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BY Canon NORMAN, M.A,, D.C.L., LL.D., F.B.S., Ere. 326 Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. British Amphipoda: Families Pontoporeide to Ampeliscide. By Canon Norman, M.A., D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S., &e.* THIS revision of species of British Amphipoda is intended primarily to give an account of specimens which have passed through my hands and have been identified by myself. Species may have been procured from districts which have been worked by others and recorded; but if they are also in my collection I give my own authority for them. Multipli- cation of exact habitats of less rare species would too greatly extend the space occupied by distribution, while my own record will have the advantage of confirming that previously made. A carcinologist desiring to be acquainted with the fauna of a particular district will naturally consult the papers which have been published on the restricted area. These observations more especially refer to the Clyde district, in which I first dredged in 1854, and which I have visited many times since, a district which has been so admirably worked as * See for preceding paper ‘ Annals,’ Feb. 1900, p. 196. Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. — 327 regards the Amphipoda by my late friend Dr. David Robert- son, and more recently by Mr. ‘Thomas Scott. In order, however, to indicate the good work. which my brother carcinologists have done, I subjoin the following lists of species which they have added to our fauna since the publication of Bate and Westwood’s work. I hope that these lists are approximately, if not absolutely, complete. The late DAviD ROBERTSON. The following Amphipoda were first recorded in Dr. Robert- son’s excellent papers ‘‘ On the Amphipoda and Isopoda of the Firth of Clyde and West of Scotland” (Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Glasgow, vol. ii. pp. 9-99, and vol. iii. pp. 199-223) :— 1888. Ampelisca assimilis, Boeck. 1892. Monoculodes borealis, Boeck. Amphilochus tenuimanus, Amphithopsis nodifera, G.O Boeck. Sars. 1892. Podalirius typicus, Kréyer. Metopa affinis, Boeck. Ampelisca spinipes, Boeck. Triphosa Horingii, Boeck. Param phithoe assimilis, G'.Q. Sars. Dulichia tuberculata, Boeck, Socarnes Vahli, Kroyer. erythrophthalmus, sp. n. Orchemenella pinguis, Boeck. Triphosa nana, Kroyer. pusilla, G. O. Sars. Haplonyx similis, G. O. Sars. Melphidippa spinosa, Boeck. Amphilochoides odontonyx, Boeck. Gitanopsis bispinosa, Boeck. Metopa rubrovittata, G. QO. Sars. borealis, G. O. Sars. —— nasuta, Boeck. Bruzelia typica, Boeck. Iphimedia minuta,G. O. Sars. Podocerus minutus, G. O. Sars. Rev. T. R. R. STEBBING an] D. Rospertson. “ Four New British Amphipoda” (Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. xii, L89L,.p, 31). Sophrosyne Robertsoal, sp. n. Syrrhoe fimbriata, sp. n. Podoceropsis palmata, sp. n. Podocerus cumbrensis, sp. n. Rev. T. R. R. Stepsrna. Papers published in the Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. of the several dates. 1874, Amphithoe cuniculus, sp. n. 1876 . Probolium Spence-Batei, sp. n. 1878. Caprella fretensis, sp. u. Amphilochus Sabrinz, sp. 2. 1891. Talorchestia brito, sp. u. 328 Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. A. O. WALKER. Trans. Liverpool Biol. Soc. of the dates mentioned, except where otherwise indicated in the notes. 1888, Photis tenuicornis, G. O. | 1895. Paratylus uncinatus, G. O. Sars. Sars. 1889. Lysianax ceratinus, sp. n. Gammaropsis nana, G. O. Orchomene Goésii, Boeck. Sars. Podocerus isopus, sp. n. Photis pollex, sp. n. 1893. Herdmani, sp. n. 1896.*Phoxocephalus pectinatus, 1895. Nannonyx spinimanus, sp. n. sp. n. Paraphoxus oculatus, G. O. +Stenothoe crassicornis, sp. 0. Sars. 1897.{Parapleustesmegacheir, sp.n. Harpinia levis, G. O. Sars. 1898. Ambasia Danielsseni, Boeck. Amphilochus melanops, sp. n. Callisoma Kroyeri, Bruze- Metopa pusilla, G. O. Sars. hus. —— Bruzelii, Goés. Parvipalpus capillacea, Cher- reux. A. O. WALKER and JAMES HORNELL. Journ. Marine Zool. & Micros. vol. ii. 1896. Ampelisca gibba, G. O. Sars. | 1896, Menigrates obtusifrons, Gammarus Berilloni, Catta. Boeck. THOMAS SCOTT. Papers on the Crustacea of the Firth of Forth and Loch Fyne published in the ‘ Annual Rep. Fish. Board of Scotland’ ot the several dates yiven; other papers are referred to in the notes. Mr. Scott’s work has been admirable and his assiduity excessive. His lists of the marine Crustacea of the Firth of Forth include descriptions and most careful illustrations of an immense number of new Copepoda ; and, taken together with his other papers on the land and freshwater Crustacea of the neighbourhood of Edinburgh, constitute by far the fullest information with respect to the Crustacean fauna of a district that has ever been published. 1890. Phoxocephalus Fultoni, sp. n. Siphonecetes Colletti, Bueck. G, O. Sars. 1893. Anonyx nugax, Phipps. Metopa propinqua, G. O. §Cyproidea brevirostris, T. & Sars. A, Scott, sp. n. | 1894. Amphilochoides _ pusillus, * Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. xvii. p. 343. + Rep. Brit. Assoc. for 1896 (1897), p. 420. The “Report” contains a full list of al/ the Crustacea of the Liverpool district. ¢ Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. vol. xxvi. p. 280. § Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. xii. p. 244. Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. 329 1894. Paramphithoe monocuspis, | 1896.¢? Mera Brooki, sp. n. G. O. Sars. 1897. POrchemenella minuta, Apherusa borealis, G. O. Sars. Kroyer. Harpinia crenulata, G. O. $? Ampelisca — Eschrichtii, Sars. Kroyer. *Metopa robusta, G. O. Sars. ? Stegocephaloides auratus, 1896. Amphilochoides —_interme- G. O. Sars. dius, sp. n. Monoculodes _ tuberculatus, Gammarus Duebeni, Lillje- G. O. Sars. borg. 1898. Dulichia monacantha, G. O. Cheirocratus _ intermedius, Sars. G. O. Sars. Fam. IIT. Pontoporeiide. [Genus 1. PonroporerA, Kroyer, [ Pontoporeia femorata, Kroyer. 