_. E> RARY OF THE UNIVERSITY Of ILLINOIS 53O.5 Return this book on or before the Latest Date stamped below. A charge is made on all overdue books. University of Illinois Library DEC 1 M32 OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SERIES OF FIE ) MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Volume 24 CHICAGO, FEBRUARY 28, 1941 No. 19 BIRD,C FROM THE YUCATAN PENINSULA BY MBLVIN A. TRAYLOR, JR. In the fall and winter of 1939-40, I made a collection of birds in 3 states of Yucatan and Campeche in southern Mexico. The p was made in the company of Mr. E. W. Andrews, who was doing archaeological reconnaissance work for the Carnegie Institu- •on of Washington, and he frequently aided in the collection of specimens. Collecting was carried on at three stations. Through the courtesy of the Carnegie Institution, we used their headquarters at Chichen Ttza, and collecting was done there from October 6 to November 24. -m Chichen Itza, we went to Matamoros in southwestern Cam- ie, and through the kindness of Mr. Cecil Branson, manager of e Laguna Corporation, we made our headquarters there, and collected from December 18 to January 9. From Matamoros we 'ew to Pacaitun on the Candelaria River, where we were very lortunate in being able to establish our camp in the bodega of Sr. Francisco Rondanini, owner of that "chicle central," and collected there from January 12 to March 1. The collection, which is deposited in Field Museum, numbers 731 specimens, 287 from northern Yucatan, and 444 from southern Campeche. The species represented are 205 in number, 106 from Chichen Itza, and 167 from Campeche. In the annotated list which follows, I have included twelve species which were seen but not collected, and which raise the Campeche total to 179 species. I wish to express my thanks and appreciation to Mr. Ludlow Griscom and Mr. James C. Greenway for their kindness and help in the identification of certain species at the Museum of Comparative Zoology; and also to the authorities of that museum and of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, for the loan of valuable comparative material. I am also grateful to Mr. Boardman Conover for the use at all times of his own collections, and for his valuable No. 493 195 APR 2 8 1941 196 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24 aid in the identification of certain game birds; and to Mr. Sydney Camras for his aid in the preliminary identification of many of the birds, and his help in assembling the literature. Particularly, I am indebted to Mr. Rudyerd Boulton and Mr. Emmet R. Blake of Field Museum, without whose constant encouragement and help this paper would never have been completed. The birds of Chichen Itza have been reported on by Chapman (1896) and Cole (1906). The only paper on the peninsula as a whole is Griscom's The Ornithological Results of the Mason-Spinden Expe- dition (1926) in which he discusses the distribution and relation- ships of the avifauna of northern Yucatan and the east coast. Campeche, however, has never been reported on separately, the only records being references in Ridgway's Birds of North and Mid- dle America to specimens collected at Apazote and the city of Cam- peche by Nelson and Goldman. In the state of Campeche, north of a line drawn northeast from Champoton, there is a continuation of the arid conditions of north- ern Yucatan, which are characterized by open scrub country and low forest, rarely reaching more than thirty-five or forty feet in height. South of this line, however, the forest increases in height and luxuriance, because of the greatly increased rainfall, and although no accurate figures are available, the climate is probably very like that of southern Quintana Roo and northern British Honduras. During our stay the temperature varied from a maximum of 98° (several days during late February) to a minimum of 50° (January 28). This cold period coincided with several nortes (cold winds and rains that sweep down from the gulf). Except during the periods of these storms, the temperature rarely drops below 65°. Collecting conditions at Matamoros were only fair, for although there were many open trails, the presence of the large camp nearby, and the passage of many people over the trails, made the birds rather shy. Conditions at Pacaitun, however, were almost ideal, with many trails leading through the forest and to different milpas (Indian cornfields made by clearing and burning the forest), and with the river attracting many water birds which were not seen elsewhere. Although most of my hunting was naturally done in the forests, the milpas attracted many birds that might not other- wise have been seen, notably many sparrows, blackbirds, pigeons and woodpeckers, the last frequenting the large dead trees that are left standing in the fields. These trees were also the favorite look- outs of several forms of hawks. • »? 18 1141 UNIVERSITY OF JLUNOIS 1941 BIRDS FROM YUCATAN — TRAYLOR 197 The avifauna of southern Campeche is composed of two main elements: the arid Yucatan fauna from the north, and the northern fringe of the humid tropical fauna from the south. As might be expected in such an intermediate area as this, many species which are assigned either to endemic Yucatan subspecies, or to subspecies from Guatemala or southern Mexico, are in reality intergrades, which seem to favor one or the other form more closely. Allowing 15 — FIG. 20. Localities from which specimens are listed. for this intergradation, there still seems to be a preponderant Yuca- tan element. Of the thirty-five species collected, of which endemic subspecies have been named from northern Yucatan, twenty-five belong to the northern races and only ten to those of Guatemala or southern Mexico. 198 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24 The Yucatan subspecies collected in Campeche were as follows: Ortalis vetula intermedia (southern half of peninsula) Aramides cajanea albiventris Pteroglossus torquatus erythrozonus Centurus aurifrons dubius Centurus rubriventris rubriventris Dryobates scalaris parvus Xiphorhynchus flavigaster yucatanensis Sittasomus griseicapillus gracileus Dendrocincla anabatina typhla Thamnophilus doliatus yucatanensis Formicarius analis pallidus Attila spadiceus gaumeri Pachyrhamphus major itzensis Myiarchus tuberculifer platyrhynchus Xanthoura luxuosa maya Thryothorus rutilus canobrunneus Nannorchilis leucogaster brachyurus Mimus gilvus clarus Granalellus sallaei boucardi Icterus cucullatus igneus Eucometis penicillata pallida Saltaior coerulescens yucatanensis Richmondena cardinalis yucatanica The following Guatemalan or Mexican subspecies were collected in Campeche: Crypturellus cinnamomeus intermedius Buteo magnirostris direptpr Momotus lessonii lessonii Platypsaris aglaiae sumichrasti Tityra semifasciata personata Psilorhinus mexicanus cyanogenys Cissolopha yucatanica rivularis Habia rubica rubicoides Habia gutteralis littoralis Saltator