Historic, archived document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. 7 5 A4 W | United States Department of the Interior, Oscar L. Chapman, Secretary Fish and Wildlife Service, Albert M. Day, Director Wildlife Leaflet 327 Washington 25, D. C. May 1950 BIRDS PROTECTED BY FEDERAL LAW By Frederick C. Lincoln, Biologist 1/ Office of the Director THE CONVENTIONS The Convention between the United States and Great Britain for the protection of migratory birds in the United States and Canada was signed at Washington, D. C., on August 16, 1916. The plenipoten- tiaries signing this document were American Secretary of State Robert Lansing, and British Ambassador Cecil Spring Rice. Ratifications of the two countries were exchanged on December 7, and the Convention was proclaimed by President Wilson on December 8, 1916. To give effect to this Convention, Congress passed the Migratory Bird Treaty Act which was approved on July 3, 1918. The constitutionality of the Treaty and of this Act was upheld by the Supreme Court in a deci- sion rendered on April 19, 1920. An Act of the Canadian Parliament approved August 29, 1917 gave full effect to the Convention in Canada and this was upheld by the Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island at the Michaelmas term in 1920. 1/ As a member of the Committee on Classification and Nomenclature of the American Ornithologists' Union, the author has had access to the material collected by that agency. Also in an effort to assure the greatest possible accuracy, the list has been examined by Dr. Clarence Cottam, Assistant Director, and by Dr. John W. Aldrich, Chief, Section of Distribution and Migration of Birds. The legal questions involved have been checked by Donald J. Chaney, Chief Counsel. . 4 ; ¢ : } ; . { J * i Fin ag Rey The Convention between the United States of America and the Unitec Mexican States for the protection of migratory birds and game mammals was signed at Mexico City on February 7, 1936, the plenipoten- tiaries being Ambassador Josephus Daniels and Mexican General Eduardo Hay. This Convention was duly ratified by the participating countries and the ratifications were exchanged in Washington, D. C. on March 15, 1937. It was proclaimed by President Roosevelt on: the same day. To cover the additional provisions of this Convention, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act was amended by an Act of Congress approved on June 20, 1936. Article I of the Convention with Great Britain provides that: "The high contracting powers declare that the migratory birds included in the terms of this convention shall be as follows: l. Migratory game birds: (a) Anatidae or waterfowl, including brant, wild ducks, geese, and swans. (b) Gruidae or cranes, including little brown, sandhill and whooping cranes. (c) Rallidae or rails, including coots, gallinules, and sora and other rails. (a) Limicolae or shorebirds, including avocets, curlews, dowitchers, godwits, knots, oyster catchers, phala- ropes, plovers, sandpipers, snipe, stilts, surf birds, turnstones, #illet, woodcock, and yellowlegs. (e) Columbidae or pigeons, including doves and wild pigeons. 2. Migratory insectivorous birds: Bobolinks, catbirds, chickadees, cuckoos, flickers, flycatchers, gros- beaks, humming birds, kinglets, martins, meadow- larks, nighthawks or bull-bats, nut-hatches, orioles, robins, shrikes, swallows, swifts, tanagers, titmice, ‘thrushes, vireos, warblers, wax-wings, whippoorwills, woodpeckers, and wrens, and all other perching birds which feed entirely or chiefly on insects. 