THE BOTANIC GARDEN; CONSISTirtG OF HIGHLY FINISHED REPRESENTATIONS OF HARDY ORNAMENTAL FLOWERING PLANTS, CDLTIVATED IN GREAT BRITAIN; WITH THEIR NAMES, CLASSES, ORDERS, HISTORY, QUALITIES, CULTURE, AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. BY B. MAUND, F.L.S. VOL. VIII. “Not a tree, A plant, a leaf, a blossom, but contains A folio volume. We may read and read, And read again, and still find something new. Something to please, and something to instruct.” Hurdis. Honhon: SIMPKIN AND MARSHALL, STATIONERS’ HALL COURT: SHERWOOD AND CO., PATERNOSTER ROW. INDEX TO VOL. VIIF. Systematic Name. English Name. Aconitiini anthora, Antliora-like Monk’s-hood,. . . . Alstroemeria aiirea, . . . . Golden-flowered Alstrcemeria, Alstroemeria ligtu, ..Striped-flowered Alstrcemeria,.. Andromeda hypnoides, Moss-like Andromeda, Anemone alpina, Alpine Anemone, Anemone narcissiflora, Narcissus-flowered Anemone, .. Anotis ciliolosa, . . . . Cilliated-leaved Anotis, Aquilegia brachyceras, Short-spurred Columbine, .... Astragalus vesicarius, Biaddered Milk Vetch, Atragene Austriaca, ........ Austrian Atragene, Berberis aristata, Awned Barberry, Biserrula pelecinus, Hatchet Vetch, Calandrinia grandiflora, Lurge-flowered Calandrinia, .. Calendula asterias Starred Marygold, Calliprora lutea, Yell nv Pretty- face, Calophanes oblongifolia. ...... Oblong-leaved Calophanes, . . . . Camassia esculenta,. ... ..... Esculent Caniassia, Centaurea depressa, Depressed Centaury, Cohaea scandens, Climbing Cobaea, Collinsia hicolor, Two-coloured Collinsia, Corydalis flavula, Yellowish Corydalis, Cosmus diversifolius, Various leaved Cosmos, Cosmos scabiosoides, Scabious-like Cosmus, Cotyledon sempervivum, Sempervivum-like Cotyledon, .. Crucianella slylosa, Long-styled Crosswort, Cyclamen Europaeum, European Cyclamen, Cypripedium humile, Humble Ladies’ Slipper, Cytisus racemosus, Raceme-flowered Cytisus, . . . . Dahlia Barkeriae, Miss Barker’s Dahlia, Delphinium decorum, Handsome Larkspur, ........ Dianthus aggregatus, Aggregate Pink, Dianthus Caucasicus, Caucasian Pink, Dracocephalum speciosum, ... .Tall Dragon’s Head, Dracopis amplexicaulis, Stem-clasping-leaved Dracopis, Echinacea heterophylla, Variable-leaved Echinacea, .. Erysimum Perofl^skianum, ... .PerofTski’s Erysimum, Eutoca Wrangeliana, Wrangel’s Eutoca, Fritillaria racemosa, Racemose Fritillary, Galanthus plicatus, Plaited Snowdrop, Genista Anxantica, Anxantic Genista, Gentiana verna, White Spring Gentit Gladiolus communis Common Corn Flag, Helianthemum rhodanthum,. .. .Red-flowered Sun Bose, .... Hibiscus Africanus, African Hibiscus, ........ Hypericum floribundum, ...... Bundle-flow. St. John’s Wort, Hypericum elegans, Elegant St. John’s Wort,. . . Iris maculata, Spotted Iris, . . Iris reticulata, .Netted Iris, No. 694 673 765 75.5 743 689 686 751 680 713 753 740 752 766 690 749 719 704 691 689 718 717 739 720 684 708 769 682 725 761 764 731 693 737 679 .711 ,734 .705 .700 .687 .712 .716 .677 .703 .727 .697 .695 748 Systematic Name. English Name. No. Iris Taurica, Taurian Iris, 736 Iris xi|)liioi(les, Xipliiiim-Iike Iris, 710 Lciinaiitiiiiitn Vcr^inicum, . . . . Virfriuian Leiinanthiiiin, 750 Leycesteria formosa, Handsome Loycesteria, 721 Liliiim eximium, Splendid Lily, 733 Loasa nitida, Shining Loasa, 702 I.iipinus Ilariwegii, Mr. Ilarlvveg^’s Lupine, 722 Lupinus macropliyllus, Large-leaved Lupine, 674 Lysimachia stricta, Straight-branched Loose-strife, 758 3ialva Creeana Cree’s Mallow, 747 Mcnziesia ccerulea, Blue Menziesia, 681 Menziesia empetrifonnis, Empetron-formed Menziesia, ..760 IMenziesia polifolia, Polium-leaved Menziesia, ....732 Mesembryanthemum pomeridia. Afternoon Fig Marigold, 715 Narcissus minor, Small Narcissus, 706 Narcissus montanus, Mountain Narcissus, 744 Ncmesia chamsedrifolia, Germander-leaved Nemesia, ..698 Nemophila atomaria, Speckled Ncmophila, 745 Nolana atriplicifolia, Spinach-leaved Nolana, 692 Nonea flavescens, Yellowish-flowered Nonea, . . . .678 (Enothera rubicunda, Ruddy (Enothera, «,..756 Onosuia setosum, Bristly Onosma, 751 Ornithogalum exscapum, Stemless Star of Bethlehem, . .732 Oxalis letraphylla, Four-leaved Wood sorrel, 73.5 Parnassia asarifolia, Asarum-leaved Parnassia, . . . .724 PaBonia tenuifolia, Fine-leaved Paeony, 696 Pentslemon argutiim, Sharp-edged Pentstemon, ....699 Pentstemon gentianoides, Gentian-like Pentstemon, . . . .701 Pentstemon Mackayanus, Mackay’s Pentstemon, 738 Pentstemon Murrayanus Murray’s scarlet Pentstemon, ..757 Pernettya angustifolia, Narrow-leaved Pernettya, . . . .768 Philadelphus Gordonianus, .... Gordon’s Syringa, 754 Phyteiima Halleri Haller’s Rampion, 680 Phyteuina piilchellum, Pretty Phyteuma, 728 Polemoniuin humile, ........ Humble Polemonium, 709 Potentilla hoematochrus, Blood-coloured Potentilla, . . . .726 Primula margiiiata, Silver-edged Primrose, 707 Primula Mistassinica, Lake Mistassins Primrose, ,...743 Rhodora Canadense, Canadian Rhodora, 742 Rosa Indica, Jaun Desprez, or Yel. Noisette, 729 Salvia patula, Spreading Sage, 714 Scilla bifolia, Two-leaved Scilla, 723 Scyphanthus elegans, Elegant Cup flower, 746 Stachys Corsica, .. . . Corsican Stachys, 676 Trollius Asiaticus, Asiatic Globe flower, 763' Triteleia laxa, .Lax-unibelled Triteleia, 765 Vi ola palmata, Variegated palmate Violet, .... 675 Wulfeiiia Carinthiaca, Carinthian Wulfenia, 688 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from BHL-SIL-FEDLINK https://archive.org/details/botanicgardencon08maun leo ALSTRffiME'RIA AU'REA. GOLDEN-FLOWERED ALSTR(EMERIA. Class. ' Order. HEXANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Natural Order. AMARYLLIDACE^. Native of Height. Flowers in Duration. Introduced Chile. 3 feet. June, July. Perennial. in 1831. No. 673. The genus Alstroemeria was named by Linneus after his Spanish friend, Claudius Alstroemer. For the introduction of this showy plant. Great Britain is indebted to Mr. Anderson, the indefati- gable collector, who accompanied Captain King on his South American voyage of discovery. All the species of Alstroemeria produce very at- tractive flowers, but they are not all alike hardy. We have several in cultivation, and shall figure such of them as from experience we find desirable for cul- ture as hardy or half-hardy plants. A curious instance of the ever-varying operations of nature is exhibited by the leaves of Alstroemeria. Mr. Brown was the first who discovered it. Their upper surface possesses the peculiar structure, and performs the functions, of the under surface of those of other plants. The leaves twist round to present their under surface to the usual position of the up- per, and become what is termed resupinate. The present species increases rapidly, and should be planted at the foot of a south wall, in very sandy compost. In severe frosts a little straw should be thrown over the roots. Bot. Mag. 3350. 169 LUPI'NUS MACROPHYL'LUS. LARGE-LEAVED LUPINE. Order. DECANDRIA. Natural Order. LEGUMINOSiE. Native of lleig’ht. Flowers in Duration. Introduced Ameriea. 4 feet. June, July. Perennial. in 1835. No. 674. Lupiniis, see No. 310. Macrophyllus is derived from the Greek makros, long or large; and phul- LON, a leaf. This must be considered the finest, indeed we may be allowed the epithet, most splendid, species of Lupine at present in our gardens. Its dense racemes of dowsers, from a foot to two feet long, make the plant remarkably striking. Its flowers do not pos- sess the variety of tint which is common to Lupi- nus tomentosus, but they are, notwithstanding, very variable, occurring in some cases, of a brownish purple, in others of a deep bright purple, and of every intermediate tint. This species very much resembles Lupinus poly- phyllus. No. 291, but is of more robust habit, has larger leaves, with darker coloured flowers ; and the whorls of flowers are more crowded than in poly- phyllus. Lupinus macrophyllus may be divided at the root, but when increase is recpiired it is far better to raise seedlings. This should be done in spring, and when the plants are two or three inches high, they should be planted where they are intended to remain. Sweet’s FI. Gar. s. 2, 356. Class. DIADELPHIA. L ''r, ] [k,.. V ■>;: yyi;f’V‘.T£‘v>: ■'j.v r!C-': - .rhi^lV 'd-'V-X . . ‘ 'A® • . ' -i,- *'V7 4-ri ' '^' I ■ ’»'• :• jt**' ‘ >j I ^ '^' *1* ! ^ff*. »^ ., ■'*, .* ■' !?V' ' ■'•' '' ioS'^u^lj^^*^^“*s)f>•-»’l1fl(4j^r^^;^ i. ^ wiX'-'N;; 4 ' :‘rL> •'• ■ • ^ j' ] . , f f^iSZ&qOT-uV.CS^ r, - , *•?',*'; ''itejfflDMMfi '•/■ ••> < ,*■.* X vj’^ 4 • '* .. \j'.y ^iij-'^f..*^ 4> • .'-fe v" : VIO LA PALMA'TA. Var. Variegata. VARIEGATED PALMATE VIOLET. Class. PENTANDRIA. Order. MONOGYNIA, Natural Order. VIOLACEiE. Native of Height. Flowers in Duration. Introduced N. America. 1 foot. May, June. Perennial. in 1752. No. 675. For the origin of the word Violet, see No. 663. As the fabulists of olden times mingled poetical ideas with the origin of the Violet, so the poets of our own day take it, like the Rose and the Lily, as one of their favourite themes. Our present plant does not, however, claim praise at their hand for its odour, since it has none of the fragrance of the wild tenant of the banks; but the gay variety of its variegated flowers, and their long continuance, recommend it to every one ; or at least to all who possess a soul that can be touched by the beauties of creative wisdom ; those beauties which are spread out on the face of nature to excite our admiration, and afford enjoyment through