1842. Pontoporeia femorata, Kroyer, Naturhist. Tidsskr., 1 Rekkes, vol. iv. p. 153; Voyage en Scand. &e. pl. xxiii. fig. 2. 1859. Pontoporeia furcigera, Bruzelius, Scand. Amphip. Gamm. p. 49. 1876. Pontoporeia femorata and furcigera, Boeck, (138) pp. 197 & 201. 1891. Pontoporeia femorata, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 128, pl. xli. fig. 1. Off Hare Island, Waigat Sound, Greenland, in 175 fathoms, ‘Valorous,’ 1875. Distrib. Klosterelv Fiord, East Finmark, 3-5 fathoms, 1890 (A. M. N.) ; Tromsé (Schnetder) ; Spitsbergen (Lovén) ; Gulf of St. Lawrence (S. 7. Smith)): Mus. Nor. Through- out the Arctic Ocean and southward as far as the Baltic. Kiel (Blanc); West Sweden (Lil/jeborq).] Genus 2. BaTHyporetrA, Lindstrém. I cannot regard some of the following forms as entitled to specific—indeed, they seem hardly worthy of varietal— * Moray Firth (Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. xiii. p. 148). + Isle of Mull. t The four following species are from the Clyde district. Of these Ampelisca Eschrichtu, Stegocephaloides auratus, and Orchemenella minuta, Kroyer, have not been seen by Mr. Scott; but are given by him from a MS. catalogue of Crustacea dredged by Sir J. Murray’s steamer, the ‘Medusa.’ In noticing Orchemenella minuta in the paper preceding this (p. 204) I committed two errors, for the first of which 1 cannot account ; the date 1870 is substituted for “16-17 fathoms,” and in stating “we do not know the authority who identified the species,” I had overlooked a note of Mr. Scott’s at p. 109 (Fifteenth Ann. Rep. Fishery Board of Scotland), which states that the “Crustacea” were identified by R. I. Pocock, Esq. I have now consulted Mr. Pocock, and he tells me that he wishes that the occurrence of these species in Loch Fyne should be considered doubtful unless subsequently confirmed. 330 Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. separation. Moreover, Jules Bonnier has stated that there is dimorphism in the males in this genus (Jules Bonnier, “ Le dimorphisme des males chez les Crustacés Amphipodes,” Comptes rendus Acad. Sci., Dec. 22, 1890). 50. Bathyporeia norvegica, G. O. Sars. 1862. Bathyporeia pilosa, Bate & Westwood, (1) vol. i. p. 304 (partly at any rate). 21876. Bathyporeia pilosa, Boeck, (138) p. 209, pl. vii. fig. 3. 1891. Bathyporeia norvegica, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 128, pl. xliii. For remarks on Bate’s specimens of B. pilosa see Walker, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. xv. p. 470. It is a question whether Bate’s name Guzlliamsonit (Thersites Guilliamsonti, Bate, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. xix. p. 146) ought not to be used for this species. Sars applies the name Bathyporeta pilosa, Lindstrom, to a Baltic form not yet found in our seas, Hab. Apparently the commonest form in Britain. Shet- land; Isle of Cumbrae; and Guernsey (A. VM. N.); Banff (1. Edward); Aberdeen (2. Dawson) ; Whitburn, Co. Dur- ham (G. S. Brady) ; Firth of Forth (7. S.): Mus. Nor. North Wales and Isle of Man (A. O. W.); 70-80 miles off Spurm Head (7. S.) ; Jersey (Chevreuz). Distrib. Ognebuct, off Jeederen, south coast of Norway (G. O. Sars); Le Croisic, Western France (Chevreux). 51. Bathyporeia pelagica, Bate. 1862. Bathyporeia pelagica, Bate & Westwood, (1) vol. i. p. 309, 3. 1875. Bathyporeva pilosa, Stebbing, “On the Genus Bathyporeia,” Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. xv. p. 74, pl. iii.* 1877. Bathyporeia tenuipes, Meinert, “ Crust. Isop. Amphip. et Decap. Danie,” Naturhist. Tidsskr., 5 Reekkes, vol. xi. p. 101. 1891. Bathyporeia pelagica, Sars, (142) p. 129, pl. xliv. fig. 1. Hab. Shetland and Isle of Cumbrae (A. M. N.) ; Banff (T. Edward); Aberdeen (2. Dawson); 25 miles off May Island, Firth of Forth (Murray) ; Firth of Forth (7. 8.) ; ‘Porcupine,’ 1869, Stat. 18, west of Clew Bay, Ireland, 183 fathoms: Aus, Nor. 70-80 miles off Spurm Head (1. S.). Isleof Man; Noith Wales; Guernsey (A. O. W.); Jersey (Stnel & Fornell). St. Andrews (M‘Intosh). Distrib. With the preceding at Ognebuct, off Jederen, South Norway, and Lofoten Islands (Sars) ; Tromsé and Vardé, Finmark (Schnetder) ;. Sweden (tide Sars) ; Denmark (Mernert) ; West France (Chevreuz). * Referred to by Sars, but fig. 1 appears to be B. norvegica, Sars, while the male is B. pelagica. Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. 331 52. Bathyporeia Robertsoni, Bate. 1862. Bathyporeia Robertsont, Bate & Westwood, (1) vol. i. p. 307. 1891. Bathyporeia Robertsonn, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 131, pl. xliv. fig. 2 Hab. Isle of Cumbrae (A. M. N.); Firth of Forth (7. 8.) : Mus. Nor. East Loch Tarbert, Loch Fyne (7. S.). Distrib. Three adult males, Sérver, West Finmark (G. O. Sars) ; Western France (Chevreuz). 53. Bathyporeia gracilis, G. O. Sars. 1891. Bathyporeia gracilis, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 132, pl. xlv. fig. 1. Hab. ‘ Porcupine,’ 1869, Stat. 6, west of the Shannon, Ireland, in 90 fathoms: Mus. Nor. Distrib. One male and one female, off West Norway, in rather deep water (G. O. Sars); Le Croisic, Western France (Chevreuxr). Genus 8. HAusTorius, Statius Miiller. = Lepidactyls, Say,= Pterigocera, Latreille,= Bellia, Bate, = Sulcator, Bate. 54. Haustorius arenarius (Slabber). 1769. Oniscus arenarius, Slabber, Naturkundige Verlustigengen &c. p. 92, pl. xi. figs. 5, 4. 1818. Lepidactylis dytiscus, Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. i. p. 379 *. 1862. Sulcator arenarius, Bate & Westwood, (1) vol. i. p. 189. 1878. Pterygocera arenaria, Bovallius, “ Notes on Pterygocera arenaria, K. Svens. Vet.-Akad. Hand. vol. iv. no. 8, pls. i., ii. iii. 1891. Haustorius arenarius, Sars, (142) p. 135, pl. xlvi. Bovallius, in the paper referred to, gives figures of the variously constructed sete: and sensory organs of this very interesting and beautiful species. Hab. Kames Bay, Isle of Cumbrae; near Sunderland (A. M. N.); Barmouth and Llanfairfechan, North Wales (Stebbing): Mus. Nor. Paignton, Devon (Stebbing) ; Burnt- island, Firth of Forth (7. S.). Distrib, Karmo, West Norway (Boeck); Kattegat (Bo- vallius) ; Holland (Slabber); Western France (Chevreuz) ; N.E. America (S. LZ. Smith). * Prof. S. I. Smith has compared specimens from England which I sent him with the North-American species, and found them identical (Trans. Connect. Acad. vol. iv. 1880, p. 282). 