3. Other migratory nongame birds: Auks, auklets, bitterns, fulmars, gannets, grebes, guillemots, gulls, herons, jaegers, loons, murres, petrels, puffins, shearwaters, ana terns." a 1 On the basis of this pronouncement the Secretary of Agriculture v adopted regulations which were approved by the President. These provided open seasons, bag limits, and other features to govern the hunting of some of the game species, and to regulate the taking, for any purpose, of the migratory insectivorous and other nongame birds. In connection with this last, a list was prepared of the species considered as coming under the pro- tection of the Federal law. This list, known as "Report of Migratory Birds and Their Eggs Taken for Scientific Purposes" (Form 3-430a), is well known to the holders of scientific collecting permits, who each year use it in reporting to the Service the specimens of the various species that they have taken and ex- changed. Article IV of the Convention with Mexico states that: "The high contracting parties declare that for the purpose of the present convention the following birds shall be considered migratory: Migratory game birds: Migratory nongame birds (Cont.): Familia Anatidae Familia Hirundinidae Familia ‘Gruidae Familia Paridae Familia Rallidae Familia Certhiidae Familia Charadriidae Familia Troglodytidae Familia Scolopacidae Familia Turdidae Familia Recurvirostridae Familia Mimidae Familia Phalaropodidae Familia Sylviidae Familia Columbidae Familia Motacillidae Familia Bombycillidae Migratory nongame birds: Familia Ptilogonatidae Familia Laniidae Familia Cuculidae Familia Vireonidae Familia Caprimulgidae Familia Compsothlypidae Familia Micropodidae Familia Icteridae Familia Trochilidae Familia Thraupidae Familia Picidae Familia Fringillidae Familia Tyrannidae Familia Alaudidae i/ Under the provisions of the Reorganization Act of April 3, 1939 and Reorganization Plan No. II, of May 9, 1939, the Bureau of Biological Survey, of the Department of Agriculture, and the Bureau of Fisheries, of the Department of Commerce, were transferred to the Depart— ment of the Interior, effective July 1, 1939. This had the effect of transferring to the Secretary of the Interior, wildlife functions that were formerly those of the Secretary of Agriculture. Under the provisions of Reorganization Plan No. III, of April 2,1940, the two bureaus were consolidated to form the Fish and Wildlife Service. Others which the Presidents of the United States of America and the United Mexican States may determine by common agreement." Following ratification of this later Convention the list of protected birds underwent a major revision with the addition of many species that were thus brought under Federal administration. The lan- guage of the first part of Article IV of the Mexican Convention should be carefully noted since it clearly indicates that any species (or one of its subspecies) that is a member of one of the named Families and that is found in both Mexico and the United States, is under the pro- tection of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. The question as to whether it is migratory in fact is immaterial. This view was upheld in a Fed- eral Court decision rendered at Brunswick, Georgia on March 14, 1949 in the cases of several hunters who were accused of hunting Clapper Rails by a method that is prohibited under the Federal Regulations. OTHER FEDERAL LAWS PROTECTING OTHER BIRDS In 1924 Congress passed "An Act to establish an Alaska Game Commission" (approved January 13, 1925). This law provides wildlife protection in the Territory of Alaska in a manner similar to that pro- vided by the laws of the several States. Both game and nongame birds are defined, the former including those named in the Migratory Bird Treaty Act and in addition, the several species of grouse and ptarmigan, while the nongame species include: "Ali wild birds except game birds." Section 9 of this Act authorizes and directs the Secretary of the Interior to adopt regulations that will govern the taking of "game animals, fur animals, game birds, nongame birds, and nests and eggs of