atriceps atriceps In order to complete the picture of the Yucatan element, there should also be included four species peculiar to the Yucatan penin- sula which were found in Campeche, Agriocharis ocellata, Amazilis yucatanensis, Myiarchus yucatanensis, and Piranga roseogularis roseogularis. However, this does not give by any means a complete picture, because twenty-one species were collected which are found only in the humid tropical zone and have never been collected in the north- ern part of the peninsula. These are listed below, the species marked with an asterisk apparently representing the first record from the peninsula. *Tinamus major percautus *Crypturellus soui meserythrus *Columba rufina pallidicrissa Pionus senilis decoloratus *Amazona autumnalis autumnalis *Phoethornis adolphi adolphi Trogon massena massena Galbula melanogenia Dendrocolaptes certhia sancti-thomae *Dysithamnus mentalis septentrionalis (first record for Mexico) *Cercomacra tyrannina crepera Manacus candei *Schiffornis turdinus veraepacis Myiobius sulphureipygius sulphureipy- gius Henichorina leucosticta prostheleuca Hylophilus ochraceiceps ochraceiceps *Chlorophanes spiza guatemalensis (first record for Mexico) Gymnostinops montezuma Lanio aurantius auraniius Caryothraustes poliogasler poliogaster *Cyanocompsa cyanoides concreta Naturally these species represent only a small percentage of the Caribbean rain forest fauna, but their presence demonstrates the much closer relationship of this fauna with that of Campeche, than with that of northern Yucatan. In this respect Campeche is inter- mediate between Yucatan and Peten, where the rain forest ele- 1941 BIRDS FROM YUCATAN — TRAYLOR 199 ment is much greater and the endemic forms of Yucatan reach their most southern outpost. In the following list are species, either wide ranging tropical forms or migrants, which are here recorded for the first time from the peninsula: Mycteria americana (Pacaitun) Sarcorhamphus papa (Matamoros) Rostrhamus sociabilis major (Pacaitun) Spizaetus ornatus vicarius (Pacaitun) Spizaetus tyrannus (Pacaitun) Micrastur ruficollis guerilla (Pacaitun) Heliornis fulica (Pacaitun) Ara macao (Pacaitun) Nyctibius griseus mexicanus (Pacaitun) Notharchus hyperhynchus dysoni (Matamoros) Lepidocolaptes souleyetti insignis (Pacaitun) Myiarchus crinitiis (Chichen Itza) Rhamphocoenus rufiventris rufiventris (Chichen Itza and Matamoros) Hylocichla mustelina (Pacaitun) Hylocichla ustulata ustulata (Matamoros) Anthus spinoletta rubescens (Chichen Itza) Icterus galbula (Matamoros) The sequence of families in this report follows Wetmore (Smiths. Misc. Coll., 89, No. 13, 1934). LIST OF SPECIES Tinamus major percautus Van Tyne Pacaitun, 1 male, 3 females, January 19-February 20. These birds are identical in coloration with three specimens of the type series which I have had the privilege of examining. They were not uncommon at Pacaitun, but were very wild due to hunting. Crypturellus soui meserythrus P. L. Sclater Pacaitun, 2 females, February 2 and 19. Less common than either of the other tinamous. Crypturellus cinnamomeus intermedius subsp. nov. Type from Pacaitun, Campeche, Mexico. Alt. 200 feet. Field Museum of Natural History No. 120805. Adult female. Collected February 23, 1940, by Melvin Traylor, Jr. Orig. No. 819. Diagnosis.— Above: resembles C. c. soconuscensis Brodkorb, and like it differs from all other races, in having a slatish cast to the back, tail coverts, primaries and secondaries; differs, however, from soco- 200 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24 nuscensis by having the light barring paler and more sharply defined. Below: resembles C. c. goldmani Nelson, and like it differs from all other races, in having a sharp contrast between the rufous breast and the pale buffy white belly; differs, however, from goldmani in having more extensive and clearer white on the throat. Description of type. — Forehead Blackish Plumbeus,1 barred with Natal Brown; auricular region and hind neck Army Brown; mantle Fuscous, becoming lighter on upper back and faintly barred with Fuscous-Black; lower back and rump, Fuscous-Black, finely barred with Cinnamon-Buff; tail coverts Fuscous-Black barred with Pinkish Buff; middle and greater wing coverts and secondaries Fuscous- Black, strongly barred with Pinkish Buff; chin and throat white, shading through Snuff Brown to Sayal Brown on upper breast; lower breast Cinnamon-Buff; belly Cartridge Buff, with flanks and sides of belly heavily barred with Bone Brown. Wing 166 mm.; culmen 25.5. Range. — Southern Campeche, and probably adjoining parts of Tabasco. Remarks. — The new form is clearly intermediate in color between goldmani of northern Yucatan and soconuscensis of the Pacific coast of Chiapas, although it is separated from the latter by the highlands of Chiapas, where vicinior, a strikingly different form, is found. It is possible, however, that the range of intermedius and soconuscensis may prove to be contiguous somewhere in Tabasco or the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, from which practically no specimens are available. At present, the closest geographical race to intermedius on the main- land of Mexico is sallaei, of southern Vera Cruz, which differs in being much browner above, and in having a deep buff wash on the abdomen. Due to the variation in size, measurements of individual birds are of little diagnostic value. On the whole, sallaei and soconus- censis seem to average considerably larger than either goldmani or cinnamomeus, and intermedius falls in between. As Conover noted in his description of vicinior (Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 46, p. 115, 1933) the females of the different races are much more constant than the males, and this certainly holds true in this new race. Whereas the barring on the back of the females is always clear and sharp, in the males it is often mottled or darker buff, with much less contrast. Also the contrast between the rufous breast and pale belly is not as sharp in two of the males, and these approach certain of the paler 1 Capitalized names of colors are from Ridgway's Color Standards and Nomen- clature, 1912. 