Jli % ^i PubfishGd Mont% JAN. 1912 "^ ▼ ▼ DETROIT MICHIGAN ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR Friction Transmission Self Starter Five Good Models There is a Cartercar for every need of the practical man and his family — four, five and seven- passenger Touring Cars, Coui)c and Roadster. Tn these models are all the latest improvements in the au- tomobile world, and also the Cartercar features which have given satisfaction to thousands of drivers. For 1)usincss needs, the Car- tercar is speedy, always ready and always reliable — and for pleasure it is luxurious, easy to drive, and with plenty of power to travel any roadway without jolting or tiring the occupants of the car. The patented Friction Trans- mission of the Cartercar pre- vents waste of power and is so simple and reliable that it is recognized as the most efficient form of transmission. It gives an unlimited number of speeds, adapting the car especially to country use. TIic Chain-in-oil Drive is ai)- solutel)' noiseless, and running in a continual oil bath, tliere is practically no wear on the cliain. Self Starter, Full Floating Rear Axle, Three Brakes, and man\- other features just as good, combine to make the Car- tercar the ideal car for every- one to drive. The self-starter makes it very easy for ladies to operate. The man wlio drives a Carter- car has more time for business — both he and his family get more enjoyment out of life — and he finds that his car is one of tlie best investments he ever made. T^et us send you complete in- formation. Cartercar Company PONTIAC, MICHIGAN. THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW The articles by Geo. B. Howe, mentioned in the December Review, will begin in either the February or March issue. The announcement that this series of articles was to be run has caused considerable interest, judging by the letters I have received. In order not to miss a single issue you should renew promptly, as I can make no guarantee of furnishing back numbers. I am well pleased with the way my subscribers have renewed so far. GEO. B. HOWE, Black River, N. Y. Mr. Howe needs no introduction to Review readers. Hia success in breeding a strain of honey-gatherers is too well known. It is not unusual for him to get 200 pounds of comb honey from a single colony. Learning how to breed up this strain cost him much time zmd money, and now he will tell in detail, in a series of articles to appear in the Review in the spring months of 1912, just how he does it. You can't afford to miss this series, and you may, unless you renew right now. I pledge you my word of honor that if you will read the Review for 1912, you will feel well repaid for the Dollar invested. E. B. TYRRELL. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW No. 1. — We have some extra back copies of the American Bee Journal for each month of 1911, and so long as they last we will send all these copies and to the end of 1912 (to a new subscriber) for only $1.00. This makes two years for the dollar. Better send in your dollar at once, and take advantage of this offer. It surely is a big bargain in bee litera- ture that you should accept if not now a subscriber. Why not order today? No. 2.— We have had Mr. C. P. Dadant revise Newman's "Bees and Honey" book of 160 pages, making it now nearly 200 pages, with over 150 illustrations. It is called "First Lessons in Bee-Keeping." Just the book for beginners. Bound in strong paper cover, with brood-comb illus- tration. Price, 50 cents, postpaid ; or we will send it (to a new sub- scriber) with the American Bee Journal from now to the end of 1912— all for only $1.00. Sample copy of the American Bee Journal free. Address, GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 117 N. Jefferson St., Chicago, 111. THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW Be A Po^er Owner Talk It Over With Your ^ Wife SEE whether your wife doesilt agree that it's unwise to keep on paying wages for farm help, when this low-priced Perfection engine will do the work of three hired men. This standard Perfection kerosene portable engine is built in De- troit by experienced automobile engineers, and along lines conceded by experts to be correct. The Perfection can be operated on any engine fuel, but it is the only successful engine that can be economically run with ordinary kerosene. With gaso- line prohibitively priced (.from 6 to 16 cents more than kerosene) due to the great automobile demand, yc 'U will at once see the saving this Per- fection engine is to the thousands of owners all over the world. Principle of Standard Perfection Is Right WTien we adopted our present design of engine construction, knowledgethat we were riglit in all our convictions— the Perfection kerosene portable farm engine is standard in every particular and detail. In theory and practice, this engine is absolutely correct and re- liable. The Perfection draws the kerosene in a light mist through tlie carburetor, discharges it into the cylinder vaporized, and having the same energy as gasoline. K'rnsriie trill start in a cold cijlindtr and iroi ks liiif 'n a hot one. Try this Perfection engine FREE lor IS days— see It worit with your own eyes — call on your dealer today or write us direct and receive our big Free Engine Book. If you are in doubt about the kind of en- ine to buy, or the quantity of power you require for the amount of work to be done, simply write your questions on a jiost- card and mail it to our Chief Consulting Engineer, andyour questions will all be an- swered absolutely free. Our staff of mechanical, marine and stationary engineers and designers will tell you everything you wish to know about any engine made. Before you buy any make of engine, write for free information. Let our engineers tell you how tomakea cheap transniissi<-ii lay-out that will help you to run sev- eral machines at one time with a single engine. Address your postal like this: — CHIEF CONSULTING ENGINEER, 307 Second Ave., CAILLE PERFECTION MOTOR COMPAN r, Delron, Micfi. lid M nith the positive Free Information Bureau For Remelting Honey use a the I —the K.\DIA>T -STYI.r-Heat tal radiators a few minutes only imprisoned heat cooks the food. n elrnil Tireless Heat the plates just the right temperature. Put them in the cooker. Put in your pails, glasses or botles of candied honey. Xo need to remove the labels. Shut up the cooker, and your honey is melted with no attention, no danger of over heating, and no muss. MAKE YOUR WIFE A CHRISTMAS PRESENT She will appreciate the saving in fuel, time and labor, and you will appreciate the better cooking. You don't know what rolled oats taste like, if you haven't eaten some cooked in a Detroit Fueless. Put them to cook the night before, and find them all ready for breakfast the ne.xt morning. In cooking meat the flavor is all sailed. You couldn't buy a better Christmas present, and then think of our pf'fifk TflSlI ^"^■f'ff^f* -^"Detroit Fireless " will be '. * ^^ 1 1 Id! Vylld sent vou on 30 days' trial; will pay for itself in the first three months. Write to-day— get our handsome catalog and this new offer. IlElrnillirElEss Stove Co. 120 JEFFERSON AVENLE, DETROIT, .■WICHIQAN "If goods are wanted quick, send to Pouder." BEE SUPPLIES Standard hives with latest improvements. Danzen- baker Hives, Sections, Foundation, Extractors, Smokers, in fact everything used about the bees. My equipment, my stock of goods, the quality of my goods and my shipping facilities cannot be excelled. PAPER HONEY JARS For extracted honey. Made of heavy paper and paraflfine coated, with tight seal. Every honey producer will be interested. A descriptive circular free. Finest white clover honey on hand at all times. I buy beeswax. Catalog of supplies free. WALTER S. POUDER, Indianapolis,lnd. 859 Massachusetts Avenue. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW H falcon ff Soon after the inception of our fac- tory nearly forty years ago, Mr. Fal- coner took up the manufacture of foundation. In all these years inuch time and money have been devoted to the study of wax working. From the old press method, from the dip sheet- ing process, and on down through various . systems and experiences we have passed, becoming masters of the art. Mr. Falconer's work has been along original lines and a process of manu- facture our own has been developed. No other process makes sheets more firm, mor perfect, or more acceptable to the bees. To keep pace with the ever in- creasing demand for our quality prod- uct, every year we increase this de- partment. Get Falcon Foundation of Falcon dealers everywhere. Sent postal for samples and name of nearest dealer. Don't wait till you need the foundation, but get samples now while you have time to give the matter consideration. W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO. Where the good bee-hives come from. Factory, Falconer, N. Y., or 117 North Jefierson Street, Chicago, 111. DR. BONNEY, of Buck Grove, Iowa, has been somewhat skeptical about much improvement being made in bees. He has taken the pains to write to leading authori- ties about it, and their replies to- gether with his conclusions will be told in The Review, beginning with this issue. - Renew promptly so as not to miss a single issue, for back numbers can not be promised. National Bee -Keepers' Association OBJECTS OF THE ASSOCIATION The objects of this Association shall be to aid its members in the business of bee-keeping; to help in the sale of their honey and beeswax, and to promote the interests of bee-keepers in any other direction decided upon by the Board of Directors. OFFICERS AND EXECUTIVE BOARD. President^Geo. W." York, Chicago, 111. Vice-Pres. — Morley Pettit, Guelph, Ont. Secretary — E. B. Tyrrell, Detroit, Mich. Treas.-Gen'l Mgr.— N. E. France, Plattsville, Wis. DIRECTORS. E. D. Townsend, Remus, Mich, Wesley Foster, Boulder, Colo. F. Wilcox, Mauston, Wis. J. E. Crane, Middlebury, Vt. J. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn, Annual Membership $1.50, one-third, or 50 cents of which goes to the local branch where such branch is organized. Send dues to the Secretary. "Griggs Saves You Freight." TOLEDO Is the best point to get goods quick. Send us a list of the goods you wish and let us quote you our best price. Z% DISCOUNT IN JANUARY FROM CATALOG PRICES HONEY AND BEESWAX wanted in exchange for supplies. We also handle Butter, Eggs, and all kinds of farm produce. Write us what you have to sell. S. J. Griggs & Co. Toledo, O. A'o. 26 Erie St., near Monroe "Griggs, the King Bee" THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW A MONTHLY JOURNAL DEVOTEDTOTHE INTERESTS OF HONEY PRODUCERS ^i.nn A f par E. B. TYRRELL, Editorand Publisher Office OF Pu BLicATiON - - - 230 Woodlan d Aven u e VOL. XXV. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, JANUARY 1, 1912. No. 1. Improvement of the Bee — The Present Status of the Question. DR. A. F. BONNEY ■^ AKING up bee keeping, I brought to the study of the little ^j animals a mind trained to study and observation, and it was not long before it appeared to me that there was a vast field ' srill unexplored, and as "Fools rush in where angles fear to tread," I began to pry into the secrets of the family .-l/^is. Failing to get results which would compare with other experi- ments in biology and selection and breeding, it early appeared to me that parthenogenesis was a disturbing factor, as is our inability to control mating in other than isolated stations. There are such places, but in them we find no natural bee pastures to tempt the bee-keeper. I saw such in the N. E. corner of S. Dakota last fall, a large stretch of country where a honey-bee has never been seen, as there is no clover and no trees. Finally I decided to get the opinion of students of biology, experimental evcilution, heredity and bees. Before submitting the letters I liave received, I wish to ol^serve that it appears to me less work has been done with the bee than any ^ other animal we know, for it was not until Father Langstroth had •^ made bee keeping a commercial possibility that we l^egan to think — of improving our breeds of bees, and all the efforts in that direction >j)^ seemed at first bent to produce a non-swarming bee. Later, atten- • tion has been directed to securing working bees of a good disposi- ^ tion which will be hardy in our trying climate, and while a few men. '") as Prof. Phillips, and others, seem to have secured results, the tact remains that about ninety-nine per cent of bee-keepers have failed 1 ^Y THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW to make any gains. Man has produced breeds of horses, cows, pigs, dogs and birds which breed true to type, but we cannot say as much about the bees, especially when it conies to that prime essential, "hustle." Is it due to parthenogenesis, or is it because the bees are wild by nature? Shall we find that Mendelism is a factor of study? Is Mother Nature, regardless of man's efforts, slowly and surely developing an American Bee, just as in the ages past she has giveri us the Italian ? To save room for something more important than what I think — for I believe but little — I here offer the correspond- ence between myself and men very prominent in their fields: — Professor W. M. Wheeler, Sept. 11, 1911. Boston, Mass. Dear Sir: — I wrote Prof. MacDougal, of the Carnegie Institution, who is, as you probably know, in charge of the Desert Laboratory, asking for information as to what we may expect to gain in the family Apis by selection and breeding. He replied : "* * * * ''^ I shrink from attempting to answer your question off-hand," and refers me to you. In the bee journals of late have been many heavy (?) and learned disquisitions a non-swarming, a long-tongued, and, laterly, an im- proved strain of bees, basing claims almost entirely on the fact that we have been able to add a couple of yellow rings to the original three on the abdomen of the Italian bee. Even an authority like Prof. E. F. Phillips, of the Department of Apiculture, Washington, says, p. 1.1:5, Bee-Keepers' Review, May, 1911, "When we see what has been done in breeding five-banded Italians we are forced to the conclusion that it is possible to change the bee by breeding. If we could but devise a method for control of mating, progress would be more rapid. The five-banded bee did not exist in the days of Sam- son's exploit with the Leo bar-frame hive, and it is probable that before as many centuries pass again some further changes in the bee may be seen." I am ordering a copy of this issue of the Review sent to you, that you may see the article from which this is copied. I have always been of the opinion that the bee is the most highly specialized animal alive, and that all progress, change or improve- ment ceased ages ago. If I am wrong in this, I wish to try to de- velop a strain or breed of bees which will be good honey gatherers, reasonably gentle, and hardy in this climate, but so long as it is not convenient to control male parentage (though in the Dakotas, where I lately spent some time, there are millions of acres which never saw a bee, treeless, flowerless plains where mating can be controled perfectly, I think), and a generation of worker bees is but forty (40) days, of a queen three or four years and a drone two or three months how may we begin? We bee keepers have been THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 9 importing- Italian queens for half a century, and so far as I can see we still have nothing but Italian bees, and so far as I can see can- not point to a single advantage gained, notwithstanding the claims set up by some writers. I am not criticizing belief, which proves nothing, but unsubstantiated claims. I want to know ; more for the bee-keeping world than myself. Is any improvement in the bee to be looked for, even if we can control the mating? Prof. 'MacDougal concludes his reply with : "Theoretically almost anything biological is capable of alteration, but how such an idea might work out practically with regards to the bees is a puzzling question." Is the bee biologically the dandelion of the insect world, a per- fect type? Any reply you may see fit to make to this letter will be thank- fully received. Respectfully yours, A, F. BONNEY. September U, 1911. Dr. A. F, Bonney, Buck Grove, Iowa. My Dear Sir: — Replying to your interesting letter of the 11th inst., I would say that my little experience with the honey bee leads me to believe that there is no inherent reason why it should not be capable of considerable modification through experimental breeding. I believe, however, that much headway cannot be made until it is possible accurately to control the mating of the queens and drones. Of course, if there are great stretches of country in which bees are lacking, it would be possible to obtain satisfactory results in the open. Mr. Wilmon Newell, State Entomologist of Texas, who was working with me here this summer, is much interested in honey bees and is endeavoring to make attempts along this line, that is, in crossing pure Italians with members of other races from hives very much isolated, so as to preclude the influence of stray drones of unknown origin. Of course, the honey bee is an extremely highly specialized insect but not more so than many of the solitary bees, and the vast number of species of the latter (probabh' some oOOO in the United States alone!), often very closely related to one an- other, shows that the group is still very plastic and probably un- dergoing active species formation. This is my main reason for believing that the honey bee is not a form which has reached the end of its development but that it may have a future before it. It is, of course, not impossible that someone may invent a method of artificially impregnating the queens of honey bees. So many very delicate operations have been performed on insects lately that we 10 THE BEE-KEF.PERS' REVIEW may look forward to something of this kind. In that event it would imdoubtedl}^ be possible to make very considerable modifications in the races of honey bees. I do not know whether these points are of any interest to you but if I have not made myself ])erfectly clear I should be glad to write you further. Yours very sincerely, W. M. Wheeler. [Dr. Bonney's letter to Prof. Newall was along the same lines as the one given above to Prof. AMieeler, so we will not reproduce it here. — Ed.] College Station, Texas, Oct. 20, 1911. Dr. A. F. Bonney, Buck Grove, Iowa. Dear Sir: I feel honored by the receipt of your letter of the oth instant, and the first thing I must do in replying is to express regret that I cannot give you the information you desire. I have been interested in bees all of my life but as to investi- gation of inheritance in the honey bee I have done nothing, so far, other than to study the problem and to plan for a few experiments. During this summer I spent two months at the Bussey Institu- tion, Forest Hills, Massachusetts, studying under Prof. Wheeler and under Dr. W. E. Castle, professor of genetics and experimental evolution. The information that I gained there relative to the methods of breeding led me to believe that it is possible to find out what characters in the honey bee are transmitted according to the Mendelian scheme. I will have to determine, first of all, what char- acters of the honey bee are really Mendelian and will thereafter have to find out by experiment just how these characters act in inheritance. Genetics, as you are doubtless already aware, is a sci- ence which has developed within the last ten years, and it is noth- ing more or less than the elaboration of the ]\Iendelian law. So far as I know, there has been practically no a])plication of genetics in the case of the honey bee, but the numerous instances in the case of other animals and insects in which characters are transmitted according to a definite mathematical plan, and the man- ner in which mutations can be fixed and made permament charac- ters leads me to believe that similar work can be done with the honey bee. The honey bee, however, presents, perhaps, a more complicated problem than any of those yet studied by the genetic experts, owing to the fact that parthenogenesis is involved. There is a very interesting general write-up on the work in genetics at the Bussey Institution in the July, 1911, Technical World Magazine, page 513. I am sending you my copy of this magazine under separate cover and would request that after reading the ar- THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 11 tide in question you return it to me. This article is of a very popular nature and therefore it is not absolutely correct in every respect from a scientist's standpoint. Another recent work which gives a very accurate and compre- hensive view of the science of genetics is entitled "^^lendelism," by R. C Punnett, published by ^McMillan & Company, Xew York, price $1.25. Another book, by Dr. ^^'. E. Castle, bearing some such title as '"Inheritance and Its Relation to Animal Breeding," is now in press by D. Appleton & Company. Xew York, and this book. I have no doubt, will set forth the principles of genetics and experimental breeding in as clear a manner as the book of Punnett's. If you are interested in work of this character I would suggest that you get these two books and though neither one of them will give you any facts regarding honey bees, they will indicate the gen- eral plans and principles which we must follow, or rather which we may expect to follow if accomplishing anything in the improve- ment of the honey bee. I have no doubt that distinct mutations occur in the case of bees as in other animals and plants. I have often wondered whether the first colony of long-tongued red clover bees were not really mutations in which an abnormally long tongue was present. It seems to be the opinion of bee keepers that this strain has largely "run out,' but I believe had the science of genetics been understood at the time the first colony of these was discovered the character could have been fixed and made permanent. 1 see no reason for not believing that mutations in the nature of color may not occur, and if they do occur I am satisfied that it will only take a few gen- erations of breedmg to make these color characteristics permanent. Dr. Bonney has taken much pains to get the opinions of authori- ties on this question. Possibly we have been expecting too much in the way of an improved bee. The article will be concluded in the Februarv issue. Boiling Honey Used in Queen Cages Not Sufficient. A Subscriber's Letter and Editor E. R. Root's Reply. A. E. BURDICK -•^Jl X Gleanings for September 1.5th. 1011, E. R. Root advises all ^11 queen-breeders to boil their honey used in their queen mailing cages, and conveys the idea that that is the one essential thing to do in order not to spread foul brood by means of the mail- ing cages, to the purchasers of queens, and further he is willing, in a measure, to vouch for all queen breeders who will take the pre- caution to boil all honey used in their queen mailing cages. 12 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Now I wish to say that no greater blunder could be perpetrated than to work from that standpoint alone. In order to make my position clear let us consider briefly the nature of foul brood. 1st, It is disease of the larval state of the bee; 2nd, it is communicable from one colony to another; 3rd, a specific bacillus has been iso- lated and proven to be the essential cause of American foul brood. In other words we have an infectious and possibly contagious dis- ease of the infant bee. QUARANTINE. Now on what basis do all civilized communities act in order to prevent the spread of infectious and contagious diseases? And what method alone has proven effective? Only one, and that is rigid quarantine. When an individual is quarantined because of some contagious disease only such persons, who, by virtue of special training, know how to render their clothing and person absolutely aseptic are per- mitted to see him. My contention is that no queen breeder ought to be permitted to mail queen bees or otherwise transport them who has foul brood in his yard or in his immediate vicinity. I will admit that queen breeders could qualify themselves so as to send queens from a foul brood yard without danger to the purchasers, but what are the essential things that he must rigidly adhere to in order to do so with safety to the queen buyer? First, he must know how to be surgically clean himself. He must know how to make his cage honey sterile, and how to keep it in that condition, and how to ren- der the cage, queen and attendants aseptic. Further, he must keep every tpol, object, container, and in fact everything, including the building in which he works, free from this bacillus larvae by means of heat or chemical disinfectants. It would take the special training of a nurse or surgeon to qualify for the place and queens could not be profitably handled under prevailing prices. There is only one safe course, and that is to quarantine all queen breeders who have foul brood near them. FOTTIi BROOD ON THE PACIFIC COAST. The season of 1910 saw foul brood for the first time in the Yakima Valley and I am informed that it is spreading rapidly over the Pacific States. The old adage that "an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure" is very pertinent in this connection. But if we blunder along with the fanciful idea that the queen breeder who boils his honey for his queen cages, with foul brood present in his yard has done his full duty we are closing our eyes to all that science has laboriously learned regarding the prevention of communicable diseases. Methods of preventing the spread of foul brood is of the greatest importance to bee-keepers, and the assump- THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 13 tion that honey alone can convey the germ is contrary to all facts relative to other infectious agents. Honey is not a good culture medium for any bacteria. The most that can be said is that its adhesive qualities would be likely to carry whatever bacteria found lodgment in it. GREAT CARE NEEDED. This fact can not be too strongly emphasized, viz. : that honey could be sterilized by boiling and five minutes later contaminated by careless handling in a place where bacteria were present. If it is to remain sterile every article wnth which it comes in contact must likewise be sterile. Hence it follows that it is well nigh impossible for' a queen-breeder with foul brood in his yard not to spread the infection if permitted to send queens through the mails, and here again let me repeat that our safety lies in having regulations analogous to quarantine enforced against foul broody queen breeders. Mabton, A\'ashington. EDITOR E. R. ROOT'S REPLY I have carefully read that article on page 56-1: of Gleanings for Sept. 15, to which Air. Btirdick replies, as well as the article above ; but nowhere in my article do I find a statement or set of state- ments that convey the idea (to me, at least) that the boiling of the honey for queen-cage candy "is the one essential thing to do in order not to spread foul brood by means of the mailing-cages to the purchasers of queens." On the other hand, I do find that I men- tion fz^'O essentials; first, boiling the honey; second, to discard candy that the queen came with, and use the push-in-the-cage-comb plan to introduce. We will assume that Mr. Queen-breeder boiled the honey he used for making candy, and then reinfected it. If the queen were transferred into a cage that did not have any infected candy, there will be small probability that the infection would be transmitted. Furthermore, it seems to me it w^ould be understood that any one who would feel or see the necessity of boiling the honey would, as a matter of course, take the precaution to prevent reinfection. AVhile I do not plead guilty as charged, I do n'lost heartily in- dorse what Air. Burdick says when he emphasizes the importance of preventing the reinfection of candy once sterile, and that no queen-breeder should send queens from an infected apiary. I wall join hands with him or any one else on this propaganda; and if I did not put sufficient emphasis on these two propositions, I thank him for the correction. But some queen-breeder, not knowing he had disease, might inadvertently send out infected candy; and hence the importance of boiling all honey that is used in making candy, and the importance, also, of not using the candy method of intro- 14 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW ducing. This, you see, friend Burdick, puts a double check on the possible spread of the disease through the candy. E. R. Root. [As long as we have bee-keepers we will have queen-breeders. Just as long as we have queen-breeders we will have some who will send queens from an infected apiary. I am satisfied that foul brood has been scattered more than we know simply through the queen business. Now the Review wants to go on record as saying that under no circumstances should a queen ever he introduced into a colony by using the cage she came in as an introdncing cage. If we can make it plain that the cage is dangerous, and then get after the breeder who has foul brood in his apiary, we can do much to check the spread of this disease. The danger of advising queen breeders to boil their honey lies in the fact that the inexperienced buyer is apt to think that precaution is all that is necessary, although I fully understand that Editor Root meant it as only an additional precaution.] 79,000 Pounds of Honey From 587 Colonies of Bees. OLIVER FOSTER ^"4 OUR request for particulars concerning the jear in which I V/ made the most money out of bees, reminds me that just now ^ my most vivid impressions are from the year in which I lost the most money in bees— the year just past. Pfowever, it is more agreeable to dwell upon and study the conditions of success than those of failure. A rummage through my old account books reveals the fact that the year 1900 was my most profitable year. I had 587 colonies Jan. 1, 1900, and ()25 Jan. 1, 1901, showing an increase of 66 colonies. They were located in five apiaries in Bent County, Colorado, in the Arkansas Valley. We have harvested 79,000 pounds of honey. All Init about 1,000 pounds was extracted. Wax was sold to the amount of $191.50, besides a lot that went into comb foundation. FECUIiIAR CONDITIONS. What were the peculiar conditions that enabled us to secure such a wonderful result? Well, in the first place, we had a good honey fiow, mostly from alfalfa and chome. The bees were worked on the same system as had been followed in the "Arkansas X'allcy Apiaries'' for several years before, and which has been practiced there by my successors, Clark and Wallinger, ever since. The bees were in ten frame standard L size hives, with an average of about three extra bodies containing nine combs each, for the surplus. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 15 SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT. \\'e will start with the colony in one story, which has served as its winter quarters. As soon as this is nearly full of brood, we lift, say half of the brood to the center of an added story above, filling vacancies at each side in each story with empty combs. This first move leaves nine combs in each story, spaced to occupy the ten-frame body, with the brood in the center of each story. At our next visit, or within two or three weeks, owing to con- ditions, having been the round of all the apiaries as above, we start around again, working that apiary that seems farthest advanced first, as follows : There is now more danger of the swarming impulse, which we wish to head ofif before it develops. It is also warmer weather and we can safely practice more drastic measures. From each colony that has its two stories nearly full of brood and honey, we set aside, upon a temporary bottom board, the upper story, then lift the lower story from its bottom and place it over the other ; place an empty body on the old stand and proceed to rearrange the combs in it by placing next, to the far side two empty combs, then two combs with brood from the colony, bees and all, then two empties, then two more of brood, then last, one empty comb next to the near side. The "empties'' are either dry or dauby combs from the storehouse or light and broodless combs from the colony. We then place on another body and fill it m like manner, and then a third body, or as many as the brood in the colony will furnish. If the brood combs do not come out even, we place two, three or five in the last body on top. and usually add another body on top of that to take whatever combs of honey are left, together with enough empties to fill out. TIERING UP. This is what we might call an extreme application of the tiering up and tiering out principle. Xo excluder is used. No attention is paid to the whereabouts of the queen. No bees are shaken. The colony is virtually divided into many two-frame nuclei, each sur- rounded l>y empty comli, and all under the charge of one queen and one colony. Any inclination to swarm is at once supplanted by the strongest impulse to restore things to their normal relation to each other, and to fill up the many vacancies throughout the colony, for bees, like nature in general, "abhor a vacuum." The queen abandons the upper and outer combs of brood, and selects a central location around which she establishes her future brood nest, while the bees fill with honey all surrounding empty combs, including those vacated b^- hatching brood. 16 THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW EXTRACTING. The next move is usually a round at extracting, after two or three weeks, when all the upper combs are well filled with ripe honey. However, if we are not ready to extract, and if we have a surplus of empties still on hand, we repeat the last operation, run- ning many colonies up to five stories. If their contents furnish more than five stories, we prefer to divide the colony rather than run it up higher. Much of our extracting was done after the flow. AA'e suit our convenience about doing it before. How and where was this honey marketed? It was all sold di- rectly to consumers or to retailers, and shipped by local freight from our station at Las Animas, excepting wdiat was sold at home. The details as to how this was accomplished will be reserved for another article. Boulder, Colorado. A Subscriber's Experience with the Italian Bee- Louse. HENRY L. JEFFREY ' ■ Jl RECEIVED my December Review on the 5 :30 mail this even- Jjl ing, and opened it about G :30 at page 339, and my eye caught the question, "Is there danger of the Italian bee-louse in America?" To use a slang phrase, "you bet there is," and there was way back in 1S81 and 1882. Several of us bee-keepers obtained imported queens direct from Italy, in the importing hives of that day and time, and we all bought the crabs with them, and all of the queens were infected. Each of us had from two to six of the queens, and each of us got one or more queens that were carriers of the red crai)s, and to reall}- enjoy the beauty of them you should have a few of them get onto your hands or into your hair and then you will know just how really good it is to have them in the apiary. A REMESV. Years before that I had been a tancy-poultry breeder, and by an accidental chance when I had been handling some setting hens that were alive with that little silver spider called the mife or hen- louse, I dipped my hands in a barrel of rain water near the hen- house door and found out that it was poison to the hen spider. So I tried it for that bee-louse and they could not live in it. Having them in my hair and on my hands, I gave my head a thorough soak- ing and got rid of them. Then I caged the queens and a few bees that had the spiders on them and drowned them in good style. Thev w^ere soaked in the water fifteen minutes or more. I then THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 17 placed them in other cages, although they looked as dead as dead could be, but in the warm sunshine they dried off and became as lively as ever. I then soaked some of the hives, combs, bees and brood with very satisfactory results. In other hives 1 caught all the vermine on thin narrow strips of raw lean beef. I know other bee-keepers who used good old-fashioned home-cured strips of raw salt pork with as satisfactory results. Another remedy that I found to l)e very good was to smoke the bees until they were apparently nearly dead, give them a good soaking shower bath with the watering pot, fill the hives with clear tobacco smoke, close . it up and let them come out of it at their leisure. Use no rags or wood to smoke either bees or hives. Use only clear tobacco. The stems of tobacco will answer. THE £GGS HATCH IN THBEi: DAYS. The eggs of the vermin hatch in three days, so on the fourth day give the second dose of tobacco smoke, and if properly done the vermin are done out also. I hastened to answer your article so you can use it to help the sufferers, and use it in the January Review. Not quite all of the bee-keepers of the "way back sixties'" are dead. I'm one of those kid-beginners who has seen just forty years of the bee-business. Woodbury, Conn. [I must confess that some of the remedies proposed above look rather strenuous. Catching the lice on the strips of meat look to me to be the most humane, if it only gets the results. I wonder, however, just how dangerous this louse business is. With the importations going on to such an extent it seems that we would have heard more complaint if there was much danger. However, it is well that we should know about it, and how to get rid of it if it does appear. As stated in the December number, it is a new one to me.] Using an Automobile in the Bee Business. ISAAC BALMER ^■^OU ask me to write you an explanation regarding those two V^ photos that I showed you at Toronto. The car is a 2-cylin- ^ der, 24-h. p., 5-passenger Jackson touring car. model D, ■$"?800. The body is fastened to the frame with four bolts which are easily removed. The body is hoisted with block and tackle in the barn and allowed to hang there until it is wanted for a little pleasure. A flat Lorry body is put on when required for conveying bee sup- plies to and from the out-yards. One picture shows the last load of planer shavings that I passed through Burlington with, on my way to the out-yard to pack my bees for winter. They are wintered 18 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Getting the Supers there on Time. lour colonies in a case in one straight row. In the spring" the cover, sides and ends are taken down and stored in piles until needed in the fall. The colonies are not removed from the bottom of the winter case, which is made of dressed flooring, nailed on to 2x-i scantling on edge. The other picture represents a load of extracting supers ready to leave home for the out-apiary. Thi*^ motor has power to take any sized load I have a mind to put on, l)ut it is not" safe to pile on more than eight or ten hundred ])oun(ls, for the benefit of the The Bees Need Protection. We Must Hurry with these Planer Shavings. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 19 tires, which must be always taken into consideration when loading. I made the Lorry body myself. I can hoist the passenger body, take off the Lorry body, or put it on alone, or change the one for the other, in less than half an hour. The advantages that an auto has over a horse is, that when using a horse for out-yards, a per- son is so long on the road and then if obliged to leave his horse so far away from the bees, that it makes a lot of hard work carrying everything to and from the wagon and very often wait until dark to do some work. An auto can be run up close, emptied or loaded any time of day. Burlington, Ontario. A Honey-House Arranged to Save Time and Labor. H. F. HART. '^^^ WENTY-FIVE years ago I had an apiary on a side hill. I L^ built my honey-house on the low side, making the floor in two levels. The extracting was done on the highest level, the honey flowing from the extractor and uncapping tank to a stor- age tank below, and when the honey had become sufficiently clear in the storage tank it was drawn off in barrels. These barrels were rolled out of the honey-house door direct into the bed of a wagon, and there was no lifting from first to last. j._V n\ \ a \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ :t v \ \ \ ,\ -y^^'yT^ N- \ \ The Wheel-barrow Brings Up the Honey. Gravity Takes it Down. 20 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW I have built several honey-houses since and when unable to get the required fall in the land. I have had the house tloor in two levels running' a wdieel-barrow track to the extracting floor, as I find it much less labor rolling a wdieelbarrow up a slight ascent than the continual attention watching the gates of the extractor and uncapping tank. The storage tank that 1 have used holds about GO to To gallons, and is made w'ith a wire cloth screen (removable), fitting into the top. bee tight, and over that a length of cheese cloth is laid that can easily be removed and cleaned. The storage tank is long enough so that both extractor and uncapping tank drain into it. The sketch will give you some idea of the arrangement. Allenville. Alabama. A Combined Bottom Board and Feeder. W. A. CHRYSLER ^J^^ HE bottom board which you saw at the Toronto convention V J was designed to be used both as a bottom board and feeder. You will notice that it also provides a vestibule, which is an important addition for outdoor wintering. The bottom board's con- struction is also such that it does not need to project out in front of the hive, thus allowing the hives to be packed close together in case it is necessary to load them on a wagon for moving. Bv referring to cut number one, you get a side view of the bottom board, with part removed, showing the feed draw, and also the two entrances — one the bees take in getting in and out of the hive, and the other in getting to the feed. By referring to cut number two. you see the feed draw partly drawn out. ready to receive the feed. This draw is lined with heavy building paper to hold the feed. Cut number three shows the bottom board complete, with both entrances and also the removable board in front, to close the vesti- bule, allowinij but the one entrance showni at the bottom, and the OutsiDf tnr^ANte Number One. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 21 Number Two. Number Three, two shown at the top. By reversing- the board it reduces the en- trances to two. and for summer use the board is to be removed entirely. By a little study of the cuts the construction will be clear to all. Chatham. Ont. A Puzzling Question Regarding a Queen. DR. JAMES W. COWAN. '^•jf' AST spring- I bought out a little apiary and found it neces- jL . sary to transfer the bees to other hives as the combs were built almost every way. The process of transferring was accomplished in the way described by ]\fr. Townsend of ^Michigan, and was without special incident except in the case of hive Xo. 14. which certainly has done some unexpected things this summer. I will give you a complete history of the case. On IMay 10th I placed a full depth ten-frame body filled with wet drawn combs on the old hive. The queen was found above and laying nicely on the IGth, and on the 2Uth I lifted the upper story off carefully, adjusted an excluder over the old brood nest and set the upper story in which the queen was laying back on again. June 2nd I added another story with drawn combs, as the bees had put enough honey in to make me think I was going to get a whale of a crop this year. Thus you see the hive at this' date comprised the old brood chamber and two full depth hive bodies. On the evening of June the 10th I smoked the bees pretty thoroughly at the entrance, and rattled on the hive to drive as many as possible above, and lifted the two upper bodies off onto a new bottom board and carried the old hive to the upper yard, about one- half mile away. Next day I cut out the old combs from the old hive, landing enough good combs to fill three frames, as well as about a quart of bees but no brood. These I placed in a new hive together with a drawn comb and division board, and gave them an 22 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW untested Italian queen received through the mail. Before placing the queen in the hive I punctured a hole about half way through the queen candy in the cage to enable the bees, seeing they were so few, to liberate the queen a little sooner. In a week I looked for the queen but failed to find her and I am sure I made a thorough examination. I gave them another queen ; this time, however, leaving the candy just as it was in the cage. When I looked for the second queen a week later she had disappeared just as the first one had. I looked over every frame, in every corner of the hive as well as out on the alighting board but could find nothing to indicate a queen ever had been in the hive. I concluded I'd spend no more good greenbacks on that hive so gave them a frame of eggs and brood from a Caucasian colony, but they built no cells, so I took a frame from another full-blooded Caucasian hive with two fine cells and gave that to them, and found both cells torn open in a couple of days and the baby queens thrown out the front door. By this time I was pretty sick of the whole outfit but hated to give up the job I had started, so a couple of days later I went at them again to see if there were any indications of a laying worker, and while doing this my eye caught a little bit of a runty bee, smaller than the average worker, but with the unmistakable outline of a queen. I captured her and after a good look to satisfy myself there could be no mistake about her being a queen, I nipped her head ofif. Then I gave them another frame of brood from a Cau- casian colony, intending to unite them later with a couple of the weaklings and make one good colony out of the lot for winter. August 14th I had to go away for a couple of weeks and was so busy on my return that it was the 5th of September before I looked into the hive again. I noticed they were taking pollen into the hive but thought it only another indication of freakishness, but imagine my surprise on opening the hive to find three of the finest frames of sealed brood you ever saw in your life, as well as a few young yellow Italian bees hatched out. and also there were plenty of eggs and larva, and parading over the combs in a most workmanlike fashion was a dandy Italian queen. Now will you tell me, please, where in Sam Hill that queen came from? I can't see how I could have missed her if she is one of the first two I tried to introduce, and if she is one of these, why didn't she put the little hybrid runt out of business? It may be that a young queen from some other hive made a mistake and got into the wrong pen, and that is the only solution of the puzzle I can figure out. Geneseo, N. Y. [I'll give it up. Doctor. Possibly some of my subscribers can solve the problem.] THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 23 Published Monthly E. B. TYRRELL, Editor and Publisher Office — 230 AVoodland Ave., Detroit, Michisan. Entered as second-class matter, Julv 7, 1911, at the post office at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1S79. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico. Ha- waiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. Discontinuances — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. .\t the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. Aflvertislng^ rates on application. EDITORIAL Opportunity. They do me wrong who say I come no more. When once I knock and fail to find you in. For every morn I stand outside your door And l)id vou wake, to rise, to fiaht and win. Practical Information for Beginners in Bee-Keeping. Texas has just issued Bulletin Xo. 142 under the abo\e heading. It contains -4:8 pages and many illustrations. The Bulletin is written by Wilmon Xewall, State Entomologist, and can be had by address- ing- Agricultural College. College Station, Brazos Co., Texas. It is issued in the interests of the beginner in bee-keeping, and among other things advises membership in both the State and National Bee-Keepers' Associations. The names and addresses of both Sec- retaries are eiven. Annual Meeting of Oklahoma Bee-Keepers. This will be held at Stillwater, at the A. and M. college. Pro- gram as follows : Wednesday night. Jan. lUh — Address with m(»\'ing pictures. Prof. C. E. Sanborn. Tuesday, Jan. 18th, !) a. m. — President's address. Business meeting and election ; 1 ::30 p. m. — "How Location and Pasturage Affect Successful Bee-keeping," J. H. Burrage : "\\'hv We Should Tie to the Association.*' Geo. H. Coulson ; "The Use of Feeders." G. E. Lemon: "\\'hat I think about Foul Brood," Arthur Rhoades; "Growth of the Bee Industry in Oklohoma.'' P'. W. \'an DeMark. r)uestion l^ox and <'eneral discussion. 24 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Honey Plants of California. This is the name of Bulletin No. 217, written by i\I. C. Richter, and published by the College of Agriculture, Berkely, Cal. It con- tains 72 pages, with Irt illustrations. It gives a thorough treatise on the honey flora of California, together with important tables, and should be in the hands of every California bee-keeper. I believe it is for free distribution, and is the iirst l^ulletin of its kind ever issued in California. Short Course in Bee-Keeping. 'Morley Pettit, Provincial Apiarist, is pushing the bee industry in Ontario. I had the pleasure of meeting him for the first time at the Toronto convention, and found him an enthusiast in his work. Backed by the Ontario Agricultural College, he is doing much to further the bee interests in Ontario. Last year a successful short course in bee-keeping was held at the College, and this is to be repeated this year. The course begins January 9th, and lasts two weeks. Tuition is free, but board will cost the student from $3.50 to $4.50 per week. Miscellaneous Papers on Apiculture. Bulletin No. 75, issued l)y the Bureau of h^ntomology, Washing- ton, D. C, l)ears the above heading. This bulletin contains the following : Production and Care of Extracted Honey, by E. F. Phillips, Ph. D. ; Methods of Honey Testing for Bee-keepers, by C. A. Browne, Ph. D. ; Wax Moths and American Foul Brood, by E. F. Phillips, Ph. D. ; Bee Diseases in 'Massachusetts, by Burton N. Gates; The Relation of Etilogy (cause) of Bee Diseases to the Treatment, by G. F. White, Ph. D. ; A Brief Survey of Hawaiian Bee-keeping, by E. F. Phillips, Ph. D. ; The Status of Apiculture in the United States, by E. F. Phillips, Ph. D. ; Bee-keeping in Massa- chusetts, by Burton N. Gates. The Bulletin contains 124 pages and co\'er, and contains many interesting illustrations. A map showing the territory infected with both American and European foul brood in ^Massachusetts will be especially interesting to bee-keepers in that state. Plans for the National. Yes, the new constitution has passed. This means that the plan of organization is completely revised. The old plan provided for one organization with no branches. The new plan provides for one central organization with branches all over the United States and Canada. These branches will elect delegates, and these delegates THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 25 so elected will make and change the laws, elect officers, and have general charge of the business. No branch is required to send delegates unless they so desire. Each delegate so sent has one vote for every fifty members, or fraction thereof belonging to his branch. This gives every member a direct representation. Just what the work will be for this year has not been decided on. The directors have not yet met. as they do not go into office until Januarv first. I expect that they will meet soon after that date. Full plans will be given as soon as decided upon. Remember, that after January 1st, membership in the National is $1.50 per year, one-third, or 50c, going to the local branch Avherever such is organized. Turn the Leaf, Boys, Turn the Leaf. Are you discouraged? Has the past year brought you more than your share of misfortunes? Have you tried and failed? Have those near and dear to you said: "I told you so?'' Did you fail to get that honey crop you expected? Has disease attacked your bees? Are you about ready to give up? Then turn the leaf, and do it quickly. You don't give a rap about what happened last year. It is this year that interests you. What are you going to do this year? The world is bigger than ever. It hasn't shrunk a bit. It is \ibrating with groiving pains. There is a bigger place than ever for you. It is up to you to fill it. Your problem isn't one of existence, but of persistence. Keep your grip and you'll succeed. In fact, you haven't failed at all — you have simply been delayed. You are not a failure until you yourself admit it. Are you going to admit it? The bumps you had last year are simply to test your metal. Old mother nature decided to give you a jolt. If she hadn't you might have gone on in your own little way to the end. It is good for 3^ou to be backed up against the wall. You must either tight or get •z^'liipped. It may be the first time you ever knei^' you could fight. Go to it, boys, go to it. Irrigation Opens Up New Fields. In the last issue I gave a clipping taken from one of the Detroit newspapers, regarding what the Government was doing to advertise the bee business. There has since come to hand what I presume vv^as the original article sent out by the Department of the Interior, AA'ashington, D. C. We are pleased to encourage this publicity of the bee business on the part of the Government. The article reads as follows : "A profitable industry is being developed on many of the Govern- ment irrigation projects in the production of honey, and press 26 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW reports from recent state and county fairs indicate that the ciuality of this honey is superior. The flavor is exceptionally fine and the color clear and sparkling". Alfalfa is the chief source from which the bees secure their supply, and as it i)looms constantly from early spring" until late in the fall the bees have something- to work on all the time, allowing" a greater amount of honey to be stored. "Many of the projects are located in famous fruit sections and the combination is found to be of mutual advantage. The trees furnish an abundance of honey during the blossoming" period, and c>rchardmen state that the economic importance of the bee. from the standpoint of its value in the pollenization of fruit, cannot be overestimated. White clover and small fruits, and in the plains regions many varieties of wild flowers, also furnish sources of supply. "The bee industry is a lucrative side line for the regular farmer, but there is also a wide field for the bee man on these projects where everything tends toward specialization and where the farmers organize for the standardization and marketing" of their crops. On nearly all the projects small tracts for the purpose may be pur- chased at reasonable rates. On many of them there are model towns laid out at intervals of a few miles. The business lots are grouped around a central square, and near the outer boundaries of the town- sites the lots contain several acres each. These large lots, sur- rounded by wide areas of new agricultural lands devoted largely to the raising of alfalfa, are ideal locations for apiaries. They are sold at very reasonable rates, and afford opportunities for engaging in a business which pays large returns on the investment. The average price of bees in the West is probably about $5 a hive. The manager of a large apiary on one of the irrigated tracts gives the average production of his hives at T6 pounds of surplus honey per annum. At ten cents per pound the returns would be $7.60. In addition to that the increase averages 100 per cent from year to year, doubling the original investment and making a total of about 150 per cent profit each year on the original investment. "The Statistician of the Reclamation Service at AVashington, D. C, will furnish detailed information concerning lands irrigated by the Government, upon recjuest." Keep More Bees. 'T could not give up the Rkx'iew for it has been the cause of my success with bees. I have built up to 200 colonies this year and sold enough honey so that I am running 500 colonies another year. My yards will be 200 miles apart. * * I think you are improving the Review, but don't forget to say 'keep more bees.' " All right, brother, we will put the "keep more bees" right on the cover. It is a slogan worth adopting, and as it was coined by the THE BEE-KEEPERS' RE' 'lEW 27 Father of the Review, the l?te A\'. Z. Hutchinson. I am sure he would be pleased to see it given a permanent place in the publication. Among some of the journals lately has sprung up a small dis- cussion as to whether that slogan should not be replaced by "keep better bees." or "keep bees better." Xot much ! It is the most important of them all. Let a man keep more bees and he will be forced to keep them better, and will more quickly note the difference between the good and the bad strains. "Keep more bees" and you will either "keep them better" or you will soon be out of the busi- ness. It is the little fellow who is slipshod. \\'ith a small invest- ment, with other business demanding his attention, he is more apt to neglect the bees. Give him "more bees" and self preservation demands that he give the proper attention to those bees, or out he goes. Better be entirely out than a putterer. But that brings us to the view many seem to have that to give bees attention one should be continually meddling with them. They seem to think that the extensive bee-keeper neglects his bees. Not much ! They are forced to adopt a system. They must know what to do and when to do it. It is as important to know what not to do as it is to know what to do. It is the big fellows who have the bank account. Michigan is becoming known as a state of specialists. Come up to one of their conventions and learn Zi'hat not to do. Friend Bartlett tells how with his system one man can handle 1,000 colonies, exclusive of extracting and packing for winter. Another ^Michigan beeman is now in Kentucky intending to ship two carloads of bees north next spring. L. S. Griggs, of Flint, makes an exclusive busi- ness of bee-keeping, handling over 400 colonies. E. D. Townsend. of Remus, is too well known to tell about. Does it pay to "keep more bees?" Ask those fellows. The Michigan Convention. Michigan conventions always bring together a bunch of real live beemen. Many of them are specialists, and you can guess that their discussions are intensely practical. There was not a dulT minute during the whole two days' sessions. Space will not permit the giving of a detailed account of these: sessions, but some of the "meat" is as follows: Next convention will be held at the xA.gricultural College^, Lansing, Mich. It will probably be held in December. National constitution adopted by an almost unanimous vote. There was a little opposition at first, but it soon disappeared when the members better understood the plans. This makes Michigan the first legal branch of the National, I believe. At least I have not been informed of any association having taken such action. 28 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW This makes the dues for the members, including- both local and national, $1.50 per year, the same as formerly. It is certainly a move in the right direction. Foul Brood Inspector G. E. Sanders gave an interesting report of his work during the past year. From the 16th of 'May to the 26th of August he inspected 150,000 colonies of bees, belonging to 15,000 bee-keepers. Some discussion was brought out by this state- ment, as it was considered pretty fast work b}^ some, to examine an average of 50' colonies a day, in addition to traveling. However, several extensive bee men stated it could be done. Sanders is certainly a hustler, and we hope will be on the job again next year. The committee on legislation made an interesting report, and with one addition to take the place of Mr. Hilton, deceased, was continued to present a new foul brood bill to the next legislature. Some new ideas were advanced regarding cellar wintering. C. F. Smith, of Cheboygan, stated that he successfully winters his bees in a wet cellar since he removes the covers and substitutes burlap instead. He says that actually there was enough water in that cellar to float the hives out on in the spring, and he claims the statement is not a joke either. L. vS. Griggs, of Flint, gets his outside sections filled first, by using but nine frames in a ten-frame hive, with a division board on each side. Double bee-space is also used on each side in the super. This allows a free passage from the bottom to the super, right on the sides, and he finds that it results in getting work started in the outside sections first. Mr. Johnson, of the Johnson Milk Co., Battle Creek, tests thermometers by packing the bull) in melting snow, or ice pounded fine like snow, and if they register 32 they are correct. Good test. Resolutions were oiTered for the late W. Z. Hutchinson, Geo. E. Hilton and James Heddon. The latter died December 6th, and will be remembered as a very progressive bee-keeper, perhaps the best known in Michigan 20 years ago. He was the inventor of the Heddon hive. Two members were reported ill, Hon. R. L. Taylor and T. F. Bingham. Messages of good cheer were ordered sent them. . On Probation. For six months I have felt that I have been on probation. Dur- ing that time my readers have been watching me to see whether I would "make good'' as an editor or not. While I have received many encouraging words yet I have realized all the time that the re^l test would be the renewals. 'Would they come? \Miat were the fellows thinking of who didn't write me? And, of course, they outnumbered those who did write. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 29 December came. With that number I sent expiration notices to all whose subscriptions had expired. Then came a few days' wait for results. Of course those were anxious days. In three or four days came the first report from those notices, and that was a re- newal from J. G. Baillie, Urbana, Ohio. After that they began com- ing in bunches, and while there are still many to renew, yet the response has been sufficient so far to satisfy me that my efforts to keep the Review up to its past excellent standard are at least appre- ciated. With these renewals came many a cheering word which I assure you does much to urge one on to do his best. But now the real work begins. Nothing can stand still. It must either advance or retreat. It is not enough to keep the Review up to its past excellent standard; it must be pushed ahead. This means that changes must be made. Sometimes these changes will possibly be for the worse, but I will trust to the good judgment of my sub- scribers to write me a protest when such a move is made. Send me an avalanche of letters and postal cards when I make a mistake. Of course I will make them. Did you ever see anyone who didn't? The target was missed many times before the "bull's-eye'' was hit. I'll furnish the "steam" if you'll furnish the "balance-wheel." When we make a mistake we'll retreat and try again. I have a number of things in view for the betterment of the Review, and they will be carefully considered, and no doubt some of them will be tried out later. And that brings us to this issue. We have a brand new cover design. Every time I looked at that four-piece section on the old cover I felt that it was out of date. And yet I didn't want to dis- card the design entirely. So the four-piece section was changed to a one-piece section, the whole design was made smaller, and put down in the corner. Then the wording, or name, was brought out strong in "Old English." The Review is not ashamed of its name, so it is now spelling it right out loud. I am indebted to Wm. Bay- ley, of East Orange, N. J., for the suggestion. Thanks, Friend Bayley. Why did I change the type? Because many of my readers are old men. I want those old men to stay with me. There are also many younger men and women whose sight is failing. In fact any of us like to read the larger type because it is easier. So the larger type was selected. This called for more pages, and not to be stingy 1 have added eight extra pages. Costs more money? Certainly, but it is worth more. Didn't I say I was going to put my premium money into making a better paper? {Continued on page j^) 30 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW SELECTED ARTICLES AND EDITORIAL COMMENTS National Association and Report. Under this heading, President York gives in the American Bee Journal, so good a summing up of the situation that 1 feel that I can do no better than to reproduce the article here in whole. Of course all readers now know that new constitution has passed, and just as soon as a meeting of the directors can be held, full plans for the coming year will be announced. Lentil that time there is really nothing more that can be told you. The article by President York is as follows : ''We have received a copy of the 42d Annual Report of the National Bee-Keepers' Association, which includes, besides the pro- ceedings of the convention held at Minneapolis, Minn., Aug. 30 and 31, 1911, a complete list of the membership, the treasurer's report, and copies of both the old and the new constitution. It has also about 25 pages of advertising at the back. In all, there are lii pages besides the cover. The financial statement made by the general manager and treasurer, N. E. France, shows a balance of $604.16 on hand in the Honey-Producers' League fund, and $439.70 in the general fund of the association, but we learn privately that there is not enough money in this general fund to pay all the expenses to the end of this year. "It may be just possible that before this num1)er of the .Itncrican Bee Joiinial goes to press, we will have a report of the election of officers held last month (Novemljer), and also the vote on the new constitution. All, of course, will be interested to know whether or not the new constitution is approved, for it would mean quite a change in the way the National Association is to be conducted in the future. "If the new constitution is voted into elTect, there will be 5 directors instead of 12, and the annual meeting will be mainly execu- tive, those attending l)eing delegates elected by the local branches or associations. Then those delegates who attend the annual meet- ing will elect the officers and directors of the association. This Avill make a thoroughly representative body, and it would seem that more business can be done at the annual meetings than heretofore, for every delegate will be sent with authority to carry out the wishes of the local branch or association so far as possible. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 31 "There is progress and advancement in every line of business and association effort, and it is a good time now for the National Bee-Keepers' Association to advance a little also. Of course, it may not be possible to do all the first year that needs to be done, but if things can be started now, it may not be man}' months until the effect of the provisions of the new constitution will be felt among the members of the Association. As Secretary Tyrrell well says : "The present fee of the National just a1:)out provides for the expenses of the National convention and getting out the Annual Report. Alanager France will tell you he must economize to do that. This leaves nothing for the larger work of the organization, looking up market conditions, advising members regarding their , honey sales, assisting states in getting foul-brood laws, and many other things that might be mentioned.' "In order to secure more funds with which to do more for its members, it is proposed that the National membership fee be in- creased to $1.50 per year. A third of this amount is to go to the local branch or association affiliating with the National. The annual dues of the ^Michigan Association have been for several years $1.50, and instead of its membership growing less it has increased, and the Association has prospered beyond anything known heretofore in that state. I\Ir. Tyrrell further says: Tt may seem to some that this raise is a mistake, and that bee- keepers will not pa}'- the advanced price. But we must not forget that sometimes a small fee is really more expensive than a larger one. It is not so much what we pay, as what ice get for zchat zee pay. If our fee is so small that the whole amount is necessary for the running expenses and nothing left for progress, that fee is apt to be expensive ; while a larger one, leaving a surplus for doing some- thing extra for the members, might be really cheaper.' "But whether the new constitution is approved or not, there will still be much that the National can do under its former con- stitution. Its officiary should devise some method by which the balance of the league fund could be used to good advantage in trying to create a greater general demand for honey. Perhaps a small advertiseemnt run in a few select magazines of large circula- tion might be a good thing. It would be much better, however, if the National Association were in a position to offer a standard brand of honey in response to such advertising. This, of course, opens up a very large subject, but we hope the time may come when if the National Association is not able to handle the honey business on a large scale, that some other organization or company will be formed that will be sufficiently strong to do something worth while along the line indicated." 32 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Italians vs. Black Bees. Under this heading', Mr. J. A. Kinnon, in Canadian Bcc Journal, makes a strong plea for the Italians, and in Gleanings in Bee Culture Mr. H. D. Tennent makes an equally strong plea for blacks. When doctors disagree, what — ? It was really amusing to see and hear the scrap put up on both sides at the Toronto convention. It is an old question, and will no doubt always have its adherents on both sides. The article by ]\Ir. Kinnon follows: "A number of things have been written pro and con in the C. B. J. of late regarding the different races of bees, black and Italians. "As I have had the pleasure of nipping the heads off about 80 black queens the last two seasons, it may be of interest to some of your readers to know what prompted my so doing. Last spring- after removing my colonies from the cellar it was only wnth the most cautious watching on my part that I kept the black colonies from being robbed out en bloc by their yellow cousins, and as Bobby Burns often expressed. I sware an aith that if I lived the summer, fall would see me rid of at least one nuisance. Black bees as I had them in their purity were the poorest defenders of their hives imaginable, and it was only by changing them around so as to give the black colonies the Italian field bees that I managed at all. Xot so with my Italians. AVhen an attack was made on them the robbers got stung. That was all, as no honey changed hives. "As to the difference in honey gathering qualities. 75 to 100 lbs. and over in favor of the Italians, has manifested to me that there is a dift'erence in the bees .and after the main flow most of my Italian colonies put up from 30 to 40 lbs. of fall honey, while the blacks required to be fed. "Yes, the blacks are all gone and I don't want any more of them. The honey flow was of short duration in this localit}-, but with proper management I harvested over four tons of honey and increased 87 colonies spring count to 165.'' ]\Ir. Tennant has this to say in Gleanings: "W. C. Mollett, page 100, Feb. 15, complains of the excessive swarming of the Italians in his locality, and suggests that it is in some way due to the kind and quantity of honey-plants. Having had a similar experience here, I would suggest that it is not so much a matter of honey-plants as of an over-supply of early pollen which marks this difference between blacks and Italians. SOURCES OF EARLV POLLEN. "The country here is rough, with considerable timber, and the average number of wild flowers. The fall flow from goldenrod and aster, though not usually giving any surplus, leaves the hives well THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 33 supplied with pollen. In the spring a few good warm days suffice to bring into bloom the hepatica, or liverleaf anemone, from which the bees bring in whitish pollen. This often comes two weeks before the earliest fruit bloom. This is followed by the dandelion, with its unlimited pollen. Fruit-bloom usually does not give enough lioney to start comb-building; but it does start cell-building. From this time the spring beauty, dandelion, buckeye, oak, gum, black- berry, and various wild flowers give a constant supply of pollen without any appreciable amotint of honey, and the Italians abandon themselves to reckless propagation. SUPERIORITY OF BLACKS WHERE POLLEX IS AHUXDAXT IX SPRIXG. "The blacks would seem to be naturally adapted to such condi- tions, for they do not usually "lose their heads'' in this way. but defer swarming until there is enough honey to justify increase, and may usually be induced to forego it entirely by giving room for surplus, and that without the baits and full sheets of foundation needed to coax the Italians into the sections. "When the breeding of bees shall have become further ad- vanced it will no doubt be found possible to interchange the char- acteristics of different races when desirable, just as the different combs and color patterns, and the sitting and non-sitting dispo- sitions of poultry may be so combined by the skillful breeder. It is evident that the same combination of traits will not suit ever}'- where. "The only points which I have found in favor of the Italians are their quietness and better defense against robbers; but these are more than balanced by their reluctance to enter sections, and their swarming proclivities.'' A Strong Plea For National Grading Rules. Director "Wesley Foster, of Colorado, makes a strong plea in Lrlcaniiigs in Bee Culture for national grading rules, and the Review believes he is on the right track. So long as we have so many dififerent rules for grading there will always be confusion, and we can never establish a national grade until we have national grading rules. The Canadians claim that by selling by the section instead of by the pound that the bee-keeper is obliged to grade more care- fully and this they claim is one of the reasons why the}' always get so good a price for their honey. There is some food for thought in that. Air. Foster says : ''Xow that the National Association has adopted the Colorado double-tier shipping case and 4^4xJ:,Mxl7/s section as the standard, why not have national grading rules? Shall we hereafter designate 34 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW the double-tier V4:-lb. case as the Standard, the National, or the American shipping case? Xow, if we can only get together and adopt national rules, a big advance will be made. Here in the west, we feel confident, of course, that the Colorado rules would meet with the same approval as have the double-tier case and the 4;f4^TLj4xlJ'8-inch section. ''We are bound to have one universal distributing system before many years, the same as the orange growers, and the move for unity in supplies points the way. It is but a stepping-stone to more economical and direct dealing between producer and consumer. "For some reason much more extracted honey was produced in Colorado the past year than formerly. The slow flow that has been the rule for the past few seasons may have had an efifect in driving bee-keepers to extracted honey production. Extracted honey can be bought in Colorado for ^yz cents on the western slope, and for 7^2 to 9 at Colorado common points in eastern Colorado. The freight rate (fourth class) from the western slope to Denver or Pueblo is 75 cents per hinidred, Avhich accoimts for the lower price in western Colorado. "Comb honey will remain in favor so long as it' sells so readily, and so lone as extracted honev sells so slowlv." EDITORIAL— On Probation. {Continued front page sg) As boys and girls we all liked to look at pictures. A\ e are only grown up boys and girls now. So we all still like to look at pic- tures, especially if those pictures tell a story. So more pictures have been put in the Review, and I expect to add more in the future. Don't fail to send me that picture of your bees, the old log gum that has held bees so many years, and of that labor-saving appliance which you are using. If you haven't a photo, draw a dia- gram and we will fix it up. Tell me how vou like what I have done. I have had several calls for cuts of queens. So far 1 have been unab'e to supply ihem, but from now on i c:n furnish you, postpaid, a cut like the one sh.own in this adver- t'sement for tifty cents. Can send you as many as you want at this price. Address Thf. BK::-Ki-:F:i'a:K.'^ Review, 2oO Woodlan.d Avenue, Detroit. ^Nlicli. What a Foreign Subscriber Thinks. Helsincfors, Finland, Europe, Xov. 12, 1911. Dear Mr. Tyrrell. Detroit. Mich. : It is a remarkable fact that the more we learn the more we realize how much we yet have to learn ; and I find that the closer I study each number of The Review, the more it tastes "like more." I wish to extend my sincerest thanks for your efforts for the sake of the ])ee-'^eef ers of the world. \>ry rL'sp:ct fully. Paul AIkkwitz. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 35 THE OOREST SECTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT IN THE GRADE NAMED 1 ^M«»:vf FANCY NUMBER ONE NUMBER TWO HONEY QUOTATIONS Just now is a good time for the l)ee-keeper who has honey yet to sell to keep his nerve. You will notice by the following reports that the market is rather unsettled. This is to be expected, all things considered, and no bee- keeper should become alarmed and rush his honey to market, only to more completely demoralize the same. While demand is dull j'et prices are still holding good, and with the return demand which is sure to come in the spring there should be no difficulty in selling at a satisfactory price. The main thing now is, don't get excited. BOSTON — Fancy white comb honey 17c to 18c. Light amber 16c. Amber 15c. Fancy white extracted 10c to lie. Light amber and amber extracted Sc to 9c. Wax 30c. BLAKE LEE CO., Dec. 22. 4 Chatam Row. CHICAGO— During the month of December the quantity of honey sold by the jobbers has not been as large as preceding months, yet it has sold quite well and while prices are easier, fancy grades are not plentiful and are firmly held at 17c to 18c per lb. Beeswax ranges at 30 to 32c per lb. and extracted honey is with- out any material change in price. R. A. BURNETT & CO.. Dec. 21. 173 W. South Water St. CINCINNATI— Market on comb honey has fallen off somewhat, only demand for fancy white selling in retail way at $4.00, jobbing at $3.60 to $3.75 according to quantity. Extra white extracted in 60-pound cans at 10 cents, light amber in 60-pound cans at 8 5<2 cents, am- ber in barrels at 7 to 7 >^ cents, beeswax, fair demand at $33.00 a hundred. Above are sell- ing prices, not what we are paying. Dec. 18. C. H. W. WEBER CO. KANSAS CITY, MO:— The demand for honey still continues to be light and we don't look for a much better demand until after the holidays; January and February are generally good honey months. We quote: No. 1 white comb, 24-section cases, $3.25: No. 2 white comb, 24-section cases, $2.75-$3.00; No. 1 am- ber comb, 24-section cases, $3.00; No. 2 amber comb, 24-section cases, $2.50-$2.75; extracted white, per pound, S^c-Oc; extracted amber per pound, 8c-Sy^c; beeswax, per pound, 25c-28c. C. C. CLEMONS PRODUCE CO. Dec. 22. DEN\'ER — Our market is heavier stocked with extracted honey than comb. Demand for both is fair only. We are quoting our local market in a jobbing way as follows: No. 1 White Comb, per case of 24 sections, $3.15; No. 1 Light Amber, $2.90; No. 2, $2.70. White Extracted Honey per pound 9c; Light Amber Sc; Amber and strained 654-" /4c. We pay 26c in cash and 28c in trade for clean yellow bees- wax delivered here. Yours very truly, THE COLORADO HONEY PRODUCERS' ASSN. Nov. 24. F. Randefuss, Manager. CINCINNATI— The demand for honey is rather good, considering the great quantity that is still in the west unsold. We continue to sell fancy comb honey at $3.75 to $4.00 a case; fancy extracted honey at 9c to lie a pound, ac- cording to quantity and quality purchased; while for amber extracted honey in barrels we are getting dYzc to lYzc a pound. We are paying 30c a pound, delivered here, for choice, bright yellow beeswax, absolutely free fronr dirt. THE FRED W. MUTH CO., "Tlie Busy Bee Men." Dec. 23. 31 Walnut St. TOLEDO — The market on honey at this writing is as usual, at this season of the year, quiet, very little demand for comb honey. We quote as follows: Fancy white ^lichigan, Ohio or Wisconsin in 24-section flat cases, ISc per lb.; No. 1 white ^lichigan, Ohio or Wiscon- sin in 24-section cases, 17c per lb.; fancy No. 1 and No. 2 Idaho comb honey. 24-section cases, from $3.40 to $3.70. No demand for dark or off grades. Extracted white clover and basswood in cans, 10c, bbls. i^c lb. cheaper; white California sage, in cans, 10c; light am- 36 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW ber California alfalfa, in cans, 8^c to 9c. Beeswax is steady at from 30c to 33c, depend- ing on color, etc. Owing to high prices asked by the producers, honey has not sold as well as was anticipated, and already the western men are declining their prices in order to move their holdings, but from present outlook they are not meeting with ready sale, as pack- ers generally are well stocked, and in view of the interest shown by the trade, they are not interested in taking on further supply even at the present prices. Dec. 20th. S. J. GRIGGS & CO. NEW YORK— Trade is rather quiet just now, which is generally the case just before the holidays. Stocks of comb honey are rather light, on account of the short crop, and re- ceipts are only of moderate size, and we do not e.xpect any more large shipments from now on. Prices hold firm at former quotations. E.x- tracted honey — While white clover is scarce, there seems to be an abundant supply of all other grades. We expect to see lower prices from now on. For the present we quote: California white sage, 9c per pound; light am- ber sage, Sc per pound; white alfalfa, 8c to Syic per pound; light amber alfalfa, 7c to 7>4c per pound; buckwheat, 7c to 7^c per pound. Beeswax quiet at 30c per pound. Dec. 21. HILDRETH & SEGELKEN. Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will he twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your advertisement in this department. FOR SALE For S.\le. — Water white and light-amber alfalfa and light-amber fall honey, put up in any size packages. First class. Dadant & Sons, Hamilton, 111. For Sale. — Empty second-hand 60-lb. cans, as good as new, two cans to a case, at 25 cts. per case. C. H. W. Weber & Co., Cincinnati, O. April-hatched Indian Runner Ducks, fawn and white; $2.00 each; $3.50 a pair; $5.00 per trio. White-egg strain. Kent Jennings, Mt. Gilead, Ohio. Rhode Island Red Cockerels that are Red. Have spent three years line breeding. These are the first I have offered for sale. Dr. R. p. Wixom, 273 Euclid Ave. East, Detroit, Mich. Golden Italian Queens that produce golden bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each $1, six $5; tested $2. J. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. Fountain Pens for $2.00, $3.75 and $5.00. If not satisfied return pen to me and I will .return the money. E. F. Patterson, Rt. 96, Montrose, Colo. For Sale. — 175 colonies of bees in 8-frame hives, run for comb honey, with 500 comb- honey supers, and about 35 full-depth hive- bodies filled with honey for next season's feed- ing. I am close to the Nevada State-line. No foul brood in this valley. H. Christensen, Coleville, ]Mono Co., Cal. For Sale. — Quantity 10 frame hives, fixtures, magazines, etc. Edwin Ewell, Litchfield, Mich. "Eggmakers" — S. C. Brown Leghorns. State wide reputation. Cockerels $2.00, $3.00 and $5.00 each by return express. Wm. J. Cooper, Mt. Pleasant, Rt. 8, Mich. For Sale. — Amber and buckwheat honey in new 60-lb. tin cans. C. J. B.\ldriuge, Home- stead Farm, Kendaia, N. Y. Ringlet Barred Plymouth Rocks. — Fine, healthy, well barred cockerels and pullets at $2.00 each. Prize winners at our County Fair. R. J. Schloneger, Pigeon, Mich. For Sale. — Clover, basswood, alfalfa, sage or light amber fall honey.^ First-class stock put up in any sized cans. Send for price list. M. V. Facey, Preston, Fillmore Co., Minn. For Sale. — New crop of alfalfa seed; 4 pounds by mail, prepaid, $1.10; 50 to 100 lbs., 14% cts. per lb. Sacks, 25 cts. extra. R. L. Snodgr.\ss, Rt. 4, Augusta, Kansas. Light-Amber extracted honey, principally from cotton bloom, in new 60-lb. cans. Price 8% cts. per lb. f. o. b. Bogart, cash with or- der. Samples free. John W. Cash, Bogart, Ga. Golden Queens.- — Very gentle, very hardy, and great surplus gatherers. Untested, five and six band, $1.00; select tested, $3.00; also nuclei and full colonies. Send for circular and price list to Geo. M. Steele, 30 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, Pa. Lillie Farmstead Poultry. — B. P. Rocks, R. I. Reds, and S. C. W. Leghorn eggs for sale. 15 for $1; 26 for $1.50; 50 for $2.50. Colon C. Lillie, Coopersvillt, Mich. Silver, Golden and White Wyandotts. — Choice breeding stock at reasonable prices. Catalogue free. Browning's Wyandott Farm, Rt. 33, Portland, Mich. Modern Bee Culture, or breeding a better bee. New and revised edition. Enlarged and illustrated. 10 cts. Germania Apiaries, Germania, Ark. White Wyandotte Cockerels, $2.50, $3.00 and $3.50 each. From thoroughbred stock and heavy layers. A. Franklin Smith. Rt. 9, Ann Arbor, Mich. Buttercupa and Houdans for large white eggs. Fine cockerels $3.00 and $5.00. Riverview Poultry Farm, Union City, Mich. For Sale. — 6"/^ acres of best level land; new eight-room house; fine large spring and branch; 5500 sq. feet of greenhouses; cannery; other out-buildings; right at city limits, population 20,000; fine market; $4000 to $5000 yearly business; good for bees. Write for price and further particulars. M. D. Andes. Bristol, Tenn. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 37 For Sale.— 560 acres of land in Arkansas, in the rice belt. Half cash; balance, city property. T. J. Greenfield, Hickory Ridge, Ark. For Sale. — Clover honey ripened on the hive, in 60-lb. cans; gathered in June, ex- tracted in -August. Sample free. J. F. Moore, Tiffin, Ohio. For Sale. — Choice light-amber extracted honey — thick, well ripened, delicious ilavor. Price 9 cts. per lb. in new 60-lb. cans. J. P. Moore, Morgan, Ky. For Sale. — A full line of bee-keepers' sup- plies; also Italian bees and honey a specialty. AVrite for catalog and particulars. The Penn Co., Penn, Miss. (Successor to J. M. Jenkins.) For Sale — A. I. Root Supplies. Every- thing needed in the apiary. Send for cata- logue. Prices right. Sawyer & Hedden, Irv- in^ton. New Jersey. For Sale. — Finest quality white clover and basswood blend extracted honey, in new 60-lb. cans, $6.25 for single can, $12.00 per case of two cans, F. O. B. Flint. Cash with order. Leoxard S. Griggs, 711 Avon St., Flint, Mich. Fruit Lands, general store in English col- ony; apiary locations for sale, rent, or trade; bees, queens, honey, wa.x hives, and other sup- plies; fine opportunity for tropical bee-man with small capital; climate and lands finest in the world. Gather honey the year round. No land agent. I own all I offer. D. W. Mill.'vr, Bartle, Oriente, Cuba. February 20th and later I offer 400 three-frame neuclei with tested Italian qu^;en for $3.50 each. Untested Italian queen for 75c each. Satisfaction guaranteed. My strain of Italian bees are developed honey- gatherers, result of 19 years record-keeping and selecting. No b'-e-disease has ever been near my bees. W. D. Achord, Fitzp.\trick, Bul- lock Co., Alabama. WANTED Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey, and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 W. S. Water St., Chicago. Wanted. — To buy amber and dark extracted honey; to sell, second-hand 60-lb. cans. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. Hildreth & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. W.\nted. — 100 to 300 colonies bees to work on shares the coming season. Must be free from foul brood and in good hives. 33 years' experience. A. D. D. Wood, Box 61, Lansing, Mich. Wanted. — You to write me before ordering your hives. I have the use of a complete wood-working shop during the winter. Price, 8 frame Langstroth hive $1.00, 10 frame $1.10. Satisfaction guaranteed. Sample hive nailed and shipped at above price. Frank Rasmussen, Greenville, Mich. Wanted. — Help for the active bee season of 1912 — one or two young men who want to learn bee-keeping; board promised, and a little more if we do well. Wanted, also, a carload of bees, spring delivery. R. F. Holtermann, Brantford, Ont., Canada. Qjiiom The lartrest, best kpepind, handsomest Onions produced from Northern Grown Seed-. Kalze t^ieeds are grown in the extreme North, ai pediiree Etociis, and for ruritv, vitality and yield are unsurpassed. Catalog tells. 8 MAKKET M»KTS, 18c. The following are the three most popular <;ort3: One large package each White 1'ortueal, Yellow Globe Ilanvers and lied Wethersfield, to te:~i, 12o. FOR ICc. 10,000 kernels of splendid Lettuce, Kadish, Tomato, Cabbage, Turnip, Onion, Celery, Parsley, Carrot, Melon and Flower Seeds producing bushels of vegetables and flowers Ibrlfic pootpaid. Our great Plant and Seed Catalog free for the ask in g. Write to-da\ John A.SalzerSeed Co. 21 3 S.SthSUa Crosse,Wls Paint Without Oil Remarkable Discovery That Cuts Down the Cost of Paint Seventy- Five Per Cent. A Free Trial Paekase is Mailed to Everyone T*ho Writes. A. L. Rice, a prominent manufacturer of Adams, X. Y., has discovered a pro- cess of making a new kind of paint v^'ithout the use of oil. He calls it Powderpaint. It comes in the form of a dry powder and all that is required is cold water to make a paint weather proof, fire proof and as durable as oil paint. It adheres to any surface wood, stone or brick, spreads and looks like oil paint and costs about one-fourth as much. Write to Mr. A. L. Rice, Manufr., 303 North St., Adams, N. Y., and he will send you a free trial package, also color card and full information show- ing you how' you can save a good many dollars. Write today. CHAS. ISRAEL & BROS. 488-490 Canal St,. New York Wholesale Dealers and Commission Merchants in Houey, Beeswax, Maple Sujcfar r.nil Syrup, Etc. Consignments solicited. Established 1875. WANTED Early orders for the Old Reliable Bingham Bee Smokers. Address T. F. Bingham, Alma Mich. 38 THE BEE-KEFPERS' REVIEW Make Your Own Hives Bee Keepers will save money by using our Foot Power SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford, Illinois. RIGHT NOW IS A GOOD TIME TO FIGURE Many bee-keepers have found it profitable to figure out in early winter what bee supplies they would want next season. After doing this they would then send the list to cunniir mpn fQ,- prices. Naturallv we can give you better prices now than we can later in Let VIS help you figure it out. Send us your list of supplies wanted. supply men fo the season M. H. HUNT & SON, Lansing, Mich. A MEXICO AS BEE COUNTRY B. A. Hadsell, one of the largest bee-keepers in the world, has made si.x trips to Mexico, investigating that country as a bee country, and is so infatuated with it that he is closing out his bees in Arizona. He has been to great expense in getting up a finely illustrated 32- page booklet describing the tropics of Mexico as a Bee Man's Paradise, which is also su- perior as a farming, stock raising and fruit country, where mercury ranges between .55 and 98. Frost and sun-stroke is unknown. Also a great health resort. He will mail this book free by addressing B. A. HADSELL, Lititz, Pa. WANTED WHITE HONEY Both comb and extracted. Write xis before disposing of your crop. HILDRETH & SEGELKEN 265-267 Greenwich St. New York, N. Y. American Butter & Cheese Co., 31-33 Griswold St., Detroit, Mich. Always in the market for choice comb honey. Write us. SECTIONS ^ We make a specialty of manufaduring Sedions. ^ Prompt shipments on all Bee-Keepers' supplies. CATALOGUE FREE AUG. LOTZ & CO. BOYD, WISCONSIN AQUASUN One gallon of dark honey makes 200 to 300 gallons of Aquasun, which is finer in flavor and more nutritious than any apple or grape juice. Made quickly, by agitation, same as buttermilk. ANTABUM One gallon of dark honey makes 20 to 40 gallons of Antabum, which, fed to bees, as a spring tonic, enables them to digest and store 3 to 5 times as much honey as when not so assisted. Either process, by mail, $1. C. \^. DAYTON, Chatsworth, Calif. lY^^l^m BEES''"'^ Queens and ^^^^^^^p^^^,^,,,^,^,,.,,,^^^ supplies. Root's standard goods. Ask for circular. ALISO APIARY, El Toro, Calif. 2-lO-llt THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 39 MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best young basswood. timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. The Dittmer Way Is to Have Your Wax Worked Into Comb Foundation by the DITTMER PROCESS. We have a special department for Working the Bee Keepers' Wax into Comb Foundation bj' the DITTMER PROCESS. A postal will bring you full informa- tion telling why THE DITTMER WAY is Cheaper. A liberal discount offered on any Bee Keepers' Supplies. Gus. Dittmer Company Augusta, Wisconsin. Why Not Have a Good Light? Here It Is! Bright, Powerful. Economical, Odorless, Smokeless. Every one guaranteed. The Lamp to READ, WRITE and WORK by. Indis- pensable in your home. If your dealer hasn't got them, send his name and address and your name and address and we will mail as many as you want at 25c each. AGENTS WANTED EVERY- WHERE. THE STEEL MANTLE LIGHT CO. 332 Huron St., Toledo, O. Established 18S5 WE CARRY AN" UP-TO-DATE LINE OF Bee-keepers' Supplies Write for our 50-page catalog free, and for lowest prices on supplies. Full information given to all inquiries. We handle the best make of goods for the bee-keeper. Freight facilities good. Let us hear from you. John Nebel & Son Supply Co., High Hill, Mo. Don*t Forget Our Liner Columns. Only three issues old, and look at them! Nearly a page and a half! Have you anything to sell ? Do you want to buy? Do you need help? Why not trv a RnaEW liner? Honey Honey Honey We Want to Buy We Want to Sell We are always in the market for Honey, both comb and extratced, if quality and price justify. Should you have any to offer, let us hear from you. If extracted, mail sample, state how it is put up and lowest price; if comb, state what kind and how packed. If in the market for honey, write for prices. Cans Cans Cans We have a surplus of second hand, five gallon cans, two to a case, as good as new, used but once. Offer same, while they last, at 25c per case f. o. b. Cincinnati. Order quick, if you want any. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. 2146-48 Central Ave. CINCINNATI, 0, 40 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW A New Year's Resolution for the Year 1912 I will keep more bees. I will devote more time to my bees. I will give more thought to my bees. I will co-operate with the local and national organizations. I will use Lewis Beeware. THE NEW 1912 LEWIS BEEWARE CATALOG IS NOW READY FOR YOU. THE BEST WE HAVE EVER ISSUED. ENTIRELY REWRITTEN WITH NEW ILLUSTRATIONS. MORE COMPLETE AND COMPREHENSIVE THAN EVER. If you are not on our regular mailing list, send for one at once — it is free for the asking. 30 DISTRIBUTING HOUSES SELL LEWIS BEEWARE THROUGH THIS CATALOG. Ask for the name of the nearest one. LEWIS BEEWARE IS SUCCESS INSURANCE. G. B. LEWIS COMPANY Manufacturers of Beeware WATERTOWN, WIS. Carniolan Alpine Queens — Gray Workers SELECT TESTED QUEENS, March, April, May, $5.00; June, July, August, $3.50. SELECT UNTESTED, June, July, August, $2.00. Shipped to all parts of the world, postage free. Safe arrival guaranteed. Inter- national money order with every order. Dead queens replaced if returned in 24 hours after arrival. References respective financial and commercial responsibility of the under- signed Association can be had at every Imperial-Royal Austro-Hungarian Consulate in the U. S. and Canada. Write for our booklet. Orders for nuclei and hives cannot be filled until everything concerning this line of business is arranged properly. Remit money order and write English to the Imperial -Royal Agricultural Association Ljubljana, Carniola (Krain) AUSTRIA nz. m ^1^ j^ s^H^ ^i^ Are our specialty. Winter your bees in Protection Hives. Liberal early order discounts. A. G. WOODMAN Co.. Grand Rapids. Mich, BARGAIN SALE ■■IN- BEE SUPPLIES DON'T MISS IT Take advantage of the Closing Out Sale of the Page & Lyon Go's Stock of OLD RELIABLE BEE SUPPLIES Send for Catalog and write me just how much and what you want, and I will quote you NET PRICES. J. F. KENKEL, Trustee for Page & Lyon Mfg. Co. NEW LONDON, WISCONSIN Figure This Out For '\T IC If You buy Bee - Supplies I OUrSClil NOW that you will need ^^■^^^-— ^^"^■"" in April you Save Money at the rate of 1 2 per cent on the $. Three per cent is the amount of our early order discount on cash purchases in January. January to April is just three months — ^/4 of a year. Now, 3*^^ for 3 months is interest at the rate of 12% per year — so you see why we urge early orders accompanied by cash this month. Another reason is that we can serve you better now than three months hence. In a few weeks we will be putting up car- load shipments for our dealers and distributing centers and every effort in our big plant — the largest establishment in the world devoted to the manufacture of bee-supplies — will be directed to filling rush orders. You will be just as anxious for your goods as our other patrons, and will deserve and receive the same attention — no matter what the amount of your order may be, but WE CAN SERVE YOU BETTER NOW. and we want to make it worth your while to place an early order. Try this on a part of your Hst anyway. Saving at the rate of 12/t per year ought to interest everybody. WE MANUFACTURE EVERYTHING IN BEE-SUPPLIES. Get our 1912 catalog which gives descriptions, illustrations and prices on everything from bee-hives to bee-books, from frames to comb-foundation. Get this catalog now. The A. I. Root Company MEDINA, OHIO THE CHAS. F. MAY CO.. PRINTERS. DETROIT, M ICH . ^ — ^ Pit KIlQlmrl \Hr\MU\ii Published Mont% FEB. 1912 "W W ^^ DfTROIT MICHIGAN ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR Friction Transmission Self Starter Five Good Models There is a Cartercar for every need of the practical man and his family — four, five and seven- passenger Touring Cars, Coupe and Roadster. In these models are all the latest improvements in the au- tomobile world, and also the Cartercar features which have given satisfaction to thousands of drivers. For business needs, the Car- tercar is speedy, always ready and always reliable — and for pleasure it is luxurious, easy to drive, and with plenty of power to travel any roadway without jolting or tiring the occupants of the car. The patented Friction Trans- mission of the Cartercar pre- vents waste of power and is so simple and reliable that it is recognized as the most efficient form of transmission. It gives an unlimited numUer of speeds, adapting the car especially to country use. The Chain-in-oil Drive is ab- solutely noiseless, and running in a continual oil bath, there is practically no wear on the chain. Self Starter, Full Floating Rear Axle, Three Brakes, and many other features just as good, combine to make the Car- tercar the ideal car for every- one to drive. The self-starter makes it very easy for ladies to operate. The man who drives a Carter- car has more time for business — botli he and his family get more enjoyment out of life — and he finds that his car is one of the best investments he ever made. Let us send you complete in- formation. Cartercar Company v^. PONTIAC, MICHIGAN. _^ THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 41 2 Years f or H or jNJew Bee Book Free No. 1. — We have some extra back copies of the American Bee Journal for each month of 1911, and so long as they last we will send all these copies and to the end of 1912 (to a new subscriber) for only $1.00. This makes two years for the dollar. Better send in your dollar at once, and take advantage of this ofifer. It surely is a big bargain in bee litera- ture that you should accept if not now a subscriber. Why not order today? No. 2.— We have had Mr. C. P. Dadant revise Newman's "Bees and Honey" book of 160 pages, making it now nearly 200 pages, with over l.JO illustrations. It is called "First Lessons in Bee-Keeping," Just the book for beginners. Bound in strong paper cover, with brood-comb illus- tration. Price, 50 cents, postpaid ; or we will send it (to a new sub- scriber) with the American Bee Journal from now to the end of 1912— all for only $1.00. Sample copy of the American Bee Journal free. Address, GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 117 N. Jefferson St., Chicago, 111. EARLIEST POTATOES -'s Hardy NorlhprnGrown Alfalfa grows wherever Red Clover , lull produces per acre three tiinea the food value of Red Clover ini's tljat of Tinioth.v. This keeu statement is on the authority of the Agricultural Department. Salzer's Alfalfa is as hardy as oak. It's the bii^gfst, quickest continuous moaev-raaker for the farmer k EvGov. W. D. Hoard of Wisconsin writes : ''On .30 acres I raised over $1'500 worth of Alfalfa hay. There is no better money -maker that I know of." Kalzer's Earlletit Potato Collection composf'd of four rare earliest sorts and one later, all separately packed, full weight, per hbl., |4.00. The crop from this Collection should easily be sold off for Earliest Potatoes, netting you $r.!5.00. Onions. 8 Bie Pkg*.* ISo. Largest growers of Onion and Vegetable Seeds. For trial a big package .■ach of White Portugal, Yellow Globe Danvers and Red Wetb field Onion Seed for 12c. For 10c in stamps we mail I package of our Hardy Alfalfa Clover, also our Famoui Rejuvenated White Bonanza Oats, together with lot of other rare farm seed samples, as also our umoth Catalogue, if you ask for same. JOHN A. SALZER SEED CO ^13 South 8th Street La Crosse, Wisconsin THE GEO. B. HOWE ARTICLES WILL BEGIN IN THE MARCH NUMBER. Mr. Howe wrote nie this month that he had licen prevented from getting the first installment of his article on queen rearing ready for February. It seems he had it written, but being busy with other things omitted some of the things he wished to say, so is writing it over. We can afford to wait another month in order that Mr. Howe may get in all the things he wants to say. 42 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW BINGHAM Ori^nal Direct Draft CLEAN Bee Smokers BINGHAM SMOKERS Insist on Old Reliable Bingham Bee Smokers ; for sale by all dealers in bee-keepers' supplies. For over 30 years the standard in all countries. The smoker with a valve in the bellows, direct draft, bent cap, in- verted bellows and soot-burning device. Smoke Engine, 4-inch each $1.25; mail, $1.50 Doctor, 3^-inch each Conqueror, 3-inch each Little Wonder, 2-inch each Honey Knife each Manufadlured only by A. G. WOODMAN CO., Grand Rapids, Mich. 85; mail. 1.10 75 ; mail, 1.00 50; mail. .65 TO; mail, .80 Protection Hive The best and lowest price hive on the market. This hive has ^.s material in the outer wall, and is not cheaply made of y% material like some other hives on the market. Send for circular showing 12 large illustrations. It will pay you to investigate. A. G. WOODMAN CO., Grand Rapids, Mich. THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 43 "If goods are wanted quick, send to Pouder." BEE SUPPLIES Standard hives with latest improvements. Danzen- baker Hives, Sections, Foundation, Extractors, Smokers, in fact everything used about the bees. My equipment, my stock of goods, the quality of my goods and my shipping facilities cannot be excelled. PAPER HONEY JARS For extracted honey. Made of heavy paper and paraffine coated, with tight seal. Every honey producer will be interested. A descriptive circular free. Finest white clover honey on hand at all times. I buy beeswax. Catalog of supplies free. WALTER S. POUDER, Indianapolis,lnd. 859 Massachusetts Avenue. Make Your Own Hives Bee Keepers will save money by using our Foot Power SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford, Illinois. WHAT YOU GET AT C I N C 1 N N AT 1 Some things in addition to service, prompt and satisfactory shipments, and a real desire to please you, that come from the central point of dis- tribution. Root's Supplies — new and clean, and of the finest quality. New hives, new foundation — everything fresh from the factory in carload shipments. E.xRLY-oRDER DISCOUNTS FOR Cash : Three per cent for January; two per cent for Feb- ruary— a worth-while saving to which you are entitled. Don't fail to get your order in at once. Saving on Freight or Express. By buying here, part of the cost of transportation is borne by us. Vou pay only from Cincinnati. This is quite an item on large orders, and our patrons are coming to appreciate it more and more. Just bear these facts in mind, and liegin the new year right by ordering your season's supplies from C. H. W. WEBER & CO., 2146 CENTRAL AVENUE, CINCINNATI, OHIO 44 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW ^/, .ft falcon The See- Keepers' See Supplies. To insure best results See that you get FALCON goods. SECTIOIVS (^f White Basswood. FOUND ATION Made by our special process. HIVES Cut from white pine only. OTHER SUPPLIES. Every article needed by the bee-keeper. Send for Red Catalog. Give list of 1912 requirements for quotation from nearest dealer. W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO. li'licrc the good hcc-lnvcs come from. Factory, Falconer, N. Y., or 117 North Jefferson Street, Chicago, 111. 800 Cas2s of Second - Hand Honey Cans. At 19 Cents Per Case, These cans are occupying valuable space, and must be sjld this montli. To get tlieni your order must he mailed in February. ^\'e are making this low- price to move them at once, and any sized order will be accepted at 19 cts. per case of two sixty-pound cans, f. o. b. cars at Detroit. - _ These cans are clean and bright in- side, having had the honey drained out but not washed to rust tlicm, but the outside appearance is not good good enough for first-class honey. Just the thing, however, for No. 2 or bakers' grade of honey. Most cases have a I-iartition in the center. Address P>ox C, care The Bee-Keepers' Review, 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. National Bee -Keepers' Association OBJECTS OF THE ASSOCIATION The objects of this Association shall be to aid its members in the business of bee-keeping; to help in the sale of their honey and beeswax, and to promote the interests of bee-keepers in any other direction decided upon by the Board of Directors. OFFICERS AND EXECUTIVE BOARD. President — Ceo. W. York, Chicago, 111. Vice-Pres. — Morley Pettit, Guelph, Ont. Secretary — E. B. Tyrrell, Detroit, Mich. Treas.-Gen'l Mgr.--N. E. France, Plattsville, Wis. DIRECTORS. E. D. Townsend, Remus, Mich, Wesley Foster, Boulder, Colo. F. Wilcox, Mauston, Wis. J. E. Crane, Middlebury, Vt. J. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn, Annual Membership ii!1..^0, one-third, or 50 cents of which goes to the local branch where such branch is organized. Send dues to the Secretary. "Griggs Saves You Freight." TOLEDO Is the best point to get goods quick. Send us a list of the goods you wish and let us quote you our best price. 2% DISCOUNT IN FEBRUARY FROM CATALOG PRICES HONEY AND BEESWAX wanted in exchange for supplies. We also handle Butter, Eggs, and all kinds of farm produce. Write us what you have to sell. S. J. Griggs & Co. Toledo, O. No. 26 Erie St., near Monroe "Griggs, tlic King Bee" 46 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW A MONTHLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF HONEY PRODUCERS ^l.nn A ffar E. B. TYRRELL, Editor and Publisher Office OF Publication - - - 230 NA/oodlan d Aven ue VOL. XXV. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, FEBUARY 1, 1912. No. 2. The Question of Wintering and Spring Protection. HOMER MATHEWSON. "^^^ HIS much discussed subject of winlerins;- seems to be a sealed C y book to m.any, notwithstanding the mass of articles published in its regard. In m}- experience for the past ten years I have adopted the following plan : Beginning in the fall, first see that brood rearing is kept going as long as possible. That all colonies have ample stores. Xext, put them in the cellar, which I do about Xov. '^0 to Dec. 1st. In my opinion bees winter much better if allowed to see some cold weather. The cellar should be ample in size. Hives should be set on benches at least one foot high. Outward ventilation is absolutely necessary. A\'ith such arrangements the intake will usually be ^ufficient through holes in the wall and around the door. Loosen all covers and open entrances to fullest extent. Hang a piece of canvas in front of hives that will reach from ceiling to bottom of cellar. In regard to noise and other confusion I don't think it makes much, if an}-, difference. My cellar is opened from one to five times each day and the bees are perfectly quiet. During the warm weather in December I often open a three In' three-foot window in each end of the cellar and leave them open all night. For temperature I prefer a Avarm cellar, one seldom going below (30. but you must ventilate. The spring end of the matter is this : \\'e will suppose that conditions are right for setting out. About dark open doors and windows of cellar and commence to carry out a1:)OUt one hour later. Finish, if possible, that night. If the night be cold all the better. 48 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Contract entrances that night and next morning wrap all hives with straw up to the covers (see photo). Tie the straw with a string- around the hive. Put on cushions and, if weather is favorable, clean bottom boards. Commence with an extra and exchange the re- mainder. I have long been a convert of the Alexander plan of spring feeding. When you clean bottom boards fasten the feeder in posi- tion. In this feeder lies the success of the season. Feed a little each day until fruit bloom and between fruit bloom and clover and you will get a crop. No feed and the crop will not bother you. At time of setting out be sure to put all light weight colonies in the front row of the yard ; the stray bees from the yard will help build them up better than any manipulation I ever heard of. Binghamton, N. Y. [When I received the photo shown in this issue. I wrote Mr. Mathewson asking what that was piled up on the entrances of the hives. It looked like bees but I felt sure it couldn't be at a time when they needed spring protection. He replied that it was a variety of sea grass which he gets from an upholsterer who uses it for stuffing cushions. It is porous and will not pack. This method of using straw for spring protection has its good features, and is certainly a cheap and easy method. One would have to look out for fire, however, when using the smoker.] Improvement of the Bee — The Present Status of the Question. DR. A. F. BONNEY {Concluded Jrot)i January NiDiibcr) I suppose the five-banded Italian has been made such l)y long continued selection, but I see no reason for not belie\ing that muta- tions were actually involved in this selection. I cannot agree with Dr. Phillips' idea that it will require thousands of generations to bring about improvements in the honey bee. I believe it can be done very quickly if we can detect advantageous mutations when they do occur and can further keep these mutations by proper breeding. The latter problem though is a very difficult one, not onl}- on account of parthenogenesis being involved, but on account of the difficulty in controling mating. I see no practical way to control the latter except by having nothing but bees of a given strain in one locality. I fully believe that it is possible to get strains which will gather more honey than those we now have, and it seems within the realm of possibility that a non-swarming bee might make its appearance as a mutation. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 49 To get bees which will maintain larger colonies seems to be the most difficult thing of all, but after having seen what Dr. Castle has accomplished with other animals at the Bussey Institution I am inclined to think that nothing within reason is impossible in this line of work. I regret that I am not able to gi\e you any more definite informa- tion for I am simply a beginner in this sort of thing. A'ery truly }ours, A\ ir.Aiox Xewell. State Entomologist. October :?4, 1911. [A similar letter to Prof. Davenport produced the following reply] : Dr. A. F. Bonney, Buck Grove, Iowa. Dear Sir: — Your letter regarding improving bees received some time ago. The difficulty in improving the l)ee is entirely a technical one. It is possible that something may be done b}' injecting spermatozoa from the male into the young queen, or cages may be devised which will control the natural mating. If this can be done there is prob- ably no limit to the combinations that may be made of characters in existing bees. Sincerely yours, Chas. B. Davexport. [A letter from Dr. Bonney to Prof. \\\ E. Castle secured the fol- lowing reply] : Forest Hills. Mass.. September 27, 1911. Dr. A. F. Bonney, Buck Grove, Iowa. Dear Doctor Bonney : — I am a strong believer in the efficacy of selection to modify animals of all sorts. I base this opinion partly on experiments of my own which are still in progress, and partly on a critical examination of the experiments of others. The scientific basis of my views I have stated in part in a little book on heredity recently published by D. Appleton & Co., New York. I heartily concur in the statement of Professor Phillips as cited in your letter. The article which you mention from the Bee-Keefer's Reniew I have not yet had an opportunity to read but shall do so at an early date. Quite apart, however, from any special considerations con- cerning the honey bee I should subscribe to the general proposi- tion that no organism is a perfect and complete type in the sense that it cannot be changed by selection and breeding. Yours ^'ery truly, W. E. Castle. I am inclined to let the reader digest the above letters for him- self, and it must be apparent that there is much food for thought in them. Personalh' I have somewhat changed mv mind about the 50 THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW possibility of improving- the bee, or, rather, of bettering" a yard filled with bees, though at present I incline to the idea that it must be done by culling out the undesirable colonies, and in connection with this work raising a vast number of drones from excellent mothers, while we do not know but what the worst drone in the bunch will mate with our new queen. I think the time will come when students of heredity and JMendelism will agree wnth me that parthenogenesis and mating are such disturbing factors in the study of the bee that complete knowledge of this interesting animal is almost an impos- sibility. Further, I do not think the man who has to hustle for every pound of honey he can get during the season a very good per- son to study evolution, nor can they look to secure positive results when surrounded by farmer bee-keepers who never saw a drone-trap, not to mention wild colonies in adjacent timbers. The matter of improving bees is a formidable task for an untrained man, and the more bees there are in his vicinity the harder the work. The short life of the animal we have to deal with is a feature not to be over- looked, and one which, to my mind, will give us much trouble in producing a new strain or breed. Not only this, but we do not know what effect the drones have in the problem of mating, while it is probable that they are as important in building up a breed of bees as is the male of the quadruped in impro\'ing domestic stock. However, these are problems. If creative evolution be a scientific fact — and I am not ready to deny — the honey-bee can probably be improved. I was struck with what ^Ir. Newel said in regard to mutations in the bees, and suggest that his remarks about partheno- genesis and 'JMendelism be reread. Prof. Phillips is so well known to bee-keepers that it will not be at all necessary to call attention to his letter, but I do wish it noted that he makes no extravagant claims. 'Tf mating could be controlled," he says, "it seems entirely logical to suppose that ac- curate breeding would bring good results." Again, "However, it must be admitted, I think, that much of the breeding work now being attempted is probably faulty." How different is all this from some of my brash guesses, to say nothing about the claims of some bee-keepers as to the strains of bees they have produced in a couple or three seasons. I cannot refrain from telling would-be breeders of bees that any- where in the treeless plains of the Dakotas can be found hundreds of square miles where no stray drones will make love to fancy girl bees. Of course the bees would have to be fed, but that should not be a hardship considering the quality of queens ai'd drones one could — or might — get. I suppose about ninety-nine percentum of the bee-keepers in the United States care nothing about this matter, realizing how useless THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 51 it is to acquire honey and education at the same time, and the letters I offer do not seem to encourage research by cross-roads bee-keep- ers. I know from my correspondence with many bee-keepers that thev are. as a rule, very skeptical as to the claims of ']Miller, Howe, Miles and others, and recent discussions in Gleanings anent "Golden- all-over"' and "Long-tongued queens" have not lessened the dis- trust. Yet. if. as Prof Davenport says: "The difficulty in improv- ing the bee is entirely a technical one," we may hope to look for results. It seems that the National Government might establish an experimental station in one of the Dakotas, but the honey industry is probably not yet of sufficient importance, or the results to be obtained not sufficient to warrant the expense. Continued sickness has caused me to send this article out while far from perfect. I hope someone l)etter able will take up the work. Buck Grove. Iowa. Something More About the Caucasian Bee. J. W. BLAKELY. •jg DITOR Review: — My article concerning the Caucasian bee tC ill November issue of the Review has brought many in- quiries concerning" this race of bees and their management. \Vith the approval of the Editor I will endeavor to bring forward my method which such able writers as Gately of Arkansas, W. K. Morrison and the late and lamented W. E. Alexander have in a measure brought forward, yet the Orthodox bee-keeper still follows the old rut marked out by the wheels of antiquity. I have been successful with the Caucasians for the last four years. My method is as follows: USES A TWEIiVE-FRAMZ: HIVE. In the spring, after the frost is out and the earth has settled, my hives are made perfectly level — use a spirit-level and make no mistake. I use a 12-frame hive with frames made flush with the top. My hives all face East and use a double super which is the exact size of the hive, 83/2 inches deep with flat tins lyi inches wide. Spaced 4^ inches from center to center and nailed on the bottom of the super on which the double set of 96 sections rest, I use 454>^-i/'4^1/^ 4-bee way sections and space my brood frames 1^4 inches from center to center. Therefore, when this double super is put on the bee ways in the sections come in conjunction with the bee ways between the brood combs. Therefore we have a contin- uous bee-way from the bottom board to the top of the super — an ideal condition for super work. You will see there is no bee space whatever between the sections and the brood frames, only the thickness of the flat tins. I use nearly full sheets of foundation in 52 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 3 3 y/f//:^////y//M The Hive that J. W. Blakely Uses. tions to force thorn to swarm, if possible. This is very essen- tial in this locality, for if a colony di- vides its force l:»y swarming "the fat is in the fire." As far as surplus honey is concerned, when they do swarm I hive them in reg- ular hives or impro- vised boxes, and at evening I set this hive or box on top of the parent hive, entrance facing west. I leave them this way for four days. At evening of the fourth sections and bait- combs in the upper row of sections in this double super and the bees begin at the top first. I have never yet found brood or pollen in sections when working this method. I do not use queen excluders or separators, the sections are so nar- row and the hive be- ing set perfectly level. With nearly full sheets of foundation I have produced ex- tra fine honey by this method. SWA.RMING XKCOXTRAGES. I want my bees to swarm : in fact I bring about condi- J. W. Blakely's Double Depth Super THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 53 liay I set tlie new swarm carefully to one side. As I said before, my liives face east. I now tip the hive south anrl put a stick 20 inches long and one inch square between the bottom board and hive on the north. Tip hive north and put another stick of same dimensions under south edge of hive. I now have two entrances, the east one J^g. the west one even one inch the whole width of the hive. I uow open this hive and destroy all queen cells and shake the bees m the grass a few feet east of the hive, replace frames, put on ttom boards already in common use. THE BEST BOTTOM BOARD TO USB. 'J he l)est one for that purpose is one which I think is made by i:early all bee supply firms, and is the one having a J/g bee space on one side, and a ^4, space on the other, with the open or entrance ends facing- in opposite directions, and the side parts of the rimsi extending the full length of the board. The bottom board of this kind made by the Root Company has the side rims cut short at the length of the brood chamber only, so that while it can be used for this plan of swarm control, by making the other fixtures suited to it, it is decidedly inconvenient to tier up with in the cellar, for wintering with the bottom boards left on, for with such covers as the Excelsior the back end of the hive drops down, slanting the hive toward the back end, and that slant increases with each hive added to the pile. HOW TO USE THESE BOTTOM BOARDS. To use these bottom boards for swarm control, take three of them, and after removing the hive to be operated on from its stand, place one of them on the stand in its natural position, with the %■ side up, on this, also in its natural position place another with the }i side up. There is now between the two bottoms an open space or runway 1^ in, high and as wide as the bottoms, with an open- ing at the front and back ends, of Js i"- hy the width of the bot- tom boards. Next take one of the fixtures shown in cut Xo. 1. in which two of the fixtures are shown, one in position for use, and the other hanging on the front of the hive so as to show its construction, and the two bent tins which slip between the edges of the two buttons on the stand to hold the fixture in place when in use. The fixture is just a wooden rim with screen wire nailed on the front side of it, and two or more notches cut in the upper edge next the wire, big enough for bees to pass through, drones and all : on the back side, or that side which goes next to the ends of the two bottom boards, are nailed two bent tins, to stick between the ends of the two bottoms so that the fixture will stay put when in use. The fixture is made just high enough so that its upper edge, wken in place, comes just even or fiush with the floor surface of the upper of the two bottoms. 58 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Tuc Home of the Carniolans. {C(iui//'sv, hiipei ial-Royal Af;) . Ass'n.) All the fixtures required for tliis plan of swarm control should not cost more, I think, than about ."i cents per hive. MANIFUI.ATIONS NECESSARY. As I started to say, after placing- the two bottoms on the stand, put one of the fixtures at the front end of them, with the bent tins between them, and the w^ire side out or to the front, and the escape holes or notches for the bees at the top, as shown in cut No. 1. Next put a l)rood chamber, ])repared as for hivins^ a swarm, on the two bottoms; in it put the queen from the hive that you are working at, and a frame of l)rood if you like, and put on the honey board and all the supers. This leaves only the brovxl chamber frt)m which you have re- moved the cpieen to be provided for. Place it on the stand directly behind the hive that you have just fixed, with its bottom board ^s side up, and its front end. that is, the front end of the bottom board, tig-ht up against the back end of the two bottoms under the front hive, and raised on pieces of board % in. so that the floor of the back brood chamber comes flush with the opening- between the two front bottom boards. Put on the cover of the rear brood chamber, and close up the space oxcv the front end of the rear bottom board. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 59 between the two hives, with a piece of board cut for that purpose, and you are done. The hive is now as shown complete in cut No. 2^ and as the brood hatches out in the rear brood chamber, and the bees wish to fly, they do so, passing out between the two bottom boards under the front hive to the screen front and out near the entrance to the front hive, and the most of them cjuietly unite with those in the front hive. Downer's Grove, 111. [I don't know that I should comment on the alcove plan, for,. having never tried it, what I would say would be only a guess, but I should "guess" that the average bee-keeper numbering his colonies by the hundreds, would prefer a plan that only required the original hive, or at best an extra hive body, ^^'hile at first it would seem that the screen front is all that is needed, a careful analysis will show that in addition to that there are an extra hive body, one extra cover and two extra bottom boards. This, of course, does not mean that the plan outlined does not have its good features, for it has, and I have no doubt but what it will do all the writer claims for it.] Strengthening Foundation By Painting With Wax. O. O. POPPLETON. ■^^^ HE most serious difficulty in the use of foundation in brood \^J combs has been its tendency to stretch or sag, causing the combs to warp and bulge out of shape and the cells in the upper half of the comb to be stretched into different sizes and shapes, thus making very imperfect combs. The wiring of frames and the use of splints have been much in use to prevent this stretching. I have had no practical experience with splints, and wiring has not been fully satisfactory in my work. Some 30 years ago I used some foundation made on Oliver Foster's plaster molds. One set of molds I used made the founda- tion much thicker one edge than was the other, and when hung on frames with the thick edge up, was almost absolutely free from stretching; while other foundation that was of same thickness,. both edges, was not free from trouble. In 1888 I took charge of a large Apiary near Havana, Cuba, in which was used a Given press. This, old-time bee-keepers re- member, pressed the dipped sheets of wax between two plates, operated by a strong knuckle joint. By using the dipping boards side down instead of end down, they could be dipped only part way in the melted wax, after the entire jjoard had been properly dipped ; thus leaving the sheets of wax much thicker on one edge than they 60 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW were on the other. While all press foundations have some serious faults, yet the foundation made on the press entirely does away with the stretching. The two experiences with the press and the plaster molds showed that foundation could be made entirely free from the stretching fault, without at the same time materially adding to the amount of wax used, as the lower half of the founda- tion could be as much lighter as the upper half would be heavier. On coming back to the States from Cuba, I called the atten- tion of one or two of the largest manufacturers of foundation to the matter and asked if they could roll the foundation with one thicker edge, 1:)ut they replied, giving a mechanical reason why it couldn't be done, and the subject was dropped. FAIirriNG THE FOUNDATION WITH "WAX. Some six or eight years ago, I received a letter from Mr. Henry Yogeler of California, asking me to experiment with a method he had had patented, of painting the upper part of sheets of founda- tion with melted wax for the purpose of strengthening the same. I saw at once that this would probably do the work I had wished to have done and a thorough test proved very satisfactory. I have now used the method in my own Apiaries for several years, and consider it indispensible. While it don't, at least with my l?-inch deep frames, do absolutely away with all stretching, it does come so near ending the difficulty that about all practical trouble in that line is done away with. In practice I use a shallow wax-dish over a small oil stove, keeping the wax melted, but no hotter than is necessary to do that, and with a two-inch flat paint brush paint this hot wax over such part of the foundation as one wishes. The brush should be freed from any dripping wax by lightly brushing it over edge of the dish, then quickly over the foundation with a few light strokes first, then finish with several heavy strokes well bearing down on the brush. This leaves quite a rim of wax on the side walls, the more the better. It is somewhat of a knack to do the painting just right, but practice will soon teach one just the right touch. I usually paint at least half way down each sheet of foundation on both sides, but more will do no harm. Foundation made by the use of the Weed process of sheeting the wax seems to stand up much better than when sheeted by any other process. FEESINa WAX TO BEES. Several methods have been devised and some of them patented for feeding; back wax to the bees for them to use over again in building combs, but so far as I know none have been successful. Thi;- painting process not only strengthens combs, but seems to be THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 61 o. practical method of giving- wax to bees to l)e worked over again. So far as I have observed, bees seem to use substantially all the painted wax given them, thus saving the expense of having them secrete so much new wax. Miami, Florida. [Mr, Vogeler has sent me samples of the patented wax, and I am frank in saying that I believe the plan will do what is claimed for it. I have had no chance to try out the plan personally, but if a man with the experience that Mr. Poppleton has had pronounces the plan good, I am willing to accept his verdict until someone proves it wrong. While this process is patented (April 17, 1900), I have made arrangements with Mr. Vogeler whereby every paid-up subscriber of the Review can have the privilege, free, of using the plan on ten colonies of bees. This will give an excellent opportunity to test the plan in your own apiary, with no expenditure but for the wax and brush, I would like to hear from those who try it this sum- mer, telling me what success they have with the plan.] The Porter Bee-Escape. BY ADRIAN GETAZ. 3 HAVE used the Porter bee-escape since it was invented. My first trial was to put the escape board on the brood nest and the supers to be emptied on the escape-board. That did not work. It took quite a long time for the bees to come out of the supers, and sometimes they did not come out at all. On lifting the escape board, I always found the underside covered with bees. Evi- dently they were blockading the escape and preventing the egress of those above. Perhaps those in the supers being thus in '"touch" with those below did not feel isolated, and did not see any need of coming out. Perhaps both causes contributed to the result. I don't know. SEFAKATING THE SUPERS FROM THE BROOD NEST. -\fter considerable study, I concluded that the thing to do was to separate the supers from the brood nest. Consequently I put on the brood nest an empty super, then the escape board, and the supers to be emptied. That was much better, but did not always succeed. When the colonies were very strong and the brood nest could not contain all the bees, they started work in the empty super and formed a cluster which hung under the escape board and in- variably right under the escape itself, thus blockading it completely. 62 THE BEE-KEEPERo REVIEW The Carniolans Should Be Good Mountains Climbers. ( Com tt'iy, Royal-Iiiipt'i ial Agi . Ass' >i.) The remedy was easily found. Something- was to be provided in which they could cluster without hanging to the escape board. A super of empty sections is as good as anything else. The pro- gram then was to put it on the brood nest, then the completely empty super, then the escape-board and finally the supers to be cleared on the top. Quite a tower in shape and appearance. tboubili: with bubb combs. Another trouble, however, soon revealed itself. Frequently there is quite an amount of burr comb between the brood-nest and the first super. In separating themi these combs break and the honey they contain set running, often quite an amount. The result is that the bees in the supers above being too few to take care of it^ and anxious to get out fail to clean it and often quite a number of them get daubed and perish. Those below smelling the honey above make frantic efiforts to force an entrance through the escape and blockade it completely, usually one or two bees finally getting stuck in it. All get excited, raise an uproar inside and in front of the hive, and attract the robbers if there is any. The best is to adjust the whole as above described, but leave the escape board out until the {Cojitiniicd on page 77) THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 63 Published Monthly E. B. TYRRELL, Editor and Publisher Office — 230 "VVooillaua Ave., Detroit, Michigan. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1011, at the post office at Detroit, ^Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Ha- waiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. Discontinuances — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, ar.d a subscriber w'ishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. A«lvertising- rates on application. EDITORIAL W'hat is a failure? It's only a spur To a man who receives it aright. And it makes the spirit within him stir To go in once more and fight. If you never have failed, it's an even guess You never have won a high success. — Ed III II lid J^aiicc Cooler. It is not what }-ou get, but what ynu expect to get, that makes life worth livinu'. Bee-Keepers' Convention at London, Ont. I am looking forward to a pleasant meeting with the bee- keepers at their convention to be held in Toronto, in the Council Chambers, on February 29th and March 1st. An interesting pro- i^ram has been prepared, and besides myself there will be O. L. Hershiser from this side of the line. The first session will begin at 1:30 p. m., the 29th. second at 7 p. m., third at 9 a. m. the 1st, and last at 1 :30 p. m. Full pro- gram can be had by addressing the secretary, D. Anguish. Lambeth, Ont. Wisconsin State Bee-Keepers' Convention. According- to a printed letter from the Secretary, Gus Dittmer, the Wisconsin bee-keepers will hold their annual convention in the Supervisors' room at the Court House, Madison, Wisconsin, on February 20th and 21st. beginning at 10 a. m. the 20th. 64 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW No program is given but the letter states that the main fea- ture of their conventions has been the question box, and asks the members to come prepared with questions. This ought to be a live convention, judging" by the large number of progressive bee- keepers in that state. Imperial County, California, Establishes Quarantine Against Importation of Bees. ]\Ir. A. F. ^^'ag■ner. inspector of apiaries of Imperial County, California, informs me that the Board of Supervisors of Imperial County have just passed an ordinance, which becomes effective February 1, 191"^, preventing bees from being brought into the county from infected counties. He states that Imperial County contains about 11,000 colonies of bees, and with the prospects of a poor season in coast counties, there was danger of importing brood diseases. Any violation of the ordinance is punishable by fine or imprisonment, or both. Another California County Taking Precaution. Those California bee-keepers evidently do not intend to be taken unawares. E. F. McDonald, of Santa Paula, writes me that the \'entura County Bee-Keepers' Club at their meeting held at Fillmore, January 6th, voted to unite in a body w'ith the California State Association, and also upheld Inspector Allen in the matter of quarantining of all bees and queens from outside of the county on account of brood disease. All queens and bees now shipped into Ventura County must bear an inspector's certificate or they will be destroyed when they arrive. Good work, boys. The World is Small After All. This month there reached my desk the second copy of the South African Bcc-Kccpcrs' Journal. I picked it up. glanced through its pages, and the thought struck me at once that we are not living- in such a large world after all. I have often thought of Africa as a place w^here we send missionaries and where Dr. Livingston became lost among the savages, but upon looking at the full page cut on page 56, I found men and women wearing the same dress and with just as intelligent looks as any people I had seen in America. Of course, this will show my African brothers that I know very little about their country, but I am sure from the start the journal has made, and with the Bee-Keepers' Association back of it, it ought to have a very bright future. Here's success to you. Brother Oettle. THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 65 Should Labels Show Where Honey is Produced? A Cleveland grocer suggests that there should be a national law wkich would require that all honey should be labeled so as to show the state it was produced in. To me this seems like a good sug- gestion. Honey produced in different states has a flavor peculiar to that state. One who has become accustomed to eating the honey of a particular flavor is apt to be disappointed if he gets some that has a different flavor, even though the latter may be of an excellent quality and grade. If all honey was labeled to show in what state it was produced, it would allow the bee-keepers of any state to build up a demand for their particular flavor, and would get dififerent states to competing with each other in regard to quality. Of course there are arguments on the other side. Clover One Year Old. Geo. Shiber, Randolph, N. Y.. writes me as follows ■'In the December Review, page ii-i-t, it strikes me you are in error. You speak of the fact that next year will be a good time to prove whether clover yields the first year, etc. My experience has been, and I believe it has been so held by many writers, that by clover yielding the first year means plants that grow from seed that year." Now friend Shiber, I haven't understood it that way, and now is a good time to get it settled. Let us ask the rest of the sub- scribers. How many understand the matter the same as Friend Shiber? My understanding is that we could not very well look for honey from baby clover plants the year they were born, but that the next year, or when they were one year old they would yield, but some writers have given me the impression that they could not be depended on until the second year. Those Picture Grading Rules. Since the January issue was mailed, one extensive buyer of honey wrote me that I was making a big error in the illustrations shown. He writes that I should show the "high ideals." He says that as a rule bee-keepers have low grades of honey, and according to my illustration will understand that number two is a fancy grade. A subscriber, on the other hand, writes that the pictures will help him in grading his honey, and then goes on to ask regarding the siac and zvcight of sections according to the difl'erent grades. He states that he has been in the habit of grading all his 12-ounce sections by themselves, the 12y2 by themselves, and so on up for everv half ounce. 66 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW For a long time I have suspected that we would be surprised if we knew how the printed grading rules were interpreted. In Cider to find out just how the matter does stand I am in hopes that I will get many letters regarding those pictures. I really expected when I put them at the head of the honey quotations, that they would stir up a discussion, and I hope I was not wrong. \\'hen I get the matter pretty well presented by both buyer and seller, I will give you a sum-up in the Review. If those pictures are not a fair representation we want to know it, and if they are they will help wonderfullv the bee-keeper who wants to grade correctly. I will confess that it was sometimes a puzzler to me to know how to grade by reading the i)rinted rules we have had. Buying Bees South to Move North in the Spring. There is a field that up to this time is practically unexplored. That field is in buying bees in the south in the spring, and shipping them north for the honey flow. Already there is a slight move in that direction, as I have learned recently of two or three bee-keepers who will try it out this year. Besides some have already tried it in previous years, and while there are no doubt many things con- ducive to failure, yet it seems to me that the principle is good, and I would not be surprised to see it developed into a big industry in a few years. In order that something may be known definitely as to what can be done, I would like some of my southern subscribers to write me telling just what bees can be bought for in their locality, where one is willing to take them in any kind of a box or hive. If the plan is ])ractical, let's develop it. Association of Apiary Inspectors of the United States and Canada. The following from Dr. E. F. Phillips is self explanatory. The Review wishes to commend the movement and stands ready to do anything it can to further the same. The letter is as follows : On December 30th, 1911, in Washington, D. C, there was formed a temporary organization of the above name with a view to increasing the efficiency of apiary inspection and to bring about a greater uniformitv in the laws and more active co-operation be- tween the various inspectors. A committee on permanent organization was formed to report at a meeting to be held in Cleveland, Ohio, in December, 1912, in connection with the meeting of the Association of Economic Entomologists. Prof, ^^'ilmon Howell, College Station, Texas, is chairman of this committee. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 67 A standing committee was also appointed on legislation for the purpose of drawing up a law incorporating the necessary and de- sirable features. The undersigned was appointed chairman of this committee. . All apiary inspectors and official entomologists of the United States and Canada who are interested in the advancement of apicul- ture are invited and urged to join in this movement for an in- creased efficiency in the fight against the brood diseases. For the present it was decided to levy an assessment of $1 per year on each member to pay necessary expenses. It is hoped that arrangements may later be perfected for affiliation with the Association of Eco- nomic Entomologists. Requests for membersliip and the assess- ment may be sent to the undersigned. Respectfully, E. F. Phillips, Secretary. Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C. Dr. Burtox X. Gatks, Amherst. Mass. Chairman. What the National Bee-Keepers' Association Will Do This Year. As every bee-keeper knows, the meeting of the Board of Direc- tors, held in Detroit, January 23, was probably the most important of any Board meeting held in the history of the Association. Plans of re-organization had to be considered, as well as just what the Association Avould and should do for its members. One of the most important needs of the bee-keepers, as it appeared to the Directors, was an accurate knowledge of crop condi- tions. To get this, it was decided to send out crop reports early in the season to every member and from the information so obtained, advise the members, either direct or through the Bee Journals, as to the conditions. -. The Board also found that the question of honey packages was an important one. At the present time, there is not near the uni- formity there should be. Xo special weight of tin or size of can has been adopted in the past and many shippers were using a tin entirely too light. Samples of honey-cans were inspected by the Board with the decision that the Secretary be instructed to make the best possible arrangements for furnishing the members with the tin hone3'-packages the coming season. The orders wall be handled directly through the Association office and will not be sent by the member to the can manufacturers as in the past. 68 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW In discussing the question of packages for comb honey, and realizing that there are a number of different kinds and shapes in the market, it was thought best that in order to promote uniformity of a comb honey package, the Association should take steps to secure for its members, at the lowest possible prices, the double tier, 2-i-lb. shipping case, which was adopted by the Association at its last convention. These cases should be furnished according to specifications so that every member buying through the National, would be using exactly the same case as every other member. In order to induce a more general adoption, it was thought advisable to furnish them at a low price. The Secretary was also instructed to investigate paper shipping-cases, as well as glass packages. This action was not taken with a idea of getting into the supply business, but to promote the using of uniform packages by the members, which then will simplify the queston of marketing and eventually raise the price the bee-keepers can obtain. The question of marketing honey was thoroughly considered and many plans were presented. The one finally decided upon was that for the coming season, the National Association^ should act in the capacity of a broker for its members where desired. It is not expected or desired that all members will ship their honey through the Association, but realizing that many are not in touch with the best markets, it was thought that no better move could be made then to assist these members in obtaining the proper return for their honey crop. To do this selling agencies will be established in several of the larger cities, and the sales will be directed through the Association. A member ha\ing honey to sell could first get instructions from the Secretary, who is expected to keep in close touch with market conditions, take into consideration the feiglit rates, and then give the member full instructions as to shipment. The Association does not intend to buy and sell honey, but simply to assist the producers in finding the best possible market. The promotion of local branches will be encouraged and wherever a local ])ranch desires to get out a booklet, such as has been used by the Michigan Association, assistance will be given b\' the National Association. This feature will be encouraged. The advertising of this booklet will be cared for by the National, but \y\\\ probably be confined to the four Bee Journals, on the start. National Committee on Legislation Already Busy. That President York selected wisely when naming the National Legislative Committee, as mentioned on page 344 of last Review, is proven by the fact that they are already at work. Chairman W. THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 69 A. Selser, in writing me under date of December loth, stated tliat the committee called on Secretary Wilson the l:?th, after a meeting- was held in the parlors of the St. James Hotel, and presented their request. Later that request was presented in writing, and is given herewith. The committee also passed a resolution urging the Na- tional to hold its next convention in Washington, believing that by so doing greater pressure can be brought to bear in the interests of national legislation for bee-keepers. The letter sent Secretary Wil- son reads as follows : December 13, 1911. Honorable Jas. Wilson, Sec. of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Honored Sir: — In response to your request of the Legislative Committee of the National Bee Keepers' Association, that visited you on the twelfth inst., that we repeat in writing our request, that you so kindly prom- ised to do what you could to aid us in. In view of the fact that the various states are not issuing bulletins and disseminating knowledge on the subject, it becomes necessary for us to make the special appeal to the Federal Government. First — That you instruct your department to send the Farmers' Bulletin, 442, on Foul Brood to every farmer who keeps bees in the I'uited States, there being a decrease largely on account of this dis- ease of nearly a million hives of bees since last census, that the danger of spread in healthy locations, makes it necessary to have ever}' bee keeper informed of the symptoms, and the treatment of the disease. Second — That you also instruct yottr department to issue a statement to all county papers, warning the bee keepers of the dan- ger of the disease, and that they could have a bulletin for the ask- ing, that would be helpful to them, as well as their neighbor bee- keepers. Third — That your department be allowed to send out an ad- vanced card to the bee-keepers, enlightening them as to the nature of the disease and the bulletin published. Fourth — That your department issue a Farmers" Bulletin stat- ing the relation of bees to horticulture, and the danger of spraying fruit trees while in bloom, as being fatal to the bees, which are so essential to them. Fiftli — That your department issue a Farmers' Bulletin giving the nutritious value of honey as a food, and some receipts as to its present unknown uses in food preparation, as very helpful to the citizens of the L'nited States in general. {Co?itinued on page J4) 70 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW SELECTED ARTICLES AND EDITORIAL COMMENTS Gigantic Industry Is Built Up by California Fruit Growers' Exchange Just now, when co-operation is l)eing' considered by bee-keepers all over the country, it occurred to me that the readers would be interested in knowing what is being accomplished along this line by the California Fruit Growers. I am indebted to ^Ir. James K. Hed- strom for the following clipping taken from the Los Angeles Exam- iner: For eighteen years the California Fruit Growers' Exchange has waged a persistent campaign of advertising for the citrus growers of California. During this time the Exchange has l^een one of the lead- ing factors in bringing fruit growers to the state and in scattering the fame of the California orange belt all over the world. The Cal- ifornia orange, largely through the efforts of the California Fruit Growers' Exchange, has become as common in the large centers of the middle west and east as the apple — and this means millions of dollars annually to the citrus growers of this state. The objects of the exchange have been and are to teach the grower to economize in the growing, marketing and packing of the fruit ; to encourage the improvement of the product and to widen the distribution, and increase the consumption in order to take care of the rapidly increasing crop, this latter by advertising and placing salaried representatives in the consuming centers who work solely for the exchange and devote their entire time toward boosting Cal- ifornia citrus fruits. These are the principal objects and purposes as set forth by the exchange : To lessen the cost of marketing l)y creating agencies who will act for each member. To insure the collection of sales. To facilitate the collection of damage claims. To encourage the improvement of the product and the package. To increase the consumption of citrus fruit by developing new markets and to aid in supplying all the people with good fruit at a reasonable price. To secure a fair and just government of all bodies affiliated with these parties, democratic in principle and through which at all times policies shall be controlled by the majority will of the shippers con- THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 71 iiected therewith in just proportion to shipments made. That the lousiness engaged in, being inter-state in character, to secure at all times full compliance with the laws of the United States concerning interstate commerce, and to that end prevent any organization con- nected therewith from having any power or authority in contraven- tion of the laws of the United States concerning such business. The general plan being to unite in securing those results which are ben- eficial to all alike, but at the same time preserving to each shipper <'omplete independence of action as to all of his shipments. There- upon the following stipulations are agreed to in lieu of all previous agreements. First — The party of the first part shall be considered the general agent of all the parties of the second part in all matters concerning the marketing of citrus fruit, and such other matters as are incident thereto within the limitations hereinafter pro^•lded, with power to provide a suitable place for doing business. To elect or appoint a suitable official force to supervise the bus- iness, at such salaries as may from time to time be considered proper hv the directors of the party of the tirst part. To employ a force of sales agents stationed at various points throughout the United States. Canada, and such other countries as may be decided upon as will be sufficient to dispose of the products of the second parties in all available territory. To organize and maintain a claim department for the handling of all claims. To maintain a legal department to take care of the necessary litigation, and furnish advice to the various organizations connected herewith. To maintain an advertising bureau for the purpose of stimulat- ing consumption and demand. To create any other department, or incur an}- other expense which may be deemed necessary by the board of directors of the party of the first part to protect all those interests of the parties of •.he second part of a general nature, and which will affect all alike, Avithin the scope of the duties of the first party as herein provided. Through more extensive advertising on the part of the exchange uit Growers' Supply Company was organized in 1907 for the purpose of buying all the ])acking materials used by the exchange growers. Through it, very favorable contracts have been made at fair prices, so that the charg- ing of exorbitant prices by the manufacturer and seller has been difificult, if not impossible. The Porter Bee Escape. (Continued /ro>n page 6^) running honey is cleaned out, and the excitement has subsided. This usually takes about an hour. Then the escape board can be put in. About three or four hours at the most are needed for emptying the supers of the bees. Often very much less, sometimes only half an hour. WIDE KIM ON i:3CAFi: BOAKS NEEDED. One more precaution must be mentioned. The upper rim of the escape-board should not be less than ^4 or V?, n\c\\ thick. With thinner rims it might happen, in fact it has happened once with me, that the burr combs under the super would touch the escape- board perhaps just where the escape is, and close it entirely. Knoxville. Tenn. National Committee on Legislation Already Busy. {Contiujied from page 6g) As the committee understands it, the first, second and third were in the form of a request, of which, the first you held under advise- ment. The second and third you agreed to acquiesce to our request. The fourth and fifth were only in the form of a suggestion, and you felt also with us that such bulletins would be very helpful, and you approved the same. The committee desires to thank you for your courteous audience given them yesterday, and reiterate the gratitude they feel toward your department, in the many ways you have helped us along the lines of the bee industry. (Signed) Wm. A. Selser^ Philadelphia, Chairman. J. H. M. Cook, New York, N. Y. N. W. SAUNDER.S, Rockville, Md. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 75 THE POOREST SECTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT IN THE GRADE NAMED ' 1 FANCY NUMBER ONE NUMBER TWO HONEY QUOTATIONS By the quotations given below, you will notice that the honey market is still in an unsettled condition. Prices remain about the same, but the demand is prac- tically at a stand-still. This should pick up, however, during the next two months, and it is no doubt advisable for bee-keepers having honey to sell to become active. Except in the possible case of off grades, it doesn't seem advisable to shade prices any to make sales, neither do we think higher prices can be obtained, owing to the prevailing high price at present. If there is any exception to this it would be in the case of comb honey of a fancy or number one grade. DEN\'ER. — We are quoting our local market in a jobbing way as follows: No. 1 white comb, per caes of 24 sections, $3,60; No. 1 light am- ber. $3.40; No. 2, $3.15. White extracted honey per lb., Oc; light amber 8c, and strained 6J4 to 7y2C. We pay 26c in cash and 28c in trade for clean yellow beeswax delivered here. THE COLOR.ADO HONEY PRO- DUCERS' ASSN. Jan. 22. F. Rauchfuss, Mgr. BOSTON — Fancy white comb honey 17c to 18c. Light amber 16c. Amber 15c. Fancy white extracted 10c to lie. Light amber and amber extracted Sc to 9c. Wax 30c. BLAKE LEE CO., Jan. 20. 4 Chatham Row. TOLEDO. — Replying to your postal of l/18th, beg to advise that there is practically no change in quotations from our last. All grades of honey are quiet, and owing to cold weather, we do not look for any demand until the weather moderates. Beeswax is in fair demand and brings from 30 to 35c, depending on quality. Jan. 19th. S. J. GRIGGS & CO. CINCINNATL — Market on comb honey has fallen off somewhat, only demand for fancy white, selling in retail way at $4.00, to jobbers at $3.60 to $3.75, according to quantity. Extra white extracted in 60 pound cans at 10 cents, light amber in 60 pound cans at Syi cents, amber in barrels 7 to 7^ cents, beeswax fair demand at $33.00 per hundred. Above are selling prices, not what we are paying. Jan. 20. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. CHICAGO. — There is more activity in the honey trade than was experienced during the latter part of December, and sales are about normal in quantity in both comb and extracted honey. For fancy grades of comb we still con- tinue to get 17 to 18c per lb., and the supply is not heavy. For grades running below this there is a variation in price from Ic to 5c per lb. Extracted white grades rim from 7c to Oc per lb., according to flavor and quality of honey. Ambers range from 7c to Sc per lb. Beeswax is steady at from 30 to 32c per lb. Tan. 20. R. A. BURNETT & CO., 173 W. South Water Street. KANSAS CITY, MO.— The supply of both comb and extracted honey is not large, and the demand is not heavy. We quote: No. 1 white comb, 24 sec. cases at $3.25; No. 2 white comb, 24 sec. cases at $3.00; No. 1 amber comb, 24 sec. cases at $3.00; No. 2 amber, 24 sec. cases at $2.75; extracted white, per lb., 8^ to 9c; extracted amber, per lb., 8 to SJ-aC; extracteddark, per 11)., SJ^c; beeswax, dark, per lb., 25 to 28c. Jan. 22. C. C. CLEMONS PRODUCE CO. NEW YORK. — Comb honey is well cleaned up, and prices are well sustained for what little odd lots are coming in. As to extracted, the market is weakening, and prices gradually declining. Strictly fancy clover, California white and water white sage hold their own fairly well, on account of not much stock be- ing around. There are large supplies of all other grades, such as alfalfa, amber, light am- ber, and white, etc., and prices show a decided downward tendency. In fact in large quan- tities, quotation prices will have to be shaded in order to affect sale. We quote nominalh': Alfalfa, 6^2 to "Yzc per pound, according to quality; California white sage at from 8^c to 9c per pound; water white at from 95^2 0 to 10c per pound; white clover at from 9c to 10c per I)ound; buckwheat at from 6^ to 7c per pound. Beeswax steady at from 30c to 31c per pound. Jan. 20. HILDRETH & SOZELKEN. 76 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW CINCINNATI. — The condition of the honey market reminds one of a ship that is beached, and must await the high tide to move it. It is useless to try to offer any indvicements to make sales, and to cut prices, owing to the small profit, would not only be a loss but would rum the conditions. Nevertheless, we do not over- look opportunities to make sales. For the fancy grades of table honey we are gettmg from 10c to lie a pound in 60-lb. cans, and for amber honey of the better grades from Sc to 9c. while for the low grades from 6c to Tc, according to the quality and quantity put- chased. These are our selling prices: Comb honey is moving somewhat slower than for some time back, and we are now getting from $.3.75 to $4.00 a case. For choice, bright yel- low beeswax, we are paying 30c a pound in cash, delivered here. THE FRED W. MUTH CO. Tan. 19. , 51 Walnut street. Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your advertisement in this department. I ^ FOR SALE For Sale.— Water white and light-amber alfalfa and light-amber fall honey, put up in any size packages. First class. Dadant & Sons, Hamilton, 111- For Sale. — Empty second-hand 60-lb. cans, as good as new, two cans to a case, at 25 cts. per case. C. H. W. Weber & Co., Cincinnati, O. Rhode Island Red Cockerels that are Red. Have spent three years line breeding. These are the first I have offered for sale. Dr. R. p. Wixom, 273 Euclid Ave. East, Detroit, Mich. Golden Italian Oueens that produce golden bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found, tach ?1, six $5; tested $2. J. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. For Sale. — One new bee hive, double walled. Hatch wax-press, and bee papers. F. 1- Hooper, E. Downington, Fa. For Sale or Exchange.— Gasoline engine, belting, shafting, etc. Buttercups, S. C. \\ • Leghorns for sale. Claud Irons, Linesville, Pa^ The Egner System of Bee-Keeping will in- crease both vour colonies and honey crop. Union bee-hive and queen. Price ten cents. Bee and poultry supplies for sale or exchange. Jos Egner, Lavergne, 111. For Sale. — Eastman kodak. Takes pictures 314 by 5^. Good as new. H. L. Bowers, Rt. 1, Port Royal, Pa. Buff Orpingtons — S. C. Cook's birds di- rect. Great winter layers. 15 eggs $2.00. R. B. Chip.man, Clifton Heights, Del. Co., Pa. Colonies of Italian Bees in L. hives, 10- fr., full of stores — any time. Jos. W'allrath, ,\ntioch, Cal. Will Exchange a four-frame automatic ex- tractor for nuclei or cash, cheap. B. F. S.MiTH, Jr., Cowley, Wyo. White Wyandotte Cockerels, $2.50, $3.00 and $3.50 each. From thoroughbred stock and heavy layers. A. Franklin Smith, Rt. 9, Ann Arbor, Mich. BuTTERCUPA and Houdans for large white eggs. Fine cockerels $3.00 and $5.00. RiVERViEW Poultry Farm, Union City, Mich. For Sale. — 6J/2 acres of best level land; new eight-room house; fine large spring and branch; 5500 sq. feet of greenhouses; cannery; other out-buildings; right at city limits, population 20,000; fine market; $4000 to $5000 yearly business; good for bees. Write for price and further particulars. M. D. Andes. Bristol, Tenn. Golden Queens. — Very gentle, very hardy, and great surplus gatherers. Untested, five and six band, $1.00; select tested, $3.00; also nuclei and full colonies. Send for circular and price list to Geo. M. Steele, 30 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, Pa. LiLLiE Farmstead Poultry. — B. P. Rocks, R. I. Reds, and S. C. W. Leghorn eggs for sale. 15 for $1; 26 for $1.50; 50 for $2.50. Colon C. Lillie, Coopersvillt, Mich. Silver, Golden and White Wyandotts. — Choice breeding stock at reasonable prices. Catalogue free. Browning's Wyandott Farm, Rt. 33, Portland, Mich. For Sale. — Amber and buckwheat honey in new 60-lb. tin cans. C. J. Baldriuge, Home- stead Farm, Kendaia. N. Y. Ringlet Barred Plymouth Rocks. — Fine, healthy, well barred cockerels and pullets at $2.00 each. Prize winners at our County Fair. R. J. Schloneger, Pigeon, Mich. For Sale. — Clover, basswood, alfalfa, sage or light amber fall honey. First-class stock put up in any sized cans. Send for price list. M. V. Facey, Preston, F'illmore Co., jMinn. For Sale.— New crop of alfalfa seed; 4 pounds by mail, prepaid, $1.10; 50 to 100 lbs., 141/^ cts. per lb. Sacks, 25 cts. extra. R. L. Snodgrass, Rt. 4, Augusta, Kansas. In Florida. — Root supplies. Save transpor- tation. Free catalog. G. F. Stanton, Buck- ingham, Fla. Complete Co.mb-IIoney Outfit for 1,000 colonies, consisting of 460 colonies of bees in good condition; hives with worker combs, su- pers filled with sections, etc. Correspondence solicited from parties meaning business. Ad- dress Frank Rauchfuss, 1440 Market St.. Denver, Colo. For Sale. — 175 colonies of bees in 8-frame hives, run for comb honey, with 500 comb- honey supers, and about 35 full-depth hive- bodies filled with honey for next season's feed- ing. I am close to the Nevada State-line. No foul brood in this valley. H. Christensen, Coleville, Mono Co., Cal. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 77 For Sale. — 560 acres of land in Arkansas, in the rice belt. Half cash; balance, city property. T. J. Greenfield, Hickory Ridge, Ark. For Sale. — Clover honey ripened on the hive, in 60-lb. cans; gathered in June, ex- tracted in August. Sample free. J. F. Moore, Tiffin, Ohio. For Sale. — Choice light-amber extracted honey — thick, well ripened, delicious flavor. Price 9 cts. per lb. in new 60-lb. cans. J. P. Moore, Morgan, Ky. For Sale. — A full line of bee-keepers' sup- plies; also Italian bees and honey a specialty. Write for catalog and particulars. The Fenn Co., Penn, Miss. (Successor to J. M. Jenkins.) For Sale — A. I. Root Supplies. Every- thing needed in the apiary. bend for cata- logue. Prices right. Sawyer & Hedden, Irv- ington. New Jersey. For Sale. — Finest quality white clover and basswood blend extracted honey, in new 60-lb. cans, $6.25 for single can, $12.00 per case of two cans. F. O. B. Flint. Cash with order. Leonard S. Griggs, 711 Avon St., Flint, Mich. For Sale. — Clover, clover-basswood blend. niMk-week, and raspberry extracted honey in packages to suit. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. "Eggmakers" — S. C. Brown Leghorns. State wide reputation. Cockerels $2.00, $3.00 and $5.00 each by return express. Wm. J. Cooper, Mt. Pleasant, Rt. 8, Mich. Fruit Lands, general store in English col- ony; apiary locations for sale, rent, or trade; bees, queens, honey, wax hives, and other sup- plies; fine opportunity for tropical bee-man with small capital; climate and lands finest in the world. Gather honey the year round. No land agent. I own all I offer. D. W. Millar. Bartle, Oriente, Cuba. February 20th and later I offer 400 thrqe-frame neuclei with tested Italian qiujen for $3.50 each. Untested Italian queen for 75c each. Satisfaction guaranteed. My strain of Italian hees are developed honey- gatherers, result of 19 years record-keeping and selecting. No bee-disease has ever been near my bees. W. D. Achord, Fitzpatrick, Bul- lock Co., Alabama. WANTED Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey, and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 W. S. Water St., Chicago. Wanted. — To buy amber and dark extracted honey; to sell, second-hand 60-lb. cans. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. Hildreth & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. Wanted. — To buy 100 colonies of bees for spring delivery. Address E. B. Weirick, Prescott, Mich. Will pay 20 cents for February, 1004, num- ber of the Bee-Keepers' Review. O. .\. Keen, Topeka, Kans. Wanted. — Help for the active bee season of 1912 — one or two young men who want to learn bee-keeping; board promised, and a little more if we do well. Wanted, also, a carload of bees, spring delivery. R. F. Holtermann, Brantford, Ont., Canada. Wanted. — Assistant apiarist. Must be steady, honest, and willing to go to Colorado or Mon- tana as needed. The Rocky Mountain Bee Co.. Berthoud, Colo. Wanted. — You to write me before ordering your hives. I have the use of a complete wood-working shop during the winter. Price, 8 frame Langstroth hive $1.00, 10 frame $1.10. Satisfaction guaranteed. Sample hive nailed and shipped at above price. Frank Rasmussen, Greenville, Mich. Paint WithoutOii Remarkable Discovery That Cuts Down the Cost of Paint Seventy- Five Per Cent. A Free Trial PaekaKe i.s Mailed to Everyone •»vln» Writes, A. L. Rice, a prominent maniifacturer of Adams, N. Y., has discovered a pro- cess of making a new kind of paint witiiout the use of oil. He calls it Powderpaint. It comes in the form of a dry powder and all that is required is cold water to make a paint weather- proof, fire proof and as durable as oil paint. It adheres to any surface wood, stone or brick, spreads and looks like oil paint and costs about one-fourth as much. Write to Mr. A. L. Rice, Manuf'r., 303 North Sjt., Adams, N. Y., and he will send you a free trial package, also color card and full information show- ing you how you can save a good many dollars. Write today. CHAS. ISRAEL & BROS. 488-490 Canal St,. New York Wholesale Dealers and Commission Merchants in Honey, Beeswax, Maple Sugar and Syrnp, Ete. Consignments solicited. Established 1875. GRAPE VINES Best varieties for vineyard and garden. Mil- Send lor lions of vines for sale. Our free book giv s F R F F instruction for planting, cultivating and prun- nnnv ing. Profusely illustrated. Issued by the "W"**- largest growers of grape vines and small fruits in the country. X. S. HUBBARD CO., Box 48, Fredonia, N Y At Last — A Comfortable Motorcycle The Ful-Floteing seat on the new Harleyliavidson Motori-ycle eliminates jolts, jars and all vibrations. The Free- wheel Control, another e.vclusive fea- ture makes it possible to start the Harley-Davidson like an automobile, without pedalinj; or runninj; alongside to start motor. Write tor catalog:. Harley-Davidson Motor Co., 344 A St., Milwankee 78 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Why Not Have a Good Light? Here It Is! Bright, Powerful, Economical. Odorless, Smokeless. Every one guaranteed. The Lamp to READ, WRITE and WORK by. Indis- pensable in your home. If your dealer hasn't got them, send his name and address and your name and address and we will mail as many as you want at 25c each. AGENT.S WANTED EVERY- ^thFsteel mantle light CO. S33 Huron St., Toledo, O. Established ISSo WE CARRY AN UP-TO-DATE LINE OF Bee-keepers' Supplies Write for our 50-page catalog free, and for lowest prices on supplies. Full information given to all inquiries. We handle the best make of goods for the bee-keeper. Freight facilities good. Let us hear from you. John Xel)el & Son Supply Co., High Hill, 3Io. MEXICO AS A BEE COUNTRY B. A. Hadsell, one of the largest bee-keepers in the world, has made six trips to Mexico, investigating that country as a bee country, and is so infatuated with it that he is closing out his bees in Arizona. He has been to great expense in getting up a finely illustrated 32- page booklet describing the tropics of Mexico as a Bee Man's Paradise, which is also su- perior as a farming, stock raising and fruit country, where mercury ranges between 55 and 98. Frost and sun-stroke is unknown. Also a great health resort. He will mail this book free by addressing B. A. HADSELL, Lititz, Pa. WANTED WHITE HONEY Both comb and extracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. HILDRETH & SEGELKEN 265-267 Greenwich St. New York, N. Y. American Butter & Cheese Co., 31-33 Griswold St., Detroit, Mich. Always in the market for choice comb honey. Write us. Queen - Bee Cuts For Sale I have had several calls for cuts of queens. So far I have been unable to supply them, but from now on I oan furnish you, postpaid, a cut like the one shown in this adver- tisement for fifty cents. Can send you as many as you want at this price. ■Address" The Bee - Keepers' Review 23|0 Woodland Avenue, Detroit, Mich. SECTIONS ^ We make a specialty of manufaduring Sedtions. ^ Prompt shipments on all Bee-Keepers' supplies. CATALOGUE FREE AUG. LOTZ & CO. BOYD, WISCONSIN AQUASUN One gallon of dark honey makes 200 to 300 gallons of Aquasun, which is finer in flavor and more nutritious than any apple or grape juice. Made quickly, by agitation, same as buttermilk. ANTABUM One gallon of dark honey makes 20 to 40 gallons of Antabuni, which, fed to bees, as a spring tonic, enables them to digest and store 3 to 5 times as much honey as when not so assisted. Either process, by mail, $1. C. W. DAYTON, Chatsworth. Calif. SWEET CLOVER Seed, for winter sowing on top ground. Circular how to grow it free. nukharn Seeil Co., Box 2Jt«-C, Kal mouth, Ky. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 79 MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best young basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. ResultsCount When you buy COMB FOUNDATION you look for RESULTS. THE DIITMER PROCESS CO.MB FOUNDATION is the right SMELL, the right TASTE and the right FIRM- NESS to give the BEST RESULTS. The DITTMER PROCESS COMB FOUNDATION is so like the Bees- wax the Honey Bees would SHAPE and MOULD for themselves, it makes it very acceptable to them. This assures a FULL CAPACITY HONEY CROP, and remember, to you, Mr. Bee Keeper, HONEY IS MONEY. A Liberal Discount Offered on All Sup- plies. Write for Prices. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. Gus. Dittmer Co. Augusta, Wisconsin. THE SECRET OF Success in Bee Keeping Is To Keep Your Colony Strong; To Do This You Must Have Good Laying Queens Which we Guarantee at the forowing Prices: [Golden] [3 Band Italian] [Carniolan] Untested— 1 for sfl.OO, G for $5.40. 12 for .$9.00, 25 for $17.50. Tested—] for $1.50, 6 for $8.40. 12 for $15.60, 25 for $30.00. Nuclei with Untested Queen— 1 Frame $2.50, 2 Frame $3.50, Si.x 1 Frame $15.(;.0, Six 2 Frame $20.40. Nuclei with Tested Queen — 1 Frame $3.00, 2 Frame $4.00. Six 1 Frame $17.40, Six 2 Frame $23.40. The Drones used in our Apiary for Mating purpose are reared from the very best selected Queens, which is as necessary as the selecting of a good Queen for Queen rearing. J'or good Queens and quick .service \()U can not do better than place your order with us. We guarantee safe arrival and satisfaction. Directions for Ijuilding up weak Colonies will he mailed to you for 10 cents. The above Queens are all reared in separate yards. W. J. LITTLEFIELD, R. F. D. No. 3 Little Rock, Ark. 80 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW A New Year's Resolution for the Year 1912 I will keep more bees. I will devote more time to my bees. I will give more thought to my bees. I will co-operate with the local and national organizations. I will use Lewis Beeware. THE NEW 1912 LEWIS BEEWARE CATALOG IS NOW READY FOR YOU. THE BEST WE HAVE EVER ISSUED. ENTIRELY REWRITTEN WITH NEW ILLUSTRATIONS. MORE COMPLETE AND COMPREHENSIVE THAN EVER. If you are not on our regular mailing list, send for one at once — it is free for the asking. 30 DISTRIBUTING HOUSES SELL LEWIS BEEWARE THROUGH THIS CATALOG. Ask for the name of the nearest one. LEWIS BEEWARE IS SUCCESS INSURANCE. G. B. LEWIS COMPANY Manufacturers of Beeware WATERTOWN, WIS. Camiolan Alpine Queens — Gray Workers SELECT TESTED QUEENS, March, April, May, $5.00; June, July, August, $3.50. SELECT UNTESTED, June, July, August, $2.00. Shipped to all parts of the world, postage free. Safe arrival guaranteed. Inter- national money order with every order. Dead queens replaced if returned in 24 hours after arrival. References respective financial and commercial responsibility of the under- signed Association can be had at every Imperial-Royal Austro-Hungarian Consulate in the U. S. and Canada. Write for our booklet. Orders for nuclei and hives cannot be filled until everything concerning this line of business is arranged properly. Remit money order and write English to the Imperial -Royal Agricultural Association Ljubljana, Carniola (Krain) AUSTRIA Chaff Hives Smokers Beginners' Outfits Danz. Hives ^Veils Shipping Cases Dovetailed Hives Bee Books Swarm Catchers Sections Honey Extractors Berry Baskets Comb Foundation Wax Presses ^Berry Crates, Iitc. Which are you interested in? Send your name for our 1912 Catalog. February discount, 3% for cash orders. M. H. HUNT & SON Lansing, Mich. BARGAIN SALE -IN- BEE SUPPLIES DON'T MISS IT Take advantage of the Closing Out Sale of the Page & Lyon Go's Stock of OLD RELIABLE BEE SUPPLIES Send for ij Catalog and write me just how much and what you want, and I will quote you NET PRICES. J. F. KENKEL, Trustee for Page & Lyon Mfg. Co. NEW LONDON, WISCONSIN Figure This Out For "^T ir If You buy Bee - Supplies I OUrSClr! NOW that you will need — ^^^^■^^^^■^"" in April you Save Money at the rate of 12 per cent on the ^. Three per cent is the amount of our early order discount on cash purchases in January. January to April is just three months — ]/4 of a year. Now, 3% for 3 months is interest at the rate of 12% per year — so you see why we urge early orders accompanied by cash this month. Another reason is that we can serve you better now than three months hence. In a few weeks we will be putting up car- load shipments for our dealers and distributing centers and every effort in our big plant — the largest establishment in the world devoted to the manufacture of bee-supplies — will be directed to filling rush orders. You will be just as anxious for your goods as our other patrons, and will deserve and receive the same attention — no matter what the amount of your order may be, but WE CAN SERVE YOU BETTER NOW. and we want to make it worth your while to place an early order. Try this on a part of your list anyway. Saving at the rate of 12% per year ought to interest everybody. WE MANUFACTURE EVERYTHING IN BEE-SUPPLIES. Get our 1912 catalog which gives descriptions, illustrations and prices on everything from bee-hives to bee-books, from frames to comb-foundation. Get this catalog now. The A. I. Root Company MEDINA, OHIO THE CHAS. F, MAY CO.. PRINTERS, D ETROIT, M ICH . Published MonthJi^ MAR. 1912 '^ 'W 'W DETROIT MICHIGAN ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR Friction Transmission Self Starter Five Good Models There is a Cartercar for every need of the practical man and his family — four, five and seven- passenger Touring Cars, Coupe and Roadster. In these models are all the latest improvements in the au- tomobile world, and also the Cartercar features which have given satisfaction to thousands of drivers. For business needs, the Car- tercar is speedy, always ready and always reliable — and for pleasure it is luxurious, easy to drive, and with plenty of power to travel any roadway without jolting or tiring the occupants of the car. The patented Friction Trans- mission of the Cartercar pre- vents waste of power and is so simple and reliable that it is recognized as the most efficient form of transmission. It gives an unlimited number of speeds, adapting the car especially to country use. The Chain-in-oil Drive is ab- solutely noiseless, and running in a continual oil bath, there is practically no wear on the chain. Self Starter, Full Floating Rear Axle, Three Brakes, and many other features just as good, combine to make the Car- tercar the ideal car for every- one to drive. The self-starter makes it very easy for ladies to operate. The man who drives a Carter- car has more time for business — both he and his family get more enjoyment out of life — and he finds that his car is one of the best investments he ever made. Let us send you complete in- formation. Cartercar Company PONTIAC, MICHIGAN. THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 81 The Fruit Belt of Michigan Offers Wonderful Opportunities to Bee Men, Orchard- men and Farmers. Land values are at present very low — $15 per acre upwards — people are just waking: up to the possibilities in this favored section. Some have already begun to casli in and others are coming along in a remarkable way. Land \-alucs will increase rapidly as the basic values are here — Soil, Climate, Prox- imity to Markets. Let us tell you what we can do for you. Write us frankly today as to yoiu' ideas. a\ailable means, etc. Mr. Tyrrell will vouch for us. FRUIT BELT LAND CORPORATION, 52 Greenbush St., Manistee, Mich. Oats, AlfalfaisiPotatoes SALZEE'S REJUVENATED WHITE BONANZA OATS. Twenty acres of your laDd sowa to this faiiious Oms sliuuM lie good for 2000 bushels ia 1912. These 2000 bushels for reeding purjioses are worth lo-day $1000.001 Why mak this^lODO.OOf.r 19ir.' The White Bonanza Oats won, years aso, the Am. Act. prize of $500.00 in gold for the heaviest vieldius; Oats opened to the wo.-ld, and in 1910 and 1911 the sworn-to yields range from' 80 to 259 bushels per acre I SALZEE'S HARDY ALFALFA. Is the bigeest, quickest ontinuous money-maker lor the farmer known. Kx-Gov. Hoard of Wisconsin says, re<;ardiu!^ Salzer's Alfalfa: •■ On 30 •er $-'500.00 worth of Alfalf-. hay. • POTATOES. Potatoes are our great specialty. The Editor of the Rural New Yorker ■-•ives to "Salzer's Earliest" the astonishin:; yield of 464 bushels to the a Salzers Catalos gives fulldescription of heavv vieldiug "full birioded' |..diL'ree Slocks in Oits, Barlev, Spriu^ Wheat", Spring Kve, Corn, Clovers, Timothv, Potatoes, etc., etc. FOR 10c IN STAMPS WE WILL MAIL vou a larie package of S.dzer's Kaiuous WliM.- Bonanza O.its, o H.irdy Alfalfa, together with man v other rare F.irai Seed samples also big Farm Seed Catalog free for the uskiu'--. in JOHN A. SALZER SEED CO. 3 S. Sth Street, La Crosse. Wis. Carniolan Alpine Queens — Gray Workers SELECT TESTED QUEENS, March, April, May, $5.00; June, July, August, $3.50. SELECT UNTESTED, June, July, August, $2.00. Shipped to all parts of the world, postage free. Safe arrival guaranteed. Inter- national money order with every order. Dead queens replaced if returned in 24 hours after arrival. _ References respective financial and commercial responsibility of the under- signed Association can be had at every Imperial-Royal Austro-Hungarian Consulate in the U. S. and Canada. Write for our booklet. Orders for nuclei and hives cannot be tilled until everything concerning this line of business is arranged properly. Remit money order and write English to the Imperial -Royal Agricultural Association Ljubljana, Carniola (Krain) AUSTRIA 82 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW IF BEES COULD TALK They Would Say : "GIVE US *Dadant's Foundation' IT'S CLEAN, ITS PURE, IT'S FRAGRANT, IT'S JUST LIKE THE COMB WE MAKE OURSELVES ' If you are not using " DADANT'S FOUNDATION" drop us a card and we will give you prices or tell you where you can get it near you. DADANT & SONS, {'lT,',^^'?^: A. G. WOODMAN CO., Grand Rapids Agent for Michigan arjTJ BINGHAM Original Direct Draft CLEAN Bee Smokers BINGHAM SMOKERS Insist on Olil Reliable Bingham Bee Smokers; for sale by all dealers in bee-keepers' supplies. For over 30 years the standard in all countries. The smoker with a valve in the bellows, direct draft, bent cap, inverted bellows and soot-burning device. Smoke Engine. 4-inch each $1.2.5; mail, $1.50 Doctor, 3V2-inch each .8.5; mail, 1.10 Conquerer, 3-inch each .75; mail, 1.00 Little Wonder, 2-inch each .50; mail, .65 Honey Knife each .70; mail, .80 llaniifsu'tiirtMl i«iil.> •>,> A. G. WOODMAN CO., (;r:in** Mailed to Everyone whn Writes. A. L. Rice, a prominent manufacturer of Adams, N. Y., has discovered a pro- cess of making a new kind of paint without the use of oil. He calls it Powderpaint. It comes in the form of a dry powder and all that is required is cold water to make a paint weather proof, fire proof and as durable as oil paint. It adheres to any surface wood, stone or brick, spreads* and looks like oil paint and costs about one-fourth as much. Write to Mr. A. L. Puce, Manuf'r., .303 North St., Adams, N. Y.. and he will send you a free trial package, also color card and full information show- ing" you how you can save a good many dollars. Write today. W. H. Laws will be ready to take care of your (|ueen orders, whether large or small, the coming season. Twenty-five years of careful breed- ing brings Laws' queens above the usual standard; better let us book your orders now. Tested queens in March; untested, after April 1st. .\bout 50 first-class breeding- queens ready at any date. Prices: Tested, $1.2.5; .5 for $.3.00; lireed- ers, each $.5.00. Address W. H. I.atvs, Beeville, Texas. PORTER BEE ESCAPE SAVES TIME HONEY MONEY l."e eaoli, .$l. IS SEIiIiING FOB. Raw land is selling at $100 per acre, ordinary improved hay land at $200. $250 and $300. A ten-acre piece is no ranch, twenty is an existence, and forty is necessary to make money upon. Taxes are over $1.00 per acre — about $1.25 to $1.50 per acre. Water main- tenance 95c per acre. Wood $G per cord. Coal $6.50 to $9 per ton. A ten-frame bee-hive (brood nest only) frames, follower, foundation nailed, painted, $2.00 each. Come west if you will, but bring your purse. Mabton, Wash. [Whenever anything appears in the Review which you believe will give a wrong impression, don't fail to send in your little pro- test, just as this subscriber has done. What I am trying to do is to give things just exactly as they are, and I always welcome a correc- tion. At the same time we must remember there are two sides to every story. You must weigh up the evidence on each side and come to vour own conclusion.] Advantages and Disadvantages of Sectional Hives. J. E. HAND. "••^ MON'G the subjects recommended for discussion, the ques- ^/\ tion is asked, "What are the advantages of the sectional hive?" It would hardly be fair to set forth their advantages without mentioning any disadvantages, therefore, I will endeavor to lay aside all prejudice and set forth in a fair and impartial man- ner the advantages and disadvantages of sectional hives as viewed from the standpoint of one who has had them in constant use for more than twenty years. The original hive as introduced by Mr. Heddon contained closed end standing frames in a tight fitting case making the hive double walled at the ends, afYording better winter protection. The chief advantages claimed for sectional hives are : First — Their adaptability to the handling of hives instead of frames, an important consideration when economy of labor is considered. Second — It admits of the ex- pansion or contraction of the brood chamber to suit the require- THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 93 ments of the largest as well as the smallest colony without the use of dummies, or the handling of frames, and without giving too much room at one time. Third — ^It affords a horizontal bee space between €ach two divisions of the brood chamber, affording free communica- tion for the bees and queen to all parts of the brood nest through the warmest part of the hive, enabling them to have their brood in a compact form in early spring, thus economizing heat and guarding against the chilling of brood. Fourth — When it is desirable to spread the brood all that is necessary is to interchange the divisions of the brood chamber, placing the empty combs at the top in the warmest part of the hive, thus enabling the bees to extend the brood nest upward in the warmest part of the hive instead of downward into the coldest part. Fifth — If artificial increase is desired all that is necessary is to separate the two divisions, removing the one that contains the most brood to a new location and give a queen to the one that starts queen cells. This may be determined by glancing up between the combs from the bottom. Sixth — The queen may be restricted to one-half the brood chamber by means of a queen ex- cluder placed between the two divisions. Seventh — The brood frames and section frames as well as the extracting frames of a properly constructed sectional hive are of the same dimensions and may be used interchangeably, likewise the supers may be used as brood chambers and vice versa. TKi: BX3AI>VAI7TACi:S. The disadvantages of sectional hives as we see them are, first, there are times when it is imperative that frames should be handled. At such times these hives are placed at a disadvantage on account of their numerous frames, as well as by the inconvenience of handling closed end frames in a close fitting hive. The latter objection may be overcome by the use of hanging frames in regular standard deep supers, and we recommend these in preference to closed end standing frames. In actual practice we seldom inter- change the divisions of the brood chamber for purposes above men- tioned, and we are not sure that bees build up more rapidly in these hives. After a close observance during the past three seasons with a view of ascertaining the truth of the matter we have about come to the conclusion that a medium to light colony will show more brood early in the season in a full depth hive than in a sectional hive. In strong colonies the dift'erence is not so noticable. To overcome this objection we usually place light colonies on top of strong ones early in the spring, separating them by a queen ex- cluder, and we regard this as the best way to build up weak colonies in time for clover harvest. We are using sectional hives side by 94 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW side with full depth hives, and we do not consider the advantages either way sufificient to warrant a change in hives. There are prin- ciples in the bee-keeping world today that are as far ahead of the sectional hive system as that is ahead of the old box hive of our ancestors. The watchword is to no longer handle hives instead of frames, but handle bees instead of hives and frames. SECTIONAIi KTVE BETTER FOR QUEEN REARING. AMiile under modern methods of handling bees, instead of hives and frames, one hive is practically as good as another, so far as honey production is concerned, when it comes to commercial queen rearing, the superiority of the sectional hive is manifest in every operation of the art. Owing to its numerous frames, as well as its system of horizontal contraction and expansion by hives, it is especially suited for queen rearing. An 8-frame division with a division board in the center, will accommodate two good strong nuclei, and is the most economical method known. These hives are also equally suited to the economical construction of queen cells. Taken all around, the sectional hive is unmistakably the queen breeder's hive. Birmingham, Ohio. [The conclusion that I come to after reading the above is, that Mr. Hand, after trying both kinds of hives, does not consider the advantag'e of either over the other of sufficient importance to warrant a change from one to the other being made. I would "guess,"' however, that if he were starting anew, he would adopt the regular Langstroth hive.] A Simple System of Swarm Control By Forced Swarming. GEO W. STEPHENS. •■Jl' HAVE been asked to write a description of ni}^ non-swarming, ^ or, rather, swarm control system for The Review, and will now endeavor to do so. First, I will say I quit looking for a non-swarming strain or race of bees several years ago. I believe yet, however, that if I could run fast enough I could find them at the foot of the rainbow. I once knew a man who thought he had non-swarmers, but when, at the end of a short season, he had time to consider the matter seriously, he concluded that while his colonies were strong enough to store a little hone}-, they were not sufficiently populous to catch the swarming fever, and it was not a good year for swarms anyhow. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 95 DOESN'T IiIKE THESE FltAlTS. I invested in the booklet, "A Radical Cure for the Swarming Habit of Bees/' by Dr. Jones, and after studying the system I could not bring myself to believe that to be the best method of preventing the swarming of bees, so I did not adopt it. It was certainly radical enough, and without doubt would fulfill all claims, but it seemed an unnecessary sacrifice of brood and waste of bee energy; and, besides, it was an extremely disagreeable job and looked too much like ■"bloody murder." It seemed cruel enough to shave the heads off of drone brood, but when it came to destroying worker brood I had to draw the line. I tried and studied several other systems of swarm control, including the Alexander method of increase and control. By the Alexander system the brood is set on top of a prepared hive body containing the queen and a frame of brood and foundation or empty combs, with an excluder between the two sec- tions, and allowed to remain so about ten days. If there is any honey coming in it goes into the old brood section above just where it is not wanted, and the queen being confined to the lower story, there is nothing to prevent the starting of queen cells in the upper stor}' and a swarm issuing ahead of time. The shook-swarm system ( with apologies to Dr. ^filler) is not to be considered. It is too fussy and mussy, and cannot be practiced with economy of time and labor. The same may be said of taking away frames of brood and ^substituting empty combs or foundation as a preventive. A COMBINATION OF SYSTEMS. I then began practicing a combination of two or three systems and evolved the following sA'stem of swarm control; and while it is in its results nearly the same as shaken swarms, it is far better, and eliminates the disagreeable features of that system. It is a short cut to the end in view, being a simple and reliable method of con- trolling the swarming instinct of bees. There is no shaking of bees from the combs, no handling of frames except to find the queen (and even that may be omitted), no cutting out of queen cells, no imsealed brood left to chill, the lifting of heavy hives is reduced to a minimum, no worry about a swarm issuing in the meantime, and no extra expense for new fixtures. A slight change in a regular bottom board is all that is needed, which will save a lot of lifting and turning of hives. Of course, it is to be understood that all colonies must be made strong in bees early in the season in order to have the bees to catch the white clover flow, which opens here about June loth. The hive should be full of brood and eggs early in May. A little stimulative feeding helps wonderfully, as the bees will build up faster when fed a little warm syrup every evening than when depending on their sealed stores. 96 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW DOUBI.Z: HIVE STANDS. The hives are set on douljle hive-stands, one hive on a stand. These stands are made of two pieces of 2x4 or 2x6 scantling about five feet in length, with cross pieces about fifteen inches long nailed at the ends and the corners resting on bricks to level the stands and keep them off the ground. It is easier to slide the hives along on these stands than to lift or slide them on the ground, and the real hard work is eliminated. The bottom boards all have an entrance at both front and back, with blocks to close either of them as occasion requires. THZ: METHOD OF SWARM CONTROI.. Now, my method of controlling the swarming is this : When the colonies are about strong enough to swarm, and before they have started queen cells, if possible, I prepare as many hive bodies as there are colonies ready by filling them with empty combs or foundation, or both. I then go to the first hive, take ofl: the cover, find the comb with the queen and put it with the queen in one of the prepared hives, putting in its place an empty comb ; put on a queen excluding honey board and set the prepared hive on top ; then slip on the cover and go to the next hive, and so on until the queens have all been put up. Another way is to drive the queen and bees up by drumming on the hive, then slip in the excluder. There would then be no handling of frames whatever. I leave them this way about ten days. B}^ this time there will be a nice lot of brood in the upper story, and the brood in the lower story will all be sealed and saved. There will also be some queen cells in most of the lower stories. If not, I give them a ripe cell or a queen. Swarming is now delayed at least ten days longer, and the forced swarm will be made that much nearer the main honey flow. I try to get the queens all up about the same time. If they are put up about the last week in May or first of June, they will then be set ofif just before the main clover honey flow, and this is the best time for forced swarms. THE FORCED SWARMS. We are now ready for some forced swarms. I go to the first hive as before, slide it along on the hive stand about eighteen inches, blow some smoke in at the entrance, and then drum on the hive and drive most of the bees up with the queen, the same as if trans- ferring by the Heddon m^ethod. I then lift ofif the upper story and set it on a bottom board where the hive originally stood, leaving the two stories close together, with the front entrance of the old brood section closed and the back entrance opened. The swarm is now ready for a super of sections. There is some unsealed honey THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 97 in the brood combs, and the bees will immediatelv carry it up and begin work in the sections. I have an extracting comb at each side of the section super, as Mr. Townsend advises, and find it a most excellent plan, not only to get the bees started in the sections, but TO catch most of this first honey which is mixed with dandelion and other spring blossoms. I do not use bait sections. In four or five days I carry the brood section to a new stand and open the back entrance of the other hive so as to catch the flying bees to further strengthen the swarm, which now has an entrance at each end. Both entrances are left open during the honey flow. Or the brood section may be slid to the farther end of the stand and left there with the front entrance open and the back one closed. This will save some more lifting. There will be no after swarms. GETS STBONCrEK SWASIkXS BV DRIVING. By driving I get stronger swarms that will immediately go to work in the sections. Otherwise I wotild get onh' what bees are in the upper story and the flyers. Such strong swarms will do as good work as a colony that has not swarmed at all. By this method of management I have never had them swarm again unless the driving was done too early in the season. In that case they are liable to swarm again at the beginning of the honey flow. If they show swarming symptoms at that time, I drive again and separate them at once. Denison, Iowa. [Where one wishes to increase his number of colonies, I should consider this a most excellent plan. \Miile Air. Stephens doesn't say so, I should consider that the plan is used only in connection with the production of comb honey. Such methods are not necessary where extracted honey is produced. You will notice that the working bees are kept togetiier all the time, and at the time the forced swarm is made only sealed brood is taken away, and this is allowed to hatch out and build up into a colony for winter. The real working force of the hive is never divided.] A Few Reasons Why Co-Operation Should Succeed JAMES H. HEDSTROM. y^^O-OPERATION of producers should succeed because your Ij^^ unit of production (the producer) is constant ; he always re- mains the producer; he has no ambition beyond getting a good price for his honey. 98 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Not so with the labor union; the individual member is variable; some day he hopes to be the employer or buyer of what formerly he had to sell (his labor). So, unconsciously his ambitious w^ork to keep his wage low. With this great factor removed the co-operation of producers has only the ordinary factors of business to contend with, competi- tion, supply and demand, etc.. which can all be overcome if honestly managed, as proven by the example of hundreds of firms all over the country. CO-OPERATIVE FAII.UBES. The only failures that have come to my notice through the daily press were due either to dishonesty, poor management or lack of co-operation ; and the latter can almost always be traced to the two former. With no tariff on honey and co-operation, I feel that the honey business is one of the safest investments a man can make. It takes brains to manage anything successfully, and brains are what we have to pay for and what we should be willing to pay for. Calabasas, Cal. A Successful Bee-Keeper's Early Experiences, Showing That Grit Is Needed. JOHN F. OTTO. •^'^ EAR FRIEN'D: — ^In answer to your letter of December 8, Jf^} 1911, will say: 1 began bee-keeping as a business twenty-five years ago. We had bees at home as far back as I can remember. At first we used no other hive but the old German straw hive. About thirty- four years ago we got the so-called patent hive, and started to keep bees in them, but the success was not very good. The biggest drawback was winter losses. I came to the conclusion at that time that there was money in keeping bees, if well taken care of. Then I attended a business college and started a general store. As indoor life did not agree with me, after having 1)een in that ])usiness for a little over two years, I sold out, and then started the bee business exclusively. I kept from ten to twenty-five colonies while in the store business, and had twenty-five colonies at the time I sold out. Then I saw an advertisement in a paper of twelve colonies of bees for sale. Being only four miles from my home, I went and bought them. This was in the fall of the year. Then I built an overground cellar, and on November 15 I put my thirty- THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 99 seven colonies in the cellar. Next spring the twelve colonies that T bought were all dead and the other twenty-five were in good con- dition. I could not account for the loss, nor had I any idea what was the cause of it. But I was no coward, and was determined to make bee-keeping a success. I went to Jefferson, Wis., and bought twenty-five colonies more the same spring, and started the season with fifty colonies. FOUL BROOI> APPEARS. The next fall I had 114 colonies rotten with foul brood, as rot- ten as they could be ; some only had a handful of bees left. I noticed all during the summer that there was something wrong with my bees, but did not know what, until in the fall, when I subscribed for the American Bcc Journal, and reading" an item on foul brood I knew what was the matter with my bees. The next spring I got two books on foul brood, and in the latter part of May began to cure them. In the fall of that year I had fifty-six colonies in good condition, but three of them still had a few foul cells, but I left them until next year. It took me just five years until I had the disease completely rooted out. It was not due to my carelessness in curing them,, but when those twelve colonies died, in the spring of that year, I gave my bees a chance to clean up the combs from those colonies, and all the neighbors' bees had a hand in it, and you certainly know what that meant, and what effect that had on my yard in the future. But still I did not get discouraged; I was determined to make a success in the business and so I did. I have wintered about three hundred colonies each year for the last ten or twelve years. In the spring I reduce them by uniting 175 or 200, so as to have room for swarms and get them in good condition by the beginning of the honey flow. I am well satisfied with the business. Every business has its drawbacks, and so has the bee business, but I am certain that no other business pays as well as the bee business according to the investment. But I must close with these words, "Keep More Bees." Forest Junction, Wis. [It was my privilege to meet ]\Ir. Otto at the National Con- vention at Minneapolis, for the first time. We had a nice little visit and I was impressed with the fact that here was a man who was "making good." From others who knew him I found that my impression was correct. This gives added weight to the article above. What Mr. Otto says only demonstrates that anyone can make good at the bee business provided he has the necessary 100 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Friend Otto Has Evidently Made a Success in Bee-Keeping. "nerve," and will couple it with good common sense. Nothing in the above article should discourage a beginner. Rather he should rejoice that in spite of the obstacles, success was possible.] D. B. Goodspeed Keeps His Bees Near the Road. It's Risky Just the Same. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 101 No. 1. When the Snow is Deep, the Sleighs are Used. No. 2. But in Summer We Use the Wheels. 102 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Retailing Extracted Honey to Farmers. GEO. H. KIRKPATRICK. ^^-^^OST bee-keepers would like a better price for their honey^ 1// but fail to get it for various reasons. The producer may not have the necessary qualifications of salesmen. I be- lieve that the majority of bee-keepers are not salesmen. Then there is quite a few who are not especially hand}' in preparing their honey for the trade. The package should l)e bright and clean, the honey liquid^ pail or jars neatly labeled. The man who sells his honey from house to house should be gentle in his manner, always meeting his. expected customer in a friendly, polite manner, being careful not to impose upon their valuable time. ^^'e must try to become acquainted with each new customer, and to tell him something of our business. We should never say "Mr. Smith's or Mr. Jones's honey is of poor quality,'" Init we should see to it that ours is first quality. In my first experience in selling honey to farmers I drove from house to house, being carried in an ordinary cutter drawn by one horse. A VEHICI.I: FOS Si:i.I.ING- HONE-Z' IN. I was soon convinced that my business required a special vehicle and that I must have one. I built one (shown in Figs. No. 1 and No. 2). I call it my cozy cab. Fig. No. 1 shows the cab on a pair of sleighs. Fig. No. 2 the same cab on wheels. In the construction of this cab I used three-ply veneered panels in the sides and ends, and in the back is a glass 10x22 inches. There are two glasses in each side, 16x16. It has a storm front with an adjustable sash 1-1x34 inches. Also a pair of sliding doors, one in each side. The doors slide into a space between the end of the seat and the side of the cab. I have an adjustable sign which I place on or above the top, which reads "Honey For Sale, Geo. H. Kirkpatrick, Rapid City, Mich." Underneath and back of the seat is space sufficient to carry fifty ten-pound pails of honey. This department has a panel door in the back end. All doors are fitted with lock and key. I can carry seven hundred pounds of honey by placing twenty ten-pound pails in front. It is important that we bee-keepers use special vehicles to sell honey from. As soon as I had made a few trips with this cab it appeared that I and my business was known to every person living; in the parts where I travel. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 103 -WHAT FRICZ: TO CKASGE. A\'hen I began lousiness here the going price for extracted honey was eight cents per pound. At the present date a few bee-keepers still sell to the consumer at this very low price. Of course I could not produce honey and retail it at this price. I might have said to the people I must have 1'2^ cents for my honey, because I couldn't afiford to produce honey for less, but I'm afraid I should have had a hard time to convince the people that they could afford to buy at 12j4 cents when it could be had for 6 to 10 cents per pound. The thing then for me to do was to produce honey equal or better in quality than that produced by my competitors. Nothing will take the place of quality in getting better prices. GOOB QUALITY NECESSARY. I wish to designate retail sales as applying to house-to-house canvass. Selling to farmers only, my motto is to always supply my customer with the very best honey. This honey is gathered from the wild red raspberry blossom. It has a flavor all its own. I find raspberry and clover are the best on which to build up a trade. They are winners to make customers. We should never extract uncapped honey and sell it for table use. For an example, I will say honey must be capped before extracting to be classed as No. 1 honey. Number 1 honey I will rate at 100 per cent. Honey only three-quarter capped I will rate at 75 per cent, or 25 per cent below the standard, I will now give a more practical test. I will make a canvass and sell direct to consumer, 500 pounds of No. 1 honey, classed at 100 per cent. In 30 days I will make a second canvass and find almost every individual who bought at the time of the first can- vass is ready and anxious for a second pail of honey, and the entire community will have learned of the good quality of the honey and 1,000 pounds of honey will be sold, increasing the sales 100 per cent more than those of the first canvass. Had we made the first can- vass with the honey classed at 75 per cent, the chances are that our sales would have fallen below those of the first canvass. When we note that quality makes the dilTerence between success and fail- ure, we should readily see how important it is to produce only No. 1 honey. PUTTING IT UP. ]\Iy honey is heated to a temperature of 135 degrees, then run into ten-pound friction top pails and neatly labeled. I use only the ten-pound size. More dollars' worth can be sold in a given space of time in a ten-pound pail than in a less size. My price is $1.25 per pail, and the pail retained and collected in on nw next trip. I {Continued on page 114) 104 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Published Monthly E. B. TYRRELL, Editor and Publisher Office — 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Michigan. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post office at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada. Cuba, Mexico, Ha- waiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. Discontinuances — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. Advertisini:; rates on application. EDITORIAL A few minutes' headwork will often save several hours" footwork. Order your bee supplies early. The bees will soon be swarming. Nothing like the tirst days' work in the spring, with the bees flying, to start the enthusiasm. Honey Butter. Chalon Fowler, of Oberlin, Ohio, is selling candied honey, calls it "honey-butter." This name suggests the use to which candied honey can be put, and he says that it helps him in building up a good trade in that kind of honey. This is a suggestion worth thinking about. Northern Michigan Bee-Keepers' Convention. Secretary R. D. Bartlett, of East Jordon, Mich., writes me that the convention will be held at Traverse City, Wednesday and Thurs- day, March 13th and 14th, with headquarters at the Whiting Hotel. Realizing the number of progressive bee-keepers in Northern Michigan, there is no question but this will be an important meeting to attend. The Worcester County Bee-Keepers' Association of Massachusetts. They have planned one meeting for each month in the year excepting July and August, and the summer field meeting will be held during one of those months. One subject is selected for each session and the dates of the meetings are all planned in advance. This is a new idea to me and one which I consider most excellent. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 105 A whole year's program being planned in advance enables the local bee-kepeers to plan accordingly. The subjects for each month are as follows: January, Busi- ness; February, The Wintering of Bees; March, Stimulative Feeding for Brood Increase ; April, Inspection Work and Elimination of Diseases of Bees; May, Swarming and Re-Queening; June, Selected Topic, by Hon. J. Lewis Ellsworth, Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture ; September, Products of the Hive ; October, The Commercial Side of Bee-Keeping ; November, Production of Comb and Extracted Honey ; and December, First Lessons in Bee-Keeping, the Elements and Essentials of the Art. Clover One Year Old. W. E. Krause, of Ridgeland, Wis., writes me as follows: "There has been quite a discussion as to whether clover yields honey the first or second year. Both arguments are right. "Clover sown in early spring will yield a little honey by August or September, providing we have a wet season. But the following season will be the time we will have the real flow. This same clover field will yield the following year. According to nature, clover ripens in July. This seed falls to the ground and begins to grow and forms a plant to produce the following year, thus making the plant one year old when it produces the most honey. But farmers generally sow the clover seed with grain. The grain re- tards the clover's growth so it can not produce honey till it is about fifteen to sixteen months old, i. e., one year from the following July. So the Editor of the Review is right when he says clover is one year old, providing the clover is self-seeded and has full swing like wild flowers, but if anyone says that it produces honey best the second year, he is oft" too. We mossbacks around here call it the ^5. Villain, where is my child ? — ( T/ic Leader.) 106 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW second season and not the second year. Once in a while we let Alsike Clover stand till we cut two crops of seed from it. We call it the second cutting or second year, but, in reality, it's twenty- seven to twenty-eight months old. There is some honey in the plants at this cutting." Central Minnesota Bee-Keepers Organize, Vice-President Wm. Penrod, of Foley, Minn., writes me a short report of an organization of bee-keepers being perfected with the follow- ing officers: President, J. E. Hughes, of Glendorado; Mce-President, Wm. Penrod, Foley, and Secretary-Treasurer, Robert Crinke, address not given. It is encouraging to see these moves being made along organ- ization lines. Oklahoma Bee-Keepers' Association. This was held at Stillwater, Okla., January 18th. The attend- ance was not as large as usual, but the interest Avas good. The A. & M. College and Experiment Station was requested to carry on experiments to determine a best race of bees, the most useful hive for the farmer bee-keeper, and the best manner of feeding bees, also to test different honey plants. They also requested that an apiary be established at the college. Officers elected were : President, M. Fred Gardiner. Geary ; Vice-President, Geo. H. Colson, Cherokee ; Secretary, G. C. Bourd- man, and Treasurer, G. E. Lemon. Eastern New York Bee-Keepers' Association. This Society held its fourth annual convention December 21st in the City of Albany. The attendance was not quite so large as formerly, owing, no doubt, to a short notice that was given and also to the extremely poor season the past year. Secretary's report shows 103 members, which is a good growth for four years. The question of becoming a National branch was brought up and decided that a vote should be taken by mail on the question. Officers elected were : President, W". D. Wright, of Altamont ; Vice-President. A. Johnson, of Schoharie ; Second Vice-President, C. W. Hayes, Brookvieer; Secretary, S. Davenport, of Indian Fields; Treasurer, M. A. Kingman, East Greenbush. S. Davenport was elected delegate to the annual meeting of the New York State Agri- cultural Society. This Society also will petition the New York State Department of Agriculture to experiment along the line of reducing the length of the red clover corolla tubes. Proposition THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 107 was also made to establish a Honey Exchange at Albany for the purpose of disposing of members' honey. This is a co-operative move along the right lines. An investigating committee was appointed to report at the next meeting on this question. Iowa Bee-Keepers' Organization. A report from the President, W. P. Southworth, Salix, Iowa, states that the Iowa Bee-Keepers have just formed an Association for themselves. Besides the President above named, C. L. Pinnoy, of Lemars, Iowa, was elected Secretary-Treasurer, and three Vice- Presidents were chosen as follows: Frank C. Pellett, Atlantic; Frank Coverdale, Delmar, and J. L. Strong, of Clarinda. The Association is to be a branch of the National, with dues fixed at $1.50 per year. The first work will be to arrange for a big convention, which will be held at a convenient time for the largest number of bee- keepers. At that meeting the organization will be perfected and immediate steps taken to prevent the spreading of bee diseases in that state. In closing the President says, "No state in the union can produce better honey than Iowa, and by mutual assistance the bee-keepers can greatly increase their yields and improve market conditions. Let everyone interested in Bee Culture join the big cluster at once by sending in his name and any suggestion that he has to offer." The New York Bee-Keepers' Tablet. On the front cover of a large, letter-sized tablet, is a great big picture of a queen- bee. Just below are three smaller pictures showing a queen, a worker and a drone. Lifting up the cover we find rather an extended write-up on the bee and her products. Following this comes a full page blotter and then, of course, the regular writing paper that a tablet should contain. This is put out by the New York bee-keepers as general pub- licity advertising. No particular class is appealed to, and no address for further information is given. It is intended only to increase the general use of honey. I hardly know how to comment on this effort, for, when it comes to advertising, there are so many things to consider that it is hard to give an oft"hand opinion. Tablets, as a rule, are used principally by children, and if this particular tablet is to be placed on sale, to be purchased and used by children, it would strike me at first that the reading is heavy. 108 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW My suggestion would be to weave the whole into a short interest- ing story. Then again I have found that attention is attracted greatly by pictures. I would rather use pictures of the thing you wish to sell. You don't want to sell bees so I would make them secondary. Let the honey stand out strongly, with the bees in the background. Then in the description tell something about why there is such a difference in the flavor of honey, how the little sections are produced, what extracted honey is, and such things of general interest as would command the attention of the general public. Please do not understand by the above that I do not appreciate the progress shown by these New York bee men, for I certainly do, and compliment them. Any effort to advertise honey is com- mendable, and if I thought what I have written above would in any way discourage it, I would throw it into the waste basket too quick. I only mention it so these things may be considered by others in a like effort. N. B. Since the above was set up in t3'pe, I attended the Syracuse meeting and learned more concerning the tablet. It is to be sold to the general trade and by them to the school children. Bee-keepers are expected to assist in creating this trade. It is a move worthy of emulation by other Associations. A sample of the tablet can be secured by writing any of the officers of the New York Association and enclosing ten cents for tablet and postage. That New York State Convention at Syracuse. It was a dandy. From the beginning to the end there wasn't a single dull minute. It was my first visit with New York Bee- Keepers, and I must confess I found them a live bunch. You could tell from the discussions that they were not amateurs either. Many were there who made their entire living from their bees. One thing which impressed me, was the way those fellows dove into an argument. It was no lukewarm affair either. But when it was all over there wasn't a bit of unpleasant feeling that I could see anywhere. To me, at least, those red hot discussions are the cream of a convention. I thoroughly enjoyed every bit of it. Quite a brisk discussion was brought up as a result of my remarks as to what the "National" hoped to do this year. It seems that the New York bee men have not been entirely satisfied with what it has done in the past, and several years ago that state withdrew in a body. Thc}^ seemed to be favorable to the new plans, however, and while no vote was taken I firmly believe that if there had been it would have been favorable to the "National." THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 109 Some thought it would be better for the county associations to become branches, instead of the state, as that would give them a better representation at the annual meetings. I believe the plan a good one. While I was much interested in the remarks of all who appeared on the program, I was especially interested in what Prof. 11. A. Surface, of Pennsylvania, and Mr. R. F. tlolterman, of Ontario, had to say. Both these speakers brought out some pertinent truths and left 3, very favorable impression on their hearers. The New York Association is the first one, I believe, to start a definite plan for the national advertising of honey. This they are doing by the publication of a tablet, mention of which is made elsewhere in this isue. These tablets are made for them by a firm in Massachusetts, and can be sold to the retailer at 42:c per dozen. The tablet retails for five cents. The New York Department of Agriculture was asked to take steps to investigate the "Isle of Wight Disease," which has appeared in England. It was not thought best, however, to import the disease in order to investigate it. A petition will also be sent to the U. S. Government asking that they also take such steps as are necessary to prevent this disease getting a foothold in this country. Resolutions of thanks were sent to Prof. Wiley for his work in the interest of a pure food law. A resolution was also passed that the state foul brood inspectors be authorized by the Department of Agriculture, of New York, to encourage the formation of local bee- keepers' societies. The Department will also be asked to experiment in the production of red clover with shorter corolla tubes. Prof. H. J. Weber, Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Ithaca, N. Y., in a letter, stated that he believed such a thing would be easily accomplished. In discussing the honey markets at this time, and the apparent over-supply of extracted honey, it was brought out that last year the conditions were exactly the reverse in the New York markets. There was a big over-supply of comb honey last year, and that turned many over to the production of extracted honey this year. It was also reported that in New York they are putting out a com- pound of honey that is taking the place of honey, and causing the low price. L. Coggshall states it costs 3 cents per pound to get comb honey on the market, and 3^-cent for extracted. He also stated that he could get more white honey on clay soil than he can from sandy. R. F. Holterman used to think that the better the soil the better the quality of honey. Too strong soil allows buckwheat to go down. He now thinks that whatever soil is adapted to the plant produces the best honey. 110 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Japanese buckwheat was reported as more reliable for a honey yield. A. J. Brewer stated that with no bottom board, a proper cover and good stores, no cold can kill bees. This is encouraging to us in this cold winter we have been having. He uses a plain simplicity hive, presses a burlap sack down in an empty upper story, fills it with forest leaves so full that the cover presses on the packing. Entrance is from 3^ to 5/g inches, by the width of the hive. Has no side packing, and gets good results. Holterman believes you can use a larger hive for outdoor win- tering than you can for indoor. He says good stores, bees kept ound. „ , Feb. 24. HILDRETH & SEGELKEN. =o Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your advertisement in this department. BEES AND QUEENS. Colonies of Italian Bees in L. hives, 10- fr., full of stores — any time. Jos. Wallrath, Antioch, Cal. OuEENS AND NUCLEI. — A strain of Italians developed for honey-gathering ability. My en- tire time has been given to them for 12 years. W. D. AcHORD, Fitzpatrick, Bullock Co., Ala. Golden Italian Oueens that produce golden bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each ?1, six $5; tested $2. J. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. Golden Queens.— Very gentle, very hardy, and great surplus gatherers. Untested, five and six band, $1.00; select tested, $3.00; also nuclei and full colonies. Send for circular and price list to Geo. M. Steele, 30 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, Pa^ Golden and 3-Banded Italians. — Tested, $1 each. 3 queens, $2.75; 6 or more, 85c each. Untested, 75c each; 3 queens, $2; 6 or more, 65c each. Bees per pound, $1. Nuclei, six- frame, $1.25. (No disease here.) C. B. Bankston, Buffalo, Texas. Quirin's famous improved Italian queens, nuclei, colonies, and bees by the pound, ready in May. Our stock is northern-bred and hardy; five yards wintered on summer stands in 1908 and 1909 without a single loss. For prices, send for circular. Quirin-the-Queen- Breeder, Bellevue, O. For Sale. — 175 colonies of bees in S-frame hives, run for comb honey, with 500 comb- honey supers, and about 35 full-depth hive- bodies filled with honey for next season's feed- ing. I am close to the Nevada State-line. No foul brood in this valley. H. Christensen, Coleville, Mono Co., Cal. Buy your Queens where there is no foul brood. Either strain of Italians. Tested, $1.00 each; 3 or more. 90 cents. Untested, 75 cents each; 3 to 6, 70 cents; 6 to 12 or more, 65 cents. Bees, per pound, $1.00. Nuclei, per frame, $1.25 (no disease). C. B. Bankston, Buffalo, Texas. For Sale.- — Early Italian (Frofalcon) Queens. February and March deliveries for untested, $1.50 each; April, $1.25; Tested Queens, 50 cents additional. Select tested, $1.00 extra. Breeders, prices upon application. Sweet Clo- ver and Alfalfa Seed. Send for prices. John C. Frohliger, Berkeley, Cal. 257-9 Market St., San Francisco. HONEV AND -VtTAZ. For Sale.- — Amber and buckwheat honey in new 60-lb. tin cans. C. J. Baldriuge, Home- stead Farm, Kendaia, N. Y. Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey, and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 W. S. Water St., Chicago. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. Hildreth & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. For Sale. — Clover, clover-basswood blend, milk-week, and raspberry extracted honey in packages to suit. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. For Sale. — Choice light-amber extracted honey — thick, well ripened, delicious flavor. Price 9 cts. per lb. in new 60-lb. cans. J. P. Moore, Morgan, Ky. For Sale. — Water white and light-amber alfalfa and light-amber fall honey, put up in any size packages. First class. Dadant & Sons, Hamilton, 111. For Sale. — Clover, basswood, alfalfa, sage or light amber fall honey. F^irst-class stock put up in any sized cans. Send for price list. M. V. Facey, Preston, Fillmore Co., Minn. iaiSCEI.I.ANEOVS. Typewriter for Sale. — Standard machine, very cheap; good shape. Wm. Ehlers, Carth- age, Mo. W LL PAY 20 cents each for February, 1904, April or June, 1910, numbers of the Bee- Keepers' Review. O. A. Keen, Topeka, Kans. In Florida. — Root supplies. Save transpor- tation. Free catalog. G. F. Stanton, Buck- ingham, Fla. For Sale. — One new bee hive, double walled. Hatch wax-press, and bee papers. F. T. Hooper, E. Downington, Pa. For Sale. — Empty second-hand 60-lb. cans, as good as new, two cans to a case, at 25 cts. per case. C. H. W. Weber & Co., Cincinnati, O. Penna. Bee Keepers: Having bought supply business of (Jeo. H. Rea, can furnish complete line of Roots goods. Full car just in; catalog free. Thos. H. Litz, Osceola Mills, Pa. For Sale or Exchange. — Gasoline engine, belting, shafting, etc. Buttercups, S. C. W. Leghorns for sale. Claud Irons, Linesville, Pa^ ^ For Sale — A. I. Root Supplies. Every- thing needed in the apiary. Send for cata- logue. Prices right. Sawyer & FIedden, Irv- ington. New Jersey. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 117 For Sale. — New crop of alfalfa seed; 4 pounds by mail, prepaid, $1.10; 50 to 100 lbs., 14 1/^ cts. per lb. Sacks, 25 cts. extra. R. L. Snodgr.^ss, Rt. 4, Augusta, Kansas. The Egner System of Bee-Keeping will in- crease both your colonies and honey crop. Union bee-hive and queen. Price ten cents. Bee and poultry supplies for sale or exchange. Jos Egner, Lavergne, 111. For Sale. — A full line of bee-keepers' sup- plies; also Italian bees and honey a specialty. Write for catalog and particulars. The Penn Co., Penn, Miss. (Successor to J. M. Jenkins.) Free. — Catalogue of Bee-keepers and Poul- try supplies, describing our goods. Also of Barred and White Plymouth and White Wyan- dotte chickens. Best of goods. Lowest price. Square treatment. Prompt shipment. H. S. DuBY, St. Anne, 111. FOSITIOirS AND EEIiF. W.^NTED. — Position with bee-keeper in South- ern California. Can give the best of referen- ces. C. B. B.\XTER, Nauvoo, 111. Wanted. — Assistant apiarist. Must be steady, honest, and willing to go to Colorado or !Mon- tana as needed. The Rocky Mount.\in Bee Co., Berthoud, Colo. W.\XTED. — Position by young man of good habits with a bee-keejier in the Soutli ,\tlantic Coast States; has had experience in a small home apiary. Can give good reference as to character, reputation, etc. Marcls Eggers. Rt. 1, Eau Claire, Wis. Wanted. — Apiarist who has had experience, and who knows how to raise good queens cheap- ly; who can do any work with bees alone, yet follow instructions when given. Give refer- ence. State wages wanted first letter. II. C. Ahlers, West Bend, Wis. Wanted. — Help for the actiz'e bee season of 1912 — one or two young men who want to learn bee-keeping; board promised, and a little more if we do well. Wanted, also, a carload of bees, spring delivery. R. F. Holtermann, Brantford, Ont., Canada. KEAIi ESTATE. For Sale. — 560 acres of land in Arkansas, in the rice belt. Half cash; balance, city property. T. J. Greenfield, Hickory Ridge, Ark. Wanted. — House, some land, fifty colonies or more of bees. N. C. Davenport, 2300 Lunt Ave., Chicago, 111. For Sale. — Old homestead farm of lo,-< acres; good buildings: best farm in the neigh- borhood; $40 per acre. H. S. Thompson, Franklin Forks, Pa. Fruit Lands, general store in English col- ony; apiary locations for sale, rent, or trade; bees, queens, honey, wax hives, and other sup- plies; fine opportunity for tropical bee-man with small capital; climate and lands finest in the world. Gather honey the year round. No land agent. I own all I offer. D. W. Millar, Bartle, Oriente, Cuba. POULTRY. Buff Orpingtons — S. C. Cook's birds di- rect. Great winter layers. 15 eggs $2.00. R. B. Chipman, Clifton Heights, Del. Co., Pa. Partridge Wvandottes. — Adapted to any climate; eggs and stock for sale. C. M. Myers, Winchester, Ind. Buttercupa and Houdans for large white eggs. Fine cockerels $3.00 and $5.00. Riverview Poultry Farm, Union City, Mich. For Sale. — Silver Spangled Hamburgs, Stock and Eggs. Eastman Kodak, takes pictures :i'/^ by o'/i; good as new. H. L. Bowers, Pint Royal, Pa. R. F. D. 1. "Eggmakers" — S. C. Brown Leghorns. State wide reputation. Cockerels $2.00, $3.00 and $5.00 each by return express. Wii. J. Cooper, Mt. Pleasant, Rt. S, Mich. Ringlet Barred Plymouth Rocks. — Fine, healthy, well barred cockerels and pullets at $2.00 each. Prize winners at our County Fair. R. J. Schloneger, Pigeon, Mich. Pigeons I Pigeons! — Thousands in all leading varieties at lowest prices. Squab-breeding stock 3ur specialty; 17 years' experience. Illustrated matter free. Providence Squab Co., Provi- dence, R. I. I H.WE A flock of most beautiful Indian Runner ducks, correctly mated, which have proven beyond a doubt to be the twentietli- century egg-machines. I will book orders from now on, and ship when so ordered, 13 pure- white eggs for $1.00. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. This advertisement will be lived up to, to the letter. Robert Bird, Rt. 2, Pinckneyville, Ills. EXTRACTOR FOR SALE A four-frame (Langstrothj Root Automatic, reversible, Xo. 25, with a slip-i^ear. A new machine now costs $2.5, but we will sell this at a good discount, and it has been used only two seasons and is practically a new machine. Write for prices. MRS. W. Z. HUTCHINSON, Flint, Mich. FREE Book on Grape Culture Instructions for planting, cultivating and pruning; also descriptions of best varieties for vineyard or home garden. Profusely illus- trated. Issued by tlie largest growers of grape vinesnnd small fruits in the country. Millions of vinesfor sale. T. S. HUBBARD CO., Cox 48, Fredonia, N. Y. Italian, Cyprian, Carniolan, Caucasian and Banat Queens. Bee Supplies. Honey Packages. AVAI.TER C. MORRIS. 74 C'ortlandt St.. \.>»v ^ OfU- fifv. Y. 118 THE BEE-KEEPERS REVIEW MEXICO AS A BEE COUNTRY _ B. A. Hadsell, one of the largest bee-keepers in the world, has made six trips to Mexico, investigating that country as a bee country, and IS so infatuated with it that he is closing out his bees in Arizona. He has been to great expense in getting up a finely illustrated 32- page booklet describing the tropics of Alexico as a Bee ]\Ian's Paradise, which is also su- perior as a farming, stock raising and fruit country, where mercury ranges between 55 and 98. Frost and sun-stroke is unknown. Also a great health resort. He will mail this book free by addressing B. A. HADSELL, Lititz, Pa. WANTED WHITE HONEY Both comb and extracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. HILDRETH & SEGELKEN 265-267 Greenwich St. New York, N. Y. Why Not Have a Good Light? Here It Is! Bright, Powerful, Economical. Odorless, Smokeless. Every one guaranteed. The Lamp to READ, WRITE and WORK by. Indis- pensable in your home. If your dealer hasn't got them, send his name and address and your name and address and we will mail as many as you want at 25c each. AGEXTS WANTED EVERY- WHERE. THE STEEL MANTLE LIGHT CO. 332 Huron St., Toledo, O. SUPERIOR CARNIOLAN QUEENS Write for our paper, "Superi- ority Carniolan Bees," giving our 10 years' experience witli this race, general description, points of suiJeriority, best system of management, prices of our Queens, etc. IT'S FREE. ALBERT G. HANN, Soientitic Queen Breeder, Pittstown, Xew Jersey. CHAS. ISRAEL & BROS. 488-490 Canal St,. New York Wholesale Dealers and Commission Merchants in HoMey, Beeswax, Maple Sugar and Syrup, Etc. Consignments solicited. Established 1S75. Established 1SS5 WE CARRY AX UP-TO-DATE LIXE OF Bee-keepers' Supplies Write for our 50-page catalog free, and for lowest prices on supplies. Full information given to all inquiries. We handle the best make of goods for the bee-keeper. Freight facilities good. Let us hear from you. John Xebel & Son Supply Co., High Hill, Mo. GENUINE CARNIOLAN ALPINE Q.UEENS. My breeders were imported direct from Carniola, Austria. They are very hardy, large and gentle, great hustlers, and white cap- pers. I also have fine Italians and Banats bred in separate yards, 75 cents each, $8 Doz. Cir- cuUir free. GRANT ANDERSON, San Beuito, Texas. ALSIKE CLOVER SREn Medium red, large red, alfalfa. Sweet clo- ver and grass seeds in general ; also SEED CORN Several varieties and thoroughbred. Write for prices and catalog apiary supplies. All seeds of high purity. Carroll Co. .SNRI.I,, 3Iilledseville, 111. At Last — A Coinfortable Motorcycle The Ful-Floteing seat on the new Harley-Davidson Motorcycle eliminates jolts, jars and all vibrations. The Free- wheel Control, another exclusive fea- ture makes it possible to start the Harley-Davidson like an automobile, without pedaling or runninj; alongside to start motor. Write for catalog. Harley-Davidson Motor Co., 344 A St., Milwaukee American Butter & Cheese Co., 31-33 Griswold St., Detroit, Mich. Always in the market for choice comb honey. Write us. GRAPE VINES Best varieties for vineyard and garden. Mil- Send lor lions of vines for sale. Our free book giv s F* R ir F instruction for planting, cultivating and prun- onn^ ing. Profusely illustrated. Issued by the "OUH largest growers of grape vines and small fruits in the country. T. S. HUBBARD CO., Box 48, Fredonia, N Y SWEET CLOVER Seed, for winter sowing' on top ground. Circular how to grow it free. Bokhara Seed Co., Box 2!)fi-C, Kill month, Ky. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 119 LARGE ORDERS For u. .ft falcon Bee - Keepers' Supplies Hivos. Sfi'tioiis, KoiMKlsitioiis, Etf. (AH Oiir 0>vii M:iiiii- t'su'tiiret. Art- Our !*l»efialty. The e(|uipment of our manufacturing plant and the location of our factory oi. the New York Central and Erie Rail- road systems fits us better than any other plant to fill orders for the large beekeeper. The quality of our goods has been a standard toward whicli others strive. Get our prices on your requirements delivered if you desire. No want too large — no want too small for the '-FALCON" factory. It K D C A T A I. O G IMfstyaiil iiiioii re«nn'st W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO. WItcre the good hcc-luvcs come from. Factory, Falconer, N. Y., or 117 North JeflFerson Street, Chicago, 111. ResultsCount When you buy COMB FOUNDATION you look for RESULTS. THE DIITMER PROCESS COMB FOUNDATION is the right S^^IELL, the right TASTE and the right FIRM- NESS to give the BEST RESULTS. The DITTMER PROCESS COMB FOUNDATION is so like the Bees- wax the Honey Bees would SHAPE and MOULD for themselves, it makes it very acceptable to them. This assures a FULL CAPACITY HONEY CROP, and remember, to you, Mr. Bee Keeper, HONEY IS MONEY. A Liberal Discount Offered on All Sup- plies. Write for Prices. Gus. Dittmer Co. Augusta, Wisconsin. "Griggs Saves You Freight." TOLEDO Is the best point to get goods quick. Send us a list of the goods you wish and let us quote you our best price. 2% DISCOUNT IN FEBRUARY FROM CATALOG PRICES HONEY AND BEESWAX wanted in exchange for supplies. We also handle Butter, Eggs, and all kinds of farm produce. Write us what you have to sell. S. J. Griggs & Co. Toledo, O. No. 26 Erie St., near Monroe '•Griggs, tlie King Bee" MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best young basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- p'ies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marsiifield, Wis. 120 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW When You Buy Lewis Beeware You Get... liKWIS QL'ALITV — Which mtaiis that all Lewis Hives are made out of clear white pine, and Lewis sections made out of tine bright basswood. The material in these goods is the best obtainable and selected Iiy experts. I>E\VIS W'ORKMAIVSHII' — The Lewis factory is equipped witli the latest improved machinery constantly watched over by experts. The Lewis head mechanic has had thirty-five years of bee supply experience, the sui)erintendent of bee hive de- partment twenty-nine years, the superintendent of sections twenty-eight years. These and many other skilled men have a hand in all the Lewis goods you buy. LiKWIS PACKING — .Ml Lewis lleeware is carefully and accurately packed — a patent woven wood and wire package made only by the Lewis Com]iany, is employed largely in packing — this makes the package light, com]>act and damage-proof. LEWIS SERVICE — Years ago all goods were shipped direct from the factory with attending high freight rates and delays during the honey season — now Lewis l!ee- ware can be obtained almost at your own door. Over thirty distributing houses carrying Lewis P.eeware by the carload are dotted all over the United States and foreign countries. Write for the name of the one nearest you. G. B. LEWIS COMPANY Manufacturers of Beeware WATERTOWN, WIS. THE SECRET OF Success in Bee Keeping Is To Keep Your Colony Strong; To Do This You Must Have Good Laying Queens Which \vc Guarantee at the fol'owing Prices : [Golden] [3 Band Italian] [Carniolan] Untested — 1 for $L(10, 6 for $5.40, i:2 for i^9.m. 25 for $17.50. Tested — 1 for $L5(), 6 for $8.4(K ]2 for $L"').60, 25 for $30.00. Nuclei with Untested Queen — 1 Frame $2.50, 2 Frame $3.50, Six 1 Frame $L5.f!fl, Si.\ 2 Frame $20.40. Nuclei with Tested Queen — 1 Frame $3.00, 2 Frame $4.00, Si.x 1 FVame $17.40, Six 2 Frame $2;:. 