ah Wha iti L ‘ Oba ' ehy ! Ha a i) 8 Hy o ht nm iy M 1 Sonata ie int Bi ily ‘ Mealy hye! Pay t ert 4 Ay Py As ue | ett i Haat W} |’ aeeeen Tata! i-tatvain ie ee Lia asts ht f; : ui esd Asada da aha PE ARG Tha aAtbevet htt mili Hs aye aT ee UTR trite Pave V i ty ti) k ante es at, bidet }) Sd be r 4 BEY Wirt ; eh Cet iol yt {itn Wes i: ‘ FOR THE PE GREE FOR EDVCATION FOR SCIENCE LIBRARY OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY “ baie = eS “it AT BIRD - NOTES. ° \0 ° °o % on 550° THE JOURNAL OF THE FOREIGN BIRD CLUB, FOR THE STUDY OF ALL SPECIES OF BIRDS IN FREEDOM AND CAPTIVITY. So YO VOLUME V.—NEW SERIES. oo “ By mutual confidence and mutual aid, Great deeds are done and great discoveries made.” EDITED BY WESLEY T. PAGE, F.Z.55 M.B:N.HS., AUTHOR or “ AVIARIES AND AVIARY LIFE,” ETC, ASHBOURNE: J. H. Hensrock, Tur“ Avran Press,” MARKET Puace. 1914. bt ay + | \ ViWA Wart TERIA 4 MUSEUM KROUKB A | i |? YNOC SUE VARA fou: : é f a } 27848 M e — poy o aft pe - > c :.e e \ 1 Contents. ii, IS 664 9° Snoh 2 Contents. Title Page Contents Alphabetical List of Contributors List of Plates ‘ List of Illustrations in Text Errata Magazine ‘ . Index, Vitles of Articles . Inset. Genera and Species English Names of Birds Inset Page d. di. 407 412 : 2 428 Precedes Inset. Pink Pages. iv. Index to Contributors. Index to Contributors. The asterisk (*) is affixed to those contributions which appear Correspondence. AMsLER, Dr. MAvRICE. *Results, 1913 31. *Results, 1914, 377. Three Common Species of Parrot Finches, 354-7. List of Species Capable of Wintering Out of Doors, 358. Batty, WM. SHORE. *Hybrid Quail, 31-2. Birds on Buena Vista Lake, S. Cal., 51, 79. Greenfinch Sikhim Siskin Hybrids, 216. Breeding of Alexandrine Parrakects, 217. Breeding of Sulphury Seed-eater, 264. Nesting of Black Seed-Finch, 265. “Ar Interesting Nest, 280. Journey Across the Sicrras, 298, 317, 366, 391. Nesting of Dwarf and Abyssinian Weavers, 305. BAINBRIDGE, W. A. A Fascinating Bird, 22-5. *Hybrid Mannikins, 32. Bringing Home Foreign Pirds, 243. Pin-tailed Parrot Finch, 389. 3ALDELLI, LA ConrussA GurLttA TomMMASTI *Handrearing of Swifts, 102. Bonnick, Mrs. ALINe. *An Unusual Nesting Site, 172. Boyp, Mrs. Mary. *Silverbill Hybrids, ete., 140. *Sucecessful Rearing of Combasou, 338. 3RooK, KE. J. Birds Seen During a Trip to the West Indies, 385. CARTWRIGHT, Mrs. E. *Handrearing Black-cheeked Lovebirds, 314, 337. CHAWNER, Miss Ernen F. *Hybrids, 402. *Tri-coloured Parrot-Finch, 402. Drwsk, Dovuacuas, I.C.S., F.Z.S. An April Morning in Northern India, 191, iM Index to Contributors. EprroriaL, The Magazine, 28, 278. The Foreign Bird Club, 29. Red-breasted Flycatcher, 61. Errata, 104, 169, 172, 212, 278. Streaky-headed Grosbeak, 137. Humming Birds in Europe, 138, 170. Weavers, 148. Secret of Keeping Gouldian Finches, 152. Nesting Notes, 171, 205, 245, 276, 281. Rare Arrivals, 172. The Club Dinner, 211. Bringing Home Foreign Birds, 245. eM TC .H. and ©. Aviaries, 247, 376. Fertile Hybrids, 248. Hybrids, 248. Mr. A. Ezra’s Birds, 248. A Small Aviary, 272. Zoo Notes, 276. Sikhim Siskin, 278. An Enquiry, 278. Genus Brotogerys, 278. Silky Cowbird, 280. Red-collared Lorikeets, 314. Recent Arrivals, Birds of Paradise, etc., 346. Nesting Results, 374. L.C.B.A. Show, 1914, 404. Report, 405. Exus, E. F. M. The Old and the New, 76 Ezra, A. The Great Niltava, 33-4. FREELAND, G. ScorT. *Aviary Notes—1914, 314. GARDINER, Mrs. STANLEY. A Small Aviary and Its Inmates, 271. Guioyrns, H. P. *Homing Instinct of Birds, 102. Gopry, E. Breeding Results in My Aviaries (France), 43-4. GooDCHILD, J. Breeding of Orange-cheeked Waxbill, 269. GoRRINGE, Rev. R. E. P. Starting an Aviary, 45-8. *Some Notes on Birds of Brit. Solomon Islands, 208, Vv. Index to Contributors. Gipiom Js, IMIR CAS, Post Mortem Reports, 32, 63, 103, 211, 381, 406. Post Mortem Reports (Pink Inset), 18, 35, 41, 55, 68. HARTLEY, Mrs. EB. A. *Is the Cuckoo Less Common ?, 207. Hawkt, THe Hon. Mary C. Where There’s a Will There’s a Way, 275. Henstocsn, J. H. *An Harly Bird, 32. Houuins, B. British Bird Calendar, 31, 174. Hopkinson, E., D.S.O., Hire. *Heat for Ailing Birds, 312. JouHNSON, MAgor F. *Fieldfare Missel Thrush Hybrids, 279. JoHNnsoN, Miss L. Srurton. *An Extraordinary Accident, 403. *Accidents to Wild Birds, 403. LovELL-Knays, Dr. L., F.Z.S. Value of Heat for Ailing Birds, 20. Black-faced Waxbill, 107. An Effective Mouse-Trap, 111. Secret of Keeping Gouldian Finches, 117, 151. Speckled Conure, 143. Sex Distinction in Rosella Parrakeets, 170, 199. Nesting of Blue Sugar-Birds, 225. *An interesting Observation, 280. Aviculture In The Days of Ancient Rome, 326. Breeding of All-Green Parrakeets, and Cactus Conures, 347. Lucas, Miss EF. R., and Dr. N. S. The First Year of a Sussex Aviary, 394. MEAKIN, H. The Silverbill, 84. Minisum, O. Blue Budgerigars, 25. British Bird Calendar, 30. Sir W. Ingram’s Birds of Paradise at Little Tobago, 355, 371. Pagn, Wesuny T., F.Z.S. L.C.B.A. Show, 1913, 1-17 Re Himalayan Siskin, 27-8. The Large Niltava, 33-5. L.P.O.S. Show, 1914, 97. Black-faced Waxbills, 105. Index to Contributors. vi. An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries, 152, 175, 229, 249, 2, eel0), Bilal), Jackson’s Whydah in Captivity, 195. The Black Tanager, 282. A Sunbird’s Aviary 283. Parrot Finches, 315-7, 350-3, 387-9. Recent Arrivals, Birds of Paradise, ete., 346. Parerson, Ray. J. M. The Breeding of Mealworms, 57. Breeding of Hooded Siskins, 267. Breeding of Cross-bred Goldfinches, 267. *Breeding Results, 1914, 279 PuRRHAU, Mason G. A., F.Z.S Birds In and About The Station, 259. Purnip, Miss D. E. British Bird Calendar, 30. PoLTiIMoRE, Lorp. Birds Bred At Poltimore Park Aviaries, 17-22, 48-50. Breeding of Hybrid Bengalese x Bib Finch, 114. ‘Breeding of Plumed Ground Dove, 125. © Qunicry, R. S. DE Q. Rufous-bellied Niltava, 115. *Aviary Notes, 1913, 141. Secret of Keeping Gouldian Finches, 149. Raynor, Ruv. G. H., M. A. British Bird Calendar, 173. Breeding Mealy Rosellas, 218. *Moths at Ivy Blossom, 339. REnvye, Cart. J. SHERARD, F.Z.S. British Bird Calendar, 207. Nuthatches, 273. REVIEWER, THE Glimpses of Indian Birds—Dewar, 99. Species Which Have Reared Young, and Hybrids which Have Been Bred In Capevaty ESE 136. Bird Life—Reid, 406. Birds of the Indian Hills—Dewar, 406. Rogers, W. T. Club Meetings at British Museum, 59. The Club Dinner, 209. Scort, B. H: Aviaries at Hamildean, Ipswich, 65. British Bird Calendar, 173, - wei. Index to Contributors. Simpson, R. HE. *The Homing Instinct, 338. SMITH, J. *Breeding Results, 1913, 140. SMyTH, Miss ALFREDA B. “Hybrid Bulbuls, 403. Rearing of Hybrid Bulbuls, 302. SPRANKLING, E. *Re Breeding Blue Budgerigars, 62. SUG, G Tye 3ritish Bird Calendar, 30-1. Tavistock, THE MARQUIS OF. Some Experiences of Cockatoos, 185, 219, 254, 286, 322. *Nesting Notes from Woburn Abbey, 279. TomuiInson, M. R. British Bird Calendar, 30. *A Rare Visitor, 32. WADDELL, Miss E. G. R. PEDDIE. *Nesting of Red-collared Lorikcets, 313. WHIk, J. British Bird Calendar, 31, 207. WeETHEY, Mrs. R. E. My Aviary and Birds, 110. WHISTLER, Hucu, 1.P., M.B.O.U. Some Punjab River Birds, 35, 68. *The Red-breasted Flycatcher, 60. Birds of Jhelum District, 88, 126, 160, 199, 235, 307, 339, Bit, Bet. A Hawking Episode, 123. Rufous-bellied Niltava, 213. WILLIAMS, SIDNEY, F.Z.S. Ducorps’ Cockatoo, 73. My Weavers and Whydahs, 145, 214, 266. Heron versus Eel Duel, 370. NCA Index to Plates. VD. Index to Plates. *Denotes Coloured Plates. Opposite pags Sikhim Siskin, Red-flanked Bush Robin, and White-breasted King- fisher TAC eR Melodie eee ae Tite TOMS DCL? The Indian Fire-cap or Flame-fronted Flower-pecker ........... 4 White-cappel Tanacer (Siephanophorus le cocrepha'us) ....6. 0. vee *The Large Nitava (Niltava grandis) Nest anc Eggs of Indian River Tern BAG AY Goma oran a Necteand gessot Little Indian Pratincole) 2.\0..0 20-2 --> on: wy St PRS eG Tek, eer wey CS LY oO 9 Poling amic the Tules al The Tules SA Ke SOR ass DO B. Hamilton Scott's ‘Avianyy No: a) Pacis Der Soe Ode Soo cide Geos MECC CNe me OL) Baila ion Scotts AuwanyvaiNOre demrerncsrersasre sera cte reece 3 OO Ducorps’ Cockatoo (Ca-atua ducorpst) : ee) A Hunter’s Camp at Buena Vista Lake caving. fipans Brena io shipment o winsdaivlelgh scaulel deaeseeueee ae i = voll Immature Lugger Haleon (Falco Wide ), isha Hawk Q a Aiast plumage (Astur badius), Shahin Faleon—a bird of the year—(F. babylnicus), and Aduit Peregrine Falcon (Ff. percgrinus ) ee pI EA eee etme de «= OZ eBlack-taced Waxbill | (Hisiilda sexytirOnOld)) wae cn recs ge LOD Mnseonvicthexws Aviary ——as atc first qicem eset: Gada scresmacedteracc.. LLO NTS CULE YAS mA Ia Ty=—ASUTIOW. erevus: dee cetaceans -coiack-tpleserdmeepedee ccs Ld dt *The Red-spotted Conure (Conurus ora) sie Sees sai teeta LAB Weavers’ Nests constructed in Mr. S. Williams’ Astnas lepieniacnencs LAB Ninel eapetssiG@anden “Aviary: (occes ru ca pourier ides cs ee Lad Nest of Indian Wrea-Warbler te 166 iaemole tem lovellKeaysn A Vidrles! maces cece ceeeeecre Lt: DrewovellioKeays: Pinch Aviary—No 3.0 oistce ce cscs cee sector cee eee LUE ecm Vewnor the, Binch Aviary—=NOn Ble... -ccee necro osscee es LO Dr. Lovell-Keays’ Parrakeet Aviary—No. 6. .............02-.6--.--. 180 Jackson’s (Drooping-tailed) Whylah . BSkists aca LS) Frontal and Dorsal View of Saker Waleon (Ratco: Area (Giay): 201 Rufous-bellied Niltava Bae Bignomaea COOc MITE EN Nest and Eggs of Geesafinch:. wa bEelaan Siskin eR nt nee ge ING The Banjo Nest-Box Rees SD, BoCrESa AN OBEO SEDiECD CHORE Re mere ee sird’s Eye View of a portion of Me Havenstreet Aviaries ......... 233 esi of Purple Sun-Bird ee caies : Jide cae seates aU) ‘ Edwin. *— Australian Marbled Owl Whniee:. 0c opellatay (Ot eee ees 249 3inks .”—Brazilian Scops Owl (sp. inecert.) .......... 251 © Rikki-Tikki.”—Fernando Eagle Owl (Bubo pocnsis) oar itera. ando Po Ste G-nuaob Gee Se Soemcd con Dee Be ene aec RO ORM Rn erm) Nest of Sulphury Seed- ‘Rater (Sern SUIPRUTGtUs)) Vas nese ee OA Nest of Black Seed-Finch (Melopyrrha nigra) ...... 2.0... ce. eseuee ees 264 Nesimolmblack=headedm@mWeaverm tes eaesaecos sn cee acs cenees eoueneeeces DOL Mr. A. Ezra’s Sunbirds’ JANE Boab. cibeccod eth: Oe MODEM Gea ROC OE coe R CRO x. Illustrations in Tezxt. A General View of the Aviaries.—Poltimore Park 294 One of the Aviaries at Poltimore Park. Pees Oarastas oo The Haunt of the Water-fowl.—Poltimore Park 298 Nest of S'tagra luteola 305 Nest of Hyphantorn’s ay s nicus - 305 Nest oi Indian Golden O_:0e (Oriolus pagal Ton, 309 *Parrot Finches (Hryth+:/a) See eer on horane odt-cdo.oco bil 3) The “Tejon ‘Pass—The Siewras: ca. caees cre osredo snc Ge thse een MCC CEM a The Chapparal Country : 318 Plan ot the Bird-House at Gite Sebi wcmache nen narcme nee 328 A Paix of La Baronne le Clement de Taintegnies’ Aviaries ...... 330 A Pair of La Baronne le Clement de Taintegnies’ Aviaries ...... 331 La Baronne le Clement de Taintegneis’ Large Aviary 332 Plan of Mr. Sprankling’s New Aviaries 35 A Family Party of All-Green Parrakeets 347 Two of Mr. Shore-Baily’s Aviaries. Paes ook eee woo Sh! Nests of Hybrid Weaver, B!ack-fronted eaves “in Golden Weaver 3553 Lake Elizabeth—S. California 36s Heron-and Eel. A disastrous capture ........ PR eaoiscc x0) Humming Birds —1 Ruby Crest CGieouies S$ mos iar 2 The Amaziis o& and Q (Amazilia feliciae), 3 Prevost’s Mango o and & (Lamporn’s prevost). 383 A House on the Coast Range BOL ===6 Illustrations in Text. Giant Whydah .......... 10 Queen A ae ine toni(aye iors siete aiiieng 474 sinis olnlgycles’ slalajgebeloouekeis cats etek eae el EK F.M. Elms aay gieneis wale BNE elle aie and eee eee eS Ee eee eee Head of a ‘rm Blossom-headed Parrakeet 95 Diagrams of Mouse Trap ee: 3 Heroine of the Story 122 Plumed Ground Doves i aats Dosen eee ees eee LENO Diagrams of Underside of Wing— Specie (Parbakest Semeeraneeomrat. LOO Elevation—Major F. Johnson’s Aviaries 229 Ground Plan—Major F. Johnson’s Aviaries 230 Ground Plan—Mr. Shore Baily’s Aviaries 361 Mr. Haggie’s Aviary 364 Errata. £1. Errata. Page 14, line 3 from bottom, for ‘ Phologolthraupis” read Phlogolth- 45, S)2h. 138, 146, Ny, 250, 276, 320, 344, 346, 381, raupis . line 6 from top, for “maco” read macao. line 18 from bottom, for “ leucoryphus” read lcucocoryphus. line 18 from top, for “ Sulampis”’ read HEulampis. line 23 from top, for “ Plocepasser” read Ploceipasser. in title, for ‘ Depranoplectes”’ read Drepanoplectes, also on page 266, line 17. lines 12 and 25 from top, for “ nigricollis,” read nigrigenis. line 4 from bottom, for “ gymnopthalma,” read gymnophthalma. line 15 from top, for “ peopuiquius,” read propinquus. line 18 from top, for “ Syphertis,” read Sypheotis. line 10 from bottom, for “ novae-guinea,” read Pitta novae- guineae. line 8 from top, for “ Butastin” read Butastur. ae as Po e Crary ’ 7 “ an j t ‘ %S ‘ ad aia 7 J 7 i] a oT a) ay | "7. a t y , . 4 a eT ia Og ‘ \ + 4 i, # i ? . BrrD Norv Avian Press Process. 1. Sikhim Siskin. 2. Red-flanked Bush Robin. 3. White-breasted Kinefisher. All rights reserved. JANUARY, 1914. BIRD NOTES: gee yy eee JOURNAL OF THE FOREIGN BIRD CLUB The L.C.B.A. Show. By Wustny T. Pacr, F.Z.S., Ec. (Continued from page 384, Vol. IV.) I am not following classification sequence in these notes, as in this portion, the birds figured on our frontispiece must have the precedence. Rep-FLnaAnkep Busa-Ropin (lanthia rufilata): Jerdon in the “Birds of India” tersely sums up the genus Janthia &s consisting of birds, the males of which are blue above and more or less rufous beneath; p!'umage soft, silky and lax but copious; very nearly allied to the true Robins (Frithacus), only © differing in their more delicate make, longer wings, toes and claws, and, the sexes differing in colouring. They are all foresters and shy; insectivorous, but have been observed to eat pulpy berries. Mr. Ezra’s beautiful specimen of this species, which adorns our frontispiece, aptly illustrates the above—it could well be described as a slender and graceful Blue Robin. Tt was confiding and steady, though not, at present as tight as it will be later. Its ‘beauty cannot be done justice to in a word picture and even the artist would have a difficult task to do full justice to it in colour. The plumage is soft and silky, and the harmony perfect, so softly does one hue grade into another. Description: Male. Above rich prussian-blue; helow, varying! depths of pale ashy-brown; forehead, broad streak above the eye, median wing-coverts, rump and upper tail-coverts glistening ultra- marine-blue; lores, ear-coverts, eye-region, and tail black, the outer webs of the latter strongly suffused with blue; chin, throat, middle of breast, middle of abdomen and under tail-coverts white: flanks bright rufous-chestnut; ‘bill dusky horn-colour; legs dark brown; irides deep brown. ‘Total length 52 inches, of which the tail measures over 2}, Female: Olive-brown above, with the wing feathers pretty generally margined with rufous-brown, tawny-brown below, fulvous on the breast, eye streak, small shoulder-patch, rump, upper tail-coverts and margins of outer webs of tail-feathers blue, tinged with greenish 9 The L.C.B.A. Show. on the rump; middle of throat, middle of abdomen, and under tail coverts white; flanks rufous-chestnut. : This exquisite species, which is called the White- breasted Blue Wood-Chat by Jerdon, ranges over the Hima- layas, Central and Northern Asia, China and Japan. From Jerdon and Oates I gather that it keeps to the forests, per- ches low on small trees and brushwood; feeds on the ground, on various insects, and is met with onthe bridle paths and roads, while so engaged; some pulpy berries are also taken but they are almost exclusively insectivorous. Jn India the nestin/g season is May and June; the nest is constructed with moss and grass and is placed in a hole in a bark or under a tree-root, and other similar positions: the clutch is four and the eggs are very pale greenish-white, sparsely spotted with rufous at the larger end. THu WaHivre-BreastED KINGFISHER (Halcyon fuses [smyrnensis] Sykes). In continuation of my note on page 382 of last issue, also in view of Mr. Goodchild’s drawing and the interesting character of Mr. Townsend’s exhibit, I am adding a full description and some notes of its wild life, the latter by the aid of Jerdon’s “ Birds of India.” This species is very common and well known in most parts of India, and is found throughout the whole peninsula and Ceylon up to the base of the Himalayas, extending east- wards to China. While it is not found in thick forests, it prefers wooaea districts and such places as the neighbourhood of large villages and cantonments, banks of rivers, and brooks, edges of tanks; it is also not uncommonly found quite away from water, in groves of trees, gardens, open jungle, etc., perching upon trees, poles, walls, old buildings and other similar positions; in such situations it watches for such prey as land-crabs, mice, grasshoppers, etc., upon which it pounces, returning to its perch to devour it. It is stated to build its nest on ‘the bank of a nullah, hole in a bank, and holes in decaying trees. The clutch is variable, two to seven round fleshy-white eggs. Description: The head, face, sides of head and body, abdomen and under tail-coverts rich mahogany-brown; scapulars and inner secondaries greenish-blue; back, rump and upper tail-coverts glisten- ing caerulean-blue, wings chestnut-brown, median coverts black; The L.0.B.A. Show. 3 greater coverts and winglet dull blue; quills ‘blue tipped with black ; chin, throat, middle of the neck, breast and abdomen silky white; tail blue, centre feathers tinged with green; ‘bill bright coral-red; feet vermilion; irides rich brown. ‘Total length 10%in., tail 3. Tun Sixknim Siskin (Chrysomitris tibetana) : Speci- men of this interesting species, which was first introduced to English aviculture by Mr. Frost, I think, about three years ago, when collecting in India for E. J. Brook, Esq. A good pair was exhibited by Mr. J. C. W. Meadows, which secured recognition (5th), being in good form and really attractive and beautiful birds. Description: Male. Above, olive green, the back and mantle streaked with black with a greenish tinge; streaks above and below the eye, chin, throat, and ‘breast bright yellow; abdomen and under tail-coverts duller yellow; sides of body yellowish-green streaked with brown; ear-coverts and moustachial streaks olive-green; lesser and median wing-coverts, olive-green; greater wing-coverts brown, tipped and margined with yellow; quills, brown, outer-webs margined with olive-green; beak, light horn-co'our; legs and feet flesh-colour, dusky in parts. ‘Total length 4tin., tail 18in. Female: Somewhat similar, but with the whole of the plumage more or less streaked with brown and the yellow areas much paler than the male, but her head and neck almost as bright and dist tinctly marked as his, This fine species, which must be counted among the more handsome chrysomitriae, is found at Sikhim at high elevations, on the borders of Tibet. It is a most desirable species for aviculturists, as are all the Siskins. THE Brown-EARED ButBuLt (Hemixus flavala). This beautiful and rare species exhibited by Major B. Horsbrugh, is another example of beautiful and soft gradation, yet withal its plumage is contrasty and striking, as the following descrip- tion indicates: Male: Above dark ashy-grey, with the crown dusky-grey and margined with lighter grey; wings and tail dusky; upper tail coverts and ‘basal half of tail-feathers suffused with olive-green; the greaiti wing-coverts and flights have the outer webs broadly margined with bright igreenish-yellow; loresand a streak from bage of lower mandible to ear-coverts black; ear-coverts soft silky brown-grey; chin, throat, centre of abdomen and vent white; breast, sides of neck and flanks soft, pale ashy; beak black: legs and feet plumbeous; irides deep rufous-brown, Total length 81 inches, tail 34, Space will only permit me to state that the de- meanour of this specimen and another I have met at the Zoo, 4 The L.C.B.A. Show. indicate that in captivity they soon become tame and confid- ing; it is a bird of character, and is altogether charming, either as a cage or aviary pet. The bird at the show fre- quently uttered its loud, mellow warbling notes. The feathers of the crown are long and pointed, forming a handsome crest. Jerdon states that it associates in small parties and feeds both on berries and insects. Distribution: Quoting Oates in Fauna of Brit. India— it frequents the pine forests cf the Salween district in Tenas- serim at 3,000 feet, and the Karen Hills east of Toungngoo. fram 2,000 to 4,000 feet. Tur Large Nizttava (Niltava grandis): Mr. Ezra’s unique specimen was in grand form and very steady, but as we are figuring it in colour in the course of this volume, it must suffice to state that it is large for a Niltava, about the size of a small Starling (total length 8} inches) and a bird of the Himalayas mostly purp!ish-blue, with numerous patches of glistening cobalt-blue, and the ch‘n, throat and upper breast black. (HE Rev-TAILED Minuta (Minla igneotincta). wr ae te Ge - = BrrRD NOTES. From Life. White-capped Tanager (Stephanophorus leucocephalus). The L.C.B.A. Show. 5 edged with dusky-yellow; sides of face, throat, and breast rich golden- yellow, remainder of under plumage paler and duller yellow; beak leaden horn-colour, legs and feet dark brownish-grey; irides deep brown, ‘Total length din., tail barely 1). The female is somewhat similar to the male, but rather more dusky and has no red on her head and chin. Oates states (Fauna of British India), that they breed in Aprii and May, and build a nest of fine grass in a hole in a tree stump usually at a low elevation. Tore Cuinian or Gays Finca (Phrygilus gayi): This handsome and rare Finch, another exhibit of Mr. Ezra’s, was rather hardly treated. It is a beautiful harmony of old gold and bright grey, and a most shapely bird. The female is similar to the male but the hues of her plumage not anything like so bright as those of the male. TH Wairn-cApepED TAnAceEeR (Stephanophorus leucoce- phalus): Though known to aviculture for many years, very iew of this beautiful species have been imported and such as have appeared have usually been long-lived. Mr. 8S. M. Townsend had one which was over 15 years old, I think, when it died and one lived at the Zoo for twenty years! A trug, pair would be the glory of any garden aviary—who will be the fortunate one to obtain them ? Description. Blue, brighter on the rump and sides of face, wing-coverts and marg.ns of wing feathers blue; crown and nape silky-white, fronted by a small crimson vertical crest; forehead (fea- thers short and erect), lores and chin black; beak dark horn-colour, the lower mandible much paler than upper; feet brown; irides ruddy- brown, Total length 7in., tail 33. So far as I can judge irom the few individuals that have come under my notice I deduce that not only is it hardy, but that it would be safe as part of a mixed series in a garden aviary. It is easy to cater for it, as it takes all kinds of fruit, that is in season, insectile mixture and live insects. It is a bird of grace, dignity, and character; as well as great beauty and not a bird to pass lightly by when the opportunity arises to acquire it—it is a summer visitor to Argentina and [I cull the following from Sclater and Hudson’s “ Birds of Argentina.” “It makes its appearance in the spring in the woods bordering “on the Plata River, and is usually seen singly or in pairs. The nest “is built in a tree ten or twelve feet from the ground, and is some- 6 The L.C.B.A. Show. “what shallow and lined with soft dry grass. The female lays four “eggs, white and spotted with red. During incubation the male sits “concealed in the thick foliage close by, amusing itself by the hour “with singing, its performance consisting: of chattering disconnected “notes, uttered in so low a tone as to make one fancy that the bird “is trying to recall some melody it has forgotten, or endeavouring to “construct a new one by jerking out a variety of sounds at random. “The bird never gets beyond this unsatisfactory stage, however, and “must be admired for its beauty alone.”’ One fain would linger, but space forbids. It is also known as the White-crowned Tanager, while Azara gave it the euphonistic title of ‘“ Blue White-headed Beautiful.” This specimen was in faultless condition, and exhibited by Miss M. Bousfield. YucaTan JAy (Cissolopha yucatanica). Major Hors- brugh recently privateiy imported some Yucatan birds, and among them five of this species, two of which have passed into the possession of Mr. H. D. Astley. Major Horsbrugh kindly invited me to Tandridge Manor to see the birds and his water-towl. Owing to a misunderstanding and not having time to look the species up, an error crept into my note on page 380 of December issue, and this paragraph is intended to supersede that note. It is a rare and beautitul species, new to the show-bench; not only the one exhibited but the others were uncannily tame, having been hand-reared, and when approached, opened their beaks and called lustily for food—they knew no tear and had no objection to being handled —they were not yet in full mature piumage though fast ap- proaching same, the blue areas will be much more intense a little later. Adult plumage: Bill, whole of the head and underparts glossy black; back, wings, rump, tail-coverts and tail, rich shining biue; eyelids, legs and feet orange-yellow. A handsome but mischievous pet. LEVAILLANTS Parrov (Poeocephalus robustus). This was the only species of psirraci new to the bench and was very hardly treated. It is impossible for me to fully describe it in a short paragraph and space will not permit more, there- fore I will merely quote from a recent letter of Mr. Raynor's concerning it, as follows :— “P. robustus closely resembles P. fuscicollis (Brown-headed Parrot), “but is larger. It has a fearsome ‘beak, and at present is uncomfort- “ably shy. Although it has moulted with me, its larger body feathers “are rather ragged. The Zoo does not just now possess a representa- The L.C.B.A. Show. 7 “tive of this species, which, like its congeners is a native of West ~ Africa,” I need not add to this but must pass on. I see Punch has immortalised Mr. Hill’s centenarian Cockatoo by a poem in their last issue; instead of making any personal comment on the bird, I am reprinting their ode here, with apologies to the Proprietors of Punch: TO A CENTENARIAN COCKATOO. (Reprinted from Puncu, December 24, 1913). Creature of mystery, above whose head More than a hundred years, I’m told have sped, Strange Bird, who should by every right be dead. Yet seem to all appearance just as well As when your dam, with forest-splitting yell, Proclaimed you issuing from your native shell. I wonder, when you muse upon the lot That brought you to this age of heav’n knows what, If you congratulate yourself or not. Great are your blessings. You can still digest Trifles like nuts and matches with the best; You still retain a lively interest In the vain plumage you so much approve; And—inwardly—I grieve to say, you move Still in the same unalterable groove. Your gift of speech does not advance with age; It is not guarded, apposite or sage; You have one joke, to lure within your cage. Some kindly finger, and, with sudden beak Transfix that member till its owner squeak; As manners this is poor, as humour, weak. Far from that alien country in whose trees Your wilding brothers had their little sprees, Here you have sojourned in superior ease. You did not share with them the daily risk, That keeps the faculties agog and brisk., Of passing to oblivion in a whisk, And oft, no doubt, in this your easy state You chuckle at the grim and tragic fate. That must have caught those others, soon or late. Yet these your kin, however rough their lives, Had active times and multitudinous wives; While you, the sole relation that survives— It never has been yours in Spring’ to screech A mad love-music, not in human speech But in the language love alone can teach, 8 The L.C.B.A. Show. The flamelike crest that you so proudly raise, Though you have flaunted it these myriad days, Has ne’er been lifted for a female’s praise. The plumes that you have preened and kept so neat You have but tended for your own conceit Not for the winning of some dearer sweet. Musings like these may possibly have stirred Your inmost soul—although it seems absurd, They ‘being suited to a younger bird. Still, even with the old are moments when Such feelings touch them—lightly—now and then; Though you for all I know may be a hen. Dum-Dum. I must perforce call a halt here, as this issue could easily be filled with notes of the many beautiful species staged by members of the F.B.C., for, as already stated in my opening remarks, over eighty per cent. of the foreign bird entries were from our members and I must congratulate them on the many beautiful and unique specimens they possess, also on the con- dition they keep them in. I must now pass on to the res- pective classes, as the briefest review with awards must occupy considerable space. Mr. F. Finn judged classes: 169 to-176, and \irswor Seth Smith the remainder; some of the placings occasioned much criticism. 169. CockaToos AND Macaws (4): Nothing new was staged, but the four exhibits were all well put down and in good plumage. 1 and 4, C. Roehl, Leadbeater’s and Small Sulphur-crested Cockatoos; 2, S. Williams, Ducorps’ Cockatoo; 3, Mrs. Newmarsh, Red and Yellow Macaw. 170. Grey AnD Amazon Parrots (9): The most uncommon bird here was Salvin’s Amazon, but this individual was not as tight in plumage as it might have been; the majority of the exhibits were Blue-fronted Amazons, and it was interesting to note the variability of plumage with this species, no two being alike and the extremes looking as if they belonged to some other species. Nearly the whole were in excellent plumage. 1, J. Schliter, Grey Parrot; 2, Mrs. E. Johnston, Blue- fronted Amazon; 3 Rev. G. H. Raynor, Grey Parrot; 4, Mrs. R. Lupton, Blue-front; 5, L. M. Wade, Salvin’s Amazon; 6, Vipend, Blue-front; 7, Rapson, Grey Parrot. 171. Lovepirps AnD BroTocrerys (10): An inter- The L.C.B.A. Show. 9 esting class of Lovebirds and the smaller Parrakeets, but all the exhibits had not the full com> ement of claws and some not fully clear of the moult. 1, 4 and 5, Miss A. B. Smyth, White-wingel Parrakee*, Red- faced Lovebirds and Tui Parrakeets, a nice trio, in good form, but the lasi named with cut wing; 2, Miss Clave, grand pair of Peach- faced Lovebirds, but feet not perfect; 3, S. Beaty, perfect Black- faced Lovebirds; 6, Col. Routh, and 7, J. Schiilter; other Black-faced Lovebirds. Blue-winged and Madagascar Lovebirds also staged. 172. A.O.S. Parrots (6): The writer found it diffi- cult to understand the placings here or from what base they were made. Mr. Raynor’s rare Aubry’s and unique Levail- lant’s Parrots having to be content with 4th and 5th respect- ively! The latter a first appearance. 1, 4 and 5, Rev. G. H. Raynor, Red-venied Parrot, perfect and very rich colour, Aubry’s Parrot, perfect and rare, Levaillant’s Parrot (new to shows), unique, but no: quite as tight as it might be; 2 and 3, C. T. Maxwell; Senegal Parrot, a nice bird, but decidedly lucky to be so placed in such company, and a good Blue-rumped Parrot which should have preceded the Senegal; L. M. Wade, Red- vented Parrot. 173. Green Bupewricars (17). A nice array of this charming but common species; those placed winning on size, depth of colour and lacing. 1, Mrs. D. Longden; 2, Col.Routh; 3 and 7, J. Frostick; 41, A. Silver; 5, R. J. Watts; 6, Mrs. D. Longden. 174. RING-NECK AND OTHER COMMON PARRAKSHTS (2). 1 and 2, Miss A. B. Smyth, pair Red-rumps, not sleek, pair Rosellas, not tight; 3, W. Frost, good pair Alexandrines; 4, 6 and 7, Mrs Newmarsh, Red Rosella, Alexandrine, and Cockateils; 5, W. Baxby, another good Alexandrine. A very fine pair of Quaker Par- rakeets were also shown. 175. Loris, Erc. (6). The most noticeable of this class were the Red-collared Lorikeets, several of which were of a very intense colour. 1, Mrs. D. Longden, perfect Red-collared Lorikeet, very in- tense; 2 and 6, J. Frostick, Yeliow-backed and Purple-capped Lories, rich colour and in good form; 3, Hon. Mrs. Morrison, very steady Red-collared Lorikeets; 4, and 5, C. T. Maxwell, Red-collared and Ornate Lorikeets. Several good exhibits in this c:ass were kept down by cut wings. 176. A.O. PARRAKEETS: Only three entries, and of these Miss L, Clare’s Queen Alexandra and Hooded Parrakeets 10 The L.C.B.A. Show. were deservedly first and second, being in superb condition and feather; the third prize going to Mr. Meager’s Mealy Rosellas—a most disappointing entry. 177. YeLLow BupGceERicsars, W. JAVA Sparrows (12). 1 A. J. Shipton, very fine pair Yellow Budgerigars, green markings quite obscure; 2 Rev. J. Paterson, grand White Java, very pure; 3 F. J. Amdrews, very fine pair of White Javas; 4, 5, and 7 A. Silver, Bengiale_e and White Javas, both good, and Yellow Budgerigars, good colour, but green marking rather distinct; 6 Miss A, B. Smyth, Yellow Budgerigars, good colour with green markings not too distinct. 178. Common Mannikins (39). Quite a brave show, and nearly every exhibit in good feather and condition. 1 S. Beaty, Comba:ou, perfect, best Ihave ever seen; 2 Miss M. Bousfield, perfect pair Grey Javas; 3, 4, 5, and 7, A. Silver, Magpie Mannikins, Combasous, Sharp-tailed Finches, and Bronze Mannikins; 6 C. Cooper, Bib Finches, White-headed, Black-headed and Tricolour Mannikins; Bib and Spice Finches also staged. 179. A.S. WEAVERS AND WHY- DAHS (18): A most interesting class, con- taining many rare or very uncommon species, two new to the show-bench, and others not often met with of late, several of which were hardly treated though in good form—the more notable will be re- ferred to in a later issue 1 R. J. Watts, Queen Whydah, perfect in every way, distinctly lucky, as it shed its long racket tail-plumes the opening day of show, but not until after awards were up; 2and 48. Beaty, Golden- backed and Gold-collared Paradise Why- dahs, uncommon, rich colour, perfect; 3, 5, and 7, S. Williams, Mahali Weaver (new to the bench), Golden-backed Whydah, and Black-headed Weaver, an uncommon trio, all in good form; 6, G. Fletcher, Chest- nut-backed or Bronze Weaver, a first ap- pearance and new to aviculture, should have been higher. Mr. S. Williams staged a most in- teresting series, viz., Baya, Grenadier, ER (E. O. Page, Small-masked, and Taha Weavers; in Giant Whydah, addition to those placed. Orange, Short- The L.C.B.A. Show. 11 winged, Rufous-necked and Crimson-crowned Weavers were also staged—an unusually interesting lot, but the rarer species not so beautiful as those more freely imported. Photo by E. O. Page. Queen Whydah. Rippon FincuHeEs, SILVERBILIS (16). All the winners here were in best of condition and feather, the unplaced birds running them very close. 1 BR. J. Watts, Ribbon Finches; 2 A. Silver, African Silver- pills; 3 EK. Hattersley, Zebra Finches; 4 F. J. Andrews, Saffron Finches; 5 Miss M. Bousfield, Ribbon Finches; 6 W. Buckingham, Indian Silverbills; 7 J. C. Schliter, Zebra Finches. 181. Goutpian Fincues (23): A goodly array of really excellent birds, some standing out from the rest in size and depth of colouring. Some pairs, contained one excellent bird, with a mate having a faulty foot, or dropping its wings badly—must have given much trouble in sorting out—‘ R.H.” =Red-headed, and ‘“ B.H.”—Black-headed. 1 W. Buckingham, R.H.; 2 Miss Backhouse, B.H.; 3 and 4 Miss M. Bousfleld, B.H. and R.H.; 5 G. S. Woodcock, B.H.; 6 J. C. W. Meadows, R.H. o and B.H. Q; 7 R. Mannering, B.H, 182. Firu-Tarts, Pargot Fincuus, Erc. (17). A very even class, but the Fire-tailed Finches were an easy 12 The L.C.B.A. Show. first. It also contained two entries by Mr. W. Frost--—goods specimens of Fijian or Peale’s and Tri-co.oured Parrot Finches —not for competition. 1C. H. Kow, Fire-tailed Finches,a perfect pair; 2 Mrs. E. Gal- loway, good Tri-coloured Parrot Fimch; 3 and 6 Miss M. Bousfield, paws of Vin-tailed and Common Parrot Finches in best form; 4 C. 1’. Maxwell, another good pair of Common Parrot Finches; 5 iL. W. Hawkins, Painted Finch; 7 G. 8S. Woodcock, fine pair Pintailed Parrot Finches; 5 L.’W. Hawkins, Painted Finch; 7 G.S. Woodcock, fine pair Pintailed Parrot Finches (Nonpareils). Some specimens of Ruii- cauda I'inches in exquisite condition were also siaged, but, tae Pintails evidently got fuil recognition as being a difficult species to keep. 183. A.O. GRASSFINCHES AND Mannixins (27). An interesting class, all very even, must have been diflicult to separate, as in addition to the placed birds, the following species were also represented: Common Quail, Pectoral, Chest- nut-breasted, and bicheno’s Finches; all in best show torm. 1 Cc. T. Maxwell, perfect pair Yellow-rumped Mannikins,;, 2 R. J. Watts, Black-faced Quail Finches (see plate, Dec. “B.N.’’); 3 Miss M. Bousfield, Masked Grassfinches; 4 Rev. J. Paterson, L.T. Grassfinches; 5 J. Schluter, Diamond Finches; 6 Miss A. B. Smyth, very fine Red-headed Finch (c);, 7 A. Silver, L.T. Grassfinch. A most interesting series of beautiful birds, 184. Common FIREFINCHES, CorDON Buus, ETc. (41): This was the largest class in the show and a grand lot too. A look over them exciced no surprise at their popularity, common they may be, but beauty beyond the average they certainly possess, neither do they lack in interesting character- istics. An object lesson, showing how beautiful a series of foreign birds may be obtained at small cost, whether for bird-room or aviary. 1 and 7 F. Howe, one of the richest pairs of Zebra (Gold- breasted) Waxbills ever seen, and a good pair of Cordon Bleus; 2 H. Strong, Zebra Waxbills, v.f. pair; 3 8. Beaty, Firefinch (¢), rich colour, one of the best; 4 and 6A. Silver, Fire-Finches and Lavender Finches (these latter spoiled each others plumage after judging was over); 5, R. Newley, excellent pair Fire-finches. 185. Avapavats, St. HELENA, GREY AND ORANGE- CHEEKED WAxBILLS (29). Another level lot of beautiful common (freely imported) species. All the species included in the classification well represented. 1 Col. J. J. Routh, Green Avadavats;. 2, F. Howe, St. Helena Waxbills; 3 A. Silver, Com. Avadavats; 4 R. Newley, Oranigje- The L.C.B.A. Show. 13 cheeked Waxbills; 5 Miss J. W. Blagg, Rel Avadavats; 6 H.T. Gibb, Green Avadavats; 7, Miss J. W. Blagg, Grey Waxbills. 186. A. O. Waxpinis (26). Must be counted as one of the finest classes in the Show, though some very beautiful exhibits by Mr. W. Frost (eight entries) were not for com- petition, including Jameson’s and Vinaceous Firefinches ; Dufresne’s, Red-faced and Aurora Finches; Black-cheekeld and Blve-breasted Waxbills. The Violet-earel Waxbills, Melba Finches, ete., provided a feast of heauty not often seen. 1 C. T. Maxwell, Peters’ Spotted Firefinch, little rough on crown, but otherwise good, beautiful and rare; 2 Col. J. J. Routh, Violet-eared Waxbills, a perfect pair, very intense co'our; 3 J. Fros- tick, Ruddy Waxbills; 4, Miss M. Bousfield, exquisite Melba Finch; 5 H. Strong, Dufresne’s Finches, v.f. pair; 6 L.W. Hawkins, good pair Melba. Finches; 7 R. J. Watts, other Melba Finches. 187. Carpinats (5). A matter for surprise that this class should prove a failure as they are popular birds. 1, F. S. Matthes, Green, v.f. co, 2 L. Montgomery, Red- crested; 3 Col. J. J. Routh, pair Virginians, not tight; 4 Mrs. Moore, Virginian 9; 5 Miss A. B. Smyth, beautiful pair Red-crested, might have been second. : 188. Serins anp Sisxins (9). 1 A. Ezra, Chilian Siskin (Chrysonitris atrata), very rare and in best form; 2, W. H. Vale, Alario Finch, very clean, and evenly marked, 3 Mrs. Greene, Black-headed Siskin; 4 Rev. G. Paterson, Alario Finch; 5 and 6 J. CG. W. Meadows, good Sikhim Siskins, al beautiful species, and a good Black-headed Siskin; 7, C. Cooper, nice Grey-necked Serin. 189. Trum Fincyes, Grospesks, Erc (26). The not- able exhibits here, viz., Blue Chaffinch, and Sepoy Finches have been noticed several times in our pages. Idilnot recognise the species of Mr. Williams’ Grey Grosbeaks, not Spermophila grisea, but altogether larger birds, rare but certainly not pretty. Mr. A. Ezra staged an interesting and rare species in the Chilian or Gay’s Finch (Phrygilus gayi), not tight in plumage—a pretty colour arrangement of old gold and grey. 1 A. Ezra, Blue Chaffinch, perfect and very rare; 2 Miss A. B. Smyth, Rose-breasted Hawfinch ©; 3 S. Beaty, Cuban Finches; + E. Hattersley, gcod Sepoy Finch, but vellow instead of the fiery-red of the wild bird; 5 Miss A. B. Smyth, Black Grosbeak or Seed- Finch (Melopyrrha nigra), very uncommon, in good form; 6 S. M. Townsend, S:poy Finch, another cage-mou'ted specimen, but a deeper colour than the 4th prize—in the writer’s opinion the placings should have been transposed; 7 S. Williams, Grey Grosbeaks. Other interest- 14 The L.C.B.A. Show. ing species were also staged, viz.: Euler’s Diuca, Yellowish, Whitie- throated and Mexican Rose-Fineches; Ruddy, Rock, and Hair-crested Buntings; Desert Bullfinches, ete. 190. Doves. Quarts, Erc. (2). The reason of the failure of this class evidently is, that such species are kept in aviaries and are very wild when caged—for good numbers of many species of foreign Doves and Quails are kept in captivity, and many species breed regularly in their owner’s aviaries. ¢ ays ! oe 1W. J. C. Frost, Douglas Quail; 2 J. Schliiter, pair Diamond Doves, perfect, might have been first. 191. A.S. Sugar anp Sunsrrps (11). I have already noted Mr. Ezra’s fine team of Sunbirds (see Dec. “B.N.”) and it only remains to say that all the others were objects! of beauty and interest; their condition and exquisite plumage being beyond praise. With birds of such elegant and grace- ful form, combined with brilliant metallic plumage, it is not surprising that they were the centre of attraction of the Show. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and many specials, A. Ezra; Southern Mala- chite, Greater Amethyst, Lesser Double-collared, Amethyst-rumped, and Black-breasted Yellow-backed Sunbirds, a igrand quintet, beyond praise from every standpoint; 6 Lady K. Pilkington, exquisite Black- head Green Sugarbird; 7 C. T. Maxwell, good Purple Sugarbird (Q), Col. J. J. Routh exhibited here the richest coloured Gold-fronted Fruitsucker the writer has seen. 192. Certain NamMep Tanacurs (16): 1, (Mrs. Thyme, Maroon; 2 S. M. Townsend, exquisite Tri- colour; 3 and 7 Col. Routh, Superb and Searlet: 4 Lady K. Pilking- ton; Blue; 5 C. 'T. Maxwell, Scarlet; 6 Miss M. Bousfield, Maroon— all good and beautiful ‘birds. 193. A.O. Tanacers (12). Contained many beautiful and uncommon species, some of which were very hardly treated, among which I may mention Lady K. Pilkington’s Blue and Black and Black-cheeked Tanagers, both perfect yet unnoticed; also Mr. S. M. Townsend’s superb Black-hacked and Colonel Routh’s Golden-shouldered Euphonia. The plac- ings certainly gave rise to considerab!e comment. 1 A. Ezra, good pair Petre’s cock, not yet full colour, very lucky; 2 and 4 Miss M. Bousfield, White-capped and Festive; 3 C. T. (Maxwell, Red and Black (Phlogolthraupis erwentata), unique, but tail a little rough; 5, S. M. Townsend, Black-backed, perfect, clean rich colour, hardly used; 6 Mrs. Sevastopoulo, Rufous-throated Sugar- The L.C.B.A. Show. — Cr lo] bird; 7 Col Routh. Golden-shouldered Huphonia, perfect and rare, might have been higher. The Black-cheekel or Lesser Rufous-headed (Calliste cayana) has only appeared on the show ‘bench once previously and is but seldom obtainable. This species was figured in colour and described in ~ B.N.,” Vol VII., page 137. 194. Bureurs,. SmaAmas. Ere. (11). The rarest bird here, a first appearance, I think, was Major B. R. Hors- brugh’s Brown-eared Bulbul (Hemirus flavala), which is des- cribed elsewhere in this issue. 1 Major Horsbrugh, Brown-eared Bulbul; 2 Lady K. Pilking- ton, Black-crested Yellow Bulbul, very uncommon, good order; 3 Col, Routh, Red-eared Bulbul; 4 J. Frostick, perfect Shama; 5 and 6 (Miss A. B. Smyth, Pekin Robins and Shama; 7 F. J. Andrews, Shama. ‘An interest'ng' class, all birds of character and all in perfect order. 195. Crows, Troupiaus, etc. (16). A most interest- ing class, the outstanding exhibit being Major Horsbrugh’s Yucatan Jay (Cissolopha yucatanica), not merely new to the show bench, but new to aviculture, a beautiful species of a mischievous group. Another bird which cannot be passed without notice was Mrs. Warren Vernon’s Hunting (issa, besides its gorgeous plumage, it was uncannily tame, and permitted anyone to handle it throvgh the wires of the cage just as they pleased, I fear many coveted it. ' 1 'Major Horsbrugh, Yueatan Jay, unique and _ interestin'g’, easy first: 2 A. Silver, uncommon Mandarin Mynahs; 3 Mrs. War- ren-Vernon, Hunting’ Cissa, a charming bird; 4 B. T. Stewarf, Wandering’ Tree-pie, in splendid form; 5 and 6 W. R. Shepherd) Larger Hil! Mynalh and Chinese Jay-Thrush; 7 G. Fletcher, Bra- zilian Hanginest, perfect, very intense colour. Yellow-headed and Flame-breasted Marsh Birds, Glossy Starle ings, Troupials, and Lesser Hill Mynahs also staged. 196. Hyprips, Auginos, erc. (15). This class was pretty well reviewed in December “B.N.,” and it only remains to give the awards. Miss L. Clare staged an exquisite pair of Blue Bud- gerigars, which were very hardly treated, true the hen had an imperfect foot, but in all else, pure colour, size, and gen- eral fitness were all that could be desired. 1 and 2, A. Ezra, Lutino Ring-neck and Lutino Blossom- head Parrakeets, the latter a young bird and not in such perfect form as the Ring-neck; Dut a charming bird; 3R.S.deQ. Quincey, Parson - 16 The L.C.B.A. Show. finch * Long-tailed Grassfinch Hybrid; 4 Miss A. B. Smyth, Red- headed Finch & Cutthroat Hybrid; 5 E. Pelham Sutton, Blue Budge- rigar; 6 Rev. J. Paterson, Hooded Siskin x Canary Hybrid: 7 G. S. Woodcock, Silverbil x Bengalese Hybrid. 1197. Frycarcners, Tirs, Evc. (12): Every exhibit of more than usual interest, mostly beautiful, rare and in ex- cellent form—no less than four first appearances, all owned by Mr. A. Ezra. i ey ay, Gh, and specials, A. Ezra, Small Minivet (new to shows), Large Niltava (new to shows), Short-billed Minivet, and Red-flanked Bush-Rob:n (new to shows), an exquisite quartet, noted elsewhere; 5, Lady K. Pi'kington, exquisite Loo Choo Robin, a fine songster; 6, Major B. Horsbrugh, Blue-fronted Redstart, in fine form, ‘but will ‘be more brilliant later on; 7, J. Frostick, beautiful and rare Japanese Redbreast. : A true pair of Indian Fire Caps (A. Ezra) were also staged, but unnoticed, not being in full colour, small as English Gold-crest. Excellent specimens of Silver-eared Mesias, Ru- fous-bellied Niltavas and Black-headed Sibias also exhibited. 198. Aut OrHER Species (13): This class also con- tained more (3) first appearances and many other beautiful and rare species, some of which have been described in past vols. of Bird Notes or in my opening notes. 1 land 3, Lady K. Pilkington, exquisite pair of Black-chinned Yuhinas (see plate in last issue), and a most interesting and quaint Black-throated Wren-Babbler (cee “B.N.,”’ Vol. IV., N.S., page 106), both new to shows; 2, A. Ezra, Red-tailed Minla (new to shows and aviculture). my choice for first, unique; 4 and 6, S. M. Townsend, Pigmy Woodpecker, already deccribed and figured (see “B.N.,’, Vol. IV., N.S., page 106), and an Indian Kingfisher, uncommon and beau- tiful; 5 and 7, C. T. Maxwell, perfect Levaillant’s Barbet, and rare and exquisite Pink-crested Touracou. Other exhibits of more than passing interest were: Blue Thrush, B!ue-headed Rock Thrush, Cuban Trogon, Rusty- cheeked Babbler and a Pied Rock Thrush. 199. Senirng Cr4ss (Limit 253.) contained some good birds. § EF. Howe, Rock Bunting; 2, L. W. Hawkins, Common Quail Finches; 3, J. C. W. Meadows, Zebra Waxbills; 4 and 5, F. Howe and W. Buckingham, Green Avadavats; 6, Grey Waxbills; 7, H. Brumbridge, Ribbon Finches. Other exhibits were: South American Hawks, Rose- breasted Cockatoo, and Red Rosella Parrakeet. 200-1. MempBers L.C.B,A,;: The L.C.B.A. Show. 17 SrEp-Earrrs (12). 1, Thynne, B.H. Gouldian Finch; 2, 4, and 6, A. Silver, Blue-breasted Waxbills, Aurora, and Chestnut- breasted Finches; 7, Paterson, Diamond Sparrow. Sort-Brnus (3): 1 and 2, Dewhurst, Coleys and Glossy Starling; 3, Thynne, Blue Tanager. ee ee FOREIGN BIRD CLUB SPECIALS. F.B.C. Silver Medal for Best Bird in Classes 169-176: J. C. Schliiter.—Grey Parrot. F.B.C. Silver Medal for Best Bird in Classes 177-190: C. T. Maxwell.—Peters’ Spotted Firefinches. F.B.C. Silver Medal for Best Bird in Classes 191-198: A. Ezra.—Southern Malachite Sunbird. F.B.C. Bronze Medal for Most Points in Classes 16$-' 76: Miss A. B. Smyth. F.B.C. Bronze Medal for Most Points in Classes 177-190: A. Silver. F.B.C. Bronze Medal for Most Points in Classes 191-198: Lady K. Pilkington. 2s. 6d. by Miss A. B. Smyth for Best Non-winner in Class 191: Col. J. J. Routh—Gold-fronted Fruitsucker. 2s. 6d. by Miss A. B. Smyth for Best Non-winner in Class 193: Lady K. Pilkington.—Blue and Black Tanager. 10s. 6d. by A. Ezra, Esq., for Best Sugar Bird: Lady K. Pilkington—Black-headed Sugarbird. 10s. 6d. by A. Ezra, Esq., for best Fruitsucker or Zosterop: Colonel J. J. Routh, Gold-fronted Fruitsucker. Mr. A. Ezra won most points in the London Cup Competition. —_—__; _¢—__—_. Birds Bred at Poltimore Park Aviaries, 1913, By Lorp PoLTIMoRE. CuHAatTreRING Lory (Lorius garrulus). We have had the good fortune this year to rear one Chattering Lory, which to be candid, was a great surprise to everyone, as no one ever suspected its existence, until it was discovered one fine morn- ing, feeding with the older inmates of the aviary. The aviary measures 43 feet long, 36 feet wide, and 12 feet high, nearly half of which is covered in by a sub- stantially built house, and it was in this house that early in spring we fixed up one of Mr. W. T. Page’s excellent nesting barrels, 15in by 12 in. 18 Birds Bred at Poltimore Park Aviaries, 1913. An egg was found in this barrel on August 19th, It was pure white and about the size of a pigeon’s egg. A pair of Chattering Lories were observed to be spending a great deal of time indoors, and on again looking into the barre. at the end of September, the aviary attendant was dis- appointed to see nothing. However, a week later he fancied he heard a noise inside the barrel, but put it down to the lively inmates of of the adjoining aviary, and did not investigate the matter further. When feeding the Lories on the morning of October 29th, he was quite nonplussed when he counted three Chatter- ing Lories instead of two. On closer examination he noticed that No. 3 had a black-brown beak, the orbital region was naked and grey, and the eyes appeared to be dark. The plumage was the same as the parent birds, but the young bird was a trifle smaller. The Lories are fed daily on sponge-cake and Nestlé’s milk made into a sop with warm water, and given to them nearly cold, plenty of bananas and grapes. Twice a week they have insect food, and meal worms three times a week. Since September, the temperature of the aviary has been kept from 65¢ to 70°, but they have access to the large out-door flight all the year, unless in very cold frosty weather or wet days, when they are only let out to exercise when the sun is bright and warm. f must not forget to mention that last spring we hung large sheets of waterproof canvas round the outside of the aviary, so as to disturb the inmates as little as possible. This aviary contains the following birds : Chattering Lories (Lorius garrulus). Yellow-Backed Lories (LL. flavo-palliatus). Purple-Capped Lories (LZ. domicella). Red-collared Lorikeets (Trichoglossus rubritorques). Swainson’s Lorikeets (7. novac-hollandiae). THE BREEDING OF HYBRID CONURES. YELLOW-HEADED (Conurus jendaya) X ‘oLDEN- CROWNED (Conurus aureus). The Yellow-headed Conure has been in a large out-door aviary (43 feet wide, by 64 feet, long, by 12 feet high, including the house, which is heated in Birds Bred at Poltimore Park Aviaries, 1913. 19 winter) for the last 3 years, the Golden-crowned Conure for about 2 years. The birds paired in November, 1912, and on January 17th of this year (1913) a clutch of five eggs was discovered in a box, which they had been frequenting for some time. They did not incubate, owing to disturbances from other inmates of the aviary. On March 7th they went to nest again, this time with four eggs, after incubating for some time, they were again disturbed. On May 8th a third clutch consisting of four eggs, was found in the same nest, incubation lasted about 23 or 24 days, and both parents incubated. On looking into the box on June 4th we found two young birds. As it was apparent the old birds were feeding satis- factorily, the nest was not examined for another month, and then the young were coverel] with down, and stubs of feathers. On July 19th the parent birds were shut out of the box by fastening wire bars across the end of the box about an inch or so apart, so as to let the old birds feed, and at the same time to prevent the young leaving the nest pre- maturely, as on previous occasions we had in the same way lost several valuable young birds. A little later a tin of seed (canary, sun-flower, hemp, and occasionally green oats), and a tin of water were fastened to the bars of the box, and the young. were thus able to feed themselves. On September 18th, the two young Conures were put in a small aviary along with a young Adelaide Parrakeet, who unfortunately, is the sole survivor of a family of five, four having been done to death by other Parrakeets in the aviary. The young at first resembled the Yellow-headed Conure except that their colour was a little duller, and they had more orange-yellow on the fore-head, but now one young bird has more orange-yellow than the other, on the forehead and crown, as well as round the eye circle. In the neck a few green feathers are showing amongst the yellow. This aviary contains the following Parrakeets :— Pennants’ (Platycercus elegans).. Adelaides (P. adelaidae). 20) The Value of Heat for Ailing Birds. Rosellas (P. eximius), Blue-Bonnets (Psepho'us haematorhous). Lineolated (Bolborhynchus lineolatus). Tovi (Brotogerys jugularis). Many-Coloured (Psephotus multicolor), Red-rumped (P. haematonotus). Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). Conures :— Yellow (Conurus solstitialis). Black-headed (C. nanday). Blue-crowned (C. haemorrhous). Cactus (C. cactorum). Red-bellied (Pyrrhura vwittata). The food consists of canary, millet, sunflower, and hemp, white oats, and greenfood, also a supply of grit and cuttle-fish bone. Fruit and mea'worms occasionallyi. I might mention that the Yel’ow Conures (Conures sol- stitialis) have laid two clutches of eggs this season, but with- out result so far. To be continued. ———_—+—- The Value of Heat for Ailing Birds. By Dr. L. Lovenu-K ays. For years past I have always regarded heat as of first importance in restoring ailing birds. Lately I have had more than an ordinary dose of ailing birds. In every caze IT have applied heat (dry heat—I don’t mean warmth but real heat), and the result has been nothing short of miraculous. TI have been carrying out a series of experiments with the heat treat- ment. Let me quote a case or two: One day, about a month ago, I picked up my Columbian Siskin very ill; I kept her in a very warm place and she revived at once. Unfortunately, I had no means then of continuing the heat throughout the night, with the result that she died in the night. Kitchen cupboards and the like get much cooler about 4 a.m. when the bird most requires the heat. Two or three days afterwards I “picked up” (oh, horrid phrase, pregnant with remorse and blighted hopes) my hen Hooded Siskin. I put her into a travelling cage and The Value of Heat for Ailing Birds. 91 literally baked her for about three days. She completely re- covered, and is now as fit as ever; and yet her case! seemed very bad. But the most wonderful cure of all was that of a hen (why is it they are all hens?) Pectoral Finch. My wife, who has had considerable hospital experience became quite impatient. The bird was apparently “as dead as a door nail.” I held it in front of a bright kitchen fire for 10-15 minutes, and then popped the bird in a cage into the oven. In ten hours time it had opened its eyes and was on its own keel. By bed-time it was on its feet. That night I kept it in a box underneath which a powerful duplex lamp burned all night. To make along story short the bird made a complete recovery, and yet was absolutely apparently dead. J could multiply successful cures ad lib. but I don’t think any good purpose would be served by doing so. Have you ever failed, you ask? Yes, I have, and in all cases it has been because I have not persevered with the treatment, which I find takes about two or three days, during which time the temperature must never fall below 60°. I will roughly describe my recovery hot-air-chamber. It is in reality part oi my new aviary and was not really designed as a “sick bay.’’ The floor is covered externally with a square of zinc sheeting to prevent it catching fire and the tront is half-inch mesh wire netting. The sides are wood. The lamp is fixed well below the floor and immediately underneath. The whole forms a kind of propagator, so beloved of gardeners. It is then heated uncomfortably warm and yet birds revel in it. If you have never tried the effect of real heat, do! You will be positively amazed, but remember there must be no half measures, and above all persevere. Don’t be misled by the fact that the bird is apparently quite fit the next day. If you are and let it out it will only get a relapse and die. You will then say the treatment is useless. Given a fair trial and I will guarantee you will cure at least 50 per cent. of the birds you used previously to lose. Being a medical man I am keen on treatment and I can honestly say nothing ap- proaches the heat treatment for general success, so IT am anxious to give others my happy experiences. Birds which have been subjected to above treatment must not be put out of doors into cold quarters till they, have been properly hardened off, 23) The Value of Heat for Ailing Birds. [ Dr. Lovell-Keays is apparently not aware of the extent to which others have used heat, both for acclimatisation purposes and for ailing’ birds. Several times, Mr. H. Gray, our Hon. Veterinary Surgeon, has advised dry heat in the Post Mortem Reports, especially as regards egg-binding, we will quote one: “Continuous dry heat of a high degree is better than steaming.” ‘This quotation, we be- lieve to ‘be the first reference to dry heat as a remedy for egg-bindin'g in the public press, and Mr. Gray has since repeated it in othie! journals. The writer too, has used it with birds picked up helpless, and thus saved many, and has quoted the instance of a Magpie Man- nikin many times, which was subjected to extreme heat and recovered, after which it was kept indoors for that winter and lived out of doois: for three years afterwards, having been eight years in his posses- sion when it died—thus it was an acclimatised bird at the time of its illness. Several] have used acclimatisation cages with a chamber underneath in which a lamp was kept burning’ and have also used these cages as sick wards. Others, possessing hot-houses, have saved new arrivals when almost in extremis by placing the cage in the hot-house, ‘but this was not dry heat though averaging 80° F. How- ever, all these notes are more or less obscure being buried among other details, and we are greatly obliged to Dr. Lovell-Keays for his important and interesting communication; a very significant feature of which is, that he subjected all ailing’ birds (some ap- parently dead) to his dry heat treatment irrespective of character of illness with great success. We trust this is but one of many com- munications on all topics of aviculture that will appear in the Club Journal from his pen, Before closing this note I will again quote Mr. H. Gray, for the benefit of our members on this important topic: “Birds can withstand a temperature of 100° F. or more for “hours together. This is due to the fact that birds in general have “a very high temperature: for instance fowls 106.5° F., Swallows, “112° F. The smaller the birds the higher the temperature. Some “water birds have a temperature as low as 100-102? F.; the “Ostrich’s temperature is 989 F.” I am sure my friend Dr. Lovell-Keays will pardon this Edit- orial reference to his weighty article—we certainly desire and solicit the result of his avicultural experiments and observations for “B.N.’*. for the benefit of his fellow members and aviculture gienerally.—Ep.]. eS A Fascinating Bird, By W. A. BAINBRIDGE. Tan Lona-Ta1iLED Tir: I wonder how many readers of this magazine have kept Long-tailed Tits (Acredula candata, Linn.), and are in consequence in a better position than I A Fascinating Bird. 93 am to write this article. Probably many, but never mind; it is not for their benefit I am writing this—far from it. Then why write, do you ask? Well, here is my one and only excuse, viz.: to introduce to others one of the nicest and tamest of birds one can possibly desire. For the benefit of those who do not or will not keep British birds in their aviaries I ‘may say that there is a Con- tinental variety of this bird, slightly more expensive it is true, but against this it is a little prettier, as the head is almost white. I first bought two pairs of the Continental variety from Mr. Frost, turning them straight out of doors; next day I entered the aviary, carrying mealworms with me. Soon a Tit, appeared on the scene and wishing to be polite I held a mealworm up to it. Would you like a mealworm Mr. Tit? Yes, please said he, as to my surprise he flew down, settled on my hand and took it. Thus encouraged I tried again until all four had eaten their fill. If you had asked me then which were the nicest birds I (had, there would and could only have been one answer—- Long-tailed Tits. Too late I discovered that they had been kept in a warm room, and to my sorrow my four pets died, I at once bought another pair, and this time kept them in a cage and both have lived, taking mealworms from my fingers at once, and proving themselves most delightful pets. So tame are they in fact, that if you enter the room where their cage is and forget to give them a mealworm they soon remind you, clinging to the wires of their cage and calling their loudest to attract attention; and never in vain do they call, for who can resist a ball of black and white fluff which clings to the wire and stares at you with large black eyes. At first sight you imagine that nothing larger than a pin’s head could possibly enter such a tiny little beak, but tiny as it appears you will find that half a mealworm is very, soon a thing of the past, you feed the hen, then hubby, wants one, and by that time her ladyship is quite ready for another. You may say, and not without reason, that these birds were tame when I bought them, they were, but that does not alter the fact that they are perfectly easy to tame once they are meated off, 24 A Fascinating Bird. As an example of this I give my experience with the English variety, I was given four pairs, the day that they were caught, of which three pairs are still living. Ten days alter they were caught, four out of the six were feeding from my hand through the bars of the cage and so little fear have they that when one was ill I caught it, and tried to open its mouth to feed it, failed, and holding the mealworm in my hand while preparing for a second attempt I felt a tug, and found the mealworm disappearing down the Tit’s throat, and two days after capture. How many people want a pair of birds that are tiny, safe to keep with Waxbills, etc., and which are at the same time perfectly tame to such as these my advice is buy a pair of Long-tailed Tits, and the method of procedure I should advise is as follows: Buy @ pair now and keep them in a medium sized cage through the winter, every now and then give them a meal- worm broken in half in your fingers, or if you prefer it in a pair of tweezers, in a few days when you approach you will fiad them calling to you for food, a few days more and you can put your hand inside the cage and soon will find that they will take them without the bars between you, from that to com- plete confidence in you is but a step. When the spring comes round turn them into your aviary; you will find that you are associated in their minds with food and they will soon be down on your hand for food, and if for the first few days they will not do that they will come to the nearest perch and take it from your hand there. A word of warning, the Tits will see you before you see them, and fly to you, and if you do not enter the aviary with care, they will be down and out, but this is not really serious as they will come for a mealworm held out in one hand and with the other you can easily catch them, two minutes is about the time it took me. When you have got and found out at last the one bird you have always wanted, do not forget that it was the I'.B.C. which brought it to your notice. Pay this debt of gratitude by encouraging new members; remember that the more mem- bers there are the more coloured plates can we afford, and that the more coloured plates the more members are we likely Blue Budgerigars. ae to attract, and this will relieve our hard worked Editor whose sole reward for all his labour is the gratitude and thanks which we all must give him. o—_—- Blue Budgerigars. (Melopsittacus undulatus, v. caerulea). By O. MiLisumM. Since my return to England, I have resolutely kept away from my old love, not that I have entirely dispensed with all my bird-pets, but they have been kept to strictly limited numbers. I have also refrained from reading the various periodicals of the “Fancy” even our interesting Bird Notes has been received only to be sheived. I have adopted this attitude, not because I like it, nor do I admit personal weakness, but purely from business reasons do I believe it best to let my passion for bird life lie in abeyance, at least for a time. However, the notice affixed to the outside cover of Bird Notes announcing the L.C.B.A. Show tempted me to once again visit that wonderful and fascinating exhibition of avian gems. This and the knowledge that I should meet some of my birdy triends found me once more amongst the Foreign exhibits on Friday, November 28th. Looking through that wonderful array of foreign birds, the finest collection ever staged under one rool, I was charmed to see three of those beautitul Blue Budgerigars. These ex- hibits prompted me to ask our esteemed editor and friend if any fancier was really making progress in reproducing this variety. I was sorry to hear but little success had been met with, and, as I should very much like to see this variety greatly increased, I think it worth while recording what, I believe from practical experience to be the only methods to real success. ‘There is really no reason whatever, providing certain rules are carried out, why the Blue Budgerigar should not be bred as freely as the commoner Green and Yellow. Two conditions are absolutely essential to the successful breeding of these birds: 1.—The birds must not be subject to any powerful light, my contention being, that powerful rays of light reduce the stamina of the birds. It must not be forgotten that their 26 Blue Budgerigars. beautiful colour, a rich sky blue, though pure, is not natural, having undoubtedly been produced by selection; therefore, I suggest a semi-darkened indoor aviary or flight, not allowing any direct and poweriul rays of light to enter any portions of their enclosure. 2.—Birds must not be allowed to mate ‘until fully two years old. This is a most important item, and has been in the past the greatest cause of non-success. As with the Green variety, these birds will mate when quite young, but it is rarely with success. The young of such birds are anemic and otter infected with rickets, as well, the co.our exceedingly poor, more like grey than blue, they do not thrive, and but a very small percentage live to any age. The parent birds are more liable to egg binding,, and when this occurs the chances for recovery are very small. My advice then, is this, if too impatient for the birds to become fully adult, dispose of the birds. I know, for I speak with experience. I made the same mistake. In the year 1911 I had about 30 of these delightful birds under my care at Everberg, and being anxious to breed them freely, I located them in three large aviaries, vach with a large open outdoor flight. I had visions of such a lovely flock by the end of that year. My visions did not, how- ever, materialise. Plenty of eggs and a fair number of young, but I finished up the season with I believe ten, and not a fine youngster among them. These were sold in one lot to a dealer on the Continent. So much for that attempt, but why my failure? I meant to find out. Within a few miles of those aviaries I knew a Belgian fancier with a few of these birds, three pairs, I believe, but was nevertheless having success, breeding good colours and fine robust youngsters, as many as six in one nest. I visited him several times and had a good look round, seeking all the information possible. His birds were flying loose in quite a darkened out-house, the adult birds in one compartment, the young in another. Breed- ing boxes were permitted in the spring and summer and moved in the early autumn. Hence his success, and he admitted this was the only secret. If our Budgerigar lovers could only see charming Blues flying about as I have done, the wonderful depth of colour The Himalayan Siskin. 27 of perfect adults, their size and form, I am sure they would not hesitate to bring these birds to such perfection here. There are no fanciers under the sun to compare with when once they make up their minds to improve any species. I have only to name the Canary as an instance. Will our members take up my suggestion now, and in a few years we shall have Blue Budgerigars that will bring joy to the heart of any bird lover. An additional advantage will be of having estab- lished and domesticated a beautiful variety of Foreign birds that breed freely, need little attention, and thrive splendidly in captivity. As a further inducement, I am convinced such a pleasurable venture would also be highly profitable. As is well known, the present prices for these birds are high, and it will take years before they can be bred in such numbers to become common. I should be glad to hear of anyone interested. ——_———_ oe —_——_ Re Himalayan Siskin. By Westny T. Pacsu, F.Z.S., Enc. Toe HimManayan Siskin (Chrysomitris spinoides): This beautiful species is found throughout the Himalayas, and is a larger and more brightly coloured bird than the European Siskin (C. spinus). It is a bird of the woods, but is occasion- ally found in gardens in small parties. The nesting season is July and August, the nest is cup-shaped, constructed of grass, hair and moss, and is usually placed in the branch of a tree. The eggs are pale green speckled with black and the clutch usually numbers three. Oates, in his “ Fauna of Brit. India” calls it the Hima- layan Greenfinch, and puts it in a separate genus, Hypa- canthis spinoides. Description. Male. Above more or less greenish olivaceous- brown; forehead variable according to age, black, or black and yellow, or nearly all yellow; crown, nape, ear-coverts and part of cheeks black tinged with green; lores, sides of face, sides of neck, band across ‘back of neck, rump, and the whole of the underpiarts rich canary-yellow; the upper tail-coverts greenish-brown; | tail, two central feathers deep brown, the others more or less yellow; wings dusky-black, greater-coverts tipped with yellow and the quil!s with a broad patch of yellow on the outer-webs, and tipped and margined with white: beak flesh-colour, dusky at tip; feet brownish flesh-colour ; irides brown, Total length 5 inches, tail just under 2, 28 Kditorial. Female: S:milar but colours not so intense, the yellows being paler and upper plumage more greenish, with the forehead hlackish- brown. a oF Mr. Goodchild’s characteristic drawing’ glves an excellent idea of the general colour pattern, and if the darkest parts are taken, to represent black tinged with green, medium parts greenish-brown, and the light parts canary yellow, a good gieneral idea of the coloura- tion is gleaned. This species has been an occupant of English aviaries for the past three years, but has not yet been bred in cap- tivity and there have been several short notes concerning its demeanour in “ Bird Notes.” I have included the above as a sort of companion sketch to the note on the Sikhim Siskin, which appears in our report of the L.C.B.A. Show on page 3 of this issue. + Editorial. Tur Macazinu: In the closing down of one volume and the commencing of another, there is not only the retro- spective view, but the prospective as well; the past is done with, but the present and future are with us and before us. We cannot enter upon a fresh period, at least your Editor cannot, without some aspirations not merely to equal but to go “one better” than the past. This is our position as regards the new volume of Bird Notes of which this is the first issue; while our desire is to keep up bulk, number of plates, etc., it is not quantity alone that tells—yet, how can we go for- ward? We think, this must be by more taking a personal interest in their Club Journal—there are more than 75 je cent. of our members who never contribute to its contents—and sending accounts of their birdrooms, aviaries (and birds) and the many episodes that must occur in them. By becoming more observant of the birds we keep, noting every fact, studying cause and effect—our observation and its records cannot be too detailed—it is on these lines that we can go forward and make the matter in our Journal of more permanent interest in the future than in the past. Your Editor certainly hopes that there will be many new contributors during the year and that all the contributors to the past volume will be equally zealous for the present one. Oh LT What has been achieved in the past, has only been Editorial. 29 attained by the generous financial help of many members, far in excess of their annual subscriptions, and even with this assistance we have a relic of the past in the form of a deficit.. How can this be best dealt with? By all being indefatig-’ able in gathering in new Members, and by giving your Hon. Treasurer a double income this year, to clear off all incubus, and provide for some go-ahead work in coloured plates, etc., and promptly paying current year’s subscriptions, so that he may have funds to punctually meet all claims against us. Surely the position we have attained to (vide Roll), and the Journal we issue is worth this effort, both to establish what has been already achieved and to help us forward to a steadily progres- sive future (vide Notices to Members in inset) both as to numbers and influence. Tur Foreign Brrp Cuus, as its name indicates, is, so far as exhibition purposes go, limited to Fornran species, but there the limit ends, for as Bird-keepers or Aviculturists we are a Society for the purposes of keeping, breeding, and studying ALL species of birds, and our Journal, “ BIRD NOTES,” is fully comprehensive to the utmost extent—its pages are open to all species of the world’s birds and all appertain-: ing thereto, both as to their life in their native wilds and in captivity. We are desirous of extending the meetings of members. In the past these have been limited to the Zoo, but on January 17 the first (of a series we hope) meeting at the British Museum will take place, when by the courtesy of the Museum author- ities, the skins of the Weaver Group will be on display in the Bird Room. In the spring and summer the meetings at the London Zoo (at other centres too, we hope) will be resumed. The date of the Annual Dinner will be duly announced. , We solicit your help and co-operation in the year’s programme, as indicated above, both as to its financial and literary aspect. o-—__---- British Bird Catendar. Tt is urgently requested that Members from all round the coast will note the movements of birds, more especially in the Southern and Eastern Counties, and regularly (28th of each month) send in their notes—on this the ultimate success and permanent interest of the Calendar will depend— 30 British Bird Calendar. MIGRATION NOTES FROM N. UNST LIGHTHOUSE, SHETLAND. July 8—4 Ravens, 2 Hooded Crows stealing’ young Kittiwakes and Gulls. July 12—6 Common Gulls. First young Fulmar. July 30—Eider Duck and 3 young. August 9—Common Wren and a few Twites. August 18—Grey Wagtail, 3 Curiews, and young Bilack-headed Gulls. August 21—Grey Wagtail, numerous Rock and Meadow Pipits, 1 Wren, First young Fulmar left his nest. August 28—1 Whimbrel. August 29—Numerous Pipits and Wheatears, 1 Puffin at lantern. August 31—2 Falcons, 2. Herons, Wheatear, Wagtail and Meadow Pipit. September 1—2 Turnstones, and a few Puffins still to be seen. September 4—3 Grey Wagtails, Meadow Pipit, and a great number of Petrels at lantern. September 10—First Glaucous Gull and 1 Grey Goose. September 11—2 ‘Wheatears and a few ‘Terns. September 12—First Snow Bunting. September 26—Snow Bunting and Wheatears at lantern. September 27—Starlings at lantern, 1 Heron seen. September 28—Merlin Hawk and numerous Meadow Pipits. September 28—Redwing' and Snow Buntings at lantern. September 30—20 'Turnstones. October 1—Brambling, Redwing, and Wheatear. October 6—13 Hider Ducks. October 10—Great Skua and 1 Golden-crested Wren. October 11—1 Robin, October 13—Large flocks of Eider Ducks, 1 Blackbird, 2 Redwing. Last Great Skua seen. October 20—1 Chaffinch. October 23—Fieldfare, Redwing and Starlings, and 16 Bernicle Geese: also seen on 24th. October 27—Ruch of Fieldfares, Redwings, Mealy Redpolls, 2 Robins, Snow Buntings, Blackbirds and Starlings. : : P z ; : , har : MN - 1 a - = > J = ~ = >i ae = 1 ' < Sart ’ F : i ‘ p 7 - . 4 ; ” i : - ; : ; seh - : ’ We @ 5 € - < * ‘ s ® + a? Yb 7 ’ ae SHA SUDUTAL ‘8 hq O10 T (asd.woonp DNIVIDD \ OOIWYDOD Sd.t09n (f ‘SHLON Gul The Old and The New. 7 My ¢ : UPR CROGCORIENG 4 . 4] ARF re x : [EEFR Css | lh coe _————$ Mf tw) =e z fe é : q : & ms) = mi € 1s G 2 b " zZ a g 8 F Z oR roof over open flight, and the battens and rafters covered with netting, but the portion over the balconies was _ left as it originally was, 7.e., covered with slates. I have thus combined shelter and covered and open flights. I think it ought to answer well, as it is well sheltered SCALE OF FEET.. 78 The Old and The New. from the north and east, and catches the sun somewhere during all hours of the day. The above description and the plans should make all the arrangements clear. There is nothing to record re- garding the birds in this, as the birds have but recently been transferred thereto. 1913 In Tur Own Avrary: The season was a very mixed one and brought many disappointments. Cockateels.—For the second year in succession fhese failed to hatch out; the eggs, three in number, apparently infertile, on being opened, were found to be dried up. White Java Sparrows.—These built a large nest in a covered box, depositing three eggs therein, but the hen, after incubating for some time, was found dead in the nest. Senegal Doves.