1941 BIRDS FROM YUCATAN— TRAYLOR 201 males of soconuscensis. The latter race as a whole, however, is much deeper rufous below than any of the others. At Pacaitun these tinamous were fairly common, and were found throughout the forest. During the dry season in late March and April, however, they are said to be found in large numbers along the banks of the river, after the swamps in the forest have dried up. This is also true of the deer, which are only found at Pacaitun dur- ing the dry season. Specimens examined: Crypturellus c. cinnamomeus. — 7: SALVADOR (Olomega, San Miguel, 2 males, 1 female; Volcan San Miguel, San Miguel, 1 male; Rio San Miguel, San Miguel, 1 male; Volcan Con- chagua, La Union, 1 male; Mount Cacaguatique, Morazan, 1 female). Crypturellus c. soconuscensis. — 11: MEXICO (Chiapas, Escuintla, 8 males, 3 females). Crypturellus c. sallaei. — 6: MEXICO (Jalapa, Vera Cruz, 2; Orizaba, Vera Cruz, 2; Precedio, Vera Cruz, 1 female; Pasa Neuva, Vera Cruz, 1 male). Crypturellus c. intermedius. — 9: MEXICO (Pacaitun, Campeche, 4 males, 5 females). Crypturellus c. goldmani. — 8: MEXICO (Chichen Itza, Yucatan, 1 male, 4 females; La Vega, Yucatan, 2 females; Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, 1 female). Ardea herodias subsp. Seen frequently along the river at Pacaitun. Butorides virescens virescens Linnaeus Pacaitun, 1 male, January 22. Casmerodius albus egretta Gmelin Common along the river at Pacaitun; one was seen at the sacred cenote at Chichen Itza. Leucophoyx thula thula Molina The Snowy Egret was not as common as the American, but was seen several times around Pacaitun. Nyctanassa violacea violacea Linnaeus Five were seen on a short trip down river from Pacaitun. 202 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24 Mycteria americana Linnaeus Fairly common. They were highly esteemed by the natives as food. Phoenicopterus ruber Linnaeus On January 11, a flock of ten of these were seen flying over the river near Pacaitun from our airplane. This is apparently the first record for the southwest coast of the peninsula, but Flamingos might be expected to wander this far after the breeding season. They were well known to the natives. Sarcoramphus papa Linnaeus One was seen soaring at Matamoros, and when we were flying down to Pacaitun we passed close beside one at an altitude of 1,000 feet. Coragyps atratus atratus Bechstein Ubiquitous. Cathartes aura aura Linnaeus Quite common, but seen singly rather than in flocks. Elanoides forficatus subsp. A flock of nine of these was seen at Pacaitun on February 25. They were flying over the river, slowly working their way upstream, and would frequently swoop down and drink on the wing, like swallows. Several others were seen on subsequent occasions. Chondroheirax uncinatus uncinatus Temminck Chichen Itza, 4 males 1 female, October 10-November 2; Mata- moros, 1 male, December 21. This was a surprisingly common hawk at Chichen Itza. Several others were seen, but were too wild to collect. Rostrhamus sociabilis major Nelson and Goldman Pacaitun, 1 female, February 6. This is a very clearly marked race, since this bird is strikingly larger than any specimen of plumbeus in Field Museum. Accipiter bicolor bicolor Vieillot Chichen Itza, 1 male, November 10. Accipiter striatus velox Wilson Chichen, Itza, 1 female, November 3. 1941 BIRDS FROM YUCATAN — TRAYLOR 203 Buteo magnirostris conspectus Peters Chichen Itza, 2 males, 2 females, October 17-November 3. All these birds are in the immature plumage, with the breast heavily streaked with brown. Buteo magnirostris direptor Peters and Griscom Pacaitun, 4 males, 2 females, January 31-February 4. Three of these birds match exactly a series of direptor from Guatemala, two show an approach to griseocauda, and one is almost as pale as conspectus. Such a mixture is to be expected in an area that is intermediate between the three races, and it is a matter of choice whether to say that all three forms are found here, or that these birds are intermediates showing the closest approach to direptor. Buteo1 nitida2 micrus Miller and Griscom Chichen Itza, 1 female, November 24; Matamoros, 1 male, January 2. Both these birds, and two others from Yucatan in the Field Museum collection fall well within the size limits of the smaller southern race, and the single tail bar in the Matamoros bird bears out the size criterion. Hypomorphnus urubitinga ridgwayi Gurney Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 female, February 1. Spizaetus ornatus vicarius Friedmann Pacaitun, 1 female, January 21. Andrews, while at Tizimin, in northern Yucatan, saw one of these birds that had just been shot by an Indian. Unfortunately he had no opportunity to preserve it, but its presence there gives a surprising extension of range for this species. Spizaetus tyrannus Wied Pacaitun, 1 female, January 19. Circus cyaneus hudsonius Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 1 female, November 1. Herpetotheres cachinnans chapmani Bangs and Penard Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 female, January 13 and February 10. Not uncommon. 1 Van Rossem (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 77, p. 429, 1934) shows that if Rupor- nis is to be combined with Buteo, for the sake of consistency Asturina must be also. 2 Peters, Check-list, 1, p. 240. 204 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24 Micrastur semitorquatus naso Lesson Pacaitun, 1 female, February 17. This was one of a pair that were calling back and forth in the heavy forest near a milpa. The male flew before it could be collected. Micrastur ruficollis guerilla Cassin Pacaitun, 1 male (imm.), January 30. This rare little hawk landed on a log in dense forest about twenty feet from where I was sitting. Falco albigularis albigularis Daudin Chichen Itza, 1 female, October 31; Pacaitun, 1 female, Janu- ary 15. Falco sparverius sparverius Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 1 male, 3 females, October 8-November 16; Mata- moros, 1 female, December 26; Pacaitun, 1 male, February 10. Penelope purpurascens purpurascens Wagler One was shot at Matamoros, and another at Pacaitun, but neither was preserved. Ortalis vetula pallidiventris Ridgway Chichen Itza, 4 males, 2 females, October 21-November 17. Ortalis vetula intermedia Peters Matamoros, 1 male, 3 females, December 18-January 1. Three of these birds are identical in color with specimens from Quintana Roo and Peten. The fourth is as pale below as pallidi- ventris of Yucatan, but retains the isabelline tips on the tail feathers, as in intermedia. Colinus nigrogularis nigrogularis Gould Chichen Itza, 1 male, 3 chicks, November 4-7. The chicks were very young, not more than two or three days old, and were unable to fly. All three were caught on November 4, but we were unable to keep them alive, and the last one died three days later. Odontophorus guttatus guttatus Gould Pacaitun, 1 male, 2 females, January 24-February 23. Agriocharis ocellata Cuvier Pacaitun, 1 female, January 17. 