40. The Drones used in our Apiary for Alating purpose are reared from the very best selected Queens, which is as necessary as the selecting of a good Queen for Queen rearing. For good Queens and c|uick service you can not do better than place your order with us. We guarantee safe arrival and satisfaction. Directions for building up weak Colonies will be mailed to you for 10 cents. The above Queens are all reared in separate yards. W. J. LITTLEFIELD, R. F. D. No. 3 Little Rock, Ark. BARGAIN SALE ■- IN •■ BEE SUPPLIES DON'T MISS IT Take advantage of the Closing Out Sale of the Page & Lyon Go's Stock of OLD RELIABLE BEE SUPPLIES Send for Catalog and write me just how much and what you want, and I will quote you NET PRICES. J. F. KENKEL, Trustee for Page & Lyon Mfg. Co. NEW LONDON, WISCONSIN Figure This Out For ^7" IC lf_ You buy Bee -Supplies I OUrSCli! NOWgthat you will need ^^^^^— — — ^^^" in April! you Save Money at the rate of 12 per cent on the $. Three per cent is the amount of our early order discount on cash purchases in January. January to April is just three months — '/4 of a year. Now, 3% for 3 months is interest at the rate of 12% per year — so you see why we urge early orders accompanied by cash this month. Another reason is that we can serve you better now than three months hence. In a few weeks we will be putting up car- load shipments for our dealers and distributing centers and every effort in our big plant — the largest establishment in the world devoted to the manufacture of bee-supplies — will be directed to filling rush orders. You will be just as anxious for your goods as our other patrons, and will deserve and receive the same attention — no matter what the amount of your order may be, but WE CAN SERVE YOU BETTER NOW. and we want to make it worth your while to place an early order. Try this on a part of your list anyway. Saving at the rate of 12% per year ought to interest everybody. WE MANUFACTURE EVERYTHING IN BEE-SUPPLIES. Get our 1912 catalog which gives descriptions, illustrations and prices on everything from bee-hives to bee-books, from frames to comb-foundation. Get this catalog now. The A. I. Root Company MEDINA, OHIO THE CHAS. F. MAY CO., PRINTERS, DETROIT, MICH. Published Mont% APR. 1912 "w yr ^w DfTROIT MICHIGAN ONE DOLUR PER YEAR Friction Transmission Self Starter Five Good Models There is a Cartercar for every need of the practical man and his family — four, five and seven- passenger Touring Cars, Coupe and Roadster. In these models are all the latest improvements in the au- tomobile world, and also the Cartercar features which have given satisfaction to thousands of drivers. For business needs, the Car- tercar is speedy, always ready and always reliable — and for pleasure it is luxurious, easy to drive, and with plenty of power to travel any roadway without jolting or tiring the occupants of the car. The patented Friction Trans- mission of the Cartercar pre- vents waste of power and is so simple and reliable that it is recognized as the most efficient form of transmission. It gives an unlimited number of speeds, adapting the car especially to country use. The Chain-in-oil Drive is ab- solutely noiseless, and running in a continual oil bath, there is practically no wear on the chain. Self Starter, Full Floating Rear Axle, Three Brakes, and many other features just as good, combine to make the Car- tercar the ideal car for every- one to drive. The self-starter makes it very easy for ladies to operate. The man who drives a Carter- car has more time for business — both he and his family get more enjoyment out of life — and he finds that his car is one of the best investments he ever made. Let us send you complete in- formation. Cartercar Company PONTIAC, MICHIGAN. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 121 Are You Ready? The season is advancing; the long cold winter is about over. Bees will be breeding up soon for the early honey llow, and supjilies should be on hand ready for instant ser- vice when the time comes. We have a large and complete slock of Root's goods, and cars are coming in regu- larly. There is nothing in the line we can't furnish promptly, and we can save you time and money. Our new catalog is ready for you. Get your supplies from us at factory prices and save on transportation charges. We can reach any point in this locality very promptly, and can get the goods started to you the day your order is received. Yovi know that you can't get better goods than Root's, and we want the chance to ?how you that our service is worthy of your consideration. Let us know your needs and we will do the rest. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. 2 1 46 Central Ave. Cincinnati, Ohio Aspinwall Non-Swarming Bee Hive A Practical Success after 22 years of Experimentation. An- other season has added to its success. Evenly filled sections of Honey Produced without separators. Will Double the Yield of Comb Honey. Every Bee-Keeper should satisfy himself as to OUr claim by ordering at least one sample Hive and testing. Descriptive circulars with prices mailed free. A • 11 T\/r£ r^ 601 SABIN STREET Aspinwall IVlrg.v^O., jackson,michigan,usa Canadian Factory: Guelph, Ontario World's Oldest and Largest Makers of Potato Machinery. CUTTERS :: PLANTERS :: SPRAYERS :: DIGGERS :: SORTERS 122 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW IF BEES COULD TALK They Would Say : "GIVE US *Dadant's Foundation' ITS CLEAN, ITS PURE, IT'S FRAGRANT, IT'S JUST LIKE THE COMB WE MAKE OURSELVES " If you are not using "DADANT'S FOUNDATION" drop us a card and we will give you prices or tell you where you can get it near you. DADANT & SONS, 1^%'.^^.^: A. G. WOODMAN CO., Grand Rapids Agent for Michigan fJXXXJTJ BINGHAM SMOKERS Insist on Old Reliable Bingham Bee Smokers; for sale by all dealers in bee-keepers' supplies. For over 30 years the standard in all countries. The smoker with a valve in the bellows, direct draft, bent cap, inverted bellows and soot-burning device. Smoke Engine, 4-inch each $1.25; mail, $1.50 Doctor, 3^-inch each .85; mail, Conquerer, 3-inch each .75 ; mail, Little Wonder, 2-inch each .50; mail. Honey Knife each .70; mail, Itlanitfactured only by A. G. WOODMAN CO., Grautl Raniil.s. Mioli. 1.10 1.00 .65 .80 Protection Hive The best and lowest price hive on the market. This hive has yi material in the outer wall, and is not cheaply made of H material like some other hives on the market. Send for circular showing 12 large illus- trations. It will pay you to investigate. A. G. WOODMAN CO., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 123 National Bee -Keepers' Association OBJECTS OF THE ASSOCIATION The objects of this Association shall be to aid its members in the business of bee-keeping; to help in the sale of their honey and beeswax, and to promote the interests of bee-keepers in any other direction decided upon by the Board of Directors. OFFICERS AND EXECUTIVE BOARD. President — Geo. W. York, Chicago, 111. \'ice-Pres. — Morley Pettit, Guelph, Ont. Secretary — E. B. Tyrrell, Dotroit, Mich. Treas.-Clen'l Mgr. — N. E. France, Piattsville, Wis. DIRECTORS. I". D. Townsend. Remus, Mich, Wesley I'oster, Boulder. Colo. 1". Wilcox, Mauston, Wis. .1. K. Crane, iMiddlebury. Vt. .1. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn, Annual Membership $1.50, one-third, or 50 cents of which goes to the local branch where such branch is organized. Send dues to the Secretary. %Potatoe "'^ mi •Izer's Potntoes are known tb** world over for extreme earliuess. Theeditor of the Rural Niw Yorker fMi gives to Salzer'g Burliest Pmrito the a: I touishing yield of 464 bushels per acrel r Salzer's Earliest Potato Collection. Composed of four rare earliest and ' Mater sort, separately packed, full Aveight, bbl. ouly $4.00. Catalog tells! ' For 16 Cents. , lO.OOOkernclsofsplendid Lettuce, Radish,/ (Tomato. Cabbage, Turuip, Onion, Celery, I ' y, Carrot, Melon and Flower Seeds iug bushels of vegetables and flowers for lOc postpaid. Big vegetable and farm seed cata- ; free fur the asking. >JohnA.SalzerSeedCo.,i, - 213 6o. 8tli St., La Crosse, WjB.V't iJ^Jili ilV',*^' W. H. Laws will be ready to take care of your queen orders, whether large or small, the coming season. Twenty-five years of careful breed- ing brings Laws' queens above the usual standard; better let us book your orders now. Tested queens in March; untested, after April 1st. About 50 first-class breeding- queens ready at any date. Prices: Tested, $1.25; 5 for $5.00; Breed- ers, each $5.00. Address W. H. Laws, Beeville, Texas. SECTIONS ^ We make a specialty of manufacturing Sedions. ^ Prompt shipments on all Bee-Keepers' supplies. CATALOGUE FREE AUG. LOTZ & CO. BOYD, WISCONSIN At Last — ^A Comfortable Motorcyde The Ful-Floteing seat on the new Harley-Uavidson Motortscle eliminates jolts, jars and all vibrations. The Free- wheel Control, another exclusive fea- I tare makes it possible to start the Harley-Davidson like an aatomobile, witiiout pedaling or running alongside I to start motor. Write for catalog. H«Tfcy-D«Tidiwi Motor Co.. 344 A St.. Mihraakee G E IN U I X E CARMOJ>A.\ AI.P! E ^ /HAVING practiced the tobacco method, the caging of the queen jl*l for a day or so before releasing her; and the sugar candy method letting the bees gnaw out the queen; I have found the following method as little subject to risk and the quickest method that I have tried. Going to the hive I wish to requeen I find the old queen and kill her, then take two of the combs with the most young bees and hatching bees on them, putting them at one side of the hive with the division board between them and the main cluster of bees. If there are no old bees on these combs to speak of, I then run the new queen right in on these combs of hatching bees. So far I have not lost one in twenty of the queens, and in forty-eight hours I come around and remove the division board, readjusting the brood nest as I wish it to be. ]\Iany a hive I just pull out a comb of bees and brood after disposing of the old queen and turn my new queen loose on the comb before my eyes. If the THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 131 bees are quiet and the queen not nervous everything will be alright, but should anything- unusual appear in the bees' manner toward the queen I resort to the isolation of the queen on the combs of hatching brood. I have never had good success in leaving the queen caged on the hive, for so often she is balled or rather she and her cage is, and when this happens it is hard to get the bees to accept her. One will be able to judge pretty well whether the bees will accept the queen by their docility and the bearing of the queen. A queen that has been handled carefully will walk out of the cage onto the comb among the bees as sedately and confidently as though she had always belonged there. I watch a few minutes and if every- thing is quiet close the hive and go away. Boulder. Col. A Texas Bee-Keeper, With An Apiary in Oklahoma, Gives Some Good Advice About Organizations. (Read at Oklahoma Meeting.) GEO. H. COULSON. ^^^^R. President: — You have selected for me the sul:)ject of the ^/,£ association of bee-keepers. I am sorry you did this, as upon that subject it might be said that I am an extremist, approx- imating almost to fanaticism, and I fear before I get through you will regard my ideas as extravagant as that of the Irishman who, upon visiting his native country, was asked if it was true that the people in America built houses one on top of another, instead of side by side, and called them "skyscrapers." Pat replied that it was, and that on the last one he worked on in Xew York they had to "jukc down to alloii' tJie moon to pass over, and that America was an easy place to live in, that all he had to do was to carry brick and mor- tar to the top of the house, and there were men up there who did all the work. AX( AGE OF ASSOCIATIONS. This might be said to be the age of association. In this day every enterprise or avocation, to be succcssfnlly condncted. must have its association. We have the corn grozcers' association, the cotton growers' association, and the cattle, sheep, szcine and poultry dealers all have their associations, and there are subdivisions of these such as Short-honis, Jersey, and so on. for cattle; Poland China and Berkshires for hogs, in breeds and strains almost innumerable, each having their admirers^ and their meetings, which sometimes extend for days, at which the valuable points of these breeds are 132 THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW discussed. The idea of tlie bee-keej^ers succeedint^- in their chosen occupation zi'ithont an association, seems iifterly absurd to me; and if we fail to give our occupation the time and attention i^iven to other industries of far less importance, it is soon noticed by an ever scru- tinizing public. Then, to succeed, we must follow suit. The ad- vantages to be derived from these associations are manyfold. The frequent coming together of men whose thoughts are running in the same channel, and a comparison of these thoughts, brought out by friendly discussions, enable a member to take advantage of all new discoveries made by the brightest members in the special call- ing, making it exceedingly difficult for the man who attempts to pursue the same occupation with but one brain, as it might be termed, and imless he is in the possession of a giant intellect will only be able to succeed fairly well. THE FIEI.B IN OKI.AHOMA. With over fi\e hundred l)ee-keepers in ( )klaht)ma and lots of honey going to waste in nearly e\ery county in the state, no grander field could exist for an association of our chosen calling if we but take hold and each do his part. It pains me to see some Oklahoma bee-keepers standing aloof from the National .\ssociation and crit- icising its action. It is our duty to coincide with that body and work in harmony with it; in fact, become a part of it, and if the new constitution does not suit us, put ourselves in a position to help change it until it does. With over four thousand members in the National organization, having representatives from forty-five states, we have the grandest foundation laid for one of the most elTective associations, or corporations if you please to call it. that ever existed, ^^'e have it in our power to sa\' what shall constitute the price of well ripened honey in every market in the United .States, if not in the world. Now do not throw up your hands in holy horror and shout, "trust, graft," or anything of the kind. Am- erican bee-keepers are not composed of that kind of material that oppressive trusts are made of, as this will l)e a trust that can be trusted. One of its ])rincipal objects will be to increase the quantity of that which is now wasted, and bring about a general use of that which is but little used among the masses of the people, and thus prove conducive to the general health of all. At the present time not one in five hundred of the inhabitants of the nation has ever tasted of that God-given sweet, hidden in the flowers of every state, county and township, and only to be secured through the medium of the busy bee. \\'ith butter selling in most of oui country mar- kets at from ?0c to ."iOc per pound, much of it stronger than the strongest argument we have heretofore made, we have honey, (na- ture's pre-digested sweet) to take its place at from He to 10c per pound. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 133 I niij^ht state that another reason why the Xational Association will never be a trust that will ofiprcss the pecjple as other trusts have done, is the fact that the class of men who are enf;aged today in the production and sale of honey are not of that class who are living- for self alone. They have higher notions than that of extor- tion. A\'hat a rare thing is it to hear of a professional bee-keeper applying; for a patent to protect him in his discoveries or inventions, in his line of work, with the view of making' money out of it. He seems to have liii:^her motixes than that of extortion or the taking- of nsnry, but rather prefers to adopt the scriptural admonition that "freely thou hast received, freely give.'' there being something- in the association with bees and their work in securing honey from nature's flowers, that induces him t(^ act honestl}'. MORE TIMZ: AT MEETINGS NEEDED. It appears to me that we do not give ourselves the time at oiu" meetings that the importance of our calling- demands, instead of a feiv honrs for discussion at which time the election of officers and routine business is crowded in. wc should at least take oitc entire day, or a day and night for our discussions. I recently attended a poultrv association, exhibited chickens, etc.. and four entire days were consumed, including the evenings until ]ii o'clock. Wliich is the most important, bees or biddy f Xow in conclusion, brother bee-keepers, should foul-brood get in your apiary or a bad season occur as in Oklahoma and in many other states the ])ast year, do not get diseourai:;ed and ne(:;lect yonr bees. Rememl^er that This world is not as bad a world As some would like to make it ; Though whether g-ood or whether bad Depends u]ion how we take it. A'ictoria. Texas. Comments on Articles in February Revie'w. J. L. BYER. ' " jf^ 1\ I E X D TYRRELL: February Rkx'ikvn- came to hand a few Jl\ days ago. and 1 feel prompted to make a few comiuents on some of the articles contained in the same. First. I notice the name of Ht)mer Alathewson, and that reminds me that he was one of the chaps that helped to make my visit to Albany in the fall of '10, an occasion always to be remembered with pleasure. Mr. Alathewson lives not so very far from the home of our departed friend, Afr. Alexander, and he certainly is a real disciple of the latter insofar as s])ring feeding is concerned. Speaking of the Alexander feeder. 134 THE BEE-KEEPERS REVIEW and the plan of using the same in the early spring, he says, ''Feed a little each day until fruit bloom, and between fruit bloom and clover you will get a crop. No feed and the crop will not bother you." Certainly that is clear-cut and concise enough for anyone. While it is generelly accepted as a fact that the Review is mainly for specialists in beekeeping, yet I think it is a pretty good journal for beginners, too, and like as not a number of this class are on the subscription list of the paper. On account of this class. I am prompted to come to their rescue, and say that it is quite possible to get a crop in most localities I am familiar with, without going to all the trouble and expense of feeding colonies from the time they are set out till fruit bloom — after that date ( fruit bloom) feeding is pretty good practice in most cases, but not ahi'ays necessary to secure a crop — circumstances as to season and locality being the deciding factors in the matter as to feed or not to feed. ^lore than that, there are a number of us so foolish as to believe that ca'iy spring feeding is actually detrimental to the bees, and we would not let anyone do the work if they supplied the sugar free and work ditto. Without going into detail on this question, a few questions as to why it should l)e necessary to feed colonies in the early spring may not be out of order. Given a good, prolific queen in the hive, abundance of good stores, and the colony having wintered in good condition, what can stimulating by feeding do, to better the condi- tion of said colony during the latter part of March, and all of April, owing to the very uncertain weather, changing from cold to warm and vice versa — this kind of weather often continuing during first week of May? Is it not the general experience that colonies at that time do not suffer for want of brood, but rather from want of bees to take care of the brood there may be in the hives? Certainly that has been my experience with the bees 1 have, and it has never been any trouble to get enough brood in the hives in the early spring when we have so much bad weather as a rule. Of course, I admit that the feeding will sometimes stimulate the queen to lay more eggs than she would if no feed was given, but when a cold snap came and all the extended circles of the brood caused by this feeding would perish, where was the gain? We hear much of spring dwindling, and I would like to ask if any bee-keeper ever found a colony going back in the early spring because the queen was not laving enough. What is the actual con- dition found in a colony that is rapidly fading away by this com- plaint? Instead of the queen not laying fast enough, it is always found that there are not bees enough to care for what eggs the queen does lay, and when they finally dwindle out altogether, it is found that the queen to the last has been laying eggs, seemingly THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 135 with the desperate hope that she can in this way perpetuate the life of the colony. While I honestly believe that the best ''spring" treatment for a colony of bees is to have an abundance of good stores given in the fall before, and that early spring manipulation almost in any form, is not to the best interests of the colony, yet I am not so foolish as to try to persuade friend [Nlathewson and other believers of early spring feeding to stop their practice which seems to give good re- sults in their hands. However, as stated before, these comments on the system advocated by friend Mathewson are for the benefit of some who may contemplate entering the business and who may be discouraged by the picture of barrels of sugar looming up in the horizon whenever they think of bee-keeping. Sugar may be neces- sary sometimes in the fall for winter stores, but deliver this chap from the necessity of feeding any l^efore fruit bloom in the spring. PAINTING FOUNDATION WITH WAX. O. O. Poppleton is exceedingly good authority, but although interested in his plan of painting the tops of the sheets of founda- tion to prevent sagging, I am not at all enamoured with the idea, as it appears to me it would take a lot of wax and a lot of work to practice the plan on an extensive scale. With vertical wiring I have found that the trouble is pretty well done away with, and although many of my frames are wired horizontally. I unhesitatingly assert that the best method is the vertical. It will not likely ever be a popular method, as it is more trouble to pierce the top-bars than the ends — this may explain why the vertical plan has not more advocates. Perhaps another objection is that the ordinary bottom bars will spring badly when the wires are strung from top to bottom. CIiOVER BI.COMING FIBST VEAB. White clover and alsike are. in "our locality." biennials. In other words the plants that came up in '11 will bloom, go to seed and then die in '12. This may not always be true, but it is the general rule, as can be proven by all who cultivate the two plants for seed. In the past we have raised hundreds of acres ot both kinds of clover, and the seed crop is always taken the second year after being sown. Sometimes the alsike will bloom in August the first year sown, to a limited extent, if the season has been a moist one. In such cases, while the bees would be seen on the blossoms, yet no honey of any account would be brought in. BEE ESCAPES. Have never used bee escape boards to any extent, and as we are thinking of getting a number to use at the apiary 200 miles away from home, next season, I read with interest what Friend Getaz has 136 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW to sa}' on the question. To tell the truth [ am a bit disappointed with the "concerns" after seeing- what a lot of trouble he has to make them work successfully. Had an itlea that all that was neces- sary was to go the night before and put on -U) or .30 as the case might be, and in the morning- j)ile all the supers on a barrow and trot them into the honev house. Has anyone else had better luck than yir. tletaz in the use of these bee-escape l)oards. I wonder. Any information on that line will be thankfully received, Alt. fov. ( )nt.. Can. Shall We Buy or Rear Our Queens? J. A. CRANE. •rfj^ EAR EDITOR: Among the many subjects which engage JZI/ the attention of up-to-date beekeepers, none is more per- sistent, nor perliaps more vital than the question of queens; whether to raise, or 1)U}' what are needed. When I l^egan bee keeping, and began tc^ read !)ee papers and especially the glowing ads. of queen breeders, I thought that my poor black bees, which gave me one year 141 pounds per colony, were of necessity about the poorest bees in America, and I. of course, looked forward to the time when I should have all Italians, and such light yields be a thing- of the past. Alas, 1 ha\c the yellow bees all right, and I think I ha\e some of the best >^trains, but never quite reached the average that I did with the old blacks, but have often had individual colonies do much better than any colony of blacks that I ever owned. But this is neither here nor there. The point is, Iktw shall we get queens for our own use. Some extensive bee-keepers say that they must buy as they have no time to raise their own. That is all right. I always concede that every man knows his own busi- ness better than 1 do. but in the long run how much better ofT is he by buying largel}". than if he left the matter entirely with the bees themselves, since at least one writer says that he always ex- pects that at least ten per cent of his purchased queens will prove worthless? How many more than that would he worthless if the matter was left entirely to the bees? RAISING QUEEN CEI^IiS BY THE FECK. Several vears ago someone spoke of the ease with which queen cells could be raised by the peck or hundred, at almost any time oi year when bees were Hying. I have paid a lot of good dollars for queens raised by the peck and ha\e come to the conclusion that they do not work well in mv ward. I must adniit that I ha\e once in a THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 137 while found an extra good queen among purchased stock, but with me they have been merely the exceptions which prove the rule, and I at present buy very few. I have also tried many ways of raising queens, even went so far as to prepare for raising queens for sale at one time, but what to do with the poor queens "sort o' bothered me," and I never went any farther with it, and broke up most of my fixtures. I now never sell a queen unless some one comes to my yard and picks out what he wants himself. Of the many methods of raising queens, I like this best for a busy man during a busy time: I first put an empty comb into my breeding hive. Three days later I prepare- cells as follows: Take out the comb with the eggs ready to hatch, and cut out strips one row of cells wide, then cut through every other cell, and stick them on or in the cell cups. Place in the cell bars and give to the bees prepared for cell starting. I sometimes shake bees into a swarm box and shut them in for six hours, according to the plan given by Dr. Phillips in his bulletin, but more often I do it in this way: Go to a strong colony and remove the super from over an excluder about night. Set it away until the next morning with the swarm box cover over it, prepare the cells as above and give to the bees. The eggs should hatch during the day, and at night take the super back to the hive from which it was taken, raise two frames of brood from below^ and place the cell bars between them, over the excluder of course. CARING FOR THE CEI.I.S. Now right here is where it seems to me that many of us have often made a serious mistake. W'e know that a strong force of queen- less bees will start a large batch of celh, and a strong colony will build out after a fashion about all that are started, but how many will be good for anything. I want a queen that I am going to use in my yard to hatch out from a large fine cell, and I want to find a good sized wad of royal jelly left in the bottom of it when she comes out. The question is how to bring this about. Simply take away all but from six to eight of the well started cells and place them in other hives under the same conditions, and do this over the next da}- after placing them on the original hive. Then look them over before giving to nuclei or colonies to hatch, and reject all cells not up to the standard in size and shape, and we may reasonably expect very few "five-cent" queens as a result. Xow while this may seem to be a lot of fussing for nothing the extra quality of all queens obtained, and the comparatively few poor ones to be replaced later seem to me to be good pay for the extra time and trouble. 138 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW In this wa\- the queen is practically raised from the egg, being- hatched with queenless bees who are anxious for a queen, and who will start cells around the eggs before they are hatched, and then they are returned to a strong colony about as soon as they are' hatched, so it seems to me that they have about the best chance to make good that it would be ])ossible to give them. GRAFTING NOT NECESSARV. I have grafted man\- hundred cells with success, but it always seemed as if it might hurt the baby larvce to handle it, and change it from its original warm cradle to another which might not be quite so warm, or the food might be a little different, or any one of a dozen other chances might do it some harm. Hy this method there is no handling", transferring or anything of the kind, and with me results have been fine queens. I generally re-queen by the ripe cell method, which is very sure and takes little time. It would seem that nearly any one who needed from fifty to one hundred queens in 3. season could by this method raise what queens he needed, for less than half of the money he would have to pay for untested stock, with the chances in his favor for better stock. Marion, X. Y. Improving Your Bees While Producing Honey. GEO. B. HOWE. (Continued from March number.) HABS TO BRZ:Z:i> ITAI.IANS TRUE TO COI.OR. You who have bred the Italian bee know how hard it is to g'et them to breed pure as to color. It is "select'' or they will degener- ate l)ack to the Black bee only too quickly. I am sure that if you take one colony of Black bees, put it into an apiary of pure Italians, and let them alone, in a few years they will degenerate back to the lUack bee with all their characteristics. It is not that the Black bee is the strongest, but the strong tendency to drift to Black. I wish to make this ijlain. Take a tiock of Plymouth Rock hens and roosters. Now i)Ut a brown Leg- horn rooster with them and see how quickly the Leghorn blood will run out the Plymouth Rock blood. The same with black bee. The drones are more active and the tendency to revert back to black blood. Also the Black bees rear more drones tlian the Italian bees do. So you can see that there is just truth enough in that theory to be misleading. The color of the Black ]:)ee is all in her favor in regard to their being able to stand more cold then the real yellow THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 139 Oh, Yes, They Have Snow in Missouri. J. F. Diemer's Yard, Libeity, Mo. bee. So I found here was one place where the l)nrk Leather Italian strains were ahead of the lighter colored bees. SEIiECTINO OUR BREEDING STOCK. There is one sure way of doin^- this — to go ])y the honey record. lUit there are thins^^s ci'cii more iiiipo'-faiil. I'irst, the colony must winter perfect, and. if they don't, they are not fit to l)reed from. When do we know that they winter perfect? Let me explain. I do not consider that a colony has wintered perfect unless they have been free from dysentery, sjjrini;- dwindlini^", paralysis or anythins;' that shows a Zi'cakiicss. \'()U will all ha\e to admit that there are some colonies tliat winter perfect when about every other colony seemingly has dwindled or shows signs of dysenterw Honey dew is bad stores to winter bees on. as we should all know, and yet why is it some colonies will winter perfect, as you might say. on^ the 7'cry same stores that ruined the other colonies. Xot only that, but they build up in Ijad weather in spring, while the others are stand- ing still or going back. I admit the Avinter stores have much to do with it l)Ut. on the other hand, I tind it is in the bee as well. Xow when they commence to l)rced up in the spring, see' if the (jueen lays in ever)- cell, keeping her l^roodnest compact and as warm weather comes on she fills those combs solid with brood clear to the end bar and from top to bottom as well, not laving in si.x or seven combs what should be in four. I use regular G frames. 140 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Here is a characteristic that must not be overlooked. You will never find that colony where the cjueen scatters her brood up with the leaders in the fall. She must fill her combs solid with brood and be prolific enough to keep them so. Such colonies are less inclined to swarm, contrary to theory. We find that colony at work early in the morning and late at night, and if there is nectar in the field they are not hanging around you every time you open a hive. Oh, no, they are so busy they don't seemingly Jiazr time to think of robbing. STBONO, VIGOROUS FI.VERS. Now note these bees as they leave the hive. They are away like a flash and when they return they enter the hive so quickly that you can not catch a field bee unless it is cool or windy. I wish to be understood that I am talking about field bees, for young bees will always mark their location. They will work in cool weather or when it rains. Throw sawdust at the entrance and see how quickly those bees will carry it away, while some colonies seem indifferent to it. This shows vigor and vigor in the right direction is what we have got to have for good results in honey production. Again, note the wings of your bees. You will soon learn that there is quite a noticeable variation in different colonies. I would like to call 3'our attention to the load of honey, that is, the size of their honey sacks. Catch the bees in a honey flow, kill the bee, dissect her and you will find some strains of Italians carry one-third more honey to a load than some black colonies do. You can compare the size of the honey sacks and prove whether or not I am right. Then note if the colony daubs up every thing with propolis. Stop and think what this one trait costs the comb honey producer. Some colonies gather double the amount of propolis that other colonies do. This can be reduced one-half in breeding by selecting the colonies that do not show this bad trait. Bear in mind these trivial things, as they will look to many bee-keepers, for they are of vital importance and sliould not be overlooked. The color factor in bees is a great guide to go by; that is, to a certain extent. If your bees have been bred pure for genera- tions then you are sure of the color factor. I wish my most beau- tiful bees would make the most honey. I am not blind to beauty. But I find after years of records of the best queens I could rear or buy, it was the colonies that were very dark, some showing only two yellow bands unless filled with honey. So I have found that colonies with bees too yellotv or too dark or black were not the largest producers. BSEEDXSrO PURE ITA.I.IANS THAT WERE BI.ACX. Several years ago the writer thought he could breed pure Ital- ians that were all black, with all the characteristics of the Italian THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 141 •.,:,'^^^^ race. I found that I coukl l)reed the color all rii^hf. but the chor- acteristic's zccrc lost, for the blacker I got them the more like the pure black race with the same char- acteristics they be- came. I am not sat- is.fied with that test until I can select my dark queens and dark drones from a strain of knozcn purity, and take them where they will surely mate together. I will not give it up, for I can breed you nice three- banded bees of known purity that will shake off the combs and handle in many ways like the pure black bees, but they are not as irritable or nervous. I know that there are some who have bred bees as to color most beautiful to look at, 1iut in all those l>eautiful colonies of bees that I ha\e had, not one came up to the dark col- onies as to gathering- honey. /;/ all fancy stock there is so much to sacrifice for beanfy. The House the Bees Built for D, Ansuish. HEREDITV. Here hangs our success or failure in selecting a breeding queen. For a few years I bred from the queen that gave me the largest yield of honey, but I found that was not a good rule to go by, as some of those zrry best queens for honey proved to be poor breeders. In fact, I test every one, and have often been disappointed in them. Rut, when you do get one of those high flyers that is a good breeder you have got a price. My best l)reeders are always above the axerage on honey gath- ering. I test every breeder by rearing a few queens from her, being- sure to number each ciuecn l)y her mother's numl)cr. This way: No. 5S-1, No. r)S--2, and so on up. Xow if I ha\'e a voung queen whose work looks promising I rear a few queens from her and number 142 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW The Family the Bees Raised for D. Anguish. them, and in doin.i;- this I have gained a :cholc year on this queen as a breeder. Yon have all noticed certain colonies that have as many bees in the hives as other colonies that have a third more brood. Further- more, those same colonies keep their numbers steadily increasing, while the other colonies came to a standstill. This trait of longevity is separate from hardiness, and should not be confounded with it. If bees do not show length of life in the working season, over other colonies, we will not know that they i)ossess this most valuable trait. If you will take a frame of brood from these best bees and put it into a colony of black bees, or any inferior colony as to color, keeping a careful record when the last bees hatch, and when the last bees disappear, of these bees that you are testing, you will surely know, if in the working season, that you are right. Xo race of bees shows the trait or characteristic of hardiness like the black or German bee, to my knowledge. RANGZ: or FLIGHT. We must watch our bees to learn their range of flight. It will surprise some to know that some colonies in the same apiary fly less than half the distance that other colonies do. These are facts, THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 143 and I will say that the trait or characteristic of long- range of flight is strongly fixed in our vellow bees. Prolificness is all right, and all breeding queens should be pro- lific, but without the other traits and characteristics to go with it. it counts for nothing, and I think we have been misled by some writers advocating it so strongly, as we all know it is not our most prolific races that gives us the large yields of honey, and where one race would suit one location better, another race would be more suitable and more satisfactory for other locations. I do not know which is the best race onl}- for ni}- location, and right here let me say 1 did get some wonderful colonies from the Carniolan queens crossed with Italian drones, l)ut as they did not give me so much honey I discarded them. I had been led to believe that most any race of bees crossed with Carniolan drones would improve their temper. I got the worst stinging bees from Italian queens mated to Carniolan drones, and in all my experiments I never saw a hybrid colony that you could handle as you could a pure Carniolan or Italian colony, in all kinds of weather and honey dearths or flows. Take my advice if a bee-keeper says that his bees are gentle }'(>u can rest assured the\' are j)retty well l)red one wav or the other. The Bees Themselves of D. Anguish. 144 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW What D. R. Hardy's Three-Year Old Queen Did. STOCK OF D. B. HABBV. I will tell you of one bee-keeper that has bred the Caniiolan- Italian crosses along the same or similar lines that the writer has. You would not know that there was much Carniolan blood in them. They are nice bees to handle; tliat is, most of them are. I have a queen from this apiary at least one-third Carniolan. mated in my own yard and it would take an expert to tell what the colony was. Italians and good ones the most of bee-keepers would call them. This bee-keeper is Mr. D. R. Hardy, Bur's Mills, N. Y. I bring this up to show you that there is a great Held for breeding bees. These bees are wonders for honey, and the only reason I discarded the Carniolan crosses was because of too much inclination to swarm. But will say that in testing four strains the past season, that it opened my eyes some, what the Hardy bees did in 1911. It was pleasing to notice what Mr. Hardy has done in a few vears bv selecting: in breeding', as he has had to select for color. THE STOCK I STARTED WITH. I got the first good Italian (jueen from L. H. Rol)ey and she I^roved such a wonderful queen that I reared a number of queens from her and, as they proved superior to all others, I used her for a breeder as long as she lived. About the time she died I found one of her daughters to take her place. This fiueen was a good breeder. The only fault with these bees was that some of them would cap their honey thin or "greasy," as some would call it; and, as these queens were gen- THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 145 •crally some of the best, 1 did not like to kill them. 1 tried \entila- tion. but it did no good. 1 found that this was a trait of certain colonics: that ])y changing" the queen I stopped it every time. I wish that it could have been stopped with shade and ventilation, for it would have saved some fine queens for honey. I found, how- ever, that by breeding from queens whose colonies capped their honey white, reduced this trait very much, although we will get now and then one that will cap their honey thin. I had to kill all such at that time, but now, with out-}-ards to take them to, I can save them until the proper time to requeen. lUit I would not have them in niy breeding yard at any price. If vou had fought this trait as 1 have, you would not lilame me. A PREMIUM QUEEN. Tt was about IDDO that I got a queen with Glcanini^s in Bee Culture as a premium. I would like to say right here that the Roots ne\er did a Ijetter thing in their lives for the bee-keeping world, and some day those who made sport of the long tongue and other comments about her will see their follv. She certainlv was a leon- dcrfnl queen. There are others only waiting to be found, and who will find them? 'JTie bee-keeper who is breeding and selecting will surely find more, just as good and better. She is not the only one. liut had the ones that made so much fun taken a daughter of that (|ueen. and done just a little selecting and breeding, we would now have far superior colonies at the present time. I reared queens from the Root queen and mated them to the Robey queen's drones. I got a great variation as to cohir, traits and characteristics. The next season I used a Robey queen, mating the queens to the red-clover queen's drones. I got so many good queens from this queen that 1 used her as a breeder for three sea- sons, discarding all the Root, except a few of the very best ones. I culled out all inferior queens, only keeping the best, replacing all poor queens with a daughter of the breeder. "PRIDE" PRODUCES 168 BOXES OF COMB HONEY IN THE FOURTH YEAR. i called this queen Pride, and she was well-named, for in her fourth year she produced ICxS boxes of comb honey, and nearly every one of those boxes was extra fancy honey. During her foui* seasons she was one of the best, producing over 200 boxes of comb honey for two of those seasons. Don't fear inbreeding. I thought I was inbreeding most too much, so 1 used a red clover queen, as a ])reeder. I got some wonderful queens from this queen, but they did not average up to the Robey strain. I had been testing three or four of the best Rol^ev queens for breeders, using the one for a breeder whose daughters gave the largest average — not cue queoi. l.iii (/// of theni. 1 will have to sav 146 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW again, do not use a queen for a breeder whose daughters do not average over seventy-five per cent extra good queens, for you are taking a step back if you do. Eighty and ninety per cent are good breeders. Ninety-seven per cent is the best 1 ever had a queen do. This is a fact, and can be done again. Of course, I had the right drone mothers for that queen's daughters to mate with. I want a queen for a breeder that will reproduce Jiersclf, so strong in all good points, and that her daughters are very even in honey production. IKEV PRESENT BBEESER. The foundation of my strain now, after breeding these bees for eleven years or more (and I have the best queen mother I ever had), is a Robey queen, or from that strain on her mother's side, and everything leads me to believe that she was mated to a Robey drone, I have the color fairly fixed in this strain. The bees are easily detected from any queen mated to these drones. This queen is No. 58. She has wintered perfectly every winter. She will be four years old in August, 1910, and has produced a large crop of honey every season. Yes, and did in 1910. Had some d^aughters that pro- duced more, but was one of the best at four years old, and is the mother of more extra good queens than any two breeding queens I ever had. I do not know just how many hundreds of queens I have reared from her, and scarcely a poor queen in the whole lot of them. Even the queens that are mismated are good honey gatherers. Some were hard to beat. I can not boast of beauty in my bees ; but, when it comes to honey, I will leave that to some one who has tested them to tell. Not only are these bees superior in a good season, but show their breeding in a poor season, producing a fair crop of honey, while some other strains scarcely make a living. I bought 70 colonies of 'black bees in the spring, 1909, putting them 3^ miles from the home apiary, which has 250 colonies. Mind you, I run the out-yard using full sheets of foundation in most of the shallow extracting supers, running them mostly for extracted honey, and they produced a little less than one-half as much per colony as the home-yard did, run for comb honey. I said mostly full sheets of foundation. The rest was drawn combs. There was more work and care to each colony than at the home-yard. {Continued in May issue.) (Judging by the flood of letters I have received, Dr. Bonney and Mr. Howe have started something. I have been very much surprised to learn what a live subject this question of "better bees" is. Many letters and some articles have been received which I would like to use, but I am afraid of drawing out the discussion so long that it will become tiresome to my readers. However, as you are the judge, if you would like it continued through several months more, just drop me a postal card to that effect.) THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 147 Published Monthly E. B. TYRRELL, Editor and Publisher Office — ^230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, MicUigan. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post office at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1S79. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Ha- waiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. Dlseontiniianoes — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, shouM send a rec|uest to that effect. Ailvertisins rate!^ on appliention. EDITORIAL Co-operation nurses ambition and begets independence. Fourteen National Branches and more coming. Join the pro- cession, brothers, it is your parade. Five thousand circuhtrs will have been sent out to National members and prc^spective members by the time this paper reaches you. Among other things, this circular will tell of the National plans, and give prices and freight rates on tin honey packages. If YOU don't 2:et vours write. Connecticut Bee-Keepers Convention. Secretary James A. Smith, Hartford, Conn., writes me that the Connecticut l)ee-keepers will hold their annual meeting at Hartford, in the Y. AI. C. A. Building, on Saturday, April 13th. A good pro- gram has been prepared, and tlie question of becoming a branch of the National will be considered. A Michigan Comb Honey Specialist. While Michigan is conceded to be a state of extracted honey specialists, there is at least one man who is making good at the pro- duction of comb honey, and that too in a location farther north than many would consider good for the production of comb hone3^ This man is L. Denzer, of Highwood, Alichigan. His yield last year, in spite of the poor season, was 11,000 pounds of comb honey from 148 colonies, spring count. Mr. Denzer winters his bees out-doors in chafit hives. 148 THE BEE-KEFPERS' REVIEW It Is Not What We Get But What We Expect to Get That Makes Life Worth Living. ( )ne of my subscril)ers took me to task for the ab'.ne statement in the Vehruiwy Ri<:\"iE\\'. He says: "Don't tell me it is what I ex- pect that makes life worth ]i\'in;^-, etc. It is what I qet today, now,, that ccnints. I will take a little of heaven each da}-."' lUit you don't get the idea. Of course there is pleasure in what we get. but if we didn't have any anticipations for the future, if we weren't working towards something better, then what w^e have would soon get monotonous. Just so soon as we stop striving. just so soon do we lose interest. I a])]jreciate your view, but still I believe that I am correct. Spring Meeting of the Colorado State Bee-Keepers' Association in Montrose, Colorado, Friday and Saturday, May lO-lL The Montrose County I Jee- Keepers' .Association will be the host of the State Association at the spring meeting in Montrose. It is desired that every bee-keeper on the eastern, side of the moun- tains take the trip to Montrose and see this country. Homeseekers' rates will apply on the Denver & Rio (irande R. R. from Denver, Colorado Springs and Pueblo. These rates are good for 30 days. I would suggest that the way to go is via Marshall Pass and return by way of Grand Junction over Tennessee Pass. More of the country can be seen this way. The western slope bee-keepers in Mtjntezuma, La Plata, Mon- trose. Delta, Mesa and Carfield Ccumties are urged to turn out in full force. This will be a live meeting and you will regret it if you do not attend. \\E<,iJiy Foster, Sec rcfai-\. Winter Losses. Reports to this office are conflicting regarding the loss of bees. Some report splendid results, while others report heavy losses. The late fall made the extreme cold weather less dangerous, as the bees had not been confined so very long when the cold spell came. I do not look for excessive losses in the Xorth, at least. The South and A\'est, however, ofTer a different i)roblem. Bees would, no doubt, be more aft'ected by the extreme cold, as they are not so well protected as in the Xorth. ( )ne subscriber in Kansas reported heavy losses each of the last few winters, and this winter packed heavy, with the result that his bees have wintered perfectl}', while those around him suffered heavily. Send in your winter re])orts, for we are all anxious to know just how the bees have wintered in general. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 149 Misbranding of Food Products. Duriny' the past \ear I have recei\e(l, I ])resume. sexeral hun- dred reports from the L'nited States Government regarding the mis- l)randing of food products, four of which may he of interest to Rk\ji-:w readers. "Sweet's Honey X'ermiluge"' was declared misbranded for two reasons. One. it did not contain any honey, and two. Ijecause it did not contain the amount of alcoliol the lal)e! showed. ■'3vlrs. Morrison's l>rand Pure h'ood Products Honey. Xet Weight 8 Ounces. Prepared by A. A. Deiser & Ctmipany, Des Moines. Iowa,'' was declared misbranded liecause the sample exam- ined showed a shortage in weight. Six packages showed a shortage of 4.8(i per cent in weight, on an average. "Xorthern ( )hio Sugar." manufactured l)y the Standard Syrup Co.. of Cleveland. Ohio, and "'Maple Sugar." packed by the Standard Syrup Company. Cle\eland. ( )hio, were declared mis])randed be- cause they Ijoth contained cane stigar prei)ared in imitation of maple sugar. "Fireside I'.rand Cane and Maple Sugar Butter," packed for P»oren-Stewart Co.. Dallas. Texas, was declared misbranded because in addition to the two ingredients named on the lal^el it also had benzoate of soda. It is refreshing to notice that of all the cases reported there was only one of honey, and that only because it was short weight. Truly otu' national pure food laws are doing good. At the Home of a Canadian Bee-Keeper. The man who was responsible for my visit to the London con- vention, February "^Oth and ?^Iarch 1st, and who was apparently at the head of the work of getting up the program, was D. Anguish, of Lambeth, Ont. It is always necessary for some one man to take the lead, and as near as I could find out that man in this case was Mr. Anguish. After the convention adjourned its second session late Thursday night, through the courtesy of !Mr. and ]Mrs. Anguish, a whole 'bunch'' of us bee-men and women took the six-mile trolley ride to Lambeth, and spent the night. In the party was Mr. Hershiser and son. Miss Ethel Robson and sister. Mr. Pettit and myself. Two other bee-keepers live across the road from Mr. Anguish, and 1 believe each of them brottght home "company." So you see we could have had a regular convention in Lambeth the next dav. 150 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Not being' satisfied with all the trouble such a bunch would make, Mrs. Anguish had a midnight supper served, and I couldn't see but every one did justice to the same. After a tardy "getting under the blankets," we had only just nicely gotten to sleep, (so it seemed), when Mr. Anguish's gentle "Boys, it is morning again," roused us all to breakfast. I couldn't help noticing how he brought out that "again.'' After breakfast out we went through the three-foot snow (or more) to the bees. There they were packed in those four colony packing cases, almost covered with snow, l)Ut wintering as nicely as you could wish. Of course we had to have off a cover, run our hands down under the packing, and feel how nice and warm the bees were. Then by turning up the inside corner of the burlap we saw the bees just as lively and healthy looking as you could wish. Of course they will be right on the job next summer. Mr. Anguish told me that about ten years ago he gave up every thing else for the bees, and then he began to make money. Starting then with GO colonies, in debt, he now lias his beautiful home in Lambeth, a nice little bunch of money in the bank, and -iOO colonies of bees. In addition we mustn't forget to mention the splendid family he has reared besides, all of which is shown else- where in this issue. Back from the bees to the house we went, and ofif again to the convention. But of course we first explored his basement, saw his working room, honey pails, shipping cases, and the way he puts up his honey for market. Don't forget that he is a comb honey man, and he gets the price, too. If I am not mistaken he sold last year's crop for 20c per section. Of course he puts up an article that caters to the best trade possible. That London Convention. In spite of the fact that the Review got the announcement of the London convention somewhat mixed in its last issue, and tried to take it over to Toronto, there was a good attendance, and cer- tainly a full share of interest. Two "Yankees'' were present, O. L. Hershiser of Kenmore, N. Y., and myself. The discussions were practical, and such as would interest the bee-man who was in the business for the money there was in it. Spring manipulations, ripening honey, wintering and selling the crop, all came in for their share of the discussion. About spring manipulation, the opinion seemed to he that feed- ing for stimulative purposes should not be done before fruit bloom. Mr. McEwen. of Glandeboye, and Mr. Hershiser, of Kenmore, N. Y., both emphasized this point. 'Sir. McEwen feeds syrup T to 1, THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 151 in little feeders out doors. lie does not feed, however, if bees have lots of honey. Increasing 9G colonies to 125 and securing 2G, 000 pounds of extracted honey would prove that ^Ir. McKwen knows what he is talking about. A very interesting address was given by ^Ir. Clark, of Cains- ville. in which he urged the combination of bees with fruit and poultry. From 25 acres he sold last year $5,000 worth of produce, including honey, fruit and poultry. It developed, however, that ^Ir. Clark was really making more from his poultry, as he was selling very high priced birds for breeders or show purposes, and that he was really combining bees with the fruit and poultry instead of combining fruit and poultry with bees. In other words, bees were his side issue instead of the others. I learned that the credit of originating the plan of packing four colonies in one packing case belongs to Jacob Alpaugh. Many Canadian bee-keepers are practicing the plan with success, and it has the preference over cellar wintering with most of them. ^lorley Pettit, of Guelph. Ont.. in explaining his plan of hand- ling bees and appliances, gave what to me was a novel, and I should judge, excellent way of fastening in foundation in brood frames. He simply wires his frames with four horizontal wires, but puts the top wire within one-quarter inch of the top barb, and then fastens it in the middle by driving a small staple straddle of the wire and into the under side of the top bar. This prevents sagging, and then all that is necessary is to simply imbed the wires into the foundation and the job is done. Mr. Kimball increases his colonies and re-queens both at the same time by a simple method. At the close of basswood he divides his colonies, and then simply grafts queen cells from the best col- onies to those he wishes to improve, of course, first destroying queen cells which may have been started in the latter. I am not sure but he has his queen cells started before his general division, and then simply gives the cell soon after the division is made. In locating very young larvre for queen rearing-. ^Ir. Hershiser uses a common reading glass. He says he can also light the smoker with it during a hot day, in case he forgets the matches. Which proves that you mustn't let the sun shine through that glass when you are looking for larva?. The convention report would not be complete without mention- ing the work of Miss Ethel Robson, who conducts the woman's department in the Canadian Bee Journal. Busy with her note-book all through the convention, yet she was not too busy to contribute her part to the interesting discussions, and what she said would in- dicate that she had a practical knowledge of the cause she is cham- pioning. 152 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW SELECTED ARTICLES AND EDITORIAL COMMENTS Remedy for the Bee Moth. Bert H. blasters, Edison. Ohio, found that by putting eighty Indian runner ducks in his bee yard that they made short work of the moths flying around. To those of you who have ducks as well as bees the suggestion is worth remembering. — Glcaiiiiii;;s. Cost of Honey Production. Wesley Foster states that it takes him about twenty-fi\e days per year to handle one hundred colonies. He figures that at this rate, one man should be able to care for some five to six hundred colonies of bees without any help. He believes that if half of us could get at the cost of producing and introduce more systematic methods, we would probably be able to care for twice as many colonies as we now think possible. This we read in the American Bc'^ Journal. Double Super With the Excluder Between for Finding Queens. Take two supers, place a queen excluder between, fasten well together with shipping staples and. according to H. Harley Selwyn in Gleanings, you have an excellent arrangement for finding black queens. Put this arrangement on the ground in front of the hive, take out each frame and, after giving a hasty glance for the queen, if not found, shake the bees in the prepared super; repeat this per- formance until all frames have been shaken when, by smoking the bees the cluster will rapidly go below the excluder and the queen will be found with the drones above trying to get below. Honey Crop Reports. At the close of a splendid article in Gleanings on the above subject, \\'eslev hOster savs: ""There is no'.hing more necessary for the .stability of the honey market than accurate reports, and a central head to direct the distribution of the car load shipments of honey. The West is big and its product so large that something will have to be done to hold things steady. This is a need that the new National Association can supi)ly." To all of which we say '"Amen. " THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 153 There is no reason in the world why the National can not assist alonj^ this line, and we believe the next few years will show some surprises to the bee-keeping fraternity as to what is possible. Windbreaks for Wintering, Editorially Gicaiiiiigs in Bcc Culture says they have noticed that a windbreak, where built solid, will sometimes protect one part of the apiary and in so doing divert the wind to another part, and that they are beginning to believe that a windbreak is more effective if it is not solid. Trees, brush, open fences and such things accom- plish the purpose of an open windbreak. Protecting Entrances During Winter. J. L. Byer tells of a plan used by a Mr. Davison for i)rotecting entrances during winter. It is some sort of a contrivance which fits over the entrance like a vestibule. Why not try a little pile of straw piled against the entrance, covering the whole with snow where possible? Of cotirse, this can not be done unless you are near the bees to remove the straw when warm enotigh for bees to flv. — Gleanings. Pollen Famines. ^^"e often hear of honey famines, in fact they are a part of every A-ear's report, but the question of a pollen famine is not so generally imderstood. R. Buehne says in TIic Australasian Bcckccpcr that it is a serious thing with him. and gives an illustration of a case where queens were laying normally while the brood was not developed. There was no pollen in the hives and none coming in. He also noticed that bees appear sluggish and gather but little honey where there is no pollen in the hives or fields. I don't remember of any such reports on this side of the water, and yet I wonder just how much attention has been paid to it by our Amer- ican bee-keepers. Americans and Canadians. Samuel Simmons, of England, in a long article in the Canadian Bee Journal, gives the American and the Canadian a sharp rap be- tween the eyes over the results they are achieving. He does not feel that the amount of honey per colony we are securing is suffi- cient to crow over. He advocates a large hive, criticises the size and shape of the regular Langstroth frame. He uses a frame ten by sixteen inches and quotes an instance of a Mr. Eddows, formerly of Argentine, who used this size frame, securing an average of 330 lbs. of extracted honey per colony, W'hile the use of the Langstroth frame gave him but 150 lbs. per colony. 154 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW After all, we believe that the average American and Canadian is pretty well satisfied with the Langstroth frame, also, if there is any country where every size and shape imaginable have been tried out, this is certainly that country. Weighing Barrels of Honey. According to Gleanings in Bee Culture, A. 15. ^^larchant. of Flor- ida, weighs his barrels of honey by using a pair of steel-yards att?ached to the end of a long pole, which is used as a lever for lifting the barrel. A pair of grab-hooks are used, which catch each end of the barrel, and these hooks are hooked onto the steel-yard. The scheme is nothing more or less than fastening a long pole on a support so that it can be used as a lever, and attaching the steel- yards to the end of the pole. Just why northern bee-keepers suffer competition in the New York markets from Florida honey is explained when we remember that the freight rate from that territory to New York is only thirty- eight cents per hundred pounds. That California Association. ^ Editor York in the American Bee Journal goes after those Cali- fornians because of their withdrawal from the "National."' To me their action, instead of being a discouragement, is one of the best proofs possible that there was need of a change in the National laws. Please note that the action taken was based on the fact that they did not feel they had received returns in the past from their investment, and not because of any present action. True the raise in membership fee, no doubt, had some Ijearing, in that it brought the matter up for action. Just the same it will l)e interesting to those California bee-men to know that in spite of their action I am receiving individual mem- berships, and these are being placed in other National Branches, outside your state, and thus you are losing and will lose the support of many members who would otherwise be with you. If any State believes that by simply refusing to adopt the National Constitution they can thus kill the acti\ity of tlie National in their State, they are sadly mistaken. No, the National w^ants the sui)port of the local Associations, but if it can't ha\-e it then it Avill go calmly to work and organize their National members in that State, and thus estab- lish a competitive organization. It isn't a question of wdiether the National will be represented in }-our State, boys, it is sim])ly a question whether the National will have the support of your Asso- ciation without taking such steps. The plans of the National are meeting with approval, and it is only a question of a short time when National Branches will be flourishing all over the United States and Canada. THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 155 THE POOREST SECTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT IN THE GRADE NAMED ' r ft FANCY NUMBER ONE NUMBER TWO HONEY QUOTATIONS BOSTON — Fancy white comb honey l~c to ISc. Light amber 16c. Amber 15c. Fancy white extracted 10c to lie. Light amber and amber extracted 8c to 9c. Wax 30c. BIAKE LEE CO., Alar. 23. 4 Chatham Row. CINCINNATI — Market on comb honey is about cleaned up. No. 1 white selling in job- bing way at $3.65 per case, retail $4.00. Light amber extracted in barrels at 7c, in cans T^ic and 8c. White extracted in 60-pound cans 10c. Beeswax fair demand at $33 per hundred. Above are selling prices not what we are paying. C. II. W. WEBER & CO. Mar 22. TOLEDO. — Replying to your postal of l/18th, beg to advise that there is practically ■no change in quotations from our last. All grades of honey are quiet, and owing to cold weather, we do not look for any demand until the weather moderates. Beeswax is in fair demand and brings from 30 to 35c, depending on quality. Jan. 19th. S. J. GRIGGS & CO. KANSAS CITY, Mo.— Our market is clean- ing up fast on both comb and extracted honey. No change in prices. We quote: No. 1 white ■comb 24 sec. cases $3.25. No. 2 white comb 24 sec. cases $3. No. 1 amber comb 24 sec. cases $3. No. 2 amber comb 24 sec. cases $2.75. Extracted white per lb. SJ/^c to yc. Extracted amber per lb. 8c to Si/2C. Extracted dark per lb. 5^. Hollopeter, Pentz, Pa. Choice Italian Queens, delivery beginning April 15. Untested, 75 cts.; tested, $1.00. Ten years' experience in queen-rearing. Send your orders now. F. Hughes, Gillett, Ark. Queens. — Mott's strain of Italians and Car- niolans. Bees by pound, nuclei. 'I en-page list free. Plans for Introducing Queens. 15 cts.; How to Increase, 15 cts.; both, 25 cts. E. E. MoTT, Glenwood. Mich. For Sale. — Moore's strain and golden Italian queens, untested. $1.00; six, $5.00; twelve, $9. on. Carniolan, Banat, and Caucasian queens, select. $1.25; six. $6.00; twelve, $10.00. Tested, any kind, $1.50; six. $8.00. Choice breeders. $3,011. Circular free. W. H. Rails, Orange, Cal. For Sale — After May 15th, a few breeding queens of G. B. Howe stock, select mated to drones of a well built up comb honey strain of dark Italians, $5.00 each. Untested in June, $1.00 each, 0 for $5.00. D. G. Little, Hartley, Iowa. Queens and Nuclei. — A strain of Italians developed for honey-gathering ability. My en- tire time has been given to them for 12 years. W. D. Achord, Fitzpatrick, Bullock Co., Ala. Golden Italian Queens that produce golden bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each $1, six $5; tested $2. J. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, V^a. Quirin's famous improved Italian queens, nuclei, colonies, and bees by the pound, ready in May. Our stock is northern-bred and hardy; five yards wintered on summer stands in 1908 and 1909 without a single loss. For prices, send for circular. Quirin-the-Queen- Breeder, Bellevue, O. Golden Queens. — Very gentle, very hardy, and great surplus gatherers. Untested, five and six band, $1.00; select tested, $3.00; also nuclei and full colonies. Send for circular and price list to Geo. M. Steele, 30 S. lOth St., Philadelphia, Pa. Tested Italian Queens by return mail, $1.00 each. Queens reared last fall and just in their prime. Safe arrival and satisfaction guaran- teed. Send for price list. J. W. K. Shaw & Co., Loreauville, La. If you wish the best of untested three- banded Italian queens send us your orders — 75 cents each, $8.00 per dozen. Safe arrival and satisfaction. Xo order too small nor too large to receive our prompt attention. The Golden Rule Bee Co., Rt. 1, Box 103, River- side, Cal. Golden and 3-Banded Italians. — 'lested, $1 each. 3 <-.ueens $2.75; 6 or more, b5c each. I'ntested, 75c each; 3 queens, $2; 6 or more> (i5c each. Bees per pound, $1. Nuclei, per frame. $1.25. (No disease here.) C. B. Bankston, Buffalo, Texas. For Sale. — Early Italian (Frofalcon) Queens. February and March deliveries for untested, $1.50 each; April, $1.25; Tested Queens, 50 cents additional. Select tested, $1^00 extra. Breeders, prices upon application. Sweet Clo- ver and .'Mfalfa Seed. Send for prices. John C. Frohliger, Berkeley, Cal. 257-9 Market St., San Francisco. HONEV AND WAX. For Sale. — Amber and buckwheat honey in new CO-lb. tin cans. C. J. Baldriuge, Home- stead Farm, Kendaia, N. Y. Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey, and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 W. S. Water St., Chicago. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. Hiloreth & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. For Sale. — Water white and light-amber alfalfa and light-amber fall honey, put up in any size packages. First class. Dadant & Sons, Hamilton, 111. For Sale. — Clover, basswood, alfalfa, sage or light amber fall honey. First-class stock put up in any sized cans. Send for price list. M. V. Facey, Preston, Fillmore Co., Minn. MXSCEI.I.ANEOUS. For Sale. hives cheap. -New and second hand S frame Ehlers & Son, Carthage. Mo. For Sale. — Vogeler process comb founda- tion, 10 frame redwood hive bodies 25c each, and poultry supplies. J. Stansfield, Fruitvale, Calif. For Sale. — .\ full line of bee-keepers' sup- plies; also Italian bees and honey a specialty. Write for catalog and particulars. The Penn Co., Penn, Miss. (Successor to J. M. Jenkins.) THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 157 Will pay 20 cents each for February, 1904, April or June, I'JIO, numbers of the Bee- Keepers' Review. O. A. Kee.v, Topeka, Kans. In Florida. — Root supplies. Save transpor- tation. Free catalog. G. F. Stanton', Buck- ingham, Fla. For Sale. — New crop of alfalfa seed; 4 pounds by mail, prepaid, $1.10; 50 to 100 lbs., 14^ cts. per lb. Sacks, 25 cts. e.xtra. R. L. Snodgrass, Rt. 4, Augusta, Kansas. For Sale. — A brand-new Kenmore automo- bile, used only for demonstrating. Can be used for delivery or pleasure car. Will sell at a bar- gain. Louis Werner, Edwardsville, 111. For Sale — A. I. Root Supplies. Every- thing needed in the apiary. Send for cata- logue. Prices right. Sawyer & Hedden, Irv- ington, New Jersey. For Sale. — Empty second-hand 60-lb. cans, as good as new, two cans to a case, at 25 cts. per case. C. H. W. Weber & Co., Cincinnati, O. Penna. Bee Keepers: Having bought supply business of Geo. H. Rea, can furnish complete line of Roots goods. Full car just in; catalog free. Thos. H. Litz, Osceola Mills, Pa. Free. — Catalogue of Bee-keepers and Poul- try supplies, describing our goods. Also of Barred and White Plj-mouth and White Wyan- dotte chickens. Best of goods. Lowest price. Square treatment. Prompt shipment. H. S. DuBV, St. Anne, IlL POSITIONS AND HEIiP. Wanted. — Position with bee-keeper in South- ern California. Can give the best of referen- ces. C. B. Baxter. Nauvoo, 111. FOUIiTBV. Wanted. — Position by young man of good habits with a bee-keeper in the South Atlantic Coast States; has had experience in a small home apiary. Can give good reference as to character, reputation, etc. Marcus Eggers, Rt. 1, Eau Claire, Wis. Wanted. — Apiarist who has had experience, and who knows how to raise good queens cheap- ly; who can do anyw-ork with bees alone, yet follow instructions when given. Give refer- ence. State wages wanted first letter. H. C. Ahlers, West Bend, Wis. S.SAJ. ESTATE. For Sale. — 560 acres of land in Arkansas, in the rice belt. Half cash; balance, city property. T. J. Greenfield, Hickory Ridge, Ark. For Sale. — Old homestead farm of los acres; good buildings; best farm in the neigh- borhood; $40 per acre. H. S. Thompson, Franklin Forks. Pa. Fruit Lands, general store in English col- ony; apiary locations for sale, rent, or trade; bees, queens, honey, wax hives, and other sup- plies; fine opportunity for tropical bee-man with small capital; climate and lands finest in the world. Gather honey the year round. No land agent. I own all I offer. D. W. Millar, Bartle, Oriente, Cuba. Buff Orpingtons — S. C. Cook's birds di- rect. Great winter layers. 15 eggs $2.00. R. B. Chipman, Clifton Heights, Del. Co., Pa. Partridge Wyandottes. — Adapted to any climate; eggs and stock for sale. C. M. Myers, Winchester, Ind. Buttercupa and Houdans for large white eggs. Fine cockerels $3.00 and $5.00. RivERviEw Poultry Farm, Union City, Mich. For Sale. — Silver Spangled Hamburgs, Stock and Eggs. Eastman Kodak, takes pictures S]/i by 5^2; good as new. H. L. Bowers, Port Royal, Pa. R. F. D. 1. Indian Runner Ducks, dark fawn, hardy, great foragers, heavy layers, pure white eggs 15 for $1.00; 100, $5.00. Wm. Stumm, Edin- burg. 111. Pigeons! Pigeons! — Thousands in all leading varieties at lowest prices. Squab-breeding stock our specialty; 17 years' experience. Illustrated matter free. Providence Squab Co., Provi- dence, R. I. Prize-winning S. C. R. I. Reds, thorough- bred White Orpington, Barred Plymouth Rocks, Indian Runner ducks, fawn and white; white egg strain; eggs. Day old ducks. David M. ?l am mono, Woodside Poultry Yards, Rt. 5, Cortland, N. Y. I h.we the typical Indian Runner Ducks. They^ are the queen of all layers and as far as beauty the artist's brush has never surpassed. They stand pre-eminently of today. My foun- dation stock are from the original winners of the Jamestown Exposition. 13 pure white eggs $1.06; $7.00 per 100. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. This advertisement will be lived up to to the letter. Robt. Bird, Pinck- neyville. 111. ADVERTISED ARTICLES. The next time you go to the grocer, take a look around and note what articles j-ou buy. Win', it's t'ne ad- vertised ones, of course. You don't ask for "rolled oats." you name your brand. The same is true of almost everything 3x11 buy. The advertised article must have merit behind it. The day is past for the unknown goods. You buy froiii those who have confi- dence enough in their goods to adver- tise them. Just yesterday I received a letter from one who subscribed for the Review in order to get next to the queen-breeders who would advertise therein. Dealers, show your confidence in what you handle by advertising it. 158 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Paint Without Oil Remarkable Discovery That Cuts Down the Cost of Paint Seventy- Five Per Cent. A Free Trial Packase is Maileil to Everyone T»ho AVrites. A. L. Rice, a prominent manufacturer of Adams, N. Y., has discovered a pro- cess of making a new kind of paint without the use of oil. He calls it Powderpaint. It comes in the form of a dry powder and all that is required is cold water to make a paint weather proof, fire proof and as durable as oil paint. It adheres to any surface wood, stone or brick, spreads and looks like oil paint and costs about one-fourth as much. "Write to Mr. A. L. Rice. Manuf'r., 303 North St., Adams, N. Y., and he will send yo"u a free trial package, also color card and full information show- ing you how^ you can save a good many dollars. Write today. PORTER BEE ESCAPE WILLING to try my plan and increase your profits on tJie sale of honey? Sold my 1911 crop for 2.5c per section. I'll send complete sample for 25c (coin) for post- age and packing — You'll lose money if you don't. I am willing to help you. .<'. S. sHAFEJt, Dent H. • 311 ^ ft.. So. Oinalin, >>b Why Not Have a Good Light? Here It Is! i right, Powerful. Economical, Odorless, Smokeless. Every one guaranteed. The Lamp to READ, WRITE and WORK by. Indis- pensable in your home. If your de.'iler hasn't got them, send his name and address and your name and address and we will mail as manv as you want at 25c each. -AGENTS WANTED EVERY- "tHe' STEEL MANTLE LIGHT CO. .<■: Iliiriin St., Toledo, O. *I*I'\ \ W:^ THE CHARMS OF OUR SUMMER SEAS Spend your vacation on the G reat Lakes, the most economical and enjoyable outing in America. WHERE YOU CAN GO Daily service is operated between Detroit and Cleveland, Detroit and Buffalo; four trips weekly between Toledo. Detroit, Mackinac Island and way ports; daily service between Toledo, Cleveland and Put-in-Bay. During July and August, two boats out of Cleveland and Detroit, every Saturday and Sunday night. A Cleveland to Mackinac special steamer will be operated two trips weekly from June 1.5th to September 10th, stopping only at Detroit every trip and Goderich, Ont., every other trip. Railroad Tickets Available on Steamers. Special Day Trips Between Detroit and Cleveland, During July and August. Send 2 cent stamp for Illustrated Pamphlet and Great Lakes Map. Address: L. G. Lewis, G. P. A., Detroit, Mich. Philip H. McMillan, Pres. A. A. Schantz, Gen'l Mgr. Detroit and Cleveland Navigation Company EVERY BEE-KEEPER TO INVESTIGATE- WANTED The Boyum Foundation Fastener I'atented Aug. 1st, 1911. MERITS AND CLAIMS. — Takes four sections at one time, while in section holder or not. Can put in corner starters. Can put in top and bottom starters, or corner starters at the same operation. Fasten the starters by "soldering" them to the wood. No handling of the sections separately. Simple, easy and handy to operate. Does better and faster work. Never too warm for the starters. No fastening to table, wall or floor. No treadJe. No levers. No smoky blade. No dripping of wax on lamp, table, floor or cloth- ing. Saves time and work. Insures better built combs. It is strictly up-to-date. Price complete with lamp (25c burner) $1.30. Without lamp, S-Oc. Sizes other than 4x5 and 4 '4 square, 20c extra. State for wdiat style sections wanted. Remit by Money Order. Manufactured by THE BOYUM APIAKIE3 CO., RU3HFOKD, MINN., U. S. A. Established in 1878 Italian Caiionsiaii I will sell a limited number of one, two and three-frame nuclei this coming season. "The best bees on earth," broad statement but never- theless true. 100% wintered. By the way, I am breeding queens in Houston Heights, Texas, as well as here in Michigan. All apiaries isol- ated. Prices right, and sent free. n<>.v >. Erip St., near ;>Ionr»e MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best young basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. 166 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW A MONTHLY JOURNAL DEVOTEDTOTHE INTERESTS OF HONEY PRODUCERS 33ubUBl|fb bg Hije National iSpf -iKprppra* AaBoriatton E. B. TYRRELL. MANAGING EDITOR Office OF Pu BLicATioN - - - 230 \A/oodlan d Aven u e VOL. XXV. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, MAY 1, 1912. No. 5. A Summer Revel With the Honey Makers. W. Z. HUTCHINSON. '^^^ IVING in a city, and editing- a monthly magazine, it is a Tl rare treat each summer to hie me away to Northern Mich- igan, to the home of the huckleberry and the speckled trout, where the wild deer drinks deep from little sparkling- lakes with white, pebbly beaches, where forests of magnificent beech and maple stretch away for miles unbroken, where still lingers some of nature's wildness, and in this delightful region revel in the harvesting of some of nature's most delicious product — a crop of honey. As the lumbermen cut away the grand old forests, the wild, red raspl)erries spring" up in myriads, the blossoms of which furnish bee pasturage that is simply incomparable. The honey is thick and heavy, white in color, and has a delicious flavor all its own — a flavor that smacks of the wild, red raspberry of the woods — and in this region lives a brother who manages five apiaries, devoting his whole time to the business, and it is in August, when he is extracting his honey, that I make my annual visit. To reach my destination the same day, I must start at five o'clock in the morning. There is an old mother and an invalid daughter to care for at home, hence my wife and I can't take our vacations together, but she takes special pains to get me an appetiz- ing little breakfast — sends me oft" with a full stomach, a pat on the back, and a loving kiss on my lips. Simply a ride of a few hours by rail, is a decided vacation for me. The motion has a soothing effect, and. above all, there is a chance to visit zi'itJi 7)iyself. I can sit by the window and let my 168 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW mind wander at its own sweet will — think of what it pleases — it is no longer in the harness. A little past noon I reach the end of my railroad journey, and how good it looks to see Elmer, wnth the horse and red wagon, waiting for me. There are hotels and livery stables in town, but anybody can patronize them — we have a better plan. A mile out on our road, we know of a little spring brook that goes babbling through a grove by the roadside; and here, to the accompaniment of the horse grinding his hay and oats at the w^agon box, we turn our attention to the contents of the dinner pail, while Elmer tells me the news ; that the hives of honey are "piled up as high as your shoulder." W'hy is it that such common things as bread and but- ter, dried beef and pickles, have such a flavor when the consumer has his back against a tree in the woods? After driving out two or three miles we come up over a ridge that allows us to look over the valley in which flows the Manistee river. How blue the distant hills look across on the other side; and there always comes to me the feeling that over there is the "promised land." Perhaps this feeling comes from the fact that over among those wooded hills nestle the a})iaries. The next day the wagon is loaded with tools, bedding and pro- visions, and we drive away to one of the apiaries. A part of the way our course lies along the high banks of the Manistee, the most famous trout stream in the world, then we drive along old, grass- grown lumber roads that wind hither and thither, and are banked on either side with the vines of wild berries, or canopied over with the branches of trees. Occasionally we hear the distant tinkle of some settler's cow bell, the song of wild birds greets the ear, there is a "woodsy" odor in the air, and the feeling of freedom and buoy- ancy becomes so strong as to break out occasionally in snatches of song. When removing the honey we live in the honey house and keep bachelor's hall. Let me describe our breakfasts: Boiled potatoes, not common potatoes, but such as grow only in the virgin sand of Northern Michigan, crisp and mealy, bread and butter, coffee, and great, big dishes of wild blackberries covered with cream obtained of a nearby settler. Work in the apiary has for me a peculiar fascination : To stand out among the hives at midday, and watch the bees as they leave their hives with quick, upward sweeps, and return so heavily laden that many fall short of the entrance, rest a moment, and then crawl wearily in ; to find each breath actually redolent with the aroma of newly gathered nectar; to look up and see clearly outlined against the blue sky, an intricate, mazy network of dark, circling lines drawn by the busy workers as they eagerly go and come ; to listen THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 169 An Apiary in the Wild Raspberry Regions of Northern Michigan. (Photo by li: Z. Hutchinson) to the music from the myriads of tiny wings ; to thus stand, and gaze, and listen, is to have come stealing over me a raptui-ous feel- ing of enthusiastic admiration. The first night that I stayed at the apiary, after my companion was asleep, I crept to the window, pushed it softly open, leaned my elbow upon the window-sill, and. for a long time, looked out upon the little city of white hives bathed in a flood of moonlight. The stars g'littered overhead, myriads of fire flies twinkled over the low lands along by the brook, and away in the distance could be heard the weird, lonely call of the whip-poor-will. These are all common things, and yet, they filled my soul with thoughts that are beyond expression. A week slipped by like a glimpse into paradise, and then, one morning, I enjoyed the best part of my vacation — with cool brain and steady nerves I again gathered up the tangled threads of busi- ness at the office. Flint, 'Mich. (I offer no apologj' for printing the above article. It doesn't tell you much about bee-keeping, but it does tell you a whole lot about a much more serious problem, the problem of life. The late Mr. Hutchinson did not profess Chris- 170 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW tianity; I believe did not belong to a church; but if you can read the above article and did not feel a spirit of reverence shining through the whole of it, you can do better than I can. The article tells a story. Here was a man who could find his pleasures and inspirations in the little brook, the unbroken forest; each had a message of love and comfort for him. Picture the view he describes seeing from that open win- dow. How many of us, looking out of that same window, would have seen what he did? For one year I have been saving this article. It is the only one I have from Mr. Hutchinson. I am publishing it now as a fitting remembrance of the man who founded the Review, and whose last number was the May number for 1911 — just one year ago. Surely the bee-keepers lost much in the death of Mr. W. Z. Hutchinson, May 31st, 1911. The care of the old mother and the invalid daughter now falls on the widow, Mrs. W. Z. Hutchinson, who still resides at Flint, Michigan. Bravely she is doing her duty as she sees it, and I hope she will pardon me for telling you that the road at times is dark indeed. How much the bee-keepers owe to Mrs. Hutchinson for her part in Mr. Hutchinson's work you will never know, but I assure you it was no sm.all part that she did. I wish many ot 3-ou might write her a letter of good cheer when you read this, but don't ask her to answer it, as it would be a severe task on her time. I assure you she would appreciate it.) How Bee-Keepers in Switzerland Mark Their Queens. STEPHEN ANTHONY. ^^^ O the Editor of the Bee-Kei-lpkrs' Rrniew : — Re-marking queens \^j with paint. On page 317 of your journal you raise a ques- tion as to paint for queens' backs for the purpose of easier finding -them. Once more, "there is nothing new under the sun." The Swiss bee-keepers have been using such paint for the last eleven years, and right here before I start I must acknowledge my indebted- ness to Dr. Kramer's book. "Rassenzucht fiir Schweizer Imker." obtainable from Paul A\'aetzel. Freilnirg im Baden, Germany; price 50 cts. The name of the publisher in Gleanings is wrongly spelt. The marking was adopted by the queen-breeders principally for the purpose of preserving the purity of the Swiss race of brown queens and is practically continued for that purpose only. Of course, the bright mark on the back materially helps finding the queen even in a populous colony. And the occasion for adopting the mark was this: Often a queen sent by the breeder and introduced by the pur- chaser is lost in the introduction or in the first examination ; and if the queen raised by the bees does not do good work, complaints are raised against the breeder. The adoption of the mark has made all these sort of troubles a thing of the past. However, there are no unmixed blessings in this world, and so the mark also has a very serious drawback, because the process of putting it on, and probably also the mark itself, excites the queen THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 171 and the bees, too. and that might easily happen at a critical time, as many a beginner mad on marking has found it out to his cost. So the beginner is advised to use the mark only for the purpose of distinguishing' voung queens that have proved themselves g'ood for some time and are to be left with their OAvn children, from whom, of course, no danger for them is to be apprehended — say at an autumn or spring examination, as he may come across them quite unexpectedly. A queen just hatched or a virgin being introduced into a mating box or one just mated, or a queen introduced any- where, he is earnestly warned not to touch. And in general it is advised not to chase after young queens or queens lately introduced just to satisfy childish curiosity. A breeder of experience, of course, owing to his greater skill and knowledge, may do in the interests cf the Imriness all these things and others also that a novice is warned to leave alone. KIND or PAINT USED. The paint used is a Cjuick drying varnish — white, yellow, red and blue, obtainable in Switzerland from bee-keepers in a large way, queen-breeders and supply dealers. But a good usable paint for the purpose may easily be made by any one at home thus. The great trouble is to keep it. Obtain, if, for instance, you want yellow paints, just the smallest possible quantitv of chrome yellow from a painter. Rub it up well with spirit varnish to a smooth, thick con- sistency, and when ready add to it as much sulphurous ether as will make it flow pretty easily. Cork it up quickly and secure the cork well, for it must not evaporate. Always shake up well before using. A net made of wide-meshed tulle is also required to hold the queen without hurting her while she is being painted. The rim of the net is a convenient ring cut out of cardboard to which the tulle is fastened by wax. by sewing on or by pins. A sharp pointed wooden chip like the usual wooden toothpicks makes the best of brushes. HOW TO APPLY THE PAINT. The modus operandi is simple, the greatest difficulty being to find out how little paint on the end of the stick will do. The best way to get the paint ready for business and to get just the right quantity on the end of the stick is just this: Have your paint just right ; not too thick or it will not stick, nor too thin or it will run and smear, but just right! Then before using shake it up well with your stick right down to the bottom. AMpe the stick clean. Then after dipping it into the bottle touch the table with the paint and let a drop run ofT. AMiat is left is just right. Touch the queen with it quickly, but do not let just a drop or lump stay on her back. It 172 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW must be gently si)read over her l)ack-])late, so as to liecome, as it were, part and parcel of her back plate itself, llien up with the net quickly or the queen in moving- about might wipe the paint olT, or smear it. Easy — is it not? Just the same, a beginner is most earnestly advised to practice on common bees first merelv to find out how little paint will do. RETURNING THE QUEEN TO THE HIVE. After the operation it is best to put the cpieen into a circular introducing cage where she may trot about while the paint is dry- ing. She must not get cold, and to prevent that she may be put into a mating — or a nucleus box — the open end of the cage having been first stopped up with good candy. To paint a queen running about free is not advised; it is so easy to smear her face and eyes or her wings. But a queen may be painted on a brood comb if found (mi one. Fix three long pins for legs into the rim of the net ; thus put it over the queen and mark her as descriljed. But when you come to lift the net do not take it ofif altogether until the queen walks out from under it herself, then sprinkle the whole comb with a fine spray. Sprinkle it well. Waitete, Amodeo Bay, Auckland, Xew Zealand. (To the subscribers who have followed the recent writings on marking queens, this article from first hands will be read with interest. It not only gives the advantages of the marking system but points out the dangers as well. It is a splendid addition to what has already been said. ) A Punch for Piercing End-Bars. E. F. ATWATER. '^'^^\ FEiW years ago, Mr. llutchinson illustrated a punch which ^,.^^\ he used to punch at once the four holes in each frame end- bar. No doubt this machine was quite satisfactory with good soft- pine but after trial of a similar tho improved machine, with our pine, which is often quite hard and grainy, we found several dififictilties. Some end-bars would split, while a diagonal grain in others would bend the awls, as well as getting the holes out of alignment. Then there was often a burr-edge left on one side of each hole, making the insertion of the wire difficult or impossible. As we have an engine to run our extractor, it seems the logical thing to use it for as much t)ther work as possible, so we built the machine shown in the cut. \\'e use only three wires in standard frames, so we had three spindles turned as shown, with pulleys key- seated on one end of each, while in each opposite end a hole was drilled to take a ^-inch "Yankee" 1)it, secured with a set-screw. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 173 The divided boxes are of hard-wood, babbetted, and the sliding table has a gauge on which two end-bars are placed. The machine is used in a horizontal posi- tion. This sliding table with gauge and two end-bars in position, is shown in cut. The end- bars are marked AA. Table with two end bars is pushed up against the drills and the three holes are bored in both end-bars as quickly as the hand can move. But a few hours are required to bore thousands of e n d- bars, and the holes are uniform and clean, as thev should be. In our next ar- ticle, we will illustrate and describe our method of wiring, real practical wiring gauge, that does really save time an in better work. ^Meridian, Idaho. E. F. Atwater Uses This Punch for Piercing End Bars. , with a d result Decoy Hives — A New Use for Old and Spoiled Sections. DR. A. F. BONNEY. '^Jl i^AViING occasion to use a consideral^le nuniber of decoy ^ 1^ hives, and finding the transferring of captured swarms a sometimes prolonged task, I cast about for some way to overcome the difficulty, the result of which was a decoy-hive made to take my regular brood frame, or two of them, in some cases. 174 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW Those having Danz frames will have to put ^^-incli blocks in each end of the box to keep the frames from getting out of place, but 'for the Langstrath, or Hoffman frame, blocks in one end will be all that are need- ed, but short rab- bets must be cut in the front inside edge of both ends to let the end of the top- bars go in, when the cover being put on the frame will be held securely. The great advantage of this style of de- coy-hive is that to hive a colony cap- tured all one has to do is take out the frame with bees and brood, put it into the hive v\ath the rest of the frames, replace an e m p t y frame in the decoy hive, and the job is done. Running out of convenient frames last spring, and hav- ing a few spoiled sections, I set a cou- ple of section hold- ers in the decoy hive I had, wedged the sections in and put it out, later on fixing a few more the same way. I caught one swarm, found it when there was sealed brood in it, cut out the brood and transferred to a hive, and feel now like advising others to use their old sections in this way. I, at this writing, have 100 decoy hives made, shall construct a few more for this season's use, and may have a story to write about it this fall. I have made arrangements with some of my farmer friends to take out each a few decoy-hives, put them up into trees about the farm, and for each swarm brought in I am to give five pounds of honey. This is a mutually advantageous arrangement. The rest Just a Little Box; A Few Sections, and Dr. Bonney Catches the Run-Away Swarm. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 175 of the hives I have our dravman put up and takes down, as my days for climbing trees are about past. Instead of giving exact measurements for a decoy-hive, I will just say: make it of any kind of an old store box, let it be a little longer and deeper, inside, than the length and width of the frame you use, and allow two to three inches on each side of the frame, or you may use more than one frame. A person can fasten together two or more spoiled sections and put them into the top end of any size box, or they can put a box full of sections up, allowing bee ways of course. Use a little ingenuity, and any kind of a combin- ation can be profitably made. The attached drawing shows the hive with sections in place, also the cover with its little sliding door which is held open or shut with a crate staple. I fasten on the covers of my decoy hives with screws, nails or crate staples, whichever comes handiest. Buck Grove, Iowa. (Here is a suggestion to the reader who is just starting in bees, and who is anxious to get more bees than his pocket-book will warrant. Just how successful you will be with this method depends largely on how many stray swarms there are flying around. I should look for better success where there are more farmer Ijee-keepers than specialists, as they are not apt to have the swarming problem so well under control. It won't cost much to try a few deco\- hives this 3-ear and see what success you have.) Transferring From Box Hives. Does It Pay? HARRY LATHROP. '^^2V ^rONG the questions propounded in the Review is the one ^-^^. asking for the best method of transferring from box hives. The simplest and best method is that of getting the queen and most of the bees out of the box, by drumming or other- wise, and then to place the box over a queen excluder until the brood has hatched, when the box can be broken up and the coml)S made into wax. But why transfer a box hive, seeing that it is good property and will pay a better income from the investment than most any- thing you can buy? Did you know that a big tall box hive that you may buy of a farmer who never saw a queen in his life, will winter better and throw off a larger swarm than the best of our movable frame hives? Our hives are made for manipulation, but when it comes to wintering and breeding up in the spring for the early honey flow, they are not in it with the old-fashioned box hive. So I say if you are in a locality where there is no foul brood to bother, keep the box hives and I will tell you how I work them. ADVANTAGES OF A BOX KIVE. The box hive, if it is the right size and shape, will have an ideal brood nest which the bees have fixed to suit tliemselves. It 176 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW will be most sure also to have plenty of stores in just the right posi- tion for the use of the bees in winter, and for rapid building up in the spring. \Vhen the time for expansion comes, which may be in fruit bloom, pry off the top of the box and o\'er it place a brood chamber of nice worker combs containing some honey. It will not be long until the queen will work up and establish a brood nest above. Xow watch until, on a day just about when the main honey flow is ready to open, you look in and find the queen above. Set the upper hive oft' on to the stand and remove the box to one side, cover it with a sheet or carpet the first day until you have all the field workers into the new hive with the queen. As the box will have only a few young bees you can smoke in a young queen on the evening of the day that the division is made. Then remove them to a new stand and work them for extracted honey. They will make a fair crop of surplus if the season is a good one and will be ready to go into winter in good condition and the same process can be gone through the next year. The colony on the old stand should give you a big surplus. If you got the box hive for a dollar and a half, as I have done sometimes, I think you will conclude that there are worse investments (including mining stock). I just wish I had one hundred of those tall ones, about 14 inches square inside, and 20 inches deep. It makes little difference what the stock is, they will get the crops any way, but you can Italianize by running in young queens or giving ripe cells to the box part at the time of division. In this way you can soon have any strain you desire in the boxes. In a sheltered apiary and the boxes wrapped with black paper, there should be no winter loss in these hives. I have purchased these box hive colonies in the fall at $1.50 each, wintered without loss and the honey and increase for the first season was worth $10.00 per colony, and I had the original number of box hives left. If foul brood gets in you would probably be obliged to break them up and get rid of them entirely. Bridgeport, A\'is. (Another way would be to pile on extracting supers, with drawn combs, let the queen occupy as many of those combs as she desired, run them for extracted honey, and then after the flow make a colony of the bees and brood which is in the extracting com1)s, adding to this colony all the bees which may hatch from the original box as fast as hatched for three weeks. You now have your colony in a frame hive and have secured a honey crop. The old hive of course is destroyed, and the combs made into wax.) My Experience in Producing Bulk Comb. S. F. MILLER. ^^^K BOUT twent}'-live years ago, I made the assertion at a -^"X Wabash county bee-keepers' convention that if we could succeed in producing bulk comb honey and sell it for ten cents per pound at a profit, we might succeed in the bee business. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 177 (In those days honey sold at low prices.) But as for our trying to produce section honey in our part of the country, we cannot do it; our honey seasons are too short. In those days our big clover fields produced an abundance of nectar, which stimulated the bees to go wild on swarming; we called it the "crazy swarming fever." There was no way to control the swarming to any extent, except to work the bees for extracted or bulk comb honey. In those days the extracted honey sold at too low a price for any profit, when we could produce the bulk comb just as cheap as the extracted. The bulk comb sold for 10 cents, extracted GjA cents, section 11 and l'2}/2 cents. In later years, to control swarming more thoroughlv. I used vents, slatted dummies, about one or two in a brood chamber (10 frame hive) and to very good success. This, however, required more ^vork than I liked, and so about eight years ago I made an- other great change. DISCASDS QUEEir EXCIiUDEBS, THICK TOP BABS, ETC. On account of the clover fields going on the decline in nectar producing, I discarded entirely all queen excluders, vents, dummies, following boards, thick top bars in brood chambers and honey- boards. As to the section cases, I piled out all separators and fences ; in fact, I "let down the bars," took out all the bar-rails and threw them away. In tiering up for surplus honey, the surplus cases should be put on quite a while before the bees are making preparation for swarm- ing or before the honey flow. First put on the second story, the same as though you were going to work them for extracted honey. Now you put three empty combs against one side for extracting, next insert six empty frames with good three-quarter inch starters of light brood foundation. This is nine combs for a ten-frame hive. Now space them as nearly exact as you can, put on \'Our canvas or oilcloth and place your lid over all. Pile on a couple of bricks or stones to hold everything solid. FBOSirCES SECTION HONE7 A1.SO. When the upper story is about two-thirds filled up, and you think the honey flow is going to continue, put on your section case, on top of the second story. If the honey season continues, put on another one. A\'hen they get the upper story filled, the swarming is altogether likely controlled and they go ahead in the sections. In an eight-frame hive you use three empty combs and four empty frames with starters. It is plainly to be seen that if you have left out the honey boards and queen excluders and thick top-bars there is nothing to 178 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW prevent the bees from clustering- from the bottom of the brood cham- ber to the top of the second story. This gives them the double advantage of holding the heat of a cool night and of being ready for their work next morning, instead of receding into the brood chamber and crowding and clogging it, while their work above is getting cold, as is often the case when, in working for section honey the bees are divided up, a small handful to a section, which is the cause of their receding to the brood chamber of a cool night. This is the condition in our part of the country. If I lived in a section of country where there is a longer-continued flow of honey, I would work for section honey. The purpose of the three empty combs in the second story is to get the bees started up, and they fill those empty combs, and then go right ahead with their work of filling the empty frames with the finest of well matured comb honey. I sometimes think the bees fill the empty frames about as quickly as they do the empty combs. Sometimes I put on a third story for bulk comb. BUIiK COMB FAYS. Some one asks whether bulk honey sells on the market. I should say it does sell. We sell bulk at I23/2 cents, extracted 10 cents, section 15 cents. We sell the greater part of our honey right at home. Farmers come for the bulk, from all over the countr}^ with dish-pans, jars, buckets and lard-cans with lids. The last named is the kind of vessel that I ship bulk comb honey in. I cut out the L frames, set the big slabs on end in the big cans, and when they are filled I ship them by freight with perfect safety. I fill mail orders from the cities. I take what we call the odds and ends, that is, combs that are not filled out square and nice, very tender combs, combs that are not capped well on one side, broken combs and bulged and half filled sections, — these T take and cut up in fine shape and place them on No. 5 oval wooden dishes, two pounds to the dish. (I first lay a small square of oil wrapping paper in the dish before laying in the honey, — this keeps the dish from leaking). These dishes go out by the hundreds. We have them on hand constantly for the home retail trade, lliey are most handy for the grocers, for all they have to do is to wrap them up and hand them out to the customer. I wrap these dishes of honey carefully, pack them in boxes and barrels and ship tjiem wherever I wish. You see they are always ready weighed out. Now the waste from those odds and ends, we throw into the dump, a tub for that purpose. AA^ith a heavy stamper I mash them fine, then throw them into the colanders, together with the cap- pings from the extracting combs, to drain. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 179 It is a neat job to shape up the hundreds of pounds of odds and ends into the 2-pound wooden dishes, so that they will show ofif in fine shape. They are even more delicious looking than the sections. It's a trade. Sliced comb looks tempting. Of course the price has something to do with the selling. One point more : Should there be any brood in the lower edge of the bulk combs or in the combs for extracting, these frames should not be lifted from the hive, l^ut spaced to one side until the brood has emerged. North Manchester, Ind. (We should like Friend Miller to tell us, at some future time, just when he sells this bulk comb honey, and whether he has any trouble with it candying. That seems to be the big objection to bulk comb in the North. The plan out- lined by Mr. Miller looks practical to me, if that question of candying does not interfere.) Queen Breeding. J. C. FRANK. ' ^i^ OSSIBLY the highest attainment of a successful bee-keeper, X I in this day and age, is the skill in breeding a higher grade 9^ of queens for his apiaries. Honey production and rearing queens are to a certain extent antagonistic to each other in practice. The producer of honey must build up his colonies to the greatest strength possible; while the breeder of queens is continually and unavoidably depleting his colonies and keeping them reduced in strength. Hence the queen breeder is liable to have, on hand in the fall, a lot of weak fragments of colonies that will have to be doubled up and fed, at a great expense, if he wishes to take them through the winter. Here the question comes up, which is the most profitable, pro- ducing honey or rearing queens? This depends upon the extent of pasturage, location and market. If the bee-keeper is in a fair loca- tion for honey, he had better sell his honey at ten cents per pound rather than rear queens for the market at one dollar each ; for the care, attention, labor and expense attending the production of first- class queens, are very great indeed. As the queen is the prime factor of a colony, it is essential that she should possess all the requirements for successfully performing her especial functions. If we desire to improve the qualities of our bees we must commence with the improvement of the queens. BOOM FOB IMFBOVEMENT IN BEES. That there is room for the improvement of the honey bee, I think can hardly be questioned. A\'e know that both plants and an- imals have been improved upon in the last twenty-five years, and 180 THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW why should bees be an exception to this natural law? Our de- licious and wholesome apple of the present day was originally the sour, miserable Siberian crab; our sweet and juicy peach was from a bitter fruit of Asia; our improved Irish potato sprang from an in- significant tuber of South America. Our improved breeds of horses, cattle, hogs, poultry and in fact all of our plants and animals, have been brought up to their present state of perfection by intelligently and carefullv breeding up from the wild originals. How far this improvement can be carried with the bees is difificult to deter- mine, as the organs of reproduction in the queen as well as her fertilization are, I may say, anomalous, so unlike the breeding of our domestic animals that the queen breeder Avill always have a lot of difficulties to contend with. In breeding queens of any variety of bees there is a tendency to sport and run back towards the original, especially is this true in the yellow varieties. For this reason it is important to select breeding queens that possess a strong individuality, and capability of stamp- ing their characteristics upon their progeny. This information can- not be had by the mere appearance of the queen, but by practically testing her queen and worker progeny. DRONES SHOUI.D BE SEI.X:CTi:i». It is very important to select the most desirable drones for the purpose of fertilization. Drones should be reared with as much care and attention as our queens, and during the breeding season see to it that your apiaries literally swarm with drones from the choicest breeders. Drones from a vicious and irascible colony may corrupt the worker progeny of the majority of the young queens in an apiary. All impure and objectionable drones should be disposed of by frequently examining the colonies and shax'ing ofT the heads of the young drones in the cells; by cutting out the drone comb and inserting worker comb in its place, and by the use of drone traps. For this object I know of nothing better than Allen's queen and drone trap. The highest type of a queen can only be obtained when all the conditions for her development are the most favorable. These con- ditions we can learn by observing a colony the evening before swarming. The hive is crowded with young bees, the temperature is maintained at a uniform heat ; honey and pollen are plentiful, and the entire colony is infused with life and intensity of purpose to perpetuate the race. Hence it would be but natural for them to put forth their best energies in the development of the future queen that is to lay the eggs to produce the population of the colony. Therefore, the breeder should study the economy and condition of the bees at swarming time, and endeavor to keep his breeding col- onies in approximate conditions. THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 181 THi: BEST QUEENS COME TROM THE BEST CEI.I.S. Queen cells built in full colonies are generally fine and well formed, and the queens correspondingly fine. This is as they should be under the most favorable conditions of full colonies. If the cells are examined they will usually be found to be long, rough, with indentations on their surface ; and the amount of royal jelly depos- ited around the embryonic queen to be very abundant. In some cells it is in excess of consumption, and a large quantity is left after the young queen has emerged from the cell. \Mien a colony is deprived of its queen they instinctively go to work, as soon as the excitement attending the loss subsides, to rear another. They are ready to do the work; but in order to get the best results, we must supply them with all the requisites and es- sentials. The egg of the queen is analogous to the eggs of fowls and birds. It has its delicate coverings, albumen and yolk ; and when the little germ within develops and bursts the shell, it emerges a tiny worm or grub, scarcely discernible with the naked eyes. This is now the perfect age of the larvae for the bees to develop into a queen. Always select the larvas as young as possible, but never over two days old. At three days old it produces poor and puny queens, and after the larvse gets four days old it is entirely worth- less for breeding purposes. It has been demonstrated time and time again, that the royal jelly is most abundantly elaborated by young bees, and for this o'bject they must be fully supplied with both honey and pollen. The temperature of the hive must be high enough not to chill the larvre. In order to get the larvse of the right age you must insert a frame of nice, clean worker comb in the center of the brood nest of your hive that contains your breeding queen, and if this colony is strong and the queen prolific — a condition in which it should be kept — the comb may be filled with eggs by the next day ; but if the comb is not clean and has been out of the hive for some time, the queen will refuse to lay in it until the bees clean and polish the cells. They frequently fill the cells of such comb with honey, rather than have eggs deposited in it. Queen breeding is not queen rearing; therefore I shall not take up your time by describing the new or old methods of queen rear- ing. This work is not perfect or complete. It is merely a starting point in the right direction. Dodge City, Kansas. 182 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Improving Your Bees While Producing Honey. GEO. B. HOWE. (Continued from April number.) What would other breeders think of our inditterence in selecting our males? This part of the bee breeding has been sadly neglected for years. Would a breeder of fast horses select a draft horse for a sire, or would a breeder of a great milking strain of cows select a sire of a beef type of cattle to use? I am just as sure that we iiiusf select our drones of a honey gathering strain, as the breeder of fast horses selects the sire from a true racing strain. So does the breeder select his males from the greatest milking strains of cattle. And you will find that he takes as much pains and more in selecting the male than he does the females. The drone is the son of liis mother, and has no father direct. So we must select our drone mothers a year in^ advance, as the drone mother must have all the qualifications of our queen mothers as regards to honey gathering, and besides her drones must be perfect. fi h^ ^ .iitr^ .VjSii.: Sixty C the Cooper Yard, Working for Howe. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 183 Forty Colonies in Emonds Yard Working for Howe. I have found that there is quite a variation in size, color, and their wings are often imperfect. Look well to their wings, and never use a queen that throws small workers or small drones. The cell has no influence with these queens, they are simply runt bees and will give you the same variation with perfect worker and drone cells. Do not use such a quee}i as a breeder. It is in the queen. INFIiUENCZ: THE SIZE OF CEI.!. HAS OIT BEES. Speaking" of the size of cell, I mean that certain queens produce large bees, drones and workers. Other queens produce small bees, a noticeable difference in size. Some claim that by using larger cells we would get larger bees. Xow take the colony that produces the largest bees, shake all the bees olt the combs and give or ex- change them with the colony that has the smallest bees. If you have some of those little black bees all the better. Shake all the bees off and exchange their combs. Now in six wrecks see the re- sults. You have the large bees where the combs of the small bees were, and the small bees hatched out of the same combs where the large bees were. It is in the race or strain and not in the combs. We all know that drones that hatch out of w^orker cells are runts or very inferior drones. So to get good drones we must let the bees build perfect drone combs, not use sagged or stretched foundation combs, for you would not get perfect males, from such cells. 184 THE BEE-KEEPERo REVIEW In selecting my drones I put more stress on the way they leave the hive. It is just a streak is all that you can see; you could not set any color or hardly know it was a drone. This shows you per- fect wings and vigor as you can tell in no other way. Note the difference in the flight of your drones, and see how lazy some leave the hive. Now, don't jump to conclusions. A drone has to be at least ten days old or more before he will pay any attention to queens. So be sure you know that they are mature drones before you judge too hastily. ru&insHZNa sbone comb to conttroii tbe sbone fbodttction. After you select your drone mothers give them a plenty of drone comb near the center of the brood nest, and be sure to feed these colonies so there will be no let up on drone rearing. Bees will raise drones so keep a comb in every hive with 3x4 inches of drone comb. This satisfies them. You can keep it at one side of the hive and every twenty days pull out that comb and with an uncapping knife shave their heads oft". This is a short job and surely gets rid of all undesirable drones or the most of them. ,. Now these very best queens for honey, as I said before, are often poor queen mothers. Some of them are the very best drone mothers that you can get, so keep them as long as you can for that purpose. QUJSEN BEABING OB BAISHTG TaE VEBT BEST QTTBBN. In the first place the most of the literature on queen rearing says that a larvae two days old is just as good for a queen as the tgg. or even older than that some claim would do no liann. The late Henrv Alley always claimed that the best way was to cut the comb in strips and kill every other egg and we would get nice large queens every tinie, other things being equal. Had Air. Alley explained why, it would have saved me several years' testing out different methods to kiwzv zvhy. Dr. Phillips told me that a queen transferred when a larvae was just as good, if done properly. I would like to ask any one did you ever know a colony in a normal condition to use anything to rear a queen from but an eggt Not taking a larvae two or three days old, as they nnll do, if we take the queen azvay. After testing queens reared from larvre two days old, I found that she was good for one year, but not as good the second season and would be superseded sure the third season and some times the fall of the second season. The queens from larvae three days old were short-lived; would be superseded the second and sometimes the first season. {Coniiniud in June Xnnibcr) THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 185 Published Monthly E. B. TYRRELL. Managing Editor. Office — 230 AVoodland Ave., Detroit, Miciiigan. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post office at Detroit. Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1S79. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Ha- waiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. DLscontinuanoes — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. Advertising' rates on application. EDITORIAL It is the man, not the business, that succeeds. — W. Z. H. If the world doesn't suit vou it is ten to one that you don't suit the world.— W. Z. H. ' Talk, attempts to do something, are all well enough in their wav. but it is the man that docs tilings that we all admire. — A^^ Z. H. Old subscribers will be pleased to read a few editorials in this number signed "^^^ Z. 11." These were selected by one of the subscribers and sent to me some time ago. They are taken from old numbers of the Rfa-ii-:\v. That Grading Rules Discussion. Owing to the contril)uted articles and the amount of editorial matter made necessary by the recent change in management of the Review, the discussion on grading rules wnll have to lay over until the next issue. I regret this, as I am sure you would like to have its continuance without interruption. Sweet Clover. Bulletin Xo. 48.5. with the above title, written l\v J. M. West- gate and H. X. Vinall of the Bureau of Plant Industry, and pub- lished by the United States Government, can be obtained by writing the Secretary of Agriculture, ^^'ashington, D. C. When writing, if you will send along a list of your neighbors who would be inter- 186 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW ested, a copy will be sent each of them also. I understand it is for free distribution, and should be a valualjle addition to everv bee- keeper's library, for sweet clover ranks as a splendid honey plant, and is something that farmers as a rule know but little about. I have also had the pleasure of reading a circular written by E. E. Barton, and published by the Bokahara Seed Co.. of Falmouth, Ky., which covers the subject thoroughly, and is well worthy the attention of anyone interested in this wonderful plant. This circu- lar can be had free bv addressing the above named firm. California Prospects. On January 13th. ]\lr. ^I. H. Alendleson wrote me that they were having a severe drought there, and that horses, cattle and sheep were suffering. In fact, many were in a starving condition. Since then I have received word that rains have arrived, and that the pros- pects now are good for a part of a crop at least, with prospects of an average crop if they get late rains. Historical Notes on The Causes of Bee Diseases. If you are at all interested in the "\\"hy" of l)ee diseases, you should send to the Bureau of Entomology, Department of Agricul- ture, Washington, D. C, for the book with the above title. It is compiled by Dr. E. F. Phillips and Dr. G. F. ^^dlite, and gives a comprehensive treatise on the work done by the various investi- gators wdiose papers are discussed in the book. It is for free distri- bution, and every bee-keeper should send for a copy. Winter Losses. The need of a proper system of gathering reports for the benefit of bee-keepers is again apparent. I might "guess" on the results of the past winter, but it would be only a guess after all. Reports are conflicting. Some report an almost total loss, while others have come through with hardly the loss of a colony. Indica- tions are that the loss in general has been heavy. But to get back to the need of a system. We get a report from a section which says "bees nearly all dead in this section.'' To what does he refer ; to those kept by the farmer bee-keeper, or to those belonging to the specialist? Sometimes the loss of the former is heavy while the latter, the one who really produces the honey which affects our markets, is very slight. Again, with but scattering reports it is hard to get the truth. AMiat we need is a SOLID report from the different sections, and this we will never get except through a definite system for gathering such reports. This is another work that can be taken up by the National, and I hope to see in the near future this very thing- done. AA'ith our THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 187 crop report this }'ear we will be in a very good way to get a system started, which can be enlarged upon as time goes by. Too much must not be expected at the start, but every season will strengthen the system. \Mien bee-keepers realize the value to them of making these reports, then and not till then will the best results be obtained. Co-Operative Experiments in Bee-Keeping by Canadians. Canada, through her Provincial Apiarist, Morley Pettit, is con- ducting a series of co-operative experiments in bee-keeping. The plan is to first send out a circular announcing that certain experi- ments are to be made, and asking those who will tr}' them out according to the instructions given to fill out the blank sent them and return it to Mr. Pettit. Instructions are then sent for carrying out the experiment .^elected, together with a blank on which to make a full report in the fall. For 1912 the following experiments will be carried out: 1 — Alethod of prevention of natural swarming in extracted hone}^ pro- duction by holding the colony together. 2 — Alethod of prevention of natural swarming in comb honey production, by artificial shaken- swarming. 3 — ^Method of prevention of natural swarming by manip- ulation of hives instead of combs. Short Course in Bee-Keeping at Massachusetts Agricultural College. The annual short course in bee-keeping at the Massachusetts Agricultural College is offered from May 29th to June 13th, 1912, to be concluded by a Convention and Field Day. The course and convention is under the personal direction of Dr. Burton N. Gates, in charge of the apicultural service of the College and State. The course includes lecture, laboratory, demonstrational, apiary and field work as well as excursions to large apiaries and queen rearing plants. The concluding convention should bring together a hundred or more representative apiarists of the East, beside the noted authorities and commercial men who appear on the program. The features of this convention will be lectures, demonstra- tions by authorities of national reputation, as well as displays by inventors, manufacturers, supply merchants, and queen rearers. A special invitation is extended to all bee-keepers to display and demonstrate inventions, implements or methods. If table space is desired, or special equipment is to be prepared, notice should be sent to Dr. Burton X. Gates, Amherst, ^lass., at least two or three weeks before the convention. The college will provide covered tables for the exhibit. 188 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW It may l^e found necessary to limit the number of students in the course, yet applications are accepted in the order in which they are received. No Registration Fees will be Charged. Women are cordially invited to attend. Registration with the Extension Service, Alassachusetts Agri- cultural College, Amherst, ]\Jass., is necessary for admission to classes. Space will not permit us to give a detailed program, but that can be secured by addressing Dr. Burton N. Gates, Amherst, ^^lass. TO THE MEMBERS, EX-MEMBERS AND PROSPECTIVE MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION. Fellow Bee-Keepers axd Members: Your attention is called to the fact that the Directors of the National Bee-Keepers' Association have purchased the Bee-Keepers Review for the Association, to be used by them as an official organ. According to our contract, we take possession with the next, or June number, and we will continue to publish it monthly, as hereto- fore. Some changes in the makeup of the Review are already l)eing contemplated by the Board of Directors. The subscription price of one dollar per year will likely be adhered to as in the past. A pro- vision is already decided upon that present subscribers who are not members of the National can become members for the balance of 1912, by paying the local association fee of 50 cents ; the dollar they have paid for the Review for this year being accepted in lieu of the dollar membership fee of the National. Arrangements are also made so that members that are uot sub- scribers of the Review, will be taken care of. The}' should write the Secretary for particulars. Our efficient Secretary, Mr. E. B. Tyrrell, has consented to remain with us as ^Managing Editor of the Review. It has about been decided by the directors to have a board of three editors, these two, aside from Mr. Tyrrell, having complete charge of all the manuscript that is published in the Re\'ie\v each month. The advantage of the board of three editors will be apparent to the members, inasmuch as it Avill make the Review broad in its dealings with the different problems of bee-keeping. In other words, it will not be a ''one man journal." 'Most papers are edited by men who happen to have the money to buy someone out, or they may have been born in a family of publishers, thus become editors. The reader will see at a glance that such an editor mav make a (?ood one or otherwise. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 189 Money cannot l)uy a position as Tlditor of our (nvn Ki':\'ie\v. To be eliiii^ible for this important ])osition one must be known as ha\'ing- the proper qualifications tt) make a good editor, or it would be hopeless for him to apply. The fact is, no one has applied for the position, and likely will not, but the directors will ask some ccmipe- tent persons to accept until the delegate meeting next February, Avhen they wall have the whole matter in their own hands to do as they see fit. ( )ur Secretary tells me that one member when sending in his dollar and a half dues for membership in the National asks, 'what are the benefits?" This is a ])roper question to ask. AA'hat are the benefits to be derived by becoming a member of the National Bee-Keepers' Association? In the first place, we are going to try and give each member the Rt:\'ji:w a wdiole year for a dollar, and throw in the dollar membership fee lo the National for good measure. ()f course you will have the •")U cents to pay for your momber- -■^hip in your local association. The manag;ement will try hard to make the Review worth the dollar you pay for it, so this will be a part of the benefits you will derive by becoming a member of the National Association. Then we are going to help all the mem- bers that need help in the selling of their crop of honey. This feature will certainly help some of the members enough so they will be even on the .")0c local association fee. We have made arrangements with the tin can manufacturers, so we can buy all kinds and sizes of tin packages at the lowest jobbing price. Note, 1 said jobbing price, not wholesale. The price we get by buying in such large quantities, is considerabl}' less than your retail dealer can buy for, consequently our price is lower. Take the GO-lb. screw cap honey can for an illustration. We can sell them to the mem- bers at only (iOc per case of two cans, and at this price furnish them of heavier tin than the regular. Then there is the one- gallon screw cap tin can at only 7c each. Can't you begin to see where the benefits of becoming a member of the National Associa- tion come in? We are also making arrangements with the glass manufacturers, so we can furnish the members with their glass l^ackages for the retail trade at equally low ])rices as that on tin. bTom time to time we hoi)e to bring out other ec[ually good bargains for the members, so 1 think 1 can safely promise each member his dollar and a half worth each year, and in many cases much more. To work out all the "schemes" we are contemplating, we will have to have the support of the bee-keeping fraternity. We need a large membership — the larger the membership, the more the indi\i(lual will be benefited. Get your neighbor to join with you. 190 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW tell him he will get his money's worth, and we hope a considerable more. Be a "pusher!"' With }-our help we hope to be 6,000 strong by January 1st, 1914. Then take notice what we will do. E. D. TOWNSEXD, Chairman. Stand Up and Be a Man. ^^'hen I was about seventeen years old I began the study of shorthand, or stenography, as it is now called. As a method of practice, I was quite given to jotting down my thoughts in short- hand in a note-book that I carried. In rummaging through a drawer the other day, I came across one of these old note-books, and, in glancing through its pages, my eye was caught by the title of one of the items. It was the same as the heading of this article. I had the curiosity to read it, and I consider the advice good enough to print, even if it were written by a boy in his teens. Here is what I then wrote : "How easy it is to stand up and be a man Avhen you have nO' troubles, when friends and fortune smile upon you, and success attends your every undertaking; l)Ut when troubles come thick and fast, one sorrow treading close upon the heels of another, when friends prove false and fortune frowns, and one hope after another is dashed to the ground, how hard it then is to stand up and be a man. But when is it that we most need to be strong, hopeful and courageous? Isn't it adversity's dark hour that most requires us to exercise our manly qualities? Do not cower before the network of difficulties, disappoint- ments, trials, and sorrows that you will surely meet in this world; meet them bravely, unravel the tangled threads, be resolute, per- severe, trust in God, stand up and be a man." As I look back over my past life I can not help thinking how manv times I have been called upon to follow the above advice; and how I have tried, to the l)est of my a])ilitv, to follow it. — AW Z. H. The Bee-Keepers' Review Has Been Sold. You Avill be surprised, and I believe pleased, to know that the Bee-Keepers' Review now belongs to the National Bee-Keepers" Association. This makes it the only journal on the American con- tinent absolutely owned and controlled by the bee-keepers them- selves. It gives them the means of building up and perfecting the most powerful bee-keeper's association in the world, and proves that THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 191 the present Board of Directors of the National have the nerve to undertake a work of magnitude in behalf of their fellow-workers. You. as a subscriber, have a right to know just why this action was taken, and I will try, as best I can, to tell you. Most of you know that for over a year I have held the office of Secretary of the National Bee-Keepers" Association. Since the 15th of last June I have also edited and published the Bee-Keepers' Review. Last November the constitution of the National was changed, which placed a much greater responsibility upon the Secre- tary, and consequently a great deal more work. It did not take me long to find out that a private business did not go well with a co-operative business. In other words, the work of the National and the v.-ork of the Review conflicted. I found that I was doing many things double, simply because they belonged to different lines of business. To explain, I may mention the fact that I just recently sent out a large number of circulars for the National. Those circulars solicited membership. If I de- sired to solicit those same persons for stibscriptions, it meant another set of circulars, sent by the same person, and paying post- age equal to the first lot, when all coidd have been combined in the same circular had the whole business been under the one owner- ship. Another point was, that after a person had been solicited for one thing, he would be apt to Idc iess responsive to a second appeal by the same person for another tliuv^. Hence, if the National circulars were sent out first, it was done at a loss to the Review, and if the Review circulars were sent out first it v.'as done at a loss to the National. In either case one or the other btisiness must suffer. Then there came the question of separating the office work. Letters had to he dictated, remittances had to be cared for. two sets of cards had to be kept, besides many other things. How nuicli of this work must be charged to the National, and how much to the Re\iew was always a question which demanded careful atten- tion, resulting in mcjre work. And most of this work vras unneces- sary if the whole business was under one ownership. Now take your last National report, and you will read on pages 83, 8-1: and 8o a discussion regarding an official organ for the National. That shows wliich wav the wind blows, and that there is a demand for a National ])tiblication. Take any of the large organizations you can think of, and you will find that they have their official organ. It is really necessary in order that the mem- bers may be promptly informed regarding the work as it goes along. The question came up then as to how this official organ could be established. The postal laws were the first thing which had to 192 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 1)6 considered. 1 took considerable time in looking this matter up, ha^■ing at one time the thought of establishing a separate publica- tion. I found that to do that and accept advertising I must have a subscription list. The National could not get up a journal and send it out free to its members, if it accepted advertising. No, a subscription list must be established. To get a subscription list would take more funds than the National had at its disposal. On the other hand, if a publication v/as issued without advertising, then the cost of its publication would l^e prohibiti\'e. This made the plan of starting a new publication out of the question, for the })resent at lease. Next came the suggestion of getting a page in some farm pub- lication and sending it free to the members. Here again we were up against the postal laws, for free circulation is not allowed. They must be subscribers. But even if that plan was adopted, it vrould not be practical, for we wciuld not have sufficient control to assure us that we would get what we wanted printed. Having exhausted all means for getting a new journal started and not seeing a way out, the next move w^as tc» get hold of one already started and naturally that Ijrouglit my attention to the Review. I will admit that 1 hesitated about offering it to the directors. I realized tha. I would no doubt be charged by some of having personal interests in getting rid of the Review. ]\Iany no doubt would think that I had got hold of a bad bargain and wanted to unload on the Association. In reply to this 1 will say that the Review is not an untried experiment. It has been published now for more than 24 years. I have been at the helm less than a year, and I feel that I have made good. At least the letters I can show from my subscribers would indicate that to be the fact, as well as the condition of my subscription list. You have noticed that I have not offered one single inducement for renewals or new subscribers, by giving a premium or discount (except the three months' trial offer for 15 cents), and practically all my old subscribers have re- newed for this year. I can be excused then for believing that the Review is on a prosperous basis. In selling the Review to the National Association, I feel that I have proven myself loyal to your cause. That act has placed me absolutely at your disposal. Whenever you feel that I am not working for your interests, whenever you think another person can represent you better, you have only to exercise your power, and another takes my place. Don't tell me there is no one else availa- ble. There is no man living whose place cannot he filled. The fact that you have created a job big enough to demand one man's attention will attract plenty of applicants. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 193 At present 1 ha\'e been retained as A,lanaLiins4' JCditor. I hope to fill that position so satisfactorily to you, that it will be a long- time before you will want to change. 1 have ultimate faith in the possibilities of building up your organization to a point where it is a power for you. 1 hope to be retained long enough in my pres- ent position to ])ro\e to you that it can be done. And at the same time I realize that should this mo^'e be a failure, the heaviest loss and censure will fall on my shoulders. LUit I am not looking for failure. In fact, if you could look over the mail on my desk today ; if you could read the letters that lay there from Bee-Keepers' Associations that want to become branches of the National (and one of them from California) ; if you could look over the orders for cans, some as far away as Idaho and California; 1 say if you could read with me these thmgs you would share my enthusiasm, and feel as 1 do that there is no possible chance of failure. And now I want to say a word to you regarding our directors. Up to the time of the directors" meeting in Detroit last January, 1 had met (but one of the four directors who were present ; Director \\'ilcox, who was absent, 1 met at Minneapolis. 1 didn't know how they would back me up in my work, but 1 am frank to say that you could not have selected a more loyal lot of fellows. In spite of the fact that we started the new term with but $'28.09 in the general fund, those directors have not hesitated to undertake bis: things for you, and have proven themsehes progressives in every sense of the word. 1 cannot help but feel grateful to them for the backing they are giving me in my work, and the way they handle impartially every question which confronts them. Personal interests are thrown to the wind, and every question is considered from the standpoint of "what benefit will this be to the National Association." In mentioning the small balance on hand at the l^eginning of this year, I wish it distinctly understood that I cast no reflections on the former work of our general manager and treasurer, Mr. France, for I am certain you could not have found a person more" economical and conscientious in his work than Mr. France was. In conclusion, let me say that no hasty decision has been arrived at in the purchase of the Revif.w. The matter has been carefully considered from every standpoint, and the move was made with a full appreciation of the responsibilities resting on the shoulders of those who took the action. In tliis issue you have Chairman of Directors Townsend's statement, and in the next issue I hope to pu]:)lish a report from each of the other four directors. Readers, the action was taken in your behalf. Let us know that we have your support by the personal work that you can do in building the strongest organization of bee-keepers the world ever saw. 194 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW THE POOREST SECTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT IN THE GRADE NAMED NUMBER ONE NUMBER TWO HONEY QUOTATIONS BOSTON — Fancy white comb honey 17c to 18c. Light amber 16c. Amber 15c. Fancy white extracted 10c to lie. Light amber and amber extracted 8c to 9c. Wax 30c. BIAKE LEE CO., April 22. 4 Chatham Row. CINCINNATI— Market on comb honey is about cleaned up and there is a very light demand. It seems demand has fallen off con- siderably. White extracted in 60-pound cans at 10 cents, light amber in 60-pound cans at Syi cents, there is also a very light d^^mand for extracted. Beeswax fair demand at $33.00 per hundred. Above are selling prices, not what we are paying. April 17. C. H. WEBER & CO. KANSAS CITY— Our market is almost cleaned up on botli comb and extracted honey. There is no change in prices since our last quotations. We quote: No. 1 White Comb 24 sec. cases, $3.25; No. 2 White Comb 24 sec. cases, $3.00; No. 1 Amber Comb 24 sec. cases. $3.00; No. 2 Amber Comb 24 sec. cases, $2.75; Extracted Amber per lb., 7K' to Sc; Extracted White per lb., 9c; Beeswa.x, 25c to 28c. April 22. C. C. CLE.MONS PRODUCE CO. DENVER — We have no comb honey to quote, our market is entirely cleaned up. Our job- •bing quotations on white extracted are 9c, light amber 8c, strained 6j4c to 7;/2C. We pay 26c in cash and 28c in trade for clean, yel- low beeswax delivered here. THE COLORADO HONEY PRODUCERS' ASSN. Mar. 23. CHICAGO — The sales of honey during the month of April have been of small volume, hardly up to the normal of the past ten years. Prices for the A No. 1 to fancy grades of comb honey has held steadily at 17c to ISc per lb. but there was very little of it. The other grades range from Ic to 5c per lb. less. Dark and mixed comb, also those of irregular shape or built without separators have been difficult to dispose of at 10c to 12c per lb. Extracted honey remains fairly steady in price at from, 8c to 9c per lb. for the white grade, according to kind and duality with the ambers chiefly at 7c per lb. but some of the fine sages liave brought Sc per lb. There is quite a quantity of it being carried over despite the fact that we had a small flow in the neighbor- ing territories during 1911. Beeswax is in good deniand at from 30c to 32c per lb., ac- cording to color and cleanliness. .\pril 22. R. A. BURNETT & CO. 173 -W. South Water St. TOLEDO — The market on honey is quiet as usual this time of the year, buyers only taking on from hand to mouth, and the stocks are well cleared up. Comb Honey sells as follows: No. 1 White Clover from 15 to 17c per lb. according to quality and condition; western honey from $3.40 to $3.75 per case; no de- mand for dark or off grades. Extracted honey moves slow at from 7^ to 8^4 for amber grades and 9i/2 to 10c for white honey. Bees- wax brings from 30 to 34c according to quality. April 29. S. J. GRIGGS & CO. NEW YORK — Our market is practically bare of comb honey, so to speak. Some few little lots still arriving, which have been held back, and find ready sale at from 15c to 17c for the \yhite, and from 13c to 14c for amber and light amber, according to quality. Extracted honey still remains very quiet. The demand has not been up to former years, ever since the first of January, and we really see no in- dications for an improvement at this time. Prices remain nominally the same, with very little trade. W'e sanction fullv what Editor Root says in Gleanings of Bee Culture in April loth issue, entitled "Why Bee Keepers Should Produce jMore Comb Honey This Year." The Editor is right in what he says; it seems that too much extracted has been produced of late years, and not enough of comb. April 22. HILDRETII &• SEGELKEN. CINCINNATI.— The condition of _ the honev market reminds one of a ship that is beached, and must await the high tide to move it. It is useless to try to offer any inducements to make sales, and to cut prices, owing to the small profit, would not only be a loss but would ruin the conditions. Nevertheless, we do not over- look opportunities to make sales. For the fancy grades of table honey we are getting from 10c to lie a pound in 60-lb. cans, and THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 195 for amber honey of the better grades from 8c to 9c, while for the low grades from 6c to 7c, according to the quality and quantity pur- chased. These are our selling prices: Comb honey is moving somewhat slower than for some time back, and we are now getting from $3.75 to $4.00 a case. For choice, bright yel- low beeswax, we are paying 30c a pound in cash, delivered here. THE FRED W. MUTH CO. April 19. 51 Walnut street. Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your advertisement in this department. o =o BEES AND QUEENS. ^^'ANTED — Carload of bees for cash. John C. Bull, Rt. 8, Valparaiso, Ind. W.ANTED. — Carload of bees for cash. John C. Bull, Gen. Del., Hammond, Ind. Our Queens will please you. C. W. Phelps & Son, Dealers in Beekeepers' supplies, Bing- hampton, X. Y. Colonies of Italian Bees in L. hives, 10- fr., full of stores — any time. Jos. Wallrath, Antioch, Cal. For Sale. — Bees, queens and supplies. Pure- blooded poultry and eggs, way below standard prices. A. M. Applegate, Reynoldsville, Pa. Nutmeg Italian Queens, after June 1, $1.00. Circular. A. W. Yates, 3 Chapman St., Hart- ford, Ct. Front Line Italian Queens, well bred and hardy. After June 1st, 6 for $4.50. Satis- faction guaranteed. T. B. Hollopeter, Pentz, Pa. Choice Italian Queens, delivery beginning April 15. Untested, 75 cts. ; tested," $1.00. Ten years' experience in queen-rearing. Send your orders now. F. Hughes, Gillett, Ark. Queens. — Mott's strain of Italians and Car- niolans. Bees by pound, nuclei. 1 en-page list free. Plans for Introducing Queens, 15 cts.; How to Increase, 15 cts.; both, 25 cts. E. E. MoTT, Glenwood. Mich. Italian and Carnolan Queens — Nucleus and full colonies; bees by the pound; apiaries in- spected for brood diseases; bee supplies; write for circular. Frank M. Keith, 83>^ Florence St., Worcester, Mass. Quirin's famous improved Italian queens, nuclei, colonies, and bees by the pound, ready in May. Our stock is northern-bred and hardv; five yards wintered on summer stands in 1908 and 1909 without a single loss. For Wanted.- prices, send for circular. Quirin-the-Quee.v- wax. Breeder, Bellevue, O. Queens and Nuclei.- — A strain of Italians developed for honey-gathering ability. My en- tire time has been given to them for 12 years. W. D. Achord, Fitzpatrick, Bullock Co., Ala. Golden Italian Queens that produce golden bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each $1, six $5; tested $2. J. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. Finest Quality of 3 band Italian queen, reared in the 59th latitude. Tested: Tune, $3.00; July, $2.50; Aug., $2.00. Breeder: tune, $6.00; July, $5.00; Aug., $4.00. Doz., 25% discount. Alexander Lundgren, 12 Tomte- bogatan, Stockholm, Sweden. For Sale. — Moore's strain and golden Italian queens, untested, $1.00; six, $5.00; twelve, $9.00. Carniolan, Banat, and Caucasian queens, select, $1.25; six, $6.00; twelve, $10.00. Tested, any kind, $1.50; six, $8.00. Choice breeders, $3.00. Circular free. W. H. Rails, Orange, Cal. For Sale — After May 15th, a few breeding queens of G. B. Howe stock, select mated to drones of a well built up comb honey strain of dark Italians, $5.00 each. Untested in June, $1.00 each, 6 for $5.00. D. G. Little, Hartley, Iowa. Golden Queens. — Very gentle, very hardy, and great surplus gatherers. Untested, five and six band, $1.00; select tested, $3.00; also nuclei and full colonies. Send for circular and price list to Geo. M. Steele, 30 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, Pa. Tested Italian Queens by return mail, $1.00 each. Queens reared last fall and just in their prime. Safe arrival and satisfaction guaran- teed. Send for price list. J. W. K. Shaw & Co., Loreauville, La. If you wish the best of untested three- banded Italian queens send us your orders — 75 cents each, $8.00 per dozen. Safe arrival and satisfaction. No order too small nor too large to receive our prompt attention. The Golden Rule Bee Co., Rt. 1, Box 103, River- side, Cal. Golden and 3-Banded Italians. — lested, $1 each. 3 queens $2.75; 6 or more, 85c each. L^ntested, 75c each; 3 queens, $2; 6 or more, 05c each. Bees per pound, $1. Nuclei, per frame, $1.25. (No disease here.) C. B. Bankston, Buffalo, Texas. For Sale. — Early Italian (Frofalcon) Queens. February and March deliveries for untested, $1.50 each; April, $1.25; Tested Queens, 50 cents additional. Select tested, $1.00 extra. Breeders, prices upon application. Sweet Clo- ver and Alfalfa Seed. Send for prices. John C. Frohliger, Berkeley, Cal. 257-9 Market St., San Francisco. HONET AND WAX. For Sale. — Clover, basswood, alfalfa, sage or light amber fall honey. First-class stock put up in any sized cans. Send for price list. M. V. Facey. Preston, Fillmore Co., Minn. -Comb, extracted honey, and bees- R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 W. S. Water St., Chicago. 196 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. HiLDRETH & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. For Sale. — Water white and light-amber alfalfa and light-amber fall honey, put up in any size packages. First class. I)adant & Sons, Hamilton, 111. SEAIi ESTATE. For Sale. — Old homestead farm of los acres; good buildings; best farm in the neigh- borhood; $40 per acre. H. S. Thompson, Franklin Forks, Pa. MISCEIiIiANEOUS. For Sale — 1 ^ h. p. Associated Mfg. Co.'s gasoline-engine in good condition; $20.00 takes it. M. C. SiLSBEE, Rt. 3, Cohocton, N. Y. Wanted — Every bee-keeper to try Boyuni Foundation Fastener. See ad. on page 103 of this issue. For Sale — Ten-frame hives, etc., used and new. Wanted, to buy or exchange old bee journals. Send list with jirices. Edwin Ewell, Litchfield, Mich. Second-Hand 8-frame hives, practically as good as new; painted white; IJ^-story; com- plete with starters, $1.25 each, worth $2. .50. O. N. Baldwin, Baxter Springs, Kansas. For Sale. — Vogeler process comb founda- tion, 10 frame redwood hive bodies 25c each, and poultry supplies. J. Stansfield, Fruitvale, Calif. For Sale. — A full line of bee-keepers' sup- plies; also Italian bees and honey a specialty. Write for catalog and particulars. The Penn Co., Penn, Miss. (Successor to J. M. Jenkins.) For Sale. — Empty second-hand 60-lb. cans, as good as new, two cans to a case, at 25 cts. per case. C. H. W. Weber & Co., Cincinnati, O. Penna. Bee Keepers: Having bought supply business of Geo. H. Rea, can furnish complete line of Roots goods. Full car just in; catalog free. Thos. H. Litz, Osceola Mills, Pa. Free. — Catalogue of Bee-keepers and Poul- try supplies, describing our goods. Also of Barred and White Plymouth and White Wyan- dotte chickens. Best of goods. Lowest price. Square treatment. Prompt shipment. H. S. DuBY, St. Anne, 111. For Sale. — A brand-new Kenmore automo- bile, used only for demonstrating. Can be used for delivery or pleasure car. Will sell at a bar- gain. Louis Werner, Edwardsville, 111. Honey Cans for Sale — 5-gallon, 60-lb., .square, screw top cans, used only once; good as new; in crates; send quick best cash offer; any number delivered. Hilltop Pure Food Co., Ltd., Pittsburgh, Pa. For Sale — 80 L combs, 7c each; 40 shallow ex, combs, 6c; 20 L hive bodies, 20c; 7 shal- low supers, 15c; 10 bottoms, 8c; 10 covers, 12c; 32 L frames, 3c; second-hand but good; $12 cash for the lot. H. L. Hutchinson, May- ville, Mich. In Florida. — Root supplies. Save transpor- tation. Free catalog. G. F. Stanton, Buck- ingham, Fla. FOUI^TB'S'. Sicilian Buttercups — Eggs for hatching; circular free. 11. S. Durall, Hurdland, Mo. Partridge Wyandottes. — Adapted to any climate; eggs and stock for sale. C. M. AIyers, Winchester, Ind. Indian Runner Ducks, dark fawn, hardy, great foragers, heavy layers, pure white eggs 15 for $1.00; 100, $5.00. Wm. StuMxM, Edin- burg. 111. Pigeons! Pigeons! — Thousands in all leading varieties at lowest prices. Squab-breeding stock our specialty; 17 years' experience. Illustrated matter free. Providence Squab Co., Provi- dence, R. I. Prize-winning S. C. R. I. Reds, thorough- bred White Orpington, Barred Plymouth Rocks, Indian Runner ducks, fawn and white; white egg strain; eggs. Day old ducks. David M. Ha.mmond, Woodside Poultry Yards, Rt. 5, Cortland, N. Y. Real Bargains — In Stock 2-lb. pullets, chicks, eggs; heavy laying barred rocks, S. C. R. I. Reds, S. C. White Leghorns, Pekin Ducks; the kind we all want; don't go on a strike all winter; catalog free. Crystal Spring Farm, Rt. 2, Lititz, Pa. Eggs — From Houdans, Buff P. Rocks, White Wyandottes, Buff and Black Orpingtons, Buff Leghorns, R. C. B. Leghorns, R. I. Reds; eggs $1.50 per 15, $2.75 per 30, $4.00 per 45; Bronze Turkeys' eggs, $2.50 per 11. $4.50 per 22. .\ddress A. F. Firestone, Broadwell, Ohio, Athens Co. I have the typical Indian Runner Ducks. They are the queen of all layers and as far as beauty the artist's brush has never surpassed. They stand pre-eminently of today. My foun- dation stock are from the original winners of the Jamestown Exposition. 13 pure white eggs $].nO; $7.00 per 100. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. This advertisement will be lived up to to the letter. Robt. Bird, Pinck- neyville. 111. For .Sale — One hundred hives of bees, in lots to suit purchasers, at ten dollars per hive. Colonies strong and healthy. .Address W. S. Frazeur, Sr., 259 City Market; Indianapolis. Ind. One of the handsomest, as well as the most instructive calendars we have seen for this year, is that sent out hy the White & Wyckoff Manufacturing Company, manufacturers of "Autocrat" and Exclusive Correspondence Station- ery, Holyoke, Mass. The large type, the featuring of holidays and notable days of the year, in three-color process printing, makes the calendar a most desirable one. A calendar will be mailed upon receipt of 10 cents in coin or U. S. stamps. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 197 WANTED WHITE HONEY Both comb and extracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. HILDRETH & SEGELKEN 265-267 Greenwich St. New York, N. Y. Why Not Have a Good Light? Here It Is! Bright, Powerful. Economical. Odorless, Smokeless. Every one guaranteed. The Lamp to READ, WRITE and WORK by. Indis- pensable in your home. If your dealer hasn't got them, send his name and address and your name and address and we will mail as manv as you want at 25c each. AGENTS WANTED EVERY- ^hI^steel mantle light CO. K3'3 Huron St.. Toledo, O. Established 1SS5 WE CARRY AN UP-TO-DATE LINE OF Bee-keepers' Supplies W'rite for our 50-page catalog free, and for lowest prices on supplies. Full Information given to all inquiries. We handle the best make of goods for the be€-keeper. Freight facilities good. Let us hear from you. •Tohn Xebel & Son Supply Co., High Hill, Mo. LAKNlULAIlS Daring Spring Months of any race of bees. This is of immense importance. Bees must be gotten strong early. Success in Honey production can come only by haringr colonies strong when harvest opens. Ask inr "Superiority of the Carniolan giving full description, prices of etc. It's free. ALBERT G. HANX Scientific Queen Breeder, Pittstown, N. .1. American Butter & Cheese Co., 31-33 Griswold St., Detroit, Mich. Always in the market for choice comb honey. Write us. SWEET CLOVER Seed, for winter sowing on top ground. Circular how to grow it free. Bokhara Seed Co., Box 296-C, Falmouth, Ky. GOLDEN ITALIAN BEES "Buttercup Strain." Queens, Xuelei and Full Colonics. I have kept and studied Bees for fifty years. Have bought queens for improvement of stocli from the most noted breeders from Langstroth down to the present day. My foundation stock, from which my im- proved "Buttercup" strain was evolved, was originally from Alley and Pratt (Swarthmore). They are very gentle, very handsome, very hardy and great hustlers. I wintered 75 colon- ies on summer stands, last winter, one of the hardest on record. -Made more honey per colony last (very poor) season than ever before. Have no trace of disease. This season I shall propagate and offer for Bale after June 1st as follows: Prices of Bee.s and Q,neen.s: One full colony in lYz story, S-frame hive, complete $10.00 One full colony. 8-framcs. one-story, only S.25 Xucleu.s of Bees in lijibt shiiipiu;;- cases after June 1st. One-frame nucleus and untested queen. . . .$2.-30 Two-frame nucleus and untested queen... 3.00 Three-frame nucleus and untested queen.. 3. .50 Colony or nucleus with tested queen, add. 1.00 Queens. After June 1 Selected tested queen $2.50 Tested queen 1.50 Untested queen j .00 The colonies I offer consist of eight frames of bees, honey and brood, in a ten-frame Langstroth body. They will be securely packed and sent by express at purchaser's expense. For larger quantities of bees or queens write for prices. Circular free. ISAAC F. TILLINGHAST State Apiary Inspector, Factoryville, Pa. MEXICO AS A BEE COUNTRY B. A. Hadsell, one of the largest bee-keepers in the world, has made six trips to Mexico, investigating that country as a bee country, and is so infatuated with it that he is closing out his bees in Arizona. He has been to great expense in getting up a finely illustrated 32- page booklet describing the tropics of Mexico as a Bee Man's Paradise, which is also su- perior as a farming, stock raising and fruit country, where mercury ranges between 55 and 98. Frost and sun-stroke is unknown. Also a great health resort. He will mail this book free by addressing B. A. HADSELL, Lititz, Pa. Italian, Cyprian, Carniolan, Caucasian and Banat Queens. Bee Supplies. Honey Packages. \VAI>TER C. MORRIS, 74 Cortlandt St., Neiv York Clfy. 2V. V. 198 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW LET SHAFER PUT DOLLARS IN YOUR HANDS Profits in dollars is what you want — now we're botli interested in becoming ''Top Notch- ers" in selling our honey — the protit is in selling rijirht. Sold mine for 25c per section for 1911 and each sale took 4 sections. You can sell 4 or more as easy as one. Send 2oc (coin) for postage and packing, for complete sample and my successful selling plan to W. S. SHAFER, Dept. K., 2311 N. Street, South Omaha, Nebraska. Carniolan Alpine Queens — Gray Workers SELECT TESTED QUEENS, March, April, May, $5.00; June, July, August, $3.50. SELECT UNTESTED, June, July, August, $2.00. Shipped to all parts of the world, postage free. Safe arrival guaranteed. Inter- national money order with every order. Dead queens replaced if returned in 24 hours after arrival. References respective financial and commercial responsibility of the under- signed Association can be had at every Imperial-Royal Austro-Hungarian Consulate in the U. S. and Canada. Write for our booklet. Orders for nuclei and hives cannot be filled until everything concerning this line of business is arranged properly. Remit money order and write English to the Imperial -Royal Agricultural Assocation Ljubljana, Carniola (Krain) AUSTRIA W. H. Laws will be ready to take care of your queen orders, whether large or small, the coming season. Twenty-five years of careful breed- ing brings Laws' qvieens above the usual standard; better let us book your orders now. Tested queens in March; untested, after April 1st. About 50 first-class breeding- queens ready at any date. Prices: Tested, $1.25; 5 for $5.00; Breed- ers, each $5.00. Address W'. H. I.a^vs, Beeville, Texas. At Last — A Comfortable Motorcycle The Ful-Floteing seat on the new Harley-Davklson Motorcycle eliminates jolts,. iars and all vibrations. The Free- wheel Control, another exclusive fea- ture makes It possible to start the Harley-Davidson like an automobile, without pedallngor running alongside to start motor. Write for catalog. Harley-Davidson Motor Co., 344 A St., Milwaukee PORTER BEE ESCAPE SAVES TIME HONEY MONEY l.'e eaeli, $1.05 iloz. All Dealers. >Iamifactured only by R. A 1-:. t. PORTER, Lewistown, 111, Bargains in Bee Supplies. The recent death of James Ileddon leaves us with a large amount of P>ee Fixtures and Sup]ilies of almost every description, which will be sold at a great sacrifice. Write us for inventory and write at once, as these goods will not last long at the prices we are closing them out at. JAMES HEnnox'.s soxs, Dowa^'ine, .llieliij^an. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 199 AQUASUN Is produced from honey by re?>olving its electro-magnetic elements into acid. Aquasun is produced from the same elements as electric light, heat and power. Electric light, heat. etc.. are acids which result from abnormal tempera- tures. Aquasun is the only product of the only normal temperature. Normal temperature produces normal acid. Food stored or produced in abnormal temperatures produces abnormal acids. Abnormal acids produce almormal conditions in the body and disease is the result. The normal acid of Aquasun destroys the abnormal acids which produce dis- ease. Aquasun penetrates to every part of the system and is attracted toward dis- ease producing acids. No other substance besides hone\' can produce acid as in Aquasun. Aquasun resolves water into hydro- gen and uses it as a solvent in diges- tion. Abnormal acids use oils as solvents and overload the system with carbon- ates. Carl)onates harden, calcify and granu- late and produce inactivity and prema- ture old age. Hydrogen dissolves calcium-carbon- ates and produce youth fulness and pro- longs life. C. W. DAYTON, Chatsworth, Calif. Patent Arowed on Aquasun. SECTIONS ^ We make a specialty of manufadturing Sections. ^ Prompt shipments on all Bee-Keepers' supplies. CATALOGUE FREE AUG. LOTZ & CO. BOYD, WISCONSIN National Bee -Keepers' Association OBJECTS OF THE ASSOCIATION The objects of this Association shall be to aid its members in the bttsiness of bee-keeping; to help in the sale of their honey and beeswax, and to promote the interests of bee-keepers in any other direction decided upon by the Board of Directors. OFFICERS AND EXECUTIVE BOARD. President — Ceo. W. York, Chicago. III. Vice-Pres.— Morley Pettit, Guelph, Ont. Secretary — E. B. Tyrrell, Detroit, Mich. Treas.-Cen'l Mgr. — N. E. France, Plattsville, Wis. DIRECTORS. E. D. Townsend, Remus, Mich, Wesley l-'oster, Boulder. Colo. F. Wilcox, Mauston. Wis. T. E. Crane, Middlebury, Vt. T. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn, Annual Membership $1.50, one-third, or 50 cents of which goes to the local branch where such branch is organized. Send dues to the Secretary. USE THIS COUPON M. H. HINT & SON (Jeneral Agents for Root's Goods Lansing:, Mich. Dear Sirs:- — - Please quote me your prices on the at- tached list of bee supplies 1 need. Also send me your 64-page catalog, and a complimentary copy of "The Bee Keeper and The Fruit Grower." Address. CHAS. ISRAEL & BROS. 488-490 Canal St,. New York Wholesale Dealers and Commission Merchants in Honey, Beesi^ax, Maple Sugar and Syrup, Etc. Consignments solicited. Established 1875. 200 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW When You Buy Lewis Beeware You Get... IjEWIS (lUALilTV — Which means that all Lewis Hives are made out of clear white pine, and Lewis sections made out of fine bright basswood. The material in these goods is the best obtainable and selected by experts. LEWIS AVORKMANSHIP — The Lewis factory is equipped with the latest improved machinery constantly watched over by experts. The Lewis head mechanic has had thirty-five years of bee supply experience, the superintendent of bee hive de- partment twenty-nine years, the superintendent of sections twenty-eight years. These and many other skilled men have a hand in all the Lewis goods you buy. LEWIS PACKING — All Lewis Beeware is carefully and accurately packed — a patent woven wood and wire package made only by the Lewis Company, is employed largely in packing — this makes the package light, compact and damage-proof. LEWIS SERVICE — Years ago all goods were shipped direct from the factory with attending high freight rates and delays during the honey season — now Lewis Bee- ware can be obtained almost at your own door. Over thirty distributing houses carrying Lewis r>eeware by the carload are dotted all over the L'nitcd States and foreign countries. \\'ritc for the name of the one nearest you. G. B. LEWIS COMPANY Manufacturers of Beeware WATERTOWN, WIS. Make Your Own Hives Bee Keepers will save money by using our Foot " SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F..& JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford, Illinois. "If goods are wanted quick, send to Pouder." BEE SUPPLIES Standard hives with latest improvements. Danzen- baker Hives, Sections, Foundation, Extractors, Smokers, in fact everything used about the bees. My equipment, my stock of goods, the quality of my goods and my shipping facilities cannot be excelled. PAPER HONEY JARS For extracted honey. Made of heavy paper and paraffine coated, with tight seal. Every honey producer will be interested. A descriptive circular free. Finest white clover honey on hand at all times. I buy beeswax. Catalog of supplies free. WALTER S. POUDER, Indianapolis.lnd. 859 Massachusetts Avenue. The National Bee -Keepers' Association WILL FURNISH YOU Quality Cans At Wholesale Prices. Standard Sizes. Here we are with a standard can. Something you have never liad before. Of course, you had .-iixty- jiuund cans, but did you ever know what size those cans would be, what weight of tin they were made of, or what kind of a box they would be placed in for shipment? Of course, you didn't. You simply had to order sixty-pound cans and take what you got. Sometimes you did not get a very good can. Some- times the box was not strong enough to stand ship- ment without breakage. Sometimes you paid a big price for those cheap cans in the loss of honey you sustained through leakage. All Cans are carefully soldered and tested with compressed air under water to prevent the possible shipment of leakers. NN'cight of Tin used on above Cans to be not less tlian ]()il lbs. per base box of 112 sheets 14x20 inches. NOTE THE INNER SEAL Under the present pure food laws, if you ship your honey from one State to another, you must guarantee its purity. With nothing but a screw cap on your cans, how do you know your honey would rot be tampered with after it, left you and before it reached 'the buyer? We are furnishing you this year a can having an inner seal. This inner seal costs you nothing extra and can be used or not. If used, it does not interfere with the regular screw cap, but when once in place it cannot be removed without destroying it. This prevents your honey being tampered with without detection, for, of course, after the inner seal is destroyed the buyer will know it is not as it left you. Thisi certainly is an important con- sideration, and is furnished free on all cans ordered through the National Association. Send for circular giving prices, freight rates and full description to The NATIONAIi BEE-KEEFEBS' ASSOdATIOK, 230 WOOSI.AN]) AVE., DETROIT, MICHIGAN ROOTS BEEXEEPERS SUPPLIES You may have a catalog of supplies; but if you haven't ours for 1912 you have missed something really worth vi'hile, and should get one at once. It is the largest and most complete ever published — more than a mere price list of supplies — a book that every beekeeper can read with pleasure and profit. Beginners will find answers to many perplexing questions, and ad- vanced beekeepers timely suggestions that will save them money. Old customers are writing us frequently letters like the following: Your catalog for 1912, designated ROOT'S BEEKEEPERS' SUPPLIES, is received, and 1 certainly thank you for this book. I have had your catalog on my desk for years, and have used Root's supplies all along. I note the enlargement and improve- ment in your new catalog, and notice many things I expect to add to my apiary. Crystal City, Texas. C. W. Co.x. Our catalog this season also gives a full and complete list of books and booklets which we can supply. Many of these booklets are free, which doesn't mean that they are not worth read- ing, but simply that we want you to be informed on the subjects of which they treat. Send for a catalog, and check those in which you are interested. Quick Deliveries Next to having the best goods made, there is nothing so important to tlie beekeeper in the busy season as to have goods delivered just when they are wanted most. It isn't always possible to ship goods from a distant factory and have them reach destination within a day or two, as is sometimes necessary during the height of the season, but with distributing-houses located in the large shipping-centers we are able to supply beekeepers everywhere, with no loss of time and with minimum transportation charges. Send Your Hurry Orders to any one of the offices listed below, and let us show you what we can do for you in point of service. Cars are going to these branches at the rate of two or three a week, so the stocks are new and fresh, and we usually have just what you want. If it isn't in stock at your nearest branch our manager will include your order with his specifications and you may have your goods come in the next car, thereby saving on transportation charges and getting the goods in better shape than you would by local freight. Whatever Your Wants we can supply you, and, of course, there is no question about the quality of our goods. The name "ROOT" in connection with bee-supplies means the best of every thing in this line, and the best is always the cheapest, as our customers will testify. If you have never used our supplies you should make a trial of them this season. Once used, we are sure you will want no other. I have just received my goods, order No. 10,739. I am more than pleased with them. I had intended to make my hives, but when I received the sample hive and saw the No. 1 pine lumber from which it was made, and considering the workmanship, I am satisfied I can buy cheaper than I can make them; enough cheaper to save the price of the lumber. O. C. Mills, Barton Ldg., Vt. BRANCH OFFICES THew "york, 139-141 Franklin St. Cliicag-o, 213-231 Institute Flace Philadelphia, 8-10 Vine St. Des Moines, 565 W. Seventh St. St. Paul, 1024 Mississippi St. Syracuse, ^631 Genesee St. Wasliing-ton, 1100 Maryland Ave. S-W. Mechanic Falls, Maine Distributing" Depots in Many Large Centers The A. I. Root Company Executive Offices and Factory MEDINA, OHIO THE CHAS. F. MAY CO.. PRINTERS. DETROIT. MICK %t^wi^tr^' mm Published Mont% JUNE 1912 DETROIT MICHIGAN ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR This Big Touring Car $1600 Completely Equipped A classy big" car — tliat will fairly fly over the roads. De- slg'ned for the utmost comfort and attractiveness. Five passenger capacity. SEI.F-STABTEB, TOO. ^ The special features of the Cartercar make this the best popular priced touring car value on the market. It has the patented Friction Transmission which makes it far superior to any gear driven car from an efficiency standpoint. It will climb a 50% grade — has any number of speeds — one lever control — no jerks or jars — and without the usual gears. C| Four other excellent models. They are every one lead- ers in their class. Full floating rear axle, valve encased motor, three quarter rear elliptic springs, and all modern ideas. Let us send you catalog. Cartercar Company Pontiac, Michigan BRANCHES: NEW VOBK, CHICACrO, DETROIT, KANSAS CITV. THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 201 Do you LiKe to be Stung' ? What's the use of wearing an old style net bee-veil that blows in j'our e3'es, stick -5 to your face, and gives the bees a chance to hand you a hot one ? The Muth Ideal Bee Veil (75 CENTS, POvSTPAID, 70 CENTS WITH OTHER GOODS ; keeps the bees at a distance because it is made of light indestructible wire and Strong cloth. You can see through this wire as if it wasn't there; and you can smoke inside the veil all you want. It can't catch fire. If you buy the has-been kind of veils You certainly ARE "Stung"! lyook what dollars of satisfaction you get out of it ! No doubt about this — it's the best-ever veil on the market. Better send for one today — don't be a drone! We're big people in all bee supplies — ask for catalogue. ^he Fred W. Muth Co. THE BUSY BEE, MEN, 51 Walnut Street, Cincinnati. Ohio. HAND WILL LOOK • LIKE THIS Shafer's System Spells Success BECAUSE It's Modern, It's Clean, It's Sanitary, It's Attractive You can increase your profits from 3c to 5c per section, as well as your sales. You will sell more on each sale — 4 to 1. Sold entire 1911 crop for 25c per section. Try my plan this year. Send for complete FREE sample of successful selling plan to V^. S. SHAFER, Dept. R, 23 1 1 N Street, South Omaha, Nebr. CHAS. ISRAEL & BROS. 488-490 Canal St,. New York Wholesale Dealers and Commission Merchants in Honey, BeesTta:*^, Maple Sugar and Syrup, Etc. Consignments solicited. Established 1875. American Butter & Cheese Co., 31-33 Griswold St., Detroit, Mich. Always in the market for choice comb honey. Write us. 202 THE BEE-KEFPERS' REVIEW THE CHARMS OUR SUMMER SEAS Spend your vacation on the Great Lakes, the most economical and enjoyable outing in America. WHERE YOU CAN GO Daily service is operated between Detroit and Cleveland, Detroit and Buffalo; four trips weekly between Toledo, Detroit. Mackinac Island and way ports; daily service between Toledo, Cleveland and Put-in-Bay. During July and August, two boats out of Cleveland and Detroit, every Saturday and Sunday night. A Cleveland to Mackinac special steamer will be operated two trips weekly from June tSth to September 10th. stopping only at Detroit every trip and Goderich, Ont., every other trip. Railroad Tickets Available on Steamers. Special Day Trips Between Detroit and Cleveland, During July and August. Send 2 cent stamp for Illustrated Pamphlet and Great Lakes Map. Address: L. G. Lewis, G. P. A., Detroit, Mich. Philip H. McMillan. Pres. A. A. Schantz. Gen'l Mgr. Detroit and Cleveland Navigation Company Tlie season has opened up more favorably, after all. than many beekeepers anticip-Tted. and many find themselves unprepared for the swarming period and honey-flow which is just before them. Extra hives just now mean almost a double output of honey, and we can get these hives to you at once. We have a large and complete slock of all kinds and combinations, and can fill your order th^ day it is received. If you are producing comb honey the Danzenbaker hive will give you most excellent satisfaction. Reports from large users of this hive show that with it a very large percent- age of fancy comb honey may be produced: and with a little extra protection it is an excellent wintering hive. ■d .\nothcr comb-honey hive that is very popular this season is the Buckey; double-wallcc hive. This is the new moveable-bottom pattern, and the double-wall feature offers protec- tion, not only in the winter, but at all seasons. This is particularly valuable in the early part of the season when sudden changes of temperature are apt to have disastrous results. For Ihe iiroduction of extracted honey there is no better hive than the regular ten- frame dovetailed pattern. This has been a standard for years, and will admit of a number of changes and combinations to suit local conditions and the season. We have also, of course, our usual stock of all other supplies, and can handle^ your order for any item listed in our catalog with our usual promptness and dispatch. We are better e(|uipped than any other dealer in this section to give special attention to hurry orders, and solicit a trial of our goods and our service. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. 2 1 46 Central Ave. Cincinnati, Ohio THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 203 IP BEES COULD TALK They Would Say : "GIVE as 'Dadant's Foundation' IT'S CLEAN, IT'S PURE, IT'S FRAGRANT, IT'S JUST LIKE THE COMB WE MAKE OURSELVES " If you are not using "DADANT'S FOUNDATION" drop us a card and we will give you prices or tell you where you can get it near you. DADANT & SONS, ^^1'.^^'^?: A. G. WOODMAN CO., Grand Rapids Agent for Michigan BINGHAM SMOKERS Insist on Old Reliable Bingham Bee Smokers; for sale by all dealers in bee-keepers' supplies. For over 30 years the standard in all "countries. The smoker with a valve in the bellows, direct draft, bent cap, inverted bellows and soot-burning device. Smoke Engine, 4-inch each $1.25; mail, $1.50 Doctor, 3^-inch each .85; mail, 1.10 Conquerer, 3-inch each .75; mail, 1.00 Little Wonder, 2-inch each .50; mail, .65 Honey Knife each .70 ; mail, .80 3Iainifacture«l only by A. G. WOODMAN CO., Graud Raiiid.s, Mirli. Protection Hive The best and lowest price hive on the market. This hive has % material in the outer wall, and is not cheaply made of ^ material like some other hives on the market. Send for circular showing 13 large illus- trations. It will pay you to investigate. A. G. WOODMAN CO., GRAND RAPIDS, MlCll. 204 THE BEE-KEEPERS REVIEW Milt P^^-P^^p^^ra' 3^$ii«ttt (ESTABLISHED 1888) OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION Office OF Pu BLicATiON - - - 230 Woodlan d Aven u e VOL. XXV. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, JUNE 1, 1912. No. 6. Breeding and Inbreeding Bees. D. STAD. MENHALL. -•Jl^ EAR MR. TYRRELL: I thank you for the ^larch Review- JZI/ it is just simply fine. I must tell Air. Howe how I would inbreed bees, at the same time first bringing out one or two other points that may be of interest to others. FOUNDATION FOK STSAIN OF BEES. Suppose I have only two colonies, one with a pure Italian queen, which we will call colony A, the other colony B, with a black queen that gave 200 pounds of honey, and I wish to establish an apiary combining the honey-gathering' traits of both colonies. In the spring I would feed them coiitinua'ly until a flow. Just as soon as possible I would give colony B two frames of drone comb and remove queen from colony A, allowing it to mature one queen cell (really ten — I say one because I think I will be better under- stood) in time to mate with drones from B. Note right here this virgin is capable of transmitting all the working traits — blood — of colony A. if she could lay worker eggs before mating, but after mating her workers will have only half the blood, etc., of colony A and half — not of colony B — ^but of drones from colony B, the father of which we know nothing of. but we do know positively that these drones can not transmit all the w^orking traits, etc., of colony B. Therefore, our queen might as well have mated with a drone in Africa so far as combining the working traits, etc., of both colonies. Parthenogenesis with a vengeance — mavbe ! (Truly a blessing in disguise for the bee-keeper, as I will show — 206 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW disguised because of our ignorance.) I dare say here is where Dr. Miller "falls down" in building up a non-swarming strain, and where we all do in trying to improve our bees. SETTING PARTHENOGENESIS ASIDE! Now just as soon as our hybrid queen is laying in colony A, we will give her two frames of drone comb and at the proper time remove the black queen from colony B, letting this colony mature ten queen cells to be distributed to as many nuclei to be mated with drones from hybrid queen in A. Remember, these drones are pure Italians, capable of trans- mitting all the working traits and blood of the Italian queen that gave us the original workers that stored 200 pounds, etc. Also, the same holds good with the ten black virgins, in regard to blood, etc., of colony B, that we mate to these drones, giving us ten nuclei whose queens positively have only the blood of the original two, colony A and B, combined. Colony A and B should now be broken up and their queens destroyed. Of course, the results would be the same if both colonies had been Italians. The real work of building up a good working strain of bees commences at this point and the bee-keeper that undertakes it should be thoroughly conversant with authoritative work on breed- ing and inbreeding. HOW TO IN-BREED BEES. \\"e w'ill use one colony this time. No. 1, with pure Italian queens. Remove the queen as soon as practical, taking good care of her, allowing the now queenless colony to mature one queen cell (more, of course, etc.) to be placed in nucleus to mate with any kind of a drone — it matters not — promptly returning the queen to the hive as soon as we remove the qtieen cells to nucleus, which we will call queen and hive No. 2. Now, we want drones, drones quick, from this newly mated queen No. 2, and if you think this a small problem, just try it! Could have made a drone layer of her in the beginning, but some question the advisability of this; so we will try the only plan I know — a plan I do not believe can be improved for the purpose it was intended, rapid increase, etc., or forcing a newly mated queen to lay drone eggs: Prepare a hive by placing a frame of empty worker comb or foundation in the center, a frame of hatching brood on each side, and on each side of hatching" brood a division board feeder, one filled with syrup and the other with damp sugar, placing our queen No. 2 and bees into this prepared hive. As soon as the middle frame is full of eggs and larvae, remove, placing another in its place. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 207 continuing to do this for at least two weeks. Astonishing the num- ber of eggs a queen will lay in a short time under the above conditions. We owe Air. Simmins a vote of thanks for this plan, which is fully explained by Mr. A. C. Miller, American Bee-Keeper (now suspended), 1908, page ITO. At the end of two weeks remove the feeders, fill hive with frames of hatching brood, placing two frames of drone comb in same and I assure you we will have drones. At the proper time remove queen from hive No. 1, allowing them to mature ten queen cells, distributing these cells to as many nuclei to be mated to drones from No. 2. The mother of these drones is not only a full-blooded sister to the ten virgins, blood for blood, so to speak, but her drones are of the same identical blood, as they are not affected by her mating, therefore, from man's stand- point of kinship, we are mating aunts to nephews, but. as an actual fact we are mating full blooded brothers and sisters — the same blood — inbreeding. If any doubt this is inbreeding, let them take one colony, faithfully follow the plan outlined for five bee generations only (three will do if he is a live bee-keeper), and if the bald-headed, lopsided, more or less hairless, wingless and weak-kneed queen, drones and workers do not convince him he is inbreeding and that Parthenogenesis is a blessing, I would like for him to explain what is wrong with these bees. On the Mississippi. How a Subscriber Will Test Mendelism This Season GEO. SHIBER. ^•JU'RIEXD TYRRELL: Perhaps the further discussion of the ir science of bee breeding from the standpoint of Mendel may make you ache, but during the past year I have been reading on the experiments of Mendel and I think it is going to be of benefit to bee-keepers. I was especially interested in the article by Dr. Ilonney in the January Review, as I have been making a study of the principles laid down, or rather proven by Alendel. Friend Bonney, so far in his article, seems not to believe that the bee is capable of further mutations (beelogically speaking) by reason of the fact that she is "highly specialized" — or may be we could leave oft' the word "highly" and come nearer his belief. If this be so, I do not agree with him, although I think facts will prove that the bee has reached a much higher specialized plane of development than most plants and animals. 208 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW ^^'hy are we in practical, everyday work in our apiaries occa- sionally running" across mutation or shall I call them freaks? Let me cite an instance: Last season I had a queen whose colony stored about seventy pounds of surplus, very much more than any other colony, and other things were equal. In my locality during 1911 that was an extra yield, for it was the poorest season I ever had, I think. Now what I want to ask is, was not this queen a case of mutation? Of course, it cannot be proven to a dead certainty, but don't it look a little that way? Well, I am going to prove this season, if I live, whether this queen is subject to the ]\Iendellian principle. I know queens are not as easily bred as garden peas, but barring parthenogenesis, I have in mind this program : About twenty queens were raised from this queen. A\'e will designate the mother queen as J and her daughter as J2x. The x equals their problematical mates. Xow then, if any of those T2x queens equal their mother, would it not be fair to conclude that in these queens, at least, there was a fixedness of the mutation prin- ciple? And then, further, the queens from those mothers (J2x). the daughters of which we will call J3x. should they show the same superiority as the old queen (J), would we not conclude that we had reached a higher specialized plane and that bees can be improved? This has been my notion of breeding for next year, and, of course, when I read the Bonney article I was all interest. I will confess, as we all know, that the drone mating is the "Kerosene in Aly CMaple Syrup." However, the only remedy is plenty of drones from the queen which comes the nearest to equalling J, and this D queen, I think, should be followed down as Dl. D2, etc.; this is the wa}^ I have the program mapped out. 1 can conceive of no other wav of fixing a characteristic where we have so many Xs to deal with (drones). Query: \\'ho will tell us how to control mating? Don't all speak at once. If bees were not highly specialized, we would, dur- ing the fifty years of queen-breeding in this country, have had a much better bee than we now have. But I believe that there is some room for further development. And it will take skill to reach that point because of the chance we run in getting the drone mating. If Alendel's principle applies to bees (and I tliiiik it does) this plan of breeding ought to show the best results as compared with other plans. AMien we have an extraordinary good storing colony, we, of course, want to preserve that quality in future generations. To continually select the best queen each year for a breeder, regardless of what her mother or grandmother has done. is. accord- THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 209 ing to Mendel principle, a mistake. A close study of the science of genetics will be, I am sure, of great benefit to bee-keepers. Randorph, N. Y. Fastening Foundation in the Sections. L. C. WHEELER. OF course, I have a foundation fastener. So have the most of you, at least those of you w^ho run for comb honey. But I wonder how the most of you have yours arranged. I've seen them fastened to the wall where one was compelled to stand up to work them. I would be tired out before I had worked half a day in that position. Others have them fastened to the wall in such a position that it allows them to sit down. This is better. But T don't like them fastened to a wall. I want them so I can move them at will according to the weather, etc. So I fastened mine to a bench, in such a manner that I can sit on the end of the bench to work it. 'With this arrangement I can move up to the stove when it is cold, and out by the door or window in hot weather. How fast can you put foundation in the sections? If you are not putting them in as fast as you have heard of others doing, per- haps it is because you have not caught on to all the tricks. I find that I can put them in just about as fast again as I could the first season I used the foundation fastener. This is because I have begun to catch onto the w^ay of doing it. I use a full sheet and bottom starter a la Miller, and for a long time the little pieces for the bottom bothered me quite a lot to put them in. Now I can put them in as fast as I can pick them up and make the motions. I grasp the piece of foundation in my right hand, between the thumb and fore- finger (see illustra- tion), and at the same time throw out the hot plate with the foot lever, drop a Foundation Fastener that is Movable. 210- THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW How to Hold the Bottom Starters. the foundation on this, following- it up with the thumb and finger, and at the same time bringing the thumb and finger of the left hand into play in the same manner at the other end of the founda- tion. Almost the instant the foundation touches the hot plate I release it with my foot and as it drops back out of the way the foundation drops to place and a slight pressure fixes it firmly. As I grasp the section to turn it over for the larger piece of foundation my two forefingers touch the section on the out sides about in the center, and as I draw it away from the block I release my hold with the other fingers and leave the section suspended between the ends of those two fingers. A slight touch of the long middle finger now will whirl it over and the whole operation hasn't taken a second of time, and you have the section in position for the large sheet of foundation. This is very easily put in, as you have plenty of room to grasp it and hold it while you are putting it in position. All this looks like a small matter to be talking about, but a very little time saved on each one will count for a lot when you are putting up thousands of sections each vear. Turning the Section. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 211 I have the supers at my left and as fast as I put in the founda- tion I set them in place in the super and when I get through the job is complete. ]\Iany will think it a waste of foundation to put in full sheets and bottom starts as I do, but I have tested it out pretty thoroughly the last few years and I find it pays me. It's not only that I get more hone}-, but I get so much more fancy honey. Barrvton, ^lich. Improvement of the Bee. E. S. MILES. ^^^ HiE above topic is one of the most important now confronting \Jj the bee-keeping fraternity in my humble opinion. Since I am an old personal acquaintance of Dr. Bonney, I hope he will pardon my reference to him. I will say for the enlightenment of the readers of the Review, that I lived for a long term of years only about five miles from the doctor, and now" live about twenty- five miles from him. I am glad to see that the doctor has modified his views some- what of late on this important question. A year or two ago he seemed quite certain that "bees were a highly specialized animal, and had about reached the limit of their development." It is gratifying to find out that our great college professors do not deny us common, ignorant chaps, the hope of a little ''modifica- tion" of the bee. Had the doctor's replies been otherwise than our own, (as we supposed) authorities on bees such as Doolittle, Miller, Hutchinson and Alexander, they would have found some of their laurels but willow branches after all, for they all teach that bees respond readily to careful selective breeding. A I.ITTI.I: FERSONAI. EXFISBIENCi:. Pardon a little personal experience, which I admit in advance has made me a little indifferent to opinions of learned theorists. Fourteen years ago I began breeding from a queen whose bees showed a greater variation in the direction of the qualities I wanted in bees of anything I had seen till that time. From that one colony, surrounded ever since with a lot of common bees, bred on good old Nature's own let alone plan, I have built up by selective breeding a couple of hundred colonies of bees that, for suret}- of crop, for hardiness and ability to take care of themselves, and for non- swarming qualities, are at least .50% better "than anything I have seen thus far in my bee-keeping experience. 212 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW BliE-KEEFING HIS SOZ.I: BUSINESS. In order to enable your readers to judge somewhat as to my competency to judge on bee matters, I will say that I have kept bees continuously for 19 years. For five years bee-keeping has been my sole occupation. And before that I kept over IG'O colonies in one yard for many years. This experience has proved to me that the bee varies a great deal in many ways, and is quite susceptible of improvement by selective breeding". I grant that not having direct control of the male parentage is a drawback. But what one cannot do directly is sometimes quite possible indirectly. And as Dr. Miller has said, we can control the drone parentage indirectly. It would seem to me that if such writers as my good friend, the Doctor of Buck Grove, would give some of his experiments and experiences, tell us how many colonies his experience covers, how extensive his investigation into the actual work of our American bee raisers and queen breeders has been, we would be better able to rightly weigh his conclusions. For this reason, ]\Ir. Editor, I write this open letter and hope this discussion will lead to more activity in breeding for improve- ment of our little industrious pets. Dunlop, Harrison County, Iowa. A Discussion of Those Picture Grading Rules. BY THE SUBSCRIBERS. {Continued from April.) ^-•Jj^ I RECTOR WILCOX, of Alauston, Wisconsin, in referring JB/ to the illustrations given at the head of the honey quota- tions column has this to say : "In looking at tlie illustration of the three grades of sections on page 155, I think the selections are just right, if we are to under- stand they are the poorest that can be admitted into the grades named." Another subscriber, Air. William Fritz, of Canastota, New York, believes that we should have a more complete description of the sections, which would include the weights. In writing to me about it, he says: "I would like to ask you to publish on page 85 of the January Review pictures of each grade of honey giving size of section, width and what each grade should weigh. Now we have Extra Fancy, Fancy, Numbers 1 and 2. Do all sections weigh alike in a case of 24, or do they vary from 12 ounces to 17 ounces per section? I am in the habit of grading all mv 12-ounce sections bv themselves, also THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 213 13, 13)/., 14, 14>^. 15, lojA, IG, 16>^, so that I know what is in each case of 24: of weight and color. Is this right and what would you do with honey that varies like the above? Having those pictures on page 35 will help one to grade his own honey."' The Colorado rules have been brought quite prominently to the front, and in many ways are. no doubt, the most thorough of anv we have. I have some times wondered if the rules were not so strict that they were a little unjust to the Colorado bee-keepers, for the reason that in some cases at least their Xumber 1 honey has been sold in the East by the buyer as Fancy and their Xumber 2 as Xumber 1. AA'hile this bespeaks much credit for the Colorado grading. I can see where it might be unjust to them, in selling a Xumber 1 honey at a Xumber 2 price. Following I am giving you the opinion of Air. Rauchfuss regarding the pictures. "Dear Sir: — Assuming that you wish us to answer questions contained in your letter of the .25th inst. regarding illustrations and specimen sections (on page 35 of Review), from standpoint of the honey dealer we want to say that the illustration of the fancy would be satisfactory to us if this represents the poorest of that grade and no section in that grade to weigh less than 13^ ounces. Honey, comb and cappings to be white. Your illustration of the X'^o. 1, is, according to our grading, nothing but a good, average Xo. 2 grade, for the reason that there are some uncapped cells along the top, besides the row next to the wood, and on the left side, near the middle, is a small projection on the cappings where evi- dently a brace had been built over to the separator. If a section of this finish is built between separators it will usually not come up to our standard of I31/2 ounces for X'^o. 1 grade. Illustration of X'o. 2 shows a section entirely too light for average trade: as far a:; we can judge by the illustration this section would not weigh more than 8 ounces. "The objection to the use of pictures to designate grades is that finish only can be shown, but not color. "We are thoroughly in favor with your eft'orts to get uniform grading rules established all over the country, if such a thing is possible, and standards should be adopted by supply manufacturers for tmiform, outside dimensions of shipping cases, to do away with the variation in length and height of the same style of cases, which is quite annoying in loading cars and stacking honey in warehouse, besides spoiling the looks of the goods. "According to our opinion one of the principal causes of the lack of interest shown hx dealers in the big cities to handle comb honey, is the lack of uniformity of this article, as packed by the majority of producers. The bee journals have not done as much 214 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW as they might to inform their readers as to the best methods of preparing the crop for market, and now is the time when this should be brought up. "To set the ball rolling, we are sending you herewith a copy of the grading rules and grading instructions that were adopted at the last annual meeting of the Colorado State Bee-Keepers' Associa- tion. You may publish these if you see fit and invite discussion. The underlying principle of these rules is, to secure the packing of sections of uniform color and as near uniform weight as possible in the higher grades. To have the lower grades of such weight and finish as will satisfy the dealer that caters to the masses with a popular priced article. To have all grades satisfactory, by packing nothing but good, saleable stock. ''Yours very truly, "The Colorado Honey Producers' Association, "Frank Rauchfuss, Manager." (Continued in July number.) Effective Method of Caring for Wax at Out- Apiaries. MATHILDE CANDLER. ' "Jl N my work, as I keep no horse, I am constantly confronted ^ with the problem of getting along without a means of con- venient transportation to and from the apiary. For myself, I use the cars ; but for moving honey and fixtures the freight is too high for such a short distance, and I would need to hire a team anyhow to transfer to and from the depot. It will not pay, usually, to hire a team to do much hauling of anything less than full loads, and I must keep the stufif that I wish to move from place to place until I get enough together to make up a load. In the matter of supplies and honey this is not so difficult, as I have a good shop and have a bee-tight honey-house at each apiary and, so far, have never been troubled by thievish or meddlesome intruders ; but the saving of wax and pieces of comb which accumu- late, and which contain more or less pollen, and keeping it from being destroyed by moths until I am able to move it is quite a trick. USES BOXES AND BARRi:i.S. All odds and ends of wax and comb are collected into boxes and barrels, having newspapers wrapped and tied around them. When the weather gets hot and mothworms are sure to appear, I pour carbon bisulphide, of which I always aim to keep a supply on THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 215 hand, over the top of the wax and close the barrels up tight. This is done several times during the busy part of the season and in this way I can keep it pretty w^ell until I have time to melt, or partially melt, it in order to reduce its bulk so 1 can send it home along wdth some other things that need hauling. At the end of the w^hite honey flow, after the comb honey has been taken home, the barrels of cappings and comb containing honey are tipped over on the honey-house floor and the door is left open for about a week. When 1 come agam at the end of that time everything is nice and dry, and the honey-house has been cleaned up of honey and stickiness. The cappings are put back to be melted in the winter and the rest of the wax and comb is melted up in a large tub over a blue flame oil stove. This does not require much looking after, except filling as the wax melts down, and can be done in between while I am doing something else. When all is melted it is dipped into gunny sacks and after all has drained out that will, these are hung up out in the air and sun and left until I can take them and the cakes of w'ax home. In winter I melt and remelt all w^ax and refuse that I have on hand, using a Hershiser press. As the wax rises it is dipped into a boiler set on the back of the stove, where it keeps liquid while it slowly settles and clarifies. Bee-keeping is largely a matter of little things, therefore a mention of my wax molds may not be too trivial, especially not to the busy Mrs. Bee-keeper wdiose dishes and pans have been called into use to serve as w^ax molds, and which require quite a little work to clean and scour for kitchen use again. CICrAB BOXES FOB WAX MOUI.DS. I use cigar boxes to mold the wax into cakes. All loose paper is first torn out and the box then dipped in cold water. A spoonful or two is left in the box, although this is really not necessary, as it alw^ays leaks out. A\'ax at the boiling point is too thin and will leak out like water; but leave it stand at the back of the stove for awhile and it becomes thicker, though remaining liquid, and when cold the wax brick can be readily turned out. The box can be filled eight or ten times. After that the wax is liable to stick to the middle of the bottom unless the spot, which has become waxy and will not take the water, is first thoroughl}^ scraped out. I prefer to throw the box away and use a new one. Yet I have spread a piece of paper, cut to fit and thoroughly damp- ened and pressed down over the bottom when it was waxy with good results. I think if the box were painted on the outside before using and loose paper on the inside pasted down with- paint, it w^ould last a lono- time. 216 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Any loose paper must ahvays l)e torn out before each using; otherwise this becomes imbedded in the hardened wax and makes it difficult to turn it out. The ordinary cigar-box forms a two-pound brick. By putting a piece of tin cut just the right size exactly in the middle after pour- ing in the wax, I can get cakes weighing as near an exact pound as it is possible to get it, I think. These wax molds are cheap, easily obtained, convenient, and save work and muss ; and the bricks are in an. ideal shape for packing for shipment. Cassville, Wis. [Just how to keep the vvax moths from eating up the pieces of comla at the out-apiary is something that no doubt at some time or other has been a pro1:)lem to all of us. The method given by Miss Candler is certainly ingenious and should accomplish the purpose desired.] Improved Wiring Gauge. E. F. ATWATER. '•l| N wiring our frames, we find that best results are secured by jl using fairly tight wires, so last winter I devised the wiring gauge shown in the cuts. There is a stop at one lower corner, and another narrow wedge- shaped stop comes just between two wire holes, at the same end of Atwater's Wiring Gauge. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 217 It "Springs In" the End Bars. the frame. At the opposite end is fixed a small furniture caster, and the distance between this caster and the wedge-shaped stop, at the other end, is o Ki inch less than the outside length of the frame. The frame is easily forced in place, by dropping one end against the stops, while the other rolls in past the caster, bending in the end-bars. The frame is then wired, and the little nails forced into the wood, while the frame is in the gauge, with a pair of pliers, with jaws bent to the proper angle, ^^'hen removed from the gauge, the end-bars spring in place, and the wires are as tight as could be desired. Others have also devised machines to "spring in" the end-bars, but so far as I have seen, they are comparatively complicated arrangements of springs and levers, while ours is as simple as it could be made and embody the necessary principles. The hole shown, below the caster, is to allow more finger-room to wind the end of the wire around the tack. Less time is required for the work, and the combs are decidedly better than before. Meridian. Idaho. [Springing in the end bars while putting in the wire in order to have the wire tight when completed is a new one to me. Friend Atwater says that the methods have been described before for doing this but 1 must confess I have never tried any of them. The plan outlined above looks practical to me.] 218 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Improving Your Bees While Producing Honey. GEO. B. HOWE. (Contitmed from May number J) iBut I found that queens started from the egg would live four years, or as long as swarm-cell queens. That one day as a zvorker- larvae, or two or three days counted a year in the usefulness of said queen. Who can tell the exact age of a larvae in all kinds of weather, more especially in the fall or when we have cold nights? I can guess and that is about all. I am not one who wants the easy method just because it is cheap, for it is mighty dear in the end. Then why not rear the very best queens we know how, for it is the foundation of our business. Take an old tough comb and put it in the center of your breed- ing queen colony. If the comb is clean she will soon lay what eggs you want in it for queens. Now we want a colony as near the condition of a colony that is about to swarm as possible, so we will prepare our colony for cell building. Take a' strong colony, a hybrid preferred, as you can get more and larger cells. Italians are not the best bees for queen rearing, I find. Now shake the bees ofif the combs of unsealed larvae. Don't leave an open cell. No, not one, for if you do you will have to look the combs over and destroy them before the cells are ripe or ready to distribute to nuclei. Take the queen away at the same time you do the unsealed larvae. Trade the combs of unsealed brood with other colonies. Now you have only removed one bee from that colony and that is the queen. And you have lots of hatching bees and no end of nurse bees. Unless there is a honey flow, put a feeder on and every night feed a pint of half honey and water. Honey is what you must have to raise good queens with. Sugar syrup zvill not do, and the thinned honey is better than undiluted honey. WHEnr TO PREPARE THE COLONY. You prepare this colony about six to twelve hours before the eggs are ready to hatch from that breeding queen. Now, then, there is no guesswork about the age of those larvae if you looked to see about when the breeding queen laid in the comb. You take out one of the combs in your prepared colony and put the comb as near the center of the broodnest as you can, or you could use a dummy in the cell building colony if you prefer. Now I find I can take the queen cells as the queen hatches out and with a little swab and warm water clean them very quickly and better than the bees will do for me. First I cut the cell down to about one-fourth of an inch of the wooden cell cups. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 219 Home Apiary of J. F. Burton, Vail, Iowa. In transferring our eggs or larvae I simply brush and shake the bees off and slip the comb under my coat to keep them nice and warm while going to and from my transferring room, for this room should be good and hot, lOO will do no harm. After we get our cells cleaned and ready we leave them where they are good and warm, going to our cell building colony after our young larvae about 24 hours after, or when the larvae are about 12 hours old. Now note how they have fed those larvae. They are just float- ing in royal jelly. Again, pick out the ones that have the most jelly and transfer them into your cell cups. You don't need any primed cell cups, you have a good big lot of royal jelly right where you want it. I use a quill to transfer with. A duck quill is the best. Scrape down the quill on one side real thin, cut off the other half with a sharp knife, scrape the end so when you shove it down to the bottom of the cell it will double up and pick about every bit of royal jelly out of the cell. I take a wooden toothpick and just slide the larvae and jelly into the center and bottom of cell. I use the Standard Langstroth frame, not a G frame, as the editor made me say. Now work as fast as you can and get those larvae back to the cell building colony as quick as you can. Don't forget to slip the frame of cells under your coat to keep them nice and warm. Don't be negligent. Now if you can get those cells into that hive before the nurse bees get into those cells to feed those larvae, you can do better than I can. If you have better success by letting the bees clean and shape the cells let them do it for you, as some claim 220 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW that the bees will not accept the wide-mouthed cells. I have no trotible that way. Thev generally accept every cell.' Do not give too many cells early and late, 12 to 15 are enough. In warm weather 23 to -10. but I rather not use over 30 at any time. For nuclei I want two frames of brood, bees and honey. In warm weather a small nuclei will do to mate queens with, but early and late in the sea- son too much chance for the cell to be chilled and that don't do your queens any good. VSH THi: WEST CEIiI. PROTECTOR. Now you want the West cell protectors, as you can slip tlie cells into them and stick the cell in the center of the comb and where the cluster is and above the frames tight to- gether and no harm is done the cell. .UziHiys handle the cells z'ery carefully when you are transferring the cells from the cell building colony to the nuclei. I use a small basket with something soft in the bottom to lay the cells on, also a warm cloth to cover them up to keep them warm and to shade them if there is a hot sun. Never set them in the hot sun. as it will not take long to ruin them. CAGIITG THE CEIiIiS. // you have to cage the cells (which I do not approve of), put three or four of the nurse bees that are caring for the cell in the cage with the cell. A queen bites the cap of her cell and sticks her tongue out for food, and the nurse bees feed her, and you will get more good queens with the nurse bees in the cage with her. She often kills one of the nurse bees as soon as she gets out of the cell. There should always be good candy in the cage for the nurse bees and queen. I hear some say why all that fussing. Now is it fussing? Do the breeders of cows neglect their calves? Well I should say not, or the poultry keeper his chicks ! He gives them the very best care and the best of feed, and develops them to the best of his ability. (Coiiiimied in July issue.) This Doesn't Look Like Inbreeding. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 221 Published Monthly E. B. TYRRELL, Managing Editor. Office — 230 W^oodland Ave., Detroit, Michigan. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post office at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1SV9. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Ha- waiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. Discontinuances — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. Advertising rates on application. EDITORIAL Get ready to send in your crop report just as soon as you receive the July Re\te\v. It will contain a report JDlank for that purpose. Just now, when the surplus is piling up on the hives, is a good time to get that "think tank" of yours started as to where, when and how vou are ooinor to sell that honev next fall. The Cause of European Foul Brood. Circular Xo. 157. issued May 10th, by the Bureau of Ento- mology, United States Department of Agriculture, and written by G. F. Whitem, Ph. D., treats of the cause and detection of European Foul Brood, and can be had by addressing the above department. The circular contains l(i pages and cover, G by 0 inches. It should be in the hands of every bee-keeper, as too much can not be known concernino- this dread disease. Western Honey Producers' Association Has Moved. The treasurer and Manager. \\'. P. Southworth, of Sioux City, Iowa, has written me that the Western Honey Producers' Associa- tion has moved its headquarters from Salix, Iowa, to Sioux City, Iowa. Mr. Southworth advises me that this company is composed of bee-keepers who have joined forces for mutual benefits. We are glad to report this progress on the part of the producers and wish them abundant success in their new quarters. 222 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW Chemical Analysis and Composition of Imported Honey From Cuba, Mexico and Haiti. A 24-page circular, with cover, was issued under the above heading by the Bureau of Chemistry, U. S. Department of Agri- culture, on April 29th, and can be had at five cents per copy. This bulletin is of a technical nature, and the bee-keeper who does not understand chemistry would not get very much information from it. Preventing Bee Stings, J. F. Alunday says in The Australasian Beekeeper that he has noticed that when he pulled up grass or weeds with his bare hands before opening a hive, the bees went for those hands with vigor. He doesn't do it now. He says he has found it best to work with bees with dry hands, as free from scent as possible. One exception is that he has found it beneficial to blow a little smoke from the smoker on his hands before manipulating a hive. Wintering Report for Canada. Provincial Apiarist Morley Petit, who is also our vice-presi- dent, is doing good work in Canada in getting statistics on the honey crop. He has just compiled a report concerning the winter- ing of bees in Canada. Blanks were sent to 1,680 bee-keepers. Nearly 1,000 replied, 125 of whom were out of the business. Total number of colonies reported by 844 bee-keepers for the fall of 1911 was 3,911, for May, 1912, was 2,628, this reaching a winter loss of 15'%. This is one per cent more than was reported one year ago. Mr. Petit believes that the loss in Canada is even heavier than the 15% above mentioned, realizing that a large number sent in no report at all. George W. York Goes West, "Wednesday, May 15th, will be our regular noonday luncheon. Mr, George W. York, one of our newly acquired citizens from Chicago, who for twenty years was editor of the American Bee Journal, will be our guest. Mr. York will tell us why he came to Bonner County to make his home. Bring your friends. The Sand- point Commercial Club, Eaton H. Edgerton, Sec." So reads a postal card from Sandpoint, Idaho, Avhich reached my desk recently. We are pleased to note this welcome being given our president. It will seem strange to think of Chicago as not being Mr. York's home. It will seem stranger still to think of the American Bee Journal without Mr. York as its editor. His efforts have been untiring in behalf of the bee-keepers, and he has been especially active in behalf of the National Bee-Keepers' Association. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 223 However, you are still our President, and we have you located and we shall expect to hear from you occasionally. The Review pages are open to you. V\e wish you the best success possible in your new home. New Postal Rules Concerning the Mailing of Queen Bees. Dr. E. F. Phillips, of AA ashington, has kindly favored me with a copy of the new ruling concerning the mailing of queen bees. This ruling should do much to prevent the spread of disease through the mailing of queens and bees from infected apiaries, and should be welcomed by the bee-keeping fraternity. It is quite safe to say that the disease is now present in many apiaries where it would not have been had it not been brought there through the mails. The ruling is as follows: Office of the Postmaster General^ Washington. May 3, 1912. Order No. 6242. Paragraph 7, Section 49'6, Postal Laws and Regulations, is amended by substituting for the first clause thereof the following: Queen bees and their attendant bees, when accompanied by a copy of a certificate of the current year from a state or government apiary inspector to the efifect that the apiary from which said queen bees are shipped is free from disease or by a copy of a statement by the bee-keeper made before a notary public or other ofificer having a seal that the honey used in making the candy used in the queen mailing cage has been diluted and boiled in a closed vessel. The American Bee Journal Has a New Owner. . A long time ago, probably 16 or 18 years. I wrote a question about upper entrances and sent it to the American Bee Journal. At that time the "bee-fever" was developing nicely, and I waited anxiously for the issue which would have the question and the reply. It came, and the answer was written by Mr. Dadant. Needless to say that was the most valued issue of the American Bee Journal I had ever received. I also felt very grateful to the man who would take the time to answer me, a mere beginner, and many trips did I take (in fancy) to Hamilton, 111. But I had to wait until the Minneapolis meeting of the National last fall before I came face to face with the one who answered my question, and it seemed to me like meeting an old acquaintance. Although our meeting was of necessity brief, yet the impression I carried away with me from Minneapolis was not at all unfavorable to Mr. Dadant. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW \\'lien I learned that Mr. York who, since 18S(j, has owned and edited the American Bcc Journal^ had decided to "go west, young- man, and grow up with the country," I could not help but feel delighted that the task of piloting the old ship had fallen into the hands of Mr. C. P. Dadant. His experience as a producer of honey by the carload will give him the eyes of a bee-keeper in looking at the bee-keeper's problems, while his wide experience as an apiacul- tural writer, both here and abroad, will enable him to "tell it in a way we can understand." Here's my hand. Brother Dadant. I can't help but feel that you are the right man in the right place. How to "Boil Down" Your Contributions. The Aincrican Bcc Journal for May contains a little editorial asking its subscribers to "boil down" what they write. This is one of the hardest things for a new^ writer to do. ^^'hen I first began writing, that advice used to stand over me like a club and was realh' an obstacle in getting my thoughts clearly expressed on paper. If I tried to write a short article the chances were that I would leave out a good man/ of the important details and still the article would contain considerable chaff. "Boiling down" does not necessarily mean shortening an article in the way some folks would understand it. Xo article is too long to publish, providing it contains something worth Avhile in everv para- graph, but not every long article is Avorth the space it occupies, and a short article, so far as space is concerned, may be too long to publish. The question then is, how to get your writings in such a shape that they will tell your story clearly and still use no more words than necessary. Let me tell you how" to do it. Sit down and w^-ite out the article without any thought of making it short. Tell your story in detail from beginning to end. Do not miss a single important point and never mind how many pages of paper you fill in writing it. Tell it as nearly as possible as you would tell it to a person with whom you were talking. Keep in mind at all times that the thing sought for is to give full particulars in such a way that your readers will understand them. Having written the article out in full, go back to the beginning and read it carefully. Take your pencil and cut out every unnecessary word or sentence. Do not cut out anything Avhich destroys the meaning, but chop out everything you can and still leave the meaning clear. When you get through you will be sur- prised at the amount you have cut out. Go over the article once more and change the sentences whercAcr possible where such change will shorten the sentence and still leave the meaning. After you {Continued on page 2j6) THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 225 Atib tta 1BrattrI|PS Officers. Directors. George W. York, Tresident Sandpoint. Ida. E. D. Towxsexd. ( iiainnan Remus, Mich. MoRLEY Pettit, N'ice-Pres. . .Guelph, Ont., Can. J. M. Buchaxax Franklin, Tenn. E. B. Tyrrell, Secretary Detroit, Mich. Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. 230 Woodland Ave. J. T.. Craxe Middlebury, Vt. X. E. Fraxce, Treas. Gen. Mgr., Plattville, Wis. F. Wilcox Mauston, Wis. N'aticnal Branches and Their Secretaries. Adirondack — H. E. Gray.. Fort Edwards, X.Y. X. Michigan — Ira D. Bartlett Colorado— Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. East Jordan, INIich. Chicago-Xorthwestern— L. C. Dadant.... Ohio— Prof. X. E. Shaw, Dept of Agr. . . Hamilton, 111. W " V •;; ' ^ t^ • -Columbus Ohio IDAHO-R. D. Bradshaw Xotus, Ida. ONT.^RIO-P. \\ . Hodgetts, Parliament BIdg . , r> , r- • ,- ij Ti, loronto, Unt., Can. Illinois— Jas. A. btone.. .Rt. 4, Springfield, 111. Oregon— H. Wilson Corvallis, Ore. Iowa— C. L. Pinney De Mars, Iowa. Pecos Valley— Henry C. Barron..^ Indiana — Walter Pouder, 859 Mass. Ave. . . Hagerman, Xew Mexico Indianapolis, Ind. Twin Falls — C. H. Stimson. .Twin Falls, Ida. MissoLRi — J. F. Diemer Lilaerty, Mo. Texxessee — T. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn. MiCHiGAX — E. B. Tyrrell, 230 Woodland \'ermoxt — P. E. Crane Middlebury, \'t. Ave., Detroit. Mich. Washington — T. B. Ramage MiNNESOT.\ — C. E. Palmer. 1024 Miss. St.. " Rt. 2, X. Yakima, Wash. St. Paul, Minn. Wiscoxsix — Gus Dittmer Augusta, Wis. Glass Packages for National Members. AA'e hope to have prices and descriptions of glass honey packages in time to give them to you in the July Re\'iew. As a feeler I might say that from present indications we \vill be able to get you half pound jelly glasses, packed in six dozen cases, at about 1.) cents per dozen. California State Association. This Association is endeavoring to get statistics on the honey crop by asking for reports from a number of the State Associations throughout the country. AMiile we appreciate this spirit of progress on the part of the bee-keepers, yet we cannot help but feel that if the California Association would join forces with the National the reports they will receive will l3e more valuable and more complete than what they can get personally. The Oregon National Branch. H. F. Wilson, of Corvallis, Oregon, who is the secretarv. advises me that the Oregon branch of the X. B. K. -\. has secured from the State Board of Agriculture space and funds for an exhibit of bees and bee products at their next state fair. They will also take an active interest in securing a new Foul Brood Bill. It seems that one passed the Legislature last year, but was vetoed bv the Gov- 226 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW ernor because it did not provide for funds for carrying out the work. Aly gracious, boys, don't ever do a tricl< like that again. Getting funds out of a Legislature is something like prosecuting a damage suit — you ask for $10,000 if you expect to get $1,000. Chairman Townsend Explains the Resolutions. In this issue you will read a series of resolutions relative to the policy of the National in regard to Local and State Associations other than National branches. It will be seen by this very liberal ofifer that the management is desirous that every association in America become a branch and have all the advantages offered by the National to its members, without a cent of expense, until the next annual meeting. The resolutions themselves explain the reason for the dispensa- tion of dues by the National management until the different asso- ciations meet again, when the matter of joining the National can then be taken up and decided upon as each association may see fit. Your attention is called to the clause in the resolutions provid- ing that where the association takes advantage of this dispensation rule, the members do not have to be subscribers' to the ofBcial organ, the Rfa'iew, but of course they miss the important notices, etc., if they are not subscribers. Again, I would call your attention to the fact that the dollar received for the Review a year is all the revenue we are receiving to manage this great National Association. Another fact, of minor importance. l)ut I will mention it, is that the whole management, both offfcers and directors, are work- ing for the Association absolutely free of charge. Of course the Managing Editor, who puts his whole time to the work, as would be expected, gets some pay. Let us talk about the constitution adopted at ^linneapolis last year. There are things about that constitution which need chang- ing to conform to the present work and plans. This can all be done by the delegates at their February meeting. Likely this dele- gates' meeting will be held late in the month, giving ample time for all associations to hold their annual meetings, before the Na- tional, and instruct their delegates in what is wanted along the line of bettering the features of the National. There are some associations like New York and California, where there is an association of associations. Some provision should be made in the National constitution, so that such associ- ations can be allowed to continue with the old constitutions and by-laws and still be National branches. Remember, you are cordially invited to take advantage of the liberal oft'er made possible l)y the dispensation rule referred to. and THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 227 we expect that by the time of your next annual meeting to have convinced you all that you cannot afford to stay out of the Na- tional from a dollar and cents viewpoint, and that you will all be with us during 1913. Six thousand strong by January 1st, 1914, is the slogan. E. D. TowxSEXD^ Chairman. Why Should the National Bee-Keepers' Association Buy the Bee-Keepers' Review? This is a question many will be asking at this time. All will doubtless admit that the usefulness of this organization will depend much upon the means at its disposal and economy of expenditure. But to have means it must have members. How shall they be secured? You may ask a member of a local branch to join the National organization and you may be met very promptly with the question : "What inducements have you to offer?" "Wliy, sir, you can attend the annual meeting and vote or elect a delegate to vote for you." "But that will cost me fifteen or twenty dollars. No. I guess not," "But, sir, you can get your tin cans for shipping your honey to market at cost." He replies that he does not produce extracted honey and tin cans, however cheap, will do him little good. "But, my dear sir," you add, "you can get the annual report." This is something of an inducement, but to very many bee-keepers it would seem rather high. Suppose you say that for $1.50 you can have all the advantages of your local organization and a good reliable journal, monthly, with the annual report thrown in, as well as the notices and items of information about the National organization with them with arrangements so you can save many times the cost of membership fee yearly in buying your yearly supplies, A few years ago I was asked to address the Connecticut Bee- Keepers' Association, ^^^^en I reached the hall I found the presi- dent engaged in dividing up large quantities of comb foundation into small lots. On inquiry, I was told how the Connecticut Asso- ciation could buy large quantities of foundation for much less than individuals could, and so when they came together they divided the foundation so each could get just the amount he wanted. Economy, in Conducting the Business of the Xational Association. — I notice in the last annual report of the National Bee-Keepers' Association that the largest bills were for printing and postage and mailing the annual report. Now I must confess I do not know very much about the publishing business, but it seems to me that 228 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW the annual report could be published and distributed for about one- third the present cost if we had a regular organ through which it could go to its members. A part of the report might be published in each number of the Review for a few months and give about as much as the average person would care to read at one time. I remember the New York Tribune, some fifty years ago, used to print the reports of the Xew York Farmers' Club, I believe it was called, and those reports interested me more at that time than any- thing else in the paper. Perhaps I am a little previous as the matter of printing- a report of the annual meeting has not even been mentioned among the directors that I am aware of. But some one will say that this is only an experiment and a rather costly one. Well, most new meth- ods of doing business are experiments. This has seemed to the directors an experiment worth trying. \\'e expect to succeed. We shall certainly try very hard to do so. J. E. Crane, Director, Middleburv, A^t. A Way for Your Association to Become a National Branch With- out Waiting for Your Next Annual Meeting. (The following resolutions are, in a measure, self-explanatory. They are needed in order to quickly organize the different branches without waiting for their next meeting. They are given you in response to many requests received at this office from Association officers asking how their Association can be treated as a branch until their next meeting, when formal action can be taken.) Whereas, It is the desire and object of the National Bee-Keep- ers' Association to unite the bee-keepers of the United States and Canada in one vast organization and to promote the organization and work of branches in every state and province ; and Whereas, The formation of a separate National branch in anx- state or province where a local bee-keepers' association is already established would necessarily conflict with the work of the associ- ation ; and Whereas, The majority of the state and provincial associations did not have an opportunity to thoroughly consider the National plans and take such action as was necessary to become a local branch at their last convention, due in some cases to the conven- tion being held before the new National constitution was adopted, and in other cases the work and plans of the National not being thorough!}' understood ; and Whereas, The National Association now having purchased the Bee-Keepers' Review, and having an official organ of their own, it THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 229 is desired that a National branch be established at once in each state and province ; therefore be it Rcsolz-cd. That the Directors of the National Association do hereby rule that it is our desire to give every local association an opportunity to become a National branch, wherever the state and provincial ofificers of the various associations will agree to act as officers of a National branch, with their meml^ers entitled to full benefits of the National, until their next regular meeting, when the matter is to be brought before their members for action. It is further Resolved, If in case favorable action is taken at the next meet- ing of any association, that association is henceforth to be consid- ered as a National branch, but in case they do not vote to become a National branch then this privilege above extended is to be imme- diately withdrawn and steps taken to form a National branch in that state or province. It is further Resolved, That all paid-up members in the said association where the officers agree to act as branch officers for the National, will be considered paid-up members in the National Association and entitled to full benefits. This, however, does not include a subscription to the National organ, in which the notices and reports are to be published and which in every case must be subscribed for in addition to the payment of the branch fees as provided above, where each member desires to be placed upon the subscription list and receive the Review regularly. It is understood that this sub- scription is not compulsory. Signed this 14th dav of Alav. 1913. The Rabbit Is Out of the Brush Heap. Sometimes I go hunting. \\'hen I do I quite often find in my travels a lot of rabbit tracks around a brush heap, and while I am not always successful, yet many times by climbing on top of that brush pile and tramping around, out pops the rabbit. I just knew there was a rabbit in that California brush heap. But the thing was to find him. My tramping around over it in the April number has started him, and the following letter from Harry Hill will show you what it is : Willows, Cal., April 21, IDM. Mr. E. B. Tyrrell, Sec. N. B. K..A., Detroit, Mich. Dear Sir. — In your April number you discuss the California sit- uation and I was impressed by the fact that you did not seem to be clearly informed as to the reasons why the California association withdrew. 230 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Now I wish to state before going farther that I do not belong to the state association, and was not at their convention when they withdrew, but the matter was thoroughly discussed at our Northern California Association convention, and I think the reasons are identical. As you probably know, there has been considerable activity among California bee-keepers of late with the idea of bringing the different associations in the state under one head and advancing our- selves generally in ways impossible in our present factional condition. In our Northern California convention I was so fortunate as to be one of the members of the committee appointed to meet with the delegates of the other associations present and act upon organiza- tion and legislation. It was in this committee meeting that the National Association received its hardest knocks. J. E. Walker, secretary of the Tulare County Association, (an organization, I believe, which represents more territory than its name implies), stated that the members of his association would not unite with the state association unless the National Association were stricken out. He stated that while he personally might be induced to join, that the remaining members would still be irrecon- cilable. Mr. Walker was supported by the other delegates from his association and elsewhere. Now, here was a real obstacle to forming a new state associa- tion on modern lines. The National had not been of much use anyway, and we were informed that they had withdrawn the legal protection that they originally gave the members — I have never as- certained the truth of this statement — so why retain it at the expense of a real state-wide association, able to meet our needs? Nor were their arguments without force. The Tulare Asso- ciation is organized on progressive principles, and among other things market their crops through their association, selling in car lots in the east. Here is where the shoe pinched. Certain men, very prominent in our National Association, it appears, are also large buyers, and use the power of the National Association to advance their own interests at the expense of the producers. Personally I have never come in contact with the eastern markets, selling to local leeches instead of national ones, so cannot verify their experience with my own, but am satisfied that they have a real and growing grievance which must be thrashed out before the National can be of much real service to the producer. I cannot explain their troubles as these men can, and do not intend to try. I write to give you an idea of how things are shaping here, and with the hope that you will get in touch with Mr. J. E. Walker, Tulare, Rural Route 1, Box 3, who can probably make their position much clearer to you. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 231 I am satisfied that the Northern California Association would have withdrawn had the matter been put to a vote, and certainly the delegates from the State Association were given to understand that if it withdrew it would be no bar to our becoming a part of it. As it was, the matter was laid over until our next meeting. Personally I would like to see the National x\ssociation develop into something useful to the producer, and would like to be a part of it if it were, which is a feeling that is probably held by most of the progressive bee-keepers of the state. It seems to me that as the interests of the producers and buyers are always opposed, that it would be better to limit the meml^ership of the buyers somewhat. Yours truly, ■■ HARRY K.HILL. Here we have it in a nut shell. The California bee-keepers be- lieve that the National is dominated and controlled by supply men and honey buyers. Right here let me say as secretary, that this same opinion holds in some other quarters. Don't blame you one bit for being opposed to it, if you entertain that belief. For how could a bee-keepers' association be successful if it was not run by the bee-keepers themselves? But I want to say to you that the supply men and honey buy- ers do not control or run the National. Not if 1 know anything about it. ]More than that, they have not attempted to, since I have been secretary, at least. If there ever was a time when the National was run by bee-keepers, now is that time. Quoting from the above letter we read : "Certain men very prominent in our National Association, it appears, are also large buyers, and use the power of the National Association to advance their own interests at the expense of the producers." Name them. Friend Hill. I want to know who they are. Not an officer or director buys honey to any extent, unless it is Director Crane, who buys to care for his personal trade. But he is a producer, every inch of him. and is standing up for the producers' interests. If there are any men guilty of the charges you mention, and you will help me locate them, I will give their names to the bee-keeping" world. "Personally, I have never come in contact with the eastern mar- kets, selling to local leeches instead of National ones." AMiat do you mean by that? Aren't your California Co-operative Associa- tions, especially the one you mention, reliable? Are they leeches? Are you one of the co-operators who doesn't co-operate? Surely not. Now then, boys, if the National is not right, get in and help us make it right. You can't remedy it from the outside. The more of vou fellows who are out. the more chance for those things being 232 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW done which you mention in your letter. I do not blame you for your position, believing as you do. I only blame you for not finding out the facts. Or, if I am hoodwinked and am being used for a "cat's paw" I want to know it. This is plain talk, but it means business. Some Letters I Have Received Regarding the Sale of the Review, Chicago, 111., May 9, 1912. Editor Bee- Keepers' Review, Detroit, Mich. Dear Sir : Enclosed herewith you should find cheque for the sum of $3 in payment of the bill you rendered on the 7th inst. for three months' and the remaining seven as noted on the bill. I also notice that the Review is novv' to belong to the National Bee-Keepers' Association. There can be no question as to the wisdom of this course so far as the association is concerned, and we can see that it is the nucleus for further consolidation. There are going to be the following classes in the commercial world — the producer, the manufacturer, the im- porter and a modified form of retailer. All other persons engaged in distribu- tion will be hirelings. Of course all are consumers. The young man of 25 years will see more changes in the ensuing half cen- tury than his grand-father now at 75 years has seen in the last 50 years — wonderful as they have been. A student reading Chairman Town- send's address can hear the sound of the coming army in its entire makeup. Very truly yours, R. A. Burnett & Co.. 173 S. Water St. Medina, Ohio, May 6, 1912. Mr. E. B. Tyrrell, Detroit, Mich. Dear Sir : Yours of May third has been received with regard to the trans- fer of the Bee-Keepp:r.s' Review to the National Bee-Keepers' Association. I heard in a roundabout way that such a move was under contemplation, but thought best not to say anything about it until I got direct confirmation from vou. I desire to assure you that the same cordial relations that have existed in the past will continue, so far as we are concerned and I know it will be so far as you are concerned. Ot course I do not know just what your new policies will be, but in any event Gleanings will endeavor to co-operate with you; that is, it hopes to offer a helping hand. Whether its competition will be strong- er under the new conditions or not would make no difference to us. Our attitude toward any journal that is trying to better the tause of bee-keep- ing in the United States should be friendly with the idea of the largest good to the largest number. I have prepared an editorial announc- ing the transfer of the American Bee Journal to Dadant & Son of Hamilton, Illinois, and the transfer of the Bee- Keepers' Review to the National Bee- Keepers' Association with you as managing editor. I think you will like what I have said. At all events, I feel sure it will not hurt you nor the cause of the National Bee-Keepers' Asso- ciation. Very truly yours, The a. I. Root Co., E. R. Root, Vice-President. Corvallis. Oregon, May 14, 1912. Mr. E. B. Tyrrell, Sec'y National Bee-Keepers' Association, 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. Dear Sir : "i'our letter of May 4th has just reached me, and I am heartily in accord with all it contains. The National Association having secured the Bee-Keepers' Review will, I be- lieve, be a great advancement in asso- ciation work. Very truly yours, H. F. Wilson. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 233 Hamilton, III, May 7, 1912. Friend Tyrrell : Yours to hand. No, it was not a surprise, for I had been informed of what was transpiring and although there was nothing positive, it looked so plausible that I expected it. 1 believe we can live side by side and help each other. You have seen my position at Minneapolis concerning the National and I propose to follow it up. You will see by the May number that I feel like urging all bee-keepers to join the National. I have no doubt that you will give us your support and be friendly. I wish to say that the A. B. J. is entirely independent of the firm of Dadant & Sons, in which I have not been active for seven years. With best wishes, I remain Yours truly, C. P. Dadant. Fort Edward, N. Y., May 12/12. Mr. E. B. Tyrrell, Detroit, Mich. Dear Secretary : The Adirondack Bee-Keepers' Association held its regu- lar spring meeting yesterday (Satur- day) and although it is now Sunday I feel anxious to tell you of the decision we came to in regard the National. As secretary, I did all I could to make matters perfectly clear to the members, using the letter from you, also the article in the Review. When it was brought to a vote, after first debating upon the matter, I had to record a unanimous vote in favor of staying with the National. Yours truly, H. E. Gray, Secretary. Swarthmore, Pa., May 25, 1912. Mr. E. B. Tyrrell: Dear Sir : I wish to congratulate you on turning the Review over to the National Association. The bee-keepers have long needed a bee journal de- voted to their interests alone. We should now make the Review the most powerful bee journal in the United States if not in the world. If there is any literature that I can enclose with my regular inquiries for catalogue will be pleased to send them out if you will provide same. Respectfully yours, Penn G. Snyder. Kno>:. Ind., 5/8/1912. Mr. E. B. Tyrrell, Detroit, Mich. Dear Secretary : Officers and direc- tors in the National Bee-Keepers' Asso- ciation are surely an inspiration to others or ought to be. They ^are house- hold words to bee-keepers.-' Yours truly, James ' Arnott. Columbus, Ohio, May 14, 1912. Mr. E. B. Tyrrell,' 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. Dear Sir : I am glad to have your letter of the 9th, and learn of the ex- cellent benefits oiTered to members of the National Bee-Keepers' Association. I feel sure that we will be able, under these inducements, to work up a very large membership in this state and would be very pleased to have a list of your Ohio subscribers. Together with the president of our association, I ex- pect to prepare a circular at once and begin a campaign for members. When it will not interfere with other duties, my apiary inspectors will talk membership. The Ohio Association at its last meeting passed a resolution favorable toward affiliation with the National Association. Any further in- formation that you can supply us will be appreciated. Yours very truly, N. E. Shaw, Secretary. New London, Conn., 5/9/'l912. E. B. Tyrrell, Managing Editor, 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. Dear Sir: Enclosed find postal money order for $1.00 being for one year's subscription to the Bee-Keepers' Review, beginning with the June num- ber. I have read your statement of the conditions influencing you in the sale of the Review to the National As- sociation, and the attitude of the direc- tors in the purchase of it. I am very much pleased and thi^i my first sub- scription is intended particularly to emphasize my endorsement of this action. Very truly yours, J. M. Graves. 234 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW THE POOREST SECTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT IN THE GRADE NAMED y **■ 9 t '^•^wiWi| NUMBER ONE NUMBER TWO HONEY QUOTATIONS With a heavj- winter loss sustained, and with the market now practically bare of good- honey as is evidenced by the reports below, the bee-keeper should be able to command a pretty good price for his honey this year. We should expect it to equal last year's prices at least. BOSTON — Fancy white comb honey 17c to 18c. Light amber 16c. Amber 15c. Fancy white extracted inc to lie. Light amber and amber e.xtracted Sc to 9c. Wa.x 30c. BL\KE LEE CO.. :May 20. 4 Chatham Row. DENVER — This market is entirely bare of good comb honey. Extracted honey in fair supply at following jobbing figures: White 9, light amber 8c. strained 6^ to lYzc. We pay 26c in cash and 28c in trade for clean vellow beeswax delivered here. THE COLORADO HONEY PRODUCERS' ASSN. May 21. F. Raushfuss, Manager. CINCINNATI— Market on comb honey is about cleaned up and practically no demand. E.xtracted honey has fallen otf considerably, fancy white table honey in 60-pound cans at 10 cents, light amber in 60-pound cans at 8 cents. Amber in barrels dYz cents and 7 cents according to quality. Beeswax fair demand at $33.00 per hundred. Above are selling prices, not what we are paving. Mav 21). C. H. W. WEBER CO. acter. A No. 1 to fancy comb is unobtainable and very little that will pass as No. 1 appears on sale. The prices for that are ranging from 15 to 16c. E.xtracted has not been selling in quantity lots and the prices for it range nom- inally the same as for some time past, being from Sc to 9c for the white, and 7 to 8c for the various kinds of amber. Beeswax has been in fair supply and brings from 30 to 32c per lb. according to color and cleanliness. Yours truly, Mav 20. R. A. BURNETT & CO. TOLEDO — At this writing there is little do- ing in honey. Comb is about cleaned up, white selling at 10 to 17c per lb.; very little to offer at any price. Extracted white clover sells in small way at 10c, light amber 8c. Beeswax is quiet with slock coming in freely and sells at from 30 to 32c. Mav 20. S. T. GRIGGS & CO. K.\.NS.\S CITY — No new comb honey on our market and no old comb in jobbers' hands. Some little extracted which we quote at 8c to 9c a lb. We quote beeswa.x at 25c to 28c a lb. Yours trulv. Mav 20. C. C. CLEMONS PRODUCE CO. CINCINNATI— The trade in honey during the past week has been of a very limited char- CINCINNATI— This market is now clean and bare of comb honey, and we are pleased to note this fact for it gives the consumer an op- portunity to refreshen his appetite for the big fine crop that is sure to come this season. The demand for extracted honey has slackened somewhat and we are awaiting the arrival of the new crop. We are selling amber honey in barrels at 6^c to 7^c a pound, and the finest quality at 8^ to 10c a pound, according to the quality and quantity purchased. For bright yellow, choice beeswax, we are paying 30c a lb. delivered here, in cash, and 2c a lb. more in trade; for darker grades than the above, we are paying 28c or 29c. THE FRED. W. MUTH CO. "The Busy Bee Men." Mav 22. 51 Walnut Street. NEW YORK — Since our last, there has been no material change in the condition of the honey market; we really have nothing new to report. It is rather early as yet for new crop from the South, it may be a couple of weeks longer before we will receive any. Some little lots of comb honey are still coming in and find ready sale at former prices. The market on extracted is very quiet, and prices have a down- ward tendency all along the line. New crop from the West Indies is now arriving quite freely, and no doubt shipments will increase in quantity as the season progresses. Beeswax steady at from 30c to 32c per pound, according to qualitv. Yours verv truly. May 20.' HILDRETH & SEGELKEN. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 235 Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your advertisement in this department. BEES AND QUEENS. Golden Italian Queens, Nuclei, and full colonies. See price-list in May Review, page 197. Isaac F. Tillinghast, Factory ville, Pa. For Sale. — Full colonies and nuclei. W. S. Frazeur, Stand 2.59, City Market, Indianapolis, Indiana. Our Queens will please you. C. W. Phelps & Son, Dealers in Beekeepers' supplies, Bing- hampton, N. Y. Colonies of Italian Bees in L. hives, 10- fr., full of stores — any time. Jos. Wallrath, Antioch, Cal. For Sale. — Bees, queens and supplies. Pure- blooded poultry and eggs, way below standard prices. A. M. Applegate, Reynoldsville, Pa. Nutmeg Italian Queens, after June 1, $1.00. Circular. A. W. Yates, 3 Chapman St., Hart- ford, Ct. Front Line Italian Queens, well bred and hardy. After June 1st, 6 for $4.50. Satis- faction guaranteed. J. B. Hollopeter, Pentz, Pa. Italian Queens. — Three band strain only. Tested $1.00 each; Untested $0.75; $7.00 per dozen. No disease. Send for price list. J. \V. K. Shaw & Co., Loreauville, La. Queens and Nuclei. — A strain of Italians developed for honey-gathering ability. My en- tire time has been given to them for 12 years. W. D. AcHORD, Fitzpatrick, Bullock Co., Ala. Choice Italian Queens, delivery beginning April 15. Untested, 75 cts. ; tested, $1.00. Ten years' experience in queen-rearing. Send your orders now. F. Hughes, Gillett, Ark. Queens. — Mott's strain of Italians and Car- niolans. Bees by pound, nuclei, len-page list free. Plans for Introducing Queens, 15 cts.; How to Increase, 15 cts.; both, 25 cts. E. E. MoTT, Glenwood, Mich. Italian and Carnolan Queens — Nucleus and full colonies; bees bj' the pound; apiaries in- spected for brood diseases; bee supplies; write for circular. Frank M. Keith, S3>4 Florence St., Worcester, Mass. Bees and Queens — Italian Queens at 75c, $8.00 a dozen" tested $1.00, $"l0.00 a dozen, Cyprians, Carniolians, Caucasians or Banats at $1.00. tested $1.25; 2-5 gal. cans. 5Sc; 1 lb. bottles, $3.75 per gross; bees, supplies and honey. Walter C. Morris, 74 Cortlandt St., New York City. Northern Bred Hardy Queens of Moore's strain of Italians ready the last of June; un- tested, $1.00 each; 5 for $6.00; 12 for $9.00. Orders filed and filled in turn. P. B. Ramer, Harmony, Minn. N'ermont Queens .^nd Bees — Three-banded Italian-Howe strain crossed with best honey gatherers I ever owned. $1.00, untested; 6 for $5.00; nuclei, $1.00 per frame. Add price of queen. H. William Scott, Barre, \'ermont. Golden Italian Queens that produce golden bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each $1, six $5; tested $2. J. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. Finest Quality of 3 band Italian queen, reared in the 59th latitude. Tested: Tune, $3.00; July, $2.50; Aug., $2.00. Breeder: June, $6.00; July, $5.00; Aug., $4.00. Doz., 25% discount. Alexander Lundgren, 12 Tomte- bogatan, Stockholm, Sweden. For Sale. — Moore's strain and golden Italian queens, untested, $1.00; six, $5.00; twelve, $9.00. Carniolan, Banat, and Caucasian queens, select, $1.25; six, $6.00; twelve, $10.00. Tested, any kind, $1.50; six, $8.00. Choice breeders, $3.00. Circular free. W. H. Rails, Orange, Cal. Golden Queens. — Very gentle, very hardy, and great surplus gatherers. Untested, five and six band, $1.00; select tested, $3.00; also nuclei and full colonies. Send for circular and price list to Geo. M. Steele, 30 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, Pa. If you wish the best of untested three- banded Italian queens send us your orders — 75 cents each, $S.00 per dozen. Safe arrival and satisfaction. No order too small nor too large to receive our prompt attention. The Golden Rule Bee Co., Rt. 1, Box 103, River- side, Cal. Golden and 3-Banded Italians. — lested, $1 each. 3 (queens $2.75; 6 or more, 85c each. Untested, 75c each; 3 queens, $2; 6 or more, 65c each. Bees per pound, $1. Nuclei, per frame, $1.25. (No disease here.) C. B. Bankston, Buffalo, Texas. Quirin's famous improved Italian queens, nuclei, colonies, and bees by the pound, ready in May. Our stock is northern-bred and hardy; five yards wintered on summer stands in 1908 and 1909 without a single loss. For prices, send for circular. Quirin-the-Queen- Breeder, Bellevue, O. Our Golden Italian Queens produce the brightest and gentlest golden bees that we ever had; great honey-gatherers, and not bad rob- bers. Our three-hand are the best of their kind. Price of either, untested. $1.00; tested, $2.00; breeders, $3.00. We will make a very low price later in the season. C. W. Phelps & Sox, Dealers in beekeepers' supplies, Bing- hampton, N. Y. You get best RESULTS from our Classified Liner Columns. — Try them. 236 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW HONEV AND WAX. I WANT comb honey, white or light amber, at once. O. N. Baldwin, Baxter Springs, Kansas. Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey, and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 W. S. Water St., Chicago. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. ' HiLDRETH & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. Honey Cans for Sale — 5-gallon, 60-lb., square, screw top cans, used only once; good as new; in crates; send quick best cash offer; any number delivered. Hilltop Pure Food Co., Ltd., Pittsburgh, Pa. Selling Out. — Danzenbaker hives and su- pers, new and second hand; also bees in either dovetailed or Danzenbaker hives. S-frame dovetailed hives, including Italian queen and bees $4.00 each. 10-frame Danzenbaker or dovetailed hives, including Italian queen and bees, $5.00 each. Reason, other large interests consume my time. R. B. Chipman, Clifton Heights, Del. Co., Pa. MISCEI^I^ANEOVS. For Sale — 1 Yz h. p. Associated Mfg. Co.'s gasoiine-engine in good condition; $20.00 takes it. M. C. SiLSBEE, Rt. 3, Cohocton, N. V. Rubber Stamps made to order. Breeder of Leghorns, W. Wyandotts. Jeff ^L^comber, Gaylord, ^lich. Wanted — Second-hand honey extractor, ilust be cheap. Bee-Keeper, 1831 Fremont Ave., Dubuque, Iowa. In Florida. — Root supplies. Save transpor- tation. Free catalog. G. F. Stanton, Buck- ingham, Fla. For Sale. — Second hand 8-frame hives, sec- tions, shipping cases, (iO-lb. cans, brood combs, foundation and wa.x, cheap. O. N. B.\ldvvin, Baxter Springs, Kansas. Wanted — Every bee-keeper to try a Boyum foundation fastener. See adv. on page 1G3 May issue or send for circulars. Address, The BoYUM Api.\ries Co., Rushford, Minn., U. S. A. For Sale. — Vogeler process comb founda- tion, 10 frame redwood hive bodies 2oc each, and poultry supplies. J. Stansfield, Fruitvale, Calif. For Sale. — A full line of bee-keepers' sup- plies; also Italian bees and honey a specialty. Write for catalog and particulars. The Penn Co., Penn, Miss. (Successor to J. M. Jenkins.) For Sale. — Empty second-hand 60-lb. cans, as good as new, two cans to a case, at 25 cts. per case. C. H. W. Weber & Co., Cincinnati, O. Penna. Bee Keepers: Having bought supply business of Geo. H. Rea, can furnish complete line of Roots goods. Full car just in; catalog free. Thos. H. Litz, Osceola Mills, Pa. For Sale. — A brand-new Kenmore automo- bile, used only for demonstrating. Can be used for delivery or pleasure car. Will sell at a bar- gain. Louis Werner, Edwardsville, 111. REAIi ESTATE. Wanted. — House on 3 acres in good locality for bee-keeping, North-west Michigan preferred. Cash transaction. Address with full particu- lars. L. BiGELOw, Box 273, Renfrew, Ontario. For Rent. — 160-acre ranch with 35 stands of bees, 25 head of horses, and 10 milk cows. All fenced, good water and near school. James J. Cook, Real Ettate, Whiterocks, Utah. FOUIiTBV. Sicilian Buttercups — Eggs for hatching; circular free. D. S. Durall, Hurdland, Mo. Partridge Wyandottes. — Adapted to any climate; eggs and stock for sale. C. M. Myers, Winchester, Ind. Indian Runner Ducks, dark fawn, hardy, great foragers, heavy layers, pure white eggs 15 for $1.00; 100, $5.00. Wm. Stumm, Edin- burg. 111. Pigeons! Pigeons! — Thousands in all leading varieties at lowest prices. Squab-breeding stock our specialty; 17 years' experience. Illustrated matter free. Providence Squab Co., Provi- dence, R. I. Prize-winning S. C. R. I. Reds, thorough- bred White Orpington, Barred Plymouth Rocks, Indian Runner ducks, fawn and white; white egg strain; eggs. Day old ducks. David M. Ha.mmond, Woodside Poultry Yards, Rt. 5, Cortland, N. Y. Real Bargains — In stock 2-lb. pullets, chicks, eggs; heavy laving barred rocVs, S. C. R. I. Reds, S. C. White Leghorns, Pekin Ducks; the kind we all want; don't go on a strike all winter; catalog free. Crystal Spring Farm, Rt. 2, Lititz, Pa. Eggs— From Houdans, Buff P. Rocks, White Wyandottes, Buff and Black Orpingtons, Buff Leghorns, R. C. B. Leghorns, R. I. Reds; eggs $1.50 per 15, $2.75 per 30, $4.00 per 45: Bronze Turkeys' eggs, $2.50 per 11, $4.50 per 22. Address A. F. Firestone, Broadwell, Ohio, Athens Co. How to "Boil Down" Your Contributions. (Continued from page 224.) have done all this, re-write your article and you will be surprised how much vou have shortened the article and still have not taken a single thins of value from it. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 237 BEE-KEEPERS Look up your stock at once and .semi me a list of the supplies you need. 1 have a large stock to draw from to handle your orders for Hives. Sections, Com'b Foundation, etc.; standard goods witli latest improvements fresli from the factory at factory schedule of prices. 1 have a general line of Roct'.s Goods constantly on liand. My facili- tie-! for serving you are unequalled. Beeswax taken in exchange for sup- plies or tash. Italian Bees and Queens Be SLire you have niy lltli' Catalog of Bees. Queens and Supi)lies. EARIi M. NICHOIiS, Iiyonsville, Mass. Why Not Have a Good Light? Here It Is! Bright, Powerl'ul, Economical, Odorless, Smokeless. Every one guaranteed. The Lamp to READ, WRITE and WORK by. Indis- pensable in your home. If your dealer hasn't got thein, send his name and address and your name and address and we will mail as many as you want at 2.5c each. AGENTS WANTED EVERY- WM KRK. THE STEEL MANTLE LIGHT CO. ■.i-.^i Huron St.. Toledo. O. Medium red, large red, alfalfa. Sweet clo- ver and grass seeds in general; also SEED CORN Several varieties and tlioroughbred. Write for prices and catalog apiary supplies. All seeds of high purity. F. A. SIVEI.I,. Carroll Co. Milleilseville, III. Bargains in Bee Supplies. The recent death of James Ileddon leaves us with a large amount of Bee Fixtures and Supplies of almost every description, which will be sold at a great sacrifice. Write us for inventory and write at once, as these goods will not last long at the prices we are closing them out at. JAMES HEDDON'S SONS, Do^va^cinc. 3Iiclii^an. THE SWARTHMORE APIARIES The late E. L. Pratt's Celebrated Gentil GOLDEN ALL OVER QUEENS PEDIGREED PENN G. SNYDER, State Apiary lospeclor Rear Your Own Queens. Send vour address and learn IIOW TO COMIHNE TMK REST FEATURES OF ALL S^'STEMS, or send .50 cents for EUREKA LARX'A TRANSPLAN'lER and full .lirec- ticr,-^. Satisfaction guaranteed. MARK W. MOE, 1714 Exposition Ave., Denver, Colo. 'Grig-gs Saves yoii Preiglit." TOLEDO For me! Is every bee-man"s guide when he wishes goods quick. Big stock Root's goods ready to shi)! same day order is received. Wholesale prices on Chick Feed, Beef Sciaji, ("irit. Shells, etc. Honey and Beeswax wanted. Catalogue Free. S. J. GRIGGS & CO. 26 N. Erie St. W. H. Laws will be ready to take care of your queen orders, whether large or small, the coming season. Twenty-five years of careful breed- ing brings Laws' queens above the usual standard; better let us book your orders now. Tested queens in March; untested, after April 1st. About 50 first-class breeding- queens ready at any date. Prices: Tested, $1.25; 5 for $5.00; Breed- ers, each $5.00. Address W. H. Laivs, Beeville, Texas. USE THIS COUPON M. H. HINT & SON (;eneral Agents for Root's Goods Lansing, Mich. Dear Sirs: — Please quote me your prices on the at- tached list of bee supplies 1 need. Also send me your G4-page catalog, and a complimentary copy of "The Bee Keeper and The Fruit Grower." Name . Addre-ss. R. 1!. Chipman of Clifton Heights, Pa., a well-known bee-keeper of Delaware Cou.ity. Pa., owing to his wife's death, is breaking up his home and disposing of his bees. His stock of queens came from the late Pratt's "golden all over" queens of Swarthmore, Pa. He has, also, Danzenbaker and Dovetailed liives and supers with good Italian stock. S-frame colonies, $4.00; 10-frame, $5.00. 238 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW SATISFACTORY RESULTS Will be obtained by using MANU- FACTURED COMB FOUNDATION, which embodies PURITY, TOUGH- NESS, TRANSPARENCY, COLOR and the PURE BEES WAX ODOR of the NATURAL COMB as made by the HONEY BEE. SUCH IS THE DITTMER PROCESS COMB FOUNDATION Send for Samples. All other Bee Keepers' Supplies at prices you will appreciate. We will be pleased to send you our 1912 Catalog, for the asking. Gus Dittmer Co, Augusta, Wisconsin. PORTER BEE ESCAPE SAVES TIME HONEY MONEY 15o each, $1.05 bz:th & si:gi:i.ki:n 265-267 Greenwich St., New York, N. Y. Established in 1878 Itulisu C'liiiciiMiiin I will sell a limited number of one, two and three-frame nuclei this coming season. "The best bees on earth," broad statement but never- theless true. 100% wintered. By the way, I am breeding queens in Houston Heights, Texas, as well as here in Michigan. All apiaries isol- ated. Prices right, and sent free. A. D. D. WOOD Kox <;i, I.aiisiiiK', ]>Iich. Ko.\ X'2, lloii.stou Heig'lit.s, T('.A:a.s. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 239 MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best young bassvvood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. RUSH orders for ^^ falcon ft o lb. 5(1 lb. 5 lb. j(i lb. BEE SUPPLIES fjiiick price-list. iiKKi lieeway sectimis $.5.50, .5M, $23.7.5 Plain sections 2.5c per M less. per lb. light s.clion foundation ... iJ4c light section foundation .. .;5i)c Medium brood foundation ,57c Medium brood foundation .52c ]()il Hoffman brood frames $3.00. 10 No. 14 1-story Dtd. Hives, Cover, 10 No. 14 1-story Dtd. Hives, cover, bottom, body and frames, 8- frame $13. .50, 10-frame $15.00. Dovetailed supers with inside fix- tures but no sections or starters, 8- frame, 5, $2.50; 10, $4.80; 10-frame, 5, $2.75; 10, $5.30. Condensed Rush Order directions, sections and supers — Give dimensions of s;ctions. Hives and supers, state whether S-frame or Ifl-frame. Order any article not mentioned, send money and we will even up with foundation. The best price will be given for every article with the "FAL- CON" guarantee of satisfaction. W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO. Il'hcre the good bcc-hives come from. Factory, Falconer, N. Y. o Look for the r Control Swarmings. 20th Century • Control mis - mating of queens. Invention in Trap out the drones. Ventilate the hive. this space next Stop robbing. issue. All done as easy as it is said \vith the SCHATvl [U I NVENTION Liverpool, N. Y. 240 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW When You Buy Lewis Beeware You Get... LKWIS Q,UAI>ITY — Which means that all Lewis Hives are made out of elcar white pine, and l>ewis sections made out of fine bright basswood. The material in these goods is the best obtainable and selected by experts. LKWIS WORKMAIVSHIP — The Lewis factory is ecpiipped with the latest improved machinery constantly watched over by experts. The I^ewis head mechanic has had thirty-five years of bee supply experience, the superintendent of bee hive de- partment twenty-nine years, the superintendent of sections twenty-eight years. These and many other skilled men have a hand in all the Lewis goods you buy. LKWIS PACKIXG — All Lewis Beeware is carefully and accurately packed — a patent woven w'ood and w-ire package made only by the Lewis Company, is employed largely in packing — this makes the package light, compact and damage-proof. LiEWIS SERVICE — Years ago all goods were shipped direct from the factory with attending high freight rates and delays during the honey season — now Lewis Bee- ware can be obtained almost at your own door. Over thirty distributing houses carrying Lewis Beeware by the carload are dotted all over the Lhiited States and foreign countries. Write for the name of the one nearest you. G. B. LEWIS COMPANY Manufacturers of Beeware WATERTOWN, WIS. Make Your Own Hives Ree Keepers will save money by using our Foot " SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue "' W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford, Illinois. "If goods are wanted quick, send to Poudcr." BEE SUPPLIES Standard hives with latest improvements. Danzen- baker Hives, Sections, Foundation, Extractors, Smokers, in fact everything used about the bees. JMy equipment, my stock of goods, the quality of my goods and my shipping facilities cannot be excelled. PAPER HONEY JARS For extracted honey. Afade of heavy paper and paraffine coated, with tight seal. Every honey producer will be interested. A descriptive circular free. Finest white clover honey on hand at all times. I buy beeswax. Catalog of supplies free. WALTER S. POUDER, Indianapolis, Ind. 859 Massachusetts Avenue. The National Bee -Keepers' Association .WILL FURNISH YOU Quality Cans At Wholesale Prices. Standard Sizes. Here we are with a standard can. Something you have never had before. Of course, you had .sixty- pound cans, but did you ever know what size those cans would be, what weight of tin they were made of, or what kind of a box they would be placed in for shipment? Of course, you didn't. You simply had to order sixty-pound cans and take what you got. Sometimes you did not get a very good can. Some- times the box was not strong enough to stand ship- ment without breakage. Sometimes you paid a big price for those cheap cans in the loss of honey you sustained through leakage. All Cans are carefully soldered and tested with compressed air under water to prevent the possible shipment of leakers. Weight of Tin used on above Cans to be not less than 100 lbs. per base box of 112 sheets 14 x 20 inches. NOTE THE INNER SEAL Under the present pure food laws, if you ship your honey from one State to another, you must guarantee its purity. With nothing but a screw cap on your cans, how do you know your honey would not be tampered with after it left you and before it reached the buyer? We are furnishing you this year a can having an inner seal. This inner seal costs you nothing extra and can be used or not. If used, it does not interfere with the regular screw cap, but when once in place it cannot be removed without destroying it. This prevents your honey being tampered with without detection, for, of course, after the inner seal is destroyed the buyer will know it is not as it left you. This certainly is an important con- sideration, and is furnished free on all cans ordered through the National Association. Send for circular giving prices, freight rates and full description to The NATIONAIi BEE-KEEFESS' ASSOCIATION, 230 WOOSI^AITD AVE., DETROIT, IVIICHiaAN -es 3o ROOT'S BEEKEEPERS SUPPLIES You may have a catalog of supplies; but if you haven't ours for 1912 you have missed something really worth while, and should get one at once. It is the largest and most complete ever published — more than a mere price list of supplies — a book that every beekeeper can read with pleasure and profit. Beginners will find answers to many perplexing questions, and ad- vanced beekeepers timely suggestions that will save them money. Old customers are writing us frequently letters like the following: Your catalog for 1912, designated ROOT'S BEEKEEPERS' SUPPLIES, is received, and I certainly thank you for this book. I have had your catalog on my desk for years, and have used Root's supplies all along. I note the enlargement and improve- ment in your new catalog, and notice many things I expect to add to my apiary. Crystal City, Texas. C. W. Cox. Our catalog this season also gives a full and complete list of books and booklets which we can supply. Many of these booklets are free, which doesn't mean that they are not worth read- ing, but simply that we want you to be informed on the subjects of which they treat. Send for a catalog, and check those in which you are interested. Quick Deliveries Next to having the best goods made, there is nothing so important to the beekeeper in the busy season as to have goods delivered just when they are wanted most. It isn't always possible to ship goods from a distant factory and have them reach destination within a day or two, as is sometimes necessary during the height of the season, but with distributing-houses located in the large shipping-centers we are able to supply beekeepers everywhere, with no loss of time and with minimum transportation charges. Send Your Hurry Orders to any one of the offices listed below, and let us show you what we can do for you in point of service. Cars are going to these branches at the rate of two or three a week, so the stocks are new and fresh, and we usually have just what you want. If it isn't in stock at your nearest branch our manager will include your order with his specifications and you may have your goods come in the next car, thereby saving on transportation charges and getting the goods in better shape than you would by local freight. Whatever Your Wants we can supply you, and, of course, there is no question about the quality of our goods. The name "ROOT" in connection with bee-supplies means the best of every thing in this line, and the best is always the cheapest, as our customers will testify. If you have never used our supplies you should make a trial of them this season. Once used, we are sure you will want no other. I have just received my goods, order No. 10,739. I am more than pleased with them. I had intended to make my hives, but when I received the sample hive and saw the No. 1 pine lumber from which it was made, and considering the workmanship, I am satisfied I can buy cheaper than I can make them; enough cheaper to save the price of the lumber. O. C. Mills, Barton Ldg., Vt. BRANCH OFFICES New York, 139-141 Franklin St. Chicag-o, 213-231 Institute Place Fliiladelphia, 8-10 Vine St. Des Moines, 565 W. Seventh St. St. Paul, 1024 Mississippi St. Syracuse, 1631 Genesee St. Washing'ton, IICO Maryland Ave. S-'W. Mechanic Falls, Maine Distributing' Depots in Many Iiarg'e Centers The A. I. Root Company Executive Offices and Factory MEDINA, OHIO THE CHAS. F, MAY CO., PRINTCBS, DETROIT, M ICH. Published MonthJt[ wMmmmM JULY 1912 ▼" 'v ▼ DfTROIT MICHIGAN ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR This Big Touring Car $1600 Completely Equipped A Classy big" car — that will fairly fly over the roads. De- signed for the utmost comfort and attractiveness. Five passeng'er capacity. SEIiF-STABTER, TOO. ^ The special features of the Cartercar make this the best popular priced touring car value on the market. It has the patented Friction Transmission which makes it far superior to any gear driven car from an efficiency standpoint. It will climb a 50% grade — has any number of speeds — one lever control — no jerks or jars — and without the usual gears. ^ Four other excellent models. They are every one lead- ers in their class. Full floating rear axle, valve encased motor, three quarter rear elliptic springs, and all modern ideas. Let us send you catalog. Cartercar Company Pontiac, Michigan BRANCHES: NEW VOBK, CHICACrO, DETROIT, KANSAS CZT-S-. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 241 Perfection in Wax Rendering HAS BEEN REACHED BY OUR PROCESS. Ship Us Your Old Comb and Cappings And Secure Highest Returns. Write for prices and full information. THE FRED W. MUTH CO. " The Busy Bee Men " 51 Walnut St. CINCINNATI, O. Comb and Extracted Honey Wanted. White Comb Honey Fancy and No. 1. We Need Large Quantities and Can Use Yours WRITE US American Butter & Cheese Co. 31-33 Griswold St. Detroit, Mich. 242 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW the: coast line CiTYorD, "^tr,, ■°l>ll DETROIT CLEVELAND BUFFALO NIAGARA FALLS TOLEDO PT. HURON GODERICH ALPENA ST.ICNACE THE CHARMS OF OUR SUMMER SEAS Spend your vacation on the Great Lakes, the most economical and enjoyable outing in America, WHERE YOU CAN GO Daily service is operated between Detroit and Cleveland, Detroit and Buffalo; four trips weekly between Toledo, Detroit, Mackinac Island and way ports; daily service between Toledo, Cleveland and Put-in-Bay. During July and August, two boats out of Cleveland and Detroit, every Saturday and Sunday night. A Cleveland to Mackinac special steamer will be operated two trips weekly from June 15th to September 10th, stopping only at Detroit every trip and Goderich, Ont., every other trip. Railroad Tickets Available on Steamers. Special Day Trips Between Detroit and Cleveland, During July and August. Send 2 cent stamp for Illustrated Pamphlet and Great Lakes Map. Address: L. G. Lewis, G. P. A., Detroit, Mich. Philip H. McMillan, Pres. A. A. Schantz, Gen'l Mgr, Detroit and Cleveland Navigation Company r^c^^v^^^^rv^^c^c^^^^^^c^:^^^^:^-^^v'v^ I. Schantz, Gen'l Mgr. '' , ipany K Special Delivery During this month we shall double our usual efforts in points of delivery and service. Early indications not having been most favorable, it is possible many beekeepers will not liave laid in a sufficient stock of supplies, such as sections and foundation, for the clover and basswood this m.onth. We are prepared to make up for this oversight by having a large stock of both sections and foundations on hand for instant delivery. We carry nothing but the Root make, which insures the best quality of everything. We sell at factory prices, thereby insuring a uniform rate to everyone. The saving on transportation charges from Cincinnati to points south of us will mean quite an item to beekeepers in this territory. We are so located that we can make immediate shipment of any order the day it is received. Honey and Wax If you haven't made arrangements for the disposition of your honey and wax lor this season, consult us. We buy both in large quantities, and can assure you of fair and courteous treatment, and a good price for your crop. Shipping-cases C. H. W. WEBER & CO. 2 1 46 Central Ave. Cincinnati, Ohio THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 243 IF BEES COULD TALK They Would Say : "GIVE US 'Dadant's Foundation' ITS CLEAN, IT'S PURE, IT'S FRAGRANT, IT'S JUST LIKE THE COMB WE MAKE OURSELVES If you are not using "DAD ANT'S FOUNDATION" drop us a card and we will give you prices or tell you where you can get it near you. DADANT & SONS, fLr/i^^*?^: A. G. WOODMAN CO., Grand Rapids Agent for Michigan BINGHAM SMOKERS Insist on Old Reliable Bingham Bee Smokers; for sale by all dealers in bee-keepers' supplies. For over 30 years the standard in all countries. The smoker with a valve in the bellows, direct draft, bent cap, inverted bellows and soot-burning device. Smoke Engine, 4-inch each $1.25; mail, $1.50 Doctor, 3J/2-inch each .85; mail, 1.10 Conquerer, 3-inch each .75; mail, 1.00 Little Wonder, 2-inch each .50; mail, .65 Honey Knife each .70; mail, .80 Manufactured only by A. G. WOODMAN CO., Grand Raoids, 3Ii<-li. Protection Hive The best and lowest price hive on the market. This hive has Ys material in the outer wall, and is not cheaply made of }i material like some other hives on the market. Send for circular showing 12 large illus- trations. It will pay you to investigate. A. G. WOODMAN CO., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. 244 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW (established 1888) OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION Office OF Pu BLiCATioN - - - 230 Woodlan d Aven u e VOL, XXV. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, JULY 1, 1912. No. 7. Something About Cuba by a Resident of That Country. D. W. MILLAR. ' ■'Jl'T is a pleasure to give you a few truths about Cuba, the richest Jm little country, with the most ideal climate in the world. Alany northern people have a wrong idea about Cuba, thinking it is too hot or too far away or a dozen and one other things, although in many cases they have never been here. It takes just three days from Havana to Xew York, and twelve hours to Key West, either way being a most pleasant and restful trip, as the service is fine. It never gets as hot as you have it, the average temperature in winter being 79, and in summer about 90, and the humidity is not nearly so high as in the north. The nights are always cool,, and you never care to sleep without some covering; there is always a cool breeze blowing during the day, but it never gets cold enough for a frost. 'Most anything will grow the year around, and there are thous- ands of acres of the richest virgin soil still available here at $5 per acre up, according to location. The average cost of uncleared land in an English speaking colony where there are schools, churches, etc., as at Bartle, is about $50.00 per acre, and titles are gilt-edge, but price ridiculous. The average country Cuban is untrustworthy and is satisfied with an existence if he don't have to work for it. It is second nature with the average uneducated native to steal, and the country people are usually illiterate and among themselves most immoral, but to Americans friendlv, on the surface, and a most hos- pitable people so far as their ability and comprehension will permit. The government is rotten, and no doubt should be short-lived. 246 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Everybody wants to be president, and l)nt few are capable or hon- est enough to merit such honor. Foreigners will be in no danger vvheiT Uncle Sam is again forced to step in and take up the reins, in my opinion. EXPORTS, IMPORTS AND RESOURCES. Cuba's exports are about equal her imports, and much is shipped here that could easily be produced. For instance last year she imported of potatoes $1,250,000, milk $1,1?(;,043. flour $3,688,000, lard $4,154,863, hams .$(;00,035, wines $2,000,000, cotton goods, $10,- 500,000, shoes $3,500,000 all of which with the possible exception of flour could be produced or manufactured here but of course it would take capital. Cuba has the richest iron mines in the world, and the largest sugar mill, capacity 5i33,000 bags of 32'5 lbs. each. Sugar is king here, exportations last year being $121,000,000. Tobacco comes next with exports last season amounting to $35,000,000. There are also many large cattle ranches, as there is plenty of grass the year around, and no other feed is required. Xot much is done in hog raising, although nature produces an abundance of good food, and they are always worth 10 to 14 cents a pound on the hoof. This is a good business as you will see by the importations of lard and hams. Eggs are always worth five cents each in the cities, and. poultry does well if properly handled. There is nothing in raising A Cuban Hotel at Bartle. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 247 Riding Through Mr. Nickcrson's Orange Grove, near Bartle. northern vegetables and small stuff here at present, except for one's own use, but good money can be made raising plantain, yams and yucca, which the natives eat, and which are superior to our Irish potatoes when one becomes accustomed to them, and knows how to prepare them properly to eat. Bananas do not do v/ell. Coffee is good, but cocoa is not profitable; two and three crops of corn can be raised yearly, but the yield is light. CITRUS FRUITS. This year has opened up the eyes of many skeptics who had little faith in citrus fruit groves, and the returns prove beyond a doubt the big profits that are possible, and anyone with a few acres of good land properlv planted and cared for until five years old, will be independent. Some have just now reached this stage. Mr. T. R. Towns, of Holguin. oft'ers for sale 3(35 days in a year grape fruit, etc., and is making monthly shipments all over the world. He has no patent on this, and others can with the same energy he has expended do likewise, and the meaning of this is apparent. Bees work .365 days in a year here, and never ha\e to be fed. A colony will produce from 15 to •?() gallons yearly at 50 cents a gallon to say nothing of your increase and queens if you go into the whole thing. Fruit trees and bees go together. The bees are good 248 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW in polonizing the trees and will bring in some- thing" to live on from the start, and are easily handled. SOME OF THE DRAW- BACKS. When one says there are many good oppor- tunities in Cuba, it is not true. There are n.one worth taking chances on for the ])(ior man. He is far l)etter off in the north. If one understands Spanish well he can get a,long, but if not he must, to pay him for coming, have money enough to live on until he gets over the idea of revolutionizing the island and showing the natives and old- timers how they should do things like they do up north, and after — if he don't go home — to finance whatever he undertakes until it pays out. If one has plenty of money it is a fine place to live part of the time, and one could by exercising care make no mistake, in my mind, in investing now, for we will be under the protection of the Stars and Stripes before long, I hope, and if duties are removed, as we expect, this country will be only too small. Our railway service is very poor, but of course will improve v/ith everything else, as we learn. It is quite convenient to speak Spanish. If one locates in an English community and goes into agriculture, he acquires a working knowledge of it very quickly, but to go into business or when you must transact business with Spanish speakers it is ver}- necessary to understand, for they will take advantage of you in every wa}^, and they are as clever as they ^a^SK^A^^^tcBsS^'^ . ^y^ '^V^Qr^^T^S^^KS^^I P^^^^ .J^-P^^ - .«^aMS& ^m SMi^^wKfl^^jSR^^D HIVv<«jnLJ^^^^^^^^^E^J^B^^g^A|^S E9|F^^/2^^I^^^Hn^^K^3^nX^S^'' "'' jBP^P ■■^^^K J^^ i^^' ^^^SnHHH R fR^." "^ / < . ■• J " • *r, "" •-.'J:> - - . . ^ , What a Four Year Old Orange Tree did for Mr. Powell. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 249 make them. There are always plenty of interpreters, but you can't always trust them. In the cities scarcely any important store is today without someone who speaks English, and the hotels also are adopting it in many places. The better classes are sendmg their child- ren to English-speaking schools, either here in Cuba or in the States. It is expected that during the coming summer a large new col- lege will be erected at Bartle for the higher branches in both Eng- lish and Spanish. Oriente province, in which Bartle is located, is the richest in Cuba, although not developed as is the western end of the island. Any young man with a little capital can, if he gets good land at the right price, come here and if he sticks to his knit- ting in a few years be independent. Living is not expensive, and it takes little for clothes, as you see from the cut, for but few are worn in the countrv districts. NOT A GOOD COUNTK.Y POR NORTHERN" WOMEN AND CHIIiDREN. Outside the large cities Cuba at present is no place for wo- men, as it would soon pall on one with any taste for refinement, and it is, in the rural districts, a poor place to bring up children, as they pick up the language quickly and cannot help hearing on all sides the vilest talk imaginable. The average horse is very poor, and good horses or mules bring fancy prices. The wild fruit of Cuba is of many va- rieties, some of Avhich is always to be had the year around. The game is plentiful, such as deer, quail, guineas, pigeons, wild hogs, etc., and the fishing on the coast and in Mr. Miller and Mr. Meenen Examining the Bees. 250 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Of Course, They Wanted to See the Queen, and Mr. Miller is Gratifying their Wish in His " Reina" Apiary, Bartle, Cuba. some interior streams cannot be surpassed. There are to my knowl- edge no poisonous reptiles here — that is, fatally poisonous — and you seldom see any in the interior, and no more insect pests than in any of our undeveloped northern countries, and you are not bothered by mosquitoes, etc., if one has proper screens on his house. A very good little home can be built for $500. There are two seasons here, the rainy and dry. Northern sum- mer is our rainy season, and sometimes it rains every day, usually between 11 o'clock and 2. The ])alance of the day the sun shines. Winter is the dry season, and it does not, during this period, rain more as a rule than is needed for vegetation. Of course the seasons every year are not alike. There are 25,000 acres in the Bartle properties, of ver}^ fine land as a rule. Santiago, one of the principal cities of Cuba, is 130 miles to the east, on the south coast, and Antilla about the same distance on the north coast, and there is train ser\'ice, both passen- ger and freight, to either place daily, and from both places excellent regular boat lines to all ports of the world. There are also many other good English colonies all over the island, a few of which are La Gloria, Heradura, Ocean Beach, Los Palacios, Santiago de las Vegas. Florida, Ytabo. Placetas, Riverside, Cieba Mocha, La Atalaya, Canet, Bayte, Aneaja and Paso Estancea. In nearly all of Cuba the water is very good, and it is as a whole comparatively healthy if one takes care of himself. THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 251 In the western part of Cuba, where the fine tobacco is grown, thev have been unfortunate in the way of wind storms which have at times done much damage; the eastern end, however, has escaped these, the geography of the country being a protection against such calamities. SCHEMES OF THE I.AND SHARPS. ]\Iany land companies have circulated booklets and other liter- ature to help sell their land at falmlous prices to inexperienced peo- ple in the north, who in many cases know nothing about agriculture, even at home, and that kind of people don't belong here, but they make good easy picking for the land sharks, who care only for the cash they can get ; one's success here being of little concern to them. The writers of this misleading and false literattire are tisually those who have spent a very short time here, and their knowledge of Cuba is usually what some smooth individual has told them for the pur- pose best suited to himself. There is much poor land here as well as good, and it is hard sometimes to distinguish, so that a stranger should go very slow and be very careful, as I know- of no Canadian or English colonies where they would not take advantage, in order to sell land, of your lack of knowledge of conditions and values; probably not so much in the way of actually lying about what can be done, but in being very careful not to tell what cannot be done, and leaving a stranger in ignorance as to difficulties and objects to be overcome with only plenty of time and capital. Any English colony with an honest management and the right kind of settlers (who could and would do something) could be run so that there would be profit to all, provided each colony or several could be formed into a co-operative body that would pull together, but through the greediness and crookedness of the promoters or their pensioners many good places have been seriously handicapped, otherwise their population would have been increasing yearly more rapidly. SETTI.EMENTS ABE IMFBOVINCf. However, it is a pleasure today to see most of this class of the old heads of these settlements down and out. and tlie settlers re- maining are now going ahead and will, without doubt, come out all right. In the beginning most Americans were fruit crazy and could not think of anything else, consequently many have had to drop out and those who have now pulled through to success have -earned it. Today other crops are being grown so that something will be com- ing in to help along while the trees are developing. Many are tak- ing to bees, which are very profitable (and it has to be acknowledged that a grove of fruit trees, of any kind, will yield much more and:: better fruit if the pollen has been distributed l^y bees while gather- 252 THE BEE-KEEPERo REVIEW ing the nectar from the blossom), others poultry, pigs, etc., but there is still a great open field in any of these projects. Bartle, Oriente, Cuba. fjust at present Cuba is having her troubles, and I am now wondering just how near Mr. Millar's gness will come regarding intervention by the United States. His letter wae written last April, which shows a pretty good knowledge of conditions there, judging by the latest developments. I am not personally acquainted with Mr. Miller, and having never been in Cuba I cannot personally vouch for the statements made, but the fact that both sides of the question are so frankly given in the above letter leads me to believe it is an honest statement of facts. It will be read with interest by all interested in that country.] The Value of Drones to the Swarm and Bee-Keeper. ARTHUR C. MILLER. ^^^ HE drones, those much maligned members of the bee com- \Jj munity, are really among our best friends and helpers. We strive to prevent their occurrence, destroying them in every stage of growth, and we tolerate only a few as a necessary evil We should change our views and our practices. The drones are most interesting fellows once you come to know them. You would hardly think of looking for belligerency among them, and yet in their own way they are not lacking in spirit, in evidence of which note how they box and bite and how insistent they are that they be properly fed. As evidence of what some would call their brotherly or foster-paternal solicitude, notice when the cluster contracts during a cold storm how the drones pack closely over the surface of the outlying brood. Xo, oh no, not to keep it warm, but to keep themselves warm, which is also the cause of workers acting likewise, as can be readily demonstrated. How many of you are familiar with the peculiar odor of drones? A hundred years ago that odor was thought to be the principle which vitalized the eggs in the combs. Wiiile drones afford most interesting material for nature stu- dents, you practical bee-keepers onh^ want to know how they may be of value to you. Let us see. By the markings of the workers the purity or impurity of the stock is almost universally determined. The drones are even more essential to us in deciding on the purity of the queen. And just here I wish to ask you to distinguish between the purity of a queen and the purity of her oft'spring. \\'e speak of an Italian queen mated to an Italian drone as "pure," and of a queen from pure an- cestors mated to a drone of another race as "impure," but so applied the term is most misleading, for really the queen and her male offspring are pure while her female offspring are not. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 253 To investigate by experiment we will raise a lot of queens from Italian stock such as is called pure, that is to say, one produc- ing" uniformly banded workers but variable drones. 2^1 ate some of these queens to drones from the same stock and some to blacks. If the experiment is on a suflficiently large scale the first lot will be found to contain some passing as purely mated, as judged by their worker offspring' and some as mismated, even though we are sure that no other drones were in reach. Of the so-called purely mated ones a few may be found to produce uniformly colored and marked drones and the others drones of varied marking. Of the queens mated to the black drones there will be found a similar conditions as to drones, but there will also be found this: the queens producing uniform drones will also be producing uniform though dark workers, while the queens producing the miscellaneous types of drones will also be producing a miscellaneous lot of workers. In the foregoing experiment absolute uniformity in any case can scarcely be expected, as the queen possessed variable potentials. In the Italian by Italian mating we cannot tell whether the drone in each case was from a queen producing uniform drones or not, and so we cannot be sure whether the queen we classed as im- purely mated was mated to an "irregular" drone, or she herself possessed the irregularity. Were it possible to treat queens as we do higher animals we could tell by the methods used with them. But with the Italian by black mating we know the drones were pure, so that all we have to consider is the relation of variation in the worker offspring to variation in the drone off"spring. It will be seen that where the drones were uniform in color and markings the workers were also uniform, but with queens producing non-uniform drones it is not so. \Miy is this so? Because the queen of sup- posedly pure stock carried impure blood, to use current language. To make the matter a little clearer, let us take a queen of a golden strain of known purity, a real thoroughbred, and mate her to a black drone also a thoroughbred. The resulting female offspring will be the most beautiful banded Italians one could ask to see, while the drones will be uniform Goldens. I know of but one or two bee men who would fail to pass that queen as a purely mated Italian of high quality. But we must go a step further. We must raise some queens from her, and we will mate them to golden drones of the parent stock, not her drones, lest someone sa}^ they were contaminated by her mating. Now what are the offspring? Some queens giving fairly uniform Golden workers, some giving banded Italians more or less uniform, and some giving a mixture. The queens of the first and second class will be found to produce drones of a fair degree of uniformity — not absolutely uniform, 254 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW neither very irregular, while those of the third class range from Goldens to Blacks. If you have followed me you will see that uniformity of drone offspring indicates pure parentage of the queen, while lack of uni- formity of the drones means impure ancestry. Queens of pure ancestry will breed true to drones of their stock, while those of impure ancestry will rarely do so either to drones of their own stock or to drones of thoroughbred stock. And now you can understand why some seasons you have so many of what you call mismatings. Your queen stock is not thoroughbred. Providence. R. I. Getting the Bees to Clean Up Cappings. WM. KERNAN. OX page 310, of the 1909 Review, Mr. J. Crane gives a plan for getting the bees to clean up cappings, by putting the cappings in pails or kegs for the bees to work on. As this is apt to cause considerable annoyance in an apiary, the thought occurred to me, why not place the cappings in boxes in the colonies in upper stories? Last summer I oot several small drv goods boxes and tried this as an experiment, and it seems to be a good thing, probably better than netting or washing the cappings, and I don't know as it takes any more time or laJDor, and the honey is all saved. The boxes should be a little smaller than the inside of a hive body. A few nails may be driven part way in the bottom of the box to keep from killing" bees when lowering the box and also a cleat should be nailed across the top of the box, to carry it by. The boxes can be placed on colonies storing honey during the summer, but late in the fall it is probably not a good thing to disturb the colonies by slow feeding, as they are not apt to form m a cluster for wintering. FEEDERS AGAIN. Last spring I wanted to do a little stimulative feeding, and I was not quite satisfied with any of the feeders. I got a few cans and was making pepper-box breeders of them. Right beside me in a box was a lot of new SV^-lb. friction top honey cans. I tried a few of them and I found they w^ere fine. The way I used them was, 1 took a piece of building paper the size of a hive and cut a small hole in the center and placed the inverted can over the small hole and the bees came up in the hollow in the can top. I found that THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 255 just a few small holes in the can top was sufficient for slow, stim- ulative feeding. But for fast feeding for winter stores a larger fric- tion top can can be used or two of them on a colony, and quite a lot of small holes can be punched in the lid. The can may be raised a little higher by cutting a circle out of a piece of heavy pasteboard and placing it under the can. Early in the spring a colony can be kept very warm by putting leaves or chaff on top of the paper around the feeder, and the feed can be kept warm in this way by using a hive body on top. Dushore, Pa. [Please take note that the boxes of cappings are not placed on top of the hive, out in the open, where bees from all colonies can reach them. They are placed in an upper story, and are only accessible to the bees in the hive in which they are placed. At first I thought that there would be some danger from robbing by this plan, but if they are first put on in the evening I don't know but the danger would be small. Of course if it was done during a honey flow therewould be no danger at any time. You can easily try it out. anyway. In a private letter Mr. Kernan writes me that he has tried the plan two seasons and likes it very well.] Ridding Supers of Bees. L. R. DOCKERY. '^WX the July issue of the Review for 1909, [Mr. Elmer Hutchin- Jjl son, Mr. S. E. Miller and Mr. F. B. Cavanagh had much to say about ridding extracting supers of bees. Each one had a system different to the others. I suspect from the way they do things that all of them use a full depth hive body for a super. If so I should think Mr. Hutch- inson's is the most perfect system. However, Mr. Miller's is the most like our own. We use the ideal super 5J/s inches deep, which has many advantages over a full depth one. \\'e have no use for queen excluding honey boards and bee escapes. A\ ith this super only a few puff's of smoke are needed to drive most of the bees down and out before taking it off'. A trick we have learned, is to wait until the working force has gone to the field before beginning the operation of taking off the supers. In doing this we avoid the robbing nuisance. Then we begin first by taking off' the cover and blowing a few whiff's of smoke down between the frames. Then I turn to another, taking the cover off, giving them some smoke down between the frames, and then to another and another, until there are five or six with their covers off', and all having been smoked, most of the bees have gone down. I then return to the first one that I gave a smoke shock and give them another, and treat the others in a like manner, then aofain I return to the first, and if all the bees are not out I give 256 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW them some more smoke. Then take off the super and stand on end, bu\t stand it in such a position that the sun does not strike the honey, as it would melt the combs before I am ready to carry the supers into the extracting house. I proceed in this way until we have off as many supers as we can extract during the day, and no more, as all that would be left over night would be troublesome to extract. Now before carrying the supers into the extracting house a fourth round is made with the smoker, giving all a little smoke. This rids them almost entirely of bees. Then they are immediately carried to the extracting house. During the course of extracting, if any brood should be found it is put in an empty super provided for the purpose, and at the end of the day, this super or supers is put back on some of the weaker colonies, or new colonies formed. However, while taking the supers off a close watch is kept on them and if at any time robbing should commence they are at once car- ried to the extracting house and stacked in a criss-cross sort of way in the lightest place possible, so that the few remaining bees will pass out. Goliad, Texas. A Discussion of Those Picture Grading Rules. (Continued from June) '^^S'X continuing the discussion of the grading rules, I can do no jl better than to now give you the latest rules adopted by the Colorado State Bee-Keepers' Association. They are as fol- lows: FANCY WHITE. "Sections to be well filled, comb firmly attached on all sides and evenly capped, except the outside row. next to the wood. Honey, comb and cappings white and not projecting beyond wood. Wood to be well cleaned ; no section in this grade to weigh less than 13J/2 ounces. No. 1. "Sections to be well filled, combs firmly attached on all four sides and evenly capped, except the outside row, next to the wood. Honey white or very light amber ; comb and cappings from white to slightly off color. Comb not projecting beyond the wood, wood to be well cleaned; no section in this grade to weigh less than IS^^ ounces. CHOicz:. "Sections to be well filled, combs firmly attached and not pro- jecting beyond the wood and entirely capped, except the outside THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 257 row next to the wood. Honey, comb and cappings from white to amber, but not dark. Wood to be well cleaned; no section in this grade to weigh less than twelve ounces. No. 2. "This grade is composed of sections that are entirely capped, except row next to wood, weighing from ten to twelve ounces, also of such sections that weigh 12 ounces or more and have not more than 50 uncapped cells altogether, which must be filled. Comb and cappings from white to amber in color and not dark ; wood to be well cleaned. No second hand cases to be used for any of the above grades. ZIXTBACTED HONEV. "]\Iust be thoroughly ripened, weight 1'3 pounds per gallon. It must be well strained and packed in new cans. It is classed as white, light amber and amber. STRAINED HONEY. 'Ts honey obtained from combs by all other means except the centrifugal extractors and is classed as white, light amber, amber and dark and must be thoroughly ripened and well strained. It may be put up in cans that previously have contained honey. GRADING INSTRUCTIONS. ''The aim of establishing grading rules is to secure uniformity in the methods of packing and grading and thereby make it pos- sible to put on the market a product of such excellence that careful buyers will pay top prices for it. "A few brief directions are deemed necessary to the parties doing the actual work of preparing, grading and packing. "In removing filled supers the smoker must be kept well filled so no ashes will spot the cappings. Robber bees must be kept from them and when piling supers up in the honey house, one or several sheets of newspaper should be used between supers, to catch any possible drip and keep out dust and ants. "The shipping case adopted as the standard by the Colorado State Bee-Keepers' Association is the double tier case with glass front, holding S-t sections, 4^'" x 4>:j/' x l^/g" each. L'se slim cement coated flat-head nails one inch long for nailing cases, put the best looking side of grooved front strips to the outside and select the best and smoothest finished boards for covers. If bottoms or cover boards should project, they must be planed off. This is necessary for proper loading. A sheet of plain paper goes into the bottom of the case, forming a tray. On top of this belongs a sheet of corru- gated cardboard, corrugations up. On top of the lower tier of sec- 258 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW tions goes another paper tray and cardboard. Generally a sheet of corrugated cardboard is also furnished to lay on the top tier of sec- tions. If this is not the case and plain paper is used, it must not be permitted to stick out of the case. The mark of the grade of honey must be put into both hand holes of each case, as follows : Fancy W'hite — Must be marked XX in hand holes. N^umber One — 'Must be marked X in hand holes. Choice— Must be marked — in hand holes. Number Two — Must be marked 11 in hand holes. "Sections must be well scraped. This means that all propolis (bee glue) and beeswax must be removed from the edges and out- sides of all sections of honey. Some use a short, very sharp butcher knife with broken off point. Others prefer a smaller knife with square edge, kept square by the frequent use of a file. Sections that are badly mildewed must be put into the cull honey. "The cleaning and grading of honey must be done in a well lighted place, but not in the direct rays of the sunlight. A well ventilated and screened room with one or several large north win- dows is the ideal. No grading should be done by artificial light, because neither artificial light nor strong sunlight will enable a per- son to grade comb honey properly, owing to its transparency. A large bench or table is needed to give plenty of room for the work and the placing of shipping cases to pack the various grades in. Except for the fancy white, it is necessary to hai'e several cases for each grade on the bench so that honey of the same shade and finish ivill he cased together. Even in the number two grade the packing of various shades of color in one case is bad work. "To avoid errors in casing, each grade should always have the same space on the bench, and cases should be marked with grade before covers are nailed on. "If possible one person only, with a good eye for color, should be entrusted with the work of grading the crop. The other work may be done by any number of persons. This plan secures uniformity of grading and places the responsibility for this most important work on one person. The grader should be provided with a copy of the grading rules and specimen sections, two or three of each, the poorest that are to go into each grade. Have these specimens properly marked and kept before the grader at all time, with instruc- tions not to put anything into a grade poorer than the specimens, and if in doubt about a section to put it into the next lower grade. "A sensitive spring scale, with large dial, plainly indicating )^ ounces, is needed for the weighing up of doubtful sections. A scale especially adapted for the work can be bought for $1.50. After using- the scale for a short time most graders will find that but a THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 259 small part of the crop needs to be weighed, as they soon get very efficient in judging weights. ^'Tlic front sections of honey in a case must be alike in color and finish and be a true representation of the contents. "Comb honey not permitted in shipping grades: Honey packed in second-hand cases. Honey in badly stained sections. Honey showing signs of granulation. Leaking, injured or patched up sections. Sections containing honey dew. Sections with more than 50 uncapped cells, or a less number of empty cells. Sections weighing less than the required weight. "Such honey may be sold around home or rendered. "Don't put off: case comb honey as soon as taken from the hives and market while weather is warm. The early market is usu- ally the best. "Don't haul without springs and don't allow cases to get soiled or dusty. "Don't ship comb honey, in less than carlots. unless packed in carrier crates, holding eight cases each, with straw in bottom. "Don't ship by express, except very short distances. Freight is cheaper and just as safe. "Notice — As practically all bee-keepers are now using separa- tors between each row of sections, no provision is made in the grading rules for half and non-separatored honey. TO EXTBACTi:]} HONEV FBOSUCEBS. ''Do not get honey contaminated by excessive use of smv;>ke. "Be sure honey is thoroughly ripened and well strained before putting into cans. "Put (60') sixty pounds net in each five-gallon can. "Adopt the plan of marketing each extracting with a different number or letter, as there is usually a variation of color and flavor in the different extractings. If a good-sized sample is kept of each lot with the mark and number of cans in lot on it, it is easy to satisfy an intending purchaser as to quality and color. "Cases should be nailed with T-penny cement coated box nails, and for long distance local shipment the ends should be strapped with band iron or wire. "The grading of any article, honey not excluded, is a simple matter if the person doing the grading will follow the golden rule and put himself in the place of the buyer." (Continued in August Review.^ 260 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Published Monthly E. B. TYRRELL, Managing Editor. Office — ^230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Michigan. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post office at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Ha- waiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. Discontinuances — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. .-\t the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. Advertising rates on application. EDITORIAL The thing that makes the trouble is not so much what actually happens, but what we fear may happen, and it is fear and imagina- tion that cause panics. — CJws. Austin Bates. The July installment of the article by G. B. Howe is omitted because, owing to a rush of work, ]\Ir. Howe did not get his manu- script to me in time. It will appear in the August number. The Honey Crop According to Present Indications. Letters that I am receiving indicate that many are getting a heavy crop of honey, but the trouble is that there are but a few bees to gather it. ^^'e see no reason as yet why the prices obtained last vear should not be realized this. Tin Shipping-Cases for Comb Honey. John S. Semens, of Tra\-erse, Colo., suggests the use of tin shipping cases for the shipment of comb honey, to be used in place of wooden ones. He suggests that the National get some tin ones made, of the right size to hold 2-i sections, double tier, with corru- gated paper between the tiers, besides a sheet at top and bottom. Then he thinks these cases could be returned to the producer for refilling. Artificial Lighting-Places for Swarms. Eugene E. Eraser, of Big Rapids, Alichigan, keeps his swarms at home on a city lot by providing a unique artificial lighting place. This is simply a small tree planted upside down. Dig up a small THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 261 tree, maple preferred, and plant it with the roots in the air, about six or eight feet above ground. He finds that it makes an excellent lighting place for his swarms, one the bees readily select, and one from which the bees can be easily hiyed. Making Candy for Queen-Cages Without Using Honey. In talking with a queen breeder a short time ago about the new postal ruling, in which one must either have an inspector's certili- cate of inspection, or make afifidavit before a notary that the honey used in mailing cages was boiled, before one could mail queens, he said that he believed the time near when honey would not be used at all for that purpose. He explained by saying that he was using a candy made of sugar. The syrup is made of granulated sugar, and then powdered sugar is added to make the dough. To prevent crystalizing he adds a little glycerine. The Hardest Fight You Have for Success is With Yourself. In telling of a long, hard struggle for success the other day, the teller said the hardest struggle he had was with himself. And what was true of him is no doubt true of all of us. Many times we are on the point of giving up. Everything seems to go against us. Help which we expected fails to materialize. All forces seem to be united to crush us to defeat. But through it all the biggest enemy is our own feelings. How easy it is to give up. to take the easier course, to say "It's no use.'' Then is when w^e need to give ourselves a good threshing. If we can conquer ourselves, we can conquer all the other obstacles. Using Second-Hand Cans for Honey. Last winter I had occasion to buy a few cans of extracted honey, from a prominent bee-keeper who I knew produced a good article. This man had stated to me some time before, which I had forgotten at the time, that he used second-hand cans, and never had any complaints, and could see no reason for using new ones so long as the others gave satisfaction, and cost so much less. It happened that this honey was candied, and with a heavy knife and hammer I proceeded to remove the tin from the honey. When the tin was removed I had a beautiful brown-coated pile of white extracted honey before me. I wish that bee-man could have been present and seen it. He could have sold it for "russet honey," from its color. All because the "just-as-good-as-new second hand can" had been rusty. 262 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Xow I didn't complain to that man, consequently he can still say he has had no complaint, but I will remember that I can't bank on his honey being first-class. I wonder if those cans haven't lost him other sales. Those Comb Honey Grading Rules. Elsewhere in this issue is continued the discussion regarding grading rules. When it is all finished it will at least prove one thing, and that is that we need something uniform, and a uniform interpretation of them. Some think we can not secure uniform rules, but I would like to know why. Is a comb of honey any dif- ferent because it is produced in California instead of Maine? I be- lieve we can get uniform rules, when we are willing to get together and not want a little set of rules for our personal benefit. Here is what I would propose: Have the directors of the Na- tional Bee-Keepers' Association select a committee of three experi- enced comb honey producers, familiar with grading. Have the honey buyers also furnish a committee of three. Have this com- mittee of six meet at the next National convention,^ and draw up a set of uniform grading rules, and then all v/ork to standardize those rules. Binding the "Review" With Nails. In a private letter from Mr. \\\ H. Eveleth, Salix, Iowa, he tells me of a neat and inexpensive way to bind your Reviews. Take one year's numbers of the Review, pile them up in order, and then select some nails of just the right length to reach nearly through the pile of Reviews, but not quite. Remember, the nails must not reach clear through. Now take some common cloth or binding tape and fold it up sc^ it is just about ^ inches wide. Use this to drive the nails through so the heads won't pull through the outside covers. By using a lit- tle care you can drive four or five nails that will reach nearly through the whole set from each side, near the back edge, (about 9^-inch from the edge ) and you have a strong, serviceable volume, and the best of it is that when you want to refer to a particular copy that number isn't missing and can't be found, which is often the case when loose copies are piled away on shelves, etc. Is the Isle of Wight Disease in America? The old saying that there is nothing new under the sun seems to be continually verified. Just as we begin to believe we have dis- covered a new disease, we find that it is an old one under a new name. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 263 The English Board of Agriculture has issued a report on the Isle of Wight disease, during C\Iay. and a copy has just reached me. In reading a report of the S}'mptoms, written by G. \\'. Bulla- more and W. Maiden. ]\L D.. I found that they considered the Isle of Wight disease and Paralysis the same. They report different kinds of paralysis, and even bring in spring dwindling as one form. If this is so, we have had the Isle of Wight disease here for years. Only a short time ago I was talking with one man who win- tered 100 per cent, of his colonies, and then lost 40 per cent by spring dwindling, this spring. It may be that paralysis is a niore deadly disease than we have thought it to be. It will be interesting to know more of these investigations, and whether the above supposition will be verified. The book men- tioned contains 144 pages and cover, and can be had for one shilling, English money, by addressing Board of Agriculture. 4 Whitehall Place, London, S. W. Crop Report Blanks. In this issue, on page 279, you will find a crop report blank. Cut it out, fill it out carefully with pen and ink, and then return it to me. When these blanks are returned, the information they contain will be carefully tabulated, and from them we should get a pretty good knowledge of crop conditions. This information will also be supplemented by a review of market conditions, and the whole con- densed into a crop report that will be invaluable to each member. This will then be sent to each member, probably in a circular, and will give you valuable information regarding the sale of your honey. But I must warn you to report the facts as they are, and not to add to or take from the actual figures. It is only by actual figures that true conditions can be ascertained. And don't delude yourself into thinking that if you withhold your report buyers will not know conditions, for they have been working all summer to get statistics, and you are the one v/ho needs the posting. A knowledge of true conditions will not hurt any one. Another thing — each National branch can get out a booklet, such as the '^Michigan Association gets out. if they desire. I will be pleased to furnish the Secretary with the proper information from these reports to enable the booklet to be gotten out, without going to the expense of sending out other report blanks. One branch has already signified its intention to get out a booklet this fall. Michi- gan members will please remember that this report will be used for their booklet, and not fail to fill out and return the blank. 264 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW SHjF Natinnal Ir^-K^^p^ra' AsHnrtatinn Anb Us IJrattrliPH Officers. Directors. George W. York, President. ... Sandpoint, Ida. E. D. Townsend, Chairman Remus, Mich. MoRLEY Pettit, Yice-Pres. . . Guelph, Ont., Can. J. ^I. Buch.\nan Franklin, Tenn. E. B. Tyrrell, Secretary Detroit, Mich. Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. 230 Woodland Ave. J. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. N. E. France, Treas. Gen. Mgr., Plattville, Wis. F. Wilcox Mauston, Wis. Ilfational Branches and Their Secretaries. Adirondack — H. E. Gray.. Fort Edwards, N.Y. New Jersey— E. G. Carr....New Egypt, N. J. Colorado — Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. N. Michigan — Ira D. Bartlett Chicago-Northwestern— L. C. Dadant V ' "^ • %• -A^^®' Jordan, Mich. Hamilton, 111. Ohio — Prof. N. E. Shaw, Dept. of Agr Idaho— R.' D.' BradshawV.'.'.V. '.'.'. . .Notus, 'ida'. ^ • • • • • " ■ii\- ' :/ ' '^^ -Columbus Ohio 1 T AC. Ti.. . a ■ c ^A ^^^ Ontario — P. W. Hodgetts, Parliament Bldg., Illinois — Jas. A. Stone. . .Rt. 4, Springfield, 111. = Toronto, Ont., Can. lowA — C. L. Pinney Le Mars, Iowa Oregon — H. Wilson Corvallis, Ore. Indiana — Walter Pouder, 859 Mass. Ave... Pecos Valley — Henry C. Barron Indianapolis, Ind. Hagerman, New Mexico Missouri — J. F. Diemer Liberty, Mo. Twin Falls — C. H. Stimson. .Twin Falls, Ida. Michigan— E. B. Tyrrell, 230 Woodland Tennessee— J. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn. ." Ave., Detroit, Mich. N'ermont — P. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. Minnesota — C. E. Palmer, 1034 Miss. St.. Washington — J. B. Ramage St. Paul, Minn. Rt. 2, N. Yakima, Wash. Wisconsin — Gus Dittmer Augusta, Wis. Send in Your Proposed Changes to the Constitution. In the next issue Chairman Townsend will have something to say regarding some proposed changes in the constitution, and as these proposed changes must be placed before the Branch Secre- taries at least ninety days before the meeting of Delegates, each of you should lose no time in sending them in. Personally I believe that they should all be published in the Review, but question the advisability of taking up their discussion before the Delegates meet. I refer, of course, to their discussion through the pages of the jour- nals. My reasons are that lack of space would not permit a fair discussion of them. It would be a splendid thing, however, for them to be taken up at the different branch meetings, and thor- oughly discussed there. Send in your proposed changes. Legal Help for National Members. The impression seems to have gone out that under the new constitution the National Association can not gi\e its members legal help. I don't understand it that way. ]\Iy understanding is simply this. The Association does not specifically promise legal help to members. This I would consider wise, as it does not attract those to membership who might take advantage of that feature. ^Ir. France, if I remember correctly, THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 265 stated that when the Association paid all the legal costs of suits, there were a good many more than when the rule was adopted to only pay half. So if no promises were held out to help in law- suits, the members would be more cautious than ever as to how they started lawsuits. But this does not mean that the directors could not help any deserving member in legal matters. In fact I have had a request recently from a member who kept bees in town, stating neighbors tried to get the Council to pass an ordinance to prohibit the keeping of bees in the city. I wrote the Council, through the City Clerk, and gave them previous decisions. I have heard nothing further so presume the ordinance did not pass. I also have another request along the same lines, and will give it my attention. Another member wrote me that he had sent some money to an advertiser some time ago, and complained because he had been in- formed that the National would not help him get his money or queens. I replied stating that I was glad he had written me, that we were glad to take up such cases, and also wrote the advertiser. A later letter from the member showed that he had secured satis- faction, and he naturally wondered why he had been told. the Na- tional would not help. I am writing this without taking it up with the directors, and they may hold a different view from the abo\e, but I believe I am voicing the sentiments of every director when I say that the Na- tional will always help a member in every reasonable way, so far as it is in its power to do so. Summer Meeting of the New Jersey Branch. Secretary E. G. Carr wishes me to announce that they will hold their summer meeting on Friday, July 12th. at the apiarv of member C. H. Root, of Red Bank, N. J. All bee-keepers welcome. Fighting Foul Brood With a Railroad Train. "All aboard for the Institute Special." and we climbed on, at Bay City, ^lichigan, Friday, the 14th, for a trip through Northern ^Michigan. Here is how it happened. Our State was out a Foul Brood Inspector for this year. The one we had last year had secured another position. The State Dairy and Food Inspector understood that he had to have a recommendation from the Michigan Associ- ation in order to place a new man in charge. So I went to Lansing. When I got there I found that the Agricultural College was in- tending to send a train through Northern ^^lichigan with exhibits 266 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW and speakers. 1 had always wondered why l:)ees were not repre- sented on those trips, or at Farmers' Institutes. After a certain amount of digging I was introduced to Prof. L. R. Taft, who has charge of Farmers" Institute work, and who was arranging and had charge of the Institute Special, and he kindly agreed to include me as one of the speakers. The object was to try out a plan I had, and see just how much interest there was in bee-keeping. So that is why I was on the train. And I am more than pleased with the result. The trip is not yet finished, and I will probably write more about it for the August number, but I want to tell you a few things I discovered. First, I discovered that we as bee-keepers have a lot of help lying around waiting for us to ask for it. For instance, I found that if I would prepare the copy, that the State \vould print for me a lot of placards, calling the people's attention to the disease known as foul brood, and telling about the law^ governing it. But they could not distribute them for us. So I took a lot of them with me on the trip, and left a dozen at each stop with some one who would see that tiiey were posted around the place. Then while riding from one place to another I happened to overhear the Industrial Superintendent of the railroad we w^ere riding on. and who was with us while we were on his road, talking to an Institute man about how they (the railroads) could distribute placards for the college if they w^ould only get them out. Instantly I was all attention, and I got up close and began asking questions. I showed him one of ours, and after reading it he said if I would furnish him with enough to send all their agents located on their main lines, he would see that they were distributed free. Now, if the Michigan Central would do this, what would hinder the other lines from doing the same? They reasoned that anything that would help the farmer along production lines would, of course, help the transportation companies; hence it would be to their ad- vantage to co-operate. So I am going after every Railroad Company doing business in Michigan. If I succeed I will soon have warnings regarding foul brood posted in every railroad town in Michigan, at no expense to the bee-keepers. Now if I can do that m Michigan it can also be done in every state in the union, and with this information before them it should do much to stop the spread of disease. I will be glad to mail a copy of the placard to officers of local or state bee- keepers' associations, or to foul brood inspectors, if they wish one. But about my talk on that institute train. I told of the annual production of honey in Michigan, then explained that the honey was only a part of the product of the honey bee, for we must credit a large part of the fruit crop to it for its work of carrying the THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 267 pollen from tiower to flower. Then I told them I was on the train because there was an enemy to the bee in ^lichigan. that it had been reported in 3.5 of the (iS counties in lower Michigan, and ended up by showing them a sample of the disease. I had good attention all along the line. If you would like to tr}- this plan in your State vvrite me for further particulars. Local and State Officers Acting as Branch Officers, A letter received since the June issue of the Review, reminds me that I did not make it clear in that issue, that where local ofB- cers agree to act as branch officers, they in no way abridge the powers or liberties of their associations. By reading the resolutions carefully, you will notice that the plan is to have these officers act as branch officers until their next meeting. This is done because in many instances the local associa- tions did not have an opportunity to act on becoming a National Branch at their last meeting, or did not have time to give the matter careful consideration. According to the action of the directors at their January meeting, each member to the National w^as to be a member of a local branch. The object of this is apparent to all. for if they could join direct many would do so and neglect their local association. In order to carry out the provisions of the constitu- tion, and build the National of branches instead of individual mem- bers, it is necessary to protect these branches. But a complication arose where members would send in their $1.50 from a state that did not have a branch. ]\Iany times the member did not know that his association did not belong, and re- quested membership in it. The $1.00 was all the National was to have, and there would be 50c to turn over to some branch. Either we had to place that member in a branch outside his state, or organ- ize a branch in his state, unless we could get the state officers to act as branch officers until the next meeting of that association. It appears that the statement that a branch would be organized in a state where the local association refused to become a National branch, has been taken as a threat. That was not the intention, and I am sorry if it was so considered. I was trying to place the matter before you in a way so you could see the conditions con- fronting us. '^Members of the National naturally like to belong to a branch where they can attend the meetings. If that branch is out of their state it is hard for them to do so. I might add that some of the branches named in the Review have not taken formal action as vet, but thev are being considered 268 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW as branches as their officers have consented to act as branch officers until their association has a chance to consider the matter at its next meetino'. Director Wesley Foster Gives Some Excellent Reasons for the Purchase of The Review. Fclloiv Bcc-Kccf'crs — The National Bee-Keepers' Association is in business for the bee-keepers. It is your organization, and you have the opportunity to receive the advantages. Btit you have not the right to ask "What benefit is the National to me,'' only. You must also ask yourself: "\Miat benefit can I be to the National?" The National Association is partly an attempt and partly a realiza- tion. I can find bee-men over the whole country who have said that the National was no good to them, and it was partly because they were no good to the National. If you are not willing to take the benefits of the National partly on faith, you are not at heart a co-operator and the logical thing for you to do is to withdraw from all associations. But if you will sit down and figure prices on <:ans and freight rates and take up with Mr. Tyrrell the problem of selling your honey, it will not be long before you will begin to realize the ben- efits. Then there is national and state legislation on bee culture that the National is working on. Yoti should belong, if for no other reason than that you want to help. The Review is now yours, and we want you to make every pos- sible use of it. Get new subscriber-members, advertise your bees, queens, etc., for sale in the classified cohunns and induce your neig^h- bors to patronize the Review. If during the coming year you are not able to get ideas from the Review worth five times what the membership amounts to, it will be because you "know it all" or are incapable of applying new knowledge. But there are very few of the latter kinds of bee-men, and we know that the National and the Re\iew are just coming into their own. I am glad that I have had a little to do with bringing about the coalition. As one of the directors, I have favored an official organ, such as we now have in the Review, from the first. There is one reason that is uppermost in my mind now, why we need such an organ. Heretofore, we have had no mouthpiece of our own, through which we could say the things to each other that should be said. The privately owned journals could hardly be expected to fight some of the more disagreeable battles for us and then stand the chances of financial loss by losing patronage. If the National gets into a strug- gle with some common enemy of bee-keepers it should have a mouthpiece through which the membership can be apprised of the THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 269 situation. Tlie Xational at the present time does not contemplate any dangerous encounters, and hopes to employ its efforts in build- ing instead of fighting. For every dollar you pay for a bee journal, the advertiser planks down an additional dollar, which you finally pay ; for the ad\-ertiser gets the dollar out of you when you buy his goods. So e\'ery dollar bee paper or other journal costs you two dollars, probably more, for the advertiser would not continue to advertise if he did not get more than his money back. You can enhance the assets of the Association very materially by patronizing the Rfa'ievv advertisers, advertising yourself and getting all the members you can. The Review is expected to be an effective membership builder and to return a profit to the Association, furnishing a fund to go after larger game. At the present time we are not expecting large re- turns except in the way of enlarging the membership. The Reniew will be published for the members. Advertisers will be admitted to grace the advertising pages so long as they have a golden rule proposition to present to the members. You cannot help the Association more than by writing at once of any dishonesty on the part of any advertiser. The Review will deal with the science, practice and progress of bee-keeping. As much thought will be crammed into each page as the paper will hold. The National Association will work through the Review for Xational grading rules, and the business side of honey marketing. A\'e will not forget the enthusiastic amateur or the nature loving bee student. And with it all we will work for the building up of the co-operative spirit among bee-men. This is the most hopeful thought of the times. \\'e are beginning to realize that the people can manage their own aff'airs if they get started right, and are not too impatient of results. Weslev Foster. Rear Your Own Queens. Send vour address and learn HOW TO COMBINE THE BEST FEATURES OF ALL SYSTEMS, or send 50 cents for EUREKA LARVA TRANSPLANTER and full direc- tions. Satisfaction guaranteed. MARK VV. MOE, 1714 Exposition Ave., Denver, Colo. WANTED FANCT WHITE COMB AND IJX- TBACTES HONEY Please write to us at once if you have any to spare, stating how much and price you expect to get. THE PIERCE BROS. CO., 551 Woodward Ave., DETROIT, MICH. CHAS. ISRAEL & BROS. 488-490 Canal St,. New York Wholesale Dealers and Commission Merchants in Honey, Beeswax, Maple Sugar and Syrup, Etc. Consignments solicited. Established 1875. THE SWARTHMORE APIARIES The late E. L. Pratt's Celebrated Gentle GOLDEN ALL OVER QUEENS PEDIGREED PENN G. SNYDER, State Apiary Inspector SWARTHMORE, PA. 270 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW THE POOREST SECTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT IN THE GRADE NAMED FANCY NUMBER ONE NUMBER TWO HONEY QUOTATIONS BOSTON. — Last season's crop of honey is all closed out and fancy new white comb we expect to sell here at 20 cents per lb., and we want the first that can be obtained for our best trade. Communications in regard to honey is solicited. White extracted, 10 to lie per lb.; w-a.\, 30c. June 25. BL.\KE-LEE CO. KANSAS CITY, MO.— Our market is en- tirely bare of comb honey. We think now No. 1 white comb honey would sell for $3.50 or $3.75 per case of 24 sections. We are selling old extracted white at 8c and 9c per lb. Bees- wax 2oc to 2Sc per lb. June 24. C. C. CLEMONS PRODUCE CO. TOLEDO— At this writing there is little do- ing in honey. Comb is about cleaned up, white selling at 16 to 17c per lb.; very little to offer at any price. Extracted white clover sells in small way at 10c, light amber Sc. Beeswax is quiet with stock coming in freely and sells at from 30 to 32c. May 20. S. J. GRIGGS & CO. CINCINNATI— Market on comb honey is about cleaned up and practically no demand. Extracted honey has fallen off considerably, fancy white table honey in 60-pound cans at 10 cents, light amber in 60-pound cans at 8 cents. Amber in barrels Gyi cents and 7 cents according to quality. Beeswax fair demand at $33.00 per hundred. Above are selling prices, not what we are paying. May 20. C. H. W. WEBER CO. CHICAGO — The trade in honey during the past week has been of a very limited char- acter. A No. 1 to fancy comb is unobtainable and very little that will pass as No. 1 appears on sale. The prices for that are ranging from 15 to 16c. Extracted has not been selling in quantity lots and the prices for it range nom- inally the same as for some time past, being from 8c to 9c for the white, and 7 to 8c for the various kinds of amber. Beeswax has been in fair supply and brings from 30 to 32c per lb. according to color and cleanliness. Yours truly. May 20. R. A. BURNETT & CO. DENYER, COL.— Old crop comb honey all sold. We expect ths first or the new crop by the middle of Jvily if weather conditions are favorable. We have a good stock of very fine extracted honey which we are quoting in a jobbing way at 9c for strictly white, 8c for light amber, 644 to lyic for strained. We pay 20c in cash and 28c in trade per lb. for clean yellow beeswax delivered at Denver. Yours very truly, THE COLORADO HONEY PRODUCERS' ASSN. June 25. F. Rauchfuss, Manager. CINCINNATI.— There is very little demand for honey at the present time; nevertheless, for the fancy comb honey we have we are getting $3.75 a case from the wholesaler, and $4.00 from the retailer. Light amber honey in large quantities we are selling at Gyi to 7J^c per lb. and fancy table at from 8"^c to 10c, according to the quantity and quality purchased. Owing to the great loss of bees, no doubt there will be a fall in the price of beeswax, and only for the choicest wax can we pay 28c to 29c per pound delivered here. THE FRED W. MVTK CO. "The Busy Bee Men." Tune 19. '51 Walnut St. NEW YORK. — Nothing new in comb honey; small shipments of new crop are coming in from the South and are selling at from 13c to 16c according to quality. E.xtracted honey. — Arrivals of new crop from the South are now coming in quite freely, as well as from the West Indies. Prices are rather unsettled as yet, ranging all the way from 70c to 90c per gallon, according to quality. Reports from California are rather conflicting, some of them estimating this year's crop at 500 cars, while others claim a very short crop. No offerings have been made as yet that we know of, and no prices established. Beeswax steady at from 30c to 31c. June 24. HILDRETH & SEGELKEN. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 271 O Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your advertisement in this department. =o BEES ANI} QUEENS. Golden Italian Queens, Nuclei, and full colonies. See price-list in May Review, page 197. Is.\AC F. TiLLiNGHAST, Factoryville, Pa. A Limited Number of Leather Colored Ital- ian Queens for Sale. Warranted purely mated, $1.50. Geo. B. Howe, Black River, N. Y. Colonies of Italian Bees in L. hives, 10- fr., full of stores — any time. Jos. Wallrath, Antioch, Cal. For Sale. — Bees, queens and supplies. Pure- blooded poultry and eggs, way below standard prices. A. M. Applegate, Reynoldsville, Pa. Nutmeg Italian Queens, after June 1, $1.00. Circular. A. W. Yates, 3 Chapman St., Hart- ford, Ct. Front Line Italian Queens, well bred and hardy. After June 1st, 6 for $4.50. Satis- faction guaranteed. T. B. Hollopeter, Pentz, Pa. Italian Queens. — Three band strain only. Tested $1.00 each; Untested $0.75; $7.00 per dozen. No disease. Send for price list. J. W. K. Shaw & Co., Loreauville, La. Queens and Nuclei. — A strain of Italians developed for honey-gathering ability. My en- tire time has been given to them for 12 years. W. D. AcHORD, Fitzpatrick, Bullock Co., Ala. Choice Italian Queens, delivery beginning April 15. Untested, 75 cts. ; tested, $1.00. Ten years' experience in queen-rearing. Send your orders now. F. Hughes, Gillett, Ark. Golden Italian Queens — L'ntested. war- ranted $1.00 each; si.x for $4.50; twelve for $8.00. Good reports where tried for Black brood. J. B. Case, Orange, Fla. Northern Bred Hardy Queens of Moore's strain of Italians ready the last of June; un- tested, $1.00 each; 5 for $6.00; 12 for $9.00. Orders filed and filled in turn. P. B. Ramer, Harmony, Minn. \'ermont Queens and Bees — Three-banded Italian-Howe strain crossed with best honey gatherers I ever owned. $1.00, untested; 6 for $5.00; nuclei, $1.00 per frame. Add price of queen. H. William Scott, Barre, Vermont. Golden Italian Queens that produce golden bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each $1, six $5; tested $2. J. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. Queens. — Mott's strain of Italians and Car- niolans. Bees by pound, nuclei. 1 en-page list free. Plans for Introducing Queens, 15 cts.; How to Increase, 15 cts.; both, 25 cts. E. E. Mott, Glenwood. Mich. Italian and C.arnolan Queens — Nucleus and full colonies; bees by the pound; apiaries in- spected for brood diseases; bee supplies; write for circular. Frank M. Keith, S3J/2 Florence St., Worcester, Mass. Our Golden Queens produce beautiful golden bees, that are great honey gatherers and very gentle, and our leather colored will please you. (Government inspection). C. W. Phelps & Sox, 3 Wilcox St., Binghampton, N. Y. For Sale. — Moore's strain and golden Italian queens, untested, $1.00; six, $5.00; twelve, $9.00. Carniolan, Banat, and Caucasian queens, select, $1.25; six, $6.00; twelve, $10.00. Tested, any kind, $1.50; six, $8.00. Choice breeders, $3.00. Circular free. W. H. Rails, Orange, Cal. Carniolan Queens. — Bred from best im- ported stock. Many colonies can be manip- ulated without the use of smoke or veil. L'n- tested, one for $.75, six for $4.50, twelve for $8.00. Tested, one for $1.00, six for $5.00, twelve for $10.00. William Kermax, Dushore, Pa., R. D. 2. Bees and Queens — Italian Queens at 75c, $8.00 a dozen; tested $1.00, $10.00 a dozen; Cyprians, Carniolians, Caucasians or Banats at si. 00, tested $1.25; 2-5 gal. cans, 58c; 1 lb. bottles, $3.75 per gross; bees, supplies and honey. Walter C. Morris, 74 Cortlandt St., New York City. Golden Queens. — N'erj- gentle, very hardy, and great surplus gatherers. Untested, golden to tip queens, that should produce golden to tip workers, $1.00; select tested, $3.00; also nuclei and full colonies. Send for circular and price list to Geo. M. Steele, 30 S. 40th St.. Phila- delphia, Penna. If you wish the best of untested three- banded Italian queens send us your orders — 75 cents each, $8.00 per dozen. Safe arrival and satisfaction. No order too small nor too large to receive our prompt attention. The Golden Rule Bee Co., Rt. 1, Box 103, River- side, Cal. Golden and 3-Banded Italians. — lested, $1 each. 3 queens $2.75; 6 or more, 85c each. L'ntested, 75c each; 3 queens, $2; 6 or more, 65c each. Bees per pound, $1. Nuclei, per frame, $1.25. (No disease here.) C. B. Bankston, Buffalo, Texas. Quirin's famous improved Italian queens, nuclei, colonies, and bees by the pound, ready in May. Our stock is northern-bred and hardy; five yards wintered on summer stands in 1908 and 1909 without a single loss. For prices, send for circular. Quirin-the-Queen- Breeder, Bellevue, O. For Sale. — North Carolina-bred Italian queens, bred for business: none better for honey-gathering; good recommendations com- ing in almost every day. I have Root's and Moore's strain, Davis', Quirin's, Laws', and 272 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW choice imported breeders, to get my fine honey- gathering strain from. I breed all queens in full two-story colonies running over with bees at all times. I do not keep anything but the red-clover and the goldens in my yards. Try them and see for yourself. Untested, 75 cts. ; doz., $7.00; tested, $1.25; select tested, $1.50; extra select tested. $2.00; select breeders, $3; extra select, $5. H. B. Murr.w, Liberty, N.C. HONEY AND WAX. I \v.\NT comb honey, white or light amber, at once. O. X. B.^ldwin, Baxter Springs, Kansas. Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey, and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 W. S. Water St., Chicago. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. Hildreth & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. MISCEI^IiANEOVS. Frame Manipulation made easy with "The Dandy" hive-tool; 20 cents postpaid. H. Benke, Pleasantville Station, N. Y. Rubber Stamps made to order. Breeder of Leghorns, W. Wyandotts. Jeff ^L-icOMBER, Gaylord, Mich. Wanted — Second-hand honey extractor. Must be cheap. Bee-Keeper, 1831 Fremont Ave., Dubuque, Iowa. In Florida. — Root supplies. Save transpor- tation. Free catalog. G. F. Stanton^ Buck- ingham, Fla. Aluminum Hive Numbers (IJ^-in. high) 2c each. Fig. 50. or more l^c. Postpaid, incl. brass nails. Henry Benke, Pleasantville Sta., N. Y. For Sale. — Second hand 8-frame hives, sec- tions, shipping cases, GO-lb. cans, brood combs, foundation and wax, cheap. O. N. Baldwin, Baxter Springs, Kansas. Wanted — Every bee-keeper to try a Boyum foundation fastener. See adv. on page I6t! May issue or send for circulars. Address, The Boyum Apiaries Co., Rushford, Minn., U. S. A. For Sale. — A full line of bee-keepers' sup- plies; also Italian bees and honey a specialty. Write for catalog and particulars. The Penn Co., Penn, Miss. (Successor to J. M. Jenkins.) For Sale. — New 60-lb. cans, two in a case, lots of 10 cases, 60c each; 25 cases, 59c each. 50 cases 58c each, 100 cases 57c each, F. O. B. factory in O. or 111. Quotations fur- nished on anything in cans; give quantity wanted. Large contracts enable us to make low prices. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rap- ids, Mich. Selling Out. — Danzenbaker hives and su- pers, new and second hand; also bees in either dovetailed or Danzenbaker hives. 8-frame dovetailed hives, including Italian queen and bees $4.00 each. 10-frame Danzenbaker or dovetailed hives, including Italian queen and bees, $5.00 each. Reason, other large interests consume my time. R. B. Chipman, Clifton Heights, Del. Co., Pa. B.J1AI, ESTATE. For Rent. — 160-acre ranch with 35 stands of bees. 25 head of horses, and 10 milk cows. All fenced, good water and near school. James J. Cook, Real Estate, Whiterocks, Utah. POVI.TKY'. Sicilian Buttercups — Eggs for hatching; circular free. D. S. Durall, Hurdland, Mo. Pigeons! Pigeons!— Thousands in all leading varieties at lowest prices. Squab-breeding stock our specialty; 17 years' experience. Illustrated matter free. Providence Squab Co., Provi- dence, R. I. Prize-winning S. C. R. I. Reds, thorough- bred White Orpington, Barred Plymouth Rocks, Indian Runner ducks, fawn and white; white egg strain; eggs. Day old ducks. David M. Hammond, Woodside Poultry Yards, Rt. 5, Cortland, N. Y. Real Bargains — In stock 2-lb. pullets, chicks, eggs; heavy laying barred rocks, S. C. R. I. Reds, S. C. White Leghorns, Pekin Ducks; the kind we all want; don't go on a strike all w-inter; catalog free. Crystal Spring Farm, Rt. 2, Lititz, Pa. Eggs — From Houdans, Buff P. Rocks, White Wyandottes, Buff and Black Orpingtons, Buff Leghorns, R. C. B. Leghorns, R. I. Reds; eggs $1.50 per 15, $2.75 per 30, $4.00 per 45; Bronze Turkeys' eggs, $2.50 per 11, $4.50 per 22. Address A. F. Firestone, Broadwell, Ohio, Athens Co. Why Not Have a Good Light? Here It Is! Bright, Powerful, Economical. . Odorless, Smokeless. Every one guaranteed. The Lamp to READ, WRITE and WORK by. Indis- pensable in your home. If your dealer hasn't got them, send his name and address and your name and address and we will mail as many as you want at 25c each. AGENTS WANTED EVERY- THE STEEL MANTLE LIGHT CO. aSi Huron St.. Toledo, O. BEE-KEEPERS Look up your .stock at once and send me a list of the supplies you need. I have a large stock to draw^ from to handle your orders for Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, etc.; standard goods with latest improvements fresh from the factory at factory schedule of prices. I have a general line of Root's Goods constantly on hand. My facili- tie-: for serving you are unequalled. Beeswax taken in exchange for sup- plies or cash. Italian Bees and Queens Be sure you have my 1912 Catalog of Bees. Queens and Supplies. EASI. M. NICHOI.S, Ityonsville, Mass. You get best RESULTS from our Classified Liner Columns. — Try them. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 273 PORTER BEE ESCAPE SAVES TIME HONEY MONEY 15o each, $1.05 doz. All Dealers. 3Ianiilactured only by R. & E. C. PORTER, Lewistown, 111. SECTIONS ^ We make a specialty of manufaduring Sedions. ^ Prompt shipments on all Bee-Keepers' supplies. CATALOGUE FREE AUG. LOTZ & CO. BOYD, WISCONSIN MEXICO AS A BEE COUNTRY B. A. Hadsell, owe of the largest bee-keepers in the world, has made six trips to Mexico, investigating that country as a bee country, and is so infatuated with it that he is closing out his bees in Arizona. He has been to great expense in getting up a finely illustrated 32- page booklet describing the tropics of Mexico as a Bee Man's Paradise, which is also su- perior as a farming, stock raising and fruit country, where mercury ranges between 55 and 98. Frost and sun-stroke is unknown. Also a great health resort. He will mail this book free by addressing B. A. HADSELL, Buckeye', Ariz. Bargains in Bee Supplies. The recent death of James Heddon leaves us with a large amount of Bee Fixtures and Supplies of almost every description, which will be sold at a great sacrifice. Write us for inventory and write at once, as these goods will not last long at the prices we are closing them out at. JAMES HEDDOIV'S SONS, Duwa^'iac, Michigan. W. H. Laws will be ready to take care of your queen orders, whether large or small, the coming season. Twenty-five years of careful breed- ing brings Laws' queens above the usual standard; better let us book your orders now. Tested queens in March; untested, after April 1st. About 50 first-class breeding- queens ready at any date. Prices: Tested, $1.25; 5 for $5.00; Breed- ers, each $5.00. Address AV. H. Laws, Beeville, Texas. SUPERIOR LINE BRED CARNIOLAN QUEENS During July, at the close of the clover and basswood flow, is the best time to do general re-queening. Carniolans are the best bees to continue rearing brood througli the dearth of nectar during the summer, thus insuring strong colonies for the buckwheat and fall honey flow. Prices: Select untested, $1 each, $9 per doz.; select tested, $1.50 each, $12 per doz.: Breeders, $5. Ask for our paper "Superiority of the Carniolan Bee." IT'S FREE. ALBERT G. HANN Scientific Queen Breeder, Tittstown. N. J. Established in 1878 Italian faiieasian I will sell a limited number of one, two and three-frame nuclei this coming season. "The best bees on earth," broad statement but never- theless true. 100% wintered. By the way, I am breeding queens in Houston Heights, Texas, as well as here in Michigan. All apiaries isol- ated. Prices right, and sent free. A. D. D. WOOD Box 01, Lansing', Mieli. Box S-, Houston Heights, Texas. WANTED— BEESWAX \\\\\ pay highest price. Cash on arrival. Drop us a postal. HIIiDRETH & SEGELKEN 265-267 Green-wicli St., New York, N. Y. 274 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW QUEENS OF MOORE'S STRAIN OF ITALIANS PRODUCE WORKERS That fill the supers quick With honey nice and thick. Tliey have won a woi'ld-wide rep- utation for honey-grathering, hard- iness, gentleness, etc. Untested riueens, $1.00; six, $5.00; 12, $9.00. Select untested, $1.25; six, $6.00 12. $11.00. Safe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed. Circular free. J. P. MOORE Queen Breeder, Route 1, Morgan, Ky. Bee-Keepers I will be in the market for large quantities of Clover and tiasswood H oney Again serve your own interests. Send me a sample and get my offer before you make a mistake. H. C Ahhrs West Bend, Wis. Sections and Foundation These are the things the bee- keeper needs now in a luirry. That is why you sliould consider INDIANAPOLIS as it is the greatest inland railroad center in the world. Witli this ad- vantage, together with our complete stock of first quality goods, we are able to fill your order "by next train," whicli ineans the same day It is received, at tlie longest. We furnisli Lewis goods at factory prices. Order now. The C. M. Scott Co. 1004 E. Wasliington St., INBIANAFOIiIS, INDIANA. SATISFACTORY RESULTS Will be obtained by using MANU- FACTURED COMB FOUNDATION, whicli embodies PURITY, TOUGH- NESS, TRANSPARENCY, COLOR and the PURE BEES WAX ODOR of tlie NATURAL COMB as made by the HONEY BEE. SUCH IS THE DITTMER PROCESS COMB FOUNDATION Send for Samples. All other Bee Keepers' Supplies at prices you will appreciate. We will be pleased to send you our 1912 Catalog, for the asking. Gus Dittmer Co. Augusta, Wisconsin. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 275 RUSH orders for ii falcon ft BEE SUPPLIES Quick price-list. 1000 Beeway sections $.5.50, 5M, $23.7'5 Plain sections 2.5c per M less. per lb. 5 lb. light section foundation. . .04c 50 lb. light section foundation. . .59c 5 lb. Medium brood foundation 57c 50 lb. Medium brood foundation 52c 100 Hoffman brood frames $3.00. 10 No. 14 1-story Dtd. Hives, Cover, 10 No. 14 1-story Dtd. Hives, cover, bottom, body and frames, 8- frame $13.50, 10-frame $15.00. Dovetailed supers with inside fix- tures but no sections or starters, 8- frame, 5, $2.50; 10, $4.80; 10-frame. 5, $2.75; 10, $5.30. Condensed Rush Order directions, sections and supers — Give dimensions of sections. Hives and supers, state whether 8-frame or 10-franie. Order- any article not mentioned, send money and we will even up with foundation. The best price will be given for every article with the "FAL- CON" guarantee of satisfaction. W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO. Where the good bee-hives come from. Factory, Falconer, N. Y. WANTED Extracted Honey I buy directly from the beekeepers and sell it directly to consumers, and am therefore always in a position to pay you the best price for your honey. It will therefore pay you before you sell your ' crop to send me samples of the different grades of honey you have and the amount you have of each kind and how put up, and quote ma the price you ask for each kind delivered in Preston. I pay cash on arrival of M. V. FACEY PRESTON, FiriLiMOBX: CO., MINN. MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best young basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. Michigan Honey Wanted We buy heavily every year. Have dealt with a good many members of the Michigan As- sociation. Cash paid. Write us at once, stating what you have, how put up, and price. F. P. Reynolds h Co. Woodbridge and Griswold Sts., DETROIT, MICH. 276 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Why Not REAR Your Own QUEENS? Doolittle's "Scientific Queen-Rearing" and the tf^ ^ ^^^^ American Bee Journal for 1912— Both for Only ^XmWW Kvery Bee-keeper Should Have Both Book and Bee-Papef. DOOLITTLE'S "Scientific Queen-Rearing" book contains 126 pages, and is bound in leatherette with round corners. It tells in the clearest way possible just how the famous queen-breeder, Mr. G. M. Doolittle, rears the best of queen-bees in perfect accord with Nature's way. It is for lioth amateur and veteran in bee-keeping. As all know. Mr. Doolittle has spent some 40 years in rearing queens and producing honey. He has no superior as a queen-breeder. You can learn to rear fine queens by following his directions. Read up now before tlie bee season is here. You will not regret having this book, which also gives his management of the bees for the produc- tion of honey. The book, and the American Bee Journal for 1912, for only $1.00, is certainly a big bargain for you. Send the $1.00 now, and we will begin your subscription with January 1, 1912, and mail you this book. Sample copy of the Bee Journal free. .\ddi'ess AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, HAMILTON, ILL. Shaf er Meets You '^eZ". Face to Face I Want You to Know That you are losing big, hard dollars every day that you continue to sell your honey the ordinary way. I put my system before you. It's been tried and tested. It's defeated cheaper competition at every turn. It's created a new way. One sale makes more. Your customers will tell their friends. You will increase your profit on every section and sell four to one because lt*s Modern, lt*s Clean, If s Sanitary, It's Attractive, It's Proven a Success Send for complete FREE sample of successful selling plan to W. S. SHAFER, Dept. B., 2311 N Street, South Omaha, Nebraska. USE THIS COUPON M. H. HINT & SON General Agents for Root's Goods Lansing:, Mich. Dear Sirs: — Please quote me your prices on the at- tached list of bee supplies 1 need. Also send me your G4-page catalog, and a complimentary copy of "The Bee Keeper and The Fruit Grower." Name Address. "Grigrg's Saves you Freight." TOLEDO For me! Is every bee-man's guide when he wishes goods quick. Big stock Root's goods ready to ship same day order is received. Wholesale prices on Chick Feed, Beef Scrap, Grit, Shells, etc. Honey and Beeswax wanted. Catalogue Free. S. J. GRIGGS & CO. 26 N. Erie St. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 277 Make Your Own Hives Bee Keepers will save money by using our Foot " SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford, Illinois. "If goods are wanted quick, send to Pouder." BEE SUPPLIES Standard hives with latest improvements. Danzen- baker Hives, Sections, Foundation, Extractors, Smokers, in fact everything used about the bees. jMy equipment, my stock of goods, the quality of my goods and my shipping facilities cannot be excelled. PAPER HONEY JARS For extracted honey. Made of heavy paper and paraffine coated, with tight seal. Every honey producer will be interested. A descriptive circular free. Finest white clover honey on hand at all times. I buy beeswax. Catalog of supplies free. WALTER S. POUDER, Indianapolis.Ind. 859 Massachusetts Avenue. When You Buy Lewis Beeware You Get... LEWIS QUALITY — Which means that all Lewis Hives are made out of clear white pine, and Lewis sections made out of fine bright basswood. The material in these goods is the best obtainable and selected by experts. LEWIS WORKMAIVSHIP — The Lewis factory is equipped with the latest improved machinery constantly watched over by experts. The Lewis head mechanic has had thirty-five years of bee supply experience, the superintendent of bee hive de- partment twenty-nine years, the superintendent of sections twenty-eight years. These and many other skilled men have a hand in all the Lewis goods you buy. LEWIS PACKING — All Lewis Beeware is carefully and accurately packed — a patent woven wood and wire package made only by the Lewis Company, is employed largely in packing — this makes the package light, compact and damage-proof. LEWIS SERVICE — Years ago all goods were shipped direct from the factory with attending high freight ratts and delays during the honey season — now Lewis Bee- ware can be obtained almost at your own door. Over thirty distributing houses carrying Lewis Beeware by the carload are dotted all over the United States and foreign countries. Write for the name of the one nearest you. G. B. LEWIS COMPANY Manufacturers of Beeware WATERTOWN, WIS. 278 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW The Shamu Patent Roller Entrance HIVE BOTTOM Makes Bee-Keepingf Pleasant and Profitable for Both ^ Amateur and Professional spring and for Robbers' Small Entrance. Because it . . . Keeps colony warm for 1)reeding up l)y shutting out cold winds, snow and sleet in early spring months. Allows for feeding in a honey dearth without heing ii\terrupted. Controls swarming. Protects against robher bees. Insures mating queens with the right kind of drone to suit the bee- keeper. Showing the Large Entrance to Hive on Rollers when Desired. Enables you to separate the drones from the worker bees without con- flicting with the working of the hive. Allows for ample ventilation in the hight of the honey flow. Can be instantly closed so that bees may be moved from one yard to another, or in and out of cellar. The price is reasonable and the comfort, profit and satisfaction from its use repay you many times over. Price $l.oO f. o. b., Liverpool, „. . „ . . , . ., a, ,i j^ NT \- Arlrlr^cc ^11 rnmmiin i.-p- Showing Feeder and Ventilator. Also Used for J\. \. Address all communica- Store Room for Extra Boards and Roller tions to when Not in Use. Dr. CHAS. G. SHAMU Box 48 Liverpool, N. Y. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 279 n Fill out this Crop Report Blank at once, and send it to The National Bee -Keepers* Association, 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Michigan. At the January meeting the Board of Directors passed a resohition that the Secretary should get a crop report from every memlier of the National Association, and from it compile a report to he sent to every memher, giving him the facts concerning the honey crop, as well as some information con- cerning the markets. Do not hesitate to report the facts promptly and honestly, as they will he used for your good. They should reach this office not later than juiv 2.5th. Name Address Numher colonies, spring count? .....Will you have comb honey for snle? How put up? h'rom what source gathered? Estimated amount? Will you have extracted honey for sale? How put up? F"rom what source gathered? Estimated amount j' Have vou bees for sale? How many colonies? Do you wish to buy bees? ;.... When? How many colonies? Have you beeswax for sale? How many pounds? How many colonies did you have in the spring of 1911? How many spring of 1912? How many pounds of honey did you produce in 1911? How manv in 1912? All subscribers to the Review, as well as all members to the "National," are asked to fill out and send in this report. It will be the only way that we can give you definite facts concerning the honey croji, and thus arm you with the information you must have to be able to intelligently set a price upon your honey crop this year. Yours truly, E. B. TYRRELL, Secretary. 280 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW This Can for 20 cts., in Crates of 50. F.O.B. Detroit. For this same can, packed two in a box, the price is 60c per box. Note the paneled sides, the inner seal, and remember the tin is heavy. Size of can, 9^ square by 1 3^3 inches high, with 1 % inch cork lined, inner seal, screw cap. ThisPait for Pa cfs., in Crates of 100. F.O.B. Detroit A friction top pail. Put in the honey, push down the cover, and you have no leakage. Size of pail, 6^3 inches in diameter by 7 inches high. Write for descriptive circular giving full particulars, prices, and freight rates, to Ttie National Bee-Keepers' Association 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. .^ r No. so No. 51 No. 52 No. 53 Glass Packages For Honey. According to instructions given by the Board of Directors, we have made arrangements with one of the largest glass manufacturers to fur- nish our members with glass packages this year. Only four sizes were selected, and it is hoped that as large orders will be sent in as possible, for what we do this year will determine whether we can get even better arrangements next year. On car lots either for these lour sizes or for any special size, write and we will see if we can get you a still closer price. No. 50 Jar holds one pound of honey. Has tin screw cap. Packed 2 dozen in a corrugated paper case, at 85c per case, F. O. B. Pittsburgh. Xo. 51 .Jar holds % of a pound of honey. Tin screw cap. Packed 2 dozen in a corrugated paper case, at G5c per case. F. O. B. Pittsburgh. No. 52 Jellie, holds % pound of honey. Tin cap. Packed 2 dozen in a corrugated paper case, at 40c per case. Packed 4 dozen in a case at 70c per case, F. O. B. Pittsburgh. Per barrel, 13c per dozen, plus 50c for the barrel. No. 5.3 Squat Jellie, holds }4 pound honey. Tin cap. Packed only in cases holding G dozen, at 90c per case, or by the barrel at 13c per dozen, plus 50c for the barrel, F. O. B. Pittsburgh. A barrel holds from 20 to 25 dozen jellies. Be sure and send in your orders in plenty of time, sending cash with the same. These prices for members and subscribers only. THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION, v.. 230 Woodland Ave., DETROIT, MICH. .J ROOTS BEEXEEPERS SUPPLIES You may have a catalog of supplies; but if you haven't ours for 1912 you have missed something really worth while, and should get one at once. It is the largest and most complete ever published — more than a mere price list of supplies — a book that every beekeeper can read with pleasure and profit. Beginners will find answers to many perplexing questions, and ad- vanced beekeepers timely suggestions that will save them money. Old customers are writing us frequently letters like the following: Your catalog for 1912, designated ROOT'S BEEKEEPERS' SUPPLIES, is received, and I certainly thank you for this book. I have had your catalog on my desk for years, and have used Root's supplies all along. I note the enlargement and improve- ment in your new catalog, and notice many things I expect to add to my apiary. Crystal City, Texas. C. W. Cox. Our catalog this season also gives a full and complete list of books and booklets which we can supply. Many of these booklets are free, which doesn't mean that they are not worth read- ing, but simply that we want you to be informed on the subjects of which they treat. Send for a catalog, and check those in which you are interested. Quick Deliveries Next to having the best goods made, there is nothing so important to tlie beekeeper in the busy season as to have goods delivered just when they are wanted most. It isn't always possible to ship goods from a distant factory and have them reach destination within a day or two, as is sometimes necessary during the height of the season, but with distributing-houses located in the large shipping-centers we are able to supply beekeepers everywhere, with no loss of time and with minimum transportation charges. Send Your Hurry Orders to any one of the offices listed below, and let us show you what we can do for you in point of service. Cars are going to these branches at the rate of two or three a week, so the stocks are new and fresh, and we usually have just what you want. If it isn't in stock at your nearest branch our manager will include your order with his specifications and you may have your goods come in the next car, thereby saving on transportation charges and getting the goods in better shape than you would by local freight. Whatever Your Wants we can supply you, and, of course, there is no question about the quality of our goods. The name "ROOT" in connection with bee-supplies means the best of every thing in this line, and the best is always the cheapest, as our customers will testify. If you have never used our supplies you should make a trial of them this season. Once used, we are sure you will want no other. I have just received my goods, order No. 10,739. I am more than pleased with them. I had intended to make my bives, but when I received the sample hive and saw the_ No. 1 pine lumber from which it was made, and considering the workmanship, _ I am satisfied I can buy cheaper than I can make them; enough cheaper to save the price of the lumber. O. C. Mills, Barton Ldg., Vt. BRANCH OFFICES Kew York, 139-141 Franklin St. Cliicagro, 213-231 Institute Place Philadelphia, 8-10 Tine St. Des Moines, 565 VT. Seventh St. St. Paul, 1024 Mississippi St. Syracuse, 1631 Genesee St. Washing-ton, 1100 Maryland Ave. S-W. Mechanic Falls, Maine Distributing" Depots in Many Iiarg-e Centers The A. I. Root Company Executive Offices and Factory MEDINA, OHIO THE CHAS. F, MAY CO., PRINTERS, D ETROIT, M ICH . ^ — ' Pilfi1i«tiQ/4 \l\r\niU\ii PubJishGd Mont% AUG. 1912 "•^ "▼- -V DETROIT MICHIGAN ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR This Big Touring Cai' $1600 Completely Equipped [aJciejccajir A classy big- car — that will fairly fly over the roads. De- signed for the utmost comfort and attractiveness. Five passengfer capacity. SEIiF-STARTER, TOO. ^ The special features of the Cartercar make this the best popular priced tourinp' cs value on the market. It has the patented Friction Transmission which makes it far superior to any gear driven car from an efficiency standpoint. It will climb a 50% g:--,' -has any number of speeds — one lever control — no jerks or jars- ■'^d .c the usual gears. ^ Four other excellent ^ are every one lead- ers in their class. Full floating rear axle, valve encased motor, th-ee •j.aitc. rear elliptic springs, and all modern ideas. Let us send ,ou catalog. Cartercar Ciinpany , - wi/ "iuc, Michigan BRANCHES: NEW T02'" , CHXCAaO, DETROIT, KANSAS CITY. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 281 SURE. Ql D COMBS ARE VALUABLE If Shipped to Us for Rendering. We Extract 99V2 Per Cent of Wax And then pay you Highest Market Prices Or 2 cents additional in Trade. YOU CANT APPROACH THAT FOR PROFIT. We need great quantities of Comb and Extracted Honey. Write us. THE FRED W. MUTH CO. " The Busy Bee Men " 51 Walnut St. CINCINNA7I, O. White Comb Honey Fancy and No. 1. We Need Large (s^uantities and Can Use You^s WRITE US American Butter & Cheese Co. 31-33 Griswold St. Detroit, Mich. 282 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW '^LtVELANOHI THE COAST LINE City or D| '^, '°n j-iiife DETROIT CLEVELAND BUFFALO NIAGARA FALLS TOLEDO PT. HURON CODE RICH ALPENA ST.ICNACE >\\^>\n\^n\n\\\v::>ana::: THE CHARMS OF OUR SUMMER SEAS Spend your vacation on the Great Lakes, the most economical and enjoyable outing in America. WHERE YOU CAN GO Daily service is operated between Detroit and Cleveland, Detroit and Buffalo; four trips weekly between Toledo, Detroit. Mackinac Island and way ports; daily service between Toledo, Cleveland and Put-in-Bay. During July and August, two boats out of Cleveland and Detroit, every Saturday and Sunday night. A Cleveland to Mackinac special steamer will be operated two trips weekly from June 15th to September 10th. stopping only at Detroit every trip and Goderich. Ont.. every other trip. Railroad Tickets Available on Steamers. Special Day Trips Between Detroit and Cleveland, During July and August. Send 2 cent stamp for Illustrated Pamphlet and Great Lakes Map. Address: L. G. Lewis, G. P. A., Detroit, Mich. Philip H. McMillan, Pres. A. A. Schantz, Gen'l Mgr. Detroit and Cleveland Navigation Company 522SSS5S5SS55S55S55SSSSSSSSSSS Special Delivery During this month we shall double our usual efforts in points of delivery and service. Early indications not having been most favorable, it is possible many beekeepers will not laid in a sufficient stock of supplies, such as sections and foundation, for the clover have laid in a sufficient stock of supplies, such as sections and toundation, tor tne clove and basswood this month. We are prepared to make up for this oversight by having large stock of both sections and foundations on hand for instant delivery. We carr nothing but the Root make, which insures the best quality of everything. We sell a factory prices, thereby insuring a uniform rate to everyone. The saving on t charges from Cincinnati to points south of us will mean quite an item to b 4-1-.i.~ ♦■ii.-.-if ^.-T, \Afo n ,-c. c/^ l/-ionto/l t-linf wrf^ ^nn I'naL-.i iminPr^iatp clTintTIPnt f We sell at transportation ^ nnaii to points souin oi us win mean quuc au iicm lu beekeepers in this "territory. We are so located that we can make immediate shipment of any order the day it is received. Honey and Wax If you haven't made arrangements for the disposition of your honey and wax tor this season, consult us. We buy both in large quantities, and can assure you of fair and courteous treatment, and a good price for your crop. Shipping-cases lb sell your crop to the best advantage it must be well put up in attractive style. We have shipping cases that answer every requirement of looks and utility. Small pro- ducers who sell their crops locally will be interested in the cartons in which comb honey is put up to sell to the fancy customers at top-notch prices. We have honey-cans, too, in cases for those who produce extracted honey. In fact, there isn't anything we don't have that the beekeeper needs, cither to produce his crop or help to sell it. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. 2 1 46 Central Ave. Cincinnati, Ohio THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 283 IF BEES COULD TALK They Would Say: "GIVE as 'Dadant's Foundation' IT'S CLEAN, IT'S PURE, IT'S FRAGRANT, IT'S JUST LIKE THE COMB WE MAKE OURSELVES " If you are not using "DAD ANT'S FOUNDATION" drop us a card and we will give you prices or tell you where you can get it near you. DADANT & SONS, I*lT.',!?5°i'I: A. G. WOODMAN CO., Grand Rapids Agent for Michigan The Shamu Patent Roller Entrance HIVE BOTTOM Makes Bee-Keeping Pleasant and Profitable for Both Ama- teur and Professional Because It . . . Keeps colony warm for breeding up by shutting out cold winds, snow and sleet in early spring months. Allows for feeding in a honey ~'_j dearth without being interrupted. Controls swarming. Protects against robber bees. Insures mating queens with the Drone Escape in Place; also Queen and Drone right kind of drone to suit the bee- Excluders turned in. keeper. Enables you to separate the drones from the worker bees without conflicting with the working of the hive. Allows for ample ventilation in the hight of the honey flow. Can be instantly closed so that bees may be moved from one j'ard td another, or in and out of cellar. The price is reasonable and the comfort, profit and satisfaction from its use repay you many times over. Price $1.50 f. o. b. Liverpool, N. Y. Address all communications to DR. CHAS. G. SHAMU Box 48 Liverpool, N. Y. 284 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW (ESTABLISHED 1888) OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION Office OF Pu BLiCATiON ... 230 Woodlan d Aven ue VOL. XXV. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, AUGUST 1, 1912, No. 8. Importance of Specialization. M. V. FACEY. ' "Jl X the August Review, ^Ir. Demuth takes exception to my say- Tl ing that a certain bee-keeper with 300 colonies of bees en- gaged in the honey business to his loss, with the remark that this man had too little to do instead of too much. It seemed to him that possibly my business as a dealer may have influenced my point of view. If ^Iv. Demuth will take the trouble to look back over my writ- ings he will find I have been more of a bee-keeper than a dealer, handling from 500 to GOO colonies, besides extending repeated help to my farmer friends. In doing this work I did all my work with- out help at all times except during the surplus season, when I had my extracting crews. Aly experience in the bee and honey line has been rather varied and extensive. The result of experience has been to make a thor- ough believer in specialization of me. The successful specialist in bee-keeping is the result of education, experience and development. Xo person can launch into bee-keeping as a specialist from the be- ginning. He first has his small yard in connection with his farm. his poultry or some other source of income, by which he can turn his penny. In this way experience is gained, then more bees are added, less work in other lines, then more bees and more bees until all attention, all work, all thought and energy is concentrated upon the bees. How many hees should the specialist keep? This will depend upon the subject. One person may only succeed in handling 300 or possibly 400 colonies, another 500, another 600 or more,- but 286 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW that number will necessarily depend upon the operator and must be determined by him. One law the bee-keeper, as a bee-keeper, should set down as a law unchangeable and settled : That is, that all other work and every other interest must yield to the demands of the bee 3'ard. If you are going- to make a real big success of your bees you have to give them your best thought and then more thought, and do not be satisfied until all your bees are doing their very best. It makes me tired sometimes when I see a bee-keeper satisfied with half the crop of honey which should be his and making believe that he is getting the best crop possible. The call to get more bees is right. The more bees the better until the beeman has all the bees he can handle, but whoever, in his ambition for numbers, fails to get the best out of his bees and fails to unravel the secret by which the continuous energy of bees is sustained, is hardly the successful bee-keeper. In securing the largest possible yield — and the large yield really involves no more work than the smaller one — bee-keepers have much to learn yet. Neither will they learn until they dare to be, if nec- essary, unconventional to think for themselves, and Xo dare to strike off along new lines if necessary. What I am trying to mipress upon my readers have been abundantly proven by my experience of this year. I do not keep bees as largely now as in the past. Last spring I had fifty colonies in our yard. I sold eight of these colonies, and increased the remaining 42 colonies to 100 colonies, v/hich are each occupying from two to three stories. I sold 17 queens and pro- duced over 5,000 pounds of surplus honey, ripened and capped in the hive before extracting. If you write to any of my neighbors or any one in Southern Minnesota, you will find that our past season has been very poor, with not exceeding half a crop of honey. En- tire time occupied, about two weeks. Had I not paid due attention to the uniform inspiration of my yard with energy, I would have been well pleased with 50 pounds per colony. WHV IiARGZ: BEE-KEEFIIRS CANNOT SEIiIi THEIB HONEV. I have always advised the small bee-keeper to market his own honey. Most of them can do it and should. By selling it them- selves, I mean by other ways than wholesaling it. But the man with the 300 colonies was busying himself with all his might in the honey business and neglected his bees. He was doing a lot of work, but he spread himself out so much, and sought to cover so many things, that he left many loose ends. He sold his honey and made two or three hundred dollars more upon it, but he lost his bees. He had the ability to properly care for and save his bees, he THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 287 had the ability to sell his honey. He sold it and lost his bees. Did he gain or lose? BEE-KEEPING AND HONET-SEIiIiING BOTH SFECIAIiTIES. I know something of bee-keeping and I know something about selling honey. My experience has taught me that either occupation requires the very best there is in a person. If you are going to suc- ceed as a bee-keeper you will give that work precedence to every- thing else. Everything else will be neglected for your bees, and you win. I am not writing this for the one who loiters or forgets. A bee-keeper can never be his best, and forget. If he is sufficiently alive he ought to make more from his 300 colonies than his neigh- bor with all his varied interests. If you are a dealer the same holds. Let no man think he can make any great success as a dealer in honey and not give the work the very best there is in him. His business is his constant thought, his ambition, his endeavor and when we have done our best there are many problems ahead of us awaiting our solution. No man is versatile or capable enough to do justice to both. He is a less efficient bee-keeper than he might be by being a dealer; he is less efficient as a dealer by being a bee-keeper, and in the honey business no person can afford to be less efficient. He should be more effi- cient and still more, and there is ample scope for all the thought and energy and intelligence he has to spare. HOW BEE-KEEFEBS HAVE I.OST BV BETAIIiING THEIB OWN CBOF. There has been no great gain to bee-keepers in the past in re- tailing their own crop. There are but few sections of the country untouched by the depressing influence of the "direct from bee- keeper" honey, and in some sections they have been selling it at retail for less than wholesale prices, while a great many retail their honey at less than a cent per pound advance over the wholesale price. The depressing effect of this habit is so great that were it not for it bee-keepers might now be receiving at wholesale as much for their honey as we mail order dealers receive for our honey, and were it not for the fact that many bee-keepers — perhaps the major- ity— do not understand grading their honey, prices would be lower than they are now. Preston, jMinn. [Those of you who read Mr. Demuth's article will remember that I indorsed what he said. And now I am willing to indorse what Mr. Faccy says. The fact is that both of these gentlemen are together on the main point, and that is "spe- cialization." Mr. Demuth found that when he had but little to do, he took as much time to do it as when he had a lot to do. In the latter case he was obliged to systemize his work, and work along definite plans. Mr. Facey started out as a bee-keeper, and tinally drifted to honey selling. He finds that either job is big enough for 288 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW one man, and from what he writes I know that he works along definite Hnes, or by a system. But what I want you to notice most, is the fact that selling honey is a busi- ness. Too many pay but little attention to the selling end. Others do not ask or get the price they should. Each man is trying to be a salesman, when but few are capable. This very fact is one cause of the farmer not getting his proportion of the selling price for his produce. It is also true of the bee-keeper. When he gets together with his brother bee-keeper, and picks one man to do his selling for him, then will he reap his full reward, and not before.] Adventures of a Queen. F. L. POLLOCK. '^^^ HE queen in question was an Italian and came from a south- \^j ern breeder. She arrived in May, and was introduced to a hybrid colony, which promptly balled her. I rescued her by dropping the ball into a cup of water, and tried again, and this time she was accepted. Later in the summer, when opening the hive, I found her balled again. Again I saved her, but the colony did not seem to do well, and I supposed that she had probably been injured so as to be of little use. Her colony was wintered in the cellar, got dysentery rather badly, and came out very weak in the spring. I had been absent from the yard one day in April, but, on returning late in the after- noon, I found that this colony Avas being robbed. Knowing that they were too weak to fight 1 carried the hive into the cellar, but when I examined them next morning I found that the robbing had been done. All the honey had been carried ofY, the brood destroyed, but, strangeh', the queen was still alive, with about a hundred bees with her. The colony was done for, however, so I carried the frame oi bees and the queen to another yard, where a colony had become queenless during the winter and was very weak. About ten daA^s later I looked into the hi\'e, and found that I had intervened too late. There were not more than two dozen bees left, scattered all through the hive, and the queen was all alone on a comb, but laying eggs with apparent tranquility. It was another colony gone, but I picked up the queen and dropped her into another queenless colony. This one had only re- cently lost their queen, and had plenty of stores, but only two frames of bees and one of brood. It was in a ten-frame, chaff-packed hive. I covered them up warmly, contracted the entrance, and left them alone, expecting them to die, for I felt sure that that queen had endured too many hardships of life to be of much further value. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 289 About a month afterwards I noticed a great many l)ees coming and going from this hive, and fancied that it might be dead and being robbed. I opened it and was amazed. I do not he when I say that there were fully eight frames solid with live bees, and seven frames full of brood. That long-sufifering queen must have started at once laying to her full capacity, and the hive was so warmly packed that a few bees were able to take care cf a great deal of brood. This shows again the value of spring protection. That queen had traveled a thousand miles in a mailing cage, had been balled twice, had two colonies killed under her. been rob- bed out once, and survived to build up one of the best colonies in the yard out of a weak nucleus. I am going to use her for a breeder this year. StoufYville, Ont., Can. A Discussion of Those Picture Grading Rules. BY THE SUBSCRIBERS. {Continued from July.) • ^ y^ \\'E.STERN subscriber, who does not want his name used, ^„^\, takes an unfavorable view of the illustrations shown and also criticises in a measure the rules adopted by the Col- orado Association. He says in part as follows : "I am sorry to see you print above (juotations of honey, the illustration you do as to grading. I suppose you use the eastern grading rules as to basis for the cuts. Having graded nearly ac- cording to Colorado rules for years, we cannot but think it puts Colorado and western honey at a disadvantage in selling to dealers. Your Fancy is exactly like Colorado Number 1. Your Number 1 is Colorado Number 3, and )^our Number 2 is Colorado culls. Re- gardless of all rules. I would not case up and offer for sale, except as culls, a sample like the one you call Number 'I. It is a lower grade than ought to be offered on the market at all, as it is a dis- appointment to any case buyer and to the poor customers who do not feel they can afford 20c or 25c for a cake of honey. This would naturally cost him 3 2c to 15c to let the dealer out whole, and the purchaser would be paying about 50c a pound for what he buys of real honey. "Then any dealer who has bought such Number 2 will not pay much for Number 2 again, and our good Number 2 will be sold accordingly. It creates fraud and mis-representation to have several systems of grading in the country, and I had hoped the National would revise its rules, so as to come nearer to the ordinarv run of 290 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Mr. J. Allan's Oakleigh Apiary with residence in the rear and honey house at the right. Mr. Allan is one of New Zealand's leading bee-keepers and is president ot the Southland Bee-Keepers' Association. crops, using- fancy only for perfect sections of honey. The Col- orado rules are a little too strict in some ways, not elastic enough as to weight to suit all conditions, as I have had finely finished white honey that would fall ^^2 to 1 pound below the Number 1 weight, requiring Number 2 grade to be assigned it. This wrongs the producer, as practically in poor years we may not have a case up to full weight in 1,000 cases, but according to Colorado rules, we would have to drop 25c to 35c a case, in price, on account of one pound shortage. I think there should be some way of grading this as Number 1 and indicating the weight. The dealer who retails his honey by the cake gets full price, and the producer ought not to lose more than the actual shortage in the weight according to the class or grade to which the quality and finisii of the honey would justly entitle it. But to allow any honey to be put in a case for general market as poor as 3'our sample of Number 2 would be a detriment to all producers, as when you allow so bad a sample to be put into a case, there are so many bee-keepers of so many ideas as to what is fair in selling, it is likely there would be a mixture of culls sold for Number 2 as to disgust every one who would g^et a case of it, while Ijy holding a Number 2 to a good fair weight, but allowing some imperfections in finish it enables producers to sell at a fair price what would otherwise be on hand to dispose of. Possibly would call Number 1 such a grade, but Number 1 to most THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 291 people means Xumber 1 regardless of a Fancy, and as we have to sell mostly to people who have not a technical education in honcA- production, it would seem that the Colorado rules are better than your illustrations are numbered, and if weights were attached to Colorado gradings, so as to allow a light Xumber 1, and a Xumber 3 to take honey not below 12 ounces in weight, but in some ways not up to Xumber 2, it would fit the conditions of production better and the reasonable rights and expectation of the average purchaser." While we are discussing the Colorado rules, let us read what Director Foster has to say regarding the same. 'Sir. Foster has not only had experience in producing honey, but also knows what it is to be on the road as a traveling salesman selling the honev to the trade. His views can not help but be based upon experience. "The discussion of the pictures used in the Review at the head of the honey quotation page, has brought out some good points. And I will try and add a few more. The idea of using pictures to show the way to grade comb honey has been used by the Colorado State Bee-Keepers' Association for a good many years, and has worked well except that weight and color cannot be shown to ad- vantage. In the main it is a success. The comb honey producer should use a top and bottom starter, and from the appearance of the three sections in the picture no bottom starters were used. The A frame of Queen Cells from the Apiary of Mr. Robert Gibbs of Southland, New Zealand. Mr. Gibbs was formerly a New Zealand government expert, but has now taken up queen rearing privately. 292 THE BEE-KEEPERS REVIEW so-called Number 2 shows the result to a frightful degree. AMiether 3^ou grade by the Colorado rules or any other rules T believe that any intelligent person will agree with me that no section the comb of which is attached only half way down on one side and but a third on the other, and not coming closer than an inch to the bot- tom, should be classed in any sliipping grade. It would not even ship safely in one of ]\Ir. Crane's paper cases. I do not believe in classing culls as grades at all. One man told me that if we adopted such strict grading that he could not sell half his honey. My an- swer was that his producing methods were forty years behind the times. If half of one's honey is such as this so-called Number 2, it is the fault of the bee-keeper and not that of the rules. "The section called Number 1 has a few open cells besides those of the outside row next to the wood, which according to the Colorado rules disqualifies it from the Number 1 grade, but I might say that the fact is there is a good deal of honey no better capped than this goes into the Number 1 grades. Bee-men are unwilling to see the unsealed cells, it seems. A few mistakes are made by fail- ing to look on both sides of a section when grading. "The Colorado rules now recognize four shipping grades, which admits of more of the honey being uniform in the cases than when there are but three grades. The nearer we can come to having every section like the others in the case the better will the buyers he satisfied. Apiary of Mr. Wm. Turns of Montague, Mich. These bees are kept in the heart of town. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 293 The place where J. B. Holsinger of Johnstown, Pa., keeps sweet. A nice looking apiary, friend Holsinger. "You say that the Colorado rules might be unjust to the Col- orado bee-men when Number 1 honey is sold as fancy grade. There may be something in this but very little. Colorado honey sold intel- ligently brings as near what it is worth as any. We now have a fancy grade, however, which is just our Number 1 white, called a fancy grade. It may help the buyers some in knowing what they are getting. Of course now our Number 1 grade may be sold as fancy too, but if the principle of giving the buyer no better goods than he expects from the average honey producer is adopted by all, where is the improvement in methods to come in? There is one thing sure : the bee-keepers of the country never march as one solid phalanx. There are some who have to do the pioneering in intelli- gent grading, and out in the west we have found that it pays when the buyers once find out what you have got. Maybe you will get the shiftless man's price one year, but it don't last forever. ■'I believe that National grading rules are a possibility, but they should recognize the standard section, full separatored and packed in the double tier shipping case only. Grading rules cannot be made for every size and style of section. "The Colorado rules may not be perfect, but they have been adopted, amended and discussed by more extensive producers than any others. They are the result of experience both on the producing and selling side with the market at the best price ever in mind." Mr. Isaac V. Lobdell, of Troy, N. Y., is well pleased with the 294 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW cuts shown, saying- that "It is an object lesson that will help won- derfully in the matter of grading." Another subscriber, Mr. C. S. Gailbreath, of Beresford, Florida, writes : "Those cuts at head of grading rules are just the thing. \Miy was it not done before? \\'e learn more from a glance at the picture than we could from reading the rules many times." Mr. R. B. Slease, of Roswell, New ^Mexico, does not favor the pictures as shown. In writing me he says: "I have been intend- ing to write you about those sections of honey you have been show- ing on the grading proposition, ever since I first saw them, but have kept putting it off till now. What you show as fancy is noth- ing more than a fair Xo. 1. Your No. 1 is strictly a No. 2, and should not go in No. 1 under any circumstances, and your No. 2 is a cull not fit to go on the market at all. All such sections should either be cut out and run through the capping can or extracted and used as bait sections." Improving Your Bees While Producing Honey. GEO. B. HOWE. {Contihticd from June iiiiiiiber.) Environment has much to do with your queens. Remember that and do not be careless if others are. You will find it pays to do things right, even in queen rearing. NON-SWARMING BEES. Is it impossible to breed a non-swarming strain of bees? Now let us take this matter up in a sensible way, and look at both sides. Do you think that just because you used an incubator to hatch your chickens, that you would get a non-setting strain of poultry? Some seem to think that because we rear our queens artificially by using cell cups that we will soon get a strain that would not swarm. I would like to ask any bee-keeper that don't believe it possible to breed a non-swarming strain of bees, "Hozu long has he been breeding from a strain of bees that are not given to swarming, or seldom swarms?" After breeding bees for six 3^ears, I thought I had got practically a non-swarming strain, as in the six years they did not swarm any to speak of. Then judge of my surprise, and I might soy disgust, on the seventh year to have them swarm for a couple of days as though they were possessed. It was a)i unusual season, and was reported one of the worst seasons on record for swarming. It rather changed my mind on non-swarming bees, but should it? I knoiif now that I should have expected it, for the reason bees will swarm as well as hens zvill set, if you give them the right con- THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 295 ditions. You can easily see that the poultry keeper has the best of the bee-keeper. He can control his males in his breeding, also their food. We surely will never get non-swarming bees until we use queen mothers that have a record of not swarming; also using drones of the same strain. The incubator will not help in the least, nor Avill artificial reared queens help about breeding non-swarming bees. But you ivili have to breed and rear your queens from colonies not given to swarming. I have had one experience which has greatly encour- aged and strengthened my belief in breeding for non-swarming. I had a queen, No. 116, I reared about 50 daughters from her, and not one of them ever swarmed. I had some of those queens four seasons and I never found a larvae or o^gg in a queen cell. I would have had more of those queens, but they were too cross. If I had known what I know now, I would have given them a better trial. I learned right there even if a queen or colony was quite cross and not gentle to handle it paid to breed from her, as I find that we sometimes get our most gentle colonies from them. That is, if we have the right drones to mate with them. The bee breeder must keep a record of all colonies to a certain extent. I have for the past few years been very particular after I put a queen cell into a colony or nucleus to be sure that she hatched and was accepted all right, and then followed up to know that she was laying in 10 or 12 days, at which time she is clipped, and then J knoii.'. There is no guess work about it. It will surprise some 10 learn that at certain times bees are very reluctant about accept- ing even a queen hatched from a cell in their own hive, and will insist on rearing a queen from their own brood. I do happen to know that we have better honey gatherers than we did 15 or 20 years ago, with the poor seasons and foul brood. I think that with the common strains of bees that we had then, there would soon be fewer bee-keepers left. There are very few of the common stock left. Foul brood has cleaned the most of them up. A\'e will and must breed bees that will resist this scourge, foul brood. When one of these bee-keepers says the black bee is good enough for him, I notice as soon as foul brood strikes his apiary he soon finds out to his sorrow that he is soon out of the bee business. Yours for better bees. Geo. B. Howe. [This installment completes, judging by correspondence received from my sub- scribers, one of the most interesting and valuable articles on queen rearing that has appeared in the bee journals for a long time. Mr. Howe is certainly making a success of bee-keeping from a honey standpoint. In the series of articles just finished he has given to the bee-keeping world his secrets, so that all may profit by his past exprience. While there is bound to be differences of opinions and there will no doubt be exceptions taken to some of the positions held by Mr. Howe, yet there is no question 296 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW but what he has brought up some vahiable thoughts and that the article just con- cluded is worth a good deal to the bee-keepers. I have had a number of complimentary letters from the subscribers concerning what Mr. Howe has written. We shall hope to read more from his pen in the future.] Capping Melters — Bottom Boards — Stone Cellars. E. T. BAINARD. ^^^ O the extracted honey producer nothing" has l)een more 4^^ awkward than to have his honey house littered with tub or barrel draining cappings, all exposed to dust and the ever keen robber bee. The capping melter is certainly a welcome machine as it is, even though the honey that goes through it is of poorer grade. Buckwheat or other darker honeys may not be in- jured, but our lighter grades of clover are injured in color. I don't think the heat alone is the cause, but it is the slumgum or, possibly, the hot wax that discolors the honey, especially when compelled to separate in a gravity separator. The- current through this separator is downward in the direction of the How of honey and the heavier particles of dirt found on the bottom of a cake of wax could be drawn down and through the separator with the tiow of honey. At any rate, the honey after candying had a dirty scum on top, showing that honey, like warm milk, will take tip impurities while cooling. The capping melter we used the past season was made with two 16-inch round boilers, one inside of the other and water space between, but the melting surface is far too small, and the outlet on one side insufficient for the rapid escape of the melted product, as the partly melted mass of cappings moves towards the outlet and blocking it, even though no screen is used. In my estimation a capping melter shotild contain a large numl)cr of water tubes, similar to a steam radiator or a water cooler on an automobile, and the honey to escape from several openings near the bottom and to cool at once in small vessels. ANOTHER BOTTOM BOARD. In the February Reniew, Mr. Lee Beatipre describes a bottom board that I have used for years, but I am discarding it for a better one, for two reasons : I prefer a bottom board Avithout any front projection that is just the same size as the hive; rtrst, easier to move bees with and, second, better for wintering. The dead bees drop away quicker. The main board for the bottom is n>4 inches wide by 18^2 inches on the under side and lT,?s inches on the top THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 297 side, the front being cut back on a bevel. The two side strips are J/g inches thick, 1^ inches high and 19^8 inches long. The back bottom cleat is J^ inches thick, 1^2 inches wide and 13^4 inches long, nailed under the back end. The front cleat is similar, but is 2}'2 inches wide. As this forms part of the bottom Roor a strip >}-^ inches thick and 113'2 inches long closes the opening at the back end on top. When completed this bottom board is 13^4 inches wide and 197/8 inches long, the size of the Hedden hive. The entrance is 1^4 inches deep at the front, but only }i inches under the frames. For Avintering outside we close the ends of the entrance, but leave the center IJ4 inches deep by about o^i inches long. The bridge over the entrance in the outside w^intering case is about 3 inches deep, nailed to the bottom of the outside packing case, and is about 4 inches wide. A storm door with several small holes in it keeps out wind and mice. STONE Ci:i.I.ARS. Years ago my father built a root cellar with walls about 18 inches thick of solid stone. It would keep out very little frost. A second wall 8 inches thick of sawdust was built inside, leaving an inch air space. This improved it, but the mice got into the sawdust and destroyed the dead air space. Finally the sawdust was thrown out and earth banked up on the outside up to the eaves. The frost does not go through the earth. Stone offers the least resistance to frost of any of the building materials. For a cellar, cement blocks with air spaces would have been much warmer and drier. Lambeth, Ont., Canada. Breeding for General Improvement. LEO ELLIS GATELEY. "^^ft HAVE read wuth interest those articles in the January and Tl February issues, but am at a loss to understand how anyone can, in the light of what has been accomplished, view with doubt the ultimate result of the present research for an improved type of honey bee. That the different varieties, strains and individ- ual grades of bees, with which we are at present familiar, are sus- ceptible to all sorts of crossing and modifications, can no longer be doubted except by those who have made no eft'orts in such direc- tion. The mutableness of the species is admitted by Mr. Newell in stating that while the golden strain of Italians has probably been established through a continued course of selection, no reason exists 298 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW for doubting that mutations were involved. Of the fact that years of close selection has made this distinctive strain what it is, there can be no doubt, but that mutations were used should also be evi- dent for the mutability of the Italian has been repeatedly demon- strated. FABTHENOGENESIS A HEI.F. The parthenogenetic development of the male bee is considered by some to be a great hindrance to rapid work in securing an im- proved type, but should rather be the greatest of all aids, as it obvi- ates the necessity of seeing that all drone producing colonies are headed by queens of pure mating. Though the mating problem is truly a serious one, it is by no means so difficult as to be any bar to real progress. W'here another extensive apiary is in close proximity and furnishing hordes of in- ferior drones, of course an effectual l^arrier to progress is presented. The only relief from such a contingency is to move, ^^'ith but few other bees within a radius of three or four miles, such will soon become Italianized and prove no hindrance to operations. Not always is it the case, but the drones used in fertilizing queens should and can, owing to parthenogenesis, be all the descendants of one mother, which is, of course, the breeding queen used the preceding year. When desirable to add new blood, to avoid consanguinity, or to try out another stock of bees, it should be introduced through the medium of the drones. SEI.ECT HONEV-FBODUCIITG STOCK AS BBEEDERS. Without doubt the most serious difficulty that is encountered in this work is to make intelligent selection of breeding queens. No queen should be used as a breeder unless her workers are above the average as honey gatherers and right here is where a mistake will be made, unless most discriminating judgment is used, and one has a practical knowledge of the natural laws surrounding the produc- tion of honey. Colonies that store above the average are generally those in which brood-rearing was so regulated that it had a strong force of workers of the right age and at exactly the critical moment to take advantage of the flow and may be either blacks or hybrids. Strictly, therefore, in regard to high yields one needs be governed largely by the conditions of the colony as a whole, at the time of selection, and also its previous management. Plainly, if one is not thoroughly familiar with the scientific points involved in the pro- duction of honey, he will be most certain to select a queen to be- come the head and cornerstone of his entire apiary that is not a mutation in the sense he expected. The golden Italian strain marks an epoch in breeding for im- provement and the builders of it are worthy of the utmost praise. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 299 In comparison, however, with the darker strain, such as is imported from Italy, the yellow bees usually fall below the average in all points except color. It is the opinion of some that the breeding of this abnormal amount of color has weakened the bee in vitality, but this view can not be substantiated. An error has been made in breeding for color only and slighting the more important points of general improvement. Let us begin such improvement with this bee, and it will soon become the equal of any. Ft. Smith, Ark. A Few Further Thoughts of Co-operation. JAMES K. HEDSTROM. V^<%ITH tariff protection to shut out foreign competition in most Vit^ lines of business and production, there exists as never before a great need for co-operation. There is too mucli lack of trust and competition between ourselves. The Orange Growers' Association of California is a grand ex- ample of what can be done by co-operation ; the members all agree that only from within can this great organization be disrupted. Today they are in a position to demand and receive fair treatment at the hands of the railroads ; recent reductions in freight rates prove this. Their influence is felt as far as Washington, D. C, when there is talk of reductions in tariff on oranges and lemons. They are respected by Republicans and Democrats alike. Grow- ers of other fruits have enjoyed temporary or partial success only because they were not thoroughly organized ; there were just enough independent growers on the outside tlwt zvcrc not taken care of, to pull down the association price. Bee-keeping is becoming more of a specialty than ever before. !\Iore men are casting loose from other lines and "keeping more bees." In other words, there are not so many bee-keepers but more bee specialists. NATZONAI^ DESERVES SUPPORT. The National deserves credit for what it has done and deserves the support of every bee-man in the United States to become one of the largest business organizations in the Avorld. Bee-keepers have kept together in a social way remarkably well. Now is the time to get down to business — if you will pardon the expression — cut out "chewing the rag." Alarket your honey through the association, grade fair and square and according to standard, then the buyer cannot force the price down by putting your honey in a lower grade. The association must sell your honey if you are to receive the best price for it. The association must represent you, as you are a 300 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW part of the association, otherwise we are no Ijetter off than now. The large buyers of honey made $-10' per ton on most of the California honey last year. The association would have to be very poorly managed not to save the greater part of this sum to the bee-keepers. FREIGHT RATES. Through co-operation, acting together, tlie Pecos Valley Bee- Keepers' Association received a reduction in freight rates. The Colorado Bee-Keepers' Association has successfully marketed its members' honey and outsiders' for the last ten years. vSee what is being done right in our own ranks. In California the rate on one ton of honey is just the same as on a carload ; here is room for improvement. Through co-operation the bee-keepers would be in a position to correct the many inequal- ities existing. They would receive the respect that other large bus- iness concerns receive, and would receive further consideration on account of their voting power. The waste in business methods in the United States is enormous, and especially in be«-keeping. Then the bee-keepers have to stand to lose for this waste; every penn}^ wasted means so much less for your honey. If Smith produces one ton of honey he should receive just as much per ton as Jones who produces ten tons. If Smith does not care to produce more than one ton that is his aft'air. Co-operation will not eliminate individ- ual effort, but it will give weak and strong alike a square deal. If you do not treat the small bee-keeper as your equal he v/ill be- come your superior by selling to your competitor. P'urther, it is not fair to ask the man who keeps a few bees (4 or 5 hives) to pay membership dues but he is more than willing to pay his proportion per ton for marketing his honey. It is to the interest of the big fellow to take care of this little fellow. Calabasas, Cal. [Let me call j'our attention to one sentence in the above article which is worthy being cut out and pasted up in our room as a motto. That sentence is, "If you do not treat the small bee-keeper as your equal, he will become your superior by selling to your competitor." Read this over and then think about it. How often extensive honey producers forget the importance of the small bee-keeper when considering their affairs. An old farmer, living near ray boyhood home, often made this remark, "While the big guns shoot the heaviest, the little ones scatter all over." What he meant was that we must not overlook the fact that a whole lot of apparently unimportant people have more influence, as a rule, than a few of the big ones we generally pick out as leaders. Co-operation ceases to be co-operation the minute we forget the smallest ones in the ranks. It is the duty of the many working together to throw the protection ■of this united effort over the least important in the organization.] THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 301 Published Monthly E. B. TYRRELL, Managing Editor. Office — 230 U'oodla?id Ave., Detroit, Michigan Associate Editors: E. D. TOWNSEND, Northstar, Mich. WESLEY FOSTER, Boulder, Colo. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post ofifice at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Ha- waiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. DLscontinuanoes — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. Advertising rates on application. EDITORIAL An Editorial Board of Review. The members of the National will welcome the information that Ave now have an Editorial Board. This broadens the scope of our journal, taking it from the ranks of a one-man publication. The editorial field can be much better covered by three editors than one, and it will give me, as your Secretary, a much better chance to push the business end of your association. I am glad to have the .support of two such good men as Mr. Townsend and Mr. Foster. Committee on Grading Rules. Acting on Director Townsend's suggestion I will take up the matter with the buyers regarding a committee to represent them at the next convention and hope to be able to announce their names in the September Review. This is getting the matter down to a "definite action and should accomplish some results. Gleanings Helps The Review in Its Fight for Uniform Grading Rules. I was pleased to note in July 15th Gleanings an editorial sug- •gesting the very plan of establishing a set of uniforni grading rules that I had proposed in the July Review. It is a peculiar coincidence that both editorials mentioned were written without the knowledge that the view taken was in accord with the other's views. I cer- taining appreciate having the assistance of CAcanwgs in this matter, .as I am still of the same belief that I had when I started the discus- 302 THE BEE- KEEPERS' '" K\V sion and that is that a set of Uniform Grading Rules is possible, the opposition to the contrary notwithstanding-. Please note what Director Townsend has to say regarding this in this issue. Crop Report Blanks. A great many have not filled out and sent me their crop report blank published in the last Review, so I am inserting the blanks again in the August number wnth the request that every reader who has not already done so, fill out and send me the blank at once. This will give me an opportunity to give you a much better report of crop conditions in the September number. Producing, Preparing, Exhibiting, Judging Bee-Produce. Recently there came to my desk a little book of 168 pages, ex- clusive of the advertising pages, and bound in a heavy paper cover, bearing the above title. It was written by Wm. Herrod, F. E. S., Jr., Editor of the British Bee Journal, and Apiacultural Advisor to the Colonial office. I can without hesitation pronounce it a complete treatise on the subjects named, and it is well worth securing by any one at all interested in bee and honey exhibits. The book contains 15 chapters as follows : 1. Introduction. 2. The Judge. The Exhibitor. Duties of Secretaries and Stewards. 3. Advice to Exhibitors. Advantages and Inducements of Exhibit- ing. 4. Points to be Observed and Methods of Judging. 5. Judging by Points. 6. Producing and Preparing Extracted Honey. 7. Pro- ducing and Preparing Comb Honey. 8. Producing and Preparing Wax. 9. Producing and Preparing By-Products with Recipes. 10. Observatory Hives, Appliances, Trophies, and Scientific Exhibits. 11. Packing Exhibits. 12. Despatching Exhibits. 13. Showing as a Means of Disposing of Honey. 14. Rules, Regulations and Sched- ules. 15. Attractive and Educational Work. The large number of illustrations which the book contains makes the descriptive matter very clear by showing in picture what is told in print. As an illustration, a description is given, together with illustrations, showing how to produce special designs in comb honey, something which is found on many of our state premium lists, but which practically no bee-keeper knows how to produce. The price of the book is not given, but it can be purchased from the British Bee Journal, 23 Bedford St., Strand, W. C. How to Reach Those Who Don't Take Bee Journals. In Gleanings for July the loth, Mr. P. C. Chadwick, of Redlands, Cal., wonders how to reach the bee-keepers who don't take the bee journals. This is a problem that has been discussed by many THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 303 in the past and is one of much importance to the bee-keeping industry. I believe that one of the best methods of reaching this class of producers has been overlooked and entirely ignored in the past. That method is through the institute work done by the state agri- cultural colleges. So far as I know Michigan has never had an institute worker in behalf of bee-keeping up to the present time. Every year she sends a special instruction train through the state, carrying exhibits as well as lecturers to talk to the farmers on different topics. ^ly trip with that train this year demonstrated to me that it was a splendid means of reaching the small bee-keeper and of emphasizing the importance of the honey bee to the farmer and business man. So I would suggest. Friend Chadwick, that to reach the man in California who does not take a bee journal, that you take this matter up with your state officials and arrange for a lecturer on bee-keeping in the institute work. In addition, don't forget your association of farmers' clubs, and if it becomes necessary I honestly believe that a man can at least pay expenses to get up a good lecture and travel from town to town giving lectures and demonstra- tions in bee-keeping. The thing to guard against in these talks is not to try to cover too much ground and also be sure that your hearers do not get the impression that bee-keeping is a royal road to wealth. In other words, don't attempt to influence every one to keep bees. The Honey Crop This Year. The crop report blanks, which were sent you with the July Review, have only partially been returned. In many cases it was too early for the sender to give an estimate. This report is not to be considered final, as a more definite report will be given in the September number, but so far as they have been sent in up to July 30th, conditions are as follows : Throughout the eastern part of the United States, or the clover belt, the crop has been a great deel heavier than last year. This in spite of the heavy loss of bees last winter. Illinois, ^Michigan, Wisconsin, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York [Maryland, A^ermont, Xorth Carolina and Xew Jersey, have all had a heavy flow of honey. From present reports the crop in Michigan will be only about one-sixth more than last year, as the winter loss seemed exceptionally heavy in this state. Canada reports an increase over last year. In considering these reports we must not forget that they are from the better class of bee-keepers, and that undoubtedly a great deal more honey will be consumed in home markets, owing to the fact that there will be no competition from the small farmer 304 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW bee-keeper, whose bees were practically wiped out last winter. Minnesota reports about the same amount of honey as she had last year. A different story, however, is told from the West. California and Oregon both report practically a failure. Colorado is yet to be heard from, as it was too early for their report. Idaho has about the same as last year, Utah a trifle more, and Montana considerably more. Iowa and Missouri both report heavy crops. From the South we find Alabama a failure, Arkansas one-half less and Texas at least one-sixth less. It must be understood that these figures are based on the crop secured last year, which in the East was practically a failure, so that while a good deal more clover honey is reported for this year, it would probably not be more than an average crop, taken one year with another. Then considering the fact that some of the western states report a failure, it would seem that those who have some honey to sell should realize an average price for the same, but little, if any, less than was received last year. With the honey reaching the highest price a year ago, con- sumption was cut off to a certain extent, but this was at the later part of the season, when the prices were raised above normal. I hope to be able to give you a more definite report next month, as all of the crop reports should be in by that time. I don't want any producer to get scared on reading the above and sell his honey at a low price. Either get a fair price now or wait until you get the September Review giving further reports. What Has the Harvest Been? This is a question that interests both the producer as well as the dealer in honey. The dealer, with his numerous ways of finding out, already knows long before the producer, who has been alto- gether too busy producing the crop to think much along the line of turning his product into cash. Now that the crop is upon the. hive at least, the producer begins to think "what has the harvest been?" and what about the price to ask for the crop that has taken him toward a year to produce, taking into consideration the getting his bees over the last hard winter, which was no small job, when a half of the bees in the northern states either died outright or were so reduced in numbers that they were of very little use as surplus honey gatherers during the season. Another point to be taken into consideration this year is, bees died much further south the last hard winter than usual. Almost the whole scope of the clover belt suffered this loss, so in considering the prospects of the extent of THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 305 the clover crop of surplus honey at this time, it would be necessary to about double the product of those that did winter and get into shape for the harvest, to make this year's crop as large as a year ago, which was the smallest on record. It is true that very large yields of honey per colony have been harvested in some locations this season, but the number of colonies that were strong enough to gather a normal quantity of surplus honey this year were very few indeed. It is my opinion that the better grades of both comb and extracted honey for table use will be about the same as a year ago, and we are asking the same price for ours with the expectation of its selling rather better than a year ago, as the quality of Michigan honey is much better this year than last. The fact is, it has been several years since we have had such a normal flow of honey as this year, and the honey seems corre- spondingly better for this reason. What is true in Michigan is likely true all over the clover-producing region. What I have said about the quality of the clover honey is equally true of the 'Mich- igan raspberry and basswood. Rich, ripe, that exquisite flavor so much relished by the discriminating public is prevalent this year. This "quality" feature will surely go a long ways toward creating a demand for this year's crop of honey. The producer who sold his better grade of white extracted honey suitable for table use a year ago for less than 9^2 cents to 10 cents per pound, on track, can now take out his pencil and figure up his loss, for he surely lost the difference, aside from making it "just a little harder" for his brother bee-keeper to get the price for his honey. Comb honey should bring about twice that of extracted was the way we used to figure when we were producing comb honey. Brother, it is up to you. The situation is in your hands. You, the most of you at any rate, still have your crop of honey on hand, much of it still upon the hive. You can have the market price for your hard-earned product, or you can part with it at a cent or two below the market, the dealer pocketing the difference. Which will you do this year? Your selling below the market will not help the consumer one whit, for the dealer is wise enough to look out for number one, when once the honey is in his hands. Demand a good fair price for your product this year, brother. It's yours for the asking. The dealer is not your enemy, far from it ; really he is your very best friend, but he is human, and will buy at the best figure he can — it's natural, it is business. All one need do is to meet him half way. You have the opportunity this fall. E. D. TOWNSEND. 306 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW Officers. Directors. George W. York, President. ... Sandpoint, Ida. E. D. Townsend, Chairman Remus, Mich. MoRLEY Pettit, Vice-Pres. . . Guelph, Ont., Can. J. M. Buchanan Franklin, Tenn. E. B. Tyrrell, Secretary Detroit, Mich. Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. 230 Woodland Ave. J. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. N. E. France, Treas. Gen. Mgr., Plattville, Wis. F. Wilco.x Mauston, Wis. (rational Branches and Their Secretaries. Arizona Honey Exchange New Jersey— E. G. Carr New Egypt, N. J. G. M. Frizzell, Tempe, Ariz. N. Michigan — Ira D. Bartlett Adirondack — H. E. Gray.. Fort Edwards, N.Y. East Jordan, Mich. Colorado— Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. Ohio — Prof. N. E. Shaw, Dept. of Agr Chicago-Northwestern— L. C. Dadant Columbus, Ohio Hamilton 111 Ontario — P. W. Hodgetts, Parliament Bldg., Idaho— R.' D." BradshavV. '.'.". '.'.".'.'. . . Notus, 'ida! ^ • • • • • • ' \Vr-\ Toronto, Ont., Can. Illinois— Jas. A. Stone. . . Rt. 4, Springfield, 111. Oregon— H. Wilson Corvallis, Ore. Iowa— C. L. Pinney Le Mars, Iowa Pecos Valley— Henry C. Barron Indiana— Walter Pouder, 859 Mass. Ave. . . Hagerman, New Mexico Indianapolis, Ind. Twin Falls — C. H. Stimson. .Twin Falls, Ida. Missouri — J. F. Diemer Liberty, Mo. Tennessee — J. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn. Michigan — E. B. Tyrrell, 230 Woodland N'ermont- P. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. Ave., Detroit, Mich. Washington — J. B. Ramage Minnesota — C. E. Palmer, 1024 Miss. St.. Rt. 2, N. Yakima, Wash. St. Paul, Minn. Wisconsin — Gus Dittmer Augusta, Wis. An Editorial Board for The Review. By authority of Rule No. 20, the Board of Directors have appointed Mr. Wesley Foster and E. D. Townsend as Associate Editors of the Bee-Keepers' Review, to act until the delegate meet- ing in February, or until their successors shall be elected. They take up the reign of duty with the September, 1912, number. E. D. Townsend, Chainnan. Now for National Grading Rules. In the July Review, Editor Tyrrell suggests the advisability of having a committee appointed to meet at the next National meeting in February, to draw up a set of Uniform Grading Rules for Comb Honey. The scheme is to have the board of directors of the Na- tional select three experienced comb honey producers, who thor- oughly understand the grading of comb honey, to meet with three experienced comb honey dealers who understand the requirements of the market, and the six formulate a set of grading rules that it is hoped will be accepted as a uniform set by both the producer and dealer. As chairman of the Board of Directors, I promise the hearty support of the board in this matter, and that we will only be too willing to do our part and have our three of the committee on the ground at the next meeting of the National, in February, 1913. I THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 307 would further suggest that three alternates also be appointed by- each of the parties. There is so little time bet^veen now and our February meeting', and so much to do in the line of discussion on this subject, I would suggest that the secretary of the National, Mr. Tyrrell, appoint three honey dealers of influence, the first one mentioned being chairman, as is customary, as a committee to take this matter up with the dealers, and determine who shall be their representatives. It will be unnecessary for me to say that the pages of the Re- view will be open for this discussion ; it is open, and has been for some time, as the readers know. At least one bee journal has offered its service in this matter, and it is to be hoped all the journals will lend a helping hand in the matter of uniform grading rules for comb honey. E. D. TowxsFND^ Chairman. Co-operative Bee-Keeping Among Farmers. It is a well-known fact that there are hundreds of farmers who are attempting to keep a few colonies of bees, giving them no care and securing but little, if any, surplus. These colonies are also a damage to the man who wishes to make bee-keeping a business, be- cause they are a source of spreading bee diseases in many cases. There are still other hundreds of farmers who would like to keep bees, but are afraid of the stings or have not the time or inclination to give them the proper attention. Again there are many bee-keepers who are anxious "to keep more bees,'" but who lack the means for doing this. Xo one will question the advantage of having bees in the neigh- borhood where fruits and seeds are grown. Many will question the advantage of having them scattered around a few colonies in a place in inefficient hands. What would prevent one, then, from starting a Co-operative Farmers' Apiary? Suppose you call a meeting of the farmers in your neighborhood at some central point, say in a public school- house. Talk to them regarding the advantages of the bee to the fruit and seed crops, the disadvantage of each farmer trying to han- dle a few colonies, and get as many interested as possible. You will no doubt find many who would like to keep bees, and then suggest that an apiary of fifty to a hundred colonies be formed in a central portion of the neighborhood. Let the farmers either con- tribute the bees or else furnish money to buy them. Figure out how much it would cost to establish an apiary including the bees, surplus receptacles, honey-house and extractor if they are used. Divide this total cost into as many parts as you will have hives of l)ees in the vara. Let each farmer take from one to not more than 308 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW five parts or shares. If a farmer wishes to turn in bees as his share, have a certain fixed price for those bees, but do not pay an exorbi- tant price for them. This yard is then to be placed in charge of a competent bee- keeper on shares, the bee-keeper getting one-half and the farmers the other half of the crop produced. The farmers' part will be divided into as many divisions as there are colonies of bees and each one given his or her proportionate share. If one-half of the bees should die the coming winter, proper increase would be made and the total honey crop would again be divided into the same number of equal shares as there were colonies in the yard when the apiary was first established. It is no more than fair for me to say that I don't know of the above plan ever being put in operation, but I can see no reason why it could not be made to work. There will be some details to work out, and if any one desires to undertake it I will be glad to corre- spond with them and oft'er any other suggestions which may occur. The benefit of the plan would be that you would still give the farmer a chance to keep bees, but they would be kept in a scientific manner in charge of a competent person. The Washington Branch Passes a Resolution of National Interest. The following resolution was read at a well-attended meeting of the Washington State Bee-Keepers' Association, held at Wapato, Washington, May 25, 1912, and, after a general discussion, was put to a vote and carried unanimouslv. Whereas, Foul Brood, an infectious disease of the honey bee in its larval state, has been spreading at an alarming rate during the past six or seven years, and, Whereas, The essential cause, a bacillus, or microorganism, has to be carried from one locality to another by some agent to which it attaches itself, chief of which has been the extensive mailing of queen bees and their attendants, and, Whereas, Queen breeders without special training do not under- stand the details of sterilizing objects, such as the queen cages, their hands, implements, clothing, etc., and as boiling the honey used in the mailing cages without other precautions would be a false safe- guard and furnish no assurance of safety to the purchaser and calcu- lated to do mischief because it is now indorsed and sanctioned by a ruling of the post office department, and. Whereas, Honey properly sterilized by boiling would be taken by unsterilized hands using an unsterilized spoon or other instru- ment, put into an unsterilized cage, a queen and her attendants without any knowledge as to condition is put into the cage and by the present ruling is accredited as safe to the purchaser; and, THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 309 irJicrcas, In our economic conditions the general welfare of the bee-keeping industry is -vastly of more importance than is the rear- ing of queens. .VoTc. therefore, be if Resolved, That we, the ^^'a^hing•ton State Bee-Keepers' Association, in convention assembled, respectfully peti- tion the post office department at ^^'ashington that queen breeders with foul brood in their yard or among bees in their charge, be de- nied the use of the mails for the transmission of queen bees or other objects or appliances intended for use by bee-keepers, and we would further respectfully petition that a ruling embodying the following features be adopted, viz : that queen breeders furnish the local post- master with a certificate from a properly authorized bee inspector, stating that all bees in their charge are free from foul brood or, when no inspector is available, they are to take an oath before a notarv or other person authorized to take acknowledgments, that thev do not have foul brood in their yards, or arhong bees in their charge, and that the honey used in their mailing cages is a product of their own apiary, and, further, that they are not personally, i.e., with their own hands, bottling or otherwise handling honey bought from outside localities. The certificate of inspection or affidavit to be renewed every ten days during the mailing season of queens, a copy to be furnished the local postmaster and one to be sent to the purchaser. And further be it Resolved. To make our position as public as possible in order to warn the queen buying bee-keeper. Also that a copy of this resolution be mailed to Postmaster-General Hitchcock, Dr. E. F. Phillips, of the Bureau of Entomology, \\'ashington. D. C, and Secretary AA'illson, of the Agricultural Department, and the vari- ous bee journals and bee-keepers' associations. A. E. BuRDiCK. President. J. B. Ram AGE, Seeretarx. Some Proposed Changes of the Constitution. The postal regulations require that a publisher of a periodical keep a paid-up subscription list. That is, they require of us, as pub- lishers of the RFA'IE^^■, that we charge say one dollar per annum. Xo matter how bad we would like to charge the dollar for a year's dues in the National, and throw in the Review, we cannot do it without loosing the privilege of the low second-class mail rates. As far as I know there is nothing to hinder us from charging a subscription price of a dollar fi:)r the Review, and the oOc local dues be considered as a paid-up membership in the National. This is likely what we will have to do until the meeting of the delegates next February, when we will expect further instructions. 310 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW Article IV., Section 3, of the National Constitntion, reads as follows : "Membership in the National Association will begin Janu- ary 1st each year. Those joining previous to September 1st will be credited paid to January 1st following. Those joining after Septem- ber 1st will be credited paid one year from January 1st following." Since the adoption of our Constitution last year, we have ac- quired a periodical that must be taken into consideration. It looks to me as if Section 3, Article IV, of the Constitution would need to be changed to meet the new requirements. We will suppose a case: Air. Goodbeekeeper sends in his $1.50^ under date of July 1st. He is given credit to a year's subscription to the Review for the dollar, and the 50c pays his annual dues m his local association. He gets the Review for a 3'ear, and a membership in the National for six months. It seems to me under the new arrangements it would be much better were the membership to begin at the time of joining the asso- ciation, and continue one year from that date. Then there is a considerable number in favor of separating the local fee from the National fee. It never seemed fair to me to charge a member the local fee, when he is located where no local branch of the National has been organized. Then there is the amount necessary to provide to carry on each individual local branch. This amount may vary considerably, some getting along with as small an amount as 25c per annum, while other branches would re- quire as much as a dollar per annum. Each branch should be allowed to name the amount of their annual dues to suit their re- spective requirements, would be my idea along this line. A constitution should be so formulated that it will cause no hardship to either the National Association or its branches. Our present constitution is not so arranged, and I would call upon the members to help us formulate a constitution, or rather to correct a portion of the one we already have, to conform to the present needs. According to our constitution, any changes made in the consti- tution at the February meeting of the delegates, must be formulated 00 days before that meeting. It will be seen that the time is now ripe for discussion along this line of change in constitution at the next delegate meeting. What is your idea, members? E. D. TowNSEND, Chairman. Rear Your Own Queens. WANTED ^ , ,, J , „„,„ ^r^ PANCY WHITE COMB AND EX- Send your address and learn HOW TO T-RAfp-p-n tto-ktt-w COMBINE THE BEST FEATURES OF ALL XKAi/Xi-u iiujn±.x SYSTEMS, or send 50 cents for EUREKA Please write to us at once if you have any- LARVA TRANSPLANTER and full direc- to spare, stating how much and price you. tions. Satisfaction guaranteed. expect to get. MARK w MCE, THE PIERCE BROS. CO., 1714 Exposition Ave., Denver, Colo. 551 Woodward Ave., DETROIT, MICH^. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 311 THE POOREST SECTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT IN THE GRADE NAMED 'rn NUMBER ONE NUMBER TWO HONEY QUOTATIONS BOSTON. — Last season's crop of honey is all closed out and fancy new white comb we expect to sell here at 20 cents per lb., and we want the first that can be obtained for our best trade. Communications in regard to honey is solicited. White extracted, 10 to lie per lb.; wax, 30c. June 25. BLAKE-LEE CO. TOLEDO— Replying to your letter of July 29th, beg to advise that there is little doing in the honey business at the present time, very little old honey left, and no new coming in, and so far no prices have been made, every one waiting to see how the new crop is going to turn out. Fancy New Comb Honey would bring in a retail way 17 to 18c per lb.; No. 1, 16 to 17c per lb.; extracted white clover, 8^ to 10c per lb., depending on color, quality, etc. Beeswax is selling at from 32 to 35c. The above are our selling prices, and not what we are paying. July 30. S. J. GRIGGS & CO. KANSAS- CITY — New comb honey arriv- ing on the market. No. 1 white selling at $3.50 per case of ■24 sections, last year's ex- tracted selling at 7c and 7^c for amber, 8c and Syic for white. Beeswax at 25c and 28c a pound. C. C. CLEMONS PRODUCE CO. July 15. CINCINNATI— There is still some old comb honey in the market, and with very lit- tle demand. New comb honey has not yet arrived, and price will be lower than last ^e^son, ?s there is a good crop in general. ^V'ater white extracted honey in 60 pound cans is selling from 9 to 9'/4 cents according to quantity. Light amber in barrels from 6^-2 to Tyi cents, in cans from 8 to SYz cents. Bees- wax is selling at $33.00 per hundred. The above are our selling prices, not what we are paying. C. H. W. WEBER & CO.. July 18. 2146-2147 Central Ave. CINCINNATI — At this writing we have re- ceived several shipments of new Comb Honey. However, owing to the heavy crop reported everywhere, also noting that several cities have unsold Comb Honey from last year, the demand is not up to our expectations by far. For this reason, conditions must be looked into, and a range of prices is necessary in order to open up the season and enliven the buyers. The little comb honey that is moving we are selling at 13 to 16 cents a lb.; and fancy extracted honey at Syic a lb. to 10c, accord- ing to the quality and quantity purchased. Amber honey in barrels we are selling at from eyic to 7^c a lb. The above are selling prices. For strictly choice, bright yellow beeswax, we are paying 28c a lb. in cash or 30c a lb. in trade. THE FRED W. MUTH CO., "The Busy Bee Men." 51 Walnut St., Cincinnati, Ohio. July 15. DENVER, COL.— Old crop comb honey all sold. We expect the first of the new crop by the middle of July if weather conditions are favorable. We have a good stock of very fine extracted honey which we are quoting in a jobbing way at 9c for strictly white, 8c for light amber, 6^ to 7 '/4c for strained. We pay 26c in cash and 28c in trade per lb. for clean yellow beeswax delivered at Denver. Yours verv truly, THE COLORADO HONEY PRODUCERS' ASSN. June 25. F. Rauchfuss, Manager. NEW YORK. — Nothing new in comb honey; small shipments of new crop are coming in from the South and are selling at from 13c to 16c according to quality. Extracted honey. — • Arrivals of new crop from the South are now coming in quite freely, as well as from the West Indies. Prices are rather unsettled as yet, ranging all the way from 70c to 90c per gallon, according to quality. Reports from California are rather conflicting, some of them estimating this year's crop at 500 cars, while others claim a very short crop. No offerings have been made as yet that we know of, and no prices established. Beeswax steady at from 30c to 31c. June 24. HILDRETH & SEGELKEN. 312 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW CHICAGO— The trade in honey during the past week has been of a very limited char- acter. A No. 1 to fancy comb is unobtainable and very little that will pass as No. 1 appears on sale. The prices for that are ranging from 15 to 16c. Extracted has not been selling in quantity lots and the prices for it range nom- inally the same as for some time past, being from 8c to 9c for the white, and 7 to 8c for the various kinds of amber. Beeswax has been in fair supply and brings from 30 to 32c per lb. according to color and cleanliness. Yours truly, May 20. R. A. BURNETT & CO. Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge mill be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your advertisement in this department. BEES AND QUEENS. Golden Itali.\n Queens, Nuclei, and full colonies. See price-list in May Review, page 197. Isaac F. Tillinghast, Factoryville, Pa. A Limited Number of Leather Colored Ital- ian Queens for Sale. Warranted purely mated, $1..50. Geo. B. Howe, Black River, N. Y. Colonies of Italian Bees in L. hives, 10- fr., full of stores — any time. Jos. Wallrath, Antioch, Cal. NuT.MEG Italian Queens, after June 1, $1.00. Circular. A. W. Yates, 3 Chapman St., Hart- ford. Ct. Front Line Italian Oueens by return mail at 75c each, 6, $4.25; 12, $8.00; 25 and up, 60c each. J. B. Hollopeter, Panty, Pa. For Sale — Untested queens Howe strain, mated to select drones. No other bees in mating distance. $1.00 each, 6 for $5.00, $9.00 per doz. D. G. Little, Hartley, Iowa. Hardy Northern Grown Queens of Moore's strain of Italians, ready for prompt shipment untested, $1.00; 6 for $5.00; 12 for $9.00. Less for lots of 50 or more. P. B. Ramer, Harmony, Minn. Italian Queens. — Three band strain only. Tested $1.00 each; Untested $0.75; $7.00 per dozen. No disease. Send for price list. J. W. K. Shaw & Co., Loreauville, La. Choice Italian Queens, delivery beginning April 15. Untested, 75 cts. ; tested, $1.00. Ten years' experience in queen-rearing. Send your orders now. F. Hughes, Gillett, Ark. Golden Italian Queens — Untested, war- ranted $1.00 each; six for $4.50; twelve for $8.00. Good reports where tried for Black brood. J. B. Case, Port Orange, Fla. Quirin's famous improved Italian queens, nuclei, colonies, and bees by the pound, ready in Islzy. Our stock is northern-bred and hardy; five yards wintered on summer stands in 1908 and 1909 without a single loss. For prices, send for circular. Quirin-the-Queen- Breeder, Bellevue, O. Vermont Queens and Bees — Three-banded Italian-Howe strain crossed with best honey gatherers I ever owned. $1.00, untested; 6 for $5.00; nuclei, $1.00 per frame. Add price of queen. H. William Scott, Barre, Vermont. Golden Italian Queens that produce golden bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each $1, six $5; tested $2. J. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. Queens. — Mott's strain of Italians and Car- niolans. Bees by pound, nuclei. Ten-page list free. Plans for Introducing Queens, 15 cts.; How to Increase, 15 cts.; both, 25 cts. E. E. MoTT, Glenwood, Mich. Italian and Carnolan Queens — Nucleus and full colonies; bees by the pound; apiaries in- spected for brood diseases; bee supplies; write for circular. Frank M. Keith, 83J/2 Florence St., Worcester, Mass. Our Golden Queens produce beautiful golden bees, that are great honey gatherers and very gentle, and our leather colored will please you. (Government inspection). C. W. Phelps & Son, 3 Wilcox St., Binghampton, N. Y. For Sale. — Moore's strain and golden Italian queens, untested, $1.00; six, $5.00; twelve, $9.00. Carniolan, Banat, and Caucasian queens, select, $1.25; six, $6.00; twelve, $10.00. Tested, any kind, $1.50; six, $8.00. Choice breeders, $3.00. Circular free. W. H. Rails, Orange, Cal. Carniolan Queens. — Bred from best im- ported stock. Many colonies can be manip- ulated without the use of smoke or veil. Un- tested, one for $.75, six for $4.50, twelve for $8.00. Tested, one for $1.00, six for $5.00, twelve for $10.00. William Kerman, Dushore, Pa., R. D. 2. Bees and Queens — Italian Queens at 75c, $8.00 a dozen; tested $1.00, $10.00 a dozen; Cyprians, Carniolians, Caucasians or Banats at $1.00, tested $1.25; 2-5 gal. cans, 58c; 1 ' lb. bottles, $3.75 per gross; bees, supplies and honey. Walter C. Morris, 74 Cortlandt St., New York City. Golden Queens. — Very gentle, very hardy, and great surplus gatherers. Untested, golden to tip queens, that should produce golden to tip workers, $1.00; select tested, $3.00; also nuclei and full colonies. Send for circular and price list to Geo. M. Steele, 30 S. 40th St., Phila- delphia, Penna. If you wish the best of untested three- banded Italian queens send us your orders — 75 cents each, $8.00 per dozen. Safe arrival and satisfaction. No order too small nor too large to receive our prompt attention. The Golden Rule Bee Co., Rt. 1, Box 103, River- side, Cal. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 313 Golden and 3-Banded Italians. — Tested, $1 each. 3 queens $2.75; 6 or more, 85c each. Untested, 75c each; 3 queens, $2; 6 or more, 65c each. Bees per pound, $1. Nuclei, per frame, $1.25. (No disease here.) C. B. Bankston, Buffalo, Texas. Queens and Half Pound Packages — A strain of 3-banded Italian honey gatherers now ready for you. None better, none cheap- er. Untested Italian queens 50c each. Half pound bees with untested queen, $1.75. Safe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed. D. S. Jenkins writes: "I got more bees in half pound packages from you than out of one pound packages from others and your queens would be laying next morning after released and the other fellows' queens it would take some of them 4 days to commence. You treated me right." W. D. Achord, Fitzpat- rick, Ala. HONE'S- AND WAZ. Selling Out. — Danzenbaker hives and su- pers, new and second hand; also bees in either dovetailed or Danzenbaker hives. 8-frame dovetailed hives, including Italian queen and bees $4.00 each. lO-frame Danzenbaker or dovetailed hives, including Italian queen and bees, $5.00 each. Reason, other large interests consume my time. R. B. Chipman, Clifton Heights, Del. Co., Pa. For Sale. — A full line of bee-keepers' sup- plies; also Italian bees and honey a specialty. VVrite for catalog and particulars. The Penn Co., Penn, Miss. (Successor to J. M. Jenkins.) For Sale. — New 60-lb. cans, two in a case, lots of 10 cases, 60c each; 25 cases, 59c each. 50 cases 58c each, 100 cases 57c each, F. O. B. factory in O. or 111. Quotations fur- nished on anything in cans; give quantity wanted. Large contracts enable us to make low prices. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rap- ids, Mich. I WANT comb honey, white or light amber, at once. O. N. Baldwin, Baxter Springs, Kansas. Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey, and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 W. S. Water St., Chicago. Wanted — Glassed comb and clover extract- ed honey and beeswax. John O. Buseman, 2828 Germantown Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Extracted Hoxey of the finest quality — • thick well ripened, flavor simply delicious. White clover and sweet clover blend. Price 9c per pound in bright new 60 lb. cans. Sam- ple free. J. P. Moore, Morgan, Ky. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. Hildreth & Segelken, 2G5 Greenwich St., New York. MISCEIiI^ANEOTrS. Rubber Stamps made to order. Breeder of Leghorns, W. Wyandotts. Jeff Macomber, Gaylord, Mich. Wanted — Second-hand honey extractor. Must be cheap. Bee-Keeper, 1831 Fremont Ave., Dubuque, Iowa. In Florida. — Root supplies. Save transpor- tation. Free catalog. G. F. Stanton, Buck- ingham, Fla. Aluminum Hive Numbers (I'/^-in. high) 2c each Fig. 50 or more lj4c. Postpaid, incl. brass nails. Henry Benke, Pleasantville Sta., N. Y. For Sale. — Second hand S-frame hives, sec- tions, shipping cases, 60-Ib. cans, brood combs, foundation and wax, cheap. O. N. Baldwin, Baxter Springs, Kansas. Special Offers in Bee Literature, etc. Good locations for bees in new and unoccu- pied territory. Send for free circular. George W. York, Sandpoint, Idaho. REAIi ESTATE. For Rent. — 160-acre ranch with 35 stands of bees. 25 head of horses, and 10 milk cows. All fenced, good water and near school. James J. Cook, Real Estate, Whiterocks, Utah. VOVImTBTST. Pigeons! Pigeons!— Thousands in all leading varieties at lowest prices. Squab-breeding stock our specialty; 17 years' experience. Illustrated matter free. Providence Squab Co., Provi- dence, R. I. Real Bargains — In stock 2-lb. pullets, chicks, eggs; heavy laying barred rocVs, S. C. R. I. Reds, S. C. White Leghorns, Pekin Ducks; the kind we all want; don't go on a strike all winter; catalog free. Crystal Spring Farm, Rt. 2, Lititz, Pa. Eggs— From Houdans, Buff P. Rocks, White Wvandottes, Buff and Black Orpingtons, Buff Leghorns, R. C. B. Leghorns. R. I. Reds; eggs $1.50 per 15, $2.75 per 30, $4.00 per 45; Bronze Turkeys' eggs, $2.50 per 11, $4.50 per 22. Address A. F. Firestone, Broadwell, Ohio, Athens Co. BEE-KEEPERS Look up your .stock at once and send me a list of the supplies you need. I have a large stock to draw from to handle your orders for Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, etc.; standard goods with latest improvements fresh from the factory at factory schedule of prices. I have a general line of Boot's Goods constantly on hand. My facili- ties for serving you are unequalled. Beeswax taken in exchange for sup- plies or cash. Italian Bees and Queens Be sure you liave my 1912 Catalog of Bees. Queens and Supplies. EABi; M. NICHOI.S, I.yonsvUle, Mass. 314 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW CHAS. ISRAEL & BROS. PORTER BEE ESCAPE 488-490 Canal St,. New York Wholesale Dealers and Commission Merchants Honey, Beeswax, 3Iaple Sugar and Syrup, Etc. Consignments solicited. Established 1875. THE SAVES SWARTHMORE APIARIES TIME HONEY MONEY The late E. L. Pratt's Celebrated Gentle GOLDEN ALL OVER QUEENS ''^ ^''^'" '"'"' •"'^- '" °^"'^"- REDIGREED Manufactured only by PENN G. SNYDER, State Apiary Inspector ""' * ^^ ""■ ^^'''^^^' Lewisto.vn, 1,1. SWARTHMORE. PA. SECTIONS ^ We make a specialty of manufaduring Sedtions. ^ Prompt shipments on all Bee-Keepers' supplies. CATALOGUE FREE AUG. LOTZ & CO. BOYD, WISCONSIN "Grig-gs Saves you Freight." TOLEDO For me! Is every bee-man's guide when he wishes goods quick. Big stock Root's goods ready to ship same day order is received. Wholesale prices on Chick Feed, Beef Scrap, Grit, Shells, etc. Honey and Beeswax wanted. Catalogue Free. S. J. GRIGGS & CO. 26 N. Erie St. PROTECTION HIVE The best and lowest priced double wall hive on the market. This hive has Jg mate- rial in the outer wall, and is not cheaply constructed of Jg material as some other hives on the market. Packing or dead air spaced as you prefer. Remember winter is approach- ing. Get your bees into comfortable quarters before it is here. Send for a catalogue. A. G. WOODMAN CO.. Grand Rapids, Mich. Make Your Own Hives Bee Keepers will save money by using our Foot Power SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue y^.' W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford, Illinois. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 315 RUSH orders for "falcon'' BEE SUPPLIES 5 lb. 50 lb. 5 lb. 50 lb. Quick price-list. 1000 Beeway sections $5.50, 5M, $23.75 Plain sections 25c per M less. per lb. light section foundation. . .64c light section foundation. . .59c Medium brood foundation 57c Medium brood foundation 52c 100 Hoffman brood frames $3.00. 10 No. 14 1-story Dtd. Hives, Cover, 10 No. 14 1-story Dtd. Hives, cover, bottom, body and frames, 8- frame $13.50, 10-frame $15.00. Dovetailed supers with inside fix- tures but no sections or starters, 8- frame, 5, $2.50; 10, $4.80; 10-frame, 5, $2.75; 10, $5.30. Condensed Rush Order directions, sections and supers — Give dimensions of sections. Hives and supers, state whether 8-frame or 10-frame. Order any article not mentioned, send money and we will even up with foundation. The best price will be given for every article with the "FAL- CON" guarantee of satisfaction. W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO. Where the good bee-htves come from. Factory, Falconer, N. Y. WANTED Extracted Honey I buy directly from the beekeepers and sell it directly to consumers, and am therefore always in a position to pay you the best price for your honey. It will therefore pay you before you sell your crop to send me samples of the different grades of honey you have and the amount you have of each kind and how put up, and quote me the price you ask for each kind delivered in Preston. I pay cash on arrival of goods. M. V. FACEY FBESTON, FII.I.MOBZ: CO., IVUNN. MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best young basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. Michigan Honey Wanted We buy heavily every year. Have dealt with a good many members of the Michigan As- sociation. Cash paid. Write us at once, stating what you have, how put up, and price. F.P.Reynolds&Co. Woodbridge and Griswold Sts., DETROIT, MICH. 316 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW WANTED NEW CROP HONEY Both Comb and Extracted Are you looking for a market? New York is as good as any. We handle on commission and buy outright. Write us before disposing of your honey. Hildreth & Segelken 235--«7 Green^^ioli St. XEW YORK CITY, N. Y". W. H. Laws will be ready to take care of your queen orders, whether large or small, the coming season. Twenty-five years of careful breed- ing brings Laws' queens above the usual standard; better let us book your orders now. Tested queens in March; untested, after April 1st. About 50 first-class breeding- queens ready at any date. Prices: Tested, $1.25; 5 for $5.00; Breed- ers, each $5.00. Address AV. H. La^vs, Beeville, Texas. Why Not Have a Good Light? Here It Is! Bright, Powftrlul, Economical. Odorless, Smokeless. Every one guaranteed. The Lamp to READ, WRITE and WORK by. Indis- pensable in j'our home. If your dealer hasn't got them, send his name and address and your name and address and we will mail as many as you want at 25c each. AGEXT.S WANTED EVERY- THE STEEL MANTLE LIGHT CO. •<:<•? Huron St.. 'loledo. O ADVERTISE YOUR HONEY NOW! FOR SALE IT Fancy and No. 1 white clover and basswood comb honey in 4^4x1 V2 plain sections, put up in no-drip shipping :ases, holding 24 or 28 sections per case, eight cases per carrier at ISc per sec- tion by the carrier of S cases or more. Also finest quality of white clover and basswood blend extracted honey, put up in new 60 lb. square cans at 10c per lb. by case of two cans or more. This honey is the finest I have ever produced. No. 25, 4-frame Cowan Extractor in good repair for $16.00. I _L U L. S. GRIGGS 711 Avon St., FLINT, MICH. Raspberry Honey... Our crop of raspberry honey this year is very fine. It is the best in quality I ever saw. It was all left on the hives until it was all thoroughly sealed and ripened by the bees. It is thick, rich and delicious. It is put up in new GO lb. tin cans. Price $6.00 per can. A large sized sample by mail for 10 cents. ELMER HUTCHINSON, Pioneer, Mich. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 317 QUEENS OF MOORE'S STRAIN OF ITALIANS PRODUCE WORKERS That fill the supers quick With honey nice and thick. They have won a world-wide rep- utation for honey-gathering, hard- iness, gentleness, etc. Untested queens, ?1.00; six, $5.00; 12, $9.00. Select untested, $1.25; six, $6.00 12. $11.00. Safe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed. Circular free. J. P. MOORE Queen Breeder, Route 1, Morgan, Ky. This is the only place in Indiana where you can get Lewis Beeware, Dadant's Foundation, Bingham Smokers, and Prompt Shipment. Indianapolis is tlie greatest inland railroad center in the world, both steam and interurban. This helps us to give better service in receiving and shipping to all points. Orders are shipped same day received and no order is too small to receive prompt attention. Wanted: Comb and Extracted Honey, Beeswax. Catalog free. The C. M. Scott Co. 1004 E. Wasliington St., INSIANAPOIiIS, INDIANA. Bee-Keepers I will be in the market for large quantities of (clover and Dasswood //. oney Again serve your own interests. Send me a sample and get my offer before you make a mistake. H. C Ahlers West Bend, Wis. SATISFACTORY RESULTS Will be obtained by using MANU- FACTURED COMB FOUNDATION, which embodies PURITY, TOUGH- NESS, TRANSPARENCY, COLOR and the PURE BEES WAX ODOR of the NATURAL COMB as made by the HONEY BEE. SUCH IS THE DITTMER PROCESS COMB FOUNDATION Send for Samples. All other Bee Keepers' Supplies at prices you will appreciate. We will be pleased to send you our 1912 Catalog, for the asking. Gus Dittmer Co, Augusta, Wisconsin. 318 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW "If gooHs are wanted quick, send to Pouder." BEE SUPPLIES Standard hives with latest improvements. Danzen- baker Hives, Sections, Foundation, Extractors, Smokers, in fact everything used about the bees. My equipment, my stock of goods, the quality of my goods and my shipping facilities cannot be "^'^ PAPER HONEY JARS (Sample Mailed Free) For extracted honey. Made of heavy paper and paraffine coated, with tight seal. Every honey producer will be interested. A descriptive circular free. Finest white clover honey on hand at all times. I tjuy beeswax. Catalog of supplies free. WALTER S. POUDER, Indianapolis.lnd. 859 Massachusetts Avenue. E. D. TOWNSEND & SONS, NORTHSTAR, MICH, (notice change in address) Offer for sale their 1912 crop of white extracted honey in new 60 lb. net tin cans. It consists of wild red rasplaerry from our Charlevoix Co. bee-yards, clover and basswood honey blended in the extractor from our yards here at home. Our crop this year on account of lack of bees to gather it will not be large, but of very superior quality. Is without a doubt the iinest we eyer produced in nearly 40 years with the bees. My son, Delbert, who has charge of our bees in the raspberry district, writes of this season's honey as follows : "White, rich, ripe, ropy, never had such heavy bodied honey before; tank left standing over night full of this honey is so heavy body that the particles of comb it contains will not rise to the top." Mighty good honey, that! Just the kind for the dealer to buy and blend in with his "ordinary" kind, to improve the quality. We are offering either kind at the following prices on board the cars near the producing point : One can of 60 lb. net at 11 cents per pound; 2 to 19 inclusive at 10 cents per pound; 20 cans or more, to reduce stock, at 9^2 cents per pound. This latter price will be withdrawn as soon as the stock is somewhat reduced. Sample free if you will enclose 4 cents to pay the postage. E. D. TOWNSEND & SONS, New address. Northstar, Mich. Why Not REAR Your Own QUEENS? Doolittie's "Scientific Queen-Rearing" and the American Bee Journal for 1912 — Both for Only $1.00 Address AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, Kvery Bee-keeper Should Have Both Book and Bee-Papef. DOOLITTLE'S "Scientific Queen-Rearing" book contains 126 pages, and is bound in leatherette with round corners. It tells in the clearest way possible just how the famous queen-breeder, Mr. G. M. Doolittle, rears the best of queen-bees in perfect accord with Nature's way. It is for both amateur and veteran in bee-lieeping. As all know, Mr. Doolittle has spent some 40 years in rearirig queens and producing honey. He has no superior as a queen-breeder. You can learn to rear fine queens by following his directions. Read up now before the bee season is here. You w^ill not regret having this book, which also gives his management of the bees for the produc- tion of honey. The book, and the American Bee Journal for 1912, for only $1.00, is certainly a big bargain for you. Send the $1.00 now, and we will begin your subscription with January 1, 1912, and mail you this book. Sample copy of the Bee Journal free. HAMILTON, ILL. THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 319 ^ Fill out this Crop Report Blank at once, and send it to The National Bee -Keepers' Association, 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Michigan. At the January meeting the Board of Directors passed a resolution that the Secretary should get a crop report from every member of the National Association, and from it compile a report to be sent to every member, giving him the facts concerning the honey crop, as well as some information con- cerning the markets. Do not hesitate to report the facts promptly and honestly, as they will be used for your good. Name Address Number colonies, spring count? Will you have comb honey for sale? How put up? From what source gathered ? Estimated amount? Will you have extracted honey for sale? How put up? From what source gathered ? Estimated amount? Have you bees for sale? How many colonies? Do you wish to buy bees? When ? How many colonies ? Have you beeswax for sale? How many pounds? How many colonies did you have in the spring of 1911? How many spring of 1912? How many pounds of honey did you produce in 1911? How many in 1912? All subscribers to the Review, as well as all members to the "National," are asked to fill out and send in this report. It will be the only way that we can give you definite facts concerning the honey crop, and thus arm you with the information you must have to be able to intelligently set a price upon your honey crop this year. Yours truly, E. B. TVBRZ:i.i:., Secretary. 320 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW This Can 'or 20 ets., in Crates of 50. F.O.B. Detroit. NOTE THE INNER SEAL Fc ihis same can, packed two in a box, the price is 60c per box. Note the paneled sides, the inner seal, and remember the tin is heavy. Size of can, 9^ square by 13^8 inches high, with 1 % inch cork Hned, inner seal, screw cap. This Pail for 6% cfs., in Crates of 100. F.O.B. Detroit A friction top pail. Put in the honey, push down the cover, and you have no leakage. Size of pail, 6^8 inches in diameter by 7 inches high. Holds 10 lbs. Honey Write for descriptive circular giving full particulars, prices, and freight rates, to The National Bee-Keepers' Association 230 Wccdland Ave., Detroit, Mich. I No. No. 51 No. 52 No. 53 Glass Packages For Honey. According to instructions given by the Board of Directors, we have made arrangements with one of the largest glass manufacturers to fur- nish our members with glass packages this year. Only four sizes were selected, and it is hoped that as large orders will be sent in as possible, for what we do this year will determine whether we can get even better arrangements next year. On car lots either tor these lour sizes or for any special size, write and we will see if we can get you a still closer price. No. 50 Jar holds one pound of honey. Has tin screw cap. Packed 2 dozen in a corrugated paper case, at 85c per case, F. O. B. Pittsburgh. No. 51 Jar holds % of a pound of honey. Tin screw cap. Packed 2 dozen in a corrugated paper case, at G5c per case, F. O. B. Pittsburgh. No. 52 Jellie, holds i/^ pound of honey. Tin cap. Packed 2 dozen In a corrugated paper case, at 40c per case. Packed 4 dozen in a case at 70c per case, F. O. B. Pittsburgh. Per barrel, 13c per dozen, plus 50c for the barrel. No. 53 Squat Jellie, holds >^ pound honey. Tin cap. Packed only in cases holding 6 dozen, at 90c per case, or by the barrel at 13c per dozen, plus 50c for the barrel, F. O. B. Pittsburgh. A barrel holds from 20 to 25 dozen jellies. Be sure and send in your orders in plenty of time, sending cash with the same. These prices for members and subscribers only. THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS* ASSOCIATION, 230 Woodland Ave., DETROIT, MICH. V. .J ROOT'S beekeepers Supplies You may have a catalog of supplies; but if you haven't ours for 1912 you have missed something really worth while, and should get one at once. It is the largest and most complete ever published — more than a mere price list of siippHes — a book that every beekeeper can read with pleasure and profit. Beginners will find answers to many perplexing questions, and ad- vanced beekeepers timely suggestions that will save them money. Old customers are writing us frequently letters like the following: Your catalog for 1912, designated ROOT'S BEEKEEPERS' SUPPLIES, is received, and I certainly thank you for this book. I have had your catalog on my desk for years, and have used Root's supplies all along. I note the enlargement and improve- ment in your new catalog, and notice many things I expect to add to my apiary. Crystal City, Texas. C. W. Cox. Our catalog this season also gives a full and complete list of books and booklets which we can supply. Many of these booklets are free, which doesn't mean that they are not worth read- ing, but simply that we want you to be informed on the subjects of which they treat. Send for a catalog, and check those in which you are interested. Quick Deliveries Next to having the best goods made, there is nothing so important to the beekeeper in the busy season as to have goods delivered just when they are wanted most. It isn't always possible to ship goods from a distant factory and have them reach destination within a day or two, as is sometimes necessary during the height of the season, but with distributing-houses located in the large shipping-centers we are able to supply beekeepers everywhere, with no loss of time and with minimum transportation charges. Send Your Hurry Orders to any one of the offices listed below, and let us show you what we can do for you in point of service. Cars are going to these branches at the rate of two or three a week, so the stocks are new and fresh, and we usually have just what you Avant. If it isn't in stock at your nearest branch our manager will include your order with his specifications and you may have your goods come in the next car, thereby saving on transportation charges and getting the goods in better shape than you would by local freight. Whatever Your Wants we can supply you, and, of course, there is no question about the quality of our goods. The name "ROOT" in connection with bee-supplies means the best of every thing in this line, and the best is always the cheapest, as our customers will testify. If you have never used our supplies you should make a trial of them this season. Once used, we are sure you will want no other. I have just received my goods, order No. 10,739. I am more than pleased with them. I had intended to make my hives, but when I received the sample hive and saw the No. 1 pine lumber from which it was made, and considering the workmanship, I am satisfied I can buy cheaper than I can make them; enough cheaper to save the price of the lumber. O. C. Mills, Barton Ldg., Vt. BRANCH OFFICES New York, 139-141 Franklin St. Chicag-o, 213-231 Institute Flace Fliiladelpbia, 8-10 Tine St. Ses Moines, 565 "W. Serentb St. St. FanI, 1024 Mississippi St. Syracuse, 1631 Genesee St. "Washing-ton, 1100 Maryland Ave. S-'W. Mechanic Falls, Maine DiBtributing: Depots in Many Iiarg-e Centers The A. I. Root Company Executive Offices and Factory MEDINA, OHIO THE CHAS. F, MAY CO., PRINTERS, DETROIT. MICH. PubJishGd Mont% SEPT. 1912 yr -IT ^w DETROIT MICHIGAN ONE DOLUR PER YEAR This Big Touring Car $1600 Completely Equipped A Classy big car — that will fairly fly over the roads. De- sigrned for the utmost comfort and attractiveness, rive passengrer capacity. SEIiF-STARTEB, TOO. ^ The special features of the Cartercar make this the best popular priced touring car value on the market. It has the patented Friction Transmission which makes it far superior to any gear driven car from an efficiency standpoint. It will climb a 50% grade — has any number of speeds — one lever control — no jerks or jars — and without the usual gears. ^ Four other excellent models. They are every one lead- ers in their class. Full floating rear axle, valve encased motor, three quarter rear elliptic springs, and all modern ideas. Let us send you catalog. Cartercar Company Pontiac, Michigan BRANCHES: NEW VOBK, CHICAGO, DETROIT, KANSAS CITV. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 321 Perfect Rendering of Wax From Old Comb and Cappings has always been a serious stumbling block for the bee-keeper. We have overcome this obstacle by installing a mighty Hydraulic Press, which extracts every particle of wax from the slumgum. Our charge for rendering is 5c a lb., and we pay you the highest market price, remitting the day after rendering. Our process — extracting all the wax — more than pays the charges, and leaves you a greater profit than you expected, besides relieving you of that messy and unsatisfactory job of rendering. Barrel up your old comb and cappings and let us surprise you, as we have the many who have already shipped theirs. We need great quantities of Comb and Extracted Honey. Write us. THE FRED W. MUTH CO. " The Busy Bee Men " 51 Walnut St. CINCINNATI, O. White Comb Honey Fancy and No. 1. We Need Large Quantities and Can Use Yours WRITE us American Butter & Cheese Co. 31-33 Griswold St. Detroit, Mich. 322 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Special Delivery During this month we shall double our usual efforts in points of delivery and service. Early indications not having been most favorable, it is possible many beekeepers will not have laid in a sufficient stock- of supplies, such as sections and foundation, for the clover and basswood this month. We are prepared to make up for this oversight by having a large stock of both sections and foundations on hand for instant delivery. We carry nothing but the Root make, which insures the best quality of everything. \\'e sell at factory prices, thereby insuring a uniform rate to everyone. The saving on transportation cliarges from Cincinnati to points south of us will mean quite an item to beekeepers in this territory. We are so located that we can make immediate shipment of any order the day it is received. Honey and Wax If you haven't made arrangements for the disposition of your honey and wax tor this season, consult us. We buy both in large quantities, and can assure you of fair and courteous treatment, and a good price for j-our crop. Shipping-cases To sell your crop to the best advantage it must be well put up in attractive style. W^e have shipping cases that answer every requirement of looks and utility. Small pro- ducers who sell their crops locally will be interested in the cartons in which comb honey is put up to sell to the fancy customers at top-notch prices. We have honey-cans, too, in cases for those who produce extracted honey. In fact, there isn't anything we don't have that the beekeeper needs, cither to produce his crop or help to sell it. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. 2 1 46 Central Ave. Cincinnati, Ohio u falcon^^ Queens Threo-baiiileil Italinii>4 — Goldeu Italians — t'arniolau.s Rest of 1912 Season. Untested, 1, 75c; 6, $4.25; 12, $S.OO. Select untested. $1.00; 6, $5.50; 12, $10.00. Tested. $1.50 each; 6, $S.00; 12, $15. Select tested, $2.00 each; 6, $10.00; 12. $18.00. Safe arrival and satisfaction guar- anteed. Wc charge 10c for clipping a queen's wings. "Falfon" Shii»i»iiig-Ca.sfS "Falcou" Insure safe arrival of your comb honey and better price by using the best i)rotection cases made. W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO. Palcoiif-r, ]\". V. Dealers Everywhere. PAGE-KEN KEL MFG. CO. MANUFACTURERS OF THE "NONE BETTER" Bee - Keepers' Suppli les THIRTY YEARS EXPERIENCE Pcrftct s-.ctions from young, white, kiln dried basswood. White Pine Hives and Supers, Excellent Shipping Cases, Hrood Frames, Separators, etc. We invite your correspondence. PAGE-KENKEL Manufacturer New London, Wis. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 323 IF BEES COULD TALK They Would Say: "GIVE as 'Dadant's Foundation' IT'S CLEAN, ITS PURE, IT'S FRAGRANT, IT'S JUST LIKE THE COMB WE MAKE OURSELVES " If you are not using " DAD ANT'S FOUNDATION" drop us a card and we will give you prices or tell you where you can get it near you. DADANT & SONS, fL\%'i!?l°.^: A. G. WOODMAN CO., Grand Rapids Agent for Michigan Review Advertising Pays Ottice of DR. CHAS. (i. SC'HA3IU ro;)-701-701i University Bnililing;, Syracuse, IV. Y. Dear Mr. Tyrrell : — For the September and October months, just run a little notice in your journal to watch for Nov. 1st issue. At present I have more orders than I can fill. Yours truly. Chas. G. Schamu. FxTZPATRicK. Ala., Aug. 9, 1912. Gentlemen : — "^'ou will please discontinue my liner under the head of "Bees and Queens For Sale." I have all I can do, so don't want any more orders. Yours truly, W. D. ACHORD. 324 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW (ESTABLISH F:D 1888) OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION Office OF Pu BLiCATiON - - - 230 \A/oodlan d Aven u e VOL. XXV. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, SEPTEMBER 1, 1912. No. 9. The Hutchinson Bee Cellars. ELMER HUTCHINSON. '^^^ HE past winter I have received a good many inquiries about ^j our bee cellars here in Northern ]\Iichigan. People wish- to know how they are built, how we arrange the bees in them, what care we gi\'e them winters, if any, etc., etc. The Editor of the Review has kindly allowed me to answer them all at once in the Reniew. HOW TKZ: CBIiIiARS ARE BUII.T. Several years ago my brother. \\'. Z. H., described very fully in the Review how our cellars were built. For the benefit of those who have not read the articles, I will briefly describe how are cellars are built, ^\"hen possible, we alwa.vs choose a side iiill for the site on which to build, making the door at the lower end ; we do not have to have any stairs. I would rather have the door facing North. South is the least desirable, but we have to have the door face whichever way the hill slopes. We use a team and scraper to dig the hole, then set cedar posts about three feet apart along the sides and ends; then we spike a 2x8 crosswise of the cellar to each pair of posts, on the sides of the posts, letting them come even with the top of the posts ; then spike a 2x8 lengthwise of the cellar on each side on top of the posts, and one across each end. Then we board up the sides and ends with inch lumber, nail a floor overhead to the bottom side of the joists, and build a hatchway at the lower end. We now use a team to scrape the earth back around the cellar, banking it up even 326 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW with the top ; then wc put the rafters on, nail the lioards on the gable ends, then nail on the roof boards and co\ er with tarred felt, then cover the lloor overhead with 12 or 14 inches of sawdust. The most of otir cellars are built 1-lxlG feet, and about T feet deep. We have wintered as many as 165 colonies in each cellar, with good results. To build a cellar of this size, paying $l.oO per day for labor, $'3.50 for man and team, and from $12 to SlG per M. for lumber, will cost from $40 to SoO. If the walls were btiilt of stone or cement, it W(nild require a more complicated system of ventilation. AMth an earth floor, board walls and sawdust overhead, the air soaks in slowly from every side and of a tiniform temperature. A hatchway eiL^ht feet long, with doors at each end, wnll answer all purposes for an ante-room. T do not believe a partition through the cellar would be desirable; it would interfere some with the ventilation. One man Welshes to know if the sun shining on the roof in the spring w'ould not heat up the cellar enough through the opening in the floor overhead, so the bees would become uneasy. When it gets so warm that the cellar cannot be kept cool enough by opening the Getting Ready to Build a Hutchinson Cellar. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 327 A Hutchinson Cellar Completed. inside door to the hatchway, it is high time the bees were carried out — usually long' before that here. HOW WE ARRANGE THE BEES IN THE CEI.I.AB. A\'e tier them up. four and five colonies high, leaving" the covers on and the bottom boards off, letting the bottom ends of each hive rest on sticks about an inch thick to raise it up from the one below and give space for ventilation and dead bees to drop out. We pile a row along each side and across the back end. next the cellar wall, leaving the front end next the door to pile the l:)ottom boards. Then we pile another row far enough away from the first row to leave an alley wide enough so a person can walk through it, thus giving an opportunity to examine any colony in the cellar from the bottom of the hive. "\\'e leave the center aisle open the whole length of the cellar, as it gives a better draft from the hatchway to the \-enti- lator at the back end of the cellar. VENTILATION AND TEMPERATURE. In the light sandy soil here in Xorthern Michigan we are able to get all the ventilation necessary by means of an opening about 2x3 feet throuph the floor overhead near the back end of the cellar. 328 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW There should be no spout extending down in the cellar; the spout should begin at the top of the cellar and end at the top of the sawdust overhead. We regulate the temperature by partly covering or uncovering this opening, and by opening or closing the inner door to the hatchway. For some time I have had my doubts that it was necessary to keep our bee cellars here as warm as the ''bee doctors" all say we must, // all the necessary conditions for perfect wintering are present, A'iz., a z'cr\ dry cellar, good stores, and plenty of good healthy bees. I let the temperature of one of my cellars go down the fore part of last January to 31 degrees, and it hardly varied from that until the last week of March, and during all my bee-keeping experiences of more than thirty years I never had bees winter better, or consume less stores. I will add that out of more than 200 colonies we only lost one in the cellars last winter, and that died of starvation. Now, if the Editor will allow me, I will tell something that may be of interest to many of his readers : Being associated in the bee business here with my brother, \V. Z. H., and being much together, of course I knew of much that was being done and planned behind the lines in the office of the Reviev;. "When my brother's health began to fail, he began to consider the matter of getting someone to help him edit and publish the Review, and out of all his wide acquaintance among men, and bee-keepers, he decided that E. B. Tyrrell was the best man to fill the place. So you see his mantle fell on the shoulders he would have chosen to wear it. I also believe that he would be glad could he know that the Review is now owned by and is the ofihcial organ of the X. A. B. K. A., for he always had a warm place in his heart for the old association. Pioneer, Mich. [It will be noted that by building the cellar in a side hill (providing a suit- able hill having the desired slope can be had), the bottom of the cellar can be on a level with the bee-yard, thus making it possible to walk right in with the heavy swarms without climbing stairs, one of the most convenient arranged cellar door contrivances possible. It will be noticed that the cellar door is preferred at the north end of the cellar. The critical period in cellar wintering of bees is in the spring of the year, or in other words the last few weeks that the bees are confined m the cellar. The long confinement has caused the bees to become uneasy. This disturbance causes a rise in the temperature in the cellar which aggravates the trouble. The door in the north end of the cellar will have a tendency to keep the cellar more cool during this period. Many of the bee-cellars of the out-yard bee-men of Northern Michigan are built of this same cheap construction as are the Hutchinsons'. These cellars will last from six to ten years, by which time the location may "play out," when a new cellar is built at some more favorable location. Saw-dust seems to be a favorite material for the covering of bee-cellars, while some use earth, preferably sand. A more substantial cellar, but still cheap where stone is plenty, is the one built and used by Hubbard Bros.. Boyne Falls. Mich. The side hill feature of the Hutchinson cellar is retained, but instead of posts and boards for the sides, they are laid up with loose stone, no mortar being used. The wall is laid some- what sloping, so it will stand better — that is, the cellar when completed is a little longer and wider at the top than at the bottom. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 329 Unskilled labor will lay these loose stone walls, and they told the writer that they found by experience that but very little slope was necessary to make a wall of this description stand. The hatchway is also built of stone the same as the rest of the cellar, and is enclosed with double doors. A novel feature of this cellar is the covering, which is of logs. Their cellars are in the forest, or what used to be a forest before the suitable timber for lumber was cut and taken off. The logs for the cover are cut four to six feet longer than the width of the cellar and are laid close together forming a complete cover to the cellar, thus forming a frame-work to hold the marsh hay that "chinks"' up the openings ready for the sand covering, which is scraped on with a team. The sand cover is about three feet deep when complete, or enough cover to turn any frost that is likely to penetrate. When this is done a substantial cover is built over all to turn the water and keep the cellar dry. "Fairy tales" are told of the crops of comb honey gathered by the bees win- tered in these cellars. Hubbard Bros, are invited to describe their method of management in the production of comb honey for the pages of the Review'. A considerable number of the Hutchinson covers are of the Heddon-Blanton type. They are a perfectly flat board with cleated ends. Were a hive set directly upon this cover it would be entirely closed, thus the necessity of the inch square sticks placed between the hives for ventilation when tiered up in the cellar. Covers with sloping sides ma}' not need these sticks, as the cover below would furnish ample ventilation for the hive above. Attention is called to the low temperature of 34 degrees in the cellar, and successful wintering. The conditions necessary for success being "a very dry cellar, good stores, and a plenty of good healthy bees." A thought comes in here that may be worth considering in the cellar wintering of bees, i. e., the drier the cellar the lower the temperature that will winter successfully. Admitting this to be a fact would be no argument against the dry cellar and a high temperature, for it would be the equal or better than the damp cellar, no matter what the tem- perature. Likely the greatest drawback to the damp cellar is it will not stand a low temperature for anj' great length of time without bad results. We are wintering in our big cellar in Charlevoix Co. without loss with a tem- perature of from 46 to 56 degrees, while Hutchinson's cellar winters equally as well with a temperature of 34 degrees, which goes to show that the temperature of a bee cellar is of secondary consideration, strong colonies with a plenty of good store being the prime requisite. — Townsend.] Feeding for Winter Stores. DAVID RUNNING. ' ■■ Jl N our localit}', where otir entire crop of siirpkis honey is Jl secured from v.'hite and alsike clover, and the flow stops about July 15, it is necessary to feed for winter stores. \Vhile our bees usually get a little honey in August and September, they sel- dom get enough to last them through the winter. AVe are producers of extracted honey only, and we use the eight-frame Langstroth hive entirely. As soon as the crop is extracted we start looking over our bees and getting them in shape for winter. SEE THAT EACH COI.ONY IS HEADED WITH A GOOD QUEEN. At this time we want to see that each colony is headed with a good queen and has sufficient stores to last well into September. Each colony is left with one extracting super above queen excluder, 330 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW and if any are short of stores we supph* a comb or more of honey, after which they are left entirely atene until aliout Septem- ber "30, when all supers are taken off with bee-escapes (to avoid robbing") and we commence feeding as soon as possible. We usually feed our out yards first and proceed about as follows : ONE HUNDRED COI.ONIi:3 ARE KEPT IN EACH YARD. ^^'e keep about inO col- onies in eacli yard. We load up as many feeders as we ha^'e colonies at the yard to be fed, taking- along what sugaf we need, also a six-barrel galvanized tank ( the same as used for an uncapping tank when ex- tracting), and a three-burner gasoline stove. Upon arrival at the apiary the tank is set up high enough so that the stove will slip under when lighted. The tank is then filled about two-thirds full of water (water being measured). The stove is lighted up and put in place. We now proceed to weigh up our hives. We set a common counter scale on the wheelbarrow and weigh each colony. A colony of bees in an eight-frame Jiiz'e made of zi'hite pine Iiiinber slioiild zceigh 7vJien fed for zvinter (cellar win- tering), 60 pounds, so we can make a record as follo^^■s: Hive No. ^^^eighs Xeeds 1 48 12 •2 56 4 3 43 1 r After the yard is weighed up we place a feeder at the ]:)ack of each hive. By this time (about 5 o'clock in evening) the water is boiling, when we start mixing the syrup. HOW THE SYRUP IS MADE. I usually have two helpers, one on each side of the tank, each with a good-sized stick, who stir the syrup while I put in the sugar David Running's Feeder. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 331 Another View of the Running Feeder. as fast as possible, putting- in tz\.'o pails of sugar for each of water. Syrup is stirred continually until sugar is thoroughly dissolved, when the fire is turned out and we begin to feed. The sugar, of course, has cooled the syrup somewhat, but it is still hot. WEIGHIITG THE SYBUP FOR WINTER FEEB. The scales are now set up beside the tank and the weighing is started. \\'e use four pails, and one person does the weighing while another carries to the A^ard, so there are always two pails inside and there is no time lost. I now go to the yard and begin at Hive Xo. 1, taking off the coAcr and placing feeder on top. Pour in the hot syrup, bciiii; sure to sl^iH a little doz^ii through the feeder on to the bees, which immediately starts them running up into the feeder. Put cover back on top of feeder and pass on to Hive No. '?, where same thing is repeated. Thus you will see that it is an easy matter for three persons to feed 100 colonies in three or four hours after the weighing is done, feeders placed, and syrup properly mixed. In weighing up the syrup we allow one pound for shrinkage for each five pounds fed. The shrinkage will be greater than that, but we find that when colonies are fed as above that they have sufficient stores to last them through until after fruit bloom, which usually comes here the latter part of ^lay. WHEN THE FEESINa SHOVI.D BE DONE. We want all feeding done by the last of September, and do not want bees disturbed after this until time to move them home or put into cellar. 332 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW THE FEEDER TO USE, AND HOW TO IVIAKE. The feeder that I use is made as follows: The rim is made of 74-inch pine and is same size outside as the brood-chamber and 4% inches deep. Corners are halved thus: ? They are nailed both ways with thick paint in joints to keep them from leaking: bottom is put in same way, being left open about 1^^ inches in middle. There are now two partitions extending up from this opening to within yi inch of top, making two com- partments for syrup. The bottom and partitions are made of S'^-inch stufif. The feeder is coated on the inside with paraffin. A little clean straw is put in feeder to act as floats for the bees, since bees are allowed free access to the entire feeder. You can see that by this method of feeding that a large force of bees gets to work immediately, and the syrup, being hot, is usually taken down in one night, even if the weather is quite cold. I got the idea of this feeder from that able and well known bee-keeper, Mr. V\m. ]\Ic- Evoy, of Woodbury, Ont. We usually take the feeders off by the use of bees-escapes, as by so doing all robbing is avoided, as is the case when a whole yard is fed at once, and that in the evening. ORDINARY FEEDERS ARE TOO SI.OW WHEN FEEDING IN A WH01.ESAI.E WAY. I formerly used the regular ]\liller feeder, the Roardman entrance feeder, the Doolittle division board feeder, and the Alex- ander feeder, but found them all too slow when feeding on a large scale. I still have thirty of the ^filler feeders and use them some- times, but have discarded the little cover that goes with them to keep bees out of the syrup, and use them same as my own make by putting straw in the two compartments and giving bees free access to the entire surface of the syrup. They are thus made prac- tical, but do not always hold enough, as they are made small enough to go inside of a regular comb honey super, while mine are made the same size as super. I found that in using the Miller feeder in the regular way that the syrup Avould become cold before the bees could get it all taken down, and after it Avas cold they would take it very slow ; but with our method there is a large feeding surface and the bees get it all down before it gets cold. In 1910 we fed an average of 14 pounds of sugar per colony and got an average of 122% pounds of choice surplus clover honey. Last year we got an average of 91 pounds per colony (which we think was a big yield, considering the poor season) and had to feed an average of 15 pounds of sugar per colony for winter stores. Grindstone Citv. Mich. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 333 [At our State Association meet at Saginaw last December, there was one member who seemed to be getting good paying crops of honey even in these poor seasons. When the rest of us were satisfied in barely making a living, he, seem- ingly, by some method was securing big crops of clover honey. It did not take long to find out the secret; he was feeding large quantities of sugar syrup for winter stores, while the most of us were trying to economize on account of the bad seasons. This man had had so much confidence in the bees that he had gone ahead and fed the bees regardless of conditions, and he won out. This man was member David Running, Grindstone City, Michigan. Think of it! Two years ago an average of over 122 lbs. of clover extracted honey per colony Spring count. The poor season of a year ago his average was 91 lbs. from 283 swarms. In a private letter he says that his this year's average will be somewhat better than a year ago, which will mean round the 100 lb. average mark. Had the weather been better this year his crop would have been considerably more. He has partly promised to write up his whole system of working for the pages of the Review. Then we will all know hovv- to secure a crop of honey even in a bad year. To convert the Miller feeder into a McEvoy feeder, remove the cover and inside partition. This will throw the whole reservoir into one open feeder, a la Running. — Townsend.] A Form of Record for Bee-Keepers Who Wish to Improve Their Stock. HARRISON H. BROWN. '^^^ O carry out Air. Howe's ideas requires careful records, com- \Sj pact and instantly accessible. The success of the whole scheme depends on extreme simplicity and brevity of form. For my own use I have worked out a scoring- card which seems to meet the conditions. The scoring points are taken from Mr. ?Iowe's articles, as follows : Fecundit}^ — Same as prolificness F Load carried by each bee L Uniformity of color and banding, indicating fixity of other qualities U Vigor of flight V Wintering W Yield (units of 20 lbs.) Y These qualities, except yield, are graded on a scale 0, 1, 2, 3. Three represents highest quality, zero practical worthlessness. Yield is reckoned in units of 20 lbs. 4=80 lbs. annual yield. The following qualities : Propolis P Brace Comb B Capping C Disposition D Swarming S are best when LOWEST in numerical scale, LEAST propolis, brace comb and swarming, whitest and cleanest capping, gentlest disposi- 334 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW tion. They are graded on a scale 0, 1, 2, 3, — where 0 represents best quality and 3 the worst. These points are recorded bv the followinfr ^^ , n \r \ir v t- u 1U1 1- '-^1^ u I rLiUViWY scheme — above and below a hne with two short r^^TTlc 1 r B L U o cross marks: Note the easy sequence of the letters — FL — U V W Y and P— BCD— S. indicates a prospective breeder which swarmed Thus:!? ^l": ^1 once, yielded 180 lbs. of honey, and graded high- est in other respects. The record is like a common fraction, of maximum value with large numbers above and small ones below. An omitted quality creates no confusion. There remain three points suggested b}' 'Sir. Howe, Age and Heredity of Queens, and Longevity of workers. The age of a queen is shown by last figure of the year she was hatched, after the stand or hive number. 89-3 is this year's queen on stand 89. I find it works best for a number of reasons to number the stands rather than the hives. Heredity applies only to breeders, which should be given more room for special records. Longevity may well be left for a separ- ate record if desired, as its effects will appear in the records above, and it is difficult to value directly. We draw a vertical line to the right and set down j^ pounds of honey taken off, at different times. The K side represents comb honey, the X side extracted. The space beneath the stand number is used for inspection rec- ords. Here we give dates by figures, and abbreviate. H stands for frames of stores, B frames of worker brood, O? probably queenless, F B foul brood, D B drone brood, S swarmed, Ivs comb super, etc. 4-11 H.J B, shows that on April 11 we found the equivalent of three frames of stores and four frames of healthy worker brood. Lmder the stand number in brackets is the number of the par- ent colony or breeding queen. A complete record would look like this, for colony number 89 : — RQ-2 2 3 3 2,3 5 (117-0) 1 1 0 11 1 24 4-11 Ha B4 20 6-12 O.K. K.S 16 7- 4 S. 102 18 10- 2 0. K. lor Winter .... 25 THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 335 This colony swarmed July 4, and the old hive was set on stand 1.02. It produced 78 lbs. of comb honey and 'lo lbs. of extracted. It came originally from colony IIT, wdiose queen was raised in 1910. Comb super set on June 12. No special book is required. A plain ruled note-book -4 inches by 6 will take three records to a page. The two lines of the record forms are drawn by hand. Laplata, Xew Mexico. [Mr. Brown has given us in the above article a detailed method of keeping a record concerning the work of our queens. Some such records it seems to me is necessary in order to carry out the teachings of Mr. Howe. Whether this method is the best one or not is of course hard to say without giving the matter a great , deal of study. At the same time it is one that will interest you and is worthy of \our careful studv.] A Few Practical Pointers. O. B. METCALFE. THE USE OF QUEEN EXCI.UDERS. '^^i T IS advisable to use queen excluders in producing extracted Tl honey in New Mexico or any similar locality. While visiting- California State Bee-Keepers' Association meeting in Los Angeles, I noted that every up-to-date bee-keeper in the state used the queen excluder in connection with the production of extracted honey. They may even be a disadvantage to a slip-shod bee-keeper, but the busy man Avho is making things move and who has to count on each of his men to jerk off- a couple of thousand pounds of honey per hour, is the one who cannot get along without the excluder in the production of extracted honey. If you live in a locality where the queen goes on what I call "an egg-laying rampage" in the spring, as she does in New Mexico, take off your queen excluders until about the time your comb honey producing neighbor is through with the swarming season, and then put back your excluders and work in comfort the rest of the season. AVith profit, too, for those excluders will save you many a fine queen before the end of the season, if you are the kind that goes out in the bee yard to take off honey and not to mince around. HOW PAR -WIIiXi BEES FLY? How far bees will fly and store honey to a profit depends on two things: First, the plant they are to get it from; second, as to whether or not intervening plants have led the bees to the field. I have seen bees working on mesquite where the nearest bushes were a mile and a half and the bulk of the yard seemed to be going about two miles, with the result that scales under an a\'erage hive 336 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW showed nine pounds gain. They will make a good gain off from a good field of alfalfa a mile distant, and I would count on a good deal of surplus from one and one-half miles. Two years ago one of my neighbors had a yard two miles from the only orchard that was sprayed, and the bees carried enough arsenate of lead from the fruit bloom at that distance to kill some of the colonies outright. THE HANBIiINCr OF BAITS. Unfinished sections can be disposed of best as baits the follow- ing year. Xever dispose of an unfinished section unless you are sure you have all the baits you need for the next season. Uncap *and extract them and then put them away as careful!}' as your mother used to store away her preserves. They mean even more to you. If you are like me and do not know where to buy a knife to uncap them, take one of the iron or steel straps that come around sheet iron roofing, and nail two pieces of half-inch board "straddle" of it for a distance of about six inches to form a handle ; then bend an oft'set in about like that in a Bingham uncapping knife and cut it off so as to leave a blade about the right length, to go down in the sections. Sharpen this blade and w4th two knives of this pattern heated in a small pot of boiling water you can uncap these sections well and quickl}'. Begin your cut at the middle of the section and cut to one side, then skip back to the middle and uncap the other half. If you do not have baskets to contain these sections in the extractor baskets, take a piece of half-inch board the size that two sections will just stand on and leave it sticking out slightly at each end; through these ends bore small holes and in these holes tie the two ends of a hay wire so that the loop will be just large enough to take eight sections standing on top of each other in pairs. Take the hay wire in one hand and let the half-inch slat or bottom piece into the basket of the extractor; set two sections on it and let down in the basket far enough to take two more sections, and so on until you have eight, or one extractor basket full. When they are extracted, catch hold of the wire and lift them all out at once. By pressing down on the top sections with the thumb you can swing the eight sections around over your head if you like, or you can instantly drop them out of the wire basket. This little contrivance can be made in less time than it takes to tell it, and it is no "dinky" little thing to fool away time with but a thing that a busy man can save time with in extracting thousands of bait section^. rASTElIING FOUNDATION IN SHAI.I.OW FRAMES. Fasten foundation in shallow extract frames where the grooves are filled with wax by scraping the frame first with a knife and then standing the frame on its top l^ar; take a hardwood stick with an THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 337 offset in it, which will allow the end of the stick to come to the middle of the top bar, when the offset is slid along the edge of the top bar. Take this stick in the right hand and the sheet of founda- tion in the left. Place the foundation, lying flat, so that it will lay with the edge just past the middle of the top bar. Wet the hard- wood stick and slide it along on top of the foundation, bearing down on it hard enough to fasten the foundation. You will get it done so much faster than you did the first time with the grooves, and so much better, that you will wonder what those same grooves were made for. I got the idea from Air. W. H. Laws, of Beeville, Texas. Mesilla Park, New ^Mexico. A Real National Co-operative Organization for Bee-Keepers. GEO. W. YORK. President Xational Bee-Keepers' Association. "^Jl T BEGINS to look as if the long-time dream of some of us is ^ about to be fulfilled, or come true. Co-operation in many lines has been "in the air" for years. In some lines, for instance, it has been realized quite fully, but in many lines of benefit it has been only a hoped-for benefit. But since the last meeting of the National Bee-Keepers' Association at Minneapolis there has been "something doing," and it would seem that it must result in ines- timable benefit to the bee-keepers of America. In the first place, the present live set of Directors are pushing things. This is no reflection upon the excellent Directors and JNIan- ager of other years. But through the adoption of a new constitu- tion, which permits progressive action along many lines, bee-keepers can easily see now that the way is rapidly opening up so that their National Association is going to be of increased service and value to them. What is most needed now is that every bee-keeper in the land shall become a member of the National, and thus a regular reader of its official organ, the Bee-Keepers'" Review. In that way they will learn how they can co-operate with all the other members in a way that cannot but help being beneficial to every individual member of the Association. No, sir ; don't drop your subscription to the other bee papers. If you want to make the largest success of bee-keeping, you will need all the best literature you can get on the subject. Besides, the subscription price of each is so small, that just a half-witted bee- keeper should be able to "extract" from its pages many times its cost in valuable instruction along lines that are bound to make his 338 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Pres, George W. York's Home at Sandpoint, Idaho. Mrs. York in the Buggy. apiary more profitable. What is needed is a strong" pull, and a pull all together to make the National Bee-Keepers' Association during the next year or two what it should have been many years ago. It can be done. Sandpoint, Idaho. Comb vs. Extracted Honey. BY N. E. MILLER. "^^^ HERE is getting to be too much of a tendency for the comb 4J^ honey man to turn to the production of extracted honey. I have produced both for about ten years and will say that, if the tendency continues to grow, I will turn more of my attention to comb honey for production. My reasons for it are : First, the difference in the price obtained ; second, the ready market for comb honey if it is properly put up and sold at the right time. It should be graded and packed as soon as the bees are through with their part of the work. I ha\-e had experience in both extracted and comb honey production ; it is not a question with me, but actual experience. {Concluded o>i piJge j^ss) THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 339 Published Monthly E. B. TYRRELL, Managing Editor. Office — 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Michigan Associate Editors: E. D. TOWNSEXD, Northstar, Mich. WESLEY FOSTER, Boulder, Colo. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post office at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Ha- waiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. Discontinuances — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a reqviest to that effect. Ailvertisinjf rates on application. EDITORIAL Call this our Review, not theirs. — [Townsend.] "Don't crv over spilt milk. Grab the pail and start after another cow."' Death of Walter M. Parrish. The friends and former patrons of Walter M. Parrish, of Law- rence, Kansas, will be pained to learn of his death, wdiich occurred on July 18. He had been in failing- health for a number of years and had come to Southern California a few months ago, but the change of climate failed to restore his health. Mr. Parrish was from childhood a great nature lover, and his interest in bees, which began very early in life, remained with him to the end. He was well known as a contributor to the bee jour- nals, but his principal line of work was that of queen breeder. The honesty and integrity of Walter Parrish are well known to those who have had dealings with him, but only those who knew him intimately are able to fully appreciate his sterling w^orth. Levi J. Ray. Monrovia, Calif.. August 0, 1912. A Word of Introduction. In assuming the role of Editor, or rather as one of the Board of Editors of the Bee-Keepers' Review, I have nothing to offer, except that it might be experience as a bee-keeper. During the 37 years I have been with the bees, a considerable experience has been had in the production of both comb and extracted honey, especially 340 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW the latter. The last twelve years as a specialist, when the entire livelihood of a large family has been secured from the product of the hive. This experience with ihe bees and a willing hand ever ready to help a brother, is about all the excuse I have to olTer in accepting this honorable position. Just the same common every-day language that has always characterized my writings in the past will be adhered to in the future. If I do not "make good" you will have the consolation of knowing that you will not have to retain me longer than the Dele- gate Meeting in February, when a new board will be elected. — [Townsend.] Fellow Bee-Keeper, Have Confidence in Your Brother. The great stumbling block of organization is "lack of con- fidence." Does the present management of the National Bee- Keepers' Association deserve your confidence, is a question to be considered by the prospective member. Do you have confidence in the men who produce the honey and wax in your Association? If you do, you should have confidence in the present officers and directors, for they are producers pure and simple, and not in any way connected with any financial venture that might influence them in the least. If the prospective member does not have confidence in the present management, I beg the privilege of asking where you will go for material for your future management. Fellow bee- keeper, do you know that you are living in the midst of organization, unorgani::cdf The hand of fellowship is extended. In renewing your member- ship, why not have your neighbor bee-keeper join with you? A word of approval from you is worth much more than what I can say at this distance. Assure him he is welcome. If each member, or reader, would bring in just one with him, it would double our present membership. Will you do your part to enhance the value of the Association? We expect to be 6,000 strong at the end of next year, but to do this all will have to do their part. The ruralist is the last to organize ; it is our turn now, all others are in. — [Townsend.] Alighting Places for Swarms. Mr. Eugene E . Eraser, Big Rapids, Mich., the man who plants maple trees with their roots in the air for alighting places for swarms (July Review), reminds me of the time when we had a comb honey yard in Kalkaska Co., where we used a similar device, except we went to the swamp and cut evergreens and trimmed them, leaving a portion near the tip as heavy with brush as possible. Common drain tile were "planted" standing upon end at likely places for THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 341 swarms to alight, then these evergreens stood in the open end. The opening in the tile, being a little larger than the tree, would admit it being removed with the swarm without jar, when the tree, swarm and all, were carried to the prepared hive and the bees dislodged and the tree returned for the next swarm. Sometimes another swarm would issue about the time the first was nicely clustered on the tree and begin to cluster with them. When it was thought that a half of the two swarms had clustered, the tree, bees and all, were carried to the prepared hive as before, but this time the bees were not shaken from the tree, but simply laid across the alighting board and covered with a common sheet. Without delay, before the other swarm in the air decide there is now nothing to alight upon at that point, another tree is provided and placed in the same tile, and the other swarm allowed to alight. Had we shaken the first swarm from the tree at the time of hiving, thus causing a commotion among the bees at their new hive, it would have attracted the other -swarm to that part of the yard, and they would have united and both entered the same hive. — [Townsend.] Death of the Hon. R. L. Taylor. Within a little over a year, Ivlichigan has sufl^ered the loss of four very prominent men in the bee-keeping ranks. Mr. W. Z. Hutchinson was first, Hon. Geo. E. Hilton next, followed a little later by Mr. James Heddon. and on August J 6 occurred the death of Hon. R. L. Taylor, of Lapeer, Mich., aged 72 years, 9 months, 13 days. Mr. Taylor was closely connected with the early history of the Review. I find that the first issue, January 10, 1888, contains an article writ- ten by him. For years Mr. Taylor continued to contribute to its pages, conducting at one time a "Department of Criticism." Many times have I visited his home and looked over his 200 or thereabouts colonies of bees. These bees were all kept in one yard, and were wintered in a cellar under the barn. He used the F^eddon hive and produced comb honey exclusively. Besides liis l^ees he had a beautiful vineyard of grapes in which he look much ])ride. At one time he conducted experiments in bee-keeping for the Michigan Agricultural College. These were conducted at his home. Later he filled the position of State Insoectc^r of Apiaries. Mr. Taylor was born at Almont, in the same county in which he died. In 1862 he entered the State University and continued in the literary department for three years. He then entered the mer- 342 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW cantile business for two and a half years, and returned to Ann Arbor and studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1869. He prac- ticed law at Almont till 1873, when he moved to Lapeer, having- been elected Register of Deeds the previous fall. He served a sec- ond term in this office and in 1880 was elected Prosecuting -\ttorney, serving one term and declining a second nomination. He was super- visor of Lapeer one year and a Justice of the Peace four years. From 1889-92 he served in the State Senate, making a remarkable record. His independence and fearlessness made him one of the strongest leaders of that very stormy session. Retiring from political life, Mr. Taylor turned his attention to his bees and grapes, excelling in this as in his public career. His grapes were among the best produced, and he always secured the best crops of honey. He was honored by his fellow bee-keepers by being elected President of the Michigan Bee-Keepers' Association and Director of the National Association. The latter position he held up to the end of 1911. Mr. Taylor was an active church worker until his health began to fail, being an elder of the First Presbyterian Church of Lapeer for a number of years. He leaves, besides a wife, three brothers and three sisters. The Review extends to them our heartfelt sym- pathy in this dark hour of affliction. — [Tyrrell.] Send In Your Pictures. It is getting more and more the "fad" to illustrate periodicals. A good halftone tells half the story. The Review needs good prac- tical articles upon "bee subjects," and the value of the article will be greatly enhanced providing good photographs are included, illus- trating the main features of the subject treated. The Review in the future will not not be a literary production, but just a plain, practical, helpful magazine — one that you will not hesitate about writing for for fear your production will not be scholarly enough for publication. If, during the season, you have "got on" to some "kink" that has proved helpful to you, tell it to your brother, not expecting a reward, and take my word for it you will feel well pleased with the results. Now a word about the photographs for making the halftones to illustrate the Review. They ought to be not smaller than a 5 x ?"" in size. The larger the better up to an 8x10". If you have a small Anastigmat lens, you can enlarge the photo to the desired size. If you use a Rectilinear lens, it ought to be of the 5xT" size or larger for best results, so you do not have to enlarge. iMake the negative with as much contrast as possible, without losing detail. Then finish by using gloss P. O. P. and squeegee. If you are used to the camera you will understarid these terms; if THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 343 not. 3'our photographer will. If you employ a photographer to do 3'onr work, he will likely tell you that developinr^ paper will do just as well, it being easier to work. All cheap work now-a-days is done with developing paper. Tell him I said use Gloss Printing Out Paper, and tone to a deep purple or black, then squeegee. The popular sepia tone, which is very fine in its place, is not suitable for halftones. — [Townsend.] We Have Moved. About June 1, 1912, the last car of bees was moved from Remus, Mecosta Co., our old-time address, to Gratiot Co. The car consisted of mostly supplies and empty hives, for a considerable number of the bees had died during the past cold winter. From now on my postoffice address will be Xorthstar, Gratiot Co., Mich., instead of Remus, where so many have been in the habit of writing me in the past. There ought to be a reason for all things, and there is for this move. In the first place, the hone)^ that the bees gather in this old, well-cleared location is of a considerably better quality than that at the old location. Then we have been getting just as much honey here in Gratiot as in Alecosta Co. — some seasons a little more — and as the price is always somewhat more for the better grade of honey, it is another reason for moving what bees were left up there down here. We have 350 swarms at our Charlevoix Co. yards that are in charge of my oldest son, Delbert. This is our raspberry and willow- herb location, and it is a good location, too. Our 700 colonies are now grouped in two locations, Charlevoix Co. and Gratiot Co., instead of three locations, as in the past. • We have a big cellar that we winter our bees in, in Charlevoix Co., while these here in Gratiot are wintered, four in a packing case, out-of-doors. Thus far the cellar wintered bees have outstripped the (lUtside wintered bees. Rut more anon. — [Townsend.] Honey Crop Reports. In the reports Avhich follow, the first figure will denote the number of reports received from the state named ; the second will be the number of colonies reported for the spring of 1!)11 ; the third will be the num.ber of colonies for the spring of 1912 ; the fourth will be the number of pounds of honey produced in 1911; and the fifth or last will be the number of pounds of honey reported for 1912. In some cases the figures for this year are an estimate, as the flow was not over when the report was made. This would be especially true wdiere there is a fall crop. But where the honey is from clover, bassv/ood and raspberry, the figures given are no doubt pretty nearly correct. 344 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW No. Colonies Colonies lbs. Honey lbs. Honey Reports Repoited Reported Produced Reporttd Received. Spring 1911. Spring 1912. 1911. for 1912. Alabama 3 981 981 75,100 45,975 Arizona 3 1,495 1,482 137,400 109,800 Arkansas 2 105 180 4.400 900 California 19 5,548 6,205 416,940 221,400 Canada 5 298 394 17,100 20,850 Colorado 1 75 100 7,000 6,000 Idaho 6 717 715 80,620 73,200 Illinois 22 1,526 968 27,819 38,931 Indiana 8 507 419 19,230 30,450 Iowa 21 1,249 1,098 49,673 76,200 Massachuselts 2 90 108 26 I.IOU Maryland 2 110 101 1,200 2,550 Michigan 59 4,774 4,524 221,885 242,705 Minnesota 19 1,138 876 42,355 54,500 Missouri 10 656 388 10,660 28,385 Montana 2 65 120 4,500 11,000 Nebraska 3 142 126 6,200 7,250 New Jersey 5 142 143 2,320 7,375 New Mexico 3 508 409 37,000 7,400 New York 28 3,650 3,931 154.300 19((,75() North Carolina .... 3 115 175 7,500 11,000 Nevada 2 390 419 12,000 15,600 Ohio 12 492 365 10,715 20,100 Oklahoma 3 73 65 1,30^9 4,000 Oregon 2 490 570 22,000 40,000 Pennsylvania 18 1,075 1,076 48,279 66,525 South" Dakota 1 31 39 2,000 1,800 Tennessee 3 147 134 3,000 7,740 Texas 6 1,411 1,832 58,610 28,045 Utah 4 880 1,184 24,650 38,000 Vermont 5 977 972 7,900 31,300 Virginia 1 100 43 2,000 Washington 1 49 80 3,000 4,500 West Virginia 2 170 153 4,000 6,800 Wisconsin 42 3,001 2,750 109,270 139,360 Wyoming 1 17 15 3,250 8,000 This report, while not anywhere near as complete as I would like to have it, will yet give you an idea of the crop for this year. Had a larg-e per cent of the bee-keepers reported, a much more accurate summary could be g-iven. Many reports could not be used as they lacked part of the figures. You must remember that the last year was an exceedingly poor year in the clover belt and, while this year's crop is much better, it is not what could be called a heavy crop in the total. Besides, the local demand should be much heavier, as the inexperienced bee- keeper, the one who influences the local prices, was the one who lost heaviest in bees last winter. This will keep much honey from the distant markets and will have its efifect on prices. Through Michigan at least, buyers are picking up comb honey at from 16' cents to 18 cents, and extracted at 9 cents to 10 cents, f. o. b. pro- ducer's station. Some lots have been sold lower than this, 1:)ut it was earlier in the season before the demand was fully known. THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 345 ®t|^ Nattnnal TJ&n-'KnptVB^ Aaanrtattnu Knh its iBraurl|pa Officers. Directors. George W. York, President Sandpoint, Ida. E. D. Townsend, Chairman Remus, Mich. MoRLEY Pettit, Vice-Pres. . .Guelph, Ont., Can. J. M. Buchanan Franklin, Tenn. E. B. Tyrrell, Secretary Detroit, Mich. Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. 230 Woodland Ave. J. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. N. E. France, Treas. Gen. Mgr., Plattville, Wis. F. Wilcox Mauston, Wis. CTational Branches and Their Secretaries. Arizona Honev Exchange N. Michigan — Ira D. Bartlett G. M. Frizzell, Tempe, Ariz. East Jordan, Mich. Adirondack — H. E. Gray.. Fort Edwards, N.Y. Ohio — Prof. N. E. Shaw, Dept. of Agr Colorado — Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. Columbus, Ohio Chicago-Northwestern — L. C. Dadant.... O.ntario — P. W. Hodgetts, Parliament Bldg., Hamilton, 111. Toronto, Ont., Can. Idaho — R. D. Bradshaw Notus, Ida. Oregon — H. Wilson Corvallis, Ore. Illinois — Jas. A. Stone. . .Rt. 4, Springfield, 111. Pecos Valley — Henry C. Barron Iow.\ — C. L. Pinney Le Mars, Iowa Hagerman, New Mexico Indiana— Walter Pouder, 859 Mass. Ave... Twin Falls — C. H. Stimson. .Twin Falls, Ida. Indianapolis, Ind. Tennessee — T. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn. Missouri — J. F. Diemer Liberty, Mo. Texas — Willis C. Collins, Box 1.54 Michigan— E. B. Tyrrell, 230 Woodland Goliad, Texas Ave., Detroit, Mich. Vermont — P. E. Crane Middlebury, \'t. Minnesota — C. E. Palmer, 1024 Miss. St.. Washington — J. B. Ramage St. Paul, Minn. Rt. 2, N. Yakima, Wash. New Jersey— E. G. Carr New Egypt, N. J. Wisconsin — Gus Dittmer Augusta, Wis. Meeting of Kansas Bee-Keepers. On Thursday, September 1!', the Kansas bee-keepers will hold a meeting at Hutchison. This will be during- the State Fair and we urge every one interested in bees to attend. Air. C. P. Dadant, of the American Bee Journal, will deliver an address o'a bees. He is one of the best authorities on bees in this or any other country. The regular annual meeting of the Kansas Bee-Keepers' Association will occur in Topeka about January 15, 1913. O. A. Keene, Sec. The Summer Field Meeting. It is not difficult to get from a dozen to seventy-five bee- keepers out to a field day meeting and picnic, such as was held July 16 at AA^ashoe, Idaho. Select some interested bee-keeper's apiary where plenty of shade is near. Buy t\venty-five or fifty postal cards and write to all the bee-keepers you kni)w. Phone to others and give notices of the meeting to the newspapers. A set program is not necessary. Supering, controlling, swarming, trans- ferring, treating foul brood, nailing hives and grading honey, will be more subjects than can be handled in one day. Give the basket lunch feature special prominence and be sure to get out the women and children. Have an exhibit of comb and extracted honey so that non-bee-keeping visitors can see what your vicinity can produce. Urge the newspaper men to attend and invite 346 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW everyone. ]\Iany sales of honey can be made at snch a meeting. A local bee-keepers' society can be organized if sufificient need is felt for it. Because a honey producer sells a carload or more of comb honey is not sufficient reason why his Avord should be taken too seriously on the grading of honey. Se\-eral factors enter into the problem. There are a number of large producers who put upon the market honey that has a tendenc}^ to curtail further sales. The small bee-keepers are not the only slipshod producers and careless packers. A few carloads of honey weighing twenty pounds to the case and up for No. 2, and twenty-four pounds for No. 1, will be shipped this year. Leaking, unfinished, poorly scraped and carelessly pro- duced honey will make up a part of this honey, and when it reaches its destination in the east will disgust the buyers. It requires a good bee-keeper to produce honey that will meas- ure up to the Colorado rules, which are the only standard, so far as I know, in the west. Apparently the we-^tern subscriber, who says in the August number that the Colorado rules are a little too strict in some ways and not elastic enough as to Aveight, has the old rules in mind. The rules, as they now stand, have a "choice" grade that admits 12-oz. honey or over. Tlie range of price will vary probably lo cents per case from one grade to another. We will suppose "No. 2'' to bring $2.75 a case: ''choice" would be worth $2.90; "No. 1," $3.05, and "fancy," $3.20. These prices vary with *;he quality and general conditions of production. No two producers' crops will absolutely approximate each other's in any one season. With four grades of comb honey there will not be 25 to 35 cents' difference between each grade, as the western subscriber intimates. They will come together so close that ten cents may span the distance. — [Foster.] Southern Idaho and Eastern Oregon Branch Field Meeting. (Reduced from report in Gem State Rural-Joiirnal.) ?\Iembers of the South Idaho and East Oregon Bee-Keepers' Association, with their families and friends, held a picnic and field day at the home of Mr. and Mrs. C. E. Dibble, at Washoe, on Tues- day, July 16. Some G5 were present and they were not only pleas- antly entertained but interested e\ery moment of the time. The gathering Avas held under the shade of the apple trees that occupied a generous portion of the home acre, and the large apiary of ']\Ir. Dibble is also kept in the orchard that forms a considerable part of his three-acre tract. This gave the visiting bee-keepers an oppor- tunity to get object lessons and discuss the problems of the apiary to good advantage. The A'isitors Avere met at the morning train THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 347 and escorted to the place. Many also came by private conveyance. Those who spoke briefly were ^lessrs. A. I. McClanahan. A. E. Gipson, '^^^ L. Porter, C. E. Dibble, and Alesdames Paine and Dibble. Prof. Wilson, of Oregon, also gave a talk that was appreciated. About 10,000 colonies of bees were represented at the meeting. Several familiar names in the association were absent, including" Secretary Bradshaw\ much to the regret of those in attendance. Wives of the members were prominently in evidence, and their presence, with the graceful service they rendered in the picnic fea- tures of the meeting, made the day about as pleasant as it well could have been. President Pennington proved himself resourceful as a presiding officer, and, while there was no formal program, he kept things going in good shape in the absence of Secretary Brad- shaw', wdio was reported to ha\e missed the morning train that car- ried the members to the meeting. \A\ L. Porter made a strong plea for the strict uniform grading of honey by members of the association. He fa\'ored adopting the Colorado gradmg rules and the use of the double tier shipping case. J. E. Lyon thought we would have to come to strict grading rules, although they were exacting and sometimes difficult to comply wdth. He liked the single tier shipping case as it was cheaper and easier to pack. A. I. A'IcClanahan favored the Colorado grading rules and believed the association should adopt them. President Pennington thought the association should have a committee appointed to report i;^n the subject of grading rules and shipping cases, and on motion it was voted that the president appoint a committee of six members to consider the matter and report upon the same at the winter meeting of the association. The committee is to be named later and will consist of three members each from Idaho and Oregon. Prof. AMI son, of Corvalis, Oregon, made an interesting after- dinner talk, during which he said that the bee-keeping industry was yet in its infancy. It was destined to grow^ into prominence and magnitude. Bee-keepers should not only inform themselves about their industry, but should learn to respect each other's rights. He referred to the value of the honey bee to the orchardist. and said that practically all the orchards around Corvalis this year were fertilized by the bees. The honey output of Oregon, he said, was probably close to a quarter of a million dollars. He strongly urged strict grading rules and believed there should be "Fancy" Xo. 1 and No. 2, and possibly "Extra Fancy" grades. Fruit, he said, that has been cross-fertilized was the best. Prof. Wilson spoke highly for the outlook of the region covered by the South Idaho and East Oregon ^A.sociation, and said it certainly had a great future. The consensus of those present w^as that the bees were going to make good this year, and, while the first part of the season had 348 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW been rather cool for much honey storing, the weather at the time of the meeting, and a few days preceding it, was all that could be desired. Some were especially optimistic and were willing to fore- cast records this year in some of the apiaries. The Farthing Bros., of \\'eiser, were among the heaviest bee- keepers present, representing about 1,100 colonies. They will become valuable and active members of the association. Constitution of the National Bee-Keepers' Association. [Read over this constitution and serid in your proposed changes to it so they can be published in the November number.) Article I. — Na:me. This organization shall be known as the National Bee-Keepers' Association. Article II. — Object. The object of this Association shall be to aid its members in the business of bee-keeping; to help in the sale of their honey and bees- wax, and to promote the interest of bee-keepers in any other direc- tion decided upon by the Board of Directors. Article III. — Plan of Organization. This organization shall consist of one central organization with its various branches. These branches may be in any locality where twenty-five or more members of the National Association decide to form a branch. Article W . — MEMBERSHir. Section 1. Membership shall be extended to any person inter- ested in bee-keeping, and who is in accord with the purposes and aims of this Association. The annual membership fee shall be $1.50, one-third or fifty cents of which shall go into the fund of the local treasury where such a branch is maintained. Sec. 2. Wherever a local bee-keepers' association shall decide to unite with this Association, it will be received upon payment by the local secretary of one dollar ($1.00) per member per annum to the Secretary ; but all active members of such local association must become members in order to take advantage of this provision. Sec. 3. Membership in the National Association will begin Jan- uary 1st each year. Those joining previous to September 1st will be credited paid to January 1st following. Those uniting after Septem- ber 1st will be credited paid one year from January 1st following. Article V. — National Meeting. Section i. The National Meeting shall consist of delegates dulv elected bv tlie various branches. These meetings shall occur THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 349 during' the month of February, the exact date and place to be de- cided by the Board of Directors. Sfx". 2. Each Branch shall be entitled to elect one delegate to attend the National fleeting, who shall present proper credentials, and, if correct, such delegate shall be entitled to one vote for every fifty members or fraction thereof in this local Branch. Sec. 3. At the annual meeting the delegates may hold one or more sessions open to JDce-keepers for the consideration of such spe- cial or general topics as the Board of Directors may decide upon. Article \'1. — Officers axd Duties. Sectiox 1. The officers of this Association shall be a President, Vice-President, Secretary and Treasurer-General ^lanager. These ofificers shall be elected at each annual meeting of delegates and serve for one year, or until their successors are elected and qualified. Sec. 2. The President shall preside at each annual m.eeting of delegates, and at any special meeting which may i)e called. He shall also preside at all meetings of Directors and perform any other duties which may devolve upon the presiding officer. Sec. 3. The A'ice-President shall perform the President's duties in his absence. Sec. 4. The Secretary shall keep a record of the proceedings of the annual meeting, maintain a list of all members of the Associa- tion, with their addresses, collect, receipt and pay over to the Treas- urer-General Manager all dues and membership fees; keep a proper record of all business transactions, and perform such other duties as may be required of him by the Association or Directors. Sec. 5. The Treasurer-General Manager shall care for the funds of the Association, depositing the same in such depository as may be approved by' the Directors. He shall also pay such orders com- ing to him as may bear the signature of the one authori;?:ed by the Directors to draw orders. Article \TI. — Board of Directors and Their Duties. Sec. 1. At each Annual Meeting of Delegates, in addition to the officers named in Article VI., there shall be elected a Board of live Directors. (For the 3'ear 191,2 the Officers and Board of Direc- tors shall be elected at the regular ballot election of the Association, to serve until their successors are elected bv a meeting of delegates.) Sec. 2. These Directors shall care for the business of the Asso- ciation between the Annual ^Meetings. They shall have full super- vision of the work of the officers elected, and shall have power to remove from office any Officer or Director not acting in accordance with the Constitution and By-Laws of the Association. Sec. 3. The Board of Directors shall decide upon the compen- sation of the various officers, authorizing the amounts so decided upon to be paid from the general treasury. 350 THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW Sec. 4-. The Board of Directors shall have power to elect a General Organizer, whose duty it shall be to promote the organiza- tion of Branches throughout the United States and Canada. They shall also decide as to his compensation. Article ATII. — Organizatiox of Branches. Section 1. Local Branches may be established in any locality, but not interfering with a Branch alread}^ established, whene^"er the membership in that locality so desires. Sec. 2. — A Local Branch shall consist of not less than twenty- five members. Sec. T). a Local Bee-Keepers' Association already established may become a Branch by a majority ^'ote of its members, either by mail or at a meeting, and accepting" the Constitution and By-Laws of this Association. Article IX. — Amendments. Section L This Constitution may be amended at any regular meeting of Delegates by a two-thirds vote of Delegates present and voting, provided that at least ninety days' notice of the proposed amendment be given to the Secretaries of the Branches. Article X. — Rules of Order. Roberts' Rules of Order shall govern all meetings of both the N^ational and Branch organizations. Bee-Keepers of Oklahoma, Attention ! Please place the date of Tuesday evening, October 1, in your minds in such a position that it will not be forgotten. At that time, in the Apiary building- at the State P^air Grounds in Oklahoma City, there will be a meeting that all should attend. Some work looking to the interests of the industry has been done, but more is much needed. AVe must have the support of those interested to accom- plish more. \Ye have not been getting the support necessary. If 3^ou have not been seeing the display of Oklahoma honey shown at this Fair, 3-ou have no idea of its magnificence. It will likely be as good or better this }ear than ever before. It has been the practice of the Fair management to throw the grounds open in the evening and admission is free. I presume this will be done this year. Come and treat yourself to the sight of a fine hone}' display, and at the same time gi\'e encouragement to the industrv in which you are interested. It is hoped to present a program of more than usual interest. N. Fred Gardiner. President, Oklahoma B)ee-Keepers' Association. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 351 THE POOREST SECTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT IN THE GRADE NAMED FANCY NUMBER ONE NUMBER TWO HONEY QUOTATIONS BOSTON — Fancy white comb honey, IGc to 17c. No. 1 white comb honey, 15c to 16c. Fancy white extracted honey, 10c to lie. Light amber extracted honey, 9c to 10c. Am- ber, 8c to 9c. Wax, 30c. BLAKE-LEE CO.. Aug. 20. 4 Chatham Row. KANSAS CITY, MO.— The receipts of both comb and extracted honey are light, es- pecially comb honey. We are selling our re- ceipts of comb honey as fast as they arrive, at quotations. We quote: No. 1 white comb, 2-t section cases, $.3.50; No. 2 white comb, 24 sectioh cases, $3.00 to $3.25; No. 1 amber, 24 section cases, $3.25; No. 2 amber, 24 section casts, $3.00; extracted white, per lb., 8c to S'/zc; extracted amber, per lb., 7c ■ to 8c; bees- wax, per lb., 25c to 28c. C. C. CLEMONS PRODUCE CO. Aug. 20. CINCINNATI — There has been some new honey arrived and is selling slow from 14 to 16 cents, according to grade and quantity. There seems to be considerable honey offered. There is only a fair demand for extracted honey, white bringing 9c to 9J^c, light amber in barrels 7c, in cans 8c to S^c. Beeswax sellling slow at $33 per hundred. The above are our selling prices, not what we are paying. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. Aug. 19. CINCINNATI — New comb honey is arriv- ing, and in order to consume the great crop of this section of the country there must be a lower range of prices than last year. We are selling choice comb honey at from 13c to 16c per lb., according to the quality and quantity purchased; extracted at 6^c to 7V2C for am- ber, and 8^ANi:ous. In Florida. — Root supplies. Save transpor- tation. Free catalog. G. F. Stanton, Buck- ingham, Fla. Aluminum Hive Numbers (1^-in. high") 9c each Fig. 50 or more lyic. Postpaid, incl. brass nails. Henry Benke, Pleasantville Sta., N. Y. Watch for Dr. Chas. G. Schamu's adver- tisement in November issue. Sold out now. A new announcement then. Special Offers in Bee Literature, etc. Good locations for bees in new and unoccu- pied territory. Send for free circular. George W. York, Sandpoint, Idaho. For Sale. — -A full line of bee-keepers' sup- plies; also Italian bees and honey a specialty. Write for catalog and particulars. The Penn Co., Penn, Miss. (Successor to J. M. Jenkins.) For Sale. — New 60-lb. cans, two in a case, lots of 10 cases, 60c each; 25 cases, 59c each. 50 cases 58c each, 100 cases 57c each, F. O. B. factory in O. or 111. Quotations fur- nished on anything in cans; give quantity wanted. Large contracts enable us to make low prices. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rap- ids, Mich. REAIi ESTATE. For Sale — One 20-acre farm and 130 swarms of bees in Wisconsin's best land and honey locality. Lewis Francisco, Mosinee, Wis. Wanted — Small California property in good bee locality, or will work on shares or for sal- ary. State full proposal in first letter. Jacob Probst, Florence, Burl Co., N. J. POULTRY. Pigeons! Pigeons! — Thousands in all leading varieties at lowest prices. Squab-breeding stock our specialty; 17 years' experience. Illustrated matter free. Providence Squab Co., Provi- dence, R. I. WHITE SWEET CLOVER SEED. We have been requested to furnish our members with white sweet clover seed, and we are just arranging with parties in Colorado to furnish us with what our members want. The need of getting this seed from good reliable sources is apparent, and we are pleased to assure you that the parties who are furnishing it are absolutely reliable, and will furnish the best seed obtainable. Orders will be taken for not less than 10 pounds, at 15c per pound. Transportation charges will have to be paid by the purchaser. State how you want it shipped when sending in your order. THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSN. 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. CHAS. ISRAEL & BROS. 488-490 Canal St,. New York Wholesale Dealers and Commission Merchants in Hoiiey, neesT«-ax, niaple Sugar and Syrup, Etc. Consignments solicited. Established 1875. "Grig-gs Saves you Preig'lit." TOLEDO Is the best shipping center for vour honey crop. We handle vast quantities of Comb and Extracted Honey Write us what you have; will buy any quantity if price is right, or will handle on a commission. Also want to correspond with shippers of Potatoes, Apples, and other Produce. S. J. GRIGGS & CO. 26 N. Erie St. Comb vs. Extracted Honey. {Continued from page jjS) This will not apply to the man who has a ready market near home at a good price. Each producer must decide this question lor himself. I have run bees in seven counties in three states dur- ing the last five years, managing more than one thousand colonies most of the time, so have had some experience. I would like to help put on the brake to raising more extracted honey and encourage comb honey production in the irrigated west at least. Logan, Utah. 354 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Why Not REAR Your Own QUEENS? Doolittle's "Scientific Queen-Rearing" and tine ^ E\V VOUIv CITY, N. V. Golden Italian QUEENS That produce golden bees of the bright- est kind. Brother queen buyers, I have a strain of Goldens that cannot be beat- en in honey gathering, gentleness, pro- lificness and color. I know you have all seen the articles written against the Goldens, but I would like to send those who are trying to run down the Gold- ens a queen of my stock. I will guar- antee my stock to equal any breed of honey bees, and superior to many. Now if you want a good queen to breed from next season, send to me. I have untested at $1.00, tested $2.00, breed- ers. $5.00 to $10.00. To all who men- tion the "Review" I will deduct 25% off each queen. J. B. BROCKWELL Barnetts, Va. MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber coimtrj', and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best yoimg basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. Raspberry H oney... Our crop of raspberry honey this year is very fine. It is the best in quality I ever saw. It was all left on the hives until it was all thoroughly sealed and ripened by the bees. It is thick, rich and delicious. It is put up in new 60 lb. tin cans. Price $6.00 per can. A large sized sample by mail for 10 cents. The 10 cents may be applied on any order sent for honey. ELMER HUTCHINSON, Pioneer, Mich. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 357 QUEENS OF MOORE'S STRAIN OF ITALIANS PRODUCE WORKERS That fill the supers quick ■\Vith honey nice and tliiclv. They have won a world-wide rep- utation for honey-gathering, liard- iness gentleness, etc. Untested aueens, $1.00; six, $5.00; 12, $9.00. Select untested, $1.25; six, $G.00 12. $11.00. Safe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed. Circular free. J. P. MOORE Queen Breeder, Route 1, Morgan, Ky. This is the only place in Indiana where you can get Lewis Beeware, Dadant's Foundation, Bingham Smokers, and Prompt Shipment. Indianapolis is the greatest inland railroad center in the world, both steam and interurban. This helps us to give better service in receiving and shipping to all points. Orders are shipped same day received and no order is too small to receive prompt attention. Wanted: Comb and Extracted Honey, Beeswax. Catalog free. The C. M. Scott Co. 1004 E. Wasliington St., INBIANAFOIiIS, INDIANA. Bee -Keepers I will be in the market for large quantities of (clover and iDasswood Honey Again serve your own interests. Send me a sample and get my offer before you make a mistake. H. C Ahlers West Bend, Wis. SATISFACTORY RESULTS Will be obtained by using MANU- FACTURED COMB FOUNDATION, which embodies PURITY, TOUGH- NESS, TRANSPARENCY, COLOR and the PURE BEES WAX ODOR of the NATURAL COMB as made by the HONEY BEE. SUCH IS THE DITTMER PROCESS COMB FOUNDATION Send for Samples. All other Bee Keepers' Supplies at prices you will appreciate. We will be pleased to send you our 1912 Catalog, for the asking. Gus Dittmer Co. Augusta, Wisconsin. 358 THE BEE-KEEPERS REVIEW Honey for Sale The "National' Takes Its First Step In Bringing Buyer and Pro- ducer Together, at Not One Cent Cost to Either. Car Lots Handled as Well as Ton Lots. Honey From Clover, Basswood, Raspberry, Sage, iVles- quit, Buckwheat, Alfalfa — In Fact, From Every Source From Which the Bees Gather It. We Have Talked Enough. The Time For Action is at Hand. Read the Following Carefully: We have talked for a long time about the National doing something to help the producer get a better price for his honey. So far it has been mostly talk. But at ihe ^Directors' meeting last January it was decided to take such steps as were possible this year. I laid before the Directors a plan to establish selling agencies in several of the principal cities. That plan was approved by the Directors, but for certain reasons, which will be explained to the delegates next February, it was impossible to put the plan in operation this fall. But We Are Going to Sell Honey Just the Same. Honey crop reports have come to me from all over the United States and Canada. Alter giving them careful study I believe that good well- ripened clover and raspberry extracted honey, in 60-lb. cans, should bring the producer not less than 9 cents, f. o. b. his station. The same grade of comb honey, the best, should bring not less than IG cents. Not being" acquainted with western markets and western honey, I am unable to say how much it should bring, but western bee-keepers can form some opinion, after considering the prices given above. Buyers and Producers Should Write Me at Once. Every producer ^^ho has honey for sale should write me just as scon as he reads this notice. Eon't wait until tomorrow, for I must know what you have at once if I am to help you sell it. Slend me a small sample if it is extracted honeJ^ Whether it is comb or extracted, tell me all about your crop. I want to know how much you have for sale, how it is put up, how much you want for it — in fact, everything about it. Then I will put that information on a card, and that card Avill be filed so I can refer to it instantly. Now you mustn't stop then, but you must try just as hard to sell your honey as though I wasn't trying with you. If I can sell your honey it won't cost you a single penny for my trouble. Every honey buyer should write me his wants at once. Tell me just how much, what kind, and what price you expect to pay. In other words, make me an offer for what you want. Or, if you don't want to do that, tell me what you want anywaJ^ and let me make you an offer. With the information I should have I ought to be able to place you in communi- THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 359 cation with the producer who has just what you desire, and who is the nearest to you, thus saving freiglit. Don't you see how this plan should work out to the mutual advantage of both buyer and seller? What I do won't cost you anything either. Did You Think We Were After You, Mr. Buyer? Not if you are an honest buyer, willing to paj' the market price for what the producer has. But if you are one of those fellows who wants to "skin" the producer, then we are after you, and we'll get you too. What we are trying to do is to bring buyer and producer closer together. We don't want you to pay more than the market price, and we don't want some uninformed producer to sell to your competitor at less than you have to pay. Neither do we want producers selling at retail at whole- sale prices. But so long as this selling business is run each man for himself, just so long will those conditions exist. How much easier for you to write me just what you want, and let me tell you the name of the producer who has it. Will you do it? This Will Be Done Absolutely Free to You. In order that this transaction may be entirely free from the suspicion of "graft," I am going to conduct it so I couldn't get a "rake off" if I wanted to. Buyer and seller will be placed in direct communication with each other, and will close the deal direct. Mr. Buyer writes me that he wants so many tons of such and such honey. Referring to my cards I tind that Mr. Producer has exactly what he wants for sale. The proper infor- mation is given and my part of the transaction is done. If the buyer has no rating, honey should either be paid for before shipping, or shipped sight draft attached to bill of lading. Your bank will explain fully. Or if the buyer does not wish to send cash direct to the producer, he can send it to me to be held until honey has been received and found to be just as pro- ducer represented it to be. What I Can Offer Now. Unless sold before you get this Review, I can offer you one car of alfalfa extracted honey, 60 lb. cans, 2 in a case, at $8.00 per case f. o. b. Idaho. Can offer 460 cases same as above, gathered from mesquit, polo verde. and alfalfa, rather dark, at 6 cts. f. o. b. Arizona. Have 15 or 20 tons extracted raspberry honey, New York State, at 9 cts. Have some Michigan extracted hone}', clover, raspberry, etc., at 9 cts. to 10 cts. Have plenty of other lots, both comb and extracted, but no prices. However, will get you what you want, if I can. If you have honey for sale, or want to buy honey, it will pay you to write me the same day you read this. Yours truly. E. B. TYRRELL, 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich, Secretary N. B. K. A., 360 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW This Can for 20 ds., in Crates of 50. F.O.B. Detroit. For this same can, packed two in a box, the price is 60c per box. Note the paneled sides, the inner seal, and remember the tin is heavy. Size of can, 9% square by 1 3^8 inches high, with 1 ^ inch cork lined, inner seal, screw cap. TtiisPait for 6y4 cfs., in Crates of 100. F.O.B. Detroit A friction top pail. Put in the honey, push down the cover, and you have no leakage. Size of pail, 6^3 inches in diameter by 7 inches h:gh. Holds 10 lbs. Honey Write for descriptive circular giving full particulars, prices, and freight rates, to The National Bee-Keepers' Association 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. / No No. 51 No. 52 No. 53 v.. Glass Packages For Honey. According to instructions given by the Board of Directors, we have made ari'angements with one of the largest glass manufacturers to fur- nish our members with glass packages this year. Only four sizes were selected, and it is hoped that as large orders will be sent in as possible, for what we do this year will determine whether we can get even better arrangements next year. On car lots either for these tour sizes or for any special size, write and we will see if we can get you a still closer price. No. 50 Jar holds one pound of honey. Has tin screw cap. Packed 2 dozen in a corrugated paper case, at 85c per case, F. O. B. Pittsburgh. No. 51 Jar holds % of a pound of honey. Tin screw cap. Packed 2 dozen in a corrugated paper case, at 65c per case, F. O. B. Pittsburgh. No. 52 Jellie, holds Vz pound of honey. Tin cap. Packed 2 dozen in a corrugated paper case, at 40c per case. Packed 4 dozen in a case at 70c per case, F. O. B. Pittsburgh. Per barrel, 13c per dozen, plus 50c for the barrel. No. 53 Squat Jellie, holds % pound honey. Tin cap. Packed only in cases holding 6 dozen, at 90c per case, or by the barrel at 13c per dozen, plus 50c for the barrel, F. O. B. Pittsburgh. A barrel holds from 20 to 25 dozen jellies. Be sure and send in your orders in plenty of time, sending cash with the same. These prices for members and subscribers only. THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION, 230 Woodland Ave., DETROIT, MICH. ROOT'S BEEKEEPERS SUPPLIES You may have a catalog of supplies; but if you haven't ours for 1912 you have missed something really worth while, and should get one at once. It is the largest and most complete ever published — more than a mere price list of supplies — a book that every beekeeper can read with pleasure and profit. Beginners will find answers to many perplexing questions, and ad- vanced beekeepers timely suggestions that will save them money. Old customers are writing us frequently letters like the following: Your catalog for 1912, designated ROOT'S BEEKEEPERS' SUPPLIES, is received, and I certainly thank you for this book. I have had your catalog on my desk for years, _ and have used Root's supplies all along. I note the enlargement and improve- ment in your new catalog, and notice many things I expect to add to my apiary. Crystal City, Texas. C. W. Cox. Our catalog this season also gives a full and complete list of books and booklets which we can supply. Many of these booklets are free, which doesn't mean that they are not worth read- ing, but simply that we want you to be informed on the subjects of which they treat. Send for a catalog, and check those in which you are interested. Quick Deliveries Next to having the best goods made, there is nothing so important to the beekeeper in the busy season as to have goods delivered just when they are wanted most. It isn't always possible to ship goods from a distant factory and have them reach destination within a day or two, as is sometimes necessary during the height of the season, but with distributing-houses located in the large shipping-centers we are able to supply beekeepers everywhere, with no loss of time and with minimum transportation charges. Send Your Hurry Orders to any one of the offices listed below, and let us show you what we can do for you in point of service. Cars are going to these branches at the rate of two or three a week, so the stocks are new and fresh, and we usually have just what you want. If it isn't in stock at your nearest branch our manager will include your order with his specifications and you may have your goods come in the next car, thereby saving on transportation charges and getting the goods in better shape than you would by local freight. Whatever Your Wants we can supply you, and, of course, there is no question about the quality of our goods. The name "ROOT" in connection with bee-supplies means the best of every thing in this line, and the best is always the cheapest, as our customers will testify. If you have never used our supplies you should make a trial of them this season. Once used, we are sure you will want no other. I have just received my goods, order No. 10,739. I ai.i more than pleased with them. I had intended to make my hives, but when I received the sample hive and saw the No. 1 pine lumber from which it was made, and considering the workmanship, I am satisfied I can buy cheaper than .^ can make them; enough cheaper to save the price of the lumber. 0. C. Mills, Barton Ldg., Vt. BRANCH OFFICIIS New York, 139-141 Franklin St. Chicagro, 213-231 Institute Place Philadelphia, 8-10 'Vine St. Des Moines, 565 'W. Seventh St. St. Paul, 1024 Mississippi St. Syracuse, 1631 Genesee St. "Washing-ton, 1100 Maryland Ave. S-'W. Mechanic Falls, Maine Distributing' Depots in Mai:y Iiarg-e Centers The A. I. Root Company Executive Offices and Factory MEDINA, OHIO THE CHAS. F, MAY CO., PHINTEBS. DETHOIT,! Published Mont% OCT. 1912 DETROIT MICHIGAN ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR Going to buy a Motor Car ? Then you want to know about the Cartercar— F"irst of all bear in mind that the Cartercar is not a gear car ! It ha^ no gears ami none uf the geai drawbacks. The usual complicated gear trans- mission is replaced by the patented: Friction Transmission. This hai only two unit parts — making tho Cartercar far more reliable and eas- ier to drive. And besides, the Cartercar wih easily climb a 50% grade with a f uL load. It will also run thru mud and sand where other cars are helpless. The reason is simple — because there is no waste power — no weakening of the drive through ten or twelve in- tricate gears. And you have an unlimited number of speeds, from nothing up to about forty or fifty miles per hour. Com- pare' this with the three forward and one reverse of the gear ma- chine. Then, with the three independent systems of brakes, the Cartercar is safe at all times for ladies and young or old people to drive. The very simple construction and easy control make the Cartercar delight- ful for everyone to drive. And this Friction Transmissios prevents jerks and jars. Think what this means to the occupants of the car — and also what it will mean on your tire bills. Some Car- ttTcar owners say the tire cost is a!)Otit half what other cars require. Here are facts that deserve you." serious consideration. If they arc true then you cannot afford to owm any other car — and we will just be delighted to prove every word. Write for catalog and address of nearest agent. Cartercar Company Pontiac, Michigan BRANCHES: NEW VORK, CHICAGO, DETROIT, KANSAS CITV. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 361 Special Delivery During this month we shall double our usual efforts in points of delivery and service. Early indications not having been most favorable, it is possible many beekeepers will not have laid in a sufficient stock of supplies, such as sections and foundation, for the clover and basswood this month. We are prepared to make up for this oversight by having a large stock of both sections and foundations on hand for instant delivery. We carry nothing but the Root make, which insures the best quality of everything. We sell at factory prices, thereby insuring a uniform rate to everyone. The saving on transportation charges from Cincinnati to points south of us will mean quite an item to beekeepers in this territory. We are so located that we can make immediate shipment of any order the day it is received. Honey and Wax If you haven't made arrangements for the disposition of your honey and wax tor this season, consult us. We buy both in large quantities, and can assure you of fair and courteous treatment, and a good price for your crop. Shipping-cases To sell your crop to the best advantage it must be well put up in attractive style. We have shipping cases that answer every requirement of looks and utility. Small pro- ducers who sell their crops locally will be interested in the cartons in which comb honey is put up to sell to the fancy customers at top-notch prices. We have honey-cans, too, in cases for those who produce extracted honey. In fact, there isn't anything we don't have that the beekeeper needs, cither to produce his crop or help to sell it. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. 2146 Central Ave. Cincinnati, Ohio IF BEES COULD TALK They Would Say: "GIVE as 'Dadant's Foundation' IT'S CLEAN, ITS PURE, IT'S FRAGRANT, IT'S JUST LIKE THE COMB WE MAKE OURSELVES " If you are not using "DADANT'S FOUNDATION" drop us a card and we will give you prices or tell you where you can get it near you. DADANT & SONS, V^^y'hlTs'. A. G. WOODMAN CO., Grand Rapids Agent for Michigan 362 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW White Comb Honey Fancy and No. 1. We Need Large Quantities and Can Use Yours WRITE us American Butter & Cheese Co. 31-33 Griswold St. Detroit, Mich. Perfect Rendering of Wax From Old Comb and Cappings has always been a serious stumbling block for the bee-keeper. We have overcome this obstacle by installing a mighty Hydraulic Press, which extracts every particle of wax from the slumgum. Ouv charge for rendering is 5c a lb., and we pay you the highest market price, remitting the day after rendering. Our process — extracting all the wax — more than pays the charges, and leaves you a greater profit than you expected, besides relieving you of that messy and unsatisfactory job of rendering. Barrel up your old comb and cappings and let us surprise you, as we have the many who have already shipped theirs. We need great quantities of Comb and Extracted Honey. Write us. The FRED W. MUTH CO. " The Busy Bee Men " 204 Walnut St. CINCINNATI, O. THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 363 PAGE-KENKEL MFG. CO. MANUFACTURERS OF THE "NONE BETTER" Bee - Keepers' Supplies THIRTY YEARS EXPERIENCE Perfect sections from young, white, kiln dried basswood. White Pine Hives and Supers, Excellent Shipping Cases, Brood Frames, Separators, etc. We invite your correspondence. Page -Kennel Manufacturing Co, New London, Wis. WANTED NEW CROP HONEY Both Comb and Extracted Are you looking for a market? New York is as good as any. We handle on commission and buy outright. Write us before disposing of your honey. Hildreth & Segelken 2«o--(»7 Green^vicSi St. >E\V YORK CITY, X. Y. ii falcon^^ Queens Three-banded Italians — Golden Italcans — Carniolans Rest of 1912 Season. Untested, 1, 75c; 6, $4.25; 12, $8.00. Select untested, $1.00; 6, $5.50; 12, $10.00. Tested, $1.50 each; 6, $8.00; 12, $15. Select tested, $2.00 each; 6, $10.00; 12, $18.00. Safe arrival and satisfaction guar- anteed. We charge 10c for clipping a queen's wings. ••Falcon" Shipping-Case^! "Falcon" Insure safe arrival of your comb honey and better price by using the best protection cases made. W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO. Falconer, X. Y. Dealers Evervwhere. MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best joung basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. 364 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW E. B.TYRRELL, Managing Editor. (ESTABLISHED 1888) OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION Office OF Publication - - - 230 \A/oodlan d Aven ue VOL. XXV. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, OCTOBER 1, 1912. No. 10. Short Biographical Sketches of the Men Who Are Now Editing The Review. E. D. TOWN SEND. ^^HIS is August 5th, 1912. It was in 1858, 51: years today, I was mj_j born. Down east in York state, in Jefferson Co., near Water- town, on Grandfather Nathen Townsend's farm, now a suburb of the city. Next to her wedding day, my mother used to mention this date as an episode in her life. Not that my mother thought more of me than of her other children, for I never knew my mother to show partiality to any of us. I was the older one ; later, it be- came more of a common occurrence, as there are four of us, two brothers and one sister. My two brothers make bee-keeping the greater part of their business, and I'll be "gol darned" if father jiasn't now gone into the bee business. At six months of age I had the pleasure (?) of moving by sleigh from Jefferson Co. to AVayne Co., near South Butler, with my parents. I write this as I was told, as my memory is a little vague of this period of my life. When six years of age my parents moved to Michigan, and I can just remember that I went along. After a long, tired ride on the steam cars, one day the brakeman came in and hollered out "Pewamo." Then I remember that there was a considerable "commotion" in our part of the car. AA'earing apparel was "donned," bundles, boxes and hand-bags were gathered up, as this was our destination — Pewamo. Ionia Co., ^Michigan. The second six years of my life was spent with m}^ parents on a farm two and a half miles southwest of Pewamo, in the township of 366 THE BEE-KEEPERS REVIEW Lyons, on Maple street. 'Sly father had the distinttion of setting the first maple trees on this, one of the very fin- est rural streets in the state. At twelve years of ag"e my parents moved on a farm near Hubbardston, in Clinton Co., Michi- gan. It was on this farm that my bee- keeping experience "We are Going to Be Pa-pa's stenographers when We are Old Enough." began.'ln June. 1876 [Pno/o by Tojvtisend.] o .'■'•> a swarm of bees was seen to go over; I followed and found them entering a large elm tree. The next day a neighbor helped me to get the swarm from the tree, by felling it and hiveing them as a new swarm, for they had not built any comb to speak of. I am not sure but that state- ment needs revising. It would be nearer the truth had I said that I helped the neighbor, for he had had some experience, I none at that time. I was now 17 years old, with a considerable energy, and without a cent. My first swarm was moved home that night, after the bees had done flying for the day. I have had .bees ever since that eventful day. Either the season of 1876 was an exceptionally good one with us. or my first swarm a very large and thrifty one, for they soon filled their hive and I divided them in the middle, giving each a half of the bees, brood and honey. Each half filled their hive before winter and must have been in fairly good shape, as they both win- tered. During the first ten years of my bee-keeping, less than 50 swarms were kept. At the end of this period I was married to Sarah L. Foreman, a neighbor girl. Four of our five children are now living, two boys and two girls. The boys are both bee-keepers, and the girls say they are going to be pa's stenographers when they get old enough. They are, one ten the other eleven years old. Now came a period of about fifteen years when bees v/ere still kept as a side issue, but nearly a hundred swarms were kept in one home yard. During the last few years we have kept "more bees" as the readers know who have followed me in my writings in the past. — E. D. TowNSEND. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 367 WESLEY FOSTER. A person is so tremendously interested in his own welfare and progress that it is difficult to write a worth}- autobiographical sketch. The writer writes of things exterior to himself, and when he turns his view inward to set down the things there seen, the problem is a difficult one indeed. ^ly birthplace is !Mount Vernon. loAva, where is located Cornell College, a Methodist institution my father and mother both attended, and there they met, fell in love and married before either had fin- ished their courses. My uncle, Oliver Foster, was keeping bees at Mt. Vernon at the time I was born, Jan. 5, 1884:. As youngsters, my brothers and I used to earn quite a few pennies helping Uncle Oliver with the easier parts of the bee work. Father at that time did not keep more than fifty colonies, so that we did not have much bee work of our own to do. Father moved his family overland to Colorado in the fall of 1897, when I was 13 years old, and the trip will never be forgotten. The trip took seven weeks, and I was the right age to enjoy it. The plains, with the dry buffalo grass, level and desolate, except for priarie dogs, coyotes, an occasional ranch house and herds of cattle, was a radical change from the greenness of Iowa. When we reached Greeley district of Colorado I thought alfalfa was the green- est and richest color that could be imagined. Father embarked in bee-keeping within a few months after reaching Colorado, and he soon had his first experience with Amer- ican foul brood. I attended the Boulder public schools and the State Preparatory school. Went to school in Chicago for a part of two years. I took two correspondence courses which is about the sum of my schooling. Have been in the bee business producing comb honey most of the time. Have been in partnership with my father and brother. W. W. Foster, all of the time. We have operated from 250 to 1,000 colonies, and never had what could be called a bumper crop. At the present time T am secretary of the Colorado State Bee-Keepers' Association, and have charge of the Colorado bee inspection under Prof. C. P. Gillette, state entomologist. Father and I are operating about 200 colonies here at Boulder, and in Montezuma county, and my brother, W. W. Foster, has 500 colonies of ours and leased bees at Nyssa, Ore. August 31st, 1910, I married Cordia Stevenson, an Iowa girl from my home town, IMount \^ernon. V\^e have a little daughter, Dora May. who brightens our home and whose favorite color is that of the Review cover. She is seven months old. and already devours many a newspaper, so we think she is inclined toward literature. — Wesley Foster. 368 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW E. B. TYRRELL. I was born in the Township of Davison, County of Genesee, State of Michigan, on ]\Iay 16th, 1877. My boyhood days, which were the same as any other healthy country boy's, were all spent in this township. At the age of 16 I decided to invest in a pop corn machine. My uncle suggested that 1 better spend my money for a swarm of bees. One of my weak points has always been that when I made up my mind to do a thing it has been hard to give up. So the pop corn machine was purchased. But that sug- gestion regarding bees had taken root, and within the next year 1 earned enough money by picking apples at 50c per day to buy a swarm in a box hive, in the fall, at $4.00. A bee-keeper living about a mile from me kept his bees in chaff hives, and believing that my bees could not winter without protection, I made a packing box, packed everything nicely with rags, and the next spring had the tamest bees in the neighborhood. That didn't quench the bee fever, however. So my stepfather bought, at an auction sale, five colonies for me. I believe two of these died before spring was over, and at least one of the other three was weak. A few years later I hired out to the late Charley Koeppen. who at that time lived near Flint, Michigan. The two of us "batched" it. and cared for his nearly 400 colonies, running them all for comb honey. Mr. Koeppen was a crank on manipulation, having no use for the "Coggshall lightning methods," and would not permit a bee- veil being used by either of us. So I was thoroughly inoculated with stings. That year we harvested about 20,000 lbs. of comb honey. About this time I became interested in fraternal insurance work, starting out as an organizer for the Ancient Order of Gleaners, a farmers' society which at that time had about 8,000 members, but which now has nearly 80,000. It has been a see-saw between the Gleaners and the bees ever since. My last position with them, and the one I was holding when I took up the publication of the Review, was that of P^ield Manager, having charge of the deputies and the work of increasing the membership of the organization. I was married September 9th, 1901, to ^liss ]\iaud Enos, of Vas- sar, Alich., and our wedding trip was made to Buffalo, wliere, be- sides taking in the Pan-American Exposition, we also attended the meeting of the National Bee-Keepers' Association. We now have two boys, Norval and Milford, aged 7 and 9 years respectively. Owing to my organization work I never became very heavily engaged in bee-keeping, 200 colonies being the largest number kept at one time. — E. B. Tyrrell. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 369 Wintering Bees. Read before the Colorado State Bee-Keepers' Assoeialion Convention in Denver, ipii. OLIVER FOSTER. ' "Jl N preparing bees for winter, shall we provide for their protec- Tl tion from extremes of cold and heat by packing the hives, or shall we leave them unprotected? This question should be considered with reference to several other conditions which must be taken into account. Mr. A. carries his bees into the cellar, where he scrupulously maintains a uniform temperature of from 43 to 45 degrees. He has found that a much lower temperature than 43 degrees will result in a loss of many colonies and poor results generally, but he succeeds well with the higher temperature, and his experience is in harmony with all who winter in cellars. ]\Ir. B. maintains, on the other hand, that cold does not hurt the bees in the least. He leaves his colonies right out of doors, in ordi- nary single-walled, unprotected hives, with the full summer entrance wide open and with perhaps an additional large opening at the top of the hive, right over the bees, which opens into a space between an inner and an outer cover, this space having free communication with all outdoors through spaces under the upper cover at ends or sides. His bees winter well, even though the mercury falls to zero or far below and though the snowy blizzards often rage throughout the winter. And ]\Ir. B.'s testimony agrees with that of many oth- ers who have no use for winter packing and whose bees generally come through the winter and spring in good candition. AVhy this difiterence of opinion and practice? How is it that A. and B. both succeed, each with his favorite method so different from that of the other, while various compromises between these two extremes do not as a rule give good results. I think we must look for the answer to this question in the fact that other important fac- tors are figuring in the problem. A. lives in a lower altitude, where the atmosphere is heavy and comparatively damp, and where cold weather continues for several months at a time in winter, with no warm days to enable the bees to fly and renovate their conditions. B. lives in Colorado's rare and dry atmosphere, where every two weeks or oftener throughout the winter the bright sunshine warms his unpacked hives and all ou'i- doors as well, arousing the bees from their hibernating stupor, afifording them the opportunity to take a cleansing flight, and to gather into their winter nest and into their now empty honey sac a fresh supply of stores from the outer combs and to reduce it to 370 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW its proper consistency as to moisture for immediate use. After this renovating spell they can crawl into the empty cells within the cluster or take their position with those that are dele- gated to form the outer protecting crust of the cluster. These crust- forming bees assume a state of almost perfect hibernation, in which condition almost any degree of cold is harmless to them for a lim- ited time or until their honey sacs need replenishing, when another warming-up spell and a change of shift is necessary. Mr. A.'s bees in the cellar have no such natural season of warm- ing up ; consequently, the bees of each individual colony must, of their own accord, and at such times as their necessities require, work themselves up to the necessary degree of heat and activity for a similar renovation, although the cleansing flight is denied them until the spring setting-out time arrives. However, if all other conditions are perfect under the protection system, the flying spell seems to be unnecessary for long seasons. A uniform temperature of much below 43 degrees is probably unfavorable to the other and more necessary renovating operations, hence the advantage of a warm hive during long, protracted cold. Moreover, the air in Mr. A.'s cellar becomes unavoidably foul, and much damper than the air that sweeps through Mr. B.'s apiary and hives. For this reason, heat is necessary to enal^le the bees to force out these very injurious elements from their quarters. As I see it, the first essential condition for good wintering is a good quality of stores, gathered or stored from feeders after part of the brood is hatched, so that it is deposited within easy access to the contracted cluster of bees. The next important requisite is thorough elimination from the cluster of bees of the impurities and surplus moisture which are constantly emanating in greater or less amount from their bodies as w^aste material. This is accomplished in either one of two w^ays : The one by the expulsive power of heat; the other by means of a free circula- tion of cold, fresh air. The one under the warm protection system; the other under the open-air, unprotected system. The principles involved are quite different, l)ut the end accom- plished is the same — a dry winter nest. There are two methods of drying clothes on a cold winter day. One way is to hang them by a hot stove, where the heat turns the moisture into vapor and, expanding the steam, expels it from the fabric. The other way is to hang the clothes out of doors, where they instantly freeze stiff, but Avhcre the freeh' circulating, cold, dr}- air soon absorbs the very ice and carries it away as frozen vapor. These two principles em- ployed in drying clothes illustrate the two systems under w^hicli bees in winter quarters are kept dry and free from impure air. The one w^e might call the warm protected system ; the other the cold free-air svstem. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 371 According to my experience and observation, a weak or un- populous colony needs warm protection. Especially is this true if their stores are not of good quality, or if they are short in quantity and scattered throughout the hive with much empty comb near the contracted cluster of bees. Again, some kind of protection is neces- sary in localities where cold weather is long continued, in a cold, damp climate, or in a low altitude. It seems that a weak and un- protected colony requires too great a proportion of their bees to form that protecting crust I have mentioned, so that there is not a sufficient number of bees remaining to form what should be the main body of the cluster within this outer crust, where a little more heat should be maintained, the bees remaining less dormant and slightly active, and so able to minister to the needs of the colony as to heat and nourishment. When all, or nearly all, the bees are required for the more dormant crust, the colony perishes. The best method of packing I have found, and I have tried about every form, is to set the hives together in bunches or piles so that all their adjoining sides touch each other. To this end there must be no projections on these adjoining sides either on the bottom boards, bodies or covers. They should be placed four abreast facing south or southeast and the front end should be left exposed to the sun. The top and the northeast and west sides of the bunch may be packed with straw or chafif if desired and the packing held in place with boards and rocks or with burlap and baling wire. I think it is a good plan in case of weak colonies to place a second tier of four or five hives on top of the first, with covers and bottoms removed from between the two tiers and these replaced by single sheets of tin or sheet iron. To form temporary bottom boards of these metal sheets a bee space is formed on their upper sides by tacking strips on the sides and back. To avoid confusion the entrances are contracted and separated as far as practicable, with here and there a sheet of tin shoved in between the hives. The removed bottoms and covers are used to retain the packing or to protect the bunch of hives from storms. No mixing of bees need be feared when separating the hives in spring upon their summer stands, since the appearance of the whole yard is entirely changed at once. This should be done when few bees are flying and all locations will be marked by the bees on their first flight. [Mr. Oliver Foster gave his wintering plan, somewhat similar to the one here described, some time ago in the Review. Here, however, he has gone into the question a little differently. It must be borne in mind that packing straw around the hives as he describes will give good results only where the winters are com- paratively dry. This plan will apply only to the arid west where the winters are dry and comparatively mild. Winter protection is needed in the west, however, for the west does have prolonged cold spells. The loss was verj' heavy in eastern Colorado the past winter, largely on account of the severe weather. The bee- men are preparing for more protection another winter. 372 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Mr. R. H. Rhodes, of Platteville, Colorado, has used double walled hives some, and he tells me that they are not so satisfactory and he has abandoned using them— W. F.] The Successful Wintering of Bees. How the Cellar is Built, With a Work-shop Overhead, at a Nom- inal Cost. A. D. D. WOOD. * — A WAY back in the SO's, when I first began to take financial ^Xv interest in the bee. I began to wonder how I could winter them year after year and be successful. About that time Prof. A. J. Cook was very enthusiastic on sub-earth ventilated bee- cellars, and I fell victim to the idea and built one according to his plans. It worked all right as he predicted. But did we need the sub-earth ventilator? No, I don't think we did. I used this cellar as long as I stayed "down on the farm" in Jackson County, ]\Iichi- gan, and after moving to Lansing", ]\Iich., I had to use any old place I could find. Here at home I wintered part in the cellar under the dwelling and part packed outdoors. The difiference was alwa\^s in favor of the cellar and at times there was as much as a foot of water in it, and I have had to wear rubber boots at times in carry- ing out the bees in the spring. The temperature would range all Exterior View of Work Shop and Bee Cellar of A. D. D. Wood. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 373 '<3[itt ' ^;w^ :> ,ag by 9 inches in size, and covers the production, grading and marketing of comb honey. Indiana bee-keepers will remember ]\lr. Demuth as their former hustling bee inspector. This is the first bulletin we have seen from Mr. Demuth's pen, and it does credit to its author. Sent free on request. The Fred W. Muth Co. Suffer a Disastrous Fire. Tuesday morning. September 10th. a disastrous fire broke out at the place of business of the Fred W. ]\Iuth Co.. and according to a cut appearing in the Cincinnati Times Star the l)uilding was com- pletely gutted. ]\Ir. }iluth. in a private letter, says they had $10,000 worth of honey in the building, all of which was paid for, and was covered 3£4 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW by insurance to the amount of $'22,500. Much of the honey was in the cellar and on the first floor and was covered with tarpaulin by the salvage corps, so that with the insurance and the honey saved he does not think they will sutler much loss. The firm has rented a new building- at 204 Walnut St., and is ready to receive orders and shipments of honey as formerly. He assures me that he has full confidence in his ability to master the situation, and states that his customers need have no fear as to their shipments and orders, for they are as strong as "The Rbck of Gibraltar," and will never deviate from their motto: "Money back the very day shipment arrives." The New Firm of Page-Kenkel Manufacturing Company. Bee-keepers noticed the advertisement of the Page-Kenkel Mfg. Co. in last issue, but possibly did not know that this firm is the suc- cssor to the Page and Lyon Company which recently went into bankruptcy. The firm has been re-organized with J- F. Kenkel as treasurer and manager. L. B. Lesh as vice-president, and C. H. Marsh as secretary and treasurer. With thirty years' experience in the supply business there is no reason why this firm should not enjoy a full share of the patron- age of the bee-keepers. We wish them the fullest measure of success. Ask the Candidates Now. Several State Associations are making arrangements to ask for larger appropriations for bee inspection, and several are desirous of a change in the laws they now have. A word of encouragement to the bee-keepers who have this work in hand should be given at every opportunity. They should feel that the money spent for the advance of bee culture is one of the best investments that a state can make. Our state legislatures are too much controlled by the city element and the professional politician ; neither class appreciates the need for the development and advance of country interests. Apiary inspection is one form of bee-keeping extension and an in- spector's work becomes easier as bee-keeping practice improves. There is not a state but what should spend from $5,000 a year up on advancing bee culture. I do not think the bee men are any slower than the farmers in asking for state appropriations, but the whole rural population is waking up to the fact that the Agricultural Institutes, special trains, etc., are bringing money-making ideas to their attention. Now, before election, is the time to ask the candidates where they stand on agricultural and apicultural extension. A candidate is for you to command and he will listen to you more earnestly THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 385 before election than he may after he is elected. Get the candidate pledged and he will not forget it so quickly as he will if he is not asked till after he is in office. A feeling of fear seems to possess a goodly number of bee men, when they think of asking a legislator for a favorable vote on a question. This should not be. Legislators are more or less human and in every day life are about like other people. The habit of writing to state and national representatives and senators is one that should be more largely contracted among the bee men. Have a list of their names handy so that they can be easily reached at any time. — \V. F. Manipulating the Markets. In a little town in Central ^Michigan a local elevator man was buying beans. His finances beginning to run low, he went to his banker and asked what he could do, as farmers were bringing the beans and he couldn't refuse to buy them. The banker advised him to reduce the price 10c a bushel. He did, but immediately the farmers got scared at the falling price and rushed in the beans faster than ever. In his report to stop the rush of beans he simply in- creased it, and was forced by the producers to make several thous- and dollars that year that he would not otherwise have made. To- day he knows that a good way to get beans is to simply lower the price. Look out that you don't get fooled on your honey in the same way. In every large city they have a produce board that sets the price of farm produce daily. These men are supposed to consider the supply and demand, and set the price accordingly. Markets are quoted through the daily press. When a supply of poultry is needed markets can be quoted high, demand brisk, and supply short. This will start a supply from the country, but by the time they arrive the demand diminishes, supply increases and prices smash. The producer gets the smashed price. Before the peach growers of Georgia were organized, carload shipments of peaches sent to the northern markets were known to be coming long before they ar- rived, and the market fixed for their arrival. Over in Colorado there is a paper published, the Montrose Weekly Press, which reported the crop of honey on the western slope as from 35 to 40 cars. The impression was given that the crop in Colorado is large this year. Unfortunately for Colorado bee-men this report Avas copied by Gleanings in Bee-Cnltnre. The Colorado Honey Producers' Association had 10 cars of honey booked for sale, and when this report was published every buyer cancelled his order. This would not have been so bad had the report given been true, but according to a letter from Director Foster tliere will 386 THE BEE-KEF.PERS' REVIEW not be 10 cars of honey on the whole western slope, and he doubts if there are 35 cars in the whole state. We believe that Gleanings was innocent of any intention to injure the producer, but it shows how dangerous to the producer it is to copy any such reports from the press which may have been given for the purpose of influencing the market. Wintering Bees Out of Doors in Cases Packed With Chaff. With a rule of every thing portable in out-yard work, our win- ter cases are built in sections. Each section of the case is built flat, so it can be loaded upon a wagon or car for moving about as well as if in the crude state of lumber. The case is built of hemlock lumber, except the framework of the sides, ends and covers, which are of hardwood, this being better to hold the nails. The roof, sides, ends and floor is made of %" planed and matched material, the best part being selected for the cover. The three sleepers supporting the floor are 2x4s laid flat, and the floor is nailed to the sleepers as in laying matched flooring. The case is built to winter four swarms, two pair placed side by side close together and two pair placed close together at the back ends, forming a solid block of four swarms, two facing east and two facing west. They may winter just as well facing north and south, but we reason that by facing our bees east and west, all colonies get an equal share of the sun, which may be an advantage. We like a considerable packing around our hives in winter, so built our winter cases large enough to admit of 5" of chaff on all sides and 8 to lO''^ on top. As we winter most of our bees IJ'^ stor- ies high, we build the cases 27'" deep. The floor of the case is used summer and winter (for a. stand in summer), the swarms being placed one on each corner of the stand during summer, then during winter are crowded close together at the center, which leaves the desired 5'' for packing material on all- sides. For the 10-frame L hive the floor is built 42x50". The sides and ends of the case are made large enough to telescope over the floor %" to exclude snow and rain at the bottom, the frame-work of the case preventing its telescoping too far. The case is "tacked" together at each corner with 6d nails, and can be easily pried apart for summer storing or moving. The entrance "bridge" is 2}^^^ high and 8" long, admitting the bees to enter on the wing to the inner hive. The half-tone submit- ted will make everything so plain but little description is necessary. We usually pack our bees early this month (October), and the material used for packing varies according to the ease of pro- curing. We see no difference between wheat, oat or clover chaff, and have sometimes used oat straw with good results. — Townsend. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 387 ®1}^ Nattnnal l^^-K^i^p^rfi' AsHnrtattnu Atib tta UlranriiPa Officers. Directors. George W. York, President Sandpoint, Ida. E. D. Townsend, Chairman Remus, Mich. MoRLEY Pettit, Vice-Pres. . .Guelph, Ont., Can. J. M. Buchanan Franklin, Tenn. E. B. Tyrrell. Secretary Detroit, Mich. Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. 230 Woodland Ave. J. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. N. E. France, Treas. Gen. Mgr., Plattville, Wis. F. Wilcox Mauston, Wis. tTational Branclies and Their Secretaries. Arizona Honey Exchange X. Michigan — Ira D. Bartlett G. M. Frizzell, Terape, Ariz. East Jordan, Mich. Adirondack — H. E. Gray.. Fort Edwards, N.Y. Ohio — Prof. N. E. Shaw, Dept. of Agr.... Colorado — Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. Columbus, Ohio Chicago-Northwestern- — L. C. Dadant.... Ontario — P. W. Hodgetts, Parliament Bldg., Hamilton, 111. Toronto, Ont., Can. Hampshire — Hampden — Franklin — Dr. Oregon — H. Wilson Corvallis, Ore. Burton N. Gates Amherst, Mass. Pecos Valley— Henry C. Barron Idaho — R. D. Bradshaw Notus, Ida. Hagerman, New Mexico Illinois— Jas. A. Stone. .. Rt. 4, Springfield, 111. Pennsylvania— H. C. Klinger, Liverpool, Pa. Iowa— C. L. Pmn-y Le Mars, Iowa -iwis Falls— C. H. Stimson. .Twin Falls, Ida. Indiana— Geo. W. Williams, Redkey, Ind. Tennessee— J. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn. Missouri — J. F. Diemer Liberty, Mo. Texas— Willis C. Collins, Box 154 Michigan— E. B. Tyrrell, 230 Woodland Goliad, Texas Ave., Detroit, Mich. \'ermont — P. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. Minnesota — C. E. Palmer, 1024 Miss. St.. Washington — J. B. Ramage St. Paul, Minn. Rt. 2, N. Yakima, Wash. New Jersey— E. G. Carr New Egypt, N. J. Wisconsin — Gus Dittmer Augusta, Wis. Pennsylvania State Meeting. Our Pennsylvania summer meeting will be held in Annville, Pa., Saturday, October 12th. A lively and interesting time expected. Every member and bee-keeper should attend. Sincerely, H. C. Klixger^ Secretary, Liverpool, Pa. State Convention of Michigan National Branch. The annual convention of the ^Michigan Branch, X. B. K. A., will be held at the State Agricultural College, East Lansing, Thurs- day and Friday, December 12th and 13th. ]^Iichigan always has a good convention, and this should be no exception. Full program later. National Convention at Cincinnati. The directors have finally decided to hold the next National convention in Cincinnati, Ohio, \\ ednesday and Thursday, February 12th and 13th. There will be a two-days' session, and according to present indications part of the sessions will be devoted to a regular program, the same as in the past, and part to the business which must be transacted by the delegates. All of the meetings will be open to the public, however, and while the business must be trans- acted by the delegates, all members will be welcome to attend those meetings. Full program later. 388 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW The Pecos Valley Branch Give Attention to Their State Fair. In addition to having their secretary, Henry C. Barron, as super- intendent of the bee and honey exhibit at the Pecos Valley Fair, this branch also has a committee to assist Mr. Barron. Where such interest as this is shown by the bee-men themselves, there is no question but what the proper concessions can be secured from the fair management. Brothers, go and do likewise. Buyers' Committee on Grading Rules. On the question of uniform grading rules for comb honey, the buyers will be represented by Fred W. Muth, of Cincinnati, as chair- man ; R. A. Burnett, of Chicago, and Hildreth and Segelken, of New York. These men are to take up the buyers' side of the question, to meet with a committee of producers to be appointed by Director Townsend, and to draft a set of rules to be adopted by the National at its meeting in Cincinnati next February. Pennsylvania Officers Act As National Branch Officers. At the head of this department you will be pleased to notice the addition of Pennsylvania as a National Branch. This association has not had an opportunity to take formal action, but has accepted the plan outlined by the National directors which gives the mem- bers of an association full National benefits where the officers will agree to act as branch officers until the next meeting of their asso- ciation, when the members can decide what they wish to do. We are especially glad to welcome this new branch, as Penn- sylvania has a large number of bee-keepers, many of whom are already members of the National, and the Pennsylvania Association is known as one of the live ones. Meeting of the Missouri Branch. At their annual meeting, August 1st, the Missouri Association took official action making it legally the Missouri Branch of the National. Before this time the officers were only acting as branch officers, and the action of the Missouri Association is an excellent approval of its officers' judgment. At their sessions they discussed the question of premiums offered by their State Fair Association, and found that they were below the average. Action was taken towards getting them in- creased. State Inspector M. E. Darby gave a report of his inspection work, and impressed his hearers with the impossibility of one man properly doing the work necessary to stamp out foul brood from the THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 389 state. An organized efifort will be made to get a larger appropria- tion for the work. Space will not permit us to print the full report sent in by Sec. J. F. Diemer. The convention adjourned at noon on the 2nd. The New Jersey Branch Holds a Summer Meeting. This was recently held at the Aliddlebourn apiary of Member C. H. Root, of Red Bank. At eleven o'clock Mr. Root welcomed the bee-keepers to his apiary in a few well chosen words. Response was made by President Cook. Dr. Cheney advanced the theory that if hives were made impervious to moisture by coating the inside with parafine, the moisture on the inside would run down the sides and out at the entrance, thus being conducive to better wintering. Deputy Bee Inspector Carr reported the inspection of 269 yards, 1,9'80 colonies, and found 59 colonies alTected with American foul brood and 331 with European foul brood. A discussion on the introduction of queens brought out the fact that the best time to introduce was five hours after de-queening, and if the entrance was deep enough the cage could be shoved under the frames with good results. The secretary, E. G. Carr, New Egypt, N. J., kindly furnished the Review with the above report. The Texas State Association Becomes a National Branch. Texas bee-keepers, at their last State Convention, voted to become a branch of the National Bee-Keepers' Association. This shows that the bee men of Texas are of the right progressive spirit, and it is with pleasure that we add their name to the list of National Branches. At the present time we have 25 National Branches. When we remember that all of these had to come in after the new constitution was adoped, really since the first of last January, and that at a time after most conventions had been held, it really shows a remarkable growth. The rank and file of bee-keepers are certainly taking- kindly to the new form of organization, and appreciate the efiforts the National is now making. The letters which come to my desk prove this. One local association, in a state that has not yet af^liated with the National, writes me that their delegate is in- structed to work at their next state convention for affiliation, and that if the state does not affiliate that the local association will take the matter in their own hands. This only goes to show which way the wind blows. A New Branch in Massachusetts. The Hampshire, Hampden, Franklin Bee-Keepers' Association has now become officiallv a branch of the National. This action 390 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW BEE KEEPER'S Fl ELD DAY A JOINT INSTITUTE OF THE SPENCER FARMERS aqd MECHANICS ASSOCIATION and Worcester County Bee Keepers Association Will Be Held At LUTHER HILL PARK, SPENCER SATURDAY. AUGUST 24 was taken at a re- cent meeting, and the secretary, Dr. Burton N. Gates, has sent me a list of the officers and members. The bee-men of jSIassachusetts are especially active in convention work, having arranged early in the season a meeting for every month of 1912. Not being satisfied with having just bee- keepers present they recently arranged a joint meeting and field day for farm- ers, mechanics and bee-keepers. Large posters were gotten out, 15 by 22 inches in size, like the illus- tration given here- with. This was done bv the Worcester , , „^.„,. ^ ^ „ „ ^ J. L BYARD. Pres. W C. B. K. A County Association, o. f. fuller, see. w. c. b. k. a which we hope to number as one of our National branches soon. The idea of getting the farmers and bee-keepers together appeals to me as a good one, and opens the way for successful meetings in localities where there are not enough bee- keepers to make a strictly bee convention possible. This is a good thing to try out in your locality. 11.00 A. M. to 5.00 P. M. SPEAKERS Dr. Burton N. Gates, State Inspector of Apia- ries of Massachusetts "Progress and Problems of Bee Inspection." Mr. Arthur C. Miller, State Inspector of Apia- ries of Rhode Island "Honey Production in New York State." other speakers will include President J. L. Byard. Vice-President F. M. Keith and Secretary O F. Fuller of the W. C B K. A. A large attendance of leading beekeepers is expected. Last year's meeting was attended oy over 200 from this and adjoining states. 2.00 p. m. 3.30 p. m. EVERYBODY INVITED BASKET LUNCH ARTHUR MUNROE. Pres. 8. F. & M. A. G. H. RAMER. Sec. S. F. & M. A. W. J. Heffeman. Leader Print, 16 Mechanic St., Spencer The Central Comb-Honey Packing Station. The Colorado comb honey grading rules will doubtless be the ones most nearly copied when the National Committee meets for drafting National rules. The making of four grades of comb honey increases the difficulty of grading to such an extent that the central grading station is going to be almost a necessity. It will require a trained man or woman to do the grading properly. An added ad- THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 391 vantage will be the uniformity of the different producers' goods when packed by one person. An association that will institute the central packing station idea can do away with the glass front case, and can pack comb honey in cartons, stamping the grade on the outside of the box. It is no more necessary to have a case of honey glassed than it is to have a box of apples with a glass side. There are probably from a half dozen to a score of places in each of the comb honey producing states where the packing stations could be established. Take the eity of Boulder as an example. There are seven honey producers within twelve miles of the city wdio have more than one hundred colonies. This year something over a car of comb honey will be produced and probably a car of extracted, if it was all brought to- gether. Let us take the car of comb honey. Have each producer bring in his comb honey in supers with the section separators removed, also all the bait combs. A room, preferably a store room with north windows, could be rented close to the railroad switch for $25 a month. Each producer has his name or number on each super and each has a place in the room separate from the others to pile his honey. The scraping and casing tables are to be placed at the front of the building, close to the windows, for light. Twenty-five dollars will construct tables and scraping apparatus for three or four scrap- ers, one grader and one man or boy to nail up the cases. The grader should be foreman. Three women scrapers can scrape one hundred cases a day, if they are good workers ; and when they get their hand in they can run up to fifty cases each. The boy nailing ship- ping cases cannot go beyond seventy-five or a hundred cases a day, and if he cannot nail cases as fast as needed another boy can be secured. The grader-packer should be able to grade and pack from a hundred to a hundred and fifty cases a day. The scrapers scrape everything and the grader sorts otit all culls. puts them back in the owner's supers, and they are disposed of by the owner himself. Twelve hundred and fifty cases for comb honey will cost about 3G cents each, or $200. 'We will allow two cents each for nailing up cases, or $25 for the 1250. I have had all my cases nailed together for one cent each, but we want to allow enough for all the work so that there will be no kickers after the central packing scheme is started. It will cost five cents a case to have the honey scraped and cleaned. AVomen and girls can earn from 75 cents to $2.50 a day at this work. The grading and packing is the important part, as the one who does this has to be in charge of the others. He should get five cents a case for the packing and superintending and can earn from $4.00 to $7.00 a day. And so we have $62.50 for {Continued o?i pao;e ^94-) 392 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW THE POOREST SECTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT IN THE GRADE NAMED ^'.^ •'■^•'^^'^''ifj FANCY NUMBER ONE NUMBER TWO HONEY QUOTATIONS Producers who had honey for sale undouDtedly found the market a trifle dull during September. This dullness is apt to cause the producer uneasiness, and the tendency is to shade prices under these circumstances. However, a little study will show the market in a normal condition. Jobbers who purchased heavily early in the season, naturally found the wholesale trade busy with the heavy movement of fruit and thus inclined to put oft:' the purchase of honey. Then in some cases at least the impression has gone forth that there is a heavy crop of honey for sale, and buyers are waiting for the downward price. A few who held over high priced honey from last year remember it, and are a little slow to buy. But when the demand for honey comes there is no reason why it should not move at the present prices, unless the producer gets scared and dumps his crop on the market at a reduced price. As stated in the quotations below, jobbers who purchased at a high price must hold at that price, and producers should not undersell, i look for a more active movement at unchanged prices during October. BOSTON — Fancy white comb honey, 16c to 17c. No. 1 white comb honey, 15c to 16c. Fancy white extracted honey. 10c to lie. Light amber extracted honey, 9c to 10c. Am- ber, 8c to 9c. Wax, 30c. BLAKE-LEE CO., 4 Chatham Row. KANSAS CITY, MO.— Receipts of both comb and extracted honey are still light. The demand for comb is good. We quote No. 1 •white comb 24 sec, $3.50; No. 2 white comb 24 sec, $3.25; No. 1 amber comb 24 sec, $3.25; No. 2 amber comb 24 sec, $3.00; ex- tracted white, per lb. 8 to Syic; extracted amber, per lb. 6 to 8c. Beeswax, per lb. 25 to 28c. C. C. CLEMONS PRODUCE CO. Sept. 18. of fancy extracted honey in 60-lb. cans, we are getting 8c to 10c a lb., while amber honey in barrels we are selling at 5J4c to 7c, according to the grade and quantity purchased. There is plenty of beeswax and the prices are much easier than they have been for some time. We are paying 28c a lb. delivered here, for choice, bright, yellow beeswax. THE FRED W. MUIH CO., "The Busy Bee Men" Sept. 18. 204 Walnut Street. CINCINNATI— The demand for both ex- tracted and comb honey is not up to expecta- tions lay far for this time of the year. Big buyers refuse to pay the prices we must ask, and we fear that it will be a case of a small business or lower prices, and owing to the high prices we have paid it will be impossible for us to lower our price. We are selling strictly fancy comb honey at 14c to lei^c a lb., according to the quantity and quality purchased; amber comb honey is not wanted at any price. What little is sold CHICAGO — During this month we have had very large sales of comb honey, the receipts having been taken freely, but now the stock is beginning to accumulate and the market is a little easier in tone. In fact, houses that are not in the habit of getting honey have been selling lower than quotations herein given. No. 1 to fancy comb honey sells at 17c to 18c per lb., with the off grades from Ic to 3c per II3. less. Extracted honey is in free supply with the white selling at 8c to 9c per lb., with some small lots of fancy clover and linden bringing 10c per lb. The quality of honey this sjason is bringing in duplicate orders. Bees- wax is steady at from 30c to 32c per lb., ac- cording to color and cleanliness. R. K. BURNETT & CO.. Sept. 19. 173 W. South Water St. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 393 CINCINNATI— The market on comb honey is quiet and there is not very much demand, this we owe to the hot weather for this time of the year and the large fruit crop. For No. 1 white comb honey in a wholesale way we are getting 155<2 cents per pound. There is no demand for off grade comb honey. The demand for extracted is fair, white sell- ing at 914 cents in 60-pound cans, light amber in 60-pound cans is selling at 8 cents. Bees- wax fair demand at $33.00 per hundred. The above are our selling prices not what we are paving. C. H. WEBER & CO., Sept. 17. 2146-47 Central Ave. For Sale. — 50 to 300 colonies, 8-frame, good condition. E. F. Atw.\ter, Meridian, Idaho. NEW YORK — Comb honey is now arriving right along with a fair demand for all grades at unchanged prices. The reason for buck- wheat being late this year there is none on the market yet to speak of. From the reports we are receiving from producers there will be a rather light crop; however the demand for buckwheat comb honey being limited we do not think that higher prices will rule than from 10c to l"2c per pound, according to qual- ity. Extracted is in fair demand for all grades at unchanged prices. Sept. 23. HILDRETH & SEGELKEN. O Classified Department. Notices will be i>iserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your advertisement in this department. BEES AND QTTEEZrS. Golden Itallan Queens, Nuclei, and full colonies. See price-list in May Review, page 197. Isaac F. Tillinghast, Factoryville, Pa. A Limited Number of Leather Colored Ital- ian Queens for Sale. Warranted purely mated, $1..50. Geo. B. Howe, Black River, N. Y. Front Line Italian Queens by return mail at 7.5c each, 6, $4.25; 12, $8.00; 25 and up, 60c each. J. B. Hollopeter, Pentz, Pa. For S.\le — 20 fine colonies of bees, supplies, and quantity of old bee magazines. Edwin EwELL, Litchfield, Mich. For Sale. — 150 swarms of bees in good shape. No disease. Mostly in 10-frame hives. A bargain if all are taken. S. A. Fuller, Helena, Ark. Golden Italian Queens — Untested, war- ranted $1.00 each; six for $4.50; twelve for $8.00. Good report^ wh°v» trier! for Black brood. J. B. Case, Port Orange, Fla. Golden Italian Queens that produce golden bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each $1, six $5; tested $2. J. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. Why Not Re-Queen your bees this fall? Our beautiful golden Italian queens will give you great pleasure, as well as profit. Only one dollar each, or nine dollars a dozen, un- tested. They are beauties. C. W. Phelps & Son, Binghamton, N. Y. For Sale. — About 150 colonies of bees. Root and Moore strain. Also 50 colonies dark hybrids. All in L hives. No disease. Will sell all or any part of them. Write for prices. Satisfaction or money back. Wilmer Cl.\rk, Box 397, Earlville, Mad. Co., N. Y. Carniolan Queens. — Bred from best im- ported stock. JNIany colonies can be manip- ulated without the use of smoke or veil. Un- tested, one for $.75, six for $4.25, twelve for $8.00. Tested, one for $1.00, six for $5.00, twelve for $10.00. William Kernan, Dushore, Pa., R. D. 2. Golden Queens. — Very gentle, very hardy, and great surplus gatherers. Untested, golden to tip queens, that should produce golden to tip workers, $1.00; select tested, $3.00; also nuclei and full colonies. Send for circular and price list to Geo. M. Steele, 30 S. 40th St., Phila- delphia, Penna. If you wish the best of untested three- banded Italian queens send us your orders — 75 cents each, $8.00 per dozen. Safe arrival and satisfaction. No order too small nor too large to receive our prompt attention. Thb Golden Rule Bee Co., Rt. 1, Box 103, River- side, Cal. HONE7 AND WAX. For Sale. — White clover comb and ex- tracted honey. Henry Hettel, Marine, 111. Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey, and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 W. S. Water St., Chicago. Wanted — Glassed comb and clover extract- ed honey and beeswax. John O. Buseman, 2828 Germantown Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Wanted. — White or very light amber ex- tracted or comb honey at once. O. N. B.\ld- wiN, Baxter Springs, Kans. We call on a large number of retail grocers each week, and can place your surpus honey. Write The New Idea Co., 545 Orange St., Newark, N. J. Honey For Sale — In 60-lb. cans, 2 in a case. White, Sc: Amber, lyic; Buckwheat, 7c, f. o. b. here. Sample, 10c. Robert Conn, Roaring Branch, Pa. For Sale — Finest quality white clover and basswood honey, blended in extractor. Put up in brand new 60-lb. cans, two cans per case, at 10c per lb. by case of two cans, or more, F. O. B. Flint. Cash with order. L. S. Griggs, 711 Avont St., Flint, Mich. 394 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. HiLDRETH & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. Fancy No. 1, white clover honey in i]4 x VA and 4x5 plain sections, in no-drip shipping cases holding 24 sections each. Per case or carrier of 8 cases at 15c per section. R. D. Gilbert, White Bear Lake, Minn. Extracted Honey of the finest quality — thick well ripened, flavor simply delicious. White clover and sweet clover blend. Price 9c per pound in bright new 60 lb. cans. Sam- ple free. J. P. Moore, Morgan, Ky. A VERY fine quality of white extracted honey for table use, in new 60-lb. tin cans. Raspberry or Basswood flavors. Say how much you can use and we will be pleased to quote our prices. Sample free for a 4c stamp to pay the postage. E. D. Townsend & Sons, North- star, Mich. nished on anything in cans; give quantity wanted. Large contracts enable us to make low prices. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rap- ids, Mich. Aluminum Hive Numbers (I'g-in. high) 2c each Fig. 50 or more l^c. Postpaid, inch brass nails. Henry Benke, Pleasantville Sta., N. Y. Watch for Dr. Chas. G. Schamu's adver- tisement in November issue. Sold out now. A new announcement then. Special Offers in Bee Literature, etc. Good locations for bees in new and unoccu- pied territory. Send for free circular. George W. York, Sandpoint, Idaho. For Sale. — A full line of bee-keepers' sup- plies; also Italian bees and honey a specialty. Write for catalog and particulars. The Penn Co., Penn, Miss. (Successor to J. M. Jenkins.) In Florida. — Root supplies. Save transpor- tation. Free catalog. G. F. Stanton, Buck- ingham, Fla. Bronzed Honey L.\bels. — 250, 50c; 500, 80c; 1,000, $1.10 P. P. Send 2c stamp for samples. Pearl Card Co., Clintonville, Ct. For Sale. — New 60-lb. cans, two in a case, lots of 10 cases, 60c each; 25 cases, 59c each. 50 cases 58c each, 100 cases 5rc each, F. O. B. factory in O. or 111. Quotations fur- xeajm estate. For Sale — One 20-acre farm and 130 swarms of bees in Wisconsin's best land and honey locality. Lewis Francisco, Mosinee, Wis. FOUI^TS-Sr. Pigeons! Pigeons!— Thousands in all leading varieties at lowest prices. Squab-breeding stock Dur specialty; 17 years' experience. Illustrated matter free. Providence Squab Co., Provi- dence, R. I. PROTECTION HIVE The best and lowest priced double wall hive on the market. This hive has % mate- rial in the outer wall, and is not cheaply constructed of H material as some other hives on the market. Packing or dead air spaced as you prefer. Remember winter is approach- ing. Get your bees into comfortable quarters before it is here. Send for a catalogue. /^. G. WOODMAN CO.. Grand Rapids. Mich. The Central Comb-Honey Packing Station. {Continued /row page jgi) .scraping a car of honey and $62.50 for grading- and packing. The total expense, including shipping cases, will be about $400 for a car of 1250 cases, or 32 cents a case. Do you not think that is cheap for having the work done right and the whole car graded uniformly in uniform cases by one grader? This estimate was made with glassed cases in mind, but with this method of grading and packing the glassed case has no advant- age. An all-wood case can be had for half the price. Packing boxes for two dozen cans of corn, tomatoes, etc., cost from eight to ten cents each. Why should honey cases cost more? The central packing station is going to come very soon, for it is needed badly.— W. F. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 395 Red Clover and Golden Queens at 50 300 tested Red Clover and Golden Queens at 50c each after Oct. 1. EVANSVILLE BEE & HONEY CO. Evansville, - . - - Ind. SECTIONS ^ We make a specialty of manufadturing Sedions. ^ Prompt shipments on all Bee-Keepers' supplies. CATALOGUE FREE AUG. LOTZ & CO. BOYD, WISCONSIN "Grig'g's Saves you Freiaflit." TOLEDO Is the best shipping center for your honey crop. We handle vast quantities of Comb and Extracted Honey Write us what you have: will buy any quantity if price is right, or will handle on a commission. Also want to correspond with shippers of Potatoes, Apples, and other Produce. S. J. GRIGGS & CO. 26 N. Erie St. QUEENS OF MOORE'S STRAIN OF ITALIANS PRODUCE WORKERS That -fill ttie supers quick With honey nice and thick. They have won a world-wide rep- utation for honey-gathering-, hard- iness gentleness, etc. Untested queens, ?1.00; six, $5.00; 12, $9.00. Select untested, $1.25; six, $6.00 12, $11.00. Safe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed. Circular free. J. P. MOORE Queen Breeder, Route 1, Morgan, Ky. WHITE SWEET CLOVER SEED We have been requested to furnish our members with white sweet clover seed, and we are just arranging with parties in Colorado to furnish us with what our members want. The need of getting this ssed from good reliable sources is apparent, and we are pleased to assure you that the parties who are furnishing it are absolutely reliable, and will furnish the best seed obtainable. Orders will be taken for not less than 10 pounds, at 15c per pound. Transportation charges will have to be paid by the purchaser. State how you want it shipped when sending in your order. THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSN. 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. THE CHAS. ISRAEL & BROS. SWARTHMORE APIARIES 488-490 Canal St,. New York Wholesale Dealers and Commission Merchants in Honey, BeesT»-ax, Maple Sugar nnd Syrup, Etc. Consignments solicited. Established 1875. The late E. L. Pratt's Celebrated Gentle GOLDEN ALL OVER QUEENS PEOIGREEO PENN G. SNYDER, State Apiary Inspector SWARTHMORE, PA. 396 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW "If goods are wantpri quick, send to Pouder." BEE SUPPLIES Standard hives with latest improvements. Danzen- baker Hives, Sections. Foundation. Extractors, Smokers, in fact everything used about the bees. My equipment, my stock of goods, the quality of my goods and my shipping facilities cannot be PAPER HONEY JARS (Sample Mailed Free) For extracted honey. Made of heavy paper and paraffine coated, with tight seal. Every honey producer will be interested. A descriptive circular free. Finest white clover honey on hand at all times. I buy beeswax. Catalog of supplies free. WALTER S. POUDER, Indianapolis.lnd. 859 Massachusetts Avenue. This is the only place in Indiana where you can get Lewis Beeware, Dadant's Foundation, Bingham Smokers, and Prompt Shipment. Indianapolis is the greatest inland railroad center in the world, both steam and interurban. This helps us to give better service in receiving and shipping to all points. Orders are shipped same day received and no order is too small to receive prompt attention. Wanted: Comb and Extracted Honey, Beeswax. Catalog free. The C. M. Scott Co, 1004 E. Wasliiugton St., INSIANAPOIiIS, INDIANA. SATISFACTORY RESULTS Will be obtained by using MANU- FACTURED COMB FOUNDATION, which embodies PURITY, TOUGH- NESS, TRANSPARENCY, COLOR and the PURE BEES WAX ODOR of the NATURAL COMB as made by the HONEY BEE. SUCH IS THE DITTMER PROCESS COMB FOUNDATION Send for Samples. All other Bee Keepers' Supplies at prices you will appreciate. We will be pleased to send you our 1912 Catalog, for the asking. Gus Dittmer Co. Augusta, Wisconsin. Make Your Own Hives Bee Keepers will save money by using our Foot Power SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford, Illinois. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 397 Learn Beekeeping from me Beginning "First Lessons in Beekeeping," and the ^4 AA American Bee Journal, one year, Both for Oniy^XaUU "First Lessons in Beekeeping" is a 190-page book telling all that the beginner need know. ... It has an attractive paper cover, and many illustrations. "Doolittle's Scientific Queen-rearing," and the ^-i AA American Bee Journal, one year, Both for Only $JL«Uv Doolittle's "Scientific Queen-rearing" book contains 126 pages, and is bound in leatherette with round corners. It tells in the clearest way possible just how the famous queen- breeder, Mr. G. M. Doolittle, rears the best of queen bees in perfect accord with Nature's way. As all know, Mr. Doolittle has spent some 40 years in rearing queens and pro- ducing honey. He has no superior as a queen-breeder. You can learn to rear fine queens by following his directions. The beginner will want "First Lessons;" the older beekeeper shoald have "Scientific Queen-rearing." You will not regret it if you send your $1.00 now and get either one of these books with the JOL^RXAL, as the JOURNAL itself is worth more than the total cost. AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, HAMILTON, ILLINOIS Raspberry Honey... Our crop of raspberry honey this year is very fine. It is the best in quality I ever saw. It was all left on the hives until it was all thoroughly sealed and ripened by the bees. It is thick, rich and delicious. It is put up in new 60 lb. tin cans. Price $6.00 per can. A large sized sample by mail for 10 cents. The 10 cents may be applied on any order sent for honey. ELMER HUTCHINSON, Pioneer, Mich. Golden Italian QUEENS That produce golden bees of the bright- est kind. Brother queen buyers, I have a strain of Goldens that cannot be beat- en in honey gathering, gentleness, pro- lificness and color. I know you have all seen the articles written against the Goldens, but I would like to send those who are trying to run down the Gold- ens a queen of my stock. I will guar- antee my stock to equal any breed of honey bees, and superior to many. Now if you want a good queen to breed from next season, send to me. I have untested at $1.00, tested $2.00, breed- ers, $5.00 to $10.00. To all who men- tion the "Review" I will deduct 25% off each queen. J. B. BROCKWELL Barnetts, Va. For Sale and Wanted, by Colorado Branch, N. B. K. A. 4,000 colonies bees for sale; 500 to 1,000 wanted. Comb and extracted honey for sale. Hundreds of queens and nuclei wanted next spring. Bee supplies for sale and wanted. Join the Colorado State Bee-Keepers' Association ($1.00) and ask for directory with above information detailed. WESLEY FOSTER, Secretary, Boulder, Colo. 398 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Honey for Sale The "National' Takes Its First Step in Bringing Buyer and Pro- ducer Together, at Not One Cent Cost to Either. Car Lots Handled as Well as Ton Lots. Honey From Clover, Basswood, Raspberry, Sage, Mes- quit, Buckwheat, Alfalfa — In Fact, From Every Source From Which the Bees Gather It. We Have Talked Enough. The Time For Action is at Hand. Read the Following Carefully: We have talked for a long time about the National doing something to help the producer get a better price for his honey. So far it has been mostly talk. But at the Directors' meeting last January it was decided to take such steps as were possible this year. I laid before the Directors a plan to establish selling agencies in several of the principal cities. That plan was approved by the Directors, but for certain reasons, which will be explained to the delegates next February, it was impossible to put the plan in operation this fall. But We Are Going to Sell Honey Just the Same. Honey crop reports have come to me from all over the United States and Canada. After giving them careful study I believe that good well- ripened clover and raspberry extracted honey, in 60-lb. cans, should bring the producer not less than 9 cents, f. o. b. his station. The same grade of comb honey, the best, should bring not less than 16 cents. Not being acquainted with western markets and western honey, I am unable to say how much it should bring, but western bee-keepers can form some opinion, after considering the prices given above. Buyers and Producers Should Write Me at Once. Every producer who has honey for sale should write me just as soon as he reads this notice. Don't wait until tomorrow, for I must know what you have at once if I am to help you sell it. Slend me a small sample if it is extracted honey. Whether it is comb or extracted, tell me all about your crop. I want to know how much you have for sale, how it is put up, how much you want for it — in fact, everything about it. Then I will put that information on a card, and that card will be filed so I can refer to it instantly. Now you mustn't stop then, but you must try just as hard to sell your honey as though I wasn't trying with you. If I can sell your honey it won't cost you a single penny for my trouble. Every honey buyer should write me his wants at once. Tell me just how much, what kind, and what price you expect to pay. In other words, make me an offer for what you want. Or, if you don't want to do that, tell me what you want anyway, and let me make you an offer. With the information I should have I ought to be able to place you in communi- THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 399 cation with the producer who has just what you desire, and who is the nearest to you, thus saving freight. Don't you see how this plan should work out to the mutual advantage of both buyer and seller? What I do won't cost you anything either. Did You Think We Were After You, Mr. Buyer? Not if you are an honest buyer, willing to pay the market price for what the producer has. But if you are one of those fellows who wants to "skin" the producer, then we are after you, and we'll get you too. What we are trying to do is to bring buyer and producer closer together. We don't want you to pay more than the market price, and we don't want some uninformed producer to sell to your competitor at less than you have to pay. Neither do we want producers selling at retail at whole- sale prices. But so long as this selling business is run each man for bimself, just so long will those conditions exist. How much easier for you to write me just what you want, and let me tell you the name of the producer who has it. Will you do it? This Will Be Done Absolutely Free to You. In order that this transaction may be entirely free from the suspicion of "graft," I am going to conduct it so I couldn't get a "rake off" if I wanted to. Buyer and seller will be placed in direct communication with each other, and will close the deal direct. Mr. Buyer writes me that he wants so many tons of such and such honey. Referring to my cards I find that Mr. Producer has exactly what he wants for sale. The proper infor- mation is given and my part of the transaction is done. If the buyer has no rating, honey should either be paid for before shipping, or shipped sight draft attached to bill of lading. Your bank will explain fully. Or if the buyer does not wish to send cash direct to the producer, he can send it to me to be held until honey has been received and found to be just as pro- ducer represented it to be. What I Can Offer Now. I have at the prt?ent time about 40 lots of honey for sale. These in- clude both comh and extracted, located in Illinois. Wisconsin, New York. Wyoming, Idaho. Washington. Iowa. Minnesota, Missouri. Indiana. Arizona, Nev»r Hampshire and Michigan. Most of this is in small lots, but have a few cars of both comb and extracted. Would like to hear from buyers who can use a car of alfalfa and sweet clover honey, either extracted or comb. Several sales have been made since the September number was issued. Am hearing from both producers and buyers. If you have honey for sale, or want to buy honey, it will pay you to write me the same day you read this. Yours truly. E. B. TYRRELL, 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. Secretary N. B. K. A., 400 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW This Can for 20 cK in Crates of 50. F.O.B. Detroit. NOTE THE INNER SEAL For this same can, packed two in a box, the price is 60c per box. Note the paneled sides, the inner seal, and remember the tin is heavy. Size of can, 9% square by 13^8 inches high, with 1 % inch cork lined, inner seal, screw cap. TliisPail for 6y4 cts.,in Crates of 100. F.O.B. Detroit A friction top pail. Put in the honey, push down the cover, and you have no leakage. Size of pail, 6^-3 inches in diameter by 7 inches high. Holds 10 lbs. Honey Write for descriptive circular giving full particulars, prices, and freight rates, to Tlie National Bee-Keepers' Association 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. ^. Lower Prices on Glass Packages. I have been forced to change my arrangements regarding glass pack- ages. The Company we have been dealing with refused to fill our small orders. Claimed they couldn't afford to bother with them. Took the big orders all right but didn't want the small ones. So 'Tyrrell and I" sat down and talked it over. Concluded the little bee-man had just as good right to low prices as the big one. Then I got busy and the result is That I have found another place to get our glass packages at a lower price than I got before. Yes, the quality is all right. Just as good as the others. In fact if I hadn't told you you wouldn't know but they were the same packages, except in the case of No. 53. The shape of this is different, but you will be pleased with it I am sure. Here are the new prices. Send in your orders. No. 50 Jar holds one pound of honey. Has tin screw cap. Packed in corrugated paper cases holding 2 dozen each, $3.60 per gross. Packed in crates, $3.10 per gross. No. 51 Jar holds % of a pound of honey. Has tin screw cap. Packed in corrugated paper cases holding 2 dozen each, $3.50 per gross. Packed in crates, $3.00 per gross. No. 52 Jellie holds half pound of honey. Tin cap. Packed iia corru- gated paper cases holding 2 dozen each. $2.40 per gross. Packed in barrels holding 25 dozen each, barrel included, at $3.75 per barrel. No. 53 Queen Jellie holds half pound honey. Tin cap. A little differ- ent shape from illustration, but will please you. Packed in corrugated paper cases holding 4 dozen each at $2.40 per gross. Packed in barrels holding 25 dozen each, barrel included, at $3.75 per barrel. These prices f. o. b. Columbus, Ohio. To save freight no order should be sent in for less than one gross. Be sure and send in your orders in plenty of time, sending cash with order. These prices for members and subscribers only. The National Bee-Keepers* Association E. B. TYRRELL, Secretary, 230 Woodland Ave., DETROIT, MICH. J ROOT'S BEEKEEPERS SUPPLIES You may have a catalog of supplies; but if you haven't ours for 1912 you have missed something really worth while, and should get one at once. It is the largest and most complete ever published — more than a mere price list of supplies — a book that every beekeeper can read with pleasure and profit. Beginners will find answers to many perplexing questions, and ad- vanced beekeepers timely suggestions that will save them money. Old customers are writing us frequently letters like the following: Your catalog for 1912, designated ROOT'S BEEKEEPERS' SUPPLIES, is received, and I certainly thank you for this book. I have had your catalog on my desk for years, and have used Root's supplies all along. I note the enlargement and improve- ment in your new catalog, and notice many things I expect to add to my apiary. Crystal City, Texas. C. W. Cox. Our catalog this season also gives a full and complete list of books and booklets which we can supply. Many of these booklets are free, which doesn't mean that they are not worth read- ing, but simply that we want you to be informed on the subjects of which they treat. Send for a catalog, and check those in which you are interested. Quick Deliveries Next to having the best goods made, there is nothing so important to the beekeeper in the busy season as to have goods delivered just when they are wanted most. It isn't always possible to ship goods from a distant factory and have them reach destination within a day or two. as is sometimes necessary during the height of the season, but with distributing-houses located in the large shipping-centers we are able to supply beekeepers everywhere, with no loss of time and with minimum transportation charges. Send Your Hurry Orders to any one of the offices listed below, and let us show you what we can do for you in point of service. Cars are going to these branches at the rate of two or three a week, so the stocks arc new and fresh, and we usually have just what you want. If it isn't in stock at your nearest branch our manager will include your order with his specifications and you may have your goods come in the next car, thereby saving on transportation charges and getting the. goods in better shape than you would by local freight. Whatever Your Wants we can supply you, and, of coarse, there is no question about the quality of our goods. The name "ROOT" in connection with bee-supplies means the best of every thing in this line, and the best is always the cheapest, as our customers will testify. If you have never used our supplies you should make a trial of them this season. Once used, we are sure you will want no other. I have just received my goods, order No. 10,739. I. am more than pleased with them. I had intended to make my hives, but when I received the sample hive and saw the No. 1 pine lumber from which it was made, and considering the workmanship, I am satisfied I can buy cheaper than " can make them; enough cheaper to save the price of the lumber. O. C. Mills, Barton Ldg., Vt. BRANCH OFFICES New York, 139-141 Franklin St. Cliicag-o, 213-231 Institute Place Pliiladelphia, 8-10 Tine St. Des Moines, 565 W. Seventh St. St. Faul, 1024 Mississippi St. Syracuse, 1631 Genesee St. Wasliing'ton, 1100 Maryland Ave. S-W. Mechanic Falls, Maine Distributingf Depots in Mar.y Large Centers The A. I. Root Company Executive Offices and Factory MEDINA, OHIO S^j 5 »Y CO.. PniNTCRS. DETROIT . MICI- V_^ PiihlistiofI Mnnttilit Published Mont% NOV. 1912 'V ▼ ▼ DETROIT MICHIGAN ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR Going to buy a Motor Car ? Then you want to know about the Cartercar— First of all bear in mind that the Cartercar is not a gear car ! It has no gears and none of the gear drawbacks. The usual complicated gear trans- mission is replaced by the patentei- Friction Transmission. This ha? only two unit parts — making tho Cartercar far more reliable and eas- ier to drive. And besides, the Cartercar will easily climb a 50% grade with a fuL load. It will also run thru mud and sand where other cars are helpless. The reason is simple — because there is no waste power — no weakening of the drive through ten or twelve in- tricate gears. And you have an unlimited number of speeds, from nothing up to about forty or fifty miles per hour. Com- pare this with the three forward and one reverse of the gear ma- chine. Then, with the three independent systems of brakes, the Cartercar is safe at all times for ladies and j'oung or old people to drive. The very simple construction and easy control make the Cartercar delight- ful for everyone to drive. And this Friction Transmission prevents jerks and jars. Think what this means to the occupants of the car — and also what it will mean on your tire bills. Some Car- torcar owners say the tire cost is about half what other cars require. Here are facts that deserve you.* serious consideration. If they arc true then you cannot afford to owm any other car — and we will just be delighted to prove every word. Write for catalog and address of nearest agent. Cartercar Company Pontiac, Michigan BRANCHES: NEW VORK, CHICAGO, DETROIT, KANSAS CITY. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 401 Perfect Rendering of Wax From Old Comb and Cappings has always been a serious stumbling block for the bee-keeper. We have overcome this obstacle by installing a mighty Hydraulic Press, which extracts every particle of wax from the slumgum. Our charge for rendering is 5c a lb., and we pay you the highest market price, remitting the day after rendering. Our process — extracting all the wax — more than pays the charges, and leaves you a greater profit than you expected, besides relieving you of that messy and unsatisfactory job of rendering. Barrel up your old comb and cappings and let us surprise you, as we have the many who have already shipped theirs. We need great quantities of Comb and Extracted Honey. Write us. The FRED W. MUTH CO. " The Busy Bee Men " 204 Walnut St. CINCINNATI, O. We have arranged to furnish our members with white sweet clover seed which can be guaranteed absolutely fresh and clean. You will be certain of buying seed that will grow if you get it from us. At the present time we are furnishing the unhulled seed only. This is exactly as good for seeding purposes but is a little more bulky than the hulled. To members and subscribers the following prices will hold until further notice: By express f. o. b. Boulder, Colorado, 10 lbs., $1.25; 25 lbs., $3.10; 50 or more lbs., lie per lb. All orders must be sent to this office, accompanied by the cash. The National Bee-Keepers* Association, 230 Woodland Ave., DETROIT, MICHIGAN 402 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW »1> t.? f? - »--"^ 1'. '■'" :;i>^-«> <3 »^ E -2 « - — 2| SO O -" CQ W (established 1888) OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION Office OF Pu BLicATiON - - - 230 Woodlan d Aven u e VOL. XXV. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, NOVEMBER 1, 1912. No. 11. Our Product. Oliver Foster. Of all the rich foods the market presents, Concoctions and compounds that man can invent; The pure liquid fragrance of flowers give me, As gathered and stored in the hive by the bee. Dame Nature's own product, all ready for use, The sweetest her finest of arts can produce. No vile human expert, whatever his skill, Can copy those combs the bees daintily fill. A prize to the epicure, yet within reach Of humblest of households with plenty for each. The kids with sore throat almost welcome a cold For honey's the surest of remedies sold. A land where the milk and the honey should flow, Was God's chosen slogan. His bounties to show. The fare of the gods as some ancients believed ; As gifts from the lowly, by kings well received. The cow and the bee ! "Milk and honey" for me ! Or honey with butter or cream — or all three. To spread on our bread or hot biscuits or rolls, Or pancakes or waffles, to fill up the holes. Those rich, luscious oozings from crumpling white comb, Those wabbling curlies from under the dome Of the honey jug, or from silvery spoon! Oh, how my mouth waters! — Is dinner time soon? 404 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Buying Bees South. G. W. BULLAMORE, F. R. M. S. ON page 66 of the Review the Editor calls attention to the buying of bees in the south to move north in the spring, and says the field is practically unexplored. The plan looks all right, but in actual practice when bees are bought from all sorts of places and then assembled in one apiary the result is likely to be an undesirable one. In the south of England many bees are kept on the old-fash- ioned plan. They are domiciled in dome-shaped hives of straw (skeps) and are worked for swarms. At the end of the season certain skeps are retained for stock and the remainder are "con- demned." Formerly these bees were sulphured^ but for many years it has been usual for dealers to visit the cottagers and drive the bees. The skep is inverted and by drumming its sides the bees are induced to forsake the combs and to take refuge in an empty skep placed above. These driven bees are sent to the north of England and to Scotland, where they arrive in tirae to assist at the gathering of the harvest from the heather. The investigations which have been made as to the cause and progress of the Isle of Wight disease show that driven bees have been the means of introducing disease to an apiary and effecting its ruin. Affected bees during a fine season will act normally and will store surplus. Such stocks usually die after they are packed down for the winter. In one case which came under notice nine skeps were driven and the bees were despatched to various parts of the country. Their subsequent history is unknown. The six skeps of bees which were reserved for stock were all found dead during the winter. I think that much loss has been occasioned through the non- recognition of chronic diseases in the adult bee, and the general acceptance of the view that foul brood combs only are dangerous to use again. The consequence is that an organism such as nosema (believed to be the parasite responsible for Isle of Wight disease) spreads until it is to be found in every bee-keeping country. The affected bees, with careful nursing and ideal conditions, will live long enough to infect the other stocks and it is only when wet weather and other factors come into play that heavy losses occur. In man we know that an apparently healthy individual may carry a deadly disease to a community and the possibility that a similar phenomenon may occur among stock of bees should put us on our guard against indiscriminate buying and mixing of col- onies. In stocks which are a success from the standpoint of the bee-keeper an equilibrium has been established between the bee and THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 405 the minute forms of life which accompany it. To maintain this equilibrium should be the object of the bee-keeper who wishes to avoid heavy losses, and if I were a northern honey producer, and endeavoring to carry out the editor's suggestion, I think I would buy all colonies from one southern breeder and would engage him to raise more for me the following spring. Albury, Kerts, England. ■[One of the points in favor of shipping bees without combs has been the belief that in this way the danger of carrying disease would be eliminated. But Mr. Bullamore says that the Isle of Wight disease has been scattered badly in that very way. If, as mentioned in these columns previously, the Isle of Wight disease has any connection with what we know as paralysis, then we are not entirely safe in shipping bees even without combs. Can any one throw any further light on this question.] A Comb Honey Problem. BY H. TRICKEY. ' "Jl ^ your issue of April, 1912, page 129, appears an article by Jjl Fred W. i\Iuth relating to the production of comb honey, stat- ing what he would do were he raising comb honey to ship. As to supplies recommended it is all right, but if he will tell us how he would have the bees store only fancy and number one honey, the bee-keepers will vote three times three rousing cheers as well as the honor of imparting some information long sought for, but not found as yet. The bee-keepers, especially of the irrigated sections of the Ignited States, find that the honey that the bees wnll store in the sections that will not pass as fancy and number one, is of too large quantities to be disposed of on the home market. Some of this honey has to be shipped to other markets and returns are very often unsatisfactory. If Mr. Muth would have his heart gladdened as well as the bee-keepers', he will tell them how to manage the bees so that they will only store fancy and No. 1 honey. A rushing big crop is necessary to get the bees to do anything near what Mr. ]^Iuth would have. I have been keeping bees for something like twenty-five years and shipped honey by carloads, and as yet I can't get the bees to do as I would like, but only as suits them. [I have just finished grading my first hundred cases of comb honey (1912^) crop. The Colorado rules are the ones used and here is the way it is casing out : 5 are culls; 35 are No. 2; 50 are Choice; 9 are No. 1 and one is Fancy. Mr. Muth would have a difficult time in finding a location where only Fancy and No. 1 honey could be produced. He would buy only 10% of our crop this year if he confined his purchase to the two highest grades. Here is one of the greatest charges against the rules with three or four grades — the buyers want only the one or two best grades, leaving the producers 406 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW the lower giades to hold for later sale. Where this is done, especially with western honey, it granulates before reaching the market and is a loss or partial loss to the producer and buyer. A number of western bee men have charged that the Colorado rules discrim- inate against the producer in favor of the dealer. A full and free discussion of all the points should be indulged in before National rules are adopted. There are seasons when it is impossible to have half of one's crop weigh 22^'2 lbs. net as Mr. Muth suggests, using the -i^-ixiyiKlZs in. section and full separators. Mr. Trickey states his case rather strongly when he says that bees do as suits them and not according to the wishes of the bee-keeper. The bee-keeper can control the kind of honey production pretty largelj', but not so completely as to produce all Fancy and No. 1 comb honey by a long way. Mr. Trickey's letter was sent to Mr. Muth, Vv'ho returned it with the characteristic remark that he had nothing further to say on the subject and would "pass it on to Sweeney." I have accepted the position of "Sweeney." — W. F.] First Lesson in Mendelism. DR. A. F. BONNEY. -V ^/% HILE working on an exhaustive article, which may take Ctf^ some months, I offer the first result of my studies in Alen- delism in connection with the honey-bee, hoping that some one wiser than myself will take up the matter and fill in the great gaps I leave. Prof. A. D. Darbishire in his work entitled, "Breeding and the Mendelian Discovery," gives the following diagram, only he uses drawings of plants where I use the letters T and D : Tall Dwarf by hand. 1st. generation. Hybrids. Self-yertlli%ed yields 2nd. generation. These three T'a and. one D in turn yield /A\ /As /^ /f^r, TTTT TTTt) TTTD DDDD THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 407 And these ten Ts and six Ds in turn will always breed true. This constituted Mendel's discovery. Recosfnizine: that this is a law as firmlv established as is the law of the attraction of gravitation, and that according to the best authorities it applies to the brute creation as w^ell as plants, and to the human in some respects, as in the color of the eyes, I wondered if it would not apply as well to the bees, or to the Hymenoptera which showed parthenogenesis, and I drew the following diagram: TtaHan Bees Black Ist generation Hy"brid ^ueen Pure Italian Drones. Hybrid Queen to Pure Italian Drone. 2nd generation, -J Blood I. f Italian i^tieen to Pure Italian Drone. 3rd generation, 14/ie Blood Italian. 14/16 Blood Italian Queen to Pure Italian Drone 4th generation. Black blood practically extinguished. To those, now, who understand parthenogenesis, and everv bee-keeper should, it will be plain that crossing a hybrid drone to a hybrid queen the mongrel strain can be kept up indefinitely, or if the Black queen be used instead of the Italian, the Black will in four generations extinguish the Italian, so that no matter in what light we look at it Mendelism will not apply to the parthenegenetic insects, according to all information now available. There may be something discovered, but I am now more firmly convinced than ever that all progress in the development of the bee family ceased untold ages ago. As Prof. Cockrill says, "The bee is the last word in development."' We do not know the origin of the honey-bee. It may have been the Caucasian, as someone guesses, but it is just 408 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW as apt to have been a mutation long ages before the end of develop- ment came. Subsequent changes might have been made by environ- ments, thus establishing the few races of honey-bees we have. So many good men have scolded me for expressing doubts as to the possibility of improving the bee that I am almost afraid to write, but I will state that I am just as anxious to know how to do it as anyone can well be, but up to the present time no one has come to show me. Assertions there are in abundance, guesses un- limited, sarcasm to spare, but the best I have yet had ofifered me is that a queen offered will transmit her good qualities if mated to equally good drones. That is, if I buy a fine queen and she is not ruined in the mails, I must have a yard-full of bees equally as good to get drones to mate to her. The average man working for honey cannot do this, surrounded as he is by bees of all kinds, small yards from which drones fly in clouds. When such men as Mr. Pryal, Beyer, York, James G. Smith, T. L. Strong, and others, lean my way, I am encouraged to per- severe in my search for a way to really and truly improve the honey-bee. Mr. Strong, a queen breeder of Clarinda, Iowa, says: "I do not think queen breeders would be justified in guaran- teeing the honey-gathering qualities of the queens sent out. We can breed from the best honey-gathering strains, and that is about all we can do." Mr. J. A. Simmons, a queen breeder of Sabinal, Texas, writes: "Replying to your letter of the 5th I will say, by long exper- ience of queen selection, that a queen reared from prolific queen's eggs that has a large force of bees that have proven their honey- storing qualities, and this queen reared under favorable conditions, will retain surplus storing propensities, also other good qualities the mother may have had. From your letter I infer that you have just started in the business, and would advise that you purchase 'Langstroth on the Honey Bee.' * * ""' I wonder how he found out I don't know anything. Almost every reply I have received from queen breeders is tainted with commercialism, just as mine would probably be were I a queen breeder. Almost every man who is working for honey hesitates to say that the Italian bee stores more today than when they first knew it, or that queen breeders are justified in claiming that queens they send out will inherit the good traits of the mother, insofar as surplus storing is concerned. Even Mr. R. F. Holterman says : "1 have heard that breeders can give assurance or at least feel themselves assured, that their queens would inherit excessive surplus gathering characteristics. A man wrote me regarding a certain kind THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 409 A Corner of Dr. Bonney s Apiary Housed in Woodman Protection Hives of queen, saying he would pay SKiO for such. I replied that I would not give that price for any queen until I had had lier for one or two years.'' Mr. Wesley Foster tells me in a recent letter: "Unless exhaustive experiments are conducted with bees as did Mendel with sweet peas. I do not think we can better the situation any by voicing our opinions — and here I am voicing mine. I believe that good will come from selection and purity of mating among bees. In fact, something has already been accomplished. Because the proposition is a difficult one on account of the difficulty of getting queens mated to hand-picked drones, should not cause the throwing of cold water on the whole matter. It should si)ur us on to renewed efforts." Funny how so many want to scold me for having an opinion of my own. Joking aside, however, note how careful these bright lights in beedom are in expressing their opinions, and how eager queen breeders are to assure me that their queen's progeny will inherit the good qualities of the mother queens. In conclusion, and to show some of the funny thines I receive in the mail, I quote from the letter of a queen breeder, and said letter goes with this article to the editor "as evidence of good faith" : ''I have here in my yard some seven races of bees in sixtv hives, and I found last fall goldens forging ahead in storing honey." And this from a man who has. he claims, been rearing queens for twentv vears ! 410 THE BEE-KEEPERS REVIEW Can we develop a race of bees which will be great honey gatherers? I shall keep on trying to find out. Buck Grove, Iowa. A Little Story of Success With Bees. BY F. ALDERMAN. ^-«J| COMMENCED to keep bees in the fall of 1874, and I have ^ always kept from one to a hundred colonies. My first colony of bees was taken from the woods, and from a very tall tree, the top being cut ofif and lowered to the ground with ropes. In the spring of '75 I moved them from the tree top to a movable frame hiye and increased them during that summer to four fine colonies. In the spring of '76 I still found myself with four good strong colonies, and during the summer they were increased to nine, and from that year on to the present one I have found myself with a hundred colonies during most of the time. Last season was a hard one on bees, and I found myself this present spring with only 16 good colonies. I now have them back to 40 and all in good condition for winter. Have taken 500 lbs. of choice comb honey, and it is all sold and gone. I think I'll still have four or five hundred pounds to come ofif yet this fall. I. like all other bee-keepers, have had my ups and downs, but F. Alderman's Apiary. Evidently the Bees HavejTreed the Boy. THE BEE-KEEPRRS' REVIEW 411 The Pleasant Home of F. Alderman, Kushton, Mich. I have now passed through the experimental stage and don't borrow any trouble, even when foul brood is still in our neighborhood. Rushton, Alich. Just Before Winter. Apiary of F. Alderman, Rushton, Mich. 412 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW What a Car Load Grader Thinks of the Grading Rules. EDWARD G. BROWN, Secretary Western Honey Producers. ^^\ Y all means try to adopt a set of uniform grading rules. In 1^ regard to the picture grading rules, I heartily agree with a number of the writers that a section as light as the one pic- tured as Xo. 2 has no place on the comb hone}^ market, as it will not ship, -s too light to pay to crate or to pay the dealer to handle, and too expensive for the consumer, and serves, only one purpose, and that to dissatisfy the trade, both dealer ond consumer, and to hold down the price of the honest grades. . Selling comb honey is, to a certain extent, the selling of good looks, and for that reason only the best should be tolerated among the market grades, and the cull line should be drawn at about the 11 and 12-oz. sections, and at least three-fourths the side surface attached to the wood. \Mien the stand- ard of the market grades is raised it will be much eas- ier to raise and maintain the stand- ard of price. AA' hen a retail dealer sells comb honey it is invar- iabl}- sold by the piece, and while A is selling 16-oz. sec- tions at ?0c. B is selling S-oz. s e c- tions at I'^yic to 15c, and a large number of consum- ers call A h i g h priced and force him to compete with an unjustified competition, Avhicli requires consider- able explanation on his part to over- Gilu Legislative Hall where the Japanese Bee-Keepers Met April 23. COme. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 413 Souvenir Picture of the Second Annual Meeting of the Japanese Bee-Keepers' Association. My plan of grading, which has always brought satisfied cus- tomers, has been to use an Ideal Postal Scale, and as they were cleaned the}- were weighed. All sections weighing 15 ounces or over were placed on one table, 13 ozs. or over on another. 11 ozs. or Evening Party of Japanese Bee-Keepers, April 23. 414 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW over on another. Then when I commenced casing, 1 began at the first table and packed in cases marked 15 and 16-oz. Fancy, 15 and 16-oz. Xo. 1, 15 and 16-oz. No. 2, and after finishing that table I went to the second and packed 13 and 14-oz. Fancy, 13 and 11-oz. Xo. 1 and 13 and l-l-oz. Xo. 2, then to the third table and packed 11 and 12-oz Xo. 1, 11 and 13-oz. Xo. 2. Fancy had to be capped to the wood and free from travel stain and attached to all four sides. No. 1 Fancy attached to all four sides, well capped except out- side row of cells and very little travel stain. Xo. 2 at least three-fourths the side surface attached and well capped, except the outside row of cells. I have had personal charge of the grading and wholesaling of several cars of honey graded in this way, and have never had a dissatisfied customer from honey thus graded. Sioux City, Iowa. [It is a great deal of satisfaction to me to see this interest in the establish- ment of a set of uniform grading rules. I firmly believe that something definite will come of it at the National Convention next February. If we can get them it will be worth a year's work of the Association, and personally I am willing to push whatever rules may be adopted, even though they may need some revision later.] Is the Langstroth the Best Frame? CH. NOEL EDDOWES. '^^^ ATELY, in your journal and in Gleanings, my attention has jl ■ been drawn to a discussion on the merits of the Langstroth frame and the 16"xl0" frame. As I am the only Eddowes who has kept bees on bar-frames in the Argentine, I conclude that I am the man referred to on page 153 of your number for April, 1912. It has appeared to me strange that I have not heard of the IG^'xlO'" frame having been tried in the U. S. A., especially, as in my experience it has decided advantages over the Langstroth, and I can only account for it not having been tried by the inherent con- servatism of bee-keepers. I must explain that my experience has been gained in districts of the Argentine where one or two degrees of frost happens only once or twice in the year, and in Jamaica where it does not freeze at all. As there are many districts in the states like those in which I have worked, my experience may be of interest to my brother bee-keepers. I will give you an account of the results in one of my yards this year, where I have an equal number of Langstroth and 16"xlO" frarhes. All the hives have 10 frames in the brood nest, all were THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 415 re-queened from the same breeder and otherwise treated alike. The season has been the poorest on record. The greatest yield and the poorest yield from a single colony of the two types of hives were as follows: The "l6"xl0"— highest, 81 lbs., lowest, 4:2 lbs.; Langstroth— highest, 56 lbs. ; lowest, 36 lbs. This bears out my experience in the Argentine. Now the question is: "What is the cause of this difference?" Here I must challenge a "Stray Straw" in Gleanings, by that veteran bee-keeper. Dr. C. C. Miller. He has given the outside areas of the frames correctly, but do the bees measure up in that way? It is not the practice of the bees to build to within about ^" of the bot- ton bar only, and in this is probably part of the explanation. In the case of the 16"xlO"' frame there is an effective comb area of 130.37 square inches, whereas the Langstroth, on account of its extra length, gives only 1.27.50 square inches of comb area. This gives 28.70 square inches more comb in a ten frame hive. This in itself would hardly account for the difference. It is probably to be found in the distribution of the comb-space. I noticed in the Argentine that w^hen bees were kept in box hives of greater cap- acity than the ordinary skep, or box hive, which only give sufficient room for an ordinary sized brood nest, and they were able to arrange their brood and stores to their own satisfaction, the proportion of length to depth of the brood nest was almost invariably in the pro- portion of 8:5, or, what is the same thing, 16:10, consequently as the bees extend the brood nest in the 16'''xlO''' they can maintain these proportions till the hive is filled, whereas the Langstroth restricts them as to depth, necessitating more bees in proportion to amount of brood, there being a greater length at the bottom exposed to the cold. Some may say that the Jumbo has the same proportions as the 16"xlO", but the fact should not be lost sight of that the length and depth of the Jumbo is not in proportion to the width of the brood- nest unless 12 frames are used, which few queens, if any. can fill. "Selva," Halfway Tree, Jamaica, B. W. I. [It would require quite extensive experiments to prove conclusively that there is as much advantage in the 16x10 frame as Mr. Eddowes gives in his returns from colonies in these and the Langstroth frames. His frames have an advantage of 17 pounds per colony average over the Langstroth which if it should be the rule would warrant a change. Experiments along this line are the prov- ince of our Experiment stations and not for the bee-keeper who has to make a living producing honey. The Langstroth is the most workable hive for the business bee-keeper, and will be the standard for a good many years, unless the facts alleged by Mr. Eddowes are found to hold true throughout all American bee-keeping conditions. — W. F.] Make your Plans to Attend the Cincinnati National Convention February 12th and 13th, 1913. 416 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Books Necessary in Record Keeping. LEO ELLIS GATELEY. '^^^K BOUT semi-annually, there may appear in some of the bee ^-^"X journals a brief article urging the importance for some system of accounting or record-keeping of colonies. Un- fortunately, however, these are, as a rule, more intended to arouse general interest upon the subject than to outline any formulated plan or superior method. If an improved method is given, the chances are that its supposed superiority will be based chiefly upon the doubtful grounds of ease and rapidity, with an utter disregard for the more essential feature, ef^ciency, and running generally all the way from a small note-book down to a tag, stick or stone. Is this an improvement? Or, would it not be better and more profit- able to devote considerably more time and patience to an accurate and more comprehensive system that covers fully every detail? We have found that it does. SOME SVSTEMS OF RECORD ASSUME GIGANTIC PROPORTIONS. In our efiforts to keep a complete record of all that transpired in the apiary, we for many years struggled through oceans of marks, signs and ponderous volumes of bookkeeping, testing about all of the various schemes in existence. This work would, in fact, often assume gigantic proportions, that it would seemingly overshadow all other duties. No doubt there are others now making the same mistake. When unimportant details keep one until late at night and the big things get put off till some future time, there is something ivrofig with the system of oceounts. Again, it is not always neglect that delays and tangles balances and reports. The fault often lies in the systern itself; the complicated, cumbersome, inadequate method, spread over too many pages and opening up innumerable loopholes for misjudgment and mistakes. At present this labor has in our apiaries been brought down to a dream of ease and simplicity, yet covering absolutely every detail of work, profit and expense. INSTEAD OF ONE BUIiKY VOI.UME, SEVERAI. SMAIiIi SIZED BOOKS ARE KEPT. Instead of one bulky volume, into which it was once our custom to enter long notes in regard to our operations, we now keep a complete set of several medium-sized books, bearing such titles as: "Day Book," "Weekly Queen-Rearing," "Monthly Bought and Sold," "Annual Colony Record," etc. The pages of these are ruled ofif and the separate spaces headed according to the character of the THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 417 record being kept. The ''Annual Colony Record" will, for instance, be at the top of each page headed something like this: Date; No. of Colony; Kind of Hive; Queen — age; Supers — given, removed; Honey — lbs. ; Feed — cost ; Variety of Bee ; Gentleness ; Swarming — supersedure ; Capping; Rating; Colonies on Hand, etc. With such books it requires but a momnet to enter permanently the full details of any operation or transaction and one can, for all years to come, satisfy themselves as to what each colony has done, or is doing. If the intention is to breed only from selected stock, it becomes at once imperatively necessary that, as well as one of the progress of hatching cells, etc., some definite record of the yield and other characteristics of individual colonies be carefuly kept. Otherwise there will remain no practical means of determining which to select. Moreover, it is no less necessary that this record be kept in book form, as one summer is entirely insufficient to prove the true worth of any queen. Germania Apiaries, Germania, Ark. Co-Operative Comments. BY C. STIMSON. ^^ ECEXTLY there was a discussion as to how the ownership T*^ of bee ranges could be acquired. No one was able to ad- vance a plan by which it could be done. It is too much like acquiring title to air or sunshine. None of the correspondents seemed to realize our troubles are caused by the individital ownership of those things which are collectively used. The large machinery of the present da}^ compel us to produce and distribute socially. We still retain the primitive system of individual ownership which we had when the machines were so small that a single individual could own and operate them. The workers produce and distribute their products by socialized efifort. They receive a bare existence price for their labor. These products are sold at a high price, and the numerous profits are retained by the non-working owners of the machinerv. The members of the National Bee-Keepers' Association realize that the present planless method of producing and distributing their supplies causes them enormous useless expense. The individual ownership of the supply factories results in bee supplies made in Ohio being shipped to New York, and supplies made in New York being shipped to Ohio. Redwood lumber is shipped to Missouri to be made into hives. White pine supplies are sent from Ohio to' the coast. In the way of advertising, each bee-keeper receives numerous catalosTS describing: the same goods. In each railroad 418 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW center each firm must keep a distributing house. A co-operative ownership of the bee supply business would eliminate this useless duplication of shipping, distributing and advertising — a greater ex- pense than the actual cost of the goods. // the supply makers and supply users would get together all concerned would be benefited. If the supply makers get together the users will be exploited. One or more factories could be merged and stock issued and turned over to the present owners until it could be sold to the members of a co- operative association of bee-keepers. The plants of the present dis- tributers of honey could be acquired in the same way. In 1844, eighteen English workmen saved up to get enough money to buy a barrel of flour to make their bread co-operatively. They were idealists. They charged themselves prevailing prices and used a percentage of the profits to extend the business. Today, the Rochdale Co-operative Association of England, which these im- poverished workers started, is the largest mercantile association in England. They own factories and carry foreign made goods in their own ships. In Belgium, a small group of socialists started a co-operative association. They charged themselves prevailing rates and added a percentage of the profits to the business. With these profits and the capital furnished by new members, together with their loyalty, the workmen own and control their own business. If the bee-keepers should take over the bee supply business the lumber trust could put them out of business if they should decide. If the honey business should interfere with the machine-made glu- cose we would find our horns locked with the glucose trust. The only way is to organize the bee supply business and honey distri- bution for the benefit of the producers and consumers, and then never stop as long as there is a single industry which is publicly used that is not publicly owned. We must not depend on leaders. If the rank and file are not posted and know what they want, there will be, sooner or later, some Napoleon to seize their rights. If we should use our selfishness collectively instead of individually, our Napoleons would be much more useful to society. Let our motto be "Labor creates all wealth ; wealth belongs to the creator thereof." Holly, Colo. CHAS. ISRAEL & BROS. visaiia, Caiif \our plan of selling honey will catch more new members than anything I can 488-490 Canal St,. New York Wholesale Dealers and Commission Merchants think of. If carried through properly, I in believe that it will have a far reaching Honey, neeswax. Maple Sugar ami effect in creating a better and more even Syrup, Etc. price for honey in the whole countr3^ Consignments solicited. Established 1875. OttO LuHDORFF. THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 419 Published Monthly E. B. TYRRELL, Managing Editor. Office — i'fo Woodland Ave., Detroit, Michigan Associate Editors: E. D. TOWNSEND, Northstar, Mich. WESLEY FOSTER, Boulder, Colo. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post office at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Ha- waiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. Discontinuances — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. Advertising- rates on application. EDITORIAL Xational Convention, Cincinnati, Ohio, February 12th and 13th. Shetland Ponies Die From Eating Sweet Clover. R. G. Smith, of Olathe, Colorado, recently lost three Shetland ponies from impaction of the bowels caused by eating dry sweet clover stalks. This is another instance Avhere stock relish sweet clover even to their hurt — W. F. Predicts Good Wintering in Colorado. A good flow^ from some source like alfalfa and sweet clover with good weather conditions insures a high quality of winter stores. .Such honey will not candy readily in the hives. Poor wintering conditions throughout the west have been quite largely caused by the candying of honey in the hives. The condition of the winter stores is above the average this fall in most locations, so the pros- pects for favorable wintering are good. — \V. F. Have Your Bees Enough Honey for Winter? A note of warning is found in the following extract from a letter just received from Elmer Hutchinson, of Pioneer, Mich. He says : "We have had to feed the bees the heaviest this fall that we have since we came to this part of the State. We have fed more than 5,000 lbs. of sugar." 420 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Other reports to this office complain of a scarcity of fall honey, and mention heavy feeding. Here is where the careless bee-keeper will come in for a heavy loss this winter if he doesn't take heed now and see that all colonies are well supplied with stores. Take nothing for granted. — E. B. T. Sweet Clover for Winter Pasturage. G. S. Todd, of Montezuma County, Colorado, a resident there for years, says that sweet clover makes a valuable winter pasturage for stock, growing as it does in the canons and gulches. Air. Todd's orchard has a heavy growth of sweet clover in it and he told me that before spring his horses would have it nearly all eaten to the ground. Mr. Todd is of the opinion that sweet clover has been of more value to the farmer and stockman than it has been harm. Where the grain fields are plowed each year and the crop not disced in on the stubble, sweet clover does not cause trouble in the wheat and oats. — W. F. The Manipulation of the Wax Scales by the Honey Bee. People used to believe that wax was gathered by the bees and taken to the hive the same as was the honey. Those big balls of pollen appearing on the bee's legs were long supposed to be bee comb. Later it was learned that wax in some mysterious manner came from the body of the bee, but just how this was done, and how it was moulded into the beautiful comb was not so well understood. D. B. Casteel, Ph. D., Collaborator, Adjunct Professor of Zoology. University of Texas, has gone into this matter in detail in circular No. 161, issued by the United States Department of Agri- culture, Washington, D. C, October 4th, 1912, and bearing the title given above. This circular can be had free by addressing the Department. — E. B. T. A Railroad Company Asking for Honey. 'My little effort to bring buyer and producer together has begun to show me the possibilities before the National Association in this line of work. I can see where a lot of new markets can be worked up by persistent effort, and how the bee-keeper who sells at home can be benefited. I have before me a letter from a Railroad company asking where they can get honey put up in individual service packages for their dining cars. When a company of this kind will come to the THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 421 National Association for such information it is only natural to sup- pose that other large concerns using honey will come to us as our efforts become better known. Let me hear from associations, bee- keepers or dealers putting up an individual service package. — E. B. T. Crops Should Not Be Grown in the Orchard. Clean cultivation of the orchard is an important factor in the production of highly colored fruit according to F. B. Quinlan, of Montrose County, Colorado. The sun's rays reflected from the ground makes for a better growth and color to the apple. Mr. Quinlan gives this as his observation in his own orchard- — a part of which was cover-cropped and a part kept under clean culture The bee-men used to favor the planting of alfalfa and other clovers in the orchards, but since the spray falling upon the bloom beneath the trees has killed so many bees they have changed their minds. The spraying question within the last year has assumed a position of importance to Colorado bee-men. Either the fruit growers' practice will have to change or the keeping of bees in fruit districts will be given up. — W. F. Statement of Ownership, Management, Circulation, Etc., of the Bee-Keepers'' Review, published monthly at Detroit, Michigan, required by the Act of August 24, 1912. Managing Editor, E. B. Tyrrell, 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit,, Mich. Assistant Editor, E. D. Townsend, Northstar, Mich. Assistant Editor, Wesley Foster, Boulder, Colorado. Business Manager, E. B. Tvrrell, 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. Publisher, The National Bee-Keepers' Association. Detroit, Mich. Owners, The National Bee-Keepers' Association, Detroit, Mich. Known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders, holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities: The National Bee-Keepers' Association purchased the Bee-Keepers' Review on a contract from E. B. Tyrrell, Detroit, Mich., who now holds said contract. Signed, E. B. Tyrrell. (Signature of editor, publisher, business manager, or owner.) Sworn to and subscribed before me this 5th day of October, 19J2. E. S. Kanause, Notary Public, County of WaA'ne, State of Michigan. (My commission expires March 10, UHS.) 422 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Fruit Growers Alive to the Importance of the Honey-Bee. A few years ago we read much of the war hke attitude between l)ee-men and fruit growers. The latter charged the honey-bee of doing them all kinds of damage. Later that antagonism was not so marked, and today they are beginning to call for the bee. A short time ago a company was organized, with headquarters in Detroit, to develop a large tract of land in Northwestern Michi- gan, setting it to fruit. I was appealed to as to how they could get bees to pollonize the fruit. These men knew fruit culture but knew nothing of the bee other than that its work was essential to their best interests. I am now in correspondence with a large fruit grower, one who has 170 acres of fruit as a part of a 500-acre farm. This man would like to get a start in bees and wants to find some capable man or woman to build up an apiary and handle it for him. Sorry to say that I couldn't name that man or woman at this time. The Cuba A'C-zvs, published at Havana, Cuba, had an item in its October 12th issue, naming a fruit grower of Cuba who wanted to find some one who could handle some bees for hini. His prime object in having the bees was not the honey but the fruit-crop the bees made possible. All of which goes to show that there is a field for some young man, or several for that matter, to take up the study of bee-culture with a view to establishing apiaries for fruit growers who want the bees but don't know how to go about it to get them and keep them after they do get them. — E. B. T. How Will This Affect the Western Bee-Man? The Nortli J Vest Forum, published at North Yakima. Washing- ton, recently stated that "H. Stanley Cofifin, who returned Sunday from Twin Falls, Idaho, says that many farmers are plowing up their alfalfa fields and putting in grain. He says they raise about 60 bushels of wheat to the acre for three years on the alfalfa land, which pays them better than the hay crop.'' In a private letter S. King Clover, of JMabton, Washington, sa)'S Mr. Coffin is a member of the firm of Coffin Bros., merchants, and is heavily interested in the sheep business. Mr. Clover says this plow- ing up of alfalfa will be hard on the bee-keeper. Mr. Clover sends me a clipping which states that the "Secretary of the Interior has authorized the Director of the Reclamation Ser- vice to enter into an agreement with the land owners in west extension of the Umatilla irrigation project, Oregon, whereby they are to convey to the United States certain strips and parcels of land to be utilized for the establishment and maintainance of plantations THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 423 of trees and shrubs to serve as wind breaks to protect and facilitate the agricultural development of adjacent irrigable lands and to pro- tect irrigation canals and laterals." In concluding his letter i\Ir. Clover pertinently asks: "Think of the Government growing wind breaks to grow crops. Where are our winged friends? How are they to connect up with the flowers? How are they to return to their hives? Does not high, dry winds evaporate the nectar? The whole country west of the Rockies is strewn with volcanic ash and the "light soil" is general." — E. B. T. Shipping Bees Without Combs. This is something the A. I. Root Co. is experimenting with to quite an extent tliis fall. One shipment was sent to me, coming by express during the warm weather in September. It vvas intended to be sent during some extremely warm weather but a delay caused it to start just at the close. However it was warm enough for a fair test. This shipment consisted of three pounds of bees in a wire ship- ping cage without combs. A water can was arranged at the top with one little hole in the center of the cover. At the bottom of the cage was the candy for food. Thin slats were arranged running through the cage so the bees had a place to cling to. A strap handle was tacked on so express handlers would be apt to keep it right side This shipment came through in fine condition. I don't believe there were a dozen dead bees in the cage and these could have easily died from natural causes. I gave them some empty combs, fed them sugar syrup, and in a few days the queen had a nice little brood nest started. I am going to try to winter them and can see no reason why they should not go through the winter in good condition. If bees can be shipped successfully without combs it will open up some great possibilities in the way of buying bees in one location and shipping them to another. Especially will it appeal to those who wish to buy bees in the south to ship north for the white honey flow.— E. B. t/ Paul Hunton's Comb Honey Package. Earlier in the season the expressman brought to me a package from Somerset. Colorado. Opening it I found a comb-honey super filled with fill sections. The section holders were of wood with a ^4, in. top and bottom, but instead of being fastened together at the ends they were fastened together by a post in the center. Then, unlike other section holders, thev were filled from the ends, botli 424 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW ends, instead of at the top. Heavy wood separators were placed between each section holder. Unfortunately the super reached me too late to be filled by the bees this year so I could not sa}' from personal experience how the bees would take to tin sections. If they would work in them all right, and I don't see why they shouldn't, then the question of material for sections was solved so far as quantity was concerned. But there was a surprise in store for me, for a few days ago the expressman again brought me a package from Somerset, and this time it had four of those tin sections filled with honey. And the^ surprise consisted in the way those sections were prepared for market. For each tin section there were two tin covers. One of these covers was beautifully lithographed, showing flowers and bees be- sides the words "Dust Proof — Convenient. The Bees Did It. Sealed at the Apiary. Pure — Trade Mark — Wholesome. Patent Applied For." This cover had a hole cut in it 2ys. inches in dia- meter, and this was covered with isinglass. Through this the honey could be seen. The other cover was of plain tin, wJth no opening. Now these covers were slipped over each side of the section and fastened on by a lithographed label which went all the way around the outside of the section. This label was 1^^ inches wide, just the width of the section, and when it was pasted in place there was no possible chance for dust or dirt of any description to get in. In addition to this there would be but small chance for any leakage. I must say that it is the neatest package for comb honey I have seen. It is as near "fool proof" as you can get it, and a clerk would have to be exceedingly careless to damage the comb by handling. I believe Mr. Hunton intends to place this package on the market soon, when further description and full prices v/ill be given. — E. B. T. Let's Breed a Strain of Bees Immune to Bee Diseases. Of considerable importance is the breeding of a strain of bees that is immune to the prevailing brood diseases. My opinion is that nothing confronts the honey producer today that is as much to be desired as a strain of good house-cleaners. Much has been said upon this subject and I have no doubt but what some far-seeing- bee-keepers have bred a strain of bees less susceptible to brood diseases than the ordinary, where no attention has been paid to breeding with this end in view. A very energetic colony of bees would more likely be immune from brood disease than a less energetic one. A very energetic honey gathering colony might not be a good disease resister. they paying more attention to the gathering of honey than to their brood. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 425 A colony less energetic as honey gatherers may be good disease resisters, but the chances are against them. Were I breeding a strain of bees expecting them to be immune from brood diseases, the first requisite as a breeding colony would be one that did not allow dead brood to remain in the comb, but, seemingly, removing it as fast as it died. It would seem to me that 99% of the contagion would be removed with that dead larva. It is to be presumed that more larva would die in that same cell, to be immediately removed by the energetic colony. Doesn't it seem reasonable to suppose that with this good house-keeping colony, disease would eventually be eradicated? It is nothing strange to open a colony of bees in summer and find a hundred or more dead larva in the combs, and this neither of the two diseases known as foul brood. It will be later removed by the bees and disappear. Perhaps the next colony opened will show no signs of dead brood in their combs and would be a more desir- able colony to breed from, from a brood disease standpoint. The Review wants articles along the line of breeding a strain of bees that are capable of resisting brood diseases. It may not be possible to breed a strain wholly immune from disease, but it is a fact that some colonies are much more susceptible to disease than others. AVeed out the weaklings. During the coming leisure of winter will be a good time to talk this matter over. Let me hear from vou, member. — E. D. T. Can Honey Producers Do Without the Middleman? I wish to commend Mr. Hastings' article, July 1, 1912. He says we can not do without the middleman, and in a very ingenious manner compares what the producer pays the middleman to what he would have to pay hired help to take his place if he marketed his produce himself. Omitting a discussion of what added profit the middleman, jobber, wholesaler, and retailer make off the producer, and the tendency of each to cheat the other, and all of them the producer, and granting that bee-keepers are better informed along these lines than most other producers, I doubt whether there is one that will not agree that there should be some better way of handling our product than the present v;asteful unstandardized means of disposing of a crop of honey. Mr. Hastings says we can not do without the middleman, but I think we can. The National Association has stepped out of the dark, and says it is anxious and willing to be the middleman. Now it is up to the producers to help. If we do not sow we can not reap. Let us follov/ Mr. Hastings' advice, and co-operate. If we do our part it will be easy for the Association to do its. Calabasas, Cal., Aug. 1. J-^mes K. Hedstrom. The above clipping from September loth Gleanings is to the point. The National must have a considerably better support than it has ever had in the past if very much benefit is derived by the members. To be sure a few can do something, and are doing some- thing, but to derive substantial benefits as the management would {Contijmed on page 4j/) 426 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 2I1J? National l^^-SC^^p^ra' AaanriattDn Anil its 1Bra«rl|pa Officers. Directors. George W. York, President. ... Sandpoint, Ida. E. D. Townsend, Chairman Remus, Mich. MoRLEY Pettit, Vice-Pres. . .Guelph, Ont., Can. J. M. Buchanan Franklin, Tenn. E. B. Tyrrell, Secretary Detroit, Mich. Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. 230 Woodland Ave. J. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. N. E. France, Treas. Gen. Mgr., Plattville, Wis. F. Wilcox Mauston, Wis. N'ational Branches and Their Secretaries. Arizona Honey Exchange N. Michigan — Ira D. Bartlett G. M. Frizzell, Tempe, Ariz. East Jordan, Mich. Adirondack — H. E. Gray.. Fort Edwards, N.Y. Ohio — Prof. N. E. Shaw, Dept. of Agr.... Colorado — Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. Columbus, Ohio Chicago-Northwestern — L. C. Dadant Ontario— P. W. Hodgetts, Parliament Bldg., Hamilton, III Toronto, Ont., Can. Hampshire — Hampden — Franklin — Dr. Oregon — H. Wilson Corvallis, Ore. Burton N. Gates Amherst, Mass. Pecos Valley— Henry C. Barron Idaho— R. D. Bradshaw Notus, Ida. Hagerman, New Mexico Illinois— Jas. A. Stone. . .Rt. 4, Springfield, III. Pennsylvania— H. C. Khnger Liverpool Pa. J _ - _. T TM , IwiN Falls — C. H. Stimson. .Twin Falls, Ida. Iowa— C. L. Pmney Le Mars, Iowa Tennessee— T. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn. Indiana— Geo. W. Williams, Redkey, Ind. Texas— Willis C. Collins, Box 154 Missouri— J. F. Diemer Liberty, Mo. Goliad, Texas •ktt^,,,^.., t7 -d t- 11 oon \%r ji J Vermont — P. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. MicHiGAN-E. B. Tyrrell, 230 Woodland Washington-J. B. Ramage Ave., Detroit, Mich. f ^^ 2, N. Yakima, Wash. Minnesot.\— C. A. Palmer, 1477 Ashland Ave. Wisconsin— Gus Dittmer Augusta, Wis. St. Paul, Minn. Worcester County — O. F. Fuller New Jersey — E. G. Carr .... New Egypt, N.J. Blackstone. Mass. Convention of Ontario Bee-Keepers. Ontario Branch, N. B. K. A., will hold their convention at Toronto, November 13, 14 and 15. Full program has not been announced, so I am unable to give it here. However, you can be assured of a good time, for Ontario bee-keepers always have a good convention. I expect to be present and hope to meet a big crowd. — E. B. T. Elect Your Delegates for National Meeting. Be sure and elect your delegate for the National Convention. Even though you are not sure of sending one 3^ou should elect one, and an alternate, as possibly you v/ant to be represented. Blanks for delegates' credentials will be furnished your secretary. If they are not there at the time of your convention, have the secretary write me and they will be sent later. We want 3^011 represented. Be sure and do your part. If your association is not a National Branch, it can vote to become one at its convention and elect a delegate at the same time. Take your copy of September Review with you so 3^ou will have copy of the National Constitution. Or better still, write me for a copy of the constitution. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 427 Another New National Branch. The Worcester County Bee-Keepers' Association, the oldest hee-keepers' association in Massachusetts, voted to become a Na- tional Branch at their last meeting held September 11th. It is a pleasure for me to add their name to our rapidly growing' list of National Branches. Massachusetts bee-keepers now have two National Branches to chose from, and in order to save confusion let me suggest that you send your National dues to the Secretary of the Branch nearest you. I am pleased to welcome this new Branch to our ranks, and shall be pleased to co-operate with you in every way possible to advance the bee-keeping interests in your State. — E. B. T. The Missouri Branch Starts a Contest for Members. In order to increase our membership in our State and National Bee-Keepers' Associations I am offering six prizes as follows: Each 50 cents to be counted as one. For instance, if you send ■50 cents to the Secretary with the name of an old or new member you will be given credit for one and he will be a member of the Mo. B. N. B. K. A. If you send the name of an old or a new mem- ber at $1.50' you will be given credit for three, and he will be a member of both State and National and will get the Review and •other good things that will do him good. $1.50 worth of knowledge is worth more to some bee-keepers than $50.00 worth of bees. Officers of the Association not allowed to compete. First prize, one 3-frame nuclei. Second, one 5-frame nuclei. Third, one 1-frame nuclei. Fourth, one tested queen. Fifth, one warranted queen. Sixth, one untested queen. Each nuclei to have a tested queen, either goldens or three-banded. Nothing but good stock sent. Contest will close January 31, 1913, and these prizes will be sent not later than July 1, 1913. Circulars furnished to those wishing to compete. J. F. DiEMER, Secretary, Libertv. Missouri. First Annual Convention of Iowa Branch, National Bee-Keepers' Association, will be held in the club room of the Saverv hotel, Des Moines, Dec. 12 and 13, 1912. Thursday, 10 a. m.— Address of the President, W. P. South- worth, Sioux City; Report of Secretary-Treasurer, C. L. Pinney, 428 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW Le Mars ; Greeting from Illinois, C. P. Dadant, Hamilton, 111. ; committee appointments. Thursday, 2 p. m. — Production of Comb Honey, F. W. Hall, Colo.; Production of Extracted Honey, D. E. L'hommedieu, Colo.; Wintering Problems. C. H. True, Edgewood. Friday, 10 a. m. — Fuss and Fun of Bee Keeping, Eugene Secor, Forest City ; The Foul Brood Situation, P>ank C. Pellett, State Inspector, Atlantic; State Aid for the Industry, E. E. Townsend, Fort Dodge. Friday, 2 p. m. — Question Box. Open discussions led by prom- ijient bee-keepers ; Making the most of the home market ; Co-opera- tion in marketing ; Increasing the forage and bettering the locality ; Exhibits at fairs as a means of advertising ; Election of of^cers. Let every bee-keeper bring samples of his best product to put on display and come prepared to demonstrate any new kink or shortcut that is likely to prove of value to the fraternity. Headquarters will be at the Savery hotel. Frank C. Peli.ett, State Bee Inspector, Atlantic. Iowa. New State Bee-Keepers' Organization, Massachusetts, On September 14, at the State Mutual Restaurant, Worcester, Mass., Mr. J. B. Levens of Maiden; O. F. Fuller, Blackstone ; J. L. Byard, Marlboro; A. A. Byard, West Chesterfield, N. H. ; Arthur Monroe, Spencer, and Dr. B. N. Gates, of Amherst, met at an informal dinner for the purpose of discussing the advisability and method of forming a State Bee-keepers' Association for ^klassachu- setts. The invitation to this meeting w^as extended by Dr. Burton N. Gates of the Massachusetts Agricultural College, acting as secre- tary of the Hampshire, Hampden and Franklin Bee-keepers' Asso- ciation, who voted last spring to further the organization of a state- society in which there should be representation and co-ordination of the various local societies of the state. The sense of those present in Worcester was so unanimously in favor of the movement that it was voted to form an association to be known as the State Bee-keepers' Association of Massachusetts. Provisional ofBcers were elected by unanimous vote as follow's : President. John L. Byard; Vice-President, J. B. Levens; Secretary- Treasurer, Burton N. Gates. The constitution and by-laws were discussed, a memorandum drawn up and authorized, and submitted to a committee composed of presidents and others of the several societies now existing. It was further voted to hold the first annual meeting of the organ'za- THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 419 tion on the second Saturday in January, 1913, as a joint meeting with the Worcester County Bee-keepers' Association, in Worcester. Jt was furthermore voted to announce this organization through the courtesy of the Bee-Keepers' Review. Briefly, the organization is designed as a medium of union and co-ordination of the various local societies in ^fassachusetts for the purpose of devising and promoting measures that are of general ijiterest to the bee-keepers of the state and to encourage the organ- ization of local co-operation in the several districts of the state as well as to promote and impress upon the public the importance and value of the bee-keeping industry. Since this organization is distinctly in the interest of individual bee-keepers of the state, the secretary solicits your suggestions and will gladly correspond with those interested. (Signed) Eurtox X. Gates, Secretary, Amherst, ]\Iass. September 25, 11)12. How Your Money is iHandled. As a member of the National Bee-Keepers' Association, you will no doubt be interested in knowing just how your money is handled. First, it is all sent to this office. A proper receipt is sent each remitter. Then it is properly recorded on my books here, showing just how it came and who from. Later it is mailed to the treasurer, Mr. France. Here it is properly recorded on the treas- urer's books, and then deposited in the bank at Plattville selected by the Directors for that purpose. Now to draw that money out is a dift'erent proposition. Take for illustration a printing bill. The printer sends his bill direct !:o me. Here it is checked up to see that it corresponds with the goods received. An order is then drawn on the treasurer for th<^ amount. This order, together with the original bill from the printer, is sent to Chairman Townsend. Mr. Townsend then goes o^■er the bill to see what it is for, and to see that it corresponds with the order. If correct it gets his O. K. and the bill is returned to this office and the order on the treasurer is sent on to iMr. France. Mr. France then draws a check on the National funds to the person to whom the bill is due, and sends it back to this office. ^Ir. Town- send in the meantime has returned the original bill to me, and the bill and check are both sent the printer. It is then properly receipted by the printer and sent back to this office for filing. Quite a lot of red tape did you say? Not at all. In this way not a dollar of your money can be spent without the consent of three officers. Three men know just what is spent and what it is 430 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW spent for. ]\Ir. Townsend sees every l)ill paid, and signs an order for its payment. Air. France has that order on file as his authority for paying the money, and at this office I have the original bill, receipted, as well as a record of what it was for. Air. France's books and my books will Isalance to a cent. An auditor can go over the books, compare them with the receipted bills, and determine where every penny went. Three men must "get their heads to- gether" if vour Association is defrauded of a cent. — E. B. T. Proposed Amendments to National Constitution. That Article 1 be changed so the name shall designate the iVsso- ciation as international in character. That Article 3 be amended so a National Branch may be estab- lished with a less number of members than 2o. That Article 4 be amended as follows : Section 1. "Membership shall be extended to any person inter- ested in bee-keeping, and who is in accord with the purposes and aims of this Association. This membership shall be obtained through one of the National Branches." Section 2. The total membership fee and subscription to the official organ, "The Bee-Keepers" Review," shall be $1.50 ; fifty cents of which shall go into the fund of the local Branch treasury, and one dollar shall be sent the National Secretary for subscription. Membership in a National Branch constitutes membership in the National, and a subscription to the official organ, "Review," is not compulsory, although it is advisable in order that each member may receive all important notices published therein. Section 3. Membership shall begin at the time the membership fee is paid, and shall expire at the end of the time paid for, counting from date membership began. That Article 6 be amended as follows : Section 1. The officers of this Association shall be a President. \'ice-President. Secretary and Treasurer. These officers shall be elected at each annual meeting of delegates and serve for one year, or until their successors are elected and qualified. Section 2. The President shall preside at each annual meeting of delegates and at any special meeting which may be called. Sections 4 and .") shall be changed to conform to the change in Section 1. That Article T be amended as follows: Section 1. At each annual meeting of delegates in addition to the officers named in Article 0, there shall be elected a board of five directors. THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 431 That Article 8 be amended as follows: Section 2 shall be stricken from the constitution, and Section 3 inserted in its place. That Article 9 shall be as follows : Section 1. The Bee-Keepers' Review, a monthly i^ublication, shall be published by this Association as its official organ. Section 2. Xotices and reports published in the official organ, The Bee-Keepers' Review, shall be considered ample and sufficient notice to the members, and it shall not be considered necessary to send a written or printed notice in addition to the one published in the "Review." Articles 9 and 10 shall be changed to Articles 10 and 11 respectively. The delegates shall have power to change such other parts of the constitution as shall be deemed necessary after due and careful deliberation. Can Honey Producers Do Without the Middle-Man? {Co7itinued from page 425) like to give the members, many more members must be enrolled. ^^'hy is it that the ruralist is so indifferent about co-operation? Are Ave in a rut so deep that it is impossible to extricate ourselves along this great field of co-operation? I am sure not, for are there not several associations already co-operating to the mutual advantage of their members, both in the sale of the products of the apiary and the buying of their supplies? As member Hedstrom says: "Let us follow Mr. Hastings' advice, and co-operate. If we do our part it will be easy for the Association to do its." This is good logic, and I assure ^Ir. Hedstrom that the present officers of the National will ever be ready to do their part for the betterment of the Asso- ciation and its members. We are prosperous. The fact is, the National was never in a position to do for its members more than it can and is doing today, but we will never stop "plugging" for new members as long as there is a single bee-keeper outside of the Association. — E. D. T. Blairstown, X. J.. 6/16/12. should be the organ of the National; no Dear Editor Tyrrell ■ other publication could so well fill the The taking over of the Review by the P'^J^^ ^"^ methinks it was horned to that National is the best thing in the bee ^"t- , , i- j ..u world since the founding of Ghanings. ^, V" "?^-\ "°t have realized the power Little knew the late W. Z. H. when he '■\^\'\ shallsway over the ^at.onal; it named his paper The Bee-Keepers' Re- '^^" '^*^ ^^ ^^e red, white and blue w-av- view that it would be such a fitting pre- '"- °''^'' °"'' "°f^ "^t'°"- ^^^^'^-^'^ ^ ^^\ hide to the great National and soon after f"*^^' ^'^''^-''^ ^^^'"§^ P*^^^'^''- P^^^^ ^"^ its founder found his last peaceful rest- narmonv \ours forever, ingiplace. How fitting that the Review Wm. Eugene Conklix. 432 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW THE POOREST SECTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT IN THE GRADE NAMED FANCY NUMBER ONE NUMBER TWO HONEY QUOTATIONS As predicted in the October Review, the demand for honey the past month has been m,uch better than in September. More requests are coming to this office from buyers, and the quotations given below show a healthier tone. There is no appar- ent reason for a reduction in price, and the demands during November should be even better than in October. Comb honey should be hustled to market this month if possible. There is danger of shipping in cold weather. There should be no reduction in price, how- ever, as the demand is good and the market should be able to handle all that is offered. BOSTON — Fancy white comb honey, 16c to 17c. No. 1 white comb honey, 15c to 16c. Fancy white extracted honey, 10c to lie. Light amber extracted honey, 9c to 10c. Am- ber, 8c to 9c. Wax, 30c. BLAKE-LEE CO., Oct. 19. 4 Chatam Row. KANSAS CITY, MO.— The receipt of both comb and extracted honey are more liberal; the demand very good. With cooler weather we look for a still better demand. We quote as follows: No. 1 white comb, 24 sec. cases, $3.25 to $3.35; No. 2 white comb, 24 sec. cases, $3.00; No. 1 amber comb, 24 sec. cases, $3.00; No. 2 amber comb, 24 sec. cases, $2.75; extracted white, per lb. 8J4c; extracted amber, per lb. 6c to 7c; beeswax, 25c to 28c. C. C. CLEMONS PRODUCE CO. Oct. 18. NEW YORK— We have a fairly good de- mand for white comb honey at prices ruling about the same, that is, fancy white 15c, with some exceptionally fine lots which will bring 16c; No. 1 white at 14c; No. 2 white and light amber around 13c; mixed and buckwheat at from 10c to 12c, according to quality. Buck- wheat honey seems to be rather scarce, the crop evidently did not turn out as large as expected. Extracted in fair demand for all grades; white clover selling at around Syic to 9c; light amber at 8c, and amber at from 7c to 7j4c. West Indian arriving quite freely and selling at from 75c to 85c per gallon, accord- ing to quality. Beeswax quiet at 30c. Oct. 23. HILDRETH & SEGELKEN. CINCINNATI— The demand for comb honey and extracted honey is fair, with a good supply. No. 1 white comb honey selling in large lots at $3.60 per case, 24 sections; there is no demand for off grades. White ex- tracted honey in 60-pound cans is selling from 9Hc to 10 c. Light amber in barrels from 7c to 7^c, in 60-pound cans from 8c to Syic. Beeswax, fair demand, selling at $33.00 per hundred. The above are our selling prices, not what we are paying. Oct. 17. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. CHICAGO— Sales of honey during the month of October have been above the aver- age, both in comb and extracted. The market is well supplied but not overstocked for this season of the year (the major part of the comb being sold during October and Novem- ber). Prices on No. 1 to fancy comb honey range from 17c to 18c per lb. Off grades from Ic to 3c per lb. less. Amber grades from 12c to 15c per lb. White extracted from 8c to 10c per lb. Amber from 7c to 8c per lb. Beeswax, 30c to 32c per lb. R. A. BURNETT & CO., Oct. 18. 173 W. South Water St. CINCINNATI— The demand for both ex- tracted and comb honey is good. We are selling strictly fancy and number one comb honey at $3.75 to $3.85 a case. Lower grades are not wanted at any price. White clover extracted honey we are selling at 8J^c to 10c, and amber honey at e'^c to 8}^c, according to the quantity and quality purchased. llie THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 433 above are selling prices. We are paying 2Sc cash or 30c in trade, for choice bright yellow jeeswax, delivered here. We render beeswax from old comb and cappings. Write us. THE FRED W. MUTH _C0., "The Busy Bee Men." Oct. 24. 204 Walnut St., Cincinnati, Ohio. -o Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your advertisement in this department. < =< BEES AND QUEENS. For Sale. — 50 to 300- colonies, 8-frame, good condition. E. F. Atw.\ter, Meridian, Idaho. A Limited Number of Leather Colored Ital- ian Oueens for Sale. Warranted purely mated, $1.50. Geo. B. Howe, Black River, N. Y. Front Line Italian Queens by return mail at 75c each, 6, $4.25; 12, $8.00; 25 and up, 60c each. J. B. Hollopeter, Pentz, Pa. For Sale — 25 colonies bees, a quantity of hives, comb-honey supers and other supplies. If you want to save money write Leon C. Wheeler, Barryton, Mich. Golden Italian Queens — Untested, war- ranted $1.00 each; six for $4.50; twelve for $8.00. Good report^ wh"'-" tried for Black brood. J. B. Case, Port Orange, Fla. Golden Italian Queens that produce golden bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each $1, six $5; tested $2. J. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. Carniolan Queens. — Bred from best im- ported stock. Many colonies can be manip- ulated without the use of smoke or veil. Un- tested, one for $.75, six for $4.25, twelve for $8.00. Tested, one for $1.00, six for $5.00, twelve for $10.00. William Kernan, Dushore, Pa., R. D. 2. Golden Queens. — Very gentle, very hardy, and great surplus gatherers. Untested, golden to tip queens, that should produce golden to tip workers, $1.00; select tested, $3.00; also nuclei and full colonies. Send for circular and price list to Geo. M. Steele, 30 S. 40th St., Phila- delphia, Penna. HONET AND WAX. For Sale — Finest quality white clover and basswood honey, blended in extractor. Put up in brand new 60-lb. cans, two cans per case, at 10c per lb. by case of two cans, or more, F. O. B. Flint. Cash with order. L. S. Griggs, 711 Avont St., Flint, Mich. Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey, and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 W. S. Water St., Chicago. Wanted. — White or very light amber ex- tracted or comb honey at once. O. N. Bald- W'lN, Baxter Springs, Kans. For Sale — Finest quality clover and bass- wood extracted honey in 60-lb. cans. J. F. MoORE, Tiffin, Ohio. For Sale — Finest extracted white clover and basswood honey. The kind with a delicious flavor. A trial order will convince you. D. H. Welch, Racine, Wis. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. Hildreth & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. For Sale — Fine extracted honey, clover and basswood mixed, in new 60 lb. (net) square cans, two in a box. Price 9c per lb. All extracted after the hoiiey season closed. Dr. C. G. LuFT, Fremont, Ohio. Extracted Honey of the finest quality — thick well ripened, flavor simply delicious. White clover and sweet clover blend. Price 9c per pound in bright new 60 lb. cans. Sam- ple free. J. P. Moore, Morgan, Ky. A very fine quality of white extracted honey for table use, in new 60-lb. tin cans. Raspberry or Basswood flavors. Say how much you can use and we will be pleased to quote our prices. Sample free for a 4c stamp to pay the postage. E. D. Townsend & Sons, North- star, Mich. MXSCEI^I^ANEOVS. For Sale — Bee-keepers' supplies. Agents' prices. Save freight. Free catalog. G. F. Stanton, Buckingham, Fla. Aluminum Hive Numbers (I'^-in. high) 2c each Fig. 50 or more l^c. Postpaid, incl. brass nails. Henry Benke, Pleasantville Sta., N. Y. For Sale — Empty second hand cans, two cans to the case, good as new, 25c per case. C. H. W. Weber & Co., 2146-2148 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio. What Have You for established business? Arnd Honey & Bee Supply Co., Chicago, dis- tributers for Lewis Beeware, can be bought cheap for cash or will exchange for what have you? $2,500 value. Chance to get into established business. Fantus Bros., 525 So. Dearborn St., Chicago, 111. For Sale and Wanted by the Colorado Branch N. B. K. A.: For sale — 4,000 colonies bees, comb and extracted honey, and bee sup- plies. Wanted — 500 to 1.000 colonies bees, hundreds of queens and nuclei next spring, bee supplies. Write for free booklet giving above information, or send $2.00 for member- ship in State and National to Wesley Foster, Sec, Boulder, Colo. 434 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Special Offers in Bee Literature, etc. Good locations for bees in new and unoccu- pied territory. Send for free circular. George W. York, Sandpoint, Idaho. For Sale.— a full line of bee-keepers' sup- plies; also Italian bees and honey a specialty. Write for catalog and particulars. , The Penn Co., Penn, Miss. (Successor to J. M. Jenkins.) POSITIONS AND HEIiF. Wanted — Apiarist or helper who is willing to invest $250 in apiary. We allow you wages and percentage of crop as manager. Particu- lars on request. Apiarist, Sawtelle. Calif. FOUI.TBT. Pigeons! Pigeons! — Thousands in all leading varieties at lowest prices. Squab-breeding stock our specialty; 17 years' experience. Illustrated matter free. Providence Squab Co., Provi- dence, R. I. American Butter & Cheese Company 31-33 Griswold St, Detroit, Mich. Always in the market for choice comb honey. Write us. 'TGEfBETfERLiCHt From KEROSENE (Coal Oil) Tests br ^ot. Rogers, Lewis Institute, Ohleaio, on leading oll-bumlng lamps showthe Aladdin Mantle Lamp iBthe most economical and glvesovertwiee I a* much light aethe Rayoand other lampsi tested. It IB odorless, safe, clean. nolBeless. I Guaranteed. Better Ugbt than gas or eleo- 1 trio. To introduce the Aladdin we'll send a sample lamp onaK> AGENTS WANTED Experience annecessarr. Every home needs this lamp. One agent BoK over 1000 on money back 10 Days TRIAL Jiik fir Parlicilan gaarantee, not one returned. Another sold I MOO worth In IK days. Evenings made profl-[ table. Ask foragents prices and trial offer, | HUTU UMP COyPMT, 43| Aladdin BIdg., Chicago,IU SECTIONS ^ We make a specialty of manufaduring Sedions. ^ Prompt shipments on all Bee-Keepers' supplies. CATALOGUE FREE AUG. LOTZ & CO. BOYD, WISCONSIN THE SWARTHMORE APIARIES The late E. L. Pratt's Celebrated Gentle GOLDEN ALL OVER QUEENS PEDIGREED PENN G. SNYDER, State Apiary lospector SWARTHMORE, PA. "Griggs Saves you Freight." TOLEDO Is the best shipping center for your honey crop. We handle vast quantities of Comb and Extracted Honey Write us what you have; will buy any quantity if price is right, or will handle on a commission. Also want to correspond with shippers of Potatoes, Apples, and other Produce. S. J. GRIGGS & CO. 26 N. Erie St. A GENUINE SERVICE. "I believe," says an old subscriber, "that every time The Youth's Companion enters a home it does that home a genuine service." That describes the purpose of the publishers exactly. The paper is not filled with mis- chievous or idle thoughts to fill an idle hour. It provides healthy pastime, recreation that builds up. It is to the minds of eager and im- pressionable young people what sound athletics are to their iDodies. At a cost of less than four cents a week The Youth's Companion opens the door to a company of the most distinguished men and women in America and purope. Whether they are revealing the latest discoveries in science, or describing great industrial achieve- ments, or telling of their wanderings in strange corners of the world, or feeding_ the imagination with rare stories, they are giving Companion readers the best of themselves. Seven serials at least will be publisiied by The Companion in 1913, and nearly 200 other complete stories, in addition to some 50 spe- cial contributions, and a treasure-box of sketches, anecdotes, expert advice as to ath- letic sports, ideas for handy devices round the house, and so forth — long hours of companion- ship with the wise, the adventurous and the entertaining. Announcement for 1913 will be sent with sample copies of the paper to any address on request. Every new subscriber who sends $2.00 for the fifty-two weekly issues of 1913 will receive as a gift The Companion Window Transpar- cncv and Calendar for 1913, the most exquisite novelty ever offered to Companion readers; also, all the issues of The Companion for the remaining weeks of 1912, free. THE YOUTH'S COMP.\NION, 141 r>erkeley St., Boston. Mass. Nezv Siibscrif'tions Received at this OfRce. THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 435 QUEENS OF MOORE'S STRAIN OF ITALIANS PRODUCE WORKERS That fill the supers quick With honey nice and thick. They have won a world-wide rep- utation for honey-grathering, hard- iness, gentleness, etc. Untested queens, $1.00; six, $5.00; 12, $9.00. Select untested, $1.25; six, $6.00 12, $11.00. Safe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed. Circular free. J. P. MOORE Queen Breeder, Route 1, Morgan, Ky. WANTED NEW CROP HONEY Both Comb and Extracted Are you looking for a market? New York is as good as any. We handle on commission and buy outright. Write us before disposing of your honey. Hildreth & Segelken :;j5--(i7 Greeii\> ifi« St. >F:\V YORK CITY, A. Y. Comb Foundation Working Wax You have to go below the surface of things to find THE REASON WHY the HONEY BEES like Dittmer Process Comb Foundation It is because, it is PURE, WHOLE- SOME, has the TASTE, SMELL, and FIRMNESS of the Honey Comb the Honey Bee make themselves. You will be money ahead to send your wax to DITTMER to be worked into Foundation. SENI> FOR railiCES AlVD DISCOUNTS. GUS. DITTMER CO. Augusta, Wis. MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best young basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. 436 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Learn Beekeeping from me Beginning "First Lessons in Beekeeping," and the American Bee Journal, one year, Both for Only $1.00 "First Lessons in Beekeeping" is a 190-page book telling all that the beginner need know. ... It has an attractive paper cover, and many illustrations. "Doolittle's Scientific Queen-rearing," and the ^4 AA American Bee Journal, one year. Both for Only $ J.«UU Doolittle's "Scientific Queen-rearing" book contains 126 pages, and is bound in leatherette with round corners. It tells in the clearest way possible just how the famous queen- breeder, Mr. G. M. Doolittle, rears the best of queen bees in perfect accord with Nature's way. As all know, Mr. Doolittle has spent some 40 years in rearing queens and pro- ducing honey. He has no superior as a queen-breeder. You can learn to rear fine queens by following his directions. The beginner will want "First Lessons;" the older beekeeper should have "Scientific Queen-rearing." You will not regret it if you send your $1.00 now and get either one of these books with the JOURNAL, as the JOURNAL itself is worth more than the total cost. AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, HAMILTON, ILLINOIS "If goods are wanted quick, send to Pouder." BEE SUPPLIES Standard hives with latest improvements. Danzen- baker Hives, Sections, Foundation, Extractors, Smokers, in fact everything used about the bees. My equipment, my stock of goods, the quality of my goods and my shipping facilities cannot be ^^ PAPER HONEY JARS (Sample Mailed Free) For extracted honey. Made of heavy paper and paraffine coated, with tight seal. Every honey producer will be interested. A descriptive circular free. Finest white clover honey on hand at all times. I buy beeswax. Catalog of supplies free. WALTER S. POUDER, lndianapolis,lnd. 859 Massachusetts Avenue. Make Your Own Hives Bee Keepers will save money by Power using our Foot SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford, Illinois. PROTECTION HIVE The best and lowest priced double wall hive on the market. This hive has % mate- rial in the outer wall, and is not cheaply constructed of 5^ material as some other hives on the market. Packing or dead air spaced as you prefer. Remember winter is approach- ing. Get your bees into comfortable quarters before it is here. Send for a catalogue. A. G. WOODMAN CO., Grand Rapids, Mich. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 437 This Pail lor ^% cts.,in Crates of 100. F.O.B. Detroit A friction top pail. Put in the honey, push down the cover, and you have no leakage. Size of pail, 6^8, inches in diameter by 7 inches high. Holds 10 lbs. Honey Same Pail Holding 5 lbs. Honey, $5.00 per 100. Write for descriptive circular giving full particulars, prices, and freight rates, to The National Bee-Keepers' Association 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. PAGE-KENKEL MFG. CO. MANUFACTURERS OF THE "NONE BETTER" Bee - Keepers' Supplies THIRTY YEARS~EXPER1ENCE Perfect sections from young, white, kiln dried basswood. White Pine Hives and Supers, Excellent Shipping Cases, Brood Frames, Separators, etc. We invite your correspondence. Page-Kenkel Manufacturing Co, New London, Wis. FIVE PER CENT DISCOUNT ON ^i. jf falcon Bee Supplies All This Month Hives, sections, foundation and other supplies for the most discriminating of large beekeepers. The smallest want of the one colony man taken care of just as promptly and as accurately. All our hives, sections and other supplies are made of the best lumber obtainable, together with the superiority of work- manship make them perfect. We can give all orders pronipt at- tention. We guarantee entire satisfac- tion. Dealers Everywhere. Red Catalog postpaid. W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO. Falconer, N. Y. Where the good bee-hives come from. 438 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW An Advertiser in Trouble "Oh, my ! please stop that mail coming to me. I sold over six ton of honey and I haven't one pcnnd left. I had to return post office money order and checks and lots of dimes for samples. I believe I would have needed 25 tons to .'ill orders. Next year I will have to put on one or two cents a pound on my price to keep orders from coming in so fast. The price I sold my honey for this year is a little better than I received in the past. I iind it is a new stunt I have got on to — to advertise, as I have had honey for sale in the past and when I would write to some of the dealers — I found out they wanted me to give it to them." ROBERT CONN, ROARING BRANCH, PA. (Sorry, Friend Conn., but that REVIEW is just ^OUND to find buyers for its advertisers. "Kain't stop it nohow!") Now is the Time to Lay In Your Supply of Dadant's Foundation Five Per Cent Discount during November. We Want Your Beesvi^ax — to work into Foundation or For Cash. Highest prices paid for wax especially if light lemon in color and from cappings. Agents all over the United States and in Foreign Countries. *-°GrZ.1d.'°- DADANT & SONS, c Agents for Michigan HAMILTON, ILLINOIS. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 439 The Best Time to Buy SUPPLIES The season just past has demonstrated more clearly than ever the necessity for being prepared for a honey-flow BEFORE it comes. If you wait until the season is upon you, the chances are that the greater part of the crop will be lost while you are impatiently waiting for supplies to arrive. It may seem a little early now to think of next season's honey harvest; but the fact of the matter is, this is just the time to order goods for next season. We are beginning now to replenish our stocks. We shall have carload orders coming from the factory very often for the next few weeks. Special orders placed now can have just the attention they need, both here and at the factory, and you may have your goods sent in one of our cars, thereby saving on transportation charges. Regular stock will come straight to you from our warehouse in new unbroken packages, and you can put the goods together in your odd minutes, thereby saving the expense of extra help in the spring. Our usual discounts for early orders apply again this season — six per cent for cash orders sent in October, the discount diminishing one per cent per month as the season advances. These discounts mean a considerable saving, and you might as well take advantage of the highest by ordering now. No change of prices has as yet been announced, and you may, therefore, order from your present catalog. If your catalog has been mislaid, write us at once and we will send another. If your season's crop of honey is not yet disposed of, we can give you a good price and handle it promptly. Send samples of extracted and full information as to containers, flavor, quantity, price, etc. We also handle comb honey. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. 2146 Central Avenue. CINCINNATI, OHIO. Honey For Sale Our efforts to bring buyer and seller together have been meeting with good success. Many buyers have reported to me their wants and these have been sent the names and addresses of beek-keepers having what they desired. The demand during October has been greater than during September, and I have had some calls I could not fill. One of these was for a cheap grade of baking honey. Another was for sweet clover comb honey. Would like to hear from buyers who can use western ertracted honey in car lots. The distance from the eastern markets really pre- vents shipment east being made in less than car lots. Write me your wants if a buyer, and tell me what you have for sale if a producer, and I will do my best to help you. E. B. TYRRELL, Sec, N. B. K. A., 230 Woodland Ave.. DETROIT, MICHIGAN 440 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW THE IMPROVED SCHAMU PATENT ROLLER ENTRANCE HIVE BOTTOM The Schamu Im- proved Patent Roller Entrance gives the bee-keeper several ap- pliances in one. It is compact, simple, eiTi- cient and inexpensive. It furnishes its own storage room, if the bee-keeper decides to remove one roller or another, so that there is never anything lost or get into the way in another part of the bee house. Here you have it all, complete bottom board, drone trap, feeder, ventilat- or, that saves lifting the hives when same are full of bees and honey. Shallow bottom for summer and a deep one for winter. The price is reasonable, being only a trifle more than the cost of a common alley drone trap, feeder, and ordinary bottom board. This invention affords comfort, profit and satisfac- tion, and one swarm saved when you are not with the bees, buys several bottom boards. When you consider that when the workers fly away, you not only lose your queen, but your honey crop as far as that hive is concerned. With the patent under your hives, if they do swarm out, they come back. All the bee-keeper loses is once in a while an old queen. At the end of the honey flow you have a fine crop of honey in your supers and lower chambers bubbling over with full grown bees and honey. Then introduce a young queen, say Aug. 1st, or when your honey crop is over, and your swarms will be ready for winter with plenty of stores young, vigorous queens and nearly all young bees. The three main essentials for wintering well. PRICE: $2.00 F. O. B., for Eight Frame Hive. Liverpool, N. Y. $2.50. F. O. B., for Ten Frame Hive. Liverpool, N. Y. Robber entrance bottom. They are going like hot eakes. Puyallup, Wash., Oct. 8th, 1912. Dear Dr.: I have just received the last Bottom Board you shipped me during our State fair, and will confess you have some- thing of value for the bee-keeper. I h a v c found in my trials of t h e different feeders, that the bottom is the best place to feed from; am satisfied to say that your Bottom Board will do all that is claimed by its inventor and more. Yours truly, T. W. Ware, ■ 5th St. N. W. ■<^'^9Br^ •"""•mbstv Sho^vlng space for dead bees in winter nionth»i, also space for feeding'. Address all communications to Dr. Charles G. Schamu Liverpool, N. Y. No. 50 No. 51 No. 52 No. 53 v.. Lower Prices on Glass Packages. I have been forced to change my arrangements regarding glass pack- ages. The Company we have been dealing with refused to fill our small orders. Claimed they couldn't afford to bother with them. Took the big orders all right but didn't want the small ones. So "Tyrrell and I" sat down and talked it over. Concluded the little bee-man had just as good right to low prices as the big one. Then I got busy and the result is That I have found another place to get our glass packages at a lower price than I got before. Yes, the quality is all right. Just as good as the others. In fact if I hadn't told you you wouldn't know but they were the same packages, except in the case of No. 53. The shape of this is different, but you will be pleased with it I am sure. Here are the new prices. Send in your orders. No. 50 Jar holds one pound of honey. Has tin screw cap. Packed in corrugated paper cases holding 2 dozen each, $3.60 per gross. Packed in crates, $3.10 per gross. No. 51 Jar holds % of a pound of honey. Has tin screw cap. Packed in corrugated paper cases holding 2 dozen each, $3.50 per gross. Packed in crates, $3.00 per gross. No. 52 Jellie holds half pound of honey. Tin cap. Packed in corru- gated paper cases holding 2 dozen each. $2.40 per gross. Packed in barrels holding 25 dozen each, barrel included, at $3.75 per barrel. No. 53 Queen Jellie holds half pound honey. Tin cap. A little differ- ent shape from illustration, but will please you. Packed in corrugated paper cases holding 4 dozen each at $2.40 per gross. Packed in barrels holding 25 dozen each, barrel included, at $3.75 per barrel. These prices f. o. b. Columbus, Ohio. To save freight no order should be sent in for less than one gross. Be sure and send in your orders in plenty of time, sending cash with order. These prices for members and subscribers only. The National Bee-Keepers* Association E. B. TYRRELL, Secretary, 230 Woodland Ave., DETROIT, MICH. J ROOT'S BEEKEEPERS SUPPLIES You may have a catalog of supplies; but if you haven't ours for 1912 you have missed something really worth while, and should get one at once. It is the largest and most complete ever published — more than a mere price list of supplies — a book that every beekeeper can read with pleasure and profit. Beginners will find answers to many perplexing questions, and ad- vanced beekeepers timely suggestions that will save them money. Old customers are writing us frequently letters like the following: Your catalog for 1912, designated ROOT'S BEEKEEPERS' SUPPLIES, is received, and I certainly thank you for this book. I have had your catalog on my desk for years, and have used Root's supplies all along. I note the enlargement and improve- ment in your new catalog, and notice many things I expect to add to my apiary. Crystal City, Texas. C. \V. Co.x. Our catalog this season also gives a full and complete list of books and booklets which we can supply. Many of these booklets are free, which doesn't mean that they are not worth read- ing, but simply that we want you to be informed on the subjects of which they treat. Send for a catalog, and check those in which you are interested. Quick Deliveries Next to having the best goods made, there is nothing so important to the beekeeper in the busy season as to have goods delivered just when they are wanted most. It isn't always possible to ship goods from a distant factory and have them reach destination within a day or two, as is sometimes necessary during the height of the season, but with distributing-houses located in the large shipping-centers we are able to supply beekeepers everywhere, with no loss of time and with minimum transportation charges. Send Your Hurry Orders to any one of the offices listed below, and let us show you what we can do for you in point of service. Cars are going to these branches at the rate of two or three a week, so the stocks are new and fresh, and we usually have just what you want. If it isn't in stock at your nearest branch our manager will include your order with his specifications and you may have your goods come in the next car, thereby saving on transportation charges and getting the goods in better shape than you would by local freight. Whatever Your Wants we can supply you, and, of course, there is no question about the quality of our goods. Ihe name "ROOT" in connection with bee-supplies means the best of every thing in this line, and the best is always the cheapest, as our customers will testify. If you have never used our supplies you should make a trial of them this season. Once used, we are sure you will want no other. I have just received my goods, order No. 10,739. I am more than pleased with them. I had intended to make my hives, but when I received the sample hive and saw the No. 1 pine lumber from which it was made, and considering the vi-orkmanship, I am satisfied I can buy cheaper than ^ can make them; enough cheaper to save the price of the lumber. - O. C. Mills, Barton Ldg., Vt. BRANCH OFFICES Wew Tork, 139-141 Franklin St. Chicag-o, 213-231 Institute Place Philadelphia, 8-10 Tine St. Des Moines, 5G5 W. Seventh St. St. Paul, 1024 Mississippi St. Syracuse, 1631 Genesee St. ■Washington, 1100 Maryland Ave. S-W. Mechanic Falls, Maine Distributing- Depots in Many Iiarg-e Centers The A. I. Root Company Executive Offices and Factory MEDINA, OHIO THE CHAS. F. MAY CO.. PRINTERS, DETROIT, MICH. u^^tm0' mim PttblishGd Mont% DEC 1912 "w yr ^ DETROIT MICHIGAN ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR Going to buy ?