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BABYLONIAN RECORDS

IN THE LIBRARY OF J. PIERPONT MORGAN

EDITED BY ALBERT T. CLAY

YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS London - Humphrey Milford- Oxford University Press

MDCCCCXX

PART III

CUNEIFORM BULLAE

OF THE

THIRD MILLENNIUM B.C.

BY

CLARENCE E.KEISER. PH.D.

ASSISTANT CURATOR. OF THE BABYLONIAN

COLLECTION -YALE

UNIVER.SITY.

NEW YORK MCMXIV

EDITION LIMITED TO 250 COPIES COPY Ne^

CONTENTS

PAGE

Introduction

Date and Provenance 9

Description 10

Seal Impressions 12

Relation to Temple Records 12

Purpose 14

Chronological Data 17

Other Similar Texts ig

Contents 20

Translations and Transliterations 21

Name Indices

Abbreviations and Determinatives 29

Personal Names 29

Names of Deities 36

Names of Temples and Houses 37

Names of Officials, etc 38

Names of Places 39

Names of Months 40

Catalogue 41

Autographed Texts

Heliotype Reproductions

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION.

A large number of the texts here pubhshed belong to the time of the Ur Dynasty, of which the reigns of Dungi, Bur-Sin, Gimil-Sin, and Ibi-Sin are represented. A number belong to the time of the First Dynasty of Babylon.' In Nos. 26, 33a, and loi, the year and the month are expressed by a number of perpendicular and oblique wedges. This indicates an earlier period than the Ur Dynasty> prob- ably a time between Ur-Nina and the Dynasty of Akkad.^ No. 33a unquestionably belongs to the Lugal-anda period. Nos. 100 and 103 are not dated, but for paleographic reasons they can likewise be assigned to a time prior to the Ur Dynasty. The Larsa Dynasty is represented by Nos. i7-2ob, 2ia-22h, and probably yga-e and 189. Of these, Nos. i8a-b, and probably 22b, belong to the reign of Rim- Sin, while 20b belongs to the reign of Samsu-iluna. Nos. 33b-36b belong to the reign of Uru-kagina.

Large temple archives have been found at Drehem and Jokha, cities situated southeast of Nippur, belonging to the Ur Dynasty. These show, as is known, that different names were in use at each place to designate the months of the year. The provenance of the present texts, belonging to the Ur Dynasty, can then be determined to be either Drehem or Jokha. Nos. i7-2ob, 2ia-22h, were in collections said to have come from Senkereh, the ancient Larsa. This is corrobo- rated by the dates in Nos. i8a-b, while the others are of a similar character, especially as regards the script. The same provenance may perhaps be assigned to Nos. 79a-e, and 189; while that of Nos. 33b-36b is assured by the mention of Uru-kagina, king of Shirpurla. Those belonging to the First Dynasty of Babylon do not show such

' Nos. 20c, 28, 57-70, 157, 182, 185, 187, 188, 190.

' At least this seems to be an;ilogous to the texts of the Lugal-anda and Ur-Nina periods where the year is expressed by a horizontal wedge crossed by oblique wedges. In the Revue d' Assy nolo gie. Vol. VIII, p. 159, Thurcau-Dangin has published four tablets, from Jokha, similarly dated. These he assigns to a time prior to the Dynasty of Akkad, ibid. p. 154.

conclusive internal evidence for determining their provenance. A few of these, probably, have come from Sippar.

These texts may be grouped into four general classes: (a) Bullae or Labels, (b) Tags in the shape of tablets, (c) Archive Labels, and (d) Animal Tags.

The general appearance of the (a) bullae or labels (see Plates I, II), is that of a lump of clay pressed on the knot of a cord. On the outer edges of many the finger markings of the scribe, who fash- ioned the label on the cord, are plainly visible. The most common forms used were the three-sided, conical, and elliptical or olive-shaped. The nature of the contents apparently did not influence or decide the particular shape of this group, belonging to the Ur Dynasty. It rather seems to have been a matter of choice with the scribe to use a shape best adapted to his immediate use, and one that was easily made. In the Lugal-anda period the olive-shaped bullae were chiefly votive in character. All the labels from Jokha have a solid base. This indicates that the cord did not pass entirely through the label, but that the lump of clay was placed on the end of the cord after it was tied around the object. This gave an additional side for the inscription, which the scribe frequently used.' The hole varies from one half of an inch to an inch in diameter, showing the use of a heavy cord to tie the bale of goods. The hole in the elliptical or olive-shaped is very much smaller, varying from one eighth to three eighths of an inch.

The second (b) group (see Plate III), does not difl^er from the usual shape of the tablet. In some the hole, which is very small, passes through the tablet, generally near one edge; in others it is only visible on one side, indicating that the tag was placed on the end or knot of the string with which it was fastened to the cord encirc- ling the object. At the time of the F irst Dynasty this form, apparently, disappears, and the most common then seems to have been the olive- shaped. A few, belonging to the Ur and First Dynasties, were flat and triangular (see Plate IV). In the Assyrian period, according to the published texts, the triangular, tending to a "heart-shape," were more common.

Very similar to the above group are the (c) pisan-dubba, i.e., archive labels (see Plate V). In these the holes are found, so far as

'Nos. 3, 7, 10, 23, 30, 44, 45.

10

the present texts show, on the left hand edge. The holes, two in number, are very close together, and do not pass entirely through the tablet. The impression of the string shows that it passed through the tablet in a short loop, thus leaving its two ends extend from the same edge and free, in order to fasten the label to the outside of the archive case, or to the receptacle which held what was referred to on the label.

No. 26, which belongs to an earlier period than the Ur Dynasty, shows a different arrangement. Here the string passed entirely through the tablet from the right to the left hand edge. There is but one hole, indicating a single string. On the right hand edge is a circular impression, showing that the knot of the cord was on this edge, and served as a support for the label. The shape of this label, rectangular like the usual tablet, however, shows a distinct variation from the usual shape, semi-spherical, of this group in the early period.' With it may be compared a similarly shaped label, dated in the reign of Sargon.^ The change from the earlier to the later shape, appar- ently, was then made prior to the Akkad Dynasty. There is no further change during the Ur Dynasty.

The id) animal tags (see Plate VI), are triangular and flat, some- what in the shape of a shield. These vary in thickness from three eighths of an inch to half an inch. A small hole passes through each of the three corners.

From the impressions on the inside of the tag (see Plate VIII, Nos. 65 and 66), it is probable that two cords were tied together, and the tag placed on this knot. No. 65 clearly shows that the knot, which was found preserved in the tag, was close to one edge; while in No. 66 the impression shows it to have been near the center of the tag. In some, the hole at the opposite corner is larger than the two at the shoulders of the tag, at least, it indicates the impression of a knot. It is then possible that a cord, with a knot on one end, passed through the tag from the opposite corner to one shoulder, and a short distance from this knot a second cord was tied, which passed out through the other shoulder. This gave two ends for fastening the

'See: Documents Presargoniques, by Allotte De La Fiiye, Fasc. I, Part I, 1908, Planche XI; Ancient Bullae and Seals of Shirpurla, by N. P. Likhachev, in Notes of the Classical Depart- ment of the Imperial Russian Archaeological Society, Tome IV, 1907, pp. 243-247, Nos. 31-44.

' No. 85, in Recueil de Tablettes Chaldeennes, by Thureau-Dangin.

II

tag to the animal, while the two knots helped to keep it in place. The tag would then be suspended thus:

It is not evident, from Nos. 65 and 66, Plate VIII, that a single cord passed through the three corners in such a way as to form a loop. In such a case, we would expect to find also traces of the impression of the cord on one of the edges. But the present texts do not show any such impression. Nos. 79a, b, and e, elliptical in shape, indicate that this group varied in form in the different centers during different periods.

Most of these bullae and labels are well preserved and baked. A number, however, from Jokha and of the time of the First Dynasty are unbaked.

With few exceptions the scribe impressed his seal on those labels and tags which were used in connection with receipts and expendi- tures, i.e., groups a and b. Usually the seal is impressed several times. The scribe impressed his seal, which served the purpose of his signature, as well as mentioned his name in the body of the inscrip- tion. This was a guarantee to the steward of the storehouse that the record of the contents of the package was correct, and had been passed upon by the scribe hirriself as the responsible person. In a few instances,' however, the seal is that of another person, i.e., the one mentioned as having received the package. This is analogous to the seals on records of receipts, where the one giving the receipt also left the impression of his seal. On the archive labels (c) the seal is omitted, because these had no relation to any business trans- actions. The animal tags {d) also do not show any seal impressions.

The seal impressions, throughout the Ur Dynasty, show the us* of a cylinder with a perfectly plain border. The scene, a common one of this period, represents a seated deity into whose presence a worshipper is either led by a female attendant; or the worshipper approaches the god unattended. In the field, the crescent alone, or the sun in the crescent is frequently added (see Plate VII).

» No.s. 89, 97, 140.

12

So far as the evidence shows, these texts are to be connected with the many temple records which have been found. This is clearly proved by the finding of records which give the same contents as some of these bullae or labels. In the collection, from which Nos. i8a-22h were taken, were also a number of tablets about one inch square, a few of which are here included (Nos. ige, 22g, 22h). These tablets give the records of consignments of bricks to different indi- viduals. All mention the same official, who probably was the one in charge of some Babylonian brick-yard. These three tablets were selected and included here because they, doubtless, refer to the same transactions as bullae Nos. igd, 22e, and 22f respectively. Each states the same amount of bricks was sent to the same person, proving that the scribe not only made a record, often a mere note, to be preserved in the archive, but also one to be attached to the goods as a label, to indicate the amount and destination of the consignment. In examining a large number of the published and unpublished temple records of the Ur Dynasty, corresponding similarities between the tablets and the bullae or labels of that period were also found.

The temple with its large possessions in lands and herds of cattle, and its hosts of functionaries and tradesmen connected with it, had become a great institution, whose administrative affairs differed in nowise from those of a similar modern institution. Its staff of revenue officers, in consequence, passed through the various outlying districts to collect the taxes due from its possessions. These taxes, always paid in kind, were sent in to the temple, where they were credited to the proper debtor. On their receipt the scribe naturally only made out a list of what was sent; by whom and through what official it was sent; by whom it was received; and the date. Frequently he added the purpose of the contents sent, whether as interest on a loan, as an offering, or even as food. Attaching such a record to the package, before sending it to the steward of the storehouse for final disposi- tion, was quite essential and most helpful to that official, who had to keep accurate records of the receipts as well as the expenditures of the storehouse in his charge. After serving this, its first purpose, the label, giving the itemized account, was baked (see page 17) and preserved as a permanent record to be used later by the scribe for compiling the monthly and annual accounts of individuals for the temple archive. The nature of their writing material would not permit the scribe to

13

keep on adding new accounts on the same tablet, so that full indi- vidual accounts could only be made on the basis of the separate entries of each transaction on separate tablets or labels.

These bullae and labels were then chiefly used in connection with the various receipts and expenditures of the temple: for tagging the revenues, tithes, and offerings received at its storehouse; the loans of grain or animals to the tenants of its farms; the wages of the laborers cultivating its lands, or employed to convert raw products, as wool, into finished articles; the animals entrusted to shepherds for various periods; and for marking the archive cases. Others again were used in connection with private receipts of interest on loans, of money, or with offerings made to deities for personal favor, or the preservation of life. In fact we may infer as varied and extensive a use of these clay labels as is to-day made of the common card-board tag.

The smaller triangular tags were, no doubt, tied around the neck, or horns, of the animal, which was to be tagged. They simply men- tion the kind of animal, and the shepherd's name. This would indicate their use to have been to designate ownership. Such a use seems reasonable when interpreted in relation with the numerous inventories of flocks made at the time they were entrusted to shepherds, and again of the round-ups of the herds at the expiration of the shepherd's lease.' Further, this view agrees with the records of contracts made with individuals, stipulating the conditions upon which live stock was farmed out, and the returns that were expected.^

The pisan-dubba group are to be connected with the filing cases for the temple records. The phrase, ^uan-basket, and a'«i^«=tablet, clearly means a "basket tablet," i.e., a tablet used in connection with a receptacle or case to indicate its contents. These labels suspended on a cord, as shown by the two holes on the left hand edge, were attached to the outside of the archive case.' They state the char- acter of the records or documents filed in each particular case,* and

' Cf. Clay, Babylonian Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania, Vol. XV, No. 199; Barton, Ilaverford Library Collection, Part II, Nos. 34, 48; Langdon, Archives of Drehem, No. 61, etc.