1941 BIRDS FROM YUCATAN— TRAYLOR 205 Twice flocks of fifteen or twenty birds were seen in a milpa by the edge of the forest. The species was also seen at Chichen Itza, but was very wild due to being hunted so much. Aramides cajanea albiventris Lawrence Pacaitun, 2 males, January 28 and February 24. Porphyrula martinica Linnaeus Matamoros, 1 male, December 26. Heliornis f ulica Boddaert Pacaitun, 1 male, January 21. Jacana spinosa gymnostoma Wagler Matamoros, 1 female, December 31. Charadrius vociferus vociferus Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 1 female, October 24. The Killdeer was also found at Pacaitun, where a flock of half a dozen was seen at the "airport" every day. Erolia minutilla Vieillot Pacaitun, 1 male, January 23. Columba flavirostris flavirostris Wagler Chichen Itza, 1 male, October 17; Pacaitun, 1 male, January 28. Columba rufina pallidicrissa Chubb Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 (?), January 28 and February 3. This pigeon was usually found in flocks with flavirostris, but was always in the minority. Zenaida asiatica asiatica Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 2 females, November 13 and 22. Columbigallina passerina pallescens Baird Chichen Itza, 1 male, 1 female, October 26. Columbigallina talpacoti rufipennis Bonaparte Chichen Itza, 1 male, October 25; Matamoros, 1 male, Decem- ber 20. Claravis pretiosa Ferrari-Perez Chichen Itza, 3 males, 2 females, November 7-21; Matamoros, 2 males, 2 females, December 23-24; Pacaitun, 1 female, February 9. 206 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24 At Chichen Itza these birds could be found in the milpas by twos and threes when the corn was being gathered; in Matamoros and Pacaitun flocks of fifteen or twenty were not uncommon. Leptotila verreauxi fulviventris Lawrence Chichen Itza, 1 male, 1 female, October 14 and November 8; Matamoros, 1 female, December 23; Pacaitun, 1 male, February 10. Oreopelia mon tana Linnaeus Pacaitun, 2 females, February 17 and 25. Ara macao Linnaeus At Pacaitun several pairs were seen flying overhead at various times. They were usually along the river, but one pair was seen several miles back from the river in the forest. Aratinga astec astec Souance Chichen Itza, 2 males, November 1 ; Matamoros, 1 male, 1 female, December 22. Pionus senilis decoloratus Griscom Matamoros, 3 males, 1 female, December 21-January 4. Although only a few specimens of typical senilis have been avail- able for comparison, these birds are as dark as any I have seen from Guatemala and Costa Rica, and obviously belong to the southern form. Amazona xantholora G. R. Gray Chichen Itza, 4 males, 2 females, 1 imm.(?), October 24-Novem- ber 11. Many large flocks of parrots were seen at Chichen Itza, some of them numbering at least a hundred birds. In view of the apparent scarcity of xantholora, these must have been flocks mixed with albifrons, although as it happened, all the birds shot were xantholora. I was not able to distinguish the two forms in flight, the white foreheads on both appearing equally prominent. Although xantho- lora is known from British Honduras, it apparently does not reach southern Campeche. Amazona albifrons nana W. de W. Miller Matamoros, 2 males, December 24 and 26. Amazona autumnalis autumnalis Linnaeus Matamoros, 1 female, December 23; Pacaitun, 1 male, January 12. 1941 BIRDS FROM YUCATAN— TRAYLOR 207 These were seen frequently, but rarely more than one or two pairs together. Coccyzus americanus americanus Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 1 male, October 19. Piaya cayana thermophila P. L. Sclater Chichen Itza, 2 males, 1 female (imm.), October 10-31; Mata- moros, 2 males, 1 female, December 19-January 6; Pacaitun, 1 male, January 20. Crotophaga sulcirostris sulcirostris Swanson Chichen Itza, 1 male, October 8; Pacaitun, 1 female, February 11. Dromococcyx phasianellus rufigularis Lawrence PMatamoros, 1 male, December 25. 7 * Tyto alba pratincola Bonaparte Chichen Itza, 1 female, October 15. This bird was shot in the dry cenote near Chichen Itza, where it was apparently nesting in one of the small caves about thirty feet up in the wall. The ovary was much enlarged, one of the egg yolks being more than half an inch in diameter. Otus guatemalae thompsoni Cole Chichen Itza, 1 female, October 23; Pacaitun, 1 female, Febru- ary 26. Both these birds were flushed off the ground in daylight, and lit about four feet up in small trees. The Pacaitun bird shows only a very slight intergradation with guatemalae. Glaucidium brasilianum ridgwayi Sharpe Chichen Itza, 2 females, October 25 and 29; Matamoros, 1 male, 1 female, December 22 and 31; Pacaitun, 1 female, January 29. Nyctibius griseus mexicanus Nelson Pacaitun, 1 male, January 17. Nyctidromus albicollis yucatanensis Nelson Chichen Itza, 1 male, 2 females, October 8-November 2; Mata- moros, 2 males, December 22. Phoethornis adolphi adolphi Gould Pacaitun, 1 female, 1 (?), February 4 and 8. 208 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24 This little hermit was not so uncommon as only two specimens would indicate, but its minute size made it very difficult to collect in a fit state for preservation. Pampa pampa pampa Lesson Chichen Itza, 2 males, 1 female, October 22-November 10; Mata- moros, 1 male, 1 female, December 18 and 28; Pacaitun, 2 males, January 29 and February 4. Although Campeche is included in the range of curvipennis, my birds from there are as dark below, and have as short bills, as typical pampa, and must be referred to that form. Agyrtria Candida Candida Bourcier and Mulsant Chichen Itza, 2 males, 1 female, 1 (?), October 9-November 16; Matamoros, 2 males, December 29 and January 4; Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 female, January 15 and February 20. This form, and Chlorostilbon c. canivetii were by far the most common hummingbirds, both in Yucatan and Campeche. Amazilis tzacatl tzacatl De La Llare Pacaitun, 1 male, 2 females, 1 (?), January 13-22. Amazilis yucatanensis yucatanensis Cabot Chichen Itza, 2 males, 1 female, October 18-November 12; Mata- moros, 3 males, December 26-January 8; Pacaitun, 1 male, Janu- ary 31. Amazilis rutila rutila Delattre Chichen Itza, 2 females, 1 (?), October 22-November 19. Chlorostilbon canivetii canivetii Lesson Chichen Itza, 3 males, 2 females, October 8-24; Matamoros, 1 male, 1 female, December 20 and 26; Pacaitun, 1 male, January 12. Anthracothorax prevostii prevostii Lesson Pacaitun, 2 males, 1 female, January 13-30. Trogon collaris puella Gould Matamoros, 1 male, 1 female, January 1. This pair were the only ones seen of this species. Trogon melanocephala melanocephala Gould Chichen Itza, 4 males, 1 female, October 10-November 14; Mata- moros, 2 males, 2 females, December 19-January 9; Pacaitun, 1 male, 2 females, January 29-February 9. 