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Box 1556 : 13
Rationale of the Catalogue System In 1966 there was published^ a list and map of California tribal groups organized by linguistic stock as identified by Dr. i\/lerriam. This classification has been used as the basis for the present catalogue, and the list is reproduced below for easy reference. Each linguistic stock has been assigned a letter of the alphabet in the order in which it appears in the list; thus, A is for Athapascan, B Is for Polikia (Yurok), C is for Soolahteluk (Wlyot) and so on. Tribal groups are numbered in the appended list which is both a classification and a map key. The various categories of data in the collection have been assigned a code reference as follows: N: lists of names of bands, tribes or villages G: Ethnogeography (information referring mainly to tribal boundaries) E: Ethnographic information V: Vocabularies (field recordings of Indian words written by l\/lerriam in
printed schedules) BL: Brief linguistic recordings (a not very extensive file of
miscellaneous data, mainly recorded by Merriam) NH: Natural history word lists (field recordings of Indian words for plants and animals written in printed schedules. Perhaps the most important single lot of unpublished i\/lerriam data.) D: Dictionaries (Indian-English or English-Indian)
CL: Comparative word lists (usually of languages within single stocks. These are taken from the V file and therefore represent l\/lerriam's
preliminary efforts at analyzing language and
variation
within stocks.
The catalogue numbers take the following form:
Example 1. A/1a/G2 (to be read: Athapascan stock/Tolowa
tribe/Ethnogeography manuscript or notes no. 2) Example 2. U/20m/V84 (to be read: Midoo stock/Nlsenan
tribeA^ocabulary no. 84)
1. Heizer, R. F. Lanffuaaes. Territories and Names of California Indians. University of California Press, 1966.
,<.-.-.«■.. ..
t. '..•*■
v-^!
C> Hart Merrlam's Classification of California Indian Tribes
A.
B
D
Athapascan Stock
la* To Iowa or Huss Hoopa group (Hupa)
lb. Hoopa or Tin'- n\ing-hen-na • -o Ic. Ma'-we-nok Id. •Hwll'-kut (Whilkut) le • Ts a • -n\mg-vha
Wllakke group (Wallakl) or Nung'-hahl (Nongatl)
If. Mat-tol' (Mattole)
Ig • Lo-lahn • -kok
Ih . To-cho • -be
11. Lasslck or Ket-tel*
(Lasslk) 1 J . Set-ten-bl • -den Ik . Ts en-nah • -ken-nes U . Che-teg • -ge-kah Im. Bah-ne-ko ke*-ah In . Nek • -kan-nl
(Bear River) lo. Kahto or To-chil-
pe-ke ' -ah-hahng
Polikla Stock (Yurok) 2a. Ner'-er-ner*
(Coast Yurok) 2b. Polikla (Yurok)
Soolahteluk Stock (Wiyot) 3a. Pah'-te-wat 3b. We'-ke 3c . We • -yot
Yukean Stock
Northwestern or Coast Division
Ua. Oo * -ko-ton-til ' -kah Round Valley Division Uh. Oo'-kum-nora kc . Kah * -shut-sit ' -nu Upper South Eel Division Ud. Hootch '-nom he • Wet-oo ' -kiam-nom kf. Tah'-too or
Nar • -ko-po-mah Ug. On-kal-oo'- kum-nom ( Onkolukomnom )
E.
F.
6.
H.
I.
J.
K.
Southern Division (Wappo) Mi-yahk'-mah (Makoma) Uh. Mish'-a-wel band k±. Moo '-tis* -tool band Uj. Mi-yahk-mah band UK. Lil*-lak
Lutuamean Stock 5a. Mo*-dok
Shastan Stock
6a. Kb • -no-me '-ho
(Konomihu) 6b. Wah-te*-roo 6c. Ke*-kaht8 (Klkatslk) 6d . 0-kwahn • -noo-choo 6e . Hah-to-ke • -he-wuk
Achomawan Stock
7a . A-choo • -mah • -we 7b . As -tah-ke-wi • -che
(Astakiwi) 7c. At-wum'-we 7d . Ham-mah • -we 7e . Ha * -we-s 1 • -doo 7f. Il-mah'-we 7g, Ko-se-al-lek'-te 7h. Mo-des'-se
(mahdesi) 7i. To-mal-lin'-
che-moi * 7J. At-soo-ka'-e
(Atsxjgewi) 7k . Ap-woo • -ro-ka * -e 71 . A-me • -che 7m . E-poo ' -de
Karok Stock
8a. Ar*-rahr 8b . Kah-rah ' -ko-hah (Karok)
Tlohomtahhoi Stock
9a • Tlo • -hom-t ah * -hoi (New River Shasta)
Chemareko Stock 10a. Chemai-eko
' •■ •■' ■•■*
.'-:'••• ''•X''-r..y'^j/''H-
♦. '• «■-
•• '-*<■*% :y: ^r'?. • ''^'-fi^ wife ■?s.f ►
^ List taken from R. F. Heizer, Languages ^ Territories and Names of California Indians. Univ. of Calif. Press, 1966 (pp. 37^77^
L. Yahnah Stock i
11a. Yah'-nah
M. Porno Stock
Northern Division or Family 12a . Mah ' -t o-po * -mah 12b . Me-tum ' -mah 12c* Kah'-be-tsim*-
me-po'-mah 12d. Po-mo • -ke-chah • 12e. Mah-soo'-tah- ke'-ah (Masut) 12f. Mah-too'-go 12g* Ki-yow'-bah^*^ (Kalyau) Yoklah-Boyah Division 12h. Bqyah 121. Tah*-bah-ta' 12 j. Lah'-ta 12K. Kan-no* -ah 121. Yo-ki'-ah 12m. She-a'-ko (Shlego) 12n. Sho-ko'-ah or
Sha-nel 12o • Den-nol • -yo-keah 12p . Yo-buk ' -ka ' -ah (Yobutui)
Kah-chi'-ah Division 12q. Kah-chi-ah
Mah • -kah-mo-chum * -mi or We-shum"-tat-tah Division 12 r . Mah ' -kah-mo-
chum • -mi 12s . Shah-kow ' -we-
chum ' -mi 12t. We '-shah •-
ch\am ' -mi 12u . Me-hin-kow • -nah 12v . We-shum ' -tat-tah Han-nah*-bali-^ or Clear Lake Division 12w. Dan-no • -kah 12x. She'-kum (Shigom) 12y . Bo-al-ke * -ah 12z. Ku'-lan-na'-po 12aa. Ha*-be-nap'-po (Khabenapo)
Sho-te'-ah or Stony Creek Division 12bb. Sho-te'-ah (Cheetido)
N.
0.
P.
|
Ham-fo or |
|
|
Lower Lake |
Division |
|
12c c. |
Ham'-fo |
|
(Anamfo) |
|
|
Chumash Stock |
|
|
13a. |
Ah ' -moo |
|
13b. |
Kah* -she- |
|
ll ahs -moo |
|
|
13c. |
Kah'-sah-kom- |
|
pe'-ah |
|
|
13d. |
Kas • -swah |
|
(Cashwah) |
|
|
13e- |
Chu-mahs |
|
13f. |
Hool • -koo-koo |
|
13g. |
Tso-y in * -ne |
|
ah-koo |
|
|
Yuman Stock |
|
|
lUa. |
Mohave |
|
lUb. |
Kam'-me-i |
|
lUc. |
Tis-se'-pah |
|
lUd. |
Diegueno |
|
Il4f. |
Es-kah'-ti |
|
Washoo Stock |
|
|
15a. |
Washoo |
Q.
Esselen Stock
l6a. Esselen
R. Ennesen Stock (Salinan)
17a.
17b.
17c.
Antoniano or Kah-tr i-tam( ? ) Migueletio or Te-po-trahl(?) Lahm-kah- trahm (?)
S. Olhonean Stock (Costanoan)
l8a- l8b. I8c. I8d. l8e.
I8f.
Hor-de-on
Hoo ' -mon-twash
?4oot-soon'
Aches t ah
Kah'-koon or
Room-se-en
Yak ' -shoon
T.
Wintoon Stock
Northern Vintocn 19a. Wintu or
Num'soos Wintoon 19b. Num'-te-pom' or Wintoon TDroper
u.
19c . Nor ' -rel-muk
(Normuk) 19d. Ni-i'-che 19e Daw • -pum Nom~lak-ke or CcntraJL Division 19f. Nom'-lak-ke 19g. Wi-e*-ker'-ril band 19h . Dah ' -chin-chin * -ne 19i. Te-ha'-mah 19 j . No-e-muk
(Norelmiik?) 19k . No-mel • -te-ke • -we
(Ifomecult?) Southern Division (Patwin) 191 . Choo-hel ' -mem-shel 19m- Chen'-po-sel 19n. Lol'-sel band 19o . Klet • -win 19p, Ko-pa or Win(Copeh) 19q. Nan'-noo-ta'-we
or Nap '-pa 19r. Ko'-roo (Korusi) 19s . Pat ' -win 19t. Poo'-e-win
Midoo Stock
Northern Division 20a. Mitchopdo 20b . No ' -t o-koi ' -yu 20c. Sa-ap-kahn-ko
band 20d. Nab • -kalin-ko
band 2Ge» O-so'-ko band Central Division 20f. Kon'-kow or
Ti^-mah (Concow) 20g. Tahn'-kum 20h* Kow'-wahk 20i . Kum-mo • -win Southern Division or Nissenan 20 J . To-sim * -me-nan 20k. Ho*-mah band 201. Nis'-sim
Pa'-we-nan 20m. Nis'-se-nan* 20n . No-to ' -mus * -se
band 20o. Es'-to Nis'-se-nan
band
Mewan Stock (Mi wok)
Me~wuk or Sierra tribes (3 divisions) 21a. Korthern Ke'-wuk 21b. Iioo-ka-go band 21c. Middle Me'-wuk 21d- Southern Me'-wuk 21e. Po-ho'-ne-che band Mew-ko or Plains tribes 21 f. Hul-pora ' -ne
(Hulpumni) 21g . Mo-ko z ' -um-ne
(Mokosumni) 21h. O'-che-hak
(Ochehamni?) 21 i. Wi'-pa (Guaypem;
Khulpuni ) 21J . Han-ne ' -suk 21k. Yatch-a-chuxn'-ne
(Yachikamne) 211. Mo-kal • -um-ne
(Mokelumni) 21m . Chil-um ' -ne 21n. Si'-a-kum'-ne
(Sakayakumne) 21o. Tu-ol'-ura-ne 21p. Saclan In-ne-ko or Coast tribes (Coast Mi wok) 21q. Tu*-le-yo*-me 21r . Hoo • -koa c • -ko 21s . Olamentko 21t . Le-kah • -t e-wuk
(Likatuit)
W. Yokut Stock
22a. 22b. 22c. 22d.
22e.
22f. 22g.
22h. 22i. 22 j.
Heu'-che Chow-chil • -lah Chuck-chan ' -sy To-ko'-lo band (?)
( Toholo ) Tal-lin ' -che
(Dalinchi) Pit-kah*-che Toom'-nah band
(Dumna) Ketch-a'-ye Kum ' -nah Kosh-sho'-o or
Ko-shon (Kassoyo^ Gashowu? )
22k. Ho-ye'-inah 221 . Chu-ki • -ah' 22m . Cho-e-nim ' -ne 22n. Wa'-cha-kut
(Wechikit?) 22o . Cho-ki • -min-nah
(Chukamina) 22p . No-to ' -no-to
(NutiHiutu) 22q. Tah'-che 22r . Wik- chum ' -ne 22s . Ka-we ' -ahs
(Kawia)
22t . Ta- dum • -ne (Telamni) 22u. Choo^-nut 22v. Choi '-nook or
Cho'-nook or
Choo'-enu or
Wa-da'-she 22w. Yo'-kol or
Yo-o'-kul or
Yo ' -a-kud ' -dy 22x. Yow-lan'-che (Yaulanchi) 22y. No-chan'-itch band 22z. Ko-yet'-te 22aa. Pal-low '-yam '-me (Paleuyami)
22bb. Wo'-wul
(Wolasi) 22cc. Yow' -el-man '-ne
(Yau3.mani) 22dd. Tin'-lin-ne
(Tinlinin)
22ee.
22ff.
22gg.
Too-lol ' -min Ye-w\am'-ne or
Pah-ah'-se Ham-met -wel ' -le
(Hometwoli)
X.
22hh. Tu-lum'-ne (Telamni?)
Shoshone Stock
23a- Northern Piute 23b. Koo-tsab'-be
dik'-ka (Mono L. ) 23c. Pahng'-we-hoo'-tse
Monache Piute Western Monache 23d- Nim or Monache 23e. Posh-ge'-sha 23f. Kwe*-tah 23g. Too-hook ' -mutch
Y.
Z.
23h. 23i.
23j- 23k.
231.
23m.
23n. 23o.
Ko-ko-he'-ba band Toi-ne'-che band
(Toihicha, Talinchi) Hol'-ko-mah band To-win-che ' -ba band Wo'-pon-nutch En'-tim-bitch Wuksa-che' (Waksachi) Pot-wish '-ah (Balwisha)
Owens Lake Monache Piute
23p.
23q. 23r. 23s. 23t. Panamints 23u. 23v.
Kwe • -nah-pat • -se
band Ut • -te-ur-re-we ' -te To • -bo-ah-hax- ze Chxik^ -ke-sher-ra* -ka
No'-no-pi-ah
Pak'-wa-sitch Moo-et'-tah (Muah?)
Southern Piute
23w. New-oo'-ah (Kawaiisu)
23x. Tol-chin'-ne 23y. Nu-vah ' -an-dits
23z. Chera-e-we ' -ve '
Ke-tahn-na-mwits or Serrano 23aa. Ke-tah ' -na' -mtwits
(Kitanemuk) 23bb. Pur '-ve' -turn or
Pur-vit-tem 23cc . Yo-hah ' - ve-tum 23dd. Mah'-re-ah-ne-ura or Mah ' -ring-i-um or • Mo ' -he-ah ' -ne-um Kah-we-sik-tem or Cahuilla
23ee. 23ff-
23gg- 23hh.
23ii.
23jJ. 23kk.
2311. Koo • -pah
23rom.
Koos ' -tarn
Wah ' -ne-ke ' -tarn
or Mahl'-ke Kah-we-sik'-tem
Pan'-yik-tem Wah-ko-chim ' -kut-tem Sow ' -wis-pah-kik ' -tem Pow ' -we-y am We-is'-tem
Koo '-pah A-katch'-mah or Luiseno
A-katch'-mali
Pi-yum'-ko
So-bo'-ba
Tongva Stock ^
2Ua. Tongva (Gabrielino;
23nn. 23oo.
23pp.
Tubotelobela Stock
25a. Pahn'-ka-la'-che
(Bankalachi) 2 5b . Tu' -bot-e-lob ' -e-la
(Tubatulabal)
REEL:
• «
CONTENTS: SERIES G:
ETHNOGEOGRAPHY
X/23
9-p/)
IGSO
iSC
re
JG^2
\-
NOTE: Exact copies of some
documents have not been
filmed.
FILMED AND PROCESSED BY
LIBRARY PHOTOGRAPHIC SERVICE
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"N
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1.4
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1.8
1.6
MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDAR0S-1963-A
_.^
J OB NO.
t
DATE
REDUCTION RATIO
DOCUMENT SOURCE
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BANCROFT LIBRARY
X. SHOSHONE STOCK
^/p3s. 'ff/O'5'0
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/
^'//iS
lAj.T J-- iji;.
: ; -.'i^'^te r ...:,.*. ■•.. ,.:t', ,. .....*^.'k-Lr- ' ' ' ^A^i'^^k'':
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X. SHOSHONE STOCK
:/
CUSSIPICATION OP SHOSHONEAN TRIBES AND BANDS
by C. Hart Merriam ^^^^ Uei^ico.
r Comanche —Great Plains, Wyoming— Texas & north- fshoshone proper— NE & central Nevada & So. Idaho
Montana * Wyoming ,0v^«. (Panarain t— Panamint p>akwss it ch & Kosozeum Ban ds)-- to sSutfitntSl ifvadl -) Death & Wint Valleys; west to OwenJ
and Death Valley re- f Lake and Koso, Calif.
gion, Calif- [^geute-B central Nevada & W central Utah
NORTHERN PIUTE 3a.v^(^ Southern Oregon to 0wena4,V<»oy, Calif. .f- /inclusive
)
^annok— So. Oregon & N. Nevada ^Malheur Lake Piute (Walpape)-SE Oregon
Vranid Lake Piute -(Kooyuewitskuddy— sucker eaters [^ NW Nevada
Walker Lake Piute (Arridjkuddy trout ) W central
(Aggikuddy * eaters) Nevada
^Mono Lake Piute (Kootsahedikk«neuma-kootsabe eaten
Tunagabhah-pine nut eaters
California
Owens Valley Piute— Bishop, Big Pine, Lone Pine
^ JIONACHB PIUTE 3ax(^s West slope Sierra.<i<»u^. mpper San Joaquin Bit., lo. to Kahweah%v. GBftf
t - i
PIYUCHB "
SOUTHPN PIUTE "ttlV^s Midr So. Calif. & So. Nevada
NlB
Woponutch, Holkoma, Toohookautch,K»ljs<,K«W,W«ta.Vv
Emtimbitch— Mill Or. Valley
Wuksache— Eshom Valley
Padopsha — Three Rivers C'>^'«>-r ^'^*^«^')
Ute— B. Utah & W. Colo. 'Cheme we've— Mohave Desert. inol.t29 Palms, Calif. Kivavits— North-central Arizona Sivvits— So-west Utah & N W Arizona Nuvah'andit & Pahranagetseu (incl. Mo8pa)-S. Nov.
Newoo'ah & Tolchinne— Piute &Tehach»pi Mts. St
N W Mohave Desert
HOHINSAM
r
\
incl* Ketanam^its
San MTBardlSoMt. region, Calif*
Il
Kitan'amnits— Tejon & W. Mohave Desert, Calif < Maringani—Moronfeo, Ahtearream. •'Serrano"
Mohin'eaB— San Bernardino Mts. incl. Terkah &
YuhahVetnm, Bear Lake valley
^Inkibian or Koos'tam Pahoveam . , v v •
Uoos'tam best name for group ind. Tukipi
Wahahchem — San Bemardino-Iuoie^
• 1 •
]
V 4 > ♦ « •■
Turah— Hahlke
CAHDIUA or ^ , , ^.
(^k>
KaHwisse'tem, ■iiiyah^>tilif^^^''^'^^r^«)
FowWean Soi^i8pe|k'
( Sa.v3:».X»Sa. A g6.t»^l\o, '<'\\t',s)
KOOPAH ^
fta.»-*X
AKATCHMN
■•» V
\ Koo^ah
(^iynmko (Luiseno) .gj. J Akatohma (Capistrano) ( SoToVa C^o-'j-o'-^''^^)
V.«_A-W^rA#«-..ja.^ J.
TONGVA
tTongya--PQmandino <Sc Gabrieleni , (Very distinct tnbe)
TUBOTSLOBEIA
{TuboteloVela Pahnkalache
\J'^.t>^ dLuVv.'t'-t-t "ttv-W
f^e:'S*#%,W;
<s.
*,
\
MOHlrfSAII fe- ino l^Ketananwi ts
San JSfBBTdtnoHt region, Calif*
CAHUIUA OTc; . ,^.
\
KitaniBwita— Taion & W. MohaTS Deaert, Calif •
]laringan~Moron^o> Ahtearrean. "Serrano"
Mohin'om—San Bernardino ita. i»ol- I^J^ah &
lohahVetioi, Bear lake Yallej
^lTikii>iai or loca'taa PahoTean . t«v4V><
Uooafiaa beat name for group incl. Inkipi
f ahahohsB— >San Be mardi no-Iupi apa
]
y ^ > i «
fnrah— l[ahl!ka
{Wf^^V
^ vA^^ ^Ars>.aXv.. 5-«-f-i^^*3^ ct:idb^ '^
Kaliwiaae'tem > •liiJAH>i5:Lili5^^^•'''^'^^•^")
:, f. ■
Foi^e
Soi^iape|^'
( ^.SliL^!!?- * ^^W«.\e. VWUej57
fr^^MMp
KOOPAH 3^(V^ •< Kooi^ah
iynoko (Ijiiaaiio}
Ca^-^:^^^^--^. S.^ C!:*-fc£
AKATCHMAN ^ »^^ 4 Akatohka (Capiatrano)
SoTO^a CSo-WAaiv.]
TONGYA
TongTft--Femandino & Gabrieleno
(Very diet ina| tnbe)
TDBOTILOBSLA
{ToboteloVela Pahiikalabhe
Vi^.'CY '^'*'*^"''^*''t "irtU
.J ■.■'•,,■.
L<fe;/£'.->,
■i'- ■^';#.v;5;'^-:
,V|Hk- 'i.^/.i'
V '■,*¥'
•rr
,;■ . > t ■ » ■ ^
iOHIN
inolf Ketan **S<irrano §fn Bernardino Mtf
••■^•■" region, Calif t.;||'^
.. ..i*i;l* f/; 1.4;
Kitanamwite— Tejon & ff iohar|.msr|ilJ.^ " ** ^* ^^art^-Mo rongo
■^:'%m'!.:-:\.x^^'/- ' -v. i'.>'. '-■i'p-.'»'7-fi,t;,;'; .^^^i)4.'^^v:u/;v' 'Jv *^ij\L~k:.:
'j')"*
MohineaB!— San Bernardino Mts i Inol*
Inhahve turn , Bear Lake Tall ey
''ii ''"?'■ 'jii
r
uirinlflHi or KoofiXOTi.^-'^^sranOTeiitt^^-.H/ii... .,:,;.-.!^^,&
^ nTKoostan best Oipe for grou
[!«■ ,
'MirCAHUI
Tuvah--Mahlke'''-'f gf fe^fei^::^.{e::y,^^'^?*;:, p tahwiesetei^'^^ Wily*:i,i|riS';^^^^^^^^^
,/ ■ ,v 1-? 3'
f Jf if AltATCKM.
TONGVA
".?,:v;v.i.<*t-,;,
Tongra— Fqmandino & Gabrieleno
(Very distinct tribe "*
TUBOTiSLOBKLi
{Tttbotelobela Pahnkalache
t'ft;.;-.,.
..■'"■'''■
(,f, ■-
'Vr'A- ■'<•
'■■• ',»■;''*» ■£»(''^.f ;>■•*'■.' '*i%vV
'"»:i^..W(*>-I
H
i'':][^y.
fwVA^Vv»\.^V^
J
^■^
KB0EB3R»S CUS3I PI CATION OF CiLIPOBfIA SHOSHONEiR (Map p 578 & Table p 577) ^ tv^v^v-c^a
A.
B.
C.
Plateau Branch
1 MQnP-gpfifipc^. PJyiaiQP Northern Piu^e LNort Bastem Mono West em Mono
hone-Qomancfae Division ;oso-Panamint
them Piute] [N Piute & Monache]
Ut e-Ghemehu^vi Divis ion Chemehuevi iChemewere, "Kawaiisu" [NewooahJ
Nuvahandi t ,
PahranegetseuJ
gem Biver Branch
Tuhotulahal LTubo telobela]
Southern California branch
1 Seyrano Division IMohineanI
Kitanemuk LKitanamwitsJ
Vanyume
illiklik [No information]
Serrano Cfiohineam]
2 Luiseno-Cahuilla Division
Juaneno Llkatchma, Piyumko &
Oahuilla \r [Kahwesik] Cupeno [Koopah]
3 GabrieleSo division [Tongvan]
Feman dino jF.ToncrBl Gabrielenor ^
San Nicoleno £??]
3ovovo]
IT In his table on p 577 Kroeber divides the Oahuilla into three groups — Pass Oahuilla, Mt. Oahuilla, and Desert Oahuilla.
"5^^^^^^-^ M ^LJ^^^LANJ^L/vviU^
^^AiJl^A>o3Al>v
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WiAU
■*
^■..j: ;'l^ :•
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ti
imm
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.', ■■■*... .
tf-
BY SIMPSOH IK 1859
.v*rr';
K". .
fHKm called Shell Creek R&ngo
Bange oniAiilPidii
t)e|ppfi| * Shoshone Di^pgrs* and *Go Shoots*)
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KBOEBER'S CUSSIPICATION OP 1907
A.
= >
'<)■
The first real classification of the Shoshonean tribes
. v.... -■ ,-^ . . ^ ^
of Oalifcmia is that of Kroeber, published in 1907.— Shoshonean Dialects of Califoniia (ifeiv.Calif .Pubs. Eth. .Feb. 1907).
Kroeber had far more first-hand material than any pre- vious author and his results were correspondingly more ntarly final. My personal: field work (including original vocabularies) has confirmed most of his findings and has added a little.
IShile he did not present a systematic or tabular classi- cation, his text headings show what he had in mind.
He recognized "four principal branches" and "eight
X
principal dialectic groups", (p. 97) Of the foui* "Branches", three lie wholly or in part in California. These are:
1. Flateau Branch, comprising the Shoshone and Piute.
2. The Kern River Branch, comprising the Tubotelobe]
^
••»-•.
and 'Bankalachi'. 3. The Southern California Branch, comprising all Shoshonean tribes south of Tehachapi except the
' ■■■*'■'
Chemeweve.
The Plateau Branch he subdivides into three "groups*,, two of which are represented in California , namely the Ute- Chemehuevi and the Mono-Paviotso.
x/Name inttodticea by me (written Te^bot;>e..lob-e>lay) in 1904.-- Dist. Indian Tribes in the So. Sierra ana Aajacent Parts of San _.^ joaaiin Valley, Galif.. ScienceT Vol.19, No.|94, p.9, June 17,1904
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a. The Ute-Chemehuevi in California consists of the Chemeweve and the "Kawaiisu"— the latter people calling themselves Nuwuwa, as pointed out by me in
1904. \). The Mono -Pay iot 80 group comprises the Northern Piute
and the Monache of Ofrens Valley and the Sierra— for which he uses the alternate term »Mono». 0. In addition, he mentions the Panamint of the Death Valley region as probably belonging to one or the other of these groups. The Southern California Branch he divides into three rSerrano, Gabrielino, and Luiseno-Cahuilla.
a. The Serrano group comprised the tribes of San Bernardino Mountains and the western part of the
Mohave Desert.
b. The Gabrielino consisted of the tribe occupying San Fernando and San Gabriel Valleys— a tribe whose name for themselves is Tongva.
c.
The Luiseno-Cahuilla group consisted of the ordinarily bearing these names, and also those of San Juan Capistrano, Soboba, and Agua Caliente.
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Krotfbdr in nis most 57f , 1926 j fi^Mii^' the fotir mair ^1BriMati««^ ettablishtd
Hifer, Southern California,
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occur m
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KB0EB^R»3 CU33i?I0ATioN & CAJ^IF^IilA SHOSHOKKilT
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flp p 578 & Table p i,^^^,^, ,,
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or th ern' ute &
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;■ . I.'•^Jt/*'l,;
,,. , era Piute
i.#^ Sastera Monor
Western Mono)"
iqflhQne..Ooin^nch
Chemehuevi I Chemeweve, Nurehanait, ^Kawaiisu'V DlefC^aliJ - PahranecetseuJ
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ii^*-Miij-^llllklik [No informaUon >';:{;.■■'':.
f-Jf§P^'M:-''SerrbY\o [MohireemJ ■■•,:■:::'. . -
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\
lie tmBmfm Kroeber dir ides ttif ; -fl 11a intQ^ three group8--Pass Cahui 11 a^,^ ^ M^^^^^ ahuilla , -8n4,,J)e8ert 08huillifejgr;j^'^^^^^
*-— <^ ■■>>«■ ,.j0- -
DISTRIBUTION OP SHOSHOCO INDIANS
BoDnevi lie's
Mountainfl published \if Irving in 1837 in his hook entitled
'The Rocky Mountains' shows the
as inhabit-
ing the Desert all the way from the east hase of the Sierra Nevada (here called 9n1ifo^"^« Mmintaina) to the west side of Great Salt Lake, thus covering the entire course of Og-
dens River.
he placed on Bear River, flowing
from Beer Springs south to Great Salt Lake, irtiich he called
Itflkg Bor^nflville.
r
I.
he placed on the north side of
' V
Snake River east of Malade River and south and southwest
of Three Buttes*
Sast of Salt Lake his map shows the
DISTRIBUTION OP 3H0SH0C0 INDUNS
^ f
;5'
Boim6Till« 'a
Mountpinc published by Irving in 1837 in his book entitled
■i&^f
»The Rocky ttountainf' shows the
88 inhabit-
ing the Desert p11 the wsy from the epst base of the Sierra
) to the west side
Nevada (here celled
of Greet Salt Lake, thus covering the entire course of Og-
v.-
dens Hiver<
he placed on Bear River, flowing
from Beer Springs south to Greet Salt Lake, which he celled
The
he pieced on the north side of
Snake River east of Halade River and south and southwest
'•■■ ^ , ■'
of Three Buttes.
Bast of Salt Lake his inep shows the
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KBO^HR'S CUS3IPICATI0N OP 1907
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The first real classification of the Shoshonean tribes
in 1907.— Shoshonean
-u
of California is that of Krocljer, publi
Dialects of Califomia (^iv.Calif.Pubs.Eth.. Feb. 1907).
■ ■ •
Kroebor had far more first hand material than any pre- TiouB author and his results were correspondingly more nearly final. My persoiiariield work (including original vocabularies) has confirmed most of his findings and has added a little.
mile he did not present a systematic or tabular classi-
fication. his text headings show what he had in mind.
He recognized "four principal branches" and "•ight
principal dialectic groups", (p.97) Of the four "fcanohea".
three lie wholly or in part in Califomi6. These are:
1. Platean Branch, comprising the Shoshone and Piute.
2. The Kern mVer Branch, comprising the TubotelobeW
.r ;^ ■■V--^:--'and'' ♦BankalachVr;'"-'^^
3. The Southern California Branch, comprising all
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^shoMan tt^b^ ionth of |ehachapi, exce^ the
t .y ,
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■--■ v*^
Chemewete.
V
*' 5'
The Plateau Brandi he subp|p«§ into three *»group8 are represented in CaX||pmia, namely the Ute-
two of
Chemehueri aid the Mono-PaTiotao
*.■■.
rum. i^^^i^^Mi^^ J*s;r
; Diat. Indian Tribes in th«;So. Sierra and S^Jfo!^ ■/§ Tnni 17 1964 ^joaqiin Tal^ay^CaXif*^ Science,. Vol. 19, No.494v p.9. Junf lY.iW
• •■ "L * ■ . . 'J- • ■ '■ ' *v • ».' '• .*. 1 /"j'- » * (-. 'P^'W I- '■ *'■ ''!!."'■.■ • ■"*■ #■ ■■*■ J I'i ■•■'. ■V-*i. li \ •■-■*■■ i vV ' ■> ■ ,"• . '(>■ > J ipf't. #\-u ■■ vV ■ r *•■ I . ■ » "Kill'-- *. ■*' ^**"»/
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^ . A^ The Utei.-Ch&«iu«ti In California consists of the
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iisu"— thflatter people .callii^^^itls mxwuiiii as pointed out by me in
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i^^i:3tPl%ich hi%es the altfi^te _
: ■ ■-^'■■'- . -■'IM'^- •^:.'"^|K'8<i<ii*io»» he mention
-^aviotso group compri set the ^®^*'*^??* P^**
The Wi^-TaTiotso group compriset ine Horm^rii riu* and thS Monache of Owens Ypliey and the Slerrt— for
terin *Mpno»*
r f-
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liilB ddi t i on , he "men t i ons t he rariam i nt
y -'in . ■■
of the
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, Death Tpiiwr r^on as frobablj belonging to one
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into three
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a. The Ute-Ohemehuevi in California consists of the Chemeweve and the ^^Kawaiisu**— th
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*'.§ li^Cali|^jM5^a925) recognizes the four inainr»mranc!ils^es!lfitisiep^!'
^i^Sfl*^^^^=^ 1^07' namely. Plateau. Kern Ririf^'lSouthlra tlltfOrnia; ,;I1^ ;i^>||:|f^8A!i Pueblo— all of ihich exce;-* ^^- ^
#-'\iSQ*clifomia. These he subdivi*
.'■1*. <* i':*' *■ •* 'xt"^' Vr- ,^>.'
, 88 follow:
Contc^e
Yuba tula bal
Serrano
■BSillife,.,,,, Gabrielino
I ^ ' *
"* '^-^l&t V J^
''*Wr^'
Uiiseno-Cahui 1 la
r' '■
rj
/ —
-i
:•*.'*-■
< Western Mono
.Western Mono Ko80 (Panaraint) Themehuefi Kavaiiau Tubatulabal Kitanenuk Alliklik Serrano Vanyume ^Femandeno < Gabrielino ^3an Nicoleno Juaneno Luiseno Cupeno
Pass Cahttilla Mountain Cahuilla Desert Cahuilla
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PBOVISIOHAL CLASSIFICATION OF SHOSHONEAH TRIBES
NORTHEIW PIUTE
HONACHS
SHOSHONE
'W-^
SOUTHBHN PIUTE
^1^^. •%..»
'&
2i^'
TAHMIAT
Ketanamwits
Akatchnan
Kahveai ^n
jBannok [Northan Piute
iioDacha of Owens Valley
^Sierra lloDache
NiB^K'sNeW^
Holkoma Toeke«k«w«dkv
Kokoheba
fiat inb itch
i^uksache
Pedoocha
Shoshone proper Comanche <jG08eate Panamint Pakwasi tch Koso I
Nawawah (incl.Tolchinne) NuTahandit Parran^getseu OhemeiieTe
Ute
) (
/^">
,v.*
TONGVAH
TUBOTELOBELAH
KetanaBookim Maringaa Mah'raE Koostam
'Akatcloiah
Piyumko
SoToVa
Ma hike , KahveseteH iPow^we-ya« Panyik'ten , Wah-ko-chim kat-tem Jfa-we-yis-ten
Koo'pah
^!FongTa ' _ Pah*Tah-sa-kuB
da k'^"^ ' 1<^
»->. .t^. ^i^
S'
S ^ t^ v *■ ■''^ <5
'la
V-.-
Koopan Tongra
0
•p„>»«f.iA>»«ia iTubotelobela Tubotelobala ^pakanepul
/
V
V
.'•>
T 1 '- -';?'. *»• < •■', ■
"m^mji
-m^
I
FROYISIOIUL CUSSI9ICATI0H OF SHOSH(»EAH TKBKI
NOBTHBW PIUTB
IIOHAGHS
SBDSHONI
SOOTHIBIi PlOn
y
TiaiBT
K«taiiBm«lt8
ikatolMn
Kalni08i l^i
JBsiiiiok \liorth9ii Piatt
|itiMieht of Omnn Yallej
Siazta lonadia
Kokohaba Satijiakitoh iNikaacha FadooAa
Shoahona pjDpar Cooaneha JGoaenta Panamint Fakwaai tch K080 I
knwnvali (inel.Tbloliiima) NnTahaiidit ^Barraiafatatii
ChaaawiTa Uta
Katanaaookoi Karingaa
Kooataa
jftkatelaah
SoTora
1
dak • V V I U
'^
V
.vo'.-fcl--'^-
Mahika . Kahaaaotaa «^ia*j8B anyik'taa , Wah-ko-ohia- katotaa Ifa-we-yia-taB
Koopah
■S?>t^».Vvo''
fOWSfhM
TUBOfEDC^IXli
Koopaa ToDgri
[|*ah-Tah-8a-kiai
, ..^ VfJ^^'...\'
??^:
i«
SHOSHONEAN TRIBES OP SOUTHERN CiLIPORNU
KetanamwitS'*
Katanamukum
88^
^rI/.<'
Moheahneum; South-ctntral Mohaye Desert and San BernarWv
f r ^**^« f ^
dino Mta., east of Cajon Pa88.lBt^«.Y«v^ »^G.».T^ti;Va-n^v.<j..^^ ^^6
Maringam: Morang* Valley to Bear Valley and^Old Woman Springs .
Koostam: San Bernardino Valley/'from Cucamonga and Jarupft hills east to^ summit of San Gorgonio P8SsC'»^^&«»^'>«--o>^^}
TongTau . -
Tongva ; Large tribe formerly holding coast from a few miles west of Santa Monica, southeasterly at least to Santa Ana River (possibly farther); and in the inter- ior, from Santa Susana to ^ucamonga, thus including the southern slopes of the Santa Susana and San Gabriel Mts.uSan Fernando and San Gabriel Valleys. and a -long stretch oi ooast*
(Tribe usually called Femandinos and GabrieleBos)
^' ^ O O^Vvt V U «
Kahwesik
ttahike: Desert and mts. from summit San Gorgonio Pass east to ^oUchliLla Desert, and from summit San Gorgonio Pass north to San lorgonio Mt. (Called ^ah-ne-ke-tem by Pow-we-yam of Oahuilla Valley. )
See nez
%
■\
■>^V-^-/'^l*rr^-^^^:^
*
f
.■?Wi^t'>-'':
SHOaiONlAN TRIBIS OP SOUTHERN CALIK)i?NIi
KetancBvits
■L>-
' f-
t W ^
KtUn— ttkna; Wttttrn IlohaTt Destrt, weft of Cajon Fa Mohaahnetti! South-cantral Mohave Daaart and San Barnar dino Mta., aast of Cajon Paaa.(Btv^%>^e. »^eL»*c«;v«.n«.wvt.^
Springs.
Kooatam; San Barnardino Vallay/Iro« Ouoamonga and Jarup* hilla Afiflt to. aufflnit of San Gorgonio Pasav'^^'^^^
XongraK
n.VaV.'^^*^
TongTJ : Large tribe foraarly holding ooaat f roM a few miles west of Santa Monioi, aoutheaaterly at laaat to Santa Ana Birer (poaaibly farther); and in the inter- ior, from Santa Suaana to <-ucamonga. thua including the southern slopes of the Santa Suaana and San Gabriel Mta.j^^San Fernando and San Gabriel Valleys, and a -lone alyetch oi coast*
(Tribe usually called femandinoa and GabrieleBos)
WSk
¥<^M)y
■'■■'■'■^'V i'^'^''-^'
> »
v\
Kahwesik X
Mahlke
MM
eat to ^o^ohllla Desert, and from auBoiit San Gorgon Pass north to San ipprgonio Mt. (Called HHah'-ne-ke-ten by Pow-we-ya» of Cahuilla Valley. )
See next p*i^
^
t*».f'.-'>;
w>
rtf
i
-A
Kahwesik '^ (continued)
Kahwosetem: East slope San Jacinto Uta, south aide San Gorgonio Pass, east of Cabeson, and desert from Cabeson and Palm Springs south to head of Palm Canyon. Includes Pahn-yik'-tem & Wah-ko-chim-kut .
Pow-wo'^am: Cahuilla Valley (south of eastern territory of Soboba) and south to Thousand Palms Canyon and Lost Valley.
Koopah
K\
iy
Akatohman
^■■■■■■■■■■""■■HHi^
\.
.1
V
\
Koopah; iqua Caliente in Warner Valley, Puerta Cru«,
Oak Valley east of
■3
\.
r
and northwesterly to i
Palomar Mt. (Wilakal Kroeber). T^iufc-Mui.U?^WWvMw\
Aka tohma ; Tribe extending southeasterly along the coast from just west of Newport Beach at least to, or a little beyond San Onofre Mtii; and in the interior to the Santa Ana and Blainore Mts. (between the Piyumko on the south and east, and the Tongra on the northwest). Includes Santa Ana, Orange, Capistrano,
■ ' ■ ' . ■■■■' ' ■ '■' '■ •' ■ ■ ,<;•?".■-
and Trabuoo Canyon.
■- • «r
■* ■ ' "
Piyumko (Luiseno):^oast tribe between the Akatchma on the northwest and the Kamnei on the southeast '.reaches
■■■■>■ .. •■ ... ■ :■ .' . -
easterly to Palomar Mt. (Iguariga Range) and north in the interior to the southern border of Biyerside.Prom
•^ ■ ■ :' ■■ ■■ ■ ■ ■ ■■■■■■
Biverside westerly the boundary is Santa Ana Biver. Includes Corona, Alessandro, Arlington, Perris.llsinore (and Blsinore Lake), Wildemar, Temecula, Pallbrook, Pala, Pfuma, Las /lores, San Luis Bey, Oc^anside.Vis
:^> Twin Oaks, Bsconiido, and San Pasqual. :i
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z
Kahvosik (continued)
Kahwtgftwi; Bast slope Ssn Jacinto Mis, south slit San Gorgonio Pass/ aast of Cal»a90B, and desert from Cabeson and Palra Springs south to head of
Palm Canyon.
m-t
.we^SB! Cahuilla Yalley (south of eastern territory
of Sobeba) and south to Thousand FsIbs Csnyon and Lost Valley.
p^:^^^l,,:::^-5|:f^i
^
Koopah
^iJ&
:.«V>,
Aka tohaam
Koopah; iqua Oaliente in Warner Valley, Puerta Crus,
and northsesterly to include Oak Yalley east of Palomar Mt. (Wilakal Kroeber). 'M/teA-U.W^«^KakNNw\W
Akatchns; Tribe extending southeasterly along the
coast froB just vest of Kevport Beach at least to, or a little beyond San Onofre Mt^; and in the interior to the Santa Ana and Ilsinore Its. (betveen the PiyuBko on the south and east, and the Tongva on the northwest). Includes Santa Ana, Orange, Capistrano, and Trabuoe Canyon.
Piyuak<
Kanaei
easterly to Palomar Mt. (Aguanga Bange) and north in the interior to the southern border of BiTerside.?rom
BiTorside sestarly the boundary is Santa Ana Biver. Includes Corona ♦Alessandro, Arlington, Perris.Elsmore (and Ilsinore lake), iildemar, Temecula, fallbrook, Fala, Panma, Las Hores, Ssn Luis Bey, Oceans ide,Yist«,
Twin Oaks, Iscondido, and San Pasqual.
a^vw,
♦>r%^(»'
fSaboba (Sovovo); Interior tribe extending from a little
Saboba
neat of to^a of San Jacinto and Hemet, easterly to crest of San Jacinto Mts.; south to include Domenigoni Valley on the southwest and to Hemet Reaerroir on the
Oim%«alin
Iko o— SLV-oJ^vMe-tlW
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SOUTHBEH
V
Kftanamakua; Weatorn Mohave Destrt, vest of Cajon PaM Moheahnegm; South-cantral Mohate Dtsart and San Btrnar-
•i CiWrcts giftKtOnie.^ I<*»«i«
Ketanawfita 4. Baringaa; lloiiligo Vallay to Bear Vallay and^Old Ifonan
Tecple. ^X'^~^^'=^
Ta.'A(<^
Springs.
fCooatam: San Bamardino Valley Jifron Cnoanonga and Jampt hills east to/smrirrt of Sin Gorgonio ?BSB(^^**^*^»^h
Kahwaaik
Tongra : Large tribe f ormarly holding eoast from a f aw miles vest of Santa Uonioa, soatheasterly at least to Santa Ana BiTer (possihly farther); and in the inter- ior, from Santa Susana to Cucuponga, thus including the southern slopes of the Santa Susans and San Gabriel Mts.^ San Fernando and San Gabriel Valleys.
(Tribe usnally called Fatnandines and Gabrielenos)
MflhlVa; Desert and mts. trm sumait San iiorgonio Pass east to ^ofiohtlla Besert, and from sumit San Gorgon: Pass north to San iorgonio It. (Called Wah-ne-krf-te« by Poi^ve-p-yaa of Oahuilla Vallay. )
See next pagoj
f
•/•*
»•
>:^;->
2
•^'"
Kafawtsatgiiriiaal gjcpa Mt«, eouth side
' Pefii Sitltt Sbuth to head of
\. '■■
'.'■•''^>
PsS Ca^pf^lpeludif ' Pahn-yik^tit 4 Wah-ko-chta-kut,
>.i ■■-■■»
«'.'-
if Sfllolf) wif Imllrii TPi&^ist^^l^ Cftijron and
'••> . *•.
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y.
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i^.'
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-.'■ -•.• - ./. i I ■ 1' ■ .
'■■J*
■■>■■ ■**';,",V::
fiifiier Valley, Puerta Cru«
V. —
mmm^mmtut.'^ i wi lakiritroa
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'i."
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tmrna^tmAw ti% pBlomBT fil^it fi«ian«i iBwto) and notTD
in
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Bireraida weaterll th« t»tin«iif itl^Wjta Ifti Eirei^ .£^ ^ l includea Corona .Aleaaendro.Arllngton^Pama.Blainor^ %^ (and Blainore LakeT. Wildaaar, Teneculi. fallbrook.i^^g| Pala, Painna, Laa Floras, San Luia Bey,^()cwnaide Jia taar ^ Twin Oaks, Baoondido, and San Paaqnayii|^gi|£:^i./t'.;^::^
-' ■^,'_' ■...••''•r'.»-'^«*''r'. " ■ ..v''t.*% •■*■.• iT^.jjii': .■".■■i&-,»i'Jii-i>,.. .*-..,. jf#--',T.' ., **' " <iit»>la. r, >".■■■., '■■V'.,'-
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MTSaboba (Sotoyo): Interior tribe extending from a little
Saboba
\
)
lest of towns of San iiacinto and Henet, easterly to crest of San Jacinto Mts.; south to include Domenigoni Valley on the southwest and to Hemat Beserroir on the
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;rHB NiMS PIUTB OB PAHUTB
its Tarious forms, as Paiute, Pah-Ute, Pah-Utah. Piute, Py-Ute, Payuches, Pyutt. Pey-utes. &o)
•■*-.-w.^'
C. Hart Herriam
ft.
.■''°*«t
■ '<v„
£i3lifi.'or Mrflii
has been used
for a Shoshonean
trihe or group of tribes occupying a considerable extent of
l>
t:;"=«--
count rj north of the Big Bend of the Colorado River, and
/ : ^ : ^•.(li--- - ... ■-■■■■•--.. .. ■•>-!'•;•
•:^*f-
in more recent times the same name has been/and still is,
• fc.^ ■ ■
/
I f "» '"■;'■ ■ ■ ' ■■■ ***^V
: ' •,- "i. w -. ■ ■• ' ■♦J ■ '» ^ k*Irx'K - • V .
applied ll'a widely different group of Sho8honea|
inhabiting
Afll .^iT; :M:;i*
£e'5?'
i^,'53,f*\'-f '%'-^' ^;j*
^ii
tk«L>«J
ifornia, northwestern Nevada, and
Ir' '. ■'?r.f
eastern Oregon-^^iving rise to endless (^
'C-^jii'^^iJi- ''\:'
■■1. .-'•T
.? :' ■i^,'
;*^'-;;iVP.---. .J ■' ■•*. k"' ., -y^' .:,;,.■, ':^^.-' ,■ , •/■■' . ' .- ^'Jj 4 .r^v-j^ -%..;:^',
As ee&y as 1776, the Spanish Padre and explorer
M:f'
'^ '::-■ i.
f
Garoes, looking afoross the _^
Colorado
f rem thi south, saw smoke rising on tt^e north side; this,
.■^;rV',' ■■. ■ ;■" , - ,•"'■' *. ,t> ■• .^-' , • !■' •.*:■" .■■.'■»"•'■ - •,. .•■•;„. • - - ■ ■,'■ -'■,«• .-.r-'v ,.< :."':-jL"'-?>-i 2-'
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he was
^■' -J. ■■-'*' 1* • fi' „ • . ^1 ' ■ (■ * ,
.■'*''.(*. ,J. ■ ''';■■" . ■" " * . I
from the fires
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lazApii
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e
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:iii' the course of hisf ||||;$
1.«-i, .,.!(?•,,-- ,«.
.*,.'-.-4;<5i^; -1
'■:^^
■ vi- >■■■
* / '*'; %jr*.
'if.'-
travel!,
li%ntions the Pnvnchaa at different times and ^*^
■.'v-.t... :-'J^t(d'^ :A ■■^A^fXi^:-,: ■'•^^'- ''''^<-'
plaowllniioating that . ojnturr and a half ago the nam.
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.... -^'».4.
• ■ . 'J- :■'(''''*■' ' ■ A -i'V ■»'■; ■
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•'k'.
PIUTE GEOaR/PHIC OR PLACE NAMES
Of Mono Lake Of Bishop and
Big Pine
■*»i'.V ■■ >'
c\i
i'^'ty^
Of Lone
Alabama Range Back of Lone Pine; Biggest middle hill
Pe-gbw-wah
'■■n
Alabama Range Hill iust N. of Lone Pine Creek
Yar-ro-noo
■■;■■,«■
Aatelope Valley N. Of Bridgeport
0 -nav-Ye -g^a-tu
.A
Ash Creek
0-to-o'
:f7
"•'0:
'Vlj
A. ,',■•*■-
l^ancherias Ash Creek
on
! •
)
^ . V:- ,. ^
Benton (place)
*'■/■;>?..'■■.:■■-■'':?'> ■■■.■■ ," ■ ■ -'
Big Pine
(!• '
Bishop (place)
' .^,■■
.t..-:1;
-1
lahop Creek
Pe-a-ten
/
Ut'-ta-oo-le- giret-t&
Ui-tB.-fty«a.Vi'-te
To-0-hah-tse
/^J
0-zah-wah-nah
■' . ■*
Pat-too-roo-ba
...... */ • '
vL
u--b,e;^
YHX-
^r
'^^
V
/
(i.e
V
Pah-ho'-ve guet-ta
.1 .
^o>rJ-y«oJK.-Vva.V\.- Vu\- *Vt«
V)i'
'4;
Yo-gah mud -de
■•■/. ' i-
Wah-kah-haw-padi
^
V'j
if:
■^•'
■-,■>:
v.; I'.'
;<-
->•
'■r
•N^*'
•%;.,■■
11;; -i
Bloody Canyon
■•>;/';
■fc *:-'*3y,
» . •%,
J^^v/-
'.*'■.■
•' ■ ■ft..
■\ I > . ■ .if
' .^ij
fiQq-t9<^-!9j:-r^
Valley Po-gah
i 'f ^ ■'■ f^ '>*■* ^'1 ' ' ■ " « jCV
r^':::
■ .1 ■ V-f.''
^■"■-•^t-U:'. "'^"
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< ,.i , '. 1
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■"'. " *■.
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■Sii
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i^
■••■■* ;■■'. ■ V.'j..,jf',
-..r=*-
^■'1''' ^' '^^:'' PIUTE geogiuphic'WIlM YimEi"-4m
Carroll Creek
Of Mono Lake
. ■'■■:/*•
, w ■•■• '
Of Bishop and Big Pme
As* "
\.... JR%t^ ^^^
Of Lone Pine
Se-wah-roop
■ •* I
*1 .1 -
) ^
on Carroll Creek
■«v'. '
. - r
1*-. , '-^
( ■
T<'
» ■:
/■■t S
Carthage Creek
'.:/■■>'■
l'^»-'"^''
i%J
i-;'
■ t.
Rancherias on Carthage Creek
'. t
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Casa Diable
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Crater Island i»^%^ Too-hoo-gah-i
'».«;', .-,-»«".««■
'•. y . ' f !e "l'..,;
„«?fi^"'..:^., ^.v:V:
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'fe'S^fe ■■■■ ili'l^su^: Se-pah-ki-bah
Side Mono Pass
'..fr- '^.nl' '■ ■ ■
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*".
GEOGRAPHIC OH PLACE KifllES
Of Mono Lake
Of Bishop and Big Pine
Of Lone
.^■(.
■'^■;^-
. ".'v ■■■■ ■ -i "ivt ii ■' ■■■^'
:. ■ * ■ ' ' - ■ ^ ■ *■ '
■■' ■',-■■">. ^fj ■■'"? ■•■■ '-W^ ■■ ■ ■>•'.■
.■' (: . »■,.. rv> ■
.-«- ■-
■•j^i'i*'?:/,^'**
.t, -.-x
,-*X
^:i»f-
^►^^.