birds, and game fishes" in Alaska. Under the regulations currently in force no protection is accorded crows, hawks, owls, eagles, ravens, magpies, and cormorants, and their nests and eggs. The birds of prey, although (with very few exceptions) well deserving the protection of the Federal Government, are not mentioned in either of the two action conventions currently in effect. Asa result, the Bald Eagle, adopted in 1782 by the Continental Congress as our national symbol, has been subjected to unwarranted persecution and charges of predation upon livestock and other human interests. To accord this bird its proper status, Congress passed the Protection of the Bald Eagle Act which was approved on June 8, 1940. This Act specifically excepts the Bald Eagles in Alaska from protection. LIST OF PROTECTED SPECIES Knowledge of the distribution and migration of American birds has continued to advance. Also, as the birds themselves have increased or decreased in numbers — frequently because of man-made changes in their habitats - their ranges have been expanded or restricted. For example, the Laughing Gull was not included in the original list as it was not then found in Canada. It has, however, been steadily extending its range to the northward and at least two breeding colonies are now known to be flourishing in the Province of Nova Scotia. Tufted Titmouse which is now found regularly in the southern part of eastern Canada. This also is true of the On the basis of a critical study of the ranges of all North American birds coming within the scope of the two Conventions and of Federal Court decisions in support thereof, a revised list of the species now considered as under the protection of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, has been prepared. When a species is named, it includes all of its sub- species or geographic races. Included in this list are the additional species that are protected only in Alaska. These are so designated by an asterisk (*). The names used are chiefly those that have been accepted by the Committee on Classification and Nomenclature of the American Ornithologists’ Union and which will appear in the fifth edition of the Check-List of North American Birds. Where important changes have been made in the common names, the old name (A.0.U.Check-List, 1931 ed.) is given in parenthesis. The list is here presented for the information and guidance of all those concerned: A.O.U. ‘No. Common Name Loons: i Common Loon 8 Yellow-billed Loon 10 Arctic Loon (Pacific) 2: Red-throated Loon Grebes: Red-necked Grebe (Holboell's) Horned Grebe Eared Grebe Western Grebe Pied-billed Grebe OrErWD MeEOslue No. *81 ¥82 Common Name Albatrosses: Black-footed Albatross Short-tailed Albatross Petrels and Shearwaters: 96 95 B 95 o1 nk 89 88 Slender—billed Shearwater Sooty Shearwater Black-vented Shearwater Pale-footed Shearwater Pink-footed Shearwater Greater Shearwater Cinereous Shearwater (Cory's) A.O.U. No. Common Name Petrels and Shearwaters (cont.) 96.2 New Zealand Shearwater #99 Scaled Petrel *98 .3 Cook's Petrel 86 Fulmar (Atlantic and Pacific) 105 Fork-tailed Petrel 106 Leach's Petrel 109 Wilson's Petrel Gannets: aay Gannet Herons: 194 Great Rlue Heron 196 Egret (American) 197 Snowy Egret 200 Little Blue Heron 201 Green Heron 202 Black-crowned Night Heron 190 American Bittern 191 Least Bittern Geese and Swans: 1280 Whistling Swan 181 Trumpeter Swan e2 Canada Goose 173-4 Brant (American and Black) 175 Barnacle Goose 176 Enperor Goose alk White-fronted Goose 169 Snow Goose 169.1 Blue Goose LO Ross's Goose Ducks: aL AA Black-bellied Tree Duck 178 Fulvous Tree Duck 132 Mallard aie hc yea Mexican Duck (New Mexican) 133 Black Duck 134 Mottled Duck (Florida and Louisiana) A.O.U. No. Conamon Name 135 143 138 139 140 141 136 137 142 144 146 150 148 Ducks (cont.) Gadwall Pintail European Teal