' Cf. Clay, Babylonian Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania, Vol. XV, No. 48.

' Cf. the description by Thureau-Dangin in Orientalische Literatur Zeitung, 1907, p. 446, II; and Legrain, Le Temps des Rois D'Ur, p. 22.

• In the Zeitschrift fiir Jssyriologie, Band III, p. 213, Budge describes the finding of earthen jars, in situ, which contained contract tablets, and which had the names of the con- tracting parties inscribed on the outside.

H

so are the equivalents of the labels placed on filing cases to-day. The classification, cataloguing, and filing of the great number of records, concerning the temple's transactions, were entrusted to a stafi^ of archivists or registrars.^ Their official title is also designated by the phrase pisan-dubba, and mar-pisan-dubba}

From the seal impressions on a number of the present texts (Nos. 3, 5, 7, lo, 12, 23, 25, 130), where a pisan-dubba-sag, "chief archivist," is mentioned, it is evident that a division into classes was made, based, perhaps, on experience and ability.

No. 17, presumably from Larsa, gives a list of sheep delivered for various temples. In the Yale Babylonian Collection there are a number of similar texts. All are square, or nearly so, in shape. A hole, without exception, is found at the upper and lower left hand corner. The impression of the cord shows that it passed through these two corners in a loop along the left hand edge, and in the center of this loop was a knot to keep the tag in place (see Plate VIII, No. 67). On each edge, as well as on the obverse and reverse, are the seal impressions of difi^erent individuals, called satammu in the inscription. These no doubt were temple officials. This officer,^ preceded by the determinative amelu, is also mentioned on a number of unpublished letters, of the Neo-Babylonian period, in the Yale Collection. All the texts begin with E-^Samas, "temple of Shamash," except one, which begins with E-'^Enlil, "temple of Enlil." This label gives an entirely different list of temples, and is dated in "the year when the country of Umliash was destroyed, "'' whereas the others are dated in "the year when the country of Ashnunak was destroyed" (see below). In the former the following temples are mentioned: E-'^Samas, E-'^Adad, E-^Ishtar, E-^Nana, E-^Nergal, E-'^Bau; while in the latter, in the Yale Collection, are mentioned: E-'^En-lil, E-^Nannar, E-'^Ea, E-^ N in-har-sag-gd, E-'^Nin-kar-ra-ag, E-^Nin-ib, E-^Nin-din-ug-ga .

The meaning of en nu bada in No. 33b is not clear. Similar texts

' Cf. Reisner, Tempelurkunden aus Telloh, No. 130, rev. 20-21, where Gudea, the archi- vist, received the tablets brought into the tablet house.

' For the discussion of the functions of the mar-pisan-dubba, see Ed. Cuq in Revue d' Assyriologie, Vol. VII, p. 98.

' Cf. also duppu nam satammu, 112 : 7, and 126 : 8; and satammu"' in Letters of Hammu- rabi, by King.

• mu ma-da Ab-nun-ki ba-lful.

15

are published by Pinches' and Likhachev.^ The former translates it by "lord of the garrison'", and the latter leaves it untranslated. Thureau-Dangin translates it by "fortress of the wall,"^ and refers to en-nu in Gudea, Cyl. B, XII :20, where the meaning "fortress" is clear; also to Nos. 393:2, 394 : 2, in his Recueil de Tablettes Chal- deennes, where it is used parallel with e-gal, "palace." If this pro- posed meaning should prove correct, these bullae may then have been attached to parcels sent to fortresses, and addressed to their chief official.

Nos. 34a-36b are of a votive character, and, very probably, were attached to an object which the king dedicated to his deity. They are analogous to two other texts translated by Thureau-Dangin.'' In these, as in No. 36b, the deity addressed is ''Ningirsu, the god of Lagash; while in Nos. 343-363 it is Bau, his consort.

No. 81 records the receipt of a slave from one person by another, and so probably was the tag attached to the slave thus transferred.^ No. 28, pyramidal in shape, and No. 76, resembling a flattened lump, contain only seal impressions; these apparently served the purpose of seals, and so are very analogous to the bullae of the middle ages, or the wax seals still attached to documents and packages.®

That these labels were placed on the cord, with which the bale of goods to be tagged was tied, is evident from the hole passing through them, and the clear imprints of the cord.^ These imprints (see Plate VIII, Nos. 59-64*), show the cord to have been made up of a number of smaller fibres tied together, generally with a straight, occasionally a twisted, strand. Instead of plaiting the fibres into a cord it rather seems they simply tied them together at various intervals. A lump

^Amherst Tablets, p. 14, No. 3; Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Oct. 191 1, p. 104 fF., Nos. 1-6.

^Ancient Bullae and Seals of Shirpurla, pp. 15, 16, Nos. 21-28.

' Die Sumerischen und Akkadischen Konigsinschriften, p. 44, No. f; and note f.

* Die Sumerischen und Akkadischen Konigsinschriften, p. 44, Nos. d, e.

' Cf. No. y/05656, of an earlier period, in the Revue d' Assyriologie, Vol. VIII, p. 158; also Kjijiy, of the Assyrian period, which records the name of a female slave, and that of her owner, see Bezold, Catalogue of the Kouyunjik Collection in the British Museum, p. 564.

^ Cf. similar bullae of the Lugal-anda period published in Documents Presargoniques, by Allotte De La Fliye, Nos. 11-24; -"nd Ancient Seals and Bullae of Shirpurla, by N. P. Lik- hachev, Plates 3-5.

' Cf. the description given by De La Fiiye in the Revue d'Assyriologie, Vol. VI, p. 108.

' By turning Nos. 62-64, Plate VIII, a good idea can be had as to the nature of the cord used.

16

of clay pressed on such a knot would have sufficient hold to remain in place.

Just what these fibres were, is not so certain. It is very probable, however, that they were reeds or rushes, possibly something similar to the fibres of the bamboo tree still extensively used in the Orient to-day. In this connection are to be noted the several lengthy pub- lished records referring to the collection of binding reeds;' also, a few of the present texts which were used to tag quantities of reeds, namely, No. 134, in connection with a consignment received by boat; No. 135, for different grades from the same field; or No. 141, where a num- ber of reeds from the ma-nu tree were sent as an offering.

That the bulla or label was baked in order to preserve it as a permanent record, after it had served its first purpose, is very evident from the perfect, unbroken grooves and ridges left in the clay, show- ing the exact form of the cord or rope which was burned out in the baking. In several of the labels, here published, charred pieces of the cord are preserved. In a few the remains were sufficient to show a slightly twisted strand.

Chronologically these texts offer several new and variant date formulas:

a. "The year when Shashru was destroyed for the second time."

b. "The year the son of the king."

c. "The year when the bright throne of Enlil was built."

d. "The year after Nannar of Karzida was brought into the temple of Ana for the second time."

e. "The year after the lord of Nannar was installed."

f. "The year the country Ashnunak was destroyed."

a. mu Sa-as-ru-ki a-du 2-kam ba-hul, Nos. 45, 166.

b. mu dumu lugal, Nos. 83, 108, 154, 160.

c. mu azag gu-za '^En-lil-ld ba-dim. No. 131.

mu gu-za azag ''En-lil-ld ba-dim, Nos. 151, 180.

d. mu us-sa ^Nannar-Kar-zi-da a-du 2-kam e-A-na ba-an-tur. No. 97.

e. mu us-sa en '^Nannar mas-e-ni-pad. No. 48.

f. mu ma-da As-nun-ki ba-hul. No. 17.

The formulas d and e, being us-sa formulas of known dates, can be placed with certainty; the former id), designating the 47th year of Dungi; and the latter (<?), the 54th year of Dungi. In formula c

' Nos. 305, 306 in Recueil de Tablettes Chaldeennes, by Fr. Thureau-Dangin; and No. 24 in the Haverford Library Collection oj Cuneiform Tablets, Part I, by G. A. Barton.

J?

there is a variant form for the 3d year of Bur-Sin, which, throughout the known texts, is the year in which the throne of ''EnHI was built. In No. 131 it precedes the formula for the 4th year of Bur-Sin, which confirms the placing of it as the 3d year of that reign. Formula a occurs in no combination with another date which would help to definitely place it.^

Formula b is uncertain. The three texts in which it occurs give little help for its classification. It no doubt is the abbreviated form of "the year when the son of the king was installed patesi of Anshana."^ This would be analogous to the abbreviated form: "the year the daughter of the king,"^ for the fuller form: "the year when the daughter of the king was invested patesi of Zabshali."* To which reign of the Larsa kings formula / belongs is uncertain. Records from Drehem give the names of two of the patesi of Ashnunak in the time of the Ur Dynasty, namely, Kallamu in the 57th year of Dungi^ and the 9th year of Bur-Sin"; Ituria in the 9th year of Gimil-Sin^, and the ist year of Ibi-Sin*. Genouillac^ refers to tablets which mention Kallamu as patesi in the 4Sth year of Dungi, and as governor in the 2d and 5th years of Bur-Sin; and Ituria as patesi in the 3d year of Gimil-Sin.

In No. 22b the date: mu ki-iQ us-sa, "the 19th year after," no doubt can be assigned to the reign of Rim-Sin; at least it is analogous to a number of formulas placed in this reign by Thureau-Dangin.^" No. 26 mentions the patesi Isib-pa-he. The label probably is dated in his rule, in the ist year and the 7th month.

No. 23, dated in the 8th year of Bur-Sin, gives a new name for a month, namely, Ezen-^Bur-^Sin, which shows that the calendar at Jokha was subjected to this slight change. With what month to

' The same date occurs in No. 1683 of the Yale collection: mu ^En-zu lugal-e

2-kam-as Sa. . . .mu-hul. Unfortunately the first part of the king's name is lost. Probably it was Bur-Sin. If so, it would indicate that he destroyed Shashru twice.

' mu dumu-lugal pa-te-si An-sa-na-ki-ge ba-t'.ig-a. No. 13 in the Yale Babylonian Collection.

* mu dumu-sal lugal. No. 141 in Myhrman, Babylonian Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania, Vol. Ill, Part I.

* mu dumu-sal lugal patesi Za-ab-sa-li-ge ba-tiig. No. 147. ' Genouillac, Tablettes de Drehem, No. 5493 : 5, 6.

« Langdon, Archives of Drehem, No. 45: 2, 3. 'Genouillac, Tablettes de Drehem, No. 4691: 11, 12. ' No. 1732 in the Yale collection.

* ia Trouvaille de Drehem, p. II.

'° Cf. Nos. i-m, p. 238 in Die Sumerischen und Akkadischen Konigsinschriften.

18

identify it, and when the substitution was made, is not clear at present; possibly it was for Ri, the 5th month.'

The Drehem calendar, likewise, had two names for the same month. The new name that was substituted was Ezen-'Gimil-^Sin. Genouillac^ suggested that it was to be identified with Shu-esh-sha, the 8th month. This is definitely proved by a large tablet in the private collection of Mr. T. B. Walker of Minneapolis. This tablet is an annual record of animals brought to the temple on the difl^erent days of each month. The month Shu-esh-sha is missing, and in its place is given the month Ezen-^Gimil-^Sin.

In connection with the present texts it is interesting to note a group of bullae of the time of Sargon and Naram-Sin, bearing the seal impression of persons of Agade and addressed to individuals of Shir- purla.' These, besides indicating a system of exchange and trade between the two cities, illustrate a very simple, and possibly the original idea of this class of objects, i.e., they were labels giving the origin and destination of the package, similar to the modern delivery tag.

In the Assyrian period, a number of the bullae or labels are char- acterized by the addition of Aramaic notes. These, undoubtedly, have the same import as the Aramaic endorsements on the business documents of the Murashu Sons.'' Most of these Assyrian labels are described as "heart-shaped,"^ and were used in connection with advances of corn, for planting, to the tenants or officers in charge of farms.*

Among the Hittites the use of similar objects is evident from the description of two, one a cone and the other a tetrahedron, from Boghaz Koi.^

' In No. 3912, of the Yale collection, from Jokha occurs also the month Ur, which belongs to the calendar in use at Telloh during the time of Sargon and the early years of Dungi's reign. The tablet is a record of an offering of 6 gur 60 qa of royal grain from the month Ur to the month Kur-u-e {itu Ur ta itu Kur-u-e hi itu-bi 2-dm). This would identify the month Ur with the loth month, which in the Jokha calendar was Ezen-'^Dun-gi. The tablet is dated: itu E-itu-as mu en Eridu-ki ba-Ulg-gd.