Ti
1 ''t
ining Canyon
i TV*
S-5J«
-;^:-r- f
■J" ,H''
PIUTE GEOGRAPHIC OR PLACE NAMES
of Mono Lake
of Biahop and Big Pine
T-
of Lone Pine
, . v^'
Deep Spring Valley
Siv-ve-tip te-
?,-•■
-^
a^^^ft^Cov. ^'■-^-^ -
Fish Lake Valley (Pipers)
George Creek
Lowest Village On George Creek
High Sierra
Independence
Place .little S. Of Independence
Inyo Mountains
r^
UJ
.'y^f_...
''^i¥^^
■4 _- . *• '■
,,1.' .(• ' .. 1
•V.-
■*f' '*■<
Se!-v^ nli-ffuet-'feli
'^
.. ■>..■, . ;, \
■ • .u, ^ ■ " ■' ■./■
^*■
']>*
•«;-•
,, J
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*'■'
. "t-t '1'' •■ Is-' ■ >"'■
. ,;'''.£ -*-*• . V' ■'■■*«
1 •.
.'I ••• <
f-
;'>. .'.,»' ".<'*•.
,-roop
., -1. .^J,
'■■'■ ■■■•.••,'; ,' i '
■ f..-
"A' ■
>■-••-■>'
.■''^'?'
';fi' *.
>\.^
tl
Pa-*i
ia ki-bah Oe-dfe-u-ki-bah
■- I
•V.
■■y^
^^. ■..-■■1 .,'»-•„-. ■': Vj/."',:,".,,. ■• ^l:.-; ^v..,**^-*',, ,»'t,:^*J
IPah-yaht toi- Pah-ffl^-te toil
.... (-v-'-. '*^--^.. -'. ■- •• -■ ' '''•'■ ■ •■
Shuk-ahev-vah
\ tr\ (ft ,
Little Lake
.,*i,-
Creek At Independence
Little Walker Lake- let, Mono Co. Calif. Pah-be -tah-^5
'*,•
Lone Pine
Pah-hfi-e wah'
t«'
Ranoheria ofi
Bite of present ; Town of Lone Pine
/
i
r •
\.
.'?
I".
; '
.'■*'»'
Pihe Creek
1 1 ..
■■■' '~-^ '
■'■* "r"4'.'
r
:!^i-r-.-;''^A^:v^
» ''>
r, V
'.. .v ..".'« *^'. .... i^ «w* !■■ . '■ ^ ■' ■'. 'J* ■•'. - V'- ■ ■*
Rancherias ,-1;'^^^, Lone
■' w^^. V'
• \
*».
..;•*!'
V. '
^\
.^r ■ .•■:-r.h-*f' ■
X-
Long Valley
\4
0-k«-ro'b
Pah-o -whah
t.TVt'J*
n r
/L*.*!!^
Sang-wah'-a- ,h6'b Wo-ko-be-ho'b
Pah-o -poo-5t Sing-ah-buz -ze
Pi-du-se-a
■' . '■» ■■! T^ '1 I "T i^ . .«.< "
-na-bat
-selt
J t otKrvQ -we. n oo - 1 s c
^ Kwe -na-gwe - tah
..• 'V.'*
'j^ 1., r
• ■ A.
■ ■.;. ■ * l. '' ' . .
• ... ' , ,>■ •■ ■ '" *" ■; ■■* ■". ■'■'-■■■ "I-'-' ■ ' .' 'f
,^'^t.
Vl
! *
'.X
dir-stu-gwS-kah
■^■"^l'ii^'*^i^J^'^^ *^*
■■,f•l?»:'^•*"^
'T ^
<*^JL >
#1*
*,*-,
V -r
^
' ^ /
r
.'•^jf-
'■'^' "*"",/•
Mono Craters
Mono Lake
Mono Trail
PIUTE GEOGRAPHIC OR PLACE NAMES
of Mono Lake
of Bishop and Big Pine
Ah-Ve iv^'^'^^^ stone)
Koo-za-ba Pah-tse-ho-tak
Kwe-chah-bi -ah
v/
Kwe-jah-va-yah
of Lone Pine
1
Rancherias on Owens River
4 m. N. of Owens Lake
On W. side opposite Id. Delow George Creek
PIUTE GEOGRAPHIC OR PLACE NAMES
of Mono Lake
of Bishop and Big Pine
of Lone Pine
Pah-ro-ko-ah-ta
Pah-vS-de-kan-
noo
Oak Creek, at old Camp Independence
Olancha Creek
Rancher ia at Olancha
Owens Lake
Head of Owens Lake
./
Kwe-jah-pi-ah
::!, ■^
Tak-ke-sab-be
,./
I
0-Ia^-cha
Se-cHno-bitcrf
■ '■■ ^ ■ ■-■''■■ '"■ ■■-- ■:■'': 4'^
Paht-se-ah-tah
. ,,. ■;^-'.)r-.-
• ^
'^1
>■
Pah-we-go
'.,.1 ..a :»i
■' ' /.
A short distance Above Pah-v6-de-
kan-noo
About 1 ffi/ above Nah^-no-pi-ah
'•i^^.^.
Owens Valley
Jwens Valley from pig Pine South
^f''^:'- J-/
li:'-\
4 '.'.
"v ^i'^^r
a^4l6 Island,
no Lake (j/.^
PS,-kwe-hoo
),■■■■
Ti
r
Yo-ro-bah
/ s/
Pe-ton-a-gwat-ta
V.
-.>
»V\
/»
Wah-sah-gah-
, ter-roo Nah-no-pi-ah
Yah-kow-wu-te
Rancherias on shore of ^end Lake
Owens River
Bancheria at mouth of Owens River on
Lake shore, west side river mouth
■* <^
,x
Pah -tab
.. ..f
J"
■■•'*..
J ' 1
-'>',r
* v,
♦Si
•v^ > - ; .As'
i-Ta-roo-te
■ « . f'^'V- > '
■ .■♦of'... ■
'■^::'
■'i. •^
v» ,''**:'»*«
Lfldce
:■■•/
Pah-tah
Richter Creek
.•IV
'■»>•
I (
••.....■■.■*J.! f Ju#
■*»•
\1\
Pah^ving-fitch^
on
Richter Creels
'■>.. .•*■,.
- W"
. .iT t.
. 'sj/ v,;y ; -rvV ■'*••.: * -t' ^•-;.»
!:.;.■»'
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vy'v :;*■
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V"i I - ■
■.■;X ' ■ y^.M-
f** -^>
^7' ■^v..-;.*';*^;:i^!.. 'fc/'"5&#^^iLi'=i:
•A
''^■;j'/i ..V, Hij,
:-r-....
%*■-:
■>#o-
-ho ki-bah
KoO-yU-e p••V^-t%e•^^o.to.^^
Ki-va-roo-b®
V. :«■,
Ji ■ 'I','
..-f «•.»•
Moo-e-ma-tu
'?.'^"
■^■■^ "'yik
7
IV^^."-»V*'-;--,!^
.•i. ;■ -■■
»i
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,\" ■'■•<'
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^
\jV*,.
,,,t^.i
PIUTE GEOGR/PHIC NAMES OP PLACES
GEOGRAPHIC
of Ubno Lake
of Bishop and Big Pine
of Lone Pine
Walker Lake
Pock Creek
■.i:
Bound Valley
Peep
Kween-num-bah
-naW
I
Push Creek
Tii-be-gB-hoo-pu
tf Mono Lake
Ah-gi
Ar-ri p<=^k'-ts£-Vio-i:<k.k
Williamson Butte
.•■.3'/
Eanoheria at j«: Williamson Butte
.*■«*
Pancheria at Forks of Buch Creek
Hav< Hah-
•vah •bah'
;at-tin :ah-te-u
1' -,>.
1' .
Saline Valldy
Ko-o-kwat-ta
'u*
■»■■
Sheep Mt.
0-pi-ba gl^b
.■.-•;.k/V>' ,(
■1 ■ V.
' . -ft
Shooey or Sheperd Creek
^.
. /
» . ^
J.,'
^
.V'
Mts. back ofr
^;^^^^:^■•k^;^::iK^■'^:SP#€'*.^ 0 lanchai^--; .?-.■:•,:,
Williamson Peake
White Mts.
'.'•■■ ',4:'
r -^
•-*•
Mt, Whitney
^*
.!»
I. - ■-» .
tu ■■. ■
'J
Mt. Tom in High Sierra west of B i shop
r
V
V.--
-^f.
c
1 ' ■
■>
, ..ITuolumne Meadows
P&-ru-bit-tah
\ V .■" .' / ^ ■• "':•■■■■ ■■,••'•; V -':••• ^■■r-.'-n. •%. 'v/v ■-.'■•■ -^^'^f*- ;'::&>'^;^
Pah-vah-toi-a
■^■ >.•
.» ' »"
'. ■ ■■- '1 - -..Air • •'<■• •*'*''"* ' 4i t* ■ 'A ^ iA- ■ , . ■■ , ' V ■■•■■■ .'V'- v'O^/i' !»•'.■
k'*'':'^-.t-*-'
•• •■'-■- . • < ■•; „i- ■ r'-, . , .. -.1, ' '. ,'■ i % ."■ >.■•■■>. ■• .4
V /'•. V ■' - .• '• "
•■■«
•■/.'.'
.1. -,^^■
• i»..' '
(»•
V,,- '.' ■ '•- •''•>,■ ".-..v. * ;■ V !' , .;■>;■. ',-r ■■ , ■ '-•... i'r*m-'
1 ' ■• •^-* ^. ^ . \ii »■■• ;- ••■ ►. - , i- • ■■■ ■■
...•, -, ,■''>' sT **■ )• ■ ■ •( '.■•' ■■ ' 'I,, . ■ '■. -
* ■ '•- a\ ■■■,.
liM;
■•V, ». .
Tuttle Creek
V
Pah-hah-^h-ho'b r.... -.-.--.
."v^,, • ''^xi/. j»
^ .■
i •! ■ .rO* ■ ,■-•*• ■ • . ^'A ■,,' '■,." ■ .o'K*'»%h: > ' •..-•'■\.r.
Pancheria on Tutfte Creek
Pancheria on
small crdek 1 m. S. of Tuttle Creek
,<,
:. if
»., -4
■•1'
-. ^'. ^\f\: r'. , -'^.^ »^- '(r/ * '■ > t 1 ■>!■■-
• ■■ ..V ■ ■•'•'
r^
of Bishop and Big Pine
of Lone Pine
Hoo'-goo-pe-jah
Tfi^nu-gah-bu
Pah-gah-ge
Toi-ab-be
Toi-ab-be Tos-sah-toi-ah^
Ta-wo-kab'b
N
c-.*
Kah-nah-gow-we
\< V.
.s..^
i
\/
#^, . • » y-
.-. -i
■ vV
-^ " ' ' . ■j.'ii ■■■■•¥ .,^. ■ . ■ - *v > . * ^ it *■ , ' ,
- *•
■■■*•-•
' \
ttlSQSE OF TEE NAME
Th« uafortunate tern y^Tiotun was introduced into the literature of Anthropology in 1874 by the late Major J. ff. Powell who erroneously beliered it to be the proper name!-- the name used by themse Ires— for the Piiite of western Nevada But I have worked with these people for nany years and have found without •zMptien that they resent its application to themselves, saying that they are LIUTES. and that they never
heard of £ftililiSfi« it (19 one Q£=ii»
names that die hard— having
been adopted for Piute by Pilling in 1885, Kroeber in 1909, Hodge in 1910, Dixon in 1913 and 1915, Strong in 1927 and
1929, Storard in 1935, and Park in 1937— thus continul^ to the present tims. .
fly, faTJotaQ it a te» used 17 the Shoshone of centr levmda for ths Pinta of northwestern Nevada.
A
SN
Av^itir"^
i
''^i
^
PIUTE GBOGR/PHIC OR PLACE NiUHES
Of Mono Lake
Of Bishop and Big Pine
Alab;ana Ringe Back of Lone Pine; *^Big/^e3t middle hill>
Alab iiria Pam^e Hill iust ^. of Lone rine Creek
Antelope Valley N. Of Bridgeport
Ash Creek
Rancherias on ^sh Creek
Benton (place)
0 -nav -ve -gwa- tu
t: .«>
Of Lone Pine
Pe-a-ten
V.
Ut'-ta-oo'-le- wet-ta
Pe-gow-wah
Yar-ro-noo
O'-to-o'
^
~ A' I %
• •'. ■'.....• ('
O-zah-wah-nah Pat-too-roa-ba
.^- \
■::h\
1^1
PIUTE GEOGRAPHIC OR PLACE NAMES
Of Mono Lake
Carroll Creek
Rancheria on Carroll Creek
Carthage Creek
Rancherias on Carthage Creek
Casa Diable
X
Cottonwood Creek
Of Bishop and Big Pine
Pah-o-rit-too'
ru-bag
Of Lone Pine
Se-wah-roop'
Se-hu-be roob'ba
O-re-rok-ke'
1 1 **
Pi-ah-roo-ba I ng-ah -rah-ne-be
Hoo-rup
Hoo-du
(vl..
Big Pine
Bishop (place)
ishop Creek
Bloody Canyon
\K. -'■-;
./
Hoo-too-er-rah
Bridgeport Valley Po-gah
'W
To-o-hah-tse
/ x-
Pah-ho-ve gaet-ta
Yo-gah fliud-de Wah-kah-haw-pah
A
•-.i-
'V
.-Xi
'.r-'
Ranoheria on Qottonwood Creek
Crater Island
|
/A ■■'■'■'' ./ ^"fi-^ ■ |
||
|
;-,,.. 1 |
||
|
■ |
Mt. |
Dsina, north |
|
• ■ ^1 |
si( |
ie Mono Pass |
|
:.;•■ , ■ ■■, |
||
|
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||
|
/ . n' |
||
|
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' " * . - ' |
|
|
^ ^■ |
^ ' ^ . * > , .- . ' '' |
|
|
. |
- , ■ ' ■ ■ . , |
|
|
•'-.. 't').'.',' ' 'y •'•■'**' ''-."'., ' V". '• S''",*'^' ■-••'^> ■'"., .. ■?"-,*.'«'?•".•'•', '.'jB • |
■' ■ ■ . |
'' 1' • |
|
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|
-■ •". :.,,„',■ ■. ft • ,■ ,■•... -A . .'•• ■.■■ -•*>• I |
1 ' ■ ! , |
. < - " |
|
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|
i "■ * ■ M . |
||
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. ' ' • • -, '-''-■' "!?'j "x' '■«'/^' "■■;.. *"V"^ ■.,.«•--'« |
< |
|
|
,.' .\ '• |
Too-hoo-gah-dah
Se-pah-ki-bah
/ — i /
Ho -rip Ho-roob'b
;■ ■ •■* , ' .;-... v.'"'
■ . ,,, , ■ .,'■■
c/
PIUTE GEOGRAPHIC OR PLACE IWHES
Of Mono Lake
Of Bishop and Big Pino
Of Lone Pine
Le^ining C-myon
PIUTE GEOGRAPHIC OR FLACE N-*MES
of Mono Lake
of Bishop and Big Pine
of Lone Pine
Deep Spring Valley
Siv-?e-tiT) te-
TOi
Little Lake
Fish Lake Valley (Pipers)
Serve na-guet-tah
Little Pine Creek At Independence
0-k^-ro'b
George Creek
Pa-roop'
Little Walker Lake- let, Mono Co. Calif
Pah-be -tah-gwa
Lowest Village On George Creek
Higih Sierra
Independence
Place little S. Of Independence
Inyo Mountains
Pa-Tia ki-bah Oe-*fe-u-ki-bah
-/
Pah-yaht toi-
ab-be
Pah-me-te toi
av-Te
Shuk-«iheT-vah
Toi-av-ve
Tep-poo-2e
•c, '•-
I
f
' :'., 'I
-0-wer
Lone
Bancheria ofl Site of present Town of Lone Fine
Lone Pine Creek
• . f
Hancherias on ^ Lone Pine Creek
\^'
Pah-ha-e- wah-
t«'
Pah'-o -whah
Sang-wah'-a- ho»b Wo-ko-be-ho'b
Pah-o -poo -St Sing-ah-buz-ze
V\^^iA^-v. Pi-tip'-pe^
-du-se-a
|
,. - |
Long Valley |
Kween-nS.-bat |
|
Mammoth |
Pat-selt |
|
|
'■*'■'■ \ |
1 • '* «■ ■ * Mammoth Pass ^ |
Ow-stu-^a-kah |
|
'" ' ' ' < * ■'■»:<• ■ - ,« '' • .-, • ■ • • > |
. • .r, .'■■■',,' . '■ •^, - .^^V--- ■:■■ ■';,-..-• ,. ■ ■ ,'-■ , ,/ - •■■'-.' .. ... ,• ^ .■ -• -" ■ ' /■> ,■'■■■■■■-■..':;.,' |
i |
Kwe -na-f7;we -tah
•/ (^
■ fj, . r I
Jf ,» " »^''r-*V^P'fl|^
i,^i!
C
Mif-WT, «
PIUTE GEOGHAPHIC OR PLACE N/lffiS
of Mono Lake
of Bishop and Big Pme
of Lone Pine
PIUTE CffiOGR/PHIC OR PLACE NAMES
of Mono Lake
of Bishop and Big Pme
of Lone Pine
Mono Craters
Ah-ve
Mono Lake
Koo-z&-ba Pah-tse-ho-tak
Kwe-chah-bi-ah Kwe- j ah-va-yah
Mono Trail
Oak Creek, at old Ca/np Independence
0 lane ha Creek
Rancheria at 0 lancha
Owens Laice
^ad of Owens .Jake
Bancherias Qp shore of Owens
Lake
Owens River
,^)ancheria at cnouth of Owens River on Lake shore . west
side river rrouth
./
Kwe-jah-pi-ah
* •
Pah-tah
f ■ .•
Tak-ke -sab-be
0-lahn-cha
Se-o-no-bitcn
Paht-se-ah-tah
I
Pah-we-go
Ki-va-roo-te
Pah-tah
' " t'
. * ... V
Pah-ving-witoh?
'--<;
X-
■tr;
' *A-
, t^ ' ■ ■••}■ .> .'r
Rancher ias on Owens ^irer
4 m. /N. of Owens Lake
On W. side opposite Id. oelow George Creek
A short distance Above Pah-ve-de-
kan-noo
About 1 m* above Nah^no-pi-ah
bwens
:-\ '' ~^
, \
^\
\
Ot^ns Valley Big Pine South
»v
I ■
"■■-o:..-^'
•"%
fi
^'
Pa-a-ho Island,- Mono Lake
\
N^
Parker Peak
Pyramid Lake
Richter Creek
Rancheria on Richter Creek
PS, -kwe -ho 0
Yo-ro-bah
Pe-ton-a-^at-ta
Too-hog-we-dah
Sih-no ki-b€Ji
Koo-yu-e e«.v-\%t-V\o-"tQLW
Pah-ro-ko-ah-ta
Pah-vS-de-kan-
noo
Wah-sah-^h-
f ter-roo Nah-no-pi-ah
Yah-kow-wu-te
Yo-goop Yo-guts
•^ -' -be
Ki-va-rdo
Moo-e-ma-tu
*;.
Sheep Mt.
PIUTE GEOGRAPHIC OR PLACE NAMES
|
of Mono Lake |
of |
Bishop and Big Pine |
of Lone Pine • |
|
|
Rock Creek |
• |
• |
||
|
Round Valley |
Peep • |
Kween-num-bah |
• |
|
|
Rush Creek |
Tu -be -^ -hoo -pu • |
t |
||
|
Remcheria at Forks of Ruch Creek |
Ha?-vah-gat-tin Hah-bah-kah- te -u |
• |
||
|
Saline Valley |
Ko-o-kwat-ta |
Shooey or Sheperd Creek
VU Tom in High Sierra west of B 2 shop
Pah-vah- to i -ahb
Tuolumne Meadows
Pi-ru-bit-tah
Tuttie Creek
0-pi-ba gi'b
Sah*gah-ro'b
7
Pah-hah-f5ah-ho • b
PIUIE GEOGRAPHIC NAlfES OR'PLACES
of Mono Lake
of Bl«h6p and Big Pine
of Lone Pine
Lake
Ah-gi
Williamson Butte
Hoo'-goo-pe-jah
Rancheria at Williamson Butte
Tfi-nii-gah-bu
Wi
Peake
Pah-^5ah-ge
Toi^ab-be
White Mts
Toi^ab-be Tos-sah-toi-ah^
rt. Whitney
Ta-wo-kab'b
rts. back of Olancha
Kah-nah-gow -we
Rancheria on Tutte Creek
Pah-go 0-00
Rancheria on
amall crdek l_m.
Tuttie Creek
O-gan-o-we'-te
0
INTERRELATIONS OP CALIFORNIA TRIBES OF PIUTE AFFINITIES
The (Pyramid Lako^^riff ^^a yi^c^ Ptpj^s are closely related tribes of Northern Piute, to he grouped togeth- er in striking contrast with the Chemeweve or Southern
Piute tribes; and also, though p««tep5 in less marked
contrast, with the MonacJEe) o^^t^wens Valley. Pj
The
Panamint . Pakwazidjy and Shoshone Afwr»j(^ndtner group, ^thn^igh "^ goT"qgha-i__comgle3r^lation8
Motia che
y
Mono TjiVft
Piute oh the north and
.«<«♦
-«»•-
lypiSi1^4^nache aijd Panamint
■**♦«
Shoshonb 09u.tM south — pome words agreeing ftth or
.i^
\
The Southern Piute (jpioludfato the;(^hemeweYe . -t-k ^ Las Vegas Nuvahandits. the Moapa Pahranagatseu, and
the more distant Tehachapi Newooah if orm a distinct
group hut show relationships with the Panamint and 5t>»sk«yv«.,
Piute Affinities
B
^vr^f'VJt
Of the tribes of the Chemeweve group, kno*m-ta-»e , the ^ewoofah and Tolchinne are most aberrant^ Jfeey
show^ relations hips
to both Monache and Shoshone.
It is a curious and interesting fact that many
Newooah and Nuvahandi t words agree with or to Northern Piute.
closel
:i
A great break occurs between tne\Soii*feei?R-~Pittte ff ft'group^^stretchijSg from the Tejon-Tehachapi Mountains easterly to tbe Colorado River, and the Uilohi'nean^^groupi.A
fWflupying^the southwestern part of •^^ Mohave Desert
S^^Stt *"^ '^-'^v
and adjacent ■ mountains on tho south. And still great-
er breaks exist between the Tubotelobela of Kern Valley and the Tongva of the San Fernando-Los Angeles region, for these very distinct tribes differ so radically from one another and from all existing Shoshonean tribes
that their reference to the same stock is somewhat strained.
PIUTE TRIBBS OP CALIPORNU
The Pintq tribes of California and Nerada fall
/"
naturally into several groups; ^^i&h i inoline -to
famllj lant*
1» The Northern Piute of northwestern Nevada,
southern Oregon, and eastern California (reaching south to Walker Lake and the White Mt. Divide).
2. The Monache of Owens Valley, including the close- ly relatedA tribes of the west slope of the Sierra Nevada. ^3. The gputhern f iute comprising the New-oo-ah. Tollchin-ne .
Ntt-YPh-an-dit, Pab-ren-g-gaht-fiAtt* and Qhea-e-we-Ye tribes.
Still farther south are the Mo hinean' tribes^ conmonly called Serrano, nd embracing the Ke^tanomookum. Moheahnemn .
and Maringam^. These are rather closely related to one another but are too distinct linguistically from the Piute
to be classed with them.
\
The Tong-va and Tubotelobela stand apart from all the
/ -
others and from one another. The Tong-vfi are distantly
related to the so-called Serrano — the Ketanomoolnm of the Tejon and the Mo^aahneum of the San Bernardino region — but the kinship is remote and no affinities with other tribes haye been detected.v The Tubotelobel^ likewise stand alone, although a few words are essentially the same as in Koo'-pah^ and Pi yii Aq (Li^jgftpo). and a yery few agree rather closely
with
L
«*-i»«**i
mmmtmmmmmamiim^-itmimm^ammmm^'i^l^mmmmtmmmmmmmmmmamammmtimm'mimi
V It is true that a few ble the same words •• in Pi
I
"Serrano").
words agree with or resem- oTLuiseno), while a larger ' " iak« This corresponds to .anguages with the Mohinean
^ahwe'sil^ and Koo^-pah. This corresponds" to lionshin of these lani *^' ^' "'*
•vj
V...'
u
9)
PIUTE TRIB^ OP C/LUX)RNIA
The Piute tribes of Celifornla and Nevada fell naturrlly into several groups, which I incline to rf^gerd as of subfamily rank. 1. The lititlbexil Eiutft of northwestern Nevada, southern Oregon, and erstem California (reaching south to Walker Lake and Vhite
Ut. divide).
2, The Monflohe of Owens Valley and the closely
relotedXtribVf of the west slope of the Sierra Nevada. 3. The Soiithflm Piute comprising the NflW-QQ-flh.
i¥
Toi-Qhin^ne. Nii-Ynh-ffn«di t.
, and
tribes.
The Unbinnan tribes, connonly c«lled SfiXTfiUCL.
end embrrcing the
, iiohflahnftum. and
Maringfitt, ere too distinct linguistically to be
clcjssed with the Piute.
Monache. In my condensed tabulated voof bularies of Calif. -Nevada ohoshonean tribes (comprising about
170 words):
Monpche agrees with Northern Piute in 70 v?ords pnd dif-
fers in 94 words.
Monache agrees with Panamint Shoshone in 57 and 'vith
Central Shoshone in 42.
Monflohe agrees with Nuvahandit in 27 Moneche agrees with Newooah in 21.
It is clear therefore that the Konnche are of miired
affinities, their ancestry dating beck apparently to a
•, * ■. >
period antecedent to the complete differentiation of the present peripheral tribes known as the Northern end South-
em Piute and Panamint Shoshone.
^QHIN?;iN
(Celled Serrano by the Spanish).
\uy vooabularies show thrt the language of the
Mo-ha-ah-ne-mn or Mohineam of San Bornardino Uts. is
essentially the same as that of the Tejon Ke^tah-nft-moo-kmi^y and thrt the Moringflm is only slightly different* And
old Indirns ?aj thft Yukipiain ip essentially similar*
My vocahulrries show that the &flstfiJh=na=mfift=kBBL. Mohinflam. Marangan. gahweflilrf Cahuilla), Koopg ^ and
Piyumkos ( Luiseno) dialects are very olosely interre- lated; that perhaps the Kahwea ik and Mohinaag are the closest, and that the Piynmkogfor Luiseno) is as close
to Mohi^neai^ as it is to Kahwealk.
KoQ-pah T contrary to the usual belief, seems to be
a little closer to ILahafiaikCCahuilla) than to Piyumkgg^ Kroober is in error therefore in writing "Cahui 11 a-
t
since coUectiTely these tribes form o nrtursl pnd com- pcct group which differs widely from the Southern Piute
or Nfttfr-Qo-ah.Chemewere grCup. If any division is justi-
fied, it would seom to be to set off the Pi yniffkoa and
their close relatives the Aka tchmg and 2fiZfiH& from the others. Butj(no thing- should \be done until f more care- ful comparison oj the vocEbuleries hps been made*
Luiaeno** as opposed to ^Sarrand^f Mohinftam & Maringawl
G-CX
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Ask what they know about Buffalo in early days.
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INFORMATION TO FIND OUT:
Dividing line between g^rthern Pj^t^, of MonfiJiafe& andJipnaohi of Oweps Valley,
Monaclie Names
Ihat are Po-ofrV>..te-kah of Long Valley
What are i^«^-p*^>i--pat-9e of Round Valley
What are f}'-y^^-Y^ -^'^"-^Bh Of Bishop Greek
What are
->ift-va-r&-ze of Mts. north of
Benton Valley
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Inf ofmation botainad ivm^SMei^M^
ivJUaU<
Information obtained from Harrison Diaz,
Httte, Bishoi^Calif • Maj
'c'><W%..,
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1 .
p.^'
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I v" •
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, ?:^
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i^ara danoes were held.
. • -1..
in. .■■•'■ i.
J9v0d
^ aoonMl,and so on pat
■,iAf-l^u
k '
;. ••*1r%''^^
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t •^ »
'^^^^^danoes bat nerlpfoafi^ mnoh« Soma^igbts
¥■ ■ •' ■■:■ -'-.-^i .: ..■■■.' ■ ■■'• •• •' ir\'-,.^ - ■ ,♦•,.. fv-,. ■ - ■• . ■ J :i
land^^oii %tber roots
■-■ '^\~U,*?^^'
s tbiimy tbej ased long Ume ago.**
•r •.. .'k t.* .....
. , »,••
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pipe* Had
€"
tobacco and amoked it*
i <
t-r- ./,<,
* ear ring
-» f
on f liboi tint Tory little tattot^ng^
»■*'-■ •■'■ . ^
to noie 8tiolq(r^
•lt».
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Didn^l barn dead, Barild them in ground
^1^
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troubieiff getting intii aisq^tt. fle^ ; iilnrotlier \rt^ Hil jme fws^jto
ih-^iltfii good «&^ee at«^*iihat
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to' a© la^ he dldn^ t do it and iJo he g^t into lots of irouhlcj
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^ fOO-flOOK^ImJH or T0O-HdOK-MUT€H A Western Honache trioe closely related to wq-pon-nutch .
<•■'*;'■ vi>' "^' ■ ^^-i-
'M'
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A 1 ' >'», ,
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I*
Infomation from an old woman naned Jane Waley, wife of old Joe Waley^a Wobanutch from Mill Plat YalleyJ. Mrs.Waley was bom and raised at Haslet t Basin. Additional information_wa obtained from another Too-hook-mutch woman.
sc
1 , .r-l-' '■" . «>t. 't'. ^^'^
fi* >
•.:•%.<
_wa8 rieinallv falso^ from
Haslett'Basin# [Her husband, Charley Joe, i s^y^o^pan^nu t oh from Mill Flat Valley] . All of these Indians in 1930 were living in Mill Creek Valley near Dunlap — in Bniftimbitoh territory. Mrs. Waley thinks her language the same as that of her Wo*panutch husband. This proves not strictly correct. Oharley Joe pronounces the name of his wife's tribe To o-hoo*kah'-mut en and also called it Tsoo»»->-#a-tah.
(•k
■^v v.. •'*.,. ^'n sf-it-r^-^-
The territory of the Too-hook-kwitch or Too-hook-Hnntch
ri^^^^^^^^^ as Too-hook»kah-mutoh . and slurred Too«>hook-'Waj and
.■V ,
J^-:r-';«^>
J Too-hoolf) extends broadly along the north side of Kipgs Eiyer from Trimmer easterly to Dinkey Creek, and, according to the ^1^ Waleys, considerably farther east— the hunting ground continuing IliJifWer Rogers Ridge and reaching even to Tehipite,
IPoo^heok^utch appears to be the proper name for
'•n-^i •;•,'
the several Monache-Piute bands on the north side of Kings River
Jrom Trimmer (or Triimner Springs) northeasterly and easterly to
/'^
• V' 'l'' i*5
and beyond Dinkey Creek
H^:,
It therefore becomes the proper
name for the groups called Holkoma and Towincheba by
r
me m
, and which have been ado
i -4 •
several followers*
'«! V'* '-t-'
>*j^
k-'.
)■:
-V
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<5»»*.
■,^
|
)ok-rautch |
|
|
and his |
|
|
* * . • |
|
|
a |
- *•' '.*■■ |
from information obt8in«y| Jgii recent years it has
Jl7oi
f
become evident
'M^' *.-. '^^
■■V5^ ••"'■1-
>.
that not only Holkoma »Bd Towincheba. but also Choo»e-now^wi t (or Tsoo-e-now-wit) of UasXett Besm, Hoo'-doo-ge»dah of Cole Spring, Pi^-yu-mi on Pine Pot -no- wit at Tollhouse, Toi-nitch •n^toi^Il^ehS ) ofJ^-?>
-^\4':^,:--'\.XJmxi^^^^ v..^•^.: ":,v-'.. -'■%..-.. . .- .;.;■•"' .'•' #?^-
TrinBer Springs, and Yo->win^e^wit at Fandango (jroun4 ar#? | S^^ really rancheria bands, all speaking essentially the*iamc" ' ^ '^'^ ^^- language.
M
*■*■ 'f^ "■■'" J>if -.U.'J ■'" ' ♦'Aft' * -• 'S'' " ■ -1 . i (■■',•" ■' , 'J^ V »(■■ • ■ • -■*•,. «■'.■»'■ "Z
■■'A:
♦i*-^T'-,;2 >":.,. i|y>l-- ■;i,|.. . vv .,►■ - .''...... •. '•. * . .\
V.V
•t'^w.
-*!•».,'
RANCHBBIA SITES (PAST AND PRESENT) TRIBUTARY TO KINGS. RIVER
Marked on U.S.G.S. map sheets sent me by Jo^ A^- ** * ^^Shv^®"??.^/? NttiSnal Park. a«i Guy Hopping. Supt. Gen. Grant »*^y2ite & Dinu^
1. Sycamore Creek Indian School— many now.
2. Upper Deep Creek. Rush Creek. Big Creek. & Haslett Basin-many
now.
Caisp
'hook^-mutch
jpnotion of Bear Meadow Creek. Toe On east side of high ridge east of Secate Creek a little more
than
.V^ftftkW^toh.
5. At or near haad of small creek in mountains 1 mile due west oi
present Trimner* TftO*hQo^-«^^0"
6. On west side of junction of Secate Creek with King? River.
T99»hQQk^mutoh
7. On west side of junction of Dinkey Creek with North Fork Kings
River. TQQ"hQQk'«mutch
BOieithrfif North Fork Kings Riter. Possibly Too-hQPkHflwtoh
[ear haad
east of
but may be ancient' tribe.
King?
southeast of
foDonutch
V.
V*
\
XV
>•-.'-■,. , . <■
Hancheria Sites
10. Half a mile north of Horth Fork Kings River on west side of
Creek not named on map but 3i miles east of junction of Dinkey Creek with lorth Fork Kings* Possibly Too-hookHanitoh
11. On aast side of lower part of Mill Flat Creek two miles east
of Crabtree and (airline) about li mile south of Kings Riyer. Camp No. 3. fcfponutoh
12. On Rogihes Creek northeast of Red Mountain and west of Granite
Ridge, H or 4 miles north of Piedra. Probably Toi»he-ohe.
13. On north side of Kings River li mile east of Piedra and nearly
opposite the moutii of Mill Creek. Frobably Toi-fae»oha.
14 In Mill Creek Valley below forks. qho-e»nim«ne.
15. On
Mountain north of west end of Squaw Valley, 1 mile
Surrey 3enohr>B>z*k Alt. 3356
•nah
16. In southwestern part, of Squaw Valley on west side of road just 1 mile southeast of U.S.(j.S.3bnoh-nark (Alt. 1693). Chokimina
17. On south side of old Dunlap road midway between Squaw Valley
and Dunlap. Chokimina
-X-.
18. Dunlap or Mill Cr»ek Valley— many Indians. Sntimbitch & others
19. Near Lookwood Cr. south of junction of Middle & So* Fks. Kings. Rirer
i ■-.
».»'■••
"•}
r
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. --^-v-/^*
V.
>^:..
-> } J-
«•. .,''■
.m- '
5. ^'
^A*v'>
',.'■*■,
t-ftV-
Ranoheria Sites 3
T|9 lumber camps of 1887 or 1888 » indicated on the Dinuba
U5&S
and Tehipite ^quadrangles by the numerals 3,4,4i,8i 4 (all in
territory of Woponutoh) are:
Camp 3: Millwood (in Millwood Flume).
Caa^ 4: On south side of Kir^s River at junction of Mill Flat Cr,
Camp 41:: At Rogers Crossing of Kings River li mile west of mouth
of Mill Flat Creek.
Camp
f junetoMi quadrangle
marked by John R. White).
'.J; V ^ RI!ICHK8lMI13a JP^
Marked on
and Ouj
)
Grant National Park. jS^o^^
.<'.^
'*'* ,/■
"A .rr''
#■■' » ,
,i
' it:
Cr^ek liUan School-|pany
j^-:-U
-ii'\ •
■ V
lr
*i Uppeyr Jeeji JxH
Hon west al(*|inkey l^k aljgeaa
''■-^■"••^^.■.
...T.
^*''
' „>- ^„ ,t ■ -'
., „.'. .. . . H." V - >•;■ • ■'- ■■■• -'.-'
t-> ' ..?•
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3r
-A,
-'it '
-■X i
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>*iu. - -.* .».,.
* , t'*^
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-^ K»'r
'-• -
<'
V,-
■•4.> ' *
•a
.V . . < ...
• ..a-..
, ..(-V .
?*£5fstA: It or near hOfl
|
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|
?,.. 7' ••* . O |
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
.-.>..' ' . . • ' ^,', |
On we s%, fide of
....... . -v-i*. ■'-.'. .- 4 «.»«?.■ •^. ....... .,;
haad
■? '■,.>'>».'»■
i-f:-*^'-' • *■r,J'Uf^•■ r. .."> . .■ • -♦jv,-„'v^...i....5
litfiV 9,- On KingP Rlf«r at
inay be anol^R^^M^
...5i^^.>.>.f..v::;!^>:;*V.-*'
Morth
%%\x% about 1 ttiitt ■wtlwA
,:i'>.:."
:..].•'
. >■*■ -•^, - • 'J.'. -?. -. . -• " •■ o >••-■"•■: . ■..'. ■> "c
■:,:r /--*> K'....^. ^->*..^V «:'&--' ^^ ' . \ ' ''"^^v • '
?,:■:♦', .- .•:.'.'.f..
Banohsria
2
J^ :
fMb*
/' *>
v.
;;>
■ *r .
'^^ ../^:■■-^
■'A■ ..
■•■:>♦*■■
lorih
•T'^-^*,
1 • V
n:-'-'
nEooid onia^la^ of junotlon of
Rorth fort Kings*
■V-
Powibly Too-hooK'-imitoh
11. On east side of lower part of Mill Flat Creek teo miles east of j(^|ili ai4iairii^ about li my«» iiM^tb pf Kings Rife]
V.
Caasp
■.«•''
> '
) t^ t
-vt,
^>•■■
_3!*"'
',!(*■'' "fv
•^:
.4
J
• ■!»
-v-f • ..,'
'■ ,'. «,
-\
n Hughes Creek northeast of Red Mountain and west of Gra Bidge; 5i or 4 miles north of Piedrat* IProbab^ Toi-he«che^
'.lit
■■')'"
''i ■
-S
f^-'-^-r.'ir,-*'l,..:r'ii '■. . ■•■-■-■I.- - ,:i)
J: ^H"- .■ './i,- " ,"••■.■'■ '■■•,'':.■ V"-'",".""
13. On north
'•^ ^
'■ "^vi"' i'.i.:v.
V,
'/I.
1- fc -
opposite the SK>
Kinga Kiver If mile east
«-<
i^-i--A
:^;^.-A/«?^
.■^T'-,*- ■•.''."-■
'♦;■>' ' ■•• ■' ■"'■ ■■■' •
i:»r ;■..*): 06-/" ^''y'
-•Mit'■•■■«-^..J^^>f'Af.
■■"■'■-i-j ■■'-'" ■'■« "^' "fl' /z-.^. "15
ooably Toi*pe«cha>
' v.'„
r'-v r
■'•i *»'
.".uc^V'-V
,*• ..f**^ ''-^(.»*
-<■ ■ >.
H--,.;;A. •'•
'»■ ■-»■
."■■■■■'■■ '.» .'. "' " ■".?; " ■! '"
- 'V ." „;;
B. On
.. ita'in'TOfth of west eiiii^'of'''%iiJw''Taltlfe:i^M
tieoLSorm >^»i^Mi# !if ^1^%/; t^>'m^^^mmmmmB:m
8(|j|th side of old IXinla^ r^ midway |,t^toi^
and Dunlap» Chokiroi
.lilSi^ 18^ Itara^ or Mill Creek ▼allev-«iBaif^indianiS Bmtimbitoh & otherr
■.'/•i**Vj)Ft-.-*
• Fks* Kings. Kifer.
I .>M> ... ,^4,'^_... ,• ,.. . - I ,, „ -, ■• ' j « ■'», ;jt. V. ■». v.. ■ ■ , - ..i-. -• r'*-ji* «"■> ■■ ■♦. ' "« ■■'■,'
I ■ " 1 ■ ^ . ..-'»■ .■^« ,-- . ■>' ■ ,,-.'- '- - , ■ ••,..'■■-.■: ^ N^ 4^1 -J ■ >' ■•.■*► ■.<,!.-■■.> -•»■ ■.. , . ■ . "i -
I ■■ , - '. ^ .»-<* - ,,.,:.'' ■., , . :.A ■ * ..t '^ -. - .^w ...' 1 - '. . - r V'.,' u~>. ■-•. ■ . -. . •■•■ . 'I ..."»*-;■•'
,'"-'^yt'
I...
."' ..".: ''1' ..J
..^ J ,
Banoheria Sites 9
'' <M .
■ -riy--
• !
V-
iA"
The luBib«r eaniw
Of as ^
dpi te>v quadrangle]
olr Woponatoh)
1888^ iniicated on the Dlnuba
in
V »
are:
. ?•
i>^ '»*',"
|
» |
||
|
1. .■' |
Camp ^; Millwood tin fillwood ?ltwe
■i'
Camp
Iv •
*.-v
:^>;7
da of Xii«a l^tr at 4)«na|^^
..... «...,, yiat ^ — ^^
M- '■■<
Flat Cr.
i;,.
vest of mouth
Another &SID 4; Loqated on west side of tidge between lx)ckwood t -- *
; If Bile south of jmoUmt
/
The rancherias of the Too-hook-mutoh were located at
intervals from Sycamore Creek easterly to Dinkey Creek, beyond
which there were int no villages.
'^ Char
^
le Joe's wiie^nas iive vertical narrow lines
on her chin — one median, with two on each side. ehOs i
utch fr
talks the same a
--M ^^-giT- r^-."****""*^'-"***''*'***'"*'^'**"''"""**
tho whaley<|'(now living at ininlap) roo-hook-mutchil
^rs
?
Jane ^maley«)»eifig a
tribe
HOO-DOO-GE-DAH BKSD OF TOO -BOOK-HUTCH
:;• I
Headquarters v:. Hoo'-doo-gn^-dah raneheria at Cole Spriz^ on Fine Kidge east or sycamore creek and north of Kings Biver*
Infonnation from Charley Joe, a fullblood foi)onQt9h bom and raised at ths Mill Flat Creek raneheria. He married a Too-hook^^Biteh woman from Haslett Basin and f ornsome years they liyed together at Cole Spring. Now (1930) they naye settled among the Sntimbitch at Dunlap» Fresno County.
Informant insists that the proper nme of the Cole Spring people is Hoo'-doo-ge'-dah and that thty talk the same as the Too -hook Hmitoh of Haslett Basin and Sycsmore Creek— of whom they are one of the raneheria bands. I obtained a yocabulary from him, which he assures me is Hoo'-doo-ge'-dah. He speaks much more deliberately than the foponutch ("Wopoj") of the yalley of Mill Flat Creek, whose home he calls Ko-o-ne>jft.
■■<:\
™i:.
^* .*; ■ , ' ■!»' A^y A' ^ ^
■( » t.'
■■i~\''\': ■''*«? ■■,•;
■f
Hoo-doo-ge-dah
2
t
i understood uharlie Joe to say that a line from
« .'■>
, ' >f>
w
•■«\
,V *'„v>\- -/"v;
^ . f t V
fioQ-doo-ge-dah
Kvste'v^k
tiaslett iJasin to i^inkey Ureek is their boundary; and that Uinkey ureek is the boundar/ betwlenjthe aah-kah-de , the
>.. . • /■ ' ■,.■.■■■■ , I -
/ - . . . . .J. ^-
Too-hoo'-ka-mutch of Haslett Basin, and the Hoo^oo-ge-dah of
.. • • ' * ' ■ .,'•.• ■, •■
oole bpring— but i fail to understand his geography.
) ..
A ■
■t
H
R *
He located the -i^Qwlin>ohe-bah on Little ureek— or*a little creek-- "toward Haslett j[^ain**,wliich would be
'•/."■
* >
-tl
'- (
•.&' •;vi
east from his place at uole spring, it would seem therefore: that the fow-in-ohe-bah proper (probably a rancheri a) were on
-> <.
'; ; ,v
l.!tL«fc.i*W''-'^'5''>V"'>-*.< »'■'■<■.•'■ »,
*■■♦;■
('^> '
'-S n
one of its branches.
V 1", • '■'
,-V.'
,,J
•»r*
/' .'» 'tf
M«r' V'i^^'
>. t' ^
KaMwwMWfaaMMM^MMn
, i{ ■»
ii^-^aliF^at Ih^ 2|i^^ ^^^1
,•'■' . <,« , S
11 south of iiasletl^asin and speaK
^•;;
ifHoikomah;
i > ■■>■'■.
"X \-
that an Indian named t>a-kah-a
.\
'•.•V-> ,:l^;-■v"V,^:t.T;^■i'y^
'.;,,.' *^', ■■••'■■
at brosi (SeptVl930|
!f
a sorff^fi^
; .1 >. » '• ^ J- ••
ne says that there are no Indians in «atts valley
II r ■■ ■■■iiinain im
f aiii itiii I mv
m> "wi
He states that the &o-ko-he-bah of mrr valley
lie call8^J!L5k-he-l)a and k5k-heb.
•now all dead
were a different tribe from the r 0 0 -ho 0 -kah-mut ch.
i'he name of iiycamore ureek is i:'ah-ho-too-ar«rah
*• JtJig ureek *^ ! ^*'
ii;iaush ureek -^ - " - ;
II
M
■S., .<!:
^•i!;^,^^
. ,..■«
'vN
• 'J?'*
•4*:
-« -4 > .
If
Other statements from Uharley Joe;
9
•1 • 4
i V ^ <■
''*■
.-, ' ♦ i
.Y . ' *
! • I; A. ' >■■. V . ■ ": ', ,
irvflfcftklittle creekj-'toward
.. i.>*,- ■'! ■/'I
■ ,*. ' ; /,
(west of) Haslett i^asin.
'''i.Jt'
-\A>Jt
U^c
i^e-neHffit-tah/^arently/i
■".y
■•c^
»><%*»»
^ ?oo-lioo'-k&-mutcli#
' '■'.r.'i'
He say^ the Tol-Se^che were of
^'';/^-
'V ,■'■, ,>
>■■ :'••
> ' ',
$r«m 'Trimmer jMuthwocterl j>ana were an
..v-\J*'.,t . ' y. ' k i '■in.'' ,. ' 'j^/ ■■•>■, ' ■<-■,,
IPiy^l;- i;2::i4WI»^- ^01 e spring
ri^':?--^ ^:^^'*i*ikdMr'^ -.v'.'v^^.-v.'A <•>•;.>'"( .,■ ■ ■.,«i#-^aM'r''''1^^'';. ... '' ,*• ' >Tm, ''•.ii'-.' ^•^^■:. • ■■,•
., 'if\!
place) Soo-he'-bah-wi'-tah— home of jooLziMr
" t ■■ . '. ''■k .&■■ wj iH
U^
' ;2p#^l*...^^|iip||f ^ iw^ at. ' Hasl ©t t . .-^asin ( wi f e » s' Wibe]
. r, ... . ,.■(.„, ■■if'? :,\ ,/.:fl.^.,,.J;4.. rr'-'.' ' s'^'Wifipo. '.v:-:'A': .*^'?.'-^
-;. « '*•■ .' ■•■\'.^--<vi^;-v.Av.,.-,t:^^*.i>.,v'' \ s . ■♦^i^i " ■^i'S' 4j»*'% ^f^S'^ '^vl rV'. '■'"';• ^""^''■■■"
'''•■■"■ ;.. ■..■.-..¥.■ ■ ;. ■■.;-fi^r': vm^ ■i^mmi-^:r,?'-0r*r^''y'.m^--^'' ;-'ft-i.m'.:t:.^„«,*
. • '■■.■;■.' .■■■"•/j*"/';fc^'>. '-..'"^V •: •'■ . '*•.,■.•.■' • '■' '■ '' " (■-'**■'''■'' ' ' . '•^:-., ■
■'M-r','". ."..» ^ ii !■■■''''*'.' j\ ..' '''i- ■f I'.j.fj;.,,, ,..'-.'f-:. ->',,, ';. • ...tT;'. ' . ,
«•''.■."
1buXj<
:'oo-hoo-kah-mutcK. bays her Jalk. x^^^
ywi'^'^' ■/■'■'■
''. ■*,' '-^
ane "naiey, wi
inok-mutch spoKBll Dy
old Joe Whaley now liTing at
fXA:
^!*^'-«#^,' "'"
-,rj. M -■ ;','■■ 1
THE WO-PO-NUTCH (fO-PON-WITCH . fO-PONG-UTCH or fO-PUNG4IITCH
SLURRED WO-POJ
O-POJ')*^
The Wo-po*mtch are a leatern Monache tribe f oraerly occupying the mountainous area between Kinga River on the north and the Siant Sequoia Forest known as Gen« Grant Hational Pto-k on the south. The heart of their country was the Talley of Mill Plat Creek, whence they ranged easterly to or beyond Boulder Creek. The western boundary was sharply marked by the crests of Pine or Delilah Ridgs and McKensie Ridge.
On the west and southwest their territory adjoined that of the related Bntimbitch; on the soutH (south of Gen. Grant National Pfcrk), tlat of another Western Monache tribe, the Wuksache. Thus in all directions they adjoin tribes of their.
between them and the nearest tribes of that stock— the Qjoenimnt
and Ghokimina.
^ Informtion from old Joe Waley and middle aged son Will Waley. both bS?5 a«i raised in Mill Plat Valley sou^ of ^ingf.Jijr^^^ northwest of Gen. Grant-Sequoia Park. Joe faley^s wife Uane; belongs to the Too-hook-mutch-^a related tribe from the north side of j Kir^ RiTsr*
Wo-po-nutch 2 The tribal territory consisted primarily of the falley of Mill Plat Creek, extedning south from Kings River to the northern part of Sequoia National Porest (in the neighborhood of Log Corral Meadow), and easterly from Pine or Delilah Ridge and its southerly offset. McKenzie Ridge, to or beyond Boulder Creek/ thus includiig Indian Basin and ftane. My principal informant, old Joe Waley, said his people did not claim anything south of Gen. Grant Park, adding, "the Big Trees beyond belong
to the Wuk-satc^".
When asked wl»t tribe occupied the higher mountains east of his people (the Woponutch) . he answered "Mono Piute, sometimes* -indicatii« that Indians from the east side of the Sierra sometimes came to hunt or fish in this region.
Vwill Waley, the son, says his people claimed the mountain country easVas far ai Roaring Creek, thus including Sentinal Ridffe and Monarch Divide.
i1
fo-po-nutoh 3
fO-FO-NUTCH OBOGRAPHIC MHES
BANCHERIAS AND CHIPS
tipal if not the only penoiknent rancheria and
tah (»lttrredfKon-nii). The rancherias
and canps whoee nanea were obtained are:
_r
Ko-ne-kia-tah •
ipal
Mill Flat Creek (falley)
Kii^s Wfer
Pine or Delilah Bidgs
Country between Middle k South Porks Kipge Hirer
^r
Ko-ne-kwa-tah
, f ^ ly
Te-be-je-«a-ta Ho-ho-yah or Wo-ho-yah
Pah^-eahj'
Tilla^. Name appli of Mill Flat Creek.
O-che-boo-e-nah. . Canp site close to Kinga Rirer
■''' '
P&-go-ah^-wa-te
North side
rirer
f _•=■
So-ke-wa-te
e • •
Camp Olose to Kings River
„^
•kva
Kah*
.atf
Camp
upstreaii^
Below Millwood (apparently at or near lumber eanp Ho. 5)
:■*■-
2 it'
%'V^
eamp8<
:?.
">»' ,- •'■'i
■'. ..;»
...'r-
^^-•^.**-
f I
*»
^«'
■ - ...
%^ > J
■.>';:'
f'.
^^'U
"•:,s^5:5
V",!
,. .*' l s**.-
.^-;:
*i,{.