Green-winged Teal Blue-winged Teal Cinnamon Teal European Widgeon American Widgeon Shoveler Wood Duck Redhead Ring-necked Duck Canvasback Greater Scaup Lesser Scaup American Goldeneye Barrow's Goldeneye Bufflehead Old-squaw Harlequin Duck Steller's Eider Common Eider (Northern, American, etc.) King Hider Spectacled Eider White-winged Scoter Surf Scoter Common Scoter Ruddy Duck Masked Duck Hooded Merganser American Merganser Red-breasted Merganser Eagles: Bald Eagle Grouse and Ptarmigan: Blue Grouse (Sooty and Sitka) Spruce Grouse (Alaska and Valdez) Franklin's Grouse Ruffed Grouse #3C1 *302 #304, *308 204 205 208 210 212 214 215 216 218 219 22k 286 287 27h 277 278 280 273 281 272 270 262 283 2&h, 228 230 264, 265 A.C.U. No. Common Name Grouse and Psarmigan (cont.): “Willow Ptarmigan (Alaska, Alexander's, etc.) Rock Ptarmigan (Nelson's, Kellogg's, etc.) White-tailed Ptarmigan Sharp-tailed Grouse Cranes: Whooping Crane Sandhill Crane (Little Brown and Florida) Rails and Gallinules: King Rail Clapper Rail Virginia Rail Sora Yellow Rail Black Rail Purple Gallinule Florida Gallinule American Coot Shorebirds: Anerican Oystercatcher Black Oystercatcher Ringed Plover (Semipalmated) Piping Plover Snowy Plover Thick-billed Plover (Wilson's) Killdeer Mountain Plover American Golden Plover (Atlantic and Pacific) Black=bellied Plover Surfbird Turnstone (Ruddy) Black Turnstone American Woodcock Common Snipe (Wilson's) Long-billed Curlew Whimbrel (Hudsonian Curlew) A.O3U« No. Common Name Shorebirds (cont.):; Bristle=-thighed Curlew Eskimo Curlew Upland Plover Spotted Sandpiper Solitary Sandpiper Wandering Tattler Willet Greater Yellow-legs Lesser Yellowlegs American Knot Purple Sandpiper Rock Sandpiper (Aleutian) Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Pectoral Sandpiper White-rumped Sandpiper Baird's Sandpiper Least Sandpiper Rufous-necked Sandpiper Curlew Sandpiper Dunlin (Red-backed Sandpiper) Dowitcher Stilt Sandpiper Semipalmated Sandpiper Western Sandpiper Buff-breasted Sandpiper Marbled Godwit Pacific Bar-tailed Godwit Hudsonian Godwit Sanderling American Avocet Black=necked Stilt Red Phalarope Wilson's Phalarope Northern Phalarope Skuas and Jaegers: Pomarine Jaeger Parasitic Jaeger Long-tailed Jaeger Northern Skua Gulls: _Glaucous Gull A.O.U. No. Common Name Gulls (cont.): Iceland Gull Glaucous-winged Gull Great Black-backed Gull Slaty=-backed Gull Western Gull Herring Gull California Gull Ring-billed Gull Short=-billed Common Gull Laughing Gull Franklin's Gull Bonaparte's Gull Heerman's Gull Ivory Gull Kittiwake (Atlantic and Pacific) Red-legged Kittiwake Ross's Gull Sabine's Gull Terns: Gull-billed Tern Forster's Tern Common Tern Arctic Tern Roseate Tern Aleutian Tern Least Tern Sandwich Tern (Cabot's) Caspian Tern American Black Tern Auks: Razor=-bill Murre (Atlantic, California, etc.) A.O.U. No. 314 312 313 317 319 316 320 321 318 322.1 386a 387 388 385 383 384 416 L17 418 Thick-billed Murre (Brunnich's) 419 Dovekie Plack Guillemot Pigeon Guillemot Marbled Murrelet Kittlitz's Murrelet Ancient Murrelet 420 42l Common Name Auks (cont.): Cassin's Auklet Parakeet Auklet Crested Auklet Least Auklet Whiskered Auklet Rhinoceros Auklet Atlantic Puffin Horned Puffin Tufted Puffin Pigeons and Doves: White-crowned Pigeon Band—tailed Pigeon Red-billed Pigeon Zenaida Dove White-winged Dove Mourning Dove Ground Dove Inca Dove White-fronted Dove Quail Dove (Ruddy) Cuckoos: Mangrove Cuckoo (Maynard's) Yellow-billed Cuckoo Black-billed Cuckoo Roadrunner Smooth=billed Ani Groove-billed Ani Goatsuckers: Chuck-will's-widow Whip-poor-will Poor-will Paraque (Merrill's) Common Nighthawk (Eastern, Western, etc.) Lesser Nighthawk (Texas) A.O.U. No. Common Name Swifts: 422 Black Swift 423 Chimney Swift 42h Vaux's Swift 425 White-throated Swift Hummingbirds: Lucifer Hummingbird Ruby-throated Hummingbird