the avenues of a grateful heart. Who is there that cannot join Mil- ton in his warmest praise ! “ These are thy glorious work, Parent of good ; Almighty ! thine this universal frame, Thus wondrous fair ! thyself how wondrous then ! Unspeakable ! who sittest above these heavens, To us invisible, or dimly seen In these thy lowliest works: yet these declare Thy goodness beyond thought and power divine.” The cultivation of the variegated palmate Violet re(juires hut little comment, for if due attention be given to shading it after transplanting, it may be divided at any time of the year, but 'when the cul- tivator has the choice of season, spring and autumn are of course to be ])referred. A cool situation and light soil suit it admirably. We may here, not inappropriately, add a few ob- servations on the Viola odorata. The plant known as the Neapolitan Violet, is a mere variety of the Viola odorata, or common sweet-scented Violet, and is superior to every other for forcing. It is double, but paler coloured than the common one. It is valuable, inasmuch as its flowers may be obtained in the winter season, by the following mode of cul- ture. In May take young plants from the runners ; or cuttings may be struck under a hand-glass a month earlier. Plant them on a nursery bed of light rich soil, six inches apart. At the end of July a bed should be prepared to correspond with the size of a spare cucumber or other frame which must be used for protecting the violets during winter. It should be composed, to the depth ol a foot, of fresh loam, decayed leaves, peat, old hot-bed manure, and sand; or of such of these as are convenient,so as to form a rich light compost. Adjust the frame to the bed; transplant the Violets, with balls of soil about their roots, six inches apart within the frame. If it be preferred the frame may be dispensed with till the end of September, when it should be fixed over the plants, and the lights used when cold nights ensue. Give air during fine weather, and protect securely against frost. Don’s Syst. Bot. v. 1, 321. STA'CHYS CORSICA. CORSICAN STACHYS. Order. ANGIOSPERSIIA. Natural Order. LABIATjE, Native of Heig’ht Flowers in Duration. Introduced Corsica. f foot. July & Aug. Perennial. in 1823. No. 676. The generic name, Stachys, is derived from the Greek word stachus, a spike; because, as Sir. J. E. Smith says, the flowers, though whorled, are more crowded into a spiked form than most others of the same natural order. Botanical writers enumerate upwards of a hun- dred species of Stachys, five of which are British. Some of these seem to have been held formerly in esteem for their properties of cleansing and healing wounds. One species — the Stachys coccinea, a native of South America, is a greenhouse plant of considerable beauty, but it has of late given place to the more splendid plants from the same country belonging to the genus Salvia. The Stachys Corsica grows compactly together, forming a neat tuft of foliage, mingled with flowers during two months of the middle of summer, and is deserving of culture either in the borders, on rock- work, or in pots ; in either of which situations it will grow freely, provided the soil be light and dry. When planted in a favourable situation it will ripen seeds, from which it may be increased as well as by division of its roots. Don’s Syst. Bot. 4, 829. Class. DIDYNAailA. JiUUdfZ HELIAN'THEMUM RHODAN'THUM. RED-FLOWERED SUN-ROSE. Class. Order. POLYANDRIA. BIGYNIA. Natural Order. CISTACE®. Native of Height. Flowers in Duration. Introduced Spain, 6 inches. May, July. Perennial. in 1800. No. 677. From the Greek words helios, anthos, sun- flower, has been formed the present word, Helian- themum. Although it is not so powerfully influ- enced by the sun as continually to turn in obedi- ence to the apparent daily course of that luminary, which has been asserted of some plants, its flowers are more dependent on direct exposure to its rays, than are those of many similar shrubs. They not only open more freely in bright sunshine, but some- times in wet and cloudy weather, the flower buds of some of the Helianthemums will decay without ex- j)anding at all. This is a completely hardy little plant, and re- markably ornamental on sloping banks, exposed to a southerly aspect, or on rock-work. They will always be found to luxuriate in a light soil, resting on a dry subsoil, if the situation have a favourable exposure to the sun. The cultivator may take a lesson from nature, by remarking the situation in which our English species, the Helianthemum vul- gare, flourishes and displays its bright yellow flow- ers. It will be found to be a dry southerly or eastwardly bank of sandy or loamy soil. It is 170 a highly attractive