1941 BIRDS FROM YUCATAN — TRAYLOR 209 The most common trogon; one or more seen almost every day in Campeche. Trogon caligatus sallaei Bonaparte Chichen Itza, 1 male, 1 female, October 29 and November 3; Matamoros, 2 males, 2 females, December 27-January 6. Trogon niassena massena Gould Pacaitun, 1 male, January 24. Megaceryle torquata torquata Linnaeus Pacaitun, 2 males, January 24 and February 3. Frequently seen along the river, usually in pairs. Chloroceryle americana isthmica Goldman Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 female, January 15 and 24. These birds are intermediates, but seem closer to isthmica than to septentrionalis. Chloroceryle aenea stictoptera Ridgway Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 female, January 22 and February 7. This species was not uncommon, but the birds were difficult to collect when flying in and out among the mangrove roots. Eumomota superciliosa superciliosa Sandbach Chichen Itza, 2 males, 1 female, October 23-November 1. Momotus lessonii lessonii Lesson Matamoros, 2 males, 1 female, December 23-January 2; Pacaitun, 1 male, January 16. These birds are intermediates between lessonii and exiguus, of northern Yucatan. Although very little can be determined on the basis of color, because of the wide range of individual variation, in size they average closer to lessonii. Momotus lessonii exiguus Ridgway Chichen Itza, 2 males, 2 females, October 14-November 15. Galbula malanogenia Sclater Pacaitun, 1 female, February 5. The only one seen. Notharchus hyperhynchus dysoni Sclater Matamoros, 1 female, January 3. One other was seen, in the top of a very tall, dead tree. 210 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24 Ramphastos sulfuratus sulf uratus Lesson Chichen Itza, 3 males, 3 females, October 11-17; Matamoros, 2 males, 1 female, December 20-January 8; Pacaitun, 1 female, January 21. These birds, according to the natives, are very rare at Chichen Itza. The flock from which my specimens were collected numbered between twenty and twenty-five birds, and it stayed in the vicinity for at least two weeks. It was apparently composed almost entirely of young birds, since all the specimens collected were birds of the year. Pteroglossus torquatus erythrozonus Ridgway Matamoros, 2 males, 2 females, December 19-January 2. These birds show no approach whatsoever to typical torquatus. Centurus aurifrons dubius Cabot Chichen Itza, 1 male, 1 female, October 9 and 14; Matamoros, 2 females, December 20 and January 8; Pacaitun, 1 male, January 19. The most common woodpecker both in Yucatan and Campeche. Centurus rubriventris rubriventris Swainson Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 female, January 26 and February 16. Much less common than C. a. dubius. It was seen at Chichen Itza, though not collected. Piculus rubiginosus yucatanensis Cabot Chichen Itza, 1 male, 1 female, October 27 and November 1; Matamoros, 4 males, 1 female, December 21-January 9; Pacaitun, 1 male, January 26. Much less common at Chichen Itza than in Campeche. Celeus castaneus Wagler Matamoros, 2 females, January 6 and 9; Pacaitun, 1 female, January 17. Ceophloeus lineatus similis Lesson Matamoros, 1 male, December 22; Pacaitun, 1 female, Jan. 14. Phloeoceastes guatemalensis guatemalensis Hartlaub Chichen Itza, 1 male, October 15; Pacaitun, 1 male, February 17. Veniliornis oleaginus sanguinolentus Sclater Matamoros, 1 male, December 31; Pacaitun, 1 male, 2 females, January 24-February 20. 1941 BIRDS FROM YUCATAN — TRAYLOR 211 Dryobates scalaris parvus Cabot Chichen Itza, 2 males, 2 females, October 12-30; Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 female, January 23 and February 14. It was rather surprising to find this bird in southern Campeche, where the forest is much heavier than in the northern third of the peninsula. All that were seen were in milpas or other clearings. Dendrocolaptes certhia sancti-thomae Lafresnaye Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 female, January 19 and 24. Xiphorhynchus flavigaster yucatanensis Ridgway Chichen Itza, 1 male, 3 females, October 6-November 19; Mata- moros, 3 females, December 21-January 8; Pacaitun, 1 female, !(?), February 11 and 28. Peters (1913, p. 374) says that the majority of the birds of this species that he collected in southern Quintana Roo were closer to flavigaster, but my series from Campeche is indistinguishable from yucatanensis of northern Yucatan. Lepidocolaptes souleyetii insignis Nelson Pacaitun, 1 female, January 26. Sittasomus griseicapillus gracileus Bangs and Peters Chichen Itza, 2 males, 1 female, October 9-21; Matamoros, 1 male, December 30; Pacaitun, 2 males, January 13 and 25. This form and X. f. yucatanensis were the most common wood- hewers. Dendrocincla homochroa homochroa Sclater Chichen Itza, 1 male, October 26; Pacaitun, 1 male, 2 females, January 16-March 1. Dendrocincla anabatina typhla Oberholser Pacaitun, 1 male, 2 females, February 4-20. These birds are intermediate in coloration, but seem to be closer to typhla. Synallaxis erythrothorax erythrothorax Sclater Pacaitun, 2 males, 1 female, January 27-February 14. Xenops minutus mexicanus Sclater Pacaitun, 3 males, 2 females, February 1-26. Thamnophilus doliatus yucatanensis Ridgway Chichen Itza, 2 males, 1 female, November 7-16; Matamoros, 1 212 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24 male, December 27; Pacaitun, 3 males, 4 females, January 26-Feb- ruary 24. Here again we are dealing with a group of birds which are inter- mediates. The three males from Pacaitun are darker than those from Chichen Itza, and one of them, if it stood alone, could probably be called mexicanus. However, the Campeche series as a whole is closer to yucatanensis, and it seems preferable to place them all under that name. This antbird was fairly common, being found mostly in scrubby undergrowth. Dysithamnus mentalis septentrionalis Ridgway Pacaitun, 2 males, February 15 and 23. As far as I can learn, this is the first Mexican record for this antbird. Cercomacra tyrannina crepera Bangs Pacaitun, 3 males, 1 female, February 19-22. This bird had a rather odd distribution at Pacaitun. It was fairly common for a short stretch of trail east of the camp, but was seen nowhere else in the forest. There were no apparent differences in vegetation or topography that would account for this. Formicarius analis pallidus Lawrence Matamoros, 1 male, 2 females, December 24- January 6; Pacaitun, 2 males, 1 female, February 1-9. Although I have not had an opportunity to compare these birds directly with specimens of pallidus, they differ markedly from inter- medius and moniliger by having practically no rufous on the back, and by being paler below. Since these are the diagnostic characters of pallidus, I feel no hesitation in assigning them to that form. These birds were fairly common at Matamoros and Pacaitun; like the tinamous they preferred to escape by running, flying only when hard pressed. Attila spadiceus gaumeri Salvin and Godman Chichen Itza, 1 male, November 24; Matamoros, 3 males, 2 females, December 19-January 9; Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 female, January 15 and February 14. These birds, with the exception of the one from Chichen Itza, are intermediates between gaumeri and flammulatus, but seem to be closer to the former. They are slightly smaller than flammulatus, 1941 BIRDS FROM YUCATAN— TRAYLOR and are less rufous above, particularly on rump and tail. Only two have any yellowish wash on the breast. Pachyramphus major itzensis Nelson Chichen Itza, 1 male, November 15; Pacaitun, 1 female, Febru- ary 14. Platypsaris aglaiae sumichrasti Nelson Matamoros, 1 male, January 6; Pacaitun, 1 female, January 31. The Pacaitun bird is still immature and has the pileum clearly