Black-chinned Hummingbird Costa's Hummingbird Anna's Hummingbird Broad-tailed Hummingbird Rufous Hummingbird Allen's Hummingbird Heloise's Hummingbird Calliope Hummingbird Rivoli's Hummingbird Blue-throated Hummingbird Buff-bellied Hummingbird White-eared Hummingbird Broad-—billed Hummingbird Kingfishers; Belted Kingfisher Woodpeckers: Yellow-shafted Flicker (Northern and Southern) Red-shafted Flicker Gilded Flicker Pileated Woodpecker Red-bellied Woodpecker Golden-fronted Woodpecker Gila Woodpecker Red-headed Woodpecker Acorn Woodpecker (Ant- eating, California, etc.) Lewis's Woodpecker Sapsucker (Yellow-bellied, Red=-naped, etc.) Williamson's Sapsucker Hairy Woodpecker Downy Woodpecker A.O.U. No. Common Name Woodpeckers (cont.): 396 SM 398 399 400 401 Ladder-backed Woodpecker (Texas, Cactus, etc.) Nuttall's Woodpecker Arizona Woodpecker White-headed Woodpecker Arctic Three-toed Wood- pecker American Three-toed Woodpecker Flycatchers: Eastern Kingbird Gray Kingbird Tropical Kingbird (Couch's) Western Kingbird (Arkansas) Cassin's Kingbird Fork-tailed Flycatcher Scissor—-tailed Flycatcher Kiskadee Flycatcher (Derby) Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher Crested Flycatcher (Northern and Southern) Lesser Crested Flycatcher (Arizona and Mexican) Ash-throated Flycatcher Olivaceous Flycatcher Eastern Phoebe Black Phoebe Say's Phoebe Yellow-bellied Flycatcher Acadian Flycatcher Traill's Flycatcher (Littie and Alder) Least Flycatcher Hammond's Flycatcher Wright's Flycatcher Gray Flycatcher Yellow-green Flycatcher (Western) Buff-breasted Flycatcher Coues's Flycatcher Eastern Wood Pewee Western Wood Pewee Olive-sided Flycatcher Vermilion Flycatcher Beardless Flycatcher 4£.0.U. No. Common Name Larks: A7k Horned Lark 615 614 #701 Swallows: Violet-green Swallow Tree Swallow Bank Swallow Rough-winged Swallow Barn Swallow Cliff Swallow Cave Swallow (Cuban and Coahuila Cliff) Purple Martin Gray-breasted Martin Titmice: Black-capped Chickadee Mexican Chickadee Mountain Chickadee Gray-headed Chickadee (Alaska) Boreal Chickadee (Hudsonian, Acadian, etc.) Chestnut-backed Chickadee Tufted Titmouse lack-crested Titmouse Plain Titmouse Bridled Titmouse Verdin Bushtit (Coast, California, etc.) Black-eared Bushtit (Lloyd's) Nuthatches: White-breasted Nuthatch Red-breasted Nuthatch Pygmy Nuthatch Creepers: Brown Creeper Dippers: Dipper A.O.U. NO. we: 721.1 722 fe? 718 713 725 72k 717 715 Common Name Wrens: House Wren Brown-throated Wren Winter Wren Bewick's Wren Carolina Wren Cactus Wren Marsh Wren (Long-billed) Sedge Wren (Short-billed Marsh) Canon Wren Rock Wren Mockingbirds and Thrashers: 703 704 705 706 708 707 710 (pat (ae 702 (fon! 763 (o> 759 758 (etl 756 766 767 768 765 #764, 754 Mockingbird Catbird Brown Thrasher Long-billed Thrasher (Sennett's) Bendire's Thrasher Curve=billed Thrasher California Thrasher Leconte's Thrasher Crissal Thrasher Sage Thrasher Thrushes:; Robin Varied Thrush Wood Thrush Hermit Thrush Swainson's Thrush (Olive= backed, Russet-backed, etc.) Gray-cheeked Thrush Veery Bluebird (Eastern, etc.) Chestnut—backed Bluebird Mountain Bluebird Wheatear Bluethroat Townsend's Solitaire Willow Warblers, Kinglets, and Gnat= catchers: ¥7L7 Arctic Willow Warbler (Kennicott's) A.O.U. No. Common Name Willow Warblers, Kinglets and Gnat- catchers (cont.): 751 Gnatcatcher (Blue-gray,etc.) 752 Black-tailed Gnatcatcher (Plumbeous) 7L8 Goiden-crowned Kinglet 7h9 Ruby-crowned Kinglet Wagtails and Pipits: %696 Yellow Wagtail (Alaska) 697 Water Pipit (American) 700 Sprague's Pipit Waxwings: 618 Greater Waxwing (Bohemian) 619 Cedar Waxwing Phainopeplas: $20 Phainopepla Shrikes: 621 Gray Shrike (Northern) 622 Loggerhead Shrike Vireos: 630 Black-capped Vireo 631 White-eyed Vireo 632 Hutton's Vireo 62 Bell's Vireo 634 Gray Vireo 628 Yellow-throated Vireo 62 Solitary Vireo (Blue- headed, etc.) 