V^ •*
-A
-.■'«• .>'.;•)'
,1^^
•^V^
u*
Too-book«viteh
wUQIjKb
like of wbioh I
It it a seotion
Srs. fal«3r haa a
partable wooden Bortar the
Sha oalls it So-kaa*
blaok-oak trot and laoasurea
aboutt two and / faalf feat in diaii^tar a
P
■40 •• --^
•■ r
^.QmpO».i^'f
J^OI-KS ji;7l,€3 i^iej.
imp^^m^')
jm 01 L6]|]»F BT^ -^
/v'-.|'.;-^>:- OL ,;0-^A:-A?"y
jvt.a j>4Aei.
T«-p©. *}«•«»• ^
/J:I il«f C«^l^ ^AirijaA)
iO-bO-iiaiCH aigowTHiic ^v^'-
^^4 fL(
NAMES FOR NEIGHBORING TRIBES
«
Old Joe Waley in referring to tribes and bands of his own stock spoke the names which these tribes use for themselves
(dsually slurring them to the forms /an parenthesis)^ namely ;
1
Too-lrook
(Hoo-doo-gji^d),
w
-bah
^->ji III UK—
-heb)
Ekn-ttinHfcllfcch , and lakrflft-nhft (Wuk-^^ctL).
— /
The Drum Valley t'tibe he calls A-te-pitoh, and says that
they talk different from his people.
N.
"^■^ 'ivA.wovj h\ Oho <^ VV\
oKa.<tk<i.
oc\acK5;P»«i0 3Q^
}(JJd (^^
The term Mono, concernii^ #iich much confusion
exists, is in my opinion untenable for any tribe of Iiraians
It has been said to be of unknown origin, but this is an
I '.v
^JL^vv^A^
error ^r the* name in slightly different forms ^ is applied
vFx D68
themselves— east of the Sierra^ Most of these eastern W*^
.V- ••■■- .■,:<.■% ,.;..ti
Cthe Shoshonoans commonly called es areiNorthem Piute, but the same name is applied
».
«:■•
to the Wahsh^oo*
-■ Ta, if".' . .>1
.•^J-^
■i^\
In recent years the njme Mono has been used for ■
..^ . . V.
;'.i'
K • *
the Mono Lake Piute and the Monache Piute of Owens
**■•((•-: <« ■ ■'■..-•■>.>■.■.'■ ^i-i '■ ,V. -^ :'!.<,*.';«' ■ ■" ^' ''■■■
VC ,,V
y'^;-;>
*-r
lit 'ri ^- .-?-, ■,
together with their offshoots in the Sierra Nevada.
'if.' ■' .: ■ • V
** ,>S" ^ .
■•fa*'- "t, f
.>^:-
'j*--^ ^i • »"■ JS •' . '■ * ^ 5v-:„.> ':;y ,
This implies a failure to recognize,. that the Mono Lake
■>:'t^'--r'ir
■' ^ ■ >*
ana Owens "Galley groups speak different dialects, and that
^^:
1%
■' , ) '■•■ ,-■
• .' J'",
the several Piute tribes of the west flank of the Sierra
«,,-■■
'■>■ ■
are by no means closely related to those of the Mono Lake
', ^ <i'\
■•«<» .:.
:■ .',,, V* \' . ■ ■' :»^ .
',ir.
. r-
:^.'
,?. .,-.
ft^
■• '•: ■ ' .'■ ■■'.■' ■ -^i^-,' *'■'. *, ■ -•
•<.-
•1^4/ ;f'
A. •,•
.-<..-.,v,..:^.' 7
.-' ',Y'
.v--iW»'
ACHOMAWAN
129.
0-ne-kahg Valley quail
\ -.
'ifi
>q^'
region, but came directly from the Monache of Owens Valley, overflowing westward in the long ago through some of the high passes of the Sierra,
cTl^elreVaiTjeXf^il^OTtSVil^^ an air line
/
line J
"between Mono Lake and the nor^eastern limit
of
the
Sierra Monache tribes might be assumed to indicate close
relationship. But the intervening dofty and inhospitable.
:-meg::i^
• — / i
mount ainsj^form an austere barrier, apparently not oroased
■* •> «. I,
^m «* '<mW<»»« mf- 't •>
by either tribe. At all event s^he ancestors of
the Piute tribes on the west side of the Sierra crossed the mountains from Owens Valley and are derivatives of the Owens Valley Monache. And furthermore, they are still called Monache by some of the indiginous tribes on the west and south— even as far away as the Tubotelobela of
Kern Valley.
'"IV^.
...••\.,. '■; .:,..s#'•■^"•■•^1:'^>•''■>-■''-
:^K.'
.■f
ICHOMAWAN^
A<_...
*i f'x , ■.■■ --^
i-^i.
assise'? 0-tis-sef Aw-tig-se' ' Word
k^ ■•■*<'■*«
Also, '0-dis-se
• 0-hS-mow-we ; -Wah -ha-mow-Ht ;
-i
ifl-f ^Sr.'O; j
A«^
w.
Ho-ge-che-wah Bla«k bear
0-ja-jah-ge Stripe
.'Ok-tah-le ; To-ka-tahl^ Blind
'-';:Af
■■tit! ■
Sk-tsah; Chok-chahf TPahl-lo^we
'01; ;0ol' Forehead Also, Ool
•O-lokimahl 0o-15klmah'^
-.1 /
yr
»i^ •■
■i;t%
ilso , • 0-lSk-mah'
A'*' i
ve ning
0-*mah-le-bah Junoo
•0-man-loo-lah; 0-nah-^um-dah Hairy caterpillar
^^
THE TEEM MONO
Among the confusing ti'i-bal names used by ethnolo-
gists^ tho word M8W(r"^S^entitled to e ^conspicuous place
tKA/v^ M 0 N D.
A It was early applied to "^ bend or tribe of dooort Piutes
NxiT^K^m.
living -about Mono Lake^in eastern California, but when
or where it first appeared in print no one seems to know. V- ■ ^ L, ,
C.tt.\ifor T> { aj^N^J$£]e -no^n*^ •^M^^'fAowo LftJcrTnT^' and 1-Ke follow i nj y •eg r (/^^"^
by Lieut^nroore for the Indione ' j^e named Mono Pass (Hutohingo*
A^A \i" YfOLs useA <t\ +Ke sawe sen s,e(^vJ4ono Lake Tiaie^)
ot Mono Lateo.^or itiem
Ifc" " ~- — . . h\ 6. vt was Used iyv iKe ?,aYn «. sens.ev^vjflono LakeTiVVt?,) J
1!,^^^*'^' Calif. M^. Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 8> July B^ ,*(lFl858"(G,
A by J. M. hutohings; in 1859 by 4.. H. Bunnell; in 1864 by /ilexander S. Taylor; in 1866 by Franklin Campbell (who
*
called *heffl Mono Pi«Ute8)s in 1869 by Ross Browne, who states that Mono Lake ^Merives its name from the tribe
of Indians originally inhabiting the vicinity -H
on Vo \"V\ t preseT\\ A^o-v^ .
^y
^y^i.
%o
^1>.1J;
acific Slope, p. 303, 1869;.
On the other hanHTT^ the present time the name
W-
H
^, <5yL-^^3, k.»,-^ijl» t^*.-^H{^ itv\.
The Tgpn MpnQ
tc
f»\sJ^
is often misapplied^, (^especTplly oy^^sket-coilect-
orSApnd omotours in Indien loreT— l^the Nii^ tribe on end noor North Pork San Joaquin River, *fid In a broad-
h »s\oose\u a.t>b\i<.^
lAoivtt-t,"-*-
er sense^fio sefveffcl relp ted tribes inhabiting isolated valleys in the greet pine forest of the western slope of the Sierra Nevada from North Pork south to Kings River, Among ethnologisls^^however it? application is^less defin- ite, sometimes contradictory, f.nd in certain cfscs geo- graphically erroneous. Thus, in the official Hendbook
vt
of American Indiens^the-jweyd Mono is defined as "A gen- eral tenn applied to tho Shoshonean tribes of southeast-
em California by their neighbors on the west
,"/t
his
very loose statement involves et lewst two serious er rors: a geographic error, the region j«ee»t (Being far north of the area comrrionly known as ''southeastern"
Handbook /ra. Indians, Part I, 932, 1907
r ^ >
Th9 Tgrm Mono
California; and an error of classification, the Shoshone^n tribes of southeastern California belonging to several
widely different diyisions of the stock*
The further statement that "The origin end meaning of the term are obeoure" is,. in part true, irei a glance
/
/
at the appended table \(p« ) /of namesi used by other
Q.WoW
tribes for the so-called Mono shows that ^o'-nah. Mo-ni-ah, and MfiA&sBIUfiSA are names by whio
tribes ^to the aPOt(^ including these of Mono Lake) vnoifi^
^^^^io^«^ /^.-c^-^f? {^jt^^U^
^•#r^*A'
VP9»'
, have
been long known to some of the tribes of the west slope of the Sierra «- notably the MftmlL and ^j^gflf^^^ft.
Kroeber (1907) applies the tem 'M&Afi.' to Piute tribes on both sides of the Sierra, mentioning the **San Joaquin Mono** and **Mono west of the crest of the
Sierra Nevada," and on the same page introducing the
)^'*
term ''Inyo Mono", by which he means the MfiZUifilifi. of
:V.i ^
t •
• .; •' »tS '"*
%'
«♦•♦-•*
MfiAfi.
Owens Valley (a
Tocabulary of whom he obtained
from a Kern Valley woman of a different tribe
.r
c
,r
Dixon, possibly influenced by the implied nspoci-
*
of the name of the lake and county, defines toe as "A group of tribes occupying since the early 19th cen- tuiy a considerable area, mainly in Mono and Inyo Coun- ties, California, and the adjacent part of Ssmeralda County, Nevada. "'^ This c.nconflicts fundamentally
*
with Kroeber's definition and with the use of the word as ordinarily understood, for Dixon expands the Mono
ares to embrace parts of two or more quite distinct Unguis tic groups. For Mono County in California, and the adjoining Bsmeralda County in Nevada, are inhabited
by bands of
("Paviotso" of Powell end
Kroeberl while Inyo County is inhabited by the SfijasmJPt
ti 9 mil III !■! I 11 Miiw I '
C^ Kroeber. Shoshonean Dialects of Calif., p. 1^4 (Vocabularies pp. 71-89), if'ebruary 1907.
Y Indian Population, Census of 1910, p.97, 1915.
>.'.,- *■ .
»4.
< ''',
k,, > -
Mono
H-f
iS2Ul
-it.) ShoBhone and the
iflnfifiilfl. — the latter being one of the tribes comprised in Kroeber*8 MONO?
So far 88 I em aware, Kroeber melees no mention of the Mono Piute of the Mono Lake region of tiiddle-eastern California , to whom the name was originally applied, nor does he include them in his use of the term Mono except
T
under his hybrid group name •ManfirEailfttfifiL*.* The term as used by him therefore (singly end In combination)
■ >
covers two quite distinct diviilons of Shoshonean stock.
> ■ ' . ■ ^ . • '■' ■ ':■ .* '..■ ;:
For the Mono of Mono lake speak a very different dialect
from that of the Owens ViUej and Sierra tri>e«
.i-i.iii'' ■■■'
* "I
J
Mfl&fi.,
Monaohe, dlTision*
\kiiA>)/— ^
The term Mono therefore, because of itsAUse by
♦ ■ ■■...■
other tribes and by numerous^thors for the Piute
•'7 -?•■-.' 'f..-
ferent tribe or group of closely allied tribes on the west flcnk of the Sierra, and because of the prin
. "f
i.-/
vj '■
,N
*|7
-1
«i-
^
"> . '',
.'.*^ \ >."
-. ^t
r,,i, V . 'A'
,'J
1 !►. ^ '■♦
■M
^:K:
yj
vi:-
'* V
; :vV'
K'^jt
^
of Mono Lake; because of its^popular use for e dif-
im
•p
or
iuse by ethnologists for t.vo
more divisions of Shoshonean stock, is indefinite
and confusing and should be dropped
V *
. ';•«■
V-
y
V •y*'
•"*»* t
/■
)
'1
n
f'^
'(1
V-. /
■-.TO ■■■■: 'T-,>' ' ''
' ■' J '■
.- ^ ■
'■• ■ y. <
. ^U4»«^ ■.*«»» -4- ■• *»
'<'■■''
1"'
i- .-,.
'^t>-'AX-i
*->•
't ; "'■' !■ 'J ' f
T'i'
.'i',^n:v^t
> •■•■*;'-
<!'
* '."r/i^-'
V, J'/
■ «■ ■'.
■„'. '-.K •■■■
^#¥v>': ■>. ■^,'>'*>#., '^" ■■■•■'■ ^, • . ,. ; '.
/ . '
ii> V ,
■,■' '.(
,.li:
■■/■ -;■•', «. .»
;». .'.f ,.,, f^^.*,S^/^
f6
Ot i
NAMES /.PPLIEO^TO MONO UKS P1UT8
'R
Nolya^^ a
^
<^y V
H«-\w^.
^^J'A
Mono
Monos
Monos & Mono Indians
Mono dS; Monoa
/
.)
r
Monos
Mozios or Monntes
c
I J-. «,
Mono Pi-Utes
Mono Pi-Utes
i M : ^i
Monos
< : Peh Utahs of Mono Lake
Kv^Vv
ox^
a..
Lt. Moorer
Uutohings
W^^^WtVvQS
dbaerva- I rutlica-
tion
■>%t;
tion
A./T
pnblJBhftd Names!
1862
1852
.V
QJ W*
L. H« Bunnell A, S. Taylor
A, S. Taylor
U. 6. Parker
A« U. Campbell
1853
('.' : , i
4 ■'..,;' .■'■
Brace
^4■';•^ ;■'"
• ') f>
tSUlo
)
Cozaby Pah^Utas
1870
'%r*'^'^ •. Mono
■ v
1866 1858^S'^i871
Kdnosi Mono tribe
.^' w
w
A*.
^t
1859-/t 1861-M 1860 & 1863
Monos
Mono Pi Utes^v
ovioS
•':>.
h'
n'^
1864
■(.
1 .1
.^■^"^1
.4 ?\ '.I-..
Moan-au-zi
Mono Indians
u
1 .
^v$
fai<-ute8
1
m^K
>V
^a
1866 1869
1869
/\
'>v , t ,
f>t.
1''
:v»''''.V
■ •.■•' f.i .,
*
• 4
#1.
tor
Mono Lake band of Pah-Utes; Mono Lake Indians
Jlono(Pah*iita)
''' -t '■
Mono Indians
•f'. t.j
rr
n- '• ■' ■
■7^* >ffi -'^'*i
^t^
\/ Mono Pass (leading to Mono Lake )n&ned after Indi^ that name.— Uutohings' Calif. Mag«; ToX^lj NQ«l,pt6« /uthor of article not stated*
It.
., •»««V.f-
'u'-'' * ■ i f '■" '■''* , ' ''
^^1851
^^,
.*>'^'^ j.^
» ^
onos
■V-
r Hiver, W Nevadil' named 'Big thsrs, Ibid.Vpl. 2, No. 12
'»( . !
'V '.''
\/ Valley on brsuob Mono' from Mono Indie p,DdO,,0aQL, o^t June 1808*^^;.^ = .'.... .•*^{;;- ■ :'^.4;r'--':* f,.?!;^/i?i' I/'^AVv^-r?. - ■ " t^fc»,
. ■' '-i ■'.».•■' ' •' • •-■'■..' ^ " i? •,)ii-'',.,t . .' ■• ■ ,.;* '■r-"--.s\i<'.H.'.'p * . * ."V,., ■f^.'.i:\<t>?! . ■ ■v.-'.,ff:\>'*.,"1s,.3i'i'''.^.-"'. -
Monos, Monos Mono
io
. ^onoa
.v.
'V.
5 ^
la
Date of Obserra* Pablice-
tiop
f?
F. Campbell
A.VJ* Von Schmidt
1856
Knee land
Lester
Bancro ft te".\v^i a * (after Camp- bell)
>W v^V\ av»\% CTraxvs «a\\-
Powers
Bunnell
Gordon
Galen Clark Dixon
SP Chronicle
1870
1857
*• \
1871 1873
1874
1877
Gordon Cumming 1878 1884
1880^
|
Thompson |
• |
1881 |
|
IRest |
||
|
Htttchingo |
1 |
|
|
Pi8keCuCoxv\t^ |
188? |
1918 |
1892
1904
19UAHIS-
:t7
1916(/ug.4)
rt
■'* ■ ■ /' i • ■','..
%i r
" '-J
,- \--'
^.' ■•
^r-^^'
-'tn- ■:.■■
»• ■ /
fr
I i-ijWf>
^irr'X '
Naestt
Mono tribe C& Piut«]
■« y
■Is
'i^ \ "
Mono Indiana
//M,
'-■"t ^•f-.
Mono Indians [Lake]
Uonos
■V'
f, .„ •*
\'
J.'
A,
.-^ -J -
, .f- ■■■■■> ''*.
:.;*'■ '•»■
t V
^
"W
-V "i
^dnoa^f Kevada > Cat Yo8«nit«I
> ■■'■«1*
(
•J' '"^J ' !
'"% .
/^„ " 's i\K, . i.<: 'HF"'- ■''',■ '.'it.:;'.' '■'.','■. V'<'^..*!Vi' ,■"■' i'' -. ^^ • • V'<» ■ .•■'' '?■.■;'.■ -■r'^t/'"'?' ;.»*■..(», 'o
?i,H,v:'-' ^>fl|i^:v
'f**--', '•;- ,'*«■,'*:'
k .A
.hM:,f'-^itl^^^^^
'. '^^ '.'■■■ ,' ■.■.'"■' •'■."■•■■■
Author
/,,
8
# Daily
rew8
:?•
■■*'
3an Francis CO Call
Vi
Date of
Observa* tion
fc
Publica- tion
iJuly 26, 1924
Fresno Be*
\
.'■'I . <
Ansell Hall (Uerced Sun)
♦ '' ■'
i .
. ; ^'i^ ■'■'-, ,
. A
»*
V*'
f.."
t
■nt--
ttlf failed
Becordux /
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r
\^"
<■.
L ■■ .■ ■', !>'>■. ■'*> ii^' V i.fc*"; V'
''■•;!■■•, '^ :■;*•; '^^--'V'
'.*;
■. >/i'
Vv
5> V)s>VK>a.
.W\c
^M"
► i'
•':'"'<i%* ''./'
i^4«-
^ Ik J
.X.V ■
^
fii'
July 27, 1924
Au^ 4t i9§4
(■;
^a. 11.
1924 ^
925
'M
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•■'•^.'4:. :^'v'..-^:?-*''-
■ r»- .' . . .
.: ■ '■;.■>, '.J.'.;-!: ' 'i'"^'' .*■ ',,'V ': '-4. '>■■. ■■«•■'•■&■'■■■ '-.r.i '' ^ ^' ' .'v, -* ".,; ,■ • ''■■.
MAllJS APPIJ^ TO Wmo LAKJI FIITrB 61
1
Koo-tsalbe dlk-kah kndUy B«ii^...B3r PjTa«id leka and TnokM
Koo-za1>~be-te«^h' (Poo-t9alwbe-te-kah'}«*.ifoBaohe n&ne for
. Vono Lake Piute. lomy^^
Moaii-eu-il.-.By HlahlnaM (Pov?ers 1877).
goLnah, Io-iii^« • •Hjy Tosraita Ifawa and applied to ifike Piute and the Piute tribes of the iierra*
H[t\o-
HoLnah and llo-naL«-«flaB<^e
ilo-0^ ^^4ie-Bak«««Ji!f Tnoluwie Mew-imht^ui-^'-^S^^'^''^"^'^'^'^^'''^'
i>ali.be-o^zo*..BT Olaaoha Pak-«8*zid-J«.
Sch-be*doo«aah So— was-a-gwB t
h
VWU.A-U'
\^ *l
• *
Too<-Be-ga-bah**.One of their naaes for theaselTes Tttlin-de-eowlflm (Titth-de-ao»lf»a)«.»Iliwahandit name
. ■ ■■•i\|
.esF sane es mj
5 finta f ro« 1
i aav inolndo
e Borthward to
erenco t^alkor River
so
IBS MORACHB
The Owens Valley Piute together vlth the series of snail isolated Piute tribes occapying certain Bountaia Talleys on the west flank of the Sierra in the interior of California, fron the upper waters of the 3an Joaquin to those of the Ka^iah, constitute the Mfinafihfi. group, and
«lthougb
dialectica.ll
\
* • • •
- • "-I • !■•
are closely related linguist ically. They include
the Ii&
of Korth Pork region^ ♦heic
9 the fiplkoM
of Pine Ridge north of Kings BiTer. the SntJU^itgh of Mill
) of a
Creek near Dunlap, the 'Iftponntcll (or |fi=>
little higher up in the snme region, the aaksashfl. of EschoM
(oT "Po-^NN^sNte,"^
Padoosha^ of Ti:
Ovens
\3'
!roe^r. in a note at the end of bis
0^1 if. (UniT.Calif.Pub8.Arch.& athn.,Yol*
Sttti on the authority of 3. A. Barrett, that tne .^
^ Sy^SS*. nSt ShMhoneaa Mqiiiv." This is a aost unfortunate ;??or^^^ioSbtl2Si tS"?h5 5!?gS»stance that Barrett •« inform SS^kS hSth linguages, 1 obtained an excellent vocabulary from Ihe fetiibiM i« 1903, nhich I have since Torified,
St
that tribe
oyer
T«Xl.y Wamha. .e to lea« no donM of th.ir orlgi- f«-
. But *7 «»d how long ago they -Igrated ..aterly th. lofty p.88.- of th. High Siorr. to the ro«te and isolated valley, they no- inhabit m, w,n can e.y. I« « "' line the territoiy of the northenmost tonda.
BU end lifiOfiltft of the Itorth Pork region, ie l«a» tban 40 Ilea disUnt fro- that of the lten.O=Zil.tl of «ono I.ko;^
of lofty .oimtaina interrenes and the languages
but a barrier
^jiCliatorially different.
Waterman recognise, "tuo 'Paiute' languages.
both spoken in the Great Basin area
"1^.- the Southern
and the Northern; but err. in classing the Sierra ■oneohe (whom he unhappily calls 'ism') "Ith the Horthem. saying that their language "is very si»ilar."
Paiute
T. Waterman: Phonetic Element, of the Northern Language, p. 1*. I'll'
/ /■.. I
^^^
n
The Monpche are of mixed affinities, their inter- relations with other Shoahonean tribes being intricate snd complicated. Linguistically, the closest relation-
ship appears to be . ith Pflnarnint and
, more
words beinc: common to Monache and these tribes than to Mfinafihfl. and Northern £iiitfl., although the preponder-
o'
anoe is not great. Some words (as Hn-pe for woman » and Pi'-ah for water) art distinctive, differing from those of all the surrounding tribes; yet a considerable
t
number agree with Ct^ftmewave . a typical Southern Piute tribe; others with IfiaOfifik BnA Tolohinne — the most
aberrant of the Southern Piute series*
Exceptionally, Northern Piute and Monache agree and are arrayed against all the other tribes, as in No-ve . the word for house, while in Shoshone, Panamint Pakwasitoh, and Southern Piute (Chemeweve, Nuvahandit,
J*
and Newooah)» house is QanaDfi. or KfihsZUL*
I
a .
?
f
5-3
Hence, while in many respects i^onache is interme-
diate between y^nrtham Piute and
hfillL2nfi.i it
differs materially from both, and while in certain words it resembles Newooah on the south, in others it
/
^resembles QhjJTnflweve on the east. This quadruple re- lationship shows that Monache could not have been de- rived from any of these in their present forms, de- noting a greater antiquity for the tribe than one would be led to suspect from its present geogrrphic
pos
ition. In other words it seems clear tht^t the an-
cestry of the Monache dates back to » period antece- dent to the complete differentiation of the surround-
ing tribes.
/ My vocabularies show that a materially larger nun ber of Monache words agree with the geographicr Ily re- mote Chemeweve than with the ceographically nearer Nuvahandits. This is suggestive in view of ancient origin of the group.
■■'(p*'.f.''.V'-*
■^■'\'^:-^, ., ■-
.■•'' :*•
';..i;.i;"v
Sf
t
NAUS3 U3£D FOR UONACHS 0
(Incomplete)
ppok Nameat
Monoes
Mono
Mono
Pah^Utahs
Wokopte
Uonatchee
BeaXe V
Von 3cbmidt
Henley (1856)
Burton «n.R. Knight
Monache
Py«mteB
Daley (1665) ^impaon
tionaoha
HonoB
J.B.UcIntoBh J.W.Hiller
B.C.mhiting
i' ■ ■ '
LeaterV^ ^
.'*
'i^'-^
Western Payutes Ob car Loew
- t
Monache
Belknap
3)k>\e o4 pv*V..
1856
1856
%
1857 Owena Valley
\
. ^ }
1857 Owena Lake
1?5<1 Owens VaUt^ ;■ '.
1863 "In Tulare Valley"
•Monoa or lionutea" Taylor^ 1864
•V- ' . 'sM i
A: ■
1867 Owena Valley
1869 Owena h other rivera of Sreat Baain
.*
1870 Owona Rlx|r
■*.■
/•' >-
.>y<
1872 iSaat of dierin
1873
yl'--
•i V
u,
•\' v
'^tfl
k
« 4
v^'
-J
z'
] ^
i:
^3-
'.-
'^:
.:$
>..
1876 Inyo & So* Mona count! ea
'4r
v'3''^ ■';,-%"
>: /
■ U:
^^r
C''<''«
:*:-n:^,!;':^
■Vtli^
1876 &
Vfi
«• .V
Owena^ River
/;
\/ Not certain idiethier the name irelated to dlerra alonache, or both.
*-•
■V,
J
j" V
''+■•^■■•
■'.?•'''.
.. «' ''"'•l''
■ t ;, -ri^.-,.
..^^>
^;r
Uonache
I
Manachea A Uonacheea )
Commr* Ind. Af •
1877i- Owena River
Powera
1877
Oiena Valley & 3ierra Nevada
Uono. Honoa Powera
1977
i Owena Valley & f v>ierra Nevada
.?. ?
fa^Uta
Tohaktivi
Uonache
Gataohet
Powell Hoffman
1879
1881
1886
Owens iiiver, V^ite
fountains
7
'v
Uonaohea
» t
Rebel, Reca. 1897
^ono & '^nachi Xroeber
1907
Uonache \ Mo-niL*chej
WoLkopec K\ouo '
Saatem Uono
Merriam US
Kroe-ber LHAi>WJ
V* D. Strong
1909
I <) a. a.
1927
Owens l^Wrr
7
.4
;5
4.?
\
,' .'
i /
m-
1 r
«
5
1
f,'!
I
i
r^i
h •'
f
Si>
57
NAM3J APPUSD TO 0WBN3 VALL:!nr 'uIONACHS AND TlffilR SEVj^L BANDS, BY THifi:iaH:LV:'il3 AND KiCIGIBOiaNG TRIB53
• * •
nd on la
Jroek. —
.^ (of Lone Pine) name for creek north of Inde^^endence *
J'
J
Horse-thief tribe. • . Tern used for Indiana of Owens Valley and o* west slopes of Sierra,— J>an Fran Cisco Daily Chronicle, June 26» IB^
^wa»flmUiit, . • Q^anche (p^waald^e) name for Bishop Creek Indians. *•
7.
ttU^t^
^^ii>pah«>pat»Bo, . . f^Qy^ftche naae for^band in Round Valley. — |
and
1
naiae for Qwens
y
\
Mi3UQaifili&«
Yokut rvm^ for Owens Valley Mppaoj^a^ ^^
I. *•!
MflDftchi. t • Yokut name for eastern and western JflLQQA*
KroeberTllandbook Calif. Inds., p.bfto, 1920.,
„5 ( ■
./ .
• Qlancha (Pahkiraaidlft^ name for Owens Valley
■■§■'■ ' ' I
No»nQ»pt »na»nflmn» *. . Nnme used by '.ioyiachft of Independence Creek for Llpr^f^^ of
Lone Pinee —
. • •
op Creek
of Lone Pine naa« for
< .
(or reek selves. ••
i/. . .
►wensnfalley, narae for
on
lom-
5
r
Owens Lake tribe (M^iie given by
(of Lone Pine) naiae for
Bishop Creek |-'i^ta name for
I
4
\»'
ss
pendencQ. —
nira© for ine and Inde-
»na»CTat)^ • • l^ono L'lke ^^ute nd at Bii
ana
ohop Creek. ••
^_.,^,_. . .'!iona»*of Owens Valley name ana ueed by their kinsmen for than. Handbook Calif. Ind8,» p. 5^0, X925.
for themselves • Kroeber,
ed band m
*
. ♦ Bishop Creek ^^loyi^che name tor rolat- ah Lake Valley. —
V
^ " . • • Monache band on Oak Creek, epehdenoe. —
north of
i
, . , Bishop Creek ^^oyiaehe name for at Benton. •• 1
s t
WaUo-rab*, . . MflXBiSJaft band on Independence Creek.-
* !•
• ' • »
nyo County. — Kroe
:..i'r
naae for ^^nmche Piiite of
er, 1907. ,
• CO 7 I
V' -J W 1 '-J .. - . '
.-» Tf
5'9
■PvJ^^iA^ NA'.!33 UaED INDIVIJXJALLY OR COLLSCTIV-^LY FOR - JIONACHS OF TH3 iillfiRRA NSVAM(wc.1 sUoe )
(Incanpleto) ^
Monas Monies Monas Monoea
McKee, Barbour & Wozencraft 1851 k 1853
Johnston
Ryor
Johnston (1851)
^onas •Indians Meyer (1850)
£lonoes
BobIbV
llonoi Lewis (1856 h 1857)
CHeatlwaters San Joaquin River, 3 Mono Wessells (1853)
■ • • »
Noo-tah-ah Wessells (1863)
Monos
Monos
Mo*no8
Ho*na*die
Monos
Lewis Taylor Lewis (1859)
f:
HutohingB
Taylor (after Beale)
"Monos or Monutes" Taylor -^
Monos
Monatchee
Uonos
Uonos
Ho*na*«hee
Uonos
Manaohes iaichfiflA
1
Comnr* IncU Affrs* Kni^t
Purcell^
Bancroft Lester Lester ^
4
Powers
1851 1852
1853
1855
1856
1856 & 1857
1857
1867
1^56.1857, 1868
1860
1860
1861
1860^ 1863
1864^
1862
1864
1870
1871
1873
1873'
1877
Not certain #iether the name relates to the Owens Valley or the Sierra Monache, or both.
^\ 0N\ a ^1\^' 0 i J \ V \ X (X >| V,. vo. ci c
c
Lo
|
Mono, Monos |
Powers . |
|
Nut*ha |
Powers |
|
Pa-Uta |
Gats chet |
|
Ho-nah»chee |
Bunnell |
|
Ho -na»che« |
Hist. Fresno |
|
Pai-ute) Paiute 1 |
Merriam |
|
Ho»na-chea |
Galen Clark |
|
tAov\o-'Po.ylo\^o Iionachl^ laonadji I Mono J |
KvoeVer Kroeber |
|
Mono |
Waterman |
|
Monos |
Fresno Hera |
Mono Indians Fresno Hepublican CAuberry region, Fresno Co.]
1877 1R77 1R79 1880 1882
1904
1904
Mo-}
1907
1911 1922 Jan. 1,1926
Jan. 6, 1926
:ilono S. F. .•Itaminer
[iiycaraore Cr« Holkaaa,]
Monos Fresno Republican Apr* 24, 1927
CDunlap, Mill Cr. Val. antirabitch} T.X. Waterman.
Western Mono
W. D. Strong
North Fork Mono W. D. Strong
1927 1927
mm APPLI:i)D -BO omilU.THIBSo OF I.!0NACH2 PIU'O B^ THiiSI
ajivsj AN J BY omm tribjss
6/
Bftlwiahg.. . • Ifltoii miae for^Monachv on the Kawgah,
*■ ** "• eepeci ally 0 n its south aido.— Kroebor. HandbooK
Califs Inda.; p. 0^6, iy2j.
h. • . Tribe on Mill Creek near Dunlap, I-roano vo."' ^me for themselyes indV\i8ed by nei^boring
tribe8»*->AtTTvaxYN ,'$>t\«.yvc«. ,H.^.,So\.xM^,H6.i-'j4,pp'\ii-Hn
.ine R? dSe n3?3i a f Kin^KTverT^ Itames used by
thonSelVeB*— Wltrrvam ,«^<t\t-ce ,«-^-.>'o\-1l»^..VJo.-Vc\H-, f^.Hli
Holkoma . • • Kroeber, Handbook Calif. Inda,, p.5P^, 192o.
Horse*
. •
ui**«* tribe. V. • Term used fir Indiana of Owens Valley and on weat slopes of iiierra.— ^an Fran- cisco Daily Chronicle, June 26, lBi>4.
rnft^^ahflh. « , ffukaache name for lUad m loacfuin.—
». ■ •
1
(^i
Xft,kf>.hflLbqh. . . Tribe in Burr Valley -na on wo^t sic line ludge, Fresno County. N'n/ne for themaelireaj also applied to than by the HfiUMffla-— mt.trU>r^
de
i. • . Yokut nnne for* eastern and western lonos ^roeber/nandbook Calif. Inds.. p.o'^D, 1^20.
• m^
jXL=XUil«
, . . Naioe applied by 1^0 rth Fork iiiji •ind other Jierra to iono Lake f^ifite, •• t
ancLs,
• •
, Name in cornmoii and also for other
use for Korth Fork Hiau bands in the oierra,— <
Him,
. . Tribe on North Foiic San Joaquin. Nime for themaelves. — w\tTT\atA , St\ftnce .n.s. . \i<^\ a\x .,no. ^<\ +-,
{■;
ifiaatemeri~ Joaquin nnd liin^ uivers.
, , Yplfut name (meaning P^ute tribes on »ian .- Kroeber, 1905.
Muta * a. • .
Handboo
niine for "western Iono" alif.'Inds., p. 5^, lV2o.
-* Kroeber,
/
• y.
Paa;.dnn-BV or .^Md>i.iBh->anVA. . . WMKaacllQ n''^'' for tribe •it Three liivera on ivawoah aiver. —
oi
tfflbitch name for wpkaache. —
.-.«
iia. . . Na:ne usea by Holkoma for MSk of ^°^^\,^ br>c Jan Joaquin, — N^'-TT^a.w^,StU'^t«.^\s.^..^loV.^^1^..^^a.^^^
r i
. . . Holkoma nnmo for one of thoir villages on ne Ridge— no i a distinct tribe.—
^:i
,♦ . . Yakut name for 'tJonoa* south of ,quin laver on Big Jandy Creek -mo. to?/ard heada o? Little ma 3ig Dry Creeks.— Kroeb 3r, Handbook Calif. Inds., p-i/^J, r;^2j.
TftiLnitch, . , C^fyanimne and ^^V^ftkimina name for tribe at Jrimmer oprihga. —
„_ "'^•'^® for related tribe
er iJprin^, van^ lliver. —
. .
, , iJame as flolkoma,
or themselvee. }
(dS
Gf
I_3>Vv^A^V«»**a
^A'ftksachi. • . Kroeber, Handbook CaXif.. Inds.,
,i<U^-^ ^0*4^
^.o%€, l9Zd,
...»
Ii (or iQ^
next ab
OV0
). • . Lv/iktchuinn© name •^ '- at mil wood Flumo
for (No.4).
_,,^. . . Kern River lutotlU^iW n-^^j^ for "western 2SSft^.— -roebor. Handbook Calif. Inds.. p. i^^b, iy2t).
jifp)3QnuGh> « . Yf>k»t. name for ^ Creek and in tho pine n Kroeber, Handbook Calif.
at head of 'lill igea XtO the north. •• Inds., p«t>"o, lv25.
■*. IS
makamshii « « « Tribe in Seehoa Valley* Same for Uioa^ aelTeB*'-* -
CPlupal lekeada^l. ** Kroeber. Unit. Calif. Pub., Am. Jln^eol. frndUhmU, IV. 121. 1907.]
/
fVmsmmirhtk . « « JJBSl^ name for 7oa^in adjorong HaU }««
tribe on Little of Sortli foik»^
Yu.-'KaJ.^**
«. '
« ^
V«.flft... W*-i^jZ—
U ^oWu-t* «*iAt5.
^b.KA. *<lJt»s 'C*—'^**-*^*^*.^* *"
^t
\\( a.K' w
, 3<x; A.-<fc «fu4c^
;;roeber, Hmubook tM.lif. Inda., p.w»ftr, ly?Q,
>t- ^)oy» »m U',b (or .o»aun^'-wi trii;G no 'CO fujove .^.iti
). . . )^ /iktcbunre mp". £lj, 'it 'ill'ffooa FluT
ic
for
(No.4).-
« •
ivin:!
« • •
Kern lUvor i"lroeber, Hinai
,»«
____^_^^_ n ; le lor "weatern oalif. Inda., p. .j'^d, iy2i;,
• • • Ypjfut n-irao for
Creek and m Lhc jin^^f- ri
Kroeber, Handbook Ca,lif.
:}-^i ai he: vi of till .gjea 03 the north. — inda. , p. 'J-'J, IjZo,
in Sachom Valley^ Saifle for than*
CPlural Wakesdachi. — Kroeber. Univ. Calif. i\ib.. Am. Archaeol. and 3thnol., IV, 121. 19U7. i
oaqui
• • • f^"fP- na-ne for in adjoiniii^ Hiau j^
tribe on Little of North Folic.—
Y^.-'KOlC-'W
«. '
v:*flju^. w*-^j;L- v^S'^'t*-'*-^* «'^*-'^
;-.tiuw. -
{h^ )
I/VO - U Ci^\- {aJ^ CUj
y^
^^^«j±i!^l^ - v\/o/onuc'i ^ ' I ' <j^ f «^/ A-.^^^ mcc. ^u\ ^1^ Ct^/,
hfi
\M(X.\^W^ -
WoDOV)\Jc\/^ \^
Cj:jLa/v\
O^ fksub^
W , X mJ^r ^«^^ n\ob:
^n
■j
CjL^^aa.
j. G^Y'^- '^'^°-
J-
X^ ^C-v V/o-Z'trn-nu+cl^
V
f^on ovvi
/
A . -h.. J^,'/ C f)
/g
^5</a
^
(C.M.M.)
^ [)^.^\Alley^'^^-'
H/^i,
onuc
k
Co
//ec/-
r6
(^CXAiA^ ^ jLt 0 ji-^
(//^nne.
■'<
»J
r>-
.1^.
»^»n
'^
•v.-
J' If
■ '^ VI
ft
->:■
V
' r
^^'
^'vi
■ ^«(t
'm.
-*j6^
;^,
.».«t)j'
.' -V-''
f'»
ri
iw
<;?
.<?»
>■ 1
■M
^
/>.
.Wo^ungiwitch: Tribe at the logging ';;^J^^r^^:?fP^^.
. ' on Kill Plat Cfeek^ south of Kin^s «iT.r msno Co,^. Calif
nme given me by Wuksache and Wikdiumne in 1903.. Closely related to &i'-timlbitch, but living higher up in
rt a •
T.ne 0D6 00
Mo'untsirs.
Woi?*;.ttm:?Oi^%li^o?ifed'^Wga'hi*^'<Ath**»*M^ and
fojq prTTT^
Louise Baker in iJVesno [Calif.] Republican, Dec. 14,1924.
tea iibl]prna.tit<rTjf*litegT<»fim>WniW« tfW^ by A.H.Geyton
Gho8
IPC
t Dance of 1870 in So. Central Calif. .|yj^61^p2;]^^
ul'o* fn^ ^® "-^^ ^- '^^ ^-^^
e*„
\
t V
ijTio eq; tpxie eq:^ ^'9 ow^il «
8QJ& ©pif q^JOtf eq; no
, \
no ano
III
•epis q;iou oq^ no jot^o 9q:^^9pil qi^tios ©q; uo 9\id
'*Ko, this is all right for me."
inlkadel iaid:"B«igl. chief o«n. to w<«t nightl^
T T r T • 1
v> I -. C
Mfu
Vy < 4 tJ «
U (.
/uwp
• «
« **Vt
/ %ii
«re is another world ^t, of ,thip..n.. ^o«r
t' '•
rtHM to fla4 it but oouian'ftfit there."
/
r >^ . . .
1 * »♦
'9
. i
_ •. ■ •■ <
O I •.?■■;•- ■ ' ■•■■ r
I
pne aq:^ !^9 dvs ^;2i«ex stSM^ptns ItoojS
/■ !
fiHiM epi9 H^JOji eq; uo
M
iBno BT\;\ tpue oti:^ :^b ©I^^TI «
:njnq pne iCjp af apis q^n^ eq:^
• k
. >
no ano aqj, -apis q^^ion eqt^ uo j4q;o aq^^apw q^nos aqj^ uo aujjf
"No, this is all right for me."
inlkadel ^aia:.^agl. Chief ,«n, to -.e-Lt nightl^
sMfti
*«
< j
r!»!.4e«j8 another World^t,»f ^thi, _.n.. jow
It 'it
wibrtHad to fi^ it but couldn'f^t theref -
« «
I.
■ «
\yA^^,
YWi-pon-nutch : yv].^onabfce trib
W<v^-- V2
iam giyenyvby ^[uksac^^r 1903.
-nutch
Wo-^oi/by members of tribe in 1930.—
V
p,.->
INobenchasi: Sftft|wobonuch,^--l- t^x. %
mob optch J See Wobo nuch.
- r »-
re
• "* ^
bftjWfrd JbUinlfp^
• Other •^J^spellings Wobunuch, V)f5jya3.ocly.— Kroeber.Shoshonean
Dialectsifff Calif. 121. 130, 1907. vA.H.Gayton.Ghoat Dance of 1870 in So. Central Calif. .pp61.8E. 1930 and Yokuts & k<estern Mono Pottery-Making, p. 239 .map p. 248
1929.
•^. '" •
Address: 1919 Sixteenth St Washington, D. C.
SUMMER ADDRKSS
Lagunitas. California
» '. •
h
DR. C. HART MERRIAM RESEARCH ASSOCIATE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION ^ ' i tE. H. HARRIMAN fund)
i . » C
/ : t
J %^
I. \
< •
4
• •
WASHINGTON. D. C.
June 13, 1930
• i
?. v..
r >
V,^' * ^ ■ • ■). •
x-
10
Mr. H.S.Al
Allen's P|:6is Clipping Bureau
;55 Coraijilrcial/treet an Pranciscd./Dalifomia
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Dear LIr. All
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28
•pan-nutch ^r Wo-pon^nu^h
Monache
on upper Mill Flat Creek south of Kings River
canips
No. 3 and No. 4). Their name for themaelv
Villages.!
-/
Ko^ne-kwa-tah— their name for the valley
of Mill Flat (Jn— & neighborhood af junction of this, creek with Kings River; hunting territory extending from Kings River south to Gen. Grant Sequoia Forest, and fnrc from Pine (or Delilah) RidgB & McKenzie Ri^ge easterly to Boulder Cf . — Told me by members of tt tribe.—
t-r.
Synonymy:
Wo-pun^witoh . . . Pronunciation given me by fjjctohumne
in 1902. —
i-pon-nutc in 1903. --
i
•foLbonuoh. Wobunuch, Wobonoch, pluml Wobenchasi* Kroeber.Shoshonean Dialects of Calif. ,121,130, Feb. 1907.
fo-po-noich Martha Louise Baker, Fresno Republican [Calif.]. Dec. 14.1924.
Wobonuch Iroeber, Hdbk.Inds. Calif. ,585. 1925.
I 1
' WobfiQiaQlx A.H.Gayton, Yokuts & Western Mono Pott<
Making, 239, map 24B. Sept. 1929. * fobonuoh and foponuch A.H.aayton.Gho8t Dance of
r So. Centraimif., 61,^2, March 1930. _ ' » WoboiiQoh A.H.Qayton,Tokuts-Hono phiefs & Shanani
"■ 382.387. 0ct.l930.
[luteb
» % \
, , . Western Monache -^ti be
I
\
south of Kirgs River, centering in valley of Mill Flat Cr. Their most recent rancheria is said to have been at
Losing camp No. 3. - - SYBONYMY:.
^.r-.'^
Eshom Valley in 1903. Pronounced Wo-pon-nutch (slurred Wo-poj) by members of tribe in 1930?-
Wohonuch ... Give*, by Kroeber as yokul name lor Piute tribe "on or among the pine ridges bejiond Dunlap". Other Kroeber spellings Wobunuch, Wobonoch (plural Wobenchasi). -Kroeber, Shosh. Dialects Calif. ,121.130. 1907.
Wo-po-noich ... mentioned together with -En-dim-bitx* and "wuK-sa-chi« as "branches of the Piute «t«ric tribe". -Martha Louise Baker in Fresno [Calif. D Republican. Dec. 14. 1924.
^HstxlxaKcxviici&Mxxiixio
Cai
• '^ ♦
y&tAxtr(^tidk
Pottery-Making. 239, map 248. Sept. 1929,
Dance
1870 in So. Central Calif.. 61.82. March 1930.
• 0
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-13-
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♦ .-**. »V
Thd feoft rdplied, •i'ii tell you tonight.*- The father^sftid
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'iv'*' V
V
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, "If
^Ro, I waiit to know.tlpday^in tbo day ii^i not to /T T^ son didn't eat anAbreakfapt but,/ent out after hie mfe
"IT • '
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taoid her, "We shall have to i
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r ♦ 1
X^ vrf fiv] iftvi:
you*'^ So thej^ went in*
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I There was onlj'^ a dim JLi
/
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<; T:
over the world for the
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"xi-xu^cri.:: ; Irn :•• ,;^-ono''-;/|. .Hori'';;dci; ,rcr:-'0';'o;»'' ' Mo o?t^ tod SUp. were on t jb-wgrowM^A f aaroAwayC in.>th©^ east •]
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lit. That's the rirl J wanted you|to get." And
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i-'^f ."i.^-v; \!. x%t>.
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r'^r^rtodoW
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he told his wiflt tp ^pack,
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w TOIf^U
1!WS!£ft^«S9ll, forx^Sa^tfl
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.•■^'
WO-POpNUrOH— A WESTERN MOKAOHii: THI3E OLOSELI KELATJSD TO
^im TOO-HOO^^WITCH, HOO-T)00-GE-J)lH?(S; 'I'D-WIN-CHE-iJAH
r
\ . »
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«— •
Inforinati(&«[i from Old Joe Whaley aHd/iddle aged -son Will Whal^y, botli bornlind raised in Mill ilAt Mlley south of Kings ttiver and nortbweal of Millwood and Oen, if rant -Sequoia Park.
■, . ■ • -■ » > ■ . • . . - . J '■
fhe hflmft 0f rty jtriby'^ >wo-po-nutah. he almost always
> I
abbreviated to Wo^o i .
/
fi. -•
V^ !<?-«'
, If;
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5?'*
^
the n^e p^J|ill #lat VaU ey i - Ko -ne -kwa^t ab , he
l
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j^i
usually slurred to Ko-^ne^toa or iion-nej# name of tbe principal |ane>id^i«<^
It wa6 also ihe
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bv'
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f.
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rbo tribal ^erritory^tended south from Kings itiyer
\ \
and Middle fork Jlingertf I the iiortMn part -of Sequoia Forest
' 'V • T
- r • m' .C"-'"^ ,. tor -^ -vr^'-ji 1 -c
(in the neighborhood df Log Corral laeadow) and easterly from
Pine or Delilah ttidge and McKenzie iiidg%to JJoulder ureek,
■ \
(Klill Whaley^ t>^e son, says his people claimed the mount am
country east to-fipari^,UreGk ai^d,;reh4petov i^i^s including
V
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jJentlnal riidge and olme^ay manaroh' Divide •)
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fi ci
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:)'oi^ji.^^ ^/--t '!
•f 1 A'.'^"*. "^ I
iUHOHKHi AS AND CAMPS
V
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As already statid the principal if not the only
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SV^o*V^<m<^ -9^'^^'^ SVv«»We
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J*.
PANAMINT SHOSHONE GEOGRAPHIC NAMES
Alabama Range • • • • . Toi-yah hah-be^e**
4 »
Amargosa Desert N to Beatty 0-wep-pe^'''
Antelope Vcdley, W end Mohave Desert Mo-go-neu
Argus Mts TinUa-boo"^
Ash Meadows Koi-yo po-tah
Avawatz Mts. ("not ours") Ah-pi-che"*"
[tribe and place name]
Baldy Mt • N of Telescope Peak Too-rar-ra-up
Ballarat Kah'-wu**
Black Mts. (I^eral Mts. S of Furnace Cr. ,
and DY. Hotel}...... Pe-shah-pe Toi-ab-be"-
Bennett Well Too-gah-bos"^"
Canyons
Canyon NW head Death Valley Q-vin-tah nav-var '''
[trail & road there]
Chukawalla Canyon Wesh-show-wah
Cottonwood Canyon Nah*Tah-re'*''
Death Valley Canyon (N of Bennett Well) Wish-she**
["lots water there"]
Hall Canyon & Indian Camp (How-tah*''
(Te-ar-rum bi-ah
Hanupa Canyon Wish-she
["not our name"]
Happy Canyon Wah-ko no-noon
. 2 .
PANAMINT SHOSHONE GEOGRAPHIC NAMES (Cont.)
Canyons (Cont . )
Jail Canyon Tun-do-sah
Johnson Canyon (Spring place) Tan-no-kwin
Johnson Canyon / / u
Tihole canyon, both sides mts.)..... Poo-e-cher-ring-ah
Pleasant Canyon Kwe-dap-po no-noon
Six-Spring Canyon Mo-roo-nah-ohe no-noop
Tuber Canyon Tu-yah noo-pe
Willow Creek Canyon . „, rock, canyon (clear to top; deepest of all) Tim-bit-tah no-noo-pe
Canyon NW head Death Valley O-vinUah nav-var '*
[trail & road there]
Charcoal Kilns (near Wild Rose ) Wah-bo-te '"
Charcoal Kilns Spring Koo-waht
Chukawalla Canyon Wesh-show-wah
Cottonwood Canyon Nah-rah-re'
Cottonwood Creek (W of Owens Lake) Hoo-room^'
Darwin (J«H^^S-aiind"'"-^
(Yet-tang nug-gah '
Daylight Spring (at summit) ••• lat-tum-bo
— bOj^.
Death Valley (2?^-?®rPJ ™S ^^^^"3
^ 'Tim-be-shah***
Tim-bish yo-wung '"• "*' Death Valley Canyon (N of Bennett Well)... Wish'-she"**
\^ XO vS WStv6I* vIlGTG J
Death Valley Salt Flat (Salt Ground) Oi-yo-gum-be **
-rum-
- 3 -
PANAMINT SHOSHONlfi GBO(ffiAPHIC NAMES (Cont . )
Eagle Boras Works » Mesquite Flat To*ive
Bmigrant Gap Too-me-ah [Top-me-ah?]
Emigrant Gap Mt. or Sheep Mt. w , ^»>..r m_i ',n
TTuoki of USGS Map)..; Tah-ki [or Tnk-ki]
aaigrant Spring (last spring) (Pah-bahJ.fup
(Pah-be -koo "*
ftttigrant Wash Koo-ohoo-e'"'''
Pi.h Lak. Valley (Piper.) PsSSShM'r^itory?]
Ftmeral Mts. (low part N of Pamace Creek) Pe-ge**
Blaok Mts. Ridge S of Furnace Creek..,. Pe-shah-pe Toi-ab-be^'^
East of Fumaoe Creek & Hotel Po*pah
East of Eagle Borax Works Too-goo-mah
Furnace Creek Tim-bish-she no-kwin'**
Furnace Creek (ranch flat ) • Lat-tu-ah **
Furnace Creek Wash Pah-room bi-ah no-noop
Gold Hill Choong-gah
Grapevine Mts. (S of Grapevine Canyon).... Ow-wah-gi [Ow-gah-gi?]
Green Water Pah-wi-pah
Haiwa (Pond , Meadows & place ) Mah-ra-bo' *
Hall Canyon & Indian Camp. (How-tah*'
^ (Te-ar-mm bi-ah
Hanupa Canyon Wish'-she
L not our name" J
- 4 -
PANAMINT SHOSHONE GEOGRAPHIC NAMES (Cont.)