family, and the section of it now called Helianthemum, but formerly belonging to the genus Cistus, is so easily managed, and re- quires so small a space, that we recommend an extensive selection from its species and varieties to the especial notice of our readers. In the whole there are upwards of a hundred species, and of these about one half may be readily obtained, some single and others double, displaying numerous tints of yel- low, white, and crimson, and almost every variation that can be produced by compounding these colours. It is true the flowers of Helianthemum are evanes- cent, and remind us of the w'ords of the poet : “ Frail plant ! whose early buds display Their beauties to the opening day, And fade with its declining ray, To bloom no inore.” But the human mind is wont to seek relief from Hope, which in this instance consolingly tells us “ Fresh buds the morning will bestow, The cheering sun again will glow. And gentle zephyrs round them blow, Each changing day.” We cannot withhold a few lines of Mrs. Hemans,’ which appropriately present themselves as a moral : “ Yet is not life, in its real flight, IMark’d thus — e’en thus — on earth. By the closing of one hope’s delight. And another’s gentle birth ? O let us live, so that flower by flower. Shutting in turn, may leave A lingerer still for the sunset hour, A charm for the shaded eve.” Don’s Syst. Bot, 1, 313. NO'NEA FLAVES'CENS. YELLOWISH-FLOWERED NONEA. Class. Order. PENTANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Natural Order. BORAGINACE^. Native of Height Flowers in Duration. Introduced Caucasus. 1 foot. May. Biennial. in 1834. No. 678. The generic name, Nonea, was established by Moench, in honour of J. P. Nonne, a German botanist, and author of a local Flora. The genus has been principally made up of species from Anchusa and Lycopsis. From Anchusa it differs in the bearded throat and funnel shape of its corolla. From Lycopsis it may be distinguished by the straight tube of its corolla — that of Ly- copsis being incurved. Nonea flavescens, as well as being a native of the Caucasian mountains, has been found in the island of Sara. The natural order to which it be- longs— Boraginacese, contains several well-known dye plants, particularly the Anchusa tinctoria or Alkanet of the shops. This native of the north of Europe, has proved to be a completely hardy biennial plant, and was raised in the Birmingham Horticultural Society’s Garden, from Russian seeds, received there in 1834. If permitted to scatter its ripened seeds, during the summer and autumn, young plants will spring up and continue flowering in succession through the whole of the following summer. Don’s Syst. Bot. 4, 337. -1- •a ■•<*" I’lfif- it' a- r; “ j1*^' I!i<^: . ;-. J ' V;-;?4! n - '•'.y v>-, i . % » . A rC’r-}'-- '■' .V.iuiff i'V'y'ii/(')n(»*(i ‘ * (UrfI * ^ • iJ -;:;i ™ fi: ^ . ;;. M '^ti'..,^»-VV; * :.,.* ;s ‘ ■' • ' -1 ■■'M- m I ill tl». <11 ' *^'it'nAiiit nLt./i,if,ilff‘i'.»Mt' !i^‘/''',(Wl'l(t; ‘’Xm .'ii' -rSiji lU^ <11 i » >»l itMff, tTr ■■ 1 » -1<’> T .‘Ift " ,.i 4 rk-v '>\U ■a)» ill id i^vii ,^, , . - h ^'- V - T^f>'.' ■ •*. C.’*= -, -■ I ' J- M li '»» *■' ■■" "■''r'/^&’ ■’• |i- ; ’ Vytt : ^ * '^S'l ; .■ ■’.. u)iy J^U'-'; "I llj.ft’'' OlilRI®' ■ ■' ' - . . .. . .. ,.„ ' VH* '■’■i'-^- “ i 'fi iii. i.4*. CRUCIANEL'LA STYLO'SA. LONG-STYLED CROSSWORT. Class. Order. TETRANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Natural Order. CALLAGES. Native of Heig-ht Flowers in Duration. Introduced Persia. 1§ foot. July. Perennial. in 1836. No. 684. The name of this genus has been formed as a diminutive of crux, a cross; in allusion to the foliage of some of the species which have four leaves in a whorl; hence it is also called Crosswort. The advantages offered by this pretty newly- introduced plant are fourfold. It may be grown in tufts, in the borders, amongst other herbaceous plants, where, being tied up, it will form a deli- cately tinted little bush; or, it may be grown in pots, and if kept in poor soil, with little pot room, will flower when much shorter in the stem than in the borders. For rock-work it is particularly suita- ble, for here it will recline upon the rugged frag- ments, blending its soft tints with the fleshy hue of the fellspar, or rise in stronger relief from the dark flint and trap rock. It will here flourish as where first discovered on the Persian mountains, overlooking the fruitful province of Ghilan, or on the more northerly far-extended range of Cauca- sus. Last of all, it is admirably calculated for filling up entire beds in geometric gardens; or where irregular parterres blend their wavy lines unconformably with each other — styles of decora- tion, which should not he driven from their proper places because a closer adherence to nature points out the absurdity of their universal adoption. Gardening, as is truly said by a writer in the Edinburgh Encyclopiedia “is an imitative art, like painting or poetry, and is governed by the same laws. The ancient style is an inventive and mixed art, like architecture, and governed by the same principles. The beauties which architecture and geometric gardening aimed at, were those of art and utility, in which art was every where avowed. The modern style of gardening, and the arts of poetry and painting, imitate nature; and, in doing so, the art employed is studiously concealed. Those arts, therefore, can never be compared, whose means are so different; and to say that landscape gardening is an improvement on geometric gar- dening, is a similar misapplication of language, as to say that a lawn is an improvement of a corn- field, because it is substituted in its place. It is absurd, therefore, to despise the ancient style, be- cause it has not the same beauties as the modern, to which it never aspired. It has beauties of a different kind, equally perfect in their manner as those of the modern style, and equally desirable under certain circumstances. The question, there- fore, is not, whether we shall admit occasional specimens of obsolete gardening, for the sake of antiquity, but whether we shall admit specimens of a different style from that in general use, but equally perfect in its kind.” The Crucianella stylosa flowers during several months of the year. May be increased by division. Don’s Syst. Bot. 3, 641. ASTRA G'ALUS VESICA'RIUS. BLADDERED MILK VETCH. Class. Order. DIADELPHIA. DECANDRIA. Natural Order. LEGUMINOSiE. Native of Height. Flowers in Duration. Introduced Europe. § foot. May, June. Perennial. in 1737. No. 685. Astragalus is a name which was used by the Greeks for a plant, but what meaning it was in- tended to bear, when so employed, is now unknown. The Latin vesica, vesicarius, aliudes to the bladdery calyx of this species. It is a fact known to mosl cultivators of flowers, that the description of soil in which plants are grown, has not only a greater or less influence on their growth, but also, that it has a certain influence on the colour of their blossoms, varying according to the constituent principles of which it consists. We do not apply this observation to such plants as are ever-variable, as it were, — that sport into half the shades of the rainbow wherever they may happen to be grown, but to those which have fixed limits to their powers of change — that vary the in- tensity only of their tints. In strong red loamy earth we have observed the colour of annual flowers, in particular, much more strong and brilliant than that of the same species grown in black old garden mould, which had long been under cultivation. Roses also, appear to be somewhat under the go- vernment of the same laws of nature ; and the 172 flyclrangea hortensis most prominently so. An in- stance of change of colour, which may he presumed to be dependent on change of soil, is shown by the very plant before us, the Astragalus vesicarius. Sir W. J. Hooker says, in the Botanical Magazine, Although, as cultivated in the Glasgow Botanic Garden, from seeds communicated by Mr. Otto of Berlin, the flowers are always of a rich purple colour, becoming darker and almost blue in age, yet they appear, in a wild state, to be sometimes cream-coloured or white.” It seems to us, that in these days of assiduous attention to floriculture, the influence of soils has been somewhat overlooked, for it is but reasonable to suppose that if the flower of an individual plant be varied by the quality of the soil in which it is' grown, a more decisive variation may be obtained by continuing the same influence on successive gene- rations of such plant. Again, this variation will be referable to the influence of certain ingredients naturally combined with the earth, and these being discovered, may be increased or diminished artifi- cially, as the cultivator may find best suited to his pur])ose of heightening or subduing certain colours on which he is desirous to operate ; thus ultimately, by perseverance, agreeably to the fixed laws of na- ture, in lieu of submission to chance, we may attain to results not only satisfactory to tlie philo- sopher, but full of delight to the practical man, and the less thinking observer. The Astragalus vesicarius should be planted in a light loamy soil in a dry situation, and is best in- creased from seeds. Don’s Syst. Bot. 2, 259. ANEMO'NE NARCISSIFLO'RA. NARCISSUS-FLOWERED ANEMONE. Class. Order. POLYANDRIA. POLYGYNIA. Natural Order. RANUNCDLACE^. Native of Height. Flowers in Duration. Introduced Siberia, - 1 foot. May. Perennial. in 1773. No. 686. The word Anemone has an allusion to wind. See No. 145. It is recorded of this species of Anemone, that it was introduced into England by the Earl of Bute. It has a wide geographical range, being common on the high mountains of the South of Europe, as well as in some parts of Siberia. It is very rarely met with even in the best collections, although a completely hardy plant; and if not possessing gaiety of colour, it has novelty of character, espe- cially in the genus to which it belongs. The Anemone narcissiflora is usually kept in pots amongst the Alpines, but it cannot be much in- creased by division, therefore it becomes the more requisite to plant it in the open ground, where it will flower in great perfection, and produce seeds. To assist this process it is thought necessary to fertilize the flowers : the position of its parts of fructification would not indicate the necessity of this, but it may, perhaps, be required from the imperfect opening of the anthers. It should have a rather damp situation, and grows strongest when planted in peat and loam. Don’s Syst. Bot. 1, 21 w F ’'^t r - -V ® ■ 'v-i:*'* h* *'' ^ ^ '• ' ■ !jn . ;• ' - '■-'■'■' '55*; u . ' % • / i 'r|fi ; i{ (^!r«f i t ■* i/ir , ..^,.„™,,,,,.-„™,... .. .:iir .,, /:i' V '('^* >ino«J , '1- f)l' ’ ■" J, i ■ >\rf;ti^ .H- '/ ‘ '^ytrOTjsi ^ ^ ]' i -. tUfitei/?#*! Jtai* f. . / ' • ^ ,^4*. J ' ^ ‘fi*' .•>*. •nit '\ ' V,V'' Mf ! ^ . « '. 1^1?' tiii)t4&«(‘ fw{ hf* fmujw* ‘ al :-'yk4^l ■ -v. . v:^v vv' ;; ^ 4 '' • ■ *i I • * ' ■ aAi'J f ‘ ' i ' ».' * ' lit i. ■?"'<• ' 'i* ,im ,. ' Ai> • ‘i .• V' , a •■ Jh\ V’j.l'X'v ',‘ :'4-i:i'w^ ' . •, j> •- GENIS TA ANXAN'TICA. ANXANTIC GENISTA. Order. DECANDRIA. Natural Order. leguminos;e. Native of Height. Flowers in Habit. Introduced Italy. 4 feet. 1 June, July. A Shrub. in 1818. No. 687. Genista, see No. 594. Anxantica a valley in the kingdom of Naples. Our British Genista tinctoria, either as a dye or a medicine, or from its gaiety as a wild plant, dot- ting the green pastures over in brilliant little bushes of yellow, is generally known. The plant now before us is nearly allied to it, but is of more deli- cate and slender appearance, and diffuse in habit. It is a pretty evergreen shrub ; which at midsum- mer, with its bright green foliage and abundance of flowers, produces much gaiety of effect. When we comtemplate these plants in the gar- den or the fields, we are ready to say with an ad- mired author, Can it be believed that nature bestowed beauty on a flower but with a view to please ? Is not then the refusal to be pleased with these beauties, like the malignant and unthankful guest, who refuses to taste the most delicious dain- ties prepared for his entertainment ?” This slender little shrub should have a good depth of light soil. It is perfectly hardy, and pro- duces abundance of seeds. From these it may be raised with greater facility than from cuttings. Don’s Syst. Bot. 2, 152 Class MONADELPHIA. w "” "'. ''"MckfswIfflroSi : ' t^^jJ^-v •> >!»,■;■ ^ ■ ■.'•• ■ H Aut . j^SV j “' ‘ ■ .'■ ''' ;• v4 ■*:'* VV> :m\} I',: V . nAvV>-;i!'i ff y.fi’^ii::p>jij^. ' •'. i- ’, ty ' ■ . ... . kI: il-; . • ■ ' ■ s' •' ‘r«.- Vi ..ii .1; ;;'t,y)«} ■ ■ «. 71' . I V ^ .1 I ‘ Y.f.iriou ; rV.r, .w -v, ‘^fss 'i‘ ’ /’‘^ '■ •‘^' . . K**i' ' ■ ■ • ‘ '■'' >■■ '■ □ ■/ * • -■* • f j0^^h tF' 'a'- "i' \: 'f; .■ *» ‘ .* _. . _ w ■>' t fi : ' '.-^ _ ■ ^ ,i ,;J >i^S^'iv^ri ii'fJ /' . <♦’ ■ •’ :#-i". ■ I \\\t. :•; I’i' t: •ffr'. . ^ -4:»w ' oV.r^i vi:' ‘/ "' :__iI:<«r-V j '■' ‘ ^J«'■ ;■■:>. I' f.“'A;<<'.iihiw;^f|» r..»j!, • .'V'-:, ? '-® ilH-i’V r f' ■ • ’ V ff ••*' ;;ii4. J^/-f ;l.;u«'i 'i 0 V ti-fjyi i h Lit*'. '■J-ff4.,'/...-<;/ : s’v f-a/f ■■ e '7'’- ■ » O V Q 175 COLLIN'SIA BrCOLOR. TWO-COLOURED COLLINSIA. Class. Order. DIDYNAMIA. ANGIOSPERMIA . Natural Order. SCROPHULARIACE^. Native of Height. Flowers in Duration. Introduced California. 1 foot. June, Aug. Annual. in 1833. No. 689. The name of this genus was adopted after Zac- cheus Collins, an American botanist. At No. 391 of the Botanic Garden, we published Collinsia grandiflora, a plant which obtained its name, large-flowered, by a comparison of its flow- ers with such species as had then been introduced. It is now, however, rendered inapplicable, by the discovery of the present plant, which excels it in the size of the flowers, in general showiness, and also in height. Names founded on comparison will always be subject to the same inconvenience till that time when all the plants on the face of the earth shall have been collected and arranged — a period, by the bye, of which it is impossible for the human mind to catch the least conception. Collinsia bicolor, from the abundance of flowers which it produces, is a most desirable low annual, growing in any common soil, and bearing our severest winters whilst the plants are small. Au- tumn sown plants will flower in May and June; and an early and late sowing, in spring, will produce flowers in succession till October ; or till autumnal frosts destroy them. Doji’s Sjst. Bot. 4, 555. 173. CALLIPRO'RA LU'TEA. YELLOW PRETTY-FACE. Order. monogynta. Natural Order. ASPHODELACEi^;. Native of Height. Flowers in Duration. Introduced N. California 1 foot. July. Perennial. in 1831 ? No. 690. The derivation of the word Calliprora is founded on the Greek kalliproros, signifying pretty-face; a name not inappropriately given to the flowers of this American novelty. Any addition, like the present, to the hardy bulbs which are already in cultivation in our gardens, will be received with pleasure by every one who duly appreciates the gaiety of the open parterre; which, after all, excites an interest not attendant on any other department of floral occu- pation. We believe that the possessor of the most magnificent erections that ever inclosed the riches of the Indies, or displayed from day to day, and year to year, the splendour of the tropics, never felt more exquisite delight than is experienced by thousands in the culture of the little hardy flower border. Here it is, that after a season of privation which whets and fits the soul for enjoyment, the genial — the spirit-stirring spring exerts its fullest influence, reanimates the glowing beauty of a host of the sweetest favourites, at the same time that it stimulates and attunes the mind to receive pleasure from every object of resuscitated Class HEXANDRIA. nature. Well may the tleliglited poet exclaim “ 'Fhe voice of Spring, — the voice of Spring, 1 licar it from afur! — He comes with sunlight on his wing, And ray of morning star : His impulse thrills through rill and flood. It throbs along the main, — "Fis stirring in the waking wood. And trembling o’er the plain. He comes, he comes ! Behold, behold ! That glory in the east. Of burning beams of glowing gold, And light by light increased ! The heavy clouds have rolled away That darkened sky and earth. And blue and splendid breaks the day. With universal mirth. The violet is sweetening now The air of hill and dell; The snow-drops, that from Winter’s brow As he retreated fell. Have turned to flowers, and gem the bowers Where late the wild storm whirled. And warmer rays, with length’ning days. Give verdure to the world.” Webbe. Our pretty-faced flower, as its sponsor has called it, was discovered by Douglas, in Northern Cali- fornia, and by him sent to the London Horticul- tural Society’s Garden ; where it proved to be, as stated by Dr. Lindley, a hardy, very handsome bulbous plant; growing freely in a shaded peat border, and flowering in July. It produces offsets pretty freely, which should be taken off* in autumn.’ Hot. Reg. lolK). CO'BiEA SCAN'DENS. CLIMBING COBiEA. Class. Order. PENTANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Natural Order. COBjEACEA. Native of Heio;ht. Flowers in Duration. Introduced Mexico. 40 feet. Au^. Oct. Perennial. in 1792. No. 691. Father Cobo, a learned Jesuit, who was many years a resident of America, is commemorated in the name of the present genus. Although the Cobaea scandens is properly a greenhouse plant, it is so particularly applicalde to the purposes of embellishing walls and trellis- work in the open air, during summer, that it ought to be better known, and more generally cultivated, by such as confine their garden enjoyments to hardy plants alone. It is never seen to so great advantage as when turned out in May, into rich light soil, against a south wall. Here it will run most luxuriantly, and may be twisted and turned about, up and down in all directions, to fit either the caprice of the trainer, or the irregularities of the wall or treillage which forms its support. It will grow from thirty to forty feet in a season, flower abundantly, and bear a mild winter. Seed- ling plants should be preferred, which may be raised in spring, and kept in a greenhouse or well protected frame, during winter, for putting out in May. Seeds are seldom perfected in the open air, but may be obtained of any seedsman. Don’s Syst. Rot. 4, 236. NOLA'NA ATRIPLICIFO'LIA. SPINACH-LEAVED NOLANA. Class. Order. PENTANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Natural Order. SOLANACE^. Native of Height Flowers in Duration. Introduced Peru. 4 inches. August. Annual. in 1834. No. 692. Nolana is a word deduced from the Latin nola, a little bell, an appellation which is sufficiently well supported by the shape of the flowers of this genus. Atriplicifolia, the specific name, is compounded from Atriplix, a genus of plants, and folium, a leaf, from the resemblance of their foliage. An old plant of this genus — the Nolana pros- trata, is an annual with which florists of the last century were well acquainted. This was succeeded, in 1822, by a brighter flowered species — the No- lana paradoxa, (see No. 207.) Both may now be considered as superseded by the present very showy species, whose flowers are larger than either of the preceding, and resemble those of the Con- volvulus tricolor. Seeds of the Nolana atriplicifolia may either be sown in pots and forwarded in a hotbed, or they may be sown at once, in the borders, in the latter part of April. The soil should be rendered light and rich by the admixture of leaf-mould, sandy peat, or some friable compost ; and if a flower-pot be turned over the seeds, when sow n, it will forward their vegetation. Don’s Syst. Bot. 4, 479. '-’vVr>’ .' ■ \ l , >^;P' i.t ■ ' <•■.' ■'■ 3;v. ’•?.•'■; V . £a»P^ .,';..i^.;r. . ^-r-.;:'' ' • •■■■'■■ > '^ii’v.'' '“ ■" t''.'i • '■• -i'i • i i -i ■.■^% e*' }1‘ ■ 'i n^>.- i* r ■'S' 4> > rs •. ■ ■^' ‘ if* • • '''i- ! ^ ’ 5/. '4ti> -.i Uffll mfi u%' ' - /.H', v^ hn' 'rr:i •r:".* gAlfvif r . . ' ■<; '• ' ,uK.a^K . : >:■ ■ .- : ' ■ s#g' ■■»»■: wB- ' ‘ '‘.«SS1P ‘iiSllS «-'*■' 'fe iliif'-'i'. ' ' ) -v! "■ii-v'^sift;' , . '•‘i: f;v.,-^r#- ' 'i ■ ■i. y ,.^ 'y ’K ■ . f-/\ - ' .^'i-Yv'ri;' i/l' . ' ..'i4'‘ii.'\Tr.*^^’‘ rr‘'‘,i*-', ’f . * -I t'^. ■»•. SiSif \ r\ ■■ '. >- ■* ' / :.■ ■ . -V' • l : . •TV 1^ ■ 'A itM -i'j >. , ■ .. •'* t'S. ' V F ■. .l,<.,f' . ^.. ;* / • v.-l r' ■ ^ . ■:| DRACOCEPH'ALUM SPECIO'SUM. TALL dragon’s HEAD. Class. Order. DIDYNAMIA. G YMNOSPERMIA . Natural Order. LABIATiE. Native of Height. Flowers in Duration. America. 4 feet. Aug-. Sept. Perennial. Origin uncertain. No. 693. For an account of the derivation of the word Dracocephalum, see No. 57. This species has been made the type of a new genus — Physostegia; a word deduced from the Greek phusa, a bladder; and stego, to cover; in allusion to its inflated calyx. It is the Physostegia of Mr Bentham. Having previously published a variety of this plant we retain the original name, by which it is well known, and under which it would have been arranged by Linneus. Whether this plant has originated from seeds in this country, or is the spontaneous production of America, and has been imported, we are unable to discover. Its differences from the old plant con- sist chiefly in its superior height, the size of its flowers, and the nearly entire margin of its leaves. It is a remarkably handsome border plant, growing very erect; and, unless in an exposed situation, requires no support against wind and showers. In a light fresh loam, with a little manure or sandy peat, it flourishes exceedingly. An annual removal, at the end of February, encourages its luxuriance. 174. Don’s Syst, Bot. 4, 815. -ll^ v, ' •■ ^ i'5i'‘"‘y -'i-iiy , i t- • •: V, V 1^ ■''. /■> -y ;.; ACONFTUM ANTHO'RA. ANTHORA-LIKE MONK’S-IIOOD. Class. POLYANDRIA. Natural Order. RANUNCULACE^. Native of Height Flowers in Duration. Cultivated Pyrenees. 3 feet. 1 July- Perennial. in 1596. No. 694. The derivation of the word Aconitum has been ascribed by various writers to different sources. Many agree in adducing it from Acona, a town of Bithynia, where some of its species are plentiful. It is stated by Don, in his General System of Gar- dening, that "'this species was formerly made use of in medicine, as an antidote to the poisonous species; whence by some writers it is called An- thora, or Antithora, the poisonous ones having been named Thora. The taste of the root is sweet, with a mixture of bitterness and acrimony. The smell is pleasant. It operates on the bowels vehe- mently when fresh, but loses its qualities when dried; it is disused in the present practice, and is certainly poisonous, but perhaps in a less degree than those of the other sections. Haller regards it as one of the most dangerous.” The greater part of the Aconites are handsome, upright, and rather tall plants; but they possess deleterious qualities of more or less virulence. They are readily produced from seeds, and very distinct varieties thus arise. Their culture is of the simplest kind. Don’s Syst. Dot. 1,55, Order. TRIGYNIA. ; • R.:..? 'Sv 3 . ■ - ■ W " naf , , wfiM ;‘ df -:-' ■ ■■? j* ,.1iVvt<(; \m'- • '■'wm-'*'-. t. ' .■- ' Vi?x» ir ■V: • j' t' '.''-4 tiiA. Juf?v ■■ r ., -a’,*. i ' .. ■ > .■ ., , - J '(,Xi V#'> •'^^‘^' .• 1 7 .' I 'ir^.vvy* r ^-y V ,1^ ' ‘j ^ r 4 ■■v'f>®lW|6* ijHJdo ,* -u :\ '’i‘“4r'''< W;i ‘.tli r.Wsm’^ 'f --' ’ -IS ^i.v'^^,? Eitp. * -'S' ' ,v%a ‘v ' -f ,' .. -t ,. UK ,hii(i.'>xs)',.'‘i; .v;|l *il(imi» ) 'il*/'llj, ' _ : • - ■1 %>••.. 1-.. iE4^^^yL f'-'; , •"• 'iij •