62k Red-eyed Vireo 626 Philadelphia Vireo 627 Warbling Vireo Warblers: 636 Black and White Warbler 637 Prothonotary Warbler 638 Swainson's Warbler 639 Worm-eating Warbler A.O.U. No. 642 641 64,7 646 645 644 647.1 643 648 649 651 - 652 657 650 654 655 656 665 668 667 666 669 658 662 663 664 659 660 661 671 670 673 672 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682.1 683 690 684 Common Name Warblers (cont.): Golden-winged Warbler Blue-winged Warbler Tennessee Warbler Orange-crowned Warbler Chestnut-crowned Warbler (Nashville and Calaveras) Virginia's Warbler Colima Warbler Lucy's Warbler Parula Warbler Olive-backed Warbler (Sennett's) Olive Warbler Yellow Warbler Magnolia Warbler Cape May Warbler Black-throated Blue Warbler Myrtle Warbler Audubon's Warbler Black-throated Gray Warbler Townsend's Warbler Black-throated Green Warbler Golden-cheeked Warbler Hermit Warbler Cerulean Warbler Blackburnian Warbler Yellow-throated Warbler Grace's Warbler Chestnut-sided Warbler Bay-breasted Warbler Blackpolled Warbler Pine Warbler Kirtland's Warbler Prairie Warbler Palm Warbler Ovenbird Waterthrush (Nerthern,Grinnel]'s) Louisiana Waterthrush Kentucky Warbler Connecticut Warbler Mourning Warbler MacGillivray's Warbler Common Yellowthroat (Maryland,etc.) Ground Chat (Rio Grande Yellowthroat) Yellow-breasted Chat Red-faced Warbler Hooded Warbler i A.O.U. Noe Common Name Warblers (cont.):; 685 Pileolated Warbler (Wilson's) 686 Canada Warbler 687 Redstart (American) 688 Painted Redstart Meadowlarks, Orioles and Blackbirds: LOL Bobolink 501 Meadowlark (Eastern, Southern, etc.) 501.1 Western Meadowlark 497 Yellow-headed Blackbird L498 Red-winged Blackbird 500 Tri-colored Red-winged Blackbird 506 Orchard Oriole 503 Black-headed Oriole (Audubon's) 505 Hooded Oriole (Sennetts and Arizona) 504 Scott's Oriole 507 Baltimore Oriole 508 Bullock's Oriole 509 Rusty Blackbird 510 Brewer's Blackbird 513 Boat-tailed Grackle 511 Grackle (Bronzed, Purple,etc.) 495 Cowbird (Eastern, Nevada, etc.) 496 Bronzed Cowbird Tanagers: 607 western Tanager 608 Scarlet Tanager 609 Hepatic Tanager 610 Summer Tanager Grosbeaks, Finches, Sparrows and Buntings: 593 Cardinal 594 Pyrrhuloxia 595 Rose-breasted Grosbeak 596 Black-headed Grosbeak Sill Blue Grosbeak 598 Indigo Bunting 12 A.O.U. No. Common Name Grosbeaxs, Finches, Sparrows, and Buntings (cont.): 599 600 601 604, 514 517 518 519 602 515 *523 #5278 *528 533 529 530 a31 52%: 522 586 592.1 588 591 592 605 5k2 546 5L5 540 552 B19 580 576 578 573 574, 567 567a 570b 570 559 560 561 Lazuli Bunting Varied Bunting Painted Bunting Dickcissel Evening Grosbeak Purple Finch Cassin's Purple Finch House Finch Seedeater Pine Grosbeak Rosy Finch Hoary Redpoll Mealy Redpoll (Common) Pine Siskin American Goldfinch Lesser Goldfinch (Arkansas) Lawrence's Goldfinch Crossbill (Red, Bendire's, etc.) White-winged Crossbill Olive Sparrow (Texas) Green-tailed Towhee Spotted Towhee (Arctic, Spurred, etc.) Brown Towhee Abert's Towhee Lark Bunting Savannah Sparrow Grasshopper Sparrow Baird's Sparrow Vesper Sparrow Lark Sparrow Rufous=winged Sparrow Rufous-crowned Sparrow Botteri's Sparrow Cassin's Sparrow Black-throated Sparrow Sage Sparrow (Bell's) Slate-colored Junco Oregon Junco (Oregon, Shufeldt's, Gray=headed Junco etc. Arizona Junco (Red-backed and Arizona) Tree Sparrow Chipping Sparrow Clay=colored Sparrow AieOn Uc anole Common Name A.O.U. Noo Common Name Grosbeaks, Finches, Sparrows and Buntings (cont.): 562 Brewer's Sparrow 584 Swamp Sparrow 563 Field Sparrow 581 Song Sparrow 564 Worthen's Sparrow 539 McCown's Longspur 565 Black-chinned Sparrow *536 Lapland Longspur 554 White-crowned Sparrow %*537 Smith's Longspur 557 Golden-crowned Sparrow 538 Chestnut-collared Longspur 558 White-throated Sparrow *53, Eastern Snow Bunting 585 Fox Sparrow #535 McKay's Snow Bunting 583 Lincoln's Sparrow