Happy Canyon Wah'-ko no-noon
High Sierra Range (Pah-per-rah Toi-ab-be"
(Pe-ap-per-rah Toi-aV-be
Sleeping Beauty Mt Ad-dah-rah we-ah*^'
Hole in Rock (Spring). . • Mo-num bah-che
Indian Camp on Mesquite Flat ,
1/4 mile N of Furnace Creek Ranch Gah-ne [home]
Inyo Mts (Nun-no-nop' ^
(Pan-no-do yab-be""
Inyo Mts. W of Saline Valley
Cerro Gordo Mine Sah-go-ro'"*
Spring in Inyo Mts. near Wahkoba Pah-mo-che^V
Jail Canyon Tun-do-sah
Johnson Canyon (Spring place) Tan-no-kwin**
Johnson Canyon
(whole canyon, both sides mts.) Poo-e-cher-ring-ah
(Ko-nah-kah-zah'*'' Keeler, S side Owens Lake (Ko-no-kah-to^-
(Pah'-nah-ki'-dup-pa''
Koso Hot Springs Mo-ah-tah
Koso Mts. ("People same as at Darwin").... Ki-no-mo-ne-ah'**"'
Little Lake (Fah-boon-dah"^'
(Pah-w6n-tahng°'
J»V. O. F
- 5 -
PANAMINT SHOSHONE GEOGRAPHIC NAMES (Cent.)
- 6 -
Mesquite Hat, , / n>. N part DV (inol. Surveyor's Well) O-ye
Mesquite (Well or Valley?) (Oi'-hu**
Mt. in Argus Range W of Searls Lake Moo-kuV-ba .
[lots rooks & little timber J
Mt. Whitney region, High Sierra Te-won-kahmp°:
(Ko-nahVkaht ** Olanoha & country S and S of Owens Lake*. (Pah-kwah-se/*-
Olanoha Creek , (Pah-kwah-se*-
(and country S and E of Owens Lake)..* (Pah-kwas-se-guf^
Olancha Peak Ar-raif-go we-ah"*
Owens Lake (in 1931 a dry salt bed) (Patch-e-ah-tah"
(Pat-se-at-tah*^ (Pat-chet-tah^-
Owens Lake country (E and S of Lake) (Ko-nah'-kaht **
(Pah-kwah-se'*'
Owens River Pah-tah*'
Owens Valley , (Yaw-gum-pe **
(Yo-gump**-
(Ki-goo-tah** Panamint Mts (Ki'-goot**
, „ valley
(How-ta yo'-wung
Panamint Valley (PanJ-a-mln yo-gum
(Pan-a-mmt**-
Pleasant Canyon Kwe-dap-po no-noon
Poison Spring ( »Salt Spgs.M
W side dT5 miles NITFurnaoe Cr.Roh... Wah-bah'*"-
« .
PANAMINT SHOSHONE GEOGRAPHIC NAMES (Cont.)
o.
DV.
Saline Valley K6'; Ko-o
Saratoga Springs Moo-tah
Six-Spring Canyon Mo-roo-nah-ohe no-noop
Slate Range (SW of Panamint Valley) Tin-dab-boo [Tin-ta-boo]
Stovepipe Wells (in DV) Too-goo-mut-tah*''
[always water here J
(oe— ump Telescope Peak (She-um-ba
Telescope Range (5i"gP Toi-ab-be
(TimEbo ab-be
Tuber Canyon Tu-vah noo-pe
Tule Spring
(3 miles above Eagle Borax Works)..... Yah-e-var-ra
(Pa-bo o'-nah
Warm Spri ngs , Panamint Valley (Pah-bah-sup;*'' .
(Poo-we char-ring-gah*
(Sin-no-var**
Wild Rose Spring (Soo-nah-bar-re"'
-var-
Willow Creek Canyon rock canyon
(clear to top; deepest of all) Tim-bit-tah no-noo-pe
Windy Gap (Wingard Pass ) (Too-wil- ie-hoo-no^''
( To-nin^che-wa
I>V-
' t
Ah-pi-ohe . . • ,
t V
Kahp-sa-kum. .
Ko-so-ze^um« •
Kwe-am-mit...
Mo'-go-noi; Mo-go-neuit, . .
Nom-bi-je..,.
fAMSS FOR THSIR OWN AND OTHER
INDIAN TRIBES AND BANDS
Name used by the Death Valley Panamint
*S^», u"® inhabiting north-oentral part of Mohave Desert about Avawatz Mts. and Soda Lake (SE of Death VanAirK
Name used by the Panamint of Darwin
for lokut tribes of the Tule RiTer-Visalia region.
le used by the Olanoha Pakwasitoh for related band in Coso Mts. Fsame as at Olanoha].
tribe
le used bv the Olanoha Pakwasitoh for the Owens Valley Piute at Bishop.
Naae used by Panamint Shoshone of Death Valley, Panamint Valley & Owens Lake for bands in Mohave Desert incl. Antelope Valley. Tehachani & Tejon Mts.: believed also to incl. the band at Cwebrake in Walker Pass & the Chimaweve of Colorado
Name or nickname used b- as an alternate for 1. Valley from Lone Pine and Round Valley.
Olanoha Pakwasitoh 1 of Owens shop, Benton.
- 2 -
OSHONE NAMES FOR THEIR i INDIAN TRIBES AND BANDS
Pah-be -o-zo..
Name used by the Olanoha Pakwasitoh for 'Piute' of Long Valley, Mono Lake and northward.
PahHiiin«dah. .
Name used by the Panamint of Darwin
for lokut tribes of the Fresno region.
Pan*na»wa. . • .
Name used by Panamint Shoshone of Death
I*^Hy»x^^FP* Valley, & Owens Lake for Piute of Owens Valley from Lone Pine N to Bishop, Benton, & Round Valley.
Pi-yu^-tse ; Pi-yuoh
Name used by Panamint Shoshone of Death Valley and Owens Lake for Southern Piute of Amargosa, Ash Meadows, Las Vegas, & Moapa: also believed to incl. Bars tow & Dagget in Mohave Desert.
So-so'-ne
Name used by the Olanoha Pakwasitoh
for Southern Shoshone of Central Nevada,
t'^^^rw^^^A.^?^??,^* ^o^d ¥*•» Gold Mt. (and IV to Fish Lake Valley?)
Tan-de-wlch. .
Name used by the Olanoha Pakwasitoh for Shosnonean tribe in Northern part of Mohave Desert (inol. Searls Lake and Soda Lake ) .
Tim-pe-sha-se
Name used by the Olanoha Pakwasitoh
for their own bands in Death Valley and Panamint Valley.
- 3 -
f
PANAMINT SHOSHONE NMiilS FOR THEIR OWN AND OTHER
INDIAN TRIBES AND BANDS
PANAUmr SHOSHONS KAUES FOR THEIR OWN AND OTHER
INDIAN TRIBES AND BANDS
0¥ Band In Death Yalley
0 Band at Olanoha on Owens Lake
P Panaaint Band
To-boon' or To-vo-an..
Name used by the Panamint of Darwin for the TTiboteloVftia of Kern Valley.
Yah-vitoh or Wah'-bitoh....
Nickname used by the Olancha Pakwasitoh for the Tubotfllol/flla of Kern Valley.
iBargosa» Ash Meadows, Las Tegas, & Moapa
Antelope Valley (west and HbliaTe Desert) Inol Tehaohapl and Tejon Hts.
Barstow and Dagget (Hohaye Desert)
Bishop south to Lone Pine, Owens Talley
Bishop north to Round Talley and Benton , Owens Talley
Oanebrake (Walker Pass tribe) & SW in ttts. to Taihaoahpi
Chinawere of Colorado RiTer
Colorado Rirer to T^aohapi ( Hohaye Desert)
Pi-yoooh Piyutse
Ho'ogo-neu
/ 0.W
T.O
Piyutse
ODV
Pan-nli*wi (also called NoB^bi-Je)
(Pan*na-wi
(Cwe-am^ait'^
Mo-go-neua Ho-go-neu
V 0*
Ho-go«neu ("good people**)
Ooso Vts. (Panamint Shoshone same as at Olaneha) Ko-so*ze-um^' Death Talley & Panamint Talley (Panamint Shosh) Tim^be-sha-se
Fresno region Indians (Yokut stock)
Gtold 1ft., Shoshone of Central Not., Round Mt., Lida, Tonopah lb W to Fish Lake Tal.
Kem Talley, Tubotelobela
Pah-min'-dah^
•— .0.
Sosone
To-boon' or To-ro-an*" Tah-Titoh'' or Wah'-bltoh
( nickname )
Las Tegas (including Amargosa, Ash Headowm and Ifoapa)
Lida, Tonopah, Round Mt., Qold Mt., and W to Fish Lake Tal., Shoshone of Central Ney.
Long Talley tribe, "same as at Mono Lake**
Pi-yooch
' ODV
Sosone'
Pah-be-o-zo
0.
Panaalnt
-2-
and Bands (Cont'd.)
Mbapa (Including Anargosa, Ash Meadows, and Las Vegas)
Mohare Desert tribes (Colorado River west to Tehaohapl)
Northern part Including Searls Lake &. Soda Lake
Antelope Valley
Barstow k Dagget
Arawatoh Mts., SB of Death Valley and W to Soda Lake
Uono Lake Piute and northward
Ht. Hagrader
Olanoha, Owens Lake band of Pananlnt Shoshone
Owens Lake, Qlanoha band of Panamlnt Shoshone
Owens Valley Pl-ute, Lone Pine north to Big Pine, Bishop and Benton (Round Valley same)
Panamlnt Shoshone
Death and Panamlnt Valleys
Olanoha, Owens Lake
Coso Mts.
Pl-yu-ohe of Amargosa, Ash Meadows, Las Vegas, and Moapa
Round Valley Piute (same as Owens Valley from Lone Pine north to Big Pine, Bishop and Benton)
Round Mt. Shoshone
Pl-yoooh
'o.i>v
Tan-de-wioh (sooalled by Pakwasltch of Olanoha)
Mo-go-neu
/ T».0
Plyutse
ODV
Ah-pl-ohe
Pah'-be-o-zo^"*''
• /
Pah-kwah-sltoh'*'
Pah-kwah-sltoh"^
(Kwe-ao^mlt^'
I Pan-nil- wa
(also called Ndm-bl-je
( Tlmi^be-sha-se^' ( Tlm^pe-shas-se °'
Pah-kwah-sltoh'''
}
Ko-so-ze-um
Pl-jr«^h' (Pi-y«eh)°''^
pi*ri|U» -|
(rwe-amimlt° (Pan-ni-wa®' (also called N5m-bi-Je
So-so-ne**'
-3-
Panamlnt Shoshone Names for their own and other Indian Tribes
and Bands (Cont'd.)
Searls Lake and Soda Lake (Included In Northern Mohave Desert)
Southern Shoshone (Central Not., Llda, Tonopah, Round Mt., Gold Mt., & W to Pish Lake Valley)
Tehachapl k easterly to Colorado RlTer
Tonopah, Shoshone of Central Ner. , Llda, Round Mt Gold Mt., & W to Fish Lake Valley
Tubotelobela of Kern Valley
Tale Rlfer Yokats (Porterrllle S to Vlsalla)
Walker Pass tribe (Canebrake) same as at Tehachapl
Tokuts (stock)
Fresno region Indians
Tula RlTer (Porterrllle S to Vlsalla)
Tan-de-wich°'
(so called by Pak- wasltch of Olancha
So-so-ne
«/
(Mo'-go-nuah (Mo-go-neu
lk>-so-ne
o.
7>-
(To-boon or To-vo-an ( Tah-vltch'^Wah-bltch
(nickname)
,-se- Eahp-sa-kum
j>y
Mo-go-neu'a ^iNoo-oo-ah]
•p.
Pah-mln-dah
Eahp-sa-kum^
^^^/i^^ -d-Zc^^M^ — / /^r^.0*t4^d^ i^/^C^tiK/t^^
X/>3 cc-^ / <^^f
^-^ ^\^J
f
X^-O?.
w
^W^A^.'tXVrv ^f/^^HJ^/WK
)
PANAMIJJT
Greographic namss to be provided for in Panaraint liBta.
Panaraint Vallej\\H»jo~-'Uic Kirgston Moimtaina
Death Vallejr.Tiiw-lyijkiAvuAK^o'^^i^Charleston Mountains Kl^'\)-ak-9^*»vi-Jl
Owens Lake ^ ^ ?o^i - 4- e. ' <i' - 1 oL
V
Mesquite Valley (U^ho.L S«lin4p Valley- iKo'^Ko
Amargoaa ^ - ,0-\*»A-t^ Ash Meadows \^al-^«xU Wt»-z.(^ Oasis Valley .So'-^o^Kuvv
Bullfrog i
Owens vkSfey. il Deep Sprir^s Valley
N .» -A ;. 1 ' ^
Little Lake - ?i> VXV-A^A^ Hawe Meadows ^ 'Vw^k - v <- 1/' <;> Cottonwood Canyon <- H'K.k-\y^-r^ Shepard * • Tak^k^tK.'^ vuv^
Bendife " Death^Valley<ir;>^. -Ak'-s^^
Boundary " Grapevine "
Furaace Creek
Borax Flat
/
Windy Gap Too->^i>v-5« w*o'-k«K Emigrant CJap
Sar at oga Spri i^s ^ '^^ oa - ^^
Mesquite Wells ^
Funeral Mountains. Grapevine Mountains Gold Mountain Mb. McGruder
^OO'
|*Vft.{v
Bennett Wells ^Toa- Jft-^^-^
3jb-i^^
K.
lA^
(^:
V^-O^k
Cerro^^rdo Mountains &-w*^ ly^XT'^W-'Kaf wa
Ir^o Mountains ^J««.»v'->v»'yv.>»oto
Argos Mountains ~- ■ Y^
^^^%«t
. i' •■-«■,*'
Coso Mountains --Hc^Vo vw^Ke- a K, ^ Slate Mountains ~ N»-k - -ie^-l*,. w€tK*»c
HI
i)\ ■ <■••
\
.'""» i. »*
^^^ "-^ T\h-Aa'-^oo
v|g^
3 v>'z I ^ rs
SVvosV\6fvA/
SouJ^e>rVN 9Cv^C.
a
SOUTHERN PIUTK
Of the Southern Piute tribes, the Chemeweve and Nuvshsndit niyy be regarded as the most typical, with Ute standing somewhat to one side. The Newoosh and Tolohinne tribes, while closely related to one another end belonging to the same group, ere the most aberrant. Some of their words are common to Ktonache, others to Panamint and fakwa/idje Shoshone, and, strange as it
may appear, some are common to Northern Piute. This
because of the wide geographic
is the more A,)
tion of these tribes — a separation thrt must
date beck to i^ very remote period.
ir
jIARLY iPSLLINGo OF JOUTH^IN PIUr3 0^ PAIIUTfi
(Incoraplet©)
Payucbis
La Fora(map) 1766-72 Southern Utah
L
Payuchaa ?>. Payuches Garcea
1776 Southern Utah
Payuchea Utahs Payuches Tutas Payuchis lutaa Payuchis
Payucha
rilscalante
1776
Northern Ariz. Southern Utah
f
bnt (map)
Payuches
Cortaz
1777 H»«iW:;e!9%»tlAtl»««c
1799 Southern Utah
Pa Ulches (error foo J. S.uith(1826) 1B27 Muddy R., Nevada <j^ Utchea.
Payuchea (Payouchea) Aimijo (lfi29) 1R30 S Ariz, & S Ne?.
Pa Utchea
^
J. Smith(1^26) 1^33 liuddy R., Nevada
t :'-.\f;.'l
Piutea
v>
iutea
Farhham
John i^nn
1R43 ' Sevier Il,,Utah
1B44
Between the Col- orado and Great Salt Lake
Pah-Utah
Fremont (raap) 1B44 Muddy R. region
north of Vegas
fTT
w ■' T"
i^Not published till 1^54 iKin French translation. ■
Wk- *.
.» 'J li..
\ Jl *'
;
Piutea
T.J. Famham
1B44
Paiuchea
T.J. Famham ^ 1844
(aft^r Dr. Lyman)
Pa-utah
Pa-Utah
Fremont, (text)
Pa-utah
Paiuchea
Pah Utah
Piyutah
Pah -Utah
Uitchell (map &
text) 1^46
Rufus B, Sago( 1843) 1846
Simpson (map)
C.S.Kella
Ruxton (1846)
Bryant (map)
1849
Pah-Utah k Pah Utah Col ton (map)
Pa-Utah
Ord
1850
Pah-Utahs
iiiastman
1852
Pah Utahs, Pah Utea Stanabury
Pah-utah
Pah Utaha
Bonneville
Sitgr oaves
1853
i1
Utah
S Utah
1846 JJta.heaa R. Virgin
Southern (N of Ve^^s)
iouthem Utah
1848 S Nev.& S Utah 1848 Soutiierri Utah
1^49 Sou them U&ah *
V of Virgin R.
1849 Sii; Nevada
2 part Uohave
iieaert
S Nevada (map in Schoolcraft)
in52 Utah Valley,;: 1853 ^ (map by Colton)
S Nevada
Pah-Utea
Loa Angeles Star 18a3 liohave i)esert
South am Piuta
3i>
Pah-UtahB
Heap
1B54
Clara & Muddy iiivers
Pah Utaha (Chemewovo)
Wiiipale h Ivea 1^54 Colorado R. below " (map) Needles
|
fountain Pai-Utea |
Whi pple |
1854 (or 1856) |
Mohave jDeaert |
|
Pi-u-chaa |
Graves |
1854 |
Southern |
|
P ^ I - uit.5 icTcLi vaA ej |
\MVvl|.^l?. |
V?5S- |
4,^X»J-*«^^-^'^^»uv. |
|
Pah-Utah |
Beckwith (1853 1865 teict) |
Sevier R.,Utah |
|
|
Piihutas |
Uerriwethar |
18o5 |
Arizona |
»L\r,
Pah Dtah
Beckwith (map) 1855
So-central Nevada
Pah Utah & Pah-Utah
Beckwith(text)1855
W-central Utah
"Paiutes or Cherae huevis^j Pai- utes; Payuches
Pah -Utaha
'»^ipple Whipple
1855 1855
(Colorado Rivera So. Utah
Pah-utahs
I^rt
1856
Southern Utah
Pi-u-ches
Beckwourth 1856
Southern Utah
Pai-ute(Pah4Jtah) 1 Pai-utea, Pai-Ute > iftiipple Paiutes j
1856
Southern Utah
Piutes, Piuches, \
\)r J^ippl
J2ubank & Turner 1856
Pai-Utes, Pah-Yutea Pa-Yutes
9.
Colorado H« region
SOUTHBHH FIUT8 3
31
Fahutes
Pah Utes Pah Utahs
Pah->ntah8
Pah-Utes
Pah-utes
Pal Utahs and ^ Pai-Ut«
Pajusitas
reyute and Pey-utea
Pah-Utes
Pah Utah
Pahtttes
Pai-Utes
Pah Utes
Pah-Utes
Pah-Utes
Carvalho (1854) 1857
Warren (map) Ives (naip] Mollhausen LBng« (nap)
1857 1858 1858
*
1858
J«U.Simpaon(1858) 1859
Jfaddy & Virgin region W of Needles .Calif NW of Yeg88,NeTada
NW of Bend of Colo rado River
WUtah
Doaenech Reny (1855)
1860
1860 1861
Hew Mexico ? Southwest em Utah
Forney Forney J,3.BenjaDin
1860 1860
1862
Comr. Ind. Af f rs . 1863
T.O.W.Sale
O.U.Irish
T.T.Dwight
F.li.Head
1865
1865
1868
Nerada & Utah Southern Utah
SB Nerada
B Not. and W.Utah
SW Utah
1868
So. Central Utah
3;z.
Pah-Utes
Font on
1870 Utah and Arizona
Bah Utos
<
i
i - I
1
Pah Utea
Boger Jones
Jones
1870 Colorado Rlrer
1870 Bend of Colorado to
Diaiond Rirer
Pl-Ute
9. A. Walker
1872 SB RoTada m d Sb Utah
Pl-Utea Pai-Utea
6»V. Inge lis
J. 1. Powell (1871-73)
1872 1874
SB HoTada & So Utah SB MeTada & So .Utah
Pi-Utes
Commr.Ind.Affrs. 1874 SB NeTada
Pah*-Ute8
G. M. Wheeler
1875 B Nevada
Southern Payntea Oaoar Loew
Pah-Utea
A.J.Bame8
1876 Colorado Rlrer
1876
on H\oa^a 'K. ^ "^^t.ctx val.oYi
Pah-Utea
A Pinart
1877 Arisona
Pah-Utea
J.S.Canpion
1878 Mohave Desert
Pahttte
W.W.Blliott & Co. 1883 MohaTe Desert
Pai-ttta
Oatsohet
;w*i
Pai-yu -ohiwi
Pal-yu-tsi Palate
\?8iute ^ Southern P^^ute
S Tavote
^
Mooney
Koonej Choiberlsin
Wateman Kroeber
1896 (uopl name] 1896 (HaTaho name)
V,*-,
1910
1911 1923
Arisona
S- NevotA-O-
\ '■ I
Piute
Piut©
Flute
Piute
% * *
3B
A .
Hanford oentinal (Calif.) Mrch 21.1923
vJalt Lake Tribune
3alt
Tribune
Piutea o-lt Lake Tribune
Piutea Washington otar (J.C.)
March 21.1923
oan Francisco Chronicle ttarch 22,1923
tlarch 23.1923 .
V{ian Juan Co. UcA\»tv)
/ (
March 2j.1923
(pan Juan Co♦UcoL\•^^J)
^
« • >
iarch 26,1923
Piute
Piute
Piute
3f
ORlen City standard (Utah) April IR, 1923
\0 h Li oan Lot.o-\»TO
oacnunentfO Bee (Calif.)
3alb Lake Tribune
Piutes Salt Lake Talegraui
April 18.1923
(oan Juan Co.i-ocolV«V»jJ
April 2J,1V23
April 30.1923
l^an Juan Co. U<-a\i\ J
Piutea ^^aahington i'oot (D.C.)
fiarch 27.1923
(near ioab, Utah Ut<iV\\v)
Piuto
dalt Lake News
April 5,1923
(pan Juan Co. Loca\i\^)
Piutea Salt Lake Tribune
April 6.1923
Piutes Salt Lake Telegram
April 6,1923,
Piute
Piute
Piute
Piute
Salt Lake Tribune
Salt Lake Telegram
• I *. *
iialt Lake Tribune
Salt Lake Tribune
April 9, 1923
April 14.1923
\.5;an Juan Go. *-<>«- ft^^ Ay
April 17.1923 (SB Utah
April in, 1923
UOC-OL
\\\^)
."ff
n
*
•t
•, i/
|
\ |
-) |
r |
|||
|
1 |
|||||
|
y |
|||||
|
J |
|||||
|
''. '■ |
/ |
/' |
|||
|
i. > |
|||||
|
r'^ |
|||||
|
■H " , |
|||||
|
i |
• |
||||
|
"* '\ |
^■^^ |
t |
V |
35-
^
Ti
\Th^*srr ';, P, ' V *^ S y '" '^.
NAMBS mum TO SOinMKRN PIUTE Bti^OTHER TRIBES Auola8u8*..Fimf) n^me tenKate 1885
Nuna • • • Name for thene elves (also
used by the Sh08h*ne)*
Pagonotcb*. .Southern Ute npme
Gatsohet US
Pai*e-ti*.«P8n8mint name
Uenshrw US
Pi -yuch ( P i -uch ) . • • Pa h-vo-wa t s
Ute name
CUM (lis)
-.(f
Pai-ym ohiinu.»«*Uope name
Mooney
1896
Pai^yu t3l,««Navaho name
Mooney
1896
Payuchis
Uo>.Toxol
nuMns.
Payuohas (and Payuche8)...(Moh8ye
& YaTapi/name
Garces ,
Pont, & others
1776-77
v/
H«,-vA- -rruo. Vol-O-'h- &e-^.<^'^-
\ S C- 0 p
V ^^»-
. r ^ ? ^ u-l, t
0
V- 3. Y--'' £L
K U. W^
Coy- FiaVe. NU .Tv ^l^c. ■ —
)^a.\3^., ^' 5'^5^ I'^aS.
Vy-iivAit/'^v e =» • — \<\oc»e"r
t^'L'^'-'"^ii^;T
NAMffi AFFLISD TO SODTHHHN PIUTI Bli OTU£H TBIBBS
^T^^^)
st'ves oin
A.
Aadlasot* « •Piaa nem
teoKatt
3S
-OL
1885
Raaa««»NaBe for thtaBelTtt(elso
Qfltd by the Shosbtot)*.
Pagonotob*«.Soathfrn Utt nene
Qatsohat MS
Pai«>^-tl«,*PaiiaBint nana
Hanahftw IB
fi^judk (Pi»lS9h)««.P8h-T0<»wat8
uta naaa
OHM (MS)
■.*
.1
Pal*/! ohiHa«»*.Uopa mna
Palojn- tsl^ • .Havabo naaa
Mooiiay
Moonaj
1896
1896
Pajaobia
Uok.Toxol
v>u«iT?:^
Bv
Pa jaoba a ( an d Payiiflhaa ) • . »( MobaTa
4 YaT^p^i) neaa
Oaroea .
FoaA, « othera
1776-77
W'-Y-
s
34
USE OP THE NAiiE PIUTE bX/R THE CHKMEWEVB
The
earliest known authors to use the name Piute
(La Fora who on his mep of 1766-1772 gave Pnyiiohlfl ;
4
and Garces and Pont, who in 1776 and 1777 wrote it
»
Paynohafl and EajBfihfla.) did not apply it to the Chemeweve but to a tribe farther north. But in the fifties (1853- 1858) the name wps definitely applied to the Chemeweve by Whipple and others of the Pacific Railway Surveys, and by Mollhausen. and was usually written Pah-Utahs (both with and without the hyphen); it was also spelled Pah-Xutes, pittas, Pai«Yute8, and Piuches; while the Padre Domenech in 1860 used the ancient spelling.
Pf^yiiohflfl.
3?
M\Zi DSPINIT.1XY ;IPPLI2D TO TH3 CHSiiSA'SVS
(Nai including: the various spfjllin^g of the word Cheaeweve, as Chsmebet, Cherne^jiaba. Uhenjehuevia, ohiraawiva, Re.)
Incomploto
Name
Chena^iadas
'Pah Utahs (Chem-e-hue-vis)*
Paiutos or Ch(yaehuevia
Pah -Utah and Pah-Utahs
Pah-Utaha
Payuches
Authority
Date
Col ton (map)
1R49
V
PaoiT. RR, iiurveya map
Whipple
inso
^^hipple
Mollhausen
~jA
jDofiienech
laeo
sr
MM3 FOR TH3 CHS;,u3';?2Vii UoiSI) BY OTH:« TRIBKS 4lltl:IVlUlVES
!'aiae
Tribe using na-ne Authority
Mat-hf»t-e*vatch
!;ilat-ju8
Eche^iOo •'hua- vaa
Tan'-ta-wai ts
Tantaw«it8
Tontewaits
'ihipplo
Heintzelman
'WoUkoL-Vcsen,
Thomas
Powell
aatachot
Tenltate
Jjate
irn^e
lflo7
lfl6B
1877
1979
lRfl5
Tantawas
Ind. Coinmr.
1895
Chime wawas
G.W, Ingalls
%,
Tantuwach
Kroeber
1908
" :.-' I
A-
.* •
ran»tah-?ab8 ot Tan-t^ih-vi'ts.— ..lorriaa 143
Ahalckat. . • Plraa mino moaning "aTiall bows".— Kroeber, Handbook Calff. Inda. p, j9j, 192t>*
Nuwu • • • Name for themselves,— Kroeber, Handbook Calif, Indo., p, 695, 1920.
Uat-hatevach . • . Yitna name moaning "nortbemers Kroeber, Handbook Calif. Inds,, p. 59t), 1925,
SI
Tantawats ot Xantuwach • • • "aouthemera",— Kroeber, p. 595, 1925,
kins:aen*9 name meaning Handbook Calif, Inds,,
Yuakayara • • • Nane given by "oerrano" groupa. — Kroeber, Hanabook Calif. Inda,, P. 595, 1925.
yhS^o.-cKi GE^6
SVvOsVnOaC — V£/ -AraV\i\ -na-twuii^ ^r ** S^<*f*0>oo"
I
(111. '\
SERRANO
According to Kroebei^tlie Tehachapi-Caliente Serr?mo (v/hom I call llev/ooah) are called by the Chemehueve Hiniima or Hinienima: by the 'Mohineyain' Serrano of Moljave River and the Tejon 'Gitanemuk*
«'
%:■' 4
« ■ ^ "'
(my Ke-tan-a-moo-kum) > A^yutushvam. Agudutsvain. or Akutusvam (which i*„.
name I obtained from Mrs.Rosemeyre as Ah-koo-toot-se-am. slurred t6''f-~<
I
Ah-koo-toos and Toot-se-yam. for the Tehachapi Serrano).
.i;^i|
#!;'''fi.
Kroeber states that the Mohave name for these people is Kuvakhye
from v/hich Garces derives his Cobaji.
Mrs. Hunt and Mrs.Rosem.eyre tell me that the correct name of the
4^ «
Tejon SerranoQor Hairmenatj in their own language, is .Ke-tan i-m.oo-kuiii
(or Ke-tah-na-mwah-kam) and that the Gabieleno or Tongva call them Ko-ko~em.-kam( slurred Ko-kom.-kalm), which Ram.e nam.e is applied to K^ San Bernardino or Mohave desert Serrano. They appear to call them.- selves also Ak-ke'-ke'-tam.
Probably the bottom is not yet reached. -
SERRANO
J/- ,
According to Kroeber the Tehachapi-Caliente Serrano (whom
I call Kewooah) are called by the Chemehueve Hiniima or Hinienima;
by the 'Mohineyam' Sernmo of Mohave River and the Tejon *Gitanemuk'
(my Ke-tan-qLrmoo-kum).Agutushyam, Agudutsyam, or Akutusyam (which name
• ' * I — ^^■*^'^^"^"'^""^^"*"""^^""^ '■"■^^^^•^^i^^i^i^fc^i""""^^ mtmi^^^^i^^^^^^m^m^^'^'^^
I obtained from Mrs Rosemeyre as Ah-koo-toot-se-am, slurred to Ah-koo-
toos and ^Toot-se-yam> ^^^^*^ TlWoU)J|jJ^ 3Uax>>^ J
Kroeber states that the Mohave name for these people is
Kuvakhye, from v/hich Garces derived his Cobaji.
1-
)
4!g!:;jb^^:feX^:^ ^ X;u>JUSL.
^*^^^A^, lUJU..^^^ ^t.:^^
if '^^^'^|^-^,llon((,IV].
y
roeber,Shoshonean Dialects of California, 110-111, 1907
••.?
r: :*'•. \ Y:.
i^W •♦ff.^S
H r'^^f'jj)
SPBAN
*. '
REGION
. «*■ . -i'i ■•;'■ ■'♦T*
•; vf^ William Pablo^ari intelligent Mahl-ke of Banning, tells me of
■''''^'"^' „ ... ^ - 4i ^*'^"?l - - ^ .- ■•■■
gin following Serrano tribes:
rortgb " or Mar- e - am --Morongo Valley
■ .f :,•'^•■-*>i,,.i*'
> *■'!',
•'*,
-■•*^%J■
;*i^t* Ah-te-ar-re-am
.i^i5»
? r
■ -AViy '■,•.•,
'■■-■■ ■ ■ ■-' ;».'
, ;■'» > *■•>'.■. .
- '■>'"•■ ■■""■■'*■
■''■■ ■*''; ■. *. ,« .,- '•.vu.-, ■
.- >--■ i * -
, ■_^^-
. •^'''1 ''
■■•«'
'>■;
>^.
ik'^'^' . ^ .',. *•
Ter-kah of Little Morongo Valley
MoMneahne
'^.S'-
^^ o '' ^
Mah-raJb of 29 Palms [Piutef ]
, /.Rock Corral
Pah-o-ve-am --east of Atastra toU^orral Rock^ on edge of Mohave
Desert- -big country [c^*"-!-*^ 3 Mar- ring- am .-east of the Mahl -ke , whose territory they abut
against from Mission Greek to Grayback Peak. They meet the Chemeweve Piute at Old Woman* s
Tu-ki-pi-am
Spring.
occupied a strip between, north of San Bernardino and including the Arrow (on the mountain slope) and. south to Riverside, Redlands and Yucaipe Valley?
.. ■■■*ft'. V .s*
'.^ '■
SEERAIJO TRIBES OF SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS ^S^^* ^'
REG-ION
Wah-ah-cham —east of Yu-ki-pi-am and reaching to mouth of .=: :a.<j^':v
■ ■■*'-.■. .■"/ w •■ > %■ ■ . V ; ■>':-. *• ~» J. '; ■ • . ■" ■ ■'•-••it; *j! • - ' ■'■•^ * " -.t ' ^
Santa Anna Canyon and to a big cave on San Bemardinoit Mountain, where they joined tS UorormiM^^iy^-^A^MSr'
The Morongo claimed the Pinyon country and nide all other '1'/^^?^^'^^
' f
Indians pay toll of 1-5 the pinyon nuts
'I
Oct, 1910,
y^'iw *.■%::*
•A
,,-■;'■■ '
\>"'' "•.I'i!.-
^./
>, ':■^'•#•
;> ' ••• ''
-■JUf"
■ ■ . ■ f".
TEIBB AND RANCHERIA NAMES OP SAN BERNARDINO
MOUNTAINS AND YALLBT Obtained by me at San Mannel Reseiration (about a mile north of Fatten and only ten miles from Redlands) October 19 and 20, 1933.
Information from ^^Capt." Boy Mannel, Chief of the
tribe at his home in San Manuel Reserration
In the Beginning [of the World], all tribes of this region originated in Big Bear Lake Valley, liieaes they spread in various directions* Later, the Bear Valley tribe proper
were the
-now extinct*
The
came from Whitewater* They are
called
i-pi by our people (the
llRhV.Trft is the original place name of Morongo
Pass— -not a
name
Mar^kftng.nt la our (Yu-
) name for Morongo
Reservation*
Some say that Yn-kilpa is the proper nane of tiie tribe on the west side of San Gorgonio Pass; others, that it is a Mexican name and that the original and proper nams
of the tribe is
; others say that
is the name of Yii«.ki»pah rancheria^-which 1 correct* "Lots of people lived there."
San Gorgonio Pass is Hahl-kah-.pnt.
Redlands is
earth
red
(or 'Hftri Wg-lHJl ^
-2-
is the tribe in the foothils south
of Redlands and east and southeast of Oolton*
lahsalL'
ehe~um
The eastern
part of San Bernardino including the old cemetary, is
("White Deer")* San Bernardino has grown so big that it now covers lubitta Springs fPoollit band).
Pasadena is
The Indians at San Manuel Reservation tell me that the original name of San Bernardino Mission was the level valley or plain on which it stands, Terlvart-he-d5n
The so-called * Morongo * tribe consists of Indians of more than one band, the dominant one being Tia-hfth^^^^-^*^ (or Yo^h ah-ve - turn ) > now here on the San Manuel Reservation at Fatten, a few miles north of Redlands* They are often
called "
"and appear to be the
'Mo-he-aht-ne-um" . though they tell me that the Mission Creek
country was the original home of the "Mo-j tell me that the
'. They were the "original Morongo" and came from farther east, and that a few still live at Morongo and a few at Palm Springs*
The tribe from Pasadena and San Gabriel easterly to Jurupa Hills (just west of Riverside) called themselves
They are commonly known as ^Gabrielenos
1
and spoke the same languag Valley rTong-vgl
, San Fernando
'^nii
V; •>''-«J^ • "X Q^VuVw - H<^ T^OUWvaV
♦♦SEERANO** SERIES: Mohare Desert and San Bernardino Mts.
'1 / i
<K
Ketanamwitfl^
1" R \. W
Ketanamookum and Mo hi ne yam (closely related) Maringam Morongo of Uission Creek. Mara> 29 Palms (no vocabulary) Koostam—Yukipe (no Yocabulary)
/
San Femandino San Qabrieleno
y
./ ''
»'CAHUILLA" SERIES
\
'Aka t chma
AkatchmaY\
f^i «*cV.'. v.;o,^- SoToVa '
- Ci-< f / i it y- ^ 'Vv 0
L^vv: <; ^'^ ''
Sfcl.-'., l>-<\
■■■■ r
KVAt^K.
Kahwesik
Mahlke
), Banning - Whitewater
Kahwesetem. Palm Spgs. & Colo. Desert bands
Poir-we~yam . Cahuilla Yalley
Pan-yik-tem. Palm Canyon (Andreas Canyon to
West fork ^anyon)
Wah-ko-ohim kut^tem. Upper Palm Canyon (to Santa
Rosa Mts.)
Wa-we-ig'-tem (WS^is^tem) San Ysidro to Santa
Bosa lit. Head village Wil-yah.
KoopPtt
^Koo^pa . iqua Caliente, Warner Valley
r
Ti.vl>-o^^.^,o,U,U.V7 ^ ^^''^ ^'^ '^ ( cV 9] G
^vaMMMMap)
/^, VVV'. Q - '^ o- A_ V -^ ^.
' WMe-W ^-^^^A T0-Vv.'*vvi
^ T^ouvkaV
**SSBRANO** SIRIBS: Mohare Desort and San Bemardino Hts*
^.
Kfttanamwitg <.
TflcVvk
Ketanamookum and Mohintyam (oloaely relltad] Maringam Morongo of Miation Creak. Mara. 29 Falna (no Tooabulary) Kooatam—Ynkipa (no Tocabulary]
1
• *>/
San Pamandino San Qibrieleno
!/^
"OAHUILU** SBBIBS
'ikatchma
i
Xahwaaik
PiyMiko SoToVa ?
Mahlka
■y
), Banning - Whitewater
Kahfreae'tem , Palm Spga. & Colo.Deaart bands
Powlw^-yaa . Oahnilla Yallay
Pan~yik"tea. Palm Canyon (indre^a CanYon to
teat fork ^anyon;
^r
Wah-ko-cfaim knt^tem. Upper Palm Canyon (to Santa
1
aa Mta.)
WB-we^ia'^teM (jgzia-tMi) San laidro to 3anta
B^aa It. dead Tillage Wil-yah.
^oopaji^ ^Koopa . iqua Caliente, Warner Valley.
^^-eLty'tX-k
r
^ iaA>-_q\^I.o,1 q.W'H 1 ^^ ^' f»^ "^ 1 oVr.\ a
Mil ■ ili.M I 1*1
A K^Q - Ko^ k.-i\'^^\
'-^kX.-h""^ (%.''vw'^
tf*
* ■''
■■*>■-.,>''■ "" ■''
I
OAVV
•■' .,^;;;
vl^'--- '■■'
h' ,
l^ro-JK^, >^fC.,.
'■ftj
■.'-^•'^.-
*8i,.'\ Jr »> • •' '■■■■ , '"i"fo- '»■■: . »'■ ,■ f^»,.''' , .i i »*'
l/w tuw-^
I
s-fS.
*(Mll. ■■ ■■ rii
- K'^ V^
'W ... ^^^^ ^ m -f-- i^ . ' ;»■ i/,*' ■'•-i .,.,■ .■. /^-r.- * ", * .,(,.-■'4'' '■* wr . . ,- __ .*-
^•tJ^I^
i>r^
i^i!sr ..
['■■■•^'l
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Geum rossii
Sibbaldia procumbens
Saxi f ra, nival i
G-entiana tenella
Saxi f ra^ nivalis
Gen ti ana tenella
istic of Arctic Re- gion.
\
I
t
Sxtracts from Lint of Alpine Plants of Rockj :4ountain Region
luritip also Occuring alao Peculiar to .n Asia in Europe or N.A^^t
Grreenland cfai^^cter*
stic of Arctic i^e- gion*
Geum
oibbaldia procumbens,
Saxifratga - nivalis
dentiana tenella
Saxlfra^ nivalis
A
Gent i ana tenella
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03
In the San Bernardino Moantains from approximately the
latitude of San Bernardino easterly to San Gorgonio Pass there
• • • ■ t ,
are today remnants of two tribes of the same linguistic stock —
the stock commonly known by the Spanish -Mexican name "Serrano".
^ The names these people use for themselves are Mar-re-vi-am
•«» . ■ •
for Mah -r i ng -ah -yum) and Yo-hah-ve-tum^
i:"-^-
.y^
'i\
.'■*«S
It5*«-'
4 "'. ■* ,:
<
Today the survivors occupy essentially the same territory— e southerly slopes of San Bernardino Mountains. But) before
"fci\A^
•VI, J.'
interference by the whites, the Yo-hah-ve-tum lived, farther west,
.-■.. ■' '-• " .■ ■.' '■ ■■•'':.'■ , •/ '• , • ' :. ■'■..•,.•■ ■•„■'. •' ■ :. ,%:•''■- , '; ■/ '-v ''■■V'-C^y*
and higher in the mountains, occupying (^I least i^^
,r •
b ■/:>
■■^f.T-^
great Bear Lake Valley. Ubme
•''*'"^.',
;^.,,\/';'.;,
Ml ■ ' » ^. (
'I ^;i
them cli^'im t erri t pry eas t e
'V:' *<"■ '
,■' V
1 '"*'*
as far as Mission and Mo roiigo Creaks --but ^t hi s/i«-^
." ,••.'»»
"i. ■>
■ ■<■
>»•
Thei^i: western limit ; appears to have been a little el^t of
.»■' . ♦ . ■■ ■- ■ ■■*'■: '^■,'■.
• I/" '. 'I . 1 ; i' '
■ t, ,' 1 ■ V,,
I !V
latitude of Little Bear Valley, for another tribe or subtribe
> •' -.'l.
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(i-er-ve-tum now ||144g.Jai:^ little Bear Valley and ^
'>' Vv'
J
"';t;
i..„T_ i.. '^-"on Pass.,. The well-known rancheria Mus-ki-a-bit
Vi,
C2]
in Gajon Pass belonged to f-em.
fS*J^^^
The tribe call|^tli ems elves Mar ~r e -v i -aifeft : t he San Gorgoitio
^..iU3tIo^'t^
^ .KJ^
Pass x^?,^^^^^3^=^!^^=^ Wthe slopes above Redlands
and San Bernardino. Survivors of the later group are now
Sand Greek in"" the foot slopes north of Patton.
living on
Adjoining them on the south are
tribes commonly
I
r.
A,^-'^-^
called Ca1iuina,"#*-,the San,Gorgonio-White»ater region and thence
south'
/c>^^*6?1?hese. the one on the upptT waters of White$«rater
call themselves ^a^'-ne-pe-pi^lL (I^^^o'^. *^^^®> •
In the San Bernardino Mountains from Approximately
fbe latitude of
Modlando east erly
"^^7?!.
K.
'^•^
are today remnants of two tribes of the same linguistic
stock
K^
stock commonly ftairtBd
exican
ame
^ber_ranp'^ The names these people use for themselves are Mar-re-vi-am'' (or Mah -r i ng -ah -y umj and It o -hah -v e -t um . ^ T o d ay the survivors occupy essentially the same territory — the . southerti slopes of San ijernardino Mountains, But be: interference by the whites the Yo -hah -ve -tufa lived ^higher in the mountains, occupying^in summerHhe great Bear Lake Valley, i easterlv as far as Mission ^?§^ and Morongo Ore
♦ the Palm Springs tribe (also Gah-we-ahJ . '^Owins to the
apparent non-existence of survivors of t>e Mohave Desert tribes
sottlomcnts~nf wTiom w»fe-found by liarces along 4hB Mohave
Biver and its head^^aters on the north slope of the mountains 1 have been unable to S?&e^4r"the boundary between so-called
^^•<^v-o~-
4^
eB4-cif^-Jte¥<mg^ Ya"
Serrano of the mountains and the tribe occupying scattered
locations dtwater holes on *b©- Mohave Desert. The only
tie east of the latitude of Little Bear Valley aJrtfeettgh -^^-^"^^
ittle B'
another^subtBibe (Per-ve-tuml^held L
lear Valley and thence
\ ' positive information obtained is that Chemeweve Indiana held
wes
^ancheritd
ilus-ki-a-bitl.)y'
Pass^g^aad-
tribe
.r
calli in the 'east
them-
Old Woman Springs. Whether or not the settlements along
W^et— fSan Bernardino slopes above Kedlands an
SuT"^ors of the later group are now^iving on Sand Ureek^wtrro they ■oftll-'OTMftftt . yfi'he * imtiftftsxg^mmonly called Uahuilla,
Mohave Hi ver belong to the same tribe (the Beneme of Uarces)
of the San (iorgonio- White .Water region and thence south.
is still uncertain.
rol bands \^/^he one 4n the upper waters of White /Water call themselves Wah-ne-pe-pi-ah (Pablos tribe] .
Whether or not the Indians of the northern part of ban
Bernardino Valley were Mar-re-vi-am ( Mah -ring -ah -yum j or
./
Th6 W ah -ne -pe -pi -ah
known also by the name Wah-ne-ke-tem. They originally occupied Morongo Vta>l<iy->.to the divide.a*— 14«. '^ head (eaEt) this divide separating their tribe from that of
Yo-hah-ve-tum is not positively known, although fax the fact
that the Yo-hah-ve-tum claimed the northern habitable parts
/
./i
^
. of ban Bernardino Mountains might imply that the Valley Indians
u
* the beginning of the world all tribes of t>iis region originated
were Mah -ring -ah -yum. in fact, t^e Ma^ -ring -ah -yum ciaim the
in the valley of liig Bear Lake whence they gradually spread
sout^-erly slope of the mountains and bordering parts of the
valley including the whole of Yucipa Valley and thence easterly
over ban Gorgonio Jr'ass and on tb the divide between korongo
in various directions, later that the original iiear Valley
people became the Per-ve-tum of Little Bear Valley region
Valley and 29 Palms.
Mahr-king-ah is the habitat name given by the Mah-ring-ah-y
um
for their own territory. The eastern part of this territory
is called Mahl-^ke by the Uahuilla. The Mah -ring -ah -yum
state that they used to go to Bear Valley for pine nuts. They
stale definitely that they are''coyote"people, that the other
tribe is'raven; although the oeche of |&lm Springs are wild cat.
Chief Roy Manuel of the io-hah-ve-tum tribe states that in
yy-
NAIi'eS fob other INDIAN TRIB3S IK LANGUAGE 0? THE K]5^TAH-KA..M0O-KUM
(NICKHAMSD HAlf-HE-HAT)
/
Their name for themselres:
Ke'-tah-M-Bwah-kan or Ke-tnli-na- ■0 o^kum
Ke-tah-nah-Bwits f 'Serrano*) naie for thenselTes,
Ham-^e-nct; Nickname for Ke-tah-na-moo- knm in their own langaagejKooko'-em- kam in San Gabriel (TongTa).
Pah^pah-ve-a-taiB (old chief Te-ncZ-kS)
Wahm-kan-ne-jaia
am-met-wel^le (Chief Te~no-kah)
(patoh-ah-«i*5^ko-pe-a-taB (in S lYow-wel-Ban-ne (in their ovn la
c
lenguege
)
|Pah-pi -na -QO-nam
pah-pi -nah-nwa-kuB (TongTa of San
^ Gabriel
Ah-koo-too-tse-ya«: So. Piute Nuwuwah
Tg-che: Yokut tribe
Pal-la-aHBe; Pal-lah-we^^-e-yam
Sik-koK
I'u-Te-pe-a-tum; Too-va-pe-a-tam
Noo-chan-itch
Ko-aah-ne-hung-o-kuiB (=»"mean lennuage*' -- Tory harsh and unintelligible}
Too-iiah^me-.y^cal led Too-leJi-'Iryf^itir by themselTes in their own language^
Ko-ko-em-kam (slurred Ko-kom-kaoi)
r J.
Teion Mts. at the Pass ("Kl Paso'1) They called tjieir language of Ke-tah-nah-nma-kuB >
Ke-t eh-nah-awi ts
Bakersfield Plain including iCtm . t Lake to Tejon foothills (one old ^oinan still alive at Tejon)
>uena Vista Lake? or fart her, naybe toward San Lais Obispo* (Language unique).
Buena Vista Lake language very old and harsh. All dead.
Bakersfield Plain (nearly estinot;
few on Tule Hiver).
San Babriel Valley Tehachapi (to Paiute Ht.) Tulare Lake Pozo Flat White River
i
Valley of South Pork Kern to below Piute Mt. [Too-bot-e-lob-efrla]
Mts. near Tule ^iver?
»
i
Buena Ventura and Santa Barbara tribe. [ChumashJ
I
3rd Laguna (west of Buena Vista Lake ) < i^n^ua ge uiii que . i * '-.f^
.<
'*.:»
1 V 4-
• »^
■'Ji.
Name given Ke-tah-na-nwa-kan of SW Mohave Desert Jb San Bimardlaio i^ts. by the San Gabriel/Tongva. s
y.-^
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I* i
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M
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**ff..
ilh^^ho^naT: Haringam name for Banning (pllic#; not tril>«#) ^'
-T-a:
•i^.;
(♦."'
fT
r; ,-;n
A-ko-pe-aT: Maringeii iia«e for Beaiaitmti Mahlke rillaga of
■v^
Wah-ah-dia-vah at sunrit of Pssr*
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Hah*-7e: Earingam name for PalmSpjings RS Station (Cahuilla-
ttrritory).
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r >^
,'! .
I J*",
A
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.>-v
^
lumHiis-iiil: ieringain same for Mission Greek*
IV f
Nahl^-ke: The Agency (Pot rero) and Indian r^Serration noar Banning
■■»: • Y».- ■•!_< ''• ■' I ■
In Hariijg6i[ l^tflp.
'. iff "
1..-A
ISah-rah; llaxi man name for 29 Pa!^fl«
W^'^'" ■'"
;^^'
-^
-% -••
•..r-t '^ t
f/X)rongo: Jaaringam name of Mo rongo Valley,
■•f-i.K
Often used by
^...U'
•-'■«)'> • "vr.-- - «>*
l^l^e 6r
neighboring ti^bes and J^y,^]^ also as traibal name
'-• ■■■'.•.,..,-" -A. .■*'•.. '. ■■■-.-'■ ■■„. : •':•- .- .■■■- .■■■■'.-.'?•"■ *•'*■;» v.-'. 4,.. ••■• vV..,^-. ".i''-
.»«• .-•'.';'
Bat^
0 Eeseffation near
iH
?■ ,
''»-<^ ,-i
V-.'
... _>^
.;■ ,1
%■•'',<(.
^f'.'tt
vM ■■ ■ ■■ ■ t
Mus-ki-a-Dit : taringom name for l!uscupia1)e , it ere Calbn Pass
p er Koos tail village tt ere j .
\ . f.
pa h-ra-Tah|LA t - 1 w-
...-'■y:.
r*^ ' -^^
■',♦■ ■ »■
.,-.t%;,>0;
, V, '' ' -V* \'* ■;» ■-■,'■•" ' . ■ ■■■■'■■
*, ■ ■■ ■ * *u, * ' ■'
nSMAB
T 1
T.,:"''??"
t:'i''x'*.
m'
}. ■ ■ •H',
":, 'V'
.?«■■ ■,
X
'V
■■J-'^
Ite-hi^a-kahftEeHiigiiliaM for Ce^jezoi^' flit San GorgonlcT^ss )•?
j^Kannfiam naae fjer Tuca^pe Valley, aoutheaat of ^<^tas te|lr|teiT» Tomer riliage tnere}.^-.
ands.
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.t^'f ' 4*v.
., "•■**■ ^ . t l\ "
' 4
■ ' < «.
•* J •-'-•
■«i
j^-t ■-»X.t«4k.^;
■.-- ^''f.^'^-rk^^Jii
..*
Morongo: *^ariiigain name of Morongo Valley tribe. Often used "by
nei^boring tribes and by whites also as tribal nsme.
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Hem^e-nat: Nickname for Keltah-na-mwits in their own laagasge. Called Ko-ko-em-kaiR by San Gabriel (Tongva).
Ke-tah'-nah-aun: "Serrano" in language of Mo-he-ah-ne-um of San Bernardino )5ts. Doubtless Ke-tan-a-rou-kum of western Mohave Desert*
Ke-tah-na-mwah-kan: Ke-tah-na-mwits of western MohaTe Deser^. ( (» Serrano') Their name for themselves.
Ko-ko-em-ka» (slurred Ko-kom-kaa): Nane given Ke-tah-na-mwah-kan
I.
of western Mohave Desert and >an Bernardino Mts. by the Tongva of San Gabriel.
^'Cahuilla'* L'ahl-ke: a Tribe whose territory included Banning Reservation
northeast of Banning. Their name for themselves.
t „i
Wbr-ring-am: Kehl-ke name for"SeiT6nd"trib#t;east of themselves which they abut ageinst from Mission Creek to Grayback Peak
VohineeiR or Mohineahneum: i:phl-ke name f or "Sefrfind" tribe in
9
mountains north of 3an Eprnsrdiho and adjacent part of I'ohave Desert.
korongo or Mar-e-am: Mahl-ke name for"Serr8n6'*tribe of ttorongo Valley end mission Creek.
>Por-ron-go: K8h-we-sik-tcin(of^Palwi Sprir^g^ nane for tribe in Morongo Valley (Maringan).
v»..;
^ ..
..->
-(. '■:<■ -
■.;., '*^:'t"-
■^i
'■u
5
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>:J
* %
f»
■. ■ ,1 ^*'
:
.■->r*' •'•>"-■'"■ •■, -1,
/■-. ••-
'i':\
Pah'-o-vah: Maringaa name for Mahrah band and village, 8 or 9 miles
east of £9 Pains.
-ve-a»: Kall-ke name for b«nd east of Arastro to Rock Corral (east of 29 Palms) on edge of llohave Desert.— *^ig country".
Su-wu-nah Ttihk-tahm: Ma-ring^m (of Morongo) nane for "Serrano".
Ter-kah: Mahl'-ke name for related band in Little Morongo Valley.
-ah'-diam: Mahl-ke name for tribe northeast of Yu-ki-pi-am, reaching to mouth of Santr Ana Canyon aid to a big cave on San Bernardino Mt. where they joined the Morongo.
* ■
Wahn-ne-ke-tujn: Kah-we-sik name for Mahl-ke.
Wun-nah-pe-ap^pe-ah: Maringam nane for Mahl-ke of Banning Reserva-
Yu-
tion. tion»^
-pi-am: aahlke naie for Koos-tam, the tribe extending from the mountains north of San Bernardino east to include "The Arrow", and southerly to Eedlands, Riverside, and Yucaipe Valley.
■ ., • ■■ . ^^ ' ■'.-
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y
NAMES K)R OTHER INDIAN TRIBES IN LANGUAGE OP, THE KB^TAH-Nii-MOO-KUM
(NICKNAMED HAM-ME-NAT)
''Their nam© for themselves:
Ke-tah-na-mwah-kan or KeT-tah-na- moo-kum
it^ Ham-me-n»t: Nickname for Ke-tah-na-moo- kum in their own language ;Ko-ko-em- kam in San Gahriel (Tongv8).
4 /pah£pah-Te'-a-tam (old chief To>^no-ka)
Ke-tah-nah-mwits ( 'Serrano ») naae for themselyes.
5^
Wahm'-kan-ne'-yifei
[TIL"" " "^**
3 V|iarf-met-wel-le (Chief Te-no-kahT
/" ft>atch-ah-mi®^-kb-pe-a-»tam (in Serrano) ^ pow-wel-man-na (in their om language
1 (pah-pi-na-mo-nam
' iPah-pi-nahHBwa-kTM (Tongva of San
•^ Gabriel "6 Ah-koo-too-tse-yam: So. Piute Nuwunah
^ Ta-che; Yokut tribe
*
f'=> Pal-la-fi-me; Pal-lah-we°^-e-yam
n Sik-kow
''-i^Tii-va-pe-a-tum; Too-T8-pe-a-tam-(^^k
I2> Noo-ohan-itch
fq Ko-sah-ne-hung-o-kum (-"mean language" — very harsh and unintelligible)
>r Too-nah'-S«r^ih^;oalled Too-laft-a-^yam'i by themselves in their own language.
U Ko-ko-em-kam (slurred Ko-komi-kaii^
Teion Mts. at the Pass (*'E1 Paao"). They called their language of Ke« t ah-nah-mwi ^kum Ke'-tah-nah-mwits
Bakersfield Plain including Kern : Lake to Tejon foothills (one old woman still alive at Tejon)
Buena Vista Lake? or farther, maybe toward San Luis Obispo* (Language unique).
Buena Vista Lake, language very old; and harsh. All dead. --^
" ~ ' II ■" ■ _|j..i !!■ . "-W^ ••'*.- ^>V^-
Bakersfield Plain (nearly eStinct; few on Tule River).
San Gabriel Valley Tehachapi (to Paiute Mt.) Tulare Lake Poao Plat White River
Valley of South Pork Kern, to below Piute Mt, [Tod-bo t-e*lob-eil8 J
Mts. near Tule -ciiver?
Buena Ventura and Santa Barbara . |[ChumashJ
/ '
^d Lagttna (west of Buena Vista ;|©kA}*, language unique.' "1 t^
'I ^•^ * ■' • . . i.- >, • ^ • r • • . • f ■ ■■'■{■ .r •■ '
j-t? AvA^" y • Jt-jV ' ^ -V , ■'••■•'-■ ■.' - ■•■'■* •'■••( •'"*■ •• •
Name given Ke'-tah-n^*mwa-kan of SW Mohave Desert & San Bernardino Mts. by the San Gabriel Tongva. *
(.:
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t
VV
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••■'♦•/ - a ■■■^!
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■- I
r*.-./ - .. ^.
K-w-
Ci^^w^JOir-^ tXJU.
■f-.' '/
r-
Hamime-nat: Nickname for Ke-tah-na-mmts in their own language. Called ko-ko-em-kain 1)y San Gabriel (Tongva).
\.
Ke-tah-nah-miai: ^'Serrano" in language of Mo-he-ah-ne-um of San
^«:> />,
-Inim
v:
Desert.
^ Ke-tah-nS-mwah-kan; Ke-tah-nS-mirits of western Mohave Desert. (
?/
, ..:
-^■' "*■'
v«'
(VSerrano*) Their name for themselves.
ii'
^^,v:;..:
Ko-ko-em-laim ( ■lurred to -kom-kami ; of western f6have Desert" and Saii iof ^h Gabriel.
Name given Ke-tah-na-mwah-kan "rdino Mts. by the Tongvi
»^
/'^'
.>-..^
'.>*S^.'
J ''^
V ' .^,^ '•»
If.
Mahl-ke-'*''A?rite whose territory included Banniiol Reservation
".'•-•■ -'■/■ >i
^ - n^ of Banning. Their name for tliemselves.
■ ■■v:-^." ' ■ ..^ , ','V ;■■■ -^ ...v^'-^ f ■^ -. ■;•■-,',-,,-. ;•:•• : -...'■-- ,, ■■ '\^' ■,,,--, v'--v ,' -. -»' ■,-- , ..^•, . ■-
- mr^riMiiil 'Mah]^^ name,for»«SeiMrtoo'?|riVf3fe8t of m^elp^^^
V^Jt-'ryr;-..--
; * ■■■. ■:»^.',; ■•■'' ■
^-^?s •■ ^4^....:'. .?/<* -::.;:';:-^' > ■ ^i>: -iW'.- '^■.:^"?-''V-:- " r'
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: ■ "-^.s^'^IS-'J^
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fr • ft',*
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f'.'t
■^■»i;
r^^ .ri^.^
■ '' ' 1 H ■"
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■ '' xj^ ■
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,j.* \ 4-,;,
' for"Seif»o0^tri ino and adjacent part q|
■■•if- •' .,■■■•<•
>► !^*.,
;>'„
*t.
'(<'^
^.^'...,
.'v^:^^
"f*-
v">.:-:- ■•■^;- ■;v;;.*:•^:■•■:v;.,^«V''"^•-•'^,^^>r^;#-.•.4Jc;^^^^^^ ■■■.■■.<'-/-'.:■'•■■■■■'.-■■■■-.
■'t
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'ir:^. ■^■-:-
■■•.», '-
^lEfinb'^ribe
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z
V.
r
"^Pah-o-vah: Maringam name for Mahrah band and village, 8 or 9 miles
e^st of 29 Palms#
\f
X
Pih-0-ve-am: Mall-ke name for band east of Araatro to Rock Corral C (east of 29 Palms) on edge of Mohave Desert. — "big country". c
^
4
Su-wii-nah Tahk-tahm: Ma-ring«^am (of Morongo) naiie for "Serrano".
/
Ter-kah: Mahl-ke name for related band in Little Morongo Valley.
; ^■■•. ■<
■f '
Wah-ah-cham: Mahl'-ke name for tribe northeast of Yu-ki -pi-am,
. ■■■■ ■. " ■ • . V'- .. ■' ^'"V' ■''•'■ -.-■•'■■" ■ ■ '' '■ ■' t'' '■ ' ''■■■' '- •' ■'* ' "''
V reaching to mouth of Santa ina Canyon and to a big care on
^ *
San Bernardino Mt. %here they joined the Morongo.
^^
^
Wahn-ne-ke-tura: Rah-ve-sik niinl for Mahl-ke*
V> !
\ ...
I. . '■<■■ '
r. \: ^
■ly'.
,. ♦,
Wun-nah-pe-iiip^pie-th: Ma^ingam nan e f or jSila^ Reserve-
J,
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' t
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Tu-ki-pi-am: , Mahlke nane for Koos-tam; the tribr extending from the
,*.'
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ir
f •• . '■*■
mountains north of San Bernardino east to include "The Arrow", and sputiierljr to &dlands. Riverside, and J^oaiipt Valley,' v
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Kroeber uaen "Kitanemuk* in a broad sense aa practi- cally synonomous with the Spanish-Mexican "Serrano*.
He defines their geographic position as "upper Tejon and Paso Creeks" (611) and also "streams on the rear [south] side of the Tehachapi Mountains in the same vicinity and the small creeks draining the northern slope of the Liebra and Sawmill 'Range, with Antelope Valley and the westernmost end of the Mohave Desert."
•>
^ ,
y
?'
KETANAMWITS (Commonly called "Serrano")
Ke . t arf >nfi -mo o^-kmn fKe-taK-na-mwits ). Their name for themselves.
Large tribe of western part of Mohave Desert (west of
• -^
Cajon Pass), including at least the northern slopes of the Sierra Liebra and San Gabriel Mts. Closely related to Mohineam. ^r^♦J^yvJv^,^<^*'si-»-o^'tJLVv^^
\ »
, "k _ • '
Called Ko-ko-em-kam by the TongvS.
\.
u>.
:;;'&'
'■()
Mah«re«am. Their name for themselves.
Tribe of Miflsion Creek and Morongo Valley, Called Mor-ron-go by the Kah-we-sik-tem. Called Mai^ring-am by the Mahfte.
Mohineyam or Mo-he-ah-neum. Their name for themselves, used also ■■c- by the Mah]!ke'i---V<^^?-t- '^^^^ , ■. ; .
Tribe in Sen Bernardino Its. and Mohave Desert eiist of
|
, = :rthi8 is |
th (9 tribe called BiSBie^e |
T i,,t
■^ V >
*f
t
\
\*
'■'• i.T' -V-*'
■ ''■' 'i
troiBb^r.^ it appears to bei very cld^^ly related to the
, the neighboring tribe on the west. Much remains
of bo
\
to be le
Koostam^.Jheir namft, |or themselves
/ 'N^
--'V V. ■ .».-,S-/i
-.-•v
'■* >' ^'^^'.V'
■- « It -W' '"'"■'' :l^'
> Tribe of San Bernardino Yaliey and Sin Timoteo Canyon.
ifiludes Muski'gbit and Yukipa bands* , .-3 -K^ Mahikdf^: ;;^
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KCXJNTAIM TRIBES AT OR NEAR THB TSJON
(&om>
Ilanch Uezicans and halfbraods
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Two tribes belonging to differai^t families of tiie Shoshonean
■if
stoei: are at tJle Tejoh c4lled
t'<.''.
'■■»
;v ,
>."
These tiribos.,arei
,-l.
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a*r
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tl^ly 1ili#»aia#
Tehdohap:
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a
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group
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to-
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hi . "'^'■•
' V V HfiBallisi A^koci^iiif^>aB (coiEioniv slurred to To9t^3<i^a» ^r Too>
• '^#r^
' 2. > Ke -tah^taai'^noo-mn (Ke - talt»iiaai*B»a«1cuB
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-<*£'
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. <•-,.•
^^^:^^^ 1 2. > Ke-tali>tm«^a66-lhm CKe-talk«Mli«mw^ i^- ; ^A
3 Y Th0ir belonc to tp[Jijhin^«i,||iily,^ Shoih«|p|^|^ Wp*
-'"■vv
, ti' 'J'
-»?'
'CAT
.y ,..•.
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^j,S^%'i
and Ko»k6ip>kuni
Gabrielino*).
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u,,
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CAHUJilNG4 [KBTANAMWITS]
Hon 12, 1905
Alto Mirana Tido* (now doad) told mo; 1* How-kop 2. W6h' 3* Pah-ho
4. Wah!.tMih
5. Hah-hah'tr
6» Wal^hjC-mah-hahtr CCojoto it Wah'«ht] 7.
10. W&^8h*hah8
Poople —TahUkah- tun **OahtteDg>'aiTed thmr% always* their naoe. People at San Feniando talked 8aB6 language long ago, aid same at San Gabriel^
San Fernando; and H Scorpion, San Gabriel and Tahhungah"*
u
\
CAHU^(E CKSTAN^MWITS]
lot. 12» 1905
Alto Mirana Tidea (now dead) told ne: 1. How-k6p Z. fdh'
3. Pahlhe
4. Wah'-tsah
5. Mah-he^tr
6. WS-ha-mah-hah tr [Coyote is Wah-he]
7. .
9.
10 « ffa-mah-hahs
People— Tahikah^tum "Cahuenga lired there always their nfirae. People at San Fernando talked same language long ago» ani same at San
Gabriel.
San Fernando and 31 Scorpion , '^ San Gabriel ard Tahhungah*
.-./-
^
CX'Vv.<k,<Vvw\Aj.V
.C4.k^ XN-W^
M
V
>>
^-k J'
Mo-he-ah-ne-um
>'v::
^■.^■'^ i"'^
:i{'
'a:*
-ring-am.
//^
jMah-re-am Mar-re -vi -am Mar-king-ah
-•^" ' ■.■„ •, •
"^''■. :fi,.4j(:' ■■' .; .■■■
*'V.-
:**-
^■.;t ,*S -
-/ •«.,/,,
Serrajio of /^San Bernardino Mountains; ^s* , ^ originally from upper Mission Creek a*| country <:ijJ^-^s^.U,^_^^j^^^_^,^^l^^^^^
Serrano of Banning and Morongo
,;^^^•**.<•:'■'v
•■..•Si&i*;?*-'^;,
ves
';*«:t.
#^*^:Wv^;?^,
'?>.:,.
^ ^ •;■- ■■■'..
name Mar-re-vi-am called their country
The divide between 29 Palms and Morongo Valley is the old boundary between the Mar-re-vi-am and the Chemc^we-ve of 29 Palms (Mara).
■yS^:^^0:
\
\
Mar-ring-ah-3^ Mar-ring-i-|Sm
\
Ma'-ring-i-yam.
Mah-ring-ah-yum^
Mah-re-ah-yum
The Pipes, Big & Little Morongo Creeks, and Morongo Vailey, a^ v*^—tw»^ |:;«x^-2MU.x^
also full name oS tribe in San Gorgonio Pass at Banning .
The southern part of San Gorgonio Pass (Beaumont to Whitewater) belonged to Cahuilla. *
Warren' s ranch is in the middle of Morongo Valley (therefore in Mar-ring-i-am
territory) .
The Pipes (division called Mo-he-ah-ne-um)
San Manuel Reservation north of Redlands and Patton
Old Woman Springs belonged to Chemeweve 29 Palms ("Mara") belonged to Chemeweve
Ma-jring^
Mar-ri also
Sarrano of Banning and Horongo
-am
/
-▼i-am
•yum
K
•yum
Mo-he -ah-ne -um
San Manual PeaerTation north of Redlanda and Pat ton
Serrano of San Bernardino Mta. originally from upper Mission Creek country
The Pipes belong to Ma-ring-i-yam (to diTision cfilled
f'o -he -ah-ne -um )
1
The Pipes
Big & Little '^orongo Creeks
Morongo Valley |
Mar-ring-i-am - full oame of tribe in Sam C^rgonio Pass
at Banning
(Mar-ring-ah-yam belonged to J
(Mar-ring- i-am
The southern part of San Goiigonio Pass (Beaumont to Whitewater)
belongsd to Cahuilla.
Warren's ranch is in the middle of Morongo Vallet (therefore
in Mar-ring-i-am territory). ^
The divide between 29 Palms and Morongo Valley is the bid
boundary between the Mar-re-Ti-am and the Chemeweve of 29 Palms (Maral^- : -
vr -•>*;,i
Morongo tribe called Xfar-re-yi-am their country, Mar-king-^xh. Old Woman Springs belonged to Chem-e-we-ve
♦,....; • '-^
29 Palms ("Mara") belonged to Cheme eve
<^>''^'.
A' '-i
^
1-. I
,"'.■'<•
'«.
I •<;^;,yi«it* >■-*•. ^'ih.'^n
.■••'■ ■., -■ ■ 'A
>■ -:,.
[Kvotla^V *VvA.Vwc,t
SERRANO TRIBES AND BANDS GIVEN BY KROBBER AS MAINLY IN SAN BERNARDINO MTS. , INCLUDING' SAN BERNARDINO VALLEY. AND SAN GORGONIO PASS. HANDBOOK OP INDIANS OP QALIP(ffiNIA. 1925.
^ ' / ' - *
Kroeber refer eneea
Palukiktami Lyons Canjon (p.618).
PaYukuyam: Akayat near Banning (p.617).
AQhavat
little lake east of Bear Lake (map pl«D7)*v.9
/•
Agntnahyant
Kitanemnk naae for Kawali8up4luin?.va
.^■*,""'
t-.a
^.
The Pipes: Knpaeham (p. 618).
: Banning Water Canyon (p.6]L7)«
^
^]Ba2LMil: Bast of Mohaire River*
: (?) Between El Casco and Beaomont (p. 617)
.'**>./
A.r-
-"V4r
1/ Jenjgneohe .of GftCSfiifSe
: On little Horongo Creek (p,618).
Knpaeham I The Pipes (p.618)«
i9|li
Uohineyam of Mohave Riyer. Chemeweyt?
...'_' .. «'
^
/
I/'
Maringa: Big Morongo Creek.
Mftiingftyam
rv
MjirlTigftypT)
'r*-
Midd. (Halli
/:
*
;J.
San Bernardino, Redlands, and Yacaipi southern edge of San Bernardino Rftng<
Cinek (p. 6161
lyakiihiktan:
--.••/
..,^'
-*■■■■ '■'
>'»>,>iis'
Greet (p.SL8).
;\;
■•'■■:'-%y.
WannniiDayam:
(617)
.i.Y
'1%/-;
,y»
; Jf)':
-«►
Ynhaviatam
-V, 'j<ftt:«.
Mnknnnat ! Big Morongo farther north, (p. 618)
..,,.^.(
or near near
of Inhayiat ("pine place**) in Valley, (p. 618).
■Aw-
V^i'
\.
>\l
Nahyn
m-
"^
■■■■ X- , '.^
/ V
■'hlrV.
'I'/..^
••ii.ir-..V '.,;.|f^;'^'V',!^'-
^i*"
.«,
'-«■•
,■».
.;• I*;
-■■V.
■iV«i-
^^j^^M^.lj^''^^/ -
S^^%jju^
UwvX^«KJII T ^^
&^di>*:jLi^'vv^^— t
•wV-Yt.^W\*A/w^
iP*'*
«^ Scvv.Vvvdvv.w.^.L
^wsu^ < ^JLSULmJLjc.
Our name for our tforongp tribe* OrigLnal heme was Ul salon Creek
country•t^^c«.» ^[^^ipL^i •*- ■wvoKAwAj^.-wdir,
name for our tribe
-i- Har«>rine»ahHBtt
■«■'■-
lt'ii^ft*'.->
Our name for our tribe in San Gor* gsnio Base region*
Ifatr-rlne-^m, Mar-re-am Our name for our (Morongo) tribe in Hi^landt re^on. {j^irile aw^ San lianuel Reaenration") near Fatten*
Our naaiB for our countxys San Gor* gmlo Faat«6ttmlng41orongp Reaervation countxy and northerly to aouth edg» of aehave Deaert^Xd Woman* a Spxing^; eaaterly throu£|i ttorongp Valley to P&aa
between
ina
River*
Called
name for our San Go r-
Qmio F&aa country* Uorongj Valley westerly to ibite-
wAter River.
•p^ 4i^^- \fl ^- *^ "jr::^
Information obtained by me from so-called "Serrano" tribe at San Manuel Reservation
near Patton, May 24, 1933. WfvM. ^^^^f^
\
■'\
X
/tHeld^8outherly slopes of San Bernardino Mta. andj^border of vallej^includingXTucal^ Valley,
fi*om west of Patton
rxto Ml
f*fV
Mahr-king-ah is the place (habitat) name in our own language for ou r hVIah - rin cy-ah - vumlt. "^^^ infer on 03 Reservationtl
.<- xo-Ke^i
Mahlke is the Cahuilla name for our Morongj country
y
(htX^
Valley and Bia^ Bear Vallev were ours. Our people used to q) to Big Bear Valley for Piny on nuts.
gow^w^m
CjLana
(Mah-ring-ah-yum')
MSlLia of Palm Spri^giB are liJisai.
ffroQ^^lca^^nim ia our name for.
^tj^
M^^
■ }
'fi»-<:
MB «.
^■' ■'^■■i-.
jLs.-'
' 'LiA--'ir-
-L
""Km.
' \
Inf oration obtained by me from so-called *9erranQ* tribe at San Manuel Reservation
Ttoar Pitt*.fm ifev 24. 1933. 'd7«.ll.
is the proper name of •our tribe*. Held southerly slopes of San Bernardino Mts. an^^der of valleyi^ includingjucaipa Valley^ from west of Putt on^o^ Moron go Reservation. Ttv^Wv^^
e^habitat) name in our own »r^ng-an-vum tribe,HowXon-fc»--
««A»\.
lanQiage
Morongo Reservation.
Hiahlke
^«.VU^
and
Bear Va!
were ours.
Our
people used to g> to Rig Bear Valley for Pinyon
nuts.
QlSSOM. -
people (%1^-ring-ah-Yum') are ppygtft* SeCj^-e of Palm Springn are lil^sai*
is our name foS,2fi^rft tribe*pctWH>^
■.xA-.dU . . / .<■' "V"-^:'-.* ;',_
-',i I ,.. ,..•;■*■■«£:.. J'
■.ll^•*■•■
>
V^.
•5
i
vW
■^
■■■■\
.-.*» -:•■..
ru, hf^^'^.\^^-
W ■ .^ ^ - ■< "^ '.■" .-1,1. -.«■
■'V,* .w>:.
'■iV.*' .^K
.:.,^;;t
>l(,';j'";>* j'^lt-*.
1
h-'J ,
isrrar:
VALLSt
Obtained by me at San Manuel Beserration (abo^| a mile north of Pat ton and only ten miles from Redlands) October 19 and 20, 193^.
Information from "Capt." Eoy Manuel, Chief of the
tribe at his home in San Manuel Eeserration
In the Beginning [of the World], all tribes of this region originated in Big Bear Lake Valley, ihen^o they s in various directions. Later, the Bear Valley
..v*t.^.: ■Tj- ■■'*■(■
•*'. •.
;^S1
■ ■*■■
!^^
•J
'»!
y-Mi
I were the
now extinct*
The
came from Whitewater. They are
called
i-pi by our people (the
MahllTcft is the original
^j
:4 \}r
'■■■'4
Mr
Pass— not a tribal name.
s our dud
,) name for Morongo
Reservation.
t
i/t- . • >■:■:
■H>.
Yii-kiLpa
tribe on the west side of San Gorgonio Pass; others, th§jfc^ it is a Mexican name and that the origins! and proper nsaat
of the tribe is
; others say that
Yn-kiLpah
:'f>. *',*i;'
.1, ■ •-*
■■■, '"'
correct. "Lots of people lived ther^
San Gorgonio Pass is
^ it. r*rs>
•>,»>
Redlanls is
§,'
=':5^^-
^^■.
■:#
^^•"^'■^^^i^i^-^' iiV'S^>^^^
V
XV * \5. a k^:^ *>^ ^ - ^^ tv V
■i §•...-■ ,,fV ,,■«.•> '1 '■'■>■ W ■" ' ■
•.^•,;-:r;^*fc
^*i
.■iu'';4 .-
-2.
is the tribe in the foothils south
of Piodlands and east and southeast of Colton.
U=ab.-
ehe^um:
The eastern
part of San Bernardino including the old cemetery, is HoLkah-fltahLte ("White Deer").
<u
grown
PTO-lit
Pasadena is
ifcJLK-/»-*-»J(^
M
Tho Iidians at San Manuel Reservation tell me that lal name of San Bernardino Mission was
Terivart-he>den km
The so-called 'MoroTigo ' tribe consists of more than one band, the dominant one^ being Jjti
(or Ics
), now here on the San Manuel Reservation at Patton, a few miles north of Redlands. They are often called "Serrano of Sati Bftrmrdino" aid appear to be the Mn-he-ahLne-um". ; thoue^ they tell me that the Mission Creek
country was the original home of the
They
tell me that the
jLah were the "original Morongo"
and came from farther east, and that a few still live at iorongo and a few at Palm Springs.
The tribe from Pasaiena and San Gabriel easterly to Jurupa Hills (just west of Riverside) called themselves
They are commonly known as 'aAbrielenos' ke the sjme language as the Pernandinos/%an Pemam
. ■,. '.'.-\; - ■(.
.''■•1«"
I 'f A • A ^-.%'
,*4"V.f;/.-^ >A..- ,*^'* '■ /• .■:."•- 'fci*>i>ii<i.,'.".i-
Information from "Capt" Roy Manuel
tribe), San Manuel Reservation; Oct. 18. 1932 -<v>v.
The valley tribe from Pasadena and San Gabriel east- erly to Jurupa Hills (just west of Riverside T called them- selves Koo-]
(commonly knowi as *Gabrielenos*)»
I -
Tongyva
Valley.
The original name of Morongo Pass was M^l-ke (place
name).
Our (Yu-)i^-ve-tuffi) name for Morongo Reservation is
The yvL»)ift]i-ve-tu|n territory was Bear Lake Valley and mountains nortii and west. The Yu-^ah>ve-tum (Coyote people) iiell me that in the Beginning of the World all tribes of this region originated in Big Bear Lake Valley, whence they
r
Spread in various directions. Later, the Bear Valley tribe proper were the ftijr^v i t-tem— now extinct.
r-
The Wah-ne-ke-tam came from Whitewater. They are
called
pot Morongo].
Cp^uilj-a
Some say that Y^-ki-pa is the proper naa of the tribe
on the west
of San Gorganio Pass; others, that it is
a Mexican name and that the original add proper name of the tribe is " ' ' *^'
1 /:. ' J'J.',
others still saj that S^-haht-pah is the name of the Y^-ki-pah rancheri^— iriiich I believe to be correct. "Lots of people lived there". San Gorgsnio Pass is Haji-]
«^-
Infomation from "Capt" Roy Manuel (Yo-hah-vit-tem tribe), San Manuel Rewervation: Oct. 18, 1932 - 0{»w
earth red
Redlands, Tey^-vart sym-ying-kah (or *hering-kah ) .
San Bernardino tribe, W^-aji-che-um (their rancher ia,
/ va Vrti-rt^-ctia-vftfr).
Eastern part of Saa Bernardino (old cemetery), ^oUah-atah^-ke ("White Deer").
Pasadena, Ay-ra-re ah-sah.
Yu*bitta Springs (of jPoo-lit band) covered by present city of San Bernardino.
Hpng-oo-vutt Tribe south of Redlands foothills and east and southeast of Colton.
The Indians at San Manuel Reservation tell me that the original name of San Bernardino Mission was W^-ah^-cha-biti the level valley or plain, Te^ivp.^-)ie-den«k
■Die so-called "Morongo" tribe consists 'of Indians of more than one band, the dominant one here being Y^-hah-vit-tem (or Yo-hah-ve-tum). now here on the San Manuel Reservation at Patton, a few miles north of Redlands. They are often
called "Sfirrano of
and speak the same Ian-
giags as the MQ-he-ah-ne-um. thou^ they think that the
Mission Creek country was the original home of the Mo-hah-ne-um. They tell me that the ^p-a»pa.-pi-a]
A
the''original Igpyonqo" [error: they are iabjulla^ ^
were
from farther east, and that a few. still live it Morongo and a few at Pfcilm Springs.
(.
/^^ftPfy^ (AiflDMiilill probably near north entrance to
Cajon Pass (peihap* farther eaet). Said to be 10 leases over the desert from ffHftp?fi>^t and 40 leagiea from San Gabriel. Also given aa 4 leaflet from Qufpiabit with a ciene^ between.
Qpftpiabit> May have been in
on Passov Gorgonio fasa vBuomit?}.
Said to be 4 leagiee (in another place said to be 9i leagaea ) from U^i^oblapit. Alao said to be 18i leagiea from pppaaonca. and 30 leagies from San Gabriel (toiard the ttohavea).
Quftpiabit
QlfflglflDfL. [Located by
^ft]^>yf««m
miles northwest of San Bernardino.]
./ ;? 1 , ,tL. ' ■ . i _ , ■««•. . ^ , -3.' -./^ •■ ' ■"■■■■
.■•»"■,: I
p^
1*^
r
|
' v ■■ ' ... ■ ' ' ". ' |
■N' '■■. ' |
|
- . . • ^ .,.■ . «, |
|
|
•■ - ■..«».■ "v |
» \ * |
|
'«:>/^*'^f'' •■ |
|
|
• • »., '■■/■t'. ; |
. '' i *»! |
|
'•%. |
• V'^ |
'■i
■/••t "
SERRANO- BMD AND PLACE NAMES
«.,'•'. -'■•
rft->.
Location
"< ■.■•,' ; -s^'
• , ■*,
f"
>ff"'.
■•J'V*"'
-#;•
''■■%«•
^ •*
:f 4:
"• 3.
O:
'■'V •'. "
1^..
f
>,
SEW'ANO" BAND AND PLACE NAMES
Aohava
■ < *
Kroeber
Little Baldwin Lake E. of Bear Lake
■-1*"-.
x"^-
Ah-mutch-ki-um
I
r
Ak-ke-ke-tam Amahavit
Atu'aviatam
C*H.M. (MS) C.H.M. (MS)
Kroeber Kroeber
'■•>
rf-
; -V-
.^.•"«i»
»■'•■ v'-,.
Band in Cajon Pass & £. to Arrowhea Ke-tan-a-fflwita name for their tribe
.»
■ii ' '
Band E. of Mohave
tFv^T'Y^s
ye. RiveiS^#Wxi<i;^Mil..
,.•' - wis,'.
Hung-oo-vut
C.H.M. (MS)
Jenigueche of
ces
Ke-tah-nah-fflun
|
Kroebejr ; ^ |
|
|
■■'••■■■ —r, . ., •• ' ., ... •; /*v ; ^. ; ■ . ««>' / ' ■- . , ' |
|
|
C.H.M. (MS) |
. ' ■ « ■ |
Valley so. "of
andjB st'E. of Colton
Ke - tah -na -mwah-kan Ke-tan-am-moo-kum C.H.M,
or Ham'-me-nat Ke-tan-ah-fflwita
;.': • ■*..
^V'
."»'.'
Ko-ko-em-kam
I»-
. -A
C.H.M. (MS) ':
In Mo -be -ah-ne -um»Serrano :Mah~ring"
yum
Serrano name for themselves
va nam^^|^,|an Bernardino
^>^ u^.. x^.^%g;je-tah-n&-m«rah-kan
'■,; '■'?*StfW^- ■*'?,•' ."(#<•■. ."■.i'-''%\ .,.-<«;-.• "
1 '
SIj^ Vvo'- K<L.Cik^v.v\e^u>^
. J^.tlij." ', -'iW
Name
'. ' :'</
\-
•',■•■^
;'.,V;.
Mahl^^
m
.JM
»t ^''i^i^-'
>i---.
...^•..y.-
Authority
.J ',T
C.H.M. (MS)
. - I'
'-*?r ',.-■■■■ f-' -'-^l-- _ ..'-^: v.;,,^ ...:-. v-"/--.^
Marinaa> 'Wia^lc-da
'« ''^! f ',»f' ^■»1P''TL, • . .. '.. ' - . -■ ', ... ■-
'^-
>»i "J':,
':-,■
jjgV>*-*:'4:':v*
1;'
i^ihiatnim-^^^ Atu'aviat&i
"&.
Kroeber
••*.
>■«
^. «.
;;>^^. ..._
^Mar-king-ah/ ^^ ,
IsilMahr-king-ahK
■ all' !>^'^>' .■•'%, J • ''.^ '■.'■•, ■■ .' ' ' -
**l*.^' ■'■>'..' .''4,l'^.'' '- ' :»H'^}^•;'"■ •■■>-:'«/'•.: '•"'."'"- - ' -•* ''"•.■'
Kf-oeber
C.H.M. (>IS)
■ -I
■i*i- ■''}•''';•'
w
■' . ■•-' '.■^••^•'■ftv.::,,'v^ ; >'r ',•■■?,'.■• ' .^^v'.'-" ■' ■-' -
fflar-T
., ''^^4^f^*.^'','-'.':.-^-'- .-;iy:-;
^v-^^'^f*%.■>^■''■■■%^«- /^v^.;i •>'•'-
.- v"t'..'.
•}. - .
L^-'; !»'r
J^''''....i'.>^"
••f:^ V
6 -ah- vuiff
-r#-am Ma35;-ring-ani ^
•^1
C.H.M. (MS)"
*.•■
'"■■'H'^
,^ Mai*-ring-a- IJM Mar-ringjah-yip
/
.■?it'-,vW':
■ ■ ■ '>.
Mar-ring-i-am-i li^H.M. (MSj)
o4tV#fe'^«l?^|;;~ ,^-:.^^
|
1- " " |
•'' , |
|
|
.►rf ^ ^ '1.. '-^•'. s, |
;7 w^ |
Location
Cahiiilla name Banning Reaervation
Ntjai' DannlHe;
Groups at Yamiaevul on lUsaion Creek
•yum
Yo -hah- ve -turn name for San Gorgonio Pass """ ^ country
Mo-he-ah-ne-um
Mo -a]:^ne -uiri
i^'^i^.
..' "• ■*
)«;':^.',:' . ''^.-^l^, .>.r'^..«l^""^V j;''--'"<\ 'i;:*?^.^ •■
C.H.M.
)
'^'
.*.'
Tribe in San Goigonio Pasa-Banning- Morongo Reaervation countryC^ww^^*-^*..,*^^^
..t
k
K*,'
Bands at Mission Creek and The Pipes
''"^ ■' i"^ijt!*':r?
'...i^'ji.;.^^.,;
'<^
-WOASJEb
.O^'OXta
■V
!'..•
■>'^
*..■ ,
**».■
," ../^y/k'- ' "
SmmW B/ND AND PUCE NAMES
Ft*""-. ' •■,.»• H
r V 'w
/"•,
V.
"SETIRANO" BAND MD PLACE NA^ilES
■■■*'
Authority
Mukunpat
Nahvu
Noo-chamtoh
Palukiktam
Pavukuvam
Per- ve -turn
" ■«.
Poo-lit
A _
■r.
t:. ' ■ '■
^:■^: :■>■■■•'
he TipeB
n,
■■.V ■,:-
' ■' V
**•: Su-wu-nah tahk
. '' >
Kroeber
Kroeber
C.H.M. (MS)
Kroeber
Krneber
C.H.M. (MS)
C.H.M. (MS)
* '
Band on Big Morongo Creek
' *<-4
Hathaway Canyon
, V •*
. - 4
^^
^
:'i' '''j
Ke- tan -a -row its name for Mta. near
Tule River
Name
;>
Tamukuvayazn
Authority
•^/
Tupamukiyam(?)
Te.\'-kak
TUrka k*
OiCVO'
Lyons Canyon Band
^<V
■^t^ <■>■■'■' ..^fS'.'V*
v-f
■%v
Band at Akavat near Banning
•ftv
i
Kroeber
Kroeber
Ki«eefe€rr
-; m I Vanyumi
\.
^^..
\~ f
>'.'*
.5v,
Yo-hah-ve-tum
■',. ■>
":^» ->
,.*}. , . ■
V
Tribe between LittU & Big Bear *'^P^^' Lakes. - "Talk same as' Yp-Ikh-ve-*"**
Band at Yi/-bit-ta Springs ^^^--|%!:«|| (in present San Bernardino; ; <;^14|
■^y -■■■■ .^M^^^^-"^
Kroeber
C.H^M. (MS)
^^'^
r_' ■ . • ,*■'- ■■■ - .-V, .J,i- • .; ''"'J
'■, . ■ -'v... . *,,■•' ■',; '-A' •-1-, ■'■■>. ■
^■y;
Ki^e«ber^
: '^iii-^-\
Kroeber
tahm
'^^:
■' .)
■1
ft'*-
* will','
iC f t...*^"Vt>*..Vt'^''tojij
?«.\.t
Wah-ne -pe -pi -ah . wan-a-p&-j^i'-ah
•rf
*9»^';: 'iBf '",- «: v^l^H^V'T^'.^
€<-
A*
C.H.M. (MS);.
Location
Group at Banning Water Canyon
Group between El Casco and Beaumont
<7
BaawU-en Little Moronso -Qretk
Mohineyam of Mohave Piver
Chemeweve ?
Tribe of Bear Valley. Closely related to Mar-ring:-ah-vum
Gretip-
"^-^a»»._.
1.
. *ii
'>r^-
./-V*':
Wa-<*.^
u
i^Ka^^j^
:^SaU.ir\
-^t^'pel
■ '.•• ■•■Jsr ■
Band in Morongo Valley W. to ^ ., r
Whitewater River CCeLVNuuU)
' . '•A
.»^ -v\-
f^tl
/A;
V.J 1^, I.' . ■,
,*'.,■■•■- V •■■■»;
^ '-e— iZf^,
-meuto Wht tiewg tar.^ Haay
■•>>
u'
•<
1?.
^'""■'>j» •^'f
•- >
■ '':t"^" ^V.\ >;
,.-\-r
':^:'
■ ■■» . ,j ", .'.jirTK
'■*
>.
■'1"?:, -*„ f.
^
$ ."
■ 'jl *
\f\
I I
MOONTAIN TRIBES AT OR NEAR THE TEJON
■' ■/■■■ " ,: . A
(Known as Serranoa by the Tejon Ranch Uexicana and halfbreodB.;
•s*'' -•■ • - ■■ ■.- . • .• ' / V ' ' ■'. , '" ' . ■ ' ''■'•,
'' ' • ■ ■ ••.'-■ -".',..'." . , '■'-•■■' » . ' ' • \ .•.-..■..
fWo tribes belonging to different families of the Shoshonean '
•.'*♦-,
tSk:
Stock are at tlie Tejon QpZed gerrftftog;.
?".•
..■)
r
A ■-
These tribes are:
'It^
v.fe-
, ,*»(
•■'-* -
'H'C^
•t'?nt.
-<:*■
I* Tolchinne (practibally
■•<•
XV'
>■-'*,
" ''^&c'
"ss,-.
■i,-
and ^iute Ut.)
ij same as the New*6o»ah of Tehechapi They belong to |he GhemeWYelgroup 6f the Shoihonean
4-
'■^•j'ii>i' V'
t :v
: -4'
s'..>^
'•2 . ':
ftmily aid range fiinTrom thi Tejon
i^'
X
■r-r
■♦'>■
- ':v '■'51 V «* ■■ ■^^
•s >
K-/r>'
S:
;.'i
•■'•: ■♦■■/ V
V Called Ah»koo»toot-8e-am Ic
by the Tejon Indians.
J,*
.■•r;ii;
• Jiiffd
nly slurred to Toot-3»-iii' or Too^-i
*-^Vr-"'
\\, -1-'. .-i c- , . '
J'jslP'A.,- ,'. 'i'A .;.,.;," *?■.-.; , -li':*.:. ' , , -,'* '*■ '«Pl^\. - f'^<
' f j^wliit'^ . JCe»tah«nah>moo-kiim IKe-tah«nati-'giira«b3m.
l^^%. .Thiyifel<fe: ■ tb' ^ Mohineir family of the Shoshonean stock and rangf
f" ''','■'..'
■''W;.
»■* * .■-■-.
ke"»tam : and. jure nicknaiaad Ham«me-nat tmeaning •ihaV s that*; by tiift . . .
.:iil;ili^'^'tej(i''tHbei;'^"1>^^
to
iiiesii of the Uiofiaire
^mmmmm t9,,i^§§m>^''^^^^ o|.the^,|an Berna^ll^. Jt^^
.•.4-. » ■'■:-■■ ,;■ •*!
Pall^ SfidbzaSilas. ^ gfidfeS:iSffl,M Ji Jong.va (•^GabrielinQj)*
'/^fl
■ ■ r ,-• j..-'.^ V 1,,'; •
Huth Fereli-:;t: Sketch o"^ Serrar.o Ovlt'xre, I? 24
The Territory of the Serrano (Top is north; Mit-wwt disUnct about 54 milit.)
Vfcftr^/i/Zt ^^ Q
laAe Att^itfAeael
(§)
^
^ ^fxr "'%,......>/
r ^.
'\^'"%u.
^^4i.
Sa/f %/ac/>7to
\
'^^fe
Coa^cA^//a l>a//fjr
t.
% ^ />/»«< *J5>/v>^x
Mnp. 1. Scrrnno TcMiitorv. Scjunrrs iiulicntc Wildcat, circh'S Coyotr
Moirtv ('Inns.
W. D. Strong*— Aboriginal Society So* Calif* 1929
'A • /
iuL
If. M -
"' ". ^1^'..'
;4y .
■ -W > ■■"',, ir« ' f
>■■'■:
■•^'
^' -,*'■,- m
^ih
ij»»
.r
mt
en
^f
MOHINMN
(Called Sftrrano by the Spanish).
Tocahulari
Mfi=k
C
La-^oo»kuia
V*. IM.
^
^
c-
Wjma
r'
V»i» '".*"'
1
:>
<^
•>■
f'.y-
\
I
,.^..,
^ ' ** >♦
Mohineaift. ferg^lrttii,- Kahwefliltjf Cahui 11a } , KfiftjUi,
r
A
c-
/
yumki
:>
C/.
'■>...
H ."^N^ '^
Kahweai^; and MohiDaan
P^pmlroB^Qr Lulseno) Is as close
■'•*. '■
1.;.-
.'* I,
Mohinean as it is to Kahweaik.
;'<'.^-
I ■■•','
W 'I- 'S -»» <!'
'^r- ',
'."*
i ■♦■
1 .- ; . » ■'* iif
■ ^-j-
Koo-pah > contrary to the usual helief , seems a little closer to KahwesikCCalJuilla) than to
■M
i.V*i
•iJflhuill*
V-
■^•■^«.
■,;■-*.»'
Luiaeno*
SflrrfillftT( Mohineim & iJBXiMSMJ
5li^
< , .i
"".J^
,^,
f
%■ f'
I
i *
Hi
.i '
< */.
M> r:«
?,:':,v:
t^^
since collectirely these trihes form a natural and com- pact group which differs widely from the Southern Piute or Ne^ooi^-ChemeweVe group. If any division is justi-
Piyiimkofl
AVfltfthmfl
others. But nothing should he done until a more care-
/
ful comparison of the vocabularies has been made.
**
(;
, --»: -•' ■ ^ ' I
\i^ n
I v..
r
|
p, , ^ . |
., ..., 4.*-'-' |
■. ■ • ' ■ .- ' T |
|
1-* |
,1 -' |
|
|
*■- |
||
|
/ |
. |
|
|
(■■'" |
"» |
" .-, '»y |
|
1 ■ ■* |
1 |
^^."^ |
|
V. |
- „...- ' \ |
X3TANAM^"IT3 (Commonly cslled "f^errano")
tK
t
V ■•'
V
• <-
:.v ''.
Ke ~ t ah ~na ~mo o >kum f Ke-tah-na-miyits )« Their namt for themselves •
Large tribe of western part of Mohave Desert (west of Cajon Pass), including at least the northern slopes of the Sierra Liebra and San Qebriel Kts. Closely related to
/
Mohineaa.
Called Ko-ko-em-kam by the T6hgva
K
'■■■*' _ , •, - ■ . •■,'■.,
Kah-re-am. Their name for tlieniselyes»
2f' ' •?
i >
^■>'
* v..
5al!tM MaivtlHg-am by the Mahlke.
of filissioh Creek and Elorongd Yalley. Called lior-ron^gd by the Kah-we-sik-tem^ /. ; '.v^^v^^^
■■.•■ ^■^•^^'' •:', - :>■■■/' <-<Hf.%^^-y . -^ ■ r
■ ■ - . ^ . . i' . * t I - ^ 1*1. T. ■ • ( v«St #* 'j^fil ■■-■ ^ ■ '
'■X. '. '' ■•^•■■: \. -. ■ ■■■■ ^ •■' .It .'•« v'-a;^ " " /.si*-'.
.; ' ■■-^ . • ■ ■ '■ ■ ■ ■, - ..•-'■ .■"^>^-^i»-'.- "tr%:^^^'
Mohineyam or Mo->he~ah"neum> Their name for themselves, used elso^^rMB^'^^
'•• *.■'«. .■ ^ . .--. A. ,:■,•■ ...-,.. .: '.■ ' ^- ; ,. • ■"■t ■. . , .' /*' , •;■.•■■ ■■--■ •■• .,... ,,, ,-.■.• '■.''■ -■..- , v^'.'mtU'-^ .■■*:'. J^'.'
■ by the ManlKe* :;>•.;■-:'.. ■^. :^.r.v...„*- .■■-'■ ■:■ . ^. ■ - - .■■- ...,-■^•t■^:v■■'■•'-% V Tribe in San Bernardino Mta* and Mohave Desert east ofp^^f^f
!.'»%»;■,
1 ■ ,'V /• , 1 "
"If 'J' '-^ •■>;/<
/'>.', •■ -■'. v«^
,'■'■''' ■*^^".
longitude of ^jon
•*' 'k
•'i^^
\y-<^^
.y '■^'
■i' »■ i3' »-■
'^. ■«: ''■l
This is thf tribe celled Beilem6 by Garces , and tanyume
■•.'<'■
•J"
'V!, r
-4^-
■'>!?«
by Kroeber.! It appears to be very closely, related to the
■■-. *■ .r
^
K'^r^..ij'..:rk'v
ookim,,^^^ ' t^^
vl3
to be ieam6| c^f both*
'ik
on
4f\
•C:
-jV,
» .'i-.».'C
•/4-('i:
west.
'v-
4 ,^/'<'i
■ .1=,'
Temnira
■i. /■ • , ■
.'<,.
'*jfei..'s.., ■?*■ '''• "f-^-^ *•
i' , .. 7
.*■■
A'"..
K ;v.
.«:<
!,•>'
I-*'": ...
?'.■.> &
■".r -■'.
Ko'os tan.
r oBne
.*'■:. J ;.'
''.'^^■■-■•^
.•w;
.'.■A
.v-^' i.
■\ I" -■ ■ <' - .y ... ■
■i.'
'4. .' vl-^.-f. ,'f'
.^'
?i»it. -;■ . I
', ■ ,* ■'
' ■ ' ' ' ,i*
,' >-f-
.^ -*.
' >
Sibf % W fliiii'dino Yallif inTSan Timot1»d Canyon.
■...■<:'■' .; -^'i^' . ^- -:ri.^"^' ^ "'a^ ;•'..>>' . . - • ' '■■• '-i^.^:'^:'^ ■''.,,'&:•', -d^'^il^'^^ " v ..? ' -,.,-v;'' .v? - ' ^
Iimudes EtuAaUt and lukipa>nd»;?-#^?-^ff:,^*.-:.:.;^..r,,:/ '
Yu-ki-pi-ai by Mahlke •:^ -:;:^-'^;lii& '^I^:^: : ■ ■': ^^'- - ^ ' • , . ' .
V
i^r:'/ '■'
> ^<s''., '.■.:« .*:'V^r'^^j«.i^i'.A''i^-«;SV>J^'..^r.;
■*»»':4.kdfc'!''?i ".';!*
♦ •.-''■l!.-.;'^.*. •
iir'-».-''"^ ■ »...., ■>':■* l7'T
'!■"«» '-1.-W'
^^t^^^TtjE-k*",--, • ■■,' , «"(., mi' ^^fr!y••.v■■ ^ *" . ^j'.i " '■ ;.! ■■■if
■i'rW. ■ ; «..'*; <
;m:!^.':? *^:
.».: .-■•■■' 1
igJUlv
kt^ u^£Zv:ku*.n '<^^^>^
v*-*;'
"'I*
a *
'.V
SERRANO imBSS OF SA!I
William Pablo, an intelli^nt
Banning, tells me of Ue
ing Ssmofit
-Morongp
7..
, -riiir--».i» "" ""
.»a«-<''
Al-^
fbJLl
w/
C^U.
OlVv «^
^^ . ,v^ ■— iii.<r>*M»-^»'''^ — — «**-»vifc.
"^fct^ui^^M********!^ •
i'i •-*■■.-■. ■■ -^ '-^K'" ■■•*>■ '
jLo^d»v*r»-
^ f'f">l/^
i*'':-
t
t44P^^i^,^i«iMNi^*'-''^4>>«
un;" ,>v>.
alms 'iBii^T* < Vve>v6->*t«^vt8. .
-'■i^A^*'*p%*'is'Si**<5«.<,;' >■••-■'■ ■/'• ■■•■■•■■*"'•/ ^ *,«ilC T
nvof ^.' ; ;;^- '^^-^^^^^^^^^^^^ Corral^t^^^
Pah-o^ve-am --fifft; q| J^t^m I^QvlSoxi'iil Ikwk^on edge
c Mai>rine"aBr;i;ea8t^of the M^-
•i ■'?';'■
•■'■.w-
k.
is^'^1^^-.^,
.•■,■•■;'* < -
vv
. v.-^.
fti. ,<.■'",,
,;#;:-
'"'■^
.;"j(;.:r^
X
&raybaok
'»-
'^*' ' /^^J^y-'""-'
S Ji^y mo9t the Chemeff Yd Piute at Old woman* a
ing,
■..'s : ■
X ''■'■'>
t .,j^"'.-
»/
Bernardino
^,; .;,■'':- 5^^?' i«5^^i;v J
*'if-;''>*-'
• .';"'*.*-,
■:'F*./;''v
.f.»V''
_ 6v- ^ -vvP^^^J^^ij^ includinfeiiho Arrow (on the
Badlands and
A 'ir*''
■..»■'■/-<
%v:- 1
-i Ji' •
iff**! > !
W*i,K-
■-■'*♦.■
'^^'■^;
Wah-ah-cham --^st of Yu-ki-pi-acfand reacHin^ lio pouth of |^^^^
X^t.
^v.:-!' .
■;»^,...i^Vlv.v:-!':,.
■< f ^,K-
■'•'•i?*;'i^;.
"■'*«li '.•*'.
•.:. .«.'■
'..V'
C^U-A/^-^^
'kMiM'- !<*.«'
•»i
SKRRANO TRIBES OP SAII
filliam l^ftblo, fui intelligent
Banning, tells me of He
>i
#■■'
•*'*i
Seyrano
%
■>■
•-— TT — .«^.- .„„^ — ..^j— ^'-*--»-
-Morongo Valley
J
t t«t-
(\^^
Wur. i^Si. Uo. C^^^
(JLJWv ^^
^. r-.— -T"""
/^ i^4^ ^^K'W^ ^-.A^^ >^^
Mohineam
v -p?i«
'\ %•■
I I II I II in • T"i mi II It.
I ^?^;.
r f ,^ -: -^^;;'^--^--^-f-^^^ Corral ^c^t .^^ ^^■
-t)ive-£m ^^ of iJEtstro toAgoiyal noc ^n edge of Mo
Mar-rin(c^^ %.^^t' of
.a -'<^.
'-♦^ -^^W/^*""
;» ' < . W'^''''- ^ '.';■
. ■'^'^'t'
*• i'
idiose territory they abut
■:,>■
• N-..
■(«:■
/X
|
1 ^ |
|
|
* ' |
|
|
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ion Creek to Grayback aieet tfee Chemeweve Piute at Old W(
B
Spring.
>*i'
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ri
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ietieehr north of San BemardincT
:-*V'
tV^«ioi*Vo.'w5
i^oiui^ng 1J» j^ftpow (on ih^
j - .
IWah-alr-cham -^ast
•>.«•■.: *:
i^>V^^(^^K^<a,^tf^^^^;^
>••
-im''^ Veaclung to mouth o|,,Sa3ata:.^^^^^^
Mna Canyon aM to a Big cave on San
Mouhtain, 'where they joined,^^^^Mgpngo.|||^^^^^
\^
v
SBREANO TRIBBS AND BANDS GIVBN BY KROBBBR AS MAINLY IN SAN BERNARDINO MTS.. INCLUDING SAN BERNARDINO VALLBY, AND SAN GORGONIO PASS,
TMHTAMS 09 nALIgfiRWlA, 1925,
'W
Achava! On a little lake east of Bear Lake (map pl,57)
. -. !•;;■ ■ - . .
• 'i^-- ,;■■;■ ■••
Agutnahvaft! Kitanemuk name for Kawalisn-Nuwuwa (p.618)»
\
Amahavit ! Ea?t of Mohave River»
of Garceg«3errano of MohaTO Desert (Kroeber)*
gnpacham: The Pipes (p.618).
Marin^a! Big Morongo Creek.
V
^aring^vaiii! Big Morongo Creek (p.616)
'■
Mali ngftY"" t fflghiyff\**^"r ^^^
; Mission Creek (p. 61 8)
Mark! (Mfllll): Near Banning* (617)
'■4.^
>im
Mnlmnpat ! Big Morongo farther north. (p.618)
MiJSl' Hathaway Carqron (p. 617]
i'
f:*
.■v..'
,^iA : "
■■W . '■ . '* -nfl'!..''. i j
Kfbeher references
Lyons Canyon (p*61d)
Pariikuvam: Akavat near Banning (p. 617)
The Pipes: Knpacham (p.618).
Tamiknvavam: Banning Water Canyon (p. 61 7)
: (?) Between Bl Casco and Beaumont (p. 617)
Tiirka! On little Morongo Creek (p.618).
Yapyiime i Mohineyan of Mohave River. Chemeweve?
WR»afih«Ht San Bernardino, fiedlands, and Yuoaipa glong
souttiern edge of San Bernardino Range. (p. 6X7)
Waknhiktam: Cahezon Creek (618).
fannpnpavam: Mouth of Whitewater Canyon (618)
Ynhaviatam or
or near Bear Valley, (p
of Yuhaviat ('^pine place *") in Valley, (p.618).
»■• • J
' \-
. »V . h ,*
fi - , ' I. ',
^' ^4 ■
■ # ' I,
AND MO-HE-Afi-KE-lM KAMES OF OTHER
;>
"S«.*1fri»al«*' —
\v
Oahuilla itihe at Palm Springs.
Ki'-yu-kah-yem yiaringam)
Mahl-ke of Banning iieservation. IVun-nah-pe-ap-pe-ah ^Jiaringam) Band and village of Ma}/-rah
8-9 miles east of 29 Palms, Saboba tribe at iiaboba
Pah-o-vaii CMarin
S6-vah-van-yo-yum ydaringam)
-' '>' u
Ke-tah-nah-mun (in Mo -he -ah'-ne -lu^ Su-wu-nah tahk-tabmr (in Ma-ring-a^J^
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KOOS-TAM
A Cahuilla tribe formerly occupying the broad San Bemari— ino plain from the lower slopes of the San Bernardino Mountains
southerly to Ri
Ide, and from Cucamonga easterly along San
Timote'o Canyon to the suoirit of San Gorgonio Pass (now Beau- mont). Their western boundary was a north and south line ex- tending from Cucamonga Peak to the Santa Ana River, passing close to what is now the Tillage of North Cucamonga. The present towns of San Bernardino, Colton, Riverside, and Red- lands, are in their territory, as sire also the Jarupa Mount-
ains and Yucaipe Valley.
3"» tK'.
Their last great chief, named Juan Antonio by the
Spaniards, lived at a village called
, at a place
now called £1 Casco, in San Timoteo Canyon. ''Following are the principal Kooa-tam rancher ia6( over ^ich Antonio's authority extended
Hol-bahp 2 1/2 miles northeast of Riverside, near Hi^
KOOS-TAM
between the present towns San Bernardino and
Colton. Sahihaht-pah. at present El Casco station, in San
Timoteo Canyon.
between Redlands and Redlands Junction, in present valley of same name, 4 or 5 miles southeast of Redlands (inhabitants called Yu-ki-pam). The Koos-tam were in contact with the following tribes: on the west,wgrth the Ton^-va (Gabrielino); on the northwest iP*Wi the Serrano Ketahnamwits (or Ke-tah-nahnnoo-kum) ; on the north wtttti the Serrano Hohineam; on the northeast i»*4ii the
Serrano W\^lKaoL•w^ ; on the east nidh the Cahuilla Wah-ne-ke-
(^-^
tarn (or Mahl-ke); on the southeast/irtai the^6boba; on the
south «a^ the
Luiseno) .- C4u^
Orove.
HQ«mQ-ah. 4 Or 5 miles southeast of Colton.
■A.
•«v -^.
4
L. f
'<k ■>
'>■>..''■■'
'if, '■ ■■ • AW "X ■
«
POW-V/E-M OR CiHUIlLA PROPER The Pow-\7e»y&gi or Calmilla proper occupy the west slope o.f
4;
.!.-'
WAHN-NE-KE-TAM OR MAHL-KE
A tribe closely related to the Cahuilla, whose territory
the soxithem part of San Jacinto Mountains, including Hemet Valley south of the Reservoir (the part north of the reservoir belonging to the Saboba) , the canyon of Bautiste Creek, Cahmilla. and Terwilliger Valleys CpaJ^ily covered by the present Cahuilla Indian Reservation), lorse Canyon, and the upper part of Coyote Canyon as far down as Willow Tree rancheria (Pow^wut) where their territory met that of the We-is-tem (Los CoyotesJ. On the west ' thev include Cahuilla Peak. Tule Vallev. Chihualiua Vallev. and
Aguangi
•V,
belong to the Luisena.
Cahuilla were in contact i >yahj'
■,*
■^M
-..,■ '.'>''
'■*'■
V^
■>■
f
■,r< ■/?■
.S
'iM^-'^"'.
and We-is-tem
.-•- . y
'1*
,. *• \
*-'V.
.-«r
on the south with
Ignaxsio and San Ysedro; and
•ttie We^is^tem of Coyote Valley,
■)«:.-■,.»
-v.'i^
V'
'.w*"
^^
!:>
'<
Kl «■ ■■■&
<■■►>-.- -.^ .-,",«"
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on the west with the Koo»pah and Luiseno^^ -
'• ■ ■ * •
1 ' •'
,.?..
/ct
'•'•S,
>*t^^
t'-v
s-.'
.< »..j»;
|r/!:
covered San G-orgonio Pass and the adjacent mountains on the
yv
north, and reached from the summit of San Gorgonio Pass (at
» . *
present town of Beaumont) easterly to Mission Creek, and thence southeasterly to a long white hill on the desert a few milea
east of Palm Springs Station
and
Maringam (Morango) ; on the south with the Kah»we»sik~tem and go^bfl-ba; on the west with the Koos^tam*
William Pablo, a member of the tribe, gives me the westerni
•(■•
'f
• ■ . ', » . ■.^'^
- "i ■'
boundary of the Mahl-ke as San Grorgonio River, north of Banning; tut tliis appears to "be the botmdary between the Mahl-ke rancheria and the next rancheria to the west, for the Cahuilla Chief leoiiicia Lugo tells me that the Wah*ne »ke «tam territory contimied
had a village
;'.V?
'i^Kh-
i -&■
tU
/
called B*S^-e.|6n the creeks and springs about 4 miles north af
m
-4;'
.«' .i^V', ■' T
i.
.}.
'1».
3^.
;|>^'
f* ^'r.',,}"' ». ■•■»'
'•v/;
abn'-ne-ke-tam crossed the valley to the southward, where ti^y
/>' ,|j;t(^.' -'"v •■ > "•■■1 «„ ,
'* 4f ■ ' ■ ■>,
t V.;,
.»'-'
'a. t
* k
1 v.. ■Jl'^ifc^'''"^.,. ''.,M^ i
■■;«:,
V
,:%
'k,.
k '% ■■'
i^
WAHN-NE-KE-TAM OR MAHL-KE
had another YJllage, called Tep-pah-chah. /in a small valley known as Potrero San Jacinto Nuevo, about 4 miles a little
south of east of Beaumont,^ ^'He said also that they occupied the south side of San Gorgonio Pass and adjacent northerly slopes of San Jacinto Mountain between what is now Cabezon R. R. Station (east of which the corresponding slopes belonged to the Kah-we-sik-tem) and the summit of San Gorgonio Pass. It appears therefore that the W^Viiw^Tcft-tam territory consisted of at least 3 rancheria areas: Mahl-kfi, S?~fi, and Tflp-pah- fthfth— of which Mfthl-ke was about as large as the 2 others together. It is possible that a fourth area covered the north
s
lope of San Jacinto Mountain and adjacent narrow strip of
desert from Cabezon R. R. Station easterly to Whitewater, for an intelligent Indian of the Kah-we-sik tribe gave me the Whitewater spur as the western limit of his tribe. ^ cvhi. —
**••■- ,-t.
r
••.■.,-. r ■ •■•^jt-^ ■ • . - ■ ., •
\r''''''^'^^iy<^$i^^^^ '':JlIIXU- ^IVlBiuii, ox ...UUP wcuJLu
- ■.3;^'?-.,-»i,brV -^
4 and thence
.'.•;-^'.-^ij*.
)f ing and tiience to just (close) and risht strai
.^:^>i4/'';':^^
CMno Canyon and thence following ridge^o1Blli*bf Chino Canyon (to a pile .ftl rocks), and shoots straight to PaMjprings statior
and
-i ♦^•
IW.,, i>>"
#fj'^^y^-»'^|.i^5i^
> -v .-V- »^/r .i'':.i Jw V '•
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TRIBE
■■It '»-.-l,>\'4-'
.•i*
•*-■?■■ . n-v • ■
^^^
* •
:*:
The Caliuilla include the bands at Torres. Martinez, Tuvah (Big
' , V
John* s) , Coyote Creek (gWil-vah) , and San Ignacio (Pat-cho-wal) in
'si,>:^ ••i**-!'
«-, «
."> ^■■
.*«' » the mountains .
^^'.. .
:'\-'X-
Told me by William Pablo of Banning, Calif. Oct. 11, 1910,
f.y '^'
'^..'
"\^'.'|V
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■ *>^?'-''.,'
->; ''-^^
i'^'v^r^^-"
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* ^mtmittimmm^t^^
-\»
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U . « (,•
*- • ' ■ 1 .J • , ■ ' ■
tiJi«^eHiik or Cahuilla subfamily
2
kahhTs-sik oh cahuilla subfamily
Tribea
^oharia^
Tribea
Koos-tam
iSa^f-ne-ke-tom
Kah-we-slk-tom
Pow-we-yam (Cflihuilla
proper)
flol-bah , Ho^ao'-ah Pool-yat Watoh-i8h
• • • • • XVI**K1 **pwl
Sabf-haht-pali
Mahl -ke
Tep-pah-c^ah
Se°^-a Hah-va-kik-teoi?
/ •
Pahn-yik-tem
Wah-ko-ohl''m-kut-tem 1 V
/ u
Pow-we ........ Sah-a
Pow-ke . Sap-rpul-pah
^ow^wut /Wa^ -ko -chi ^m-kut
Walm-oha-ah V or Ta-waht pah
V
Kwah»la-ke
sazot
Piny on in. at
/
Ah "-ob ah -ohan
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Kah-ranlsh (Ind. Wells)
Pal-t5-waht
/ lUlndio)
Pah-naht -sa*
TeinalHira->>i8h (La Mesa & Augustine)
Lah-wil-yan (Alamo Bonito)
So-kut Tiien-yil (Martinez)
Pal-se-ta (Old Oabezonj
Too-vah (Pi^ iree Johns -Agua Duloa)
Wahk-wah (foro)
Hav-ve (7 Palms)
V
..'•*
• ' i"
Sow'-wah-pahfkeek-t em
Y^a-vra-e ^s-tosi (or We-is'-tem)
rSow^ah-pah Ivie-wut -now-hu Wil'-yah Patoh'-6-wal Ho'-lah-kal
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'•J. A
CAHWBAH OP PAIM SPRINGS October 19, 1932.
In San Gorgonio Pass a few miles east of Banning I met an elderly kahweah Indian of the Kah*Wg-gik tribe, Lorenzo Che'no, originally of Se'^e (Palm Springs). He says
his language is the same as that of the
.ine-kil^
Morongo Beserration, the place name of idiich is Ifllll -If ft.* as I learnt many years ago. Stopping on tiie road, I got
from this man a remarkably fnll list of the mammals, bi reptiles, and insects of this region and find that in most oases the name's agree exactly with those obtained many years
ago at Palm Springs— a fine check, -.c^^vv^
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' "<«•
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t . * *
'♦• .
'H'.. ^■
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- 'J' -■■' <*, ~ „ >. ,,is.. ,* ,-.._•:. ''.-■^.- '-».♦ ••^- - . .. *■■. »:■••*■ -
t ' '■ r
,^w- 'VJ.
s
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yf
UBSUS MACH^HS Elliot 1903 [ Ursus amblyceps Baird 1859]
The type a^ecimen of Ur^ machetes 211ioty^(No, 19064 Field Museum of Natural Histw-y) is an old male from Casas Grandest
Chihuahua, and obTious^^is the same speoies a|r Baird 's Ursus
■/
amblyceps describe/ in 1861, It is very cicely matched \j an old
iological Survey
male from San Luis Mts., Son\ra, (No. 177
Collection) /although in the tjtoe spegCm^ the rostrum is slightly l>roader. /The teeth are badly woifeJout are essentially the same
/
L
lecimen the vault of the cranium
size in/ both skulls. In the
/ /
i? raj^her low and depresiS^.j^but not |uite so low and not quite so hori,«ontal as in the Safe Jfiis Mts. skullU Other characters of the
/ / / / \
ty^i^ specimen ari^: ajfttrfior nares small, nteals short, broad, and broadly romjdfied pos1[^iorly; palate somewhat "^cooped out between
the canines, conca#e\ between the posterior premMars, and flat be-
tween the hinde/molars\ postpalatal shelf lerge-^ong.
broad, and
flat. The lat4 upper molars a7> rather small, broadOTt in middle;
the
t t
\ '
heel ^obliquely truncate on outer side,
/♦ . ■-■■ ■ ■ ■-- .:- • .
■ '. , ;■ ■■. ■ ■ ■ •
and broadly \rounded post-
\
^,i*
•*:..
" .- V
■.*^
^ ■■'■ •; ' 'V .V.
^ >*■■
t
t
■!'•■ ■>!■ ■-'■.■■■■'J-
c^
•v^
' .:* L- *
ih-ohah-chem: Kah-«e>sik name for band at Indian Wells (Kah-Te-nish)
Mk.
Hah^re-kik-tMi: Kahite-iik nsne f^r band at 7 Palas (3 ailes east
'X>'.--1f'.. ■, '•.
of Palm Springs Station)!
■ i '
Kah-we-sik: Kahlke name for ^h-w-siJb-tej^, --the related ("C^
at FbIb Springs*
Kah-ie-sik-ten: Palm Springs tribe, fiane for theaselres*
a.
Ki-e-win-tun: Kah-«e-sik nana for Lniseno.
',>'
■<y-
Ki -yu-kflh-yem : Maringam nalie for Cahuilla tribe at Palm Springs*
t.4
Kooipah; Ko^-*pah: Kab^-ve-^sik name for Agua Calient* tribe » Warner
■9- ■:
Valley.
■■*-
■>■:■-
« ' "^ '*■ "^^
jik-teit: Kah-we»sik nan e for band fn Palm Cm yon.
-■(*
Fan-nck-sah-kik^tem: Kah-we-slk name for band at Indio and CabesQ|i«
."■'■I
t.'
.^f
^ti-
Pat-eho-val or Pa-cho-v?alt Mahlke nane for "Cahuilla" band at
w
1
San Ignacio^
^.
•4t
•^•
S5-veh-van-yo-yam: Marir^ani name for SaTiobd tribe at Saboba. Sow-wis-pah-keck-tem: Kah*we-8ik name for band at Santa Hose Mt*
' * t
■ r->^,..
■rX
■i <•-
■■%
K^
.-V-5
<f'r\'
V
V
•4;
■V
•. .•>:' ■'-■.
«-■• I'' *'N«',
■■' r;
Too^Tah: Mahl^ke nane fof
* ■ 1
'•Cahuilla" band at »Big Johns'.
.> , ' ■ "■-. ' •■ - • ■ . .■ ■ \ 1 - , ^
.»•-
■'•"1 . '
.1"
. % ... ^^
!<!•
'.. .. ':■'. /'^■'■•-'.■■' ,A^
\
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/■
N/
.. V-.
■■ V ■• y. ■■•■ ..■;'" Jl., 'i.. 'v. ^iW- A, .v.ici'-- *IJ «.y,v1. •■«?: .'-..-
:^':
l?*'!-
♦>.t
.»" ■'
*•
■V,.
,«« ■ .1, ->i
,e_ .',' j«^v
•x.
. .iLj>^ • .^--.l-jtiit
,/-• .>■?:■
>• ■'■*.,:'S
. t..t ["'■: ■Ai..:"j
KAH?flSIK GBOUP (Commonly called "Cahuilla")
w
Mahlke. Their name for themselves.
Tribe of eastern slope of San Gorgonio Pass, reaching easterly to Whitewater Eiver, north to San Gorgonio Mt. and south to the summit of the western arm of San Jacinto Mts. (south of San Gorgonio Pass). Most northerly of the so-called 'Cahuilla' tribes.
Called Wahn-ne-keCtum by the Kahwesiktem.
Called Wun-nah-pe-ap-po-ah by the Mareyam.
Kah- we-8 i k» t em . Their name for themselves.
* Desert tribe holding the lower (eastern) part of San Gorgonio Pass from the northwest point of San Jacinto Mt. (at the bend of Whitewater River) easterly to some miles beyond Palm Springs (SS^^-e). and south to the junction of Palm and Murray Canyons.
Galled Kah-we-sik by the Mahlke.
Pow«we-yam. Their name for themselves.
Tribe of Cahuilla Valley and adjacent slopes from Hemet . Reservoir south to include Chihuahua and Lost Valleys.
Pahn-yik-tem. Their name for themselves.
Tribe of middle part of Palm Canyon, including Murray and
West Canyons* Might be regarded a band of Kah-we-aik-tem rather than distinct tribe.
Wah-ko*chirf-kut~tem. Their name for themselves.
Tribe of upper part of Palm Canyon, reaching southerly and easterly over Haystack and Asbestos Kts. and Pinyon Plat to south side of Santa Kosa Mt.
We -is- t em « Their name for themselves.
Tribe in mountains east of Warner Valley from Coyote Creek south to include Thousand Palms Canyon, Collins Valley, and San Ysidro Mt. Eastern limit apparently Boregd Valley. Called Ula-Dyi-is^tem by the Cahuilla.
H
Kah-ve-nish. Their name for themselves.
Desert tribe at Indian Wells, ranging south to include the arid desert mountains known as Indio Mt. and Sheep Mt.; west to Deep Canyon; east to the Coachella Desert.
Called Ah-chah-chem by the Kah-we-sik-tem.
Kah-ve»ni3h may be regarded as a convenient name for the related bands at distant water holes on the Coachella and Colorado Desert Torth of Salton Sea. These bands from
north south are:
Kah-ve-nish or Ah-chah-chem
Pal-ta-waht
Temal-wa-hish
Yiahk-wah
So-kut-men-yil
La-wil-van Too-vah-yow-itch
-tem
... *^' '
r^
' X'.
■*l."
« .<
V '.
.^^•' '
.-,!«
OAHOiLLi OR KAE-IB-SIK SQBriMIXT
■ •/-.■.?■■■
!Qi0 Cahnlll| qor^ 1^ linguiBtic
iii^;.
•"if*.
jr cooqpriaas
'•V:
■X., ,-1' . .^ . »
a nunber WWrxbif ipaakix^ closoij rslatad dialeett.
■-.>?■
Um
'd
it»r
•."¥S4^
4--'
iri})Ba, m^9>% presdni Itnows to mft. aro:
•'/sr-
■¥..
1ih0
<?^:£r
CUamiA QB KAH-n-SIE
-m'^-^-
Tbi
<wJI
KX desert banda besides the Kah^ve- "^
Ssn Bemazdine Plain and San Timotea C«i|ob;
■f V. - y- '•-;*'■■ V>*^.'^^.-v*^ ■'/'^"^•"f ■•■7il;7'»'^': ^'.^''^^'^^S' ^
; >
1 - • '. <.
r
,y
' -'' ■'Ft" .f
'^:^-'^^^.<
tlie fsib*ie«JLe«lam (of HahlkeT^ Ssr GoxKonlo Pass and tlia
%'f-.''-^-^-'.
^\'..^A^-
,'»'*, '^ ■
^i-
••'"■•'■ , * ^ •"*- «,■•....** '■/v'i\(>?^'',.S«;' '■■.**■•'• ti^w'-''*
^^4^:^<tn» Kah*we<»8ilPlem of Palm Springs at the S base af Saa
■X"- »'^-
•we*yam of the 1 elope of Salt Jaoiitto MotBit&iBS sovl^
'ftff- .4.7."='
%t lat. 33 40* (ihloh passes throu;^
>t Banartal r^n;
''the fah-4ca»ehi*BHlnit»tem or Palm Qsisfon tribe, reac^iii^
» •■> .;
sootli 1b the Moimtains to the norths nt slopes of Iteta
4vfi|vit|'-"i^s^^^^^^ Hosa Mountain;
".<>.
ffli^ '^the So«^«a2H>eh^eek*t«m or Santa Bosa loontain tribe;
-::- l-lla^lSi' 1^ (or fe^is-tem) ■ ooowonly known as *Loa
i
/
/
/
iV
'♦■"/>'
Coyotes*, of the Hoimtains between lamer 7alle]f and
.■■. S ,-,
;;&»tt>:|-
Coyote Creek
H'::^
of these tribes has a nomber of
fiilA
ria»«
'¥:'■><,./''' ^'
'i*."
•we -Ol^ jMCtJ^ : ^ ^^"- ; ■' W ,.; :.^- r f :
the MMhahmohem at ]CahA>Te*ni8h (Indian Wells) ;
the Pal^iiawirahi (or Palwnaht^sa?) at India
the Qah*>Te*kik«>tem at Seven Palma
the tlo6t^Ta2i>3^ow*itch»tdm at Too'-vafi _
.€^-
/
%Dla Dti]tce) ;
^ (a«Hi!lli»Tan or SotoI at Alamo Bonita^
-?ft^
-wa^^sh at La Vesa («At^gastine)|
/
the So-kit Ilen-j^il at Uartines;
.4'
the Pal^eta at Cahezon;
^. tihe fahk*irah at Tbro.
. !
/ i
i
I *
I t \
:m
t'^-^f/^^^:
.-s.-
|
;^ . C^vj.at^' .^,. ^ |
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
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|
|
: ^^--i^v..-;-. - ,: ' |
|
|
.: .'^ '^ • |
• |
:>*v/»^f'-j^-;i':>/#'^^
CAHUILLA
The Cabuilla (Kah^we-ah) occupy the northern part of the Colorado Desert and adjacent parts of the San Jacinto Mts., and also the lower part of San Gorgonio Pass--the great pass leading from the desert to ^^, ,^the, in^^ of Southern California between the San Bernardino Mts. o^the North and the San Jacinto Mts. oil the South.
Their territory extends northerly and westerly from the shores of Salton Sea, beginning on the south at the mouth of San Felipe Canyon on the west side of the great lake, and in the Chuckawalla foothills
k>i
opposite, on the east side, embracing the northern three*fourths of
the lake and continuing into and up San Gorgonio Pass tw^.^ww* ^^^ vw«*x of Banning!?) about 6 miles east of summit. It includes also the Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mts. and Cahuilla Valley.
The Cahuilla are surrounded by other tribes, several of them un-
«
friendly. On the north they abut against the Morongo Servano [Maring- amj; on the east the Chemeweve; on the south and southwest the)tDieg- uen^: on the west the Ko»pah and^ffinsenoX
Lingiaistically they are a very compact body, there being only 2
..■>*,
\ .Sl*.
.«■■{■■:"
^'\ri»^
dialects, and these differing only slightly from one another.
ff' .J.-
One
«'- '■'■
U^
of these ranges from Palm Canyon nort
^^«iy to
, ,1 ... ^iv
Banni ng f the* '5 the r , if
^;:-i^"'
»:^i'"-'«'<..
native infomants at Palm Springs are correct, embraces all. Uie re-
mairider.
^^■*-i''f-^
'r^<
"■^^ t
^•
'■-'■'M.
:.v.. ^. ■ *
'<*fc.::
.ingui
l?^i"%/:,%5iri^^.'A' -^
.%;..
subtribes or bands, each of which has a definite name and definite ter- ritorial limits, within which the game and fruit and seeds and roots are their absolute property and must not be trespassed upon by other.
bands.
.-■■'''^■'^f
Thus the Wah-ne-ke-tcpn [who call themselves Mahl-ke] of San Gor- gonio Pass hold the Pass from Banning easterly to Whitewater Creek, reaching on the southeast to the point of San Jacinto Mt. which juts out near Whitewater Station. To the north they reach to the Morongo Serrano [Maringaml on Mission Creek.
Adjoining the Wah-ne-ke-tem iMahl-keJ on the southeast are the Kah-wis-se-tem or Palm Springs^(Agua Caliente No. 2) *«fe©, which be-
gins at the point of the mountain near Whitewater Station and reaches easterly to a huge elongate sand dune (over a rocky base) called Yah-
J* *■■■-'. ■ * 'fS'
a\:..-M
- ■cwah-kis: and thence southerly to the mouth of Palm Canyon; across this ;, x-b t1he west Mid tip" of San Andreas Canyon to Eagle Cliff
^i%at tjae. suinmit: Jiiejacp northerly around the head of Taliquitz Canyon and :,;^^ San Jacinto Peak and down the ridge to the place of beginning near White-
IJ -if'ii;!-^' Mjoining the Kah^wis-se-tem on the south are the Pahn-vik-tem or
•i'ty'-'-'X .'
^•''^- ■ •'_.'rv^:¥^s^
'■■•to
Palm Canyon people.-*!?.- Their territory embraces Palm Canyon and the ad-
.•■:.4;-ll'. .■*/,;''•, -'-/.-S'TiV ;:-i<."'*'.^*^i«.''';>^ ■ .
<<: ■•'•A/,^ *^i3(*r4'^ ■■i.\.^-i^^J« '*■• "v
••^vl£'>
,'f-'' ■'■.
^>; labent mountain slopes on the west from the north side of Andreas Can-
A" *
i^ • yon south to West Fork Canyon.
■Si* r
*
l^^^^Ojt^ifetAdjoini
oining the Pahn-vik-tem on the south were' the Wah-ko-chi*m-kut.
now extinct, who extended southerly over the- upper reaches of Palm
»-;V'
Canyon and adjacent slopes on both sides from ffest Pork Canyon to and
"^P
They spoke the same dialect as the Santa Rosa Mt. people.
.r,'-*v
V
•'.k'
'4 ,
/M" ..i-*:'/!': ^'^'*
•I »^ •'
■^f'
i^s
^.
4' ■<
V 7^ • >
s
peaking 8ajr,e language, (^t I- ^^^^iM^KifyiC: ^Jp:^^: '€■■'' ■■'^'^- "^
Those of Palm Springs and Banning speak a sXi
slightly different :^1«%:, •^:
language •
The Cahuilla used to bum their dead, at leasL ip tlfie moimtair^ In certain ceremonies m which Eagles or
parently the chief figure of the ceremony) , after the birds were killed
v.'s.je;';
|i^«r-»4p*v
the bodies were buried in the cemetery with th6 people* or if the ,.:!:#
,4^
•Si..
■■^i^v
'■il*,/"* :*'';^:f .
5l^«;>*.-.,/S*
people were burned, the body of the Eagle or Condor was burned also.
:e^l-.^,
These two birds were deities • They were caufoit as nestlinprs
and reared till grown*
■.,'».
's ;^ ■■■V"
l^i-
■;."-,j
••.>.^.''A.^MI|j»'-.
->■
■N ■» (*
Adjoining the Wah-ko-chi*m-kut on the east were the Kah-vi-nish
cfr Indian Wells tribe.
The Cahuilla of Santa Rosa Mt. are the same as those of Indian Wells, Cabazon and Indio, Toro, Cahuilla Valley, and Los Coyotes--all
^^#.
'''lis .■ ■ . f
:ir-" ' 't^if^ •■4^'■'^v^^^■
■ '■,*..■■■,, •
... ..:.;v.>><.
v.^ 'fs^i ..'7 ■
..'■J.'i'. ' ' * ' »». ' ,.■-■•■•' ■■ : ■ ;»\. .*■ '^ • ■■■'~ . .. ,■■'.,
':''-l ^•V:u^ ■..'■•*; Ji»J*.'
sir* :•«■' r<.
:<•■
■■ V '. !'■■ .
'/^^■:. ''^i
r s;*-!*,
..,1*^
■jt
r«.
►V ' Iff '■■' »' .
' »
I
CAHUILU OR KAH-WE-SIK SUBFAMILY
. ?;.'
"■'S '•
The Cahuilla or Kah-we-sik linguistic subfamily compriseB
" *> .■
- . . . » ...... -^
a num"ber of tribes speaking closely related dialects. The
. .> '
tribes as at present known to me, are:
'*i:'
., % ,. y.^
-*■•
f
:' Ihe Koo s tam of San Bernardino Plains and San Timoteo Canyon;
•i. •«»-
c
%
V..;
!*>
...!h
the ' Wah-ne -ke >tam or Mahlke of San Gorgonio Pass and the
■* u"
Iftountain slopes on the north;
.4-
v.f '
•^.
■'■^x
if
-.>'
f -
..M
♦ t» >•
:-•!
<%^
'.V
Tj.
^ -i. „ ,■ fvf-' "-^•■
■>;■
<, •*'•
^c
*#•
.. ... .. .#.' ... .1
• :■,'■ ^<' .. .
•Jacinto peak;
•rings
-U. . • V.,' ■y.^.
'.'*,*•'
W^f f..
.'■1'.
'1/
..'•'
t.; ^ V vl - -■
•*■-
' ■■' '■'*»*■,■'. . "^i?
V ■> 7*. jfci, ,'♦
■>■■■.'"''• * •■'■■.*'■.••.; 4
,^,;^
Tne Pow4we-yam of the W slope of San Jacinto Mountaina,ji9B:
V.
•V " - *:
■J -
''^'■W.-i - ''
'^..
of lat. 33^" 40'
)Ugll
4:M'.
•'*-«'i.-[i «■
.1. i'^
> « ,,-.
^.■■'Hi.i:,
* - :■
^'■■.iM^^'
'*'?^''i
.•^■-
;-ko-chi*m-kut»tein or Palm , — — -^-. -t^ ..v^ . .
... .-.'f
•'**-
.■V
X".
t1?->'. *4« iM'v
northe
.V»'-.
-tl>
.... . ■ . * V ' .
Hosa Mountain;
•♦■
?^.f-.
slopes of Santa'lilig.
f ■; .- ■ .»*".., ■• . - ■ •■•\r:-, "•••■, '■■■.■.'; '^■'^■ .;»,.■•■
:vr; ,-. ■ .■^",, - . 'I.
V'.ii 4-
TT.
...•>(
■^V
':/-^'
i^.
1^, 'I'
"^•^® Sow-wah-pah>keek»tem or Santa Rosa Mountain tribe j^
.'t; :*
A. '
'?•-.., u.
5>'
'.,:'^-
«.»?.
V4-,
this Wa- wa- e * s >tem (or We >i s - tem) c ommonly known as *Los
'■^■':
. l.'.'J'i.X' '■'
,»'.«-,
.. * «. V.
.'J
Coyotes*, of. the Mountains betvreen Warner Valley and
■•;.
■■l-*'*
llfijX
•4.
V,. «!?■-
'■■■ Sfi-"^^ ■'.'
*;
y -,v
■ ,■•■ 'iti.T-'.v-
"Ti-;.
1%
•■•'";■■
/' •
CAHUILLA
\f'r
■^J
Kah«
■%
I
• " •»
the Pal-ta-waht (or Pah-naht-sa?) at Indio;
the Hah-ve-kik-tek at Seven Palms
■* '.
tlie foo'-vah-yowlitch-tem at TooWah (Fig-tree Johns ©r
•V* .'
Jtoa Dulce)
J-
■-^^
The La-wil-van or
Se-vel at Alamo Bonita* ^
i
\ **■*
^^,.
jr:
^^t-'
'•^
>
s ■
\
the Temal-wa-hish at La Mesa ^C-- Augustine;
...J.
'i'
J
''^>
t£e' So-kut Men-jil at Martinez
^jf
k;*-; 'ii-
<( •'•.
^li',
•■."■^
the Pal seta at Cahezon
i- ' .^ ■
' ♦.'. ■■»
the Wahk-wah 'at
■tty
^
>•
V-^ . . *
'i'»
i« : ■•» • ?'K'
'•* :'■.,»'
Af^Y-K"'^
..■^»:
!»■♦.:
;-i.
'■»•''
'(■^ i.i
"i" 'X'.
ft-. <■
'. r f ■
••".'-J'
•vV^
(♦..
'(,.,-ir
S*: m
'^\ '
|
if |
||
|
r ■■ -IS** ;-■ |
||
|
\ |
||
|
i: \M ■ |
"■J: |
•w':"^^*
-/
:if-
f^.-»V' ''%,*>-' "^^i^'":^-- ---I .
' -V
■""^Z
CAHUILLA
^■.. .:.'•■■ ■,' "'p' J. r^>V''W- *ij'.ii3>^'Ar■^.^ 'tJ*^^V^''^'' -^"ivsv^j'^^^ •
■ -v
TRIBES
' ,■ Hb'*)' A -'■"' "■■■
!<
.BANCUSRIAS
w;-;.
w. ';■•.
">s
Uo-mo'-ah
1* ''•*]J*i'
Pool-yftt ,
..,-^\',
Ytt-ki-pi Sah-h^t-pah
\
\
•t-'f-'-.'^;*-'
Iwatoh-ish
(Ind. Wells)
. «ftf-:
*Pah-nah
waht 1 , V ^ . ^, L gndio)
t-sai j
'Temal^iw-hish (la Meaa^-Augastine)
>'■• '■. "t/.v--'*.. . ■••, . '■v.,' ■ ■ ■' V ■ J» • . ■ •
j't
, , ''^ ' ^^;v^,«»:#^^^ (Alino Bonita) ""^ ■ ^^-"tiMi^^l^^^' . ' Sq -iiat Mtn-yi 1 (Ma rt in© a )
V
Witf-NE-KE-TEM
i-v' ;, .tJ'
:«-
*;?-■
'-•■^■^^•;/ ^;■^^;
?«..'./■ .-ff
.!*. 4
■^•»'
|
>.-'.v- |
r ^ |
' , ■■ |
|
.v^-,. |
' ,'*•', |
|
|
'. •■''^' |
Tep-pah-ohah
Hah*Te*kik-tem
i>7ik-teB
POW«WB-YAir (j^tti;^. J^^^
Sah'-y Sap-pal-pah
•'^'
Wah-ko-chm-kut
7
WAH^KO-CHIU-KUT-TEM »**^
:;.li'"'*C--»^
fi^^g^lS^.,
.^ V
^lahn-cha'-ah or Ta-vaht-pah\ May or may
not be same- Pinyon flat
-WlH-PiH-Ktt-TBM
•fv-
il-WA-!&-TBM (or WE-IS-TEM)
Kvah-lS-ka
Sow-vah-pah la-wut'-now-hu
«
'Wil-yah
|)8tch-d««al
Ho'-lah-kal
...*..... > . *— -8e-ti (Old Qabazon) . .
^^ttesf "^fop-vaK (Pig trae John's -Agua Dulca)
■'^ilu
>■?' ■l"*'
lit >Jt"Jl»"
' "." lit ' «»_ -J i» '> 'r
» i
•J
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JDDWAiOD ASAHELXbIEGE: Troy, N. T. , Sept. 7, 1851. A. B. Willi
y
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1373, A. M. 1876, Ph.D. Haxyard, 1878; ^\^' (Hon.) Rensselaer, 1924; Sc (Hon.) PittslTurgh, 1897; LL.Pv Will^ilmis 1903, Wisconsin 1905, Missouri l| instructor natural history, UialV^sity of Wisconsin, 1875-1879, professo| toology 1879-1911, dean l«i91-1919,\pting president 1900-1903, president
/-
./"
1918-1925, president, emeritus since 192C; Director, Wisconsin aeological Natural History Survey 1897-1919; Presidenlv^ Commissioners 1919-1925; at
\
present actively occupied in prosecuting the natural history invest igat of this survey. Member of the American Philosophical Society.
-.^-'^-
Cl a.ku\.lV(t
April 26, 193H.
Sa»w«-ah or S^nlyahaBVandeve nte
anta Hosa Valle^i^
SQf>Wig-Pflb Ifik-tgi: The trib
enter FJatT
Original Ho|m-, l?ook House Valley at baseTForree (Toro) Peak >orth of Borrego ?allej).
£Qj»2|ft.t-Terwl
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! The people o^ ?<>w^>W<,.
The ridge just east ofj(Anza is the Xoundary Detween the CahuilU 2&4sall of Santa Rosa TSlley (also called Seu^yah or Vandeventer Flat) and the/?Qw»we*qm of '>te Terwilliifjor Valley.
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Map. r>. Mountain faliuilla TtMritory.
W. D. Strong. —Aboriginal Society So. Calif. 1929,
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Map 2. Dosort Cahuilla Territory.
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KAHWESIK
Eahlke. Their name for themselyes.
Tribe of eastern slope of San Gorgonio Pass, reaching easterly to Whitewater Rirer, north to San Gorgonio Mt, and south to the summit of the western ana of San Jacinto Mta.
«
(south of*3an Gorgonio pass). Most northerly of the so-called
'Cahuilla* trihes. •"
Called Wahn-ne-ke-tum hy the Kahweaiktein. Called Yftin-nah-pe-a p-po-ah by the Hareyam.
Kah-we-sik^tem. Their name for themselves.
Desert tribe holding the lower (eastern) part of San Gorgonio Pass from the northwest point of San Jacinto ^t. (at the bend of Whitewater River) easterly to some miles
-e), and south to the junction oi^
ii.
bisyond Palm Springs Palm ind Murray Canyons. > •- Callad Kah-we-sik by the Mahlke.
Pow-we~yam. Their name for themselves.
^ Tribe of Cahuilla Valley, and adjscent slopes from Hemet
' 4- ■ •. . , • ■ ■ : ■. .
Beservoir south to include Chihuahua and Lost Valleys.
* :
Pahn-vik-tem. Their name for themselves. - ^
Tribe of middle part of Palm Canyon, including Murray and West Canyons; I8i^t be regarded a band of Kah-we-sik-tem rather than distinct tribe..
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Wah-ko-chin-lnit-tem. Their name for themselves.
Tribe of upper part of Palm Canyon, reaching southerly and easterly over Haystack and Asbestos i:ts and Pinyon Plat to south side of Santa Bosa Kt.
We~is-tem. Their name for themselves.
Tribe in mountains east of Wainer Valley from Coyote Greek south to include Thousand Palms Canyon, Collins Valley, and San Ysidro Mt. Eastern limit apparently Borego Valley. Called Wa»wi»i8«tem by the Cahuilla.
Kah»ve'-»nish. Their name for themselves.
Desert
at Indian V<ells, ranging south to include the arid desert mountains known as Indio Mt. and Sheep Mt.; west to Deep Canyon; east to the Coachella Desert.
Called Ah~chah-chem by the Kah-we-sik-tem.
Kab-ve«nish may be regarded as a convenient name for the related bends at distant water holes on the Coachella and Colorado Desert horth of Sal ton Sea. These bands from
north south are:
Kah-ve-nish or Ah-chah-chem
Pal-ta-waht
Temal-wa-hish
V^ahk-wah
So-kut-men-yil
La-wil-van
Too-vah-yow-itch-tem
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Oahuilla Kah-we-sik-tem (Palm Springs) TVftiv Rames ^i Other Indian Tribes:
•...5
j/.Palia Springs tribe (in their
own language)
Kah'-we-sik'^tom, tj.e tribe. (Same as i -a -kit hit Ban
V3k) J
lit.)
•t
1/
Cahu ilia b ani at jsanning
ttalin-ne-ke'-tum_lCall themselves Mahl'-ke)
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near
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aah-ko-chlin-kut-tem (extinct)
/
at 7 Palms (3 miles Hah-Te-kik-tem
east of Paim"S[prings "' ' ion)
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at
a Hosa Mt
•^ Sow-wi s-pah -keek -tern
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^ oyote Valley _t r i be (at Los Coyotes] Wa-wa-e ^s-tum; Wa-wi -is - 1 em
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■ ^ ^ua Caliente. iWarner Ygtlley
liiiOiitii III ■«»! i» ■■»■ I I » I « i'ir»iiii«lni I nil » . 1 iijwi III! M I ■ l|il» I I' « I i» im^iii I nwHIyiM*— »«^)|t».. ai ii li i — »*.^P.-.
Biyi ill 1 ii)i»<ii|i »p|iyii'»«^^iii<>iiii 1 jw ii^i»t>iii«p«i**#>fHIM»fijw>» ti<fnnMiii|ii I ■■i>«<i»»>«i>>ii>A|||i)».«»twei<.ii ■ .liii^ii
s
. ■* ■■■■ill Ml initial ■
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■' >''
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■ y>i *■-•■ ^ ' ' ,,.,■, .'-. ■■ .' • . ij '■>■■'•., , :
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i|Si>iiii iiiii-
• t . .. ; , ;
aahuilla*.Kah-wd-sik-tem Names of other tribes
V,
^ Saboba
</ Serrano tribe in idorongo Yal (Maringam)
Mohave
luna
Dieguano of San Jj'elipe Uamyon
»„ ...^■■■^^.^
jM^ai»— i^**' ■■ "111-"
lu-yah-wep-pah (talk same language as Pachanga V^uiseno)
./
Mor-ron-go
./
yum
i-es-kah-tum; i-ah-pah
^.■^ibM» IIW I II ■< i»i'
I -el -moo -kah-t em;
— pi; for tribe;
Csingular)
i -yil -mo -kah-t urn l-el-moo-kah '
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Any tribe east T^^Mis-soo.. |
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(Basternersi^ |
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KIH-WB-SIK OH OAHU
C-
<:.
Tribes
i'x 1
r (
■.P^ .'A
^y
V /
'C
^ Koos-tam
W^'
i^
Wah-ne-ke'-tem
■*;
V,
. V ■,■.".•■••..>•
■>■/
Mk X O ;.'• :..•.■ 'y- .' ^. ■'«*»' i*t". "V^v-' *.., '^ •\V"w'V'- '■.- '',••11 '••'••' ■:.':v ■'-■;.».:;«.»«/(«• ■ ■■ ./ -r
Hah-ve-kik-tem?
.^...•:;-;j:'v:-;',;Kfv. f FOW-We .*••••••• bah-e
*^.^:»t-^^
^ P^^^aA (Cahuilil'i^PQW-ke>^>^4^''^^^^
''■ir.
Sap^pul -pah
u
Wall -fcPclii ' m-kut -t eo^
Wah -ko -ohi * m-kut
iVa!!b-Oiid-air or
pah
May or may not be same — Piny on Hat
\*^:'-%,
Sow-iah-pah
fe-wut-now-htt
v^U^j^ CA^y^M^^!\^
'"'Ho^ah-kal
*^o^
JiAc^ etc 0
%'
^t/t'-^'-f or l6-ij3-te(Bi] #%-^.:'
\
, 1i..-
V.'':'f-^>:''4^''^«''-'
7;^- is tit-
Kah-we-sik or CahuiUa
f > '■>'■■
'.4.
yehish (Ind, Well^yvj
• VY/- ^1
i:
J . .- > .
-taHffaht i'*^ '- -'h, ^i^fe.'x-^'- ■>.■■;■ '.^y: . ...•,,■■■"'■•■; ••';^\
■+*i,''' 'lie
.■ ,;-■, r..,v.
l( (Indl(ip
? '^ Pah^naht -saH'^' '-v ^-^"^'^P^^'- • ^^^^^^^
■■.■/■t- . . •■ i ■-M'-„i ,it .-■ r i- ■ ,' . .■" ■ ■» ,•-!',,*»{•• -j.M/.T>;.i . •- t. ■■ . ; •• ■ . ," . » .. ' '■ '••■ k ". ..its'".
%'■''■.
■^ii,*^-!^:,
■J » ' h**!*
■|»>,.«e;;^t#c|e^^ -W§^-}iishiIa ,i§#§^ J August ine)| _ , ^
Bl l^if rS«'^5^#lah-wil -van /llama Boni t o 1 'v' '^ ■ ' : • ':' 'i^ v" f ;:t#
•T* ,
•NO,
■^i*^
i. .'f., ,»/" A*»^' i,>
-' ^ .?«Vn,4,'-'->''.5- '■*!'■' ••■■•■-■ ■.'•■■'••
Pal-se-ta, [Ql^ Gabezoxil p .,.-,...„.,.
Too-vah (I'lg :4;ree Johns =Agua Dulce) >;#^ Wahk-wah (Toro
:a=»
''^i4/
<V<,H\i:„
^'^^^■4
t;^. V
'^'^'•^. ■
iSiA^
WA-WA-E*S-Tm OR ISE-IS-TEM (Lob Coyotes)
A tribe of the Kaliwesik subfamily whose territory extended from San Ysidro, in the mountains east of Warner Valley, easterly over San Ysidro Mountain and northeasterly over rugged arid mountains to the canyon of Goyote Creek, where they pushed north to or nearly to the boundary line between Riverside and San Diego Counties. Just above this point on Coyote Creek was Pȴ^wut (or Willow Tree) Rancheria--the lowermost village of the Cahuilla.
The We»is*temj called Los Coyotes by the Spaniards, had three principal rancherias: Wil-ve-ah (or Wil-yah) on Coyote Creek in Coyote ?alley; Patch- ow -we 1 in the mountains at San Ignacio; and Ho-lah~kal at San ^sidra in a canyon of the same name in the mountains east of the southern' part of Warner Valley, The inhabitants of these villages were called respectively Wil.- vah"tem. Patch- ow-we 1 - lem. and Ho^-lah-kal-lem.
C T^oX !>--- 1^ ei^ u^^,^,^ \_^, ^ .ti, ,,,,,1^^^ , ^^^ _
^
>T&U OH 1E-IS»TEU
sVocVc
(Lo8 Coyotes)
Kafawesik
from San Ysidro, in the mountains east of Warner Valley, easterly
• - - - *
oTer San Ysidro Mountain and nortJbeasterly over rugged arid mountains to the canyon of Coyote Creek, where they pushed north
to or nearly to the boundary line between Riferside and San Dieg< Counties. Just above this point on Coyote Creek was yw^swat (or
Tl^e) Banchoria<
The fe^isUem. called Los Coyotes by the Spaniards, had
three principal rancher Creek in Coyote Valley;
.1.
<; % i-
■K - >
'■^,
Iq tllb mountains at San
ig^io ; and Ho^lah^kal at Ran Isidro in a canyon of the sam^
■^ '
• m
,';.i*.'J
name in the aountains east of the souths ni part
, > * ■ -
The inhabitants of these fillaeoi were oal lad
■• .-'<
■y^.:^j:
Sib^Saii ffttch^ow-wel^lemr and
.'f .■■'
A>\.
1 1 1
', .■•'
■ V
•i" *■
.^v
■;4»^^-
',»ir
. ,-r ■'
•v( • • •.
•**.•.'•
..^^'
'^-'1..
'H
/.'
ft;
-'T.
,'■•1 . .'■ '^r ■'.'■■''^.•kW '"'li.^'. •■ ■
'.. • 'r v/, ..• ' • ./••J'- •* .^. . , -. •. ;-^;'^"<t,r. ' ■<!; ', 'A' -,, ''^ <';,.*"•■•■ •:■;<•
■''.(. it . J /•,■■•; . .' „ V
'^.
ft
' • •• t
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>• ^tf:?'
^.t''
t fj^t
•I'
V '-.>,^^\,.:'M-
':j^'^
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'*#'
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.y'
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/
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Vk
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», »«•*
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«
>*-
V,'
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''•<y X.
"'^''j,
ios coyotes icoyotes^jiljlil 6 (Heintzeinen
.•»%.;
.*■■ :'.fK •-
■W-- .■(»;
^v.^„'-^ji;ik;»*
■«l. 't-
.'*'■
M^
;;s:-'^
vl;
W«-ii6-e*a-tiai, We-i^-tem). . .Band rela
J*
to Cehullla inhabiting Coyote Valley and the Mountains thence southerly lo ^an Tsidro
-?'#'
:{*
■■-'fc '
ft-i'
,vv- .^ ■■U
Mountain and southwesterly to San Isidro rHo^>lah~kal) a little east of Waroer Valley. Comprises 3 principal ▼illages: ?fU-y?]h in Coyote Canyon; Patch-o»wal at Son Ignacio, a
at San Ysidro. Called wfi-wa-e's-tun
^
by the Cahuilla.— tA^^^ Celled Httla^PR? ^J Luisetio (Kroeber). Also name of an Indian
Beservation comprising '♦the Agua Caliente settlement of San Isidro or »dlKkal, and the Diegueno settlement of San Ignacio" (HRndbcok).
Sk' \^yf..-^
''^:'V^^^^P/.''^^y-^^'
CAHUILLA TRIBES
About twenty miles south of Palm Springs— the home of the Kah^-we-sik-tem Cahuilla— is the present home of their relatives, the Sow-wis-pah kik-tem of Vendeventer Flat, Santa Rosa Mountains. The Sow-wis-pahk came originally from Rock House Canyon on the south slope of Toro lor Torres) Mt.
Adjoining the Sow-wis-pahk on the west are the Pow-we-am Cahuilla of Pow-ke or Terwilliger Valley.
The dividing line between the Sow -wis -pah kik-tem •
of Vandeventer Flat and the Pow-we-vam'of Terwilliger
Valley follows a long ridge running from northwest to southeast and culml'ntaing on the north in Thomas Mt.
(alt. nearly 7000 ft.). The small settlement of Anza on this ridge is close to the boundary between the two tribes. °
TRIM
Palm Spring, known to Indians as ^^^, ia on
the
northwest edge of the Colorado Desert at the east base of Sai. Jacinto Mountain.. It has long been the home and headquarters of the K^>i-iifQ^aik-tem Cahuilla tribe.