defined, but the Matamoros bird is fully adult and has the pileum and upper back jet black, and the pink on the breast restricted. Platypsaris aglaiae yucatanensis Ridgway Chichen Itza, 2 males, 3 females, November 2-21. Tityra semifasciata personata Jardine and Selby Matamoros, 3 males, 2 females, December 29-January 8; Pacai- tun, 1 male, 1 female, January 12. Tityra semifasciata deses Bangs Chichen Itza, 1 male, 2 females, October 9-23. None of these specimens is actually separable from a large series of personata, although they are topotypes of deses. However, there is a male in Field Museum from "Yucatan," which shows the described characters of paler back and nearly white under parts very clearly. It seems that this is a rather weak race in which the characters are found in only a limited number of specimens. Erator albitorques fraserii Kaup Chichen Itza, 1 male, 1 female, November 16 and 21; Matamoros, 1 male, December 27. Pipra mentalis mentalis Sclater Matamoros, 3 males, December 27-January 3; Pacaitun, 2 males, 2 females, January 15-27. Manacus candei Parzudalri Pacaitun, 1 male, February 14. Schiffornis turdinus verae-pacis Sclater and Salvin Pacaitun, 4 males, January 15-February 9. Two of these birds were in breeding condition. This species was surprisingly common, considering that it has been recorded only once before from Mexico, at Playa Vicente, Vera Cruz. 214 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24 Pyrocephalus rubinus blatteus Bangs Progreso, 1 male, 1 female, March 19. This pair was collected just outside of Progreso on one of our many attempts to settle our customs difficulties. Vermilion fly- catchers, almost certainly belonging to this subspecies, were seen several times at Pacaitun, but I was unable to collect any. Tyrannus melancholicus chloronotus Berlepsch Chichen Itza, 2 males, 1 female, October 12-30; Matamoros, 1 female, January 1. One of the male birds from Chichen Itza had the mandible deformed, so that it hooked over like a cross-bill. Although it was in otherwise healthy condition, it was unable to pick off lice, and consequently was infested with them. Megarhynchus pitangua mexicanus Lafresnaye Chichen Itza, 1 male, 1 female, October 11 and 13; Matamoros, 1 male, 2 females, December 19-January 4; Pacaitun, 1 female, February 3. Miozetetes similis superciliosus Bonaparte Chichen Itza, 1 female, October 14; Matamoros, 2 males, Decem- ber 26 and January 8. Pitangus sulfuratus guatimalensis Lafresnaye Matamoros, 2 males, January 2 and 5; Pacaitun, 1 male, Febru- ary 10. These birds are definitely representatives of the smaller, darker, southern form. One of the Matamoros specimens was feeding in the midst of some army ants. M yiarchus crinitus Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 2 males, November 7 and 11. This is the first recording of the Crested Flycatcher from Yucatan. Myiarchus tyrannulus nelsoni Ridgway Chichen Itza, 3 females, October 28-November 22. These are slightly darker above than the series of skins in Field Museum, but since all of the latter are thirty years old, this is undoubtedly due to fading. 1941 BIRDS FROM YUCATAN— TRAYLOR 215 Myiarchus yucatanensis Lawrence Chichen Itza, 1 male, October 28; Matamoros, 1 male, December 18; Pacaitun, 2 males, January 23 and February 14. This is a considerable extension of range for this species, which previously was known only from the northern third of the peninsula. Myiarchus tuberculifer platyrhynchus Ridgway Chichen Itza, 2 males, 4 females, October 7-November 14; Pacaitun, 4 males, 1 female, January 23-February 14. The rapid plumage changes effected by wear are well illustrated by these two series, for contrary to the usual situation, the fall birds from Chichen Itza are darker yellow below than the winter birds from Pacaitun. Myiochanes cinereus brachytarsus Sclater Pacaitun, 1 male, February 3. Empidonax minimus Baird Chichen Itza, 2 males, 1 female, October 6-7; Matamoros, 1 male, December 21. Myiobius sulphureipygius sulphureipygius Sclater Pacaitun, 1 male, 2 females, February 11-26. Onychorhynchus mexicanus mexicanus Sclater Chichen Itza, 1 male, November 9; Matamoros, 1 female, December 28; Pacaitun, 1 female, February 27. The female from Pacaitun was only wing-tipped, and when finally captured gave an excellent demonstration of the crest display, which is so well described in the Biologia Centrali-Americana. The crest was erected into a wide semi-circle, and the head was rotated slowly back and forth, giving a very weird effect. Platyrinchus cancrominus Sclater and Salvin Pacaitun, 1 male, February 15. Tolmomyias sulphurescens cinereiceps Sclater Pacaitun, 1 female, February 24. This specimen is rather curious in having several white feathers in the crown. There is no other sign of albinism. Rhynchocyclus brevirostris brevirostris Cabanis Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 female, January 26 and February 17. 216 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24 Todirostrum cinereum finitimum Bangs Pacaitun, 1 female, January 24. Oncostoma cinereigulare cinereigulare Sclater Pacaitun, 1 male, 2 females, February 12-27. Elainea flavogaster subpagana Sclater and Salvin Pacaitun, 1 male, February 3. This specimen is very different from the general run of E. j. subpagana. It is a very pale bird; the belly has only a light yellow wash, and the throat is a very pale gray, almost white. Above there is only a slight olive tinge, and the wing bars and edgings on the secondaries are very light grayish brown, without any trace of olive or buff. The wing and tail measurements are well within the range of subpagana, although the exposed culmen is 12+ mm., about the maximum for the group. I have not been able to match this with any specimens of subpagana that I have seen, but for lack of series, it must obviously be referred to that form. Pipromorpha oleaginea assimilis Sclater Chichen Itza, 1 male, November 13; Matamoros, 2 males, 1 female, December 20-24; Pacaitun, 1 female, February 21. This is the first record of this species from northern Yucatan, although Griscom records it from the east coast (1926, p. 14). Stelgidopteryx ruficollis ridgwayi Nelson Chichen Itza, 2 males, 3 females, October 9-November 3. This is a very well-marked subspecies. At least a hundred or more of these birds roosted under the porch roof at the hacienda, and one was collected in a large cave in a cenote. Iridoprocne albilinea Lawrence Pacaitun, 1 male, January 15. This swallow was very common along the river. Psilorhinus niexicanus cyanogenys Sharpe Matamoros, 1 female, December 19; Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 female, January 24 and 27. This bird is as much of a pest as our own Blue Jay, following the hunter for long distances and scaring everything away with its screaming. 