^ a Motor Car? Then you want to know about the Cartercar— First of all bear in mind that the Cartercar is not a gear car! It has no gears and none of the gear drawbacks. The usual complicated gear trans- mission is replaced by the patentet\ Friction Transmission. This ha? only two unit parts — making the Cartercar far more reliable and eas- ier to drive. And besides, the Cartercar will easily cHmb a 50% grade with a fuh load. It will also run thru mud and sand where other cars are helpless. The reason is simple — because there is no waste power — no weakening of the drive through ten or twelve in- tricate gears. y\nd you have an unlimited number of speeds, from nothing up to about forty or fifty miles per hour. Com- pare this with the three forward and one reverse of the gear ma- chine. Then, with the three independent systems of brakes, the Cartercar is safe at all times for ladies and young or old people to drive. The very simple construction and easy control make the Cartercar delight- ful for everyone to drive. And this Friction Transmission prevents jerks and jars. Think what this means to the occupants of the car — and also what it will mean on your tire bills. Some Car- tercar owners say the tire cost is about half what other cars require. Here are facts that deserve your serious consideration. If they are true then you cannot afford to owa any other car — and we will just be delighted to prove every word. Write for catalog and address of nearest agent. Cartercar Company Pontiac, Michigan BRANCHES: NEW VOBK, CHICAGO, DETROIT, KANSAS CITV. THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 441 Perfect Rendering of Wax From Old Comb and Cappings has always been a serious stumbling block for the bee-keeper. We have overcome this obstacle by installing a mighty Hydraulic Press, which extracts every particle of wax from the slumgum. Our charge for rendering is 5c a lb., and we pay you the highest market price, remitting the day after rendering. Our process^extracting all the wax — more than pays the charges, and leaves you a greater profit than you expected, besides relieving you of that messy and unsatisfactory job of rendering. Barrel up your old comb and cappings and let us surprise you, as we have the many who have already shipped theirs. We need great quantities of Comb and Extracted Honey. Wri'e us. The FRED W. MUTH CO. "The Busy Bee Men" 204 Walnut St. CINCINNATI, O. We have arranged to furnish our members with white sweet clover seed which can be guaranteed absolutely fresh and clean. You will be certain of buying seed that will grow if you get it from us. At the present time we are furnishing the unhulled seed only. This is exactly as good for seeding purposes but is a little more bulky than the hulled. To members and subscribers the following prices will hold until further notice: By express f. o. b. Boulder, Colorado, 10 lbs., $1.25; 25 lbs., $3.10; 50 or more lbs., lie per lb. All orders must be sent to this office, accompanied by the cash. The National Bee-Keepers* Association, 230, Woodland Ave., DETROIT, MICHIGAN 442 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW £Qa3 3 5) 3:'": .o . -I .< o * Z -a . „ > ifl-CJ z > *-- ^- O ■ a a O O ^ W •otj d V) QJ' O !/1 b- " u £i ■ « oZ •a M . t: Oh sS • CO .CO ■■CO [J S . . K* t: .. u a: > J3 K 5 O CL O Be- a. p^ O 2 *^^ « ? ■> 2.2 (ESTABLISHED 1888) OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION Office OF Publication - - - 230 Woodlan o Aven ue VOL. XXV. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, DECEMBER 1, 1912. No. 12 1 More Mendelism, in Answer to Dr. Bonney. PENN G. SNYDER. FEAR I will be compelled to take issue with Dr. Bonney, pages 406-7, in reference to Mendelism. According to my light your diagram should read : Toll I>;varf "^all fiybiid 1st. Feneration. Self fertilized yields on an averape from every 4 seeds the following;- I r I 2ni. T T Tip D T D 11 4 n* ■Ar Tf tI tB dt in tI td of dI ifc ift dB Sd .lerenat-.on. In the diagram the 6 TT's and the 6DD's will breed true, the TD's and DT's will produce the same result as the second genera- tion to wit: 1 Tall or TT, 1 Dwarf or DD, and 3 TD's or hybrids. The TD's and DT's will forever and ever produce the same formula if self-fertilized or fertilized by another flower having the same blood construction. 444 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW THIS IS Mi:irDi:i.'s i.aw. The following, with diagram, providing the black coloring mat- ter is dominant* will give some idea of the value of Mendel's Law in reference to the breeding of bees : Blacli Drone Italian_Virgin First and second year queen mother. Pequeen all hives \7ith daughters of this queen. These queens are t(b be the mothers of the drones for the comins season. It makes no difference what they mate with. The queens shpuld show all "black, yet they ore really by blood strain *• black ar.d -5 Ital- ian. Both drones and virgins are of the same blood strain. Black \ yet they appear to be blacj-s in looks. Dominence means that if in mating two (2) strains or races, if the issue resembles one parent to the exclusion of the other, that parent would be dominant, but the hidden or recessive character will show itself in the following generation : This will give the issue of three generations of crosses, begin- ning with a pure black drone and a pure Italian virgin. Cross of pure Italian virgin to black drones earl}^ in the season. From the mated queen produce a sufficient number of virgins to re-queen all your colonies with the exception of the hive containing the first queen crossed. Next season trap down the drones from this colony, and you will have nothing but drones from the daughters of the first queen crossed flying from your yard. This season you will again use the first queen crossed to pro- duce your virgins, which will mate with the drones from the daugh- ters of the queen used for breeding last season ; both the virgin and the drones are of the same blood strain. Now comes the queer part, the Alendel part, the issue of the last matings will be, out of every four (4) eggs : *It has not so far been satisfactoril}- demonstrated that either black or yellow is dominant in the races of bees, so the above proviso. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 445 1 A pvire Italian worker, virgin or drone. 1 A pure black worker, virgin or drone. 3 An even mixture of each in blood, but by looks black. In other words, out of every four (4) bees produced, irrespec- tive of what gender they may be, you will have in looks 3 blacks to 1 Italian. So you see out of crossed stock comes pure as well as hybrid ; it may sound odd and unreasonable, yet it is a fact. Change any of the above matings, and you will have a different variation or combination of the two (2) colors, black and yellow. You can now readily see how a queen can throw drones of one strain and workers or virgins from another in almost any percent- age desired, providing you can mate as is necessary. Now I distinctly wish my readers to understand that the above description is right and a fact, with the exception that black is not so far considered the dominant factor. I personally believe the Italian race to be impure as a race; my reasons are the following: From imported Italian queens you will receive some queens that will throw very dark workers, or sometimes better than three (3) bands yellow. Their drones will run from practically all black to almost any proportion showing yellow markings. Would this be called a pure race in au}^ other variety of stock? I question it very much. Swarthmore Apiaries, Swarthmore, Pa. Some New Methods of Winter Protection. WESLEY FOSTER. ONDITIONS have changed iJ ^ Quite radicallv in the %J ^ quite radically in west during the last few years. Many of the older irri- gated districts are now infested [ with sunflowers, rosin weed | and other weeds that furnish a dark, inferior honey in the fall. This honey candies quick- ly and is the cause of a large per cent of the winter losses and spring dwindling. Under the old conditions, when the honey was alfalfa and sweet Cover-Board for Wintering, Used by J. C. Matthews. 446 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW The Super of Leaves is Satisfactory if the Winter is not Severe. clover, and a good fall flow was to be had, all the winter protection needed was the cover and perhaps contraction of the entrance. The majority of western bee-men still give no protection, but the losses of the past few seasons have changed this and a large number are protecting their colonies in various ways. Supers filled with leaves is one method. Another way is to use the queen excluder honey board, with the queen excluder removed for ventilation purposes. This gives the bees upward ventilation, but no protection to speak of in any other way. These methods are concerned only with the protection of the top of the hive. ]\Ir. Robert Stites, of ^Montrose, makes a bottom board of floor- ing obout four inches larger than the outside of the hives each way. Then over the hi\e he slips an outer case. This gives a space about two and a half inches wide all around the hive that may be filled with dry sawdust or other substances like leaves and shavings. Mr. Stites is using dry horse manure. ]\lr. J. C. ^Matthews, also of Montrose, has a cover board (like illustration) which gives an ample clustering space over the frames, which he claims gives valuable protection to the bees. The bees cluster in this space over the frames, and the leaves placed above absorb whatever vapor is given off. The frame or 1)oard is made of inch stuff, four or five-inch wide. On an 8-frame hive this gives a THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 447 space about six inches wide and ten inches long, and an inch deep over the frames. This cover protection board is placed inside the super, and bur- lap or leaves placed therein. The space in the iDoard is covered with screen wire to keep the bees from getting up into the super. Boulder, Colo. The Colorado Grading Rules Criticised. R. B. SLEASE. ' *J|HAVE been looking ever since the new Colorado Grading Jl Rules were published for them to be severely criticised, but so far have seen nothing. Do all of our bee-keepers want to put up a poorer grade of comb honey than they have in the past? If not, then we must condemn the new grading rules. The Colorado grading rules last year were the best we have ever had. and they only lack one grade of covering all comb honey, and that was a fancy grade which, if I understand honey grading, they failed to get in their new rules. Their new rule for fancy is all right, except it should read: "All cells sealed, including the row next the wood, and weigh not The Honey Board Inner Cover as a Winter Protection. Vapor Passes Off Through the Escape Hole. 448 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW less than 14}^ ounces." But when it comes to lowering our No. 1 grade by picking out all the nicest combs for fancy, and still have our really fancy honey left out with no grade for it, I think we are making a mistake. Then again, when we pick all the best out of our No. 2, to make that "choice grade" and allow sections with still more unsealed cells to make up our No. 2, it is scarcely above the cull pile. I, for one, believe in holding our grades fully as high as they have been, and keeping the old Colorado grading rules with a really fancy grade added. Any thing not good enough for those rules should be extracted and used for baits, or cut out, mashed up, and let drain through un- capping can, or some similar vessel. Let us work for a higher standard of honey, as well as bee-keeping. Roswell, N. M. Some Good Sized Runaway Swarms. G. FRANK PEASE. A Runaway Swarm Caught. ' ■!! AM sending you some jl photos to put in the Rv:- viEW if you see fit. No. 1 is of a swarm that I chased two and one-half miles and brought home on a stick with a cloth wound around them. They have paid me several dollars for my trouble and they made me run, too ! In the photo is one of my combination covers ; one of glass, and the other of tin. Two 8x10 glass in a frame makes a cover from which I can tell the condition of a swarm at a glance by remov- ing the tin cover. The big (No. 2) swarm was another runaway that led me to a stray swarm, which it finally united with. On top of this is a home- made smoker of copper. The bellows are from a Clark cold-blast smoker. The other THE BF.F- KEEPERS' REVIEW 449 Two Runaway Swarms United to Make ttiis Mass of Bees. swarm, (No. 3) was taken from the top of a building-, and was part of three swarms, a general rnixup. Marshall, Mich. The Central Comb-Honey Packing Station. WESLEY FOSTER. ^^^ HE article with the above heading, which appeared in the \Sj October Review, has had a quicker response than I antici- pated. Nearly every large producer with whom I have talked has spoken very favorably of it. The opinion is that it must be put in operation next season. Some modification in my suggestions will doubtless be made; for instance, the producers at some places will scrape and clean their own sections, and then haul them in the supers (with separa- tors removed), to the central packing station. In other places the plan may simply resolve itself into a plan of having an official grader go from one producer's packing room to another, and pack the honey there. There are certain strong points which are included in my first article that should not be lost sight of. One is that there is about as much trouble in getting the growers to thoroughly clean the sec- tions as there is in getting them to properly grade the honey. For this reason I would favor the cleaning of the sections under the direct supervision of the official grader-packer. 450 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW A High Climb for These Fellows, but They Are Worth It. Another difficulty will be encountered if the plan of the grader going to each producer's shop, and grading there, is adopted. The producers as a general rule have not adequate facilities for rapid and accurate work. The grader will be hampered for lack of room and lighting. For these reasons the selection of a large empty store room on switch if possible, will work out better in the end. The official grader can have things arranged very nearly as he wants them un- der these conditions. There is more trouble over grading comb honey than in all other bee operations — in the west at least. If the Association does the grading through an official corps of graders, then the producer has a heavy weight lifted from his mind and shoulders. The results will be satisfaction to the buyer, Association and pro- ducer. It is my opinion that the plan will be a money saver to the producer, because he can have his grading and cleaning done cheaper than he can hire it done. It will cost him less for shipping cases and having them nailed up. Shipping 1,250 cases in the flat to the packing station will save in freight and cartage ; and having them all nailed up at once will reduce the expense of putting them together. The official grader cannot be a bee-keeper, because he will have to begin the packing of honey about July 15th each season. There may be some difficulty in getting the producers to bring in their honey promptly. But the relieving them from scraping and pack- ing honey and nailing up shipping cases will greatly aid the pro- ducer in hauling his honey to the station as fast as produced. This THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 451 will be one of the most valuable fea- .t u r e s. It will make possible the marketing of comb honey from tw^o weeks to a month earlier than is now done, and in some instances this plan would hasten the prep- aration of a car of honey for market by two months. Boulder. Colo. For Testing the Percent of Water [See Editorial Depai tmeni.\ in Honey. [Photo by Toivnsend.\ A Beginner's Transferring Experience. A. C. AMES. •V^ U RI X'G May. of 1909, a swarm of bees settled on one of the JJJ/ maple trees in front of my residence. Until that time I had never given bees a thought. I w^ent to the phone and called a man whom I had bought honey from and told him that if he would come and get them he was welcome to them. He said he had sold his bees, but would bring a hive down and get them. He brought an old box hive and put the bees in it. Then he said he did not care for them, and gave them to my 12-year- old brother. That winter I bought them, and got a few l^ee books and subscribed for all the bee journals, and began to study bees. I did not attempt to trans- fer them that summer. They cast a swarm and I hived that in a modern hive. The next spring I began to think of transferring them, so T read Master Wilburn Withrow, Buffalo, III., 7 Years Old and the Youngest Member of the National Association in the World. 452 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW all I could find on the subject, but did not find anything that just suited me, but I acted partly on what I read. I took the old colony and turned it bottom side up. I found the bottom rather rotten, and I knocked it ofif and closed up the old entrance which was now at the top of the hive. I then took a reg- ular bottom board and cut a hole about six inches square in it. This I put on the box hive and put a dove-tailed body, on top of it. I put two combs and eight frames of foundation in the. hive body on top. I left it this way a few days until the bees became familiar with their new entrance, and the colony was strong in bees. I then put a super board between the old hive and the bottom board, and bored an inch auger hole through the back of the old hive as near the bottom board as I could. The old bees all returned to their old entrance and were quartered in the new body on top. The next day I gave them a ripe cell, and in less than two weeks they had a laying queen. I now removed them to a new location, and in a short time they built up to a good strong colony. Return- ing to the old hive I removed the super board and turned the bot- tom board end for end. and replaced it on the hive. I then put an- other body on top and closed up the auger hole entrance. The bees soon learned the new entrance which, they had above. I repeated the same proceeding again as soon as they became strong, which was in about four weeks. In the above way I took two colonies from the box hive and still had the original queen left in the box hive. I wintered them the winter of 1910-'ll with the entrance at the very top of their hive, and they came through in better shape than any of the other ten colonies, which were thoroughly packed and protected. I did not expect they would live until spring. The spring of 1911 I decided I would take them out of the box and get it out of the yard, so when they became strong I set a body on top of the old hive and put the bottom board, with the hole in it, on top of all, with a cover on top of that. I put four old brood combs into the top body and six frames of foundation. On examination two weeks later I found the queen and brood in the body on top. I then placed a queen excluder be- tween the old hive and the new. In three weeks I removed the old box from the yard, having three colonies from it and finally trans- ferring the original colony from it to a modern hive. I do not claim the foregoing is original, but I never knew of anyone applying it as I did. It certainly gave me good results. Peninsula, Ohio. Have You Elected Your Delegate for the Cincinnati Convention, February 12th and 13th? J THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 453 Published Monthly E. B. TYRRELL, Managing Editor. Office — 230 JVoodland Ave., Detroit, Michigan Associate Editors: E. D. TOVVNSEND, Northstar, Mich. WESLEY FOSTER, Boulder, Colo. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post office at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Ha- waiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. Discontinuances — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. Advertising- rates on application. EDITORIAL National Convention. Cincinnati, Ohio, Feb. ISth and 13th. We have tried hard the past year to give you a Review that would please you. We shall try to give you an even better one dur- ing 1913. We appreciate the support given us by the subscribers and advertisers, and thank you for the same. The year 1912 has marked an important epoch in the history of the Review and the National Bee-Keepers' Association. It has been one of adjustment to the new conditions. Our progress has been such that we surely can enjoy a ''Merry Christmas," and the Re- view hopes that each of its readers can say the same. We wish you, one and all, a "Merry Christmas." Co-Operation. If one bee-keeper should place an order with his supply dealer for say 100 bee hives, nothing particular would be thought of the transaction, for it would be of an every-day occurrence. But if one were to inquire what the same dealer would furnish 2,000 hives for, he would "sit up and think," this being a much larger order than the regular, and fearing some other firm would under-quote him, a very close price would be the result. Two thousand hives would be rather more than would be needed by a single individual, but it would be a common occurrence that twenty bee-keepers would need a hundred hives each. If the twenty would "get their heads to- 454 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW gether" and buy collectively, two thousand hives at the low two thousand rate, then divide them among themselves, that would be co-operation. Food for thought! — Townsf.nd. The Bee-Keeper's Automobile. The bee-man may now rest somewhat from his busy summer rush, and begin to plan for the coming season. In his search for more successful operation and time-saving, the automobile will prob- ably have a large place in his thought. It is the desire of the Rex'iew and the National Association to help in every way possible, and these suggestions are given from the experiences and observa- tion of a score or more of bee-men who now have automobiles. The bee-keeper cannot afford a big car, say weighing- from 2,500 to 3,500 lbs. The tire expense and maintenance on such cars runs up to fifty and seventy-five dollars a month. A light car, weighing under 1,500 lbs., will have but half the expense for tires, and will go twice as far on a gallon of gasoline. Parts cost less and the cost of operation, tires included, will be less than $10 a month, if no bad accidents are incurred. A bee-man who has five hundred colonies should be able to carry 750 lbs. at a load, and any well-built car weighing IJ^OO to 1,500 lbs. will carry this much. A box, quickly removable, so the car may be used for pleasure, is something no bee-keeper should neglect. The enjoyment of an evening's ride with all the family is as important as hauling in thirty-five or forty filled supers of honey. And so the bee-man's car must be a combination car. If your family is small, a three- passenger car will do, otherwise a five-passenger car will be needed. The roadsters, some of them, are built so that the rear seat for one person may be taken oft' and a body for carrying loads put on in a very few minutes. A number of bee-keepers have considered buying a ton truck; such a car is useful in moving bees, but the extra cost of running such a car when no load of consequence is hauled, would pay for the hiring of wagons or an auto truck to do this hauling. For out-apiary work, many bee-men feel that an auto is too ex- pensive and that hiring the hauling done is cheaper. Some of these use a motor cycle for going to and from their out-yards. In these cases complete equipment has to be kept in each yard. The Colorado branch plans to have an automobile session, and we hope to have dift'erent dealers show their cars. This, with the suggestions of bee-keeper auto owners, will be very valuable to pros- pective purchasers. ^^ • F. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 455 A Course in Bee-Keeping at Massachusetts Agricultural College. We wish to call attention of bee-keepers to the opportunities offered by the Extension Service of the Massachusetts Agricultural College, in the ten weeks' course, beginning January 6, 1913. A course in bee-keeping is designed which will be a general practical survey of the maintenance of bees, not only for their products, but as an adjunct to modern agriculture. Special effort will be made to correlate the subject with the various phases of horticulture. namely, fruit growing, cranberry culture, market gardening and greenhouse crops. Particular emphasis will be laid upon the most recent and approved appliances and systems of m.anipulation. The fine collection of appliances of the college will give exceptional opportunity to the serious apiculturist. For further information apply to the director of the Extension Service. ]\1. A. C. Amherst. ]^lassachusetts. How Parcels Post Affects Sending Samples of Honey by Mail. On January 1st. 1913, our new Parcel Post will go into effect. Samples of honey, or for that matter any merchandise, will be trans- mitted through the mail up to 4 ozs. at a cent an ounce postage anywhere in the I . S. Larger packages up to 11 pounds will be admissible on the "zone" system. In ordering your sample mailing cases for honey, buy the half-ounce bottle and case. This size bottle and case, when filled with honey ready for mailing, weighs just a little scant of 4 ounces and is a desirable size to use under the new law. I was reminded of this when our last 100 cases arrived con- taining a full ounce bottle, which, when filled with honey ready for mailing, weighs 5 ounces, which puts them in the "zone" class, which is not so convenient and cheap as the present system on this size of package. Bottles hold nearly twice as much honey as they are marked, i. c, the half-ounce bottle holds nearly an ounce of honev and is the size most in use. — Townsend. Get Together and Co-operate. Local and county bee-keepers" associations have difficulty in keeping up a semblance of life. Those associations have been most uniformly successful that have looked after the financial interests of their members insofar as possible. At this season of the year it is possible to revive interest by getting" up orders for bee supplies and saving money not only by the size of the orders, but also by ship- ping in larger quantities and saving in freight. Many of the local 456 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW associations can order bee goods by the carload. Where the local secretary is able to put in the time necessary for getting the money and orders together, much benefit will accrue to the membership. In these cases the secretary should be paid wages for his time. If the local members have not all cash, it is advisable to take up the financing with the local bankers. Cars of bee supplies have been bought — the bank taking the accounts receiving interest on the same till the honey crop is ofif and sold. I would urge every local, county, and state association to take up through your secretaries the purchase of supplies co-operatively. Instruct your secretaries to take up this matter with Secretary Tyr- rell. He can give you many suggestions of value, and can easily help you in saving several hundred dollars on a car of bee goods. W. F. Be a Booster. You are all acquainted with the fellow who sets on a goods box in front of the local store and spins yarns about things of small import. He tells you his town is ''on the hummer," there is nothing doing, the poorest place to buy things, etc., in the state. You will notice that in all his "bluster" he will not tell you ivhcre the better town is, for he is a natural born "knocker." Be a booster. It will not cost you a cent to tell of the good things of your town, forgetting the things you disapprove of, for every time you speak good or evil of your town and its people, either a good or bad impression is spread broadcast. Brother, we would like a good word from you to your neighbor bee-keeper about the National. If you cannot say a good word, say as good a word as you can, then, if you think there is something wrong in the management of the National Association, write me your thought, and suggest any improvement or change you think would make the National of more benefit to the members, and I assure you that every suggestion will be considered. Write today. In approaching a prospective member, say to him WE are try- ing to build up the National so it will be the largest and best asso- ciation on earth ; that the management has done something for the members in a financial way in the past and will promise to do ninre during 1913 than any previous year. Then there is the social feature. Bring him with you to our state meetings. Get him interested in the Association, then he, too. some day will be a "booster." The National has never in the past had the support of more than about one per cent, of the available material. It is so with all farm associations, about one in each hundred belonging to any of THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 457 their organizations. Wh}- it is so is a conundrum. Do you know that the business world "smiles" with satisfaction at this indiffer- ence among- ruralists. Whv ! — Towxsend. Concerning Grading Rules. The Colorado Grading Rules do not admit a dark colored honey or a dark colored comb finish to any of the grades. Number 2 honey cannot be any darker than amber. The specifications for the choice grade are the same. The question now is : should all dark colored honey and combs be excluded from the grades? A place for dark honey and combs should be made in the grades as there are honeys of good quality and filling that should have a grade classification. Before the National adopts the Colorado rules, or au}^ others, this must be considered. In grading honey according to the rules as they now are, it is advisable and almost mandatory to have three or four cases for each of the grades but the fancy. By having three or four cases, combs of like finish and shade can be packed together. The result of such packing is certainly a delight to the eye. A case of honey graded in this manner will present no opportunity for the customers sorting over the combs in a case and picking out the best ones. No choice will be possible for all will be equally good. This will be gratifying to the retail dealer, as he will not have a half dozen poor quality sections left in a case that are unsaleable from having been handled over and over again by customers. ]\Iany honey producers speak to me of the greater difficulty in grading the new way. It is more difficult till once learned, but when the mind is once accustomed to judging by the new standards, the work is easy. — W. F. What Does the Dealer Make? Comb honey costs the dealer right around $3.00 a case for west- ern comb honey of the No. 2 grade delivered at his station in the central states. For the No. 1 grades the cost is close to $3.2.5. There have been a few cases where a little more money has been paid. The dealers' prices as given in the honey column of the bee journals range from twelve cents up. There is a practice almost universal among dealers, and that is the re-grading of all honey that comes to their hand. From west- ern honev that is graded choice and No. 1, much Fancy honey is made. The average price for Fancy would probably be about $4 a case. It is probably within the facts to say that the dealer makes 458 THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW T5c on every case of honey he handles. From this he has to pay cartage and all other operating expenses. The greatest need of the comb honey producer is to find out how the dealer wants the honey graded and put it up that way so that the re-grading will not be necessary. The producer receives less for his honey by 15c to '^oc a case on account of this re-grading being necessarv. ^^'. F. The Storage in Transit Privilege. Several hundred cars of honey, com)) and extracted, are shipped from the west and south to the northern and eastern markets. The west and south is the source of the shipping honey of the country. This is the honey that determines the market. An intelligent dis- tribution of this honey is essential to a steady market condition. There is not too much honey produced in this country in the best of seasons. With the present unsystematic hit-or-miss method the producers are receiving from one to three cents a pound less than they would receive with a careful distribution of cars of honey in the large markets, as is done with oranges, lemons, etc. One of the greatest moves for more elasticity in the methods of distribution is the storage in transit privilege. It is this: 1 ship a car of honey from Colorado to Chicago. After that honey reaches Chicago it develops that Buffalo presents a better market for this honey than Chicago. I load the honey and re-ship to Buffalo and pay the rate from Colorado to Buffalo, plus the switching and ware- house charges. The storage in transit privilege is enjoyed by the shippers of grain, lumber and coal on all trans-continental lines. The apple shippers are working hard for the privilege, and there is no reason why honey should not have equal advantages with apples. This is a matter for all honey buyers, bee-hive manufacturers, honey producers and every bee-keepers" association, state and Na- tional, to take up and work together on. It can doubtless be se- cured, but it will cost something and will require hard and intelli- gent work. \\ . F. Subscribers Don't Seem to Understand That 50c, in Addition to Their Subscription to the Review Gives Them Full National and Branch Benefits. Some members of the National Association have wondered why they did not get the Review. Some understood that when the Na- tional Association purchased the Review it would be sent free to all THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW , 459 the members. But the postoffice laws made that impossible unless the member had subscribed and had sent in his remittance as a sub- scription remittance. Now please remember that the Directors want each member to receive the Rev'IEW each month. So when they found that a sub- scription was necessary they passed a resolution so that every mem- ber sending in his dollar as subscription could obtain full National membership as well as full Branch membership by paying another 50c to some National Branch. An amendment to the constitution is proposed for the delegates' consideration at Cincinnati in Feb- ruary, which if passed will make this resolution a part of the con- stitution. It will mean that full National membership can be had by paying the Branch membership fee. But as all important no- tices and reports will be published in the Rf.niew, each member to get them would also want to be a subscriber, which would cost a dollar more. That makes a total of $1.."')0 for National and Branch membership as well as a subscription to the Review for a year. You can see by this, as we are now following the above plan — and will follow it at least until the delegates decide we mustn't — that every subscriber to the Review can secure full National benefits if he will unite with one of the National Branches by paying his 50c more. These Branches are listed in each issue of the Review, and the secretary of each is given. Send your 50c to the secretary of the nearest Branch to you and you will get an official receipt show- ing full National and Branch membership. Likewise, all who are now members of the National will get the Rex'iew as soon as they renew membership, if they will send in the dollar as subscription and the ode as membership. This $1.50 can be sent to the secretary of some National Branch, or it can all be sent here, or $1.00 can be sent here and 50c sent to the Branch. There is no reason why every subscril)er should not be a Na- tional member through some National Branch, and there is no rea- son why every National member should not be a subscriber to the Review, and thus not only help finance the National work, but get a publication worth every cent of your dollar, and which will keep you in close touch with what is going on in the way of organization work. The High Cost of Living. There seems to be a universal complaint of the high cost of liv- ing. There is no doubt but what the main cause of the excessive price of rural products is that 4^9f of our population have taken up their abode in the city, awa}' from the producing district, thus be- coming consumers instead of producers, from the standpoint of food production. 460 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW While it is a fact that food products are high in price when leaving the hands of the producer, they seem unreasonably so when purchased by the consumer. Having been on both sides of the counter, having been somewhat of a middle-man myself, I am in a mood to sympathize with them as well as the producer. I want to say that it is not the middle-man so much as the system of selling that is to blame for prices soaring so high at retail. The producer himself has brought this condition about, unconsciously without a doubt, but surely nevertheless. Let us see. By hard study and years of practice we have learned to produce a crop of honey "of quality," and all these years have hardly given a thought to the big end, that of selling our crop of honey to the best advantage, but instead have shipped it off in a lump, perhaps, employing some one else to really do the selling. Then he in turn perhaps re-sells to some bottler who puts it into high priced glass, (if extracted honey). Then the bottler sells to the wholesaler and he to the retailer, then the retailer to the consumer. Is it any won- der our white extracted honey sells to the consumer at from 25 to 30 cents per pound, after going through so many hands, and no doubt being shipped several different times before reaching the consumer? It is a wonderful system, the mercantile — -each charging only what is known as a "legitimate profits," but the several "legitimate profits" many times aggregate more than the original cost of the product. It is hardly necessary for me to mention the remedy. Simply sell your product as nearly direct to the consumer as possible, pock- eting say the retailer's profit, and by so doing, sell to the consumer for about half what he is paying for his hone3'' with the present method of selling. There are several ways that the producer can reach the con- sumer direct, but I will not mention them at this time, but instead I will ask some of the readers who have made a success of selling direct to the consumer, to describe their dift'erent methods of selling for the columns of the Review. This I consider a live subject, and I think it desirable to pub- lish at least one article each month during next winter along this line. — TowxsEXD. Testing Honey By the Use of a Hydrometer. Were one to offer for sale honey containing more than 25% water, it would be considered adulterated, according to an act of Congress known as Food and Drug Act, June 30, 190fi. When a crop of extracted honey is left upon the hive, and all extracted at one time, and that time a week or ten days after the THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 461 flow has ceased to produce, no hydrometer test will be necessary to assure one that their honey will stand the test as far as the percent of water is concerned. There was a time, however, when the writer used to throw out honey without much thought about quality. At that time there was some little excuse for so doing, for be it known, the production of extracted honey was then in its infancy. At that time but little had been written upon the subject of quality; all, seemingly, were bent upon the one subject, quantity, without a thought of quality. At the present enlightened period, when so much has been writ- ten upon the subject of a "better extracted honey," a producer is almost a criminal who will deliberately extract honey in the "green"' stage and offer it to an unsuspecting public for table use. We used to have bees in a location where some aster honey was produced. The aster produces hone}^ late in the fall, or until killed by frost. The cold, damp period of early fall we found a very poor time for bees to ripen honey. The lightest bodied honey we have produced in years was this aster, some of it testing as high as 22% water, by hydrometer test. This and similar honeys are always sold by sample to the bakers. At the price the baker pays us for our inferior honey, we sell with a clear conscience, knowing that if the honey is rather light in body, the price does not pay for more than the solids it contains. If the reader will turn to page -iol, the half-tone will show^ the hydrometer at the right, leaning against the graduate, while the tested thermometer stands inside. The "spindle" is simplicity itself. The extracted honey producer knows how thick and heavy bodied honey gets when cold, also how it thins up when hot. This hydro- meter is made under a formula furnished by the food department at \\'ashington, consequently is official. Hozu to Use the Hydrometer — The honey to be tested is heated to 160° F. It is a gravity spindle, being "loaded" with shot at the lower end, the heavier the body the honey being tested the less the spindle will sink. The reading is at the surface of the honey and is the percent of water the sample contains. The tank shown, with its two cells, one of which is removed to show the manner of construction, is made of tin. The cells are three inches in diameter, and about eleven inches deep, and are to hold and heat the honey while testing. The tank is large enough so we can heat two cells at a time. The heating is done by pouring hot water from a tea kettle in the tank, around the cells. Care should be taken that the honey be exactly 165° when testing. We use the glass thermometer shown in the graduate for a stir- ring rod. With your thermometer as a guide, place your meter in a temperature of 165° for several minutes before using, for, were 462 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW the meter of a different temperature than the honey (165°) being tested, it would etTect the temperature of the honey, and the test would not be correct. Eimer & Amend, 20o-211 Third Avenue, New York. X. Y.. made ours. They are the people who make the hydrometers for the government at Washington, so their meters ought to be authentic. The price is $l.oO. the purchaser paying the express. These people are verv prompt ; my order was in only fourteen months before it was filled — ha ! ha ! E. D. T. California Bee-Keepers Have Secured a Novel Exhibit for the Panama-California Exposition. (The following matter is sent you by the Pubhcity Department of the Panama- California Exposition, and may be used wholly or in part, at any time to suit your convenience. Wixfield Hogaboom, Director of Publicity.) Among the many unique feattu^es of the Panama-California Exposition in San Diego, there is being planned an open air bee- keeping exhibit to be installed on the exposition grounds, where there will be ftdly ecjuipped apiary with honey house, extractor and tanks with everything necessary to illustrate just how bees are managed, and how all of the operations attendant upon the produc- tion and reomval. packing and shipping of honey are carried on. The exhibit will also include a comb honey apiary and a queen bee rearing department, containing representatives of all of the varieties of bees of commercial importance and the methods employed in raising and introducing the improved strains of honey gatherers. The idea of such an exhibit is the outcome of recent meetings of the honey producers of Southern California, notably of San Diego countv. where it was thought that a more widely disseminated knowledge of the advantages of California as a bee-raising country would prove of profit to those who are seeking fresh fields and pastures new for legitimate enterprise requiring limited capital, as well as of educational advantages to those already engaged in the business. Professor Ralph Benton, of the University of California, and J. W. Ferree, president of the California State Bee-Keepers' Asso- ciation, visited San Diego recently, and after looking over the exposition site, decided that in view of the fact that the big fair in 1915 will be held in a natural park of 1,400 acres, filled with wild flowers and honey-producing plants, that a well-selected sec- tion in one of the canyons and high ground adjoining would prove a splendid site for a bee-keeping exhibit. THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW ^3 A novel feature of this exhil)it will l)e plats of all the cultivated honev plants growing. The canyon will be utilited in producing a natural mountain honey range with all the native wild honey plants so famous in California growing and in full bloom, yielding their nectar to the energetic little creatures whose business in life is to lav up sweetness. This feature is the idea of John S. Harbison, the veteran bee king of California, who brought the first bees to Cali- fornia bv way of the Isthmus of Panama in 1S."3;. In view of the fact that the San Diego Exposition will celebrate the opening of the Panama Canal in 1U15, Mr. Harbison con-^idered it quite appro- priate that a bee and honey-raising exhibit be installed in San Diego. It will Ije the largest and most complete the world has ever seen. What the Trouble Is With the Producers! The banks in the west charge as much as twelve per cent, in- terest on farmers' notes. Farm mortgages run about S to 10 '^/r . Irrigated land is held at $100 to $30U an acre. Raw land suitable for fruit growing and under some irrigation system sells for $150 to $250 an acre without the water, which amounts to $50 to $T5 an acre more. One hundred and fifty to ^OO bushels of potatoes and 500 to 1.000 bushels of onions are harvested from land suitable for growing these crops. 300 to 500 boxes of apples to the acre of orchard is con- sidered a good crop from a bearing orchard. Three to five tons of alfalfa hay to the acre is about what is harvested of this legume. Crops have been good this year, but the market is all "shot to pieces." Little sale is had for prodtice, and a sliortage of cars at non-competitive points makes conditions chaotic. Potatoes are worth fort}' to fifty cents a hundred pounds and sacks cost nine and ten cents in quantities. Onions are worth sixty to sixty-five a hun- dred when there is sale for them. The potato growers paid $2 to $2.50 per hundred for seed, and onion seed cost $0 to $4 a pound. Alfalfa hay is worth from $6 to $8 in the stack and retails in town when baled at $18 per ton. Stock growing right now is the most profitable rural occupation, but there are troubles for the cattleman too. The peach and apple growers have suffered the most severe losses. Peaches have been a loss to the growers where they picked the fruit. The returns did not pay for the cost of preparation for market. I saw hundreds of carloads of peaches on the ground — a total loss except for those who have hogs. The early freeze did a large share of this damage. The peach growers have paid from 464 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW $1,000 to $2,000 an acre for developed orchards, and they are now holding the bag. The apple growers are little better off as they are having great difficulty in disposing of their crop at remunerative prices. The cost of picking, grading, packing and hauling apples to the cars is about thirty cents a box — forty cents where a long haul is necessary. Apples of commercial varieties are worth from 60c to $1 a box according to grade, and out of this will have to come the apple association's commission of five per cent. The preseni method of grading favors the dealer more than the grower, and as no small apples are wanted in the grades, many unmarketable apples under the present system are a total loss. INlany orchardists market but half their crop for this reason. The freight rates are sc high that it is unprofitable to ship this inferior fruit, and so millions of people are denied eatable apples because freight rates are prohibitive. The freight rate on coal is forty cents a ton from Colorado coal fields to Nebraska and Kansas points. That is two cents a hundred pounds. For shipping apples from western Colorado to Denver the rate is 55c a hundred pounds. The distances are the same, but the rate is more than twenty times as much. But now let us take pota- toes. The rate is 45c a hundred to Denver, and potatoes are shipped in cars but little more expensive than coal cars. The rate is twenty- two times as much as on coal. Now the rate on honey is $1.40 a hundred from southwestern Colorado to Denver, and 85c a hundred on honey from western slope points to Denver, or seventy times and forty-two times as much as on coal a like distance. The local rate on honey is $2.15 a hundred pounds from southwest Colorado. You can see the rate on honey is two to three times as much as upon apples, and they are shipped in the same kind of cars. The rail- road's charge is not according to cost of carrying, but what the traf- fic will bear. A producer on the western slope was told by a freight agent (to whom he was complaining of the shortage of cars) that his in- terests were served as well as those of any other non-competitive point. You see the railroads have plenty of cars, even during the heavv crop moving period, at the points where there is competition. W. F. Coming Conventions. Ohio — Columbus, Jan. 14 and 15. ^ , , T-^ T^ ,„ in National — Cincinnati, Feb. 12 and l,"^. Colorado — Denver, Dec. 12 and 1.3. Iowa — Des Moines, Dec. 12 and 13. Michigan — Lansing, Dec. 12 and 13. — Wisconsin — Madison, Dec. 17 and 18 New York State — Rochester, Dec. 1 Chicago Northwestern-Chicago, Dec. W ^' ^^RRAY will tell in an early 19 and 20. IX* issue how he handles 11 apiaries Massachusetts State — Worcester, in three counties. Send in your renewal Jan. 11. promptly so as not to miss this article. THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 465 Officers. Directors. George W. York, President Sandpoint, Ida. E. D. Townsend, Chairman Remus, Mich. MoRLEY Pettit, Vice-Pres. . .Guelph, Ont., Can. J. M. Buchanan Franklin, Tenn. E. B. Tyrrell, Secretary Detroit, Mich. VVesley Foster Boulder, Colo. 230 Woodland Ave. J. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. N. E. France, Treas. Gen. Mgr., Plattville, Wis. F. Wilcox Mauston, Wis. (rational Branches and Their Secretaries. Arizona Honey Exchange N. Michigan — Ira D. Bartlett G. M. Frizzell, Tempe, Ariz. East Jordan, Mich. Adirondack— H. E. Gray.. Fort Edwards, N.Y. Ohio— Prof. N. E. Shaw, Dept. of Agr Colorado— Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. Columbus, Ohio Chicago-Northwestern— L. C. Dadant Ontario— P. W. Hodgetts, Parliament Bldg., Hamilton, 111. Toronto, Ont., Can. Hampshire- Hampden — Franklin— Dr. Oregon— H. Wilson Corvallis, Ore. Burton N.' Gates Amherst, Mass. Pecos Valley— Henry C. Barron.. ... _ Idaho— R. D. Bradshaw Notus, Ida. ^ • • • • • -Hagerman New Mexico Illinois— Tas. A. Stone. . . Rt. 4, Springfield, 111. P'^nnsylvania— H C Klinger Liverpool, Pa. „ ; „. T T,T , Twin Falls — C. H. Stimson. .Twin Falls, Ida. Iowa— C. L. Pinney Le Mars, Iowa Tennessee— J. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn. Indiana— Geo. W. Williams, Redkey, Ind. Texas— Willis C. Collins, Box 154 Missouri— J. F. Diemer Liberty, Mo. ,^ v: " V •/• aV-^jI'^u^' '^'^w/ ,, r? -D rr „ „on iir ji j VERMONT— P. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. Michigan— E. B. Tyrrell, 230 Woodland Washington— J. B. Ramage Ave., Detroit, Mich. f ^t 2, N. Yakima, Wash. Minnesota — C. A. Palmer, 1477 Ashland Ave. Wisconsin — Gus Dittmer Augusta, Wis. St. Paul, Minn. Worcester County — O. F. Fuller New Jersey— E. G. Carr New Egypt, N. J. Blackstone. Mass. Every Bee-Keeper Welcome at the Cincinnati Meeting. Are You Planning to Go ? What is not done that con be done for the betterment of the Asso- ciation? If we are not doing what yon think is best to be done, how do you know that we know what you want us to do, if you do not ask for it? There are three of us now, each anxious to do more than the other. Write your wants to either, or all of us, often. — [Townsend.] Annual Convention of the Wisconsin Branch, N. B. K. A. The thirty-fourth annual convention of the Wisconsin State Bee- Keepers' Association, will be held at the Capitol building, Madison, Wis., December 17th and 18th, 1912. Beginning at 10 a. m., Tues- day, the 17th. As usual, an interesting program, consisting of papers and ques- tions will be presented for discussion. Important legislation, to be presented to the next legislature, will be discussed. 466 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW The Northwestern Bee-Keepers' Association holds their annual convention at Chicago, December 19th and 20th, thus giving all members an opportunity to attend both conventions at very little additional expense. Headquarters for the bee-keepers will be "Simons Hotel." To secure a room, you must write in advance, enclosing $1.00, — Gus DiTTMER, Secretarv. Annual Meeting of the Ohio Branch, N. B. K. A. While I have not received a program, yet word from the sec- retary. Prof. N, E. Show, of the Department of Agriculture, Colum- bus, Ohio, states that the Ohio bee-keepers will hold their annual convention at Columbus, January 14 and 15. A good attendance is desired, as there will be business of importance to come before the Ohio bee-keepers, and besides a good attendance insures a splendid social session. Annual Convention of the Chicago-Northwestern Branch N, B. K. A. The Chicago-N^orthwestern Bee-Keepers' Association will hold their annual meeting at the Great Northern Hotel, Room L 38, Chi- cago, on Thursday and Friday, Dec. 19th and 20th. The Great Northern Hotel is situated on the corner of Dearborn street and Jackson Boulevard, and easily accessible from any railroad station. As Chicago is a central point there should be a good meeting as in the past. Several of the noted bee-keepers have promised to be present, and as our meeting comes just after the Wisconsin meet- ing, a good delegation is expected from Wisconsin. All bee-keepers are invited to attend. — L. C. Dadant, Secretar)^ Annual Meeting Colorado Branch, N. B. K. A. The annual convention of the Colorado State Bee-Keepers' Asso- ciation will be held December 12th and 13th, in Denver, at the Audi- torium Hotel, 14th and Stout streets. The Auditorium Hotel will be headquarters for the association. The rates are $1.00 a day and up. The hotel is new and is centrally located. The management has placed the Pompeiian room at our disposal, and a better con- vention room we never had. Take Colfax cars under viaduct at Union depot and get off at loth and Stout street. AValk one-half block west to the hotel. Every session of the convention will be a live one, and we hope for a large attendance. We will have an auto session. This will be a hummer, as we are going to have the auto dealers show us their utility cars and their winning points. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 467 The program has not been entirely arranged for at this date, but we will have worth while sessions — every one — Wksley Foster^ Secretarv. A Brief Report of the Ontario Convention, It was said that the annual convention of the Ontario Bee- Keepers' Association for 1911 broke all records for attendance, but the 1!:)1"^' convention, held in Toronto last week, was more largely attended than last year by far. It was said that "^-jO jjee-keepers were in attendance at the various sessions, the crowd at each session being about 125. Papers and discussions were very businesslike and to the point. The following officers were elected for 1913: Presi- dent, Dennis Nolan, Newton Robinson ; First Vice-President, J. L. Byer. Alount Joy; Second Vice-President, Miss Ethel Robson, Ilder- ton ; Secretary-Treasurer, IMorley Pettit, Ontario Agricultural Col- lege, Guelph. The next event of provincial interest to bee-keepers in Ontario is the Apiculture Short Course to be held at the Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph, January 7th to 18th, 1913. These two weeks will be filled just as full as possible of practical information for beginners and advanced bee-keepers as well. For particulars and copy of program write to ^Mori.ey Pettit^ Provincial Apiarist, (luelph, Ont. Annual Meeting of New Jersey Branch N, B. K, A. The New Jersey Branch of the National Bee-Keepers' Associa- tion will hold their annual meeting in the Entomological Building at New Brunswick on Friday, Dec. "vdth, 1912. Procra^j. Moniiiii^' Session. 10:30— Address by President, J. H. AI. Cook, Essex Falls, N. J. "Gentle Bees," Penn G. Snyder, Swarthmore, Pa. "Judging Honey." Harold Hornor. Philadelphia, Pa. Question box. 12:00 — Lunch recess. Afternoon Session. 1 :00_-'-The hive in winter," Dr. C. D. Cheney, Hoboken, N. J. "The relation of the State Entomologist to the Bee-keeper," Dr. T. J. Headlee, New Brunswick, N. J. "Bee Behavior." illustrated with slides. Dr. E. F. Phillips, Washington, D. C. 468 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW "Management for Comb Honev," W. E. Housel, Hampton N. J. "The Future of New Jersey Bee-keeping," E. G. Carr, New Eg3Tt, N. J. Election of officers for 1913. Election of delegates to the National Convention at Cincin- nati. Feb. 12 and 13, 1913. Election of representative to State Board of Agriculture, Trenton, Jan. 7, 8, 9, 10, 1913. For best display comb honey in bee-way section — One "A-B-C of Bee Culture," 1913 edition, cloth. For best display comb honey in 4^4x13^ plain section — One "A-B-C of Bee Culture," 1913 edition, leather. For best display comb honey in 4x5 section — One "A-B-C of Bee Culture," 1913 edition, leather. For best display old books on bee-keeping — One "Langstroth on Honey Bee," 1858 edition. Above offered by The A. I. Root Co. For best 5 pounds extracted honey — One Italian queen. This promises to be one of the best meetings ever held. Ladies are especially invited. J. H. M. Cook, President; E. G. Carr, Sec- retar5^ State Convention of Michigan National Branch. The annual convention of the iMichigan Branch, N. B. K. A., will be held at the State Agricultural College, East Lansing, Thurs- day and Friday, December 12th and 13th. Michigan always has a good convention, and this should be no exception. The Illinois State Convention. It was my good fortune to attend the annual convention of the Illinois State Association this year. As all readers know, this asso- ciation has the reputation of being one of the live ones, and although the attendance was not large I found those present capable of main- taining the association's good reputation. This association had a paid stenographer to take down every word of every discussion, and this report is later published in book form and distributed free to each member. In this way they have a complete file of the doings of each convention. Just now I am won- THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 459 dering whether this has anything to do with the small attendance ; whether the ability of each member to get and read this report has any inducement for the members to stay at home. I wonder if they reason "There is no need of me attending the convention, for I can get the full report later and read every word that was said as well as to go to the expense of attending." Mind you, I don't say this is the case, but I am wondering, and I would give a good deal to know. The president, j\Ir. C. P. Dadant, who, I believe, has held that position for a good while, refused a re-election this year. He felt that as he now was publisher of a bee journal it would be better if the position of president was held by someone else. The members did not care to accept his resignation, but did on his request, and elected I\Ir. E. J. Baxter in his place. Judging by Mr. Baxter's enthusiasm there is no reason why he should not make a good pre- siding officer. The Illinois Association is favored with an excellent secretary. Mr. James Stone, of Springfield, holds that position, and is certainly deserving of much credit for the work he is doing. Xo one who has never held that office can appreciate the sacrifice of time a secre- tary has to make in order to successfully fulfill the duties of the office. The Illinois branch has the distinction of having the youngest member of the National Association in the world so far as I know. He is Master \\"ilburn Withrow, of Buffalo, 111. His picture is given in this issue. State Foul Brood Inspector A. L. Kildow is certainly doing some good work in that state, judging by his report at the conven- tion. He is ably assisted by several deputies scattered throughout the state. From out the state there was in attendance, besides myself, National Treasurer N. E. France, of Plattville. Wis. Mr. France gave an interesting account of his method of bee-keeping, and ex- plained his use of storage tanks and how he extracts during the honey flow. This brought out a discussion as to whether it was not possible to leave honey on the hive too long. It was stated that the best honey was obtained by extracting just as soon as the honey was ripe and using large storage tanks in which the heaviest honey could settle to the bottom leaving the thin honey, if any, to rise to the top, where it could be drawn ofif and not mixed with the thor- oughly ripened article. After a discussion of the National work and plans it was un- animously voted to continue as a National Branch, which enabled everv member to get full National and Branch benefits, as well as a subscription to the Review, all for $1.50 annually — E. B. T. 470 THE BEE-KEF-PERS' REVIEW THE POOREST SECTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT IN THE GRADE NAMED FANCY NUMBER ONE NUMBER TWO HONEY QUOTATIONS BOSTON — Fancy white comb honey, 16c to 17c. No. 1 wliite comb honey, 15c to 16c. Fancy white extracted honey, 10c to lie. Light amber extracted honey, 9c to 10c. Am- ber, 8c to 9c. Wax, 30c. BLAKE-LEE CO., Nov. 23. 4 Chatam Row. KANSAS CITY, MO.— The supply of both comb and extracted honey is large; the demand fair. We quote as follows: No. 1 white comb, 24-section cases, $3.25; No. 2 white comb, 24-section cases, $3.00; No. 1 amber comb, 24- section cases, $3.00; No. 2 amber comb, 24- section cases, $2.75; extracted white, per lb. S'/z to 9c; beeswax, per lb. 25 to 28c. Nov. 18. C. C. CLEMONS PRODUCE CO. NEW YORK — Comb honey keeps in fair demand for all grades at unchanging prices. The various grades of white honey are still coming in, while buckwheat seems to be ex- tremely short. Extracted honey in fair demand with sufficient supplies of all grades e.xcept California white sage which seems to be scarce this season. Prices run the same. Beeswax quiet at 30c to 31c. Nov. 21. HILDRETH & SEGELKEN. CINCINNATI— The demand for comb honey and extracted honey is fair, with a good supply. No. 1 white comb honey selling in large lots at $3.60 per case, 34 sections; there is no demand for off grades. White ex- tracted honey in 60-pound cans is selling from 95^c to 10 c. Light amber in barrels from 7c to 7^c, in 60-pound cans from 8c to 8^c. Beeswax, fair demand, selling at $33.00 per hundred. The above are our selling prices, not what we are paying. Oct. 17. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. CHICAGO — Sales of honey during Novem- ber up to this writing have been of large volume and yet the market is well supplied. Prices on No. 1 white comb honey range from 15c to 16c per lb. A No. 1 to fancy 17c to 18c per lb. No. 3 white 10c to 12c per lb. No. 1 to fancy amber 13c to 15c per lb. Dark and out of condition lots difficult to place at 9c to 10c per lb. Extracted honey in new cans and cases, white clover and linden brings from 9c to 10c per lb. Amber grades 7c to Sc per lb. Beeswax 30c to 32c per lb. R. A. BURNETT & CO., Nov. 18. 173 W.^South Water Street. CINCINNATI— It seems that fruit and pre- serves have full sway of the market at the pr£sent time owing to the low prices of these "commodities, thus making the demand for honey suffer. However, we are selling fancy comb honey at $3.75 to $4.00 a case. Our best grade of extracted honey in 60-lb. cans we are selling at 8^c to 10c a lb., and amber honey in barrels at G^c to 8c; according to the quality and quantity purchased. For choice bright yellow beeswax we are today paying 28c a lb. delivered here. THE FRED. W. MUTH CO., "The Busy Bee Men." Nov. 22. 204 Walnut Street. o= Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your advertisement in this department. -o BEES AND QUEENS. For Sale. — 50 to 300 colonies, 8-frame, good condition. E. F. Atwater, Meridian, Idaho. A Limited Number of Leather Colored Ital- ian Queens for Sale. Warranted purely mated, $1.50. Geo. B. Howe, Black River, N. Y. Front Line Italian Queens by return mail at 75c each, 6, $4.25; 12, $8.00; 25 and up, 60c each. J. B. Hollopeter, Pentz, Pa. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 471 For Sale — 100 colonies bees and 150 emp- ties— good condition. W. F. Stuart, Garden City, Kans. , For Sale — 25 colonies bees, a quantity of hives, comb-honey supers and other supplies. If you want to save money write Leon C. Wheeler, Barryton, Mich. Golden Italian Queens — Untested, war- ranted $1.00 each; si.x for $4.50; twelve for $8.00. Good reports wh = '-° tried for Black brood. J. B. Case, Port Orange, Fla. Golden Italian Queens that produce golden bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each $1, six $5; tested $2. J. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. Carniolan Queens. — Bred from best im- ported stock. Many colonies can be manip- ulated witliout the use of smoke or veil. Un- tested, one for $.75, six for $4.25, twelve for $8.00. Tested, one for $1.00, six for $5.00, twelve for $10.00. William Kernan, Dushore, Pa., R. D. 2. HONEY AND WAX. Wanted — To buy, dark, amber honey for baking. Give prices delivered here. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey, and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 W. S. Water St., Chicago. Wanted. — White or very light amber ex- tracted or comb honey at once. O. N. Bald- win, Baxter Springs, Kans. For Sale — Finest quality clover and bass- wood extracted honey in 60-lb. cans. J. F. Moore, Tiffin, Ohio. For Sale — Finest extracted white clover and basswood honey. The kind with a delicious flavor. A trial order will convince you. D. H. Welch, Racine, Wis. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. Hildreth & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. For Sale — Fine extracted honey, clover and basswood mixed, in new 60 lb. (net) square cans, two in a box. Price 9c per lb. All extracted after the honey season closed. Dr. C. G. LuFT, Fremont, Ohio. Extracted Honey of the finest quality — thick well ripened, flavor simply delicious. White clover and sweet clover blend. Price 9c per pound in bright new 60 lb. cans. Sam- ple free. J. P. Moore, Morgan, Ky. For Sale — Finest quality white clover and basswood honey, blended in extractor. Put up in brand new 60-lb. cans, two cans per case, at 10c per lb. by case of two cans, or more, F. O. B. Flint. Cash with order. L. S. Griggs, 711 Avont St., Flint, Mich. Wanted — 5 barrels pure beeswax, for deliv- ery 1 or 2 barrels as wanted before January 1st, 1914. We would like to buy direct from producer. Apothecaries Hall Co., 14-24 Ben- edict St., Waterbury, Ct, A VERY fine quality of white extracted honey for table use, in new 60-lb. tin cans. Raspberry or Basswood flavors. Say how much you can use and we will be pleased to quote our prices. Sample free for a 4c stamp to pay the postage. E. D. Townsend & Sons, North- star, Mich. VaSCElMlMASSOJSS. For Sale — At bargain prices to close out, new 8 frame double walled hives in the flat. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. For Sale — Bee-keepers' supplies. Agents' prices. Save freight. Free catalog. G. F. Stanton, Buckingham, Fla. Aluminum Hive Numbers (IV^-in. high) 2c each Fig. 50 or more l^c. Postpaid, incl. brass nails. Henry Benke, Pleasantville Sta., N. Y. For Sale — Empty second hand cans, two cans to the case, good as new, 25c per case. C. H. W. Weber & Co., 2146-2148 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio. Our "Eureka" Ca.se will protect your bees in single walled hives. They are durable but cheap. Let me tell you about them. Special Dec. offer. Circular explains. Free. B. 1. BossERMAN, Williamstown, Ohio. For Sale and Wanted by the Colorado Branch N. B. K. A.: For sale— 4,000 colonies bees, comb and extracted honey, and bee sup- plies. Wanted — 500 to 1,000 colonies bees, hundreds of queens and nuclei next spring, bee supplies. Write for free booklet givmg above information, or send $2.00 for member- ship in State and National to Wesley Foster, Sec, Boulder, Colo. All persons desiring to see the new process extractor in operation please drop me a card. If sufficient interest is manifested will arrange several demonstrations next season at my bee- yard. In addition to taking the honey with- out opening the hives I will also show a spe- cially constructed comb with full depth cells. These combs are made of electrical paper or exceedingly thin metal. lime for demonstra- tion may be announced later in this journal. L. W. .\vant, Atascosa, Texas. Special Offers in Bee Literature, etc. Good locations for bees in new and unoccu- pied territory. Send for free circular. George W. York, Sandpoint, Idaho. For Sale. — A full line of bee-keepers* sup- plies; also Italian bees and honey a specialty. Write for catalog and particulars. The Penn Co., Penn, Miss. (Successor to J. M. Jenkins.) For Sale Cheap — 100 Root 10 frame chaff hives in good condition, with new frames. Reason for selling, we have built 2 house api- aries. F. J. Strittmatter, Ebensburg, Pa. 472 THE BEE-KEEPERS REVIEW POSITIONS AND HEIiF. Wanted — Apiarist or helper who is willing to invest $250 in apiary. We allow you wages and percentage of crop as manager. Particu- lars on request. Api.\rist, Sawtelle, Calif. Wanted — A man to run 140 colonies for comb honey for season of 1913. State salary wanted and experience. Everything new. Care C. B. & Q. Ry., B. F. S.mith, Jr., Cow- ley, Wyo. INDEX VOLUME XXV. CONTRIBUTED ARTICLES. A form of record for bee-keepers who wish to Improve their stock 333 A few practical pointers 335 A summer revel with the honey makers. . 168 Automobile in the bee business, Using an 17 Bee Cellars, The Hutchison 325 Best Frame? Is the Langstroth the 414 Boiling honey used in queen cages not sufficient 11 Bottom board and feeder, A com- bined 20 Breeding and inbreeding bees.... 205 Breeding for general improvement 297 Buying bees south 404 Capping melters, bottom boards stone cellars 296 Caring for wax at out-apiaries, Effective method of 214 Caucasian bee, Something more about the 51 Central cotnb honev packing sta- tion. The 449 Clean up cappings, Getting the bees to 254 Colorado grading rules criticised, The 447 Comb honev production, high aim in 129 Comb honey problem. A 405 Comb vs. extracted honey 33S Comments on articles in February Review 133 Co-operation, A few reasons why it should succeed 97 Co-operation, A few further thoughts on 299 Co-operative comments 417 Co-operative organization, A real national 337 Cuba, Something about, by a resi- dent of that country 246 Decoy hives, a new use for old and spoiled sections 173 Drones, their value to the swarm and bee-keeper 252 Early experiences, A successful bee-keeper's 9S Fastening foundation in the sec- tions 209 Foundation, Strengthening by painting with wax 59 Grading rules, what a car load grader thinks 412 Honey, 79,000 lbs. from 587 col- onies of bees 14 Honey-house, arranged to save time and labor 19 Improving your bees while pro- ducing honey... 87, 138, 182, 218, Improvement of the bee 7, 48, Introducing a queen,' The best inethod of Irrigation opens up new fields.... Italian bee louse. Experience with the Mark their queens, How bee- keepers in Switzerland Mendelism, first lessons in Mendelism, how a subscriber will test it ^Mendelism, in answer to Dr. Bon- ney, More Organizations, Some good advice about Our product (a poem) Picture grading rules. A discus- sion of 128, 212, 256, Piercing end bars, A punch for... Porter bee escape, the Producing bulk comb honey, My experience in Queen, Adventures of a Queen, A puzzling question re- garding a Queen breeding Queens? Shall we buy or rear our Record keeping, Books necessary in Retailing extracted honey to farmers Ridding supers of Bees Runaway swarms, Some good sized Sectional hives, Advantages and disadvantages of Short biographical sketches of the men who are now editing the Review Some comments on Member Wheel- er's article Specialization, importance of Success with bees, A little story of Swarm control. A simple systein of Swarming and swarm control.... Transferring experience, A begin- ner's Transferring from box hives. Does it pay ? "^"inter stores, Feeding for Winter protection. Some new meth- ods of W^intering bees Wintering bees, A comparison of Wintering of bees. The successful Wintering bees on the 60-degree latitude Wintering and spring protection. The question of Wiring gauge, Improved 294 211 130 90 16 170 406 207 443 131 403 289 172 61 176 288 21 179 136 416 102 255 448 92 366 378 285 410 94 54 451 175 329 445 369 376 372 381 47 216 EDITORIALS. Alighting places for swarms 340 American Bee Journal has a new owner. The 223 Apiculture, Miscellaneous papers on 24 Artificial lighting places for swarms 260 Ask the candidates now 384 Asking for honey, A railroad com- pany 420 Association of Apiary Inspectors of the U. S. and Canada 66 Be a booster 456 Bee-keeper's automobile. The 454 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 473 Bee diseases, Historical notes on the causes of 186 Bee-keeping-, Short course in at Mass. Agr. College 187 Bee-Keepers' convention at Lon- don, Ontario 63 Bee-Keepers' Review has been sold. The 190 Bee sting. Preventing 222 Beginners in bee-keeping, Practi- cal information for 23 Binding the Review with nails... 262 Boil down vour contributions. How to 224 Buying bees south to move north in the spring 66 California bee-keepers have secured a novel exhibit for the Panama- California Exposition 462 California prospects 186 Canadian bee-keeper, At the home of a 149 Candy for queen cages without using honey 261 Central Minnesota bee-keepers or- ganize 106 Chemical analysis composition of imported honey 222 Clover one year old 65, 105 Colorado State Bee-Keepers' meet- ing. May 10-11 148 Comb honey 383 Comb honey grading rules. Those. 262 Comb honey package, Paul Hunton's 423 Comb honey specialist. A Michigan 147 Convention, Connecticut Bee- Keepers' 147 Convention, The Michigan 27 Convention, Northern Michigan Bee-Keepers' 104 Convention, That London 150 Convention, Wisconsin State Bee- Keepers' 63 Co-operation 4od Co-operative experiments in bee- keeping 1* ' Course in bee-keeping at Massa- chusetts Agricultural College, A. 455 Crop report blanks 263, 302 Crops should not be grown in the orchard 4-1 Death of the Hon. R. L. Taylor... o41 Death of Walter M. Parrish 339 Disastrous fire. The Fred W. Muth Co. suffer a. . 383 Eastern New York Bee-Keepers' Association 106 Editorial board of the Review, An 301 European foul brood, The causes of 221 Food products, Misbranding ot.... 149 Fruit growers alive to the im- portance of the honey bee 422 George W. York goes west 222 Get together and co-operate 455 Gleanings helps the Review in its fight 301 Grading rules, Concerning 457 Grading rules discussion. That.... 185 Grading rules. Committee on 301 Have confidence in your brother bee-keeper 340 Have your bees enough honey for winter? 419 Honey butter 104 Honey crop according to present indications. The 260 Honey crop this year, The 303 Honey crop reports 343 Honey plants of California 24 How parcels post affects sending samples of honey by mail 455 How to reach those who don t take bee journals 302 Immune to bee diseases. Let's breed a strain 424 Introduction, a word of 339 Iowa bee-keepers' organization.... 107 Irrigation opens up new fields.... 25 Isle of Wight disease in America? Is the 262 Keep more bees 26 failing queen bees, New postal rules concerning 223 Manufacturing Company, The new firm of Page-Kenkel 384 Markets, Manipulating the 385 Members, ex-members and prospec- tive members 188 Middleman? Can honey producers do without the 425 National Bee-Keepers' Association, what it will do this year 67 National committee on legislation already busy 68 National. Plans for the 24 New York bee-keepers' tablet 107 New York State convention at Svracuse, That 108 Not what we get, but what we expect to get 148 Oklahoma Bee-Keepers' Associa- tion 106 Oklahoma bee-keepers, Annual meeting- of 23 On probation 28 Opportunity 23 Picture grading rules. Those 65 Pictures. Send in your 342 Precaution, Another California county taking 64 Producing, preparing, exhibiting and judging bee produce 302 Quarantine against importation of bees „64 Second-hand cans for honey. Using 261 Shipping bees without combs 423 Short courses in bee-keeping 24 Should labels show where honey is produced? 65 Stand up and be a man 190 Storage in transit privilege, The... 458 Subscribers don't seem to under- stand that 50c in addition to their subscription to the Review gives them full National and Branch benefits 458 Sweet clover 185 Sweet clover for winter pasturage 420 Sweet clover. Shetland ponies die from eating 419 Statement of ownership, manage- ment, circulation, etc 421 Testing- honey by the use of a hvdrometer 460 The high cost of living 459 The hardest fight you have for success is with yourself 260 The world is small after all 64 Tin Shipping cases for comb honey 261 Turn the leaf, boys, turn the leaf 25 Wax scales of the honey-bee. The manipulation of the 420 We have moved 343 Western bee man? How will this affect the 422 Western Honey Producers' Asso- ciation has moved 221 What does the dealer inake? 457 474 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW What is a failure? 63 What has the harvest been? 304 What the trouble is with the pro- ducers 463 Winter losses 148, 186 Wintering- bees out of doors in cases 386 Wintering in Colorado, Predicts good 419 Wintering report for Canada 222 Worcester County Bee-Keepers' Association of Massachusetts. . . . 104 NATIONAL, ASSOCIATIOX DEPARTMEXT A way for your association to be- come a National Branch 228 California State Association 225 Central comb honey paclcin^- sta- tion, The ■". 390 Chairman Townsend explains the resolutions 226 Chicago Northwestern branch, An- nual convention of the 466 Colorado branch, Annual meeting of 466 Constitution, Some proposed changes of the 309 Constitution of the National Bee- Keepers' Association 348 Convention of Iowa branch, First annual 427 Convention of Ontario bee-keepers. 426 Co-operative bee-keeping among farmers 307 Editorial board for the Review.... 306 Field meeting, Southern Idaho and Eastern Oregon Branch 346 Field meeting. The summer 345 Fighting foul brood with a rail- road train 265 Glass packages for National members 225 Grading rules, Buvers' committee ■ on 3SS How your money is handled 429 Illinois state convention. The 468 Kansas bee-keepers. Meeting of. . . 345 Legal help for National members.. 264- Local and state officers acting as branch officers 267 Michigan branch. State meeting of the 387. 468 Missouri Branch, Meeting of 388 Missouri Branch starts a contest for new members 427 National convention at Cincinnati. 387 National constitution. Proposed amendments to 430 National interest. The T^'ashington branch passes a resolution of . . . . 308 National meeting, elect your dele- gates for 426 National grading rules. Now for. . 306 New branch in Massachusetts, A. . 389 New Jersev branch, Annual ineet- ing of the 467 New Jersey Branch holds a sum- mer meeting. The. 389 New Jersey branch. Summer meet- ing of the 265 New National Branch, Another. . . . 427 New State Bee-Keeper Organiza- tion, Massachusetts 428 Ohio branch. Annual meeting of the 466 Oklahoma bee-keepers. Attention.. 350 Ontario convention, A brief report of the 467 Oregon National branch, The 225 Pecos Valley branch gives atten- tion to their state fair 388 Pennsylvania officers act as Na- tional branch officers 388 Pennsylvania state meeting 387 Proposed changes in the constitu- tion. Send in your 264 Reasons for the purchase of the Review, Director Foster gives some excellent 26S .'^ome letters I have received re- garding the sale of the Review. . 232 Texas State Association becomes a national branch 389 The rabbit is out of the brush heap 229 Why should the National buy the Review? 227 Wisconsin branch. Annual conven- tion of the 465 SELECTED ARTICLES. Americans and Canadians 153 Bees furnish money to buy 160 acres of land Ill Bee moth. Remedy for the 152 California Association, That 154 Convention. Bee-Keepers' 112 Finding queens. Double super with excluder between for. 152 Fraudulent packing 112 Gigantic industry built up by Cali- fornia Fruit Growers' Exchange 70 Growing nectar, rearing plants and trees Ill Honey crop reports 152 Honey production .Cost of 152 Isle of Wight disease 113 Italians vs. black bees 32 National Association and report. . . 30 National grading rules, A strong plea for 33 Pollen famines 153 Protecting entrances during winter 153 Supporting foundation to prevent buckling Ill The big and small bee-keeper 112 "Weighing barrels of honey 154 "V^'hy clover does not yield honey as it did in olden times Ill Windijreaks for wintering 153 COXTRIHITORS. Alderman. F 410 Ames, A. C 451 Anthony, Stephen 170 Atwater. E. F 172, 216 Balmer Isaac 17 Blakelv, J. W 51 Bonney, Dr. A. F 7, 48, 173, 406 Brainard. E. T 296 Brown, Harrison H 333 Brown, Edward G 412 Bullamore, G. W 404 Burdick, A. E 11 Byer. J. L 133 Candler, Mathildie 214 Chrysler, W. A 20 Clover, S. King 90 Coulson, Geo. H 131 Cowan, Dr. James W 21 Crane, J. A 136 Dockery, L. R 255 Eddows. Ch. Noel 414 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 475 Facey. M. V 285 Foster, Oliver 14, 369, 404 Foster, Wesley 130, 367, 445, 449 Frank, J. C 179 Gately, Leo Ellis 297, 416 Getaz Adrian 61 Hand, J. E 92 Hart, H. F 19 Hedstrom, James K 97, 299 Howe, George B..SS, 138, 182, 218, 294 Hutchinson, Elmer 326 Hutchinson, W. Z 168 Jeffrey, Henry L 16 Kernan, Win 254 Kirkpatrick, Geo. H 102 Lathrop, Harry 175 Lyman, W. C 54 Mathewson, Homer 47 Menhall, D. Stad 205 Mickwitz, Paul 381 Miles, E. S 211 Millar, D. W 245 Miller, Arthur C 252 Miller, N. E 338 Miller. S. F 176 Metcalf, O. B 335 Muth, Fred W 129 Otto, John F 98 Pease, G. Frank 448 Pollock, F. L 288 Poppleton, O. 0 59 Running-, David 329 Shiber, Geo 207 Slease, R. B 447 Snyder, Penn G 443 Stephens, George W 94 Stimson, C 417 Tovi^nsend. E. D 366, 378 Trickey, H 405 Tyrrell, E. B 368 Wheeler, L. C 209, 376 Wood, A. D. D 372 York, George W 337 American Butter & Cheese Company 31-33 Griswold St, Detroit, Mich. Always in the market for choice comb honey. Write us. '^GETBETTERUGJJT From KEROSENE(Coal Oil) Tests by Prof. Rogers. Lewis Institute, Chicago, on leading oll-bumlng lamps show the Aladdin Mantle Lamp Sb the most economical and gives overtwiee P^~~- as much I ight ae the Rayo and other lamna I tested. It Is odorless, safe, clean, noiseless. I Quaranteed. Better light than gas or eleo-| trio. To introduce the Aladdin we'll send a sample lamp on^»-> lODsvS AGENTS WANTED TRIAL Experience nnneoessary. Every jitk fir home needs this lamp. One agent parliulire «oK over 1000 on money back I guarantee, not one returned. Another aoldl •800 worth In 16 days. Evenings made profl-l table. Ask foragenta prices and trial offer, [ Munt UMP CBHPtMT. 43] Aladdin BIdg., Chiclii57lir Forty Apiaries Handled by One Man. Read the Notice on Page 479. QUEENS OF MOORE'S STRAIN OF ITALIANS PRODUCE WORKERS That fill the supers quick With honey nice and thick. They have won a world-wide rep- utation for honey-gathering, hard- iness, gentleness, etc. Untested queens, $1.00; six, J5.00; 12, $9.00. Select untested, $1.25; six, $6.00 12, $11.00. Safe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed. Circular free. J. P. MOORE Queen Breeder, Route 1, Morgan, Ky. SECTIONS ^ We make a specialty of manufaduring Sedtions. ^ Prompt shipments on all Bee-Keepers' supplies. CATALOGUE FREE AUG. LOTZ & CO. BOYD, WISCONSIN WANTED New Crop Honey Both Comb and Extracted Hildreth & Segelken lHto-'Hi~ Gr«'en»\ icii St. NEW YORK CITY, X. Y. 476 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Learn Beekeeping from the Beginning "First Lessons in Beekceeping," and the American Bee Journal, one year, Both for Only $1.00 "First Lessons in Beekeeping" is a 190-page book telling all that the beginner need know. ... It has an attractive paper cover, and many illustrations. "Doolittle's Scientific Queen-rearing," and the ^4 AA American Bee Journal, one year, Both for Only $ J.«UU Doolittle's "Scientific Queen-rearing" book contains 126 pages, and is bound in leatherette with round corners. It tells in the clearest way possible just how the famous queen- breeder, Mr. G. M. Doolittle, rears the best of queen bees in perfect accord with Nature's way. As all know, Mr. Doolittle has spent some 40 years in rearing queens and pro- ducing honey. He has no superior as a queen-breeder. You can learn to rear fine queens by following his directions. The beginner will want "First Lessons;" the older beekeeper should have "Scientific Queen-rearing." You will not regret it if you send your $1.00 now and get either one of these books with the JOURNAL, as the JOURNAL itself is worth more than the total cost. AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, HAMILTON, ILLINOIS "If goods are wanted quick, send to Pouder." BEE SUPPLIES Standard hives with latest improvements. Danzen- baker Hives, Sections. Foundation, Extractors, Smokers, in fact everything used about the bees. My equipment, my stock of goods, the quality of my goods and my shipping facilities cannot be excUed. PAPER HONEY JARS (Sample Mailed Free) For extracted honey. Made of heavy paper and paraffine coated, with tight seal. Every honey producer will be interested. A descriptive circular free. Finest white clover honey on hand at all times. I buy beeswax. Catalog of supplies free. WALTER S. POUDER, lndianapolis,lnd. 859 Massachusetts Avenue. Make Your Own Hives Bee Keepers will save money by using our Foot Power SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford, Illinois. PROTECTION HIVE LIBERAL EARLY ORDER DISCOUNTS ALLOWED The best and lowest priced double wall hive on the market. This hive has ^ mate- rial in the outer wall, and is not cheaply constructed of H material as some other hives on the market. Packing or dead air spaced as you prefer. Remember winter is approach- ing. Get your bees into comfortable quarters before it is here. Send for a catalogue. A. G. WOODMAN CO., Grand Rapids, Mich. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 477 MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best young basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfleld, Wis. PAGE-KENKEL MFG. CO. MANUFACTURERS OF THE "NONE BETTER" Bee - Keepers* Supplies THIRTY YEARS EXPERIENCE Perfect sections from young, white, kiln dried basswood. White Pine Hives and Supers, Excellent Shipping Cases, Brood Frames, Separators, etc. We invite your correspondence. Page 'Kennel Manufacturing Co. New London, Wis. PREPARE FOR NEXT SEASON and j^et in touch with ^/, Jf falcon BEE - SUPPLIES Don't wait but take advantage of the i% discount we are allowing in De- cember. Order your supplies now and save the discount, and get them ready during leisure time, and you'll not be one of those who lose money for the lack of sections, foundation or hives. Give us a trial, we are confident we can please you. Copy of Simplified Bee-Keeping postpaid for the asking. "FALCON" Foundation Finest on the market. Made with superior workmanship. Special prices for quantities. Dealers Everywhere. Red Catalog postpaid. W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO. Falconer, j\. Y. Where the good bee-hives come from. Comb Foundation Working Wax You have to go below the surface of things to find THE REASON WHY the HONEY BEES like Dittmer Process Comb Foundation It is because, it is PURE. WHOLE- SOME, has the TASTE, SMELL, and FIRMNESS of the Honey Comb the Honey Bee make themselves. You will be monev ahead to send your wax to DITTMER to be worked into Foundation. SEN1> FOR PRIGES AND DISCOUNTS. GUS. DITTMER CO. Augusta, Wis. 478 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW This Pail for 6y4 cts.,in Crates of 100. F.O.B. Detroit A friction top pail. Put in the honey, push down the cover, and you have no leakage. Size of pail, 6^ inches in diameter by 7 inches high. Holds 10 lbs. Honey Same Pail Holding 5 lbs. Honey, $5.00 per 100. Write for descriptive circular giving full particulars, prices, and freight rates, to The National Bee-Keepers' Association 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. Now is the Time to Lay In Your Supply of Dadant's Foundation Four Per Cent Discount during December. We Want Your Beeswax — to work into Foundation or For Casi:. Highest prices paid for wax especially if light lemon in color and from cappings. Agents all over the United States and in Foreign Countries. A. G. WOODMAN CO. DADANT & SONS, Grand Kapids Agents for Michigan HAMILTON, ILLINOIS. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 479 The Best Time to Buy SUPPLIES The season just past has demonstrated more clearly than ever the necessity for being prepared for a honey-flow BEFORE it comes. If you wait until the season is upon you, the chances are that the greater part of the crop will be lost while you are impatiently wa'iting for supplies to arrive. It may seem a little early now to think of next season's honey harvest; but the fact of the matter is, this is just the time to order goods for next season. We are beginning now to replenish our stocks. We shall have carload orders com'ing from the factory very often for the next few weeks. Special orders placed now can have just the attention they need, both here and at the factory, and you may have your goods sent in one of our cars, thereby saving on transportation charges. Regular stock will come straight to you from our warehouse in new unbroken packages, and you can put the goods together in your odd minutes, thereby saving the expense of extra help in the spring. Our usual discounts for early orders apply again this season — six per cent for cash orders sent in October, the discount diminishing one per cent per month as the season advances. These discounts mean a considerable saving, and you might as well take advantage of the highest by ordering now. No change of prices has as yet been announced, and you may, therefore, order from your present catalog. If your catalog has been mislaid, write us at once and we will send another. If your season's crop of honey is not yet disposed of. we can give you a good price and handle it promptly. Send samples of extracted and full information as to containers, flavor, quantity, price, etc. We also handle comb honey. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. 2146 Central Avenue. CINCINNATI, OHIO Would You Like to Hear From a Man Who Handles 40 Apiaries I? Do You Want to Know How He Does It? There is one man in this country who handles 40 apiaries. He does it by hired help. He has a system that allows him to care for these bees by correspondence. That man is J. J. Wilder. I have been trying to get him to tell the Review readers how he does it. He writes that it would take quite a lot of space in the Review, and he is afraid it would soimd too much like "blowing his own horn." I tell him I am certain the bee-keepers would not look at it that way at all and that they would be pleased to hear from a man who is so far ahead of the rest of us in the prac- tice of extensive bee-keeping. The Ri:- vtew readers believe in the slogan "Keep More Bees," and of course want to know how it can best be done. We occasionally see a question in the bee-journals from some 3'oung man ask- ing if bee-keeping can be depended upon as a business. The answers generallv are that it can not ; that it is too uncer- tain, and that more money can be made with the same ability at something else. Personally I don't like that kind of a reply. I believe if a person has the nerve to try to accomplish big things he will generally succeed. I believe the present condition of bee-culture is largely due to that kind of advice, and the desire to hook something up with it. Now here is a man who is proving that the above belief is true, and we would all like to hear from him. Let me tell you what to do. Mr. Wilder has just written me that he had decided to spend another winter in Bradentown, Florida. If you want to know through the columns of the Re- \iew how he handles 40 apiaries just sit right down TODAY and send a postal card to J. J. Wilder. Bradentown, Flor- ida, saying, "I should certainly like to hear in the Review how you handle 40 apiaries." Sign your name and address. Don't expect a reply. Don't ask a ques- tion, unless it is one he can answer in his article. We mustn't expect him to answer letters. We only want to let him know that you, the readers, want his article. Do you? Then send thai card tonight. — E. B. Tyrrell. 480 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Uobber entrance bottom. They are going like hot cakes. THE IMPROVED SCHAMU PATENT ROLLER ENTRANCE HIVE BOTTOM The Schamu Im- proved Patent Roller Entrance gives the bee-keeper several ap- pliances in one. It is compact, simple, eiTi- cient and inexpensive. It furnishes its own storage room, if the bee-keeper decides to remove one roller or another, so that there is never anything lost or get into the vi'ay in another part of the bee house. Here you have it all, complete bottom board, drone trap, feeder, ventilat- or, that saves lifting the hives when same are full of bees and honey. Shallow bottom for summer and a deep one for winter. The price is reasonable, being only a trifle more than the cost of a common alley drone trap, feeder, and ordinary bottom board. This invention affords comfort, profit and satisfac- tion, and one swarm saved when you are not with the bees, buys several bottom boards. When you consider that when the workers fly away, you not only lose your queen, but your honey crop as far as that hive is concerned. With the patent under your hives, if they do swarm out, they come back. All the bee-keeper loses is once in a while an old queen. At the end of the honey How you have a fine crop of honey in your supers and lower chambers bubbling over with full grown bees and honey. Then introduce a young queen, say Aug. 1st, or when your honey crop is over, and your swarms will be ready for winter with plenty of stores young, vigorous queens and nearly all young bees. The three main essentials for wintering well. PRICE: $2.00 F. O. B., for Eight Frame Hive. Liverpool, N. Y. $2.50, F. O. B., for Ten Frame Hive. Liverpool, N. Y. Puyallup, Wash., Oct. 8th, 1912. Dear Dr.: I have just received the last Bottom Board you shipped me durine our State fair, and wil' confess you have some thing of value for the bee-keeper. I have found in my trials of t h e different feeders, that the bottom is the best place to feed from; am satisfied to say that your Bottom Board wil! do all that is claimed by its inventor and more. Yours truly, T. W. Ware. "5th St. N. W. Shotving space for dead bees in ^vinter months, also space for feeding. Address all communications to Dr. Charles G. Schamu Liverpool, N. Y. No. 50 No. 51 No. 52 No. 53 v.. Lower Prices on Glass Packages. I have been forced to change my arrangements regarding glass pack- ages. The Company we have been dealing with refused to fill our small orders. Claimed they couldn't afford to bother with them. Took the big orders all right but didn't want the small ones. So "Tyrrell and I" sat down and talked it over. Concluded the little bee-man had just as good right to low prices as the big one. Then I got busy and the result is That I have found another place to get our glass packages at a lower price than I got before. Yes, the quality is all right. Just as good as the others. In fact if I hadn't told you you wouldn't know but they were the same packages, except in the case of No. 53. The shape of this is different, but you will be pleased with it I am sure. Here are the new prices. Send in your orders. No. 50 Jar holds one pound of honey. Has tin screw cap. Packed in corrugated paper cases holding 2 dozen each, $3.60 per gross. Packed in crates, $3.10 per gross. No. 51 Jar holds % of a pound of honey. Has tin screw cap. Packed in corrugated paper cases holding 2 dozen each, $3.50 per gross. Packed in crates, $3.00 per gross. No. 52 Jellie holds half pound of honey. Tin cap. Packed in corru- gated paper cases holding 2 dozen each, $2.40 per gross. Packed in barrels holding 25 dozen each, barrel included, at $3.75 per barrel. No. 53 Queen Jellie holds half pound honey. Tin cap. A little differ- ent shape from illustration, but will please you. Packed in corrugated paper cases holding 4 dozen each at $2.40 per gross. Packed in barrels holding 25 dozen each, barrel included, at $3.75 per barrel. These prices f. o. b. Columbus, Ohio. To save freight no order should be sent in for less than one gross. Be sure and send in your orders in plenty of time, sending cash with order. These prices for members and subscribers only. The National Bee-Keepers' Association E. B. TYRRELL, Secretary, 230 Woodland Ave., DETROIT, MICH. J Do Your Reading Now! Here is a List of the Books You Require. Send in Your Orders at Once. During the height of the busy season, when not only the bees, but everything else about the place clamors for attention, the bee-keeper hardly has time for more than the routine work necessary to keep things going, and often has to put aside the books, magazines, and other literature which he really wants to read. Now that these rush days are over, we are sure our bee-keeping friends can find time for some reading that will not only be of keen interest to them, but will give very material assistance for next season in handling the bees, producing the best and largest honey crop possible, and marketing the same to the best advantage. Below we give a partial list of the books we can furnish. Any one of these can be supplied promptly on receipt of order and we have others equally interesting and valuable. FIFTY YEARS AMONG THE BEES, by Dr. C. C. Miller. The writer is one of the most widely read on subjects pertaining to bee-keeping. The book is illustrated by photographs taken by the author and is substan- tially bound in cloth. Price $1 postpaid. ADVANCED BEE-CULTURE, by W. Z. Hutchinson. This is one of the most valuable books on bees ever published. Helpful and interesting for the beginner as well as the advanced bee-keeper. Price $1 postpaid. LANGSTROTH ON THE HONEY BEE. By C. P. Dadant. The present volume is termed the "Twentieth Century Edition" and contains a vast amount of information on practical bee culture. MANUAL OF THE APIARY. By A. J. Cook. Particularly valuable for one interested in the anatomy and physiology' of the bee and for its chapter on honey plants or bee botany. Price $1.15 postpaid. DOOLITTLE'S QUEEN REARING. Practically the only comprehensive book on queen rearing now in print. $1 postpaid. HOW TO KEEP BEES. By Anna Botsford Comstock. A charm- ingly written book for amateurs, combining enthusiasm, literary ability, and a knowledge of bee-keeping in a book well worth reading. $1 postpaid. WAX CRAFT. By Thomas W. Cowan. No bee-keeper should be without a book on wax and this is the only one on the subject in English. Price $1 postpaid. THE ABC&XYZOF BEE-KEEPING. By A. I. & E. R. Root. As the title indicates, this book is designed to cover the needs of the ama- teur and the professional bee-keeper. It is a complete text book and gives full information on every question relating to bee culture. No bee-keeper large or small can afiford to be without it. Price $1.50 postpaid. Right now is the time to order for your winter reading. You will find any one of the above books worth many times the price to you for the information they contain. The A. I. Root Company Medina, Ohio (E CHAS. F. M»Y CO.. PRINTtRS. DETROIT, »!€► mm Published Mont% JAN. 913 DETROIT MICHIGAN ONE DOLUR PER YEAR .- i At the Annual Business Show, New York City, November 11 - 16, 1912 The Underwood Type^vriter Again proved conclusively in a public demonstration its Superior Qualities in Speed Accuracy Stability Operated for eight solid hours (continuously) by eight of the world's fastest typists, in half-hour relays, one Under- wood Typewriter (taken from stock) produced the magnificent total of 55,94:4 words, averaging nearly 10' strokes per second. The crucial test of stability was here shown. Nowhere, at anv time, has a typewriter turned out such a tremendous' amount of work in the same time. This is a world's record. The UNDERWOOD TYPEWRITER in the International Speed and Accuracy Contests won First Nine places in the World's Championship. First Four places in the World's Amateur Championship. First Two places in the World's School Championship. Breaking All Former Records. Every Record, Every Year, in Every Contest is held by the UNDERWOOD. " The Machine You will Eventually Bu^ " Underwood Typewriter Company INCORPORATED Underwood Building New York BRANCHES IN ALL PRINCIPAL CITIES (established 1888) Publislied Monthly by the NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION E. B. TVRKELL, Managing Editor. Office — ii4 Hammond Bldg., Detroit, Michigan. Associate Editors: E. D. TOWNSEND, Northstar, Mich. WESLEY FOSTER, Boulder, Colo. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post office at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Terms — $1.01) a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Hawaiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. Discontinuances — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. Advertising: rates« on application. Office OF Publication - - - 214 Hammond Bldg. VOL. XXVI. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, JANUARY 1, 1913 No. 1 The Review wishes its members a very prosperous and happy Xew Year. Meeting of Apiary Inspectors of United States and Canada. A notice just received of this meeting, which is to be held in Cleveland, Ohio, in the Normal .School Building, Tuesda}^ evening, December 31st. We expect to have a report of the meeting to publish in the Review later. t A New^ Department for Beginners. While attending the Illinois Convention, or rather returning from it, one of their members suggested that many more would be interested in the Review if there was a department telling briefly what to do each month with the bees. Believing the suggestion v/orthy of a trial, at least, I have arranged to have this monthly calendar of instructions issued each month during 1913. It will not be a question and answer department, neither will it be confined to any one section, but correspondents will be secured in each division of the United States, the north, south, east, west and southwest. They may not all appear in this issue, but will as soon as they can be secured. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW The Practicable Parcels Post. A package weighing- five pounds may be sent 1,000 miles for 39 cents after January 1st, 1913. This means that if the postofifice de- partment will accept bees in wire boxes we can mail three pounds of bees from south to north for less than forty cents. The package should not weigh more than two or three pounds, feed and water included. It begins to look practicable. Tlie express companies will make rates even lower, no doubt. The wide-awake bee-keeper can do well to look into this problem very soon. — W. F. Cuban Bee-Keepers Are Jubilant Over High Prices. The following clipping from the Cuban A^ezn's is interesting: "The bee men in this vicinity are wearing 'the smile that won't come off.' Honey is selling for 59 cents. Some have already com- menced extracting and the rest are soon to follow. A good crop is expected if the cyclones will stay out in the Carribbean Sea." Do not get excited ; this undoubtedly means S9 cents per gallon, and not per pound. How would you northern fellows like to sell your nice white clover extracted honev for 59 cents per gallon? — E. B. T. Some of the Essentials of Bee-Keeping. The Massachusetts Agricultural College has issued Bulletin No. 5 on the above topic, which it would be well for every bee-keeper, especially a beginner, to secure. Even if you are not a beginner it is well to keep posted on what your state is doing along the line of your pursuit, and the bulletin can be handed to some of your neigh- bor bee-keepers when you are through with it. I am satisfied that it is for free distribution. Simply address your letter to the State Board of Agriculture, Amherst, Mass. J. P. Lucas Makes a Splendid Showing at the Kansas State Fair. According to a report received at this office, J. P. Lucas had a splendid exhibit at the Kansas fair. It consisted of a display of honey from different plants, showing the different qualities and flav- ors. Kansas produces principally alfalfa, white clover, sweet clover, Spanish needle, yellow sweet clover, and heartsease. Mr. Lucas had samples of Nebraska heartsease and white sweet clover, Georgia tupelo gum, Ohio basswood, and California orange, white sage, gum tree comb honey, sage comb honey, Manganita, and a sample of white sage honey produced in 1901 which has never yet candied. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 3 There were a good many bee-keepeis who visited the fair who took very much interest in the display, and considerable interest was shown in a proper organization of the Kansas bee-keepers to affiliate with the National. Candy for Queen Cages Made Without Honey. This office has received a sample of candy for queen cages made and sent in by O. F. Fuller, of Blackstone, Mass. The candy has been laying on my desk for some time, seems to be of good con- sistency, does not become badly affected with the changes in tem- perature and moisture, and from appearance it would seem that it should be a good substitute for candy made with honey. Mr. Fuller reports that he has been working on soft candy feed for bees for about a year, and that he wintered about twenty colonies on soft candy from about January to the time for bees to collect nectar. No doubt Mr. Fuller will give us the receipt for making this candy for publication later. — E. B. T. Conditions in the West. The dry, light volcanic ash soil spoken of in the November Re- view, is not general throughout the Rocky Mountain region. Idaho and Oregon have more of it than any of the other states. Complaint is made that the farmers are plowing up alfalfa to grow grain — that is done continually in the crop rotations. The land will be seeded to alfalfa again in a few years. The condition of an all alfalfa dis- trict as some have been in the past, will hardly come again, but fears need not be entertained that alfalfa will not be grown. Alfalfa, however, is being cut earlier than a decade ago, and there is not the nectar for the bees there was formerly. The alfalfa seed districts are still favorable for bee-keeping. Large areas of alfalfa have been plowed up for growing of sugar beets, but this land is put back to alfalfa again in a few years. The bee-men of the west rely now on sweet clover — that was the case a few years ago. — 'W. F. Introducing New Honey Plants. An almost unexplored field is that of introducing foreign honey plants to this country. We know the value of sweet clover in almost every locality. The bee-keeper now has the aid of the sheep men in spreading the seed and renoun of this valuable honey plant. Prob- ably ten times as much sweet clover seed is sown by the sheep men as by the bee-keepers. 4 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW The introduction of heather from Europe should he tried. Some southern flowers might be tried with profit farther north. This is another reason for the introduction of bee-keeping into our agri- cultural college courses. Our experiment stations conducted in connection with them should have these problems brought before them repeatedly until action is secured, but we bee-men ourselves must be the first to get action on these problems. Agricultural col- leges and experiment stations will not take up these things unless we bring them to their attention and show the need. — W. F. New Location of the OfBces of the National Bee-Keepers' Associa- tion, and The Review. Since our last issue went to press our ofifices have been moved from 2'30 Woodland avenue to 21-t Hammond building. All mail sent to this office should be sent to the latter address. We are now located in the heart of the City of Detroit. The highest building in the city — the new Dime Savings Bank building — being just diagonally across the corner from us, we can look out of cur north window to the city hall, and as I sit dictating this I can see the next to the highest building in the city, the Ford building, just diagonally across the street. We are just two blocks from the Interurban Waiting Room, but a short distance from the railroad stations, and at the vortex of practically all the street car lines of Detroit. Bee-keepers visiting this city will have no difficulty in finding our new location. Simply remember the number of the room and the building. Parcels Post Is Now In Operation. Will it help the bee-keeper? The bee supply catalogs are, I understand, listing and packing some supplies for shipment by parcels post. We can ship a pound of queens ( ?) from Louisiana to Mich- igan for nine cents (5th Zone), additional pounds at seven cents. A 3-pound package of queens (?) without combs, including a pound cage to contain them, making 4-pounds gross, would cost 30c postage. Wonder if the postal authorities would allow us to put in all ivorkers except one in the above cage? There is no reason why we should not have the privilege of using parcels post for the shipping of bees in strong shipping cases, and if we should l^e ruled against in this matter a united effort should be brought to bear on the postal department until we get our rights. Parcels post will be handled on the same line as express, i.e., in open mail and hamp- THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 5 ers. Express companies accept and carry bees either with or with- out combs. This would be a good argument to present in our case. Then there is a provision for mailing "live insects." Perhaps bees by the pound (without comb), will be accepted under this clause. Twenty-five 4-pound packages, 100 pounds, from zone 5, at 30c each, would amount to $7.50 ; while the express rate on an even 100 pounds is $5. .50, and less from some of the nearer points. It looks to me as if the expre^^s companies would still do our heavy handling, the Parcels Post the small packages up to eleven Dounds. — Town send. Notice to Subscribers Whose Subscription Expires in December. Agreeable to our announcement made by circular to all subscrib- ers whose subscriptions expire in December, this issue of the Review will be the last one you will receive, unless we shall hear from you either with remittance or a statement that you desire the Review continued. This is not done for the purpose of being arbit- rary in the matter one bit, but simply to prevent sending the paper continuously to those who do not desire it. Many have responded with the request that the paper be continued, and to those I wish to say that if the February paper fails to reach you, it will be because of an oversight here, and I want you to drop me a postal card imme- diately. To those who have not renewed or sent in request to con- tinue. I urge you to do so at once, so vou will not miss the Feb- ruary number, for we cannot promise to supply back numbers. Make Every Producer His Own Middleman. Making every producer of honey his own middle-man. would be an ideal condition. Can it be done? Likely not. There is really no excuse for a producer dividing his crop of honey with some one. for, if he is intelligent enough to manage a yard of a hundred col- onies of bees, he can surely learn the secret of selling his honey crop direct to the bottler or honey peddler, at least. Cut out the man who buys and resells in original packages, say the 60-lb. can. if extracted honey. If one sells to a middle-man it must be sold at such a price that the dealer can make a cent or two per pound, plus the freight charges to his place of business, or it would not be to his advantage to buy. We have saved this commission for a good many years by advertising our honey through the bee journals, thus getting in "touch" with the same honey peddlers and bottlers the dealers sell 6 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW to. By selling direct in this method many hundreds of dollars have been earned. The field is still open. Most bottlers or honey peddlers prefer to bny direct from the producer, but they have no way of knowing the address of the producer unless you advertise and let them know what you have for sale and 3'our address. Grade your honey, if comb, as 3'ou would like it to be graded were you in the buyer's place. If extracted, produce it in the very best and most up-to-date method, then don't make the mistake of putting "the finest sweet on earth" into second-hand cans. Use nezv can and cases. — Townsend. Tell Mr. Scott What To Do. In this number of the Review, under the head of "Some Glimp- ses of Bee-keeping" in a W^arm Climate," Air. Scott tells of his ex- perience with his bees. Mr. Scott has a general store, and keeps bees as a "side issue" or "diversion" from his regular business. By the tone of his letter one can easily see that he does not pretend that he is getting results in honey that his location would warrant. I might go ahead and tell wliat I would do under the circumstances to better his condition, but I have decided to ask the readers of the Review what they w^ould do were they in Mr. Scott's position. Con- dense your communication as much as possible, as there will likely he several who are willing to help Mr. Scott out of his difficulties. Remember that if you should point out a system of management that will double his crop of comb honey, he will .need to know what to do with this additional 1,800 lbs. he will produce, as he already is producing ail he can sell from liis store. — E. D. T. Why Not Have Motion Picture Films Advertise the Bee Business. One of our members, Mr. Ed. Hassinger, Jr., of Greenville, Wisconsin, in a personal letter to me said: "I have not seen any- thing in the bee journals with reference to motion picture films of hee culture. I believe motion pictures are not only entertaining but highly instructive, and one of the very best means of adver- tising. Therefore I suggest that the National take up this at once and spare no time or expense to make it as good as it is possible to make it. Only the best up-to-date apiaries, hives and methods to be shown, always with printed explanation. The business of producing honey should be shown step by step, etc. If the National can and will take this up, members of same can ^•end in suggestions ■on just how and what should be shown, etc., the editors to make -a memorandum, and then proceed with same next season. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 7 "I consider this absolutely essential, or some of the most im- portant articles might be overlooked." Let us hear from the other members on this topic. — E. B. T. Each American Ate 87 lbs. of Sugar in 1912, The following clipping was taken from one of our daily papers and is interesting to bee-keepers from the fact that it shows to what enormous quantities the consumption of sugar has attained. Is it not possible for the bee-keepers to duplicate some of this consump- tion with our fine qualities of honey? Certainly here's a field worth cultivating : WASHINGTON, December 16.— Each person in the United States this year will have used about 87 pounds of sugar, the per capita consumption of this article having increased from 80 pounds in 1910, 59 pounds in 1900, and 39.5 in 1880, say the bureau of foreign and domestic commerce. The total sugar consvmiption this year will exceed 8,000,000,000 pounds against 4,500,000,000 in 1910. The cost this year is $400,000,000, $1,000,000 a day. One- fourth of this sugar came from the United States proper; another fourth from Hawaii and Porto Rico, the remainder from foreign countries, chiefly Cuba. The large increase this year in the production of beet sugar in this country is noted. 1,400,000,000 pounds having been raised against 1,000,000,000 pounds in 1910 and less than half that amount in 1905. What President Snyder, of Michigan Agricultural College Told the Michigan Bee-Keepers. President Snyder, of the M. A. C, gave us a fine talk at our state meet in Lansing last month. Of the several subjects broached I will mention one that seemed to me as being to the point. It was his stand on the high cost of living. He contends that the product of the soil, including honey, will never be cheap again, for, sa3^s he, "skilled labor commands high wages and it has come to pass that all rural products including honey require skilled labor." I quote from memory. Take the production of honey. Many of us can remember back, when the seasons were better than now, we had no diseases among our bees to require extra skill to handle. It was not much of a "trick" to produce a crop of honey those days. At the present time none but the "skilled" can hope to succeed, for we are "up against" hard winters, poor seasons, several brood diseases, so much so that those who do not thoroughly post themselves can not hope to "win out." Let us make it a special point during the season of 1913 to help those bee-keepers already in the business to produce a "skilled" product, a product so good in quality that there will be no question « THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW but what there will be a demand for it at "skilled" prices. This is a period of the "survival of the fittest." The enemy of the bee is rampant. Only the alert, wide-awake bee-keeper will sur- vive. Which place will you accept, brother, success, or oblivion? Let us all make a new year resolve to keep "more bees" better, and produce more better honey than in any previous year. By so doing" we will better ourselves, our brother producer and the consuming public. — To\vx.SEXD. Characteristics of the Drone Most Apt to be Transmitted. THE FIRST BREEDER OF ITALIANS IN HIS LOCALITY TELLS OF HIS EARLY EXPERIENCES. TAKES ISSUE WITH DR. BONNEY AND ALSO SUPPORTS HIM. SOME THEORIES UPSET. By H. L. JEFFREY, Woodbury, Conn. [Clear the ring, boys, for a good old fashioned school-boy scrap. Mr. Jeffrey writes me that he is in his sixties. Dr. Bonney must be somewhere around there also. He has been just itching for a scrap the whole year, and Mr. Jeffrey has pulled off his coat to give it to him. The only trouble is that these two fellows are so near alike in their views that I'll bet the first man who tries to part them will have to lick the two of them. The only ring rules imposed is one that I am sure is not necessary, and that is that all personalities are barred. Seriously, though, this question of better l)ees is getting interesting. If our so-called improvement has been largely a myth we want to know it. And if some breeders have been taking advantage of it, that also wants to be known. We have been buying queens for years to improve our bees, and now comes the state- ment that the drones are more important in transmitting qualities than the queen. How about it, you who are breeding?] ■ •Jl HAVE been reading the writings of Dr. A. F. Bonney and his Jl extracts from the letters of others, but when I saw his dia- gram on page 40T of the November number of the Review, I just had to whoop. "I wonder if he is trying to induce some one to raise the most cussed stingers on earth." Without explaining- why so, I'll tell what the results are. The Italian queen (pure) mating with the black drone (pure) so far as I have ever known, (and I knew them both, Italian and blacks, way back as far as 1870, and I had them both in their purity in 1874. That I do know.) The workers from that Italian queen and black drone would be stingers for certain and very mean to handle. The workers would be of a variation from as black as the blackest to as yellow as the yellowest of the pure blood of the Ital- ians, and his diagram of half bloods is a fake. Then the matings of young queens of that Italian and black mating would be and are varied in color, size and other wavs as are the workers. Force these THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 9 queens to mate with Italian drones by having only Italian drones so far as you can control them, by excluding and exterminating all other drones, and you have not got the three-quarter in this second generation, but, from the light colored queens mating with the Ital- ian drone you will have workers predominating in the lighter col- ored workers, and from the darker queens mated wath Italian drones you will have predominating the light chocolate colored workers, long" heavy abdomens and very good honey gatherers (breeding these chocolate things together are what produced the celebrated big- brown German bee of the eighties), and likely to be more gentle than the brighter colored stock of the same cross and generation. But! They are the race-horses to run out of the hive entrance when suddenly smoked on top of the frames, while those of the yellower class are most likely to give the stinging resentment in full degree. Selecting the queens to work and breed from out of this second cross with Italian drone, (_as in illustration the three-quarter blood Italians) raise the queens to mate with Italian drones. And the workers from those selected light colored queens as the ones used as breeders, and what do you get in their w^orkers? As In' the dia- gram it is 14/16. Is it? Well, you get some queens that are very dark brown and some queens that are nearly all yellow all over, and all of these queens mated to pure Italian drones, very nearly every queen will throw some good bright colored four-banded workers, and some of the very brightest colored of the queens will throw both four-banded and five-banded workers. Try it Dr. Bonney and see for yourself. I was there thirty years ago, and have continually seen the same every year since. In your next, or fourth generation of the queens selected and mated to Italian drones, you can select queens that do and will throw solid yellow worker bees, and they will more or less show ^-he dis- position to sting. Xow here is a dig at your diagram. From the queens raised from the queens of the first Italian queen mated to black drone, will you please to raise some drones. Those drones from the increase of Italian blood will in each generation of the Italian influence show more and brighter yellow bands, that show the influence of the Italian blood as a mixture. The real pure Italian drone has only a band tinged with a coppery bronze edge, while the drones with that trace of black blood in them can. will, and do, have a distinctly yel- low or mottled yellow marking on from one to three of the abdomen bands. How much of this article looks like good common sense to Dr. Bonney and all the rest, or how much is that glorious scientific w^ork that has a high sounding, great big noisy name. I don't care one rap, See? I have been all through that game and that n^ad I have 10 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW traveled and kept detailed records for years past of a whole big- lot of these things. Not scientific experiments — no not one — only a lot of things that the "old dame nature" and her laws have just sledge hammered into me. What do you think of that? Here's the accidental start on one little bee chase (not experi- ment) : I was one of those big celebrities, bee-handlers and trans- ferers from any sort of a box to the movable comb hive, way back in the last of the sixties and early seventies. At some of the places I would find one or more hives where the bees were quite notice- ably better than the rest. This was in the days of the black bees, in the last of the sixties and early seventies. About 1873 I ob- tained the Italians, I then knew how to raise queens. In 1874 and '75 the Italian mixtures began to show among the black bees. Oc- casionally a hive showed a very bright Italian bee and in some in- stances a hive showed up a predominating number of striped bees. At that time I had been taking care of Mr. Amos Alitchel's bees for three seasons. During the second season at Mitchel's I saved a lot of queen cells, because his bees were really superior to the average and I tried to and did save all that I could and used them where I could. The second year with Italians was the third season with the -^electing of queens in Mitchel's bees. I raised all the young queens I could by saving cells from this best stock. I also raised thousands of the Italian drones. 'Mitchel's bees were four miles from my Italians. A few of the Mitchel young queens met Italian drones. The Amos Mitchel black queens that mated with Italian drones showed up to be superior workers and very gentle to handle. One of the black queens showed exceedingly bright Italian workers. So much were they on the bright side that it was a tantalizing remark often heard: "Say, Hen., if you eould breed your yellow hornets (Italian workers) as bright as the mongrels are, you would feel big some, eh?" I reasoned this way: "The same egg that hatches a worker hatches a queen." But how to sort out the eggs? Well, I sorted this way: I got all the queen cells I could get built by that acci- dental "come by chance" hive of bees. I made a hive and a tray with cell cages in it to hold the queen cells while the queens chewed out. The little glass top let me distinguish the black ones from the striped or yellow ones. The black ones all got pinched, the yellow ones were saved, and given a chance to mate with Italian drones. The queens were raised by the hundred to save out but very few, and of the few saved there were less that did mate with Italian drones. This was the testing out of the drone mating. All of this work was from that accidental start of queens that mismated, and I followed it up in the test. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 11 By sorting- out the yellowish queens of the first cross, letting them mate with Italian drones, then waiting until their workers come out full grown, then sorting again, and no one can tell how many queens were raised from that mismated black queen and sorted out. At that time, remember, I had the only hive of Italian bees known within 35 miles. That was Bridgeport, Conn. Two other hives had been in Litchfield county, but had been handled to death, so they did not live through the season. Under those cir- cumstances I was not guessing at results because I did find out to the certainty for three years just how far off the black queens did meet with the Italian drones. I had the sure proof that black queens meeting Italian drones produced good working bees, and I also learned, as did lots of others, that the black drone mating can, does and will produce ugliness to calculate upon. In that second and third Ital- ian drone mating starting with queens from that Italian mated, Amos Alitchel queen, I got hives of bees showing nearly all of the workers evenly striped with yellow bands. Not leather, ochre, mahogany or tan color, but clear bright yel- low color banded bees. From that crossing I obtained the first yellow workers or queens that i ever saw. And in 1876 and '17 I was selling plenty of yellow queens and also the queens to produce the real yel- low worker bees, (there are people living that know of them), but from Italian drones on the black queen I accident- ally hit a good-natured cross. vSome others tried the black drone as in the Dr. Bonney dia- gram, and they got ugliness where I obtained good nature in my accidental catch on to the cross breeding. See? I have for years noticed plainly that the Italian drone mated to other varieties would be as a rule very satisfactorily good, but on the reverse they were ugly enough. And drones raised from the queens of the third or fourth gen- eration of stock from that black drone cross do show a cross dis- EXTRACT FROM A POPULAR NOVEL. ' There tvas a cry of despair as he sank into his seat 12 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW position to a marked degree, against the equal tests of drones from the cross of the Italian drone on the black queen. Why? How? Under what law or influence the same two var- ieties produce such very opposite results is a question I do not con- sider possible for any man to prove a tangible reason for. In figur- ing on the breeding of bees Dr. Bonney has proof on his side. To see it look here: In the hive of a mismated queen, hunt it close, do you not find some workers that are distinctly representative of both parental varieties, and also all grades of the go-betweens? There is the fake of Dr. Bonney's diagram "half bloods." Shoot that one-half blood out of sight. But when he has eliminated that black bood — What? Where did that black shiny queen or worker bee or drone come from? And here is an- other nut to crack and pick the meat out of: There is not a strain of Goldens or Yellow, or four or five-banded bees on this earth that have not got black blood in them. See ! by the same law that the w a s h e r- women put blueing" into their rinsing- water to make white clothes w^hiter, black blood into the Italian bee makes the yellow stripes brighter. A whole lot will contradict that law but it is true. The prescril)ed rules of arithmetic do not allow that diA'ision is multiplying, and yet it is a fact that it is so. How many of the mathematicians will admit that subtracting, extracting or taking one from two, you have three as the result? Yes and you may and can take 8 from 2 and have 10. These to look at are not common-sense or the great big scientific laws, but nature does it by natural laws, and shoot the rules of the arithmetics. Nature can and has sat a tom turkey on hen's eggs and completely raised a large brood of chickens. That isn't common sense or scientific law. but who cares? f don't. I do know these things are all true. I have seen them all in practical existence hundreds of times. But, doctor, you touch the point jokingly that "Some one knew you did not know anything or not much about ]:)ees — that you are "looking for some information." "Knock and it shall be opened unto you. Ask and ye shall receive. Seek and ve shall find.'' This A Finland Apiary. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 13 applies to old Dame Nature's domain. Doctor, y )\i are riyht in Your doubt of '"improving bees."' And you are also way. way wrong, see ^ Some Glimpses of Bee-keeping in a Warm Climate. JOSEPH S. SCOTT. '^WX Mr. J. L. Byer's article, April Review, he asks for experi- J]l ences with escape boards. I have used twelve for four years and have never had the least bit of trouble with them. Just slip one between the super and hive or between two supers, as the case may be. and next morning just take off — and there is "nary a bee" in the super. THE SWARMING FROBIiEM A SEK- lOUS ONZ:. I have o() colonies in Danz hives run for c o m b honey. Have taken oft' to date 400 lbs., and have had about 25 or 30 swarms. No joke ! It's a serious thing with me. We would have two or three days warm w e a t h e r and bees would work like fury on ti-ti bloom, then a da\' or two of rain and cool nights and "oh, you swarmy !"' Have done e\'erything I could think of but can't stop them. Had tw^o swarms yesterday, April 15th. and three up to noon today. There is a constant flow of nectar in my locality from fruit bloom in ^Nlarch until cotton stops blooming in October, or when killed by a frost. Sometimes the flow is heavy, sometimes light, but honey is always coming in. A person should have no trouble in averaging 100 lbs. to 150 lbs. per colony in a season. I have gotten as much as 350 lbs. without any other work other than putting on or taking off supers. But I have no market for it. Everybody here makes enough cane syrup to last them through the year and. therefore, buy honey only as a "special dish." Sections like your picture of fancy and No. 1 I can only get 10c for. BOX HIVES ARE THE PBEVAII.IirO KIND IN USE. All bee-keepers in my neighborhood use the box hive. In many cases thev cut out what honev there is regardless of what kind of Brothers to the Carniolan Bee. — Finland. 14 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW flow there may be on. They never feed. A man near me has, and has had ever since I can remember, about 75 hives of bees. He says he cannot keep more, as they die out in winter. Starvation and moths are to blame. I cannot persuade him to gel ''up-to-date" hives. I really cannot see how it would help him much, for he sells his honey at 75c per gallon after straining it out of the combs. He gets about as much money out of his crop as I, so what's the use I I have very little time to spend with my bees, but have averaged 50 lbs. comb honey per colony for four years. THE NEW SWARMS ARE NOT HIVES BUT AI.I.OWEI} TO GO AWAY. I have saved but two new swarms this year, and these were both put into one hive, as I do not want any more bees. Have all I can attend to and get all the honey I can sell. Guess I'm a pecu- liar bee-keeper, but I enjoy working with them when I have time. Mt. Pleasant, Ala., April 16th, '12. Bee-Keeping in Australia, Briefly Told. HONEY CROP IS FROM EUCALYPTUS— AN AVERAGE OF 360 POUNDS PER COLONY— BUT FEW BEE DISEASES— THE WRITER WOULD LIKE T SPEND SEASON IN AMERICA. By W, A. COLLINS, Dunkeld, Victoria, Australia. [It certainly is a pleasure to receive letters like this one, and the one from Jesse Bickford, of Cuba. We get glimpses of conditions that we never would guess. You will certainly enjoy the season spent in this country, and I doubt not that you can find a place with some American bee-keeper who produces comb honey, so that you can not only learn our ways, but pay all or a large part of your expenses for the trip, and as you will be here during your winter time, no loss need be sustained from your own bees at home, as you can get back to them by November when your honey flow begins. Our American bee-keepers could do vvell to look into this migrating to a southern clime for a winter or two and have a honey flow the vear around. — W. R] ' "Jl HAVE two apiaries here in Australia of 200 colonies, and Jl would like to get in the bee line in the states for a season, to see how they work things. I intend to take a run through the states next March or April for this purpose. I would like to know of a place where I could get on and the wages they give for bee- keepers. The wage here is about £2-o to i?-10 ; that is eleven to twelve dollars a week and keep. We have no clover in Australia to speak of — our crop is from the eucalyptus ; we get fair yields I have taken an average of 360 pounds per colony, although it depends much on the season. We start faking honey here about the first week in November; it lasts THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 15 till the end of February. Australia is. as I suppose you know, a continent about as large as your America, with only four millions of a population. The bee-keeper rents the tree tops from the government within a mile radius of the bee 3'ard at one cent per acre. The bee range law protects him from intruders and mill men. There is a large scope for practical men like you have in your states, as Australia is a long way down the ladder as regards bee-keeping and honey-pro- ducing. Bee diseases are few, the worst being spring dwindling. The bees disappear in the warm spring days, and abscond with hives full of honey. This I put down to scarcity of pollen and old bees going into winter. We do not have to cellar our bees, as snow is a rare sight. We have a foul brood law in Victoria, but there is none to speak of here, as it has been checked before it got a footing. The production of comb honey is a thing practically unheard of and I think the localities are ideal for it. I might say that Austra- lians will hold out a helping hand for the mere asking, and that for the adventurous and push-ahead young chap, Australia deserves his thought. An American Beginner in Cuba. VETERAN BEE-KEEPERS IN CUBA. A GOOD WORD FOR THE BLACK BEE. SOME EXPERIENCES OF A BEGINNER. A COLONY OF STINGLESS CUBAN BEES. By JESSE H. BICKFORD, Peralta, via Calabaya, Prov. Sta. Clara. ^^^E have some veteran bee-keepers in Cuba, and I should like ^L/ to waken them up and read what they have to say. -\Ir. Packwood has been in the business here for many years. ^Ir. Cressy and ^Ir. Andrews of Cuba, \Mocha, have made it their business for the last nine years. I had the pleasure of being a neighbor and friend of these gentlemen, working wi^-h them over a year and firmly contracting the bee fcA'er. Two months ago I started with 66 hives of black bees, that had been dumped out of boxes into movable comb hives. Some had five frames with only bees enough to cover three, and some only one, and but one side of that covered with bees. Some had queens, some none, and two or three had fertile workers, which is worse than none — and, well, they were a mess. The first thing I did was to get rid of the fertile workers, and as I had no strong colony -to' put them with, I took them out some distance from the stand, having put a new hive with foundation and 16 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW one frame of brood in place of the old one, and shook them out. The result was — the fertile workers got lost in the shuffle. It prov'ed not so bad a treatment, but is not always sure. The queenless colonies I attended to a little later, when I had a few frames of brood to spare. The first ones I gave two frames of brood, one frame sealed and the other eggs. This never failed to Wm. Castcllo, Harrison Valley, Pa., Has a Good Looking Apiary. cause the bees to build cells, even in some colonies that had been queenless so long that there was not a pint of discouraged bees left. When I had queen cells enough I grafted some into frames of brood and gave to the others. All but two accepted their cells. These two would keep them three or four days and then open them. I then tried giving these queens and after several trials have got one to take a queen. The other is still queenless, but am still trying. They ball a queen as soon as they get at her, but they give me a good experiment station. I am going to try making Baptists of them next time, as recommended in the Rkniew. I now have G-A colonies, the best with 15 frames, the smallest with three frames of brood, which is doing pretty well. Several have one story well filled with brood and honey. We owe our success to the campanilla flower. Of this beautiful flower many acres bloomed the second week after I went to work, which saved the apiary. I have named it the Campanilla Apiary. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 17 The Campaiiilla is about one-half the size of our morning- glory of old New England. The flower is white, going- to a delicate yel- low in the center. It produces the finest honey raised in Cuba. The Italian is probably the best bee, Ijut I will put in a good word for the black bee. Like the mule she has a bad name, hut I have found even mules become as much pets as horses with kind treatment. These bees had been dumped from the box hives into hives with the frames of foundation, wired, loose, tied at the corners and criss- crossed, the wires not imbedded ! There were lots of bee moths among- them and under these conditions I did not blame them for being- mighty ugly. Aly wife and I have been constantly working- among them ; there have not been three days in succession that we have not had every frame out, hunting- moth, scraping- the hive or something of the sort. Instead of the bees getting worse they have become quite agreeable and we do not pat them on the backs, either. We do not have the time. i2 Photo of Ira D. Bartlett's Apiary, East Jordan, Mich. For a bee brush we use a white wing- about eighteen inches long, which comes from the Ganson — a Cuban crane. I cut them oft" at the first joint and wired the butt with bicycle tape for a handle, and it makes the best bee brush I have ever seen. If the bees begin to get noisy I give them plent}- of pitch pine 18 THE BEE-KEEPERS REVIEW smoke. ]\Iy wife runs the smoker and is niggardly of smoke, at least I think so when she is helping me. Sometimes she forgets the smoker in watching me and the bees. When working by herself she is even worse — she lets it go out entirely, but I like a little smoke over the hive when handling. It is true, as our friend in Jamaica says, bee-keeping in the tropics is different from Maine or Califor- nia, although we shall have many acres of wild sage bloom next month. The only fault I find with the Rf.view is, there is not enough of it. If this will not do it, please write something that will stir up the American bee-keepers in Cuba. I have a colony of stingless Cuban bees. They are about one- half the size of the Italians and look very much like them. They have fine yellow bands and store a very clear honey indeed. They will kill the common bee at once, but never sting. Some Things to Observe in Extensive Bee-Keeping. ADVOCATES STEAM-H EATED UNCAPPING KNIFE: PORTABLE EX- TRACTING OUTFITS; A SIX OR EIGHT FRAME EXTRACTOR. SELLS 2,0C0 TO 50,000 POUNDS OF HONEY EACH YEAR MOSTLY TO CONSUMERS. HEATS HONEY AS SOON AS EXTRACTED. By VIRGIL SIRES, North Yakima, Wash. [While we are puttering around with a little dinky outfit, working our heads off to care for an apiary or t\^ o, we are apt to find that our neighbor has been ' doing several times the work, but with a system that makes it comparatively easy for him. Mr. Sires uses a large storage tank and heats the noney as suun us extracted. This is done automatically, and saves much time in remelting candied honey later. If you have ever had experience in buving candied honey which you had to melt to resell vou can appreciate the advantage of this system. There is anc)ther point in favor of this plan, and that is that many buyers think candied honey is last year's honey. I had an experience of that kind just lately, when I had to put up a stiff argument on behalf of one of our members, where a buyer of his honey thought it was not this year's honey because it was candied.] '^^^ HE cappings-melter and the steam heated uncapping knife are ^J two of the most important inventions of recent years to help solve the problems of handling large crops of extracted honeVo Where a number of apiaries are kept scattered over a large ter- ritory the best plan for extracting is the portable extracting outfit on wheels. It should be fitted with all machinery in place ready to commence operations very soon after arriving at a yard. An outfit to enable two or three operators to extract from fifteen hundred to four thousand pounds per day, should consist of a six or eight frame power extractor, a cappings melter, a steam-heated imcapping knife, a heater to heat and clarify the honey as fast as extracted, and a large tank large enough to hold at least a half day's extractinsf. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 19 Heating- the honey settles one of the most perplexing questions connected with extracted honey production ; especially is this true in our dry climate in the alfalfa districts where our honey is so thick it is practically impossible to strain it while cold. The old way of putting it into large tanks or five-gallon cans and letting it become candied before we can find the time to heat and strain it and get it into our regular packages for market, is enough to disgust any one with extracted honey production. The best way to handle candied honey is never to let it candy, and the best way to keep it from candying is to heat it as fast as extracted. If heated to about 140 or 150 degrees at this time it will keep liquid for a year. This I have proven by actual test the past two years. Our alfalfa honey will begin to granulate in two or three weeks after extracting if not heated. (I am of the opinion that honey heated before granulation will keep liquid longer than if heated after it has granulated, but am not satisfied on this point). Honey right from the extractor without being heated 1 find practically impossible to properly strain either through cloth or by the gravity system. Perhaps in some localities where honey has not much body or if extracted 1)efore it is properly ripened, the above methods may be satisfactory, but in our dry climate with alfalfa honey properly ripened it is so thick that to strain it through cloth is out of the question, and as to the gravity system it simply will not work with any speed, as it takes hours and sometimes days for the particle of wax pollen and other foreign matter to rise to the top. Xo doubt the great bulk of the honey produced is put into five- gallon cans as fast as extracted with more or less attempt made at straining and allowed to granulate before it is sold. If sold to the wholesale dealer no liquifying is required. But the bee-keeper who sells to the retail grocer or to the consumer direct, or to the honey peddler, will be obliged to liquify it or put it into the different retail packages. My experience is that very few consumers want the candied honey. A fine article of thick ripe liquid honey is what takes with most people, and they will come back for more. wSome years ago we practiced selling honey in the granulated form and had plenty of complaints from customers which required a lot of explaining to prove that it was pure honey, and also how to liquify the same, although plain 4nstructions were printed on the labels. For the last twelve years we have sold from 2,000 to 50.000 pounds of honey each year, mostly direct to consumers and since giving our customers nothing but a uniform grade of liquid honey put up in bright new tins or glass, we receive nothing but praise for the line quality of the honey, and have not yet been able to pro- duce enough to supply our trade. 20 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW The season of 1911 my bee-keeping neighbor, Mr. V. V. Dexter, and myself combined our forces at extracting time and planned a portable outfit on wheels. The wagon used was a medium low wheel farm wagon with bolster springs. The floor space being 7 x 12 feet, a frame work of light material was built on this and the whole covered with canvas, except screens about two feet wide the whole length on each side for ventilation and light, the door being placed at the front end the machinery all placed as far to the rear as pos- sible leaving room in the front to pile in loaded and empty supers. It is fitted up with a four frame power extractor, a combined cap- pings melter and honey heater, a steam heated honey knife, and a storage tank holding 1,200 pounds of honey. The tank is swung under the floor. The machinery is so arranged that one man can do the work of uncapping, tending the extractor and putting the empty combs into the super ready to ])e returned to the bees without the necessity of taking but few steps. Where the honey is very thick and requires lots of time in the extractor to empty the combs, one man can do all the work of oper- ation, but when it is thin enough to be easily thro\vri out two men are required as one man would be kept busy uncapping while the other tended the extractor and other work. As the honey leaves the extractor it enters the heating pan which is made on the same prin- cipal as the pans used for making maple and cane syrup, only on a much smaller scale — the honey entering one end flows from side to side between partitions until it reaches the other end. By this time it is heated to the proper temperature and runs through a tube to the tank under the floor. The partitions in the pan are so arranged that no wax or other matter can flow with the honey, the impurities rise to the top and can be removed at pleasure. The operation is automatic, honey from the extractor entering one end, heating and clarifying itself as it flows to the other end. entering the tank below, where it can be drawn into five gallon cans or other packages ready for the market. The cappings are melted in another part of the pan and the honey from this can be kept separate or run in with the other as desired. For this outfit we used four gasoline burners to heat the honey and melt the cappings. This outfit while it does good work can be greatly improved. The cappings melter is combined with the heater. This idea I think is wrong, as the operation of one interferes more or less with the working of the other. The expense for fuel is far less than if the honey was allowed to granulate before heating. If by short cuts and proper methods of management we can cheapen production, we at the same time increase our profits without raising the prices of honey, which has a tendency to curtail con- sumption. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 21 The ideas and systems here described I believe to be along^ the right line. \Mth that idea in mind and the experience I have had along these lines I believe I will l^e al)le to perfect an outfit which will be in advance of anything" yet devised. I am now at work on an outfit which will include some new features, but the success or failure of this will not be known until another season. I wish to give due credit to my bee-keeper friends, ]\lr. Robert Cirong and Mr. \'. \*. Dexter, for what they have done along these same lines. If I succeed in making a more perfect out- fit a great deal of my success will be due to their ideas and sug- gestions. Too much praise cannot be given the steam-heated uncapping knife. It is in my opinion the most practical tool for the purpose ever invented. Three years" use has proven to me that all the ob- jections I ever heard or read of it are groundless. The only possible objection I can find is the condensation of steam letting the water run into the cappings, but that is not so objectionable as the old sys- tem of knives immersed in hot water, because the water condensed from steam is pure and clean. A Novel Foundation Fastener. A MACHINE THAT CUTS ITS OWN FOUNDATION AS WELL AS FASTENS IT IN THE SECTION. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION -^. OF THE JENKS FASTENER. By WESLEY FOSTER, Boulder, Colo. '^^^ HE old Parker foundation fasteners have about all vanished \^ from use except by the smaller bee-keepers. The hot plate machines have taken their places. Some of us have believed that the old pressure method of fastening foundation was obsolete, but here is a simple little machine costing but a few dollars that has any and all machines beaten for speed. ^Ir. E. J. W'allinger's help- ers at Las Animas put up five hundred sections an hour, using a top and bottom starter. This little machine cuts its own foundation, or rather it bites ofif as narrow or wide a strip as you wish, and the same big tooth or "cutter bar" as Mr. Jenkins calls it, bites the wax down into the fibre of the section. Mr. D. S. Jenkins, of Las Animas, Colorado, is the inventor of this little machine, as well as many other little ingenious bee-keeping devices. Needless to say that this "Jenks" foundation machine has to be worked in a warm room at a temperature of about 90 degrees. Salt water is recommended to wet the cutter bar should the wax get 22 THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW to sticking. Those who have used the machines say they are very satisfactory and that the starters do not drop down any more than with the hot plate machines. Below I am appending instructions for operating the machine which Mr. Jenkins has sent me: "First know that the temperature is right, about 90 degrees (Fahrenheit). Have some salt water near to wet cutter bar when wax besrins to stick. The Jeuks Foundation Fastener. "Fasten the 'Jenks' to a table in just such a position that the edge of the table will allow the clamp to drop down about the same as shown in cut. Place section in clamp, lay foundation on cutter- bar and bend over end, press snugly against end of cutter-bar, with left hand put section snugly in clamp, while thus, clamp section ; bring up clamp with right hand, hold down lever with left hand, while down push back clamp ; this cuts and sticks the foundation at the same time." Something About the Buying and Selling of Honey. ANOTHER ARGUMENT FOR UNIFORM GRADING RULES. HONEY SOLD FOR A HIGHER GRADE THAN WHAT IT IS BOUGHT FOR. QUOTATIONS IN BEE-JOURNALS ATTACKED. By a Reliable Member Who Prefers Not to Have His Name Used. The above article will appear in the Fel)ruary number. Renew now and read it. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 23 THIS SPACE will contain the new National Grading Rules, either wording or pidures, after the National Convention in February. HONEY QUOTATIONS BOSTON — Fancy white comb honey, 16c to 17c. No. 1 white comb honey, 15c to 16c. Fancy white extracted honey, 10c to lie. Light amber extracted honey, 9c to 10c. Am- ber, 8c to 9c. Wax, 30c. BLAKE-LEE CO., Nov. 23. 4 Chatam Row. CINCINNATI— The demand for comb and extracted honey is light w-ith a good supply. No. 1 white comb honey sells in large lots at S3. 60 per case of 2.5 sections; there is no demand for off grades. White extracted honey in 60-pound cans is selling from 9^ to 10 cents, light amber in barrels 7 to 7^ cents, in 60-pound cans 8 to Syi cents. Beeswax fair demand, sells at $33.00 per hundred. The above are our selling prices, not what we are paying. C. H. W. WEBER & CO., Dec. 21. 2146-48 Central Ave. CHIC.XGO — Honey has sold well during the first half of December, but stocks are still heavy and prices are being made at less than quotations herein given by people who do not make a specialty of honey. Hence, it is dif- ficult to give exact figures. No. 1 white comb honey ranges from 15c to 16c per lb., with the fancy bringing 17c per lb. No. 2 white from 10c to 14c per lb. No. 1 to fancy amber 13c to 15c per lb. Dark grades of comb and lots out of condition sell at from 8c to 10c per lb. Extracted honey: In new cans and cases, white clover and linden brings 9c to 10c per lb. Other grades of white honey about Sc per lb., with amber grades ranging from 7c to Sc per lb. Beeswax steady at from 30c to 32c per lb. according to color and cleanliness. Dec. 18. R. A. BURNETT & CO. ICANSAS CITY, MO.— The supply of honey is .equal to the demand. The demand is fair for both e.xtracted and comb. We quote as follows: No. 1 white comb, 24-sec. cases, $3.15 to $3.25; No. 2 white comb. 24-sec. cases, S3-.00: No. 1 amber comb. 24-sec. cases, $3.00; No. 2 amber comb, 24-sec. cases, $2.50 to $2.75; extracted white, per pound 8 to 854c; extracted amber, per pound 7 to Sc; beeswax, per pound, 25 to 28c. Dec. 18. C. C. CLEMONS PRODUCE CO. CINCINNATI — There is a big supply of both comb and extracted honej', and the sales are slower than they have been for some time back. This is quite natural, for Christmas candies and nuts have the attention of the buying public at this time of the year. We are selling fancy comb honey at $3.75 to $4.00 a case; and our best grades of extracted honey in 60-lb. cans at from 8J/2C to 10c a lb., and amber extracted honey in barrels at 654c to Sc a lb., according to the quantity and quality purchased. For choice bright yellow beeswax we are paying 28c a lb., delivered here. THE FRED W. MUTH CO., "The Busy Bee Men.," Dec. 17. 204 Walnut Street. NEW YORK CITY— Comb honey is getting well cleaned up and prices are very firm on all grades. While some small shipments are com- ing along as yet, the bulk of the crop has been marketed and from now on. receipts will be next to nothing. We quote fancy white at 16c, No. 1 white at 15c. No. 2 white at 13c and 14c, dark and mixed at 12c per pound. The market is easy on extracted honey and prices are gradually declining, especially so on Porto Rican and other West Indian honey. Receipts of new crop have been quite large recently and will probably continue so for sev- eral months to come. The demand is very light, hence the decline in prices. We quote West Indian at 75c per gallon, white clover at 8;/2C to 9c per pound, California light amber sage at 9c to 954c, buckwheat at Sc per pound. Dec. 20. HILDRETH & SEGELKEN. DENVER — \\'e quote comb honey in- a job- bing way at the following figures: Strictly fancy white, $3.15; No. 1. $3.05; choice, $2.S5; No. 2, $2.70. Extracted honey, white, 9c; light amber, Sc; strained, oj^c to 7c. We pay 26c in cash and 2Sc in trade for clean yellow beeswax, delivered here. THE COLORADO HONEY PRODUCERS' ASSN., Dec. 19. F. Rauchfuss, Mgr. H. D. MURRAY will tell in an early issue ho^v he handles 11 apiaries in three counties. Send in your renewal promptly so as not to miss this article. 24 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW BEGINNERS DEPARTMENT What To ©o Each Month This Departiiiciit zvill be a permanent feature for the year 1913. ll'helher it is continued after that, or not, zcill depend upon how it is received by the subscribers. This paper is being published for your interest, and it is our desire to give you zvhat you zcant. If this Department is not zvanted it zcill not be continued. There zvill be another contributor, and possibly tii'o. to begin zvitJi the February number in this Department. Mr. Wilder zvill conduct a Southern Department, and I am trying to get one for the Xorthzvcstem states. JANUARY— Northern States. By Jessf: H. Robp:rts. As this is usually the coldest month of the year, little can be done with the bees. In the northern states they seldom get a fly during this month. Should there be plenty of snow it would be good to heap it up all around your hives. There is no danger of smothering them, as I did this when living in Wisconsin. The snow is porous enough to admit all the air that is necessary for the bees. This protects the hives from the cold winds. Should there be a break so that they could fly, scatter a little straw about the hives so they do not light on the snow and get chilled. If you winter in a cellar you can do little with your bees. Poke the dead bees out of the entrance every week. Xow is the time to prepare hives, and post yourself thoroughly, by means of good books and bee journals devoted to the subject. Do not dis- turb the bees when the weather is cold — do not thump on the hives nor lift ofif the cover to see if they are alive. This is very injurious, as the bees fill themselves with honey, causing dystentary. JANUARY— New England and Eastern United States. By Burton X. Gates. .issistaiit Professor of Hcc-Kecpiiii:;, Massachusetts A'^riciiltiiral Collc\;:;i.\ The seasonal fluctuations of New England mid-winter are frequently of concern to bee-keepers. Until the 8th of December, 191',?, the month was unusually warm. On the 6th bees flew from 8:30 until 4:30. This exceptional weather may be slightly disastrous from the fact tliat within the next forty-eight hours the thermometer registered below 10° Fahrenheit. It typifies the extremes to which bees in this locality are subjected. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 25 11. Coming Conventions \\'ashington — Jan. 8 and 9. Massachusetts State — Worcester. Jan. Ohio — Columbus, Jan. 14 and 15. Indiana — Indianapolis, Jan. 24. Kansas — About Jan. 20 to 23. National — Cincinnati, Feb. 12 and 13. Every Bee-Keeper Welcome at the Cincinnati Meeting. Are You Plan- ning to go ? Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your advertisement in this department. BEES AND QUEENS. For Sale — 25 colonies bees, a quantity of hives, comb-honey supers and other supplies. If you want to save money write Leon C. Wheeler, Barryton, Mich. Golden Itali.\n Queens that produce golden bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each $1, six $5; tested $2. J. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. If Vou Wish the best of untested three- band Italian queens, send us your orders: T.jc eacli, $i.-2o per 6, or $8. (ID per dozen. No order too small or too large for our prompt attention. Thirty years' experience. The Golden Rule Bee Co., Riverside. Calif. Carniolan Queens. — Bred from best im- ported stock. Many colonies can be manip- ulated without the use of smoke or veil. Un- tested, one for $.75, six for $4.25, twelve for $8.00. Tested, one for $1.00, six for $5.00, twelve for $10.00. William Kernan, Dushore, Pa., R. D. 2. The Key to successfal honey production is good queens. We raise three-band Italians that make bees that gather us large crops of honey. We know how; we will sell you the same kind for 75 cents each. $4.25 per G. or $8.00 per dozen, untested. Safe arrival and satisfaction always. Fifty to 100 queens, 05 cents each. If you wish queens in a hurry, mail us your orders. Rialto Honey Co., Rialto, Calif. We Will Re-Queen all our 2,000 colonies this spring. We offer the one-year-old queens removed from these hives at 40 cents each; $4.20 per dozen; $30.00 per hundred, tlelivered any time before June 1. Your money back if not satisfied. First come, first served. Book orders now. Spencer Apiaries Co., Nordhoff, Cal. Bees and Combs for Sale. — 45 colonies cf bees in 10 fr. home-made hives at St. 00 per hive if taken soon. These bees were all re- queened late in summer, mostly from queens of Geo. B. Howe stock, and are in good con- dition. Have never had any disease. Als-o 800 full drawn combs in L. frames, nearly free from drone comb; together with 10 fr. hive bodies containing them. Rev. L. P. Holmes, Frankfort, Kansas, Route 2 HONET AND WAX. \\'anted — To buy, dark, amber honey for baking. Give prices delivered here. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey, and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 W. S. Water St., Chicago. Wanted. — Comb, extracteil honey and bees- wax. R. A. Bur.nett & Co., 173 So. Water St.. Chicago. For Sale — Finest quality clover and bass- wood extracted honey in 60-lb. cans. J. F. Moore, Tiffin. Ohio. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. Hildreth & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. Extracted Honey of the finest quality — thick well ripened, flavor simply delicious. White clover and sweet clover blend. Price 9c per pound in bright new 60 lb. cans. Sam- ple free. J. P. Moore, Morgan, Ky. For Sale. — Honey, white and sweet clover and basswood mixed, Sl.{i cts. per lb; sweet clover and heartsease, 7)4c; put up in new 60 lb. cans, two in case; sample, 10 cents. Pure, clean beeswax, 31 cents. Prices on car at my station. Peter J. Norberg. Spring Valley, lii. For Sale — Finest quality white clover and basswood honey, blended in extractor. Put up in brand new 60-lb. cans, two cans per case, at 10c per lb. by case of two cans, or more, F. O. B. Flint. Cash with order. L. S. Griggs, 711 Avont St., Flint, Mich, A very fine quality of white extracted honey for table use, in new 60-lb. tin cans. Raspberry or Basswood flavors. Say how much you can use and we will be pleased to quote our prices. Sample free for a 4c stamp to pay the postage. E. D. Townsend & Sons, North star, Mich. GET TOP NOTCH PRICES FOR YOUR HONEY BY Send (or Annaal Catalog which will tell • ••f. «■■.•>>..■. ».om you who is your nearest Distributer AND SHIPPING CASES G.B.lewU company. W.tertown.WU. USING LEWIS SECTIONS 26 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW It is not surprising that many bee-keepers prefer cellar winter- ing- in the dark and with plenty of ventilation. The temperature factors have not been considered of such prime importance, although 43° Fahrenheit is thought to be favorable. A bee-keeper then need do little for his bees except attend to the ventilation and otherwise prevent them from becoming uneasy. In January the bee-keeper should take account of stock and clean up material not in use. The cold makes propolis brittle. With a putty knife or other scraper it chips from the hive easily. Hives, frames, supers, fences, in fact all equipment, should be put in clean readiness for spring. Painting can also be done to advantage. It should be remembered that discounts on supplies are usually available at this season. Hence purchases for the coming season can be made to advantage. If unused combs are stored, they should be fumigated. Carbon bisulfide, used with caution (it is dangerously explosive) is most satisfactorv. JANUARY — Southwestern States. By Henry C. Barron. The Land of "Sunshine and Honey." Thermometer 75° to 100° Fahrenheit at midday. 20° to 40° midnight. Bees on their summer stands. Walk through the apiary at least once every day to see all is right. See to it that all withered grass and other combustible material is cleaned up and removed, thus preventing fires and loss. Bees will fly about twenty-five days out of the entire month. The entrances should be closed down in proportion to the size of the colony, say ^ by 1 inch for a nuclei or small swarm to 3/^ by 5 inches for a strong swarm. Keep the bees as quiet as possible, and do not under any cir- cumstances open a hive, as the flying bees will pounce upon it, robbing ensue, with perhaps serious results. With all care, robbing may occur this month, and if so, close down entrance to ^4 inch for perhaps entirely for day or two) and wipe hive with coal oil. It is presumed that by first of this month you have received your supplies for the coming season. You can now have time to carefully make up your hives, supers, frames, etc., sections made, putting in its foundation and stacking up the supers so that no dust will get in. It will more than pa}^ to dip the dovetailed ends of hives and supers into linseed oil for several minutes before nailing. Will have tendency to overcome checking of the wood. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 27 MISCEIiX^AirilOUS. For Sale — At bargain prices to close out, new S frame double walled hives in the flat. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. For Sale — Bee-keepers' supplies. Agents' prices. Save freight. Free catalog. G. F. Sta.n'tox, Buckingham, Fla. Aluminum Hive Numbers (I'^-in. high) 2c each Fig. 50 or more IJ^c. Postpaid, incl. brass nails. Henry Benke, Pleasantville Sta., N. Y. For Sale — Empty second hand cans, two cans to the case, good as new, 25c per case. C. H. \V. Weber & Co., 2146-2148 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio. Wanted to correspond with a lady about 30 to 45 years of age, with a good common school education and a little means, who is matrimonially inclined and willing to locate in the west. Address S. T. L., care Bee-Keepers' Review, 214 Hammond Bldg., Detroit. For Sale — White Sweet Clover Seed. The clover best for honey, the best for hay, and the best to inoculate the ground before sowing to alfalfa. \\'ill run about one-half hulled seed. Price 25 lbs., 12 cents per lb.; 50 lbs. or more, 11 cents. Cash with order. Ira D. Bartlett, East Jordan, Mich. For Sale and Wanted by the Colorado Branch X. B. K. A. : For sale — 4,000 colonies bees, comb and extracted honey, and bee sup- plies. Wanted — 500 to 1,000 colonies bees, hundreds of queens and nuclei next spring, bee supplies. Write for free booklet giving above information, or send $2.00 for member- ship in State and National to Wesley Foster, Sec, Boulder, Colo. To Introduce our "Eureka" Concrete case quickly we will give to the first 200 persons sending orders to Montgomery Ward & Co. for S50 or more before 'February (using our special order blank) permit to make and tise the Eureka Case limited permits. To persons sending less amount, write for circular giving particulars today. B. T. Bosserman, Wil- iiamston, Ohio. For Sale — Jersey Red. Chest White, Berk- shire, and Poland China Pigs. Hunting, sport- ing, watch and pet dogs. Puppies of all varie- ties a specialty. On receipt of 10 cents we mail highly descriptive illustrated catalogue, which gives full information of 49 breeds of dogs; several breeds of cattle, sheep, swine, rabbits, ferrets; price list of poultry and pigeons. Chas. Landis, Dept. 254, Reading, Pa. POSITIONS AND Hi:i.F. Wanted — Apiarist or helper who is willing to invest $250 in ■apiary. We allow you wages and percentage of crop as manager. Particu- lars on request. Apiarist, Sawtelle. CaHf. Wanted — A man to run 140 colonies for comb honey for season of 1913. State salary wanted and experience. Evervthing new. Care C. B. & Q. Ry., B. F. Smith, Jr., Cow- ley, Wyo. Situation WAXTEn.-^By a young man who has successfully passed his examinations after taking a course of lectures and demonstra- tions in apiculture at the Ontario Agricultural College. Any one desiring help of this kind for the season of 1913, kindly correspond with MoRLEY Pettit, Provincial Apiarist, Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph, Canada. BEAi; ESTATE. For 5"ale. — Will trade for bees or supplies, a fine home. F. W. Br-\in.\rd, Canon City, Colo. FOVImTSTI. Sicilian Buttercups. — The most persistent layers and non-sitting strain eggs. $1.50 and $3.00 per 15. Walter M. Adema, Berlin, Mich. An Extensive Honey Business in the East For Sale One of the most extensive honey dealer^ in the east desires to sell his business. This man is well known, and the mere an- nouncement of his name would be a recom- mendation for the business. However, he does not wish to announce his name for the reason that when one otTers a business for sale people are apt to take it for grant- ed that he is out of business, and naturally it injures his trade: hence if you are inter- ested you can reach him by sending your letter to this office, when it will be for- warded to him direct for a personal reply. This man is one of the largest bottlers of honey in the east as well as having an extensive business of comb honey. He has been ordered by the physician to take up outdoor work away from the city which is the reason for selling. There is no ques- tion but what this is a desirable business for one interested along that line. For particulars address "HOXEY BrSIXESS.'* o/o Bee Keepers' Revie^v, 214 Ham- mond Bltlg., Detroit. THE BEEWARE BRAND MEANS SUCCESS send for Annual catalog which wiU tell you who is your nearest Distributer. INSURANCE G. B. LewU Company, Watertown. Wu. 28 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Attb tta IBranrlirs Offlcers. Directors. George W. York, President. ... Sandpoint, Ida. E. D. Townsend, Chairman Remus, Mich. MoRLEY Pettit, Vicc-Pres. . . Guclph, Ont., Can. J. M. Buchanan Franklin, Tenn. E. B. Tyrrell, Secretary Detroit, Mich. Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. 230 Woodland Ave. J. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. N. E. France, Treas. Gen. Mgr., Plattville, Wis. F. Wilcox Mauston, Wis. CTational Branclies and Their Secretaries. Arizona Honey Exchange N. Michigan — Ira D. Bartlett G. M. Frizzell, Tempe, Ariz. East Jordan, j\Iich. Adirondack — H. E. Gray.. Fort Edwards, N.Y. Ohio — Prof. N. E. Shaw, Dept. of Agr Colorado — Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. Columbus, Ohio Chicago-Northwestern— L. C. Dadant Oregon — H. Wilson Corvallis, Ore. Hamilton, 111. Pecos Valley — Henry C. Barron Hampshire — Hampden — Franklin— Dr. Hagerman, New Mexico Burton N. Gates Amherst, Mass. Pennsylvania— H. C. Klinger Liverpool, Pa. Idaho-R. D. Bradshaw Notus, Ida. Twin Falls-C H St.rason. .Twin Falls Ida. iLLiNois-Jas. A. Stonc.Rt. 4, Springfield. 111. I-^v f w'^?' r " r^Vr^^^'S' ^'Ti^^'"' ^'""• lowA-C. L. Pinney Le Mars, Iowa Texas-WiHis C. Collins, Box ^^^^. — -^^^^ INDIANA-Geo W. Williams, Redkey. Ind . VermonV-P." E.' Crane .' .' .' .' .' .' ." Middlebury, Vt. MissouRi-J F Diemer. Liberty, Mo. Washington-J. B. Ramage .Michigan— O. H. Schmidt............... Rt_ 2, N. Yakima, Wash. ;••;• T "' H^^ ■'' Wisconsin— Gus Dittmer Augusta, Wis. Minnesota— Dr. L. L. Leonard . . Worcester County— O. F. Fuller . .-515 Syndicate Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. Blackstone. ^Slass. NATIONAL CONVENTION, CINCINNATI, OHIO, FEB. 12-13. A Brief Report of the Annual Convention of the Pecos Valley Branch, N. B. K. A. Held November 21, 1912. Members of this branch met in convention -at Roswell, Xew Mexico, on November 21, President R. B. Slease presided. Abont five thousand colonies of bees were represented by those present. In addition to the bee-keepers there were present some of the leading orchardists. Mr. Robt. J. Beers, of Roswell, a very success- ful fruit grower, spoke about thirty minutes in the interests of api- culture with its relation to the fruit grower, stating the honey bee to be of great value in the growing of large and perfect crops of fruit. The proposed amendments to the constitution (see pages 430, 431 Bee-Keepers' Review) were approved with the exception of Sec- tion 3 of Article IV^. It was deemed advisable to have all member- ships expire at one date, thus simplifying the records. Henry C. Barron, secretary, was elected delegate to the National convention at Cincinnati, Ohio, February 12 and 13th. The question of buying supplies was taken up and thrashed out to some extent. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 29 We Are Going to Get that Article on Handling 40 Apiaries. Read This Letter. Bradentown. Fla. Say, friend Tyrrell, yor. have besieged me with letters and cards from the request you made to your readers on page 479. . Well, I never saw or heard of such a flood of mail. I never had any idea that you did have so many subscribers before, and, too, many of them write the best letters I believe I ever received. Well, it just did me good to look over them and I wish you could have been here and went over them with me. And now I want to thank you for what you said and I assure you that as soon as possible I will return the favor, not only to you but your many interesting readers, who have written so many good and cheering letters to me. I declare I don't know just how to express myself over the matter, but I must feel something like a great "big hearted" fellow feels at a good old-fashioned hand-shaking at the close of a good meeting, when the good spirit is at its best ebb. J. J. WILDER. Send in voiir rciiczivl nozv and not miss this article. "J^^^GETBEHERUGHT From KEROSENE(Coal Oil) Tests br Prof. Rogers, Lewis Instltnte, Ohlcago, on leading oll-bumlng lamps show the Aladdin Mantle Lamp IsthemoBteoonomloaland gives over twice I aamuoh light as the Rayoand other lamp»l tested. It IB odorless, safe, clean, noiseless. I Guaranteed. Better light than gaaoreIeo-| trio. To Introduce the Aladdin we'll send a sample lamp oaa^-> AGENTS WANTED Experience nnneoessary. Every home needs this lamp. One agent BoK o^er 1000 on money back 10 Days TRIAL Jiik (ir Pirticahra laarantee, not one returned. Another sold I isoo worth In 16 days. E^venlngB made profl-f table. Ask for agents prices and trial offer, | MUTU UMP MHPAIIT. 43] Aladdin BIdg., Chicago, lU American Butter & Cheese Company 31-33 Griswold St, Detroit, Mich. Always in the market for choice comb honev. Write us. Save 50% on Lewis Beeware \\'e will sacrifice for cash a large stock of Lewis Beeware recently purchased from the Bankruptcy Court. Send for Itemized List. Fanti's I'.ROS., 525 So. Dearborn S^., Chicago. Burnstown, Ont., Can. Gentlemen : — • I would like to tell you the way I keep the wax from sticking to the pail (wooden) when I am extracting. I take about a half a cup of linseed meal such that is used for poulticing, and pour boiling water on it until it is quite soft and tie in a piece of cheese cloth, and keep the pail well rubbed with it to keep it wet, and your wax will not stick. I hope this will benefit some other bee-keepers. Mrs. L. McLexid. 30 DISTRIBUTING HOUSES FOR LEWIS BEEWARE Send for Annaal Catalog which will tell you who is your nearest Distributer. G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wb. 30 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Spraying- the fruit trees while they were in bloom with poison- ous materials was recognized by the bee-keepers as a great damage to the bee industry. Several hundred colonies were killed during the spring of 1912 in Pecos Valley from this cause. Officers were elected as follows: President, R. B. Slease, elected for the fourth time ; secretary-treasurer, Henry C. Barron, of Hager- man, New Mexico ; vice-presidents, Henry Adams. Greenfield ; Ed- ward Scoggin, of Hope, and AI. N. Cunningham, of Carlsbad. Program National Bee-Keepers' Association to be Held at Cincin- nati, Ohio, February 12th and 13th. At 10 a. m., the l"2th, the meeting will be called to order and the proper committees appointed, including the committee on credentials. Meeting will then adjourn to enable the delegates to file their cre- dentials with this committee. At 1 p. m. the meeting will again be called to order, when the regular business will be taken up by the delegates. This meeting will be open to all members, but the voting can only be done by the regularly elected delegates. At 7 p. m. the meeting will be called for a general program, in which all visitors will take part. At 8 a. m., the loth, the delegates will again take up the busi- ness matters, and should they be able to conclude their l)usiness before noon, the balance of the time will be taken up with a general program. At 1 p. m. ihere will begin another general meeting of all pres- ent. Headquarters arranged for us by the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce, and list of hotels and their rates will be given in full in the February bee journals. — E. B. Tyrrell, secretary. Convention of the Washington Branch, N. B. K. A. This will be held Wednesday and Thursday, January 8 and 9. A complete program has been outlined for the two days. There will be two sessions each day, one beginning at 9 a. m. and one at 1 :30 p. m. Among the items mentioned will be an address of wel- come by Mayor A. J. Splawn ; response by President A. E. Burdick ; paper, by Mr. A. A. Byers ; "Spring Management of Bees," by Rob- ert Cissna ; address, by Geo. W. York, president National Bee-Keep- efs' .. Association ; "Preparing Bees for Winter," by Virgil Sires; paper from the Dadants ; paper from A. G. Kuykendall, "Should We THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 31 This Pail for ^% ets. Jn Crates of 100. F.O.B. Detroit A friction top pail. Put in the honey, push down the cover, and you have no leakage. Size of pail, b^'g inches in diameter by 7 inches high. Holds 10 lbs. Honey Same Pail Holding 5 lbs. Honey, $5.00 per 100. Write for descriptive circular giving full particulars, prices, and freight rates, to The National Bee-Keepers' Association 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. Make Your Own Hives Bee Keepers will save money by using our Foot Power SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford, Illinois. WANTED New Crop Honey Both Comb and Extracted Hildreth & Segelken 2u5--67 Green^vifJi St. NEW YORK CITY, N. Y. GENTS $50 WEEK Join the originators. Avoid imitators. Malees at Swarming" Time." by Lee G. Simmons; "Weather Conditions Fa\-orab]e for Secretion of Xec- tar,"by S. King' Clover. These will be in addition to the regular l)usiness (piestions that, of course, will be discussed. Minnesota Bee-Keepers' Association Formed a New Department. At the last meeting" of the ^Minnesota Association it was deemed advisable by the members present to form a new branch of the National Association as a part of the Minnesota Association. The ofificers elected are as follows : P. J. Doll. President, Nicollet Island, Minneapolis. Minn. ; Scott La Mont, First Vice-president, Park Rapids. ]\linn. ; L. V. Rodecker. Second Vice-president. Gladstone. ]^Iinn. ; L. D. Leonard, Secretary- Treasurer, Syndicate Buildii.g". ^Minneapolis, Minn. ; F. L. Sampson, Executive Committee, three years. Excelsior ; L. V. Rodecker, Executive Committee, two years, Gladstone; E. L. Hofman. Execu- tive Committee, one year, Jonesville. This means that all National members sending in their $1.50 to this ofifice will, in addition to the Review, be given membership in this new Branch in Minnesota. A total of $2.00, I understand, gives membership in the Minnesota State Association, the Minne- sota National Branch, the Horticultural Society, the National Asso- ciation, and a subscription to the Review. Certainly the Minnesota bee-keepers, as mentioned l)y a ^^'isconsin member who was present, are getting the worth of their money. Am sorry that we do not have a more full report of the convention to give you. Attend the Indiana Branch Meeting, N. B. K. A., Jan. 24th. The secretary of the Indiana Branch, George ^^^ ^\'illiams, of Kedkey, Ind.. writes me that their annual meeting will be held in the palm room of the Claypool Hotel. January 24th. "\Miat Has Been Accomplished in the W^ay of Fighting Foul Brood in That State'' will be one of the important subjects dis- cussed. They will also consider plans for future work along this line. The State Entomologist will discuss this question, assisted by THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 33 Sow Sweet Clover Sweet clover growing in waste places will increase your hone\- flow far more than you realize. Sow sweet clover either in the fall or spring. Our seed is hand gathered and contains nothing but well ripened sweet colver seed. One pound, postpaid 25c Five pounds, postpaid . . $1.25 10 lbs. F. O. B. Boulder, Colo $1.50 25 lbs, $3.10. 50 lbs. or more, 11 cents per pound. THE NATIONAL BEE KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION, 214 HAMMOND BLDG., DETROIT, MICH. Learn Beekeeping from the Beginning "First Lessons in Beekeeping," and the ^4 AA American Bee Journal, one year, Both for OnlyvX«UU "First Lessons in Beekeeping" is a 190-page book telling all that the beginner need know. ... It has an attractive paper cover, and many illustrations. "Doolittle's Scientific Queen-rearing," and the ^4 AA American Bee Journal, one year, Both for Only $X«UU Doolittle's "Scientific Queen-rearing" book contains 126 pages, and is bound in leatherette with round corners. It tells in the clearest way possible just how the famous queen- breeder, Mr. G. M. Doolittle, rears the best of queen bees in perfect accord with Nature's way. As all know, Mr. Doolittle has spent some 40 years in rearing queens and pro- ducing honey. He has no superior as a queen-breeder. You can learn to rear fine queens by following his directions. The beginner will want "First Lessons;" the older beekeeper should have "Scientific Queen-rearing." You will not regret it if you send your $1.00 now and get either one of these books with the JOURNAL, as the JOURNAL itself is worth more than the total cost. AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, HAMILTON, ILLINOIS PROTECTION HIVE LIBERAL EARLY ORDER DISCOUNTS ALLOWED The best and lowest priced double wall hive on the market. This hive has % mate- rial in the outer wall, and is not cheaply constructed of }i material as some other hives on the market. Packing or dead air spaced as you prefer. Remember winter is approach- ing. Get your bees into comfortable quarters before it is here. Send for a catalogue. A. G. WOODMAN CO., Grand Rapids, Mich, 34 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW B. F. Kendig. "The Outlook for Indiana Honey Production" will be discussed by V. W. Berbaugh, Ernest Root and others. "Market- ing Indiana Honey, Extracted," by John Bull, of Valparaiso; "Comb," by George Williams, of Redkey. "Organization," by E. B. Tyrrell, Secretary of the National. Geo. W. Demuth and Dr. E. F. Phillips, of Washington, have both been invited to be present, as well as C. P. Dadant, editor of the American Bee Joniiial. A special effort will be made to develop more fully the Indiana honey resources, realizing that many carloads of honey are shipped into the state each year which ought to Idc furnished by Indiana l)ee men. A good attendance is desired and expected. The president is Mason J. Xiblack, and Geo. W. \Villiams is secretary. Annual Convention of the Ohio Branch, N. B, K. A. This will be held at Columbus, Tuesday and Wednesday, Janu- ary 14th and 15th. The first session, Tuesday, begins at 2 p. m. and consists of the President's address; report of the Secretary; re- port of the Treasurer; "Result of Apiary Inspection in Hamilton County," by Fred W. Muth ; "With the Apiary Exhibit at County Fairs," by Glenwood Beard. The evening session will be taken up of "Apiculture at the Uni- versity," Ijy Prof. J. S. Hine; an address on "Organization," by E. B. Tyrrell, Secretary of the National; address by C. P. Dadant, ed- itor of the American Bee Journal ; "Live Bee Demonstration," by E. R. Root, editor of Gleanings in Bee Cnlture. Wednesday morning session will be taken up by "Florida Bee- Keeping," by J. E. Alarchant ; "Queen Bearing," by J. C. Mosgrove ; "My Experience with European Foul Brood," by "B. J. Holden ; "Ohio Apiculture — Impressions of a Farmers' Institute," by W^ A. Matheny, Ohio University. The afternoon session will be taken up with a "Woman's W^ay With Bees," by Mrs. Jesse Goodrich ; "Wax Rendering," by H. H. Root; "Production of Comb Honey," by A. A. Doenges; "Produc- tion of Extracted Honey," l)v H. C. Ouirin. Meeting of the Adirondack Branch, N. B. K. A. The secretary sends the following report of their convention : The sixth annual meeting of Adirondack branch w^as held on the afternoon of November 2'?, 1912, at Hotel Hudson, Fort Edward, N. Y. The officers and a fair representation of members were present. THE B -KEEPERS' REVIEW 35 Now is the Time to Lay In Your Supply of Dadant^s Foundation Three Per Cent Discount during January We Want Your Beeswax — to work into Foundation or For Cash. Highest prices paid for wax especially if light lemon in color and from cappings. Agents all over the United States and in Foreign Countries. A. G. WOODMAN CO. Grand Rapids Agents for Michigan DADANT & SONS, HAMILTON, ILLINOIS. "If goods are wanted quick, send to Pouder." BEE SUPPLIES Standard hives with latest improvements. Danzen- bnker Hives, Sections, Foundation, Extractors, Smokers, in fact everything used about the bees. My equipment, my stock of goods, the quality of my goods and my shipping facilities cannot be ex'' ^iip'^ PAPER HONEY JARS (Sample Mailed Free) For extracted honey. Made of heavy paper and paraffine coated, with tight seal. Every honey producer will be interested. A descriptive circular free. Finest white clover honey on hand at all t'mps. I buy beeswax. Catalog of supplies free. WALTER S. POUDER, Indianapolis.lnd. S.'iQ Massachusetts Avenue. Cold = Facts showed heavy winter losses a year ago. We can look for losses this winter too. How ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ about next winter? What are you doing about it? We suggest the Buckeye Bee Hive as flic remedy. One severe winter will save more than the cost of the hive. You can buy them cheaper in January than June. Write us about it. M. H. HUNT & SON 141 Condit Street LANSING, MICH. 36 THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW There was no regular program arranged, as the meeting was called on rather short notice, and some of the members were getting ready to leave for the south and other points for the winter. The regular routine of business was carried out, after which the members and visitors joined in a general discussion of topics of in- terest and also a report of crop secured, increase, etc. The amount of increase was about 5U%, and the crop per colony spring count was not far from 50 lbs., which put us in the column of an average year. The crop would average about three-quarters clover or light honey, with the balance buckwheat. (3f the latter we usually enjoy a better flow, but the August weather was very- much against it this year, the local weather bureau reporting only three clear days for the month. Foul brood is decidedly on the wane in this section. Two mem- bers reported that they have never had any, while others still have a few cases lingering since it so nearly put so many out of bus- iness a few years ago. The bulk of honey produced in this section is disposed of locally, while some of the larger producers ship to Boston and other points. Probably more than one-half is comb honey. If any member of our branch contemplates attending the Na- tional meeting in Cincinnati during February, the secretary requests that you correspond with him in regard to acting as our representa- tive at the meeting. Geo. L. Cary, of Gansevoort, X. Y. ; ]\Iiss M. G. Devine, of Glen's Falls, and H. E. Gray, of Fort Edward, were re-elected pres- ident and vice-president, and secretary-treasurer, respectively, and the-'dues fixed at oOc per year, which amount can be sent with your dollar to either Secretary Tyrrell or the local secretary on or before January 1st next, thus keeping you in good standing. We are enjoying a healthy growth and hope each individual member will do his part to keep it up. Bees are in poor condition as a rule, requiring heavy feeding in some cases, but prospects are good for an abundance of clover the coming season. — H. E. Gray, Sec. Annual Meeting of the Michigan Branch, N. B. K. A. The bee-keepers of ^Michigan met in annual con\ention in the Entomology Building. Agricultural College, East Lansing, ^lichigan, December 12th and 13th. Our atttndance this year was the smallest it has been for some time, owing, no doubt, to the heavy loss of bees last winter, which put a good many bee-keepers out of business. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 37 Perfect Rendering of Wax From Old Comb and Cappings has always been a serious stumbling block for the bee-keeper. We have overcome this obstacle by installing a mighty Hydraulic Press, which extracts every particle of wax from the slumgum. Our charge for rendering is 5c a lb., and we pay you the highest market price, remitting the day after rendering. Our process — extracting all the wax — more than pays the charges, and leaves you a greater profit than you expected, besides relieving you of that messy and unsatisfactory job of rendering. Barrel up jour old comb and cappings and let us surprise you, as we have the many who have already shipped theirs. We need great quantities of Comb and Extracted Honey. Write us. The FRED W. MUTH CO. "The Busy Bee Men" 204 Walnut St. CINCINNATI, O. MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best young basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- p'ies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. ^/, .ft falcon BEE - SUPPLIES Buy Them Now and Save 3% A large stock of pine "FALCON" liives, sections and all other useful bee- supplies ready for immediate shipment. Get those "FALCON" Bee-Supplies or- dered now, and put them up during the winter. Try some of our "bee's choice" "FALCON" foundation next season. Order now and have your sections and frames ready for the rush. \\'iite for samples of foundation, quantity and early order discounts. Dealers everywhere. Red Catalog postpaiil. W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO. Falconer, X. Y. 'Itcre the Good Bcc-Hivcs conic from. 38 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW There were 560 invitations sent out, principally to Michigan bee-keepers, so the attendance should have been good. Those who did attend, however, were leading bee-keepers, and the discussions were interesting and practical. We were fortunate in having with us a distinguished visitor from Canada, Mr. Morley Pettit, Ontario's Provincial Apiarist. It is needless to say that Mr. Pettit contributed many good pointers to our convention. For the first time in a number of years an entire new set of officers were elected. Jenner E. Morse, of Saginaw, was elected president; David Running, of Grindstone City, was elected vice- president, and O. H. Schmidt, Rt. No. 5, Bay City, Mich., was elected secretary. Among the discussions taken up was one relative to a proposed new foul brood law. There was a legislative committee appointed previously which has under advisement this proposed law, and a per- sonal report from them showed that the matter was having their proper attention. Those in attendance were practically unanimous in believing that an inspector should be appointed who can devote his entire time to the work, doing educational work in the winter and inspection in the summer. Mr. Pettit contributed the statement that the Ontario European foul brood area covered around 7,000 square miles. It was com- posed of three districts, two of about 3,000 square miles each, and the third was smaller. In this territory the bee-keepers having bright yellow bees seem to have no trouble from the disease even though it is found in apiaries all around them. Yellow bees seem to resist the disease better than the dark. In speaking of the desirability of the Italian bee, Mr. Pettit stated that in one apiary of 50 hives there was produced over 200 pounds per colony last year. Mr. Johnson, of Battle Creek, who has been testing the German black or brown bee, states that while he secured good honey crops from them, their tendency to tolerate the wax moth and allow robbing overbalanced their good points, and that he intended testing the Carniolan. Mr. Crow, of Park Lake, made a good report from the Carniolan bees. David Running, of Grindstone City, had a splendid wintering report to make, having lost but two out of 318 colonies last winter. Mr. Running's average crop last year was 92 pounds of extracted honey per colony, and in 1911 it was 90 pounds. He puts his bees in the cellar in November, but wants all winter feeding to be done by the end of September. Mr. Running feeds each fall sugar-syrup for winter stores. He has this winter 309 colonies in a cellar 15 x 23. The cellar has a flue 9 x 13 inches, running from the bottom of the cellar 25 feet hioh. He uses an eight-frame hive and wants each THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 39 The Best Time to Buy SUPPLIES The season just past has demonstrated more clearly than ever the necessity for being prepared for a honey-flow BEFORE it comes. If you wait until the season is upon you, the chances are that the greater part of the crop will be lost while you are impatiently waiting for supplies to arrive. It may seem a little early now to think of next season's honey harvest; but the fact of the matter is, this is just the time to order goods for next season. We are beginning now to replenish our stocks. We shall have carload orders com'ing from the factory very often for the next few weeks. Special orders placed now can have just the attention they need, both here and at the factory, and you may have your goods sent in one of our cars, thereby saving on transportation charges. Regular stock will come straight to you from our warehouse in new unbroken packages, and you can put the goods together in your odd minutes, thereby saving the expense of extra help in the spring. Our usual discounts for early orders apply again this season — six per cent for cash orders sent in October, the discount diminishing one per cent per month as the season advances. These discounts mean a considerable saving, and you might as well take advantage of the highest by ordering now. No change of prices has as yet been announced, and you may, therefore, order from your present catalog. If your catalog has been mislaid, write us at once and we will send another. If your season's crop of honey is not yet disposed of, we can give you a good price and handle it promptly. Send samples of extracted and full information as to containers, flavor, quantity, price, etc. We also handle comb honey. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. 2146 Central Avenue. CINCINNATI, OHIO. PAGE-KENKEL MFG. CO. MANUFACTURERS OF THE "NONE BETTER" Bee - Keepers' Supplies THIRTY YEARS EXPERIENCE Perfect sections from young, white, kiln dried basswood. White Pine Hives and Supers, Excellent Shipping Cases, Brood Frames, Separators, etc. We invite your correspondence. Page -Kennel Manufacturing Co, New London, Wis. Comb Foundation Working Wax You have to go below the surface of things to find THE REASON WHY the HONEY BEES like Dittmer Process Comb Foundation It is because, it is PURE. WHOLE- SOME, has the TASTE, SMELL, and FIRMNESS of the Honey Comb the Honey Bee make themselves. You will be money ahead to send your wax to DITTMER to be worked into Foundation. SEND FOR PRilCES AND DISCOUNTS. GUS. DITTMER CO. Augusta, Wis. 40 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW hive to weigh 60 pounds gross when put in the cellar. In discussing the sale of honey Mr. Pettit stated that there was sold 20,000 pounds annually in the City of Guelph, which is only 16,000 population. He attributed this to personal solicitation on the part of bee-keepers. A report was made that large bakers are using inverted sugar in place of honey. It was reported that this is made by a firm in Philadelphia, is a recent invention, and fear was expressed that it would cut in on the sale of our poor grades of honey. E. D. Townsend, of Northstar, Michigan, was elected delegate to the National convention in Februar3^ L. A. Aspinwall, of Jack- son, was elected alternate. Motion was made and carried allowing the Secretary 25% of the membership fees for his services. Resolutions of respect were adopted for the late Hon. R. L. Tay- lor, of Lapeer, Michigan. Mr. Taylor was one of the foremost of Michigan bee-keepers, an offtcer of the National Association, and highly respected by all bee-keepers. The meeting adjourned to meet in December next year in De- troit. Do Bees Reason? A Brief for the Insect. IF NOT, HOW DO BEES KNOW WHAT TO DO WITH COMB FOUNDA- TION? WHY DO THEY FILL CRACKS IN THE HIVE WITH PROPOLIS DURING HOT WEATHER? AN ANT STORY- BEE SCOUTS. REFLEX THEORY INSUFFICIENT. A PROBLEM FOR THE BREEDER. By FRANK G. O'DELL, Lincoln, Neb. [In a recent article published in The Review the writer discussed briefly some psychological conditions arising from the shaking of bees to stimulate working activity, closing with the suggestion that the repeated treatment of the same colony on these lines induces a condition analogous to that which is produced by the control exercised by a hypnotist over his subject. It is not to be presumed that such a statement would pass unchallenged, even among those whose daily life is spent among the bees. This article is written as a defense of the psycho- logical viewpoint of bee-life which has enlisted the studies of the most noted of savants from Huber and Sir John Lubbock to the delightful writings of the great Belgian poet Maeterlinck.] The above article, ik'hicli will run thmugh two or three issues of the Review, itnll begin in the ]''ebriia<-y number. The Tebruary Review zvill not come to you- unless you have either renezved or requested it to be continued. Act [^rouit^tly. — E. B. Tyrrill. Robber entrance bottom. They are going; like l^ot cakes. THE IMPROVED SCHAMU PATENT ROLLER ENTRANCE HIVE BOTTOM The Schamu Im- proved Patent Roller Entrance gives the bee-keeper several ap- pliances in one. It is compact, simple, eiB- cient and inexpensive. It furnishes its own storage room, if the bee-keeper decides to remove one roller or another, so that there is never anything lost or get into the way in another part of the bee house. Here you have it all, complete bottom board, drone trap, feeder, ventilat- or, that saves lifting the hives when same are full of bees and honey. Shallow bottom for summer and a deep one for winter. The price is reasonable, being only a trifle more than the cost of a common alley drone trap, feeder, and ordinary bottom board. This invention affords comfort, profit and satisfac- tion, and one swarm saved when you are not with the bees, buys several bottom boards. When you consider that when the workers fly away, you not only lose your queen, but your honey crop as far as that hive is concerned. With the patent under your hives, if they do swarm out, they come back. All the bee-keeper loses is once in a while an old queen. At the end of the honey flow you have a fine crop of honey in your supers and lower chambers bubbling over with full grown bees and honey. Then introduce a young queen, say Aug. 1st, or when your honey crop is over, and your swarms will be ready for winter with plenty of stores young, vigorous queens and nearly all young bees. The three main essentials for wintering well. PRICE: $2.00 F. O. B.. for Eight Frame Hive. Liverpool, N. Y. $3.50, F. O. B., for Ten Frame Hive. Liverpool, N. Y. Puyallup, Wash., Oct. 8th, 1912. Dear Dr.: I have just received the last Bottom Board you shipped me during our State fair, and will confess you have some- thing of value for the bee-keeper. I have found in my trials of the different feeders, that the bottom is the best place to feed from; am satisfied to say that your Bottom Board will do all that is claimed by its inventor and more. Yours trulv, T. W. Ware,' 5th St. N. W. Shoiving space for dead bees in winter months, also space for feeding. Address all communications to Dr. Charles G. Schamu Liverpool, N. Y. Do Your Reading Noav! Here is a List of the Books You Require. Send in Your Orders at Once. During the height of the busy season, when not only the bees, but everything else about the place clamors for attention, the bee-keeper hardly has time for more than the routine work necessary to keep things going, and often has to put aside the books, magazines, and other literature which he really wants to read. Now that these rush days are over, we are sure our bee-keeping friends can find time for some reading that will not only be of keen interest to them, but will give very material assistance for next season in handling the bees, producing the best and largest honey crop possible, and marketing the same to the best advantage. Below we give a partial list of the books we can furnish. Any one of these can be supplied promptly on receipt of order and we have others equally interesting and valuable. FIFTY YEARS AMONG THE BEES, by Dr. C. C. Miller. The writer is one of the most widely read on subjects pertaining to bee-keeping. The book is illustrated by photographs taken by the author and is substan- tially bound in cloth. Price $1 postpaid. ADVANCED BEE-CULTURE, by \V. Z. Hutchinson. This is one of the most valuable books on bees ever published. Helpful and interesting for the beginner as well as the advanced bee-keeper. Price $1 postpaid. LANGSTRpTH ON THE HONEY BEE. By C. P. Dadant. The present volume is termed the "Tv/entieth Century Edition" and contains a vast amount of information on practical bee culture. MANUAL OF THE APIARY. By A. J. Cook. Particularly valuable for one interested in the anatomy and physiology of the bee and for its chapter on honey plants or bee botany. Price $1.15 postpaid. DOOLITTLE'S QUEEN REARING. Practically the only comprehensive book on queen rearing now in print. $1 postpaid. HOW TO KEEP BEES. By Anna Botsford Comstock. A charm- ing!}' written book for amateurs, combining enthusiasm, literary ability, and a knowledge of bee-keeping in a book well worth reading. $1 postpaid. WAX CRAFT. By Thomas W. Cowan. No bee-keeper should be without a book on wax and this is the only one on the subject in English. Price $1 postpaid. THE A B C & X Y Z OF BEE-KEEPING. By A. I. & E. R. Root. As the title indicates, this book is designed to cover the needs of the ama- teur and the professional bee-keeper. It is a complete text book and gives full information on every question relating to bee culture. No bee-keeper large or small can afiford to be without it. Price $1.50 postpaid. Right now is the time to order for your winter reading. You will find any one of the above books worth many times the price to you for the information they contain. The A. I. Root Company Medina, Ohio THE CHAS. F. MAY CO., PRINTERS, DETROIT, M ICK Published MonthJi[ FEB. 1913 DEIROir MICHIGAN ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR At the Annual Business Show, New York City, November 11 - 16, 1912 The Underwood Type^vriter Again proved conclusively in a public demonstration its Superior Qualities in Speed Accuracy Stability Operated for eight solid hours (continuously) by eight of the world's fastest typists, in half-hour relays, one Under- wood Typewriter (taken from stock) produced the magnificent total of 55,944 words, averaging nearly 10 strokes per second. The crucial test of stability was here shown. Nowhere, at any time, has a typewriter turned out such a tremendous amount of work in the same time. This is a world's record. The UNDERWOOD TYPEWRITER in the International Speed and Accuracy Contests won First Nine places in the World's Championship, First Four places in the World's Amateur Championship. First Two places in the World's School Championship. Breaking All Former Records. Every Record, Every Year, in Every Contest is held by the UNDERWOOD. '' The Machine You will Eventually Buy '* Under^vood Type^vriter Company INCORPORATED Underwood Building New York BRANCHES IN ALL PRINCIPAL CITIES (ESTABLISHED 1888) Published Monthly by the NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION E. B. TYRRELL, Managing Editor. Office — ^14 Hammond Bldg., Detroit, Michigan. Associate Editors: E. D. TOWNSEND, Northstar, Mich. WESLEY FOSTER, Boulder, Colo. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post office at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Terms— $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Hawaiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. Dl»ieontinuances — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. Adverti»«ln^ rates on application. Office OF Publication - - - 214 Hammond Bldg. VOL. XXVI. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, FEBRUARY 1, 1913 No. 2 Farm Journal offers the legal advice that the owner of the land upon which the bee tree is found has first right to it, whether he is the finder or not. Take heed, ye bee hunters !— W. F. Mr. D. C. Polhemus, who operates more bees than any other man in the Centennial state, winters many of his colonies by bunch- ing and banking up with dirt to the covers, making an entrance right under the cover for the bees' winter entrance and exit. It is dry in the Arkansas valley, and this may be practicable there, but it would cause trouble in damper parts of the country. — W. F. How about your supplies for next year? Have you found out that you can manufacture some of them much cheaper than to buy of the dealers? One of our Colorado bee-keepers has found that he can pay fifty dollars a thousand for lumber, and make his own bot- tom boards from it. and they cost him but about one-third the cost of factory goods. Another one of our men says he can make $10 a day by making his own foundation. It would surprise many of my readers to know how well some bee-men are doing by. making their 42 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW own hive bodies, covers, bottoms, supers, frames, hive stands, etc. Nothing pleases me more than beautifully made hives, but I must confess that some of them are home made. One carpenter bee- keeper in western Colorado had some home made dove-tailed hives that you would not have distinguished from factory made if you had not been told. The man who cannot make at least some of his goods will not make a very good bee-keeper. Of course many will think it , will not pay them, and I will not quarrel on this score for they can judge their own cases best. — AV. F. D. Everett Lyon, in Farm Jonrnal, says to keep the temperature of bee cellars above 45° and below 65°. Pretty wide range, I should judge. Better keep it between 40 and 50, I should say, but then it all depends. I don't want any cellared bees in my locality, any- way.— W. F. George Taylor, one of our members in Montezuma county, and apiary inspector for that county, has a cement cellar eighteen by twenty-one feet for the storage of honey and supplies. An elevator that will hold a wheel-barrow load of honey right from the apiary is installed. Another feature is that the elevator may be loaded in the cellar and the load raised to the level of a wagon bed on the surface. A back saver; more of us might copy the idea. — W. F. Comb Honey by the Pound or Section. Which? Mr. R. A. Burnett says that comb honey is bought by the pound and not by the section. Last winter I talked with two Chicago gro- cers who told me of buying comb honey at 19c ; $4.50 a case. It was not bought by the pound nor sold that way. It would dispel the distrust of commission men by the bee men if this were cleared up. Are these two instances I have mentioned exceptional or are they the rule? The bulk of western comb honey is sold by the case to the dealers ; do they turn it over to wholesalers by the pound or by the case? With some shipments it would make no difference, but with others it would. — W. F. How tp Reach the Average Bee-Keeper. The Extension Division of the Colorado Agricultural College issues a weekly "News Notes" sheet, that circulates among all the county papers of the state and many outside. These news items are of [practical import to all farmers, containing results of experi- THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 4$ ments and timely information. A letter received recently from Prof. C. H. Hinman, Superintendent of Extension, tells me that articles in the "News Notes" have been copied and published during the month of December in journals having a combined circulation of more than one million. This is a method of reaching many bee-keepers who do not take a bee journal. — W. F. What Do You Think of Eight Grades of Comb Honey? ^Ir. E. G. Brown tells very concisely in the November Rp> viEw of his method of packing and grading honey. First he makes three grades by weight. Then he makes three grades by color and filling of these, except the lightest grade in weight. Of this light weight honey he makes but two grades, No. 1 and No. 2. Mr. Brown does not put any unsealed honey in No. 2, except the out- side row, next to the wood. This method of grading gives him eight grades. What do you think of eight grades? What do you think of eight grades of comb honey any way? It did not appeal to me at first, but it looks better to me now. Perhaps it will look better the longer I think of it? — W. F. Look Out for the Reporter. A subscriber's protest. Elias Fox, of Union City, Wisconsin, sends me the following: "I enclose herewith a clipping from the St. Paul JJ'cckly Dispatch, which looks to me radically wrong to allow such reports to be cir- culated broadcast throughout the country, as no man or convention can at this time foretell what the honey crop will or may be lor the season of 1913, no matter how flattering the prospects may be now: HONEY TO BE CHEAPER. Bigger Crop Next Year, Say Bee-Keepers. Chicago, Dec. 25. — Hone\- will be cheaper next year owing to better crops and conditions of bees, according to reports by members of the Northwestern Bee Keepers' Association which met here last week. Officers chosen for 1913 are : President, Joseph Hoff- man, Monroe, Wis. ; vice president, C. F. Cannanberg, Oak Park, 111. ; secretary and treasurer, L. C. Dadant, Hamilton, 111. "For a convention to allow such forecasts to be circulated through the press of the country certainly has. a depressing effect on the honey market, and for that reason I say it is radically wrong, and it injures the bee-keeping fraternity. We have enough to do now to fight the glucose manufacturers and others who are trying to hold the price of honey down, and it would seem that conventions should be more discreet." 44 THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW In reply to Mr. Fox I stated that undoubtedly the members of the convention were as much surprised at the report as he was, for the newspaper men have a habit of getting some information and then building a story around it. At the same time Mr. Fox points out a caution that it would be well for us all to observe, and that is that we should take time to give the reporter clear instructions so that the published reports would at least not l)e damaging to the bee- keepers. The "Inspector" Should "Roll Up His Sleeves." In this number of the Review the reader is referred to some comments on the methods of inspection of apiaries, by Mr. Wm. P. Fritz, of New York. Member Fritz is not alone in thinking that an inspector should "roll up his sleeves" and "pitch in" and do a con- siderable part of the work in ridding a yard of disease when found. I suppose that each individual bee-keeper as well as inspectors would have their own idea of how much actual work an inspector should do on his inspection trips. Were I an inspector of apiaries, I would ask the proper offi- cials at Lansing to furnish me with some good plain directions on how to tell when one has disease among his bees, and when found, how to treat them. These instructions are usually published in bulletin form at the expense of the state. Where a diseased yard was found and the owner knew nothing about the disease, I would take him out into the bee-yard and show him the disease, and explain something of how to handle it in the future. The first visit would be one of education. If I thought best and the season was favorable and material at hand, I would likely help him "treat" a colony, (just to "get his hand in.") I would at this first visit help him to "clean up" any contagion in the shape of beeless combs, or honey that might contain spores of disease in or about the yard. At the conclusion of the first visit the apiarist knows there is disease among his bees, also how to treat it. It would be made clear to him that at my second visit, which would be in a short time (stating time), any swarms not treated would be destroyed (in the way the law required). If nothing had been done by the time of the second trip, I see no way open for the inspector other than examine every colony in the yard, and destroy those colonies found diseased. Member Fritz uses a common quotation when he says "free the country of foul brood." No ! Friend Fritz, the country will never be free from foul brood; it is here to stay. We can control it, but not free the country of it. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 45 I live in a potato locality where large quantities of potatoes are raised for the eastern market. You never hear a potato grower say anything about freeing the country of potato bugs. They do control them ; it is the same with foul brood. Once in a locality always in that locality. One can free a hive of disease, very probably a yard, but not a locality of any considerable area. — Townsend. Director Crane in the South. Director Crane is in Florida this winter for his health, which has been none too good for a few years back, and for this reason will not attend the National meeting in Cincinnati the 12th and 13th of the month. It is hoped that he will return to his home next spring fully recovered. We can enjoy his writings if he is "away down south in Dixie"' and the reader's attention is called to his article in this number of the Review, page oG, where he tells of ^Ir. E. C. Britton, Canton, Conn., as practicing putting on his comb honey supers in April in his northern climate. I have been satisfied for a few years back that we have been "petting" our bees too much during the spring months. I'm speaking more particularly about the "medium to best" swarms during a period of a month or so previous to our main honey flow^ Those little mites of swarms need all the care and protection one can give them, and then they do not usually amount to much. It is the swarms we expect to secure the crop of surplus honey from I wish to talk about. These sw'arms we "cuddle and "tuck in the cjuilts" to make warm, and b}' so doing many of the even moderate-size swarms have the swarming fever before the opening of the honey season ; even though they do not have queen cells started, they "feel their oats'' and will never work in tlie super as well as swarms left more to themselves in, perhaps, a "rickety old hive'' where a current of air is allowed to draw up through their brood-nest. Such a swarm may be held back some in the cooler portion of spring, but will come along very well, and will be free from the swarming fever at the approach of the surplus honey flow. I wonder how long it is going to take us to learn that it is not necessary to have such very large swarms to secure results, if we can only get them to the beginning of our main honey flow in a mood to "do business." A colony with the swarming fever (out of condition as it is usually termed) at the beginning of the hone}- flow is of very little use, no matter how strong in numbers, for they will not do anywhere near as good work as a more moderate swarm that is in condition, or free from the swarming tendency. Let us note the condition ~SIt. Britton's bees are in with their coml:) 46 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW honey supers on in April. These bees are "handicapped" so much by this super space above that they never get that crowded feeling so detrimental to the idea of getting one's bees to enter the season in that ideal condition so much sought but so rarely ever acquired —bees that work, not sulk or swarm. I have no doubt but what with this management so few swarms would issue that it would not pay one to watch and hive them. With very little experience along this line, my opinion would be that ]\Ir. Britton carries this feature rather too far; that just as good results would be secured were the supers given say a month before the opening of the clover or raspberry flow. Sections would be somewhat soiled by being on the hives so long before the opening of the surplus season, and I would suggest extracting combs either full or half depth for these supers. It must be remembered that bees have the swarming fever long before the starting of queen cells. About the first indication of swarm preparation is when the colony begins to rear drones. Some experiments along the line of leaving a part of one's bees without any great amount of spring protection, and supers given during say six weeks before the opening of the main honey flow, a la Britton, might not be a bad experiment to make during next spring. — Town send. Why Not Have a Bee-Keeper in Each State Write for the Leading Farm Paper. I have before me a clipping taken from the Mkhiy;an Faruu^*- naming that a series of articles on foul brood written by a Michigan bee-keeper will appear in future numbers. Since the clipping was printed those articles have appeared, and I wish to say that I believe them a movement in the right direction. Farm papers are willing and anxious to get authentic articles on bee-keeping from the bee- keepers themselves. Their trouble has been to get articles not too technical. So many writers think they must go into the up-to-date methods telling of queen rearing, hive manipulation, etc., something which the average farmer does not understand and will not do, hence the article is way above their heads. For that reason the good plain writer telling the general principles of bee-keeping will meet with better success than if he tried to go into the technical part. The articles on foul brood in the Michigan Farmer are written by N. F. Gute, Shiawassee County, and I must commend Mr. Gute for the way he has placed this matter before the reading public. Why not have each National Branch select one of its members to con- tribute to the farm press, getting a new contributor for each year. The convention could suggest topics if it was thought advisable. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 47 Something About the Buying and SelHng of Honey. ANOTHER ARGUMENT FOR UNIFORM GRADING RULES.— HONEY SOLD FOR A HIGHER GRADE THAN WHAT IT IS BOUGHT FOR. QUOTATIONS IN BEE-JOURNALS ATTACKED. By a Reliable Member Who Prefers Not to Have His Name Used. [Conditions as mentioned in the following article are not surprising. Our friend who wrote it, however, speaks of the poor, simple, confiding, unsuspecting producer. Now I will admit that the producer as a rule is poor and simple, but. I must object to the producer being classed as confiding and unsuspecting. From my experience with producers and farmers in general I think that they are more apt to be distructful and suspicious. That is our chief trouble in co-operative enterprises ; the producers will not trust each other. We need honesty all around, the producer as well as the dealer. The producer who is distrustful is more apt to get taken in than the man who intelligently studies the market and knows when a good price has been offered. Many producers are so avaricious that they will bite when a tempting offer has been made with the hope of getting a consignment. I have no sympathy or praise for the dishonest practices of the dealers, but the producers should not complain until they have exhausted every effort to sell co-operatively. The dealer is not in business for the benefit of the producer. This talk of the inter- ests of the producer and dealer being identical is largely hot air shot off to keep the producers from organizing their own distributing system. The producers and consumers will not both prosper until a comprehensive system is established. In the meantime we should do what we can to enforce honesty and truthfulness iu honey quotations. The "grading up" process is practiced by producers, dealers and retailers almost universally. Especially is this true of apples on our retail markets. Choice is sold for fancy and standard grades are sold for choice. Bee-keepers in the west dispose of their culls as number twos and number twos are sold as number ones on the local markets. It is a well nigh universal rule. The remark is made that the grocer will not know the difference anyway, and as a general rule he doesn't. — W. F.] ' • i^^OR a good many years I have bought and sold honey as well jr as raised it, and could not understand how the retailers could buy the grades they were handling at the prices they said (and I later found) they paid. It was so simple. Fancy was sold by the jobbers as Extra Fancy (or some similar change). No. 1 went as Fancy and No. 2 as No. 1. So far as the retailer was concerned, he only knew the brand on the box and the fine distinction of the bee- men he knew nothing about If a case of sections did not prove to be up to what he thought he was getting, it was laid to the pro- ducer who was supposed to have packed it. But, not a few cases are re-packed to get rid of broken sections — and — well, the brand was overlooked. ( ?) It is one of the delicate methods of making an extra profit be- tween producer and consumer. But some retailers buy No. 1, display it out of the cases, mark it "Fancy Comb Honey," and get the top price. Sometimes they know what the "Fancy" brand is, but more times they do not, and merely use the word Fancy to praise the goods. 48 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW But the result is this: When a scrupulous jobber (are there any?) tries to sell Fancy to a man who has bought No. 1 as Fancy, the price which must be asked stops the sale. The poor, simple, confiding, unsuspecting producer is nonplussed when he gets against such competition and blames it on some outsider cutting the market. .\.s all (or nearly all) the comb honey entering this market comes from other and larger cities, sometimes direct to retailers, but more often through local jobbers, the cause of the trouble was long ob- scure and hard to trace. For years I have watched it, but could do nothing. Perhaps the National can find a way to stop the trouble. (How Avould it do to print a picture of the grade on the case?) Another evil : The trade lists in the journals quote prices honey is selling at. Producer must deduct freight and commission in figuring his returns. Go to the jobbers incog, and try to buy honey and they will tell you the price is about one to one and one- half cent above those quotations. Tell them it is high, and that you saw it quoted as in the papers, and they will blandly tell you that is what they pay for it. Another little rake-off between the producer and consumer! Not common, do I hear you say? Where it isn't done it is rare. I have investigated in a number of large centers. A commission house here, reputed the most reliable in the city, the head of it standing well in the community, has been making re- turns to a farmer on turnips at a sale price of 50 cents a bushel. Farmer learned that good turnips were not plenty — thought he should get more — but commission man said price was "good.'' So Mr. F"armer thought he would sell to the retailer himself. Went into a big market, but buyer after looking at samples said he might want some later, and what was the price. "Sixty-five cents," said the farmer. "Thunder! I only paid 60 cents for that pile of 100 bushels there." And they were Mr. Farmer's production with his tags on it. Get that buyer to testify against the commission man? Not much ! He could never buy another thing of a commission house (and they hare to get many things through them) at a right price, or right quality, or prompt delivery. I not only have watched the job but have the tricks straight from the lips of the trade. The National will have a tough job to get the proof and prosecute. I have just looked at the November Ri-:\'ii':\v, and I note the quotation for choice extracted l)y one house. On the day of the date of that quotation, (I think it was the same day) they sold to an ac- quaintance of mine Clover Ex. at lyic more, and claimed to be pay- ing then the "quoted'' price. Try a still hunt through persons not known to the trade and if needs be make a few purchases and watch the returns. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 49 Thorough Inspection of Apiaries Advocated. CRITICISES THE PRESENT METHOD OF I NSPECTION.— BELIEVES EACH FRAME IN A HIVE SHOULD BE INSPECTED.— BELI EVES TREATMENT SHOULD BE GIVEN BY THE INSPECTOR. By WILLIAM P. FRITZ, Canastota, N. Y. ^^Sf THIX'K our laws on the inspection of apiaries containing foul /jl brood could l)e improved. Our present method of inspection of apiaries is a waste of money. I think the proper way to in- spect an apiary to free a locality of foul brood would be to know the truth of it and no guesswork; to have all states instruct their in- spectors to inspect each and every apiary, making no difference if there is but one hive in a locality; that hive should be inspected so as to free the country of foul l^rood. Every frame in each hive should be taken out to mark the condition therein. Then in four weeks' time the inspector should go the rounds again to see that instructions are carried out. The inspectors here have a fat time of it and the state is out the money paid them. If an inpsector comes to me and says 'T have foul brood," and to do thus and so, and I do as I think best, knowing he onlv comes around once that year, everything having disease ought to be treated there and then. I helped Mr. , of A'entura, Cal., inspect Mr. 's three apiaries of 940 colonies in the month of July, 1905. He in- spected every hive, taking out every frame, weak or strong alike. He did this in all the apiaries inspected. He had a horse and wagon with tent and cooking outfit, as he had to inspect out-apiaries, where the proprietor was away. How would our eastern inspectors like this ? They could not go around in fine clothes and smoke cigars ; they would have to work ! That's what I want to see ! An inspec- tor that is an inspector, that can get right in and inspect and earn his money. ]\Iost of the trouble here is with the uninformed bee- keepers ; the up-to-date fellow causes very little trouble. After the bees have died of foul brood, as they have in this location this past year, a few of the bee-keepers are careless and leave their hives and combs exposed, so that other bees will clean up these hives of foul brood honey and in a short time he has the trouble again when he is trying to keep clear of it. A\'hen I can I buy these hives of bees, if they can be bought reasonably, to get them out of the way. If I have an apiary of 100 to 1,000 colonies, I would ex;:ect the inspector to inspect every hive with his own hands and report, as that is what he is paid to do. otherwise they are getting paid for what? 50 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Mendelism — A Reply to Mr. Snyder. THE DOCTOR SUPPORTS HIS FIRST POSITION.— SAYS WE CAN MAKE A THOUSAND COLONIES OF BEES ANYTHING WE CARE TO, SIMPLY BY KILLING OFF THE DRONES NOT WANTED. By DR. A. F. BONNEY, Buck Grove, la. ^V EFERRINO to Mr. Snyder's article in the Review for ^{^ December, page 443, his 6D's,and 6T's will not breed true, if I understand the Mendelian scheme, for one has to go to the fourth or fifth generation to get this result when we have ten T's and six D's. I think Mr. Darbishire, in "Breeding and the Mendelian Discovery," will support this contention. However, I dismiss that as wholly irrelevant to the matter in question, the impove- ment of bees, because Mendelism does not seem to apply to the parthenogenetic insects. I will quote Mr. Dar- bishire, who writes me as follows : "1 am much inter- ested in your account of your experiment with bees. The result is a puzzle to me. I am hoping to tackle the bee literature thorough- ly, and if I come across anything which throws light on the subject I will let you know." And yet Mr. Snyder seems to think he has solved the problem at his first attempt ! As to Mr. Snyder's diagram on page 444, it is neither }*Ien- delism nor reason. Observe diagram above. As I have mentioned before, the new law of heredity does not apply to parthenogenesis. We can mate our male and female bees but once, which is fatal to investigation. Moreover, his claim that a "BI Hybrid Black Queen mated to a BI Hybrid Black Drone will give out of every four eggs "lA — A pure Italian worker, virgin or drone; "1 — A pure black worker, virgin or drone ; Menelfel ism. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 51 "2 — An even mixture of eacli in Ijloocl, but by looks black," has no foundation in fact, and while Air. Snyder takes the trouble to state that "the above is right and a fact," there is one vital fault with it — it is not true. I cannot imagine what a "hybrid black queen or drone"' is other than a mongrel, but I do know, or think I know, as do all bee-keepers who have given thought to the subject, that a cross of a mongrel with a mongrel will beget a mongrel, but in the diagram he gives he claims would have almost pure Black bees in four generations, just as I, studying parthenogenesis, get pure Italians by mating to Italian drones. In my article on ]\Iendelism, and in which I gave no diagram of plants. I took an Italian queen and mated her to a Black drone, then carried the mating to the fifth generation, using an Italian drone, because I started with an Italian queen, and Iter drone progeny is always pure Italian, though her fem.ale oil- spring are hybrids. I did this because all we have to judge by is color, and I demon- strated how, in time, the Black blood is en- tirely eliminated. AVe did not know for a fact that queens mate but once until the Black bees were mated with the Italian. How- ever, there is nothing new in this, for it is merely parthenogen- esis, which is now ac- knowledged to be a law. It is probable, while other inheritance laws do not seem to be. Had I taken a Black queen and mated it to an Italian drone the Italian blood would have been eliminated, and, I infer, in five (5) generations, because it takes that time, mathematically, to prove it. I know there are times when, using Black drones, the Italian blood seems to be wiped out in three generations, but it is not. In the third generation Mr. Snyder takes a "BI Hybrid Black drone," whatever such a mongrel may be, instead of following my plan, and not satisfied with that, mates to a "BI Hybrid Black virgin," and gets, he claims, "one pure Black strain, one pure Italian strain and two hvbrids," and in tlie fourth ireneration. As I said before, this T^/s /s 52 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW is an absurd impossibility, judging- from the light we now have. A\'e not only do not know which is the dominant nor recessive blood in bees, but on account of parthenogenesis we may never know. One may in a short time make a thousand colonies of bees anything he may care to, simply by killing off the drones not wanted, or he may keep up a mongrel strain, according to ^Ir. Snyder's diagram, by letting his bees swarm all they will and killing- no drones. The average bee-keeper does not need this information, but Mr. Snyder seems to — and I furnish it gladly. I shall add to this article a short reply to Mr. Jeffries, for he, like Mr. Snyder, has formed a radically wrong idea of my diagram. In my article in the November Review, page 406, I gave a synopsis of the Mendelian diagram as applied to peas, showing that in the fourth generation the plants would yield ten (10) tall and six (6) dwarf plants, and that these, in turn, will breed true ever after. In the diagram of the bees I showed how parthenogenesis nullifies the Altndelian scheme, and showed in diagram what every bee- keeper who has studied knows, that we may make a yard full of bees any breed we wish by .breeding to a certain, ciueen and then breeding to drones of that breed. Transpose my diagram and mate to a Black or German queen and to drones of that breed for about four generations, and the Italian blood will be eliminated. This is merely demonstrating mathematically the law of parthenogenesis, which at one time Mr. Jeffries hooted at loudly. That the above is true is provable ; moreover, it is accepted by breeders everywhere. It is parthenogenesis pure and simple. Could we, however, breed bees as we do peas we could tell a dift'erent story. All the assertions made by Mr. Jeffries may be quite true, but have nothing to do with this study, for that it is more than an argument. However, I incline to the opinion that he is wrong on almost all points, because he assumes too much for propositions which cannot be proved on accoiuit of parfJicnof!^cncsis and our i>h ability to mate the bees but once. Mr. Jeffries betrays his lack of scientific information when he writes about the "black blood" of the German bee acting as does the indigo — blueing — used by the washerwoman to whiten the clothes. The blood of the bees is just alike, that is, the same color, so the black blood of the German bee cannot brighten the yellow color of the Italian's yellow blood. Moreover, the washerwoman uses the indigo to kill the yellozv tint in the linen and cotton clothes, the zvhite ones, not to make them yellower, because a study of colors tells us that the yellow of the washed cloth is more of an orange, and as orange is composed of red and yellow, blue is the comple- ment color, therefore if it is added it will tend to '"kill" the orange, which the washerwoman does. Now indigo, and the vellow-orange THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 53 of the clothing', are not prismatic colors, and the resulting- mixture would be a sort of a no-color gray. If the colors were pure, as in the prismatic, we would have a white as pure as sunlight. I do not know what our friend Jefifries means by brightening the yellow of Italian bees with black, or black blood, for so far as we know the Italian bee has no black admixture. That is, it is not a h3^brid. any more than is the Cyprian, Caucassian or Banat. I do not have to defer to Mr. Jefifries' longer experience in bee- keeping, for I quote men who were studying bees before he and I were born. His assertion that "there is not a strain of Golden, or Yellow, or four or five-lianded bees on this earth that have not got black blood in them," is not worth noticing, save for the con- sideration that some beginner may be led astray by it. The Italian queens are, it is true, variable, and by long study we might find something to indicate their right, but there is no evidence that the German bee was the progenitor of the Italian. To sooth ]\Ir. Jefifries' outraged feelings, I will say : Breed a pure Black queen — and by Black I mean German — to a pure Italian drone, then breed that half-blood, or half-breed queen, which it is, to other pure Black drones, and in four, five, ten, twenty or a hundred generations the Italian blood will be eliminated. Substi- tute Cyprian drones, and they will all ultimately by Cyprians. If we use Caucasian drones, we will have, in time. Caucasian bees, but we cannot breed them according to the ]\Iendelian law. Creating a Demand for Our Products. ADVOCATES ADVERTISING— HONEY A LUXURY— ADVERTISI NG AT FAIRS— ADULTERATION FEARED BY THE PUBLIC —BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION. By J. M. BUCHANAN, Franklin, Tenn. [The bee men should by all means cultivate the local trade to the utmost. whether they sell through an association or commission dealer. The two methods must both be followed for the most extended results. Mr. Buchanan mentions telling how honey is separated from the comb. Why not abolish the term extracted. It conveys a wrong impression to the public. Honey extractors should no longer be called by the name — they should be Honey Separators. Separated honey should supplant the term extracted honey. This is a move for the man- ufacturers, journals, and all the bee-keepers. It is more important than w e realize.] ^^r%E, as bee-keepers and producers of one of the world's best ^^y/ commodities, do not live up to our opportunities. Wq often complain of the low prices and poor demand for honey, when in most instances, at least, it is our own fault. I have no hesitancy in saying that if the proper methods were used in the advertising and sale of honey, that is, the methods generally adopted by the 54 THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW producers of other food products, we could increase the sale and use of honey to ten times what it is at present, and at the same time we could realize better prices than we now receive. It has been said that with proper advertising a man could make a fortune selling sawdust as breakfast food. Now as we have a breakfast-or-supper food of great excellence and value, why do we find so much difficulty in disposing of a little crop of honey? Obvi- ously we go at it in the wrong way. Honey is generally considered a luxury and not as a necessary article of food ; therefore we must create a demand for it — that is, we must make the public look on honey as a necessity, an everyday food, like butter or milk. This can be done, to a large extent, by the individual producer. Talk honey, show honey, write about honey, and be i)repared to fur- Exhibit of J. M. Buchanan at Tennessee State Fair. nish honey of the best quality to your customers. And right there is where some of us fall down — in the matter of quality. We need not expect to get return orders for ill-fiavored, unripe honey, or light- weight unfilled sections, or dirty, unsanitary packages. Put up your product in the best possible shape, and put nothing on the market but the best. Grade honestly, and talk quality, and be able to stand back of your product, and you will have solved the biggest part of the problem. Then our bee-keepers' associations, local and National, can do a great work in this line. We are too much inclined to devote all THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 55 our talents to the production of honey, while we neglect the selling end, and leave that entirely to the retailer. This same retailer has to push a hundred other articles, and has not the time to devote to creating- a demand. It is his business to supply the demand already existing. Then as a general thing, he knows very little about honey, anyway. One of the best advertising mediums I have found is the honey and bee exhibit at the fairs. For several years I have made a nice exhibit of my products at the state fairs, and besides winning pre- miums enough to pay expenses I have seen the demand grow until I am not able, by several thousand pounds, to produce enough honey to fill the season's orders, and that, too, at a price two or three cents above the general market. Apiary of J. M. Buchanan, KrankJin, Tennessee. One of the worst difficulties in the way of working up a de- mand for honey, is the almost universal suspicion that honey is adulterated. The public will take anything in the shape of cereals, syrups, canned goods or liquors, and never doubt their purity, but the first question that is asked when you show them honey is, 'Ts it pure?" This is all wrong, and we should lose no opportunity to correct this impression. We like to tell each other how clean, how moral, we bee-keepers are, as a class. Then let us take the public into our confidence and show them that we are not fakirs, and robbers ; that we are about as 56 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW honest as the producers of other sorts of food. Tell them how honey is produced, how it is separated from the comb, and why ; let them know that bee-keeping' is an honorable and legitimate busi- ness, and that honey is the best sweet in existence. Tell them of its wholesomeness. Show them its beauty. Demonstrate its cheapness as compared with other food products. Let them know you have it for sale, and how much would they like to have, at so much per pound? Of course all of this does not apply to the car-lot specialist ; but this same car-lot specialist is a business man, and will take care of the selling end of his business; or at least his honey producers' asso- ciation will. However, it does not api)ly tc^ the rank and file of bee- keepers, the majority of whom are dependent on their home market. It is up to the bee-keepers to educate the public, for the public is the ultimate consumer. The Spring Management of Bees. EARLY BREEDING IN THE SPRING— BEES IN THE ATTIC— PUTTI NG ON SUPERS IN APRIL— SECURING FROM TWO TO THREE HUNDRED POUNDS OF COMB HONEY PER COLONY— LARGE HIVES. By J. E. CRANE, Middlebury, Vermont. [This excellent article on Spring management of bees should have appeared a year or two ago, so it will not chronicle the weather conditions of last Spring, but is one of those articles that never get old by time, for it may forecast the very weather conditions we may be "up against" the coming Spring. There are two points brought out in Director Crane's article that are of great import to the honey producer. One is the oft-time advice of having plenty of stores in the hives at the end of winter (say 20 pounds), so that the colony will never feel the '"pinch" of "hard times" caused by lack of capital (honey) to work upon during the breeding season of spring, so as to get in shape to take advantage of the main honey flow when it comes. The other point brought out has not had so much thought, that is of giving surplus room two months before the opening of the surplus honey flow. I predict that in future surplus receptacles will be given much earlier in the season than in the past. Not but what the orthodox way of giving supers room a week or so before the opening of the season is all that is necessary as far as holding the crop of honey is concerned, but there are other conditions to be taken into consideration, but I think I had better tell you about this in the Editorial de- partment.— Townsend] . ^^^^ Y OPINION as to how long before the honey harvest ^£,^ queens should be doing their best, also how early in the flow should breeding- be discouraged? Would say that my views along- these lines have of late changed very materially, and I do not now think that ordinarily there is any danger from a queen putting- in her best work too early in this latitude. Our harvest here begins about the twelfth to the fifteenth of June, and to secure best results brood should certainly be spreading rapidly seven or eig'ht weeks earlier, but circumstances vary greatl}' THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 57 and not unfreqnently alter cases. Last year, for instance, it was unusually warm and bees were gathering and storing honey early in April and. of course, spreading their brood very fast. Xow I should have considered this a good thing if I could have been assured that there would have been a sufficient flow of early honey to have supported the large swarms that would result. Knowing the risk I did not encourage this abnormally early brood rearing. The exper- ience of yiay and June proved the wisdom of my course, for with a lio'ht flow of earlv honev their stores in manv hives were well nigh Bee-Keepers' Exhibit at Pecos Valley Exposition, Roswell, N. M., October 1st to 5th, 1912. That part marked "Roselawn Apiaries" put up by H. C. Barron received 15 Ribbons. exhausted b}- the latter part of May and the shortage of honey in their hives, with the unusual cold of late May and early June, checked brood rearing very seriously, and I was compelled to feed heavily to avoid actual starvation. If my hives had been heavily stocked with honey, there would have been but little loss of brood, notwithstanding the unseasonable cold. Indeed, the very strong colonies would have been a decided advantage, as they would have generated sufficient heat to have kept brood rearing at high-tide in spite of the cold. I found that a strong colony would consume a 58 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW full pound of heavy sugar syrup a day during the "pinch" just before the beginning of the harvest. Now it is easily seen that if brood rearing had been delayed till the last week in April we should have been better off by the 15th of June, and saved hundreds of pounds of sugar and honey. The shortage of stores greatly discouraged breeding at a time when it was of the highest importance. Again I find that unless brood is advancing rapidly by the first week in April, so the young earlv hatched bees will be abundant before the middle of May, the old last year's bees disappear so fast that our colonies are apt to become greatly depleted before the young bees hatch to take the place of the old bees. There is another objection to excessive early breeding. Old queens not infrequently exhaust themselves before the time for swarming, or the time when brood is of the most value, and in this way the brood is reduced when it should be at its best or in greatest abundance. Yet. after all, I do not quite share your fear of colonies becoming- over populous in early spring. The fact that some smaller colonies in April or May will surpass them does not to my mind count for much, as we know that some colonies are much more vigorous and better honey gatherers than others. Not having exhausted their stores early they may be stimulated by the large amount of honey in their hives to breed very rapidly during '^lay, and so have a large amount of brood at the beginning of the clover bloom, even more than the very populous colony early in the season. Two years ago I was invited to speak to the Connecticut bee- keepers at Hartford. After the close of the morning session I was talking with an old gentleman who told me he averaged more pounds of comb honey to the hive than any other bee-keeper in the state. "How do you manage?" I inquired. He said he owned a block in the city (Winstead, I think), and kept all his bees in the "attic" of this large building, with passages through the walls. "But don't they bother you about sv/arming?" "Yes," he said, "they swarm some," but he paid no attention to swarms, "as he could get more than any one else without the swarms." Imagine my surprise in overhearing the president, Mr. E. C. Britton, telling- some bee-keepers that the time to put on supers was in April, almost before we have looked into our hives here in V^ermont. He said further that by his system of management he had secured between 200 and 300 lbs. of comb honey from a single colony the previous season. In January last, while attending a meeting of the same society, Mr. Britton invited me down to his home in Canton and I had a chance to see his bees and learn how such immense crops of honey could be secured from a single hive in a rather poor section for THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 59 honev. I found the hives that he depended on for surplus in the "attic" of his house where the bees winter very perfectly and the temperature is much above that out of doors. During the early spring and as fast as the bees increased he would add supers to give room for his "army of workers.'' as he called them, whether honey was coming in or not. He informed me further that very little surplus honev was secured from colonies managed in the ordinary way. Xow it seems evident that these excessively strong colonies must be managed somewhat differently from less populous hives. First, they must be better supplied with honey and, secondly, they must have more room or combs of brood taken and given to less populous hives. Xote. please, what ^Ir. Gra\'enhost says on page 89 of the Ren'iew : "To remove the trouble from over populousness we have only to have a hive that is large enough, or that can be made large enough, and see that it is enlarged before it really becomes too populous. If we have a hive that cannot be enlarged, then we must remove some of the sealed brood and give it to some colony not so populous. Managed in this way the whole apiary will be in the best condition to take advantage of the honey flow when it comes, instead of having in it a few giants surrounded by dwarfs."' So I would get my colonies strong as early as I can, providing I can carry them through till the main harvest with honey. Many years such colonies will secure enough more early honey to make up what they consume above the average colony. In other years they will not, and we must either discourage them or feed ii they are short. "Though near the end of the harvest, ought we to discourage breeding?" I used to begin three or four weeks ahead, but find myself shortening the time and have come to doubt if it pays to discourage breeding very much at any time during the summer. I have killed a good many queens the last of June and early July to cut oft' breeding or the rearing of bees to consume honey during August, but have come to doubt the value of doing so. I notice colonies used for extracting where all the honey stored during the summer is left till September, and the bees can breed to their heart's content, are far stronger and better at the beginning of winter than those that have been queenless for a month during the summer. Yes, they will consume a great deal more honey during the winter, which is the other side of the question. Owing to the lack of space the second installment of the "Jeffrey's" articles, and the beginning of "Do Bees Reason?" had to be held over for the March issue. 60 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW BEGINNERS DEPARTMENT What To T)o Each Month This Department will be a permanent feature for the year 1913. Whether it is continued after that, or not, will depend upon how it is received by the subscribers. This paper is being published for your interest, and it is our desire to give you what you ivant. If this Department is not zvanted it will not be continued. FEBRUARY— Northern States. Jesse li. Roberts, Watseka, Ile. This month is so nearly like the preceding;' one that the instruc- tion for that month would apply to this one. In this latitude there are a few warm days in this month. These may be spent in exam- ining and noting' the condition of the bees. If any are found short in stores insert near the cluster a frame of comb filled with sugar syrup. Do not let a few days of pleasant weather cause you to remove or disturb your bees that are housed in their winter quarters. Do not remove the packing from those on their summer stands, for dur- ing this and the next month more protection than ever is needed, because their numbers are getting less, and they are commencing to breed more rapidly. Disturb the bees as little as possible ; see that the entrances are kept open. FEBRUARY — Southwestern States. By Henry C. Barron. For the specialist this month will be filled out by a trip or two visiting friends or to the National at Cincinnati. There is still time this month to complete putting up your sup- plies for the coming season, and a good many pointers gained by reading. Those who contemplate moving bees from one location to an- other, or have purchased bees to be moved, can do so the latter half of this month, taking proper time to do it neatly and carefully. We should expect a cold wave of ten days or two weeks the first part of this month (but there are exceptions), so have everything ready for it. This reminds us that we did have a cold snap the 6th and 7th of January — thermometer registered 12° below zero. Came from the north coast, and not belonging here passed on westward, but it THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 61 benumbed some bees, and will injure the colonies in some apiaries quite considerable. It is the strong belief of the writer that bees in these states should be provided with double w^alled hives, not only to guard against sudden cold waves, but to modify the heat in the summer time, especially so for the benefit of the comb honey producer. It is also noticeable that the bees in these hives will build up more rapidly in the spring. Has any bee-keeper that is located in a hot dry temperature had experience with the red wood hive as to its checking or lasting qualities, by simply oiling it thoroughly — no paint being used? FEBRUARY— New England and Eastern United States. By Bl'rton X. Gates. Assistant Professor of Bcc-Kecping, Massachusetts Agricultural College, Amherst. Mass. This is the season for indoor work. Alake sure that your stock is ready for spring. It will not be many weeks when bees com- mence to fly regularly. When you see the bees bringing in the first abundance of pol- len, you may be relatively sure that brood rearing has commenced. Look out for colonies which may have died. Listen at the hive or watch on the first day that bees fly. If a colony has died, imme- diately close the entrance and remove the entire hive to a building beyond the reach of bees ; disinfect 3-our combs to prevent the rav- ages of bee moths. If the colony was healthy, these combs will be useful to hive early swarms upon. If every bee-keeper would thus prevent robbing out dead colonies, the scattering of bee diseases would be materially reduced. Now is a good time to render wax. All the scraps and bits of wax collected during the year can be turned into money. Look into the approved methods of wax rendering, whereby you procure from 90% tO' 94% of the wax. There is a great question as to whether it pays to render material by old methods, securing only a small per- centage of wax. It would pay to save out white combs and render them separately, as there is little residue. The wax thus secured is highly prized by dentists and pharmacists, and has been known to sell from loc to $L00 a pound. Bright w^ax also may he put up in small cakes and sold by the gross to notion stores or dry goods stores for household use. The remnants of the honey crop should be disposed of. Tiy to use up the remainders of cartons and hone}^ receptacles so that next year you can start with a new stock. Bee-keepers are beginning to think of an attractive carton and to discard the old type of straw board, poorly printed and unattractive carton, for one which has 02 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW distinction, individuality and catches the eye of the consumer. There are almost untold possibilities for making" the products of the apiary attractive. This is the secret of the success of many of the products in the gTOcerv stock. FEBRUARY— Southern States. By J. J. Wilder. There are three blunders a beginner in bee culture is apt to make about the beginning of the season, and either one of wdiich will cause discouragement sooner or later. At this season of the year he has a few leisure hours, and he will try his hand at hive- making'. He has an idea about this feature of his new line of busi- ness, and he must carry it out, and the result will be that he will find himself far in the wrong after he has spent some hard-earned dollars and much of his leisure time at it. Well, if he don't get too badly "balled up" later he will order him some factor}^ made sup- plies and delight himself setting them up because they are so per- fectly cut out. Then he is a negligent fellow, but he and his family love honey and they are interested in their bees and often remark that he must order some necessary supplies for them, but somehow he fails to do it, until after the bees need supers and swarms are issuing. W^ell it is too late then, but he wonders if he could not get a few ready hives through the parcel post at once for the new swarms. He will remark perhaps that he was not expecting the bees to swarm or gather much honey this year. Then, too, he does not like to "fool" with the bees much, and in fact he hasn't the time, and is awfully afraid one will sting him, so he keeps his distance, but likes to see them working. To send in a little smoke at the entrance and raise the covers about one-eighth of an inch and send in smoke on the bees, then remove it and smoke the bees down from the top bars and lift out the frames one by one and look them over, would be a task impossible for him. But after the "caterpillars' have eaten up several colonies and he hasn't "been stung while hiving swarms and doing some little work about the bees, he concludes to go through a colony and examine it, using plenty of smoke, and my! my! \\^hat a wonder he has performed, and how interesting it is, and he goes through all his colonies and finds it only a small task to do so every two or three weeks during the bees' working season. A wise beginner will make no such blun- ders, but will buy the best supplies obtainable for his bees and orders them in time to set them up and have them in readiness before they are needed. And he has been a bee student during the winter and learned from literature on bee culture how bees are handled by oth- ers and is anxiously waiting for a warm sunny da}^ in February to THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 63 THIS SPACE will contain the new National Grading Rules, either wording or pidures, after the National Convention in February. HONEY QUOTATIONS Boston — Fancy white comb honey, 16c to ITc. No. 1 white comb honey, 15c to IGc. Fancy white extracted honey. 10c to lie. Light am- ber extracted honey, 9c to 10c. Amber, Sc to 9c. Wax, 30c. BLAKE-LEE CO., Jan. 20. 4 Chatam Row. Denver — We quote comb honey in a jobbing way at the following figures: No. 1, $3.05; choice, $2.90; No. 2, $2.70. Extracted honey, white, 9c; light amber, Sc; strained, 6^ to 7c. We pay 26c in cash and 2Sc in trade for clean yellow beeswax delivered here. The Colorado Honey Producers' Association, Jan. 18. F. Rauchfuss, Manager. KANSAS CITY. MO.— The demand for both comb and extracted honey is still light, with light receipts. Supply good. We quote as follows: No. 1 white comb, 2-1-sec. cases, $3.10 to $3.25; No. 2 white comb. 24-sec. cases, $2.75 to $3.00; No. 1 amber comb. 24- sec. cases, $3.00; No. 2 amber comb, 24-sec. cases, $2.75; extracted, white, per pound, 8 to Syic; extracted, amber, per pound, 7 to 8c; beeswax, per povind, 25 to 2Sc. Tan. 20. C. C. CLEMONS PRODUCE CO. CHICAGO — This past week has shown re- newed activity in the honey market, and while the supply is ample, the prices are fairly well maintained. The best grades of white comb honey bring 16c to 17c per lb., with a shading of Ic to 3c per lb. on the lower grades, ac- cording to quality and color. Extracted clover and basswood ranges from 9c to 10c per lb., with other grades and kinds at about 8c per lb. Beeswax steady at from 30c to 32c per lb. according to color and cleanliness. R. A. BURNETT CO.. Tan. 20. 173 W. South Water Street. CINCINNATI— The demand for honey at the present time is rather quiet and we do not look for a change until about the middle of next month. However, we quote fancy double decker comb honey at $3.75 to $4.00 a case; fancy extracted honey in 60-lb. cans at 9c to 10c a lb., and amber extracted honey in barrels at from 6^c to 8c a lb., according to the quality and quantity purchased. The above are our selling prices, not what we are pay- ing. For strictly choice bright yellow bees- wax, we are paying from 28c to 30c a lb. de- livered here. THE FRED W. MUTH CO.. "The Busy Bee Men." Tan. 19. 204 Walnut Street. CINCINNATI— The demand for comb and extracted honey is light with a good supply. No. 1 white comb honey sells in large lots at $3.60 per case of 24 sections; there is no de- mand for off grades. White extracted honey in 60-pound cans is selling from 9]/^ to 10c; light amber in barrels, 7 to 75/2c; in 60-pound cans, 8 to 8^2C. Beeswax, fair demand, sells at $33.00 per hundred. The above are our selling prices, not what we are paying. Tan. 17. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. NEW YORK— Comb honey is fairly well cleaned up; some little lots are still arriving, but not of any large size. The demand is fair at unchanged prices. The market on extracted honey is decidedly dull. The high prices this season for fancy stocks such as white clover and California sage have lessened the demand to quite some extent, and some companies have quit packing all together. While the supplies are not large of the above named, they are sufficient to meet the demand at prices ruling same as were furnished last. \\'est Indian honey is weakening considerably and is selling now at around 73c to 76c per gallon, according to quality. Beeswax is quiet at 30c to 31c. HILDRETH & SEGELIvEN, Jan. 22. 265-267 Greenwich St. Coming Conventions Eastern Illinois — St. Anne, Feb. 4 and .5. Worcester — \\'orcester. Mass, Feb. S. National — Cincinnati, Feb. 12 and K). 64 THE BlE-KEEPERS' REVIEW examine his bees, and when he does he does it just as he read it was done, iisins:^ all the reasoning power he possesses in the matter. He perhaps finds some colony rearing no young and not normal in strength, and united it with a weaker colony per the theory he has mastered. Some colony maybe is short of stores which he sup- plies from some extra heavy colony after the same manner. At this time there are some warm days and during which this little but very necessary apiary work must be done, which is our first round. A CURE FOR EUROPEAN FOUL BROOD. To the bee-keeper of the country. I have made some discoveries with re- gards to European Foul Brood — how it can and how it cannot spread. I caii cure a case in a few minutes. I can completely rid an apiary of this malady for about the same amount of trouble and expense that it would take to ex- tract the honey from it once. I neither destroy nor cage queens, I destroy no coml)s, in fact in every way it is eco- nomical, practical, easily understood ami very simple, but positive in its effect. A^ow, I claim that if all bee-keepers were in possession of these facts the European Foul Brood could practically be stamped out in one year. This, of course, would be of great value to the country, but what can I realize from ii beyond being able to keep my own apiary clean, whether my neighbors do or not. But I think that I should stand in some position as a person that havl invented some labor saving machine, a part of the benefit to the public ouglu to revert to the inventor. I am open to any proposition for making this remedy public that will properly remunerate me. Charles A. Lee, Kerman, California, Fresno County. Ventura, Calfornia, Decemlier 24, 1!)12. The Bee-Keepers' Review, Detroit, Mich. Friend Tyrrell : — We are having one of the coolest Vi'inters so far that we have had for years. The rains are still holding off. In the winter of 188;{ and 18«4 our first good rain came on the 27th of Janu- ary, ISS-t, and had a flood in February and had about 40 inches of rain before the season was over. The spring was late and the usual June sage flow lasted away in July. We are having a light frost every night. Success to you, M. H. Mendleson. December 30, 1912. E. B. Tyrrell, Detrfiit, Mich. Dear Sir: We wish to thank you for your ef- forts in putting the producer and buyer closer together, and think this is one of the best steps the Association has taken. We just sold a car of honey to a firm through your efforts at a half cent per pound more than we could have gotten here in the local markets. We still have another car of alfalfa and sweet clover honey to sell, and we would be pleased to have you find us a buyer. Thanking you in advance for this favor, w€ remain. Yours trulv. He: BIT We are having one of the coolest winters so far that we have had f^v vears. — M. H. Mendleson. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 65 Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your advertisement in this department. -o BEES AND QUEENS. For Sale. — ^Bees, honey and bee-keepers' supplies. A. E. I'urdick. Sunnyside, Wash. For Sale — 25 colonies bees, a quantity of hives, comb-honey supers and other supplies. If you want to save money write Leon C. Wheeler, Barryton, Mich. Golden Italian Queens that produce golden bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each $1, si.K $5; tested $2. J. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. If You Wish the best of untested three- hand Italian queens, send us your orders: 75c each, $4.25 per 6, or $S.OO per dozen. No order too small or too large for our prompt attention. Thirty years' experience. The Golden Rule Bee Co., Riverside, Calif. Golden and Three Band Italian Queens, also Carniolans. Untested, 75c each; 3 to 6, 70c; 6 to 12, 65c each. Tested, $1.00; over S, yOc each. Bees per pound, $1.25; nuclei per frame $1.50. No disease. Have every- thing guaranteed. C. B. ISankston, Buffalo, Leon County, Texas. Carniolan Queens. — Bred from best im- ported stock. Many colonies can be manip- ulated without the use of smoke or veil. Un- tested, one for $.75, six for $4.25, twelve for $8.00. lested, one for $1.00, six for $5.00, twelve for $10.00. William Kernan, Dushore, Pa., R. D. 2. Golden and Three Banded Italian, also gray Carniolan queens. lested, $1.00 each: 3 or more, "JOc each. Untested, 75c each; 3 to 6, 7nc each; 6 or more, 65c each. Bees per pound $1.25; nuclei per frame $1.50. A discount on orders booked 30 days before shipment. Bankston & Lyon, Box 64, Buf- falo, Leon County, Texas. The Key to successful honey production is good queens. We raise three-band Italians that make bees that gather us large crops of honey. We know how; we will sell you the same kind for 75 cents each, $4.25 per 6, or $8.00 per dozen, untested. Safe arrival and satisfaction always. Fifty to 100 queens, 65 cents eacii. If you wish queens in a hurry, mail us your orders. Rialto Honey Co., Rialto, Calif. Bees and Combs for Sale. — 45 colonies of bees in 10 fr. home-made hives at $4.00 per hive if taken soon. These bees were all re- queened late in summer, mostly from queens of Geo. B. Howe stock, and are in good can- dition. Have never had any disease. Also 800 full drawn combs in L. frames, nearly free from drone comb; togethe!" with 10 fr. hive bodies containing them. Rev. L. P. Holmes, Frankfort, Kansas, Route 3 HONEV AND WAX. Wanted — To buy, dark, amber honey for baking. Give prices delivered here. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 So. Water St., Chicago. For Sale — Finest quality clover and bass- wood extracted honey in 60-lb. cans. J. F. Moore, Tiffin, Ohio. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. Hildreth & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. Extracted Honey of the finest quality — thick well ripened, flavor simply delicious. White clover and sweet clover blend. Price 9c per pound in bright new 60 lb. cans. Sam- ple free. J. P. Moore, Morgan, Ky. For Sale. — Fine extracted honey, clover and basswood mixed, in new 60 lb. (net) square cans, two in a box. Price 8J/2 cts. per lb. to close out. Dr. C. G. Luft, Fremont, Ohio. For Sale. — Honey, white and sweet clover and basswood mixed, 8}i cts. per lb; sweet clover' and heartsease, 7fic; put up in new 60 lb. cans, two in case; sample, 10 cents. Pure, clean beeswax, 31 cents. Prices on car at my station. Peter J. Norberg, Spring \'alley. 111. For Sale — Finest quality white clover and basswood honey, blended in extractor. Put up in brand new 60-lb. cans, two cans per case, at 10c per lb. by case of two cans, or more, F. O. B. Flint. Cash with order. L. S. Griggs, 711 Avont St., Flint, Mich. MZSCEBI^ANEOVS. For Sale — At bargain prices to close out, new 8 frame double walled hives in the flat. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. For Sale — Bee-keepers' supplies. Agents' prices. Save freight. Free catalog. G. F. StantoNj Buckingham, Fla. Wanted to correspond with a lady about 30 to 45 years of age, with a good common school education and a little means, who is matrimonially inclined and willing to locate in the west. Address S. T. L., care Bee-Keepers' Review, 214 Hammond Bldg., Detroit. GET TOP NOTCH PRICES FOR YOUR HONEY USING LEWIS SECTIONS send for Annual catalog which win tdl AUn OUIDOIUP PACCP '"*" ^^° '* ^°"' ""''«»' Distributer. ANU OnlrPING LAOCS G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. 66 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Stir National l^^-Si^^p^ra' Asanriattnn Officers. Directors. George W. York, President Sandpoint, Ida. E. D. Townsend, Chairman Remus, Mich. MoRLEY Pettit, Vice-Pres. . .Guelph, Ont., Can. J. M. Buchanan Franklin, Tenn. E. B. Tyrrell, Secretary Detroit, Mich. Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. 230 Woodland Ave. J. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. N. E. France, Treas. Gen. Mgr., Plattville, Wis. F. Wilcox Mauston, Wis. (rational Branches and Their Secretaries. Arizona Honey Exchange N. Michigan — Ira D. Bartlett G. M. Frizzell, Tempe, Ariz. East Jordan, Mich. Adirondack— H. E. Gray.. Fort Edwards, N.Y. Ohio — Prof. N. E. Shaw, Dept. of Agr Colorado— Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. Columbus, Ohio Chicago-Northwestern — L. C. Dadant.... Oregon — H. Wilson Corvallis, Ore. Hamilton, 111. Pecos Valley— Henry C Barron Hampshire — Hampden — Franklin — Dr. Hagerman, New Mexico Burton N. Gates Amherst, Mass. Pennsylvania— H. C. Klinger. Liverpool, Pa. Idaho— R. D. Bradshaw Notus, Ida. Twin Falls— C. H. Stinsoii. .Twin Falls, Ida. Illinois — Tas. A. Stone. . .Rt. 4. Springfield. 111. Tennessee — J. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn. Iowa — S. W. Snyder Center Point, Iowa Texas — Willis C. Collins, Box 154 Indiana — Geo. W. Williams, Redkey, Ind. Goliad, Texa» Missouri — J. F. Diemer Liberty, Mo. Vermont — P. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. Michigan — O. H. Schmidt Washington — J. B. Ramage Rt. 5, Bay City, Mich. Rt. 2, N. Yakima, Wash. Minnesota — Dr. L. L. Leonard Wisconsin — Gus Dittmer Augusta, Wis. ..515 Syndicate Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. Worcester County — J. S. A\"hittemore. ... New Jersey — E. G. Carr. . . .New Egypt, N. J. ' Leicester, Mass. A Brief Report of the Convention Held by the Twin Falls Branch, N. B. K. A. The Twin Falls County Bee-Keepers' Association held a very interesting meeting at the Commercial club rooms on Friday after- noon, December 20. There was a good attendance of bee-keepers present from all over the country. The annual report of the secretary-treasurer showed a rapid growth of the association for the past year as well as an increased interest in bee culture. The secretary explained in a brief manner the way in which foul brood is spread from one colony of bees to other stands. Dr. D. I\ Albee, of Rock Creek, gave an interesting talk on th-e destructiveness of foul brood among the bees and the value of the honey bee as a pollenizer. O. E. Carlson was then called upon and favored the association with a splendid talk along the same lines. J. Benj. Hall gave an instructive talk on the value of the hone}^ bee as a honey gatherer compared to its value as a pollenizer, which showed that its value as a pollenizer was four times greater than its value as a honey gatherer. Bee culture is yet in its infancy on the Twin Falls tract, yet there is several thousand stands of bees here and with a good honey year there would be several cars of honey shipped from the tract. The association elected the following officers for the ensuing- year: THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 67 For Sale— Empty second hand cans, two cans to the case, good as new, 25c per case. C. H. W. Weber & Co., 2146-2148 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio. For Sale — White Sweet Clover Seed. The clover best for honey, the best for hay, and the best to inoculate the ground before sowing to alfalfa. Will run about one-half hulled seed. Price 25 lbs., 12 cents per lb.; 50 lbs. or more, 11 cents. Cash with order. Ira D. Bartlett, East Jordan, Mich. POSITIONS AND HEIiF. Young Deaf College Graduate, having recently completed a course in bee-keeping, desires a position in an apiary for 1913. Ref- erences exchanged. Leon Jones, 1213 Grand Ave., Kalamazoo, Michigan. Wanted — A man to run 140 colonies for comb honey for season of 1913. State salary wanted and experience. Everything new. Care C. B. & Q. Ry., B. F. Smith, Jr., Cow- ley, Wyo. Situation Wanted. — By a young man who lias successfully passed his examinations after taking a course of lectures and demonstra- tions in apiculture at the Ontario Agricultural College. Any one desiring help of this kind for the season of 1913. kindly correspond with ^Iorley Pettit, Provincial Apiarist, Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph, Canada. BEAl^ ESTATE. For Sale. — Will trade for bees or supplies, a fine home. F. W. Brainard, Canon City, Colo. POUITBY. Sicilian Buttercups. — The most persistent layers and non-sitting strain eggs, $1.50 and $3'.00 per 15. Walter M. Adem.\, Berlin, Mich. From spring count of three increased by dividing and swarming to eleven colonies, also obtained seven gallons oi extracted honey, and 336 sections. Re- ceived $1.00 per gallon for extracted, and 10 to 17 cents per section for comb honey, according to grade. Our first swarm was June 9th, and our last (from first swarm) August 20th. None absconded to our knowledge, though our occupation, R. D. carrier, keeps us from home too much to see everything going on in an apiary. B. T. BOSSERMAN, WiUiamston, Ohio. An Extensive Honey Business in tlie East For Sale One of the most extensive honey dealers in the east desires to sell his business. This man is well known, and the mere an- nouncement of his name would be a recom- mendation for the business. However, he does not wish to announce his name for the reason that when one offers a business for sale people are apt to take it for grant- ed that he is out of business, and naturally it injures his trade; hence if you are inter- ested you can reach him by sending your letter to this office, when it will be for- warded to him direct for a personal reply. This man is one of the largest bottlers of honey in the east as well as having an extensive business of comb honey. He has been ordered by the physician to take up outdoor work away from the city which is the reason for selling. There is no ques- tion but what this is a desirable business for one interested along that line. For particulars address "HOXEY BUSIXESS," c/o Bee Keepers' Review, 214 Ham- mond Bids'., Detroit. January 4th, 1913. Bee- Keepers' Review : — Would it not be a good plan to re- quire of the advertisers of queen bees to guarantee all queens sent out by them would be of their own breeding. from their own strain of bees, unless the intending purchaser be advised be- fore the mailing of the queen or queens otherwise. In case of a rush order for a queen or two for queenless colonies a letter could be mailed with the queens and if the purchaser is not satisfied hj could return the queens at the breed- er's risk. I believe as the ad. is sent through the U. S. mail the breeder can be heivl by the U. S. authorities for obtaining money under false pretense if he should send out queens that are not of his strain, and breeding, as he is sell- ing a specially named article of a cer- tain blood strain or race Swarthmore, Pa. Pexx G. Sxyder. THE BEEWARE BRAND MEANS SUCCESS INSURANCE Send (or Annaal Catalog which will tell yon who is yoar nearest Distributer. G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. 68 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW President, J. B. Hall. Vice-President, H. H. AVinger, re-elected. Secretary-Treasurer, C. H. Stinson, re-elected. Meeting of the Worcester Branch, N. B. K. A. The annual meeting" of this Branch was held January 11, 1913. in the library of the Horticultural hall, in Worcester, J\Iass. A report of the committees on by-laws was read and accepted. and the treasurer also made a report on the financial condition. The officers elected for 1913 are as follows: President — O. F. Fuller, Blackstone, Mass. Vice-presidents — Arthur C. Monroe, Spencer, Mass. ; Herbert E. Bradish, Worcester, Mass. Secretary-Treasurer — J. S. Whittemore, Leicester, Mass. Board of Directors — J. L. Byard,- Marlboro, Mass. ; J. Lewis Ells- worth, Worcester, Mass. ; Frank R. S. Bond, Worcester, Mass. The yearly program will be ready for distribution at their next regular meeting in February, and which will be a joint meetmg of the State Bee-Keepers" Association of Massachusetts. This meeting will be held February Sth, at the Horticultural Flail. Front street. 'Worcester, Mass. Speakers from different states will be present, which will help make the program interesting. Dr. Burton N. Gates was elected delegate to the National con- vention in February, at Cincinnati. — O. F. Fuller. Meeting of the Ohio Bee-Keepers' Association, January 14 and 15. The Ohio State Bee-Keepers met in Townsend Hall, at the Ohio State University, Columbus, for their fourth annual convention. The average attendance for the different sessions was about forty. The following program was carried out, and interesting discus- sions followed each address. Tuesday, Jan. /_/, / p. in. Report of Secretary; Report of Treasurer; President's Address: Report of Chief Inspector of Apiaries; Result of Apiary Inspection in Hamilton County — Fred W. Muth ; \\'ith the Apiary Exhibit at County Fairs — Glenwood Beard. Tuesday, /.\^o [>. m. Agriculture at the University, Prof. J. S. Hine, Ohio State Uni- versity ; Address — Organization, E. B. Tyrrell, Secretary National Bee-keepers' Association ; Address — Education in Bee-keeping, C. P. Dadant, Editor American Bee Journal: Live Bee Demonstration, E. R. Root, Editor GIeanins:s in Bee Culture. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 69 Sow Sweet Clover Sweet clover growing in waste places will increase j'our honey flow far more than you realize. Sow sweet clover either in the fall or spring. Our seed is hand gathered and contains nothing but well ripened sweet colver seed. One pound, postpaid 25c Five pounds, postpaid $1.25 10 lbs. F. O. B. Boulder, Colo $1.50 25 ibs, $3.10. 50 lbs. or more, 11 cents per pound. THE NATIONAL BEE KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION, 214 HAMMOND BLDG., DETROIT, MICH. HOW TO 10 Days TRIAL Atk (ir Parliculira GET BEHER LIGHT From KEROSENE (Coal OiD Testa by Prof. Rogers, Lewis Inetltate, Ohlcaio, on leading oil-burning lamps ehow the Aladdin Mantle Lamp Is the most economical and gives over twice 1"^ a* much light as the Rayoand other lamps I tested. It Is odorless, safe, clean, noiseless. I Quaranteed. Better light than gas or eleo- 1 trio. To introduce the Aladdin we'll send a sample lamp "-ji t" AGENTS WANTED Experience unnecessary. Every home needs tblB lamp. One agent soK over 1000 on money back guarantee, not one returned. Another sold I •800 worth InlK days. Evenings made profl- 1 table. Ask foragenta prices and trial offer, | MUTLE UHP COMPAMT. 43] Aladdin BIdg., Chicago, III Ask For Our Paper Superiority r'^HECarniolan Bee explaining the merits of this race of bees, best systems of management for comb honey and for extracted honey, and other information. Get acquainted with the merits of this race of bees before placing your order for queens for the coming season. ALBERT G. HANN, Cnrniolan Queen Breeder, Pittstown, N. J. American Butter & Cheese Company 31-33 Griswold St, Detroit, Mich, Always in the market for choice comb honey. Write us. Bee Supplies Sold at Cost. I^et us figure on your wants. Berry bas- kets, crates, etc., furnished. 5,000 pounds White Extracted Honey for sale. W. D. SOPER, Jaekson, Mich. Save 50% on Lewis Beeware We will sacrifice for cash a large stock of Lewis Beeware recently purchased from the Bankruptcy Court. Send for Itemized List. Fantus Bros., 525 So. Dearborn St., Chicago. DISTRIBUTING HOUSES FOR LEWIS BEEWARE Send for Annual Catalog which will tell you who is your nearest Distributer. G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. I 70 THE BEE-KLtPERS- REVIEW JJ'cdncsday, Jan. if, — Q-OO A. AI. Ohio Apiculture — Impressions of a Farmers' Institute Lecturer, Prof. W. A. !\Iatheny, Ohio University; Florida Bee-Keeping, J. E. Marchant ; My Experience With European Foul Brood, B. J. Holden. Wednesday— I P. M. Queen Rearing, J. C. Mosgrove ; A\'ax Rendering, H. II. Root; Production of Comb Honey, A. A. Doenges. We were fortunate in having with us the editors of the three leading bee journals. Their addresses were inspiring and of great value to our members. Mr. Tyrrell gave us many valuable sugges- tions along organization lines, and we are going to prove to him by our membership one year hence, that we have acted upon his valu- able suggestions. Subscribers to the American Bee Journal in this state (and there is a large number of them) had the opportunity to meet the editor, Mr. C. P. Dadant. His presence and talks were greatly appreciated, and we hope to have him with us again. Topics relating to bee diseases seemed to create greatest interest. The association voted to become a branch of the National, and our constitution will be adjusted accordingly. Old officers were re-elected. Next meeting will be held in Athens, Ohio. N. E. Shaw, Secretarv. Program of the National Bee-Keepers' Convention, to be Held at Cincinnati, Ohio, Wednesday and Thursday, Feb. 12 and 13. The meeting will be called to order at 10 a. m., when a Com- mittee on Credentials will be appointed. Meeting will then adjourn for the iiling of delegates' credentials. Aficrnoon Session. 1 p. m., the following order of business will be observed : 1. Appointment of a Committee on Resolutions ; a Committee on Constitution; an Auditing Committee, and a Committee on Good of the Order. 2. President's address. 3. A^ice-President's report. 4. Secretary's report. 5. Treasurer's report. 6. Directors' report. 7. Legislative Committee's report. 8. Proposed amendments. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 71 This Pail for ^% cts.,in Crates of 100. F.O.B. Detroit A friction top pail. Put in the honey, push down the cover, and you have no leakage. Size of pail, 6^8 inches in diameter by 7 inches high. Holds 10 lbs. Honey Same Pail Holding 5 lbs. Honey, $5.00 per 100. Write for descriptive circular giving full particulars, prices, and freight rates, to The National Bee-Keepers' Association 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. Make Your Own Hives Bee. Keepers will save money by using our Foot Power SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford, Illinois. WANTED New Crop Honey Both Comb and Extracted Hildreth & Segelken 265-267 Greenwiob St. NEW YORK CITY, X. Y. Syracuse, N. Y.. Dec. 7, 1912. E. B. Tyrrell, Detroit, Mich Dear Friend: Enclosed you will find subscription due for 1912. I have enjoyed it very much indeed and I sometimes think that there is a fraternal feeling with our bee-keepers found in no other oc- cupation. Yours very truly, Oscar Dixes. LEWIS HIVES ARE BUILT LIKE FURNITURE send for Annual catalog which win tell , __ __- — _«— ,., ,, . --^nr^AvM yon who IS your nearest Uistribnter. ARE PERFECT IN ALL RESPECTS G.B. Lewis company, Watertown.WU. 72 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Evening Session. T p. m. 1. Address — "Xeeds of the ^^'estern Bee-Keepers" — by A\'esley Foster, Boulder, Colorado. 2. Discussion. 3. Address — 'AMiy the Production of Comb Honey Should Be Increased" — by Ernest Root, of Medina, Ohio. 4. Discussion. Morning Session. Friday, 8 a. ni. 1. Report of the Auditing- Committee. 2. Amendments to the Constitution. .'>. Incorporation of the National. 4. Election of Ofificers and Directors. •"). Report of Committees on Uniform Grading- Rules — Buyers and Producers. (). Discussion on Uniform .Shipping Cases. T. Other business. Afternoon Session. 1 p. m. 1. Address — "Some Recent Achievements \\'ith Suggestions for 1913"— by Dr. B. N. Gates, of Amherst, ^lass. 't. Discussion. 3. Short talks by the delegates. Each delegate will be called on for an address on any topic he sees fit to select. 4. Question Box. After much correspondence the Grand Hotel, located at the corner of Fourth and Central avenues, has been selected as our headquarters. The hotel will hold about five hundred people. The rates for rooms (European plan) are from $1.00 each person up. without bath, and $2.00 up with bath. The Convention will be held on the second floor. All sessions will be open to the public, but the voting will be done only by the delegates. A list of the hotels are as follows: Hotel Alms (American plan), $3.00 up. Bristol Hotel (European plan). "iOc up. Burnet House (American plan), $2.50 up. Hotel Emery (European plan), $1.00 up. Gerdes Hotel (European plan), $1.00 up. Grand Hotel (European plan), $1.00 up. Gibson House (European plan), $1..')0 up. Hotel Havlin (European plan), $1.50 up. Honing Hotel (European plan), $1.50 up. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 73 PROTECTION HIVES arc creat- ing a sen- sation in the Northern States from Maine to Cahfornia. Dead Air spaces or pack- ing as you prefer. New special circular showing six- teen large il- lustrations ex- plains all. Send For One. A. G. W^OOdman Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. Learn Beekeeping from tuc Beginning "First Lessons in Beekeeping," and the American Bee Journal, one year, Both for Only $1.00 "First Lessons in Beekeeping" is a 190-page book telling all that the beginner need know. ... It has an attractive paper cover, and many illustrations. "Doolittle's Scientific Queen-rearing," and the ^4 AA American Bee Journal, one year. Both for Only $X«v" Doolittle's "Scientific Queen-rearing" book contains 126 pages, and is bound in leatherette vi^ith round corners. It tells in the clearest way possible just how the famous queen- breeder, Mr. G. M. Doolittle, rears the best of queen bees in perfect accord with Nature's way. As all know, Mr. Doolittle has spent some 40 years in rearing queens and pro- ducing honey. He has no superior as a queen-breeder. You can learn to rear fine queens by following his directions. The beginner will want "First Lessons;" the older beekeeper should have "Scientific Queen-rearing." You will not regret it if you send vour $1.00 now and get either one of these books with the JOURNAL, as the JOURNAL itself is worth more than the total cost. AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, HAMILTON, ILLINOIS 74 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Hotel Hoemer (European plan), 50c up. Hotel Lackman, Stag- (European plan), $1.00 up. Hotel Oxford (European plan), 50c up. Munro Hotel, Stag (European plan), $1.00 up. Palace Hotel (American plan), $2.00 up. Princeton Hotel (European plan), 75c up. Hotel Rand (European plan), 50c up. Hotel Savoy (European plan), $1.00 up. Hotel Sinton (European plan), $2.00 up. Stag Hotel (European plan), 50c up. Sterling Hotel (American plan), $2.00 up. Proceedings of the First Session of the Iowa Branch, N, B. K, A. The secretary, Mr. S. W. Snyder, of Center Point, Iowa, sent me a complete report of their convention, which unfortunately reached me too late for the January issue, and the February num- ber being so crowded, I am obliged to reduce the report somewhat, but I want to thank the secretary for the pains taken in sending me such a complete report. This meeting was held in Des Moines. Iowa, December 12th and 13th. Owing to the absence of the president, Mr, W. P. South- worth, Frank C. Pellett presided. M. G. Dadant, of Illinois, and J. F. Diemer, of Missouri, were visitors from other states. Mr. Dadant read a paper written by his father, C. P. Dadant, editor of the American Bee Journal. Mr. Diemer gave a short address on "Bee-Keeping in Missouri," which was followed by a general dis- cussion. The president then made committees on the president's address ; permanent organization ; grading rules and membership. Adjourned for lunch. At 2 p. m. the meeting was called to order again, when the following program was carried out: Address by Eugene Secor, Forest City — "Fun and Fuss of Bee-keeping." F. W. Hall— "Production of Comb Honey." Prof. W, J. Kennedy, of Ames — "Extension Work." C. H. True, of Edgewood — "Wintering Problems." All of these addresses were followed by lively discussions. The Committee on Resolutions made their report, which v/as adopted, which contained, in part, the following: That as there are 30,000 bee-keepers in Iowa, but a small portion of whom are informed con- cerning bee-keeping, that the State Entomologist should be pro- vided with an assistant to be known as an assistant in apiculture, who shall devote his entire time to the development of better methods of honey production, etc. THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 75 Now is the Time to Lay In Your Supply of Dadant's Foundation Three Per Cent Discount during January We Want Your Beeswax — to work into Foundation or For Cash. Highest prices paid for wax especially if light lemon in color and from cappings. Agents all over the United States and in Foreign Countries. A. G. WOODMAN CO. Grand Rapids Agents for Michigan DADANT & SONS, HAMILTON, ILLINOIS. "If goods are wanted quick, send to Pouder." BEE SUPPLIES Standard hives with latest improvements. Danzen- baker Hives, Sections, Foundation, Extractors, Smokers, in fact everything used about the bees. My equipment, my stock of goods, the quality of my goods and my shipping facilities cannot be PAPER HONEY JARS (Sample Mailed Free) For extracted honey. Made of heavy paper and paraffine coated, with tight seal. Every honey producer will be interested. A descriptive circular free. Finest white clover honey on hand at all times. I buy beeswax. Catalog of supplies free. WALTER S. POUDER, Indianapolisjnd. 859 Massachusetts Avenue. The Winter Months Are Planning Months for Good Bee Keepers To carefully read catalogs is profitable if they are truthful and enlightening. We try to make ours such. It lists good goods, and we can make quick shipments. Your name on a postal brings it. If you raise berries, ask for our berry basket list also. M. H. HUNT & SON 141 Condit Street LANSING, MICH. 76 THE BEE-KEEPERS REVIEW Prof. W. J. Kennedy was commended for his work in behalf of bee-keeping". , The legislature was requested to provide for a sufficient appro- priation to enal^le a proper inspection of bee.-^ to be carried out, as foul brood is unusually prevalent in the state, being found in o? counties. They recommend the amendment of the present foul brood law to prevent shipment of bees into the state. Next session was called at 9:20 a. m., the 13th. The next convention will be held in Des Moines. The committee on grading rules recommended the following rules : "Fancy. — Cappings even and uniform, white and free from travel stain. Comb attached well to wood without openings; no uncapped cells. Sections bright and clean. No section to weigh less than 15 ounces. 'Wo. I White. — Cappings even and uniform, white and may be slightly travel stained ; row of cells next to wood partly or entirely uncapped. Not over 200' uncapped cells. No section to weigh less than 14 ounces. Comb must be attached to all sides, except small holes at lower corners. "No. I Dark. — Substantially same as No. 1 white, except color, which must be darker than light amber. "Note. — All honey to be standard sections." The committee on organization submitted a Constitution, the parts of general interest being as follows: The Association shall be known as the Iowa Branch of the National Bee-Keepers' Association, and shall enjoy all ]M-ivileges and rights vouchsafed by the National to any Branch or Bee-Keepers' Association. Memberships shall begin January 1st each year. Annual meetings shall be held Thursday and Friday, second week in December, unless otherwise decided by the Directors. These are the important points covered by the Constitution. E. E. Townsend, of Fort Dodge, was elected delegate to the National Convention, to be held at Cincinnati, February 12th and 13th. Following this was an address by E. E. Townsend on "State Aid for the Industry." He was followed by remarks from Frank C. Pellett and Prof. H. E. Somers, state entomologist. Dr. A. F. Bonney read a paper on "Can the Honey Bee Be Improved?" Meeting again convened at 1 p. m., the l-'Uh, and the follow- ing officers were elected: President — Frank C. Pellett. Atlantic. Iowa. Vice-President — 'J. W. Stine. Salem, Iowa. Secretarv — S. ^^^ Snvder. Center Point, Iowa. THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 77 Now Then, for Your Early Bee Supply Orders Send us a list of the Bee Supplies you want. Our prices will astonish you! Also send us your old combs — we will render your wax and save you money. Write for particulars. The FRED W. MUTH CO. "The Busy Bee Men" 204 Walnut St. CINCINNATI, O. MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best young basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. "falcon'' FOUNDATION Made at Falconer, N. Y., in the "Fal- con" Plant. From the best wax that can be purchased, run through our special cleansing and sheeting processes, and milled with the greatest care. The bees prefer it, and work on it sooner. Big orders a specialty; write for prices. During February we are allowing a 2% discount on all "Falcon" bee-supplies. Don't be one of those fellows who wait until the last minute and lose money. Write us to-day. Write for samples of our foundation and Red Catalog postpaid. w. T. FALCONER MFG. Falconer, ]\. Y. CO. niicrc th c Good Bee-Hives come from. 78 THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW Treasurer — C. H. True, Edgewood, Iowa. Directors — Dr. A. F. Boniiey, Buck Grove, Iowa; Hamlin B. Miller, Marslialltown, Iowa; E. C. Wheeler, Marshalltown, Iowa. Address by J. L. Strong, of Clarinda, on "Making the Most of the Home Market." Committee was appointed by the President to interview the Secretary of Agriculture, relative to a suitable display of honey and bees at the next Iowa State Fair. 'Motion was made that the President appoint a committee of three on legislation. After a lively discussion, while no explicit instructions were given, it was shown that the sentiment was favor- able to a request being presented to the legislature for an appro- priation of $10,000. The committee appointed consisted of A. P. Chamberlin, F, C. Scranton and J. H. Schweer. Brief Report of the State Convention of New York Bee-Keepers' Societies, This convention was held in Rochester, N. Y., December 17, 18 and 19. Like bee-keepers' conventions generally, the exchange of ideas concerning methods relating to bee-keeping made it a very pleasant and profitable meeting. Some of the points brought out were as follows : Mr. S. D. House recommends re-queening with a vigorous well- bred strain of Italian bees to combat the European foul brood. He said that this disease is quite apt to show first in a queen cell if one is present in the hive. Where bees were weakened by the disease it was recommended to shake two or more colonies together. Mr. Chas. Stewart said badly inbred Italians were much subject to the disease. Mr. Stewart recommended getting Italians from a district where the disease has been checked, as they would be more apt to be a strain that would withstand disease. In discussing cellars for wintering it was brought out that where the space between joists had been filled in with sawdust, it resulted in the joists rotting in a short time. Fresh air was considered an important point for cellar wintering, and the larger number of colonies wintered in one cellar the more liable they were to become uneasy. Cellars having a stream of water running through them were noted for good wintering. R. F. Holderman and H. L. Case both spoke in favor of outdoor wintering. Mr. Holderman uses leaves for packing on the outside and top of the hive, and contracts the entrance. Mr. Case packs on the top only, filling a deep hive-body full of leaves, allowing the THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 79 The Best Time to Buy Supplies The season just past lias deinonstrated more cleaily than ever the necessity for be- ing prepared for a honey-flow BEFORE it comes. If you wait until the season is upon you, the chances are that the greater part of the crop will be lost while you are im- patiently waiting for supplies to arrive. It may seem a little early now to think of next season's honey harvest; but the fact of the matter is, this is just the time to order goods for next season. We are beginning now to replenish our stocks. We shall have carload orders com- ing from the factory very often for the next few weeks. Special orders placed now can have just the attention they need, both here and at the factory, and you may have your goods sent in one of our cars, thereby saving on transportation charges. Regular stock will come straight to you from our warehouse in new unbroken packages, and you can put the goods together in your odd minutes, thereby saving the expense of extra help in the spring. Our usual discounts for early orders apply again this season — 3 per cent for cash orders sent in January, the discount diminishing one per cent per month as the season advances. These discounts mesn a considerable saving, and you might as well take advantage of the highest by ordering now. No change of prices has as yet been an- nounced, and you may. therefore, order from your present catalog. If your catalog has been mislaid, write us at once and we will send anoiher. If your season's crop of honey is not yet disposed of, we can give you a good price and handle it promptly. Send samples of extracted and full information as to containers, flavor, quantity, price, etc. We also handle comb honey. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. 2146 Central Avenue. CINCINNATI, OHIO. PAGE-KENKEL MFG. CO. MANUFACTURERS OF THE "NONE BETTER" Bee - Keepers' Supplies •THIRTY YEARS EXPERIENCE Perfect sections from young, white, kiln dried basswood. White Pine Hives and Supers, Excellent Shipping Cases, Brood Frames, Separators, etc. We invite your correspondence. Page-KenJ^el Manufacturing Co, New London, Wis. Comb Foundation Working Wax You have to go below the surface of things to find THE REASON WHY the HONEY BEES like Dittmer Process Comb Foundation It is because, it is PURE. WHOLE- SOME, has the TASTE, SMELL, and FIRMNESS of the Honey Comb the Honey Bee make themselves. You will be money ahead to send your wax to DITTMER to be worked into Foundation. SEIVO FOR PlilOES AND DISCOUNTS, GUS. DITTMER CO. Augusta, Wis. 80 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW entrance to remain open the full width of the hive. Geo. B. Howe and others reported that in their locality outdoor wintering was not as successful as indoor on account of the high winds. Many present reported favorably on the steam-heated uncapping knife. In straining honey R. F. Holderman uses a coarse cloth first, then runs the honey into tanks three feet in diameter by six feet high, and lets it stand two or three days, and then skims it. It was the general opinion that considerable nice honey is not strained as well as it should be. When it is re-melted after granulating, the particles of wax melt and gives it a waxy taste. Several members believed that re-queening shouM be done not less than every other year, and that the queens should be started from the egg instead of from the larvae. It was suggested that better work would be done in all building, where all brood was taken away from the cell building colonies, but there was opposition to this, others believing that brood would help hold the heat. A warning was given not to try to raise too many cells in one colony at one time. Dr. B. N. Gates, of the Massachusetts Agricultural College, gave a very distinctive address. Dr. Gates mentioned the importance of bee inspection on both sides of the line. He stated that the differ- ent brood diseases are separate and non-related. To tighten wire in brood frames, he suggested springing the end bars in while the wires were being fastened and when the pressure is relaxed the wire will be about right. Dr. Gates explained an electrical wire embedder. Take a stick about an inch and a quarter square by the length of the frame to be wired. Drive 10-penny nails into this stick so that they are about five inches apart. Start in the center of the stick, driving each nail so it is a little shorter as you go towards the end of the stick. File a groove on the lower end of each nail lengthwise of the stock. A string laid in this groove and drawn tight would be in the shape of a bow. When the embedder is used the nail at one end is placed on the wire and with a rocking motion each nail is brought in contact with the wire, the current jumping from one point to another. Dr. Gates also advised using cartons for comb honey which protects the honey from dust and makes it less liable to granulate. He also explained his experiments with the Fuller Queen Candy. In shipping bees by the pound the express charges can be reduced by the use of this candy. The Association voted not to become a branch of the National. This report was sent in by the secretary, Mr. Irving Kinyon. Robber entrance bottom. They are going like i»ot cakes. THE IMPROVED SCHAMU PATENT ROLLER ENTRANCE HIVE BOTTOM The Schamu Im- proved Patent Roller Entrance gives the bee-keeper several ap- pliances in one. It is compact, simple, eifi- cient and inexpensive. It furnishes its own storage room, if the bee-keeper decides to remove one roller or another, so that there is never anything lost or get into the way in another part of the bee house. Here you have it all, complete bottom board, drone trap, feeder, ventilat- or, that saves lifting the hives when same are full of bees and honey. Shallow bottom for summer and a deep one for winter. The price is reasonable, being only a trifle more than the cost of a common alley drone trap, feeder, and ordinary bottom board. This invention affords comfort, profit and satisfac- tion, and one swarm saved when you are not with the bees, buys several bottom boards. When you consider that when the workers fly away, you not only lose your queen, but your honey crop as far as that hive is concerned. With the patent under your hives, if they do swarm out, they come back. All the bee-keeper loses is once in a while an old queen. At the end of the honey Row you have a fine crop of honey in your supers and lower chambers bubbling over with full grown bees and honey. Then introduce a young queen, say Aug. 1st, or when your honey crop is over, and your swarms will be ready for winter with plenty of stores young, vigorous queens and nearly all young bees. The three main essentials for wintering well. PRICE: $2.00 F. O. B., for Eight Frame Hive. Liverpool, N. Y. $2.50, F. O. B., for Ten Frame Hive. Liverpool, N. Y. Puyallup, Wash., Oct. 8th, 1912. Dear Dr.: I have just received the last Bottom Board you shipped me during our State fair, and will confess you have some- thing of value for the bee-keeper. I have found in my trials of the different feeders, that the bottom is the best place to feed from; am satisfied to say that your Bottom Board_ will do all that is claimed by its inventor and more. Yours truly, J. W. Ware, 5th St. N. W. Showing: space for dead bees in tyinter months, also space for feeding. Address all communications to Dr. Charles G. Schamu Liverpool, N. Y. Do Your Reading Now! Here is a List of the Books You Require. Send in Your Orders at Once. During the height of the busy season, when not only the bees, but everything else about the place clamors for attention, the bee-keeper hardly has time for more than the routine work necessary to keep things going, and often has to put aside the books, magazines, and other literature which he really wants to read. Now that these rush days are over, we are sure our bee-keeping friends can find time for some reading that will not only be of keen interest to them, but will give very material assistance for next season in handling the bees, producing the best and largest honey crop possible, and marketing the same to the best advantage. Below we give a partial list of the books we can furnish. Any one of these can be supplied promptly on receipt of order and we have others equally interesting and valuable. FIFTY YEARS AMONG THE BEES, by Dr. C. C. Miller. The writer is one of the most widely read on subjects pertaining to bee-keeping. The book is illustrated by photographs taken by the author and is substan- tially bound in cloth. Price $1 postpaid. ADVANCED BEE-CULTURE, by W. Z. Hutchinson. This is one of the most valuable books on bees ever published. Helpful and interesting for the beginner as well as the advanced bee-keeper. Price $1 postpaid. LANGSTROTH ON THE HONEY BEE. By C. P. Dadant. The present volume is termed the "Twentieth Century Edition" and contains a vast amount of information on practical bee culture. MANUAL OF THE APIARY. By A. J. Cook. Particularly valuable for one interested in the anatomy and physiology of the bee and for its chapter on honey plants or bee botany. Price $1.15 postpaid. DOOLITTLE'S QUEEN REARING. Practically the only comprehensive book on queen rearing now in print. $1 postpaid. HOW TO KEEP BEES. By Anna Botsford Comstock. A charm- ingly written book for amateurs, combining enthusiasm, literary ability, and a knowledge of bee-keeping in a book well worth reading. $1 postpaid. WAX CRAFT. By Thomas W. Cowan. No bee-keeper should be without a book on wax and this is the only one on the subject in English. Price $1 postpaid. THE ABC&XYZOF BEE-KEEPING. By A. I. & E. R. Root. As the title indicates, this book is designed to cover the needs of the ama- teur and the professional bee-keeper. It is a complete text book and gives full information on every question relating to bee culture. No bee-keeper large or small can afford to be without it. Price $1.50 postpaid. ■Right now is the time to order for your winter reading. You will find any one of the above books worth many times the price to you for the information they contain. The A. I. Root Company Medina, Ohio THE CHAS. F. MAY CO.. PniNTERS, O ETROIT, M ICH . Published Mont% MAR. 1913 "^ ▼" 'V DETROIT MICHIGAN ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR PROTECTION HIVES arc creat- ing a sen- sation in the Northern States from Maine to Cahiornia. Dead Air spaces or pack- ing as you prefer. New special circular showing six- teen large il- lustrations ex- plains all. Send For One. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. Learn Beekeeping tromtiie Beginning "First Lessons in Beekeeping," and the American Bee Journal, one year, Both for Only S1.00 "First Lessons in Beekeeping" is a 190-page book telling all that the beginner need know. ... It has an attractive paper cover, and many illustrations. "Doolittle's Scientific Queen-rearing," and the ^4 AA American Bee Journal, one year, Both for Only $ J.«vU Doolittle's "Scientific Queen-rearing" book contains 126 pageg, and is bound in leatherette with round corners. It tells in the clearest way possible just how the famous queen- breeder, Mr. G. M. Doolittle, rears the best of queen bees in perfect accord with Nature's way. As all know, Mr. Doolittle has spent some 40 years in rearing queens and pro- ducing honey. He has no superior as a queen-breeder. You can learn to rear fine queens by following his directions. The beginner will want "First Lessons;" the older beekeeper should have "Scientific Queen-rearing." You will not regret it if you send your $1.00 now and get either one of these books with the JOURNAL, as the JOURNAL itself is worth more than the total cost. AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL, HAMILTON, ILLINOIS (ESTABLISHED 1888) OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION AND ITS AFFILIATED ASSOCIATIONS v.. 1!. 'J"VKKELL, Managing Editor. OlVuc — .'/4 Hammond Bldg., Detroit, Michigav. Associate Editors: E. D. TOWNSENl), Nuitlistar, Midi. WESLEY EOSTEK, LoiilJer, Colo. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post oflfice at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Hawaiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.21. ULscoiitiuiiauccs — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a reijucst to that effect. Advertisiu;^' rsitcs <>u aiipIU'iitiuii. Office OF Publication - - - 214 Hammond Bldg. VOL. XXVI. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, MARCH 1, 1913 No. 3 Hymettus Honey From Greece. While at the Cincinnati convention 1 had the privilege of samp- ling some honey from Hymettus, a flower grown in Greece. This sample was owned by Rev. E. R. \\'agner, of Cincinnati, who pre- sided as temporary chairman at the convention. Sacbrood— Circular No. 169, Issued Jan. 15, 1913, by L. O. Howard, Bureau cf Entomology, Washington, D. C, Treats on Sac- brood, a New Disease Affecting Bees. Space will not permit more tlian a mention of this article, hut a note says that the circular will be followed by a bulletin from the Bureau, in which the disease will be treated more full v. We will notify vou when the bulletin is issued. The New York Pure Food Law. A subscriber writes me asking if the Xew York pure food law when it goes into effect June 1, ID 1:1, which demands everything to be sold net weight, will affect the sale of comb honev in sections. 82 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Will say that a letter received from Supt. JM-itz. Reichnian, of Albany, X. Y.. states that it will not. He says in part as fol- lows: \\hen Chapter 81 of the laws of 1!>12 goes into effect June 1, 1913, it will not be necessar}- to sell the individual comi)s bv weight. The matter has been taken care of by regulations form- ulated in accordance with the provisions of the above named sta- tute. The Poem in the November "Review" Used by Bee-Keepers in Advertising. The poem written by Oliver Foster, and printed in the Novem- ber Review, is being used to good advantage by some of our- sub- scribers in their advertising. This is a suggestion that could be well followed by a good many other subscribers, and I hope that at an}' time a subscriber sees anything in the Review which thev would like to use in their advertising that they do so. A. J. Diebold, of Seneca, Illinois, has used this poem in ad\er- tising in the Sciicca and Record Xrzvs, and T must thank him for gi\- ing the Review credit in the advertisment. Mr. H. C. Ahlers, of West Bend. Wisconsin, is also using the ]Joem in his advertising circulars. It seems to me that it should be a good poem to use in that way. New Foul Brood Bill for Michigan. Representative Stevens introduced into the House rif Reijre- sentatives at Lansing, February 11, House Bill Xo. 343, entitled a bill for the suppression of contagious diseases among bees in the State of Michigan by creating the office of Inspector of Apiaries to fulfill the duties thereof and to appropriate money therefor. The bill was read the first and second time by its title and referred to the Committee on .State Aft'airs. Michigan bee-keepers should get busy and send a letter to their representative for his support to this bill ; tell him the loss of bees in ^lichigan has been exceedingly heavy from this disease, and that the loss to the fruit growers is really greater than the loss to the bee-keepers. If you do not know who vonr representative is ask your local postmaster. Bee Culture and Moving Pictures. Moving pictures, or more accurately motion pictures, are being- used for abfuit every purpose, religious, educational, adxertising and entertainment. Land agents use them for adxertising purposes and THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 83 the International Har\ester Co. uses them for spreacHng the gospel of better farming- and so making- sale for its farm machinery. And the use of motion pictures for exhil)iting bee cultural methotls is practicable as far as mechanical difficulties go. Bees have come in for attention among the industries depicted. The motion picture people have illustrated about every industry from beginning to end, and about two years ago I saw a film run showing shook swarming. The manipulations were good and a finger followed the queen to point her out as she scampered across the comb. The finger was hardly necessar^^ as the pictures were so clear that a bee-keeper at any rate would see her at once. The cost of making a thousand-foot film, to run about twenty minutes, is about $],r)00, according to the Selig Polyscope Co., of Chicago, to wdiom T wrote concerning this matter about two years ago. T investigated cfuite thoroughly at that time and found that an hour run of films (three) would cost in the neighborhood of $5,000. The price mav l)e less now. It is possible that the Polyscope people would be willing to enter into an agreement to take several films, the National furnish- ing the actors and ec|uii)ment. and the film manufacturers taking the films for their own use, Init gixing the National the use of them for conventions, institutes, etc. It will not do any harm to see what can be done along this line. The city of Boulder has been asked to pay Si, 000 for the making of a film picturing the town, said picture to be shown in the east. I tloubt whether the proposition is accepted, but it shows that the film jjeople try to get others to pay the expense of the making of their films, which they lease out at big prices to the local show houses all over the countrv. — W. F. Each Affiliated Association Allowed to Fix Their Own Annual Dues. It Was So Ordained by the Delegates at Cincinnati. Each Affiliated Association of the National is allowed to fix its own annual dues, not one cent of the fee beini^ sent to tlie Na- tional headquarters. Isn't that very easy to understand? MORE! Isn't it a most liberal polic}- toward the aftiliated Association ! NEVER before, in the history of the National Association w^ere members received for absolute!}- nothing going into the treasury of the home office. Just the one small local fee, just sufficient for local needs. Did you notice that word "affiliated" used above? The dele- gates at Cincinnati say we shall be known as an "Affiliated Associ- ation" instead of Branch associations as in the past. It is hoped 84 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW that \vitli this family name \vc will feel like one large Association, but holding meeting in different localities. It is hoped the writer will be in a position to tell how a con- siderable extra revenue will be raised for the support ot the main office by the time the April Review goes to press. — Towxsend. Important to Bee-Keepers. If the press clipping below is correct, bee men will have to use care in determining the kind of sugar they feed their bees. ]\Ir. M. A. Gill, of Longmont, Col., has fed a good many thousands of pounds of beet sugar with good results. And many others have had a like experience. It would be well to know whether the methods of manufacturing sugar are the same in all the beet sugar factories. Also it would aid in deciding" this question if we knew whether it was fall feeding or spring- feeding that Prof, Sanders did. We should like very much to know the kind and extent of the experiments of Prof. Sanders. Professor finds Beet Sugar is Fatal to Bees. Honey Makers Will Die if Fed Sweet. Madisox, Wis., January 22. — That beet sugar is fatal to bees and cane sugar is not is the conclusion of Prof. J. G. Sanders of the Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, who next semester will have charge of a new bee-keepers' course at that insti- tution. Of the forty per cent of the bees of the state wliich died last year a large per cent were starved, he says. He believes that bees can live on cane sugar but die at once if fed on beet sugar. Tlie danger lo bees in beet sugar, he says, arises from some chemical con- stituent that makes it deleterious. He said the time is coming when an investigation will be made and intimated that he would not be surprised if beet sugar were found to be harmful to human beings. He said that people had paid too much attention to the growing of cattle and hogs and their diseases, and liave not taken up the problem of food products in their effect on human I^eings. Regulations of Parcel Post. In looking over the parcel post regulations, some things are noted that are of interest to the honey producer. One thing is that distinctive parcel post stamps are required on all packages mailed in this class, including samj')les of honey. I copy a few of the regulations : Section 11. "Parcels must be prepared for mailing in such a manner that contents can be easily examined.'' 2. "Parcels must not he accepted for mailing tmless they bear the name and address of the sender, preceded bv the word 'From.'" THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW • 85 Section 15. Relates to size of package admissible. 2. "The law prescribes that a package to be admitted to the parcel post shall not exceed seventy-two inches in combined length and girth. 'Tn measuring the length, the greatest distance in a straight line between the two ends of the parcel shall be taken, while the girth is the actual measurement by a tape encircling the parcel at its thickest part." Section 2'?. — "Admissible liquids," which would include honey. 2. "AA'hen in glass bottles, the quantity must not exceed twelve ounces, liquid measure. The bottle must be very strong and must be enclosed in a block or tube of metal, wood, papier-mache or similar material ; and there must be provided between the bottle and the block or tube a cushion of cotton, felt, or other absorbent. The block or tube, if of wood, must be at least three-sixteenths of an inch thick in its thinnest part; if papier mache or similar material, it must be at least five thirty-seconds of an inch thick for bottles holding more than two ounces. The block or tul)e must be rendered water-tight by an application of parafine or other suitable substance.'^ It will be noticed that this rule applies to bottles holding more than two ounces, and there is no change in the regulations regard- ing the half-ounce sample mailing bottles we are using for mailing samples of honey. 3. 'AMien in a metal container, the weight of the parcel must not exceed eleven pounds. The container must be hermetically sealed and enclosed in a strong box, and securely wrapped." I do not see anything ^•ery fa\-orable in the regulations relative to sending bees by the pound through parcel post. Have been weighing some honey and find that a tweh^e-ounce bottle, liquid measure, will hold from sixteen to eighteen ounces of honey, according to its density. As sample bottles are sold by liquid measure, and as honey weighs a little less than one and a half times that of liquids, one can easily figure out the size of sample mailing bottle to order for a given amount of honey. I have before me a gallon syrup can with screw ca]). It is exactly the same as the regular five-gallon can used for shipping honey in the wholesale way. This gallon can weighs empty lo ounces, and holds 11^ pounds of honey of fair consistency. I do not knoiv but would think that a corrugated paper package to con- tain it while in transit would weigh about a pound. For an eleven- pound package of extracted honey to go by parcel post, I would think that a syrup can of the above description, but holding one- sixth less honey (the size of the 10-pound friction top pail), would be a desirable size. 86 • THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW The coniljined Aveight of this last-mentioned can and the cor- rugated paper to wrap it ought not be more than two pounds, leav- ing room for nine pounds of honey, making the maximum of 11- pound weight acceptable. The postage on this eleven-pound package would be as follows : Local, to be delivered from the office where mailed, either by city or rural carriers, 15 cents ; for first 50 miles, 35 cents ; 150 miles, -Ifi cents; 300 miles, 5y cents; 600 miles, GS cents; 1,000 miles, T9 cents; 1,400 miles, $1.00; l.SOO miles or over. $1.32. If the producer were to ofifer these 9-pound net cans of extracted honey for sale to go by parcel post direct to the cousiiiiicr, at $1.50 per can, plus the postage, he would realize 15 cents a pound for his honey, and hare left 15 cents toward paying for the can and wrapper, which it would likely pay for entire. The consumer could send a thousand miles and pay the postage rate of TO cents and then get his honey at 25^^ cents a pound — about what it would cost them in pound glass jars of their grocer. There is an unlimited field along this line open to the producer at the present time, for, when one once gets a trade worked up along this line, it Avould not be long before large (club") orders would begin to come for freight shipments in these same family cans. AA'ake up ! brother. — Townsend. A Suggestion for a Honey House. PREFERS FACTORY-MADE HI VES.— PROPERLY SEASONED LUMBER FOR HIVE MAKING HARD TO GET. By L. C. WHEELER, Barryton, Michigan. '^^^ HE enclosed pen draAvings represent my honey house as it ^J stands today. I am not sending it to you because I think it is an ideal honey house by any means, but considering the surroundings it suits me very well. The surface of the ground around the house and bee-yard is perfectly flat and level, so there is no chance to build on two levels, or I should have built it that way. As it is I have tried to have things as handy as possible with everything on one level. Drawing Xo. 1 represents the house as it appears from the side next to our dwelling house. No. 2 shows the ground floor plan, and the upper floor is just one solid room the size of the whole building, or 16 by 30 feet. The work-shop is on the right as you look at the building, and here is where I make lots of those little things I can make just as well as to buv. I used to make my own hives and all, but have decided that it did not pay. I do like hives that are absolutely perfect, and while this is possible with the machine I have, it is THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 87 impracticalile, not l^ecause the machine will not do it but because it is so hard to get lumber which is seasoned as it should be to keep it from shrinking- after making it up. I do make ni}^ own bottom boards mostlv, as I can make one I like l)etter than the factory-made at half the cust. Honey House of Leon C. Wheeler. ( Fioiii a pen dia7viiig by Mr. Jl'heelt'r.) D-ce .^ a,^ ^ -i-iSk. , ,< 2i-i_ Ground Floor Plan of Leon C, VS'tieeler's Honey House. (From a pen drawing by Mr. Il'/ieeiei .) The work-shop is lined with shelves where I keep the various odds and ends which accumulate in the work-shop. The upper floor is used for a store room and T find it is none too large. In fact. 88 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW sometimes I find it pretty hard to get everything packed away in it. The honey house at the out yard is not designed to hold much when in use, although I do fill it up in the fall and leave it that way till I am ready to use it again in the spring. Comb Honey, Extracted Honey and the Masses. SOMETHING MORE ON THE GRADING QUESTION— FACING CONDEMNED —GRADING SAMPLES USED— BURNETT AND MUTH CHAL- LENGED—WOULD NOT PRODUCE COMB HONEY. By S. A. NIVER. [What one individual bee-keeper should produce and what the fraternitj- as a whole should produce to obtain the greatest profit, may not be the same thing. It is doubtless true that what trade cultivation is done should be largely he en- couragement of extracted honey consumption. The facts of the case, however, are that there is a great underproduction of a white article of comb honey. Comb honey is more readily marketable in large amounts than is extracted. Our ex- tracted trade must be extended if possible; our comb hojiey trade must be sup- plied. So there you are, Brother Niver. What you say about number two honey selling more readily than fancy is true in quite a good many markets. The trade of the country is not all for Fancy and Number One, though these are far more in demand for large orders. Your fancy grade in the tall section does not look any better than the Number One. Perhaps the difference is in the weight. I would not favor calling yooir fancy by that name — those unsealed cells should not be found in a section of the best grade. — M. F.] *^*2V LLOA\' me to chip in on the grading by picture question. y^^^\ The April, 1913, Review starts out in good style to thresh out that much needed subject for settlement, "discussin' or cussin' " and if you will go back to the August, 1904, Review^ you can find my report of experiments — or rather actual business done that way for a series of years. Putting each grade by itself, and selling by count, instead of weight, proved very popular with the re- tailer. The old way of ''facing" with fancy, and packing the culls at the back of the crate, disgusted the grocer with the whole business, as could be expected, but giving him a choice to fit his trade, and guaranteeing every section to be as good or better than the sample shown — not to average as good — but to average half-way to the next higher grade, placed him in a position to know exactly how to price each grade for retailing. ''Take your choice for "' The consumer paid the same price per ounce of honey in every grade, and. mark this down, the No. 2 sold out first every time. And one producer in our honey company insisted on making his sections very heavy, not being satisfied unless they ran '2o or ?'G poimds to .24 sections. Those "stufifed prophets," as I called them, were so hard to dispose of on my regular route, that I resorted to the plan of taking them alone into another town situated in another state, where I did not show my other samples. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 89 I enclose photographs of my grading- samples, and you will observe, mv "fancy" is not as good as yours, but the No. 2 is better. I carried these sections as samples to sell by. The tall sections were 3->4 X 4^4 X 15-2, and the "fancy'' weighed 13 ounces when as well filled as the one in the photo. I wish to say to J\Ir. Burnett that when he finds a section of honev with no imperfection in it, I will send him a hen's tooth to mark it with, and if Fred IMuth ever raises any section honey, and gets wise to the business, he will not try to produce fancy honey in that kind of section — or any other kind. There is more money in raising No. 2. Oh! of course I hear that roar from the experts, the authorities, who harp on one string: "Get better honey, and sell Fancy No. 1 Niver's Grading Samples. No. 2 higher than your neighbor." but to get that fanc}' grade means in actual practice, to crowd your l)ees until they "loaf" or swarm, and you must yank ofif a section quick, when capped, or it will get trav- eled over and stained, which reduces it to No. 1. no matter how well filled and finished otherwise. No, sir! I will not strive for "fancy, but pile on the supers, get a big lot of lightweights, and get more money per swarm, with less work. The next point is, I would not produce comb honey at all. \\'hy? Because the majority c)f the people cannot aliord to l)uy it as food, 90 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW but onlv as a luxury, to l)e indulged in occasionally. Rich pci)j)le seldom buv it. In the territory where I sold extracted honey for ten years, by house to house canvassinti", there were hundreds of lani- ilies that consumed 24: lbs. or more of extracted honey, but I never found but one family that had 24 lbs. of comb honey in the house at one time. Of course people bought a section at a time from the grocer, but said grocer, in the fashionable end of a very aristocratic college town, only sold two cases of section honey in a season, while I distributed two tons of extracted honey in less than a month. But — that was when I bought fine clover and basswood honey for TJ/^c, and sold it at I'^jAc. When the honey advanced to iDc, and I attempted to retail at 15c, it was a case of quit or walk home, especially when wages were cut 20 per cent. So I abandoned the fine trade acquaintance that had taken years of time and hard work to establish, joined a couple of friends to form The Piney Creek Honey Co., of ^Monterey Co., California, and enjoy rustling bees again as of old. To increase the coiisinnptioii of Jioucy as a food, cut out the comb honey production and devote the time and talents to producing and distributing i^ood, ripe, clean, extracted honey at a reasonable price. Handling Eleven Apiaries in Three Counties in the Production of Bulk Comb Honey. PRODUCES BULK COMB HONEY.— INSPECTS EACH COLONY EVERY TEN DAYS.— SPLITTING THE BROOD-NEST.— STARTING INCREASE. By H. D. MURRAY, Mathis, Texas. (Inspecting every colony in eleven apiaries every ten days would look like a big- job to most of us if we had never had any experience along that line, Init I will say the job is not so big as it looks. For one season I worked with a comb honey producer who personally inspected each one of his colonies, between three and four hundred, each week, and this man went so far as to go over every frame in each hive wdierever there were indications of swarming. While I have never tried or seen tried the plan outlined below by Mr. Murray, yet I can sec no reason why it should not be practical in a warm climate, but I should hesitate to split brood-nests very early in the spring in our northern climate. It seems to me there would be too much chance for chilled brood in those outside comlis. The best argument in favor of the plan, however, is the success that the man is meeting with in using that plan, and if Mr. Murray is handling eleven apiaries under the plan, there certainly must be a merit in the same.) '^^S^ X com])liance with your request for something al)out how I /]l manage ele\-en apiaries in three counties, I will do my best at trying to explain. As I do all my work myself, I have to l)egin in the latter part of the winter jnitting foundations in the shallow frames we use in the production of bulk comb honey. I try to get this all done by THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 91 the liith of IMarch. By this time our ]:iees should be g-etting plenty of nectar for Ijrood-rearing" and operations with the bees must begin. I try to see every colony once in every ten days and split the brood-nest open in the middle, reversing the combe: so that the coml)s containing the most brood will be on the outside of the l)ro()d-ncst and those with tlie least brood in the center. This re- tards swarming and causes the bees to build up faster, I think. This part of my system I learned of Air. Stachelhausen. who used to live near San Antonio. I think 3,Ir. Doolittle also used to jDractice it. AA'ell, I get over the bees as fast as I can. re\'ersing brood this way till the hives are full of brood from side to side, helping any weak ones by the addition of brood from those that can spare it, so that when our honey flow begins the first of April I want the hives fairly boiling over with bees and the brood-chamber all occupied with brood except the outside frames, and they should be full of honey, pollen and maybe some brood. Then I put on the supers, having a frame of drawn coml) at each side, if I have it, and the rest of the frames filled with full sheets of foundation. I put one super on each colony this first round and after that I add supers as they are needed. Sometimes I add the super above the one already on, lifting tip two drawn comi:)s from below, which I place at the sides, and sometimes I lift the first super and put the second under it. This will depend on the strength of the colony and the stage of the honey flow. If it is near the end of the flow, or I am in doubt about the colony's filling two supers, I put it on top. If it becomes necessary to add a third super, it is placed between those already on. I continue to go over the bees every ten days, if possible, and reverse the brood-nest and when I find a colony making preparations to swarm, I take the queen away and twenty-four hours later I introduce a ripe queen cell. Now, this is the main point in the Avhole system. The queen must be removed and when the queen- cell is introduced it is about ten days before there is any more egg- laying in that hive, and tliat interruption of the egg-laying destroys an}- inclination the bees may have had to swarm and they will make no further preparations to swarm during that honey flow in this locality. As to whether it will work elsewhere — well, you can try and see. If I want increase, I take two frames of brood and adhering bees with the queen and start a nucleus. Later I build up the nucleus so started by drawing two frames of sealed brood from colonies that are threatening to swarm and adding them to these nuclei, generally giving one frame to each nucleus, in the middle of their brood-nest. When I take the two combs of brood from a colony I supply them with two frames of coml) or full sheets of 92 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW foundation, placing them near the center with two combs of brood between them. A\"hen queens or combs are removed, all queen-cells must be destroyed. Removing tw^o combs of sealed brood will just as effectually retard swarming as the famous Jones plan of shaving oft' the heads of the brood. I continue to work along this line till the end of the April flow, Avhen I round up a bunch of hands and gather the honey. AMiile the crew^ is at a yard gathering the honey I have them fill the empty supers with full sheets of fottndation and return them to the hives for the June flow. When we get over gathering the hone}' I lay off the hands till I need them to help gather the June crop in July. The plan outlined here refers to hives with L. frames. 1 am experimenting with the divisible brood-chamber, wdiich consists of two supers. In reversing the brood with that stjde of hive, all that is necessary is to lift both supers off the bottom-board, set the top one back on the stand and put the other on top. I am unable to say yet whether that is better or not as I am always fearful of overlooking queen-cells if I do not go over each frame carefully. I shall have to give it further experiment before I adopt it. Upon reading over what I have written, I- wish to add that when the queen is removed the ripe queen-cell may be introduced at once by placing it in a cell protector. Otherwise the bees are liable to destroy it if introduced in less than twent3^-four hours. While I invented this system myself, I must give credit to Mr. G. M. Doolittle, Dr. C. C. Miller and 'Mv. Stachelhausen for ideas that led up to the plan. Have We Not Been Breeding Too Much for Color and Too Little for Honey? ADDING STRIPES TO THE ITALIAN BEE— BEAUTIFUL BEES NOT ALWAYS GOOD PRODUCERS— AN EXPERIENCE IN 1877— "HEN, LET'S SHAKE HANDS." By H, L. JEFFREY, Woodbury, Connecticut. [This is the second of the series of articles by Mr. Jeffrej- on the breeding question.] '^^\ S Dr. Bonney writes, "there has been no improvement in the -^A^ honey bee." \\>11, that's true as a whole, but first let's see what can the doctor mean by improvement? ]\Iany people will assert that to change in some way the loca- tion, the looks, the color, the size, the shape or the quality, is an improvement. Someone has somewhere or time said, we or they have added one or two more stripes to the Italian bee. Is it to the Italian bee, or is it to a conglomerated hybrid of very doubtful or- igin? To improve, the thing should be made better. I have been watching the bees a large part of the time since 1868, and a little for vears before that, in the days of the old box , THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 93 hive, with or without a box chamber, the old hollow log, the straw and willow work hive, and the old subtended and dividing hives, the super and Madair hives, and even the old cupl^oard hives made by Olmstead, way back in 1832 to 1842. These hives were a tier of four or five square rims four to five inches deep, slats top and bot- tom and all in a cupboard case with slanting bottom board. The Bevan, the subtended hive, the lateral dividing hives, the super- Nadair hives and system were fully described in a book published by Saxton & Company, Chicago, Illinois, way back in 1853, titled "The Bee-Keepers' Guide," and was sold here in Connecticut for 50 cents. Being familiar Avith all those waA'-back and antique aftairs, I have often laughed over some very recent or up-to-date improvements that were, principle and application, in use before I was born. Xow^ brother bee-keeper, where are your improvements? And what are your improvements? The adding of one or two more stripes to the Italian (mongrel) bee has improved them very much in weakness, that is, it has in- tensified their propensity to weakness and ability to die out easily and fast. Well, perhaps I don't know anything about it. But I do- know where there are a whole lot of bee-keepers that are bee-keep- ers no more, that they stocked their hives with the Golden Yellow Beauties, and they were beautifully yellow — to honestly tell the whole-honest-exact truth, there is nothing to be found in the apiary more beautiful than a hive of those semi-transparent yellow bees, taking their flying play spell in the clear bright sunshine between 11 and 2 p. m. Beautiful to look at. I have been there myself. I have stood for a full half hour to admire the beauty of the appear- ance of the moving gold colored lively mass. But I have never seen any of them with supers on five or six tiers high as I have seen with the old staples, Andrew & Vaughn, of Columbia, Tenn., leather- colored stock of 1879, or the J. E. Oatman leather-colored stock of 1882 to 1886, and are the added yellow bands more than an improve- ment as an eye catcher? Let's see about it. In 1ST7 I. in the last of the summer, had an order in — I think, the last of September — for a dozen queens (here's another accidental eye-opener). At one of my clusters of bee-hives I had fourteen hives, thirteen contained young queens, the other had a queen of the year before raised very early in the season. She was dark and not an extra large one, her first season showed up good, the second sea- son she was the banner of the country around, gentleness, honey crop and in every way. A few days before the order came I had put a number of nucleus together to make the weak stocks strong, and the bees I had collected together giving them a good shaking up, put them into a hive with a comb with larvae in from the old queen. Looking in I found 1-4 nice large cells, so I shipped off the thirteen queens to the customer. In that way I saved all of the cells (Contimted on page g8.) 94 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 95 BEGINNERS DEPARTMENT IVhat To ©o Each Month This Department ivill be a perniaiieiit feature for the year 1913. Whether it is continued after that, or not, will depend upon how it is received by the subscribers. This paper is being published for your interest, and it is our desire to give you ivJiat you want. If this Department is not wanted it will not be continued. MARCH— Northern States. Jksse II. R.()DERTS, Watseka, Il[.. March is one of the most trying" and severe months of the year in this latitude. The alternate sunshine and clouds together with the cold winds destroy thousands of bees by alluring them out of the hives, and the}^ then become so chilled that they are unable to return. This is one of the main causes of spring dwindling which is so much feared by the northern bee men. It is almost impossible to prevent the bees from leaving the hive, when the sun is warm, even though the air is cold. There are, howe\'er, some fine days in March, and these should be utilized to their full extent. Feed your bees rye meal by placing it in shallow boxes in a sunny spot near the apiary. They soon find it and carry in large quantities for their young brood. To start them to work on it, put a drop of oil of annise on it, and have the meal ground fine and unbolted. When the natural pollen comes, then stop the meal. I'hey should also be fed a thin sugar syrup to stimulate to breed strongly. The best feeder is the Alexander or the Entrance feeder. Feed regular when the weather is warm for the bees to carry it into the hives. See that the hives are cleaned out and all dead bees removed. Also contract weak swarms by inserting a division board thus mak- ing the brood chamber warmer, for the warmer they are the stronger thev will breed. MARCH — Southwestern States. By Henry C. Barrox, Hagerman, X. M. \Mth perhaps a day or two of exception the southwestern states will have bid the winter good-bye and have Avelcomed the ever re- turning beautiful spring. The bee-keeper should now examine each and every colony. If there are several found that are very weak in hees, two or more should be united as the case may be, alwavs saving the loest queen. 96 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Those colonies that are short of stores must be fed, while others will be found to have more than will be consumed ; so it is best at this time to equalize the stores of the entire yard — that is, take combs or frames of honey from those that are over-supplied and give to the ones short. Usually this will be sufficient; however, some seasons it will be found necessary to feed nearly or all of the colonies, in which case we consider the best way to feed outside of the hives — say one-eighth of a mile from the yard. Use granulated cane sugar, one part to four parts of water; feed in shallow pans, using sticks. Put cork tips or excelsior in the syrup to prevent the bees from drowning. This also acts as a stimulative feed, inducing brood rearing, thus building up the colony. In fact we use a stimulative feed at this season however strong the colony in stores and bees. It is also well to feed some wheat shorts, flour, corn meal or cotton seed meal, especially if poHen was short the fall before. The last half to quarter of month will find wild flowers in bloom, also orchards of peach and some varieties of plum trees. MARCH— New England and Eastern United States. By Burton N. Gates. Assistant Professor of Bcc-Kccping, MassacJuisclts ^-Igriciilfiiral College, Amherst, Mass. ^March is perhaps the most critical month in the year for the bee-keeper. If his colonies have wintered, they may die yet. Future success depends on adequate manipulation. This year with the ser- iously mild weather, particular attention must be paid to stores. With the beginning of brood rearing, the summer season com- mences. The colony increases its consumption of stores. Pollen is necessary. A lack of honey may mean a serious setback to the col- ony or even its death. Feed to stimulate. If you think of increasing your aj^iary, make your plans now. If 3'ou would change the site of your yard, spring is the admirable season. Be cautious not to spread brood too early. Unless you are sure there is no disease in your yard, it will not pay to transfer combs promiscuousl}^ Many have been the catastrophies in J\Iay and June from this manipulation. Remember one secret of honey getting, as well as protection from diseases, is the maintaining of prolific, large colonies. Begin now. Look for your queens; if any are lost supply new ones or unite colonies, with discretion. THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 97 Do not remove outward protection too soon. It is quite, if not more important, to keep the colony as warm in the spring as in winter. Remember no hive in w'hich bees have died should remain on its stand a minute after it is discovered. Remove it beyond the reach of bees. With this in mind, examine each hive the iirst time bees fly. Prevent robbing. About the fifteenth of March to the first of April, bees may usually be set out from the cellar in this latitude. A good guide is the free blooming of the maples. MARCH — Southern States. By J. J. VVILDER. ]\lr. Beginner, if you gave your apiary a good working as we instructed last month (and we hope you did) there has been much progress made, and now another step can be made for greater re- sults. The first warm sunny day you have when the bees are working well, look over the apiary again, examining the combs in every hive and see what has been done since your last round. \\'ell, you are delighted, I know, for the colonies are so much stronger and there is so much more brood in the combs, and you haven't lost any col- onies, etc. Now be fair with me. Is it not far better to work bees in mod- ern hives by modern methods? You know the condition of each colony of bees and with a little instruction you will know how to proceed with them and harvest great crops of honey. Is this not much better than the old style hives and the let-a-lone uncertain way of keeping bees? Now I know you are encouraged and feel good over your new business. Clean out around the hives and the apiary and straighten the hives up nicely on their stands and make things look neat. The bees have quieted down some since they were looked over, and we must do a little more work before we leave them for 30 days more. Alaybe there were two or three colonies which were a little behind in the amount of brood they had increased. They had been given a frame of honey on the first round, for it was found then that ihey had run short of stores. Now they have considerable comb in their hives that have neither honey or young bees in it, and the comb of honey we give them sets in the hive and not much of it has been consumed, and if it has we had better give them another comb with some honey in it from one of our heaviest colonies, and by the way nearly every comb in the strong heavy colony is full of sealed brood except a rim of honey about the top and end bars. 98 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Well, one of these from each of the strongest colonies for each of the weaker ones is just what they need, and we will put in the place of these an empty comb from the weaker ones. The queens in the stronger colonies need more room anywa}' and they will occupy the empty combs in two or three days, and they will be fine combs on our next round. During the time the bees Avill emerge from the combs, we gave the weak colonies and will greatly strengthen them, and their queen will have another ideal frame in her nest (for it must be inserted there or the brood may become chilled and part of it die). But some bee-keepers will say the honey flow is on Avith us now, or will be before 30 days, for ni}- first great honey plants are beginning to bloom or will be soon, ^^'ell you had better give one super to each of the strongest colonies or do so as soon as the honey plants bloom out some. If you do not know the honey plants in your section, you do know al)Out what time bees usually swarm in A^our section, and set the supers on al^out two weeks before that time. Have We Not Been Breeding Too Much for Color and Too Little for Honey? (Co7i tin lied f}o»i page 9?) and got fourteen as good queens as I wanted to see, only they were quite dark colored. I raised queens from this queen twice, and they were good mahogany color with black tip. There were no drones that I knew of for miles around, so they mated pure and wintered all right. The next spring I had a large crop of drones and plenty of work- ers in the hives of these young queens, with a few very late orders left from the fall before, I started in queen raising early, with cells from the brood of that old queen. These young queens had to mate with the drones from their sisters (in-breeding, that awful wicked thing to do) and these young queens were sent ofif. I kept raising from the old queen and had thousands of drones from these late fall queens ; towards the last of ]\Iay I succeeded in having enough cells so I saved a few for myself, and I noticed the}^ Avere filling up their hiA^es better than the other bees any Avhere else had done. I also had a call for queens the last of the season by a person that "did not Avant any young half groAvn things that were not old enough to wean." To this customer I sent part of those year-old queens. (There Avere persons in those days Avith peculiar notions about bees). (Concluded in April number) THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 99 NATIONAL GRADING RULES Adot'tcd at Cincinuali, Feb. JS, 1913- Sections of comb honey are to be graded: First, as to finish; second, as to color of honey; and third, as to weight. The sections of honey in any given case are to be so nearly alike in these three respects that any section shall be representative of the contents of the case. I. FIMSH: 1. Extra Fancy — Sections to be evenly fdled, comb firmly attached to the four sides, the sections to be free from propolis or other pronounced stain, combs and cappings white, and not more than six unsealed cells on either side. 2. Faticy — Sections to be evenly filled, comb firmly attached to the four sides, the sections free from propolis or other pronounced stain, comb and cai)pings white to more than six unsealed cells on either side exclusive of the outside row. 3. A'c7. / — Sections to be evenly filled, comb firmly attached to the four sides, the sections free from propolis or other pronounced stain, comb and cappings white to slightly oft' color, and not more than 40 unsealed cells, exclusive of the outside row. 4. Standard — Comb not projecting beyond the box, attached to the sides, not less than two-thirds of the way around and not tnore than 00 unsealed cells exclusive of the row adjacent to the box. II. COLOR: On the basis of color of the honey, comb honey is to be classified as: first, white; second, light amber; third, amber; and fourth, dark. III. WEIGHT: 1. Heavy — No section designated as heavy to weigh less than fourteen ounces. 2. Medium — No section designated as medium to weigh less than twelve ounces. 'A. Light — No section designated as light to weigh less than ten ounces. In describing honey, three words or sytnbols are to be used, the first being descrip- tive of the finish, the second of color and the third of weight. -\s for example: Fancy, white, heavy (F-\V-H) ; No. 1, Amber, medium (1-A-M), etc. In this way any of the possible combinations of finish, color and weight can be briefly described. CI Lli HOXEY Cull honey shall consist of the following: Honey packed in soiled second-hand cases or that in badly stained or proi)oli2ed sections; sections containing pollen, honey, dew- honey, honey showing signs of granulation, poorly ripened, sour or "weeping" honey; sections -with comb projecting beyond the box or well attached to the box less than two- thirds the distance around its inner surface; sections with more than 60 unsealed cells, exclusive of the row adjacent to the box; leaking, injured, or patched up sections; sec- tions weighing less than ten ounces. Boston — Fancy white comb honey, 16c to 17c. No. 1 white comb honey, 15c to 16c. Fancy white extracted honey, 10c to lie. Light am- ber extracted honey, 9c to 10c. Amber, 8c to Oc. Wax, 30c. BLAKE-LEE CO., Tan. 20. 4 Chatani Row. CINCINNATI— The market for honey has livened up considerable and we are selling fancy double decker comb honey at $3.75 to $4.00 a case; fancy extracted honey in 60-lb. cans at 9c to 10c a lb., and amber extracted honey in barrels at from (iVz to Sc a lb , according to the quantity and (juality pur- chased For choice bright yellow beeswax we are paying 30c lb. delivered here, or if taken over in trade we allow 32c. THE FRED W. :MUTH CO., ^^ "The J'usv Bee Men," Feb. 20. 204 Walnut St. NEW YORK CITY— The market is practi- cally bare of comb honey of all grades; some few small odd lots are coming in as yet and find ready sale at from 14c to 16c for white, and lie to 13c per pound for dark and am- ber, according to quality and style of pack- age. The market for extracted honey has been very quiet during the past two months and we do not see any indications for a bet- ter demand, as the supply is more than ample to meet the demand California light amber sage, which was reported to be of very short crop in the beginning of the season, was held at high figures and now it is being offered finite freely with no buyers. West Indian is arriving very freely with very little demand and prices are declining right along the line. We quote California sage light amber at 7^60 to 8c per pound; California alfalfa at 6c to 6^c per pound, and West Indian at 73c to 75c per gallon. Feb. 19. IIILDRETH & SEGELKEN. CINCINNATI— The demand for comb and extracted honey is light with a good supply. No. 1 white comb honey sells in large lots at $3.60 per case of 24 s 'ions, there is no de- mand for oft' grades. White extracted honey in 60 pound cans is selling from 9^4 to 10c, light amber in barrels 7 to 7Hc, in 60 pound cans 8 to 8J'2C. Beeswax fair demand, sells at $33.00 per hundred. The above are our bell- ing prices not what we are payini? Feb. 22. C. H. W. WECEIJ. & CO. KANSAS CITY, MO.— The supply of both comb and extracted honey is large; the de- mand fair. We look for a better movement from now on We quote as follows: No. 1 white comb, 24-section cases, $3.10 to $3.25; 109 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Anli Mb AflSUateJi AHfiortatinufi Ofacers. Directors, Dr. Burton N. Gates, President E. D. Townsend, Chairman Remus, Mich. T^„ ifVi •••••• ••••'^iihe'-st, Mass. j j^j Buchanan Franklin, Tenn. Dr. H. a. Surface, Vice-Pres. .Harrisburg, Pa. ,,, „ %, ,j 7^, E. B. Tyrrell, Secretary Detroit, Mich. Lesley Foster Boulder, Colo. 214 Hammond Bldg. 1' • B. Cavanagii Hebron, Ind. C. P. Dadaxt, Treas Hamilton, 111. Prof. Wilmon Newell. .College Station, Tex. Affiliated Associations and Their Secretaries. Arizona Honey Exchange New Jersey — E. G. Carr New Egypt, N. J. G. M. Frizzell, Tempe, Ariz. N. Californl\ — Alwin P. Hein Adirondack — H. E. Gray.. Fort Edwards, N.Y. Box 16, Fair Oaks, Calif. Colorado — Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. N. Michigan — Ira D. Bartlett Chicago-Northwestern — L. C. Dadant.... East Jordan, Mich. Hamilton, 111. Ohio— Prof. N. E. Shaw, Dept. of Agr Hampshire — Hampden — Franklin — Dr. Columbus, Ohio Burton N. Gates Amherst, Mass. Oregon— H. Wilson Corvalis, Ore. Idaho— R. D. Bradshaw Notus, Ida. Pecos Valley— Henry C. Barron Iwi.v Falls — C. H. Stinson. .Twin Falls, Ida. Hagerman New Mexico Idaho IIonev Producers' Assn— Frank Pennsylvania— H. C. Klinger, Liverpool, 'Pa. Beach Salem, Idaho rr t ■»* n i V- . i- i- Illinois— Tas. A. Stone.. . Rt. 4, Springfield. 111. T,^^''=^^=^— ^ ^'^V ^,V''''^"?."' franklin, Tenn. Iowa— 5. W. Snvder Center Point, lowa I exas— W illis C. Collier, Box 1.54....... Indiana— Geo. W'. Williams, Redkey, Ind. ,, •'••■"A ..Goliad, fexa* Kansas— O. A Keen Topeka Kans Vermont— P. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. Missouri— J. F. Diemer Liberty, Mo. Washington— J. B. Ramage Michigan— O. H. Schmidt I^t. 2, N. Yakima, Wash. Rt. 5, Bay City, Mich. Wisconsin — Gus Dittmer Augusta, Wis. Minnesota — Dr. L. D. Lponard Worcester County — J. S. Whittemore. . . . _ . .515 Syndicate Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. Leicester, Mass. Bee-Keepers' Day at Massachusetts Agricultural College, March 20. The Hampshire. Hampden and Franklin IJee-Keepers' Associa- tion will meet with the farmers for a joint session on the above date. An interesting program has been arranged, which was received at this ofihce too late for iis to have available space to g'ne it in full. A\'e can assure those who attend hov/ever, of an excellent program. Meeting of the Northern Michigan Bee-Keepers' Association. This Association will hold its annual convention at Traverse City, Michigan, Wednesday and Thursday, March 19th and 20th; headquarters and meeting place will be at the Hotel Whiting; special hotel rates to those attending. A good program will be prepared, and we hope to see a good attendance of Michigan bee-keepers. Ira D. Bartlett, Secretary. Kansas State Association Becomes AfBliated with the National. Notice has been sent me that the Kansas State Association at its meeting February 4 and 5, voted to become affiliated with the National. This action should strengthen both the Kansas Associa- tion and the National. From the report sent in it seems that they THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 101 No. 2 white comb, 24-section cases, $3.00; No. 1 amber comb, 21-section cases, $3 00; No. 2 amber comb, 2i-section cases, $2.50 to $2.75; extracted white, per pound, 8c to SJ^c; extracted amber, per pound, 7c to 75^c. Bees- wax, per pound, 22c to 2-5c. C. C. CLEMONS PRODUCE CO. Feb. 24 Denver — We quote comb honey in a jobbing way at the following figures: No. 1, $3.05; choice, $2.90; No. 2, $2.70. Extracted honey, white, 9c; light amber, Sc; strained, G^ to 7c. We pay 26c in cash and 28c in trade for clean yellow beeswax delivered here. The Color.vdo Honey Producers' Associ.'^tion, Feb. IS. F. Rauchfuss, Manager. CHICAGO — Comb honey has sold freely during this month and stocks have been re- duced, and if this demand keeps up during the coming month we are ol the opinion that the yield of 1912 will practically he all con- sumed before that of 1913 is in evidence. We think the excellent quality of the honey has been the main factor in the large volume of sales, many retailers saying they have sold more honey this winter than they have for quite a long time, as people would come back for some more of the same kind they had before. Extracted is moving off steadily and may clean up. Prices on comb has varied and is lower by Ic to 2c per lb. than it was in September and October, and it is too late in the season now to expect any advance in price unless the crop is actually about ex- hausted. Beeswax remains steady at from 30c to 32c per lb. according to color and clenliness R. A. BURNETT & CO., Feb. 17 173 W. South Water St. o o Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say yo.u want your advertisement in this department. BEES AND QUEENS. For Quick S.\le. — 2 or 3 Colonies Italian Hylsrid Bees at $4.00; fine location for fancy comb honey, right of location for 12 months to purchaser. Please don't write unless you mean business. J. B. !M.\rsii.vll, Big Bend, La. For Sale — 50 to 300 colonies, 8-frame, good condition E. F. Atwater, Meridian, Idaho. \Vanted-— To buy 100 colonies of bees for Spring deliver}'. ^lust be free from disease. David Running, Filion, :Mich. Wanted — 25 or 50 colonies of bees. Will pav fair price. Ed Sciiultz, Rt. 4, Barron, Wis. Buy Yolr Bees by the pound; one-half pound, $1.00; one pound, $1.50. Don't take a chance on getting foul brood. A. Scher- merhorn, 266 King William St., San An- tonio, Texas. Golden Italian Queens that produce golden bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each $1, six $5; tested $2. J. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. W'e Will Requeen all our 2,000 colonies this spring; we offer the one-year-old queens removed from these hives at 40c each, any quantity. Untested queen this year's breed- ing 60c each, delivery guaranteed. Book or- liers now. Spencer Apiaries Co , Nordhoff, Calif Quirin's Famous Improved Italian Queens, nuclei, colonies and bees by the pound, ready in May. Our stock is northern-bred and liardy; five yards wintered on summer stands in 190S and 1909 without a single loss. For prices send for circular. Quirin-the-Queen- Breeder, Bellevue, Ohio. If You Wish the best of untested three- band Italian queens, send us your orders: 75c each, $4.25 per 6, or $^00 per dozen. No order too small or too large for our prompt attention. Thirty years' experience. The Golden Rule Bee Co., Riverside, Calif. Golden .\nd Three Band Italian Queens, also. Carniolans. Untested, 75c each; ;! to 6, 70c: 0 to 12, 65c each. Tested, $1.00; over 3, 90c each. Bees per pound, $1.25; nuclei per frame $1.50. No disease. Have every- thing guaranteed. C. B. Bankston, Buffalo, Leon County, Texas. Carniolan Queens. — Bred from best im- ported stock. Many colonies can be manip- ulated without the use of smoke or veil. Un- tested, one for $.75, six for $4.25, twelve for $8.00. Tested, one for $1.00, six for $5.00, twelve for $10.00. William Kernan, Dushore, Pa., R. D. 2. Golde.n and Three Banded Italian, also, gray Carniolan queens. Tested, $1.00 each; 3 or more, 90c each. Untested, 75c eachr 3 to 6, 70c each; 6 or more, 65c each. Bees- per pound $1.25; nuclei per frame $1.50. A discount on orders booked 30 days before shipment. Bankston & Lyon, Bo.x 04, Buf- falo, Leon County, Texas. The Key to successful honey production is- good queens. We raise three-band Italians that make bees that gather us large crops of honey. We know how; we will sell you the same kind for 75 cents each, $4.25 per 6, ^or $8.00 per dozen, untested. Safe arrival and satisfaction always. Fifty to 100 queens, 05 cents each. If you wish queens in a hurry, mail us your orders. Rialto Honey Co., Rialto, Calif. Bees and Combs for Sale. — 45 colonies of bees in 10 fr. home-made hives at $4.00 per hive if taken soon. These bees were all re- queened late in summer, mostly from queens nrr top notch prices nv UlI for your honey DI USING LEWIS SECTIONS AND SHIPPING CASES Send for Annual Catalog which will tell you who is your nearest Distributer. G. B. Lewis Company, Wafertown, Wis. I 102 THE BtE-KEEPERS' REVIEW had a splendid meeting', and prospects are very bright for the com- ing year. Send your memberships direct to the secretar\', ]\Ir. O. A. Keene, of Topeka, Ivans. The Secretary of the IlHnois State Association Sends Out Notices. I have before me a copy of a letter sent out l:)y the hustling Secretary of the Illinois Association, James A. Stone, to about twelve hundred bee-keepers in his state. The letter is one that should bring results, and it would be a good thing if more of our State Associations would follow this line of sending out circulars to the bee-keepers in their state. This letter requests renewals of membership in the State and National, asking that $1.50 be sent to the secretary at once, which also includes subscription to the Re\iew. It also promised a printed report of the last Convention to all those who are paid up. Any Review readers Avho have not sent their membership to Secretary Stone should do so at once. The Northern California Bee-Keepers' Association Has Become Affiliated With the National. I was much pleased to get a report from the Secretary, Alvin L. Heim, stating that their Association at a meeting held December 30th, voted to become afi(iliated with the National. They did not want announcement made in the February Review, because they wanted to knovr what action was taken by the delegates at Cin- cinnati with reference to the proposed amendment to the Constitu- tion, allowing all members of an affiliated association to be con- sidered members of the National. If that did not pass, then they decided to form a new Association to be kno\\'n as the Northern California Branch. Am glad to say that the amendment passed so all members of the Northern California Association are members of the National Association. In acknowledging their membership it was my pleasure to send them a number of new members to their Associa- tion ; these were bee-keepers who wanted to join the National and that rightfullv 'oelonged to that Branch. Meeting of the Idaho Honey Producers' Association. On January 20th our stockholders' adjourned meeting was held, and the following business was transacted : Roll call. Reports of officers read and accepted. New officers elected as follows : President — Jas. J. Anderson. Vice-President — S. A. Coblentz. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 103 of Geo. B. Howe stock, and are in good con- dition. Have never had any disease. Also 800 full drawn combs in L. frames, r;farly free from drone comb; together with 19 fr. hive bodies containing them. Rev. L. P. Holmes, Frankfort, Kansas, Route 2 Italian Queens, bred in Southern Michi- gan; just far enough north to have superior winterers for all northern states and Canada. Bees by pound and half pound. My free de- scriptive list tells it all. Untested, $1.00; select tested, $1.50. My goldens are bred up from imported 3-band stock to start with. I Gentle) select golden untested. $1.10. See list. Plans "How to Introduce Queens," loc; "How to Increase," loc; both, 2jc. E. E. MoTT, Glenwood, -Mich. HONET AND WAX. Raspberry-Clover Honey in new 60-lb. cans at 9c. Sample 5c. J. D. Hull & Bro., Honesdale, Pa. Wanted.. — Comb, extracted honey and bees- wax. R. a. Burnett & Co., 173 So. Water St., Chicago. For Sale — Finest quality clover and bass- wood extracted honey in 60-lb. cans. J. F. Moore, Tiffin, Ohio. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. HiLDRETH & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. For S.A.LE — Pure extracted honey in 60-lb. cans Two cans in case, 9 cts. lb , f. o. b. Taylor. Cash with order. B. Robinson, Tay- lor, Texas. Honey — Guaranteed pure, fancy, white, thick, rich, delicious, extracted. One 60-pound can, $6.25, two 60-pounds, $12.00. Sample by mail, 10c. J. W. Griffin, Troy, Texas. For Sale. — Fine extracted honey, clover and basswood mixed, in new 60 lb. (net) square cans, two in a box. Price S^ cts. per lb. to close out. Dr. C. G. Luft, Fremont, Ohio. For Sale. — Honey, white and sweet clover and basswood mixed, SJ.^ cts. per lb; sweet clover and heartsease, 754c; put up in new GO lb. cans, two in case; sample, 10 cents. Pure, clean beeswa.x, 31 cents. Prices on car at my station. Peter J. Norberg, Spring Valley, 111. MZSCEIiIiANIIOTTS. For Sale — 14 15/2-story 8 fr. dovetailed hives with inside fixtures for 4x5 sections, used once. Also 625 Danze sec. holders and 730 fences, some never used; some once. Wm. Vollmer, Akron, N Y. For Sale — At bargain prices to close out, new 8 frame double walled hives in the flat. A. G. Woodman Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. For Sale — Bee-Keepers' supplies, honey and bees. Write for price circular. A. E. Bur- dick, Svninyside, Wash. P>ee Hives, Bee-Keepers' Supplies — Write for catalogue. Greenville Power & Mfg. Co., Greenville, Texas. Want to Send You our catalog and price list of beehives and fixtures. They are nice and cheap. White Mfg. Co., Greenville, Tex. White-Flowered Goldenrod for sale at the rate of 50 plants for 50c, postage paid The only plant that yields nectar and pollen after frost. James S Johnson, Ltngnon, Laurel Co., Ky. For Sale — Empty second hand cans, two cans to the case, good as new, 25c per case. C. H. W. Weber & Co., 2146-2148 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio. For Sale — A quantity of hives, comb honey, supers, and other supplies. If you want to save money, write Leon C. Wheeler, Barry- ton, Mich Wanted to correspond with a lady about 30 to 45 years of age, with a good common school education and a little means, who is matrimonially inclined and willing to locate in the west. Address S. T. L., care Bee-Keepers' Review, 214 Hammond Bldg., Detroit. POSITIONS AND HEIiF. Wanted — A man to work in our-apiaries and on small farm. State age and experience. A. L. Coggshall, Route 11, Groton, N. Y. Wanted — Another young man for season of 1913. Good opportunity to gain experience, as I am running several hundred colonies. N. L. Stevens, Moravia, N. Y. BEAIi ESTATE. For Sale. — Will trade for bees or supplies, a fine home. F. W. Brain.\rd, Canon City, Colo. For Sale — [Michigan farms, all kinds, prices, sizes and locations. If you want to buy or sell, write me. Chas. R. Cl.\rk, Marsh Blk., Pontiac, Mich. Michigan Farms in heart of famous potato and fruit belt, wild and improved, all prices. Write for list. Ketchum & Morse, Edmore, Mich. We Sell Good farms in Oceana, greatest fruit county in U S., also grain, potatoes, alfalfa, dairying Write for list, etc. Hanson & Son, Hart, Mich. Beautifully Illustr.ated Booklet about Delaware, the state of luscious fruits and of 30 DISTRIBUTING HOUSES FOR LEWIS BEEWARE Send for Annual Catalog which will tell yoa who is your nearest Distributer. G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. 1C4 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW A\'. J. Stephens, T. A\'. Lee, Joseph Farnsworth, J. H. Stoneman and R. P. Albee voted to join the National. Elected Jos. J. Ander- son delegate to the National Convention, and J, H. Stoneman alternate. \"oted to provide a warehouse; meeting was characterized i)y harmonious action on all matters. On the Gth and Tth at our annual, three educational meetings were held, also one business session. At these meetings papers were read and discussions had, the proceedings ending with a l)anquet and ball. The proceedings were a success from start to finish. The attendance, however, owing to the extreme cold weather was some- what small and, owing to this fact, the business meeting was adjourned to January 20th. Salem, Idaho. Jas. J. Anderson. Colorado Bee-Keepers' Association Votes to Become Affiliated With the National. This Association, which has been listed as a branch of the National for some time, owing to the decision of its oliicers to act as branch officers, has now taken legal action to l^ecome an affiliated association. AA'e are glad to welcome this Association to our ranks, and know that we have their co-operation. This action was taken at their State ^Meeting, held at JNIontrose, January 25th ; President J. J. Corbett presided. The new foul brood bill was taken up and discussed b}- those present and unanimously approved by the Association. J. R. Miller read a paper on how to fill empty hives. The article treated of the various systems which are used at present to refill hives, and of all of these the Alexander plan was declared especially useful and most generally approved. ATr. Miller's paper also contained the good advice that it was Ijetter to keep tlie hives full rather than to fill empty ones. After the discussion of the paper the meeting- adjourned so that assistance might be given Robert Foster, who is getting up a co-operative order for a car of bee supplies. The meeting was well attended, and future meetings were planned. The dues of the Association were placed at $1.00. New Foul Brood Bill for Colorado. Reported on favorably by the House Committee on Agriculture and Irrigation. The bee-keepers should now lay before their legislators and Governor Amnions the reasons why this bill should become the law. It deals with fruit tree sprav poisoning. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 105 ideal homes. Address State Board of Agri- culture, Dover, Delaware. For Sale — 80 acres 24 miles from Detroit, '2 mile from town and railroad; 7-room house, 2 barns, silo; good soil. Price $6,500. Eyster, THE Farm Man, 507 Majestic Bldg., Detroit, Mich. POUIiTRY. Sicilian Buttercups. — The most persistent layers and non-sitting strain eggs, $1.50 and S3.00 per 15. Walter M. Adem.^^, Berlin, Mich. Crystal White Orpingtons — A few choice cockerels and pullets. Eggs after January 15. Mating list sent. Mrs. Willis Hough, Pine Crest Farm, Royal Oak, Mich Oak Knoll Poultry — Silver and Partridge Wyandottes and Ind. Runner Ducks Eggs for sale. E. H. & J. A. Collar, Coopersville, ilich. Rose Comb White Orpington Cockerels. Good birds, $1.50. Prize winners, $5. Took first prize Holland show. Leo M. Loew, Bur- nips Corners, Mich. Silver, Golden and White Wyandottes, a fine lot of young stock. New circular January 1st. Browning's Wyandotte Farm, R. 30, Portland, Mich White Wyandottes — Famous winter laying strain Eggs for hatching after March 1st; a few more cockerels. L. M. Olds, Ypsilanti, Mich. American Butter & Cheese Company 31-33 Griswold St, Detroit, Mich. Always in the market for choice comb honey. Write us. Bee Supplies Sold at Cost. Let us figure on your wants. Berry bas- kets, crates, etc., furnished. 5,000 pounds White Extracted Honey for sale. W. D. SOPER, Jackson, Mich. December 10, 1912. It is always pleasant to know that one's results are appreciated and I feel it my duty as well as pleasure, to rec- ognize as one of your beneficiaries, what your efforts coupled with those of your loyal and wise associates, are accomplishing and to express my thanks for your endeavors to make the bee-keeper's lot a more desirable one. While I, myself, have only a few col- onies kept for recreation and diversion, I feel that I should give the business end serious thought and effort and not for instance, sell honey lower than the market price on account of its effect on someone else whose living depends on his sales of hone}'. By co-operation great things can be accomplished and you are certainly on the right tarck and I for one am in entire sympathy with your line of thought in trying to get the bee-keepers close together. W. T. Mayth.\m. 761 \\'. Main St.. Jackson, Mich. \\'eston, No. 4, W. Va. Dear Sir : Enclosed you will find $1.00 for which will you please extend my subscription of the Review another year. Also en- roll me as a member of the National. I have sent 50 cents Branch fees to the Secretary of the Ohio Branch. I can see a great field of work be- fore the National and it is doing won- ders, but it will still accomplish greater objects in the future under its present competent officers. I want to thank you for the advice that you gave me recently for it helped me greatly. Last winter was unusually cold here.. Imt I succeeded in wintering a weak three frame nucleus out doors on the the sumrner stand — so much for the Review. I bind mj' own Reviews. Here is the way : I take a piece of heavy paper (not too heavy or it will break) — car- pet lining paper will do. I cut it about one and a half inches longer than the Review and two inches wider, then I take a piece of cloth (an}' kind will do) and paste it over the paper and let it dry. Now the cover is ready. Next I take twelve copies of the Review and nail them together with small nails, clinching them. Next I place the pre- pared cover over the outside, nailing it with the same kind of nails, being care- ful to keep the nails close to the edge so as not to interfere with the opening of the book. This makes a substantial volume that will stand rough handling. If this scribbling doesn't reach that ever ready hole under the editor's desk, I will come again some day. Yours truly, Addisox Gould. 106 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW It provides for the support of county bee inspectors hx the county commissioners under the general supervision of the State Entomologist. It legislates against the box hive. This bill becoming the law will by energetic enforcement upbuild the bee industry of Colorado very materially. — W. F. Worcester County Bee-Keepers' Association. A neat program just received from this Association shows a meeting for every month from Alarch to January, inclusive. The officers of the Association are : President, O. F. Fuller ; A'ice- Presidents, Arthur Monroe and H. E. Bradish; Secretary-Treasurer, J. S. Whittemore, Leicester, Mass.; Directors, J. Lewis Elsworth, J. L. Byard and F. R. S. Bond. The meetings each month will be held in the Horticultural Hall, at Worcester, ]\Iass., and begin at 2 p. m. The detailed program is as follows : ]\Iarch S. Stimulative Feeding — Pres. O. F. Fuller. April 1,2. Building Up for Work — Arthur C. ]\Iiller, State Inspector, Providence, R. I. May 10. Swarming and Requeening — Allan Latham, Norwich, Conn. June 14. Address — Wilfrid ^^'heeler, Concord, ^lass., Secretar}- State Board of Agricidture. Summer Field Aleeting — Date, location and program to 1)e announced. September 13. Address — Burton X. Gates, Ph. D., State In- spector, Amherst, ]Mass. December 13. Value of Inspection — J. L. Byard, Inspector, Marlboro, Mass. January 10, 1914. Annual meeting — Election of officers, reports of officers, general discussion of year's work. National Convention at Cincinnati. Space will not permit me to give a report in this is'^ue of the Cincinnati Convention. I can only say that from my viewpoint, at least, it was a success in every particular. Seventeen delegates attended out of a possil^le twenty-five, and this is a splendid attend- ance, considering the fact that it was the first delegated Convention. Two other delegates expected to be present, but were prevented at the last minute. .\ full report nf the Convention \vill l)egin with the ^larch number. Here are a few of the things done : THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 107 NOTICE I have moved from Jacksonville, Ark., to Attalla, Ala., where I will continue to breed fine Bees and Queens, Three Band, Golden Italians and Carniolans All bred in separate ^-ards. Untested — one, $1.00; six. $5.00; twelve, $0.00. Tested— one, .$1.50; six, $8.00; twelve. $15.00. I'or Queens in larger quan- tity and Nuclei, write. Let us book 3^our order now., so you will get your Queens when you want them. No dis- ease of any kind. Safe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed. D. E. BROTHERS, Attalla, Ala. W.ILLaws ^^ ill be ready to take care of your Queen orders, whether large or small, the coming season. Twenty-five years of careful breeding iDrings Laws' Queens above the usual standard; iDCtter let us book your orders now. Tested Queens in March; untested, after April 1st. About 50 first-class breeding queens ready at any date. Trices: Tested, $1.25; 5 for $5.00; Breed- ers, each $5.00. Address W. H. Laws, Beeville, Texas December 10th, 1912. Mr. E. B. Tyrrell. Dear Sir : — The Review is now far ahead of any- thing in its line — and "No Axe to grind." All m\- numbers are sent to Tiee-keeping friends in Ireland when read. 1 want to show them what a real live "Yankee" bee paper is like, and they appreciate it. The pictures of American apiaries in the Review are "eye openers" to "Paddy" in the old land. But Paddy is coming to his own at last. Home Rule. Patrick Flaxag.\x, New Rochelle, N. Y. Review Advertisers Get Results Read This C'hic.\go, III., Jan. 27, 101.3. Bee-Keepers* Review, Detroit. :Mich. Gentlemen: — \\'ill you kindly cancel the one-inch advertisement of Fantus Brothers, which has been running under a T. F. order in your publication? We desire to state that this advertising brought such good returns that we have entirely closed out our stock of Lewis bee-ware. Cordially yours, Dearborn Advertising Agency Early (Frofalcon) Queens "ITALIANS" February and March deliveries — for Untested, $1.-50 each; April, $1.25. Tested Queens, 50 cts. additional; Select Tested, $1.00 extra Breeders, prices on application. JOHN C. FROHLIGER, 257-9 :\Iarkct St. .San Francisco, Cal., or Berkeley. Cal. WANTED New Crop Honey Both Comb and Extracted Hildreth & Segelken 265-267 Greenwich St. NEW YORK CITY. X, Y. THE BEEWARE BRAND MEANS SUCCESS S.ndforABnu.iaul,«whichwillt.ll _ you who u your nearut Dittnbuter. INSURANCE G. B. UwU Company, Watertown. Wu. 108 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW The word ''branch" is discontinued when referring to the various state and local associations affiliated with the National, and the words "affiliated associations" will be used instead. Membership in an affiliated association constitutes membership in the National, and the fees for joining- the National will be what- ever fee is for the affiliated association. The only amount sent tO' this office is the $1.00 in payment for the Bee-Keepers' Review. The new officers are: President, Dr. B. N. Gates, Amherst, ]\Iass. ; Vice-President, Dr. H. A. Surface, Harrisburg, Pa. ; Secre- tary, E. B. Tyrrell, 214 Hammond Building, Detroit, Mich.; Treas- urer, C. P. Dadant, Hamilton, 111. Directors for two years: E. D. Townsend, Remus, Mich.; Wesley Foster, Boulder, Col. ; Prof. Wilmon Newell, College Station, Texas. Directors for one year: J. ]M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn. ; F. P. Cavanagh, Hebron, Indiana. The rules were changed so that three directors will be elected each odd year and two directors each even year. This was done in order that all of the directors would not be going out of office at the same time. A set of grading rules were adopted. These were formulated by a committee of producers. There being but one member of the committee of dealers present, it was hardly fair to ask them to meet with the committee of three from the producers, for they would only have one vote to the producers three. If these rules are not satisfactory to the dealers we hope they will take up the matter and be represented at the next Convention. While the delegates were at the table eating, the question of incorporating the National came up and Dr. Surface says: "Why not incorporate and issue stock?"' Just to test the interest he Avrote out a subscription paper, sent it around the table for $10.00 shares, and got $120.00 subscribed by those at the table. Bee-keepers who did not attend the Convention and who may possibly think that their rights were not guarded through a dele- gate's meeting, should have been there and heard the different delegates fight for what the}^ considered was due the members they represented. It was proven conclusively that no section of the territory could control the Convention, for each delegate had a vote and an influence according to the number of members he represented. The Association approved the action of the directors in buying the Bee-Keepers' Review and, after giving it a thorough considera- tion, decided it was advisable to buy an existing paper rather than to start a new one. The financial report shcwcl a. balance in the treasury January 1, 1912, of $28.09, and February 1, 1913', of $443.12. In addition to this there has been paid during the year $300 on the purchase price THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 109 Famous Queens Direct From Italy Eees more beautiful, more gentle, more in- dustrious. The best honey-gatherers. Uni- versal Exposition, St. Louis, 1904, the highest award Extra Breeding Queens, $3; selected, $2; fertilized, $1.50; lower jirices per dozen, oO or 100 (Queens. Safe arrival guaranteed Write ANTHONY BIAGGI Pi'devilla, near BelliiiKona, Italian, Swlzerlanil. ^Member of National Bee-Keepers' Association. This country, politically, Switzerland -Re- public, lies geographically in Italy, and pos- sesses the best kind of bees known. In writing, please mention "Review." Hartford, Conn., April 20, 1912. Dear Sir: — Enclosed please find postoffice money order, $11 for six queens; hope I shall get as good ones as I have received before; if I do I shall want more. Please send as soon as possible and oblige, A. W. Yatics. Norwichtown, Conn., Sept. 11, '12. Dear Sir: — I send money order $3. I wish two of your fertilized queens. I have seen some of your bees owned by Mr. Yates and I like them. Yours very truly, Allen Latham. The Special Committee, appointed by the Oklahoma Bee-Keepers' Association at its last meeting, which was at Okla- lioma City, to draw up resolutions on ihe death of George H. Coulson, sub- mits the following : IVhereas, God in His divine wisdom lias seen fit to remove from earth and its associations our dear friend and fel- low apiarist, George H. Coulson. IVhereas: The Oklahoma Bee-Keep- ers' Association by this act of Provi- dence lost an earnest friend and faith- ful worker, and his family a loving father and husband. Therefore, Be it resolved by The Ok- lahoma Bee-Keepers' Association that w'e mourn the loss of one whose life has been full of benevolent service and ca- pabilities and that we extend to the family our tenderest sympathy and heartfelt confidence in their bereave- ment; and be it further resolved that a cop3' of these resolutions be spread upon the minutes of The Oklahoma Bee- Keepers' Association, and that a copy be sent to the Bee-Keepers' Review, Gleanings, and to the bereaved family. Respectfully submitted, C. E. Sanborn, F. W. Van De Mark, W. H. HOBSON, Coiiuiiittee. WE HAVE THE GOODS At money-saving prices. We defy quantity, quality, and prices. Our Catalog will tell it all. Send list of Goods for quotations. Fine Cockerels, Barred and White Plymouth Rocks, and White Wyandottes, $1.50. H. S. DUBY, St. Anne, 111. Superiorily of the Carniolan Bee A paper explaining the merit.s of these bees, best system of management for comb and extracted honey, and other information, free for the asking. Bee-keepers who buy queens in dozen lots or more should get their orders booked early. The queen breeder can then make shii>ments more nearlv as desired. ALBERT G. HAHN, Carniolan Queen Breeder PITTSTOWN, N. J. AUDELS ANSWERS ON AUTOMOBILES CARE RUNNING AND REPAIR HOW TO RUN AN AUTO FREE FOR EXAMIIVATION Are you interested in au- tomobiles? If so, let us send you on seven days' free trial — without depos- it— this big, new 512-page illustrated manual, en- titled "Auclels An.s«-er.s on Automobiles.'' It is impossible to get thp greatest efficiency out of a car until you know every point in running, caring for and adjusting: the machine In this new book just the problems you are ui> against are solved in a. way that you can easily understand, and so that ^^^ you can immediately turn I^^^^MW to your car and apply the knowledge. O • Itl CA ^'^ don't want you to 4 rice. Jpl.Ovl take our word, or any- one else's for it We are willing to send you the book without deposit. Use it seven days in connection with your car. Then send back the book or remit $1..50. Could any- thing be fairer? Cut out and fill in your name and address plainly at the bottom, ])lace it in an envelope and mail. Your copy of "Aurtel.s Aiis^vors on Automohile.s" will reach you by return post, prepaid. i National Bee-Keei'tr.s' As.sn., I 214 HaminoM)! Bldtf.. Detroit, llicb. Kindly mail me copy of Audels An- I SWERS ON .\uT0M0BiLES, and, if found sat- isftctory, I will immediately remit you I $1.50, or return the book to you. I Name • • 0CCUP.\TI0N I Address 110 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW of the Ri-:\'i!".w, and over ^Kio in uitice furniture, ail of which remains as assets of the Association. Bee-Keepers of Tennessee Hold Big Convention. The Tennessee Bee-Keepers" Association held it'^ annual con- vention Friday. Jan. 31. at the ^Maxwell House, scssinns being' held in the mornin!,'; and afternoon. A number of interesting' addresses, lectures and discussions were made, affording a great deal of general and specific information to the members j^rescnt, and several matters of routine business were transacted. The officers elected for the ensuing year were as follows: Presi- dent. 1. ]\1. Davis, Spring- Hill; vice-president, X. O. ^^'alker. Frank- lin; secretary, j. M. Buchanan. I'ranklin. The first address of the morning was deli\cred by President A\'. ]\f. Joseph, t^f Xashville. He reviewed the progress of the associa- tion, and outlined the things fc:)r which the organization stands. He also devoted some time to his \iews on certain problems facing bee- keepers. He was followed l)y Porter A\'ard of ^Elkton, Ky., who spoke on "Docs Bee-Keeping Pay'" He answered this question with an emphatic affirmative, saying that few professions or lines of bus- iness afford greater profits from the capital used, always prcn'ided tliat modern methods and equipment are used. A discussion of the pure iood laws as applying to the sale of honey was carried on by several members, it being stated that the laws on this subject are good ones and quite adequate, but that hon- est bee-keepers should be constantly on the lookout for the violators of the acts, so that they may be protected. An interesting stereopticon lecture on "Tennessee Bee-Keeping" was made l)v Dr. J. S. \\'ard, of X^ashville. state apiary inspector. He showed lantern slides illustrating hive conditions in this state as he has found them in pursuing his official work as inspecttn'. Fie made a numl:)er of optimistic remarks cm the outlook for the bee- keepers in Tennessee, and pointed out a number of good new meth- ods applving to the luisiness. The afternoon session began with an address by G. M. Bently, of Knoxville. on "Apiary Inspectors' -Meeting at Cleveland. O." This meeting was held last December, and '\\v. Bently gave a number of interesting excerpts from the transactions at the convention. Dr. L. E. AA'ebb, of St. Bethlehem, made a short talk on the pleasures of bee-keeping, and delighted the audience with his skilled method of handling the subject. He showed that the business can he made a verv profitable one. and that it is also one from which many pleasures can be derived. He dwelled on the life and habits of bees, showing the interesting features connected with them. THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 111 Queens That "Are Better" naiians and Banais Untested Queens, T.jc each; ^8.00 per dozen: two or more dozen in one order, $~..J0 per dozen. Tested Queens, $1.35 each; $12.00 per dozen. ]!reeder Queens, $3.00 each. Foreign trade add .5c each e.xtra. I2 lb. Packages of Bees after May 1st, $3.00. Select queen wanted and add to tl;i^. '1 he express charges on these will be very small ni comparison with cliarges on iranie nuclei. One-frame Nuclei with Untested Queen, $2.00 each; 2-frame, $:5.00; ;3-frame, $4.(|0. Full Colony of Bees in 10-frame hive, $7.00. Add 50c each if Tested Queen is wanted; $3.00 if Breeder Queen is wanted. For 10 or more Colonies or Nuclei, deduct 25c each. Write if interested in carload lots. I have successfully shipped Bees and Queens from this jilace every month of th^" year. "Two colonies of bees invoiced by you on Jan. 39 to Matsutaro Sarada, Kobe, ar- rived safely on March 3;^, and are satisfactory. March 31, 1913. Masami Yoshimura, Ogaki, Japan." ?2ach Colony contained a fine Breeding Queen. My Bee and Queen Exhibits at the State Fair of Texas were awarded six premiums in 1011. Italians were also awarded First Prize at The Cotton Palace, in Waco, Texas. "Your Money's Worth" is my motto. Terms are Cash with order. I refer you to Sabinal National Bank or any business firm in Sabinal. I have seven yards, and with several hundred nuclei, I can serve many custom..MS. I solicit your trade. J. A. Simmons, Uvaide Co. Apiaries, Sabinaljcxas TWO A Iiixe at your shop is worth ten at the factor}' — when the swarm is hani^iiiL;- on the limb. MONTHS (loods purchased now can he made ready for TILL SWARMING TIME later use. ^\"e have tliem, and their Root's i^oods too. Send for cataloi;'. M. H. HUNT & SON 141 Condit St. Lansing, Mich- /^JlUfC for FRUITS, SYRUPS •^^■•wO — and HONEY ^ tLowEsVpJicEs Also Labels, Solder and Supplies 1 We ship any size order ^^^t^^/^nK^my^^^^^^^^^^^ I NATIONAL CAM COMPANY, Dept. 6 , BALTIMORE, MP. I DR, HENRY JONES SAYS: That lOvery Beekeeper Sliould IIa\\> a Boyum Section Press and a Boyum Foundation Fastener Odud Reasons A^'h^-, Tlie\- aie I'lieiiiiailed for .SI'KEU. KFFKIeScV niKl I'K A< TU \ BI l,IT V .SRXn FOR ('IR( I I,ARS TFM-IXG MA. ABOUT THK^I. TO THE HOYl M APK'l LTL RAI, CO., RISHFORIJ, >II\\. ARE BUILT LIKE FURNITURE send for Annual Catalog which win tell you who IS your nearest Distributer. G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. I CU/iO UIUCO ARE BUILT LIKE FURNITURE LEff 10 nlVtO ARE PERFECT IN ALL RESPECTS 112 THE BEE-KEEPERS REVIEW The convention of l)ee-kee]jers ])roug"ht to a close the meeting of three affihated bodies which liave been in session here since Wed- nesday, the horticulturists, nurserymen and bee-keepers. Many of the members of each association belong to the others also, as the pursuits are connected closely in an economic way. Report of the Washington State Convention. Reported l)y Geok(,e W. "^'okk, Sandpoint, Idaho. The AVashington State Bee-Keepers' Association met at Norih Yakima, Jan. 8th and 9th, 1913. There were present some of the most extensive specialist bee-keepers of the state, those numbering their colonies b}' the 400 and 500, and some with perhaps more than that number. The opening session was at al)Out 11 a. m., instead of 9 a. m., as many were delayed in arriving, on account of the heavy snow storms which interfered with the railroad trains. Judge 'Milroy, in the lui- avoidable absence of Mayor Splawn, welcomed the convention to the city in a very pleasing address. North Yakima is a city of about 17,000 population, located in one of the greatest fruit-growing dis- tricts in the world, some of the bearing apple orchards selling at from $3,000.00 to $3,000.00 an acre. President A. E. Burdick arrived at this point in the proceedings. and as it was so near the noon hour, it was thought best to adjourn till 1 :30 p. m., when Robt. Cissna talked briefly on "si'Kixr, ?j.\\.\c.i:mi:x r oi" i-.ici's." He advised a careful examination of the apiary, especially weak and c[ueenless colonies. The practical bee-keeper need not waste time on examining some colonies, for he could tell from external ap- pearances that they were all right. When asked just Iwzv this could be done, Air. Cissna said it was impossible to describe it, but the ex- perienced bee-keeper "just knew" from the way the bees acted. He marks only the weak and queenless colonies, and unites, put- ting the colony with the queen on top. Be sure the bees have enough honey to carr}- them along. The loss cjf a few (more or less) colonies does not worry Mr. Cissna, for he has so many that it makes practically no difference in the end. More loss is occasioned through star^'ation in winter than from an}- other cause. Feed the weak colonies if worth saving, with comljs of honey taken from stronger colonies, if vou have no extra combs of honey on hand from the previous season. E. E. Starkcy — A\'oul(l }'ou equalize stores in the falP Mr. Cissna — Yes. It's a good plan. Give only combs of honey to weak colonies. At evening is the best time. Take plenty of bees THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 113 "If goods are wanted quick, send to Pouder." BEE SUPPLIES Eql-ipmf.xt. — Store room built expressly for the business; large concrete basement with just enough moisture so that your sections will not break in bending and no shrinkage in dovetailed corners of hives and supers. Quality. — Root goods at factory prices. The kind that I have sold for nearly a quart'er of a century and the kind that you will recommend to your neighbor. I might have increased my profits for a short time by handling other goods but I w^ould not have been so long in business. iMany articles in my catalog can reach you by Parcel Post and I assume responsibility on any loss in transportation. Catalog free. WALTER S. POUDER, Indianapolis.lnd. ST3 Massachusetts Avenue. of The American Bee Journal is none other than C. P. Dadant, who has been known in this country and abroad for many years as a prominent writer on bees. HAVE YOU SEEN A COPY since he took hold of it? He has made a new Jourual. Former subscribers wouldn't recognize it as the same paper. New subscribers send in letters of. commen- dation every day. Some of the NEW Features Are A Heavy Cover of 4 pages making 36 pages instead of 33. About six times as many pictures and illustrations. More interesting Reading Matter and More of It. Higher grade paper throughout. Here is what one subscriber says: "Allow me to congratulate you on the improvement in the Journal. It certainly hasn't lost anything in changing hands. I noticed at the Des Moines convention manv spoke encouraginglv of the wav the paper has been handled since "'I HE DA- DAXTS" got it. YOU "CAN COUNT ON ME. W. S. PANGBURN. Center Junction, Iowa. Write for sample copy today, or send $1.00 and we will send you the Journal for a full year. AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL Hamilton, Illinois f\im^ Make Your Own Hives Bee Keepers will save money by using our Foot Power SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford, Illinois. 114 THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW along' with the combs of honey, and shake them into the hive of the weak colony you are feeding". President Burdick — Outside indications will tell the experienced bee-keeper as to the condition of the colony. Carrying pollen is a good sign. They will be carrying a plenty if they are queen-right. Feed honey in the comb in the spring, and not any liquid food. Mr. Cissna — If in doubt, just raise the hive off the bottom board, and look up through the combs. Mr. Cole — If the bees are not out at work, the queen is no good. S. King Clover — We learn by observation and experience things that we can't explain to others. Stimulative feeding- should be done in September here. One young 1:)ee is worth 10 old ones. As practically all present were experienced bee-keepers, not much time was spent in discussing spring management. Mr. Cissna said when he began to speak, that he didn't think he could say any- thing on his topic that would be new to those present. THE XATIOXAL ASSOCIATK )X. ^Ir. George W. York, of Sandpoint, Idaho, president of the Na- tional Bee-Keepers' Association, who was present, then spoke on the National Association, what it was doing and proposed to do. to help the members through its affiliated local associations. He urged that every local bee-keepers' organization become affiliated with the Na- tional, for "In union there is strength," and that there should be the fullest spirit of co-operation on the part of all if the National ever is to fulfill its mission, especially as it is now in a position, where, through its revised constitution, it can do more, and in more direc- tions than ever in all its histor3\ for the bee-keepers of America. ]\Ir. York also touched on the advertising of honey by the Na- tional Association, which, of course, would mean a special brand for the hone)^ advertised. He believes that if all local organizations would become affiliated, in a very few years honey-producers would be surprised at the results the National Association could achieve, especially with its present strong l)oard of directors. President Burdick then spoke on the work of the Washington Ploney Producers' Association, of which he is manager. They had handled about SI, 000. 00 worth of honey the past season at an ex- pense of 10 per cent to the association. He believed that parcels post would help when it once got mider full headway, but of course, it will need some improvement over its present form and Y>\:\n of op- eration. Dr. Burdick felt that some members had not been quite as loyal to the Honey Producers' Association as they should have been. In order that a co-operative organization shall succeed it is essential that every meml)er be absolutely loyal, even if at times they may lose a little. In the end. success would be .assured. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 115 ii, Jf falcon FOUNDATION Made at Falconer, N. Y., in the "Fal- con" Plant. From the best wax that can be purchased, run through our special cleansing and sheeting processes, and milled with the greatest care. The bees prefer it, and work on it sooner. Eig orders a specialty; write for prices. During March we are allowing a •2'7c discount on all "Falcon" bes-supplies. Don't be one of those fellows who wait until the last minute and lose money. Write us to-day. Write for samples of our foundation and Red Catalog postpaid. w. T. FALCONER MFG. Falconer, >. V. CO. Where th c Good Bee-Hk-cs come from. Comb Foundation Working Wax You have to go below the surface of things to find THE REASON WHY the HONEY BEES like Dittmer Process Comb Foundation It is because, it is PURE. WHOLE- SOME, has the TASTE, SMELL, and FIRMNESS of the Honey Comb the Honey Bee make themselves. You will be money ahead to send your wax to DITTMER to be worked into Foundation. SEND FOR PRICES AXD DISCOUNTS. GUS. DITTMER CO. Augusta, Wis. PAGE-KENKEL MFG. CO. MANUFACTURERS OF THE "NONE BETTER" Bee - Keepers' Supplies THIRTY YEARS EXPERIENCE Perfect sections from young, white, kiln dried basswood. White Pine Hives and Supers, Excellent Shipping Cases, Brood Frames, Separators, etc. We invite your correspondence. FOR SALE— The Very Best C_iolden or .3 band, -i band Italian and Carniolan Queens. L'ntested Queen. 1 for $1; tested Queen, 1 for $1..50. Nu- clei with untested Queen, 1 frame, $2.50: two for $3.r)0. Nuclei with tested Queen, 1 frame, S3; 3 for Si. Quick service and satisfaction guaranteed. (Bee Hive Page-Kenkel Mfg. Co. New London, Wis. MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best young basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. 116 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW PREPARING IIF.ES FOR \\I.\TER. ^Ir. A'irgil Sires spoke on this sul)ject. He said that a colony should not be too strong — nor too weak ; a goodly portion of young bees, a good queen, with plenty of good stores, and a hive-cover that insures the bees against dampness — these are the essentials for good wintering. He favors the plan of providing slight upward ventilation, through a quilt or packing of some kind. He places at least four thicknesses of burlap over the frames, putting the cover on this, and leaving an air space between the cloth and the cover. Ne\'er place the cover tight down on the cloth — far better, use no cloth at all — for when the cloth gets damp it has no chance to dry out easily. If there is a space between cloth and hive-cover, dampness can more easily escape. ]\Ir. Sires begins to prepare his bees for winter at the last ex- tracting; or if comb-honey colonies, when removing the last supers. If everything is in normal condition in the brood-chamber at that time, the hive is covered up for the winter. There should be at least 2o pounds of good honey in the hive — 30 or iO pounds would be bet- ter. If the brood-chamber has not enough stores, he removes empty combs and replaces them with combs of honey. A very strong col- ony requires much more stores than one of average strength. In the locality of North Yakima Mr. Sires believes chaff-hives, or any kind of protection to the hive-body, is a needless expense. Some sort of packing with an air-space is all tliat is necessary, and the best in his estimation ; also a good hive-cover that will not leak. The last nectar-gathering was about September 1st, and then the preparation for winter was begun. Mr. Sires extracts twice during- the season. r.EE-KEEPIXG AT THE STA'l E COEEEGi-:. Prof. A. L. Melander, the \A\ishington State Entomologist, at Pullman, AA^ash., was present and addressed the convention. Pie said the agricultural college would be glad to do anything possible to help bee-keepers of the state. He desired to know from the bee- keepers themselves just what they Avould like the college to do for them. The prospect is that a course in practical bee-keeping will soon be arranged and installed, and a thoroughly competent expert emploved throughout the year. Prof. Melander surely captivated the convention with his pleasing manner and evident desire to get in touch with the bee-keepers and bee-keeping of AA'ashington. SECOND DAY. The convention was called to order at 9:30 a. m., and Mr. A. G. Kuykendall spoke on THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 117 An Active Season Just Ahead A carload of perfectly new gooils is just on hand from the factory. This brings up our assortment so that we can now furnish almost anything listed in the catalog at once. Hives should be ordered at once if they are to be ready for spring. Frames, and other inside fixtures too, should be put together now; and as this is a dull season with most of our customers, the work can be done now with no extra expense. If you are wanting any special goods, orders ought to be in our hands within the next few days. Other cars will be coming from the factory, and we can save you consider- able in transportation charges by having your goods come with ours in the car. Our new catalog will be out, probably, laefore the first of March. If you are not on our mailing list, send us a postal-card request for this catalog, and it will be mailed as soon as they come from the printers. In the meantime you mav order from the 103 2 catalog. If you haven't one on file, a copy will be mailed immediately on request. If you want to buy in quantities considerably larger than quoted in the catalog, give us a list of your needs and we will quote prices accordingly. If you have never tried Root quality goods, make a beginning this season. You wi'l not be disappointed u\ results. Our bi'anch is maintained for service in tliis Kne, and we can give it to your entire satisfaction. C. H. W. WEBER & CO. 2146 Central Avenue. CINCINNATI, OHIO. This Pail for 6 % cf s., in Crates of 100. F.O.B. Detroit A friction top pail. Put in the honey, push down the cover, and you have no leakage. Size of pail, 6Ys inches in diameter by 7 inches high. Holds 10 lbs. Honey Same Pail Holding 5 lbs. Honey, $5.00 per 100. Write for descriptive circular giving full particulars, prices, and freight rates, to The National Bee-Keepers' Association 230 Woodland Ave., Detroit, Mich. 118 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW ■^"lIOUIFYI N G HON E\ . ' ' He descril:)e(l his method of relic|uif\in!^ iMiiey, in,-huling' a tank with steam-pipes running- through it. Mr. ^'oriv also explained in detail the methods and equipments whieh he used in C hicago, when he bottled some three carloads of hone}- during the winter. Mr. Sissna said he heated his extracted honey and l»ottled or canned it just as fast as it was extracted. It takes less heat at that time. He thinks that more honey is consumed if sold in the liquid form. As to the degree of heat, Mr. Cissna said he didn't know, but decided by the feel of his hand on the melting tank. He uses a 3- burner gasoline stove under a jacketed can into which the honey is put to heating-. President Burdick said overheated honey has a bad efifect on the market. He thinks that honey is better that has never been heated at all. ^\r. Cissna — Great care must be used not to overheat the honey. Mr. Starkey — Granulation is a serious cjuestion with alfalfa honey. .SFJJ.TXG CANDIF.l^ F.XTRAC'IED HONEY. Mr. Starkev told his experience in selling candied extracted honey in Evanston. Illinois. He got a lot of common pasteboard oyster-pails, an'l put one pound of honey in each. He rosined the pails, then put the honey in liquid, and let it granulate. They were soon all sold out in the grocery stores, and calls came for more. The pasteboard ]).'ul could be torn off leaving the solid chunk or brick of honey, if anv ])refcrrcd it in that way. They retailed at 20 cents each. Surely this is a simple way to put extracted honey on the local or home market. DFr.l-:<; ATI'-. 'lO tiik cincixnati nationat. mefttnc. It was decided l)y a unanimous vote to continue afliliation with the National Bee-Keepers' Association, and Mr. J. B. Ramage, the efficient secretary of the convention, was elected as delegate to the National con\enti()n to be held in Cincinnati, Ohio, Feb. 12 and 13, 1913. It was also voted that if Mr. Ramage were unable to attend the Cincinnati C(Mi\'ention. he should embody the wishes of the Wa.shington association in a written communication and forward it for consideration. -Mr. Lee (i. Simmons, vice-i)resident of the Association, described his method of handling l)ees at swarming time. education IX r.EE-KFFriXC. \\r. C. P. Dadant, editor of the American Bee Journal, on request sent a \ er\- comprehensive paper on "'Education in Bee-Keeping." A satisfactorv condensed report of this pa]:)er is almost impossible to THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 119 Now Then, for Your Early Bee Supply Orders Send us a list of the Bee Supplies you want. Our prices will astonish you! Also send us your old combs — we will render your wax and save you money. Write for particulars. The FRED W. MUTH CO. "The Busy Bee Men" 204 Walnut St. CINCINNATI, O. 120 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW give. Suffice it to say, he showed that the bee-keeper of tlie future must l)e educated in various lines bearing on bees and bee-keeping. The following- paragraph is the gist of at least a portion of the paper : ''The habits of the honey-bee belong to Entomology ; the study of its anatomy requires Microscopy; the cure of its diseases depends upon a knowledge of Bacteriology. Wq nnist learn Botany to study honey-plants ; Chemistry for the scientihc com]:)arison of honey with other sweets, or of beeswax with other fatty sul)stances, and the detection of adulterations in either line. If we would succeed we should also ha^■e son.ie knowledge of M cchaiiics to handle our imple- ments, make our hives, and pack our crop; and of Commerce to sell our products." BENEFITS OF THE NATIONAT- ASSOCIATTOX TO ISEI':- l<.V:i:i'l-,KS. Secretary E. B. Tyrrell, of the National Association, sent a very interesting paper on the above subject. He recounted \\ liat the Na- tit^nal has striven to do for its members during li)]'3, and wliat it would soon be in a position to do in the way of handling the hone\' crops, and also in the co-operative purchase of ^i:)ee-supplies in car- load lots. He described in detail several plans for making the Na- tional of unusual advantage to its membership. While up to this time it has not done wonders, under the new constitution. }et it is rapidly getting into a position where it will be a great hclj) in many ways for the advancement of the bee-keeping industry. WEATHER CONDITION AND NECT.VR SFC'KIlTION . Mr. S. King Clover spoke on "\\'eather Conditions h'avorable for the Secretion of Xectar in the IMoom." The officers elected for the ensuing year are as follows : Presi- dent, Dr. A. E. lUuxlick, of Sunnyside ; \-ice-president, Lee (i. Sim- mons, of Ellensl)urg; secretary, J. B. Ramage, of Xorth Yakima, and treasurer, Rol)t. Cissna, of North Yakima. The printed i)rogram contained this brief notice for the second day: '"Banquet at l'?:00 noon." It was indeed a "l)anqnet." The wives of the bee-keepers had provided all the good thin.gs to eat they could think of. and ])laced it on tables arranged right in the room in the court-house where the meeting was held. Of all the things, to temi)t one's palate, those good Washington women surely had a great abundance. There must ha\e been se\cral baskctsful left over, even after all had eaten to the full. It was indeed a very enjoyable occasion, and might well be duplicated in many other places where bee-keepers' conventions are held. Of course it is a lot of work for the women folks, but those Washington women seemed to enjoy it just as much as did the men folks. Robber entrance bottom. They are going like bot cakes. THE IMPROVED SCHAMU PATENT ROLLER ENTRANCE HIVE BOTTOM The Schamu Im- proved Patent Roller Entrance gives the bee-keeper several ap- pliances in one. It is compact, simple, eiB- cient and inexpensive. It furnishes its own storage room, if the bee-keeper decides to remove one roller or another, so that there is never anything lost or get into the way in another part of the bee house. Here you have it all, complete bottom board, drone trap, feeder, ventilat- or, that saves lifting the hives when same are full of bees and honey. Shallow bottom for summer and a deep one for winter. The price is reasonable, being only a trifle more than the cost of a common alley drone trap, feeder, and ordinary bottom board. This invention affords comfort, profit and satisfac- tion, and one swarm saved when you are not with the bees, buys several bottom boards. When you consider that when the workers fly away, you not only lose your queen, but your honey crop as far as that hive is concerned. With the patent under your hives, if they do swarm out, they come back. All the bee-keeper loses is once in a while an old queen. At the end of the honey flow you have a fine crop of honey in your supers and lower chambers bubbling over with full grown bees and honey. Then introduce a young queen, say Aug. 1st, or when your honey crop is over, and your swarms will be ready for winter with plenty of stores young, vigorous queens and nearly all young bees. The three main essentials for wintering well. PRICE: $2.00 F. O. B., for Eight Frame Hive. Liverpool, N. Y. $3.50, F. O. B., for Ten Frame Hive. Liverpool, N. Y. Puyallup, Wash., - iit.-.. Oct. 8th, 1912. Dear Dr.: I have just received the last Bottom Board you shipped me during our State fair, and will confess you have some- thing of value for the bee-keeper. I have found in my trials of the different feeders, that the bottom is the best place to feed from; am satisfied to say that your Bottom Board will do all that is claimed by its inventor and more. Yours truly, T. W. Ware, "5th St. N. W. Showintir space for dead bees in ivinter months, also space for feeding. Address all communications to Dr. Charles G. Schamu Liverpool, N. Y. Do Your Reading Now! Here is a List of the Books You Require. Send in Your Orders at Once. During the height of the busy season, when not only the bees, but everything else about the place clamors for attention, the bee-keeper hardly has time for more than the routine work necessary to keep things going, and often has to put aside the books, magazines, and other literature which he really wants to read. Now that these rush days are over, we are sure our bee-keeping friends can find time for some reading that will not only be of keen interest to them, but will give very material assistance for next season in handling the bees, producing the best and largest honey crop possible, and marketing the same to the best advantage. ' Below we give a partial list of the books we can furnish. Any one of these can be supplied promptly on receipt of order and we have others equally interesting and valuable. FIFTY YEARS AMONG THE BEES, by Dr. C. C. Miller. The writer is one of the most widely read on subjects pertaining to bee-keeping. The book is illustrated by photographs taken by the author and is substan- tially bound in cloth. Price $1 postpaid. ADVANCED BEE-CULTURE, by W. Z. Hutchinson. This is one of the most valuable books on bees ever published. Helpful and interesting for the beginner as well as the advanced bee-keeper. Price $1 postpaid. LANGSTROTH ON THE HONEY BEE. By C. P. Dadant The present volume is termed the "Twentieth Century Edition" and contains a vast amount of information on practical bee culture. MANUAL OF THE APIARY. By A. J. Cook. Particularly valuable for one interested in the anatomy and physiolog>' of the bee and for its chapter on honey plants or bee botany. Price $1.15 postpaid. DOOLITTLE'S QUEEN REARING. Practically the only comprehensive book on queen rearing now in print. $1 postpaid. HOW TO KEEP BEES. By Anna Botsford Comstock. A charm- ingly written book for amateurs, combining enthusiasm, literary ability, and a knowledge of bee-keeping in a book well worth reading. $1 postpaid. WAX CRAFT. By Thomas W. Cowan. No bee-keeper should be without a book on wax and this is the only one on the subject in English. Price $1 postpaid. THE A B C & X Y Z OF BEE-KEEPING. By A. I. & E. R. Root. As the title indicates, this book is designed to cover the needs of the ama- teur and the professional bee-keeper. It is a complete text book and gives full information on every question relating to bee culture. No bee-keeper large or small can afford to be without it. Price $1.50 postpaid. Right now is the time to order for your winter reading. You will find any one of the above books worth many times the price to you for the information they contain. The A. I. Root Company Medina, Ohio THE CHAS. F. MAY CO., PRINTERS. DETROIT, M ICH. Published MonthJt[ APRIL 1913 ▼" ▼" ▼ DETROIT MICHIGAN ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR KEiixrxc2iSia:sc£c^^ 50 Now is the Time to Lay In i gp5 Your Supply of S PQC; Dadant's Foundation 1 Three Per Cent Discount ^^x during January We Want Your Beeswax — to work into Foundation or For Cash. i jSE Highest prices paid for wax especially if light lemon in color nP* o^ and from cappings. x^ §5^ Agents all over the United States and in Foreign Countries. ^ m 65t *• "■ Z^JJZl ""• DADANT & SONS, Agente for Michigan HAMILTON, ILLINOIS. 1 ^ M ■tTa a^&^^aS:$^^MS^^^^ This Pail lor 6^4 ets.,in Crates ol 100. F.O.B. Detroit A friction top pail. Put in the honey, push down the cover, and you have no leakage. Size of pail, 6Y^ inches in diameter by 7 inches high. Holds 10 lbs. Honey Same Pail Holding 5 lbs. Honey, $5.00 per 100. Write for descriptive circular giving full particulars, prices, and freight rates, to The National Bee-Keepers' Association 214 Hammond Bldg, Detroit, Mich. I (ESTABLISHED 1888) OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION AND ITS AFFILIATED ASSOCIATIONS E. B. TYRRELL, Managing Editor. Office — 2iif Hammond Bldg., Detroit, Michigan. Associate Editors: E. D. TOWNSEND, Northstar, Mich. WESLEY FOSTER, Boulder, Colo. Entered as second-class matter, Tuly 7, 1911, at the post office at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Hawaiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. Discontinuances — Cnless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. Advertising- rates on aiiplioation. Office OF Publication - - - 214 Hammond Bldg. VOL. XXVI. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, APRIL 1, 1913 No. 4 ^"ou can't get any honey unless you take a chance on getting stung". Death of Oliver Foster. A letter just recei\ed from AA'esley Foster reads in part: "My uncle. Oliver Foster, died of a complication of stomach trouble and pneumonia, ]^Iarch 12." Further particulars \vill be given in next issue. n Hymettus Honey — Sacbrood. Two errors were made in the March Review which need correct ingf. Hymettus, according to correspondents, is a mountain i Greece and not a flower. I understood it the other way from ^Ii \\'agner. and not having l^een in Greece lately may be pardoned for the mistake. The circular on Sacbrood was written by G. F. White. AI. D., Ph. D.. and not by Dr. Howard, as stated in Marcli number. Neither is it a nev/ disease, but rather an old disease that we formerly knew under a different name. 122 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Minnesota Bee Men After a New Foul Brood Law. A lengthy circular letter reached me explaining a new law the bee-keepers are after in Minnesota. It provides for a state apiarist and one of his duties will be to keep an experimental apiary at the university farm at St. Anthony Park. The apiary shall contain not less than 25 colonies. The Bee-Keepers' Exhibit at the California Exhibition. A letter received from P. C. Chadwick, of Redlands, California, who is secretary of the exhibition committee, states that the plans for the bee-keepers' exhibit for the exposition are not yet completed, but that the work is progressing nicely. A\'e have no doubt tlint the exhibit will he a credit to the California bee-keepers. The New Directors. In this issue I am giving- the pictures of the present directors. They are five in number, and I thought you as members would like to know what they look like. I have every reason to believe that they will work for your interests at every point. Next issue I hope to give the pictures of the officers. The New Bee Journal. The California State Association starts with the April number a new journal devoted to bee culture in general, and the needs of the California bee-keeper in 'particular. Geo. L. Emerson is editor. Its advertisement appears in this issue. We wish it the best of suc- cess and will be pleased to help all we can. Co-operative Experiments in Apiculture. These experiments will be carried out under the flirection of Morley Pettit, Provincial Apiarist, of Ontario, Can., and comprise the following : Experiment No. r — ]\lethod for the ])reventi»in of natural swarm- ing in extracted honey production by holding the colony together. Experiment No. 2 — Method for the prevention of natural swarm- ing in comb honey production, by artificial shaken-swarming. Experiment No. ? — Method for the prevention of natural swarm- ing by manipulation of hives instead of combs. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 123 XoTE — Anv one of these methods provides for artificial increase if desired. Expcriincjit Xo. 4 — [Method of spring" feeding to stimulate brood rearing'. Expcriuicnt Xo. 5 — Method of packing bees when taking them frnm the cellar. Honey Prospects for 1913. It is too early yet to give honey forecasts with any degree of accuracy, but you will be pleased to know that according to letters coming to me the first requirement is secured — that of good win- tered bees. According to reports bees seem to have wintered fine, coming out strong and healthy, and bee-keepers are jubilant. Cal- ifornia seems to be getting the needed rain and so California bee- keepers should smile. A Chance to Get Evergreen Trees Cheap. Bee-keepers often plant evergreen trees as windbreaks for the bees. The State of Michigan can furnish you some at a lov/ price. A list of prices just received from A. C. Carton. Secretary Public Domain Commission. Lansing, ]\Iich., to whom you can write, shows that you can get evergreens from $2 to $T per l.riOO. Those out of the state would have to pay 50% more than those in the state. You can buv in lots of 100 or more. Subscriptions Taken At Cincinnati. Unfortunately when I left Cincinnati at our convention, I left behind me a stenographer's tablet in which were recorded the names of those who paid me subscriptions and memberships during the convention. I have tried to locate the tablet since, but without suc- cess. I must ask each one who paid me. or who knows of any one who did, to drop me a postal card, giving their name and address, so I can give proper credit. Also if it is possible I should be pleased to locate that tablet. An Entomologist Wanted for Arcadia. A letter from Prof. Edward F. Bigelow, President Agassiz As- sociation, Arcadia. South Beach. Conn., states that an entomologist is needed to work with them. He says in part : 'AVe especially de- sire some retired entomologist to take interest in other families of insects. We have not money to employ young specialists who must 124 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW make their living, but are looking- for tliose who ha\e retired from active life and wish to live in nearness to nature. \\> want those who will devote time to original research for the love of it. and take pleasure in occasionally showing these to visitors." Shipping Honey to Canada. Shipping honey to Canada may be nothing new to some, but it was to us until the last season, when we shipped several tons across the line, and could have shipped a full car had we had that much on hand. The importer paid us nine cents on track, three dollars per hun- dred pounds duty, and the freight, making nearly thirteen cents per pound that it cost him laid down. Do vou know what we would do were we to start more bee- yards? I wouldn't tell: the Canadians might protest. — Towxsexd. Keeping Up Temperatures in Bee Cellars. One of my sul)scril)ers writes stating he would like some of the older ones to tell him how to keep the temperature in his bee cellar up to 45°. He says such advice would interest him and other be- ginners, as he has h.eard several say they can nrit get it above 40'' and down to 34°. This causes them to l)ecome damp. Perhaps Editor Townsend can tell him, for he stated to me a few days ago that the tem])erature in his Charlevoix cellar had been over 50 all winter. Probabh' he would like to know how to get it down. Where Is That Subscriber? Everv member of the affiliated associations is delegated to bring in one new subscriber to the Review and to bring in at least one new member to the Association during the year 1913. An Honoralde List of those complying with this request will be published in the Review from time to time as the list accum.ulates. If when sending in the member or subscription aou wWl mention the "Honorable List." then }our contriliutiim will not lie overlooked. — Towxsexd. N. E. France Honored at Cincinnati. A resolution extending a vote of thanks to former Treasurer X. E. France, was passed at the Cincinnati convention, and a committee consisting of Messrs. C. R. Dadant of Hamilton, 111.: F. B. Cavan- agh of Hebron, Ind., and A. C. Allen of Wisconsin, was appointed I THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 125 to receive sul^scriptions for a present to present to 'Sir. I'^rance. In a short time $4S was sul)-cril)etl. Xo mention was made of this in the }.rarch Review, as 1 supposed it was to l)e a surprise to Mr. France. Those who desire to subscribe can send them direct to any member of the committee. What Kind of Barrels Are the Best in Which to Ship Honey and Where Can They Be Secured? One of my subscribers in Cuba wishes to know the experience cf those using- liarrels for shipping" honey, and whether a soft wood barrel is better than a hardwood one. Also wdiether these barrels can be obtained in the flat to be set up bv the purchaser? Fifty-gallon barrels are desired, and they are needed for shipping to (Germany. Who can pive us th.e information asked for? Patronize the Man Who Patronizes You. There is no reason why you can not purchase your supplies from those who advertise in the Re\iew, and by doing that you will show your appreciation of their ];)atronage, for remem1)er this is your paper, and the advertiser wdio does not use it to tell you what he has is not entitled to your patronage. In fact you are not loyal to your association and your own interests if you do patronize him, when you can get just as good service from the man or firm who helps make your paper a success by their patronage. Remember this when you place your orders this spring. Why Don't People Eat More Honey? Why is it that so many people do not eat honey? It is not because they do not like it! We have visitors at extracting and other times when honey is being handled, and of course all are in- vited to partake freely. It is at this time the writer hears many exclamations of approval for honey, and one would naturally think that people who like honey so well would make good customers. It many times does not prove to be the case, for after pronouncing it the finest delicacy ever tasted, they as like as not will go home and not think about honey until extracting time again. The Review is in need of a few short articles on "'Jlow to Edu- cate People to Eat Alore Honey." They need not be more than three or four hundred words long, and for any of these articles we think well enough of to publish, the writer will be given credit for a year's subscription to the Ren'ifw as a part payment for his trouble. — TOWNSEXD. 126 THE BEE-KEFPERS' REVIEW No Substitute Used in Place of Honey by the Bakers. The following correspondence will explain : Remus, Mich., January 9th, 1913. National Biscuit Company, Chicago. Gentlemen: — There is a "rumor'' now and then in the bee jour- nals that the bakers are using a substitute for honey in their baked goods where honey was formerly used. We would consider it a spe- cial favor if you would tell us if you are using a substitute for honey where previously you used honey. Do you know of any bak- ers who do use a substitute for honey in their baking? Could you, without too much trouble, tell us how much honey you used during 1912, also for a few years back. If you will kindly provide this information, will see that your company get proper credit through the Review. Kindly accept thanks in advance for this favor. Yours truly, E.^D. TOWNSEND. N.\TioxAr. Biscuit Company, Washington Boulevard and Morgan Street, Chicago, Jan. 14, 1913. Mr. E. D. Townsend, Remus, i\Iich. Dear Sir: — Responding to your kind favor of the 9tli inst., we note there is a rumor that bakers are using a substitute for honey in their baked goods. Don't you know that there is a pure food law in this country that if you sell goods and call them "Honey Cake" or "Honey" anything else, they have got to be made out of honey? I never heard of any Ijakeries using any substitute for honey. We certainly never did in our company, and I do not believe any- body else does in the baking business. Of course, you know we use large quantities of molasses, vastly more than we do of honey, and some people might say that was a substitute for honey, when such is not the case at all. When the price of honey gets too high all bakeries naturally in getting up new goods would use something besides honey for sweet- ening purposes, and then when honey gets low again they would go back to using it once more, also using the word "honey" in connec- tion with the goods. The consumption of honey by our bakeries in this country is very large, just how large I have no means of knowing. Believe me, with kindest regards. Yours very truly, Naiional Biscuit Company, H. J. Evans. Purchasing Dept. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 127 Note — Mr. Evans is the Xational Biscuit Co.'s purchasing agent at Chicago, and all their raw material of whatever nature for the central west is purchased through him, so the above can be consid- ered authentic. The Specialist and the Farmer Bee-Keeper. ' ^\i A^l in favor of farmers keeping liees. I have done all I could ^11 to help them to succeed. It is to our interest to get them interested personally and financially. If a man has a few stands of bees he does not rush for the scythe the first bee he sees on a sweet clo^-er blossom. He does not rush the spraying of fruit trees before the bloom is ready for it. He does not feel that you are robbing his alfalfa field when he sees a bee flying over it. He will not try to poison bees or complain if one buzzes around his horse when he feeds at noon. And he does not think you are getting a living ofif his farm and paying no rental, as he does when he sees your honey, gathered from some source, in a yard near him. Nor does he think you are getting something for nothing after a season when he has to buy sugar to keep his bees from starving. By all means help the farmer to keep bees ! The world is large enough for us all. Tt is only the professional bee- keeper who crowds in on an established bee-keeper who is to be blamed, and even he may be misjudged; there may be room for the newcomer also. — W. Hickox. Cement Hive Stands. By D. H. MORRIS, Springfield, Ohio. (A Jiiz'c stand that lasts; weighs 60 lbs. eaclu Hc-u' to make then,) '^^^\ S I always was a crank on ha\'ing things neat and handy. ^^^^ not only in the apiary but elsevv^here as well, when I adopted the Alexander feeder I was "up a stump" for quite a while for a convenient way to fasten the feeders to the hi\'e. I finally thought out the above concrete hive stand. I went to two or three local cement men. and thev said the stands could not be made. I said to myself they eaii be made. I went out in the shop, made a set of wooden moulds and cast my first stand. After it was made, I found it was going to be too heav}^ (2 in. at top and 3 in. at bottom), so T made new inside fixtures for the forms, cutting the thickness on top from 2 in. to 1>.< in., and at the bottom it was reduced from 3 in. to 2^i in. The front or alighting us THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Ijoard, however, is IJ2 in. thick at all ])(iints. I cast the second one and it looked so ^ood and worked so fine I eqni])i)efl the whole yard of a little over ."iO colonies the following- sprin.;;-. 1 might be safe The D. H. Morris Cement Stand. 1 Apiary of D. H. Morris, Hives on Cement Stands. in saying- this is the ideal hive stand, as it wdll not rot, burn np or require painting, and as they weigh about (iU lbs. each I don't think you would lose many by people carrying them off. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 129 Now to attach the feeder put the feeder down on the projection made for it, but not tiush with the side of the bottom l)oard, as when I pull the body back I want the hive body to project over the end and side of the feeder about ^/^ inch ; then in case of rain while I am feeding the water does not run down in the feeder as it would other- wise do if the feeder and hive body were flush. In the photograph with the three hive stands tlie first is the concrete hive stand ; the middle shows the feeder and bottom board fit ; and the right hand stand shows the feeder, bottom board and body on the feeder. You will notice here how the body projects over the feeder. T can put on all my feeders in less time than it takes to hunt up bricks, shingles, etc., as in the old way. Bee Inspection in New York By R. J. RULIFFSON, Secretary Monroe Co. Bee-Keepers' Association. [It would seem that the Inspectors of Apiaries of New York are giving very good satisfaction when a convention of the very best bee-keepers of the state sanction their mode of procedure, as is related by the secretary of the Monroe Association, Mr. Ruliffson. I would reiterate what I said on page 44, February Review, and beg to add that the very best Inspector I have had the honor of working with worked along the line referred to by me in that notice. — Town- send.] A Reply to Mr. IVilliaui P. Frifa (see page :jQ, Feb. Review.) • "J|N a recent issue of the Review there appeared an article con- /|| cerning" the inspection of bees as carried otit at present in New York state, which is too violent a perversion of the true conditions to pass ynnoticed. The entire article savors of an attempt to vent personal spleen for some grievance, fancied or otherwise. It does not require studied efifort for anyone to assail reputa- tions of others, but it is another matter to prove those statements. These desultory outcries against bee inspectors are periodical, and the last one appeared in print one year ago. When the cause, at that time, was ferreted out, it was found that the author had openly expressed the desire of becoming an inspector. It does not require unusual efifort to discover that the rank and file of New York state bee-keepers are well satisfied with the work of the present inspectors. They are not only ready at a moment's notice to respond to the call of duty, but they have rendered invalu- able service to bee-keepers throughout the state in disseminating the best methods and practices concerning apiculture, in addition to their regular duties that ha\e called forth nothing save commenda- tion from those who are familiar with the facts. 130 THE BEE-KEEPERS REVIEW It will be conceded that there is at least one oefect in the present foul brood law and that is. — the absence of a penalty for failure to report cases of foul brood that are known to exist. It is reasonable to asstime that a bee-keeper, who is informed of the existence of foul brood in his yard, is sufficiently interested to be willing to carry out instructitms that have been demonstrated to him by the inspector, but instead, some think that their interests are conserved by "doing as I think best.'" Such a one is dishonest to the inspector, to his neighboring bee-keepers, and to himself, whereas state inspection of bees as represented here has never been known to fail in benefiting those who are willing to help them- selves, although our friend would have us believe everyone must be "a hewer of wood and drawer of water." If a little more co-operation of the apiarists with the inspectors were indulged in, instead of antagonism shown, there would be less of foul brood than there is at present. Another point wdiich our friend fails to grasp is, — that foul brood is of such a character that there is slim chance of its being entirely wiped out, but considerable headway can be made by directing the same amount of energy in boosting that is now dissipated in knocking. The present inspectors have the entire confidence of the X. Y. Association of Bee-keepers' Societies which is composed of all the leading bee-keepers in the state, and a renewal of this confidence was had as recently as the state meeting in this city in December, 1912. Spring Feeding for the Honey Crop. By HENRY L. JEFFREY, Woodbury; Conn. ' "J|N nearlv every article by nearly every writer on securing the ^jl honev crop, very strong emphasis is placed on having the swarm in good condition at the beginning of the honey flow, but as the Irishman says, "Divil the wan tells us how" that condi- tion is obtained. Years ago, ]\Ir. Curl Bostwick, of Sandy Hook, and I both had about the same number of colonies, from 30 to 40 each. One spring the last of March was very pleasant, and I examined my bees and found six of the strongest and best starving. I reduced them down to four or five combs, and then fed them all they would take. The first of April, Mr. Bostwick examined his bees and found six starv- ing. He gave them a few part-full sections of honey, then started for me. i\'e closed his bees down the same as mine, fed them all they would take for two days and nights, and then closed them up to stav until warm weather came. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 131 Four weeks after that ^Fr. Bostwick noticed those six hives had but very few bees flying, and looking into the tops of the hives saw they w^ere very weak in numbers. He started for me again. I liad noticed the same thing with my bees. \\ e examined his bees very closely. The whole six were very strong ^^■ith young, just hatched, bees, and quite short of stores again, thus showing that the young- bees had very nearly replaced the old wintered ones in numbers. About this time G. !M. Doolittle and some others wrote that they had been making some record tests on the age of bees leaving the hive as field workers, and that the average age was IG da}-s. For a worker to l)e ready to gather honey from any particular flower, the egg for that worker must he laid oT days ( 21 -j-lO — .37 ) before that flower opens to yield. In both cases these six hives beat the record in yield of honey from apple bloom, which was extra that spring. That accidental chance was strongly noticed, and was tried by both of us the next spring with half of each yard. Apple bloom opening Alay l"2th. we subtracted 37, giving April 5th as the time for feeding. For years after that ]\Ir. Bostwick and I shut down half our bees onto as few combs as they could cover, and fed sugar syrup to fill them, or all the bees would take, and each and every time with the same result. This cured us of slow, steadv feeding to get them to build up. As long as Curl Bostwick lived and kept bees (over ■?<) years) he would make fun of slow and steady feeding to make a colony build up strong. ^ly favorite time to pack my bees is the last of March and first of April. That has 1)een mv favorite time for 30 years past, l)Ut it won't do everywhere, although, the heavy feeding for two or three days. 37 days before the honey flow, may possibly cause some to think T Iiave stumbled onto somethins'- Transferring Bees. By A. H GUERNSEY, Ionia, Mich. ' "Jl X the Ri:\ii-:w of January. V.H2: page "H. I notice an article on ^ transferring bees, by ]3r. James W. Cowan, of Xew York, in which he refers to his method of transferring as that of Mr. Townsend, of Michigan. I claim to be the sole inventor of this method. Some two years ago or more I gave this new metliod to Air. Townsend for publication in the Revikw by request. X^ov/ as I have perfected this method in e\er}- detail, perhaps it would be well to repeat it as I have used it for four or five years with perfect satisfaction in every case, and I have had no little experience along this line. It don't matter how manv I have to transfer, I hardly know as I have spent extra time, and l)esides tliis I get wax enough to pay well for it all. 132 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW This system is so simple and easy to manipulate, and so little labor, and at the same time the bees go right along" as before, and I get just as much surplus of comb honey and seldom colonies run for comb ever cast a swarm. Aly method serves just as well for extract- ing- and gets just as large a surplus. Now my method is as follows: For crooked combs, undesirable hives, old box hives, boxes or any old thing I find with bees, sometime in ]\[ay, usually when the colonies to be transferred are full of bees and the weather is warm, simply turn the hives bottom side up. exposing- the whole surface of combs. Set on top a body of brood combs. Go to a hive with straight combs and get a card with some brood in all stages, not full. Slip it in center of combs. Lean a board about 18 inches long up in front so it will just rest at the entrance of upper story so as to com- pel the bees to go in there. It will be only a few hours of a little confusion. In about three days lift out the card of brood and you will find four out of five queens above, insert an excluder at once between or on top of old hives where queens are found above, and in 21 to 24 days the old hive may be removed. If old boxes, I bore a small hole on each side just large enough to insert the nozzle of smoker, and after removing it from in under I smoke in the two little holes and the bees will soon run to the top, what few is left, then dump in front of new swarm on old stand. At this time the brood is all hatched out, and as the bees hatch they first fill with honey and go above and leave the old combs with but little honey. Now the old is taken to pieces and I get about straight worker combs enough to make from three to four good straight combs b}- cutting just so as to crowd in the L frame singly. The bees will soon fill out the spaces not filled with comb. These comb pieces are held in place by means of little pieces of broken sections cut about one inch long tacked to the top bin and project down on the edge of the comb below. Soft Candy For Winter Stores For Bees. f EXPERIMENTS PROVE "SOFT" CANDY TO BE GOOD FOR WINTERING PURPOSES.— ALSO, FOR SUPPLYING CAGES WITH FOOD IN SHIPPING QUEENS BY MAIL.— A DETAILED FORMULA OF HOW TO MAKE AND USE THE FULLER "SOFT" CANDY.— A VALUABLE ARTICLE. By O. F. FULLER, Blackstone, Mass. [The subject that member Fuller takes up, that of providing soft candy as a universal bee-feed for winter, spring or summer stores, for shipping bees with- out combs, also for queen cage feed for mailing, I consider a live subject at this especial time. If this soft candy will make it possible for the queen breeder of the north to rear queens from March to November, as Mr. Fuller says, it will be a "boon" to the northern queen rearing business. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 133 The glucose and thermometer mentioned are the same as used by the candy makers. It is likely that all wholesale grocerymen will handle this glucose, so all one will have to do is to ask his grocer to order for him glucose, the same as is used by the confectioner for making candy. Glucose used to be very cheap, two or three cents a pound, but now since it has gotten into the hands of the "trust" it will likely cost in small quantities about as much as granulated sugar. The candy thermometer mentioned tests from 0 to 250° and is all glass. They are rather expensive but a necessity, as candy must be heated to just such a temperature or it will be too hard as the bees cannot take it if heated too high, and so soft that it will run and "daub" the bees if not heated high enough. If you do not know what cream tartar is, ask }our wife. — Townsend.] ^^^E all of us have some particular line in our pursuit that we Vik/ are most interested in. Some of us prefer to produce comb honey, others extracted honey, while others prefer queen rearing. I have made my work (thirty years) in the line of queen rearing and, incidentally, winter feed for bees. Of late I have been able to rear queens here in Xew England for seven months in the same colony. As regards to soft candy for winter feed for bees, most bee- keepers will remember that last winter, 1911-'12, was one of short stores in the hives for winter, and I was in the same boat, only I was a little further from shore than most bee-keepers on account of sickness in my home for quite a little while — that of my father, who died November 12th, 1911. On account of this sickness I could not feed my bees — about fifty colonies. It was now too late to feed sugar syrup. I knew that in England they feed a soft candy feed (so-called), and I sent to Gammager & Co., England, after a frame of this feed. It cost me about $3.50, which included the duty and postage for about four pounds, flicn it came too late. I consulted a candymaker here and experimented with sugar and cream tartar, sugar glucose and cream tartar. A record was kept of all formulas and degree of heat when the desired tempera- ture was secured. I had about twenty colonies at my home yard that I fed this feed to and watched results. I saved all of my bees at my home yard but three colonies. I exhibited at the A\'orcester Co. Bee-Keepers' Association last March. (191-2). a box of this feed, and told the members just how 1 had made it. giving them to understand that it was still an experi- ment. Some of the members made and used some of it and reported the same results as I had had. At first I boiled to So'?"", tested with a regular candy testing thermometer, but experience proved that this degree was not high enough. I added more glucose and boiled to a higher degree, and this time it worked perfectly. The result was I saved my bees. 1 could refer you to Mr. A. A. Byard, West Chesterfield, N. H., who also saved his bees, and has since fed a good many pounds of it, and he wrote me last week. (January 15th. 'lo). that he "was win- tering four colonies on "Fuller's"" soft candv. with uo other food, and 134 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW that they were wintering perfectly." You would be surprised to see how warm the box of candy feed would get under the packing over the frames in the brood chamber. The formula I now use in making this soft candy is as follows : Granulated sugar, 12 pounds; glucose, one and a half pounds, (not syrup known as corn syrup) ; water, one and one-quarter quarts, and one-fourth to one-third teaspoon of cream tartar. Put the water, cream tartar, and glucose together, and as soon as it begins to boil, add the sugar. Stir until it reaches the boiling point, hut do not stir ivliile boiling. As soon as it reaches 238 or 240" by a sugar boiling thermometer, remove from the stove to cool. Leave the thermometer in the syrup, and you can stir it a very little while cooking, so as to keep the temperature as ez'cn as possible. You may see it commence to '"cream" before it reaches the desired heat. When it cools to 120 to 125^, stir or beat it, and in a short time it will cream. As soon as it looks like paste or starch and is thickened, it is ready to turn into the feeders. The feeder is made about IV/z" deep, and Ijas a 6x8" glass which is used for the bottom. (It is presumed that this candy is so thick that it will not run out of the feeder when the S^'^" rim is simply set over the glass when filling. — Edit.) These feeders are filled nearly full uf the candy. At first they were filled full, but I found this to be a mistake for the reason that there should be a bee- space between the feeder and the top of the brood-frame upon which they rest to prevent killing bees when putting on the feeders. The feed should be prepared the day before it is needed for use. The feeder is placed directly over the cluster of bees, candy side down, and the glass side up. One of these boxes of feed will last a col- ony of bees from nine to ten weeks, sometimes longer. All you have to do is to just pull back your packing and you can look through the glass and see how much feed is used. When nearly gone another box can be put on. The bees will all leave the empty box, and it can l)e taken ofif and refilled. I have been criticised a number of times by local candy-makers, but let me say right here that candy-makers initst have the bees to experiment with in testing out their "fudge" product, etc., before they know whether their sugar-glucose products will work on the hive or not. I have been "through the mill" on soft candy feed. With my experience of over a year with this feed I think I can safely say that the bees will take this feed any time of the year. They will take it I am told if placed at the entrance of the hive, in the bee cellar, and there has been no bad results with dysentery with this candy. There is very little danger of robbing when fed in summer. In winter the feed is directly over the cluster of bees, the feeder itself forming a warm clustering place for the bees as the I THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 135 feed is used out. This candy can be used in small frame feeders in nuclei for mating queens. Feed is always there, and no danger of leaky feeders to cause robbing. This feed has been used to ship fiill colonies of bees in a shipping box without combs with good results, thus doing away with the danger of spreading disease among bees. Last spring most of the queen breeders were tied up by the postal department in regard to inspection of apiaries. In May, 1912, I wrote the Third Assistant Postmaster General and asked for per- mission to use the mails if I would send my queens and bees on a candy food made without honey, and I received a favorable reply. The original letter is at our state inspector's office. It gave me per- mission to mail queens and bees providing I would give a sworn statement that the bee-feed used contained no honey. I could fur- nish this statement, and commenced filling orders by mailing out queens last year on this candy feed with fairly good success. I can now see where I can better myself, and see no reason why I cannot this coming season make a candy for queen's cages as nearly per- fect as I have for the hive of bees. Have We Not Been Breeding Too Much for Color and Too Little for Honey? ADDING STRIPES TO THE ITALIAN BEE— BEAUTIFUL BEES NOT ALWAYS GOOD PRODUCERS—AN EXPERIENCE IN 1877— "HEN, LET'S SHAKE HANDS." By H. L. JEFFREY, Woodbury, Connecticut. (Coniiiiucd from Marcli "Rci'icw.") About the same time I began to get letters from customers that I had been selling queens to for the past three seasons. All of let- ters mentioned "The queens we got early this season are better bees and make more honey than those you sent us before." These letters I kept to see how many, and how long they would come. This I followed up. In two years more she was superseded and during that time another accidental eye-opener occurred which I'll describe in the future. In this fall that was the first season of the using, the daughters of that queen to furnish drones for the mating of her daughters, I had a couple of her daughters raised early in the season that were the only queens furnishing me any drones and to take the place of the older queens I sold. I did raise more from the old queen to fill their places so that I had a slight chance to find out if there would be any deaf, dumb, halt, blind or non-descript specimens very highly valuable as things for the dime museum business in the inbreed mat- ings. And lo ! there cometh none of those scientific valuables of the 136 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW bigbears of the dreams of ye prophets, of those that knew not whereof they spoke. But Avho-so-ever knew thereof and lives today knows that the monstrosities were furnishing even yields per hive that caused theories by the dozen, and they all fitted not one notch. This is not scientilic and was not experimental, but it got there just the same in the upper stories of the hives. This same old queen lived the third and fourth seasons to be used to raise queens from, to stand the chance of mating with drones, the sons of their own sisters. After the old lady disap- peared without even as much as asking the Old Hen "May I go?" some of her daughters were tested or tried out on the queen line, two had been tried before she was gone, and one was used with the same trick of inbreeding and the establishment of characteristics was followed up closely for seven years right there, and not having room enough I had to go elsewhere. For ten years I heard from customers that had queens of that stock and its influence. Just look at Dr. Bonney's statement, the substance being no im- provement in the honey bee in ages. To that I say Dr. Bonney is correct and way, way wrong. A few years ago I was programmed to speak at a bee convention — "I^ow to Raise Better Queens." After the announcement I said that heading is wrong: not how to raise better bees, but how to raise more of the better class. The best we have now are good enough to suit me. With Dr. Bonney I agree that there has been no improvement in the honey bee by any record since the beginning of time ; that there cannot be a greater even- ness of product produced to that statement. I say there are lots of lazy liars, too lazy and shiftless to produce that evenness in product that we all want and many lyingly say, "It can't be done.' There is where we differ, and I am not sure the doctor will not say, "Hen, lets shake hands." When I saw an apiary that gave from not one pound of surplus honey up to fifty pounds by the scales, and in two seasons every hive had on two supers and some three, well filled, and every queen, the daughter of the best one in the yard, other bees in the neighbor- hood were not changed in color, breed, nationality, or any other way, but this one apiary for five years was evened up quite close on their average yield. Dr. Bonney will correctly say "there is no improvement as in other animals or by the Mendalian theory." That's true. He is right in full. Some others will say : How about the selection part of it? There was not any of the selection there, the hereditary law is there to be used, and was used. The results were produced and can be given. A goodly number will say you re-queened, that's where you improved the apiar}^. Are you sure? How do you know that? Please answer me, Mr. So Sure About It. How about the drone? What is he? Who is he? Who is his THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 137 father? Please look up. hunt up, and answer me that? Wherein, also, is Dr. Bonney wrong on condition of the swarm for big honey crop? BEGINNERS DEPARTMENT What To 'Do Each Month This Department will be a peruianent feature for the year 1913. Whether it is continued after that, or not, will depend upon how it is received by the subscribers. This paper is being published for your interest, and it is our desire to give you zvhat you want. If this Department is not wanted it will not be continued. APRIL — New England and Eastern United States. By Burton N. Gates. Assistant Professor of Bce-Ivccpiiig. .]fassacliiisctfs Agricultural College, Amherst, Mass. Bees will have commenced their regular flights in April. By due precaution against robbing at this season, frequently the spread of much bee disease may be overcome. Small colonies should have their entrances contracted sufficiently to allow them to guard their stores. It will be advisable to keep close watch of 3^our stock to pre- vent dwindling. Should a colony dwindle, extra precautions are nec- essary in order to prevent robbing and thereby a possible source of infection. Make sure that no empty hives remain in the yard. Bee- keepers in Massachusetts may communicate with the writer concern- ing violation of this restriction. Judicious stimulative feeding, by either hard or soft candy or syrup, will usually prove advantageous at this season. Bee-keepers will be interested in looking up the soft candy method of Mr. O. F. Fuller, which appears in this issue of the Review. Had you thought of cement hive stands for your apiary? They may be made to advantage in the early season as soon as freezing weather has passed. Has your apiary a satisfactory windbreak? If n<^t, spring is the time to plant a mixed hedge of evergreens and deciduous trees. The hemlock and arborvitse are satisfactory in New England. A great variety of quick growing deciduous trees are available, either wild or cultivated, to mix with these, ^^'atch for the first pollen. The writer would appreciate reports on this, indicating tlie source and date. 138 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW APRIL — Lower Arkansas Valley. C. Stinsox, Hoi.lv^ Col. Weak swarms should be well supplied with stores and be o-iven protection to hold the heat. Swarms which are short of stores should be fed. Fruit bloom varies from the KHh to the 2.3th, accord- ing" to the season. After fruit l^loom feeding" those short of stores should be continued until the main flow commences in June. Uncap a comb every few days ftjr those which are hea\'}- with honey, to stimulate brood rearing. If the honey is candied, sprinkle with water to dissolve the granulation. Feed some water anyhow to save the bees from getting chilled and drowned in the cold water of this season. All manipulation should be done after the bees are done flving or on cool davs to avoid robbing. APRIL— Northern States. Jesse H. Roberts, Watseka, 111. The work in the apiary can now be pushed much more rapidly as there is not quite so much danger of severe changes in the weather to chill them. The feeding of rye meal can be discontinued if there is plenty of natural pollen, but not until then. The feeding of syrup should be continued until fruit bloom opens. Should the weather continue cold for several days at a time, the l)ees ought to be sup- plied with water near their hives, for much of our April losses is due to the bees going in search of water in inclement weather. Be sure that your bees are well and healthy, or you might spread disease. Also upon the strength of the colonies in April depends the harvest for the season. In most localities the colonies should be equalized by giving the weaker ones brood from the stronger. Do not remove any of the packing if it begins to feel warm, for there are cool nights as late as May. The surplus boxes are seldom needed in this month. The best plan is to keep the stronger ones at work, raising brood for the weaker, but whenever the hive is full of bees out to the corners and the combs begin to look white and fresh along the top bars, then it is time to put on the supers. This whitening of the combs is a sure guide. The latter part of this month, examine every swarm to see if there is brood disease, and if you find any you had better call for the inspector, or treat it if you know how it should be done. APRIL— Southwestern States. By HeXRV C. BaRROX. riAGER>[AX. X. IM. The first of this month will find the later varieties of peach, plum and prune in bloom. The apple trees will be a mass of flowers about the fifteenth to the last of the montli. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 139 The bees will now put forth their best efforts to fill their homes with their desired assistants — young bees. The stored supply of honey will now be used up ver}- rapidly; there will be mau}^ mouths to feed. I want to throw out this w'arning to the beginner in this part of the country : There is a short season between the falling of ihe fruit bloom tti the first bloom of alfalfa that is not only very trying to the strong colonies but to the bee-keeper himself. So watch closely not only the weak but especially the colony with many bees. The apiarist should again examine each of his colonies closely, and where necessary ecjualize the honey. In transferring frames of honey take bees as well that cling thereto. Another source of trouble will not only meet the beginner, but the veteran as well — the poisoning of the bees b}^ arsenic sprays. We have no adequate law on spraying in force. W'e had a specially prepared bill presented to our legislature the past session. The house saw the necessity and passed it, but the bill was allowed to die in the senate, through the hard work oi some of the "Fruit As- sociations," who must have more education instilled into their poor brains. To overcome this trouble it is well to feed outside of hives a thin syrup, the same as for stimulating, until the petals have all fallen. AMiile it will not save all the bees, it will help. One of our bee-keepers just reports that he has had stolen from one of his outyards forty-eight colonies. The peculiar thing about it is that the frames with honey brood and bees were taken, and the hi\e left on its stand. Xovember 6, 1912. Mr. E. B. Tyrrell. The Bee-Keepers' Review, Detroit, Michigan. My dear Mr. Tyrrell : — In my Review which came today there was an insert which tells me that my subscription is up. Enclosed you will find a check for $1 50 for which please extend my sub- scription to the Review and give me the benefits of the National and IHinoib State Bee-Keepers' associations. The character of the Review as a medium of spreading information of great value to the bee-keeper is indeed a milestone in the fight for better bee- keeping. I find in each issue of the Review articles which I must read many times to get their full value, though their editorial style is excellent. Continue your articles along practical lines and you will soon have the big- gest circulation in the class. Should j-ou wish to use this state- ment you may as it comes from the heart and you may know I am always with you. Secretary Jas. Stone will tell you what I did in the fight for a foul brood law here and I heartily ap- prove of all you are doing in the Na- tional. Respectfully yours, Kennith Hawkins. IS N. Lake Street, Aurora, 111. Orleans, \'t., Jan. i:',, 1913. Friend Tyrrell : — I can't keep more bees better without your paper. Yours truly. O. C. Miles. 140 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Stj^ Naltnnal l^^-SC^^p^ra' AHHnriattnn Anb its Afiiltatp& Assortattmts Officers. Dr. Burton N. Gates, President Amliei'st, Mass. Dr. H. a. Surface, \'ice-Pies. .Ilarrisburg, Pa. E. B. Tyrrell, Secretary Detroit, Mich. 214 Hammond Bldg. C. P. Dadant, Treas Hamilton, 111. Affiliated Associations Arizona Honey Exchange G. M. Frizzell, Tempe, Ariz. Adirondack — H. E. Gray.. Fort Edwards, N.Y. Colorado — Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. Chicago-Northwestern — L. C. Dadant.... Hamilton, 111. Hampshire — Hampden — Franklin — Dr. Burton N. Gates Amherst, Mass. Tdaho — R. D. Brpdsliaw Notus, Ida. Twin Falls — C. H. Stinsou. .Twin Falls, Ida. Idaho Honey Producers' Assn. — Frank Beach Salem, Idaho Illinois — Tps. A. Stone. . . Rt. 4. Sp'insfield. 111. Iowa — S. W. Snvder Center Point, Iowa Indiana — Geo. W. Williams, Redkey, Ind. Kansas — O. A Keen Topeka Kans Massachusetts Society of Bee-Keepers ....Leslie A. M. Stewart, Franklin, Miss. Missouri — J. F. Diemer Liberty, Mo. Michigan — O. H. Schmidt Rt. 5, Bay City, Mich. Minnesota — Dr. L. D. Lponard ..515 Syndicate Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. Directors. E. D. TowNSEND, Chairman Remus, Mich. J. M. Buchanan Franklin, Tenn. Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. F. B. Cayaxagii Hebron, Ind. Prof. Wilmon Xewell. . College Station, Tex. and Their Secretaries. New Jersey — E. G. Carr New Egypt, N. J. N. California — Alwin P. Hein Box 16, Fair Oaks, Calif. N. Michigan — Ira D. Hartlett East Jordan, Mich. Ohio — Prof. N. E. Shaw, Dept. of Agr.... Columbus, Ohio Orego.v — II. Wilson Corvalis, Ore. Pecos N'alley — Henry C. Barron Hagerman, New Mexico Pennsylvania — H. C. Klinger, Liverpool, Pa. Tf.nnessee — I. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn. Texas— Willis C. Collier, Box 154 Goliad, Texa# X'ermont— P. E. Crane Middlebury, \'t. Washington — J. B. Ramage Rt. 2, N. Yakima, Wash. Wisconsin— Gus Dittrner Augusta, Wis. Worcester County — J. S. Whittemore. . . . Leicester, jNIass. E. D. TOWNSEND, Chairman. WESLEY FOSTER, Director. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 141 J. m. BUCHANAN. Director F. B. CAVANAGH, Director. Prof. WILMON NEWELL, Director. Spring Meetings of the Colorado State Bee-Keepers' Association. The western slope in Colorado is so remote from Denver, where our conventions are held annu- ally, that few of our members there can get to them. A spring meeting of bee-keepers held un- der the auspices of the Colorado State Bee-Keepers' Association is l)eing arranged for the western slope, probably at Delta, and one mav be held at Crand Junction. The meetings will be held in April. Particulars may be had from the secretary, Wesley Fos- ter. Boulder. Notices will be l)rinted in the local papers. Idiese are aimed to be bee-keeping in- stitutes, where discussion and questions will abound. 142 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Massachusetts Society of Bee-Keepers Affiliate With the National. A letter just received from the secretary, Leslie A. M. Stewart, states that the alcove association at their last meetino- ''voted to take necessary steps to become affiliated with the National Ree-Keepers' Association." We are glad to welcome this association to our rap- idly growing family of affiliated associations, formerly known as "branches." By the way, dropping the word "l^ranc!:" and using the words "affiliated association" does not change the relation to the National in the least. The same benefits and rules still hold good. Report of the Convention National Bee-Keepers' Association, Held at Cincinnati, Ohio, Feb. 12 and 13, 1913. President George W. York and Vice-President Alorley Pettit not being present, the meeting was called to order by the Chairman of Directors, E. D. Townsend. Nominations were in order for temporary chairman, and the Rev. E. R. Wagner, of Cincinnati, was appointed temporary chair- man by the delegates. Mr. AA agner gave a sliorf and interesting- introductory talk. Moved hx Hamlin V. Poore. delegate from Minnesota, that a committee of three l)e appointed on credentials l)y the chair. Motii^n seconded. ]\ loved by Dr. E. E. Phillips that the motion be amended to include the Secretarv as an ex-officio member of tlie committee. Amendment seconded and carried. The original motitTu as amended then voted upon and carried. The Chair then appointed Messrs. C. P. Dadant, Ered A\'. Muth and E. P. Cavanagh as Committee on Credentials. Moved by Hamlin V. Poore. delegate of jMinnesota, that the meeting adjourn until 1 p. m. in order that the Credential Com- mittee could pass on the delegates' credentials. Motion seconded and carried. Second session was called to order l)y Chairman Rev. E. R. W^agner at 1 :nO p. m. A report of the Committee on Credentials was asked for. and the report showed the following Branches represented l)y the follow- ing delegates, and the number of votes each delegate was entitled to: Adirondack — Ralph B. Daly, delegate, one vote. Colorado — Wesley Eoster, delegate, two votes. Chicago — North Western — V. B. CaA'anagh, delegate, one vote. Hampshire-Hampden-l^'ranklin — Earl M. Nichols, delegate, one vote. Idaho Ploney Producers" Assn. — J. J. \nderson, delegate, two votes. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW ]43 Illinois — C. P. Dadant. delegate, five votes. Iowa — S. A\. Snyder, delegate, one vote. Indiana — E. A. Dittrich, delegate, two votes. ^Michigan — E. D. Townsend, delegate, two votes, ^.linnesota — Hamlin V. Poore, delegate, one vote. Ohio — C. H. W. Weber, delegate, two votes. Pennsylvania — Dr. H. A. Surface, delegate, five votes. Tennessee — Dr. J. S. Ward, delegate, one vote. \"ermont — P. E. Crane, delegate, one vote. Washington— Wesley Foster, delegate, one vote. Wisconsin — A. A. Allen, delegate, two votes. Worcester County — Dr. B. X. Gates, delegate, one vote. The following Branches were not represented: Arizona, Idaho, ^Missouri, New Jersey, Northern Michigan, Oregon, Pecos Valley, Twin Falls and Texas. Moved that the report of the Credential Committee be accepted and that the committee be continued during the convention. Sec- onded and carried. This was done because the report given above was not all complete at the time the report was made, some dele- gates getting in late and not having their credentials accepted until later. A complete report however is given above. The selection of a permanent chairman of the convention was then taken up, with the result that Dr. B. N. Gates, of Amherst, Mass., was selected as chairman. Dr. Ciates was not present at the time of his selection, so Rev. E. R. \A'agner continued to preside until Dr. Gates arrived, which he did a short time afterwards. The President's report was next on the program, and the Presi- dent not being present, the Secretary read his written report, which is as follows : To the Cincinnati Convention — Greeting : Perhaps it is needless for me to say that I regret ver\- much that I cannot be present at the first delegated convention of the National Bee-Keepers' Asso- ciation. I have not missed an annual meeting of the National for nearly 20 years, until now. But my presence doubtless would not add very much to the value of the deliberations, which I trust will mark a new era in the existence of the Association, as well as in the history of American Apiculture. For years it has been the dream of some of the National's most ardent members that it should some day undertake in some way to help dispose of the honey produced by its membership. This has seemed quite a task, on account of the extensive area over which the Association is scattered. We live in a large country, and honey producers are not so very much bunched together. It is somewhat easier for the orange and lemon growers to organize, for they are confined to practically two states. California and Florida. But the bee-keepers are ereryzvhere. almost. So it has seemed so much more difficult to form any measurably successful co-operation organization to handle the annual output of honey. But I believe the National Association, if given a little more time to perfect some of its plans, will soon be in a position to aid verv materiallv in finding a market for the honey of its affiliated Branches. T!ie apple producers, and growers of other fruits, are experiencing some difficulty in getting adequate returns for their crops, and are finding that they 144 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW will be compelled to "get together" in some strong, united central selling agency, in order to market their products in a way that will let them live. The great trouble is, that there are too many leeches between the producer and the con- sumer. Understand me, I do not mean to say that all middle-men are leeches or parasites, but some of them are. A more direct marketing scheme or plan will have to be originated. The producer is not getting his rightful share of the consumer's dollar. Far too much of it is going for transportation charges, and for handling the products between producer and consumer. This applies also to honey and its producers. One trouble in the past has been that large producers of honey have seemed to think that Chicago and New York were the only cities or markets to which to ship their honey. The result was that so much honey came into those cities that the price was lowered, and the honey prices of those two markets seemed almost to govern everywhere else. There are many smaller markets that have been passed by, which, no doubt, would have taken a fair supply of honey, and at a fairly profitable price. Now, what the National Association proposes to do is to put its affiliated Branches in touch with those neglected markets, and thus keep all more evenly supplied Vi'ith honey. This must be a wise thing to do, and when once in operation should go far toward equalizing the honey crop among the places that will take it at fairly remunerative prices. Another thing that should be done, is to advertise honey. The amount of general ignorance regarding the healthful qualities of honey is indeed most surprising. I dare say not one person in ten knows anything at all about the value of honey as an article of food. Other things have been successfully ad- vertised, hence their sale is greatly increased. One would naturally suppose that butter would need no general publicity in order to sell it, but I have seen certain brands of butter advertised extensively during the past few years. If butter needs advertising, then how much more does honey require it? But of course it takes money to advertise. Still, if every commercial honey producer would contribute only a little to a general advertising fund, you would be surprised how soon it would amount to a respectable fund. Say % cent per pound for extracted and J4 cent for comb, that would be $2.50 for every ton of extracted, and $5.00 for every ton of comb honey. The producer of ten tons of extracted honey would pay only $25.00 as his share of the annual adver- tising fund. The important question of "brand" always appears when it comes to adver- tising any product. But the National Association will likely be able to take care of that matter whenever it comes to it. I wish I could induce every bee-keepers' organization to become a Branch of the National, and send its delegates to the annual meetings, for then, I believe in a few years the National would be in a position to prove to its mem- bership its real value. 'Tn union there is strength." The more local Branches the National has, the stronger it will be, and the more it can do for all. It will then be only a question of time until it can be a power in the marketing of honey, in finding new markets, in advertising honey as a health food, and in doing numberless things for the benefit of honey producers which it cannot do now because of its small resources and limited membership. The present Board of Directors are doing all they can to place the Nat'onal on a firm basis, but they need all the help they can possibly get. They are working on a big problem, and must have the combined wisdom and experience of as many live, progressive, honey producers as they can enlist in behalf of the success of the Association. I hope the Cincinnati convention will mark an epoch in the history of the National Association, and that in the very near future will be seen just how great things it can do for the upbuilding and extension of bee-keeping and. honey production in America. With high hopes for a larger success and development in the business of honey production, on account of the efforts of the National Bee-Keepers' Asso- ciation, and with a deep appreciation of the honor it has conferred upon me as THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 145 its president for live years in all, I bid you Godspeed in your worthy efforts, and have only hearty good wishes for a most harmonious and successful meeting in Cincinnati. Fraternally yours. George W. York, President. Sandpoint, Idaho, Jan. 31, 1913. Moved by Mr. Uittrich, delegate, of Indiana, that we accept the President's report, and that the Secretary be instructed to send him a letter of thanks. Seconded and carried. \'ice-President's report was next in order, and the following letter was read by the Secretary which was received from the Vice- President that dav stating his inability to be present. The letter is as follows : Feb. 10, 1913. Mr. E. B. Tyrrell, Grand Hotel, Cincinnati. Ohio. Dear Mr. Tyrrell. I regret exceedingly that unforseen circumstances make it impossible for me to be with you at the Convention. Had everything ready to start this morning but was unavoidably detained. I hope you have a very successful convention and that you will remember me to the friends I expected to meet. Yours truly MORLEY PeTTIT. The next in order was the Secretary's report which was pre- sented in writing, and covers the period of time beginning Jan. 1, 1912. and ending Feb. 1, 1913: In submitting this, my first annual report, to you since the adoption by the National of the new Constitution. I wish to thank each and every member for the encouraging words and liberal help that have been given me. I also wish to especially thank the Secretaries of the various Branches for the kind letters sent me and for iheir willingness to co-operate in making the new plans of the National a success. It is also a pleasure to thank the officers and the Directors of the Association who have devoted untiring and unselfish efforts in your behalf, and it is only by the co-operation of these members and officers tliat I have been able to bring to yoti the encouraging report which I am here submitting for your attention. On January 23, 1912. the new Directors of the Association met in Detroit and there considered plans for the years work. Owing to the limited finances they were prevented from authorizing very extensive efforts being made this year. I outlined to your Directors a plan for selling honey in a co-operative way, the selling agencies to be established in several important cities in the United States and Canada. This plan was approved by the Directors, and I fully intended to put it into operation this year, but circumstances which I will mention later prevented. The Directors at that meeting took up the question of furnishing the members honey packages, and I was authorized to secure the best prices possible consistent with the goods furnished for the members. Representatives of two leading can factories visited my office and submitted propositions. For several reasons I finally gave the contract to the National Can Company, of Detroit. Michigan. I wish to say that the National Can Company is an independent concern, and is not the National Can Company, of Baltimore, Maryland, with which a great many members have it conflicted. I asked for certain specifications and made a 146 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW contract with this company to furnish us cans according to the specifications named. In the past bee-keepers had no way of knowing what the proper size for a full sixty pound can was, and what weight of tin it should be made of, and the result was that we found many packages in use that were light weight in tin and short in capacity, so that they did not hold the full sixty pounds of honey. I also found that many shipping cases for sixty-pound cans were made of thin material, and the cases were badly smashed in shipping. The quality of the cans furnished this year has been excellent, and 1 have had many words of praise from our customers. According to the Directors' instructions I also took up the question of glass packages for our members, but I found that this was a subject that was nmch harder to handle than the tin packages. Glass factories do so much car- load business that they seem to look with disfavor on the small shipments. My first agreement was with a glass factory through their Detroit representative, and in a short time after beginning to send the orders, they refused to accept them on the grounds that they were not large enough. Later I made another agreement with another factory, and in a short time had a similar difficulty with them, but succeeded in still getting the glass packages by sending in a stock order, having a certain number of packages made up to be held subject to our future orders. I am frank to say that the sale of glass packages has not lieen what I had hoped it would be, and I am not very optimistic over this particular line of goods for the members. At the same time I believe it would be advisable to furnish our members glass packages until we know positively the amount of business that can be expected from that source. We have sold during the year $3,535.11 worth of tm and glass packages. Of this amount $3,159.07 represents our sales of tin packages. We have furnished our members the five-gallon square can, packed two in a case; the same kind packed singly; the same kind packed in crates of fifty; the ten-pound friction top pail; the five-pound friction top pail, and in a few cases a three-pound friction top can. No orders have been received for slip cover paih. and I would not recommend the listing of slip cover pails another year. These slip cover pails are similar to the pails you purchase lard in from your local grocery, and are not suitable, in my estimation, for shipping honey. During the early part of the year, I saw that my work as publisher of the Bee-Keeper's Review, running it as a private business, would conflict very much with my work as Secretary of the National Association. I also found that there was considerable confusion among the National members regarding the change in membership from 50 cents to $1.00, and also with reference to the establish- ment of National Branches. I saw very plainly that the Association needed an official organ of its own, and naturally it occurred to me that if the National would purchase the Review, much better results could be obtained. W'hether I was right in my deductions or not I am willing to leave to you for your decision after hearing the financial report which I will give you shortly, and also after discussing the matter fully at this Convention. Whatever decision is finally made by the delegates I assure you that 1 shall try to help you carry it out. The proposition of purchasing the Review was made to the Directors, by mail, and it required considerable correspondence before an agreement was finally reached. Before proceeding further it will be well perhaps to give you a general finan- cial statement of the work for the past year. On January 1st there was in the National treasury, according to a report sent me by Treasurer France, $28.09. I wish to say in connection with this that several of the State Associations, after the Minneapolis meeting, sent notices to their members that if they renewed membership prior to January 1st. they could do so at the rate of fifty cents per member, and this brought in a large number of renewals at the fifty cent rate, which it was necessary to use in clearing up the business for the year previous, so that while we only had $28.09 to begin the year on, we also had a large num- ber of members who had paid their membership fee. From January 1st until May we collected in membership fees $273.59 ; our expenses during that time were $222.75, so that at the time of purchasing the Review, which really took THR BEE-KLEI'LRS- REVIEW 147 place May 1st, although the contract was dated June 1st. we had $50.84 on hand. You must remember that the Review was purchased at a time of the year when it is supposed that a publication will hardly pay expenses, because the renewals are at that time practically all in and the only source of income is the advertising and the new subscribers, and what few renewals there may be at that time of the year. You will remember in this respect, that one of the other bee journals mentioned editorially that po.ssibly the Directors might have to go down in their pockets and tide the Review over a hard time, but I am pleased to state to you that we have conducted the business during the year, paid all our bills as they came due. and the Directors have not had to advance one cent towards the main- tenance of the Review. I regret very much that the Directors, who so kindly and loyally came to Detroit for a Directors' meeting in January, have not had their expenses of that trip paid, but I hope we will be in a position in a very short time to take care of those outstanding accounts. At the Directors' meeting there were also two law suits presented to them for consideration, and they voted that the National should pay these suits on the same basis as previous suits had been paid, which was one-half of the actual expenses involved. One of these claims was presented by H. G. Sibbald, of Claude, Ontario, and the amount paid him was $18.64; the other was by George Laing. of Toronto. Ontario, and the amount paid him was i!