A few miles south of Palm Spring is the mouth of Palm
Canyon, Along its course
were at least two other Cahuilla
bands-the P>.b/-vik.tem and jYfb^kf^hj ^m^kut-t^m; and still
farther south, m
in Vande venter Flat and Horse Canyon of the ,San-
ta Rosa Mountains, is another band of the same stock-the ^-
i a-oah-kik-t
Adjoining these on the west, centering in
Terwilliger Valley, were the Cahuilla Pgw^we^aa.
Still farther south, from Coyote Creek Valley westerly and southwesterly to San Ysidro Mountain, was yet another
This is the
Cahuilla tribe— the Hft^«l9-HaX or
southernmost of the nunerous Shoshonean tribes of Califomir,
Immediately south are the KaSrlSgd., of Yuman .stock.
Maht-ke ^ji^,
Kah'-we-sik
Wil'-yah
foo-vah
■ir- .y.
iJy.
1 '"""
Sorthe^t of J3ann i ngt ^^ if^m i ' nam e-fir
■"*,
A,'^
•■^ -:v',i.s.i.:^.,. -wi
i^W.^^:^
tlm'MAr. : i-tf-
>^,-.. k
Helated Oahuilla tribe at BfltLm Oahuilla band on ao7Gt%v«rt«E*«
Oahuilla band at
, 'W'-' ~ *t
Pat-ch6-wal (or Pa-chd-wal) Caliuilla band at i>an Ignacio.
! .
'.>■
H
* 4^
<^J/^lCUi.|$t^ fiPivJ^
Coy-t.'^^
c^a-V^Ji-x^vvK'vA.-*^^^^^ l-f*-<^l
i
gjipahonian
Cp^uilla
tended from a little west of San Bernardino, and from Riverside, easterly to Beaumont at the summit of San finrm.r>ift Pasfl. where they met the Mi^ ^^^^ laiikifir
l^p-tam)." West of thi cduntry they met the
r^ongyl.]. and on the
south their territory abutted a^inst that of the I^iiseno.
an epidemic of smallpo
Tribe same as
;,;-«^.;
/
•i4.'il
(called
and M
A'-
r^ ':
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>- i
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%'
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^. -,.*
,V.
i .■ '''>*.>
** ■' S
^ r. V.
1 ■■ ■» ,
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n ■ ■•,
-^
.'• i
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_ .. '■^.■'V..,»r .>r^''i,«
J,.; ' f ■ V ^-
T-e.y>w^vHv
VoJOUiL
■»' C_<^vv»«^i'V LLOv
?OVA>-~VAr^- XVs.
^ ^ Tow
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f 1
17. "The theory of electric and magnetic susceptibilities/* Approx. 375
pp. Oxford University Press, 193 1.
18. Theory of variations in paramagnetic anisotropy of salts of the iron
group. Phys, Rev,, 41 : 208, 1932.
19. Theory of magnetic quenching of iodine fluorescence and of A doubling
in 'IIo states. Phys. ReiK, 40: 544, 1932.
20. Quantum defect of non-penetrating orbits, with special application to
AIII. (With N. G. Whitelaw.) Phys. Rev., ^: ssh 19ZZ'
21. Structure of CH4 and related molecules. I. /. Chem. Phys., i : 177,
1933; n. /. Chem. Phys., i : 219, 1933; III. /. Chem. Phys., 2: 20,
1934.
22. Molecular vibrations of 3-particle systems with special applications to
the ethyl halides and ethyl alcohol. (With P. C. Cross.) /. Chem. Phys., 1 : 350, 1933.
23. Calculation of the vibration frequencies and other constants of the H»0
molecule. (With P. C. Cross.) /. Chem. Phys., i : 357, 1933.
24. New method &t calculating the mean value of i/r' for Keplerian sys-
'' tems in Quantum mechanics. Roy. Soc. Proc, 143 : 679, 1934.
•25. Dirac \^ctor model in complex spectra. Phys. Rev., 45 : 405, 1934.
26. Theory of the paramagnetic rotation and susceptibility in mangamous
and ferric salts. (With W. G. Penney.) Phil. Mag., 17: 961, 1934-
27. Paramagnetic rotation of tyserite. (With M. H. Hebb.) Phys. Rev.,
46:17, 1934.
^^r
%•
»»
'\i
^.ij*
V ■W".' ■"■'
\\l:,^$;^^'ff- , ■[■f,fl^'i,r-k^i'f\
Jfei.-s
Vri,
'yf''.:^'"i::':i'
■■■*. \
Kiah«»we»aik
r;4.
■• ■'■■•■..'w4,''|y J, ■■■; '^'V
!•■*.-
Lorenzo Che-na, of Se^-e (Palm Springp)
■* 'r . ■•■■ -if
'j^ .,n
v-fei-n*^ .
/
;':-
<* K« '«. . . ,
r 1 7 -
^-weUik tribe, eayfi that his lansiagp^ Je the 8am|
„/'i«-? '
.i
Wah-ne-kl
••*■ ■■■fi
'•^" V.'
::..#-^
^^•^
ji^
-ke.
*'.%'^
r* ^ ''A^ *1-V!V
iiV\
•if " i
•^<< =
■ '>i' J£:.^-*»
'■u«f;'i
■?■■ ••» ■ J /ii • ■ *-">'
./v.'.
» ? «
-J
,^^>
'51 *■-,»*" Jt '
.;t. '^.
f'^i.'t'
y
Calif, Journal Oct. 19, 1932
''"(':•.
"^- v., . ,„.
•)'*.{
■" • v;,-!^ Vf -
■>V . fv
■.'-«^* ' ** -
f^', .^fl4i^4*^>i'-
X
>/^^
'i^^J-
. .Mr
'-•IS.. r.Jv"' «i - ■'' •
,^;^-»4.' .•'..' '^ ;i, >4,i
.-.» '
t' •...' ', ♦'■■■ ' ,V ', ■ J '. * I » -
. ■, '- ■»-'■■
•"\^-..' r.-:.'"'i "^'*\'/ .*' 'v'^f**t '■''"'•'•/''*>' i^ .■'■''■■'■!
^:/.a.f^^":^?!:?^^-r'^w.;''
<4-fj^.<'
.J'
M •J^''^-'^
■"*»'',: ^ Z^'-; .!;*(-:,'-•,,
■'.■ v. /f'*^*'
'.':?>«.,
'= /
)s
related to thT^ahuill^' iSii-'^rrt to coTerod S«i OoiBonio Piie aiiam Miacint'BiotMiil -If ^ north, and roachod |^ tlw i^ip4|j^ ^^^^
prosent town of fieanoiii^liiterlj to Hiseion Creek, and theno«
to a
sou
WAHN-NE-KE-TAK
^
another y
f^
'«r"3'*J'^. ^f^-': • A'*v»;.^i^?i' "c*,''.
-'Pah^chahlT in a 8D?all ri
'I3»ii'
lA. ' 'X ■". -ii' w'i^'
\ PQtaracg.San Jac
'►■■.
..'.■ r*' •, -":'^
•^ 'i^V ' ^-i: Jc-^: •■itTi^**''.»i,*'' •5'?''
•'1 ^■^^-
■'. .Ik . ■ '*'^' •
On tiie
||Jm Swings
'*-"-^^^>^;&f ^^-^^::'>r ■■■■■% 't^^^.i^-^^4.{:^^^miW^
the Keh-«e«sik»teBi and
>1w»ba:
%est with
'^ tiS-^^».fe-:i'
i.\- ■
botindar}r of thPMahl^ke as San Qozigonio Ri?er, north of Banad^g;
v'--f
<.-
btttT^s appears to l)e the boondarj betwemi the ii»^V«^f ranohoria
and the next ranQfapta to Ifem^puil, faiEr the Qtfiiiina Chief
'*"*:'/»itv;^/'^'
Logo tells ne that the lrii!"iie»)pe«>tsa territorr eontlimed
the sonnit of San Gpi^gonio Pass, idiere ^thejr had a Tillagi
ealled
zr
and spriqgs aboni 4 ailea imrtti
CEhief Id^go tells ne fturther that on the west the
fahn'-ne»ke*taa arossed the valley to the soothvard, «here thesr
^i.:- ^m
of
./■*■ ' O-' ■" «■* . ■* -. .*-' '
lauffiont,^ He said
■1^4.'
ri'
lat tHoy oc^pied
line 80UU1 sxae or San (JorRonio Paa^jn^ adjacent nc ^
clopoB of San Jacinto Mountain between tsKal ie'fow " -'^^^^'
*■.■:»
. ' ■< »' ■
_i»*— *•■>■.*• ■ ..I ■• ■
.V-;. *"-.,»-;A*r^
Station feJiet of lldliah the aorr«finn«4 1 »^ oV^«. >v.
,a^Ai
.■V
to the Kah-we-eik-teiD) and the eunroit of San (Jorf^onio f^i'^^<^MM appears therefbre that the '^^' " ' ^ k* - ^ .- ^ . -. i v^^
liahld^ g^— r and TepCpa}^
*?^i^
■ t Iirr,f_. ,^. t J|,->--,J,-..
'■C'i
fihahr-of which llahl^ka was about as Inrf^
together. It is possible that a fourth 0ea covered the north
slope of San ,Jacinto Mountain and adja^Qnt narrow strip of |||;^
i'^'
desert frosi Cabezon R. R. Station easterly to Whitewiter. for"' "
#?.V?'??;N-
'♦>t"
Vi-'-
■'•^''V'i.^^^i.-
aa Intelligent Indian of the
tribe gate mo
the -m^s^'
Spur
'•?•;■■■<".'■• ■
c=
• :' ~ i» -> . r-t'' --.rm- ■' -\-.',?flS^* :-2< ^f .'J — J .. ■
Thifl dif^i^on oCji|i.||^ Jiaa hoadquarters at th
ervatiat'iifti&fiSri^littlt^^l^^ northeast of Banning,
iji^^x^it^pryV^^ina at thfl Banning Vater Canyon (San Gor*
'"■■a- •
4cmc
|xtvju ^*o\ w«.v"
gonio River) iriiich ityfollowB SS not quite to^BilB^ and east to(PSLm Sprin^o l&ilroad stanblira^ on eastorly to^high sandhill [Yah- kis] east of Palii^ Springs station and thenco to Uission Creek (
1 ...■ ■ vW'v'
,*J
side)
'♦ >a ■• . J..
ridge to Graybadc Peak.
■^:rt/p.,
..;■. v^
Vt .
intA al(m: are* MIT comer of Section 4 and tbMior
south nearly td^|»ilroad: to Sulphur Sp]^Lng and thence to just (close)
lorse
"and right strai^t to a big rook on nest side Qiino Canyon aiid tiiei]|oe following ridge to mouth of Chino Canyon (to
iF^il6 W rock8)»,-and shoots strai^t to Pain Spring station and the big siMpoMll east^ and thence to Mission Creek.
Ikut^af Mm Mahl«ka are their relatives the Kah«W»sik of
'^.t'..
Palm' Spfin£s.
,..-v. . . 1«^^:- ^^ -'^*
1^..;:
-*j ,
ff;jlX /U^ X^ fe.ASJU. ^ <««r n 16. . '^♦iw. )
i?*'/''!''
'SM^ ■;»'5(. vV /■■ , Ji
■: i'^-:^*^ii;VJ^^ viriilv ?^ '
■">*..
-'»
•|f
. J*' «."
"lit"
'*^ '*"
'^ ■v'kV'
^ ^ ||l4Jbl^^^ j^ KalipiMik subfamily idioae territory extended
•'M'i'lM-%?!'
I.' ■ ■
froD Saa Tsidflflil th^ id«t!l^fl»l tfist of Itaumer Yalley, easterly
•*.*V
•';|aJiTr\^:''
over Saa T9i4ro £&i2Qt&ln and n<urt3bdaate|*ly oTor rugged arid mountains to ilw canyon of Coyote Crsek, ihere they pushed north ^ to or neori^ to"^^ 1lii»airy li^ tNltveih Hv^rside and San Diego CounUes- Jtt«| ||p^ |l|U^j^^ m* isOrS^ (or
fUlQw TMe) Banchoria»«thB lotroRDost village of the Cahuilla^A^^.
'i!lis ls-iB>tem, called Los Coyotes by this Sm^Uuriis. liad
■■■ '•v,:':4v'- ' '"• " - ^ > ,>i '. ■-.. >••>" .N.^^'^Vi.-' • .• ■
three principal rancheriaA^ f ll^ve^ah Cci^^lp^*^^ on Creek in Coyote lalloy; P^tdwow«iiol la the lid '
Vt-l;
^ ;'4.,.'.«'.^ W^ 'X^ , *'*.*' *«fl- ' ,_ '
San
■Alt,:: • •..''? "** •*■•
u^X- .'•#•
■';'^^- -^^Ax{:,:^iJ?i
Ignocio: and Bb^lah^kal at San Isllro Jy|| | ^ipn of tl^ aenii name In the aountains east of tl» southern part of lamer Talley^ the Inhabitants of these lulagss were lilled^fiip^iTely f|]«
,1 'u*,-' >
' ■, -ilk
■:■ ■ v ■'■■■■' ■■ «, ^ ■ . •..*"■ '5 '■Jtf-
fy-
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^%^.:^?
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.■*.
'■ '■' Ti*)-!
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Ai'
;*i-. , «■
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X.
yh'i
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or
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y
e)0//&
e "Strxjaao" and ^^Canuilla^ grcaps pf trlbtj
If^^^^onmon nam for thenselTos and their vorda for people and nan
.. t»* :.*':
XvVi-'n^'^>:-
I #^C # differ in the t«o seriea. Hence it haa been neceasary to aeardh
v;.>-^-'^"ii?»''*,..-
.■■-.vv"^
■■ "^-■'- »^5-. T_-,«,(
iljppropriate |^»e,Jo corer botly
Btrietly apeakiag the people are not Sun aorshipera*
^cfpM)rtiit nevertheleaa th^ hold the ann in great rererenee. Sun and
'/^-■«"
fa^y
■M**^
'th-'''-"^.^
looii created the world and
are the aost aaored deitiea.
'"■y« .»'■?'
•'^;??.:
And both groups call Sun by the sme naao^-Talai-yat^ Therefore^
••••5-*' »--''»^
!:,'«^'
'■ ■■■■■'• '^'-('4'^'%rf^"'^
"^At
,, *Y
failing to find a better wrd, I an propoaing Taha-jat aa a^uKsik^K
.-,* .'.'>flr
family naie for the tao groupa
•^> '«p^. '.^-iwt^-A ■•■• • ■■■■■>" .*4^f,'?'?^-k-t''-> ••
fl;;; ;'.'{*'
't'r^.k:^^
>t,^ *,^J
^=^
' N
^'^
■-ili'
^
li:^r<^-
vO^
>>#..li
. «i ■
■^,
■-■f,'.
■.B-.J^I-.
''Nx,
,..%*■'■
.,'•"**.'./.
f>..
'-> «■
.»
■J:''.
tribea of California the ao
«•' t . 1.,,
.':^'-
■^,:• f^^'^rv-v '■• . ■ V.
■-( ■.'!.:>>
■^ "-...K
•' *»i';
Of the Shoshonean trihea of California the socalled .^^ t , .?.
and
... «
cloalely related , ^ w.^^p., ...,..._.
I i V lTeverthele»8 they haire no collective name for th cm elves, and ;;MS'^i^
.*^'
-'i«
V* ..-.i .1-
I .-J .:■.■. . !
SO far ai i am atar e rio d ollec ti
IS obvious
'. *''^.>,,t-'?,'';''
for purptjsel' of dlalit! ncatf on buC
#^^^>- V v'^ 01 ciasBincaLion out also for clear unaerstanding-^^
ii# - ; 5i 1^^^^^ ftftohl other «to«tf itihe words for people anf ttian liave af- feitiliiSforded convenient ■^«fffif;^»t"irlil3 case ther^^^^differln the
.'v^^ti^i^l^flllflH fta nnf^ f-ViftrA-P^r*' « in. ' rv^^f^si&ilable.^if te^^^ ir^
"W** '
BQT yocabularies of .jthe two dialiil«^#'lntil^al8 for some
. /- ■" -if
•,'-.«•••'. '5.. -v
>»»■
^tS,;S-^4^fig^, . vears I ■ ba^ii ari^MCi^it^
■ 1. **'•■■»,:"* -IT-
■■»i'»-'c'-
...J-..'^^
'•'"::^llfffiP*t^^t|^^-^ iSflSliStL^pl since the people, while not actui ■vs^'^;,:^r'^ux^,^^^^Y.^^y-<^iy^c.y>c Ur.'i A +v^ Sutt in great reverence, the refort
■^Z^".
^.^mmiW^ 'tenn Sun Peiople would'
a'^:'v';":;i^?lf^' '*'
.;r^' V:>':if^
i^^rdate
e,. would be appropriate—for Sun a»d Moon world and are its most sacred dieties. 4And since
stem of the word for people is tahk (plural
, I propose Tahm-yat-tahk-ten
j':p^,m%B^,
*t'-*
^,,af Jt would be written by most anthropologists—
.'f^^^- I'
name for the two groups
■■■V
^ 'I.— iw
■w-'s':
The vowel., in the last syllable, as pronounced by different individuals, varies from e to a or u.
■'^^'•••■.^;;'.^'5-t
* Vl?(' t,. - .■_
'■%^-'
-^r
■•i^^H
■y
■.^
Tahm-vawFamilv
Ketanamwits
ij Mohave Desert and San Bernardino Mts
ketanamo oleum and Mohineyam (closely related) Maringam, Morongo of Mission Creek Mai^a, 29 Palms (no vocabulary) Koos'tam— Yukipe (no vocabulary)
CAHQILU" SERIES
Akatchnan
Kahwesik
Akatchfea - ci^f^%:fev^-K.^ Piyumko — ^
•>A,\. S-fvLo
Sovo'va
— S t>A^ o o~{X_
Mahlke , Banning^-Jw hit ewater
Kahwese'tem, Palm Spgs. & Colo. Desert bands
Pow-we-yam» Cahuilla Valley
Pan-yik-tem, Palm Canyon (Andreas Canyon t^^
West Fork Canyon)
Wah-ko-chim'kut'tem. Upper Palm Canyon (to
Santa nosa Mts. )
Wa-we-is-tem (We-is-tem) , San Ysidro to Santa]
Rosa Mt. Head village Wil'-yaV
Koopan
-JKoopa, Aqua Caliente. Warner Valley
J
i
NEED OF A COLLECTIVE NA?ffi FOR •SERRANO* ^ND •CARDILLA*
Of the Shoshonean tribes of California th« aocallod * Serrano * and 'Gahuilla* groups are wellknown to be much
more closely related to one another than to any other
Nevertheless they l»ve no collective name for themselves and 80 far as I am aware no collective name has been pro- posed by anthropologists. The need for such a term is ob- vious, not alone for purposes of classification but also for clear understanding. Among other stocks the words for people and mn have afforded the necessary handle but in this case they differ in the two series and therefore are not available. After searching the two dialects at intervals for several years without much success I realized that Tahm-yat
is the name of the Sun in both groups.
O
UiUA
I J
^ '^-A,
1
Kti.4rC\ V\. tK. Vvx v/'.v \ -^a
f\ Vv. V-" ,.: ['\ \v..v. :\ K,,
Id^^WNvq-C'lV^txK
.'i\.
WiT-w« u;i,4ev-
i\
"^ O 6 b O ' <<
P '"
ToYV<^ VA^VU
» ii^iii »■— ■■»■!— —t^wi^r
(Jcu\ v^-"» H .jrv4
"CU^
(Tx*-^ ot^l* W*.i S.
Tbot^ x^j^.^^t-^ "Tk4r^2ii_i^^
9
Mountain tanager {Firanga lu- doviciana)
Yellow-breasted chat {Icteria virens)
Kingbird {Tyrannus verticalis)
Say phoebe (Sayornis saya)
Black phoebe (Sayornis nigri- cans)
Wood pewee {Contopus richard- soni)
Small flycatcher (Empidonax) Horned lark ( Otocoris)
Barn swallow (Hirundo)
Cliff swallow (Petrochelidon)
Violet-green swallow (Tachyci- neta)
Bank swallow (Clivicola)
Phainopepla {Phainopepla nitens)
Cedar bird (Ampelis)
Bluebird (Sialia)
Water ouzel {Cinclus)
Evening grosbeak {Hesperi- phona)
Pine grosbeak (Pinicola)
Black-headed grosbeak {Zame- lodia)
7
Tc»-K>vcU0L4r Tv^tlres
'SBfiftAN(r SERIES: Mohave Desert and San ftrnardlno Kits.
Ketanamoo'lniTn and Mohinayaa (closely related)
Ketanamwits<
MerlngaiB ^lorongo of Mission Creek.
, 29 Palms (no vocabulary) Koo^tam— Yuklpe (no vocabulary)
>■■*■» — !<«■ I ■ <
"CAHUILLA" SmnS
s
Akatohma d^^f^^^^h-e^..^^-
\
Akatchinau -4 J-'ivomko
-> SovoVa ->
<t
■r /
IS
I
*
t
I
" Ma hike (iWahneketerrrK Banning - hliitewater
Kahweseteni . Palm Spgs. 5: Colo. Desert bands
Poi^we*yam^ Cahuilla Valley
Kahwe8ik^Mv< Pan^yik-tein, ]'alm Canyon (Andreas Cenyon to
T West Pork ^anyon)
VVBh-ko-chiia kuttem. Upper Itilin Canyon (to Santa
Hosa Mts. )
yfa-ira-jg^tw (We^js^tgrn) San Isidro to Santa j ^
Bosa Mt. Head village Wil-yah. /
^
>^'
\ Kodpai^ /Koo pa , Aqua Csliente, Warner Valley
1
"EcT
'^^JkMtiM^
Ketanawvita
Ketana/nookum '<md Mohineyam (cloaely related) Waringam, Morongo of Miaaion Creek Mara, 29 Palma (no vocabulary) Kooa'tam— Yukipe (no vocabulary)
•CiHlJILU* SERIES
^katahman
Akatolntra <jPiyun5ko SovoVa
S 0 U o U <t
' .
Kahweaik
K'oo'pan
Mahlke, Baoiningj-^ Whitewater
Kahweaetem, Palm Spga, & Colo. Deaert banda
Pow-we-yam, Cahuilla Valley
Pan-yik'^-tem, Palm Canyon (Andreaa Canyon to"
West Pork Canyon)
Wah-ko-chlm kuf'tem. Upper Palm Canyon (to
Santa Poaa Mta. )
Wa-?*0-i8-tem (We^ia-tem), San Ysidro to ^anta
T?03a T</lt, Head villa,?* Wil-yahJ
'^
<JK'oopa, /.jua Caliente, Wamar Valley
\
e^ I ^'^
C
■ «»,' r.-' i»'
■ irt? ■■'•^
■. »»^l^«^»3Hl».f*j^._. t.
.(i|;''
^^rv^i'l-vMi;''*^;
■*,(,'.■ /(.. ■.;- >>'\T.^-^.'''^.3r4».. ^
'■VttVfii'VBWJ..'-.' Wii'-lM***!!**.;
*,.-. I'iilV '.*-.
tT •
AKATCHMA GROUP
Akatch'ma. Their nane for themselves.
Tribe of the Capistrano coast region, reaching south to or a little beyond San Onofre Ht. and in the interior to the Santa Ana, Trabuco, and Blsinore Mts. On the northwest they are in contact with the Tongva; on the east and south-
'' ■ ■ . ' . ' C. ■ \ ' -. , \ ■ ..' . ■ ■
■'./■■'■'%-■■■'
east, with the Piyumko (Luiseno).
Called Juaneno by the Spanish-Americana and many
ethnologists.
"^T.;
Piyumko (Luiseno). Their name for themselves.
Tribe reaching the coast between the Akatchma on the northwest and the Kammei ..(Diegueno) on the southeast from neighborhood o t San Onof re Mt . (ar Los Pulgaa Canyon ) to
»•'.
a little south of Oceanaide; in intorior reaching north to
, 1 •, V,/ ••-* .•
Santa Ana Mver and iStreMide, east lei^ to San Jacinta
'J..J'*.'^ ■
1 ■^.
..-'i*.*'-*.
Village and Winchester; south'^'to San ?a^ Valley and
' ' ■■>-■' .-■
Escondido. i
■f :■%
■>^v,,. ;...v^.,.,;^^
• ■■ ■; - .:-''j •--■} '^ ''■.'^- •■■t\ r .^ •• ^. ■,;«►■.•*•• V-^'^.-.V .;■-'■••- ■"■"
Called Ki^win-tun by KahiiHit^.p
-: 'Vr
'•';< •
>-^
) .
;xi. •:.-■>
Sobo ba . Their nana fcjpr themselvei'.
far themsft 1 v««-^^^^^^ v . > v^. :
.»
•i '
-6V/ i
,.• ^ k.v;- :'». .
'7^
Small interior tribe immediately wes| of San Jacinto Mts.
A ■
1 .'••■■.vv*i'
'VJV'^
■'^■'iv
■■''.^^i?fc. ';\.*-'.>
. ", • »^'lr.
and continuing westerly^.tojl: little beyond the towis of San
Jacinto and Hemet. Called Yu-yah-'
- ■;•
.>''^;
.; ».
.v/T..,ii>
^#
's^i^«^^■ ''■'""
aci^nxo and Hemet*. :.':'7^- %^-> vv -■••.-■:/-•• r^-^^'w^^^-^''^^^
Called Yu-vah-iep^ft^- W Kahie«ri:!ttMl#M!-y^
4^ p}r Called Sg-vah-yg^-yo-yum % iferingam*«^ '^^"
.. V ■;^A.; ^^ .. , , ,.» ^^' ..^ ». - . - .■,■. V.J.'- . ■ ■ . ,'-^.' ■■ .■ \ '-v.* ■'". ^"■■■•v/. • ■
{ .i' 'N ■ .■ ».'--.• , .,. u . ,'* ■; ■„ -r- ■-.. -^'^r ,. ^ ■ ■ -i .-,■'■' ■. Vs < •;«?' -: • " n- *' ■.•'■'■ -• • ' ' '■ .- • "', •
I i ■» -.J I > ' ^- . •, ■ . t. . . . < I ■ i. .' . , ' . - ~ , ^ - ; »• 1f^»*W'. '*• ' .>.•'«/.- • 1 1 ■' . . . '
■.r^ 3>-J
M..-V,'
^■. .'..■
■faV"-'
"«>■■.
.%
»-.
^
...■f
.<
■ 1»,
■ >i , ■■-*■" ■ r . V- - , k;# . . r ... - ^
■ '■. ■■.■ v« '.•'•■.■ ',, <,/■,■■■ '■ « _• ' ..■'.• I i
<t, I r*'!. 1
r 1
i
n
\
Ha--
FO-BO-BAH
The So-bo-bah are a BK^BttribeTnow practically confined to San .Tacinto Reiorvution. Their original territory is much ipore extensive than generally knovm. Chief Lugo of the nahuilla tells me that it reached westerly frorc San Jacinto Peak :md the crest of the higher part- of the range west of Palm Canyon to San .Tacinto Valle^*»»^^en Hot Springs e«-4b«. northweet, am\to indiwde BoEnonigoni Valley.
The northeastftm comer of their territory appears to hare been the surardt of San Jacinto Peak, or a point on the west cido near sunarit, whence the eastern bound. iry followed the crest of the range southerly to a point about east of HaaJaht
• ■ ,
now Hemet Reservoir, where they met the Powiwe^vaip Cahuilla. West of Hanet Renervoir, they are separated froiB the miBgna by a tongue of the nahuilla which follows the canyon of Bautiste Creek northwesterly for its entire length, a distjmce of about 15 miles. Biacond Valley, a few miles farther west,
lies wholly in
Valley.
Dosen:
[«■
>
BO-BO-BAH
The f^-bo-h/ih were thus in contact with several tribes On the extreme northwest, imnediately north of Eden Hot
Spri?^, they met the Koog'-tMiri: east of Bden Valley they aet the southwestern b;md of the Wnh-wQ>ke-terr» (Mahl'-Ko); on the east the crest of San Jacinto Mountains separated theK from the i^n^h«we-fiik-tfliP: on the southeast, they were in contact with the Pow'we-yaia or Cahuilla proper; on the west, and also south of the weiitem half of their ninge, they met the related
Pf^ghanim group of Kebhe ««(ldli£;^
C'tM*^
,J,y,
\
Soboba (or Sovoia): Small Kahweaik tribe ID tho interior of Southern Crlifomi^ south of the Ushtke of San Gorgonio
0
Pass, north of Cahuilla Valley; west of San Jacinto Mts,, and east of the northern part of the territory of the Piyumko or luisono end reaching south- easterly to Hemet Reservoir.
Adjoining tribes: 8n the north, the Mahike; on the east, the Kah-we-sik-teai; on the southeast the Wah-ko-chim-kut t en : on the south the ?ow-we-yaw: or the southwest and west the Piyumko.
Places included: San Jacinto, Hemtt,
Valliviata, Strawberry Valley*
ci-1**^
Extract from 'Southern California Indians* by Mrs. H. A. Atwood, in the 'HisioiX-Ol
Bernardino and RiYerside noun
California; Brown and Boyd, 1922>
Saboba Indians, Baskets.
Ihe Saboba Indiana have their homes in a
\
beautiful spot near the town of San Jacinto
• •
lla^
ago
this part of the oouniry were of their number; but in the earthquake a few years ago some of the most skillful were killed by the falling
».■ , ■■■ , ■ - - ^ ^
buildings and with them perished the industry
that meant so much to this tribe. rv ,,^
p. 318
•.^/
»-~
Eztraet from
Saboba Indians. BairiCeti.
Xhe Saboba Indiana ha?e their homes in a beautiful spot near the town of San Jaeinto* « J^j live in a little Tilla^ and a nmber of years a^ some of the best basket makers in this part of the country were of their nunber; but in the earthquake a few ye irs a^ some of the most skillful were killed by the fallir^ buildings and with them perished the industry
«
that meant so much to this tribe.
p. 318
,/' V
-^
Soboba (or Sovova ) : Small Kahwesik
in the
of Southern California
south of the Mahl'ke of San Gorgonio Pass, north of Cahuilla Valley; west of San Jacinto Mts., and east of the northern part of the territory of the Piyumko for Ltti8eno)and reaching south- easterly to Hemet Beserroirt
Adjoining tribes: On the north, the Bghli,.; on the east, th, Kah^siltts.; on the southeast the Wah-ko>chim-kut t em ; on the south the Pow-we-Yam: on the southwest and west the Piyumko.
Places included: San Jacinto, Hemet, Vallivista, Strawberry Valley.
_l
5
'^i^ ^^^..^W:'-'^^
KOOPiH
,^-
■J 'iL**'
:A'-.' .^?
■r^-^
t!?*;'
..y-'i.,' •.',<■/,;-«,' fcfcfi.; .'i^
't-c.
:■>'
'.»;.* I
;-5f
^ "•^■*
Koopah> Their name for themselves*
Small interior tribe east of iguanga Mts* and extending from Oak Grove and Dodge falley southeasterly to Foerta Cms and igoa Caliente in Warner Yalle7# Thus their country is imiDBdiately east of the piyuako, south of the Poweyaut west of the We-is-tamt and north of the Tissepah or Northern Kammei (Diegueno)#
^;!C'^
iii..»,.y'rf.
.' ,• •, ■ -^ ■ ■ ■ Ui--'-,
;>
y
n
MISCELLANEOUS
6V\e>^o<ve sVocV. - Te'^an ^we^
^o
/t^
C^'73
' .,r
, .L, .! . I..,- r.
,■ .V'-^'"* ' 'r'' '^j.
.'.... .> X!..-.i(&...i;;^ttJ^'. j^iu;<'
'if . . ... ■,.-•'<.■'' ■■'■•
i^uklk.^ iiinilfi^iMiM 'liriiiiiilii f liTiiliiilittiMiarillrMfftfiiilMf'iiiiiiiWilrri iSifP'^fiPUliTttTrl
M^
A«
.-f";*
/
INDIAi: T?JBES(.^JID LJ\IlGUAaES) FOUIID BY LIE AT TFJOr IIOV. 10-12, 1905.
Y/ith(^riginaf home ofA^tribc(or of its living ropreF.entatives here)
1 Tol-chiiy-no (orjadjq). Te1on ('<Mn''on i\o.nchG;'ia(cit mouth of^ranyon-^
zmvc place \vhoro all the Indians live no\vlSK(e^.,^,<.aJ,4cjivt.w*wcvo I ,^^^ New- 00 -all. ^Tiute i;VD>clo\Jehachap^ Sevo -al here, but
iL
/ '
lan^^Ucige go close to Tol -chin-no tliat tlic tv/oX<ii"e only
\^Br9^
*•
■Ite. ]vvL"ltfea>. C^^, I only calledCoy
nickn.-irne Ham-me-nat, v/hich in -^-^nr' l-^.n.^^inro moans"v/liat is
iTt':^lLlonte'On lelon Creek , 2 or c> :"•
miles "belov/ the Tol-chin-ne at lAouth oucanyon.-T^^^^^^iH^
fi rn nn r] Bi i en a v i s t a L/ilc e s .L*-*^*^ d-*^-^ i ^
• ^ ^k —
^Aotv Ifto
:te^
i:. T in -1 in -no. Tejon Vieiio('01d Tejon',;^ T^anJiu, t-n,(on Ranch Creek.
W"~^3^*^
6. Tash - 1 0 -p 0 om.^""'S?m) S.-m Sraigdio. Closely rtslated to I.anta Barbara
^L. Kail --yen -^ah. Caliuen^a and Tohunga. [ClJU*/Xlo2j^ »\ i^*-*W«^:i
% Kas-t^. ;^Ca{:tac Lake and at rnoutii of Uvas(or Fort) Cai^iyon, Very
closely related to Ventura tribe^ /Called themselves
Sa-sa-mjm^ne.(ffb Castac
^. Ton/3;-va. ^Jaft T ernando.
SaiiiG as San
i^C-^
7^
f>..\Vah-tak-nas-se. ^^Kern" Valley near Kemville. L^Ae\UoV<Lla.'
^..^^.Vftf**—*.,--, .<»^-»»M-»— fW» t-*-^****-*
■, ;*«^-f» «*■■•<•'■ r**^****'*'*"'
A...\. •4^"'>>t . . -.v. •*■•■-
- .* ' *i W.V-.*|«^^» J^'**** '
/
Porno*
/
^xo<vw iJkiah, llendocino Co.
It is quite possible that still otlior tribes arc represented hero, but in the short time at my disposal I was not able to mokG a thorough search. In fact, I had much difficulty in getting the above.
■A-
'•' • ■ '.jII
(It
TFJOII
llov. 10-12 ,1905
By tliG ]i;irdest Icind of pressinr work, talkinr; with ;: number of dif
leron
gr ount
Indians c^ oaking different langiL-igcs, and going over tlie I a second time to clieck up errors I h;ivo secured the following
most importrjit original inforir.ation as to t'lo locations, n:u.ies, and tribes of the various rancliorias of tjiis region as they were in the early days. V.hilo it is not absolutely complete, ;ind while a few discrei^ancies reuain, I n.^er^.eless feel that I have done a a good
job
LrllO
in rescuring this i;;aterial from obliviom— for in ii-ost instances ■
»
one or the other representatives of a trii'O are tlic solo survivors ;
and v;hcn tlioy go all kno'vledge of tjiolr people will be lost.
0«t>^- Ne».l1ojr.
r;j:ciii]RI/^.^^d tribes hi tejo7 pjt.io]: hi i^arly days.
^
/
tr
.TvvU TvK^lU.>vc CNoWuArl.
,-11
,j-v
r*
ft •■
^ ITeibn VicA:o (Old Tejon)^*f?'mies Sjf of present Tejon ^anch ranch
bi on vhc croek next Kvestjof t:ic creok which passes
house
t:io Tejon ranchouso. In 1856 it was an irni;ionGe ra-ichoria
Roseine.^Te tolls ue. Tlie tribo originally livinr; at Tejon Vie jo called thom;;elves Tin-lin-ne, from Tin-leu tlie place (Tin-lou is their nime for
'Tlie* neighboring tribe Too-lol-min(oi I'ern and Buona Vista
Lakes) called the place (Tejon Viejo )Tah-ahl, and the rmicherVoj Ah-kok-e Tali-aJil/^ and tlio people Tali-ahl' chah-^ihtch- ah-kok-e. The name of the croek( and canyon from which it comes)
langu;
Ta]i-alil*so-
pah. It, according to t'le old Indians at Tejon, was the original (and thoy insist tlic only) Tejon Canyon. Tlioy say the white men have shifted the naixie to the 2d canyon east— th:it is to the present Tejon canyon.
ilrs.Rosemeyre says that
the Serrano call this tribe Pah-pali-ve-
ta-
tam.
,-'*.•■
«.■■^
(. ; *
■■* 'Vf: ^
■ *
■'V'A^.
' '-5' *-,
.1 fc,' ■
-.otHt^
I " •■^'.
'V.
•■' ■ til" ,M,
/■■ ;-
'* ,
( •■
( ' » . >
■<i^>
;;1
■ fit-
'>'*X'
I."
■','*■
■."V
■'■A .'-
«>••
IV
■ \ I
.*■.'' >.
,., , ■■' -.^vtr '•''•;,:' •,-*'.,!. ■-■. 4r,.v ■*■>»/, '.^* i W'->'Wu;v''' ';*■•■■ ■„-■.„, '.♦ ■ ■ ., . > / <\\'v' ',(-'vy;''V"- ■' '''?-V tt'-''v ''ik.'
"<^-s
r:
''•■ ««^i»/v
i
. .V.V,
M' '„'•■■■■ ■ ' • ■■; j;::..: '• - ■•■.•■ ,Jj. , V^;.';^
■ ^ i'»l ' '. I-: ■;-:lt.V..'. J. ■
2. Las Tunas A Tnrec and a half to four miles above Tejon Vie. jo on saine creek.
In Too-lol-mir langu.-ige: The place, Ilali-pin-toh (meaning 'the tunas '--tuna cactuses) The rancher ia, Ali-kok-ke !I:ili-pin-trJi. The people, llaji-pin-tah choi -chah'-alitch .
This v/as not an aboriginal ranchoria but was established I
> -}■ . 1
I . i
by a San Emigdio Indian (father of 'llancy', my inform.jmt) at the time Y/hen tlie Govemmnnt v/as overcrowding t]ie old ranchorias by bri]i(^ing in Indians from various qaurters. It was inliabitcd by sevei-al tribes — Ern{dio, Kastak, Yov/elma"ne and perhaps others.
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M
TEJON TPJBES III ?MU DAYS ETC Cont 7:
3.
Caporal MontoTH hn the Dmall grove of cottonwoods \±Qve the
■tu . \ .
lower ranchliouse (now occupied by Lopez^Jioad vaqucro; now is, a miio and a half helo'v Gen.Beale'c adohc ranch house (headquarters) tmd. like wise on the west side of the same stream— Ranch or Pass Creek.
TEJON TRIBES II! E/\R Y DAYS ^ont
3,1006.
llovoiiibo In Too-lulh-ne (Too-lol-minJlA'wacc^*^;
The place is, Chah-pahn-na The rancher ia. The people, Chaliy-palm-na cha]i-a!-itch The tribe, Hain-me-nat.
♦ i
I
In the Too-lol-min language: :^*>ku.'t Tlie placo is Pal-lew cha-pan-na ^ Tlie Ranclieria, i\li-kok-e Pal-lew cha-pan-na The People, Pal-lev/ cha-pai^-na chah- ahtch The Tribe ,Tin-lin-ne (s::ime as at Tejon Vie;jo).
anguage
Sah-mo
. ( Sali-
t
mes means 'a
pas^V
4. El MonteTl ^On ■ ( present) Tejon Canyon Creek 2 miles north or (or II.U.E) of Tejon Ranch house and about 5 Mies below Tejon Canyon
Tlie old rancheria was on the west(or southwest) side of
ranc]ioria.
the oalt and cottonwood forest called 'El IJIonte', the old burying
! •
place in ■'^he timber ;' ■ y'' ''''■■ '\' ■■ ■-'■^ ''-''.'':■, -^dc:
It belonged to and was occupiedfeaiely by the A]^-ke-ke-tam tribe
Ur^.r..!. ..nn«rl H.nmime-nat^ '^^H^ '^'^^ f^'^'^^^^
language
/
The place is l/!um-num-pe
I ,
-. >
■f'.i'
,%i»i'
J
he rancheria
Vac people
!Ehe tribe, Ak-ke-ke-tariuor HamksarnaL , »^ \UMj^t^-y>-^<^''^^^ ♦ In Tpo-lvun-ne (^ Too-lx)l-rrinj: ^
'A--,' 1
•^■■■r'
^4^
-S ,'
y ■'
In Tin-lin-nelAM**-*-T^
r
The place and rancheria are both, Yow-lou
Tlie People, lli-ah-him- tal-lap v/hich means 'shooting people'.
mo- C:..K-.'f3n
'■•?
rtlWtVM.e.w«.vtl
5. Te j on C any on Rancher ia. (Ranch erai ' l ^Hny^nyi ) Tt\UTol-ckiK>H< ^^..S'^^tl^i^^^ At mouth of present Tejon Canyom, 5 miles HE of Tejon rancheria.
IHI
Always a large rar:cheria.
Belonged to the Tol-chin-ne tribe
New-oo-ah) .
iheir own language: .^ ,; ;
(suhfclriW of Piute Mt.
fc ■'':
ikd
|^.V
.('">
>, ' i
, The place is, Tol-teu
The people or tribe , Tol-chin-ne (or nin).
In T 0 0 - 1 0 1 -min Uu< tju'cg.^ :
The place is Tsa-sus (meaning dog) The rancheria, Tsa-sus tah-ahl.
The people, Tsa-sus ta!i-ahl chah-ahtch
The language is said to be the same as tjiat of the Tehachapi or Ow^
I *f.<;., ,,/,•'<■.":.' ■ <
v/ah-tum Ilew-oo-ah. .
i ..f
/ «.■■ '• ■;■..■■■■*«■■■■■' ■ ,.,." V/-
M'.^'.'
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•= 5,^1.
(14)
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^.k A^Mt
.'l^Li.
r
TEJON TRIBES IN Ei\RLY DAYS Etc Cont. 6
\<^t A o^*^ ~ '*^*" "^ • * ~ ^ **-'^
In Ali'-k 8 -k e - tarn J( -Ham-me -nat )
the namo of Tejon Canyon ranchoria
is Koo-eie-tah-ho-ve.
At present, and for some years past, this is the only rar.cheria in the Tejon^akersfield i-egion.
6. Comanche Creek
nchcriaVvAt foot of mountains at head of
narrow valley(first creek and canyon ne of Teion Canyon). In Too-lol-min, £angua/^e;
The place is Ko-koo-kov/;
€'
V%'
The
ft '
rancher ia, Ko-koo-kov/ tali-ahl;
The people, Ko-koo-kow tah-ahl- chah-ahtch.
/
In Tin-lin-ne language:
" . The place is Ka-it-il-lik or Ka-too-il-kah
«> *■
'■.,1 ■
'*'■■ i
V-
*• , ' •
l»*.'
Tlie tribe was the same a6
.■.<f''>'2A- ' '
.'y
'.'»»
.-.*»''»•..
♦*
1^ at Tejon Cariyon and Tehachapi.
i ii^ " ".*■'
■ *^^f^
s
.■/
» »
•-4f'
, _ ;, — lli^^r****.--?^-^— -■
A/ llarned Comanche Creek from a Comanche Indian who came , ■ in v/ith a band of sheep in the early days. He attacked his compani- on, at v/hite man, with a knife and the \idiite man killed him with his . knife. He is buried there,;; ; > : s /,
f
\
*
.'»/■
;■„.. .
/,; *
1
TEJOII RIBES IN EARLY DAYS Etc.
Cont.
}fWT4a-JL;iri90§.
%'\k ^SL^
^V_w^w N*M..o.'-_gj^ WK«»W.nl«.Kl.
7. • Tehachapi Valley Rancher i£u^% ear (Old Tov/n*, about t^vo and a half
«
to three miles v/est of prosent town of Tehachapi, and on on floor of valley on the creek. In their o'li laiTguage:
The place (Tehchapi Valley or basin)is Ta-hatch-a-tum-ban-dah;
The Rancheria, Ow-wah-tum Ilew-oo-ah av-ven-nah;
■■■/ - ■■ ,
■ The people, Ta-hach-£J[bum-ban Nev/-oo-ah; ' v
The tribe, Ovz-wah-tum l!ew-oo-ah.
'u.-i
♦ \
.7
' "'vs..
■V
■;«■ ' ■ ■, :<■'
•4
i, ,.-,
.^^
■ ' -. ' V : v^-'■'''^^'V^'
' w^'* V
'J'
i i'-P
7
At the Tejon, the Ha^menat and Too-lo](airL people call tlieir tribe Ah-koo-toot-se-am and use the najiie is a sense broad enougli to include the subtl'ibe on Upper Calient e Creek and Piute mountain.
J.
.'«
N
8. On or near head of Caliente Creek (in the mountainsj.'TnUMewjVoVgJ^ ^
i The people call themselves New-oo-ah and are not more than a '
■•-,..•.. ■■-•• ■■ \» ;■ ■ , " I ■ . ' ■ i ■ ■'. A.
■■'(,' ' <■
■ . subtribG of the Tehchapi stock. ' -^^
■ i-'i ■■ '' '
In Alt -ke -k e-tam ( =Ham-me-nat ) la/wv|A>^cg>> :
./
The place is Hi-hin-ke-ah-ve; ;
Tlie people, T^oo-tse-am (or Toot-se-am), which obviously is an ,
abreviated form of Ah-koo-toot-se-am— the name for the same tribe
in Tehchapi Valley.
•>>
»'
B-
h- «*».-
(15)
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(16)
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:'>•%' 'nij^
I f>. *..
tt.
li^<
'4-<.>
lo
TEJON TRIBES III EARLY DAYS Cont. 8
9. Kern Y alley ("/i thin the mountairiE and ne.-ir Kernvillel.J**^'^*^'*^*'-*'
I The Toololmin call tiie Kern Valley place and people
vv ah - 1 ak -nas - s e .
*
Mrs.Rosenie."\T0 told ipc last July that the VSerrano' Indians call the Kern Valley Indians Tu-va-pe-a-tam (or Tu-va]i-pe~a-tnm) meaning Pine-nut eaters, and that the Ton/s-va from San Gabriel call them To-to-vah-vit.' /
t
A member of the tribe (Cha'-ko) living in Kern "'alley told me several years ago that the naine of the tribe is in his language > ' Tu-bali-te-lob-e-la. ^meaning 'pine-nut-eaters'.
10. Pozo Flat (In the foothills on Peso Creek) ."TviVcTaAAA^w^^^ej^cvj.
Mrs.Rosemeyre says that the narne of the tribe in their ov/H' ' language is Pal-lah-v/e^-'^-e-yrjn and that they v/ere called by the '
same name by the 'Serrano' .
■ ••■'^'- .■•■■-•■■, from all thepthers.
Their language she says is different
>,■
5 .'
1 ■ • ■ / ■ •.
ll.Batersfield. TvAc. VovMft-lvv^'wg, INoVvc^rl.
■I:. \
I
In Too-lol-min and Tin-lin-ne. the place and people are called ,(leK . , ., .,..,. .
■ .•: Palr5.a-yam-me . '^'•'■■- ■' ^'^ • ,■ ■-.'■•:■'..,.;''/*:':'■■
'• •■ IJov/ ■"■ ' f t ' - --^ ■ ■■*■"■■
The tribe is Yow-wel -man-ne .
. ' ■■■,■■ •■* . •'■' '''•". ' ,..,
l^s.Rosemeyre told me that the 'Serrand'* call the place
.■■■■, . ■ ■.- ' f ■ • - -' j« ■ •
people Patch-ah-mi^-kp-pe-a-tam, ' which means "the place v/hcro the
V)
A
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r
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»,
v.- .'■i.
■'t.
^"
.»S V.
■r--,,- !
^^';
•^
I ' ,"'' ">"' » >
v/ater comes from".
Mexicansv-, ■ .- "'"^^^
These people were the Tularanos of the Spanislt
■"U V-
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V.V" «•
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si'
^^ly
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:^--
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vV.,:'':;*^f'^
Y.t:
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■''^■''■■•...l'-*^j^a^ :'>.A,:^'j?
■A».'
■ ■ir'''^'
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;, tf •■■•,. ,;■,"*_
*
rn
T
TEJOII
TRIBES III E/u^lY DAYS.
Cont 9
12. Kern Lake (now dry) L - 1st T.nnnnn^ XJJ^Tett-loV-WiH L^oWu-il
7
In their ov;n language (Too-lol-min. same as at Buena Vista Lal^e)
The place is Kah-v/e; The Rancheria Ah -kah-ke -kah-v/e; The people, Kah-v/e -chah-ahtch; The Tribe, Too-lol-min.
.,*
1-. "f
••^'' o/.
In Tin-lin-ne. a( of Tejon Viego) Kern Lake is called Hal-low
or Pal-lov/ — the name of the 'honey dew* or 'panoche'scrapea off
the cane (Phragnites) which grev/ there in great abundance.
13. ^iifina XJsta Lake \ =2d LagunaJ. TvvV*. To»-U\'-Vvvv iMok^ibl.
:-? -r-
j:/..
.;**
«/
In their ovm language (Too-lol-min); The place is Too-lum-ne;
7' . •'* ' *
I'h. :'.
■*C, f^
■■■■■-■ ^ ':A}i'^f'^■■■
'\ '.
y ■ T-
■ /' •/■
The Rancheria, Ah -kah-ke- Too-lum-ne;'
y . .'»/• .
> -r
. ,<w.. "'' '<i- -S ,- lit
The People, , Too-lum-ne Ch.'ih-ahtchj(.^6^ KK-k«.W-k(iT,,4av'-H«rBi4.«*ts/J
The Tribe< Too-lol-min (or Too-lol-min-nah).
.i < '•
■ -^.^
if J<*'
S ..'
-, V ■>• "■'.'■ •>-■ , ,'4
■ The Tin-lin-ne also call the place Too-lum-ne and the
/ ..,.-" ■.■■•■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■■
tribe Too-lol-min.
' I ' . ,' ■. ■• „ -■'< ■ ■ 1 ' ■" ■ . , ' . , ■ ' • ^
' The San Emigdio (Tash-le-poon) Indians likev/ise call the
place Too-lum-ne, but call the people Hooi-koo-koo Too-lum-ne.
\ ■ I
^v
''v '.
■-i;
if '
r)i
v-1
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l^r t ■•
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,■'<■
W'
• T* ■ "Hi '
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y
r ^.
j«
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.*'
i*.'
*u-'.v^i';
'-^•^..v ■'• •
^•jf'.*,- '! i - ^' 4 ■ ,' ■■'-.^t'^ ' - ■ ■/; '»*• •>■'■■ U'^- ,■■■■■' ■^<«5»i'«
-I;l:'#'
. t*- <■'■ J ■ •■>«•
y:-'
TEJON
//
Cont 10
'^,v-
:-,*..--.,.
' j'^. •■?•*■■
^oose Lake fs^'^Sd Laguna^T ' AvlVc ^ 7.. *.,.-- ::it
, .'ivT'%' '."1. ,,'■•
In Too-lol-min langui#jl ' ^^«^- I^Kl'' -The place is, Sho*p Kah-we;
-V"3?
■Vf,
The Rancheria Ah-lcah-ke Sh^Y-Kah-^©; The People, Sh5*p Kah-we chah-ahtch.
*^::.
In Tin-lin-nei>L^>u^vs>J^J>^:
The place and people are Pah-ahs'.
According to llrs.Rosemeyer they call themselves Too-lam-a-yani
-. *f
. v
*v
.<,■•■ ■ I-.-. .-
and the * Serrano* call them Too-nah-me-ah.
p|gf^!..sv There is difference of opinion as to the trihe. The Too-lol-i 1
,/
min old woman 'llancy* says they were T6o-161-min— same as her own people; llaria Via Real who speaks Tin-lin-ne says they spoke Txn-lin- ne or Yowel- mann», while I.lrs.RoBemeyer says their language differed 1'
from all the others.