'La Trouvaille de Drehem, p. 16, n.l.

'See Thureau-Dangin, Revue d' Assyriologie, Vol. IV, p. 77 ff. ; and Recueil De Tablettes Chaldeennes, pp. 69-72.

* See Clay, Babylonian Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania, Vols. IX, X; Museum Publication, University of Pennsylvania, Vol. II, Part I.

' Bezold, Catalogue of the Kouyunjik Collection in the British Museum, Nos. Sm<)^y, p. 1450, Rmiy6, p. 1596, etc.

" Johns, Babylonian and Assyrian Laws, Letters and Contracts, p. 258.

' Charles, Travels and Studies in the Nearer East, Vol. I, Part II, pp. lo, 11.

The contents of the texts are briefly indicated in the catalogue. They are chiefly hsts of offerings of drink, vegetables and animals made to the principal deities, or the regular ofi^ering of some individual to his god; lists of animals, mostly slaughtered, sent by the king, or received by some temple official; lists of animal skins and sinews sent out; receipts of grain as interest, as rations for men, and as fodder for cattle; collections of reeds and wood; consignments of bricks and copper vessels; wages of men and women; archive labels; animal tags; and seals.

The translations of a few specimen texts are given to show the general character of this class of cuneiform material.

20

TRANSLATIONS.

1. No. 25, GiMiL-SiN, 6th year, 29TH OF Shekarragalla.

Contents: Label for a list of an offering of a messenger.

Translation: loqa of excellent drink, 3gur iijqa of common drink, goqa of excellent drink made from the S^-plant, 265qa of common drink made from the S^^-plant, 2gur I44qa of common malt, 7oqa of fine Gf/-flour, igur yqa of wheat flour,, .gin of oil, . .6 grass fed sheep, i02/3qa Sgin. . ., 7qa 5gin of crushed N ID ABA, the regular offering of a messenger from ^Za-kar-'^'Gir-su"". The GIR in charge was Lu-dugga.

Following the names of the two scribes and the date is the note: Lu-dugga and Ur-e-mah confirmed it. The seal of one of the scribes is impressed several times.

2. No. 17, Larsa Dynasty, qth of Duzum.

Contents: Label for sheep given to different temples.

Translation: 3 sheep for the temple of "^Shamash, i sheep for the temple of "^Adad, i ewe for the temple of ''Ishtar, i ewe for the temple of Nana, i sheep for the temple of ''Nergal, i sheep for the temple of Bau. A total of 8 ewes and sheep expended by NikmanGm.

On the four edges, obverse, and reverse are the seal impressions of the satammu officers.

1. I. 10 ga kas-sig. 2. 3 gur iij gd kas-du gur. Z. go gd kas-"^ SA-sig. A. 265 gd kas-"" SA-du. 5. 2 gur 144 gd gar-du gur. 6. 70 gd zid-gu-sig. 7. / gur jo gd

zid-se gur. 8 gin ni-gis. 9. . . . gd . . . \0. . . . gd . . . 12. 6 udu-sam. 13.

102/3 S'^ 5 S^^- ■ ■ 14. 7 gd 10 gin NIDABA-gaz. 15. sa-dug rim. 16. sag ''Za- kar-"'Gir-su-ki. 17. GIR Lu-dug-ga. 27. Lu-dug-ga u Ur- 28. e-maf} in-gi-ni-es.

2. 1. 5 immeru E-''Samas. 2. i immeru £-^Adad. 3. / lahru R-''lstar. 4. / lahru E-'^Na-na-a. 5. / immeru £-''Nergal. 6. / immeru E-'Ba-u. 7. 8 la)}ru immeru'"" . 8. ki Ni-ik-ma-a-nu-um. 9. ba-zi. 10. duppu satammu-e-ne.

91

3. No. 20a, UNDATED.

Contents: Bulla for grain received in exchange for bricks.

Translation: igoqa of grain, Abil-UR-RA received from the royal erisa, for 3 sar of bricks, which he brought in the month Abu. By order of Munawir.

4. No. 2ld, UNDATED.

Contents: Bulla for grain and oil received.

Translation: goqa of grain and 2oqa of oil, Edimu-rabi received from the erisa.

5. No. 22e, UNDATED.

Contents: Bulla for a consignment of bricks. Translation: i sar of bricks sent to Lishashim-ilu.

6. No. 22g, QTH OF TaSHRITUM.

Contents: Record of a consignment of bricks. Translation: i sar of bricks sent to Lishashim-ilu. The GIR in charge was Buladatum.

7. No. 31, DUNGI, 53D YEAR, EzEN-MeKIGAL.

Contents: Label for animals sent by the king.

Translation: 47 oxen and cows, 860 sheep and kids, 339 gazelles, 420 young animals, sent by the king, were received by Abba-shagga.

Following the date is the phrase E-lB, probably the name of the royal stockyard from which the animals were taken.

3. 1. 190 gd se su-ti-a. 2. A-bil-lJ R-RA . 3. ki e-ri-sa sarru. 4. a-na j sar libittu. 5. i-na arhi Abu. 6. i-za-bi-il. 7. KA sa Mu-na-wi-ir.

4. 1. 90 gd se. 2. 20 gd samnu. 3. su-ti-a. 4. '"E-di-mu-ra-bi. 5. ki e-ri-sa.

5. 1. / sar libittu. 2. mu-du Li-sa- 3. si-im-ilu.

6. 1. / sar libittu. 2. mu-du Li-sa-si-im-ilu. 3. GIR Bu-la-da-tum.

7. 1. 47 gud-db'^°". 2. 860 udu-maF"^'' . 3. 340 lal-i mas-dii. 4. 420 az. 5. mu-du lugal. 6. Ab-ba-sag-ga ni-ku. 11. E-IB.

22

8. No. 34a, UNDATED.

Contents: Bulla with a votive inscription.

Translation: Bau, the mother of Uru-kagina (is) its name.

9. No. 37, GiMiL-SiN, 6th year, Kisig-''Ninazu.

Contents: Label for slaughtered animals received. Translation: 5 oxen and cows, 135 sheep and kids, slaughtered, sent from Ahuwir, were received by Dungi-urumu. The seal is that of Babati.

10. No. 57, First Dynasty of Babylon.

Contents: Sheep tag.

Translation: i sheep of the shepherd Ribam-ili.

11. No. 63, First Dynasty of Babylon.

Contents: Goat tag.

Translation: i goat of Mamanum.

12. No. 76, UNDATED.

Contents: Bulla with a seal impression.

Translation: Lugal-amar-azag, the scribe, son of Nashag, the elder.

13. No. 89, DUNGI, 49TH YEAR, DiRIG.

Contents: Tag for grain received as an offering to Enlil. Translation: i gur of royal grain, the regular offering of the mill to ''Enlil, Dagi received from tJr.

8. 1. ''Ba-u. 2. ama Uru- 3. ka-gi- 4. na-ka. 5. mu-bi.

9. 1. j gud-db'°". 2. ijj udu-mas'°". 3. ba-til. A. ki A-l^u-wi-ir ta. S.mu-dv- 6. ^Dun-gi-uru-mu. 7. su-ba-ti. 8. duppu Ba-ba-ti.

10. 1. / immeru. 2. naqidu. 3. Ri-ba-am-ili.

11. 1. / enzu. 2. Ma-ma-nu-um.

12. Lugal-amar-azag. dup-sar. dumu Na-sag AB.

13. 1. / se gur lugal. 2. sa-dug ^En-lil-ld. 3. e-har-ta. 4. ki Ur ta. 5. Da- a-gi. 6. su-ba-li.

^3

14. No. 92, GiMIL-SiN, 7TH YEAR, MiNAB.

Contents: Label for grain, from two individuals.

Translation: . . .gur i8oqa of grain, deficit of the income, from Lu-kalla, 39gur 24oqa, deficit of the income, from Ur-''Nungal. It is a copy of the tablet of Sara-nizu of Su-ka-ma-er '.

15. No. 97, DUNGI, 47TH YEAR, ShEKINKUD.

Contents: Tag for grain received as fodder for the asses. Translation: i2oqa of royal grain, as fodder for the asses, Ur- dingirra received from Or.

16. No. 102, DuNGI, 44TH YEAR.

Contents: Label for hides.

Translation: i ox hide to Adda, the LU, i to Nikalla, i to Dadaga, i to Dingirra, i ass hide to Urzu. A total of 5 ox hides sent out.

17. No. 104, EZEN-''DUNGI.

Contents: Label for grain as rations.

Translation: i gur of royal grain for Lii-'^Sara, the son of Lugal- en...., i2oqa of grain for Ur-'^Sara, the son of Ashnib?, i2oqa for Azag-kin-kud .?, rations for the zag-mu of the field of ''Sara.

14. 1 gur 180 gd se-gur. 2. lal-li rug-ga. 3. ki Lu-kal-la ta. 4. jp gur

240 gd gur. 5. lal-li rug-ga. 6. Ki Ur-'^Nun-gal ta. 7. gab-ri duppu ''Sara-ni-zu. 8. ki Su-ka-ma-er-ki.

15. 1. 120 gd se-lugal. 2. sag-gal ansu. 3. ki Ur ta. 4. U r-dingir-ra. 5. su- ba-ti.

16. 1. I zu-gud. 2. Ad-da LU. 3. i Ni-kal-la. 4. i Da-da-ga. 5. i Dingir-ra. 6. I zu-ansu. 7. Ur-zu. 8. sunigin 5 zu-gud. 9. zi-ga-dm.

17. 1. / se gur lugal. 2. Lu-^Sara dumu. 3. Lugal-en. ... 4. 120 gd se Ur-^^ara. 5. dumu As-ni-ib? 6. 120 gd Azag-kin-kud? 7. se-ba zag-mu-su. 8. a-sag '^Sara-ta.

24

18. No. 114, GiMiL-SiN, 8th year. Contents: Tag for grain.

Translation: i8oqa of grain were sent as revenue by Lugal-gar-ba-e. The seal is that of Gududu.

19. No. 128, DUNGI, 59TH YEAR, ShETEGALLA.

Contents: Label for wages.

Translation: 10 hired servants for completing the canal-Ni-sum- dug. The wage of each is 6qa.

20. No. 134, DuNGI, 56TH YEAR, DiRIG.

Contents: Label for reeds.

Translation: 80 binding reeds, by the ship-zid-da-lal, Gina. . .du received from Lu-shagga.

21. No. 143, DuNGI, 57TH YEAR, ''DuMU-ZI.

Contents: Label for copper articles.

Translation: 13 copper-^zn, each weighing 15 shekels, Nabadi received from Ur-amana.

22. No. 148, DuNGI, 57TH YEAR, "^Ne-gun.

Contents: Label for silver.

Translation: 1/3 of a shekel and 20 she of silver, paid to Ur- Dun-pa-e, the silver-smith, by Dadaga.

18. 1. 180 gd se-fiar-ra. 2. mu-du. 3. ki Lugal-gar-ba-e ta. 4. duppu Gu-du-du,

19. 1. 10 kal lu- 2. ku-mal. 3. a 6 gd ta. 4. "'Ni-sum-dug. 5. a-til-a.

20. 1. 80 sa-gi. 2. md-zid-da-lal-ne. 3. kt Lu-sag-ga ta. 4. Gi-na. . . .du. 5. su-ba-li.

21. 1. ij urudu-kin. 2. ki-lal-bi /J shekels-ta. 3. ki Ur-ama-na ta. 4. Na- ba-di. su-ba-ti.

22. 1. i/j shekel 20 se. 2. ku-babbar. 3. ki Da-da-ga ta. 4. Ur-'' Dun-pa-e. 5. azag-gim. 6. rug-rug-dam.

^5

23. No. 170, UNDATED.

Contents: Archive label.