332 Ganon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. Genus 4. Urornoe, Dana. Stebbing published an elaborate paper “On the Genus Urothoe and a New Genus, Urothoides”” (Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. xiii, 1891). He examined the specimens then in my collection, and I follow here his lead, but think that some of the species are of doubtful value ; but, on the other hand, I can still less acquiesce in Della Valle’s views, who not only unites the whole of the forms here included, but adds U. irros- trata, Dana, U. abbreviata, Sars, and U. Pouchett, Chevreux. But on the question what characters suffice for specific distinc- tion naturalists will always find it necessary to agree to differ. 54*. Urothoe pulchella (A. Costa). 1857. Egidia pulchella, A. Costa, “ Crost. Amfip. Regno di Napoli,” Mem. d. R. Accad. d. Sei. di Napoli, vol. i. p. 190, pl. iv. figs. 3 a—g. 1887. Urothoe pulchella, Stebbing, 1. c. p. 11, pl. iv. a. 1893. Urothoe irrostrata, Della Valle, (139) p. 664, pl. v. figs. 3, 8, pl. xxxvi. figs. 1-18, pl. Ix. figs. 11, 12. Hab. “ Several specimens of this Urothoe have been ob- tained in the Firth of Forth; it is a smaller species than U. marina” (T. Scott, ‘‘ Addit. to Fauna of the Firth of Fourth,” Fourteenth Rep. Fish. Board of Scotland, 1896, p. 159). This is the only notice of it as a British species. Distrib. Naples (A. M. N.); West France (Chevreuz). I was struck with the lovely rose-colour of the species (or, at any rate, of the males) when I took them (see Della Valle, pl. v. fig. 8). 55. Urothoe elegans, Bate. 1862, Urothoe elegans, Bate & Westwood, (1) vol. i. p. 200. 1887. Urothoe elegans, Stebbing, . c. p. 15, pl. 1. Hab. Shetland, 60-70 fathoms; Isle of Cumbrae (A. IZ. W.) ; off 8.W. Ireland (Haddon) ; and the following from ‘ Porcu- pine, 1869, Donegal Bay: Stats. 17 and 18, in 183 and 1230 fathoms, off Donegal Bay ; also two other stations off west of Ireland, in 90 and 1630 fathoms: Mus. Nor. Heb- rides (A, M. N.) ; off Ormes Head and North Wales and Blacksod Bay, Ireland (A. O. W.) ; Jersey (Sineld Hornell). Distrib. West France and Azores (Chevreuzr). 56. Urothoe marinus, Bate. 1862. Urothoe Bairdii, Bate & Westwood, (1) vol. i. p. 198, ¢. 1862, Urothoe marinus, Bate & Westwood, (1) vol. i. p. 195, 2. 1887. Urothoe marinus, Stebbing, J. c, p. 16, pl. ii. Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. 333 Hab. Balta Sound, Shetland; near Holy Island, North- umberland ; Sleat Sound, Skye; Firth of Clyde (4. M. UN.) ; Guernsey (G. S. Brady): Mus. Nor. Ardbear Bay, Ireland (Brady & Robertson) ; Liverpool district (A. O. W.); Firth of Forth (Z. 8.) ; Loch Fyne (Sir J. Murray, fide T. S.) ; Goodrington Sands, Devon (Stebbing). MNstrib. Denmark (Meinert) ; Western France (Barrois &c.). 56*. Urothoe norvegica, Boeck. 1876. Urothoe norvegica, Boeck, (138) p. 226, pl. vi. fig. 9, pl. vii. fig. 4. 1887. Urothoe norvegica, Stebbing, 7. c. p. 21, pl. iv. B. 1891. Urothoe norvegica, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 188, pl. xlvii. Hab, Stebbing gives as his only authority “ The Shetland Isles, taken by the Rev. A. M. Norman in 1867.” I have not these specimens in my collection, nor, indeed, any Uro- thoe taken in 1867. Mr. D. Robertson recorded it from Cumbrae, but clearly what he meant was U. Bairdii, and he adopted Boeck’s nomenclature, which makes that Urothoe a synonym of U. norvegica. Distrib. Trondhjem Fiord, Norway (A. M. .): Mus. Nor. Sars records it in various depths from 20 to 100 fathoms from the south of Norway to West Finmark. 57. Urothoe brevicornis, Bate. 1862. Urothoe brevicornis, Bate & Westwood, (1) vol. i. p. 198. 1887. Urothoe brevicornis, Stebbing, /. ¢. p. 23, pls. iil. & iv. c. Hab. Firth of Clyde (D. &., specimens named U. marinus) : Mus. Nor. LUlanfairfechan, North Wales, from the banks of little streams or pools left in the sands at low tide, and Good- rington, near Torquay (Stebbing) ; Largo Bay, Firth of Forth (7. S.) ; Guernsey and Valentia, Ireland (A. O. W.); Jersey (Stnel & Hornell). Distrib. West coast of France (Chevreux). Fam. LV. Phoxocephalide. Genus 1. PHOXOCEPHALUS, Stebbing. = Phoxus, Kroyer (name preocc.). (Including Paraphoxus, G. O. Sars, and Metaphoxus, J. Bonnier.) Phoxocephalus appears to be a natural genus, and attempts to divide it on very slight variations of the maudible break up that natural group. The allied Harpinia is a parallel case ; it might be split up on similar trivial differences in the mandible (see Sars’s figures of mandible in H. piumosa, Hi. pectinata, and H. crenulata). 334 Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. 58. Phoxocephalus Holbélh (Kroyer). 1842. Phorus Holbélli, Kroyer, Naturhist. Tidsskr. vol. iv. p. 151; 2 Rekkes, vol. i. 1844, p. 551. 1853. Phoxus Kréyeri, Stimpson, Marine Invert. Grand Manan, p. 58. 1861. Phovrus Holbélli, Bate & Westwood, (1) vol. i. p. 143. 1876. Phorus Holbolli, Boeck, (138) p. 214, pl. vii. tig. 5. 1891. Phoxocephalus Holbolli, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 144, pl. xlix. Hab. Isle of Cumbrae (A. J. V.); Banff, N.B. (7. Had- ward): Mus. Nor. Firth of Clyde and Firth of Forth (7. S.). Distrib. Greenland, § Valorous,’ 1875; Svolver, Lofoten Islands; Vadsé and Bog Fiord, Kast Finmark (A. JZ. N.); Casco Bay, N.E. America, 1873 (S. I. Smith, as “ Phoxus Kréyeri”): Mus. Nor. Arctic Ocean generally. Rare in the more southern parts of Norway (G. O. Sars); West Sweden (Goés); Denmark (Meznert) ; west coast of France ? (Chevreux ; but it is omitted in his most recent revised list). The sete on the anterior coxe are usually more numerous than the four given by Bate and Westwood, usually 8-10. In the specimen figured by Sars they are still more nume- rous. When the mandible-palp is examined this species is easily distinguished from Paraphowus oculatus, and this palp can often be seen projected without dissection. When that character is not visible I find the best points by which to recognize this species from Paraphoaus oculatus ave the much shorter nails of the anterior perzeopods, the shorter and stouter character of the three hinder pereeopods, and the form of the posterior lobe of the last pereeopod, which is truncated below. 