—These nested three times—the nestlings did well until they left the nest, whereupon they all went “wrong” in the legs and eventually died. The nest—of the flimsiest construction— was built in the remains of an old Xmas tree in the shelter, which is quite a dry place, so.that the trouble cannot, I should think, have been damp and cramp. I fancy the old birds were too anxious to go to nest again and neglected their progeny, which then developed rickets or something similar. Chaffinches.—Built a perfect nest in a box bush, and out of a clutch of three eggs hatched out one chick, which died almost at once. Hybrids.—My fine cock~ Bullfinch, after flirting with a hen. Chaffinch, eventually settled down with a hen Linnet as partner. She built a nest in some ivy and laid three eggs, but the nest was pulled about by some other bird. However, she built again in a box bush,’ sat patiently for a month and then gave up—the eggs heing infertile. A cock Black-headed Nun mated with an odd hen Zebra.Finch, built a nest in a covered box, and laid three eggs; of these two hatched and did well until nearly fledged, when for some reason they died. In the nestling plumage they resembled their mother and did not appear to show any trace of their male parent. Zebra Finches.—These did fairly well as usual, and would have done even better, but for their habit of laying in the nest again before the previous brood had flown, IThe Birds on Buena Vista Lake. 79 These are all episodes of the old aviary and, with the usual optimism that sets in about this time of the vear, I now look forward to better happenings in the new aviary this season. + The Birds on Buena Vista Lake, Southern California By Wm. SHORE BAILY. (Continued from page 57). The White Brant (Chen hyperborea) or Snow Goose is one of the commonest birds on the Lake. Its pure white body and black wing tips make it a very con- spicuous object. The Black Brant (Branta nigricans) are about the same size, and might easily be mistaken for mini- ature Canadas. A flock of Canadas (Branta canadensis) were sleeping further out. These are quite twice the size of any of the other American Geese, a gander easily weighing 15 Ibs. All these Geese do an immense amount of damage to the grain and alfalfa fields. At certain times of the year, the ranchers have to employ a small army of men to destroy them. Whilst I was looking out on the lake my little dog had been busy hunting on its own account in the bushes, and he presently proudly brings me back a Cotton-tail Rabbit. There are two varieties of these little animals. One exactly like our English Rabbit but about half the size, and the other still smaller, of a bluish-grey colour, and without the white tail. The dog next put up a flock of Quail. These birds are very numerous all over the State, and one finds them in all sorts of surroundings. In the mountains, there is anotber handsome variety, also crested, but equal in size to our English Partridge. I do not know its local or scientific name. The call is like that of a hen Turkey. The sun was now near setting, so selecting a sheltered spot, I soon had a fire going, and a comfortable bed of dried tules prepared. The Cotton-tail proved a welcome addition to our supper, which consisted of flapjacks, preserved fruit, and coffee. In these latitudes there is hardly any twilight, and although it may seem absurd to us in England to go to bed at 7 o'clock, when camping out there is really nothing else to do. Wrapped in my blankets on a soft bed of tules, with the little dog to 80 The Birds on Buena Vista Lake. keep off hogs and other vermin, I was comfortable enough. The cries of the various waterfowl, most of which are night feeders are much more noticeable by night than by day. I could plainly distinguish the various calls of Mallard, Teal, Wigeon, Shovellers, Gadwall, Pintail, Coots, Moorhens, Night Herons, Bitterns, and many others, while the occasional un- earthly scream of a wild cat—no doubt feeding on some of the stranded Carp—-came up from the southern shore. Every now and then a dead silence would come over the Lake, only to be broken a moment later by an increased clamour of squawks, quacks, and whistles. I have never been able to explain these sudden silences. The birds seem to stop calling as if on a given signal. After a good night’s rest, I was up at the first glimmer of dawn, and after a cup of hot coffee and the remains of the previous night's supper, I set out again, having the longest half of ‘the journey:'still to make. Around the point, on a broken down bunch of tules, I surprised an old coon, who had evidently eaten the best part of a 20Ib. carp. These animals are excellent swimmers, and it didn’t take him long to reach the shore. A Harrier, looking for break- fast, skims close by me. TI see its eye fixed on the wooden decoys in the bow of the boat, but it thinks hetter of at- tacking them, and go off \in‘ pursuit of a passing flock of Teal, a useless chase unless there should be a crippled one amongst them. From around the next point comes the well-known trumpeting of Swans. Their call might easily be mistaken for the distant sound of a pack of hounds when in full cry. Over a hundred of these birds were feeding in the shallow water some three hundred yards inside of me. On seeing the boat they separated into families; the two old birds, with from three to four young ones, seldom more, and easily distinguishable from their parents by their darker colour. As I approached nearer, flock after flock took wing, and made for the open water, where they usually spend the day. I was now nearing my friends’ camp which was situated at the mouth of the Kern River. Here the northern belt of tules commences, extending right across the Lake a distance of ten miles. I found my friends busy making preparations for a trip into Mexico, so after a short stay I set off for camp. The belt of tules through which I was now passing, varies in width from a half to two miles, and shuts off the northern ‘SHLON CUIg The Birds on Buena Vista Lake. 81 feeding grounds from the open waters of the Lake. In this wilderness are enclosed innumerable open spaces or ponds, varying in size from an acre or less to over one hundred acres, and joined to each other by narrow water-ways. These open spaces are the haunts of numberless water fowl of every description, which as soon as the shooting season is over, be- come extremely tame and confiding. Teal and Shovellers were everywhere feeding upon the seeds of the tules. Red- headed Pochards andScaup or Blue-bills (Mari/a marila) as the Americans call them, were found in every pond. Sleeping upon a broken down bunch of tules were a pair of Cinnamon Teal (Querquedula cyanoptera), which only took wing when my boat was within twenty yards of them, and then alight again in the near distance. On passing from one pond to another, T noticed a small flock of Wigeon—a rather different bird to our English Wigeon—not so common as some of the other Ducks out west. These Wigeon were, IT found, waiting on a small flock of “anvas-hacks that were diving in their midst. As soor as a Canvas-back appeared from the depths with some waterweed in its beak, the Wigeon made a dash at him and probably secured half of it. Moving on quietly without disturbing them, I noted a Bittern fishing from a ledge of tules. On seeing me it pointed its beak to the sky and stiffened its hody. With a few strokes of the paddle, I gave the boat sufficient impetus to reach him, and as it glided silently by, reached out my hand and touched its body, wak- ing him up rather rudely. They differ. T believe, from the English bird, but are very similar both in appearance and habits. Their breeding call resembles the sound made by oars in ungreased rowlock. TI have more than once been fooled by them. A little further on T came across a colony of Nighi Herons busy preparing their nests. The hig Grey Heron does not nest in the tules, but selects the tall cotton wood= on the banks of the river. I was now near Pelecan Tsland, so decided to stop and stretch my legs. The island is only a few hundred yards long and in no place more than six fee: above the water. Here the Cormorants and Pelicans raise their young. The island is heavily coated with guano, and as the smell is extremely powerful ,a very short stay proved enough for me. On leaving the island T had to thread my way through a submerged forest of willows, Some were 82 The Birds on Buena Vista Lake. Standing 20ft. or more out of the water, making splendid resting places for the Gulls and Cormorants. On one tall branch, a large light coloured bird was perched, which on a nearer approach, proved to be an Iceland Falcon, the only one of its kind I have seen outside the Zoo. It suffered me to approach within thirty yards before it took wing. With the sun shining on it, it looked quite white, and nearly twice the size of a Peregrine. It was now getting towards lunch and siesta time, so I selected a bunch of tules, where I could get a good view of one of the larger ponds and tied up to the boat. After a well-earned lunch, I followed the example of the rest of the animal kingdom in my neighbour- hood and prepared for a half hour’s sleep. Whilst half-dozing I was amused by the antics of a little Rail, which kept on popping in and out of the boat. Had the dog not been there I have no doubt that it would have run all over me, as they are very fearless. It is considerably less in size than the English Water Rail, but similar in colour. Another little bird to pay me a visit was a Wren, As far as I ean re- member it was exactly like our Jenny, but I have never seen if in California except in the tules, where it. breeds, so I must conclude that it is a different species to ours. In the middle of the pond a small flock of Red-breasted Mergan- sers (Mergus serrator), were now feeding. I couldn't help noticing how different they were in this respect from the other diving ducks. The Canvas- Backs, Red-heads, efc., nearly always reappear within a few yards of where they have dived, while the Mergansers pop up sometimes fifty or sixty yards from where they went down. This little flock were feeding on young white fish. Nearer to me a pair of Gadwalls were looking for a building site. These and the Wigeon and Pin- tail are grass feeders, and spend much of their time on the marshes and irrigating ditches. After an hour’s rest, I de- cided to push through to the feeding grounds, where the water is shallow, and I could use the pole. On the way I almost ran on top of a flock of Grey Geese. These are not nearly so common as the other three varieties mentioned, the flocks seldom exceeding a dozen birds. From the black bars across the breast, I took them to be White-fronted (Anser albifrons gambeli), Thousands of Coots (Fulica americana)—without doubt the commonest bird on the lake— The Birds on Buena Vista Lake. 83 scuttled into the tules. Moorhens, mostly in pairs, beat a more leisurely retreat. These differ from our bird, in having a rather larger shield upon the forehead. As the water shallows the tules stand higher out of it, and many of them were now quite twelve feet high and it was very hard and hot work forcing a way through them. At last I got out but found comparatively few birds upon the feeding grounds. In the season at daybreak, the Ducks literally darken the sky, when they leave for the open water, and the noise of their wings sounds like half-a-dozen express trains dash- ing through a tunnel. A pair of Greenshanks were feeding on a near by mud-bank. These birds were uncommon and I have never seen more than one or two together. In the shallow water and with the pole I now made good progress, Most of the birds passed, were the same as those already described. Very noticeable, however, were the fish-eating Snakes, of which there were hundreds. In some places a dozen or more were wrapped up together, enjoying the heat of the sun. They seldom exceed 6ft. in length, but can easily swallow a 4lb. fish. T also passed a good many Terrapin. These are about as big over as a tea plate and are much sought after for the city markets. As, I got near the eastern shore I noticed a flock of dark Waders. These turned out to be Bronze Tbis, and they contrasted very prettily with their companions, Herons and Egrets. These birds allowed me to pass within fifteen yards of them before they walked quietly away. I am informed that both varieties used to breed upon the lake, but they have not done so of recent years, owing to the persecution of the plume hunters. On the way up the canal to camp I passed an immature Great Northern Diver. I have never seen the old birds out there. ‘Too far south, I suppose. It was now nearly sun-down, and thou- sands of Redwinged (Agelaeus phoniceus), and Yellow-headed (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus) Starlings were returning to roost in the tules. The noise they make at roosting time, closely resembled the murmur of our English birds. In conclusion I would say that there are many other varieties of birds on the Lake that I have not mentioned, and to anyone fond of ornithology, a month or two on Buena Vista would make an ideal holiday. 84 Freely Imported Species. Freely Imported Species. THE SILVERBILL. By H. Mmaxin. The Silverbill is one of the most freely imported species of foreign birds, vet it is one of the brightest and most in- teresting, one of the easiest to keep and acclimatise, but at the same time one which has been written about probably less than any other. There are two species, the African (Aidemosyne cantans) and the Indian (A. malabarica). Both are very much alike in colouring, and probably exactly so in habits, disposition, etc. For some occult reason, however, the Indian species is much less frequently imported than its African cousin, and commands a correspondingly higher price. In spite of this, both species are grouped together at shows under the heading of ‘‘Common Seedeaters,” with the result that seldom either is exhibited. Last year a pair of A. maiabarica was shown by Mr. Watts, and not only captured the first prize, but also the hearts of all who had the good fortune to see them. Description: The Silverbill may be briefly described as a small bird, slightly longer and slimmer than the Aus- tralian Zebra Finch; its beak, which appears almost too big for the body, is of a dull grey (leaden-silver) colour; above, its body is tawny-grey in colour, but below it is cream—al- most white. The male has a sweet little song which it xeeps up all day long, especially in the house, flapping or rather distending its tail with a fan-like motion all the time. The hen has no song, and her beak is said to be a shade narrower than that of her mate, but it requires a good eye and per- haps a “sympathetic imagination” to notice the difference; song is the best test of sex. The Indian species differs in being darker and having less markings on its back, whiter cheeks, and also the rump and upper tail-coverts are white. New arrivals. Newly imported specimens do not give anything like the trouble that Firefinches or Cordon Bleus do. They are generally in good condition and the males commence singing within an hour of being taken from their travelling box. This, however, is no reason why proper precautions should not be taken. All new arrivals should be put in cages away from other birds until a fortnight or three weeks has elapsed, when, if looking “fit” they may be allowed to mix Freely Imported Species. 85 with acclimatised birds. Those imported in autumn or win- ter will not, of course, be put in the out-door aviary until the following May, and then only during what looks like a spell of settled weather. Breeding, etc. All my experiences are confined to the African species. I well remember some years ago see- ing a pair—or rather a couple—of small foreign birds in a local bird-catcher’s window. He said they were a true pair of Bengalese Finches, but as he only demanded eighteen pence for them Linvestedthatamount. The next morning one of them began to sing, but the other sat with its head under its wing, and Isoon came to the conclusion that its mission on earth was at an end. It was a little brown bird with a black head, but it was not until I purchased our Editor’s “ Foreign Birds for Beginners,” that I discoevred the *‘ Bengalese Finches” were a Silverbill and a Black-headed Nun. So much for a bird catcher’s knowledge of ornithology. ‘This Silverbill lived in an ordinary wire Canary-cage, for a long time, in per- fect health, always ready to sing. The only time it ever looked “seedy”? was when I tried to make it spend a week- end without any white millet. It certainly never got “ finger- tame’ but soon ceased to flutter when any one went near it, and was a source of pleasure and amusement to everyone in the house. After that I bought several more birds includ- ing Bengalese (real ones this time), Waxbills of various sorts, and a Pekin Robin. With.all these the Silverbill was on good terms, ready at all times to sing or make love to any who offered him the least encouragement. When they they were put into a small out-door aviary, A. cantans thoroughly enjoyed himself. He examined every corner, bathed himself, and danced about as though he had found himself once more in his African wilds. One day I saw him dancing and sing- ing round a big Barbary Dove. It was not until about Christmas time 1912 that I managed to secure a hen Silverbill. This was one which had nested in the aviary of a friend in Luton. The pair spent the winter indoors in a box-cage about twenty-four inches long, eighteen high, and fifteen wide. When spring came they were duly put into the aviary and at once set about nesting. After every box, husk, and nest had been examined, they decided in favour of an oblong box, eight ” 86 Freely Imported Species. inches long and five inches high and wide, with a hole in the front. Grass and hay, and in fact any bits of rubbish, such as string, paper,and millet spray stalks, were carried in until the box was nearly full. Then five small white eggs were laid. These were duly incubated, until a most irritating accident occurred. Among the inhabitants of the aviary was a Nuthatch. This was a very amusing bird, always on the move, running and climbing about like a little blue mouse. However, one day I went into the aviary and no Nuthatch was to be seen. I searched high and low and began to think there was some little hole from which he had escaped. All at once I heard a scraping in the Silverbill’s nest-box, and found there the missing bird, sittmg among the egg shells. He no doubt had been trying to hatch them, but I took care he didn’t have another chance. The Silverbills were soon at work again, and before a week had elapsed, they commenced laying another clutch. This time all went well and in about six weeks time I had the pleasure of seeing four little Silverbills leave the nest, look- ing the image of their parents—perhaps a trifle lighter in colour. When they hatched (after twelve days’ incubation), they looked most disgusting. Most birds at that stage look rather uninviting, but, these were more like slimy reptiles than birds. They were fed most assiduously by their parents, almost entirely on millet seed. I never once saw them during that period touch green-stuff of any description, and insectile food they never partook of at any period. For a fortnight at least the young Silverbills were fed by their parents; it was most amusing, also, to note how they were “put to bed”’ every evening about five o’clock, and how anxiously the parent Silverbills fluttered about, when one evening their children insisted on spending the night on a perch instead of in the nest pox. After a short time, the Silverbills “began again.” Five eggs were laid, and then occurred an incident which was the prelude to a series of annoying occurrences. One day, while in the aviary I accidentally knocked over the nest-box and of course broke all the eggs. Most unwisely, I threw the egg-shells on the floor and left them there. In a few days the Silverbills plucikly com- menced yet again. Two eggs were laid, and then disappeared. About this time other birds’ eggs disappeared in the same Freely Imported Species. 87 irritating fashion. Zebra Waxbills had nested and their four eggs were minus one morning. A pair of Greenfinches also suffered. I of course cast my eye round for the culprit. A fine, loud-singing Pekin Robin was the first suspect, and he was removed. Stil) eggs disappeared. Then a Bramble- finch and a Chaffinch came under the ban, but all to no purpose. At last I caught the thief “in the act.” It was an innocent-looking Linnet. No doubt he had eaten the eggs which, as previously mentioned, were thrown on the floor, and so had acquired the taste. Moral: Don’t leave eggs or egg-shells lying about. By this time the Silverbills were feeling rather sore, and did not go to nest again for some time. At last they chose an old custard-powder tin hanging up in the most exposed part of the aviary. Four eggs were laid, and all went well. In due time they were hatched, and then occurred a very sad event. When the young birds were only a week old, Mr. Silverbill died. Mrs. Silverbill, however, stuck to her duties, and reared three of the youngsters. They were very small and weakly, and were not independent for nearly two months. From this, I think it will be gathered that A. cantans are interesting birds and worthy of a place in any aviary. Never still, never quarrelsome or bullying, always ready to sing, easy to acclimatise, and ready to breed, they are ideal birds for cage or indoor aviary; but of course, to see them at their best, they must be put where there is some grass, reeds, or bushes, and there, flitting about from twig to twig, they form a picture not easily forgotten. Silverbills form a very good subject for hybridising. According to a list compiled by our esteemed Editor, it has been successfully crossed with the Bengalese, Bib, Chestnut- breasted, Olive, Spice, Striated, Sharp-tailed, and Zebra Finches, as well as, with the St. Helena Waxbill and the White-headed Nun. TI am sure if those who have been so fortunate as to breed these hybrids, would send descriptions of them to “ Bird Notes”’ it would be of general interest. 88 Birds of the Jhelum District. Birds of the Jielum District. Ieve Jal, \Wfisndsfivpor, ILIP, IMC IB KO). ORNITHOLOGICAL NOTES FROM THE PUNJAB. Our various periodicals on Natural History contain so many diaries on bird observation in the British Isles, that it may possibly be of interest to our members to read a similar diary from India, as from it some idea may be gained of the richness of the material that lies ready for the observation of the Ornithologist in that country. Although the notes from which this calendar was compiled were written uv daily I have thought it better to write up the calendar at the end of the month, so as to gain a_ better perspective of the relative importance of the notes made: this will account for various observations which would >therwise seem a little like prophecy! I regret that the exigencies of time and distance do not allow the notes to appear in the month following that to which they would refer; it would then have been more interesting for comparison with the almost contem- porary conditions in England. Unless otherwise stated all notes refer to the immediate neigh- »curhcod, of Jhelum City, situated on the River Jhelum, and head- quarters of the Jhelum district, which is bounded on the north by Rawal Pindi district and Jammu Native State (at the foot of the Himalayas), and on the south by Gujrat district. Within half a mile of my bungalow is a Government Reserved Forest Block or Rak, situated on the right bank of the river. This Rak and the River beside it are an ideal col- lecting ground. Otherwise the immediate neighbourhood is chiefly cul- tivation on sandy soil with scattered trees. The nomenclature is mainly that of Blandford and Oates, Fawna of British India—Birds. Jan. 1.—One of the most interesting features of bird life at present is the enormous quantities of Rooks and Jackdaws which come to roost nightly in the Government Forest Block near my bungalow: these birds arrived in the district in the middle of October, obtaining their full strength of num- bers by the end of that month; and from their first arrival they came to roost in company with the House Crows (Corvus splendens) which sleep in the Block all the year round. The stream of birds arriving to roost starts about two hours before sunset, the House Crows being the first to arrive; the Rooks and the Jackdaws keep together, and arrive as a rule apart from the Crows, some of the bands coming at a tremendous height. When the weather was warmer the sand-banks of the River Jhelum, which runs alongside the Block, were black with the numbers of birds that settled for a final drink; but now that the weather is cold this ‘night-cap” is mostly discontinued, Birds of the Jhelum District. 89 The return flight starts shortly before sunrise, and lasts but a short time, the birds departing more en masse than they arrive. The Rooks belong to the sub-species Corvus frugi- legus tschusii, Hartert ; differing from our Inglish bird in its smaller measurements and the shape of the bill. ‘The Jackdaw, which is much less abundant than the Rook and the shyest of all the species in the Block, is Coloews mone- dula collaris (Drummond); this race differs from our bird chiefly in having a crescent of fine white on the sides of the neck; but this feature is somewhat variable. Jan. 2—There are still a fair number of Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris pollaratskyi, Finsch) about; but their numbers steadily decrease towards the end of the month; they arrived towards the end of October. An adult ©’ Spotted Dove (Turtur swratensis) ob- {ained; a rare straggler here, although common in other parts of India. In the Forest Block I shot a Q Red-flanked Bush- Robin Yarsiger rufilatus (Hodgs.), which is very rare at this low elevation (827 feet), being a Himalayan species found up to 1,000 feet. Also obtained a specimen of the Grey-headed Flycatcher Warbler Cryptolopha x. xan- thoschistos (Hodgs.). Jan. 3.—Went out to look for nests of the Dusky Eagle Owl (Bubo coromandus) of which there are three or four pairs in the Forest Block. One was flushed from an untidy and old looking stick nest in a Shisham tree in a dense part of the Block ; this was investigated next morning and found to con- tain half-incubated eggs. The other pairs do not appear to be nesting as yet. A common Kingfisher (Alcedo ispida bengalensis, Gm.) seen. A small flock of Blossom-headed Parrakeets (Palacornis cyanoccphalus), noted; also three Yellow-fronted Pied Woodpeckers (Liopicus mahrattensis). Jan. 4.—Found a nest containing two slightly incubated eggs of the Indian Tawny Eagle (Aquila vindhiana); it was a large untidy structure placed at the top of a medium sized Shisham tree—one of two trees standing together in the middle of a wide expanse of cultivation. Flocks of the Indian Ring Dove (Turtwr risorius) on the golf course; a large numbe. of White-backed Vultures (Pseudogyps bengalensis) and Griffon Vulture, (Gyps sp”) collected and sitting about on the ground. A single King Vulture (Otogyps calvus) flying over the river. My Fal- coner saw and unsuccessfully tried to catch two Saker Falcons (alco cherrug). I spent the greater portion of the day sailing down the river for about eight miles above Jhelum; here the 90 Birds of the Jhelum District. river is much divided by islands and sandbanks, where there were great quantities of Ducks, sitting either on the sand and stones by the water’s edge, or resting on the sur- face of the water, often allowing themselves to drift rapid- ly with the current; the majority were Mallard, Teal, and Gadwall. Also there were the greatest number of Ruddy Sheld-drakes (Casarca rutila) that I have seen; on one occasion I counted over thirty on the wing together. he collects for Darwinism or any other ‘ism, it is hopeless to expect zoological science to progress.” The book runs into XXXIX chapters and a comprehensive index, we give contents below :— Chapter I. Birds in a Grove; IL. The Magpie Robin; IIL. The Indian Snake-Bird ; 1V. Minivets; V. The Power of Animals to Express Thought , Vi. Pied Woodpeckers; VIL. A Jhil out of Season; VIII. Birds in White; IX. The Pied-crested Cuckoo; X. Vultures; XI. The Indian Robin; XII. The Shikra; XIII. A Finch of Roseate Hue ; XIV. Birds on the Lawn; XV. The Grey Hornbill; XVI. The Flamingo ; XVI. Summer Visitors to the Punjab Plains; XVIII. A Bird of Many Aliases; XIX. Paddy Birds at Bedtime; XX. Merlins; XXI. The Com- mon Wryneck; XXII. Green Pigeons; XXIII. Bulbuls’ Nests; XXIV. Nightingales in India; XXV. The Wire-tailed Swallow; XXVI. Win- ter Visitors to the Punjab Plains; XXVII. A Kingfisher and a Tern; XXVIII The Red Turtle Dove; XXIX. Birds in the Millet Fields; XXX. Hoopoes at the Nesting Season; XXXI. The Largest Bird in India; XXXII. The Swallow-Plover; XXXIII. The Birds of a Madras Garden; XXXIV. Sunbirds; XXXV. The Bank Myna; XXXVI. The Jackdaw; XXXVII. Fighting in Nature; XXXVIII. Birds and But- terflies, XAXIX. Voices of the Night; Index. Instead of personal comment to any extent I am yielding to the temptation to partially reprint the first chapter, and leave my readers to judge for themselves. Brrps IN THE GrRovEe:—‘‘The small groves that usually sur- round hamlets in Oudh are favourite resorts of birds.” “I know of few more pleasant ways of passing an hour than under the trees in such a grove at the beginning of December, when the weather is perfect. The number of birds that show themselves is truly astonishing.” ‘ Recently I tarried for a little time in such a grove consist- ing of half-a-dozen mango trees, a tamarind and a pipal, and witnessed there a veritable avian pageant—a pageant accompanied by music.” “The Sunbirds (Arachnechthra asiatica) were the leading min- strels. There may have been a dozen of them in the little tope. To count them was impossible, because Sunbirds are never still for two seconds together. When not flitting about amid the foliage, looking for insects they are playing at hide-and-seek, or pouring out their canary-like song. At this season of the year the cocks are in undress plumage. In his full splendour the male is glistening purple; but in August he loses nearly all his purple gloss and becomes brown above Book Notices and Reviews. 101 and ashy grey below, save for a purple stripe running downwards from his chin. The hen is at all times brown above and yellow below.” In like charming manner the author notes the Red-whiskered Bulbul, Doves, and Indian Redstart. “At intervals, a curious few emanated from the foliage. A short search reveals the black-headed oriole (Oréolus melanoecphalus), a glorious golden bird, head and neck black, and some black on the wing. This. creature never seems to descend to the ground; it dwells always in the greenwood tree and its life is one long search for fruit, cater- pillars and other creeping things. . . . . . . First and foremost ihe fan-tailed flycatcher (Rhipidura albifrontata)—the prima donna o! the tope—presented herself. Like a fairy in a pastoral play, she comes into view from some leafy bower, announcing her appearance by five or six joyous notes that mount and descend the musical scale. 5 she is a dancer as well as a singer, and she pirouettes up and down a horizontal branch, bowing now to right and now to left, spreading her tail like a fan and suddenly breaking off her dance to make a flight after an insect.’ Similarly are introduced Tickell’s Blue Flycatcher (Cyornis tie- kelli), Red-breasted Flycatcher (Siphia parva), Grey-headed Flycatcher (Culicicapa ceylonensis), Crow Pheasant (Centropus rufipennis), etc. “I returned to the mango tree beneath which I had been stand- ing, anc in so doing disturbed a bee-eater (Merops viridis) that was perching on one of the lower branches. . . .. . . The calls of blos- som-headed parrakeets (Palaeornis cyanocephalus), far softer and mel- lower than those of the rose-ringed species, had at frequent intervals mingled with the notes of the other birds. . . . . . Sharp sounds, like those made by insects, issuing from every tree, revealed the presence of warblers. .... . At intervals the to-wee to-wee of the tailor- bird (Orthotomus sutorius) had rung out clear and distinct from the medley of sounds that filled the grove. ..... .I have omitted to mentior the sprightly magpie robin (Copsychus saularis). Having spent an hour in the grove, I had to return to my tent to work without, having witnessed al the dramatis personae of the daily pageant. As I was leaving the tope a hen brown-backed robin (Thamnobia cambai- ensis) hopped out of an arhar field and stood beneath a mango tree, carrying her tail erect so as to display the red undertail coverts.” Wc only regret that space has not permitted us to quote the whele chapter, and can only add, procure the book and read it in its entirety. There is not a dull paragraph in it—it will please, interest and instruct, whether or not we agree with the author’s deductions from the personal observations and field notes he has marshalled to- gether. To the aviculturist it will specially appeal, as it deals with so many species, which inhabit our aviaries, and tells of their haunts, habits, and demeanour both in the wilds and gardens of India. We cordially recommend ‘Glimpses of Indian Birds” to our readers as a valuable addition to their bookshelves. Books Received: Condor, Report of the Giza Zoological Gardens, 102 Correspondence. Bulletin of Menagerie Club, Bulletin of New York Zoological Society, e(c., to which we hope to refer in next issue. & ---— Correspondence HAND REARING OF SWIFTS. Su,—It may interest some of my fellow-members to hear how I bicught up some Swift nestlings last summer. Swifts in this coun- try are considered excellent for eating when not yet out of the nest and Jaden with fat. The law, however, forbids birds being taken from the nest, ano the Fiorentine Municipal Guards confiscated a cage containing 25 young Swifts, probably destined for the market. The authorities sent the birds to the Society for the Protection of Animals and from thence they were brought to me, to do what I could for them. My heart sank when I saw the poor helpless creatures huddled together in a dark heap, and I expected to see them die of starvation one after another, and thought that a dose of chloroform would be the most merci- ful way of disposing of them. I began by trying a little milk, but anything liquid seemed to choke them and it came out of their nostrils. Then I had some bullock’s heart chopped up very fine, but it was very sticky and stuck in their throats. I then dipped it in water and added dried ants’ eggs also dipped in water, and on this they thrived’ very satisfactorily. We fed them four times a day, and it took about an hour and a quarter each time. A few days later 20 more Swifts were sent me in the same way and | pursued the same plan. As soon as the ycung birds lost their infant fat and their wings were strong enough to fly we launched them into the air from the roof of the house. Of the whole lot (45 birds) only eight or nine died, and of these one was dead when it reached my house, two had broken wings, and the others were perhaps too young to rear. It was a great pleasure to see them soaring in wide circles in the free air, after having taken a good deal of trouble in saving them from starvation. GIULIA TOMMASSI BALDELUI. 4, Via Silvio, Pelico, Florence, Italy. 13-i1.-’14. HOMING INSTINCT OF BIRDS. Sir,—On Sunday last I had a remarkable experience with iy small Finches ani Waxbills. Through an oversight the door of my garden-aviary was left wide open, when noticed I found that all the little birds had escaped and were flying about the garden; I was naturally in despair, es- pecially as a gale was blowing from the S.W., and the ittle mites were goo- carried away out of sight over the adjacent gardens. After about three hours wandering up and down the garden in a most unhappy mood. I noticed my three Cordon Bleus were in the garden again, and Correspondence. 103 {at once scattered some seed about the aviary door and inside, and very soon they went in. I quickly closed the door and very soon had them shut in the inner flight and the outer door open again, while I began to feel a wee bit more cheerful. The next to arrive (now pouring with rain) was a Lavender Finch, and the above process was repeated with success, and a simila: result attended the return of a pair of Grey Waxbills. By this time, though nearly wet through, I was feeling decidedly more cheerful and wondering at the intelligence of these wee mites, as I had seen them, when making enquiries, some three or four hundred yards away from the aviary. I at last listened to the entreaties of my wife and went in to dinner, but before I had commenced I saw from the dining-room window that the Orange-cheeked Waxbills were in the garden again, so, of course, | had to go out and hold myself in readiness to close the aviary door, which I was soon able to do, I am pleased to say. There were now still at large four Zebra Finches, two Bengalese, and a pair of T'ri-coloured Nuns; towards the end of the afternoon [ observed the lasf-named hovering round the aviary, but they seemed unable to find the entrance, and after a time they were carried away by the wind again and I saw nothing more of any of the birds that dav. Next morning, while I sat at breakfast, the Nuns again ap- peared on the top of the aviary, much to my surprise, as I thonght after a night in the open with nothing to eat they would probably have met their fate; after a time they went into the aviary and were svon enjoying a hearty meal. I was away all day, but understand that none of the others put in an appearance, so must mourn them as lost for ever, to me, I suppose. . Ot the sixteen birds that escaped ten have returned of their own free will, none of whom seem any the worse for their experience. 1 wonder if any other members have had similar mishaps ind with what result. HH Pe GEhOVNS: Hamptou Wick. 11-i1.-’14. —+#— Post Mortem Reports. Vide Rules (See Page iii of Cover.) Drap Birps ror Post Mortem EXAMINATION RBCEIVED DURING THE Month ARE REPORTED UPON IN THE Fontowina Issur oF “Birp Norss.” Diamond Dove. (W. E. Teschemaker, Teignmouth, Devon). The cause of death was pneumonia, which commonly arises during transit. The remains were in a very good condition but the crop did not contain any food. 104 - Errata. Pinrain Nonpariet. (W. T. Rogers, Brentwood). The cause of death was pneumonia. They are very difficult birds to acclimatise in this country. Probably 99 per cent. succumb before they have been here three months. PEKIN Ropin. (Mrs. Turner-Turner, Beaulieu, Hants). ‘There was a cheesy mass near the syrinx. The lungs and liver were full of extravasted blood, no doubt due to rupture of the blood vessels, arising during the time the bird was being killed. GouprincH. (J. E. Ogg, Cockburnsprutt, Berwickshire). Cause of death, amyloid degeneration of the liver. LonG-TAILED GrassFINcH (Q). (Dr. E. ©. Sprawson, High- gate). Cause of death, fatty degeneration of the liver. BLACK-HEADED GOULDIAN FINCH (GC). (R. FE. Simpson, Armley. Leeds). Cause of death, intense pneumonia. MALACHITE SunBirD (Q). (A. Ezra, 110, Mount Street, W.) The kidneys had undergone fatty changes. No doubt death was due to syncope. Hartz Canary (Q). (Miss M. M. Jackson, Harrogate). There was intense anemia. The skin was affected with eezema. WHITE JAVA SPARROW (C'). (Mrs. Lamb, Worting, Basing- stoke). The cause of death was “bird-fever,’ which is very con- tagious. The spleen was enlarged five times its normal size. Isolate and disinfect. The disease is very prevalent just now. BLACK-CHEEK LOVEBIRD (oo). (W. H. Frith, 1 Agnes Road, Northampton. There was a catarrhal condition of the throat. Answered by Post:—Dr. Lovell-Keays (3). H. GRAY, -M.R.C.V:S. . Errata. Page 20, line 17, for “ (Conures,’ read’ (Conurus). Page 21, line 9, for “In ten hours” read “In two hours.” Page 21, line 13, for “absolutely apparently dead,” read “apparently absolutely dead.” Page 28° Re Himalayan Siskin. Unfortunately by some means the following paragraph :— “Mr. Goodchild’s characteristic drawing gives an excellent idea “of the general colour pattern, and if the darkest parts are taken “to represent black tinged with green, medium parts greenish “brown, and the light parts canary-yellow, a good general idea of “the colouration is gleaned,” got transposed ; it should have appeared on page 3, as it refers to the Sikhim Siskim (Chrysomitris tibetana), the bird figured on the plate. Pave, 35) lineanp tor wamlton pameread mesos Page 35. line 14: for “small” read “Small.” Page 35, line 2ils tors LOM) oeereadmum oe Page 41, line 5 from bottom: for “dubous”’ read “ dubious,’ > é ¥ 3s - <> ae \\ ; pal ae Li ~ } ma, fet rilda e ronota All rights reserved. Aprin, 1914. BIRD NOTES: —— THE —— JOURNAL OF THE FOREIGN BIRD CLUB The Black-faced Waxbill. (Estrilda erythronota). Tere \Wyfioistiop’e GD. IRUNGlo LE IM Ziapslon 1olatole Perhaps I had better commence by enumerating the various species and races given under the designation, Black- faced Waxbill, in Shelley’s Birds of Africa, together with the range and differentiating plumages, from the above work : “The Grey Black-faced Waxbill (Estrilda nigricollis), ranges from the Gold Coast into the White Nile district.” “ Adults. General plumage leaden grey, rather darker above than beneath , rump, upper tail-coverts, and outer webs of tail-feathers crimson, remainder of tail black; wings dark brown strongly washed with grey , narrow margin to the front of the forehead, sides of head, chin and upper throat jet black; sides of breast with some white spots, generally in pairs on the feathers to which they belong. eyelids and bill pale greyish blue. Total length 4.4 inches, tail it 8. Mostly known to English aviculturists as the Black- cheeked Waxbill—very rare on English markets. “The Vinous Black-faced Waxbill (Estrilda vinacea) inhabits Senegambia.” Dr. Hopkinson has described this species in Bird Notes on several occasions, and it was figured in colour in Vol. ITI. (original series), page 117; thus description need not be given here. It is known to English aviculturists as the Vinaceous Firefinch (Lagonostieta vinacea)—somewhat irregular in its appearance on the English market and is never common. “Delamere’s Black-faced Waxbill (Hstrilda delameri) inhabits Ugogo and the Victoria Nyanza district.” “Adults. Similar to E. erythronota, with the same amount of black on the throat, breast, thighs, and under tail coverts; but differs: in being slightly paler, a more distinct pale marginal band behind the ear coverts, and the bars on the wings more sharply defined, clear black and white. In the two latter characters it most clearly resembles; 106 The Blach-faced Waxbiil. E. charmosyna ... . . bill and legs black. Total length 4.7 inches, tail 2.3.” Not known to English Aviculture. “The Somali Black-faced Waxbill (Hslrilda zharm- osyna) inhabits Somaliland, Southern Abyssinia, and Shoa.” “Adult. Similar to HE. erythronota in style of plumage, but differing in the crown, mantle, neck, throat, and underparts being paler and more pink; black of underparts restricted to a few feathers on the chin; centre of breast, abdomen, thighs, and under tail-coverts, pinkish buff; a rather strongly marked white marginal band behind the ear- eoverts.. : = - . . bill! and Jegs) black. ~ otal leneth >somnches wena Not known to English Aviculture. This brings us to the subject of our plate, viz., Vieil- lot’s Black-faced Waxbill, according to Shelley, but, as it is already known here as the Black-faced Waxbill, it will be best to continue this species (EH. erythronota) as simply Black- faced Waxbill, leaving the other species referred to above, to be given the prefix of the respective species when they come to hand. I should state that the descriptions quoted above are only partial and not given in full. THE BrLack-FACED WaAxpitL (LHstrilda erythronota): This fine species which forms the subject of our frontispiece, is, I think, most will agree, one of the most successful Mr. roodchild has drawn for us; if it has a fault, it is that the colours lack the intensity of the hues of the living bird, but that is the fault of reproduction. Till fairly recently it has been quite rare on the English market, but during last year quite a fair number came to hand, and at the present time its presence graces quite a number of English aviaries. According to Shelley, it ranges over South Africa generally to the north of 280 8. Lat. It is apparently most abundant in German South-west Africa. Anderson in “* Birds of Damara Land” states that it is generally distributed over Damara and Great Namaqua Land, and oceurs in large flocks, and is also found at Lake Ngami—he states that it agrees with its congeners in habits and manners. Of the St, Helena Wax-- bill, he writes :— “Tt lives in flocks, and is generally found upon the ground, where “it seeks its food, which consists of seeds, insects, &c.” Of the Black-faced, Stark writes :— “Tn the Transvaal during winter these pretty little birds feed The Black-faced Wazxbill. 107 “on the ground in small flocks, generally near bushes, to which they “fly if disturbed. Their food consists almost entirely of grass-seeds. “They have a low, gentle, twittering note, frequently repeated, when “they are searching for food and also as they take flight. Towards “spring the flocks break up and they remain in pairs till the following “autumn.” Description. Adult Male: Above, ashy-grey, suffused with crimson-maroon ; greyer on the top of the head; lower back and upper tail coverts crimson-maroon ; tail black; the whole plumage lined with transverse bars, very finely on the underparts, finely on mantle and back, very distinctly on the top of the crown and nape, and fairly broadly: so on the wings; eyebrow, sides of face and upper throat deep black ; below, lower throat grey, strongly suffused with crimson; front and sides of breast deep crimson-maroon; centre of breast, abdomen and under tail-coverts blackish ; bill dark slaty-grey, legs black. Total length 43 inches, tail 2%. Female.—She 1s a wee vit smaller than the male and the lines of her plumage a little less intense; the barrings of her plumage are neither so sharp nor so distinct as those of the male, especially on the wing; her head and beak are smaller and narrower than those of her mate. None of the differences are striking, yet quite sufficient for the observant eye to pick them out. In the Aviary. I am not personally acquainted with the species under the conditions of cage-life, but, that it does well under such, is evidenced by the excellent condition in which they are placed on the show-bench from time to time; and I have seen most excellent specimens in friends’ bird-rooms under this aspect. Before proceeding further, I am including here some notes, 'which in response to my request, my friend, Dr. Lovell-Keays, has kindly sent me of his im- pressions of this species, giving his experience of it in cage and bird-room flight, as under :— Female: She is a wee bit smaller than the male and the lines of her plumage a little less intense; the barrings of her plumage are neither so sharp nor so distinct as those of the male, especially on the wing, her head and beak are smaller and narrower than those of her mate. None of the differences are striking, yet quite sufficient for the observant eye to pick them out. “You ask about my experience with Black-faced Waxbills. I have had a few through my hands one time and another, and have found them rather delicate on the whole. They seldom come to hand raally fit and well, and appear prone to become fluffy and shuffle-off. “But they are charming little birds, full of life and vivacity— 108 The Black-faced Waxbill. absolutely friendly to all and sundry, whether it be birds small or great, or to mankind. JI have found them easier to tame than any other birds, at any rate among the hard-bills. Quarrelsomeness and pugnacity are certainly not their besetting sins. They quickly learn to come to hand for mealworms and seem to know no fear. They appear to be more or less gregarious, and at night-time ‘cuddle-up, not only with each other but other Waxbills. “Their call note is a prolonged ‘peep (pause) peep, some- what reminiscent of the call of the Long-tailed Tit. “They are very partial to Insectile Mixture, more so than most hard-bills, but do not partake of sop or fruit. I have never scen one bathe yet, nor have I ever seen one which has bathed. “Their distinguishing characteristics are their alertness, quick- ness of movement and friendliness. I wish I had fifty of them, as I feel sure they would agree absolutely hoth among themselves and with other birds. “T am sorry to say I have one that is apparently quite blind. In his cage, or rather her cag:, for it is a hen bird, are a Quail Finch nearly done to death by a Jacarini Finch (qc), a sick Gouldian Finch (©), and at times others have joined the company in the sana- torium. The little blind Black-face is wonderful at finding its way from perch to perch, and at finding seed and water. It also is won- derful at finding the Gouldian, and alas! its affliction seems to have soured its disposition, for it never allows the Gouldian to come near it, but chums up with the Quail Finch (a cock by the way) for warmth and sympathy. As the Quail Finch has only six feathers left, the Waxbill is of course under a misapprehension and would do hatter to chum up with the immaculately clad Gouldian. But there! Love is blind and to her the out at elbows, shoe-less Quail Finch fulfills al! her needs for comfort and support. “My Black-faces prefer roosting on a small twiggy branch to retiring into a hasket or box. At present I have only kept this species in cage or birdroom flight. I am simply aching for the time to let them into the outer flight, and for the past month or fwo have quite envied Rip van Winkle. “Tn conclusion I will only add that as long as IT have an eviary, and the price of a pair of these charming and loveable birds in my pocket, they shall have a place in the aviary, provided always they are to be obtained. But may I add one word of warning, passed on to me by our popular HEditor—Beware of having spoilt children in the aviary. Remember the old, old adage (somewhat modified I own), viz: Those whom the Gods wish to destroy they first make greedy. Aye, Aye I answer, and away oer fhe distant hills comes the same echo ‘Aye Aye’ from ‘pets’ we have helped across the unknown river, leaving behind them a heavy heart and I fear a guilty conscience, anent the crime of indulgence.” L. LOVELL-KEAYS. Personally, I am more acquainted with it in the roomy The Black-faced Waxbill. 109 flight of a garden-aviary, where they are fascinating indeed, and their graceful contour, exquisite and chaste colouration and harmony of plumage are seen to the best advantage, set off by a background of living green. Last summet during a call on my friend and colleague, Dr. J. Easton’ Scott. I saw in his roomy, natural garden aviary a pair. which held us entranced by their perky, cheery demeanour as they flitted to and fro, causing us to exclaim again and again, as some play of light revealed some fresh charm of their lovely garment. I was introduced to yet another pleasing trait, barely a month ago, during a visit to my friend Dr. Lovell-Keays, it was with surprise that I saw a pair of this species and also Violet-eared Waxbills fly to the hand at once, the desider- atum being a mealworm; for this dainty they were just as ready to come to the hand’of a stranger as to that of their owner—they occupied with some other 50 to 60 Finches and Waxbills a flight in his heated bird-room. So far they have not nested in English aviaries, though there is no reason why they should not do so in the near future, as they do well in the open from Spring to late Autumn, but should be brought indoors during the Winter mouths. On arrival they should be put into reception cages, say, about the size of a canary breeding cage, and placed in a fairly warm room, supplied with food and water, ‘but as regards the latter; as soon as they have had a drink, water should be removed for a time and introduced only at intervals for a couple of days, when it snould be safe to leave it in altogether; by similar means do not permit them to over- bathe and also give them grit with caution at first. They should be given a liberal supply of seed, a millet spray, greenfood, and two or three mealworms per bird per diem; they should be left quiet and only disturbed to administer to their wants. If all goes well in a few days the cage can be hung up in the inner house of the aviary they are to oceupy, then in another few days (providing weather is suitable) the cage door can be left open for them to come out at will. There are no more beautiful group of birds than the Waxbills and “Small Ornamental Finches,” or more interest- ing and charming too for that matter—and the rarer species 110 My Aviary (Yorks) and Birds. more especially so—though the writer’s aviaries have been largely given up to soft-bills of late years. In conclusion, I would add that these notes have pur- posely been left of a cursory character, as the writer hopes at no distant date, some other pen will tell the alluring story, in full detail, of their domestic life and a family success- fully reared under alien skies. Also some member, perhaps, will describe them as inmates of the bird-room. ; —_¢—— ' My Aviary (Yorks.) and Birds. By Mrs. R. E. Weruey. At our Editor’s request I am sending in two photos of my little aviary, which is a very unpretentious affair compared with most of those which appear in our Journal. The sleeping house was built as a summer house and is fitted up with old tree trunks and branches ; nesting boxes and husks are hung from the roof, etc. At one time I lined the walls with banks of heather and hay, which made it very cosy, but, it also made such a splendid and much appreciated nesting place for mice thajt I had to clear it all out. On to the side of this house we had a covered flight made, the front of which is fancy wire-work, and the whole side is half-inch mesh wire netting, with windows, (three separate sashes) which can be taken down in hot weather; there igs a similar window which is put up at night and in bad weather over the front wire-work of this flight. The floor is cement. Slates were put down, all round, before the cementing was done, so as to keep out rats and mice, but the field or garden mice walk in through the wire-netting of the outer flight. Im the covered flight are some tree trunks and branches as roosting accommodation. As will be seen by the photo (“as now”) an open flight of half-inch mesh wire-netting and wood-framing runs along the length of the house. The inmates of the aviary are: Cockateels, Budgerigars, Java Sparrows, Pekin Robin, Zebra Finches, Silverbills, Cutthroats, Black-headed Manni- kins, pair Indian Red-eared Bulbuls, and Red-faced Lovebird. I had a pair of the Red-faced Lovebirds (Agapornis pullaria) but, sad to say, the hen died in a fit some four a AaTIOM ‘S17 $s se— 1A Ww say ‘SALON Gulg vi Dt» a 7 i. ere NOTES. BIRD een LLLP IIL A OCIS "Ble s Aviary—as now, y Wethe Mrs. My Aviary (Yorks) and Birds. 111 months ago, when they were both looking in most perfect eondition. My Lavender-headed Lovebirds (A. cana) died; also some Green Singing-finches (Serinus ieterus), brought home from India about two years ago. These birds remain out all the year round, and the aviary is not heated in any way. Cockateels, Budgerigars, Cutthroats, and Silverbills have all reared young. The Java Sparrows nested, but the hen died in the nest during incubation (I noticed by the records in “ Bird Notes” this often happens with this species). My lLavender-headed Lovebirds went the same way. The Zebra Finches (Taeniopygia castanotis) have nested twice; the first year they threw the young out of the nest when a few days old and last year eggs were laid but not incubated. In a smaller aviary I have Yellow Budgerigars (these breed freely), and a pair of Red-crested Cardinals (Paroaria cucullata). The Cardinals built a beautiful nest in the larger aviary, but, became so savage with the smaller birds that I had to move them into the small Budgerigar Aviary. I re- gret to say they have not built again—am hoping they will do so this year. In a sheltered nook of the garden I have a cage built, like the one described in our Editor’s book, “ Aviaries and Aviary Life,” and, belonging to Miss Thorburn, of Liverpool. This is used as the nursery for young Budgeri- gars, etc., and a very useful cage it is. My aviary has been in existence for three years and a most delightful hobby it is, aflording never ending—in fact, ever-increasing—-interests. I look forward, with great pleasure, each month to the arrival of our most interesting journal “ Bird Notes,” and wish it prosperity. —o—_ An Effective Mouse-trap. By Dr. L. Lovetu-KeEays. A Mouse-trap that will catch mice is what we have all been looking for, but failed to find. Fortune smiled upon me once again, when I[ ran up against this desideratum of avicul- turists in the home of a Canary-fancier. The apparatus is so simple that anybody could make 112 An Effective Mouse-trap. it in a short evening, and is as effective as it is simple. It never fails to catch mice, no matter how long it has been in use, or What amount of provender is scattered on the floor in the vicinity of the trap. As to the making of the trap, mine is made out of a Hudson's Soap-box roughly 6 x 8 x 11 ins. About one-third has been cut off to make it a convenient size, and one end fitted with a small sliding-door, made of rather coarse per- forated zinc. This is to let the mouse out, when caught, into a salubrious pail of cold water. On the inner sides of the box are fast- ened pieces of 3 in. square strips of wood, forming a ledge. This must start from near the top of the front end to a point about 2} ins. below and parallel to the top of the box at the . ; back. The object of this is to allow the lid to fall easily, and I am told is an essential part of the trap. The ledge fits round the four sides of the inner walls of the box. A frame is next made to fit loosely, yet fairly accurately, inside the box, and of course, rests on the sloping ledge; this frame must be covered with coarse perforated zinc. Any hook or rough sort of hinge serves to keep the lid in place, and yet allows free movement at the back part. In mine the maker has merely pushed a piece of iron wire through the end of the box and just bent it over the frame of the lid. It looks most amateurish and insecure, but is efficacious. No matter how the hinging mec- hanism is made, it must be so arranged that the lid falls easily and accurately on to the wooden ledge of its own weight. Right in the middle of the floor of the box is a wood- en post with a knife-edge running sideways—about Jin. in section and 3dins. in height. S----- -Sinches------y An Effective Mouse-trap. 113 Next we must make a kind of a grid, a little narrower from side to sile than the interior of the box. It is shaped thus (vide fig.)—it is extreme- iy roughly made and must be light and constructed of ao ee Ree ONE ES wi a dy) A wood. Finally we need a peg about 3ins. long, with a point at one end and a B knife-edge the other. If we fasten the front door of our trap; throw any odd seed, dog biscuit or cheese inside the box, we can then set the trap. The “Grid” is introduced into the box, the lid being raised so that the part A.B. is uppermost (this is important) and the end B. resting on the floor post about half to three-quart- ers of an inch from the end of B. The peg mentioned above is then placed on the extreme end of B.; the lid is gently allowed to drop on to the pointed end of the peg and the trap is set. THE GRD. <> - - =~ -- =~ -5 Zigeyes------> I have sket- ched very diagram- matically the essen- tials of the trap. It will be noticed that we have here the lid balanced by the grid in a state of unstable equilibri- um. The mouse jumps on to the grid, upsets the balance, down drops the peg and the lid falls on to the ledge. It is so simple and certain that it never fails; but, certain points must be observed. One is, the box must be large and thus in no way suggest a trap. Mice cannot keep 114 Breeding of Hybrid Bengalee x Bib Finch. out of a box; they climb up quite readily and though seed may be broadcast outside they will get into that box. Then the periorated zinc must be fairly coarse or again the box will suggest a trap. Finally no matter how roughly made, all the parts must work freely. It sounds absurd and vet in reality the very roughest work is all that is needed. My Canary friend said that one night he caught six at one time, as he had set the trap a little too heavily. TI first practised by dropping a pencil-case on to the grid, which, of course, must fit pretty accurately or a mouse may get between it and the sides or front end of the box and so not upset the balance. This trap is a grand success, and if it does not succeed with you just drop the writer a line with a diagram and no doubt your mistake can be pointed out. If there is a mouse and the trap is near, that mouse is absolutely booked, but usually it will only catch one at a time. I have found no tendency for birds to get into the trap, but even if they did, no harm would come of it, as the lid only falls a short distance and would give the bird no chance of escaping. After giving the trap a good trial, I have come to the conclusion the trap is just “IT.” — & Breeding of Hybrid Bengalee x Bib Finch. (Uroloncha domestica *« Spermestes nana). By Lorp PoLTIMORE. A cock Bengalee and hen Bib Finch paired in June, 1913, and went to nest the first week in July. The nest was made of grass, feathers, and cow hair, in a boxe oInhaeo ine When first examined, it contained four eggs, on the 10th of July there were five eggs, and on the 24th egg shells were found outside the box. : Incubation lasted 13 or 14 days. On the 14th of August, the young were seen flying about the aviary, their colour being a tawny brown, a little buff showing on one of them, also a larger patch of white under the throat than the others have. The remaining three young have a little white showing The Rufous-bellied Niltava 115 in the black patch under the throat, also three or four white feathers in the flights above the brown. The birds also vary a little in size, some being larger than others. The food consisted of Canary, Millet (red and white), spray millet, cuttlebone, and soft food. The aviary contains the following birds: Fincues:—Parrot, Olive, Striated, Spice, Black-headed, Rufous-backed, and Bib; Mannikins and Bengalee. WAXBILLS:—Lavender Finch, Common Avadavats, Green Avadavats, Gold-breasted, Orange-cheeked, St. Helena, Cordon Bleu, and Red-billed Weavers. ——@—— The Rufous-bellied Niltava. (Niltava sundara). By R. 8S: pr Q. Quincey. In response to your request in February “ Bird Notes” Iam writing to tell you a little about the pair of Rufous- bellied Niltavas, which I obtained from Major Perreau in March, 1913—so far, they have made obsolutely no attempt to nest. It is most interesting to watch them catching flies and gnats, especially in the evening. You see them sitting sleepily on a branch, then, suddenly they make a dart, catch their fly or flies, and return to their original branch. You can tell the number of insects they have caught by the clicking of their bills. They must have splendid eyesight, for often in the dusk you will see them literally ‘“‘ dart” fifteen to twenty feet, ending up with a click and a swoop on to the nearest branch. They seldom go on the ground, but often sit’ in the shade of a Rhododendron bush, of which our aviaries are full, about a foot from the ground. There the cock would sing, when the sun was shining, a pretty but rather soft little song. At such times the hen would come quite close to him and they would sit together, but other4 wise they were very seldom found very near each other. They each seemed to have their own part of the aviary for catch- flies, and seldom trespassed. 116 The Rufous-bellied Niltava If suddenly frightened or excited, the cock utters a harsh, loud, grating cry, which is almost a cackle; the hen never dia this. They love bathing, and in summer time the cock often had as many as six dips a day. They are exquisite birds and the blue on the cock’s head shines beautifully in the sun. I also noticed that he used to raise these feathers when excited, much alter the style of a Mesia. The hen opens her tail like a fan and jerks it up and down much more than the cock; in fact this movement seems to correspond with the cock raising his crest and cackling when excited. I think they are very hardy, especially for Flycatchers, though they do not like damp and fog ; but, what bird does ? To my great disappointment I lost the cock in December, but was fortunate enough to secure another from a member. Though the new one is in quite good condition and plumage, and was exhibited at the recent L.C.B.A. Show, yet he is not nearly so bold a bird as the one already described, and lets the hen drive him round the cage (6 x 2 x 2ft.), which they have both occupied since Decem- ber 28th. Previous to this the hen was out in an aviary, and although she seemed perfectly weil and in excellent con- dition, I did not care to leave her out after losing the cock. The old cock died very suddenly, seeming per fectly well just before, and it was a discouraging loss, but I think that the new one mav do better, for the old one used to bully the hen at times. It is very noticeable how much tamer cocks become than hens, or at any rate than my hen. ‘The cocks have always come on my hand for a mealworm, while I have never suc- ceedea in getting the hen nearer than my feet. They adore mealworms, and would do almost anything to get one, but besides these I supply live ants’ eggs, insectile mixture, fruit (chiefly orange), bread and milk (containing barley water), and boiled water. As our tap water is so chalky it is always boiled before being supplied to the birds. —_o——_ The Secret of Keeping Gouldian Finches. ila lig The Secret of Keeping Gouldian Finches. What is it? By Dr. L. Lovunii-Knayr). The question is indeed easy to ask and oddly enough easy to answer. Shortly: all you need is healthy birds, good food of a suitable kind, and plenty of space. ‘ Climate”? you ask—“ It doesn’t matter,” you reply, and yet the lie sticks in your throat, at its very birth. Why, oh, why is it we ean keep Long-tailed Grassfinches, Ruficaudas, Diamond Finches and Masked Grassfinches, to name a few of the commoner Grassfinches, and even the evasive Pintail Parrot Finch has no terrors for us (to say nothing of Firefinches and Lav- ender Finches) but Gouldians seem to be heartbreaking, there is something uncanny about them. I have kept Gouldians and still have some, but I cannot claim to have sueceeded with them. My friend, Mr. Sich, whose aviaries adjoin mine, has tried for a number of years and apparently his successes have been sadly tinged with failure. In him and myself you have the exactly opposite type of aviculturist. I am rather of the happy-go-lucky-find-out-for-yourself type, and he is the careful rule-of-thumb type. But when it comes to Gouldians, our results are much the same with this one great difference, and that is, he has bred them and TI have only nearly done so. It was on talking over the subject with that most interesting and versatile of all aviculturists (I mean our genial Editor), that he asked me to give my own experi- ences and to formulate a plan to investigate the cause of our losses. Personally I don’t mind admitting non-success a little bit. If by admitting and publishing it, T can learn how to avoid failure in future, I am far better off than he who won’t admit it and so cannot learn better. J will then describe my experiences and endeavour to show my faults as well as my virtues. I started with Gouldians in May, 1913 The weather was warm and fine. My aviary faced south; there was a very excellent and lofty inner house, abso- lutely free from draught. In it was a tub containing a living fir tree. On this the Gouldians would sometimes roost. The light too, was excellent. My outer flight was then only 20 feet long by 10 feet broad, and 8 feet high. It was hoarded 118 The Secret of Keeping Gouldian Finches. up at the east and west ends, and only open above and to the south. Abundance of natural green food was supplied and seed of the best, besides cuttlefish, mortar rubbish, water, rock salt and so forth. But the soil or rather subsoil is clay, and here I believe is one cause for the loss of my Gouldians. I had 2 pairs of Blacks and one pair of Reds; of these one pair of Blacks was acclimatised and had bred young previously. The other two pairs were, I believe, acclimatised and came from an exhibitor. I was new to the game in those days and treated my birds differently to what I should now. I recollect that the cock Red was the pick of the lot, and then a pair of Blacks were also excellent, but the Red hen and the other pair of Blacks were not quite up to the mark. I tumed them straight into the aviary; but, I know now that only the hardiest birds can stand that sort of treatment whatever the time of the year you turn them out. I am convinced that the best thing to do is to cage your birds in the inner house for three, four, or more days, accord- ing to the time of the year and then leave the door open. Birds are strange creatures—intensely nervous for the most part, and the newness of their surroundings is quite enough to put them clean off their food. The nervous depression consequent on the journey and the privation of food all con- duce to a condition of a kind of paralytic fright. To illus- trate my point: I had a pair of St. Helena Waxbills, which were both confiding and fearless. One day the cock bird got his foot entangled in some grass. It could not have been there long because only just previously I had given him a mealworm. I rescued him as quickly as possible, but even so, he lay in my hand utterly exhausted. J put him in a large cage with food and water in a nice warm corner of the inner flight and left him. In twenty minutes the little bird had recovered and flown out, as I had purposely left the cage door open. But, and here the sad part of the story comes in, the next morning he was dead, although before the acci- dent there was not a fitter bird in the aviary and it was August. I think that was the most instructive death I ever had. Fright or its first cousin, over and sudden joy are the cause of more deaths than we wot of ;I fear we are apt to forget our feathered little chums have nerves and if we could but see and feel their little hearts tick-tacking two- The Secret of Keeping Gouldian Finches. 119 hundred times or more a minute we should hesitate to catch them up quite so readily, and think twice before we pushed a great finger into their tiny nests or permitted ladies clad in fearful and wonderrul graments to enter their very sanctum. Of course, birds kept in cages and used to being handled are very different, and do not seem to mind very much what happens to them. But to return to our argument, I have come to the conclusion that possibly soil is a factor; next the change of surroundings and the fright absolutely inseparable from a change of locality, certainly are very potent factors in the loss of birds, particularly Gouldian Finches. But, in the case of my Gouldians they seem to get over all these enormous disadvantages and in a month’s time one pair of Black-heads went to nest, and actually hatched out. [ could hear the young yelling for food as if their lives depended upon it, as in fact they did. But one day the chorus was less noisy, the next day or so it became fainter still, until finally the chorus ceased. The parent birds got the hump and ceased to minister to the wants of their family. JI have not the smallest idea why. Certainly it was not due to inter- ference, either from man, birds, or mice- But after that my parent birds seemed to mope; they made a second attempt at nesting in August when the hen bird died—I do not know of what. From the end of August onwards the Gouldians got more and more tired of life, they fost tone, and drooped their wings (what a pregnant sign it is when the primaries get well below the level of the tail-feathers!) and ‘then. shuffled off “one after another, until I only had a Red-headed cock left. He was transferred to a warmed bird-room in November, but he found life a burden about Xmas and applied for his passport soon after. My friend, Mr. Sich, had a very similar experience. He had two breeding pairs in an exceptionally roomy aviary, they had a brood of 4 and later two of 7 (i.e. 4 and 3) simultaneously. The first four have all lived. The latter have all died and the parent birds as well, with the exception of one cock. The seven young birds were caught up and put into an inner flight, but pegged out about a month, six weeks, or two months afterwards, one by one. But the four older ones, which were in a cage in the same bird-room all survived, and are still alive to this day. Since going to Press the four young birds have been 120 The Secret of Keeping Gouldian Finches. turned loose into an inner flight (warmed) and one bird has died. One can only suggest lack of stamina of the second birds, but the significant fact remains, that the four sur- vivors were caged and the seven that died were flying free in a bird-room. That brings us to the next point of con- sideration and that is—Do Gouldians do better in cages than in an aviary? I do not ask, ‘are they happier in an aviary”? Of course they are, although I don’t think Gouldians could ever be really happy. They are at best solemn little beasties. Personally I am inclined to think they do better in cages if well kept than in an aviary, but of ‘course you cannot breed them in a cage. It is my belief (I don’t wish to dog- matise or to force my belief’s on anybody) that these birds cannot stand damp retaining soils—nor can they stand the driving biting winds inseparable from an out-door aviary. Gouldians are extraordinarily idiotic and seem to choose the most exposed bush to roost in they can possibly find. This seems to be their invariable custom. It is a well-known fact that Gouldians are very subject to pneumonia. [I ask a simple question: Do you think a bird is more likely to get pneumonia in a well made cage or in an exposed out-door aviary? Even a cage in a warmed bird-room is less liable to draughts or sudden changes of temperature, than the bird- room itself. Mr. Gray has also pointed out that brightly coloured birds are more prone to pneumonia than sombre plumaged ones. May not this be due to the fact that ceteris paribus, a beautiful bird, is more valuable than an ugly one. If more valuable, more often kept, and if both die it is more likely the brighter bird finds its way to the patholog- ists than the less valuable dull coloured bird. This is a mere suggestion. but it is good for us to think things out for our- selves and to come to conclusions with the aid of special-. ists but not by any means to ignore their experience and dicta. My object in writing at such length is first of all to get our readers (and that means you persona{ly) to help the great science of aviculture to make advances. It is due to you, to your hobby and to our energetic and resourceful editor that ‘‘ Bird Notes”’ be not only a medium of publishing nesting results and giving plans of aviaries—both of which are to my mind extremely interesting and, I knew, popular, but also The Secret of Keeping Gouldian Finches. 121 a medium for doing real research and scientific work which will live and be handed down to posterity. Here is indeed an oppor- tunity to investigate the causes of and to find out the remedy for the losses, of say, Gonuldians. Anybody who has ever bought, I don’t mean kept, but bought a Gouldian can help. Perhaps you may unconsciously have the key that opens up this mystery chamber. Something you have noticed; something you have done either right or wrong may be the link we are searching for. What we want you to do is first of all to take the thing seriously and as a personal matter. Write and tell us exactly your experi- ence from the day you bought your bird to the day you either sold, exchanged, buried or still better to the day you still have it. Express any opinion you choose, even if others might think it sounds too ridiculous for words. Your opinion may be right—the experts may be all wrong. I remember once reading in a waiting room a book written by Mrs. Humphrey Ward to young girls on their Deportment in the Ballroom. It was ‘Talk my dear girls if it is only about the great big green gooseberry.” My request to you who have ever had a Gouldian is “ Write, dear reader, if it is only about the way the wretched thing moped.” The scheme de- pends upon you for success. The facts when collected will be carefully sifted and the results will be given in ‘ Bird Notes.” But remember we cannot succeed without your, help; we may succeed with it. In any event your experience however limited, however unfortunate, is bound to be interest- ing; sure to be useful. We cannot do without it. The more minute the details, the more interesting and more useful your letter will be. But if you have no time to write a long letter, just drop us a postcard with any facts you think may interest us. You may be sure they will; At any rate let us be the judges. All communications may be sent either direct to myself at East Hoathley, or through the Editor, who has kindly ‘undertaken to forward all matter to me, and will of course be treated as confidential. 122 A Hawking Epi:ode. A Hawking Episode. By H.. WiistimE, 14P MeB Onur It is a dull overeast morning as we ride out of the old Serai courtyard and turn our horses’ heads to- wards the low stretch of hills which form the advance guard, as it were, of the Salt Range. The horses are impatient in the cold and the Shikaris on foot have already preceeded us, so it does not take long to reach the meeting place, a village near the base of the hills. Here we find the ob- ject around which the expe- dition centres—a young Peregrine Falcon : She was caught on October 13th, & os es near Hazro, in Attock Dis- apa Eon of the Story. trict—a bird of the year on her first migration—and since then has been an object of the most loving care on the part of my Falconer and myself. As far as points go the Hawk is a very good one and we have determined that her first flight shall be at Honbara Bustard; this is the reason why she is still unentered, for I have so far been unable to visit any Bustard ground. How- ever, some days ago, Shikari came in with the news that he had seen three Honbara in a patch of cultivation at the foot of the hills; so as the spot was near a Serai bungalow some ten miles from Headquarters, the chance was decided to be worth trying. At first, appearances are against us; the ground is very bad, broken up into rocky nullahs, and very different to the sandy wastes which one usually associates with Bus- tard. Moreover, none of the villagers seem to know what a Bustard is, the most ingenious suggesting that it is ‘‘ Hare” | | A Hawking Episode. 