1941 BIRDS FROM YUCATAN— TRAYLOR 217 Xanthoura luxuosa maya van Rossem Chichen Itza, 1 male, 1 female, October 17 and 23; Matamoros, 3 females, December 24-January 1. The Matamoros specimens show no approach in size to centralis of Guatemala and northern Honduras. Gissolopha yucatanica yucatanica Dubois Chichen Itza, 1 male, 1 female, October 21 and November 24. Cissolopha yucatanica rivularis Brodkorb Matamoros, 1 male, 1 female, December 24. Only the male is fully adult and with the black bill, but its measurements are slightly larger than the maximum of a series of eight birds from northern Yucatan. There is only a slight color difference in the male, and none in the female. Thryothorus albinucha albinucha Cabot Chichen Itza, 1 male, November 20. Thryothorus rutilus canobrunneus Ridgway Chichen Itza, 2 males, 1 female, October 12-November 12; Matamoros, 2 males, December 21 and January 8; Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 female, January 25 and February 2. The birds from Campeche begin to show an approach to um- brinus in the intensity of spotting on the breast. Henichorhina leucosticta prostheleuca Sclater Pacaitun, 1 male, February 1. Nannorchilus leucogaster brachyurus Lawrence Chichen Itza, 2 males, 3 females, October 6-26; Matamoros, 2 males, December 31 and January 3; Pacaitun, 2 males, 1 female, January 19-February 13. Melanoptila glabrirostris Sclater Chichen Itza, 1 (?), October 18. This is the first record of this form from Chichen Itza, as it is confined to the coast for the most part. However, it has been reported from Ixtinta in Peten by Van Tyne (1935, p. 36) so it may range farther inland than has been expected. Dumetella carolinensis Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 2 males, October 17 and 18; Matamoros, 1 male, January 9. One of the commonest winter visitants. 218 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24 Mimus gilvus clarus van Rossem Pacaitun, 1 male, 2 females, January 12-February 3. Turdus grayi tamaulipensis Nelson Chichen Itza, 1 male, October 11; Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 female, January 16 and 25. Hylocichla mustelina Gmelin Pacaitun, 1 male, January 25. A common winter visitant. Hylocichla ustulata ustulata Nuttall Matamoros, 1 male, 1 female, December 20 and 22. Polioptila caerulea deppei van Rossem Chichen Itza, 2 males, October 7 and 24; Pacaitun, 1 male, February 12. Ramphocaenus rufiventris rufiventris Bonaparte Chichen Itza, 2 males, November 9-20; Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 (?), January 18 and 21. It is rather surprising that there are no records of this bird from northern Yucatan, a region that has been thoroughly collected, since I found it not uncommon at Chichen Itza. Anthus spinoletta rubescens Tunstall Chichen Itza, !(?), November 1. This was a rather unexpected migrant. It was collected by Mr. Andrews, along the road from Chichen Itza to Piste. Vireo griseus griseus Boddaert Chichen Itza, 2 males, 1 female, October 10-November 5; Matamoros, 1 male, December 20; Pacaitun, 1 female, January 20. Vireo flavifrons Vieillot Chichen Itza, 1 female, October 6. Hylophilus ochraceiceps ochraceiceps Sclater Pacaitun, 2 males, February 4 and 11. Hylophilus decurratus decurtatus Bonaparte Pacaitun, 1 male, February 13. Cyclarhis gujanensis yucatanensis Ridgway Chichen Itza, 5 males, October 19-November 12. This species seems to prefer scrubby brush. 1941 BIRDS FROM YUCATAN— TRAYLOR 219 Chlorophanes spiza guatemalensis Sclater Pacaitun, 1 female, January 31. This is the first record of this species from Mexico. Only one was seen. Mniotilta varia Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 1 male, 1 female (?), October 12-November 9; Pacaitun, 1 female, January 27. Protonotaria citrea Boddaert Chichen Itza, 2 males, October 7 and 18. Limnothlypis swainsonii Audubon Pacaitun, 1 male, January 15. Compsothlypis americana pusilla Wilson Pacaitun, 1 male, January 30. Dendroica aestiva rubiginosa Pallas Pacaitun, 1 male, February 19. Dendroica magnolia Wilson Chichen Itza, 1 male, October 7. Dendroica pensylvanica Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 2 males, 1 female, October 6-9. This warbler has been recorded only once before from Yucatan. Seiurus aurocapillus aurocapillus Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 1 male, 1 female, October 24 and November 13; Matamoros, 1 male, December 19. A very common winter bird. Oporornis formosus Wilson Pacaitun, 1 male, January 19. Geothlypis trichas brachidactyla Swainson Chichen Itza, 1 female, !(?), October 8 and 19. Chamaethlypis poliocephala palpebralis Ridgway Chichen Itza, 1 male, October 19; Pacaitun, 1 female, February 15. Icteria virens virens Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 2 males, 1 female, October 18-November 17; Matamoros, 1 female, December 20. 220 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24 Granatellus sallaei boucardi Ridgway Chichen Itza, 2 males (ad.), 2 males (imm.), October 18-Nov. 20; Matamoros, 1 male, 2 females, December 21- January 3. I was surprised to find this species not uncommon. It was always found near the ground in heavy brush, and consequently was not very easy to collect. The young males are very like the females, having only slightly more slate blue on the back. Wilsonia citrina Boddaert Chichen Itza, 1 male, November 12; Matamoros, 1 male, December 21; Pacaitun, 1 female, January 22. Setophaga ruticilla Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 2 males, October 25 and 29; Matamoros, 1 female, December 22. Gymnostinops montezuma Lesson Pacaitun, 1 male, February 6. This Oropendola was uncommon, only one other being seen. Amblycercus holosericeus holosericeus Lichtenstein Chichen Itza, 1 female, !(?), October 19 and November 20; Matamoros, 1 male, 1 female, December 25 and 28. These birds are as much trouble to skin as the woodpeckers, due to the very heavy musculature on the head. Tangavius aeneus aeneus Wagler Pacaitun, 2 females, January 18 and February 8. Cassidix mexicanus mexicanus Gmelin Chichen Itza, 2 females, November 2; Pacaitun, 1 male, Janu- ary 21. Dives dives dives Lichtenstein Chichen Itza, 1 female, October 30; Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 female, January 18 and February 12. Icterus galbula Linnaeus Matamoros, 1 female, December 20. Icterus spurius Linnaeus Pacaitun, 1 male, 1 female, January 31. Several flocks of the Orchard Oriole were seen. 1941 BIRDS FROM YUCATAN — TRAYLOR 221 Icterus prosthemelas prosthemelas Strickland Chichen Itza, 1 male, 2 females, October 27-November 10; Matamoros, 3 males, 2 females, December 18-January 4; Pacaitun, 2 males, 1 female, January 12-February 14. Only three birds out of this series are adult, the rest showing various degrees of immaturity. Icterus mesomelas mesomelas Wagler Matamoros, 1 female, December 18; Pacaitun, 1 female, Febru- ary 17. Icterus chrysater chrysater Lesson Pacaitun, 1 female, January 21. Icterus auratus Bonaparte Chichen Itza, 1 male, 1 female, October 27 and 28. This species was not found in southern Campeche, and it is apparently confined to the northern third of the peninsula. Icterus gularis yucatanensis Berlepsche Chichen Itza, 2 males, 4 females, October 7-November 4; Matamoros, 1 male, 1 female, December 29 and January 6. Icterus cucullatus igneus Ridgway Pacaitun, 1 male, February 15. Although I have not seen any specimens of masoni, which is found on the east coast of the peninsula and in northern British Honduras, this specimen shows no approach to the characters ascribed to that form, and belongs to the race of northern Yucatan. Agelaius phoeniceus matudae Brodkorb Pacaitun, 3 males, 1 female, January 12-February 15. There is no question that these birds are considerably smaller than the surrounding race, nelsoni, of Vera Cruz and northern Yucatan. Tanagra affinis Lesson Chichen Itza, 1 male, October 29. Tanagra lauta lauta Bangs and Penard Chichen Itza, 2 males, October 12 and 26; Pacaitun, 2 males, January 23 and February 11. Thraupis abbas Lichtenstein Pacaitun, 2 males, January 21 and February 14. 