Translation: It is the archive for the tablets taken out by Lugal- mea during the 3d and 4th years of Bur-Sin, and the tablets taken out by Ir-ilu from the 3d to the 6th years of Bur-Sin.

24. No. 174, UNDATED.

Contents: Archive label.

Translation: It is the archive for the records of the patesi of the countries.

25. No. 177, DUNGI, 5 1ST YEAR.

Contents: Archive label.

Translation: It is the archive for the records of the offerings to the gods.

23. 1. pisan dub-ba. 2. duppu dib-ba Lugal-me-a. 3. mu gu-za En-lil-ld. 4. ba-dim u mu en mah-gal. 5. An-na ba-ttig. 6. u duppu dib-ba. 7. Ir-ilu. 8. mu 4-kam. 9. mu gu-za ta. 10. mu Sa-as-ru-ki hi. 11. ni-gal.

24. 1. pisan-dub-ba. 2. duppu lu-pa-te-si. 3. ma-da-ge-ne. 4. ni-gal. 26. 1. pisan-dub-ba. 2. sa-dug dingir-ri-ne. 3. ni-gal.

26

NAME INDICES

NAME INDICES.

b. brother f. father

Abbreviations.

s. son

MLC. Morgan Library Collection

d. deus, dea

h. homo {amelu)

Determinatives.

id. canal ki. place

Personal Names.

A-ab-ba, b. oi Lugal-c-mah-e, 116:14. A-ab-ba-ni, 110:3. A-ba-gal, 90:5. A-bi?-zi-md-hu? , i8b:3. A-bil-ku-bi,

1. s. of '' Sin-na-da, I7:seal.

2. zcarad Nu-ur-'^Adad, I7:seal. A-bil-'^Samas, s. of ''Nin-Jubur-tu-u?-

ra? . . ., 189:5. A-hil-UR-RA, 20a :2. A-bii-um-ili, re'u, 187:4. A-bu-wa-qar, s. of ''Sin-ma{-gir), 185:

seal. Ab-ba-gi-na, 82:4 | 166:3. Ab-ba-sag-ga, 31:6 | 50:10 | 73:2 | 74:2 |

122:5 I 156:7 I 165:5. Ab-lum,

1. s. oi Ba-bu-su, 79:3.

2. 189:9.

Ab? . . . ., f. of Lugal-e-mah-e, I37:seal. A-du, GIR, 1:13 I 3:20 I 30:24. A-du-du, 94:7.

A-''Du, f. of Lu-dingir{-ra), I29:seal. ''Adad-na-sir, I9d:2 | I9e:2. Ad-da,

1. lu, 102:2.

2. 106:4. Ad...., 790:5. A-gi?, 100:11. A-gin-na, GIR, 124:3. A-gu, 184:3. A-gu-gu,

1. GM, 115:6.

2. P^, 115:7.

3- 137:3- A-ha-mar-si, 2ib:5. A-ha-nu-ta, 62:2. A-hu-su-nu, 20b :2. A-hu-wi-ir, 37:4.

1. s. of Ur-nigin{-gar), Ii7:seal

I2i:seal | I28:seal?.

2. GIR, 80:17.

3. /«, 49:9.

29

4- nubanda, i6:i | 80:17.

5. patesi Umma'", 47:seal.

6. 117:8 I 121:5 I 128:10. A-kal-li, 100:3.

A-ki-^ . . . ., I57:seal. A-la-mu, 159:18. {A-I1-) wa-aq-ru-um,

1. s. of Ilu-dim-ma-re^u, dup-sar,

I7:seal.

2. wdrad ^Sin-i-din-na{-am), I7:seal. A-lul-lul,

1. sim, 135:10.

2. 23:17 I 32:16 I 44:40 I 45:36. Al-la, 93:3.

A-mu-du, 180:4.

Am-mi-di-ta-na, king, 188:11.

A-na-tum, I9a:2 | 2ib:3 | 2ic:3 | 22d:2 |

22f:2.

A-na. . ., 79c :6.

An-da-kus, 34d:4.

An-na-sdr-giib-bi, 47 :2 1 .

An-nam-gi-nir?, 136:5.

An-ni, 160:9.

As-ni-ib?, f. of Ur-'^Sara, 104:5.

A-ta, maskim, loi :'j.

A-tu,

1. s. of Lugal-sag-ga, I24:seal.

2. 124:7. A-zvi-lam?, naqidu, 70:3. Azvil-sar-'-Te-sub, naqidu, 59:3.

1. s. of Ur-'^Dun. . ., I4i:seal.

2. G/^, 49:11.

3. 141:5. Azag-kin-kud?, 104:6.

Azag-sag-ga, azag-gitn, f. of Ur-''Dun-pa-e,

I48:seal. Ba-ba-lu7n, PA, 53:3. Ba-ba-ti, 37:8, seal | 38:13, seal. Ba-bu-su, f. of Ab-lum, 79e:4. Ba-ir,

1. G/iJ, 159:5.

2. 159:11.

Ba-si-gi, 93 :2. 5a-/ag,

1. AB, 154:6.

2. 154:10. Ba-za, 91 :4. Ba-zi{-ia?), 790:7.

1. s. of Ur-gis-sag-ga, Ii5:seal.

2. PA, 127:9.

3. 115:8 I 181:4. Da-a-gi,

1. s. of Ur-gis-ginar, 89:seal.

2. PA, 125:5 I 126:7.

3. 89:5. Da-da,

1. f. of Gu-du-du, dup-sar, 32:seal.

2. patesi Unima'", 32:seal.

3. 141:4 I 180.7. Da-da-ga,

1. f. of Gu-du-du, dup-sar, ii4:seal.

2. 102:4 1 145:3 I 148:3. Da-di-ia, naqidu, 60:3.

Da. . . ., md-du-du, f. of Gi-na. . .du, 134

seal. Dingir-ma-gal, 154:4. Dingir-''Pa, 159:10. Dingir-ra, 102:5 I 133:4- Du-u, GIR and ka-si-dil, 23:14 [ 32:14

44:39 I 45:15-

Dub-lal-^UTU, 132:3.

Dug-ga-li, 38:10.

Dul-'^Sara, 115:4 | 1 16:6.

Dun-dun, gal-kalamma?, 33b:2.

^Dun-gi-uru-mu, 37:6 | 38:11.

E-a-si-ga, 80:2.

.?o

E-di-mu-ra-bi, 19b :2 | 21a 13 | 2id:4 |

22f:2 I 22h:2. E-gal-e, 1 1 2 :6.

E-gal-e-si, f. of Lugal-ba-ta-e, 186:5. E-ki, 100:2. E-la-ag-nu-d, 53:2. E-pi-na-a, 159:13. E-sag-il-la, 81:12. En-dingir-mu, 42:3. En-lil-me, AB, i. of Lugal-me-ldm, dup-

sar, I56:seal. Gdl-ka, 160:6. Gar-ul, nubanda, loi :5. Gi-na . . . du,

1. s. of Da...., md-du{-du), 134:

seal.

2. 134:4.

Gimil-'^ En . . ., sakkanaku Uruk''*, 52:seal.

Gimil-i-li, 159:14.

^Gimil-^Sin, king, 4:10 | 7:26 | 12:14 I I4a:7, 11 | 25:22 | 37:10 | 38:15 I 46:11, seal I 53:seal | 77:6 | 87:6 I 91:8 I 94:12 I 106:9 I 114:5, seal I 129:8 I i3o:seal | 146:8 I 150:7 I 152:6 I I56:seal I 159:20 I 164:7 I 183:5.

Gis-dm, 160:8.

Gis-za-an, GIR, 5:15.

Gu-du-du,

1. s. of Da-da, patesi Unim.a'", 32:

seal.

2. s. oi Da-da-ga, Ii4:seal.

3. 32:17 I 93:10 I 108:5 I 114:4 I

146:5. Gu-i-R, GIR, 159:4. Gu-nu, 113:6. Gu-u-gu-a,

1. s. of Ma-an-sum, I32:seal.

2. 132:6. Gu-u-gu-ga, 135:4. Gu-za-ni, 168:6.

Ha-bil?-a-bu, s. of ''§amas-i. . ., 28:seal. ffa-li-ia-um, naqidu, 61:3. Ifa-lul-lul, 108:3.

yu-ba-am-ili (cf. Ri-ba-am-ilt), naqidu,

67:3. IJu-da-lum, naqidu, 58:3. ffu-pi-pi, 7:30 I 10:19. ''l-bi-'^Sin, king, 32:18, seal | I55:seal. I-bi-UR-RA, 79a :2.

I-din-UR-RA, 5S-3- Id-pa-e,

1 . s. of Lu- Sara, sag-engar, 112:

seal.

2. 112:7 i 149:13- Il-ta-ni, 189:3.

Ili-i-mi{-ti), f. of '^Marduk-na-fi{-ir),

i82:seal. Ilu-dim-ma-re'u, dup-sar, f. of (A-lt)-wa-

aq-ru-um, I7:seal. Ilu-i-din?, f. of "^ Sin-i-mi-ti, 1 7 :seal. I m-mi-hu-ud-ud, 1 3 :^. I-na-tu?-''Ramman, 188:5. In-ha-an, GIR, 127:7. In-sag-sag, PA, 116:12. In-ta-e-a, 40:5 | 41 :6. I nim-ma-an-ni-zi, 83 ■.'j. Inim-'^Sara,

1. f. of ''Sara-kam, dup-sar, 72:seal.

2. PA, 162:4. Ir-ilu, 170:7.

I sib-pa-he, patesi, 26:7.

Ka-ka, 160:7.

KA-sa-UR-RA, 75 :2.

KA-ub-ba-tim?, 790:9.

Ka. . . ., f. of Lil- Sara, dup-sar, 48:seal

I 96:5, seal?. Ki-ku-lu, 147:3. Ku-dug-da?, 4:5, 8 | 158:3. La-a-sag, f. of N e-dug-ga, dup-sar, i26:seal. La-ma-nu-ki-im, 200:3. Li-sa-si-im-ilu, 22e:2 | 22g:2. Lit-ama-na, 155:4. Lu-banda{-da), 142:7. Lu-bi? . . . ., i55:seal. Lii-dingir-ra,

1. s. of A-'' Du, I29:seal.

2. arad ''Sara, 98:seal.

31

3- dup-sar, ii8:seal. Lu-'^Sara,

4. GIR, 8:5 I I4b:i I 86:9. I. s. of Ka. . . ., 48:seal | 96:4, seal?.

5. PJ, 113:8. 2. s. of Lugal-''Eti{-lil), 104:2.

6. 118:4 I 129:7 I 180:3. 3- s. of Ur-gis-ginar, 130:3. Lu-dug-ga, 4. L of I d-pa-e,- dup-sar, ii2:seal.

1. GIR, 7:22 I 25:17 I 77:4. s. 48:3.

2. PA, 119:6. Lu-'^SU-'^KA, 1:19 I 30:29 I 45:41?.

3. sukkal rim, 7:22. Lu-'^SU. . . ., f. of Ur-e-mah, 90:seal.

4. 25:27 I 83:10 I 118:2 i 181:1. Lu-te-ri, 86:6.

Lil-'' Dumu-zi, Lu-ur-sag-ga, 3:24 [ 5:21 | 7:31.

1. s. of Ma-ni, gd-su-du ''Ka-kaF, Lu-'^UR-RA, nagaru, 82:7.

I47:seal. Lu-''UTU, GIR, 12^:^.

2. 146:4. ' Lu-zu-nam-ki, f. of Lugal-gis-ginar-ri, Lu-'^ Dun-gi, 88:4. I35:seal.

Lu-'' Dun-gi-ra, 82:15 | 146:3. Lu...., f. of Ur-azag-nun{-na), dup-sar,

Lu-'^En-lil-ld, GIR, 87:3. 53:seal.

Lu-''Erin-ka, 23:22. Lugal-d-zi-da, 131:1 | 154:5.

Lu-gi-na, 80:12 | 82:14 I 172:3- Lugal-amar-azag, s. of Na-sag, AB, 29:

Lu-'^Ha-ni, seal | 76:seal.

1. s. of Ur-dul-du-e, 49:seal. Lugal-azag-ga,

2. 49:10. I. f. of Lugal-e-viah-e, dup-sar, 116: Lu-ib-gal-la, 10:20. seal | i2o:seal | I25:seal | 162: Lu-igi-sag-sag, seal.

1. s. of Ur-gis . . . ., I38:seal. 2. f. of Ur-'^Dun-pa-e, dup-Jar, 127:

2. 138:13. seal I i4o:seal.

Lu-kal-la, 3. f. of Ur-'^En-lil-ld, dup-sar, 145:

1. s. of Ur-dul-du-e, IS, i :seal | seal.

3:seal | 5:seal | 7:seal | io:seal Lugal-azag-ga-ni, f. of Uku-il, 82:3.

I I2:seal | 23:seal | 25:seal | Lugal-azag-zu,

3o:seal | 45:seal. i. s. of Ur. . . ., ii9:seal.

2. GIR, 107:8 I 140:5. 2. dup-sar, ii3:seal.

3. 5:16 I 7:23 I 10:15 I 12:10 I 23:18 3. sukkal, 119:7.

I 25:18 I 78:5 1 92:3 I 95:14 I 4. 113:9 I i3i:7_.

144:14. Lugal-ba-ta-e, s. of E-gal-e-si, 186:4.

Lu-ki-ra, lu, 105:6. Lugal-e, 160:3.

Lu-me-dim, lu, 105:4. Lugal-e-mah-e,

Lu-me-ldm? , 108:7. i- s. of Ab? . . . ., I37:seal.

{Lu?)-mur, 78:2. 2. s. of Lugal-azag-ga, Ii6:seal JI20:

Lu-'^Nin-subur, . seal | I25:seal | i62:seal.

I. /afera, 82:8. 3. b. of A-ab-ba, 116:13.

2- 98:5 I 99:5 I 169:9. 4. nubanda-gud, g^'-S-

Lu-'^Sin, 109:1. 5. 94:3 I 116:15 I 120:6 I 125:6 I

Lu-sag-ga, 134:3. 137:4 | 144:12 | 162:5.

Lu-sag-ni-zu, 171:3. Lugal-En-lil-ki, 26:4.

52

Lugal-'En. . . ., f. of Ltl-''Sara, 104:3. Lugal. . . .,

Lugal-ezen, 81:4 | 175:5. I. s. of Ur-nigin{-gar), dup-sar, 149:

Lugal-ga . . ., s. of Ur-nigtn-gar, dup-sar, seal.

I39:seal. 2. 82:1.

Lugal-gal-alim, arad ''Sara, 131: seal. Ma-an-sum, f. of Gu-u-gu-a, dup-sar, 32:

Lugal-gar-ba-e, 90:7 j 114:3 | 135:6. seal.

Lugal-gis-ginar-ri, Ma-la-a-pi{KA)-sa, 22c :2.

1. s. of Lu-zu-nam-ki, I35:seal. Ma-ma-nu-um, 63:2.

2. f. of Ur?-im. . . ., 88:seal. Ma-nu-um, 65:2.

3. PA, 135:23. Ma-ni, f. of Lu-''Dumu-zi, I47:seal.

4. 135:9, 13, 18. ''Marduk-na-si{-tr), s. of I li-i-mi{-ti), 182: Lugal-gis-har-e, lii, 83 :5. seal.

Lugal-gis-te-e, lii, 105:5. Mas-si, f. of Lugal-md-md-gur-ri, md-du-

Lugal-gud-e, du, 108:11.

1. s. of Ur-nigin-gar, I47:seal. Mu-na-wi-ir, 203:7.

2. PA, 117:6 I 121:4?. Na-ab-ri-lum, 4.J -.20.

3. 149:14. N a-an-ni. ., jgc:S. Lugal-itu-da, Na-ha-di, 143:4.

1. s. of Ur-''Dumu-zi-da, ii:seal | Na-ba-sag, AB, 3i:seal | 5o:seaI.

7i:seal. Na-din?-Aja?, 185:3.

2. /((, 105:2. N a-ra-am-ili, sukkal ni-du, 24:seal | 39:

3. 41:14 I 138:12 I 165:4. seal I 43:seal | 74:seal.

Lugal-'' Ka-dt, 118:3. Na-ra-am , 182:2.

Lugal-ki, PA, 149:4. Na-sag,

Lugal-lu-sag, GIR, 13:6. i. f. of Lugal-amar-azag, dup-sar,

Lugal-md-gur-ri, 29:seal ] 76:seal.

1. f. of Ur-'' Ma-mi, gi:sez\. 2. 43:3.

2. md-du-du, gi:^. '' N annar-dalla, mus-du-du, 135:14.

3. 160:2. Ne-dug-ga, Lugal-md-md-gur-ri, md-du-du, s. of Mas- i. s. of La-a-sag, I26:seal.

si, 108:9. 2. 126:8.

Lugal-vie-a, 170:2. Ni-ik-ma-a-nu-um, 17:8.

Lugal-me-ldm, dup-sar, s. of ''En-lil-me, Ni-kal-la, 102:3.

AB, I56:seal. Nigin-gar-ki-dug, 51:6.

Lugal-mu-ma-bdd? , Nimgir-kalam{md), loi :2.

1. PA, \2g:^. ''Nin-subur-tu-uf'ra? . .,f. of A-bil-''Samas,

2. 131:8. 189:6. Lugal-ner-gal, 160:10. Nu-ur-''Adad, I7:seal. Lugal-pa-e, sib-dun, 333:5. Nu-ur-'Sin, 41:4.

Lugal-ri-ba-an, 109:4. Ri-ba-am-ili (cf. Itu-ba-am-ili), naqidu,

Lugal-sag-ga, f. of A-tn, dup-sar, 124: 57:3 | 64:2 | 66:4 | 68:3 1 69:3.

seal. '' Ri-im-'' Sin, king, i8a:7 | i8b:5.

Lugal-su. . . .ri?, GIR and gd-si-du, 45:12. Si-li-''Gu-la, GIR, 157:2.

Lugal e, PA, 121:4. Si-na-di-ifi-ab-si, 790:2.

33

Sa-am{-su)-i-lu-na, king, 182:4.

Si(+a)-ga, IS, 126:6.

St-ldm-e, 154:2.

Sib-dingir-ra, 100:6.

''Sin-erisiPIN), 20b :5, 7.

''Sin-i-din-na(-am?), I7:seals.

'^ Sin-i-din-nam, I7:seal.

''Sin-i-ki-sa-am, f. of Warad-'^Nannar,

I7:seal. Sin-i-mi-ti,

1. s. of Ilu-i-din?, I7:seal.

2. warad ''S{n-i-din-na{-am?), 17:

seal. Sin-im-gur-an-ni, 79b :2. ''Sin-ma{-gir), f. of A-bu-wa-qar, 185:

seal. Sin-ma. . . ., i8b:seal. ''Sin-na-da, f. of A-bil-ku-bi, I7:seal. Sag-nin-gd, 3 :24.

''Samas-i . . ., f. of ffa-bilF-a-bu, 28 :seal. ''Samas-ku-li, 790:3. '^Samas-ma-an-sum, 185:2. ''Samas-ma-gir, i8a:3. Samas-mas-im-la-an-ni, 22a :2. Sar-ri-ia, 20c:i. ''Sara-d-kun, nagaru, 120:3. ^Sara-kam, s. of Inim-'^Sara, sag-ma-lugal,

72:seal. ''Sara-mu, PA, 120:5. ''Sara-ne-ka, 85:4. ''Sara-ni-zu, 92:7 | 93:11 | 130:5. ''Sflra-za-OTif,

1. G/iJ, 12:9.

2. 94:2. Ses-kal-la, 106:1. Ses-ki-ag, mu, 160:11. §es-stg, 78:3. Su-na-mu-gi, 169:8. Su-nu-kus, 113:4. Su-u-la, 82:6. Su-zu-e, 150:5. Tab{DUG-ab)-ba-la-at?,

2ie:3. Tz-h', 54:5.

190:2 I 20b :4

U-bar-'^Samas, 790:10. U-gi-nu-ri, GIR, 122:7. U-na-ab-se-in, 55:4. Uku-il, s. of Lugal-azag-ga-ni, 82:2. f/r-fl, 100:9. Ur-a-'^KAL, 90:6. Ur-ama-na, 143:3.

Ur-azag-nun{-na), dup-sar, s. of Z,w. . . ., 53:seal.

1. s. of Ur-su? . . ., 46:seal.

2. dup-sar, 169:11.

3. 46:9.

1. s. of .^. . . ., 97:seal.

2. f. of Ur-'^Sara, dup-sar, 130:

seal.

3. 97:4 i 144:13.?. Ur-dub-bar-ga?, 100:8. Ur-dul-du-e,

1. s. of Ur-nigin-gar, 2:seal | 6:seal

I 5i:seal | 77:seal | I27:seal | i8i:seal.

2. f. of Lu-'^ H a-ni, dup-sar, 49:seal.

3. f. of Lu-kal-la, dup-sar, i:seal |

4. 2:16 I 4:9 I 51:7 I 77:5 I 127:8 I

158:5 I 181:5. Ur- Dumu-zi-da,

1. f. of Lugal-itu-da, dup-sar, ii:seal

I 7i:seal.

2. dam-gar, 80:4.

3. 80:9. Ur-Dun,

1. GIR, 143:5.

2. 107:5. Ur-''Dun-pa-e,

1. s. of Azag-sag-ga, azag-gim, 148:

seal.

2. s. of Lugal-azag-ga, I27:seal | 140:

seal.

3. azag-gim, 148:4.

34

4. G/iJ, 33:6.

5. 95:13 I 135:22 I 140:3. Ur-'^Dun . . ., f. of Azag-ga-ni, dup-sar,

I4i:seal. Ur-e-An-na, 83:3. Ur-e-Gu-la, 107:2. Ur-e-mah,

1. s. of Lu-'^SU . . ., 9o:seal.

2. 5:22 I 25:28 I 90:8 I 152:4. Ur-e-nun-na, 1 1 3 :5. Ur-'^En-lil, 100:10. UT-''En-lil-ld,

1. s. oi Lugal-azag-ga, I45:seal.

2. ni-du, 159:12.

3. PA, 124:6.

4. 145:4 I 160:14. Ur-gi-tir, 87:4.

Ur-'^Gis-gibil, f. of Ur-nigin-gar, 1 73 -."j. Ur-gis-ginar,

1. f. of Da-a-gi, 89:seal.

2. f. of Lu-'' Sara, 130:4.

3. nubanda, 135:7.

4. sutug?{UH-ME) ''Dun-gi, 135:19.

5- 94:5- Ur-gis-sag-ga, f. of Da-a-ga, dup-sar, 115:

seal. Ur-gis . . . ., f. of Lu-igi-sag-sag, dup-sar,

I38:seal. Ur?-im. . ., s.of Lugal-gis-ginar-ri,88:sen]. Ur-''Ka-di, s. of Us-ku, 101:1. f/r-/». ..., s. of.. .., i88:seal. Ur-lil,

1. GIR, 117:7.

2. 100:4. Ur-'' Ma-mi,

1. s. of Lugal-md-guri-ri), 9i:seal.

2. 82:5. Ur-mes, 81:8.

Ur-mi-kisal, 12:18 | 23:21. Ur-'^Ne-gun,

1. />«/<"/: Umma'", i6:seal | 44:seal.

2. 110:4 I 154:9. Ur-nigin-gar,

I. s. of Ur-''Gis-gibil, 173:6.

2. f. of A-kal-la, dup-sar, ii7:seal |

121 :seal | I28:seal.^

3. f. of Lugal-ga. . ., I39:seal.

4. f. of Lugal-gud-e, I47:seal.

5. f. of Lugal. . . ., I49:seal.

6. f. of Ur-dul-du-e, dup-sar, 2:seal |

6:seal | 5i:seal | 77:seal | 127: seal I 181 :seal.

7. GIR, and pisan-dub-ba, 169:10.

8. simug, 142:6.

9. 42:4 I 88:5. Ur-nu, sukkal, 139:3. Ur-'^Nu-mus-da, 139:4. Ur-''Nun-gal,

1. s. of Ur-'^Sara, pisan-dub-ba-sag,

2. 12:11 I 25:19 I 45:42 I 92:6. Ur-''Sin,

1. lu, 105:3.

2. 81:2. Ur-'^Sara,

1. s. of As-ni-ibF, 104:4.

2. s. of Ur-dingir-ra, pisan-dub-ba-

sag, I30:seal.

3. f. of Ur-'^ Nun-gal, dup-sar, 3 :seal

I 5:seal | 7:seal | io:seal | 12: seal I 23:seal | 25:seal.

Ur-su, 54:2.

Ur-suF..., f. of Ur-''Ba-u, dup-sar, 46: seal.

Ur-tur, 150:3 1 159:9 I 160:5.

Ur-ur-me, 154:3.

Ur-'^UTU,

I. nubanda-gud, 183:3.

2- 544- Ur-zu, 102:7. Ur..:., PA, 132:5. Ur. . ., s. of . . ., 42:seal. Ur ..., f. of Lugal-azag{-zu), dup-sar, 11:9

seal. ■Ur, 48:2181:14184:5185:3 186:5189:41

94:4 I 96:3 I 97:3 I 98:4 I 99:4.

35

''UR-RA-kal, 83:2.			Warad-'^Nannar,
Uru-ka-gi-na, 33b 4 \|	343:3	1 34b :3 1	I. s. of Sin-i-ki-sa-am, I7:seal.
34c:2 1 34d:2	1 35:3	1 363:2, 5	2. warad Sin-i-din-nam, I7:seal.
1 36b:i.			Za-ab-um, re'u, 187:2.
Uru-na-ka-a, 49:5.			Zi-li, 160:4.
JJs-mu, 15:14.			{''En)-zti, 6:8.
''UTU-uhnn-gal, 151:5.			. . . .''Nin-Iubur, 94:5.

Names of Deities.

^Adad (cf. ^Ramman), see -na-sir, E-,

Nu-ur-. An-na{A-na),

1. 11:2 I 40:8 I 41:12 I 95:15 I 131:6

I 160:12 I 170:5 I 180:9.

2. see z\so-sdr-gilb-bi, E-, Ezen-, Ur-e-. ^Ba-u,

1. 34a:i | 34b:i | 340:1 | 34d:i |

35:1 I 36a:i.

2. see also E-, Ur-. "^ Bur-'' Sin,

1. 23:8 I 44:19 ! 45:9 I 88:2.

2. see also Ezen-. ''Da-gan, see E-BA-SA-IS-. ''Du, see A-.

^Dumu-zi,

1. 44:31 I 45:28.

2. see also Lii-, Ur — da, and the

names of the months. Dun, see E-, Ur-. ''Dun-gi,

1. 23:6 I 44:16 I 45:8, 28? I 135:20 I

154:8.

2. see also -ra-a, -uru-mu, Ezen-, Lu-,

Lu — ra.

''Dun-pa-e, see Ur-.

•'En-ki{Ea), 51:9 | 86:2.

•'En-lU{-la),

I. 143:9 I 23:10 I 25:24 I 37:13 1 38:18 I 44:21 1 45:20 I 89:2 I 114:7 I 121:7 I 131:3 I 141:6 I

151:8 I 156:6 i 159:13 I 168:3 I 170:3 I 176:10 I 180:13. 2. see also -me, Lii-, Lugal — ki, Ur-. ^En-zu{Sin),

1. 6:8 I 37:seal | 38:seal | 42:7.

2. see also -eris{PIN), -i-din-na-

{-am), -i-din-nam, -i-ki-sa-am, -i- vii-ti, -im-gur-an-ni, -ma{-gir), -na-da, ''Bur-, Ezen-'' Bur-, ''Gimil-, ''l-bi-, Lii-, Nu-ur-,

''Ri-im-, Ur-.

"En.

1. 44:29 I i85:seal.

2. see also Gimil-, Lugal-. ''Erin, see Lu — ka. ''Gis-gibil, see Ur-.

''Gu-la,

1. 23:12 I 44:23 I 45:16, 29.

2. see also Si-li-. ''Ha-ni, see Lu-. Igi-sag-sag, see Lu-.

hn-mi-hu, see -ud-ud. ''iNANNAilstar),

1. 8:2 I I4b:3 I 31:9

I 117:10 I 139:8 I 177:2] 184:5.

2. see also E-. ''Ka,

1. I47:seal.

2. see also Lu-''SU-. ''Ka-di, see Lugal-, Ur-.

50:14 I 115:10 149:17 I 161:2

36

^KAL{Lama), see Ur-a-.

''Kar-ra, 44:30 | 45:25.

Kur-u-e, see the names of the months.

''Ma-mi, see Ur-.

''Marduk, see -na-si{-ir).

''Mari-tu?), i82:seal.

Me-ki-gal, see Ezen-.

Mi-kisal, see Ur-.

'^Na-na-a, see E-.

''Nannar.

1. 11:3 I 40:8 I 41:12 I 48:6 I 86:11 I

97:7 I 169:12 I 175:12 I 176:3.

2. see also -dalla, Warad-. ^Ne-gun, see Ur-, and the names of the

months. ^Nergal, see £-. ''Nin-a-zu, see Ki-sig-. ''Nin-'^Da-Sir-pur-la-ki, 44:33 | 45:31. ''Nin-dul-dti-e, 44:32. '^Nin-gir-su, 36b :i. ^Nin-ib{-gal), 44:27 | 45:24. ''Nin-lil, 143:10 I 25:25 I 37:14 I 38:19 I

114:8. ^Nin i-m ar?) -^4,45:30. __ ''Nin-subur,

I- 94:5-

2. see also -tu-u?-ra? . . ., Lu-.

''Nin-ur-ra, 82:13 | 144:3, 9.

Nu-mus-da, see Ur-. ''Nun-gal, see Ur-. ''Pa, see Dingir-, E-. ''Pa-gis-gibil-sag, 83 :9. ''Ramman (cf. ^Aiai),

1. 28:seal.

2. see also I-na-tii?-.

^Samas (cf. ''UTU), see -i. . ., -ku-li, -ma-an-sum, -ma-gir, -mas-im- la-an-ni, A-bil-, E-, U-har-.

''Sara (LJGAB-\-IGI—GUNU).'

1. 6:3 I 13:3 I I4a:3 | 15:11 | 23:3, 4

I 44:10, 13 I 45:4, 6 I 77:3 I 90:2 I 98:seal | 104:8 | I3i:seal I 141:3 I 120:3.

2. see also -kam, -mii, -ne-ka, -ni-

zu, -za-me, Dul-, E-, Inim-, Lu-,

Ur-. "SU, see Lu~''Ka. ^SU . . . ., see /,«-. Te-sub, see Azvil-'ar-'-. UR-RA, see -kal, A-bil-, I-bi-, I-din-,

Ka-sa-, Lu-. ''Us-ka-tab-tab, 86:3. ''UTU (cf. ''Samas), see -usum-gal, Dub-

lal-, Lu-, Ur-. ''Za-kar, i:ii | 3:18 | 7:20 | 25:16 | 30:23

I 34:23-

Names of Temples and Houses.

£-A-na, 86:13 I 97:9. E-''Adad, 17:2. E-An-na, see Ur-. E-BA-SA-IS-''Da-gan, 39:7 | 54:8 | 89:8

I 98:8 I 124:8 I 177:3 1 186:7. E-''Ba-u, 17:6. E-bar, 44:25 | 45:26. El-Dun, 119:4. E-gal-la, 167:6. E-gar-ba, 85:2. E-Gu-la, see Ur-.

1-b.ar, 88:3 I 89:3 I 94:10 I 99:1 I 108:4. E-IB, 31:11 I 38:21 I 40:10 I 41:15 I 43:1 I 5o:i5|is6:4|i68:2|i75:2| 176:2; I-'' I star, 17:3. E-ma}}, see Lugal — e, Ur-. E-''Na-na-a, 17:4. E-^Nergal, 17:5. 2-nun-na, see Ur-. £-Pa, 103:6. E-'' Samas, 17:1. E-''Sara, 150:9.

' For the reading ''Sara, see the forthcoming Yale Babylonian Texts by Clay.

.37

Names of Officials, Etc.

azag-gim, 148:5, seal.

bal, 150:3.

dam-gar, 80:4.

dup-sar, i :seal | 2:seal | 3:seals | 5:seals I 6:seal | 7:seals | io:seals | ii:seal | I2:seals | I7:seal | 23: seals I 25:seals | 29:seal | 30: seal I 32:seal | 45:seal | 46:seal I 48:seal 1 49:seal | 5i:seal | 53:seal | 7i:seal | 72:seal | 76: seal I 77:seal | 88:seal | ii2:seal | Ii3:seal ] Ii4:seal | ii5:seal | Ii6:seal | Ii7:seal | Ii8:seal | Ii9:seal | I20:seal { I2i:seal | I24:seal | I25:seal | I26:seal | I27:seal | I28:seal | I29:seal | I30:seal | I32:seal | I38:seal | I39:seal | I40:seal | I4i:seal | I45:seal | I49:seal | I56:seal | i62:seal | 169:11 | i8i:seal.

e-ri-sa, 20a:3 | 213:4 I 2ic:4 | 2id:5 | 216:4.

erin, 179:6.

''essedu, i8a:i | i8b:i | 182:1 1 185:1 | 188:3.

''e-sa?, 190:4.

gd-su-du (cf. ka-si-du), 44:9 | 45:13 1 147: seal.

gal-kalam{ma), 33b:3.

GIR, 1:13 I 3:20 I 5:15

I 13:6 I 143:5 22g:3 I 22h:3 30:24 I 32:14 I

I 7:22 I 8:5 I 12:9 I I4b:i I 196:3 I I 23:14 I 25:17 I 44:9. 39 I 45:12, 15 I 46:9? I 49:11 1 53:2 I 77:4 I

80:17 107:8 123:4 140:5

86:9 I 87:3 115:6 I 117:7 124:3 i 127:7 152:4 I 157:2 I

I 168:6 I 169:4, 5, 10

95:11 I I 122:7 I 1 133:6 I

159:2, 3 179:3, 4-

Gm-sig-ga, 95:12 I 169:4, 5 I 179:3, 4.

ka-gur, 107:7.

ka-si-du (cf. ga-su-du), 23:15 j 32:15 |

44:39 I 45:15- kal, 49:6 I 116:8 I 117:4 I 119:2 I 124:1,4

I 125:1 I 126:1 I 127:1, 4 j 128:1

I 129:1. lu, 49:9 I 83:5 I 102:2 I 105:2, 3, 4, 5, 6. lu-gud, 154:12.

lu-ku-mal, 116:2 I 128:1 I 162:2. lu-me, 108:8. lu-sim, 136:2. LUM?, 156:7. md-du-du (cf. mus-du-du), 91:6 | 108:10 |

134:863!. mar-sa, 171:2. mu, 42:863! I 160:11. mus-du-du (cf. md-du-du), 135:15. nagaru, 82:7 | 120:4. naqidu, 57:2 | 58:2 | 59:2 \ 60:2 | 61:2 |

66:2 I 67:2 I 68:2 I 69:2 I 70:2. ni-du, 159:12.

nubanda, 16:2 | 80:17 I 101:5 I I35:7- nuhanda-gud, 93:6 | 183:3. PA, 53:3 I 101:4 I 113:8 I 115:7 I 116:12

I 117:6 I 119:6 I 120:5 I 121:4 I

124:6 I 125:5 I 126:7 I 127:9 I

129:5 I 132:5 I 135:23 I 162:4 I

179:7 I 183:3- patesi, 1:14 I 15:15 I i6:s63! | 26:8 | 30:25

I 32:863! I 37:863! I 38:seal | 44:

41, seal I 45:37 I 47:22, seal |

140:2 I 147:7 I 151:3 I 174:2. pisan-dub-ba, 37:seal | 38:seal | 93:7 |

169:10. pisan-dub-ba-sag, 3:seal | 5:863! | 7:863! |

io:se3l I 12:863! I 23:863! I 25:

863! I 130:863!.

38

re'u (cf. sib), 796:2 | 187:2, 4.

rim, i:il | 2:15 | 3:18 | 5:13 | 7:20 |

I 25:15 I 30:22. sab, i8a:i | i8b:i | 22b:i | 157:1 | il

4, 6 I 190:2. sag-engar, ii2:seal. sag-ma-lugal, 72:seal. sib (cf. rir'w),

1. db-ku, 169:5 I 178:4 I 179:5.

2. dun, 333:5.

3. 54:seal.'' | 116:11.

4. see also -dingir-ra.

simug, 142:6. 12:8 sabra, ii:i | 82:9 | 154:7 | 175:6.

sakkanaku, 37:seal | 38:seal | 52:seal. '°''' satammu, 17:10 | 112:7 | 126:8.

sim, 135:10.

sukkal, 119:7.

sukkal ni-du, 24:seal | 39:seal | 43:seal 74:seal.

sukkal rim, 7:22.

sutug?{UH-ME), 135:19.

us-ku, loi :3.

Names of Patesi.

A-kal-la, patesi Umma'", 47:seal. Da-da, patesi Umma'", 32:seal. I sib-pa-he, patesi, 26:7.

Ur-'^Ne-gun, patesi Umma'", i6:seal 44:seal.

Names of Places.

A-dug-ga!'', 49:8 1 133:5.

A-dug-ga-li''' , 180:9.

A-ga-de''' (Akkad), 103:2, 4, 5, 8, 10.

An-sa-an''', 56:3 | 102:10 | 142:10 | 175:8,

10. As-nun'" (Asnunak), 17:12. Eridu''', 1:17 I 2:18 I 3:23 I 23:20 I 44:43

I 47:23 I 78:6 I 88:7 I 105:101

178:7. Ga-if/*', 107:10. Gan-har'", 110:8. Gt7*', 44:20 I 45:21. ffa-ar-si''', 43:5 | 127:11 1 128:8 | 135:25

I 176:5- I/u-bi-ti''' (for fju-mur-ti'"), 128:9. ffu-hu-nu-ri'", 80:19 | 82:17. yu-!}u-u(}-ri''', 138:15.

23:4 I 44:13 I 45:6, 29. I 99:8 I 116:16 I 119:8 I 127:12 I 134:7 I 135:25 I 145:7 I 148:8 I 162:6

173:9

179:10. 38:sea!.

Hu-uh-nu-ri''', 30:28 | 71:3 | 73:5.

'in ANN A''', 103:12.

Ka-is''*, 124:2.

Kar-zi-da, 86:12 | 97:8 | 169:12 | 175:12. Tum-tur"', 47:14.

' X = No. 105 bis in Recherches sur L'origine de I'Ecriture Cuneiforme, by Thureau-Dangin.

Ki-an'", 143:4 | Ki-mas''*, 43:6

120:7

143:6

163:10. Lu-lu-bu'", 133:10 Lu-lu- Z'*'', 96:8. {Mas)-gan-sar-um'", 37:seal Nibru'", 129:3 I 135:21. Si-ma-num'", 5:19 | 10:17 I 13:11 I 15:19

I 46:12 I 49:12 I 112:9 I 158:6 I

171:5- Si-mu-ru-um'" , 81:16

133:9 I 173:8 Su-ka-ma-er'", 92:8. Sa-as-ru-um'", 45:39 |

170:10 I 184:6. Sa-as-su-ru'", 166:5.

Sir-pur-la''' {Lagas), 33b:6 | 363:7 | 45:31. Tu-ma-al, 42:2.

90:10 179:9.

96:9

113:11 I 165:10

,ki

39

Umma" {Jokha), 5:14 | 12:8 | i6:seal | 23:3, 12 I 32:seal | 44:10, 23, seal I 45:4, 17 1 47:seal | 87:2 | 103:6 I 105:8 I 127:5 I 129:2 I 150:9 I 151:3 I 180:7.

Ur-bil-lum'", 74:4 | 126:10 | 136:9, 11 | 137:7 I 140:8 I 167:9 I 176:8.

Urtik'" {Erech), 8:3 | 31:9 | 50:14 | 52:seal.

Za-ab-sa-H''', 143:14 | 92:11 | 93:13 | 130:8 I 146:10 I 147:8.

^Za-kar-*''Gir-su''\ i:il | 3:19 | 7:20 | 25:16 I 30:23.

Names of Canals.

^''Qa-la, 162:3, ai'' '" Su-du-, 86:4. ^''Ni-sum-dug, 128:4.

"

Gir-su, see ''Za-kar-.

Names of Months.

89:7 137:5-

107:9

116:

Jbum, 2oa:5 | 157:3. Addarum, 187:6. Ajarum, 183:5 | 188:10, A-ki-ti, 24:2 I 72:2. Dirig, 13:10 I 15:18 16 I 134:6 Dirig-Se-kin-kud, 41 :9. ''Dumu-zi, 5:18 I 85:6

149:15 Duzum, 17:11. £-itu-as, 45:38 Elulum, 20b :8 | Ezen-An-na, 38:14 | 43:4 Ezen-'^Bur-'^Sin, 23:19. Ezen-^Dun-gt, 1:15 | 12:12 ] I4b:2 | 32:11

108:13 I I 160:15 I 181:7.

84:6 I 146:7. 22h:4 I 79d:3, 6. 75:3-

143:5

131:2 139:6.

147:6.

I 80:18 I 104:9 Ezen-mah, 40:6 1 46:10 | Ezen-Me-ki-gal, 3 1 -.7. Ki-sig-^Nin-a-zu, 37:9 | 73:4 Kur-u-e, 30:26 | 32:12 1 88:6 | Mas-du-ku, 41:8 1 165:6. Min-ab, 3:22 | 10:16 | 32:8 | 81:10

I 92:9 I 142:9. ' X = No. 63 in Scheil, Recueil de Stones.

I 150:6. 93:12.

82:16

^Ne-gun, 8:1 I 32:10 I 83:11 I 133:8 I 148:7. Nisannum, i8b:4 | 22i:4 | 182:3 | 185:4.

Ri, 96:7 I J3i:5-

Sig-gis-ni-sub-ba-gar, 2:17 | 32:2 | 48:4. Sig-gis-ni-sub-ba-gd-ra, 99 :J. Se-kar-ra-gal-la, 7:24 | 25:21 | 94:11 |

110:6 I 126:9. Se-kar-ra-gar-la, 121:6. Se-te-gal-la, 128:6. Se-kin-kud, 13:9 | 143:11 | 15:17 | 32:1 [

39:5 I 71:1 I 86:8 I 97:6 I 132:71

159:19 I 165:7 I 181:6. Se-sag-kud, 54:7 | 105:9. Ses-da-ku, 74:3 ] 155:5. Su-es-sa, 50:12 | 56:2. Su-numun, 81:9 | 90:9 | 91:7 | 138:14 |

145:6. Su-numun-na, 32:7 | 180:12. Tasritum, 196:4 | 22g:4. U-bi-ku, 29:2 I 39:3.

JVarahsamna, 79b :i I | 189:14, 15 | 190:9. X\ 44:42 I 98:7 I 113:10 I 118:5 1 144:15 I

152:5-

40

CATALOGUE

CATALOGUE.

Text. I	Plates I	. Reign. Bur-Sin
2 3 4	I 2 2	Bur-Sin Bur-Sin Gimil-Sin
S	3	Gimil-Sin
6	3	Sin
7	4	Gimil-Sin
8	4	Dungi

lO

II

12

13

4 mu us-sa nm ns-sa-bi

5 Gimil-Sin

5 Bur-Sin

6 Gimil-Sin 6 Gimil-Sin

14a 6 Ur Dynasty

14b 6 Dungi

15 7 Gimil-Sin

16 7 Ur Dynasty

17 7 mu As-nun''* ba-hul

Year.	Month.	Day.	M.L.C,
8	10	30	2327
8	2		2331
8	7	30	2306
4			2323
3	12	30	2329
I	.		2324
S	3	29	2308
53	9		2303 2321
3	7		2333
4			2301
4	10	30	2313
3			2316

53 3

2315

2304 2318

2302 2517

Provenance and Contents.

Jokha. Label. List of a messenger's offering.

Jokha. Same.

Jokha. Label for food and meal.

Jokha. Label. Offering of a messenger from Jokha.

Jokha. Label for meal sent as food.

Jokha. Label. Offering of different products.

Jokha. Bulla. The GIR is Lu-dingirra.

Tag for a consignment of clay pots.

Jokha. Label for an offering.

Drehem. Bulla for a pay- ment to the priest.

Jokha. Label. Offering of a messenger from Jokha.

Jokha. Label. An amount, with its increase, sent for thirteen months.

Jokha. Label. An amount, with its increase, sent for two years.

Drehem. Bulla. The GIR is Lu-dingirra.

Jokha. Label for grain re- ceived as dues for the king, and as fodder for animals.

Jokha. Bulla. The nnbanda is Akalla.

Larsa. Label. List of sheep sent to different temples.

43

Text. Plates. Reign.

1 8a 8 Rim-Sin

i8b	8	Rim-Sin
19a	8	Larsa Dynasty
19b	8	Do.
19c	8	Do.
I9d	8	Do.
ige	8	Do.

20a 8 Do.

20b 8 Samsu-iluna

20c 8 First Dynasty

2ia 9 Larsa Dynasty

2ib 9 Do.

21c 9 Do.

2id 9 Do.

2ie	9	Do.
22a	9	Do.
22b	9	Rim-Sin
22c	9	Larsa Dynasty
22d	9	Do.
22e	9	Do.
22f	9	Do.
22g	9	Do.
22h	9	Do.
23	10	Bur-Sin
24	10	Bur-Sin
25	II	Gimil-Sin

Ye.4R. Month. Day. M.L.C.

I 2 4 2474

I II 2475 2476

2477

2478

2479 7 19 2480

2481

6 9 2482

2496 2483

2484

2485

2486

2487 2488

1 26 2489

2490

2491

2492

2493

7 9 2494

6 21 249s

do..- Ji

(?)

8 Ezen- Bur- Sin 2312 I 6

3

29

I8li

230s

Provenance and Contents,

Larsa. Tag referring to the price of a harvester for one day.

Larsa. Tag referring to the price of five harvesters.

Larsa. Bulla for a consign- ment of bricks.

Larsa. Same.

Same.

Larsa. Record for a consign- ment of bricks.

Bulla for a quantity of grain received in exchange for bricks.

Bulla for quantities of grain.

Bulla for an amount of silver.

Larsa. Bulla for grain re- ceived.

Same.

Larsa. Bulla for grain and oil received.

Larsa. Bulla for quantities of wine and grain.

Larsa. Bulla for grain.

Larsa. Bulla for a consign- ment of bricks.

Larsa. Bulla for grain for laborers.

Larsa. Bulla for one half sar of bricks.

Larsa. Bulla for a consign- ment of bricks.

Same.

Larsa. Record of a con- signment of bricks.

Same.

Jokha. Label for animals offered to different deities.

Drehem. Bulla for a. pay- ment to the elder.

Jokha. Label for an offering by a messenger.

44

Text. Plates. Reign.

26 II Isib-pa-be, patesi

27 II Gimil-Sin

28 II First Dynasty

29 1 1 Ur Dynasty

30 12 Bur-Sin

31 12 Dungi

32 13 Ibi-Sin

33a 13 Lugal-anda period

33 b 13 Uru-kagina

fEAR.	Month.	Day.	M.L.C
I 4	7		2497 2364 860
	3		2352
7	II	14	2307
S3	II		2338
I			2314

1484

2326

34a	14	Do.				2498
34b	14	Do.				2499
34c	14	Do.				2500
34<1	14	Do.				2501
35	14	Do.				2502
36a	15	Do.				2503
36b	15	Do.				2325
37	15	Gimil-Sin		6	4	.1822
38	16	Gimil-Sin		6	10	2339
39	16	Dungi		SO		2340
40	17	Bur-Sin		4	9	2341
41	17	Bur-Sin		4		2342
42	17	... .Sin		X		2344
43	17	Dungi		58	10	2343
44	18	Bur-Sin		8	4	2310
45	19	mu Sa-as-ru'"	a-du		8	23 1 1

2-kam ba-hul

Provenance and Contents.

Archive Label.

Tag for a lot of tablets taken away.

Bulla with a seal impression.

Drehem. Bulla for a con- signment on the thirtieth day.

Jokha. Label. List of a messenger's offering.

Drehem. Label. List of animals sent by the king.

Jokha. Label. List of sheep as a propitiatory sacrifice for eight months.

Label. Quantities of drink and ni-dun sent by a shep- herd.

Bulla addressed to the official of a fortress.

Bulla with a votive inscription.

Same.

Drehem. Label for slaugh- tered animals received.

Drehem. Same.

Drehem. Label taken

for ten months.

Drehem. Label for cattle sent out.

Drehem. Label for slaugh- tered oxen and sheep re- ceived.

Drehem. Label for slaugh- tered sheep received.

Drehem. Label for an ex- penditure from a storehouse.

Jokha. Label for sheep of- fered to different deities.

Jokha. Label for sheep of- fered to the gods.

45

Text. Plates. Reign.

46 20 Gimil-Sin

47 20 Bur-Sin

48 20 Dungi

49 21 Gimil-Sin

50 21 Bur-Sin

51 21 Gimil-Sin

52 22 Ur Dynasty

53	22	Ur Dynasty
54	22	Dungi
55	22	Ur Dynasty
56	22	Dungi
57	23	First Dynasty
58	23	Do.
59	23	Do.
60	23	Do.
61	23	Do.
62	23	Do.
63	23	Do.
64	23	Do.
65	23	Do.
66	23	Do.
67	23	Do.
68	23	Do.
69	23	Do.
70	23	Do.
7J	24	Bur-Sin

72 24 Bur-Sin

73 24 Bur-Sin

74 24 Bur-Sin

75 24 Bur-Sin

76 24 Ur Dynasty

^EAR.	Month. Day.	M.L.C.	Provenance and Contents.
3	9	2345	Drehem. Label for slaugh- tered sheep received from Ur.
8		2334	Jokha. Label. List of ani- mals.
54	2	2356	Jokha. Tag for a goat skin.
3		2346	Jokha. Label for skins and sinews.
5	8	2347	Drehem. Label for animals sent by the king.
2		2348	Jokha. Label for skins and sinews.
		2357	Tag for slaughtered oxen and sheep.
		2358	Tag for four kids.
49	12	2359	Drehem. Label for an ox received.
		2349	Drehem. Label for grain.
44	8	2360	Drehem. Tag for two sheep.
		1272	Sheep tag.
		1 166	Ewe tag.
		2361	Same.
		II9I	Same.
		1080	Sheep tag.
		II7I	Goat tag.
		839	Same.
		2518	Ewe tag.
		1 167	Goat tag.
		1274	Ewe tag.
		1255	Sheep tag.
		1229	Same.
		2362	Ewe tag.
		2363	Tag for a large kid.
7	12 30	2336	Drehem. Label for an expen- diture on the thirtieth day.
3	6 30	2351	Drehem. Bulla for a pay- ment to the elder.
7	4	2337	Drehem. Same.
2	2 29	1819	Drehem. Label for an expen- diture on the twenty-ninth day.
I	10	2365	Drehem. Tag for the ex- penses of an individual.
		2366	Bulla with a seal impression.

46

Text. Plates. Reign.

77 25 Gimil-Sin

78 25 Bur-Sin

79a 25 Larsa Dynasty

79b 25 Do.

79c 25 Do.

79d 25 Do.

79e 25 Do.

80 26 Bur-Sin

81 26 Dungi

82 26 Bur-Sin

83 27 mu dumu lugal

84 27 Gimil-Sin

85 27 mu us-sa

86 27 Dungi

87 27 Gimil-Sin

88 28 Bur-Sin

89 28 Dungi

90 28 Dungi

91 28 Gimil-Sin

92 29 Gimil-Sin

93 29 Gimil-Sin

94 29 Gimil-Sin

95 29 Bur-Sin

96 30 Dungi

97 30 Dungi

98 30 Dungi

99 30 Dungi 100 31 Prior to the Ur Dynasty

loi 31 Prior to the Ur Dynasty

102 31 Dungi 44

103 31 Prior to the Ur Dynasty

Ykak.	MoNiii. Day. M.L.C.	Provenance and Contents.
4		2320	Jokha. Label for meal sent as food.
8		2367	Tag for a quantity of the ash-gTix'm.
		2504	Sheep tag.
		2516	Same.
		2505	Bulla for quantities of grain.
		2506	Bulla for grain.
		2473	Sheep tag.
7	10	2368	Jokha. Label for grain.
42		2369	Jokha. Same.
7	7	2370	Jokha. Same.
	9	2371	Jokha. Same.
5	8	2372	Jokha. Tag for an offering of grain.
	12	2373	Jokha. Same.
46	12	2378	Drehem. Same.
4		237s	Tag for a cargo of grain to

II

49	13
3S	6
I	6
7	7
7	II
I	3
4
54	5
47	I
49	4
57	2

Jokha.

2376 Jokha. Tag for an offering

of grain.

2377 Jokha. Same.

2379 Jokha. Label for an offering

of fish. 2508 Jokha. Label for two objects for a ship.

2380 Jokha. Label for grain from

two individuals.

2381 Jokha. Label for grain. 2374 Jokha. Label for grain as

fodder for animals.

2383 Label for provisions received

from an individual.

2386 Jokha. Label for goats re-

ceived. 2385 Jokha. Tag for grain re- ceived as fodder.

2387 Jokha. Same.

2382 Jokha. Same.

2388 Label for amounts from dif-

ferent individuals. 2434 Slave tag.

2390 Label for five hides sent out.

2391 Label for quantities of oil.

47

Text. Plates. Reigk. Year. Month. Day.

104 31 Ur Dynasty 10

105 31 Bur-Sin 8 I

106 32 Gimil-Sin i

107 32 mu en Ga-es'" ba-tug

108 32 mu dumu lugal

109 32 Ur Dynasty no 32 Dungi

III 32 Ur Dynasty

125 36 Bur-Sin

41

112 113	33 33	Gimil-bin Bur-Sin	3 6
114 IIS	33 34	Gimil-Sin Bur-Sin	8 5
116	34	Dungi	S6
117	34	Bur-Sin	S
118 119 120	34 35 35	Bur-Sin Dungi Dungi	6 56 S6
121 122 123 124	35 35 35 36	Bur-Sin Ur Dynasty Ur Dynasty Dungi	3 SI

126 127	36 36	Dungi Dungi	S6 S8
128	37	Dungi	59
129	37	Gimil-Sin	I

13

12

13

M.L.C. 2392 2393 2394 2395

2396

2397 2398

2399 2400 2401

2402 2403

2404

2405

2406 2407 2408

2409 2410 241 1 2412

2413

2414 2509

2416

2417

Provenance and Contents.

Jokha. Label for grain.

Jokha. Same.

Tag. An order for grain.

Jokha. Tag for the rations of an individual.

Jokha. Label for grain.

Tag. An order for grain.

Jokha. Tag for grain re- ceived.

Tag for garments.

Tag for grain as revenue.

Jokha. Tag for a kind of payment in connection with work on a field.

Tag for grain.

Jokha. Tag for a kind of payment to two officials in charge of a field.

Jokha. Label for the wages of laborers.

Tag for the rations of labor- ers employed on a field.

Jokha. Tag for interest grain. •

Label for wages.

Jokha. Tag for a kind of payment to an official in charge of a field.

Jokha. Same.

Tag for oxen and sheep.

Same.

Tag for a kind of payment to officials.

Tag for the rations of a num- ber of men employed on a field.

Jokha. Tag for wages.

Jokha. Tag for a kind of payment to men gone to Ur and Jokha.

Jokha. Tag for the wages of laborers.

Tag for a kind of payment to men going from Jokha to Nippur.

48

Text. Plates. Reign. Year. Month. Day. M.L.C. Provenance and Contents.

130 37 Gimil-Sin 6 2418 Tag for grain.

131 38 Ur Dynasty 2419 Tag for a kind of payment.

132 38 Gimil-Sin 4 12 2420 Drehem. Tag for a kind of

payment to female ser- vants.

133 38 Dungi 54 9 2415 Jokha. Tag. Cost of mak- ing a garment.

134 38 Dungi 56 13 2422 Jokha. Tag for binding reeds

received.

135 39 Dungi 58 2469 Label. List of binding reeds.

54	9	241 S
56	13	2422
S8		2469 2470
2	13	2423
7	6	2424
S	9	2425

141	40	Dur-Sm	3		2427
142	41	Dungi	4S	7	2510
143	41	Dungi	57	12	2429
M4	41	Bur-Sin	8	4	2430
HS	41	Dungi	58	6	2428
146	42	Gimil-Sin	7	8	2433

136 39 Ur Dynasty 2470 Label. List of wood and

reeds received.

137 39 Bur-Sin 2 13 2423 Jokha. Label for reeds.

138 40 Bur-Sin 7 6 2424 Jokha. Label for wood.

139 40 Bur-Sin 5 9 2425 Drehem. Tag for wooden

articles.

140 40 Bur-Sin 2 2426 Tag for a quantity of oil

received from the patesi.

Label for an offering of reeds.

Jokha. Label for copper articles.

Jokha. Same.

Jokha. Same

Jokha. Same.

Jokha. Tag for silver re- ceived.

147 42 Dungi x-l-28 7 1038 Drehem. Tag for silver sent

as interest on dates.

148 42 Dungi 57 9 2431 Jokha. Tag for silver paid to

a silversmith.

149 42 Bur-Sin 5 12 2432 Jokha. Tag for quantities of

different kinds of drink.

150 43 Gimil-Sin 9 4 2435 Drehem. Tag for a quantity

of flour.

151 43 Bur-Sin 3 2436 Label for oil from the patesi

of Jokha.

152 43 Gimil-Sin 6 4 2437 Jokha. Tag for grain.

153 43 Ur Dynasty 2438 Tag for garments.

154 43 mu dumu lugal 2439 Label for grain.

155 44 Ur Dynasty 2 2440 Drehem. Tagfor jars of food.

156 44 Ur Dynasty 2354 Bulla referring to a transac-

tion at a storehouse.

157 44 First Dynasty 5 26 2441 Tag for the rations of seven-

teen soldiers under a GIR.

49

Text. Plates. Reign.

158 44 Gimil-Sin

159 45 Gimil-Sin

160 45 mu dumti lugal

Year. Month.

3

Dav.

161	45	Gimil-Sin
162	45	Dungi
163	46	Dungi
164	46	Gimil-Sin
165	46	Bur-Sin
166	46	muSa-as-su-ru
167	46	Ur Dynasty
168	46	Ur Dynasty
169	47	Bur-Sin
170	47	Ur Dynasty
171	47	Do.
172	47	Do.
173	47	Dungi
174	47	Ur Dynasty
175	48	Do.
176	48	Do.
177	48	Dungi
178	48	Ur Dynasty
179	48	Dungi
180	.48	Bur-Sin
181	49	Bur-Sin
182	49	SSmsu-iluna.'
183	49	Gimil-Sin
184	49	Ur Dynasty
185	49	First Dynasty

(?)

4

57

5 6

12

186 49 Dungi

187 50 First Dynasty

188 50 Ammidatana

189 50 Larsa Dynasty

190 50 First Dynasty

54

51

54 3 I

49

(?)

6

12

I

12

2 8 8

15

M.L.C.	Provenance and Contents.
2355	Jokha. Label for garments
	received.
2471	Drehem. Label. List of
	animals.
2511	Jokha. Label for a grain
	account.
2512	Archive Label.
2444	Label for the wages of la-
	borers.
2445	Archive Label.
2446	Same.
2447	Drehem. Same.
2448	Same.
2449	Same.
2450	Same.
2451	Same.
2452	Same.
2472	Same.
2453	Same.
2454	Same.
2455	Same.
2513	Same.
2457	Same.
2458	Same.
2459	Same.
2514	Same.
2515	Jokha. Same.
2421	Jokha. Slave tag.
964	Bulla for the rations of seven
	harvesters.
2464	Archive Label.
2456	Same.
1565	Bulla for the rations of three
	harvesters.
2465	Tag for grain as the deficit of
	a transaction.
2466	Tag for amounts from two
	shepherds.
1396	Tag for the rations of temple
	servants.
2507	Bulla for quantities of grain
	as rations.
2468	Bulla for wages.

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Plate I

BULLAE OR LABELS >»C» 1-5 B. 9, TIME OF THE LARSA DYNASTY HO» « 7. TIME OF UPU-KAGINA

Plate I

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BULLAE OR LABELS

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BULLAE OR LABELS TIME or THK UR DYNASTY

Plate II

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16

Plate III

17

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