^29.()3. Income. Ilalance on hand January 1st, 1912 $ 28.09 Membership fees 24.5.50 Subscriptions ; 2,036.17 Advertising 883.15 Miscellaneous 243.40 $3,436.31 DiSBUK.SEMENTS. Printing $1,732.67 Office fixtures and supplies • 101.46 Postage and mailing Review 372.86 Law suits 48.27 Secretary's commissions 696.82 Engravings for Review 149,47 Stenographer 157.98 Expenses Secretary attending convention 32.90 Envelopes for mailing Review 58.01 Princ'pal and interest paid in cash on Review 158.63 Miscellaneous 84.12 Total $2,993.19 $2,993.19 Balance on hand $ 443.12 The above financial report will be more encouraging when you realize that in addition to paying the current expenses throughout the year, there has l)een $300.00 paid on the purchase price of the Bee-Keepers' Review, which was ?1,000.00, leaving a balance yet to be paid of $700.00. In addition to the $300.00 paid on the Review, there has also been paid over $100.00 in office furniture, which includes a filing case and an Underwood typewriter. The typewriter has not yet been paid for in full as it was purchased on the contract plan. This makes a total of over $400.00 paid by the Association during the year for articles which it has on hand at present. At the January meeting tlie Directors passed a resolution that the Secretary be instructed to correspond with the contributors of the League Fund where more than $25.00 had been contributed, asking their consent to transfer the League Fund to the general fund. My letter to the dififerent contributors read as follows: "Would you have objections to the part your Company contributed to the League Fund being turned over to the General Fund of the National Association? I am writing you as one of the contributors, according to direc- 148 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW tions given me by the Board of Directors." With but one exception every con- tributor written to, and I have copies of their letters on tile for your inspection, agreed to the turning over of this fund without any qualifications whatever. The objection was really a suggestion that the amount be borrowed from the League Fund mstead of being turned over without any restrictions. This suggestion was put up to the Chairman of the Directors by me and I am not sure but what he referred it to the other Directors, with the result that the arrangement was per- fectly satisfactory, and Treasurer France was notified by the Chairman to turn over the fund. At that time I drew orders on the treasury for the Directors' expenses in attending the meeting in Detroit last January, but Treasurer France refused to turn over the fund, stating that he had no right to do so. In further communi- cation with Treasurer France I asked him if the League Fund was ever in the control of the National Association or simply in the hands of a special committee, stating that I felt if the x^ssociation controlled that fund that he was assuming no obligations or risk in following the instructions given him by the Directors, and that if any one was censured for the transfer, it would be the directors and not him. Flis reply to that letter read, in part, as follows: August 12th, 1912. Mr. E. B. Tyrrell, Detroit, Alich. Sir. :— Your favor just received and T will say in Ijrief the League Fund never was a part of the treasury of the National Bee-Keepers' Association. Dec. 20, 1905, Chicago, the League Fund was transferred to a committee of three with strict instructions what it was raised for and by whom, and with certain conditions said committee was to accept it and use it. Pages 148-149 of 1905 report, also page 151, Mr. Miller in charge of the League Fund, said, "That the monev was handed to us for the express purpose which I mentioned to you— to BE USED FOR ADVERTISING. If you won't take this gift on our terms, we won't give it." President York then put it to vote of the member? attending the meeting. Rising vote declared carried unanimously. In short time the League Fund was placed in the special committee's hands and as Chairman of said committee was placed under .SI, 000 bond to safely handle the same. I never was allowed to keep it as a part of treasury of the N. B. K. A., and never so reported it in annual reports. Several times when the N. B. K. A. treasury was without funds, I have loaned the needed amount without interest until same could be spared, but never have I allowed the League F"und to be drawn on only for purposes as instructed. Said committee have no right to loan the funds, and as soon as Mr. Tavlor is able to attend to business we will look after using the balance still in the committee's hands. Said committee was appointed by Pres- ident York, Gen. Manager France, Secretary Hutchinson and Chairman of Di- rectors Taylor. Now, Mr. Tyrrell, I am doing my duty witl: the League Fund, and I hope you and Directors of the New N. B. K. A. do not think I do not want to help the new treasury or to see it doing much more for its members than the old association did in its handicapped condition. N. E. France. Believing that Mr. France was acting conscientiously in the matter and not wishing to stir up dissension among the officers, the matter was dropped, and the League Fund has been in the treasury while the Directors have been out their expenses. From the above letter it would appear that according to Mr. France's interpretation the League Fund never was in the hands of the National Association. I must confess that I cannot agree with him in the posi- tion he takes, but I cannot help but feel that he is honest in his belief in the matter as it does not seem possible that a man who has worked so hard for the National in the past would attempt to lilock its progress at this time. I am equally frank to say that the attitude taken by Mr. France has prevented some things being done this year, for had the fund been available it was my intention THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 149 to visit some of the leading cities and make arrangements for selling agencies for our product to be established. With reference to the change in Constitution, will sa\- that there has, of course, been a great deal of misunderstanding on the part of the membership ; some objection has been raised, but there has been a good deal more approval than there has criticism. There are some things, however, which should be changed at this meeting, and these will have the attention of the delegates later. There has been some opposition on the part of some State Associations with reference to their becoming members of the National, but I feel confident that this has been mainly through a misunderstanding of just what we are trying to do and how we are doing it. J feel that the National laws should be made so they will not conflict in any way with the laws of the various local State Branches; at the same time these different Branches should conform to the rules necessary to successfully conduct a National Organization. Some of the Associations that held out at first have since become Branches, and I am pleased to say that I have an Association waiting now, the Northern California Association, that will be recorded as a Branch in the March number of the Review, but is waiting the action of the delegates at this meeting to know whether all of their members can be considered Branch members, as per proposed amendment. Section 2, of Article IV, or whether they will be required to do as one other Association has done — organize a separate Association to act as a National Branch. During the past year, according to resolutions adopted by the Directors, I have listed as National Branches those societies v,fhose officers have agreed to act as National officers until their next regular meeting when tlie matter could be definitely settled. This was done as members were coming in from these places where Branches had not been established, sending their National and Branch fees, which made it necessary for me to turn this money over to some other National Branch instead of to the Branch in their State or Province. This is particularly true of the Ontario Branch, and I wish to mention in this respect that I understand I was criticised at the New York State meeting by an Ontario bee-keeper, and possibly by others for publishing the name of the Ontario Asso- ciation as a National Branch when they had not taken legal action. I offer the above explanation as my reasons for doing this, and will say that during the year I have sent to their Secretary, Mr. P. W. Hodgetts, quite a number of fifty cent memberships that otherwise would not have gone into the treasury of the Ontario Association, but would have been turned over to some other Branch. My first letter to the Secretary of the Northern California Association when they Avrote me that they had voted to become a Branch contained a check for $5.00 for memberships received from that and nearby states not having a Branch, received just a few days prior to getting their letter, which I had not yet sent to other Branches. By the above j^ou can see that there has been no intention to deceive the public b}^ printing these names as National Branches, but rather a desire to assist them and maintain the National members through their Branches to the financial benefit of these local Associations. These rules were all published in the July Review on page 267. For the future I wish to say that to me, at least, the outlook is bright. Members everywhere are beginning to understand better the work of the Asso- ciation under the new laws, and many new ones are sending in their support in the way of subscriptions. The subscription income to the Review was almost doubled during January of 191.3 to what it was in January, 1912. Our subscrip- tion list also is in a great deal better condition for since purchasing the Review I have been gradually weeding out all subscriptions past due, until now my list is strictly a paid-in-advance subscription list, with the exception of those who have written in asking that the Review be continued and that they would send their subscription remittance later. Considering the amount of packages we have sold to our members in a local way last year and remembering that not a single shipment excepting a local shipment was made, and realizing that all of these customers were pleased with the goods sent them, many having written me words of approval and stating what thev had made by purchasing from the National, it is reasonable to expect a much larger business along this line during 1913 ; besides, I have received a 150 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW number of letters asking for prices on carlots, which shows an awakening interest along this line. In the sale of honey 1 did not succeed in establishing the plan I desired, but in order to do something I did the best I could and tried to bring buyer and consumer closer together through correspondence. I have letters stating where this effort has lieen instrumental in selling several carloads of honey, and when we can get selling agencies established there is no reason why we cannot direct the shipment of a good many cars annually. This should be done not with an idea of getting into the honey business from a business standpoint, but with the idea of establishing agencies which will be under the direct control of the Association. To do this we must incorporate, and I have advice from a prominent Detroit attorney stating that we can incorporate as a Co-Operative Association without capital if we wish, and still be enabled to do business along the lines we are attempting. With reference to the sale of bee supplies, I am frank to say that I do not feel this should be undertaken to any extent, excepting by the establishment of co-operative agencies through the different National Branches, wherever a Branch is incorporated or is in a position to finance its purchases. Then if it will turn over its purchasing to the National Association (and this is done by a number of Branches) the added power placed in the hands of the National in this way should enable it to get the very best prices and the very best service. This should be done without thought of profit but with the desire to serve, and I feel that the only true co-operative plan to handle this business is for these local Branches to charge the regular retail price, go out after the business the same as a profit concern, and then distribute the profits back to the stock- holders or members after paying a reasonable interest on th,e capital stock, these profits to be distributed according to the amount of bu^siness done by the member with the Association. One of the dangers which faces the National at this time is the possible attempt it may make to do too many things, and to accomplish too much with the means it has. The members should be patient as long as we are making growth and advancement, for the more members we have the greater good can we accomplish for each member, and it seems to me that the best method of obtaining this growth is by assisting every National Branch and striving all together to build up the membership through the cir- culation of the Bee-Keepees' Review, the National's official organ. Please remember when I say this that I am not talking" from a personal motive, because the Review belongs to you, and you as delegates representing your members who have sent you here, have absolute power to say who rules the Review, who shall be your officers, and what your policy shall be. In no other way with our membership so scattered can each individual member be so trul}'- represented as by the plan of having you come here with full power to vote on these questions, for them. Let me assure you that the entire respon- sibility of this Association rests today on your shoulders, and what you decide at this meeting will determine the policies of the Association the coming year. If I, as your Secretary, have not been following the work along the lines you feel is advisable, then I shall expect you to tell me so and to point out the things you would like to have done. Whether I am your Secretary next year, or not, which will depend on your vote at this meeting, I assure you that the Association has my support and I shall gladly turn over to my successor every- thing possible to help him in his work and offer such advice as it may be possible for me to give him. Personally I feel that the Association is greater than any individual and that it must be considered at all times ahead of an officer. The above report I present to you for your careful and earnest consideration. jMoved bv ^Tr. Dittrich, deleoate, of Indiana Branch, that the Secretary \s report be acce])ted and placed on file. Seconded and car- ried. Following- the,. Secretary's report came a vigorous discussion by the delegates with reference to the powers of the directors to enter into the purchase of the Rkview for the Association. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 151 ]\Ir. Cavanagh, delegate, of Chicago-Xorthwestern Branch, pre- sented some strong arguments as to why in his opinion the REViiiw should not have been purchased, and asked for further information. ]\Ir. J. J. Anderson, delegate, of Idaho Hone}- I'roducers' Asso- ciation, entered a vigorous defense of the directors regarding the purchase of the Review. Dr. E. F. Phillips, Dr. H. A. Surface, and others, entered into the discussion, some favoring and others ques- tioning the action of the directors in purchasing the Bee-Keepers' Rexiew. The discussion was not entered into at length at this time as it would come up again when the proposed changes in the con- stitution were taken up, so the Treasurer's report was called for. This was read by Director E. D. Townsend, and is as follows: INCOME. 1912 Jan. 1 From former N. B. K. A $ 28.09 Feb. 2 From E. B. Tvrrell 57.00 2 From E. B. Tyrrell 15.00 15 From E. B. Tyrrell 14.50 Mar. 7 From E. B. Tyrrell 93.00 17 From E. B. Tyrrell 15.00 28 From E. B. Tyrrell 14.00 Apr. 1 From E. B. Tyrrell 5.00 16 From E. B. Tyrrell 31.00 May 17 From E. B. Tyrrell 64.15 24 F"rom E. B. Tyrrell 65.27 27 From E. B. Tyrrell 50.30 June 4 From E. B. Tyrrell 58.50 12 From E. B. Tyrrell 57.54 July 8 From E. B. Tyrrell 206.62 27 From E. B. Tyrrell 170.27 .Aug. 5 From E. B. Tyrrell 127.79 20 I-^rom E. B. Tyrrell 188.39 Sept. 9 From T. B. Tyrrell 120.69 " 16 From E. B. Tyrrell 88.42 Oct. 4 From E. B. Tyrrell 198.35 21 From E. B. Tyrrell 130.77 Nov. 7 From E. B. Tyrrell 156.11 22 From E. B. Tyrrell 179.40 Dec. 6 From E. B. Tyrrell 117.40 21 From E. B. Tyrrell 159.13 " 30 From E. B. Tyrrell 229.66 1913 Jan. 7 From E. B. Tyrrell 173.08 13 From E. B. Tyrrell 196.95 25 From E. B. Tyrrell 220.61 $3,231.99 DISBURSEMENTS. Order No. 1 Feb. 6 GfcL,. Drake & Co $53 51 2 " 6 E. B. Tvrrell 6 95 3 Mar. 11 E. B. Tyrrell 21.62 4 " 11 Geo. Drake & Co 19 17 5 " 20 Chas. F. May Co 5.00 152 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW G Mar. 20 E. B. Tvrrell 50.00 7 " 20 J. M. Buchanan 2.50 8 " 27 N. E. France (postage) 2.00 y Apr. 3 Remus State Bank (Bond of Treas. ) 5.00 10 " 23 Chas. F". Mav Co 25.00 11 " 23 E. B. Tyrrell 32.00 12 May 9 Chas. F. May Co 13.00 13 ■' ' 9 T. Printery 5.00 14 " 9 Gregory, Maver & Thorn 1.85 15 " 9 E. B. Tvrreil 7.75 16 " 24 E.B.Tyrrell 10.00 17 " 24 M. J. Elton 10.00 18 " 24 Detroit Mailing Co 9.14 19 " 24 M. T. Elton 6.00 20 June 17 M. J. Elton 6.00 21. 22, 23. 34, 25 Delegates expenses to Detroit Meeting January, 1912. (Not Paid). 1913 26 Feb. 3 E. B. Tyrrell 33.88 1912 27 Dec. "30 H. G. Sibbald 18.64 28 " 30 George Laing 29.63 29 June 5 E. B. Tyrrell . . 25.25 30 '• 5 E. B. Tvrrell 10.00 31 •' 5 M. J. Elton 6.00 32 " 5 Detroit Engraving Co 16.75 33 " 5 George Drake 1.95 34 " 5 Chas. F. Mav Co 126.50 35 ■' 17 E. B. Tyrrell 59.55 36 '• 1 9 M. T. Elton 6.00 37 " 19 E. B". Tyrrell 10.00 38 Tuly 1 Detroit Mailing Co 14.39 39 " 15 E. B. Tyrrell 20.00 40 " 15 Chas. F. May Co 127.75 41 •' 15 Detroit Engraving Co 32.29 42 " 27 Detroit Mailing Co 12.37 43 " 27 E. B. Tvrrell 66.04 44 " 28 E. B. Tyrrell 50.00 45 Aug. 12 Chas. F. May Co 139.50 46 " 12 Detroit Engraving Co 15.31 47 " 12 Detroit Mailing Co 11.48 48 " 12 George Drake Co 1.65 49 •• 12 N. E. France (postage) 2.00 50 " 28 E. B. Tvrrell 43.00 51 •' 28 E. B. Tvrrell 20.00 52 " 28 E. B. Tyrrell 74.51 53 Sept. 9 Chas. F. May Co 133.75 54 " 9 Detroit Engraving Co 12.25 55 " 9 Pay to Cash 10.00 56 " 18 Detroit Mailing Co 8.78 57 •' 18 E. B. Tvrrell 77.27 58 Oct. 17 Chas. F. May Co 149.25 59 " 17 Underwood Typewriter Co 10.00 60 " 17 George Drake 1.75 61 " 17 Mrs. E. J. McLean 5.00 62 " 17 E. F. Atwater 9.00 63 " 17 E. B. Tvrrell 30.00 64 " 21 T.B.Tyrrell 71.69 65 " 21 Detroit Engraving Co 21.00 66 " 21 Detroit Mailing Co 7.92 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 153 ^u Nov. 1 5 Detroit Mailing Co 7.49 G8 " 15 Union Paper Co 4.90 69 " 15 Detroit Engraving Co 21.75 70 •' 15 Mrs. E. J. McLean 12.00 71 " 15 Chas. F. May Co 1 14.50 72 " . 15 Gregory, Mayer & Thom Co l.oO 73 " 15 Business Institute .96 74 " 15 Beecher. Peck & Lewis 2.25 75 " 15 E. B. Tvrrell 20.00 76 " 29 E. B. Tyrrell 71.72 77 " 29 Underwood Typewriter Co 10.00 78 " 29 E. B. Tvrrell 6.55 79 " 29 Envelope Co.— E. B. Tyrrell 32.76 80 Dec. 10 Chas. F. May Co 138.00 81 •' 10 Detroit Engraving Co 20.62 82 " 10 Mrs. E. J. McLean 15.00 83 " 10 Business Institute 3.26 84 " 21 E. B. Tyrrell 74.20 85 " 21 Detroit Mailing Co 7.29 1913 86 Jan. 8 Chas. F. May Co 133.75 87 " 8 Detroit Engraving Co 9.50 88 " 8 Mrs E. J. McLean 28.98 89 " 8 Underwood Tvpewriter Co 20.75 90 " 8 E. B. Tvrrell 140.47 91 " S E. B. Tvrrell 75.00 92 " 16 E. B. Tyrrell 14.74 93 " 16 E. B. Tyrrell (Principal on Note) 125.62 94 " 16 E. B. Tyrrell (Interest on Note) 4.13 95 " 16 E. B. Tyrrell (Interest on Note) 28.88 96 Feb. 3 Wesley Foster 20.00 97 " 3 E. D. Townsend 20.75 98 " 3 E. B. Tvrrell 16.20 99 " 3 E. B. Tyrrell 10.15 To checks to Feb. 4 $3,027.06 Cash on hand Feb. 4 $ 204.93 (Note — The Treasurer's balance was made at a different date from the Secretary's balance, there being one deposit check in the mails, which had not reached the Treasurer, and also some orders included above, sent after February first, which accounts for difference in balance in the Treasurer's and Secretary's figures.) ]\Ioved that the Treasurer's report be accepted as read atid placed on file. Seconded and carried. Moved by Dr. J. S. Ward, delegate, of Tennessee Branch, that the Treasurer's report be referred to an auditing- committee. Motion seconded. Secretary Tyrrell at this point stated that if the Treas- urer's report was to be referred to an auditing committee, it was no more than fair that the Secretary's report be also referred to an auditing committee, as both of them had to deal with the financial affairs of the Association. After some discussion by the delegates, Dr. Ward, with the consent of the second, withdrew his motion. The directors' report was made by Chairman E. D. Townsend, stating verbally some of the things accomplished by the Directors, 154 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW and giving a written report consisting of the rules adopted during the year, which are as follows: No. 1. — Resolution passed that the Board recommend that Article 1 of the Constitution be amended at the next annual meeting, changing the name of the Association so that it will indicate the Association as National in character. No. 2. — Resolution passed that where membership remittances are sent direct to the Secretary that he place such members in the nearest National branch to that member. No. 3.- — Resolution passed that a meeting be held in the fall of 1912 in Cin- cinnati, Ohio, at a date satisfactory to Cmcinnati bee-keepers and that the Feb- ruary, 1913, meeting be held in Washington, D. C. No. 4. — Resolution passed that the lirst National Bank of Plattville, Wis., be made the depository for the funds of the National Bee-Keepers' Association. No. 5. — Resolution passed that the Secretary be authorized to draw orders on the Treasurer, the same to be countersigned by the Chairman of the Board of Directors and then to be paid by the Treasurer. No. G. — Resolution passed that the remittances for dues should be sent lirst to the Secretary and by him turned over to the Treasurer. No. 7. — Resolution passed that the bonds of the Treasurer-General Manager be placed at $1,000 for this year, carried in a bonding company, and be paid for by the Association. No. 8. — Resolution passed t^bat the date in I'ebruary of the Washington meeting be left to the Legislative Committee, and tliat the Board hereby approve such date as will be selected. No. 9. — Resolution passed that the Secretary be instructed to ask for a crop report from all members of the Association. No. 10. — Resolution passed that the Division of Apiary Culture, Bureau of Entomology, Department of Agriculture, at Washington, D. C, be requested to render such assistance as they may be able to give to secure a honey crop report. No. 11. — Resolution passed that the Secretary be instructed to make the best arrangement possible for furnishing honey shipping packages to members of the Association. No. 12. — Resolution passed that the Association adopt the co-operative method of directing the sales of its members' honey. No. 13. — Resolution passed that a sum of money not to exceed $100 for ofHce fixtures be allowed. No. 14. — Resolution passed that as soon as funds are available cases of H. G. Sibbald of Toronto, Ontario, and George Laing of Milton West, Ontario, be settled for by the Association paying the customary amount. No. 15. — Resolution passed that the expenses of Officers and Directors at- tending the January meeting be allowed and paid as soon as there is sufficient funds in the treasury for so doing. No. 16. — Resolution passed that the Chairman of the Board of Directors take up with Mr. N. E. P'rance the question of his salary. No. 17. — Resolution passed that stationery and postage of Officers and Direc- tors be furnished for their business connected with the Association. No. 18. Resolution passed that the Secretary be instructed to correspond with the contributers of the League Fund where more than $2.5 had been con- tributed, asking their consent to transfer the League Fund to the General Fund. No. 19. — That no 1912 meeting of the National Bee-Keepers' Association be held this year. No. 20. — Resolved, that two additional Editors of the Review be appointed by the Board of Directors, to serve until the Delegate meeting in February, 1913, or until their successors shall be elected; be it further Resolved, that it shall be the duty of the two last mentioned Editors to take full charge of, and pass upon all manuscript published in the Review, and do any other work naturally falling upon an Editor, except as Managing Editor; be it further Resolved, that all_ three Editors shall have use of the Editorial department of the Review, each signing his name or initials to his individual editorial. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 155 ^foved that the report of the directors be accepted and filed. Seconded and carried. At this point Air. T'red \\\ Muth presented to the convention an invitation in behalf of the Cincinnati Board of Commerce to take a trc^llev ride over the city, visiting several points of interest. Gloved by Hamlin \\ Poore, delegate, of ^Minnesota Branch, that the invitation be accepted, and that the ride he taken the afternoon of Feb. 13. Seconded and carried. The report of the Legislative Committee was next in order, but the Secretary having no report sent him by that committee, was unable to render a report. Later on at the convention, Editor E. R. Root, of Glcaiiiiii^s in Bcc Ciiltiirc, gave a brief, verbal report of what had been done l:)y the Legislative Committee according to his understanding. One of the important things was the securing by the committee of consent from the authorities at Washington, to send out "boiler plate" matter to newspapers all over the country telling of the dangerous bee diseases, and giving warning to the public. This was later done, and the result was that a great many papers pub- lished these articles, which certainly was valuable to the bee-keepers of the country. The chairman announced at this time that it would be in order to take up the proposed amendments. The Secretary asked that we take up proposed amendment Xo. T, covering Section 1, of Article IX. The amendment is as follows: "Article IX. Section 1. The Bee-Keepers' Review, a monthly publication, shall be ptiblished by this Association as its official organ." ?iIotion made l)y Dr. J. S. \\'ard, delegate, of Tennessee Branch, that we take up the discussion of this amendment at this time. Sec- onded and carried. Dr. H. A. Surface, delegate of Pennsylvania Branch, spoke in fa\or of postponing the action on this section at this time owing to its importance. He further stated that there was considerable dis- satisfaction among the members at large, owing to the action for- merly taken by the Directors, and he felt this matter shinild have careful consideration before any action was taken. Director Foster, delegate for Colorado and ^^'as]^ington Branches, spoke at this time, giving his reasons as to why he favored the pur- chase of the Bee-Keepers' Review by the Association. He stated that the Review had helped greatly in getting members in the west. Chairman Townsend, of the Directors, stated that the Directors had assumed considerable responsibility in the purchase of the Reviev;, but that the Directors had felt it was advisal)le after giving the mat- ter careful and deliberate consideration. Ralph B. Dalv. delegate of Adirondack Branch, stated that he 156 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW considered the Directors bought the Rex'iew with full authority ac- cording- to the constitution, and that the Association needed the Review. Dr. E. F. Phillips, of A\"ashington. spoke with reference to the action of the Directors, giving several criticisms with reference to the purchase of the Review, among them being as follows: First, that we are now Avithout any funds ; second, criticised the editorial policy with reference to some of the articles pul:)lished during the past year, and third, that it was not necessary to buy a paper in or- der to start one for the Association. These suggestions were later put in the form of questions to be referred to a committee. Mr. Morris, of Ohio, spoke in favor of the Review as the official organ of the National, stating that it had been the means of getting many new members to the (3hio Branch. He stated that the aver- age apiary in Ohio contained only five colonies of bees, and that the official organ is an inducement to get and hold members in their Association. He stated that the official proceedings can be printed in the Review. Mr. F. B. Cavanagh, delegate of Chicago-Xorthwestern Branch, stated that it was the opinion of the members of the Chicago-North- western Branch that it was a mistake to purchase the Bee-Keepers' Review, and that it is first necessary to settle the question whether the Directors had authority to purchase the Review. He stated that the members of his l)ranch thought that ]yy not publishing in one volume the report of the National Conventions a great deal would be lost. He favored the old plan of price bulletins issued l\v Mr. France, and thought this was sufficient without the publication of an official journal. Mr. J. J- A.nderson, delegate of Idaho Honey Producers' Asso- ciation, spoke vigorously in favor of the Review as an official organ, and the Aalue of it to tlie Association, stating that if an annual re- port once a year is good, a report once a month is certainly l^etter. He said that "we are questioning the authority of the Board of Directors in purchasing the Ricn'iew," and asked pointedly what we have them for. He emphatically anproA'ed the action of the Direc- tors in purchasing the Review. Dr. E. F. Phillips suggested that the Directors explain how tlie Association expenses will be financed. Secretary Terrell stated at this time that one of the values of the Review to the Association was in it furnishing the means of com- munications l)y and between the members ; that it helped build the local branches, and that by increasing the circulation enough profit should be made from the puldication of the Review to do the other business that should be done l)y the Association. He explained that the receipts from advertising contributed largely towards the ex- pense of publishing the Review and that part of the subscription THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 157 money was profit which with an increased circulaticm would finance the National Association. P. E. Crane, delegate of \'erniont Branch, spoke, stating that he would like to know whether the Directors had a right to buy the Rkview or not. Mr. Hamlin A'. Poore, delegate of [Minnesota Branch, stated that he was sorry there was a discussion regarding the question. Mr. Poore was not in favor of establishing an official organ at this time ; he recommended that some provision should be made for life mem- bership. The ciuestion came up as to why some members of the National did not receive the Review during the past year. Secre- tary Tyrrell explained that owing to the regulations of the postal authorities, the Review had to maintain a subscription list, and that where membership had been paid in to the National prior to the pur- chase of the Review, we would be conflicting with the postal laws in sending the Review to those members, but as fast as these mem- bers renewed membership, sending in their $1.00 to this office, as subscription, and paying the local membership branch fee of 50 cents, they were placed on the subscription list, and the Review sent them. Dr. H. A. Surface asked what the Review will give the members that the other bee journals would not give. The Secretary explained that it would be hardly fair to expect the other journals to carry the National's advertising or to publish many reports and notices that should go to the members. Prof. Surface thought that the former bulletin issued by the Association would supply this need. ^Ir. Bailey stated that he considered it a good business proposi- tion in that the Review had during the past year put over $4:00.00 in the depleted treasury. Mr. J. J. Anderson, delegate of Idaho Honey Producers' Asso- ciation, again called attention to the value of a publication going twelve times a year to the members in preference to once a 3-ear, and called attention to other organizations having their official or- gans, together with the advantages of such. He asked if the Direc- tors had no authority to take the action they did. what use there was in electing directors. He approved the purchase of the journal, not only as a means of communication between the members but as the means of providing revenue for the Association. Motion made by Mr. Anderson, delegate of Idaho Ploney Pro- ducers' Association, that the proposed amendment of Article IX, Section 1, be accepted. This motion was later withdrawn, and the following motion presented instead: Moved by Dr. H. A. Surface, delegate of Pennsylvania, that Article IX, Section 1, be referred to a committee of five to be ap- 158 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW pointed by the cliair. and to report at the morning session. Seconded and carried. The chair then appointed the following members on that com- mittee: Delegates Dr. H. A. Surface, F. B. Cavanagh, A. C. Allen, E. D. Townsend and Earl M. Xichols. Dr. Gates, chairman, then called on Mr. Dadant to take the chair while he retired and arranged the committees. Dr. H. A. Surface was then called upon to give a talk on the value of clover to bee-keepers. He responded by giving an excellent and interesting address on this subject. Among other things he stated that crimson clover was his main honey plant and main clover crop. Dr. Gates then took the chair and appointed the following com- mittees : Committee on Resolutions : C. H. ^^^ \\>ber, Ohio Branch ; S. \\\ Snyder, Iowa Branch ; E. D. Townsend, [Michigan Branch. Auditing Committee: E. D. Townsend, Michigan Branch; P. E. Crane, A'ermont Branch ; E. A. Dittrich, Indiana Branch. Policy and Extension Committee: A. C. Allen, A\'isconsin Branch : J. J. Anderson, Idaho Honey Producers' Association ; Ralph B. Daly. Adirondack Branch ; Dr. J. S. A\'ar(l, Tennessee Branch ; Hamlin \". Poore, [Minnesota Branch. Committee on Constitution : C. P. Dadant, Illinois Branch ; Wesley Foster, Colorado and \\'ashington Branches ; Dr. H. A. Sur- face, Pennsylvania Branch ; F. B. Cavanagh, Chicago-Xorthwestern Branch ; E. D. Townsend, [Michigan Branch. [Meeting adjourned at 4:45 p. m. to again meet at T :00 p. m. for the evening session. EVEXIXG SESSIOX. Evening session called to order l)y Chairman Dr. B. X'. Gates, at T :15 p. m. The question as to Avhether the Xational should be incor])orated came up for a discussion. Secretary Tyrrell was asked to explain concerning it. Fie stated that the incorporation of the Xational would be merely a means of protection to the membership ; that as it now stood, according to [Michigan laws, and he believed this ap- plied to the general law, that the Association was simply a large body of partners, and that any one member financially responsible could be sued for the debts of the Association; that wliere a body was incorporated it then was recognized by law the same as an individual, could do business, sue and be sued, and the individual members would not be personally responsible. Outside of this pro- tection to the members there is no real advantage in incorporating, THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 159 Init as a protection it seemed to the Secretary the incorporation was advisable. He exphiined further that under the hiws of Michigan the Asso- ciation could be incorporated without capital stock, and still be per- mitted to do business and own property. After some discussion it was moved by J. J. Anderson, delegate of the Idaho Honey Pro- ducers' Association Branch, that the matter of incorporation of the National be referred to a committee of three appointed by the chair. Mr. Foster was on the program for the first address of tlie even- ing, but being" busy on committee work at the time, the address on "Why the Production of Comb Honey Should Be Increased," by Ernest Root, of Medina, Ohio, was given. yiv. Root prefaced his address by comments on the shipping cage for sending live bees. He exhibited a new case his company had just gotten out, which had some advantages o\'er the old form, and the shape of the case was different. The cage caused much in- terest among the members present. In discussing the production of comb honey he stated that three things which were preventing bet- ter prices on comb honey, were, first, poor grading; second, care- less shipping, which disgusted the dealers, and third, granulation. The granulation of the honey in the comb was a big drawback to its sale. At the same time he felt that the production of comb honey should he increased, and that more care should be taken along the lines above mentioned. His address, which was not written, hence we are unable to give a copy of it, was well received by the mem- bers. Mr. Root was given hearty applause at the close. ^Ir. Hamlin A". Poore described a super he uses for the produc- tion of both comb and extracted honey at the same time. ]Mr. Harry Lathrop stated that he has produced many tons of fancy comb honey in the past, Imt cannot do it now profitably, be- cause there are many people around him who produce comb honey that sells for the same money he gets for the extracted honey. 3dr. R. F. Holterman. of Canada, stated that the reason he stopped the production of comb honey was because of the danger of poor seasons which left him with many poorly filled sections, for which hej could not get the best price. Mr. E. D. Townsend was called upon to tell abotit his method of producing both comb and extracted honey in the same super, and responded by saying that he is producing only extracted hone}- now, but that if he went back to comb honey production, he certainly would use that super, a shallow' extracting frame super. He has had bees that worked 'fifteen minutes on a foundation after the super was given them. "Sir. Root asked ^Ir. Townsend why he dropped the production of comb honey. 'Mr. Townsend replied by saying that in going into 160 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW the handling of out-yards more extensively the swarming bothered too much in the production of comb honey. Still, when he runs his bees for comb hone}- on the method described, he only had 15 per cent of swarms. Air. Allen stated that he sold a lot of condD honey in frames direct to the consumer. ]\Ir. Root stated that in the prodtiction of comb honey they used a starter two-thirds of the way down, also bottom starter and used thin foundation. He placed emphasis on the importance of putting the foundation in the frames in a warm room, where the tempera- ture is near 90 degrees, or else use starters only. After the honey is produced then cut the honey out of the frames, and place it on a wire cloth, and then cut it into squares the proper size for the indi- vidual service package. It is allowed to remain there for 24 hours to drain, and then is wrapped in parafBne paper. In this condition it is ready for the market. ]\Ir. Foster now followed with an address on "The Needs of the Western Bee-Keepers." He stated that in the west the honey local- ities are far apart. This brings the bee-keepers in ^ groups, the dif- ferent groups being widely separated. I'he first thing the western bee-keepers did was to club orders in purchasing their bee supplies in small lots ; later they increased their orders and secured carlots of formed for the handling of their honey. They began with a store- room and a warehouse. At first it was only open on Saturdays and bee-keepers came in on those days, brought in their honey and secured their supplies. The voting was done at monthly meetings, according to shares of stock held. Mr. Foster stated that a co-oper- ative association is not purely co-operating when the voting is done according to the stock held, and advocates the voting to be done according to the membership on account of the liability of the stock of a corporation getting into a few hands who, where the stock con- trols the votes, would be in control of the Association. In some western fruit associations Mr. Foster stated over 50 per cent of the stock was held by outside parties. (Concluded in May intinber.) Ridgeland, Wis., Aug. 8, 1912. Red Bank, N. J. Mr. Tyrrell : I am pleased that the -^ > . -• National owns the Review. I think the ^'^^ ^u'^'?Z' ,^^"''^^' . Detroit, Mich. National dues should be independent of ^ ^, Gentlemen :— local dues. I think the officers of the Tell Mr. Scott what to do. Run liis National are on the right track and that apiary on the Doolittle plan. Pack his in a few years the organization will be honey in cases— cases in carriers with in good shape to work systematically. ^^raw cushions and send it to the near- est market. W. E. Krause. C. H. Root. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 161 NATIONAL GRADING RULES Adopted at Cincinnati, Feb. }9'3- Sections of comb honey are to be graded: First, as to finish; second, as to color of honey; and third, as to weight. The sections of honey in any given case are to be so nearly alike in these three respects that any section shall be representative of the contents of the case. I. FINISH: 1. E.vtia Fancy — Sections to be ever.ly filled, comb firmly attached to the four sides, the sections to be free from propolis or other pronounced stain, combs and cappings white, and not more than six unsealed cells on either side. 2. Fancy — Sections to be evenly filled, comb firmly attached to the four sides, the sections free from propolis or other pronounced stain, comb and caiipings white and not more than six unsealed cells on either side exclusive of the outside row. 3. No. I — Sections to be evenly filled, comb firmly attached to the four sides, the sections free from propolis or other pronounced stain, comb and cappings white to slightly off color, and not more than 40 unsealed cells, exclusive of the outside row. 4. A'o. 2-— Comb not projecting beyond the box, attached to the sides not less than two-thirds of the way around and not more than 60 unsealed cells exclusive ot the row adjacent to the box. II. COLOR: On the basis of color of the honey, comb honey is to be classified as: first, white; second, light amber; third, amber; and fourth, dark. III. WEIGHT: 1. Heavy — No section designated as heavy to weigh less than fourteen ounces. 2. Medium — No section designated as medium to weigh less than twelve ounces. 3. Light — No section designated as light to weigh less than ten ounces. In describing honey, three words or symbols are to be used, the first being descrip- tive of the finish, the second of color and the third of weight. As for example: Fancy, white, heavy (F-\V-H) ; No. 1, Amber, medium (1-A-M), etc. In this way any of the possible combinations of finish, color and weight can be briefly described. CULL, HONEY Cull honey shall consist of the following: Honey packed in soiled second-hand cases or that in badly stained or propolized sections; sections containing pollen, honey-dew honey, honey showing signs of granulation, poorly ripened, sour or "weepuig" hoi:ey; sections "with comb projecting beyond the box or well attached to the box less than two- thirds the distance around its inner surface; sections with more than 60 unsealed cells, exclusive of the row adjacent to the box; leaking, injured, or patched up sections; sec- tions weighing less than ten ounces. SEATTLE, WASH.— Conib, Idaho, case, $3.2 5 @ $3. 50. March 24. DETROIT, MICH.— Choice to fancy white comb, 18(a20c; amber, 14(g.'16c; extracted, 9^@10c per lb. March 28. LOS ANGELES— Extracted water white, 9!4@9^c; extracted light amber, 8^2®' 9c; comb water white, 17(g'20c; white, 15@ 16c; light amber, 14@1jc; beeswax, 30c per lb. March 19. SAN FRANCISCO— Comb water white, lb., 13@14c; comb amber, 10@llc; extracted, dark, .5!^(o'6c; dark, 8@10c; extracted, white, 9@10c; extracted, light amber, 6^@7c; bees- wax, 24@27c per lb. March 19. BOSTON — Fancy white comb honey, 16c to 17c. No. 1 white comb honey, 1.5c to 16c. Fancy white extracted honey, 10c to lie. Light am- ber extracted honey, 9c to 10c. Amber, 8c to 9c. Wax, 30c. BLAKE-LEE CO., Jan. 20. 4 Chatam Row. KANSAS CITY— The supply of comb honey is very light; demand good. The supply of ex- tracted good; demand light. We quote as fol- lows: No. 1 white comb, 24 sec, $3.2.5 per case; No. 2 white comb, 24 sec, $3 per case; No. 1 amber comb, 24 sec, $3 per case; No. 2 amber comb, 24 sec, $2.75 i)er case; extracted white,- per lb., 8 to S^^c; extracted amber, per lb., 7 to 7^c; beeswax, per lb., 22 to 25c. C. C. Clemons Produce Co. March 19. DENVER — We quote comb honey in a job- bing way at the following figures: Fancy, per case of 24 sections, $3.15; No. 1, $3.05. We are out of the lower grades of comb honey. Extracted honey, white, 9c; light amber, Sc; strained, 6.)4c to 7c. We pay 2Sc in cash and 30c in trade for clean yellow beeswax, deliv- ered here. THE COL. HONEY PRODUCERS' ASSN., March 24. F. Rauchfuss, Manager. NEW YORK CITY— The market is practi- cally bare of comb honey of all grades; some few small odd lots are coming in as yet and find ready sale at from 14c to 16c for white, and lie to 13c per pound for dark and am- ber, according to quality and style of pack- age. The market for extracted honey has been very quiet during the past two months and we do not see any indications for a bet- ter demand, as the supply is more than ample to meet the demand California light amber sage, which was reported to be of very short crop in the beginning of the season, was held at high figures and now it is being offered finite freely with no buyers. West Indian is arriving very freely with very little demand and prices are declining right along the line. 162 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW We quote California sage light amber at 7y2C to Sc per pound; California alfalfa at 6c to eyic per pound, and West Indian at 73c to 75c per gallon. _,^ Feb. 19. HILDRETH & SEGELKEX. CHICAGO — The supply of comb honey on this market is very light at this writing. All of the better grades have been marketed. In- deed, there is very little cf any kind now offered. Prices range from 16c to ITc per lb. for the best grades, and the amber grades from 13c to 14c, with the fancy light amber bringing 15c per lb. There remains quite a liberal supply of extracted honey, but it is beirg gradually reduced. Prices tor the white clover and lindens range from 9c to 10c per Ibl, other white honeys Sc to 9c per lb., with the amber grades having a range of froin Gc to 9c per lb. according to what produced from, body and flavor, there being a demand for sage honey and what little is obtainable sells readily. Beeswax is steady at from 30c to 32c per lb., according to color and cleanliness. R. A. .Burnett & Co., Mar 17. 173 W. South Water St. Utica, 111 , January 23rd, 1913. Friend Tyrrell : I have read with the deepest mterest the article by Virgil Sires, North Ya- kima, Wash., especially that part of it relating to the heating of honey as it is extracted. This is of very great im- portance. I would like very much to hear more on the subject. Does the honey really keep liquid as long, or longer, as when liquified later? Who else has made experiments? An inex- pensive arrangement by which it could be done scientifically, with perfect con- trol, would be of great value to the pro- ducers of extracted honey. Will watch the Review sharply' for more on the matter. Yours very kindly, A. MOTTAZ. December 30, 1912. I don't want the Review stopped as long as I keep bees — until I tell you so. I think the Review is very much improved to what it used to be. I wish you would ask for more articles on sweet clover. That seems to be all the go now. I have a little of it and shall try more. Fred A. Krause. Ridgeland No. 1, Wis. Barstow, Cal., Nov. 16, 1912. Mr. E. B. Tyrrell. Dear Sir: — T subscribed for your magazine aljout two months ago, getting all of the back numbers for this year. They have fascinated me so that I just have^ to sit up nights to read them. The first number that I picked up to read, I thought that I could run through in a short time, but sat up real late with a hard day's work ahead as I just had to absorb the articles almost word for word there were so many good things in them. Respectfully yours, Henry A. Lamb. o= o= Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your advertisement in this department. o =o BEES AND QUEENS. For Sale — 50 to 300 colonies, S-frame, good condition E. F. Atvvater, Meridian, Idaho. Wanted to Buy 50 to 200 swarms of bees in any location. Derter Carder, Constance, Ky^ Wanted — To buy 100 colonies of bees for Spring delivery. Must be free from disease. David Running, Fiiion, Mich. For Sale — 100 colonies of Italian and hybrid bees, in standard ten-frame hives, $5.00 per colony. J. F. Rausch, Marilla, X. Y. Wanted bees for cash. Give price and number of colonies for sale. W. C. Daven- port, 6129 N. Paulina St., Chicago, 111. Buy Your Bees by the pound; one-half pound, $1.00; one pound, $1.50. Don't take a chance on getting foul brood. A. Scher- merhorn, 200 King William St., San An- tonio, Texas. I Shall Reoueen all of my colonies this spring. 1 will sell the one year old queens for 40c, any quantity. Safe delivery guaran- teed. When ordering mention Bee-Keepers' Review. E. O. Meserve, Ventuia, California. Bees in }^ and 1-lb. packages without queen, $1.25 and $2.00. These are young bees free from disease and will greatly stimulate your weak colonies. Ary serious loss by shipment will be made good by us. Charles C. Schneider, Dancy, Alabama. Wanted. — 200 colonies bees, any style hive or box. For sale, ioO painted dovetailed supers for 4;4 sections at 25c each in lots of 25 or more. Correspondence solicited. A. W. Smith, Birmingham, Mich. Tested Queens by return mail. $1.00 each. Three banded Itali'ans, reared last fall and wintered in four frame nuclei. No disease. Satisfaction guaranteed. Send for price list. .1. W. K. Shaw & Co., Loreauville, Iberia Pa., Louisiana. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 163 Golden Italian Queens that produce goKlcn bees, the briglitest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each $1, six $5; tested $2. J. r>. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. We Will Requeen all our 2,000 colonies this spring; we offer the one-year-old queens removed from these hives at 40c each, any quantity. Untested queen this year's breed- ing 60c each, delivery guaranteed. Book or- liers now. Spencer Apiaries Co , Nordhol'f, Calif Ouirin's Famous Improved Italian Queens, nuclei, colonies and bees by the pound, ready in May. Our stock is northern-bred and hardy; five yards wintered on summer stands in 190S and 1909 without a single loss. For prices send for circular. Quirin-the-Queen- Breeder, Bellevue, Ohio. Golden and Three Band Italian Queens, also Carniolans. Untested, 75c each; 3 to 6, 70c; 6 to 12, CSc each. Tested, $1.00; over 3, 90c each. Bees per pound, $1.25; nuclei per frame $1.50. No disease. Have every- thing guaranteed. C. B. Bankston, Buffalo, Leon County, Texas. Carniolan Queens. — Bred from best im- ported stock. Many colonies can be manip- ulated without the use of smoke or veil. Un- tested, one for $.75, six for $4.25, twelve for $8.00. 'iested, one for $1.00, six for $5.00, twelve for $10.00. William Kernan, Dushore, Pa., K. D. 2. Golden and Three Banded Italian, also gray Carniolan queens. 'Iested, $1.00 each; 3 or more, 90c each. Untested, 75c each; 3 to 6, 70c each; 6 or more, 65c each. Bees per pound $1.25; nuclei per frame $1.50. A discount on orders booked 30 days before shipment. Bankston & Lyon, Box 64, Buf- falo, Leon County, Texas. We Will Reoueen all our 2000 colonies this sprir.g with yovnig queens bred from our best home and imported Italian stock. We of- fer the one-year-old queens removed from these hives at 40c each, untested queens this year's breeding, 60c. Special reduced prices for 100 or more either young or old. We breed for business, not for looks. No disease. Delivery guaranteed. Book orders now to in- sure early delivery. Spencer Apiaries Co., Nordkoff, California. Carniolan Queens. — Untested $1.00 for one, $5.50 for six, $10.00 for 12. Tested $1.50 for one, $8.00 for six, $15.00 for 12. These queens are bred from the best strains selected after sending to queen raisers in many dif- ferent places in Austria. Having bought all the bees within several miles of this apiary we will agree to replace any untested queens that prove to be hybrids. Some of the best imported Carniolans show slight traces of yel- low, but are gentle, not a cross hybrid with two or three yellow bands. W'm. Kernan, Rt. 2, Dushore, Pa. Italian Queens, bred in Southern Michi- gan; just far enough north to have superior winterers for all northern states and Canada. Bees by pound and half pound. My free de- scriptive list tells it all. Untested, $1.00; select tested, $1.50. My goldens are bred up from imported 3-band stock to start with. (Gentle) select gol4en untested. $1.10. See list. Plans "How to Introduce Queens," 15c; "How to Increase." 15c; both, 25c. E. r- Mott, Glenwood, Mich. HON£V AND WAX. Raspberry-Clover Honey in new 60-lb. cans at 9c. Sample 5c. J. D. Hull & Bro., Honesdale, Pa. Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey and bees- wax. K. A. Burnett & Co., 173 So. Water St., Chicago. For Sale — Finest quality clover and bass- wood extracted honey in 60-lb. cans. J. F. Moore, Tiffin, Ohio. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. HiLDRETH & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. Honey. — Finest quality, white alfalfa ex- tracted honey, guaranteed pure. 2 60-lb. cans, $12.25, freight paid to your station, or 9c f. o. b. Troy. J. W. Griffin, Troy, Texas. Miscz:i>iiANi:ous. Want to Send You our catalog and price list of beehives and fixtures. They are nice and cheap. White Mfg. Co., Greenville, Tex. For Sale — Bee-Keepers' supplies, honey and bees. Write for price circular. A. E. Bur- dick, Sunnyside, W£sh. White-Flowered Goldenrod for sale at the rate of 50 plants for 50c, postage paid The only plant that yields nectar and pollen aftfer frost. James S Johnson, Ltngnon, Laurel Co., Ky. For Sale — A quantity of hives, comb honey, supers, and other supplies. If yovi want to save money, write Leon C. Wheeler, Barry- ton, Mich BEAI. ESTATE. Beautifully Illustrated Booklet about I/'elaware, the state of luscious fruits and of ideal homes. Address State Board of Agri- culture, Dover, Delaware. POULTRY. Brown Leghorns, rose or single comb, 15 eggs, $1.00. Frank Rasmussen, Greenville, Mich. Sicilian Buttercups. — The most persistent layers and non-sitting strain eggs, $1.50 and $3.00 per 15. Walter M. Adema, Berlin, .ALch. 164 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW A Bare Opportunity! A NEW Defiance Check Protector AT LESS THAN COST :Mr. W. Z. IIuTCHiNSOx bouglit this Protector for his own use. but it came too late. Mrs. Hutchinson has asked me to sell it for her at a discount, as she has no use for it. It is the same Protector as is used by most Banks. THEBE IS NONE BETTER MADE The Banks pay $1-5 for them and this new Protector can be bought at 2.5 per cent discount, $11.2.5 net. For sample of work done by this Protector and full particulars, address E. D. Townsend Nortlistar, Mich. Line Bred Carniolan Queens Selected and bred according to the most powerful method known to intensify and per- petuate the good Qualities of the breeding queen. Orders booked now for Tune delivery. I'ntcsteil ^1.00 "each; SgJI.o'o ,loz. Tested fl'At eao'i Breeders ( 1J)12 Resirinii > .*10.00 Ask for our paper, "Superiority of the Carniolan Bee." It's free. .\l,BEKT G. HAXX, Carniolan Queen Breeder. I'ittsto^vn, X. J. BEE-KEEPERS! If you have Dwindling Colonies, send a postal for i>rice list on young Italian Bees by the lb., with or without aueens. No disease. IT WILL PAY YOU TO IXQUIRE AT ONCE. Satisfaction Guaranteed. Reference by special permission, First National Bank of Pomona, Cal. Address 473 West Center St. T. M, STRirSKEY, Pomona, Cal. Bees, Queens, Orange Honey A TRIAL ADVERTISEMENT. The following little nugget of wisdom was given to advertisers by the "Music Trades Review." Every successful advertiser long since learned its truth: "The failure of a trial advertisement has set more business men against advertising than any other factor in publicity. This is a pity when the indefiniteness of a trial ad- vertisement is considered. A trial advertise- ment represents low water mark — absolute bottom. It is not decisive. It has no more value as evidence than a first meeting wiih an individual who afterward becomes your friend. Of all the advertisements in a long campaign it is worse, though it is written by an adept. If it is written by a novice in advertising that novice will never write a weaker one. It is like the first discord struck out of the piano by a beginner. If a student becomes disgusted with such an initial effort he will never get farther, and if a merchant abandons his advertisnig intentions because the first advertisement was unremunerative, he will never get farther. The first attempt at anything is valuable only as an educator." SUPPLIES I carrv an up-to-date line. New Ens- land Distributor of ROOT'S celebrated Bee-Keeners' Supplies. ITALIAN BEES and QUEENS in their season. My de- scriptive catalogs tells you all about these things, and Is sent free upon retiuest. EARL M. NICHOLS, Lyonsville, 3Ia.*<.saehusettN. Chester, N. J., Aiarch 15. 1913. Dear Sir: Warm to-day, and so I looked through the bees. Don't recall seeing them in much better condition. Most seem to have plenty of stores, some too much. One comb drawn out had sealed brood. Have lost one colony in 46, and that due to no stores. Was not handled last fall and thought to be o. k. So far the least loss in years. Walter Gar.\brant. Morris Co. GET TOP NOTCH PRICES FOR YOUR HONEY Send for Annual Catalog which will tell ... .^ ...........i.. ninpn V^ w^io '* your neafest Distributer. AND SHIPPING CASES C.B.Lewi. company, Watertown.Wis. USING LEWIS SECTIONS THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 165 W.HLaws Will be ready to take care of j'Oiir Queen orders, whether large or small, the coming season. Twenty-five years of careful breeding brings Laws' Queens above the usual standard; better let us book your orders now. Tested Queens in March; untested, after April 1st. About 50 first-class breeding queens ready at any date. Prices: Tested, $1.25; 5 for $5.00; Breed- ers, each $5.00. Address W. H. Laws, Beeville, Texas Italian, Carniolan and Banat Queens The best to be had of either race, pure, healthy and well bred. Let me book yonr orders now. Tesed queens. $1.25 each; $12.00 doz. Untested, 75c each ; $8.00 doz. Free circular. GRANT ANDERSON San Benito, Texas. Early (FROFALCON) Queens "ITALIANS" Untested Queens to June 1st $1.00 each. After June 1, 90c each. Special prices in large quantities. A 5-pound bucket of Orange Blossom Honey delivered at your door by express for $1.10. JOHN C. FROHLIGER 1642 Milvia Street, Berkeley, Calif. Greater San Prancisco, Calif. Falcon Bee-Supplies, etc. American Butter & Cheese Company 31-33 Griswold St, Detroit, Mich. Always in the market for choice comb honey. Write us. Famous Queens Direct From Italy Bees more beautiful, more gentle, more in- dustrious. The best horey-gatherers. Uni- versal E.xposition, St. Louis,' 1904, the highest award Extra Breeding Queens, $3; selected, $2: fertilized, $1.50: lower prices ]>er dozen, oO or 100 Queens. Safe arrival guaranteed Write ANTHONY BIAGGI Petlevilla, uear Itellinxoua, Italian. SwIzerlanU. Member of National Bee-Keepers' Association. This country, politically, Switzerland Re- public, lies geographically in Italy, and pos- sesses the best kind of bees known. In writing, please mention "Review." HOW TO RUN AN AUTO FREE FOR EXAMIIVATION -Vre you interested in au- tomobiles? If so, let us send j'ou on seven days' free trial — without depos- it— this big, new 512-page illustrated manual, en- titled ••Aiidels Ans^ver.s ou A utomobiles.'' It is impossible to get th^ greatest efficiency out of a car until you know every point in running, caring for and adjusting the machine In this new book just the problems you are up against are solved in a way that you can easily understand, and so that you can immediately turn to your car and apply the knowledge. D • ^NSWERS ON AUTOMOBILES CARE RUNNING AND REPAIR Xational Bee-Keepers' Assn., -14 Hammond Bldj^.. Detroit, 3Iieh. Kindly mail me copy of Audels An- swers o.v Automobiles, and. if found sat- isftctory, I will immediatelj' remit you $1.50, or return the book to you. Occupation X.AME Address I F WK HIUCQ ^RE BUILT LIKE FURNITURE LLfllO nif CO ARE PERFECT IN ALL RESPECTS Send for Annaal Catalog which will tell yoa who is yoar nearest Distributer G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis, 165 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW ORGANIZED CO-OPERATIOX ADVANCEMENT THE WESTERN HONEY BEE A new Magazine owned and run by the California State Bee-Keepers' Association. Extensive crop reports from the whole country. Get the initial issue of April 1 and hear what the Bee Men say that figure their honey by the ton. ADVERTISERS Write for prices. Money spent with us brings business. Issued the first day of each month. $1 a year. Business Office, 118 Market St., GEO. L. EMERSON, Los Angeles, Cal. Manager Make Your Own Hives Bee Keepers will save money by using our Foot """ SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford, Illinois. WHAT IS YOUR NAME ? Send lis your name and address and we will send you circulars telling all about the new devices, the BOYUM SECTION PRESS andi the BOYUM FOUNDATION FASTENER. Unequalled for SPEED, EFFICIENCY and PRACTICABILITY. Manuiactured hy THE BOYUM APICULTURAL CO., Rushford, Minn. THE BEEWARE BRAND MEANS SUCCESS '^^"'^ ^°'^ Annual Catalog which will tell you who is your nearest Distributer. INSURANCE G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. ADVERTISE — in — The Bee-Keepers' Review WANTED New Crop Honey Both Comb and Extracted Hildreth & Segelken XKW ^OKK CITV. \. V. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 167 Queens That "Arc Better" Italians and Banats Untested Queens, 7iJc each; $8.00 per dozen: two or more dozen in one order, $7.50 per dozen. Tested Queens, $1.25 each; $12.00 per dozen. Breeder~Queens, $3.00 each. Foreign trade add 5c each extra. JA lb. Packages of Bees after May 1st, $1.50. Select queen wanted and add to this. Ihe express charges on these will be very small m comparison with charges on frame nuclei. One-frame Nuclei with Untested Queen, $2.00 each; 2-frame, $3.00; 3-frame, $4.00. Full Colony of Bees in 10-frame hive, $7.00. Add 50c each if Tested Queen is wanted; $2.00 if Breeder Queen is wanted. For 10 or more Colonies or Nuclei, deduct 25c each. Write if interested in carload lots. I have successfully shipped Bees and Queens from this place every month of the year. "Two colonies of bees invoiced by you on Jan. 29 to ^latsutaro Sarada, Kobe, ar- rived safely on -March 23, and are satisfactory. March 31, 1912. Masami Yoshimura, Ogaki, Japan." Each Colony contained a fine Breeding Queen. My Bee and Queen Exhibits at the State Fair of Texas were awarded six premiums in 1911. Italians were also awarded First Prize at The Cotton Palace, in Waco, Texas. "Your ^Money's Worth" is my motto. Terms are Cash with order. I refer you to Sabihal National Bank or any business firm in Sabinal. I have seven yards, and wath se\eial hundred nuclei, I can serve many customers. I solicit your trade. J. A. Simmons, UvaWc Co. Apiaries, SaWnalJcxas ATTENTION! Very Important to all bee-keepors all over the world and wlio desire to improve their native or niixeil .straiiLs of lieesi The direct exportation from Carniola of the Gray-Banded. Alpine Bee to all parts cf the world, which until now wa.s conducted by the Imperial Royal Agricul- tural Association of Carniola, in the future will manage on his own account. JOHANK STRGAR, Wittnach, P. O. "Wocheiner reistritz, Upper-Carniola (Krain), Austria. Owner of 58 honors awarded to him at diverse Agricultural Exhibitions for his achievements as a breeder of the best strain of Carniolan.3 and producer of agricul- tural products. All Queens taken from fall colonies, and not over one year old. Mailed post- age free. Dead select tested queens will be replaced if returned in 2 4 hours after arrival, except if tliey arrive in such a state in Soutli-America and Australia. Bead select untested queens not replaced, except if sent to European countries. Safe arrival of nuclei and hives not guaranteed, (except if shipped to E)uropean countries.) Orders of this kind must accompany freight expenses. The safest transport of stock is in Carniolan box-hives; after arrival, or later, the combs can be cut out to fit any frame. Prices of select tested Q)ueens: March, April May, $5.00; June, July. Aug.. Sept., October. $3.50. Select untested queens: June. July. August $2.00. Carniolan box-hives with 4-5 pounds of bees, .select tested tiueen, brood, honey, $i.0(i: loco R. R. Station, "SVocheiner Feistritz. White Eng-lish for complete price list and new Booklet (which will be mailed free of postage) under above address. HAI^S for FRUITS, SYRUPS •^^■'■** — and HONEY "H t AT VERY LOWEST PRICES Also Labels, Solder and Supplies 1 ctaiTk ovi'v cirv^k ^ikV^flMki* Writetoday for illustrated price list stating I »nip 4Mny »l^e Uruer kj^d and quantity wanted. I KATIONAL CAN COMPANY, Dept. 6 , BALTIMORE, MO. I DISTRIBUTING rHR f rilJIO nmif inP send for Annual catalog which win ten you who is your nearest Distributer. G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. 30 hoUTes for lewis beeware 163 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW ii, falcon" FOUNDATION Made at Falconer, N. Y., in the "Fal- con" Plant. From the best wax that can be purchased, run through our special cleansing and sheeting processes, and milled with the greatest care. The bees prefer it, and work on it sooner. Big orders a specialty; write for prices. During March we are allowing a 2% discount on all "Falcon" bee-supplies. Don't be one of those fellows who wait until the last minute and lose money. Write us to-day. Write for samples of our foundation and Red Catalog postpaid. w. T. FALCONER MFG. Falconer, IV. Y. CO. Where th e Good Bee-Hives come from. Comb Foundation Working Wax You have to go below the surface of things to find THE REASON WHY the HONEY BEES like Dittmer Process Comb Foundation It is because, it is PURE, WHOLE- SOME, has the T.^STE, SMELL, and FIRMNESS of the Honey Comb the Honey Bee make themselves. You will be money ahead to send your wax to DITTMER to be worked into Foundation. SEND FOR PRilCES AND DISCOUNTS. GUS. DITTMER CO. Augusta, Wis. PAGE-KENKEL MFG. CO, MANUFACTURERS OF THE "NONE BETTER" Bee - Keepers' Supplies THIRTY YEARS EXPERIENCE Perfect sections from young, white, basswood. White Pine Hives and Supers, Excellent Shipping Cases, Brood Frames, Separators, etc. We invite your correspondence. FOR SALE— The Very Best Golden or 5 band, 3 hand Italian and Carniolan Queens. Untested Queen, 1 for $1; tested Queen, 1 for $1.50. Nu- clei with untested Queen, 1 frame, $2.50; two for $3.50. Nuclei with tested Queen, 1 frame, ^3; 2 for $4. Quick service and satisfaction guaranteed. (Bee Hive ^ Page -Kenkel Mfg. Co. New London, Wis. MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best young basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. PROPER VENTILATION At the Height of the Honey Flow, also Trapping Out the Drones, PREVENTS SWARMING To ventilate with the Schamu Pat- ent Improved Hive Bottom, turn the rollers as shown in Cut 5. This al- lows free access of air through underneath the colony, the drones (which consume a lot of honey) pass down through the drone escape, into the drone trap. VIEW' XO. 3. where they stay until disposed of by the bee-keeper. This allows the worker-bees free entrance to hive by getting drones away from main entrance. T li e bottom board also controls the mating of the queens. Just a turn of the rollers and the bee-man can suit himself. Ital- ians, blacks or car- nolians. VIEW NO. 5. PRICE: $2.00 F. O. B., for Eight Frame Hive. Liverpool, N. Y. $2.50, F. O. B. Ten Frame Hive. Liverpool, N. Y. for Address all communications to Dr. Charles G. Schamu Liverpool, N. Y. — ROOT'S — = PoAver Honey Extractors Our new catalog is full of information about these labor-saving machines. With the difficulty of getting competent help, the power extractors are being sold largely in this and foreign countries,' and the present demand is far greater than ever before. Read what a California producer says in a letter to a distinterested party, which we are permitted to see and publish : Gentlemen — I should like to say a few words in favor of the ball-bearing Root Auto- matic Extractor, as I believe it is as near perfection as can be. This machine runs so easy that a few turns to get it up to speed is all that is necessary ; and the men, while using the No. 17, which I formerly had, could average only 1,000 lbs. per day, while with this machine they can average 2,000 lbs. with but one additional man. No apiary can afford to be without one of these machines. I feel like congratulating the A. I. Root Co. for making an invention that is such a satisfaction, and financially to the honey-producers' interests. Elk Grove, Cal. B. B. Hogaboom. HERE AP^ A FEW MORE. A word about the power extractor i rvr.iiased from you through H. L. Jones, of Goddna. I found it to work very satisfactnril. and it will do all it is claimed to do and more. I use the gasoline engine for severa' purposes besides driving the eight-frame extrac- tor, such as driving the washing machine for the lady of the house, and corn cracking and grinding. I consider it one of the best speculations I made in connection with the apiary. Pittsworth, Queensland. F. C. Golder. Yours of the 16th, also the brake-band for power extractor, came to hand. Thanks for sending it so promptly. This is my second season with the power extractor. I would not be without it now, even if I had only fifty colonies. David Running. Grindstone City, Mich., July 19, 1910. I received the extractor I ordered of you some time ago. It arrived ni good shape. I set it up and extracted 143 quarts of honey, and sold it at 35c a quart. The extractor is just fine — do»"5 the work completely. F. D. King. Athens Ohio, Aug. 16, 1912. The engine I got of you this spring has done fine. We ran it all fall and never had any trouble at all. V. V. Dexter. North Yakima, Wash., Jan. 18, 1911. For full particulars see our new catalog. The A. I. Root Company, Medina, Ohio BRANCH OFFICES. New York, 139-141 Fravklin St. Chicago, 213-291 Institute Place. Philadelphia, S-10 Vine St. Des Moines, .')6."> W. Seventh St. St. Paul, 1024 Mississippi St. Syracuse, 1631 Genesee St. . Washington, 1100 Maryland Ave., S. W. Mechanics Falls, Me. A FEW AGENTS HANDLING THESE GOODS. California Madary's Planing Mill, Fresno » Mandary's Supply Co., Los Angeles Colorado Barteldes Seed Co., Denver Indiana. Walter S. Pouder, Indianapolis Michigan ... ... . ^I- H- Hunt & Son, Lansing Missouri Blanke Mfg. & Supply Co., St. Louis .■■.■.'.." John Nebel & Son Supply Co., High Hill New Mexico Roswell Seed Co., Roswell Ohio ..... S. J. Griggs Co., Toledo C. H. W. Weber & Co., Cincinnati Texas! '.'.'.'.'.'..'.'. Texas Seed & Floral Co., Dallas " Toepperwein & Mayfield Co., San Antonio The A. 1. Root Company Medina, Ohio THE CHAS. F, M»V CO., PBINTERS. OETBOIT. M ICH . Published Mont% MAY 1913 DETROIT MICHIGAN ONE DOLUR PER YEAR Where is Falconer, New York, where the noted *' Falcon" Bee - Supplies are Made? It is located in the extreme western part of New York State at the foot of Chautauqua Lake, the great summer resort and only about seventy miles south of BufTalo, N. Y., and is on the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern railroad and on the main line of the Erie railroad. In fact we are half way between Cleveland and Buffalo so are in excellent shape to serve Michigan Bee-Keepers with low freight rates and promptness. Via Detroit or Toledo we are in direct communication with all parts of Mich- igan. We have private platforms and can ship either by the Erie or New York Central Lines, are especially equipped to handle large shipments as well as small ones and can make prompt shipments. "Falcon" bee-supplies have been on the market for nearly forty years and have proved themselves to be far superior to any other make. They are made accurately with skilled and experienced hands so there isn't the least bit of trouble when it comes to assembling them. It certainly is a pleasure to put bee-supplies together when they are made of the high grade of lumber and accuracy of the "Falcon" brand. "Falcon" foundation, made in our plant at Falconer, N. Y., is produced by our own superior methods and made of the cleanest, sweetest and best beeswax that can be obtained. Prices Per Pound. Light Standard Brood 1 lb., 58c; 5 lbs., 57c; 50 lbs., 52c Extra Light Standard Brood 1 lb., 60c; 5 lbs., 59c; 50 lbs., 54c Light Section 1 lb., 65c; 5 lbs., 64c; 50 lbs.. 59c Extra Light Section 1 lb., 70c; 5 lbs., 67c; 50 lbs., 62c Write for samples of onr foundation and Red Catalog Postpaid. All goods guaranteed. A Trial will convince you. W. T. Falconer Mfg. Co., Falconer, New York Where the good bee-hives come from. Please iiieiition this journal zvhen Ziriting t(s. I (ESTABLISHED 1888) OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION AND ITS AFFILIATED ASSOCIATIONS E. B. TYRRELL, Managing Editor. Office — 214 Hammond Bldg., Detroit, Michigan. E. D. TOWXSEND, Northstar, Mich. " WESLEY FOSTER, Boulder, Colo. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post office at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Hawaiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. Discontinuauces — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. Advertising' rates on application. ADDRESS ALL MAIL TO NORTHSTAR. MICHIGAN Eight Extra Pages this Month and Last. VOL. XXVI. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, M AY 1, 1913 No. 5 "See Idaho First." In the April number of the pubHcation bearing- the abo\'e name, which is the official publication of an organi;/ation bearing the same name, ex-President George W. York, of Sandpoint, Idaho, has an article on "Bee-Keeping in Idaho" in which he points out the im- portance of the bee industry to the state. Good work. Brother York ; keep it up. Sweet Clover a Weed in Minnesota. There has reached this office during the month a bulletin on Minnesota weeds, published by the University of [Minnesota, and I notice that sweet clover is among the list of weeds published. Evi- dently the writers, A\\ L. Oswald and Andrew Boss, do not realize that the value of this plant has become so well recognized that it is no longer classified as a weed. The danger lies in the fact that where they have laws against weeds it lays one liable for growing or allowing to grow on his premises a plant which should not be considered a w^eed at all. 170 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW There is evidently work here for the Minnesota bee-keepers to do. I am sure if they will make their protest felt that they will have no difficulty in getting" this plant removed from the Minnesota weed list. Directions for Spraying Trees. It might be advisable for Michigan bee-keepers to write to Di- rector R. S. Shaw, Michigan Agricultural College, at Lansing, Mich- igan, asking for special bulletin No. 01, which treats on spraying. It might give good information to hand to that neighbor of yours who persists in spraying fruit trees when in bloom. Hard Candy for Winter Stores. The following formula is taken from the March 1st Gleanings. "We have been giving paper pie-plates filled with hard candy to some of our colonies that seemed to be running a little short, for the last three months. This candy is made of tW'enty parts of sugar to one part of honey, the whole moistened with water enough so that it can be boiled. It is then heated to a temperature of 275 de- grees Fahrenheit, and as soon as it reaches this point it is poured into the pie-plates mentioned. These are turned upside down right over the cluster, and so far they are giving excellent results." In a private letter under date of March 31st, the following is clipped : "So far we have lost no bees on the hard candy described in Gleanings. — Townsend. The "Western Honey Bee." The first copy of this new publication came to my desk soon after April 1st. It starts out as a 32-page, monthly publication, filled with the spirit of co-operation. Its editor has a hard work ahead of him, but one which he will enjoy very much. No one, excepting those who have tried it, know the many little problems which confront the editor. The mechanical make-up of the paper, the kinds of type to use, the articles to accept or reject, the means of keeping track of subscribers, the way of getting and keeping new subscribers, the criticisms you receive and how to handle them. All these and many more are problems to solve. In the same mail the editor will receive sometimes a letter which causes his blood to boil with in- dignation at the narrow view of some reader, and also another one from a broad-minded reader that will more than overbalance the words of the unfriendly critic. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 171 We trust that Editor Emerson, backed by his loyal associates, will get the support of the bee-keeping public of California and else- where, to enable him to meet and solve all the problems that will come to him. Success to the JVestcrn Honey Bee. Bees Wintered Well. Our bees have wintered unusually well in ciuarterable winter cases, there being no less of colonies that were in a normal state last fall. On account of the very mild weather bees have consumed large quantities of stores the past winter, and will need to be looked after during May, or some will starve that had the usual quantity of stores last fall. If the supply of reserve feed in combs be exhausted, there is likely nothing better for May feeding than some candy caked either in brood-frames or in dishes inverted over the cluster on the brood frames. It is expensive business letting swarms starve at this season of the year when they have been fed over winter, and the surplus sea- son only a month ahead. — Townsend. Shipping Honey to Samuel B. Leslie. During the past season a man giving liis name as Samuel Leslie and address as Wyandotte, Michigan, has evidently been ordering from bee-keepers throughout the country small lots of honey to be shipped to Detroit and Toledo. This man would order the honey sent without sending remittance, and the amounts in each case be- ing small, from one to two cases of extract of honey, in many cases the bee-keepers took the chance. It seems that the chance was a losing one, and payment was not made. This matter was referred to proper authorities in Detroit, and he was traced from Wyandotte to River Rouge, and from there to Toledo, where all trace of him was lost. Undoubtedly the same trick will be attempted next year, probably under a different name, so vou had better require cash with order for your small shipments of honey. California Prospects Poor. Corona, (Riverside County), California, April l-lth, 1913. Editors Review : — Honey prospects in Southern California and Corona in particular are very discouraging. 172 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW We usually can depend on A/Iarch rain, but this failed us this year. Things are getting very dry and unless we get rain soon crops of all kinds will be very short on the unirrigated ground. L. L. Andrews. It begins to look as if California would register another short crop of honey this year on account of shortage in rainfall. The sage and other sources of surplus honey are so much dam- aged by drowth that if the usual amount of May rainfall should be secured it would be too late for the blossoms to only partiallv recuperate from the damage already done by drowth. The Review is in hopes that the results of the season will be better than it appears possible at the present time. — Townsend. A New Managing Editor. The time has come when I am forced to discontinue mv services as managing editor of the Review. It is a regret to me, as I thor- oughly enjoyed the work, and the prospects for the National, to me at least, appear very bright at this time. I have enjoyed very much my correspondence with bee-keepers, and their loyalty and co-operation has made my work indeed pleas- ant, but my time is so taken up with other matters at the present time that I find it impossible to do justice to the position of J\Ian- aging Editor. However, I am pleased to say the directors have promoted one of the assistant editors, Mr. E. D. Townsend, to the position of ]\Ianaging Editor. ]\Ir. Townsend is an extensive bee-keeper, who needs no introduction to the readers. There is no question but that he will make a success of this position as Managing Editor, and the Review will have the advantage of having an ex])erienced, practical bee-keeper at its head. I feel sure that you will give to Mr. Town- send the same loyal support that you have extended to me. Let me take this opportunity to thank you one and all for your co-operation, and to say that while I will not l)e actively engaged in the management of the Review that I shall still retain my position as Secretary of the National, and ni}- interest and help will be yours so far as I am able to give it. Address all mail in the future for the Review, to Northstar. IMichisan. E. P.. Tvrrele. School for Bee-Keepers. The Extension Service of the Massachusetts Agricultural Col- lege has published a bulletin announcing a two weeks' school for THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 173 l)ee-keepers, which vv'ill 1)egin May 28. The school will be followed by a convention on June 11 and l"^. The faculty and the courses which they will give are as follows: "Practical Phases of Bee-Keeping," Dr. Burton N. Gates; ''Crops for Honey Bees," Prof. S. B. Plaskell : "The Relation of Bees to the Pollenation of Plants," Dr. George E. Stone; "Structure of Bees," Mr. I. W. Davis; "Bees and Bee-Keepers" Supplies," Dr. James B. Paige. Students will have the use of the regular apicultural equipment of the college, consisting of about two acres with fift}- colonies of bees and a modern building constructed especially for the teaching of practical apiculture. Practically every device used in American apiculture will be shown, it being the aim of the department to pro- cure new inventions as fast as they appear for the purpose of study and comparison. A library of over TOO volumes, and papers of api- cultural literature, will also be available to students. It has been found necessary to limit the registration to fifteen, and applications will be accepted in the order received. A registra- tion fee of $2 will be charged. For bulletins or other information, address Professor \V. D. Hurd, Amherst, !\Iass. Free Sugar. A\'ith the taritY taken off of sugar, or a considerable reduction in the tariff', bee-keepers will be wondering what eft'ect, if any. it will have upon the price of honey. Let us see : .Sugar is veiy cheap at the present time, selling for from 41-2 cents to 0^3 cents per pound in the retail way, while honey sells in the jobbing way from $0 per hundred pounds for baker stock of extracted to, say, $1,'«i» ^p i mi % ^^^^^E». ';.trvri-^4>isr,!d.) No. 2. Showing Construction of Back of Frame Containing Fuller "Soft" Candy. yPhoto by To-iOnend.) board then either of the 48 colonies fed on candy. A neighbor took a swarm from a chimney and one from a house in September. With no other feed, the two colonies are wintering- fine, with no signs of dysentery. There are 150 colonies in this state wintering upon this candy with good results. On January 1st, 1013, a colony was found at an outyard without stores. The colony had two 10-frame bodies for a hiye. These bees w^ere shook ofT their combs (just think of it!) on the first day of January, in the dead of winter, upon empty brood-combs, and a .3^^ pound Idox of "soft" cand}' giyen them. Examined them on No. 1. Lumps from a Cake of Nabob Export Sugar No. 70. {Photo by Townsend.) 180 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW January 31st and found them all O. K. February 1st gave another 3^ pound box of candy. They had used about a half of a box of feed in 32 days, or about 1^4 pounds. February 7th, O. K. Feb- ruary 13th, O. K. One box of 3^2 pounds candy used between January 1st and February 13th. Four degrees below zero this morning (February 13th). February 20th : Bees O. K., flying. Put on another box of candy (making 10^ pounds to date). Handled the brood combs; saw the queen. They had a patch of brood the size of a silver dollar. Not a single colony dead to date. In looking over the bees very carefully, I failed to find a single frame in the -IS colonies win- tering on this candy that shows a single spot of dysentery. Later : March 4th. Mr of New Bedford, Mass., has lost 17 swarms this winter. Is now feeding "soft" candy and has lost none since beginning this feed. You do not know anytliing about it, Mr. Townsend! I do not want to praise it too much, but it is a Godsend to bee-keepers if they only knew it. You ask if bees ever liquify this candy and store it in their ■combs? Would say that in all of my feeding of this candy last summer and this winter, no feed ivas ever found stored in the combs that I was sure was from the candy fed. I fed some cane sugar syrup last fall, but it sometimes granu- lates. From what I have seen up to date (March 1st) I should prefer to put on two boxes of the "soft" candy of from 3^ pounds to 3-}{i pounds each, to feeding the sugar syrup, placing them across the top-bars of the brood-frames as explained heretofore. From observation this winter, the cluster of bees only occupy one box of feed at a time. When one box is user], they move to another with apparently no trouble. March 12th: Bees all O. K. yet. Flying the 10th and today. I said the bees were all O. K. — there is one of the -19 colonies dead. They had but o ounces of bees by actual weight, so could not be -considered a normal colony. Then they were one of the six colonies mentioned in a previous letter that were moved home in a starving condition. This leaves 48 colonies, all wintering on this "soft" candy. The colony shook on empty coml)s January 1st, is still O. K. and flying today. Two days later, the 14th : Colony shook Jan- uary 1st is doing fine. I guess it did them good. They have "brood on both sides of one comb. Am giving them some more feed in a frame, one of which I am sending you by parcel post. March the 19th: I wish to report that my bees are all alive since my report. Examined the colony shook January 1st ; they "have brood in two combs. There is now no doubt but what they THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 181 will all live, as Maple, Willow, etc., are now coming in bloom. April 1st: Bees all O. K. ; have lost no more. The frame of feed sent you is for spring feeding and contains one pound of pea-meal to ten pounds of candy. There is something funny about this feeding of meal. I fed this meal in open dishes in the apiary and the bees took it in fine shape, but, do you know, as soon as I fed the candy containing th.e pea-meal, not a single bee would work upon the meal in the open. Under date of April 11th, ]\Ir. Fuller says: I have found out by trials that 16 ounces of Xabob export sugar will produce the same results as 24 ounces of liquid glucose, when mixed with 12 pounds of granulated sugar. Prevention of Swarming. By ADRIAN GETAZ, Knoxville. Tenn. ' • Jl F Air. Joseph S. Scott wants to suppress swarming in his apiar- ^ ies. he will have to change his system of bee-keeping entirely. Swarming can be prevented or nearly so by giving the queen ample space. I mean by that, build combs in the brood nest, and enough empty combs in the supers, to enable the bees to store the surplus honey without encroaching on the breeding combs. The brood nest should be t'WcJve standard frames, or the equivalent. For full information on the subject see Langstroth Revised. These conditions can be realized Avhen working for extracted honey, but not with comb-honey production. A\'e can give the nec- essary combs in the brood nest, but only foundation in the supers. The result is that the bees will fill up a large portion of the brood nest with honey and thus restrict the space allowed to the queen. We have then to add another means of prevention — that is, requeen- ing every year, either late in the fall or very early in the spring. The latter is preferable if the locality is such that it can be done before or at swarming time. It is a well-known fact that bees with a queen less than one year old will rarely swarm, and then only un- der very adverse circumstances. What is not generally known is that a young queen will keep or induce the bees to keep the brood nest clear of honey, or more nearly so than an older one. The conditions then are first: A brood nest of sufficient size: second, sufficient space in the supers, preferably with full sheets of foundation; third, yearly requeening; and fourth, sufficient shade and ventilation, and we might add sufficient protection against cool nights if needed. With all that strictly attended to. not more than two colonies out of a hundred will swarm. The Dadant hive is not convenient for the production of comb honev. For this the choice is between a 12 standard frames hive and 182 THE BEE-KEEPERS REVIEW a jumbo. For reasons that I will not take space to explain here, the jumbo is decidedly preferable. That 87 pounds of sugar eaten by each American in 1912 is a hoax. The eight billion pounds of sugar reported includes what has been used for making candy, putting up jellies and preserves and many other purposes, including some brands of shoe blacking and printers' inks. Oliver Foster. By WESLEY FOSTER, Boulder, Colo. OLIVER FOSTER was born March 21. 1857, near Platteville. Wisconsin, and died March 12, 1913, at Boulder, Colo. At eleven years of age he moved with his father's family to Mt. Vernon, Iowa, where, at the age of 14, he hived his first swarm of bees from a stump near his home. He steadily increased his colonies except for some winter back-sets. One winter he lost all his col- onies. He married Miss Maria Rockwell in 1880, and at that time had about GTi colonies and was a rearing and selling queens to a considerable extent. Mr. Foster designed and invented quite a num- •■ — - her of bee-keeping appliances and eqiii])ment, and patented a iew of them, but ne\'er ])rofited much from them. He made a very close study of comb honey production and recommended and used the four-beeway section and the slatted separator years before the fence and no-beewa_y section were introduced generally. In 189-1 he moved two car-loads of bees to Los Animas, Colo., and in 1895 brought another car from Mt. Vernon to Los Animas. .Vt Los Animas he specialized in extracted honey production, and the season of 1894 with less than two hundred colonies he harvested about 70,000 pounds of extracted honey, or about 350 pounds to the hive. Mr. Foster remained in the extracted honey business at Los Animas till 1902. when he sold out and moved to Los Angeles, Cal., remaining there till 1905, when he returned to Colorado, settling at Boulder, which has since been his home. During the last few years his health was poor, and most of his bee-keeping operations were carried on by leasing his bees to men who have either worked for or with him and whom he could trust with the responsibility of man- aging from 150 to 500 colonies. At the time of his death he owned and was interested in about 1,500 colonies of bees, located in five systems of out-apiaries in three states. OLIVER FOSTER THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 183 Mr. Foster told me several months ago that the net income on the investment had averaged close to lo'/o annually, counting poor seasons and all. He had been interested in Church and Sunday School since bovhood. and was a member oi the official board of the First ^Methodist Episcopal Church, of Boulder, Colo., at the time of his death. He leaves a wife and two daughters, Faith and Ruth, who live at Boulder. A Bee-Keeper Tells the Farmers Something About Sweet Clover. (An Article Written for the "Duroc Bulletin.") By HENRY STEWART, Prophetstown, 111. ADVANTAGES OF SWEET CLOVER AS A FORAGE CROP.— PERM ANENT PASTURE.— THE STUBS, NOT THE CROWNS, SEND OUT NEW GROWTH.— GOOD FEED FOR HOGS. One of the nelds which has been undeveloped by the bee-keeper is the informing of the public through the Farm Press concerning crops of interest to bee-keepers. We are pleased to submit to you the following article by one of our members which was printed in a farm paper in Illinois. This member was not talking to bee-keepers but to farmers, and he gives some valuable information concerning the growing of sweet clover. As you know, sweet clover is consid- ered a weed by a large number of farmers, and bee-keepers have been condemned in many cases for sowing its seed along the roadside. If we can show them the benefit of the plant to them, it will result in mutual benefit. The best way to reach them is through the farm papers, for every farmer depends, to a certain extent, upon his farm publication, and it gives your statement weight to appear in such a publication. Another field that is open is the explaining to farmers matters concerning the disease known as foul brood. These articles are much appreciated by the papers themselves, and I would urge the Secretaries of our Branches to try and get some one in his state to be a regular contributor to the leading farm paper of that state. Each year a dififerent man can be selected thus giving new ideas and not making the contribution a burden. ' ■ W A\'AS much interested in the article from the Iowa Experiment ^ Station on sweet clover for hog pasture. T have been growing this plant for ten years and know of no forage plant that will equal it for any kind of live stock. During the early spring, and in times of severe drought, such as we have had the last two years, sweet clover afifords abundant pastiu'e when everything else has either not yet started, or is dried up and quit business. When once deeply rooted there appears to be no drought severe enough to check the growth of sweet clover. Like alfalfa, sweet clover sends its roots deep into the moist subsoil, and is independent of surface moisture for its growth. The experiment station seemed to have fallen down on its second year's results. I can see two good and sufficient reasons for this. Sweet clover is a biennial — the second year it produces its seed and dies. For a permanent pasture during the winter or early spring, it should be reseeded. 184 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW During the early part of the second year's growth, sweet clover is extremely vigorous. No forage plant that grows will equal it in the amount of feed it will produce. But as the autumn months come on the plant has largely spent its force and needs the new seeding to help out the forage. The first reason then for this failure was in not reseeding their pasture, which then would have come on after they removed their crop of hay, and would have yielded abundant feed as it did the year before. The second reason for failure can be found in the cutting of that crop of hay while in full bloom. While sweet clover resembles alfalfa in many of its habits, in others it is widely difterent. When alfalfa or the other clovers are cut, the crowns send out new shoots for the new growth. Not so with sweet clover. When the blos- soming stage is reached the crowns send out new shoots for the new growth. Not so with sweet clover. When the blossoming stage is reached the crowns send out but few new shoots. When the stalks are cut off, the stubs, and not the crowns, send out the new growth, and if cut like ordinary grass there are not much stubs left on which to send out branches. If stock is not sufficient to keep down the rank growth it is a good practice to clip just before the plant begins blooming, but in doing this the sickle bar of the mower should be raised as high as possible, so as to leave the stul)s from four to six inches high. These stubs will then quickly send out a vigorous growth of young, tender branches. The blooming season will be retarded and the life of the plant prolonged. Had those two requirements been included in the experiments there is no good reason why the second year's results should not at least have equaled the first. With the great advantage of the second year's start over the new seeding, the duration of the season should have been increased by thirty days, and the natural results should be much in excess of the first year. I include sweet clover with all oat seeding, not otherwise seeded. It adds much nitrogen to the soil, and affords much of the very best fall, winter, and early spring feed for the stock. With favorable conditions for growth, a ton or more of the best of hay- can be secured from the stubble field. All of this aside from the cost of the seed and the time of sowing. It is just so much net profit. Now, November 1, our hogs are running in the corn field by the side of which is a stubble field which was seeded to rape and sweet clover. The rape and sweet clover are both 18 inches high and the hogs can be found there feeding a large part of the time. The hogs are doing the hustling necessary for development. They are gathering their own protein, and they are not mixing their feed with their own excrement and germs to breed disease, but are getting their food pure and clean, and leaving all manure distributed THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 185 for the next year's crop. I know of no better combination for health and results. A Most Profitable Year With the Bees. ENTHUSIASM LAGS WHEN THE PROFITS STOP COMING IN.— THE SCALE HIVE GAINED FOUR TO SIX POUNDS, THEN EIGHT. THEN TEN, TWELVE, AND ONE DAY A COLONY GAINED TWENTY- FOUR POUNDS— IT CAME FROM MILKWEED.— MILKWEED AS A HONEY PLANT. By IRA D. BARTLETT, East Jordan, Mich. '"J|T is nothing unusual to pick up a journal and read of some one /|l who has some little side line outside his or her regular busi- ness that they claim gives them real enjoyment, health and pastime, and incidentally is a source of profit. The bee business is more often a side issue, and truly there is pleasure, health and past- time, and also the profit end of the business for one entering it. But I wonder if that fascination was as keen when the yield of honey was very small as when there was plenty for the family and quite a little besides to be disposed of at a good price? I believe that if there was little profit coming in, and that the sole reason of the person continuing in such business was simply the enjoyment of the work connected with it, he would soon lose interest and eventually discontinue. This is natural. It is human instinct to forge ahead, so the Review editor, who is ever about and eager for something that will be of interest to the reader, asked me to describe the conditions, time, yield, source, price obtained, etc., when I secured my most profitable crop of honey. I am sure that there is no question but that the motive that prompts-' us all to forge ahead is a financial one. T believe it was in the seaMMi of r.i(i"i th;it I rcceix-ed niy largest cro]) of honev. 1 wintered ni}- 1)ee-^ in town, in Avinter hi\es. and earlv in the spring. usuaH\- the first of Mav, moved them one atid one-half miles south and east to mv sunirner apiar}'. The spring was v.'arm and wet. Clo\er grew as I ne\er saw it before. It blossomed profusely, and yet when the clover was harvested for hay T had secured but one barrel of honey from eighty-eight colonies of bees. T did not feel over-enthusiastic, as in ^•ears past when the clover was cut that was the end of the honev and the l)ees were all that T had to depend upon for my income. Had I known then what I have found out to be true since, that heavy continued rains through ^lay and June, with warm, bright and even hot weather following 186 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW in July, would give us a "bumper"' crop, I would not have felt that all was over for the season, but would have looked forward to the milkweed, of which at that time I was not aware there Avas enough in the county to be of any account, and even if there was, that there was any perceptible amount of honey to be obtained from them. As the milkweed stalks die down each year and come up from the root (which lives almost indefinitely) in May, the rain, which was heavy and continued for a g'ood share of May and June, caused it to gTow very rank and when its blooni appeared (usually the first of July), the rains had subsided and it came ofif very warm and continued so without any rain all through July and, I belie\'e, August, too. Nothing- could have been more perfect for the secretion of nectar, and when I began to notice all of a sudden that the two scale hives were showing- gains, I balanced them up and began keeping tally on them. They bounded ahead with regular strides from four to six, then eight, ten, twelve and one day one colony showed a gain of twenty-four pounds, evaporating but one and one-half pounds during the night. At this time I did not even know where it came from, but investigated and found it to be the despised (by the farmer) milk- weed. I got "busy" with my extractor at once, and being alone and with but one old four-frame non-reversible extractor and honey that was so dense that it would hardly leave the combs. I was kept busy keeping up with the bees. The flow was short, lasting m all about twenty days. From that flow I extracted 13.000 pounds of the finest hone}' that it seemed to me could be produced. It was dense, white, of fine flavor and the best of honey in every way possible. The combs were of a pearly white color, and filled full to the frame. I produce extracted honey principally, but what a year it would have been for comb honey production? I bottled and sold it to the trade, the most of it realizing about ten cents per pound. I did ship some in sixty-pound tin cans to outside parties. One shipment went to H. C. Ahlers. West Bend. Wis., and the next year he forwarded me a check for six cases, allowing me a half-cent more than he was paying elsewhere, with the remark that the honey purchased the year before "was the best he received out of 10.000 pounds purchased."' Am not mentioning this to get free advertising, for my crop of honey since has never been of milkweed entirely, but to show the quality of the honey produced from it when the conditions are perfect. The' milkweed has continued to spread and now I look forward everv vear for about one-half of my crop from that source. Inas- THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 187 much as the fires can not destroy the plant, as the root goes down many feet, is it not possible for the above conditions and crop to be repeated? I do not know how widely is this plant spread over Northern Michigan, but for many miles about here there is quite a quantity. East and a little south of here, along Lake Michigan, I am told that the country abounds with it, the sand dunes along the lake being covered with milkweed. The ground upon which the plant grew that gave me my big crop is of heavy clay and gravel for the most part, but I am sure that if there was sufficient moisture that the plant will grow on sandy soil and secrete nectar. The wild red raspberries, which were destroyed by fire in 190(S, have again sprung up, and today (about here) are fully as good as before the fire, but not as large an area, as farmers have taken advantage of the condition (land nearly cleared of timber by the fire) and cleared the land, and from now on we will get more clover honey instead of so much raspberry. Clover having gone into its- winter repose in excellent shape and very profuse, is there not a good chance for an abundant crop of honey in Northern Michigan the coming season? A DREAM. Anna M. Crawford, 148 W. 2nd St., Denver, Colo. Lying one day in a meadow, Where I was dreaming hour by hour, I watched the busy bees as they went To the chalice of every flower. And as they droned and buzzed and hummed, I so drowsily closed my eyes. And suddenly up from the meadow green, I seemed very lightly to rise. Some way my arms had turned to wings And my dress to a coat of brown. Then proudly I spread my wings to the wind And sailed over meadow and town To a garden where flowers bloom. I gracefully dipped to the ground And tasted the nectar within each cup. Of the blossoms which grew around. Then oyer the fields and meadows, I carried my burden away, Flying straight to a busy hive of bees. At the close of a weary day. There I worked and toiled through the hours, Ere the dawn of the morning lights Then I shook out my wings for another day. And again took my onward flight. Through the summer days I labored, To complete my winter's store, But ever the empty boxes and hives. Seemed to call for more and more. One day, in an angry moment. I flew through a house unafraid, And there was a company feasting, On the very honey I'd made. I buzzed o'er the heads of those people. To inform them I thought it mean. And just then awoke with a nervous start, To find it was onlv a dream. Eight Additional Pages to This Month and Last 188 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW BEGINNERS DEPARTMENT What To 'Do Each Month This Department will be a permanent feature for the year 1913. Whether it is continued after that, or not, will depend upon how it is received by the subscribers. This paper is being published for your interest, and it is our desire to give you what you want. If this Department is not wanted it will not be continued. MAY — Lower Arkansas Valley. C. Stinson, Hor.Lv, Col. The work for ]May is similar to April. Watch liives with can- died combs. Keep enough of the granulated combs uncapped to have them used up by the time the honey flow commences. Sprinkle the combs to dissolve the dry candied honey. There is apt to be some pollen this month, but not enough honey, so that it will be safe to open a hive when the bees are flying, on account of robbers. Unite the queenless colonies with weak queen colonies. Move them gradually toward each other so as not to lose the bees by returning to the old stand. Place the queen colony over the queen- less one with a paper, containing a small hole between, or send south for a queen, (iet the weak colonies along as fast as they will go by feeding and protection. Do not take brood from the strong col- onies at this time of the year. The more bees in a hive the better. With plenty of room there is little danger of swarming when run- ning for extracted honey. If there is plenty of room, most of the swarms are on account of superseding. MAY — Northern States. Jesse H. Rop.erts, \\'atsek.\. III. The bees begin to work in earnest, and for the next two months the bee-keeper must pay the strictest attention to them if he would reap a good honey crop. The surplus boxes may be put on the hives just as fast as the bees need the room, and after the ITith of May all packing should be removed. Get hives ready for young swarms. Patch all clean, emi)ty combs into frames. If you desire increase more than honey, you should practice artificial swarming. My wav is to remove the old swarm to a new stand that is ready to THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 189 swarm, then place an empty hi^■e Avith one comb in center, fill the rest with foundation, then go to the removed swarm, open it. take the center comb with the queen on it and brood and all adhering bees to the empty hive, put the card of bees next to the other coml) and shut the hives. The field bees will all work to their old queen and will build up very fast. The end^ryo part A\-hich was moved will start queen cells. The tenth day cut all out except one good one for them. If vou are running for honey let the Ijees hax'c their own way and swarm naturally. Do not get all the tin pans, drums and kettles to make a great noise. Let them alone ; tliey will cluster together soon. Have a looking-glass handy; if they rise too high reflect the glass on them. It blinds them, so they will settle to get their right bearing. The first pollen was soft maple, the I'th of April. Rather late this vear. MAY — Southwestern States. By Hkxrv C. Barrox, Hagermax, X. \\. The first of this month should finrl each colon}' (not nuclei) of bees with from three to twelve frames of brood, larvae, etc. The fruit bloom will be gone. The bees must depend on wild I>loom nearly altogether for a space of twenty days, and from pres- ent indications it will be fairly good. About the 2Uth, the alfalfa bloom should begin to show up quite considerably. During this month select the colonies that enter the comb, bulk and extracted honey, as well as those from whom the increase wall be made — far as vou know. It is rare that bees swarm in this part of New ^Mexico, although a little further south, west and south coast, swarms will issue. Get your hives ready for this increase, use full sheets of medium brood foundation wired, or better yet, drawn comb that takes the place of the one or two frames of brood taken from your colonics for increase. It is likely you won't do much of this in May. but be ready. Some of our bee-keepers have met with some loss from the arsenic spraying of fruit, others moved their bees out and beyond bee flight and still others fed. The winter has gone. l)ut not all of its effects. So to beginners I w^ould say, start as soon as you can wath the double-walled hi\-e. See that the air space is loosely packed. 190 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW Anb U0 AfitUatfi Asfiortatinns 0£B.cers. Directors. Dr. Burton N. Gates, President E. D. Townsend, Chairman . .Xorthstar, Mich. „ i^-y- i;--\L Amherst, Mass. j. M. Buchanan Franklin, Tenn. Dr. H. a. Surface, \ ice-Pres. .Harrisburg, Pa. wr^,, -„ tt^c^.-^ t)„ u. n i E. B. Tyrrell, Secretary Detroit. Mich. 1^^'"^^ ^""^"^ Boulder. Colo. 214 Hammond Bldg. !*• B. Cavanagh Hebron, Ind. C. P. Dadant, Treas Hamilton, 111. Prof. Wilmon Newell. .College Station, Tex. Affiliated Associations and Their Secretaries. Arizona Honey Exchange New Jersey — E. G. Carr....New Egypt, N. J. G. M. Frizzell. Tempe. Ariz. N. California — Ahvin P. Hein Adirondack — H. E. Gray.. Fort Edwards. N.Y. Box 10, Fair Oaks, Calif. Colorado — Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. N. Michigan — Ira D. Bartlett Chicago-Northwestern — L. C. Dadant.... East Jordan. Mirh. HAMPSHIRE -H;MpVEN-FVANK2r-Dn ^"- OH.o-Prof. N. E. Shaw. Dept of Agr.. Burton N. Gates Amherst, Mass. ,-, ' " " " Vi" " w-, Columbus, Ohio Idaho— R. D. Bradshaw Notus, Ida. Oregon— II. Wilson Corvalis, Ore. Twin Falls— C. H. Stinson. .Twin Falls. Ida. Pecos Valley— Henry C. Barron Idaho Honey Producers' Assn. — Frank Hagerman, New Mexico Beach Salem, Idaho Pennsylvania — H. C. Klinger, Liverpool, Pa. Illinois — Jas. A. Stone. . .Rt. 4, Springfield, 111. t-^„„„ t ht t> u r- i i- -r- Iow.^— S. W. Snyder Center Point. Iowa J,^'*''^^^?,^— ^ /^^V^^n •''''*"?>"' ^'■^"^''"' ^enn. Indiana— Geo. W. Williams, Redkey, Ind. I exas— Wilhs C. Collier, Box 1.54... Kansas— O. A Keen Topeka Kans Goliad, Texa» Massachusetts Society of Bee-Keepers Vermont — P. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. ....Leslie A. M. Stewart, Franklin, Mass. ,,, t r. v. MissouRi-J. F. Diemer Liberty. Mo. Washington-J. B. Kamage . . . . . . Michigan-O. H. Schmidt „, .Rt. 2, N. Yakima. Wash. Rt 5 Bay City Mich Wisconsin— Gus Dittmer Augusta. Wis. Minnesota— Dr'.'L.'b. Lpo'nard '. . . " Worcester County— J. S. Whittemore. .^^ . .515 Syndicate Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. Leicester. Mass. Report of the Convention National Bee-Keepers' Association, Held at Cincinnati, Ohio, Feb. 12 and 13, 1913. ( Continued fiom April Issue) Mr. Foster stated that the west needed more co-operation by members of the local associations. Second, by the distribution of their product in the eastern markets. He stated there is from 35 to 60 cars sent out of Colorado every year. Idaho is running Colorado a close second, if it is not surpassing it in the production of alfalfa honey. Colorado comb honey granulates earlier now than it did formerl}^, and Mr. Foster thinks this is because there are more honey bearing plants, and that this mixture of honey from different sources has a tendency for causing early granulation. He stated that the honey during the past year was dark and would not grade the best, that above To per cent this year was No. 2, and 25 per cent was No. 1. The problem, however, is in marketing extracted honey. They cannot afford to produce comb honey if they can get 8 cents for extracted, but at the present time if they have a car of extracted honey they are lucky if they can get over 6 to 6r^c. and under these conditions comb honey production is more profitable. During the past year it brought from $2.50 to $3.00 for a 24:-section case. The logical market for Idaho and Oregon is the Pacific coast, but owing THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 191 to the unjust freight rate they can deliver extracted honey in Den- ver cheaper than they can in Portland, Ore. The rate on bees to a certain point mentioned by Mr. Foster C. p. DADANT, Treas. Dr. H. A. SURFACE, Vice-Pres. Dr. B. N. GATES, President E. B. TYRRELL, Secretary 192 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW was $400 per car, while on live stock to the same point the rate was only $T5. This matter was taken up with the railroad authorities, and they succeeded in getting a reduction of about $100 per car. They did this by giving a special tariff. They wrote to the Classi- fication Committee asking that bee-hives and bees be classified as implements of toil. In this wa}- a lower rate was secured. Mr. Foster closed by stating he believed the production of comb honey is increasing in the west over the production of extracted honey in most of the large honey producing localities. During the discussion on Air. Foster's address, ]\Ir. Weber, of Cincinnati, stated that the western honey granulates in the comb and believed that the western bee-keeper who is in the alfalfa honey district should produce extracted honey instead of comb, but that the northern bee-keeper in the clover district should produce comb honey, as it can be held over without granulation. Mr. Foster stated he had seen hundreds of cases of alfalfa comb honey that did not granulate in two years, and that the granulation occurs where the hone}' is mixed with other kinds. Mr. ]\Iuth says we always feel w^e are swindled when we buy western honey. He knew of one firm who had 4,000' cases of comb hone}^ left over from a year ago which had granulated, and which they sold at from oOc to $1.00 per case. Jle states tliat western comb honey is a dangerous thing to handle. Dr. Phillips asked if there are localities in which the honey granulates quickly, and others where it does not. Mr. Foster stated there was, and that it also depended on the season. The discussion on western honey was quite vigorously and gen- erally carried on. and Mr. Foster said that he had heard of com- plaints against western comb honey, but he did not realize it before quite so much as he did at the convention. Dr. H. A. Surface stated that many eastern bee-keepers think if the National helped get cheaper freight rates on western honey it would hurt the eastern crop, but he doesn't feel that way, because the home grown product in his opinion is the best. He emphasized the importance of developing your local market, stating that he can get better prices in his own little town than he can from a distant city. Dr. Surface said he could get 2oc per pound for all the comb honey he can produce; that he stamps his name on every section he sells, and has educated his customers to call for his honey. Dr. Phillips stated that the local market will not always con- sume all of the local product. Mr. Anderson, delegate of the Idaho Honey Producers' Associa- tion, says that the State of Idaho produces as fine honey as is pro- duced in the world; that the matter of lower freight rates and closer co-operation is the greatest need of the western bee-keeper. They THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 193 find that the l)uyers try to beat them down on prices. He regards sweet clover as their greatest honey plant. Their association will use this year about six carloads of supplies all bought through the association. He states that all their honey is sold through their association, and that they furnish their members supplies at jobbers prices with five per cent added for the expense of handling. Mr. Francis Danzenbaker, of Virginia, heartily endorsed what Dr. Surface says with reference to developing the local market, and believes that prejudice against candied honey is caused largely by what has been published regarding sugar honey. People eating the honey and noting the granules jump to the conclusion that it is sugar. A call was taken for a show of those who were not delegates to the convention. Am sorry to say that 1 was unable to get these names in the short time available, so that 1 can not give them to you with any degree of accuracy. Meeting adjourned at 9 :30 p. m., to meet Thursday morning at 8 a. m. THURSDAY MORXIX'G. FEB. 13. ^Meeting called to order by Chairman B. X. Gates. The first thing taken up was the reading and hearing of invitations from dif- ferent cities for our next annual meeting. The Secretary read invita- tions from the city of Buffalo, both from the mayor and from the Chamber of Commerce ; an invitation was also received from Chi- cago through the Chicago Association of Commerce ; San Francisco sent in an invitation from the San Francisco Con\ention Bureau. This invitation. howe\er, is for the year 1915, at which time the •Panama Pacific International Exposition will be held. An invita- tion from the mayor of Xew Orleans was also received, and one from the X'^ew^ Orleans Conventions and Tourists Bureau ; Secretary Tyr- rell presented a personal invitation from Detroit ; Director Wesley Foster one from Denver : Delegate J- J. Anderson one from Idaho Falls, and Delegate Ralph B. Daly for either Rochester or Buffalo, but faxored Rochester: Dr. B. X^. Gates spoke in favor of holding the next convention in the northeast. Washington was considered, and both Secretary Tyrrell and Editor E. R. Root spoke in favor of Washington on account of that city being disappointed in not having the convention this year, after it had been decided by the Directors- to hold the convention there. Mr. Root thought we must have some regulations in regard to shipping bees from one part of the country to another, and felt we might gain something along that line if we could hold our next convention in Washington and visit the author- ities in person. At this point Mr. Root gave a report of the Legis- lative Committee as mentioned previously in this report. ]\lo\ed bv P. E. Crane, delegate of \"ermont. that ^Vfr. Root's 194 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW report for the Legislative Committee be accepted and filed. The Auditing" Committee were called on for their report, but they were not ready at this time to make it. A report of the Committee on Policy and Extension was called for, but they were not yet ready to report. The chair asked for an expression from the members as to what report they would like first. The Committee on Constitution was asked to report. Chairman Dadant made the following report in writing : With reference to the proposed amendments we recommend that Article 1 be not adopted. Recommend that Article 3 be adopted with the change in the numbers of 25 to 15. We recommend that Article IV, Section 1, be adopted. We recommend that Article IV, Section 3, be adopted as fol- lows: The total membership fee shall be $1.00; 50c of which shall go into the funds of the local branch treasury, and 50c into the Na- tional treasury ; a subscription to the official organ, the Bee-Keepers' Review is not compulsory, although it is advisable in order that each member may receive all important notices published therein. We recommend that Article IV, Section 3, be adopted. We recommend that Article VI, Section 1, be adopted. We recommend that Article VI, Section 2, be rejected. We recommend that Article VI, Sections 4 and 5, be adopted. We recommend that Article Vil, Section 1, be adopted as fol- lows : "A board of five Directors shall be elected by the delegates at their annual meetings as follows: In even years, 2; in odd years, 3; each of whom is to serve two successive years, or until his suc- cessor is elected and qualified." We recommend that Article VIII, Section 2, be adopted. The committee did not make a report on Article 9, Sections 1 and 2, as this matter had been placed in the hands of a special com- mittee to report. Moved by J. J. Anderson, delegate of the Iowa Honey Pro- ducers' Association, that the report of the committee be accepted and placed on file. The question was brought up as to whether the acceptance of this report constituted the adoption of the amendments, and it was explained that it did not, that the amendments Avould then have to be taken up and acted on separately. Dr. E. E. Phillips suggested that we omit the word "branch" and that we use the words ''Affiliated Associations" instead. He stated that it would then show that each separate organization affili- ated with the National would still have all of the powers they form- erly had and in addition have the benefits and strength of the Na- tional. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 195 ]Mr. Dadant explained that in Illinois they received from the state a certain appropriation each year, but that the appropriation would be withdrawn in case they did not maintain their separate organization. Moved by Mr. Dadant that the word "Branch"' be not used, but the words "Affiliated Associations" be used instead. Seconded, and the vote for this change stood as follows: F'avorable, Idaho, 2; Wis- consin, 2 ; Illinois, 5 ; Ohio, not voting ; Minnesota, not voting ; Ad- irondack, 1 ; Iowa, 1 ; Tennessee, 1 ; Michigan, 2 ; Indiana, 2 ; Chicago Northwestern, 1; Washington, 1; Hampshire-Hampden-Franklin, 1; Colorado, 2; Pennsylvania, 5; Vermont, 1; Worcester, 1. Against — - None. Carried unanimously. Moved by J. J. Anderson, delegate of Idaho Honey Producers' Association, that the report of the committee recommending that Article I be not changed so that it still reads, "This organization shall be known as the National Bee-Keepers' Association," be adopted. Motion seconded. The vote was as follows: Favorable- Idaho. Wisconsin, Illinois, Ohio, Minnesota, Adirondack, Iowa, Ten- nessee, Michigan, Indiana, Chicago-Northwestern, Washington, Hampshire-Hampden-Franklin, Colorado, Pennsylvania, Vermont, and Worcester. Unfavorable — None. Motion carried unanimously. Moved by A. C. Allen, delegate of Wisconsin Branch, that Ar- ticle HI be amended to read as follows: "This organization shall consist of one central organization with its various affiliated associa- tions ; these affiliated associations may be in any locality where fif- teen or more members of the National decide to form a branch." At this point it was considered advisable inasmuch as it took so much time to have a roll-call of votes that those branches against a motion be asked to vote first, and if there was no opposition that the motion would be considered carried unanimously. A vote taken this way showed the motion carried unanimously. Gloved bv P. E. Crane, delegate of Vermont Branch, that Article IV, Section 1. be laid on the table temporarily. Motion seconded and carried unanimously. Moved by P. E. Crane, delegate of Vermont Branch, that Article IV. Section 2, be laid on the table temporarily. Motion seconded and carried unanimously. Moved by Dr. H. A. Surface, delegate of Pennsylvania Branch, that Article IV. Section 3, be adopted as follows: "Memberships shall begin at the time the membership fee is paid, and shall expire at the end of the time paid for, counting from date membership be- gan." ]\Iotion seconded and carried unanimously. Moved by E. D. Townsend, delegate of Michigan Branch, that Article VI, Section 1, be adopted as follows: "The officers of this Association shall be a President, Vice-President, Secretary and 196 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Treasurer ; these officers shall be elected at each annual meeting- of delegates, and shall serve for one year or until their successors are elected and qualified." Motion seconded and carried unanimously. Moved ])y Dr. H. A. Surface, delegate of Pennsylvania, that Article VI, Section 2, be not adopted so that the constitution would still read : "The President shall preside at each annual meeting of delegates and at any special meeting which may be called. lie shall also preside at all meetings of Directors, and perform any other duties which may devolve upon the presiding officer." Motion sec- onded and carried imanimoush\ Moved by j. J. Anderson, delegate of Idaho Honey Prodiicers' Association, that Article VI, Sections 4 and ■'>, shall be changed to correspond with the adoption of the change suggested in Section. 1. This simply leaves off the words "General ^Manager" to the title of Treasurer. Motion seconded and carried unanimously. At this point it became necessary to decide positively whether the convention would be able to take the trolley ride arranged for by the Board of Commerce for the afternoon. Moved by C. P. Dadant, delegate of Illinois Branch, that we accept with thanks the invita- tion from the Ciiamber of Commerce, and arrange to take the ride at 3 :30 p. m. Motion seconded and carried. Moved by J. J. Anderson, delegate of Idah(^ Honey Producers' Association, that Article VII. Section 1, l)e adopted as follows: '*A board of five Directors shall be elected by the delegates at their an- nual meetings as follows : In even years, 2 ; in odd years, 3 ; each of whom is to serve two successive years, or until his successor is elected and qualified. Seconded and carried unanimously. Moved by J. J. Anderson, delegate of Idaho Honey Producers' Association, that Article \^III, Section 2, be stricken from the con- stitution, and Section 3 inserted in its place. Section 2 reads as fol- lows: "A local branch shall consist of 2.") members." [Motion sec- onded and carried unanimously. A discussion occurred at this time with reference to Article V, Section 2, which reads: "Each affiliated association shall be entitled to elect one delegate to attend the National meeting, who shall pre- sent proper credentials and if correct such delegate shall be entitled to one vote for every 50 members or fraction thereof, in his local association." The committee recommended that Article V, Section 2, be amended to read as follows: "Each affiliated association shall be entitled to elect a delegation to attend the National meeting which delegation shall present proper credentials, and if correct such dele- gation shall be entitled to one vote for every 25 members or fraction thereof in their local association. Any delegation may represent one or more affiliated associations in their state, but cannot represent an affiliated association from anv other state. In representing more THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 197 than one afiiliated association the Aote of the delegation shall be based upon the total aggregation of their membership." This called forth a spirited discussion participated in by a num- ber of members including Dadant, Phillips, Foster, Surface, and J. G. Creighton. Moved l)y J. J. Anderson, delegate of Idaho Honey Producers' Association, to amend the above motion by having the proposed amendment to Article V, Section 2, published and action to be taken at the next annual meeting. The roll-call of votes on this motion was taken and showed the vote unanimously in favor of the amend- ment. The motion as amended was then put and carried unani- mously. The report of the special committee on Article 0, Sections 1 and 2, was called for at this time. The report was made by Dr. H. A. Surface, chairman, and recommended the adoption of Sections 1 and 2. This committee was also asked to give answers to the following questions: Was it necessary to purchase an existing publication, the Bee-Keepers' Review, in order to establish an official organ for the National? Their answer was, "We do not consider it was nec- essary to make such a purchase, but we approve the action of the Directors." O. Was the Board of Directors authorized to purchase the Bee-Keepers' Review? Ans. — Under the Constitution there is nothing prohibiting the purchase of the Review by the Board. The report was signed by Dr. H. A. Surface, chairman. Moved by C. P. Dadant, delegate of Illinois Branch, tliat the report be accepted and placed on file. Seconded and carried. In considering the adoption of the amendment to Article IX, Sec- tion 1, it was moved by J. J. Anderson, delegate of Idaho Honey Producers' Association, that the amendment be adopted so that Sec- tion 1, of Article 9. would read: "The Beekeepers' Review, a monthly publication, shall be published by this Association as its official organ." Seconded and carried unanimously. Moved by I. J. Anderson, delegate of Idaho Honey Producers' Association, that Article IX, Section 2, be adopted, which would read: "X'^otices and reports published in the official organ, the Bei:- Keepers' Review, shall be considered ample and sufficient notice to the members, and it shall not be considered necessary to send a written or printed notice in addition to the one published in the Review. Seconded and carried unanimously. The report of the Committee on Article IV, Section 2, was now- called for, which was as follows : This committee recommend that the fee of the X'ational Association be made $1.00, 50c to go to the Branch Association and 50c to the X^ational, and that the subscrip- tion to the Review be $1.00 in addition. 198 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW Moved by Dr. H. A. Surface, delegate of Pennsylvania Branch, that the report be adopted. Seconded. This called forth a lively discussion, and the question came up at this time as to whether the delegates had authority to change this proposed amendment Avithout the members being previously notified according to Article IX, of the Constitution. The Chair called upon the delegates for a ruling as to w^hether a change could be made at this time, and the vote showed 7 for and 6 against. The vote being so close, a roll-call vote was called for, which stood as follows: Yes — Idaho, 2; Wisconsin, 2 ; Illinois, 5 ; Minnesota. 1 ; Iowa, 1 ; Chicago-Northwestern, 1 ; Hampshire-Hampden-Franklin, 1 ; Pennsylvania, 5 ; \\'orcester County, 1 ; total votes for, 18. Xo — Ohio, 2 ; Adirondack, 1 ; Ten- nessee, 3; Michigan, 2; Indiana. 2; Washington, 1; Colorado 2; Ver- mont, 1. Total against, 14. The vote upheld the ruling that the amendment could be made at this time. After a discussion as to the advisability^ of making this change in fees at this time, the matter was again referred to the committee for their attention. While the committee was in session, the Secretary being absent with the committee as he was asked to meet with them at this time, Delegate C. P. Dadant acted as Secretary pro tern. The Committee on Grading Rules Avas called for, but they were not yet ready to make the report at this time. The committee on incorporation was called for at this time, and made the following report : We recommend that the Secre- tary be instructed to inquire whether the Association's incorpora-" tion made some 20 years ago in Illinois is yet valid. In case there is any doubt about it, we recommend that the Secretary take steps to incorporate, providing the expense does not exceed $50.00. Moved by J. J. Anderson, delegate of Idaho Ploney Producers' Association, that the report be adopted. Seconded and carried. The question of life membership came up at this time, and rec- ommendation was made that the Directors prepare for life member- ship in the X^ational Bee-Keepers' Association. Report of the Auditing Committee was called for and made as follows: First, the books so far as we can discover are correct; second, the Treasurer has not presented vouchers as his authority for disbursements made, and third, no report has been made of accounts due for advertising, etc. Moved by J. J. Anderson, delegate of Idaho Honey Producers' Association, that the report be adopted. Seconded and carried. Motion made by P. C. Crane, delegate of Vermont Branch, that the Secretary be instructed to have the books audited by a public accountant and report published in the Review each year previous to the couA'ention. Seconded and carried. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 199 Report of the Committee on Grading Rules was called for. Dr. E. F. Phillips was called upon to act as chairman of the meeting during the discussion. Chairman of the committee Mr. Demuth made the report of the committee, giving the riiles exactly as printed at the head of the honey columns in the Review. ]*^Ir. Fred Aluth made a separate report for the dealers, ridicul- ing the rules proposed by the Committee of Producers, stating that they were not interpretable, and presented his idea of two grades to be known as Fancy and Xo. 1. Mr. Muth's report follows: "The time is now when the National Bee-Keepers' Association should adopt standard grading rules for comb honey. In order to accomplish this, besides having a standard section and a standard shipping case, we must also have stand- ard grades of honey, and recommend two grades as follows : FANCY— Sections to be well filled ; combs hrmh- attached to the four sides of the sections and not projecting beyond the wood. Entirelj' capped including the outside row next to the wood. Honey water white, and the combs and cap- pings white. \\ ood to be well cleaned, using the No. 1 sections, and no sections in this grade to weigh less than 14 ounces or more than 16 ounces. No. 1 — Sections to be well filled; combs firmly attached to the four sides of the sections and not projecting beyond the wood: entirely capped except the outside row next to the wood. Honey, combs and cappings white and maybe slightly amber, but not dark. Wood to be well cleaned and no section in this grade to weigh less than 13 ounces. The above grades will give the bee-keeper the opportunity to elevate the sale of comb honey, and the buying public a square deal. " In the discussion which followed. 'Sir. Demuth stated that the dealers' two grades would run out 90 per cent of eastern comb honey. Mr. !Muth responded by saying that these grades would secure big prices. Mr. Foster stated that Colorado producers were tending towards grades suggested by the Producers' Committee, and suggested the word "Standard"' instead of "Xo. 2,' as the latter conveys the im- pression of inferiority; suggested the following three words, "Fancy, X'^o. 1. and Standard." Considerable discitssion at this point, fol- lowed by a motion from J- J- Anderson, delegate of Idaho Honey Producers' Association, that the rules presented by the producers be adopted. ^lotion seconded. Discussion followed by ]\Iuth, Ander- son, and Dazenbaker. '\\r. Foster ofifered an amendment to the motion substituting the word "Standard" for the words "X^^o. 2."' The amendment was not seconded. The original motion called for Ijy roll-call and carried. The report of the Committee on Membership and Subscription was called for at this time. Dr. .Surface, chairman, made the follow- ing report for the committee : "There shall be no membership fee in the X^ational Association, ■excepting that required by the local afifiliated association, which fee shall remain in the treasury of the latter. The subscription to the 200 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW official organ, the Bkf.-Keepkrs' Review, shall l^e $1.00 per annum, which shall be sent to the Secretary of the National Association."' Moved by Dr. J. S. Ward, delegate of Tennessee Branch, that the report of the committee be accepted. Seconded and carried. jMoved by E. D. Townsend, delegate of ]ylichigan Branch, that the committee's report recommending the ahujve change in the Con- stitution be adopted. Seconded and carried imanimonsly. The committee made a further recommendation as follows: "Re- solved, that we recommend to the Association the appomtment by the managing editor of assistant editors to pass on contribuiions in the following departments : Bee Breeding, Beginners' Department, Comb Honey Production, Extracted Honey Production, Association Business, Crop Reports and Prices, Inspection Service, Affiliated As- sociations, Scientific Contributions, Announcements and Reports of Meetings." A discussion on this was indulged in l:)y Dr. Phillips. C. P. Da- dant and Wesley Foster. Moved by C. P. Dadant, delegate of Illinois Branch, that the Association give a vote of thanks to ^Ir. Aluth for his efforts in making this meeting a success. Seconded and carried. Report of the Committee on Resolutions was called for. and wa.s made by Chairman ^^'eber. as follows: That the thanks of this Association be extended to the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce for the interest they have shown us, also a vote of thanks for the trolley ride which they gave us. To extend our thanks to the hotel people, who so kindly arranged to the best of their abihty. Resolved, That this association deeply sympathizes with the family of R. E. Taylor in their bereavement and sorrow ; and be it further resolved, that a copy of this resolution be spread upon the minutes, and that a copy be sent to the bereaved family. Whereas, Eternal Vigilance seems necessary to prevent exorbitant freight rates on honey, therefore be it resolved, that we urge Congress and the Inter- state Commerce Commission to protect the bee-keepers, by preventing any un- necessary advance in freight rates on honey; and be it fiirflier resolved, that the President and Secretary be appointed to look after these interests of the bee- keepers in all matters pertaining to freight rates. C. H. W. Weber, S. W. Snyder, E. D. Townsend. ]\loved by C. P. Dadant, delegate of Illinois Branch, that tlie report of the committee be accei)ted. and acted ttp(^n. Seconded and carried unanimously. ?\ loved by C. P. Dadant. delegate of Illinois Branch, that the Executive Board select a place and time of meeting for the discus- sion of bee topics once a vear under the auspices of the National Association. Seconded and carried. Report of the Committee on Policv and Extension was called for and was made b\- Chairman I. I. Anderson, as follows: THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 201 "We believe that it should be the policy and purpose of this organization to seek to accomplish the utmost good possible for all its members, to broaden its scope and extend its usefulness in every legitimate way; that there should be no north, south, east or west, but a harmonious working together for the good of the whole; that with a proper and effective system of management, this organiza- tion may and should thoroughly post itself both as to market conditions and crop product, and by proper utdization of this knowledge at once avoid the glutting of any market and secure for its members a fair and remunerative price for their product. We feel that a legitimate held for the operation of the National Bee-Keepers' Association and one giving promise of most fruitful results, is the matter of advertising honey, and educating the public to its more general use. The means of accomplishing this are many. Among them we suggest the issuing of leaflets for distribution by producers and distributed among consumers ; publishing when- ever possible in newspapers of local as well as general circulation articles setting forth the great value and virtues of honey as a food, large display signs or pla- cards, advertisements in local papers, inviting members and others to write brief, pithy articles of a few sentences the best to be selected and used, etc., etc. That some person or body representing the Association should be constantly giving attention to the matter of advertising and educating the public. Another field in which the Association may be of vast service to its members is the purchase of supplies. We believe that since in union there is strength and in numbers enthusiasm, it should be the policy of this organization to increase its membership to the fullest possible extent, never slackening its efforts nor feeling that its work in this direction is wasted so long as there are bee-keepers in our land who are not members. That to this end and also as a means of education the publishing of an official paper is a most potent force, and that every member of the Association should do his utmost to increase the circulation of the ofificial organ of the Association. We believe to the end that the consumption of honey be made what it deserves from its high value as a pure food product, as well as its medicinal qualities, the aim of the Association should be to place the same in the hands of the consumer at as low a price as possible, and at the same time give the producer a fair and remunerative return for his labor and investment. We recommend that the incoming Board of Directors be instructed to formu- late if possible some plan providing for life membership in the N. B. K. A., to be submitted to the next annual meeting. We further recommend that the Board of Directors consider the advisability and feasibility of having at future conventions a stenographer to record the discussions and the papers that may be read, the same to be published in the columns of the ofificial organ." ]\foYed by Wesley Foster, delegate of Colorado, that the report be accepted. Seconded and carried. Moved that the matter of standardizing^ of color for grading be referred to the Bureau of Entomology for action. Seconded and carried. Mr. J. J. Anderson at this point spoke in fa^'or of having honey sold in cans at gross weight, weighing in the can in order that the bee-keeper should be able to receive pay for the package. The Na- tional laws would not permit this being done without stating spe- cifically the exact amount of honey the package contained. The election of officers was now taken up. Nominations for President were made, Avhen the following- were nominated: Dr. B. N. Gates, N. E. France, Dr. H. A. Surface, and C. P. Dadant. 202 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW No one ha\ing" received the majority of all the votes cast, the ballot was again spread, when Dr. Gates received 15, Dr. Surface 11. Moved by J. J. Anderson, delegate of the Idaho I-loney Produc- ers' Association, that the election of Dr. Ciates be made unanimous. Seconded and carried. Nominations for Vice-President were made, when Dr. H. A. Sur- face was nominated. ]\roved by AX'esley Foster, delegate of Colorado Branch, that the rules be suspended, and the Secretary be instructed to cast the un- animous ^■ote for Dr. Surface, for A^ice-President. Seconded and carried. The Secretary cast the vote, and the election of Dr. Surface was declared. Nominations for Secretary were called for, wdien E. B. Tyrrell was nominated. Moved by C. P. Dadant. delegate of Illinois Branch, that the President cast the unanimous ballot of the convention for Mr. Tyr- rell as Secretary. Seconded and carried. The President cast 'he ballot, and Mr. Tyrrell was declared elected. Nominations for Treasurer were made, when C. P. Dadant, of Illinois, was nominated. Moved by P. C. Crane, delegate of Vermont Branch, that the Secretary be instructed to cast a unanimous ballot at the convention for Mr. Dadant, as Treasurer. Seconded and carried. The .Secre- tary cast the ballot and Mr. Dadant was declared elected. Nominations for Directors for two 3'ears were made with the following nominations: Prof. Wilmon Newel, of Texas; Wesley Foster, of Colorado ; E. D. Townsend, Michigan ; J. M. Buchanan, Tennessee ; E. J. Baxter, of Illinois ; Morley Pettit, of Ontario. The result of the ballot showed those elected were Wesley Fos- ter, E. D. Townsend and Prof, ^^'ilmon Newell, as delegates for two years. Nominations for Directors for one year: F. B. Cavanagh. of In- diana; Morley Pettit, of Ontario; A. C. Allen, of Wisconsin; J. M. Buchanan, of Tennessee. The ballot showed the election of F. B. Cavanagh and J. M. Buchanan as Directors for one year. The following resolution was offered at this time. "Resolved, that the National Bee-Keepers' Association extend to Mr. N. E. France, of Wisconsin, their appreciation of his valued services in behalf of this organization and the bee-keepers at large, and at this time wish to extend to him their heartfelt sympathy in his present affliction. It being further resolved that a copy of this resolution be spread upon the records of this Association, and the Secretary be instructed to forward a copy to Mr. France." Motion seconded and carried. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 203 NATIONAL GRADING RULES Adof'tcd at Cincinnati, Feb, 13, 1913. Sections of comb hoiiej' are to be graded: First, as to finish; second, as to color of honey; and third, as to weight. The sections of honey in any given case are to be so nearly alike in these three respects that any section shall be representative of the contents of the case. I. FIXISH: 1. Extra Fancy — Sections to be evenly filled, comb firmly attached to the four sides, the sections to be free from propolis or other pronounced stain, combs and cappings white, and not more than six unsealed cells on either side. 2. Fancy — Sections to be evenly filled, comb firmly attached to the four sides, the sections free from propolis or other pronounced stain, comb and cappings white and not more than six unsealed cells on either side exclusive of the outside row. 3. No. I — Sections to be evenly filled, comb firmly attached to the four sides, the sections free from propolis or other pronounced stain, comb and capp;ngs wh.te to slightly off color, and not more than 40 unsealed cells, exclusive of the outside row. 4. No. 2 — Comb not projecting beyond the box, attached to the sides not less than two-thirds of the way around and not more than UO unsealed cells exclusive of the row adjacent to the box. II. COLOR: On the basis of color of the honey, comb honey is to be classified as: first, white; second, light amber; third, amber; and fourth, dark. III. W'EIGHT: 1. Heavy — No section designated as heavy to weigh less than fourteen ounjes. i. Mcdxum — No section designated as medium to weigh less than twelve ounces. 3. Light — No section designated as light to weigh less than ten ounces. In describing honey, three words or symbols are to be used, the first being descrip- tive of the finish, the second of color and the third of weight. As for example: Fancy, white, heavy (F-W-H) ; No. 1, Amber, medium (1-A-M), etc. In this way any of the possible combinations of finish, color and weight can be briefly described. CULL, HOXEY Cull honey shall consist of the following: Honey packed in soiled second-hand cases or that in badly stained or propolized sections; sections containing pollen, honey-dew honey, honey showing signs of granulation, poorly ripened, sour or "weeping" honey; sections -with comb projecting beyond the box or well attached to the box less than two- thirds the distance around its inner surface; sections with more than 60 unsealed cells, exclusive of the row adjacent to the box; leaking, injured, or patched up sections; sec- tions weighing less than ten ounces. BOSTON — Fancy and No. 1 white comb, 16c to ITc per lb. Fancy white extracted, lie to 12c. Beeswax, 30c. BLAKE-LEE CO. April 7. SEATTLE, $3.25@$3.50. March 24. WASH.— Comb, Idaho, case. DETROIT, MICH.— Choice to fancy white comb, 18(a20c; amber, 14@16c; extracted, 9^ (a 10c per lb. March 28. LOS ANGELES— Extracted water white, 9^@9^c; extracted ■ light amber, S^fe9c; comb water white, 17@20c; white, 1.5@16c; light amber, 14@loc; beeswax, 30c per lb. March 19. SAN FRANCISCO— Comb water white, lb., 13(gl4c; comb amber, 10@llc; extracted, dark, 5^^(a. Gc; dark, S@10c; extracted, white, 9(ai0c; extracted, light amber, 6^@7c; bees- wax, 24(5 27c per lb. March 19. CHICAGO — Comb honey has cleaned up, this market being practically bare at this time, but that is not the fact with extracted, and there is especially heavy offerings of the alfalfa and sweet clover grades. Fancy comb brings 17c to 18c, with other grades from Ic to oc per lb. less. Extracted clover and lindens brings 9c to 10c; other white honeys, 7y2C to 9c per lb. Beeswax, 31c to 32c iier lb. R. A. BURNETT & CO., Apr. 17. 173 \V. South Water St. KANSAS, CITY, MO.— The supply of comb honey is entirely exhausted. We still have some demand. The supply of extracted honey is light; demand also light. We quote as fol- lows: Extracted white, per lb., 8 to S'-'^c; ex- tracted amber, per lb., 7 to 7;-^c; beeswax, per lb., 2,')C to 2Sc. C. C. CLEMONS PRODUCE CO. Apr. 17. DENVER — We quote comb honey in a job- bing way at the following figures: Fancy, per case of 24 sections, $3.15; No. 1, $3.05. We are out of the lower grades of comb honey. Extracted honey, white, 9c; light amber, Sc; strained, G)4c to 7c. We pay 2Sc in cash and 30c in trade for clean yellow beeswax, deliv- ered here. THE COL. HONEY PRODUCERS' ASSN., March 24. F. Rauchfuss, Manager. NEW YORK CITY— The market is practi- cally bare of comb honey of all grades; some few small odd lots are coming in as yet and find ready sale at from 14c to 16c for white, and lie to 13c per pound for dark and am- ber, according to quality and style of pack- age. The market for extracted honey has 204 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW been very quiet during the past two months and we do not see any indications for a bet- ter demand, as the supply is more than ample to meet the demand California light amber sage, which was reported to be of very short crop in the beginning of the season, was held at high figures and now it is being offered flujte freely with no buyers. West Indian is arriving very freely with' very little demand and prices are declining right along the line. We quote California sage light amber at 7^2C to 8c per pound; California alfalfa at 6c to 65^c per pound, and West Indian at 73c to 75c per gallon. „,, Feb. 19. HILDRETH & SEGELKEN. Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your adi'ertisement in this department. HONEV AND WAX. Wanted. — -Comb, extracted honey and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 So. Water St., Chicago. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. HiLDRETH & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. Honey. — Finest quality, white alfalfa ex- tracted honey, guaranteed pure. 2 60-lb. cans, $12.25, freight paid to your station, or 9c f. o. b. Troy. J. W. Griffin, Troy, Texas. BEES AND QUEENS. For Sale — 50 to 300 colonies, 8-frame, good condition E. F. Atwater, Meridian, Idaho. Bees by the pound, without comb, $1.25; Yz lb., 75c; queen, Italian, $1.00. Rosedale Apiaries, Big Bend, La. Untested Dark Italian Queens — Howe strain; select mated. No other bees in mating distance. Readv about June 10th. Send for circular; 1 queen $1.00, 6 for $4.50, 12 for $8.50. D. G. Little, Hartley, la. Golden Italian Queens that produce golderi bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each $1, six $5; tested $2. .T. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. I Shall Reoueex all of my colonies this spring. I will" sell the one year old queens for 40c, any quantity. Safe delivery guaran- teed. When ordering mention Bee-Keepers' Review. E. O. Meserve, Ventura, California. Bees in yi and 1-lb. packages without queen, $1.25 and $2.00. These are young bees free from disease and will greatly stimulate your weak colonies. Any serious loss by shipment will be made good by us. Charles C. Schneider, Dancy, Alabama. Rapid City, Mich., Dec. 16, 1912. National Bee-Keepers' Association, Detroit, Michigan. Gentlemen : — Enclosed please find check for $1.50 for renewal of Review and Association membership. The Review has been a great help to me and I would not like to miss a number. Had 14 colonies last spring and went into winter with 38 colonies, besides getting a little over a 1,000 lbs. of nice comb honej^ The demand is limited here for fancy honey. Sold it for 121/2 cents per section to grocery stores and some very nicely cartoned for 15 cents per section. Most all the other bee-keepers sold for 10 cents and some for 12><^ cents per section. Yours truly, Henry Behrens. Inc'd. 1924 Jackson Street, Anderson, Indiana, January 12, 1913. Mr. E. B. Tyrrell. Dear Sir:— Am reading Joseph Scott's article on "Some Glimpses of Bee-Keeping in a Warm Climate," where he allows to leave. The thought came to me when in the spring we in the north are wanting bees why could not our south- ern friends hive these swarms and sell them to us at a small profit. If this can be answered in the Review would be glad to see it. 1)ut if you have not a department for such, do not bother. G. BOSWORTH. .Shall Reoueen all my colonies this spring. Will sell all one-year-old queens 40c apiece. $4.00 per dozen. LTntested Italian queens of Doolittle, J. P. Moore's stock, 60c apiece, $5.00 per dozen. No disease. Safe arrival guaran- teed. E. O. Meserve, Ventura, Cal. For Sale — 50 colonies Italian Hybrid bees, 10-frame, free from disease, at $4.00; 1,500 extra combs, shallow and deep, 10 cents and 20 cents. Supers. Rev. F. Schedtler, Sum- ner, la., R. 7. Wanted. — 200 colonies bees, any style hive or box. For sale, 250 painted dovetailed supers for i% sections at 25c each in lots of 25 or more. Correspondence solicited. A. W. Smith, Birmingham, Mich. Three-Band Italian Queens — Untested $1, tested $1.50. Two-frame nucleus $2.50 with the price of the queen added. 15 years a breeder. Full colony in 10-frame dove-tailed or Danz hive. Descriptive circular free. J. W. Leib, Ohio Ave., Columbus, Ohio. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 205 Queens by Return Mail — Three-band Ital- ian only. Bees that are bred for business. Tested Oueens $1.00 each, $12.00 per dozen. Untested' $1.00 each, $9.00 per dozen. ^ Xo disease; satisfaction guaranteed. J. W. K. Shaw & Co., Loreauville, Iberia Parish, La. We Will Requeen all our 2,000 colonies this spring; we offer the one-year-old queens removed from these hives at 40c each, any quantity. Untested queen this year's breed- ing 60c each, delivery guaranteed. Book or- ders now. Spencer Apiaries Co , Nordhoff, Calif Quirin's Famous Improved Italian Queens, nuclei, colonies and bees by the pound, ready in May. Our stock is northern-bred and hardy; five yards wintered on summer stands in 1908 and' 1909 without a single loss. For prices send for circular. Quirin-the-Queen- Breeder, Bellevue, Ohio. Italian Queens, bred in Southern Michi- gan; just far enough north to have superior winterers for all northern states and Canada. Bees by pound and half pound. My free de- scriptive list tells it all. Untested, $1.00; select tested, $1.50. My goldens are bred up from imported 3-band stock to start with. (Gentle) select golden untested, $1.10. See list. Plans "How to Introduce Queens," 15c; "How to Increase," 15c; both, 25c. E. E. MoTT, Glenwood, Mich. Golden and Three Banded Italian, also gray Carniolan queens. Tested, $1.00 each; 3 or more, 90c each. Untested, 75c each; 3 to 6, 70c each; 6 or more, 65c each. Bees per pound $1.25; nuclei per frame $1.50. A discount on orders booked 30 days before shipment. Bankston & Lyon, Box 64, Buf- falo, Leon County, Texas. We Will Reoueen all our 2000 colonies this spring with young queens bred from our best home and imported Italian stock. We of- fer the one-year-old queens removed from these hives at 40c each, untested queens this year's breeding, 60c. Special reduced prices for 100 or more either young or old. We breed for business, not for looks. No disease. Delivery guaranteed. Book orders now to in. sure early delivery. Xordkoff, California. Spencer Apiaries Co., Carniolan Queens. — Untested $1.00 for one, $5.50 for six, $10.00 for 12. Tested $1.50 for one, $8.00 for six, $15.00 for 12. These queens are bred from the best strains selected after sending to queen raisers in many dif- ferent places in Austria. Having bought all the bees within several miles of this apiary we will agree to replace any untested queens that prove to be hybrids. Some of the best imported Carniolans show slight traces of yel- low, but are gentle, not a cross hybrid with two or three yellow bands. Wm. Kernan, Rt. 2, Dushore, Pa. MISCEI^IiANEOUS. Want to Send You our catalog and price list of beehives and fixtures. They are nice and cheap. W'hite Mfg. Co., Greenville, Tex. For Sale — Bee-Keepers' supplies, honey and bees. Write for price circular. A. E. Bur- dick, Sunnyside, Wash. Recleaned Silveriiull Seed Buckwheat — ■ One bu. $1.15, 2 bu. $2.15, 5 or more bu. $1.00 Iter bu., bags included. Order now. Wm. Vollmer, Akron, N. Y. For Sale — 100 eight-frame and 20 ten-frame comb supers complete with foundations and sections at 35c each. Not factory made. 20 Miller feeders and 50 comb shipping cases at one-third market value. Leon C. Wheeler, Barryton, Mich. For Sale — Two Hatch wax presses, two solar extractors, two frame extractors for frames shorter than Langstroth, one Daisy foundation fastener, one Lewis fastener, one Globe veil, one capping melter, one gravity separator. These are practically new goods and will be sold for 60 to 70% of their orig- inal cost. Leon C. Wheeler, Barryton, Mich. FOVIiTBy. Sicilian Buttercups. — The most persistent layers and non-sitting strain eggs, $1.50 and $:3".no per 15. Walter M. Adema, Berlin, Mich. SUPPLIES I carrv an up-to-date line. New Eng- land Distributor of ROOT'.S celebrated Bee-Keepers' Supplies. ITALIAN BEES and QUEENS in their season. My de- scriptive catalogs tells you all about these things, and is sent free upon recjuest. EARL M . NICHOLS, Lyonsville, >Iassachusett.s. WANTED New Crop Honey Both Comb and Extracted Hildreth & Segelken 2o5--67 Green^ioli St. XKW YORK CITY. >'. Y. I CU/IC UIUCO ARE BUILT LIKE FURNITURE Ltff lO nil to ARE PERFECT IN ALL RESPECTS ARE BUILT LIKE FURNITURE send for An„aal catalog which wUltell yon who u yonr nearest Uutnbnter. G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. 206 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Line Bred Carniolan Queens Selected and bred according to the most powerful method known to intensify and per- petuate the good qualities of the breeding queen. Orders booked now for June delivery. Unte.sted .$1.00 each; $9.00 iloz. Tested $1.."»0 eae'^ Breeders (1012 Resirin" ) $10.00 Ask for our paper, "Superiority of the Carniolan Bee." It's free. AI.BEUT G. HANN, Carniolan Queen Breeder. Pittstoivn. N. .1. Italian, Carniolan and Banat Queens The best to be had of either race, pure, healthy and well bred. Let me book 3'our orders now. Tesed queens, $1.25 each; $12.00 doz. Untested. 75c each ; $8.00 doz. Free circular. GRANT ANDERSON San Benito, Texas. AUDELS ANSWERS ON AUTOMOBILES CARE RUNNING HOW TO RUN AN AUTO ««t «« « FREE FOR EXAMINATION l/l/ H I SIYA/C Are you interested in au- W W ^ I I ^ | 1bI WW ^^ tomobiles? If so, let us W ■ » ^^9 Mmd^M, W W k^ send vou on seven days' free trial — without depos- Will be ready to take care of your Queen it— this big, new 512-page orders, whether large or small, the coming illusU-ated manual, en- season. Twenty-five years of careful breeding ".\iidels Ans^vers on brings Laws' Queens above the usual standard; Automobiles." better let us book your orders now. It is impossible to get thp Tested Queens in March; untested, after greatest emciency out ot ■,,,'». ^ ,.^ r- , a car until you know April 1st. About 50 first-class breeding queens every point in running, ready at any date. caring for and adjusting Prices: Tested, $1.25; 5 for $5.00; Breed- the machine , d.r <^/^ * j i In this new book just the e.s, each $5.00. Address problems you are up against are solved in a \ir IJ I _^„ RfPvillp T<»Xa«i way that you can easily »» • •**• A-aWb, OeCVlllC, 1 CAdS understand, and so that vou can immediately turn ^-^^ ihe ^i^irowiSU"^' ''"'' BEE-KEEPERS! r» • d»1 CA ^^ '^°"''' *^"' ^°" *° If y°" liave Dwindling Colonies, send a IrriCe, H»1.!3U take our word, or any- postal for price list on young Italian Bees by one else's for it We ,he lb., with or without oueens. No disease, are willing to send you j-p WILL PAY YOU TO INQUIRE AT the book without deposit. Use it seven days ONCE. Satisfaction Guaranteed. Reference in connection with your car. Then send ^y special permission. First National Bank of back the book or remit $1.50. Could any- Pomona, Cal. Address 475 West Center St. thing be fairer? J. M. STRIPSKEY, Pomona, Cal. Cut out and fill in your name and address plainly at the bottom, place it in an envelope gges, OuCCnS, Orailffe HonCV and mail. Your copy of y ~^ 7 o J ''Audels Answers on Automobiles" will reach you by return post, prepaid. ■*,-,-.«..«. w^ « . n.w . w«.»^ - ir..;;„.T B-,-<,T„eT, -,7„..- - - SWARTHMORE APIARIES I 214 Hammond Bldg., Detroit, Mieh. -p ^e late E. L. Pratt's Celebrated Gentle I Kindly mail me copy of Audels An- /^r^w T\r<%T rv ¥ T r- r" IkT C ' swers on Automobiles, and, if found sat- lilJLlJhlN All OVER (JUhtlNS I isftctory, I will immediately remit you VJVftil/Lill ALLUVE.IV \1\JL.L.IJ^ $1.50, or return the book to you. PEDIGREED I Occupation Never Had Foul Brood I Name • ■ Address PENN G. SNYDER, State Apiary Inspector THE BEEWARE BRAND MFAN^ ^IIPPPvlKerlancl. Member of National Bee-Keepers' Association. This country, politically, Switzerland Re- public, lies geographically in Italy, and pos- sesses the best kind of bees known. In writing, please mention "Review." ITALIAN QUEENS Beginners' outfits anil otiier supplies. Send foi- list. Address AMSO APIARV CO., Glendale, California. Make Your Own Hives Ree Keepers will save money by using our Foot "" SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford, Illinois. GET TOP NOTCH PRICES nv USING LEWIS SECTIONS send for Annu.i cauiog which wm^^^^^^^ ■-MM u^.... ..».._.. Hi . .. .> ......>..•..<. ...npn yo" who 15 your nearest Uutriboter. FOR YOUR HONEY Dl AND SHIPPING CASES G.B.Lewi.C.mpany.W.tert.wn.Wi.. 208 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW ATTENTION! Very important to all bee-keepers all over the world and who desire to improve their native or mixed strains of bees! Tlie direct exportation from Carniola of the Gray-Banded Alpine Bee to all parts of the world, which until now was conducted l>y the Imperial Royal Agricul- tural Association of Carniola, in the future will managre on his own account. JOHANIT STBGAB, Wittnach, P. O. Wocheiner Peistritz, Upper- Carniola (Krain), Austria. Owner of 58 honors awarded to him at diverse Agricultural Exhibitions for his achievements as a breeder of the best strain of Carniolans and producer of agricul- tural products. All Queens taken from full colonies, and not over one year old. Mailed post- age free. Dead select tested queens will be replaced if returned in 24 hours after arrival, except if they arrive in such a state in Soutli-America and Australia. Dead select untested queens not replaced, except if sent to European countries. Sate arrival of nuclei and hives not guaranteed, (except if shipped to European countries.) Orders of this kind must accompany freight expenses. The safest transport of stock is in Carniolan box-hives; atter arrival, or later, the combs can be cut out to fit anv frame. Prices of select tested Queens: March, April, May, $5.00; June. July. Aug., Sept., October. $3.50. Select untested queens: June, July, August $2.00. Carniolan box-hives with 4-5 pounds of bees, select tested queen, brood, honev. .ST. no; loco R. R. Station, Woclieiner Feistritz. White English for complete price list and new Booklet (which will be mailed free of postage) under above address. BLACK BROOD! BLACK BROOD! A quetn that resists it is worth ten that do not. We have queens that resist it because our breeding queens are selected from among- hundredis of colonies in the black brood distri^ct that are down and out with this disease. Our breeding queens have stood the test, some for two seasons, and are themselves Positively Black Brood Resistent The Benton System is our system of production, and a superior product is our guaranty. Send for four-page circular on the Italian Bee and how to treat for Black RALPH BENTON l^.^^^l^l^^"" Office: 20T4 We.st 27th St. XOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA A Boyum Foundation Fastener is just what you want. Price postpaid only $1.75 And a Boyum Section Press Price postpaid only $1.00. Both postpaid for $2.50 Manufactured by THE BOYUM APICULTUR.AL CO., Rushford, Minn. /»i|||f Cor FRUITS, SYRUPS w>lfwO — and HONEY ^ t LowJI/SicEs Also Labels, Solder and Supplies 1 We ship any size order ^"^^^'r^d'a^-Ji^q^Sty^ttei''''''"^ I MATIOMAL CAN COMPANY, Oepf. 9 , BALTIMORE, MP. | DISTRIBUTING TAH i rilflO nrrlAf ART Send for Annual Catalog which will tell you who is your nearest Distributer. G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. 30 "houses for lewis beeware THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 209 New Bee Supplies at a Reduction THEY consist of 24 Little Won- der Bingham Smokers that are of- fered at the exceedingly low price of 45 cents each, or three for $1.20, Postage extra. They weigh 2 lbs. each ready for mailing l)y parcel post. Also 4 doz. Porter Bee Escapes without boards at 11 cents each or $1.25 per doz. Mrs. W. Z. Hutchinson, 1123 Detroit St., FLINT, MICH. Comb Foundation Working Wax You have to go below the surface of things to find THE REASON WHY the HONEY BEES like Dittmer Process Comb Foundation It is because, it is PURE, WHOLE- SOME, has the TASTE, SMELL, and FIRMNESS of the Honey Comb the Honey Bee make themselves. You will be money ahead to send your wax to DITTMER to be worked into Foundation. SE^I> FOR FRilCES AND DISCOUIVTS. GUS. DITTMER CO. Augusta, Wis. PAGE-KENKEL MFG. CO. MANUFACTURERS OF THE "NONE BETTER" Bee - Keepers' Supplies THIRTY YEARS EXPERIENCE Perfect sections from young, white, basswood. White Pine Hives and Supers, Excellent Shipping Cases, Brood Frames, Separators, etc. We invite your correspondence. FOR SALE— The Very Best Golden or 5 band, 3 band Italian and Carniolan Queens. Untested Oueen, 1 for $1;_ tested Queen, 1 for $1.'50. Nu- clei with untested Oueen, 1 frame, $2.50; two for $3.50. Nuclei with tested Queen, 1 frame, $3; 2 for $4. Quick service and satisfaction guaranteed. (Bee Hive ) Page-Kenkel Mfg. Co. New London, Wis. MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best yoimg basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. 210 THE BEF.-KEEPERS- REVIEW DADANT & SONS. Hamilton, III. Dear Sirs : — In reply to your favor, I take this opportunity to let you know that I am a customer of yours. I used considerable of your Surplus foundation some time ago, but got side-tracked. I would have saved money Ijy using your foundation, some time ago, but got R. M. GUTHRIE, Reno. Nev. DAD AX T & SONSr Hamilton. III. Dear Sirs: — Mr. X. E. France's recommendation of your goods is all O. K., but I have one that is more convincing, at least for me. I own five yards, and nearly all the combs in them are drawn from Dadant's foundation. There nnist be a reason. T. M. DONALDSON 51 E. 3d St., Mooreston, N. J. Write Today. Agents Everywhere. A. G. WOODMAN CO. Grand Rapids Agents for Michigan DADANT & SONS, HAMILTON, ILLINOIS. HAVE YOU SEEN IT? THE N= American Bee Journal IT PLEASES Friend Dadant: — Say, do you folks know the Old Reliable is just more than forging to the front? Yours truly, Lansing. Mich., Feb. 9. A. D. D. WOOD. NEW Editor NEW Cover NEW Manager Select Material Free Sample Copy Illustrated $1.00 a Year C. p. DADANT DR. C. C. MILLER American Bee Journal, Hamilton, Illinois THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 211 COMB HONEY Our Trade Calls for the Finest Grades You Have it to Sell WE NEED IT It Will Pay You to Get Our Prices Before You Sell Fill Out Coupon Below and Mail It to Us American Butter and Ctieese Co. 31-33 Griswold Street DETROIT, MICH. COUPON American Butter and Cheese Co., Detroit, Mich. Gentlemen — / have at this writing /lives of bees, which will be run for comb hone^ this })ear. I am using section, which is . .x. .x in size. I sold mp hone]) last year for . . c per pound. Would liJ^e to have your quotations when the market opens. Expect to have honey ready for shipment about Signed A ddress Date 212 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Attention ! Michigan Bee- Keepers This issue of the Eee-Keepcrs' Review is being sent to one thousand Michigan bee-keepers who are not at present members. The fact that you are getting a copy of the Review is proof that you are one of the one thou- sand, selected from seventeen tliousand Michigan bee-keepers. We want you to l)ecome acquainted with the Michigan Bee-Keepers' Association, which is a part of the National Bee-Keepers' Association, and to also read its official organ. The Bee-Keepers' Review. WHAT DO YOU GET FOR YOUR HONEY? Do you know that last year the demand for No. 1 Michigan comb honey could not be supplied ; that producers received as high as sixteen to eigh- teen cents a pound f o. b. producer's station? You can get good prices for your honey if you produce the proper kind, and know where to sell it. By being a member of the Michigan Association you will be assisted in finding these markets. HOW THIS IS DONE For a numl)er of years past, with the exception of last year, the Mich- igan Association has issued annually a little booklet, giving the names and addresses of its members having honey for sale. This booklet was issued and sent to those wishing to buy honey. In this way all our members were placed in communication with a good many buyers. This is something that is worth while to you, no matter if you only have a very few swarms of l)ees. BEE DISEASES There are prevalent in Michigan today, two distinct Iiee diseases, which are killing off hundreds of colonies. These diseases may l)e in your locality. There is a law providing for help from the State, and if you are a memlier of the Michigan Association, full information can be given you as to how this help can be received. THE MICHIGAN ASSOCIATION The Michigan A'^sociation is a part of the National Association, hence if you are a member of the Michigan you are also a member of the Na- tional. This gives you membership in two bee-keepers' societies, the State Association and the National Association. The National is collecting each year crop reports from its members and publishing these reports in its official journal, the Revtew. The National also furnishes its members with tin and glass honey packages, at an exceptionally low rate. It also, through its journal, keeps you posted regarding" the new things in bee-keeping. (Continued on next pagre) THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 213 THE REVIEW The Bee- Keepers' Review is the official organ of the National Associa- tion. It is owned and published by the National, hence if you are a mem- ber }-ou are part owner of this paper. Its regular issues contain forty pages and cover. It goes monthly to each subscriber. It gives honey quota- tions ; instructions to beginners ; tells through its pages where to purchase your bee supplies ; where to sell your honey ; and gives up to date methods of bee-keeping through its contributed articles. I am sure that when you look over this copy 3'ou will realize that the Review is a first class jour- nal in every respect. The cuts are the best, the paper of high quality, and the information it contains is reliable. ALL THESE BENEFITS FOR $1.50. \\ hen you realize that you can get membership in the National Asso- ciation, membership in the Michigan Association, and the Bee-Keepers' Review, each month, all three for one year, at the cost of only $1.50, you will realize that you are getting an exceptionally good bargain offered you. And you can save this $1.50, and more too, by buying your honey packages through the National. Fill out the blank below, send it to the secretary of the National Association, together with your personal check, money order, cash, or in fact any convenient way for you, and you will be enrolled as a member of the Michigan* Association to January 1, 1914, a member of the National Association to the same date and the Review will be sent you each month for one year, from the time yoi:r remittance is received. Act now, in order to get in for the crop report blanks which will be sent in either the June or July issues. Michigan Bee-Keepers' Association MR. O. H. SCHMIDT, Secretary, Bay City, Michigan. Dear Sir : Enclosed please find $1.50. which I understand entitles me to membership in the Michigan Bee-Keepers' Association, and in the National Bee-Keepers' Association, to January 1st. 1914. It also entitles me to twelve issues, or a one year's subscription to the Bee- Keepers' Review. I)eg"!nning with the next issue after vou receive tb.is remittance. Sifiued A ddress . Date. 214 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Bee-Keepers** Association will Furnish You Quality Cans At Wholesale Prices. Standard Sizes, I J ere we are with a standard can. Of course, you have bought sixty-pound cans, but did you ever know what size those cans would be, what weight of tin they were made of. or what kind of a box they would be placed in for shipment? Of course, you didn't. You simply had to order sixty-pound cans and take what you got. Sometimes you did not get a very good can. Some- times the box w-as not strong enough to stand shipment without breakage. Sometimes you paid a big price for those cheap cans in the loss of honey you sustained through leakage. Here Are the Specifications Our contract with the Company which is furnishing us our cans reads in part as follows : "We herewith agree to furnish the requirements of your Association with the following packages during one year from date, subject to prices and terms as stated below, and with the understanding that shipments will be consigned direct from our factorv to the various members of vour Association : 60-lb. cans Five-gallon Square, Round-Corner Cans, 9;''s" square by VdJ/s" high, with wire handle, paneled sides and 1-34" Cork-Lined Inner Seal Screw. Above packages in lots of 50 cans. crated 20c per can Above packages cased singly with case having J^" ends and ^" sides, tops and bottoms 33c each Above packages cased in pairs with case having ~/s" ends and }i" sides, tops and bottoms GOc each F. O. B. Detroit All Cans to be carefully soldered and tested with compressed air under water to prevent the possible shipment of leakers. Weight of Tin used on above Cans to be not less than 100 lbs. per base box of 112 sheets 14x20". Freight Rates To Canadian points you must figure a duty of 25 per cent, which can be paid by you when you receive the cans. The minimum weights for car lots are as follows : To the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers, 14.000 lbs. ; to points beyond it is 15.000 lbs., and direct to the coast terminals it is 20,000 lbs. Shipping weight of a case of two sixty-pound cans, boxed, is about 17 lbs. Crates of 50 ship at 215 lbs. and crates of 100 ten-pound friction top pails ship at 100 lbs. per crate. All cans and pails shipped from Detroit, Mich. THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 215 Note the Inner Seal Under the present pure food laws, if you ship your honey from one State to another, you must guarantee its purity. With noth- ing but a screw cap on your cans, how do you know your honey would not be tampered with after it left you and before it reached the buyer? We are furnishing; you this year a can having an inner seal. This inner seal costs you nothing extra and can be used or not. If used, it does not interfere with the regular screw cap, but when once in place it cannot be removed without de- stroying it. This prevents your honey being tampered with with- out detection, for, of course, after the inner seal is destroyed the buyer will know it is not as it left you. This certainly is an im- portant consideration, and is fur- nished free on all cans ordered through the National Association. Friction Top Honey Pail 12 lb. F. T. Honey Pails, 6^^x734 $7.00 per 100 10 lb. F. T. Honey Pails, 6?/^x7 .... 6.75 per 100 6 lb. F. T. Honey Pails, 5Hxo}4 5.25 per 100 5 lb. F. T. Honey Pails, 5>^x5 9/16. . 5.00 per 100 3 lb. F. T. Honey Cans, 4 3/16x47^. . 2.75 per 100 Square Gallon Cans 1 gal. Square Round-Corner Flat-Top Cans with wire liandle and 1^" Cork-Lined Screw Caps. In Crates, $7.00 per hundred. Re-Shipping Cases for Gallon Square Packages Reshipping Case to hold 10 1-gallon packages 2i)c each Reshipping Case to hold 6 1-gallon packages 15c each Reshipping Case to hold 12 1-gallon packages 23c each We Could Have Secured Cheaper Cans Yes, sir, we could have furnished you cans at a less price than what we are quoting you above; but they would not have been the same cans. If any- one else tries to get your business, request them to furnish cans according to the above specifications — at least, so far as weight, size and shipping cases are concerned, and see where you are in price. NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION 214 Hammond Eldg., DETROIT, MICH. 216 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Michigan Comb and Extracted Honey Wanted We are in the market for comb and extracted honey. We have a trade that demands the ^Michigan product. We want to get in touch with every ^Michigan bee- keeper who produces honey for sale. No matter whether your honey crop is big or Httle, you want to sell it to the best advantage, and it will pay you to learn what we can do for vou. Write Now Send us your name and address on a postal card, telling how many swarms of bees you have now, and what kind of honey you will have to sell next fall, wdiether comb or extracted. We realize that you can- not tell now what your crop will be, but by writing now we will have your name and address placed on file 5o we can send you quotations as soon as there is a demand for your product. If you will write us, we will be glad to advise you as to just how you should prepare your honey for shipment in order to get the best price. F. P. Reynolds C^m^M Corner Woodbridge and Griswold Streets Detroit, Michigan PROPER VENTILATION At the Height of the Honey Flow, also Trapping Out the Drones, PREVENTS SWARMING To ventilate with the Sehamu Pat- ent Improved Hive Bottom, turn the rollers as shown in Cut 5. This al- lows free access of air through underneath the colony, the drones (which consume a lot of honey) pass down through the drone escape, int.^ the drone trap. w here they stay until disposed of by the bee-keeper. This allows the worker-bees free entrance to hive by getting drones away from main entrance. The bottom board also controls the mating of the queens. Just a turn of the rollers and the bee-man can suit himself. Ital- ians, blacks or car- nolians. VIKW >0. PRICE: $2.00 F. O. B., for Eight Frame Hive. Liverpool, N. Y. $2.50, F. O. B.. for Ten Frame Hive. Liverpool, N. Y. Address all communications to Dr. Charles G. Sehamu Liverpool, N. Y. — ROOT'S — Power Honey Extractors Our new catalog is full of information about these labor-saving machines. With the difficulty of getting competent help, the power extractors are being sold largely in this and foreign countries, and the present demand is far greater than ever before. Read what a California producer says in a letter to a distinterested party, which we are permitted to see and publish : Gentlemen — I should like to say a few words in favor of the ball-bearing Root Auto- matic Extractor, as I believe it is as near perfectiiin as can be. This machine runs so easy that a few turns to get it up to speed is all that is necessary; and the men, while using the No. 17, which I formerly had, could average only 1,000 lbs. per day, while with this machine they can average 2,000 lbs. with but one additional man. No apiary can aft'ord to be without one of these machines. I feel like congratulating the A. I. Root Co. for making an invention that is such a satisfaction, and financially to the honey-producers' interests. Elk Grove, Cal. B. B. Hogaboom. HERE ARE A FEW MORE. A word about the power extractor I purchased from you through H. L. Jones, of Goddna. I found it to work very satisfactorily, and it will do all it is claimed to do and more. I use the gasoline engine for several purposes besides driving the eight-frame extrac- tor, such as driving the washing machine for the lady of the house, and corn cracking and grinding. I consider it one of the best speculations I made in connection with the apiary. Pittsworth, Queensland. F. C. Colder. Yours of the 16th, also the brake-band for power extractor, came to h^nd. Thanks for sending it so promptly. This is my second season with the poAver extractor. I would not be without it now, even if I had only fifty colonies. David Running. Grindstone City, Mich., July 19, 1910. I received the extractor I ordered of you some time ago. It arrived in good shape. I set it up and extracted 143 quarts of honey, and sold it at 35c a quart. The extractor is just fine — does the work completely. F. D. King. Athens, Ohio, Aug. 16, 1912. The engine I got of you this spring has done fine. We ran it all fall and never had any trouble at all. V. V. Dexter. North Yakima, Wash., Jan. IS, 1911. For full particulars see our new catalog. The A. I. Root Company, Medina, Ohio BRAXCH OFFICES. New York, 139-141 Franklin St. Chicago, 313-291 Institute Place. Philadelphia, S-10 Vine St. Des Moines, 565 W. Seventh St. St. Paul, 1024 Mississippi St. Syracuse, 1631 Genesee St. Washington, 1100 Maryland Ave., S. W. Mechanics Falls, Me. A FEAV AGENTS HAIVDMXG THESE GOODS. California Madary's Planing Mill, Fresno " Mandary's Supply Co., Los Angeles , Colorado Barteldes Seed Co., Denver Indiana Walter S. Pouder, Indianapolis Michigan M. II. Hunt & Son, Lansing Missouri Blanke Mfg. & Supply Co., St. Louis " John Nebel & Son Supply Co., High Hill New Mexico Roswell Seed Co., Koswell Ohio S. J. Griggs Co., Toledo " C. IT. W. Weber & Co., Cincinrati Texas Texas Seed & Floral Co., Dallas " Toepperwein & Mayfield Co., San Antonio The A. I. Root Company Medina, Ohio THE CHAS. F. MAY CO.. PRINTERS, D ETROIT, M ICH . Pubitshed MontWi^ JUNE 1913 ■V -^ ▼ NORTHSTAR, MICHIGAN ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR Better Queens Two years ago, we sent to J. P. Moore, Morgan, Ky., for one of his best breeders with which to requeen our bees. We sent him $10.00 and told him we wanted the best breeder he could furnish us at any price, and if §10.00 was not enough to send the best and draw on us for $10.00 more if necessary. She has proven the best breeder we have ever had. This year, we have established a queen yard and are using that old breeder and one of her finest daughters as breeders to requeen all our bees. During June and July we will sell queens of this stock at the following prices: Untested, 75c, 10 for $6.50. Tested, 90c, 10 for $7.50. These are 3-banded Italians of the best J. P. Moore strain. Send orders to H, D. Murry, Manager Shely-Murry Bee Co. Mathis, Texa.s 17 years' experience rearing queens. Our Very Best i.s THE Very Best. Best Sections Best Shipping Cases and Dealer in Best Bee Supplies We make a specialty of manufac- turing Best Sections. They are the FINEST in the land, none better. When you once buy Lotz Sections you will want no other. Now is the time to buy and have them when the honey flow is on. Prompt shipments. Our bee supply cata- logue for the asking'. Aug. Lotz & Co. Boyd, Wis. RUSH orders for il falcon ff BEE SUPPLIES Quick price-list. 1000 Beeway sections $5.50, 5M, $23.75 Plain sections 25c per M less. I'er lb. 5 lb. light section foundation. .. .64c 50 lb. light section foundation. .. .59c 5 lb. Medium brood foundation. .57c 50 lb. Medium brood foundation. .52c 100 Hoffman brood frames, $3.00. 10 No. 14 1-story Dtd. Hives, cover, bottom, body and frames, 8- frame $13.50, 10-frame $15.00. Dovetailed supers with inside fix- tures but no sections or starters, 8- frame, 5, $2.50; 10, $4.80; 10-frame, 5, $2.75; 10, $5.30. State style of section used. Order any article not mentioned, send money and we will even up with foundation. The best price will be given for every article with the "FAL- CON" guarantee of satisfaction. WORKING BEESWAX GET OUR PRICES for working wax into foundation. W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO. Where the good bee-hives come from. Factory, Falconer, N. Y. A Rare Opportunity Permit me to say that owing to poor health have decided to dis- pose of my apiary and twenty acres of land, including' buildings. Will sell either separate, or bees and place togethre, as may suit the pur- chaser. Never had disease at any time. Seventy colonies and equip- ment for 175 or of 180 colonies. Equipinent, half for comb and half for the production of extracted honey. Gasoline engine and power 8-frame extractor. Root, Moore and Hilton strain of bees. Bass- wood, raspberry, willow herb and white clover in abundance. Newly lumbering region, being cut four years ago, which will increase in IDroductiveness of raspberry and willow herb for some years to come. E. Woodall, Goodman, Wis. (ESTABLISHED 1888) OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION AND ITS AFFILIATED ASSOCIATIONS K. 1). TOWXSEND, Managing Editor, Nokthstar, Mich. WESLEY FOSTER, Assistant Editor, Boulder, Colo. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post office at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Hawaiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. Discontinuances — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. Advertising: rates on application. Forms close 25th of each mouth. MANAGING OFFICE. NORTHSTAR. MICHIGAN DETROIT OFFICE. 214 HAMMOND BLDC. VOL. XXVI. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, JUNE 1, 1913 No. 6 The Honey Crop Report. The future of the National Association depends upon the ser- vice rendered the membership. The meml^ers will get out just what the members put in. To derive the greatest benefit from the honey crop report each one should send in the report promptly upon receipt of the Rf:viEVV. If conditions change, the report should be amended with a later report sent in as soon as the facts are known. Editor Tyrrell Justified in Resigning. In moving the Review from Detroit to North star, and trying to accjuaint myself with the methods of publishing the Review, I had occasion to be in Detroit about a w^eek. Of course, a good share of this time w^as spent at the old office of the Review, where is also the office of the Real Estate Board of which ]\Ir. Tyrrell is secretary. If the reader could have been there, as I have, and seen the work 'Sir. Tyrrell has undertaken, no one would question the advisability of his resigning as editor of the Review. Here Mr. Tyrrell commands a salary of $?,100 per annum, a salar\^ the Review could not think of paying, consequently we could not expect him to remain with us, as much as w^e would have liked to have had him do so. iMr. Tyrrell wnll stay wdth us as secretary, and his address will be the same as before, 314: Hammond Building. Detroit, Mich. 218 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW The New Home of the Review. Northstar, the new home of the Review, is in Gratiot County, Michigan, on the Ann Arbor railroad, near the count}- seat, Ithaca, in one of the very best farming- localities in the state. Gradually our bees have been removed from Remus, our old home, to this better location for honey, until at present we have no bees at the old point. We have three yards located near here, and a fourth will be started during the season. Our other location, where we keep more bees than here at the Star, is located in Charlevoix County, 150 miles north of here, on the G. R. & I. railroad. My son, Dell, has charge of the 360 swarms in Charlevoix County. As he has been brought up with the bees, he needs no assistance in managing this lot. Michigan Has a New Foul Brood Law. On another page we publish the complete foul brood law as it passed the Michigan Leg'islature the past session. This is without doubt the best disease law Michigan has ever had. It carries an appropriation of $1,500, so we can expect to keep a man at inspection work during the whole season, a thing' unheard of here before with our previous small appropriation. The credit for this good work belongs mostly to the legislative committee composed of President Morse, Secretary Schmidt and Secretary Tyrrell, Elmore Hunt and A. G. Woodman, backed up by the loyal support of the bee-keepers of the state writing their representatives. The work was well done, brothers ! > Welcome to the Western Honey Bee! We now have two bee journals owned and run by tic hee- keeners themselves. The Western Honey Bee, published by the California State Bee-Keepers' Association, has begun its mission of leading the bee men of the west to greater power through organiza- tion. A humorous poem, "When Father Boils the Wax," is the first that greets your eye when turning the cover page. The writer of that poem is a bee-man, without doubt. J. D. B., the author, also has had experience like many more of us in securing a location for an apiary, as he so interestingly tells us farther on in the journal. President Ferree delivers his message to the bee-keepers, ]\Ir. Chad- wick tells of the needs of the exhibit committee, and notes from dififerent county bee associations make up an interesting paper. Mr. Geo. L. Emerson is editor and contributes a valuable article on "How to Market Our Honey." He suggests that local associations should look after markets and the National Association direct inter- state shipments. I believe that is a possibility and we can all work together for greater co-operation in our business dealings. W. F. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 219 New Apiary Inspection Law in Colorado. The Apiary Inspection Law passed by the Nineteenth General Assembly will take effect about August 1st, 1913. The new law provides for the appointment of county inspectors by the county commissioners upon petition of fifteen bee-keepers. The appointee then is examined by the state Entomologist, and if he proves com- petent is issued a license as apiary inspector. All Colorado bee-keepers should interest themselves in the pro- visions of the law, as it will prevent or at least minimize the spread of foul brood if energetically enforced in each county. Write to Wesley Foster, State Apiary Inspector, for full partic- ulars and suggestions on the manner of carrying out the inspection under the new law. The law prohibits the spraying of fruit trees while in bloom with any poisonous spray, injurious to bees. The inspector is em- powered to order the transfer of bees from box hives, or hives with immovable combs. It is hoped the bee-keepers will secure every aid possible from the operation of this law. By getting your inspector appointed, examined, and a license issued to him before the law goes into effect, he can begin work this season and get considerable done before fall. The Co-operative Movement. The movement on foot among all producers for more direct dealing has been felt in the ranks of the National Association. We are beginning on a small scale through the Review and head ofifice to aid the members in the sale of their honey and the buying of supplies. The buying of supplies is a matter that for its best solu- tion will require the initiative of the local associations to secure the most benefits. Car load orders for supplies cannot well be handled through the main office. But the "how'' of getting up and financing car load or less than car load orders of supplies will be gladly sup- plied upon application of any of the local membership. Such a work is a great benefit to the fraternity — it means that many dollars will be saved. Wt will have to make progress slowl}", for we are not blessed with capital and our beginnings will necessarily require care to weather the early storms. The National Association will not ful- fill its full mission until it directs the sale and distribution of inter- state shipments of honey. But the co-operative side of our work is but one of the four great lines we should work along : co-operative effort is first, national legislation to control the diseases second, and third a fight for parcel post to accept bees in a "National" package with or with- out combs. This should be taken up aggressively and pushed before 220 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW the postal officials and Postmaster General. The fourth is to bring to the attention of the Interstate Commerce Commission discrepancies in freight rates on honey and bee supplies between dififerent points. As an example : The commodity rate on tin cans in car lots from Chicago to Denver is 923^ cents per hundred pounds, while the rate to San Francisco is 85 cents — TJ/^ cents a hundred less for a 1,500- mile longer haul over the most expensive railroad to construct and operate in the United States. What should the rate from Chicago to Denver be if 85 cents is a fair rate for a 1,100-mile haul across the Mississippi valley prairie states of Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska and Col- orado east of the Rockies? An Explanation. There seems to be a considerable confusion regarding the Review and the National membership. Let us see. Each member pays 50 cents as his or her membership for one year. This 50 cents entitles the member to all the benefits of the association both socially and financially for one year from date of joining. This 50 cents goes to your local association. Not one penny of it goes into the National treasury, although it can be paid at this office if more convenient ; then we will send it to the proper association. The Review costs each subscriber a dollar per annum. Members do not have to subscribe for the Remew unless they want to, but it is advisable to do so to keep posted on what is going on in the Na- tional Association. The Dandelion and the Western Bee Man. Mr. Western Bee Man had just returned from a round of his out-apiaries. It was early May and the pastures and many alfalfa fields were a sea of dandelion Ijloom. Dandelions bloom earlier than fruit trees and last until alfalfa blossoms, so if they will only cover the earth in the May time our bees are g'oing to be stronger for the afalfa crop than without this aid. (One bee-keeper extracted and sold several cases of dandelion honey last year.) The average of dandelion bloom is growing very rapidly and seems to do the pastures no damage. Five years ago there was very little of it in the country. Our western bee-keeper grew enthusiastic over dandelions when he remembered the sacks of sugar that he used to have to buy, and it looked hopeful that sugar buying for bees might end. So he had dreams of running some kind of a suction vacuum cleaner machine over the fields when the seed heads were "ripe unto the (dandelion) harvest," and gather in the seed and help spread the "yellow peril." He broached this plan to his wife, but unfortunately THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 221 for him, she had just been grubbing dandelions out of the lawn for several hours and was not in a receptive mood to entertain thoughts of the blessedness of dandelions. His bubble burst, and then he hap- pened to think that the wind was spreading the seed faster than he could possibly do it and that it was no use anyway. So he went out and sowed a patch of sweet clover and that evening wrote an article on its value to a farm paper. The wind will take care of the spreading of the dandelions, but you get busy with sweet clover ! W. F. Uninterpreted Bee Language. The lover of bees will not always consider the workers as so many hired servants with shovels, making it their chief business to scoop up shining dollars to fill his pockets. We shall get to know them better, and think of them not only as servants but as fellow laborers. Already some of us have learned a little of their language, the home talk of the hive. There is the hum of content when nectar is abundant ; the sighs and mournful quiver of wungs when the queen has been hopelessly lost; the joyful shouts of the great multitudes w^hen the first swarms issue; the hum of submission when subdued by smoke, or a jarring of the hive until the bees are filled ready to vacate their home for a safer place. These we understand readily, but no doubt there are a score, possibly a hundred others, as clear as these and as easily understood when we have ears to hear, eyes to see, and a keen sense of discernment to understand. We are learning to magnify the softest wdiispers so as to make them easily heard by listening multitudes. We can now easily believe that the dictagraph may be adjusted to the inner chambers of the most populous bee household and record marvels of language that will unveil many of the mysteries of present day bee-keeping. The moving picture film also may be able to give us a perfect system of a sign language more extensive than our liveliest imagin- ation has yet dreamed. This increase of knowledge on our part may tend to a more humane system of handling these delicate winged creatures and lead us to discover methods by which the stings will be unknown; the veil will be discarded and the smoker forever unlit. We have gladly and wisely forgotten the brimstone methods of robbing the bees to serve our guests, but we have by no means reached the ideal method of perfect harmony between the toilers and their task- master, who still murders them without pity when their patriotic zeal leads them to draw the sword and use it, even though the occasion be strictly one of self-defense. — A. F. 222 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE Prevention of Swarming By MATHILDE CANDLER, Cassville, Wis. ^^\ X acquaintance of mine, a good old-fashioned retired farmer, ^.^"V always calls to me whenever he sees me in the late spring' or in summer: "Have you any young bees yet?" By young bees he means swarms, and when I say "No," he shakes his head and doesn't seem to know what to make of it. He seems to think that swarming is necessary to the production of a honey crop. That used to be a very general opinion. Then we gloried in our swarms. Later, with extensive bee-keeping and out-apiaries, swarming became a nuisance ; it was the bee-keeper's bugbear and during the season required his constant watchfulness and attention. So he tried every means he could think of to prevent it. In the production of extracted honey it ma}-' be almost wholly prevented by frequent extracting and giving more empty combs. But it is not so easy with the comb honey producer. \X\\\\ him there is almost a certainty of swarming — often in spite of every- thing he may do to prevent it. Clipping queens' wings prevents swarms from absconding, but does not prevent swarming; and often such a swarm lost or destroyed their queen and absconded with the newly-hatched virgin queen. Xor does destroying queen cells help, for they would only build new ones and then swarm. I have tried for years to prevent swarming with the view of keeping down increase. At first I let them swarm once and pre- vented after-swarming, and in the fall I united the colonies until I had reduced them to the number 1 desired to keep. But as I enlarged mv apiary and commenced an out-yard it became necessary to prevent all swarming. Dividing of colonies by taking away part of the brood and bees, filling up with frames of foundation, helped some as a pre- vention. But unless the division was very carefully and intelligently made, it lessened the honey crop and often swarming was not pre- vented at all, but only retarded. That plan was not an entire success with me, but I used it for several years as the best I knew of. Then I tried shaking swarms. That was better when it was better, but they very often absconded and at my next visit I would THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 223 find an almost deserted hive. I tried, i think, evcrx method that I saw described in the bee papers. None were quite satisfactory. Here is my method of preventing swarming as finally found more nearly perfected for my use : When I find a colony with queen cells containing eggs or larvae I prepare an empty hive body by putting in a few empty frames with or without foundation starters, and also one or two frames containing a little drawn comb to catch the pollen so that the bees do not carry it up into the sections. I take this to the colony preparing to swarm, remove its supers, and take out a frame — any frame with bees and brood — and place it in the center of the hive body, and replace the removed frame with one having a foundation starter in it. On top I lay a piece of wire cloth cut just the size of the top of the hive. Over this screen I set the prepared hive body, letting it project forward a little so the bees coming home can crawl up into it from the outside. Care must be taken so the screen lays down close and even on the hive, so that the bees cannot crawl in under the screen. Now I put on the supers and cover and close up the screen at the back (caused by moving the hive body forward) with a piece of lath. I now close up the entrance with a board having three one-inch holes covered with a cone bee escape. All the bees can get out of the hive, but they cannot get back in, so they crawl up the front of the hive into the hive body set on the screen. In four days I take off the prepared hive body and screen, put back the sections and remove the cone escape board at the entrance. The brood frame may either be returned after destroying the queen cells on it or used in other ways for strengthening nucleii, etc. By this method there is no shaking, no absconding, no hunting for queens or pinching oft' queen cells, no jumping of hives or chilling of brood. It is not even necessary that the queens be clipped. The method can he applied to any kind of a hive. The queen destroys the queen cells, and she does a surer job than the apiarist does. There is no interruption in honey gather- ing, the bees do not feel themselves queenless, and do not rush around frantically hunting their queen ; and when they realize that they are separated from their queen the swarming fever leaves them. Of course it is necessa^^- that the cone bee escape board at the entrance fits tight so that no bees can get in there. Otherwise this plan will not work. Xor is it necessary to wait foin- days before changing things back : the queen will have destroyed the cells before that tim.e. But I prefer to wait so long to be on the safe side. Read tea-article series beginning in next month's Revifw. "Three Thousand Colonies in Fifty Yards Managed from One Office." 224 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW The Topless Tent for Examining Bees During Honey Dearth. By WESLEY FOSTER. SPRING work must be done when it can best be done. The busy man cannot wait till a honey flow before beginning spring work in the apiary. Robbing is such a nuisance that a full day's time cannot be put in unless a tent is used to work in. Here is a tent made at the suggestion of Dr. I'hillips. He may have got the idea from somewhere else : The frame is hooked together at opposite corners with two "hooks and eyes (screen door hooks). At the other two corners the frame is hinged. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 225 The tent is four feet wide and about seven feet long. It will set down over two hives and leave ample room for work. The ends being hinged at one side form the doors which allow each worker to get in and out without interfering with the other. The frame- work is so light that it is easily moved. Three feet wide is better than four, because if one is working alone he can pick it right up with one hand in the center of each side and carry it. The four- foot width is a little too wide to reach. One bolt of white mosquito bar was tacked around the frame- work with lath and a muslin strip one foot wide Avas sewed on at the bottom to make it reach to the ground. The cost of the mos- quito bar was sixty cents and the hinges, hooks and eyes ten cents more. A half day's time and seventy cents did the trick. When the flow lulls and bees try to rob. use it. There is hardly a month in the working season when such a tent will not come in as a great help. The bees do not find their way in over the top. but they do find their way out in a gratifying way. Large and Small Entrances and Swarming By D. STAD MENHALL, Luling, I.a., St. Charles Parish. ^^^ O a certain extent large entrances do prevent swarming, but \J^ at a cost of surplus, in a few cases as much as twenty per cent. A large entrance — excess of ventilation — does not prevent swarming, but it is the condition that this excess ventilation pro- duces. As a result of this condition there is a loss of surplus, as I will show. All have noticed during the surplus season, with an entrance the width of the hive and one or more inches deep, a cluster of bees on the bottom bars. The deeper the entrance the larger this cluster which is forced there, not only as guards and to hold the proper temperature of the brood nest, but to exclude the outside air — oxygen. This is a fact that any one can prove by placing a colony that is in the above condition on a deep bottom board. It matters little how deep so it is over two inches. Use an empty super with a small entrance and this cluster breaks, in- creasing the field force, which means more surplus. If there is plenty of room above there will be practically no comb building to the bottom bars or they will swarm — that is the rub — which forces each one to decide whether it is more profitable to have a large entrance and the colony in a semi-divided condition with a known loss of more or less surplus and the expectation of the colony swarming at any time, or to treat the colony with one of the known plans to prevent swarming, there and then, and be done with it for the season. 226 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW No one who is familiar with the first principles of biology will ques- tion the statement that bees cluster, even though it is midsummer, to exclude oxygen under the above conditions. An excess of oxygen is as fatal to larval and all other animal life in the foetal stage of development as the lack v^'ould be. I have repeatedy hatched sealed larvae in a home-made nursery-incubator, but always failed with unsealed, although some of the cells would be half sealed. Furthermore, during a rush of incoming nectar, the fielders force the bees that are clustered on the bottom bars to handle the nectar, this act eventually and practically placing them in the same condition as a sw^arm. They build comb, always worker comb (unless there is a very old queen), to the bottom bars. Broadly speaking, the colony is now in the same condition as if it had swarmed. An^-thing that would produce this divided condition would have the same effect regardless of the size of the entrance. Size of Entrance and the Moth. Another serious objection to the large entrance, although it has no connection with swarming, and has more to do with the width of the entrance than with the depth, is the moth. This problem probably applies with more force to the south than tO' other sections of the country. After several seasons' close observation with one or more observatory hives (three the past season) I can state posi- tively that the moth generally enters the hive at one of the corners going up on the inside end of the hive until she reaches the end of the top bars, and then along the top bar one or more inches before going dowm on the brood combs. I think the distance she goes on the top bars depends upon the temperature of the hive and w'hether the colony is strong in bees. My glass hives contain, usually, full size colonies. She will scatter her eggs in the top bars quickly and leave the same way she came if not detected by the bees. When you think of it a moment, there is no better or safer way for her to enter or leave a hive. The Home-Raising of Queens. By ADRIAN GETAZ. Knoxville, Tenn. ^^\ Y selecting vour queens from the l;.cst colonies you will have ^^ as good queens that you can possibly buy. The queen breeder on a large scale has no certain way of knowing which of his colonies is best for honey gathering. He has to draw on them constantly to make his nucleii, and is all the time changing combs and brood from one to another. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 227 Begin with the best you can get. If you are afraid of con- sanguinity, buy two queens, if possible from ditTerent breeders. But after you have once begun do not introduce any more foreign stock. There is no need of taking the trouble to raise the drones from any particular queen. If all the queens of the apiary are daughters of good queens their drones will be of that stock, and that is as far as we can go. We have so limited control over the mating that we can do little along this line. The appearance, shape, size and color of a horse or a bull may give ns an idea of what his descendants will be, but there is nothing in the make-up of a drone that can give us a clue as to what honey gathering or other quali- ties his progeny will possess except the color. When I first began bee-keeping, I was very careful to cut out the drone comb and trap the useless drones. As long as I was buy- ing what few queens I needed it worked well, but when I began to raise queens myself there was trouble. Many queens turned up missing, and of those who didn't, the majority mated late or mis- mated. A few failed to mate and, of course, became drone layers. I should say here that there are but very few colonies belonging- to other people in the neighborhood of my apiaries. About that time one of our professional queen breeders stopped here on his way to Texas. He told me at once that I did not have enough drones. In order to have the queens mate promptly it is necessary to have enough drones to fill the neighborhood properly, if I may use that expression. The queens may have to go out sev- eral times before they meet a drone. And their chance of being picked up by a bird or otherwise lost is increased in proportion. Queen Cell Building. The process is easy enough. Have a queenless colony build the cells and raise the queen. Take a frame of brood of your selected stock, mostly eggs if possible, cut in it oblong holes right under a portion containing eggs or at most very young larvae, and put it in the queenless colony. The cuts can be of any length, but should be of sufficient width to give room for big, long queen cells, and enough room for the bees to pass under and all aroimd. It has been said that the smallest queen cells are big enough to lodge the largest queens, but nevertheless it is the large cells that conram the largest and best queens. AMiile there are occasionally exceptions, the largest queens are the best ; probably because their ovaries are more perfectly developed. Mr. Hasty thinks that more food is given them m the large cells simply because there is more room for it. and that when they have a large quantity of food they use only the liquid and more perfect portions of it, while if there is less 228 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW they have no choice. The amount and consistence of the food left in the cells, after the queens have emerged, is a very strong proof in favor of his theory. After the cells are capped they are cut out and caged. They should not be caged too soon. When just capped the tip is quite thick, but the bees will thin it after a few^ days. If the cells are caged before the thinning is done the queens may not be able to cut their way out. The cages are made by winding a piece of wire cloth around a round stick and sewing the edges together with number thirty wire, the same that is used for wiring frames. The bottom is closed in any convenient way and a hook of heavy wire attached to the top end to hang them between the combs. The dimensions are about three inches in length by not less than three- fourths inch in diameter. The cells are cut out with a piece of comb at the bottom of them as a tail end, put in the cages and fas- tened simply by pressing the tail end against the wire cloth. Then the cage is stopped or closed with a cork or in any convenient way and hung between two combs in the queenless colony. The cages should not be hung closer together than two iilches. I once put several touching each other, but a number of the queens were found dead. I presume that they worried themselves to death try- ing to kill each other. No food is necessary. The bees will feed them. The queenless colony should be kept very strong. If the brood given with the cell-raising frames is not enough, more should be added. Care should be taken to destroy for cage, if preferred) all the queen cells that may be started outside of the prepared places. No nucleii or anything of the sort will be needed. When you want to requeen, just introduce the new queen where she is to stay and let her mate there. As to the process of introduction the best is to remove the old queen and just turn the new one in one or two days later when "the bees are mourning for a queen," as some one once said. The best is to wet the cage and caged queen thoroughly and then open the cage and turn her in. The wetting facilitates the introduction. Sometimes the trouble in introducing is due to a quarrelsome dis- position on the part of the queen. A good bath fixes her all right in that respect. However, that is not what determined me to adopt that method. When opening the cage, the young queen is apt to take wing and fly away instead of going into her new home, and that is what decided me to adopt the water bath method of intro- duction. I do not know how long the young queens could be kept caged and not be injured by confinement. If I do not use them within a week or ten days, I destroy them. Better raise more than needed THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 229 and use only the best. It would not be amiss to have some on hand all the time to use in case of emergencies. Queens thus raised cost only a trifle and the best possible are none too good. My Wax Press and Tank By R. H. YEAMSHAW, Stony Ford, Calif. ' "jtrlRST a description of the press and tank. The screw and /m\ crossarm are extras for a cider press, bought from a catalog house and costing between $4 and $o, including freight. The can was made to order, with outside diameter one-half inch less than length of cross arm and cost nearly a dollar. The uprights were hewed from oak logs 4"xS'' at bottom and -i"x5" at the top, and should be long enough to go above the cross arm so tliat the bolts will not pull through. I cut mine a little short in measure- ment. Two pieces 2"x6" are spiked across the bottom (had better be bolted) and 2" plank placed on them. Inside of the can is a slatted bottom with ^''x^^s'' slats, with a sheet of tin nailed on them and a ^'^ mesh wire screen on top, slats edgeways spaced ^"s". Then ^" square strips spaced about j^"' around the sides are nailed to a strip of tin, the same as the Root- Hatch press, with two strips at sides Ij-i'^x^'^ long enough to reach up to bottom of cross arm to keep press can down when follower is raised. The side strips should be beveled on top to start follower easily. The follower is built up (or down) of one piece 2''x9" next the screw foot, five pieces l"x2" crossways of it. equal spaced, and l"x.>4" strips across them edgeways spaced about ^s" , all of hard wood, mostly hickory; ^4" mesh wire screen to cover the bottom 230 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW of the follower and come up about an inch on the sides and covered by a wooden hoop j'4"x2" to keep it from '"raveling."' The fol- lower should have a little play, 54'' or so. A simpler follower might do, but this one is so open it lets all the wax rise to the surface easily and quickly, and that is quite an item in a press. I put a spider screw foot from a Hatch press on, as the foot with the screw was rather small. I wired the follower and foot together and it does very well. Bolting might be better, but do not leave it loose. I have not given all the dimensions, as they will vary with different size screws and lengths. My screw raises and lowers 11^" and a can could be 11^'' or IS" deep for it, as the slatted bottom and "cheese" of slum gum would take up nearly two inches. My can is 10" deep and could be deeper to advantage. The press is 18" from floor to cross arm, leaving Gi^" for follower and bottom in can. The can should be made with a handle at the back and spout in front. The spout on my can is too small. It needs a h\g one. In the picture the spout is at the back of press by mistake. The picture shows the floor long behind, to pull can back clear of fol- lower while filling. In front it comes to the edge of the can. The tank is^nade of 1^4 ''xl8'' lumber, 28"''xri' 3" outside, the size of four sheets 20"x28" tin. The tin should be heavy grade, dull roofing tin — the bright rusts too easy. The tin cost me 80 cents, the lumber 70 cents. Four straps and four rods to hold the ends together cost about one dollar. I thought tin would be better than galvanized iron on account of coloring the wax, but haA^e found that it makes little difference, as the wax, after being boiled in the dirty water, is dark. I put a partition about one-third distant from one end wath a one-inch space at bottom to provide a place clear of slum gum to rinse frames after boiling. But one day when it came out I did not miss it much. The tank sets on a rock and mud furnace, with cross bars to strengthen the bottom. I first boil out the hive bodies and covers while the water is clean, then put in a dozen or so frames at a time, and punch them down until cleaned, then with a pair of horsehide gloves on, I souse two or three at a time where the water is clearest of wax until clean, and so on until twenty-five to thirty-five have been cleaned, which number generally makes a press full of slumgum, depending, of course, upon the amount of brood that has been raised in the combs. I use two jute bags, one inside the other, to hold the slumgum, which I skim off the water with a five-gallon can and pour into the sacks held in the can by spring clothes pins or the helper. Get all the wax and slumgum possible, as there will be enough water, if not too much. Then tie sacks well, slide the THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 23] can to place and screw down follower. I work the follower up and down with the screw, putting on more pressure every time. I don't use the lever at first, not until I want to screw it down to leave a minute or so, while I do some of the little odd jobs that are to be done, or boil out more frames, if working alone. I gen- erally raise the follower and stir up the "mulligan" with a slick a couple of times for each batch. From fifteen to thirt}'-five minutes will get out all the wax obtainable with profit, depending upon what churning, etc., it gets. Pour the water and wax out while press is still screwed down tight, by tipping press up on a six-inch block and pouring into a tub or pan. I have a five-gallon can with a honey can gate soldered on the bottom, that I pour the water and wax into and draw off water at the bottom and put it back into the tank. I have poured the wax in cans to cool and then melt up again at my leisure and have poured it into a wash boiler held in the big lank and kept hot until full and then allowed to cool, but I believe I prefer the first method. One should not work outdoors if it can be helped, as it is too cold to work wax well or if warm there are too many bees around, except after night, which is not the best time to work, being, in fact, a pretty fair time to do a little sleeping. Too much honey in the combs is bad, as it leaves everything sticky, and besides, the wax does not do as well. A little honey does no harm, in fact, seems sometimes to help a little. While working alone, packing water in a bucket and chopping wood, I have pressed out about thirty-five or forty pounds of wax in a day and cleaned up about 200 frames with a proportionate number of eight by ten frame bodies. A good many frames which have had moth in them are harder to clean on account of the web and also having less wax. I do not remember what tvv'o of us did accomplish, Init two work together to better advantage than one, as one can tend the tank and one the press. T generally closely approximate three pounds of wax to a hive body, as they come eight and ten frames mixed. Everything working hand'Jy and going sm.oothly. I can get out from eight to ten pounds of wax about everv thirtv-fi\'e minutes. Selling Honey By Direct Methods By F. B. CAVANAGH, Director N. B. K. A., Heborn, Ind. B'cad at ilic Xorthcni Mtchignii Xatiena! Meet, in March. • •Jl X presenting a paper on this subject I realize that I shall Jl necessarily overthrow some orthodox ideas. However, if I did not do this my paper would not only fail in its interest, but would be lacking in value. What I shall have to sav will be 232 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW strictly from experience, and not drawn from imagination nor theory. House to house canvassing is not unpleasant work, as many who have not tried it seem to believe. On the contrary, there is fascination about the work. All successful business enterprises are based on three things, viz., quality and utility, price and judicious pushing. Honey is no exception, in that quality is paramount. In order to insure quality and uniformity at all seasons I have adopted the plan of blending lighter honeys with the rich Golden Spanish Needle honeys, resultant in one uniformly delicious blend of honey the year round, and pos- sessing at the same time a flavor of pleasing richness. The retail price of any article is based from the dealers' stand- point, on the wholesale cost plus selling and delivering cost, plus the profit to the sales agent and the manufacturer. If the bee-keeper proposes to act as both producer and sales agent, then obviously he is entitled to both profits. If the bee-keeper proposes to cut the price so that he makes no profit out of the selling end, then he is to be classed as a financial fool, and worse than that, for he is ruining the market for the wholesaler who must depend on turning out his honey in retail packages finally at a profit. If a man wishes to work for nothing and board himself he should line up in some legitimate enterprise where he is doing the world some good. Let us now consider the bee-keeper of sound mind who pro- duces large crops, and wishes to establish a more stable market. Supposing that he can produce honey of superior quality at 15c per pound, ready for delivery in small pails, and make a fair margin on production. By addhig a commission of five cents per pound for selling he should make fair wages, and another two cents for deliver}^ should net him a three-cent profit on his investment in the selling end, providing his gross profit is 10c per pound. But, you say, you are charging 25 cents per pound for honey, and we never heard of that price before. Well, don't worry; our greatest marketing difficulty lies in the fact that very few people have heard of this price, or any other price for that matter, on extracted honey of a superior quality. What some of the bee-keepers in this United States (not any of you fellows) need to do is to discard a good-sized layer of doubt, old fogyism and moss and, turning over a new leaf, get bee-keeping on a financial basis. Listen: From actual experience, we seldom have a complaint on price, and when we do it is because some measly one-horse man with a dozen hives of bees has peddled it out at wholesale prices or much less, thereby giving people a false impression as to what pure honey is worth and ruining an otherwise good customer. In many THE Bee-keepers' review 233 instances people are glad to have found a source of supply at such reasonable prices. Now, fellows, it is up to you. We've sold this season over 45,000 pounds of honey direct to the people. Judge whether we have lowered or raised prices in the honey markets. Have we increased or decreased the consumption of honey, v.dien many of the people we have sold had never heard of extracted honey before. ]\[oral: Either sell at wholesale or retail. Don't mix prices to the discredit of the profession. In making a house-to-house canvass, be polite, neat, tactful and sweet. Boost honey in general, your own article in particular, because it is superior in quality. If it isn't superior in quality, better go home and learn to produce a superior article, for poor honey kills trade. Induce your prospective customer to taste a sample, and while her mouth is full of delicious honey fill her ears with sweet and fetching words and descriptions, bearing on the goodness of your honey. Remember the little folks. There is no surer way to secure an order than to convince the mother that honey is the only sweet which is fit for her children. Always adhere to the truth. Tell them that honey keeps people warm in cold weather, is strengthening, healthful. Builds up the system without taxing digestion, and is Nature's best medicine for colds, etc. Cite the relative economy in using a 2.j-cent honey in place of a 40-cent butter, and the more evenl}^ balanced food value of the combination over butter alone. Dwell on such points as full net weight over short-weight comb honey. Richness of body, sanitary qualities, flavor, ripeness versus green honey. By all means have your order book ready and write the name and address as soon as the customer arrives at the psychological moment. If you don't know when that is, I might suggest that it is the time when you either write the order or get turned down. Doubtless you would all be tired out if I should go into the various details entering into the securing of orders, and in fact no two customers can be handled alike. In general I would say that after one arrives on the job, among a prosperous community, and v/ith the right article, there are three main steps, viz. : To create a desire on the part of the customer, bring about decision, and finally action to really order. I will now close and leave a little time for the man who has never sold over a few hundred pounds of honey to express his theory in regard to the value of low prices. I also trust that I will have 234 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW level-headed friends in this convention who appreciate the plain truth as I have expressed it, who having long ago pulled the wool from their eyes, realize that bees and honey cannot be placed on a sound financial basis until honey is pushed, and that no article can be pushed unless the pusher or salesman is paid. I ask you all to name five foods which are manufactured today and sell at lower relative prices, value compared, than honey at 25 cents per pound. Thorough Inspection of Apiaries vs. Educating and Making Every Bee-Keeper an Inspector If the Country is Ever Rid of Foulbrood, It Will Be by The Bee-Keeper With the Help of the Inspectors. By F. W. LESSER. '^^^ .k-iAT article of Wm. P. Fritz in the February Review on \^j "Thorough Inspection of Apiaries" should not pass without some criticism. He gives the New York inspectors a drubbing Avhich they do not deserve. He says "they have a fat time of it,"' and thinks they should personally inspect every hive and frame in a yard. How many towns, to say nothing of counties, would an inspector cover in a season doing that? They did do it when European foul brood first started, but soon had to quit as they could not cover the ground. Besides, a good inspector such as we have does not have to look at every frame in a hive. He can usually pick out the right frame the first time. Inspection in this state has advanced from the primitive, in- efifectual way of an inspector doing the curing to the better way of educating the bee-keeper to do it and making every hec-kccper an inspector. If the bee-keeper is not man enough to cure his own bees or keep the disease under control, the state can never effectually do it for him, except by burning him out, which they do occasionally. As for our inspectors having a cinch, if friend Fritz thinks that continual traveling on railroads and in buggies, often Sundays, and endeavoring to educate all sorts of men into bee-keepers is a snap, I fail to agree with him. That kind of work takes more nerve- energy than going around with a "horse and camping outfit." Our inspectors are broadminded men with years of bee-keeping and inspecting experience. I admit that they have more ground to cover than they can properly cover, but that is not their fault. When we talk of "ridding the country of foul-brood," that is a pretty big subject and it looks to me that if ever accomplished, it will be done by the bee-keepers with the help of the inspectors. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 235 Minnesota Legislature Appropriates Money to Establish a Department of Apiculture at the State University. By P. J. Doll, President Minnesota Bee-Keepers' Association, Nicollet Island. I am pleased to report that the -Minnesota Legislature in its recent session has enacted a bill which provides that $3,000 per year be added to our University appropriation for the purpose of estab- lishing and maintaining an Apiculture Department. The bill has been signed by the governor and is now a law, and it is up to the University authorities to appoint a competent man. ■ At a special meeting of the Minnesota Bee-Keepers' Associa- tion, held ^Monday, ]\lay 5th, a motion was duly made and unani- mously carried that we recommend to the Board of Regents of the L'niversity of ^^linnesota that Dr. L. D. Leonard be placed at the head of the Apicultural Department, at the Agricultural College in ^Minnesota. Dr. L. D. Leonard was born in 18.59 in the State of ]\Iaine. He received a high school education and later studied dentistry. Came to ^Minnesota in 1882 and practiced dentistry. He is a charter mem- ber of the ]\Iinneapolis Dental Society and of the Minnesota State Dental Association, and has been an officer of these associations for 3^ears. Was connected with the Dental College of the University as Professor of Dental Surgery in the years 1886-7-8. Has kept bees for over twenty years at Breezy Point, Lake Minnetonka, Alinn., at one time operating seventy-five colonies, which were nearly wiped out by foul brood some five or six years ago. He has been a member of the ^Minnesota Bee-Keepers' Association for sixteen or twenty years, has been secretary of the Association for four years or more, and has held the office of president for at least eight years. If the Lmi^-ersity authorities will appoint Dr. L. D. Leonard at the head of the Apicultural Department we will certainly have a good man. Recently I ordered the Queen adv. next to outside cover, discontinued. Now, as we have had a I believe the Review a good adver- good rain and a good honey flow on, tising medium for the queen-breeder, my prospects look so much brighter Yours trulv, than when I last wrote you, I am en- j ^ Simmons closing check and request that you J- - • - ^ . please use the same space as before, Sabinal, Texas, May 5th, 1913. A Bill For the suppression of contagious diseases among bees in the State of Michigan, by creating the office of inspector of apiaries, to define the duties thereof, and to appropriate money therefor : 236 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW The People of tlie State of Michigan enact: Section 1. The State board of agri- culture is hereby authorized to estab- lish apiary inspection, and to appoint a competent person as chief inspector, who shall under the direction of said Itoard, have charge of the inspection of apiaries as hereinafter provided. Said inspector shall investigate or cause t:* be investigated outbreaks of bee dis- eases, and cause suitable measures to be taken for their eradication or con- trol. ^Ec. 2. The inspector shall, when notified in writing by the owner of an apiary, or by any three disinterested taxpayers, examine all reported apiaries and others in the same locality not re- ported, and ascertain whether or not the diseases known as American foul brood or European foul brood or any other disease which is infectious or contagious in its nature, and injurious to honey bees in their egg, larval, pupal or adult stages, exists in such apiaries ; and if satisfied of the existence of any such disease, shall give to the owners or care takers of the diseased apiaries, full instruction as to how to treat such cases: Provided, That if the colonies in question seem to be in such bad con- dition that treatment is not likely to be successful, or if it seems to the inspec- tor that the chances of obtaining a cure are remote, and of this the inspector shall be the sole judge, it shall be the duty of the inspector to destroy said colonies by fire or burying or by both, without recompense to the owner, les- see or caretaker of said bees. He may inspect apiaries in localities not report- ed, in endeavoring to locate new areas of infection. Sec. 3. The inspector shall, if pos- sible, visit all diseased apiaries a sec- ond time after ten days from the time of the first visit, unless he has reason- able assurance that his directions have been carried out, and if need be, with out recompense to the owner, lessee, or agent thereof, he may destroy, in such manner as to avoid as far as possible, spreading the disease, all colonies of bees that he may find still diseased, to- gether with the hives and all honey and appliances which may spread disease : Provided, That when the finding of the disease occurs in its incipient stages very late in the season after the honey flow has ceased, and after it is too late to successfully treat and feed, the treatment may be deferred until the following spring if such delay is neces- sary in the judgment of the inspector. Sec. 4. If the owner, possessor, agent or lessee of an apiary, honey or appliances, wherein disease is known to the owner, possessor, agent or lessee to exist, shall sell, barter or give away or remove from the premises, without the consent of the inspector, any bees from diseased colonies, be they queens, drones, or workers, honey or appli- ances, or expose other bees to the dan- ger of such disease, said owner shall, on conviction thereof be punished by a fine of not less than ten dollars nor more than fifty dollars and costs of prosecution : Provided, That bees may be shipped without honey or feed con- taining honey, also provided that honey may be sold in tight containers for commercial purposes, other than with bees or as food for bees. Sec. 5. For the enforcment of the provisions of this act, the State inspec- tor of apiaries shall have access, in- gress, and egress to and from all apiaries or places where bees, combs, or apiary appliances are kept ; and any person or persons who shall resist, im- pede or hinder in any way, the inspec- tor of apiaries, in the discharge of his duties under the provisions of this act, shall on conviction thereof, be punished by a fine not less than ten dollars nor more than fifty dollars and costs of prosecution, or be imprisoned in the count}^ jail not less than ten days nor more than thirty days, or both at the discretion of the judge. Sec. 6. After inspecting infected bees or fixtures, or handling diseased bees, the inspector shall, before leaving the premises or proceeding to any other apiary, take such measures as shall pre- vent the spread of the disease by in- fected material adhering to his person or clothing or to any tools or appli- ances used by him, which have come in contact with infected materials. Sec. 7. It shall be the duty of any person in the State of Michigan, en- gaged in the rearing of queen bees for sale, to use honey in the making of candy for use in mailing cages, which has been boiled for at least thirty min- utes, unless candy which contains no honey at all is used. Any such person THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 237 engaged in the rearing of queen bees shall have his or her queen rearing and queen mating apiary or apiaries inspect- ed at least twice during each summer season by the inspector of apiaries, and on the discovery of the existence of any disease which infectious or contagious in its nature and injurious to bees in their egg, larval, pupal, or adult stages, said person shall at once cease to ship queen bees from such diseased apiary imtil the inspector of apiaries shall de- clare the said apiary free from dis- ease. On complaint of the inspector of apiaries or of any five bee-keeprs in the State, that said" bee-keeper, engaged in the rearing of queens, is violatmg the provisions of this section, he shall upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not less than twenty dollars nor more than fifty dollars. Sec. 8. It shall be the duty of any person in the State of Michigan en- gaged in bee-keeping to securely and tightly close the entrance of any hive or hives in apiaries not free from dis- ease in which the bees shall have died either during the winter or at any other time, and to make the hive or hives tight in such manner that robber bees shall not find it possible to gain ingress or egress to and from such hives or to obtain honey from such hives. The sealing of the hives must be maintained so long as the hives remain in the yard or in any place where honey bees can gain access to them, and failure to comply with this provision shall consti- tute a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof, he or she shall be punished by a fine of not less than five dollars nor more than twenty-five dollars for each offense. Sec. 9. It shall be the duty of any one keeping bees in the State of Michi- gan, to deeply bury all combs and frames taken from diseased colonies, in places where they shall remain undis- turbed, unless they be placed in tiglit receptacles so constructed that it shall be impossible for bees to gain access to combs, or for honey or any other liquid to leak out where bees can gain access to it. Anyone knowingly exposing comb, honey, frames, quilts, empty hives covers or bottom-boards, or tools or other appliances contaminated by infect- ed material from the same, from dis- eased colonies, shall on conviction thereof, be punished by a fine of not less than twenty-five dollars nor more than fifty dollars: Provided, That the wax may be rendered in such place or at such time that no bees will be able to gain access to the comb before it is thoroughly heated, or at any time to the liquids expressed in the process of rendering. Sec. 10. All colonies of bees and all nuclei which is brought into the State of Michigan from other states or from other countries, not accompanied by a certificate of health from the official inspector of the place from whence they came, shall be reported immediately to the State inspector of apiaries, and such colonies or nuclei shall be inspect- ed by him at such time as is expedient. Failure to report such importation of bees shall, on conviction thereof, be punishable by a fine or not less than one dollar for each colony or nucleus. Sec. 11. The State inspector of apiaries shall receive such compensation as the State board of agriculture shall determine, and said inspector shall ren- der annual reports to the State board of agriculture, giving the number of apiaries visited, the number of diseased apiaries found, the number of colonies treated, also the number of colonies de- stroyed, and the expense incurred in the performance of his duty. He shall also keep a careful record of the locali- ties where the disease exists, but this record shall not be public, but may be consulted with the consent of the in- spector of apiaries. Sec. 12. For the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this act, there is hereby appropriated, the sum of fifteen hundred dollars per annum, or so much thereof as may be necessary, and all m.oneys appropriated under this act., or so much thereof as may be necessary to carry out its provisions, shall be ex- pended by the inspector of apiaries under the direction of the State board of agriculture, and the same shall be drawn from the treasury upon presen- tation of proper certificates of said board to the auditor general, and his warrant to the State treasurer. Sec. 13. All acts and parts of acts inconsistent herewith are hereby re- pealed. Idaho Honey Producers' Association (Limited). The association is a corporation or- ganized under the laws of the State of Idaho, with a capital stock of ten 238 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW thousand dollars, divided into shares of five dollars each, an amount so small that ever}- bee-keeper can afford at least one share. Bee-keepers are especially asked to become members, though others may participate, if suf- ficient stock is not sold to members to adequately finance the corporation. The headquarters of the corporation are at Idaho Falls, Idaho, where a warehouse will be established as soon as possible. Local secretaries will be chosen at various points to facilitate the distribution of supplies and the seg- regation and grading of honey. WHY WE ORGANIZED. Up to the present time the producers have been bidding, one against another, in the sale of their product, until prices locally have been demoralized. The establishment of a just and uniform price is one object to be accomplished. GR.'