59. Phoxocephalus oculatus (G. O. Sars). 1880. Phoxus oculatus, G, O. Sars, “ Crust. et Pycnog. in itin, 2 et 3 Exped. Norveg. inventa,” Archiv for Mathem. og Naturvid. 1880, . 441. 18B5. Phoxus oculatus, G. O. Sars, (104) p. 154, pl. xiii. figs. 4, 4 a-e, 1891. Paraphowus oculatus, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 149, pl. li. 1893. Phoxocephalus oculatus, Della Valle, (139) p. 740, pl. v. fig. 5, pl. xxxv. figs. 19-38. Della Valle figures only 4-6 setee on the coxe of the enathopods and anterior pereopods ; but in a specimen sent to me by him and in others which | took myself at Naples these sete are more numerous (6-10). His figure 28 of the last uropods does not agree with the Neapolitan specimens which ] have examined, in which the inner branch is much shorter (as in Sars’s figure). This species comes very near to, if it be not identical with, Phorus maculatus, Chevreux (Bull. Soc. Zool. de France, vol. xii., Feb. 28, 1888), which he has since called Paraphorus maculatus; the following Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. 335 words, however, scarcely accord with the present species :— “ Pedes 3™ et 4% paris [7. e. first and second perxopods] ungue multo breviore quam articulo 5* elongato.” The nails in P. oculatus are very long and afford a good characteristic as compared with the short nails of Phowo- cephalus Holbélli. Hab. St. Magnus Bay, Shetland, 1867, a single specimen (A. M. N.; recorded in Shetland Report of 1868 as Phoxus Fflolbolt’) : Mus, Nor. Seven miles off Bradda Head, Isle of Man, 31 fathoms (A. O. W.). Distrib. Yromsé, Finmark (J. S. Schneider); Naples (A. M. N.): Mus. Nor. Greenland (H. J. Hansen); Jan Mayen; Finmark and Norway coast as far south as Farsund (G. O. Sars), 60. Phoxocephalus simplex (Bate). 1857. Phoxus simpler, Bate, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. xx. 525. 1861. Phoxus simplex, Bate & Westwood, (1) vol. i. p. 140. 1896. Phoxocephalus simplex, Calman, “ On Species of Phoxocephalus a ented Trans. Roy. Irish Acad. vol. xxx. p. 748, pl. xxxii. 1896 Phoxocephalus pectinatus, A. O. Walker, ‘On Two new Species of Amphipoda Gammarina,” Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. xvii. p. 343, pl. xvi. figs. 1-6, and vol. xviii. p. 156. 1896, Metaphoxrus typicus, Bonnier, Results sci. de Campagne du ‘Caudan,’ Edriophthalmes, p. 630, pl. xxxvii. fig. 1. 1898. Metaphovus pectinatus, Chevreux, “ Réyis. des Amphip. de la céte océan de France,” Assoc. Frangaise pour Advance, des Sci. p. 477 (no description or figure). TI cannot but think that this must be the Phovus simplex of Bate. What is stated with respect to the want of eyes may have arisen from his suspicion that some special medium that he employed may have destroyed them. Ist. I have examined Bate’s specimen in the British Museum, and am not disposed to question Mr. Walker’s opinion that it is referable to Phowocephalus Holbélli; but it certainly is not the specimen described and figured by Bate, for the antenne are quite different. 2nd. As regards size, I have some specimens from Valentia which are much finer than usual and as long as the line above Bate and Westwood’s figure which indicates the length. 3rd. As regards the antenne, the description of Bate and Westwood does not agree with the figure, where the rostrum is represented only as long as the peduncles of the upper antenne, and this is the case with the present species ; and although the figure in the Brit. Mus. Cat. does agree with the description, is it not more. likely that the 336 Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. second figure is more correct than the first? 4th. Points I lay great stress upon are the difference in size of the gnathopods and the large process (represented in the Brit. Mus. Cat.) which is at the base of the palm of the second gnathopods. It is in form as a hood, from the inside of which rises a conspicuous sharp spine (see Calman, gn.’ and gn.'*). The Phowus simplex of Boeck (nec Bate) is a synonym of Leptophoxus faleatus, G. O. Sars. Hab. Firth of Clyde; Roundstone Bay and Valentia, Treland; Brelade Bay, Guernsey (Ad. M. N.): Mus. Nor. Guernsey, 7 fathoms (A. O. W.); Cumbrae (D. &., fide Calman). Distrib. West coast of France (Chevreux & Bonnier). 61. Phoxocephalus Fultont, T. Scott. 1890. Phoxocephalus Fultoni, T. Scott, “ Additions to the Fauna of the Firth of Forth,” Eighth Ann. Rep. Fish. Board Scotland, p. 327, pl. xii. figs. 10-12, pl. xiii. figs. 13-19. 1892. Phoxocephalus Fultoni, D. Robertson, “Second Contrib. Isop. and Amphip. Firth of Clyde,” Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Glasgow, vol. iii. p. 13 (separate copy). 1893. Phoxocephalus chelatus, Dalla Valle, (189) p. 142, pl. v. fig. 10, pl. xxxv. figs. 29-35, 1896. Phoxocephalus Fulton, Calman, “On Species of Phoxocephalus and Apherusa,” Trans. Royal Irish Acad. vol. xxx. p. 748, pl. xxxi. figs. 1, 2. Hab. Roundstone, Ireland, tow-net, 1874; Firth of Clyde, tow-net, 1884; Mylor Creek, Falmouth, 1884; Plymouth, tow-net, 1889 ; Guernsey (A. /. N.); Isle of Cumbrae (D. £., as ‘¢ Phoxus Holbéllit): Mus. Nor. Off St. Monace, Firth of Forth (7. S.) ; near Menai Bridge; Port Hrin (Isle of Man) ; and Jersey (A. O. W.). Distrib. Naples (A. M. N.); La Croisic, west coast of France (Chevreuz). I conclude that this is Phoxwus Holbéllii of Robertson’s “ First Contribution,” as he sent me at that time specimens taken in the tow-net under this name. I subsequently took it myself in the Clyde by tow-net. Genus 2. Harptnia, Boeck. [ Harpinia plumosa (Kroyer). 1842. Phoxus plumosa, Kroyer, Naturhist. Tidsskr. vol. iv. p. 152; 2 Reekkes, vol. i. 1844, p. 563. 1891. Harpinia plumosa, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 151, pl. lii. Greenland, ‘ Valorous,’ 1875. An Arctic form, “ Spets- bergen, Novaya Zemlia; the Kara Sea and the Siberian Polar Sea” (G. O 8.).] Canon A.M. Norman on British Amphipoda. aot 62. Harpinta neglecta, G. O. Sars. 1862. Phoxus plumosus, Bate & Westwood, (1) vol. i. p. 146 (and of all British authors). 1890. Harpinia antennaria, Meinert, (71) p. 160, pl. i. figs. 39-41, ¢. 1891. Harpinia neglecta, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 153, pl. lili. fig. 1. Hab. Shetland; Isle of Skye; Firth of Clyde; North- umberland and Durham coasts; Salcombe, Devon; Guernsey; off Bundoran, Ireland (A. MZ. N.) ; ‘ Porcupine,’ 1869, Stat. 6, west of the Shannon, Ireland, 90 fathoms: Mus. Nor. North Wales and Isle of Man (A. O. W.); Loch Fyne, 80 fathoms, and Loch Ranza, Arran (D. &.) ; Loch Linnhe (G. Brook) ; Firth of Forth (2. S.). Distrib. Bog Fiord, Kast Finmark, 3-5 fathoms ; ‘Trond- hjem Fiord, Norway, 20-40 fathoms; Naples, 1887 (A.V. N.): Mus. Nor. Whole coast of Norway, Bohuslin, Kattegat (G. O. Sars) ; Western France (Chevreuz). 63. Harpinia pectinata, G. O. Sars. 1891. Harpinia pectinata, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 154, pl. liii. fig. 2. Hab. ‘Porcupine,’ 1869, Stat. 3, lat. 51° 38! N., long. 12° 50’ W., 722 fathoms; Stats. 17, 18, 19, lat. 54° 15’ to 54° 28’, long. 10° 56’ to 11° 44' W., 183-1360 fathoms ; Stat. 23 a, lat. 56° 13/, long. 14° 18’, 420 fath. These stations are all to the west of ‘Ireland and between Ireland and Rockall: Mus. Nor. Distrib. Trondhjem Fiord, Norway, 250-300 fathoms (A. M. N.): Mus. Nor. From the south of Norway north- wards to Tromsé and coast of Bohuslan (G. O. Sars) ; Western France (Chevreuz). 64. Harpinia crenulata, Boeck. 1870. Harpinia erenulata, Boeck, (1387) p. 56. 1876. Harpinia crenulata, Boeck, (188) p. 221, pl. viii. fig. 2. 1891, Harpinia crenulata, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 158, pl. lv. fig. 2. 1894. Harpinia crenulata, T, Scott, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. xili. p. 147. Hab. Off Farland Point, Isle of Cumbrae, 20-25 fathoms ; Valentia, Ireland (A.W. N.): Mus. Nor. Off Bradda Head, Isle of Man, 39 fathoms (A. O. W.); vicinity of Inchkeith and other parts of the Firth of Forth, and Campbeltown Loch, Cantyre (T. S.). Distrib. 'Trondhjem Fiord, Norway, 40-300 fathoms (A. M. NV.) ; South Norway (G. O. Sars): Mus. Nor. South and West Norway (G. VU. S.); Tromsé (Schneider) ; coast of Bohuslan (fide Sars) ; Denmark (Meznert) ; west coast of France (Chevreuz). 338 Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. [Harpinia abysst, G. O. Sars. 1880. Harpinia abyssi, G. O. Sars, “Crust. et Pyenog. Nova exped. N ESS anno 1877 et 1878 collecta,” Archiv for Math. og Naturvid. . 44: : 1861. Diearun carinata, id. ibid. p. 444, ¢. 1885. Harpinia abyssi,G.O. Sars, (104) p. 157, pl. xiii. figs. 5, 5a-n, Q. 1885. Harpinia carinata, id. ibid. p. 159, pl. xiii. figs. 6, 6a-e, 3. 1891. Harpinia abyssi, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 160, pl. lvi. fig. 1, d Q. ‘Lightning,’ 1868, Stat. 3, close to the Faroe Bank, in 229 fathoms, lat. 60° 31! N., long. 9° 18’ W. “Outside the great fishing-banks from the 63rd to the 75th degree of latitude, and extending westwards to the sea between Iceland and Jan Mayen” (G@. O. S.).] 65. Harpinia levis, G. O. Sars. 1891. Harpinia levis, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 161, pl. lvi. fig. 2. Hab. ‘ Porcupine,’ 1869, Stat. 24, lat. 56° 26! N., long. 14° 28’ W.., south of Rockall, 109 fathoms: Mus. Nor. Seven miles west of Niarbyl, Isle of Man, 45 fathoms, mud (ASO. WW). Distrib. Rédberg, Trondhjem Fiord, Norway, 20-40 fathoms (A. M. N.): Mus. Nor. Sars gives as localities the same fiord and Hardanger Fiord, in 50-100 fathoms. 66. LHarpinia latipes, sp. n. Female.—The upper antenne have the second joint of the peduncle edged with a row of six long plumose sete, within which are two minute plumose sete, and between these a single penicillate auditory organ. The first joint of the lower flagellum is nearly as long as the second joint of the peduncle and much longer than the last joint. The lower antenne have the penultimate joint furnished with about fourteen spines in the anterior set, and the posterior lobe is edged with twelve plumose sete, within which are eight long slender straight spines, and in the space between them and the anterior set of spines there is a very long spine which, reaching forward, extends nearly to the extremity of the first joint of the flagellum; the last joint of the peduncle has eight long slender spines (not plumose set) on the posterior margin ; the joints of the flagella of both pairs of antenne are very oblique. The gnathopods are obliquely oval and the palm is defined by a strong spine of some length; in the first pair the palm is somewhat longer than the remaining portion of the poste- rior margin, while in the second pair the slightly concave palm occupies nearly three fourths of the posterior margin, Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. 339 The last pereopods have a large forward projection of the basal joint edged with fifteen long plumose sete, while the Harpinia latipes. Last pereeopod. posterior lobe is largely developed, reaching downward to the extremity of the meros; the margin cut into nine serra- tions, five of which are very large, the uppermost of all considerably smaller, and the three lowest smaller still; a small seta is situated at the base of each serration; the ischium has eight setae on the anterior margins, the central of which are long and plumose ; the ischium, meros, and carpus are subequal in length; the hand slightly longer and the nail longer than the hand. The above description is taken from separated mounted limbs ; the specimen itself I cannot at the present time find, so am unable to give further particulars, but the last pereeopod at once distinguishes it from all described species, and in the anterior lobe of the basal joint finds its counterpart only in Harpinia abyssi, G. O. Sars, from which the deeply cut posterior lobe at once distinguishes it. Hab. A single female specimen taken by the ‘ Porcupine,’ 1869, Stat. 47, lat. 59° 34’ N., long. 7° 18! W., in 542 fathoms. This station is on the ‘¢ Holtenia”’-ground, N.N.E. of the Butt of Lewis. Fam. V. Ampeliscide. Genus 1. AMPELISCA, Kriyer. 67. Ampelisca typica (Bate). 1857. Tetromatus typicus, Bate, “Synopsis Brit. Edriophthalmous Crustacea,” Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. xix. p. 189. ? 1859. Ampelisca carinata, Bruzelius, Skand. Amphip. Gamm., K. Vet.- Akad. Hand. vol. iii. p. 87, pl. iv. fig. 16, ¢. 340 Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. 1861. Ampelisca Gaimardi, Bate & Westwood, (1) vol. i. p. 127 (nec Ampelisca Gaimardi, Kroyer). 1869. A mpelisca carinata, Norman, “ Last Report Dredging Shetland Isles,” Brit. Assoc. Rep. for 1868, p. 277, 3. 1891. Ampelisca typica, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 165, pl. lvii. Hab. Durham coast, Isle of Cumbrae ; Lough Foyle, Ire- land (A. M. N.); ‘ Porcupine,’ 1869, Stat. 6, off S.W. Ireland, 90 fathoms: Mus. Nor. Firth of Forth; off Spurm Head; Loch Fyne (7. 8.) ; Port Erin, Isle of Man (A. O. W.); Jersey (Sinel & Hornell). Distrib. Haakelsund in Kors Fiord, Norway, 3 fathoms ; Hardanger Fiord, 40 fathoms; Fosse de Cap Breton, Bay of Biscay, 35-60 fathoms (A. M. N.): Mus. Nor. South and West Norway up to Trondhjem Fiord, 20-60 fathoms (G. O. Sars) ; Kattegat and Bohusliin (Stockholm Museum, fide Sars) ; West France (Bonnier & Chevreuc). The specimens in the British Museum named Ampelisca Gaimardi by Bate are, as Mr. Walker has pointed out, refer- able (at any rate the large ones) to A. spinipes, Boeck; but they are females—the typical male ts not there. ‘The males of A, typica and A. spinipes are in general characters not very dissimilar; but Bate’s A. Gadmard?, which in 1869 I described and assigned to A. carinata, Bruzelius, appears to me, on account of the shortness of the upper antennee, as well as some other points, to be the species of which Sars has described both sexes under Bate’s original specific name A. typica. 68. Ampelisca tenuicornis, Lilljeborg. 1855. Ampelisca tenuicornis, Lilljeborg, Cifvers. af K. Vet.-Akad. Forhand. p. 128. 1869. Ampelisca levigata, Bate & Westwood, (1) vol. ii. p. 504 (nec A. levigata, Lilljeborg). 1869. Ampelisca tenuicornis, Norman, “ Last Report Dredging Shet- land Isles,” Rep. Brit. Assoc. for 1868, p. 276. 1891. Ampelisca tenuicornis, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 167, pl. lviii. fig. 1. Hab. Shetland; Isle of Skye; Tobermory, Mull; Firth of Clyde; off Seaham, Co. Durham ; Salcombe, Devon; Done- gal Bay, Ireland (A. Mf. NV.) ; Kirkwall Bay, Orkney (D. £.) ; “Porcupine, 1869, Stat. 18, west of Clew Bay, Ireland, 183 fathoms: Mus. Nor. Loch Fyne (D. &.); Firth of Forth (7. S.); Port Erin, Isleof Man; Guernsey ; Valentia and Dunbeacon Harbour, Ireland (4. O. W.). The late Dr. Robertson recorded this species also under the name “ Ampelisca propingua”’ from the Clyde, as I know from an examination of the specimens. Distrib. Christiania Fiord, Norway (A.M. N.) ; Bohuslin, Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. 341 Sweden (Lilljeborg): Mus. Nor. South and West Norway up to Trondhjem Fiord, in 30-100 fathoms (G. O. Sars) Kattegat (Meinert) ; West France (Chevreua). 69. Ampelisca spinipes, Boeck. 1870. Ampelisca spinipes, Boeck, (137) p. 143. 1876. Ampelisca spinipes, Boeck, (188) p. 526, pl. xxxi. fig. 5. 1891. Ampelisca spinipes, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 173, pl. lx. fig. 2. Hab. Shetland; Isle of Skye, 1866; Isle of Cumbrae, 1888 ; Northumberland coast, 1864; off Seaham, Co. Dur- ham ; near the Mewstone, Plymouth, 1889; Salcombe, Devon, 1875; Falmouth, 1884 (A. M. N.); Aberdeenshire, 1865 (R. Dawson); 25 miles off May Island, Firth of Forth, 35 fathoms, 1887 (Sir J. Murray); ‘ Porcupine,’ 1869, Stat. 6, off S.W. Ireland, 90 fathoms; Stat. 18, to west of Clew Bay, Ireland, 183 fathoms; Stat. 33, south of Cape Clear, Ireland, 74 fathoms; Stat. 90, Aoltenta-ground, N.N.E. of Butt of Lewis, 445 fathoms: Mus. Nor. Off Holy Island, Firth of Clyde, 36 fathoms, and near Skate Island, Loch Fyne, 80-100 fathoms (D. &.) ; common, Liver- _ pool district and Isle of Man, also Dingle Bay and off Skillig, 70-80 fathoins (A. O. W.) ; the Minch, off Barra, 40 fathoms (A. Somerville, fide D. £.). Distrib. Bergen Fiord, Norway (A. M/. N.); West Nor- way (G. O. Sars): Mus. Nor. S. and W. Norway as far north as Lofoten Islands, in 80-100 fathoms (G. 0. Sars) ; Kattegat (Meznert) ; Bohusliin (Stockholm Museum, fide Sars); Holland (Hoek); Western France ( Chevreux). 70. Ampelisca macrocephala, Lilljeborg. 1852. Ampelisca macrocephala, Lilljeborg, ‘‘ Havs-Crustaceer vid Kullaberg,” Géfvers. K. Vet.-Akad. Forhand. p. 7. 1869. Ampelisca macrocephala, Norman, “ Last Report Dredging Shetland Isles,” Brit. Assoc. Rep. for 1868, p. 278. 1876. Ampelisca macrocephala, Boeck, (138) p. 531, pl. xxx. fig. 6. 1891. Ampelisca macrocephala, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 172, pl. 1x. fig. 1. Hab. The Minch (A. M. N.) ; 25 miles off May Island, Firth of Forth, 35 fathoms (Sir J. Murray) ; Isle of Skye; Isle of Cumbrae (A. Mf. N.): Mus. Nor. Port Erin, Isle of Man, and off Bull Rock, 8. W. Ireland (A. UO. W.); St. Andrews (M‘Intosh). Distrib. Bergen Fiord and Trondhjem Fiord, Norway, 20-40 fathoms; Varanger and Klosterelv Fiords, East Fin- mark, 15-150 tathoms (A. M. N.) ; Holstenborg, Greenland, ‘ Valorous,’ 1875; N.E. America (S. J. Smith): Mus. Nor. Arctic Ocean, Labrador, Iceland, Spitsbergen, the Kara Sea (G. O. Sars); Bohuslan (Bruzelius); Kattegat (Meinert). 342 Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. 71. Ampelisca assimilis, Boeck. 1870, Ampelisca assimilis, Boeck, (137) p. 142. 1876, Ampelisca assimilis, Boeck, (138) p. 521, pl. xxxi. fig. 2. 1891. Ampelisca assimilis, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 168, pl. lviii. fig. 2. Hab. Off Marsden, Co. Durham, 10 fathoms ; off St. Mar- tin’s Point, Guernsey, 1868 (A. M. N.) ; ‘ Porcupine,’ 1869, Stat. 18, west of Clew Bay, Ireland, 183 fathoms: Aus. Nor. Near May Island, Firth of Forth (7. S.) ; Gairlock, West Scotland (G. Brook). Distrib. Bergen and Trondhjem Fiords, Norway (A. M.N.): Mus. Nor. South and West Norway (G. O. Sars); Bo- huslin (Stockholm Museum, fide Sars); west coast of France (Chevreuz). 72. Ampelisca brevicornis (A. Costa). 1853. Araneops brevicornis, A. Costa, Rend. Acc. Napoli, p. 171, and Amfip. Napoli, 1856, p. 180, pl. i. fig. 2. 1855, Ampelisca levigata, Lilljeborg, Gifvers. K. Vet.-Akad. Forhand. . 128. 1861. Ampelisca Belliana, Bate & Westwood, (1) vol. i. p. 185. 1869. Ampelisca levigata, Norman, “ Last Report Dredging Shetland Isles,” Brit. Assoc, Rep. for 1868, p. 277. 1891. Ampelisca levigata, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 169, pl. lix. fig. 1. 1893. Ampelisca brevicornis, Della Valle, (159) p. 473, pl. iv. fig. 4, pl. xxxvii. fig. 39 A. 0, pl. xxxviii. figs. 3, 5,6, &., A. b. Hab. Shetland; Valentia, Ireland (A. M. N.); Kirkwall Bay, Orkney (D. &.); Aberdeen coast (2. Dawson): Mus. Nor. Northumberland and Durham coasts (A. WZ. NV.) ; Firth of Clyde and Loch Fyne (D. &.); Firth of Forth (7. S&.) ; Isle of Man; off Southport; N. Wales (A. O. W.); Jersey (Sinel & Hornell). Distrib, Fosse de Cap Breton, Bay of Biscay, 35-60 fathoms ; Naples (A. Mf. N.) ; Bohuslan, Sweden, as ‘4. lavi- gata” (Lilljeborg): Mus. Nor. S. and W. Norway and northwards to the Lofoten Islands, in 20-60 fathoms (G. O. Sars); Kattegat (Meinert) ; Holland (Hoek); West France (Chevreuz). 73. Ampelisca gibba, G. O. Sars. 1882. Ampelisca gibba, G. O. Sars, (102) p. 107, pl. vi. fig. 1. 1891. Ampelisca gibba, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 171, pl. lix, fig. 2. Hab. ‘Porcupine, 1869, Stat. 3, off S.W. Ireland, 722 fathoms; Stats. 15 and 17, to west of Clew Bay, Ireland, 422 fathoms and 1230 fathoms: Jus. Mor. Guernsey (A. 0. W.). Distrib. ‘Porcupine,’ 1869, Stat. 11, outside entrance to Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. 343 English Channel, 1650 fathoms ; off Midté Lighthouse, Har- danger Fiord, 150-180 fathoms, and Rédberg, Trondhjem Fiord, 150-250 fathoms (A. M. N.); West Norway (G. O. Sars): Mus. Nor. 74. Ampelisca Eschrichtit, Kroyer. 1842. Ampelisca Eschrichtii, Kroyer, Naturhist. Tidsskr. vol. iv. p. 155. 1862, Ampelisca ingens (Stimpson, MS.), Bate, Cat. Amphip. Crust. Brit. Mus. p. 92, pl. xv. fig. 2. 1876. Ampelisca dubia, Boeck, (189) p. 527 (young, fide Sars). 1876. Ampelisca propinqua, Boeck, (139) p. 533, pl. xxxi. fig. 8 (some- what older, fide Sars). 1891. Ampelisca Eschrichti, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 174, pl. Ixi. fig. 1. Hab. ‘ Porcupine, 1869, Stat. 6, west of the Shannon, Treland, in lat. 52° 25’ N., long. 11° 40’ W., 90 fathoms : Mus. Nor. Distrib. ‘ Porcupine,’ 1869, Stat. 36, lat. 48° 50! N., long. 11° 9' W., in 725 fathoms (the most southern known habitat), and Stat. 62, in the Faroe Channel, 125 fathoms; Tromsé (Schneider); Varanger Fiord, 125-150 fathoms, and Bog Fiord, both in E, Finmark (A. MZ. NV.); Greenland (Lovén) ; Holstenborg, 30 fathoms, and Godhavn Harbour, 20 fathoms, ‘ Valorous,’ 1875 ; Barents Sea (‘ Willem-Barents,’ Stebbing) ; Gulf of St. Lawrence (S. LZ. Smith) : Mus. Nor. Throughout the Arctic Ocean from Greenland to the Siberian Sea; on the Norway coast it occurs in the north, reaching as far south as Bergen (G. O. Sars) ; Bohuslin (Lilljeborg). 75. Ampelisca odontoplax. 1880. Ampelisca odontoplax, G.O. Sars, “ Crust. et Pyenog. nova &e.,” Archiv for Math. og Naturvid. p. 454. 1885. Ampelisca odontoplax, G. O. Sars, (104) p. 196, pl. xvi. fig. 4. 1891. Ampelsca odontoplax, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 176, pl. 1xi. fig. 2. flab. ‘ Porcupine, 1869, Stat. 65, lat. 61° 10’ N., long. 2° 21’ W., in 345 fathoms; this station is N.E. of Shetland and on the border-line of the ‘ British Area’: Mus. Nor. Distrib. Off Midté Lighthouse, Hardanger Fiord, Norway, in 150-180 fathoms, and Rédberg, in the ‘Trondhjem Fiord, 250-800 fathoms (A. M. NV.): Mus. Nor. ‘The type specimens were taken by the ‘ Véringen’ * off Helgeland, Norway, in 142 fathoms; and Sars has subse- quently procured it at Hasvig on the west coast of Finmark, and at Bejan in the Trondhjem Fiord. * Vessel of the Norwegian North-Atlantic Expedition. 344 ° Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. 76. Ampelisca equicornis, Bruzelius. 1859. Ampelisca equicornis, Bruzelius, “ Bidrag till kinn. om Skand. rag es Gammarid.,” K. Vet.-Akad. Hand. vol. iii. p. 82, pl. iv. 1869. Ampelisca equicornis, Norman, “ Last Report Dredging Shet- land Isles,” Brit. Assoc. Rep. for 1868, p. 276. 1876. Ampelisca equicornis, Boeck, (138) p. 524, pl. xxxi. fig. 3. 1891. Ampelisca equicornis, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 177, pl. xii. fig. 1. Hab. Shetland; Isle of Skye; Guernsey (A. M. WN.) ; ‘Porcupine,’ 1869, off Bundoran, Ireland: Mus. Nor. O May Island, Firth of Forth (Dr. Henderson). Distrib. Drobik, Christiania Fiord ; off Midté Lighthouse, Hardanger Fiord, in 50-180 fathoms; Trondhjem Fiord, 150 fathoms (A. M. N.); ‘Porcupine,’ 1869, Stat. 78, lat. 60° 14’ N., long. 4° 30’ W., 290 fathoms: Mus. Nor. Whole of south and west coasts of Norway as far north as the Lofoten Islands, in 50-200 fathoms (Sars) ; Bohusliin (Bru- zelius) ; West France (Chevreux) ; Azores (Barrois). Genus 2. ByBuis, Boeck. 77. Byblis Gaimardi (Kidyer). 21848. Ampelisca Gaimardi, Kroyer, Voyage en Scand. pl. xxiii. fig. 1. 1870. Byblis Gaimardi, Boeck, (137) p. 148. 1876. Byblis Gaimardi, Boeck, (188) p. 543. 1891. Byblis Gaimardi, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 188, pl. lxiv. Hab. Off Seaham, Co. Durham (A. W/. N.): Mus. Nor. Off St. Abbs Head, 40 fathoms (Metzger) ; near May Island, Firth of Forth, Jan. 1890 (7. S.). Distrib. rondhjem Fiord, Norway, 250-300 fathoms ; Klosterely Fiord, E. Finmark, 3-5 fathoms (A. JZ. N.); Tromsé (Schneider); ‘ Valorous,’ 1875; Holsteinborg Har- bour, Greenland, 7-35 fathoms: Mus. Nor. Arctic Ocean from Greenland to Siberian Sea ((. O. Sars) ; Bohusliin (Bruzelius) ; Kattegat (Metnert). 78. Byblis erythrops, G. O. Sars. 1882. Byblis erythrops, G. O. Sars, (102) p. 109, pl. vi. fig. 3. 1892, Byblis erythrops, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 187, pl. Ixv. fig. 3. Hab. ‘ Porcupine,’ 1869, Stat. 8, to the west of Valentia, Treland, lat. 51° 38’ N., long. 12° 50’ W., in 722 fathoms: Mus. Nor. Distrib. Hardanger Fiord, Norway, in several places ; Varanger Fiord, Kast Finmark, in 125-150 fathoms (A. 1. NV.) ; Bejan, near entrance of ‘Trondhjem Fiord (@. 0. Sars) : Mus. Nor. he only other locality in which Sars has taken it is off Mageré, West Norway. Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda, 345 Genus 3. Hapioops, Lilljeborg. 79. Haploops tubicola, Lilljeborg. 1855. Haploops tubicola, Lilljeborg, Gifvers. af K. Vet.-Akad. Forhand. . 134, Q. 1955. Haploops carinata, id. ibid. p. 89, 3. 1868. Haploops tubicola, Norman, “ Crustacea Amphipoda new to Science or to Britain,” Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. ii. p. 411, pl. xxi. figs. 1-3 (and references). 1869. Haploops tubicola, Bate & Westwood, (1) vol. ii. p. 505. 1876, Haploops tubicola, Boeck, (138) p. 537, pl. xxx. fig. 5. 1876. Haploops carinata, id. ibid. p. 539, pl. xxx. fig. 6, ¢. 1892. Haploops tubicola, G. O, Sars, (142) p. 192, pl. Ixvii. Hab. Off Berwick-on-Tweed and near Holy Island, North- umberland ; Shetland; Isle of Skye; several places in Firth of Clyde (A. M. N.): Mus. Nor. Off Durham coast and 7 miles off Tynemouth, Northumberland (A. IZ. NV.) ; between Isle of Man and Great Ormes Head, 20-30 fathoms (A. O. W.) ; near Bass Rock and other parts of the Firth of Forth (7. 8.) ; Loch Linnhe, W. Scotland (G. Brook). Distrib. * Porcupine,’ 1869, Stat. 36, ouiside the entrance to the British Channel, in 725 fathoms; Godhavn Harbour, Greenland, in 5-20 fathoms, ‘ Valorous,’ 1875; Bay of Fundy, N.E. America (S. LZ. Smith); Bog and Varanger Fiords, East Finmark (A. M. N.); Bohuslin, Sweden (Lovén) ; Naples (Della Valle): Mus. Nor. Whole coast of Norway, Arctic Ocean generally to Siberian Polar Sea; the Baltic (G. O. Sars); Denmark (Meznert) ; Western France (Chevreuz). In my Shetland Report this species was twice recorded by myself as Haploops tubicola, and also on Mr. Spence Bate’s authority under the name ‘ Pontoporeda affinis”’ by mistake. The species forms for itself a very thick tube of mud, in which it makes its home. 80. Haploops setosa, Boeck. 1870. Haploops setosa, Boeck, (137) p. 148. 1876. Haploops setosa, Boeck, (138) p. 541, pl. xxx. fig. 7. 1888. Haploops setosa, D. Robertson, Contrib. to Cat. Amphip. and Isop. Firth of Clyde, p. 23. 1892. Haploops setosa, G. O. Sars, (142) p. 194, pl. Ixviii. fig. 1. Hab. Dredged off Skate Island, Loch Fyne, in 100 fathoms, mud (D. fh.) : Mus. Nor, There are, | believe, only three spots in our seas between our islands in which a depth of 100 fathoms can be found. ‘The others are near Cronlin Island in the Sound of Skye and between the islands of Cumbrae and Arran in the Firth of Clyde. ‘lhe immediate 346 Canon A. M. Norman on British Amphipoda. neighbourhood of these deep spots is the habitat of certain Mollusca and other animals not found, or scarcely to be found, elsewhere between our islands. Thus, Loch Fyne is the well- known locality of the shells Cuspidaria costellata, Deshayes, Cuspidaria abbreviata, Forbes, and Alvania subsoluta, Aradas, var. abyssicola, Forbes; here, too, are found the Crustacea Nyctiphunes norvegica, Sars, and Eucheta norvegica, Boeck, in the greatest profusion (two Crustacea to which the Loch Fyne herrings seem to owe their large size and fine flavour), Bythocypris complanata, G. S. Brady, and other deep-water forms not so restricted in their distribution. In the Sound of Skye and neighbourhood are Poromya granulata, Nyst & Westend., Cuspidaria abbreviata, Forbes, and costellata, Desh., Cryptodon ferruginosus, Forbes, Portlandia tenuis, Phil., Arca pectunculoides, Scacchi, &c. Of the inhabitants of the deep hole between Cumbrae and Arran we know less, but Sur J. Murray procured Nyctiphanes norvegica there in great abun- dance. These northern deep-water forms probably made their way to these localities at a geological period when the British Islands were more submerged than they are now, and the depths therefore were greater. It is remarkable that in our times the depths of many of the Scotch lakes far exceed the depth of any part of the sea at all near to our coasts. By the ‘ Porcupine’ Exped. it was taken at Stat. 3, off the south-west of Ireland, in 722 fathoms, and at Stats. 74 and 88, west of the Shetland Islands, in 203 and 290 fathoms: Mus. Nor. Distrib. ‘ Lightning,’ 1868, Stats. 3 and 6, Faroe Channel, in 229 and 510 fathoms; ‘ Knight Errant,’ Faroe Channel, Stat. 8, in 540 fathoms; ‘ Porcupine,’ 1870, Stat. 56, near the island Pantellaria, in the Mediterranean, 390 fathoms; Varanger Fiord, HK. Finmark, 125-150 fathoms; Rédberg, Trondhjem Fiord, Norway, 250-800 fathoms, and Hardanger Fiord, 150-180 fathoms (A. M. N.): Mus. Nor. Greenland, 48-183 fathoms (H. J. Hansen) ; Arctic Ocean generally. I have received specimens under this name from Prof. §. I. Smith, which were taken in the Bay of Fundy, N.E. America. I am inclined, however, to think that they should be referred to Haploops robusta, G. O. Sars. They are the largest examples 1 have seen, and in most points, such as the form of the cephalon and of the third segment of the metasome, they agree with Sars’s species ; but the proportionate lengths of the joints of the peduncles of the two pairs of antenne are different. y lg oh > at" vy Aah. 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