#
16 f Paste Rio (11-12 miles south of v/6st from Tej on Ranch house,
Tj^ucAkJL
ibtr'-e^**-'^^^
The place is, Che-po-we-00;
The Rancheria, Ah-kah-ke -'l2he-po-we-oo;
The people, Che-po-we-00 toi-chah-ahtch.
Old Vade'o who lived there several years says the tribe was the same as the Indians at San Fernando (v/ho carjie there) 1^*>*^V[3l-\
(19)
»-»i"i »!,■
/i
Kp",■,^^■■.i^''^.i
'i'. 5A
; Canada deJaBjIrM tor 'Cat 6W8V las W^^^ Fort Tejon Canyorf.
t
■^Iv' i:^''..'i.iV^'i«?
.*%"i; ^
•-^^ancheria was at, mouth of .Canyon and was a large one. .|
y''lr*3wT*"".ii
-fct-
■'.^>1>^'
io-lol-linjlju^^^«.w»t»^ The place is La-pev; (or La-peu); The Rancheria, Ah-kah-ke, Jia-peu;
;s#%^.v*,^^'* rj^g people, Lap-pe-u-toi chah- ahtch^
■ ■»■'■■ ^.•.,.. •''"t' v.'T /"V* ;'>j«r'' • -■ "•^.■: ■•,■ --^r ■ '
The Tribe, Kas-tak ^(same as at Castac Lake "ant'hearly same as
at Ventura)-
In^Tin-lin-ne^ r
-*^« of
•mah
.djbak (at north side of Castac Lake). TKiUjc^i;
iWl
jlui/wJw-»^
The Place is Sahs (meaning eyes); The Rancheria, Sahs ah-kah-ke; The people, Sahs- toi chah-ahtch.
■ ■■ .... ■■• •■■*«>, -''S.'.ii^ »
' ■ ■ ' ... ■*>>■■■ ■ 'j'f
l^j't
'•^.
';:'>f^ki|^v%y.
The tribe. Ka^ak (almost the same as the Ventura).
•mahi
The Spaniards called them Castanos.
18.
• Tacuva Canyon (2 or 3 miles v/est of Las Uvas or Fort Canyon).
lTu?bo-l ol -min Isj^^j^-^^x The place is Ta-koo-e (or Ta-koo-joi); The Rancheria, Ah-kali-ke Ta-koo-yn; The People, Ta-koo-joi toi-chah-ahtch.
In the EmigdiOyy language the pooplo are Hol-koo-koo Ta-koo-e, Trilie Kastak, same as at Castac LaJce and iriouth of Las Uyas Canyon. 20
I^
12
19. San Ernigdio.
TEJON TRIBES m EARLY DAYS
In their ov/n language:
The place is Tash-le-poon; The people, Tash-le-poom Koo-koo;
The place n.une (Tash'-le-poom or Tash-la-pooiv) has been adopted hy the neiglihoring tribes, Toc-lol-mir., Tin-lin-ne, and Ham-
men at .
In T6Q-lol-minLg.>..eA/^»^ :
The Rancheria is i\h-kah-ke Tas'i-le-poom; The people Tash-le-poon chah-ahtch:
The tribe it cloholy related to (if not
Santa Barbara tribe^.C^W'vvvOLiV)
the h'iM^.o afe) the
20.
Temploa: IrVV'uTocAoV-w-v^ LNoWa:\.
In their o^^ language (~
The place is V/e-ah-wi-ling-al;
The rancheria, Ah-kah-ke We-ah-v/i'-ting-al;
»
The people, We-ali-wi'-ting-al chali-ahtch.
The ti^lbe, Too-lol-min :(same as at Buena Vista and Kern Lake).
A neighboring rancheria (exact site not kno^;m by me)was Wah-pe-et by both the Too-lol-rain and Tin-lin-ne.
called
(21)
^ -»;ii.\^ .■ ,,
Jtf
■ •"'T' - ■
%
'-.«
"*-^;».,i'-
.,- ■ ■»
•■<t
INDIAN TRIB^fAND LaI
' ' M raf t* if Mdl |ot:io-ll,i9off ■
Wi re
'-.;:•■■<<:'
■'■■ *■
t
i-9
iT'i'. «.''.
•^ ^i^al.*,-' ■ ')fett/ •■ ■ .k/^'i-r .. '
•••■>
. t .*v.
'IJTejon Canyon— 5emo pl^P — ** — ""'"' **'^ Tv,44««a.^ s
mosely j^|l||fd. JP Hew-oo^en 8|3ia,:^;:^-^^:afp^^
-j^'-'-^' ^?^<
*".,^^
(. ( / .\. . .. •• - .a a.
vVo-
,'«,. .. . ;■*!' i.-y.
•3^j:-
:'»^';„'..-'r.':'- ■':'
' '*■■.. 1 ■■ ■■ */
iklS«#ano» "tifibe commonly called (bf^^lp^^
the nicknaiit Ham^ae-nat^t ^SiJ^^-'''
which in iljeir language raeane "what is it". Also
A'^^-;'
I^Wr' ■»'.-:' ■*-.';lV''
^^^/■;
called Ak^ke^ke^-^tatt ^ Jhe nm0'
'■J^t^i^^'lT^'^i
r ^v i^M^^si^^ia iifl Tejon Creek» 2 or 3 Miles otlow the
l9 at
■ ti t'
^"" "-"Tol-chii^^ne ^.Siuth of '^ejon Canyoi^f lttiel|; proj^er^^^.^^
^ ' Mmt^'i^rro o-lo
oo-iol^-min. tokut- tribe at Kern and Buena Vista I
-m^^m^^- UlBO called loo^dairjw,)
i> '
t^-'l'-H:*-
?:<■
"5^
F "if ■ n. J* •%
^K
/
J
'>'•'■ ;•/'''''*>
TAinn Yifiin Mnl(! Tenon^lii Taian dtomt^^ v > t^
Tin^>lin»-ne. 1 Tejon liejo ('Old Tejoa*|if fftlm
Yokut tribe, seme cs Yo we Imcn eV? BBii<meria on Eanch Cr#
■'■'*
^3l^?(or Fort) Canyon«:|?iagy|ljes»ly lil#^^ *« '^'^^"'"^"^ "--"ec they c4|||^ipjy8feres Ss-saHBan^ne . [caiuinag
- . !*>•■•• ;.^ J
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""'tli - «»:
9 ■ 1* - «.
1. Tt^on Vie 10 (Old Tejon). Tribe Tin-lin-ne [Tokut]. <
J-
THree nlles SW of Wesent Tejon Ranch ranch housd, the creek next west of the creek vhioh passes the Tejon
.:>
■ I
.— '^ *'•
V !/♦
ranch house. In 1856 it was an imense ranoheria Bosemeyrl^.^;:^
^ "H:.,
tells me.
The tribe originally lining at Tejon Vie jo called
- '-• L <^V*
thenselves Tin-lin-ne , f ron Tin-lep tfa» place (TiBf-lwi ig
■^: - - " .'■ ' ,'t ' ■ *■ ) ■<■' - ■', '^ ■• ■;'..■"'■ ^.. ■■■ •-
their name for badger). >■ ! '^^
V,.f
>'«v
■i^:^V^^^-i-U;-r'
■"^1»{*>'
--^^^,
?f^
«<«■-«
The neighboring tribe Too^-lol-niin
.,.; ' > :;. >,'^'. ■:^-'^'- ■;:.:,.'•' • ■' '"^^
Tista Lakes) called the place the ranoheria Ah-kek^e Tah-^
Kerp
:-^
?♦■
W^^:^-&iM
.^1.
2.
TUMsi (Tribes nixed).
■.v
Three and a half to four miles above Tejon Vie jo on
* •<■
sase creek.
* O " s t
- ■«
ti^'l;;s
'• ,'. V
tx--
In
M^age
■ ■ ■ ■. y-.'i'
%■
J,*
Tfee' place, Uah-pin-tah (iwaning »the Tunas »— tuna cactuses)
4-
i'.V
v-
Nailp
< +•'■
'-J^
«r ."x;, '*'*■»" ^'"»-
r '--kP
■.-•^/^f^J*
The peoplf I liah-pln^tah ohoi-chah-ahtch.
■ - - • - *— i(t.'.'.>'- .—.'■- ■.Jr. t '^•■•^-■'■, ■ / ■"■.;■ ,,■! " • •, .. .' . .
This was not an aboriginal ranoheria but was estab'
1-.
.> -'-»
"r," -»***"* *:
ehah-ahtch-ah-kok«e. The name of the
■ , •■-■■ - '- <>>, ;
which passes Tejon v
Uflhed bj a San Etaigdio Indian (father of 'Nancy', my
''^:''r tv
V.
informant) at the time when the Gorerament was oyer- crowding the old rancherias by bringing in Indians from yarious quarters. It was inhabited by several tribes— fisidio, kastak, Yowelmanne and prhape others.
'' ■*;
was the original
Tah-ahl ^so^pah. It, scittHlM to tli (^^^^^ «t Tej
tod MftiilBriit only) Tejii Canyon They say the lAite mifM^ shifter Wl^ canyon 11
east-that is to thl' pwliir^ifoi
..i*'
'»»•-
'i*
Mrs. Bos emeyre says llnit
rxiDO call this ti*ibe
pah-pah-
■i*
-V. .•
.*»■ '
:-> N: ■'■>* ..••■■ ■ ',. «• -.
^ \
.»-*»*.
*-s
■■«•■'.
'yv-
'>- y-
• -V. •• • »• ■«• wn .•; . I ^•
■' '.»- '■' •• *• '•.¥''( mt V-'- • ''^ ■ *
■:i- .
/"i
'A
Vv:'
•y>
■V ,■
^'
/•X
TBJOU
TRIBES IN EARLY DAYS ETC Cont.
3« Caporal Hoc
■v/.
In th9 saall grore of cdttoinroQde whert the lower
ranohhous
is, 8 mile and a half below 6en«Beale*8 adobe ranch houae (head^oartera) and likewise on the west side of ti» sane stream— Ranch or Pass Creek. In the Too»lol^"«in language: [Yokut] The place is Pal-lew chlT-paii'-na The Banoheria, Ah-kok-e Pal-lew dia-pan-nS
'X
/ __ w/
The People^ Pal-lev che^pan^na ohah-ahteh The Tribe, Tin-lin-ne (saae as at Tejon Yiejo)* In the &igdio and Yentura language the Ranch Canyon (El Paso)
<,^
#'.
is Sah^es* fSahnaes Haana *a pass*^)
4.
[Mite. Trib8-j6a^jt<Bn-a
^
■••s' ;•; ■■><
,'/
north
;«..,.
,. ■?-.
Tejon Ranc3i house and about t piles b|ioir fij on Canyon roha. The old rancherfa was on tite "wiss tf for ^H utHwl t ) s ida of t he
»■'> .!•■
i#'
oak and cottoni^rfifedt called 'SI Honten the old burying
.;'',>v
C.I.W
r.
■•■- jr ;
■■»•-,
r
plaoi li the tuber*
It belonged to and was occupied solely by the Ak-ke-ke-tas
■» -' ■ ".*; ■ '■•^■' .',■'.. • ^ ■.,'"■*'■■■'**' ■■■* ' ■ r '^' ' - ■ ' . * ,y' ' . •
•* ■ ■ ' " " ' ■ ^ '■.■._. _■ _ ft . .■..--' .. ^ .. -* *.' -..^ . ' .
tribe (coBBonly called HaaHne-nat'). Their proper name for thea-
;&
■■ >!*•■
'\
selTes appears to bo Ke-tan-a-«oo-ku«f
.'In Ineir own laguage: ■i.»^^-':^:/»-;in:s,$-4:;.:^^:;.^: ' ""iThe placa is Wm^^famr-^'M^--'i^ii»^^ -^The rancheria --'^c. -^.'^-v;-'' ^^^-^^"--'^"^-'^^ ■ .;^-
The peopXji'^' - ■? .--rn':-, . / - ■r__,\;4Q(,;.v^::;c---/. ■ ■ '■■• The Tribe, Ak-kt-1ca^t an, or Hai^f-xidt, or Ke-tan-nam-
•V
" 7' . •'''"''iff - * "" ■ ■■ :.'<\
■*•' •.. T,
■A'- 1^'
»V-' -^-^
I'.-
'm
.*'■ -v.
■..,:.'*•■ '■ 1^' s'-Y.'
-%*. '%
Sv">
-fc.
%'
V /. ^-
-m:-:;
In Tod-lnm^na (foo>IoI-lBitt) iaqgaage; . fhe pie ii is Chih-i(Bliii4il
'k
fhi nnohtria^
y ■
.■■' . *^ ■
The p^px# / iiiiip^p^^
, "4
_.-^^ ■ .--j'^*'-.^^
■•.i^'-f;
r^.,-
-':%^;T,.,- ?./';■;• -^^■■.■.^v^^
•ahtofa
;v.
.'■«,'
fhe trib#.
,y .■
|
* |
;■> ''■ 's |
|
|
■ ■ t |
V |
'■:.','' '''V |
|
"■■'■■? ■ • , ; |
(. 't' |
|
|
4 ' |
Vs- ■" •»'>
'1^:
■::■ ^•"^■,>/^:..•^^■^■v>n;'v
/ *
,1 >
|
> |
|
|
V' |
' '■ . '":;:*■ '"• ■ . |
|
. .' |
» V, ^V ••' "tj' ", |
|
•■* '•■-•; |
|
|
Y |
" ■-- . .| |
|
/ |
■,r-;.; T--' •/.■.■. |
|
r |
• ■■■■• . .:,.. r/'s, •;^' '' |
III "iii^liB»n» languBget
Wv^v
... i
S-'.
'« -v
'^A-v r'
The place and ranoheria are both Yow^leu
•"o, >¥•'- ■
the peopl#, Hi^h-hia-tal^iap, nhich aeans ffhoot ing ltj|^
liiftm Hancheriair fBancheria 21 CaS<m% Tribe ToltehJntnf
..!? '.
•fe.
■"^<^^r-r^."-,V"; ""ti^'
ma* iflancneria si uanon;. Trioe joizWJBHmB-
" ■■ . - ■ ^ ■•' f ■' ■ ., A ■ .' ''f-l i .•'■.'.-'■■'.*' 1 '• , ''•.'•■' ■ ■ ■ "Vf ,'*■ '4 •' •' i.'* ■ . ■' ■■ . ' ■ I , J*.-. V .Si^''^ .*■*', .^ ■ .w^..'"' " '■"■" <■»■'» ' •■..iK.i'i?'' '*■' '.'4.
'•■,«... ■■.',»•■■- . *•. '• k' -.■(•-.. '■ ■ * - .. .-■ '■ • '-^- -.!*;■. . ... ..«■■.. ./ .^'.v •J /■'■■.■■■'•';•■'•- •.j-.-^I.'*.;ll7'..'<»';i'^,V
h:«ient Tejon GH^n.lgiiles RE of Tejofigf
At south ol Pif ient Tejon
on.^Hriles HE of Tejo
.f'
■1 " fc- *.•
r. 'I
•<v^%»-.
Belonged ^ ii^^ Tol^chinlne tri)j# (eubtribeif Piute Mt/*
'^^Ji..-..>'!f'«,
t» j>.«.
\! ; -
Iff .The plac
#-«^,,peo|3U . ot - •
r>, ■ M'.- ■»-.,*■ . .••-■■...■,1. '«,. '/.;.- .'/^f,,, ,, .., ,- i^
E^' i^;^-^ ^Mlliif -^^ ^^- -^^
• !|JI|[e p^ T88-«ua (meaoiM oog)
. ' ^ "^ • T'"' '* -,".. ♦'■■■■
'*v^t^
Ke^tan-nSHioo-lraB Ah-ke-k^taa (^Ham-^e^nat ) thfiilne of Tej^ ^
fftElirSiyQa ranoherfa Ifl Ko<Atee-tah-ho-Te m 4m^ ^ AX prBsent and for some years pat
rancherla in the Tejon-Bakersfield region.
prsaeni ana xbr s<»Be years pst, this is the only iSiP
r, y . J -XT
■f^'^'
5.'
v1
^'
%
* '■ »:
■#.
*»
^
^ i J: '^.^C^V
I. -■
I
6. OoBaoo
cheria. Tribe Tol^chln-ne or Hniawah /
IShoshon^aBj
(in the nountaine). Tribe
At foot of »oun tains at head of narrow talley (firs
creek and ranyon RS of Tejon Canyon). In Too«lol^Hiin language: The Place is Ko-koo'-kow The Benoberia, K(/--koo-kow tah^^ahl'
.i
•-vf,-
■'.V'
8. On or near heed of Nawi:(Wah [Shoshonean]. The people call themselyes Nv are not sore than a subtribe of the Tehaohapi stock
In Ak^ke^ke^taa ( HaD*^e«-nat) language:
^
^
■.■?!
:*■
'>v'
.Htr.
'■* . r
tali«-ahl
'-^•■
%''-
In Tin'-'lin-ne language;
I
■Si-
.) ■-•
/I ^^,1 •: (I
The place is Kfilit-il-lii or Kf-too-ll^h. The tribe vas the same as at Tejon
(• ■ . .) ■
0 aiid
^;;^-iV'
A^ I
■* V''
Ik* ;''v-
The place is Hi-hin-ke-ah-re /
The people, Too-tse-am (or Teot'-se-aa), which obTiouSly is an abbreviated form of Ah-koo~JFbot-se~am -—the name for i^ the seme tribe in Tehaohapi Valley. ■»
f.
■'-/<■.
'ik_
-■>••' ■»■
tlley
« «,
.■•«
• ' , V » J-
^t-
- iV^' ■
V-*;
«A '^-^
-?>> ■'»
Tribe Toobotelgbela«
J- r ^-i
****'*■
^; '.'
k\<f*'
7. Tehachapj 7al
:' It
Ow^wah-toM NttWwehrShi
■-%
The toqlolmin call the Kern 7alley place and people
.1 /
• I*:'- .'.'A ,*»< Ti''i -•",■•«»■«'
'<>
Wah-tak-nas-se*
Hear 'Old Tom*, about two and § half to thrsa milit west of prepent town of Tehaohapi, in d on floor al.^wa3^0gijmr'^-^'
\fi ■ .i -'
f*^i> '. v;'-
A
, .-I,;. • ■<
-.-I-' -s
:!>■■. ^•'i;'>^^-.;.
.'.'.''>.
A!
■ ■A
the creek* In their own language:
The place (Tehaohapi Valley or basin) is T^-hf
.••:-.t ..^
''^..
5--',
■ f-
leyre
lais can lie lerh talley Indians Tn-ra-pe-a-tam (or
-toii-ban-dao
nah
:-\
— /.
Ruvavah
:•%,;:;*>..
'f:-.^
'■' *■, V
•■-\
li
*•;.-
i „i
■■■■" ' • ''-jI;'''' : ,• '
' -'*'''""'«'-''i«^^''*'
1
m
"*• ' } '■
* ■' \ .
»■.-■■ V .'^
Tg~yah->pe-^"tpi1 meaning Pine-nut eaters, and that the TongTS froiSah Gabriel call them lflrifl^ifih=lit.
mmb9T of tl
,..*■■•?'.
>tJl '
me several years ago thct the namo of the tribe Is in his
The tribe, Ow-wah-tum
■>t
.••* *;■, -^ "I.. , s. \',^ .
-.-h
'■*■. ''
:.V'
' V.
At the Tejon, the pammenat and Too^lol-min call their tribe Ah-koo-toot^se-am and usf broad enough to include the s
>*:--.;.,> ,,^:},.^ -•'^-....:V
•«-■
age In-:
:fi£Li
•-«•- .;♦•
and Piute l^ountain*
f*%;
.»
»."■
■'i'-t .
*t'
j
> 't
V
■■f.
■^-v
y>^i.
^
■J
■'^
e-iii.
•■'^'/-fe'' ' '■'• ^*
j^|rs« Hosemeyre says that the nase of the tribe in their
language is Par^-latf^we^'^-e-yam aid that they were called tie same Biiae by the »Serrano». Their Imguage she says is
r. "" ,''.♦'•'. I
i3!'msm^,\M
♦ «Lsr »^
1 Named Comanche Creek from a Comanche Indian liiiKsame In withf'i band of sheep in the early days* Hi fttacked his companion, a white
man. with a knife and the white man killed him withhia kniff^Hf if r i^^^^v^Tk^^*^ buried
dliimm^ from all the others.
\'' „"1 f
» 1
f
^H.
N
II* Bakerefield. Tribe Yotelaanne [Yoknt], 4
In Too-ia-*in and liflrli5=52. the place and people are .oalled
p8i-la-y8»-«e
The tribe is Yowelnenne^
-\
Mrs. Bosemeyri toid li that the •Serrano* call *«» ^ place and people 1^fitch-.ab-mi<^^-ko>pe>S-tam, which neana v^. "the place where the water comes from", fhese people ferf^
■ ■■■■■'%
Tularanos of the
Mexicans*
» \ ,
..'. TK*.
12. KflinJfllUl (now dry) [-1st Lagnna]. Tribe Too=lgtfiia [T?^| J : In :their oil langnsg^ (Too-lol!^iP. same as at ?ueM Viste Ia|||
■. .• ■ ■■■*■■•' •■«•■ ■...•.. " . ".. ■ <«'•-.;*' - • ■ •^-: " '■"■'■.■■• ■ ' ■• , l." . .■ . " r ■', ' ;
i<^'
■'*•• '.;f-
>■;. *':#^
,Vv
^e place is Kah-wc ^,^.^^^^v^. ; ^^^ The rancheria, Ah^kahtke-kah^w» The people, Kah-we-chah-ahtch The tribe, Too-lol^iii|i
. \ '
'\ . "^^
»-■■>• <.
,.■*
''■-' '"'■', .. .?1> J,
" ' >-"■, .'^j-.'=',A' lV^'^'A.•■?- .■4'' ■ ."'■ >'.''. , ', "•' <"'''.,■.. ' '1 rW/W''"/
■ 1-
.^■:?. ->'
* > * ■ \
,^, :,.,
'V r,V
1 .♦ ■ . •..-■■ ■(■■•■■ '*.' •¥ .. • -.
.■..>■ t'
.s' y '
iLexn Lake is
' *i'>«v t'?,'* 'V
Hal«-iow or pal^-lot -^e name ot ji^ H^ dew» or ♦ BC^pei off the cane (Phragnites) which gi^f there
■I, v" *■■■.„■ .'''i.:'-v '*'\i, •'-!(•■•» 'M.
■•■• ■ f-. ■•-•,'. ■ •'■'■' .-X ■^'' i.*^"''
;'f'
abondasee*
/■• •,•
...I" •=■!,.
•...?>%•■■ ■'^•
"t ... 'V
. <,
t -^ • ■ ^ .
-•» ■■, t
>!•■.
)V
r >
• ^
■* V'
■'^
■rX"
■ Jl...
< >
?"
« '.;
»■ Vf
'.y
•-ii
>■?■■•
V "/■
• I..
/^i'.' >.
'<V.
*• ' *;'i'
' tV'
■,'•.%■•
'■■>
/N
■• ■■■■■■'■■ ^<' -^.v,;-; ''. 'T-'JIl'^-'" '■• '-t" V'*'^-' —^ ^ ■" ■•.■■■' i-' ■■< ■
%\l
^K
• ,• ■ ,,.,•.., ,,, • • ' ■■..^. »' ■■!, V -^ ' . \, ' «. -VjI ■ ' - . .^ .,,"♦ ,•..''' - T^- ■■••>.• • ••, .i .V ... • * ,<• ■ «■ ■ Afc '•»■ - ' ■'•„ ■ , • ■■■'■ ..'v • •'*:'.- 7,
•:*^->;^'.
i.>^^-'. . .■■■
\\
-'. ^':*','t.."...f^«>
'* a'
^:"'*.^ >:^:><.- ■•vi:-'-..]-^.
\ir.;'~
l?
■3:
J" '•
'-' ■■-'',.?■..»'">>
•• »■
'i
X *i'
./
13. Baena Yiata Lak» C-2d Laguna]. Tribe i^oo^lolHnin [Yokiit]. In their own language (Too-lol*nin);
';;
* .A in . .X
\^y-'' ~*.
!!>..'.■
» 1
The place is Too-luB<!-ne
The rancheria, ih4cah-ke- Too^lm-ne
•• • ■ * ,- 1
•.': , '»■■■-• ■'•/>'.. ■■
The people* Too-lum^ne Chah-ahtdx (or ih-kah-ke Joo-luB-ne^
ohah-ahtoh) The tribe, Too-lollmin (or Too-lcl-Min-nah)^.
»•
I.. .
. f^
• ••• 'it, - > i«"'
' t ''.
-.•■ '■*Sr^_" W
'■^^'
4j^-
v --r",
,:'t- .:.
■'r'
The Tin-lin-'ne also call the place Too*1im-ii« and the
-.i'
tribe Too-lol-min*
.fr-
V.f.
'< '/;•
.^J rT •* ',
' A.""*'
',V*.* »* •* vf"
The San l^igdio (Tash-le-poon) Indians likewise oall the
place Too-luB-^ne , bat call the people Hool-koo-koo Too-lum-netf'"
Gooaa Lakf
tribe
■■Wt - '■-■ '■ , l»^" ■'■■ * -'- ■ -. li ' * ' • .
•l
In Too-lol^in language: The place is
-we
The rancheria, Ah~kab*ke Sho* The people, Sho'p kah-»«e onah-fi ^i^in-^lin-ne language:
P^...:^ •;<>■•. ^■•
;;• ■ ■;!'*:^-^^ K-^/ '.^:i^' i-'-i-^v
they call them8el#i^:^a:r||^{fite>^^
7 ,■ ^ ■ V /. ., ':^. :\,; i /•^ ;\ --^. ■;'-,..■ :^':.<f..::^''^ Ki.:i:Y:::''-'%:'^'^^ vrn^r^^^*^*
•Serrano^ call the« Too-nah^e^ahi^ ^''^
"•;.; r/
1
A
ilccording to Mrs*
«
!Soo-l8m-8-yaffl and the
Too-lol-ain old loaan HlBncj' sats tii#j vers TOo«»lor«Bin — sme as her ovn people; karia Via Boal *ho speaks TiqLlin-ne sajs thoT spoke Tinlinne or Yowelnanne^ jrhile Urs. Hoseae/er says their langnage differec*
■V--;' ^^
■«•^■
♦■: "
•-♦.tw.v .
-.0 •4
ti
••\
W»' ....... ^ J
l"f^.
.•r
<. »
i -;^
:-<'..,.,l.
/v. """O -
■■4: J. ■
15# Pasto Bio (11*12 miles south of west fro« Tejon Ranch house t beyond Las Tunas)* Tribe CTongTa']. l^ Too-lel-ain lagtege:
w
The piaci ii Cht-p9-^V9^00
The rancheria, Ah*kAh-ke Che-po-«t-oo
■*\.
•v",>X-.^,v,'' .y i'' V- '■
,j <•.'-
.r
•• V. - ' Vv
-%
The people* Oh#-po-ve->oo toi-chah-ahtch*
, *
',",■.> "•'•■*
/--. •
"X^,
Old 7adeo ^KeliTod there ssTeral years says the tribe
*' ', 'J.
. ^' A.
saDid as the Indians at San i^emando (iho came there).
•y ,'■/■
... * .t '
16. Canada de las Thra^ (or Gajon de las IlTas). Port Tejon Canyon*
. »**"
:S«
.•v.*' •^■.'
^^Sf^llfi^^^^^^^^^^ rancherle IBS at the aotith ef the Canyon and was a
•■%. !*
v^-, ...
roe
angtiape:
■^-v'
\ ,
Th^fii^iBHiV Ih-kah^-ke I^-pen
^t^iai-?ife2!htf "li^ptf r tilSi^iDt-ia^oi ' cha h^ht ch
.»,■'■' . ■..'!,■'-<'>•;■•<-.•'>''■••' ■ IB* .-.w '* • « •* A ^M«
'-♦ C
"^.•1
•» H-
"^^Hl^ Thlr^ribe, £as>tak CChunash] (same as at Castac Lake and nearly
"It-'-- A ' ^' .V
^^^^-saae af*l^ntuJ«).-|::
*, •'*
6:
'.»>'.■
^'-^^^ji^' Tinliin^ne language the place is LiS-pow and the people
y •
V,-
■\
' a<'-
V,
"*^--r.
*..
J
/\
^ • .
(3
17« Kas-tgk (at north side of Castac Lake). Tribe Kas-tik [ChuMflb].
In the Too-lor-ain Iffgoage:
The place is Sahs' (neaning ejea ) The rancheria, Sahs' ah-kah-ke The people, Sahs' toi' ehah^htoh
■!(•■
\ V ,
c- . .
-J
c
The tribe, Kas-tak (alnost the same as the Ventuf<i)# In their 0 ID loiguage thev call thenselTes Sah-8a->Bahn-nf
The Spaniards called them Castanos.
ISTacg
nxfijjL (2 or d miles west of Las Uvas or Fort Canyon)
.;*v_i^^i»i.;
-.Vik-
Tribe Kastik [Chuna8h]s8C)e as at Castac Lake and south cf Las Urai
■~ ■ CanyoB^-'^'' '
•^n the Too-lornnin Imgueger ,•:•....•,■ a ^; :.;r:-.?.'^^^^^^^^^^^^^
•ft-!:-
I
The place is T5-.koo-e (or Ta-koo-yu) The rancheria, Ah-kaH-ke Ta-koo-yn The people, Ta-koc/-yu toi-chah-ahtcji
■fv
_.-• _ -J . V.J,
■■•1.
'.-fy'
V > ^' f
vL'.
•/.
•>:
■ : ir ■
.^■I*'-
!j^
It-
■^•
■'^ . "^.,
In the &igdio (Ohumash) langoago the people are Hel-kocUk#i|ip I3
T^^koo-e#
•\'?e^--
.•i- :'''^^pi^y:^ ''" ■^''k -%::•'•■' ■■''■?-- -V'X. ■■
r'-" i••■>-
■''■^rJ
•w/
19- San Knigdio* Tribe Tash-le-poom Koo^koo [Ohumash] In their owi language:;;
•■••¥ 1,
■-■''• '■' '^tl
■"'i . *!/
7/'
. !femploa ; Tribe Too»lol~nin [Yokut] In their own languf^ge (Too->lol-min): 'gg^ is We^h^i-ling-al
f file rai^haria, Ahl^kal^ke We^h-wi-ting-al The p^iopie, We-ah-wi^ting-al chah-ahteh The tribe, Too^lolnnin (same as at Buena Vista and Kern Lake).
; ■- -^ 1^ ■/■••■-■ ' ' -.■
V - .J ■ V ■
'■•'.-:■ •; .■ ■■ .:■ ■■ . ■
4 neighborii^ ranoheria (exact site not known ey me) was called
The place is
'* -...
-Je-poon
X
K""" ■' ■-■' '. »'^- ■■>■■■■•■ ■■•■S.I. ■■^•.■^^■fv- ■^'/■•■felt'r,-%.
The people, TashHle-pobB'Koo^koo '
'.•'<
ri '
>• .,
;=^ ■
The place name f!&sh-le-poom or tash-la-pobm) has been adopteilP by the neighboring tribes; Too-lol^itjftiitiin.nsr'and HaafeenatJlli
'• '-' •, '
,-^".
-%'■■<
» ''■^tv- t\*' '''jJv ■'!'',
In the Too«>lol-min language:
The rancher ia is Ah>kah-ke Tash'-le-poom''
■» . - . • ■
The people, Tash-le-poon Chab-ahtch
';v '.<.....■
* * • ■ ■ •
The tribe is closely related to (if not the same as) the Santa Barbara tribe (Chumash).
<f«:
1tah^p»*et by both the Too-lol-min and Tin-lin-ne.
..A-' 'M
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INDIAN TRIBES FOUI^D BY ME AT THE TEJON IN NOV. 1905
'/■'■
' ■'»» .«■ ■ '
rwi»4,:>''.
.'rt;.
1. Tol-cliin-ne (or nin) • Tejon Canyon Rancheria (at mouth of •:!#
;ji£*^1?^^^^
■fr':
r-.'
.?*'"
St-.
Tejon Ganyon--same place where all the Indians live now) . ''Mi'^-M Closely related to New«oo«-ah Chemeweve.
New- 00 -ah. " Tribe in mountains f rom(£iute^ Mt^tc Tehachapi Several here, but language so cloi
■***:.' , • ■ *,■■• .
• • ■ • . ; • :*.^ . ■■..•■■■■,
two are only subtribes at best, ;/
"•■ ' ■■'1
v/
3.
/
. ■.■ .*-.'■■. .'...:. " " ■ • •'^' ••-- .-'•■■ • . , ■, -/»i-:rf--:«»*^Sjt'i -'"• ■
I :■ ,. /.•■ -.v. ■•■ .■ :■ : ■'^.. . ■•' . ••■-.:•-" - .. -...^^-v..v^' ^,.-;^,tw"^^v&:^"^^'r^'^«
_ V .'.■■ '^'^^'\'/, ■■i'- ■-'"<. \ ..'■■!'■'■;- •--^> . Vv- ^-;^ftM
Ke - tah-nah-m"' wits. A Serrano tribe cojmonly called Wj^
, • - .'.'"'■ ■■"■<■'•''■''•,■■ V*' --t^ '•*''^'-'''' ■ ■ '-"'■■'-'■ *i ''■''* j''*' 1
selves and others by the nicknazne Ham-me-nat. which in. their
.■,. language means "what is ' it'*.^-' ^ .: Also" called Ak-ke-ke-'tairif ISSm;. .
Their proper naane for themselves appeai^si 'to'^lJe "Ke^tan-nPtfiy'''
f
.10 '.,.■.
moo-kum". Used to live at 'ElMonte* on Tejon Creek, "'S pi' miles below the Tol-chin-ne at mouth of TeJ(€ Cai|rol/ ■- *^-^
ir^-r:<t:^^. '...r!K':^.::^v'^^f:'§^: :-'^
t 'nv.
^»5-v
.. .,■•-■!■'- ■■: .-• " 5./... ■ -■• • :si?'w^'V'"-'.-^i'' ■
Too-lol-min. Tokut tribe at Kern and Buena Vista Lakes »?ISSI*^
—■I mt
"' %
. *■ ■•■'« ■
'.•'::/'
* . ..?•-
'. '< .■■■..-;.,■ .^►f^yv. ;»^-,- : .,
:.• .... '••'!.'.■,-'>;*.... • .. -V'
i|l'PTin-lin-ne. ( The Te j on pr ope r) .
• '. '■-,. '••'. ':,'■" ^ ' .■'•y:^ ■"■■ y ■"■•.'*■■',. .. - ' -VV:' ■'■»..■■'■*' ••^>''<^r ■■
' ■ ■ ■■ . . ,■• • .. • -' .■ . ■':< .' ..<■.-•.■■, ■•■ . '-."S^-^i^ :■
Yokut tribe, same as Yo^f-
''-,«V
jfmp-':
mane. Rancheria Tejon Vie jo ('Old Tejon'), on Ranch Cflek.
«:>,
■f.
7 -fi'^V'^'^
■. : ••■■" ■ •:"'■ ■■' ■f* 'v^^' '^•'^^•
-If^pfom. ."i-Chumash tribe at San'Emigdio. Closely "re latet!
1^^^ n^ J. _ -n i^^-^i^ m .■■■.:-->>-•. -^v'*--' •■: r .f.. V/-.. - . - . - ■■••:■•■ ■■■-,. t*^. */-.■-■ ■,. ,^ .,..'*^^^,>i'^
..^^:^-
Santa Barbafu GhMiiasH%
|f'i^#f« .^^ Tripe iormeriy an uanuenga ana Tenuoiga
>va of San Gabriel.]
V- ... ..■ .■ -; '^^■'■■fc
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[Close
■'* ,<■ ■ %■■* • ■• ,? *• ■ " ■
• -: "■ ^- ■i.•.v;**f• ,-. .;■■■ ,*.'t..-'.>M .■
■•/ J. <^S' **>/*■" "V-.,
^MKas-tak." Chumash tribe at Castac Lake and at mouth of Uva# (or
K:^^M^.-v^-f-:^rt) Canyon, 'Very closely related to Ventura tribe. At 'S^^^■£^..:^^l:0,^ they called themselves Sa-sa-man-ne> [Chumash]
^Tsn^-va. Trii)^ formerly at^,San FernandoC Same as San Gabriel
Tiyjt^r Wah- CT'-nas- sW. Tribe in Kern Valley near '"Kemville«,.XTu]
botelobela]
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INDIAN TRIBES FOUND BY ME AT THE TEJON IN NOV. 1905
t.
1' *^'^ ■
>-^ .
V ^ '.
i.
' > ♦
(or nin) ^ Tejon Canyon Rancheria (at mouth olf
hi
oh Canyon— eame place where all the Indiana live liow*
'■i\
:* ii/
;<
> -■..- .^ .-f • • •
Closely related to fJew^oo^ah Chemeweve,
a
'■f''
,"^' ■>*•■
New-oo»ah. Tribe in mountains from Piute Ht. to Tehachapi;
'y
H
. »• ''
..■*'\^j>'
>:'i
Several here, but language so close to Tol«chin«ne that the
tr y
two are only subtribes at best
- * • ^ •'' . ■ y . ■ -" ;- < »'V '••1 ■ * «•■' » ■■' •j*'
•->.'-
2* JCe«tah-nahHn^wits> A SeiT^o tribe coniibnly ca.lled by
.'♦
'J
:f ■"
-r*'
..!.!•
and others by the nicbiame Ham«me»hat. iriiich ih;
. > ... ...-^■
V ;, - •*• ' ..- '. i
'A i ■■.:,;/
• ■.•; 'f^;
'■'^t.
>.'■
meishs "isftiat is it*.
•A .■
::^i
called Akr^go^r"^'
^.rr- •,:» vi^;^
'it'.
^ M):'
Their proper name for themselves appiirs t6 be Ke^tan-nlC^
^n.
■ ■^•
. )•',>
»A
^
-.'F,- ■; ■
'i*-'<i<^^j^';.^i^.t':' .'m.-,^..
V-
Used to live at !BlMont*? on Tejon Creek^ 2 or 2^^^
•.."•■■ V ' •'' ..;•■ .-':.. •■' ■.,.,.-■ ■■'. .'-;,:. . , ^,--> ■■ ■ -',• . " A^.•.■■1^■i"•i■-'^^r
tniles below the Tol-chin-ne at mouth of Tejon Canyon^i^4r?^%MS
moo^^m.
, - ^>.. *
3,
5
'. i'^-.f
>... «--.-,^^fi;v
"•>•* ' O:
'k\
\,,
■'.; Ik
■ - ' ■'■^: '
. IKbkut^ribe at K^rn and ^na Tisia talid
■•' ♦ ■ • ♦ ■ r. ■• I," •■- '■. ■ '* ■ ■ . . 'v'-^-,. ; '-■•"■■ - • : ■■■" '*'.: • -.. v '- ■' •
-V
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4.
-r;»-> v.^^^.-;.* •>;.--:.^^ •'••■;, ^ ^;:-'t V*^:'v':A
Tip^^n-pe
mm
(The Tejon propei^^i: y^kut tribe, same as Xojrei^wfUgf
4"^^^A\i.>,:»-
5.
Rancheria Tejoa Vif jo (•Old Tejon*)* r|»I^ Creeki^
. -v>fA- -.JJ.,
.<".
>r-<r'
• •>. V J.
€humash tribe €i,t San Ebigdio. Closely ri^lated
r:.^i;:
" ' '■ IR.
tb Santa Barbara Chumash^
f "'.
>'
■*%
6* {CsJirT^nr
^ . ■ '
tribe fomerly at Cahueng^ and
to Tong»Ya of San tJabi^fLJ
.'; ' .,' ■■ .'■.■• . / i v.; '' . i ■■•,■,> ■ «~ ."' .
■*>r
X Close
■■Mil, ■^' ^x^, >';/.>
'^/^J-i ■■ -
•^ .■^ ♦■'vv
■-'^■H'V;
?•
t .,»■■, ••■
.1 . • *■•■
ChuBmah tribe at Castao Lake and at mouth of Uvas (or
'•A
^ Jfort) Canyon. _ .Very olosely related to Ventura tribe
■ .: ■'■• :;^; / ■*'''-
At
»^ ,■-•.■•. : ■
8.
\'ft
Qaais/S^Jjai^^ ^ft^g^-a^-ne^-t .[Qtwrnaah] „i.^:jM.
' i?ribe fonuorly at San Feraando, «^ame as San CkwrielP
. Tribe in Kern Valley near KemTill*. LTubotelobelaj
■'^,j.'^''^»'-^f-t^'«-^* '-■■■■• ''*'*>^^^^ "
\m'.
'i.-:i-,:m^ :''"''
•.'•' i**.^*"**
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> :
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u
TEJON INDtMS IN ie$B
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Chiefsr^^
V ■-» . "",'.*' ■"• '^ ■• * '■''■ , " '' ' ' I ' -„- i' ■ ".--';>
.« • « . .'.U.V.*'' ' i % , ■!■■■ '■ \*
•;■•■ > V <■>, . ik'* .^v. , ;v'-.- .:■•■ ^•■-''..- ;-'■ ■,,
,^^v
'Xi*?
■^^ .•-^■^^>'5f^ "•^•V^^^'^ '■-•4M-1... :^;»-«* <^v«-^^s^^Nt ■? V -^ ■■ '■^^.■•
' ■■ ,k^
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■ 'it 'T ■■;.
T^7>^-3.-Os. ^X^^!! KjL^vyo^ xJ(^
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T^^ji^^!:::^:;^ ^ ^^ TcJo^^ 'J^-^c..^
^C>osh_Ux^a5U*. ^ C-3<- fc^llj^v.^^.^
^"^ lOv*>^(^'Vv^aK>\^
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a
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-ba
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lK,^U
•.Vc-^ } '•
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VS|cUt'v*^-k*.*v->v*.^
^
Mink Ct!i;^r5^)
Skunk
Wah-ke-as; Wah->kish Chawoii
Chipmunk Cottontail Babbit
-tah
i
INDIAN TRIBES (& UNGUAGES) AT TEJON NOV. 1905.
1. Tol-ohin-ne. Old Tejon Canyon rancheria.
Closely related to New-oo-ah of Tehaohapi & Piute Mt.
Z. Akike>ke^~tam (or Ham>me-faat ) . The ♦Serrano* of these mountains.
3. Too-lum-ne (or Too-lol-min). Buena Vista and Kern Lakes.
4. Tini-lin-ne. Tejon Viego. Supposed to be same as Yowelmanne.
5. tashzlezpoom* San Emigdio. Closely related to Santa Barbara.
6. Kah-'wen^gah. Cahuenga (nearly same as San Gabriel).
« ■ ■ ,
?. Kas-t&. Castao. Uvas, Toouya and Ventura.
8. San gemando. Same as San Gabriel.
9. yah-tflklnas-se. Kern Valley. Tubotelobela
10. 'Pomo'. Dkiah. *
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INDIAN TRIBSS (& UNGUAGES) ^T TEJON NOV. 1905.
.. vi
<
♦. '
*^'
<,!*.>.•
.T'')'
A
y,
1. Tol~chin^ne. Old T«jor. Cenyon rancherie.
Closely related to New-oo-ah of Tehaohapi ^- Piutt Ut.
2.
; *
Akikf-ke'-tsB ^or HaaHne-hat ) . The »Sarraiio» of these mountaina^^;
> : -*
: C ■
<■/•:
3. Too-lmtt^ne for Too-lol^rainn Buena Vista and Kern Lakas.
»v.
»" ' w
4. Ti°tlln-n.. T.jon 71.^0. Supped t, te sa« «
V ' ■ .
5. Tashrla=pooa. San aaigdio. Closely related to Santa
, , " ^ ' ' '- ■ , ■ , "
6. gah>wen«gah. Cahuenga (nearly same as San Gabriel).
lowelnen
-■^,-a
^t
■. ■ J.' ■■'■■»■■,',
■■■'«. -,t.' *♦ '■ ■'
> '• /-.h ^ ■* '.■■'■
■f.
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/•\ :-''^:.-i:'^'^
»t
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■'I'v ■ .r.v-
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7. Kas-tak. Castac, Uvas, Tocuya and Ventura.
8. San Fernando. Same as San Gabriel, >
9. y|«^>t»kLnas..8e. Kern Valley. Tubotelobela
>•■
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10. *Po»o ' . nkiah,
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Scale 500.000
A 6 8
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17 MILES
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Text Figure 1. — Map of Southern End of San Joaquin Valley showing type locality of Tejon group on Grapevine Creek (After Robert Anderson). , . ^ .^ ^
LEGEND
Qu3 ternary deposits
Later Tertiary
fbrmeittons
Tejon formation (Eocene)
Crystailine
rocks Chiefly granite (pre- CretacaousJ
(.>
vN \J\ Buttonwillow.
♦■Oil > im itiiiiiiit»i»i^i
T"
\
III I I VI r ^ I I I
\
IRSFIEIID:
(sunset O/fANCH) )
lll«ll»illit> 11 tr~
(C1
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\
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5' ^- 3 ' 2
3* 9 to :tl 12 V N
...:....: .... ..,..4*^
17 : t6 \i5\t* 13
20-21 ' 22 ''23: 2*
••■■'•• ■•>•• T- •••■■ 29 20.27 '2e 2S
.■•.*•*. ^ • ■ • / • • -• • • ■
J2-33'3^:3S3t i 1 «» i
I8<
\
Y/A
lente
\
\
i MT DIABLO [base ANP^ M ERIPtAN
SAN BERNAROiNO BASE AND
R22W
R21W
MERIDIAN '
Til
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12 N
TT
jU.
/
'R*\I7 W /XRI6W
.N
X^i
Tei on Ranch
/
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/
r&^.
T
\CO^
SanCmigdio Mtn ^^ i^y'/zy/ —
lAc
, . |*T«cuyaMtn -yi/.y.y.y»,y ^
LEGEND
\
Quaternary deposits
Later Tertiary fbrmattons
Te/pn formation (Eocene)
Scale sdS^o * fL f ^
Qrystatline
rocks Chiaflx
Iv granite Cretacaov
(pre- Cretaceous J
If MILES
Text Figure 1.— Map of Southern End of San Joaquin Valley showing type locality of Tejon group on Grapevine Creek (After Robert Anderson). , ^ . ^ .-^ .^
1)l<t,WtY«6Vv X^ Tr.a.CiA.Vv^.K<.eJl .^<\. M.L\. <tws-u,^ lb » \1 V^*
1^*-^
/ ^ // /
LEGEND
Quaternary deposits
Utter Tertiary rormattons
lefpn fbrmetion (EoceneJ
Crystmtline
rocks Chief/A
Ijf^rwmte
(pre- Cretsceou9j
Scale s6^Sbo
-1 2 J !£.
If MILCS
l>
Text Figure 1.— Map of Southern End of San Joaquin Valley showing type locality of Tejon group on Grapevine Creek (After Rdbert Anderson). , . ^ .-^ ^
Y^^
T Q_
r
^\
TEJON INDIANS BI TRIBES (BY LANGUAGES SPOKIN)
!• New-oo~ah (Piute lit. ) Tol-chin-ne. Juan Lozado and Dominga (wife
of Itozaris), Bamon Danas*
2.fPakan«pull (KernriUe) Angelo (Lozado ♦s wife J.Jose Sordo
BBh-tak-nasIee
TEJON INDIANS BY TRIBES (BY LANGUAGES SPOKEN)
1* New-DO-ah
(Piute Mt.) Tol-chin-ne. of Rozaris), Ramon Damaa*
Juan Lozado and Dominga (wife
2. (Pakanepull (Kernyille) Angelo (Lozado 's wife), Jose Sordo
Wah-tak-nas-se
3. Tongya (San femando) Rotario
3. Tongra (San femando) Roaario
4. »Pomo». (Ukiah) Luis Via Real
4. »Pomo». (Ukiah) Luis Via Real
5. fToo-lol-min (Too-luB-n«
(Buena Vista Lake % Kern Lake). Maria (wife of Luis Real)k
♦Nance* — ^fciaria Ignacio, Chief Miguel Leon
5.]Too-lol-min Too-lum-ne
(Buena Vista Lake & Kern Lake). Maria (wife of Luis Real),
♦Nance'— Maria Ignacio, Chief Miguel Leon
6.(Tini-lin-ne Yowelmanna
iiaria Via Real.
6JTin^lin-ne 'Yowelmanne
Maria Via Real.
7. fiiam-me-nat (Honte) Ak'-ke-ke-taa
Eugenia (old woman in Maria's house), Cardero, Jim Montes, Augustine (oli
Mariana.
Fernando ind man).
7. (Uam'-me>-nat (Monte) Eugenia (old woman in Maria's house), Femando
Cardero, Jim Montes, Augustine (blind man), Ak-ke-ke-tam Mariana.
8. Tash-le-pooB koo-koo (San Snigdio). Maria Ignacia [C^-niiash]
6. Tash-le-poom koo-koo (San fi&igdio). Maria Ignacia [Chumash]
9.
(Ventura) Bamon Hena, Jose Hena, Juan OliTas
9.
(Ventura) Ramon HelTa, Jose Hena, Juan Olivas
10. Cahuenga (Piru Or. or Lieyra) Badio. ^^^-UcUmj^. 9
11.
(Los Angeles), ^ntonio Auto tsajs he doesn't remember language.]
10. Cahuenga (Piru Cr. or Lievra) yadio^tba^VKC^-^^-MrVwC^.a.'^.l
11.
*(Los Angeles), -^ntonio Auto [says he doesn^t remember language.]
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SO-SO-NE OP EDBY VALLEY, NEVADA The So~3o-ne of Ruby Valley, northeastern Nevada, coiBtitute a rather small division of the ShQghPnee*
Their northern boundary they say is nearly coin- cident with the line of the Central Pacific Eailroad from Montello westerly, aM follows Humboldt River
to about Elko.
Easterly they reach to the Goseute Mts. and Cherry Creek; soutiierly to Eureka, Smoke Valley,
and Hanilton.
They tell me that a different tribe inhabits the NB corner of Nevada north of Montello and including Thousand Springs Valley. The name of this tribe my
informant does not remember.
(^ ^ y'^^f^ ^KtAA,^
SO-SO-NB Oy EUBY VALL2Y. NEVADA
The So-ao'.ne of Ruby Valley, northeastern Nevada,
oonstitute a rather small division of the
Their northern boundary they say is nearly coin-
cident \^th the line of the Central Pacifio Railroad
from Montello westerly, and follows Humboldt River
to about Elko*
Easterly they reach to the Goseute Mts. and Cherry Creek; southerly to Eureka, Smoke Valley,
and Han: It on.
They tell me that a different tribe inhabits the
N£ corner of Nevada north of Uontello and including
Thousand Springs Valley* The name of this tribe my
informant does not remember
. -^.IH^o.-^^wic-^
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iMriean pot8Mtioii»«lh«r« •tiU roBiU, for iriilok tho Ihiiloa Statoo la ■enllj voapeaaiU^ to tho IndiflB lriboa» M|100»280 aoroa vhicli at tko lew oToraga rata of 90 aonta par aara aanid
aMnrt to Il8»a90» 140| and
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haa baaa done the Indiana of Calif omia ia that wa ba?a oaafia* oatad thair laada. drivan tltoa iata roaoto and iahotpitaUo porta of tho Stata« doprirod th«i of thoir natval food, iapriaaaod
VERSO
Merritge 5 Poly cany MesFfiCree of Indic'jp.s MappscTTp of Vihites
dicines " Medicine I^en-.-oofe also ->hcman
s
\
Migre
tl\D
I- i)istribution
\
Miscellaneous, Ctlif. Mis ce llaneo u^. Non-Cc 1\^. Mission Tribes
?^-Q T*^-
Mono J.. .See; §^9a ' Mortars.. .See a' Mor tus ry. . • Sos
Music end oonks
Monacha...3ee riutal.i;S in safe
logy file
ion; Oorenonies
Mounds. ..See also irch^olo^ file
Munmies
Museums :k ''ollfectionB
Mythology... See separate file
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