\DING. Furthermore, the buyer of honey, in ordering from individual producers, was never sure of getting what he ordered with regard to grade, and a lower price was necessarily offered in order to make good the risk of receiving goods not up to the standard rules of grading. Grading rules fair to both producer and buyer will be established, and all honey graded, packed and shipped under the direction of the association. The ex- perience of the Colorado association demonstrates that no co-operative asso- ciation can succeed unless uniform packages and close grading are adopted. In addition, the adoption of this policy will give to our product the wide- spread and enviable reputation it de- serves. It will enable us to secure top prices because our customers will know that they get, without inspection, what they order, shipped in a proper wa}'. Furthermore, they will know that they are dealing with a firm that has a first- class commercial rating. BEE SUPPLIES. The association will buy supplies for its members, in car load lots, thus re- ceiving the jobber's rate of about twen- ty-five per cent below catalog prices. It will be the aim of the association to carry a stock of supplies as soon as finances permit, and a warehouse can be secured. BEE DISEASE. The association also pledges itself and its members to use all reasonable meas- ures in looking to the eradication of disease. The individual members are obligated to respect the rights of others with regard to range, and the associa- tion as a whole will do all in its power to prevent the crowding in of bees upon territory already occupied. PRICE OF STOCK. The price of stock is five dollars per share, which draws a guaranteed divi- dend of eight per cent. This guarantee makes the stock a desirable investment and promises to provide the funds nec- essary. The holder of one share of stock is entitled to vote at all meetings of the corporation. Holders of more than one share have only one vote. Hence the association can never drift into the hands of the financially pow- erful, but must remain under the con- trol of bee-keepers as a whole. DIVIDENDS AND REBATES. Article ten of the by-laws provides that all surplus shall be divided among members as follows : After all expenses have been paid, all issued stock shall receive a dividend of eight per cent. All surplus remaining thereafter shall be rebated to stockholders in propor- tion to the amount of commission paid by them during the year. COST OF SELLING. The association charges ten per cent commission on all sales, whether made by the producer or the association. The Colorado association has found that about two per cent pays all expenses and the balance of eight per cent is re- turned to the producer at the end of the business period. Not taking into account the worry and the loss from possible bad accounts, we are justified in assuming that no producer can mar- ket his crop as cheaply. HOW SALES ARE MADE. The secretary has in his office in- formation as to prices from all parts of the United States. Honey will gener- ally be shipped with sight draft at- tached to bill of lading and only to responsible firms. HOW TO BECOME A MEMBER. Send remittance to the secretary for the number of shares you wish (five dollars a share) and you will receive a certificate of stock and voucher at- tached. Sign the voucher and return to the secretary. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 239 BEGINNERS DEPARTMENT What To "Do Each Month This Department will be a permanent feature for the year 1913. Whether it is continued after that, or not, will depend upon how it is received by the subscribers. This paper is being published for your interest, and it is our desire to give you what you want. If this Department is not ivanted it will not be continued. JUNE — Southwestern States. By Hexrv C. Barron, Hagerman, N. M. W'ith but a few exceptions the first of June shoukl see all supers for surplus honey on their respective hives. From this time on there will be plent}'^ of alfalfa bloom until frost comes again. The sweet clover is coming on rapidly, and there is sufficient wild flora for pollen and some honey. Those producing" section and bulk comb honey should watch closely so that as soon as the honey is sealed take it oft' that the color may be at its best. In eastern New Mexico there will be but very few natural swarms so that the bee-keeper, if any increase is desired, must make them artificially. It should all be done this month, in order that the new swarm may have the full season in which to build up. and become strong before the season is over. The amateur and the old bee-keeper has his own way of farm- ing this increase, but perhaps it would be well for the beginner to use care and follow the Alexander plan, and there has been two or three very good ones in the late copies of the journals, of which it is taken for granted you are a reader, if not subscribe now. JUNE — Northern States. Jessr H. Roukrts, Watseka. III. June in our latitude is the busiest month of the year for the bee-keeper — honey gathering and swarming. If a swarm clusters on a small limb, the best plan is to cut it off and carry it, bees and all, to the hive which you should have in readiness. Shake them in front of the hive and they will soon find the entrance and go in. If the swarm cluster on some immovable object, set the hive as close to them as is practical, then smoke and brush them down upon the 240 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW hive. After they are hived move them to their permanent location. Always smoke the bees before attempting to hive them, as this may save you many a sting. Never set the newly hived swarm in the hot sun, but always shade them for the first three days after hiving, for this excessive heat is the most frequent cause of bees leaving their hive at this time. If the swarm seems to be dissatisfied with their quarters, give them a comb of unsealed brood from some other hive. Bees should be looked over every week during the honey flow removing all sealed honey and replacing with foundation or empty combs. If you are running for extracted honey, empty the combs twice a week. If the strictest attention is paid to this month more honey miofht be obtained. Sixty-Pound Can for Molding Wax By WESLEY FOSTER. "^^ HE sixty-pound honey \Sj cans with the lops cut off make excellent cans for molding wax. The only objection to their use is that the wax is difficult to remove. The wooden frame fitted to the can, as shown in the illus- tration, is designed to remedy this defect. The super springs nailed to the inside of the frame do not show plainly. The springs bend the can in so that when the frame is re- moved after the wax has cooled the tin will spring- away from the v/ax and leave the wax free to be removed from the can. Wax molded in sixty-pound cans is very convenient to handle in burlap bags. Sugar sacks are the best size, as you can get in about sixty pounds of wax, which is most convenient for handling. The sensation of the season ! Three Thousand Colonies in Fifty Yards Managed from One Office. Ten-article series to begin next month. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 241 NATIONAL GRADING RULES Adopted at Cincinnati, Feb. is, 1913. Sections of comb honey are to be graded: First, as to finish; second, as to color of honey; and third, as to weight. The sections of honey in any given case are to be so nearly alike in these three respects that any section shall be representative of the contents of the case. I. FINISH: 1. Extra Fancy — Sections to be evenly filled, comb firmly attached to the four sides, the sections to be free from propolis or other pronounced stain, combs and cappings white, and not more than six unsealed cells on either side. 2. Fancy — Sections to be evenly filled, comb firmly attached to the four sides, the sections free from propolis or other pronounced stain, comb and cappings white and not more than six unsealed cells on either side exclusive of the outside row. 3. No. I — Sections to be evenly filled, comb firmly attached to the four sides, the sections free from propolis or other pronounced stain, comb and cappings wh te to slightly off color, and not more than iO unsealed cells, exclusive of the outside row. 4. No. 2 — Comb not projecting beyond the box, attached to the sides not less than tvv'o-thirds of the way around and not more than 60 unsealed cells exclusive of the row adjacent to the box. II. COLOR: On the basis of color of the honey, comb honey is to be classified as: first, white; second, light amber; third, amber; and fourth, dark. III. AA'EIGHT: 1. Heavy — No section designated as heavy to weigh less than fourteen ounces. 2. Medumi — No section designated as medium to weigh less than twelve ounces. 3. Light — No section designated as light to weigh less than ten ounces. In describing honey, three words or symbols are to be used, the first being descrip- tive of the finish, the second of color and the third of weight. As for example: "Fancy, white, heavy (F-W-H) ; No. 1, Amber, medium (1-A-M), etc. In this way any of the possible combinations of finish, color and weight can be Ijriefly described. CULL HOXEY Cull honey shall consist of the following: Honey packed in soiled second-hand cases or that in badly stained or propolized sections; sections containing pollen, honey-dew honey, honey showing signs of granulation, poorly ripened, sour or '"weepnig" hoi:ey; sections with comb projecting beyond the box or well attached to the box less than two- thirds the distance around its inner surface; sections with more than 60 unsealed cells, exclusive of the row adjacent to the box; leaking, injured, or patched up sections; sec- tions weighing less than ten ounces. BOSTON— Fancy and No. 1 white comb, 16c Columbus, Ohio, Mav 20th, 1913. to 17c per lb. Fancy white extracted, lie to j^Jitor REVIEW : 12c. Beeswax, 30c. _,, ... , . BLAKE-LEE CO. rlease discontinue my advertisement April 7. in the June Review as the orders are more than I can fill at present. DETROIT, MICH.— Choice to fancy white Yours trulv <:omb, 18 @ 20c; amber, 14 @ 16c; extracted, 9i4@10c per lb. ToSEPH W. LlEB. May 20. KANSAS CITY— Our market is bare of .ir ir • ■«*• ,.• comb honey; good demand. Supply of ex- Alialta in Michigan. traded fair with light demand. We quote as T„ rpo-ard tn alfalfa i> I'c cr,mpwViat follows: Extracted white, per pound, Sc to ,.^" regara to aitaita, it IS somewnat 8^c; extracted amber, per pound, 7c to IVzc; dltncult to tell JUSt what benefit it Will beeswax, per pound, 25c to 28c. have on the future honej' yields in Ma 21^'ffl^' ^^^^^^^^ PRODUCE CO. Michigan. Last year I extracted some — - — ^ honey which was almost clear alfalfa. CHICAGO— The market has cleaned up We have had for several years small quite well on extracted honey during the past patches of it, but not until last year month, and prices remain about the same as ,i;j t l,r,^,,,;„r,l,r ^^^^:,.„ -,„,. k^^^c* in our previous quotation. The clover and ^'^^ -^ knowingly receive any benefit linden bringing 9c to 10 per lb. when in every irom same. A great many farmers are sense perfect. Other white honeys 8c to 9c putting in from five to twentv acres, per lb., amber grades 7c to Sc per lb. No 1 ^nd this vear the seeding will be much to fancy white comb honey 17c to 18c per lb., , ^1 " i. r t 1 1 • r •other grades from ic to oc per lb. less, with larger than betore. 1 am looking for very little on the market. Beeswax 30c to 32c great things from alfalfa in Southern per lb. and in good demand. Michie-an in the future R. A. BURNETT & CO., iMiv-ingdii luc luiuic. May 17. 173 W. South Water St. C. M. NiCHOLS, Addison, Mich. 242 THE BEE-KEEPERS REVIEW Atib tta AffiUatfii ABaoriattmtB Officers. Directoxs. Dr. Burton N. Gates, President E. D. Townsend Nortlistar, Mich. P, i^-V'k ••••••••• -^herst. Mass. j ^ Buchanan Franklin, Tenn. Dr. H. a. Surface, Vice-Pres. .Harnsburg, Pa. ,,, „ t, , , ^ , £. B. Tyrrell, Secretary Detroit, Mich. Wesley Foster Boulder. Colo. 214 Hammond Bldg. F- B. Cavanagh Hebron, Ind. C. P. Dadant, Treas Hamilton, III. Prof. Wilmon Newell. .College Station, Tex. Affiliated Associations and Their Secretaries. Arizona Honey Exchange New Jersey — E. G. Carr....New Egypt, N. J. G. M. Frizzell, Tempe, Ariz. N. California — Alwin P. Hein Adirondack— H. E. Gray.. Fort Edwards, N.Y. Box 16, Fair Oaks, Calif. Colorado— Wesley Foster ... .Boulder, Colo. jj. Michigan— Ira D. Bartlett Chicago-Northwestern — L. C. Dadant.... r- ^» t^,^^« -m-.^u Hamilton. 111. ^ E^^* J""^*^^"' ^^''^■ Hampshire — Hampden — Franklin— Dr. Ohio— Prof. N. E. Shaw, Dept. of Agr Burton N. Gates Amherst. Mass. Columbus, Ohio Idaho — R. D. Bradshaw Notus, Ida. Oregon — H. Wilson Corvalis, Ore. Twin Falls— C.H. Stinson. .Twin Falls, Ida. pgcos Valley— Henry C. Barron Idaho Honey Producers Assn. — trank rr .,„„,„„„ xr„,.. at. ;„ Tj 1 c 1 Tj V, rlagerman. New Mexico Illin'!,Ts-T.s.- A.- Stone.V.Rt;4Vsp^tTfield''n° Phnnsylvania-H. C. Klinger, Liverpool. Pa. Iowa — S. \V. Snyder Center Point, Iowa Tennessee— J. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn. Indiana — Geo. W. Williams, Redkey. Ind. Texas — Willis C. Collier, Box 154 Kansas — O. A Keen Topeka Kans Goliad, Texa» Massachusetts Society OF Bee-Iveepers..... Vermont— P. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. ....Leslie A. M. Stewart, Franklin, Mass. ,,, t r. r^ Missouri— J. F. Diemer Liberty, Mo. Washington— J. B. Ramage Michigan— O. H. Schmidt Rt- 2. N. Yakima, Wash. Rt. 5, Bay City, Mich. Wisconsin — Gus Dittmer Augusta, Wis. Minnesota — Dr. L. D. Leonard Worcester County — J. S. Whittemore . ..51. 5 Syndicate Bldg.. Minneapolis, Minn. Leicester, Mass. Massachusetts Agricultural College Extension Service — Bee-Keep- ers' Annual Convention, Amherst, Mass., June 11 and 12, 1913. just as we are alxiut to close the form for the June Review, a most complete program of the above convention is received. We regret very much that it did not reach us in time so it could have been published in full. For program and further particulars address ^^'illianl D. Hurd, Director of the Extension Service, Amherst, Mass. New Jersey State Bee-Keepers' Association will hold a field meeting at the ajDiary of Air. George Grover, near Trenton, N. J., going on the Trenton-Lawrenceville trolley, Wednes- day, June 25th, ^913. A good program is in course of preparation. Bring your neigh- bor bee-keeper with you. Very truly yours. E. G. C.vRR, Sec.-Treas., New Egypt, N. J. Next Fall's Meeting of the National. At the Cincinnati meeting of the National it w.is decided to hold cne of those old-fashioned conventions, such as used to be held pre- THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 243 vious to last year, Avhere questions concernint^- l)ees were dibcussei,! in connection with the necessary business that had to be done. Word is just received at this office from President Gates that we may expect something- definite as to time and place of this meet- ing in time for the Juh' Review. At Cincinnati, it will be remem- bered, the sessions were rather dull for those not delegates, as the meeting was almost wholly of a business nature. Members will take notice that next fall's meeting- will not be a business or delegate meeting, but wholly one of a sociable nature, where questions of in- terest to the members can be discussed by the members, as no busi- ness will be on the program at that meeting. A\'atch for President Gates's announcement in the julv number of the Re\'ie\v. Report of the Northern Michigan Affiliation of the National Bee-Keepers' Association. Ira D. Bartlett, Secretary. East Jordan, Mich. The meeting was held in the parlor of the Hotel Whiting, at Traverse Cit}-, Michigan, Alarch 19 and 20, 10] 3. Session called to order by President C. F. Smitli, at 2 p. m. Mr. Smith in his opening remarks advised not to sell honey in the candied form, but to have it delivered to a customer in the liquid state. He mentioned the excellent article that Northern -Michigan produced and thought w'e w^ere entitled to a better price, and suggested the distribution of samples, as do the druggists, to beget more orders. The reports of the Treasurer and the Secretary were read and approved. The appointment of committees was deferred for the time, and the convention passed on to the "good of the order." Referring to the Secretary's report the question of the appro- priation by the Legislature for the repression of "Foul Brood" was discussed. Mr. Coveyou thought we ought to hold our convention in some other city. Messrs. Jaquays and Chapman were in favor of moving farther north for the next year's meet. Some suggested having the meeting held in the Fall ; others a little earlier in the Spring, to avoid bad roads. President Smith was rather optimistic. He claimed the bad roads were an aid to the convention, as vvc can do nothing else, at least nothing more profitable, than to attend the conventions, and said it was lack of interest rather than bad roads that kept down the attendance. ]\Ir. Burkholder mentioned the heavy winter losses and con- sequently the small number of colonies as one factor. 244 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Following the discussion a motion was carried that we hold our next annual meeting at Petoskey. The Secretary then read Mr. B. Cavanagh's paper, "Selling Honey by a House-to-House Canvass." Mr. Cavanagh pointed out many very important points in the successful sale of extracted honey, and is to be commended for the way in which he handles, it, as he seems to have reached a class of people out of the ordinary, having sold 40,000 pounds the past winter, at 25 cents per pound. The paper was freely discussed, and many had their eyes opened to new opportunities in an old field. Mr. Elias E. Coveyou then addressed the convention on "Co- operative Ideas for Michigan Apiarists." Mr. Coveyou advised the support of a central station where honey could be distributed to better advantage. He believed cans and cases should be emptied and returned tO' the consignor; that 10 cents per dozen could be saved by buying glasses as a unit, and their delivery made from the central station. Detroit can furnish better freight rates via boat than most any other city. Rates to the copper country are low, and if honey was shipped direct to Detroit in car lots, bottled there and shipped out, greater individual profits could be made. The discussion was followed by Messrs. Ira D. Bartlett, Samuel Chapman and Geo. H. Kirkpatrick. A short recess was then given to pay dues, after which the question box was opened. Several very interesting topics were discussed, including "The Melting of Honey When Candied" and "Getting the Honey from the Cappings." Session closed to meet at the Elks' Temple at 7:00 p. m., where the evening session would be held, and where an illustrated lecture would be given, which the AVestern Michigan Development Bureau, through the kindness and adept hand of R. H. Ellsworth, had prepared. Evening Session. A letter from E. B. Tyrrell on the foul brood situation was read, following which Mr. E. M. Hunt, of Lansing, gave his talk on 'Toul Brood Legislation." Mr. Hunt is very enthusiastic regard- ing the new foul brood bill, and gave the assembly a very interesting and instructive address. We surely appreciate what Mr. Hunt and others have done in their endeavor to draft and get properly pre- sented, at an opportune time, a good bill on the dread foul brood question. At the suggestion of Bro. Hunt the writer sent a night letter to the committee in charge, signed by the President and Secretary, on the eve of the presentation of the bill. We were then favored with the lantern slides and talks on the THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 245 various subjects presented, after which the meeting adjourned to meet at the Whiting Parlors the next morning at 8:00 o'clock. Thursday Morning Session. The election of officers resulted as follows : President, Chas. F. Smith, Cheboygan, ]\Iichigan ; Vice-president, Elias E. Coveyou, Petoskey, Michigan ; Secretary-Treasurer, Ira D. Bartlett, East Jordan, Michigan. The order of program was somewhat reversed. J\lr. George Jaquays addressed the convention on how he disposed of his 1913 crop of comb honey. In part Mr. Jaquays said: "First produce a good article. I level my hives with a spirit level ; use top and bottom starters, but do not use separators ; grade first and seconds for the trade. I clean, grade and pack properly and then load up the wagon and start for the resorts, selling to the merchants. I have never had any complaints and enjoy selling in this way."' The writer then disposed of his topic. "Getting All the Honey from the Cappings." 'T have practiced for several seasons back the melting up of the cappings after the season's extracting, then place the honey in 10-pound pails and sell to the grocers. The honey is dark, but of a good flavor, and I sell for less money than the regular stock honey, and so dispose of it quickly. All cans are properly labelled stating just what it is, and how obtained, how it got its dark color," etc. Last but not least came J\Ir. E. D. Townsend's articles. Mr. Townsend at the last minute not being able to attend sent three very important and interesting papers, which were read and created a good deal of interest and enthusiasm. The topic on "vSoft Candy for an All-around Bee Feed" was creative of a good deal of questioning and the Secretary had to re-read portions the second and third time. As this referred to the formula of O. F. Fuller, of Blackstone, Mass., and has since been printed fully in the Review, I will proceed to the other topics. The next was a "Copy of the Act for the .Suppression of Contagious Diseases Among Bees in the State of Michigan." Mr. Townsend reprinted the complete bill and we appreciate his untiring efforts in behalf of the Bee-Keepers, not only of Michigan, but of the world. Some one has to think and then to act and I know that Mr. Town- send can, and has many times done both. There are others who have done likewise and they still linger in our memory and their deeds will be remembered and appreciated for many generations. Mr. Townsend's final paper was a heart-to-heart talk on the important questions of the day. He outlined propositions for the profitable and economical distribution and sale of our products ; told us what was done at the National meeting and offered timely 246 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW sugg-estions ; reported the financial conditions of the National, and what had been done with the "'Review/' I regret that time and space will not allow a fuller report, but will say in conclusion that the convention was a success, and I wish in behalf of the ofificers to thank those who so kindly aided in making it so. A Lawyer Is Employed by the Iowa Association. Inasmuch as some Iowa bee-keepers are being troubled by per- sons who seem inclined to trap or poison their bees after trying to compel their owners to move them, the board of officers of the Iowa Bee-Keepers' Association has decided to emplo}- an attorney who will give free advice to all enquiring members of the association in regard to any legal aspect of the bee-keeping industry. At present the society cannot ofifer to pay the expenses of litigation, as funds are low. However, in especially deserving cases the board might vote to pay a part of such expenses. We feel that it will be worth considerable to members to have the free advice of a law3^er who will be fully informed, without having to go 'to the trouble of looking up each separate case in advance. Lawyers, like other pro- fessional men, are better informed along special lines. The board has selected Mr. Russell E. Ostrus, of Des Moines, to represent the society. Mr. Ostrus comes from a family of bee-keepers and we feel will serve us well. All enquiries should be submitted to the President or Secretary, who will take the matter up promptly with the attorney. Please announce this provision through the ct)lumns of the Review. April 30th, 1913. Frank C. Pellett. President of the Iowa State Bee-Keepers' Ass'n, Atlantic, Iowa. Editor Review : A good white clover flow on now in three-fourths of the state. Bees in the hands of experts have from 10 to 15 frames of brood and in splendid condition to get the money-honey, then the bee-keeper can get his honey-money. I am proud to know that I own a part-interest in the Review and hope every member feels as though a part of the responsibility was on his shoulders, and get new members and subscribers. J. F. DiEMER. Liberty, Mo., May 26th, 1913. Brother Diemer : We are exceedingly glad to get your report of a good flow of clover honey in your state. As you say, bees are, generally speaking, in good condition this spring to take advantage of the honey flow when it comes. As the southern and middle states will be fairly well over their early honey flow by the 20th of this month, we request that all producers in these locations mail the Review a postal card upon that date, stating (1) the condition of the bees. (2) flow of honey to date compared with the seasons of 1911-12. At this time do not report the prospects ahead (we will get that later), but wdiat has been done to date. With this information a partial report can be made in the July Review. We thank you for your concluding kind words for the Review, and especially for the three subscriber-members vou enclose with this. THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW 247 Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your advertisement in this department. HOKE'r AND WAX. Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 So. Water St., Chicago. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. HiLDRETH & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. For Sale — 80 gallons of clover-basswood blend of extracted honey at 10c per pound, or 9c per pound if the entire lot is ordered at once. A. J. Diebold, Seneca, 111. BEES AND QUEENS. For Sale — 50 to 300 colonies, 8-frame, good condition E. F. Atwater, Meridian, Idaho. Bees by the pound, without comb, $1.25; Yi lb., 75c; queen, Italian, $1.00. Rosedale Apiaries, Big Bend, La. Choice Oueens from June 1st to Septem- ber 1st, $1 each; 6 for $5. D. T. Blocker, Pearl City, 111. Pedigreed Goldens — 7oc each; ten for $0.50. Border City ^Vpiaries, 1224 Garrison, Ft. Smith, Ark. Have You Bees for Sale, either full col- onies, nuclei of bees by the pound? If so, kindly write Doan M. Waldron, Rexton, Mackinaw Co., Mich. For Sale — 50 colonies Italian Hybrid bees, 10-frame, free from disease, at $4.00; 1,500 extra combs, shallow and deep, 10 cents and 20 cents. Supers. Rev. F. Schedtler, Sum- ner, la., R. 7. Wanted. — 200 colonies bees, any style hive or box. For sale, 250 painted dovetailed supers for 4J4 sections at 25c each in lots of 25 or more. Correspondence solicited. A. W. Smith, Birmingham, Mich. Three-Banded Italian Queens and Bees. — Untested oueens, 75c each; six, $4.25; twelve, $8.00. Tested, $1.25 each; six, $7.00; twelve, $12.00. For select queens, 1-frame, $1..")0; 2- i'rauie, $2.50; 3-frame, $3.00. For nuclei in quantity lots, and bees by the pound, write lor ])rices and circular. Robert B. Spicer, Whar- ton, N. J. Untested Dark Italian Queens — Howe strain; select mated. No other bees in mating distance. Ready about June 10th. Send for circular; 1 oueen $1.00, 6 for $4.50, 12 for $8.50. D. G. Little, Hartley, la. Golden Italian Queens that produce golden bees, the brightest kind. Gentle, and as good honey gatherers as can be found. Each $1, six $5; tested $2. J. B. Brockwell, Barnetts, Va. I Shall Requeen all of my colonies this spring. I will sell the one year old queens for 40c, any quantity. Safe delivery guaran- teed. When ordering mention Bee-Keepers' Review. E. O. Meserve, Veirtura, California. Bees in l/z and 1-lb. packages without queen, $1.25 and $2.00. These are young bees free from disease and will greatly stimulate your weak colonies. Any serious loss by shipment will be made good by us. Charles C. Schneider, Dancy, Alabama. Shall Requeen all my colonies this spring. Will sell all one-year-old queens 40c apiece, $4.00 per dozen. Untested Italian queens of Doolittle, J. P. Moore's stock, 60c apiece, $5.00 per dozen. No disease. Safe arrival guaran- teed. E. O. Meserve, Ventura, Cal. Queens by Return Mail — Three-band Ital- ian only. Bees that are bred for business. Tested Oueens $1.00 each, $12.00 per dozen. Untested' $1.00 each, $9.00 per dozen. No disease; satisfaction guaranteed. J. W. K. Shaw & Co., Loreauville, Iberia Parish, La. We Will Requeen all our 2,000 colonies this spring; we offer the one-year-old queens removed from these hives at 40c each, any quantity. Untested queen this year's breed- ing 60c each, delivery guaranteed. Book o ders now. Spencer Apiaries Co , Nordhoff, Calif Ouirin's Famous Improved Italian Queens, nuclei, colonies and bees by the pound, ready in May. Our stock is northern-bred and liardy; five yards wintered on summer stands in 1908 and 1909 without a single loss. For prices send for circular. Quirin-the-Queen- Breeder, Bellevue, Ohio. We Will Requeen all our 2000 colonies this spring with young queens bred from our best home and imported Italian stock. We of- fer the one-year-old queens removed from these hives at 40c each, untested queens this year's breeding, 60c. Special reduced prices for 100 or more either young or old. We breed for business, not for looks. No disease. Delivery guaranteed. Book orders now to in^ sure early delivery. Spencer Apiaries Co., Nordkoff, California. Golden and Three Banded Italian, also gray Carniolan queens. Tested, $1.00 each.- 3 or more, 90c each. Untested, 75c each' 3 to 6, 70c each; 0 or more, 65c each. Bee' per pound $1.25; nuclei per frame $1.50. > discount on orders booked 30 days befors shipment. Rankston & Lyon, Box 64, Buf- falo, Leon County, Texas. 248 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Italian Queens, bred in Southern Michi- gan; just far enough north to have superior winterers for all northern states and Canada. Bees by pound and half pound. My free de- scriptive list tells it all. Untested, $1.00; select tested, $1.50. My goldens are bred up from imported 3-band stock to start with. (Gentle) select golden untested, $1.10. See list. Plans "How to Introduce Queens," 15c; "How to Increase," 15c; both, 35c. E. E. MoTT, Glenwood, Mich. Carniolan Queens. — Untested $1.00 for one, $5.50 for six, $10.00 for 12. Tested $1.50 for one, $8.00 for six, $15.00 for 12. These queens are bred from the best strains selected after sending to queen raisers in many dif- ferent places in Austria. Having bought all the bees within several miles of this apiary we will agree to replace any untested queens that prove to be hybrids. Some of the best imported Carniolans show slight traces of yel- low, but are gentle, not a cross hybrid with two or three yellow bands. Wm. Kernan, Rt. 2, Dushore, Pa. Miscx:i;i.ANi:ovs. Want to Send You our catalog and price list of beehives and fixtures. They are nice and cheap. White Mfg. Co., Greenville, Tex. For Sale — Bee-Keepers' supplies, honey and bees. Write for price circular. A. E. Bur- dick, Sunnyside, Wash. Recleaned Silveriiull Seed Buckwheat — One bu. $1.15, 2 bu. $2.15, 5 or more bu. $1.00 per bu., bags included. Order now. Wm. VoLLMER, Akron, N. Y. Wanted — At once, several good men to work in our apiaries. Give wages wanted, age and experience in first letter. The Rocky Moun- tain Bee Co., Forsyth, Montana. For Sale — 100 eight-frame and 20 ten-frame comb supers complete with foundations and sections at 35c each. Not factorjf made. 30 Miller feeders and 50 comb shipping cases at two-thirds market value. Leon C. Wheelfr, Barryton, Mich. For Sale — Two Hatch wax presses, two solar extractors, two frame extractors for frames shorter than Langstroth, one Daisy foundation fastener, one Lewis fastener, one Globe veil, one capping melter, one gravity separator. These are practically new goods and will be sold for 60 to 70% of their orig- inal cost. Leon C. Wheeler, Barryton, Mich. For Sale — 90 10-frnme dovetailed L. hives nearly new and painted; 50 10-frame extracting supers, 7yi in. deep. Root's make. The above nives are without frames. L. hives complete except frames, 75c each; 7^ in. deep dove- tailed super, without frames, 35c each. Also 300 new all-wood L. frames, with lA-inch top- bar, k. d. at $2.10 per hundred. W. H. Town send, Hubbardston, Mich. For Sale — 13-acre fruit and bee farm; 150 colonies of bees in double walled patent hives, and all fixtures suitable for running four or five hundred colonies of bees for comb and extracted honey. Reason for selling, my wife died and I have no one to keep house. Price for the whole is $2,500, part cash. For fur- ther particulars write to John Eraser, Gilboa, Schoharie Co., N. Y. POULTRY. Sicilian Buttercups. — The most persistent layers and non-sitting strain eggs, $1.50 and $3.00 per 15. Walter M. Adema, Berlin, Mich. Wj^^ Famous Queens direct from Italy Bees more beautiful, more gentle, more industrious, long' tongutcl. The best honey-gatherers. Universal Expcsition St. Louis U. S. A. 1904. Tlie highest av»'ar«l.s! Extra Breeding Queens $3; select $2, fertilized $1.50. Write ANTHONY BIAGGI, Pedevilla, near Bellinzona, Italian Switzerland. Member of the National Beekeepers' Association. Please in writing' mention Review. Line Bred Carniolan Queens Selected and bred according to the most powerful method known to intensify and per- petuate the good qualities of the breeding queen. Untostcrt $1.00 each; $0.00 floz. Te.sted $1,50 each Bree«1ers !)'".'>.00 A limited quantity of nuclei, full colonies and bees by the pound at the end of June. Ask for prices. A I BERT G. HANN, Carniolan Queen Breeder, Pittsto^n, N. .1. Am Now Shipping Untested Queens from ]>Iy Celebrated Pedigreed Strain My bees are the pro- ^ h. A A duct of many years of breeding by both SWARTHMORE and HENRY ALLEY. Beth names stand out like beacon lights among our past and present breeders, for the best queens ever prodviced in the United States. Never had foul brood. ' r y^ "" .Swarthmore Apiaries, Swarthmore, Pa. ^Swarthmore. o Send for Annual Catalog which will tell I you who is your nearest Distributer. I G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. I I Cli/IO UIUCO ARE BUILT LIKE FURNITURE Lt nio nil to ARE PERFECT IN ALL RESPECTS THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 249 Queens That "Arc Better" Italians and Banals Untested Oueens, 7 5c each; $8.00 per dozen; two or more dozen in one order,, $7.50 per dozen. Tested Oueens, $1.2.5 each; $1L>.00 per aozen. Breeder' Queens, $3.00 each. Foreign trade add 5c each extra. Yi lb. Packages of Bees after May 1st, $2.00. Select queen wanted and add to tnis. The express charges on these will be very small in comparison with charges on frame nuclei. One-frame Nuclei with Untested Oueen, $2.00 each; 2-frame, $3.00; 3-frame, $4.00. Full Colony of Bees in 10-frame hive, $7.00. Add 50c each if Tested Queen is wanted; $2.00 if Breeder Queen is wanted. For 10 or more Colonies or Nuclei, deduct 25c each. Write if interested in carload lots. I have successfully shipped Bees and Queens from this place every month ol the "Two colonies of bees invoiced by you on Jan. 29 to Matsutaro Sarado, Kobe, ar- rived safely on March 23, and are satisfactory. , ■ t >' March 31, 1912. Masami Voshimura, Ogaki, Japan. Kach Colony contained a fine Breeding Queen. My Bee and Oueen Exhibits at the State Fair of Texas were aw^arded six premiums in 1911. Italians ~vere also awarded First Prize at The Cotton Palace, in Waco, lexas. "Your Money's Worth" is my motto. Terms are Cash with order. I refer you to Sabinal National Bank or any business firm in Sabinal. I have nine yards, and with several hundred nuclei, I can serve many customers. I solicit your trade. J. A. Simmons, UvaWc Co. Apiaries, Sabinal, Texas Sweet Clover and Heartsease Honey, Blended ; Very Nice 10 lb. friction top pails, 6 in case at ^"'nn ^^'' '^^^^ 5 lb. friction top pails, 12 in case at '^-00 per case 1 Vi lb. friction top pails, 24 in case at '1-30 per case I '. lb. glass jars 24 in case at 2.60 per case Sample 4c. Satisfaction guaranteed or honey and money returned at my expense. Address Henry Stenvart, Prophetstown, 111. of granulation. Secured 2,500 pounds from 30 colories. comb and extracted in 1911 crop, lighter 1912. My honey is of good avor, gathered from white clover, sweet clover, buckbush, fruit bloom, squashes, buckwheat, etc. Cold- est weather 9 degrees below zero 1913. F. F. George, Fraser, Ida. Apiary of F. F. George in Winter Quarters. I am enclosing a photo of my apiary of 62 colonies of bees and honey house, taken January, 1913, snow 30 inches deep — deepest for thirty years in this locality. Buck bush our main source of nectar. I have a bottle of it re- ceived in 1910, vet clear, without sign California Prospects for a Honey Crop Discouraging. It is rather too early yet to know about our honey crop here in Cali- fornia, but I think it will be a failure in the Sage belt, at least in the middle coast belt. In this locality, outside of the irrigated district, the grain crops are the poorest since the latter seventies. There will not be a pound of grain harvested in some localities on 10,000 acres of land. David J. Grabill. Modesto, Calif., 'Mav 5th, 1913. THE BEEWARE BRAND M F A N 9 ^ 1 1 n r. F ^ ^ Send for Annual Catalog which will tell . .. o .. ,, . .. « ^ yo" who is your nearest DUtributer. INSURANCE G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown. WU. 250 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW ORGANIZED CO-OPERATION ADVANCEMENT THE WESTERN HONEY BEE A new Magazine owned and run by the California State Bee-Keepers' Association, Extensive crop reports from the whole country. Get the initial issue of April 1 and hear what the Bee Men say that figure their honey by the ton. ADVERTISERS Write for prices. Money spent with us brings business. Issued the first day of each month. $1 a year. Business Office, 1 18 Market St., GEO. L. EMERSON, Los Angeles, Cal. Manager Three Band Long Tongued Red Clover Italian QUEENS For Sale — The 3 band queens are of the A. I. Root Co.'s improved long-tongued bees which have proven them- selves to be the best of honey producers. I use the Uoo- little and Miller plans for queen-cells. One untested oueen 7uc, 6 for $4.00. 12 for $7..'j0, 25 for $13.50, 50 for $25.00, 100 for $45.00. Double this price for tested queens. One frame Nuclei $1.50, 2 frame $2.50, 3 frame $3.50. To each Nucleus add the price of queen. No personal checks accepted. J. B. ALEXANDER, Cato, Arkansas. SUPPLIES I carry an up-to-date line. New Eng- land Distributor of ROOT'S celebrated Bee-Keepers' Supplies. ITALIAN BEES and QUEENS in their season. My de- scriptive catalog's tells you all about these things, and is sent free upon request. EARL M. NICHOLS, Lyonsville, 3Iassachusetts. ITALIAN QUEENS Beginners' outfits and other supplies. Send for list. Address AI.ISO APIARY CO., Glenilale, California. Make Your Own Hives Bee Keepers will save money by using our Foot ' """ SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street. Rockford, Illinois. GET TOP NOTCH PRICES nV USING LEWIS SECTIONS send for Annual catalog which willtell --- .._.r_ .._.T_^. Kw ..... ...........■_ «.«••» you who IS your nearest Distributer FOR YOUR HONEY DI AND SHIPPING CASES G.B. Lewi, company, Watertown.W,, THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 251 ATTENTION! Very important to all bee-keepers all over the world and who desire to improve their native or mixed strains of bees! The direct exportation frcm Carniola of the Gray-Banded Alpine Bee to all parts of the world, which until now was conducted by the Imperial Royal Agricul- tural Association of Carniola. in the future will manage on his own account. JOHANIT STRGAB, Wittnach, P. O. Wocheiner Teistritz, Upper-Carnicla (Krain), Austria. Owner of 58 honors awarded to him at diverse Agricultural Exhibitions for his achievements as a breeder of the best strain of Carniolan.s and producer of agricul- tural products. All Queens taken from full colonies, and not over one year old. Mailed post- age free. Dead select tested queen.s will be replaced if returned in 24 hours after arrival, except if they arrive in such a state in SoutJi-America and Australia. Bead select untested queens not replaced, except if sent to European countries. Safe arrival of nuclei and hives not guaranteed, (except if shipped to European countries.) Orders of this kind must accompany freight expenses. The safest transport of stock is in Carniolan box-hives; after arrival, or later, the combs can be cut out to fit anv frame. Prices of select tested Queens: March, April May, $5.00; June, July. Aug. Sept., October, $3.50. Select untested ciueens: June. July, August $2.00. Carniolan box-hives with 4-5 pounds of bees, .select tested queen, brood, honey, $7.00; loco R. R. Station, AVocheiner Feistritz. White Eng-lish for complete price list and new Booklet (which will be mailed free of postage) under ahove address. BLACK BROOD! BLACK BROOD! A queen that resists it is wortli ten that do not. We have queens that resist it because our breeding queens are selected from among hundreds of colonies in the black brood district that are down and out with this disease. Our breeding queens have stood the test, some for tw^ seasons, and are themselves Positively Black Brood Resistent The Benton System is our system of production, and a superior product is our guarant>\ Send for four-page circular on the Italian Bee and how to treat for Black Brood. RALPH BENTON ^""^ ^^^^ ^^ APIARIST Office: 2074 West 27th St. I.OS AXGELES, CALIFORNIA A Boyum Foundation Fastener is just wliat you want. Price postpaid only $1.7.5 And a Boyum Section Press Price postpaid only $1.00. Both postpaid for $2. .50 Manufactured by THE BOYUM APICULTUR.\L CO., Rushford, Minn. /* i| HfO fo^ FRUITS, SYRUPS %^^*MWii9 — and HONEY -^ tLoouATcEs Also Labels, Solder and Supplies 1 IXT'^k cfiivk on'v cSrvA rkv>«lA«* Write today for illustrated price list stating I W C »nip 2-horse po\ver Engine at $32.50 For descriptive circular and particulars address National Bee-Keepers' Ass'n Northstar, Michigan NATIONAL WRITING PAPER AND ENVELOPES FOR MEMBERS. Containing Member's Name and Ad- dress, Also Return Card on Upper Left Corner of Envelope. These letter heads, as formerly fur- nished, contain the names of the offi- cers and directors of the National and their postoffice address, etc. Use printed letter heads and do busi- ness like business men when selling your crop of honey next fall. The National, by buying in large quantities, are able to auote 200 sheets of paper, syixll, at $1.00; 200 envel- opes, 3ysx6y2, at $1.00 Kindly enclose extra for postage on three pounds to go by parcel post from Owosso. Mich- igan. Address all orders to The Pee-Keeppri' Review NORTH STAR, MICHIGAN. BOOKS ON PRACTICAL Bv Post- BEE CULTURE. mail. age. ABC and X Y Z of Bee Culture, cicth !;;2.oo ."jo.ao A B C and X V Z of Bee Culture, half leather 2.75 .30 A B C and X Y Z of Bee Culture, German ed 2.50 .20 A B C de L'Apiculture, French ed. 2.00 .20 Advar^ced Bee Culture, W. Z. Ilutchii sun 1.00 .10 Biggie Bee Book 50 British Bee-keepers' Guide-book, Cowan 1.00 .05 Cook's Manual of the Apiary 1.15 .15 Doolittle's Queen-rearing 75 .05 Fifty Years Among the Bees, C. C. Miller 1.00 .10 First Lessons in Bee-keeping 50 Honey-bee, The — Cowan 1.00 .05 How to Keep Bees — ^Irs. Conistock 1.00 .10 Humble Bee, The— F. \V. L. Sladen 3.25 Irish Bee Guide, Rev. J. G. Digges l.Od .05 I angstroth, rev. by Dadant, cloth.. 1.25 .15 Modern Bee-farm, S. Simmins 2.00 .15 Practical Bee Guide 1.00 Ouinby's New Bee-keeping 1.00 .10 Wax Craft 1.00 Ircrease Forcing the Queen to Lay ; each " 25 .02 French edition, separate 50 .02 POPULAR BOOKS ON BEE CULTURE. Bee People, The, Margaret \V. Morley $1.50 $0.10 Children's Story of the Bee 2.00 Honey-makers, The, Margaret W. Morley 1.50 .10 Life of the Bee, Maeterlinck l.lfi .10 Bee Master of Warrilow, The — Edwards 57 .07 Lore cf the Honey Bee 2.(Ki Oueenie 75 Hee Models. .. .each 50c; 2 for 7 5c Ten-cent Library Booklets 10 Gleanings Library ..50c each, 3 for $1, 5 for $L50 RURAL BOOKS. A B C of Carp Culture f0.30 .$0.05 A B C of Potato Culture, paper 57 .07 A B C of Potato Culture, cloth 85 .07 A B C of Strawberry Culture, paper .50 .05 .\ B C of Strawberry Culture, cloth .75 .05 Tomato Culture 40 .05 Tile Drainage, W. I. Chamberlain.. .40 .05 Jilaple Sugar and the Sugar-bush, paper 30 .05 Winter Care of Horses and Cattle, paper 30 .05 How to Keep Well 1.00 Our Farming 75 The Dollar Hen 1.00 W hat to Do, paper 50 \yhat to Do. cloth 75 Celery for Profit 27 A B C of Carp Culture 25 Address All Orders THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW, Northstar, Michigan. When sending in your renewal for the REVIEW, kindly ask your neighbor bee-keeper to subscribe with you. DISTRIBUTING HOUSES FOR LEWIS BEEWARE Send for Annual Catalog which will tell you who is your nearest Distributer. G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. 288 THE BhE-KEEPERS' REVIEW WANTED New Crop Honey Both Comb and Extracted Hildreth & Segelken 265-267 GreenM icli St. NEW YORK CITY, N, Y. Line Bred Carniolan Queens Selected and bred according to the most powerful inelhod known to intensify and per- petuate the good qualities of the breeding queen. lintesteil ¥1.00 each; J|i!t.O« doz. Tested !t 1 .-(» oiif'« Hree«!ers $5,(l() A limited quantity of nuclei, full colonies and bees by the pound at the end of Ju.ie. Ask for prices. ALBERT G. HANN. Cnriiiolan Queen Breeder, l"ittst«»\vn, \. ,1. Famous Queens direct from Italy Bees more beautiful, more g'entle, more industrious, long- tongued. The best honey-gatherers. I niversal E.vpo.sitiou St. Louis U. S. A. 1904. The highe.st a^vuriLs! Extra Breeding Queens $3; select $2, fertilized $1.50. Write ANTHONY BIAGGI, Pedevilla, near Bellinzona, Italian Switzerland. Member of the National Beek(5epers' Association. Please in writing mention Review. Subscribe for the Bee -Keepers' Review Am iVo^v Shippini;- Untested Queens from My Celebrated Pedigreed Strain My bees are the pro- r!uct of many years of breeding by both SWARTHMORE and HENRY ALLEY. Both ranies stand out like beacon lights among I ur past and present l)reeders, for the best i|ueeis ever produced in the United States. Never had foul brood. ' ^ T "^ S^vsirthmore Apiarie.s, S^vartlimore, Pa. ^^OLb^^ (SSwarthmore.o A Boyum Foundation Fastener is just what ycu \va: t. Price i>oslpaid only ifl.75 And a Boyum Section Press Price postpaid only $1.00. Both postpaid for $2..'>0 .Manufactured by THE BOYUM APICULTUR.AL CO., Rushford, Minn. ATTENTION! Very important to all bee-keepers all over the world and who desire to improve their native or mi.xed strains of bees! The direct exportation from Carniola of the Gray-Banded Alpine Bee to all parts of the world, which until now was conducted by the Imperial Royal Agricul- tural As.-^ociat!on of Carniola, in the future will manage on his own account. JOHANIT STRGAR, Wittnach, P. O. "Wocheiner Peistritz, Upper-Carniola (Krain), Austria. Owner of 5S honors awarded to him at diverse Agricultural Exhibitions for his achievement, as a breeder of the best strain of Carniulan.i and producer of agricul- tural products. All Queens taken from fall colonies, and not over one year old. Mailed post- age free. Dead select tested queens will be replaced if returned in 24 hours after arrival, except if they arrive in such a state in South-America and Australia. Dead select untested queens not replaced, except if sent to European countries. Safe arrival of nuclei and hives not guaranteed, (except if shipped to European countries.) Orders of this kind must accompany freight expenses. The safest transport of stock is in Carniolan box-hives; after arrival, or later, the combs can l3e cut out to fit any frame. Prices of select tested Queens: March, April May, $5.00; June. July. Aug. Sept., October. $3.50. Select untested queens: June. July, -Vugust $2.00. Carniolan box-hives with 4-5 pounds of bees, select tested queen, luood, honej-. $7.00; Inco R. R. Station, Woclieiner Feistritz. Wliite Eng-lish for complete price list and r.ew Booklet (which will be mailed free of postage) under above address. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 289 Queens of Moore's Strain of Italians PRODUCK AVOKKERS With honey nice and quick. That fill the supers quick They have won a world-wide reputation for honey-gathering', hardiness, gentleness, etc. Un- tested queens, $1; six, |5; 12, $tt. Select untested, $1.25; six, §6; 12, $11. Safe arrival and satisfac- tion guaranteed. Circular free. J. P. MOORE, Queen-breccler, Route I , Morgan, Ky. Do ^ou produce Beeswax? Do you use Comb Foundation? If you do both, why not ship your wa.x to a comb foundation manufacturer, and get it worked into foundation? This is much the better way than sell your wax and buy your foundation. The NATIONAL has made arrangements with most of the comb foundation manu- facturers, to do work for the members. The scheme is this: the member will ship his wa.x to the foundation manufacturer lie prefers, prepaying the freight, then send the bill to the Review office, with instruc- tiors as to what heft and kind of founda- tion is wanted; knowing this, we can tell you just what it will cost you to get it made. In this way we expect to make a little proht toward making the Review bet- ter, and incidentally, save the member some money. Interested members write for the scheme, saying how mucli wax you have. The Beekeepers* Review Xorth.star, ^lieh. Better Queens Two years ago, we sent to J. P. Moore, Morgan, Ky., for one of his best breeders with wliicli to requeen our bees. We sent him $10.00 and told him we wanted the best breeder he could furnish us at any price, and if $10.00 w-as not enough to send the best and draw- on us for $10.00 more if necessary. She has proven the best breeder we have ever had. This year, we have established a queen yard and are using that old breeder and one of her finest daughters as breeders to requeen all our bees. During June and July we will sell queens of this stock at the following prices: Untested, ioc, 10 for $6.50. Tested, 90c, 10 for $7.50. These are 3-banded Italians of the best J. P. Moore strain. Send orders to H. D. Murry, Manager Shely-Murry Bee Co. Mathis, Te a.s 17 years' experience rearing queens. Comb Foundation Working Wax You have to go below the surface of things to find THE REASON WHY the HONEY BEES like Dittmer Process Comb Foundation It is because, it is PURE, WHOLE- SOME, has the TASTE, SMELL, and FIRMNESS of the Honey Comb the Honey Bee make themselves. You will be money ahead to send your wax to DITTMER to be worked into Foundation. SE\T> FOR PRICES AND DISCOUNTS. GUS. DITTMER CO. Augusta, Wis. 290 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW CELLAR WINTERING A long article on this subject is to appear in the American Bee fournal, begininng with the August, 1913, number, and continuing through September. It is written by Dr. C. C. Miller himself a Cellar Winterer Dr. Miller gives the results of his experiences and experi- ments, with comments on the same, in a manner mteresting and instructive to all. The October number of the same journal will contain criticisms of the article by Dr. E. F. Phillips of the Government Department, with Dr. Miller's replies. The Editor of the American Bee Journal, Mr. C. P. Dadant, is in Europe for a few months investigating the different races of bees., etc., there. Read what he has to say in the coming numbers. Subscribe to the American Bee Journal now. Only $1.00 a year (Postage 10c extra to Canada, 25c to Foreign Countries per year). American Bee Journal, Hamilton, Illinois V^y%E MAKE Foundation — and we also carry a full ^Vv ^i^^ f^f ^lie 1-^^st Bee-Hives, Sections, Shipping- Cases, Smokers, Veils, Tin-Cans, etc. Four t" six carloads always on hand, ready for PROM PT SHIPMENT No order too large No order too small n DADANT & SONS HAMILTON, ILL. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 291 Queens That "Arc Better" Italians and Banats Untested Queens, 'oc each; |S.OO per dozen; two or more dozen in one order,, $7.50 per dozen. Tested Queens, $1.25 each; $12.00 per dozen. Breeder'Queens, $3.00 each. Foreign trade add oc each extra. Vi lb. PacTkages of Bees after May 1st, $2.00. Select queen wanted and add to tnis. The express charges on these will be very small in comparison with charges oil frame nuclei. One-irame Nuclei with Untested Queen, $2.00 each; 2-franie, $3.00; 3-frame, $4.00. Full Colony of Bees in 10-frame hive, $7.00. Add 50c each if Tested Queen is wanted; l^i.UO if Breeder Queen is wanted. For 10 or more Colonies or Nuclei, deduct 25c each. Write if interested in carload lots. I have successfully shipped Bees and Queens from this place every month of the year. "Two colonies of bees invoiced by you on Jan. 29 to Matsutaro Sarado, Kobe, ar- rived safely on March 23, and are satisfactory. March 31, 1912. Masami Yoshimura, Ogaki, Japan." Each Colony contained a fine Breeding Queen. My Bee and Queen Exhibits at the Slate Fair of Texas were awarded six premiums in 1911. Italians '\vere also awarded First Prize at The Cotton Palace, in Waco, Texas. "Your Money's NVgrth" is my motto. Terms are Cash with order. I refer you to Sabinal National Bank or any business firm in Sabinal. I have nine yards, and with several hundred nuclei, I can serve many customers. I solicit your trade. J. A. Simmons, uvaide Co. Apiaries, Sabinaljexas The Roller Entrance is Doing the Act! No Qaeens to Clip. No Swarms to Hive. Mating Question of the Queen is Solved. Feeding is a Cinch. Satisfaction and 130 ibs. to 200 lbs. per Colony, if the ROLLER ENTRANCE Bottom Board is Used. PRICE: $2.00F.O.B., for Eight Frame Hive. Liver- pool. N. Y. $2.50 F. O. B., for Ten-Frame Hive. Liverpool, N.Y. DR. CHARLES G. SCHAMU, Liverpool, N. Y. THE BEEWARE BRAND MEANS SUCCESS send for Annaal CaUlog wMch win tell you who is yonr nearest Distributer. INSURANCE G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. 292 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW ORGANIZED CO-OPERATION ADVANCEMENT THE WESTERN HONEY BEE A new Magazine owned and run by the California State Bee-Keepers' Association. Extensive crop reports from the whole country. Hear what the Bee Men say that figure their honey by the car load. ADVERTISERS Write for prices. Money spent with us brings business. Issued the first day of each month. $1 a year. Business Office, 3497 Eagle St. GEO. L. EMERSON, Los Angeles, Cal. Manager Three Band Long Tongued Red Clover Italian QUEENS For Sale — The 3 band queens are of the A. I. Root Co.'s improved long-tongued bees which have proven them- selves to be the best of honey producers. I use the Doo- little and Miller plans for queen-cells. One untested queen 75c, 6 for $4.00, 12 for $7.50, 25 for $13.50, 50 for $25.00, 100 for $45.00. Double this price for tested queens. One frame Nuclei $1.50, 2 frame $2.50, 3 frame $3.50. To each Nucleus add the price of queen. No personal checks accepted. J. B. ALEXANDER, Cato, Arkansas. SUPPLIES I carry an up^ito-date line. New Eng- land Distributor of ROOT'S celebrated Bee-Keepers' Supplies. ITALIAN BEES and QUEENS in their season. My de- scriptive catalogs tells you all about these things, and is sent free upon request. EARL M. NICHOLS, Lyon-svillc, 3Ias.sachusett.s. ITALIAN QUEENS Beginners' uuL.its anu otlier supplies. Send for list. Address ALISO APIARY CO., Glendale, California. Make Your Own Hives Bee Keepers will save money by using our Foot """ SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street. Rockford, Illinois, GET TOP NOTCH PRICES FOR YOUR HONEY USING LEWIS SECTIONS send for Annual catalog which win tell iiin niiinniiin ntnrn y"" ^"^ " yo'"' nearest Distributer. AND SHIPPING CAScS G. B.Lewis Company, Watertown, wis. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 293 Honey! Honey! Honey! Members having mure Honey than they have sale for will kindly mail a liberal sample to this office, stating quantity you have, style of package, and the price you have been getting" for it during the last two years. This price you mention need not necessarily be the price it will sell for this season, but will gi\e me a key to go by in establishing a price for this year. If you haxe a car load of honey, or you and your neighbors can clul) together and make up a car between you, this would be the proper thing to do, as a considerable reduction in freight can be saved l)y shipping in car lots over local ship- ments. Honey Buyers! Honey Buyers! Those wanting to buy honey in car lots or less, kindly write your wants to this office, stating kind and quantity you can use. We can furnish Raspberry and Alfalfa in car lots, and likely Clover and Sage. Write your wants and we will see that tlicy are supplied if possible. Address National Bee -Keepers' Association Northstar, Michigan 294 THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW Fill Out this Crop Report Blank at Once, And send it to The National Bee-Keepers' Association Northstar, Michigan All subscribers to the Review, as well as all members to the "National," are asked til till out and send in this report. It will be the only way that we can give you defi- nite facts concerning the honey crop, and thus arm you with the information you must have to be able to intelligently set a ])rice upon your honey crop this year. Name State County Number of colonies did you begin the season of 1911 with? 1912 with? ; 1913 with? Number of pounds of comb honey did you produce in 1911 ? ni 1912? ; in 1913? Number of pounds of extracted honey did you produce in 1911? in 1912? ; in 1913? Approximately how many pounds of comb honey was produced in your im- mediate locality durmg 1911 ^ ; during 1912? ; diu-ing 1913 ? Approximately liow many pounds of extracted honey was produced in your in-,mediate locality during the season of 1911 ? ; during 1912? ; during 1913? {•"rom what source is your 1913 crop gathered ? What per cent do you ship to a distant market ? How is your honey put up for market ? If the friends will co-operate with us and send in the above information as soon as the season is over, we will then be in shape to decide on a price comparative to the last two seasons, and thus will not be in the dark about the proper price to ask for our hard-earned product. Kindly do not fail to compare this year's crop with that of the two previous seasons, for if you should your report would lose half its value. Address,: THE BEEKEEPERS' REVIEW, Northstar, Michigan. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 295 Friction Top Honey Pails and Cans Capacity, Dimensions and Price of National Can Co.'s F. T. Pails and Cans, f. o. b. Detroit, Mich. Per 100 Per 100 Per 1000 Approx. Diani. Height Lots of Lots of Lots of Capacity Inches Inches Per 50 100 500 1000 •? lb. Can 3;^/^ 4^ $2.-?.5 $2.15 $20.00 2;< lb. Can ;n3/l(5 4^ 3.;o 2. GO 2L00 ". 11). Can -J:;V1 '^R^r.Lf.r , ut"' V^^' „ _ TT • 1' . B. (. avanagh Hebron, Ind. C. P. Dadant, Ireas Hamilton, 111. Prof. Wilmon Newell. .College Station, Tex. Affiliated Associations and Their Secretaries. Arizona Honey Exchange Missouri— T. F. Diemer Liberty, Mo. G. M. Frizzell, Tempe, Anz. Xew Jersey— E. G. Carr New Egypt, N.J. Adirondack — H. E. Gray. .Fort Edwards, N.Y. N. California — Alwin P. Heim Colorado — Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. Box 16, Fair Oaks Calif Chicago-Northwestern— L. C. Dadant.. N. Michigan— Ira D. Bartlett '. . . ^^ •• Hamalton, 111. East Jordan, Mich. Hampshire— Hampden— Franklin —Dr.. Ohio— Prof. N. E. Shaw, Dept. of Agr. . . Burton N. Gates Amherst, Mass. Columbus Ohio Idaho— R. D. Bradshaw Notus, Ida. Oregon— H. Wilson .' . . . . . ...... Corvalis, Ore. IwiN Falls— C. H. Stinson. .Twin Falls, Ida. Pecos Valley— Henry C. Barron Idaho Honey Producers' Assn. — Frank Hagerman, New Mexico Beach Salem, Idaho Pennsylvania— H.' C. Klinger,' Liverpool, Pa. Illinois— Jas. A. Stone.. Rt 4, Springfield 111. Tennessee— T. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn. Iowa — a. V\ . bnyder Center Point, Iowa r,,^, „ ^it-h" r- n tt- r> t c . Indiana— Geo. W. Williams, Redkey, Ind. Iexas-W illis C. Collier, Box IS*.-.--- Kansas— O. A. Keen Topeka, Kans. ,, "t;";-";- W j°j, r at^^ Massachusetts Society OF Bee-Keepers.. \ ermont— P. E. Crane Middlebury, Vt. ..Leslie A. M. Stewart, Franklin, Mass. Washington— J. B. Ramage Michigan— O. H. Schmidt Rt. 2. N. Yakima, Wash. Rt. 5, Bay City, Mich. Wisconsin — Gus Dittmer Augusta, Wis. Minnesota — Dr. L. D. Leonard Worcester County — J. S. Whittemore.. . .515 Syndicate Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. Leicester, Mass. It will pay members well to save all their wax material and in Other winters allow the National to have it made into foundation for you. Full particulars for the asking. The summer meeting- of the Pennsylvania State Bee-Keep- ers' Association will be held in Geo. M. Steele's yard, West Chester, Pa., Sept. 6. The day will be spent largely in practical demonstra- tions interesting to all bee-keepers. Everybody invited. Get ready for a big day. Program later. — H. C. Klinger, Secretary. The Fourth Annual Bee-Keepers' Convention of the Massachusetts Agricultural College was held under the auspices of the Extension Service of that institu- tion on June 11 and 12, at Amherst. This convention came at the close of the short course in bee-keeping. There were about two hundred in attendance, man)^ coming from without the state. Through the efforts of Dr. B. N. Gates, speakers from outside the state were secured. In the exhibition room bee-keepers' supplies were displayed by THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 317 all the important manufacturers and dealers throughout the United States, including- also an excellent display from the Ham & Nott Company who are well known manufacturers of bee-keeping ma- terials in Brantford, Canada. The exhibits of honey packages by the National Metal Seal Corporation of Boston, Paul Hunten, of Somerset, Col., and the Federal Glass Company, of Columbus, O., were unique and attracted the attention of those interested, especi- ally in the commercial production of both comb and extracted honey. The advantage of rendering beeswax from infected comb was ap- preciated in the collection of both crude and refined wax produced with the wax rendering equipment at the college. In addition to the displays b}' manufacturers and local dealers, many of whom were in attendance personally, the evolution of the hive was shown by models, beginning with the old-fashioned straw skep down to the hive of modern times. The Apicultural ^Museum of the College, con- taining historical, natural history collections, and commercial equip- ment, including most of the devices and inventions on the American and foreign markets, was at the disposal of the bee-keepers. A general session was held on the morning of the first day. After a few introductory remarks by Prof. E. D. Waid, Assistant Director of the Extension Service, the Universal Foundation Fast- ener and the Rauchfuss combined section press and foundation fastener, were demonstrated by Mr. A. A. Byard. of W. Chesterfield. N. H., the inventor of the Universal Foundation Fastener, and Dr. Burton X. Gates respectively. The remainder of the morning was taken up by addresses. Dr. Charles G. Schamu, Syracuse, N. Y., gave an interesting explanation of the use of his recent invention, the Schamu Bottom Board. Mr. E. C. Britton, Canton, Mass., read a paper on the subject of "Practical Bee-keeping." The bee-keepers were very fortunate in having the opportunity of hearing Professor Alorley Pettit. of the Ontario Agricultural Col- lege, speak on the subject of extracted honey production. Professor Pettit said in part: "I am sure it gives me a great deal of pleasure to come down here to ^Massachusetts. AVe had the pleasure of having Dr. Gates at the short course at the Ontario Agricultural College last January, and I was much pleased to have the same privilege of coming down and meeting the ^Massachusetts bee-keepers, and to see what you are doing here at the Agricultural College. We at Guelph look upon this college in a way as a friendly rival of ours, both of us thinking that we have just about the best apicultural department of any on the continent. So it is of particular interest to come and see what you are doing. "It is a little difficult to know just how to start in on the sub- ject of extracted honey production, as Dr. Gates stated that Mr. 318 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Root was going" to speak on this subject this afternoon. However, I think, as our conditions in Ontario, — as I speak particularly of the Province of Ontario — are somewhat different from yours, that the ground which I shall cover will not interfere with what Mr. Root will take up. ''I might say that first of all, we are extracted honey producers. We have a few comb honey producers, but unfortunately the con- sumers are paying so much more for extracted honey that we pro- duce little comb honey. Our most extensive bee-keepers, keeping from one to five and six, and even seven and eight hundred colonies, are producing solely the extracted product. The extensive comb honey producers could be named on the fingers of one hand. ''The production of extracted honey depends on the whole sea- son; there is no point in the season where one can logically tell when to begin to produce extracted honey. I suppose the most log- ical time would be at the end of the honey flow, at which time we are going to consider the conditions of our colonies tlie past year. "At the latter part of the honey flow we have to take into ac- count the queen condition. We consider this of first importance in extracted honey production. The colony of course depends almost entirely on the queen. Some of our most successful producers of extracted honey are right in territories that have been swept over with European foul brood ; but the few men who have weathered the storm have built up an extracted honey business that they had not dreamed of after having been hit by European foul brood and almost swept off the map. The first requisite in controlling Euro- pean foul brood is good queens of good stock, and incidentally securing the means of overcoming European foul brood. However, I am not going to start a discussion of European foul brood, because we have that this afternoon ; but merely the importance of queens. "In our swarm control, manv of our most extensive producers svstematically go over their colonies every week or ten days, per- haps not spending much time on a brood chamber, but enough to see the condition in that chamber; and this weekly or periodically going over the brood chamber does mean the control of swarming. It controls the queen condition. Now there are a number of points which must be observed in watching the work of a queen. ''The first indication of a failing queen is the irregular appear- ance of the brood; the second is two or more eggs in a cell. Of course we know the appearance of the work of fertile workers. Sometimes a queen will place two or more eggs in a cell. I have in the earlv spring seen a vigorous queen do this very thing because she had more eggs than she knew what to do with, but when the summer comes I would not expect a good queen to place more than one egg in a cell in a normally working colony. Also, a poor queen THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 319 will leave worker comb and go down into the corners and find a drone cell in which to lay. If she does this when a colony is not crowded, it :s an ind'cation that she is a poor or failing; qneen. Old queens, which are slippery and shiny in appearance, should be re- placed. "In the spring we go over the colonies and mark on the back of the hive that the queen was clipped at a certain date. Where we have a fall flow, particularly from buckwheat or flowers of one kind, that queen has done her duty and should be replaced each year. Incidentally we watch the disposition of the bees. If the bees are cross or troublesome in any way, then the queen should be replaced. I want a queen I can control. As I was saying, we are watching the condition of the queen during the honey flow, and in a hive where the queen is not doing well, I take her out and kill her, re- placing her with a young queen. At the end of the season in the fall, there are still colonies not requeened. We watch out for this so that when the bees come to winter quarters they may have young, vigorous queens, plenty of young- workers, and plenty of good stores. They must have good protection for winter, with warm absorbent packing, good ^•entilation, and their stores well sealed. When they come out in the spring they are well looked after and in good shape for the honey flow. "In the southern part of Ontario we winter out of doors almost entirely. In the eastern part there seems to be a definite line where bees are wintered out of doors, or in the cellar. In Guelph we win- ter out of doors because we find it more convenient. We pack four hives in a box and make the box tip enough so that supers can be placed on the hives. We find a great many of our colonies, win- tered out, will need extracting supers in fruit bloom. In the spring we dig into the packing, usually of planer shavings, and look in occasionally, and as soon as we find there is room, either place an extracting super on the ten frame Langstrath hive, which consists of brood combs and no queen excluder, thus allowing the queen to pass freely into the combs; or if we wish to be very careful, we will lift out the combs and bees from below into an extra hive body, putting the empty combs in the bottom, and then place the hive body back on top. If there is considerable worker brood, perhaps some above and even some brood started in the chamber below, then your colony is in good condition for taking off the increase. You will find the old brood all capped, on which are built perhaps some hatching queen cells. If you wish increase, this is cut ofT, and can be divided into a number of nuclei. "When it comes to taking off the honey, I may say that I have been using the eight-frame Root power extractor for several seasons in some large apiaries in which I have an interest, and I 320 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW would not attempt to produce extracted honey without one. We simply would not want to go back to the old way. It has been rather interesting to watch the development of the use of the power extractor in the last four or five years. "In taking ofif the honey, there are of course two methods ; first the shaking and brushing method ; and second, the use of bee es- capes. I strongly recommend the use of Porter bee escapes. There are two or three serious complaints that we meet with in any place. One of the most serious is the soiling of clothes in the spring; an- other is that of bees around watering troughs. People are afraid of them. Still another cause for complaint is that bee-keepers are afraid their bees will be cross at extracting time. When we begin extracting, we put on Porter bee escapes, and we have found that the bees are fully as gentle at extracting time as any other time. The foremost objection to the Porter bee escape is that the honey is cold when taken off. With the power extractor this makes no dif- ference. But in relatively average summer weather we do not care about its being cold, however." Professor F. A. Waugh, of the Horticultural Department of the College, spoke on the pollination of fruits. This was much enjoyed and was of especial importance to the bee-keepers, inasmuch as Professor Waugh brought out the fact that spraying v/as advocated either before or after fruit bloom and not during the blossoming season. The second session was devoted to a consideration of bee diseases, and included a talk by Dr. B. N. Gates. State Inspector of Apiaries, on the subject "General Survey of the Brood Diseases of Bees." This was followed by Mr. Charles M. Musgrove, of Pittsfield, Mass., who spoke on the treatment of European foul brood by a bee escape. After an opportunity to ask questions, the bee-keepers adjourned to the apiary, where colonies and bees shipped by the pound, which had previously been received from dealers in bees throughout the country, were manipulated by Dr. B. N. Gates. Demonstrations of the treatments for brood diseases of bees were given by the Massa- chusetts inspectors, after which the wax rendering equipment at the bee house was on exhibition. The equipment included the Hatch- Gemmil Press, the Herschiser Press, Sibbald Wax Press. Sibbald Clarifier or Settling Tank, Acid Clarifying Tank and Solar Wax Ex- tractors. In the evening after brief addresses by Prof. E. M. Lewis, Acting President of the College, and Hon. Wilfrid Wheeler, Secre- tary of the State Board of Agriculture, the remainder of the session was devoted to an illustrated lecture by Prof. Morley Pettit on the topic of "Ontario Apiculture." The program for the second day began with a demonstration THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 321 by Mr. O. F. Fuller, of Blackstone, Alass., of his experiments with bee foods. Mr. Geo. T. Whitten, of the Hartford School of Horti- culture, Flartford, Conn., gave an address on "Experiment in the Management of Bees for Winter Increase," which was demonstrated. The Crane shipping cases were then displayed and explained by Mr. J. E. Crane, Middlebury, Vt. Following Mr. Crane, Mr. E. R. Root, of the A. I. Root Company, Medina, O., spoke on the ''Modern Methods of Extracting Honey," explaining and demonstrating the uncapping machines, the honey pump, small hand extractors, power extractor, capping melters and steam uncapping-knife, which are in- stalled in the bee-house through the courtesy of the manufacturers. In the afternoon another opportunity was given to hear Mr. Root speak on the topic of "Out Apiaries, Their Most Economical Management." "Maintenance of Out Apiaries in New England" was the title of Mr. A. W. Yates' address. Mr. Yates is an apiary inspector for the state of Connecticut. Mr. Shaughnessy, Deputy Inspector for ^Massachusetts, spoke on "Western Massachusetts a Bee Country." "Increasing the Clovers and Honey Plants" was the address given by Prof. W. P. Brooks, who is Director of the Experiment Station, A Honey Cooking Suggestion. It is pretty well known that when honey is included in a cooking recipe, it is used to confer upon the product the ability to keep "fresh" — not become stale, dry or hard. Having a good recipe for crullers, which I obtained years ago from a rel- ative in a New England state, we have usually had to throw away the last of a batch because by the second day they had become too stale to "find a mar- ket." My observation is that no cruller recipe avoids this defect. As an experiment, and without other- wise changing the recipe, I added a large cooking spoon full of honey when making tlie mix. The result was even better than I had expected ; there was no change in the flavor of the crullers, but they did not become stale and hard, and there was a call for "more" as soon as the lot was gone — something quite unusual. I believe honey might be added in reasonable amount to any cruller recipe without detriment, and thereby secure good keeping quality — which means none will be wasted. Upon further consideration, if honey is good for a cruller recipe, why not for other rec- ipes? Just start a little experimenting on your own account. We need not worry about the price of honey if the demand is brisk, and the more used the better the demand ! Bergen Co., N. J. C. D. C. Editor Review : We have the largest crop of honey here that I have ever seen at this time of year. Most all the hives have three supers on, and some have four or five supers. We look for a con- tinuance of the honey flow for quite a while yet. I expect we will have to ex- tract some soon to get combs for the bees to store honey in. C. J. B.\RBER. Smithland, Iowa, July 19. I wish to congratulate you upon the excellent work that you are doing on the Bee-Keepers' Review, as is evi- denced by the last issue. E. R. Root, Editor Gleanings in Bee Culture^ 322 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW PARCEL POST LIMIT GOES UP TO 20 POUNDS. Postage is Materially Reduced in First and Second Zones. S-tveeping: Changeis in IVcw Department Are Aunoiiuceil by Postmaster Gen- eral Burle;«on — Effeetive August Fifteenth. Washington, July 20. — Plans for the extension, improvement and reduction in rates of the parcel post were an- nounced today by Postmaster General Burleson. The changes, which are to become effective on August 15. include an increase from 11 pounds to 20 pounds in maximum weight of parcels ; a ma- terial reduction in the postage rates in the first and second zones. WITHIN 150 MILES. While, for the present, the maximum weight limit of 20 pounds and the re- duction in rates will apply only to the first and second zones, from any given postoffice — a distance of about 150 miles — the changes directed today constitute the first long step towards a universal extension of the system and a general reduction in the rates of postage on par- cel matter. THE ZONES AFFECTED. "The first zone shall include the ter- ritory within the local delivery of any office and the first zone rate of postage will apply to all parcel post mail depos- ited at any office for local delivery or for delivery by city carrier or on rural routes emanating from that postoffice. "The second zone shall include the re- mainder of what is now the first zone together with the present second zone, and shall include all the units of area located in whole or in part within a radius of approximately 150 miles from any given postoffice. "The rate of postage on parcels weighing in excess of four ounces in the proposed first zone will be reduced from five cents for the first pound and one cent for each additional pound or fraction thereof, to five cents for the first pound and one cent for each addi- tional two pounds or fraction thereof, and the rate for the second zone will be reduced from five cents for the first pound and three cents for each addi- tional pound or six cents for the first pound and four cents for each addi- tional pound or fraction thereof to five cents for the first pound and one cent for each additional pound or fraction thereof. NO CHANGE IN SIZE. "The maximum weight of parcel post packages will be increased from 11 pounds to 20 pounds, the increase of weight to apply only to the first and second zones. No change has been made in the size or form of the package." Statistics collected by the department show that quite one-third of the total number of parcels mailed are handled within the proposed first and second zones, and the postmaster general be- lieves the increase in the weight limit and the reduction of the rates of post- age in the first and second zones, as proposed, will benefit greatly more than one-third of the public; and that the producer, the consumer and the local merchant will profit materially by the changes. He points out, too, that the farmers, who were led to anticipate much benefit from the parcel post ser- vice, will be afiforded a cheap means of transporting their products directly to the consumer, and that the local mer- chant whose trade does not justify the employment of extensive delivery ser- vice also will be benefited, as the system will put him in close touch with his cus- tomers. MANY INSURE PACKAGES. The insurance fee, which originally was 10 cents, was found to be excessive and an order, effective July 1, reduced to five cents the fee on parcels insured to actual value up to $25 ; and a 10-cent fee is exacted only on parcels insured to actual value of more than $25 and not exceeding $50. Under this arrange- ment the business of insuring packages has more than doubled, particularly in the sending of valuable merchandise. During the present month an immense business has been built up in the hand- ling of parcels forwarded imder the C. O. D. regulation inaugurated July 1, 1913, which is said to be proving popu- lar not only among merchants but among the people generally. Postal experts estimate that, with the proposed changes in the parcel post sys- tem in operation, the revenues of the postoffice department will be so in- creased as to show a substantial surplus at the end of the current fiscal year. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 323 SACKING SWARMS By J. W. STINE, Deputy State Inspector, Alantic, Iowa. The prospects are tine here (June 21) for the best honey yield for years. I never saw the white clover so abundant and with as much nectar in it. We are having a tine rain today which will lengthen the white clover flow into July if not up to August. The linden trees are full of buds and will be in bloom in two weeks. The photo is a picture of my team and myself and two swarms of bees. I hived one of the swarms in a nail keg and the other in a sack which I hung on the side of the bugg>-. I had just come in from a five mile trip east of Salem, where I had been doing inspec- tion work. I thought possibly the read- ers of the Review might be interested in this way of catching and carrymg swarms from a distance. There is a great deal of foul brood in my territory — the southeastern part of the state. I finished my inspection work in and near Cantril this week and go to the locality of Pleasant Plain next week. I went out with some men one evening at Cantril in an automobile and helped them sack a fine swarm of bees. These people said they had never heard of sacking a swarm of bees, but it was a great saving of time, as one did not have to go back after a hive. of the white clover honey. Will they carry that up above a little later, or will it decrease the strength of my colonies? Some of them have got their supers nearly filled and some have the brood nest filled with honey and scarcely any brood. Please tell me how best to handle the matter. It is past my ex- perience what to do, and I thought best to ask of some one who knows. Thank- ing you very much. Respectfully yours, Alton O. Carley, July 1, 1913. Munith, Mich. Answer — While Mr. Charley does not say so, I take it by the tone of his let- ter that he is a producer of comb liMuey. The Italian or yellow races of bees are more inclined to crowd the brood nest with honey than the blacks of hybrid strains. In some cases it is an advantage to have the brood nest well supplied with stores, and in others it is not. It is presumed in your case, Mr. Carley, that no harm will result from this crowding of the brood nest with honey, especially on the date you mention, July 1. Let us see; you are in Jackson County, Michigan, where no fall flow of honey can be expected, and as your honey flow will naturally close before you can rear more bees to take advantage of this early flow, any eggs laid by the queen during July cannot help being consumers, as they will be too late for surplus gatherers and too early for rearing bees to win- ter over, so you have not lost anything along this line by your queens not lay- ing much during July. After the flow from clover is over, along in August, with this nice stock of honey as capital to work upon, your colonies will be in fine shape to breed up a nice normal swarm for winter, so you have no cause for worry along these lines. The cause of the clogging of the brood nest during the clover flow and ♦^he remedv are material for another letter. Editor Review : I wish to ask for some information. I am in some trouble with my bees about their storing the brood nest full Editor Review : Honey crop entire failure up to date — cold windy weather the cause. No hot weather except a very few days during first cutting al- falfa in June. Second crop just begin- ning to bloom, and unless we get hot weather during next twenty days, the nrospects are good for an entire failure in the Yakima \^alley. Virgil Sires. 324 THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW Washington, D. C, July 24, 1913. Editor Review : I presume you have seen the news- paper reports of what seems very like the first serious effort of the express companies to destroy the parcel post. It is time for the farmers to tight if they do not wish to lose all we have gained. Should the "administrative powers" clause of the parcel post law be stricken out, the vital force of parcel post will be killed; it cannot be expanded, and we will have lost the work of forty years. Letters and telegrams should go from every farmer who reads your publica- tion to the Senators of his own State, to his Congressman, and to the Post Master General, demanding that the law be let alone, and the service of par- cel post extended. Cannot you reach these workers? Moments count, and the quicker and harder the farmers strike now the less likely will it be that we shall have another such tight — if we save parcel post this time. Trusting that you can act at once, I am, very sincerely 3'ours, David T. Lewis, Sixth District, Md. (If each reader will carry out the suggestions of Hon. David J. Lewis, of Maryland, and write both their repre- sensatives urging them to support the present administrative policy of the postal department, and courteously sug- gest the probability of an empty chair at Washington another term for those who oppose the present extensive pol- icy of the department and cast their vote with those who favor the Express Companies, it will likely have the de- sired effect. — Editor.) Editor Review : A fair crop of good quality honey this year; a little over a ton from 38 colonies. I am not a large one yet, but if I live and nothing hap- pens, I am going to be some day. Started five years ago with one stand ; now have 50 — a yard I would not take $500 for and am $400 ahead i.n money. How is that for a start? Success to vou all. \\l. C. F. July 19. not received notice to that effect. I do not wish the paper discontinued if time is up. Let me know and I will remit at once. I will have about 3,000 lbs. comb honey in 4>-4x4i4xlJ'8 sec- tions to dispose of. Is the National doing anything to assist members in making sales ? Yours very truly, A. S. Crotzer. When sending in your renewal for the Review, kindly ask your neighbor bee-keeper to subscribe with you. Editor Review : Will you please send me the July number of The Bee-Keep- ers' Review? I either failed to get it or it has been misplaced. Do not know when my subscription expires ; have Laban Gardner Dunham, one of the oldest and best known residents of the town, died early this morning at his home, 9 Park Ave., in his 82nd year. Mr. Dunham was born in Attleboro, December 4, 1831. ,the son of Garner and Lydia Lincoln (Thayer) Dunham. He attended school in Rehoboth and also Bailey's academy in Attleboro, and was a graduate of the Bridgewater state normal school. After graduating from the normal school, he taught school in Quincy and Braintree. He was employed for many years by the Davenport & Mason Express Company as New York messenger, and after- wards was with the Pierce & Carpen- ter Company of this town as account- ant until he had to retire because of ill health. Since his retirement from business he busied himself with his garden and bees, on which he was considered an authority, being often called upon for papers at the conventions of numerous bee-keepers' societies, of which he was a member. His wife, Lydia (Jewett) Dunham, died December 5, 1908. He is survived liy two brothers, George O. and Wil- liam E. Dunham, both of this town, and two sons. H. Garner Dunham of .Somerville and Albert M. Dunham of this town. Burial will be from his late residence. 9 Park Ave.. Sunday after- noon at 3 :30. He had been a member of St. Albans Lodge, A. F. & A. M.. of Foxboro for over 53 years, being raised in 1860. He was also a member of Murray L^niversalLst church of this town, and Rev. Fred Atkins Moore will officiate at the funeral services. THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 325 Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty -five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your advertisement in this department. HONEV AND WAX. For Sale — Comb and extracted honey. Jo- seph M. Elsbree, Waverly, N. Y. Wanted — Glassed comb and extracted honey; also beeswax. John O. Buseman, 4141 N, 7th St., Philadelphia, Pa. Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 So. Water St., Chicago. Wanted — 1,000 lb., or more, of pure Bees- wax, for use in our laboratory. Address Vanderhoff & Co., South Bend, Ind. Honey W'anted — Send your samples, prices, quantities and how put up and packed, to Chas. Israel & Bros., 486 Canal St., New York. Established in 1S75. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. Hildreth & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. For Sale — SO gallons of clover-basswood blend of extracted honey at 10c per pound, or 9c per pound if the entire lot is ordered at once. A. J. Diebqld, Seneca, 111. We Will Pay the highest cash price for thoroughly ripened extracted honey. Write us, stating quality and quantity, with prices F. O. B. your station. Spencer Apiaries, Nordhoff, Cal. White Clover and Sweet Clover Honey Blended. Good body, and flavor delicious. 60-lb. cans @ $6.50 each; 10-lb. F. T. paiis, 6 in case, @ $7.00 per case; 5-lb. F. T. pails, 12 in case, @ $7.50 per case; J/2-lb. glass jars, 24 in case @ $2.80 per case. Sa:iiple 4c. Satisfaction guaranteed or honey and money returned at my expense. Address Henry Stewart, Prophetstown, 111. As THE July Number of the Review goes to press we are in the midst of our surplus honey flow. While we do not look for a large crop, the indications are that it will be of good quality. We have combs to hold the en- tire crop of both clover and raspberry honey, and none will be extracted until the very last of this (July) month, which will be two or three weeks after the close of the honey flow. With this management, this crop ought to be of a very superior quality. After allowing it to ripen on the hive as mentioned above, we will select some of the very choicest, some that has been upon the hives longest, all sealed, rich, ripe and waxy, and extract it by itself for our "elite" trade. If you want some of this very best select stock Ceither of clover or raspberry flavors) we. will furnish it as long as it lasts at 10c per pound, in new 60-lb. (net) tin cans, two in a case. Kindly men- tion "elite" and enclose 10c per pound when ordering this select stock. Sample free. For large quantities of regular stock (which is su- perior to the majority) say how much you can use and we will be pleased to quote you our best price. ."Xddress E. D. Townsend & Sons, Northstar, Mich. (Formerly at Remus.) FOUIiTS-ST. Sicilian Buttercups. — The most persistent layers and non-sitting strain eggs, $1.50 and $3.00 per 15. Walter M. Adema, Berlin, Mich. BEES AND QUEENS. For Sale — 50 to 300 colonies, 8-frame, good condition E. F. Atwater, Meridian, Idaho. Bees by the pound, without comb, $1.25; 1/2 lb., 75c; queen, Italian, $1.00. Rosedale Apiaries, Big Bend, La. Choice Oueens from June 1st to Septem- ber 1st, $1 each; 6 for $5. D. J. Blocker, Pearl City, 111. Pedigreed Goldens — 75c each; ten for $6.50. Border City Apiaries, 1224 Garrison, Ft. Smith, Ark. Pedigreed Goldens, mated, 75c each; tested, 11.25. Border City Apiaries, 1224 Garrison, •'t. Smith, Ark. For Sale. — Untested Italian queens of Doo- little stock, 60c apiece; $5 a dozen. No disease. E. O. Meserve, Ventura, Calif. For Sale — 300 colonies of bees and equip- ment. Excellent location. Paying proposition. F. W. Pease, Lansing, Iowa. A limited number of Leather Coloied Italian queens. The kind that gets the honey. Send for prices. . Geo. B. Howe, Black River^ N. Y. Hardy Northern reared Queens of Moore's- strain of Italians. Untested, $1.00 each; $5.00 for 6; $9.00 for 12. P. B. Ramer, Harmony, Minn. For Sale — 12 swarms of black bees in modern 8 and 10 frame hives, at only $3.00 per swarm if taken soon. Address W. L, Lovejoy, Clarkston, Mich. For Sale — Mismated queens 30c each, or 4 for a dollar. This year's rearing. A limited number of tested queens at $1.00 each. Prompt service or money refunded. W. L. Lovejoy, Clarkston, Mich. Three-Banded Italian Queens and Bees. L^ntested queen, 75c each; si.x, $4.25; twelve, $8.00. Tested, $1.25 each; six, $7.00; twelve, $12.00. For select queens add 25c each to the above prices. Nuclei without aueens, 1-frame, $1.50; 2-frame, $->.50; 3-frame, $3.00. 1 lb. Bees, $1.50, i^ lb. $1.00. Add price of queen wanted with bees. Robert B, Spicer, Whar- ton, N. J. Thanking my many friends for their liberal patronage, I will extend the present prices of my famous Moore strain of 3-banded Italian Queens to Oct. 1st, and then, on account of other business, I shall be obliged to stop for this season. Do not send me any orders for queens after that date. Prices: Untested, 75c, 10 for $0.50; tested, 90c, 10 for $7.50. H. D. MuRRY, Mathis, Texas. 326 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW It is Your Right when buying Queens to demand a pedigree. We send a pedigree with each order for Queens. Boreer City Apia- ries, 1224 Garrison, Ft. Smith, Ark. For Sale — Untested Italian Queens of Doo- little, J. P. Moore's stock, COc each, $5.00 per dozen. No disease. Safe arrival guaranteed. E. O. Meserge, Ventura, Calif. For Sale — 50 colonies Italian Hybrid bees, 10-frame, free from disease, at $4.00; 1,500 extra combs, shallow and deep, 10 cents and 20 cents. Supers. Rev. F. Schedtler, Sum- ner, la., R. 7. Queens by return mail. Tested, $1.00 each; untested, 75c; $7.00 per doz. Three-band Italians only. No disease, and satisfaction guaranteed. J. N. K. Shaw & Co., Lorean- ville, La. (Iberia, Pa.) Golden and Three Banded Italian, also gray Carniolan queens. Tested, $1.00 each.- 3 or more, 90c each. Untested, 75c each: 3 to 6, 70c each; 6 or more, 65c each. Beef per pound $1.25; nuclei per frame $1.50. } discount on orders booked 30 days befor, shipment. Bankston & Lyon, Box G4, Buf falo, Leon County, Texas. Three-Banded Italian Queens and Bees. — Untested queens, 75c each; six, S4.25; twelve, $8.00. Tested, $1.25 each; six, $7.00; twelve, $12.00. For select queens, 1-frame, $1.50; 2- franie, $2.50; 3-frame, $3.00. For nuclei in quantity lots, and bees by the pound, write tor prices and circular. Robert B. Spicer, Whar- ton, N. J. Carniolan Queens — These queens are bred from the best imported strains. If any queens should be impurely mated we will replace them free of cost. Price, Untested, one, $1.00; six, $5.00; twelve, $9.00. Tested, one, $1.50; six, $8.00; twelve, $15.00. Address Wm. Kernan, Rt. 2, Dushore, Pa. Italian Queens, bred in Southern Michi- gan; just far enough north to have superior winterers for all northern states and Canada. Bees by pound and half pound. My free de- scriptive list tells it all. Untested, 75c; select tested, $1.50. My goldens are bred up frnm imported 3-hand stock to start with. (Gentle") select golden untested, $1.00. See list. Plans "How to Introduce Queens," 15c; "How to Increase," 15c; both, 25c. E. E. Mott, Glenwood, Mich. Murray's famous North Carolina bred Ital- ian queens (red clovers and goldens), for sale again. As good as the best; no foul brood known. They are as good honey gather- ers as can be obtained, and winter as well. My improved strain is carefully selected, and ired up fror.i Moore's, Root's, and Davis' im- ported stock. Select untested, doz., $9.00; one, $1.00. L'ntested, one, 75 cts. ; doz., $8.00; tested, $1.25. Select tested, $1.50; ex- tra select tested, $2.00. Breeders, $3.00 and $5.00. H. B. Murray, Oueen-breeder, Liberty, N. C. Quirin's Famous Improved Italian Queens, nuclei, colonies and bees by the pound, ready in May. Our stock is northern-bred and hardy; five yards wintered on summer stands in 1908 and 1909 without a single loss. For prices send for circular. Quirin-the-Queen- Breeder, Bellevue, Ohio. For Sale — Carniolan Queens. These queens are bred from best imported strains. If any queens prove impurely mated we will replace them free of cost. Prices for balance of sea- son: untested, one, 75c; six, $4.25; twelve, $8.00. Tested, one, $1.00; six, $5.50; twelve, $10.00. Address all orders to Wm. Kernan, Rt. 2, Dushore, Pa. For Sale — Guaranteed purely mated three- banded Italian queens. Four points of super- iority are: gentle, prolific, extra good honey makers, and last but not least, good w-interers. J. E. Hand strain. State inspector's certifi- cate. Queens by return mail or your money back. Untested, one, SOc; six, $4;' 12, $8; 25, *l."i. Address J. M. Gingrich, Rt. 3, Arthur, 111. MISCEIiIiANEOUS. Want to Send You our catalog and price list of beehives and fixtures. They are nice and cheap. White Mfg. Co., Greenville, Tex. For Sale — Bee-Keepers' supplies, honey and bees. Write for price circular. A. E. Bur- dick, Sunnyside, Wash. Seed Wheat — Best I ever raised. Free from smut, rye and cockle. Red Wave beardless, $1.50 per bushel. John Roebling, Route 4, Cincinnati, Ohio. Recleaned Silverhull Seed Buckwheat — One bu. $1.15, 2 bu. $2.15, 5 or more bu. $1.00 per bu., bags included. Order now. Wm. VoLLMER, Akron, N. Y. Wanted — At once, several good men to work in our apiaries. Give wages wanted, age and experience in first letter. The Rocky Moun- tain Bee Co., Forsyth, Montana. Suburban Home near National Capital for sale; 4 acres, modern G-room house, $3,100. A. Wheeler, West Falls Church, Virginia. For Sale — One new Defiance Check Pro- tector, $15. Sell for $10 cash. Twenty Little Wonder Bingham Smokers at the exceedin,^ly low price of 45c each, or three for $1.20. The smokers can go by parcel post by in- rluding postage, for tv.o pounds each. Mrs. W. Z. Hutchinson, 1122 Detroit St., Flint, Mich. For Sale. — Two dozen mailing cases, iiot- tlcs and corks, for mailing samples of lioney, sold to members for an even dollar. They weigh three pounds and are packed to go by parcel post. Your postmaster can tell you I C\A/IO UIUCO ARE BUILT LIKE FURNITURE Ltnlo nEiLo are perfect in all respects Send (or Annual Catalog which will tell you who b yonr nearest Dittribnter G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 327 how much to include for postage from Lowell, Mass. Larger quantities at correspondingly less price to go by freight or express. Say how many you can use. Address The Bee- Keepers' Review, Northstar, ^lichigan. WANTED NEW CROP HONEY New York and Pennsylvania COIVIB Especially Write us ; state style of sec- tion, quantity, quality, when ready for shipment, etc. Will buy or handle on commission. HILDRETH & SEGELKEN 265 - 267 Greenwich St. New York City, N. Y. NATIONAL WRITING PAPER AND ENVELOPES FOR MEMBERS. Containing Member's Name and Ad- dress, Also Return Card on Upper Left Corner of Envelope. These letter heads, as formerly fur- nished, contain the names of the offi- cers and directors of the National and their postoffice address, etc. Use printed letter heads and do busi- ness like business men when selling your crop of honey next fall. The National, by buying in large quantities, are able to quote 200 sheets of paper, 8^x11, at $1.00; 200 envel- opes, 35^x6^, at $1.00. Kindly enclose extra for postage on three pounds to go by parcel post from Owosso, Mich- igan. Address all orders to The Bee-Keepers' Review NORTH STAR, MICHIGAN. BOOKS ON PRACTICAL Bv Post- BEE CULTURE. mail. age. ABC and X Y Z of Bee Culture, cloth $2.00 $0.30 A B C and X Y Z of Bee Culture, half leather 2.75 .30 A B C and X Y Z of Bee Culture, German ed 2.50 .20 A B C de L'Apiculture, French ed. 2.00 .20 Advanced Bee Culture, W. Z. Hutchinson 1.00 .10 Biggie Bee Book 50 British Bee-keepers' Guide-book, Cowan 1.00 .05 Cook's Manual of the Apiary 1.1."> .15 Uoolittle's Queen-rearing 75 .05 Fifty Years Among the Bees, C. C. Miller 1.00 .10 First Lessons in Bee-keeping 50 Honey-bee, The— Cowan 1.00 .05 How to Keep Bees — ^Irs. Comstock 1.00 .10 Humble Bee, The— F. W. L. Sladen 3.25 Irish Bee Guide, Rev. J. G. Digges 1.00 .05 Langstroth, rev. by Dadant, cloth.. 1.25 .15 Modern Bee-farm, S. Simmins 2.00 .15 Practical Bee Guide 1.00 Quinby's New Bee-keeping 1.00 .10 Wax Craft , 1-00 Increase Forcing the Queen to Lay; each 25 .03 French edition, separate 50 .02 POPULAR BOOKS ON BEE CULTURE. Bee People, The, Margaret W. Morley $1.50 $0.10 Children's Story of the Bee 2.00 Honey-makers, The, Margaret W. Morley 1.50 .10 Life of the Bee, Maeterlinck 1.40 .10 Bee Master of Warrilow, The — Edwards 57 .07 Lore of the Honey Bee 2.00 Queenie 75 Bee Models. .. .each 50c; 2 for 75c Ten-cent Library Booklets 10 Gleanings Library ..50c each, 3 for $1, 5 for $1.50 RURAL BOOKS. A B C of Carp Culture $0.30 $0.05 A B C of Potato Culture, paper 57 .07 A B C of Potato Culture, cloth 85 .07 A B C of Strawberry Culture, paper .50 .05 A B C of Strawberry Culture, cloth .75 .05 Tomato Culture 40 .05 Tile Drainage, W. I. Chamberlain.. .40 .05 Maple Sugar and the Sugar-bush, paper 30 .05 Winter Care of Horses and Cattle, paper 30 .05 How to Keep Well 1.00 Our Farming 75 The Dollar Hen 1.00 What to Do, paper 50 What to Do. cloth 75 Celerv for Profit 27 .\ B 'C of Carp Culture 25 Address All Orders THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW, Northstar, Michigan. \\'hen sending in j'our renewal for the REVIEW, kindly ask your neighbor bee-keeper to subscribe with you. 30 DISTRIBUTING HOUSES FOR LEWIS BEEWARE Send for Annual Catalog which will tell I yoa who is your nearest Distributer. I G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. 1 328 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW W.H.Laws Will be ready to take care of your Queen orders, whether large or small, the coming season. Twenty-five years of careful breeding brings Laws' Queens above the usual standard; better let us book your orders now. Tested Queens in March; untested, after April 1st. About 50 first-class breeding queens ready at any date. Prices: Tested, $1.25; 5 for $5.00; Breed- ers, each $5.00. Address W. H. Laws, Beeville, Texas BEE-KEEPERS! If you have Dwindling Colonies, send a postal for price list on young Italian Bees by the lb., with or without queens. No disease. IT WILL PAY YOU TO INQUIRE AT ONCE. Satisfaction Guaranteed. Reference by special permission. First National Bank of Pomona, Cal. Address 475 West Center St. J. M. STRIPSKEY, Pomona, Cal. Bees, Queens, Orange Honey SUPPLIES I carry an up-to-date line. New Eng- land Distributor of ROOT'S celebrated Bee-Keepers' Supplies. ITALIAN BEES and QUEENS in their season. My de- scriptive catalogs tells you all about these things, and is sent free upon request. EARL M. NICHOLS, Lyonsvillc, Massachusetts. ITALIAN QUEENS Beginners' outfits and other supplies. Send for list. Address ALISO APIARY CO., Glendale, California. Famous Qaeens direct from Italy Bees more beautiful, more gentle, more industrious, long tongued. The best honey-gatherers. Universal Expo-sition St. Louis U. S. A. 1904. The highest ayfards! Extra Breeding Queens $3; select $2, fertilized $1.50. Write ANTHONY BIAGGI, Pedevilla, near Bellinzona, Italian Switzerland. Meniber of the National Beekeepers' Association. Please in writing mention Review. Line Bred Carniolan Queens Selected and bred according to the most powerful method known to intensify and per- petuate the good qualities of the breeding queen. Untested $1.00 each; $9.00 doz. Tested $1.50 each Breeder.s $5.00 A limited quantity of nuclei, full colonies and bees by the pound at the end of June. Ask for prices. ALBERT G. HANN, Carniolan Q,ueeu Breeder, Pittstown. IV. J. Am NoTV Shiiipiug Untested Queeus from My Celebrated Pedigreed Strain My bees are the pro- duct of many years of breeding bv both SWARTHMORE and HENRY ALLEY. Beth names stand' out like beacon lights among our past and present breeders, for the best queens ever produced in the United States. Never had foul brood. ^Swarthmore.0 "$v*e/VNA:.u.s>_^ rj^ Swarthmore Aiiiaries, STrarthmore, Pa. A Boyum Foundation Fastener is just what you want. Price postpaid only $1.75 And a Boyum Section Press Price postpaid only $1.00. Both postpaid for $2.50 Manufactured by THE BOYUM APICULTURAL CO., Rushford, Minn. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 329 Queens of Moore's Strain of Italians PRODUCE AVOKKERS "With honey nice and quick. That fill the supers quick They have won a world-wide reputation for honey-gathering', hardiness, gentleness, etc. Un- tested queens, $1; six, $5; 12, $9. Select untested, $1.25: six, $6; 12. $11. I now have 750 nuclei and am filling orders by return mail. Safe arrival and satisfaction guar- anteed. Circular free. J. P. MOORE, Queeu -breeder. Route 1 , Morgan, Ky. The Canadian Horticulturist and Bcc-Kccpcr The Only Bee Publication in Canada It is the official organ of the On- tario Bee-Keeper's' Association, and has incorporated with it the foimer Canadian Bee Journal. Bee-Keeping and Horticulture in its various blanches are effectively combined to form a live, attractive, and practical monthly magazine. Well illustrated and up-to-date. Subscription price, postpaid — Canada — $1.00 a year. United States, $1.25 a year. Foreign, $1.50 a year. Sample Copy sent free on request. The Horticultural Publish- ing Co., Limited Peterboro, Ont., Can. Choice Italian Queens FROM Hardy Industrious Stock Quiet to handle. Good comb-build- ers and white cappers. Great to with- stand the cold winters of Maine. Two yards wintered in 1912-1913 without loosing a colony. Nothing but selected stock used for breeding. Try them and be convinced. Guaranteed free from disease. Untested, each $ .7.5 Select untested, each 1.00 Tested, each 1.2.5 Select Tested, each 1.50 Extra Tested, each 2,00 Good Breeders, each $5.00 up A. J. Seavey Route Xo. Farming-ton, Maine Southern Bee-Keepers I have a Large and Complete Stock of BEE-SUPPLIES at Cordei.e, Ga., and have erected a large Warehouse and filled it with New Bee-Supplies at O'Brien, Fla., near Live Oak, the best shipping-point for all sections of Flor- ida, Southeast Georgia and Southern Alabama. Send all orders to Cordele, Ga., and state from which point you wish your supplies shipped. J J. WILDER 330 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW CELLAR WINTERING A long article on this subject is to appear in the American Bee fournal, begininng with the August, 1913, number, and continuing through September. It is written by Dr. C. C. Miller himself a Cellar Winterer Dr. Miller gives the results of his experiences and experi- ments, with comments on the same, in a manner interesting and instructive to all. The October number of the same journal will contain criticisms of the article by Dr. E. F. Phillips of the Government Department, with Dr. Miller's replies. The Editor of the American Bee Journal, Mr. C. P. Dadant, is in Europe for a few months investigating the different races of bees., etc., there. Read what he has to say in the coming numbers. Subscribe to the American Bee Journal now. Only $1.00 a year (Postage 10c extra to Canada, 25c to Foreign Countries per year) . American Bee Journal, Hamilton, Illinois gJ'D&rTrTrTra^rc^^ ^^^E ^TAKE Foundation — and we also carry a full ni<| ^TV' lin^ '-'f the best Bee-Hives, Sections, Shipping- aQ yy^ Cases, Smokers, Veils, Tin-Cans, etc. Four to pj^ six carloads always on hand, ready for Ijn^ PROMPT 1 Su^ SHIPMENT 1 No order too large ^ No order too small pj^ DADANT & SONS | 1?^ HAMILTON, lUL. ^ Kil^^fPMS^MvIrlrKt^^ THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 331 Queens That "Arc Better" Italians and Banats Untested Queens, 7oc each; $8.00 per dozen; two or more dozen in one order,, $7.50 per dozen. Tested Queens, $1.25 each; $12.00 per dozen. Breeder~Queens, $3.00 each. Foreign trade add 5c each extra. 1-2 lb. Paclcages of Bees after May 1st, $2.00. Select queen wanted and add to tnis. The express charges on these will be very small in comparison with charges on frame nuclei. One-frame Nuclei with Untested Queen, $2.00 each; 2-frame, $3.00; 3-frame, $4.00. Full Colony of Bees in 10-frame hive, $7.00. Add 50c each if Tested Queen is wanted; $2.00 if Breeder Queen is wanted. For 10 or more Colonies or Nuclei, deduct 25c each. Write if interested in carload lots. I have successfully shipped Bees and Queens from this place every month of the year. "Two colonies of bees invoiced by you on Jan. 29 to Matsutaro Sarado, Kobe, ar- rived safely on March 23, and are satisfactory. March 31, 1912. Masami Yoshimura, Ogaki, Japan." Each Colony contained a fine Breeding Queen. My Bee and Queen Exhibits at the State Fair of Texas were awarded six premiums in 1911. Italians "vere also awarded First Prize at The Cotton Palace, in Waco, Texas. "Your Money's Worth" is my motto. Terms are Cash with order. I refer you to Sabinal National Bank or any business firm in Sabinal. I have nine yards, and with several hundred nuclei, I can serve many customers. I solicit your trade. J. A. Simmons, uvaide Co. Apiaries, Sabinal, Texas The Roller Entrance is Doing the Act ! No Qaeens to Clip. No Swarms to Hive. Mating Qnestion of the Queen is Solved. Feeding is a Cinch. Satisfaction and 150 lbs. to 200 lbs. per Colony, if the ROLLER ENTRANCE Bottom Board is Used. PRICE: $2.00F.O.B., for Eight Frame Hive. Liver- pool. N. Y. $2.50 F. O. B,, for Ten-Frame Hive. Liverpool, N.Y, DR. CHARLES G. SCHAMU, Liverpool, N. Y. THE BEEWARE BRAND MEANS SUCCESS INSURANCE Send for Annual Catalog which will tell you who is your neareit Dijtribnter. G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wit. 332 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW OROANIZED CO-OPERATION ADVANCEMENT THE WESTERN HONEY BEE A new Magazine owned and run by the California State Bee-Keepers' Association. Extensive crop reports from the whole country. Hear what the Bee Men say that figure their honey by the car load. ADVERTISERS Write for prices. Money spent with us brings business. Issued the first day of each month. $1 a year. Business Office, 3497 Eagle St. GEO. L. EMERSON, Los Angeles, Cal. Manager ATTENTION! Very important to all bee-keepers all over the world and who desire to improve their native or mixed strains of bees! The direct exportation from Carniola of the Gray-Banded Alpine Bee to all parts of the world, which until now was conducted by the Imperial Royal Agricul- tural Association of Carniola, in the future will managre on his own account. JOHANIT STRGAR, Wittnach, P. O. Wocheiner Peistritz, tTpper-Carniola (Krain), Austria. Owner of 5 8 honors awarded to him at diverse Agricultural Exhibitions for his achievements as a breeder of the best strain of Carniolans and producer of agricul- tural products. All Queens taken from full colonies, and not over one year old. Mailed post- age free. Dead select tested queens will be replaced if returned in 24 hours after arrival, except if they arrive in such a state in South-America and Australia. Bead select untested queens not replaced, except if sent to European countries. Safe arrival of nuclei and hives not guaranteed, (except if shipped to European countries.) Orders of this kind must accompany freight expenses. The safest transport of stoclv is in Carniolan box-hives; after arrival, or later, the combs can be cut out to fit any frame. Prices of select tested Queens: March, April, May, $5.00; June. July. Aug. Sept., October, $3.50. Select untested queens: June, July, August $2.00. Carniolan box-hives with 4-5 pounds of bees, select tested queen, brood, honey, $7.00; loco R. R. Station, Wocheiner Feistritz. White English for complete price list and new Booklet (.which will be mailed free of postage) under above address. Make Your Own Hives Bee Keepers will save money by using our Foot Power SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford, Illinois. pct top notch prices UlI for your honey BY USING LEWIS SECTIONS AND SHIPPING CASES Send for Annual Catalog which will tell you who is your nearest Distributer. G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 333 Honey! Honey! Honey! Members having more Honey than they have sale for will kindly mail a liberal sample to this office, stating- quantity you have, style of package, and the price you have been getting for it during the last two years. This price you mention need not necessarily be the price it will sell for this season, but will give me a key to go by in establishing a price for this year. If you have a car load of honey, or you and your neighbors can club together and make up a car between you, this would be the proper thing to do, as a considerable reduction in freight can be saved by shipping in car lots over local ship- ments. Honey Buyers! Honey Buyers! Those wanting to buy honey in car lots or less, 'kindly write your wants to this office, stating kind and quantity you can use. We can furnish Raspberry and Alfalfa in car lots, and likely Clover and Sage. Write your wants and we will see that they are supplied if possible. Address National Bee -Keepers' Association Northstar, Michigan 334 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Do \^ou produce Beeswax? Do you use Comb Foundation? If you do botli, why not ship your wax to a comb foundation manufacturer, and get it worked into foundation? This is much the better way than sell your wax and buy your foundation. The NATIONAL has made arrangements with most of the comb foundation manu- facturers, to do work for the members. The scheme is this: the member will ship his wax to the foundation manufacturer he prefers, prepaying the freight, then send the bill to the Review office, with instruc- tions as to what heft and kind of founda- tion is wanted; knowing this, we can tell you just what it will cost you to get it made. In this way we expect to make a little proht toward making the Review bet- ter, and incidentally, save the member some money. Interested members write for the scheme, saying how much wax you have. The Beekeepers* Review N'ortbstar, ]>Iich. Extract your honey with a National Gasoline Engine Either Air or Hopper Cooled One of the Best Known Engines on the Market at a Popular Price A 1 % Horse-Power Engine $32.50 CO-OPERATIVE For descriptive circular and particulars address National Bee - Keepers' Ass'n Northstar, Michigan The Queen Jar Is one of the finest jars made, and we can furnish it in four different sizes, either Avith Tin or Glass screw cap. Prices pre as follows: Price Per Gross TIN CAPS GLASS CAPS 2 doz. 2 doz Crates Boxes Crates Boxes 2/, lb. Jar $3.20 $3.70 $3. GO $1.10 12-13 oz. Jar 3.30 3.80 3.70 4.20 Pound Jar 3.35 3.80 3.75 4.25 17-oz. Jar ...... 3.55 4.05 3.95 4.45 For Sale by National Bee-Keepers' Association NORTHSTAR, MICHIGAN. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 335 Glass Honey Jars jVo. 25 National Pouiitl Jar. No. 30 Tall .'-3 Ih. Jar. No. 3.5 Tnnibler Shaped Jellips. No. 25, National one pound jar with screw cap, holds one pound of honey, is octagon shaped, and a good jar at a low price. In crates holding one gross $3.10 In paper re-shipping cases, holding two dozen jars, per gross $3.60 No. 30 Tall, holds two-thirds pound of honev, screw cap, per gross in crates ." $2.50 In two dozen wood re-shipping boxes, per gross $3 05 No. 35, Tumbler .Shaped Jellies, holding 8 ounces, 11 ounces and 17 ounces of honey. Packed in paper boxes, holding 3 dozen tumblers. The price is per gross, and we cannot furnish less than a gross at any price. 8-oz. 11-oz. 17-oz. $2.05 per gross. $2,25 per gross. $2.80 per gross. Address All Orders to NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION NORTHSTAR, MICHIGAN. 336 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Friction Top Honey Pails and Cans The Friction Top honey pail is the same as all are familiar with at the grocer}^ store, containing corn syrup and other syrups, and is one of the most simple sells on the market, for all one has to do is to fill the pail with honey, crowd do\vn the cover and the fit is so snug that there is no leakage. Per 100 Lots of 50 Approx. Capacity 2 lb. Can 2y2 lb. Can 3 lb. Can 5 lb. Pail $.1.00 10 lb. Pail r.OO V2 lb. Pail r.25 Per 100 Lots of 100 $2.25 2.75 3.00 4.75 6.50 n.75 Per 100 Lots of 500 $2.15 2.60 2.85 4.50 6.25 6.50 Per 1000 Lots of 1000 $20.00 24.00 28.00 42.50 60.00 62.50 Above Cans and Pails in wooden re-shipping cases, same as gollan square cans, will cost as follows : 24 cans in a case, 2 lb. Cans $0.60 per case 24 cans in a case, 2}^ lb. Cans 71 per case 12 pails in a case, 5 lb. Pails 65 per case 0 pails in a case, 10 llj. Pails 49 per case The above containers are known as "Buckets" in some local- ities. Address all orders to The National Bee - Keepers' Association Northstar, Michigan Tin Honey Containers of Quality, for National Members Of standard size and guaranteed to be the best to be had at any price. Specifications of the 60-lb. Can. Five-gallon Square, Round-Cor- ~-\ .^_jn^^~^^^^ nered Cans, 9Yq" square by ar"--=^-----v^.-I>^g^"^^^^^|[ 13^" high, with wire handle, paneled sides and 1 %" Cork- lined Screw Cap. Above cans crated 50 cans in a crate, 20c each. Above cans cased singly with case having ^'' ends and ^'' sides, tops and bottoms, 33c each. Above Cans cased in pairs with case having %" end and Yq" sides, tops and bottoms 60c each Above Cans cased m pairs as above, in lots of 250 or more cases $57 per 1 00 cases Above Cans in car lots of 900 to 1,000 cases $56 per case The above 5-gallon cans with 8" screw cap, add 1 Ic per case of two cans. Add 5c for cans cased singly, if wanted with 8" screw cap. One gallon square round-cornered flat top s^rup cans, with screw caps. The finest can in the world to sell honey direct to the consumer in, and we have had the manufacturers make us some wooden re-shipping cases, the same as those on the regular 60-lb. honey cans, so they will go by freight the same as the larger cans. We quote them in crates of 50, at $7.00 per hundred cans. Above gallon cans in wooden case, 6 cans in a case . , 60c per case 1 0 cans in a case 95c per case Address all orders to National Bee-Keepers* Association, NORTHSTAR, MICHIGAN ROOT'S =— Power Honey Extractors Our new catalog is full of information about these labor-saving machines. With the difficulty of getting competent help, the power extractors are being sold largely in this and foreign countries, and the present demand is far greater than ever before. Read what a California producer says in a letter to a distinterested party, which we are permitted to see and publish : Gentlemen — I should like to say a few words in favor of the ball-bearing Root Auto- matic Extractor, as I believe it is as near perfection as can be. This machine runs so easy that a few turns to get it up to speed is all that is necessary; and the men, while using the No. 17, which I formerly had, could average only 1,000 lbs. per day, while with this machine they can average 2,000 lbs. with but one additional man. No apiary can afford to be without one of these machines. I feel like congratulating the A. I. Root Co. for making an invention that is such a satisfaction, and financially to the honey-producers' interests. Elk Grove, Cal. B. B. Hog.aboom. HERE ARE A FEW MORE. A word about the power extractor I purchased from you through H. L. Jones, of Goddna. I found it to work very satisfactorily, and it will do all it is claimed to do and more. I use the gasoline engine for several purposes besides driving the eight-frame extrac- tor, such as driving the washing machine for the lady of the house, and corn cracking and grinding. I consider it one of the best speculations I made in connection with the apiary. Pittsworth, Queensland. F. C. Colder. Yours of the 16th, also the brake-band for power extractor, ^;ame to hand. Thanks for sending it so promptly. This is my second season with the power extractor. I would not be without it now, even if I had only fifty colonies. David Running. Grindstone City, Mich., July 19, 1910. I received the extractor I ordered of you some time ago. It arrived in good shape. I set it up and extracted 143 quarts of honey, and sold it at 35c a quart. The extractor is just fine — does the work completely. F. D. King. Athens, Ohio, Aug. 16, 1912. The engine I got of you this spring has done fine. We ran it all fall and never had any trouble at all. V. V. Dexter. North Yakima, Wash., Jan. 18, 1911. For full particulars see our new catalog. The A. I. Root Company, Medina, Ohio BRANCH OFFICES. New York, 139-141 Franklin St. Chicago, 213-291 Institute Place. Philadelphia, 8-10 Vine St. Des Moines, 565 W. Seventh St. St. Paul, 1024 Mississippi St. Syracuse, 1631 Genesee St. Washington, UOO Maryland Ave., S. W. Mechanics Falls, Me. A FEW AGENTS HANJDMXG THESE GOODS. California Madary's Planing Mill, Fresno and Elk Grove " '. . . .Mandary's Supply Co., Los Angeles Colorado Barteldes Seed Co., Denver Indiana Walter S. Pouder, Indianapolis Michigan M. H. Hunt & Son, Lansing Missouri Blanke Mfg. & Supplv Co., St. Louis -., John Nebel & Son Supply Co., High Hill New Mexico.. , Roswell Seed Co., Roswell Ohio S. T. Griggs Co., Toledo " C. H. W. Weber & Co., Cincinnati Texas Texas Seed & Floral Co., Dallas " r Toepperwein & Mayfield Co., San Antonio The A. I. Root Company Medina, Ohio TMt CHAS. F. MAY CO., PRIIMTEHS. OETBOIT, MICh m^^^p^tx^ mm Published Mont% SEPT. 1913 W ^^ ^ NORTHSTAR, MICHIGAN ONE DOLUR PER YEAR MARSHFIELD GOODS Are made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best young basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. Oar Very ne.st is THE Aery Best. Best Sections Best Shipping Cases and Dealer in Best Bee Supplies We make a specialty of manufac- turing' Uest Sections. They are the FINEST in the land, none better. When you once buy Lotz Sections you will want no other. Now is the time to buy and have them when the honey flow is on. Prompt shipments. Our bee supply cata- logue for the asking. Aug. Lotz & Co. Boyd, Wis. Comb Foundation Working Wax You have to go below the surface of things to find THE REASON WHY tlie HONEY BEES like Dittmer Process Comb Foundation It is because, it is PURE, WHOLE- SOME, has the TASTE, SMELL, and FIRMNESS of the Honey Comb the Honey Bee make themselves. You will be money ahead to send your wax to DITTMER to be worked into Foundation. SE?n> FOR PRICES AND DISCOUNTS. GUS. DITTMER CO. Augusta, Wis. PAGE-KENKEL MFG. CO. MANUFACTURERS of the "NONE BETTER" Bee - Keepers' Supplies THIRTY YEARS EXPERIENCE Perfect sections from young, white, basswood. White Pine Hives and Supers, Excellent Shipping Cases, Brood Frames, Separators, etc. We invite your correspondence. (Bee Hive ^ Page-Kenkel Mfg. Co. New London, Wis. (established 1888) OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION AND ITS AFFILIATED ASSOCIATIONS E. D. TOVVXSEND, Managing Editor, Northstar, Mich. WESLEY FOSTER, Assistant Editor, Boulder, Colo. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post office at Detroit, Micliigan, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Terms — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, l^Iexico, Hawaiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. Dlseontiniiances — Unless a request is received to the contrary, the subscription wJl be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. Advertising- rates on aiipliention. Forni.s close 25th of eath month. MANAGING OFFICE, NORTHSTAR. MICHIGAN DETROIT OFFICE. 214 HAMMOND BLDC. VOL. XXVI. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, SEPTEMBER 1, 1913 No. 9 Bees in Colorado are still swarming durin;^" the latter part of August, causing the apiarists untold annoyances. Bee men in the west have trusted to luck and mild winters to bring their bees through in good shape. Sometimes they came through and sometimes they did not. Bees need protection in the west. There can be little argument about it except among those who have not had a full round of experience. Swarms and the Public. Swarming has been so excessive this year that the pu.blic, nearly to a man, has had an intimate introduction to tlie swarming phase of bee-keeping. Swarms have alighted in the tops of automobiles, in abandoning flues of public buildings, frightening the office forces. I have seen swarms on fence posts, under ditch banks, and the houses in the country nearly all have swarms in them if the dwellers are to be believed. The newspapers report that a moving automo- bile encountered a circling swarm in the road, and the wind-shield being down they drove against the back of the top which was up. The autoist stopped and tried to drive the bees out of the machine and was badly stung. 338 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Secretary S. ^\'. Snyder. Center Pu'nt, Iowa, writes that plans are already under way for a rousinj; state meet'ng of the Iowa As- s(3ciation next winter at Des Moines. Tht>se lov/a bee-keepers are a hustling- lot and will no doubt put out a good prr.gram. which will lie published in the Rf.\ii:w as soon as prepared. Why have }-ou not hired your neighlior's Ix.y to clean your empty comi) honey supers, section holders, and separators? A good lively boy can clean forty to fifty a day and the work will be easy and pleasant for h'm. Offer him two or two and a half cents a ^U])er and let him work evenings after school. ;ind Saturdays. If von liave boys of your own gi\"e them the jol) and pa}- theni for it. The Fixed Retail Price. The Associated Ad^-ertising• Clubs of America ;ulopted unani- mously a resolution to faA-or legislation to allow the producer of an article the right to fix the reta-1 price at which it must be sold. The National Bee-Keepers' Association should be interested, in some such plan to get rid of the discrepancy between t!ic price the producer gets and the price the consumer paAS. If the honev producer could fix the jobbing, wholesale and retail prices as is diMic ])y manufac- turers of many other products, we would at least know who and how much the middlemen were getting. A little more light on the profits made and the losses sustained would not hurt us an}-. This is the age of publicity and we have a right to knrtw where the profits and probable losses go. One of the stock phrases of some dealers is that their margin of profit is largely necessary on account of the great risks they run. which gives us no light on the question we are interested in. yiz. : "What does distribution cost?" This is a question we are slowly working- out. It wdll take time but it can be determined. An Uncapping Machine. Mr. Eugene Baker of Los Angeles, Cal.. is the in\ entor of an uncapping device upon which he has been working for several years. In describing its operation he says: The construction is simplicity itself and the machine is remarkably quick in action and easy to operate. ^letal spacers. Hofifman projectors, or wide top bars do not interfere in the least with its operation. It takes all styles equally, as well as plain frames. The knives are heated by THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 339 means of a small boiler which will hold two or three gallons of water and the steam is conducted directh- to the knives by rubber tubes. To heat the water a small oil burner or a single gasoline burner may be used. As the steam condenses it is carried back to the boiler. The knives are corrugated and work with an oscillating niot'on. enabling the operator to use them in the most effcctixe manner. They are (|uickly adjusted to any width and open automaticallv when pressing the top bars. He is a shrewd bee-keeper who can super his comb honey colo- nies so as to have few unfinished combe at the end of the season. Too Much Equipment. Bee culture is not so profitable that the producer of comb and extracted honey can have a very full equipment for both unless a good deal of the material is home-made. There is an advantage in living near other bee-men so that, perhaps, you can borrow an ex- tractor, capping melter. or a few^ comb honev supers or comb foun- dation. There has been a good deal of running around to the neighbor bee-men this year, as the flow has been faster than com- mon since early in July, the rush taking us b}' surprise, so that we have had to help each other out as best wc could. The supplv dealers have run short on a good deal of material and waiting is a hard virtue to find in bee-men during swarming and a rush hone\- flow, ^^'hich leads me to say that many bee-men h.ave more equip- ment not in yearly use than their number of colonics warrant. Better trade that extra extractor, capping melter. or extra suiters for something you need worse. And it will pay everv bee-man to take an inventory to find out what extras have accumulated ihat ma\- better be spared. Mr. France's Good Work is Recognized. Those who attended the National meeting at Cincinnati last I'^ebruary will remember how all went down deep in their pockets to make uj) a ])urse to buy member J^>ance a token of remembrance for faithful work performed for the National Association, and how soon $4S was subscribed for the purpose, wdll be pleased to note that in his declining years Mr. France and his wife also can set in an easy chair and know bv thc^se tokens of appreciation that his almost life-work is appreciated bv a loving fraternity. Long ma^' Mr. and Mrs. I'Tance live to enjov the gift, is a flesire of the Na- tional P)ee-keeper's Association. Mr. Dadant, of the Auicrican Bee Journal, was chosen chairman of the committee in charge of buving the gift and we take pleasure in co])ying from the .\ugust A.. 15. J. as follows : S{ THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW iriE Token from the National Bee-Keepers to N. E. Fi,rs. Sec. Indiana State Bee-Keepers" Assn. 342 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE Management of Three Thousand Colonies Bees in Fifty Yards By J. J. WILDER, Gordale, Ga. From One Box-Hive to One Hnndred Colonies in Modern Hives in One Yard. ' •Jl' T was about sixteen years ago that I began bee-keeping in Jl "dead earnest," with a "will"' to do the work that must be done to succeed. With high ideas and a good "grip" on the future, like the wearied thirsty ox under the heav}^ yoke longs for the water in the brook, when he reaches it, checks his thirst — ■ like him did I earnestly long for and seek after, information along the line of bee-keeping, to fill my storehouse with knowledge. At this period in my bee-keeping career, business, ambition, or inspira- tion, perhaps, never reached a higher point in the life of any one. Back of this was a chain of years when my bee-keeping life was similar to that of the ordinary bee-keeper of this location at that time. Modern hives of convenience were not known to me. An improvement was made on the ordinary hive then in use, using crude frames in both the bottom story and the super, which could be removed by a certain amount of effort. This feature was not used much, except with the supers. When they were filled the frames were pried or lifted out and the honey removed. This honey was not always built straight in the frames and was cut out and sold for "chunk" comb honey. It was into these hives that I now transferred my 14 colonies, for the one first given me had increased to 14. As my bees increased so did my interest in them. At this point I secured a more suitable location for them and moved them. The next spring all new swarms were hived in the new hive of my own invention, which was much more satisfactory. This was m}' first great step taken in bee-culture. I now bought the city lot the bees were located on and built a work shop (which also answered for a honey house) in which I cut out and made my hives. This was done at odd times, mostly at night. At this time I had 37 colonies and made it a practice to spend one hour each day among them, the noon hour during swarm- ing time. Those swarming during my absence were hived by a neighbor. Thus I continued on for two more seasons, during Avhich time I increased to 73 colonies. I now learned that dovetailed movable comb hives were being: made and used in the north. This THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 343 information came from a party from the north who told me where I could secure them. Prices were secured and live hives ordered. After setting them up I saw great merit in them and ordered five more, making ten in which new swarms were hived. I closed the next season with 100 swarms, ten of which were in movable comb Langstroth hives. It is needless to say that I as delighted with the new hives and saw that their merits as far exceeded those of my hive as mine did over those used by others in this locality, and I at once began handling bees on movable combs. Right here I went to bee-keeping in dead earnest, and my ambition rose to a great height when I looked at what I had done with the bees heretofore, for I had been securing season after season good crops of fancy honey, for which I had received good prices ; for the returns from the bees had paid for the lot they were located upon, and the lumber I had used in making hives, the work shop, and also the ten factory hives I had bought. After paying these bills, there was a nice little sum to their credit, but none of it was used outside the bees. There was not enough to buy the needed 100 dovetailed hives, but there was enough to buy 40 com- plete hives and inside furniture for 60 more, also lumber to make 60 bodies. This lumber was worked up by hand and the 100 com- plete hives made ready for the next season's increase. To do this I had to work many nights until 12 o'clock, but you may be sure the task was a pleaasant one to me and I never grew weary as the hours passed by. The great task of transferring these bees was before me. I posted myself as best I could along the line of transferring bees, and when the first swarm issued, was a signal that the time had arrived to begin the work. This took me from my other work four days. Three of my colonies were too weak to transfer, leaving 87 colonies to transfer. I put my reasoning faculties to work and before I opened a hive I had "hatched" out a plan of my own by which the bees would transfer themselves. This method proved a factor in my business for a number of years. I will give this plan fully in my next article. The bees were all made ready to transfer themselves in one day and the next morning found me back on my other job. The bees did not swarm much with this niethod of transferring, and a good crop of honey was harvested, A Honey Extractor Is Purchased Toward the close of this season my first extractor was bought and put in use. When fall came, the job of transferring was over and with a little decrease and some increase, but 100 colonies were put into winter quarters that fall. Two hundred colonies Avere in fine shape, and a nice little bank account was placed to their credit. This bank account was to be used in the business another season. This apiary was my "hobby" and it took the winter a long time to roll by, so anxious was I to get out with the bees the next spring. THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW Some Suggestions on Treating Diseased Colonies of Bees; Also on Disinfecting Hives and Utensils. By F. E. MILLEN, State Bee Inspector for Michigan. ^^^ WO words should be emphasized strongly when dealing with \^j disease infected hives and appliances from which bees have been treated, — they are Care and Thoroughness. When deal'ng with foul brood aim to make one treatment all that is necessary to get rid of the disease. Any bee-keeper with a large and valuable apiary who discovers one or two colonies suffer- ing from American foul-brood, would be taking the safest course by burning- those colonies without delay, after pouring a little gas- oline into each hive to stupefy the bees. With the European foul-brood conditions are somewhat differ- ent, for with this disease, if one finds it in one colony, it can soon be found throughout the yard and immediate treatment is called for. Usually the whole yard will need treating, especially if black bees are kept. As this article deals with the care after treatment, we will pre- sume that the treatment has been thoroughly carried out. Perhaps one warning will not be out of place ; in shaking the bees akvays shake them on newspapers placed in front of the hive, thus catch- ing any spilled honey. These papers can afterwards be destroyed. It is useless to treat the colonies and leave a pound or two of honey around the entrance for other bees to take up and spread the dis- ease. The safest way to sterilize the hives and all appliances that have been used in examin'ng or treating the diseased colonies, is by flaming all the woodwork until charred, this after it has been thor- oughly scraped in a place shut away from the bees. All the tools should then be boiled, and the hands and clothes washed free from all honey. If there is much honey in the combs it can be extracted and used as food in the house, but comb or honey must never be left so that the bees may gain access to them, or disease is almost sure to reappear. If used for extracting the infected honey, the extrac- tor should be thoroughly sterilized with boiling- Avater or steam be- fore using again. Should there be only a little honey, it will be safer to cut out combs, honey and all, and render down for beeswax. Every bee-keeper with many hives to treat and comljs to melt would do well to invest in a good wax press ; a fair sized hive will yield about two pounds of wax, and beeswax should be one of the valuable by-products of bee-keeping. I feel confident that if only the bee-keepers would treat thor- THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW oughly the first time disease appears, an dthen use care in steril'zing the hives and appliances and disposing of disease infected material generally, that there would be fewer outbreaks recurring in trentea yards, and thereby much loss would be saved the bee-kee])ers. Lansing, Mich., July, 1913. (Perhaps the beemen in the clover beU have been chuckling over the honey crop conditions in California and other parts of the country where failure has met the beemen. Read this little poem and help a little:) How Competition Works. Old Susan Kellum owned a cow and lived in Germantown ; In selling milk she found she must compete with Neighbor Brown. 'Twas almost like starvation for herself and little Dick ; One day her boy came running in and said. "Brown's cow is sick." Then quickly came a twinkle in old Susan Kellum's eye ; It seemed she would not worrk, tho' her neighbor's cow should die. Brown's customers began to come to buy her milk and cream. She sold a pint to Dr. Smith, a quart to Lawyer Beam, And Brown himself came over then to buy a quart or tv/o : 'Twas then that Susan tried her best strong sympathy to show, But she couldn't hide the twinkle in the corner of her eye ; 'Twas plain she wouldn't dress in black tho' Brown's old cow should die. She sold new milk, skim milk and cream, sold all the cow could give, And little D'ick and Susan Kellum then knew just how to live ; A box must hold two sacks of flour, the shed a ton of coal. Some apples in a cofifee sack, potatoes in a hole ; And Susan had a twinkle in the corner of her eye ; It plainer grew when Brown had hung his cow's hide out to dry. So when our farmers have a crop, while Russia suffers drought. Or when a teacher gets a school by shoving someone out. Or when a workman gets a job with dozens standing by — Oh, this world is full of twinkles; have you tried to find the why? There are many twinkles twinkled by those who have the pie. Like the twinkles Susan twinkled in the corner of her eye. But do not censure harshl}', tho' the many starve and die While others live in plenty with a twinkle in their eye ; But let us work together for a better time to come, When an honest man can live without a twinkle in h's eye — ■ When there won't be twinkles twinkled by those who have the pie, Like the twinkles Susan twinkled in the corner of her eye. — Denver Weekly RepuhUean. 346 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW League Fund to be Used to Distribute Leaflets "Honey as Food and Medicine." Platteville, Wis., yVugiist 18th, 1913. Editor Review : The League Fund Committee has decided to place in the hands of honey producers those valuable leaflets "Honey as Food and Med- icine." They contain many receipts for baking", making candies, etc. They will be ready soon for bee-keepers to distribute among their customers and neighbors, thus creating a demand for honey. I am advised to ask bee-keepers to pay the postage on these valu- able booklets, but that will be so little compared to cost of book and its help in creating home markets, that every bee-keeper should gladly give them a trial. Am asking for a little space in the Review to call attention to this booklet, how it will sell producer's honey at home, thus giving him a growing home market. Members of the National Bee-Keepers' Association can have these booklets free by paying postage. A small charge will be asked of those not members. When we have used the $604 now in the hands of the Com- mittee in thus advertising honey, certainly this will have created a better demand for honey and filled the League Fund intention. Yours truly, N. F. France. (It would seem as if the League Fund Committee had made a wise choice in selecting those "Honey as Food" leaflets for free dis- tribution among the members and their customers. If the balance of the League Fund can be used in this way, as Chairman France says "it will fill the League Fund intention," so those contribut'ng this fund ought to be well pleased. We hope Chairman France will have more to say about these booklets in time for the October Review. According to a late ruling of President Gates, subscribers of the Review will be entitled to these booklets the same as mem- bers of the Association). Selling Your Honey Near Home. SOMETHING ABOUT CONTAI NERS— THE GROCERYMAN NOT A GOOD HONEY SALESMAN— KEEP UP YOUR PRICES— USE A SMALL PACKAGE. By J. M. DONALDSON, Moorestown, N. J. V ^^ HFN you have invested your capital in bees, hives, extrac- ^J^ tors and the necessary tools for operating your apiary or apiaries, worked day after day under the hot sun, received sting after sting, and took your chances between har-\'esting a crop i THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 347 of hcney and feeding, if feeding has to be done, a'ou are ttre man who has to pay the bills. If you succeed in harvesting a crop, then you are the one who is entitled to the profits. Are you getting the profits, or are you shipping your honey to a city, paying heavy freight rates and commissions and waiting for your returns, while your home market remains unsupplied? If you are, it is time you should investigate the possibilities of your home market. Did you say, "I am not a salesman." Perhaps you are not, neither were you a bee-keeper until you learned step by step. If you would devote the same time, the same energy, and the same persistency to selling the crop as you did to learn how to handle your bees, you would soon establish a good paying home trade, and there is no better time to begin than right now when the price of butter is so high, because most children, if given the choice between honey and butter, will say, "Give me honey." The writer has built up paying home trades in three vastly different localities, and in doing so has learned many valuable little kinks, or I might say tricks, of the trade. Hoping that they may benefit those who intend to, or are al- ready taking care of their home trade, I will name a few of them under the head of "Dont's," giving my reason for the same. Don't imagine that any old thing will do for a container. There is no one thing that I know that will create a worse impression with a prospective buyer than a dirty, nasty, sticky package, and that is just what any package soon becomes when it leaks. Choose a nice jar that can be made air and honey tight. Buy the jars back when empty, of course at a little less than they cost you. I find that it pays, because when you call for the jars it generally means another sale. Don't turn your honey over to a groceryman and im.agine that your troubles are ended. An ordinary salesman can sell more honey in a week's time than the combined stores of your town will dis- pose of in a month. You do not need to look far for the reason. The honey salesman is selling just one article he has an interest in, pushing the sales of that article, but with the groceryman, honey is only one of the many articles he has for sale, otherwise tlie honey remains in some out of the way corner until granulated. Don't cut prices in order to get what you consider 3'our share of the trade. Remember the other fellow can, and very likely would, cut his prices to undersell you. If your competitor is not a bee-keeper, you already have one advantage that he can not over- come. The public will always buy their honey direct from a bee- keeper if they can. If your rival is also a bee-keeper, just try to sell a little better grade of honey, put up in a neater package, be a little more polite and prompt with your customers, and then see who wins. 348 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Don't select too large a package or try to sell too large a quan- tity at a sale. Now that may seem like very poor advice. I have lost several good customers by doing so. The average family are not used to honey, and if they have a large quantity on hand, will often eat so much that they become tired of it. Better far make small sales and make them often. Don't make your prices too low. If you sell honey you nmst always have it on hand. If your trade will use more than you can produce or you have a crop failure, then you will have to buy, and you want to be in a position so you can buy from other bee-keepers and sell at a profit. When going over your route the second or third time, don't pass a house just because they did not buy from you before. Per- haps some neighbor has told them how nice your honey is. Right here, let me say there is your cheapest and best advertis- ing. I do not mean that you should not advertise, for there is one of the big dont's. Don't forget to advertise and keep on good terlns with the local editor. Get him to give you local notices, and print recipes using honev instead of sugar or other sweets. Don't forget to have some nice beeswax in sizes suitable for use in the laundry, and the old ladies' work baskets. You will find it much more satisfactory to use a blend of honeys instead of a straight honey from any one source, because you will find many peo- ple are suspicious of real light honey. Then again, it will enable vou to work off darker grades to an advantage. By all means avoid the use of the words Pure or Uiwdiiltcratid on your labels. Few will think of it unless they see it, and when they do then there is a job of explaining for you. Do Bees Reason? By JAMES ODELL, Lincoln, Nebr. {Co7iti7iued from last month') AN ANT STORV. A striking illustration of the adaptability of the insect mind to novel conditions is related by Dr. Leland O. Howard, Chief En- tomologist of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, in ''The Insect Book." Pp. 39-40: "In one of the greenhouses of the Department of Agriculture at Washington, a medium-sized black ant occurred in considerable num- bers, attracted by the presence of plant lice and mealy bugs upon the hothouse plants. As is well known, ants are especially fond of the nectar secreted by these insects. A number of years ago some Li- THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 349 berian coffee trees were started in the greenhouse. On the under side of the leaves of these coft'ee trees there exist at the bases oi certain of the leaf ribs some very minute, nectar-secreting glands. The ants soon found this out and sipped the nectar. Then the idea occurred to some clever ant that these nectar glands would be the best place in the world for mealy bugs to live and grow fat, and they would in consequence secrete a great deal more nectar than they would if they lived on other parts of the leaf. So conservative, however, is your scientist, that Dr. Howard devotes some space to a serious consideration of Bethe's theory of reflex action which explicitly denies the existence of any psychic quality in insects. "But the nectar glands were too small to accommodate even one good sized mealy bug. So the word was passed around and the ants gnawed the edges of the gland and enlarged it so that it would accommodate a good sized mealy bug w^hich was carried to it. Doubtless to the delight of the ants, the result was as we may im- agine it to have been anticipated. The mealy bug thrived exceed- ingly. The gland was enlarged still further and a whole family of mealy bugs was raised in the same hole. Thus a custom grew up and many such greatly enlarged glands were found after a few months. Here was an ant, then, apparently taking advantage of an opportunity which was new not only to the experience of the individ- ual, but new to the experience of the race, and if we adopt the most reasonable of the definitions of instinct here seems to have been displayed positive intelligence of a high order." The foregoing incident so circumstantially related by this noted scientist is quite in harmony w^ith many similar phenomena which have come under the observation of those who have made special studies of the social hymenoptera. It will be noted that in this incident we have Romanes' definition of reason again verv clearly outlined. BEE SCOUTS. Xo fact of novel character seems more clearly established in connection with apiculture than the occasional phenomena of scout- ing parties of bees seeking and preparing a future home for an outgoing swarm. This has been so frequently verified that it is no longer seriously in question. Numerous instances of this kind have fallen under the personal observation of the WTiter, so completely verified as to leave no question as to the fact. In the summer of 1907 at the country home of the writer, where a large apiary was maintained, eighteen swarms of stray bees hived themselves. In every case these were preceded from one to three days (usually the latter period) by parties of scout bees who busied themselves in house-cleaning and preparing for the coming of the swarm. The 350 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW evening- before the swarm came these scouts invariably disappeared; on the morrow the swarm invariably came and made its way di- rectly into the chosen hive w^ithout hesitation. All efforts to drive them into other hives or to cluster them on near-by trees were un- availing-. These incidents were so fully verified by daily observation that we could predict with much accuracy the coming of the swarm by the preliminary actions of the scout bees. These remarkable cir- cumstances afforded one of the most interesting experiences of that summer's work in our apiary, and were the subject of many long" and speculative conversations during the summer evenings. Certain facts finally came to be well proven to us, namely: 1. Bees about to swarm do frequently send out scouting par- ties to locate and prepare a home for the swarm. 2. Such scouting parties make the necessary preparation and lead the swarm with directness to the home chosen. o. All ordinary efforts to cluster the bees or to divert them from the home so selected are futile. 4. Observations of the action of these scout bees indicate that their coming is not accidental, but that they are following a delib- erately chosen line of conduct and thoroughly understand their bus- iness, and as a corollary: such forethought and preparedness in hu- mans could only come as the result of intelligent thought ; hence by all rules of comparative psychology these bees must exercise a high order of intelligence and reasoning power. KEFIiEX THEORV INSUFFICIENT. It is submitted that the theory of reflex action can have no fully conclusive place in such phenomena as these we have recounted. Universal testimony indicates that the instinct of domesticated bees leads them to cluster when swarming, relying on their provident master to provide for them a home and introduce them to it. While the scouting practice may be far more general than we now suppose, it certainly is not the normal habit of bees such as would lead directly to the specialization of reflex nerve centers. Here then is a problem which can be only intelligently considered through the medium of comparative psychology. We cannot enter into the con- sciousness of a bee or a horse or a dog, nor can we fathom the depths of their thinking save by analogy ; we can only compare their actions wnth what we know of human thought and action under an- alogous conditions. By these standards of comparison, (and they are those of the world of science), we may be enabled to enter into a new understanding of the bee and its life. Its common habits are comparatively well known, but the thousand and one perplexing things which are done by these busy creatures which show forth originality and forceful directness of intelligence can no longer be explained away by such terminology as "reflexes" or "instinct." THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 351 A FROBIiEM FOR THZ: BREEDER. However interesting such studies may be to the lover of nature or the student of the occult, they have a far more important and practical relation. The industry of bee-keeping is one of constantly increasing economic importance. By virtue of its indispensable con- nection witli highly intensified agriculture it must presently rank as one of the most important minor foundation specialties of rural activity. The natural development of such industry must necessar- ily attract the interest and end in the inevitable fascination of the agricultural scientist and master of the art of breeding. The same skill which multiplying the quality and productiveness of everything connected with the soil through the wizardry of scientfic breeding- must inevitably be devoted to bee-culture before we can hope to reach the ultimate possibilities of our craft. This problem will then no longer be a question of races, species or strains, but one of individual colonies and individual parentage, selected with painstaking reference to individual excellence. Mark- edly characteristic traits, valuable in themselves, or indicative of valuable possibilities in development, will be eagerly sought for and carefully inbred until they become reflex and the vehicle of prepo- tency. The l)iologist has learned already that maternal prepotency is the fountain-head of evolution of species, and that the greater percentage of heritable traits are transmissible directly through the maternal agency. This involves a better understanding of the queen and her relation to the hive and its future population. It involves a conscientious care in selection, isolation and breeding which for its own safeguarding must be divorced from any commercial enterprise. Such an important experiment is too potential in results to be en- trusted to private hands ; it should be undertaken by the state. If there be any psychological relation between the physical ac- tivities of the bees and its nervous structure which leads to proof of intelligence exercised under stress of necessity it leads inevitably to the conclusion that some bees know more than others, and that in the ratio of their dififering knowledge they differ in value or pos- sibilities. We breed domestic animals with reference to their intel- ligence, as every breeder knows. Our scientists breed grains and grasses wdiich are resistant to their natural enemies of climate and disease, and do it successfull}". This paper is for the purpose of suggesting that science is not devoting to bee-breeding the attention it should and that it will probably not until the bee-keepers them- selves insist on it. In Winona, South Carolina, is a boy named Jerry JMoore who holds the world's record for 228 bushels and three pecks of corn produced on a single acre of worn-out land such as a few years since produced but ten bushels per acre. The dift'erence is one of brains 352 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW actively interested in a problem of human progress. Just such stim- ulus as is being given to this and other lines of agriculture will come to our craft when we are given the opportunity to do definite and accurate work in research and breeding. It is said that ten generations, line bred of pure blood to fix characteristics dominant in both parents, will produce a thoroughbred. We are getting thor- oughbreds in everything, even in our corn and potatoes. It is not too much to hope that we shall yet have a thoroughbred race of bees — and bee-keepers. WinterinsT Bees in the West. By WESLEY FOSTER. Two methods were shown on the Colorado Agricultural College Demonstration Train during the past spring. They were not in- tended so much to be followed in detail as to suggest to the average bee man ways by which he could bring a larger percentage of his hives through the winter. And from the interest shown I am satis- fied that the effort will bear fruit. One was a small model of a willow brush fence around a bee yard. Fig. 1 shows a picture of the model. Any farmer w th access to willow brush could make one. The wires of the fence run on each side of the posts and the brush is stuck down between. Or, if you have no brush, use woven wire instead on each side of the posts and pack the intervening space with straw. Such a fence will pro- tect from hard fall, winter, and spring- winds. Then if the fence is tight, meddlesome boys or honey thieves will not be so likely to molest the apiary. Fig. 2 shows the method used to illustrate wintering bees in clamps. A small model, as shown, was made to represent eight hives set back to back and the supers filled with leaves, the whole top then covered with a corrugated iron roof, tlie entrances closed and each colony given an entrance at the top of the hive under the corrugated iron cover. Straw then is packed around and covered with boards or corrugated iron to keep it dry. Mr. Polhemus, of Prowers county, uses this method except in some small details. He uses dirt in place of straw to pack around the hive? and it seems to THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 353 do well. Where there is not a sandy soil and good drainage this would not do. Western bee men are gradual!}' changing their opin- ions on this wintering problem. Field Notes From Tennessee. J. M. BUCHANAN, Franklin, Tenn. State Bee Inspector. Some of our bee-keepers have been puzzled by the condition known as "bald-headed brood." This h.as .-sonietimes been mistaken for pickled brood, or Sacbrood. On close examination, however, dead larvae will rarely ever be found, and the brood seems to ma- ture about like the sealed brood. It v/ill be found usually in patches of several cells, which have been drawn out a little longer than the rest, and the pupae left unsealed. I have seen in one case as much as twenty-five per cent of the brood left "bald-headed." It is not clear what causes this condition. However, I would recommend requeening and better ventilation. In the treatment of European foul brood bv requeening, Dr. Miller recommends letting the colony remain queenless for two or three weeks before introducing the new queen. Perhaps this is best, as it gives the bees more time to make a thorough job of cleaning up. I know of one apiary in Vv'hich there were perhaps fifty colonies of hybrids, most of them badly afifected with European foul brood. No treatment was given them except that the queens were removed and young golden Italian queens introduced at once. By the next season at least 90 per cent of these colonies had cleaned up and were in a healthy condition. In hiving stray swarms, unless you know that they have come from healthv colonies, it would be well, in order to avoid disease, to hive them on starters or empty frames. Later, if desired, these can be replaced with drawn combs or full sheets of foundation. This will force the bees to use for the secretion of wax what honey they have brought with them. :!: * * This is a truthful saying, and worthy of all acceptation : "Do your spring feeding in the Eall." The successful wintering of the colony depends in a large measure on its having a good proportion of young bees at the beginning of winter. Unless there is a good fall flow, stimulative feeding should be resorted to, in order to force breeding through September and October. Then with the colonies heavy with stores, and strong with young bees, you can rest easy in the spring and confidently expect strong colonies for the flow. 354 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW This has been the best season I have e\er known in the clover districts. The white clover yielded long and heavily. The color •and quality are better also than usual. In the rest of the State the crop has not been so good, as the dry w^eather has cut otT much of the bloom. The prospect at present is for a light fall l1ow% and in some sections the bees will have to be fed for winter stores. Sourwood is one of our best honey plants, although it occurs in rather limited areas, being found mostly nn the uplands and ridges. It is a glossy leaved shrub, blooming in July and August, bearing great clusters of creamy-white blossoms, in vvdiich the bees fairlv revel. The honey is of good body and flavor, and light color, with rather a pinkish tinge. The fact that it is remarkably slow^ to granulate makes it valuable for packing with l)ulk comb honey. Massachusetts Bee-Keepers' Meeting. Probably the most interesting and successful annual field day meeting ever held by the Massachusetts Society of Bee-Keepers was that which took place last Saturday on the spacious lawn at the residence of Mr. and Mrs. C. L. Stewart, Union street, there being an unusually large attendance of members and those prominent in bee culture, while the exhibits oi bees, honey and equipment was most extensive and in- structive. Every section of Massachu- setts as well as portions of other states, were represented at the meeting by bee culturists, and all were hand- somel}' taken care of by Mr. and Mrs. Stewart from the time of their arrival until their departure. Through the kindness of Capt. T. \'>. Crocker, Dr. C. Edson Abbott, Dr. Solon Abbott and Ulysses L. Burns, the visiting members of the society were met at the station in automobiles and given a good view of the town before the time for the meeting. Settees and chairs were placed on the lawn to ac- commodate the 122 members registered. I-Vom 11 a. m. to 12 m. was taken up in sociability, and from 12 to 1 p. m. there was a basket lunch, which in- cluded rolls and honey, coffee and ice cream. At 1 p. m. the meeting was called to order by President E. Clinton Brittou of Canton, and at a brief business ses- sion six new members were enrolled. At the close of the session one of the most interesting features of the field day was enacted when President Brit- ton introduced a queen liee to a swarm. The queen, after being liberated, circled about, and then disappeared for five minutes or more, when it again came upon the scene and proceeded to unite With a colony of bees. It was indeed a most interesting sight. The addresses of the Afternoon be- gan at 1:30. Dr. E. F. PhiUips, eto- mologist, in charge of bee culture inves- tigations at Washington, spoke on the wintering of liees, l)ringing out many valual)le points, and took occasion to tell of successful experiments he had made by the process of etomologj'. State Inspector Burton H. Gates of the Massachusetts agricultural college gave an interesting account of the state inspection of bees now going on at the college, and he was followed by Allen Latham, president of the C. B. K. A., who gave an interesting talk on the subject of "Let Alone Hives." Vice- President W. A. Small of Waltham tlien gave an exhibition of some of his recent inventions, and spoke inter- estingly concerning them. Others who spoke were J. L. Bayard, deputy state inspector, and who is su- I)erintendent of the apiary at the state agricuUnral college; Arthur C. Miller of Providence, state inspector of Rhode Island, and O. A. Fuller, of Blackstone. There were interesting exhibits of comb honey, extracted honey and bees- wax, products from Mrs. Stewart's apiary, as well as exhibits of hive equipment by Ross Bros, of ^^'orcester and H. Jepson of Boston. The field day meeting came to an end at 4 :30, all agreeing that it was one of the most pleasant as well as profitable ever held bj- the society. The field day committee included Benjamin P. Sands, chairman; Mrs. L. D. Colby and Fred C. Howard. THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 355 NATIONAL GRADING RULES Adopted at Cincinnati, Feb. is, 191 3. Sections of comb honey are to be graded: First, as to finish; second, as to color of honey; and third, as to weight. The sections of honey in any given case are to be so nearly alike in these three respects that any section shall be representative of the contents of the case. I. FIIVISH: 1. Extra Fancy- — Sections to be evenly filled, comb firmly attached to the four sides, the sections to be free from propolis or other pronounced stain, combs and cappings white, and not more than six unsealed cells on either side. 2. Fancy — Sections to be evenly filled, comb firmly attached to the four sides, the sections free from propolis or other pronounced stain, comb and cappings white and not more than six unsealed cells on either side exclusive of the outside row. 3. No. I — Sections to be evenly filled, comb firmly attached to the four sides, the sections free from propolis or other pronounced stain, comb and cappings white to slightly off color, and not more than 40 unsealed cells, exclusive of the outside row. 4. No. 2 — Comb not projecting beyond the box, attached to the sides not less than two-thirds of the way around and not more than 60 unsealed cells exclusive of the row adjacent to the box. II. COLOR: On the basis of color of the honey, comb honey is to be classified as: first, white; second, light amber; third, amber; and fotarth, dark. III. WEIGHT: 1. Heavy- — No section designated as heavy to weigh less than fourteen ounces. 2. Medium — No section designated as medium to weigh less than twelve ounces. 3. Light — No section designated as light to weigh less than ten ounces. In describing honey, three words or symbols are to be used, the first being descrip- tive of the finish, the second of color and the third of weight. As for example: Fancy, white, heavy (F-W-H) ; No. 1, Amber, medium (1-A-M), etc. In this way any of the possible combinations of finish, color and weight can be briefly described. CULL, HOXEY Cull honey shall consist of the following: Honey packed in soiled second-hand cases or that in badly stained or propolized sections; sections containing pollen, honey-dew honey, honey showing signs of granulation, poorly ripened, sour or "weeping" honey; sections with comb projecting beyond the box or well attached to the box less than two- thirds the distance around its inner surface; sections with more than 60 unsealed cells, exclusive of the row adjacent to the box; leaking, injured, or patched up sections; sec- tions weighing less than ten ounces. DETROIT, MICH. — Choice to fancy white CHICAGO — Receipts have been quite free comb, 18@20c; amber, 14@16c; extracted, for this season of the year, both in comb and extracted, llie market is not active, but 9i4@10c per lb. ll^e quality of the honey is excellent. June 20. Prices are ranging for the A No. 1 to fancy comb at 16 to 17c, ext. 9c to 10c for the clover and lindens. Amber and other T /-.c ^x■,-I-TT-c■ All , 1 11- ■ f white grades 7 to Sc. Beeswax steady at LOS AN OhLP.S— Wholesale selling price of ^^^^ 3^ ^^ ggc, according to color and clean- honey: Comb water white, 18}4 to 20j4c; liness. white, \-iY2 to 19^c; light amber, 14 to 15c; ^ R- A. BURNETT & CO., ' , ,. „,, , ,„,; ,.^ „ July IS. 173 W. South Water St. extracted water white, ^Yz to 10J4c; white, 9 - •' to 10c; light amber, 8 to 9c; beeswax, 30. \uk21 1913 DENVER, COLORADO— New crop comb ' "■ honey is coming in freely now and quality is good. Owing to hot weather local demand is I- \x-c \c /•T'T-^• Ar/> \\--..x. .u i light. We are selling in a jobbing way at the KANSAS tIT\, MO.-W.th the long foWing figures: No. 1 white per case of 24 drought broken and cooler weather the de- sections, $3.15; choice, $3.02, and No. 2, $2.SS. niand for honey, especially comb, is very much VVe quote white extracted at 9c; light amber, improved and sales are equal to receipts. ^'*'^: ^"^ amber strained at 6.;4 to 7;'4C. We ' -1 r jj^y 2(jj, ,,^ cash and 2.Sc in trade per pound We quote No. 1 White Comb, 24 sec. cases for clean, average yellow beeswax delivered at $3.50; No. 2 White Comb, 24 sec. cases at here. $3.00 and $3.25; No. 1 Amber Comb, 24 sec. THE COLORADO ^ HONEY PRODUCERS cases at $3.25; No. 2 Dark and Amber, 24 ^j^^^.j, r^^^^chFUSS, Manager. sec. cases at $2.i>0 and $3.00; White extracted .\ugust 21 1913. per pound, Sc to SJ/^c; Bees Wax per pound, ^^^^_^^^^^____^^^^^^^^^^^_^^^__ 2.JC to 2Sc. C. C. CLEMONS PRODUCE CO. .•\ug. 20. YOU ARE INVITED TO JOIN THE "NATIONAL." 35«. THE BhE-KEEPERS' REVIEW ®lf0 National Mt^-^Jiupna^ Aaanriatton Att& tta AflSUatPb Assnrtalwna Officers. Directors. Dr. Burton N. Gates, President Dr. Burton N. Gates, Chairman Amherst, Mass. Amherst, Mass. Dr. H. a. Surface, Vice-Pres.Harrisburg, Pa. K- ^} Townsend Northstar, Mich. r- Tj T: „^, , c 1 i-\ » •» i\T- 1. }■ -^I- Buchanan Franklin, Tenn. E. B. Tyrrell Secretary Detroit. Mich. -^Vesley Foster Boulder, Colo. 214 Hammond Bldg. j. g Cavanagh Hebron, Ind. C. P. Dadant, Treas Hamilton, 111. Prof. Wilmon Newell. .College Station, Tex. Affiliated Associations and Tlieir Secretaries. Arizona Honey Exchange Missouri— J. F. Diemer Liberty, Mo. G. M. Frizzell, Tempe, Ariz. New Jersey— E. G. Carr New Egypt, N.J. Adirondack — H. E. Gray . .Fort Edwards, N.Y. N. California— Alwin P. Heim Colorado — Wesley Foster Boulder, Colo. Box 16, Fair Oaks Calif. Chicago-Northwestern — L. C. Dadant. . N. Michigan — Ira D. Bartlett '. . . ,, •• Hamilton, 111. East Jordan. Mich. Hampshire— Hampden— Franklin —Dr.. Ohio— Prof. N. E. Shaw, Dept. of Agr... Burton N. Gates Amherst, Mass. Columbus, Ohio Idaho — R. D. Bradshaw Notus, Ida. Oregon— H. Wilson. . .' .'.'. . .Corvalis, Ore. Twin Falls— C. H. Stinson. .Twin Falls, Ida. Pecos Valley— Henry C. Barron Idaho Honey Producers' Assn. — Frank Hagerman, New Mexico Beach. Salem, Idaho Pennsylvania— H. C. Klinger, Liverpool, Pa. Illinois— Jas. A. Stone.. Rt 4, Springfield, 111. Tennessee— J. M. Buchanan, Franklin, Tenn. lowA — S. W. Snyder Center Point, Iowa rp, „ ixrn- n r^ ^^■ t> i=^ INDIANA-Geo. W. Williams, Redkey, Ind. Texas-WiIIis C. Collier, Box 154...... Kansas— O. A. Keen Topeka, Kans. „ V,"^'r^ ■' " ' ' W- j°., ?' "ir^ Massachusetts Society OF Bee-Keepers.. Vermont— P. E. Cr^ne Middlebury, Vt. ..Leslie A. M. Stewart, Franklin, Mass. Washington— J. B. Ramage Michigan— O. H. Schmidt Rt. 2. N. Yakima, Wash. Rt. 5, Bay City, Mich. Wisconsin — Gus Dittmer Augusta, Wis. Minnesota — Dr. L. D. Leonard Worcester County — J. S. Whittemore.. . .515 Syndicate Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. Leicester, Mass. Wanted — A recipe for curing girl.s ('employed in scraping sec- tion honey boxes) of gouging their scraping knives into the combs. Proceedings of the New Jersey Bee-Keepers' Association Held at the Apiary of George Grover, Near Trenton, June 25th, 1913. REPORTED EV E. G. CARR, SEC, NEW KGVPT, N. J. One of the largest, if not the largest, summer meetings of the N. J. B. K. A. was held at the apiary of Geo. Grover, near Trenton, on June 2.5th, there being 63 present. The first subject discussed was the improved rubber cloth, by Dr. Cheney, of Hoboken. This is a very ingenious arrangement and was described and illustrated in GlcarJngs a short time ago. Dr. Cheney also showed a stand on which to place removed supers when manipulating hives, which while very simple in design makes it almost impossible to mash a bee on the underside of the super. The tube bee escape was next ably discussed i)y W. W. Case, of Frenchtown. This device was the subject of an article in a re- cent number of Gleanings. While primarily designed for treating foul broody colonies, this device is also ideal for transferring from anv sort of a hive or box which can be made bee-t'oht. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 357 After lunch. "Short Cuts in Finding- Queens" was discussed by S. T- String-ham. Xew York; Dr. Chenev, Hoboken, and President C. H. Root, of Red Bank. Air. Stringham's plan is to place near the hive to be manip- ulated a bottom board on which is placed a queen excluder, and over this two empty hive bodies. The colony in wdiich search is to be made for the queen is, after being gently smoked at the entrance, lifted from its bottom board and placed on top the hive bodies. The two outside frames are now removed and after making sure the queen is not on them they are placed where robbers cannot reach them. The remaining frames are spread and the bees smoked rather briskly to drive them to the bottom of the combs. The bees and queen will form a cluster on the under side of the bottom box. Now raise the hive about an inch and set it down sharply, dislodg- ing the cluster of bees. Replace the brood body on its stand and return the two combs. Smoke the bees down out of the upper hive body and remove it. Place the other brood body with the queen excluder beneath it over the colony and gently smoke the bees, and the queen will be found trying- to pass dowai through the queen excluder. Dr. Cheney's plan makes use of the queen excluder and on the under side flush with the edge is nailed a four-inch board. The hive to be manipulated is removed from its bottom board and in its stead is placed an empty hive body and on this the queen excluder so the board is outside the hive, and a three-inch space of the hive body left uncovered. On the exckuler is placed the manipulated hive, and the combs one by one taken from it and looked over for the queen and each placed in the uncovered space of the lower hive and slid along under the excluder to make room, for the next, and thus all transferred to the lower hive. President Root said all who liked that kind of sport were wel- come to it, but his plan is to keep nothing but gentle, quiet Italians, and never had any diiftculty in finding queens by "just looking" for them. The last subject was handled by President Root, and wa-; his A\'inter Case and its Advantages. This case is double-walled with two inches of packing between and telescopes over the regular dove- tailed hive, the hand hole cleats being left off to make a close fit. The th:n super cover is used over the brood nest. In connection with this case is used a double bottom bo^rd, packed, and a telescope cover also packed. Mr. Root claims for this case a profit annually of $2.00 per col- ony in lessened consumption of winter stores and extra honey gath- ered early before the cases are removed. Several new members were enrolled. 358 THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW " C! ro t- '.o to <- oc ~ c THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 359 31 — Richard D. Barclay. Philadelphia, Pa. 32— W. E. Honsel, Hampton, N. J. 33 — Jos. \V. Tonkin, Sicklerville, X, J. 34 — Jo.s. J. Wolcott, Eatontovvn, X. J. 35— Dr. H. D. Powelson, Bound Brook. N. J. 36 — L ]. Springham, Glen Cove, L. I. 37— Harold Hornor, Mt. Holly, X. J. 38—1. H. \\'ilson, Ringoes, X. J. 30— C S. Sharp, Xewark, N. J. 40— E. C. Stevenson. Burlington. X. J. 41— W. A. Selser. Philadelphia, Pa. 42— Jas. J. Keller, Glendale, L. I. 43 — Chas. Schilke, Matawan. X. J. 44 — Mrs. S. Powers, Wading River, X. J. 45 — Mrs. E. C. Stevenson, Burlington. X. J. 46— Mrs. H. D. Powelson. Bound Brook. X. J. 47- 48- 40- 50- 51- 54- -Miss -Mrs. -Mrs. -Mrs. -Mrs. X. -Wm. -Sim -E. (; Grace O'Connell. X. Y. Julius Hittel. Plaintield, X. J. B. J. Mayo, Metuchen N. J. Henry Mull, Xewark X'. J. E. E. Alexander. Red Bank, J. J. Corlett. Cliton. X. J. Bardsley, Edge Moor, Del. . Carr. X'ew Egypt, X. J, The honey crop in California as a whole is short. A few favored and lim- ited locations are having a good flow, mainly alfalfa. The low lands along the Sacramento river are perhaps the best locations this year, as well as last year, in the state. Wishing you suc- cess, I'raternally yours. Alwin L. Heim. Ontario Bee-Keepers' Association, 1913. iJcar Member: The Crop Rejjort Committee (jt the (Jiuario Bee-keepers' Association met on Tuesday, Julv "J'fnd, to consider the reports on honey crop conditions. Replies were received from .■)4o members, i)nt there were TOO other members who neglected to send a report. The work of the committee would l)e of even greater value if members were more careful in this matter. The average crop is 63 pounds per colon v. being located kirgelv in the southwestern counties. The eastern counties have practically no honey at all and much the same may be said of the northern part of old Ontar'o, and the greater part of Quebec Province. As these are usually great honey-producing sections their failure will greatly reduce the total crop. Where there is a cro]). ho\ve\er, the tiualitv is reported to l^e extra good. Ill considering the price, the: exceeding^- Iiigh price of berries and the great shortage of the apple crop are taken into account. In fact, some large sales of hone}- have alread}- been ruade at the prices named, as follows: Xo. 1. Light Extracted (wholesale") 11-T.\^ per \h. Xo. 'L Light Extracted (retail) IJi-l-'iC per lb. Xo. 1. Comb (wholesale) $2..-?5-$o.()() per doz. Xo. V. Comb (wholesale) $l.oO-$-2.00 per doz. It might be stated in explanation that these prices are f. o. b. in (ill-lb., lo-lb. and ."i-lb. tins, the former being net weight, with tlie tin thrown in. the two latter being gross weight. The difference in time and trouble filling the small tins about ecp.ializes the price. In selling to the wholesale commission merchant tlie lowest wholesale price should be asked, while the retail grocer 'should pay the highest wholesale price. The retail price to the consumer 360 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW might vary according to the quantity he takes at any one purchase, and whether he supplies h's own package. Yours very truly, D. Nolan, Newton Robinson. Wm. Couse, Streetsville. H. G. SiBBALD, Claude. P. W. HoDGETTS, Toronto. MoRLEY Pettit, Secretar}^ Guclph. Guelph, Canada, July 23rd, 1913. A subscriber sends in the following suggestions for the consid- ation of the readers of the Review : Editor Review : Have two or three suggestions to submit for your consideration. They may not be worth anything; if not, 3'ou know where the wastcbasket is. First : Woul'l it not be a good idea to publish in the Review the names of the Presidents of the Affiliated Associations, as well as the Secretaries, and in connection with the names of the Secretaries? Would it not advertise the Affiliated Association in each state a little more, give a little more stability to it, and indirectly strengthen the National as well, of which they are a part? Many bee-keepers might know the Secre- tary and not the President, or the President and not the Secretary, while some do not remember names, and it would certainly;- be information to the new members. Personally I Avould like to know who the other Affiliated Presidents are. Possibly a double column with smaller type could he used and not take up more space than now used. Second: Is there not a field and an opportunity open, for some one to make a business, with help and an up-to-date outfit, to go out and extract and remove honey from the hives, that is take off the supers, both comb and extracted, and put the honey in market- able shape, something on the line of the man with the threshing machine? Would it not have a tendency to grade the hone}^ and also make a better grade of it? Would not the producer get more out of his product, both in price and product? AVould it not be better for the consumer and the dealer to have a more uniform article? Would it not be a great help to the future National Co- operative Exchange, if a bee-keeper would write and say I have so much honey of such a grade, extracted and put up by so and so? Would it not be education.al and help wake up some of the eighteen hundred sleeping bee-keepers of Michigan, and finally would it not help to stimulate the production of honey? Would not many more bee-keepers take an interest in the subject if thc}^ could be relieved of the unpleasant feature of the removal of their product from the hives? It seems to me that there ought to be a good job for at THE BLE-KEEPERS- REVIEW 361 least one man in each state. If I had some one to extract my honey I would like it very much. Third: Ought it not to be a part of the duty of the inspectors of each state to urge in their inspection the bee-keepers whom they meet to join the Association in each state, and would it not be well for Mr. Millen in our state to devote a part of his time to that purpose? Don't suppose we could demand it, as he is in the state employ, but indirectly he could work along that line, and so add to the Association as well as the Review. National Members Having Honey for Sale. We are herewith submitting a list of memliers having honey for sale. This list only includes those who have more honey than their home market will consume. The member's name and address is under the kind of honey each has for sale. Nearly all have ex- tracted honey, and about one-third have both comb and extracted honey. This list is published free for the use of the members, and those not on the list should write this office not later than the 15th of the preceding month to get listed. As soon as a member is sold out he is requested to report, as we desire to keep the list a "live one." Szwef Clover A. J. Diebold, Seneca, 111. Alfalfa C. H. Harper, 210 Violet St., Twin Falls, Idaho. Chas. H. Hanney, Lander, Wyo. Raspberry J. N. Harris, Mancelona, Mich, ira D. Bartlett, East Jordan, Mich. F. D. Stephens, Box 383, West Branch. Mich. R. D. Vangorden, Rapid City, Mich. Amber J. Edgar Ross, Brawley, Cal. A. D. Herold, Box 186, Sonora, Cal. R. A. McKee, Velasco, Texas. Thos. Worthington, Leota Landing, Miss. F. R. Jordan, Rt. 2, Chadbourne. N. C. L. O. Brainard, Lone Rock, Wis. White Clover Irving Price, Union Citv. Mich. F. X. Arnold, Deer Plains, 111. C. H. Burrowa, Oran, N. Y. J. A. Crane, Marion, N. Y. E. E. Townsend, Fort Dodge, Iowa. F. E. Matzke, Juda, Wis. Ed Wilson, Whittemore, Mich. Wm. Vollmer, Akron. N. Y. R. S. Davey, Parish, N. Y. Byron S Hastings Rt. 5, Brookville, Ind. A. H. Guernsey, Ionia, Mich. E. H. Canfield, Carson City, Mich. Clyde Godfrey, Jonesville, Mich. John G. Wagner, Elkader, Iowa. S. C. Boyle, Bode, Iowa. E. A. Doney, Dixon, Iowa. A. S. Tedman, Weston, Mich. John Finzel, Gladwin, Mich. Frank Murray, Chase, Mich. Orville Safford, Fort Edwards, N. Y. G. M. Brewer, Medina, N. Y. C. L. Pinney, La Mars, Iowa. Frank Snyder, Anamosa, Iowa. A. S. Crotzer, Lena, 111. Sam Severson, Rt. 3, Greenwood, Wis. Rev .F. Schedtler, Rt. 7, Sumner, Iowa. Geo. A. Hyde, New Canton, 111. W. H. Pearson, Mitchellville, Iowa. John S. Coe, Boyce, Va. M. H. Lind, Baders, 111. Arthur Thayer, Rt. 2, Freeland. Mich. W. P. Turner, Peoria Heights, 111. C. J. Oldenberg, Belle Plains, Minn. Basszuood Archie Blackburn, Bruce, Wis. N. E. France, Platteville, Wis. O. Henthorn, Sylvan, Wis. Edward Hassinger, Jr., Rt. 16, Green- ville, Wis. Floyd Markham. Ypsilanti, Mich. F. E. Matzke, Juda, Wis. Frank Kittenger, Rt. 11, Franksville, Wis. 362 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Editor Review : The white clover honey season is practically over, the largest honey flow from clover we have had for years. No honey from bass- wood. We sold bee supplies in 1911 amounting to $200; in 3912 about $50 worth; in 1913 about $10 worth; so you see the bees in the farmers' hands have about all died off. In 1911, and years previous, I shipped to distant market 90% of my crop of honey. In 1912 I shipped about 10%, the rest I sold to the local trade. So you see there is practically no No. 1 honey for sale in this locality. Levi I. Greenfield. Colling, Mi.il., July 22nd, 1913. [Friend Greenfield : The condition with you is identical with that in this part of the state; no bees to speak of only in the hands of those who make a study of the business, conse- quently it is a fine time to work up a home market for your product of the hive. Do not forget that you in its t get considerably more for your honey in a retail way than if it is jobbed in a lump, for it costs money to sell one's crop in this way. — Ed.] Editor Review : Yours of the 24th of July was re- ceived some time ago. Agreeable to your request, I have weighed up sev- eral of the 60-pound cans and find them to weigh 2y2 lbs. each. I also weighed up some got from the American Can Co. and find them to weigh the same v2^ lbs.). I like the case with parti- tions between cans, as you can mail them more securely. The American Can Co. furnished them for me in 250- case lots at 57 cents per case, but asked 60 cents per case this season. We haven't got our honey all off yet, but crop will be lighter per colony than we have ever had. We have had an extra dry season in Huron county. The hay crop will run only from J4 to % tons to the acre. We expect about 20,000 pounds from 319 colonies, spring count. We never had our bees stronger at the beginning of the honey flow than they were this season. Had they been weak we would have got nothing at all. We have had only three swarms from 373 colonies worked this season. How is that for non-swarmers ( and they all three supercedure swarms) ? We found one colony with three laying queens, two clipped M'ithin three inches of each other on same comb in lower hive and one not clipped but laying in upper story. We have several colonies with two queens, but never knew one to have three laying at the same time. I have booked orders for 18,000 pounds honej^ to date; demand seems good this season. Wishing you success, I remain. Yours truly. David Running. Filiun, Mich., Aug. 11, 1913. Editor Review : Honey crop here in \'ermont will be on the whole a short one, although a few are getting fair crops. J. E. Crane, Middleburv, Vt. Aug. 13, 1913. Jonesboro, Ind., April 11th, 1913. Editors Review : The April number of the Bee-Keepers' Review is the best yet. If I could just get to you I would give you a slap on the back; but De- troit is far away^— the Editor doesn't know me, and likely never will. M\ ! what a big world this is any way. C. A. Neal. Marketing Farm Crops. It is announced that the Department of Agriculture, through its Office of Markets, will shortly begin a thorough study of what happens to produce from the time it leaves the producer until it reaches the consumer. A specialist on marketing perishable produce will in- vestigate prices received by producers, cost of transportation and storage, the change of ownership. accumulated charges, profits and other elements. Tliis specialist will then stud}' condi- tions in various sections to determine the feasibility of a market news service dealing with perishable products, and also the best method of making statis- tics of supply and demand useful to the farmer or truck gardener. Other spe- cialists will give attention to studying co-operative organizations of producers and consumers, including co-operative marketing ass(Kiations of farmers and liuyers, cd-operative stores, etc. They will make intensive studies of typical communities dealing with special prod- ucts, and will assist in the formation of new co-operative enterprises. An ex- pert on co-operative accounting will as- sist such organizations to keep their books and records effectively, establish cost systems, and follow-up methods of handling goods en route and on sale. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 363 Editor Review : Am sending you a sample of honey by mail; also honey report. Cannot give a report of 1911 and 1912, as I do not keep a record of crop. This year's crop is about the same as the two previous years. No basswood this year. Have twenty cases of clover extracted honey, two 60-pound cans to the case, that is for sale. Never had better quality of honey than this. Irving Price, Union City, Mich. Aug. 14, 1912. secured from 9c to 10c per pound for, dependent upon quality and quantity sold. We can furnish our readers with one gallon square flat top tin syrup cans with 1%" screw cap, in cases made of 175 pounds double-faced corrugated pa- per, with an outside case of the same material, thus making a case enclosed in a box to comply with the parcel post regulations, at $11.00 per hundred cans. This heft corrugated paper is the heft used in shipping by freight and express packages up to 40 pounds in weight, while our package weighs but 14 pounds, we having our cases made of dionble thickness paper on all sides, thus insuring a package that will stand the usage of the mail. These packages are intended for use in mailing a gallon of honey from the producer direct to the consumer. They can be sent inside of 150 miles for 18 cents, for they weigh but 14 pounds when filled with honey. They should be marked "Fragile," then they will not be thrown out of the car but handled as carefully as express. Those we mailed were marked at the upper left hand corner as follows : Honey — Hermetically scaled. From the Bee-Keepers' Review, Northstar, Mich. There is no change in the honey market since our last report. The clover belt has a good crop of excellent quality of honey, also there will be the usual crop of alfalfa honey. Wisconsin has about all the basswood honey there is produced this year, and this is mixed with clover but has the characteristic of the basswood. As small fruit has considerable to do with the consump- tion of honey, and is reported scarce this year, honey will likely be about the price as last year unless producers get "panick" and let go at the first offer. \Vhat we have sold thus far we have Editor Review : I don't like to both- er you by asking questions but how much had I ought to ask for good No. I comb honey on board cars at my station? I remain, yours truly, Edward Wilson. Rt. 1, Whitteniore, Mich., Aug. 1, 1913. [Member Wilson : You do not say who you propose to sell your fine clover comb honey to, so under the circum- stances will have to quote you about three different prices that we would ask for your crop of honey, dependent upon which way 3-0U sell. If you propose to sell to the grocer trade, perhaps 19c per pound in a few case-lots of this kmd would be about right this year. If you sell at retail, by the case, two or three cents more should be asked to pay for your time selling in such small (luantities. If you sell to the jobbing trade in a "lump," likely you will have to take a couple of cents less than you would get of the grocer, and perhaps pay the freight besides. Our best salesmen are getting about this price thus far this season, and likely you can do as well if you do a little "hustling."' —Ed.] Pure Cane Syrup, Direct From the Producer to the Consumer. One of our members in Alabama is a producer of Pure Cane Syrup, and will have 2,000 gallons to market in Xovember. He has consented to put this pure syrup up in gallon screw cap syrup cans, six in a wooden case, the same case as is used to case up our <)0-lb. cans of honey, and ship it direct to his brother bee-keeper, f. o. b. Mo- bile, Ala., for on.y $4.50 per case of six cans. This syrup is boiled until it reg- isters 32° Bune scale, then canned while boiling hot. There is but one way you can secure a case of this fine syrup for your f amilj- use ; that is to place your order some little time in advance, for, what is not sold before November will go to the sugar refinery. If there are any of our subscribers who would care for a case of this syrup, direct from the producer, we would be pleas- ed to book your order at the present time, then the brother south can get his cans in readiness for his November crop. National Bee-Keepers' Ass'n., Northstar, Michigan. 364 THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW Sweet Clover in Crop Rotation, In view of the fact that until within the past few years most farmers in Illinois regarded the sweet clover plant as a noxious weed, a letter on the sub- ject from Mr. W. M. Budlong, of Rock- ford, 111., will be of interest to farmers throughout the state. 'Mr. Budlong says : "Having read the farmers' institute bulletins with a great deal of interest, I know you are doing good work. There is, however, one subject which I con- sider of considerable importance which you have not mentioned, namely, the value of sweet clover in the rotation of crops. "For soil inoculation preparatory to raising alfalfa and to restore a run- down soil to a fertile state, no crop can equal sweet clover. There are many thousands of acres of land in Illinois so low in fertility that the immediate attempt to raise alfalfa or most any legume on them would be a failure, but when sown to sweet clover will yield an abundant harvest of hay, besides materially enriching the soil by its deep rooting system. "Most farmers are not aware that sweet clover hay cut several times dur- ing the season is nearly as tender and palatable as alfalfa hay. I have seen herds of cattle leave a good blue grass pasture for a sweet clover pasture. "Thomas Richolson, of Davis Junc- tion, 111., sowed sweet clover with his oats a year ago last spring, and after the oats were cut and the cattle were al- lowed access to the sweet clover in the stubble, his yield of milk doubled and the cream more than doubled, as evi- denced by his creamery receipts. This increase he said was due to the superior feeding qualities of sweet clover. His horses, which were reduced in flesh and run down from the summer's work, gained in weight remarkably fast after feeding on sweet clover. "Frank Coverdale, of Delmar, Iowa, who has 200 acres in sweet clover and has been raising it for fifteen years, found the pasture lands of Iowa would be increased fourfold in feeding value if they were seeded to sweet clover to- gether with blue grass. "In my investigations of sweet clover I find that all vegetation grows consid- erably more luxuriously when grown in close proximity to sweet clover so that their roots intermingle, as the sweet clover roots evidently supply nitrogen to other plants. "Crops following a two-year rotation, with sweet clover, will gain in yield from 25 to 50 per cent. "The tap roots of sweet clover ex- tend down into the ground several feet and when they decay they leave holes where water readily flows moistening the ground to a considerable depth. These decayed roots are at the same time a good nitrogen fertilizer. "I believe it is a mistake to try to raise alfalfa on run-down farm land. If sweet clover were grown for two years and the land then seeded to al- falfa, failure would be reduced to a minimum, as the ground would be in- oculated and enriched by so doing. "I will enumerate a number of the qualities in which sweet clover is su- perior to other legumes : "1. It will produce more hay on a given soil than red clover, alsike. or mammoth clover. ^ "2. It will grow on many soils too poor to raise alfalfa or red clover suc- cessfully. "3. It is the only clover except white clover that will stand pasturing with cattle and horses. "4. It will add more nitrogen to the soil than any other legume. "5. It will thrive with less time in the soil than most other legumes, al- though it will not grow when the soil is too acid. "6. It will not bloat stock whether fed wet or dry. "7. It has no plant disease ; and it will thrive and combat weeds or grasses at the same time. "8. In pastures during a drouth, sweet clover will keep green and grow when other clovers and grasses have practically all dried up." — H. A. Mc- Keene, Secretary Illinois Farmers' In- stitute. Newest hat for women is the "bee hive." Sometimes you will see it over a queen and there may be a few drones around. — Arkansas Gazette. We always think any hat pretty so long as our honey is in it. — Ft. Smith Times. Would you advise clipping the wings of those queens, or do you favor captur- ing them if they issue? Would it be fair to "trap" them? — Subscriber. Wife says we had better "exclude" them. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 365 Editor Review : As I was sending in an order, I thought I would give you a crop report of this part of Iowa. Fruit bloom was heavy ; white clover was never equaled here before; basswood (Linn) almost a complete failure. Sweet clover has been coming along fairly well. We had a nice rain last night that will help sweet clover and push buckwheat. Take it all around, we will get a good fair crop of honey. Fl E. TOWNSEND. Fort Dodge, Iowa. July 23, 1913. Editor Bee-Keepers' Review : I have filled out and enclose herewith blank, page 294. July number Bee-Keepers' Review. Because of the very good crop reports from some sections, I thought perhaps a few words of ex- planation might not be out of pla:e. The main source of honey is locust and clover, but weather conditions were so unusual that while there was a pro- fusion of early bloom, the bees could not take advantagge of it. From 22 colonies but one cast a swarm, and that returned to the old hive soon after it was hived, and stayed there with no attempt at swarming afterward. The farmers who keep bees in this immediate locality, as a rule, hive swarms in any old kind of box, some- times a nail keg. and then leave them to help themselves ; little or no svirplus is secured. Yours truly, C. F. BUCHER, Littlestown, Pa., Aug. 8th, 1913. Classified Department. Notices will be inserted in this depart- ment at ten cents per line. Minimum charge will be twenty-five cents. Copy should be sent early, and may be for any- thing the bee-keeper has for sale or wants to buy. Be sure and say you want your iriTertisement in this department. o HONEV AND WAX. Wanted — Glassed comb and extracted honey; also beeswax. John O. Buseman 4141 N. 7th St., Philadelphia, Pa. Wanted. — Comb, extracted honey and bees- wax. R. A. Burnett & Co., 173 So. Water St., Chicago. Wanted — 1,000 lb., or more, of pure Bees- wax, for use in our laboratory. .\ddress Vanderhoff & Co., South Bend, Ind. Honey Wanted — Send your samples, prices, quantities and how put up and packed, to Chas. Israel & Bros., 486 Canal St., New York. Established in 1875. Wanted. — White honey, both comb and ex- tracted. Write us before disposing of your crop. Hildreth & Segelken, 265 Greenwich St., New York. For Sale — 125 cases of No. 2 Clover Comb Honey, 24, 4^"xl%" sections to the case; also 130 colonies of Italian bees. W. P. Turner, Peoria Heights, 111. For Sale — Fine ripe Clover Honey in 60- pound tin cans; two cans in a case for ship- ment. Price 9c per pound f. o. b. Sample, 5c. Address C. A. Bunch. I.akeville, St. Joseph Co., Ind. For Sale — Fine ripe clover and basswood honey mixed. A fine blend in 60-pound square cans, two cans in a case. Price, 9c per pound; sample, 5c. Address C. A. Bunch, Lakeville, St. Joseph Co., Ind. We Will Pay the highest cash price for thoroughly ripened extracted honey. Write us, stating quality and quantity, with prices F. O. B. your station. Spencer Apiaries, Nordhoff, Cal. White Clover and Sweet Clover Honey Blended. Good body, and flavor delicious. 60-lb. cans @ $6.50 each; 10-lb. F. T. paiis, 6 in case, @ $7.00 per case; 5-lb. F. T. pails, 12 in case, @ $7.50 per case; i/^-lb. glass jars, 24 in case @ $2.80 per case. Sa.iple 4c. Satisfaction guaranteed or honey and money returned at my expense. Address Henry Stewart, Prophetstown, 111. BEES AND QUEENS. Bees by the pound, without comb, $1.25; Vi lb., 75c; queen, Italian, $1.00. Rosedale' Apiaries, Big Bend, La. Choice Queens from June 1st to Septem- ber 1st, $1 each; 6 for $5. D. J. Blocher, Pearl City, 111. Pedigreed Goldens — 75c each; ten for $6.50. Border City Apiaries, 1224 Garrison, Ft. Smith, Ark. Pedigreed Goldens, mated, 75c each; tested, 11.25. Border City Apiaries, 1224 Garrison, Ft. Smith, Ark. For Sale — Untested Italian Queens of Doo- little, J. P. Moore's stock, 60c each, $5.00 per dozen. No disease. Safe arrival guaranteed. E. O. Meserve, Ventura, Calif. For Sale — Mismated queens 30c each, or 4 for a dollar. This year's rearing. A limited number of tested queens at $1.00 each. Prompt service or money refunded. W. L. Lovejoy, Clarkston, Mich. For Sale — 100 fine young Italian queens, 60c each, $5.00 per dozen. Must go before Sept 20. J. H. Haughey, Berrien Springs, Mich. 366 THE BEE-KEEPERS REVIEW For Sale — 300 colonies of bees and equip- ment. Excellent location. Paying proposition. F. W. Pease, Lansing, Iowa. A LIMITED NUMBER of Leather Coloied Italian queens. The kind that gets the honey. Send for prices. Geo. B. Howe, Black River, N. Y. Hardy Northern reared Queens of Moore's strain of Italians. Untested, $1.00 each; $5.00 for 6; $9.00 for 12. P. B. Ramer, Harmony, Minn. For Sale — 12 swarms of black bees in modern 8 and 10 frame hives, at only $3.00 per swarm if taken soon. Address W. L. LovEjOY, Clarkston, Mich. It is Your Right when buying Queens to demand a pedigree. We send a pedigree with each order for Queens. Boreer City Apia- ries, 1224 Garrison, Ft. Smith, Ark. Queens by return mail. Tested, $1.00 each; untested, 75c; $7.00 per doz. Three-band Italians only. No disease, and satisfaction guaranteed. J. N. K. Shaw & Co., Lorean- ville. La. (Iberia, Pa.) Walker's strain of red clover Queens can be had in August and September for $1.00 each, $4.50 for 6, $S.00 for 12. For larger lots write to Curd Walker, Queen Breeder, Jellico, Tenn., Route 1, Bo.x IS. For Sale — 50 colonies bees in 10-frame dove- tailed hive; reversible bottom board; Colorado covers; wired Hoffman frames. All combs straight and in good shape. $4.00 per colony, f. o. b. E.' H. Canfield, Carson City, Mich. For Sale — 40 colonies of Brown Italian bees, in factory-made 10-frame dovetailed hives, with improved reversible bottom boards. No disease. Also have 3,000 pounds white clover xtracted honey for sale. A. J. Diebold, .ieneca. 111. Quirin's Famous Improved Italian Queens, nuclei, colonies and bees by the pound, ready in May. Our stock is northern-bred and hardy; five yards wintered on summer stands in 1908 and 1909 without a single loss. For prices send for circular. Quirin-the-Queen- Breeder, Bellevue, Ohio. Carniola.m Queens — These queens are bred from the best imported strains. If any queens should be impurely mated we will replace them free of cost. Price, Untested, one, $1.00; six, $5.00; twelve, $9.00. Tested, one, $1.50; six, $8.00; twelve, $15.00. Address Wm. Kernan, Rt. 2, Dushore, Pa. For Sale — Carniolan Queens. These queens are bred from best imported strains. If any queens prove impurely mated w'e will replace them free of cost. Prices for balance of sea- son: untested, one, 75c; six, $4.25; twelve, $8.00. Tested, one, $1.00; six, $5.50; twelve, $10.00. Address all orders to Wm. Kernan, Rt. 2, Dushore, Pa. Golden and Three Banded Italian, also gray Carniolan queens. Tested, $1.00 each.- 3 or more, 90c each. Untested, 75c each: 3 to 6, 70c each; 6 or more, 65c each. Beef per pound $1.25; nuclei per frame $1.50. I discount on orders booked 30 days before shipment. Bankston & Lyon, Box 64, Buf falo, Leon County, Texas. Three-Banded Italian Queens and Bees. Untested queen, 75c each; six, $4.25; twelve, $8.00. Tested, $1.25 each; six, $7.00; twelve, $12.00. For select queens add 25c each to the above prices. Nuclei without aueens, 1-frame, $1.50; 2-frame, $2.50; 3-frame, $3.00. 1 lb. Bees, $1.50, Yi lb. $1.00. Add price of queen wanted with bees. Robert B. Spicer, Whar- ton, N. T. For Sale — Guaranteed purely mated three- banded Italian queens. Four points of super- iority are: gentle, prolific, extra good honey makers, and last but not least, good winterers. J. E. Hand strain. State inspector's certifi- cate. Oueens by return mail or your money back. Untested, one, 80c; six, $4; 12, $8; 25, $15. Address J. M. Gingrich, Rt. 3, Arthur, 111. Thanking my many friends for their liberal patronage, I will extend the present prices of my famous Moore strain of 3-banded Italian Queens to Oct. 1st, and then, on account of other business, I shall be obliged to stop for this season. Do not serd me any orders for queens after that date. Prices: Untested, 75c, 10 for $6.50; tested, 90c, 10 for $7.50. Queens now go by express and cannot accept orders for less than si.x queens to one address. H. D. MuRRY, Mathis, Texas. Italian Queens, bred in Southern Michi- gan; just far enough north to have superior winterers for all northern states and Canada. Bees by pound and half pound. My free de- scriptive list tells it all. Untested, 75c; select tested, $1.50. My goldens are bred up from imported 3-band stock to start with. CGentle) select golden untested, $1.00. See list. Plans "How to Introduce Queens," 15c; "How to Increase," 15c; both, 25c. E. E. Mott, Glenwood, Mich. MZSCEIiIiANEOTTS. Bee Supplies for sale. Joseph M. Elsbree, Waverly, N. Y. For Sale — Bee-Keepers' supplies, honey and bees. Write for price circular. A. E. Bur- dick, Sunnyside, Wash. Want to Send You our catalog and price list of beehives and fixtures. They are nice and cheap. White Mfg. Co., Greenville, Tex. For Sale — One Daisy Foundation Fastener; one Swarm Catcher; one Root Section Press, cheap. TosKPH M. Elsbree, Waverly, N. Y. LEWIS HIVES ARE BUILT LIKE FURNITURE ARE PERFECT IN ALL RESPECTS Send for Annnal Catalog which will tell you who is your nearest Distriboter. G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 367 Suburban Home near National Capital for sale; 4 acres, modern 6-room house, $3,100. A. Wheeler, West Falls Church, Virginia. Seed Wheat — Best I ever raised. Free from smut, rye and cockle. Red Wave beardless, $1.50 per bushel. John Roebling, Route 4, Cincinnati, Ohio. For Sale — One new Defiance Check Pro- tector, $15. Sell for $10 cash. Twenty Little Wonder Bingham Smokers at the exceedingly low price of 45c each, or three for $1.20. The smokers can go by parcel post by in- ;luding postage, for tv.'o pounds each. Mrs. W. Z. Hutchinson, 1122 Detroit St., Flint, Mich. For Sale. — Two dozen mailing cases, bot- tles and corks, for mailing samples of honey, sold to members for an even dollar. They weigh three pounds and are packed to go by parcel post. Your postmaster can tell you how much to include for postage from Lowell, Mass. Larger quantities at correspondingly less price to go by freight or express. Say how many you can use. Address The Bee- Keepers' Review, Northstar, Michigan. Those wanting to try those gallon packages to mail direct to their cus- tomers should order them early, as we anticipate a large demand for them. Shipped from Detroit, Mich., at $11.00 per 100, crated, 50 in a crate, to go by freight. Address Nation.\l Bee-Keepers' Assn., Northstar, Mich. ITALIAN QUEENS Beginners' outfits and other supplies. Send for list. Address ALISO APIARY CO., Glendale, California. Famous Queens direct from Italy Bees more beautiful, more gentle, more industrious, long tongued. The best honey-gatherers. Universal IDxposition St. Louis U. S. A. 1904. The highest atvards! Extra Breeding Queens $3; select $2, fertilized $1.50. Write ANTHONY BIAGGI, Pedevilla, near Bellinzona, Italian Switzerland. Meniber of the National Beekeepers' Association. Please in writing mention Review. WANTED NEW CROP HONEY New York and Pennsylvania COMB Especially Write us ; state style of sec- tion, quantity, quality, when ready for shipment, etc. Will buy or handle on commission. HILDRETH & SEGELKEN 265 - 267 Greenwich St. New York City, N. Y. W.H.Laws Will be ready to take care of your Queen orders, whether large or small, the coming season. Twenty-five years of careful breeding brings Laws' Queens above the usual standard; better let us book your orders now. Tested Queens in March; untested, after April 1st. About 50 first-class breeding queens ready at any date. Prices: Tested, $1.25; 5 for $5.00; Breed- ers, each $5.00. Address W. H. Laws, Beeville, Texas New Crop White Sweet Clover Seed for Sale. The National will again furnish their members with that tine seed of the white variety of sweet clover that we furnished a year ago from Colorado. This is the variety that furnishes such large crops of sweet clover honey in the West. The same member who fur- nished it a year ago will furnish it again this year, and we have made ar- rangements so we can furnish it at a 30 DISTRIBUTING HOUSES FOR LEWIS BEEWARE Send for Annaal Catalog which will tell yoa who is yoar nearest Distribater. G. B. Lewi* Company, Watertown, Wis. 368 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW lesj price than last year, when we had to get 15c per pound for it. Notice this year's prices : 10 pounds to 99 pounds at 123/2C per pound; 100 pounds or more, $11.00 per 100 pounds. This price is f. o. b. in Colorado. Order a quantity lot and have it shipped by tre:ght to save transportation charges. Let us book your order for delivery as soon as the crop is harvested, for our stock is limited and those who wait will not likely get seed. Sweet clover is more and more being recognized as a forage crop for stock and as a fertilizer of the soil to bring up worn-out land. The bee-keeper- farmer can "kill two birds with one stone" by producing a crop of hay and securing a crop of honey at the same time. Get your neighbors into the "habit," also, of raising sweet clover. You cannot "go wrong" by buying a few hundred pounds of this seed and sow it this fall or early spring. Re- member that our stock of this seed is limited, and if you are too late in or- dering, "we told you so." Address National Bee-Keepers' Ass'n, Northstar, Michigan. NATIONAL WRITING PAPER AND ENVELOPES FOR MEMBERS. Containing Member's Name and Ad- dress, Also Return Card on Upper Left Corner of Envelope. , These letter heads, as formerly fur- nished, contain the names of the ofifi- cers and directors of the National and their postofifice address, etc. j Use printed letter heads and do busi- Iness like business men when selling your crop of honey next fall. The National, by buying in large quantities, are able to quote 200 sheets of paper, Si^xll, at $1.00; 200 envel- opes, 35^x61^, at $1.00. Kindly enclose extra for postage on three pounds to go by parcel post from Owosso, Mich- igan. Address all orders to The Bee-Keepers' Review NORTH STAR, MICHIGAN. BOOKS ON PRACTICAL By Post- BEE CULTURE. mail. age. A B C and X Y Z of Bee Culture, cloth $2.00 $0.30 A B C and X Y Z of Bee Culture, half leather 2.75 .30 ABC and X Y Z of Bee Culture, German ed 2.50 .20 A B C de L'Apiculture, French ed. 2.00 .20 Advanced Bee Culture, W. Z. Hutchinson 1.00 .10 Biggie Bee Book 50 British Bee-keepers' Guide-book, Cowan 1.00 .05 Cook's Manual of the Apiary 1.15 .15 Doolittle's Queen-rearing 75 .05 Fifty Years Among the Bees, C. C. Miller 1.00 .10 First Lessons in Bee-keeping 50 Honey-bee, The — Cowan 1.00 .05 How to Keep Bees — Mrs. Comstock 1.00 .10 Humble Bee, The— F. W. L. Sladen 3.25 Irish Bee Guide, Rev. J. G. Digges 1.00 .05 Langstroth, rev. by Dadant, cloth.. 1.25 .15 Modern Bee-farm, S. Simmins 2.00 .15 Practical Bee Guide 1.00 Quinby's New Bee-keeping 1.00 .10 Wax Craft 1.00 Increase Forcing the Queen to Lay; each 25 .02 French edition, separate 50 .02 POPULAR BOOKS ON BEE CULTURE. Bee People, The, Margaret W. Morley $1.50 $0.10 Children's Story of the Bee 2.00 Honey-makers, The, Margaret W. Morley 1.50 .10 Life of the Bee, Maeterlinck 1.40 .10 Bee Master of Warrilow, The — Edwards 57 .07 Lore of the Honey Bee 2.00 Oueenie 75 Bee Models. .. .each 50c; 2 for 75c Ten-cent Library Booklets 10 Gleanings Library ..50c each, 3 for $1, 5 for $1.50 RURAL BOOKS. A B C of Carp Culture $0.30 $0.05 A B C of Potato Culture, paper 57 .07 A B C of Potato Culture, cloth 85 .07 A B C of Strawberry Culture, paper .50 .05 A B C of Strawberry Culture, cloth .75 .05 Tomato Culture 40 .05 Tile Drainage, W. I. Chamberlain.. .40 .05 Maple Sugar and the Sugar-bush, paper 30 .05 Winter Care of Horses and Cattle, paper 30 .05 How to Keep Well 1.00 Our Farming 75 The Dollar Hen 1.00 What to Do, paper 50 What to Do. cloth 75 Celery for Profit 27 A B C of Carp Culture 25 Address All Orders THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW, Northstar, Michigan. When sending in your renewal for the REVIEW, kindly ask your neighbor bee-keeper to subscribe with you. THE BEEWARE BRAND MEANS SUCCESS send for Annual CaUlog which wUlteU . , _ n « n y" * "* y'"' nesreit Diitribnter. INSURANCE G. B. LewU Company, Watertown, Wu. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 369 Queens of Moore's Strain of Italians PRODtCK ^YORKERS With honey nice and quick. That fill the supers quick They have won a world-wide reputation for honey-gatherinfc, hardiness, gentleness, etc. Un- tested queens, $1; six, $5; 12, $9. Select untested, $1.25; six, $6; 12. $11. I now have 750- nuclei and am filling- orders by return mail. Safe arrival and satisfaction guar- anteed. Circular free. J. P. MOORE, Queen-breeder, Route I , Morgan, Ky. The Canadian Horticulturist and Bcc-Kccpcr The Only Bee Publication in Canada It is the official organ of the On- tario Bee-Keeper's' Association, and has incorporated with it the former Canadian Bee Journal. Bee-Keeping and Horticulture in its various branches are effectively combined to form a live, attractive, and practical monthly magazine. Well illustrated and up-to-date. Subscription price, postpaid — Canada — $1.00 a year. United States, $1.25 a year. Foreign, $1.50 a year. Sample Copy sent free on request. The Horticultural Publish- ing Co., Limited Peterboro, Ont., Can. Choice Italian Queens FROM Hardy Industrious Stock Quiet to handle. Good comb-build- ers and white cappers. Great to with- stand the cold winters of Maine. Two yards wintered in 1912-1913 without loosing a colony. Nothing but selected stock used for breeding. Try them and be convinced. Guaranteed free from disease. Untested, each $ .75 Select untested, each 1.00 Tested, each 1.25 Select Tested, each 1.50 Extra Tested, each 2,00 Good Breeders, each $5.00 up A. J. Seavey Route A"o. 2, Farmington, Maine Caucasian Queens and Partridge Pea Honey \TEAR the close of the season I will have some Caucasian Queens for sale at $1.00 each. My crop of Florida Partridge Pea Honey is now ready and for sale, packed in 24-lb. ship- ping cases, 8 cases to carrier, $19.20 per carrier, f.o.b. Florida. J. J. WILDER Cordele, Ga. 370 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW CELLAR WINTERING A long article on this subject is to appear in the American Bee Journal, begininng with the August, 1913, number, and continuing through September. It is written by Dr. C. C. Miller himself a Cellar Winterer Dr. Miller gives the results of his experiences and experi- ments, with comments on the same, in a manner mteresting and instructive to all. The October number of the same journal will contain criticisms of the article by Dr. E. F. Phillips of the Government Department, with Dr. Miller's replies. The Editor of the American Bee Journal, Mr. C. P. Dadant, is in Europe for a few months investigating the different races of bees., etc., there. Read what he has to say in the coming numbers. Subscribe to the American Bee Journal now. Only $1.00 a year (Postage 10c extra to Canada, 25c to Foreign Countries per year). American Bee Journal, Hamilton, Illinois Send for Our Prices on BEESWAX We are paying higher prices than ever before at this Season. WHY? Because of the tremendous demand for Dadant's Foundation Write at once. We will quote prices F. O. B. here or F. O. B. your station. DADANT & SONS HAMILTON, ILL. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 371 Am NoTc Shiiiping: Untested Queens from My ^UPP|_|£;^ Celebrated Pedigreed Strain I carry an up-to-date line. New Eng- land Distributor of ROOT'S celebrated Bee-Keepers' Supplies. ITALIAN BEES and QUEENS in their season. My de- scriptive catalogs tells you all about tliese things, and Is sent free upon request. EARL M. NICHOLS, Lyonsville, Massachusetts. My bees are the pro- duct of many years of breeding by both SWARTHMORE and HENRY ALLEY. Beth names stand out lilce beacon lights among our past and present breeders, for the best queens ever produced in the United States. Never had foul brood. ^Swarthmorco rj^ STvarthmore Apiaries, S^vartlimore, Pa. A Boyum Foundation Fastener is just what you want. Price postpaid only $1.75 And a Boyum Section Press Price postpaid only $1.00. Both postpaid for $2.50 Manufactured by THE BOYUM APICULTURAL CO., Rushford. Minn. The Roller Entrance is Doing the Act ! No Qaeens to Clip. Satisfaction and 150 lbs. to 200 lbs. per Colony, if the ROLLER ENTRANCE Bottom Board is Used. PRICE: $2.00 F.O.B., for Eight Frame Hive. Liver- pool. N. Y. $2.50 F. O. B., for Ten-Frame Hive. Liverpool, N.Y. DR. CHARLES G. SCHAMU, Liverpool, N. Y. 372 THE BEE-KEEPERS* REVIEW ORGANIZED CO-OPERATION ADVANCEMENT THE WESTERN HONEY BEE A new Magazine owned and run by the California State Bee-Keepers' Association. Extensive crop reports from the whole country. Hear what the Bee Men say that figure their honey by the car load. ADVERTISERS Write for prices. Money spent with us brings business. Issued the first day of each month. $1 a year. Business Office, 3497 Eagle St. GEO. L. EMERSON, Los Angeles, Cal. Manager ATTENTION! Very important to all bee-keepers all over the world and who desire to improve their native or mixed strains of bees! The direct exportation from Carniola of the Gray-Banded Alpine Bee to all parts of the world, which until now was conducted by the Imperial Royal Agricul- tural Association of Carniola, in the future will manage on his own account. JOHAmT STRGAR, "Wittnach, P. O. Wocheiner Peistritz, Upper-Carniola (Krain), Austria. Owner of 58 honors awarded to him at diverse Agricultural Exhibitions for his pchievements as a breeder of the best strain of Carniolans and producer of agricul- tural products. All Queens taken from full colonies, and not over one year old. Mailed post- age free. Dead select tested queens will be replaced if returned in 24 hours after arrival, except if they arrive in such a state in South-America and Australia. Dead select untested queens not replaced, except if sent to European countries. Safe arrival of nuclei and hives not guaranteed, (except if shipped to European countries.) Orders of this kind must accompany freight expenses. The safest transport of stock is in Carniolan box-hives; after arrival, or later, the combs can be cut out to fit any frame. Prices of select tested Queens: March, April. May, $5.00; June, July, Aug. Sept., October, $3.50. Select untested queens: June. July. August $2.00. Carniolan box-hives with 4-5 pounds of bees, .select tested queen, hrood, honey, $7.00; loco R. R. Station, AVocheiner Feistritz. White English for complete price list and new Booklet (which will be mailed free of postage) under ahove address. Make Your Own Hives Bee Keepers will save money by Power using our Foot SAWS in making their hives, sections and boxes. Machine on trial. Send for Catalogue W. F. & JNO. BARNES CO. 384 Ruby Street, Rockford. Illinois. prT TOP NOTCH PRICES nV UlI for your honey DI USING LEWIS SECTIONS AND SHIPPING CASES Send for Annual Catalog which will tell yoa who is yonr nearest Distribnter. G. B. Lewis Company, Watertown, Wis. I THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 373 Honey! Honey! Honey! Members having more Honey than they have sale for will kindly mail a liberal sample to this office, stating- quantity you have, style of package, and the price you have been getting for it during the last two years. This price you mention need not necessarily be the price it will sell for this season. l)ut will give me a key to go by in establishing a price for this year. If you have a car load of honey, or you and your neighbors can club together and make up a car between you, this would be the proper thing to do, as a considerable reduction in freight can be saved by shipping in car lots over local ship- ments. Honey Buyers! Honey Buyers! Those wanting to buy honey in car lots or less, kindly write your wants to this office, stat'ng kind and quantity 3'OU can use. We can furnish Raspberry and Alfalfa in car lots, and likely Clover and Sage. Write your wants and we will see that they are supplied if possible. Address National Bee -Keepers' Association Northstar, Michigan 374 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Do \)ou produce Beeswax? Do you use Comb Foundation? If you do both, why not ship your wax to a comb foundation manufacturer, and get it worked into foundation? This is much the better way than sell your wax and buy your foundation. The NATIONAL has made arrangements with most of the comb foundation manu- facturers, to do work for the members. The scheme is this: the member will ship his wax to the foundation manufacturer he prefers, prepaying the freight, then send the bill to the Review office, with instruc- tions as to what heft and kind of founda- tion is wanted; knowing this, we can tell you just what it will cost you to get it made. In this way we expect to make a little profat toward making the Review bet- ter, and incidentally, save the member some money. Interested members write for the scheme, saying how much wax you have. The Beekeepers' Review Xcrlh.star. 31iih. Extract your honey with a National Gasoline Engine Either Air or Hopper Cooled One of the Best Known Engines on the Market at a Popular Price Al}4 Horse-Power Engine $32.50 CO-OPERATIVE For descriptive circular and particulars address National Bee -Keepers* Ass^n Northstar, Michigan The Queen Jar Is one of the finest jars made, and we can furnish it in four different sizes, either with Tin or Glass screw cap. Prices ore as follows: Price Per Gross TIN CAPS 2 doz. Crates Boxes 2< lb. Jar $3.20 $3.70 12-13 oz. Jar 3.30 3.80 Pound Jar 3.35 3.80 17-oz. Jar ...... 3.55 4.05 GLASS CAPS 2 doz Crates Boxes $3.G0 3.70 3.75 3.95 $4.10 4.20 4.25 4.45 For Sale by National Bee-Keepers' Association NORTHSTAR, MICHIGAN. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 375 Glass Honey Jars I'oiiiul Jjir. No. SO Tall :-:$ lb. Jar. ffrrfiTfl No. :$."> TiinibliT !Shni> lb. Can ! lb. Can i lb. Pail $.5.00 i 11). Pail .K-^.-) ) lb. Pail r.OO I lb. Pail 7.25 Per 100 Lots of 100 $2.2o 2.75 3.00 4.75 5.00 6.50 6.75 Per 100 Lots of 500 $2.15 2.60 2.85 4.50 4.75 6.25 6.50 Per ]()()(» Lots of 1000 $20.00 24.00 28.00 42.50 45.00 60.00 62.50 Above Cans and Pails in wooden re-sh gollan square cans, will cost as follows: 24 cans in a case, 2 lb. Cans 24 cans in a case, 2^4 lb. Cans 12 ]iails in a case, 5 11). Pails (! pails in a case. 10 lb. Pails The above containers arc known, as 'T')i itics. ipping; cases, same as $0.00 per case 71 per case 65 per case 49 per case ickets" in some local- Address all orders to The National Bee - Keepers' Association Northstar, Michigan Tin Honey Containers of Quality, for National Members Of standard size and guaranteed to be the best to be had at any price. Specifications of tfie 60-lb, Can. Five-gallon Square, Round-Cor- nered Cans, 9Ys" square by 13^" high, with wire handle, paneled sides and 1 %'' Cork- lined Screw Cap. Above cans crated 50 cans in a crate, 20c each. Above cans cased singly with case having ^" ends and ^" sides, tops and bottoms, 33c each. Above Cans cased in pairs with case having ^" end and Ys' sides, tops and bottoms 60c each Above Cans cased in pairs as above, in lots of 250 or more cases . $57 per 1 00 cases Above Cans m car lots of 900 to 1,000 cases. .$56 per 100 cases The above 5-gallon cans with 8" screw cap, add 1 Ic per case of two cans. Add 5c for cans cased singly, if wanted with 8" screw cap. One gallon square round-cornered flat top s\)rup cans, with screTv caps. The finest can in the world to sell honey direct to the consumer in, and we have had the manufacturers make us some wooden re-shipping cases, the same as those on the regular 60-lb. honey cans, so they will go by freight the same as the larger cans. Above gallon cans in wooden case, 6 cans in a case . . 60c per case 1 0 cans m a case 95c per case We quote them in crates of 50, at $7.00 per hundred cans. Address all orders to National Bee-Keepers* Association, NORTHSTAR, MICHIGAN ROOT'S -^T-sr=^ Power Honey Extradlors Our new catalog is full of information about these labor-sgiVing machines. With the difficulty of getting competent help, the power extractors are being sold largely in this and foreign countries, and the present demand is iar^ greater than ever before. Read what a California producer says in a letter to a distinterested party, which we are permitted to see and publish : Gentlemen — I should like to say a few words in favor of the ball-bearing Root Auto- matic Extractor, as I believe it is as near perfection as can be. This machine runs so easy that a few turns to get it up to speed is all that is necessary; and the men, while using the No. 17, which I formerly had, could average only 1,000 lbs. per day, while with this machine they can average 2,000 lbs. with but one additional man. No apiary can afford to be without one of these machines. I feel like congratulating the A. I. Root Co. for making an invention that is such a satisfaction, and financially to the honey-producers' interests, . . Elk Grove, Cal. r -■ B. B. Hog.'VBOqm. HERE ARE A FEW MORE. A word about the power extractor I purchased from you through H. L. Jones, of Goddna. I found it to work very satisfactorily, and it will do all it is claimed to do and more. I use the gasoline engine for several purposes besides driving the eight-frame extrac- tor, such as driving the washing machine for the lady of the house, and corn cracking and grinding. I consider it one of the best speculations I made in connection with the apiary. Pittsworth, Queensland. ' F. C. Golder. Yours of the 16th, also the brake-band for power extractor, came to hand. Thanks for sending it .'■d promptly. This is my second season with the power extractor. I would not be without it now, even if I had only fifty colonies. David Rxjnning. Grindstone City, Mich., July 19, 1910. I received the extractor I ordered of you some time ago. It arrived in good shape. I set it up and extracted 143 quarts of honey, and sold it at 35c a quart. The extractor is just fine — does the work completely. F. D. King. Athens, Ohio, Aug. 16, 1912. The engine I got of you this spring has done fine. We ran it all fall and never had any trouble at all. - V. V. Dexter. North Yakima, Wash., Jan. 18, 1911. For full particulars see our new catalog. The A. I. Root Company, Medina, Ohio BRANCH OFFICES. New York, 139-141 Franklin St. ( liicago, ^l.'^-Cni Institute Place. Philadelphia, 8-10 Vine St. ])cs .Moines, .'■>ii."i W. Seventh St. St. Paul, 1024 Mississippi St. Syracuse, 1G31 Genesee St. Washington, 1100 Maryland Ave., S. W. Mechanics Falls, Me. A FEW AGENTS HANDLING THESE GOODS. California Madary's Planing Mill, Fresno and Elk Grove " Mandary's Supply Co., Eos Angeles Colorado Barteldes Seed Co., Denver Indiana Walter S. Pouder, Indianapolis Michigan M. H. Hunt & Son, Lafising Missouri Blaiike Mfg. & Supply Co., St. Louis John Nebel & Son Supply Co., High Hill New Mexico Roswell Seed Co., Roswell Ohio S. J. Griggs Co., Toledo " C. H. W. Weber & Co., Cincinnati Texas Texas Seed & Floral Co., Dallas " Toepperwein & Mayfield Co., San Antonio The A. I. Root Company Medina, Ohio THE CHAS. F, MAY CO.. PHINTCRS, DETROIT, MIC^ Published MonthJt[ i4A,^-!?-'4 '-V,'4A,'-V'-V^-' OCT. 1913 NORTHSTAR, MICHIGAN ^ ONE DOLUR PER YEAR .lLD es'^'^nr' ' ' iOODS re made right in the timber country, and we have the best facilities for shipping; DIRECT, QUICK and LOW RATES. Sections are made of the best young basswood timber, and per- fect. Hives and Shipping Cases are dandies. Ask for our catalogue of sup- plies free. MARSHFIELD MFG. CO. Marshfield, Wis. Our Very Best is THE Very Best. Best Sections Best Shipping Cases and Dealer in Best Bee Supplies We make a specialty of manufac- turing Best Sections. They are the FINEST in the land, none better. When you once buy Lotz Sections you will want no other. Now is the time to buy and have them when the honey flow is on. Prompt shipments. Our bee supply cata- logue for the asking. Aug. Lotz & Co. Boyd, Wis. DITTMER'S FOUNDATION Is the COMB FOUNDATION made to SUIT THE HONEY BEES. It's the COMB FOUNDA- TION that helps produce the FULL CAPACITY HONEY CROP. It's the COMB FOUNDA- TION to give vour HONEY BEES. Ask for more information, also prices and FALL DISCOUNT on all BEE SUPPLIES. GUS. DITTMER CO. Augusta, Wis. PAGE-KENKEL MFG. CO. MANUFACTURERS of tbe "NONE BETTER" Bee - Keepers' Supplies THIRTY YEARS EXPERIENCE Perfect sections from young, white, basswood. White Pine Hives and Supers, Excellent Shipping Cases, Brood Frames, Separators, etc. We invite your correspondence. (Bee Hive )Page-Kenkel Mfg. Co. New London, Wis. (ESTABLISHED 1888) OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE NATIONAL BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION AND ITS AFFILIATED ASSOCIATIONS E. D. TOWXSEND, Managing Editor, Nortiistar, Mich. WESLEY FOSTER, Assistant Editor, Boulder, Colo. Entered as second-class matter, July 7, 1911, at the post ofRcc at Detroit, Michigan, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Terms* — $1.00 a year to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Hawaiian Islands, Porto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Shanghai, China. To all other countries the rate is $1.24. DlHcontinuancrs — Unless a re(|ucst is received to the contrary, the subscription will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. At the time a subscription expires a notice will be sent, and a subscriber wishing the subscription continued, who will renew later, should send a request to that effect. Advertising rates on application. Forms clo.sc 20tli of each month. MANAGING OFFICE. NORTHSTAR, MICHIGAN DETROIT OFFICE, 214 HAMMOND B L DC . VOL. XXVI. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, OCTOBER 1, 1913 No. 10 Are your bees well supplied with winter .stores? Have they 2-) or 30 pounds of nicely sealed, rich, ripe, ropey stores, preferably that £^athered early in the season, to winter on? Ours have, and I will tell you how we manage to secure this condition, then each one during the leisure of winter prepare for another season. Very simple! Just provide a shallow set of extracting- supers for each swarm and give them to the bees at the opening of the clover flow, and there you arc! To start the bees to work nicely above and dis- courage swarming as much as possible, the first super given is one of those containing our regular extracting combs. As the bees need more room, one of those shallow sets containing frames filled with full sets of foundation is placed under the full one. As our supers are all above queen excluders, those supers of winter stores are sealed solid full of this ripe early honey. Do }-ou suppose we "lay awake nights" during winter, wondering if some swarm that has worked for us so faithfully during summer were getting short of stores? Guess not. We know they have enough to last them when each swarm has one of these 25-lb. supers of honey above their reg- ular amount in the hive below. How do you feel about yo^c bees? Are they well supplied with winter stores? If not, why not? Get "busy." The time is now short when you can feed liquid feed. 378 THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW Notice to Advertisers and Correspondents. We find it impossible to get out the Rrvikw on time and close our forms the SSth of the preceding month, so hereafter the forms will close the 20th of the month preceding date of publication. Cor- respondence to appear in the following number must reach this office not later than the 10th of the month preceding publication. If our friends will co-operate with us along these lines, it will be greatly appreciated at this offtce. Tlic Johnson Milk Co., Battle Creek, Mich., produce both milk and honey. They also have a milk route in the cltv where they deliver milk daily to their customers. In connection with the de- livery of their milk, honey is sold. The nice feature of this milk- honey route business is that they use their regular pint and quart milk bottles to deliver their honey the same as milk, the bottles be- ing emptied the same as for milk and picked up the next trip. The reader may or may not have a milk route. If not, he may be in a location where he can interest some one who has, and in this way dispose of his honey. For several reasons we have decided that hereafter we will have our extracting combs cleaned of any honey they may contain after extracting, during the fall. If these combs were to be put back on the swarms as soon as extracted, the bees would clean them and store the honey right back into the combs being cleaned. Our combs will be put back on the hives this month (October) and cleaned, a la Guernsey. During October, as the brood hatches from the broodnest, instinct provides that the bees carry in from the out- side combs enough honey to fill every available cell that previously contained brood, said removed honey being left unsealed, read\- for immediate use during winter. Taking advantage of this trait of the bee, we will set our wet- with-honey extracting combs on the hives at this time, expecting them to be cleaned dry, and the honey they contain carried into their "winter nest." Where no disease has ever been among oui' bees, and they are located where they will not annoy neighbor?, combs can be cleaned by spacing them a bee-space apart, then criss-crossing the upper stories, one above the other, out of doors. One day will usually clean the entire bunch of extracting combs at a yard. After be '^t cleaned they should be carried back into the honey house, still spaced, and piled up, one above the other, and covered away from mice and dirt. THE BEE-KEEPERS" REVIEW 379 We cannot help wondering- why it is that so many will and are anxious to dispose of their bees during the fall months, even at a sacrifice, and then how few there are in spring tliat will sell at any price. Wonder if some of you who are writing me that you have bees for sale would be glad next spring if you do not find a buyer ? If bee-keepers could realize what surplus honey is lost each year by bees being "scrimpt" of stores to breed up in s]M-ing, the writer predicts that their surplus would be doubled. Now is the time to invest a little capital where it y/\\\ bring in a large dividend. I'ced your colonies so you know they have 25 or 30 pounds winter and spring stores. You will notice that we are now listing (i-pound and l'?-pound F. T. pails in re-shipping cases of 12 (J-pound pails and G 12-pound pails, the same as other sizes. For those who never used Friction 'Fop pails for honey, would say that they hold just what they are marked of ordinary honey in pounds. The 3-pound is a lull quart size, the 6-pound is a full half gallon, and the 12-pound is a full gallon size. The square gallon syruj) can with screw cap will hold 12 pounds of good honey, but may not hold quite that amoimt of ordinary honey. X'ote — the 6-pound and the 12-i)ound pails are shipped from Detroit, Mich., as the American Can Co. do not make that size. Your attention is especially called to the account of the sweet clover picnic at the home of Frank Coverdale in Clinton County, Iowa, in another part of the Rkvievv. This account, appearing in the Breeders' Gazette, is but one of four articles on sweet clover ap- pearing in the Gazette in two weeks. There is not a farmer but what is getting inf<:)rmation on sweet clover if he reads his farm papers. Sweet clover and alfalfa are going to be included in the crop rotation methods of all American farmers within a very short time. Joseph E. Wing is talking sweet clover and alfalfa at every opportunity, and Prof. liolden, the corn expert, is talking alfalfa as much as corn. Alfalfa honey will soon be produced in quantities, no doubt, in the east. It probably will not furnish the nectar it does in the west, but you just watch the dry knolls that are seeded to alfalfa, where it can keep its feet well up out of the ^vater, and then a dry spell come on fcr two or three weeks. I would expect to see alfalfa furnishing nectar under these conditions if the drought is not too severe. — W. T. 380 THE BEE-KEEPERS- REVIEW The New Tariff. Under the new tariff, just passed, the following ma}', or may not affect our business: Honey that used to be protected by 20c per gallon, now has but 10c per gallon tariff. Bees, and we under- stand beeswax, go on the free list. The removal ot the duty on honey will have no effect on the price of table honey, but may have a tendency to lower the price on baker stock, and this not anywhere near 10c per gallon, as one would be led to believe on first thought. The price of beeswax may be some easier, but no material falling off in price may be looked for. Foreign wax is not as good as our domestic, and foundation makers are a little "shy" about using it, only to blend in a little with our own production. On account of distance, necessitating heavy transportation charges, bees on the free list will make no difference in price, except in case of breeding stock, and this is usually acquired by buying queens, instead of bees. We take this opportunity to thank our many friends for their encouraging and friendly letters that we have received during the four months that we have been managing editor of tlie ReviI';w. We also feel that there is an apology due tne friends for the short and seemingly uninteresting answers we were compelled to write on account of an enormous amount of work ^t this office. When it is known that this office receives from ^0 to 50 letters daily, and that they ^ all are handled by myself without a stenographer, you can imagine there is not much time to write long answers to those friendly letters, which we regret very much. If you have neglected feeding your bees the necessary stores to last them over winter, you can still do it if you act at once. There is likely no better feeder for this late feeding than the one described a year ago in the Review by J\Ir. David Running, Filion, Mich., and illustrated on another page. At this date in the north the weather is so cold it will be better to feed from the bottom, rather than place the feeder on top as usual. Enough excelsior should be placed in the feeder to reach from the bottom of the feeder and crowd up against the bottom-bars of the hive being fed. Arranged this way the bees will form a cluster from the hive down to the syrup, and will take feed when it is so cold thcy would not touch feed in the feeder if it were placed on top the frames as usually practiced. For feeding after this date the syrup should be made rather heavy body; two sugars to one water is about right. When we used to "fuss" with feeders, we used to weigh both sugar and water. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW 381 A correspondent writes that Lesley, the man who lias a habit of orilcring- from one to three cases of lioney, then for::;etling- to pay for it, is operating from the east tliis year, under another name. Why will producers ship their honc\- t.; entire strang-ers without reference? If you do not Icnow your man. demand reference, or ship to your order. In the latter case, if the lionev is not accepted and ])aid for by the one who orders, you will be out only the freight. Just as long as there arc tliosc who will ship promiscuously to any one ordering, just so long' those fellows will be in th.e field. Do not get "bit" this year, but know your man before shipping. GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE Management of Three Thousand Colonies Bees in Fifty Yards By J. J. WILDER, Cordele, Ga. "^^ HE liives 1 formerly used and from which 1 wished to trans- W 7 f'"r bees now were of a]:)out the s;ime dimensimis as a regular dove-tailed hive, except they were some deeper. This of course made transferring simple and easy. iVs the irames in the old hives were not easy to remove, they were left in their hive and the prepared S-frame dove-tailed bodies with frames wired and full sheets of foundation were set on top the old hive just as they were with covers removed. \\'here\er there was an opening left between the stories, small strips of wood were laid ovei them. This made all two-story hives and was done as soon as spring-time set in. At the time of transferring, bodies were also set upon the ten colonies in dove-tailed hives. As soon as the honey flow was on, the most of the colonies went into the top stories and began drawing out foundation. As the season advanced more went above until nearly all had removed their broodnest above into the new body. There were eight or ten upper stories that the bees ignored, and about as many more that the queen did not use. I wanted to see if more queens would not enter the upper stories, but the bees filled them with honey instead and swanued. Those natural swarms increased the number of col- onies to 11