123 we really mean, and the local Shikari who gave the news is not to be found. At last a man is discovered who knows what I have come for and the spot where the birds were seen, and guided by him we reach the right place; this consists of a number of fields of wheat growing in some- what sandy soil; on every side are stony ravines most un- suitable for riding, but trusting to luck we form a rough line and start to search for the Honbara. The Hawk's jesses are loosed from the leash and she is held in readiness to be un- hooded and slipped at a moment’s notice. For a good hour we quarter the ground without a sign or trace of a Bustard; at last one hopeful reports tracks, but on investigation, it appears that he is unable to dis-' tinguish the difference in size between Partridges and our quarry; and that gleam of hope is quenched. At last we are on the point of giving up and the line has become very sfraggly, when up springs a Honbara and flaps away in a grotesque Owl-like fashion. It is marked down, and the Falconer, who did not see it, is shown the spot. Collecting, we advance together, and the Bustard rises somewhat ahead of where it had settled; it is just out of gunshot, but the Peregrine is slipped and at once ‘launches in pursuit. The Honbara realises his danger—it is a very fine old cock bird—and plunges down into a convenient nul- lah before the Falcon can come to terms, so the latter takes uD a commanding position on a rock above and waits for the Shikari to climb down into the ravine and dislodge her prey. The Honbara rises; like a flash the Peregrine stoops and both birds are rolling in a confused mass on the ground; but the Falcon is caught by a thorny bush and the Honbara breaks away—a respite which gives him time to get well into his flight before the Falcon can extricate herself. Now the fur begins, and I gallop like mad to join in the flight. As I cut off a corner and catch up the Bustard, the Falcon comes up. but the latter is young and her ignorance gives a respite to the pursued, for as hunter and hunted pass over my head I see the former trying to bind to her quarry from behind—a mancuvre which gives the Bustard time to get ahead again. This was the*beginning of a desperate race, both birds straining every nerve, and I should have been outpaced at once, had not the pursuit kept circling hack to 124 A Hawking Episode. me. The last time they passed over head the Bustard was nearly done—its mouth wide open, its flight move laboured, Some rough ground delayed my headlong career and the birds disappeared from ken behind some trees—I passed through and I could see no trace of Bustard or Falcon. Close ahead was a large and deep ravine, and near it a man herding camels. who told me he had seen both birds dash headlong into the ravine and that was all. Then ensued a weary search. I searched every nullah and ravine near hop- mg to find the Peregrine piuming the dead Honbara. but there was not a sign of life, or death! and when the search proved fruitless I took out my lure and called from every high coin of vantage. But all that was brought to the lure was the Shikaris, who had been outpaced entirely in the flight: they come up and made confusion worse confounded by declaring they had seen both birds stoop into a different group of ravines. So we searched there also: but climbing and descending, calling and swinging the lure produced no- thing save a derisive croak from @ passing Raven. At last, weary in body and soul, mindrul of a long ride home before me, I sorrowfully mounted and turned my horse’s head homewards, regretting the loss of a good and promis- ing Falcon. For such a flight on the first occasion that it had been slipped at wild quarry had fully proved the value of my Peregrine. Even so all would have been well and my Hawk recovered had it not been for the native character. This is what happened—I reconstruct the story as it after- wards came to light. The stoop into the nullah that had been seen was the final one and the Honbara had been killed: but standing to plume the body the Falcon had been frightenel away, piob- ably by an Eagle. She had then flown along to a neighfour- ing hamlet and killed a chicken, on which she was breaking her fast. when an aged man took her up. The sharpness of her talons quenched his ardour, and he made his find over to another man, who shut her up in his hut. The hamlet was a secluded one and the inhabitants did not know whose the bird was, not having heard of my presence; but the bells aud jesses showed them that the captive was a trained Falcon, and so presumably worth money. Next day a Shikari, whom I had deputed to search reached the hamlet and soon heard of Breeding the Plumed Ground Dove. 125 the bird. Being anxious to claim the credit and the whole of the reward which I had promised, he asked the man for the Hawk, saying it belonged to a certain Sayad. The other not unnaturally refused to give it up, as the Shikari carefully concealed the fact that he had been deputed to search and the news of my being in the neighbourhood had not reached the hamlet. Then instead of saying “It is the Police Captain Sahib’s property and he told me to look for it,” the Shikari hastened to headquarters. to tell me how the captor had re- fused to give up my property, although warned who the owner was. My Falconer went off at once with a constable to find that the bird had been lost again, for the captor had tried to fly it at a Partridge and being totally ignorant of the art, had made a mess of things. Needless to say, that Shikari has heard my full and true opinion of him, and he is now searching with an energy that could scarce be bettered, so there are still hopes of recovering the stray. But still, even if the above is the only flight my Peregrine is fated to give me, two months of training have been well repaid by the excitement of that head- long ride. Sa Breeding the Plumed Ground Dove. (Lophophaps plumifera). By Lorp PoLTIMoRE. This pair of charming Doves have been in one of my aviaries for the last three years, and only last July succeeded in rearing their first family, though they have had many an attempt. The first year I had them (1911) they laid two light creamy white eggs, but both were clear. In 1912 they laid in all 10 eggs, but each time they were disturbed by other birds in the aviary. The nest is placed on the ground, on more than one occasion just inside the door leading into the aviary, merely a slight depression of the ground and not protected in any way. In 1913, they laid in May and June, but on each oc- casion they were interrupted while incubating, but towards 126 Birds of the Jhelum District. the end of the month, they hatched out one young one, which was killed by the male bird when eight days old. (Photo by H. Willford. But in July they were more. fortunate and hatched out two young ones, incubation lasting 14 or 15 days. The young resemble their parents in general colour pattern, but are of a duller hue, in fact are rather mealy looking. These two are now separated from their parents and we hope they will breed this summer. ; The aviary contains the following birds: Black-cheeked Lovebirds, Blue-winged Lovebirds, Zebra Doves. and Virginian Cardinals. The food consisted of canary, millet, millet sprays, and a little sunflower and hemp. ——_ @——_ Birds of the Jiielum District. ane Jal, \WWVosndstienaie, Ie, ML QIB KO) (Continued from Page 96). GENERAL REMARKS ON THE MONTH. February, on the whole, has been an interesting month, as. while for the most part ornithological condit'ons have been tho-e of the winter, there has been a certain amount of movement foreshadowing the spring migrations. A small proportion of winter visitors have departed: probably Birds of the Jhelum District. 137 in some cases the entire body of a species has gone, e.g., The Blossom- h-aced Parrakeet; whereas in others the majority of a species have departed, leaving comparatively few individuals to follow in March, as for instance in the case of Sandgrouse and Rooks. These deficiencies have. been made good by the arrival of what may be considered “ accidental winter visitors ’—birds that have come down from the Himalayas ta escape the hard winter conditions, rather than deliberately migrating. Some of these wee numerous, ¢.g., Hyjsipctcs psaroidis, and probably arrive every year: others such as Merula boulboul and Oreceola ferrea would probably not be found here in a mild winter. Then there has been the arrival of certain species such as Pratincola eaprata and Glarcola lactea which are here summer visitors only: also the commencement of the arrival of certain species which are immensely common in summer, and found very sparingly in winter This category includes several well-known species such as Sarcogrammus ind‘cus, Dic-urus at r, Coracias indica, and Cypselus affinis; and such birds will not obtain their full numbers until well into March. Besides these a proportion of species have arrived that may be considered as the advance guard of the spring passage: such as the Striated Swallows, Hmberiza leucocephala, and certain Wagtails; and with some birds (e.g., the Sparrow Hawks) it is hard to distinguish whethe: they have arrived on spring passage or represent a minority iett behind as winter visitors after the passing of the autumn migration. The regular winter visitors, such as Parus alriceps, Pericrocotus bromrostris, Certhia himalayana, Motacil’a alba, M. personata, Vancllus crislatus, various Puntings and Chats, ete., etc., have remained con- stant during the month; though a few such as Merula atrigularis have decreased in numbers of individuals. Feb. {.—Visited a small jheel near the river, about 5 miles from headquarters, where there were a number of Wild Duck (Anas boschas) and some Ruddy Sheldrakes (Casarca rutila). A small flock of Geese probably consisted of the Grey-Lag (Anser ferus). Green Sandpiper (Totanus och- i0pus) were common about the pools, and on a neighbouring plough four Black Ibis (Inocotis papilosus) were feeding. In the distance I saw two large black Storks with white necks and black heade—these can only have been the White- necked Stork (Dissura episeopus) which is rare in the Punjab. On the road to the jheel, a pair of Iugger Falcons (Falco jugger) and a pair of King Vultures (Ofogyps calvus) were noted—the latter were probably responsible for a larga half-built nest ip a thorn-trece by the road- side. A number of Swallows (Hirunda rustica) were flying round a wayside pond and settling on the sand near by— these were the first of the species noted here since October, 128 Feb Feb Feb. Birds of the Jhelum District. when large numbers appeared on migration during the first half of the month. Two Green Parrakeets (Palacornis torquatus) seen pairing on a tree. A pair of Indian Rollers (Coracias in- dica) by my house were most noisy and indulging in their courting flights. A Kestrel seen. 2.—Went into camp at Sohawa (1,426 feet). A King Vulture and several White-backed Vultures (Pseudogyps bengal- ensis) noted. 3.—Sohawa. Heavy rain prevented much observation, but I saw a fine adult Lugger Falcon and a flock of Eastern Meadow Buntings (Emberiza cia strachey/). 4.—The country round Sohawa consists of a sandy soil much broken up by shallow rocky ravines, the level ground being cultivated, and the ravines but sparsely clothed with coarse vegetation and a few low thorn bushes. The most numerous birds were flocks of Skylarks (Alauda arvensis) and Short- toed Larks (probably Calandrella brachydactyla), which frequents the cultivations; and Crested Larks (Galerita cristata) and Rufous-tailed Desert Larks (Ammomancs phoe- nicuroides) which prefer the rocky ground. Over cultivation and ravine alike the numerous Chats lent a touch of animation to the scene. The White Chat (Saxicola capistrata) and the Red-tailed Chat (GS. chrys- opyga) were the most common, but a few Strickland’s Chat (S. ‘opistholeuca) and a single Pied Chat (S. pictd) were noted. All the above species except the Crested and Desert Larks are merely winter visitors to this part. This broken country extends to the foot of a range of low hills that form an off-shoot of the Salt Range proper. Attracted by a large white patch on the hill side I went to investigate and found the patch to be a small rough precipice whitened by the droppings of generation upon generation of Griffon Vultures (Gyps fulvus) which have used it as a resting place when weary of wheeling high above the hills. A native officer who lives in a neighbour- ing village told me that he remembered the white patch as present in his boyhood, when however, it was smaller. While I was watching the Griffons, two Lammergaiers (Gypetus barbatus) passed by, scanning the hillsides for the where- withal for a meal. Several Hmberiza c. stracheyi, 3 Swallows, (Hirundo rustica), some Orag Martins (Ptyanoprogue rupestris), three Blue Rock Pigeons, (Colwmba intermedia), an adult male Sparrow Hawk, and a few Indian White-throats (Sylvia affinis) were also noted near the base of the hills. In the evening visited some ponds where a Heron Birds of the Jhelum District. 129 (Ardea cinerea), a Great White Egret (Hcrodias alba), and a party of Reed Buntings (Hmberiza schoeniclus) were noted. I shot a Yellow-headed Wagtail (Motacilla citreola)—the first noted since June last. A single Quail flushed in some wheat. A small num- ber began to arrive about the middle of the month and the Quail-catchers started operations, but not until next month will the birds become numerous. A single Swift (Cypselus affinis) seen, also two Bay- backed Shrikes (Lanius vittatus). Feb. 5.—Sohawa. A flock of Striated Buntings (HMmberiza striolata) noted. Visited the ponds where I saw a single Teal and a Full Snipe. Indian Little Grebes (Podicipes «albypennis ) and Coots (Fulica alra) are fairly numerous and resident here. Feb. 6.—Sohawa. A spring of five or six Common Teal on the ponds, fhe drakes in full plumage. Returned to headquarters to find my compound full of Himalayan Black Bulbuls (Hypsipctes psaroides) which remained about for the rest of this month. During the summer the species is one of the most familiar birds of the Himalayan Hill Stations, its noisy calls being heard all day long. The species is very sociable and entirely arboreal, usually frequenting the tops of the highest trees. The food appears to consist chiefly of fruit, and I noticed that the berries of a Drake tree in my compound were soon devoured. Feb. %.—Five Black Vultures (Vultur monachus) seen; this fine species has been noted here on several occasions during the winter, being met with for the first time on 17th November. A King Vulture seen. In the Rak I flushed an immature Merlin (Falco acsalon), which was at once chased by a King Crow (Dicrurus ater)—a good example of the pugnacity for which the latter is noted! A great increase noted in the numbers of Merula atrigularis which is now very common both in the Rak, and in the compounds of Civil Lines Rooks and Jackdaws continue numerous ; buf Starlings have certainly decreased in numbers. A number of Reed Buntings noted in the same place as given in last month’s diary. Feb. 8.—Spent the day on the river, covering the same stretch of water as referred to in last month’s diary. There were great numbers of Duck about, of which the majority were Mallard, but Teal, Pintail, Shovellers, and Tufted Duck 120 Birds of the Jhelum District. were also identified. Ruddy Sheldrakes were very numerous in pairs, and in fiocks. With one lot of the Sheldrakes were a few Bar-head Geese (Anscr indicus). A gagg'e of some fifteen Geese came flying up the river over my boat, and J dropped one to find it a Grey Lag (Anscr ferus). Pallas’ Fishing Eagle (Haliaetus leucocoryphus) was very much in evidence, two or three pairs being met with. One came and looked at but did not touch a Mal ard Diake that I had dropped into the water, and another stooped once or twice at a wounded Teal, which escaped by diving. - Sand Martins (probably Col.te riparia diluta) had started to excavate their nesting burrows in the high bank of one of the islands, and near by were three holes that evidentiy belonged to a pair of Pied Kingfishers (Ceryle varia) who were sitting on the stones the other side of a water channel and taking great interest in my movements. One hole was probably used as a sleeping place for the male, as there were a number of droppings some way from the entrance. The actual nest tunnel was about two-and-a- half feet long, inclining slightly to the left. The egg chamber was large and littered with fish bones and scales, on which were lying the six eggs, varying from fresh to slightly imcubated. It is a curious fact that this species generally seems to excavate three holes fairly close to one another, all much of the same depth. Is there any idea of protection in it?—the hope that an enemy may choose the wrong hole? Two very large flights of Larks were noted flying low up the river; as they passed I dropped an individual’ from the second flight, and as it fell its companions settled in close order at once by it; but not securing the bird I failed to identify the species—however they looked like the Indian Skylark (Alauda gulgula). Lapwings, Greenshanks, Redshanks, Stints, and Common Sandpipers fairly numerous about the sandbanks. A Rock Horned Owl (Bubo bengalensis) was flushed from under a tamarisk bush on an island. A Great White Heron and a Common Heron seen. One Common Swallow. The Wall Creeper noted on the 12th January as frequenting a low sandy cliff by the water’s edge was found in almost identically the same spot. Feb, 9%th.—Two eggs found in a nest of the Indian Tawny Eagle Aquila vindhiana) placed at the extreme summit of one of a small group of Shisham trees standing alone in the 1 :-t of cultivation. The nesf was a large flat structure of sticks, lined with twigs, and seed-cases of the Shisham. The female was sitting on the eggs, and the male was Birds of the Jhelum District. Tt perched on a tree by the roadside a hundred yards away. The fields of growing wheat now afford shelter to large flocks of Skylarks (Alauda arvensis); here a very numer- ous winter visitor. Several King Crows seen, including a party of seven. In this northerly district a very small percentage are resi- dents, the majority being summer visitors only. A_ flight of 25—30 Jackdaws noted flying alone, unaccompanied by Rooks. Feb. 10th.—Another nest containing two eggs of Aquila vindhiana. This was placed in a small Kikur thorn tree near a road, and in contradistinction to the ma ority of nests of this spe ies —which are placed on the extreme tops of trecs—it was placed more inside the tree, in such a position as would be selected by a Kite. When I first found the nest, on the 7th, both birds were at the nest, which then only contained one egg. A pair of Red-wattled Lapwings (Sarcogrammus indi- cus) turned up in my compound, and both were taken by my Teregrine. Further south the species appears to be equally common all the year round; but here practically all leave for the winter, returning in February and becom- ing common by the end of the month. The same remark applies to the Indian Swift (Cypselus affinis), of which I noted several to-day. A Blue-throat and a Swallow seen. Feb. 11th.—There is a distinct falling off in the numbers of Rooks and Jackdaws which come to roost in the Rak. This decrease became more marked as the month went on, and practically all had gone by the last day, only a few staying into March. Two Reed Buntings, a Black Ibis, and some Jungle Mynahs (Avthiopsar fuscus) noted. A man came round with some Goshawks for sale, which were said to have come from Nepal. They were of of course fairly recently caught and were closely hooded, with the tails swathed in cloth, to protect the feathers. Two males and two females, all but. one of the latter being in the first plumage. They were tied at intervals on a long pole, which the man carried by the middle. The prices were temptingly low—about £2 to £10 apiece—-as the season is nearly over, but times are hard, and I sent the vendor away reluctantly.. Feb. 12th.—Met with a red-breasted male of the Red-breasted Fly- catcher (Muscicapa parva)—save during the migration rushes one meets usually only with females or immature males in the first plumage. 132 Birds of the Jhelum District. Pariah Kites have now begun nesting in earnest—nests in construction or just completed may be met with on all sides. Feb (3th.—Secured a specimen of the Green-backed Tit (Parus mon- danus) which, although fairly numerous when the commence- ment of the cold weather brought the Indian Grey Tit (Parus atriccps) down from the hills, has of late not been noted. The Grey Tit, of course, remained numerous through- out the month, being usually met with in flocks. One or two have roosted in holes in the roof of my verandah all through the winter. Feb. 14th.—Very heavy rain all day. The Blue-throat noted on the 10th seen again in the same place, namely, in some pea rows in the jail garden. Pea rows are as attractive out here to birds as at home, various forms of Willow Wren and Red-vented Bulbuls being perhaps the most pronounced habitués. By the way, I may note here that any avicul- turist who keeps Pulbuls should see that they are well supplied with green food, for several specimens that I have skinned had the stomach crammed with green-stuff, apparently cut up teaves vf trees as a rule. Feb. 15th.—Great increase in the river and floods out after the rain, especially on the golf course, where I noted four Lap- wings feeding. Rain again in evening. A great Grey Shrike (Lanius lahtora) seen hovering over a patch of wheat and then moving on and hovering again—for all the world like a miniature Kestrel. Another bird that I have seen doing the same thing is the Indian Little Owl (Athene brama). But in neither case was the hovering so long sustained as is customary with the Kestrel. An Indian Roller seen eating a frog. An immature Grey-winged Ouzel (Merula bou!boul) obtained. Feb 17.—Heavy rain again. Several Hirundo rustica noted, as well as a small party of Striated Swallows (probably: Hirundo crythropyga)—a species that breeds in Rawal Pindi District, and in the Murree Hills in numbers, making a retort-shaped mud nest, under rocks and bridges. Mr. W. Il’. Page’s Garden Aviary. Photo by E. O. Page. ~ An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. 155 *Grey Singing-Finches. *Orange-cheeked Waxbills. *Long-tailed Grassfinches. Pin-tailed Parrot Finches. *Cuban Finches. Scaly-crowned Finches. * Firefinches . *Zebra Finches. *White Java Sparrows. *Jacarini Finches. *Diamond Doves (incubating). *Been out all winter. All vigorous and in excellent plumage. In the old aviary was also an excellent crowd of birds including quite a flock of young and adult Gouldian Finches, which though they had been out all the winter looked. the picture of health and vigour, and certainly give promise of a successful Gouldian season in these aviaries. We noted the following species among others:— Quail Finches. Blue-breasted Waxbills. * Alario Finches. Violet-eared Waxbills. *Ruficauda Finches. St. Helena Waxbills. *Cuban Finches. *Grey Waxbills. *Gouldian Finches. *Gold-breasted Waxbills. * Jacarini Finches. *Orange-cheeked Waxbills. *Diamond Finches. Long-tailed Tits. *Scaly-crowned Finches. Tree Creepers. *Zebra Finches. *Hey’s Partridge. Long-tailed Grassfinches. * Firefinches. Pin-tailed Parrot Finches. *Pelzeln’s Saffron Finches. *Diamond Doves. *Bronze-wing Mannikins. *Bengalese . *Tri-colour Mannikins. *Been out all winter. Also an hybrid Tri-colour Mannikin x Bengalese, and what the writer took to be a hybrid Scaly-crowned x Zebra Finch. a most handsome and interesting bird. Several species were already nesting, a brood of Mannikin hybrids being al- most ready to leave the nest—have since flown and are doing well. Mr. Pacr’s AyiartEs: Some other pen ought to have noted these, as the writer will say but little about his own modest equipment and series. The accompanying photo- re- production figures the aviary and a ground plan has _ been already given in “ Bird Notes”; their appearance was much marred by general untidiness, the spring-clean not being com- plete. Among the occupants are the following species: *Plumbeous Redstart. *Grey-wing Ouzels. *Black Tanagers. *Malabar Mynahs. *Archbishop Tanagers, *Virginian Cardinal, 156 An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. Gold-fronted Fruitsuckers. *Silky Cowbirds. Yellow-winged Sugarbirds. Waxwings. Indian White-eyes. Red-Mountain Doves. *Grey Finches. *Blue Robins. *Guttural Finches. *Argoondah Quail. *Olive Finches. Mealy Redpolls. *Plumbeous Finches. Lesser Redpolls. *Zebra Finches. *Pied Wagtails. *Yellowish Finches. *Red-headed > Ribbon Finches. Gold-fronted Finches. Jackson’s Whydahs. *Been out all winter. Also a Lesser Sulphur-breasted Toucan and Sundry Waxbills, Weavers, Buntings, and other ‘ Freely Imported Species.”” The writer has to bewail the loss of Plumbeous Redstart and Blue Robin hens, due to the abnormal ardour of their mates. If more is to be said about the above, some other pen must tell the story. Dr. Easton Scort’s AviArtgs: I cannot do justice to those aviaries in the space at my disposal, and I hope at some near date to figure them with photos and ground plans. The main aviary is on the lawn, a large enclosure some 60 x 36 feet, with a shelter about 18 x 12 feet (these are approximate measurements and probably underestimated), the flight is laid out as a garden, with a shrubbery all round, then a gravel walk, the centre patch being a _ grass-plot with a small fountain and pool in the centre; the internal standards are adorned with roses, hops, and other climbers— the whole effect being most picturesque and pleasing. On previous occasions I have sat on the centre grass-plot with Dr. and Mrs. Scott and watched the birds disporting around us, without disturbing them in the least or preventing them visiting and feeding their families. In this aviary have been bred and reared to maturity Blue (Tanagra episcopus) and Searlet (Rhamphocoelus brasilius) Tanagers, the only ones of their kind bred in Great Britain. At the time of our visit (April 8th) the Scarlet Tanagers already had a beauti- fully constructed, cup-shaped nest, in the fork of a laurel bush and were busily engaged in the duties of incubation. Here also are annually reared Gouldian and other Grassfinches, and on more than one oecasion suecess has been all but obtained with Violet-eared Waxbills and Rufous-throated Blue Sugar- birds. Full reference, however, can only be made in an An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. 157 article devoted to these aviaries alone and well illustrated. The other aviaries are, a smallish one as winter quarters for the birds given protection, and this winter most of the Grass- finches, Waxbills, etc., have been housed therein. There is also a large aviary, somewhat shaded by overhanging trees, over 70 feet long, and lofty, it has a moveable partition, enabling it to be used as two aviaries, each with a shelter. Here were to be seen all the ‘Freely Imported Species,” and many rare and uncommon species also—I will only partially enumerate them. Violet-eared Waxbills. Grey-winged Ouzels. Black-cheeked Waxbills. Green Cardinals. Gold-breasted Waxbills. Gouldian Finches. Grey Waxbills. Pectora! Finches. St. Helena Waxbills. Chestnut Finches.. Orange-cheeked Waxbills. Bicheno’s Finches. Virefinches. Cuban Finches. Cordon Bleus. Zebra Finches. Indigo Buntings. Himalayan Greenfinches. Red-headed Buntings. Tri-colour Mannikins. Black-headed Buntings. Bronze Mannikins. Nonpariel Buntings. White-headed Mannikins. Scarlet Tanagers. Black-headed Siskin. Blue Tanagers. Parson Finches. Pretre’s Tanagers. Long-tailed Grassfinches. Superb Tanagers. Masked Grassfinches. There are many others, but the above will indicate the representative character of Dr. Scott’s collection. The bulk of the species have successfully reared young at various periods, but like most other aviaries success varies and one has to take the bad with the good—as one would imagine such equipment keeps the death-rate very low. With this very inadequate notice I must pass on to the next visited. Mr. Warren WiiitaAms’ AyraAry: This aviary is long and narrow, neatly and tastefully built, with a cosy shelter; it faces south, at the back is a wall, half the width of the entire length of roof of flight is covered in, and the birds, are quite snug even during severe weather. It was planted with privet and various evergreens. Our visit here was a very short one and the dusk of evening too, was already making itself felt. Most of the birds had retired, so had to be disturbed for our benefit, and, of course, under such conditions one could not see them at their best—there was 158 An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. quite a crowd of Wakxbills and the ‘Small Ornamental Finches,” all in such condition as would do credit to any aviary, bespeaking intelligent care and treatment, and also a personal interest in their general welfare on the part of their owner. I have never seen birds in better condition, not even on the show-bench—yet they dwell in their out-door quarters all the year round and this suited them admirably, as their excellent and roust condition amply demonstrated. Un- fortunately I took no list here and I have _ delayed writing for one till too late, but, I hope Mr. Warren-Williams will send a photo and description of his aviary and its occu- pants to appear in a later issue. He is to be congratulated on a pleasing and well planned aviary, enhanced by the setting of a beautiful garden, and a series of the “ Small Ornamental Finches” to grace and “people” it with life and beauty. Breeding results, during the three years it has been up, have been quite up to the average, and his interest in them was only too apparent as we gossiped of their doings. Masor HorspruGH’s AVIARIES AND WATERFOWL: Our visit here was the opening one on Good Friday, and we were favoured with beautiful weather, making our wanderings round the lakes and grounds of Tandridge Priory a delightful one. We were fortunate too to get a glimpse of the Kingfisher, which nests on the banks of one of the lakes and the nest hole was pointed out, which led to the chamber in which a brood was being reared. The aviaries here have only just been finished and are as yet neither fully furnished nor stocked. A long greenhouse forms the shelter, the roof being fitted with blinds to keep off extreme heat, and a fully ade- quate hot-water service will provide against winter’s cold. The greenhouse has been divided up into several divisions, each with a separate out-door flight, the last of whichi is really large, lofty, and well sheltered, and should provide ample accommodation for a fairly large mixed collection of birds, at present only the nucleus of the collection is there —one or two of the enclosures are specially for the reception of the various consignments, which reach Major Horsbrugh from time to time, and in consequence the occupants of these will be continually changing. In a conservatory we noticed a very fine specimen of the rare Sharpe’s Wood Owl (Syrnium nuchale), which was An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. 159 finger tame, in fact so tame that strangers could handle it with impunity, and it delighted in having its poll and chin scratched, purring with delight the while; it was a most fascinating pet and though Owls have never attracted me to the extent of keeping them, yet I rather envied its owner the possession of so charming a bird. In one of the enclosures were a pair of the rare Yuca- tan Jays (Cissolopha yucatanica), both still in immature plumage, and uncannily tame—I almost fear I am committed for some of this group as soon asIcan arrange accommodation. The other birds we noted were: a fine Senegal Parrot, an exquisite pair of Blue Robins and some Troupials. In the lovely grounds surrounding the house are three lakes, most picturesquely placed against a background of rhododendron coverts and a thick wood. These were approxi- mately of about one-and-a-half, three-quarters, and half acre extent respectively, and on them disported the following Water- fowl :— Coreopsis and Ruddy-headed Geese. Common, and Ruddy Sheldrakes. Bewick’s Swans. 5 Surface-feeding Ducks: Shoveller, Mallard, Pin-tail, Bahama, Pin-tail, Mandarin, Carolina, Wigeon, American Wigeon, and Chiloe Wigeon. Teal: Chestnut-breasted, Ringed, Falcated, Baikal, Common, Garganey, American, Blue-winged, and Chilian. Diving Ducks: American Ringed (Fuligula collaris), American Lesser Seaup (Ful'gula affin's), Common Scaup, Tufted, and Common, Rosy-billed, and Red-crested Pochard. Time passed all too quickly and we reluctantly had to decline an invitation to lunch and proceed on our way. Mr. Scorr Freenann’s Avtartes: IT am not going to describe these, as not only have they already been referred to in our Journal, but Mr. Freeland has kindlv consented to describe their construction, their occunants and results in a near issue of ‘Bird Notes.” In consequence I made no list of their occupants, the bulk of which have been shut in the shelters during the winter months—all of them looking in the best of condition, in fact the plumage of most of them was in exhibition trim. Among others we noted the following :— Silver-eared Mesia. Yellow-wing Sugar-birds. Pekin Robin. Purple Sugar-birds. Virginian Cardinal. Blue Sugar-birds. 160 Birds of the Jhelum District. Shama. Orange-headed Ground Thrushes. Grassfinches (various ). Superb Tanagers. Weavers (various ). Tri-colour Tanagers. Nonpareil Buntings. Scarlet Tanagers. Rainbow Buntings. Blue Tanagers. Indigo Buntings. Waxbills (various). Mannikins (various ). Cuban Finches. Cordon Bleus. Tavender Finches. Gold-fronted Fruitsuckers. Whydahs. Again we fain would have lingered, but time pressed and we reluctantly sail good-bye and left for East Hoathly, where again we were met by a warm welcome from our host, Dr. Lovell-IKXeays, and his almost bewildering array of foreign birds; but, this I must leave for another instal- ment. I can only hope that interest will be as sustained in reading the account, as ours was in observing and noting, Then these notes will serve some practical purpose and not have been penned in vain. To be continued. —— @——_ Birds of the Jielum District. lave 18l, WHISTLER, WaPo, Wl O10 - (Continued from page 136). March 1.—Travelled 40 miles by Tonga from Jatli to Dumman over the high table land which averages some 1,500 feet above sea level. The chief features in the way of birds were a number of Chats, chiefly White-capped Chat (Saxicola cap- istrata) and Strickland’s Chat (S. opistholeuca), and a few Desert Chats (S. deserti) and Pied Chats (S. picata); the Indian Grey Shrike (Lanins lahtora) was very much in evi- dence ; many Pipits and flocks of Short-toed Larks and Sky- larks were common in the fields along the road. Signs of the spring migrations were seen in various flights of duck and a few Ruddy Sheldrakes, which were visiting the village ponds, and in one place a couple of Pintail and a spring of Teal were found in a flooded wheat- field by the side of the road. Although I have travelled this road over a dozen times before, this is the first oc- casion on which Duck have been noted. Several Striated Swallows (sp.?), a Wryneck (lynx torquilla), and a number of European Hoopoes (Upupa epope) were also migrants. A nest of the Indian Tawny Eagle (Aquila vindhiana) Birds of the Jhelum District. 161 containing a single egg was found on the extreme top of a large Shisham tree standing in broken ground near the road. When flushed the bird merely flew to the top of a neigh- bouring tree and sat there taking no notice of the man who climbed up to the nest. March 2.—Camp at Dumman. Made the acquaintance for the first time of the Eastern Linnet (Acanthis cannabina fringillirostris ) which differs from the English race chiefly in the tint of re@ on the forehead and breast which are in the [astern bird of a pomegranate red. It was common enough, oe- eurring in small flocks and in parties of two or three in- dividuals. These would often be noted, flying overhead, attention being called by their twittering note, or settling at the tops of Shisham and Kikur trees. I do not remem- ber seeing any on the ground. In the early mornings the males were singing freely at the tops of trees around the Rest House. The species was noted about for the greater part of my tour, but apparently became scarcer towards the end. It is, of course, only a winter visitor in these parts. A Blue-rock Thrush (Petrophila cyanus) noted, also a Black-winged Kite (Hlanus caeruleus) the first of the species that I have seen in this district, although it is said to be fairly common in Kohat district, and I found it on several occasions in Ferozepore district further south. March 3.—Camp Dumman. Met with a small party of Little Green Bee-Eaters (Mcrops viridis)—the first of the numbers that will spread over the country—in a lew days they had become general. This species is a summer visitor only in these parts, and immensely common, being one of the familiar birds known to everyone: it continues common until the end of September, and then departs, all being gone by the middle of the month. The country round here is almost entirely broken up into cliffs and ravines of hard earth, hollowed out by the action of rain and sun into all sorts of subterranean cracks and crevices. These afford homes to numbers of Blue Rock Doves (Columba intermedia) which breed in the cracks— hence it is no unusual thing to be startled by the hasty and noisy exit of a pair of the pigeons from the ground almost by one’s feet. A Pine Bunting (Emberiza leucocephala) and a Wall Creeper noted. March 4——Camp Dumman. The Indian Swift (Cypselus affinis) is common here at present and commencing to nest in the bungalow verandah. This species is smaller than the English bird, and marked with a conspicuous white bar across the rump and lower bank. They have much the same noisy 162 Birds of the Jhelum Distriet. ery uttered in flight; and were occasionally very noisy in the evening in their nests. They form one of the typical features of the Punjab villages nesting in the roofs of the houses and hawking about in swarms in the immediate vicinity—a village is very rich in insect life of every description! The nests are of various shapes and _ sizes, from a mere pad in a hole to a _ large hemispherical structure with an entrance funnel attached to the under- surface of a beam of rock, made of a miscellaneoug assort- ment of feathers and straws stuck together with saliva. On occasion I have found an old nest of a Striated Swallow utilised by a pair of this species—a similar occurrence was doubtless responsible for fhe statement that the Tndian Swift built a mud nest. The eggs are of course white, of the typical cypseline type. In these parts I have noted them about in every month of the year except December and January; they are, however, scarcer in October and November, and but few appear in February. March 5.—From Dumman to Chakwal, finding on the way one egg in a nest of Aquila vindhiana, situated in a side fork of a very tall Shisham Tres, | flushed the bird with difficulty, and she at once settled some 50 yards away on the next tree, allowing me to ride up under the tree and scrutinise her with my glasses, to observe the ear-shaped nostril. Also found two new nests of the Indian Grey Shrike Lanius lahtora in thorn trees. In the evening at Chakwal there were a large number of Tufted Duck with a few Common Pochards on the village tank. March 6.—In a small marshy valley I found some seven or eight Ruffs and Reeves feeding: they were rather shy but I managed to bag one and found the carease good eating after I had skinned the bird for my collection. These birds were on migration and I have not met them before in the district. On the same ground were a couple of Snipe, a few Lap- wings, and several Red-wattled Lapwings (Sarcogrammus indicus); as well as one or two of those lovely birds, the Yellow-headed Wagtail (Motacilla citreola). This Wagtail is essentially a marsh bird, and is found commonly where- ever a pond or stream is bordered with rushes or grass ; it is also found feeding on grass-lands by the rivers’banks. This race, as well as Hodgson’s Yellow-headed Wagtail (M. citreoloides), is in these parts a spring visitor only, occur- ring commonly in March, April, and May, I can imagine no more charming birds for anyone with a large well- watered aviary, but there would probably be some difficulty in securing live birds, March Birds of the Jhelum District. 163 A Kestrel, Lugger Falcon, and two Striated Swallows (species ?) seen. 7.—Returned to Dumman. The common Woodpecker of these parts is the Sindh Pied Woodpecker (Dendrocopus sindh- ianus) which to the casual observer would seem very like our English Greater Spotted Woodpecker. It is interest- ing to note that the Salt Range which divides the district roughly into two parts—the high Chakwal plateau about 1,500 feet above sea level, and the lower Jhelum plains 7OO-800 feet in elevation—forms the border between two common species of Woodpecker; the Sindh Pied Wood- pecker occurring in the Salt Range and the Chakwal area, and the Golden-backed Woodpecker (Brachypternus auran- tius) occurring on the low ground; this being its extreme limit for the north-western Punjab. March; $.—Dumman. While returning from visiting the scene of a dacoity. I saw a dark lump high up on a sandstone cluf by a narrow stream bed that I was approaching. Think- ing it might possibly prove to be a nest I kept my eye on it, and sure enough when I approached fairly close a Raven slipped off and flew up to settle on the top of the cliff. This made me turn out of the path to examine the place more closely and it then became clear that the lump indeed was a nest. The site was on the face of the cliff near the top, but the only method of approach without copes was certainly trom the base. The man with me, an active Masalli, said he was willing to essay the climb, and he scaled half the distance easily enough up the fallen debris at the foot of the cliff. The first Raven had dis- appeared, and as the man had started to climb a second Raven had left the nest and settled on a rock near by, where it was croaking and puffing up its feathers in a most amusing way. When the man reached the difficult part of the climb, where foothold had to be cleared on lumps and ledges of the soft sandstone, both Ravens (the first had returned) seemed to consider that the matter was becoming serious, and started flying about, croaking and making most real- istic stoops which caused the man to duck and try to scare them off ; indeed had they gone for him in earnest it would have been a serious matter, as his foothold was precari- ous, and I was some small distance away with a couple of fidgetty horses. However, the Ravens soon retired to a rock at the top of a cliff on the other side of the stream and stayed there, discussing the situation, until the downward climb had commenced. The last portion of the climb was very difficult, but the man reached the nest and shouted that 164 Birds of the Jhelum District. there were three eggs, which I told him to take, The descent was more hazardous than the ascent, and for part of the way the eggs had to be lowered in stages, tied in one end of the man’s long turban—a _ process which caused a large dent in one egg. But after a great deal of trouble man and eggs duly reached the bottom, and the Raven returned and sat in her empty nest. A number of Harriers were flying about over the wheat fields, busy quartering the ground for quarry; on one occasion there were four in sight at once. I could not ascertain the species, but as they were about still on 10th March and then disappeared (without any change in the local conditions) I conclude they were passing through on migration. A Black Stork (Ciconia nigra) and a Rufous-backed Shrike (Lanius erythronotus) seen. March 10.—A Wall-Creeper (Tichodroma muraria) noted. Moved to camp at Miswal where I found a spring of about a dozen Teal frequenting some patches of flooded wheat about a hundred yards from my tent. They were at the same spot morning and evening for the next two days, but their numbers were rather reduced in the end— a welcome change to the ordinary camp fare! March 11.—Camp at Miswal. In the early morning a large flock of Plover passed overhead and settled in the distance; and in the evening they again passed over—these were almost certainly Sociable Lapwings (Chettusia gregaria) on mi- gration. On my return to Jhelum I noted a small trip on 17th March in which the males were black-breasted, i.c., in full plumage, and my men then told me that they had been about for some days during my absence from headquarters. March 12.—Found another pair of Ravens nesting in hollow on the face of a‘ steep cliff, the nest was probably empty, as they were still carrying sticks up to it. In the sandy stream beds and nullahs which intersect the country round about Dumman I have noted several pairs of the Little Ring Plover (Agialitis dubia), which by their behaviour evidently intend to nest. tn the evening a Little Owl (Athene brama) was hunting near my tent, often hovering over the growing wheat in a very Kestrel-like manner. March 13.—A Wall-Creeper (Tichodroma muraria) met with in a bare nullah. It had almost completed the moult into summer plumage i.e., the throat and breast were black, and the crown grey. A Blue-throat seen. March 14.—Marched from Dumman to Chak Chakora. The Chats which have been such a feature of these parts have practically Birds of the Jhelum District. 165 all departed, only a tew Desert Chats (Saxicola deserti) being still about. The Eastern Meadow Bunting is. still about. Three Stilts (Himanthopus candidus) noted in a wayside pond where also was a large spring of Teal. Qe British Bird Calendar. alt (@} cross fhem with the white variety. There are no White ones in the aviary and I am pleased they have done so well. The Javas are along with my Pudgerigars, Canaries, and all my small Foreign Finches. (Mrs.) ALINE BONNICK. 5 British Bird Catendar. Brief notes on Migration Movements, rare visitants, uncommon nesting occurrences and general field notes for this calendar should reach the Hon. Editor not later than the 28th of each month. The co- operation of ail is solicited. ARRIVAL OF Migrants: Hereunder are the earliest dates I have recorded this spring, either at Hazeleigh or the adjoining parish of Danbury. April 4.—Swallows (pair), Danbury. ,, 10.—Nightingale, Hazeleigh. » LO0.—Cuckoo, Danbury. ,, 12.—Tree Pipit, Hazeleigh. ,, 14.—Chiff-chaff, Hazeleigh. ,, 14.—Blackeap, Danbury. ,, 15.—Swallows (pair), Hazeleigh. », 19. Cuckoo, Hazeleigh. I have personal records of the Swallow for 25 years and find the previous records for the Nightingale, April, 12th, 1901, at Haze- leigh is fhe carliest; April 14th, 1904, at Hazeleigh is the previous earliest for the Cuckoo. That this is an exceptionally early spring may also be gathered from the fact that I first saw an Orange-tip Butterfly yesterday, April 20th, and on reference fo my diary I find that I have records for 34 years (unfortunately not quite consecutive) and only six of these are in April, the earliest being 7th April, 1871, near Sevenoaks. G. H. R., Hazeleigh, 21/4/14. April 12.—Swallow, Ipswich. ,, 16.—Wryneck, Ipswich. », 19.—Lesser-Whitethroat and Willow Warbler, Ipswich. », 22.—Blackcap, Ipswich. ,, 24.—Garden Warbler, Ipswich. ,, 25.—Nightingale, Ipswich. B. H. S., Ipswich, 27/4/14. April 12.—One Swallow seen on Southsea Common about 12-30 p-m. The date last year was 20th April. ,, 20.—Cuckoo heard and two Whitethroats seen on Portsdown Hills. D. BE. P., Southsea, 12/4/14, 174 British Bird Calendar. April 12.—Saw flock of hundreds of Swallows, which swooped down here (Harrogate), one was pure white. ,, 21—Saw and heard Cuckoo. ,, 26.—Saw in Ripley Woods a fairly large bird, mostly yellow with blackish head, apparently an Oriole; also a black and white Woodpecker, and two Kingfishers. B. H., Harrogate, 27/4/14. NOTES FROM NORTH UNST LIGHTHOUSE. March 6.—First Oyster Catcher. 95 6.—Numerous Solan Geese. am .8.—4 Lapwing. 5 12—23.—Large flocks of Starlings (common). . 12.—10 Ravens, 1 Skylark. si 16.—Kittiwake on water. i 18.—2 Redshanks, 1 Golden Plover. - 19.—Large flocks of Razor-bil!s and Guillemots (black) on water. - 23.—Shag, busy building. a 24.—Rock Pipits’ nest with one egg. - 24.—30 Hider Ducks, mostly males. 5s 26.—Kittiwakes landed on Cliffs. 5 29.—1 Glaucous Gull. - 31.—2 Blackbirds, 1 Skylark, at lantern. April 1.—Guillemots landed on Cliffs. y 6.—Great Skua seen coming from north. a 6.—1 Faleon Hawk. x 4.—3 Red-throated Divers. . 1.—Curlew. . 9.—1 Lesser Black-backed Gull and 4 Sparrows. » 12.—1 Female Blackbird. » 15.—Puffins arrived. , 16.—1 Redwing, and 1 Starling killed at lantern. ,» 18.—1 Snow Bunting. ,» 19.—2 Carrion Crows and 1 Snipe. » 19.—1 Merlin Hawk. I also quofe you an extract from one of the men’s letters - “Tmagine a Rock Pipit building here in March, it got the length of laying one egg, then cold north wind with frost and snow came on and it has given over the notion now till a more suitable time. It laid the first egg on the 24th March. One of the Twites we have had has been troubled with asthma all winter, so to-day being fine we thought it a good opportunity of fetting it away,, it took a fly round for an hour or so, then came to its cage, so we took it in again.” D.E.P., Southsea, 4/5/14. ——— eae Vv SOX 2) 67 Parrake ef Ay NE sii “ Ys: = see ap =| 2|4 reo — — ° ww GE s ele -c pS Per Wy (=) ale serene eS A hequals Ven Feet. € NC) 0 Sek diye Epsg7ne7 = Pe {e! a3 5 =a SS tae OF Sani PPI E EES ce OFT GH HAWTHORN g Q & S w ae fake Ni nal = w ‘s S| finosperas Re) ee P ° Sl cd i suckle S ¢ foIT» (em Se of 3 re a 3 5 we ae all « a iS} a if — nu 22X15 Fr. N72 S 3} Ruan = anes Aviaries— Dee EAYS All Rights Reserved. JunE, 1914. BIRD NOTES: —— THE —— JOURNAL OF THE FOREIGN BIRD CLUB An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. By Wisin Ds PACH HEZeS He. (Continued from Page 160). Dr. L. Lovenn-Krays’ AvrAries: Very few general remarks can be made, as there are twelve aviaries to note briefly, and, as with the exception of Nos. 1 and 8, which are a year old, all the others enter upon their first season this vear, also being modern, call for a fairly full description, and I hope their owner will supplement these notes with a further description, and recount many episodes concerning them in our pages in the course of the season. The photo-reproductions and plans render almost un- necessary detailed descriptions of the aviaries themselves. With the exception of the Parrakeets’ Aviaries and the Weavers’ Aviary, only the inner compartments were in use at the time of our visit, the more delicate Waxhills, Finches and Soft- bills had not yet been given access ‘to the flights, though this was done about two days after we left. Though only in their first season the aviaries have already too many occupants, and my friend, Dr. Lovell-Keays, like mvself, and many others, has vet to learn to control the desire of acquisition. By careful and selected planting the flights already possess plenty of cover and already present a picturesque appear- ance. Needless to say Mr. Haggie and I spent the bulk of our time here, amid the birds and aviaries: and, a beautiful garden almost in its full spring glory received but scant attention. Avtary No. 1: This aviary has heen in existence for a year, and last season it housed a goodly number of Finches and Waxbills, and in snite of enlargements and alterations proceeding at intervals Cuving the year, breeding results were not entirely lacking. This aviary is now called the Weavers’ 176 An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. Aviary, as many of its occupants belong to that group—-the area; marked shrubbery in this aviary, on plan, have grass borders and are planted with Berberis, Hawthorn, Re!inospora, Aspen, Aucuba, Elder, Apple, Hawthorn, Fir, Plum, and Docks; also Honeysuckle and Virginian Creeper to cover standards and walls. The area of the flight is 20 x 20 x 8 feet high, less the 10 x 6 feet area of Aviary No. ‘2. The shelter is a sub- stantial brick outbuilding, 153 x 52 x 15 feet high and well lighted. The occupants are as under: Gold-fronted Fruitsuckers (Chlorops:s aurifrons). Waawings (Ampelis garrulus). ted-crested Cardinals (Paroaria cucullata), nesting. Virginian Cardinals (Cardinal's cardinalis). Mexican Rosefinches (Carpodacus mexicanus), have rearel young — nesting. > Jacarint Finches (Volatinia jacarini), incubating again. Pekin Robins (Liothrix futeus), 2 pairs—1 pair nesting. Parson Finches (Poephila cincta), feeding young. Zebra Finches (Taeniopygia castanolis), several pairs—bred in the aviary. Orange-cheek Waxbills (Sporaeginthus melpodus), Grey Wax- bills (Hstrilda cinerca), 2 pairs Grey Waxbills (H. cinerea). Golden-breasted Waxbills (Sporaeginthus subflavus), 2 pairs. Masked Grassfinches (Poephila personata), incubating. Parson Finch ©’ mated to Masked Grassfinch 9. Zebra Doves (Geopelia striata), incubating. Cape Doves (Ocna capensis). Bronze-wing Mannikins (Spermestes cucullata), 1 pair and 2 young. Magpie Mannikins (Amauresthes fringilloides), teeding young. Nonparei! Buntings (Cyanospiza ciris), 2 o, 1 Q. White-headed Mannikins (Munia maja). Avadavats (Sporaeginthus amandava). Green Singingfinches (Serinus icterus), 1 o&, 2 Q. Grenadier Weavers (Pyromclana oryx), 2 &, 1 Q. Taha Weavers (P. taha). Napoleon Weavers (P. afra). Crimson-crowned Weavers (P. /lammiceps). Orange Weavers (P. franciscana). Comoro Weavers (Nesacanthis eminentissima ). Madagascar Weavers (Foudia madagascariensis), 2 co, 1 4)’. Red-headed Weavers (Qauelea erythrops), ©. Brown-backed Weavers (Cinnamopteryx rubiginosa). each cross-mated. ma ‘eC “ON—AIVIAW Your SAvay-[Joaoy “Id SALON aug An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. 177 Paradise Whydahs (Steganura paradisea). Chinese Bunting (o’), Blue Tanager (0'), Black Tanager ((). In pairs except where otherwise stated. AviARyY No. 2: This is a slip 10 x 6 feet taken out of aviary No. 1, the arrangement of which is clearly indicated on plan. Its occupants are a pair of Red-collared Lorikeets (Tricho- glossus rubritorques), which had been out of doors all the winter, and were in perfect condition and beautiful plumage, forming a most attractive spectacle as they performed won- derfu!l acrobatic feats within the precincts of their enclosure, ever and anon playing with each other like monkeys. AvtAry No. 3: This is really one of the most, if not the most important of the series, as it contains the gems of Dr. Lovell-Keays’ Passerine series. A reference to the photos and plan will make all clear as to its general arrangement, and very few explanations are necessary. A ‘glance at the photos will show that ingress and egress is gained by means of drop windows—this system applies to aviaries Nos. 3 to 7, and is shown most clearly in the photo of Aviary No. -6. The centre doors are mainly for attendance purposes. The shelter of this aviary is divided into two by a service passage; at the end of the passage is overhead communication between the two flights, which can be cut off by sliding doors, when required, as separate flights for winter housing of various species. A radiator at the top of the service passage keeps up a comfortalle temperature during the winter months. ‘The shrubberies in the outer flight have grass margins and are planted with Jasmine, Ivy, Aucuba, Elder, Retinospora, Privet, Honeysuckle, Bush and Rambler Roses, Apple, Hawthorn, Wil- low, Kerria, Clematis, etc. Docks, and similar herbage are in- serted in suitable positions and the result is practical and picturesque. This aviary contains (in pairs except where other- wise stated) the following species: Hooded Siskins (Chrysomitris cucullata), 2 pairs. Colombian Siskin (C. colombiana), & only. Yellow-wirged Sugarbirds (Coercba cyanea). Purple Sugarbirds (C. caerulea), G& only. Llue Sugarbirds (Dacnis cayana), nesting—2 o, 1 Q. Necklace Tanagers (Chlorophonia viridis). African Zosterops (Zosterops virens). Dutresne’s Finches (Lagonosticta dufresni). 178 An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. Sydney Waxbills (Aegintha temporalis), incubating. Black-faced Waxbills (Hstrilda erythronota). Violet-eared Waxbills (Granatina granatina). Lavender Finches (Lagonosticta cacrulescens), 2 pairs—both nest- ing. Firefinches (ZL. senegalus), 2 pairs. Crimson Finch (Neochmia phaecton), CO only. Green Avadavats (Stictospiza formosa), 2 pairs. Cordon Bleus (Estrilda phoen‘cotis), several pairs. Blue-breasted Waxbills (H. angolensis). Long-tailed Grassfinches (Poephila acuticauda), 2 o, 1 2. Heck’s Long-tailed Grassfinches (P. heck’), incubating. a Diamond Finches (Steganopleura guttata), 2 co, 1 9. B.H. Gouldian Finches (Poephila gou'diae), 2 &, 3 Q—1 pair incubating . Masked Grassfinches (P. personafa), incubating. Pectoral Finches (Munia pectoralis), nesting. Chestnut Finches (M. castaneithorax )., Melba Finches (Pylel’a melba), incubating. Tri-coloured Parrot Finches (Hrythrura_ trichroa). Pin-tailed Parrot Finches (H. pras‘na), nesting. Quail Finches (Ortygospiza polyzona), 2 pairs. Black-faced Quail Finch (O. nigricollis), Cc only. Ruficauda Finches (Bathilda ruficauda). Nonpareil Buntings (Cyanospiza ciris). Indigo Buntings (C. cyanca), 2 co, 1 Q. Rainbow Buntings (C. leclancheri), @ only. Grey Singingfinches (Serinus leucopygius). Alario Finches (Alario alario), nesting. Yellow Sparrows (Passer luteus). Orange-cheek Waxbills (Sporaeginthus melpodus). Scaly-crowned Finches (Sporop*pes squamosa), nesting. Cherry Finch (Q), Avadavat (), Diamond Dove (@’), Passerine Dove (Q), Cape Dove (Q). Aviary No. 4: No description is necessary, as plan gives all details. The shelter is 8 x 4} feet, and the grassed flight is 12 x 43 feet. Herein are housed the following: Orange-flanked Parrakeet (Brotogcrys pyrrhopterus ). Canary-winged Parrakeet (B. chiriri), Q only. Tui Parrakeet (B. tui), Q only. Passerine Parrakeet (Psitlacula passerina ). Guiana Lovebirds (P. guianensis). Speckled Conure (Conurus cuops). Aviary No. 5: This is merely a netted off corner of No. 6, 3 x 4 x 6 feet high, and is used as isolation quarters for new arrivals, etc. © ‘ON—AIRIAW YOULT oY} JO MOTA Oplg V Baty eae SHULON dulg An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. 179 It contained 38 Red-headed Lovebirds (Agapornis pul- laria), one pair and an odd bird. Aviary No. 6: This has a shelter 11 x 94 feet, and is fitted with a hot water service for winter use. The flight is approximately 28 x 9 feet, the ground area is grass, crossed by gravel paths and furnished with leaf.ess oaks, branches, nesting barrels and logs—the photo is very clear and fully illustrates the general arrangement details. It contains the following species, in pairs unless otherwise stated. bennant’s Parrakeet (Platycercus elegans), 1 o& and + young. Meaty Rosella Parrakeets (P. pallidiceps). Blossom-headed Parrakeets (Palacornis cyanocephala), 1 & and 2 young. Rose-headed Parrakeets (P. rosa), oO only. Jendaya Parrakeets (Conwrus jendaya). All Green Parrakeets (Brologerys tirica). budgerigars (Melopsitlacus undulatus), 2 pairs and young. Californian Quail (Lophorlyx californica), with 9 eggs. AviARY No. 7: The shelter is 93 x 4 feet, and the flight 12 x 4 feet—all details will be gathered from plan and pheto. It is given up to Rosy-faced Lovebirds (Agapornis rosei- collis), two cocks and one hen. The pair are believed to be feeding young The above series of aviaries are termed the North Aviaries, being situated at the north end of the kitchen garden, and the series yet to be described are called the Sou.ch Aviaries from their position at that end of the garden, but, both series have south aspects. 4 AviaRy No. 8: ‘This is only indicated on plan, as a plan and description appeared in last Vol. of ‘ B.N.,” and 1 must refer readers to the former account, meieiy remarking that there is a fine large flight, with only a small shelter, but this lack has been made good by an abundant provision of eaves. The birds have done well in it; it was inaugurated in May, 1913. It contains the following, in pairs unless otherwise marked :— Red Rosella Parrakeets (Platycercus eximius). Red-rump Parrakeets (Psephotus hacmatonotus). Ring-necked Parrakeets (Palacornis torquatus). Moustache (Banded) Parrakeets (P. fasciata), \ 180 An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. Cockateels (Calopsittacus novae-hollandiac), 2 o, 4 ©O—bred in avlary . Black-cheeked Lovebirds (Agapornis nigrigcnis), 2 pairs—bred in aviary. Madagascar Lovebirds (A. cana), 2 pairs—bred in aviary. Green and Yellow Budgerigars, a flock. Yellow-bellied Conures. Tui Parrakeet (¢’), mated to All Green (9 )—incubating. Golden Pheasant (Co) and Red-crested Cardinal. Aviary No. 9: The plan supplies all details; here are housed pairs of Red Rosella Parrakeets and Half-moon Conures (Conurus aureus), the former believed to be feeding young. AvIARIES Nos. 10 and 11: These are used as winter quarters, birdrooms, or reception chambers, and form excellent flights for the purpose; there were no occupants at the time of our visit. Aviary No. 12: This aviary is a very picturesque one indeed; the small water course and island of rushes and reeds at its southern extremity is most effective and pleasing —for further details see plan. Here we saw disporting them- selves amid the sunlight foliage pairs of the following species: R.H. Gouldian Finches (Poephila gouldiae), 2 pairs. Brown-backed Robins (Thamnobia cambaiensis). Bearded Reedlings (Panurus biarmicus), 3 o and 2 Q—1 pair incubating. Cordon Bleus (Hstrilda phoenicotis ). Golden-breasted Waxbills (Sporacginthus subflavus). Australian Water-Rails (Rallus pectoralis). On the Good Friday (midnight) and also the following night Dr. Lovell-Keays and I had the privilege of hearing the Nightingale—several birds were singing, but not pouring out the fuli volume of their song—he said this was the first time he had heard it this season and it was ‘early for the district. Mr. H. L. Sicm’s Aviarius: These have also been referred to on several occasions in our pages. The main one, which is a combination aviary for Waders and Passerine birds, has now developed to such an extent that it is very fine in- deed, and the cover all that could be desired, and the ground sinking in three steps or narrow terraces to the lowest level at which is the Waders’ pond with iris and rushes, the whole effect of which must be seen to be appreciated. Here the rose, clematis, coniferae, etc., flourish exceedingly well, for a AY Jooyelieg SAvoy-][eaoy “acy 21 ) ‘ON—Are *( “ aug ALON n Ne 'S An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. 181 the number of birds it contains is small indeed compared to its size (48 x 29 feet). There are two other smaller aviaries; one, the Finch aviary, is a really good size, but these have only just been completed, and though there were a few nest boxes about and one or two trees, very little planting or arrange- ment has up to the present been done, but attached are good shelter, and a well-lighted birdroom and food stores; with these few remarks I shall leave a fuller description to come from Mr. Sich’s pen at some later date. In the main aviary three young Green Cardinals (Gubernatrix cristatus) are al- ready on the wing. The occupants of the main (Waders’) aviary are as follows :— Ruffs, and 1 Reeve. ’ Knots, 3 coming into colour, the other most probably a hen. Dunlins, all coming into colour. 2 Black-tailed Godwits. Redshank, does not call, probably a hen. pair Black-gorgeted Jay-Thrushes (Garrulax pectoralis). Os — carrying nesting material. 1 pair Green Cardinals (Gubernatrix cristata), have 3 young on the wing all but fending for themselves; hen is incubating another clutch of eggs, in the same nest. 4 Twites, one pair have completed a nest. 1 pair Yellow Sparrows (Passer luteus). 1 pair Cuban Finches, incubating. 1 pair Bearded Reedlings (Panurus biarmicus). 1 ©& Madagascar Weaver and three others, either cocks out of colour, or hens. The Finch AVIARY contains :— pair Aurora Finches (Pytelia phoenicoptera). pair Zebra Finches, 1 pair feeding young, the other incubating. pair Lavender Finches. Grey Waxbills. St. Helena Waxbill. St. Helena Waxbill. pair Green Avadavats. oO Red Avadavats. hen Canary. pair Gold-breasted Waxbills. Oo B.H. Gouldian Finch and 3 of last season’s young rot yet in full colour. Cd Males: Parrot Finch, Java Sparrow, Alario Finch, White- throated Finch, Masked Grassfinch, and Bronze-wing Man- nikin. Pree De IO bo Pee 182 An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. Sitip AVIARY contains :— 2 Paradise Whydahs out of colour. Mrs. EK. A. Hartury’s AVIARIES AND Birps: We spent a most interesting half-day with Mrs. Hartley and her birds, and the time passed all too quickly, as many avicuttural episodes were recalled from the past, and the popularity of aviculture and its altered conditions were discussed. We noted in cages in the house excellent specimens or pairs of: Port Lincoln Parrakeets (Barnardius zonarius), Grey Parrot, Grand Eclectus (Hclectus roratus) and a cage containing some good Gouldian and other Grassfinches. In a conservatory, amid a setting of bewildering floral beauty, was a cage full of Waxbills and the small Ornamental Finches, their exquisite condition, happy and contented demeanour fully demonstrat ing the constant and careiul attention they received. At the bottom of the lovely, hill-side garden are silu- ated Aviaries No. 1 and 2; being built on a slope these are considerably above ground level and consequently very dry, with roomy and cosy shelters at back. These are given up to Lories and Parrots ,and we noticed a Swainson’s Lorikeet, Chattering Lory, Red-sided Eclectus Parrots, and Orange- winged Amazon Parrot. For the past few years the Swaiu- son’s Lorikeet and Chattering Lory have been mated together, and for the past three years have annually brought up a brood of hybrids, and at the time of our visit there was another youngster being fed in the nest barrel. AviARY No. 3: This is situated by the side of the house, half hidden by a shrubbery. | It is a roomy, substantial structure of brick, glass, bent ironwork, and straight woven wirework. It contained quite a crowd of birds, among which we noted the following species :— Budgerigars (a large flock). Huss’ Weavers. Black-cheeked Lovebirds. Napoleon Weavers. Cockateels. Orange Weavers. Blossom-headed Parrakeets. Red-billed Weavers. Red-crested Cardinals. Pekin Robins. Virginian Cardinals. Singing Finches. Zebra Finches. Cutthroats. Waxbills (a crowd). Java Sparrows. Mealy Rosella Parrakeets. Japanese and other Buntings. Kied-wing Parrakeets. Grenadier Weaver. Ring-necked Parrakeets. Indigo Buntings. Red-rumped Parrakeets. British Finches (various) White-eared Conures. And many others. Some Eaperiences of Cockatoos. 183 Mrs. Hartley has not added to her stock for the past two years as she has felt unsettled in her present residence, and this year is moving into another county. I noticed very few gaps since my last visit of two years ago, and all the steck was in the best of order, and in conclusion I may state that among them are many veterans ranging up to 19 years old. To be continued. ¢ Some Experiences of Cockatoos. By tHE Marquis oF TAVISTOCK. It is, I think, a not uncommon experience for an avi- culturalist, particularly if he be a veniuresome one, to find that while Fortune may smile upon his efforts in many directions, there will yet remain a group of birds—or perhaps one favourite species—success with which wil always be denied him. In my efforts to breed the rarer and more delicate Australian Parrakeets in continement, and to keep the hardier ones at liberty, I must admit that 1 have been often unsuc- cessful, and have had many a cherished illusion dissipated. 1 used to believe, for instance, that Owls lived on mice and Sparrows and did’nt touch birds the size of a ‘Thrush. Don’t they! ! I used to believe that a mechanical contrivance, such as a trap feeding-tray, would prove obedient to the laws of gravity and the will of the inventor. Jf now Know that it obeys nothing but the evil spirit which possesses it—a cunning and malignant fiend, whose resourceful ‘pranks Ll cannot yet claim to have entirely outwitted. I used to be- lieve that fresh air and cleanliness would check the spread of any infectious ailment. I have since seen rare treasures sicken and die in the pure summer air as free as the swallows, and as healthy, until the slight but fatal taint reached them, and spread by means beyond our power to control. Yes, lL have learned many things in the course of four years’ some- what varied experience—but I have not failed. In the past there has been success as well as misfortune, and, what is even better, there is promise for the future. But with Cockatoos we have always been unlucky and of the many we have kept at different times only three now remain. Still, it is, perhaps, better to have kept and lost 184 Some Experiences of Cockatoos. than never to have kept at all; experience, even if sad, is generally useful—to others, as weil as to oneself. Our first venture with Cockatoos was made about twelve years ago, when a number of Roseates (Cacatua roseicapilla) were given their liberty after spending some weeks in an oui-door aviary. On being released they flew into a tall tree uear at hand, con- sidered the situation for a few minutes and then departed en masse, the majority never been seen or heard of again. One stray bird, it is true, we did come across a few months later, but even that did not appear any more. Clearly this method was not one to repeat, so next time when we got some Sulphur-crests (Cacalua galerita), Rose- ates, Leadbeaters (C. leadbeateri), and two cock Gang-gangs (Callocephalon galealum), we turned them into a large en- closure, with the flight feathers of one wing cut. They played havoc with all the trees they could climb—a cut-winged Cocka- too does more damage than a dozen full-winged ones, partly becausc biting forms the principal outiet for his superfluous energies and partly because his destructive work is not dis- distributed over a wide area. After their clipped wings had grown, the Roseates (none of which were tame) quickly departed, and most of the White Cockatoos followed their example, so that by the beginning of winter a pair of Greater Sulphur-crests, a hen Leadbeater’s, and a cock Gang-gang were all that remained. The Sulphur-cresis were very attractive and made a delightful picture as they circled high in the air, their shrieks, mellowed by distance, sounding not un- pleasant to the ear. When spring came round they showed evident signs of a desire to nest, but an unlucky incursion of workmen into their favourite domain disgusted them ‘so much that they left the garden and were not recovered. The Leadbeater’s and Gang-gang, who still remained, developed a strong attachment for one another, which con- tinued for some years. A few attempts were made to provide them with companions, but all unfortunately ended in failure. On one occasion a fine pair of Gang-gangs were obtained from a dealer, who, I believe, had brought them from a French aviculturalist. After a few days we gave the cock bird his liberty, his affection for his mate being so obvious that there appeared little danger of his straying far from her cage. Our expectations were fully justified, and if we Some Experiences of Cockatoos. 185 had only kept her shut up for a few months until he had become thoroughly familiar with his surroundings, all would probably have gone well. Unluckily, however, we did not do this: the hen was released far too soon, and she and her mate left immediately and were never recovered. About the same time a second Leadbeater’s was turned out, but that, too, was lost almost at once. Possibly it was not of the opposite sex to the bird already at liberty, or else the old Gang-gang may have discouraged the presence of a possible rival nd driven him away from the garden. About a year later I secured a fine pair of Leadbeaters’ and, being absent from home at the time, gave directions that one only was to be released. The hen was accordingly let out, but owing to an unfortunate mistake the cock was removed in his cage to a place where she was afraid to visit him, and in consequence she quickly vanished. After that I cut the cock’s wing and turned him into a walled enclosure, in company with another hen, but, unluckily, she caught cold and died after she had been only a short time in my possession. In due course the cock moulted and flew out, staying for a few weeks, but eventually taking his departure owing to disturbance at his favourite feeding place. The original bird had disappeared some time previously ,and had probably died, as it is unlikely that she would have deserted her alien mate, and, if she had wandered, the Gang-gang would have left with her. C. leadbeateri is a very beautiful Cockatoo and it is a_ pity that our experiments with it at liberty were so unfortunate. Ais a cage and aviary bird it possesses certain rather serious drawbacks, as, although quite hardy, it is often shy and un- sociable in disposition and very spiteful towards other birds. It is also given to screaming hideously and why ‘it has been described as comparatively silent, I cannot imagine. In my opinion its screeches are infinitely more painful than the best efforts of the much-abused Roseate. After the loss of his companion we decided to provide the Gang-gang with a mate of his own species, and ultimately secured a very young hen, still partly covered with down, and quite unable to fly. The cock was much excited by her arrival, and, though rather inclined to treat her roughly at first, he soon became a model and devoted husband. For a time everything went well, but unluckily we made the mistake of leaving the hen too long 186 Some Haperiences of Cockatoos. in ap unheated aviary, and after a cold night in November, she was picked up dead. Like most Cockatoos, the Gang- gang can only stand low temperatures when in perfect plum- age, and properly hardened off. A year later, we obtained the widower another bride, this time an adult bird, who, as her predecessor had done, soon became very tame and af- fectionate with her human friends. The old cock, it may be added would always accept food from the hand, but he resented any liberties being taken with his person. With the new hen we determined to run no risks, cutting her wing when we turned her out, and as she had noi moulieu by the folowing autumn taking her indoors for the winter. With the return of the warm weather, she again went out, but just about the time she rejoined her mate the latter met with a mysterious accident as the result of which the greater part of one of his legs was severed clean off at the Joint. ‘Lhe injury did not appear to alfect his health and spirits, but it interfered a good deal with his activity and comtort. As the hen again jailed to moult her cut wing quills during the course of the summer, we were tinaliy compeiled to remove the stumps, after which the new teathers made a quick growth, and her powers of light were restored. By late autumn she was full-winged and in such fine condition as to be indilferent to the worst weather. During the winter montns Gang-gangs are very silent birds and although the paw never strayed to any great daist- ance, one might have been quite unaware of their presence in the garden for days and even weeks together. A good deal or time was spent in the cypress trees, the harsh, resinous fruits of which, they were extremely fond or; and in fact they subjected the branches to a pretty severe pruning, as they invariably nipped off each twig, which carried a berry, in order to reach the latter with greater ease. Although re- jected by most, if not all, of our British birds, the seeds of the cypress and thuja are relished by the majority of the Parrot Family, even the little Black-cheeked Lovebirds eating them greedily when they are just ripe. The flight of the Gang-gang Cockatoo is rather pecu- liar, and bears a close resemblance to that of the Short-eared Owl, the shape of the wings being very much the same in both. The Cockatoo also possesses a manner of alighting Some Experiences of Cockatoos. 187 which is very Owl-like—shooting up on to a branch and instantly closing its wings without the preliminary flutter characteristic of most large birds. Unlike Roseates and Bank- sians (Calyptorhynchus banksii), Gang-gangs seldom take a sustained flight of a mile or more at a time, neither do they ever rise high in the air, and after circling round several times return to their original perch. When spring came round the pair began to find their voices again and in the early mornings would indulge in the most inharmonious duets which sometimes lasted for more than half an hour without a pause. They also began to look about for a nesting-site, and finally selected the hollow branch of an oak tree about fifty feet from the ground. Both sexes took part in the incubation of the eggs, and the cock sat quite as much as the hen, whom, however, he never attempted to feed. For a long time we were uncertain whether young had been hatched or not, but after about eight weeks the old birds’ visits to the nest became infrequent, and finally ceased, and examination revealed nothing but three infertile eggs—a disappointing result, but, considering the crippled condition of the cock, a very natural one. The eggs were rather large, round in shane, and of a dirty white colour. The following autumn I bought two pairs of young Gang-gangs, which the dealer, undeterred by the fact that one of the cocks was still in down and quite destitute of quill feathers, informed me had heen flying for some time in a gentleman’s outdoor aviary. I put them into a cool indoor flight. but, on the temperature falling below 50 degrees, two of them became so ill that they nearly died and TJ hastily eaged the lot and brought them into a warm room. For a time they did very well, displaying for some weeks a curious habit of roosting, clinging head downwards from the tops of their cages—more like Hanging Parrakeets than anything else. Although so young and in very rough plumage both cocks showed much affection for their mates, and, an intense dislike for one another. About the middle of December one of the hens died suddenly and the post mortem revealed fatty degeneration of the liver—the result of a too liberal indulgence in hemp and sunflower. oth these seeds are bad for caged Gang-gangs, and are best omitted altogether from their dietary, : Sweety: 188 Some Experiences of Cockatoos. In January the old cock was found dead in a pond, having fallen a victim to a mysterious form of enteritis, of microbic origin, which has carried off two or three of my Roseate Cockatoo when at liberty. The hen, though obviously distressed at her loss, was not deterred from laying the following April and sitting for many weeks on her useless eggs, which, on account of the inaccessibility of the nest, we were unable to remove. In early summer I released the best of the two voung cocks, and for some days he would not leave the cage of the hen, with whom he had spent the winter. Then, unwisely imagining that her youth and the ragged condition of her wings would prevent her from straying far, I let her out as well, with the result that the pair flew off together, and, while the cock was recaptured some miles away, the hen was never heard of again. The returned vagrant I again released, while still hungry, in the presence of the old hen, who happened to be feeding on one of the trays at the time. She was extremely pleased to see him and greeted him most cordially, though, he, on his part, received her advances in a somewhat ill-tempered. fashion. However, he stayed with her, which was the main thing, and after a few weeks’ freedom had immensely improved in appearance and showed signs of being in breeding condition, bullying the Slender-bills, and even the Banksians, although the latter were about three times his size. The hen, however, did not nest again until the following May, when I felt confident that my hopes of young Gang-gangs would at length be realized. For a few weeks everything went well; no Owl, Squirrel, or Jackdaw dares to molest a sitting Cockatoo, whatever evil intentions it may harbour against a more defenceless Parrakeet. Suddenly, however, just about the time that the eggs were due to hatch, the old birds deserted, the cause becoming only too apparent, when a few days later I discovered that the hen was very ill and suffering from a wasting disease which had reduced her to a mere skeleton. I suspected tuberculosis and shut her up in a very warm room, giving her all the rich and stimulating foods she would eat. For a time she seemed to improve, then slowly grew worse and after about six weeks she died. Examination proved her quite free from infectious disease and showed that she had been suffering from Some Experiences of Cockatoos. 189 chronic peritonitis as the result of an old internal injury. Some time later I exchanged the second cock for a new hen, but had the misfortune to lose her from an accident within a few days of her arrival. So the first cock remains a lonely bachelor and is, I fear, likely to continue to lead a solitary existence, as Gang-gangs hecome more and more difficult to get. Our early failures with Roseates I have already referred to, but later experiments with this beautiful, though conmmon, bird were attended with a temporary degree of success. About fourteen years ago we were given a hen of this species, which had been captured in Covent Garden Market. At first she was very wild and savage, but much petting and attention from one of the servants, who happened to be fond of birds, eventually made her charmingly tame and docile with those she knew. In the summer time she was allowed her liberty with a cut wing in a grass quadrangle. which lies in the centre of the house, and on the few occasions when she grew sufficient flight feathers to enable her to use her wings, she was recovered without much difficulty. After we had had ker some years I decided to get hes a companion and not at the time knowing the sexual difference in the colour of the irides (red or hazel in the hen, nearly black in the cock) I unfortunately obtained a second female. The two birds were quite friendly towards each other, but not affectionate and the newcomer quickly became as tame as her companion, and would allow most people to handle her. During the winter the old hen died and when the survivor was turned into the quadrangle: the following spring I bought a cock to go with her. The new bird was shy and in rather rough plumage, but a few weeks in the open improved him wonderfully, and the colour of his breast deepened by at least two shades. “In the spring a fuller crimson”’ may not, as stated by the poet, “come upon the Robin’s breast,” but it certainly does upon the Cockatoo’s when you keep him at liberty, and although at one time a firm disbeliever in the theory of the repigmentation of birds’ plumage, I must confess that my observations on Roseates have rather shaken me in my earlier convictions on ‘this point. Towards the end of May the pair began “to show 190 Some Experiences of Cockatoos. great energy in digging holes in the turf. At first we thought ~ that they were only gratifying their natural love of mischief and filled the holes up, but after a time they grew so per- sistent that I decided to let them alone. In two or three weeks they made an excavation about ten inches deep, over part of which I placed a board to provide them with a certain amount of shelter. This assistance they aecepted in good part, and in due course the hen laid three eggs and began to sit. Her mate, like the cock Gang-gang, never attempted to feed her, hut he would relieve her on the nest, when she went off to get a meal, though he never ‘sat for very long at a time, and appeared glad to relinquish his charge on her return. One of the eggs got cracked and had to be removed (it was white and very small—hardly larger than a pigeon’s) but after ahout five weeks a haby Cockatoo made its appearance, to he followed two days later by a second. The nestlings were not pretty. in fact they were horrid little objects, very red in colour, blind, and wholly destitute of any kind of downy covering. For a time thev did well, but on going to look af them after a very wet night (the parents never resented the ‘inspection of their familv) T feund them very weak and cold with their beaks choked with wet clay. To make them more comfortable, T half-filled the hole with moss, and the plan answered ad- mirably, for from that time on they throve amazingly and never once “looked back.” Both old birds fed their babies assiduouslv the process. as the latter grew older, being ac- eompanied by a very loud and peculiar noise-—“‘ek, ek. ek, ek. ek ”—haw produced T could never quite determine. While being fed the young kept their beaks all the time in close contact with those of their parents, who never paused at frequent interval>, as most Parrakeets do, to regurgitate food from the crop to the mouth. The young Roseates left the nest when about ten weeks old, the cock emerging a few days before his sister. For some time previous they had quarrelled incessantly, apparently realizing that the unusual situation of their home made it possible for them to “ fall out” after the fashion of the little birds in the familiar riddle! Their plumage was not unlike that of their parents, though decidedly paler, and their breasts had a greyish tint. By this time the old birds had both moulted, and for a time the An April Morning in Northern India. 191 whole family flew happily about together, but as soon jag the weather turned cold the little ones began to look rough and unhappy, and the hen, weakened by a chill, sustained rather severe injuries by a fall off the roof, which occurred before she and her brother were caught up and caged. For a time the warmth of the house did them both good, the cock made a rapid recovery, soon becoming tame, and learning to speak afewwords. The hen, however, began to ‘have fits, and although we gave her medicine, fed her on the plainest diet, and kept her in a cool place, she grew worse, and finally died. (To be Continued). —— @ --- An April Morning in Northern India. By Dovueuas Dewar, I.C.S., F.Z.S. In April the days are very hot in Northern India; the maximum temperature in the shade often exceeds 111 degrees. At sunset the thermometer falls rapidly and the nights are comparatively cool, so that the human being who sleeps out of doors is able to enjoy refreshing sleep. He has nothing to fear from the dew, provided he sleeps within mosguito uets. I slept out of doors last night and awoke this morn- ing (April 26th) before dawn. ‘The sun rises about 6 a.m. At 5-15 the eastern sky began to brighten and the stars to go out one by one. As I ‘was watching the Great Bear, which is near the horizon in the early morning, fade away, some Koels (Hudynamis honorata) and Brain-fever Birds (MHiero- coecyx varius) began to shout. These birds had been calling at intervals throughout the night, but at dawn they began to cal! as only these birds can. They seemed to awaken the Crows, for in a few seconds some sleepy-sounding caws mingled with their loud screams. Then the cheery notes of the King- crow (Dicrurus ater) were added to the chorus. A few imin- utes later a flood of music from a pipal tree revealed the fact that a Magpie Robin (Copsychus saularis) had awakened. A few seconds later a pair of Punjab Red-vented Bulbuls (Mol- pastes intermedia) began singing to each other, crying “ Stick to it, stick to it.” By this time it had become sufficiently light to enable 192 An April Morning in Northern India. me to see what the birds were doing. Hitherto I had been able to hear them or see them very dimly. Several little Doves (Turtur cambayensis) were running about the lawn, picking up tiny objects. Two pairs have nests in the creeper growing over the bungalow. One nest Gontains two white eggs and the other two baby birds. A third pair of Doves were fussing about in the creeper, evidently selecting a site for a nest. The Sparrows now began to make much noise. There are in the house or in the verandah not less than three nests, one of which appears to contain eggs, while the others are in course of construction. Suddenly a hen Purple Sunbird (Arachnechthra asiatica) flitted past my bed, carrying some- thing in her beak. She flew to the creeper and then I noticed that she had a nearly completed nest hanging from the creeper in front of a small window. The upper part of the nest, including the porch, was complete, and the bird was adding finishing touches to the lower part in the shape of bits of straw, grass, and paper. While I was watching her fussily hopping about on her nest, there arose a great uproar on the lawn. ‘Turning’ round to see the cause of this I beheld seven Common Mynas (Aecridotheres tristis) squabbling. Two pairs were fighting like furies, grappling with beak and claw, and fluttering their wings so as to display the white bar. ‘The other three were looking on and shouting, and now and again trying to peck at the combatants. Suddenly the whole flock flew into some bushes. The next excitement was afforded by a pair of Rollers or Blue-jays, as they are commonly called (Coracias indica). These were throwing themselves about in the air like things demented, and uttering harsh cries. After pehaving thus for fully a couple of minutes, they settled on trees. These birds have a nest in an old mango tree in the compound. The sun had by this time nearly risen, so that I could see plainly the beautiful blues in their wings. For some minutes a pair of Hoopoes had been busy seeking food for their young. They had been alighting on the grass in front of the servants’ houses and probing the soft ground with their bills, extracting something and carrying it with undulating flight on to the roof of the bungalow. 1 determined to find the nest as soon as I rosé from my bed. But, as the sun had not yet lighted the topmost branches of the trees, I decided to linger a little longer. I was rewarded by witness- An April Morning in Northern India. 193 ing a cock Koel fly across the garden. He alighted in a pipal tree. Almost before he had settled a Grey-necked Crow (Corvus splendens) attacked him and made him fly off, crying “pip, pip.” The Crow pursued him to another tree, from which it drove him out, then to a third and a fourth, and eventually both birds flew out of my sight. The Koel is parasitic on the Crow, and during the breeding season in June and July such chases are of frequent occurrence, but they are some- what unusual at this season of the year. After listening a little longer to the chorus of the birds which was now aug- mented by the songs of the Sunbird an dthe Brown Rock-chat, and the ‘‘tonk, tonk, tonk,” of the Coppersmith I got up and went on to the roof to look for the nest of the Hoopoes (Upupa indica). The roof is a flat one and there is a flight of steps leading up to it, so the attaining thereto does not involve any gymnastic operations. On arriving on top both the parent Hoopoes were waiting for me; one had the bill empty, while the other was carrying something; the former swore at me, expanded his corona and bowed his head. “This is the at- titude assumed at all times of excitement, whether the bird is hissing at an enemy or showing off to its mate. As I approached the nest the parent birds flew off. The presence of the nest was betrayed by a lot of droppings on the roof below the hole. The roof is composed of three terraces. The highest is the roof of the lofty middle rooms, then there is a lower terrace which forms the roofs of the outer rooms, less lofty by four feet than the inner rooms; then again, at a lower level is a third terrace which is the roof of the verandah. In the walls of the middle rooms, quite near the roof are a number of small holes, made to let air into the house from the outside. The diameter of these holes is some 3ix inches. One of these had been partially blocked up with brick and over part of the outer orifice was stretched a metal grating. I pressed this grating and was greeted with hisses, betraying the presence of young birds. I then put on a pair of gloves (having had experience of the filth of a Hoopoe’s nest), removed the grating and peered into the hole. As soon as my eyes became accustomed to the light inside, I was able to distinguish several young birds. JI managed to pull out four. The fifth got into a chink between a_ brick and the upper part of the cavity and wedged itself in so 194 An April Morning in Northern India. tightly that Iwas unable to take it out without fear of hurt- ing it. The four youngsters I had pulled out formed a curious crew. One of them was almost ready to leave the nest, while one had scarcely a feather en him. The latter must have been hatched out fully a week after the former. Between these two in age came the cther two birds. The first plumage of the nestling is in all respects like that of the adult, and the young bird erects its crest when alarmed or angry just as the adult does. The beak is much shorter than that of the adult and not curved. It is very like that of a Woodpecker, being considerably stouter at the base than at the tip. The corona does not fold back when closed as neatly as it Coes in the case of the adult bird. Young Hoopoes, just before they leave the nest, look very like Woodpeckers, and, but for the very Hoopoe- like plumage, might easily pass for young Woodpeckers. No one looking at a Hoopoe nestling can fail to be struck by the resemblance. It would seem that Hoopoes are nearly re!a‘ed to Woodpeckers. Having inspected the young birds I put them back in the nest and replaced the grating. Before leaving the roof I went to the edge in order to look at one of the Dove’s nests, which was in a creeper growing over the wall. I was thus able to look down at the nest. A parent bird was sitting on it, brooding two young birds. J put it off by clapping my hands and it alighted on the ground. To my astonishment, immediately on reaching the ground it ran along dragging its left wing as though this was broken. I had never before seen a Dove act in this way. It ran thus for a couple of yards before it was lost to view behind a projecting verandah. I rushed Ccown the steps in order to obtain another view of it. It was still behaving as though its wing were broken; after running like this for a few yards it took to its wings. It is of interest that the bird continued to behave as though its wing were broken when it could not see me or I see it. This, I submit, tends to confirm the view I have put forward repeatedly, that the so-called simulation of injury is not an intelligent act, but an instinctive one, merely an expression of ihe fact that a bird is torn between conflicting emotions, that of a desire to stay with its young and of wishing to escape from acreature of which it is afraid. -— “yepAyM (peltey-surdoord) s wosxyoe sl ‘PILYOPOO “HT hg av] woig RXR RN SAAS ‘SHLON GUuIG Jackson's Whydah in Captivity. 19 Or Jackson’s Whydah in Captivity. (Depranoplectes jacksoni). By Wersuery T. Pages, F.Z.S., Ere. I am repeating the plate of this bird, as since 1911 we -have enrolled many new members, who probably do not possess the back volume. Our esteemed member, Mr. E. W. Harper, has sent me a small consignment of British East Afri- can species, among which were two true pairs of this species and several odd cocks—one of the pairs I have purchased for my own aviary, and though I have only had them under ob- servation about three weeks, I think it will be worth while, and of interest, to note their demeanour in a roomy garden- aviary. Bad Points.—I will name these first: 1, Rather destructive to aviary plant life: 2, Obstreporous and noisy demeanour. Of course it must be noted that this only covers the period af three weeks, but it confirms the opinion I had formed of the species from observation at the London Zoo. Good Points.—Not pugnacious to other birds; handsome ap- pearance; grotesque and intensely interesting demeanour. Wild Life.—This I shall not give in full, but must refer my readers to Vol. II. of Bird Notes, N.S., pages 300-2, and shall merely quote for comparison purposes from the “Tbis”’ such details as I wish to compare with aviary demeanour. “The males of this species form a playground in the long “grass on the plains. The playground made by each bird is circular, “about two feet in diameter; the grass is beaten quite flat inside “the ring, except one tuft in the very centre. A flock of these birds “playing has a curious effect, as they jump about three feet into the “air and drop again into the circle, each bird jumping from five to “ten times in a minute.’’—(Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, p. 246). “Like Penthetria laticauda, the cock birds make playgrounds “for themselves, on which they dance up and down on and off through- “out the day, but more vigorously in the early mornings and late evenings . . . . . From an ant-heap close by I watched ‘for a long time four cock birds within forty yards of me; and as “The sun was within half an hour of setting, and shining brightly — my back, I had a first-rate opportunity of noticing how they | EE their curious attitude . . . . The actual position ‘is as follows: The head is thrown tack like that of a proud “Turkey cock, the beak being held horizontally. The feet hang “ 196 Jackson's Whydah in Captivity. “downwards ; the tail is held straight up till it touches the ruff at the “base of the head and neck, the ends of the feathers falling in a “curve downwards, with the exception of the two tail-feathers, which “are held outward and downward. While actually rising in the “air the half-open wings are worked with a very quick shivering “motion, and the feet are also moved up and down very rapidly. The bird springs straight up in the air, sometimes a few inches, “and sometimes to a height of two feet, and then drops. The whole “ of the plumage is much puffed out during the performance. : “Only on one occasion was a female present on the playground.— ‘(Jackson, Ibis, 1899, p. 599).” In the aviary.—For the convenience of transit purposes the tails of the males, in colour, were cut short, only about one inch of the beautiful, sickle-shaped tails being left—that the end justified the means is evident from the result; all those shipped arrived alive and all are still living; but this tail mutilation only adds to the bird’s grotesqueness when playing. In the aviary these birds are not wild, and T have had the opportunity of watching their play from a distance of barely three feet and thus have an advantage over the field natural- ists quoted above, for I have observed the whole of the ground movements. The first reference must be to the ground: the place chosen was about four feet from the aviary-bath (the hath is 4ft. x 3ft.) and just on the border of the irregular patch of growing grass occupying the centre of the aviary and only about eighteen inches from the aviary front. Here were growing four tufts of coarse grass forming a square of about twelve to fifteen inches, one side of which abutted on the grass in centre of aviary, the other three sides being surrounded by bare earth, which had been recently turned over. The same day the bird was turned out it chose this spot, and has retained it since (a period of three weeks) and shows no inclination to make any change, in fact it guards it very jealously and drives off by furious rushes such birds as Grey-winged Ouzels and Malabar Mynahs, whene’er they trespass thereon. The four tufts of grass were about twelve inches high when it commenced operations; it speedily reduced them to ahont four and keeps them religously cropped to about that height. Its playground does not form a complete circle, for it has not, as yet, beaten down the grass, but has been content with the bare Jackson's Whydah in Captivity. 197 earth surrounding the three sides of the square formed by the tufts of grass: here it has made a beaten track, forming about two thirds of a cirle or a little more, the extreme measurement of which is two feet across. I should note here that I have noticed no scratching movement, for whereas it was loose, newly dug ground, the area used now resembles well trodden earth. The movement—performance would be the better word— commences with the throwing back of the head, jerking straight up the stumps of its tail, dropping its wings, and the puffing out of its plumage, then it commences to prance about, to and iro, backwards and forwards along its playground, uttering the while its noisy, chattering song, the notes (?) sounding as if split—this goes on for nearly a minute, then a bound is made into the air, usually about a foot high or a little less, on dropping to the ground it prances about again a little and a higher leap is taken, then another pranc- ing run round his playground, another leap, and yet another, the last leap usually being the highest, and varying from two to three feet; after which it flies away to a branch, to strut abou: there, and pulf out its plumage and shake about its larger feathers, with a slight rattling or rustling sound before settling down to a rest. In the early morning and evening, the performances are repeated with very short intervals, but are less frequent during the middle portion of the day. As regards the leaps in the air, these take the form of an inverted U, so—q and differ but little in this respect whatever the height leapt. I need not describe these further as I should only be repeating what I have quoted from the eclibtss Re the ground movement, é.e., as regards the dropping of the wings, this is very ponounced and is strikingly similar to that of the Peacock—the wings are dropped so that they all but touch the ground, the primaries being much more extended than the secondaries, and the former are shaken much less rapidly than the latter—the vibratory movement of the sec- ondaries being almost too rapid for the eye to follow. There is also another method of attitudinizing, which forms part of the ground performance: the bird makes a pause in its prancing and plants its feet firmly on the ground, 198 A Further Note on Sexing Rosellas. still keeping the proud Turkey-cock posture, its wings dropped and tail spread somewhat laterally and shakes its body about. It is a lateral shake, somewhat resembling the demeanour of a petulant child, though there is no petulance with the bird, but rather coquettish pride. This movement or attitude is always preceded and followed by the prancing-runs. The whole period the bird had been in the aviary, the performances have been gone through many times daily—the playground was commenced within an hour of the bird being put out of doors, though with those kept all together in an indoor flight no playground has been formed. I am in hopes of seeing a completed nest in the aviary, even if they do not get as far as eggs, for I have noticed the male beginning to bend over the stems of a clump. of tall grass. In a state of nature the nest is placed within a few inches of the ground, and the surrounding grass is bent down and woven into the nest, not only making it almost watertight, but also effectively screening it—and I am hoping to sec the completed nest in due course. Ee et A Further Note on Sexing Rosellas. By Dr. L. Loveti-Knays. Through the kindness and courtesy of our member, Mr. Shore Bailey, Iam enabled to handle the dead body of a known hen Rosella, and examine it more thoroughly than the living specimen. He points out that the green spot is not present, but that the barring of the wing (under surface) is. The green spot is, in this obvious hen bird, conspicuous by its absence, although a few of the red feathers on the nape are edged with green. it is satisfactory to get this point cleared up once and for all. On carefully examining the under surface of the wing I find the white entirely absent on the first and second primaries. On the third it is just discernable, and on the fourth distinct. It is largest on the fifth, and gradually gets smaller till the tenth, where it is still quite distinct and nearly semicircular in form. The barring is continued very faintly over the first three secondaries. ‘The position of the bar is almost the middle of the flight feathers. (to) (te) A Further Note on Sexing Rosellas. if Diagram of underside of wing, Awilliaries not shown. If one turns aside the blue axillaries we find a smaller whit? bar underneath them. This crosses the under wing- ecverts and begins exactly where the barring of the flight- feathers leaves off. It begins at the tenth under wing-covert very faintly, reaches its maximum at the twelvth, and ceases to exist at the fifteenth. It is so completely hidden by the blue axillary feathers as to be easily overlooked. We are sorry Mr. Shore Baily had the misfortune to lose his hen bird by accident, and thank him most cordially for sending it along in ordez that these points may be verified. All that remains is to get a cock bird with the green spet. I maintain I have seen one. If that be so the green spot must be relegated to the limbo of obscurity and as it is so misleading, the sooner the better. —_e-—— Birds of the Jhelum District. An Ornithological Diary From The Punjab. By H. WuistiEmrR, I.P., M.B.0.U. (Continued from page 136). April 1—In the early morning a female of the Great Himalayan Barbet (Mcgalacma marshallorum) was frequenting the tops of the higher trees in my compound—this must be a very rare straggler as low as this. Several Himalayan Black Bulbuls (Hypsipetes psar- cides) also in the compound. The majority had already left in March, and the remainder left during the first, week of April, the last date on which the species was noted being April 8th. April 2.—The first Yellow-throated Sparrow (Gymmnorhis flavicollis) of the season noted. This Sparrow is a very common summer visitor, arriving for the purpose of breeding: in 200 Birds of the Jhelum District. characteristics and note it is somewhat reminiscent of the House Sparrow, except that it is almost entirely arboreal. The eggs are similar to the heavily marked brown type of the more familiar bird ; the nest is built in holes, usually of trees. I have noticed this species feeding freely in company with the Purple Honeysucker (Arachnecthra asi- atica), at the white flowers of a coarse shrub which is common on bare stony ground. A nest with three eggs of the Bay-backed Shrike (Lanius vittatus), found in a thorn bush—the first of the season. A Blue-throat (Luscinia suecica) seen. April 3 —Went on the river, which had risen greatly; there were many Waders about, evidently birds passing through on migration. These included large numbers of Stints (probably both Tringa minuta and T. temmincki), and a fair num- ber of Redshanks and Greenshanks. I secured a couple of specimens, in the handsome breeding plumage, of the Green Sandpiper from a small flock. The presence of flocks of this species on the river sand banks is a sure proof that migration is in progress. Normally it is found singly in pools and marshes, and but rarely on the sand banks. Two Little Terns (Sterna minuta) were first noted this year. Seven Shovellers (including two drakes in full plumage) and a spring of Teal were also on migration. Hare, while occasional ones are flown at Kites. This in- dividual bird is figured on the accompanying plate. A fine old white male Paradise Flycatcher (Tchitrea paradist) noted in the garden for the fizst time this year ; ‘he specics is properly a spring and autumn passage mi- grant, an odd pair or two only remaining to nest in the Rak. In the Salt Range, however, it breeds freely in famous gardens of Chua Saidan Shah. There are at present a number of Tree Pipits (An- thus trivialis) and Rose-finches (Carpodacus erythrinus) about, passing through on migration. Many Swallows (Hirundo rustica) and Sand Martins (Colile riparia diluta) flying over the corn fields in the evening. A Teal, a White Stork (Ciconia alba) and a small party of Wood Sandpipers (Totanus glarcola) noted. April 10.—The first Golden Oriole (Oriolus kundoo) of the season. Spent the day on the river which was greatly swollen, though the recent floods had subsided, leaving, however, their mark in the shape of changes in the is!ands and sand- banks; all the nesting colonies of Terns and Pratincoles have been washed away, and most of the birds themselves seem to have departed temporarily in disgust. However, on a high-lying patch of sand mostly covered with stones, which had escaped the general inundation, I met with a pair of Great Stone Plovers (Hsacus recurvirostris) and made sure from the way they watched me that they had eggs. One bird had run off the patch of sand as I ap- proached it, but the number of stones and the state of the sand did not allow me to carry back her tracks. As the patch was not very large I started to search at random, and had covered most of the ground when I noticed near one side that there were many of the bird’s footprints on the sand between the stones. Remembering that the im- mediate neighbourhood of nests of this species is often rather trampled I looked carefully and soon saw the nest. Two eggs were lying in a shallow hollow seraped in the sand; they were placed slightly apart with their longer axes parallel, but they were pointing different ways. No material of any kind was placed in the nest hollow. The Ducks, Geese, and Ruddy Sheldrakes had prac- tically all gone—only two or three small parties of duck were seen, amounting in all to about twenty individuals ; these probably included Gadwall and Shovellers. Waders were also scarce—only three or four Common Birds of the Jhelum District. 203 Sandpipers, one Green Sandpiper, a Redshank or two, an occasional odd bird and a small party or two of Green- shanks, and two small flights of Stints. Two other parties birds in the number of Little Egrets (Herodias garzetta) which had arrived in their summer quarters, and with them were several Great White Egrets (Herodias alba) and Common Herons (Ardea cinerca) doubtless only passing through. With one party of Herons was a single Pelican Ibis or Painted Stork (Pseudotantalus leucocephalus), a flock of six Black Ibis (Inocotis papillosus) came circling down out of the sky to settle with a good deal of clamour on some gaunt thorn trees. On the way to the river in the morning the following interesting birds were noted: A King Vulture, two Black Vultures (Vultur monachus), a Sparrowhawk (adult female’, a pair of Lugger Falcons, and a number of White-capped Buntings (Hmberiza stewarti) which must have been on migration, as I have not seen them as low as this before. On a roadside tree a male Red-headed Merlin (Aesalon chicquera) was noted feeding on a small bird, and in- vestigation disclosed the fact that the female was sitting in a new but empty nest fairly high up in a neighbour- ing thorn tree. Both birds hung about most persistently so I had the nest examined again on the 24th April, when it contained four eggs. April 11.—The first Koel Cuckoo (Hudynamis honorata) of the season heard in the compound where it was calling “‘ Ko-el,” and “Who are you?’ ‘This common species is parasitic on the House Crow (Corvus splendens). Last year in one Orow’s nest I found three Koel’s eggs, and no Crows. In these parts the species is a summer visitor only; the majority leave in September, but a few stay over into the first week of October. There are at present a number of Willow Wrens a- bout on migration; the commonest is the Siberian Chiff- chaff (Phylloscopus tristis), but I have obtained the Large Crowned Willow Wren (P. occipitalis) and a third species which is probably referable to the Green Willow Wren (P. viridanus). April 12.—Two Storks were seen by the Rak, which can hardly have been anything but the White-necked Stork (Dissura epis- copus )—a rarity in these parts. A fine pair of Crested Honey Buzzards (Pernis cris- tatus) passed by my bungalow. Several Herons were noted sitting on the sandbanks by the river, and with them was a bird which was probably the Pelican-Ihis noted on the 10th April. April 13.—This month has seen the passing through of large numbers 204 Birds of the Jhelum District. of Wagtails on migration, representing, as far as I could tell, nearly all the species that occur in these parts, but, owing to a difficulty in obtaining specimens, I have been unable to identify satisfactorily all the races of Yellow Wagtail. April 14.—Black-throated Ouzel (Merula atrigularis) noted for the last time; it has been scarce all the month. An egg of the King Vulture (Otogyps calvus) obtained from the hilly ground at the foot of the Salt Range, about 12 miles from Jhelum; in this part trees are exceedingly scarce, and this nest, as also a second nest containing a newly hatched young bird, was built only about 15 feet from the ground on a gnarled old thorn tree. The nest, which was very large and appeared to be the accumula- tion of years, was lined with coarse hill grass. The Red-breasted Flycatcher (Siphia parva) continues common. April 15.—A large Dagle Owl in the compound appeared to be the Rock Horned Owl (Bubo bengalensis) and not the common Dusky Eagle Owl (B. coromandus). The former occurs in the Salt Range commonly enough, but the latter species is the common bird of the Rak. April 16.—A Crested Honey Buzzard (Pernis cristatus); a Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) heard calling on two occasions. April 17.—A Cuckoo heard calling. Left Jhelum on transfer to Hissar District (about 300 miles south of Jhelum) where I arrived on April 27th, after breaking my journey at several places. The only points worth mentioning for this period are as follows: All through the Southern Punjab (e.g. Kalka to Karual and Delhi) Rose-coloured Pastors (Pastor rosews) were very numerous on migration, a few being noted as far north as Gujranwala. Now in Jhelum none had appeared, nor did I sée any there on the spring migrations last year, although a small number passed through on the autumn migration in August and September. In Rawal Pindi dis- trict, too, Ihave only observed a few birds,so it seems probable that the main line of migration of the enormous numbers that occur further south must be somewhere more to the west of the Salt Range; anyhow they pass through Kohat in great numbers. This species is certainly irregular in its movements, but it would be of great interest to work out the exact passage route. At Jullundon I found Tree Pipits (Anthus trivialis) numerous on migration. At the same place two interesting nests were found. The first was that of the Indian Shikra (Astur badius); it was a light untidy structure of sticks placed on the end of a broken bough about thirty feet or so from the ground in a large Peepul tree and con- Birds of the Jhelum District. 205 tained three fresh eggs. The parent birds were rather pugnacious and chased passing Crows and Kites. On a huge Cotton-tree or Cymbal I noted a male Grey Hornbill (Lephocerus birostris) sitting on top of a large boss or excrescence of the trunk into which he was thrusting his beak; a litile observation showed that there was a small- hole in the top of the boss; this was the entrance to a nest and in it was the imprisoned female, which the cock was feeding. I had the nest examined and found that the original hole had had the entrance ‘plastered up, leaving an aperture just sufficient for the cock to feed the female through. The plaster was com- posed of very hard dry earth, in which were a certain number of hairs, and numbers of minute seeds of the lig type, and from this I presume that the earth is applied with saliva formed by the bird after feeding on the fruit of some form of Ficus trees; the seeds of some species of Ficus are used by natives in making bird-lime. Phe hen bird was taken out of the hole, but beyond being rather fat and having the tail feathers greatly bent there was nothing very. remarkable about her, as_ she had clearly not been in the hole long: there were no eggs, so I put the bird into an empty room to see if the excite- ment would make her lay; in a few hours she laid an egg but the shell was broken; it was apparently a long oval, dead white in colour, the shell being fairly fine in texture and slightly pitted. The bird was quiet and docile, but I was unable to keep her for various reasons, and so released her. She was still able to fly.. —-— Editorial Nesting Nores: Encouraging reports are coming in from many aviaries, of which we give brief notes as under :--- Rey. G. H. Raynor : Has young Mealy Rosella Parrakee‘s in the nest, four- teen days old and doing well. Mr. W. O. MontTcomery : Young. Olive Finches, 2; Californian Quail, 17. Incubating. Ribbon Finches and White-headed Manni- kins. Mr. Montgomery writes :—‘‘ A Bengalese hen has three “young in the nest under rather uncommon circumstances. “She first mated up with one of her own kind and then with “an odd cock Silverbill, Both the Silverbill and Bengalese 206 Editorial. “cocks assisted in the building of the nest, and also in the “duties of incubation. All sleep in the nest, so what the “young are I cannot say.” Dr. L. Loveii-Knays : With Eggs. Bearded Reedlings, nest built in a con- verted travelling cage. “Fully fifty per cent. of my birds are nesting, but I “have already had a number of clear eggs; the tendency to “nest is prodigious. The Gouldians instead of rearing their “young have gone into moult.—L.L-K.” Brown-backed Robins have built—no eggs vet. Being Fed. Rosella Parrakeets and Rosyv-faced Love- birds. Young. Bib, Zebra and Mexican Rosefinches on the wing. Mr Wiel PAG . Young. Zebra and Olive Finches, also an Hybrid Zebra Finch x Bengalese. The first broods of Grey- winged Ouzels and Red ‘Mountain Doves not fully reared. Red Mountain Doves being fed in nest. Incubating. Grey-winged Ouzels, Red Mountain Doves, Olive Finches, Zebra Finches, Grey Finches, Lesser and Mealy Redpolls. Building. Gold-fronted Fruitsuckers; Malabar My- nahs; Jackson’s Whydahs; Speke’s, Napoleon and other Weavers; also Gold-fronted Finches. Mri KR. Sucerrr Incubating. Lesser Grey-headed Guans (Ortalis vetu- la). Numerous Finches, Grassfinches, etc., are also nesting. Caprain J. S. RerEvE (Leadenham) : Young. Cuban Finches on wing, Lesser Redpolls five days old and doing well. Mr. J. SmitH (Kendal) : Young in Nest. Stanley and Many-colour Parrakeets. Our member, Mr. A. Ezra, has received a private consignment of Indian Sunbirds; also some Red-headed Bull- finches (Pyrrhula erythrocephala) which are new to aviculture. Further notes held over till next month owing to lack of space, British Bird Calendar. 907 British Bird Catendar. Brief notes on Migration Movements, rare visitants, uncommon nesting occurrences and general field notes for this calendar should reach the Hon. Editor not later than the 28th of each month. The co- Operation of ail is solicited. March: 11.—Herons been incubating about a week. e 22.—A Nest of Young Thrushes already flown. J. S. R., Deadenham, 18/5/14. April 10—Saw Chimney Swallow. a 12.—Heard Willow Warbler. > 13.—Heard Nightingale. re 14.—Heard Chiffchaff. is 15.—Heard Cuckoo; saw several Blackcaps in the New Forest. i 24.—Heard Grasshopper Warbler. J. W., Ashley, Hants., 4/514. April 7.—Saw Robins’ nest with three eggs. . 8.—Saw Long-tailed Tit’s nest containing eggs. * 9.—Cole Tits began building. " 10.—Blue Tits had commenced building. 8 11.—First Swallow seen by me. Magpie’s nest with five eggs Ps 13.—Chiffchaffs and Willow Wrens have arrived. lLinnets began building. r 15.—Bramblings and Sand Martins seen. se 17.—Saw a Redstart, also some Fieldfares. J. S. R., Leadenham, 18/5/14. May 5.— Nightjar heard. +5 6.—Saw two Swifts. . 12.—Heard the Turtle Dove. J. W. Ashley, Hants., 4/5/14. May 13.—A Bernicle Goose visited the water in the grounds and remained two days. J. S. R. Leadenham, 23/5/14. of Waders probably consisted of Ruffs and Reeves. —_o— Correspondence. IS THE CUCKOO LESS COMMON? Sir,—Is it that the Cuckoo is less frequently heard generally, or is it only my observation locally? Hvery year I hear it less and less ; if used to be singing all day long, and most of the night, and now there are many days I never hear it at all. It appears to me to arrive much later, too. Twice in my life I have heard it on April 6th, only twice, but one always looks for it soon after then; this year not until the 17th, and none too frequently since, I am sorry to say. Years 208 Correspondence. ago ‘ the Cuckoo’s Mate,” the Wryneck too, as early and as frequently, now never at all; and yet the place is no more built over than it was twenty years ago. The same applies to the Nightingale, which I used to hear around my home every spring, but less and less frequently, and now never at all, and yet the place is no more built over than it was twenty years ago. Is it that all these dear birds are scarcer in the land—destroyed in migration perhaps, for surely no one woulda shoot these things—or is it only my unfortunate local observation ?. (Mrs.) E. A. H. HARTLEY. Hastings, May 10th, 1914. SOME NOTES OF THE BIRDS OF THE BRITISH SOLOMON ISLANDS. Sir,—A short time ago, when writing to my brother in the Solo- man Islands, I asked him to tell me something about the native birds. His answer interested me very much, and I think it may interest other memberz of I.B.C., I am therefore giving a copy of his letter :— “As regards the birds of this Island (Ysabel); the most common of all is the pure white Cockatoo [most probably Ducorps’.—Ep.|. There are hundreds of them. There are a loti (a3 a a of other Cockatoos, green and yellow, red and green and yellow, ete., ‘and all combinations of these colours. The prettiest of them all on ¢ is a grey one, with a rose coloured breast, and green under the ‘the wings. The most curious of them is a small one, which when ‘full-sized is only about 24 inches long. You very often find them ‘right in the middle of a white-ant’s nest, I had one of them in a “box, which I was trying to keep, but it would not eat. They will “not live in captivity. All the others make very good pets and “wil' talk well.’ [The details are not sufficient to recognise species, the bright coloured ones are probably Lories, Lorikeets, or Helectus Parrots of which Eos cardinalis, Lorius chlorocereus, Trichoglossus mas- sena, Charmosyna margaritae, and Eclectus pectoralis are found in the Solomon Islands. The small species are evidently referable to Nasit- erna, of which finschi (4% inches), aolae (3.9 inches) and pusio (34 inches), are found in the Solomons.—ED.]. “One of the most curious birds is the ‘Megapode’ or Brush “Turkey. It buries its eggs deep in the sand, which acts as an in- “eubator. The young are hatched, fully fledged and can run tike a “greyhound, and fly as soon as they leave the eggs. They lay mostly “on the small coral atholls which lie off the coast.” “We also have the Teal-duck, of which I have had many a ‘good feed. The other asset to the larder is the pigeon. There are “two kinds; one lives in the Mangroves and does not go far in-land, “oth male and female are a light grey ; the other is the Bush-pigeon, “which is darker in colour and has a big red lump on his nose. “There is another Pigeon, which I almost forgot as he is so rare, “the ‘Bronze-wing’ we call him—he is only half the size of the Correspondence. 209 “other two; grey with bronze wing. Another very common bird “Js the ‘bina’ (local name), he is a sort of Hornbill, black and “white, with an enormous bill. I have a young one, which I am “going to keep as a pet. - At present he is about the size of a “bantam hen, and has not a sign of a feather on him, but a mouth “capacity like a coal shute. He eats about as much as two niggers “and one white man combined (7.e.)—2 and one-tenth niggers). He is “a provident sort of a bird, and when the nuts are ripe lays in a supply to last him through. My cook assures me that if I “hang up a bag near my bird’s box, he will fill it during the nut “season—this is an unauthenticated piece of natural history.” “On this island (Ysabel) we have a Grey Crow exactly like “the ‘Fen-crow’ (Hooded Crow), it seems quite like home to hear “them cawing; it is only found on this island.” “There are also Bronze-wing Plovers, Snipe and other long- “legged Snipe-like birds. We have a water-fowl just like the New “Zealand ‘Pokeha, that big blue bird of which you have one stuffed .’* “The bird that the natives like best is the ‘Delama,’ a “big Black Albatross; they use models of him on their canoes, and “also cut out figures of him in mother-of-pearl, with which they “inlay the prows of their canoes most beautifully.” ' “There are three kinds of Hawks: Sparrow and Eagle Hawks “similar to the English ones, and a Fish-Hawk which is the pretties “of them all. He is copper-coloured with a white breast, he also “catches snakes, etc., on shore and will dive into the water after “fish. I saw a big fight between one of them and a big snake. “He had his talons in the snake’s body and the snake seemed to have “hold of him. I did not see the end of the fight, unfortunately, as “ they both fell into the bush some way off ‘and we could not follow.” “There are very few small birds; one, however, like the “Water Wagtail in shape, and another rather like a black Starling, “and these are about the only ones you see. We have a Martin “just like the one at home, black with a copper-coloured throat. “With the exception of the Cockatoos all the birds have very dull “plumage.” I have no doubt that many of the birds my brother mentions are familiar to a good number of the members of the Club, but: I hope his notes may prove interesting to most. I have asked him to let me know how he gets on with the young Hornbill. R. HE. P. GORRINGE. -——_¢ The Club Dinner. This was held at the Holborn Restaurant on Thursday, May 21st. Though our numbers were not in any sense large, it proved a most interesting gathering to those present, among * The New Zealand Coot. 210 Club Dinner. whom were:—Major B. R. Horsbrugh, Mrs. E. A. Hartley, Mrs. Stoney; Misses Lucas, Knobel and Clare; Drs. N. S. Lucas and L. Lovell- Keays; and Messrs. C. Dell, H. Goodchild, W. T. Rogers, S. Williams, and W. T. Page. Major Horsbrugh presided and subsequently spoke on the conditions of the importation of birds, and urged the ne- cessity of some restriction being placed on the manner in which some of the common species were sent over and handled on arrival. Dr. L. Lovell-Keays moved the toast of the Foreign Bird Club, and also spoke on the need of careful tabulation of aviary episodes and our experiences in the keeping of birds, especially as regards the more difficult and rarer species; he also reviewed the question of boiled versus service water and his testimony was in favour of the latter. Mr. W. T. Page responded to the toast of the “ Club,” stating that the present standing of the club was due to the co-operation of Mr. S. Williams, our hard-working secretary and treasurer, and to the various committees, particularly to Mr. Rogers, who organised such functions as the present, and he feared the response was barely adequate to the labour in- volved; he, personally, believed that success would be even greater. if members took a greater personal interest in the club, its Magazine and various functions. Mr. Page also fully endorsed the Chairman’s remarks as to the need for the regulation of bird importation and dealing generally. He also expressed the opinion that the use of boiled water was only a temporary advantage at most, viz., for a short period immediately following importation. Dr. N. S. Lucas spoke on pathological studies in birds, urging upon those present to make their own Post Mortem examinations, and threw out some very helpful hints upon the matter. He also gave some of his impressions as a result of post mortem examinations of birds at the Zoo, particularly stating that nephritis in its acute or chronic form is very generally met with, but very rarely mentioned in press reports. Mr. S. Williams made a few interesting remarks about his Weavers and Whydahs in which groups he Specialises; and also spoke of the progress of the club, growth being con- tinuous, our numerical strength being over 420. The various points raised led to some discussion, in ta Club Dinner. — ost which Messrs. 8. Williams, W. T. Rogers, and W. T. Page took part, the general opinion being that climatic conditions, producing chill and its attendant evils, was the main cause of bird ailments, and the change of water a secondary matter. The evening was greatly enjoyed by all present. The proceedings were brought to a close by votes of thanks to Major Horsbrugh for presiding, and to Mr. Rogers for making the arrangements. W. T. ROGERS. [Ii we may be permitted a footnote, we may state the interest in the gathering is rather understated above, and, we think. the pro- ceedings might well be epitomised somewhat as follows :— Need to study “Cause and Effect.” The most practical aviculturists are those who have seen much of failure and disappointment. There are many who scarcely get beyond the A of the Avicul- tural Alphabet, because they fail to note “Cause and Iffect.” Those who learn the lessons which failure teaches, make failure the keystone to success and practical knowledge. We trust that next year, there will be a larger number present to share and inerease the pleasure and interest.—LKd.] —_ @¢—_ Post Mortem Reports. The conditions upon which these will be made by Mr. Ity. Gray, M.R.C.V.S, 23, Upper Phillimore Place, Kensington, W., are as follows: (1) The birds must be sent immediately after death. (2) They must be packed in a box. (5) The letter accompanying them must Nov be plaecd in the box along with the bird. (N.B.—Unless the above conditions are complied with the pack- ages wil’ be destroyed without examination). (4) The letter must detail as far as possible all particulars as to— (a) Date of death. (b) Length of illness. (d) Symptoms of illness. (d) Lodgment and feeding of birds, and (e) Especially as to whether egg food or inga sced has been given. (5) The work will be done gratuitously, and a report pub- lished in “ Bird Notes,” but under no circumstances what- i) —_ i) Post Mortem Reports. ever will a report be sent by post unless a fee of 2s. 6d. accompanies the letter and bird. Pressure of work com- pels Mr. Gray to make this an invariable rule, and it applies to all Members, whether they are personally ac- quainted with him or not. GoLDEN PHEASANT (Q). (Arrived without letter). Cause of death was no doubt from coccidiosis, as there were innumerable coccidia present in the caeca. ComMon Bunxtinag (QQ). (M. R. Tomlinson, Midlothian). Cause of death, cerebral apoplexy. Canary (Q). (Miss Muriel Maxwell Jackson, Harrogate). Cause of death, peritonitis, resulting from rupture of the oviduct. Firerincu (2). (Mrs. D. Longden, Swansea). Cause of death, pneumonia. The ovary was active. MonrezuMA Quain (QQ). (J. L. Grossmith, Bickley). The cause of death was bird-fever. The liver and spleen were crammed with yellowish nodules, resembling the tubercles of tuberculosis. The cock bird arriving a few days later, had similar lesions. Waxwine. (W. E. Teschemaker, Teignmouth). The bird was alive with maggots when it arrived. GouprincH. (Geo. S. Freeland, Tonbridge). Death was due fo pneumonia. PuRPLE SUGAR-BIRD (c'). (Peter Arnott, Alloa). Cause of death, pneumonia. YELLOW BupGericaR (Q). (F. W. Bull, Sutton). Death was due to sarcoma of kidney. BLACKCHEEK LovreBirp (Q). (Mrs. E. Travers, Stourbridge ). Cause of death, pneumonia. Corpon Burnu (o'). (G. E. Haggie, Oxtord). Cause of death, pneumonia. Answercd by Post:—Capt. Reeve, A. Ezra, Lady Kathleen Pilkington, Geo. Scott Freeland. H. GRAY, M.R.C.VS. —— e¢—— Errata. Page 145, line 21, for “anteria” read anterior. 1 2 Page 145, line 21, for “ proteria’”’ read proterior. 7 Page 167, line 7, from “only being seen” delete only. ‘SALON GUIG All Rights Reserved. Juny, 1914. BIRD NOTES: —— THE —— JOURNAL OF THE FOREIGN BIRD CLUB The Rufous-bellied Niltava (Niltava sundava) Hodgs By Hucu Wutstter, I.P., M.B.0O.U. -This beautiful species has lately been mentioned on two or three occasions in our magazine, so members may care for a short note on the species in its wild state. Niltdva sundava is common in the Murree Hills, N.W. Himalayas, at the altitude of about 7,000 feet (but how much higher or lower I do not know) and is met with in heavy jungle, where it frequents the undergrowth. It usually perches only a foot or two above the ground and is inclined to be shy. In the jungle the bright tints do not catch one’s eye, the cock merely appearing as a dark bird with rufous underparts. I have only met the bird during the breeding season, and have usually had my attention drawn to it by the anxious long-drawn squeak which is uttered at intervals when one is in the neighbourhood of the nest. The cock is then seen sitting still on a branch near by, anxiously regarding the intruder; when the nest appears in danger a harsh and grating alarm note is uttered and the tail occasionally “ flirted” and spread. While one is actually engaged in examining the nest both birds come very close and are then very bold. { have taken only two nests: the first was on the 30th (May, 1911, when I took four slightly incubated eggs from a hollow portion of the trunk of a small tree. The nest was a cup of moss lined with black roots and was placed only a few inches above the ground: the hollow in which the nest was placed was screened by a tangle of bushes growing over a small stream bed, at the extreme edge of which stood the tree. ae The second nest was found a few days later on the 3rd June: it contained four slightly incubated eggs. “The nest was a cup composed of moss and the like, lined with the 214 The Rufous-bellied Niltava). black stems and roots of maidenhair fern: it was built in a hollow on the face of a bank overgrown by maidenhair, and the bank was itself sheltered by thick overhanging boughs. It is worthy of note that this type of moss and fern- stem nest seems fairly constant, as it has been described by many observers. The measurements of seven of the above eggs yield the following results: Length 20.9—21.6 mm.; breadth 16.1 —16.6 m.m.; average measurement 21.2 x 16.3 mm. The egg is rather reminiscent of that of the English Robin. It is pale reddish buff, very faintly freckled, and mottled throughout with a sort of dingy pink which is most apparent towards the large end. Some newly-fledged young birds seen in company with their parents were speckled in plumage and very similar in appearance (at a short distance) to young Robins. These .Niltavas do not appear to be migratory; for although I have collected for two winters at the base of the hills I have not met with a single specimen, in places where many stragglers from the mountains are to be met from December to March. = My Weavers and Whydahs, By Srpnry WILLIAMs, F.Z.S. (Continued from page 148). Another thing which may also help the colour to be- come richer is a plentiful supply of greenfood: lettuce, chick- weed, dandelion and groundsel I give freely; also any kind of flowering grass. It is quite astonishing how much these birds can eat. My staple food consists of canary, white and Indian millet seeds, and whole groats. I also give them about a handful of the following mixture: hemp, niger, linseed, and teasel, which does not average much per bird, when there are forty birds in the aviary. Some are very keen on breeding birds which have never reproduced their kind, in captivity, in England hefore My Weavers and Whydahs. 215 —a large field is open to them with the Weaver-group’. Judging by the accounts of the past few seasons, they do not appear to be so difficult to breed. The following species have been bred in this country: Black-faced Weaver (Hyphantornis velatus) Black-headed Weaver (H. melanocephalus). Rufous-necked Weaver (H. cucullatus). Grenadier Weaver (Huplectes oryx). Napoleon Weaver (Pyromelana afra). Orange Weaver (P. franciscana). Red-billed Weaver (Quelea quelea). I am indebted to our Editor’s Book ‘“‘ Species which have Reared Young,” for the above records. I mentioned in the May issue that when in colour the cock Weavers seem to spend most of their time weaving their wonderful nests. When they are in earnest and mean breed- ing. the structure is much better finished off and of a more substantial character. The hen appears to do very little until the nest is built and then she lines it with any soft material that happens to be at hand: paper which she tears in pieces, feathers and none too particular where they come from either! also moss out of the ordinary penny bags of nest material which you buy at the shops. Last year I had a mixture of good and bad luck: fortunate in having hatched out four Rufous-necked Weavers and five hybrid Senegal x Rufous-necked Weavers, and un- fortunate in that none lived more than fifteen days. Some were nearly fledged and others only five days old when they were found lying under the nests on the ground. Two or three bore marks of violence, but the others showed no marks of external injury. This was a great disappointment, as I had my eye on a medal for the hybrids. Incubation lasted fourteen days, the eggs were hedge-accentor-blue and about two thirds the size of a blackbird’s. The hen only fed the young as far as I know. Both the Rufous-necked hen and the Senegal would leave their nests as soon as I entered the aviary in the morning, and again in the evening, waiting on the perch until I got the mealworm tin. Then in turn I threw them mealworms, which they caught and took to their family in the nest, This shows how tame my birds are, It is there- 216 Rearing of Hybrid Greenfinch < Sikhim Siskin. fore all the more astonishing that being so tame they did not look better after their young. Later in the year (September) when I was away on my holiday, two Short-winged Weavers (Hyphantornis brachy- pterus) were successfully reared, but until I caught my birds up at the end of October I never noticed them. It is there- fore impossible to give any nesting details concerning them. Now (June 7th) they are just showing a little change, and one looks like developing a mask. I find some of the young birds take quite two years before they come into full colour. During the autumn of 1912 I purchased two Weavers about the size of the Black-headed, but of a greyish-green colour all over, and, the eye, unlike that of the Black-headed which is red, was quite light. After having them for nearly two years one is coming into colour and promises to be H. melanocephalus. The eye is changing colour also, but I will refer back to this later on. To be continued. — -@— Rearing of Hybrid Greenfinch (Ligurinus chloris) x Sikhim Siskin (Cihrysomitris tibetana). By Wm. SHoRE BAILY. Early in May I noticed my hen Sikhim Siskin (Chryso- mitris tibetana) carrying nesting material. As I was unable to find a mate of her own species, I turned in with her a cock English Greenfinch. Owing probably to the persecutions of some large Weavers (Hyphantornis alyssinicus and H. cucullatus) she elected to use a coco-nut husk for a breeding site. She lined this with a few feathers, and deposited therein three eggs of a pale _ blue colour, with a few black’ spots, principally at the larger end. These she incubated fourteen days. Three young were hatched, and these left the nest after eighteen days. Two fell victims to the Weavers, but the other is now a strong bird and capable of looking after itself. In colour it is grey, with streaky markings on the breast, as in our young Robin. The wings and tail alone show traces of its parent- age, the basal parts of both flight and tail feathers being a ee a EE eS a EES oe BIRD NOTES. Photo, W. Shore Baily. Nest and Eggs of Greenfinch x Himalayan Siskin. > Dy ~~ ror yee hart ot Lt ple ate ih = ed ee a se at od ll nas ni ¥ Tr == oo Mg re rr eps ae ‘xog-1seN ofueg ot, ‘hywg aLoys * A, ‘0j0Yg “SULON Culq The Breeding of the Alexandrine Parrakeet. oa lg yellow; this is particularly noticeable when the bird is flying. The father I have never seen feeding the young either in the nest, or since they have left it, although I used sometimes to see him in its vicinity. On several occasions I saw a pair of Cuba Finches feeding them whilst in the nest. These little Finches also slept with them for the last week they spent in the nest and will, I think, now utilise it for bringing up a brood of their own little ones. The young birds were raised entirely on seed, hemp being taken in preference. If the surviving young one meets with no casualty, and lives to change into adult plumage, a full description shall be sent later. + The Breeding of the Alexandrine Parrakeets. (Palaeornts alexandrt). By Wm. SHorE BAILy. I am sending a few notes on the nesting of my Alex- andrines. It is too well known a species to call for any lengthy description and I shall merely give the details of the nesting episode. One of my Banjo nesting-boxes was chosen, which are more practical than handsome, but the main thing is the birds approve of them. As will be seen, the entrance is by a square sloping tube, leading to the nest chamber, which has a concave bottom and a hinged lid (top) for the purposes of examination, etc. In the photo the hen bird is seen at the entrance of the nest, with one of her progeny on the top of it. The hen incubated for twenty-four days, and the young were in the nest just two months. There was a great stir in the aviary when the first young one left the nest; I found it clinging to the wire- netting, with the father on one side shouting: ‘‘ Hullo Polly,” and the mother on the other whispering ‘‘ Pretty dear ’-— “Pretty dear.” A most amusing episode, especially as the hen had been in the aviary over a year, during which time she had never been heard to utter a word. 218 Breeding of the Mealy Rosella. The young were raised on a seed mixture of: Canary, millet, hemp and oats; bread and milk once a day, and lettuce occasionally. The young (three) Alexandrines are much less wild than Rosellas at the same age, and are very attractive birds. In plumage they are similar to the hen bird, but, I think, I can see traces of the lark collar as in the male bird. eS Breeding of the Mealy Rosella. By THE Rey. G. H. Raynor, M.A. I am the fortunate possessor of an exceptionally fine pair of Platycercus pallidiceps, which I consider one of the most beautiful and charming of Australian Broad-tails. They have now been nearly two years in my possession, and have always lived out of doors. For the last fifteen months they have occupied, together with Budgerigars, my spacious Parra- keet Aviary, which faces 8. and W., and has a large cosy shelter. Here, in a largish-sized barrel, the hen last year laid three clutches of three eggs each. but only hatched one young one. This died in about a week’s time. when the feathers were just showing blue (see “B.N.” 1913, p. 315). On two occasions the hen was very ill, suffering apparently from egg-binding, and it was only by taking her indoors and nurs- ing her assiduously before the kitchen fire that I was able to save her life. This year she has not ailed at all, and is in splendid condition. I don’t quite know when she went to nest, but it must have been some three weeks before ‘May 8th, when she hatched. I didn’t dare to look into her barrel till the 22nd, when I found it to contain two barren eggs and a strong youngster. For the next three weeks the mother kept a great deal to the barrel, being fed by her husband, although she was off more frequently towards the end of the period. Matters culminated on the 11th of June, when I found the youngster on the floor of the shelter, but how he rot there I don’t quite know. On the same day he, or she, was out in the shelter, and had climbed up some dead branches three or four feet from the ground. His feathers, though Breeding of the Mealy Rosella. 919 covered with soft down, seemed to be fully grown, bunt he has only within the last few days indulged in a flight from branch to branch. He generally sits on the top of the dead trunk (in the centre of the flight) which is nearly 6ft. high, and calls repeatedly in a soft whistle for his parents who feed him from time to time with disgorged food. He is about three-quarters the size of the full-grown birds, and has similar but rather duller plumage, possessing, in addition some striated reddish-orange markings on the head. ‘He amuses himself by biting bark from the dead trees and tried his beak upon some cuttlefish to-day. His mother is now in her barrel, being apparently about to lay once more. Her husband is a very charming bird and is always ready to par- take of the various sorts of green fvod which I offer him.— (Hazeleigh, June 19th, 1914). Some Experiences of Cockatoos, By THE MARQuIs oF TAVISTOCK. (Continued from page 191). Meanwhile the old pair were staying well, often flying two or three miles or more from ‘home, but always returning regularly to feed. All was satisfactory until the middle of February, when to my great surprise and regret, the hen was one day brought to me dead, the post mortem showing that a soft-shelled egg had brought about her untimely end. The cock seemed much upset by his loss, and in order to console him and prevent him from straying in search of his departed wife, I got him another mate. The latter was, however, not in good enough plumage to turn out altogether, and he was only able to see her on fine days—an arrangement which an- noyed him considerably and proved in the end the unforeseen cause of his death. One day in March he failed to make his customary appearance on the feeding tray in the early morn- ing, and many weeks later the discovery of his shrivelled corpse in a disused chimney-stack showed that the poor bird’s persistent efforts to join his new mate, in the interior of the house, had brought on him a miserable end by slow starva- tion, 220 Some Haperiences ef Cockatoos. The following summer I bought four more Roseates, and together with young “Cocky,” they were turned with clipped wings into the quadrangle. Two of them, both old birds and wild, flew away as soon as their wings had grown, one ultimately taking up her abode at a farm in another part of the county where she lived at liberty for nearly a year. A third, a young cock, stayed well until the mysterious form of enteritis, which proved fatal to the old Gang-gang, carried him off in late October and, not long afterwards the fourth imported bird which had paired with ‘‘ Cocky ” and was staying well met with the same fate. To replace her I obtained another hen, which, although coming from the somewhat doubt- ful company generally afforded by the members of a travel- ling circus, proved a charming bird, absolutely gentle, and, until educated by her companions, nearly or quite ignorant of the art of screaming. She took to “Cocky” at once, but as she fell ill when the weather became bad, I shut them both up for the winter. Some time later I obtained two new cock Roseates; one was a timid, ragged-looking bird whose plumage never seemed to improve and whom I held in small esteem, and the other a very aged specimen which did not appear in the best of health. The latter spent most of his time asleep, and, if he had not had a number of curious red feathers in his wings, I think I should have adopted the more pru- dent course of putting an end to his career. He was tame and liked having his head scratched, but if allowed to step on to one’s wrist, as he was rather anxious to do, he would at once start biting savagely without the slightest provocation. Though full-winged, he was quite unable to fly. When spring came round ‘“ Cocky” was again released and I shall never forget his joy and excitement at being once more able to use his wings and enjoy the luxury of a rain bath. The same day I let out a hen which had arrived a few weeks before—a tame bird with a broken tail—which was by way of having come from an outdoor aviary, and was therefore better able to stand the cold than the circus hen which I did not care to risk out of doors until the wea- ther grew a little more settled. ‘‘Cocky’’ welcomed her at first—he always accorded an effusive greeting to every new~- Some Experiences of Cockatoos. 221 comer of either séx—but later in the day she managed to lose him, and being chased by Rooks grew frightened and flew out into the park. “Cocky” was far too busy enjoying himself in a storm of rain to trouble to go and look for her, and, as every flight she took carried her further from home, it began to look as though we might end by losing her altogether. In this emergency I decided, in spite of the coldness of the day and the ragged condition of his plumage, that the only thing to be done was to use the rough cock as a decoy for the recapture of the wanderer. He responded nobly to the occasion, and by his incessant yells ultimately induced her to leave her perch in a lofty beech tree and enter an empty cage beside his own, when she was carried home in triumph. A few days later I gave the ragged bird his liberty, and for some weeks the worn condition of his flight feathers prevented him from going any distance. ‘‘ Cocky” was just as pleased to see him as he had been to see the hen, and in a very short time the two were preening each other’s feathers in the most affectionate manner, although ‘ Cocky ” was seldom able to resist the temptation to give an occasional sly nip, whatever the sex of the friend which was caressing him. ~\4 5 Woy > ze ,Yn AS BRO Wy RY SRY s WS NS Lee ss . * a LY EN SN MISES. NWS) SR a DANN N NNN 7 VN Wah NAS BD EEE > RY SNS N\A VA \X Ags SORA eet VRASeO a \¥ >\VA\ & AY PARA M < “~~ ~ = SS SS = ~~ ~~ n > SS LY QgQ3 > =) ~ = PS aa) | VY nm + 2D) o M —< ~ x a ~ = eo) A Loe | a S o od i 7h i i — — q — o 2° o& e) ~ R we _— —_ a = = = CS r oH 4 INAS i > a a, Be: ‘ La YN Sa Spy SS ie . VA NN NaN NN Se'\ S\Vap 4S yy NS \ @Sa VY NNN NN WAN NY¥YYSN SYS SN All rights reserved. NovremMBer, 1914. BIRD NOTES: = i JOURNAL OF THE FOREIGN BIRD CLUB The Breeding of All-Green Parrakeets (Brofo- gerys tirica) and Cactus Conures (Conurus cactorum). BYOURe is Woy Konavs. bZ7.s). As far as I am aware this beautiful, if somewhat homo- geneously coloured Farrakeet, has not previously been bred in captivity in Great Britain, and I am therefore giving a short account of the event. My experience is that Parrakeets are easy to breed, and do not appear to mind overcrowding, or the presence of near relatives nearly as much as is popularly supposed. But Parrakeets are all spiteful, most of them wickedly so, and yet people will tell vou they have kept a pair of Rosellas with Finches and other small birds. But the more you deal with Parrakeets the less you learn to trust them. I have even happened on a spitefully inclined Cockatiel, the Parrakeet that most peovle weuld dub harmless and inoffensive. If I may be forgiven for digressing I may say that in a very mixed series I have found Black-cheeked Lovebirds absolutely harmless and_ in- offensive. All the same I would not trust a strange Black- cheek any more than I would any other Parrakeet. If one can get a large-sized Parrakeet that won’t stand being bullied, and yet is not a bad bully itself, it is a good plan to have one in a mixed series to act as a policeman. In a Weavers’ aviary I have all sorts of bullies yet the number of disasters has been very small. But we are forgetting our All-Green Parrakeets. I bought this pair from Mr. Jamrach this spring and picked them out myself. Out of about eight or nine I only saw one certain hen, and unfortunately her wings were clipped. However, I turned them out into my new Parrakeet aviary with a good shelter and fair flight. They soon set- tled down and in about a fortnight’s time made full use of a nesting barrel in the most out of the way corner of the inner 348 All Green Parrakeets and Cactus Conures. flight, absolutely inaecessible, so that exact details were quite an impossibility. By careful observation I am enabled to fix the date of nesting on or near the 1st of June. There were four eggs, which all proved to be fertile; the colour was white, and in shape something between an oval and a round, and in size about that of a Thrush’s, only rounder. The period of incubation is about 26 days, but the hen hardly ever left the nest, the cock bird ministering to her wants, so much so that I feared she must have died. It was not until well into July that the hen was seen at all often and then only for brief intervals. The young when first hatched are the usual naked grotesque lumps of ugliness, with an enormous hooked gape and I strongly suspect that the reason fhe hen never comes off is that she daren’t, lest she should catch a glimpse of them on her return. Parrakeets develop very slowly and it is usually six weeks before they leave the nest. But when one considers their Hawk-like appearance and the spitefulness of other Parrakeets one can see how necessary it is they should be fully equipped for the battle of life. The birds appear to open their eyes at about the 14th day, but as the hen incubates as soon as the first egg is laid, these and other points are difficult to dogmatise on. The nestling plumage is pure green and there is no down such as one gets in Egrets or Owlets. No attempt is made at sanitary cleanliness, but the habitation does not seem to suffer in consequence. Most Parrakeets seem to prefer a roomy barrel and this may be the reason. From August Ist to 13th, I never saw nor heard anything ot my All-Greens, and I feared for the worst. Possibly the war so occupied my attention as to cause me to forget them, but on August 14th one young All-Green left the nest. It was the image of its parents, but with a dark brown beak instead of being light coloured. The general shape of the young is rounder and less trim. and of course the feet and legs pinker in colour. The tail is short and almost square, like that of a Tovi, but in six weeks’ time all differences disappear, and it is impossible to: iell the young from the old, except that the old are more noisy. A second young bird appeared on the 15th, a third on the 17th, and a fourth on the 19th. All four lived, and are doing well. At first they slept out in a bare oak sapling, All Green Parrakeets and Cactus Conures. 349 but soon learnt to seek cover when cold or too hot. The parent birds made a tremendous clatter when the first young bird left the nest, and it was the clatter that led to its detection. These notes are quite a brief description of the AIl- Green Parrakeets, and I do not feel a full description of the Cactus Conures is called for, as so much that is said of the All-Greens applies perfectly well to the Cactus Conures. I purchased the Cactus Conures from our late member Mr. Smith, of Redruth, and I may incidentally remark that I have never had a business transaction with anybody more agreeable than this one. The Cactus Conure is a handsome bird, a beautiful yellowish green above with head and upper portion of breast and neck a purplish brown and a dull yellow abdomen. I purchased them in April, and by May 31st. I found they were incubating. On June 30th I heard active young in the barrel and on August 7-10 three young left the nest. The young closely resembled their parents, but appeared considerably smaller. The difference in size, I think, was more apparent than real. As regards plumage the young resemble in every respect the parents except that they are decidedly lighter in colour as regards the brown and yellowish parts. They, too, are less noisy than their parents. The hen bird is nesting again, and if I mistake not has already hatched out. The moral of this short description is as follows: In avicultural matters luck is practically speaking the real element of success. Fortune in aviculture is not to be won by wooing. In fact, very often success comes when we least expect it and certainly least deserve it, whereas if we are over careful we fail just when we feel that success is ours. For instance, with Bearded Reedlings—but that is another story-I have promisea our Hon. Editor to write another tragedy some day. But don’t run away with the idea that if you neglect your birds they will succeed. My birds have everything that thought and experience can provide but they have to rub shoulders with all kinds whether they be patrician or plebeian. One more word, and it is this: If your breeding successes have not been great, get some conscientious person who takes no interest in birds to feed your birds and go away for a month yourself, in the breeding season of course, then drop a line to the Editor of ‘“ B.N.” 350 Parrot-Finches. Parrot-Finches (FErythrura). By Wustny TI. PAcu, F-Z.S., Evc. (Continued from page 317). Of the species figured on cur plate, in October issue, four are known to aviculture, all of which, except the Pin- tailed, have been bred in captivity. and which I hope in this and ensuing issues we shall be able to deal with comprehensively. Tok Common Parrot-Fincu (EH. psittacea). Though this charming species has been known to aviculture for a long period, it has always been uncommon and has conse- quently commanded a high figure. The late Herr August F. Weiner was the first to breel this species, in what we may eall the early days of aviculutre in this country and for many years his suceess stood alone; then some sixteen years ago the species was obtained by other aviculturists and successes followed each other more rapidly, and several aviculturists have bred it quite freely. Dr. M. Amsler gives his experiences with several species in this issue and we hope to give others later. The following quotations are from back volumes o7 ~ BLN.” or letters to the Kditor-: Mr. W. R. Temple, writing of his aviaries states: “A large aviary 36 feet x 24 feet x 12 feet, contains 7 pairs Common Parrot Finches, 2 pairs Ruficaudas, 2 pairs Orange- “breasted Waxbills, 2 pairs Pin-tail Parrvot-Finches, and three odd “birds. The result therefrom being 14 young Parrot Finches, fuliy ‘reared during 1910.” In “B.N.,” March, 1912, page 64, I quote Mr. Temple as follows : “IT started this season with 16 adult Parrot-Finehes. One “pair of certain breeders had an aviary to themselves, but at the end “of May I found the hen dead on the nest from a soft egg, she had “been sitting on five eggs for twelve days, each egg contained a young “bird. The other fourteen were in my largest aviary. Three couples “were busily incubating clutches, when they all became ill with some ‘form of liver complaint, and between June 20 and July 7, eleven of ‘them died—very disappointing, as nearly every egg of the ahove clutches contained a young bird. This disease did not in any way affect the “remainder or any of the other birds in the aviary—VPin-tailed Parrot- “ Finches, Green Avadavats, Firefinches, Gold-breasted Waxhbil!s, Cordon “ Bleus, ete.” These notes refer to 1909. Parrot-Finches. 351 1911 wasa bad season with Mr. Temple, only 7? young of this species being fully reared. In 1909 our member, the late Mrs. Helen Bromet, had eood success with this species, nine young being fully reared from one pair. Our member, Mr. G. E. Rattigan has had fair success with this species, and his full notes may be read in B.N., February, 1913, page 45. “One clutch of eggs took nineteen days to hatch out. The voung ‘were distinctly marked with red some days before they left the nest. “The young were reared on greenfood and seeding grass, together with “. few mealworms, though a certain amount of millet seed appeared to “forn, part of their bill of fare.” The nest site preferred appears to be a low one, unless the interference of other occupants of the aviary is too pronounced, when a highly placed and secluded box will be ehesen. When placed in a bush, the site is almost invariably a low one, and the nest is a domed structure of grass and hay of the usual Grassfinch-type. The average incubation period is thirteen days, though in onc instance, in Mr. Rattigan’s aviary, nineteen days were taken to hatch out the eggs. As to the means to take to secure the best results,. Opinion varies considerably, but good results have been obiained under all the undermentioned conditions. A separate aviary given up to this species. An aviary given up to this species with the addition of a single pair of some largish species. As forming part of a mixed crowd of Grassfinches. One or two pairs forming part of a mixed crowd of hard and solt-bills. Of course in the above it is premised that overcrowd- ing is not indulged in to any serious extent. As to artificial nesting sites, a box appears to have been used in the majority of instances, but rush nests, husks, old straw hats (nailed against the wall by the brim and a hole cut in the crown), straw sheaths from bottles, etc., have have all been favoured. Dist: The following are the “bills of fare” provided by some who have been successful in breeding this species: {. Hasily reared on Canary seed and millet, with liberal sup- plies of seeding and flowering grass, and chickweed, 352 Parrot-Finches. 2. Millet and Canary seed is the staple food, very fond of insects, and greenfood (seeding grass and chickweed) in summer. 3. Canary and White Millet seed, millet sprays, greenfood, and eight mealworms per pair daily. When feeding young, insectile mixture is supplied and the number of mealworms increased to fourteen per pair daily. 4. The parents had access to milk-sop, insectile mixture, green- food, mealworms, Canary, millet, and other seeds, also millet sprays— the birds practically partook of all. Nestiing Prumagn: This is apparently rather vari- able, as is evidenced by the following descriptions of various aviculturists. 1. Dull green above; throat, breast, and belly dingy vellow- brown , beak yellowish ; no scarlet visible for the first few weeks. 2. Dingy green; throat and breast dingy yellowish-brown ; upper tail coverts and vent dull red. 3. Comparison of two nests by Mr. W. R. Temple in 1908. First nest. three young hatched June 14th, left nest July 5—one young all green, the other two almost as bright as their parents. Second nest : Five young hatched June 25, left nest July 15—were all green. REMARKS RE YounG: Very soon independent of their parents. ‘ Very precocious—Mr. W. R. Temple writes of four young which went to nest when little more than three months old; each couple laid a clutch of eggs, but made no attempt to incubate; some of the eggs were fertile, as two were given to a Gouldian Finch, and both hatched out. Those young without red on the head, throat, etc., when they leave the nest, usually begin to show same in about six weeks, sooner in some Cases. Sex Distinctions: Both male and female are very similar and it needs a very keen eye to pick them out. In individual pairs, the male is usually more masculine in de- meanour and appearance; also his colours are usually more intense and the scarlet areas a little larger than those of his mate. However, with the variability common to all species, the above distinctions are not of much value when trying to pick out a pair from a crowd. The beak of the female is a trifle more wedge-shaped than that of the male, but it needs a keen eye to detect the difference. Mr. W. R. Temple adopts, what appears to the writer, a most excellent method, but this really applies to the private Parrot-Finches. 353 aviary rather than to the aifficult problem of picking out a pair at a dealer's shop, etc., it was as follows: A trap box was fixed up in the aviary, which had a sliding door released by a string from a distance; in this were placed the seed pans, and if two agree and eat quietly from the same dish they are a pair, the sliding door is released and they are secured and put up for breeding or disposal—if not a pair, one at once chases the other out. GENERAL Norgs: This species is a general favourite with all aviculturists, and deservedly so, for its beauty is undeniable, yet the writer confesses he has not kept it, mainly for this reason, they are costly and, when spending pounds on a single pair of birds, his choice has invariably fallen on soft- bills. The Common Parrot-Finch appears to be fairly hardy once the prostration following importation has been overcome, but if must be noted that they do not stand damp or wet well, neither do they stand change of locality well—for in many in- stances which have come to my notice, established birds which have reared young, and young which have been reared in captivity, have been despatched to other aviaries, and though carefully packed, and not en route more than twelve hours, carefully treated on arrival, yet have enjoyed a very brief life indeed in their new quarters. I deduce that aviaries built on clay, or any damp, wet, retentive soil are not suitable win- ter quarters for this species. Again that all aviaries which house this species, should possess a warm, dry shelter-sned (mot necessarily artificially heated), also that there should be a portion of the flight roofed in; extending eaves, unless fully a yard or more wide, are not sufficient. Also that this covered-in portion should be so arranged as not to be wind- swept. Now, I think, more than enough has been said, es- pecially in view of other papers which are to appear in due course—thus I have not aimed at anything more than a series of broken notes—the other species known to aviculture will be dealt with in next instalment. 354 Parrot-Finches. THREE COMMON SPECIES OF PARROT-FINCH. By Dr. M. AmsSLER. The Editor has asked mo to contribute my experiences of the Pin-tail Nonpariel, the Three-coloured Parrot-Finch, and the Common Parrot Finch in captivity. Although my aviaries have at one time or another contained all these species, Mr. Page would have done better to apply to other aviculturists for notes on these birds--for aught I know he may have done so. Mr. Seth Smith for instance was at one time eminently successful, and Mr. Temple has bred numbers of Common Parrot Finches and also some of the Three-coloured variety. As I frequently visit Mr. Temple’s aviaries I shall later make several references to my observations there. Of the Fin-tail Nonpareil (lately re-named Pin-tail Par- vot-Finch) I have had more specimens than I care to mention, but have never had any success with them as breeders until this year. In September of last year I received five pairs from a dealer in exchange—of these nine were dead in a week and the tenth is still, at the end of a year, fit and well. A few weeks later I received six more pairs from the same importation but from a different dealer—these with one exception are, as far as I know, alive and well. My intention was to obtain two or three pairs, but in this I was frustrated, as the vast majority of “hens” always turn out to be immature cocks, and as time went on I found I was possessed of only one hen. I kept the hen and two cocks and disposed of the rest. I find that the males attain their full colour at the first moult, and I am inclined to think there are two varieties in the males as well as in the females—the latter variation has already been described. In the males the difference of colour is to be found in the breast and under parts—in some the colour being ver- milion, while in others it is merely a reddish-orange. This difference is fixed and not due to lack of vigour—as it re- appears at successive moults. We have already had a few notes on the delicacy of this bird. Parrot-Finches. 355 I can adduce no reason, but do not think the numerous deaths are due entirely to crowding, etc., during the voyage, for the same conditions surround many other birds without the same disastrous death-rate. The birds, when first imported, seem to find some difficulty in husking their seed, and if Paddy Rice is really a necessity to them during the first few weeks of acclimatisation, the hardness of the seed might account for their inability to make full use of it. I have tried the following foods, with results which are not encouraging—Canary, White and Indian Millet of course —Paddy Rice, Oats’ and Groats) Mealworms, Gentles, Greenfly, and Flowering Grass. Very little but Paddy Rice and Millet was looked at. I have scalded the spray millet and also the Faddy Rice and found they would not touch it in this condition, whereas newly imported and young waxbills like their Millet so treated. My post mortem examinations do not tally with those reported in the papers. In most instances there was no visible cause of death; in two there was pericarditis, and in one pneumonia. With regard to breeding operations, I have not much to record, Mr. Temple had a very fine pair for two or three years, which finally built a nest in a square box, with a small circular opening—four or five eggs were laid, they were white like the common Parrot-Finch’s. Two young were hatched out, which only lived for a day or two. In my aviaries this year a nest was built in a cigar- box; it was more or less spherical with a circular hole at the front. Only two eggs were laid and one chick hatched on the 13th day. This was fed for two days, and then died, I think, owing to the interference of the odd cock. The ‘love dance” is peculiar—the cock sidles up to the hen, twittering the while, when sufficiently near he faces her and the tail is then bent sharply from side to side, severa! times, after which pairing takes place. The Pin-tailed Parrot-Finch, as also the “Common,” and Three-coloured species, are quite able to winter in a cold aviary if there is reasonable shelter—for roosting in at night. This species I find to be rather wild, and also lethargic, they si! quietly for hours on a perch—but when one enters 356 Parrot-Finches. the aviary they dash about like wild caught birds. This latter remark applies also to the Three-coloured Parrot-Finch, of which I have had two pairs. This species was, I believe, first privately imported by Mrs. Johnstone—who bred them freely—some of these subsequently came into Mr. Temple’s hards. I believe he reared two broods from the original adult pair, in heated aviaries one spring, after which they began to moult. A pair of the young birds he kindly presented to me, and later I purchased the old birds—but cannot report any brilliant results therefrom. The young birds never attempted to breed, and I finally sent them to the Zoo, in exchange; the old birds laid two clutches of eggs the first summer in my aviaries, but were very unsteady and did not hatch. I kept them for two seasons more, but, as no further attempts were made, I let them go to one of our fellow members who is an exhibitor. These birds should be “commoner” than the two coloured species from New Caledonia—but I think there have only been two importa- tions altogether. They are, as I have said, lazy bicds—inclined to be wild, and to get very fat. I have always found them quite peaceable, but I know this is not the universal experience of aviculturists. ‘The sexes are easily discinguishable, the colours, especially the blue on the head of the male, being much brighter than in the female. The Common or Two-coloured Parrot-Finch is easily my favourite of these three species, he is more beautiful than the last mentioned species, and far more contiding than the Fintail, even if not so beautiful, which point I am inclined to question. I suppose it was this species which earned for the genus the name of “ Parrot-Finch,” for the other two com- moner species do not in any way suggest to me the colouring of a Farrot of any kind. Even the Common Parrot-Finch has one drawback, 7.e. the difficulty of sexing individual birds, Males largely pre- ponderate and are fairly easy to sex by their song—females must be picked out by a process of exclusion, 7.c., the absence of song, and the fainter colouring—also thickness of the beak. At one time, having made several correct guesses, I Parrot-Finches. 357 went over to Mr. Temple’s, confident that I should be able to help him in sorting out his males and females, which he wanted to part for the winter months. I was confident, he sceptical. We caught up about twenty birds, and sorted them out into, say, 12 cocks and 8 hens. Result, during the winter several of the “cocks” laid fertile eggs, and some of the “females” also bred. I then modified my method of sexing these birds. If I had any certain cocks I left them in the aviary; any possible hens, or newly arrived birds I put into travelling cages in different parts of the aviary. Any cage which contained a hen would shortly be constantly attended by one of the cocks; this cage I labelled ‘a hen”; those cages which were neglected, I took to contain cocks. I consider the above the only method of obtaining true pairs—an important point in the breeding of this species. They are very amorous, odd cocks being a great nuisance and continually tormenting breeding hens the moment they leave their nests to feed. In my experience they like a nesting-box three or four feet from the ground, and are quite satisfied with hay as nesting material. Mr. Seth Smith found that they liked an old straw hat tacked to the wall as a nesting receptacle. Four to six eggs are usually laid, pure white in colour, Both sexes incubate, often both simultaneously, the incubation period is 13 days—the young are fed on regurgitated seed, and mealworms are freely taken to vary the menu; a certain amount of soft food is also consumed. Maw seed is a great treat for these birds, and they will use it ad. lib. in feeding young. In constrast to the other species the Common Parrot- Finch is continually on the move, displaying almost Tit-like vivacity, and in consequence he is easy to keep in health and stands cold as well as the common Sparrow. Of late, the species has been rarely imported and the few birds on the market have been bred in aviaries. It is to be hoped that in the near future these birds will be more freely imported for they are by far the most attractive of that section of birds knowu as Grassfinches. Lo be continued., ———— - ¢o----— 358 Species Capable of Wintering Out of Doors. A List of Species Capable of Wintering Out of Doors. By Dr. M. AMSLER. The Mditor has asked me fora list of birds which I have wintered out of doors. Tt would have taken me much less time to have given a list of those species, which 1 hive failed to keep in the open the whole year round without heat. Six years of aviculture have convinced me that open air treatment is conducive to the best breeding results, even if some of the less fit do go under. Birds which have been kept in a heated aviary or cage for three or four months are not nearly so fit by the spring, as those which have braved the elements during the past winter; the latter are almost always in better plumage, and also in better condition having presumably had more exercise. The more pampered bird may be in more forward breeding condition, but the cold spring winds often cause some disaster, such as pneumonia or egg-binding. On the other hand the birds which have had more Spartan treatment, although possibly a little later in their breeding opera- tions, will scarcely notice changes of temperature and will merely peuse in their worl: instead of dying. These remarks apply with special force to Gouldian and other Grassfinches, which will attempt to nest as early as January, if kept warm, with (in my experience) constantly disappointing results. Parrot-finches are an exception to this rule, many broods having been reared in January and February. In such eases, however, it is necessary to supply artificial light at 6 a.m. so as to prolong the parents’ feeding hours. Another point is this : birds prevented from breeding by withholding nesting receptacles and materials in early spring, will often pass the whole summer in idleness and start nesting in late autumn, when again results are seldom satisfactory. In estimating the results of outdoor winter treatment one must remember that deaths must be more frequent at this season, whether one keeps Sparrows or Sunbirds : personally I cannot attribute more than three or four deaths directly te cold, and even in these cases 1 think that the Thames mists did more harm than the actual cold. At the same time, it must not be thought that eS —E—E—— Species Capable of Wintering Out of Doors. 359 my birds are all left out to take their chance, mary have passed one or two winters in cold or warm rooms and then have been left out, being carefully watched the while. If one has well-built shelters and the birds are driven in on a few consecutive evenings in the autumn, they soon learn to roost indoors. The shelter shonld have a high span and the lin- tels of the doors should not reach the eaves, the birds will thus be well out of draughts, as they prefer to roost high. Large windows or skylights to the shelters will further encourage the birds to make use of them. T know that IT have wandered from my original subject, but in discussing the acclimatisation of any animal, 7/f 7s 71ecessary to consider, the conditions of housing and climate which surround it, and also, its health at the most trying season, Species which have successfully wintered out : GrosBEAKS AND BUNTINGS: Virginian Cardinal. Indigo Bunting. Green Cardinal. Nonpareil Bunting. Cresied Cardinal. Pope Cardinal. Black-cheeked Cardinal. Yellow breasted Bunting True FINCHES : Green Singingfineh. Grey Singingfinch, Pelzeln’s Safron Finch. Common Safron Finch. GRASSPINCHES : Common Parrot-‘inch. Three coloured Parrot-finch. Pintail (Nonpareil) Parrot- finch. Zebra Finch. Masked Grassfinch. WAXBILLS : Cordon Bleu Blue-breasted Waxbill. Orange-cheeked Waxbill. Common Wasbill. GROUND BIrRpbs : Chinese Painted Quail. Harlequin Quail. Rain Quail. Various SPECIEs : Golden-fronted Fruitsucker. Blue Grosbeak. Olive Finch. Cuba Finch. Jacarini Finch. Black-headed Siskin. “Black Siskin. Tlooded Siskin. Sikhim Siskin. “Long-tailed Grassfinch. *Gouldian Finch. Ruficauda Finch. Cutthroat. Red-headed Finch. Diamond Finch. Golden-breasted Waxbill. Common Avadavat. Green Avadavat. Firefineh. * \fontezuma Quail Stone Partridge. Chukar Partridge. Sorry Thrush, 360 Species Capable of Wintering Out of Doors. *Jerdon’s Fruitsucker ( ? ). Orange-headed Ground Thrush Red-whiskered Bulbul Ashy Wood-Swallows. Yellow headed Reed-birds. Diamond Doves Flame-shouldered Troupials. Golden Orioles Migratory Thrush (American Robin). Those marked (*) are doubtfully hardy, In some species T have feund one or other sex to be the more delicate, usually the females—hens of Yellow-headed Reed- birds for instance, dying from a few degrees of frost, whereas my only cock lived happily through two hard winters. All the-Waxbills in m»~ list are quite hardy if acelimatised, but Dufresne’s, Black-cheeked and Ruddy Waxbills appear to be delicate. Of the Grassfinches I have kept, Painted, Long-tailed and Gouldian Finches (even when acclimatised) have proved the most delicate. Of species which I have found quite unable to stand frost and damp I may mention the following: Yellow-winged and Purple Sugarbirds, Black-headed Sugarbirds (a hen successfully survived one winter), Superb and Tri-coloured Tanagers. -——¢ An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. By Wustny 7. Pacn E2285, MeBrOnur (Concluded from page 384). Mr. W. SHort Barry's Aviaries: We arrived here about 6 p.m., and after making the acquaintance of our genial host and hostess, found time for a run round the aviaries before dinner, though as our host was kindly putting us up for the night, we reserved serious note-taking till the next day. T will preface my remarks by stating that the practical character of Mr. Shore Baily’s aviaries is typified by the results amd interesting records which have appeared in this and previous volumes, together with many interesting photos illustrating the various episodes. These aviaries were described in an illustrated article from Mr. Shore Baily’s pen in “B.N.” February 1911, page 38, to which I must refer readers, but the photo-reproduction and plans herewith will indicate the general arrangement of them for new readers. The aviaries are numerous and roomy several 40ft. x 15ft. x 8ft.; 30ft. x loft. x 1dft.; and 40 ” HhyMg_-atoug *4{ AQ ojoud “‘SOLIVIAW S§ ATLIeq-aroya “AJ, JO OAT, ‘SULON auld An Faster Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. 261 ft. x 3C ft. x 8 ft. They are naturally planted with laurel, , POP i aa at aia Sheller Obed S ¥ x Cypress, fir, aucuba, privet, box, elder, raspberry, currant, artichokes, rhubarb, ribbon grass, while annually wheat, oats, and other cereals are sown. Several of the aviaries have a small stream running through them and nothing is wanting for Bordcs of Michaelroas Daises,ck. a ag es ie ai ee nag oct RI es Cea Aaurels & other Evrae 3 Deo 5. Height oft HET eo irige ae eee “—c<- 27 a et ee OG are ovr flow the comfort of the birds. Each aviary is fitted with a box, in which the seed-pans, etc., are placed, and a @rop-door allows 362 Ar Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. the capture of any bird while feeding. Most of the aviaries ecntained ample shelters, but one or two were summer quarters only, many of the birds going into the birdroom for the winter months. The aviaries given up mainly to Parrakeets are very naturally fitted up with branches, from pieces six or more inches in diameter, to others with a diameter not more than half-inch; logs, barrels, banjo nest boxes (see plate opposite page 217 of current volume), and well p'anned feeding arrange- ments make these aviaries very practical and complete. ‘That the birds appreciate the arrangements made for their comfort is indicated by the number of species that go to nest, Mr. Shore Baily having been fairly successful with several species of Weavers, a group which cannot by any means be called free breeders, though they have nested and reared, or partially reared, young much more frequently of late years. The various photo-reproductions which have appeared in “ B.N.” at various times also indicate how readily the birds adapt themselves to the natural cover provided. I must now proceed to note the birds which were in the various aviaries, but our visit being an Easter one many of the birds were still in the bird-room. I should add that the aviary numbers used have no significance, being merely a matter of convenience for separation purposes-the numbers only indicate the order in which we went round the respective aviaries. No. 1. 1 pair Red Rosella Parrakeets, with young; Bib and Ribbon Finches (incubating); various Mannikins and Weavers; also Diamond Doves (ineubating), and Diamond Finches (ineubating). No. 2. Flocks of Black-cheeked Lovebirds and Budgerigars ; also a Go Zebra and Y Diamond Dove nesting. No. 3. Pairs each of: Bauer’s, Red Rosella, Mealy Rosella, and Pennant’s Parrakeets ; Black-cheeked Lovebirds, Bleeding-heart Doves, Blue Grosbeaks, Diuca Finches and numerous Hyphantornine Weavers. No. 4. 1 pair Alexandrine Parrakeets with young (vide page 217 current volume); 1 pair Red and Mealy Rosella Parrakeets, eross- mated: pairs each of Californian Quail, Necklace and Aurita Doves, Emin’s Sparrow (Awropasser emini) and Black-cheeked Lovebirds, the latter were incubating in a nest constructed under the tiles. No. 5. Senegal and Half-collared Doves, Budgerigars, Black- winged Grackles, Moustache Parrakeets, Cockateels, and hybrid Califor- nian < Squamata Quail, also Orange, Red-billed, Grenadier and Napo- leon Weavers, mostly in pairs. No. 6. Hybrid Weavers, Black-headed, and Masked Weavers, Bird NoTEs. ie 4 2 PE EE he RR PIGEON TE 3, Nest of Golden Weaver, . Nest of Black-fronted Weaver. 9 v 1. Nest of Hybrid Weaver, An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. 363 Bocage’s Whydah, Diamond Doves (incubating), Canaries, and hybrid Californian X Squamata Quail. No. 7. Paradise Whydahs, Abyssinian Weavers, and Bronze- wing Doves (incubating). No. 8. Indian Larks, Short-winged Weavers, and Bearded Tits. No. 9. Variegated Laughing-Thrushes, Black-headed and Rufous-necked Weavers, and Mexican Bilack-breasted Quail. No. 10. Rufous-necked Weavers, Orange-headed Weaver (the male parent of the hybrid Weavers in enclosure 6), Mexican Black- breasted Quail, Fieldfares, and various Hyphantornine Weavers. It will be noted that the lists in some of the aviaries are small, but the numerous birds yet in the bird-room were to b2 distributed over these a little later. I have already intimated that the arrangements de- scribed above have borne good results as manifested by the various records, successes, and partial successes, from Mr. Shere Baily’s pen during the season, and I will now inter- polate a brief description, illustrated by photo-reproductions of Weavers’ nests, taken in the aviaries, but description is not needed, the photos speak for themselves, combined with the records which have appeared in the present and last volumes-— it should be noted that these nests, and others, which have been illustrated in our pages, are not the merely ornamental playthings, with which too many Weavers in captivity occupy their time, but nests in which serious attempts to reproduce their kind have been made, and in several instances with com- plete success; more need not be written. Now: a few words as to the bird-room; this is a ground- floor room, attached to the house and in close proximity to the kitchen quarters, from which it is separated by a narrow hall. In this hall stands a gas boiler, which by the means of radiators keeps up a comfortable temperature in the bird-room (a large one). All round the room are spacious enclosures in two stories, lower and upper, and in these the bulk of the Passerine series pass the winter months. I will not indicate the separate enclosures of which there were at least eight or nine, but merely give a bulk list of the birds I noted in ‘them. Fincues: Diuca, Black Seed-, Zebra, B.H. and R.H. Gouldian, Cuban, Lavender, Bicheno’s, Diamond, Fire, Long-tailed Grass-, Rufi- cauda; also Himalayan, and Chinese Greenfinches, St. Helena Seed- eaters, etc. 3b4 An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. WAXBILLS: Orange-cheek, Golden-breasted, Grey, St. Helena, Cordon Bleus, etc. Wuavers: Orange, Napoleon, Grenadier, Black-headed, Dwarf, Cape, Taba, and numerous specimens of the genus Hyphantornis not yet in colour Doves: Cape or Masked, Emerald Spotted, and Diamond. I also noted some nice Bearded Tits. Mid-day on Saturday came all too quickly, bringing to a Close a visit which was all pleasure and interest. Our thanks and adieus to our host and hostess were spoken and we set _out for Oxford, where Mr. Haggie dwells. MR. HAGGIE’S AVIARIES: Of these there are two, the first devoted to the ‘Small Ornamental Finches” is not large, being only some 12 ft. x 8 ft., but is a very handsome structure and also, by the way, a very costly one for its size, ecsting some £50. It is built against the buttress of the kitchen chimney, and the shelter is consequently quite warm even during the coldest weather. The flight is attractively planted with ever- greens, rambler roses, abutilons, geraniums, etc., the walk through the centre being bordered on either side with grass; a small fountain and shallow basin supplies the birds with a bath and fresh water. 5 In this aviary Zebra, Gouldian, and Firefinches have reared young; and ether species have made good attempts. Its occupants were (from memory), as follows: An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. 365 Firefinches;: Red and Green Avadavats; Gold-breasted, Orange- cheeked, Grey and St. Helena Waxbills ; Indigo and Nonpareil Buntings ; Pin-tailed Parrot Finches, Gouldian Finches, etc. A Yellow-winged Sugarbird has been added _ since, and was in exhibition trim when I hiad the lopportunity of seeing it during a visit in mid-October. The Parrakeet Aviary is situated some distance away at one side of the garden, faced by a small wood. This consists of a roomy shed and flight, the whole of which is roofed in, the front and one end of flight being wire netting. Here were housed in some numbers: Budgerigars, Cockateels, White Java Sparrows, and Madagascar Lovebirds. Also Napoleon, Madagascar, Orange, Red-billed, Russ’ and and other Weavers—all in the best condition. Breeding results are usually good, and annually a fair number of Budgerigars and Cockateels are reared. This brief look round Mr. Haggie’s aviaries and birds brought our pleasant and interesting tour to an end, and a prosaic railway journey from Oxford to London, with a hurried glimpse round my own modest series, were the concluding episodes. Now my task is finished, it has been a lengthy one, also a pleasant one—to recall the various visits, meetings and experiences with other aviculturists whom we met by the way, and their kind reception and genial hospitality—as pen has glided over paper, recording the various visits and describing the aviaries and birds ; and, I can only hope that the account has been of practical interest, commensurate with the space it has occupied in our club journal. En passant. I must express our thanks and apprecia- tion to Mr. Haggie, senior, for his kind loan of the touring ear, which made such pleasant and interesting experiences possible; and in like manner I thank my readers for allowing me to inflict this series upon them. Now.zsa final word, I urge all those Members whose aviaries and birds are described herein, to send in accounts of the doings in the aviaries during the season, and more amplified details of their accommodation and collection than has been possible for me to include in so lengthy a series. Such would, IT am assured, prove a most interesting and practical sequel to what I have written herein. 366 A Journey Across the Sierras—S. California. A Journey Across the Sierras, S. California By WM. SHorE Batty. Continued from page 321. We lunched this day on the bank of a pond. This pond, unlike the last, was surrounded by a heavy belt of tules. While my partner was taking his siesta, I strolled around it with the dog. I was rather surprised to find that no Black- birds were present nesting. I suppose that the elevation was too high fo» them. The only birds noticed were a Cinnamon Teal (Querquedula cyanoptera) with young that quickly van- ished inte the tules, a troop of half grown Moorhens (Gallinula galeata). and a Merlin (Faleo columbarius); this little Hawk is locally known as the Pigeon-Hawk. It is a very plucky little bird and will easily kill a Figeon or Quail, although they are so much larger than itself. When about half way round the pond, we surprised a Coyote, but not having the gun with me it saved its scalp. The retriever gave chase very valiantly, but when he began to overhaul the Coyote, the latter rounded on him, so that he in his turn “turned tail,” the Coyote pursuing him a short distance. It takes a really plucky dog to tackle one of these animals. The State pays a bounty of five dollars for their scalps as they do a good deal of damage to young stock. After lunch we continued our way through the valley. Woodpeckers, both Green and _ Pied, were the commonest birds, and we saw a pair of Nutcrackers in the distance. Towards evening the trail branched off into a side canyon, ascending rapidly, so that we were soon again amongst the pines. Here we met a Rancher on a wall-eyed cayuse, carrying an ancient musket. He was the first man we had seen since leaving Fort Tejon, so we halted and had a few words with him. It appeared that a Bear had killed one of his heifers the night before, and he was out to lay up over the carcase. He rather snorted, when I asked him if it were a Black Bear. ‘“‘ Should I take a jgun for an old Black Bear, a knife’s plenty good enough for them. Guess this un’s an old man grizzly, and a big un’ too.” I much wanted to join the old chap in his hunt, but my Dutch partner wouldn’t hear of it. Said “‘he hadn’t lost any grizzlies,” so I had to give the idea up. I have no doubt but that he got his bear all right. I knew of one or two others being killed in this 6é A Journey Across the Sierras—S. California. 367 district, whilst I was out there. We camped this night once more amid the pines. Leaving my partner to prepare supper, I took the gun and went to look for some fresh meat. I found a covey of well grown Valley Quail, but failed to get a shot. At last I got a crack at a small flock of Pigeons (C. fasciata) and knocked down two. These birds are fairly common in the mountains, but do not go about in large flocks like our Wood-Pigeon. They are about the size of our Blue Rock. The most noticeable thing about them is their bright yellow legs, every other variety of Pigeon I know having red legs. My shots at the Pigeons started a Grey Squirrel, and I marked it run up a large pine. As they are very good eating, I tried to add this to the bag. After a careful search on all sides of the tree I failed to make it out. As a last resource I fired a shot into the top of the tree, which by the way was quite 200 feet high. On the report to my surprise the Squirrel ran out along the lowest branch about 159) feet up and took a flying leap towards another tree at least two hundred yards away. It sailed down as gracefully as an aero- plane, landing a few yards from the foot of the other tree, up which it scampered as if nothing unusual had happened. The skin of their lower parts is loose, and when their legs are extended at right-angles to their body, it stretches, and sets much like a parachute, but although I had occasionally shot these animals before I had no idea that they possessed these powers of flight. The next day our road continued on a steady ascent until about mid-day when we reached the top of the pass after having walked practically all the morning. Before us was a narrow valley or canyon, the mountains on each side being practically bare of all vegetation and extremely rugged. It looked very cheerless and forbidding after the pleasant coun- try we had been passing through. However, the track was good, and as our way was now all down-hill, we made rapid progress. Bird life was scarce, but we saw a Bald Eagle, also a couple of Magpies (Pica nuttalli) which looked in flight exactly like the European species. They have, I believe, yellow bills, but we were not near enough to see this. They are scarce in California and are only found in the higher Sierras, but I have seen a good many of them in the Rocky 368 A Journey Across the Sierras—S. California. Mountains in Utah and Wyoming. We camped this night right in the middle of the canyon in very cheerless surroundings. From a puddle of rain-water we managed to get enough to water the horse and make tea, but wood was unobtainable and we had to have resource to a small coal o1 stove to heat our water. After supper I took my usual stroll around, but the only living things seen were a pair of Ravens (Corvus corax sinuatus)—fit birds for such a dismal country. After a cold and uncomfortable night, we were very glad to get started again and were soon out of the canyon and into a more open valley. Trees were absent but we passed one or two small lakes on which Ducks were feeding, principally Mallard and Pin-tail. One or two Hawks and Falcons were also seen, but too far off to identify. About mid-day we reached the western end of Antelope Valley and halted at a ranch for lunch—the first building we had seen since leaving Fort Tejon. We were able to buy from the rancher some bread and firewood ; water he gave us. Antelope Valley is entirely surrounded by high mountains, those to the north being over 12,000 feet and very rugged; it is practically waterless as far as surface water is concerned for at least nine months in the year. The ranchers obtained their supply both for domestic purposes and stock from wells. The only tree com- mon. to the valley is the Yucca, a dwari kind of Palm, re- sembling a cabbage stalk with a tuft of leaves on top. As far as I could see it is quite useless for any purpose. The valley is about sixty miles long by from twenty to thirty wide, and is crossed at its eastern end by the C.P.R. on its way from Los Angeles to San Francisco. Being at such a great elevation it is extremely healthy and is now all taken up by settlers, many of whom go in for fruit-farming. In the early days large herds of Antelopes, an animal that can go a fong time without water, roamed all over the valley, but they have now been killed off or else driven into the mountains. Birds were not numerous, but we saw a good many Larks of the three kinds already noted in this paper. We also saw a pair of Road Runners and a Hawk, which I believed to be a Kestrel (Falco sparvercus)). Snakes and Lizards were numerous, also that curious little animal the Horned Toad. We camped this night on the lee side of a small ranch house, BIRD NOTES. Photo by W. Shove Baily. Lake Elizabeth—s. California. A Journey Across the Sierras—S. California. 369 and found it very cold. As wood has to be hauled twenty miles or more from the nearest timber-covered mountains, it is valuable and cannot be used recklessly, so we had little fire. The next morning we travelled along the valley for another twenty miles, when the trail took us into the mountains, at right angles to our previous course. At lunch this day our horse had for the first time on the trip to go unwatered; but we luckily had enough water in our canteens to make coffee for ourselves. In these waterless districts birds are of course exceedingly scarce, only those like the birds of prey, who can do without water, being able to survive. As it was important that we should reach water before night we only took a Short rest. ‘After an hour or two’s ascent the mountains began to be covered again with chap- paral and at one place we saw a covey of Quail, a sure sign that we were not far from water. About two hours from sundown we struck a small spring and at once pitched camp. Here we found a gang of men, running’ a tunnel into the moun- tain. It appeared that they were intending to tap the waters of Elizabeth Lake, that lay on the other side of the mountains, and use them for irrigating the valley we had just left. A rather ambitious programme it seemed to me. We spent the evening smoking and chatting around their camp fire, and as several of them were old-timers, we had a very interesting time. The next morning in little more than half an hour, we topped the ridge, and Lake Elizabeth lay before us. Lake Elizabeth is a fine piece of water, and next to Lake Tahoe, in Northern California, is, I believe, the largest natural lake in the State. It fills a basin in the mountains about 15 miles in circumference, from which three wide valleys run up into the mountains. In these valleys are quite a number of ranches, and at the head of the Lake we saw a school-house, the last we had seen being near Bakersfield, 120 miles distant. As we travelled along the lake side I was surprised to find how few birds there were: Waders were entirely absent, and a few Ducks away out on the open water were the only water- fowl seen. In the chapparal on the mountain side one or two lots of Quail and also a few Mourning Doves (Zenaida mac- roura) were again seen. They were about the size of the White-winged Dove (MM. leuwcoplera) and much larger than 370 Heron versus Eel Duel. the Ground Dove (C. passerina) so common around Buena Vista. After travelling round two sides of the lake we again ascended, and after an hour’s stiff climb reached the divide. Here we halted for lunch. Behind us Lake Elizabeth in its setting of high mountains made a charming piciure. In front the trail running between the mountains forming the southern end of the Tejon Pass, looked far less attractive. All around us was the chapparal, consisting very largely of Sage Bush, from here to the coast the commonest of all the shrubs. Bird life was scarce and no fresh variety was noted. For nearly 40 miles our way was now downhill, at first by an easy gradient, but afterwards by the worst kind of track yet encountered on the trip. To be continued. o—__——_— Heron versus Eel Duel. By S. WiLiiams, F.Z.S. While spending a short holiday at Clacton in Septem- ber, my friend, Mr. F. A. Harrison, F.Z.S., showed me the photo which has been reproduced to accompany this article, 3eing unique it should be of interest to B.N. readers. A Common Heron, while on the look out for a meal in the Stour at Flatford, near East Bergholt, Suffolk, chanced to spot a nice eel, and Heron-like made for it. Scoring a bull so to speak, it impaled the Eel with its bill a few inches from the head. The Eel, having got entangled in the reeds in the river, offered a stout resistance. The result was—the Heron became exhausted, was drawn under the water and drowned. The Eel also died from the severe wound received in the neck from the Heron’s bill. When measured the Eel was 27 inches long and had a girth of five inches, weighing one and a quarter pounds. The Heron also was a fine specimen, standing 380 inches high and measuring five and a quarter feet from tip to tip of wings. This duel took place on August 8rd, 1914, ——¢—— Brirp NOTES. Heron and Eel, A disastrous capture, Sir Wiliiam Ingram’s Birds of Paradise. 371 Sir William Ingram’s Birds of Paradise at Little Tobago. Prr O. MILLSUM. Continued jrom page 337. No rats are on the island, and but one kind of small snake. Supposedly broken pottery of the caribs is found and appears by no means scarce. Sea birds abound, and plenty of good sea fish can be had for the ‘trouble or pleasure if you like, of catching them. It does not appear as though Squirrels inhabit this part of the world like they do in Tobago, and where they are such a pest to the cocoa planter. Small cleared tracks intersect the island for convenience sake in allowing one to get about and over it, the upper and central one being known as “ Broadway Road.’ ‘here is also brought into view the clear and deep blue sea below, and in the distance, and across Tobago shore and its mountain landscape. Among the various numbers of the wild plants which grow upon Little Tobago, two lots stand out pre-eminently, namely a palm and a sort of wild tannia, and this is due to fhe immense gregarious quantities in which they are met. ach is found in Tobago, but neither is ever apparently crammed together there in the masses tha! one sees them here. The first is the local bag palm, Thrinax argentea, whose leaves are of a silvery hue underneath, and the other is that known to botanists as Anthurium hookeri. Thousands upon thousands of each of these plants simply grow luxuriantly all over the place and in every stage of growth and development. Where they are best seen {0 per- fection are in those positions that have been formed by the aid and shelter of the wild trees which screen and protect them from the high winds and from direvt contact with the sun. The teeming nuibers of large, broad and long shining green leaves, accompanied as they are with the extended tail-like dark reddish flowering and fruiting parts of the innumerable Anthuriums, arrest attention from the most casual of ob- servers. This latter plant was referred to in particular, if we mistake not, sometime back by one of Sir William’s sons, after he had visited his father’s island, in an article he wrote for the ‘London Wield.” Many formec Thrinax palms are magnificently shaped plants and would bring joy to the heart of the best of plant cultivators, could they but see such beautiful foliaged plants. But these are for Bob’s glorifi- cation only. On the other hand the older of them have tall, slender trunks upon which are poised the heads of leaves with its floral and fruiting (seeding) portions nestling away up among the branches of the islaud’s higher trees, such as one might instance as the West Indian Turpentine tree (Bursera), the manjak (clammy cherry), or yet again another vernacular umbrella tree (Cordia), Dogwood (Piscidia), and Sideroxylon. Only two ferns were seen during the few hours visit, an Adiantum in the ground, and a climbing Polypodiwm. A block of tall cabbage palms (Creodowa) were noticed. Of shrubs there were Clean one might say in truth, thousands of them—of the dwarfer 372 Sir William Ingram’s Birds of Paradise. teeth (maba), iron wood (crythroxylon), Casearias, and others of the flora of Tobago. Grasses and sedges were represented in limited genera and species, and some Passiflora and Cissas (climbers), ete., ete., are here also Upon the rocks are small “ field” of the virgin orchid (Diae- rium). One dead land shell, Bulimus glaber, was picked up and will be deposited at the British Museum, London, for scientific purposes, Butterfhes and moths presumably are not plentiful, although scorpions are frequently seen. Besides being a world-wide traveller, Mr. Robert Herold is a poet, and an artist of some merit, and he is, generally speaking, a decidedly well-informed person. One cannot but hope these Birds of Paradise will continue to thrive in Little Tobago, and thus Justify the tremendously expensive “ hobby” of Sir William Ingram in bringing them to this spot, and that they will gradually perpetuate their species and increase steadily in numbers as time goes on. Such, any- way, is the sincere and humble wish of the two privileged visitors to the island on Tuesday, the 21st July 1914. We also desire to thank Mr. H. H. Tucker very sincerely for so readily allowing us to go over Little Tobago once he learned of our wish to see this interesting island, and also for placing the boat at our service for the occasion.” DAILY OBSERVATIONS AND REPORT ON LITTLE TOBAGO. (By Robert Heroup—Caretaker ). August 1, 1914.—In Speyside. 5 2.—Cannot get boatmen on account of holiday. i 3.—Arrive at Little Tobago at 6-40 a.m. Resuming of work, viz., clearing and planting of new paw paw ground. Heard loud calls from Apoda Hill and North Hill. Saw 2 female Apodas flying S.W. Saw 2 pair at feeding place, one young at Broadway. Heard calls from King Edward Road. Aflernoon. Went to North Hill and North Point. Saw 1 pair top of North Hill. Heard call below slope of North Hill. Went to King Hdward Road. Heard 2 calls from Waterhole. Saw female Apoda. At Broadway one male loudly calling at evening from Apoda Hill and teeding place. A 4.--Weather dry. Work at clearing paw paw ground completed. Calls at early morning from Apoda Hill, North Hill and flat. One pair and one female at feeding place. Afternoon. Went to Apoda Hill and Waterhole. Saw two females at Apoda Hill. Calls from South slope. Saw one male Apoda at Waterhole. Calls from top of Waterhole Hill. The female at feeding place, one pair at Broadway. Call from Mahoe Gully and King Edwaid Road. Calls from Apoda Hiil at Sir William Ingram's Birds of Paradise. 373 evening. Two females flying N.—S., one female behind kitchen. August 5.—-Weather dry. Shot large Hawk at early morn. Calls from Apoda Hill and North Hill. Weard one call from north side of Alexandra Hill. Saw two females top of Waterhole. Call from Broad- way, one female at feeding place, two calls from end of Waterhole. Afternoon. Went to Guinea Point. Saw one female at King Edward Road, one female at Broadway. Call from Palm Grove and south siope of Apoda Hill. At evening two females flying N.S. Two females fly- ing over landing place S.E. Loud calls from Apoda Hill. a 6.—Weather very bad, cannot go out, birds silent. 5 7.—Weather clear. Loud calls from Apoda Hill, North Hill and Flat. Went to Guinea Point. Saw one female at feeding place, one pair at Broadway, one mate near by dancing. Calls from Fiast-road. Shot one fowl (ben) and two ha!lf-grown chicks... 6 8.—Weather very rainy. Birds silent during morning. Loud calls at evening from Apoda Hill, saw two females flying N.S. One small Shark in bay. is 9.---Weather very clear. Loud calls from several points, also saw several males and females at North Hill, Apoda Hill, Waterhole, and Broadway Road, one female in tree close by. Similar reports continue, but I will now quote: REPORT IN GENERAL. There is no change in the lives of the Apodas, they are as well as ever. In rainy weather they keep rather silent, but when it is fine they are heard all over the island. i have kept hidden half-way up trees, which I have climbed and which Apodas frequent, fo make sure of the right shade of colour of head and throat of females, and I can say now with certainty that it is a deep metallic indigo blue. All other parts of the body are brown, except at the end of belly towards tail, a light. greyish pink. I have received the colours from Mr. Brash, and I shall try to colour the sketches of Apodas the proper shades. I shall forward sketches via New York. Fowls are seen again now and then. ‘I have shot three, also a shark in the bay. All Hawks I have seen I have shot ; there are very few and they are all strangers. I will now continue with an abstract of letter sent to Sir William Ingram. * When Mr. Brash visited the isiand he saw several Apo.las, viz. ; 374 Editorial. four females in one tree, two females flying close by when leaving for another place, one male Apoda flying towards Alexandra Road, and we heard several calls from different directions. Sitting in the gallery of house he saw a large male passing north—south below house, and a male Jafer on. He also saw a female sitting at a long distance, but before he could bear the glasses on it, it disappeared. There can be no mistake at all betweer. male and female Apodas. The male is, as you said, a larger bird than the female, and can be distinguished from a long distance, even when flying, by its yellow colour at the back of ‘its head. he female is all brown, but around the eyes and the back of the head, also part of throat there is a very deep colour, which I take for very dark indigo blue. It may be a very dark purple brown. ‘The female bird is certainly smaller and appears more slick. I shall write to-day to Mr. Brash for a few tubes of colour for myself, and then [I will try to send you a coloured picture of male and female. I shall try to draw a little sketch now. There are certainly two distinct colours in a female Apoda, but it is impossible to make a mistake as to the sex of the birds. I aw very sorry Mr. Brash had no chance to view a male bird at a close distance. Both males he saw were in flight. As to the number of the different sexes I can state that there are: 4 males, 10 females, 1 young (sex unknown). These are the numbers I can vouch for. ‘There nay be two or three more, but there are certainly no less. It is impossible to say that there are exactly such a mumber of each sex om the island as they are never to be seen altogether and counted. I have done all that is possible to get a clear estimate, and what I have stated is the the minimum, as I can run no chances in such an important matter. If the birds were not so restless and would keep together, 1f would not be so difficult, but they are such a disagreeable lot of birds and never keep up friendship with each other. So they are sometimes in pairs, mostly single, and never in greater numbers than four or five, and those on rare occasions. I have tried to explain matters as well as I can, but hope soon to send you sketches in colour, which will explain things better. ¢———-- Editorial Space is again very limited, and bare lists only are possible. All are subsequent to the results given in August B.N., and refer to young birds fully reared. R. Sueeirr, CLEETHORPES. Lesser Grey-headed Guan (Ortalis vetula)—2. White-throated (Spermophila albigularis) Grey Finch (S. grisea)—1. T, Hess, Luron Peach-faced Lovebirds (Agapornis roscico.lis)—S, Editorial. 375 Zebra Finches (Taeniopygia castanotis )—numerous. Red Avadavats (Sporaeginthus amandava). Green Avadavats (Stictospiza formosa). Cordor. Bleus (EHstrilda phoenicotis). Bib Finches (Spermestes nana). H. Briaut, LivERPoou. Diamond Finches (Steganopleura guttata). Red-headed Finch (Amadina erythrocephala) X Cutthroat (A. fasciata)—3 Zebra Finches (Taeniopygia castanotis). Cubar Finches (Phonipara canora). Magpie Mannikins (Amauresthes fringilloides)—2. Gouldian Finches (Poephila gouldiae). Diamond Doves (Geopelia cuncata). Red Mountain Doves (Geolrygon montana). Dr. J. EAston Scorr, WALLINGTON. Gouldian Finches (Poephila gouldiae)—5. Firefinches (Lagonosticta senegalis)—3. Hybrid Black-headed Siskin X Canary—15 during the season. Miss E. F. CHAwNER, LYNDHURST. Hybrid St. Helena Seed-eater (Serinus flaviventris) < Linnet (Linota cannabina)—2. Zebra Finches—5. W. O. Montcommry, HornseEa. Californian Quail (Lophortyx californica)—3, second brood. Olive Finches (Phonipara lepida).—2. Bib Finches (Spermestes nana)—2. Spice Finches (Munia punctulata). Orange-cheeked Waxbills (Sporaeginthus melpodus). Red Avadavats (S. amandava). Spice Finch * Bengalese hybrids. Silverbill X Bengalese hybrids. Rev. G. H. Raynor, HAzeLEIaH. Gouldian Finches (Poephila gouldiae)—4. Rev. E. P. GorRincr, STURMINSTER NEWTON. Silverbills (Aidemosyne cantans)—3. Zebra Finches (Taeniopygia castanotis)—2. Bib Finches (Spermestes nana)—1. Dr. Lovenu-KnAys, East Hoatruny. Rosella Parrakeets (Platycercus cximius), second brood. Zebra Finches (Taeniopygia castanotis), several broods. Cuban Finches (Phonipara canora)—3. Mexican Rosefinches (Carpodacus mexicana)—2. Cordon Bleus (Estrilda phoenicotis). Red Avadavats (Sporaeginthus amandava). Fire Finches (Lagonosticta senegalis). Diamond Doves (Geopelia cuncata). 376 Editorial. Californian Quail (Lophortyx californ‘ca). Passerine Parrakeet (Psitlacula passerina)—1. Long-tailed (Poephila acuticauda) >< Masked Grassfinch (P. personata)—2. Green Avadavat (St clospiza Jormosa)—2. C. E. Croker, Lower Bourne. Quaker Parrakeets (Myopsittacvs monachus )—2, second brood. Chaffinches (Fringilla coelcbs)—2. Ribbon Finches (Amadina fasciala). W. T. Pacn, Mirenam. Black Tanager (Tachyphonus melaleucus )—2. Napoleon Weaver (Pyromelana afra)—1. J. SmiryH, KENDAL. Magpie Mannikins—4. The above records do not include such as have previously ap- peared as articles. We recently were privileged to visit the aviaries of Mrs Lee, Mr. W. H. Fisher and Mr. C. EH. Croker, all of whom have interesting series of birds; a description will appear in a near issue. THe L.M.T. Crrppies’ Hospitan AvrArtus: We recent- ly visited these aviaries and found birds and aviaries in good order. Red-billed Weavers (two broods) have been success- fully reared again this season together with other species. Success was nearly achieved by the Yellow Bunting, but full details will be given in a near issue. The following giits of birds have been recently sent by some of our members to whom we tender our best thanks. 1 Cockateel (Q)—Dr. L. Lovell-Keays. Zebra Finches—Miss E. Lucas. Cactus Conure—Lady Edith Douglas Pennant: Nenday Parrakeet—Lady Edith Douglas Pennant. Cockateel (Q)—Lady Edith Douglas Fennant. Zebra Finch—Rev. J. Faterson. Silverbills—Rev. J. Faterson. Bengalese—Rev. J. Paterson. pair Indigo Buntings—Rev. J. Paterson. Green Singingfinch (c’)—Rev. J. Paterson. 1 Grey Singingfinch (9)—Rev. J. Paterson. Other gifts of Farrakeets, Finches, ete., will be grate- fully acknowledged by the Trustees. Re RFK OR RK eR eK DO ——-—— © — oe Correspondence. 377 Correspondence. NESTING NOTES. Sir,—In response to your request for results, the following are my records for the season to date : Zebra Finches (T'ceniopygia castanotis)—several broods reared. Flame-shouldered Troupials (Agclacus humeralis)—nested, but did not lay American Robin (Turdus migrctorius)—one young bird reared. Ovange-headed Ground Thrush (G.oc‘chla citrina)—two young reared. Sealy-tronted Finches (Sporopipes squamifrons)—numerous clutches, did not rear. Teach-faced Lovebirds (Agapornis roscicollis)—several clutches, young now in nest. Blue-winged Sivas (Siva cyanuroptera)—built nests only. Common Waxbills (Estrilda e’nerea)—three broods reared. Violet-eared Waxbil's (Granatina granatina)—reared young to twelve days, then cock died. Diamona Deves (Geopelia cuncata)—numerous young reared. African Finch-larks—nested and laid a clutch of eggs, but did not hatch out. Golden-fronted Fruitsuckers (Chloropsis aurifrons)—built nest only. Eten, 12/10/14. (Dr.) M. AMSLER. | — Birds of the Jielum District and an Ornithol- ogical Diary from the Punjab. re als \Wanaisimonoi Males ME Je3-O) UI 4 July 29.—Visited a large flood of canal water, which had been al- lowed to overflow into a field of coarse grass mixed with bushes, in the middle of which there is normally a small pool. Here I found a pair of that handsome Duck the Spot-bill (Anas poecilorhyncha) who allowed me to ap- proach quite close before they rose. This is one of the very few specics of Duck that nest in India; they are known to breed in this district. Some way off, where the water was more shallow I found a number of White Ibis (bis melanocephala) feeding in company with several Cattle Kegvets (Bubuleus coromandus) and Pond Herons ¢Ardeolw grayi). With them were a flock of about 20 Wood- Sandpipers (Totanus glareola) newly arrived on migration. Over the water a large bird of prey was beating up and down, and as I could not quite make out the species, I shot if and found I had seeured a young Brahminy Kite (Haliastur indus), very different in its dull livery of rich browns to the highly coloured chestnut and white of the a- 378 Birds of the Jhelum District. dult. Some other birds seen in the distance were probably of the same species, and an adult was reported to me next day, so there are probably a number in now on migration. The stomach of the bird shot was crammed with insects, which included dragon-flies ! Some Rose-coloured Pastors were seen, besides two huge flocks of birds that were either Parrots or Bank Mynahs. Several Tree-Warblers, similar to those of yesterday. A White-necked Stork noted. July 30.—Worked a large extent of grass and bush-covered jungle, in the Government Farm Bir, where the most interesting find was a male of the Bristled Grass-Warbler (Chactornis locustelloides)—a curious Babbler-like Warbler, 8} inches long, with 5 rictal bristles placed vertically before the eye. This is the first time that I have met the species, which does not seem to have been previously recorded so far to the North-west. I flushed it from a bush at my feet, and flying a short way it settled on the tip of another bush, where it sat watching me without any of the shyness of the Reed Warbler... Near the same place a pair of very brilliantly col- oured quail got up, but I do not iknow the species nor could I secure one of them. This type of jungle affords a refuge for hundreds of small Wren-Warblers and JI found nests with eggs of the Rufous-fronted Wren-Warbler (Franklinia buchanani), the Indian Wren-Warbler (Prinia inornata) and the Rufous Fantail-Warbler (Cisticola cursitans). A neat nest built between two leaves (which had been sewn together after the manner of the Tailor-Bird), probably belonged to the Ashy Wren-Warbler (Prinia socialis), but it was empty. It is interesting to note that in this undisturbed jungle the Weaver birds (Ploceus baya) build their nests on quite low bushes, where they can be reached from the ground. In the cultivation near my bungalow they build in tall trees. In this part of the jungle there is a large tank of shallow water, mostly overgrown by tall elephant grass. This grass at dusk was full of Ploceus baya, common House Sparrows, and a few Avadavats (Sporaeginthus' amandava) who kept up a continuous twittering. On the weeds of the jheel were a few Pheasant-tailed Jacanas (Hydrophasianus chirurgus) which is, I believe, only a Rains visitor here. A small Bittern seen appeared to be Ardetta cinnamomea . July 31.—Four fresh eggs of the Black-headed Mynah (Temenuchus Birds of the ‘Jhelum District. 379 pagodarum) found in a nesting hole of a Barbet, which I had opened a month or two ago. The hole was about a foot deep, situated on the under side of a sloping bough of a Kikur tree, and I had opened out the greater portion of it, leaving only the actual chamber and a couple of inches of the passage. In this the Mynahs had laid a few small green leaves and a piece or two of grass, and laid their eggs in most dangerous proximity to the open air. A slight increase in the number of Rose-coloured Pastors noted. RESUME OF THE MONTH. The chief feature of the month, of course, has been the number of birds which were breeding, but in addition to this there have been {races of a certain amount of migration. As far as I can make out, this migration has been of two kinds, Firstly a certain number of species (most of which probably commenced arriving last month) have arrived as Rains visitors and as some of these, I believe, come here for breeding purposes, this movement must be considered in the light of belated spring migration. As examples may be mentioned the cases of Coceystes jacob/nus, Coturnix coromandelicus, and perhaps Hydro- phasianus chirurgus. In addition to the above a considerable number of birds have arrived as fore-runners of the great passage. Of these the most notable are Pastor roscus, who have steadily increased in numbers towards the end of the month. Another good example is given by Tolanus glareola and Hypola's rama. Unexpected and unusually carly migrants were the Wagtails noted on July 20th. These must be regarded as stragglers. A certain number of Totanus ochropus were seen during the month, but these may have been some of the many non-breeding in- dividuals, which undoubtedly summer every year in India. 5 AUGUST. Augus! 1.—Found a nest of the Common Coucal or Crow-Pheasant (Cen- tropus snensis) containing three fresh eggs. This was a ta} large domed structure of dead reed-like grasses, without any lining, placed in the top (about six feet from the ground) of a clump of spear grass in a small overgrown pit by the railway. Four eggs in a nest of the Common Babbler (Argya caudata), placed in a low thorn bush. Several pairs of Grey Partridges (Francolinus pondi- cerianus) noted with one or two young birds. Very few birds seem to be able, thanks to Jackals, Foxes and Cats, 380 Birds of the Jhelum District. to bring up more than one or two young from each brood, but those young birds that are reared prove themselves (thanks to natural se'ection) cntirely worthy of their crafty parents. I shot a female Bristled Grass-Warbler (Chaztornis locustello‘des) which from its incubation patch, was clearly a nesting bird, but a careful search in the neighbouring grass and bushes failed to discover the nest. A single Common Sandpiper (Totanus hypoleucus) noted was the first of the autumn migration. Two Painted Storks (Pseudotantalus leucocephalus), one Black-necked Stork (Xenorhynchus asiaticus), several White-necked Storks (Dissura episcopis), and some White Ibis (Ibis melanocephalus) noted. A Cormorant seen flying over high was _ probably Phalacrocorax carbo. August 2.—There are now about many Tree-Warblers (Hypolais rama and H. caligata) which remained about until the end of the month. They creep about in bushes and trees uttering a harsh chipping note, and are very difficult to identify with certainty. August 3.—Went to Barwahla and back by train, noting from the windows some Coursers, probably Cursorius coromandelicus, and some Rufous-tailed Finch-Larks (Ammomanes phocni- cura). August 7.—A male Lesser Floriken (Syphoctis auritus) was seen in the Bir and reported to me. I saw a Raven by the city—the first that I have seen for a long time. Some Swallows noted that were perhaps Hirundo rustica. August 8.—Four fresh eggs of the Black-headed Mynah (Temenuchus pagodarum) found in a nest which was situated in the slanting trunk of a Kikur tree about 15 feet from the ground. The hote, which was about a foot deep, was on the upper surface of the bough. The nest was composed of fine stems mixed with a few feathers. A Nightjar flying by my house in the evening. August 10.—Saw a Magpie-Robin (Copsychus saularis) for the first time in this place. August 11.—A few Wagtails seen; probably all specimens of the Large Pied Wagtail (Motacilla maderaspatensis). Very few have been seen for some time. Many White Ibis noted; also a single specimen of the Painted Stork (Pseudotantalus leucocephalus). Birds of the Jhelum District. 381 August 12.—A Red-headed Merlin (Aesalon chicquera) and a Nightjar noted near my house. ‘August 13.—Drove out to some bush jungle filled with luxuriant grass and other undergrowth, where I found numbers of Tree- Warblers, apparently both Sykes’ (Hypolais rama) and the Booted Tree-Warbler (H. caligata), which were in the bushes and in the grass. Here also were a fair number of White-eyed Buzzards (Butastin teesa), while in the shorter grass were a few Rain Quail (Coturnix coromandelica) and Button Quail (Turnix dussumieri). Two Green Sand- pipers noted. August 14.—Under a canal culvert I found a nest of the Wire-tailed Swallow (Hirundo smithii) which was a fairly deep saucer of mud, similar to that of Hirundo rustica, except that it was attached by one edge to the lower surface of the arch of the culvert and not supported underneath by any projection. It contained unfeathered young. Also unfinished nests of the Rufous Fantailed Warbler (Cisticola cursitans) and the Rufous-fronted Wren-Warbler (Frank- linia buchanani) found. A Wagtail noted was apparently the Masked Wagtail (Motacilla personata). August 15.—A Crested Honey-Buzzard (Pernis cristatus), noted near my bungalow. What was perhaps the same bird was noted about on several subsequent days until the 27th, when I shot and skinned it. The bird proved to be an immature female and its stomach contained honeycomb and vegetable matter. Several Finch-larks (Ammomanes phoenicura and Phyr- rhulauda grisea) noted about. Also a White Ibis and a King Vulture (Otogyps calvus). To be continued. 4 Post Mortem Reports. SoutH AMERICAN HAwrincH. (The Hon. M. Hawke, Tad- caster). The cause of death was pneumonia. PaRADISE WuyYDAH. Geo. Scott Freeland, Tonbridge. Cause of death, pneumonia. Sunpirp (QQ). (B. T. Stewart, Glenhurst, Radlett, Herts). Cause of death, exhaustion following epileptic seizure. The lungs were congested . -GOLDEN-FRONTED SuNnBIRD. (Miss Augusta Bruce, Wake- field). Cause of death, pneumonia. 382 Post Mortem Reports. ZeBRA Fincu. (Miss Clara Bowring, Worcestershire). Cause of death, pneumonia. : NECKLACE TANAGER (CG). (B. Steed, Sudbury). Cause of death, cardiac failure. Grey Srngine-Fincu. (Theo. Foster, Babbacombe, Devon). Cause of death, pneumonia. GOLDEN-BREASTED WAXBILL. (Mrs. Williams, Exeter). Cause of death, acute yellow atrophy of liver. Gounpian Fincu (Q). (B. Steed, Sudbury). Cause of death, pneumonia. Canary. (8S. Williams, Edmonton). The bird died from enteritis. YELLOW BupGHRicaR. (Mrs. Davies, Warrington). The bird was too fat; its liver was almost all fat. No doubt death was due to syncope. WEAVER and THrusH. (D. Mason, Broadstairs). Cause of death pneumonia . Youne GouprincH. (Dr. Geo. Masters, Bury-St.-Edmunds). ‘The cause of death was coccidial enteritis. BLUE-WINGED LovepirD. (Mrs. E. Travis, Stourbridge). The cause of death was a septicaemia, which is very common in such birds, and manifests itself soon after purchase from not too sanitary bird- shops. It was a male. LAVENDER Finco. (W. A. Swayne, 29, Percy Place, Dublin). Cause of death, acute enteritis. Answered by post—Miss Violet F. Blandford; Geo. Scott Freeland; Mrs. Turner-Turner. HENRY GRAY, M.R.C.V\S. BIRD NOTEs. Humming Birds. Drawn from life. 1. Ruby Crest (Chrysolampis moschitus). 2. The Amazilis ¢ & ? (Amazilia felicivoe). 3. Prevost’s Mango ¢ & 2 (Lampornis prevosti). All rights reserved. DrecremMBer, 1914. BIRD NOTES: —— THE —— JOURNAL OF THE FOREIGN BIRD CLUB Birds Seen During A Trip To The West Indies. By Had. Brook EZiS: I have just returned from the West Indies after a most delightful and interesting trip. I am afraid I cannot write a good article on the birds I saw, as I kept no notes, having put pen to paver as little as possible while travelling, and for that reason these notes have been held back a considerable time [dated Marcn 7th, 1914.—Ep.]. The Birds in Jamaica were disappointing; the Mongoose has, I am informed, destroyed many of them. The most beautiful were, of course, the Humming Birds, of whicl. there are three species on the island, viz.: Mango Humming Bird (Lampornis mango)—Total Length 5ins., tail 1#ins. Long-tailed Humming Bird (Trochilus polytmus)—Total Jength 10ins., tail Vins. Vervain Humming Bird (Mcllisuga humilis)—Total length 22ins., tail in. I saw two of these constantly, and, I think, I once caught sight of the third or rarer species (The Mango). Among the Mangrove Swamps, on the north coast of the Island, the small Blue Heron (Ardea caerulea), and a large white bird, that I took for a Spoon-bill, were constantly seen. About the verandahs of the Hotel at Montego Bay were the Banana Bird (Icterus leucopteryx), and the All- Black Grackle (Nesopsar nigerrimus). A very common Grackle is the Tinkling Grackle (Quwisce- alus crassirostris), which is strictly protected by everyone, owing to its usefulness in destroying the ticks, which infest the grass and do a great deal of damage to horses and cattle. At Castleton Gardens I saw that beautiful little bird the Jamaican Tody (Todus viridis), they are reported as 384 Birds Seen During a Trip to the West Indies. being common, but I only saw this one specimen. The following extracts are from Gosse’s “ Birds of Jamaica’: “ Always conspicuous from its bright grass-green coat, and “crimson-velvet gorget, if is still a very tame bird; yet this seems rather the tameness of indifference than of confidence; it will allow a person to approach very near, and, if disturbed, alight on another ‘twig a few yards distant. We have often captured specimens with the insect net, and struck them down with a switch.” “Tt is a general favourite, and has received a favourite name, “that of Robin Redbreast.” “T have never seen the Tody on the ground; but it hops about the twigs of low trees searching for minute insects, occasionally uf- ‘tering a querulous, sibilant note. But more commonly it is seen sitting patiently on a twig, with its head drawn in, the beak pointing upwards, the loose plumage pulfed out, when it appears much larger* than if really is. But this abstraction is more apparent than real ; “if we watch it, we shall see that the odd-looking grey eyes are ‘glancing hither and thither, and that, ever and anon, the bird sallies out upon a short feeble flight, snaps at something in the air, and re- “turns to his twig to swallow it.” “T have never seen the Tody eating vegetable food; but I have occasionally found in its stomach, among minute coleopterous and hymenopterous insects a few small seeds. One, which I kept in a ‘cage, would snatch worms from me with impudent audacity ; and then beat them violently against the perch or sides of the cage to divide ‘before he swallowed them.” “One, captured with a net in April, on being turned into a “room, began immediately to catch flies, and other minute insects that flitted about, pariieularly little Tineidae that infested my dried birds. At this employment he continued incessantly, and most successfully, all that evening, and all the next day from earliest dawn to dusk. and although I took no account, I judged that on an average, he made a capture per minute.” “As it sits on a twig in the verdure of spring, its grass-green coat is sometimes undistinguishable from the leaves in which it is embowered, itself looking like a leaf; but a little change of position. ‘bringing its throat into the sun’s rays, the light suddenly gleams as from a glowing coal. Occasionally too, this crimson plumage is puffed out into a globose form, when its appearance is particularly beau- Seaview { “The Tody, as has been long known, builds in holes in the “earth, in the manner of the Kingfisher. . . . . . . The combination of circumstances that make up a fit nesting place for it, may be well “understood from the following selection of a burrow, by a pair of “birds, in the garden of a friend. A box filled with earth had been “placed on tressels within water, for growing lettuces from seed, or * Total lenght 4tins., tail 13. Birds Seen During a Trip to the West Indies. 385 “rather for sowing the seed, while vegetating, from the depredations “of ants. The box had performed its office ;—the lettuces had been “transplanted, and the mould remained in undisturbed fallow. The box “having a knot-hole in the side, through this hole a pair of Todies “burrowed a gallery into the heart of the mould, built a nest, and “rearea a family of young ones. .... . . On opening the earth “after the young had fled, there was found a capacious winding gallery “into the centre of the box, enling in a cireular lodging, in which was “contained the nest, composed of fibrous roots and cotton.” The Parrots, I believe, are not very common in Jamaica, though Gosse includes the following :— Yellow-headed Macaw (? Ara tricolor )=(Ara gossii). Yellow-bellied Parroquet (Conurus flaviventer)=(C. nanus). Black-billed Parrot (Psiltacus agilis)=(Chrysotis agilis). Yellow-billed Parrot (Psittacus leucocephalus)=(Chry. leucoce- phalus). I only saw one pair, viz.: The Yellow-bellied Parrot (Conurus nanus), and these curiously enough, at a_ place where, I believe, they are not often seen, at a beautiful spot near Bog Walk. The Red-headed Turkey-Buzzards (Calthartes aura) are seer everywhere and are preserved as scavengers. Along the roads one is always seeing various kinds of very pretty Doves and Pigeons, I am not quite sure what species I saw, but, I think, they were: Pea Dove (4enaida amabilis), Passerine Ground Dove (Chamaepelia passerina, and another of a rich chocolate colour, probably the Partridge Dove (Geotrygon montana). The sea birds most in evidence here and in other parts of the West Indies are, the Frigate Bird and the Brown Pelican (Pelecanus fuscus); the latter is a quaint bird that always seems to commence fishing when the daily breeze springs up. Anything more clumsy than the way the Pelican catches fish can hardly be imagined. The bird seems to suddenly collapse while in flight, and tumble into the sea; it then sits on the water looking the picture of misery, and with ar expression that seems to say, ‘‘ Another sell, what a fool I made of myself again,” but it has swallowed a fish all the same. From Jamaica the next place visited was Colon and the Panama Canal. What a paradise for water-fowl that enormous artificial lake will be! Small Blue Herons, White 386 Birds Seen During a Trip to the West Indies. Herons, and others are numerous, also Grebes and other water- fowl. Along the railway line various bright coloured birds were occasionally seen; mostly I think Tanagers and Fly- catchers, but the windows of a train are not the best places to study bird life from. At Cartagena and Puerto Colombia all one saw con- sisted of a few sea birds, and the numerous Yellow-fronted Amazon-Parrots brought to the ship for sale. I was much struck by the healthy and clean condition of these birds, which seemed to show that they were well treated by their owners. An amusing sight was a crate full of Parrots, on top of which was a tame monkey; a friendship had sprung up between one of the birds and the monkey, and while the latter would play all sorts of fricks on the other Parrots, it diligently scratched the head of its friend in the most solemn manner possible. A deplorable sight was the number of Egret plumes brought on board for sale, and, when some of the passengers objected, the usual tale was told about the feathers being gathered at moulting time from Heronries where these birds were strictly preserved. I asked a gentleman who had lived many years in Colombia if there was any truth in this story. He laughed at the suggestion as absurd. Of course, this story of preserved colonies of the White Heron is quite untrue, and is told to try and hide the unspeakable cruelty attached to the trade in this article of female adornment. Trinidad was the most interesting place for birds I stayed at, and there I saw far more kept as pets than any- where else. The bird-keeping people in this island seemed to be mostly East Indians; the negro does not seem to care much for pets. There are also a large number of Chinese, who are, of course, great bird lovers. The birds usually seen caged are: Common Hangnests, Amazon-Parrots, Maroon and Violet Tanagers and some small Finches. Here, as elsewhere, the dense jungle makes it difficult to see the birds, but every now and then in the course of a journey through the island, Maroom Tanagers, Kingfishers, Flycatchers, and other bright and interesting birds are to be seen. Birds Seen During a Trip to the West Indies. 387 At the Queen’s Park Hotel, at Port of Spain, a pair of Tanagers of a dull green colour and blackish wings were feeding on the fruit of a palm of some sort; the hen had the misfortune to fly against the branch of a tree and kill herself the day before I left. The loathsome looking Turkey-Buz- zard (C. atratus) is here, as elsewhere in the West Indies, protected as a scavenger, but the species seen in Trinidad is the dark-headed one, and not the red-headed as seen in Jamaica. Humming Birds are numerous, wherever any honey- bearing flowers are in bloom, and buzz about as if in a state of perpetual motion. It is quite evident that anyone visiting this part of the world must not expect to see quantities of birds wherever he goes; the jungle is their home and there most of them remain. No doubt if anyone likes to rise early, and perhaps travel far to some secluded spot he will be amply rewarded; the birds are there, but the thing is to see them, and, to do this, it is necessary to be awake as early as they are, and to be in their haunts soon after daybreak. Parrot Finches (Erythrura). By Werstny T. Pacsz, F.Z.S., Etc. (Continued from page 357). THE THREE-COLOURED Parrot-rincH (E. trichroa). This species has always been quite rare on the English: Bird-market, and, I think, Mrs. Johnstone was the first to possess it. Her specimens were collected and brought over personally by our member, Mr. Walter Goodfellow, with other rare birds, from New Guinea. Various IMPRESSIONS OF THE SPECIES:— 1. Rather timid and placid birds, have a very rapid flight, which is not very often indulged in. Quite inoffensive with other birds. The hen differs from the male in her slightly duller colouration. 2. lLethargic, wild when aviary was entered, and apt to become very sat. Amiabie in demeanour. Capable of 388 Parrot Finches. wintering out of doors if there is a good shelter attached to the aviary. There is no need to increase these impressions as all bear a strong family likeness to those already given. Mrs. Johnstone found them to be free breeders and she also successfully crossed them with the Common. Parrot- Finch. (The resultant hybrids possessed bluish heads and a red throat, thus readily distinguishing them from the species). This species has also been bred quite freely on the Conti- nent, some of which have reached this country, and being related birds probably accounts for some having had but poor success with the species. In 1910 our member Mr. W. R. Temple had nine young birds of this species fully reared in his aviary. Dr. Amsler has also bred the species, but he has already recorded his experience with this and other Parrot-Finches. Though not so brilliantly coloured as the Common Parrot-Finch, the Three-coloured is very pleasing in its softly blended garment of green, blue, and red. It only needs to be more freely imported for it to become a general favourite THE PIN-TAILED PARROT-FINCH (EH. prasina). It is to be regretted that so beautiful and freely imported a species is not longer lived in captivity, as though there are notable imstances of longevity, the majoricy of aviculturists look long at their money, moderate as the price is, before parting: with it for newly imported specimens of this species, and notwithstanding the lengthy period it has been known to captivity and kept, the record and experience of loss, has, as yet, thrown but little light as to the causation thereof. Personally, I must confess that I have had very few of this species and most of the specimens which have come my way have been established birds which I have given a home to; most of these had generally been more than a year, some two or three in captivity, but three years was the longest a specimen has lived with me, most joining the majority within a year; however, they all had to take their chance with other Finches out of doors during the summer months and to share an indoor flight with small soft-bills during the winter, The one which lived three years with Parrot Finches. 389 me spent the whole period out of doors, never looking in any but © spick and span” condition, and was so when picked up one summer-day dead. However, I have never seriously attempted to acclimatise the species, and therefore shall not attempt to dogmatise. I may have formed conclusions from others failures and successes, but this is not the time to ex- press them, as I want our members who have kept this species to describe fully their methods, success, or failure or both. I am pleased that Mr. Bainbridge has kindly written a rather encouraging paper of his attempts with the species, Dr. Amsler has already done so, and as both he and Mr. Temple have all but succeeded in breeding the species, we may reasonably hope that, in the not distant future the mystery, re the well-being of this species in captivity may be cleared up. Having a wide range, there is more than the usual colour variation with this species, and there are two types, oi male, the one which we will call the normal, so well known to all, and the other with the rump and abdominal patch golden-ochre, less blue on the forehead, breast washed with smoky-grey, the lower hal: of tail biackish and the green of the upper surface much darker than that of the normal type; there are also intermediate phases between these two. There are also several colour forms of the female, which point to the fact that there are similar divergencies, with possibly two distinct types, in both sexes of the Pin- tailed Parrot-Finch. PIN-TAILED PARROT-FINCH. By W. A. BAINBRIDGE. The Fin-tail (Nonpareil) Parrot-Finch according to the experience of most aviculturists is one, if not, the most difficult of seed-eaters to acclimatise; it arrives at the dealers to all outward appearances in the most perfect health and con- dition, and yet in a tew days’ time it is dead. Two years ago I purchased two pairs as far as I could see they were perfect; next day a hen died. I pur- chased another, then a cock died, again I made up my two pairs, and then they began to de in earnest and I| refrained 390 Parrot Finches. from purchasing any more, and within ten days of my first buying them none were left. A year ago De Von and Co. had another consignment and I of course went to see them, determined not to buy. Now the Pintail (Nonpareil) Parrot-Finch is a beauti- ful bird, to my mind even more beautiful than the Gouldian Finch, and when you get beauty coupled with apparent health one’s good intentions are inclined to go to the wall; mine did at any rate, and I bought three pairs. On arriving home common sense returned and [ knew perfectly well that I had to deal with birds that were in all probability in ill health, however well they looked, so decided to treat them as if they were. These birds are probably brought over in over-crowded and dirty cages, which means that they in all probability eat a lot of filth with their seed that can do them no good, and which would certainly give them stomach trouble, and so for this I treated them. I at once gave them a mild aperient mixed in warm water for the purpose of taking away at once as much as possible of the matter which would cause the trouble, and then after an hour or so took the drinking water away. In another two hours, more or less, I returned their water dish, this time adding to it a fairly strong dose of Ditch- field’s Tonic Drops; this was given warm, the object to sup- ply a tonic to the system and something to cure the stomach trouble if it existed. The mixture was renewed, when it got cold for the first few days, when I only gave it every other day and did not trouble to warm it except for the first drink in the morning. As to food, they had paddy rice ad. lib., a little canary, white and Indian millet, all of which were eaten, and when they would eat them mealworms were given. The result of all this was tbat at the end of a week only one had died and I was greatly encouraged and decided to buy some more, one cock and two hens presumably, as I bought young birds which are difficult to sex. I now had four pairs and of these I lost one more ‘fi 1? wg 9 LOY Sie SM / “q 0 1 Ud ; asu e eal {Sv 307 029 4 uo os ho H W as ALON auld Parrot Finches. 391 bird, and some time later gave one pair to a friend, which left me with two cocks and three hens. All these, including the pair I gave away, are still alive and very fit indeed, at least all except one hen, which escaped three months ago, and was never seen again. Of course, I may have been lucky, but I do think it advisable to start with the idea that your birds are ailing, keep them warm and doctor them accordingly. I may say, that when spring came round they were put intc the aviary, and from then onwards scarcely any paddy rice was eaten, so little in fact that I gave up supply- ing it: they did quite well without, and were amongst the mest conspicuous birds in the aviary, and generally on view, which is more than can be said for the Common Parrot-Finch. I incline to the belief that there are two kinds of Pintail Parrot-Finches for this reason. I had two certain hens, both had moulted with me, in one the upper tail coverts were bright red, and in the other a sort of dull yellow-orange colour, and again, if the cock figured in our plate in October issue is correct, as to the extent of the blue, mine were quite different. having the blue right down to the red; I may add that I bought one as an adult and one in immature plumage, which is that of the female. To be continued. Sa A Journey Across the Sierras, S. California. By Wm. SHorer Batty. (Continued from page 370). After having descended about 1,000 feet from th ridge, where we had taken our lunch, we camped at a Mexican rest-house. The canyon here was but little more than one hundred yards wide. On the right of the track the mountain rose steeply for a thousand feet or more, while onthe left it dropped twice this distance to the bed of a small stream, There was literally no camping ground, so we had to avail ourselves of the Mexican’s barn, and camp there. When buying bread I noticed two nests of the Red-headed Linnet in the creeper round the house, and I also heard a Robin singing close to it. We were aroused early the next morning by the 392 Im and about the Station, 259% i 3) of the Jhelum) District; S88. 1275 LOOM ROSS SD Oem oon Bei, Be of Paradise at Little Tobago, 335, 371. 3 on Buena) Vista Wakes ole 719) ,. seen during a Trip to the West Indies, 383 Black-faced Waxbill, 105. Black Tanager, 282. Blue Budgerigars, 25-7, 62. Book Notices and Reviews, 99, 135, 406. Breeding Alexandrine Parrakeets, 217. All-Green Parrakeets, 347. 9 Black Tanagers, 282. i *Blue Budgerigars, 62. 5 Cactus Conures, 347, 349. mA Cross-bred Goldfinches, 267. or Hooded Siskins, 267. . Hybrid Bengalese X Bib Finch, 114. sis Hybrid Greenfinch & Sikhim Siskin, 216. sf Mealworms, 57-9. 59 Mealy Rosella Parrakects, 218. 5 Orange-checked Waxbills, 269. aa Plumed Ground-Doves, 125. Pr Results, 17, 43, 48. Results in my Aviaries, 43, Index to Titles of Articles. 409 *Breeding Results 1913, 140. *Results 1914, 278. Sulphury Sced-eaters, 264. ” Bringing Home Foreign Birds, 243. British Bird Calendar, 29, 173, 207, 281. C. Club Dinner, 209. Club Meetings, British Museum, 59. Cockatoos, Some Experiences of, 183, 218, 254, 287, 322. Correspondence, 31, 60, 102, 140, 173, 207, 278, 312, 337, 402 1D). Ducorps’ Cockatoo, 73. E. Haster Tour Among Members’ Aviaries, 152, 175, 229, 249, 291, 330, 360. Editorial, 28, 137, 170, 205, 245, 276, 374, 404. Enquiry, An, 278. Errata, 104, 169, 172, 212, 243, 278. 1% Fascinating Bird, A, 22-5. First Year of a Sussex Aviary, The, 394. *Plycatcher, Red-breasted, 60-2. From All Sources, 139. G. Genu; Brotogerys, 278. Greenfinch < Sikhim Siskin Hybrids, 216. lL *Hand-rearing of Swifts, 102. Hawking Episode, 122. Heat for Ailing Birds, 20-2, *312. Heron v. Eel Duel, 370. Himalayar. Siskin, 27. *Homing Instinct, 102, 338. Humming Birds in Europe, 138, 170. *Hybrid Bulbuls, 403. *Fieldfare X Missel Thrush, 279, *Mannikins, 32, *Quail, 31, » ” ” 410 Index to Titles of Articles. Hybrids, 248. *402. a Fertile, 248. *Is the Cuckoo less common? 207. Jackson’s Whydah in Captivity, 193. Journey Across the Sierras, 298, 317, 366, 391. Thy. List of Species Capable of Wintering Out of Doors, 358 M. Mealworms, Breeding of, 57-9. *Moth: at Ivy Blossom, 339. N. *Nest, An Interesting, 280. Nesting Notes, 171, 205, 245, 277, 281, 374. 3 ,, *from Woburn Abbey, 279. 50 55 Pu BU. a of Abyssinian Weaver, 306. = », Black Seed-Finch, 265. 5 , Blue Sugarbird, 225. x », Dwarf Weavers, 305. is ,, *Red-collared Lorikeets, 313. Niltava, The Large, 33-5. <5 fiufous-bellied, 115, 213. *Notes of Birds of Brit. Solomon Islands, 208. Notices, 278. Nuthatches, 273. OF *Observation, An Interesting, 280. Old and The New, The, 76. Origin of New Breeds, 139. Ornithological Diary from the Punjab, 88, 127, 160, 199, 235, 307, 339), Ba, Bez. 12. Parrot-Finches, 315-7, 350-3, 387-9. am » Pinatiled, 389-91. 5 5 Three Common Species of, 356-9. pe , *Tri-coloured, 402, Index to Titles of Articles. Post Mortem Reports. 32, 63, 103, 211, 248, 406. ” ” ” . 1B *Rare Visitor, A, 32. *Re Breeding of Blue Budgerigars, 62. Rearing of Bulbul Hybrids, 302. * ,. *Black-cheeked Lovebirds, by hand, 314, 337. 5 ,, *Combasou, 338. Recent Arrivals of Birds of Paradise, etce., 346. Report, 1914, 405. *Results, 1913, 31. Reviews and Notices, 99, 135, 406. Rufous-bellied Niltava, 115, 213. 8. Secret of Keeping Gouldian Finches, 117, 149, 151. Sex Distinctions in Rosella Parrakeets, 170, 198. Shows. L.C.B.A., 1913, 1-17. ni L.C.B.A., 1914, 404. si IIe Ose, Wel Eee Sikhim Siskin, 278. Silverbill, The, 84. 3 Hybrids, 140. Silver-eared Mesia, 281. Some Punjab River Birds, 35, 68. Speckled Conure, 143. Starting an Aviary, 45-8. Streaky-headed Grosbeak, 137. Sunbirds’ Aviary, 283. Tanager, The Black, 282. *Tri-coloured Parrot-Finch, 402. We Value of Heat for Ailing Birds, 20-2, *312. W. Weavers and Whydahs, 145, 214, 266. Where There’s a Will There’s a Way, 275. Z. Zoo Notes, 276, (pink paper inset), 18. 35, 41, 55. 411 419 Index to Genera and Species. Index to Genera and Species. = 6 agilis, Chry., 385. A. 250. my Loy BSD). abyssinicus, Hyp., 216, 526. Aidemosyne cantans, 49, 84, 375. Acanthis cannabina — fring'llirostris, malabarica,, 84. MUSA. Alauda arborea, 231. vA fringillirostris, 169. a arvensis, 94, 128, 131, 231. Accentor collaris, 231. = gulgula, 94, 130. modular.s, 231. Alaudulu adamsi, 133, 168 Aceipiter, nisus, 90. Alario alario, 178. Acredula caudata, 22, 231. alba alba, Mot., 90. Acridotheres ginginianus, 138, 310.) ,, Cir., 202. Wane, Wess, WS, Gok).|) 5, /alepi, 128), 03}. Acrocephalus dumetorum, 166; 2398| 5, Mok Te 7G bee ie 399. », personata, Mot., 90 ae stentorcus, 308 albellus, Mer., 92. acuta, Daf. 321. albeola, C., 54. acuticauda, Poe, 49, 147, 178, 250,| albicollis, Rhi., 92. 2, Be, BIO. 33 Rhi., 41, 68, 166. 6 Uro, 278. albifrons gambeli, A., 82. adamsi, Ala, 133, 168. albifrontata, Rhi., 92, 101. adelaidae, Pla., 19, 49. albiguluris, Sper., 374. Adelura caeruleiccphala, 95. albipennis, Pod., 93, 129. Aechmorhynchus occidentalis, 3800. | Alcedo ispida, 200. Aegialitis alewandrina, 93. ispida bengalensis, 89, 166. dubia, (2, 90) 92, WG4 \\alevyon) Cens olor DB - alexandri, Pal., 217. hiaticula, 73, 232 alpestris, Oct., 231, 301. vocifera,, 317. 7 TuOna, (Och voile Acginthus bellus, 250. alpina, Tri., 232. “9 temporal’s, 178. aluco, Syr., 251. acruginosus, Cir. 201, 307, 398,| amabilis, Zen., 385. 402. Amadina erythrocephala, SIGOe Aesalon chiequera, 92, 203, 29) jasciata, 49. 68, 375, 376 310, 311, 339, 342 |amandava, Spo., 176 243, 250, 334 381. 375, 378, 398. acsalon, Fal., 129, 167. Amauresthes fringilloides, 140, 176, Acthiopsar fuscus, 95, 131, 167. BHD Acthopyga nipalensis, 283. americana, F'., 82, 299. : saturata, 283. PA Mareca, 299. < scheriae, 283. - Marila, 54. Aex gale maa 276. 3 1s, NZ) afer, Cin., 284. amethystinus, Cin., 284. affinis, Cor., 169. Ammomanes phoenieura, 340, 341, Co jies WPT, LIPS), ilehil, Gil 380, 381. * Sy., 90, 128 wa phoenicuroides, 128. afra, Cha., 67. Ampelis garrulus, 176, 232, 252. ay (Pies, WED, UO, Zaley, Be. Anas boscas, 127, 321. Agapornis cana, 49, 180, 234, 250.| ,, poecilorhyncha, 377. nigrigenis, 44, 49, 180, » undulata, 276. 250. Anaslomus oscitans, 242. pullaria, 110. anglica, Ste., 165, 200. roseicollis 179, 252,| angolensis, Est., 178. SA OM te Anser albifrons gambeli, 82. Agelacus phocniceus, 88, 390. *, brachyrhynchus, 279. humeral’s, 377 ferus, 127, 130) , tricolor, 300. 5 indicus, 94, 130, Index to Genera and Species. Anthoscopus coronatus, 168. Anthropo:des leucauchen, 279. paradisea, 279. - ” Anthus obscurus, 231. » pratensis, 231. 4 richardi, 32. af similis, 165. > spipoletta, 94. a3 striolatus, 3438. trivialis, 169, 202, 204, 231 Antigone antigone, 279. a antigone, Grus., 240, 309, 312, 397 aolae, Nas., 208. ” 413 atratus, Cat., 387. atricipalla, Syl., 231. Fe Mus., 231. MAG i, 125, Saye TG ale y2- XOXO) atrigularis, M., 90, 127, 129, 169, 204. aiiunin (Ofekien xekode aura, Rhi., 299. aurantius, Bra., 163. aureus, C., 8, 180). auricomis, Pli., 276. aur.frons, Chl., 176, 377. aurita, Syp., 344, 380, 399. Qnitus, POd., Zac apiaster, Mer., 232. Auropasser, emini, 362. apoda, Par., 336. avocetta, Rec., 232. Aprosmictus eyanopygius, 250. axillaris, Col., 146, 266. aquaticus, Cin., 231. a Rate oar Be Aquila chrysaetos, 30. “3 windhiana, 89, 90, 130, 131,| badius, Ast., 91, 92, 204, 309. H6Oe Woes c43e banksii, Cal., 187. Ara ararauna, 45. barbatus, Gyp., 128. », gossii, 385. barnardi, Bar., 252. 5, macao, 45. Barnardius barnardi, 252. ,, tricolor, 385. ap zonarius, 252. Arachnechthra asiatica, 100, 165,| barrabandi, Pol., 279. 169, 192, 200, 240,| Bathilda ruficauda, 49, 142, 178, 283, O10, oil: ar zeylonica, 283. ararauna, Ara, 45. arborea, Ala, 231. Ardea caerulea, 383. me cunenca, Dl. 93, 95) 29) 203 Ardeola grayi, 165, 201, 241, 307. Bale Bley, aylel SIT Ardetta cinnamomea, 378. arenaria, Cal., 22. arenarius, Pte., 134. argentatus, Lar., 276. argentauris, Mes., 141, 252, 277. Argya caudata, 240, 242, 309, 311. aati sri). » malcolmi, 238, 339, 341, 343, 398. arquata, Num., 282. arundinacea, Syl., 231. arvensis, Ala., 94, 128, 131, 231. asiatica, Ara., 100, 165, 169, 192. 200, 240, 283, 310, Siilil, asiaticus, Xen., 380. Aster badius, 91, 92, 204, 309. astrilda, Est., 250. aiernmeDice. Ole hots 29s On. SHO) sais). 35 fetitte, ail Athene 164. brama, 1: atra, Ful., 93, 1% atrata, Chr., 13. 333 baya, Plo., 146, 240, 243, 309, ail, Bek, abl, Bi4lsy 344, 378. beema, Not., 165. belgica, Lim., 232. Bellona exilis, 138, 170. bellus, Acq., 250. bengalensis, Bubo, 130, 240. ne Pseu, 89, 128, 236, 240, aiilil. barmicus, Pan., 180, 181, 231. bichenovi, Sti, 49, 250, 252. bimaculata, Mel., 172. birostris,, Lop., 205, 341. Bolborhynchus lineolatus, 20. bonariensis, Mol., 234. borealis, N., 52. calurus, But., 302. boscas, Ana, 127, 321. houlboul, Mer., 127, 132. bourkei, Neo., 279. brachydactyla,, ‘Cal., 128. brachyptera, Hyp., 146. Brachypternus aurantius, 163. brachyrhynchus, Ans., 279. brama, Ath., 132, 164. Branta canadensis, 79. hutchinsi, 279. > nigricans, 79. brevirostris, Per., 90, 285, 127, 414 Brotogerys chiriri, 178. iG jugularis, 20. a pyrrhopterus, 145, 178. ~ tirica, 179, 347. tui, 178. ; Bubo " bengalens’s, BIO, 2XOEE ,, ecoromandus, 89, 123, 204. ,» maximus, 251. 3, poensis, 251. Bubulcus coromandus, 242, 307, 344, 377. buchanani, Fra., 340, 341, 345, 378, 381, 398, 400. bullocki, Ict., 318. Butaslur teesa, 166, 169, 237, 381. Buteo borealis calurus, 302. 6 descrtorum, 93. Fe ferox, 93, 132. CE Cacatua ducorpsi, 73. BS galerita, 184. gymnopis, 224. ff leadb-at ri, 45, 184, 185. 39 moluccenss, 224. 5 nasica, 224. roseicapilla, ss 184. cactorum, Con., 20, 278, 347. caerulea, Ard., 383. a COP, WUC caerule capilla, Ade., 95. cacrulescens, Chen., 276. 5 Hage, lier cucruleus, Ela. 161, 236, 309, 345, 398. > Par, 23. caesia, Sit., 232. Calandrella brachydactyla, 128. 6 raytal adamsi, 91. Calidris arenaria, 232. calidris, Tot., 232. californica, Lop., 179, 234, 253, BAN, Baill; BO. caligata, Hyp. 380, 381, 402. Calliste cayana, 15. Callocephalon galeatum, 184. Calocitta lidthii, 294. Calopsittacus novae-hollandiac, 45, HONG bs US Op Calornis chalybeus, 252. calvus, Oto., 89, 127, 204, 381. Calyptorhynchus banks, 187. macrorhynchus, 255 cambaiensis, Tha., 101, 180, 240, SLO! 3422 a ign. Say, ists), i8)2) 398. cana, Aga, 49, 180, 234, 250. canadensis, Bra., 79. Index to Genera and Species. canariensis, Ser., 258. candidus, H 3 ye, I(G'5), cannabina, Lin. 231, Bit) e fringillirostris, Aca., 161. canora, Pho., 375. 2015 2434 Ole canorus, Ora., 168, Cuc., 200; 204, 232) 345, 402. Be }s). cantans, Aid., 49, 84, 375. cantillans, Mir., 243. canutus, Tri., 232. capensis, Oen, 176, capistrata, Mal., rt) Sax., 234. 253. 1235) 3b eG: pe), Zi), Si0S) 342), 420i, 239, 380) 398. cardinals, 44, 50; 176, 200) 204e cardinalis, Eos., 208. Carduelis elegans, 68, 231, 334. Carpodacus erythrinus, 166, 169, 2025 9 menxicanus, 176, 375. . purpureus, 318. earyocatactes, Nuc., 232. Casarca rutila, 90, 127. castaneithorax, Mun., 178. castanotis, Tae, 49. tae 140, 176 250) 82710 waa uots: Sie Cathartes atratus, 387. 2 aura, 385. caudata, Acr., 22, 231. zs Arg., 240, 242, Seu igs). 32) Pra, 127, caprala, carbo, Pha., 90, 92. Cardinalis 309, - Pic., cayana, Cal., 15. a Dac., 177, Centropus rufipennis, 101. o sinensis, 243, 379, sineusis, 91. Cephalopyrus flammiceps, 4, 276. Cercomela fusca, 238, 309. Certhia familiaris, 232. ei himalayana, 93, 127. Ceryle aleyon, 319. i waria, 91, 130. ceylonensis, Cul., 101. Chaclornis, locustelloides, Chaleopelia afra, 67. Chaleophaps chrysochlora, 438. chalcoptera, Phaps, 44, 285. chalybeus, Cal., 252. Cin., 284. Chamaepelia griseola, 5X0). 7 passerina, 802, 385 Charadrius pluvialis, 232, 995 oa0 378, 380. 369, Index to Genera and Species. 415 Charitonetta albeola, 54. Charmosyna margaritac, 208. charmosyna Est., 106. Charmosynaopsis pulchella, 281. Chen cacrulescens, 276. ,, hyperborea, 79. » nivalis, 276. cherrug, Fal., 89, 201. Chettusia gregaria, 164. chiequera, Aes, 92, 203, 238, 310, 311, 339, 342, 381. chiriri, Bro., 178. chirurgus, Hyd., chloris, Lig., 68, 216, 231. chlorigaster, Cro., 241. chlorocercus, Lor., 208. Chlorophonia viridis, 177. Chloropsis aurifrons, INCA Mt Ge chloropus, Gal., 232, 398. chrysaectus, Aqu., 301. chrysochlora, GC. 43. chrysoides, Col., 321. Chrysomitris atrata, 13. t colombiana, 177. : cucullata, 177, 252. 3 icterica, 43. M5 spinoides, 27, 278. os spinus, ‘27, 68, 231 tibelana. 3, 101, 216. chrysopyga, Saxz., 128. Chrysotis agilis, 385. 385. = leucocephalus, 29 cia stracheyi, Emb., 128, 1 Ciconia, alba, 202. Ae nigra, 135, 164. einclorhynchus, Pet., 276. Cinclus aquaticus, 23 cincta, Poe., 176. 35 29. cimerea, Ard., 91, 93, 95, 129. 203. 1B, AS UG) GN Ue a Syl., 231. cinnamomea, Ard., 378. Cinnamopteryx rubiginosa, 146, 176. Cinnyris afer, 284. ; amethystinus,, 284. of chalybeus, 284. cioides, Emb., 231. Circus aeruginosus, 201, 307, 398, 402 n hudsonius, 300. ciris, Cya, 176, 178, 253. cirlus, Emb., 231. Cissolopha yucatanica, Silltsh Gxoille citreola, Mot., 129, 162, 165. citreoloides, Mot., 162. citrina, Geo., 50, 253, 377. citrinella, Emb., 68, 231. miter Buss ales Ob 59). Cisticola cursitans, 308, 340, 345, Coccothraustes vulgaris, 231. Coceystes jacobinus, 309, 310, 311, 339, 340, 344, 379, 401. coelebs, Fri., 68, 231, 375. Coereba caerulea, 177. = cyanea, 44, 177, 252. Colaptes chrysoides, 321. Col‘opasser axillaris, 146, 266. collaris, Ace., 231. collybita tristis, Phy., 96. colombiana, Chry., 177. Columba gymnophthalmus, 276. * intermedia, 128, Howe 401. Ae turtur, 232. columbarius, Fal., 366. columbianus. Pic., 319. Colymbus, 53. communis, Grus., 90, 168. concolor, Pty., 241. contra, Stw., 242, 308, 310, 343, 399. Conurus aureus, 18, 180. 5 cactorum, 20, 278, 347. rr euops, 143, 178. e flaviventer, 385. or haemorrhous, 20, 74. » jendaya, 18, 179. ze nanday (nenday), 20, 50. a nanus, 385. solstitialis, 20, 50. Copsychus saularis, 101, 191, 380. Coracias affinis, 169. 5f garrula, 232. a indica, 94, 127, 308, 309. corax sinuatus, Cor., 368. corniz, Cor., 232. coromandelica, Cot., 340, 341, 344, 381, 401. coromandelicus, Cur., 242, 243, 307 Dilleeodtas oto) ooO: 128, 192) 599. coromandus, Bubo, 89, 133, 204. a Bubu, 242, 307. 344, Oilniee coronatus, Ant., 168. corone, Cor., 92, 232. Corvus corax sinuatus, 368. - cornix, 232. 56 corone, 92, 232. frugilegus, 232. frugilegus tschusii, 89. a glandarius, 232. sh graculus, 232. a5 monedula, 232. o monedula collaris, 89. » splendens, 89, 193, 203, 340 416 Cotile erythrogaster, 318. Index to Genera and Species. 'Cyornis leucomelanurus, 262. », riparia diluta, 180, 165, 202 5 superciliaris, 263. Coturnix coromandclica, 340, 341,{ >, tickelli, 101. 344, 379, 381, 399.'cyprius, Sco., 251. 401. : h | Cypselus affinis, 127, 129, 131, 161 crassirostris, Quis., 383. ” melba, 165, 201. Crateropus canorus, 168, 201, 343, Dy 401. Dacnis cayana, 177, 225. crecca, Net., 232, 276. Dafila acuta, 321. Crex pratensis, 222. _ darwini, Rhea., 279. cristata, Gal., 128, 309. Daulias luseinia, 231. cristalus, Gub., 181, 276. \delamcri, E., 105. ca Pore cole | demersus, Sph., 277. an Per., 165, 203, 204,) Dendrocitia rufa, 134, 310, 345. 309, 381. Dendrocopus major, 232. 5 Reg., 231. 5 minor, 232. B WOiPen 2, Bante : sindkianus, 1638. Crocopus chlorigaster, 241. deserti, Sax., 136, 160, 165. cruentata, Phl., 14, 43, 44. desertorum, But., 93. Cryptolopha, 94. Dicrurus ater OM Aree oes x. axanthoschistos, 89. B09), a38s8). ; xanthoschistos, 136. Dissura episcopus, 127, 2038, 237, Culicapa ceylonensis, 101. PENNE BIOG, el, S)sily, cucullata, Chr., 177, 225. 398. = Hyp., 146, 215, 216, '306| domestica, Uro., 114. Par., 44, 67, 111, 176. | domesticus, Pas., 93, 231. a Sper., 176. domicella, Lor., 295. Cuculus canorus, 200, 204, 232.| dominicanus, Lar., 276. 245, 399, 402. Drepanoplectes jacksoni, 195, 266. cuneata, Geo., 44, 234, 250, 375,| dubia, Aeq., 72, 90, 92, 164, 237. Bde ducorpsi, Cae., 73. cuniculata, Spe., 251. dujresni, Lag., 177. curruca, Syl., 231. dumelorum, Acr., 166, 239, 39. cursitans, Cis., 308, 340, 345, 378,| dussumieri. Tur., 243, 344, 381, 381. 400. ’ Cursorius coromandclicus, 242, 243 E. 307, 311, 343, 380.) Ecleclus pectoralis 208. Ps. gallicus, 94. Ae roratus, 182. curvirostris, Loxia, 231. Elanus caeruicus, 161, 236, 3899, cyanea, Coe., 44, 177, 252 345, 398. 5 Cya., 178, 250, 252 elegans, Car., 68, 231, 234. a Gui., 253. Pia. LO Loe br Pe Pet:. 44. Lok. Embecriza cia stracheyi, 128, 129. Cyanecula suecica, 231. se: cioides, 231. cyaneifrons, Bry., 316. cirlus, 231. cyanoccaphalus, Pal., 89, 95, 101 ; citrinella, 68, 231. 7/9). 55 hortulana, 68, 231. cyanochlamys, Mal., 276. 5 lapponica, 231. Cyanocitta stelleri frontalis, 319. re leucocephala, 127, 131, cyanonotus, Geo., DO. 161. Cyanops franklini, 276. luteola, “399, 401-2. cyanoptera, Que., 81, 366. melanoecphala, 231, 399, cyanopygius, Apr., 250. : Cyanospiza ciris, 176, 178, 253 a3 miliaria, 231. ss cyanea, 178, 250, 252 ie rutila, 235, 25a. Be leclancheri, 178, 252 is schoeniclus, 68, 93, 129, cyanovirens, Ery., 315, 317. 231, 234. cyanuroptera, Siva., 141, 377. ts stewarti, 203. Cygnus nigricollis, 279. aa striolata, 129, Index to Genera and Species. 417 emim, Aur., 362. extlis, Bel., 1388, 170. eminentissima, Nes., 176. caumius, Pla:, 20, 43, 170, 179 enucleator, Lox., 231. ZO), Sys). =A Pyr., 252. AOE, Ife, SO), BAk0), Bahl, BE Eos cardinalis, 208. , reticulata, 295. 1, episcopus, Dis., 127, 203, 237, 241, 307, 341, 380) Falco aesalon, 129, 169. 398. », cherrug, 89, 201. epops, Upu., 160. », columbarius, 366. Erthacus, 1. o Heewr, D2, Wee, silk, cols Bs rubecula, 231. », peregrinator, 91, 169. erythrinus, Car., 166, 169, 202. », peregrinus, 169. erytirocephala, Ama., 375. +, peregrinus anatum, 321. i Pyr., 206, 285. sparvercus, 368. erythrogaster, Col. 318. fam iSTIS mI OCT AO. crythrogastra, Mon., 253. famosa, Nec., 283. erythrolophus, Tur., 281. fasciata, Ama., 49, 68, 375, 376. erythronota, Est., 105, 106, 178. - JEG, WOS)e erytironotus, Lan.., 164, 201, 341.) fasciatus, Hier, 310. 342, 399, 400. jerox;, But. 93, 132). erythrops, Que., 146, 176. ferrago, Tur., 200. erythroptera, Mir. 5 oe ferrea, Ore., 127, 136. erythroplerus, Pti., 250. ) \ferus, Ans. Ler, 130) erythropygia, Hir., 132, 201, 310,| finschi, Nas., 208. 342. Jlammiceps, Cep., 276. erythrorhynchus, Pel., 54, 299. | x Pyr., 146, 176. Erythrura, 315-7, 350-6, 387. flavo, Mot., 169, 231. cyaneifrons, 316. flavala, Hem., 3, 15. me cyanovirens, 315, 317.) flaveola, Syc., 49, 253. me ferbesi, B16, 317. flavicollis, Gym., 199, 342. x hleirs hmidti, 317. flavirostris, Lin., 231. a pealii, 315, 316, 317. | flaviventer, Con., 385 as prasina, 178, 250, 315,| jlaviventris, Pla., 252 Bl Ts Bistsi. SO?a BIZ, sind. a psittacea, 49, 250, 315. flavo- palliatus, Los., its}, ES) Bl aha). Tluvicola. Hir.. 165. a regia, 316, 317. Jorbesi, Ery., on Bulge os serena, 316, 317. formicivorus bairdi, Mel., 319. 43 trichroa, 178, 252, 316) formosa. Stic., 178, 252, 271, 375, Aut toto 376. Df tricolor, 316, 317. forsteni, Tri., 295. Esacus recurviros'ros. 37, 168, 202.| Foudia madagascariensis, 176. Estrilda angolensis, 178. francscana, Pyr., 50, 176, 215. a astrildy, 250. Francolinus pondicerianus, 236, 379, i. charmosyna, 106. 400. ce cinerca, 49, 176, 377. He vulgaris, 237, 312. - delameri, 105. franklini, Cya., 276. » erythronota, 105, 106, 178) Franklinia buchanani, 340, 341, ee nigricollis, 105. 345, 378, 381, 398, a phoenicotis, 178, 250, 271, 400. 375. Fringilla coelebs, 68, 231, 376. vinacea, 105. Ah monti/ringilla, 68, 231. Eudromias marinellus, 232. teydea, 285. Eudynamis honorata, 191, 2038, 238 Fringillidea, HaAO, Sail, BRO. Eulampis holosericeus, 138. fringillirostris, Aca., 169. es jugularis, 138, 286. fringilloides. Ama., 140, 176, 375. euops, Con. 143, 178. frontalis, Sit., 285. Euplectes oryx, 215. frugilegus, Cor., 232. europaed, IO fie (sve), Dahil, An tschusii, Cor., 89. ? 418 Fulica americana, 82, Bt atrata, 93, 129. julvus, Gyps., 128. fusca, Cer., 238, 309. juscicollis, Poe., 6. ; fuscus, Aet., 95, 131, 167. 6 IelGi bo, Pc nip Pel., 385 G. galbula, Ori., 232. galeatum, Cal., 184. galericulata, Acxw., 276. Galerita cristata, 128, 309. galerita, Cac., 184. gallicus, Cur.. 94. Gallinula chloropus, 232, 398. Gampsonyx swainsoni, 276 garrula, Cor., 232. Garrulax pectoralis, 181, 294. garrulus, Amp., 176, 232, 252 = Lor.., a 18, 50, 295. garzetta, Her., 167, 203, 307, 344. gayi, Phr., 5, 13. Gecinus viridis, 232. Geocichla citrina, 50, 253, 377. > cyanonotus, 50. Geococcyx menicanus, 321. Geopelia cuneata, 44, 234, 375. 5 striata, 43, 67, 176. x tranquilla, 279. Geotrygon montana, 375, 385 ginginianus, Acr., 133, 210. glandarius, Cor., 232. Glareola lactea,, 38, 127, 136, 165, 167 glarcola, Tot., 202, 232, 243, 377, 379 Glaucidium gnome, 251. 7 passerina, 251. gnome, Gla., 251. gossii, Ara, 385. Goura vicloriae, 253. gouldiac, Poe, 49, 142, 178, 180, 25)), 20), Te) gouldii, St., 71. govinda, Mil., 938, 94, 311. graculus, Cor., 232. grammacus strigatus, C., 301. Granatina granatina, 178, 377. grandis, Nil, 4, 33, 35. grayi, Ard. 165, 201, 241, 307 342, 348, 344, 377 gregaria, Che., 164. , grisea, Pyr:, 167. 200, 345, 346 381, 398. ‘5 Spe., 374. griseus., Nyc., 239, 344. grisola, Mus., 231, 299. Index to Genera and Species. Grus. antigone, 240, 309, 312, 397. communis, 90, 168. 9 japonensis, 279. i mexicana, 5d. Gubernatrix, cristata, guianensis, Psi, 178. Guira piririgua, 50. Guiraca cyanea, 253. gularis, Pol., 137. gulgula, Ala., 94, 130. guttata, Ste., 49, 142, 178, 210) Boo moon Gymmnorhis, flavicollis, 199, 342. gymnopis, Cac., 224. gymnophthalma, Col., 276. Gypaelus barbatus, 128. Gyps, fulvus, 128. ” Si ioe 250, lal Halcyon fuscus, 2. SmYTNENSIS, Pse., 234, Dy 8). 205 165, 250. Haematopus ostralegus, 232. haematorrhous, Pse.. 20, 44. haemorrhous, Con., 20, 74. Mol., 310, 3115 34 Pye., 302, Haliactus leucocephalus, ul). leucocoryphus, 92, USE Haliastur indus, 341, 377 Haplopelia, larvata, 279. NG, HOG, Ns BZ, Br helvetica, Squ., 939. Henichelidon sibirica, Hemiaus flavala,, 3. Herodias alba, 129, garzetta, 0 intermedia, hiaticula, Aeg., 73, Hicractus fasciatus, pennatus, Hierococcyx VATIUS, himalayana, Cer., 93, Himantopus candidus, 164. hippolais, Syl., 231. Hirundo erythropygia, 132, 310; 342) x fluvicola, 165. a rustica, 127, 128, N(ofay, ISS), 2XOil Been, Best), Brell smith, 201, 241, 381. ” haematonolus, 783), ”) ie D5 260. 15. 203, 167, 2038, 307, ”? Oi). 232. 310. O15), iS) 127. 52, 201 20: ”? Ae urbica urbica, 239. holosericeus, Bul., 138. honorata, Eud., 191, 203, 238. hortensis, Syl., 231, Index to Genera and Species. 419 hortulana, Emb., 68, 231. dje hudsonius, Cir., 300. humeralis, Age, 377. jacarini, Vol., 176. humilis, Mel., 383. jackson’, Dre. 195, 266. hutchinsi Bra., 279. jacobinus, Coc., 309, 310, 311, 339, hybrida, Hyd., 71. SAO, oA 9, AOI Hydrochelidon hybrida, Wak. jamaicensis, Lep., 253. Hydrophasianus chirurgus, 378, 379,| japonensis, Grus., 279. 398. javanicus, Pha., 237, 242, 398. Hylocichla ustulata, 320. jocosa, Oct., 302. Hypacanthis spinoides, 27, 91. jendaya, Con., 18, 179. hyperborea, Chen., 79. jugger, Fal., 92, UE, oulaky 24ole hyperythra, Sip., 201. jugularis, Bro., 20. Hyphantornis abyssinicus, 216, 306. os Eul., 138, 2 49 brachypterus, 146. o cucullatus, 146, 215, Kk. 216, 306. PA melanocephalus, 215,| Netupa zcylonensis, 308, 309. PAD Xe, BLOM) kleinschmidti, Ery., 317. velatus, 2D. kundoo, Ori, 202, 238. Hypolais caligata, 380, 381, 402 a3 rama, 240; 3846, 379) Ti 380, 381, 402. lactea, Glar, 38, 127, 136, 165 hypoleucus, Tot., 232, 380, 402 167. Hypsipetes psaroides, 127, 129, 169,) Lagonosticta caerulescens, 177. ISIS )e 7 dufresni, 177. e senegalus, 178, 375. me vinacea, 105. Wy. lahtora, Gan... la2: 160, 162, 168) Lampornis mango, 353. Lompronessa sponsa, 276. Tanthia rufilata, 1, 285. Lanius erythronotus, 164, 201, 341, Ibis melanocephala, 242, 307 342, 399, 400. BO) Bit BxSKO) = isabellinus, 91, 95. ictcrica, Chr., 43. lahtora, 132, 160, 162, 168. icterolis, Pla., 140, 279, 331. ludovicianus ganibeli,, 300. Ieterus bullocki, 318. hecki, 178, 252, 277. a personata, 49, AG, ively, 250, 376. Poliopsar malabarieus, 235. Poliospiza gularis, 137. Polytelis barrabandi, 90, 242. polytmus, Tro.. 383. polyzona, Ort., 178. pondicerianus, Fra., 236, 379, 400. Fe Tep., 23¢, 309. prasina, Ery., 178, 315, 316, Sil Bisksin pratensis, Ant., 231. 5 Crea, Pratincola caprata, 127, 133, 23), 309, 341, 342, 401. - rubetra, 231. Fe rubicola, 231. a torquata indica, 90. principalis, Vid., 146, 253, 266. Prinia inornata, 94, 166, 309, 312, Slew se A lepida, 36, 240. 5 socials, 239, 312, 378, 397 psaroides, Hyp., 127, 129, 169, 199 Psephotus haematonotus, 20, 65, 1795 2345) 250) fe haematorrhovs, 20, 44. “ multicolor, 20, 49, 250. Pseudogyps benaalensis, 89, 128, 236, 240, 311. leucocephalus, 342, 380. psittacea, Hry., 49, 250, 315, 317, 350. Psiltacus agilis, 385. % leucoecphalus, 385. Psittucul4 guianensis, 178. FF passerina, 178, 254, 376. Ptcrocles arenaria, 134. Pleroclurus exustus, 90, 242. Ptilotis auricomis, 276. 5 pencillata, 276. Ptistes erythropterus, 250. Ptyanoprogne concolor, 241. Fy) rupestris, 128. pugnax, Mac., 232. pulchella, Char., 281. pullaria, Aga., 110. punctulata, Mun., 49, 250, purpureus, Car., 318. pusilla, Met., 172. pusio, Nas., 208. 240, 241, Pscudotantalus 203, 240, 241, 494 Index to Genera and Species. Pycnonotus haemorrhous, 302. lrubccula, Hri., 231. Pyctorhis sinensis, 239, 312. rubctra, Pra, Zo. Pyromelana afra, 146, 176, 215,|rubicola, Pra., £381. 376. rubiginesa, Cin., 146, 176. i. flammiceys, 146, 176. rmuoritonques, Lint, Sy ata ole: 3 franciseaia, 59, 176, 215 AS}5),, B)18). ms orya, L46, WG: uta, Bena. Lady ollO ks Ape Pyrrhocorax, 232. rufescens, Lin., 231. pyrrhoptarus, Bro., 145, 178. ruficauda, Bat., 49, 142, 178, 333. Pyrirhula enuclealo-, 252. rufilata, Tan., 285. “ erythroc phala, 206, 285. (rufilatus, Tsar, 89. a europued, 8, 231, rujina, Net., 276. Pyrrhulauda grisea, 167, 200, 345)! rufipennis, Cen., 101. 346) SS) 398. Pyrrhura vittata, 20. Pytclia melba, 178. pheenicoy tra, 147, 181. OF v Quelea erythrops. 146, 176. * quelca, 50, 146, 215. Queraucdula cyanoptera, 81, 366. Quiscalus crassirostris, 383. quiscalus agelaeus, 393. ie raggiona, Par., 336. nan, Mot. Zell. Rallus aquaticus, 232. A pectoral’s, 180. rama, Hyp., 240, 346, B81, 402. Calzada americana, 6 74 avocclta, 235 recurvirostris, Esa., 37, ROK IPPs, BIN), ST Regulus cristatus, 231. reticulata, Hos., 295. Rhea darwini, 279. Rhinogryphus aura, Rhipidura albicollis, 35 albifrontata, 101. Rhynchops albicollis, 41, 68, 166. raytal adamsi, Recurvirostris 202 riccordi, Spor., 286. richardi, Ant., 32. ; ridibundus, Lar.,, 166, 169, 232. riparia diluta, Cct., 180. 165, 202. risorsus, Tur., 89, 93, 134, 3842. 401. v. albus, Tur., 67. robustus, Poe., 6. roratus, Hcel., 182. ode, JAalln, IWS). roscicapilla, Cac., 45, 184. roscicollis, Aga., 179, 252, Bel ase roscus, Pas., 204, 231, 234, 343, 844, 379, 399, 401. rufiventris, Rut., 96, 169, 201 2 Tur., 276. rufus, Phy, 231. mupestris, Pty, W28- rustica, Han. let. 128 elise eloor 169, 20S 202 20a: Zoe) SOU mea oes Ruticilla phocnicurus, 231. FF rufiventris, 96, 169, 201. y titys, Zo, pono, (Coke, GO, we. 4 Emb., 235, 253; Ss. Salvadora oleo'd.s, 286. Sarcidiornis melanotus, 341. Sarcogrammus indicus, 90, 127, 131, ING, WG, IGE), Bers, saturata, Ae., 283. saulatis, Cop., LOL, 9th sso: Saxicola, 402. ~ capistrata, 128, 136, 169. chrysopygia, 160, 128. e deserti, 136, 160, 165. - oenanthe, 231, 401. 5 op'stholeuca, 96, 128, 136, 160. picta, 96, 128, 136, 160, 401. scheriae, Ae., 283. ; schoeniclus, Emb., 68, 93, 129, 231, 234 scolopax, Oed., 37, 232. Scops cyprius, 251. seena, Ste., 41, 42. 70) 95: sencgalensis, Tur., 50, 67. sen-galus, Lag., 178, 375. serena, Hry., 316, 317. Serinus canariens’s, 253. » flaviventris, 252; 375). re icterus, 49. Lil, 176: 53 leucopygus, 49, 147, 178, 250 serinus, 231. sulphuratus, 264, Index serinus, Ser, 231: serrator, Mer., 82. sibirica, Hem., 260. simiis, Ant., 165. sindhianus, Den., 165. sinensis, Cen., 248, 279, 398. 5 Pye., 239, 312. sinicus, Cen., 91. Siphia hyperythra, 261. a parva, ie 169, 204, 236, “ strophiata, 261. Sitagra luteola, 305. . monacha, 146. Sittu caesia, 232. » frontalis, 285. Siva cyanuroplera, 141, 377. smith, Hir., 201, 241, 381., smyrnensis, Hal., 2, 93. Socialis, Prz., 239, 312, solstitialis, Con., 20, 50. sparvercus, Fal., 368. speciasus, Pcr., 285... Speotyto cunic ulata, Spermestes ¢ ucullata, 5 nana, 114, 375. Spermophila albigularis, 374. grisea. 374, Spheniscus demersus, 277. Sphyropicus varius, 319, spinoides, Chry., 2%, 278. oe Hyp. BW. Sil. spinus, chry., 27, 68, spipolctta, Ant., 94. Spizilauda magna neglecta, splendens, Cor., 88, 195, sponsa, Lan.. 276. Sporadinus riccordi, 286. Sporacginthus amandava, 243, 250, 334, 378, 398. melpodus, 49, 176, 178, 269, 375. 378, 397. 231. Sole 203, 340. 176, 3705, ” % subflavus, AO 6: SO Sporopipes squamifrons, nie eye squamifrons, Spor., 178, 377. Squatarola heluciivas DoD. Steganopleura gultata, 49, 142, 178 40), BIO), sels Baty Steganura paradiscu, 68, 146, 177 Daisy, AOlae stclleri frontalis, Cya., 319. stentoreus, Aecr., 308. Stephanophorus leucocephalus, 5. Sterna ang'ica, 165, 200. » — gouldii, fia » melanogast'r, 70, 90, 3 minuta, 71, 200. ersrena, Sl 428 10; 95. stewarti, Emb., 2038, to Genera and Species. Stictoptcra bichcnovi, Slictospiza jJormosa, BiB. Strepsilas intcrpres, 232. striata, Ge., 45, 67, striolata, Emb., 129. striolatus, Ant., 343. strophiata, Sip., 261. Sturnopastor contra, 242, 343, 399. vulgaris, 231. vulgaris poltaralsky?, ILl- | Oey, aCe subflavus. Spo., 49, 176, suecica, Cya, 231. By Tus., 169, yulphuratus, Ser., sundara, Nil., 34, 285. superciliaris, Cy9., suratensis, T'ur., 89, sutorius,. Ort., 101. swainsoni, Gam, 276. Sycalis flaveola, 49, Sylvia affinis, 90, 128. arundinacae, 231. atricapilla, 231. cinerea, 231. . curruca, 231. bie hippolais, 231. hortensis, 231. phragmitis, 231. sylwicola, 231. trochilus, 231. sylvicola, Syl., 231. Sypheotis aurita,, 344, 380, Syrnium aluco, 251. nuchale, Ts 10 Lopes y OO Sturnus ”» 89. subar quata, 180 200. 264. 35, 263. 1333}, al(o1 20. Bis) 158. ” Tachyphonus melaleucus, 282, 376. Taeniopygia castanot?s, 49, 111, 170, Zool, 2AO, seks) SO, Molle ‘aha, Pyr., 146, 176. Tarsiger rufilatus, 89. Tehitrea paradisi, 202. feesa, But., 166, 169. 237, 381. femnuncki, Tri., 93, 200. Tcmenuchus pagodarum, 236, 310, 378. temporal’s, Aeg., 178. Tephrodornis pordicerianus, 237, 309 252, teydea, Fri, 285. Thamnobia cambaiens’s, 101, 180, 240) 310, 342. “betina, Chry., 3, 104. 216. Tichodroma muraria, 92, 164, 232, tickclli, Cyo., 101, 426 tunica, Brow Wo) SAT: hitys, Rut., 231. Todus virid’s, 383. torquata, Mur., 231. indica, Pra., torquatus, Pal., 95, 96. ts, 78). lorquilla, Iyn., 160, 232. | calidris, glarcola, Ol i hypoleucus, 2: 9 ochropus, ; B78), B09. tranquebaurica, Oen., 166, 169. tranquilla, Geo., 279. Trichoglossus forsteni, 295. * masscena, 208. - novae-hollandiav, Totanus 232, i 243, , 380, 402. 341, 342 18 2) 231 . rubritorqucs, 18, 177 < 253, 295, 313. trichroa, Ery., 178, : Bulls}, ill 7 tricolor, Age., < ; Ara, . 5 Ery., 316, Tringa alpina, 232. canutus, 232. 3 minuta, 200. subarquala, 52, temmincki, 93, Akeps, Ni 1eh2}, ; Phy., 165-6,169, trivialis, Ant.. 169, 202, : Trochilus polytmus, 333. trochilus, Syl., 231. Troglodytcs parvulus, 231. tu., Bro., 178. Turacus erythrolophus, 281. Turdus iliacus, 231. %f migratorius, 377. ¥) migratoitS PIOLINGUYs, musicus, 231. FF pilaris, 231. rufiventris, VISCLUOTUS, dussumicri, 400. cambaiensis, 398. ferrago, 200. risorius, 89, 93, 401 B17. tristis, 320. 276. 231. 243, ” Turnix 344, 381 Turtur 95, 168, Weyl ht) risorius v. albus, 67. senegalensis, 50, 67. suratcensis, 89, 133, 166. turtur, 67. Col., 232. UT en Oe | Tyrannus vociferans, 300, turtur, Index to Genera and Species. We undulata, Anas., 276. undulatus, Mel., 20, 50, 65, 179, 234. .F v. cacrul:us, Mel., 23, Ne) GS). be v. luteus, Mct., 43. Upupa cpops, 160. indica, 193. ” urbica urbica, Hir., 239. Uroloncha aeuticauda, 278. domestica, 114. Fe malabarica, 401. ustulatus, Hyl., 320. ” Viz vallisneria, Mar., 53. Vanellus cristatus, 127, 282. varia, Oer., 91, 30) wars, Hic., 191. Sph.,- digi. velatus, Hyp., 215. uonusta, Nco., 249. wctula, Ort., 206. 374. wictoriac, Gou., 253. Vidua principalis, 146, 253, 266. vinacea, Est., 105. x Lgg., “Od. vindniana, Ag-, 80) JOR es Oasis 160} 62a re aor wirens, Zos., 17. viridanus, Ply., 203. viridis, Chl., 177. i Gee., 202. ier., Ol, L6i,” 16959240) 243. 4 NOd amo oor vittata, Pyr., 20. vittatus, Lan., 96, 129, 169, 200, 399. ‘ lvocifcra, Acg., 317. voc'ferans, Tyr., 300. Volatinia jacarini, 176. vulgaris, Coc., 231. “ Ea Wooler Stu, ol. ics poltaratskyi, Stu., 89. Vultur monachus, 129, 167, 2038. x. Nanthoecphalvs xanthor-phalus, 83. aunthoschista, Cry., 89. x. xanthoschista, Cry., 136. Xenorhynchi:s asiaticus, 380, Index to Genera and Species. 497 a | zeylonensis, Ket., 305, 309. yucatanica, Cis., 6, 15, 159. |zeylonica, Ara., 283. Yuhina nigrimentum, 252. zonarius, Bar., 182, 252. Zostcrops palpcbrosa, 165. Z . wirens, 177. de Zenaida amabilis, 385. | macroura, 369. ”? 428 Index to English Names of Birds. Index to English Names of Birds. AS Blue-throat, Red-spotted, 165. » -winged Siva, 31, 141, 377. Accentor, Alpine, 231. Brain-fever Birds, 191. Albatross, Black, 209. Bramblefinch, 68, 87, 280, 292. Amazon-Parrot, Blue-front-d, 8, 98, 293,) Brambiing, 30, 207, 231. 295, 332. Brush-Turkey, 208. , Orange-winged, 182. Budgerigars, 20, 50; 97, 110, 111, 139; ; Sallé’s, 98. 173, 179, 182, 218, 234, nH Salvin’s, 8. 245, 246, 247, 277, 278, 3 s White-front»d, 295. 293, 331, 332; 862, S65: AA a Yellow-fronted, 386. * Blue, 15, 16, 25, 43, 62, Amazon-Parrots, 386. 139, 279, 296. Avadavats, 47, 141, 330, 378, 398 ; Green, 9, 25, 43, 62; 63, > Common, 12, 115, 176, 250,| 65, 97, 180; 296, 333: 292; 295, 334, 359) 09 Green-Blue, 438, 62. 5 Green. 12, 13; 116, 31, 46; 47, 5 Yellow: 10) 25, 74397, eh Walia, alge}, altshil, isp. 11d, 180; 212592944296; 253, 201, 350; 1359) 365 333, 382, 403. Siow olor Bulbuls, 100, 132. a Red, 13, 47, 48, 49, 181, + 3lack-crested Yellow, 15. DAs" Zoom OOD NOLO. OUD x 3rown-eared, 3, 15. Avocets, 52, 56, 232. s Green (vide Fruitsucker). ) Him> Blacks l29seudo: B. a Hybrids, 302-4. AA Indian, 246. Babbler, Black-throated Wren-, 16, 35 Red-eared, 15, 110, 302-4. “ Common. 240, 242, 309, 311, Red-vented, 132, 191, 302-4, 311, 341, 379. 340. * Jungle, 168, 201, 343, 401. 5 Red-whiskered, 101, 360, 55 Large Grey, 238, 339, 341, 343, 3 Ruby-throated, 346. 398. ; White-cheeked, 135, 167. Rusty-cheeked Scimitar, 16. -_ White-eared, 240, 310. Be Yellow-eyed, 239, 312. Bullfinch, European, 68, 78, 231, 246, Banana Bird, 383. 272, 275, 277, 280, 292; Parbet, Coppersmith, 193. 333, 334, f Golden-throated, 276. Black, 265. Great Himalayan, 199. Desert, 14. se Levaillant’s. 16. “ Hybrids, 292. Bearded Reedling, 180, 181, 206, 2435. EA Red-headed, 206, 285 Bee-Kater, 101, 232, 239, 342. A Siberian, 246, 277. Blue-cheeked, 239, 240, 243, 310.) Bunting, Black-headed, 157, 231, 399, 344, 399. 401. > > DBlue-tailed, 201. H . Chinese, 177, 235, 253, 296. Little Green, 161, 240, 243. - Cirl, 231, 235. Bengalese, 10, 32, 47, 50, 85, 103, 114] ; Eastern Meadow, 128, 165. 115, 155, 172, 205, 206: Grey-headed, 234. 246, DAT, 212) 2,” 208: Wair-crested, 14, 172. 295, 296, 375, 316, 395, me Indigo, 99, 157, 160, 178, 182, Bengalese Hybrids, 16, 32, 246, 278, 375.) 246, 250, 252, 296, 359, Birds of Paradise, 335-7, 371-4. 365, 376. me Greater, 346. a Japanese, 182. King, 346, 404. ee Lapland, 231. a Lesser, 346. Meadow, 231. Bishop (Vide Weaver—W.). Nonpareil, 99, 157, 160, 176, Bitterns, 80, 81, 378. 178, 252, 253, 292, 296) Blackbirds, 174, 826, 330, 366. Beh Bla, European, 30, 321. s Ortolan. 68, 231, 235. Red-winged, 300. oe Pine, 123, 161. Be Tri-coloured, 300. ce Rainbow, 99, 160, 178, 252, 292. Blackeap. 173, 207, 231, 292. x Red-backed, 296. Black-headed Sibia, 16, 99, 253. a Red-headed. 157, 399, 401. Blue-bills, 81. _ Reed: 68) (93, (94) (96,5129) 131); -Bird, Fairy, 346. 281, 234, 235: -Pies, Yellow-billed, 297. rf Rock, 14, 16. throat, L3sl, 132) 200,201 23h Ar Ruddy, 14. Index to English Names of Birds. 429 Bunting, Ruddy-backed, 235. f- Snow, 30, 174, 231, 281. Aa Striated, 129. 3 White-capped, 203. A Yellow, 68, 231, 235, 247 =A Yellow-bellied, 296. as Yellow-breasted, 359. Buntings, 127, 182, 212. Bush-Chat, Dark Grey, 136. bs Pied, 133, 239, 3C9, 401. Bush-Lark. Red-winged, 241. 5 Singing, 243. Bush-Robin, Red-flankcd, 1, 16, 89, Bustard, 122, 123, 124. es Honbara, 202. on Sikh, 344. Butter-Balls, 54. Buzzard, 93. 7 Com., 93. n Crested Honey-. 165, 203, 308, 381. - Long-legged, 132. z5 Red-headed Turkey-, 385. 299, 387. 166, 168, 381. yi Turkey-, Ae White-eyed, C. Calornis, Glossy, 252, 346. Canary, Cape, 245. = Hartz Mountain, 47, 104. a Norwich Crest. 46. > White, 139, 140. Vda 2Do: Canaries, 46, 48, 63, 173, 181, 245, 252, 263, 271, DXB, PAS, PAO Paths, 281, 292, 293, 331, 362. 382. “ Hybrid, 140, 246, 292. Cardinal, Black-cheeked, 359. e Dominican, 65. P Green, 13, 157, 181, 276, 5 Pope, 50, 65, 359. 7 Red-crested, 13, 44, 67, 111, 172, 176, 180, 246, 277, 296, 359. a Virginian, 13, 44, 50, 99, 155; 1595 176; 182; 253, 294, 298, 303, Cardinals, 2365. Carib, Purple-breasted, 286. Cassique, Yellow-tailed, 337. Chaffinch, 30, 68, 78, 87, 141, 231, 280, 376, 403. “9 Blue, 13, 285. Chat, Brown Rock-, 193, 238, 309. “a 3ush- (vide under B.). = Desert, 160, 105 “A Indian Stone, 96. persed, 96. 128° 160: » Red-tailed, 128. eS Stone-,231. a Strickland’s, 96, 128, 160. a Whin-, 231. ss 6 hWihbite, 128. ; White-capped. 169. ,» Wood (vide under W.). .) 292 bo oa or 204 212, Bilies 280, 334, 359. 99! 182, 126. 252, 359. 278, Chats, 36, 127, 164. Chiff-Chaff, 173, 207, 231. 55 Siberian, 96, 165, 203. Chough, 232. Cissa, Hunting, 15, 294, 295. Cockateel, 9, 43, 50, 65, 78, 110, 111, 180, 182, 183, 245, 252, Pat, PEM BEI, SLUG Bish 362, 365, 376. Cockatoo, Banksian, 187, 188, 254, 286, 322. oA Bare-eyed, 224, 244, 332. ; Centenarian, 7. Duecrps’, 8, 73-6, 208. Gang-gang, 164, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190. * Grect Sulphvr-crested, 184, 332. ad Great White. 75. “3 Leadbcater’s, 8, 45, 98, 184. 185, 244. = Lesser Sulphur-crested, 8. a. Moluccan, Rose-crested, 224. “ Roseate, 184, 185, 187, L8& LEO SO, 2200 221e (22>) 224, 291, 323. 55 Rose-breasted, 16, 45 (vide Roseate). . Slender-bill, 188, 224. s Sulphur-crests, 184. = White, 184, 208. Cockatoos, 183-91. 208, 209, 219, 245 286-91, 322-6. Coley, 17. Combasou, 10, 46, 47, 98, 296, 338. Conure, Black-headed, 20, 50. > Blue-crowned, 20, 75, 297. 5 Cactus, 20, 246, 277, 278, 297, Cormorants, 81, 82, 93, 94, 239, 312, ; Coueal, 133, 243, 379, 347, 349, 376. Crimson-flanked, 143. Euops, 295, Golden-crowned, 18, 19, 50, 257 » Half-moon, 180. » Hybrid, 18. Jendaya, 297. Be Nenday (Nanday), 297. > Orange-flanked, 145. a Patagonian, 297. » Red-bellied, 20, 297. ~ Speckled, 143-5, 178, 278. a White-eared, 182. » Yellow (Sun), 20, 50, 297. + Yellow-bellied, 180. = Yellow-headed, 18, 19, 50. Coot, Grey, 93. Ae New Zealand, 209. Coots, 80. 8&2. 129, 281, 299. Coppersmith, 193. Cord@m Bleu, 12, 31, 47, 84, 102, 115, 141, 154, 157, 160, 172, 178, 180, 212, 246, 250, 270; 271, 272; 292, 295 308; (000) 359) 364, 375; ! 395, 396. ;Cormorant, Black, 52, 90. 92, 380, 398. F Pygmy, 237, 242, 398. 398. Courser, Cream-coloured, 94. 430 Courser, Indian, 242, 243, 307, 311, 343.) Finch, Diamond, Coursers, 94, 342, 380. Cow-bird, Bay-winged, 293. ; Silky, 234, 280. Crane, Com., 90, 168. “3 Manchurian, 279. 3s Sandhill, 55. a Sarus, 240; 279, 310; 312; 397. Stanley, 279. 2 White-necked, 279. Creeper, Him. Tree, 93, 163 , Tree, 154, 155, 232: Wall, 92; 130, Yo4, 161, 164 232. Crossbill, 231. Crow, Carrion, 92, 174. ¥ Com., 232. a Fen., 208. ae Grey, 208. Grey-necked, 193. Hooded, 30, 208. House, 203, 340. Indian House, 88. King, 91, 129, 131, 191, 309, 339. FS -Pheagsant. 91; 101, 243; 379: Crows, &8, 95, 133, 168, 203, 240, 241 Cuckoo, 173; 200, 204 207, 2382, 245 399. - (Cloyne, G'S. A Ground, 321. > Guira, 50. Koel. 191, 193, 203, 238, 340 Pied-crested, 100, 309, 311, 339, 340, 341, 342, 344, 401. Curlew, 30, 52, 174, 232, 243, 281. -Sandpipers, 52, 232. a Stone-, 232. Cutthroat, 46, 68, 110, 111, 141, 147, 182 234, 235, 245, 246, 247 248, 272. D. bar 7 Indian, Darter, 238. Dhyal-Bird, 293. Diamond Birds, Dipper, 231. Diver. Great Northern, 83. Hell-, 53, 321. Red-throated, 174. Dotterel. 232. Dove, 404, Aurita, Aust. Dabchick, 93: 245, 362. ipl, 333. 85, 333, 246, 331. 362. 20, Crested, 296, = Barbary Turtle, Bar-shouldered, Bleeding-beart, Blue-Rock, 161, 401. 3ronze-wing. 235, 277, 363. Bronze-necked Wood-, 192. Brown-backed, 192. Brush Bronze-wing. 245, 277. » Cape, 176, 235, © 364: 342 246, 253; 279, Doves, Duck, Index to English Names of Birds. 14, 44, 103, 155, 172, 234, 244, 245, 246, 250, 278; 331) 8328 360" see, 363, 364, 375, 377. Dwarf Ground, 296. Emerald-spotted, 333, 364. English Turtle, 67, 333. Green-winged (Ind.), 43, 333. Ground, 302, 370. Half-collared Turtle, fybrid. 333. Indian Ring. 89, 134, 401. Little Brown, 95, 168, 398. Long-tailed Brown, 346. Masked (Vide Cape Dove). Mourning, 369. Necklace, 245, Partridge. 385. Passerine, 370, 385. Pea, 385. Peaceful, 245, 277, Pigmy Ground. 50. Plumed Ground, 50, Red, 346. Red-Ground, 171, Red-Mountain, 206, Red-Turtie, 100, 166, Rufous-winged, 67. Senegal Turtle, 50, Sol, aoe Spotted, 89, 133, 166. Turtle, 207, 282, 327. Vinaceous, 277. Violet, 253, “277. White Java, 67, 333. White-winged. 369. Wild Ring, 333. Zebra, 43, 67, 126, 298, 362. 194, 200, 242, 385, Am. Ringed, 159. Am. Less. Scaup, Zaftle-headed, 54. Bahama. Pintail, Blue-billed, 81. Butter-Ball, 54. Canvas-back, 53, 81, Carolina, 159, 276. Comb-, 341. Diving, 159. Hider, 30, 174. Gadwall, 80, 82, 90, 165, 167, 202. Mallard, 52, 80, 90, 96, 129, 130; 159; AGT; 299) s32ieescs: Mandarin, 159, 276. Pintail, 52, 80, 82, 129, 159, 160; 6% 3215 1368: Pochard, (vide under P.). Rosy-billed, 159. Ruddy, 54. Scaup, 81, 159. Sheld- (vide under S. Sheld-drake) Shoveller, 80, 81, 129, 159. Spot-billed, 377. Surface-feeding, 159. 362. 362. 279. 125, 245. 247, 277, 201. 375. 67, 78, 296; 176, 245, 253, 394. 159. 159. 82. Teal, (vide under T.). Tufted, 129, 159, 162, 165. Wigeon, 159. yy Wald, 127. » Yellow-billed, 276. Ducks, 52, 53, 54, 56, 73, 83, 90, 92; 96, 202, 329, 344, 369. Dunlin, 95, 181, 232. i. Hagle, 92, 124, 241, 243, 310. Pele Baldunoloy sete >» Bonelli’s, 310. >» Booted, 95. » Golden, 310, 320. _ -Hawk, 209. ; Ind. Spotted, 308, 309. af Indian Tawny, 89, 130, 160. 53 -Owl (vide under Owl—O.). » Pallas’ Fishing, 92, 130, 135, 167. we Pred> 346: Welectus-Parrots, 98, 2(8. Grand, 182. Fr Red-sided, 182, 346. Tngret, 83, 167, 344, 348, 386. » Cattle, 242, 307, 310, 344. » Gt. White, 129, 136, 203. >» Little, 203, 307, 310, 344. = ‘White, 95. Euphonia, Golden-shouldered, 14. Index to English Names of Birds. We: Falcon, 30, 93, 311, 368. -Hawk, 174. Iceland, 8&2. Lugger, 92. 93, 96, 127, 163, 208, 238, 240, 311, 401. Peregrine, 57, 82, 91, 93, 96, 122-5; 128, 135,| 241 Hiotlis2e Loo. Loon alone oat. >» saker, 89, 91, 201, 202. 55 Shahin, 91. >» Shikra, 91, 92, 95, 100, 204, 241. or wiercel,, (OL, *96: Vantail-Flycatcher, 101, 260. Se White-eyebrowed, 92. ef White-shafted, 244, 245. os White-throated, 92, 259. Fantail-Warbler, Rufous, 340, 342, 345, 378, 381. VWieldfare, 30, 207. 231, 248, 279, 280, 326, 3827, 362. Finch, Alario, 13. 172, 178, 181, 245, 253. - Aurora, 13. 17, 147, 155, 181, 246, 273. Pe eID LOS Ol, SOBs lita abe 2067 244, 277, 293, 2956, 296; BOZ, sONoy ta90, BOT. + Bicheno’s, 12. 49, 154, 157, 244, 245, '200, 252. 263, 295, 296, 298, 363. » Black: Bull-, », Black-headed Haw-, 99. Black Seed-, 13, 245, 265-6, Black and Yellow Haw-, 275-6. Blue and Green Parrot-, 315. Blue-breasted Parrot-, 316. 363. Finch, ” 43 Blue Chaf-, Blue-collared Blue-fronted Varrot-, 13, 285. Parrot-, 316. 316. if Bramble-, 68, 87, 280, 292. Bull-, 68, 72, 231, 246, 272, 275, 977, 280, 292, 333, 334. Chaff-, 30, 68, 87, 141, 231, 278, 280, 376. 403. Cherry, 178, 244, 245. Chestnut-breasted, 12, 17, 157, 178, 295. G@hilian, 5, 13: Chinese Green-, 363. Crimson, 49, 178. @uban} 13; 49) 99; 155, 157, 160), IR ZO0be ott, 246) (253% 265, 2771, 282, 292, 295, 298 a50) (303, a1, 390, 306. Desert Bull-, 14. Diamond wie i, oy 495 107, Wal 142, Wbb, A772, 178, 244, 245, 246, 250, 253, 270, Dit, Vly ekey Gish sels Bise Banee Diuca, 14, 296, 362, 363. Dufresne’s, 13, 177. Duler’s, 14,.171. Fijian Parrcet-, 12. Vy, We “ig, Sls alan, alleys alee 178, 212, 246, 292, 295, 230) 350, 359, 363, 364, Ba, Biya, Ble, BIS. Fire-tailed. 11, 12, 244, 250. Fortes’ Parrot-, 316. Gayis\ lot wis. Gold) (68, 104 107, 4%; 212, 231, 253, 267, 268, 278, 280, 292, 293, 334, 382. Gold-frontSee. ali Onmee4.os 265; 277, 359: Jap. Haw-. 247. Kleinschmidt’s Parrot-, 317. -Larks, 167, 168,‘ 200. 340, 341, 344, 345, 346, 377, 380, 381. : Ihavender, 12; 98) 303; 215, D7 UES altefoe abyss alkshils 227) 382. L.T. Grass-, 12, 49,-104, 117, 144, AS ull be mel iiemmltiioamelinies Ax, sey, PH, Pash PS), 293, 295, 296, 333) 334 359, 360, 363, 376. Masked Grass-, 12, 49, 63, 117. iyi, ales aS, alae) altel 244, 250; 292; 295: 296: apy ath syd. Melba, 13, 98, 171, 172, 178, 234, 246, 282, 292. Mexican Rose-, 14, 172, 176, 206, 296, 298, 375. Olive, 99. 115; 156, 205, 206, 246, 247, 265, 272, 273, 295, 309, (3b: Painted. 12, 360. Parrot-, ile 249s lbs Si 2438 244, 245, 250. 277, 292, 295, 315-7, 350-9, 387-8, 402. Parson. 1425 Wot, 172, 176; 244 2455 272) 2735 338: Peale’sParrot- 12, 315. Pectoral, 25 bt. i25) 178; 295 Pelzeln’s S2ffren, 155, 359. Peter’s Spotted Fire-, 13, 17. Pileated. 99. Pink-browed [ose-, 171, 172. Pintailed Parrot-, 12, 155, 172, 178, D250. 253; 292, 315; 350: 854, 355, 356, 359, 365, 388-91. Plumbeous, 156. Quail’ (Black-faced), 12, 178. Quail’ (Com); 12) 16) W555 78) 246, 292. Red-faced. 13. Red-headed. 12, 98, 154, 234, 246, 247, 248, 272, 273, 277, 282, 292: 359) 376, 395) 396. Red-headed Bull-, 206, 285. Ribbon, 16. 49, 205, 247, 282. '298, 330, 362, 376 (vide Cutthroat.) Rose-, 166, 202. Rose-breasted Haw-, 13. Nosy-winged Afzhan, 172. Royal Parrot-, 316. 2uficauda, 12, 43, 117, 142, 155, 178, 246, 253; 292, 293; 295, 296, 333, 350, 359, 363. Index to English Names of Birds. Finch, Rufous-tailed Grass-, (vide Rufi- cauda Finch). » , Saffron, 47, 49) 0 1495 (235.253. 292, 359) 3 Scaly-fronted (-crowned), 155, 172, nh PE Sitt(- Pe Sepoy, 13. » Sharp-tailed, 10. 245, 278, 295. Ps Siberian Bull-, 246. >» Singing-, 182. - Snow, 276. » Spice; 10; 46) 495 Tlb,s2b058293 PI Bille, GH)35, » Steel, 141. 5 Striated, 115, 272, 295. i Three-coloured (Tri-coloured) Par- rot-, 12, IWS 252. 36. 354; 355; 73D 6 Spools 388, 389, 402, a Two-coloured Parrot-, 356. » White-throated, 14, 181, 374, 395. a Yellowish, 14, 156. > Yellow-rumped, 296. » “Zebra, 31, 46, 48, 49, 78, 84, 103, DLO} Oa VAD, AAT. at552 bos bits 172; Lire sles S 2206 234, 235, 245, .246, 247, 250; 253, 270; 272, 213s 217, 2T9> 2BIE BIZ— 293; Phin PI SRO Sil, EBB 334, 338, 359, 363, 364, 315, 376) 3, 3825 9395, 396. Finches, 172, 173, 182, 206, 347, 386, 388. Finch-Larks, 341. ee African, - 377. - Ashy-crowned. 167, 168, 200, 345, 346, 398. on Rufous-tailed, 340, 344, 345, 380. Fire-cap, Indian, 4, 16, 276. Fire-crests (vide under Wren—W). Kirefinch: ‘Comt= 12) sie tol eeaieemoas 98. W17,) Lob Lbieedaes 212, 246, 292, 295, 330, 350, 359, 363, 364, 366, 375. ss Jameson's, ‘13. + Peter’s Spotted, 13, 17. of Vinaceous, 13. Flamingo, 100, 298. Floriken, Lesser, 344, 380, 399. Flower-Pecker. Flame-fronted, 4. Flycatcher, 34, 259, -260, 300. oe Fantailed-, 92, 101, 244, 245, 259. 260. s Grey-headed, 101. gs Little Pied, 263. An Orange-gorgeted, 261. _ Paradise, 202. a Pied. 231. v BA Red-breasted, 61, 62, . 91, 101, 131, 204, 236, 261. _ Slaty-blue, 262. bs Sooty, 260. 3 Spotted, 231, 278. Index to English Names of Birds. Flycatcher, c White, Flycatchers. 386. Flveat: her-Warbler, 94, 9 2 Grey 261. Bird, Forktail, Frigate 385. White-browed Blue, 263, White-eyebrowed -headed, $6, 136. Blue 85. Fruit-Pigeons, Blue-tailed, 346. Lilac-fronted. 346. Magenta-capped, 346. Orange-bellied, 346. a Pearl-spotted, 346. Fruitsucker, Blue-winged, 64. 3; Gold-fronted. 14, 17. 31, 160; 1765 2065" 359; _ Hardwick’s. 64. oy Jerdon s, 360. Fulmar, 30, 281. G. Gadwall. 80. 82, 90, 165, 167, Geese, 73, 79, 94, 96, 127, 202. American, 79. Wild. 31. Godwit, Bar-ta‘led, 56, 181, 232. s Black-tailed, 232. Gold-crest (vide under Wren—W.) Goldfinch, 68, 1C4. 147, 212, 231, 267. 268, 278, 280, 293, 334. Es Himalayan. 267-8, 278. a Hybrids, 257-8, 292. Pa Mules, 147. Goose American, 79. 3 Bar-headed, 130, 167. “8 Bernicle, 30, 207. >; Black Brant, 79. > Canadian, 79. Ee Chinese, 140. Zn Coreopsis, 159. a Emperor, 279. “i Grey, 30, 82. - Grey-Lag.. 127, 130, 167. Fs Hutchins’, 279. s Hybrid, 50, 140, 276. » Pink-footed. 279. a Ruddy-headed, 159. - Snow, 79. 276. rc Solan, 174. AP White Brant, 79. White-fronted. 8&2. Goshawika: iw Grackle, 383. i All-black, 383. SA Black-winged, 362. a Dumont’s, 346. = Tinkling. 383. White-eyed, 393. Grassfinch, itso aly@il, ae, ale Slee 234, 246, 351, 358. a Heck’s L.T.. 178, 267, 278. ©, Hybrid, 142. a eat, 12, 49) 104; 17, ae siete. ali. alytsh 253, 277, 278, 279, 295, 296, 333, 334, 360, 363, 376, « 202. and Soe 90: 156, 377. > 268 Grassfinch, Masked, 12, 49, 63, 117, 157, 2 “176, 178; 181, 244; 250 ,292, 295, 296, 333, 359, 376. R.T., 49, 333 (vide Ruficauda Finch—fF.) Oreos Peale: 308, 378. Grebe, 53, 300, 321. Fared, 53. Horned, 232. a Indian, Little, 129. Grebes, 386. Greenfinch, 67, 68, 147, 216, 231, 278 280, 292, 334. "* Chinese, 363. i Himalayan, 27, 91, 157, 171, 363. ry Hybrids, 245. Greenshank. 83, 90, 96, 130, 166, 167, 200: 201, \239: Grosbeak, Black, 13. Plack-headed, 99. Blue, 359, 362. Grey, 13. Pine, 23l, 252, 293, 297. Rose-breasted, 13. Scarlet, 166. _ Streaky-headed, 137. .|Grouse, Sand- (vide under §.) Guan, 171. s Lesser Grey-headed, 206, 374. Guillemots. 174. Gull, 30, 52; 54°56, 82, 243. as Black-backed, 52. a Black-headed. 30, 166, 167, 168, 232. 53 Com., 30. Dominican, 276. _ Glaucous, 30, 174. , Gt. Black-backed, 276, 281. A Herring, 31, 52, 276, 281. Lesser Black-backed, 31, 174. 13 Hanging-Parrakeets, 187. Hangnest, Prazilian, 15. ss Common, 386. Harrier, 56, 80. 96, 164, 201, 236. a Blue. 300. a Marsh, 240, 307. 398. Hawfinch, PBlack-headed, 99. a Black and Yellow, 275-6. 5 European, 231. Japanese, 247. Rose-breasted, 13. n South Am., 381. Hawks, 123, 124, 125, 368, 393. .| awk, Chicken-, 302, 318. a Eagle-, 209. of Falcon-. 174. >» Fish-, 209. » Kestrel, 128, 132, 134, 135, 163, 168, 201, 281, 310, 368. os) ee erlinie SON Obs 11005 12955 4136; GT 174s. 203; 238; 939) 240 ,311, 339, 342, 345, 366. 433 Pigeon-. Be South Index to English Names of Birds. 366. Am., 16. a Sparrow-, 90, 91, 92, 127, 128. 136 167, 168, 203, 209. Heron, 30, 73, 83, 201, 203, 207. Blue, 383, 385. “6 Gom., 91) 130; 203; 370: “ Gt. White, 130. 5 (hes, (Sil, Wei, wets le). 5) Nights (SO Sil 67 2005) 201 939, 241, 309, 3438, 344 Pond, 165, 201. 241, 307, 310 342, 343. 344. White, 325-6. Honbara, 122 test es Honey-eater, 244. 245, 346. Fuscous, 244. Lunulated, 244 New-Holland, 244, 245, 276 Sanguineous, 245 Spine-b:ll, 244, 245. White-cheeked, 244, 245 276. White-plumed, 244, 245 276. Yellow-tu‘t d, 276. Honey-suckers, Purple, 165, 200, 201, 240 310, 311 (vide unde1 Sunbirds). Hoopoe, 100, 192, 193, 194, 237. = Europ., 160. Hornbill, 209. af Grey, 100. 205, 341. Humming-Birds, 165, 170, 285, 286, 387 Hunting Cissa, HYBRID. ” 35 Red-headed x Ribbon, 394, 404. Long-tailed, 3383. Mango, 383. Purple-breasted, 237. Ruby-throated, 133, 170 Sapphire-crested, 138, Small Emera!d, 138, Vervain, 383. 15, 294, 295. Bengalese x Tib Finch, 114. Bengalese x Silverbill, 278. 3ulbul, Red-vented x Rea earcd, 302, 403, 405 Fertile. 248. Conure, den-crownced, £0. Finch, Bib Finch x Bengalese 50. rs Green x Himalayan Sis kin, 405. Bs Green x Sikhim Siskin 245. ay Grey Singing x Linnet 248, 252, 402-3. Parson x L.T. Grass, 15 16, 142. Det x Hecks Ln) (Gnas: 277. , LT, x Masked Grass, 37( Cutthroat 248. Red-headed x 16, 246, 247, 405 HYBRID, Finch, Spice x Bengalese, 375. ; » Spice x Bib) 0b: White-throated x Grey, 374. 3 ~ Zebra x Pengalese, 206. Geese, Snow, 50. Goldfinch x Carary, 272, 29°. ss x himal. Goldfinch. 278. en Mannik’'n. Black-headed x Bengalese, 277. 6 Bronze x Magpie. 245. , a Tagpie x RBencalese. 05. ma ‘A Tri-colour x Berga!- ese, 32, 155, 246, 405. Yellow-headed x Gol- Tarrakeet. Red-rump, 253. Pigeon, Bleed:ng-heart x Vio- let-breasted, £0. Quail, Californian, x S-ua- mata, 362, 363. Red-poll x Canary, 2932. Silverbll x Bengalese, 16. 575, 405. St. Helena Seedeater x TJ in- net, 402. Siskin x Canary, 292. 93 ., (Black-headed) x Canary. 375. (Hooded) x Canary, 16. Sparrow (Yellow-throated) x Canary, 246. St. Helena Seedeater x Tinnet, Bia Thrush, Fieldfare x 248. Twite x Canary, 272, 292) Weaver, Abyssinian x Dwar’. Missel 277. I. Ibis, Black, 127. 131, 20s 24 esos On. 310, 311, 341, 343. Bronze, 8&3. Pelican, 203: Warty-headed, 92, 238. White, 242) 307; sl, vse sd 342, 343, 344. 377, 380. 381, 401. J. Jacana, Pheasant-tailed, 378, 398. Jackdaw. 88. 89, 100, 129, 131, 136, 232 Jay Blue, 192, 319. f , European, 232, 295. Loo-choo, 294, 295. e Pileated, 99. Yucatan, 6, 15, 159) Jay-Thrush, Chinese, 15. Fe Black-throated, 181. . KS Kestrel, 128, 132, 134, 135, 163, 168, ‘ 201. 281, 310, 368. Index to English Names of Birds. King-Bird, 300. Kin: fisher, 100, 166, 174, 319, 384. Com. Indian, &9, 200. “A Indian, 16. . Pied; 915 95; 130: 5 White-breasted, 2, 93. Kingfishers, 386. Kates 95) 90) oly. 202, Sil. » Dlack-winged, 161, 167. 236, 23s. 309, 345, 398. 6 Brahminy, 341, 377. Pariah, 132. 125. Kittiwakes, 30, 174, 281. Knots, 181. Koels, 191, 193, 203, 238, 340. by, Lammergeier, 128. Lapwing, 90, 130, 162, 167, 174, 243, alt, = Red-wattled, 90, 131, 162. 167, 168, 238, 243. ‘ Sociable, 164. Lark, Bush-, 241, 243. - Calandra, 172. * Crested, 128, 309. > Finch-, 167, 168, 200, 340, 341, 344, 345, 346, 377. is Horned. 301. > Jndian, 363. » Indian Sky-, 94, 130. <5 Indus Sand, 91, 168. ~ Rufous-tailed Desert, 128. Ss Shore, 231, 301. 33 Short-toed, 128, 134, 160. » OSky-, 94, 128, 131, 134, 160, 174; 231. 4 Sparrow-, 301. » Wood-, 231. * Yellow-breasted, 301, 317. Larks, 36, 130, 243, 280, 368. Laughing-Thrush, Black-gorgeted, 294. 5 Black-throated, 90. fe. Variegated, 363. 5 West. Yellow-winged | 297. Linnet, 87, 147, 207, 231, 248, 252, 292, 334, 402, 403. ae Eastern, 161. ~ Hybrids, , 248, 252. - Red-headed, 318, 391. Lories, 182, 208. Lorikeet, Forsten’s, 97, 295, 346. Fe Hybrids, 182. ss Ornate, 9. a Red-collared, 9, 18, 97, 177, 203, 293, 295, 313, 314) A Swainson’s, 18, 182. Lory, Black, 346. Biue-sireaked, 295, 346. » GOhattering, 17, 18, 50,-182, 295. ny (Onsibenlsfonaly EN{ ;, Crimson-fronted, 346. Pann.) (280; Hybrid, 182. Yellow-backed, 9, 18, 97, 295, 435 Lovebird, Black-cheeked, 9, 44, 49, 97, 104, 126, 180, 182, 186, D2, 245, 246, 247, 250, DBO 278 282) 29T. 298; Shop} aul Sl, Bh, csi. 347, 362. Black-faced, 9. Blue-winged, 9, 126, 382. Guiana, 178, 278. Lavender-headed, 111. Madagascar, 9,. 49) 97, 211, V805 1234 200) (298) 33; Boo, OD; Peach-taced, 9, 97, 245, 246, 252, 304, 377. Red-faced, 9, 110. I Red-headed, 179, 253. Lovebirds, 97, 332. M. Macaw, Blue. 139. Blue and Yellow, 45. ted and Blue, 45. Red and Yellow, 8. ee Yellow-headed 385. Magpie, 367. European, 207. ee -Robin, 101, 191, 380. Mallard, 52, 80; 90; 96, 129, 130, 159; 167, 299, 321, 368. Manakin. PBlue-headed. 138. Mango, The. 383. Mannikin, Black-headed, 10, 46, 47, 110, Zi 29D 290s O30: Bronze, 10, 46, 47, 140, 155, lov, 176; 1815245, 253; PA, PAS PRS, BRIO}, Hybrids, 16, 32, 140; 155; 172, 245,, 246, 277 . Magpie, 10, 47, 140, 176, 245 246, 296, 314, 375, 376, 395, 396: tnfous-backed, 115, 295, 296. Tri-colourm 105 32) 47. 155; 157, 172, 246, 295, 296, 330. ‘a White-headed. 10, 46, 98, 157, 176, 205, 296, 330. Pe Yellow-rumped, 12, 246, 295. Mannikins, 160, 225, 235, 272, 293, 331, 362. Manucode, Black, 346. % Violet, 346. Marsh-Bird, Flame-breasted, 15. A Yellow-headed, 15. Martin, 209. Crag, 128. Dusky Crag. 241. ae House, 281. * Pale Sand. 165. 3 Red-headed, 91. Megapode, 208. Purple-capped, 9, 18, 97, 295, 346. Merganser, ” Sand, 90, 94, 93, 130, 202, 207. Duperry’s, 346. 82, Red-breasted, 82, 436 Index to English Names of Birds. Merlin, 30, 95, 100, 129, 135, 174, 366.] Owl, 183. » Red-headed, 95, 167, 203, 238, ; Aust. Marbled, 251. 239) 240; sii, 339) 342: Brazilian, ble 345, 381. > Brown Fish-, 308. Mesia, Silver-eared, 16, 141, 159, 252. ,, Burrowing, 251. 253, 277, 314. » Cyprian Scops, 251. Minivet, 100. » Dusky Eagle-, 89, 204. a3 Large. 285. » Magle-, 133, 134, 204, 246, 251. Short-billed, 16, 90, 200, 201. .. Fernando Hagle-, 251. 285. » Indian Little, 132, 164: Small, 16. 90; 93, 134, 236 , Jardine’s Pigmy, 251. 237, 239, 285, 309, 341. ;, Little, 323: Minla, Red-tailed, 4, 16, 285. » Mexican Pigmy, 251. Moorhens, 80, 83, 366. : Rock Horned, 130, 204. Munia, White-throated, 311, 312, 401. ,, Scops Eared, 236. Mynah, 242, 297, 341, 344. 378. ;» Sharpe’s Wood-, 158. a Bank, 100, 133, 168, 310. ;, Short-eared, 186. Black-crested, 236. » Sparrow-, 251. * Black-headed, 310, 378, 379, 380 » Lawny, 251. - Common, 95, 133, 192, 339. Owlets, 348. x Crested, 297. Oyster-Catcher, 174, 232, 281. ae (Gir, lebibl, PSB} 53 Jungle, 95, 131, 167. iP: 3 Larger Hill, 15. - Lesser Hill, 15. Paddy-Birds, 100. ae Malabar, 155. 196, 206, 235] Panther-Birds. 245. 247, 296. Pardoletes, 245. es Mandarin, 15. Parrakeet, 65, 96. 347-9. - Pagoda, 252, 296. 3 Adelaide, 19, 49, 279, 297, Pied, 2425308 310) 311, (312 324. 342, 343, 399: ss Alexandrine, 9, 97, 168, 217-8, 245, 297, 331, 362, All-Green. 179, 180, 245 ,297, N. 347-9. a Australian, 183. Nightingale, 100. 173, 207, 231, 292 a Banded, 179, 278, 297. 296, 330. a Barnard’s, 252, 279. Nightjar, 207, 342, 345, 380, 381, 398 4 Barraband’s, 279. 401. - Bauer’s, 331, 362. Niltava, 259. a Blossom-headed, 89, 90, 93, % Great, 33. 94, 95, 96, 101, 127, 179, ee Iuarge, 4, 116,33: 182. Rufous-bellied, 16, 34, 35, 115 _ Blue-banded, 249. 213-4, 285. ss Blue-bonnet, 20, 44, 297. Small, 34. _ Rlue-winged Grass, 244, 245. Nonpareil, Pin-tail (vide Pin-tailed Par- ao Bourke’s, 64, 279. rot-Finch). os Canary-winged, 178. Nukta, 341. = Crimson-winged, 97, 250. Nun, Black-headed, 78, 85. a Green, 95, 96, 128. Tri-colour, 103. < Half-Moon, 180, 331. Nutcracker, 232. as Hanging, 187. ws Columbian, 319. 5 Hooded, 9, 244, 245. Nutbatch, 86, 154, 232, 273-5. a Hybrid, 253. Velvet-fronted, 285. i Jendaya, 179, 331. es King, 250. Re Lineolated, 20, 297. oO. Ke Lutino Blossom-head, 15, 285. : Pr Lutino Ring-necked, 15. Oriole, 174. FD Many-coloured, 20, 49, 206, ,, Black-headed, 101. 246, 250, 252, 297. Bullock’s. 318. ‘5 Mealy Rosella, 10, 179, 182, Golden, 202, 232, 238, 309, 360. 205, 218, 279, 293, 297, Ortolans. 326. 362. Ouzel, Black-throated, 136, 204. _ Moustache, 179, 362. ,» Grey-winged, 132, 136, 155, 157. a Nenday (Nanday), 376. 168, 171, 196, 206, 245, 3 Orange-flanked, 178, 293. 247. . Passerine, 178, 234, 245, 277, » Ring, 231, 280, 376, Index to English Names of Birds. 1 Parrakeet, Pennant’s, 19, 179, 244, 245, 250, 258,279; 297, 331.' 362. oA Port Lincoln, 182, 252. an Quaker, 9, 277, 331, 376. ‘A Queen Alexandra, 9, 97. 9 ted-rumped, 9, 20, 44, 63, 65, 97, 179, 182, 234. 245; 250, 252, 253, 277, 297, 303. oA Red-Rosella, 9, 16, 170, 179, 180; 182; 198, 279, 297, 362. és Red-winged, 182. :. Ring-necked, 179. 182, 297. As Rose-headed, 179. _ Rosella, 9, 20, 43, 97, 170, 198, 206, 218, 244, 250,| Bolte oloe A Stanley, 140, 206, 246, 279, 331. _ Tovi, 20, 297, 348. Aa Tui, 9, 178, 180. i White-winged, 9, 97. : Yellow-bellied, 252, 385. Parroquet (vide Parrakeet). Parrot, 96, 378, 404. a Amazon (vide under A.) 3 Aubry’s, 9, 97. - Black-billed, 385. es Blue-rumped, 9 353 Brown-headed, 6. ee Eclectus (vide under E.). 5 Grey, 8; 17, 182, 234 293; cuRS Bisiile i Levaillant’s, 6, 9. x Meyer’s 98. 7 Red-vented, 9, 98. Ruppell’s, 98. a Senegal, 9, 98, 159. a Yellow-billed, 385. Parrots, 385, 386. Parrot-Finch, Blue and Green, 315. a Blue-breasted, 316. er Blue-collared, 315. on Blue-fronted, 316. m9 Common, 11, 12, 49, 115, 181. 243, 244, 250, 277, 292. 295, 315-7, 350-9, 388 402. i. Fijian, 12. oF Forbes’, 316. A Kleinschmidt’s, 317. a Peale’s. 12, 315. Fr Pin-tailed, 12, 155, 172, 178 2505 253, 292, 315, 350 3D4, 355, 356, 359, 365. 388-91. 4 Royal, 316. 7 Three-coloured, 12, 178, 252 316, 354. 355, 356, 359 387, 388. 389, 402. ro Tri-coloured (as above). Two-coloured, 356. Parrot- Finches, 243. 315-7, 350-7, 358 387-8. Partridge, 123, 125. rf Black, 227, 312, Partridge, Chukar, 359. ‘ 3 Grey, 379, 400. nS Hey’s, 155. s Indian Grey, 236. Mountain, 320. a Stone, 359. Pastor, Rosy. 204, 231, 234, 296, 297, 342, 343, 344, 345, 372, 380, 399. Pea-fowl, 240, 293, 294, 341, 400. Pelican, 55, 56, 81, 385. oe Brown, 385. White, 54, 299. Penguin, Black-footed, 277. Peregrines, 57, 82, 91, 93, 96, 122-5, Lsllo2n loss 136, V6 Petrel, 30. 0 Stormy, 281. Pheasant, 233, 276. Crow (vide under C.). “ Golden, 180, 212; 293. Piculet, Speckled, 261. Pie, Wandering Tree-, 15, 134, 310, 345. » Yellow-billed Blue-, 297. Pigeon, 404. 3 Aust.-Crested, 43, 44. Fr Bar-tailed, 367. A Bleeding-heart, 43, 44. BS Blue Rock, 128, 367. se Bush, 208. : Bronze-winged, 44, 208, (vide under Dove). ee Fruit-(vide under F.). » Green, 100, 241, 242. 75 Naked-eyed, 276. 5 Southern Green, 241, PA Victorian Crowned, 253. or Wonga-wonga, 279. » Wood-, 367. » Yellow-bellied Ground, 346. Pigeons, 385, 394. Pin-tail Nonpareil (vide under P.T. Par rot-Finch). Pipit, 30, 36, 94, 343. aS Brown Rock. 165. Meadow, 30, 231. Richard’s, 30, 32. Rock, 30, 174, 281. — Tree, 167, 173, 202, 204, 231 Pitta, New Guinea, 346. Plover, 35, 36, 40, 164. an Bronze-wing. 209. a Golden, 174, 232. wr) (Greens 2a2: , Great Stone, 36, 37, 202. on Grey, 232. » Kentish, 72, 73, 93, 166, 168. Kildeer, 317. Little Ringed, 72, 92, 164, 168, 237. Norfolk, 36, 37. Ringed, 73, 90, 232. Sand, 37. Stone, 168. Swallow-, 38, 100. Pochard. 93, 165. Pr Common, 159, 162, . Red-crested, 159, 276, 438 Pochard, Red-headed, 54, 81, 82, 299. Rosy-billed, 159. White-eyed, 165 Pratincole, 38, 41, 70. * Lituie Indian, 38, 136, 165. Puffin, 30, 174, 281. Albino, 281. Q. faye, 7S) SPL Se Sie, es, Pits Bro, 340, 369, 394, 404. Black-breasted, 340. Black-breasted (Mexican), 31, €8, 362, 363. a Black-breasted Button, 346. 5 3ush-, 172. 5 Bustard Button. 172. Button, 381. Califomnian, 31, 154, 179) 2b; 234, 246, 362, 363, 375, 376. Chinese Painted, 359. Common. 327. Douglas. 14. Finch (vide under Tinch). Ilarlequin, 359. Hybrid, 31, 362, 363. Jungle Bush-, 1 247. Little Button, 172, 243, 244, 400 Montezuma, 212, 359. Painted, 31. Rain, 340, 341, 342, 344, 359 atoll, aie}s). Squamata, 362, 363. x Valley, 320, 367. Quit, Banana, 138. R. Rail, 82. Aust., Water, 180. + Land, 232. ae Water, 82, 232. Raven, 30, 124, 134, 135, 163, 164, 174 232, 241, 281, 368, 380. Blue-eyed, 346. Razor-bills, 174. Redbreast, 231. is Japanese. 16, 99. Redpoll, Hybrid, 292. Lesser, 206, 231, 246, 247, 292: = Mealy, 30, 31, 206, 231. 247. Redshank, 90, 92. 130, 166, 174, 181 200; 2035 232: Redstart, 30. 207, 231. Black, 231. Blue-fronted, 16, 30. Indian, 96, 101, 201. Plumbeous, 155. Redwings, 30. 174, 231. Reed-Birds, Yellow-headed, 360. Reedlings. Bearded. 180. 181, 206, 245. Reeves, 162, 166, 181, 243. Rhea, Darwin’s, 279. Road-Runner, 321, 368. Robin, 244. 260, 394. ,» American. 31, 320, 360, 3877, » Blue, 1, 159, Index to English Names of Birds. 95: 101, 180, 206. 89, 285. 207. Blue-headed, Brown-backed, Bush-, 1, 16, Wuropean, 30, Flame-breasted, 245. Indian, 100, 240, 310, 342. Jap. Redbreast, 16, 99. Loo-choo, 16, Magpie, 101, Pekin, 15, ; Robin, » 191, 380. 85; Sine Oommen 159, 76; 182; 234 252; 253; 277, 2925 297, 330: Redbreast, 231, 384. Red-capped, 244, 245. Red-flanked Bush-. 1, Scarlet-breasted, 2435, - Yellow, 244, 245. icck-Thrush, Blue, 93, 161. Blue-headed, 16, Chestnut-bellied, Pied, 16, 110; 25, 296, 16, 89, 285. 276, 285. 276. Blue, 253. Roller, 192. European, Indian, 94 8&8, 89; 127, PPA 166, 202. Mexican, 14, 172, 296, 298, 375. Pink-browed, 171, 172. Pastor, 204, 231, 284, 296) 378, 380, 399. Ruffs, 162, 166, 181, 232, 243. 232. 128, 132, 129, W3i; 239 308, 136, 309. Rooks, 167, Rosefinch, 176, 206, Rosy 297, Ss. Sanderling, 232. Sand-Grouse, 127, 241, 242. Black-bellied, 134. 3 Pin-tailed, 90, 240, 242. Sand-Martin. 90, 94. 95, 130, 202, 207. Sandpiper, 35, 73, 201, 232, 243° (281, 342. 5 Common, 90, 130, 166, 202, 203 237, 240, 281, 380. a Curlew-, 52. re Green, 96, 127. 166, 168, 200, 201 203, 236, 240, 341, 342, 381, 399, 400, 401. 5 A) Wood,-202, 232, 237, 377. Scaup, 81. Am. Lesser. 159. Common, 159. Seimitar-Babbler, Rusty-cheek, Scissor-bill, Indian, 41, 68. Seed-Eater, 235. v7 St. 16. Helena, 252, 272, 296, 363, 402. Sulphury, 245, Black, 13, 245, ; 264. , Seed-Finch, 265, 363. Serin, 231. Grey-necked, 13, 245 _ Yeliow-rumped, 247, White-throated, 296. Shag, 174, 281. Shama, 99. 160, 254, 296, 314, Shearwater, Manx, 281, 395. Index to English Names of Birds. Sheld-drake, Com., 159. Ruddy, 90, 96, 127, 130, 159 160, 167, 200, 202. Shikra, 91, 92, 95, 100: Shore-Lark, 231, 301. Shovellers, 80, 81, 129, 159, 165, 200 202. Shrike, 236. » Bay-backed, 96, 129, 200, 399. a Brown, 95. Com. Wood-, 237. Great Grey. 132. Grey, 168, 300. Indian Grey. 160, 162. Pale Brown, 91. Rufous-backed. 164, 201, 341, 242, 399, 400. = Wood-, 309. Sibia, Black-headed, 16, 99, 253. Silverbill, 46, 49, 84-6, 110, 111, 140 141, 205, 235, 246, 253 278, 296, 311, 330, 375 376, 401. African, 84. Hybrids. 16, 140, 141, 278. > Indian, 84. Siskin, 31, 280. = Am. Pine; 98, 99. black. = ooo, » Black-headed. 13, 43, 157, 296 359. a Chilian, 13. » Colombian, 20; 77. j = Huropean, 27, 68, 231, 292. i F Himalayan, 27, 104. » Hooded, 20. 177. 252, 267, 268-9 Yoi(lsy, Bha33)5 7 Hybrids,- 15, 16, 245, 292. Paeesikhimen vole Lo.) 285 104. (216 278, 359. Siva, Blue-winged. 31. 141, 377. Skimmer, 41, 42, 68, 71. 0 Indian, 166. Skua, Great, 30, 174. 3 Richardson’s. 281. Skylark, 94, 128, 131, 134, 160, 174, 231. Indian, 94, 130. Smew. 92. Snake-Bird, 238. Indian. 100. BS Snipe. ole 96; L295 1625 174s 3209) Sparrow, 183. 192. 281. or Abyss. Yellow, 297. Diamond (vide Diamond Finch Hmin’s, 362. Hedge. 251. 275., 280: hopse, 93: lind 23i- “378: Hybrid, 246. Java. 19. 46. 64, 110, 111. 141 147, 172-35 Wei, 1R2. 272 252) 25 Does Ooooe Tree. 231, 277. White Java. 10, 43, 44-78 104. 173, 253, 296, ~365 Yellow, 178, 181. Yellow-throated, 199, 246, 342. 439 Spoonbill, 310, 383. Starling, 30, 89, 136, FA Black, 209. An Common, 231. Glossy, 15, 17, Red-winged, 83. White-headed, 99. - Yellow-headed, 83. Stilt, 52, 56, 165. Black-winged, 52. S05 9bs sO, 166" 200; Temminck’s, 93, 95. Stone-Chat, 231. Indian, Teak, ORY, Fr Black, 127, - Black-necked, s» Open-bill, 242. Painted, 203, White, 202. White-necked, 127, 203, 241, 242, 307, 310, 342, 344, 378, 380, Sugarbird, Black-headed, 14, 17, 36¢ 174, 201, 281. Ch); Stint, 203, 240, 96. Stork, 135s 380. 164. 342, 580. 237, 229, 341, 398. np Blue; e159; i2, Ait) 225-9; 245, 292. rp Purple, 14, 159, 168, 177, 192, 212, 278, 360. Rufous-throated, 14. oF Yellow-winged, 44, 154, 156, 159, 177, 252, 360, 365. Sugarbirds, 404. Sunbird, 100, 171, 206, 381, 404 (vide Honey-sucker). Amethyst-rumped, 14, 283, 284. Black, 284. Black-breasted Yellow-backed, 14, 283, 284. Gold-fronted, 381. Greater Amethyst, 14, 2814. Greater Double-collared, Lesser Double-collared, 14, 245, 284. Malachite, 104, 244, 245. Nepal Yellow-backed, 283. Purple, 13. 100, 278, 283, a Purple-Green, 283, 284. Southern Malachite, 14, 17, 285. 284. 128, 130, 173, 174, 232, 281, Or Ashy Wood-, 360. Bank. 318. Chimney, Clift, 165: Striated, 127, 132, 134. 16 162, 163, 241, 310. Sykes’ Striated, 201, 342. Wire-tailed, 100, 201, 241, 28 t. 244 Swallow, 127, 131, 201, 380. 207. ~ B81, Swan, 80. Bewick’s. 159, Black-necked, 102, 129, 207, 280. Alpine, 165, 201. Indian, 131, 161, 219. 279. Swilt, oe 440 Index to English Names of Birds. ys Thrush, Variegated Laughing-, 363. » West. Yell.-winged Laughing-, 297 Tailor-Bird, 101, 263, 308. ; White-throated Ground-, 50, 296. Tanager, Archbishop, 155. Tiercel, 91, 96. a Black, 155, 177, 246, 282, 37v.) Tinamou, Rufous, 293. mr Black-backed, 14. Tit, 24. Black-cheeked, 14, 15. » Bearded, 231, 330, 363, 364. Bley Asien la OOS lina Blues (3h) 207 2oleweeiss Blue and Black, 14, 17. Cole, 207, 231, 273, 274: Festive, 14, 99, 2.2. Crested, 231. Gold-shouldered Wuphonia, 15 Crested Black-, 263. Lesser Rufous-headed, 15, Great, 231, 273. Maroon, 14, 262, 386. Green-backed, 132. Necklace, 99, 1:7, 292, 382. Ind. Grey, 93, 132, 200. m Palm, 99. Long-tailed, 22, 24, 63, 154, 155, “3 Pectoral, 292. 207, “23. 403: Pretre’s, 14, 157. Marsh, 231. Red and Black, 14. » Turkestan Pendulum, 168. Scarlet, 14, 157, 160, 292 Tit-Warbler, 244, 245. Superb; 1/4; 99; of, 11G05 292) s Striated, 244. 360. Tody, 384. Tri-colour, 14, 99, 160, 254. Jamaican, 383. 292, 360. Toucan, Lesser Sulphur-breasted, 293. fe Violet, 386. Touracou, Pink-crested, 16. se White-capped, 5, 14. 3 Red-crested, 281. Vanagers, 386, 387, 404. Tree-Creeyers, 154, 155. Merle 52. b4.. SO) Sil 90> (935 129). 30: -Warblers, 240, 346, 878, 380, 381, 160, 164, 165, 167, 208 -Warblers. Booted, 381. 232, 344. -Warblers, Sykes’, 240, 346, 381. ,, Am. Ringed, 159. -Pie. Wandering, 15, 134. we bankaleedliag: Trogon. Cuban, 16. Blue-winged, 159. Trouvial. 159. Chestnut-breasted, 159. Flame-shouldered, 360, 377. poeeChilianaelibO: mn Yellow-headed, 99. . Cinnamon, 81, 366. Turkey, Brush-, 208. Common, 129, 159, 276. Turnstones, 30, 232. Falcated, 159. Twite, 30, 181. 231, 292. Garganey, 159. Hybrid, 292. » Ringed, 159. Tenn 1305 6Sha Bos OS) 42 b4) wi0,) ak 281. V. Black-bellied, 70, 90, 167. Gull-billed, 165, 200, 201. Vulture, 100. Tndian River, 41, 42, 95, 167. ee Black, 129) 167, (203: Lesser, 71. a Egyptian, 167, 236, 240, 311. Little, 200. Griffon, 89, 128. Sooty, 56, 69. King, 89, (935) 96.) Zip 2s; ,, Whiskered. 71. 129, 167, 201, 203, 204, Thrush, 207, 382. 236, 238. 240, 381. American. 320. pa White-backed, 89, 128, 236, Black-gorgeted Laughing-, 294. 240, 311. Black-throated Laughing-, 90. Blue, 16, 183. Blue Rock-, 93, 161. W. Blue-headed Rock-, 16, 276. ., Chestnut-bellied Blue Rock-, 256) Waders, 52, 56, 83, 92, 93, 180, 181, ; 200; , Chinese Jay-, 15. 202, 232. 369. Cuban Red-legged, 296, 297. | Wagtail, 127, 165, 201, 343, 380. Inglish, 320. * Blue-headed, 231. i Hermit. 320. Grey, 30, 90, 95, 231, 280, 281; Pr Migratory, 360. 399. Missel, 231, 248, 279-80. Hodgson’s, Yellow-headed, 162. Qrange-headed Ground-, 31, 50. Large Pied, 309, 380. 160, 253, 296, 360, 377. a Masked, 90, 343, 381. ,. Pied Rock-, 16. oe Pied, 32, 231, 281. Red-bellied, 276. 55 Water, 209. | Stoyeres, BE “A White, 90, 231, 343. Sorry, 359. . Yellow, 204, 231, 280, ne Waetail, Yellow-headed, 129, 162. _ Yellowish, 236. Warbler, Blyth’s, 239. Fh Blyth’s Reed-, 399. 3 Booted Tree-, 3. a Bristled Grass-, 378, 380. 5s Fantail, 340, 342, 345, 378, 381. } a Garden-. 173, 231. ” Grass-, 308, 378. on Grasshopper, 207. _ Icterine, 231. aS Large-crowned Willow, 399. 3 Reed, 166, 231, 308, 378, 399.; = Sedge, 231. | 7 Sykes’ Tree,’ 240, 346, 381. ee Tit-, 244, 245. of Tree-, 240, 346, 378, 380, 381. aj Willow, 173, 207, 231. Be Wood, 231. a Wren-, 36, 93, 94, 166. 239, 240, 243, 309, 312, 340,) 345, 378, 381, 397. | Water-fowl, 15%. 209, 294, 298, 385, 386. a) sen, 232, 398: Waxbill, 24, 85, 160, 182, 225, 272, 293, 306. » Black-cheeked, 13, 157, 360. » Black-faced, 105, 106-110, 178, 298. » Blue-breasted, 13, 17, 31, 98, sya, alga abide, PAR Pair BD9, (399, O90. is Common (vide Grey). a Delamere’s, B.-F., 105. a Dufresne’s, 360. me Gold-breasted, 12, 47, 98, 115, Pate 54 55: 57, 176; 180, 181, 245, 250, 253, O77, 330, 350, 359, 364, 382. oy. (Garry RS ai a EG A Se HOSS AS bss W5ie, L716: Bi, 253; 292) 295, 330; Index to English Names of Birds. 359, 364, 365, 377. Grey Black-faced, 105. Orange-breasted (vide Gold-breas- ted). Orange-cheeked, 12, 47, 49, ible, wel aes, alGiRl ITS 23s 269" 270; * Bei; cosh Bie Biyep BIS). Ruddy. 13, 98, 360. Senegal, 49. Somali Black-faced, 106. St. Helena, 12, 47, 98, 115, 154, 155, 157, 181, 250; 253; 292, 295, 365. Sydney, 172, Vinous Black-faced, 105. Violet-eared, 13, 155, 157, 292, 295, 314, 376. Zebra, 12, 16, 87, 395 (vide Gold-breasted). 118, 245, 364, 178, 244, 245, 295. 178, also Waxwing, 30, 156, 176, 212, 232, 252. Siberian, 277. 44} Weaver, 145, 146, 147, 160, 172, 214, 225, 235, 250, 265, 266, 293; (edly o4l, 3so2, (ob0s 382. in Abyssinian, 277, 306, 363. os African, 318. a Atlas, 296. » Baya, 10, 146, 147, 148, 240, 243, 309, 312, 340. 343, 345, 378. - Black-faced. 215. oo Black-headed, 10, 146, 148, 215, 216, 252, 280, 281, 296, 306, 362, 363, 364. ‘; Blyth’s, 343. » Bronze, 10, 146. ms Brewn-backed, 176. » Oape, 364. 0 Chestnut-backed, 10. » Comoro, 146, 148, 176, 296. be Crimson-crowned, 11, 146, 148, 176. » Dwart, 277, 282, 305-6, 364. ‘ Giant Baya, 172. s Grenadier. 10, 47, 146, 147, 148, 176, 182, 215, 296, 362, 364. ) Half-masked, 147, 296. i Hybrid, 277, 362. » Madagascar, 146, 148, 176, 181, 296, 365. AF Mahali, 10, 146. er Masked. 362. Napoleon, 47, 146, 147, 176, 182, 206, 215, 247, 330, 362, 365. Orange, 10. 48-9, 50, 141. 146, 147. 148, 176, 182, 215, 296, 330, 362, 363, 364, 365. * Prince’s Jsland, 146. » Red-billed. 46, 48, 50, 115, 146, 147, 182, 215, 247, 330, 362, 365, 395. ro Red-headed, 146, 147, 176. Pe Rufous-necked, 11, 146, 147, 215, 306, 363. ee Russ’, 146, 182. 365. = Senegal, 215. ‘ .; Short-winged, 10, 146, 147, 216, 363. PA Small-masked, 10, 146. 7 Speke’s, 206. » |! Taha, 10, 146, 176, 296, 364, Pr Yellow, 47, 146. Wheatear, 30, 94. 136, 231, 281, 401 x Pied, 401. a) is Whimbrel, 30, 52, 281. Whinchat, 231. White-eyes, 244, 245. 9253. oa African, 177, 2465, a Aust., 244 9245. 5 Indian, 154, 156, 165, 246, 282. White-throat, 90, 173. rr Greater. 231. ” Lesser, 173, 231. 442 Index to English Names of Birds. Whydah, 160, 214, 250, 266. | Woodshrike, 309. ” Bocage’s. 363. | Wood-Swallow. Ashy, 360. Crimson-ringed, 172. | Wren, Blue, 244, 245, 276. e Giant, 10. Common, 30, 231. 5 Golden-backed, 10, 146, 266. | ,, Emu, 245 es Golden-coll, Paradise, 10. | ., Gold-crested, 30, 231. Jackson’s, 172, 195-8, 206, 266, Green Willow. 208. 5 Paradise, 47, 68, 146. 177, 182, | Large-crowned Willow, 203. 253, 266, 296, 363, 381. ,, Wallow, 132, “2035 20tmareoo: $5 Pin-tailed, 98, 146, 253, 266, 296.) Wren-Babbler. Black-throated, 16. x Queen, 10, 266. Wren-Warbler, 93, 240, 243, 309, 59 Red-collared, 146, 266. 340, 345, 378. ne White-winged., 296. a8 Ashy, 239) ‘sien so, 5 Yellow-backed, 266. Indian, 94, 166, 309, Wigeon, 53, 80, 81, 82, 159. Rufous-fronted, 340, . American, 159. 378, 381, 400. 55 Chiloe, 159. j v1 Streaked, 26, 240. Wood-Chat, White-breasted, Blue. 2. Wryneck, 173. 208, 232. Woodcock, 30. ; Common, 100. Woodpecker, 194. 366. - Black and Grey, 319. Black and White, 319. Ws Cal. Pied, 319. Common, 163, 319. Golden-backed, 163. Yellow Hammers (Californian), 321. Great Spotted. 163, 232. Yuhina, Black-chinned, 16, 252. Green, 222, 266. Greenish-Yel'ow, 321. Less. Spotted, 232. Vi, Pied. 100. 174, 366. Pigmy, 16. \ Sindh Pied. 163. | Zosterops, 154, 156. 165, 177, 244, Yellow-fronted Pied. 89. 246,. 2538. 282: ——_@—_—_ Index to Inset (Pink Paper). Associates’ Roll, 15. Bird Market, 20, 25, 30, 36, 43, 50, 58, 64, 69, 73, 80 Changes and Corrections of Address, 25, 20, 36, 42, 57, 63, 69, 72, 79. 20. Committees, Donations. 19. 24, 29, 42, 50, 57, 63, 67, 73, 79. Errata re Roll, 25, 30. Illustration and Deficit Funds, 19, 24 List of Breeding Medal Winners, List of Exhibition Medal Winners, Members’ Roll, 2-15. , 29, 42) 50, teks (O07 43. DTG (ss, (N, Teh Oo) New Members, 19, 24, 29, 36, 42, 49, 55, 63, 67. 71. 79. Notices to Members, 17, 23, 29, 35, 41, 49, 55, 63, 67, Officers of the Club, 1, 23. a. Post Mortem Examinations, 18, 35, 41, 55, 68. Rules, 15-7. Show Notices and Reports, Show Season, 43, 72, 80. 76. 245, ee 1a as 4 ce Lf Raat eee cas ie ry Sa ices Sat B 3 _ JANUARY, 1914 President : ' Tur LApy DUNLEATH. a ——— Vice-Presidents : H. R. FILtMer. E. Hopkinson, D.S.O., M.A., M.B. . E. J. Brook, F.Z.S. SS —— @——_ ; 4 Council : THE CounTESS OF WINCHILSBA. Dr. J. E. R. McDonaGu. Mrs. C. ANNINGSON. ; Rev. G. H. Raynor, M,A. Miss M. E. Baker. W- T. RoGers. Mrs. BE. A. H. Harriey; A. SILVER. W. A. BAINBRIDGE. R. Suaceirr. W. Bamrorp. ; A. SUTCLIFFE. E. W. CHAPLin. W.R. TEMPLE. Dr. J. Easton-Scorr. H. WILLFoRD. 3 Dr. Puivip Gossr, M.B.O.U. Hon. W. B. Wrorresiey, F.ZS. >. Dr... Hetvey. i . see ae ee Hon. Editor : ~ Westey T. Pacer, F.Z.S., M.B.N.H.S., GLenvietp, GRAHAM AVENUE, MircuaAm, SURREY. ; ——_@——_ % Hon. Secretaries: Hon. Treasurer and Business Secretary : SIDNEY WILLIAMs, F.ZS., HouuaANpd Loper, EpMonron, Lonpon, N. Hon. Evhibitional Secretary: StANLEY M. Townsend, 3, SwiFt STREET, Fucnam, Lonpon, S.W. : +. . Hon Veterinary Surgeon: Henry Gray, M.R.C.V.S., 23, Upper PHILLIMORE PLACE, KENSINGTON, f Lonpon, W. —— e— Hon. Solicitor: H. R. Fitumer, CHURCH STREET, BRIGHTON. —_@—_——_ Hon. Photographer : H, Wittrorp, Upianp View, HAVENSTREET, RYDE. 2 Roll of Members. ogo Honorary MEMBER: Fiuimmr, H. R. (Founder), Brendon, 22, Harrngton Road, Brighton. omo Apams, A. W., 118, Northampton Road, Market Harborough. (May, 1912). "ats AupERSON. Miss R., Park House, Worksop. (March, 1909). ALLAN, J. W., Bondgate, Alnwick, (April, 1911). Atmonp, The Rev. F., Branxholme House, Lincoln Road, poke borough. (Feb., 1906). Dormant. Ames, Mrs. Hosart, North Easton, Massachusetts, Me S.A. (March, A OHS): AmsuEk, Dr. Mauricr, Eton Court House, High Street, Eton, Windsor. (March, 1909). Anprews. F. J., Gordon House, Woodbridge. (Dec., 1911). ANnineson, Mrs., Walt-ham-sal, Barton Road, Cambridge. (Dec., 1910). AppuEBy, K. A., Post Office of India, Amritsar, Punjab, India. (Oct., 1910). ARMSTEIN, MARK, 30, Grand Parade, Cork. (March, 1906). ArMsTRONG, CHas., The Grove, Cambridge. (Aug., 1913). ArnoTT, Prrer, 37a, Grange Road, Alloa. (Dec., 1913). Arricui, L. J., Harrison View, Watson Crescent, Edinburgh. (Mar., 1908). ArtuHur C. P., Hillcrest, Melksham. (Feb., 1913). Astiry. H. Te M.A., F.Z.S., M.B.0O.U., Brinsop Court, Hereford Guecr 1909). ATTWELL, Haroup E., Cassia Grove, Halfway Tree, P.O., Kingston, Jamaica, B.W.I. (March, 1910). Austin, W. E., Wandsworth Public Libraries, Allfarthing’ Lane, Wandsworth, London, S.W. (April, 1909). Bappetey, A., 21, Derby Street, Hulme, Manchester. (July, 1912). Batty, W. Suorn, Boyers House, Westbury, Wilts. (June, 1909.) BAINBRIDGE, W. A., Hazlewood, Thorpe, Chertsey. (Sept., 1912). Baker, Miss M. E., The Elms, Mount Sorrel, Loughborough. (Sept., 1902). BaMForD. WmM., The Coppice, Werneth, Oldham. . (June, 1994). BamMprytpE, The Hon. Mrs., Court Hall, North Molton, North Devon. (July, 1911). Bartow-Massicxks, Mrs. C., The Mount, Rotherham. (Nov., 1911.) Barnaby, Miss Auison, Oak Lodge, Bitterne, Southampton, (Aug, 1912). Barros AMeERIcO DE, 63, rua Victoria, Sao-Paulo. Brazil. (June, 1912). _ Baxpy, Witziam, 6, Chesterfield Road, Dronfield, Sheffield. (June, 3 LITO) fe _ Beary, S., Strathnarn, Elm Grove, Alderley Edge, Manchester. ( Mar., q 1908). - Brazor, Rev. J. T. A. Lovell, 12, Hope-Drive, The Park, Notting- * ham. (April, 1911). _ Bere, O2ZW..; Curator of Ornithology, New York Zoological Park, 3. New York City, U.S:A. (July, 1911). Buiss, H. E., Church Street, Middleburg, Cape Colony, S. Africa. oe (Jan., 1903.) fy _ Boscawey. The Hon. Vert D., 2, St. James’ Square, London, S8.W. ? (January, 1911). | Bonnick, Mrs., Belmont, East Hoathly, Halland, Sussex. (Nov., ae 291). - Borie, H., Mountside, Harrow Road, Dorking’. (Dec., 1908). 3 i Bovnxe, Ho: G@weipotan, Hitcham Vale, Taplow, Maidenhead, and : 75 Gloucester Place, Portman Square, London, W..>.@ec.3 1909): _ Bovsrienp, Miss M., Avon Court, Southbourne Road, Bournemouth. ee (Jan., 1908). _ Boyp, Haronp, Box 374, Ketowna, Brit. Columbia, Canada. (April, 1903). ; alae BR. 41, Gremwell Road, Grimsby. (Nov., 1912). _Bricut, R. E., Sunnybank, Coggeshall, Essex. (March, 1910). A Brion, Hurpaer, Lynton, Eaton Road, Cressington Park, Liver- « pool. (Oct., 1911). _ Bromwicu, Miss Vara. (Present address unknown). Brook, E. J., F.Z.S., Hoddam Castle, Ecclefechan. (Mar., 1908).. _ Broruerstox, G. W., 93, Jeffrey Street, Edinburgh. (August, 1909). _ Browy, Mrs. C., ‘Seton Lodge, Beacon Road, Henleaze, Westbury ; on-Trym, Bristol. (May, 1910). : BrowN1ne, W. H., 16, Cooper Square, New York, U.S.A. (Febru- bit ary, 1910). _ Browne, Capt. A. E., Belmont, Murree, Punjab, India. (March, oe.” 1912). ; _Brucr, Miss A., 42, Hill Street, Berkeley Square, London, W. (Mar., 1909). E - Burroy, RecGinaLp P., Caerhyn, Llandrindod Wells. (Jan., 1913). Buxt, F. W., Bude, Strathearn Road, Sutton, Surrey. (June, 1912). _ Burnyam, Joun B., President A.G.P. and P. Ass., Trinity Build- a? ings, 111, Broadway, New York, U.S.A. (Mar., 1913). _ Bus, W., The County Bor. of Newport School of Art, Clarence — eet Street, Newport, Mon. (May, 1909). _ Camps, H. T. T., F.Z.S., Linden House, Haddenham, Ely. (Orig. > +Mem.). pees F., Avenue House, Cotham Park, Bristol. (October, 1907). 4 ) Carr, J. T., Blythewood, Deramere Drive, Malone Road, Belfast. (Sept., 1912). Carr, RicHarpson, Home Farm, Tring, Herts. (June. 1913). Cartwricut, Miss E., Bretton Lodge, Wakefield. (January, 1912). Crciz, Lord Winttam, 23, Queen’s Gate Gardens, London, S.W. (November, 1909). Cuapiin, E. W., The Firs, Great Amwell, Ware. (Sept., 1903). Crawner Miss E. F., Forest Bank, Lyndhurst, Hants. (July, 1910). Curistin Mrs. G., Newton House, Elgin. January, 1913). : CLaru, Miss Lypta, The Hollies, 194, Coombe Lane, Wimbledon, London, S.W. (March, 1910). : CLARKE, S., Inces, Scaynes Hill, Hayward’s Heath. (August, 1911). Cuarkn, Leian, Tower Hirst, Stoke Bishop, Bristol. (Feb., 1911). Cuirron, Lord, Cobham Hall, Gravesend. (October, 1905). Cotron. R., 9 Birkendale Road, Sheffield. (Feb., 1913). Conneti, Mrs. Kyatcusutni, The Orchard, Brockenhurst, Hants. (July, 1912). . Conway-Gorpon, Miss V., Longley House, Rochester. (October, 1906). CONSTABLE, ARCHIBALD J., The Lodge, Littlehampton. (Mar..,, TONS) 5 ConsTABLE. Rev. W. J., Uppingham. (February. 1912). > Cook, W., 24, Hyde Park Gardens, London, W. (March, 1909). Corser, Sir R. J., Bt., Acton Reynold, Shrewsbury. (April, 1911). Crisp, R, L., 50, Elm Park Road, Chelsea, London, S.W. (Feb., 1909). i Croker, Cuas., E., Burrow Inche, Lower Bourne, Farnham. (Oct., POLL). Cronxksuaw, J., 193, Manchester Street, Accrington. (Nov., 1901). Cross, R., Northumberland Park, Tottenham, London, N. (Jan., 1914) Croyspaun, Mrs. B., Hawke House, Sunbury-on-Thames. (Jan., 1908). Curry, H. L., Lambolle Lodge, Littlehampton. (July, 1912). Currin. J., 128, Willowbrae Road, Edinburgh. (Aug., 1913). Curzon, J. W., Temperance Hotel, opp. Central Station, Lowestoft. (February, 1912). _Cusuny, Cuarves, c/o.. Messrs. Neish, Howell, and Haldane, 47, Watling Street, St. Paul’s, E.C.. (Orig. Mem.). Cussons, A. T., Kersal Vale Works, Manchester. (May, 1913). DARRELL, Dr. i. W., Adelaide House, All Saints’ Green, Norwich. (September, 1908), Davipson, Mrs., Yew Tree Cottage, Bitterne, Southampton. -(April, 1911). Davies, Mrs. M. H., Daresbury Hall, Nr. Warrin gta: (Jan., 1914). Dawson-Smitu, F., Nash Rectory, Stony Stratford, Bucks. (Mar., 1912). Deut, C. E., 12, High Street, Harlesden, London, N.W. (Jan., 1914). Dennis, Mrs, Haroun, St. Leonard’s Park, Horsham. (Jan., 1904). Dewar, D., I.C.S., F.Z.S., Pilibhit, U.P., India. Dewar, J. F., 2, St. Patrick’s Square, Edinburgh. (Orig. Mem.). Du YarsurG-Bareson, The Hon. Linus, Heslington, York. .(June, 1903). ’ Dickens. Mrs. Amy, J ., Julian Hill, Weybridge, Surrey. (Nov., 1913). ~ Dossim, J., Waverley Works, Leith, Edinburgh, (April, 1906). Dragsie, J. W., 29 Holme Lane, Hillsborough, Sheffield. (April 1913). - Drapery, W. L., 29 Holme Lane, Hillsborough, Sheffield. (April, a 1913). - _Drummonp, Miss, Mains of Megginch, Errol, Perthshire. (Nov., ' 1907). ‘Dunuratu, The Lady, Ballywalter Park, Ballywalter, co. Down. . (November, 1901). Durrox, The Hon. and Rev. Canon, Bibury Vicarage, Fairford, Glos. (May, 1906). Dyorr, R. A., Freeford, Lichfield. (Nov., 1912). _. Eprinyt, Wm., 14, Victoria Terrace, Limerick. (April, 1906). : _ Eecuns, Miss A. S., The Glade, Ditton Hill, Surbiton, Surrey, : (Jan., 1912). g _ Epmunps, W., Coombe Farm, Langton Matravers, Wareham. (Nov. * 1909). Ems, E. F. M., Rosebank Cottage, Carshalton Road, Sutton, Surrey; —- (Tur e,-1910). _ Ezra, A., 110, Mount Street, Grosvenor Square, London. (Jan. ; 1911). _ Ezra, D., 3, Kyd Street, Calcutta, India, (Aug.; 1912). _ Fasgy, Winuram, R., The Oaks, Holly Bush Hill, Snaresbrook, N.E. ag (Jan., 1903). Se Faux, E. R., Headfield, Jew’s Walk, Sydenham, London, S.E. (Oct:; ees A SEL): Ferran, B. B., M.D., F.Z.S., Superintendent, The Royal Zoological - _ Society’s Gardens, Pheouix Park, Dublin, (Dec., 1912). ' Finpeisen, A. G., Hallow Dene, Torquay. (June, 1913). Fintu, W. H., 1, Agnes Road, Northampton. (May, 1913). ‘ Fisuer, W. H., The’ Bush Hotel, Farnham. (May, 1908). _. .Fisner-Rowe, H. M., St. Tsehard’s Grange, Beaulieu, Brockenhurst, : Hants., (Jan., 1911). Fuannery, M. J., Barrack Street, Nenagh. (Jan., 1909). Friurcurr, GEo., 19, Peveral Road, Sheffield. (April, 1911). Fiower, Capt., S. S., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U., Keedah House, Zoological Gardens, Gizeh, Beypt. (March, 1909). --Fiow gr, Mrs, Srantey, Longfield, Tring, Herts, (July, 1910), Tae 6 ' FockELMANN, Herr Avevst, Handels-Tierpark, Hamburg-Gross- borstel, Niendorferweg. (Dec., 1912). Forprep, Ernest, E., Wychmont, Olton, Acocks Green, Birmingham. (Jan,, 1913). Fostur. Miss E. M., 35, High Street, Huntingdon. (Jan., 1909). Fow.er-Warp, Dr. F., 40, Berners Street, Ipswich. (Oct., 1913). Freetanp, G. Scort, Hill Rise, Quarry Hill, Tonbridge. (July, 1912). Frost, W. J. C., 13, Fairlawn Avenue, Chiswick Park, Jondon, W. (Aug., 1913). Frosticx, J., 50, Boundaries Road, Balham, London, 8.W. (Dec., 1909). Fry, J. S., Cobo, Guernsey, (Aug.., 1913). GaLutowAy, Mrs. E., Fernville, Fortis Green Road, East Finchley, London, N. (Jan., 1908).~ Gautoway, P. F. M., Durban, St. Peter’s Avenue, Caversham, - Reading, (Noy., 1907). Garpiner, Mrs. Staniuy, Whitehorn, Barton Road, Cambridge. (Jan., 1913). GERRARD, JOHN, M.B.O.U., Worsley, Manchester. (June, 1905). Guorns, Horacn, R., Kew Cottage, Holmesdale Road, Hampton Wick, King'ston-on-Thames. (Oct., 1912). Gopry, Epouarp, LxeCorravu, Lantheuil par Creully (Calvados), France. (Jan., 1912). Goopacre, Huex, Ullesthorpé, Lutterworth. (May, 1912). Gooponiup, H., M.B.O.U., 66, Gloucester Road, Regent’s Park, London, N.W. (July, 1903). ~Goovcmitp, J. Clare, Suffolk. (Jan., 1913). Goop¥rELLow, W., The Poplars, Kettering. (October, 1908). GorkinGn, The Rev. Recinaup, Manston Rectory, Sturminster, New- ton, Dorset. (Dec., 1902). Gossr, Dr. Puitip, M.B.O.U., Curtlemead, Beaulieu, Brockenhurst, Hants. (April, 1910). : Gort, Mrs. F., Weetwood Garth, Leeds. * (Nov., 1912). GourLAy, H., Kempshott Park, Basingstoke. (November, 1907).. GrawamM, Joun, Rainbow Hotel, Kendal. (February, 1911). Gray, H., M.R.C.V.S. (Hon. Veterinary Surgeon), 23, Upper Philli- more Place, Kensington, London, W. (May, 1906). GreEveNn, Miss M., c.o. Mrs. Green, 41, Clanricarde Gardens, Notting Hill Gate, London, W. (October, 1907). ° Grey, Mrs., Quarry Hill, Hendon, London, N.W. (January, 1914). GrossmtrH, J. L., The Grange, Bickley, Kent.. (January, 1913). Gurnny, G. H., Keswick Hall, Norwich. (June, 1913). Haccin -G. BH.) BAY, Bruncombe! Foxcombe ill, Oxford. (Eeb., 1910). :, : Haun, Countess C. V., 192, Walpole Road, Wimbledon, London, S.W. (Aug., 1910). _ Haut, Miss A. F., 26, Adelaide Road, Regent’s Park, London, N.W.; and Denholme, Hayling Island, Havant. (Sept., 1911). HAuB, Cuiinton B., Pedrogosa and Laguna, North West Corner, Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A. (April, 1911). HAnspit, Frayx, Bank House, Granton Road, Edinburgh. (Nov., 1911). Harper, E. W., F.Z.S., M.B.0.U., Government Road, Nairobi, Brit. E. Africa. (October, 1907). Harris, Cuas., 114, Bethnal Green Road, London, N.E. (April, 1910). t _ Harrison, J. H., The Crescent, Hastings Place, Lytham. Dec., 1901). _ Harruey, Mrs. E. A., St. Helen’s Lodge, Hastings. (Sept., 1907). _ Harvey, Lady, Langley Park, Slough. (June, 1908). Harcneny, D. G., present address unknown. (Dec., 1911). _ -HATTERSLEY, E., 16, Thornfield Road, Far Headingley, Leeds. (Jan., ey 1913). '_ Hawkxn, The Hon. M. C., Wighill Park, Tadcaster. (Nov., 1902). eh Hawkins. L.. W., Estrilda, New Clive Road, West Dulwich. (Orig. Member). Hees, T., laren The Downs, Luton. Aug., 1912). _ Hunperson, Mrs. W. F., Moorfield, Upper Claremont, Newcastle-on- q Tyne. ha 1908). EH aNDERAON, J. Alex., Cassland, Springwell Road, Tonbridge. (Aug’., ; 1913). _ . Hensrocx. J. H., Msbcet Place, Ashbourne, Derbyshire: (March, 3 1907). a, Hutuiry, Dr. Henry, Beaufort House, 114, Church Road, Norwood, S.E. (Jan., 1908). _ Hewirt; F. W. G., The Old Hall, Weelsby, Grimsby. (April, 1909). 4 - Hincxs, Miss E. M., Baron's Down, Dulverton, Somerset. (Dec.,, 1904). _ Hopxry, Mrs. Sedbergh House, Kew Green, Surrey. (Feb., 1908). _ Horrmany, R., Tower House, Leigham Court Road, Streatham, London, S.W. (Mar., 1912). Hy; Houpey, Raupu, A., F.Z.S., 5, John Street, Bedford Row; London; e W.C., and, Harpenden, Haan: (July, 1911). y Hou.iys, ‘Miss, Greyfriars, Preston. (Feb., 1906). ~ Housiys, B., The Aviaries, Coppice Drive, Harrogate. (May, 1903). _ Howmes. ‘Tomas, 46, Aglionby Street, Carlisle. (Jan., 1911). a -Horxixgon, Emiuus, D.S.O., M.A., M.B., Oxon, South Bank, Bath- : y hurst, Gambia, West Africa, ‘(Oct., 1901). -Horservan, Major, B. R., Tandridge Priory, Oxted, Surrey. (Oct., i: z 1909). = Hov.ron, CHARLES, Laburnum House, Denton’s Green, St. Helens, (Nov., 1901). Hows, Frank, 54, Thomas Street, Wellingborough. (Feb., 1902), 8 Hupparp. Mrs. D. L., Casa Sta. Monica, Bordighera, Italy. (Jan., 1905): Humn, JAmMus, Hepscott, Morpeth. (June, 1903). HuMpurys, RusseLL, Present address unknown. (July, 1902). HurnpDALL, Mrs. R., Ditton Hill Lodge, Ditton Hill, Surbiton:, Surrey. (April, 1913). Isaac, Cuas., Somerton, Bath Road, Slough. . (March, 1911). JamMraAcu, A. E., 180, St. George’s Street, London,’E. (July, 1909). JARDINE, J., Castle Inilk, Lockerbie, N.B. (Aug., 1913). Jenxs, H., 54, Ebury Street, London, S.W: (Aug., 1913). Jounson, Miss L. Srurton, Orotava House, Hastings. (Sept., 1910). Jounson, Major, F.,. Melrose, Wilberry Road, Hove, Brighton. (Aug., 1912). Jounson, H. V., 18 Chambres Road,, Southport. (Nov., 1908).. Keuson G. Mortimer, Home Cottage, Sunbury-on-Thames. (June, 1913). Kernnepy, Lt., G., c/o Mrs. Kennedy, 7, Albion Road, Sutton;: Surrey.- (May, 1908). i Kenwortuy, J. M., Meadowcroft, Windermere. (June, 1909). Kine, Frank, High Holme Nurseries, Louth, Lincs. (March, 1909). Kirn, E. Bacsnot, Haines Hill House, Taunton. (Feb., 1912). Kyonet, Miss E. Maun, 32, Tavistock Square, London, W.C. (Dec., 1911). ' Komyaxorr, ALExis, Novinsky Boulevard, 109, Moscow, Russia, (Dec,, 1912). Lams, Mrs., The Limes, Worting, Basingstoke. (March, 1912). — Lams, E. J., Alverstone, Thetford Road, New Malden, Surrey. (May, 1906). Latupury, Dr. C. J., Ashton Avenue, Dunstable. (Feb., 1913). Lez, Mrs. E. D., Hartwell House, Aylesbury. (Sept., 1910).. Lucu bE LiGsH, Dr. H., Redcar. (April, 1911). Lewis, J., Corstorphine, Ryde. (June,.1908). Litrorp, The Lorp, Lilford Hall, Oundle, Northants. (January, (1914). , LirTLEDALE, Lieut., 17, Duncan Road, Southsea, Portsmouth. (Jan., 1913). é ‘ Loncpon, Mrs. C. A., Arreton, Epsom Road, Guildford, (Febt, 1909). Love1u-Kzays, Dr. L. F., Park Lodge, East Hoathly; Halland, Sus- sex. (Mar., 19138). Lown, A. J. C., Present address unknown. (January, 1912). Lucas, Miss Emma, Bramblehurst, East Grinstead, Sussex, (Sept., 1913), Lucas, N. S., M.B., F.Z.S., 19. Westbourne Terrace, Hyde Park, London, W. (January, 1914). Lynam, C. C., M.A., Bardswell Road, Oxford. (Sept., 1913). Lyracoz, G. W. F., 173, Olifton St., Old Trafford, M inchester. iz (Nov., 1906). _ Macx, J., 6-8, Exchange ‘Street, Sheffield. ‘Feb., 1911). Moco Cobar: Joun, Fairy Hill, Cranmore Park, Belfast. (Jan., 4 1914). ~McDowacu J. E: R., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., F.Z.8., U.L.8,, 4 es: Wimpole Street, iedden Wi (Jans 1903). ' McDonanp, Miss, Meadow Bank, Hollington Park, St. Leonards- -on-Sea. (April, 1911). ‘MciInryre, Mrs..J., Muchall, Wolverhampton. (February, 1911). - . McLaren, The Hon. Mrs. Morrison, Parkfield, Park Lane, South- Ln wick, Brighton. (November, 1906). MAupeEn, Viscountess EvELINE, Great Bookham, Leatherhead, (Aug., fe 1909). ‘Mautett, E. A., M.A., Rose Villa, Huddersfield Road, Barnsley. (Septemebr, 1911). -Mayyerine, R., 117, Elsenham Street, Southfields, Wandsworth, Lon- ~ don, 8.W. (February, 1912). Maprpin, Srannpy, 12, Albert Hall Mansions, Kensington Gore, South Kensington, London, 8.W. (February, 1911). _ Marmont, W. B., The Firs, Amberley, Stroud, Glos. (October, 1908). Marriner, J. Sumner, c/o Mrs. Marriner, Bay View, Koksilah P. Office, Vancouver Island, B.C. (October, 1909). _Marsnaut, Mrs., Marrowells, Walton-on-Thames. (April, 1911). Master, G., M.B., B.C., 86, Guildhall Street, Bury St. Edmunds. (Nov., 1903). : e- -Marruews, Mrs. J. E. Present address- unknown. (March, emer. 1 OD). Bt -Maxwetui-Jacxson, Mrs. M., Cowhill, Rutland Road, Harrogate. es (January, 1913). Be ‘MAXWELL. C. T., 1, Shardcroft Aven, Herne Hill, S.E. (Dec., 1908). ~ Meavows, J. C. W., 19, Cardiff Road, Luton. (Feb., 1908). Bi Makin, H., 16, Shaftesbury Road, Luton. (January, 1913). - Miuer, Mrs. K. Lusuin, 27, Belgrave Road, London, S.W. (Jan., Be 1904). Mitusum, O., 7, Cliftonville Parade, Margate. (July, 1907). ' MrTcHELL, H., Haskures, Lyndhurst, Hants. (Sept., 1903). - Moyzy, L. G. Cutozza, M. P., The Grey House, Hampstead Lane, » ' London; N.- (October, 1910). Montacun, G. R., 63, Croxted Road, Dulwich, S.E. Se ce aed poe 109) 2: MontTcomery, W. O., Rubana, Burton Road, Hamigen, Hull. (Jan., aes 1013) 2% _ Morean. Mrs. E. Oy 17, York House, Church Street, Kensingiton, i London, W. (January, 1913). s _ Morris, A., Broadway Chambers, Ilford. (February, 1911). Mortimer, Mrs. Wigmore, Holmwood, Dorking. (Orig, Mem.). 10 MortiMgEr Miss, Wigmore, Holmwood, Dorking. (November, 1908). Munypy, Miss Sysin, Shipley Hall, Derby. (Aug’., 1911). Murton, {MArsHatn, Osborn Villas, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. (Aug'., 1913). Nuwuzy R. A., 24, Stockwell Green, London, S.W.. (Dee...) 1902), Newman T. H., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U., Newlands, Harrowdene Road, Wembley, Middlesex. (July, 1908). Nicotson, THos. G., F.Z.S., Glenoe, Walton-on-Thamies. (June, 1910). Oakey, W., 34, High Street, Leicester. (Orig. Member). OBERHOLSER, Harry C., 1444, Fairmont Street, N.W., Wasning- ton; D.C., U.S.A.» (Dec.,, 1903); O’DonnELL, O., Hyntle Place, Hintlesham, Ipswich. (Aug., 1912). O’DonneEtu, Major-Gen. H., C.B., D.S.O., Banu, N.W.F.P., India: (Och: 21.913): - O’'Neit, ARTHUR, 25, Eldred. Street, Carlisle. (Jan., 1911). O’Reitty, Nicnouas S., 144, Eastern Road, Kent Town, Brighton. (Orig. Member). Occ, J. E., The Grove, Cockburnspath, Berwickshire. (Feb., 1913). Onstow. The Countess of, Clarendon Park, Guildford. (April, 1913). Owen, P., 19, 5 Rue Laperouse, Paris, France. (March, 1912). Pace, W. T., F.Z.S. (Hon. Editor), Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. (May, 1905). Pamter, V. Kenyon, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. (Nov., 1910). PartripGn, Mrs., Beaufort, Winchester Road, Worthing. (December, 1905). ; Paterson, Rev. J. Maruietort, St. John’s Vicarage ,Hollington, St. Leonard’s-on-Sea, Sussex. (Nov., 1908). Pauwets, Ropert E., Everberg par Cortenberg, Brabant, Belgium. (Sept., 1909). Pennant. Lady Evita Dovenas’ Soham House, Newmarket. (July, 1908). Prreins, E., Chester Hill, Woodchester, Stroud, Gloucestershire. Feb, 1903). Perreat, Major, G. A., F.Z.S., 2-4 Gurkha Rifles, Bakloh, Punjaio; India. (Dec., 1903). Perreau, Mrs. R. A. D., 11, Douglas Crescent, Edinburgh. (Sept., 1908). Perrine, C. S. R., Claremont Avenue, New Malden, Surrey. (Oct., 1902). Puatr. H. J., Broad Street, Alresford. (January, 1912). Pickarp, H. K., 298, West End Lane, Kilburn, London, N.W. (October, 1901). Pickues, W. H., Stonyhurst, Mjrecambe, Lancs. (May, 1904). Pixn, L. G., F.Z.S., King Barrow, Wareham. (December, 1910). Prukixyeron, Lady KaruiEEnN, Chevet Park, Wakefield. (Sept., 1908) Pirniz, Miss Dorotny, 68, Clarendon Road, Southsea, Portsmouth. (Sept., 1911). a Aes Peet Nat Pottimorn, Lady, Poltimore Park, Exeter. (Aug., 1911). -Ponp, Mrs. T., 174, Upper Parliament Street, Liverpool, (Nov., 1902). Puck. Ovro, Darenth Lodge, Chingford, N.E., (May, 1912). | PuLuaAr, LAwrenep, H. F., F.Z.S., Dunbarnis Cottage, Bridge of _ Earn, Perthshire. (Oct., 1913). - Quart, Mrs. Wortiey, St. Brannock’s, Mundesley, N ’folk. (March, 1912). - Quincey, R. de Quincy, Inglewood, Chislehurst, Kent. (Aug., 1910). Rartigan, G. E., Lanarkslea, Cornwall Gardens, London, 38.W.. (March, 1909). Raven, W. H., 239, Derby Road, Nottingham. (Oct., 1909). Rawson-SuHaw, Mrs. THos., Allangate, Rustington, Worthing. (Feb.. LOLS): Re Raynor, Rev. G. H., M.A., Hazleigh Rectory, Maldon. (Dec,, 1909). Reap, Mrs. W. H., Church Croft, Weston Park Road, : Thames Ditton. (January, 1911). Reevz, Cart, J. S., Leadenham House, Lincoln. (March, 1908). RestTau, J. A., 82, Cambridge Street, Birmingham. (Nov., 1903). . _ Rion, Capt., G., Clayquhat, Blairgowrie. (July, 1902). . Rosprys, H., 37, New Oxford Street, London, W. (October. 1908). _ Roserts, Mrs. G. L., Woogate, Maze Hill, St. Leonards-on-Sea,, Roxsoy, J., 28, Camden Grove, Peckham, S.E. (Dec., 1909). +4 Sussex. (January, 1911), Rony, C., 400, Edgware Road, London, W.. (Sept., 1911). _ Roaers, W. T., Weald View, Ongar Road, Brentwood. (Oct., 1907). Rogerson, Mrs. Fleurville, Cheltenham. (Feb., 1903). Rorcu, F. M., Park House, Park Road, Teddington. (Orig. Mem). - Roru, Frep, G. RB. | Sherwood Place, Englewood, N.J., U.S A. (Nov. ; 1908). ‘Rotnpweit, James, E., Sewell Avenue, Brooklyn, Mass., U.S.A. (Feb., 1911). Roury. Col. J. J., 2, Beechworth Villas, Cheltenham. (Jan., 1912). Row, C. H.; Chapel House, Long Melford, Suffolk. (Dec., 1905). s _ Rumsey, Lacy, 23, Rua de Terpa Pinto, Villa Nova do Gayaf, Oporto, Portugal. (Oct., 1911). 4 Ryan, G. E. (Bar-at-law), Hintlesham Hall, Ipswich. (Nov., 1913). _ Ryan. W. J. Norwoop, St. John’s, Beaufort Road, Kingston-on- J cs eg re) 7 Thames. (Sept., 1913). : RUTHERFURD, Miss Susan, Ee pecvent Stuart Street, Edinburgh’. ACen; tO 3 _SCHLUTER, J. C., Heathwood, 5, Dacres Road, Forest Hill, London; SB. (April: 1913). Scuuyuz, D. G., 12, Toe-Haring’vlist, Rotterdam, Holland. , (Jan., 1914). Scorn, B. Haminton, Hamildean, Ipswich. (July, 1910). pent J. EAston, MB.,. Birdhurst, Woodeote Road, Wallington; Surrey. (March, 1908), “at ; ‘ 12 ‘SScorr. Mrs. J. Easton, Birdhurst, Woodcote Road, Wallington, Surrey.. (March, 1908). Scorrt-MiLLER, R., Greenoak Hill, Broomhouse, Glasgow. (May, 1913). Suipton,, A. J., 71, Cloudesdale Road, Balham, London; S.W. (April, 1913). Sicu, H. L., c/o Dr. L. Lovell-Keays, Park Lodge, East Hoathly, . Halland...Sussex, and Corney House, Chiswick, W. (June, 1908). SipEmBottom, Mrs. E. Harror, Btherow House, Hollingworth, Man- chester. (February, 1908). Sttits ArtTHuR, 260, Loughborough Road, Leicester. (Jan., 1911). SitvpR, ALLEN, 303, High Road, Streatham, London, 8.W. (Orig. Mem.). Smmpson, R. E., 9, Christ Church Avenue, Armley, Leeds. (Dec., 1907). SLappEN, J. H., 140, Denmark Road, Lowestoft. (Oct., 1908). SmitH-RybLanp, Mrs., Barford Hill,) Warwick. (April, 1909). SmirH W. S., 24, Jubilee Street, Luton. (December, 1908). Smitu, J., Woodlands, Kendal. Smytu, Miss AutrrwpA, 40, Davenport Road, Catford, London, 'S.E. (Jan., 1911). Swarny, H., 21, Leamington Road, Blackburn. (March, 1911). Somers, FRANK, M.R.C.V.S., 66, Francis Street, Leeds. (Jan., 1907). SoutHcoMBE, 8. L., Highlands, Ash, Martock, Somerset. (Sept., 1910). SPRANKLING, E., Brookland Cottage, South Road, Taunton. (Feb., 1908). : Sprawson, Dr. E. C., 68, Southwood Lane, Highgate, London, N. (Oct., 1913). Sproston, Mrs. The Elm House, Nantwich. (Jan., 1911). STEAD, EpGar, Strowan, Christchurch, New Zealand. (Sept., 1911). SterckMaANns, Dr. C., 28, Rue de la Station, Louvian, Belgium, (August, 1910), Stocker, J. M., (Present address unknown). (Nov., 1908). Sronny, Mrs. Stenua, 21 Mount Carmel Chambers, Duke’s Laue, Kensington, London, W. ~ (August, 1912). Storny, Mrs. A., Summer Hill, Tarporley, Cheshire. (Nov., 1912). Street, E., The! Poplars, Oatwoods, Anslow, Burton-on-Trent. (May, 1909). > STRICKLAND, E. A., 16, Alma Road, Windsor, (May, 1912). Stronc, Hersert, The Hollies, Beckenham Lane, Bromley, Kent. (April 1918). | Sykes, Joun, 16, Shorthope Street, Musselburgh. (Jan., 1912). SurroLk, and Brrxsarre Countess of, Charlton Park, Malmes- lpury. (Feb., 1909). Succirt, R., Suggitt’s Lane, Cleethorpes, Grimsby. (Dec,, 1903), es ALBERT, Pairholme, Welholme Road, Grimsby. (May, $ 1907). ie - Swayne, Henry, A., 29, Percy Place, Dublin. (Jan., 1913). \ Swaysianp, W., 47, ” Queen’s Road, Brighton. (Orig. Mem.). _ TAwrucniss, Banonne ‘Le ChemMent vk, Cleveland, Minehead, A Somerset. (Aug., 1913). _ Tavistock, The Marquis of, Woburn Abbey, Woburn. (Jan., 1913). " TmmpLe, W. R., Ormonde, Datchet, Windsor. (Dec., 1908). Be ieactiear axa! v. E., B.A., Ringmore, Teignmouth, (Mar., 1907). _ TxHomasser, B. C., F.Z.S., The Manor House, Ashmansworth, New- - bury. (July, 1912). _ Tuompson, M., 4, ‘William Street. Roslyn, Dunedin, New Zealand. ; (June, 1911). _ THoRvURN, Miss C. W., 99, Edge Lane, Liverpool. (March, 1910). _ THorNiLEY, Percy W., Shooter’s Hill, Wem, Shrewsbury. (May, a 1943), : | Tuwarres, Dr. Ginperr B., 94, Beaconsfield Road, Brighton. (May, Boo 1910). : . _ Tiwey, J. W., Oakdene, Victoria Road, Worthing. (Jan., 1912). a “Truney, G. D..F., New York, Z.S., Darien, Connecticut, U.S.A; (Jan., 1913). Tomassi Baupeuii, LA Counrussa G., 4, Via Silvio, Pelico, Florence, _ Italy. (Dec., 1901). - Tomurnsoxn, Matcoum R., Shepherd’s House, Inveresk, Midlothian. ~~ (April, 1913). - TownseNnn, S. M., (Hon. Exhilitional Secretary), 3. Swift Street, Fulham, 8.W. (Orig. Member). . TRAVERS, Mrs. Jounson, Fern Hill, Clonakilty, co. Cork. (Dec., q 1903). / “Travis, Mrs., Pedmore Grange, Stourbridge. (Jan., 1911). TRELOAR, Sir Wm., Bart:, Grange Mount, Norwood, S.E. (June, URNER-TuRNER, Mrs., Abbey Spring, Beaulieu, Brockenhurst, Hants. (Nov., 1910). Tyson, C. R., 169, Sloane Street, Chelsea, London, S.W. (Feo.; . Urwick, D. B., St. Cross Mill, Winchester. (Mar., 1913). Vaun, Lewis, 8, Broadway, Woodford, London, N.E. (May, 1913). VALENTINE, E., 7, Highfield, Workington. (Dec., 1911). fe. HHNON, Mrs. E. WARREN, Lamancha House, Lamancha, Peebleshire. (Oct., 1905-10, rejoins Jan., 1914). Viniiers, Viscountess, C., ‘Antwick’s Manor, Letecombe Regis, Want- age. (Nov., 1912). otuM4R, P., 8, George Street, Minories, London, E.C. (Feb., 1909). ' TADDELL, Miss E. G. R. Peddie, 4, Great Stuart Street, Edin- fourgh. (Feb., 1909). Wave, L, M., Oakhill Road, Ashtead, Surrey. (Sept., 1913). Ts, 14 Watt, Miss L. M. St. A. 12, Rosary Gardens, South Kensing'ton, London, S.W. (Dec., 1907). Waker, A., M.A., B.Sc., M.D., The Rectory, Oodsall, Retford. (Dec., 1907). Wausu, J., 159, Duke’s Brow, Blackburn. (Dec., 1908). Watsu, JurrREy, Pheasant Aviaries, Penny Street, Blackburn. (Oct. 1910). Warp, Hon. Mrs. Somerset, Carrowden Castle, Donaghadee, co. Down. (Oct., 1905). WarDALE H., Willington House, Willington Quay, Northumberland. (May, 1903). WaREN-WiLLIAMs, H. E., Woodcote Lodge, Woodcote Road, Walling- ton, Surrey. (Jan., 1911). Watson, S., 37, Tithebarn Street, Preston. (Sept., 1910). Warts, RupoutpyH, Wilmar, Wiggenhall Road, Watford. (Nov., 1906) Weep, Miss KATHERINE, Emery Down, Millington Road, Cambridge. (July, 1909). WeesterR, Lady, Powdermill House, Battle, Sussex. (Feb., 1911). Weir, J., Oak Cottage, Ashley, New Milton, Hants. (Dec., 1912). WersracoTT. H., Wellington Hotel, Minehead, Somerset. (Sept., 1907). Weston, G. E., 42, Lewisham Road, Dartmouth Park, London, N.W.. (July, 1908). WetnHeEy, Mrs. R. E., Leholm, Redcar. (July, 1911). yatta Hucu, I. P., Jhelum, Punjab, India. (Jan., 19143).. Wuitmory, SypNiy, 3, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London, N.W. Sept., HGS) ie 7 WitLLFrorD, Henry (Hon. Photographer), Uplands View, Haven-street, Ryde. (July, 1908). Wittrorp, NryILLE, Woodside, Isabel Road, Hornchurch, Romford. (July, 1908). Wiutiams, Mrs. C. H., Emmanuel Parsonage, Exeter. (Jan., 1911). Wititams, Mrs. Frrencu, 28, Argyll Mansions, King’s Road, Chelsea, London, S.W. (Dec., 1909). Witirams. Mrs. Howarp, 51, Harley House, Regent’s Park, London, N.W.(June, 1910). WriitiAMs, Srpnry, F.Z.S. (Hon. Treasurer and Business Secres tary), Holland Lodge, Edmonton, London. (Oct., 1910). Witson, Miss F. M., 34, Charrington Street, Oakley Square, London, N.W. (March, 1906). Witson, T. N., M.A., Oak Lodge, Bitterne, Southampton. (Jan., 1902). WINCHELSEA and NorrrncHamM The Countess of, Haverholme Priory, Sleaford. (June, 1903). Wimewr, Cuas., Thirlmere, South End Road, Beckenham. (Dec., 1909). rae Woucott, F.C., 14, Wall Street,New York, U.S.A. (March, 1913). Woop, Mrs. Cyriu. Present address unknown. (Jan,, 1912). Woon, L. W., Malting Farm, Aldwincle, Thrapston. (April, 1911). - Workman, W. H., M.B.O.U., Lismore, Windsor, Belfast. (June, some idle) ~Wricut, G. B., c.o. G. Heaton, Church Hill, Handsworth, Birming- ham. (June, 1908). _ Wricnr, H. Newcomer, L.L.B., Ravenshill, Huddersfield. (Jan., 1911). { Wrorrrsitey, The Hon. WaArtmr B., F.Z.S Seisdon, Staplecross, Hawkhurst. (Dec., 1902). _ YBALLAND, James, Binstead, Ryde. (Sept., 1909). _Yroman, Mrs. Parrison, The Close, Brompton, Northallerton, Yorks. (April, 1910). ; S -Youns, Artuur E., 33, Brandling Park, Newcastle-on-Tyne. (Oct., * LOELY. us = Youn, Lady, Hanstead House, Bricket Wood, Herts. (Jan., LOE: The Hon. Business Secretary requests that he may be promptly i informed of any errors in the above list. a) — \ Associates. Biigricn, W. J., Douglas Villa, Acacia Grove, New Malden, Surrey. |<, (Jan., 1904). “Hype, and Co., Ltd., R., Harold Street, Camberwell, S.E. (May, >. 1904), The Hon. Business Secretary requests that he may be promptly ised of any errors or omissions in the above List, —@——_ RULES. es . The objects of “THe Forrrcn Brrp Crup”’ shall pe the 4 ‘mutual siuaracentont and assistance of the members in keeping and _ breeding all species of. Birds, and the exhibi ing of Fo eign Birds, and _ e ira yenant of Shows in regard to them. Eb 2, The Club shall be composed of members and associates. Every member shall pay an entrance fee of 2s. 6d. and an annual subscription of 10s. Every associate shall pay an entrance fee 2s., 6d. and an annual subscription of 5s. Associa'es shall have such of the privileges of the Members as the Council shall from time to time direct. Subscript-ons shall be due and payable in advance on the 1st of January in each year. If any member’s or assoviate’s ubscriptions shall be more than three months overdue, he shall be suspended from all benefits of the Ciub, and if more than nine “months overdue notice of his having ceased to be a Memier or Be \ssociate of the Club, and of the cause, may be published in Notices to Members; and on such’ notice being published he shall cease to be a member, or associate accordingly, but his liability for overdue 8 oS acaba shall continue. 16 - 3. New members shall be proposed in writing by a member of the Club; and the name and address of every person thus pro- posed, with the name of the person proposing him, shall be published in the Notices to Members. Unless the candidate shall, within four- teen days after the publication of his name, be ‘objected to by at least two members, he shall be duly elected. If two or more mem- bers shall lodge with either of the Secretaries objections to any candi- date, he shall not be elected, but the signature to the signed. objec- jections must be verified by the Scrutineer. The Secre.aries and the Scrutineer shall not disclose the names of the objectors. 4. Any member wishing to resign at the end of the eurrent year of the Club ‘shall give notice. of his intention to one of the Secretaries before the 31st of December, ‘and in default of such notice he shall be lahle to the following year’s subscription. 5. The Officers of the Club shall be elected from the mem- bers, and shall consist of a President, one or more Vice-presidents, an Auditor, a Scrutineer, one or more Secretaries, a Treasurer, a Veterinary Surgeon, and a Council of Eighteen members, and such number of Judges as shall from time to time be determined by the Council. The Editor, Secretaries, Treasurer, and Veterinary Surgeon shall be ex-officio members of the Council. Three Members of the Council retire annually by senio:i'y, but are eligible for re-election. The Editor, Secretaries, and Treasurer shall be elected trienially. The Council and Judges shall be elected in a manner hereinafter pro- vided. The other officers shall be elected annually at a meeting’ of the Council, immediately after their own election. 6. The election for the three annual vacancies on the Council, and. the Judges, shall take place every year between the 15th of November and the 5th of December. ‘The Secretaries shall ascertain which of the members are willing to stand for election to office, and shall send to each member of the Club or about the Ldth of November a voting paper containing a list of all such members, showing the offices for which they are respectively seeking election. Each member shall make a (xX) opposite the names of those for whom he desires to vote, and shall sign the paper at the foot, and send. it in a sealed envelope to the Scrutineer, so that he may receive it before 5th of December. The Scrutineer shall prepare a return of the officers elected, showing the number of votes recorded for each candidate, and send it to one of the Secretaries for publication in the Notices to Members for December. The Scrutineer shall not reveai to any person how any member shall have voted. In the event of an equality of votes the President shall have a casting vote. 7. Dealers in birds shall not be eligible for election to any ~ office in the Club, except that of Judge. For the purpose of this rule,, any member who habitually buys birds with the intention of selling them again, shall be deemed a bird dealer. Before the annual election of officers, the Secretaries shall submit to the Council the list of members willing to stand for election to the Secretaryship, the ‘Treasurership, and the Council; and the Council shall remove from the list the name of any candidate who shall be, in the opinion of the Council, a dealer in birds, within the meaning of this rule. The decision of the Council or of any Committee to whom the Council shall delegate its power under tais rule, shall be final. When a dealer is proposed as a member of the Club, the fact of his being a dealer shall be stated in the Notices to Members. 8. It shall be lawful for the Council to delegate any of its powers to a Committee. 17 - 9. The Council may appoint a an Arbitration Committec, which may decide questions at issue between members or associates, when requested to do so by both parties. Any decision of such Com- mittee shall be final. “Except to the extent permitted by this rule, the Club and its officers shall decline to concern themselves with - ‘disputes between members. ; 10. ‘The Council shall have power to alter and add to these. Rules, but shall give to the members notice of any proposed alter- ation or addition, and in the event of six members objecting thereto within fourteen days the proposed alterations or additions shall be submitted to the votes of the members. Failing such objection the alteration shall date from its adoption by the Council. s fl. The Council shall have power to expel any member or fe associate at any. time. 12.—Neii'ther ‘the office of Secrutineer nor that of Auditor a hati be held for two consecutive years by the same person. The Serutineer shall not be a candidate at any election at which he acts ~ ‘as Scrutineer. Ec: 15. If any office becomes vacant at any time other than Dy” the end of the current year of the Club, the Council shall have power to appoint any member to fill the vacancy. : i 14. The decision of the majority of the Council shall be final and binding on the Club, but a resolution. passed by the Couheil shall not be acted upon unless there be an abso'ute majority of the a _ Council (and not eats of those voting) in its favour. —_o—_ Notices to Members. ’ SUBSCRIPTIONS: Will Members please note that these became due on January 1st, and are payable in advance! We would also point oul that the necessity for the prompt payment of subscriptioius __ is frequently overlooked, inflicting needless labour upon the Hon. : Secretary, and equally needless waste of funds—will Members suffer this reminder? We would also point out that subscriptions should be sent to the Hon. Treasurer, Mr. S. Williams, Holland Lodge, _ Edmonton, London, N., and not to Mr. Willford, who gave hs tthe treasurership in Gctsbex. LON cae Income: We ask all our Members to assist in giving us a louble income this year, by doubling the amount of Geis subscrip- tions when remitting same; with our present membership the future _ is assured—this would wipe out all deficit and enable us to put col- ~ oured plates in hand for future volumes; this should not be a burden upon any, and to maintain permanently what has been already achieved is, assuredly, well worth the effort. _CoLouRED PLATES: ions had been mene to issue 18 we feel assured that the geueral opinion will be, that they compare very favourably with any we have hitherto issued, both as to interest and quality. We hope to issue the first with February Bird Notes. BrrEpingc Mepars: The Awards’ Committee have granted medals for the breeding of the undermentioned Species and Hybrids for the first time in Great Britain, as follows: Sprcrps:—Great Tit: Dr. M. Amsler. Lineolated Parrakeet: Miss M. BE. Baker. Chajttering Lory: Lady Poltimore. Orange Weaver: Lady Poltimore. Hypripvs.—Great Nigerian Yellow x Short-winged Weaver: W. Shore Baily. Blue-breasted Waxbill x Cordon Bleu: Dr. M. Amsler. , Jendaya x Golden-crowned Conure: Lady Poltimore. WESLEY T. PAGE, Hon. Editor. S. WILLIAMS, Hon. Business Sec. & Treas. —oe—— \ Post Mortem Reports. Vide Rules (See Page tii of Cover.) Deav Birps ror Post Mortem EXAMINATION RECEIVED DURING THE MontTH ARE REPORTED UPON IN THE FoLtowine Issur oF “Birp Norns.” 3 YELLOW-WINGED SuGARBIRD (Q). (Mrs. G. Christie, Elgin, Morayshire. Received on December 10th; died of pneumonia, which cannot very well be avoided in an ever changeable climate like ours. Maskep Grassrincu. (G. Scott Freeland, Tonbridge). Cause of death, pneumonia. I have never found Inger (Niger) ‘seed injurious and have fed Finches, ‘which have lived on it for years. RED-CRESTED CARDINAL (Q). (B. Hamilton Scott, Ipswoch). Cause of death, aspergillary caseous pneumonia, due to the fungus As- pergillus fumigatus. This is a common cause of death of Cardinals. I have fully described this disease in Vol. I. of Hoare’s System oj Veterinary Medicine. Im Canaries as well as Cardinals it often givies rise to the so-called asthma and also the “'gaping'-disease ’ which resembles in symptoms “'gapes” or parasitic bronchitis. Iodine of potasium and liquor arsenicalis if given in time in the drinking water may bring about a cure. But generally the disease is far advanced before one ‘observed any symptoms. No species of bird is exempt. It is rarer in mammals. It frequently causes in pigeons “ canker”’ or mycotic stomatitis, which has been conveyed to ‘pigeon-crammers and others. The Aspergillus fumigatus is commonly found on all kinds of grain, straw, hay, etc., and particularly when musty or damp. It often gives rise fo a pseudo-tubercufosis and in some instances may cause abscesses around the joints. The liquor arsenicalis commonly termed Fowler’s Solution of ; Arsenic, should be prepared for animals without the Tincture of Lavenduld, which the British Pharmacopzia preparation contains. LINEOLATED PARRAKEET ((). (Capt. John S. Reeve, Lin- coln). Evidently it died in convulsions. Hoopep Siskin (o’), and YELLOW-WINGED SUGARBIRD (('). (G. Scott Freeland, Tonbridge). Both died from acute pneumonia. I am afraid the Blue-winged Bulbul ‘sent on October 8th did not get to its proper destination. Answered by Post:—J. L. Grossmith, Miss Chawner, R. S. de Q. Quincey, T. Webb, Mrs. Turner-Turner. H. GRAY, M.B.C.V.S- Illustration and Deficit Fund. The Committee acknowledge with best thanks the follow- ing donations: : n . Bruce, Miss A. CL a SAG en Wes Ny Be i coro ane a ee me Hopkinson, Dr. E., D.S.O. Lovell-Keays, Dr. L. Le iat Resa Eee ee EN MS Lau us tates See tee tas nie wee co adeve ton Rice, Captain LEENA 4 90 SRE I Gina A One i Ss ies Uae RES Se Wilson, Miss F. M. ned ONKRKFR WARN _ SCwWwWwWwWwonwmwnsd ccoccooooS ry —-— e¢— New Members Elected. Peter Arnott; 37a.. Grange Road, Alloz ©. E. Dell; 12 High Street, Harlesden, London, N.W. _ Mrs. E. Warren Vernon, Lamancha House, Lamancha, Peebleshire. _ Mrs. M. H. Davies, Daresbury Hall, Nr. Warringiton.; * Lady Yule; Hanstead House, Bricket Wood, Herts. a John McCullough, Fairyhill, Crammore Park, Belfast. BAS aes on Proposed for Election as Members. \ ie The Lord Lilford, Lilford Hall, Oundle, Northants. ze: By Capt. J. S. Reeve. “a Bw: G. Schuyl 12, Toe-Haringvliet, Rotterdam, Holland. By R. Suggitt. 20 N. S. Lucas, M.B., F.Z.S., 19, Westbourne Terrace, Hyde Park, London. } By Miss RB. Lucas. R. Cross, Northumberland Park, Tottenham, London, N. By S.. Wiliams. —— @ ——_ The Bird Market. Advertisements must be prepaid and reach the Editorial Secretary by the 10th of the month. Charge: Members’ advertisements, four words a penny, minimum 4d. Non-Members, three words a penny, minimum 6d. COLOURED PLATES: All the plates that have been issued up to the present, can be obtained uncut for framing at 1/- each, with the excep- tion of “ A Beautiful Aviary” which is 1/6. Apply to The PusnisHer, Market Place, Ashbourne MEMBERS’ SALES AND WANTS. FOR SALE: Exhibition Norwich Canaries. at reasonable | prices, from 10s. a pair.—Mrs. M. Scholes, Woodcote, Ottery St. Mary. FOR SALE: Roller Canaries, lovely songsters, 6s. each; carriage and cage free.—Miss Yi Cowhill, Rutland Road, Harrogate, Yorks. WANTED: Hens—Gang-gang Cockatoo, Bourke’s and Peunant’s Par- rakeets. Pairs: Yellow-mantled Parrakeets and Common Parrot Finches. FOR SALE: Hen Violet-eared Waxbill (good); Cocks, Grand Eclectus Parrot and Pintailed Finch; also pair Senegal Parrots.—Miss Clare, 194 Coombe Lane, Wimbledon, S.W. FOR SALE: Solid Brass Parrot Cagies (large) in good condition), cost 42s. each, accept 21s. or near offer if several are taken. Particulars with pleasure-—Mrs. Miller, 27 Belgrave Road, London, S.W. AVIARIES AND BIRD FOODS: Aviaries Planned and their erection ana furnishing supervised at reasonable charges. Aviaries visited and expert advice given. Existing aviaries over- hauled, re-arranged, and refurnished. Supervision of aviaries undertaken by monthly, bi-monthly, or quarterly visits, at terms to be mutually agreed upon. In response to numerous re- quests I am willing to supply all kinds of Bird Seeds and Foods from my own stock. Also special mixtures for Parrots, Parra- keets, etc., at current rates: -INSECTILE MIXTURE, 1s., 1s. 6d., 2s., and 2s. 6d. per lb. NEST BARRELS for Parra- keets, Lovebirds, ete., specially. made for the pur- pose, in three sizes—small, medium, and large. These barrels, especially the large size, if fitted with a perch or twigy branch, make excellent sitelters for birds of the Finch-tribe during inclement weather. Also Rush Nests for Waxbills and snall Finches.—Apply, W. T. Page, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. 22 jig THE RECOGNISED CLUB SHOW CAGE MAKER. Norwich, Yorkshire, and Cinnamon Club Show Cages, all 2s. each, 3 for 5s. 6d.; ‘Border, Crest, Lancashire, Lizard, and Belgian Show Cages, and Bow-fronted Crest Show Cages, 3s. each. STANDARD BRITISH SHOW CAGES. Detachable Bow Fronts, Club Colour and Perches. Size suitable for Redpolls, Siskins, or Twites, 2s. 9d. each; size suitable for Linnets, Goldfinches, Bullfinches, and Greenfinches, 3s.;. size suitable for Buntings, Chaffinches, and Bramblefinches, 3s. 8d.; size suitable for Wrens and the Smaller Warblers, 4s. 6d. Size suitable for Nightingales, Blackcaps, etc., 5s. 6d.; size suitable for Thrush, Blackbird, or Starling, 6s. 6d. Mule or Hybrid Show Cages 2s. 3d., and 2s. 9d. each. Special Show Cages suitable for any variety of British or Foreign Birds, Made to Order. ~Kindly state wants. FOREIGN BIRD SHOW CAGES. Size 1, suitable for Small Foreign Birds, not larger than Gouldian Finches. Price, 4s. 6d. each. Size 2, suitable for Superb Tanagers or Birds of a similar size. Price, 5s. 6d. each. Size 3, suitable for Shamas, or Birds of a similar size, Price, 7s. 6d. each. Size 4, suitable for Perovian, Viga, and Blue-Headed Jays, or Birds of a similar size, Price, 10s. 6d. each. Foreign Bird Fanciers Please Note:—We can ‘make Show or Stock Cages suitable for any kind of Foreign Birds if you will kindly write and let us know what you require. We willgladly quo‘e you price. WOOD TRAVELLING CASE. With Leather Handles and Pa- tent Fasteners. Made light, neat and strong. The following sizes always in stock: To hold 2 Show Cages 5s. each; to hold 3 Show Cages 6s. each; to hold 4 Show Cages 7s. each; to hold 6 Show Cages 8s. each. Special sizes made to order, CAGE-BIRD EXHIBITION BASKETS. Made of Buffwillow, Varnishea and Lined ready for use. Light, neat and strong. The following sizes always in stock: To hold 2 Cages 5s. 6d. each; to hold 8 Cages 7s. each: to hold 4 cages 9s. each; to hold 6 Cages 12s. 6d. each. Special sizes made to order. ZINC SHOW OAGE DRINKERS WITH HINGED: FLAP. Prevents birds washing in drinkers, a boon to exhibitors, price 1s. 6d. doz.; by post 1s. 9d. \ MAGNET BIRD SOAP. Specially prepared for washing Birds, Magnet Bird Soap produces that most brilliant gloss and finish so much desired in all show specimens. Price 74d. box post free, with coupons for special prizes. Camel Hair Washing Brushes Is. each. WALSH’S: LATEST IMPROVED BIRD SPRAYER. This is a Nickel-Silver Sprayer worked with rubber pipe and ball, to fit in ardinary fottle. No blowing required. You can spray the mast timid bird with this sprayer without frightening it. A boon to Exhibitors. Price 2s. post free. ; For everything’ connected with the Cage Bird Fancy see our new 100-page catalogue, post free on application. WALSH, Bird Food Specialist, BLACKBURN. Telephone 947. 21 FOR SALE: Red and Yellow Macaw, just finishing moult, £2. Would take less if going to a PRE REE home in Zoologir 1S Gardens.—R. A. Dyott, Lichfield. WANTED: Male St. Helena Seed-Hater, must be a really good songster.—Miss Wait, 12, Rosary Gardens, London, S.W. FOR SALE: Pair Black-head Siskin x Norwich Canary mules, large ‘birds, cock splendid songster, 15s.; cock Ruficauda Finch 10s.; pair Zebra Finches 7s.; pair Red-beaked Weavers 4s.; all in outdoor aviary. WANTED: Hens Aurora and Reddish Finches.—J. C. W. Meadows, 19, Cardiff Road, Luton, Beds. De VON & @Co., 114, BETHNAL GREEN ROAD, LONDON. Telegraphic Address—Oiseaux, London; ‘Phone—5489 Wall. PRICE LISTS FREE. Mexican Bittern 25s. each; Australian Chestnut Finches 18s. pair; Alario Finches 7s. 6d. each; Long-tailed Glossy Starlings 25s. each; White-cheeked Larkfinches 20s. pair; Pekin Nightingales 1s. 6d.; Cuban Finches 18s. pair; Nonpareil Bunting 14s-; Arctic Knots 5s. pair; Dunlin 5s. pair; Seagulls 5s. pair; Thousands of Foreign Finches from 2s. pair, 9s. dozen. RUGUST FOCKELMINN, IMPORTER AND DEALER OF RARE BIRDS, etc. Speciality: RARE SOFT-BILLEDO BIANS. HAMBURG-GROSSBORSTEL —— @-—-—- Mexican Tree Quails; Chukar Partridges; White Peacocks; Dem- oiselle Cranes; Crown Cranes; White Swans; Black Swans; Black-necked Swans; Bewick’s Swans; Canadian Geese; Brent Geese; Hand-reared and pinioned Fulvous Tree Ducks; Ba- hama Ducks; Carolina Ducks; Mandarin Ducks; White-ieyed Ducks: Rosy-billed Ducks; Whistling ‘Red-headed Pochards; Ruddy Sheldrakes;' Blue-winged Teals (Nettium torquatum); Red-shouldered eals; Chilian Teals; Chilian Pintails: Chilian Wigeons. Bene Lr ek 6 - PRICE-LIST: FREER ON APPLICATION. < 23 7 FEBRUARY, 1914 The Foreign Bird Club. (Continued from page 1). Magazine Committee: W. A. BAINBRIDGE. Rev. G. H. Raynor, M.A. Dr. P. Gosse. 3 Dr. J. EASron Scort. H. Gray, M.R.C.V 8. R. SuGe irr. Dr. J. E. R. McDonaGu. H. WILLeorp. Show Committee: W. A. BAINBRIDGE. A. SILVER. S. M. TownsEND (Hon. Sec.) Social Committee : Mrs. C. ANNINGSON. W. BAMFORD. Miss M. E. BAKER. W. T. Rocers (Hon. Sec.) Mrs. E. A. H. HARTLEY. A. SUTCLIFFE. W.R. TEMPLE. Scrutineer : G. Scorr FREELAND. Auditor: G. E. Rarrican. Judges: HH. T. T. Camrs, F.Z.S8. R. Humpury. W. SwWAYSLAND. H.R. FILuMer. J. ROBSON. S. M. TOWNSEND. S. WILurAms, F.Z.S. Notices to Members. Memerers Mmntincs (Winter Session): The second of these will take place on Saturday, February 21st, at the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, South Kensington, when Mr. Ogilive-Grant has kindly consented to have the skins of the Flycatchers (Muscicapidae) on display in the Bird Room. We trust there will be a good muster-— this makes a good opportunity for Members to bring up any unknown birds they possess for identification. The rendezvous will be the Entrance Hall of the Museum, at 2-15 p.m. Tur Roti: On January Ist this stood at 399, and we have- since enrolled ten new Members. We would remind our Members that _ materially increasing our roll is a task in which all can assist, and that f _ there is no time like the early part of the year for an attempt to. be made for a substantial increase in our membership. The Won. _ Business Secretary will be pleased to send a specimen copy of the Club. Journal to any prospective Member, in the name of any Momber sending the address or addresses. WESLEY T, PAGE, Hon. Editor. S. WILLIAMS, Hon. Bus. Sec. and Treas.- : The Committee acknowledge with best 24 Illustration and Deficit Fund. donations :— Beaty, S. ‘ Re racer Bousfield, Miss M. PETS IA oe Se ig RD eke Clarke, S. (o.p. sub.) MEI acPse magkoniy CBGC Croysdale, Mrs. 2 Dic, Subs)! feus ate tecaee tes Currie, J. RUPP ake adi ei Fowler-Ward, abe: Freeland, G. Scott Gloyns, H. Gorringe, Rev. R. E. P. Hume, J. Lewis, J Lueasy: Misst= (oMp: sgubi))c cet ae, cesta aaa Marshall, Mrs. McDonagh, Dr. Pennant, Lady E. Golgi: Pilkington, Lady Kathleen Rogers, W.)T. Ryan, W. J. Nae deren tenshiccigthaelel te niraee eee Scott-Miller, R. Schuylz, D. G. Smyth, Miss A. B. oe ae Ene Neca et ee ates Thomassett, B. C. (o.p. sub.) Travis) «Mrs i(Osp... SWOe) tse oce eee nner Cees Turner-Turner, Mrs. Vernon, Mrs. Warren Webster, Lady Wimble, C. D. G. Schuylz ; New Members Elected. The Lord Lilford ; Lilford Hall, Oundle, London, W. R. Cross : J. H. Anderson ; Mrs. Pope ; Northumberland Park, Tottenham, London, N. ogo Northants. thanks 0 rhOSSOOSCSO OOOH OOCCOH.S ee Ss 12 Toe-Haringvliet, Rotterdam, Holland. N. S. Lucas, M.B., F.Z.S.; 19, Westbourne Terrace, the following roe r) SeESSTHHOOSOsSsSoeOAesooocoeoagognseancosn Hyde Park, Proposed for Election as Members. 20 Hoghton Street, Southport. ‘By Miss BE. G. B. Peddie Waddelt. Howden, Tiverton, Devon. By Mrs. W. P. Travis. 25 G. H. Acton, Bytham, Kidmore Road, Caversham, Reading. B. T. Stewart, Glenhurst, The Crosspaths, Radlett, Herts. A. J. Stevens, 8, Argyle Road, Ilford. By S. Williams, F.Z.8. J. Charles, Stone House, Doncaster. By the Hon. Editor. W. E. Steinschen, The Bungalow, Contanchey, Guernsey. By S. Clarke. Mrs. D. A. S. Longdon, 40, Beechwood Road, Uplands, Swansea. By J. Frostick. Mrs. A. L. Tracy; Rossclare, Canford Cliffs, Bournemouth. Miss M. Boyd, Webbery, Bideford. By the Hon. Editor. Errata re Roll. Mrs. C. Anningson, “(Deec., 1910)” should be “‘ (Dee., 1901).” _DELETE. E. Hattersley, 16, Thornfield Road, Leeds. ADD: Soames, Rev. H. A.. M.A., F.L.S., Lyncroft, Bromley, Kent. Changes and Corrections of Address. Ward, The Hon. Mrs. Somerset, to Ballywalter Park, ‘Ballywalter, co. Down. Webster, Lady, to Hotel de le Poste, St. Jean de Luz, France. Hatchell D. G., to c.o. Parry and Co., Madras, India. The Bird Market. Advertisements must be prepaid and reach the Editorial Secretary by the 10th of the month. Charge: Members’ advertisements, four words a penny, minimum 4d. Non-Members, three words a penny, minimum 6d. ' COLOURED PLATES: All the plates that have been issued up to the present, can be obtained uncut for framing at 1/- each, with the excep- tion of “A Beautiful Aviary” which is 1/6. PR Apply to Mae Punsisitnur, Market Place, Ashbourne MEMBERS’ SALES AND WANTS. FOR SALE. Exhibition Norwich Canaries, at reasonable prices, from 10s. a pair—Mrs. M. Scholes, Woodcote, Ottery St. Mary. FOR SALE. Finest strain, magnificent bandmasters, 10s., cage and ear- riage free —Miss Jackson, Cowhill, Rut.and Road, Harrogate, Yorks. FOR SALE: Pair of Hooded Siskins, have nested in aviary, £4; Pair of Indigo Buntings, 2 years, acclimatised, 50s.; Black-headed Gouldian, cock, 20s.; 2 hens do., 20s. each; Green Avadavats, 4s. each , Black-cheeked Lovebirds, 20s. each ; Green Budgerigars 5s. pair ; 2 cock Alarios, 20s. each; cock Cordon Bleu, 5s.; cock Zebra Finches, 3s. each; hen Pintail Nonpareil, 2 years in aviary, 7s. 6d.: pair of Reed Buntings, have nested, 10s.; pure white Java Sparrow, 10s.; aviary moulted English Goldfinch, cup winuer, 15s. ; Fine Siberian Goldfinch, acclimatised, 12s. 6d.; hen White Java Sparrow, 5s.; 2 pairs Cutthroats, 3s. a° pair; cock Madagascar Weaver, 4s.; several B-itish Hard-bills, cheap ; numerous Show Cages, at 2s. each.—Rev. John. M. Paterson, St. John’s Vicarage, Hol- lington, St. Leonard’s-on-Sea. 26 FOR SALE. Solid Brass Parrot Cages (large) in good condition, 20st from 42s. each; accept from 21s. or near offer if several are taken. Particulars with pleasure —Mrs. Miller, 27, Belgrave Road, [on- don, S.W. WANTED. Pairs of any of the following from. out-door aviaries : Green Avadavats ; Aurora, Diamond or Cuban Finches.—Mrs. Read, Church Croft, Weston Park Road, Thames Ditton. WANTED: Cocks—Yellow-winged Sugarbird, American Nonpareil (two), Tricolour Tanager, Festive Tanager ; Hens—Violet Tanager, Neck- lace Tanager, Rufous-tailed Grassfinch, Long-tailed Grassfinch, Red- headed Gouldian Finches (2), and Blue Sugarbird.—Scott- Freeland, Hill Rise, Tonbridge. FOR SALE: Pair Waxwings, 17s. 6d.; hen Indigo Bunting, 10s.; hen Nonpareil Bunting, 15s... WANTED: Hen Californian Quail ; wish to Exchange Zebra: Finches, Pair or Cocks only,—R. Sugeitt, _ Suggitt’s Lane, Cleethorpes. . WANTED. Cocks, Aurita Dove and Cape Sparrow. Hens, Rusty- cheeked Babbler, Peaceful Dove, Brown-winged Blue Grosbeak, Grey’ Grosbeak, Himalayan Greenfinch and Rufous-necked Weayer.—W. Shore Baily, Boyers House, Westbury, Wilts. FOR SALE. Black-cheek Lovebirds, two hens and one cock, very fine birds, to private out-door aviary only—no dealers need apply.— Price and further particulars on application, to Miss S. Ruther- furd, 14 Gt: Stuart Street, Edinburgh. FOR SALE: Golden Pheasants, 18s. pair, Hens 12s. 6d., Cocks Ys. 6d. WANTED: Hens, Pennants’ Parrakeet and’ Crimson Finch.—Dr. Lovell-Keays, East Hoathly, Sussex. AVIARIES AND BIRD FOODS: Aviaries Planned and their erection and furnishing supervised at reasonable charges. Aviaries visited and expert advice given. Existing aviaries overhauled, re-arranged, and re-furnished. Supervision of aviaries undertaken by monthly, bi-monthly, or quarterly visits, at terms to be mutually agreed apon. In response to numerous requests I am willing to supply all kinds of Bird Seeds and Foods from my own stock. Also special mixtures for Parrots, Parrakeets, etc., at current rates: INSECT- ILE MIXTURE, 1s., Is. 6d., 2s., and 2s. 6d. per Ib. NEST BARRELS, for Parrakeets, Lovebirds, etc., specially made for the purpose, in three sizes—small, medium, and large. These barrels, especially the large size, if fitted with a perch or twigy branch} make excellent shelters for birds of the Finch-tribe during inclement weather. Also Rush Nests for Waxbills, and small Finches.— Apply. W. T. Page, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. FOR SALE: 3 pairs Cockateels, 2 pairs of Senegal Turtle, and 2 pairs of English Turtle Doves, all aviary-bred, and from large out-door aviary ; also a splendid cock Hawfinch, in perfect condition, winner, 12s. 6d.—Hamilton Scott, Hamildean, Ipswich. ae 27 FOR SALE: Blue-breasted Waxbills, pairs, 25s., cock 12s—Page, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. FOR SALE: Pairs, Melba Finches, 40s.; Red-headed Finches, 18s.; . | Ruddy Finches, 20s.; Cuban Finches, 20s.; Olive Finches, 20s. ; White-browed Finches, 12s. 6d.; Magpie Mannikins, 7s. 6d.; Zebra Finches, 8s. 6d. ; Yellow-rumped Serins, 10s.; Peach-faced Lovebirds £7 10s.; Emerald Doves, 20s.; also Swinhoe, Kalegee, Amhert’s, Gold, and Silver Pheasants. List sent on application — Yealland, Binstead, Isle of Wight. t De VON & Co., s 114, BETHNAL GREEN ROAD, LONDON. Telegraphic Address—Oiseaux, London; ’Phone—5489 Wall. PRICE LISTS FREE. Americar Mocking Birds, 18s.; tame Bare-eyed Cockatoo 18s.; Bul- buls, 4s. 6d. each; Breeding Budgerigars 5s. pair; Yellows 8s. pair: Jamaican Troupial 25s.; Finch-Larks 20s. pair; Quaker Conures, 5s. each; Senegal Song Sparrows 7s. 6d. pair; Zebra Doves 6s. 6d. pair; Arctic Knots, 5s. pair; Dunlin 5s. pair; Curlews, 7s. 6d. each; Carolina Ducks 35s. pair; Mandarin Ducks 30s.; thousands of small Foreign Finches from 2s. pair, 9s. dozen. - ROGOUST FOCKELMRANN, IMPORTER AND DEALER OF RARE BIRDS, etc. ri. _ Speciality : RARE SOFT-BILLED BIRDS. . HAMBURG- GROSSBORSTEL Mexican Tree Quails; Chukar Partridges; White Peacocks; Dem- = - oiselle Cranes; Crowned Cranes; White Swans; Black Swans ; Black-necked Swans; Bewick’s Swans; Canadian Geese; Brent ‘a Geese: Hand-reared and pinioned Fulvous Tree Ducks; Ba- hama Ducks; Carolina Ducks; Mandarin Ducks; White-ieyed Ducks; Rosy-billed Ducks; Whistling “Red-headed Pochards; Ruddy Sheldrakes; Blue-winged Teals (Nettium torquatum) ; Red-shouldered Teals; Chilian Tea!s; Chilian Pintails; Chilian | Wigeons. ———— 55 PRICH-LIST FREE ON APPLICATION, s ty Diamond, - or Cuba Finches —Mrs. Read, Church Croft, Weston Park Road, Thames Ditton. WANTED: A Cock Alario Finch for Mule breeding —Miss Lucas, 46 Gloucester Square, London, W. ‘WANTED. Hen Red-headed Gouldian Finch—1913 out-door preferred ~-must be in perfect condition, exchange ditto cock and cash to value.—Mrs. Christie, Newton, Elgin. _ FOR SALE: Jardine’s “ Naturalists Library,’ 9 Vols. 10s. 6d.; “ Avicultural Magazine,’ Vols. II., V., VI., 20s; Harting’s ‘‘Hand- book of British Birds,’ 35 coloured plates, 15s.—Oakey, 34 High- Street, Leicester. 32 FOR SALE: Red and Blue Macaw, fine talker, 70s.; Blue-crowned Conure 20s.; Great Vasa Parrot 55s.; Salvin’s Amazon 40s. ; Indian Mynah 14s.; 1 Cock and 2 Hen Blood-stained Finches, 24s. lot ; Cock Mexican Hawfinch 15s.; all fully acclimatised. Mostly very tame.—Dawson-Smith, Nash Rectory, Stony Stratford. FOR SALE: Hen Brush Bronze-wing Pigeon 10s.—B. ©. Thomasset, Ashmansworth, near Newbury. FOR SALE: Australian King Parrakeet, fine young cock, tame, very seaice, £8; Meally Rosellas, £6 pair; Cardinal Eclectus (EB. car- dimalis; hen, very rare, £5; Red-sided LEclectus (EH. »ectoralis) cock, grandspecimen, ~ £55 ° Ceram Lory, 2nd ~Hay’ Hall, special prize, palace, £3 10s.; Indian Ring-necked Parrakeet, sol- dier’s hand-reared pet, finger tame, talks well, loves men, hates women, £3 10s.; Double-fronted Amazon, ex.-fine, £3 3s.; Bud- gerigars, H.C. Palace, 10s. 6d., others from 5s. 6d. pair; Japan- ese Redbreast, 1st prize, Championship Diploma, Silver Medal for Best Foreign Bird, Crystal Palace, £6; Pekin Robin, extraordinary songster, 12s. 6d.; Golden-fronted Green Honeysucker 50s. ; Scarlet Tanager, 35s.; Silver-blue Tanager, 25s.; White Blackbird, 2nd H. Hail, £5 ; Massena Harlequin Quail, rare, Cuban Colins, 25s. pair ; Har- lequin Doves, perfect, 15s. pair; Chinese Greenfinches, 3 for 37s. 6da.; Chinese Siskins, 2 hens 11s., direct from Tientsin ; Gouldian Finches, 50s.; Rufous-tailed, 40s.; African Red-headed, 25s. ; Paradise Whydahs, 10s. 6d.; Napoleons, 8s. 6d.; Blue-breasted Waxbills, 30s.; Golden-breasted, 7s. 6d.; St. Helenas, 12s. 6d. pairs ; Comora Weaver, Crimson-crowned, 7s. 6d.; Green Avada- vats, hen 6s. 6d.; Zebra cock, 3s. 6d.; Chestnut-breasted Finch, - 2Us. Special Insectivorous Birds’ Food 1s. 10d. lb., free.—John Frostick, 50 Poundaries. Road, Balham. FOR SALE: Aviary bred and hand-reared, 1913, Orange headed Ground Thrush ; finger tame, comes in and out of cage, £3 10s. WANTED = Pair of Virginian Cardinals, healthy acclimatised.— Dr. Amsler, Eton. FOR SALE: Pair Zebra Doves 7s.; Red-billed Weaver 2/6, all been year in aviary,— Mrs. Gott, Weetwood, Leeds. DE VON& CO. — 114, BETHNAL GREEN ROAD, LONDON. ‘Phone 5489, Wall. Telegraphic Address : Oiseaux, London. Red Virginian Cardinals, various American Quail, Cuban Finches, Troupials, Indigo Buntings, various rare Buntings, from the Trans- vaal. White-cheeked Lark-Finches, Red-vented Bulbuls, Mocking Birds, Macaws, Waxwings, Wild Pigeons, Mandarian and Carolina Ducks. : THOUSANDS OF FOREIGN FINCHES, from 2s. pair, 9s. doz. Write for Price List. : . 33, TO APPEAR MAY 1st. SPECIES ‘tic Reared Young x J and HYBRIDS ‘wie! Been Bred in Captivity in Great Britain. BY WESLEY CLS (PAGE, 1.2.55. M.B.N.HS.; Systematically arranged according to Dr. Gadow’s Classification slightly revised. ILLUSTRATED. IN PERLEAVED. IN CLOTH. MEDIUM §8vo. 2s. 6d., Net. By Post 2s. Od. ARERR od J. H. Henstock, THe Avran Press,” ASHBOURNE. RUGUST FOCKELMANN, — IMPORTER AND DEALER OF RARE BIRDS, etc. Speciality: RARE SOFT-SILLED BIRDS. HAMBURG-GROSSBORSTEL \ ae el Mexican Tree Quaiis; Chukar Partridges; White Peacocks; Dem- ciselle Cranes; Crowned Cranes; White Swans; Black Swans; ‘Black-necked Swans; Bewick’s Swans; Canadian Geese; Brent Geese; Hand-reared and pinioned Fulvous Tree Ducks; Ba- hama Ducks; Carolina Ducks; Mandarin Ducks; White-eyed Ducks; Rosy-billed Ducks; Whistling -Red-headed Pochards; Ruddy Sheldrakes; Blue-winged Teals (Nettiwm torquatum) ; Red-shouldered Teals; Chilian Teals; Chilian Pintails; Chiliaz Wigeons. - A PRIRK-LIST FREE ON ‘APPLICATION. TALSH THE RECOGNISED CLUB SHO SHOW CAGE MAKER. Norwich, Yorkshire, and Cinnamon Club Show Cages, all 2s. each, 3 for 5s. Gd.; ‘Border, Crest, Lancashire, Lizard, and Belgian Show Cages, and Bow- fronted Crest Show Cages, ON. each. STANDARD BRITISH SHOW CAGES. Detachable Bow Fronts, Club Colour and Perches. Size suitable for Redpolls, Siskins, or Twites, 2s, 9d. each; size suitable for Linnets, Goldfinches, Bullfinches, and Greenfinches, 3s.; size suitable for Buntings, Chaffinches, and Bramblefinches, 3s. 3d.; size suitable for Wrens and the Smaller Warblers, 4s. 6d. Size suitable for Nightingales, Blackcaps, etc., 5s. 6d.; size suitable for Thrush, Blackbird, or Starling, 6s. 6d. Mule or Hybrid Show Cages 2s. 3d., and 2s. 9d. each. Special Show Cages suitable for any variety of British or Foreign Birds, Made to Order. ~Kindly state wants. FOREIGN BIRD SHOW CAGES. Size 1, suitable for Small Foreign Birds, not larger than Gouldian Finches. Price, 4s. 6d. each. Size 2, suitable for Superb Tanagers or Birds of a similar size. Price, 5s. 6d. each. Size 3, suitable for Shamas, or Birds of a similar size, -Price, 7s. 6d. each. Size 4, suitable for Peruvian, Yiga, and Blue-headed Jays, or Birds of a similar size, Price, 10s. 6d. each. Foreign Bird Fanciers Please Note:—We can make Show’ or Stock Cages suitable for any kind of Foreign Birds if you will kindly write and let us know what you require. We “will gladly quote you price. WOOD TRAVELLING CASE. With Leather Handles and Pa- tent Fasteners. Made light, neat and strong. The following sizes always in stock: To hold 2 Show Cages 5s. each; to hold 3 Show Cages 6s. each; to hold 4 Show Cages 7s. each; to hold 6 Show Cages 8s. each. Special sizes made to order, CAGE-BIRD EXHIBITION BASKETS. Made of Buffwillow, Varnishea and Lined ready for use. Light, neat and strong. The following sizes always in stock: To hold 3 Cages 5s. 6d. each; to hold 3 Cages 7s. each; to hold 4 cages Qs. each ; to held 6 Cages 12s. 6d. each. Special sizes made to ‘order. ZINC SHOW CAGE DRINKERS WITH HINGED FLAP. Prevents birds qwashing in drinkers, a boon to exhibitors, price 1s. 6d. doz.; st is. Qd. MA BIRD SOAP. Specially prepared for washing Birds, Magnet Bira roduces that most brilliant gloss and finish ‘So. much desired in alls. \pecimens. Price 73d. box post free, with coupons for special prizes. Camel Hair Washing Brushes 1s. each. WALSH’S LATEST IMPROVED BIRD SPRAYER. This is a Nickel-Silver Sprayer worked with rubber pipe and ball, to fit in ordinary. Bottle. No blowing required. You can spray the mosi timid bird with this sprayer without frightening it. A boon to Exhibitors. Price 2s. post free. For everything connected with the Cage Bird Fancy see our new 100-page catalogue, post free on application. WALSH, Bird Food Specialist, BLACKBURN. Telephone 947, a] The Foreign Bird Club. Notices to Members. Tur Macazine: We regret this issue being a few days late, but in consequence of the Easter holidays and the absence from home of the Hon. Editor, the delay has been unavoidable. Cory: The Hon. Editor urges members to send in notes and ~ accounts of their aviaries and birds, new acquisitions, in fact articles upon all topics of aviculture, as it is impossible to keep the contents of the Club Journal varied and practical unless members prove respon- Sive inihis respect. Our desire is to cover ‘the needs of all our large and continually increasing membership, and we look to all to assist us that this may be accomplished. THE CiuB DinneR: "This will take place at the Holborn Restaurant on Thursday, May 21st, at 6-30 p.m. for 6-45 prompt (Dinner 4s., mourning dress). Those who have not already intimated their intention of being present, will they please do so at once to W. T. Rogers, Weald View, Ongar Road, Brentwood, Essex. It is sincerely hoped that a good number of members and friends will be present. WESLEY T. PAGE, Hon. Editor. S. WILLIAMS, Hon. Bus. Sec. and Treas. Post Mortem feports. Vide Rules (See Page iii of Cover.) Goldfinch (of). (Ernest E. Bentley, Louth). The cause of death was pneumonia. Cock (not hen) Gouldian Finch. (Capt. John S.' Reeves, Lincoln). Cause of death, pneumonia. Seifert Canary (o”). (Miss Muriel Maxwell Jackson, Harrogate). The bird had extensive pneumonia of both lungs. The panting or quick- ened breathing is a symptom’ of the disease. Green Avadavat (9), and also the Orange-cheeked Waxbill (). (W. (0. Montgomery, Hornsea). Died of pneumonia. As a rule pneumonia in birds runs a rapid course, and is usually fatal. Budgerigar (2). (Mrs. Susan Rutherford, Edinburgh). Cause of death was peritonitis, due to ruptured ovisac. Did you use force in try- _ ing to remove the egg? Blue Fronted Amazon Parrot (Q). (L. G. Pike, Wareham). The cause of death was enteritis, no doubt due to exposure to a chill. The bird was excessively fat. Chills are fatal to birds. Cordon Bleu (o).- (J. Weir, New Milton). The cause of death was pneumonia. I don’t think lack of food was conducive to its death. _ Inga seed I have never found harmful to birds. Paradise Whydah. (Miss Mary Boyd, Bideford). The cause of death was pneumonia, which has been very prevalent during the last few months, in fact, it accounts for the death of the majority of caged birds. The injuriousness of inga seed and egg found is based principally upon error of observation. 36 Gold-fronted Fruitsucker (Q). (Dr.” Amsler, Eton)..’ Died from bird-fever, in which the lesions are chiefly. confined to liver and spleen, which are much enlarged and contained innumerable yellowish necrotic foci resembling those of tuberculosis and aspergillosis. Bird-fever runs a much slower course in out-door aviaries than in inside cages. Fre- quently the lesions are well advanced before symptoms are observed. It is a very destructive disease and highly contagious, mediately and unmediately. Pekin Robin (Q). (The Hon. M. C. Hawke, Tadcaster). The left lung was badly affected with pneumonia, the right one slightly. Hen Pekin Robins are often passed off as cocks. You should in future have the sex guaranteed. os Budgerigar (o). (Miss L. Sturton Johnson, Ore). The bird died from pneumonia. Probably the birds you lost last year died from coccidiosis, a parasitic disease chiefly affecting the intestine. This disease attacks every species of bird, chickens, pheasants, partridges, grouse, canaries, ete. It can only be diagnosed by microscopical ex- amination of the feces or intestinal contents. It is conveyed by the food or water. _ Pekin Robin (c') and Indigo (o'). (The Hon. M. C. Hawke, Tadcaster). Both birds died from pneumonia, which is, in birds at least, more of a climatic than a contagious disease. Bringing birds out of an insanitary dealer’s shop and sending them on a long journey by rail, especially during wet chilly weather is enough to set up the malady. Masked Finch (Q) (Rev. G. H. Raynor, Maldon). The cause of death was bird-fever. Have you lost any more? Combasou (c’). (Mrs. M. H. Davies, Warrington). The cause of death was pneumonia. Shama. Col. J. J. Routh, 2, Beechworth Villas, Cheltenham. Your bird must have been ailing some time although you may not have observed anything amiss with it until a few days before its death. This is not a rare experience. The cause of death was pneumonia, but there were also old standing cheesy masses in the left lung, which must have been in existence for a much longer period, perhaps several weeks. Napoleon Weaver (Q). (Mrs. S. P. Pope, Howden, Tiverton, Devon). The cause of death was cerebral apoplexy. Hon. Lilla de Yarburgh-Bateson, Heslington. Sorry I have not — received your bird. I frequently get from the post office labels without packages Answered by post: Viscountess Villiers, Mrs. C. H. Wilhams, Mrs. Eccles. H. GRAY, M.R.C.V.S: Proposed for Election as Members. Mrs. M. Alt, 28, Melrose Gardens, Hammersmith, London, W. By H. Gray, M.R.C.V.S. EF. J. Carr, St. Aidan’s, Alnwick. By J.W. Allan. ‘The Comte de Segur, 49, Avenue d’ Jena, Paris, France. By A. Ezra. 4 37 W. B. C. Dobson, Bindown, Hampton Wick. By H. P.Gloyns. F. Ditchfield, 37, Nugget Street, Oldham. Miss Houfton, Mansfield, Notts. By the Hon. Editor. H. T. King, 11, Elm Tree Avenue, West Bridgford, Nottingham. : By J. H. Henstock. New Meinbers Elected. J. Marsden, Thornhurst, Tewit Park, Harrogate. Mrs. Bainbridge, Elfordleigh, Plymton, Devon. Theo. Foster, Fairlight, Babbacombe, Devon. Herbert J Chick, 39a, Radford Road, Nottingham. J. Hudson Earle; Newgate House, Cottingham, Hull. Ernest, E. Bentley ; St. Mary’s Lodge, Louth. - Changes and Corrections of Address. G. E. Rattigan, to Setley Cottage, Brockenhurst, Hants. The Bird Market. Advertisements must be prepaid and reach the Editorial Secretary by the 10th of the month. Charge: Members’ advertisements, four wordsea penny, minimum -4d. Non-Members, three words a penny, minimum 6d, COLOUCRED PLATES: All the plates that have been issued up to the present, can be obtained uncut for framing at 1/- each, with the excep- tion of “ A Beautiful Aviary” which is 1|/6. Apply to The PuniisuerR, Market Place, Ashbourne MEMBERS’ SALES AND WANTS. - WANTED: Pairs of following from outdoor aviary: Zebra Finches, Yellow Budgerigars, Grey Singingfinches, Silverbills, Pennant Parra- : keets, Quails:—Fowler Ward, Berners Street, Ipswich. WANTED: At once, two Zebra Finch hens ‘and one White Java Spar- row her from outside aviary—Elms, “Rosebank,” Carshalton ‘Road, Sutton, Surrey. WANTED-~ Hen Zebra Finch for breeding this season.—Pope, Howden, Tiverton, Devon. HOR SALH'..~ “ Bird’ “Notes.”” “for 1909; 1910;- 1911, 1912) and 1913, unbound. Good Condition. Any reasonable offer —Miss iL. M. Foster, 35, High Street, Huntingdon. FOR SALE: Pennant Parrakeet, 50s.; Great Vasa Parrot, 55s.; Blue- crowned Conure 20s.; tame Indian Mynah 14s.; cock Nonpareil Bunting, full colour, 20s.; cock Longtailed Grassfinch 15s. 6d.; cock White-eared Bulbul, claws missing, 6s. 6d. All above fully ‘acclimatised ; outdoors.—Dawson-Smith, Nash Rectory, Stony Strat- . ford, Becks © WANTED : Pairs Aurora and Zebra Finches; Cocks, Diamond Finch, . Green Avadavat, Cordon Bleu, and three Gold-breasted Waxbills. Hens, Bengalese (4), Firefinches (6); Gold-breasted Waxbills (2), Zebra Finches (2). FOR SALE: Cock Indian Cinnamon-breasted Nuthatch, hen Hey’s Partridge, hen Jacarini Finch, pair Blue- breasted Waxbills, and Bronze-wing Mannikin.—Page, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. ‘ 38 TRAP-FEEDER, as designed by Captain Reeve, M.F.B.C., a per- manent Seed Reservoir for feeding birds, which can be utilised as a trap for catching up birds in aviaries at any moment. Can be made to hang on wall indoors if desired. Price £1. is. ear by R. Ellis, Leadenham, Lincoln. WANTED irom outdoor aviary, guaranteed cocks of the following : Cape Dove, Olive Finch, (or sell hen), Black-cheeked Lovebird, Golden-breasted Waxbill, and Paradise Whydah. FOR SALE: Lineolated Parrakeet £1, and hen Pelyelon’s Saffron Finches — Captain Reeve, Leadenham, Lincoln. WANTED: Cocks, Ribbon Finch, Bengalee, Madagascar Weaver, Paradise Whydah. Also acclimatised Waxbills.—J. H. Henstock, Avian Press, Ashbourne. FOR SALE~ Blue and Black Jay (Xanthura Yucatanica) imported / direct? very rare, £5; Purple Sugarbirds, cocks, 40s.; Yellow- winged Sugarbird, acclimatised hen, 35s.; Montezuma Quail, 50s. pair; Hooded Siskins, finest pair ever imported, 60s.; Melba Finches, acclimatised, 45s. pair; rare Amazon Parrots—Spectacle, 90s.; Double-fronted, 63s.; Mealy, 50s.; Yellow-fronted, 34s. ; Cactus Conure, tame, 21s. Large stock of other high-class, rare Parrakeets, Finches, Insectivorous Birds, ete.—John Frostick, 50, Boundaries Road, Balham, S.W. FOR SALE. Finest strain, magnificent Bandmasters, 10s., cage and carriage free—Miss Jackson, Cowhill, Rutland Street, Harrogate, Yorks. ‘FOR SALE: Exhibition Norwich Canaries, at reasonable prices, from 10s. a pair—Mrs. M. Scholes, Woodcote, Ottery St. Mary. FOR SALE: Unique Hybrid Mexican Rosefinch X Canary, shows par- entage clearly, finely marked cock, excellent songster, out-doors, 10s.—Tomlinson, Inveresk, Midlothian. WANTED: Uncommon Doves, such as Partridge Bronze-wing, Dwarf, Ruddy-Turtle, Vinaceous Turtle, Mountain Witch, Indian or Aus- tralian Green-winged, etc.—Findeisen, Hallow Dene, Torquay. ~ AVIARIES AND BIRD FOODS: Aviaries Planned and their erection and furnishing supervised at reasonable charges. Aviaries visited and expert advice given, Existing aviaries overhauled, re-arranged, and re-furnished. Supervision of aviaries undertaken py monthly, bi-monthly, or quarterly visits, at terms to be mutually agreed apon. In response to numerous requests I am willing to supply all kinds of Bird Seeds and Foods from my own stock. Also special mixtures for Parrots, Parrakeets, etec., at current rates: INSECT- ILE MIXTURE, 1s., 1s. 6d., 2s., and 2s. 6d. per 1b. NEST BARRELS, for Parrakeets, Lovebirds, etc., specially made for the purpose, in three sizes—small, medium, and large. These barrels, especially the large size, if fitted with a perch or twigy branch) make excellent shelters for birds of the Finch-tribe during inclement weather. Also Rush Nests for Waxbills, and small Finches.— Apply, W. T. Page, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. 39 TO APPEAR MAY Ist. ~ SPECIES ‘have: Reared Young _ } and HYBRIDS ‘ke Been Bred in Captivity in Great Britain. ¥ BY a WESLEY T. PAGE, F.Z.S., M.B.N.HLS., 5 Systematically arranged according to Dr. Gadow’s Classification slightly revised. ILLUSTRATED. INSERLEAVED. = IN CLOTH. MEDIUM 8vo. a 2s. 6d., Net. By Post 2s. 9d. an © ae ; J. H. Hensrocx, THe Avian Press,’ ASHBOURNE. “ RUGUST FOCKELMANN, _ IMPORTER AND DEALER OF RARE BIRDS, etc. Speciality: RARE SOFT-SILLED BIRDS. HAMBURG-GROSSBORSTEL —_- o¢—— “Mexican Tree Quails; Chukar Partridges; White Peacocks; Dem- ? ve ciselle Cranes; Crowned Cranes; White Swans; Black Swans; ~ Black-necked Swans; Bewick’s Swans; Canadian Geese; Brent Geese: Hand-reared and pinioned Fulvous Tree Ducks; fa- “ee hama Ducks; Carolina Ducks; Mandarin Ducks; White-eyed ; Ducks; Rosy-billed Ducks; Whistling Red-headed Pochards; Ruddy Sheldrakes; Blue-winged Teals (Nettiwm torquatum)- Red-shouldered Jeals; Chilian Teals; Chilian Pirtails; Chiliaz Wigeons. PRIAK-LIST FREE ON APPLICATION. Bs ALS THE RECOGNISED CLUB SHOW CAGE MAKER. | Norwich, Yorkshire, and Cinnamon Club Show Cages, all 4s. each, 3 for 5s. 6d.; ‘Border, Crest, Lancashire, Lizard, and Belgian Show Cages, and Bow-fronted Crest Show Cages, 3s. each. STANDARD BRITISH SHOW CAGES. Detachable Bow Fronts, Club Colour and Perches. f Size suitable for Redpolls, Siskins, or Twites, 2s. 9d. each; size suitable for Linnets, Goldfinches, Bulifinches, and Greenfinches, 3s.; size Suitable for ‘Buntings, Chaffinches, and Bramblefinehes, 3s. 3d.; size suitable for Wrens "and the Smaller Warblers, 4s. 6d. Size suitable for Nightingales, Blackcaps, etc., 5s. 6d.; size suitable for Thrush, Blackbird, or Starling, 6s. 6d. Mule. or Hybrid Show Cages 2s. 3d., and 28. 9d. each. Special Show Cages suitable for any variety of British or Foreign Birds, Made to Order. ~Kindly state wants. FOREIGN BIRD SHOW CAGES. Size 1, suitable for Small Foreign Birds, not larger than Gouldian Finches. Price, 4s. 6d. each. Size 2, suitable for Superb Tanagers or Birds of a’ similar size.\ Price, 5s. 6d. each. | Size 3, suitable for Shamas, or Birds of a similar size, Price, 7s. 6d. each. Size 4, suitable for Peruvian, Viga, and Blue-headed Jays, or Birds of a similar size, Price, 10s. 6d. each. Foreign Bird Fanciers Please Note:—We can make Show or Stock Cages suitable for any kind of Foreign Birds if you will kindly write andletus know what you require. We will gladly quo e you price. WOOD TRAVELLING CASE. With Leather Handles-and Pa tent Fasteners. Made light, neat and strong. The following sizes always in stock: To hold 2 Show Cages | 5s. each; to hold 3 Show Cages 6s, each; to hold. 4 Show Cages 7s. each; to hold 6 Show Cages 8s. each. \ Special sizes made to order, CAGE-BIRD EXHIBITION BASKETS. Made of Buflwillow, Varnishea and Lined ready for use. Light, neat and. strong. The following sizes always in stock: To hold 2 Cages 5s. 6d. “each; to hold 3 Cages 7s. each; te hold 4 cages 9s. each; to hold 6 Cages i2s. 6d. each. Special sizes made to order. . ZINC SHOW CAGE DRINKERS WITH HINGED’ EFIAP. Prevents birds washing in drinkers, a boon to exhibitors, price 1s. 6d... doz.; by post ist 9d. MAGNET BIRD SOAP. Specially prepared for washing Birds, Magnet Bird Soap produces that most brilliant gioss and finish so much desired in all show specimens. Price 74d. box post fee, with coupons - .for special prizes. Camel Hair Washing Brushes 1s. each. WALSH’S LATEST IMPROVED BIRD SPRAYER. This is a Nickel-Silver Sprayer worked with rubber pipe and ball, to fit in ordinary bottle. No blowing required. You can spray the mosi timid bird with this sprayer without frightening it. A> boon to Exhibitors. Price 2s. post free. For everything connected with the Cage Bird Fancy see our new 100-page catalogue, post free on application. WALSH, Bird Food Specialist, BLACKBURN. Telephone 947, MAY, 1914. The Foreign Bird Club. Notices to Members. Tuy Cxiun Dinner: This will take place at the Holborn Ditectaurant, on Thursday, May 21st, at 6:30 for 6-45 p.m. prompt (Dinner 4s., morning dress). It is hoped that all who possibly can ', will attend so that the function may be even more successful than the; - last. There will be an informal Conference after the Dinner, on vari- 4 ‘ous avicultural topics. Will those- who have not already notified Mr. 4 W. T. Rogers, 21, Priory Villas, New Road, Brentwood, Essex, Biges _ do so at once, as this will et organisation. i. Tur IntustRaTioN Funp: There is much need of help to this _ fund if we are to maintain the present copious illustration of our _ Journal, and to avail ourselves to the full of poeragne nhs and draw-| "I ings which are sent in. ‘ Cory: This is much needed on all branches of aviculture if we ate to maintain varied and comprehensive issues. Articles on Game . ‘Birds, Waterfowl and Psittaci specially solicited. ; ig WESLEY T. PAGE, Hon. Editor. S. WILLIAMS, Hon. Bus. Séc. and Treas. Post Mortem Weports, Vide Rules (See Page iii of Cover.) 4 es RED-HRADED GouLpIAN Fincu. (o'). (Geo. Scott Freeland, be eet edge). Cause of death, pneumonia. 5 4 BuuE PARRAKEET (Cc). (Miss Drummond, Perthshire). Cause _ of death, aspergillosis of lungs, which contained caseous or cheesy masses, ntermingled with spores of aspergillus fumigatus. In future, try. in such cases, 5 grains of iodide of potassium in drinking water. ORANGE- -CHERKED WAXBILL (O’).°(J. Smith, Kendal). Cause er faa gies (o’). (Miss M. Maxwell Jackson, Harrogate). B Cause of death, pneumonia. When you find birds puffy and breathing ey, Bier by bat ts E. F, Chawuer® Miss Margaret’ Powell. H. GRAY, M.R.C.VS. 42 ~ Illustration and Deficit Funds. The Committee acknowledge with best thanks the following do- nations : pa te a Allan, ‘Jo W...c0 Ae Bainbridge, (Masi <0) 245i. etapiaayenk wee eaattne, » Palas ee nS Horsbrugh, Major B. eee Sb.) ins eae Oe OR) Komyakoff, Alex ....... Flo Ee. Tae en sate te ne ee a Pennant, Lady Edith D. ONO eo Perreau, -Major...G 27 Aviacsa. siete, evo is Guna een Pilkington;, Lady Kathleen. 2.0). 20. + casts cseeeee Om ORO Scott, Dr... and, Mirs) Ji) Haston os vre 4 ciselle Cranes; Crowned Cranes; White Swans; Black Swans; Black-necked Swans; Bewick’s Swans; Canadian Geese; Brent Geese; Hand-reared and pinioned Fulvous Tree Ducks; Ba- hama Ducks; Carolina Ducks; Mandarin Ducks; White-eyed Ducks; Rosy-billed. Ducks; Whistling Red-headed Pochards; i. Ruddy Sheldrakes; Blue-winged Teals (Nettium torquatum) ; __ Red-shouldered Teals; Chilian Teals; Chilian Pintails; Chilian _- Wigeons. --—s«é PRI@R-LIST FREE ON APPLICATION. toy Walsh for Prowpt and Reliahle Dealngs Giant Spanish Canary Seed 14 lbs. 5s., 112 lbs. 38s. Genuine Turkish Canary Seed, 14 Ibs. 3/9, 112 28/- Dutch Hemp Seed, 23d. Ib., 14 lbs. 2/6. German Rape Seed, 33d. lb., 14 Ibs. 3/6. Cole Soe, 33d. Ib., 14 Ibs. 3/6. Linseed, 33d. 14 lbs. 3/6. Sess White Millet, 33d. lb., 14 lbs. 3/6. Real Indian Millet, 34d. Ib.-14 Ibs, 3/6. . Sunflower Seed, 33d., 14 lbs. Striped 3/6 Safflower Seed, 33d. lb. 14 lbs. 3/6. Pumpkin Seed, 34d. lb., 14 Ibs. 3/6. Maw Seed, 6d. lb., 7 Ibs. 3/- Condition Seed, 5d. lb., 7 Ibs. 2/6. eh of Pleasure Seed, 4d. lb., 7 Ibs. 9). WALSH’S RELIABLE FOODS. Ants’ Eggs, 2/6 lb., 3 lbs. 7s. Dried Flies, 2/6 lb., 3 lbs. 7/- Pure Yolk of Egg, 2/6 lb., 3 lbs. 7s. Crissel, 4d. lb., 7 lbs. 2/- Carrot Meal, 10d. lb., 7 lbs. 5/- Insectivorous Food, 1/9, lb., 3 lbs. 4s" Egg Bread, 1/6 lb., 3 Ibs., 4s. Cuttlefish Bone, 1s. lb., 3 lbs. 2/6. Lark Food, 6d. lb, 7 lbs. 3/- Thrush Food, 6d lb., 7 lbs. 3/- Mealworms, 1,300, 2/-, 5/-. Ib. Boxes. 63 lbs, 24s. Live White Gentles, 1,000 7d., Tin containing 14 Ibs., 2/6. Perfection Bird Grit,i14-Ibs. 1/-, 28 Ibs., 1/9, 56 Ibs, 3/-, 112 Ibs., 5/6: RUSH NESTS. Ready Wired; complete for hanging wp.’ he most suitable Nest for Foreign Finches. SMALL SIZE: 6d. each; 5s. per dozen. MEDIUM SIZE: 9d. each ; HUSK NESTS. Ready Wired, complete for hanging up. each; 5s. per dozen; Large Size, for Cockatiels, etc., 6d. Small Size, for Budgerigars, Yd. each; 8s. per dozen. 8s. per doz. LARGE SIZE: 1s. each; 10s. 6d. per doz. Walsh’s Specially De- signed Nesting Boxes for Parrakeets, etc., Budgerigars. SMALL SIZE, suitable for Budgerigars, Lovebirds, etc. ls. each; 10s. 6d. per doz. LARGE ‘SIZE, suitable for Cockatiels, and all the Par- rakeet tribe, 2s. each; 21s. per dozen. For everything connected with the Cage Bird Fancy see our new 100-page catalogue, post free on application. WALSH, Bird Food Specialist, BLACKBURN. Tel. 947 JULY, 1914. Notices to Members. “Tae Macazine: Bird Notes appears in a new dress this month, “Fake e., in a cover more typical of its character. The Editor thanks the -_ members for their generous response with copy, etc., but the ery is still for more—we want accounts of your breeding successes for this season, _ and there are many other aviary episodes, not exactly coming under the heading of successes, which would ‘be of great interest if. detailed accounts - of such were sent in. The Honorary Editor solicits same and will use them as opportunity offers; it will enable us to keep contents of our _ Journal varied and practical. “Tun Inpusrrarion Funp: The capacious maw of this fund ~ is never satisfied—more is always wanted if this intensely interesting and practical feature of our Journal is to be kept going as at present. We ask your co-operation. ‘ - ; OveErsicut: A few members are reminded that their subscriptions for current year’ are still unpaid. The Honorary Treasurer will be _ glad to. receive same. _ SIDNEY WILLIAMS, Hon. Bus. See. and Treas: ~ WESLEY T. PAGE, F.Z.S.; Hon. Editor. + Post Mortem Reports. The conditions upon which these will be made by Mr. Hy. ‘s _ Guay, M.R.C.V. sh 23, Upper Phillimore Place, Kensington, W., are (1) The birds must be sent immediately after death. (2) They must be packed im a box. (3) The letter accompanying them must Nov be Re in the ‘box along with the bird. (N.B.—Unless the above conditions are complied with the ae ages wil. ae destroyed without examination). 1 ¢ aye se 56 (4) The letter must detail as far as possible all particulars as to— (a) Date of death. (6) Length of illness. (d) Symptoms of illness. (d) Lodgment and feeding of birds, and — (e) Especially as to whether egg food or inga seed has been given. (5) The work will be done gratuitously, and a report pub- lished in ‘‘ Bird Notes,” but wnder no circwmstances what- ever will a report be sent by post unless a fee of 2s. 6d. accompanies the letter and bird. Pressure of work com- pels. Mr. Gray to make this an invariable rule, and it applies to all Members, whether they are personally ac- quainted with him or not. —_@——_ i BLUE BunTiInG and Hen Canary. (Mrs. E. Travis), Stour- bridge Both these birds died from coccidiosis, due to a well known plotozoal parasite named Eimcria avium or tenella. In the Canary the parasite had set up acute haemorrhagic enteritis. This is a common cause of death of Canaries, Chickens, and young Turkeys, Pheasants, Ducklings, Partridges, Grouse, and other gallinaceous birds, as well as other species kept in confinement or allowed their freedom. This disease, which is very contagious, was first studied and described by the distinguished Italian veterinary pathologist Rivolta some forty years ago. Some authorities in this country seem to think it is-a newly discovered disease. Give your birds 1 drachm of tincture of kino te one gallon of drinking water, daily for about a fortnight. aad then 20 grains of citrate of ammoniated iron in a gallon of water for about another fortnight. For a fuller account of it refer to Hoare’s “System of Veterinary Medicine,” Vol. I. AprRIcAN Grey Parrot. (B. Hollins), Harrogate. The cause of death was acute catarrhal pneumonia, which is far from rare in birds after a journey. Cockatret (Q). .(F. W. Bull), Sutton, Surrey. Cause of death cascous pneumonia set up by the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Nonpareit Buntina (QO). (G. E. Haggie), Oxford. Cause of death, pneumonia. This is frequently seen after a journey and offen runs a rapid course. The sharp breast-bone is, however, an indication that the bird had been suffering several days. DouBLE-COLLARED SUNBIRD (C'). (J. L. Grossmith), Bickley, Kent. The bird no doubt suffered from convulsions which are not rare in such birds. No post mortem lesions were discoverable, mgt ee Bh Bei hi ay HALF-Moon Conur®. (Baronne Le Clément de Taintegines, Cleva- _ land, Minehead). The cock *(not hen), died from pneumonia. Port ADELAIDE PARRAKEET, (Miss Drummond, Errol, N.B.). fiosise of death, catarrhal enteritis; no doubt it was present when the bird reached you. :. / — Goup-rrontep Fincr (o'). (Miss E. F. Chawner),’ Forest _ Bank, Lyndhurst, Hants. Cause of death, pneumonia, no doubt dune to change of surroundings, or rather climatic conditions, ‘ 4 BLUE-WINGED LovEBIRD (¢'). (Mrs. Alison Barnaby), Bit- . Bi i myerne. Hants. Cause of death, haemorrhage into the lung. VioLET TANAGER (0'). (Geo. Scott-Freeland), Tonbridge, Kent. _ Righ* lung entirely caseous, set, up by the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Answered by Post —J. H. Anderson; L. G. Pike. Hy GRAY, M.B.C.V.8. —_-9------ Illustration and Deficit Funds. The Committee acknowledge with many thanks the following donations :— ~ Ee Uk aes Anonymous Bis er eigR RRNA ed ORE MBIA, ors ee tae UO lan i ial Baily, VARS 5 GN CMe AAI TN Ste RRR SS ‘eee Oia Oss 6 Constable, A. J. (over- said’ Sete ti Aaa HO. 6 ; aa Crisp, R. L. (over-paid subscription) ......... 0 0 6 Cushney, Chas. ORO LO Gerard, Miss M. play) lance dale 3 Henderson, Mrs. TY ae eee o oe oe a OME & 0 | ne Oy hon" G Perreau, Major G. A. .. Sd Changes and Corrections of Address. _ K. Appleby ; to Springfield, Egerton Road, Lahore, Punjab, India. _ Mrs. Warren-Vernon ; to Arrochar House, Arrochar, Dumbartonshire. ——_—_¢q——_ . New Members Elected. Vincent Such, Cremyll, North Avenue, Ealing, London, W. ak Chamberlain, The Aviary, 20 Perkin Street, Port Elizabeth, Cape _- Provence, South Africa. rn Mise M. Gerrard, 15, Via Perasto, Lido, Venice, Italy 58 Proposed for Election as Members. Miss Audrey Charlesworth; Marnhull Rectory, Sturminster Newton,, Dorset. - By Rev. R. HE. P. Gorringe. C. F.. Leach; Vale Lodge, Leatherhead. By the Hon. Editor. Mrs. Drummond-Chaplin; Marienhof, Johannesberg, South Africa. By the Hon. Mrs. G. Bourke. Mrg. Murray-Smith ; 40 Queen Anne’s Gate, London, S.W. . By Dr. N. Lueas. Miss Clara Bowring; The Holly House, Broadway, Worcestershire. | By S. Williams. Mr. Minchin; The Zoo, Adelaide, Australia. By W.A. Bainbridge. ———_o—_—_—— The Bird Market. Advertisements must be prepaid and reach the Editorial Secretary by the 10th of the month. Charge: Members’ advertisements, four words a ‘penny, minimum , 4d. Non-Members, three words a penny, minimum 6d. COLOURED PLATES: All the plates that have been issued up to the present, can be obtained uncut for framing at 1/- each, with the excep- tion of “A Beautiful Aviary” which is 1/6. Apply to The Pusiisuur, Market Place, Ashbourne a MEMBERS’ SALES AND WANTS. FOR SALE. Finest Strains, Magnificent Bandmasters, 10s., cages and carriage free —Miss Jackson, Cowhill, Rutland Road, Harrogate, Yorks. FOR SALE: All privately imported, Ashy-headed Sparrow, Syleke’s Weaver, Large-billed Baya Weaver, Calandra Lark—a single pair of each. Odd Cocks: Jackson’s Whydah, Speke’s Weaver, Hair- crested Bunting and Baya Weaver. Hens: Jungle, Bush, and. Button Quail—W. T. Page, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. : FOR SALE: Exhibition Norwich, at reasonable prices, from 10s. pair. —Mrs. M. Scholes, Woodcote, Ottery St. Mary. FOR SALE: Pair of Australian Musky Lorikeets in perfect health and feather. Hen Crimson-wing Parrakeet; pair Bauer’s -Parra- keets; also Black-headed Gouldians, cocks only.—R. Colton, 9, Birkendale Road, Sheffield. i FOR SALE. Diamond Doves, 25s.; Necklace Doves 20s., Zebra Doves ' 10s., Black-cheeked Lovebirds 35s.; all per pair. Rosella and Alexandrine Parrakeets 20s. each. All bred here this summer.— Wm. Shore Bailey, Boyers House, Westbury, Wilts, a a cocks. Avicry-moulted twice, Short-winged Weavers, Ss. 6d.; Crim- . - son-crowned 8s. 6d. ; Red-shouldered Whydah 26s. ; Patalive Why- dah, 5s., showing PEE ; one Norwich, and two Yorkshire Canary hens, 6s. the three.—Hon. Secretray, Holland Lodge Edmonton, London. FOR SALE. Orange-flanked Parrakeets, perfect pair, out-doors year, finger tame, 60s.; pair White- -winged Parrakeets 50s.; Pair Petz’s Conures 35s.; Pair Cactus Conures 25s.; Pair Half-moon Parra- keets' 20s.; All-green Parrakeets 16s. pair; Cock Blue-crowned Conure, 15s.; Bank Mish, 10s.—Dawson-Smith, Nash Rectory, ny. Stratford. - “FOR SALE. Pair of Pure Japanese Pheasants (versicolor). WANTED: % guaranteed cock Black-cheeked Lovebird; hens, Quail Finch and ‘Cordon Bleu; also one cock and three hen Gouldian’ Finches .~- Reeve, Leadenham, Lincoln. WINE-COLOUERD Waxbill (Lagonosticta aenochroa) new to avicalture 50s.; Australian Finches, pairs, guaranteed acclimatised ; Goul- dians 50s.; Chestnut-breasted, Yellow- eres Long-tailed 40s. ; Masked, Parson, 35s.; Zebra, 10s. 6d.; Rufous-tailed cock, Pec- - toral hen 20s. each ; Fire-finches (cage- ieiilgad 12s. 6d. 5 Para- dise Whydahs, 10s. 6d.; Napoleon, Orange Weavers, 7s. 6d. ‘each ; Hooded Siskin, Virginia Cardinal, finest specimens living, 30s. each; Dhyal Birds, Chinese variety, largest and best, 45s. each ; Indian Shama, 45s.; Yucaton Blue and Black Jay, very rare, £5; White Blackbird £5; Yellow-winged Sugarbird, gem, +0s. ; Australian King Parrakeet, full colour £10; Red-sided felectus cock £6. Ceram Eclectus hen £6; Crimson Lory, winner, 70s. ; Indian Ring-necked “Parrakeet, hand-reared, talker, 70s.; Plum- headed Parrakeet, scarce, 50s.; Aztec Conure, rare, tame, talks, 21s.; Budgerigars, show birds, from 10s. 6d.; ordinary 5s. 6d. - pair. Double-fronted Amazon 70s.; Hand-reared Jenny Wrens SOs Long-tailed Tits, 12s. 6d. each; Blue-throated Warbler 25s. ; Nightingale 30s.; the champion Dartford Warbler ‘Perfection,’ ‘£10 10s. ; Special Insectivorous Birds’ Food 1s. 10d. lb. free.—. John Frostick, 50, Boundaries Road, Balham. _ FOR SALE: Malachite, and Lesser Double-collared Sunbirds £6. 6s. per ; pair, New Holland White-beard, and White-cheeked Honey-vaters, £7 7s. per pair; Lunulated, and White-plumed Honeyeaters, 50s. each. Pair Young Pennant’s Parrakeets £4. Diamond Sparrows _ 25s. pair; St. Helena Waxbills 7s. 6d. pair; Cock Yellow-wing : - Sugarbird, Ist prize winner, acclimatised, 50s. All personally brought over by advertiser. WANTED: Cocks, Pelzeln’s Saifron _ Finch, Indian Silverbill, and Cherry Finch.—Bainbridge, Hazel- _ wood, Thorpe, Surrey, _- + > 60 WANTED: Young cock Nonpareil Bunting —The Hon. Lilla de Yar- burgh-Bateson, Heslington, York. AVIARIES AND BIRD FOODS: Aviaries Planned and their erection and furnishing supervised at reasonable charges. Aviaries visited and’ expert advice given. Existing aviaries overhauled, re-arranged, and re-furnished. Supervision of aviaries undertaken by monthly, bi-monthly, or quarterly visits, at terms to be mutually agreed upon. In response to numerous requests I am willing to supply all kinds of Bird Seeds and Foods from my own stock. Also special mixtures for Parrots, Parrakeets, etc., at current rates: INSECT- ILE MIXTURE, 1s., 1s. 6d., 2s., and 2s. 6d. per Ib: NEST BARRELS, for Parrakeets, Lovebirds, ete., specially made for the purpose, in three sizes—small, medium and large. These barrels, especially the large size, if fitted with a perch or twigy branch, make excellent shelters for birds of the Finch-tribe during inclement weather. Also Rush Nests for Waxbills, and small Finches.— Apply, W. T. Page, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. was ; 61 yy JUST PUBLISHED. SPECIES ys Reared Youn * and e HYBRIDS ‘2 Been Bred : : in Captivity in Great Britain. BY WIEGUEY)< 9.5. PAGE. PZ.5.,': M:B.N-EHS., Systematically arranged according to Dr. Gadow’s Classification slightly revised. ILLUSTRATED. INTERLEAVED. IN CLOTH. MEDIUM 8vo. a 2s. 6d., Net. By. Post 2s. 9d. ae O J. H. Hensrockx, “THt Avian Press,” ASHBCURNE. RUGUST FOCKELMANN, — IMPORTER AND DEALER OF RARE BIRDS, ete. Speciality: RARE SOFT-BILLED BIRDS. HAMBURG-GROSSBORSTEL ——_o@—— _ Mexican Tree Quails; Chukar Partridges; White Peacocks; Dem- ciselle Cranes; Crowned Cranes; White Swans; Black Swans; Black-necked “Swans; Bewick’s Swans; Canadian Geese: Brent Geese; Hand-reared and pinioned Fulvous Tree Ducks ; Ba- hama Ducks; Carolina Ducks; Mandarin Ducks; White-eyed Ducks; Rosy-billed Ducks; Whistling Red-headed Pochards; Ruddy Sheldrakes ; Blue-winged Teals (Nettiwm torquatum); Red-shouldered Teals; Chilian Teals; Chilian Pinrtails; Chiliaz Wigeons. PRI@K-LIST, FREE ON APPLICATION, Try Walsh for Proupt Giant Spanish Canary Seed 14 lbs. 5s., 112 lbs, 38s. Genuine Turkish Canary Seed, 14 lbs. 3/9, 112 28)- Dutch Hemp Seed, 23d. lb, 14 Ibs. 2/6. German Rape Seed, 33d. lb., 14 lbs. 316 6. Cole Seed, 34d. lb., 14 Ibs. 3/6. Linseed, 3$d. 14 Ibs. 3/6. Italian White Millet, 34d. Ib., 14 Ibs. 316. 4 ad Reliable Dealings Real Indian Millet, 34d. lb. 14 lbs. 3/6 White Black | suntlomer Seed, 84d., 14 lbs. Striped 3/6 Safflower Seed, 33d. Ib. 14 lbs. 3/6. Pumpkin Seed, 33d. lb., 14 lbs. 3/6. Maw Seed, 6d. lb., 7 lbs. 3+ Condition Seed, 5d. lb.. 7 Ibs. 2/6. ee of Pleasure Seed, 4d. lb., 7 lbs. 2). WALSH’S RELIABLE FOODS. Ants’ Eggs, 2/6 Ib., 3 lbs. 7s. Dried Flies, 2/6 lb., 3 lbs. 7/- Pure Yolk of Egg, 2/6 lb., 3 lbs. 7s. Crissel, 4d. lb., 7 lbs. 2/- Carrot Meal, 10d. Ib., 7 Ibs. 5/- TInsectivorous Food, 18, lb., 3 lbs. 4s Kee Bread, 1/6 lb., 3 lbs., 4s. Cuttlefish Bone, 1s. lb., 3 lbs. 2/6, Lark Food, 6d. lb, 7 lbs. 3/- Thrush Food, 6d Ib., 7 lbs. 3/- Mealworms, 1,300, 2/-, 5/-. Ib. Boxes. 64 lbs, 24s. Live White Gentles, 1,000 7d., Tin containing 14 Ibs., 2/6. Perfection Bird Grit, 14-Ibs. 1]-, 28 lbs., 1/9, 56 Ibs. 3/-, 112 Tbs., 5/6. YZ fj RUSH NESTS. Ready Wired ; complete for hanging up. The. most suitable Nest for Foreign Finches. per MEDIUM SIZE: 9d. each; 8s. per doz. LARGE SIZE: 1s. each; 10s. 6d. per doz. SMALL SIZE: 6d. each; 5s. HUSK NESTS. Ready Wired, complete for hanging up. Small Size, for: Budgerigars, 6d. each ; Des per dozen; Large Size, for Cockatiels, etc., 9d. each; 8s. per dozen. Walsh’s Specially De- signed Nesting Boxes for Parrakeets, etc., Budgerigars. ’ SMALL SIZE, suitable for Budgerigars, Lovebirds, etc. 1s: each; 10s. 6d. per doz. LARGE SIZE, suitable for Cockatiels, and all the Par- rakeet tribe, 2s. each; 21s. per dozen. dozen. For everything connected with the Cage Bird Famcy see our new 100-page catalogue, post free on application. WALSH, Bird Food Specialist, BLACKBURN. ‘el. 947 _AUGUST, 1914. ‘The Foreign Bird Club. Notices to Members. IntustRaTion Funp: At this juncture, having reached No. & of the present volume, the Editor again asks that all who have not yet contributed will send something—he feels sure that a glance, through _ the eight parts already issued will convince all that the illustrations are _ worth the extra cost, moreover, there is another reason why all should _ help, viz., though this issue is only to part 8, we have practically _--‘reachet the number of pages that usually comprise the volume. The Hon. Treasurer, Mr. S. Williams, will thankfully acknowledge the smallest contribution. If all take a part the burden will not fall heavy upon any and we shall have a Journal that will command success, pad add to the prestige and influence of the Club. $ Cius Meertines: In the present unsettled state of affairs we _ feel tha. these functions had better be discontinued, but informally the Hon. Editor will be at the Zoo on Wednesdays, August 26th, and September 23rd, and will be pleased to meet any members and officers who can be present. Rendezvous: Small Birds’ House, at 11-39 a.m. and 2-3C p.m., on each date. He will also be pleased to meet any of the members visiting London at the Zoo, whenever his convenience permits, if a few days’ notice be given. New Memspers: Again our progress has been good, but_it might be much more rapid, if each member would make the Club and its Journal known to all interested in birds. We press this matter upon all, and that is you, soliciting your co-operation in increasing the roll. SIDNEY WILLIAMS, Hon. Sec. and Treas. WESLEY T. PAGE, Hon. Editor. A ——+¢ Illustration and Deficit Funds. The Committee thankfully acknowledge the following donations - | diay Seas Fisher-Rowe, H. M. Meson chaear dear Jord hee nad te tO} ar UrMpeet Wins tcnsit doa Masia layed de evclere sreceeel Oh ae IO ——¢ Changes and Corrections of Address. _ P. Arnott; to Grant Street, Alloa. as Miss A. Bruce; to Chevet Park, Wakefield. fell HH. L. Sich; to Corney House, Burlington Lane, Chiswick, Tondon, W. _ Hon. Cynthia Bampfylde, to Whitechapel Manor, South Molton, N. 7 Devon. 64 New Members Elected. Miss Audrey Charlesworth; Marnhull Rectory, Sturminster Newton,, Dorset. re C. F. Leach; Vale Lodge, Leatherhead. ; Mrs. Deniawiand. -Chaplin ; Marienhof, Johannesberg, South Africa. Mrs. Murray-Smith ; 40 Queen Anne’s Gate, London, S.W. Miss Clara Bowtie: The Holly House, Broadway, Worcestershire. Mr. Minchin; The Zoo, Adelaide, Australia. Proposed for Election as Members. F. Bowerman; 12 Wellington Street, Swindon. By J. Yealland. 4 fie ae Sina tea The Bird Market. Advertisements must be prepaid and reach the Editorial Secretary by the 10th of the month. Charge: Members’ advertisements, four words a penny, gee 4d. Non-Members, three words a penny, minimum 6d. COLOURED PLATES: All the plates that have been issued up to the present, can be obtained uncut for framing at 1/- each, with the excep- tion of ‘A Beautiful Aviary” which is 1/6. Apply to The PusiisHer, Market Place, Ashbourne MEMBERS’ SALES AND WANTS. FOR SALE: Finest Strains, Magnificent Bandmasters, 10s., cages and carriage free—Miss Jackson, Cowhill, Rutland Road, Harrogate, Yorks. FOR SALE: All privately imported, Ashy-headed Sparrow, Speke’s Weaver, Purple Sunbirds, Calandra Lark—a single pair of each. Odd Cocks: Jackson’s Whydah, Speke’s Weaver, and Purple Sunbird. Hens: Jungle Bush and Button Quail—W. T. Page, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. FOR SALE: Exhibition Norwich, at reasonable prices, from 10s. pair. —Mrs. M. Scholes, Woodcote, Ottery St. Mary. — FOR SALE: Pair of acclimatised Macao Amazons, been together for ten years and must never be separated, can be seen by appoint- ment, Suitable for aviary. £10 10s., including cage. . No dealers.—Miss Pithie, 68, Clarendon-road, Southsea, Portsmouth. FOR SALE. Hen Stanley Parrakeet, in good condition, two years in unheated out-door aviary, £4.—G. B. Wright, Church Hill, Robert Road, Handsworth, Birmingham. ; FOR SALE: 3 strong young Gouldian Finches from Red cock and Black hen, 15s. each; 5 young Long-tailed Grassfinches 10s. each. Al! bred and reared in open air.—B. Thomasset, Ashmansworth, Newbury. 65 FOR SALE: Fine pair Black and White Grackles, from M. Pauvvels’ collection, 50s.; equally good pair Variegated’ Laughing-Thrushes, 50s., .Pairs: Diamond Doves 25s.; Necklace Doves 15s. Cocks: Abyssinian, and Black Weavers, show condition, 10s. each. Hens: Diuca Finch and Cape Sparrows, 7s. 6d. each. Young Alexandrine Parrot, both parents talkers, 20s—Wm. Shore Baily, Boyers House, Westbury, Wilts. FOR SALE: Hen Dhyal Bird, acclimatised, 45s., or near offer.—lMiss E. Lucas, Bramblehurst, East Grinstead, Sussex. ; FOR SALE: Cuban and Pileated Finches, Gold-breasted Waxbills, Sene- gal Parrot, four Peach-faced Lovebirds, cock Pekin Robin. Or- ders taken for paintings of Birds, Dogs, and Horses, from life or photograph ; money wanted for War Fund.—Miss Olare, The Hol- lies, 194, Coombe Lane, Wimbledon. AVIARIES AND BIRD FOODS: Aviaries Planned and their erection and furnishing supervised at reasonable charges. Aviaries visited and expert advice given. Existing aviaries overhauled, re-arranged, and re-furnished. Supervision of aviaries undertaken by monthly, bi-monthly, or quarterly visits, at terms to be mutually agreed upon. In response to numerous requests I am willing to supply all kinds of Bird Seeds and Foods from my own stock. Also special mixtures for Parrots, Parrakeets, etc., at current rates: INSECT- ILE MIXTURE, 1s., 1s. 6d., 2s., and 2s. 6d. per lb.. NEST BARRELS, for Parrakeets, Lovebirds, etc., specially made for the purpose, in three sizes—small, medium and large. These barrels, especially the large size, if fitted with a perch or twigy branch, . make excellent shelters for birds of the Finch-tribe during inclement _ weather. Also Rush Nests for Waxbills, and small Finches. — Apply, W. T. Page, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. — ty Walsh for Prowgt Giant Spanish Canary Seed 14 lbs. 5s., 112 lbs. 38s. Genuine Turkish Canary Seed, 14 lbs. 3/9, 112 28]- Dutch Hemp Seed, 23d. lb., 14 lbs. 2/6. Soran Rape Seed, 33d. lb., 14 lbs. 6 Cole Seed, 33d. lb., 14 Ibs. 3/6. Linseed, 33d. 14 lbs. 3/6. aa White Millet, 34d. lb., 14 lbs. 3/6. ‘and Reliable Dealings, ae Indian Millet, 3$d. Ib. 14 lbs. 3/6 White ; Black Sunflower Seed. 34d., 14 lbs. Striped 3 {6 Safflower Seed, 33d. lb. 14 lbs. 3/6. Pumpkin Seed, 34d. Ib., 14 lbs. 3/6. Maw Seed, 6d. lb., 7 lbs. 3/- 4 Condition Seed, 5d. lb.. 7 Ibs. 2/6. ye) of Pleasure Seed, 4d. lb., 7 lbs. 2I- WALSH’S RELIABLE FOODS. Ants’ Eggs, 2/6 Ib., 3 lbs. 7s. Dried Flies, 2/6 lb., 3 lbs. 7/- Pure Yolk of Egg, 2/6 lb., 3 lbs. 7s. Crissel, 4d. Ib., 7 Ibs. 2/- ‘ Carrot Meal, 10d. Ib., 7 Ibs. 5/- Insectivorous Food, 1/9, lb., 3 lbs.4s. Egg Bread, 1/6 lb., 3 lbs., 4s. Cuttlefish Bone, 1s. lb., 3 lbs. 2/6. Lark Food, 6d. lb, 7 Ibs. 3/- Thrush Food, 6d lb., 7 lbs. 3/- Mealworms, 1,300, 2/-, 5/-. lb. Boxes. 63 lbs, 24s. Live White Gentles, 1,000 7d., Tin containing 1} lbs., 2/6. J ’ Perfection Bird Grit, 14 lbs. 1/-, 28 Ibs., 1/9, 56 Ibs. 3/-, 112 Ibs., 5/6. RUSH NESTS. Ready Wired ; complete for hanging up. The most suitable Nest for Foreign Finches. SMALL SIZE: 6d. each; 5s. per dozen. MEDIUM SIZE: 9d. each; 8s. LARGE SIZE: 1s. each; 10s. 6d. per doz. HUSK NESTS. Ready Wired, complete for hanging up. each; Os. per dozen; Large Size, for Cockatiels, etc., Small Size, for Budgerigars, 6d. Yd. each; 8s. per dozen. per doz. Walsh’s Specially De- signed Nesting Boxes. for Parrakeets, etc., Budgerigars. SMALL SIZE, suitable for Budgerigars, Lovebirds, etc. 1s. each; 10s. 6d. per doz. LARGE SIZE, suitable’ for Cockatiels, and all the Par- rakeet tribe, 2s. each; 21s. per dozen. Wh Qo 4, mM ~ For everything connected with the Cage Bird Fancy see our new 100-page catalogue, post free on application. WALSH, Bird Food Specialist, BLACKBURN. Tel. 947 SEPTEMBER, 1914. The Foreign Bird Club. Notices to Members. Tun MacazinE: In the current issue we are pleased to state that general articles have suppressed the Editorial Notes ; however, many of these will appear in October issue. The coloured plates are now delivered but did not come to hand in time for this issue. One of them _ ~—Parrot Finches—will appear with October issue. . Post Mortem Reports appear below—owing to the holiday season, these did not come to hand eS in time to appear in the Magazine, and have had to be placed at the last ‘moment in the inset. Tur War: We do not propose to enlarge upon this unhappy conflict, at this juncture: our members are to be found upon both sides ;. _ very many are bearing the brunt of this awful struggle, while others, we . 5 expect, have had their homes, etc., devastated in the conflict, e.g., Mons. ' Pauvvels and E. Godry; Le Comte de Ségur has lost a consignment of Humming Birds through inattention, consequent upon the excitement of _hearing of the war on arrival at Havre—but these are after all but insignificant episodes, though real enough to those concerned, in the general _ horror and devastation, that has so colossally befallen Europe ; however,. se is not the place to enlarge upon this harrowing picture. The Hon. _ Editor solicits the help of all, both as to copy for the Magazine, dona- _ tions to the Illustration Fund, and pDEFIciIT, etc., that we may quietly go forward till happier times supervene. CLtuB Mepauts: We think the following are entitled to medals _ for rearing the following species and hybrids for the first time in Great Britain . SPECIES :-— _ Cactus Conure (Conurus cactorwm), Dr. Lovell-Keays. _ All Green Parrakeet (Brotogerys tirica), Dr. Lovell-Keays. _ Dwarf Weaver (Sitagra luteola), W. Shore Baily. _ Sulphury Seed-eater (Serinus sulphuratus), W. Shore Baily. _ Sharp-tailed Finch (Uroloncha acuticauda), R. Suggitt. Lesser Grey-headed Guan (Ortalis vetula), R. Suggitt. Z _ HYyBrips :— ee Dri- Sivan Mannikin Bengalese, W. A. Bainbridge. Silverbill Bronze Mannikin, Mrs. M. Boyd. _ Greenfinch Sikhim Siskin, W. Shore Baily. _ Red-vented Red-eared Bulbul, Miss A. B. Smyth. _ Grey xX White-throated Finch, R. Suggitt. P Some of the accounts of the above successes have already ap- eared in the Club Journal, the remainder will appear in due course. _ After being considered by the Awards Committee, the medals awarded will be distributed at the end of the year. In the interim, if any 68 member knows of any previous instance of any of them having been already bred (according to medal rules), will they please send particu- lars to either of the undermentioned ? Cuus MereTines: The Hon. Editor will be at the Zoo on Wed- nesday, September 23rd, and will be pleased to meet any Member who can attend. Rendezvous, Small Birds’ House, at 11-30 a.m., and 2-30 p.m.; he regrets that wet weather prevailed on the last occasion. SIDNEY -WILLIAMS, Hon. Sec. and Treas. WESLEY T. PAGE, Hon. Editor. ——+ Post Mortem Reports. STANLEY PARRAKEET (0). (La Baronne Le Clement de ‘Tain- tegnies, Minehead). From the post mortem lesions I am of opinion that death followed convulsions. Hooprep Siskin. (Geo. Scott Freeland, Tonbridge). The heart and liver were affected with fatty degeneration. FIRE-TAILED FincH (0). (Chas. H. Row, Suffolk). The cause of death was pneumonia. GREEN AVADAVAT (o'). (W. A. Swayne, Dublin). The cause of death was pneumonia. Many RosELLA (o'). (J. L. Grosmith, Bickley). Evidently the bird died from heart failure following an attack of convulsions. Reb HIMALAYAN SUN-BIRD. (Geo. Scott Freeland, Tonbridge). The heart and liver were affected with fatty degeneration, probably result- ing from a previous disease. GOLD-BREASTED WAXBILL (0). (Frank Howe, Wellinborough ). The cause of death was pneumonia and enteritis. In future try two drops of Tincture of Kino in the drinking water. . GouLpIan Fincu (Q). (J. Goodchild, Clare). The bird suf- ferred from “gout.” Applying ointment to the feathers evidently hastened her end. ViotET TANAGER. (Geo. Scott Freeland). The cause of death was enteritis. : BLUE-HEADED Rock-TurRusH. (James Yealland, Binstead). The cause of death was enteritis of a chronic type. The sore feet were set up by its anemic condition. Answered by post :—William Bush. HENRY GRAY, M.R.C.V.S. Sept. 8, 1914. 4 Illustration and Deficit Funds. The Committee thankfully acknowledge the following donations : £ se. d. Debbi gis 's salheo'o olotan onto ide dine wrele) neateals le ieelnedctes aa Coma a amma 69 New Members Elected. F. iicectian : 12 Wellington Street, Swindon. ——» : Changes and Corrections of Address. =. T. N Wilson, to Harrow Lodge, Bransgore, Christchurch. ———— @—-—- The Bird Market. Advertisements must be prepaid and reach the Editorial Secretary by the 10th of : the month. Charge: Members’ advertisements, four words a penny, minimum 4d. Non-Members, three words a penny, minimum 6d. COLOURED PLATES: All the plates that have been issued up to the present, can be obtained uncut for framing at 1/- each, with the excep- tion of “A Beautiful Aviary” which is 1/6. ; Apply to The PusiisHer, Market Place, Ashbourne MEMBERS’ SALES AND WANTS. FOR SALE: Finest Strains, Magnificent Bandmasters, 10s., cages and carriage free ——Miss Jackson, Cowhill, Rutland Road, Harrogate, Yorks. FOR SALE: All privately imported, Swainson’s Sparrow, Purple Sun- birds, Calandra Lark—a single pair of each. Odd Cocks: Jackson’s -Whydah, Speke’s Weaver, and Purple Sunbird. Hens: Jungle _ Bush Quail—W. T. Page, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. 7 _ FOR SALE: Exhibition Norwich, at reasonable prices, from 10s. pair. —Mrs. M. Scholes, Woodcote, Ottery St. Mary. 4 a FOR SALE: Peach-faced Lovebirds, aviary bred, strong, healthy, young _ birds, 40s. each. WANTED: Hen Diamond Dove.—Hebb, Brook- lea, Downs, Luton, Beds. 1 pair Red-headed Finches (5 young in nest), 1 Hen do; 1 pair Gouldian Finches (building);.1 pair each, Waxbills, Cutthroats, and Weavers; 1 pair Zebra Finches (with 2 tyoung just on wing) ; + 1 pair Whydahs (cock in full plumage); 1 pair Silverbills (with 2 young on wing); 1 pair Bengalese (on eggs); 1 Green Singingfinch, mated to Canary (with 1 young hybrid). Odd birds: Orange _ Weaver, Madagascar Weaver, Nonpareil (cock). All the above are _ hardy, healthy birds, being out of doors and in perfect feather. _ The nearest offer to £10 will be accepted for the lot—Lady : See Great Bookham, Surrey. 70 WANTED: Hens, one of each, Gouldian Finches, Cordon Bleu, and Zebra Finch.—J. Goodchild, Clare. WANTED: “ Bird Notes,” Vol. I. (New Series), Nos. 5, 6, 7, 9 and 12.—Shipton, 71, Clondesdale Road, Balham, London, S.W. FOR SALE: Thoroughly acclimatised and mostly exquisite show con- dition. Yucatan Blue and Black Jay, £5; Indian Shama, d0s.; Chinese Dhyal Birds, 45s.; Yellow-winged Sugar-birds, 40s. ; Blue-throated Warbler, 30s.; Pekin Robin 10s. 6d.; Pairs: Gould- ian Finches, 50s.; Chestnut-breasted, Yellow-rumped, Long-tailed, 40s.; Masked, Parson, 35s.; Zebra, 10s. 6d.; Firefinches, 1ds. Single. Rufous-tailed, Pectoral, 20s.; Orange, Napoleon Weavers, %s. 6d.; Montezumé Quails, 35s. pair; Australian King Parra- rakeet £10; Red-sided Kclectus cock, £6;; Ceram WNelectus hen, — £6; Crimson Lory, 70s.; Indian Ring-neck, hand-reared, talker, 70Os.; Plum-headed Parrakeet, 50s.; Rosellas, 50s. pair: Aztec Conure, tame, talks, 21s.; Double-fronted Amazon, 70s.: Black-cheeked Lovebirds, 50s. pair; Budgerigars, 10s. 6d. pair. British birds: The champion Dartford Warbler “ Perfec- tion,” £10 10s.; White Blackbird, £5; Waxwing, 50s.; Nightin- gale, 40s.; Hand-reared Jenny Wrens, Longtailed Tits, 21s. each. Up-to-date show cages supplied extra.—John Frostick, 59 Boun- daries Road, Balham. FOR SALE: Pertect pair Cactus Conures, from outside aviary, 28s. ;. cock Mexican Rosefinch, 12s. 6d.—Exchange Foreign Birds.—B. Steed, 22 North Street, Sudbury, Suffolk. FOR SALE: Cock Peach-faced Lovebird, pair Rosellas, cock Aurora Finch, Pairs: Lavender Finches. Orders wanted for Paintings of Birds, Horses, Dogs, from photographs, proceeds for war fund. Miss Clare, The Hollies, 194, Coombe Lane, Wimbledon, S.W. AVIARIES AND BIRD FOODS: Aviaries Planned and their erection and furnishing supervised at reasonable charges. Aviaries visited and expert advice given. Existing aviaries overhauled, re-arranged, and re-furnished. Supervision of aviaries undertaken by monthly, bi-monthly, or quarterly visits, at terms “fo be mutually agreed upon. In response to numerous requests I am willing to supply all kinds of Bird Seeds and Foods from my own stock. Also special mixtures for Parrots, Parrakeets, etc., at current rates: INSECT- ILE MIXTURE, 1s., 1s. 6d., 2s., and 2s. 6d. per lb. NEST BARRELS, for Parrakeets, Lovebirds, ete., specially made for the purpose, in three sizes—small, medium and large. These barrels, especially the large size. if fitted with a perch or twigy branch, make excellent shelters for birds of the Finch-tribe during inclement weather. Also Rush Nests for Waxbills, and small Finches.— Apply, W. T. Page, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. aay eae OCTOBER, 1914. Notices to Members. ‘Tur MaAGazine: Again we are pleased to state that press of “copy has excluded Editorial and other notes; but the season’s nesting notes, etce., will be brought up to date in November issue. Ai the same time members must not conclude that we have too much copy! It is essential that there should always be a good supply of copy in hand, so that choice is always possible, and in the respective issues neither the purely avicultural, nor the purely ornithological unduly prevai!. Our coloured frontispiece this month is not of the usual type, but, we hope, : none the less practical and interesting. The accompanying notes are merely a cursory review of the genus Erythrura: the species known to B: aviculture will be dealt’ with in November and -following issues, and that _ the result may be a comprehensive one, the Hon. Editor solicits notes from those members who have kept any of the following species oy Common Parrot Finch (Hrythrura psittacea). ~Pintail Parrot Finch (E. prasina). Three-coloured Parrot Finch (EK. trichroa). Peale’s Parrot Finch (EH. pealii). He ne that- many will se sees and that not Rigiesc ee Bien species and largely kept, and we hope very many of our — bers. ‘including those of the Medical and Veterinary Drover staaey will 72 Wer Se 2 for the geed is the greater, and very soon, we fear, even with curtail- ment, cost of production will go up, therefore we feel assured that every? member who can will send something—such responses at the presént time will prove very gratifying and helpful to our Honorary Treasurer as this period is always a trying one, but more especially so, in the present, critical times. Enrction oF Counciu: The following (Dr. J. Easton Scott, Dr. Heitley, and W. T. Rogers) retire by seniority on December 31st next, but are eligible for re-election. Nomination of Candidates or Volunteers, must be sent in, so as to reach either of the undersigned, by October 31st, as in the case of an election, voting papers will be distributed with our next issue. : SIDNEY WILLIAMS, Hon. Sec. and Treas. WESLEY T. PAGE, Hon. Editor. Sa The Show Season. THE AUTUMN SHOW AT THE HORTICULTURAL HALL. The L.C.B.A. have pluckily decided to hold their Show as usual, and as all profits are to go to the British Red Cross Society, the committee hope that Members, whether Exhibitors or not will support this effort very strongly. ; The classification given, although not so extensive as was intended, is still very good-and equal to last years, 31 classes in all. Tf is to the exhibitor’s advantage that this large classification should be given, as it ensures fairer competition for certain birds, so it is hoped that - all members will send at least one entry, or,yif they cannot will support the Show by visiting it. / S. M. TOWNSEND. Hon. Exhibitional See. 3, ‘Swift. Street, f Pe on ee Fulham, 8.W. fs mrt Te Changes and Corrections of Address. Rev. J. M. Paterson to, Karachi, Sindh, India. Mrs. E. A. Hartley to, Lynchfield, Bishop’s Lydeard, Taunton. W. A. Bainbridge to, at The Hermitage, Moukton-Combe, Bath. ~ H. Gourlay to, Penshurst, Shortheath, Farnham, Surrey. W. J. Hentsch, Lockington, Malden Road Malden, Surrey. « Illustration and Deficit Funds. The Committee thankfully acknowledge the following donations : FA te ie oa niche ane E, Ores > 0) ‘ Chawner, Miss E. F. TE ete LO) Dee gatila: MS ay ck les Svat ckreravcupe neats at OS LO AO Dunleath, Lady SEE Sor ota ors mace Care O Seeneeae(et() Hawke, Hon. Mary C. ee O20 Johnson, Miss Sturton EE EON Mere” Oa DON, (O Mitchell, H. PA hh Wy com baer, Tae ae sree et Oh nO) 0 Morgane NTS Mencia co ameian tac sas tse Stee Oo MTA NL IAg eS oR nea veNcntat ue enlars cone rae tee Os ROL O) Rates amigos CMe neem tt cea a eeg savas env teh , Oe Oe 4 UES TS AG Se 8 eRe gal es A ae cm ae iO cca laa YS o— — The Bird Market. J Advertisements must be prepaid and reach the Editorial Secretary by the 10th of ea the month. Charge: Members’ advertisements, four words a penny, minimum ‘4d Non-Members, three words a penny, minimum 6d. OLOURED PLATES: All the plates that have been issued up to the _ ~ present, can be obtained uncut for framing at 1/- each, with the excep- tion of ‘A Beautiful Aviary” whieh is i/6. Apply to The PtsiisHer, Market Place, Ashbourne MEMBERS’ SALES AND WANTS. FOR SAGE .. Finest Strains, Magnificent Bandmasters, 10s., cages and _ earriage free—Miss Jackson, Cowhill, Rutland Road, Harrogate, Yorks. R SALE: Exhibition Norwich, at/Peasonable prices, from 10s. pair. e ees: Mm Scholes, Woodeote, Ottery St. Mary. R SALE: All. privately imported and now acclimaftised, Swainson’s Sparrows, 60s. pair; Purple Sunbird, 63s. pair; Calandra Lark _(Melanocorypha bimaculata), 50s. pair; cock Jackson’s Whydah ~ 63s:, cock E. Af. Maske! Weaver, 25s.; Hens, ‘Jungle Bush-Quail.— seyrd EW: T. Page, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. 30s. “will Si rnact for CGanarenniah Watastow!. Shore Baily, Boyers House, Westbury, Wilts. FOR.SALE Pair Moustache Parrakeets 20s. ; 20 pairs "Ete ds. per pair; 2 cock Cockateels, 5s. each; all in perfect condition anc bred in outside aviary, and not suitable to be eooped up in- small cages —H., 192, Worple Road, Wimbledon; London, S.W. FOR SALE: Cock Splendid Rosella and Hen Common Rosella; pairs Pileated, and Lavender Finches ; cocks Cuban and Aurora Finches — — Miss Clare, 194 Coombe Lane, Wimbledon, London, 5.W. FORU 1914 aviary reared Golden Pheasants, 3 cocks, 1 hen. Two Australian Peaceful Doves, believed to be a pair—B. Branfoot, 41, Cromwell-road, Grimsby. os, ZEBRA FINCHES (Outdoor Aviary bred), cocks 3s. 6d., hens ds. ; 6d Strong and hardy.—J. H. Henstock, Avian Press, ~ Ash- bourne, Derbyshire. ‘ PET SPOONBILL, feeds from hand, 40s.; Hahn’s Macaw £6 10s. ; Blue-crowned. Conure 20s.; Orange-flanked Parrakeets, GORE hale 4 All-green Parrakects, 12s. pair; White-winged Parrakeets 45s. pair ; Violaceous Hangnest, cock (Dives atroviolaceus) 15s.; Brazilian Hawk (Cerchne’s cinnamomina) 25s.—Dawson-Smith, Nash Rechory, Stony Stratford. PAIRS Virginian Cardinals 70s.; Parrot Finches (bred’ this He last. year, £6; with young Cock, paired resid with Hen Cuban, £8; Canaries 10s. ‘Cocks : Saffron Gs. 6d: ; Canaries Ys. 6d Lipa tageae Settley » Cottage, Brockenhurst. FOR SALE: 1 cock Virginian Cardinal, 17s,; 1, Brazilian Hangnest, 16s.; 4 Crested Cardinals’ (one with one stiff toe), 26s.) toby 2 cock Californian Quail, 7s. each; 1 cock Cape Canary, 7s. 6d); 2 Quaker Parrakeets, 8s. 6d. each. First two acclimatised, rest privately imported, but recent arrivals —Low, 14 Royal Terrace, E., Kingstown, Ireland. j AVIARIES AND BIRD FOODS: Aviaries Planned and their erection and furnishing supervised at reasonable charges. Aviaries visited and expert advice given. Existing aviaries overhauled, re-arranged, and re-furnished, Supervision of aviaries undertaken “by ‘monthly, bi-monthly, or quarterly visits, at terms fo be mutually, agreed upon. In response to numerous requests, I am willing to supply all kinds of Bird Seeds and Foods from my own stock. Also special mixtures for Parrots, Parrakeets, ete., at current rates: INSECT- ILE MIXTURE, 1s., 1s. 6d.,\2s., and 2s. 6d. per Ib. NEST BARRELS, for Parrakeets, Davee etc., specially made for the purpose, in three sizes—small, medium and large. These barrels, especially the large size, if fitted with a perch or twigy branch, — make excellent shelters for birds of the Finch-tribe during inelement weather. Also Rush Nests for Waxbills, and small Finches — Apply, W. T. Page, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. * pe 4 , rae > NOVEMBER, 1914. The Foreign Bird Club. Notices to Members. 2 1 IyportantT.—Doubtless many of our members have, or will be “Joining the Colours” during the progress of this terrible Nuropean “War—we should much like to keep a list of such and shall be grateful if members will send in their names on enlistment ; also we much desire to publish a “ Roll of Honour” of those who fall in the conflict, if “members will keep us posted. Those who stay at home can help by Obtaining details as above and keeping us informed as to any of our “members who enlist, and of any casualties among them. ae The Hon. Mrs. Bourke kindly offers a ‘temporary home for the birds of those who JOIN THE coLOURS (or others called to duties _ ‘away from home owing to the war, though not to the fighting front), to the full extent of her accommodation, so long as the war lasts. This ~ applies to all Cage’ and Aviary Birds, Parrot tribe alone excepted. The birds will be fed and looked after by a skilled attendant, free of 8 charge. Application may be made to her direct (75 Gloucester Place, Portman Square, London, W.) or per the Hon. Editor. \ i Tui Counciu: No nominations having been sent in, the re- ig@ members, Dr. J. Easton Scott, Dr. Hetley, and Mr. W. T. Ts are duly re-elected. The Council have agreed to a request he Hon Editor, to increase their numbers by four, so that he may extra assistance during what is likely to be a trying period, and the following-have kindly consented to serve if elected, viz. : Dr. L. Lovell-Keays, Mr. Herbert Bright, Dr’ M. Amsler, and Jon. Mrs. G. Bourke. ! It there are no further nominations, the election of the above S as a matter of course. ILLUSTRATION AND Derrcir Funps: We are not repeating otice, but refer members to last month’s issue (pink pages 71-2). WESLEY T. PAGE, Hon. Editor. SIDNEY WILLIAMS, Hon. See. and Treas. ~ : 76 Caan The Show Season. The Show Committee have granted our patronage to the following Shows : Members are reminded that they must put F.B.C. after each entry, and the word ‘‘Cup” after each of the three birds they wish to nominate for the competition. Tut L.C.B.A. Snow, HortricunrrraL Hatt, WastMInsTsrR, November 26th, 27th, and 28th. Classification for thirty-one classes for Foreign Birds. Three Silver and three Bronze Medals and the London Silver Cup for competition. Judges: Messrs. H. D. Astley and D. Seth-Smith. Schedules from Mr, J. Knight, 64 Chaplin Road, Wembley, Middlesex. EpinspurcuH. Tue Scorrish Narionan Suow, December 3ist, and January Ist. Classification for six classes for Foreign Birds. One Silver Medal and the Provincial Silver Cup for competition. “Judge, Mr. C. Sykes. Schedules from Mr. J. R. Meikle, 22 Brougham Street, Edinburgh. I must beg all members to support the L.C.B.A. Show this month, firstly by sending a good entry and secondly by visiting the Show, as all profits will go to the British Red Cross Fund. S. M. TOWNSEND Hon. Exhibitional Sec. 3 Swift Street, Fulham, S.W. = Illustration and Deficit Funds. The Committee thankfully acknowledge the following donations : Anderson; S's LES eter o's: n/anticeeleveies sauce an cee EOE Baker, Miss 0 Divmmond, Miss 0 Knobel, Miss Riephiele LY alate mice eb neon whe ae: Me ene Tautels, (Dr ANN ace we ante cae ok ak teats bree Re te ea 0 0 0) Paterson, Rev. J. ... 10 Perreau, Major G. Aas on te LO 0 Sproston, Mis. (overpaid Saiieeel pera inves tener te 0 6 Sutelitte,). Acer vans icvere ot ed ale oa Siebel tea cane ear aa ee Changes and Corrections of Address. Mrs. G. L. Roberts, to 132, Queen’s Road, Bayswater, London, W. Mrs. Drummond Chaplin, to Government House, Salisbury, Rhodesia, Africa. Dr. E. Hopkinson, to South Bank, Bathurst, Gambia, West Africa. oy Nee SM aoa ah ‘ Ds hte : iJ ¢ b ot) Bi Neh a! a 7 Rrra rh Cee ON ira Proposed for Election as Members. Miss M EE. Southey; The Vicarage, Chiddingly, Halland, Sussex. : By Dr. L. Lovell- -Keays. f rs. Paget Steavenson, Cross Bank Hill, Hurworth-on-Tees, Darlington. a By the Hon. Hditor, . Mrs. H. G. Baker, Brookfield House, Swinton, Yorks. ee By S. Williams. —_oe——_ The Bird Market. % idvertisements must be prepaid and reach the Editorial Secretary by the 10th of a" the month. Charge: Members’ advertisements, four words a penny, minimum 4d. Non-Members, three words a penny, minimum 6d. COLOURED PLATHS: All the plates that have been issued up to the *, present, can be obtained uncut for framing at 1/- each. with the excep- tion of “A Beautiful Aviary” which is 1/6. MEMBERS’ SALES AND WANTS. : ‘OR SALE. Finest Strains, Magnificent Bandmasters, 10s., cages and carriage free—Miss Jackson, Cowhill, Rutland Road, Harrogate, Yorks. —Mrs M. Scholes, Woodcote, ee St. Mary. (Melanocorypha bimaculata) 50s. pair; cock E. Af. Masked Weaver, 25s.: Hens, Jungle Bush-Quail.—W. T. Page, Glenfield, Graham t SALE: Hens, Diamond and Brush Bronze-wing, 20s. each, Half- collared and Senegal Doves, 7s. 6d. each, Cape Sparrow, 7s. 6d. Cocks Diuca Finch 10s., Euler’s Finch 12s. 6d., Olive Finch ;. 6d., Cuban Finch 7s. 6d., Rufous-necked Weaver, 7s. 6d., Abyssinian and Yellow-shouldered Weavers, 10s. each; Blossom- headed Parrakect, 12s. 6d. All still outdoors—W. Shore Baily, Boyers House, Westbury, Wilts. Ver Apply to VYhe Pusnisuwr, Market Place, Ashbourne FOR SALE: Exhibition Norwich, at reasonable prices, from 10s. pair. are 60s. pair; Purple Sunbird, 63s. pair; Calendis eee Nein 78 te FOR SALE: Two perfect, acclimatised, cock Crimson-wing Parrakeets, wing Parrakeets, living tgoether in small unheated aviary through th» winter, one a breeder; tame and perfect in every way. South American Hawfinch (Mycerobas melanoxanthus), handsome black and yellow bird, tame, acclimatised, 70s., cheap. Three Black- cheeked Lovebirds, just out of nest £2. Cuban Red-legged Thrush, show condition, 35s.; White-headed Black-bird, 15s., cost 25s.— Hon M. C. Hawke, Wighill, Tadcaster. WANTED: Hen Adelaide Parrakeet.—Miss Drummond, Mains of Meg- ginch, Hrrol, Perthshire. FOR SALE. Cocks, Golden Pheasants 20s. each; Californian Quail 10s. each ; Pine Grosbeaks (feed from hand) 15s.—Suteliffe, Fair- holme, Grimsby. : FOR SALE: Red-collared Lorikeets, perfect pair, outdoors months, &4 + Leadbeater Cockatoo, talks, tame, 60s. ; Orange- flanked Parrakeets, faultless, finger tame, 60s. pair; All-Green Parrakeets 10s. pair; cock Blue-crowned Conure 17s. 6d.; cock Olivaceous Hangnest (Dives atroviolaceus), rare, 15s.; Patagonian Cinnamon TFaleon (Cerchnies cinnamomina), 25s. —Dawson-Smith, Nash Rectory, Stony Stratford, Bucks. FOR. SALE Cock Splendid Rosella Parrakeet ; pair Pileated Finches ; cocks Cuban and Aurora Finches; pair Lavender Finches. Would exchange cock Violet-eared Waxbill for hen same species. Young Ttahan Greyhounds.—Apply “ Aviculturist,” c/o Hon: Editor, Glen- field, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. AVIARIES AND BIRD FOODS: Aviaries Planned and their erection and furnishing supervised at reasonable charges. Aviaries visited and expert advice given. [Existing aviaries overhauled, re-arranged, and re-furnished. Supervision of aviaries undertaken by monthly, bi-monthly, or quarterly visits, at terms fo be mutually agreed upon. In response to numerous requests I am willing to supply all kinds of Bird Seeds and Foods from my own stock. Also special mixtures for Parrots, Parrakeets, etc., at current rates: INSHCT- ILE MIXTURE, Is., 1s. 6d., 2s., and 2s. 6d. per lb. NEST BARRELS, for Parrakeets, Lovebirds, etc., specially made for the purpose, in three sizes—small, medium and large. These barrels, especially the large size. if fitted with a perch or twigy branch, make excellent shelters for birds of the Finch-tribe during inclement weather. Also Rush Nests for Waxbills, and small Finches.— Apply, WE Page, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. DECEMBER, 1 914. “The Foreign Bird Club. Notices to Members. THE Soe iL. No Others sei Spicy) ae the eae Dr. oe Berks, tee Been duly mined ee in accor ince with the ees Tut MaGazine. The present issue completes another volume, and, olume, the committee hope, that not only will past contributors continue their kind help in the next volume, but, that many of our members who ae have not hitherto written anything for the Magazine, will send in accounts yf their aviaries and birds or articles upon any and every topic of aviculture. SIDNEY WILLIAMS, Hon. Sec. and Treas. WESLEY, T. PAGE, Hon. Editor. llustration and Deficit Funds. The Committee thankfully acknowledge the following donations: Gre Seen: A Member... Ay ees ee 5 0 0 Brook, E. J. vie Ae 2 20 0 0 Draeas: Miss, 6.552200 ee iz Onara0 Marmont, W. B.... 3 oe 0 5. 0 Quincey, R.deQ. ... oes ke 5 OP) Reeve, ee Sareoe Ay 010 O Valentine, E.. : ve pee 010 0 Whistler, i. 010 0 Winchelsea and Nottingham, ‘The Countess of... Tele Changes and Corrections of Address. . A. Mallett, to Great Wishford, Salisbury. ae. Bainbridge, to Hazelwood, Thorpe, Surrey. iB. Simpson, to 5, Christ Church Avenue, Armley, Leeds. Lady Webster, to Powdermill House, Battle, Sussex. |G. W. F. Lythgoe, to Camlyn. Cromwell Road, Stretford, Manchester. Rev. J. A. Lovell Beazor, to The Nest, Bicclescombe Park. [lfracombe. __ E. Hopkinson, D.S.0., M. ‘A, M: B,, to Bathurst, Gambia, West Africa. Miss F. M Wilson. to 35, Emanuel Avenue, Acton, Middlesex. _ Chas. Isaac. to Brockley House, Slough. _E. W. Harper, to 6, Ashburnham Road, Bedford. a Baty to c/o Mrs. Forester, Pinehmst, Shortheath, Farnham, Surrey. Coline for Feection. eS Adie By the Hon. Editor. . ie BS Stott, 15, East Parade, Leeds. By J. H. Henstock, ~ Edward Grevile Herbert, Bombay Burmah Trading Co.. Bangkok, Siam, and The Rectory, Henningford Abbot, St. Ives, Hunts. By R.A. Holden: G. ‘Clark, Hummers Knott, Windsor Road, Slough. By EB. A Strickland. New Members Elected. be -sent~ to~ bins Soe itvengurer: be SIDNEY WILLIAMS, F.Z.S,, Holland Lodge, Edmonton, London, N. All dead birds for post mortem examinations should ‘be sent to H. GRAY, M.R.C.V.S., 23, Upper Phillimore= Place, London, W.. é All. MSS... for publication in Bird’ Notes, and Books for Re- “view, Proposals for New Members, Advertisements for “The Bird Market,” and claims for Breeding Medals should be-sent to the Hon. - Editor, W. T. PAGE, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. — All enquiries’ as to the treatment of Birds, should be sent te — the following gentlemen: Parrots and Parrakeets, H. T. 7. Camps, — F.Z.8., Linden: House, Haddenham, Isle of. Ely; Insectivorous, /Fru- hire givorous: and Small Seed eating Birds, W. T. Page,: ease ae ie field, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. - as *** Ail letters referring to the above or. ident fieation. of ; birds must contain a penny stamp for reply. Fie ee All. applications’ for’ Show. Medals ‘and canuicent re Shows Z should be sent to Mr, S.-M. TOWNSEND, 3; ae Street, spear. Ee London S:W. All other taptemonenee changes of addres ets; should ‘a: ie sent to the Hon. Business Secretary, SIDNEY i etteee rte. PLB Holland Lodge, Edmonton, London, N. ¢ This Magazine is printed and published by J. H. HENSTOOR, ss “Avian Press,’” Market Place, Ashbourne, Derbyshire, to whom all — orders for back numbers and bound rolumes tbo remittance). should ae be sent. . All boradmmeiatieiica: MSS., etc., (also remittances) ‘volving fo TRADE ADVERTISEMENTS should. be sent to tle publisher, de H. HENSTOCK, who will quote rates and transact ‘all ‘business con-. nected: therewith. “Also all complaints re non- delivery of” ‘the: Mag- : azine. zs ing the number of plates, other than the regular income of the Club An Illustration Fund. is kept open for the purpose. of increas- ae provides. for. The smallest donation: will be enka, received, for aA | ‘this object. by the Hon. Treasurer. All members not’ receiving their copies ‘of Bird Solon by. the 20th of each month should at once write wis Publisher Senger: _ of the omission. _ ss BINDING COVERS. le | A New Binding Case in Art Linen, of ‘Haddsame < Design, is now ready. Cases 1/6 post free. The Pub- — | lisher will bind the Volume complete for 3/- post free. > The Publisher ‘uridertakes.the Binding of Volumes in - ap ed Wnb Cass: or any: other style. of ipsabeal 5 as gh sg ne, desired. Pare - "| ‘TEE PRICE OF THIS ISSUE IS 1s. 64. ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION TO NON-MEMBERS, 15s, 04. “By Ea Wuistien, q PP M. B.O.U, 4 ac an Bee ABS 8. “WinriaMs, PZS.. ld and the New by au OAN Ants oie, DO BME Eums. * ae ) Buena Visto Tate, “Shon ig afte 2 ee BE: bbs een eee By A. Nearw Bers rio, By H. Warned IP. M. B i) Wie POS: Bose. babs ths Crystat Palace: Bo ‘By Washoe aD, Pads, c ies sbifed 5" i: <0} 0) —Hand aioe 4 of Swift: Homing Instinot tof Binds. ae MEMORANDA FOR MEMBERS. Annual Subscription to Members 10s., due on the Ist of Januar; in each year. A New Volume commences every January. ei All Subscriptions should be sent to the Hon. at SIDNEY WILLIAMS, F.Z.S., Holland Lodge, Edmonton, London, N All dead birds for post mortem examinations should bes- oo to H. GRAY, M.R.C.V.S., 23, Upper Phillimore Place, London, W. All MSS. for publication in Bird» Notes, and Books for Re- view, Proposals for New Members, Advertisements for “The Bird Market,” and claims for Breeding Medals should be sent to the Hon. Editor, W. T.. PAGE, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. All enquiries ae to the treatment of Birds should be sent te the following gentlemen: Parrots and Parrakeets, H. T. T. Camps, ¥.Z.8., Linden House, Haddenham, Isle of Ely; Insectivorous, Fru- givorous, and Small Seed eating Birds, W. T. Page, F.Z.S., Glen- Geld, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. ee* All letters referring tothe abides or identification. of irda must contain a penny stamp for reply. All applications for Show. Medals and enquiries re Shows should be sent to Mr. S. M. TOWNSEND, 3, Swift Sint valet London S.W. All other correspondence, changes of address, etc., should be sent to the Hon. Business Secretary, SIDNEY WILLIAMS, ¥F.Z8., Holland Lodge, Edmonton, London, N. This Magazine is printed and published by J. H. HENSTOOK, “Avian Press," Market Place, Ashbourne, Derbyshire, to whom all. orders for back numbers and bound volumes (with remittance). should | be sent. All correspondence, MSS., etc., (also remittances) relating to TRADE ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the publisher, J. @. HENSTOCK, who will quote rates and transact all business con- nected therewith. Also all complaints re non-delivery of the ‘Mag: - azine. An Iustration Fund is kept open for the. purpose of lncress- ing the number of plates, other than the regular income of the Club provides for. ‘The smallest donation will be thankfully received for this object by the Hon. Treasurer. All members not receiving their copies of Bird Notes by the 20th of each month should at ence write the Publisher peepee of the omission. BINDING COVERS. A New Binding Case in Art Linen, of Handsome Design, is now ready. Cases 1/6 post free. The Pub- — lisher will bind the Volume complete for 3'- post. free. The Publisher undertakes the Binding of Volumes i in the . Slob Case or any otheretyle of Binding as may be. desired. | Foauisan> ABOUT THE i5th OF EACH MONTH an wane “Reserved, See She Bae a ech Sey et 1s, 64, be a “THE JOURNAL OF THE FOREIGN BIRD CLUB. oe a ‘Batted by WESLEY T. PAGE, F.Z.S. : : APRIL, 5 hae is CON TEN TS. BY Wresisey boas PAGe, F: ZS, te. See ~By* Mrs. BR. RE. Werarr, > - Effective Mouse-trap or aes .By Dr. L. Loveit:Kuays- The Black kfocet Worbill The. ‘Rujous- ‘bellied’ Niltava’ .... ae g) ae DE Q. Reon Ee Dissigs at Bioaed Gowidion Finches: What is it? : <=). By Dr. Ly. Lovetn- Renee : SBE ‘i. Wuistinr, I. Pio M B.O.U: ; Sailing” ‘the aia Ground Dove ......... By Lorp Poiana. of ‘the Thelum Distriot . , Bx ‘Hi: ‘Wuistiar, LP. MB ie) U. ‘Novices: AND. etlavis ‘Species which have been Reared and tae Peel voy been Bred. in hss in Sins lin Scan i ASHEOURNE, aA eS Wea Mies Printed ‘and Published by J. H, RENSTOCE, Aven Presa Ss eding of. Hybrid Bengatesc Ne Bay “Finch << By Logp Portiutore. ~~ MEMORANDA FOR MEMBERS. a = Annual Subscription | to Members 10s, due on- the Let. of Sesary ‘in’ each -year. A New Volume. commences every January, All Subscriptions should be sent-to- the Hon. Treasurer, SIDNEY WILLIAMS, F.Z.S,, Holland Lodge, Edmonton; London;-N- ~ All dead eds for post mortem examinations should ‘be- sent to H. GRAY, M.R.C.V.S.; 23, Upper Phillimore Place, London, Ww. aoe All MSS; for publication: in Bird Notes, and Books for Review, eS Proposals for New Members, Advertisements for ‘The Bird _Market,’’ and claims for Breeding Medals should be sent to the~ Hon. Editor, Bs Sega T. PAGE, Glenfield,.Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. ; All enquiries as‘ to the treatment of Birds should “be an fo . the following gentlemen: Parrots and Parrakeets, H. T. Camps, ete., (also remittances) relating to TRADE ADVERTISEMENTS should’ be’ sent to the publisher, J. H. HENSTOCK, who will ‘quote rates and transact all business ‘con. nected therewith. Also all:complaints re non-delivery of the Magazine. ~ An Illustration Fund is kept open for the Purpose. of ‘increas-— ingt he number of plates, other than the regular income of the Club provides for. The smallest donation will si thankfully Teceived for, this object by the Hon. Treasurer. All members not receiving ‘their copies of Bird Notes. oy ‘the — 20th: of -each “month should at: once write, the Pepin giants? of the. omission: BINDING COVERS. aye A New Binding Case in Art Linen, of Handsome. Fide Design, is now ring i Cases 1/6 post free. The Pub- fisher will bind the Volume complete for 3/- post free. = The Publisher undertakes the Binding of Volomes i in _ i Slub Case or any other hy: of Gages may be desired. a os ¢ ( PUBLISMED ABOUT THE 15th OF ZACH MONTE! "AMT Righin< Reserved. = =——=—=—=—S—=*~S:*«STE PRICK OFTHIS ISSUE IS 1s. 64. © ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION TO NON-MEMBERS, 15s. 04, “Edited Se WESLEY T. PAG, FZS. 2 Ste Ate, a 1914. “CONTENTS. att The +. Bpeakled’¢ Contire.. ais. Bac os os By Dr. L. ‘Loyart: Kays, f My ¥ Weavers and “Whyfdahs. ; . By Srpyny WILLIAMS, F.Z8. Fae * The ‘Secret. of Keeping - Gouldian Finches: What §8 ER awk eB Re pany S. pp Q. Quincy. \" (= . oie The. Scores. oF Keeping Gouldian Finches “What ig 46? 04 By De. 2 By Waeney T.;Pacn, => ne Winstrnr, LP, MBOU! Prowse By Dr el Lovent- ‘KwAYS.: i ; Erratum. ae Baran Bus € Casson 3 Mine -)) . ASHBOURNE a3 Printed and atitshed by d. hi HENSTOCK, Avien dA de MEMORANDA FOR MEMBERS. ee F aes Annual Subscription to Members 10s., due on the Ist of January in each year. Bone oe eee Seine se eee A New.Volume commences every January. «© - BORE Hee gine ea: All Subscriptions should be sent to the Hon. Treasurer, SIDNEY ~~ WILLIAMS, F.Z.S., Holland Lodge, Edmonton, London, Nike sees PCL ; All dead’ birds for. post mortem examinations should ‘be. cent. % “cs to H. GRAY, M.R.C.V.S:, 23, Upper Phillimore Place, London, W.. © oie All MSS. for publication in Bird Notes, and Books for Review, Proposals. for New~ Members, Advertisements for “he Bird Market," == wed “and aime for Breeding Medals should be sent to the Hon- Editor, W. tT. PAGE, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey, Eee Ay ts eae ie All e nguiries. as. -te the treatment. of Birds should be ‘sent 465; < the following, gentlemen: Parrots and Parrakeets, aT: Camps, sy At Bee eat Linden House, Haddenham, Isle of Ely ; Insectivorous, Frugivorous, and =i Small Seed-eating Birds, W. T. Page, F.28., Glenfield, Graham Avenue, - Mitcham, Surrey.’ ae, s She ees Fe *** All “letters referring to the above identification -of birds a must contain a penny stamp ‘for teply.- eae Te We aoe ie All. applications for Show Medals: and enquiries re Shows should — < be sent to Mr. Sx M. TOWNSEND, 3, Swift Street, Fulham, London, ~~ $.W. ig Seog Rie eg os All other Correspondence, Qhanges of Address, etc., should be - =o sent to the Hon. Business Secretary, SIDNEY ‘WILLLIAMS, -F:Z.84— bath - Holland Lodge, Edmonton, Londen, N.S po SD err ea cs ae nae St This Magazine is printed and published by J. H. HENSTOCK, - “G “ Avian Press,” Market Place, Ashbourne, Derbyshire, to whom all orders. ~ Sy for. back numbers and bound volumes (with remittance ) should be sent. © All- correspondence, MSS-, etc.; “(also ‘remittances) relating to. age Ns. TRADE ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the publisher, J. “H. HENSTOOK, -who will quote ‘rates and transact all business con- ~~, nected therewith. Also all complaints -re non-delivery of the: Magazine. An Illustration Fund is kept open for the. purpose of increas- “ingt he number of plates, other than the regular income of the ‘Club: - provides for. The smallest donation will “be. thankfully ‘received for this object by~ the Hon. Treasurer. — , EA Mae ES 7 ee ee All members not receiving their copies of Bird Notes by the. 20th of each month. should at once write the Publisher, complaining ~~ of the omission. ~~». ris ens 0S te Nes a eta a OS BINDING COVERS. ~ A New Binding Case in Art Linen, of Handsome _ Design, is now ready. Cases 1/6 post free. 1 fisher will bind the Volume complete for 3/- postfree.. ie Publisher undertakes the Binding of Volumes in the. Club Cese or any other.style of Binding a8 may be desired. a MEMBERS’ MEETINGS, ——+¢ The first of these for this season will take pl Zoo, on Saturday, (Others will be announced in due course ). - 0D each occasion. if those intending to be present will Road, Brentwood. hy Ye "PUBLISHED ABOUT ‘THE i5th OF ZACH MONTH) All Rights’ Reserved. THE PRICK OF THIS ISSUE IS 18. 64. "ANNUAL. SUBSCRIPTION TO NON-MEMBERS, 158. 04. Bee THE JOURNAL OF - er THE FOREIGN BIRD CLUB. ~Maitea by. WESLEY t - PAGE, F.ZS. “CONTENTS. An Easter Tour Among Members Aviaries. ain BY, Wxstrx ‘T. Pios, “F.ZS., etc. ° Soh ates ae a2 woes, ‘Som ‘Experiences. re (Gockatoos? Bx. THE “Manqurs ‘or TavisTocK, An. April ek ci in Northern India. sat “By DeUehee Dewar, Ae c LS Pee : RAS: | Sacer ackson's Whydan-t in: n Captivity 4 ce Wasuer 7, pine okt Be. $., ‘Bro: . Al Further Note on Sexing Rosales en as By Dr. L. Lovet: Keays. > tarde: of the . Thelum. District ie Br H. Wuistime, 1 Pe: M. ts U. iDrToRTAL Nesting ‘Notes. stat Re Naas td RITISU Brrp CALenpar. =e y a 2 pre Sa AL Lee Pings _~JREESPONDENCE 13 thie Cuckoo ree Common: “Some Notes of the Sane _ Buds, of the’ British, Solomon Islands... Sots Boe brian Hema eae pier tea ad Sats ne ot BY Ww. T. Rogers _ | rinted and Poniisted by J. 8. HENSTOCK, Avian Press iy MEMORANDA FOR pas net —eeiprowtnes Annus] Subscription to Members 10s., dus on the let of January, 5 in each year. : nee A New Volume conimences every fasshary All Subscriptions should be sent to the Hon~ Treasurer, SIDNEY WILLIAMS, F.Z.S., Holland Lodge, Edmonton, London, N.~ ‘ All dead bitds for post mortem examinations should te, sent if to H.-GRAY, M.R.C.V.S., 23, Upper Phillimore Place, London, W. All MSS. for publication in Bird Notes, and Books for ‘Beviawe 4 ioe Proposals for. New Members, Advertisements for “The. Bird Market,” i. and claims for Breeding Medals should be sent to tho Hon. Editor, Woy es T. PAGE, Glenfield, ‘Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. BY Rate tie All enquiries as to- the treatment of Birds should ee van tee 3 the following gentlemen: Parrots and Parrakeets, H. T. Camps, FZ. ie Lindext House, Haddenham, Isle of Ely: Insectivorous, Frugivorous, and Small Seed-eating Birds, W. ih Page, F.Z. 8., Glenfield, ‘Grahem ae Mitcham, Surrey. é *** 4ll letters Sistas to the boas identification of ‘birds must contain a penny stamp for reply. All applications for. Show Medals and enquiries re Shows eae be sent to Mr. S..M. TOWNSEND, 3, Swift Re eae hentte: 8.W. All other Correspondence, Changes of eer ete., should “ha! sent to the Hon. Business Secretary, SIDNEY, WHALAAMS, ¥, Z. Sy + Holland Lodge, Edmonton, London, N;- <: Fe This Magazine is’ printed and published by. J. .s HENSTOOKS. “Avian Press,” Market’ Place, Ashbourne, Derbyshire, to whom all, vorders. for back numbers and bound volumes (with remittance) should’ ‘be sent. All correspondence, MSS., ete. (also remittances) ‘relating to TRADE ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the ‘publisher, - Pat: H. HENSTOCK, who- will: quote rates and transact all. business eon- nected therewith. Also all complaints re non-delivery of the Magazine. An. Illustration Fund is kept open for the ‘purpose of increas~~. : : ingt he number of plates, other than the regular income of the Club provides for. . The smallest donation « will be eeiealy received for ne this object by the: Hon. Treasurer. ng All members not _receiving their _ copies. of Bird Notes ‘ ‘the. oi 20th of each month should at once write the Zoblisher: Bi ee ; of the omission. 2 ee E BINDING COVERS. ss ie A New Binding Case in Art Linen, of ‘Handsome Design; is now ready. Cases 1/6 post free. The Pub- - lisher will bind the Volume canes FoR 3)- post free. oe nS MASSE Eee = cata ee We oie Me pccg pie; oe Coe AT ath Vol. V., No 7. All_Rights Reserved. Price V6. Annual Subseriprion ® OF non-members, 5% ON W ’ oo. NOTES at Ga The eournal of? Jf THE FOREIGN BIRD CLUB ~ " £o7ked ob Wesley T. Page, FZS.ck. ~~ aS ‘ ASHBOURNE Printed and Published by J. H. HENSTOCK. Avian Press 4 Pm he eye f CONTENTS. The Rufous-bellied Niltava ...... By H. Waster, I.P., M.B.O.U. My Weavers and Whydahs ,........... By StpNey WiLiiams, F.Z.S Rearing of Hybrid Greenfinch xX Sikhim Siskin. By WM. SuHorw BAILY. The Brecding of the Alexandrine Parrakeets. By Wu. SuHorw BaAriy. Breeding of the Mealy Rosella. ...... By Rny. G. H. Rayfox, M.A. Some Experiences of Cockatoos.’... By THE MARQuis or TAyistock. The Nesting of the Blue Sugar-bird. By Dr, L. Loven.-Keays, F.ZS. An Easter ae Sy a Members’ Aviaries. By WESLEY, Al: baie BPZS., Birds of the pee District and an Ornithological Diary from the Punjab. By H. WuistierR, 1.P., M.B.O.U. Bringing Home. Foreign Birds. ..:.....:... By W.> A. iabwea Don: EpirortaL :—Nesting Notes; Lord Mayor Treloar Hospital Alton Avi- aries; Fertile Hybrids ; Epos: Post Mortem REPORTS. MEMORANDA FOR MEMBERS. Annual Subscription to Members 10s., due on the lst of January in each year. A New Volume commences every January. All Subscriptions should be sent to the Hon. Treasurer, SIDNEY WILLIAMS, F.Z.S., Holland Lodge, Edmonton, London, N. All dead bintis for post mortem examinations should be gent to H. GRAY, M.R.C.V.8., 23, Upper Phillimore Place, London, W. All MSS. for publication in Bird Notes, and Books for Review, Proposals for New Members, Advertisements for “The Bird Market,” and claims for Breeding Medals should be sent to the Hon. Editor, W. T. PAGE, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. All enquiries as to the treatment of Birds should be sent to the following gentlemen: Parrots and Parrakeets, H. T. Camps, F.Z.S., Linden House, Haddenham, Isle of Ely; Insectivorous, Frugivorous, and Small Seed-eating Birds, W. T. Page, F.Z.S., Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. *** All letters referring to the above identification of dirds must contain a penny stamp for reply. All applications for Show Medals and enquiries re Shows should be sent to Mr. S. M. TRWNSEND, 3, Swift Street, Fulham, London, 8.W. i All other Correspondence, Changes of Address, etc., should be sent to the Hon. Business Secretary, SIDNEY WILLLIAMS, F.Z Be Holland Lodge, Edmonton, London, N. Continued on page 3 of eover. Vol. V., No 8. All Rights Reserved. XO . Price 16. Annaal Subscripfron =— non-members, /5% fF) NOTES ~ The Sourna) ak THE FOREIGN BIRD CLUB * Lorked chy Wesley T. Page, F.Z.S.etc. af ASHBOURNE Printed and Published by J. H, HENSTOCK. Avian Press (hay Pein hing! CONTENTS. An Easter Tour Among Members’ Aviaries. By Wusuxy T. Pace, F.Z.S., ete. Some Experiences of Cockatoos. \. a. BY THE MARQUIS oF TAVISTOCK. Birds In and A bout the Station \Bakloh, Punjab). B¥ Mason GOA, PERREAD, F.ZS. Breeding of the Sulphury neki: Halevs tee eee cee eee By Wo. SHore Batry. Nesting of the Black Seed-Finch. ....... 2. 2 2... BY Wa. SHoRE Batty. My Weavers and Whydahs ............. By Stpngey WrLuisAMs, F.Z.S. The Breeding of the Hooded Siskin and Cross-bred Goldfinches. By THE REY. J. M. Paterson, M.A. Breeding of the Orange-cheeked Wazbill. ... 22. 12sec ss BY. J.-GOODCHILD. A Small Aviary and its Inmates. ©... .6. se By Mrs. E. SraNntEY GARDINER. Nuthatches ... ... «eee By Captain J. 8S. REEVE, F.Z.S. “Where there's a Will there sa a Way.” .... By THE Hon. Mary ©. HAWKE. Epiroria. :—Z00 Notes ; Nesting Notes ; Silver-eared Mesia ; Sikhim Siskin ; An Enquiry ; Erratum ; Notice ; The Genus Brotogerys. CORREPONDENCE :—Breeding Results 1914; Nesting Notes from Woburn Abbey ; Fieldfare x Missel Thrush Hybrids, etc.; An Interesting Ob- servation ; An Interesting Nest. British Brrp CALENDAR. MEMORANDA FOR MEMBERS. Annual Subscription to Members 10s., due on the let of January in each year. A New Volume commences every January. All Subseriptions should be sent to the Hon. Treasurer, SIDNEY WILLIAMS, F.Z.S., Holland Lodge, Edmonton, London, N. All dead birds for post mortem examinations should be sent to H. GRAY, M.R.C.V.S., 23, Upper Phillimore Place, London, W. All MSS. for publication in Bird Notes, and Books for Review, Proposals for New Members, Advertisements for “The Bird Market,” and claims for Breeding Medale should be sent to the Hon. Ediver, W.- T. PAGE, Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. All enquiries as to the treatment of Birds should be sent to the following gentlemen: Parrots and Parrakeets, H. T. Camps, F.Z.S., Linden House, Haddenham, Isle of Ely; Insectivorous, Frugivorous, and Small Seed-eating Birds, W. T. Page, F.Z.S., Glenfield, Graham Avenue, Mitcham, Surrey. *** All lettere referring to the above identification of — birds must contain a penny stamp for reply. All applications for Show Medals and enquiries re Shows should be sent to Mr. S. M. TRWNSEND, 3, Swift Street, Fulham, London, 8.W. 1 All other Correspoadence, Changes of Address, ete., should be sent to the Hon. Business Secretary, SIDNEY WILLLIAMS, F.Z. 3S, Holland Lodge, Edmonton, London, N. Continued on page 3 of cover. » ~ Pe Pn SEPTEMBER, 1914, Vol. V., No 9. iN _ 7. Nah Price 16. Anaaal Subscriphion Wy Saas /O Non-members, /5% h , BIRD > | NOTES” Ah or Gat amas : The conditions upon which these will be made by Mr, HY. GRAY, M.R.C.V.8., 23, Upper Phillimore Place, Kensington, London, W., are as follows :— (1) .The birds must be sent immediately after death. (2) | They must be packed in a box. (3). The Letter accompanying them must Nov be placed in the box along with the bird. (N.B.—Unless the above conditions are complied with the nates ages will be destroyed without examination). (4) The letter must detail as far as possible all particulars as to— (a) Date of death. (6) Length of illness. (c) Symptoms of illness. (d) odgment and feeding of birds, and (e) Especially as to whether egg food or inga seed has been given. (5) The work will be done gratuitously, and a report pub- lished in Bird Notes, but wnder no circumstances whatever will a report be sent by post unless a fee of 2s. 6d. accompanies the letter; and bird: Pressure of work compels Mr. Gray to make this an invariable rule, and it applies to all Members, whether they are personally ac- quainted with him or not. This issue completes Vol. V., and subscriptions for 1915 become due. Members’ Annual Subscription is 10s., and should be Sent to the Hon. Treasurer, Mr. S. Williams, Holland Lodge, Edmonton, London, N., on or before J anuary [st. Ss es —— =~ SE ——_— DECEMBER, 1914. Vol. V., No 12, ee ee