222 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24 Piranga rubra rubra Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 1 male, 2 females, October 16-November 17; Matamoros, 1 male, January 8; Pacaitun, 1 male, 2 females, January 16-February 8. A very common winter visitant. Piranga roseo-gularis roseo-gularis Cabot Chichen Itza, 2 males (imm.), 2 females, October 10-November 4 ; Pacaitun, 3 males, 2 females, January 16-February 8. This species was rather more common than expected. Three of the birds from Pacaitun were shot the same day out of some kind of fruit tree. As a rule, however, they seem to be solitary in habits, since that was the only occasion on which more than one was seen. Habia rubica rubicoides Lafresnaye Matamoros, 3 males, 1 female, December 22- January 4; Pacaitun, 2 males, 1 female, January 27-28. Habia gutteralis littoralis Nelson Matamoros, 3 males, 2 females, December 18-January 2; Pacaitun, 1 male, January 20. These birds are intermediate in size between littoralis and peninsularis, but in color they match littoralis quite closely. Habia gutteralis peninsularis Ridgway Chichen Itza, 3 males (ad.), 2 males (imm.), 2 females, October 16-November 11. This was the only ant tanager at Chichen Itza. H. r. nelsoni occurs there, but none were seen. Lanio aurantius aurantius Lafresnaye Pacaitun, 4 females, January 17-February 23. No males were seen. Eucometis penicillata pallida Berlepsch Pacaitun, 2 males, 2 females, January 24-February 2. Saltator atriceps atriceps Lesson Matamoros, 3 males, 1 female, December 18-January 3; Pacaitun, 2 males, February 7 and 10. Saltator atriceps raptor Cabot Chichen Itza, 5 males, October 7-November 7. 1941 BIRDS FROM YUCATAN — TRAYLOR 223 This series of birds is clearly distinguishable from typical atriceps by the paler gray of the under parts; the race raptor seems to be a valid one. Griscom, however, fails to recognize it, and possibly it is a weak race in which the diagnostic characters are absent in a certain number of birds. Saltator coerulescens yucatanensis Berlepsch Pacaitun, 3 males, 3 females, January 13-February 15. This species was very common at Pacaitun, but was not seen at Matamoros, only fifteen miles away. Caryothraustes poliogaster poliogaster DuBus Pacaitun, 3 males, January 17. These three birds were collected out of a large flock that was traveling along well up in the trees. Another large flock was seen at a later date, but none were collected from it. Richmondena cardinalis yucatanica Ridgway Merida, 1 male, March 19; Chichen Itza, 4 males, 3 females, October 14-28; Matamoros, 2 males, 3 females, December 18-26; Pacaitun, 2 males, 2 females, January 15-February 5. In this series from the peninsula, there is no variation at all between birds from the north and from the extreme south, and yucatanica apparently ranges over the whole peninsula, with the exception of extreme southeastern Quintana Roo, where flammigera is found. Hedymeles ludovicianus Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 2 males, 1 (?), November 7-18; Pacaitun, 1 male, January 22. Guiraca caerulea caerulea Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 1 male, 1 female, 1 (?), October 28-November 19. The Blue Grosbeak was also common at Pacaitun. Cyanocompsa parellina parellina Bonaparte Chichen Itza, 2 males, 1 female, November 8-22; Matamoros, 3 males, 3 females, December 23-January 8; Pacaitun, 2 males, January 12 and 18. The two Pacaitun males show an approach to dearborni in having somewhat brighter blue below, but they are closer to typical parellina. 224 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24 Cyanocompsa cyanoides concreta DuBus Matamoros, 1 male, January 4; Pacaitun, 2 males, 4 females, January 13-February 28. Passerina cyanea Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 2 males, October 24 and November 9; Pacaitun, 1 (?), February 11. Passerina ciris ciris Linnaeus Chichen Itza, 4 males, 1 female, October 21-November 15; Matamoros, 1 male, December 21. Both the Indigo and Painted Buntings were very common winter visitants at all collecting sites. Sporophila torqueola morelleti Bonaparte Matamoros, 2 males, December 19 and 24; Pacaitun, 1 male, January 18. Volatinia jacarina splendens Vieillot Chichen Itza, 1 male, 1 female, October 16 and 18; Pacaitun, 1 male, January 16. Spinus psaltria jouyi Ridgway Chichen Itza, 1 male, November 15. Arremonops rufivirgatus verticalis Ridgway Chichen Itza, 1 male, 1 female, November 2. Arremonops conirostris chloronotus Salvin Chichen Itza, 2 females, November 1 and 12; Pacaitun, 3 males, January 13-26. This was the more common Arremonops at Chichen Itza, and was the only one seen in southern Campeche. REFERENCES CHAPMAN, F. M. 1896. Notes on Birds Observed in Yucatan. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 8, pp. 271-290. (Contains a discussion of the geography of the peninsula, and a bibliography of previous works.) COLE, L. J. 1906. Aves from Yucatan. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 50, pp. 109-146. (A more complete list of Chichen Itza birds than that of Chapman.) PETERS, J. L. 1913. List of Birds Collected in the Territory of Quintana Roo. Auk, 30, pp. 367-380. (This collection was made along the border of British Hon- duras, and contains several records unique for the peninsula.) 1941 BIRDS FROM YUCATAN— TRAYLOR 225 GRISCOM, LUDLOW 1926. The Ornithological Results of the Mason-Spinden Expedition. Amer. Mus. Nov., 235, 19 pp. (An excellent discussion of the geographical rela- tionships of the Yucatan avifauna.) 1926a. Ibid., 236, 13 pp. (Deals with the birds of Chinchorro Bank and Cozumel Island.) VAN TYNE, JOCBLYN 1935. The birds of northern Peten, Guatemala. Misc. Pub., Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 27, 46 pp. (An excellent paper on the region adjoining Campeche to the south.) UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBAN*