on i wh y ant vent +3 , ‘i ve i" Se a Peg Poe are ek RH Pe Sh agate cel ty iene 5 £4 Wate ( Mie 4s Ket 0 ; ft knee ft ati eeny 4 Oh ; Hf Matte el Pyiigh ‘ Hera TEER : ae ie B ify} i Fae sn fDi i bel ns a hy AL ya iy UREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY - BULLETIN 1520 ~ EE =o : yee Index to a ee " Schooleraft’ Boo “Indian Tribes of the United, States” | Compiled. by FRANCES S. NICHOLS Pattee ade ; i bf MO Ae ty iy) ; BE i xf i f f 4 shady 169 oe if wy ria (in Wenn Y te My Mi é Sah i ) rated ing ri i , f v4 aA Ray Mea With Janey 3 ui WA hy Sr AW eae SMS 71a " es bail ' oh | i Ta ANY Par GIN CCL AMY) Lp Ht if ‘ FAY 2) “I » Nba Sy DEAN y 7 Voda et 1 ik HW idk SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BULLETIN 152 Index to Schooleraft’s “Indian Tribes of the United States” Compiled by FRANCES 8S. NICHOLS UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1954 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. 8. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price $1.25 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, Bureau or AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY, Washington, D. C., January 15, 1951. Sir: I have the honor to transmit herewith a manuscript entitled “Index to Schoolcraft’s ‘Indian Tribes of the United States’,” com- piled by Frances S. Nichols, and to recommend that it be published as a bulletin of the Bureau of American Ethnology. Very respectfully yours, M. W. Stiauine, Director. Dr. ALEXANDER WETMORE, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. I INTRODUCTION One hundred years ago, on July 22, 1850, Henry Rowe Schoolcraft submitted for publication the first volume of his treatise on the Indian tribes of the United States. This volume was issued in 1851 under the title “Historical and Statistical Information Respecting the His- tory, Condition, and Prospects of the Indian Tribes of the United States, Collected and prepared under the direction of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, per act of Congress of March 3, 1847.” Schoolcraft, born on March 28, 1793, in Albany County, N. Y., attended public school in Hamilton, N. Y., and at the age of 15 entered Union College. Later he attended Middlebury College, where he showed great interest in linguistics and the natural sciences, particularly geology and mineralogy. In 1817 at Utica, N. Y., he wrote a book on glassmaking, that being the occupation of his father. His first explorations were in the Indian country of southern Missouri and Arkansas, where he studied the mineral resources in 1817-18. He published a book on the lead mines of Missouri in 1819. In 1820 he was a member of the Cass Expedition to the upper Mississippi and the Lake Superior copper region. In 1832 he made another expedition to the sources of the Mississippi, and published detailed accounts of both journeys. His travels in out-of-the-way places led to a strong interest in the Indians. In recognition of this, in 1822 he was appointed Indian agent for the tribes of Lake Superior. In 1823 he married a quarter- blood Chippewa girl, who though educated in Europe had lived much of her life in the native way. His interest in the Indians increased steadily and he soon made the study of Indians his full-time work. Needing data on the Indian problem, the Government made him Superintendent of Indian Affairs for Michigan in 1836. He served in this capacity until 1841, during which period he negotiated several treaties with the Chippewa, in- cluding the important treaty of March 28, 1836, whereby the United States obtained title to the northern third of the lower peninsula and the eastern half of the upper peninsula of Michigan. In 1828 he helped found the Historical Society of Michigan and in 1832 the Algic Society of Detroit.? 1A detailed biography of Schoolcraft is to be found in “Schoolcraft- Longfellow- Hiawatha,” by Chase S. Osborn and Stellanova Osborn, Lancaster, 1942. 7 Dictionary of American Biography, yol. 16, New York, 1935. Renan 4% IV BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Schoolcraft was a prolific writer and produced an impressive list of titles, mostly dealing with travel and Indian customs. Some of the more important of these are “Algic Researches,” a 2-volume ac- count of Indian mental characteristics published in 1839; “Oneota,” describing the Indian history and prospects, published in 184445; and “Personal Memories of Thirty Years with the Indian Tribes,” published in 1851. These works were of a literary rather than a scientific nature. Feeling strongly that the material he had collected should be made available for scientific study, he projected an Indian encyclopedia, but this was set aside for another project which was made possible for him through Government subsidy. In accordance with an act of Congress approved March 3, 1847, the Secretary of War appointed Schoolcraft “to collect and digest such statistics and materials as may illustrate the history, the present con- dition, and future prospects of the Indian tribes of the United States.” The first volume, issued in 1851, was followed by others in rapid succession, and by 1857 the publication of the entire set of six folio volumes had been completed. Copiously illustrated by Capt. Seth Eastman, this work under Government auspices was the first authori- tative general compendium on the American Indian. In compiling his material, Schoolcraft drew upon the knowledge of the leading specialists from different areas. Traders, missionaries, Indian agents, and others who had spent a great part of their lives with the Indians generously furnished him with detailed information in response to his officially sanctioned requests. His first act in preparation for his task was to draw up a circular under the sponsorship of the Office of Indian Affairs entitled “In- quiries, Respecting the History, Present Condition, and Future Prospects of the Indian Tribes of the United States.” The first of several editions of this circular was issued in July 1847, in accord- ance with the provisions of section 5, chapter 66, of the Laws of the Twenty-ninth Congress, second session, and approved March 3, 1847, which read, “And be té further enacted, That in aid of the means now possessed by the Department of Indian Affairs through its existing organization, there be, and hereby is, appropriated the sum of five thousand dollars to enable the said department, under the direction of the Secretary of War to collect and digest such statistics and material as may illustrate the history, the present condition, and future prospects of the Indian tribes of the United States.” The original circular recites that it was addressed to four classes of individuals, namely, “I. Persons holding positions under the depart- ment, who are believed to have it in their power to impart much practical information respecting the tribes who are, respectively, Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Vv under their charge. II. Persons who have retired from similar situa- tions, travelers in the Indian Territory, or partners and factors on the American frontiers. III. Men of learning or research who have perused the best writers on the subject and who may feel willing to communicate the results of their reading or reflections. IV. Teachers and missionaries to the aborigines.” The circular closes with an expression of the “anxiety which is felt to give the materials collected the character of entire authenticity, and to be apprised of any erroneous views in the actual manners and customs, character, and condition of our Indian tribes which may have been promulgated. The Government, it is believed, owes it to itself to originate a body of facts on this subject of an entirely authentic character, from which the race at large may be correctly judged by all classes of citizens, and its policy respecting the tribes under its guardianship, and its treatment of them, properly understood and appreciated.” The 348 inquiries in the circular embrace the history (and arche- ology), the tribal organization, the religion, the manners and customs, the intellectual capacity and character, the present condition, the future prospects, and the language, of the Indian tribes of the United States.’ In 1851, as stated above, the first of the six volumes of “Historical and Statistical Information” appeared. This important work, which did so much to crystallize the thinking of students of the American Indian during the formative years of anthropology in this country, has fallen into general disuse as a reference work during the present generation. This has been due in part to the general supposition that its contents, particularly as to theory, have become antiquated, and also to the fact that the huge bulk of material is badly organized. Lacking an index, the task of looking up particular topics has tended to frighten away would-be researchers. Despite its faults, this opus will always remain a mine of source material. At the time of its compilation, aboriginal culture in the United States, although rapidly disintegrating, was still a living, vital reality. This was particularly true of the tribes west of the Mississippi, which were just beginning to feel the effects of the en- croachment of white civilization. The bulk of the material reflects the direct observations of intelligent men who knew the Indians through long contact with them. Mrs. Nichols, whose long experience on the editorial staff of the Bureau of American Ethnology well fitted her for the task, is to be %Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri, by Edwin Thompson Denig, edited by J. N. B. Hewitt, 46th Annual Report, Bureau of American Ethonology, Washington, 1930, vi BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY {Bull. 152 congratulated for completing the tedious chore of indexing these books. It is to be hoped that the publication of this index will restore to more general use this now neglected classic on the American Indians. MatrHew W. SrikLING, Director, Bureau of American Ethnology. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “INDIAN TRIBES OF THE UNITED STATES” Compiled by Frances S. Nicuoxs [Roman numerals, 1, 1, 11, Iv, v, VI, indicate volume numbers] A Abacactes, brief account of, 11, 511 Abacaries, brief account of, 11, 511 Abacooche. See Coosa River. Aba-inka, Choctaw name for Supreme Being, 1, 511; v, 72 Abanakis. See Abnaki. Abanes, brief account of, tm, 511 Abankoui, brief account of, m1, 511 Abbacoochees, a Creek town, v, 262. Abbatotine. See Ambatawwoots. Abbetikis. See Abittibi. Abbinojee, term for infant, um, 63 Abbot and Deforest, murder of, 1, 217 Abbott, Thomas J., Creek census taken by, Iv, 579-581 Abecas (Abeicas), a Tombigbee River band, ul, 512 Abegiras, mission of, 111, 513 Abel, Mr., interpreter, 111, 161 Abenaki language. See Abnaki lan- guage. Abenakies, Abenakis, Abenaquis. See Abnaki. Abercrombie, Gen., vi, 226, 233 Abernaquis, variant spelling of Abena- quis, II, 513 See also Abnaki. Abert, Col. John J., 1, 220; m1, 95, 99 Abert, J. W., reference to report of, tI, 403 Abert, Lt., information furnished by, I, 198 Abetto, Chief, v1, 255 Abihka. See Abecas. Abikudshi. See Abbacoochees; bieccoochee. Abinakee, Abinakies, Abinakis, Abina- qui. See Abnaki. Ar- Abipones, account of, m1, 513 Abiquico pueblo, change in, v, 689 Abiquin, possibly Yuque-Yunque, rv, 39 Abiquiu. See Abiquico; Abiquin. Abisea, a region of Peru, 11, 513 Abitanis, a mountain of Peru, m1, 513 Abitegas, brief description of, mI, 513 Abittibi (Abbetikis, Tabittikis), 1m, 555, 556 totem, 11, 555, 556 Abittibi Lake, a Canadian lake, 1, 514 Abnaki (Abanakis, Abenakis, Abena- quis, Abinakee, Abinakies, Abina- kis, Abinaquis, Abonakies), 111, 5533 vi, 156 account of, m1, 512-513 at Braddock’s defeat, v1, 218 classification, tm, 401 derivation of name, m1, 512-513; vi, 174 district inhabited by, m1, 512, 559; Iv, 542; vi, 714 divisions, m1, 512 hunting grounds, v1, 714 migrations, vi, 734 missionary work among, vi, 735, 738 other names for, v1, 174 population, v1, 270 possible application of name, VI, 104 relations with English, vi, 173-175 relations with French, vy, 218 totems, II, 553 warriors, number of, 1, 553, 559; "vi, 270, 714 See also Obunegos; Opanangoes; Tarratines; Wabanakee. 1 2 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Abnaki (Abenaki) language, affinities, 1m, 512 publications in, 1v, 541-542 vocabulary, 111, 512 See also Openango language. Abo, or Abou, discussion of term, II, 514 Aboinug (Abwoin, Abwoinug), discus- sion of name, m1, 515 enemies of, 01, 1386, 141; v, 39 synonym of Sioux, v, 39 See also Dakota. Abonakies. See Abnaki. Aborigines. See Indians, Abortion, among the Dacotas, I, 252 among the Kenistenos, v, 167 Abraham (Little Abraham), Chief, ability of, v1, 281 brief account of, m1, 514 succession, to chieftaincy, Iv, 481 Absarokas (Absarokes), vi, 686 population of, 1, 257, 523; v1, 686 relation to Wattasoons, 11, 251 See also Crow Indians; Upsarokas. Absarokes. See Absarokas. Absecon, derivation of name, 11, 514— 515 Abstinence, Indian powers of, 11, 211 Abucees, a Quito settlement, m1, 515 Abwoin, Abwoinug. See Aboinug. Abyssinians, hair of, 1v, 3638-364 Acalhuas (Acolhuans), v, 106 arrival of, in Mexico, m1, 515 idol of, v1, 641 knowledge of metals, v1, 600 place in Mexican chronology, 11, 515 Valley of Mexico occupied by, v 95; vi, 596, 742 See also Tezcocans. Acalhuas and Chichemecas, dynasty of, v, 96 Acamuchitlan, settlement of, m1, 515 Acantepec, settlement of, 11, 515 Acari, brief description of, m1, 515 Acatepec, settlements called, m1, 516 Acatl, a day symbol, m1, 516 Acatlan, settlement of, m1, 516 Acaxee Indians, account of, 111, 516 Acazingo, population, m1, 516 Accocesaws, description, m1, 516 Accohanocs, brief account of, m1, 517 location, vi, 131 , [Bull. 152 Aeccomacs (Accomacks), brief account of, 11, 517; Vv, 36 name, meaning of, 1, 517; vi, 104 territory occupied by, v1, 131 Accomentas. See Accominta. Accominta (Accomentas, Accominti- cus), a Pawtucket division, 11, 517 listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Accominticus. See Accominta. Accouchement. See Childbirth. Accoutrements, description, m1, 69 Achafalaya, derivation of name, m1, 517 Achagua, description, 1m, 517 Achalaque group (Achalaques, Ache- laque), an ethnic group, 11, 343 De Soto in territory of, 1m, 35 map showing location, Ir, 28 modern Cherokees, 1, 35; mz, 41; v, 42, 482 one of seven generic families, 0, 33 Achaque, totem of, 11, 554 Achelaque. See Achalaque group. Achquanchicola, meaning of name, 11, 517 Achsissaghees, Iroquois name for Mis- Sissagies, 111, 517 Acolhuans. See Acalhuas; Tezcocans. Acoma (Acome), m1, 304; Iv, 77, 216; VI, 686 Acuco identified as, 1v, 26, 33, 39 arrival of Spaniards, Iv, 26, 32 language, v, 689 method of defense, Iv, 26 population, 1, 519; 11, 6383; v1, 686, 709 sketch of, Iv, 26 Acome. See Acoma. Acorns, use as food, m, 146; v, 649 Acquinoshionee (Acwinoshioni, Akqui- nashioni), v1, 298 name, meaning of, m1, 517, 532 for the Six Nations, v1, 298 for the Iroquois Confederacy, 1itity NUL Waly ayes Actopan, Othomi settlement of, m1, 517 Acuco, identified as Acoma, Iv, 26, 33, 39 Acuera, II, 57 reply to De Soto, 111, 37-38 ; v1, 63 A-cu-lah, Pecos name for Cicuyé, Iv, 35 Acutitlan, a Mexican settlement, m1, 518 Aewinoshioni. See Acquinoshionee. Nichols] Adaes. See Adai. Adai (Adaes, Adaize, Addees, Addies, Adees), VI, 686 brief account of, m1, 518 country occupied by, m1, 585, 596 listed as a linguistic family, m, 402 population, 1m, 585, 596; v1, 686 Adair, Andrew, murder of, Iv, 471 Adair, James, criticism of work of, v, 82 discussion of theory of, v, 86-88 quoted on celestial cherubim, v, 74 Adair, Washington, murder of, Iv, 471 Adaize. See Adai. Adams, President John Quincy, state of Indian tribes under, v1, 346-347, 418-427 Adario, activities, m1, 518-520; v, 521-— 524 character, v, 521-522 Adarondak. See Adirondacks. Addees, Addies, Adees. See Adai. Adic, or Adik, a mythological character, Ti, 520 Adikumaig, etymology of the word, 11, 520 Adirondacks (Adarondak), a name for the Algonquins, II, 521; 1v, 198, 204; v, 40, 137 Iroquois war on, iv, 382; vI, 188 name, meaning of, Iv, 384; v, 40, 137 population, vi, 270 warriors, number of, vr, 270 See also Orondocks. Adoles, a settlement of the Saliva na- tion, m1, 521 Adoption, as a compliment, m1, 189-1990, 195 of captives, 111, 185, 189; rv, 53 Adultery, punishment for, among the Creeks, v, 269, 273 Adze, illustrations of, m, 516 use of, 11, 514 Aegakotchéising (Ottawa), census of, I, 478-487 Affagoula, a Louisiana village, m1, 521 Agaces, account of, 11, 521 Agahonna, reference to, vi, 200 Agamentigus, application of the name, ine, Beal Agamuntic, a Maine lake, mm, 521 Agaraits, a Trinity River village, 111, 139 Agariata, Chief, brief account of, 111, 521 Agassiz, Louis, reference to, rv, 138, 190 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 3 Agawam tribe, country occupied by, mm, 521; v, 221 origin of name, v, 221 relations with the Pennacook, v, 222 Aggodagada, the giant, story of, m1, 521 Agiocochook, aboriginal name for White Mountains, m1, 521 Agnoles, country occupied by, 111, 522 Agouhanna, Chief, vi, 57 Agreskoe (Areskoui), Iroquois god of war, DI, 522, 536 Agrias, identification of, m1, 522 Agriculture, I, 54-61 among Choctaws and Chickasaws, VI, 526 among Moquis, Iv, 86 among Navajos, Iv, 212 among Ojibwas, m, 137 among Oregon Indians, 111, 222 at time of discovery of America, v1, 564 at Zui, vi, 221 implements used in, v, 106 Indian attitude toward, 11, 519; 111, 222 Indians unfitted for, 1, 2238 in the Mississippi Valley, 1, 50, 51 lack of, among Snake Indians, 1, 211 mmain products, 11, 270; Iv, 665 results of adoption, in Peru and Mexico, v, 392 See also Corn; Food; Garden-beds; Tobacco. Aguiluseo, settlement of, m1, 522 Aguirre, cited on head flattening, 1, 328 Agustine, Michael, treaty concluded by, v, 677 Ahachae, a band of Osages, Iv, 406 Ahahawa (Ahahaways, Ahahways), m1, 514 brief account of, m1, 250-251 Crow band, 11, 522 location, 11, 522 population, m1, 522 See also Wattasoons. Ahahaways. See Ahahawa. Ahahways. See Ahahawa. Ahahweh. See Ah-auh-wauk family. Ahapopka, a Florida lake, m1, 522 Ahasimus, an Indian place name, 11, 522 4 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Ah-auh-wauk (Ah-awh-wauk) family, characteristics, i1, 150 chief belonging to, m, 142 Ah-awk-wauk. See Ah-auh-wauk. Ahchessee, chief of the Yuquache, VI, 702 Ahealt. See Port Stuart Indians. A-hel-tah, a Trinity River village, 111, 139 Ah-hoo-zeeb-kaw’s Band, census of, I, 498-507 Ab loc e yoholo of Tuck a batch cha Town, Iv, 575 Ah-mau-dah-kas (Ah-nau-dah-kas), dwellings, v, 682 language, v, 682 origin tradition, v, 682 population, v, 702 See also Anadarko. Ah-nau-dah-kas. See Ah-mau-dah-kas. Ahnenin, classification of, m1, 402 Ahoma tribe, brief account of, 111, 522 Ahouandate, a name for the Wyandots, tr, 522 Ahquedauken, origin of name, Vv, 225 use of name, v, 226 Ahrendah-ronons. See Arendahron- ons. Ahtena. See Atnah. Ahuacatlan, name of Axtec settle- ments, II, 522 Ah-wash-tes, a tribe of Dolores Mis- sion, 11, 506 Ahwaste. See Ah-wash-tes. Aiches, a Texas settlement, 11, 522 Aijoues (Ajoues), estimate of warri- ors of, m1, 559 French name for Iowas, 11, 256 identification, mm, 522 location, 111, 559 See also Iowas. Aingodon, an ancient sorcerer, 111, 522 Ais, a mythological character, m1, 523 Aisemid, a mythological character, 111, 523 Aishkibugikozh, Chief, derivation of name, III, 523 See also Flat-mouth. Aishkwaigonabee, Chief, band of, de- scribed, 11, 523 Aishquagonabi, an Ottowa chief, v1, 386 Aissance, noted chief of Red Lake band, m1, 165 Bull. 152 Ajoues. See Aijoues. Akansa, synonym of Arkansas (q. V.), II, 537 Akeek, the Algonquin cooking pot, I, 81-82 Akosa’s band, census, I, 458-467 description, m1, 524 Akquinashioni. See Acquinoshionee. Akwinoshioni band, v1, 138 Alabaha River, brief description of, v, 256 Alabama, Fort (Alibamo), attack on, m, 46 description, rv, 124 Alabama language, a Creek dialect, I, 268 Alabama River, description, v, 257 Alabama River region, Indians of, vi 32 Alabama (State), Union, v1, 393 Indian lands in, m1, 584, 586 Indian population, 11, 584, 586; Vv, 480, 481 name, meaning of, mI, 511, 524 population and area, Iv, 610 Alabamas (Alibamous, Alibamu), vi, 686 account of, m1, 524 Appalachian tribe, rm, 29; v, 42 classification, 1, 344; m1, 401, 404 conquered by Muscogees, I, 32; v, 259 Creek Nation, part of the, m1, 559; v, 115, 260 early name of the Creeks, vi, 333 linguistic relations, m1, 404 merged into Creeks, v, 259; vi, 686 origin myth, 1, 266 population, 11, 399, 524 warriors, estimate of, 111, 557, 559 Alabamas (village), a Creek town, v, 262 Alabamians, Muscogee name for them- selves, I, 266; m, 32 Alachees, conquered by Muscogees, m, 32 Alachua, a Florida place name, mt, 524 admission to the Alachuas. See Alachees; Lotchnoay band. Alafiers, Maj. Dade ambushed by, v1, 469 Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 5 Alagonkins, dwelling grounds, vi, 714 | Algonquin family (group, stock, tribes), hunting grounds, vi, 714 population, vi, 714 Alapirire, mission of Barcelona Prov- ince, Iv, 556 Alaska, brief discussion of name, 11, 524 Albany, N. Y., Hendrick Hudson at site of, v1, 101 Albertson, Capt. Isaac, Chickasaw di- vision of, I, 508 Albinos, among American Indians, 1m, ova 7 IVs GL, 2a Aleanie type, tm, 45 Aleantara, Pedro, information fur- nished by, u, 506 vocabulary by, 11, 494 Aleedo, population estimates by, v, 34 Alcoholic liquors, among Bonacks and Shoshonees, 1, 228 effect of introduction, 1, 4384, 435; , 550; m1, 212; vi, 556-557, 562 Indian neutrality bought with, v, 190 revolt against law concerning, Iv, 471A72 See also Intoxication; Whiskey trade. Alempigon, identification of name, 11, 524 Alewives, habits, in New England rivers, V, 225-226 Alexander, vi, 173 origin of name, vI, 115 son of Massasoit, v1, 103 Alexandria, arrival of Gen. Braddock at, vi, 215-216 Algic, use of term, tr, 524 Algics, Iroquois defeated by, v1, 201 Algomeequin (Algomequin), name for Algonquins (q. v.), I, 806; v, 38 Algonac village, derivation of name, Tr, 524 Algonkin. See Alagonkins. Algonkin-Lenapee, use of term, 1, 197 Algonkins, a linguistie family, m1, 401, 402 See also Algonquin family. Algonquian stock. See Algonquin fam- ily; Algonquins. attitude of, toward the French, VI, 213, 242 brief description, v1, 96 census returns, 1, 458-497 country occupied by, v, 38-40; v1, 31, 32-33 cranial capacity, 0, 335; v1, 574 derivation of various names, v, 38 divisions, 1, 458, 478, 488; v, 144-146 French influence with, v1, 213 gradual extinction, v, 481 identified by moccasins, m1, 66 map showing location of, m, 28 migration, line of, v, 39-42 period of, v, 39 name for themselves, v1, 573 of Mississippi Valley, list of, v, 40-41 one of seven generic families, 1, 33, 343 origin and division, rv, 148 origin of name, v, 38, 148-144 population, 1, 528 position on Great Lakes, v1, 204 tribes, m1, 591-593; v, 41 adopting Christianity, v, 504 See also Algonquins. Algonquin language, bibliography, 1Vv, 529-542 characteristics, v, 676 circuit followed by, v, 146 compounding of words in, 1v, 372- 380 dialects, um, 341 general discussion, v1, 673-684 geographical names in, with deri- vation, tv, 379-380 grammatical structure, um, 353-442 note on, Iv, 554 orthographical peculiarity, v1, 174 plan of thought in, v1, 673-674 preservation, m1, 96 range, 0, 36 short list of words in, v, 38 verb “to hunt” in, v1, 552 vocabularies, m, 458-481 words of, incorporated into Eng- lish, v1, 103 Algonquinensis, use of term, m1, 524 6 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Algonquins, 11, 553; vi, 686 alliance with Menominie, 1, 304 antiquities, 1, 66-69 application of term, 11, 36 bands in Hudson Valley, vi, 147 beliefs concerning the soul, I, 33, 39 burial customs, v, 81 eanoe building, m, 513 circle of occupation, Iv, 529 colonial changes affecting, vI, 236 comparison with Mexicans, v, 107 cooking vessels, I, 81 country occupied by, 1, 196-197, 806; 111, 559; vi, 200, 206 cranial capacity, 11, 332; v, 244 discussion of supremacy, vi, 148 fabric made by, Iv, 189 inscription made by, I, 107 intertribal relations, v1, 199 migrations, I, 306 mythology and superstitions, 658-663 names of tribes, v1, 82-33 number in New York, 1, 524 in Ohio Valley, 1v, 605-606 numerical system, v, 712 origin and meaning of name, I, 197, 306; um, 358 ossuary of, 1, 102 physical characteristics, v, 243-244 ; VI, 42 population, v1, 270, 272, 275, 686 pottery, 1, 81-82 relations with French, v, 146-147, 647 religion, 1, 72; 11, 511 stature, Iv, 349 supreme deity of, 1, 511 totems; 1, 553 warriors, number of, m1, 553, 559; vi, 270 See also Algonkins; Algonquin family ; Algonquins, western. Algonquins, western, census, 1, 488-497 divisions, 1, 488 geographical position, 1, 488 Lenapee subtype, chiefly of, 1, 488 Aliatan, a synonym of Itan, mm, 524 See also Ietan. Alibamo, a synonym of Alabama (q. v.), ri, 34 VI, [Bull. 152 Alibamous. See Alabamas. Alibamu. See Alabamas. Aliche, a Caddo band, 10, 524 Alipkonck, location of village, mI, 525 Allabamous (fort), erection, v, 278 Allakaweah Indians, population, m1, 525 territory occupied by, m1, 525 See also Paunch Indians. Allea, a Peruvian race, 1, 525 Allegans (Alleghans), 01, 525; vi, 35 conquered by Senecas, Iv, 606 eountry occupied by, vi, 176 forced from Ohio Valley, v1, 176 history, v, 183-185 Lenni Lenapees preceded by, v, 99 migration tradition, v, 98 name, origin of, m1, 525 other names for, v, 133 period on Alleghany River, Iv, 172 synonym of Alleghany nation, I, 525 tradition concerning, v, 134 traditional home, Iv, 606 traditional name of mound-build- ers, Iv, 187 See also Allegewi; Cherokee. Allegewi (Allegewy, Alleghewi, Alli- gewi), a Synonym of Allegans, v, 133 ; v1, 176 burial mounds, Iv, 137 driven off by Six Nations, 1, 37 fortifications attributed to, rv, 136 identified as Cherokees, vi, 47 synonym of Alleghany nation, 111, 525 See also Allegans; Cherokee. Allegewi language, last remaining words of, vi, 176-177 Alleghans. See Allegans. Alleghany, Onondagas at, v1, 706 Seneeas at, vi, 706 Alleghany Mountains, discussion of name of, 111, 525; Iv, 137, 380; v, 1838, 595 Alleghany Reservation, census, yi, 690 location of, vi, 690 Alleghany (Allegany) River, discussion of name, Iv, 187, 380; v, 183, 595; VI, 176 pictographs from, rv, 172-173 various names for, Iv, 172 Nichols] Allegory, Indian, comment on, I, 316 discussion, mr, 318-814 example, 1, 327 See also Tales. Allen, Lt. James, I, 144, 145, 148 map made by, tv, 189 Alliances, tribal, proofs of, 1, 265 See also Confederacy. Alligator, Chief, v1, 469 Alligator Indians, skirmishes with, VI, 359-860 Allouez (Alloez), Father Claude, con- tact with Ojibwas, U1, 147 missionary labors, v, 647-648; VI, 734 Almochico (Almouchico), application of name, It, 525, 5387-5388; vi, 104 Almouchico. See Almochico. Alphabet, Cherokee. See Cherokee al- phabet. Alphabetic characters, antiquity of, 1, 348, 344 Alsea. See Ulseahs. Alsethie types, Noachin type derived from, 11, 45 Al-tah-mos, a Dolores Mission tribe, mu, 506 Altamaha River, Creeks located on, vI, 186, 370 etymology of name, 1, 525 Altamaha River region, Indians of, v1, 32 Altar-mounds, devotional clement shown in, Iv, 126 Altars, buried in mounds, 1, 73 pipes found on, 1, 52, 73 See also Altar-mounds. Althmack, Lawrence, Lapland drum owned by, I, 427 Alvarado, Hernando de, expedition ied by, Iv, 26-27 reference to massacre ordered by, I, 23 Alvord, Maj. B., Oregon Indians de- scribed by, v, 651 Amacaches, a Brazilian tribe, m1, 525 Amahami. See Ahahawa; Watta- soons. Amaikiara. See Eh-nek. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “Yy, §. INDIAN TRIBES” rf Amalecites (Amalistes), location, 111, 558, 559 population, m1, 525 warriors, number of, 111, 553, 559 See also Malecite. Amalistes. See Amalecites. Amarisecoggins (Ameriscoggins), Abenaki division, m1, 512 derivation of name, v, 223 location, v, 223 members of Pennacook Confeder- acy, V, 223 See also Arosaguntacook. Amatakaules, meaning of name, III, 525 Ambatawwoots (Ambawtamoot, Am- bawtawoots), an Athapascan tribe, m1, 542 meaning of name, I, 525 population, 0, 28 Ambawtamoot, Ambawtawoots. Ambatawwoots. Amboy, derivation of name, UI, 526 Amelicks, number of warriors, 1, 553 See also Amalecites. Amenorrhoea, treatment, iv, 513 American Antiquarian Society, investi- gations made by, vi, 601 American Baptist Home Mission So- ciety, children instructed by, v, 699 American Baptist Home Missionary Society, data on missions of, vi, 740 American Baptist Missionary Union, missions, vI, 738 work, v, 698 American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, mm, 512; vi, 517 missions, v1, 738 work among Indians, v, 502, 503 American Board of Foreign Missions, reference to, v, 188 American Continent, earliest knowledge of, Vv, 27 American [Evangelical] Missionary Association, work of, among In- dians, v, 502, 503 American Fur Co., organization of, vI, "898 American Indian Missionary Associa- tion, data on missions of, v1, 740 work, v, 502, 503 an See 8 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY American Indians. See Indians. American Missionary Association, data on missions of, vi, 740 Americans, use of term, 1, 25-26 Ameriscoggins. See Amariscoggins. Amherst, Gen. [Sir Jeffrey], 11, 241; vz, 237 aid asked of, v1, 239, 240 campaign planned by, vi, 252, 259 frontier forts relieved by, vi, 247 successes, VI, 233-234 Amhertsburg, headquarters of Tecum- seh, vi, 362 Amieways, derivation of name, III, 526 See also Amikwa. Amidas, Philip, voyage made by, v1, 83-84 Amik, a Chippewa mythological name, tir, 526 Amik, Chief, vi, 261 Amikiminis, derivation of name, 11, 526 Amikouis, French name for Diononda- ties, m1, 526 Amikwa. See Amicways; Necariages; Ounikanes. Amikwuk, identification, 111, 526 Amixocores, a Brazilian nation, 1, 526 Amola, meaning of name, 11, 526 Amonoosuck, name of two rivers, 10, 526 Amoskeag, v1, 173 derivation and meaning of name, Tits OZ26sev, el, "221-222" 203" vi, 174 location, v, 221 other names for, v, 234 Pennacook village, v, 230 subservient to Pennacooks, v, 222 See also Namaoskeag; Namaske; Naumkeag. Amoskeag Falls, Indians at, v, 217 location, v, 221 See also Amoskeag. Ampones, a Paraguay tribe, mI, 526— 527 Amputation, Dacota attitude toward, 1, 254 not practiced by Creeks, 1, 274 Amulets, illustrations of, 1, 105; m, 90; vi, 603 ornaments worn as, It, 69 See aiso Charms. {Bull. 152 Anacoana, Queen (Annacoand), III, 23; vi, 36, 615 brief account of, m1, 527 song of, 11, 309, 312 story of, 11, 309-312 Anadahkas, Anadahkoes, Anadakas, An-a-dak-kas. See Anadarko. Anadarko (Anadahkas, Anadahkoes, Anadakas, Anadakkas), vi, 686 language, v, 712 location, vi, 704 population, 1, 518; v1, 686, 704, 708 relations with Texans, v, 712 See also Ah-mau-dah-kas; Andai- cos; Madahas; Nandakoes. Anahuae, the Valley of Mexico, 111, 527 Aztec arrival at, v, 61 reference to traditions of, v, 106 Anastasio, a minor chief of the Cuchans, m1, 112 Anasuguntakook, country occupied by, It, 527 See also Arosaguntacook. Anatomy, Chinese knowledge of, Iv, 506-507 Dacota knowledge of, 1, 249 Indian knowledge of, Iv, 241-242, 501-502, 505-506 Ancamares, a Brazilian tribe, m1, 527 Ance’s band, Oak Point, census of, I, 458-467 Ancestors, beliefs concerning, 1, 39 oriental deification of, v, 406 veneration for, v, 92, 93, 104 Andachkhroh, town of the Neutral Na- tion, Iv, 206, 207 An-dag-weos. See Andaigweos. Andaicos (Anduicos), 1, 403 population, m1, 635; vi, 699 See also Anadarko. Andaigweos, Chief (An-dag-weos), der- ivation of name, II, 527 friend of the Whites, 1m, 150 Andasta, Chief, kindness to French, v1, 73 Andastaka, (q. Vv.) Andastes (Andastakas), 1v, 200; vi, 35 account of, 01, 527; v1, 187-141 close of history, v1, 141 conquered by Senecas, Iv, 606 country occupied by, vi, 137, 138, 149 Synonym of Andastes Nichols] Andastes (Andastakas)—Continued expelled from Lake Erie shore, MI, 290 forts built by, v, 109 identified as Conestogues, vi, 138 identified as Susquehannocks, VI, 149 in Erie league, 1, 344 synonyms cf name, VI, 137, 188, 139 temporary stay in Ohio Valley, v, 41 war with Mohawks, vI, 142 war with Senecas, vi, 144, 148 war on, by Iroquois, Vv, 137 See also Conestogo. Andastoe, synonym of Andastes (q. v.) Andastogué, synonym of Andastes (q. Vv.) Andover, attacked by Indians, v1, 164 Andros, Dr. F., Iv, 243 mistake made by, rv, 518 report on medical practices, MI, 497-498 Anduicos. See Andaicos. Anee-me-kees, treatment of wounds, Iv, 514 Angel, W. G., petition signed by, II, 618 reports by, 11, 538; rv, 603; v1, 694 Anhazea, inhabitants briefly described, Mh By Aniez, French name for the Mohawks (q. V.), 1, 527 Animal life. See Animals; Game. Animals, a cause of sickness, 1, 175, 180 associated with medicine, 1m, 224 attitude toward, v, 420 beliefs concerning, 11, 229-230, 520 ; v, 408; vi, 658 extinct, remains of, 01, 272; v, 669 fur bearing, disappearance of, II, 208 of California, described, m1, 205 of the Apache country, v, 209 prehistoric, use of bones, 11, 175, 179 See also Animals, domestic; An- telope; Bear; Beaver; Buf- falo; Deer; Dogs; Fur; Game; Horses; Hunting customs; Skins; Skin dressing. Animals, domestic, absence, vI, 564 introduction, v1, 616-617 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “J, §. INDIAN TRIBES” 9 Anker-howhitch, at Utah peace coun- cil, Iv, 596 Anklet, illustration of, m1, 69 Annacioris, a Brazilian tribe, 1m, 527 Annacoand. See Anacoana. Annamosing, meaning of the name, It, 527 Annawon, Philip’s war captain, v1, 171 Annencraos, Seneca chief, killed by the Eries, 111, 289 Annimikeens (Annimikens), brief ac- count of, mI, 527 encounter with bear, 0, 55 Annuities, Indian, 1, 558, 584-589 anticipation of, 0, 531 beginning of system, VI, 320 Creek, statement of, Iv, 571 effect, I, 279, 434-485; u, 548; Vv, 482 of salt, 1, 589 paid to the Winnebagoes, MI, 282 recommendations concerning, 191, 193, 531 right of Indians to, m1, 615 Annutteligo, II, 527 Anowara (The Turtle), 11, 527-528 Antalis, a tribe of Chile, m1, 528 Antelope, hunting of, Iv, 60 Antiquities, 1, 44-129; 1, 83-91; 11, 73-90; 1v, 113-175; v, 85-117 architectural, area of, 1, 67 arts indicated by, 1, 70-72 attitude toward, of early explor- ers, v, 108, 109 comparisons, v, 105-117 conclusions drawn from, Iv, 658 Congaree, Iv, 155-169, 170-172 illustrated, v1, 179 importance of investigation, 1, 108 Indian, confused with French, v, 110 in relation to geological changes, v, 111 intrusive, v, 85-86, 116 lack of, among California Indians, Iv, 226 Mexican, vi, 576-589 illustrations of, v1, 576-591, 636, 638, 644 Muscogee, v, 660 north of Lake Superior, 1, 66-67 of Cunningham’s Island, _illus- trated, m, 84-90 I, 10 Antiquities—Continued of Florida, 11, 83-84 of Lake Erie, 11, 85-88 of New Hampshire, tv, 175 of New York, tv, 174; v, 666-674 illustrated, v1, 611 of Ohio, v, 118, 660-662, 665-666 of Oregon coast, v1, 612-613 of the Algonquins, 1, 66-69 of two epochs, v, 99 parallel with arts and customs, v, 115 Peruvian, v, 89-95, 657-659 illustrations of, v, 93, 94; v1, 593 South Carolina, 11, 88-89 illustrated, 1, 90; vz, 74 west of the Alleghanies, vi, 595— 603 See also Aitars; Fortifications; Garden beds; Inscriptions; Mines; Mounds; Newport ruin; Ossuaries; Pictographs; Ruins. Antiquity of Indian tribes, v, 69-70, 87- 88 Anton, Chief, 11, 111, 112 Aondironons, town of, taken by Sene- cas, Iv, 201, 208 Aouas, De Vaca’s name for Iowas (q. Voly lie, Si Apacahand, Chief, also called White Hyes (q. v.), m1, 528 Apache (Apachee) language, v, 202-203 affiliates, v, 211 and Athapascan, tween, v, 173 connection with Hebrew, v, 686 meager nature of, v, 587 vocabulary, v, 202, 578-589 Apachees. See Apaches. Apaches (Apachees), vi, 686, 708 absence of building among, v, 209 account of, 1, 243; v, 202-214 condition and prospects, v, 695 country occupied by, v, 197, 203, 207-209; v1, 704 difficulties in governing, v, 213-214 divisions, Iv, 216; v, 206, 207-208 history, v, 204-206 lack of pottery among, m1, 299 language, v, 698 analogies be- BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Apaches (Apachees )—Continued longevity, v, 208 manners and customs, v, 210-212 map showing hkocation, 1, 28; m1, 96 migration, v, 202, 205 New Mexico, population, 1, 519 origin legend, v, 687-688; v1, 568 population, 1, 243, 245, 518, 519; m1, 528; v, 484; vi, 686, 704 predatory nature, v, 202 Querehos identified as, Iv, 35 raids into Mexico, m, 3380, 334 relations with Spaniards, v, 205 resemblance to Querechos, Iv, 36 revolt against Spaniards, v, 212 See also Apaches Mascaleros; Apaches Tontos; Gila Apaches; Jicarillas; Mescaleros. Apaches Jicarillas, ruins in range of, v, 208 See also Jicarillas. Apaches Mascaleros, origin of name, v, 207 range of, V, 207 See also Mescaleros. Apaches Tontos. See Tontos. Apalacha, application of name, mI, 528 Apalache (town), Narvaez expedition at, 111, 80-31; vi, 45 Apalachee (Apalaches, Apalachites, Appalaches), 1, 528-529 ancient and modern, 11, 528 included in Appalachian group, V, 42 missionary work among, vi, 734 Muscogee language spoken by, II, 34 primordial Floridians, v, 99 See also Apalachians; Apolashe; Asphalashe. Apalaches. See Apalachee. Apalachia, Apalachian, discussion of name, v, 594, 595 Apalachian group. See Apalachians. Apalachian (Appalachian) languages, preservation of, 11, 96 publications in, Iv, 542-546 Apalachian (Appalachian) Mountains, Indians of, v, 42 tribes transferred from, v1, 522 Nichols] Apalachians (Apalachian group, Ap- palachians), vi, 37, 552 account of, 11, 33-35 ; 111, 34 attempt to gather statistics on, v, 482 census, 1, 508-517; vi, 690 eharacter, tI, 37 characteristics of men, iv, 614 eranial capacity, 1, 332, 335; v1, 244, 574 destroyed by Creeks, v, 259 generic stock, vi, 31 map showing location of, 1, 28 migration of, v, 99-100 name, V, 594-595 derivation of, m1, 530 one of seven ethnic groups, 1, 33, 343 population, 1, 523; vi, 276, 518, 522 relations with Spaniards, 111, 27-28 statistics on, v, 498 stature, Iv, 349 superior physique, v, 243-244 supreme deity of, 1m, 511 territory occupied by, 1, 197; v, 42 tribes composing, 1, 197; 1, 34, 344; 11, 29; v, 42; vi, 47 tribes adopting Christianity, v, 504 war with Whites, v, 45-46; v1, 185 See also Apalachee. Apalachicola (Appalachicola) Bay, mounds near, 111, 77 Apalachicola (Appalachicola) River region, Indians of, vI, 32 Apalachicola (Appalachicola) town, a peace town, 111, 531 pottery from, 1, 84 Apalachicolas (Appalachicolas), v1, 686 account of, m1, 5381 agreement to removal, vi, 445 land ceded by, 11, 602; vi, 456 land purchased from, 11, 600 name, origin of, m1, 531 population, m1; 531, 609, 619; v1, 686 removal, vi, 497 statistics on lands of, 11, 605 treaty with, v, 499 Apalachites. See Apalachee. Apalocha, a form of Apalousa (q. v.), In, 529 Apalousa (Apelousas, Appelousa), brief account of, 11, 529 9386706—54——_2 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. §. INDIAN TRIBES” 11 Apalousa—Continued classification, 111, 402 population, m1, 529, 531 Apanenae, a synonym of Pawnee (q. V.), m1, 529 Apaneo, a Mexican settlement, 111, 529 A-pang-as-se, a Tuolumne band, Iv, 407 Apango, a Mexican settlement, m1, 529 Apani, De Soto’s name for Pawnee (q. v.), VI, 495 Apanina, De Soto’s name for Pawnee (q. v.), v, 495 Apantos, description of, 1m, 529 Apaumet, account of life of, v1, 507 Apaxco, a Mexican settlement, 111, 529 Apazingau, a Mexican settlement, m, 529 Apeche-caw-boway, signature of, m, 226 Apecun (carrying strap), use of, m1, 515 Apelousas. See Apalousa. Aperas, brief account of, 111, 529-530 Aperrues, briefly described, nt, 530 Apetous, briefly described, m1, 530 Apichiqui, a tribe of Peru, m1, 530 Ap-laches, a Tuolumne band, rv, 407 Apokeepsing, former name of Pough- keepsie, m1, 530 meaning of name, m1, 530 Apokess, Chief, v1, 255 Apolashe, location, m1, 585 population, mI, 585 See also Apalachee. Apomatox, a branch of James River, Va., Im, 530 Apoquenemy, derivation of name, tm, 530 Apotos, an Amazon tribe, m1, 530 Apoza, an Indian settlement, m1, 530 Appa, an Indian settlement in Mexico, 111, 5380 Appalache (River), uncertain etymology of, 111, 530 Appalaches. See Apalachee. Appalachian languages. See Apalachian languages. Appalachian Mountains. ian Mountains. See Apalach- Appalachians. See Apalachians. Appalachicola Bay. See Apalachicola Bay. Appalachicola River. See Apalachicola River. Appalachicola town. See Apalachicola. Appalachicolas. See Apalachicolas, 12 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY TBull. 152 Appanee, meaning of the name, m1, 531 | Arapaho—Continued Appaumut, Hendrick, presence of, at eonference, v, 667 Appelousas. See Apalousa. Appolabamba, Indians of, m1, 531 Appropriations, for Indian account, VI, 724-725 for removal of tribes, v1, 481-4385 Apuala, settlement of, m1, 5382 Apuckshanubbee, a settlement of Choc- taws and Chickasaws, Iv, 582 Apuias, description, m1, 532 A qua mish, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census of, v, 488 Aquanishuonig, country subject to Iro- quois, 111, 196 Aquascalientes, location, rv, 39 Aquascogoe. See Aquoscojos. Aquas-saw-tee, a Muskogee dialect, I, 268 Aquatzagane, ancient Pennsylvania band, m1, 532 See also Mahican. Aquauachuques, a New Jersey band, 10, 5382 Aquedaukenash, meaning of name, Vv, 225 noted Pennacook fishing place, v, 225 Aquedoctau, origin of name, v, 225 Aquidneck, former name of Rhode Is- land, 111, 582; v1, 125 Aquiguires, a Brazilian tribe, m1, 532 Aquinoshioni (Aquinushionee), a syno- nym of Iroquois, m1, 5382; vi, 188 meaning of name, II, 532; vi, 188 Aquismon, a Mexican settlement, m1, 532 Aquoscojos Indians, colony attacked by, vI, 93 hostilities with, v1, 92 Arache, identification, 1v, 30 Aracuyes, description, m1, 532-533 Aragiske, Iroquois name for Virginia, I, 533 Aranama. Sce Arrenamuse. Arapahas. See Arapaho. Arapaho (Arapahas, Arapahoes, Are- pahas, Arrapahoes, Arrepahas), v, 495; vi, 686 bands of, v, 496 brief account of, 1, 244; mI, 533 called Tattooed People, v, 496 census, vi, 556, 713 country occupied by, I, 259; m1, 403, 533, 596; v, 496; vi, 556, 695, 704 given as part of the Atsina, 1, 259 Gros Ventres, a band of, v1, 699 headdress, illustrated, m1, 68 indigenous to Kansas, vI, 536 map showing location, m1, 96 name, meaning of, 111, 533 population, 1, 244, 245, 519, 523; i, 404, 533, 596, 609; v, 495; vi, 686, 695, 704 war coat, illustrated, 11, 67 See also Kaninahoick; Seraticks. Arapaho (Arapahoe) language, a cog- nate dialect of the Cheyenne, 111, 404 characteristics, 1, 404 vocabulary, 11, 446-459 Arapahoes. See Arapaho. Arasas, territory occupied by, 111, 533 Arauca River, tribes on, 11, 533 Araucanians, account of, 11, 5383-535 Arawak. See Arrowauk. Ar bic coo chee, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Arbre Croche, Ottawa settlement of, deseribed, m1, 5385-536 population of, 111, 535 Arbuckle, Gen., v1, 502 Are Indians, a name for the Arkansas (q. v.), 1, 537 Archeology, discussion of Squier’s work in, Iv, 116 general, 1, 44-46 intrusive, source of features of, v, 99 progress in, tv, 169-170 See also Antiquities. Archer, Bishop, Iv, '535 Architecture, ancient, of Mexico and Peru, Iv, 437 of American Indians, Iv, 662 steps in development, 1, 342 Toltec, characteristics of, vy, 29, 30 See also Buildings; Dwellings. Ardas, a Quito tribe, m1, 536 Areguoy, a Paraguay settlement, m1, 536 Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “UY. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 13 Arellano, Don Tristan de, expedition | Arkansas (State), derivation of name, led by, Iv, 34, 37 Arenac, derivation of name, II, 536 Arendahronons (Ahrendah-ronons), a Huron tribe, 1v, 204 account of, 11, 522 Arentapaqua, a Mexican settlement, Im, 536 Arepahas. See Arapaho. Arequipa, origin of name, mI, 536 Aresaguntacook Indians, location, v, 227 meaning of name, v, 227 relations with Pennacooks, v, 227 See also Amariscoggins ; Anasagun- takook. Areskoui (Agreskoe), Iroquois god of war, Ill, 522, 536 Arica, burials at, v, 658 examination of guacas at, v, 93 proposed excavations at, v, 658— 659 skulls from cemetery of, 11, 329 Aricaree (Arickaras, Arickarees, Ar- ricaras, Aurickarees), vi, 686, 695 brief description, v1, 696 census, VI, 556 divisions, m1, 630 effect of smallpox on, I, 258; VI, 486 in the Dacota group, uo, 37 language spoken by, mI, 630 location, m1, 595, 6380; v, 494; v1, 556, 696, 704 map showing location, 11, 96 population, 1, 257, 523; mi, 595, 630, 631; v, 494; v1, 686, 695, 696, 704 reference to territory of, Iv, 486 relations with Mandans, 1, 254 See also Ricarees. Aricaretes, of Guayama, country occu- pied by, 111, 5386 Arickaras. See Aricaree; Eokoros. Arickarees. See Aricaree. Aricoris nation, of Guayama, descrip- tion, m1, 586-537 Arikara. See Aricaree; Ricarees. Ario, a Mexican settlement, 11, 537 Arivi, mission of Barcelona Province, Iv, 556 mm, 537; 1v, 884 Indian lands in, m7, 585, 586; v, 480 number of Indians in, m1, 585, 586; v, 480, 481 population and area, tv, 610 Arkansas (Arkanses) Indians, classi- fication, m1, 402 description, m1, 537 population, 11, 537 territory occupied by, m1, 559 villages, 111, 537 warriors, estimate of, mI, 557, 559 See also Quapaws. Arkansas River, followed by De Soto, VI, 67 probable origin of the name, Iv, 562 Arkansas River region, described, 1, 269-270 Arkanses. See Arkansas Indians. Arkokisa. See Accocesaws. Armeomecks, a location on the Susque- hannah, 11, 537 Armewamux, a location on the Dela- ware, mm, 537 Armiros, a nation of Paraguay, 11, 537 Armlets. See Bracelets. Armouchiquois, an Abenaki band, 11, 537 Armstrong, George Parker, home of, described, m1, 118 ranch of, mentioned, m1, 112, 114 Armstrong, Mr., quoted on the Choc- taws, VI, 526 Arnold, Benedict, tv, 121 extract from will made by, rv, 153 Fort Stanwix relieved by, v1, 290 Arosaguntacook. See Amariscoggins; Anasuguntakook; Aresagunta- cook. Arouaques, supposed ancestors of the Caribs, 11, 538 Ar par lar tus tun nuck ee, a Cussetaw Town chief, 1v, 579 Arrapahoes. See Arapaho. Arrenamuse, a Texas tribe, 111, 538 Arrepahas. See Arapaho. Arrianicosies, location, m1, 538 Arrow dance, description, Iv, 80 Arrowauks, V, 28 14 Arrowheads, I, 77-78 copper, found in burials, 1, 128 illustrations of, 1, 81-82; 111, 468; Iv, 175 materials used for, 1, 78; Iv, 159 method of making, I, 212 of the Congarees, Iv, 159 of the Iowas, U1, 275 of the Sioux, 0, 177 preparation of flints for, 11, 467 skill shown in making, v, 114 Arrowmaker, occupation of, 111, 69, Sl Arrows, antiquity of, 1, 77 blunt, Algonquin name for, 1, 77 force exerted by, 1, 77 of Oregon and California, m1, 207 of the Apaches, v, 209-210 Shoshonee, described, 1, 212-213 See also Arrowheads; Arrow- maker; Bow and Arrow. Arrowshaft, method of making, 1, 212 Art, Indian, antique, Iv, 437-456 at time of the Discovery, Iv, 12i1— 123, 488-440 decline of, on European contact, Iv, 121-122 destroyed by the Discovery, Iv, 142 during period of De Soto, rv, 123- 125 modern, 11, 509-516; 1v, 485-437 northern and southern, compared, v, 394 northward trend, tv, 123 state of, Iv, 485-456; v, 391-398 among the Creeks, v, 691-693 structural, vy, 391-393 Arts, Indian, 1, 70-94 ancient epoch, Iv, 116-117 and artisans, Iv, 453-456 and crafts, 11, 511-516 general summary, v, 115-117 household, uniformity of, tv, 175 judgment by tools, 1, 70-71 of northern tribes, culmination, v, 115 of southern tribes, culmination, v, 115 overrated by conquerors, v, 95 reasons for decline, v, 116-117 remains indicating, v1, 598 state at Discovery, v, 88 inferred by antiquities, 1, 70 Aryes, a Brazilian tribe, m1, 538 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Ascondido Rio, a name for the Missis- Sippi, 111, 538 Aseguang, census, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Ashegen. See Osse-gon. Ashmun, Samuel, Indian wife of, 1, 161 Asiatic cholera, appearance of, in Black Hawk War, VI, 453 Asiatics, compared with Indian tribes, I, 35448 early medical knowledge, Iv, 492- 494 Asiganoe, a leader of the Ottawas, m1, 538 Askew, murder party led by, rv, 624, 629 Aspberry, D. P., work of, Iv, 546 Asphalashe, country occupied by, m1, 596 population, 111, 596 See also Apalachee. Asquam, origin of name, V, 221 Assama, name for tobaceo plant, 11, 538 Assaragoa, Indian name for Governor of Virginia, 11, 538; v1, 229 Assareawa, application of name, m1, 538 Assawa Lake, meaning of name, 11, 538 Asseguns (Assigunaigs), account of, I, 805-308 alliance with Mascoutins, vi, 203 country occupied by, vi, 202 expulsion from Lake region, v1, 206 war with the Manatoulines, v1, 203 Assenjigun, Algonquin name for Osage, Iv, 304 Assestagueronons, a name for Maskou- tens (q. v.), Iv, 206 Assigunaigs. See Assegun. Assinaboes. See Assiniboin. Assinaboin River, description, m1, 538— 5389 Assinaboina, application of name, 11, 538 Assinaboines. See Assiniboin. Assinaboins. See Assiniboin. Assinabwoines. See Assiniboin. Assineboes. See Assiniboin. Assineboins. See Assiniboin. Assinepoels (Assinipouals), 111, 556 totem, mI, 556 warriors, number of, 11, 556, 559 Nichols] Assiniboin (Assinaboes, Assinaboines, Assinaboins, Assinabwoines, As- sineboes, Assineboins, Assini- boine, Assiniboins, Assinniboins, Assinoboins), vi, 617, 686 account of, m1, 539 affiliations, v, 99 bands, m1, 630 called Stone Sioux, v1, 686 census, VI, 556 ceremony, vI, 627 classification, 1, 169; m1, 402 country occupied by, m1, 559, 594, 630; v, 494; v1, 34, 556, 695, 704 cranial capacity, 1, 335; v, 244 effect of smallpox, 1, 257; vi, 486 enemies of the Mandans, rT, 253 general condition, v1, 696 language spoken by, 1, 169; 111, 680 linguistie affinities, 1, 248 map showing location, m1, 96 mInigrations, , 32 name, derivation of, 1, 81 etymology of, m1, 539; v, 593 population, 1, 257, 523 ; rm, 539, 594, 609, 631; v, 494; v1, 686, 695, 696, 704 separated from Dacotas, 1, 247-248 separated from Ihanktonwan, I, 249 shape of skulls, 11, 317 Siouan, with Algonquin name, v1, 34 warriors, estimate of, m1, 556, 559 Wattasoons killed by, m1, 251 See also Assinepoels. Assiniboin (Assiniboine) language, numerals of, Iv, 428-431, 432 vocabulary, Iv, 416-429 Assiniboine, Assiniboins. boin. Assinipouals. See Assinepoels. Assinniboins, Assinoboins. See Assini- boin. Assistaeronons (Assistagueronon, 1 Catokiah. See Cahokias. decrease in numbers, 111, 295 divisions, 11, 293 flight from Lake region, 11, 36, 343; ae eae 0 ernie), mole Cattaraugus, Oneidas at, v1, 706 : ‘ ria + Onondagas at, v1, 706 identified as Eries, m1, 405; v1, 149 Senecas at, 1, 441-457; vt, 706 Jand claimed by, m1, 583 Cattaraugus Reservation, census, VI, language, II, 86; 111, 292, 404 690 migration, Iv, 163, 606 description, 11, 539 origin, m1, 291-292, 2938-296, 405; location, v1, 690 Iv, 3882; vy, 42 Catugajay Creek division, census, I, of name, TT, 288, 292 508-517 population, 1, 524; mt, 583; v1, 179, | Catumsie, a Comanche chief, 111, 635 272, 686, 705 Caucasian race, branches, Iv, 356 relations with Cherokees, m1, 293 civilization, Iv, 356 settlement in South Carolina, m1, heads described, Iv, 356 293 Caughnawaga (Caghnawagas, Cana- subordinate tribes of, v1, 179 wahrunas, Caunawagaes, Cona- warfare, m1, 196, 294 waghrunas), at Braddock’s de- feat, v1, 218 country occupied by, m1, 559 missionary work among, vI, 737 warriors, number of, 1, 553, 559; warriors, estimate of, mm, 555, 559 See also Kershaws; Totiris. Catelamet. See Cathlamet. Cateracqua, I, 178 vi, 270 Catherine, Empress of Russia, interest See also Coghnawagas; Cognawa- in languages, v, 53 goes vocabularies collected by, 11, 356 Caujuckos, 1v, 339 Catharinestown (Catherine’s Town), See also Cayugas. American army at, v1, 310 Caunawagas. See Caughnawaga. named for Catharine Montour, yv, | Causeways, built by the Indians, rv, 135 672 Cavallada, appointed as chief, Iv, 87 Catherwood, I"., drawings made by, Iv,| Cave burials, frequent results, vr, 619 151 permanent nature, 1, 102 Nichols] INDEX TO Caves, in Sioux country, described, 1, 95-96 near Hagerstown, Md., described, rr, 338 of Winoca, described, 1v, 306 Cawanesque, meaning of name, V, 669 Cayambe, burials at, v, 90-91 description of ruins near, v, 94 Cayas, identified as Kanzas, Iv, 310 Cayas, Province of, sought by De Soto, Ii, 50; vi, 66 Cayenderongue, a Mohawk sachem, I, 189 Cayouses. See Cayuse. Cayuckers, warriors, Iv, 605 See also Cayugas. Cayuga language, vocabulary, 1, 482- 493 Cayugas, an Iroquois division, 1v, 204 and Iroquois, population, 1, 523 and Senecas, census, vi, 718 at Siege of Fort Stanwix, vi, 292 census, v, 504-505; vi, 715 classification, m1, 401 conference with, v, 667 eranial measurements, I, 335 decrease in number, Iv, 604—605 effect on, of Revolutionary War, V, 506 fight with Andastes, v1, 140 government, v, 504 hunting grounds, vi, 714 in the Revolutionary War, v, 513; VI, 283, 285 land ceded by, vi, 324, 334 location, I, 441; m1, 583, 590; v, 668; VI, 147, 275, 705, 714 missionary work among, vi, 754, 735 number on reservations, 11, 539, 540 of Cattaraugus, census, I, 441-457 one of the Five Nations, m1, 184 one of the Six Nations, Iv, 616 population, mr, 583, 590; Iv, 608, 604; v, 668; v1, 275, 694, 705, 706, 707, 714 removal, vi, 516 to Quinté, v1, 139 warriors, number of, m1, 561; vi, 261, 270 See also Cayuckers; Gogouins. SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 35 Cayuse (Cayouses), vI, 613; v1, 686 classification, 111, 402 country occupied by, 1, 224; v, 498; vi, 700 hunting ground, 1, 221 lands, nature of, v, 656 map showing location, m1, 96 marriage customs, v, 654 massacre by, at mission, v, 653, 655 medicine men, v, 652 population, 1, 521; 11, 632; v, 493, 705, 707; vi, 686, 700, 701 See also Waulatpus; Willetpos; Yeletpo. Cekaas, Chief, at Fort Detroit, 0, 268 Celtie element, suggestion of, in Indian culture, v, 86 Celtic inscription, supposed, discussed, Iv, 118 Census, Indian, after conquest of Can- ada, vI, 270-273 Algonquin group, I, 458-497 and statistics, m1, 617-628 Appalachian group, 1, 505-517 Dacota group, 1, 498-504 Troquois group, I, 441—457 need of, v, 486 object of, 1, 196; v, 486 provision made for, m1, 283 recorded in symbolic characters, 11, 222 tables showing, I, 439-524; vi, 686— 718 taking of, vy, 479-486 undertaken by the French, vi, 685 See also Population; Warriors; and under tribal names. Census taking, Indian aversion to, 1, 249 Ceremonies, at Barcluxor, described, VI, 130 at starting of war-party, Iv, 52 Black-drink, v, 266—267 connected with burials, m1, 60, 108, 140, 175 connected with corn planting, VI, 496 Creek, square for, v, 264-268 Green Corn, illustrated, v1, 385 Indian attitude toward, v1, 212 Indian, in church at Christmas, Iv, %3 36 Ceremonies—Continued Initiation, v, 426-433 Kenisteno, v, 168-171 Moqui, Iv, 82, 838-84 Muscogee, of the brass plates, v, 660 Navajo, at sacred spring, Iv, 213 of Creek Busk, 1, 272-2738; v, 267- 268; vI, 631 of cremation, described, Iv, 225-226 of curing the sick, v, 437-441; v1, 619-620, 659 of ear piercing, 111, 239 of human sacrifice, rv, 50-51 of Jossakeed’s lodge, v, 421-422 of Rabbit feast, rv, 78 of receiving strangers, Iv, 343 of release from bonds, Iv, 645 of sacred fire, v, 65-66 of “striking the post,” 111, 64 of the new corn, VI, 631 illustrated, v1, 385 of the Thunderbirds, illustrated, VI, 353 of White Dog Sacrifice, Iv, 591 Osage, described, 1v, 274-275 puberty, vi, 633 rain making, Iv, 82, 83-85 religious, of the Natchez, v1, 627 root chewing, of warriors, v, 71 sacrificial, described, v, 66 structure used for, 1, 337 sunrise, v, 68, 170 tribal characteristics shown in, v, 434 warriors’, corn-cake, Iv, 274-275 See also Busk; Customs; Dances; Feasts; Ordeals; Sacrifices; To- bacco. Cexeninuth. See Hxeninuth. Chaahl. See Kow welth. Chabot, Philip, v1, 48 Chacta, proposed name for Choctaw, v, 498 Chactaws. See Choctaws. Chaghnet, tribes dwelling at, v1, 714 Chakope, a Sioux chief, 1, 352 Chalaacpauley, a Creek town, v, 212 Chalagatsca, a Lower Creek town, v, 262 Chalakee, mention of name, v, 98 proposed name for Cherokee, v, 498 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY {Bull 152 Chalas, country occupied by, m1, 559 number of warriors, 111, 553, 559 Chaleas, 111, 515 Chal Nah, chief of Tutoten tribes, v1, 702 Chamberlain, Lt. Reuben, mention of, Iv, 629 Champlain [Samuel de], among the Milicites, v, 674 founding of Quebec by, v, 647 in Indian wars, m1, 73-74 Neutrals erroneously located by, Iv, 204 observations of, v, 107 relations with Indians, v, 647 Chanco, plot revealed by, vi, 99 Chants, of Dacota doctor, Iv, 649 of Medicine-man, translation, v1, 655 Saginaw, of the Hawk, m1, 329-330 use in Medicine Dance, tv, 643-644 words and meaning, 1, 383-386, 398-401 See also Songs; Music. Chanwappan. See Shamwappoms. Chapoton, M., negotiations with In- dians, 11, 256, 257 Character, Indian, discussion of, 1, 261, 315-480; 1, 484; v, 243-248, 409- 411, 449 of Oregon and California tribes, 11, 207 of the Shoshonees, 1, 213 Characteristics, Indian, general discus- sion of, 1, 13-16 Charankouas. See Carankoways. Charcowah, location, 11, 572 population, m1, 572, 609 Charleston, S. C., Indians of vicinity of, v, 42 Charlevoix [Pierre de], cited on origin theories, v, 82 cited on sun worship, VI, 626 journey of, vi, 197 observations of, v, 109 quoted on Indian customs, v, 52-53 quoted on Indian mentality, m1, 56 perpetual fire, vi, 627-628 travels, 1, 137 Char lo har jo co cho ko ne, a Coweta Town chief, 1v, 579 Charlotte, Camp, treaty concluded at, VI, 266 Nichols] Charms, discussion of, 1, 85-87 Moqui, to bring rain, 111, 308 use by Comanches, UU, 127 used for hunting, v, 76 See also Amulets; Magic; Witch- craft. Charnel houses, lacking among the Sioux, Iv, 55 lacking among the Winnebagoes, Iv, 55 See also Ossuaries. Charruas, of Rio de la Plata, color of, 11, 320 Chase, M., 111, 384 Chastacosta. See Shistacoostee. Chastelleux, v, 53 Chastity, observance by war-party, IV, 63 Chatalhakeah, chief of the Cosulhen- tan, vi, 702 Chatam’s Sound, tribes of, v, 487 Chatas, number of warriors, 111, 553 Chat chee nie, census, v, 489 language of, v, 489 Chatchini. See Chat chee nie. Chateaubriand, v, 53 Chatemuc, Mohigan name for Hudson River, v1, 504 Cha tok sof ke, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Chats, a synonym of Bries, 0, 301; Iv, 382 synonym of Shawnees, 0, 285; v, 41 Chatsops. See Clatsops. Chattahoochee. See Chattahoosee. Chattahoosee (Chattahootchie, Chatta- hotchee, Chattohoche), a Lower Creek town, v, 262 derivation of name, Iv, 381, 385; v, 572 Chattahoosee River, brief description of, v, 256 Chauctaws. See Choctaws. Chauenous, number of warriors, Im, 555 See also Shawnee. Chaui. See Grand Pawnees. Chaumont, Peter M. J., missionary la- bors of, Iv, 206-207 Chau-te-uh, a California band, mz, 116 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 37 Chauvignerie (Chaurignerie), Mons., reference to manuscript of, 11, 282 tables based on report of, 111, 553- 557 Chawai, a synonym of Cheyenne (q. v.), 1, 348 Chayennes. See Cheyennes. Chaymas, of upper Orinoco, stature of, mW, 318 Che ar haw, an Upper Creek Town, Iv, 578 Cheattee, census, v, 493 location, v1, 702 population, vi, 702 Chebiabo (Chebiabose), a mythologi- eal character, v, 149, 409 Cheboigan band, census, 1, 478-487 Chedochog, a California chief, v1, 711 Cheehales, Cheenales. See Chehalis. Cheesca village, attacked by De Soto, m1, 47 Chegoimegon, vi, 269 ancient Chippewa village, v, 147 council seat of the Odjibwa, v, 39 Chehalis (Cheehales, Cheenales, Che- haylis, Chihalis), m1, 682; v1, 686 and others, population of, v, 705 intermarriage of, with other tribes, vi, 703 language, Iv, 600 location, tv, 589; v, 703; vz, 703 maps showing location, m1, 96, 200 population, 1, 521; 1v, 599; v, 703; v1, 686, 701, 703 See also Chickalees; Chillates; Chiltz, Ehihalis; Tsihailish. Chehau villages, v, 256 on Flint River, v, 254 Che haw Town, a Creek town, Iv, 576, 578 leading men of, Iv, 576 Che haw ah, a Lower Creek town, Iv, 578, 580 Chehaylis. See Chehalis. Chell-o-kee dialect, vocabulary, 11, 220— 221 See also Cherokee language. Chelmsford, attacked by Indians, VI, 164 Chelucconinny, a Lower Creek town, V, 262 38 Chemeguabas, 111, 298 map showing location, 1, 96 Chemehuevi. See Chemeguabas. Chemetunne. See Yahshute. Chemovi, population, 1, 519 Chemung River, meaning of name, Iv, 384; v, 669 tribes in vicinity, Vv, 667, 668 Chenook. See Chinooks. Chenoquot, origin of the name, Iv, 559 Chenos, Huron, census of, 1, 458-467 Chenouks. See Chinooks. Chepewas. See Chippewas. Chepeweyans, Chepewyans. pewyans. Chepian, evil spirit of the Algonquins, v1, 680 Cheppewyans, Cheppeyans. pewyans. Cherakis. See Cherokees. Cheraws, country occupied by, 11, 36 extinet dialect of, 1, 344 union with Catawbas, U1, 295 Cherokee alphabet, v, 245 Bible story recorded in, 11, 228 characters used in, 11, 228 invented by Sequoia, or Guess, I, 228 outline, 0, 228 publications in, Iv, 542-544 See also Cherokee language. Cherokee and Buffalo division, census of, 1, 508-517 Cherokee lands, discussion of value, v, 500 sum awarded for, vi, 475 Cherokee language, 111, 596-597 adaptability, 11, 455 classification, 111, 401 peculiarities, 11, 344 preservation, 11, 96 principles, m, 445-456 publications in, rv, 542-544 vocabulary (numerals), 0, 209-211 See also Allegewi language; Chell- o-kee dialect; Cherokee alphabet. Cherokee pottery, conclusion drawn from, Iv, 385 Cherokee River, former name of the Tennessee, v1, 238 BUREAU See Chip- See Chip- OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Cherokees (Cherakis), 1, 555; 1v, 614; v, 99; vi, 37, 215, 430, 686 abstract of census roll, Iv, 582 agriculture among, vI, 530, 531 allies of the French, vi, 237 ancient home, 11, 344 annuities, 1, 584 at war with Uchees, 11, 27 attitude in Creek war, VI, 369 capture of Fort Loudon by, v1, 287 census, I, 508-517; v, 504 Christianity among, vr, 530 color, 1, 320-321 condition, after removal, vi. 480, 522-532 general, Iv, 482-488; v1, 513- 514 statistics on, Iv, 588-589 conspiracy entered by, Iv, 158 controversy with, v1, 474-478 convention to adjust dissensions among, VI, 501 council with Comanches, Iv, 470 country occupied by, 1, 508; 10, 559, 584, 585, 596-597; v, 42; v1, 32, 179, 238, 704 cranial capacity, v, 244 measurements, IT, 335 creation myth, Iv, 1386 De Soto in territory of, 1, 134 descendants of mound-builders, Iv, 135-136 desire to retrocede land, tv, 470-471 discussion of language, 111, 596-597 dissension among, v1, 500-502, 503, 512-513 distinct from Appalachian group, v, 42 divisions, 1, 508 emigration of part, v1, 488 evils suffered by, vi, 531-532 fiseal statistics relating to, vi, 722 forced migration, Iv, 606 government, y, 504; vi, 530, 5381 incursions into S°uth Carolina, v1, 314-315 in North Carolina, vi, 688 intelligence, v1, 529 intermarriage with Scotch, v1, 351 intruders in Texas, 1, 240 investments for, 11, 561 Nichols] Cherokees (Cherakis)—Continued lands, Iv, 572, 574; vi, 519 ceded by, 11, 602; v, 483 claimed by, 11, 485, 581, 584; vI, 415 granted to, vi, 455 purchased from, II, 598, 601 sale of, v1, 460-461 statistics on, 11, 605 value, vi, 490 legal name proposed for, v, 498 linguistic family, 117, 401 listed as a generic stock, vi, 31 map showing colonies, Iv, 180 map showing location, tI, 96; v, 253; vi, 519 migration, supposed, yv, 42 tradition, vy, 98 mission churches, y, 698 missionary work among, VI, 736, 738, 739, 740 movement to the West, v, 122 nationality preserved, 111, 96 numeral system, v, 244 of North Carolina, report on, tv, 607 outrage perpetrated by, Iv, 471 peace concluded with, vi, 401 treaty with Osages, Iv, 299 plans for removal, mm, 576, 577, 578; vi, 410-411, 412 population, 1, 518, 523; m1, 584, 585, 596; Iv, 574, 607; v, 483, 498 ; vi, 272, 480, 481, 530, 686, 690, 704, 708 reference to numerals of, v, 712 to treaty with, vi, 420 relations with Catawbas, 11, 293 with Whites, v, 278 removal, Iv, 460, 484-485; v1, 401—- 402, 423, 436, 498, 515, 516 terms of, v1, 492 trouble regarding, v1, 466—467, 490-494 voluntary, v, 450 Seotch element in, vi, 351, 503-504 shape of skulls, 11, 317 slavery among, VI, 332, 442 state of advancement, v, 506 Statistics on, attempt to gather, v, 482 sun worship practiced by, v, 103 synonyms of name, v, 42, 482; v1, 33 594, 595, 734, INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S ep) “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 3 Cherokees (Cherakis)—Continued totems, Iv, 666 treaty with, v, 500; v1, 288-239, 327, 334, 402, 425, 461, 492 war against, Iv, 617 war of, with Chickasaws, I, 311 war with, vi, 238-241 warred on, by Iroquois, 0, 36, In, 196 warriors, estimate of, 11, 555, 559 westward movement, vi, 420 within Neosho Colony, Iv, 460 See also Achalaque ; Allegans; Alle- gewy; Tallagewy. Cherr’h-quuh, a band of Bald Hill In- dians, tm, 139 Cherry Valley, reference to massacre in, VI, 298 Chesapeake Bay, colony located on, VI, 96 Indians of, v, 88; vi, 129-130 name, derivation, tv, 379; v, 573; vI, 131 discussion, yi, 90 Chesapeakes, location, v1, 86, 90 Chetco. See Cheattee, Chet Ko. Chetimaches, a linguistic family, mm, 402 Chet Ko, Indians of, v1, 702 Chetleschantunne. See Chetlessentan. Chetlessentan (Chetlessentun), census, v, 493 location, v1, 702 population, v1, 702 Chettakos, chief of the Chockreletan, v1, 702 Chew, William, a Tuscarora chief, 0, 541 vocabulary obtained from, Iv, 118 Chewackala, a Lower Creek town, v, 262 Che wok o lee (Eu fau la), a Lower Creek town, Iv, 580 Cheyenne language, characteristics, IT, 408-404 vocabulary, 111, 446-459 Cheyenne River, tribe on, VI, 556 Cheyennes (Chayennes), vi, 686 brief account of, 1, 244; v, 5 census, vI, 556, 713 country occupied by, 11, 403, 595, 630; v, 494; vi, 556, 695, 705 divisions, tr, 630 element of a new group, I, 198 enemies of the Mandans, m1, 253 40 Cheyennes (Chayennes)—Continued indigenous to Kansas, vi, 536 language, m1, 595, 6380 map showing location, 11, 28; II, 96 mnigration, 1, 259 population, 1, 244, 245, 519, 523; mm, 595, 609, 630, 631; v, 494; vI, 686, 695, 696, 705 unclassified, m, 33, 343 use of arrow by, I, T7 See also Shyennes. Chia. See Cia; Silla. Chiakanessou (Chickanossous), 111, 559 estimate of warriors, 111, 557, 559 Chiamatla, 1v, 32 Chiametta, tv, 24 Chiapas, antiquities in, v1, 582 Chibiabos, a mythological being, 1, 317 mention in legend, vi, 571 Chibwa, a synonym of Chippewa (q. v.), v, 41 Chicachos, 111, 555 number of warriors, 1, 555 See also Chickasaws. Chicacilla, De Soto at, m1, 46 Chicago, derivation of name, Iv, 379; v, 573 illustration of, in 1820, 1v, 193 massacre of garrison at, v, 530; VI, 856, 359 treaty concluded at, v1, 3938-895 tribes located at, v1, 385, 458 Chicasa, classification, 11, 401 nearly identical with Chocta, m1, 401 See also Chickasaw. Chicaza (village), 1, 34 arrival of De Soto at, m1, 45 attack on De Soto at, vi, 62 character of buildings, rv, 124 location, m1, 45; 1v, 182 See also Chickasaw. Chichemecas (Chichemecs, Chichima- cos, Chichimecas, Chichimecs), and Acolhuans, dynasty of, v, 96 knowledge of metals, v1, 600 origin, I, 22-26 settling in Valley of Mexico, v, 95 Valley of Mexico occupied by, v1, 596, 742 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (Bull. 152 Chichiticala (Chichiticale), Corona- do’s expedition at, Iv, 24, 32 location, Iv, 32-33 ruins, Iv, 24; v1, 70 Chickahominy. See Chickahomones. Chickahomones, brief account of, v, 36 Chickalees (Chickeeles), 111, 224 language, Iv, 600 location, 111, 201 population, m1, 201 See also Chehalis. Chickanossous. See Chiakanessou. Chickasa, proposed legal name for Chickasaw, v, 498 Chickasaw Bluffs, reached by De Soto, tr, 46, 47 Chickasaw Old Fields, halting place of the Chickasaw, 1, 309 Chickasaws (Chickasas), v, 99; v1, 686 account of, v, 573 agriculture practiced by, v, 526, 529 and Choctaws, acres owned by, VI, 519 relations, v1, 527 treaty, vi, 484 union, Iv, 472, 574, 582-583; vi, 460 annuities, u, 584 Appalachian tribe, m1, 29 at battle of Mauvila, m1, 44 attendance at missions, v, 698 attitude in Creek war, v1, 369 beliefs, 1, 310 census, 3, 508-517; v, 504-505; v1, 690 a roll, abstract of, iv, 582 classified as Appalachians, v, 42 condition and prospects, 1, 312; Iv, 587; v, 6938-694 after removal, vi, 522-529 creation myth, Iv, 1386 descendants of mound-builders, rv, 135-136 De Soto, hostility to, vi, 62, 63, 65 in country of, 1, 34 district belonging to, 1, 312 divisions, I, 508 emigration, v1, 488 fiscal statistics relating to, v1, 721 723 funds required for, 0, 567 geographical position, 1, 508 Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Al Chickasaws (Chickasas)—Continued Chicora (Chicorea), application of government, v, 504 group including, 1, 197 intermarriage with Scotch, v1, 351 investments for, m, 561 lands, Iv, 574 ceded by, 1, 602; v, 482; vI, 459-460 claimed by, m1, 584 petroleum on, 1, 161 purchased from, 0, 594, 595, 598, 600; v, 456 language discussed, m1, 596-597 legal name proposed for, v, 498 location, m1, 559, 584, 597; vi, 32, 704 maps showing, m1, 96; Iv, 180; Vv, 253; vi, 519 migration legend, 1, 309-310 missionary work among, v1, 738, 739 neutrality in Creek war, vi, 403 origin, reference to, v, 61, 98 population, 1, 523 ; m1, 584, 597, 610; Iv, 574; v, 498; vi, 272, 686, 704 position in Revolutionary War, VI, 295 progress, state of, v, 506 relations with the Whites, v, 278 removal, tv, 460, 484485 ; v, 450; v1, 497, 516 agreement to, vI, 433, 485 plans for, m1, 576, 578; vi, 412 policy during, v1, 476 resistance to De Soto, nt, 44-46 slavery among, VI, 332 statistics on, v, 482 on land of, um, 605 stature, m1, 318 sun worship practiced by, v, 103 traditions, v1, 403 treaty made with, vI, 328, 334, 380 unusual provision of, v1, 445 warriors, estimate of, m1, 555, 559 wars, I, 311 westward movement, v1, 420 within Neosho Colony, Iv, 460 See also Chicachos; Chicasa; Chi- caza. Chickasilla, camp of De Soto at, v1, 62 Chickeeles. See Chickalees, name, v, 42; v1, 179 arrival of Ribault in, v1, 73 attempted conquest of, 11, 25-26 Chicora Indians (Chicoras), application of name, v, 573 location, v1, 35 relations with the French, vi, 73-74 treacheries avenged by, vi, 743 See also Chicorean group. Chicorea. See Chicora. Chicorean group (Chicoreans), VI, 37 account of, 11, 35-36 country inhabited by, v1, 31-32, 39 dispersal, m1, 96 identification, m1, 26 map showing location, 0, 28 one of seven generic families, 11, 33 origin of name, vI, 179 Spanish treachery to, m1, 25; v1, 39 treachery avenged by, vi, 39 use of term, 1, 344; vi, 47 See also Chicora Indians. Chiefs, Algonquin title for, v1, 96 authority, 1, 194; um, 182-183 conventions held with, v1, 421 Creek, list of, 1v, 579-580 discussion of office, 1, 194; Iv, 480— 482 dwellings, m1, 83 on mounds, Iv, 124-125 government, I, 267 heredity in office, m, 194; 1v, 480- 481 Indian terms for, tv, 480-481 Iroquois, descent, v, 73 noted Ojibwa, sketches of, m, 160- 167 office, among Comanches, I, 231; 0, 130 among Iroquois, m1, 195 among Sioux, m1, 182 part taken in war, Iv, 62 poverty, distinguished by, Iv, 69 selection among the Creeks, I, 275, 276 succession in office, 11, 184 Yankton, costume, 11, 67 See also Chieftainship; Cacique; Mico; Sachem; Sagamore; War chief. 42 Chieftainship, descent in female line, V, 528; vi, 281 hereditary among Clear Lake In- dians, mu, 112 Natchez, succession to, vi, 627 succession, vi, 281, 385, 386 See also Chiefs. Chigantalgi (Chigantualgas), name for the Natchez, v, 99; vr, 31, 197, 626 sun worship of, Iv, 148 territory occupied by, rv, 148 See also Quigalta. Chigantualgas. See Chigantalgi. Chihalis. See Chehalis. Chihalis River, tribes on, v1, 703 Chileat Indians, census, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Child, derivation of name for, 11, 63 Indian word for, 1, 50, 63 See also Children. Child bearing, years of, 111, 238 Childbirth, among the Chippewyans, vy, 175-176 customs concerning, I, 252, 255, 261, 2045 17,018) 31m, 239s v5.27], 655 ease in, I, 65; v, 182 plant used to facilitate, rv, 515 power invoked in, v, 440 recuperative power in, Iv, 350 See also Obstetrics ; Reproduction. Children, affection for, m, 49, 65; Iv, 48 affection of, for parents, Iv, 48 average number in family, m, 614; vi, 562 care and training, m1, 181; m1, 214, 240-241, v, 273 grief at death of, 1m, 67 Indian term for, u, 63 instruction, m, 50-51; 1v, 61 method of carrying, 11, 181 nakedness, v, 275 orphan, care of, 1, 194; 1v, 56, 57 part taken by, in dances, Iv, 64 punishment, vy, 273-274 song to firefly, v, 564 stealing practiced by, 11, 191 training, in religious rites, rv, 640 treatment of, Kenisteno, v, 166 See also Cradles; Family life; Head deformation; Infanticide; Naming customs; Puberty cus- toms; Twins, BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Chillates, location, m1, 571 population, 1, 571 See also Chehalis. Chillicothe, battle at, with Shawnees, VI, 307 center of Indian power, vI, 300 earthworks at, mention of, vi, 597 Chillicothe, Upper, formerly Plugge’s Town, Iv, 682 Chilluckittequaw (Chillukkitequaw), lo- eation, mI, 570 population, m1, 570, 609; v, 706 Chiltz nation, location, mm, 571 population, 11, 571 See also Chehalis. Chilula. See Bald Hill Indians. Chimakum (Chin-a-kums), enslaved by Sklal-lums, tv, 600 language, Iv, 600 location, Iv, 598; v, 703; v1, 703 population, rv, 598; v, 491, 703; v1, 703 Chimmesyan. See Chimsyans. Chimnahpan (Chimnahpum, Chinnah- pum), location, 111, 570 population, 111, 570, 609; v, 706 Chimook language, reference to, 111, 224 Chimsyan language, tribes speaking, v, A487 Chimsyans, v, 487 census, v, 487 Indian names for tribes, v, 487 location, v, 487 remarks on, v, 487 Chin nation, v, 173 Chin-a-kum. See Chimakum. Chinatos, location, mI, 533 Chinese, funeral ceremony of, v, 80 knowledge of anatomy, Iv, 506-507 writing, discussion of, 1, 422 Chinese element, seen in ruins of Ux- mal, v, 106 Chinese Museum, London, reference to, LO Chingwalk (Chingwauk), Algonquin chief, sketch of, 1, 112 inscription interpreted by, 1, 107, 112; v, 64; vr, 609, 629 Chingwauk. See Chingwalk. Chinnahpum. See Chimnahpan. Chinookan Family. See Tshinook. Nichols] INDEX TO Chinook jargon, vocabulary of, v, 548— 551 language. See Chimook language. Chinnooks. See Chinooks. Chinooks (Chenook, Chenouks, Chin- nooks), v, 492, 703; vi, 686, 703 burials, 11, 71; v, 655, vi, 617 classification, 11, 402 color, i, 321 cranial capacity, v, 244; vi, 574 measurements, 11, 3385 embalming practiced by, v, 693 head flattening among, 11, 3826, 328 illustration of burial, vi, 617 location, m1, 201, 571; 1v, 599 maps showing, 111, 96, 200 Oregon tribe, v, 572 population, 1, 521; 111, 201, 571, 609. 632; v, 492, 703, 705; vi, 686, 701 resemblance to Japanese, I, 217 to Shoshonee, 1, 217 slaves buried with dead by, 0, 71 skull of, illustrated, tm, 318, 820, 322 See also Chinooks, nooks, Upper. Chinooks, Lower, v, 490, 703 location, v, 490, 703; vi, 703 population, v, 490, 703; v1, 703 Chinooks, Upper, v, 490; v1, 700 location, v, 490, 703; v1, 763 population, v, 490; v1, 703 Lower; Chi- Chipeways. See Chippewas. Chipewyan. See Chippewyans. Chippawees. See Chippewas. Chippequddic, 1, 287. Chippewa language, 297-299 address in, with translation, v, 603 Algonquin dialect, 11, 841 characteristic feature, mI, 523 compared with Hebrew, Iv, 386-387 conjugation of verb in, v, 299-388 lexicon [through “A’”], v, 565-569 list of works in, Iv, 531-538 Lord’s Prayer in, v, 592 principles, data respecting, v, 601- 620 grammatieal, 565-569 vocabulary, V, 556-557, 620 numerals, 11, 216-218 word “God” declined in, v, 416 Iv, 531-538; Vv, Iv, 385-396, v, 936706—54——_4 SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 43 Chippewa language—Continued See also Ojibwa language. Chippewa songs, v, 559-564 corn husking, v, 563-564 love, v, 559-562 medicine, v, 563 war, v, 562 Chippewa tales, of little Monedo, 11, 318-320 of Shingebiss, 11, 324-526 Chippewa territory, artifacts from, 1, 68 exploring expedition to, v, 151-152 rich soil of, 1, 182 Chippewas (Chepewas, Chipeways, Chippawees, Chippeways, Chip- was), Il, 277, 556% vit’ 237) 375, 488, 686 agency established among, vi, 397 alliance formed against, 1, 304 allies of the Manatoulines, vi, 2038 American policy toward, v1, 398-400 ancient seat of, v1, 385 and others, dwelling grounds, VI, 714 emigration, 111, 610 hunting grounds, v1, 714 payments to, vi, 721, 722, 723 population, vr, 714 and Ottawas, at missions, v, 698 dwelling grounds, vi, 714 fiscal statistics on, vi, 720, 721 hunting grounds, vi, 714 trading posts for, 111, 599-600 and Saginaw, population of, v1, 692 and Sioux, hostilities between, v, 924-525 annuities, 0, 586, 588 appropriation for, 1, 564 armistice granted to, v1, 364 as allies of the British, v1, 462 as allies of the French, v1, 462 at Braddock’s defeat, v1, 217 at treaty with Bradstreet, v1, 255 attitude in Revolutionary War, v1, 278 bands or divisions, 1, 458, 468 belief concerning the soul, v, 79 Black River, compensation to, v, 456 : Black River, fiscal statistics on, VI, 721, 723 Boisfort and Red Lake, populaticn, vi, 107 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Chippewas—Continued brief account of, m1, 560, v, 574 burial customs, v, 64; v1, 664-665 census, I, 458-477 ; m1, 621-628 characteristics, v, 150, 152 classification and origin, v, 143 concentration, proposed, Iv, 464 condition, general, Iv, 467 conference with, v, 667 country occupied by, 1, 183, 458 ; 11, 559, 584, 591; 1v, 187; v, 495; v1, 33, 203, 275, 384, 385, 704, 705 cranial capacity, v, 244 measurements, 11, 335 creation myth, v, 148-149 custom, v, 71 decline, m1, 98 delegation, to U. 8. Government, 1, 414-420 dental pictography, v1, 631 descent of ruling power among, VI, 385 Detroit, census, I, 458-467 distinctive moccasin, 11, 66 division, v, 485 dwelling grounds, v1, 714 eastern, classification, m1, 410 enmity, toward Sioux, n, 547 feuds with Sioux, reference to, 1, 142, 148 fire worship among, V, 67 funds required for, 0, 566-567, 570- 571 Grand Traverse, creation myth of, v, 192 grave, illustrated, v, 64 great warpath of, 1, 304 history, general, v, 142-152 hunting grounds, vi, 714 identified as old Algonquins, v, 146 influence exercised by, v1, 463 inscriptions left by, 1, 304 investments for, 11, 561, 562, 563 lands, Iv, 572 ceded by, 11, 602, 603; rv, 188; vI, 3938-895, 464, 483-484, 505 claimed by, 111, 584 purchased from, 1, 593, 595, 598, 599, 600, 601 statistics on, 605, 606 language spoken by, 11, 563 reference to, 111, 96 Chippewas—Continued ) ! | [Bull, 152 | leading men, m1, 569 league, with other tribes, v1, 485 legends, 11, 229-234 | listed as a linguistic stock, m, 591- — 593 lodges, Iv, 57 map showing location, m1, 96 medical practices, v1, 632 members of Pontiac’s Confederacy, u, 307 migration, period of, v, 39 trend of, v, 184, 185 Mississippi, information concern- ing source, I, 143 population, v1, 707 statistics on, vi, 721, 723 name, derivation of, 11, 358 ; Iv, 187; v, 142; v1, 483 given to rice, I, 187 numeral system, v, 244 of Chippewa Valley, census, 1, 463— 477 of Detroit, location, rv, 461 of Grand Traverse Bay, census, I, 458-467 of Grand Traverse Bay, popula- tion, m1, 523, 524 of Lake Superior, census, 1, 468— 477 of Lake Superior, fiscal statistics on, v1, 721, 723 of Lake Superior, lands occupied by, Iv, 463-464 of Lake Superior, population, v1, 692, 707 of Michillimackinac, census, I, 458— 467 of Rainy Lake, census, 1, 468-477 of Saginaw, fiscal statistics on, v1, (PATER of Saginaw, lands ceded by, vi, 484 of Saginaw, treaty with, v1, 383 of St. Croix Valley, census, 1, 468- 417 of Swan Creek and Black River, census, I, 458-467 of Thunder Bay, census, 1, 458-467 of Upper Mississippi, census, I, 468A77 one of Seven Fires, 11, 169 opposition, to schools, tv, 478 Nichols] Chippewas—Continued origin, classification and, v, 143 tradition, v, 148-149 other names for, v, 41 peace negotiations of, with Sioux, I, 3388 peace sought by, vi, 343 performance of Midawin by, v, 428-483, 434 petition to the President, 1, 414— 420 picture writing among, I, 338 Pontiac joined by, vi, 243 population, 1, 458, 468, 528, 524; Til, 523, 524, 568, 581, 584, 591; Iv, 572, 609; v, 495, 708; vi, 271, 272, 275, 276, 686, 689, 692, 693, 704, 705, 707, 714 recommendations concerning, 549-550 regard for the French, v, 147 relations with other tribes, 11, 278, 567; v, 524-525 removal, v, 495; vi, 497, 505-506, 516 problem of, Iv, 485 report on condition, vi, 547 resemblance to Ottowas, Iv, 187; vi, 464 scaffold burial adopted by, v1, 617 Sioux, enmity toward, 11, 547 feuds with, I, 142, 143 wars with, v, 524-525; vi, 387- 389 spirit-god of, mi, 483-484 stature, Iv, 349 suitable place for, Iv, 193-194 Swan Creek, fiscal statistics on, vI, 421, 122, 723 Swan Creek and Black River, pop- ulation, vI, 689, 692 synonyms, It, 563 totems, 111, 556 trade, 11, 565 trading posts for, m1, 567, 599-600 traditional enemies, v, 39 traditions, 1, 802-304; m1, 491-492; v, 147-150 treaties with, v, 499, 500; v1, 327, 830, 334, 380, 421 effecting removal of, vi, 488 ceding lands of, vi, 458 settling boundary for, vi, 422 Ti, INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFYT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 45 Chippewas—Continued war customs, II, 58 warriors, number of, 11, 556, 559, 560, 563; vi, 271 wars with the Sioux, vi, 387-389 winter headdress, illustrated, 111, 68 See also Ojibwas; Ontonagons; Pillagers; Saulteurs. Chippeways. See Chippewas. Chippewyans (Chepeweyans, Chepe- wyans, Cheppewyans, Cheppe- yans), an Athapascan tribe, m1, 542 beard, 0, 322 beliefs, v, 173-174 characteristics, v, 174 classification, m1, 401 creation myth, v, 1738 dress, v, 174-175 hair, 11, 322 language, v, 172 name, double use of, v, 574 native, v, 172 origin, v, 172 population, 11, 27; v, 172 territory occupied by, v, 172 tradition, 1, 19 Chipwas. See Chippewas. Chisea village, artificial mound at, Iv, 124 attack on, by De Soto, m1, 47; v1, 62 Chisels, copper, I, 94 stone, I, 91-92 illustrated, 1, 77, 90 Chitimacha. See Chetimaches. Choate, Lucy, illustration of hair, U1, 390 measurements of hair, 1, 384 Chock o lock o, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Chockreletan (Chocreleatan), census, v, 492 location, v1, 702 population, v1, 702 Chocta. See Choctaw. Chocta, Muskhog, a linguistic family, mi, 401 divisions, m1, 401 Choctas. See Choctaws. Choctaw lands, boundaries, v1, 527 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Choctaw language, m1, 596-597 boecks and tracts in, Iv, 544-546 brief vocabulary, In, 347 Lord’s Prayer in, v, 592 vocabulary (numerals), 11, 204-206 Choctaws (Chactas, Chactaws, Chauc- taws, Chocta, Choctas), v, 99: vi, 480, 686 account of, v, 572 agriculture practiced by, vi, 526 allies of the French, vi, 237 and Chickasaws, acres possessed by, Iv, 519 relation, vI, 460, 484, 527, 528 treaty with, v1, 484 union of, tv, 472, 574; vi, 46 annuities, 1, 585 Appalachian tribe, 111, 29 appropriations for, 11, 564 at battle of Mauvila, 11, 44 attendance at mission, v, 698 attitude in Creek war, vi, 369 called Mavilians, 0, 34 Mobilians, 111, 29 Catawba band absorbed by, 10. 293 census, v, 504-505; v1, 690 roll, abstract of, Iv, 528 classification, 11, 401; v, 42 colonization, plan for, v1, 412 condition, after removal, vi, 480, 522-528 general, v, 483 report on, Iv, 582-587 country allotted to, v1, 410 eranial measurements, I, 335 De Soto in country of, 0, 34 emigration, vi, 488 forts erected by, v, 110 funds required for, 0, 567 government, v, 504; vi, 528 group including, 1, 197 head flattening among, It, 324 intermarriage with Scotch, vi, 351 investments for, 11, 563 lands, Iv, 574 ceded by, tm, 602 claimed by, m1, 584, 585 purchased from, rm, 594, 598, 599 statistics on, 11, 605 language, discussion of, m1, 596— 597 (Bull. 152 Choctaws—Continued legal name proposed for, v, 498 location, TI, 559, 584, 585, 597; v1, 704 map showing colony, Iv, 180 maps showing location, 11, 96; v, 253 ; vi, 519 medical practices, v, 440-441 migration legend, v, 98; v1, 4038 missionary work among, v, 698; vI, 734, 738, 7389, 740 nearly identical with Chicasa, 11, 401 neutrality in Creek war, v1, 403 numeral system, v, 244, 712 origin tradition, v, 61 population, 1, 522, 523; 11, 584, 585, 597, 609, 610; Iv, 574; v, 483, 498 ; vI, 272, 479, 686, 704 progress, v, 506, 694 relations with Whites, v, 278 removal, iI, 558; 1v, 460, 484-485; vi, 497, 516 agreement to, vi, 488, 486 condition after, v1, 480, 522-528 plan for, 111, 576, 578 policy during, v1, 476 school planned for, v, 699 settlement in country of, v1, 185 slavery among, VI, 332 stand taken in Revolutionary War, vi, 295 statistics, attempt to gather, v, 482 fiscal, v1, 720, 722, 723 on land of, 11, 605 stature, m1, 318; Iv, 349 sun worship practiced by, v, 1038 supreme deity of, m1, 511 territory occupied by, vi, 32 traditional home, Iv, 606 transference to the West, v1, 423 treaties with, v, 499; v1, 328, 334, 380, 461 provisions of, vi, 403 voluntary removal of, v, 450 warriors, estimate of, 11, 555, 559 westward movement, vi, 420 within Neosho Colony, iv, 460 Cho gart lo fixico, of Tuck a batch cha Town, Iv, 575 Choiteu, a California tribe, vz, 711 Chokuyem. See Tcho-ko-yem. Cholera, epidemic of, 1, 184 Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S 47 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Cholula, measurements of pyramid of, | Christian Indians—Continued vI, 582 Cholulans, 11, 515 mythology, vi, 640-641 Cholulu monuments, conclusions drawn from, Iv, 114 Chopemnish. See Chopunnish. Chopko, Jonny, chief at Chehawah, tv, 580 Chopunnish (Chopemnish) Indians, beard of, m, 322 location, m1, 570 population, ti, 570, 609; v, 706 of Lewis’s River, m1, 570 See also Nez Perces. Chori, name for Indians of Trinidad, Calif., m1, 133 Cho-tan-o-man-as, arrangements made for, at Clear Lake, 11, 110 Choteau, M., St. Louis merchant, 11, 354, 355 Chouteau, Col. Pierre, death of Pontiac described by, m1, 308 Chowan River, exploration of, v1, 90 Indians on, vi, 86 Indian villages on, vi, 85 Chowanoc. See Chowanocks. Chowanocks (Chowans), discussion of name of, vi, 90 included in Monacan dialects, 111, 292 location, v1, 86 of Iroquois stock, vi, 86 Chowans. See Chowanocks. Chowechak (Chow-e-shak), a Califor- nia tribe or band, 11, 116; vi, 711 location, 111, 421 Chow-e-shak. See Chowechak. Chow-e-shak language, vocabulary, II, 434-440 Christian churches, Indian membership in, v, 698 Christian Indians, attitude of, during Revolutionary War, VI, 277 census, I, 488-497 ; 111, 621-628 condition, after removal, v1, 543, 544 funds required for, m, 566 government, vy, 504 location, 1, 488; v1, 705 meeting place, v, 225 migrations, v1, 317 Neuters at village of, 1v, 208 payments made to, v1, 721, 723 population, v, 504; vr, 705 tribes composing, v, 506 See also Munceys and Christian Indians. Christian religion, importance of, in civilizing Indians, m1, 472-474 Christianity, among Indians, table showing, vy, 502-503 among Oneidas, v, 512-513 among Oregon tribes, 111, 221-222 Chippewa attitude toward, v, 151 forced on Indians, m1, 23 Indian attitude toward, tv, 638-639 ; vi, 105 list of tribes adopting, v, 504 opposition to, rv, 640 Christiantown, I, 287 Christinaux. See Cristeneaux. Chu-cha-cas language, Pueblos speak- ing, v, 689 Chugnut. See Chaghnet. Chunk yard (Chunkey-yard), described by Bartram, v, 100 use of, v, 265; vi, 343 Church, Capt. Benjamin, v1, 155, 163 campaign of, against Indians, v1, 171 Church Missionary Society, mission es- tablished by, v1, 739 Church of the United Brethren, mission- ary labors of, vi, 734, 735 Churehill River, classification of lan- guage of, m1, 401 tribes on, vi, 33 Chusco, an Ottowa prophet, 1, 389 information obtained from, 1, 307, 308; vi, 203 miraculous arts of, Iv, 491 Chute, J. A., work of, Iv, 541 Cia (Chia), identification, 1v, 35, 39 other names for, Iv, 35 party sent to, iv, 29 population, 111, 633 ; v1, T09 See also Silla. Cibola, v, 107 Coronado at, Iv, 24; v1, 70 identified as old Zuni, tv, 24, 32, 33, 39 map showing location of, 1v, 39 48 Cibola—Continued tale of seven cities of, Iv, 22; v1, 58 use of name, Iv, 25 Cibolos, absorbed by Umabs, r, 519 ancient, population, 1, 519 Cicoua, a synonym of Cicuyé (q. v.), Iv, 39 Cicuyé, v, 107 arrival of Spaniards at, rv, 26 Coronado at, Iv, 29 description, tv, 35 identified as Pecos, tv, 32, 35, 39 location, Iv, 25-26, 29, 39 map showing, Iv, 39 Pecos name for, Iv, 35 sketch of, rv, 29 Spanish expedition at, tv, 34 Cieza, Pedro de, observations made by, I, 828 Cincinnati, fort on present site of, vI, 336 Cinnabar, mines of, 1, 150 ore identified as, 1, 150 use of word, I, 150 Cinteotl, Toltec goddess, v1, 631 Cipriano, Father, labors of, 1v, 557 Circleville, mention of earthworks at, vI, 597 Circumcision, cases of among Indians, 11, 268 Civility, interpreter, mention of, v1, 140 Civilization, and geographic location, tv, 662 diseases traceable to, rv, 503-504 effect on Indians, v, 44-45 European, Indian attitude toward, VI, 27-29 Indian resistance to, vi, 565-566 influence on Indian discussed, 111, 220, 614 judged by antiquities, rv, 113-114 Mexican, discovery of, rv, 122-123 state of, in Peru and Mexico, at Discovery, v, 89-95 See also Indian Civilization. Civilization, Indian, at time of Dis- covery, I, 55 backward state of, m, 30-31 character, v, 29 conclusions concerning, I, 105 decline, v, 69 degree, 1, 45 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (Bull. 152 Civilization—Continued discussion of, I, 62-65, 71-72; v1, 346-348, 507-509, 592-594 disintegration, tv, 148 effect of agriculture on, v, 392 effect of commerce with Whites on, 1, 188-189 exaggerated reports of, v, 88 extent, Iv, 665-666 intrusive elements in, v, 85-86 lack of advance in, tv, 146-147 plans for, discussed, m, 526-587 stages, 1, 224 Toltec element in, rv, 147-148 See also Culture. Civilized Indians, Pueblos called, 1, 245 Cla-catska, a Creek town, Iv, 563 Clackamas (Clarkamus), vi, 686 location, m1, 572; v, 492 maps showing, 111, 96, 200 population, 1, 521; ut, 572, 609, 632; v, 492; vi, 686, 701 Clackstar nation, location, 111, 570 population, m1, 570 See also Tlatskanai. Clahclellah, a Shahalah tribe, m, 570 location, m1, 570 Clahnaquah. See Clannahqueh. Clahoose. See Cle Huse. Claiborne, Gen., attack by, on Creek town, vI, 368 fort defended by, v1, 362 Clallams, population, v, 705 See also Noosclalum; S’klallams; Tlalams. Clal lu e is, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 Clamets, classification, mm, 402 See also Klamath Indians. Clamoctomichs, location, mt, 571 population, m1, 571 Clan. See Clans. Claninnates, location, rt, 571 population, m1, 571 Clannahqueh, location, m1, 570 population, m1, 570 Clannarminnamuns, location, m1, 571 population, m, 571 | Nichols] Clans, totemic organizations, 1, 193 Dacota, discussion of, 0, 171 explanation of term, 1, 193; v, 262 feuds between, uo, 171 of the Chickasaw, I, 311 of the Iowas, m1, 268-269 of the Winnebagoes, Iv, 236 system, among the Creeks, 1, 275 Clark, Gen., Indian population esti- mated by, v, 480, 484 treaty negotiated by, v1, 420, 421- 422 Clark(e), Gen. George Rogers, Iv, 623; vI, 263 cited on mound period, v1, 600 expedition, against the Indians, v1, 302-303 testimony, regarding Logan mas- sacre, 111, 56 theory, concerning mounds, tv, 133- 136 treaty concluded by, v1, 327 Clark, Gen. William, explorations of, vi, 349 position filled by, v1, 350 quoted on removal of Indians, v1, 426-427 services rendered by, v1, 405 standing, among the Indians, v1, 380 Clark, Wm., and Cass, Lew., papers transmitted by, 11, 588-589 Clarkamus. See Clackamas. Clarke, Edward Daniel, copied by, vi, 611 Clarke, Gen. William, m1, 248 Clarke, Maj., death of, v1, 336 Clarkson, Matthew, diary of journey, Iv, 265-278 trading station opened by, v1, 269 Clary, Lt. R., expedition escorted by, I, 144 Classification of tribes, v1, 573-574 by early French, v1, 391 See also under tribal names. Clatacamin (Clatsacamin, Clatsaconin), vI, 686 population, 1, 521; v1, 686, 701 See also Tlatskannai. Clath lo hargo, a Creek chief, Iv, 576 Clatsaps. See Clatsops. Clatsop (Klatsop) language, brief vo- cabulary, 01, 2238-224 inscription INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 49 Clatsops (Chatsops, Clatsaps, Klat- sops), v, 492; v1, 686 classification, 111, 402 head flattening among, 11, 326 location, 111, 201, 571; v, 492 map showing location, m1, 200 physical characteristics, m1, 224 population, 1, 521; 111, 201, 571, 609, 632; v, 492; vi, 686, 701 Clay, Gen. Green, defeat of troops un- der, VI, 362 Clay, Henry, illustration showing hair of, 111, 388 Clear Lake country, described, m1, 108— 109 population, v1, 711 Clear Lake Indians, affinities, 111, 108, 421 beliefs and customs, m1, 112-113 description, m1, 106-108 population, m1, 110, 634 Clear Lake treaty, tribes represented at, 1m, 109 Cle Huse, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 Cle li Kitte, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 Clemens, James W., mound contents de- scribed by, 1, 122 Clemma (John), chief of the Nasomah, vi, 702 Clermont’s Band, v1, 540 an Osage band, 111, 594 country occupied by, m1, 594 Cleuwatha Town, a Creek town, Iv, 575 chiefs of, Iv, 575 Clewauleys, a Creek town, v, 262 Cle wulla, an Upper Creek town, IV 578 Clickass. See Clict ass. Clickatais. See Clickatats. Clickatats (Clickatais, Clickitats), ac- count of, 1v, 600 head flattening among, 0, 326 maps showing location, m1, 96, 200 population, 1, 521; m1, 632; 1v, 701 Clickitats. See Clickatats. Clict ass, census, vy, 489 language, v, 489 50 Clinch, Gen., defeat of, at the Wythla- cooche, vi, 471 part taken by, in Seminole War, VI, 468, 469, 470 Clinton, De Witt, m1, 184, 198; 1v, 131 cited on ancient warfare, Iv, 187 quoted on Iroquois mentality, 111, 57 Clinton, Gen. James, vi, 306 Indian town destroyed by, vi, 311 march of, vi, 309 observations made by, vi, 334 Clinton, Gov., v, 514 Clishhooks (Cushhooks), location, 111, 572 population of, 111, 572, 609 Cloo, census, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Clossets, location, Iv, 599 See also Ma-caw. Clothing, affected by environment, vy, 80 Clear Lake Indians, 1, 108 decoration, 11, 64, 515; v, 116 description, M1, 65-69 made of skins, 1, 87-SS8 of a corpse, Iv, 54, 66 of Apaches, v, 210-211 of Blackfeet, v, 182 of California Indians, m1, 127, 140, 141 of California tribes, illustrated, v, Palle of Callapuyas, 11, 219 of Chippewyans, v, 174-175 of Comanches, 1, 133 Creek women, V, 275 Cuchansg, 1, 112-113 ot Dacotahs, Iv, 68-69 Kenistenos, v, 165-166 of Massachusetts Indians, 1, 284 of Moquis, 111, 298 of Ojibwas, 1, 138 of Oregon Indians, 111, 219-220 Pueblos, iv, 76-77 Sacramento tribes, v1, 710 the dead, 11, 68; Iv, 54, 66 of Virginia Indians, 11, 23 of Winnebagoes, Iv, 58 of Yumas, wu, 110 See also Blankets; Costume; Moc- casins; Ornamentation. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [ Bull. 152 Clouds, importance of, to Indian mind, I, 34 Clow et sus, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 Clowns, at Moqui dance, tv, 8+ Clowwewalla. See Tum Waters. Coacquannok, Delaware village, now Philadelphia, iv, 280 Coal, bituminous, in Rocky Mountain region, 1, 209, 218 found on Arkansas River, 1, 270 Coasawda, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Coat of mail, wooden, described, 1, 216 illustrated, 11, 216 Coatl, a type of evil, Iv, 664 Cocheecalechee, meaning of name, Vv, 575 Cochiti (Cochite), language, v, 689 population, 1, 519; 11, 633; v1, 709 Cocknawaga, Peter, vi, 262 Coco Maricopas. See Maricopas. Co-co-noon Indians, manner of speech, Iv, 407 vocabulary, Iv, 413 Cocopa. See Co-co-pah. Co-co-pah (Cacupas, Cu-cu-pahs, Cucu- pas), a Yuma division, 11, 116 country occupied by, U, 116 description, Iv, 38 maps showing location, 111, 96; Iv, 24 Codex Tellurianus, 1, 21 Codex Vaticanus, I, 21 Coeur d’Alene (Cour d’Alenes, d’Aliens), location, v, 490 population, 11, 632; v, 490, 705, 707; vi, 700, 701 See also Conerd Helene; Skitswish. Cofaqui, De Soto at, 111, 40 Cofatchequi (Cofatchique, Cofitchiqui, Cutifachiqui), 1, 35 De Soto at, 11, 34; m1, 27, 40; v1, 61 site, 1, 88 Coffee, Gen. John, Creeks defeated by, v1, 367, 370 Cofitchiqui. See Cofatchequi. Coghnawagas and _ others, grounds, vi, 714 hunting grounds, vi, 714 population, v1, 714 See also Caughnawaga. Cour dwelling Nichols] INDEX TC Cognawagoes and Connefedagoes, dwelling grounds, vi, 714 hunting grounds, vi, 714 population, vi, 714 See also Caughnawaga. Cohahatatea (Cohahatea), Indian name of Hudson River, vr, 100, 504 Coharty, Mr., vi, 289 Cohocton, meaning of name, Iv, 384; v, 669 Colbert, Maj. Pitman, tv, 583 Colbert, Wm., annuity of, m, 584 Colbert, Winchester, Chickasaw division of, 1, 508 Colcord, Edward, v, 228 Colden, Cadwallader, cited on Iroquois attainments, v, 107 Five Nations deseribed by, 111, 184— 195 quoted on Indian oratory, 11, 56 Colespelin. See Calapelins. Coligni (Coligny), Admiral, expedition organized by, vi, 73, 76 settlement of Fiorida by, vi, 744 Coligoa, location, Iv, 182 northern point reached by De Soto, I, 50 search for, by De Soto, tv, 320, 321 Collville tribe. See Colville. Collyer, Col., 11, 114 Coloille Indians, population, I, 521 Colonial Commissioners, addressed by Cannassatego, 111, 199 Colonies possibly absorbed by Indians, v, 86 Colonization of tribes, 1v, 180, 459-475 authorized by Congress, v, 428-431 territory assigned for, Iv, 460 See also Colonization plan. Colonization plan, Iv, 484-486; vi, 406- 416 first decade, vi, 428-461 end of, v1, 503 fundamental principles, v1, 444 Colonized tribes, description of lands, v1, 519-521 geographical position, v1, 519, 520 Color, as a racial characteristic, Iv, 362 of Indian tribes, Iv, 361, 362 Colorado Cafion, discovery, by Spanish expedition, Iv, 25 Colorado of the West, branches of, de- scribed, 1, 218 SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. §. INDIAN TRIBES” 51 Colorado River, changes in name, v, 200 Indians of, v, 197 ; v1, 698 Yuma name for, 11, 113 Colorado Valley, inhabitants, 1, 217- 218 Columbia, use of name, v, 594 Columbia River, tribes on, v1, 703 Columbia River Indians, cranial meas- urements, 11, 335 skull of, illustrated, 11, 326, 328, 330 Columbia Valley, Indian population, 11, 570-572 tribes occupying, 11, 570-572 Columbus, discoveries of, v1, 743 Indians named by, v, 28 landing place of, Iv, 554 visit to Iceland, 1, 106 Colville (Collville tribe) and Spokane, population of, v, 706, T07 location, v, 490 population, m1, 632; v, 490, 705, 707 ; vi, 700, 701 See also Kettle Falls Indians; Schwo-Yelpi; Shuyelpe ; Wheelpo. Comanche (Comanchee) language, brief yocabulary, i, 129-130 conclusions derived from, 111, 403 vocabulary, 11, 494-505 Comanchees. See Comanches. Comanches (Camanches, Comanchees, Cumanches), tI, 399; Iv, 469, 470; vi, 34, 489, 686, 708 and Kioways, location, v1, 705 population, v1, 705 attack on emigrants, 11, 134 illustrated, 1, 133 attacks on Pecos, Iv, 35 bands, names of, 1, 230, 260 beliefs, Ir, 126-127, 128, 129 branch of the Shoshonee, 1, 201 brief account, 1, 244; v, 575-576 Chiefs, list of, m, 128 classification, tm, 343; Iv, 197, 217 country inhabited by, 1, 230; 111, 635 described, 1, 238-239; 11, 128- 129 depredations, Iv, 593 description, 1, 229-238; 11, 125-134 divisions, Ir, 127-128; v, 575 identified as Shoshonean, 11, 38 sale Se 52 Comanches—Continued included in Shoshonee group, I, 197 inscription of, described, Iv, 253 illustrated, Iv, 253 ; v1, 70 intermarriage with other tribes, 1, 126 lack of tradition among, I, 231 linguistic affiliations, 1, 260 ; 11, 402, 403 map showing location, 11, 96 marriage customs, v, 683 migration, v1, 616 legend, 11, 126 names for, various, 11, 126 numeral system, v, 244 origin tradition, 1, 230; v, 683 physical characteristics, v, 684 population, I, 230, 244, 245, 260, 518, 519; 111, 609, 635; v, 702; v1, 686, 705, 708 raids, into Mexico, 11, 330, 334 range of war parties, 1, 159 religion, v, 684-685 report on, mm, 125-134 Teyans identified as, Iv, 35 treaty with, vi, 461 See also Naiini; Niuna; Padoucah ; Pandoueca stock. Combahee Indians, gold and silver ob- tained from, Iv, 165 treachery avenged by, 111, 39 Combahee River, Indians of, m1, 25; VI, 82, 39 Combs, wooden, illustrated, m1, 468 Com-comly, m1, 144 Comenistequoia, v1, 269 Comeya. See Co-mo-ya. Commerce. See Trade. Commissioner of Indian Affairs, report for 1850, m, 547-560 Committee on Indian Affairs, address to Indians by, vi, 298-296 Communication, between hostile tribes, m, 212 by “signal” trees, m1, 150-151 See also Inscriptions; Pictographs. Comogei, m, 115 Co moux, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (Bull. 152 Comox. See Co moux. Co-mo-ya (Co-mo-yahs, Comoyei), 1, 110, poet: distinguishing characteristics, II, | 116 location, 1, 116 words in language, m, 121 Comoyei. See Co-mo-ya. Complexion, of aborigines, 1, 320 See also Color. Compostella, rv, 22, 23, 32 Cona, inhabited by Teyas, Iv, 37 Con-a-ha-ta-kaw’s Band, census, 1, 498- | 507 Conanicut, v1, 118 Conastoga. See Conestogo. Conawaghrunes. See Caughnawaga. Con chante ti, an Upper Creek town, Iv, | 578 Conerd Helene or Printed Hearts, popu- | lation of, 1, 521 Conestoga. See Conestogo. Conestogo (Canostogas, Conastoga, | Conestogoes, Conestogues), Oneida tribe, v1, 136 Andastes identified as, v1, 187, 138 called Susquehanna Menquays, VI, 140 language, vi, 140, 141 massacre, VI, 141, 237 subjugated by Iroquois, v1, 140 treaties with, v1, 140 See also Andastes, Minqua, Susque- hannocks. Conestogoe (Conostoga) village, birth- place of Skenandoah, v, 510 Indians at, v1, 141 massacre at, v1, 141 Conestogoes, Conestogues. See Cones- togo. Confederacy, formation of, among Iro- quois, 1, 197 lack of spirit of, among Indians, Iv, 482 of western tribes, mounds attrib- uted to, Iv, 136, 137 See also Alliances, tribal; Creek Confederacy ; Iroquois Confeder- acy; Powhatan Confederacy. an Nichols] Congarees, antiquities of, 1v, 155-169, 170-172 illustrated, tv, 160, 164-168 ; v1, 179 conspiracy entered by, tv, 158 decrease in population, tv, 158 described by Lawson, Iv, 157-158 disappearance, Iv, 159 skull, illustrated, rv, 160 type of, tv, 172 subordinate tribe of the Catawbas, vi, 179 Congo Billy, hair, measurements of, 1, 383 illustration of, m1, 390 Coniatare, Iroquois name for Huron, rv, 383 Conies, v, 187 See also Conoy. Connassatego. See Canassatego. Connecticut, Indian lands in, m1, 583, 586; v, 480 Indian population of, 1, 524; 11, 583, 586; v, 480 population and area of, Iv, 610 Connecticut River, ancient form of name, V, 576 Indians on, vi, 110 meaning of name, v, 576 Connecticut Valley, tribes of, v, 226-227 Connefedagoes and Cognawagoes, dwelling grounds, v1, 714 hunting grounds, vi, 714 population of, v1, 714 Conner, Henry, assistance rendered by, I, 113 Connewangoes, a branch of the Senecas, Ii, 288 Catawbas driven out by, 1, 288 country occupied by, m1, 288 Conoies. See Conoy. Conolly, Maj., frontier manded by, Iv, 622 Conoodagtoh, v1, 140 Conostoga. See Conestogoe village. Conoy (Conoies, Conoys), a synonym of Nanticos, v1, 131 and others, population of, v1, 270 country occupied by, v, 668; v1, 131 dwelling grounds, vi, 714 hunting grounds, v1, 714 migration, vi, 132 population, v, 668; v1, 714 subjection, to Iroquois, 1v, 617 Lake forces com- INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” bp Conoy (Conies, Conoys)—Con. tribe of the Susquehannocks, Iv, 617 extinct, v, 576 Constellation, The Bear, recognized by Massachusetts Indians, 1, 285 Consumption, among Eel River Indians, Im, 128, 129 treatment for, Iv, 512 Contamis (Contenay), location, 1, 487 population, 1, 521 See also Kutenai; Flatbows. Contenay. See Contamis. Continence. See Warriors. Continental abrasion, 1, 171 Cook, Capt., reference to discoveries of, Vv, 27 Cooking, baskets used for, 1, 61, 211; ri, 107, 206 method of, among Snake Indians, I, ait | among the Sioux, 0, 176 Shoshonean, described, 1, 211 simplicity of, um, 64 vessels used for, 81 See also Food; Pottery. Cook-koo-oose, location, 111, 571 population, 11, 571, 609 Coolamies, a Creek town, v, 262 Cools-on-tick-ara, Meaning of name, I, 260 Cooniae. See Konic. Coon-skin, an Hel River chief, m1, 129 Cooper, Senator, of Pennsylvania, In- dian legislation discussed by, v, 465-466 Coos. See Cookkoo-oose. Coosa, principal Creek town, m1, 41 Coosa fixico of Talladega Town, Iv, 576 Coosa River, derivation of name, 111, 511 description, v, 257 mounds on, Iv, 127 Coosadas (Coosades, Coosidas), a part of the Creek nation, v, 115, 260 classification, 111, 401, 404 population, 111, 399 See also Koasati. Coosadas (village), a Creek town, v, 262 Coosahatechee (Coosahatchie) River, derivation of name, lI, 27 Indians of region, vi, 32 Coosahatches, a Creek town, v, 262 o4 Coosas (Coosaws) Indians, included in Appalachians, v, 42 subordinate tribe of the Catawbas, vI, 179 Coosas (village), a Creek town, v, 262 Coosaws. See Coosas. Coosidas. See Coosadas. Coospellar, location, 111, 572 population, 11, 572, 609 See also Kalispel. Coosue. See Coosucks. Coosucks, derivation of name, v, 222 members of Pennacook Confed- eracy, V, 222 Cootenays (Coutenay), population, v, 490; vi, T01 and Flatbows, population, v, 705; vi, 700 See also Kutenai. Copafi, inhabitants briefly described, 1, 32 Copalis. See Paiish. Copeh language, band speaking, 111, 421 vocabulary, 1, 428-434 Copeland, Mr., quoted on the Choctaws, Iv, 586 Copper, artifacts, 1, 67, 99; v1, 598 axes from Peruvian guacas, v, 92 discovery of mass of, 1, 96, 98 hardened by tin, use of, 11, 31 implements, description, Iv, 488-439 discovery in Ohio, v, 665-666 illustrations of, Iv, 488; v, 93 recovery of, v, 112 mining, 1, 95-100 ornaments, I, 93 plates of, found with skeletons, I, 127-128 trade in, 1, 67, 99 use among Ojibwas, II, 138 by Indians, 1, 50, 67; 111, 87-88; v, 395 by mound-builders, I, 99 See also Copper mines. Copper-mine Indians, v, 179 Athapascan tribe, 11, 542 numerical importance, 11, 27 population, I, 27 Coppermine River language, classifica- tion, m1, 401 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Copper mines and mining, aboriginal, Iv, 143-144; vi, 611 ancient, methods used in, v, 111 remains of, I, 96; v, 395-396, 397 implements used in, rv, 144 Copper ore of Lake Superior, 1, 160 Copway, George, translation by, Iv, 532 Coquille bands, origin of name, v1, 702 Coquille River, Indians of, v1, 702 Cordova, Francisco Hernandez de, dis- coveries of, 111, 27; vi, 44, 743 Corees, identification, v1, 179 location, vI, 35 Corn (maize, Zea maize), a subsidiary food, 1, 483 Algonquin belief concerning, vy, 39 as an element of civilization, 1, 64 as evidence of route of migration, I, 64; 1, 29-32; tv, 115, 132 buried with the dead, v, 93 ceremony connected with, vy, 267; VI, 385 connection with pottery, 1, 61 cultivated on Grave Creek flats, Iv, 130 cultivation, 1, 46, 56-57, 60, 197; I, 28-29 effect, I, 60-65; v, 229 extent, I, 80; m, 29; vi, 562 dance connected with, mi, 89; v, 685 drink made from, v, 274 feast of, v, 268 guarded from birds, u1, 63 human sacrifice connected with, v, 78 in Minnesota, 1, 182, 1838 Troquois aided by, 11, 30 legend concerning waste of, v, 194— 195 legend of origin, 1, 311; m1, 230—- 232; m1, 538; Iv, 343; v, 193 offering to Great Spirit, vi, 385 on De Soto’s line of march, 11, 29 pounding, illustrated, Iv, 175 preparation for food, 1, 80; m1, 466; v, 274 for warriors, 1, 80 reference to introduction of, 1, 145 song of, Chippewa, v, 563-564 spread of, rv, 115 Nichols] INDEX TO Corn (maize, Zea maize )—Continued supplied to Jamestown colony, I, 29 tribes cultivating, v, 108; vi, 34, 128 See also Agriculture; Cornfields ; Corn planting; Garden beds. Corn cracker, illustration of, 1, 88 Cornds, Bob, chief of Tuck a batch cha Town, Iv, 575 Cornelius, a Tuolumne chief, tv, 407 Cornfields, protection of, by menstruat- ing women, v, 70 illustration showing protection of, Tien oo Ve CO Corn House, an Upper Creek town, tv, 578 Corn Island, erection of fort on, vi, 302 Cornplanter, Chief, at Canandaigua eouncil, VI, 326 location of band of, Im, 288 peace mission of, v, 668 Senecas led by, v1, 314 Corn planting, ceremony with, vI, 627 marked by human sacrifice, 1v, 50; vi, 496 Cornstalk, Chief, rv, 614, 62 battle led by, v1, 266 Cornwallis, Capt., vI, 143 Coroados of Brazil, stature of, u, 318 Coronado, Francisco Vasquez, country covered by, Iv, 30 discussion of route of, Iv, 32-40 expedition of, 11, 308-809; tv, 23-82; vi, 69-71, 743 failure, Iv, 31 limits reached by, v, 107 natives robbed by, tv, 27 route, Iv, 32-40 map of, Iv, 39 sheep introduced by, vi, 616 Cortereals, I, 134 Cortez, 111, 23 at Lake Tezcoco, v, 96 conquests, III, 27 ; Iv, 21-22 exaggeration attributed to, 1, 46 Mexico invaded by, v1, 743 Narvaez defeated by, 111, 28 reference to invasion by, v, 62 Cosa, a synonym of Coosa (q. y.), 1, 34 connected SCHOOLCRAFT'S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 55 Coshattas (Coshattees, Coshatties), 11, 524 country occupied by, m1, 585, 599 population, m1, 585, 596 See also Koasati. Coshattees, Coshatties. See Coshattas. Cosmogony, Iroquoian, v1, 666-670 See also Creation myths. Cosninas, map showing location, u11, 96; Iv, 24 Costanoes, disappearance, y1, 710 vocabulary of language, 11, 494-505 notes to, 11, 506 Costumes, Comanche, 1, 234 for dances, Iv, 74, 77 illustrated, 111, 217 for Giant’s dance, 11, 487 Moqui dancers’, described, tv, S8—S4 illustrated, iv, 74 of California Indians, v, 649 of California warriors, m1, 216 of Chippewa woman, illustrated, v, 147 of Comanche warrior, I, 235 of Dacotah warriors, tv, 63 of Pueblo dancers, tv, 79 of Winnebago warriors, Iv, 53-54 of Yankton chief, described, 111, 67 See also Clothing; Hairdressing; Headdress; Ornaments. Cosulhentan (Cosutheutun), census, v, 492 location, v1, 702 population, vr, 702 Cosutheutun. See Cosulhentan. Cotech er e marthla, a Creek chief, tv, 576 Coteau des Prairie, Indian quarry at, Iv, 148 Cotonay, cranial measurements, 11, 335 See also Kutenai. Cotton, blankets of, in New Mexico, 1, 28 extent of cultivation, 1, 80 fabrics, manufactured by Moquis and Pimos, Iv, 33 observed by Columbus, v, 28 possessed by Tusayans, Iv, 25, hoo plant, spread of, 1v, 115 trend of migration shown by, Iv, 115, 132 56 Cotton—Continued production, among Choctaws, VI, 526 taxes paid in, 1v, 444 use in West Indies, rv, 443 Cotton, John, missionary work of, VI, 734, 735, 736 Couch, Rey. E., school conducted by, v, 694 Couexes, vi, 74 Council Bluffs agency, condition of In- dians at, rv, 465-466 Council-fire, Onondaga, story of origin, iI, 314-317 Councilman, office of, 1, 194 Councils, at Clear Lake, m1, 106, 108, 109 authority of, 1, 194, 275 calling of, 1, 193, 277 crime punished by, 1, 183 functions among the Comanches, I, 231 manner of conducting, Ir, 130, 183; Iv, 342 procedure in, 1, 276, 311 Counting, method of, m, 178 See also Numeral system ; Numera- tion. Cour d’Alenes, Cour Coeur d’Alene. Courtship, Creek customs, v, 268 Couse root, preparation for food, v, 656 Coutaria, classification, m1, 402 See also Kutenai. Coutenay. See Cootenays. Coutts, Lt., 1, 107 Cow-e-litz. See Cowlitz. Cow e ta, Cowetas (town), v, 254 a Lower Creek town, Iv, 578; v, 262 chiefs of, Iv, 579 glethorpe’s conference at, v, 278 Cowetas (tribe), v1, 376 at battle at Attasee, v1, 368 attitude in Creek war, v1, 369, 376 emigration to land of, v, 259 relations with Five Nations, m1, 186 See also Caouitas; Canitas. Cowe-wa-chin, location, rv, 598 mention of language, rv, 600 d’Aliens. See BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Cowichan. See Cowe-wa-chin. Cowlitz (Cow-e-litz), mm, 632; v1, 686, 703 and Upper Chihalis, location, v, 490; vi, 703 merger, v, 703 population, v, 490; v1, 703 classification, mI, 402 location, Iv, 599; v, 703 maps showing, m1, 96, 200 mention of language of, rv, 600 Oregon tribe, v, 577 population, 1, 521; rv, 599; v, 705; vi, 686, TOL Cowlitz River, tribes on, v1, 703 Cow-ye-ka, a Lower Creek town, tv, 578 Cox, Col., death of, v1, 288 Coxcox, v, 102 the Toltee god, v, 63 Coxe, Ross, 11, 29 Coyateros. See Coyoteros. Coyle, Wyat C., marauding activities of, 1v, 593 Coyotens. See Coyoteros. Coyotero Apaches, map showing loca- tion of, Iv, 24 Coyoteros (Coyateros, Coyotens), an Apache division, Iv, 216; v, 208, 689 mention of dialect of, v, 203 travelers attacked by, Iv, 82 See also Gilands; Kiataws. Coytmore, Lt., death of, v1, 239 Cradleboard, Blackfeet, description of, v, 182 Cradles, carving on, Iv, 72 description of, 1, 66-67 illustrations of, m, 69 Navajo, described, 1v, 485 illustrated, Iv, 74 object in construction of, 1, 513 Crafts. See Arts and crafts; Handi- crafts. Craig, Wm., information obtained from, v, 652 Crane, The, treaty signed by, v1, 344 See also Tarhe. Cranes, domesticated by the Congarees, Iv, 157 hunters attacked by, rv, 103 Nichols] Crania, Iv, 350-351 classification based on, vi, 573-574 internal capacity, 11, 3382-335 measurements, 1, 3380 See also Cranial capacity; Skulls. Cranial capacity, in relation to intellect, V, 243-244 Iroquois, 11, 250 Mandan, 111, 250 See also Cranial measurements; Mental capacity. Cranial measuremenis, 11, 331-335 table of, 11, 335 See also Cranial capacity. Craven, Governor, Iv, 159 Crawford, Col., death of, at the stake, v, 139 sacrificed by Indians, Iv, 51 Crawford, Mr., prominent trader at Prairie du Chien, m1, 279 Crawford, Wm. H., letter from, regard- ing Indian lands, 1, 581 letter to, regarding Indian lands, uo, 582-583 Crawford Seminary, closing of, 1v, 592 Creation, belief concerning, m1, 276 Indian conception of, Iv, 664 of Negro, Indian version, Iv, 229 representative deities of, 111, 327 Creation myths. See Origin traditions. Creator, Indian belief in, v1, 572 Cree Indians, vi, 686, 695 also called Kenistenos, v, 41 census, VI, 556 conquests, v1, 33 effect of smallpox on, vi, 486 French name for Kenistenos, v, 145 included in Algonquin group, 1, 36 language, H, 341 location, 111, 593; vi, 556, 705 meaning of name, v, 40 migration, 01, 27 none in United States, 1, 523 not an independent tribe, v, 40 population, 11, 593, 609 ; v1, 686, 695, 705 See also Cristeneaux; Kenistenos; Knistenaux. Creek and Seminole wars, estimated cost of, v, 500 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S o7 Creek Confederacy, languages, m1, 596- 597 loose organization of, v1, 199 tribes composing, m1, 401, 404 Creek country, description, v, 258-259 map of, v, 253 size, v, 258 Creek Indians (Creeks), vi, 686 account of, I, 265-283 activities in war, v, 279, 281 agriculture among, VI, 532 and Seminoles, acres owned by, vi, 519 amalgamation, Iv, 574 annuities of, m1, 584, 585; vi, 533 antiquities of, v, 100 Appalachian tribe, 111, 29 appropriations for, 11, 564 arts and manufactures among, v, 691-693 at battle of Mauvila, 11, 44 attack on fort at Tensaw, vi, 362 on Wayne’s army, VI, 319 attendance at missions, v, 698 attitude toward debts, 1, 283 boundaries, settlement of, v1, 455 western, Vv, 257 Busk ceremony of, vi, 631 census, IV, 575-581; v, 504; v1, 690 ceremonies, v, 264-268; vi, 631 change in life, 1, 279 chiefs, list of, Iv, 575-576 Colonization, plan for, vi, 412 difficulties with regarding, v1, 416-419 condition, after removal, vi, 522, 532-535 general, vi, 517 conquests, vi, 365 council, with Comanches, Iv, 470 defeat, by General Floyd, v1, 362 description, v, 251-283 divisions, vI, 332 dwellings, v, 692 eating habits, v, 274. funds required for, u, 567-568 government, v, 279-282, 504, 577; VI, 583 green-corn dance, v, 685 group including, 1, 197 head flattening among, m1, 325 hostilities with, vi, 365-374 end of, vi, 374, 477-478 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 58 Creek Indians (Creeks) —Continued illustration of house of, v, 394 in Neosho colony, iv, 460 influence of English on, v, intelligence, vi, 532 intermarriage with Scotch, vi, 351 lands, rv, 574 ceded by, u, 602; vi, 445 cessions of, law regarding, VI, 417 negotiations mi, 575 claimed by, 11, 584 purchased from, 1, 594, 595, 598, 599, 600 language, mI, 596-597 location, m1, 40, 584, 596; v, 99 vI, 704 map showing, 01, 96; v1, 519 manners and customs, v, 272-283 map of country occupied by, v, 253 map showing colony of, Iv, 180 migrations, v, 100 tradition, v, 98; vI, 186 missionary work among, vV, 698; VI, 734, 736, 738, 739, 740 name, origin of, v1, 333 legal, proposed for, v, 498 negotiations with, reference to, VI, 409 of Georgia, emigration, v1, 488 opposition to schools, 1v, 478 origin, vy, 259 orphan, investments for, 11, 563 population, 1, 518, 522, 523; uI, 584, 596; 1v, 574; v, 263, 483; VI, 369, 532, 686, 704, 708 position in Revolutionary War, V1, 295-296 power, end of, 875 progress, state of, v, 506 public square of, v, 264-265 relations with De Soto, 11, 41 with Whites, v, 278 religious beliefs, v, 269-270 removal, Iv, 460, 484-485; vi, 479, 497, 515-516 condition after, v1, 522, 5382-535 opposition to, um, 417 plans for, m1, 578 trouble regarding, vy, 466-467 voluntary, v, 450 275 concerning, BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Creek Indians (Creeks)—Continued revolt against double punishment, | Iv, 471-472 secretive nature, I, 265 skirmishes with, on St. River, vi, 359-860 slavery among, VI, 332 social organization, 1, 274-277 statistics, fiscal, 1v, 5¢1; v1, 720, | (22s on lands of, 11, 605 stature, Iv, 349 disparity in, mu, 318 tattooing among, v, 216 towns, v, 262 list of, Iv, 575, 576 treaties made with, v, 499, 577; vi, 302, 334, 365, 380, 402, 403, 417, | 418-419 tribes absorbed by, v1, 370 composing, v, 260 villages, v, 262 war customs, v, 280 war with, vI, 365-376 Chickasaw, I, 311 in South Carolina, v1, 185 warriors, estimate of, m1, 557; v, | 263 See also Creeks, Lower; Creeks, Upper ; Machecous ; Muskogees. Creek language, 111, 596-597 See also Muskogee language. Creek towns, list, v, 262 population, v1, 333 See also Creek towns, Lower; Creek | towns, Upper. [Bull 152 | John’s | Creek towns, Lower, census of, Iv, 581 list, Iv, 578; v, 262 location, v, 256 Creek towns, Upper, census of, Iv, 577 | index to, Iv, 578 list, Iv, 578; v, 262 Creek war, account of, v1, 8365-376 Creeks, Lower, allies of the English, v, | 278 location of villages, v, 256 population, v, 498 relative condition, v1, 533 Creeks, Upper, condition after removal, vI, 533-534 population, v, 498 relations with the French, v, 278 Nichols] Cremation, among Clear Lake Indians, tu, 108, 112 among the Five Nations, 111, 193 among the Tacullies, 1, 102 ceremony described, Iv, 225-226 custom among Hindoos, v, 59 not practiced by Dacotahs, iv, 66 not practiced by Winnebago, tv, 55 on the Pacific coast, v, 29 practiced by California tribes, v, 217 practiced by Sacramento tribes, v1, 710 Cresap, Capt. Michael, account of life of, 111, 340 connection with Logan massacre, II, 56 exploring party commanded by, v1, 263-264 part taken by, in Indian war, Iv, 622, 624, 625, 628-629 Cresswicks, vi, 186 Cretin, Rev. Joseph, missionary work of, v, 699 Crime, Indian attitude toward, m1, 131, 193 Indian conception of, 11, 195 See also Infanticide; Murder; Theft; Punishment; Retaliation. Cristeneaux (Christinaux), country oc- cupied by, 1, 559 estimate of warriors, 111, 556, 559 totem, 111, 556 See also Cree Indians. Croatan, v1, 86 association with lost colony, v1, 94 explanation of name, vy, 577 location, v1, 92 reference to colony at, 1,126 Croghan, Col., 111, 279 ; 1v, 245 defeat of army of, v1, 375 Cromwell, Oliver, land granted by, v, 675 Crooks, Ramsay, catalogs of sales fur- nished by, vi, 726, 727, 728, 729, 730 Crookshanks, Dr. A., 1, 84 Cross, near Pisco, Peru, description of, v, 659 Cross Sound Indians, census of, v, 489 936706—54—__5 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 59 Crow Indians, 1, 219; vI, 686 698, 699 bands, 11, 630 Blackfeet named by, v, 686 called Minnetarees, m1, 514 census, VI, 556 classification, m1, 402 enemies of Blackfeet, v, 181 of Mandans, mI, 253 general condition, v1, 696 language, 111, 630 liquor not used by, vI, 696 location, mI, 514, 595, 6380; v, 494; vi, 556, 695, 705 map showing, m1, 96 origin, story of, 1m, 251 population, 1, 257, 523; m1, 595, 630, 631; v, 494; v1, 686, 695, 696, 705 relation to Wattasoons, 111, 251 resemblance to Shoshonee, 1, 217 Shoshoni expelled by, v, 198 skull, shape of, 1, 317 smallpox, effect of, 1, 257; v1, 486 escape from, III, 254 wars of, reference to, 1, 206 See also Absarokas; Upsarokas. Crow language, m1, 514 distinct nature of, I, 630 See also Upsaroka language. Crown Point, attempt to capture, VI, 220 English repulse at, vi, 226 Crowne, Sir William, land granted to, v, 675 Crow-wing River, Indian name for, H, 157 Crozat, M., m1, 355; vi, 185 Crozet, reference to grant to, I, 187 Crucibles, discovery of, 1v, 171; vi, 610 earthen, described, Iv, 161-162 supposed use by Indians, Iv, 164 Crystallization, in the north, 1, 171 Cube Hatcha, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Cuchans (Cushans), vy, 214 characteristics, 1, 116 facial painting of, o, 118 honesty, 0, 117 population, m, 115 Yuma division, 11, 115 See also Yuma. Cu-cu-pahs, Cucupas. See Cocopa. Culbertson, T. A., m1, 250 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 60 Cul Blane, m1, 360, 362 death of, m1, 363 Culiacan, Iv, 22, 28, 24, 32 Spanish expedition at, v1, 69 Culture, Indian, as observed by explor- ers, v, 107-109 at time of discovery, v, 88-90 See also Civilization. Culture heroes, absence, among the Da- eotah, m1, 232 Indian belief in, 1, 18 See also Gods. Cumanches. See Comanches. Cumberland Gap, Indian fortification at, Iv, 184-135 Cumberland River, ancient name of, VI, 32 brief description, 111, 343 productions of region, 111, 344 trade in region, 11, 344 Cumming, D. B., data by, on Cherokee missions, Iv, 588 Cummings, Mr., U. S. Agent, vocabu- laries by, 11, 470 Cum que kis, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 Cum sha was, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Cunshewa. See Cum sha was. Cuneiform writing of Persia, 1, 423 Cunningham’s Island, antiquities of, 1, 86-87 inscription on, 111, 85-87 Cupping, method used in, Iv, 516 operation of, Iv, 242 Curly Head, Chief, brief biography of, Iv, 554 Curry, Mr., charges made by, vi, 475 Curry, Thomas, fur trade of, v1, 269 Cusearawaoe. See Huokarawaocks. Cusco monuments, conclusions drawn from, Iv, 114 Cushans. See Cuchans. Cush-eh-tah Indians, history of, 1, 309 See also Koasati. Cushhooks (Clishhooks), location, III, 572 population, 11, 572, 609 Cushman, Rev. Mr., Indians praised by, I, 2b BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 | Cushna language, vocabulary, mu, 494— | 505, 506-508 Cushnas, location, vi, 710 population, v1, 710 Cushook. See Cushhooks. Cusic, David, cited on mounds, tv, 137 discussion of pamphlet by, 1, 125 historical sketches by, v, 631-646 reference to work of, v, 86 tradition recorded by, tv, 117 Cusic, Nicholas, Tuscaroras represented by, vi, 326 Cus se taw, a Lower Creek town, Iv, 578 chiefs of, Iv, 579 Cus se taw hajo, of Talladega Town, Iv, 576 Cus se taw mic co, a Cussetaw Town chief, Iv, 579 Cussitahs, a Lower Creek town, v, 262 Custaloga, Delawares represented by, vi, 261, 262 Customs. See Manners and Customs. See also Burial customs; Cere- monies; Dances; Feasts; Fishing customs; Hunting customs; Mar- riage customs; Menstrual cus- toms; Mourning customs; Nam- ing customs; Sacrifices; War eustoms, ete.; and also under tribal names. Cutifachiqui. See Cofatchequi. Cutler, Dr. Manasseh, Iv, 131 Cutssahnim (Cutsanim), location, 1m, 572 population, 111, 572, 609; v, 706 See also Yackima. Cutsanim. See Cutsahnim. Cutshamekin, a New England chief, v, 231 Cuttawas, a synonym of Catawbas (q. V.), wu, 292 Cutthewekasaw, treaty signed by, VI, 344 Cuvier, races classified by, Iv, 855 Cuzco, mention of temple at, v, 659 Cypriano, a Tuolumne chief, tv, 407 D Dablon, Claude, missionary work of, v, 184, 648 Dacota Indians, Dacotahs, Dacotas. See Dakota. Nichols] Dacota language(s). See Dakota lan- guage(s). Dacotah potato, description of, tv, 68 Indian name for, Iv, 68 Dade, Maj., ambuscade and death of, v1, 216, 468, 469 Daheotas. See Dakotas. Dahlonega, gold found at, m1, 41 Dahno-habe band, at Clear Lake coun- cil, m1, 109 meaning of name, m1, 110 Dakota Indians (Dacotas, Dacotahs, Dahcotas, Dakotahs), Iv, 686 average size, Iv, 349-350 bands or villages, 1, 168-169; vr, 350 beliefs, 1, 83; 11, 197-198 brain cavity, m1, 332 brief account of, 1, 37 census, I, 498-507 ceremony of, vi, 385 illustrated, v1, 385 Chippewa name for, m1, 515 classification, 1m, 402 country occupied by, 1, 137, 183, 247; 1m, 612; vi, 34 cranial capacity, v, 2443 vi, 574 cranial measurements, 11, 335 customs, 11, 168-199; m1, 2383-246; Iv, 59-72 De Soto in territory of, 1, 34-35; vi, 66 divisions, 1, 498; m1, 612 Dog Dance of, 11, 79-80 dwellings, m, 191-192 education among, v, 695-697 encampment, illustrated, m, 190 enemies of Blackfeet, v, 181 ethnic group, II, 3438 fabric made by, tv, 139 food, reference to, 1, 41 generic stock, 11, 33; vi, 34 geographical position, 1, 498 Giant feast and dance of, im, 487- 488; Iv, 64 gods of, discussed, 11, 224; 11, 485— 487 illustrated, 111, 485 history, 1, 247-248; 1, 168-199 hunting customs, m1, 185-186 known by moccasins, 111, 66 leading men, m1, 612 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “UY, S. INDIAN TRIBES” 61 Dakota Indians—Continued legend of, 1, 329-332 manners, 11, 168-199; 11, 233-246; Iv, 59-72 map of country, U1, 137 map showing location, 11, 28, 137; m1, 96 medical knowledge, tv, 492; v1, 631- 632 medical practices, 11, 179-182 medicine men, Iv, 641-651 migration tradition, 1, 247-248 missionary work among, v1, 738, 739 mythology, 11, 231-2383 ; v1, 648-657 name, meaning of, I, 248; m1, 170 numeral system, 1, 178; v, 244 of the Mississippi, described, 1, 247- 256 of the river, ruler of, v1, 386 Ojibwa opinion of, 1, 156 picture writing among, I, 338 population, 1, 498, 523; 11, 170; 11, 612, 614; vi, 275 pressure on, by Algonquins, 1, 259 religion and mythology, m1, 225- 233; VI, 648-657 sale of lands of, Iv, 485 Scalp dance, illustrated, m0, 63; v1, 65 sun worship among, vi, 629 superstitious observances of, Iv, 495-496 supreme deity of, 111, 511 synonymous with Sioux, 1, 168 term used for Siouan family, 1, 37, 168 three grand divisions, 1, 248 tribes composing, I, 37; vi, 34 union among, VI, 199 village of, illustrated, m, 192 war customs, 11, 57-58 war-shirt, illustrated, 111, 67 winter cap, illustrated, 111, 68 See also Aboinug; La Sue; Sioux; Soos. Dakota (Dacota, Dacotah, Dakotah) language(s), v, 696 deficiencies of, v, 696 geographical names in, with deriva. tion, Iv, 384 Lord’s Prayer in, v, 592 62 Dakota—Continued publications in, Iv, 546-551 similarity in dialects of, m1, 170 use of the term, II, 37 vocabulary (numerals), m, 206-208 Dakotahs. See Dakota Indians. Dalles Indians, location, v, 490; v1, 700 population, v, 490, 705, 706, 707 ; v1, 700 Dalton, Capt., fraud perpetrated by, v, 276 D’Allyon. See Vasquez D’Allyon. D’Alva, Ferdinand, 1, 21 Dalzell, Capt., at seige of Detroit, un, 241, 304, 305, 306; vi, 247 death of, vi, 247 defeated by Pontiac, v1, 287 Danaus, reference to collyzium of, Iv, 511 Dancers, Moqui, illustration showing, IV, 74 See also Costumes, Dances. Dances, Arrow, described, tv, 80 Beggar’s, illustrated, 11, 62 object of, 111, 62 costumes for, m1, 217, 487; Iv, 74, 77, 79, 88-84 Dog, of the Dakota, 1, 79-80 of Seneca and Shawnee, tv, 591 Fish, tv, 64 funeral, briefly described, 11, 286 Giant’s, described, 111, 487-488; rv, 64 illustrated, 11, 487, 488 Green Corn, 111, 89; vy, 685 Hawk-feast, v, 215 magical, of Ontonagons, 111, 488-491 illustrated, 111, 489 Medicine, m1, 286-288; tv, 63 illustrated, m1, 286 Moon, tv, 63-64 Moqui, at Christmas, rv, 74-75 of Creeks, Vv, 277 of Dakotahs, 11, 79-80; 111, 487-488 ; Iv, 63-64 of deprecation, described, v, 215 of honor, brief account of, 111, 217 of peace and plenty, v, 215 Peace, described, 111, 173 Pipe, Winnebago, 111, 286 puberty, description, v, 215 Rain, of Moqui, rv, 83-85 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull, 152 Dances—Continued religious, of California tribes, v, 214-215 Round, tv, 63 Scalp, described, 111, 285; 1v, 63 illustrated, v1, 65 Sun, rv, 63 to the moon, Iv, 63-64 Victory, Iv, 79-80; v, 215 war, described, 111, 187, 285; rv, 52, 62, 63 Dancing, among the Winnebago, m1, 284-286 manner of, 11, 286; 1v, 74 Danforth, Dr., inscription copied by, Iv, 119 Daniel and Brebeuf, deaths of, v, 647 mission established by, v, 647 Darke, Col., charge under command of, VI, 336 Dart, Anson, report by, on population, m1, 632 Dart, Dr., population estimated by, v, 707; vi, 700 Dartmouth College, founding of, v, 519 Dasamonqupeuec. See Dessamopeak. Davies, Col., death of, v1, 355 Davis, Col. 8. B., m1, 883 Davis, Dr., altar-mounds investigated by, 1, 73 Davis, Lt. Alonzo, m1, 376 Davis, E. H., reference to work of, 1, 47 Davis, Rev. Solomon, work of, Iv, 527- 528 Davy, Sir Humphrey, rv, 504 Dawson, Senator, of Georgia, Indian legislation discussed by, v, 466- 467 D’Allyon, Father Joseph de la Roche, Neuters visited by, tv, 205 D’Allyon, Vasquez, encounter of, with Chicora Indians, v1, 748 mention of failure of, v, 410 Dead, respect for, I, 354-355 ; m1, 70, 196; v, 92, 105; vi, 619 See also Death; Burials; Burial customs. Deagothee, Loochoo (Degothees), lan- guage, II, 542 : population, 11, 28 Dean, James, paper by, v1, 666-670 Dean’s Canal, Indians living on, v, 487 Nichols] Death, customs concerning, 11, 67-71 Indian attitude toward, Iv, 638; v, 81 See also Burial customs; Graves; Mourning customs. Death-song, paraphrase of, v1, 621 words, 1, 62 De Bruhl, Jesse, Iv, 160 De Bry, 1, 23 Debt, Indian attitude toward, m1, 195 De Chutes. See Des Chutes. Decimal system, use of, by Indians, v, 244 Decline of Indian tribes, causes of, vI, 561-575 Decoign, earthworks explained by, v, 116 Decoration, of Florida pottery, 111, 79- 81 of pottery, illustrated, 1, 80 See also Costumes ; Ornaments ; Or- namentation. De Corrie and Tshoop, rulers of the Winnebagoes, vi, 386 Deep Creek, peculiarity of, v, 202 Deer hunting, 1, 53-54 range, I, 4383 Deerfield, Mass., Indian attack on, vI, 159 Deforest and Abbot, mention of murder Ofaiie pels, Deformation. See Head deformation. Degothees. See Deagothee Loochoo. De Guzman, Nuno, search of, for Cibola, Iv, 22 De Harley, A., statistics furnished by, v, 700 De Hass, Dr. Wills, 1, 122; v, 34 Deiskau, Count de, vi, 287 battle led by, v1, 220 Deities, dual, belief in, v, 31, 69 of oriental nations, v, 406 See also Gods. Deity, belief in duality of, m1, 60 Choctaw name for, v, 72 Dacota name for, v, 72 Indian attitude toward, vy, 30 Indian conception of, iv, 635, 638; v, 393 Indian words for, m1, 511; rv, 526, 527, 530, 531, 540, 551 Iroquois name for, v, 72 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 63 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Deity—Continued the world declined in Chippewa language, v, 416 See also Monedo. Dejean, missionary, Iv, 538 Dekanefora, Chief, m1, 519; v, 523 De la Barre, Gov. Gen., Iv, 627; v, 671 De Laet, theory of, regarding Indians, Venous De Lancey, Lt. Gov., quotation from letter by, vi, 222 Delaware [State], population and area, Iv, 610 Delaware language, 0, 36 Algonquin dialect, 11, 341 richness and variety of, 11, 857-358 publications in, Iv, 540-541 vocabulary, 1, 470-481; ma, 424— 427 Delaware Loups, estimate of warriors of, m1, 555 Delaware mission, data on, Iv, 588 Delaware River, Indian name for, Vv, 593 Indians on, v1, 177 origin of name, v, 136 tribes of region of, v, 38 Delawares, Vv, 147; vi, 132, 133, 480, 687 affiliations, Iv, 621 Allegans overpowered by, v, 98 alliance with Iroquois, v, 136 also called Munsees, v, 41 and Munsees, brief account of, 111, 561 population, vI, 275 warriors, ITI, 561 and others, battle with, vi, 266 and Shawnees, population, v1, 708 annuities of, 11, 585, 586, 588, 589 appropriation for, 11, 564 at Braddock’s defeat, vi, 217, 218 at council with Sir William John- son, VI, 233 attack on, by Sioux, vI, 5438 attitude toward the colonies, v1, 242 census, I, 488—497 ; 111, 621-628 classification, 111, 401; v, 136 conquest by Iroquois, 11, 74 converts to Christianity, vi, 317- 318 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Delawares—Continued country occupied by, I, 488; 111, 559, 583, 585, 592; Iv, 461; v, 38, 122, 135, 140, 142, 495, 669; v1, 705 dialect of, reference to, 11, 96 dwelling grounds, vi, 714 expulsion from Chicomico, v1, 299 from Pennsylvania, vi, 236-237 forays on colonists, vi, 219 French name for, v, 1386 funds required for, 11, 568 general condition, Iv, 466 history, v, 135-142 home of, original, v, 495 hunting grounds, v1, 714 in Kentucky, 1, 300 included in Christian Indians, v, 506 intruders in Texas, 1, 240 investments for, 11, 563 lands, Iv, 572 ceded by, 11, 602, 608, 604; v1, 445 claimed by, U1, 583, 585 conveyed permanently to, V, 457 disposal of, v, 496 loss of, m1, 342-343 purchased from, 0, 593, 595, 598, 599, 600 loss of territory of, m1, 342-343 map showing location of, m1, 96; Iv, 180; vi, 519 massacre of, at Gnadenhutten, VI, 299, 317-318 migrations, Iv, 280; v, 122, 140; vi, 197, 316, 317 [Bull. 152 Delawares—Continued peace sought by, vi, 254, 259, 260, 261, 343 population, 1, 518, 523; m1, 424, 5388, 585, 592, 609, 610, 635; Iv, 572; v, 140, 142, 495, 708; v1, 271, 272, 687, 699, 705, 714 rank among tribes, 1, 268; v, 136 relation to Shawnees, vi, 278 removal, 111, 74; 1v, 460; v, 142, 495; VI, 516, 536 condition after, v1, 481, 542, 544 plans for, 1, 254, 259, 260, 261, 343 stand taken by, in Revolutionary War, vi, 277, 281, 298, 295, 299— 3801 standing among tribes, 1, 268; v, 136 statistics, fiscal, vi, 720, 721, 722, 723 on land of, 11, 605, 606 subjection of, to Iroquois, Iv, 616, 620-621 ; v, 137 synopsis of treaty with, v, 496 territory of, loss m1, 342-343 map showing location, 111, 96; Iv, 180; vi, 519 treaty made with, v, 499; v1, 303, 327, 330, 834 statement of, v, 497 tribes joining, on Kanzas River, v1, 504 warriors, number of, 111, 555, 559; Iv, 605; v1, 261, 271 war with, beginning, v1, 264 See also Lenape Indians. mission founded among, v, 503 missionary work among, VI, 734, 736, 737, 738, 739 De Leon, Ponce. See Leon, Ponce de mission church of, v, 698 De Levi, vi, 234 Moravian, massacre by Whites, v, | Del Monte Atlamaxaczingo, a Mexican De Legneris, commander at Fort Du- Quesne, vi, 227 139 settlement, 111, 542 Moravian, misconception regarding, | De Louvigney, Outagamies defeated by, vi, 316-317 vi, 194 name, for themselves, v1, 573 origin of, v, 136 other names for, v, 41 571-572 neutrality misunderstood, v, 138, Aztee version, VI, 638 139 Indian belief in, 1, 17; Iv, 230, 231; origin tradition, v, 683 v, 173; vi, 571 outrages by, mention of, v, 527 Indian traditions of, v, 31, 687 peace made by, V, 139 Iowa tradition of, t11, 263 Delre, Pierre, v1, 79 Deluge, the Algonquin tradition of, v1, ) | | | Nichols] Deluge—Continued Iroquois version, vi, 670 South American tradition of, v, 63 Demere, commander at Fort Loudon, VI, 241 Demon worship, noted by early writers, v, 107 Demonology, Iv, 489-497; v, 415-441 See also Witchcraft. Demons, beliefs concerning, Iv, 100; v, 76-17, 408 Dencke, C. F., translation by, Iv, 540 De Niger, Pit, 1v, 341 Denis, Jean, chart published by, v1, 48 De Niza, Marcos, explorations of, v1, 69 Dennison, Capt., at Kel River, 1, 132 Denonvillee, Gov., relations of, with Six Nations, v, 522-523 repelled by Iroquois, v1, 190 Deonoyers, information Carried by, 1, 254 De-o-se-0-wa, meaning of name, Iv, 563 Seneca name for Buffalo, N. Y., Iv, 563 De Pauw, opinion of, regarding Indian tribes, 11, 55 Depopulation, causes of, 1, 202; 11, 95, 172 See also under Population. Descent, among the Iroquois, Iv, 619 matrilineal, 1, 275; 111, 195; 1v, 481, 666; vI, 627 of chiefs, Iv, 666; v, 73, 273 of property, 1, 283 See also Heredity. Des Chutes (De Chutes), v1, 686 census, v, 493 location, v, 493 population, 1, 521; m1, 632; v, 706, 707; vi, 686, 700, 701 Des Chutes (Dachutes) River, investi- gations on, v, 101 valley of, described, 1, 221-222 Designs, in dental pictography, v1, 631 pottery, m1, 79-81 pottery, illustrated, 11, 80 See also Decoration. De Solis, reference to history of, v, 88 De Soto, Hernando (Ferdinand), 11, 32 army of, v1, 59 at Tampa Bay, illustration of, III, 35 attitude toward antiquities, v, 108 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 65 De Soto, Hernando—Continued cause of hostility to, m1, 26 Creek opposition to, v1, 369 death and burial of, 111, 49; v1, 67, 743 defeated by Indians, v, 410 difficulties encountered by, Iv, 309 discovery of the Mississippi by, v1, 743 earthworks attributed to, v1, 602 expedition of, 1, 134; 1, 21, 34-35; m1, 33-50; rv, 29-80; v, 646; v1, 58-68, 743 forces commanded by, 111, 34 hogs introduced by, v1, 616 mounds erroneously attributed to, hy, lay northern limit reached by, Iv, 132, 321 place of death, 111, 50 route of, discussed, m1, 50 map of, 111, 50 sun worship found by, v, 63 tour of region traversed by, Iv, 278- 324, with Pizarro in Peru, 111, 38-34 Dessamopeak Indians, colony attacked by, vi, 93 hostilities with, v1, 92 Detius, reference to works of, Iv, 510- 511 Detroit, attack on, by Outagamies, VI, 193 change of garrison at, v1, 344 fort at, described, 111, 334 founding of, vi, 183, 185, 197 in 1820, description of, v1, 882 reference to post at, v, 108 siege of, by Pontiac, v1, 243-245 surrender of, vi, 234, 859 See also Fort Detroit. Detroit Chippewas, census of, I, 458— 467 Detroit River, former application of the name, vI, 256 Indian name for, v, 594 Indians on, vi, 275 Detroit, Straits of, repossessed by the French, vi, 197 tribes on, v1, 33 Detsanayuka. See No-ko-nies. BUREAU 66 De Vaca, Caba, exaggerated tales of, | Dighton Rock inscription—Continued vi, 58-59 expeditions influenced by, v1, 69 wanderings of, mI, 33 See also Cabeca de Vaca (Caba de Vaca). Diahago, tribes living at, vi, 714 Dialects, of the Muskogees, 1, 268 Oneida, dual in, 1v, 117 Onondaga, dual in, Iv, 117 origin of, 11, 47 See also Languages. Dianderoga, church founded at, v, 513 Diarrhea, treatment for, Iv, 512 Diaz del Castillo, Bernal, reference to journal of, v, 88 reference to works of, v1, 577 Diaz, Melchior, exploration led by, Iv, 38 Dickenson, Dr., reference to work of, I, 47 Dictionary, English-Chippewa [through “A”’], v, 565-569 Dieguenos. See Diegunos. Diegunos, brief description of, m, 100 population, 11, 100 Spanish mission among, vy, 214, 216 vocabulary, 11, 103-104 Digger Indians, account of, v, 198-199 bands composing, v, 199 eondition, I, 206 country occupied by bands of, vy, 201 cremation practiced by, v1, 634 eastern boundary of, 1, 220 food, 1, 221 population, v, 498 synonym of Shoshonee, 1, 206 Dighton Rock, 1, 412; v, 85 ballista, representation, 1, 284 description, 1, 110-111 illustration of, 1, 114; 1v, 120 location, 1, 110 referred to, by Cotton Mather, 1, 285-286 sun symbols on, v, 64; v1, 629 symbols of sun-worship on, v, 30 two inscriptions on, 1, 111 See also Dighton Rock inscription. Dighton Rock inscription (Assonet inscription), 1, 108-120; rv, 119- 120; vi, 1138-114, 609 OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (Bull. 152 detail of, 1, 119 fallacy concerning, Iv, 117 possibly Chippewa, 1, 304 Dighton Rock League, v1, 166 Dillenbach, Martin, tv, 341 Dinwiddie, Gov., m1, 294; vi, 215 mission dispatched by, v1, 213 Dionderoga, meaning of name, 111, 328 Dionondades. See Tionontates. Discoidal stones, description of, 1, 83; Iv, 161, 163 illustration of, 1, 86; v1, 312, 313 use in games, I, 82-83 Diseases, and remedies, Creek, v, 270- Prat beliefs concerning, 1, 250; Iv, 491- 492, 507-508; vi, 634 inflicted as punishment, rv, 650 introduction, by Whites, m1, 202 traceable to civilization, tv, 503-504 treatment of, Dacota, 1, 250-255 | treatment of, in the Dark Ages, Iv, 508-511 See also Medical practices; Medi- cine men; Plants, medicinal; and under separate names of diseases. Disintegration, action of, exemplified in | Lake Superior, 1, 167 | Distaff. See Spindle. Distance, Indian ideas concerning, v1, 208 ) District of Columbia, population and ) area of, Iv, 610 Ditsakana. See Yamparacks. Divorce, among the Dacotah, ur, 240 among the Moquis, Iv, 87 | See also Marriage customs. Dixon, Col. Robert, m1, 279 Doaksville, description of village of, v1, 527 Doctor, Indian, concocting medicine, il- lustration showing, v, 446 ceremony of qualification for, vI, 633 Dakotah, influence and methods of, VI, 655-657 unsuccessful, attitude toward, vI, 622 See also Medicine man. Dodge, and others, census taken by, v, 668 ec — LLL Nichols] Dodge, Gov., m1, 281 Dodge, Gen. Henry, treaty concluded by, vI, 483 Dodge, John, Canadian posts described by, m1, 334 Dodge, Col. S., assistance rendered by, vi, 454 Dog dance, Dacota, described, 11, 79-80 illustrated, 1, 80 object of, 11, 80 of Senecas and Shawnees, Ivy, 591 Dog-ribs (Dog-ribbed tribes), an Atha- pasean tribe, m1, 542 beard, 11, 322 population, 0, 27 Dog Warrior, chief of the Natchez, v, 263 Dogs, as an offering at feasts, v, 439-440 eating of flesh of, 11, 187, 287 legend of origin, v, 193 sacrifice, Iv, 591; v, 56 by war-party, Iv, 52 See also White Dog sacrifice. Dolores Mission, date of founding, 0, 506 tribes of, m1, 506 Domaigaia, a captive Iroquois, v1, 54, 55 Domestic animals. See Animals. Domestic Mission Board Southern Bap- tist Convention, data on missions of, v1, 740 Doniphan (Donophan) Col. A. W., ex- pedition led by, 1, 246; m1, 297; Iv, 40, 209 Donnaconna, Chief, v, 76; v1, 200 meeting with the French, vI, 56 statement made by, 1, 134-135 D’Orbigny, M. Aleide [Alcide Dessa- lines], cited on head-flattening, i, 327 mention of researches of, 11, 328 Dorimus, Rev. J. E. C., acknowledg- ment to, 111, 376 Doty, Mr., population estimated by, v1, 698, 699 Dougherty, Mr., m1, 391 Dougherty, Rev. Peter, 111, 376, 384 vocabulary by, 11, 458 work of, tv, 533, 534 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U, §. INDIAN TRIBES” 67 Douglas, Capt., reference to work of, I, 148; vi, 390 Douglas, Gov., Iv, 602 Doyle, Winchester, land assigned to, Iv, 581 Drake, Dr., 1, 184 Drake, Sir Francis, m1, 22. colonists rescued by, v1, 86-87 colony relieved by, vi, 92 reference to voyage of, VI, 510 Draper, Lyman, Iv, 133 Drawings, Indian, showing operations of war-chief, Iv, 495 showing contest between two gods, Iv, 496 Dreams, belief in, 1, 144; v1, 660 influence of, vi, 664 means of inducing, v1, 664 reliance on, Iv, 52, 638 Drennan, John, vocabulary transmitted by, 1, 204 Dress. See Clothing. Dropsy, treatment for, Iv, 512 Druids, extermination of, v, 34 Drummond Island Band, census of, 1, 458-467 Drums, description of, Iv, 71 illustration of, 11, 514 Lapland, described, 1, 425-426 Moqui, description of, iv, 74 Drunkenness. See Intoxication. Dryads, Indian belief in, v1, 629-630 Duane, James, v, 663 Dubois, Barent, m1, 90 Dubuque, mention of mines of, vi, 384 Ducoign, Baptiste, earthworks ex- plained by, Iv, 185, 136 Kaskaskia chief, cited, vi, 600 Dudley, Col., m1, 279 defeat of troops under, vi, 362 Dudley, Indians at, I, 287 Duffield, Rev. George, coin described by, Iv, 149 Dukes, Joseph, translation by, tv, 545 Dunmore, Lord, tv, 622 campaign against the Indians, trv, 615 fraud aided by, v, 275 mention of treaty made by, vi, 328 mInilitary expedition of, v1, 263-266 Duperru, Mr., mention of, 11, 129 68 Duponceau, Peter S&%., ment to, 0, 357 reference to manuscripts of, I, 398 translations made by, U0, 341, 358 Dupuis of Maskinongé, member of ex- pedition, 11, 353 Durbin, report on missions signed by, v, 700 Durkee, Mr., owner of ferry, 111, 145, 147 Dusenbury, Moses, 1, 165 Dusty-nose, a name for the Iowas, II, 262 Dutch, the, Indian trade with, v1, 189 Dwamish (Dwa-mish) Indians, bands of, v, 703 location, v, 491, 703; v1, 703 population, v, 491, 703; vi, 703 See also Nee-wa-mish. Dwamish Lake, Indians on, v1, 703 Dwellings, bark, 11, 191-192 illustration of, 11, 192 Creek, v, 692-693 illustration of, v, 394 Dacota, described, 11, 191-192 illustrated, m, 190, 192 extremes of art in, v, 394 fixed, northern boundary of, Iv, 662 in Peru and Mexico, v, 89, 94-95 of caciques or chiefs, 0, 83-84 of California tribes, v, 216, 649 of Massachusetts Indians, 1, 284 of Navajo, Iv, 217; v, 204 of Onontagers, Iv, 340 of Sacramento Valley tribes, V1, 710 of southwestern Texas Indians, v, 682 of Toltecs and Aztecs, 1, 50-51 on mounds, 1, 838-84; Iv, 124-125, 134 Peruvian, construction of, v, 95 Pueblo, described, 1v, 76, 82 stone, in New Mexico, Il, 26 work of women, I, 46 See also WHarth lodge; Wigwams. Dwight, Presbyterian station at, Iv, 589 Dyer, Col., at battle at Talladega, v1, 367 Dyes, making of, Iv, 69 acknowledg- Lodge; BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Dyosyowan. See De-o-se-0-wa. Dysentery, treatment for, Iv, 512 Dyspepsia, among Indians, tv, 512 E Eagle, the brig, wreck of, Iv, 601, 602 BHagle feathers. See Feathers, eagle. Hakin(s), D. W., 11, 404 assistance rendered by, I, 265 Har ornaments, illustrations of, 111, 69 Ear piercing, ceremony of, 111, 239 Harth, the, beliefs concerning, 111, 276; Iv, 236; v, 419-420 Earthenware. See Pottery. Earth lodge, construction of, v1, 710 Earthquake, at Three Wells, 11, 109 experienced by Iowas, 111, 264 Earthworks, approximate period of, Iv, 174 at Lake Vieux Desert, 1, 91 built by the Creeks, v, 100 Cunningham’s Island, described, 1, 87 Indian traditions concerning, Iv, 1385 in valley of the Yakama [Yakima], v, 665 lack of, in Pacific Coast States, v, 101, 663 length, Iv, 134 migrations traced by, v, 100 Mississippi, Indian explanation of, v, 116 of Little Miami valley, explained, in yu PAC of Mississippi tribes described, v, 100 on Wolf River, 111, 274 on Yakama [Yakima] River, v1, 612-613 opinion regarding, of early expior- ers, v, 108 reputed, on the Des Chutes, v, 663-— 664 symbolism in, Iv, 664 Teton, map of, v, 100 theory concerning builders of, v1, 601, 602 unexplained by the Iowas, 111, 264 used in Indian warfare, v, 98 varied purposes of, Iv, 126 See also Causeways; Fortifications ; Mounds. Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S Eas tee char co chop ho, a Cussetaw Town chief, rv, 579 Eastman, Capt. S., 1, 122, 185; v, 666, 667 drawings made by, Iv, 152 engraving by, Iv, 121 inscription copied by, Iv, 173 maps and sketches by, 11, 86 paper by, Iv, 495-496 pictographs preserved by, tv, 492 sketch prepared by, 111, 70 Easton, Peter, extract from diary of, Iv, 154 Hating habits, Creek, v, 274 Eaton, J. H., tribes described by, Iv, 216 Eaton, Lt. Col., remarks on the Apache, v, 203 Haton, Maj., Navajo population esti- mated by, v, 484 Eaton, Secretary of War, views of, quoted, v1, 427 Eecanachaca town, attack on, vi, 368 Echeloot (Eskeloot), location, 111, 570 population, m1, 570, 609; v, 706 See also Nishrams; Tilhualwits. Hehota, missionary work at, v1, 740 Echuse-is-li-gau, meaning of name, Iv, 380 “Felipse,” vessel chartered by Humboldt Bay settlers, 111, 131 Eclipses, Indian beliefs concerning, 1, 271 ; Iv, 239; v, 216, 254 Ecumchate, derivation of name, Iv, 380 Ecunhutlee, derivation of name, Iv, 380 Edchautawoot (Edshawtawoots), an Athapasean tribe, m1, 542 population, 1, 27 Education, and Christianity, statistics on, vi, 731-741 discussion of annuities for, v1, 5389— 540 examples of improvement through, VI, 566 of Indian children, m1, 50, 51; 1Vv, 462 of Indians, m1, 472-475 ; 1v, 475-479 in Oregon, tI, 222 mistake made in, v1, 5538-554 plans for, 11, 526-537 problem connected, with, v1, 443 statistics on, v, 502 Edwards, Amory, tv, 490 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 69 Edwards, Gov., of Illinois, march against Peoria, v1, 360 Edwards, Jonathan, vi, 504 accredited to Mahicans, vy, 506 Lord’s Prayer translated by, v, 591 missionary work of, v, 503; v1, 734, 736 reference to teachings of, v1, 321 H-eh, a Scott’s Valley band, 11, 171 Eel River, Indian name for, 11, 127 Eel River Indians, v1, 687 annuities of, m, 586, 589 armistice granted to, v1, 364 land claimed by, mm, 584 purchased from, 11, 593, 599 location, 111, 584 Miami band, m1, 591 plans for removal, mI, 576, 577 population, m1, 584 See also Hel River Miamies. Kel River Miamies, funds required for, II, 569 lands ceded by, m1, 603 purchased from, 11, 599 statistics on, 1, 605 See also Hel River Indians. Hel River region, described, 111, 128 population, vr, 711 Henahs (Kenaghs), location, 111, 139 Kes tey toch, a tribe of Milbank Sound, v, 487 census, v, 487 E far e marth lar, a Cussetaw Town chief, Iv, 579 Ei far tus ke ne haw, a Coweta Town chief, 1v, 579 Egg of Ormusd, I, 35 represented by Serpent Mound, 1, 32 symbolized in earthworks, tv, 664 Egypt, date of exodus from, v, 88 Egyptians, copper tools used by, 1, 98 hieroglyphic system of, 1, 422 Khihalis, population, v, 490 position, v, 490 See also Chehalis. Eh-nek, a Quoratem band, m1, 151 Eh-nek language, extent of use, 111, 422 vocabulary, 111, 440-445 Eh-qua-nek, a Quoratem band, 111, 151 HE kun duts ke, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Elder bark, medicinal use of, 1v, 242 70 Elder Brother, The, a Pillager chief, v, 189 Eld’s inlet, Indians of, v1, 703 population, v, 491 Elements, worship of, v, 407 Eliot, John, vi, 174 at Pawtucket, v, 2382-233 effect of preaching of, v1, 115 Lord’s Prayer translated by, v, 591 missionary labors, I, 286; v, 225, 508; vi, 107, 516, 734, 736 opposition to, Iv, 640; vi, 321, 647 “Praying Indians” established by, v, 225 work on Indian languages, I, 287; II, 355; Iv, 530, 547; v1, 106, 107 Elizabeth(s) Island, discovery, v1, 96 naming, vi, 108-104 Elizabeth River, tribe on, v1, 90 Elk, range of, 1, 483 Elk Lake, supposed origin of the Mis- sissippi, 1, 143 Elk Mountains, tribe living on, v, 199 Elk River, Indian name for, 11, 131 Indians of, yi, 702 Elkhorn River, tribe on, vi, 546 BUREAU Elksatowa, Elksotawa, Elksottawa, Elksquatowa. See Elkswatawa. Elkswatawa (Hiksatowa, Elksotawa, Elksottawa, Elksquatowa, Hlls- kattawa, Elskatawa), 1, 412; v, 141 brother of Tecumseh, vI, 354 description, v1, 424 doctrine of, v, 151 influence, vi, 258, 259, 353-3854, 358, 874 policies advocated by, vi, 354 Shawnee migration led by, vi, 424 speech made by, Iv, 259-262 speech on Shawnee migration, VI, 424-495 Winnebagoes influenced by, Int, 279 Elliot, Rev. Adam, vocabularies by, 0, 482 Ellis, A. G., census report by, v1, 691 Ellis, Thomas, inscription interpreted by, rv, 492 Eliksattawa. See Elkswatawa. Elmira, N. Y., former name of, vi, 309 Indian councils on site of, v, 667, 670 Indian name of, v, 669 OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 El Moro. See Inscription Rock (New Mexico). El Paso Pueblo, v1, 687 population, VI, 687 Elskatawa. See Eikswatawa. El Turco (The Turk), death of, tv, 31 Spaniards misled by, tv, 27-31, 36, 37, 40 E mar he, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 E marth lar har jo, a Coweta Town chief, rv, 579 E marth lar yoholo, of Che haw Town, Iv, 576 Emathla, Chief Charles, v1, 469 Embalming, by Oregon Indians, v, 693 discussion by Swan, vi, 622-623 methods, Indian, need for study of, Iv, 663 Emerson, Judge, tv, 630 Emigrants, attacks on, described, 11, 134 attack on, illustrated, 1, 133 difficulties faced by, Iv, 618 Emigration, of tribes, route of, 111, 477, 610 of Whites, to the west, v1, 380 Emmet, T. A., Iv, 504 Emmons, George Falconer, report of, on Oregon and California Indians, 11, 200 Emmons, Lt., reference to journey of, v, 101 Emory (Maj., Lt. Col., Col.), W. H., 0, 99 pottery obtained by, 111, 83-84 vocabulary transmitted by, 11, 404, 460 Emucfau, battle of, v1, 371-372, 379 H-nagh-magh language, Pueblos speak- ing, v, 689 Endurance, of Indians, discussion of, Iv, 349 trials of, v, 59-60 HEneeshur. See Eneshur. E ne har e marth lar, chief at Hitch e tee, Iv, 580 E ne har tuske he ne haw, chief at Tolo- war thlocko, rv, 580 E ne har tus tun nuck ee, chief at Eu fau la, Iv, 580 Eneshur (Eneshure), location, m1, 570 population, 111, 570, 609; v, 706 Enetus, chief at Chetlessentan, v1, 702 England. See British Government. Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 71 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” England, Rev. J., human sacrifice wit- | Eries—Continued nessed by, v, 59 English, Indian relations with, v, 278; vi, 85-86, 89-93 English language, value of, in civilizing Indians, 111, 474-475 Enotochopco, a Hillabee village, vI, 337A battle of, v1, 371-872 Ensenore, Chief, friend of the English, vi, 91 Ensign, Indian, of feathers, described, m1, 69 illustrated, 111, 62, 68 Environment, customs affected by, Vv, 80 influence of, 11, 47 of Indian tribes, 1, 183-188 Eokoros, doubt concerning existence of, I, 187 See also Arikara. Epidemics, on lower Columbia, 1, 223 See also Smallpox. Episcopal Church, work among Indians. See Protestant Episcopal Church. Equichonnonton, location, Iv, 204 Erasmus, theory regarding Indians, Vv, 51 Bric the Red, tv, 119 Erickson, Lief, discoveries made by, VI, 742 Erie, derivation of name, IV, 382 Erie inscription, 11, 85-87 illustration of, m1, 84 Erielhonons or Chats, Iv, 207 See also Hries. Eries, vi, 35, 687 account of, 11, 85-86; 111, 86 at Siege of Detroit, u, 301 attitude of French toward, 11, 289 called Cat Nation, vi, 148 Catawbas identified as remnant of, 1, 405 classification, 11, 3438-344; v, 35-36 conquered by Senecas, tv, 606 disappearance, vi, 149 driven off by Iroquois, 11, 196, 199 early position, v, 122 extermination, Iv, 197, 198, 199, 202, 208; v, 647 flight of remnant, Iv, 203 forts built by, v, 109 government, Iv, 198 history, observations on, UI, 288— 292 sketch of, Iv, 197-203 identified as Catawbas, 11, 405; vI, 149 as Neutral Nation, Iv, 198, 203 identity, discussion of, Iv, 197, 382 language, Iv, 198 migration traced by Lewis Evans, v, 37 name, comments on, 111, 405; Iv, 382 neutrality, 11, 344; rv, 198 opinion concerning retirement, I, 406 population. Iv, 198 territory occupied by, m1, 291-292; Iv, 197-198 war against. by Senecas, v1, 148 by Wyandots and Iroquois, Iv, 198 war with, reference to, v1, 219 wars of, account of, Iv, 200-2038 with Iroquois, 11, 289-290; v, 137 See also Cat tribe; Erigas. Erigas, classification, v, 37 Jefferson’s name for the Eries, v, 35 temporary stay in Ohio Valley, v, 41 war waged on, by Five Nations, Iv, 382 See also Hries. Ermitinger, Capt. Charles, Indian wife of, 11, 161 Erskines, location, v1, 710 population, v1, 710 Escalante, Juan Bautista de, ruins ex- amined by, m1, 301-302 Eshkibogikozhi, a Pillager chief, v, 189 Eshquagonabee’s Band, census of, I, 458-467 Eskeloot. See Echeloot. Eskimaux. See Eskimos. Eskimos (Eskimaux, Esquimaux), III, 558 as occupants of Vinland, v1, 742 boots of, described, 111, 66 illustrated, 111, 65 brief account of, 11, 28 color of hair, 11, 322 72 Eskimos—Continued country inhabited by, rv, 559 distinct from other tribes, v, 290 linguistic family, m1, 401 map showing location, 11, 28 migration route, 1, 28 physical characteristics, v, 291 warred on by Athapascas, v, 176 Hskini. See Erskines. Esopus, derivation of name, II, 75 Esopus Indians, tv, 554 Esopus Landing, illustration of, 111, 75 inscription at, m1, 74 Esquimaux. See Eskimos. Hssanapes, doubt concerning existence Of AST Estedillo, Don José Antonio, 11, 101 Estevan, travels and death OL IVa 203) Vie 69 Esther, Queen. See Queen Esther. Estimates, Indian Office, explanation of, TI, 559-560, 578-580 of funds required, 11, 565-580 Estufa, illustration showing, Iv, 87 use of, Iv, 76, 87 EKtchareottine. See Edchautawoot. Etchemins (Etchemons), classification of, 111, 401 Milicite name for themselves, v, 674. reference to language of, 111, 512 See also Amalecites; Malecite. Htcheridiegottine. See Tsillawadoot. Etchowee, Cherokee town, vi, 241 Eternity, Indian conception of, Iv, 664 Kthiopian race, branches of, Iv, 8356-357 Civilization, Iv, 357 heads described, tv, 356 See also Negro. Hthnographical map of Indian tribes of 1600, 11, 28 Ethnology, North American, discussion of study of, 1v, 659-661, 662-667 preliminary remarks on, tv, 655-659 sciences embraced in, 1v, 659 Ethrington, Maj., reference to, vi, 257 Etymology, comparative, fallacious de- ductions of, v1, 391 Htiquette of the Indians, rv, 342-345 Euchee (Eu chee), a Lower Creek town, Iv, 578, 580; v, 262 Euchee language, a Muskogee dialect, I, 268 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Huchees, v, 256 cranial measurements, 11, 335 See also Uchees. Eu fau la, a Lower Creek town, Iv, 578, 580 See also Ufala. Eufollahs, Maj. Dade ambuscaded by, v1, 469 Euphorbia corollate, medicinal use of, i 20 Kuquachee, census of, v, 493 Kuquatops, v1, 687 and Muscaleros, population, v1, 708 population, 1, 518; v1, 687 See also Mescaleors. Hutahs of New Mexico, population, v 498 See also Utahs. Kutaws, Iv, 88 See also Utahs. Evans, Rev. James, translations by, Iv, 535, 536 Evans, W. W., Peruvian burials investi- gated by, v, 657-658 Everett, Hon. Horace, report, on Indian Affairs, vi, 456 Ewbank, Thomas, vi, 610 cited on Indian art, rv, 188 paper by, Iv, 488-456 Ewinte, a Utah division, v1, 697 population of, v1, 697 See also Uintea. Exchange, medium of, 1, 84-85 See also Trade. Executions, among the Creeks, 1, 276 Ex e ni nuth, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 Exeter, former Indian name of, v, 228 Expedition, M’Kee’s, through north- western California, 11, 99-177 Expedition, Schooleraft’s, to sources of the Mississippi, v1, 384-385, 448, 450, 451-452 HXxpedition, trading, account, by Per- rault, 11, 353-369 Explorations, French, in America, I, 134-137 Pre-Columbian, 1, 106-129 Scandinavian, v1, 608 Spanish, 1, 133-134; nm, 33-35 See also Explorers. Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 73 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Explorers, attitude of, toward Indian Falsehood, Indian attitude toward, 0, antiquities, v, 109 early, dates of, 1, 57-58 See also under names of, as Colum- bus, De Soto, ete. Eyank-ton-wah, a division of the Sioux nation, 11, 169 See also Yanktonai. Eyeish. See Aiches; Aliche. Byes, effect of head flattening on, U, 325, 326 of American Indians, 1, 323 of the Mandans, 11, 821 F Facial angle, Indian, compared with European, Iv, 351 of American tribes, 11, 317, 331 of human race, variations in, Iv, 360 See also Cranial measurements. Facial painting, Apache, v, 211 Cuchans, 1, 118 dancers’, Iv, 79 warriors’, Iv, 53, 63 Factory system, abolition of, v1, 402 Fair, Dr. Samuel, rv, 160 Fairbanks, Mr., vocabulary by, 11, 216 Fairfield, Presbyterian station at, Iv, 589 Fairies, belief in, v, 408; v1, 662 Falbe, C. T., 11, 76 Fall Indians, country occupied by, II, 251 distinct from Sitkeas, m1, 252 identified as Minnetarees, m1, 251 mentioned as Atsinas, 1, 437 population, m1, 251-252 Fall River, Indians of, 1, 287 Fall River skeletons, 111, 88 discussions of, 1, 127-129 Falls of Montreal River, illustration of, Iv, 187 Falls of St. Anthony, illustration show- ing, vi, 384 Siouan name for, vI, 391 Falls of the Ohio, description of, 11, 342 Fallsmen, a synonym of Saulteurs, v, 144 False Dungeness, Indians of, v1, 703 population, v, 491 196 Family, Indian, average size of, 11, 95, 211, 288; vi, 562 discussion of, 11, 48-49 preservation of identity of, 1m, 242 size affected by hardships, Iv, 350 Family life, description, 11, 63-65; TI, 63-64, 235-237 of the Kenistenos, v, 166 unhappiness in, m1, 480 See also Children; Labor; Mar- riage customs; Polygamy. Famine, attitude toward, U, 64, T7 Farmer’s Brother, Iv, 345, 563 at Canandaigua council, vI, 326 present at conference, v, 667 Fiiroe Islands, explorers’ visits to, VI, 742 Fasting, among the Dacotahs, UI, 227 legend concerning, 11, 229 object of, I, 113; v, 196 puberty custom, v, 196; v1, 633 religious ceremony of, vi, 660 Feasts, at puberty dance, v, 215 celebrated by Osage, Iv, 274-275 conduct at, 11, 75 customs connected with, 11, 227; v, 168-171 eating contest at, III, 22 for juveniles, 1, 76 Giant, 1m, 487-488; Iv, 64 Troquois, 111, 187 of dog’s flesh, m1, 187, 287 of Mondamin, illustrated, v1, 385 of the New Corn, 11, 227 rabbit, ceremonial, Iv, 78 to open hunting season, UI, 61 Winnebago initiation, 01, 287 Feathers, eagle, ensign of, described, 111, 69 ensign of, illustrated, 11, 62, 68 headdresses of, illustrated, 1, 68 significance, IV, 53 symbolism, U1, 57-58 illustrated, vi, 568 value, II, 57 won in conflicts, 1, 159 worn as war honors, 1, 178-179 worn only by warriors, Iv, 58 Featherstonhaugh, criticism of, 1, 99 Featherwork of California Indians, v, 649-650 74 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Fecundity, affected by hardships, Iv, 350 | Firearms, effect of introduction, 1, 280; Feliz, Fernando, ranch of, 11, 105 Ferguson, Maj., death of, v1, 3386 Feuds, cause of, between clans, 11, 171 effect of, 11, 172 Fevers, treatment for, 1v, 511 Ficklin, Joseph, letter by, 1, 300-301 Field, D. D., patriotic efforts of, v, 595 Fighting men. See Warriors. Figurines from Tennessee caves or mounds, Iv, 140 Financial statements of Indian Office, 1, 561-564 Finley, James, fur trade of, v1, 269 Fire, as a symbol of deity, 1, 30-81 ceremonies, v, 65-66 making, I, 214; 1, 138; 111, 228, 465- 466 illustrated, 111, 228 new, kindled for feasts, 1m, 228 newly made for ceremony, v, 66 on newly made graves, v, 64 sacred character of, v, 64-65 use in shaping wood, 1, 75-76 used in mining, I, 97, 99 See also Fire, perpetual; sacred; Fire worship. Fire, perpetual, edifice devoted to, v, 68 of Natchez, v1, 5938, 627 of “‘Pecas,” mentioned, Iv, 40 symbolism discussed, 11, 188; v, 67— 68 tradition on Lake Superior, v, 68-69 Wire, sacred, an evidence of sun wor- ship, v, 63-64 belief concerning, Iv, 86 lighting, 1, 31 of the Pueblos, Iv, 76 procurement, v, 65 Hire Indians (Fire Nation), a name for the Mascoutins, Iv, 206, 244; v, 191 See also Little Prairie Indians. Hire Nation. Sée Fire Indians. Fire worship, found among the Natchez, vI, 197 general discussion of, v, 638-68 Indian origin indicated by, v, 67 of oriental nations, v, 406 wide extent of, v, 104 See also Fire, perpetual; sacred. Fire, Fire, v, 123 first use by aborigines, 11, 73-74 Fire hunting, described, m1, 53-54 Fire-makers, a name for the Pottawat- tomies, v, 145 Fish, curing of, m1, 219; 1v, 57, 68 of the Minnesota lakes, I, 187 spearing, 0, 51, 53 illustrated, 11, 53 See also Fishing. Fish, Rev. P., 1v, 585 Fish Carrier, Chief, 667 land granted to, vi, 324 Fish dam, construction of, m1, 146 Fish dance, Iv, 64 Fisher, Sergeant, killed by Indians, 1, 253-254 Fishhooks, described, 111, 468 illustrated, 11, 86; 111, 468 use, II, 53 Fishing, advantages of New England tribes in, v, 228-224 charm used in, vI, 635 methods used in, 1, 51-53; m1, 214; Iv, 61 Fishing customs, Chippewyan, v, 175, 177 illustration showing, v1, 507 See also Fishing. Fishing places, of the Pennacooks, v, 223, 224, 225 Fish-nets, Shoshonee, described, 1, 213- 214 Fish-Pond Town, a Creek town, Iv, 576, 578 chief of, tv, 576 Fish spear, Shoshonee, described, 1, 213 illustrated, 1, 211 Fitch, Rev. Mr., missionary work of, vI, 734 Fitzpatrick, Thomas, 1, 259 extracts from letters of, 1, 260 Plains tribes described by, 1, 259- 264 Five Nations, 1, 197 additions to, m1, 198-199 attack on Montreal, m1, 519 called Massawamack, v, 36 called the Long House, v, 645 character, ri, 186 customs, I, 335 at conference, v, Nichols] Five Nations—Continued divisions and subdivisions, m1, 184 early enmity among, v, 107, 110 government, mI, 184-185 joined by the Tuscaroras, 11, 186; vI, 186 legend of league of, v, 157-163 legend of origin, v, 636-646 location, 11, 36 tribes composing, mI, 184, 401, 590 See also Six Nations. Flags, placed at graves, Iv, 55 Flatbows, and Cootenays, population of, v1, 700 classification, m1, 402 location, 1, 4387 See also Cootenays. Flatheads, vi, 687, 695 census, vI, 556 classification, m1, 402 embalming practiced by, v, 693 enemies of Blackfeet, v, 181 hunting ground, vi, 698 illustrations of skull of, u, 332, 334 location, v1, 556 map showing, 111, 96, 200 marriage customs, v, 654 missionary work among, VI, 734, 735, 739 nature of lands, v, 656 physical characteristics, v, 656 population, v, 705, 706, 707; v1, 687, 695, 700, 701 trader’s name for Choctaw, 1, 324 See also Salish. Flat-Mouth, Chief, 1, 98; v, 426, 427 peace made by, v, 187 Pillager chief, 11, 159; v, 189 war-party led by, v, 186 See also Aishkibugikozh. Flat River Band, census of, 1, 478-487 Flattery Indians, location, rv, 598 population, Iv, 598 Fleming, Col., death of, vI, 266 Fleming, Rev. John, statement of re- garding tribes, vi, 517 translation by, Iv, 546 Fleshing tools, described, 1, 91-92 illustrated, 1, 77; 11, 467; vi, 603 936706—54——6 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 75 Fletcher, Jonathan C., acknowledgment to, 111, 375 Indian census transmitted by, m1, DoD, report by, 11, 284-288; v1, 691, 704 vocabulary transmitted by, 11, 214 Winnebago agent, 111, 283 Winnebagoes described by, Iv, 51— 59, 227-243 Flint River, brief description of, v, 256 Flint stones, story of origin of, 1, 317 Flood. See Deluge. Flores Creek, Indians of, v1, 702 Florida, accessible to Mexican tribes, v, 95 advantages found in, by Indians, vi, 472 De Soto’s expedition to, v1, 58-64 explorations in, 11, 20-21; v1, 38 extent of country called, vi, 40 Indian lands in, 11, 584, 586; v, 480 Indian population of, 1, 522, 533 ; 111, 584, 586; v, 480, 481 mounds of, discussed, m1, 77—78 population and area of, Iv, 610 pottery from coast of, m1, 77-82 tribes, 1, 522 Florida Indians, annuities paid to, VI, 723 funds required for, 11, 568 lands, ceded by, 11, 603 purchased from, 11, 599 statistics on, 11, 497 plan regarding colonization, v1, 411- 412 physical and mental character, II, 32 removal, vi, 497 Floridians, application of the term, VI, 47 Floyd, Brig. Gen. John, battle of, with Creeks, v1, 867 Creeks defeated by, vi, 362 Flute or pipe, described, 11, 514; 1v, 71 illustrated, m1, 514 Fluviatile drift, action of, 1, 166 Yolle Avoines (Folsavoins), 111, 556 country occupied by, m1, 559 name for the Menomonees, v1, 271, 687 76 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 1 Bull. 152 Folle Avoines (Folsavoins)—Continued | Fooskahatche, derivation of name, 1v, population, vi, 271 totems, 111, 556 watriors, estimates of, 11, 556, 559 See also Menominee. Follett, F., 1, 92 Folsavoins. See Folle Avoines. Folsom, Col. David, salt works of, v1, 526 Folsom, George, petition signed by, 111, 618 Fonda, death of, vi, 313 Fond du Lac, treaty made at, vi, 422 Font, Fr. Pedro, extract from diary of, Int, 299-301 Food, buried with the dead, v, 93 customs concerning, 11, 64, 132 horses used for, 11, 133 of Atlantic coast tribes, v, 80 of Bonacks, v, 216 of California Indians, v, 80, 649; vi, 710 of Chippewa, v, 150 of Chippewyans, v, 175 of Congarees, Iv, 157 of Creeks, v, 274 of Dacotahs, Iv, 67-68 of Digger Indians, 1, 221 ; v, 199 of hunter tribes, v1, 553 of Massachusetts Indians, 1, 284— 285 of Navajo, Iv, 212, 214 of Oregon tribes, v, 80, 656 of prairie tribes, v, 80 of Rocky Mountain tribe, v, 80 of Root-Diggers, Iv, 222 of Shoshonee, 1, 211, 217 of Snake Indians, 1, 221 of Wee-yots, m1, 127-128 offered to the dead, 1, 38-89, 83-84; v, 79-80 Oregon and California tribes, 111, 218-219 overindulgence in, m1, 226 physical development affected by, v, 656 preparation, by Winnebagoes, Iv, 57 quest for, 11, 75-77 taboos concerning, v, 215 wild olive used for, 111, 114 See also Agriculture; Cooking; Corn; Famine; Feasts; Fish; Game; Hunting, etc. 380 Forbes, Gen., Fort Duquesne taken by, VI, 226-227 Force, Peter, iv, 127 acknowledgment to, m1, 74 Foreman, Rey. Stephen, assistance rendered by, 11, 443 report by, Iv, 589 Forrey, Dr. Samuel, article by, on ra- cial characteristics, Iv, 354 brief biography of, Iv, 353 reference to views of, v, 288 Fort Alabama, assault on, by De Soto, VI, 62 Fort Anne, v1, 208 Fort Bourbon, v1, 269 Fort Brady, location, v1, 397 Fort Brooke, ambuscade of troops from, vi, 469 Fort Cadarackui, v, 522 Fort Caroline, erection of, vi, 75 taken by Spaniards, vi, 77 Fort Cataraqui, vr, 198 Fort Charles, erection of, v1, 73 Fort Chartres, vi, 237 minilitary and civil capital of Illi- nois, Iv, 266 Pontiac’s visit to, u, 307 trading station at, v1, 269 Fort Crevecoeur, early French post, vy, 192 Fort Cumberland, vz, 208 Fort Dayton, v1, 290 Fort Dearborn in 1820, showing, Iv, 193 Fort Defiance, erection of, v1, 340 establishment, Iv, 210 illustration of, Iv, 210 influence, among Navajoes, Iv, 215 Fort Detroit, v1, 256 aid sent to, vi, 250-251 brief account of siege of, 11, 241 details of siege, by Pontiac, nm, 242— 308 tribes dwelling near, v1, 714 See also Detroit. Fort Duquesne, a resort for Indians, v1, 215 establishment, v, 109; v1, 197, 214 reduction, vi, 226—227 tribes in vicinity of, v1, 132 Fort Edward, vi, 208, 220 illustration Nichols] Fort Erie, m1, 334 Fort Frontenac, 11, 334 capture by Bradstreet, vi, 226 Fort Gibson, v1, 502 Fort Granby, Iv, 162 Fort Hall, 1, 205, 209, 211 date of, 1, 206 Indians in region of, v, 198 erection of, on Snake River, 1, 203 Fort Hamilton, erection of, v1, 386 Fort Harmer, council held at, vi, 323 erection of, vi, 597 treaty concluded at, vi, 330 Fort Harrison, investment of, v1, 359 Fort Hill (New York), description of, Iv, 173-174; v, 666-667 illustration of, 1v, 174 Fort Hill (Ohio), earthworks on, de- scribed, v, 661-662 Fort Jackson, treaty signed at, v1, 380 Fort Jefferson, building of, v1, 336 Fort Kienuka, v1, 182 Fort King, vi, 469, 470 Fort Laramie, annuities to treaty sign- ers at, VI, 723 Fort La Tour, brief account of, v, 674— 675 Fort Laurens, v1, 302 erection of, v1, 301, 302, 304 siege by Indians, vI, 304-305 Fort Le Nou, location of, v1, 198 Fort London (Loudon), erection of, v1, 208 Fort Loudon, surrender of, to Indians, vi, 241, 287 Fort M’Intosh, erection of, v1, 301, 302 origin of, v, 140 treaty concluded at, v1, 327, 330 Fort Mackinae (Mackanack), ruins of, illustrated, 1, 242; v1, 243 taken by Indians, 1, 148 See also Fort Michilimackinac. Fort M’Laughlin, tribes frequenting, v, 487, 488 Fort Madaline, vi, 198 Fort Madison, siege of, by Indians, V1, 359 Fort Malden, rendezvous at, vi, 358 Fort Mandan, establishment of, 111, 249 Fort Matheo, capture by the French, v1, 80 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 77 Fort Maumee, change of garrison at, VI, 344 hostilities ended by victory of, v1, 342, 344 reference to taking of, Iv, 614 Wayne’s arrival at, v1, 341 Fort Meigs, vI, 362, 363 Fort Michilimackinac, attack on, by In- dians, vi, 243 English defeated by Saulteurs at, 11, 284 Lake Huron protected by, v1, 198 massacre at, 11, 241 remains of, v, 110 reoccupation of, v1, 256 See also Fort Mackinac. Fort Mimms, capture of, by Indians, VI, 365-366 liberation of captives taken at, VI, 374 Fort Necessity, surrender of Washing- ton at, vi, 215 Fort Niagara, vi, 198 British Indian Department at, VI, 297 change of garrison, v1, 344 date of building, v, 648 description, 1, 334 founding, v1, 196 Indian activities at, v1, 251, 278, 283, 297 remains, v, 110 surrender, vi, 234 Fort Ninety-Six, vi, 238 Indian attack on, VI, 239 Fort Oswego, v1, 198 ancient name of, vi, 197 founding, vi, 196-197 Fort Pitt, Indian hostilities at, v1, 249- 250 invested by Indians, v1, 242 locality, described, I11, 339 naming, vI, 227 sketch of, 111, 336 trading post at, v1, 269 Fort Ponchartrain, now site of Detroit, v, 648 Fort Presque Isle, vi, 287 Fort. Prince George, Indian attack on, VI, 289-240 location, vI, 288, 239 78 Fort Recovery, besieged by Indians, v1, 339 location, v1, 339 Fort St. Joseph, Lake Huron protected by, v1, 198 Fort St. Joseph’s, tribes dwelling near, vI, 714 Fort St. Mary’s, v1, 198 Fort Sandusky, taken by the Hurons, 0, 273 Fort Shelby, taken by British, v1, 358 Fort Simpson, tribes trading at, v, 487, 489 Fort Slucher, m1, 334 Fort Smith, vi, 527, 528 Fort Stanwix, v1, 208, 283 established in Oneida country, V, 512 fraud charged in treaty at, v, 667- 668 investment, by British, v1, 285-289 reference to seizure of, v, 514 termination of siege of, v1, 290-291 treaty concluded at, vi, 3238, 324, 330 Fort Stoddart, location, Iv, 629 Fort Sullivan, location, v, 667 Fort Venango, tv, 614 Fort Village Band, census of, 1, 478-487 Fort Vincennes, v1, 237 Fort Washington, St. Clair’s army at, VI, 336 Fort Wayne, vi, 397 Fort William Henry, vi, 208 capture by French and Indians, VI, 221-222 erection, VI, 220 Fort Wyoming, massacre at, v1, 297-298 Fortifications, areas containing, I, 47, 48 attributed to De Soto, vi, 66 built by Indians, rv, 124 built by Pequots, v1, 119 Cumberland Gap, Iv, 1384-135 described in Smithsonian publica- tion, 1, 48 entrances to, illustrated, 1, 48 erected by Yakamas, vI, 613 explained by traditions, rv, 185, 136-137 explanation of ditches inside, vI, 163 in Pennsylvania, Iv, 326 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY { Bull. 152 Fortifications—Continued in the Natchez country, v, 283 Indian mode of building, v1, 603 mentioned in Iowa song, m1, 264, 267 Mississippi Valley, drawn from, vy, 61 number questioned, tv, 144-145 of Mississippi Valley tribes, v1, 600- 601 of villages, v, 116 on Columbia River, 111, 206 on Rock River, possibly Winnebago, mi, 278 plan, Iv, 126-127 purpose, iv, 110 ruins in Ohio, v, 660 skill shown in, v, 114 Susquehanna, age of, 1v, 174 Teton, map of, v, 100 time of erection, I, 267 western, type of, Iv, 667 conclusions See also WHarthworks; Forts; Mounds. Forts, commanding the Great Lakes, v1, 198 English, taken by Indians, vi, 2438 erected for English defense, v1, 208 necessity for, I, 246 Fose hatch ee e marth lar, chief at Eu- faula, rv, 580 Foster, J. W., antiquities exhibited by, Iv, 138 Foster, W. A., crania received from, 1, 326, 329 Fox Indians. See Foxes. Fox language, an Algonquian dialect, 1, 341 Fox River, settlement of Stockbridges on, VI, 504 tribes living on, v, 524; vi, 385 Ioxes, ILI, 554 annuities of, 11, 585 classification, m1, 401 country occupied by, m1, 593 driven from rice-lake region, v, 525 enemies of the French, VI, 237 independence in warfare, v1, 200 language spoken by, 111, 562 leading men of, m1, 568 Ojibwa women captured by, 1, 141 other names for, 11, 186; m1, 562; v, 39, 41 Nichols] Foxes—Continued population of, m1, 259, 562, 598, 609 ; vi, 271 relations of, with the Chippewas, Vv, 524-525 relations of, with the Mascoutins, Iv, 245 territory occupied by, v, 524 totems of, m1, 554 trade of, m1, 564 trading post for, 11, 566 treaty made by, vi, 255, 380, 421 tribal relations of, 11, 566 villages, number of, 11, 562 war of, with Ojibwas, u, 142, 150 warriors, number of, U1, 554, 562; wWatraak See also Mechecaukis; Musqua- keys; Odagumaig; Outagamies; Sacs and Foxes; Sauks and Foxes. Fractures, treatment for, Iv, 514 France, explorations in service of, VI, 40-48, 48-57 See also French. Franciscans, Spanish, missionary work of, vi, 734, 735 statistical data on missions of, VI, 735 Franklin, Dr. B., remarks by, on In- dians, Iv, 342-345 Franklin, Michael, relations of, with the Milicites, v, 675-676 treaty conducted by, v, 675, 677 Frazer, Jack, mention of, IV, 97, 98 Freeland’s fort, battle at, v1, 307 Fremont, Col., among the Shoshonee, I, 200 geographical memoir of, discussed, I, 152-154 mention of expedition of, v1, 519 reference to, 111, 493; Iv, 597; v, 100 reference to explorations of, Iv, 551 French, the, Algonquin name for, 1, 18 attempt by, to take Indian census, v, 479 colonial policy of, v1, 185, 199-201, 206-208 efforts to acquire territory, v, 109- 110 explorations, v, 646-648 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S cog 79 French, the, Algonquin name for—Con. Indian attitude toward, v1, 156 influence among Indian tribes, v1, 191-192, 197-198, 223 intermarriage with Indians, v, 529 loss of Canada by, v, 528 name given by Chippewas, v, 147 policy in America, v1, 185 relations with Indians, Iv, 614; vy, 278 relations with the Natchez, v1, 628 See also France; French and In- dian Wars; French explorations. French and Indian Wars, beginning of, VI, 249 duration, v, 528 French explorations, antiquities in area of, v, 108-110 area of, I, 196-197 object, 1, 20 Fresno Indians (Fresnos), v1, 687 population, Iv, 608; v, 484; v1, 687 Fresno Reservation, population, v1, 715 report on, vi, 716 Frezzie, Chief, 1, 142 Friend, Mr., tv, 314 Friendship, Cherokee song of, v, 564 gestures indicating, m1, 22 Frit, Samuel, rv, 556 Frobisher, Joseph, v1, 269 Frontenac, Count de (Gov. Gen.), 1, 334 ; v, 671; vi, 185, 190 pictographic drawing of army of, vi, 605 Fuegians, physical characteristics, um, 316 Fuller, William, signer of Indian treaty, vi, 144 Fuller’s earth, large deposit of, 1, 221 Funeral dance, brief account of, 111, 286 Funeral vase (urn), Aztec, description of, v1, 589 Aztec, illustration of, v1, 576 theory of age, Iv, 163 use and description, Iv, 162-163 ¥ur trade, beginning, in Canada, v, 647 central point of, 1, 187 French and English rivalry in, v, ' 522 letter giving information on, MI, 599-600 S. INDIAN TRIBES” 80 Fur trade—Continued statistics concerning, 111, 604-606; vi, 726-730 under the English, v1, See also Trade, Indian. Fur traders, licensed, list of, 111, 604— 606 See also Traders. Furs, influence of market for, 1, 434 prices of, 111, 354; 1v, 276 relative values of, 11, 178; 111, 366; Iv, 276 use for clothing, vy, 80 See also Fur trade; Skins; Trade. Fus hatch che miceo of Tuck a batch cha Town, Iv, 575 Fus hatch fixico of Che haw Town, tv, 576 Future life, Indian conception of, v, 403 Indian beliefs concerning, Iv, 638 See also Immortality ; Soul. G Gabimubeeno, a Pillager subchief, v, 189 Gage, Gen., Bradstreet censured by, V1, 256 plan accomplished by, vr, 259 Gahlinskun. See A se guang. Gaillard, John, letter to, regarding In- dian lands, 11, 581 Gaines, Gen., Iv, 629; v1, 476 Gaines, George §S., Iv, 632 Gaines, Lt. Edmund P., rv, 629, 630 Gaiuckers, a name for Cayugas, Iv, 332, 333 Galena, deposits of, 1, 152 Galibio Indians, possible descendants of, v, 28 Galissoniére, Marquis de la, v, 109 Galisteo, Indian name of, 111, 298 language spoken at, 111, 298 Gallatin, Albert, 1, 21; 11, 328, 348, 348; Ill, 252; v1, 605, 646 chronological tables prepared by, v, 96-97 letter to Indian Commissioner, 11, 397-400 petition signed by, m1, 618 use of vocabularies by, 11, 358 vocabularies collected by, 111, 398 Gallinazo-stone, mirrors made of, v, 91- 92 268-269 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Gallinomero. See Kai-na-méah. Galphins, vi, 351 Gambling, at games, 11, 74, 78; Iv, 64 Game, abundance of, on Grand River, I, 219 destruction, I, 223 ; 11, 192; 111, 272 division among hunters, 1, 278; 0, 131, 185 in Columbia River region, 1, 221 in Minnesota, 1, 187-188 in the Oregon region, v, 656 influence, on Indian migration, 11, 258 of the Athapascan country, v, 178 of the Ojibwa country, m1, 187 of the Pillagers’ country, v, 191 of the Sioux country, 11, 174 range of, 1, 433-4384 result of extinction of, m, 187-188, 550; 11, 208; v1, 565 searcity of, in Shoshonean country, I, 206-207 varieties of, in the buffalo country, Iv, 101, 107 wanton slaughter of, by Indians, Iv, 96 See also Hunting ; and under names of animals, as Antelope, Bear, Buffalo, ete. Games, 1, 82-83 ball, described, 11, 78 illustrated, 11, 75 bowl, described, m, 72—74 illustrated, 11, 73 bullet, or button, u, 133 moccasin, described, tv, 64-65 of chance, with sticks, m1, 217 of the Creeks, v, 277 of the Dacotahs, rv, 64-65 of the Navajo, 1v, 214 played on ice, illustrated, um, 75 piayed on snow, 1, 516 plum-stones, described, 11, 71-72 illustrated, 11, 73 Ganawese, v1, 140 Gandastogué, a synonym of Andastes (q. v.), VI, 1387, 188 Gandongarae, tribes living at, Iv, 208 Gangasco. See Gingaskins. Gansevoort, Capt., reference to journal of, v, 670 Gansevoort, Col., Fort Stanwix de- fended by, vi, 285-286 Nichols] Gurangula (Garragula, Garrangula), Tit, 2RY Sys ae! Onondago orator, v, 163 oratory of, Iv, 627; v, 518 Garay, Francis, grant received by, 10, 27; vi, 44 Garces, Francisco, extract from diary of, 11, 297—299 Garcilaso de la Vega, made by, 11, 328 Garden beds, age of, 1, 57-58 attributed to Mushkodains, 1, 307 connection with mounds, 1, 60 date of abandonment, tv, 130 extent, 1, 55 remains, 1, 54-60 theories concerning, v, 396 Gardener’s Canal, tribes residing on, v, 487 Garoteros, possible origin of, v, 203, 689 See also Yumas. Garragula, Garrangula. See Garangula. Garter, construction and illustration of, 11, 68 Gaspe Indians, brief account of, v1, 53- 54 language, vi, 54 See also Micmacs. Gates, Sir Thomas, v1, 96 Gauntlet, ordeal of, custom of Five Na- tions, 111, 188-189 practices at Fort Niagara, v1, 297 Gauranos, settlement founded by, tv, 556 Gawagensea, Iv, 203 Gay Head, Indians of, 1, 287 Gazlay, Jonathan, v, 668 Gegosasa (Gegosaseh, Jegasaga), mean- ing of name, Iv, 202 queen of the Eries, rv, 198 tradition concerning, rv, 204 See also Yagowanea. Gel Plat, Pillager chief, episode in life of, 1, 67 See also Guel Plat. Generic families, 1, 196-198; m, 33-38 See also Linguistic stocks. Genesee country, geography of, 1, 163- 165 observations INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 81 Genii worship among Indian tribes, mm, 492 Gens de Terre (Gens des Terres), also called Nopemings, v, 41, 145 country occupied by, 1, 41; 11, 5538; v, 145 food of, reference to, 1, 41 watriors of, 11, 553 See also Tétes de Boule. Gentoo. See Hindoo race. Geographical features, mentioned in traditions, 1, 270 Geographical names. See Names, geo- graphical. Geography, physical, Indian knowledge of, m1, 270 of Indian country, m1, 91-177 of Minnesota, 1, 181-188 Geological action of the North Amer- ican lakes, 1, 166-172 Geological Survey of Illinois, Wiscon- sin, and Iowa, reports on, Iv, 189 Geology, of Minnesota, 1, 186 of western New York, I, 163-165 Georgia, Alabama, and Tennessee, num- ber of Indians in, v, 480 Georgia, Indian lands in, 111, 584, 586; Iv, 460 Indian population of, m1, 584, 586 map of, with parts of other states, v, 253 population and area, Iv, 610 pottery from, m1, 79 Georgia colony, establishment of, v1, 186 Georgianna, the sloop, wreck of, Iv, 601 German Flatts, reference to Indian attack on, v1, 298 Germanic tribes, name for themselves, Vi ig Gesenius, quoted on languages, u1, 342 Gestures indicating friendship, m1, 22 Geudeville, travels of, 1, 186 Ghebir system, vi, 197 Ghent, treaty of, m1, 279, 280 effect on Indians, v, 450 unsatisfactory to Indians, tv, 259 Giant dance, and feast, described, 11, 487-488 description, Iv, 64 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Geneva, N. Y., Indian name of, Iv, 384; | Giants, cannibal, belief in, v, 408 vI, 310 Gengis Khan, v, 61 fabled, belief in, m1, 233; v1, 662 no evidence of, 11, 318 82 Gibbes, Robert W., mention of collec- tion of, Iv, 162, 163 Gibbles, Dr. R. W., skull measured by, Iv, 168 Gibbs, George, California tribes de _/2% seribed by, v, 217 diary kept by, of M’Kee expedition, 1, 99-177 letters to H. R. Schooicraft, v, 662— 665 opinion of, cited, 111, 88; vi, 612 paper by, on California languages, m1, 420 vocabularies collected by, 111, 405 Gibbs & Co., v, 662 Gibbs, Wolcott, v, 662 Gibson, Col., Iv, 1386 Logan’s speech delivered by, Iv, 626 Gibson, John B., measurements of hair, tir, 383 Gila Apaches (Gilenos), an Apache divi- sion, Iv, 216 chief, v, 206 dialect, v, 203 range, v, 206, 207 Gila River, account of Pimos of, m1, 296-306 alleged origin of name, 111, 83 description, 11, 304 reached by Coronado, vi, 70 Yuma name for, 11, 113, 114 Gila Valley, Apaches in, v, 203, 206 Gilands, brief description of, m1, 83 See also Coyoteros. Gilbert, H. C., census report by, v1, 692 Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, reference to expedition of, v1, 82, 103 Gilenos. See Gila Apaches. Gilless, Lt., mounds opened by, v, 93 Gillett, R., population report by, v1, 707 Gillis, Mr., letter to, on Peruvian buri- als, v, 658-660 Gilmer, Gov., Scott’s letter to, on Chero- kee removal, vi, 493-494 Gingaskins, a part of the Accomacs, v, 36 Girdle, description and illustration of, ti, 86 Girls. See Children. Girty, action taken by, in Revolutionary War, v1, 300 Gist, Washington joined by, v1, 213 Gitchey Wedau, son of Sagima, vi, 202 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Gitchy Kenabec, the mythological ser- pent, 1, 94 Gitchy Naigow, Chief, story concerning, Iv, 48-49 Gitshe Iawba, feat of, m, 54-55 Gladwin, Mr., 1, 256, 258, 262, 279 commander of Fort Detroit, 11, 242, 250 Gladwyn, Major, vi, 253 at siege of Fort Detroit, v1, 244 resistance to Indian siege, tv, 614 Glen, Gov., m1, 294 Gliuna, ancient name of Fort Oswego, vi, 197 Gnadenhutten, massacre of Indians of, v1, 317-818 Goadby, Dr., 1v, 138 God. See Deity; Gods. Godfroy, Jacques, negotiations with In- dians, II, 256, 257 Gods and goddesses, Minnesota tribes, Iv, 495-496 Dacotah, mI, 232, 485-487 illustrated, m1, 485 multiplicity of, Iv, 642-648 duality in Indian belief, 1v, 636; v, 407-408 minor, or spirits, belief in, Iv, 636 of the Dakota, Iv, 644 of the Iroquois, 1, 316 See also Culture heroes; Deities. Gofer, belief concerning, v, 259 description, v, 258 Gogouins, 111, 555 totems, I, 555 warriors, number of, 1, 555 See also Cayugas. Gold, and silver, barter in, Iv, 165 articles made of, illustrated, Iv, 448 discovery, in California, 1, 149 ornaments, Iv, 450 place, in Indian regard, I, 93 rocks bearing, Iv, 171 Spanish search for, m1, 25, 27, 30, 36, 40, 41, 44 specimens of, described, 1, 149-150 See also Gold deposits; Gold mines ; Gold mining. Gold Bluff, origin of gold found at, 1m, 138 Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 83 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Gold deposits, character of, in Cali- | Government, absence among tribes, 1, fornia, I, 154 of California, 1, 149-156 source of, I, 155 value and extent of, 1, 152-155 See also Gold; Gold mines. Gold formation of the South, range of, iv, 170-171 Gold mines, ancient, 1, 151 annual production of, 1, 151 classes, described, tv, 171 South American, 1, 151 See also Gold deposits; Gold min- ing. Gold mining, ancient, described, Iv, 451 methods employed in, 11, 148 on Scott’s River, m1, 159 Goldsmiths, art of, 1v, 447-453 Gomez de la Cortina, Don, acknowledg- ment to, 11, 330 Gonorrhea, among the Creeks, v, 271 remedy for, Iv, 515 Good Road Band (Goodrod’s Band), a Medawakanton band, 111, 613 census, I, 498-507 listed as one of Seven Fires, 11, 169 Goodrod’s Band. See Good Road Band. Good Thunder’s Band, census of, 1, 498- 507 Good Water, Choctaw education at, Iv, 585 Goodwin, Dr., 1, 107 Gookin, cited on Passaconnaway, v, 229 Goose Creek, tribes of, v, 201 Gordon, Lt. Gov. Patrick, v1, 140 Gorgets, shell, v, 110 described, 1, 78-79 illustrated, 1, 103 Gorman, Rev. Sam’l, v, 689 Goshenink, etymology of name, tv, 540 Goslin, death of, m, 254 Gosnold, Bartholomew, discoveries of, vi, 95 expedition organized by, v1, 96 Gouge, stone, illustration of, 1v, 175 Gouin, M., English warned by, at Fort Detroit, 1, 257 Gourgues, Chevalier Dominico, expedi- tion led by, v1, 78-81 outrages avenged by, vi, 744 262 Choctaw and Chickasaw, I, 312 Indian attitude toward, 1, 183 new Indian, I, 282 of Indian tribes, 1v, 477-483 ; v1, 570 of New England tribes, v1, 114-115 of the Pillagers, v, 189 patriarchal form of, 1, 193 See also Chiefs; Councils; Social organization; U. 8S. Government. Graffenreidt, Baron de, 111, 294 Grafton, Indians at, 1, 287 Grammatical notes on Massachusetts language, 1, 295, 296, 297, 298-299 Grammatical structure of the Algonquin language, 1, 351-442 Granaries, Apache, discovered by Span- iards, m1, 304 Grand Island of Lake Superior, census of Indians of, 1, 458—467 Grand Medicine Dance. See Medicine Dance. Grand Pawnees, a Pawnee band, 111, 595 location, m1, 595 Gran(d) Quivera. See Quivera. Grand Rapids Band, census of, 1, 478— 487 Grand River Valley, description, 1, 218- 219 tribes of, v1, 206, 385 Grand Traverse Bay, tribe on shore of, vI, 385 Grandes Eaux, estimate of warriors of, TH, 557, 559 Grandfather, ceremonial use of word, Iv, 643 Grandmother, ceremonial use of word, Iv, 643 Granganameo, relations with the Eng- lish, v1, 83, 86, 89 Grangula. See Garangula. Grant, Col., march of, against the Cher- okees, vi, 241 slaughter of troops under, vI, 226 Grant, James, II, 355 Grant, Maj., reference to defeat of, VI, 249 Grasshoppers, as food, v, 649 Grater, mandioca, described, 1v, 445 Grave Creek, naming of, v1, 597 84 Grave Creek Flats, maize cultivated on,| Great Hare, in Indian mythology, I Iv, 130 map of, 1, 123 mounds on, ft, 123; 11, 85 Grave Creek Mound, trv, 128 artifacts from, 1, 89-90, 91, 93 conclusions drawn from, rv, 129-130 copper articles in, 1, 67 illustration of antiquities from, v1, 610 illustration of section of, 1, 120 inscribed stone from, v1, 610 inscription from, compared with Phoenician, vi, 611 pipe from, illustrated, 1, 75 view from, illustrated, v1, 312 Grave-posts, description of, I, 856-357 ; Iv, 55 illustrated, 1, 356 inscriptions on, 1, 334; v1, 606 of the Dacotahs, tv, 66 symbolism of devices on, 11, 199 Graverott, M., 111, 355 Graves, California Indian, described, 1, 140 Chippewa, illustration of, v, 64 Congaree, description, tv, 160 Dacotah, description, tv, 65 decoration of, m1, 175; v1, 613 Wuropean articles in, rv, 140-141 lights burned on, v1, 664-665 illustration of, v1, 664 marked by stone heaps, 1, 69 object of fires at, Iv, 55 object of orientation of, 1v, 54 pipes recovered from, 1, 75 pottery in, 1, 83-84 roof built over, tv, 55 temporary use of, Iv, 156 Winnebago, described, rv, 54, 55 See also Burials; Grave-posts; Tomb. Gravier, v1, 734 Gray’s Harbor, Indians of, vi, 703 Grayson, George, land assigned to, Iv , 581 Great and Little Osage, land ceded by, II, 603 purchased from, 1, 594, 595, 598, 599 statistics on, m1, 605 See also Great Osage; Little Osage. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 IbSj8 soun Salt! Greathouse, connection with Logan massacre, III, 56; 1v, 628, 629 Great Lakes region, aborigines of, Iv, 187-188 description, Iv, 185-194 French possession of, v1, 198 Great Nemaha agency, tv, 466 Great Osages, an Osage band, mm, 594 annuities of, m, 585 See also Great and Little Osage. Great Snake of Canandaigua Lake, tale of, m1, 822-323 Great Spirit, Dakota use of term, VI, 649 Greeks, mythology of, v, 406-407 Green Bay, Algonquin name for, tv, 560 change of garrison at, v1, 344 Indians in vicinity of, v1, 204 inscription on cliffs of, 1, 414 seat of the Winnebagoes, v1, 34 tribes on, v1, 206 Green Bay region, Indian population of, vay 2ral Green Corn ceremony, an annual sacri- fice, v, 267 illustration of, v1, 385 of the Dakotah, v1, 385 Green Corn dance, a thanksgiving feast, 111, 89 description, v, 685 metal plates exhibited at, m1, 89 Greenland, classification of language of, 111, 401 settlement of, v1, 742 Green River, Indians on, v, 199; v1, 703 Green River Snakes, condition Of, i: 227-228 Village of, 1, 219 Green River Valley, description of, Ti, 218-219 Greenville, location of camp calied, vI, 338 treaty negotiated at, v1, 342-344 Wayne's camp at, vi, 342 Greetings of the Dacotah, 111, 244 Gregg, Dr. Josiah, explorations of, 1m, 131 Nichols] Grenville, Sir Richard, expedition led | Guardian spirits, by, vi, 85 hostilities provoked by, vi, 85-86, 89, 90 settlers landed by, vi, 92 Griffen, Dr. J. S., m1, 421 Griswold Colony Band, census of, 1, 478-487 Grizalba, vi, 44 discoveries of, II, 27 landing of, vi, 743 Gros Ventres, v, 180, 181; vi, 686, 687 bands of, 11, 630 brief history, v1, 699 census, VI, 556 habitations, vi, 695 identification, 111, 251, 403, 514; rv, 559 ; vi, 699 language, I, 259; 111, 630; v1, 699 listed as a linguistic family, 11, 402 location, 1, 259; 11, 594; vi, 556, 699, 705 map showing, 11, 96 permanent village of, 111, 630 population, 1, 5238; 111, 594, 609, 630, 631; vI, 687, 695, 696, 698, 705 Synonym of Minnetarees, m1, 514 See also Minataree. Gros Ventres of the Prairie (Gros Ventres du Prairie), v1, 687 census, VI, 559 country occupied by, WI, 595; VI, 556, 695 population, m1, 595; v1, 687, 695 relationship, mI, 631 Groton, attacked by Indians, v1, 164 Mohegans at, I, 524 Groton Indians, location, m1, 583 population, 1, 583 Growing-chief, a Comanche chief, 1, 128 Guacas, Peruvian, description of, v, 90- 91 excavation of, v, 91, 93 Guadalaxara, Iv, 22 Guadaloupe skeleton, cranium of, dis- cussed, U, 320 Guanahani, Indian name for San Sal- vador, Iv, 554 Guandostagues, a synonym of Andastes (q. v.), 111, 290 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 85 acquisition of, VI, 633, 660, 664 belief in, 1m, 248 different from totems, v, 196; v1, 664 of individuals, v, 408 of prophets, in picture writing, 1, 389-391 selection of, Iv, 637-638 Guatemozin, reference to execution of, In, 23 Guauaenok. See Qua i nu. Guel Plat (Guele, Guelle Plat), 1, 142; VI, 452 chief at Sandy Lake, v1, 386 war party led by, v, 186 See also Gel Plat. Guess. See Sequoia. Guiana Indians. See Guyana Indians. Guillon, M., UI, 355 Guipana, encountered by De Soto, 1, 37 Gulf of St. Lawrence, explored by Car- tier, vi, 51, 55 tribes of, v, 38 Gull, Winnebago war-chief, Iv, 235 Gunnison, Capt. (Lt.), J., 1v, 252 death of, tv, 551, 597; v, 198 pictographs sketched by, It, 4938 work of, Iv, 597 Gunpowder, use made of, by Iroquois, vr, 209 See also Firearms. Guristersigo, Creek leader, attack led by, vi, 319, 332 Gusmagio, Iv, 564 Guyana Indians, religious beliefs of, rv, 489 Guzman, expedition organized by, vi, 69 Gwageoneh, Seneca name for Eries, Iv, 202 Gwin, Senator, v, 468 Gypsum, in Rocky Mountain region, 1, 218 H Habe Napo (Habe-napo band), at Clear Lake council, m1, 109 meaning of name, m1, 110 population, 111, 634 Habitations. See Dwellings. Habits, personal, v, 70 Hackluyt, Richard, vi, 96 86 Hadley, Indian assault on, v1, 170 Hagan, Mr., intended work of, v, 658 Hagler. See King Hagler. Hahnemann, tv, 511 Hahuamis. See A qua mish. Hahulteah, chief of the Quahtomah, v1, 702 Hah-wal-coes, a Yuma division, 11, 116 location of, 1, 116 Haidai language, tribes speaking, v, 489 Hainai. See Ayenis; Ionees. Hai-ne-na-une, a Comanche division, 1, 128 meaning of name, 11, 128 Hair, Anglo-Saxon, characteristic of, v, 288 microscopical examination of, 1, 41; I, 3738-374 Negro, characteristics, v, 288 discussion, Iv, 362-363 racial differences in, Iv, 352; v, 287 See also Hair, Indian. Hair, Indian, appearance of, 111, 376 as racial characteristic, Iv, 362 characteristics, v, 288 compared with that of other races, Il, 3875-378 illustrations of, 11, 377, 384-391 lack of lustre in, 111, 380 loss of color, 11, 379 manner of wearing, 111, 220 study, Iv, 351-352 uniformity, 11, 321 white, discussion of, 11, 321-322 Haircut, totem indicated by, m1, 268, 269 Hair dressing, California tribes, m1, 141 Bonak or Root-Digger, Iv, 223 Dacotah, rv, 69 Iowa, 111, 269 Moqui, tv, 74, 83 illustrated, Iv, 74 Pimos and Maricopas, 111, 296 Pueblo, tv, 76, 77 warriors’, Iv, 54 Winnebago, rv, 59 ZuDi, rv, 220 Halderman, Samuel S., measurements of hair of, m1, 383 Haldiman, Gen., Oneidas punished by, VI, 312-313 Hale, Horatio, 1, 200 tribes classified by, 1, 436, 487 vocabularies supplied by, 111, 398 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Half-King. See Tanacharisson. Half-way House, a synonym of Big Tal- lassie, v, 262 Halket, Mr., reference to publication by, Vv, 53 Hall, Rev. Sherman, tv, 532 Halliday, Miss Mary, vi, 566-567 Hallowing King, chief of Cowetas, v, 263 Ham, Indians called descendants of, m1, 476-477 Hamightaghlawatawa, Nanticokes rep- resented by, at council, v1, 132 Hamilton College, represented at fun- eral of Skenandoah, v, 517 Hamilton, Gov., taken as prisoner, VI, 303 Hamilton, Rev. William, acknowledg- ment to, MI, 376 linguistic work of, m1, 258; rv, 549, 550 missionary labors of, m1, 256, 258 paper by, on Iowa language, Iv, 397 See also Irvin, S. M., and Hamilton. Hamine-chan, origin of name, 1, 171 Hamlin, A. C., inscription copied by, v1, 607 opinion of, cited, v1, 608 Hammersly’s Inlet, Indians of, v1, 703 Hammersly’s Inlet Indians, population of, v, 491 position, v, 491 See also Sahéhwamish. Hampton, Col., mention of plantation of, Iv, 161, 168 Hanaga Indians, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 Hand, Gen., v1, 309 Hand, symbolism of imprint of, m, 58; 111, 230 Handicrafts, discussion of, 11, 511-516 domestic, described, rv, 485-4387 Handy, Charles N., vocabulary by, 0, 470 Hannakallah (Hannakallal), location of, m1, 571 population, m1, 571, 609 Hano. See Harno; Tanoquevi. Hanover, N. H., missionary work at, VI, 734 Hadkah, a Dacota god, m1, 224-225 illustration showing, 0, 224 Harahey. See Arache. Nichols] Hardin, Col., Kickapoo town stormed by, VI, 335 killed by Indians, vi, 3388, 342 Hare. See Great Hare. Hare Indians, population of, m1, 28 See also Kancho. Harignera, a Susquehannock chief, VI, 136 Haring, Dr., tradition related by, vI, 573 Harlsefne, Thorfinn, Iv, 119 Harmer, Col., advance of, into Miami country, vi, 331 defeat by Indians, v, 528, 529; v1, 217, 287, 334 Harned, William, m1, 376 Harno (Harro), a Moqui village, Iv, 82 distinct language of, Iv, 87-88 See also Tanoquevi. Harriot, Thomas, expedition accom- panied by, vi, 85 instructions to, v1, 90 Harris, Mr., referred to, in Perrault’s Relation, m1, 355, 356, 357, 359, 362, 364, 366, 369 Harris, Rev. Thaddeus M., tv, 181 Harris, T. S., translation by, Iv, 528 Harrison, Gen. Wm. Henry, ability and duties of, vi, 350 armistice granted by, v1, 364 battle led by, at Tippecanoe, v1, 355 campaign of, mentioned, Iv, 258 services rendered by, vi, 405 victory on Thames River, v1, 363 Harrison, Rev. T., work of, rv, 546 Harro. See Harno. Harrod, Col., Shawnees routed by, vi, 307 Hart, Maj., death of, v1, 336 Hartley, A. J., Chickasaws discussed by, v, 693-694 Hartley, Col., v, 671 Harvey, Capt. Augustus, treaty con- cluded by, v, 677 Harvey, H., statistics furnished by, v1, Tale Ha-sa-no-au-da, Seneca chief, m1, 290 Haslinding. See Has-lintah. Has-lintah, a Trinity River village, 11, 139 Hassanamisco, Indians at, 1, 287 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 87 Hassler, Prof., 111, 336 Hatch cha chubba Town, a Creek town, Iv, 575 chief of, 1v, 575 Hatch chi chubba, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Hatch ee chub ba (Hatchee chubba), a Lower Creek town, Iv, 578, 580 derivation of name, Iv, 381 Hatchet-Creek, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Hatfield, Mass., Indian attack on, v1, 160, 170 Haukoma. See How-ku-ma. Havasupai. See Cosninas. Haven, Langdon, 11, 114 Haw-haws, a Tuolumne band, trv, 407 Hawk chant of the Saginaws, 111, 329- 330 Hawkins, Benjamin (Col.), Iv, 127 cited on earthworks, v, 110 treaty concluded by, vi, 327 Hawkins, Maj., Iv, 324 Haxa, town of, rv, 30 Haxta (Haxti), sacrifice of, Iv, 50; v, 77-78; v1, 495-496 Hay, Officer, 11, 266, 269, 274, 293 Hays, Lt., 11, 262 Hayti, Spanish administration of, 0, 309-312 Head deformation, 11, 323-328 ; Iv, 663 effect on size of brain, 11, 333 for males, 0, 324 in Mexico and Peru, 0, 323, 324 method used in, 11, 324, 325, 326- 3827 illustrated, m1, 69 Headdresses, cases for, m1, 68 illustrated, 111, 68 Chippewa, illustrated, m1, 68 cloth, illustrated, 11, 68 description, m1, 67-68 feather, illustrated, m1, 68 Navajo, described, tv, 435 illustrated, Iv, 74 of horns, illustrated, 111, 68 symbolism of, 1, 68 Pueblo, for dancing, Iv, 77 symbolism of, 11, 68 See also Cap; Hairdressing. Head flattening. See Head deforma- tion. 88 Heald, Capt., massacre of troops under, VI, 359 Healing ceremony, description of, v, 437-440 Hearne, John, murder of family of, tv, 158 Hebrew coin from Indian mound, dis- cussed, Iv, 149-150 Hebrew custom, v, 60 Hebrew history, Ojibwa traditions lik- ened to, 11, 136 Hebrew language, compared with Al- gonquin, 11, 421 compared with Indian, v, 82, 86 infixion in, 111, 61 resemblance to Chippewa, Iv, 386 to Indian languages, Iv, 387 Hebrew origin of Indians, tv, 149; v, 86; vi, 419 argument against, v1, 88 indications of, 111, 59-62, 228, 268 writings on, v, 51 See also Lost tribes of Israel; Jew- ish customs. Heckewelder, Rev. John, 11, 357 relations with Logan, Iv, 621 traditions recorded by, rv, 136 Hehighenimmo (Hihighenimmo), loca- tion, m1, 572 population, m1, 572, 609; v, 706 See also Sanpoil. Hellueland, 11, 28 He maw hie Town, a Creek town, Iv, 576 leading men of, Iv, 576 Hemez. See Jemez. Hemorrhage, treatment for, Iv, 513 Henderson, Capt., rv, 602 Hendric, King. See King Hendrick. Hendrick, Capt., translation by, tv, 5389 Hendrick, King. See King Hendrick. Hendrick, Thomas T., emigrants com- manded by, vi, 504 Hendy, Col. John, information supplied by, v, 666 Henlée, m1, 384 Henly, Thomas J., population table compiled by, vi, 715 Hennepin, Lewis, explorations of, 1, 136 Henry, Alexander, trade with Indians, VI, 269 Henry, Dr. Chas. C., Apachee vocabu- lary by, v, 578 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 | Henry, Dr. Charlton, quoted on the Apaches, v, 205-212 | Henry, George, translations by, tv, 535 | Henry, Dr. T. C., Apachees discussed by, v, 695 Hen-ta-pah-tus (Hen-tee-pah-atees), a Yankton band, 11, 169 country occupied by, m, 169 Henya. See Hanaga. Heredity, among medicine men, v, 652 in chieftainship, m1, 112 in office, 1, 194 matrilineal, of ruler, 1, 311 See also Descent. Herkimer, convocation held at, v1, 324 massacre at, v, 511-512 Herkimer, Gen., death of, v1, 289 fort relieved by, v1, 287-289 Hermaphrodite, Indian, 1, 115 Hernandez de Cordova, Francisco, dis- coveries of, 111, 27 Hernes, a synonym of Jemez, tv, 32 reached by Spaniards, tv, 39 See also Jemez. Hernia, treatment for, Iv, 514 Herring Pond Indians, 1, 287 location, 111, 583 population, 1, 583 Herriot, Mr., cited on tobacco, v1, 88 quoted on Indian beliefs, v1, 87 Hesperia, use of name, vy, 594 Hess, William, work of, tv, 526, 527 Heutzilapochtli, sacrifices to, v, 103 He-wa-tho-cha, Iowa chief, character- ization of, 111, 265 Hewit, Dr., quoted on depopulation of tribes, v1, 180-181 Heyoka, discussion of, v1, 651-652 gods of the Dakotas, rv, 645 Hiacoomes, missionary work of, v1, 734 Hiawatha, an Iroquois divinity, v1, 188 meaning of name, 111, 3153 v, 157 myth concerning, vi, 670 story of, m1, 314-817; v, 157-168; vi, 571-572 Hickory-Ground, a Creek town, Iv, 576 chief of, v, 255 map of, v, 255 Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 See also Little Tallassie. Hidatsa. See Belantse-Eteas; Gros Ventres; Metahartas; Mina- taree. Nichols] Hidatsa language. See Minnetaree lan- guage. Hieroglyphics, development of, 1, 342 system of, I, 422 Hiester, F. A., communication from, Iv, 324 Hi ga gee, a Lower Creek town, Iv, 578 High Log, a Lower Creek town, Iv, 578 Hildreth, Dr., 1, 184 Hill, A., translation made by, Iv, 526, 527 Hill, Benjamin M., report by, on mis- sions, v, 699 Hillabee (Hillabe Town, Hillabees), a Creek town, rv, 576, 578; v, 262 attack on, VI, 367 chief of, Iv, 576 mention of battle of, v1, 370, 379 Hillabees (Hillabes) district, v, 255 location, v, 262 Hillabi. See Hillabee. Hilleamuck, population, vi, 701 Hillishagee, activities, v1, 374 flight, v1, 874 Hindoo customs, compared with Indian, 1, 61; v, 217 Hindoo gods, length of life of, rv, 664 Hindoo race, characteristics, v, 58 country occupied by, v, 57 religion, v, 57-58 Hiokato, v1, 98 Hirrahagua. See Hirrihigua. Hirrihagua. See Hirrihigua. Hirrihigua (Hirrahagua, Hirrihagua), i, 84; v, 410 De Soto at village of, m1, 36 De Soto opposed by, 111, 80 death of mother of, I, 29-30; vi, 743 mutilated by Narvaez, 11, 29; vi, 45 History of Indian tribes, 1, 13-17 chronological table of, v1, 742-744 fables preserved in, 1, 13 Hitchatees. See Hitch e tee. Hitchcock, Dr., 1, 179 Hitehcock, Gen., quoted on California tribes, v, 216 Hitchcock, Mr., pottery recovered by, 11, (7 Hitch e tee (Hitchatees) town, a Lower Creek town, Iv, 578; v, 262 chiefs of, 1v, 580 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 89 Hitchetees (Hitchites, Hitchittee), v, 256 classification, m1, 401 linguistic relations, m1, 404 humeral system, v, 244 Hitchies, 1, 239 identity lost by intermarriage, 1 240 Hitchitee (Hitchittee) language, a Muskogee dialect, 1, 268 vocabulary (numerals), 11, 220-221 Hitchites. See Hitchetees. Hitchiti. See Hitchetee; Hitchetees. Hitchiti language. See Hitchitee lan- guage. Hitchittee. See Hitchetees. Hitch o par tar ga, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Hlekatchka. See Broken Arrow. Hoako. See Hocks. Hobie fixico of Hemawhie Town, tv, 576 Hochelaga (Hocheloga), former name of Montreal, v, 76; vt, 200, 743 fortification at, v, 110 Indian village at, 1, 305 location, m, 85 negotiations at, 11, 85 people occupying, m1, 320 reached by Cartier, 1, 134; v1, 56 Wyandots living at, rv, 383 Hochitagete, Chief, v1, 140 Hochungara tribe, account of, 11, 277- 283 meaning of name, mI, 277 type of the Dacotahs, m1, 267 Winnebago name for themselves, 100 DayAr(7¢ See also Winnebago. Hockhocking, origin of name, tv, 380 Hocks, location, vi, 710 population, v1, 710 Hodgkins, Chief John, v, 237 Hoffman, Martinus, speech of, quoted, vi, 133 Hogs, introduction of, into Florida, v1, 616 Hoha, Dacotah name for Assinaboins, TI, 539 Hohilpos (Hopilpo), location, m1, 572 population, 11, 572; v, 706 Hohost-ilp-ilp, Chief, meaning of name, I, 226 ’ 90 Hobtatoga, a Lower Creek town, v, 262 Ho-is, a Comanche division, 0, 127 meaning of name, 0, 127 Hoithlewaule, derivation of the name, Iv, 380 Hokamish, vI, 687 population, I, 521; vI, 687 See also Skokomish. Hokedi. See Kook a tee. Holbrook, Prof., 11, 320 Hole-in-the-day, 11, 161; v, 185 Ojibwa war chief, 1, 151 Hole-in-the-sky, 0, 162 wife of, 0, 161 Holeman, Maj., at peace council, Iv, 596 Holilepas, location, v1, 710 population, vi, 710 Hollenback, Col., reference to family of, v, 673 Hollenback, Matthias, v, 668 Holman, J. H., information furnished by, v, 198 Holmes, Maj. A. H., vi, 375 at Michilimackinac, vi, 375 death of, v1, 376 North-West factory destroyed by, vI, 898 Holston River region, described, 111, 346 Holyoke, vi, 169 Homamish (Homanish), vi, 687 brief account of, v, 700 population, 1, 521, vi, 701 See also Shomamish. Hominy (Homony), making of, 1, 80; Im, 466 Honayawus, Niagara Indians repre- sented by, vI, 326 Honeoye village, destruction of, vi, 310 Ho nese har jo, a Thlakatchka chief, Iv, 579 Honey, bad use of, iv, 68 Honey Creek, Presbyterian station at, Iv, 589 Honey-Haters. See Penointik-ara. Honsading. See Oke-noke. Hon. Society in Scotland for the Propa- gation of Christian Knowledge, work of, vi, 734, 735, 736 Honyerry, death of, v1, 312 Hon Yost, reprieve from the gallows, v1, 290 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Hoo-choop, Chief, treaty signed by, It, 279 tribute levied by, m1, 280 Hood’s Bay, Indians of, v, 489 Hood’s Canal, Indians of, v1, 703 Hookluhmie Indians, population of, 1, 521 See also Lummi. Hook-swinging, Hindoo custom of, v, 59 Hoopah Indians (Hoo-pah), a lower Trinity tribe, 11, 139 application of name, I, 422 See also Trinity Indians. Hoopah language, extent of use, 111, 422 vocabulary, In, 440-445 See also Nabil-tse. Hoopah villages, list of, m1, 139 Hoosatunanuk. See Housatonics. Hootsinoo Indians, census, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Ho-paiuh, a Klamath River tribe, m1, 634 Hopaiuh, a village on Klamath River, m1, 138 Ho-pee-kaw’s Band, census of, 1, 498- 507 Hopi. See Moqui. Hopilpo. See Hohilpo. Hopkins, Capt., 11, 302 expedition of, 0, 266 Hopkins, Gen., march against Wabash Indians, v1, 360 Hopkins, Mr., work of, tv, 547 Ho po uth lo yoholo, of Tuckabatchcha Town, Iv, 575 Horse raising, country adapted to, I, 222 Horses, advantage to Indians, v, 197 intelligence, Iv, 108 introduction, v1, 616 effect of, 1, 207-208 fear caused by, 111, 59 of the Navajoes, Iv, 212 raised in large numbers, I, 222 sacrificed for the dead, 0, 68; V, %8; vI, 622 spoils of war, I, 236 used for food, 11, 133; v, 650 wild, origin of, v, 197 Horse-Shoe, battle of the, v1, 372, 379 Horse-stealing, attitude toward, v, 181 Hosmer, W. H. C., v, 673 | Nichols] Hospitality, among barbarians, Iv, 345 among the Mohawks, 111, 190 of the Indians, Iv, 8438-844 of the Moquis, Iv, 88 shown by Congarees, IV, 158 Ho tal le ho yar nar, a Lower Creek town, Iv, 578 Hotchkiss, E., report on the Choctaws, Iv, 585 Hot-house, Creek, description of, Vv, 265-266 Hotlimamish. See Shotlemamish. Hot springs, near Des Schutes River, lig PAL Hou a guan, census, v, 489 language, v, 489 Houghton, Dr. Douglas, 1, 144, 145, 148 pottery collected by, 1, 84 survey entrusted to, Iv, 190 Housatonic Valley, tribe of, v1, 504 Housatonics (Housatonick, Hoosatun- nuk), etymology of the name, vy, 593 missionary work among, VI, 7384, 736 represented at Canandaigua coun- cil, V1, 326 See also Stockbridges. House of Montezuma, description of, tI, 299-301 Houses. See Dwellings. Howard, Capt., vi, 256 Howard, Don Carolus Caxton, v, 253 Howe, Dr., iv, 170 Howe, Rey. George, crucible described by, vi, 610 essay on Congaree Indians, 155-169 Howe, Lord, death of, vi, 226 Howkan. See Hou a guan. How-ku-ma band, at Clear Lake coun- cil, m1, 109 How-te-té-oh language, from Rogue’s River, 111, 423 Hudedut. See How-te-té-oh. Hudson, Hendrick (Hendrik), drinking party staged by, v1, 101-102 explorations of, 11, 23-24; vz,.100— 102, 744 with Indians, illustration of, 1m, 24; vi, 100 Hudson(s) Bay, classification of lan- guage of, 11, 401 936706—54——7 IV, INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S INDIAN TRIBES” $Ues Se 91 Hudson(s) Bay Co., tv, 101 fur sales of, v1, 728-730 influence on Oregon tribes, v, 656 policy, 11, 144 Hudson River, exploration of, vi, 100- 102 Indian names of, vi, 100, 504 name bestowed on, vi, 102 tribes on, v, 137; v1, 147 Hudson River region, tribes of, v1, 101 Huebschmann, F., population table by, vi, 707 Huestas, Mr., mention of expedition of, tI, 120 Huexotzincoes, m1, 515 Huitramannaland, a name for Virginia, vi, 742 Huitsla, classification, rm, 402 location, 11, 402 Hula-napo band (Huta Napo), at Clear Lake council, 11, 109 population, 111, 634 Hula-napo language. language. Hull, Gen. (Gov.) William, m, 226; v1, 356, 358, 359, 381 surrender of, v1, 259, 261 Hullooellell, 11, 571 Human sacrifice, corn planting marked by, Iv, 50; vi, 496 witnessed by Rey. J. England, v, 59 Humanos (Jumanos, Yumanos), map showing location of, 11, 28 named by De Vaca, 11, 21 supposed descendants of, 11, 29 territory occupied by, 1, 28 use of term, I, 242 Humboldt, Alexander, discussion of writings of, v, 53, 55 pyramid measured by, v1, 582 vocabularies used by, 1, 358 Humboldt, William, v, 53 Humboldt, William von, 1, 347 Humboldt Bay, described, m1, 131 discovery, 11, 131 mortality among Indians of, vi, 711 Humboldt River, Indians of, v, 201 peculiarity of, v, 201 Humboldt (town), described, 11, 131 illustration of, m1, 131 Huna. See Huna cow. Huna cow, a Cross Sound tribe, v, 489 census, v, 489 See Kula-napo 92 Hunkpapa. See Onch-pa-pah. Hunkpatidan, a subdivision of the Thanktonwan, I, 248 BUREAU Hunkpatina. See Hen-ta-pah-tus; Hunkpatidan. Hunt, Rev. Robert, expedition joined by, vI, 96 Hunter, John, petition signed by, I, 618 Hunter, John Dunn, v, 54 Hunter, Senator, of Virginia, chairman of Finance Committee, v, 461 information requested by, v, 461 Hunter state, absence of conditions of, in Mexico, v, 292 and agricultural, links between, v, 204 distinctive phases of, 111, 62-64 Hunter tribes, vi, 552-558 census, VI, 556 civilization of, 1, 44-46 food, vi, 553 land provided for, v1, 416 Hunter’s dream, story of, 1, 321 Hunting, beliefs concerning, 1, 382-383 ceremonial feast connected with, In, 61 instruction of boys in, 1, 882; m, 50 of deer and antelope, 11, 2138 pictographs of, 1, 382-888 popular error concerning, U1, 478— 479 the great spirit of, v, 420 use of cunning in, 111, 246 use of magic in, 1, 382; n, 51; v, 76, 397 See also Buffalo; Game; Hunting customs, Hunting customs, Algonquin, vi, 661 Athapascan, v, 176, 177 Cayouse, 1, 221 compared with Hebrew, 111, 61 Creek, 1, 278 Dacotah, 11, 185-186; m1, 234; rv, 59-61 general, 11, 538-55; m1, 61 in north-west California, m1, 113 of Atacama, Peru, 111, 540 Sioux, i, 185-186 See also Animals; Buffalo; Game. Hunting exploits, m, 54-55 OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Hunting-grounds, ratio of population to, I, 483 result of exhaustion of, v1, 377-378 rights to, 1, 278; m, 131, 185 Hunting scenes, illustrations of, u, 51, 5a, 5D, Ot Huntington, Abel, petition signed by, Ii, 618 Huntington, D. B., interpreter, Iv, 596 Huokarawaocks, location of, vi, 131 Hupa. See Hoopah; Nabil-tse; Trinity Indians. Hurlburt, Rev. Thomas, memoir by, on Chippewa language, Iv, 385 Huron-Iroquois family, v1, 137 Huron or Wyandot stock, tribes of, m1, 590 Hurons, 1, 554 allies of, v1, 138 classification, m1, 401 cranial measurements, HT, 335 derivation of name, Iv, 882 flight, before the Iroquois, v, 148; vi, 148 French name for Wyandots, v1, 200 linguistie affinities, rv, 207 missionary work among, VI, 735, 739 of upper Canada, reference to, VI, 1387 offered help by the Andastes, v1, 1438 origin belief of, v1, 627 part taken by, in Pontiac’s con- spiracy, u, 242, 248, 247, 248, 252, 260, 263, 274, 275, 279, 281, 288, 293, 295, 301, 302, 303, 307 Pontiac joined by, vi, 243 population, vi, 270, 271 relations with the French, v, 647 territory occupied by, 1, 305; 1v, 204 totems, 111, 554; rv, 204 treaty signed by, vI, 255 tribes composing, Iv, 204 warriors, number of, 1, 554; vt, 270, 271 western, migrations of, v1, 734 See also Wantats; Wyandots. Huta Napo. See Hula-napo. Hutchins, Thomas, statistics furnished by, vi, 7138, 714 Hutchinson, Capt. Thomas, Indian pop- ulation estimated by, m1, 5538-561 ; v, 479 Nichols] Huts, bark, described, 1, 191-192 illustrated, 1, 192 Hutsnuwu. See Hootsinoo. Hybridity, discussion of phenomena of, Iv, 358-359 Hymns to the Sun, words of, 1, 400 I Taba Waddik, family of, rv, 350 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 93 Illinois—Continued Indian lands in, m1, 584, 586; v, 480 Indian population of, 1m, 584, 586; v, 480, 481 population and area of, rv, 610 tribes of, v, 40 Illinois country, activities of Pontiac in, m1, 306-308 tribes dwelling in, v1, 714 Tigoo, a mythological character, v, 409 | Illinois Indians, 1m, 278, 555; v, 647 ; vI, Ice-cutting implements, description of, I, 88-89 illustrated, m1, 516 use of, m1, 514 Iceland, discovery of natives of, v1, 742 Icosans, absorbed by Creeks, v1, 370 era of, v, 1383 foes of the Creeks, v, 98 Ida-ka-ritike, a Shaste Valley band, 11, alal Idolatry, in India, v, 58 pictographs in, 342-343 Idol-pipe, mutilated, illustrated, un, 90 Idols, Aztec, description of, v1, 585-586 illustration of, 1, 120 lack of, 1, 50 Ietam, country occupied by, 11, 597 population, 111, 597 Tetan. See Ietam; Jetam. Thanktonwan, a grand division of the Dacotas, 1, 248 dialect of, 1, 249 meaning of name, I, 248 population, 1, 249 range, 1, 248 subdivisions of, 1, 248 See also Yankton. Thanktonwanna, a subdivision of the Ihanktonwan, I, 248 Thoways. See lowas. Ikanhatki. See Ecunhutlee. Ika-ruck, a Shaste Valley band, m1, 171 Tllinese, agricultural ability of, 1, 59 descendants of, 1, 59; v, 192 remains left by, v, 191-192 territory occupied by, vi, 206 tribes composing, v, 41 See also Mlinois Indians. Illinois, admission to the Union, v1, 393 573 country occupied by, m1, 559; v1, 33 cranial measurements, 1, 335 in the limits of De Soto’s marches, 11, 35 included in Algonquin group, 1, 36 name for themselves, vi, 573 partial extermination, u, 308 threatened by Pontiac, m, 307 warriors, estimate of number of, I, 555, 559 See also Illinese. Illinois language, an Algonquin dialect, ti, 341 classification, m1, 401 Illinois mission, work of, v1, 735 Illinois River, dispute concerning, 11, 155 Indians in valley of, v1, 206 tribes of, y, 191 Images, Aztec, in Pueblo village, tv, 82 representing disease, Iv, 491 use in ceremony, Iv, 73 Immookfau, meaning of the name, tv, 381 Immortality of the soul, Algonquin be- lief in, m1, 60 Chickasaw belief in, 1, 310 Comanche belief in, 1, 237; m, 131 Dacotah belief in, 111, 229 Indian belief in, 11, 68; v, 79 Massachusetts Indians belief in, 1, 286 Sioux belief in, 1, 178; mm, 229 See also Future life; Soul; Resur- rection; Transmigration of the soul, Imperturbability of Indian male, v, 183 See also Stoicism. and Indiana, Indian population of, | Implements, ancient bronze, tv, 438- v, 480 derivation of name, Iv, 379 440 illustrated, Iv, 488 94. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY {Bull. 152 Implements—Continued Indian Bureau (Department), funds re- antique Mexican, v1, 580 quired for, 11, 565-580 bone, 1, 87-88, 213; 111, 468 mention of work of, v, 54 illustrated, 1, 88, 211; m1, 468 organization of, v1, 404-405, 456, Congaree, described, Iv, 159-169 457 illustrated, tv, 160, 164-168 Indian corn. See Corn. copper, described and illustrated, 1, | Indian country, mineral resources of, 1, 67; Iv, 488-439 149-163 from Peruvian guacas, v, 92 physical geography, 1, 1383-138; trv, in Ohio, v, 665-666 179-194 domestic, 1, 514 Indian lands. See Lands. fleshing, illustrated, 111, 467 Indian languages. See Languages, In- found in New York State, 11, 90-91 dian. See also under tribal from Chippewa territory, 1, 68 names. from Cunningham’s Island, 11, 86-87 | Indian mind. See Intellectual capacity ; from ossuaries, illustrated, 1, 103- Mental characteristics. 104 Indian names. See Names. ice cutting, 1, 88-89; 11, 514 Indian population. See Population, In- illustrated, nm, 516 dian. of the Blackfeet, v, 182 Indian Territory, description of tribes of the Ojibwa, 11, 137, 188 of, v, 485 Peruvian, v, 92 Indian lands in, Iv, 183 illustrated, v, 93 population and area of, tv, 610 Indian tribes. See Indians; Tribes, In- priority in antiquity of, v, 395 problematical, from New York, Iv, 174 Shoshonean, list of, 1, 211 Shoshonee, illustrated, 1, 211 dian. Indian villages, destruction of, by Sul- livan’s army, VI, 311 Indian wars, effect on tribes, v1, 379-881 estimated cost, v, 500 used in mining, m1, 31; rv, 144; v, of 1812-16, origin, v1, 374 ae of New England, vi, 116-127 used in skin dressing, 11, 64 principles involved in, v1, 507-509, wooden, 1, 516 512 illustrated, 11, 516 See also Black Hawk; Creek war; See also Utensils; Weapons. French and Indian Wars; Pon- Inca (s), form of government of, 11, 330- tiac ; Tecumseh ; and under tribal 331 names. meaning of name, v, 89 Indiana, admission of, to the Union, vI, mental capacity, v, 94 393 power, v, 89 and Illinois, number of Indians in, remains of house of, described, v, Np 480 94 Indian lands in, mt, 584, 586; v, 480 eooe teenie ee number of Indians in, m1, 584, 586; ae v, 480, 481 Incest, among the Kenistenos, v, 167 $ Independence, Ohi I 1 population and area of, tv, 610 epencence, io, rock sculptures at, tribes of, v. 40 Via eet Ajax O04 Indians (American aborigines), annui- India, application of name, v, 57 ties, effect on, 1, 279 Indian affairs, commissioners entrusted antiquity of, v, 69-70, 87-88 with, vi, 293 appropriations for, statement, 1, management of, v1, 321 564 Indian agents, suggestions regarding, mn, attitude during Revolutionary War, 531-532 VI, 279-281 Nichols] Indians (American aborigines )—Con. causes of decline, 1, 192; v1, 561-563 character, fixity of, 1, 412 characteristics of, 1, 15, 17; 1v, 354— 365 mental, m1, 326-828; v1, 507- 509 oriental, 1, 14, 15 physical, 11, 315-3835; m1, 373- 398 ; IV, 349-865 ; v, 287—292 civilization of, 1, 44-46; Iv, 357; VI, 592-594 effect on, v, 44-46; vi, 561; VI, 428-430 resistance to, v, 33-34 classed with Ethiopian race, I, ATT colonial changes affecting, v1, 235- 237 colonization, discussed, Iv, 180, 459— 475 color, iv, 361, 362; v1, 573 comparison with Asiatie races, I, 85-42 condition, at discovery, I, 54-55; uy, 26; Iv, 657-658 ; v1, 199, 567-570 amelioration of, 11, 522-525, v, 46 in 1800-1825, v1, 346-376 of colonies of, 1v, 461-463 condition and prospects of, 1, 519- 5387 ; Iv, 457-486; vi, 515-558 culture, stages in, v, 89 state of, Iv, 114-115 employment by British in war, VI, 292-296 ethnological families, two, 0, 328; VI, 595 evolution, 11, 247 exploitation, 1m, 21-22 first contact with, v1, 36-37 foods, staple, 1v, 445 heads of, described, Iv, 357 history, chronological, vi, 742-744 discussion of, vy, 129-1383 early, as shown by picture writing, 1, 3438-344 general, 111, 21-50 hunter stage, I, 44-46 improvident nature, vi, 562, 569-570 intellectual capacity and charac- ter, 11, 201-235; 1v, 251-262; v, 130-131, 243-248 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. §. INDIAN TRIBES” 95 Indians (American aborigines)—Con. investments for, statement, u, 561- 563 land rights, recognition of, v1, 320 life, in Colonial days, vi, 183-184 manners and customs, 11, 39-80 mental traits, 111, 326-328 ; v1, 507— 509 type, I, 29-48 migrations, forced, Iv, 317 misconceptions regarding, m1, 478- 480; v, 50-52 northern, compared with Aztec, v1, 595-596 origin, discussed, 111, 476-477 of name, v, 28, 57 policy toward, m1, 209-210; iv, 473- 475; v, 449-473; vi, 186, 320-322 population, total, mI, 559, 581; v, 485 protection for, problem of, Iv, 180—- 185 recommendations concerning, 457- 560 remarks on, by Benjamin Franklin, Iv, 342-345 removal to west of the Mississippi, v, 46; vi, 416-425 effect on, v, 141 of remnants of, Iv, 180 plans for, 111, 573-580; Iv, 259, 474475 ; v, 450-451 ; v1, 407—- 415 policy of, 11, 546 results of Act affecting, v, 455 retreat before white population, v, 472 southern, resources of, v1, 366 study of, by Europeans, v, 53-54 suggestions for government of, Iv, 469-470 system of management of, v, 43 territory occupied by, Iv, 357 Texas law concerning, v1, 708 treatment of, as shown by expendi- tures, 1, 545-546 unity, Iv, 353; v, 89, 289-291; v1, 573 See also Tribes, Indian. Indo-Germanie languages, traced to Hindoo race, v, 58 96 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Infanticide, among the Choctaw, v1, 524 | Inscriptions—Continued among the Creeks, v, 272 among the Dacotah, m1, 248 among the Kenistenos, v, 167 Infidelity, Apache punishment for, v, 211 Blackfeet punishment for, v, 686 Comanche punishment for, 1, 236; 11, 132 Infirm and aged people, treatment of, Iv, 56, 67, 241; v, 179 Informants, Indian, unreliability of, rir, 260 Ingersoll, C. J., m1, 383 Ingolf, v1, 742 Inheritance. See Descent. Initiation ceremony, of the Medicine society, 1m, 286-288; v, 426-433 Inlanders, a synonym of Nopeming, v, 145 Insanity, causes of, rv, 505 Indian attitude toward, tv, 49 relative immunity from, among sav- ages, IV, 505 Inscription Rock (Canada), pictographs on, I, 407 Inscription Rock (N. Mex.), expedition camped at, Iv, 384-35 pueblo on, tv, 33 Inscription Rock (Pa.), description of, Iv, 172-173 illustrations of, rv, 172, 173 location, 1v, 172 Inscription stone, 1, 121-124; v, 85 discovery of, 1, 120 illustration of, 1, 122 Inscriptions, rv, 663-664, 665 along line of migration, 1, 411 Asiatic, likened to North American, I, 424-425 Assonet, discussion of, v1, 118-114 illustrated, vr, 113 at Bellows’ Falls, Vt., illustration of, v1, 606 Cunningham’s Island, discussed, Ill, 85-87 illustrated, 111, 85, 87 Dighton Rock, 1, 108-120, 304; 1v, 117, 119-120; v1, 113-114, 609 found in New Mexico, illustrated, vi, 69 Grave Creek, compared with Phoenician, v1, 611 Instruction. See Children; Education. Intellectual capacity, and character, {Bull. 152 Icelandic and Indian, 1, 107 illustrations of, 1, 114, 119, 122, A(t IV, Lia, 201, 20s in Lapland, 1, 425-428 in Massachusetts, 1, 107-120 in Ohio Valley, 1, 124-125 in West Virginia, 1, 120-124 Lake Erie, discussed, 111, 85-87 Laplandish, illustrated, 1, 427 left by Chippewa chief, 1, 304 Monhegan Island, illustration of, vI, 611 of Tartary, account of, 1, 424 illustrated, 1, 425 on bark, 1, 338 on buffalo bone, illustrated, vi, 70 on dressed skin, illustrated, trv, 251 on rocks, discussed, 1, 107-120, 405- 407 on Seulptured Rock, 11, 87-88 on small globular stone, 1, 124-125 on tabular stone, 1, 107-125 Phoenician, illustration of, v1, 630 pictographiec, illustration of, m, 88 purposes served by, vi, 606 recording Indian exploits, 1, 414 Runie, on Baffin Bay island, rv, 119 showing Celtic characters, v, 34 Siberian, account of, I, 424 illustrated, 1, 424 spurious, I, 109 supposed Celtic, discussion of, Iv, 118 supposed Grecian, in Mississippi Valley, Iv, 116 supposed Seandinavian, m1, 540 symbols of sun in, v1, 629 See also Inscription Rock; Inscrip- tion Stone; Mnemonic devices; Pictographs ; Rock sculptures. Indian, 1, 315-480; m, 201-235; Iv, 251-262; v, 248-248 of Algonquin group, v, 81 of Appalachian group, v, 81 of California tribes, m1, 220 of Dacotahs, Iv, 70 of Iroquois, v, 81 of Oregon tribes, m1, 220 | subjects indicating, 1, 315 Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 97 Intemperance. See Intoxication. Interior Indians (Chippewas), popula- tion of, v1, 692 Intermarriage, of French and Indians, v, 529, 674, 677 of Indians and Scotch traders, v1, 345, 351 with Whites, effect of, m1, 221 Interpreters, attitude of, m1, 268 Intoxication, among the Iowas, vI, 548, 549 among the Iroquois, m1, 194 effect of, on Indians, 111, 241-242 encouraged by traders, 11, 191 Navajoes not given to, Iv, 214 unknown among Moquis, Iv, 87 See also Alcoholic liquors. Investments for Creeks, statement of, Iv, 571 Inyancheyaka-atonwan. See Little Rapids band. Tolofs, African, physical characteristics of, 1v, 363 Ionees (Jonies), m1, 403; v1, 687 dwellings, v, 682 language, v, 682, 712 location, v1, 704 705 origin tradition, v, 682 population, 1, 518; m1, 635; v, 702; VI, 687, 699, 704, 708 relations with Texans, v, 712 See also Ayenis. Iowa, population and area of, tv, 610 Iowa language, Iv, 397-406 classification, mI, 266 publications in, 1v, 549-550 reference to work on, 11, 260—261 Iowas (Ihoways, Ioways), WI, 557; v1, 452, 546, 687 ancestry of, 11, 278 and Sacs, at missions, vy, 698 appropriation for, 1, 564 census, I, 498-507; m1, 621-628 chiefs of, 01, 264-265 claim concerning origin, Iv, 227 clans, 11, 268-269 classification, 111, 267, 402 condition, general, 1v, 466 report on, vi, 548-550 De Vaca’s name for, 1, 37 fiscal statistics relating to, v1, 720, 721 funds required for, 1, 569 Iowas (lhoways, Ioways)—Con. geography of territory, 11, 270-273 history, early, 111, 261-262 in the Dacota group, 1, 37 lands, Iv, 572 ceded by, 1, 604; 11, 259 disposal of, v, 496 purchased from, 1, 599 statistics on, 11, 606 language, I11, 266, 562 linguistic affinities, 1, 248 listed as one of Seven Fires, m1, 169 location, 1, 498; 11, 585, 593; Iv, 461; v, 495; v1, 705 maps showing, Iv, 180; v1, 519 migration legend, v, 98 migration of, with map, 111, 256— 259 missionary work among, vI, 739 of Siouan stock, 1, 197 orator of, 111, 265-266 other names of, I1, 37; 01, 256, 547, 562, 566 population, 111, 258, 562, 585, 593; Iv, 466, 572; v, 495; vi, 687, 705 rank, among other tribes, m1, 266- 267 relations with the Sacs, m1, 267 removal of, 1V, 485; v, 495; v1, 536 totem, 1, 557 trade, 111, 564 trading post for, m1, 566 treaty made by, vi, 421 treaty with, v, 496, 497 tribal relations of, 11, 566; Iv, 550 villages, number of, m1, 562 victory over Osages, 1, 264 vital statistics of, m1, 258 warriors, estimates of, 111, 557, 562 See also Aijoues. Ioways. See lIowas. Trega, era of, v, 133 Trocosia, use of name, 1, 305 Iron, discovery of, in Greece, v, 88 Ironstone, magnetic, distribution of, 1, 150 Iroquoian stock. See Iroquois family. Troquois, 11, 553; vi, 687 account of, 1, 197; m1, 538-542 affinities, 1, 197 aided by corn, 11, 30 Algonquin name for, v, 193 Allegans overpowered by, v, 98 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Iroquois—Continued alliance with the Dutch, v1, 189 application of term, Iv, 616 ascendency of, Iv, 525 at Braddock’s defeat, v1, 217, 218 belief in evil spirits, Iv, 490 burial customs, m1, 193 cause of supremacy, Iv, 142 census, I, 441-457; v, 481; v1, 718 comparison with Mexican tribes, v, 107 confederation of, benefits gained by, v, 107 conquests made by, I, 197; m1, 74; v, 647 cosmogony of, v, 155-163; v1, 666— 670 councils of, vz, 189 country inhabited by, 1, 197; v1, 33- 34, 147 cranial capacity, 1, 332; 111, 250; v, 244 cranial measurements, 11, 835 ereation myth, 1, 316-317 culture, state of, v, 105 customs, m1, 193 ; vz, 57, 672-673 dance derived from Dakotahs, v1, 617 descent of chiefs of, v, 73 ; vI, 627 English aided by, v1, 209, 234 fear of, by other tribes, v1, 130, 260 female descent among, v, 73; VI, 627 five cantons of, rv, 204 fortifications against, v, 109 erected by, 1, 48; v, 110 history, v1, 188-190 in the Revolutionary War, v, 510, 513; vi, 281 land cessions made by, vi, 3238-325 last fight with Ojibwas, m1, 149 Lenni Lenapee preceded by, v, 99 linguistic affinities of, tv, 207 map showing location, 11, 28 migration, v, 98 missionary work among, VI, 735, 736, 738, 739 mythology of, v, 75 name, origin of, 111, 320; vi, 188 others for, mm, 292; Iv, 616; v, 41; v1, 130, 188, 236 of the West, population of, v1, 275 origin and spread of, v1, 33 origin legend, v, 147 [Bull. 152 Iroquois—Continued pictograpby, 1, 429 illustrated, 1, 421, 429, 430 policy toward the English, v1, 219- 220 policy toward, of American Govern- ment, VI, 325-326 population, 1, 523; v, 481; v1, 270, 275, 687, 706 position after the Revolution, vr, 324, 325 power held by, v1, 194-195 relations with the English, v1, 149, 189-190, 228 with the French, v, 147, 522- 523, 647 skulls of, shape, 11, 317 stature, Iv, 349 superior physique of, v, 243-244 supremacy over Algonquins, vi, 148 supreme deity of, 111, 511 territory dominated by, vr, 194 totemic system, Iv, 666; v, 73 totems, 111, 553 ; Iv, 204 traditions, 1, 125-126; v, 134 treaties with New York State, v1, 324 tribes composing, v1, 194 conquered by, vi, 34 war against Cherokees and Cata- bas, U1, 36 with the Andastes, vi, 139 with the Eries, 1v, 201-203 warriors, number of, 11, 553 See also Iroquois Confederacy; Five Nations ; Mingo; Nadowaig; Nautowas; Six Nations. Iroquois Confederacy, advantages of, v, 136-137 affinities, 1, 197 brief account of, 11, 36-37 changes in population, rv, 608 dissolution, v1, 310, 324 extent of influence, 111, 196 formal expedition against, v1, 308- 311 formation, 1, 197 ; 11, 36-37; v1, 484— 485 history, t11, 181-199 legend of origin, v, 157-163, 6386- 646 policy toward conquered tribes, tv, 605 Nichols] Iroquois Confederacy—Continued political organization, m1, 182-184 power, mm, 184 principles recommended to Colo- nies, 111, 183-184 resemblance to Greek council, I, 183 resemblance of U. 8. Government to, m1, 198 See also Five Nations; Six Nations. Iroquois family (group, stock), an ethnological family, 1, 343 brief account of, 11, 36-87 cranial capacity, vi, 574 measurements, II, 3385 division in, rv, 198 known by style of moccasin, mm, 66 one of seven generic families, 11, 33 tribes adopting Christianity, v, 504 composing, 111, 401 vocabularies, 11, 482-493 See also Huron or Wyandot stock; Iroquois. Iroquois language, m1, 192; v1, 190 bibliography of works in, tv, 525- bal formation of names in, v, 571 geographical names in, with deriva- tions, Iv, 381-384 sevenfold dialects of, m1, 96 supposed Greek element in, 111, 183; Iv, 117 Irvin, Rev. S. M., Indian cruelties de- seribed by, v, 650 linguistic work of, m1, 258; rv, 550 missionary labors of, m1, 256, 258 Irvin, S. M., and Hamilton, Wm., Iowa grammar prepared by, iv, 549- 550 paper by, on the Iowa and Sae tribes, 111, 259-276 Irving, Washington, vy, 101, 594 extracts from work of, 1, 309 Isanyati (Issati), a grand division of the Dacotas, 1, 248 a synonym of Dakotah, v1, 66 location, 1, 247, 248; v1, 34 origin of name, 1, 248 population, 1, 248 subdivisions, 1, 248 the Great Western family, v1, 72 Is-chaw-go-baw-kaw’s Band, census of, I, 498-507 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 99 Is far ne e marth lar, a Cussetaw Town chief, Iv, 579 Ishack, a Klamath chief, m1, 173 Ish-shu-ku, a Comanche chief, 11, 126 Island, James, A Coweta Town chief, Iv, 579 Island of the Blessed, story of, 1, 321 Islands, Absalom, a Coweta Town chief, Iv, 579 Isle Royal, Lake Superior, antiquities of, v, 111 Isleta (Isletta), 1v, 107, 216; v1, 687 population, 1, 519; 11, 633; v1, 687, 709 possible identity, rv, 34 Tigouex identified as, 1v, 39 See also Ystete. Israelites, reference to Indian descent from, III, 228 See also Hebrew origin; Jewish customs; Lost Tribes of Israel. Issati. See Isanyati. Itasca Lake, description of, 1, 147, 148 expedition to, v1, 450, 451-452 illustration of, 1, 147; v1, 452 natural history of, 1, 148 the source of the Mississippi, 1, 185 It-chit-a-bud-ah, a Comanche division, I, 128 meaning of name, 1, 128 Iten Itza, Toltee element in ruins of, v, 106 Itineraries of journeys in the Alle- ghany region, 11, 347-351 Ixistinieses Indians, tv, 555 J Jacarillas. See Jicarillas. Jack of the Feather. See Nemattanow. Jackson (Gen., President), Andrew, Iv, 630 campaign of, against the Indians, vI, 370-373 contact of, with the Indians, m1, 26 Creeks defeated by, v1, 367 extracts from message of, to Con- gress, v1, 428-430, 432-436, 477- 478 Indian affairs under, v1, 428-481 Indian war prosecuted by, v, 45-46 measurements of hair of, 111, 383 Pensacola attacked by, v1, 376 Jackson, Dr., catlinite named by, m1, 512 100 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [ Bull. 152 Jackson, John, character and death of, | Jerry, Capt., Chickasaw division of, I, Iv, 591 “Jacob Ryerson,” schooner, Hel River entered by, m1, 129, 132 Jacons (Jakon), map showing location of, 111, 96 listed as a linguistic family, 1, 402 See also Youikcones. Jakon. See Jacons. James River, naming of, v1, 96 James River region, Indians of, v, 35 Jameson, Mary, Iv, 563 Jamestown, Va., founding of, v1, 96 Janitos, a name for the Senecas, VI, 326 Jarvis, Dr., 1, 300 paper by, on Indian origin, v, 82 Javelin. See Spear. Jeesukawin, etymology of the word, 1, 388-389 the art of prophesy, I, 358 See also Jossakeed ; Jesukawin So- ciety. Jefferson, Thomas, cited on Indian ora- tory, 1, 56 cited on mounds, Iv, 125 cited on the Eries, 11, 405 cited on Virginia tribes, v, 35, 36- 37 expeditions dispatched by, vi, 349- 3852 Indian located by, v, 668 interest of, in Indian languages, II, 356; v, 53 mention of tables of, 11, 196 reply to Indian proposal, v1, 401- 402 state of tribes under, vi, 347-348 vocabulary transmitted by, 111, 292 Jegasaga. See Gegosasa. Jelish, a linguistic family, 111, 402 See also Salish. Jemez (Pueblo de Jemez), Hemez iden- tified as, Iv, 39 language, v, 689 population, 1, 519 See also Hemez; Hernes; Jenies. Jenbocas, Iv, 561 Jenies, vi, 687 population, m1, 633; v1, 687, 709 See aiso Jemez. Jenoniswani, service rendered by, Iv, 325 508 Jeskakake, vi, 214 Jessup, Maj. Gen., vI, 476, 477, 479 reference to proclamation of, 1, 281 Jesuit missionaries, among the Neutral Nation, tv, 205, 206, 207 labors of, v, 647, 699 Jesuit missions. See Society of Jesus. Jesuits, French, missionary labors of, V1, 734, 735 Jesukawin Society, assembling of, in Spring, 0, 56 See also Jeesukawin. Jetam, Soshawnese, or Snake, popula- tion of, 111, 609 Jewish customs, compared with Musco- gee, I, 272 resemblance, to Indian, 1, 39, 261 Jewish descent of Indians. See Hebrew origin. Jicarillas (Jacarillas, Jicarilla Apaches, Jicorillas), vI, 687 and others, population of, v, 484 Apache band, vy, 203, 689 brief account of, 1, 243 chief of, v, 206 country occupied by, Iv, 216, 217 included with Apaches, vi, 686 mention of dialect of, v, 203 population, 1, 248, 245, 519 range, v, 206 ruins in range of, v, 208 Jim Boy, of Cleu wathta Town, tv, 575 Jiraras, location of, m1, 533 Joe, Rogue River Chief, claims of, m1, 155 Jogues, v1, 734 Johnson, Adams, paper by, on languages of California, 1v, 406-415 report by, on Sacramento Valley Indians, vI, 710 vocabularies furnished by, 11, 405 Johnson, Capt., land granted to, v, 285 Johnson, Guy, activities of, during Rey- olutionary War, VI, 282, 283 Johnson, John, Hsq., reference to chil- dren of, v1, 464 Johnson, Sir John, battle of forces un- der, vi, 309 commander at siege of Fort Stan- wikx, vI, 292 flight to Canada, vi, 278, 283 Nichols] Johnson, Sir John—Continued foray led by, on Schoharie Valley, v1, 314 on Mohawk Valley, v1, 313 retreat from Fort Stanwix, vi, 290 Johnson, M. H., statistics furnished by, vi, 718 Johnson, P. O., attempt of, to establish mission, v, 188 Johnson, Col. Richard, v1, 363 Johnson, Hon. Robert, v, 450 Johnson, Dr. Samuel, v1, 510 Johnson, Rev. William, missionary lab- ors of, vi, 5438-544 Johnson, Sir William, v, 109, 512, 525; VI, 256, 404 ability and influence of, v1, 282 activities, among the Indians, VI, 252-253 attempt to capture Crown Point, v1, 220 authority in Indian affairs, v1, 216 census undertaken by, vi, 270 council held by, vi, 182-133, 252, 253 death of, v1, 278, 282 grant to, m1, 99 Indian population estimated by, v1, 272 influence with Iroquois, v1, 209-211 mention of work of, vI, 237 policy of, Iv, 481; v1, 223-224, 267- 268 speech to the Indians, v1, 225-226, 229-231, 235 war prosecuted by, v1, 234 Johnson, U. 8. Agent, vocabulary by, n, 494 Johnson Hall, capture by revolution- ists, VI, 278, 283 Johnson’s Straits, Indians of, v, 488 Johnston, Adam, Bonaks described by, Iv, 221 Johnston, George, m1, 85 tradition supplied by, 1, 302 translations by, m1, 419; rv, 534 vocabulary by, 11, 458 Johnston, Miss Jane, v1, 566 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 101 Johnston, John, brief account of, m1, 546 letters of, 11, 522-525 quoted on the Shawanoes, 1, 19 trading establishment of, vi, 398 version of Indian war-song by, v, 526-527 Johnston, W., vocabulary by, 0, 458 Joliet, Sieur, v, 108 explorations of, v, 648 Jomard, M., v, 88 characters identified by, 1, 107 mention of theory of, v, 396 opinion of, on inscription, 1, 122 suggestion made by, v, 86 Jones, C. C., acknowledgment to, 111, 376 Jones, D. R. Floyd, petition signed by, m1, 618 Jones, Rey. Evan, tv, 385 Jones, John, translation by, Iv, 531, 532 Jones, Rey. Peter, work of, Iv, 531-535 Jones, Capt. Robert M., rv, 583 Joques, Father, reference to murder of, VI, 139 Jordan, A. L., petition signed by, 111, 618 Jornado del Muerto, disappearing river near, Iv, 34 José Marie, chief of Ionies and others, v, 712 Jossakeed or seer, classification, 11, 223-— 224 explanation of functions, v, 445 office of, I, 359, 413; Iv, 492 performance at lodge of, rv, 491; v, 421-423 power and functions of, v, 405, 422, 423, 445 secret society of, v, 71 See also Jugglers; Meda; Priests; Prophets. Journal of Caleb Swan, v, 253-255 Judith River, tribes of, v1, 698 Jugglers, activities of, rv, 495 harm done by, rv, 6387 influence of, 11, 189 methods in curing the sick, m1, 180- 181, 198-199 See also Priests; Magicians. Jullien, John, treaty concluded by, v, 677 Jumanos. See Humanos. Jumbuicrariri, map showing location of, m, 96 102 Jumonville, defeat of, v1, 215 Juparivi, population of, 1, 519 K Kaadg ett ee, a Stikeen River tribe, v, 489 census, v, 489 Kaas ka qua tee, a Stikeen River tribe, v, 489 census, v, 489 Kabaun, a mythological character, v, 409 Kadapaws, probably the Catawbas, 111, 292 Ka-da-wa-be-da, brief biography of, 1, 160-161 Kadiac Island, classification of language of, m1, 401 Kadohadacho. See Cadrons. Kagonamok, Mandan chief, m1, 249 Kagwatosa’s Band, census of, 1, 458-467 Kah-da-waub-e-da, peace mission of, 1, 158 Kahkwas. See Kahquas. Kah lis pelm. See Kullas Palus, Kahokias. See Cahokias. Kah-po-sia (Kaposia, Ka-po-sia), 11, 167 aims of mission at, v, 697 origin of name, , 171 See also Little Crow’s band. Kahquas (Kahkwas), conquered by Senecas, Iv, 606 possible identity of, m1, 290, 291; Iv, 197 Seneca name for Andastes, 11, 290, 291 Seneca name for ries, v1, 149 Kahruk, application of name, m1, 151 Kahtai, a S’klallam band, v, 703 location, v, 703; v1, 703 population, v, 491, 703; v1, 703 Kahuncles, location, 11, 571 population, 111, 571 Kah-win-dum-a-win-so, chief of Sandy Lake band, m1, 161 Kaigani. See Ky gargey. Kainah. See Blood Indians. Kai-na-meah (Kai-no-meahs), tion to removal, m1, 112 territory of, 111, 102 Kaipetl (tribe), a Klamath River tribe, iI, 634 opposi- BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Kai-pet] (village), burning of, m, 139 on Klamath River, 1, 138 Kaisun. See Kish a win. Kai-zhe-osh, Chief, mention of, 1, 419 Ka-kaik-o-gwun-na-osh, Chief, mention of, 1, 419 Kake Indians, census, v, 489 language, v, 489 Kakwas, members of Brie league, 11, 344 Kalapooian family. See Kalapuya. Kalapooyahs. See Kalapuya. Kalapuya (Kalapooyahs), a linguistic family, m1, 402 head flattening among, 11, 326 See also Calapooya. Kalawatset. See Killawatts. Kalispel. See Calapelins; Coospellar; Kullas Palus; Pend d’Oreilles; Ponderas. Ka-manito-wee, mm, 366 meaning of name, 1m, 366 Kamantowit, Algonquin god, 1, 286; v, 39 analysis of words, v, 39 Kamiah. See Kimooenim band. Kanadaseagea, former Indian name of Geneva, N. Y., v1, 310 Kanawaga, a name for the St. Law- rence, VI, 33 tribes on, v1, 301 Kanchati. See Ecumchate. Kancho, an Athapascan tribe, m1, 542 population, 11, 28 Kandouche (Kandoucho), a town of the Neutral Nation, Iv, 206, 207 Kaninahoick, country occupied by, 10, 596 population, rm, 596, 609 See also Arapaho. Kansa, given as a synonym of Arkansas (State), m1, 5387 Kansa. See Kansas tribe. Kansas River, map of, 1, 159 Kansas (Kanzas) Territory, data on land of, v, 501 Delawares in, v, 142 tribes, condition of, v1, 586-551 description, v, 485 indigenous to, vI, 536 transferred to, v1, 536 Nichols] Kansas (Kansies, JKanzas, Kanzes, Kasas) tribe, 11, 557 ; vi, 423, 522, 687 affiliations, Iv, 550 appropriations for, 11, 564 classification, 1, 197; 11, 402 condition, general, v1, 543 description, Iv, 467 De Soto in the range of, m0, 35 fiscal statistics relating to, v1, 720, 722, 123 French relations with, v1, 237 funds required for, 1, 569 identical with Cayas, Iv, 310 indigenous to Kansas, VI, 536 lack of advancement, Iv, 485 lands of, 1v, 572 ceded by, 0, 603; v, 451; v1, 459 purchased from, 11, 599 statistics on, 1, 605 location, 111, 577, 594; rv, 461, 486; v, 495; vi, 410, 705 map showing, 111, $6; v1, 519 manner of living, v1, 481 map showing colony of, tv, 180 migration legend of, v, 98 population, I, 523; 11, 480, 594, 609; Iv, 572; v, 495; v1, 687, 705 tin ore obtained by, 1, 158, 159 See also Canses; Kaws; Okanis. Kansas Valley, mineral resources of, ina lay Kansies. See Kansas tribe. Kanzas Agency, tribes embraced in, rv, 466 Kanzas Half-Breed Tract, extent of, v, 496 Kanzas province, sought by De Soto, m1, 50 Kanzas schools, investments for, 0, 562 Kanzas tribe. See Kansas tribe. Kanzes. See Kansas tribe. Kados, name for Cahokia, 111, 354 Kapahas (Kiapaha), Classification of, Iv, 321 De Soto’s encounter with, vi, 66 identified as Quappas, Iv, 310, 591; v, 98, 495 See also Quapaw. Kaposia, Ka-po-sia. See Kah-po-sia. Kapozha. See Kah-po-sia; Little Crow’s band. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 103 Ka-quaith(s), a S’klallam band, v, 703 location, v, 703; vi, 703 population, v, 491, 703; vi, 703 Kaquatka, stronghold of the Eries, Iv, 200, 201 supposed location of, Iv, 201 the modern Buffalo, iv, 200 Karamee, Chief, m1, 281 Karankawa. See Carankoways. Karok. See Kahruk; Pehtsik. Karrakonta, Chief, v, 164 Kasas. See Kansas tribe. Kasihta. See Cassita town; Cussetaw; Cussitahs. Kaskaias, country occupied by, m1, 596 listed as a linguistic family, 111, 402 population, 111, 596, 609 Kaskakoedi. See Kaaskaquatee. Kaskaski. See Kaskaskias. Kaskaskia language, an Algonquin dia- lect, 11, 341 Kaskaskia River, reference to tumuli on, Iv, 128 Kaskaskia (town), capture of, by Gen. Clarke, v1, 302-303 remains of, Iv, 135 trading post at, v1, 185, 196, 269 Kaskaskias (Kaskaski, Kaskaskies, Kaskasquias), v1, 687 and others, dwelling grounds of, vi, 714 fiscal statistics on, v1, 721, 723 hunting grounds of, vi, 714 annuities of, m1, 584, 588, 589 classification, 11, 36; v, 145 condition, general, Iv, 467, 468 report on, VI, 547 creation myth, Iv, 135-136 descendants of Illinese, 1, 59; vy, 192 descendants of mound-builders, Iv, 135 De Soto among, II, 50; vi, 66 division of the Illinese, v, 41 friendly to the French, vI, 237 lands of, tv, 572 ceded by, 11, 603 claimed by, 11, 584 disposal of, v, 496 permanently granted to, v, 457 purchased from, 11, 593, 598, 600 statistics on, uO, 605 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 104 Kaskaskias—Continued location, 111, 559, 584, 593; Iv, 461; vi, 33, 705, 714 maps showing, UI, 96; Iv, 180; vi, 519 missionary work among, VI, 734, 735 peace sought by, vi, 343 Pontiac’s death charged to, 0, 308 population, I, 523; 11, 584, 593; Iv, 572; vi, 272, 687, 705, 714 removal, Vi, 516, 536 plans for, 111, 576, 577 tradition of, vz, 600 treaty with, v, 496, 497, 499 warriors, estimate of, 11, 555, 559 See also Peorias and Kaskaskias. Kaskaskies. See Kaskaskias. Kaskasquias. See Kaskaskias. Katakas, treaty with, v1, 489 Katawabata, brief account of, m1, 360 Katawabeda, Chief, 1, 142; v1, 386 Kateadi. See Kaadgettee. Katch ar tus tun nuck ee, a Coweta Town chief, tv, 579 Kathlamet, mentioned as Spokans, V1, 687 See also Cathlamet. Kathlaminimin. See Clannarmin- namuns. Kathlamit. See Cathlamet. Katimin. See Sche-woh. Kato. See Baten-da-kai-ee. Kaucamagus, Chief, v, 237 Kauhuk. See Kahuncles. Kaukanauka, Cusic’s name for Kienuka (q. Vv.) Iv, 199 Kauweh, a village and tribe on Klamath River, 111, 188, 634 Kaukwas, a tribe of the Neutral Nation, 1, 86 Kaunaumeek, missionary work at, v1, 734 Kawchodinne. See Hare Indians; Kan- cho. Kawia. See Cah-wee-os. Kawita. See Canitas; Caouitas; Cowe- tas. Kaws, French nickname for Kanzas, v, 495 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Kaws, ete.—Continued Pawnees attacked by, Iv, 593 See also Kansas. Kay, Alexander, death of, 111, 369 voyage of, 111, 355-369 Kay, W., m1, 353 Kayaguas (Kayugas, Kayuguas), brief account of, 1, 244 population, 1, 245, 519 See also Kiowas. Kayashata, Seneca chief, tv, 269, 270, 272, 273, 278 Kayugas, Kayuguas. See Kayaguas. Kearns, Mr., Coronado’s march charted by, v1, 71 See also Kern, Richard H. Kearny, Brig. Gen., reference to, I, 242 Keawas, country occupied by, 111, 596 population, m1, 596, 609 See also Kiowas. Kebiks, meaning of name, v, 40 See also Montagnais. Ke-che-ba-be-se-gun-dib-a, 11, 159 brief biography of, m, 161-162 Ke-che-waub-ish-ash, an Ojibwa war- rior, 1, 157 exploit of, 1, 165 Kechies. See Keechies. Kee ches, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487 census, v, 487 Keechies (Kechies, Kitchies, Koechies), I, 237; 111, 403; v1, 687 and others, location, v1, 705 population, v1, 705 population, 1, 518; 11, 635; v, 702; vi, 687, 699, 708 Kee chum a kar lo, a Skeena River tribe, v, 487 census, Vv, 487 Keek heat la, census of, v, 487 location, v, 487 Keeler, Mr., antiquities belonging to, 0, 90-91 Keen ath toix, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487 census, v, 487 Kee tah hon neet, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 Keewaygooshkum, treaty discussed by, VI, 395 Keissnautchta, at conference with Col. Bouquet, vi, 261 Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 105 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Kekeenowin (kekenowin, ke-kee-(no)- | Kenistenos—Continued Wins, ke-ke-no-win-un), best ex- amples of pictographic art, v1, 606 pictographs of instruction, 1, 351, 861, 382, 405 prophetic devices, 1, 113 See also Kekeewin. Kekeewin (kekewin), explanation of the term, I, 46, 112, 338, 351, 382, 405; v, 76, 245; v1, 605-606 inscriptions in symbolic character of, rv, 119, 1203; v1, 605 See also Kekeenowin. Kelelimand, chief, v, 141 Kelistenos. See Kenistenos. Kellbuck, treaty signed by, v1, 303 Kelsey, Andrew, murder of, 11, 109 Kelsey, Benjamin, 111, 155, 161, 167, 170, 173 guide of expedition, mn, 133 information supplied by, 111, 108 Kel ut sah, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487 census, v, 487 Kemble, G., petition signed by, m1, 618 Kemp, Jackson, Iv, 583 Kenabeca, listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Kenabik, a type of evil, Iv, 664 Kenai, classification of, m1, 401 Ken chen Kieg, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487 census, v, 487 Kendrick, Francis Patrick, report on missions, v, 699 Kenhulka, a Creek town, v, 262 Kenisteno, Chief, 1, 418 Kenistenos (Kelistenos, Killisteneaux), a name for the Cree, v, 41; v1, 205, 686 beliefs of, v, 172 ceremony of, vI, 627 clothing of, v, 165-166 customs of, v, 166-171 distinct dialect of, m1, 358 general account of, v, 164-172 language of, v, 164 migrations, reference to, 1, 32 origin and meaning of the name, v, 145, 164 physical characteristics of, v, 165, 166 sacred fire ceremonies of, v, 65-66 territory occupied by, v, 164-165; VI, 33 warriors, estimate of, m1, 556 See also Cree Indians. Kennebec, v1, 174 Kennebec (Kennebeck) River, discovery of ruins on, vi, 608 Indians living on, v, 218 Kenouchamek, speech by, at council with Pontiac, 11, 284-285 Kenrick, Archbishop Francis P., cited on Catholic missions, v, 503 report on missions, v, 699 Kentucky, a neutral war-ground, vi, 32 admission to the Union, v1, 393 character of settlers in, m1, 342 emigration to, 111, 346 Indians of, 1, 300-301; v1, 32 journal of journey to, m1, 337-346 population and area of, Iv, 610 project for settlement of, vir, 263- 264 Keokuk, Fox chief, 111, 281 stature of, Iv, 349 Keowe, reference to sepulchre at, v, 115 Ke par yar tus tun nuck ee, chief at Eufaula, tv, 580 Kepel. See Kai-petl. Keresan. See Chu-cha-cas; Kes-whaw- hay. Kern, Benjamin, mention of death of, Iv, 597 Kern, HE. M., Indian customs described by, v, 649-650 Kern, Richard H., map by, of Coro- nado’s route, Iv, 39 murder of, by Indians, Iv, 551, 597 opinion on Coronado’s route, Iv, 24, 382 pictographs copied by, Iv, 254 quoted on pictographs, tv, 253 reference to work of, Iv, 597 Kerokias, number of warriors of, I, 555 See also Cahokias. Kershaws, reference to extinct dialect of, 11, 344 See also Catawba. Kes-whaw-hay language, Pueblos speak- ‘ing, v, 689 Ket an dou, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487 census, v, 487 106 Ke-taw-kah, murder by, of Dr. Madison, m1, 279 Ke toon ok shelk, a tribe of Nass In- dians, v, 487 census, v, 487 Kettel and Moore, Messrs., 11, 384 Kettle band, a Titon division, 111, 629 Kettle Falls Indians, map showing lo- cation of, 11, 200 population, 1, 521 See also Colville. Ke-tun-e-see, a Comanche chief, v, 683 Ket wilk ci pa, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487 eensus, v, 487 Kewywenon, 111, 367 Khabenapo. See Habe-napo. Khemnichan. See Hamine-chan; Red Wing band. Khesetoa, a town of the Neutral Na- tion, Iv, 207 Ki a li ge, an Upper Creek town, tv, 578 Kiamulga, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Kiantwauka, Indian name of Cornplan- ter, vi, 326 Kiapaha. See Kapahas. Kiataws, brief description of, m1, 88 See also Coyoteros. Kiaways, listed as a linguistie family, iI, 402 See also Kiowas. Kichai. See Hitchies; Keechies. Kickapoo language, an Algonquin di- alect, 11, 341 Kickapoos, m1, 278; vi, 452, 687 agricultural labor, v1, 481 alliance with Menomonie, 1, 304 and others, dwelling grounds, v1, 714 hunting grounds, vi, 714 population, v1, 714 annuities of, m1, 587, 589 census, 1, 488-497; m1, 621-628 classification, 11, 36; 111, 401; v, 145 condition, after removal, vi, 542, 544 general, tv, 466 fiscal statistics relating to, v1, 721, (PR French relations with, vi, 237 funds required for, 1, 569 hunting grounds, vi, 714 intruders in Texas, 1, 240 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Kickapoos—Continued lands of, 1v, 572 ceded by, 11, 608 claimed by, 11, 585 conveyed permanently to, v, 457 purchased from, mm, 593, 595, 598, 660 statistics on, It, 605 location, 1, 488; 111, 559, 585, 592; Iv, 461; v, 495; vi, 705, 714 map showing, m1, 96; Iv, 180; vI, 519 Miamies aided by, v1, 335 missionary work among, VI, 740 name, discussion of, Iv, 256 supposed meaning of, v, 40 synonomy, v, 41 peace sought by, vi, 343, 364 population, 1, 523; 111, 585, 592, 609, 610; Iv, 572; v, 495; v1, 272, 687, 705, 714 relations with Mascoutins, Iv, 245; vI, 204 removal, v, 495; vi, 536 condition after, v1, 542, 544 plans for, 111, 576, 577 reservation ceded by, v1, 397 supposed identity, v, 495 traditional origin, Iv, 255 treaty with, v, 496, 497, 499; vz, 380, 445 war with Chickasaws, I, 311 warriors, number of, 11, 554, 555, 559; vi, 271 See also Kicopoux. Kick sa tee, a Stikeen River tribe, v, 489 census, v, 489 Kickuallis Indians, language of, rv, 600 location of, Iv, 598 population of, tv, 598 See also Kikiallis. Kicopoux, a form of the name Kickapoo, Iv, 256 totems of, m1, 554 See also Kickapoos. Kidder, Frederic, vocabulary prepared by, v, 690 Kidnapping of Indians, 1, 20, 35-86 739, Nichols] Kienuka (Kinuka), an Erie village, VI, 148 location of, Iv, 199; v1, 148 mention of, m1, 290; v1, 185 Kigaschuta, a Seneca chief, vi, 261 speech made by, vI, 262 Kikatsik. See O-de-eilah. Kikiallis (Kikialis) Indians, location, v, 704; v1, 703 population, v, 491, 704; vi, 703 See also Kickuallis. Kikiallis River, tribe on, vi, 703 Kikiallu. See Kickuallis; Kikiallis. Kiksadi. See Kicksatee. Kilamukes. See Killamucks. Kil ca tah, a division of the Sabassas, v, 487 census, v, 487 Kilelimand, Iv, 614 Kiliga Town, a Creek town, Iv, 576 chiefs of, Iv, 576 Killamuck language, nations speaking, i, 571 Killamucks (Kilamukes, Killamuks, Killemooks), 111, 224; v1, 687 head-flattening among, I, 326 location, m1, 201, 571 Lower, classification of, m1, 402 population, 1, 521; m1, 201, 571, 609; vi, 687 Upper, classification of, mm, 402 See also Tillamooks. Killamuks. See Killamucks. Killawatts, location of, 111, 571 population, m1, 571 Killaxthocles (Killaythocles), location OL, Tir OL population of, m1, 571, 609 Killaythocles. See Killaxthocles. Killeegko, a Creek town, v, 262 Killemooks. See Killamucks. Killers, a synonym of Kenistenos (q. v.), v, 145 Killisteneaux. See Kenistenos. Kilutsai. See Kel ut sah. Kimi-ke-chawgon, or Big Nose, signa- ture of, 11, 226 Kimooenim band, location of, 11, 570 population, 111, 570 Kimsquit. See Kui much qui toch. Kinagingeeg. See Kenchen Kieg. 936706—54-—_8 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “UY. §. INDIAN TRIBES” 107 Kin a wa lax, a tribe of Nass Indians, v, 487 census, v, 487 “King,” Indian, use of the title by early writers, m1, 41 King Hagler, assassination of, 11, 295 effect of death of, 11, 295 King Hendrick (Hendric), concerning, Iv, 481 at battle of Lake George, v1, 287 brief description, v1, 220 death, v, 44; vi, 281 Gen. Johnson aided by, v1, 220 Indian name of, vi, 220 portrait of, v1, 220 present at conference, v, 667 King Philip, tv, 631; v, 121; v1, 173 a Pokanoket, v, 130 character and ability, v1, 172 death, vi, 171 description, v1, 151 Indian name of, v1, 115 origin of name, vi, 115 tribal position, Iv, 481 See also King Philip’s War; Pome- tacom. King Philip’s War, account of, v1, 153- 172 results, I, 287 Kingsborough, Lord, mention of theory of, v, 396 reference to collection of, v1, 604, 605, 646 suggestion made by, v, 86 Kingsbury, Rev. C., quoted on the Choc- taws, Iv, 586; vI, 524-525 King’s River, Indian population at, VI, 715 vocabulary from, Iv, 413-414 King’s River Reservation, report on conditions at, v1, 716 Kinjockety, Susan, mention of family of, vi, 718 Kinkla Indians, location, m1, 201 population, m1, 201 Kinnard, Jack (John), v, 254, 256 account of, v, 260-261 Kinship. See Relationship. Kinuhtoiah. See Keen ath toix. Kinuka. See Kienuka. Kinzie, Mr., the patriarch of Chicago, Iv, 193 anecdote 108 Kiowa Apache. takas. Kiowas (Kioways), Iv, 469; v1, 687, 708 location, v1, 705 map showing, 11, 96 Pawnees attacked by, Iv, 593 population, 1, 518, 523; v1, 687, 705, 708 treaty with, vr, 489 See also Kayaguas; Keawas; Kia- ways. Kipp, James, vocabulary collected by, Tit, 252, 446 Kirkland, Charles P., petition signed by, m1, 618 Kirkland, Samuel, v, 506, 520; v1, 312, 321 influence among Oneidas, v, 512-513 missionary labors of, v, 515; vi, 277, 734, 736 Kish a win, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Kish-kemanisee, 1, 304 Kishpachlaots. See Kispachalaidy. Kiskokans, a branch of the Ottowas, III, 554 Kispachalaidy, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487 census, V, 487 Kit a hon, a tribe of Nass Indians, v, 487 census, v, 487 Kitamat. See Kittamaat. Kitch a elalth, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487 census, Vv, 487 Kitchies. See Keechies. Kite Indians. See Marlain. Kit ha teen, a tribe of Nass Indians, v, 487 census, v, 487 Kithlipecanuk town, location of, v1, 335 Kitkahta. See Kilcatah. Kitkatla. See Keek heat la. Kitlakdamix. See Kin a wa lax. Kit lan, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487 census, V, 487 Kitlani. See Kit lan. Kit lope, a division of the Sabassas, v, 487 census, V, 487 Kitsalthlal. See Kitch a clalth. Kit se lai so, a Skeena River tribe, v, 487 census, v, 487 See Kaskaias; Ka- BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Kit ta maat, a division of the Sabassas, v, 487 census, Vv, 487 Kituanaha, a linguistic family, m1, 402 Kitunaha tribe, population of, v, 707 Kitunahan Family. See Kituanaha. Kitunto. See Ket an dou. Kitwilgioks. See Kit will coits. Kitwilksheba. See Ketwilkcipa. Kit will coits, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487 census, v, 487 Kitwinshilk. See Ke toon ok shelk. Kitzeesh. See Kee ches. Kitzilas. See Kitselaiso. Kiyuksa. See Ku-ux-aws; Wabushaw band. Klamath Indians (Klamets), applica- tion of name, 11, 138 condition, 11, 152 location, 111, 201; v, 493 maps showing, 111, 96, 200 population, 111, 201; v, 493 war of extermination against, m1, 210 See also Clamets; Klamath River tribes. Klamath Reservation, conditions at, vI, qalirg population, vr, 715 Klamath River, description of, m1, 135- 137 Klamath River tribes, detailed account of, 1, 138-144 list of, m1, 634 population, m1, 138, 156, 634 villages, 111, 138 Klatsops. See Clatsops. Klatsop language, brief vocabulary of, Tir, 223-224 Klen ee kate language, tribes speaking, v, 489 Klikatats, population, v, 490, 705, 707; v1, 700 Klikitat. See Clickatats; Klikatats; Vancouvers. Kloo. See Cloo. Klumaitumsh. See Clamoctomichs. Kluneolux, evil spirit of the Iroquois, v1, 630 Knife cases, ornamented, illustration of, 1, 561 See also Knives. Nichols] Knife handle, illustration of, rv, 175 Knife Hills, country of, described, rv, 296-299 Knistenaux (Knistenos, 11, 539 classification, mm, 401 eolor of hair, 11, 322 enemies of the Chippewyans, v, 176 population, 11, 593 tattooing among, v, 216 See also Cree Indians. Knistenos. See Knistenaux. Knistinaux. See Knistenaux. Knives, materials used in making, 1, 92 Peruvian bronze, iv, 439-440 Shoshonee, obsidian, 1, 213 See also Knife cases ; Knife handle. Knox, opinion, regarding Peruvian skulls, 11, 326 Knox, Gen. Henry (See. of War), v, 667; v1, 338 letter to, from Caleb Swan, v, 251-— 252 treaties negotiated by, vi, 382, 404 Koasati. See Coosadas; Coshattas; Cush-eh-tah. Koechies. See Keechies. Koeksotenok. See Quick sut i nut. Koetenay or Skaisi, map showing loca- tion of, 111, 200 See also Kutenai. Ko ho mut ki garts kar, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Kokaitk. See Kokwaiytoch. Kok wai y toch, a Milbank Sound tribe, v, 487 census, v, 487 Koluschan family. See Koulischen. Koluschan Janguage. See Klen ee kate language. Komkyutis. See Cum que kis. Komoyue. See Quee he Qna colt. Konie (Konick), mentioned as Spokans, VI, 687 population, 1, 521 Ko nip pe e marth lar, a Thlakatch ka chief, Iv, 579 Konteka, Chippewa chief, made by, rv, 142 - Koo-che-ta-kers, a Comanche division, i, 128 meaning of name, 11, 128 Knistinaux), assertion INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 109 Koog-ay-ray-kaw’s Band, census of, 1, 498-507 Kook a tee, a Stikeen River tribe, y, 489 census, v, 489 Koolsaticara (Koolsatik-ara), v1, 687 population, 1, 522 See also Kotsoteka. Kootenais (Kootoonais), v1, 699 population, v, 707 See also Kutenai. Koquathaheelon, influence used by, vi, 300-301 treaty signed by, vi, 303 Kose-tah, a Shaste Valley band, 111, 171 Koskimo. See Kus ke mu. Kosotshe. See Luckkarso. Kkotch ar har jo, chief at Chehawah, rv, 580 Kotsoteka. See Cools-on-tick-ara ; Koo- che-ta-ker's ; Koolsaticara. Kotzebue’s Sound, classification of lan- guage of, m1, 401 Koulischen, a linguistic family, mr, 402 Koutaines, vi, 700 See also Kutenai. Kow welth, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Kueha. See Quie ha Ne cub ta. Kuhlanapo. See Hula-napo; Kula-napo. Kui much qui toch, a Milbank Sound tribe, v, 487 census, Vv, 487 Kukunshawinin, an Ojibwa war leader, Ir, 155 Kula-napo, a Clear Lake band, m1, 421 See also Hula-napo. Kula-napo language, vocabulary of, II, 428-434 Kullas Palus (Kahlispelm), tion of, v, 707 See also Kalispel. Kunaloa, meaning of name, Iv, 490 Kun-de-kund, Chief, 1, 418, 419 Kus ke mu, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 489 census, v, 489 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” popula- Kutauwa. See Neeketoos. Kutehin. See Loo-choos. Kutenai. See Contamis; Cootenays; Cotonay ; Coutaria; Koetenay or Skaisi; Kootenais; Koutaines. 110 Ku-ux-aws, a Yankton band, 11, 169 territory occupied by, 1, 169 Kwaiailk. See Staktamish. Kwakiutl. See Quacolth. Kwalhioqua. See Quillequaquas; Quil- lequegaws; Quilleoueoquas. Kwisind, power of, 1, 82 Kwatami. See Quahtoma; Saquaacha. Kwehtlmamish. See N’quutl-ma-mish. Kweundlas. See Quiahanless. Kworatem. See Quoratem. Kwusathlkhuntunne. See Cosulhentan. Ky gargey Indians, v, 489 census of, v, 489 division, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 L La Barre, v, 121; v1, 190 Laboise, Mr., 11, 264 Labor, among Apachees, v, 695 among Comanches, 11, 132 among Dakotas, 1, 188 attitude toward, 11, 188, 548; rv, 67, 68, 461; v1, 508, 566 combined, evidence of, 11, 31 division of, 11, 68-64, 132, 188; 11, 191, 211, 235; rv, 221-222 of Aztec women, tv, 444 of Creek women, Vv, 274, 275 of Massachusetts Indians, 1, 285 of Navajo women, Iv, 214, 217 voluntary nature of, m, 64 Labrador, classification of language of, 1, 401 Labrosse, M., 11, 273 La Butte, M., interpreter at siege of De- troit, 11, 247, 279 negotiation, with Indians, 1, 255, 256, 257 Labyrinth, described by Pimas, 111, 305 illustration of, tr, 305 Laclede, Maxan, and Co., v, 186 Lac-qui-Parle, mission at, v, 697 Ladies of the Sacred Heart, missionary work of, v, 699 Laek que lib la, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 Lafitau, quoted on Indian mentality, It, 55 La Fraumbois, Miss Madeline, v1, 566 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 | Lagard, Father, death of, v1, 647 Laguna (pueblo), Iv, 216 description, Iv, 75-76 illustration showing, Iv, 72 language, v, 689 population, 1, 519; m1, 6383 Laguna Pueblos, v1, 687 population, vi, 687, 709 Lahanna, location, 11, 572 population, 11, 572, 609 Lahontan, Baron, reference to argu- ments of, v, 524 travels of, 1, 186 Lake Athabasca, Indians of, v, 172 Lake Calhoun Band, a Medawakanton band, 111, 613 census, I, 498-507 Lake Champlain, Indians of, v1, 147 Lake Coshkinong, headquarters of Black Hawk, vi, 453 Lake Erie, antiquities of, 11, 85-88 called Okswago, Iv, 382 fort commanding, vi, 198 inscription on island in, v1, 605-606 tribes of, v, 187; v1, 714 Lake George, battle at, v1, 287 naming of, v1, 220 Lake Harriet, school at, v, 697 Lake Huron, arrival at, of the French, vi, 206 former name of, vi, 201, 202 forts commanding, vr, 198 origin of name, Iv, 382-383 remains on island in, 1, 102-103 tribes of, vi, 33, 204, 714 Lake Huron Chippewas, census of, I, 458-467 Lake Huron island, Indian name for, Iv, 491 Lake Indians (Chippewas), population of, v1, 692 Lake Itasca. See Itasca Lake. Lake Julia, naming of, 1, 143 Lake Michigan, basin of, 1v, 193 forts commanding, vi, 198 Indians of, v, 191; v1, 33, 206, 714 origin of name, v, 191 Lake Nepissing, Indians of, v, 148; v1, 33 Lake of the Woods, Indians of, v1, 33, 205 Nichols] Lake Ontario, forts commanding, VI, 198 Indian name of, Iv, 382 tribes dwelling on, v1, 714 Lake, refractions of light at, 1, 172 Lake St. Clair, tribes on, vi, 33 See also Lake Sinclair. Lake Sinclair, probable origin of name, VI, 256 Lake Superior, copper mining in region of, 1, 95-100 effect on, of geological action, 1, 167-168 forts commanding, v1, 198 geology of region, 1v, 190-192 Indians of, v, 143, 184; v1, 34, 714 physical features, Iv, 187 surveys in region of, Iv, 190 Lake Tezcoco, founding of Aztee capital in, v, 96 Lake Winnebago, Stockbridges on, VI, 504 Lake Winnebigoshish band, annuities paid to, vi, 723 Lake Winnepek, tribes on, vi, 33 Lake Winnepesaukee, Indian fishing place at, v, 225, 226 Lake Winnibeegish, Indians of, v, 185 Lake Winnipeg, evacuated by the Sioux, rr, 151 Lakes, North American, geological ac- tion of, 1, 166-172 Lakmiut. See Suchamier. Lallemand, vi, 734 Lallemant, Pére Jerome, quoted on In- dian mentality, 11, 56 “Lama Virginia,’ arrival of, at Hum- boldt Bay, m1, 131 Lamberville, Father (missionary), In- dian name of, v1, 141 quoted on Indian warfare, v1, 144 Lamy, Bishop (Joseph), v, 689, 699 Lancaster, Mass., attack on, by Indians, vI, 164 Lancaster, Pa., Indian treaty made at, vI, 1386 Lances, described, 1, 78 use of, in buffalo hunt, Iv, 96 Land, amount of, required for Indian family, 1, 188; v, 485 beliefs concerning ownership of, 1, 194; v, 458 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 111 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Land—Continued Creek attitude toward, I, 277 rights to, 1, 224; m1, 131 Land cessions, by Indians in Illinois and Michigan, v1, 3938-395 See also under tribal names. Lands, Indian, absorption of, rv, 180 acreage of, m1, 581 amount, ceded by Indians, m1, 94 area of, estimated, rv, 459 total, rv, 183 boundaries, adjustment of, v1, 455-— 456 changes in, v, 121, 122 claimed by Indian tribes, m1, 583- 586 colonists’ policy regarding, vi, 186 contest for recovery of, v1, 357, 361 desirability, v1, 263 discussion of bill affecting, v, 451- 473 distribution, rv, 182-183 English attitude concerning, v1, 173 financial statement concerning, 0, 582-583 need for permanent possession of, vi, 413 possibilities, for agriculture, Iv, 183-184 pressure on, Iv, 180-181 purchased, estimate of, m, 5938-595 recognition of rights to, v1, 320 recommendations concerning, 191, 548 report of commission on, v1, 456 report on, by Indian Bureau, v1, 414-415 sale of, discussed, 1, 279; m1, 95-96 statements concerning, Iv, 572, 573, 574 statistics on, m, 590-606 table of data on, v, 501 title to, extinguished by treaties, v1, 436 value of, mistakes concerning, VI, 459 See also under tribal names. Lane, Gov. Joseph, 1, 437 population reports by, 1, 521; v, 484; vr, 701-702 Lane, Gov. Wm. Carr, letter of, on New Mexico dialects, v, 689 quoted on Apache language, v, 203 II, 112 Lane, Ralph, colony established by, v1, 86 explorations conducted by, v1, 90 Langdon, Wm. Chauncy, summary by, of missions to Indians, v1, 731- 740 Language(s), as a test of national af- finity, rv, 656 as an indication of origin, v, 82 cause of multiplication of, v, 115 development, v, 546 philosophy of, v, 548-548 Languages, Indian, 11, 340-349; v, 289- 290 as indication of unity of tribes, v, 289-290 bibliography of works in, rv, 523- 553 characteristics, 11, 346-349 classification, 111, 397-407 compared with Greek, v, 182-133 compared with Hebrew, v, 82, 86 comparisons, v, 552-558 compounding of words in, tv, 371- 385 conclusions based on study of, v1, 673 difficulties of recording, 1, 215 discussion of Celtic element in, rv, 118 discussion of Welsh element in, rv, 118 etymology of words in, 1, 405 formation of dialects of, v, 146 importance of study of, rv, 523-524, 656-657, 660, 666 literature of, v, 535-625 observations on, m1, 420-423 of California, m1, 126-127, 420-423 ; Iv, 406-415 of Puget Sound district, rv, 600 of the south-western tribes, 1, 267- 268 plan of thought of, 1, 346-349 preserved by tribes, 11, 96 principles of, 111, 407-419; vi, 671- 684 study of origin based on, I, 40; v, 53 texts in, v, 601-607 word-composition of, v, 593-600 work of classifying, m, 405, 406 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Languages—Continued See also Dialects; Dictionary; Etymology; Grammatical notes ; Lexicon; Linguistic notes; Liter- ature; Vocabularies. For spe- cific languages, see under tribal names, La-pap-poos, a Tuolumne band, rv, 407 La Petite Corne, m1, 364, 365 La Petite Rat, m1, 360 Laplan, account of, by Scheffer, 1, 425 inscriptions from, 1, 425-428 Lapointe (La Pointe), chief Ojibwa town, 11, 136 former Odjibwa council seat, v, 39 founding of mission at, v, 648 Indian treaty at, v, 187 story of evacuation of post at, un, 147-148 Pointe Chegoimegon (Chegoimie- gon), Chippewa seat of govern- ment, v, 524 Pillagers at, v, 184 La Potherie, quoted on Indian men- tality, m1, 56 La Purissima Concepcion, population of, I, 520 L’Arbre Croche, treaty made at, VI, 3886 L’Arbre Croche Ottawas, census of, I, 478-487 Larlielo (Lartielo), location, 111, 572 population, 111, 572, 609; v, 706 See also Sinhumanish; Spokans. La Salle, Robert, 1, 80; v1, 185 explorations of, 1, 185-136; rv, 199 importance of discoveries of, v1, 196, 197 Michigan visited by, v1, 382 observations of, v, 108 Lasallier, Baptiste, prominent Winne- bago, described, 1v, 234-235 Las Casas, Spanish policy denounced by, 111, 23 work assigned to, v1, 72 Larned, Gen., arrival of, at Fort Stan- wix, v1, 290 La Sue, dwelling grounds, vi, 714 hunting grounds, v1, 714 population, v1, 714 See also Dakota. Latham, quoted on unity of American aborigines, v, 290-292 La Nichols] Laticunga, mound near, described, v, 92 La Tour, Claude, land granted to, v, 675 mention of wife of, v, 674 Laudonniére, René de, 11, 22 expedition of, v1, 74-77 Fort Caroline erected by, vi, 743 Laughty marturhar, chief of Wewoak- ear, Iv, 576 Laughty micco, of Cleu wathta Town, Iv, 575 Lava, pots made of, 1, 211 Laval, Francis de, v, 647 Lavall, Capt., v1, 376 Lavall, V., ruins of earthworks de- seribed by, v, 663 Lavelle, L., member of expedition, 111, 353 Laviollet, M., m1, 355 Lawrence, Capt., Iv, 629 Lawrence, Charles, treaty concluded by, v, 677 Laws of the United States, Indian atti- tude toward, 11, 190 recommendations concerning, 190, 191, 192 regarding Indians, discussion of, 1, 255-256 Lawson, John, Santees described by, v1, 182 travels of, 1v, 155-158 Layard, Mr., mention of, rv, 489, 492, 494 Layma, mention of, Iv, 77 Lea, L., report of, 1, 547-560 Lead mines, mention of discovery of, 111, 280 Lead ore, Wisconsin and Iowa, 1, 160 League of the Iroquois. See Iroquois Confederacy. Leary, W. O., v, 659 Leather, articles of, made by Creeks, v, 692 Leavenworth, Col., 1, 338 Sioux language studied by, vi, 392 Le Boeuf, Fort, reference to taking of, Iv, 614 surrender of, vi, 234 Le Caron, Father, rv, 205 Le Clerc, Iv, 206 L’Ecoree, totem of, m1, 554 Le Cousin, 1, 360 attack of, on Mr. Kay, 111, 362 qu, INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 113 Lee, Arthur, Indian Commissioner, v1, 323 treaty concluded by, vi, 327 Lee, Charles A., petition signed by, 11, 618 Lee, Elisha, v, 668 Lee, Zadock, mention of, Iv, 315 Leeberkuhn, Rev. Samuel, work of, Iv, 540 Leech Lake, ceremony at, v, 422, 4385 description of, v, 190-191 Indians of, v, 145, 185, 191 origin of name, v, 190-191 Pillagers at, v, 185 Leech Lake Indians, population of, m1, 366 See also Pillagers. Lee’s Creek, Presbyterian station at, Iv, 589 Le Fort, Abraham, Onondaga chief, 11, 314 vocabulary by, 11, 482 Legends (myths, tales, traditions), Al- gonquin, of Bamondu, Iv, 555 Algonquin, of Bokewa, Iv, 561 Algonquin, of the mastodon, tv, 562 and aboriginal mythology, 1, 316- 332 Apache, concerning Montezuma’s daughter, v, 211 Cherokee, regarding wars, Iv, 137 Chippewa, of a hunter lad, 11, 229- 230 Chippewa, of a merman, I, 417 Chippewa, of little Monedo, 11, 318- 320 Chippewa, of magic, 11, 491-492 Chippewa, of Manabosho, v, 149-150 Chippewa, of the origin of Indian corn, 1, 230-232 Chippewa, of the Wolf-brother, m, 232-234 concerning mound-builders, rv, 1386— 137 concerning over-fasting, 11, 229 difficulties connected with, 1, 65-66 geographical features mentioned in, mt, 270 Iowa, of a deluge, 11, 263 Iroquois, of shipwreck, 1, 125-126 Mohegan, of drinking scene, 1, 23-24 114 Legends—Continued of ante-Columbian epoch, 1, 19-27 of eternal fire, v, 68-69 of European arrivals, 1, 18 of heroes, I, 18 of Manabozho, I, 317; v, 149-150 of origin of corn, 1, 311; 1, 230- 232; m1, 538 of origin of Five Nations, v, 157— 163, 6386-646 of origin of flint stones, 1, 317 of origin of maize and beans, iv, 343 of origin of music, v1, 640 of origin of tobacco, Iv, 343 of the deluge, 1, 17; m1, 263; Iv, 230, 231; v, 31, 68, 173, 687; VI, 571-572, 638 of the God of War, vi, 642 of the Little Orphan, 1, 329 of the Magic Circle, 1, 327 of the monster era, 1, 18 of the settlement of North America, v, 6383-635 of the sun and moon, v, 417-419; vi, 639-640 of warfare, 11, 140-1438 of Yogowanea, Iv, 199-201 Ojibwa, compared with Hebrew history, 11, 1386 place of, in aboriginal history, 1, 13-14 Seneca, of Great Snake, 11, 822-823 Seneca, regarding wars, Iv, 187, 203, 345-846 Shawanoe, of ancient Florida, m1, 82 told by Pontiac, of the Loup Indian, II, 243-247 Toltec, of Xolotl, tv, 561 Tuscarora, regarding white colony, ine alal7e ala Ks} Winnebago, mention of, 11, 267 Wyandot, of Sayadio, m, 235 Wyandot, Trapping in Heaven, m1, 320-3822 See also Migration legends; Origin traditions. Leggins, described, 111, 66-67 illustrated, 111, 66 male and female, rv, 58 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Legrand, Judge, 11, 268 Leiber, Francis, paper by, on Indian languages, I, 346-349 Le Jeune, Paul, missionary work of, Tir, 320 Le June, Pere, quoted on Indian men- tality, m1, 55 Lekwiltok. See Laek que lib la; Ne- culta. Le Moyne [Jacques], Indians delineated by, v1, 74 Le Moyne, Father Simon, tv, 208 Lenalinepies, a synonym of Delawares, v, 669 Lenape Indians (Lenapees, Lenapis, Lenni Lenapees, Lenno Lenape, Lenno Lenapi), v, 122, 147 allies of Iroquois, v1, 176 antecedents, v, 99 antiquity of, 1, 197 at siege of Detroit, m, 284, 285, 301 bands occupying New York Bay, v1, 100 conquered by Six Nations, 1, 37 cranial measurements, 1, 335 forced migration of, Iv, 280; v1, 207 history, v1, 176-178 migration, vi, 197 forced, Iv, 280 tradition, Iv, 147; v, 98, 134; vi, 176-177 name for the Delawares, v, 41; VI, 687 meaning of, v, 186; v1, 147, 177 rank among tribes, I, 265 reference to language, 11, 36; 111, 96 reference to traditions of, rv, 1386; v, 61 stature, Iv, 349 subjugated by Iroquois, m1, 196- 197; v1, 195, 197 superior physique of, v, 243-244 tale of, told by Pontiac, 1, 243-247 territory occupied by, v1, 32, 147, 177, 207 totems, Iv, 666 See also Delawares. Lenapee-Algonquins, migration and di- vision of, v1, 116 Lenapees, Lenapis. See Lenape In- dians. Nichols] Lenni Lenapees, Lenno Lenape, Lenno Lenapees, Lenno Lenapi. See Lenape Indians. Lenno Lenapean stock, tribes of, Iv, 617 Lenno-Lenapi language, publications in, ty, 540-541 Lentes (Lentis, Leutis), v1, 687 change in, v, 689 population of, 1, 519; m1, 633; v1, 687, 709 Leon, Ponce de. See Ponce de Leon. Léon, M. de, appealed to, by Pentiac, 1, 267 Lepans. See Lipans. Le Petit Mort, m1, 361 wound treated by, m1, 363 Letters, steps in development of, 1, 342 Leutis. See Lentes. Lewis, Chief, v, 514 Lewis, Colonel, death of, v1, 266 Lewis, Gen. Andrew, expedition com- manded by, vi, 266 treaty signed before, v1, 303 Lewis, Meriwether, and Clark(e), Wil- liam, 1, 29; vi, 380 among the Mandans, 111, 249 explorations of, v1, 349 Indian population estimated by, v, 484 observations of, v, 100 route of, v1, 349 Shoshonees described by, 1, 199, 200 tribes encountered by, v1, 349 Lewis, Gen. Thomas, treaty signed be- fore, v1, 303 Lewis River Snakes, population, v, 493 position, v, 493 Lewiston Indians, among, VI, 737 Lexicon, Algonquin, English-Chippewa [“A” only], v, 565-569 L’Herminier, M., 11, 320 cranium discovered by, U, 320 Libyan element, suggestion of, in Indian culture, v, 86 Lignite in Rocky Mountain region, I, 218 Limestone, blue, in Snake territory, 1, 209 Lindley, Eleazer, v, 668 Linguistic manuscripts in preparation by Gallatin, m1, 399 missionary work INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 115 Linguistic notes, I, 306, 316, 340, 354, 355, 358, 359 ; 11, 50, 104, 138, 160, 228, 404; 111, 61, 74, 100, 288, 298, 353, 860, 361, 366, 367-368, 491, 502, 523-524 ; rv, 68, 117, 199, 202, 259, 306, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 428, 432, 531-538; v, 28, 29, 36, 38, 39, 40, 105, 133, 134, 186, 148, 172, 173, DIG AI eoeeen 220, 22s 418, 429, 547, 578, 579, 580, 581, 584, 586; DSitise Vig D2, Do, Ga,106) Lod, 140, 147, 174, 177, 217, 227, 264, 278, 326, 354, 468, 488, 552, 5738, 676, 681 Linguistie stocks, classification, 1, 195- 198; 111, 397-407 east of the Mississippi, v1, 31 east of the Rockies, 11, 3438 map showing location, 11, 28 number, north of Mexico, rm, 403 preservation, 1, 96 See also Generic families. Linpoilish, maps showing location of, nr, 96, 200 See also Sanpoil. Lipans (Lepans), 111, 403; vi, 687 and others, estimated population of, v, 484 brief account of, 1, 239 linguistic affinities, v, 203 location, v1, 705 population, 1, 518; 111, 635; vi, 687, 705, 708 result of attacks on, v1, T08 See also Canees; Seepans. Liquors. See Alcoholic liquors. Litchfield, ancient name of, v, 225 Literature of the Indian languages, Iv, 523-564 Litter, construction of, 1, 254 use of, 11, 180; Iv, 243 illustrated, u, 180 Little Abraham. See Abraham. Little Bear, Chief, 11, 34 brief account of, 1, 2381 Little Beard, Chief, at Canandaigua council, vi, 326 prisoner butchered by, v1, 311 Little Billy, Chief, annuity of, 11, 584 present at conference, v, 667 Little Buffalo, a noted Pillager, v, 189 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 116 Little Chickasaw, De Soto encamped at, II, 46 Little Clam, chief of Red Lake band, 0, 165 Little Cloud, Chief, mention of, v1, 469 Little Crow, Seven Fires defined by, 01, 169 Little Crow’s band, a Medawakanton band, 11, 613 listed as one of Seven Fires, m1, 169 See also Kah-po-sia. Little Crow’s village, census of, 1, 498- 507 Little Curly Head, chief of Gull Lake band, 11, 165 Little Dekonie’s band, census of, 1, 498- 507 Little Detroit, use of the name, m1, 355 Little Doctor of Tuck a batch cha Town, Iv, 575 Little Flathead Indians, population of, vi, 701 Little Hill, chief, drawing made by, 0, 224 Little Miami, earthworks of, explained, TV 5) eo Little Mills band, census of, 1, 498-507 Little Orphan, story of, 1, 329 Little Osage, v1, 540 annuities of, 1, 585 Osage band, 111, 594 See also Great and Little Osage. Little Pine, Chief, brief account of, tv, 557 Little Prairie Indians, identification of, 1, 307 garden beds attributed to, 1, 59 See also Mascoutens. Little Rapids band, listed as one of Seven Fires, m, 169 Little Six’s band, a Medawakanton band, m1, 613 census, 1, 498-507 one of Seven Fires, mu, 169 Littleson, Gov. H. W., 111, 294 Little Tallassie, v, 254 Creek town, v, 262 French fort at, v, 278 location, v, 257 map of, v, 255 Little Thunder’s band, census of, 1, 498- 507 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Littleton, Gov., treaty concluded by, v1, 238 Little Turtle, Chief, Indian force led by, VI, 217 treaty signed by, vz, 344 victories of, v, 528 Liver disorders, treatment for, Iv, 512 Liver-eaters. See Teu-a-wish. Lligunos, a synonym of Dieguenos, nH, 100 Lloyd, Edward, signer of Indian treaty, vi, 144 Lock(e), Dr. John, cited on age of mound, v1, 600 earthworks discovered by, rv, 130 Ohio ruins deseribed by, v, 660-662 reference to discovery by, Iv, 174; v, 61, 114 Lodges, Bonak, construction of, Iv, 223 California, construction of, m1, 218 Chippewa, illustration of, v, 394 Dacotah, description, 1v, 67 destruction, after a death, vi, 623 Iroquois, construction of, Iv, 662 materials used for, Iv, 56-57 menstrual, description, v, 70 Navajo, description, 11, 70; Iv, 213 of Klamath River tribes, 111, 140 oracular, description, v, 421 illustrated, v, 428 order in, 11, 236 Oregon, construction of, 11, 218 Osage, construction of, Iv, 304 social life, 111, 237, 239 summer, of Winnebago, Iv, 56-57 vapor-bath, description, v, 424 See also Wigwam. Logan, Chief, mm, 22, 198; v, 121; v1, 237, 265, 266, 647 anecdotes concerning, Iv, 619, 620 appearance and character, Iv, 619, 621, 622 biography, Iv, 614-627 birthplace, v1, 264 death, 1v, 627 emulated by Red Jacket, v, 669 facts connected with speech of, 111, 56 Indian name of, Iv, 616 leader of the Mingoes, v1, 266 murder of family of, Iv, 623-624, 627-629, 630, 631; v1, 264-265 Nichols] Logan, Chief—Continued oratory of, 111, 340; Iv, 627; v, 410, 518 origin of name, Iv, 616 son of Shikelimo, vi, 264 Speech, Iv, 615 stature, Iv, 349 tribe of, discussed, 1v, 616 war made by, on Whites, Iv, 624 Logan, James, Iv, 338, 339 Log house, adopted by Cherokees, rv, 662 Logstown, council held at, v1, 213-214 Mingo chief at, v1, 213, 214 Loin-cloth or azian, 11, 65 described and illustrated, 111, 68 Lokulk, population of, 111, 609 London Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, v, 122; v1, 516 Long, Lieutenant, sketch by, of wigwam, ur, 70 Long, Maj. S. H., mention of expedition of, 71,519 8 ¥; route of expedition of, 1, 143 Long, R., copper implements discovered by, v, 665-666 Long Canes settlement, Indian attack on, vI, 239 Long House, a name for the Five Na- tions, v, 636, 645 Long Island, classification of language of, 111, 401 Indian belief concerning, v, 38 Long Island tribes, generic name of, VI, 147 Long Knives, Pillager name for Ameri- cans, v, 188 “Long River,” attempts to locate, 1, 136- 2 1337/ Loo Choos (Lou-choos), Quarrelers, 1, 27 excepted from Athapascan group, kee reference to dialect of, m1, 27 See also Loucheux. Looking glass, Indian, illustrated, 111, 65 Loom, small, illustration of, m, 516 use of, 11, 515 See also Weaving. Lopez, Diego, discovery by, Iv, 562 Loquamish, population of, v, 491 position, v, 491 also called INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 117 Lord’s Prayer, French version of, v, 591 in Anglo-Saxon, v, 590 in Chippewa language, v, 592 in Choctaw language, v, 592 in Dacotah or Sioux language, v, 592 in Mahican language, v, 591 in Massachusetts Indian language, v, 591 in Milicete language, v, 592 Luther version of, v, 590 Los Punoois, tv, 564 Los Ranchos pueblo, changes in, v, 689 Lost tribes of Israel, theory regarding, I, 186, 357 See also Hebrew origin of Indians; Jewish customs. Los Vasqueros, province of, rv, 40 Lotchnoay band, skirmishes with, vi, 359-360 Loucheux, classification of, 11, 401 language, I, 27; 111, 542 See also Loo Choos. Loudoun, VI, 283 Loughridge, R. M., 111, 384 antiquities described by, v, 660 work of, Iv, 546 Louis, Colonel, aid rendered by, colonists, v1, 280 Louisburg, fall of, v1, 234 Louisiana, admission to the Union, v1, 393 Indian population of, 111, 585, 586; v, 480, 481 population and area of, Iv, 610 settlement of, v, 108; vi, 185 Louisiana mission, work of, v1, 735 Louisiana Purchase, importance of, I, 181 Loup River, tribe on, vi, 547 Loups, synonym of Delawares (q. V.), to v, 41, 186 Love, Slone, Chickasaw division of, 1, 508 Love songs, Chippewa, v. 559-562 symbols used for, 1, 403-404 Lower Creeks. See Creeks, Lower Lower towns, Creek. See Creek towns, Lower. 118 BUREAU Lowrie, Walter, acknowledgment to, 11, 376 manuscript transmitted by, Iv, 550 Muscogee metal plates describes by, tI, 89 work of, m1, 256, 259 Lowry, Rev. D., aborigines discussed by, m1, 471-480 paper by, on condition of Indians, II, 526-537 Lowry, David, report on Winnebago, ri, 281, 282 Lowry, Miss Elizabeth, vocabulary by, TI, 214 Lowry, S. B., information furnished by, Tir, 284 Lowry, Walter, rv, 535 Loyola, v, 88; vI, 72 Spanish policy upheld by, 11, 23 Lueas, Gov., m1, 281 Lu chi paga, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Luckawis, location, 1m, 571 population, 11, 571 Luckkarso, location, m1, 571 population, 111, 571, 609 Lucktons, location, 11, 571 population, 111, 571 Lugh se le, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Lu lan na, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Lulbegrud, a Shawnee town, I, 301 Lummi, location, v, 704; v1, 703 population, v, 704; vi, 703 See also Hookluhmic; Nooklummi ; Nookluolamic; Noothum. Lummi River, Indians on, v1, 703 Lund, Dr., discoveries, in Brazil, 11, 319 Lu-pa-yu-ma, use of name, 111, 110 Luther, Martin, v, 88 Lutuamian family. See Luturim. Luturim, a linguistic family, m1, 402 Lycoming Creek, Indian name for, Iv, 328 Lykins, Dr., 1, 159 Lykins, Johnson (Johnston), transla- tions by, Iv, 539, 541 Lyman, vi, 169 Lynx, The. See Peshkewah. OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Lyon, J. L., quoted on beard of the In- dian, 111, 377 Lyons, Capt., m1, 109 M Macapacelite, Chief, 11, 259 See also Mackatepelicit. M’Arthur, Gen., vi, 364 Ma-caw (Makaw) Indians, v1, 687 account of, Iv, 600, 602; v, 700 location, Iv, 598 population, 1, 521; rv, 598; vi, 687, 701 See also Makah. McBride, James, v, 666 M’Call, Dr., burials described by, 11, 318 skeleton obtained from, 1, 318 M’Clellan, Capt., v, 664; v1, 612, 613 M’Clure, missionary, meeting with Lo- gan, Iv, 621 McClure family, burial place of, v, 673 Maccoa, vi, 74 Maceconce, or Little Bear, signature of, IT, 226 M’Connell, Mr., charges made against, vi, 475 M’Coy, Isaae, I, 57 M’Crea, Miss Jane, reference to fate of, VI, 284 M’Dermit, Charles, m1, 161, 167 explorations of, 111, 155 M’Donald, expedition led by, vi, 307 McDonald, James, letter by, 1, 304-306 M’Donald, Walter, 11, 173 McDougal, Lt., v1, 245 M’Dougal, Mr., 11, 305 escape from Indians, 1, 289 held as hostage, 11, 258-264 M’Dowell, Col., vi, 375 Mace, description, 1, 78, 92-93 illustration of, 1, 77 use, I, 92-93 See also War club. M’Gillivray, Alexander, Caleb Swan’s journey with, v, 251-252 Creeks reorganized by, v, 281 peace delegation headed by, v1, 332, 365 reference to marriage of, vi, 345, 851 winter home of, v, 252 McGilvery, William, a Creek chief, Iv, 576 Nichols] Machecous, m1, 559 estimate of warriors of, 111, 557, 559 See also Creeks; Muskogees. M’Intosh, Gen., expedition of, v1, 301 Mcintosh, Rolly (Roly), vi, 533 chief of the Muscogees, 1, 267; VI, 533 Creek emigrants led by, v1, 479 M’Intosh, trader, reference to marriage of, vi, 345, 351 M’Intosh, Gen. William, vi, 376 death penalty paid by, v, 577; VI, 417 treaty signed by, v1, 417 Mackanotin, census of, v, 493 Mackatepelicit, second chief of Ottawas, tr, 248, 251 See also Macapacelite. M’Kee, Col., 11, 161, 167, 170, 173, 176; v, 101 M’Kee, John, m1, 173 M’Kee, Redick, data on population by, m1, 634; v, 484; vr, 705, 711 journal of expedition of, 11, 99-177 M’Kenney, Thomas L., appointment of, to head Indian Bureau, v1, 404 letter from, to Secretary of War, m1, 580-582 statement submitted by, ur, 583- 586 McKenney, Thomson, rv, 583 Mackenzie, Sir Alexander, ceremonies described by, v1, 627 quoted on Chepeweyans, 1, 19 quoted on fire ceremonies, v, 65-66 M’Kenzie, Kenneth, vocabularies fur- nished by, mr, 398 Mackinaw Island, Indian name of, 1, 1389 M’Kinney, Dr., m1, 161 M’Kinney, Rev. E., acknowledgment to, 111, 376 Mackintosh, Mr., narration of, concern- ing the Mandans, 1m, 253 McLain (Mclean), Nathaniel, acknowl- edgment to, m1, 375 vocabulary transmitted by, m, 206 McLaughlin, Dr., v, 664 M’Loughridge, Rev. R. L., edgment to, 111, 376 M’Murray, Mrs. Charlotte, v1, 566 M’Nab, Andrew, western New York de- seribed by, 1, 163-165 acknowl- INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 119 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Macomb, Gen., vi, 398 Mad Blue of Tuck a batch cha Town, Iv, 575 Mad Dog, Chief, at battle at Attasee, VI, 368 ehief of Tuckabatchees, v, 254, 263 Mad River, brief description of, 11, 133 Mad River Indians, vocabulary obtained from, m, 133 Madahas, included with Caddoes, v1, 686 See also Anadarko. Madi-win-inee, curing art of, m1, 224 Madison, Dr., murdered by Ke-taw-kah, 1) 209 Madison, James, Indian activities un- der, VI, 353-376 remarks by, on Canadian posts, II, 333 vocabulary from papers of, m1, 424 Madoe, Prince, v, 60; v1, 182 colony led by, v1, 742 discussion of story of, v, 34 reference to tradition of, 1, 124 voyage of, reference to, Iv, 81, 118 Madodiswon, ceremony of, v, 425-426 use of, v, 424, 426 Magic, discussion of, Iv, 489-497; v, 415-441 practice by secret societies, v, 71 use in hunting, 1, 51; v, 3897 See also Medical practices; Sor- cery ; Witchcraft. Magic Circle, story of, 1, 327 Magician, office of, discussed, 1, 858-359 See also Juggler ; Medicine man. Magnusen, Prof., 1, 107 inscription interpreted by, tv, 119 Magoffin, James, information obtained from, Iv, 628 letter from, regarding Col. Richard Sparks, rv, 629-632 reference to letter of, Iv, 628 Magui villages. See Moqui. Mahaha, a village of the Ahahways, I, 250 Mah-ha-os, a division of the Yuma, 0, 116 See also Mohave. Mahican language, data respecting prin- ciples of, v, 618-620 Lord’s Prayer in, v, 591 120 Mahicans (Mahikanders), Iv, 332 affiliations, rv, 617 government, v, 504 identification, v, 506 missionary work among, Vv, 503, 506 place of refuge, v, 519-520 population, v, 504 subjection to Iroquois, rv, 617 See also Aquatzagane; Mohicans; Orunges. Mahigan, Pontiac’s plans betrayed by, i, 249 Mahikanders. See Mahicans. Mahomedanism, date in Hindoostan, v, 58 Mahomet, story of, compared with Wyandot tale, 11, 322 Main White River, Indian population of, v, 491 Maine, Indian lands in, 111, 586; v, 480 Indian population, 111, 583, 586; v, 480 Indians occupying coast of, v1, 744 northern, Indians of, v, 218 population and area of, Iv, 610 Maize. See Corn. Makahs, location, v, 703; v1, 703 population, v, 703; v1, 703 See also Clossets; Ma-caw; Quin- nechart. Makaw. See Ma-caw; Makah. Mal Anton, Indian guide, 1, 111 Malayan race, civilization of, Iv, 3857 heads of, described, Iv, 357 territory occupied by, Iv, 357 Malecite. See Amalecites; Etchemins ; Melecites. Malecite language. See Milicete lan- guage. Malte-Brun, races classified by, Iv, 355 Mamalelekala. See Mar ma li la calla. Mammatsiean, Mohickanders repre- sented by, at council, v1, 1382 Ma-mong-e-se-da, Chief, ally of the French, 11, 150 at the fall of Quebec, 11, 148 Mamongizida, chief at Chegoimiegon, v, 525 friend of the French, v, 525 Manabosho (Manabozho, Menabozhoo), Algonquin conception of, v1, 659 Algonquin mythological hero, 1, 18; v, 63 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Manabosho—Continued heredity, v, 147 mythological hero of the Chippewa, v, 147 pictographie devices of, v, 150 power of, 1, 82; vi, 662 tales of, 1, 817-319; v, 149-150 works of, v, 419 See also Nenabozhoo. Manahoaec. See Mannahoacs. Manatouline(s), meaning of name, VI, 202 scheme for removal of Chippewas to, v1, 463 tribe occupying, v1, 202 war with inhabitants of, v1, 203 Ma naw way, a Creek chief, Iv, 576 Manchester, Indian village at, v, 225 Manco Capac, the Ghebir, 1, 13; v, 105 account of, v, 94 supposed origin of, Iv, 123 Mandan language, II, 239; 111, 252 classification, 111, 252, 255 conclusions concerning, II, 406 distinct from others, 111, 595, 630 peculiarities, 111, 255 vocabulary, I, 255-256, 446-459 Mandans (Mandons), v, 180, 494; v1, 687 analogous to Upsarokas, m1, 514 and Upsarokas, description of, 11, 247-256 census, VI, 556 classification, 111, 402 color, H, 321 comparative intellectual develop- ment, 10, 250 cranial capacity, 11, 250 cranial measurements, IT, 335 effect of smallpox on, II, 239; I, 254; vi, 486 enemies, II, 248 eyés, m, 321 habitations, v1, 695 hair, 1, 321, 322 history, I, 253-254 in the Dacota group, 1, 37 location, 11, 595; v, 494; v1, 556, 705 map showing, It, 96 ordeals endured by, v, 59-60 origin and affiliations, 11, 247-256 origin tradition, m1, 247-248 permanent village, 111, 630 physical characteristics, HI, 250, 254 Nichols] Mandans—Continued population, 1, 257, 523; 11, 289; 111, 249-250, 253, 254, 595, 609, 630, 631; v, 494; vi, 687, 695, 696, 705 reference to territory, Iv, 486 religion, 111, 248 shape of skulls, 11, 317 theory of origin, v, 60 villages, 111, 248-249, 250, 253 visited by Lewis and Clarke, 111, 249 warfare, III, 253 Mandioca root, press used for, Iv, 445 illustrated, Iv, 456 use as food, Iv, 445-446 Mandons. See Mandans. Manecis, 111, 558 Maneto. See Manito. Manhattan Island, derivation and meaning of name, Iv, 379; v, 593; vi, 101 Hudson repulsed at, 11, 23 tribe occupying, v1, 100 Manhattans (Manhattanese), brief ac- count of, v1, 100-101 derivation of name, vy, 38 hostility to Hendrik Hudson, u, 23 origin, v1, 116 state of culture, v, 107 territory occupied by, vi, 32, 147 Manido. See Manito. Manistee River, census of Indians of, I, 458-467 Manito(s) (Maneto, Manido, Manitoe, Monedo, Moneto), 1, 34-35 Algonquin Creator, Iv, 664; v, 143, 402 beliefs concerning, v, 402-404; v1, 629-630 benevolent spirit, Iv, 637 boulders representing, 1, 94 ceremony of invocation to, v, 435-— 437 explanation of the term, Iv, 621; v, 71, 416-417; vi, 658 feast given to, v, 426 illustration of, 1, 129 nature of, v, 75 Selection for totems, v, 74 Manitoosh, evil spirit of Algonquins, v1, 630 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. §. INDIAN TRIBES” 121 Mankind, classification of races of, Iv, 355-357 discussion of unity of, Iv, 358-359, 364-865 ; v, 288-289 racial variations, Iv, 360-365 Manlius stone, 1, 109; v, 85 illustration of, v, 85; v1, 611 Mannahoaes, v, 122 Manners and customs, 111, 53-70; v, 49- 82; vi, 442, 614-635 as an indication of origin, v, 57-70, 81-82 ceremonial, attitude toward, v1, 212 changes in, vi, 618-625 evidence of unity in, tv, 172 general similarity in, v, 56 Indian, compared with Biblical, m1, 243-244 compared with Hebrew, I, 38, 261; v, 86 compared with Hindoo, v, 57— 60, 217 compared with Oriental, v, 415 influences affecting, v, 80; vi, 615, 672-673 of Apaches, v, 210-212 of Bonaks or Root-Diggers, Iv, 221 of California tribes, v, 214-217, 649- 650 of Creeks, v, 264-274 of Dacotahs, 111, 233-246; 1v, 59-72 of Moquis, Iv, 72-91 of Navajos, Iv, 72-91, 213-214, 217- 218 of New England tribes, v1, 109-110 of Oregon tribes, v, 651-657 of Texas Indians, v, 682-685 of Winnebagos, Iv, 51-59 See also Customs; Etiquette; Fam- ily life; Greetings; Hospitality; and also under tribal names. Mante, Maj., v1, 272 quoted on Indian character, v1, 239 Manteo, vi, 84, 85, 182, 186 made Lord of Roanoke, v1, 93 service as interpreter, v1, 89, 90, 91 Manzana, population of, 1, 519 Maple River band, census of, 1, 478-487 Maple sugar, made by Winnebagoes, Iv, 58 122 Maps, ethnographical, of Indian tribes, in 1600, 11, 28 ideographic, by Botturini, 1, 20 made by an loway brave, 11, 256— 257 of country of the Iowas, 111, 256 of Creek country, v, 253 of Cunningham’s Island, m1, 84 of earthworks, Cunningham’s {s- land, 11, 84 of Georgia, with part of Florida, Louisiana, and Carolina, in 1764, v, 253 Oregon, showing location of tribes, 111, 200 of route of Coronado’s expedition, Iv, 39 of route of De Soto, 111, 50 of sources of the Mississippi, V1, 451 of Teton fortifications, v, 100 of the Indian colonies west of Mis- souri and Arkansas, 1858, rv, 180; v1, 519 of the southwestern part of New Mexico, Iv, 24 on bark, drawn by Indians, v, 184 showing boundaries of the Ojibwa, Menomonee, Winnebago, and Da- cotah tribes, 1851, 11, 137 showing Iowa migrations, 111, 256- 257 showing location of linguistic stocks, 11, 28 showing location of tribes, 1, 28, 137; m1, 96, 200; 1v, 24, 39, 180 Maquas, enemies of Pennacooks, v, 231 See also Mohawks. Maquelnoten, location and population of, vi, 702 Marbery, Col. L., v, 253 Marchisseaux, M., trading voyage of, 111, 353 Marecoz de Niza, explorations of, Iv, 22-23, 24 Marcy, Capt. R. B., rv, 40 vocabularies collected by, v, 709 Mareachette, a synonym of Milicite, v, 675 Marest, v, 184; v1, 734 death of, v, 524 of BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY {Bull. 152 Maricopas (Coco Maricopas), relations with Pimos, 11, 296 sold into slavery by Yumas, 11, 115 Yuma expedition against, m, 113- 114 Marietta, Ohio, earthworks at, Iv, 131; v1, 597, 603 founding of, v1, 597 opening of tumulus at, Iv, 131-132 Mariposa County, Indian population of, Iv, 608 Mariposa Indians, v1, 687 population of, v, 484; v1, 687 Marlain or Kite Indians, country occu- pied by, 111, 596 population, m1, 596, 609 Marlborough, burned by Indians, v1, 164 Mar ma li la calla, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 Marquesas Islands, canoes of, 1, 24 characteristics of natives of, Iv, 361-3862 Marquette [Jacques, Pére], v, 108, 184; VI, 734 burial and reburial of, v1, 257 contact with Ojibwas, 1, 147 explorations of, tv, 199 See also Marquette, James; Mar- quette, Joseph ; Marquette, Pierre. Marquette, James, missionary work of, v, 648 Marquette, Joseph, death of, v, 648 explorations of, v, 648 Marquette, Pierre, explorations of, I, 135 Marriage. See Marriage customs; In- termarriage. Marriage customs, Apache, v, 210 California Indians, 1v, 223-224 Chippewyan, v, 176 Clear Lake Indians, mr, 112 Comanche, I, 235-236; m1, 181-132; v, 683 Creek, v, 268-269, 272-273 Dacotah, m1, 287-238, 240 general, 11, 48-49, 63; m1, 480 Towa Indians, v1, 549 Iroquois (Five Nations), 1, 191 Kenistenos, v, 166-167 Klamath River Indians, m1, 175 Moquis, rv, 86-87 Navajo, Iv, 214 Nichols] INDEX Marriage customs—Continued Northern California and Oregon, m1, 211, 212 Oregon Indians, v, 654 Pueblo, iv, 76 Texas tribes, v, 683 Wee-yot, m1, 127 See also Courtship; Divorce; Fam- ily life; Infidelity ; Labor; Polyg- amy; Widowers; Widows; Wife- lending; Women. Marsh, Thomas, signer of Indian treaty, vi, 144 Marshall, Benjamin, Creek chief, of Irish descent, 1, 267 information obtained from, mm, 404 Marshall, Col. J. F., 1v, 160 Marshall, Joseph, a Coweta Town chief, Iv, 579 Marshpee, I, 287 Marshpee Indians, 111, 583 location and population of, m1, 583 Martaw way hadjo, a Creek chief, rv, 576 Martell, leader of delegation to Wash- ington, 1, 415 Martha’s Vineyard, discovery of, VI, 95-96 missionary work among Indians of, vi, 734, 736-737 naming of, vi, 108-104 Martha’s Vineyard Indians, location and population of, 111, 588 Martin, Henry, disappearance of, tv, 593 Martin, J., letter of, rv, 627-629 letter to, Iv, 629-632 Martin, Joseph, treaty concluded by, VI, 327 Martin, Hon. Luther, tv, 629, 632 Martin, Thomas S., deposition made be- fore, rv, 581 Marvin, R. P., petition signed by, 11, 618 Maryland, cave in, described, m1, 338 colonization of, v1, 744 German settlements in, m1, 338 population and area of, rv, 610 religious freedom of, v1, 129 tribes of, vr, 32, 128-145 Maryland tribes, hostilities among, v1, 143 Masawomacks. See Massawomacks. Mascotins. See Mascoutens. Mascoudins. See Mascoutens. 936706—54——_9 TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 123 “U. §. INDIAN TRIBES” Mascoutens (Mascotins, Mascoudins, Mascoutins, Maskoutens, Misco- tins), 1, 305-808; 111, 277, 278; VI, 35 affiliates, Iv, 245 Algonquin tribe, v, 40 alliance with Bone Indians, v1, 203 defeated by Ottowas and Potta- watomies, Iv, 245 disappearance, Iv, 245; v, 191 expulsion from Lake region, 1, 305; vI, 206 historical notes on, Iv, 244-245 locality occupied by, 1, 53; 111, 559; Iv, 244; vi, 204, 206, 714 name, derivation, v1, 203 meaning, Iv, 244; v, 40 synonyms, Iv, 206, 244, 245; v, 41 ossuaries attributed to, 1, 69 population, Iv, 245; vi, 204, 272, 714 possible absorption of, v1, 204 warriors, estimate of, m1, 554, 559; vI, 271 See also Muscodanig; Mushko- dains; Musketoons; Musquitans. Mascoutins. See Mascoutens. Ma-se-wa-pe-ga, story of dream of, 1, 144 Mashpee. See Marshpee. Maskegon. See Maskigos; Mushkeags; Muskegos. Maskigos (Maskigoes), an Algonquin division, v, 40 French relations with, vi, 237 included in Algonquin group, 11, 36, 341 meaning of name, v, 40 See also Mushkeags; Muskegos. Maskoutens. See Mascoutens. Masks, obsidian, illustrations of, v1, 587, 588 use in Moqui dance, Iv, 84-85 Mason, punitive expedition led by, VI, 135 Mason, Col., mention of, v1, 145 Mason, John, Pequot War conducted by, vi, 117 Mason, Col. R. B., observations of, 1, 154 Masonic fraternity, comparison with Medicine Society, m1, 286 Massa or Natie language, brief vocab- ulary of, v, 556-557 124 Massaba, feast to, v, 486-437 Massachusetts, Indian lands in, v. 480 Indian population of, m1, 583, 586; v, 480 landing of emigrants in, v1, 744 mentioned by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 population and area of, Iv, 610 settlement of, v1, 103-104 Massachusetts Indians, derivation of name, v, 38 described by Cotton Mather, 1, 284- 286 migration legend, v, 98 mixed with African race, 1, 524 population, 1, 287, 524 settlements, 1, 287 Massachusetts language, application of term, I, 287 Bible translated into, 1, 287 classification, m1, 401; v, 145-146 grammatical notes on, I, 295, 296, 297, 298-299 Lord’s Prayer in, v, 591 vocabulary of, 1, 288-299 See also Natic language. Massasauga. See Missisaugies. Massasoit, brief description of, v1, 103, 114 country ruled by, vi, 744 meeting with Pilgrims, 11, 25 position and power of, vi, 151 relations with the English, v1, 114- 115 sons of, v1, 151 with Pilgrims, illustration showing, II, 26 Massawomacks (Masawomacks), v, 122 name for the Five Nations, v, 36, 37 name for the Iroquois (q. V.), VI, 130, 194 Masset. See Massetta. Massetta, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Massie, Gen., v, 662 Mastodon, belief concerning remains of, Iv, 645; vi, 651 bones of, on Arkansas River, 1, 270 Masut Pomo. See Masu-ta-kaya. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Masu-ta-kaya (Masu-ta-kea), and — others, population of, 111, 634 language, 111, 112 treaty made with, 111, 112 Mather, Cotton, v, 51; v1, 106 quoted on sun worship, v, 64 Mathers, Lt., Iv, 630 Matilpe. See Murtilpar. Matlock, G. C., population report by, | vi, 696 Matrilineal descent. See Descent. Mats, Shoshonee, 1, 214 Mattahunt, mentioned by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Mattapoisett, Indian raid on, vi, 155 Mattaponies, brief account of, v, 36 Mattapony River, Indians of, v, 36 Mattasoons. See Wattasoons. Matter, integrity of, 1, 171 Mauherosqueck, listed by Capt. John | Smith, v, 218 Mauh-teeg, a Klamath River tribe, 111, 634 Maumee. See Fort Maumee. Maumes, called Omameeg, v, 39 enemies of the Chippewas, v, 39 See also Miamis. Maupertius, M., work on languages, I, 355-356 Maury, Lt. M., cited on Indian origin, I, 22-26 Mauvila, battle at, m1, 42-44, 90; v1, 61 description, tm, 42; Iv, 124 Mavilians, a name for the Choctaws, H, 34 Maw-hee-koo-shay-naw-zhe-kaw, acterization of, Iv, 233 Maw-keek-souch-kaw, brief account of, Iv, 233 Maw-kuh-soonch-kaw’s Band, census of, I, 498-507 Maxwell, Thomas, acknowledgment to, Iv, 173 letters of, v, 666-674 May, river of, name for the St. John’s, vi, 73, T4 Mayer, Brantz, discussion by, of Logan massacre, IL, 56 paper by, on Mexican antiquities, vi, 577-594 reference to collection of, Iv, 174 translation made by, 111, 335 char- Nichols] Mayhew, Experience, missionary work of, v1, 736 Mayhew, John, missionary work of, v1, 736 Mayhew, Thomas, Jr., missionary work of, v1, 736 Mayhew, Thomas, Sr., missionary work of, v1, 736 Mayhew, Zechariah, missionary work of, vI, 736 Mayhew family, missionary labors of, vi, 734, 735 Mazigabau, a noted Pillager, v, 189 Mde-wahantonwan. See Medawakan- tons. Mdewakanton. See Medawakantons. Mead, John, Jr., investigations of, 1, 163 Meadow Indians, a name for the Mas- coutins (q. v.), Iv, 245 Measles, fatal treatment, tv, 512 mortality from, tv, 593, 595 Meat, curing of, 11, 218; Iv, 57, 68 See also Buffalo; Game. Mecadacut, listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Mechecaukis (Mechecouakis), country occupied by, 11, 559 warriors, estimate of, m1, 554, 559 See also Foxes. Mechecouakis. See Mechecaukis. Mechuacan Province, customs of, Iv, 449 Meda, discussion of term, I, 358; v, 420- 421; 445 See also Medas. Medals, described and illustrated, 1, 79 French, use of, v, 109 Medas (Medawes), admission to society of, 1, 360 among the Pillagers, v, 189 curing methods, vi, 110 functions, v, 405 harm done by, Iv, 637 illustration showing gathering of, v, 72 rank of, among medicine men, 1, 223 secret society of, v, 71 See also Meda; Medawin. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 125 Medawakantons (Mde-wahantonwan, Mendawacanton, Mendawahkan- ton, Mendawakantons, Mende- wakantons), v1, 687 called Dakotahs of the river, v1, 386 decline of, m, 98 division of the Sioux nation, 11, 168, 169 governed by Wabasha, v1, 386 payments made to, v1, 721 population, m1, 613, 614 seven bands of, m1, 613 statistics concerning, m1, 612, 613- 614 subdivision of the Isanyati, 1, 248 treaty made by, vi, 421 villages, 11, 97 See also O-man-ee; People of the Lakes. Medawes. See Medas. Me-da-we-win. See Medawin. Medawin (Me-da-we-win, Midawin), art of medical magic, 1, 358 ceremony of, v, 428-441 Chippewa ceremony of, v, 429-433 healing ceremony of, 1, 360 importance, v, 434 medicine feast of the Chippewa, v, 149 rites of, m, 138 Sioux ceremony of, v, 433-441 See also Medawisos. Medawin society, assemblage, in spring, 11, 56 degrees in, v, 632 medical art of, v, 423 object of, v, 420 Medawisos, illustration showing cere- mony of, v, 428 Medewiwin. See Medawin. Medford, attack on, by Indians, v1, 164 Medical knowledge, of ancient Asiatic nations, Iv, 492-494 of Indian tribes, tv, 501-519 ; v, 445- 446 Medical practices, rv, 502-519; v1, 681- 635 Athapascan, v, 177 beliefs connected with, Iv, 497 Chickasaw, I, 310 Chinook, v1, 619-620 Comanche, I, 233-234; 11, 130 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 126 Medical practices—Continued BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull, 152 Congaree, Iv, 158 cost of failure in, v1, 632 Creek, v, 270-271 Dakota, I, 250-255; Iv, 649-651; VI, 655-657 Klamath River Indians, 11, 175 Massachusetts Indians, 1, 285 Muscogee, 1, 2738-274 Navajo, rv, 217 Ojibwa, 11, 138 Sioux, m1, 179-182 soreery in, Iv, 492-494 success of, Iv, 242 use of charms in, I, 86 Winnebago, m1, 497-498; Iv, 241- 243 See also Disease; Medicinal plants ; Medicine Dance; Medicine men; Obstetrics; Wounds. Medical practitioners, discussion of classes of, v, 445-446 office of, 1, 359 See also Medicine men. Medicinal plants, abortion produced by, 1G Pap? ceremonial inspection of, v, 424-425 Indian knowledge of, v, 446 list of, with uses, tv, 516-518 properties, Iv, 516-518 purification, v, 424 secrecy regarding, 1, 251 story of origin, 1, 318 use, I, 251-252, 274; rv, 641-642; VI, 632 in obstetrics, Iv, 515 Medicine, concocting of, illustrated, v, 446 preservation of, Iv, 519 See also Medical practices; Medi- cinal plants; Medicine bags; Medicine Dance; Medicine men. Medicine animal, of Winnebagoes, dis- cussed, 11, 223-224 of Winnebagoes, illustrated, 11, 224 Medicine bag (sack), ceremonial clos- ing of, v, 483 ceremonial inspection of, v, 424-425 ceremonial use of, 111, 287; v, 66 contents, v, 66; vi, 660 religious character, v1, 660 value attached to, 111, 288 Medicine Dance (feast), by both sexes, | Iv, 63 | chant used in, rv, 648-644 for the repose of spirits, Iv, 65 improper use of term, v, 72 secrecy concerning, 111, 280-231 story of introduction of, 1, 318 Winnebago, described, 111, 286-288 illustrated, m1, 286 traditional origin, v, 149 Medicine feast. See Medicine Dance. Medicine-hunter, a Comanche chief, 0, 128 Medicine lodge, compared with Jewish tabernacle, 1, 261 Medicine-man (men), activities of, Iv, 495 and patient, illustration showing, VI, 173 as doctors, Iv, 649-650 as priests, vi, 654 ceremony of consultation with, v, 425 Chippewa, skill of, rv, 242 classes, v, 71; v1, 648 Dakota names for, Iv, 642 dress, description of, v, 440 fear of, Iv, 650 instruction of, v1, 634 of the Dakotahs, vi, 648-657 order of, among the Winnebagoes, II, 223-224 Oregon Indian, customs concerning, v, 652-654 origin of power, Iv, 646; vi, 652 part taken by, in Indian dance, HI, 287 payment of, Iv, 241 popular fallacy concerning, Iv, 641 power and influence, 11, 288; Iv, 641-651; v1, 647 priestly functions, Iv, 648 rank, vi, 633 reincarnation, Iv, 646 supposed power, V, 652 training and initiation, v, 652-653 treatment of the sick, 1, 250; v1, 619-620 use of power, Iv, 646-648; v1, 652- 653 use of the term, Iv, 641-642; v1, 648 visits to the sick, v, 487-441 Nichols] Medicine-man—Continued war offices, Iv, 648-649 See also Physician ; Priest ; Prophet. Medicine Society, compared with Ma- sonic order, 111, 286 initiation into, m1, 286-288; v, 426- 433 Medilding. See Ollep-pauh’l-kah-teht’l. Medill, W., letter from, to Jacob Thomp- son, 111, 619-620 letter to, from Albert Gallatin, m1, 397-400 Meeker, Jotham, translations by, tv, 538 work of, rv, 538, 539, 541 Meherrics, Meherries. See Meherrins. Meherrins (Meherrics, Meherries), al- lotted lands with Cayugas, 111, 292 country occupied by, 111, 196 included in Monacan dialects, 11, 292 received into Iroquois Confederacy, Ir, 292 synonymous with Tutelo, v, 36, 37 Meh-teh, a Klamath River tribe and Village, 111, 138, 634 Meigs, Prof. C., 111, 384 Meigs, Josiah, estimates made by, 11, 592, 593-595 statement furnished by, 11, 591 Mekinak, Chief, 11, 271 Meldonado, Don Rodrigo, explorations of, Iv, 36 Melecites (Milicetes, Milicites), coun- try occupied by, v, 38, 219, 674 disputes over land of, v, 675-676 history, v, 674-676 language, v, 674 See also Amalecites ; Etchemins. Melendez, Ribault captured by, vi, 744 Melleray, Vice-Admiral, v1, 55 Meloche, Baptiste, 11, 253 Memnon, invention of letters by, v, 88 Memory, pictographs as aid to, 1, 404- 405 See also Mnemonic devices. Men, Indian, activities of, 1, 50 character of, in domestic life, 11, 64 See also Family life; Labor; War- riors; Widowers. Menabozhoo. See Manabosho. Menard, member of expedition, m1, 353 Menard, Col. Pierre, 1, 308; 1v, 260 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 127 Menatonon, chief of the Chowanocks, v1, 90, 91 Mendawacanton, Mendawahkanton, Mendawakantons, Mendewakan- tons. See Medawakan tons. Mendocino Reservation, report on, v1, 415, TT Mendoza, activities, in Mexico, tv, 22, 23; vI, 69 Menduwakanton and Wapakotah Sioux, population of, v1, 707 Menendez, arrival at Fort Caroline, v1, 76 Mengwe, a synonym of Mingo, v1, 138 Menomeenees, Menomenes, Menomenies. See Menomonees. Menominee. See Folle Avoins; Meno- monees; Mynomanies. Menominee language. See Menomonee language. Menomonee language, an Algonquin di- alect, 11, 341, 358 vocabulary of, 11, 470-481 Menomonees (Menomeenees, Meno- menes, Menomenies, Menomonies, Mineamies, Monomonees, Mono- monies), 111, 277, v1, 8375, 488, 687 associates of the Sauks, v1, 276 brief account of, 111, 560; v1, 691 census, I, 488-497 ; 111, 621-628; v1, 691 classification, 111, 401 country occupied by, 1, 488; 111, 584, 591; vi, 206, 275, 385, 705 cranial measurements, 11, 335 establishment on reservation, vy, 463-464, 470 fiscal statistics relating to, v, 721, (C24 TRB funds required for, 1, 566, 569-570 hunting ground, vi, 276 investments for, 11, 562 land assigned to, rv, 463 ceded by, 11, 603 claimed by, 11, 584 purchased from, 11, 600, 601 statistics on, 11, 605 language spoken by, 11, 562 leading men of, 11, 568 linguistic affiliations, 1, 302 listed by Little Crow as one of Seven Fires, 11, 169 map showing location, 11, 137 ; 111, 96 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 128 Menomonees—Continued missionary work among, vi, 734, 435, 137 name, origin and meaning of, v, 40, 145 synonyms, 1, 562 not an independent tribe, v, 40 number of Catholics among, v, 699 number of villages of, m1, 560, 562; vi, 271 picture writing among, 1, 338 population, 1, 523; m1, 562, 584, 591, 610; v, 708; vi, 271, 275, 687, 705, 707 relations with other tribes, 11, 566 removal, plans for, Iv, 486 postponed, 11, 550 settlement of Stockbridges among, vi, 504 trade of, m1, 564 trading post for, 111, 566 tradition concerning, 1, 302-804 treaties with, v, 499; vi, 421 treaty settling boundary for, v1, 422 warriors, number of, 111, 560, 562; vi, 271 See also Folle Avoins ; Mynomanies. Menomonies. See Menomonees. Menstrual customs, v, 70 of Blackfeet, v, 183 of Callapooyas, v, 664 of Chippewyans, v, 176 of Dacotahs, m1, 227, 235, 243 similar to Hebraic, 111, 62 theory of origin, v, 60, 70 tribes observing, v, 60 Menstrual lodge, description, v, 70 illustration of, v, 70 Mental capacity. See Intellectual ca- pacity. Mental characteristics, Indian, discus- sion of, 1, 29-43; m1, 54-59, 246; v, 32-33 permanence of, 1, 15, 41, 412 poetic development of the Indian mind, 111, 826-328 shown in pictographs, v, 64 similarity among tribes, v, 31-32, 56 Mentality. See Intellectual capacity. Mercede (Merceda) Indians, v1, 687 population, iv, 608; v, 484; vI, 687 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Meredith, W. M., acknowledgment to, © Ir, 3875 Merrill, Moses, work of, Iv, 550 Merrimack, a synonym of Pennacook, vi, 173 Merrimack River, Amoskeags living on, | v, 221 Indian fisheries on, v, 225 Merrimack tribes, location of seat of, vi, 174 Merrimac(k) Valley, description, v, 219-220 Indians of, v, 217, 218, 221, 222, 223)s AVE ie land in, granted to Passaconnaway, v, 236 Merrit, O. H., information furnished by, vi, 709 Meruelo, Diego, 11, 35 Mescal plant, use by Mexicans and Apaches, v, 208 Mescaleros (Muscalaroes, Muscaleros, Mus-ka-le-ras), vi, 687 and Euquatops, population of, v1, 708 Apache band, v, 203, 689 dialect of, v, 203 location, I, 239; v1, 705, 708 population, 1, 239, 518; vi, 687, 705 See also Apaches Mascaleros; Eu- quatops. Meshekunnoghquoh, treaty signed by, VI, 344 Mesnard, Réné, martyrdom of, v, 647 Mesquite beans. See Mizquite bean. Messesagues. See Missisaugies. Meta. See Meh-teh. Metacom. See Pometacom. Metahartas, m1, 251 See also Hidatsa. Metalliferous diluvial deposits, location of, 1, 152 Metallurgy, aboriginal periods indi- cated by, Iv, 139 among Peruvian and Mexican tribes, v, 106 attempts at, 1, 71 Indian knowledge of, rv, 164-165 See also Metals; Mining. Metals, furnace for fusing, rv, 447-448 use by aborigines, m1, 75-76, 87-90 See also Metallurgy; Mining. {Bull. 152 Nichols] Metamorphosis, lack of belief in, 111, 231 Metawa, treaty discussed by, vi, 395 Metchigamias. See Michigamies. Metea, speech made by, vi, 394 treaty discussed by, v1, 395 Metempsychosis. See Transmigration of souls. Methodist Episcopal Church, missions established by, v1, 788-739 Methodist Episcopal Mission Board, schools controlled by, v, 694 Methodist Episcopal Missionary Soci- ety, work of, v, 502, 503 Methodist missions, work of, v, 700 Metoacs, a Long Island tribe, v1, 100 derivation of name of, v, 38 generic name of Long Island tribes, vi, 147 origin, v1, 116 totemic type, v1, 100 Metoxon, a Mohican chief, v1, 277 Mexican Antiquities. See Antiquities, Mexican. Mexican boundary, settlement of, m, 117-118 Mexican chronology, ancient, v, 96-97 Mexican civilization, influences affect- ing, v, 291-292 Mexican kings, duration of reigns of, v, 97 list of, v, 97 Mexican tribes, ancestry of, m1, 303 chief deity of, v1, 638 classed as Toltecan, 11, 329 connection, with United States tribes, rv, 170 cranial measurements, 11, 330 development, v, 392 extent of influence, v, 107 Mississippi Valley accessible to, v, 95 reference to migration of, m1, 300, 304 See also Aztecs; Toltecs. Mexico, antiquities of, v1, 604-605 art of, as prototype for northern tribes, v, 391 civilization, Iv, 115, 122; v, 29 date of final fall, 111, 27 destruction of records, v, 102 early tribes, vr, 596 gods and goddesses, v1, 637-645 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 129 Mexico—Continued invasion, 11, 20 kings, v1, 742 periods in history, 1, 515 reference to early government, 111, 181, 182, 183 thread making in, tv, 442-448 weaving in, v, 106 Mexico City, antiquities of, v1, 582 founding of, v1, 596, 742 Mexico, Valley of, migrations into, v, 95-96 Mé-yemma, a Trinity River village, m1, 139 Meyers, Mr., mention of, m1, 355 Miami, English defeated at, 11, 286 Miami Indians. See Miamis. Miami language, an Algonquin dialect, i, 341 vocabulary of, 1, 470-481 Miami of the Lakes River, Indian com- munication by, vi, 334 Miami River, Indians of, v1, 275, 714 Miami Valley, Great, copper implements discovered in, v, 665 Miamis (Miamies), 11, 555; v, 495, 647; VI, 329, 488, 687 agency used by, vi, 397 and others, population of (1812), v, 708 annuities of, m, 587, 589 armistice granted to, vi, 364 brief account of, m, 561; vi, 334 census, 1, 488-497; 111, 621-628 classification, m1, 401; v, 145 cranial capacity, m1, 335; v, 244 defeat by Gen. Wayne, vi, 217 divisions, 111, 404 Eel River, payments to, v1, 721 facial angle, 11, 335 friendly to French, vi, 237 funds required for, 11, 569 general condition, Iv, 467, 468 hostility, vi, 334 in Pontiaec’s conspiracy, 11, 307; VI, 243 included in Algonquin group, 11, 36 Indiana, payments to, vi, 721 intemperance among, I, 435 Iroquois name for, v1, 271 130 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 | Miamis—Continued Mic co char tee, a Cussetaw Town chief, lands, Iv, 572 Ivy, 579 ceded by, 11, 603; v1, 499 Miccosaukie. See Mickasukies. claimed by, 111, 584 Michabou, 1, 18 purchased from, 0, 593, 595,| Michigamea. See Michigamies. 598, 599, 601 Michigamies (Metchigamias, Michi- | sale of, v, 528 gania, Mitchigamas), 11, 555 statistics on, 11, 605 annuities of, 1, 588 location, 1, 488; 111, 559, 584, 591; application of name, v, 191 Iv, 461; v, 122, 495, 527; v1, 33, beliefs and customs, v, 196 206, 275, 330, 705 general account of, v, 191-196 maps showing, 111, 96; Iv, 180; location, v1, 206, 714 vi, 519 population, v1, 714 missionary work among, V, 699; v1, relations with other tribes, v, 195- 734, 735, 740 196 movement to the Wabash, v, 192 totem, 11, 250 names for, v, 41; vi, 271 warriors, number of, 11, 555 peace made by, v, 139 Michigan, affairs in, in 1816, v1, 383 peace sought by, vi, 343 population, 1, 523; 11, 584, 591, 610; Iv, 5¢2, 605; v, 4953 vi, 272; 275, 499, 687, 705 derivation of name, Iv, 379 Indian lands in, 111, 584, 586; v, 480 Indian population of, 11, 584, 586; v, position in Indian war, v, 527 480, 481 reference to language of, 111, 96 lower, Indian occupation of, v1, 361— removal, v, 495; v1, 515, 516, 536 362 i plans for, 111, 576, 577 occupation by the French, v1, 381, eemaine? 382 treaty concerning, vI, 488 resemblance to other tribes, v1, 334 population and area of, rv, 610 tale relating to, v, 194 traces of Indian agriculture in, 1, totems, 111, 555 55 treaties with, v, 496, 497, 500; vr, | Michigan Superintendency, statistical 255, 380, 499 statement from, m1, 615 treaty concerning removal of, v1, | Michigan tribes, condition, Iv, 462-463 488 population, v1, 692 warriors, number of, m1, 555, 559, | Michilimackinac, v1, 234, 237 561; v1, 271 American occupation of, v1, 398 war with, vi, 330-83 battle at, v1, 375 west, payments to, v1, 721, 723 change of garrison at, v1, 344 See also Maumes ; Omameeg. fall of, to British and Indians, v1, Miamisburg, size of mounds at, 11, 85 356, 358 Miantonimo. See Miontonimo. founding of, v, 108; vi, 185, 196 Mica, use of, 1, 93 garrison at, 111, 334 Micabo, Algonquin culture hero, 1, 18 history, v, 648 ; v1, 256-258 Micamichi, a Micmac settlement, v, 677 illustration of, Iv, 188 Micamichi Indians, punishment of, v, important event at, Iv, 188 677 Indian name for, v, 108 treaty with, v, 677 Indian trade at, 11, 353 ; v1, 268-269 Micanopy, Chief, vr, 534 Indians of, v, 143 Micasuka, a Seminole village, v, 260 removal of post of, m1, 3338-334 Micco, use of term, tT, 62 settlement of, v, 648 Micco buiecas, or Old King, of Tuck a surrender of, v1, 234 batch cha Town, rv, 575 transfer of fort at, 1, 103 Nichols] INDEX TO Michilimackinac—Continued tribe occupying, v1, 202 See also Fort Michilimackinac. Michilimackinaec Agency, statistical statement from, m, 615 Michilimackinae Island, evidence of In- dian occupation of, v1, 201 Michiskoui, 11, 553 Michmacs. See Micmacs. Michopdo. See Wachucknas. Mickasaukies. See Mickasukies. Mickasukies (Miccosaukie, Mickasau- kies), attitude, in Seminole war, vi, 469 cranial measurements, II, 335 population, 1, 522 Micksucksealton, location, 111, 572 population, 111, 572; v, 706 Micmac language, classification, v, 676 vocabulary, v, 578-589 Micmacs (Michmaces), 11, 558; v1, 53 brief account of, v, 219 classification, 111, 401 cooking method, 1, 81 history, v, 676-678 land claimed by, v, 678 granted to, v, 677-678 language, v, 676 Milicite name for, v, 676 missionary work among, vI, 734, 735 number of warriors of, 111, 553, 559 settlements of, v, 677 territory inhabited by, 111, 559; v, 38, 219, 676 warriors, number of, 111, 553-559 See also Gaspe Indians; Souriquois. Mico, a Creek chief, v, 279 functions, v, 279 See also Chief. Micures mission of Barcelona Province, Iv, 556 Midawin. See Medawin. Middle Village (Ottawa), census of, 1, 478-487 Midéwiwin. See Medawin. Miege, Rev. J. B., tv, 595 missionary work of, v, 503, 699 Mie-mis-souks, location, 1v, 498 See also Misonk. Miezay, or Walk-in-the-Water, signa- ture of, 11, 226 SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 131 Migration, Algonquin, line of, 1, 411, 414 from Asia, route of, 1, 25-26 from Mexico into Mississippi Val- ley, v, 97 into Valley of Mexico, v, 95-96 northward trend of, tv, 132 of hunter tribes, limit of, 11, 29 of Iowas, 111, 256-259 of North American tribes, 11, 26-32 Ojibwa, traced by traditions, nm, 136-137, 139-140 Sioux, route of, 11, 172 theories concerning, 1, 22-27 traced by pottery, 1, 61; 111, 76 trend of, 1, 259 See also Migration legends. Migration legends, Chepewyan, 1, 19 Chickasaw, 1, 808-310 Chippewa, v, 147 Comanche, 1, 126 Creek, v, 98; vi, 186 Iowas, Sioux, and Winnebago, v, 98 New Hngland and Atlantic coast tribes, v, 97-98 Pimos, m1, 296 prairie or Dacota group, v, 98 Quppas, Cadrons, and Kansas, v, 98 Seminole, vy, 259 southern Indians, vy, 98 See also Origin traditions. Mikasuki. See Mickasukies. Mikonotunne. See Mackanotin; quelnoten. Milbank Sound Indians, v, 487-488 census of, v, 487-488 Indian names of tribes of, v, 487- 488 language spoken by, v, 487 location, v, 487-488 remarks on, v, 487-488 See also Baloballa. Milicete (Milicite) language, Prayer in, v, 592 numerals in, v, 690-691 Milicetes, Milicites. See Melecites. Milk, Indian dislike for, v, 50 Milk River, Indians of, v1, 698 Mille Lac band, pictographic census of, 1 AP Miller, Col., Tecumseh defeated by, v1, 359 Miller, John, report by, v1, 706 Ma- Lord’s 132 Millidges, v1, 351 Milliken, J. M., antique implements pos- sessed by, v, 666 George, information furnished by, v, 673-674 Miln, Ensign, v1, 239 Mimbrefios, origin of name, v, 207 range of, v, 207 See also Mimbres tribe. Mimbres tribe, labors of women of, v, 695 Minas Gerdas, bone-caves of, 11, 319 Minataree (Minetari, Minitarees, Min- natarees, Minnetarees, Minne- taries, Minnitares), v1, 687 allies of the Mandan, 1, 251 classification, 111, 402 country occupied by, I, 259 ; 111, 594; v, 494; vi, 705 cranial measurements, 11, 335 identified as Gros Ventres, 11, 514 identified as Upsarokas, 111, 403 in the Dacota group, m1, 37 language spoken by, 1, 259 Mandans living among, 11, 239 name for the Crows, 1, 514 of the Willows, m1, 251 origin of, discussed, 111, 251 population, I, 257, 523; m1, 251, 252, 594, 609; v, 494; v1, 687, 705 reference to territory of, Iv, 486 skulls of, 11, 317 smallpox among, v1, 486 See also Hidatsa. Minataree stock, tribes of, 11, 594-595 Minckus, a synonym of Minquas (q. V.), vi, 142 Mind, Indian, lack of originality in, 1, 41 See also Intellectual capacity. Mineamies. See Menomonees. Minerals, from California, 1, 150 in Comanche territory, 1, 239 Mines, antiquity of, 1, 97, 98 gold and silver, of Mexico, rv, 451- 452 significance of ruins of, 1, 71 superstition regarding, um, 174 See also Copper mines; Mining. Minetari. See Minataree, Mills, BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY {[Bull. 152 Mingoes, and others, battle with, v1, 266 | application of name, Iv, 616; v, 41; | vI, 194, 266, 278 attitude of, in Revolutionary War, ut, 561; vi, 278 beginning of war with, v1, 264 called Mengwe, vI, 188 cranial measurements, 11, 335 language, vI, 138 location, Iv, 620; v1, 210 Monongahela, battle of, v1, 217, 228 | Ohio dominated by, v1, 194 origin of name, vi, 217, 278 relations with the English, m1, 561; | Wah Mb} YRY6 | Senecas, mentioned as, m1, 561 settlement of, Iv, 269 walriors, estimate of, 11, 555 western Iroquois, tv, 620 See also Neosho Senecas. Mini-con-gsha, a Titon division, m1, 629 bands of, 111, 629 country occupied by, 111, 629 leading men of, 111, 629 Miniconjou. See Mini-con-gsha; Mini- konga. Minikonga, population of, v, 494 position, v, 494 Mining, ancient aboriginal, 1, 95 area showing traces of, 1, 95 chief objects of, 1, 95 conclusions drawn from traces of, I, 95, 99 illustration of, v, 117 implements used in, 1, 95, 96, 97; Toh Gal methods used in, v, 116, 396; v1, 599-600 recovery of mill used in, v, 112 traces of, in Arkansas, 1, 100-101 in California, 1, 101 in Illinois, 1, 100 in Indiana, 1, 100 in Missouri, 1, 100-101 See also Copper mining; Mines. Minisink. See Minnisink. Minisink massacre, Masonic captives spared at, v, 673 Minitarees. See Minataree. Minivoa (Ninivoan, Ninivona), um, 259, 260, 267 chief of the Poux, 11, 242, 281 Pontiac joined by, u, 243, 248 Nichols] Minnatarees. See Minataree. Minnetaree language, analogies of, m1, 252 brief vocabulary of, 111, 256 Minnetarees, Minnetaries. See Mina- taree. Minnisink, battle of, v1, 306-307 meaning of name, vi, 306 Minnitarees. See Minataree. Minniwawinna, mention of, v, 122 Minqua (Minquas, Minques), a name for Susquehannocks, vi, 138 brief account of, v1, 138, 142-143 country occupied by, v1, 138 distinct from Mingo, v1, 138 identified as Andastes, vi, 137, 138, 139 purchase of land from, by the Dutch, vi, 148 relations with Swedish Colony, v1, 142 wars of, v1, 188 See also Conestogo. Minnesota, agricultural advantages of, I, 182, 1838 area of, 1, 182 climate and meteorology of, 1, 183- 184 data on lands of, v, 501 geology of, 1, 186 health and disease in, 1, 184 Indian lands in, Iv, 1838 name, derivation of, 1, 183; 1v, 384 physical geography, 1, 181-188 population and area of, Iv, 610 Minsi. See Munsees. Miontonimo (Miantonimo, Myonto- nimo), II, 57; Iv, 613; v, 121; vi, 111, 154, 166, 173 captive Pequots assigned to, vi, 123 capture, v1, 126 death, vi, 127, 167 English war-party joined by, vi, 118 Narragansett chief, v, 130; vi, 125 war led by, vi, 125-127 Mirrors, stone, description of, v, 91-92 Miruelo, expedition piloted by, WI, 25 voyages of, vi, 38, 39 Misalah, a California chief, v1, 711 Miscotins. See Mascoutens. Miseekwigweelis. See Mis-kai-whu. Mishinowa, use of term, 11, 62 Mishongnovi. See Manzana. INDEX TC SCHOOLCRAFT’S 133 Mis-kai-whu, a Skagit division, v, 704 location, v, 704; v1, 703 population, v, 704; v1, 703 Miskuakes, totem of, m1, 554 Miskut. See Agaraits. Misonk, mention of language of, Iv, 600 See also Mie-mis-souks. Misquekee, a name for the Foxes (q. v.), v, 41 Missaba (Missabe), the hunter’s mo- nedo, v, 436 tradition of, v, 420 Missaugees. See Missisaugies. Missinippi or Church-hill River, deriva- tion of name, v, 40 eastern limit of the Athapascas, 11. 27 Mission band, population of, m1, 632 Mission Indians, population of, v, 707; v1, 700 Missionaries, among the Hries, 1v, 198- 199 efforts among Iroquois, 111, 193-194 misunderstood by Indians, v, 697 Moravian, in Dutchess County, N. Y., v, 680-682 result of labor of, m1, 209; v1, 648 Swiss, labors of, v, 697 troubles in Huron country, Iv, 207- 208 Missionary Society Methodist Episcopal Church, missions of, v1, 788-739 Missionary Society Methodist Episcopal Church South, data on missions of, v1, 740 Missionary societies, table of statistics on, v, 502-503 Missions, among Oregon Indians, v, 655- 656 and churches, reports on, v, 698-700 brief bibliography of works relating to, vi, 733 California, dates of establishment, I, 520 names of, 1, 520 population, 1, 520 Cherokee, data on, Iv, 588-589 chronological summary, vi, 734 English, statistical data on, v1, 735 establishment, in Onondaga coun- try, v, 164 failure among Pillagers, v, 188 French, on Lake Superior, v, 184 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 134 BUREAU Missions—Continued French, statistical data on, vI, 735 in Apache country, v, 213 in California, v, 214 Indian attendance at, v, 698 Indian language used at, v, 503 Methodist, work of, v, 700 of Barcelona Province, Iv, 556 of Colonial era, chronological sum- mary of, vi, 734 Roman Catholic, statistical data on, VI, 735 Spanish, statistical data on, vi, 735 statistical data on, vi, 735-741 tables of information concerning, vi, 734-735 to Indians, summary of, v1, 731-741 Missisagas, Missisagies, Missisaugas, Missisaugees. See Missisaugies. Missisaugies (Massasauga, Messesau- gues, Missaugees, Missisagas, Missisaugees, Mississagies, Mis- sissagues, Mississaugas, Missis- saugues), MI, 555, 556; vi, 229, Paral admitted to Iroquois confederacy, mm, 199 alliance with Eries, Iv, 198 allies of the Iroquois, v, 144 application of the name, v, 144 at siege of Fort Stanwix, v1, 292 brief account of, m1, 560; v, 144 classification of, mistaken, 11, 199; Iv, 198 country occupied by, I, 306; 111, 199, 559; vi, 275 cranial measurements, 11, 335 expelled by Iroquois, m, 291 location given to, by Iroquois, m1, 196 missionary work among, vi, 738, 739, 740 name, meaning, I, 306; 0, 358 synonymy, Ill, 517; v, 41 of Algonquin stock, m1, 199; v, 144 origin and language, v, 144 population, 111, 199; vi, 272, 275 relations with Iroquois, 11, 196, 291; v, 144 stand taken in Revolutionary War, VI, 278, 284 totem, 111, 555, 556 OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Missisaugies—Continued treaty signed by, vi, 255 | warriors, number of, 11, 500, 555, | 556, 559 | See also Wisagechroanu. Mississa totem, v1, 100 Mississagies, Mississagues, Mississau- _ gas, Mississaugues. See Mis- | sisaugies. | Mississippi [State of], admission to the Union, v1, 393 Algonquin name, I, 135 derivation, Iv, 379 specific meaning, m1, 502 and Alabama, Indian population of, | v, 480 Indian lands in, m1, 584, 586; v, 480 Indian population, 11, 584, 586; v, 480, 481 population and area, Iv, 610 Mississippi River, British authority established on, v1, 269 De Soto’s arrival at, 11, 46 discovery of, 1, 183-148; v1, 63, 448, 452 drift power of, 1, 166 exploration of, 1, 185-187; v1, 350, 3884 in Minnesota, 1, 185 sources of, 1, 140, 142-148; rv, 193 map of, 1, 148; vi, 451 tribes of, v1, 32, 33, 34, 206, 275 Mississippi Valley, accessible to Mexi- can tribes, v, 95 ancient wars of, v, 61 changes in, vI, 377-878 character of monuments of, vI, 603 contest for possession of, v1, 196- 198 density of population, v1, 599 discussion of ancient civilization of, 1, 71-72 French explorations in, v, 646-648 Indians wars in, v, 61 occupants of, v1, 742 Mississippi Valley tribes, customs, v1, 596 fortifications, v1, 600-601 religion and mythology, v1, 647-657 resemblance to Central Americans, Iv, 115 state of civilization of, v, 481 ' Nichols] Missouri, Indian lands in, 111, 585, 586; v, 480 Indian population in, tm, 585, 586; v, 480, 481 population and area of, Iv, 610 Missouri and Arkansas, number of In- dians in, v, 480 Missouri Indians (Missourians, Mis- sourias, Missouries, Missouris), I, 557; v, 450; vi, 452, 687 affiliations, Iv, 550 claim concerning origin, Iv, 227 classification, m1, 402 condition of Iv, 466; vi, 544-546 country occupied by, 11, 559, 593 descendants of Winnebagoes, 111, 278 French relations with, v1, 237 funds required for, m1, 570 in the Dacota group, H, 37 indigenous to Kansas, vi, 536 lands, Iv, 573 ceded by, 11, 603 purchased from, 11, 600 statistics on, 11, 606 surrendered by, v, 494; v1, 456 location, Iv, 461; v, 494; v1, 705 members of Pontiac’s Confederacy, 11, 307 of Siouan stock, 1, 197 population, I, 523; 111, 593; 1v, 5738; v, 494; vi, 687, 706 reference to territory of, Iv, 486 treaty with, statement of, v, 497 warriors, estimate of, mI, 557, 559 Missouri River, expedition to source of, v1, 349 Indian name for, m1, 162 ruins of villages on, v1, 556 Missouri River tribes, v1, 556, 695 census of, vi, 556, 695-696 Missouri Valley, Indian population of, 111, 680-631 Mitchell, Col. D. D., m, 239 Blackfeet described by, v, 685-687 paper on the Mandans, m1, 2538-254 population report by, vr, 695 quoted on condition of tribes, v1, 554 report of, m1, 250 vocabulary transmitted by, 1, 218; 11, 252 = INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 135 Mitcheltree, Mr., ruins on farm of, f, 123 Mitchigamas. See Michigamies. Mitomkai Pomo. See Betumke. Mix, Charles E., report made by, tv, 582 Mixed bloods, characteristics of, Iv, 101 Chippewa, population of, v1, 692 hair, m1, 377, 378, 384 hunting activities, 1v, 101-102 of California, 1, 520 See also Intermarriage. Mizquite bean, described, m1, 105 Mnemonic devices, for music, 1, 226- 228 illustrated, 11, 228 on wood, I, 339 totems used as, v, 75 use of, 1, 361, 401-411; Iv, 663 Moache. See Taos Utahs. Méal-kai band, at Clear Lake council, 1m, 109 Mobilians, a name for the Choctaws, I, 34; m1, 29; vi, 627 perpetual fire of, v, 68 ; vi, 627-628 sun worship of, v, 68 tribes composing, v, 68 use of name, m1, 344; vi, 47 Moccasin game, Dacotah, described, Iv, 64-65 Moccasins, illustrations of, m1, 65 making of, 111, 65-66 materials and ornamentation, v, 182 tribe denoted by style of, 111, 66 Mock-pu-we-chastah, interpretation by, of Seven Fires, 1 169 Mocoso, Chief, mention of, u, 34 Mohacks. See Mohawks. Mohaekanuc, a synonym of Mohegan (q: v.), Iv, 539 Mohaves, v1, 687 map showing location of, Iv, 24 See Mah-ha-os. Mohawk language, list of works in, Iv 526-527 note on, Iv, 554 vocabulary of, 11, 482-493 Mohawk Yalley, raids in, vi, 313 Mohawks (Mohacks, Mohocks) vi, 687 aid of, sought by Philip, v1, 168 at siege of Fort Stanwix, vi, 292 classification, 111, 401 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 136 Mohawks—Continued cranial measurements, 1, 335 division of the Iroquois, tv, 204 English aided by, in battle, v1, 220, 224 hunting grounds, vI, 714 Huron country invaded by, v, 647 in battle of Lake George, vI, 287 in the Revolutionary War, v, 510, 518; vi, 283, 284 in valley of Connecticut River, v, 226 location, 1, 590; v, 668; v1, 147, 275, 714 missionary work among, m1, 193- 194; vi, 734, 735, 736, 738, 739, 740 one of the Five Nations, 111, 184 one of the Six Nations, Iv, 616 other names for, 11, 527 population, rv, 603, 604; v, 668; v1, 275, 687, 714 power of, 111, 185-186 relations with the Hnglish, vi, 209 remnants of tribes sheltered by, v1, 146 retreat to Canada, Iv, 604 sachem of, vI, 281 Sassacus killed by, v1, 123 summer residence of, vI, 101 war with Andastes, vi, 142 warriors, number of, 1, 561; Iv, 605; vi, 261, 270 See also Auniers; Maquas. Moheconnock. See Mohicans. Mohegan language, v, 618-620 Algonquin dialect, 11, 341 brief vocabulary of, v, 620 catechism in, described, tv, 539-540 reference to preservation of, m1, 96 Mohegan [village], number of Moheg- ans at, I, 524 Mohegans (Mohigans), vi, 430 ealled Stockbridges, v, 41 land claimed by, 11, 583 location, m1, 583 migrations, Iv, 563 population, 1, 524; m1, 583 reference to dialect, m1, 96 removal of, vi, 516 tradition of, 11, 23-24 Mohicanic group, description of, v1, 109- 112 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Mohicans (Moheconnock, Mobhiccans, | Mo- | Mohickanders, Mohickons, hikinder), vi, 259, 687 branch of the Pequots, v1, 125 called Stockbridges, v1, 324 classification, 111, 401; v, 145 colonies aided by, v1, 834 conquered by Iroquois, 1, 87; 11, 74; v, 1387 country occupied by, vi, 32, 33, 116, 147 division of the Lenapi Algonquins, vi, 100, 116 first contact with Whites, v1, 42 hunting grounds, vi, 714 identification, m1, 74 in league with Nanticokes and Shawnees, vi, 132 land confirmed to, vI, 324 language, vI, 111 location, v, 122, 668; v1, 714 migration tradition, v, 98 missionary work among, v1, 734, 736 name, origin of, mI, 74; v, 38; VI, 116 population, v, 668; v1, 714 reference to feud of, v1, 173 remarks on, vi, 687 stand taken by, in Revolutionary War, VI, 277, 280, 293 state of culture of, v, 107 warriors, number of, vi, 261 Whites joined by, in Pequot War, vi, 117-118 withdrawal, from the Hudson, vr, 133 See also Mahicans. Mohiccans, Mohickanders, Mohickons. See Mohicans. Mohigan John, vi, 259 Mohigans. See Mohegans. Mohikinder. See Mohicans. Mohock River, tribe dwelling on, v1, 714 Mohocks. See Mohawks. Moi-ya, language and location of, 11, 112 Molala. See Molallas. Molallas (Molealleg, Mole Alleg, Molele, Mollales, Moolalles), classifica- tion, 11, 402 location, v, 492 maps showing, 111, 96, 200 population, 1, 521; m1, 6382; v, 492 [Bull. 152 Nichols] Mole Alleg, Molealleg, Molele, Mollales. See Molallas. Momo, a Shoshonie chief, v1, 697 Monacan dialects, enumeration of, by Jefferson, 11, 292 Monacan language, 11, 292 Monacans, brief account of, v, 35 decline of, v, 37 location, v, 42 of Iroquois stock, v, 42 tribes composing, v, 36 Monadnock, etymology of name, v, 593 Monahooe, a Creek prophet, vi, 373 activities, v1, 374 death, v1, 373 Monckton, Gen., commander at Fort Pitt, vr, 241 Moncrevie (Moncrovie), J. B., vocabu- lary furnished by, 11, 348, 494 Mondamin, illustration of feast of, VI, 385 legend of, 11, 230 Monedo, Moneto. See Manito. Money, substitutes for, 1, 84-85 Mong, sachem-priest, 1, 107 reference to village of, 1, 117 Mong tribe, 1, 117 Monge, Juan Mateo, extract from diary of, 11, 301-3803 Mongolian origin of Indian tribes, theory of, v, 61-62 Mongolian race, branches of, Iv, 356 - Civilian, 1v, 856 } >‘, country occupied by, Iv, 356, 357 heads of, described, 1v, 356 Mong-o-zid, chief of Lake Superior In- dians, 0, 161 Mongul race, conquest of India by, v, 58 Monhagan, vI, 174 Monhagan (Monhegan) Island, inscrip- tion found on, vi, 608 illustration of, v1, 611 Moningwunakaun (Mo-ning-wun-a-kén- ing), chief Ojibwa town, m1, 136 town and island of, 11, 137, 188 Monk mound, rv, 128 comparison of, with Toltee struc- ture, 1, 47 Monomonees, Monomonies. nomonees. Monongahela River, battle on, v1, 216 effect of defeat on, vi, 219 Indian murders on, vi, 305 See Me- INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 137 Mononotto, a Pequot warrior, vi, 122 death of, vi, 123 Monroe, President James, belief of, con- cerning Indians, vi, 482 letter to the Senate, mI, 573-575 plans for the Indians, rv, 180, 459- 460, 484 state of tribes under, vi, 279-417 Monsees. See Munsees. Mons-o-mo, Pillager warrior, 11, 165 Monsoni. See Morisons. Monster period, antique osteology of, I, 1738-175 Mont Royal, named by Cartier, 1, 134 Montagnais (Montagnars, Montagnes, Montagnies, Montainiers), clas- sification, m1, 401 country occupied by, 1, 306; tv, 540 included in Algonquin group, 1, 36 meaning of name, v, 40 not an independent tribe, v, 40 See also Kebiks; Sheshatapoosh. Montagnais language, publications in, Iv, 540 Montagnars, Montagnes, Montagnies, Montainiers. See Montagnais. Montauk tribe, remnant of, m, 542 Montcalm, death of, v1, 234 Fort William Henry taken by, VI, 221-222 Montezuma, 1, 21 exaggeration of status of, v, 88 reference to menagerie of, Iv, 93 statement by, to Cortez, v, 106 tradition of, v, 687-688 tradition related by, 1, 19 Montezuma II, vi, 743 death of, v1, 743 Montgomery, Col., campaign against the Cherokees, vi, 240-241 Montour, Capt., vi, 230 Montour, Catherine, confused with Queen Esther, v, 670, 671, 672 residence of, v, 672 supposed burial place of, v, 673-674 town named for, v, 672 visit to Philadelphia, v, 673 Montour, Hsther. See Queen Esther. Montour, Madame, service rendered by, Iv, 326, 327 Montowampate, mention of wife of, v, 237 sagamore of Saugus, v, 237 138 Montreal, site of Indian village, Iv, 383 ; v, 76; vi, 200, 743 surrender to English, v1, 23 tribes dwelling near, v1, 714 See also Hochelaga. Montreal River, falls of, illus\ rated, rv, 187 Monuments, antiquarian, lack of, among California tribes, v, 217 lack of, among Winnebagoes, Iv, 236 of the hunter state of man, I, 44-46 proving Scandinavian visits, Iv, 119 Monusk, Chief, battle led by, v1, 266 Mooer, Hazen, quoted on divisions of the Yanktons, m1, 169 Moolalles. See Molallas. Moon, beliefs concerning, vy, 417 corn planted according to, 1, 272 dance to, Iv, 63-64 Muscogee beliefs concerning, 1, 271, 272 symbol of, in pictographs, v, 64 Moore, Col., reference to expedition of, vi, 185 Moose, range of, I, 433 Moques, Moquies. See Moquis. Moqui province, identification of, Iv, 30, 88 Moqui villages (pueblos), tv, 216; v1, 709 description, Iv, 81-82 interrelations of, 1, 519 language, v, 689 likened to seven cities of Cibola, Iv, 87 location, 1, 519 Navajo names for, Iv, 220 population, 1, 519; v, 484 reached by Spanish expedition, rv, 25 Moquis (Moques, Moquies), vi, 687 brief account of, 1, 244 ceremony to bring rain, Iv, 82 characteristics, 1, 519 cotton fabrics made by, Iv, 33 dance for rain, tv, 83-85 description by Garces, 111, 298 manners and customs, Iv, 72-91 map showing location of, 101, 96; Iv, 24 origin of sheep of, 111, 309 peacemakers for Navajoes, Iv, 210 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 | Moquis—Continued | population, 1, 244, 245, 519; m1, 683; | Iv, 85; vi, 687 semiagricultural, tv, 72 reference to weaving of, v, 106 seven villages of, Iv, 33 state of arts of, v, 204 supposed descent, 11, 29 symbol representing, m1, 307 symbolic message from, to the Pres- | ident, 111, 306-308 | Morai-uh, a Klamath River tribe and | village, tI, 138, 6384 Moran, G., vocabulary by, 11, 458 Morau, M., English warned by, at siege of Detroit, 11, 257 Moravian Church, statistics on activi- ties of, v1, 741 See also Church of the United Brethren. Moravian mission, in Dutchess County, N. Y., v, 188, 680 Moravians, at Shamokin, tv, 617 first visit to Connecticut, v, 682 influence with Delawares, v1, 316— 317 missionary labors of, v, 680-682 received at Shamokin, tv, 616 work of, Iv, 540 Morgan, James, 11, 382 Morisons, 111, 556 totem of, mI, 556 warriors, number of, m1, 556 Mormons, location of settlement of, 1, 220 relations with Indians, v, 198, 199 treachery to Indians, v, 201 Utah hostility to, 1v, 597 Morris, Capt., duty assigned to, vi, 254 Morris, Robert H., petition signed by, m1, 618 Morris, Rev. Thomas, Iv, 346 Morse, Dr. Jedediah, investigations of, vI, 421 Mortars, illustration of, 1, 88 manner of using, illustrated, Iv, 175 stone, method of making, v1, 598 Mortars and pestles, description of, 111, 466 illustrations of, 11, 90; m1, 228, 467 of California Indians, m1, 206-207 See also Pestles. Nichols] Morton, Dr. Samuel George, mI, 250 cited on physical organization, m1, 374 objects from collection of, 11, 89 physical traits of Indians described by, n, 38 physical types discussed by, 11, 315- 331 quoted on unity of tribes, v1, 573 reference to opinions of, In, 250 studies of, v, 243, 287 work of, tv, 350 Mortuary customs. See Burial cus- toms; Burials; Graves; Mourn- ing customs; Ossuaries. Mortuary pottery, description of, 1, 84 See also Burial urn; Funeral vase. Moscoso (Muscoso), De Soto’s camp- master, mI, 42 successor to De Soto, 0, 35; 111, 49; VI, 67 termination of expedition under, vI, 68 Moshoquen, mentioned by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Moultrie, Dr., cranium discussed by, 1, 320 Mound builders, conclusions regarding, mI, 393; 1v, 147-148 cultivation of corn by, m1, 30 descendants, Iv, 135-1386 discord among, 11, 30 discussion of identity, v, 135 from Mexican latitudes, 1, 64 in Pennsylvania, Iv, 326 mines worked by, 1, 97 northern limit of, 1, 56 place in scale of civilization, 1, 71 religion, 1, 72 sedentary life of, 1, 50-51 theories concerning, Iv, 182-136 traditions of wars of, Iv, 186-137 Mound period, termination of, vr, 600 “Mound prairie,” v, 664 proposed examination of, v, 665 Mounds, 11, 838-85 age of, Iv, 129-131, 137 altars buried in, 1, 73 animal-shaped, 1, 59 antique pottery from, mI, 77-82 articles of copper in, 1, 67 as altars, I, 51-52; 1v, 126 936706—54——_10 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 139 Mounds—Continued as places of offering and sacrifice, I, 51 as places of worship, 1, 72 as refuge from floods, Iv, 127; v, 110-111 at Marietta, opening of, Iv, 131-132 average size, Iv, 123-124 built as redoubts, 1, 51; 1v, 128 burial, explanation of, 1, 78 burials in, 111, 78; rv, 56, 114, 126, 127, 129-130, 181 ceremonial use of, vi, 593 character and number of, ques- tioned, Iv, 144-145 Chickasaw name for, 1, 311 classification, Iv, 127 date of, probable, rv, 137 designed for residence, tu, 77 diverse conclusions regarding, Iv, 145 dwellings on, 11, 83-84; 1v, 124-125, 134 effigy, discussion of, 1, 52-53, 59 Florida, age and size of, m1, 77-78 vessel from, I, 94 garden beds, connection with, 1, 60 gateways to, 1, 48 gradual growth of, Iv, 128, 129 in Sioux country, Iv, 67 in Virginia, v1, 609 Indian ignorance concerning, 1, 14 intrusive objects in, Iv, 132 location, 11, 70; Iv, 125, 128 Lybian characters identified in, I, 37 measurements, vi, 599 of diluvial formation, Iv, 146 of the Dacota country, 11, 176 of the Mississippi Valley, u, 69 on agricultural lands, 1, 64 on Alabama River, v, 282-283 on the Pocotaligo, 11, 89 opinion of Winnebagoes on, Iv, 231 opinion regarding, of early ex- plorers, v, 108 origin, possible, I, 355 Peruvian and Mississippi Valley, v, 93 pipes found in, 1, 68 plate showing dimensions, 1, 52 platform, explanation of, Iv, 125, 130 140 Mounds—Continued purpose, I, 179; 1v, 56, 114, 125-127; v, 104 religious origin, 1, 61 resembling teocalli of Mexico, Iv, 123 sacrificial, Iv, 126, 128 Serpent, interpretation of, 1, 82 size of, Iv, 124, 125 small, over burials, 11, 69 totemic, 1, 52-53 ; rv, 128, 666 truncated, explanation of, v, 30 types of, three, 1, 61 use, in warfare, 1, 64-65 vessel from, illustrated, 1, 94 West Virginia, articles found in, 1, 121-122 exploration of, 1, 120-121 with ditches, tv, 126 See also Grave Creek Mound ; Monk Mound; Tumuli. Mount Hope, seat of the Pokanokets, vr, 150, 154, 155 Mount Hope government, territory in- cluded in, v1, 115 Mount Juliet, occupied by Illinese, v, 192 Mount Pitt, origin of name of, m, 165 Mount Royal, naming of, v1, 57 Mount Shasté, description of, m1, 165 Mountain Indians, population of, m, 27 Mountaineers, a synonym of Montagnais (q. V.), IV, 540 synonym of Nopeming (q. v.), IV, 554 Mountpleasant, John, Tuscarora chief, m, 541 Mourning customs, v, 59, 105 California Indian, tv, 225-226 Chinook, v1, 621-622 Comanche, I, 237; 11, 68, 1383-134; v, 685 Dacotah, 111, 243; Iv, 66 Delaware, v, 685 Kenisteno, described, v, 168 illustrated, v, 168 Oregon Indian, v, 655 Osage, v, 685 sentiment expressed in, 111, 327 similar to Jewish, 1, 261-262 use of black in, 11, 68 Winnebago, Iv, 55 See also Burial customs, BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Moving of camp, 11, 76-77, 79 Muckeleses, a Creek town, v, 262 Mucoso, Chief, 111, 37, 38 derivation of name, 111, 29 Mudjeekewis, a Chippewa magistrate, v, 147 Muhlenberg, Hiester made by, tv, 324 Muhzheguning, census of band at, I, 458-467 Mukickans, warriors of, tv, 605 See also Mahicans. Mukkundwas, origin of name, vy, 145, 184 See also Pillagers. Muk-ud-a-chib, Sisseton attacked by, m1, 165 Muk-ud-a-waun-o-quod, noted Pillager warrior, 1, 165 Mukundua, Mukundwa. was. Mule-dung, a Comanche chief, 11, 128 Mul-lat-te-co, a Tuolumne band, Iv, 407 Multnomah, location of, 111, 570 population, 111, 570 Mumford, Joseph, information fur- nished by, Iv, 153 Mummies, Egyptian, hair of, 111, 393 Indian, explanation of, v1, 622 South American, hair of, m1, 388 Munceys. See Munceys and Christian Indians; Munsees. Munceys and Christian Indians, loca- tion and population of, y, 495 removal of, v, 495 Mundau. See Mundua. Mundua (Mundau, Mundwa), vi, 35 exterminated by Ojibwas, 1, 186, 140 war with Chippewas, v, 39 Mundwa. See Mundua. Munro, Col., Fort William Henry de- fended by, vi, 221-222 Munroe, Gov., Iv, 210; vi, 709 Munsays. See Munsees. Munsees (Minsi, Monsees, Munceys, Munsays, Munsies), vi, 133, 488, 687 affiliations, Iv, 617 also called Delawares, v, 41 H., translation See Mukkund- Nichols] Munsees—Continued and Delawares, brief account of, In, 561 location and population of, v1, 275 watriors of, 11, 561 annuities of, 11, 588 classification, 111, 401; v, 145 connection with Delawares, II, 592 country occupied by, v, 495, 668, 669; v1, 82, 705, 714 cranial measurements, I, 335 divisions, v1, 147 emigration, vi, 504, 505 hunting grounds, vi, 714 included in Christian Indians, v, 506 language spoken by, 1, 341 Lenno Lenapees, a totemic division of, vI, 147 migrations, v1, 317 population, 1, 523; v, 495, 668; vI, 275, 687, 705, 707, 714 reference to dialect of, 11, 96 removal, v, 495; vi, 516, 536 Senecas joined by, 11, 561 subjection of, by Iroquois, 1, 37; Iv, 617 See also Munceys and Christian Indians; Stockbridges and Mun- sees. Munsies. See Munsees. Murder, punishment for, 1, 277; m1, 183; v, 653 Murek. See Morai-uh. Murphey, census of neighborhood of, I, 508-517 Murphy, Henry C., petition signed by, mm, 618 Mur-til-par, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, vy, 488 census of, v, 488 Muscalaroes, Muscaleros. leros. Muscle Shoals, reference to, I, 346 Muscoculges. See Muskogees. Muscodanig, a synonym of Miscotins (Mascoutens, q. v.), v, 41 Muscogee (Muscogulgee) Confederacy. See Muskogees. Muscogee language. language. See Mesca- See Muskogee INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 141 Muscogulges. “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Muscogees, Muscogies, See Muskogees. Muscoso. See Moscoso. Museum, anthropological, regarding, Iv, 660 Mushalatubbee, a Choctaw district, Iv, 582 Mushkeags, country occupied by, v1, 33 See also Maskigos; Muskegos. Mushkodains (Musheodainsug, Mush- kodainsug), account of, 1, 307 garden beds attributed to, 1, 59 identified as Mascoutens, I, 307 ossuaries attributed to, I, 69 See also Mascoutens. Mushulatubbee, annuity provided for, vi, 403 Music, Indian: Carib, m1, 312 Chippewa war song, v, 562 chorus in, Iv, 71 mnemonic symbols for, 11, 226-228 simplicity of, 1v, 71 time in, observance of, 11, 514 use of reeds in, Iv, 73-74 See also Chants; Music-boards; Musical instruments; Songs. Music boards, 1, 361-362 explanation of, v1, 606 lacking among Sioux, Iv, 71 pictographs on, 1, 112 Musical instruments, antique Mexican, vi, 580, 588 California Indian, v, 650 Dacotah, iv, 71 description of, 11, 514 illustrations of, 11, 514 Klamath Indian, 1, 173 Pueblo, Iv, 74 use of, 11, 514 See also Drum; Flute; Rattles. Mus-ka-le-ras. See Mescaleros. Muskegos (Muskegoes, Muskigoes), also called Nopemings, v, 41 origin and meaning of the name, V, 145 reference to food of, 1, 41 separation of, from Ojibwas, 1, 1389 See also Maskigos; Mushkeags. suggestion 142 Musketoons, 1m, 561 collective name for Weas, Pianka- shaws, ete., vI, 275 warriors, I, 561 See also Mascoutens. Muskhogean stock. See Apalachians; Chocta-Muskhog. Muskigoes. See Muskegos. Muskingum River, Indians of, v1, 207, 260, 275, 714 Muskingum towns, expedition against, vI, 317-318 Muskogee (Muscogee, Muskokee) langu- age, dialects of, 1, 268 geographical names in, with deri- vation, iv, 880-381 publications in, 1v, 546 vocabulary of (numerals), 0, 220; Iv, 416-429 See also Creek language. Muskogees (Muscoculges, Muscogees, Muscogies, Muskhogee, Muskho- ghee), v, 99, 251-283 account of, I, 265-283 allies of the French, vi, 237 attempt to gather statistics on, v, 482 beliefs, 1, 269, 271, 272 calendar system, 1, 271-272 census, Iv, 575-581 Chicoreans incorporated with, 1, 96 classification, 1, 197; m1, 29, 401; v, 42 country of, described, I, 269-270 cranial capacity, m1, 335; v, 244 creation myth, I, 266 De Soto in territory of, 1, 184 forts erected by, v, 110 head flattening among, u, 325 linguistic relations, m1, 404 location, I, 266; v, 577; vi, 32 metal plates of, illustrated, m1, 89 preserved by, 111, 88-90 migration, 1, 267; 1, 32 name, origin of, VI, 333 for the Creeks, v, 504; vi, 47, 333 former, 1, 32 synonomy, I, 266 origin, m1, 84 claim, Iv, 148 peace negotiated by, vi, 332-833 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Muskogees—Continued period of supremacy, v, 115 population, 1, 266 reference to Salie law of, m1, 40 tribes conquered by, 11, 32; 111, 27 See also Creeks; Machecous. Muskrat, hunting of, 0, 51 Musquakeys (Musquiakis) and others, dwelling grounds, vi, 714 hunting grounds, vi, 714 population, vi, 714 warriors, estimate of, 111, 555 See also Foxes. Musquatons and others, dwelling grounds, vi, 714 hunting grounds, vi, 714 population, vi, 714 Musquiakis. See Musquakeys. Musquins, Mexican name for Oraivaz, Iv, 87 Musquitans (Musquitons), grounds, vi, 714 hunting grounds, v1, 714 population, vi, 714 warriors, estimate of, 1, 554 See also Mascoutens. Mustees and Mulattoes, number of, at California missions, 1, 520 Mutilation, self, as a sign of mourning, 11, 134 Muzzinabiks, 605, 606 Myeengun, Chief, inscription recording exploits of, 1, 406, 414 Mynomanies and _ others, grounds, vi, 714 hunting grounds, v1, 714 population, v1, 714 See also Menominee. Myontonimo. See Miontonimo. Mystic River, Pequot fort on, v1, 118, 21 Mythology, v, 406-411 and oral tradition, 1, 316-332 importance of study of, 1v, 660 Indian, basic theory of, um, 435 lack among Comanche, 1, 237 of Mississippi Valley tribes, vI, 647-657 of the Algonquins, Iv, 255; vi, 658— 663 of the Chippewa, v, 149-150 of the Dacotahs, mm, 231-246 dwelling inscriptions called, VI, dwelling Nichols] Mythology—Continued of the Six Nations, v1, 666—670 oriental and occidental, coinci- dences in, Iv, 664 Toltee and Aztec, v1, 636-646 See also Gods. Myths. See Legends; Origin traditions. N Naagutl. See Nai-a-gutl. Naamikeke, ‘Christian Indians” at, v, 225 Naa nee aa ghee, a Stikeen River tribe, v, 489 census of, v, 489 Naass, listed as a linguistic family, 111, 402 Nabaduchoes. See Nabedaches. Nabajos. See Navajoes. Nabanois, chief, Chippewa leader, 1, 304 Nabedaches (Nabaduchoes), brief ac- count of, 1, 239 classification, 111, 402 Nabhow, mention of wife of, v, 237 Nabil-tse language, probably from Rogue’s River, m1, 423 See also Hoopah language. Naboh, a California band, m, 116 Nacado-cheets, brief account of, I, 239 See also Nacogdoches. Na-che-ning-a, lowa chief, characteri- zation of, 111, 265 Nacogdoches, missionary work among, vi, 734 See also Nacado-cheets. Nacook, derivation of name, v, 225 Naddod, of Norway, discovery made by, vi, 742 Nadowa, Algonquin name for Iroquois, 1m, 292+ vi, 236 Nadowaig (Nodowaig, Nod-o-ways), a synonym of Iroquois, 0, 186; v, 39 defeat by Ojibwas, m1, 149 enemies of Chippewas (Ojibwa), I, 136; v, 39 Nadowasie [Sioux], v1, 687 Nado-wassies (Iroquois), a name for the Iroquois, v1, 194 foes of Adirondacks, v1, 194 Nadowegoning, meaning of name, tv, 383 Nadowesies, v, 647 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 143 Naemkeck, listed by Capt. John Smith. “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” v, 218 Nago-nabe, head of Mille Lac band, n, 222 Nagondagon, census of band at, 1, 458- 467 Nahane. See Nohannies. Nah-dah-waig, a synonym of Iroquois, v, 193 Nahuatlacs, traditions of, v, 96 Nai-aguth, a Klamath River tribe, m1, 634 Nai-a-gutl, a village on Klamath River, 11, 138 Naikun. See Ne coon. Naimkeak, a synonym of Amoskeag (Qaive) pave eee, Naked-head, a Comanche chief, U, 128 Nakoaktok. See Nar kock tau. Naloh, a California tribe, v1, 711 Namabin River, inscription on rocks of, I, 406 Namaha River, tribe on, vi, 548 Namanamin, population unknown, I, 521 Namansket, Indian attack on, v1, 165 Namaoskeag(s), application of the name, vy, 223, 224 location, v, 221 name, variants of, v, 221-222 Village at, v, 224 See also Amoskeag; Namaske. Namaske (Namaskeke, Namaskike), a synonym of Amoskeag, v, 222, 234 Indian fishing place, v, 232, 233 location, v, 225, 284 See also Amoskeag; Namaoskeag. Namaskeke, Namaskiki. See Namaske. Nambe, language, v, 689 population, 11, 633; vi, 687, 709 remarks, vi, 687 Nameanilieu, number of warriors, 111, 556 totems, II, 556 Names, aboriginal American, with etymology, m1, 510-549 miscellaneous, of Indian origin [letter B], rv, 554-564 of Chippewa delegation, 1, 417-420 of Indian origin [A to Z], v, 535—- 542 of the dead, custom concerning, VI, 633 144 Names—Continued of tribes, confusion in, vi, 137 for themselves, vi, 572-573 popular, 1, 195 of villages, source of, 0, 171 See also Names, geographical; Names, personal; Naming cus- toms; Place names. Names, geographical, Algonquin, with derivations, Iv, 379-380 Dacotah, with derivations, Iv, 384 Iroquois, with derivations, Iv, 381- 384 left by Algonquins, r1, 75 list with derivations, Iv, 379-884 Muscogee, with derivations, Iv, 380-881 Nézperce, I, 226 of Indian origin [letter C], m1, 501— 509; v, 570-577 suggestions for, v, 621-625 tribes located by, 1v, 667 See also Place names. Names, personal, aversion to use of, IV, PAL, bestowal of, m1, 189; v1, 660 lists of, with meanings, Iv, 377-379 of the “Cushna” tribe, 11, 507-508 secret nature, 11, 66 sources, I, 34; 11, 65-66; 111, 61; Iv, 377-379 taboos concerning, 0, 196; v1, 633 See also Naming customs. Nameuilini. See Nameailieu. Naming customs, Algonquin, v1, 660 Comanche, m1, 182 concerning animals, 111, 153 Dacotah, m1, 234, 240 See also Names. Namoit, population unknown, I, 521 Nanabozho. See Manabozho. Nanamacomuck, brief account of, v, 237 Nanandawi idiwa, a healing ceremony, v, 437-440 Nandakoes, classification of, m1, 402 See also Anadarko. Nanticokes (Nanticos), v, 1387; v1, 141 alliance made by, vi, 182 and others, population of, v1, 270 classification, m1, 401 colony in territory of, v1, 744 country occupied by, v, 38, 668; v1, 131, 714 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull]. 152 Nanticokes—Continued hunting grounds, vi, 714 identical with Conoys, vi, 132 in league with Iroquois, vI, 182 language of, reference to, m1, 36 location of, v1, 131 migrations, 1v, 563; v1, 1382 population, v, 668; v1, 714 subjection to Iroquois, Iv, 617 Nanticos. See Nanticokes. Nantucket Indians (Nantuckets), affil- iations of, v1, 150 missionary work among, VI, 734, 736 Na-po-batin(s), a collective name, IH, 110 language, 111, 116 Nar-a-tah, Waco name for Comanches, i, 126 Narent Chouan, number of warriors at, It, 553 Nar kock tau, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census of, v, 488 Narragansett Bay, Indians living on, View Oss Narragansetts, vi, 1138, 114, 115, 480, 687 chief of, v1, 173 classification, 111, 401 cranial measurements, 11, 335 derivation of name, v, 38 feud of, reference to vi, 178 in King Philip’s War, v1, 154, 155, 172 land claimed by, 11, 583 location, m1, 583; v, 218; vi, 125 migration tradition, v, 98 overthrow, v1, 166-167 population, 1, 524; 11, 583; vi, 687 relations with the English, vi, 111, 125-126 slaughter of, v1, 163 treaty made with, vI, 155 tribal circle, v1, 173 wars of, vi, 125-127; 161-167 Narvaez, Pamphilio de, Creek opposi- tion to, v1, 369 defeat by Cortez, vi, 7438 by Indians, v, 410 difficulties encountered by, m, 33 discovery made by, 1, 1338 expedition of, 1, 185; m1, 20-21; m, 28-338; vi, 44-47, 58, 743 Nichols] INDEX TO Narvaez—Continued hostility to, cause of, 111, 26 relations with Indians, 11, 83-34 Naseapee. See Scofiies. Nashoways. See Nashuas. Nashua, Eliot’s preaching at, v, 233 Nashua River, meaning of the name, Verool Nashuas (Nashoways), affiliations of, v1, 150 land occupied by, v, 221 subservient to Pennacooks, v, 222 Nasomah (Nassoma), a Rogue River band, v1, 702 census, v, 492; vi, 702 Nass Indians, census of, v, 487 Indian names for tribes of, v, 487 language spoken by, v, 487 location, v, 487 Nass River, tribes of, v, 487 Nassaque, listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Nassoma. See Nasomah. Nasumi. See Nasomah. Nasutan, Eliot aided by, vi, 107, 530 Natacooks, origin of the name, v, 221 synonym of Souhegan, v, 221 Nataotin. See Nateotetains. Nat-che-to, Chief, v, 198 Natchez, a Creek town, v, 262 Natchez (Natches, Nauchee, Nautches), Iv, 614; v, 115 absorbed by Creeks, vi, 370 Appalachian by conquest, v, 42 called Chigantualga, v, 99 classification, 1, 343, 345; m1, 401; vI, 31, 47 conquered by Creeks, v1, 365 country occupied by, m1, 559; v1, 32 Creek nation, part of the, v, 260 decline of, v1, 628 extermination of, 11, 324 fire worship among, v, 67 government, VI, 626-627 head flattening among, m1, 324 hostility to De Soto, 111, 49 language, I, 268; 1, 82; m1, 404; v, 99 maps showing location, 1, 28; v, 253 medical practices, vi, 6382 mound-building, rv, 148 origin tradition, v, 61; v1, 32 SCHOOLCRAFT’S 145 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Natchez—Continued perpetual fire of, v, 68 population, Iv, 381; vi, 272 sun worship, Iv, 6389; v, 68, 103; v1, 626-628 unclassified, 11, 83 warriors, estimate of number, 111, 505, 559 Natchitoches, classification of, 1, 402 location, 111, 585, 596 population, 111, 585, 596 Nateotetains, population of, 11, 28 Natheldianeh, signer of treaty, vi, 144 Natic (Natick) Indians, cranial capac- ity of, v, 244 measurements, II, 335 influence of civilization on, v1, 125 missionary work among, vi, 734 Natic language, Bible in, described, tv, 529-530 classification, v, 145-146 list of words from, v, 39 So called by Eliot, v1, 108 vocabulary, v, 556-557 Natic (Natick) village, Indians at, 1, 287 ; v, 225 meaning of name, v, 225 Natick. See Natic. Natio perticarum, a synonym of Andas- tes, vI, 137 National Observatory, expedition from, v, 93 Natootetains, an Athapascan tribe, 11, 542 Naticook (Natticook), a Pennacook vil- lage, v, 230 derivation of name, yv, 225 Nauchee. See Natchez. Naumkeag, a synonym of Amoskeag, v, 222 cranial measurements, 11, 335 See also Amoskeag. Natini (Na-itini, Na-u-ni), classification of, 11, 343 Comanche name for themselves, 1, 126 meaning of name, 11, 126 population, 1, 518 synonym of Comanches, , 125 See also Comanches. Nauniem. See No-na-um. Nautches. See Natchez. 146 Nautowas, alliance with Menomonie, 1, 804 See also Iroquois. Navaho. See Navajoes. Navajo blankets. See Blankets. Navajo language, affinities, Iv, 217; Vv, 203, 689 numerals, Iv, 429-431 vocabulary, tiv, 416-429 Navajoes (Nabajos, Navahoes), tv, 82, 83; vI, 687 account of, 1, 243; Iv, 209-215, 217- 220 and Utahs, described, v, 200 arts of, state of, v, 204 beliefs of, v1, 568 characteristics, 1, 519; Iv, 209, 211 comparative civilization of, Iv, 218 country of, described, Iv, 209, 211- 212 creation myth, 1v, 89-91, 218-220 dialect of, mentioned, v, 203 expedition against, 1, 246; 1v, 209- 211 ill treatment of, iv, 211, 215 illustration showing country of, Iv, 210 life of, 1v, 89 linguistic affinities, Iv, 217; v, 203, 689 manners and customs, Iv, 72-91 map showing location, m1, 96; 1v, 24 marriage customs, Iv, 214 missionary work among, vy, 503 nomadie nature, 11, 70; 1v, 213 population, 1, 244, 245, 519; rv, 214, 220; v, 484, 498; vi, 687, 705 Pueblos harassed by, iv, 81 reputed builders of ““Casas Grande,” mT 297 sheep of, origin of, 111, 309 social organization, tv, 211 supposed descent of, 11, 29 territory occupied by, Iv, 216; vI, 705 traditions of, v, 203 weaving, reference to, v, 106 wigwam of, described, 11, 70 Navasink. See Navesink. Navesink (Navisinks), name, Iv, 380 location, v1, 100 Nawagizhi, an Ottowa chief, v1, 386 Meaning of BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Nadowissnees [Sioux], name, vi, 34 Na wee tee (Newittee), a Queen Char- lotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 classification, 111, 402 Naw-hu-hu-kaw, opinion of, cited, rv, 231 meaning of Nawiti. See Na wee tee. Naw-key-ku-kaw’s band, census of, I, 498-507 Nawunena. See Ner-mon-sin-nan-see. Ne ah micco, chief at So woe co lo, Iv, 580 Nebraska Territory, data on land of, v, 501 Indian lands in, tv, 183; v, 486 Indian population, v, 486 knowledge of tribes of, 1, 198 population and area, Iv, 610 tribes of, v, 494 Necariages, admitted to Iroquois con- federacy, 111, 198-199 See also Amikwa. Nechacoke Indians, location of, m1, 570 population, m1, 570 Necklaces, bead, illustrated, m1, 69 bear-claw, as amulet, m1, 69 illustrated, 111, 68 symbolism of, 111, 69 Ne coon, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Ne cul ta, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 Needles, bone, specimens, I, 68 Neeketoos, location, m1, 571 population, m1, 571 Neerchokioon, a Shahalah tribe, 111, 570 location, 111, 570 Nees lous, a division of the Sabassas, v, 487 census, v, 487 Nee-wa-mish (Nee-wam-ish) Indians, language, Iv, 600 location, Iv, 598 population, Iv, 598 See also Dwamish. Ne-gan-e-ke-shig, biography of, m1, 163- 165 Nichols] Negroes, a cause of trouble, I, 281 among the Seminoles, vi, 5384 mixture with Indians, 1, 287 part taken in Seminole War, v1, 469, 473 slaves of Creek towns, Iv, 578 status among the Dacotah, m1, 248 tradition concerning origin, Iv, 229 See also Ethiopian race. Nehantics, allies of Pequots, v1, 118 See also Ninantics; Nocanticks. Ne har mic co, a Cussetaw Town chief, Iv, 579 Ne har thlock o, chief at Tol o war thlock o, Iv, 580 Ne haw lacco chop-co, of Tuck a batch cha Town, tv, 575 Neighbors, R. S., 1, 229, 260 Indian population reports by, 1, 518; v, 483; vi, 708 report by, on the Comanches, H, 125-134 vocabulary by, 0, 494; v, 217 Neill, E. D., historical sketch by, v, 646-648 Nelson, Judge, v, 669 Nelyetahneska, chief of the Whistana- tin, vi, 702 Nemalquinner, location and population of, 111, 570 Nemattanow, treachery and death of, vi, 98-99 Ne-me-te-kah, Chief, band under, v, 201 meaning of name, v, 201 Nenabozhoo, the creator, v, 418, 419 See also Manabosho. Neosho Agency, census, 1, 498-507 Neosho Colony, Indians within, 1v, 460 Neosho River, De Soto encamped on, VI, 67 Neosho-Senecas, population of, tv, 590 report on, Iv, 590-591 Neosho-Senecas and Shawnees, popula- tion of, Iv, 590; vi, 687 report on, Iv, 590-591 Neotetains, burial custom, v, 59 Nepersinians. See Nipercineans. Nepicinquis, m1, 554 totems, 11, 554 warriors, number of, 111, 554 See also Nipissins. Nepisings. See Nipissins. Nepoaset, vi, 108 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. 8. INDIAN TRIBES” 147 Neponsetts, affiliations, vz, 150 Ner-mon-sin-nan-see, the southern band of Arapaho, v, 496 Nesqually. See Nisqually. Nets, use in fishing, 0, 51, 52, 53 Neu-mon-ga, Iowa chief, characteriza- tion, 111, 265 Neus River, Indian village on, vi, 86 Neuse River valley, tribe occupying, VI, 182 Neuter Nation; Neuters. See Neutral Nation. Neutral Ground, ceded by Winnebagoes, II, 282 description of, rv, 236-238 location of tract called, m1, 280 removal of Winnebago to, m1, 281, 282; vi, 488, 497-498, 505 theory of, v1, 505 Neutral Nation (Neuter Nation, Neu- ters, account of, Iv, 204-208 bondage, living in, 1v, 208 classification, vi, 137 description by Breboeuf, tv, 205 destruction by the Iroquois, mI, 289-290 driven off by Iroquois, m1, 196, 291 Hries at head of, 11, 85-86 forts built by, v, 109 identification, 111, 289, 290; 1v, 203, 208 Iroquois name for, tv, 208 language, 111, 290; Iv, 207 linguistic affinities of, rv, 207 location, m1, 289; Iv, 204 name, v1, 148-149 French, for the Hries, rv, 198 Iroquois, Iv, 208 synonyms, IV, 207 population, Iv, 207 towns, Iv, 207 war against Maskouten, Iv, 206 war on, by Iroquois, v, 137 by Senecas, vi, 148 See also Attionandarons. Ne-u-tub-vig Indians, language, mention of, 1v, 600 location and population, Iv, 598 New Brunswick, first settlers in, v, 674, 677 tribes of, v, 38, 219 history of, v, 674-680 148 New Caledonia, cremation practiced in, I, 102 New Dungeness Indians, population of, v, 491; vi, 703 New Echota, dissension over treaty of, vI, 466-467, 474-475, 490, 493, 500, 501, 503, 512-513 New England, ancient names of, vi, 104 eorn of, 1, 29 tribal circles of, v1, 173 tribes of, v, 38 white population in 1673, vi, 152 New England tribes, account of, v1, 109- 112, 113-127 condition of, 1, 284 inroads upon, v, 231 listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 number of, 1, 284 relations with colonists, vI, 125-126 wars of, vI, 125-127 New Fire, Aztec, reference to, v, 169 New Fire ceremony, description of, v, 267-268 suggestive of Toltec origin, Iv, 639 Newfoundland, Cabot’s landing at, VI, 743 discovery of, v1, 608 voyages to, v1, 48 New France, named by Verrazani, VI, 73 New Galicia, mention of, rv, 22, 23 New Hampshire, Indians occupying coast of, vi, 744 population and area of, Iv, 610 relics from, Iv, 175 New Hope Academy, Choctaw education at, Iv, 585 New Jersey, population and area, Iv, 610 New London, naming of, vi, 124 New Mexico, ancient civilization in, v, 112 ancient pictographs in, vi, 604 Indian lands in, rv, 183 Indian population of, 1, 245, 518, 523; v, 484; vi, 687 inscriptions from, 253-254 illustrated, rv, 253; vi, 69 land of, v, 501 map of part of, Iv, 24 population, y1, 709 and area, Iv, 610 described, Iv, BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 New Mexico—Continued pueblos, 1, 519; m1, 633 tribes, 1, 245, 519 New Mexico Indians, vi, 687 affinities of dialects of, v, 689 population, 1, 245; v1, 687 report on, I, 555-556 tribes, described, 1, 242-246; tv, 216-221; v, 197, 202 list of, 1, 245, 519 New Netherlands, taken by English, v1, 146 New Orleans, founding of, v, 108; v1, 185, 196 New River, Indian name for, 11, 116 New Yareau town. See New-yau-kau. New York (1) [State], antiquities of, 11, 90-91; rv, 173-174 illustrated, v, 85 artesian borings in, 1, 162 census, Indian, first attempted by, v, 481 of reservations in, v1, 690 explorations in, v1, 100-102 geography, physical, 1, 176-180 geology of, 1, 163-165 Indian lands in, m1, 5838, 586; v, 480 Indian population of, 11, 583, 586, 610; v, 480; v1, 707 Iroquois population of, vi, 706 mortuary pottery from, I, 84 population and area of, rv, 610 treaties with, made by Iroquois, vI, 324 tribes of, v, 41; v1, 34, 147 western, antiquities of, v, 666-674; vI, 609 history of, v, 666-674 topography of, 1, 163-165 tribes of, v1, 275 New York (2), a Creek town, v, 262 origin of name, v, 262 New York Bay, discovery of, v1, 100 tribes surrounding, v1, 100 New York harbor, first Europeans at, v1, 42 New York Indians, funds required for, 1, 566 lands claimed by, 11, 583 lands of, Iv, 572 population of, rv, 572; vi, 694 Nichols] New York Indians—Continued treaty settling boundary for, v1, 422 See also under tribal names. Newberry, William, Chickasaw division of, 1, 508 Newichewannocks, location of, v, 223 members of Pennacook Confed- eracy, v, 223 origin of name, v, 223 Newittee. See Na wee tee. Newport, Christopher, expedition com- manded by, vI, 96 Newport Ruin, description, rv, 150-152 fallacy concerning, Iv, 117 illustration of, Iv, 121 theories concerning, Iv, 152-155 true character, Iv, 121 Newriver, Gen., rule of, over Ctawbas, Tir, 295 Newtown Point, treaty made at, v, 668 New-yau-kau (New Yarcau town), VI, 371 derivation of name, tv, 381 Nez Perce language, publications in, rv, 551 Nez Percés, v1, 688 burials of, v, 655 classification, m1, 402 crime among, v, 654 enemies of Blackfeet, v, 181 hunting grounds, 1, 221 location, v1, 700 maps showing, 111, 96, 200 manners and customs, v, 652 marriage customs, v, 654 medicine men of, hereditary, v, 652 names in language of, I, 226 physical characteristics, v, 656 population, 1, 521; 111, 632; v, 705, 706, 707; v1, 688, 700, 701 See also Chopunnish; Sahaptins. Niagara, derivation of name, tv, 381-382 mention of stoneheap at, v, 104 See also Fort Niagara. Niagara Indians, represented at Can- andaigua council, vI, 326 Niagara River, Indians of, v1, 148 Niagara River Valley, Indians of, v, 144 Niantic. See Nehantiecs; Ninantics; Nocanticks. Nichols, Col., mention of retreat of, v1, 376 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 149 Nicolas, Louis, missionary work of, v, 648 Nicolet, J. J. See Nicollet, N. J. Nicoll, Henry, petition signed by, mm, 618 Nicollet, N. J. (Nicolet, J. J.) caves de- scribed by, 11, 95-99 ceremony witnessed by, v, 422 Lake Itasca visited by, 1, 148 Nicostratus, reference to, tv, 511 Nicotiana. See Tobacco. Nigh tan, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Nightasis. See Nigh tan. Nim kish, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census of, v, 488 Nimsewi. See Nimsus. Nimsus, location of, v1, 710 Ninantics, controlled by Sassacus, v1, 112 See also Nehantics; Nocanticks. Ninegret, vi, 112 captive Pequots assigned to, v1, 123 Ningwegon, vi, 382 Ninivoan, Ninivois, Minivoa. Nipegon, derivation of name, 111, 524 Nipercineans (Nepersinians, Nipercin- ians), classification, 11, 36; v, 145 identification, v, 144, 146 origin and language, v, 144 origin of name, 1, 358 other names for, v, 41 territory occupied by, 1, 307 true Algonquins, 1, 307 See also Nipissins. Nipercinians. See Nipercineans. Nipigon, 1, 304 Nipiseing. See Nipissins. Nipissing. See Nipissins. Nipissingo. See Nipissins. Nipissins (Nepisings, Nipiseing, Nipis- singo, Nipissiriens), application of name, v, 143 country occupied by, 111, 559 name, meaning of, v, 40 synonymy, v, 41 not an independent tribe, v, 40 warriors, estimate of, m1, 559 See also Nepicinquis ; Nipercineans ; O-dish-quag-um-eeg. Ninivona. See 150 Nipissiriens. See Nipissins. Nipmuck(s), affiliations of, v1, 150 allies of King Philip, v1, 155 application of name, v, 223 country inhabited by, v, 218 derivation of name, v, 223 hostilities of, v1, 158 Nishcaudjinine, an Ottowa chief, vI, 386 Nishrams, murder by, of medicine-man, v, 653 Niska. See Nass Indians. Nisqualli. See Nisqually. Nisqually (Nesqually) Indians, 11, 632 location, Iv, 598 maps showing location of, 11, 96, 200 population, Iv, 598; v, 705 See also Qualliamish; Skwalz; Squalliamish. Nisqually River, Indian population of, v, 491 tribes on, vi, 703 Nitschman, Bishop David, missionary work of, v, 680 Niuna (Niyuna), v, 81; v1, 34, 489, 688 Comanche name for themselves, y, 576 synonym of Comanches, v, 483; VI, 686 See also Comanches. Niuyaka. See New-yau-kau ; New York (2). Niyuna. See Niuna. Noachian epoch, in progress of civiiiza- tion, 11, 45 Noah, Lt., tv, 680 Nocanticks, affiliations of, v1, 150 See also Nehantics. No cle pisa hargo, a Creek chief, Iv, 576 Nodowaig. See Nadowaig. Nodowaqua, story of, 1v, 49 Nodoway, meaning of the word, 11, 139 Nod-o-ways. See Nadowaig. Nod-o-way-se-wug, Ojibwa name Sioux, um, 139 Ojibwa name for Six Nations, 11, 139 Nohannies, an Athapascan tribe, 11, 542 population of, 1, 28 Noht-scho, a Klamath River tribe and village, m1, 138, 634 for BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Noka (No-ka), v, 184 biography of, brief, 11, 162-163 Chippewa chief, v, 98, 148 Noka River, alleged origin of name, I, 163 Nokay (No-kay), Chippewa hunter, ex- ploit of, m, 54 Ojibwa war party led by, 11, 155 No-ko-nies, a Comanche division, 11, 127 meaning of the name, 01, 127 Nomadie life, effect of, on Indian cul- ture, v, 392-393 Nomadic tribes, country occupied by, v1, 705 on Upper Missouri, vi, 695 population of, v1, 705 Nome Cult Valley, Indian population of, vi, 715 report on conditions at, v1, 717 Nome Lake Reservation, population of, vi, 715 report on conditions at, v1, 716-717 Nomenclature. See Names. Nonantums, affiliations of, vi, 150 Nonatomenut, petition signed by, v, 237 No-na-um, a Comanche division, 1, 128 meaning of name, 1, 128 Nooklummi(e), brief account of, v, 701 census, v, 704 See also Lummi. Nookluolamic, population, v1, 701 See also Lummi. Nooksaak, location, v, 704; v1, 703 population, v, 491, 704; v1, 703 Noosclalum (Nooselalum, Noostla- lums), brief account of, v1, 700 population, 1, 521; vi, 701 See also Clallams. Noosechatl (Noo-seh-chatl), a Sawam- ish band, v, 703 Noosechatl, village of, location, v, 703; vi, 703 population, v, 703; v1, 703 Nooselalum. See Noosclalum. Noostlalums. See Noosclalum. Noothum (Noot-hum-mic), language, mention of, 1v, 600 location, Iv, 598 See also Lummi. Noot-hum-miec. See Noothum. Nootka. See Nootka-Columbians. Nichols] Nootka-Columbians, color of, 11, 321 head flattening among, 1, 325, 326, 328 territory occupied by, 11, 325 tribes composing, 11, 325 Nootkans. See Nootka-Columbians. Nopemings, not an independent tribe, v, 40 name, origin and meaning of, v, 40, 145 synonymy, v, 41 village of, rv, 554 Norridgewock (town), v1, 174 missionary work at, v1, 174-175 Norridgewocks, an Abenaki division, ti, 512 brief account of, 111, 512 ealled Abanakis, v, 218 location, v, 218 North Carolina, Cherokees of, Iv, 607 occupation of, v1, 179 population and area, rv, 610 tribes of, v, 42; vI, 31-82, 33, 182 size, v1, 182 North Yanktons, a Yankton band, m1, 169 Northmen, discoveries made by, v1, 742 visits to America, I, 106 North-west Company, activities, 1, 139- 140 Northwest Territory, effect of establish- ment, vi, 348 Indian lands in, rv, 183 population and area, Iv, 610 Norton, Mohawk chief, work attributed to, Iv, 526 Norwalk School, Choctaw, report on, rv, 585 Norwood, Dr. J. G., reference to work of, Iv, 190 Nose ornaments, emerald, 1, 111 illustration, 111, 69, pl. 14 of California Indians, 1m, 141-142 Notched stick, a musical instrument, 1, 514 Nott, Josiah, mm, 382, 383, 388 acknowledgment to, 111, 376 Nottaways. See Nottoways. Nottowas. See Nottoways. Nottoways (Nottaways, Nottowas), Algonquin name for Iroquois, 111, 292 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 151 Nottoways—Continued amalgamated with Negroes, I, 524, v, 36 classification, 111, 401 country occupied by, m1, 196 included in Monacan dialects, m1, 292 lands claimed by, m1, 583 location, m1, 196, 583 name, origin of, v, 36 population, 1m, 583; v1, 688 remarks, vi, 688 remnant, location of, v, 36-37 Nourse, Joseph, letter regarding Indian lands, 11, 582-583 statements furnished by, m1, 590 Nova Scotia, discovery, v1, 608 tribes, v, 38, 219 N’quachamish, location, v, 704; v1, 703 population, v, 704; v1, 703 Skagit division, v, 704 N’quutl-ma-mish location, a Sin-a-ho- mish band, v, 704 population, v, 704 Nsirtshaus, classification, m1, 402 See also Tillamooks. Nukwatsamish. See N’quachamish. Nu-mal-tachee, a Tuolumne band, Iv, 407 Numbers. See Numerals. Numeral system, Comanche, 1, 233 Creek, 1, 273 Numerals, Apachee, v, 587-589 Arapahoes, tI, 457-459 Assiniboine, Iv, 429-431, 432 Caddo, v, 711 Cheyennes, rt, 457-459 Creek method of recording, 1, 273 Indian discussion of, vy, 712 Mandan, m, 457-459 Micmac, v, 587 Mohawk, v, 646 Navajo, 1v, 429-481 Pueblo (Zufi), m1, 457-459 ; rv, 429- 431 Tuscarora, v, 646 Witchita, v, 711 Numerals. See also Numeration. Numeration, Cherokee, m1, 209-211 Chippewa (Ojibwa), 1, 216-218 Choctaw, 1, 204-206 Comanche, 1, 129-130 Cuchan or Yuma, 1, 120 152 Numeration—Continued Dacota, 1, 178, 206-208 Hitchittee or Chell-o-kee dialect, I, 220-221 Indian power of, v, 244 Ojibwa of Chegoimegon, m1, 211-213 Pillager, 1, 213 Winnebago, 11, 214-216; Iv, 241 Wyandot, 11, 218-220 See also Numerals. Nummi River, Indian population, v, 491 Nundowa, meaning of name, VI, 326 Seneca name for themselves, VI, 326 Nufiez Cabeza de Vaca. See Cabeca de Vaca. (Caba de Vaca). Nuschtsatl. See Noo-seh-chatl. Nusconcus, listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 O Oajaca (State) antiquities, v1, 582-583 Oak choy (Oakchoys), a Creek town, Iv, 578; v, 262 Oak fuska Town. See Oakfuskee. Oakford, Dr., crania received from, 0, 326 Oakfuskee (Oak fuska Town, Ocfus- kee), vi, 371 chiefs, Iv, 576 Creek town, Iv, 576; v, 262 Oakfuskies, at Oglethorpe’s conference, v, 278 Oakmulgee Creek, early Creek settle- ment on, v, 98 Oak taw sar seg, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Oath, Dacotah form of, m1, 244 Obigwadens, a noted Pillager, v, 189 Oboylaco, Creek chief, friendly to colon- ists, v1, 296 Obsidian, antiquities, carved, vi, 579, 587-588 : arrowheads, 111, 467; v, 114 knives, I, 92 occurrence in Snake country, I, 209 Obstetrics among Indians, rv, 515 See also Childbirth. Obunegos (O-buh-ne-go), legend con- cerning v, 192 location, v, 192 relations with Michigamies, v, 196 See also Abnaki. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 O-bwah-nug, a synonym for Sioux, v, 1938 Ocapa, an Arkansas village, 11, 537 Occom, Rev. Mr., activities, rv, 563 See also Occum, Sampson. Occoquon Island, colony on, vi, 86 English arrival, vr, 85 Occum, Sampson, 111, 22; biography, v, 518-521 degeneration in character, v, 521 Indian emigration under, v, 506 missionary work, v, 519-520 portrait of, v, 518 preaching of, v, 518, 519; v1, 734 tribes under care of, vi, 324 See also Occom, Rev. Mr. Oceanica, pictographic art, 1, 429-430 Ocfuskee, derivation of name, tv, 381, 385 See also Oakfuskee. Ocheeaupofau, derivation of name, Iv, 380 O-chin-chin-nu-kaw’s Band, census of, 1, 498-507 Ochquaga, mention of stoneheap, I, 179; v, 104 O-chunga-raw, a name of the Winne- bagoes, Iv, 227 Ockmulgees, conquered by Muscogees, i, 32 Ocmulgee. See Ockmulgees. Oconees, 11, 344 conquered by Muscogees, tm, 32 Oc te ar che micco, a Creek chief, rv, Oakmulgee Creek; 576 Ocunnasto, Chief, treachery of, v1, 239 Odagumaig (Odugameeg, Odug-aum- eeg), enemies of Chippewas, v, 39 enemnies of Ojibwa, um, 136 location, u, 141 Ojibwas harassed by, m1, 141 See also Foxes; Odugameeg. O-dah-wah. See Odawas. Odawa Lake , origin of name, vi, 202 Odawas (O-dah-wah), a name for the Ottawas, vi, 202 legend concerning origin, v, 192 location, v1, 202 name, meaning of, v, 40 origin of, v, 145 Nichols] Odawas—Continued not an independent tribe, v, 40 relations with Michigamies, v, 196 traders, also called, v, 145 See also Ottawas. O-de-eilah tribe, number of villages, 11, 171 Odell, William I., survey made by, v, 678 Odenigans, a noted Pillager, v, 189 Odin, Rev. M., v, 699 O-dish-quag-um-eeg, driven west by Six Nations, m, 139 meaning of name, 11, 189 relations with Ojibwa, m1, 139 See also Nipercineans. Odjibwa language. See Ojibwa lan- guage. Odjibwas. See Ojibwas. Odjibways. See Ojibwas. Odugameeg (Odug-aum-eeg), synonym of Foxes, 01, 136; v, 39 See Odagumaig. Odug-aum-eeg. See Odagumaig. Oealitk. See Onie le toch. Oetlitk. See Weitle toch. Offerings, deposited upon altars, Iv, 126 in fire ceremony, v, 65-66 of food to the dead, 1, 38-39, 83—84 See also Sacrifices. Office, heredity in, 1, 194 See also Chieftainship. Ofogoula. See Affagoula. Ogakaning, a Chippewa band, 1, 458 census of, I, 458-467 Ogallah. See Ogellalas. Ogden, Capt., vocabulary prepared by, v, 696 Ogden, Gov., v, 663 Ogden, Mr., information from, vy, 101 opinion of, cited, v1, 612 Ogden, Peter Skeine, explorations of, v, 663 Ogechedaw, a noted Pillager warrior, v, 189 Ogechees. See Ogeetches. Ogeechee. See Ogeetches. Ogeelala. See Ogellalas. Ogee-mah kee-ge-to, Chief, treatment of wound of, iv, 513-514 Ogeetches (Ogechees), absorbed by Creeks, v1, 370 foes of Creeks, v, 98 Ogellahs. See Ogellalas. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 153 Ogellalah. See Ogellalas. Ogellalas (Ogallah, Ogeelala, Ogellahs, Ogellalah, Oglala), a Titon divi- sion, mI, 629; v1, 688 bands of, 11, 629 census, VI, 556, 713 country occupied by, 11, 629; v, 494; vi, 556, 695 inscription by, described, Iv, 252- 253 illustrated, Iv, 251 leading men, III, 629 population, 1, 528; v, 494; v1, 688, 695 See also Oglala. Ogelthorpe. See Oglethorpe. Ogillisa, of Tuck-a-batch-cha Town, Iv, 575 Ogima, Ogimaus, use of the terms, I, 194; 111, 62 Ogimawish, tale related by, v, 194-195 Oglala, names for, 1, 249 See also Ogellalas. Oglethorpe (Ogelthorpe) Gen., colony established by, v1, 186 conference with Indians, v, 278 Ohab-hans-hah, origin of name, I, 171 Ohanhanska. See Ohah-hans-hah. Oh-hah-quah, band under, vy, 201 meaning of name, v, 201 Ohio, admission to Union, v1, 350, 393 antiquities, v, 660-662, 665-666 discovery of copper implements, v, 665-666 early expeditions to, v1, 2138 expansion, VI, 348 first settlement, v1, 330 Indian lands, tm, 588, 586; v, 480 Indian population, m1, 588, 586; v, 480, 481 population and area, Iv, 610 tribes of, v, 40 Ohio Indians, v1, 132 Ohio River, derivation and meaning of name, Ill, 3828; Iv, 384; v, 133- 184; vI, 227 illustration of view on, v1, 312 navigation on, 1, 340-341 tribes of, vI, 32, 714 Ohio ‘Valley, census of warriors, Iv, 605 exploration and settlement, v1, 596— 597 154 Ohio Valley—Continued French possession, v1, 206, 208 Indian population, Iv, 605-606 mounds, vi, 610 remains showing occupancy, v, 41 struggle for possession of, vI, 212- 214, 274, 300 tribes of, v, 35-36, 37, 41, 140; v1, 210 Oh-nah, a band of Bald Hill Indians, 1m, 139 Oh-pah, a band of Bald Hill Indians, m1, 139 O i Cle la, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census of, v, 488 Oiyotl, a Klamath River tribe, 111, 634 Klamath River village, 111, 188 Ojibwa (Odjibwa) language, an Algon- quin dialect, 1, 341 grammatical comments, I, 417- 419 letter written in, with translation, v, 601-603 mother language of the Algonquins, I, 358 vocabularies, mu, 211-213, 216-218, 458—469 short list of words, v, 39 words and phrases, 111, 412-416 See also Chippewa language. Ojibwas (Ojibways, Odjibwas, Odjib- ways), v, 203 account of, m1, 135-167 at Braddock’s defeat, v1, 218 battle with Foxes, illustrated, 11, 142 beliefs, 11, 185-136 ; 111, 520 biographies, 11, 160-167 Chippewa name for themselves, v, 41, 142 classification, 111, 401 eternal fire of, v1, 629 first contact with Whites, m, 146- 147; v, 39 Grand Traverse Bay, vocabulary, i, 458-469 history, m1, 187-167 location of bands, m1, 137 of villages, 11, 146 map showing boundaries, 11, 137 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Ojibwas—Continued Michilimackinac, vocabulary, 11, 458-469 migrations, m1, 32, 186-137, 189-140 mission church, v, 698 missionary work among, v, 699; v1, 734, 735, 736, 737, 738, 739, 740 Mundau tribe exterminated by, 1, 136 name, derivation of, v1, 483 meaning of, v, 40 not an independent tribe, v, 40 origin, legend of, v, 192-193 population, 1, 139, 140, 151 reason for location of, 11, 141 relations with French, 11, 148 religious beliefs, m, 1385-136 revenge on Foxes, 1, 141, 142 Saganaw, vocabulary, 11, 458-469 St. Mary’s vocabulary, m1, 458-469 territory occupied, 1, 307; 1, 151 totems, 11, 138 tribes calling themselves, vy, 145 vocabularies, 11, 458-469 wars, 11, 142, 150-160 wigwams, 1, 80 See also Chippewa. Ojibways. See Ojibwas. Ojo Caliente, brief description, v, 211— 212 Oka. See Connefedagoes. Okafanoka swamp, misplaced on map, v, 256 Okanis, remarks, m1, 557 See also Kansas tribe. Okechoyatte, name for Muscogees or Creeks, I, 266; 11, 32; vi, 333 Oke-fus-ke-yo-ho-lo, a Cussetaw Town chief, rv, 579 Oke-noke, a Trinity River village, m1, 139 Okinaganes. See Okinagans. Okinagans (Okinaganes, Okinakaneg, Okonagan, Okonagon), location, v, 490; vi, 688 maps showing, 111, 96, 200 population, 111, 632; v, 490, 706, 707; vi, 688, 700 See also Oukinagans. Okinakanes. See Okinagans. Okisco, Chief, mention of, vi, 91 Okonagan, Okonagon. See Okinagans. Okreletan, a Rogue River band, v1, 702 Nichols] Okswago, a name for Lake Erie, Iv, 382 Ok-ti-ar-che-e-marth-lar, chief at Os- witchee, Iv, 580 Ola walum, explanation of, vi, 176 name for picture writing, 1, 334 prophecy in, v, 142 Old age and infirmity, Indian attitude, i, 179, 196; 1v, 56, 67, 241; v, 179 “Old fields,’ Creek council-fire at, v1, 370 Oldham, Col., death of, v1, 336 Oldham, mention of massacre of, VI, 119 Old Owl, a Comanche chief, 1, 128 Old people. See Old age and infirmity. Old Red-shoe, chief of Alabamas and Coosades, v, 263 Old Wing Colony Band, census of, I, 478-487 Old Zuni, Cibola identified as, Iv, 24, 32, 33, 39 location, Iv, 33 sketch of, Iv, 40 See also Zuni. Oleteraca, vI, 74 Olhon. See Ol-hones. Ol-hones, a Dolores Mission tribe, 11, 506 ealled Costanos, 11, 506 Olippas, location and population, v1, 710 Ollep-pauh’]-kah-teht’l, a Trinity River Village, m1, 189 Olmec monarchy, period of, m1, 515 Olmecs, I, 21 reference to sun worship, Iv, 639 rule of, 1, 21 Ololopa. See Holilepas; Olippas. Olstuaga village, Iv, 329 Omahas (Omahaws, Omehas), v, 450 affiliations, Iv, 550 census, I, 498—507 classification, m1, 402 Dacota group, U1, 37 descendants of Winnebagoes, M1, 278 encounter with Sioux and Poncas, vI, 693 fiscal statistics, v1, 721, 723 funds required, m1, 570 general condition, Iv, 466; v1, 546 geographical position, 1, 498 indigenous to Kansas, vI, 5386 land ceded by, v, 494 936706—54——11 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 155 Omahas—Continued lands, Iv, 573 linguistic affinities, 1, 248 location, Iv, 461; v, 494 map showing colony, Iv, 180 maps showing, II, 96; vi, 519 missionary work among, v, 698; VI, 739 missions, attendance at, v, 698 origin, claim concerning, Iv, 227 population, 1, 523; 10, 609; Iv, 573; v, 494; vi, 688, 693, 705, 706 decrease in, v1, 706 reference to territory, tv, 486 Siouan stock, 1, 197 statement of treaty, v, 497 territory claimed, vI, 546 occupied, vi, 705 whiskey trade, v1, 706 See also Owaha. Omahaws. See Omahas. Omamee (Omamees), a synonym of Miamis, v, 41 enemies of the Ojibwas, un, 136 name for Maumes, v, 39 See also Miamies. Omamees. See Omameeg. O-man-ee, early enemies of the Ojibwas, m1, 141 location, 1, 141 See also Medawakantons. Omehas. See Omahas. Omens, belief in, m1, 226 Dacotahs guided by, 111, 228 Onagunga, Iroquois name for Abinaqui, vI, 174 Onantagues, estimates of warriors, I11, 555 totems, m1, 555 See also Onondagas. Onas, Indian name for Thomas Penn, Iv, 338 Iroquois name of Wm. Penn, 111, 197 Onch-pa-pah (Onkpapah), a Titon divi- sion, m1, 629 bands of, m1, 629 leading men, 111, 629 location, 111, 629; v, 494 population, v, 494 Ondaaiondiont, Charles, embassy headed by, vi, 139, 143 Ondaigweos, a leading Chippewa, v, 148 156 Ondessonk, name for Father Joques, VI, 139 Oneida, derivation of name, I, 176; iv, 884; v, 152, 153 Oneida (town), number of Oneidas at, vi, 706 Oneida Castle, 1, 177 Oneida, name for, tv, 490 Skenandoah chief at, v, 510 Oneida Creek valley, tribe occupying, vi, 504 Oneida drift stratum, I, 178-179 Oneida Lake, illustration, v, 153 tribe dwelling on, v1, 714 Oneida language, prayer book, Iv, 527— 528 vocabulary, 11, 482-493 Oneida Reservation, census of, vi, 690 location, v1, 690 Oneida stone, 1, 57, 176-180 description, v, 153 illustration, 1, 177; v, 154 mistake concerning, v, 153 removal of, v, 1538-154 See also Oneota stone. Oneidas, vi, 152, 153 at Canandaigua convocation, vI, 326 belief in evil spirits, rm, 483 census, I, 441-457; 11, 621-628; v1, 718 characteristics, v, 154 classification, m1, 401 colonies aided by, v1, 334 conference with, v, 667 cranial measurements, 11, 3385 divisions, 1, 441 general history, v, 152-154 Green Bay, census of, 1, 441-457 population, v1, 688, 707 hunting grounds, vi, 714 Troquois division, 1v, 204 joined by Stockbridges, rv, 563 land ceded, vi, 324 location, 1, 441; 11, 5838, 590; tv, 463; v, 668; vi, 147, 705, 714 map showing, 111, 96 migration, v, 152-153 missionary work among, v, 698; VI, (BEY W6By EG Cat, New York, census of, y, 504-505 government, v, 504 population, vi, 688, 707 number on reservations, 11, 539, 541 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY {[Bull. 152 Oneidas—Continued one of the Six Nations, Iv, 616 Oneida Castle, census, 1, 441-457 origin myth, v1, 670 population, 1, 441; 111, 583, 590; tv, | 603, 604; v, 668; v1, 694, 705, 706, | 707, 714 | relations with Whites, v, 154 religious divisions, v, 506 removal of, Iv, 604 reputation, v, 512 reservation described, 11, 541 Revolutionary War, part in, v, 510, 518, 515; vi, 277, 280, 293, 312, 313 | symbol for, 1, 176 | warriors, number of, VI, 616 Wisconsin, census of, v, 504-505 government, v, 504 prosperous condition, v, 506 See also Oneiders; Oneydoes. Oneidas and Tusearoras, land ceded, VI, 324 location, VI, 275 population, vi, 275 Oneiders, warriors, IV, 605 Oneota, aboriginal name for stone, I, | 176 Oneota stone, 1, 109 See also Oneida stone. Oneydoes, member of Five Nations, 1, | 184 See also Oneida. Oneydoes and Toscororas, warriors, II, 561 Ongue-honwe, Five Nations’ name for themselves, 11, 185 Onguiaahra, a town of the Neutral Nation, Iv, 207 Ongwi Honwi, a name for the Iroquois, vI, 188 Onie le toch, a Milbank Sound tribe, v, 487 census, v, 487 Oniouts, French name for Oneidas, v, 154 Onkpapah. See Onch-pa-pah. Onkteri, a class of Dakota gods, Iv, 643 explanation of, v1, 649 sacrifices to, vi, 649 Onnogontes, number of warriors, It, 555 totems, m1, 555 Nichols] Onondaga country, exploration and set- tlements, vy, 163-164 search for salt, 111, 98-99 series of saline strata, m1, 97-99 Onondaga dictionary, depository of, Iv, 526 Onondaga language, vocabulary, I, 482-493 Onondaga (village), capture and burn- ing of, v1, 306 journey to, from Tulpehocken, Iv, 324 Oneidas at, v1, 706 Onondagas at, vi, 706 Onondaga Reservation, census of, VI, 690 location, vi, 690 Onondagas (Onondagoes, Onontagers), an Iroquois division, Iv, 204 at siege of Fort Stanwix, vi, 292 Cattaraugus, census of, 1, 441-457 census, 1, 441-457; v, 504-505; v1, 718 classification, 111, 401 conference with, v, 667 divisions of, 1, 441 dwelling grounds, vi, 714 dwellings, Iv, 340 government, yv, 504 history, general, vy, 155-164 hunting grounds, vi, 714 in the Revolutionary War, v, 513; VI, 283, 285 land ceded by, vi, 324 life of, on reservation, v, 506 location, 1, 441; 3m, 5838, 590; v, 668 ; vi, 147, 275, 705 member of Five Nations, m1, 184 missionary work among, vi, 734, Tes. TAM name, derivation and meaning of, Iv, 340, 388-384; v, 155, 594 number on reservations, 1, 539, 540, 541 of warriors, vI, 261, 270 one of the Six Nations, Iv, 616 Onondaga, census of, 1, 441-457 population, 1, 441; 11, 588, 590; Iv, 603, 604; v, 668; vI, 275, 688, 694, 705, 706, 707, 714 reservation described, 11, 541 speech to, by Sir William Johnson, VI, 229 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U, §. INDIAN TRIBES” 157 Onondagas—Continued story of origin of council-fire, 1m, 314-317 treaty with, vi, 324, 384 village of, Iv, 334 warriors, Iv, 605 estimate of, m1, 561 number of, vi, 261 See also Onantagues ; Onontago. Onondagoes. See Onondagas. Onontagers. See Onondagas. Onontago (village), Conrad Wiser at, Iv, 338 council-place of Six Nations, Iv, 325 Onosiota, name of the Alleghany chain, vI, 149 Ontagamies. See Outagamies. Ontario, derivation and meaning of name, II, 328; Iv, 382 Ontdwawies, Iv, 269, 271 See also Ottawas. Ontonagons, dances, 111, 488-491 dances illustrated, 11, 489 Ontouagannha, a name for Mascoutins, Iv, 244 Onundawaga, a synonym for Seneca, Iv, 199 Oohenonpa. See Kettle Band. Oojaugenta, Chief, land granted to, v1, 324 Ooktau-hau-zau-see, derivation of name, Iv, 380 Ootlashoot, location, 111, 570 population, m1, 570 Opanangoes, alliance with Menomonie, I, 304 See also Abnaki. Opechan, vi, 85. Opechanganough, vi, 115, 182, 248, 647 massacre headed by, v1, 98-99, 185, 744 Opegoi. See Oppegach band; yoh. Opelousa. See Apalousa. Openango language, vocabulary, v, 690 See also Abnaki language. Opilth Mico, a Tallassie chief, v, 263 opposition to M’Gillivray, v, 281 Opothlahola, Chief, m1, 90 Oppegach band, members of Peh-tsik division, mz, 148 Oppe-yoh, a Quoratem band, 111, 151 Opquire, population, 1, 519 Oppe- 158 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 | Oquagos, location, v, 668 population, v, 668 See also Aughquagas. Oracle, Turtle, belief in, 111, 367 Oraibi. See Oraivaz; Oriva. Oraivaz, location, Iv, 87 Oratory, Indian, m1, 56, 191-192, 197— 198 ; 1v, 257, 627; v, 247, 518 effects, v1, 678 style, v1, 661 See also Speeches. Ordeals, for warriors, v, 59-60 Oregon, antiquities, lack of, v, 662, 663 Bonacks in, vi, 35 character of land, v, 656 derivation of name, v, 123, 708-709 first appearance of name, I, 138-139 Indian lands, tv, 183 population and area, Iv, 610 route to, I, 223-226 posts proposed, I, 225 tribes encountered, 1, 224 See also Oregon Indians; Oregon tribes; Oregonians. Oregon coast, antiquities, v1, 612-615 Oregon Indians, customs, v, 651-657 embalming by, v, 693 handicrafts, 11, 468 mental endowments, Iv, 49 ornaments, illustrated, m1, pl. 14 population, 1, 436, 437, 523; 111, 632; v, 484; v1, 688, 700 Oregon Mission, work of, v1, 735 Oregon trail. See Oregon, route to. Oregon tribes, 1, 192, 198, 521; vi, 700- 701, 702, 705 country described, 111, 203-205 food, v, 80; vI, 625 list of, v, 492-493 map showing location of, 11, 200 missionary work among, vI, 738 reply to inquiries concerning, II, 200-225 statistics, v, 492-493, 700-701 See also Oregonians. Oregon and Washington Territories, area and population, v, 501 Oregonians, brain cavity, 11, 333 cranial capacity, v, 244; vi, 574 measurements, II, 335 map showing location of, 11, 28 Orientation, in burials, m, 69 lacking in Dacotah burials, Iv, 65 Origin of Indians, I, 14, 16-18, 343-344 : 11, 136; m1, 59-62, 476-477; v, 57—- 60, 86-87; v1, 568-569 antiquity of, 1, 14, 16-17; v, 51, 61-62 chronological facts bearing on, v, 88 customs in relation to, v, 57-70 indicated by beliefs, v, 86-87 by language, v, 82 by manners and customs, I, 40; v, 80, 81-82 by sun worship, v, 69 Oriental, evidence of, 1, 15, 26 Shemitic, probability of, 1, 15, 26, 40 suggestion concerning, m1, 201 theory concerning, I, 217 See also Hebrew origin of Indians; Jewish customs; Origin tradi- tions. See also under tribal names. Origin of man, various stories, v, 409 Origin traditions (myths), Ah-mau-dah- kas (Anadarko), v, 682 Alabama, I, 266 Algonquin, v, 409 Apache, vI, 568 Athabasca group, 1, 61 Aztec, I, 19-20 Caddo, v, 682 California Indians, v, 217 Chepewyan, I, 19 Cherokee, Iv, 136 Chickasaw, Iv, 186 Chippewa, v, 148-149 Chippewyans, v, 173 Comanche, v, 683 Delaware, v, 683 Grand Traverse Chippewa, v, 192 indicating Toltec migration, Iv, 147-148 Tonies, v, 682 Iroquois, 1, 816-317; v, 147, 155-168, 409. Kahokia, Iv, 135-136 Kaskaskia, Iv, 185-136 Kickapoo, Iv, 255 Lenno Lenapee, Iv, 147 Mandan, 11, 247-248 Moqui, Iv, 86 Muscogee, 1, 266; 1v, 148 Nahuatlac, v, 96 Navajo, rv, 89, 218-220; v1, 568 Nichols] Origin traditions—Continued Ojibwa, v, 192-193 Oneida, vI, 670 Osage, 1, 319-320; v, 147 Ottawa, vi, 202 Peoria, Iv, 185-136 Piankashaw, Iv, 135-136 point of similarity in, v, 203 Po-to-yan-te, Iv, 224-225 Pottawatomie, 1, 320 Seneca, m1, 322-823 Shawano, 1, 19 Shawnee, tv, 147, 255 Six Nations, v, 622-633 Toukaways (Tonkawa), v, 683 Winnebago, Iv, 227, 228-231 See also Migration legends. Orinoco, meaning of name, m1, 502 Orinoco Indians, color, y1, 573 Oriskany, ambuscade and battle, v1, 287-289 question concerning battle, Iv, 346 Oriva, population, 1, 519 Oriwahennic, Chief, tradition related by, v, 75 Ormusd, the principle of good, 1, 32 Ornamentation, clothing, m, 515 graves, mm 175 leggins, 111, 66-67 loincloth, 11, 68 moccasins, II, 65, 66 pottery, 1, 79-81 sheaths and cases, 11, 515 See also Costumes; Headdress; Painting. Ornaments, bracelets, 1, 92, 93 copper, I, 67, 98 Dacotahs, tv, 69 from Lake Huron ossuary, illus- trated, 1, 102-105 gold, Iv, 450 nose, 11, 111; m1, 69, 141-142 personal, illustrated, r11, 69 silver, 1, 93 used as charms, I, 86 variety, 111, 220 Winnebagoes, rv, 54, 58 worn in battle, Iv, 54 See also Ornamentation. Orondocks and others, dwelling grounds, vi, 714 hunting grounds, vi, 714 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. §. INDIAN TRIBES” 159 Orondocks and others—Continued population, v1, 714 See also Adirondacks. Orphans, care of, m1, 194; 1v, 56, 67 Orr, Hon. James L., speech on bill re- lating to Indians, v, 451-459 Orr, Mr., amendments to bill introduced by, v, 459 Ortega, Don Jose Maria Martin, 11, 101 Ortez, John (Juan), captivity, v1, 60 death, v1, 77 interpreter for De Soto, um, 34; TTT ey kl Ortiz. See Ortez. Oruk, name for Bald Hill Indians (q. v.), 11, 139 Orunges, territory occupied, m1, 554 warriors, number, m1, 554 See also Mahicans. Osage Agency, population, v1, 693 Osage language, brief vocabulary, tv, 275 publication in, rv, 550 Osage Manual-Labor School, report on, Iv, 594-595 Osage Valley, discovery of prehistoric bones, 1, 173 Osages, VI, 428, 522 affiliations, Iv, 550 appropriation for, 11, 564 bands, 11, 594 called Bone Indians, tv, 304 census, vI, 712 ceremony described, Iv, 274-275 characteristics, rv, 305 classification, 1, 402 condition, after removal, v1, 480 general, Iv, 473; vi, 540-541 report on, Iv, 592-595 country occupied, 11, 559, 577, 585, 594; Iv, 274, 461; v, 495; vz, 410, 414, 705 cranial measurements, 1, 335 Dacota group, 11, 37 depredations committed upon, Iv, 593 De Soto in territory of, m1, 35 divisions, Iv, 305 encampment, arrangement of, Iv, 304 farming operations, vI, 712 food, reference to, 1, 41 French relations, v1, 237 160 Osages—Continued funds required, 1, 571 government, vI, 541 hostility to settlers, Iv, 298-299, 300 indigenous to Kansas, vy, 495; VI, 536 intrusion on territory, Iv, 485 investments for, 11, 563 lands, Iv, 572 claimed, 111, 585 conveyed by, v, 451 linguistic affinities, 1, 248 lodges described, 1v, 304 map showing colony of, Iv, 180 maps showing location, 111, 96; v1, 519 missionary work among, v, 699; VI, 738 mortality among, IV, 592-598, 595 mourning customs, vy, 685 name of, native, vI, 688 origin of, Iv, 304, 592; v1, 206 origin myth, 1, 319-820; v, 147 Pawnees attacked, Iv, 593 population, m1, 585, 594, 609; Iv, 572; v, 495; vi, 414, 540, 688, 705 Siouan stock, 1, 197 statistics, fiscal, v1, 720, 721, 722, 723 on land, 1, 605 vital, Iv, 595 treaty made, v1, 380, 461 victory over, by Iowas, 111, 264 warriors, estimate of, m1, 557, 559 war with Chickasaws, I, 311 See also Great and Little Osage; Wasbashas. Osagwatha, v1, 98 Osawkees, a name for the Sacs (q. v.), v, 41 Osborne, W., report on Iroquois popu- lation, Iv, 603 Osceola, v1, 647 activities in Seminole War, v1, 470, 471 Oscooche, a Creek band, m1, 511 O-se-lar-ne-by, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Oshah-wah-noes, reference to name, vy, 192 Oshah-wa-ndg, reference to name, v, 192 Oshawano, a synonym of Shawnee, v, 41 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY {Bull. 152 Oshcabawiss, Chief, delegation headed, I, 415, 417 Oshkinawens, a noted Pillager, v, 189 Oskemanitigous, totem, 111, 556 warriors, number, 111, 556 O sooch e micco, of Tuck-a-batch-cha Town, Iv, 575 Osse-gon, name for Indians of Gold Bluff, m1, 133 Ossipees, derivation of name, v, members of Pennacook Confed- eracy, v, 222 Ossuaries, v1, 618 age of, 1, 103 ancient Algonquin, 1, 102 at Beverly, in Canada, West, Iv, 561 attributed to Assigunaigs, 1, 307 attributed to Mushkodains, 1, 307 conclusions drawn from, 1, 104 description, 1, 102-105 origin, I, 102 pipes found in, 1, 75 place in sequence of burial customs, I, 162 Pueblos, Iv, 78 Upper Lakes, 1, 68-69 See also Charnel houses; Tomb. Osteninky (village), Iv, 334, 340, 341 Osteology, antique, monster period, 1, 1738-175 Oswegatches (Oswegachys), grounds, vi, 714 hunting grounds, vi, 714 population, v1, 714 warriors, number, v1, 270 See also Swegachi. Oswego, etymology of name, v, 594 tribes dwelling at, v1, 714 O-switch-ee, a Lower Creek town, trv, 578, 580 O-switch-ee e-marth-lar, chief at Os- witchee, Iv, 580 Oteetoocheenas, a Creek town, v, 262 Othomi Indians, population, 11, 517-518 Oto (Otoe) language, publication in, ry, 550 Otoes, v, 450 affiliations, Iv, 550 attacked by Sioux, v, 650-651 census, I, 498-507 claim concerning origin, Iv, 227 cranial measurements, I, 335 999 a mt dwelling Nichols] INDEX TO Otoes—Continued descendants of Winnebagoes, II, 278 funds required, 1, 570 headdress illustrated, 11, 68 horses sacrificed, v, 78 in the Dacota group, 11, 37 indigenous to Kansas, v1, 536 lands surrendered, v, 494; v1, 456 location, I, 498; Iv, 461; v, 494 map, showing colony, Iv, 180 showing location, 111, 96; vi, 519 missionary work among, v, 698; VI, 739 population, I, 523; v, 494; vi, 688 reference to territory, Iv, 486 shape of skulls, 1, 317 Siouan stock, 1, 197 See also Ottoes. Otoes and Omahas, attendance at mis- sions, v, 698 Otomie, cranial measurements, 1, 335 O-ton-kah, Sioux name for Winneba- goes, Iv, 227 Otsego, derivation of name, rv, 384 Otsiningo (village), on site of Bing- hampton, N. Y., vi, 1382 Ottagamies. See Outagamies. Ottawa (Ottowa) language, an Algon- quin dialect, m1, 341 list of works in, Iv, 538-539 Ottawany, Chief, v1, 255 Ottawas (Ottowas), rt, 277, 278, 554; vi, 237, 375, 481 annuities paid to, 11, 586, 588; Iv, 188 ; vi, 723 appropriation for, 11, 564 armistice granted to, v1, 364 at Braddock’s defeat, v1, 217, 215 at treaty with Bradstreet, v1, 255 attitude in Revolutionary War, VI, 278 average size, Iv, 349 canoe illustrated, v, 95 census, I, 478-487 ; m1, 621-628 classification, m1, 96, 401 condition, general, Iv, 467, 468 report on, vi, 547 council attended, vI, 393 cranial measurements, 11, 335 crops raised, v, 708 dialect, distinct, m1, 358 divisions, 1, 478; 11, 554 SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 161 Ottawas—Continued dwelling grounds, v1, 714 funds required, 1, 570-571 Grand River Valley, census of, 1, AT8-487 hunting grounds, vi, 714 industry, v, 708 investments for, 1, 561, 562, 563 islands occupied, vI, 202 lands ceded by, m1, 602, 603, 604; Iv, 188; vi, 393-395, 458, 464, 505 claimed, 111, 588, 584 permanently granted to, v, 457 purchased from, 1, 598, 595, 598, 599, 600, 601 statistics on, 0, 605, 606 surveyed for, Iv, 572 language, reference to, lI, 96 L’Arbre Croche, census of, 1, 478— AS7 league with other tribes, vr, 485 led by Pontiac, m7, 242 location, 1, 806, 478; 1, 541, 559, 588, 584, 591; 1v, 187, 461; v, 495; VI, 33, 202, 275, 385, 705, 714 maps showing, II, 96; Iv, 180; vI, 519 Maumee, condition of, v1, 517 migrations, 1, 59; 11, 139; v1, 488, 734 mission church, v, 698 missionary work among, vi, 735, 738, 739 origin tradition, vi, 202 Osage, census of, 1, 478-487 other names for, 1, 306; v, 41; VI, 202 part taken in siege of Detroit, 1, 242, 248, 248, 249, 255, 273, 279, 281, 284, 296, 298, 300, 301, 307 payments made to, vi, 721, 723 peace sought, v1, 348 picture writing, 1, 338 Pontiae joined by, v1, 243 population, 1, 478, 523; 11, 581, 583, 584, 591, 609, 610; Iv, 572; v, 495, KOS wie 274. 272, 25; ‘688, 698; GUS, ake Pal removal, v, 495; vi, 505-506, 516 resemblance to Chippewas, tv, 187; vi, 464 separation from Ojibwas, 11, 139 statistics, fiscal, v1, 721, 722, 723 superiority in navigation, v, 395 162 Ottawas—Continued totems, 11, 554 treaties, v, 499; vi, 327, 330, 334, 380, 421 ceding lands, v1, 458 warriors, estimate of, 11, 559 number of, m1, 554; vi, 271, 275 See also Atawas; Odawas; Ont- dwawies; Ottawas and Chippe- was; Tawas; Utawawas. Ottawas and Chippewas (Chepawas), attendance at missions, v, 698 bands, list of, 111, 615-616 chiefs, names of, 111, 615-616 dwelling grounds, v1, 714 hunting grounds, yi, 714 missions, attendance at, v, 698 population, m1, 610; v1, 692, 714 statistics, 11, 615-616; v1, 720, 722, 723 trading posts, m1, 599-600 Ot-teh-petl, a band of Bald Hill Indians, 1, 139 Otter-Tail Lake, Indians, v, 185 Ottigamie. See Outagamies. Ottinger, Capt., at Humboldt Bay, 11, 131 Ottisse, an Upper Creek town, rv, 578 Ottoes, classification, m1, 402 condition of, 1v, 466; v1, 544-546 country occupied, m1, 593 lands of, 1v, 573 ceded, 11, 603 claimed, v1, 546 purchased from, 11, 600 statistics on, 1, 605 population, 11, 593; rv, 573; v1, 693 See also Otoes. Ottoes and Missourias, country occu- pied, v1, 705 population, m1, 609; vi, 705, 706 treaty, v, 497 Ottowa Colony Band, census of, 1, 478- 487 Ottowa language. See Ottawa lan- guage. Ottowas. See Ottawas. Ouachtenons, country occupied, 111, 559 warriors, estimate of, 11, 555, 559 See also Weas Ouade, v1, 74 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (Bull. 152 Ouali, totem, m1, 556 warriors, number of, m1, 556 Ouanakina, 111, 559 warriors, estimate of, 111, 557, 559 Ouaroronon, mention of town, Iv, 205 Oubenakis, a synonym of Abnakis (q. v.), WI, 553 Oufotu, an Arkansas village, m1, 5387 Ougatanous, totems, 11, 555 warriors, number of, 11, 555 See also Weas. Ouiatanos, estimate of warriors, I, 554 See also Weas. Ouiattonon, Miami town, attack on, VI, 335 Ouillequegaws, map showing location, Im, 96 See also Quilleoueoquas. Ouisconsins, country occupied, 11, 559 warriors, estimate of, 111, 559 number of, 1, 554 Ouitimaus, estimate of warriors, mI, 555 See also Wea. Oukinagans (Oukinegans), population, Ty o2tss vi. 102 See also Okinagans. Ounepigous, mI, 556 totem, 111, 556 warriors, number of, mI, 556 See also Winnebago. Ounikanes, totem, m1, 554 See also Amikwa. Ounontisaston, a town of the Neutral Nation, Iv, 205 Outagamies (Ontagamies, Ottagamies, Ottigamie, Outagamis), brief his- tory, vI, 193-194 cranial capacity, v, 244 cranial measurements, II, 335 driven from Pillager territory, v, 184 language, v1, 193 name for Fox Indians, tv, 245; v, 524-525; vi, 271 watriors, estimate of, Im, 555 See also Foxes; Outtagomies and others. Outagamis. See Outagamies. Outeonas, totems, II, 554 warriors, number of, 11, 554 Outina, vI, 74 Nichols] Outtagomies and _ others, grounds, vi, 714 hunting grounds, v1, 714 population, vi, 714 Outtamacks and _ others, grounds, vi, 714 hunting grounds, v1, 714 population, v1, 714 Ovando, UI, 23 Owaha, country occupied, 11, 594 population, m1, 594 See also Omahas. Owassa, revenge of, 1, 294 Owasson, Chief, at Pontiac’s camp, I, 278-279, 281 Owayneo, a benevolent spirit, Iv, 637 Owen, David Dale, reference to work, I, 52 Owen, Mr., reports made by, tv, 189 Owen, R. D., 11, 176 Owens, Col., death of, v1, 355 Owenungas, Iroquois name for Abena- kis, (q. v.), 11, 513 Owiligascho, name of Peter Spelman, dwelling VI, 132 Owis-gera, Iv, 325 Oyateshicha. See Good Road band. Ozark Mountains, crossed by De Soto, VI, 67 Ozark region, description, Iv, 280-286, 309 De Soto in, 111, 48, 50 Ozawikinebik, a Pillager chief, v, 189 Ozawundib, Chief, 1, 145, 146 Ozimies, location, vI, 131 Ozinies. See Ozimies. 2 Pabaksa. See Pah-bax-ahs. Pablo, Yuma chief, meeting with, 11, 112 Pachacamace cemetery, skulls discussed, 11, 329 Pacific coast tribes, census of, v, 487— 489 changes in customs, VI, 623-624 divisions, I, 486-437 list, v, 487-489 Paconekick, mentioned by Capt. John Smith, vy, 218 Pacquette, Pierre, assassination, 111, 281 Padducas. See Padoucah. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 163 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” dwelling | Padoucah (Padducas, Padoucas), coun- try occupied, 111, 559, 596 population, 111, 596, 609 tribes, 111, 596 warriors, estimate of, 111, 557, 559 See also Comanches. Padoucas. See Padoucah. Paegans (Pagans), v1, 686 classification, 111, 402 See also Piegan. Page, James, 11, 383 Pa-ha-sea’s band, reference to, vi, 540 Pahatsi. See Grandes Haux; Great Osages. Pa-ha-yu-ca, a Comanche chief, tm, 128 Pah-a-yu-ka’s band, number of, 111, 635 Pah-bax-ahs, a Yankton band, U, 169 territory occupied, 1, 169 Pah-lo-cho-ko-lo, a Lower Creek town, Iv, 578 Pahmetes, a division of the Utahs, VI, 697 See also Pah-Utahs; Payoches. Pa-hu-chas, Iowa name for themselves, i, 262 Pah-Utahs, map showing location, 111, 96 See also Pahmetes; Payoches. Pahvant. See Parant Utahs. Pailsh tribe, location, m1, 571 population, 111, 571 Paine, Brinton, v, 668 Paine, James M., report on Cherokee schools, rv, 588 Paint bags, illustrations, 1m, 65 Paint Creek, mention of earthworks, VI, 597 Paint Town, census of, 1, 508-517 Painted Post, description, v, 670 treaty of, v, 668 Painting, face and body, m1, 1138, 114; Iv, 58, 63, 79, 649; v, 211 Paintings, ancient Mexican, value, Iv, 453-454 Paiute. See Pahmetes; Pah-Utahs; Payoches. Palace of Montezuma. See Casa Grande. Palachuola, a lower Creek town, v, 262 Palaiks, classification, m1, 402 map showing locations, 111, 96 Palenque monuments, conclusions drawn from, tv, 114 164 Palenque ruins, discussion of period of, v, 106 Palladic or Oneota stone, reference to, I, 109 Palladium of the Oneidas, 1, 176 Palmer, Mr., report on the Umpquas, VI, 624 Palmer’s Island, erection of fort, VI, 143 Paloos (Palooses), map showing loca- tion, 11, 200 population, m1, 682; vi, 701 See also Palvas; Pelloatpallah; Pelouse. Paluxies, synonym of Bolixes (q. v.), v, 702 Palvas, population, 1, 521 See also Paloos. Pamlico. See Pamticos; Pemblicos. Pamlico language. See Pampticough language. Pamlico Sound, Indians of, v1, 31 Pampticough language, an Algonquin dialect, 111, 406 short list of words, v, 38 vocabulary, v, 555-556, 556-557 Pamticos (Pamticces), classification, tir, 401; v, 38 southern limit of Algonquins, v, 42 See also Pemblicos. Pamunkies, brief account of, v, 36 Pamunky River, Indians on, v, 36 Panaoumski village, mention of, 1%, 553 Pancoast, Prof., 11, 382 Pandouca stock, tribes, 11, 596 See also Comanches. Pani (Panies), 111, 557 a name for the Pawnee, 111, 50 Pani-Mahaws, 111, 399 Pani, Towiacks, listed as a linguistic family, m1, 402 Panis Blanes, country occupied, m1, 559 warriors, estimate of, 111, 557, See also Pawnees. Panis Piques, country occupied, 101, warriors, estimate of, m1, 557, See also Pawnee Piques. Pan-nacks, a synonym of Bonnacks (q. v.), 11, 200 Panton Leslie & Co., v, 275 Papanhank, address by, v, 138 Papinachaux, totem, 111, 556 warriors, number of, 11, 556 559 559 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (Bull. 152 | Papisseconewa. See Passaconnaway. Papukewis, power of, 1, 82 Paracelsus, reference to, Iv, 511 Paradise, Indian conception of, v, 403 Paralysis, belief concerning, 1, 255 ignorance regarding, Iv, 515 Parant Utahs, a division of the Utahs, vi, 697 population, vi, 697 Par-hose-e-marth-lar, chief at Sowoc- colo, Iv, 580 Par-kee-na-um, a Comanche division, 1, 128 meaning of name, 11, 128 Parker, Wm. B., Texas Indians de- scribed by, v, 682-685 Park Hill, Presbyterian station at, Iv, 589 Parry, C. C., vocabulary collected by, 111, 460 Parry, Drei lO2 109 Parsons, Benjamin, Creek census taken by, Iv, 575 Parted Teeth. See Katawabata. Par-too-ku, Osage name for Comanches, 1, 126 Parturition. See Childbirth. Parus River tribes, skulls preserved by, Iv, 489-490 Pascagoula, country occupied, 11, 596 location, IIT, 585 population, m1, 585, 596 Pascagoula River, Indians on, vi, 32 Pas coaf emathlar, of Hemawhie Town, Iv, 576 Pasharanack, mentioned by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Pasqual, a minor Cuchan chief, 11, 112 Passaconnaway, Vv, 222 account of, v, 227-237 brief description of, v1, 174 character of, v, 237 children, v, 236-237 death of, v, 2387 farewell speech, v, 284-235 great age of, v, 229 name, meaning of, v, 227 petition to legislature, v, 235-236 sagamore, leading Pennacook, v, 223, 228 New England, v, 218 tribute paid to, v, 228 Nichols] Passamaquoddies, country occupied, v, 219 land claimed, 111, 583 location, tI, 583 missionary work among, vi, 737 population, 1, 524; 111, 583; vi, 688 Passamaquoddy language, vocabulary, v, 689-690 Passataquak, listed by Capt. Smith, v, 218 Passemonte, Michael, tv, 451 Pastoral stage, importance, 11, 519-521 Patagonians, stature of, 1, 318 Patent Office, U. S., museum specimens John in, Iv, 660 Pathology, Indian knowledge of, 1v, 507— 508 Paticas (Patticas), absorbed by Creeks, vI, 370 era of, v; 133 foes of Creeks, v, 98 Patofa, war-chief, De Soto joined by, tu, 40 Patriarchal system, in various tribes, 11, 62 Indian attitude toward, v, 43-44 Pattawatimas. See Potawatomies. Patterson, Mr., of Union, 111, 145 superintendent of Indian school, Iv, 592 Patticas. See Paticas. Patuxent River, Indians on, vI, 184, 138 Patuxents, missionary work among, VI, 734, 735 Pauguk, a mythological character, v, 149, 409 Pauhuntanuck, listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Paunaques, a synonym for (q. v.), I, 206 Paunch (Ponch) Indians, identified as Minnetarees, m1, 251 story of origin, 11, 251 See also Allakaweah. Pauskooziegun, an Ottowa chief, v1, 386 Pauteauamis, remarks, III, 556. totems, Im, 556 warriors, III, 556 See also Potawatomies. Paviotso. See Pi-Utahs. Pawactas, a Creek town, v, 262 Pawateeg, Chippewa name for Sault Ste. Marie, Iv, 557 Bonacks INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 165 Pawcatuck River, Indians on, vi, 110 Pawkees, II, 252 territory occupied, Hi, 252 See also Siksika. Pawmet, mentioned by Capt. Smith, v, 218 Pawnee Loups, a Pawnee band, I11, 595 location, 11, 595 Pawnee Piques, a Pawnee band, loca- tion, m1, 595 population, 11, 595 See also Panis Piques. Pawnee Republicans, a Pawnee band, location, 11, 595 Pawnees, Iv, 450 attacks on, Iv, 466, 593 condition after removal, vi, 547 country occupied, 11, 595; Iv, 486; v, 495; vi, 688, 705 cranial measurements, I, 335 Dacota group, I, 37 four great bands, 11, 595 funds required, 11, 572 human sacrifice among, Iv, 50; v, 77-78; vi, 495 identical with Quipana, Iv, 310 indigenous to Kansas, v, 495; VI, 536 intermarriage with Comanches, 1, 126 lands, Iv, 573 ceded by, 1, 603; vi, 459 granted to permanently, v, 457 purchased from, 11, 600 statistics on, m, 606 listed as a linguistic family, m1, 402 maps showing location of, 11, 96; Iv, 180; vi, 519 missionary work among, VI, 738 other names for, II, 529; vi, 495 population, 1, 528; m1, 479-480, 595, 609; Iv, 573; v, 495; VI, 688, 693, 705 range of war parties, I, 159 reputed builders of earthworks, 111, 274 use of arrow, I, 77 visited by De Soto, m1, 50 See also Pani; Panis Blanes; Qui- pana. Paw-sed-ech-kaw’s Band, census of, I, 498-507 Pawtucket Falls, Pennacooks at, v, 280 John 166 Pawtucket(s), vi, 108 affiliations, v1, 150 name for the Wamesit, v, 221 origin and application, v, 221 See also Wamesits. Paxinosa, Shawnees represented by, at council, vi, 182 Payne’s Landing, treaty of, v1, 471-472 Payoches, brief account of, Iv, 82-83 See also Pahmetes; Pah-Utahs. Pea Creek band, attitude in Seminole War, vi, 469 Peabody, Samuel, settlers led by, v, 675 Peace, symbolic house of, Iv, 199 Peace dance, description, m1, 173 Peace pipe, description, 11, 512; m1, 306 illustration, m1, 512; m1, 306 use, III, 268 See also Calumet. Peace towns, purpose of, 111, 531 Peag. See Wampum. Peanquichas, I, 555 country occupied, m1, 559 totems, I1I, 555 warriors, number of, m1, 555, 559 See also Piankashaws. Peatan, Chief, mention of, 11, 260 Pecaneaux, a tribe of the Blackfeet group, v, 179 See also Piegans. Pecas, ruins described, tv, 40 See also Pecos. Peck, Rey. J. M., cited, rv, 129 Peck, S., missionary report by, v, 698 Pecos, v, 107 abandonment of, v, 689 attacks by Comanches, Iv, 35 identified as Cicuyé, Iv, 32, 35, 39 language, v, 689 situation, Iv, 36 sketch of, Iv, 29 See also Pecas. Pecos Valley, ancient habitations in, v, 112 Pee-quan, a Klamath River tribe and village, m1, 138, 634 Pedadumies, relations with Michigam- ies, v, 196 See also Potawatomies. Pedees, reference to, m, 344 Pedoriva, Don Miguel de, m1, 101 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Peekdé-gamah Falls, description, 111, 365 meaning of name, Ir, 365 Peh-tsik, application of name, 1, 138, 151, 422 Peigans. See Piegans. Peirria, Albert de, colony under com- mand of, vi, 73, 74 Pejodque Pueblo, population, v1, 688 See also Pojoaaque. Pekwan. See Pec-quan. Pelloatpallah band, location, 111, 570 population, 111, 570 See also Paloos. Pelouse population, v, 490, 705, 706, 707 ; vi, 700 position of, v, 490 See also Paloos. Pembina, buffalo hunting on plains of, Iv, 94-110 missionary station at, v, 699 Pemblicos, smallpox among, vi, 181 See also Pamticos. Pemegewasset River, meaning of name, v, 226 salmon in, v, 226 Pemican, process of making, Iv, 107; Vv, 175 Pemmaquid, listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Pemmican. See Pemican. Penasco, Count, mention of collection, vI, 578 Penateka. See Ho-is. Pend d’Oreilles (Pond Orrilles), v, 490 enemies of the Blackfeet, v, 181 population, m1, 632; v, 490, 706 position of, v, 490 punishment among, v, 654 See also Kalispel; Pend d’Oreilles, Lower ; Pend d’Oreilles, Upper. Pend d’Oreilles (Pond Orrilles), Lower, maps showing location, 111, 96, 200 population, 111, 632; v, 705, 707; v1, 700 Pend d’Oreilles (Pond Orrilles) Upper, maps showing location, mI, 96, 200 population, 11, 6382; v, 705, 707; v1, 700 Penishon, Mendewakanton village at, II, 97 Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 167 Penn, Thomas, policy of, Iv, 617 Peonies, country occupied, 111, 592 proprietor of Pennsylvania, 1v, 339 population, 111, 592 purchase of Indian lands, tv, 324 See also Peorias. Penn, William, 11, 197 doctrine taught, v, 1388 founding of Philadelphia, v1, 185 Indian name of, Iv, 256 relations with the Indians, v1, 178 Pennacook bashabary, composition, VI, People of the Lakes, language spoken, Int, 562 leading men, 111, 568 population, m1, 562 synonyms, 1, 562 173 trade, 1, 564 extent, v1, 115 trading post, 111, 566 Pennacook village, Indian fort at, v, tribal relations, 111, 566 280 villages, number, mI, 562 Pennacooks, 111, 513; vi, 156 warriors, number, m1, 562 allies of Pokanokets, v1, 114 See also Medawakanton. application of name, v, 223 People of the Leaves, language spoken, arts, state of, Iv, 175 m1, 563 country occupied, v, 217, 222, 230; leading men, 111, 569 population, tI, 563 synonyms of, 111, 563 trade, m1, 565 trading post, 111, 567 vi, 115, 125 derivation of name, vy, 222 driven out by English, vi, 174 history, general, v, 217-237 implements illustrated, Iv, 175 in valley of Connecticut River, v, tribal relations, 11, 567 226 warriors, number, U1, 563 population, v, 230 See also Wahpeton. possible origin, v, 229 People of the Leaves, detached, 111, 563 standing among other tribes, v, 222 language spoken, 11, 563 tribes controlled, v, 222-223 leading men, m1, 569 villages, v, 230 population, 11, 563 So) ee eae by Capt. John Smith, synonyms for, 11, 563 Vv, trade, m1, 565 See also Penobscots. ; trading post, 111, 567 Penn’s Cove Indians, population, v, 705 Re ie oe cs aiaioen tv tribal relations, 11, 567 on itt Eevee 5 TNs See also Wahpekute. Penobscots, a division of the Abenakis, Peores. See Peorias. 11, 512 Peoria, trading post, v1, 269 land claimed, m1, 583 Peoria language, an Algonquin dialect, location, 11, 583 i, 341 missionary work among, vI, 737 Peorias (Peores), v1, 481 population, 1, 524; 111, 512, 583; v1, also called Illinese, v, 41 688 annuities, 11, 588 Penointik-ara (Penoi-in-tickara, Penoi- census, II, 621-628 tikara), classified as Comanche, classification, v, 145 VI, 688 condition of, general, Iv, 467, 468 meaning of name, 1, 260 creation myth, Iv, 185-136 population, 1, 522 descendants of Illinese, I, 59; Vv, Pensacola, battle of, v1, 376, 403 192 Pentland, Mr., opinion on Aymaras, II, descendants of mound-builders, Iv, 328 135 opinion on Peruvian skulls, 11, 326 friendly to the French, vi, 237 168 Peorias—Continued lands, Iv, 572 ceded, 1, 6038 disposal of, 496 granted to, permanently, v, 457 purchased from, 1, 595, 598, 600 statistics on, 11, 605, 606 location, Iv, 461 map showing, vi, 519 march against, vI, 360 missionary work among, vi, 734, (35, (39 name, origin of, Iv, 380 population, I, 528; Iv, 572; vi, 688 removal, vi, 516, 536 agreed to, v1, 445 totems, II, 555 treaty with, v, 496-497, 499 walriors, estimate of, II, 555 See also Peonies; Peorias and Kaskaskias; Pianria; Piantias. Peorias and Kaskaskias, census of, I, 488-497 location, 1, 488; v, 495 map showing colony, Iv, 180 origin, v, 495 population, 111, 609, 610; v, 495; v1, 693 removal, v, 495 See also Peorias and others. Peorias (Piorias) and others, dwelling grounds, vi, 714 fiscal statistics, v1, 721, 723 hunting grounds, vi, 714 location, v1, 705 population, v1, 705, 714 See also Peorias and Kaskaskias. Pepht-soh, a Trinity River village, 10, 139 Pepikokia. See Pettikokias. Pequaquaukes, derivation of name, v, 222 members of Pennacook Confeder- acy, Vv, 222 Pequatoas, a name for the Pequots (q. v.) vi, 116 Pequawket. See Pequaquaukes. Pequot-Algonquins, tribal circle, v1, 173 Pequot River, Indians on, vi, 110 now the Thames, v1, 117, 126 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Pequot War, account, vi, 110-112 history, v1, 116-124 reference to, v1, 173 Pequots, also called Brothertons, v, 41; vI, 113, 114, 125 derivation and meaning of name, V, 38; vi, 116 end as a tribe, vi, 123 extent of territory, v1, 110 history, vi, 116-120 language, vI, 111 massacred by English, v1, 119 population, vi, 117 reference to, vI, 115 territory held, v, 218; vi, 116 Perforated stones, discussion, 1, 170 Perkins, reference to metallic tractors of, iv, 514. Perley, G. H., history of New Bruns- wick Indians, v, 674-680 Perley, Israel, settlers led by, v, 675 Perrault, John Baptiste, brief biogra- phy, 11, 352 writings of, translated by School- craft, 1, 353-369 Perrie, Mr., mention of, ru, 383 Perry, effect of victory, vI, 363 Perry, Dr., mention of, 1, 108 Perryman, Elien, measurements of hair, iI, 384 Pershe-go, at Shoshone peace council, Iv, 596 Persian tablet, illustration, 1, 423 Peru, antiquities, v, 657 cause of rebellion, I, 23 civilization, v, 29 foreign dynastic element, Iv, 123 references to early government, II, 181, 182, 183 weaving, v, 106 Peruvian antiquities, described by Ul- loa, v, 90-92 Peruvians, art as prototype for north- ern tribes, v, 391 burial customs, v, 81 comparative civilization, v, 291 cranial capacity, vi, 574-575 customs, reference to, v, 394 development, v, 392 discussion of Peruvian race, v, 94 distinct from other aborigines, v, 290-291 Nichols] Peruvians—Continued head deformation discussed, 326-328 size of brain, 11, 329, 330 worship, reference to, v, 69 Peshkewah, biography, v, 527-530 Pestilence, among New England coast tribes, v, 219 Pestles, stone, described, 1, 80 illustrated, 1, 84; Iv, 175 See also Mortar and pestle. Peter, Jafer, witness at signing treaty, v1, 144 Peters, Dr. Absalom, Iv, 119 Petersen, Rey. Edward, Iv, 121 Petition to the President, pictographs used, I, 414-420 Petroglyphs, where found, 1, 334 See also Inscriptions; Sculptured Rock. Petroleum, cures effected by, 1, 161 Chickasaw lands, 1, 161 Seneca Reservation, 1, 161 Petti-coat, a Shoshoni chief, v, 199 Pettikokias, m1, 555 totems, mI, 555 warriors, number, I, 555 Pettiquanscott, destruction of, v1, 162 Petun or Tobacco Indians, slaughter of, Iv, 203 totems, Iv, 204 See also Tionontates. Pezhikee, Chief, v1, 385 Phalliec worship, supposed indications of, Iv, 140 Pheasant, a Blackfeet leader, v, 180 Phelps, S. L., 1v, 488 Phelps and Gorham, complaint against, v, 667 land purchased by, v, 667 Philadelphia, founding of, vr, 185 on site of Delaware village, Iv, 280 Philip, King. See King Philip. Philip of Pokanoket. See King Philip. Phillips, John, tv, 351 Phillips, J. S., paper on cranial meas- urements, 11, 331 Phillips, Mr. (artist), portrait of Black- snake, v, 673 Phillips, Mr. (craniologist), examined, v, 287 Philology, discussion of, Iv, 666-667 Phlegmon, Indian remedy for, iv, 514 ii of skulls INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 169 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Phoenician element, suggestion in In- dian culture, v, 86 Phoenician inscription, compared with that from Grave Creek mound, vi, 611 Phoenicians, in Africa, v, 88 Phonetie key to vocabularies, Iv, 482 Physical characteristics, 1, 40-41; u, 316-335; m1, 3738-393 affected by food, 1, 32; v, 656 Algonquin, compared with Mexican, Valor conclusions drawn from, iv, 351, 354-355 Creeks, v, 274 deseribed by Morton, 1, 38, 315 Iroquois, compared with Mexican, v, 107 Mandans, 1, 250 Oregon and California Indians, 11, 223, 224 origin theory based on, 1, 40 permanency, 1, 15, 41 similarity among tribes, 1, 316, 323; v, 31-82, 56 See also Physical types. Physical geography, Indian country, III, 91-177; 1v, 179-194 Southern California, m1, 100-118 Physical strength, Indian, compared with white man’s, 11, 246 Physical traits. See Physical charac- teristics. Physical types, Apache, v, 211 endurance of, 11, 45 Indian race, Iv, 354-365 ; v, 287-292 Physician, Indian, explanation of work, v, 445-446 See also Medicine man. Pia, given as synonym of Silla, 1v, 39 Piankashaw (Piankeshaw) language, a dialect of the Miami, m1, 399 an Algonquin dialect (Piankasha), i, 341 Piankashaws (Piankeshaws, Pianki- shaws), 111, 561; vi, 329, 481 a division of the Miami, m1, 404 allies of Miamies, v1, 330 also called Illinese, v, 41 annuities, m1, 584, 589 census, I, 488-497; 111, 621-628 classification, m1, 401; v, 145 170 Piankashaws—Continued condition, general, Iv, 467, 468 report on, vi, 547 creation myth, Iv, 135-136 defeat by Gen. Wayne, vI, 217 descendants of Mound-builders, tv, 135 friendly to the French, vi, 237 funds required for, m1, 572 in Pontiac’s conspiracy, v1, 243 included in Algonquin group, I, 36 lands, Iv, 572 ceded by, 1, 602, 603 disposal of, v, 496 purchased from, 11, 593, 598, 600 location, 1, 488; 11, 585, 592; Iv, 461; v1, 705 maps showing, 111, 96; vi, 519 missionary work among, vi, 740 peace sought by, vI, 343 population, I, 523; 111, 585, 592, 610; Iv, 572; vi, 272, 275, 688, 693 removal, vi, 516, 5386 agreed to, vi, 445 plans for, 111, 576, 577 statistics on land, m1, 605, 606 treaty, v, 499 statement of, v, 497 synopsis of, v, 496 warriors, number, 11, 554, 561; v1, 271 See also Peanquichas; Pianka- shaws and others; Piankashaws and Weas; Pyankeshaws. Piankashaws and others, fiscal statis- tics, vI, 721, 723 location, v1, T05 population, v1, 705 population (1812), v, 708 Piankashaws and Weas, location, Vv, 495; vi, 275 map showing colony, tv, 180 of Miami stock, v, 495 population, v, 495; v1, 275 removal, v, 495 Piankeshaws, Piankishaws. kashaws. Pianria, country occupied, m1, 559 watrriors, estimate of, 111, 559 See also Peorias. Piantias, warriors, estimate of, 111, 555 See also Peorias. See Pian- BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Picallipannish, population, 1, 521 Picanipalish, included in Qualliamish, VI, 688 Picaris, v1, 688 population, m1, 633; v1, 709 See also Picuris. Pickens, Andrew, treaty concluded by, VI, 827 Pickens, Gen., attack on Cherokees, VI, Bilis Pickering, Col., treaties conducted, v, 667, 668 Pickering, Dr., cited on California tribes, v, 216 Pickering, John, 1, 349 Pickering, Timothy, commissioner at Canadaigua council, v1, 326 Pictographs, Alleghany River, 1v, 172- 173 as a means of communication, I, 333 ; VI, 387, 389-890 as a revelation of thought, 1, 340; v, 64 as an aid to memory, I, 339, 404-405 as signatures, II, 226 Assonet River, Mass., v1, 113 bark used for, Iv, 71 Columbia River, v, 665 distinction between kinds, 1, 405 explanation of, 1, 407-411, 416-420; Iv, 251-253 Hudson River, 11, 738-75 illustrations, 1, 336, 338, 342, 348, 352, 356, 361, 373, 383, 387, 406, 408, 409, 416, 417, 419, 420; 11, 493 ; vI, 397 Indian system of, v, 397 interpretations, 1, 836-887, 352, 353- 354, 856-357, 361-366, 368-380, 383-388, 397, 401-404, 406-407 Iroquois, described, 1, 429 ‘illustrated, 1, 421, 429, 430; v1, 149 materials used in making, 1, 384 New Mexico, illustration of, v1, 604 object, 1, 336 of ancient nations, v, 397 of devices to aid hunters, v, 150 of hunting, 1, 382-388 of Manabozho’s devices, illustra- tions, v, 150, 152 on buffalo hide, illustration, v, 397 on rocks, I, 334 Nichols] Pictographs—Continued on trees, I, 334 recording war exploits, 111, 188 representing census-roll, illus- trated, 1, 222 representing guardian spirits, I, 390 Rocky Mountain, discussed, 111, 493— 494 subjects, I, 351-852 supposed Aztec, of Christian origin, v, 62-63 symbols used in, 1, 338, 351, 386— 388, 397 use by the Chippewas, v1, 463-464 use in petition to the President, I, 414420 uses, various, I, 339; v, 245 where found, 1, 334 See also Inscriptions ; Petroglyphs ; Pictography. Pictography, 1, 333-430 ; 11, 222-228; Iv, 251-254; vi, 604-607 among the Sioux, Iv, 70 antiquity, I, 841, 411-412 illustrations, Iv, 251, 253 knowledge recorded by, v, 398 three styles, Iv, 252 use of term, Iv, 251 See also Pictographs; Picture writing. Picture-writing, Mexican, 1, 350; VI, 584-585 Mexican, destruction, v, 102, 103 near Tacna, Peru, v, 659 Toltees and Aztecs, Iv, 251 use of term, Iv, 251 See also Pictography. Pictured Rocks, Iv, 316 described, 1, 169-170 illustrated, 1, 170 no pictographs on, I, 406 Picuris, Pueblo de, population, 1, 519 See also Picaris; Vicuris. Piedgans. See Piegans. Piegan, a Blackfeet leader, v, 180 Piegans (Peigans, Piedgans, Piekans), v, 180; vi, 688 alliance with Flatheads, v, 686 bands, 11, 631 Blackfeet division, 1, 487; v, 686 country, II, 631; v1, 699 division of the Sitkeas, m1, 252 936706—54——_12 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 171 Piegans—Continued language, v1, 699 origin of name, y, 189 population, v1, 688, 698 See also Blackfeet ; Paegans; Peca- neaux. Piekans. See Piegans. Pierce, Capt., attack on force led by, VI, 164 Pierson, Hamilton W., story of Ana- coana, II, 309 Pigmentation, racial differences, Iv, 852-353 Pike, Lt. Z M., expedition, 1, 189-141; vI, 350 population estimated by, 11, 282; v, 479; vi, 350 Pilgrims, and Massasoit, illustration, 1, 26 meeting with Indians, 1, 25 principles of government, I, 24—25 relations with various tribes, v, 219 See also Puritans. Pillagers, a name for Chippewas, I1, 58 annuities paid to, v1, 723 changes in life, v, 187-188 classification, m1, 36; v, 184 conflicts with Sioux, 11, 1538-155 country described, v, 184-185 ; 190- 191 first notice of, v1, 483 general account, v, 184-191 home, permanent, v, 191 land cessions, v, 188 list of chiefs, v, 189 numeral system, v, 244 origin of name, 11, 153; v, 145, 184, 185-186 population, v, 185; vi, 707 position as warviors, 1, 59 retreat of Sioux from, v, 98-99 separation from Chippewas, v, 185 social organization, v, 189 treaty made, vi, 421 villages, v, 185 vocabulary, brief, 1, 213 war leaders, noted, 11, 165 wars with the Sioux, v, 185, 186- 187 Pillar Rock, Oak Point, and Columbia River Indians, population, v, 705 172 Pima (Pimo) language, vocabulary, Ii, 460-462 Pimas (Pimos), cotton fabrics made by, Iv, 33 hair dressing, 111, 290 history, language, and archeology, In, 296-3806 location, 111, 306 map showing, 111, 96 migration legend, 111, 296 relations with Coco Maricopas, I, 296 Pinckney, Gov., dwelling, 1v, 162 Pinclatchas, a Creek town, v, 262 Pinihoole, derivation of name, Iv, 881 Pinyigoosan, name of medicine-bag, v, 424 Pinzon, Vincenti Yanez, Brazil discov- ered by, Iv, 562 Pioneers, attitude toward Indians, Iv, 316 Piorias. See Peorias and others. Pipe bearers, 11, 161, 166 Pipe, Capt., influence exerted, v1, 30 treaty signed, v1, 303 Pipe dance, Winnebago, described, J, 286 Pipe of peace. Pipe. Pipe sculpture, 11, 511-512; 1v, 140-143 aboriginal culture indicated, Iv, 141 art of, 1, 74 examples, discussed, 1v, 141-142 illustrated, 1, 78 Pipes, an article of trade, 1, 68; v, 692 antique, illustration, vI, 92, 602 antique stemless, described, 1, 74-75 black marble, Creeks, v, 692 buried with the dead, Iv, 54 California and Oregon, 111, 206 ceremonial use, 1, 31; v, 65-66, 169-170 decoration, m1, 511-512 description, Iv, 168, 166 found in mounds, I, 67-68 found on altars, 1, 52, 73 from burials, comparison of, 1, 104 illustrations, 1, 74-78, 120; u, 90, 512; Iv, 175; vi, 92, 602 Sce Calumet; Peace BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Pipes—Continued materials used, I, 73; Iv, 141, 175; v, 178; vi, 598 Moqui, described, 1v, 485-436 illustrated, iv, 74 Pennacook, illustrated, 1v, 175 pottery, age of, 1, 74 theory concerning, v, 110 prototype in Europe, 1, 68 sandstone, in form of idol, 1, 75 short clay, I, 68 Shoshonee, 1, 214 Sioux, m1, 176 stone, Moqui tradition of, 1v, 87 offered in sacrifice, 1v, 128 varieties used, 1, 512 use and description, 1, 72-75 use in making treaties, 11, 263 See also Peace pipe; Pipe sculp- ture ; Smoking customs ; Tobacco. Pipe-stems, decoration, 11, 512 illustrations, um, 512 Pipe-stone, charms made, 1, 86, 87 ornaments, occurrence, I, 68 traffic in, I, 67 Pipe-stone quarry, III, 257 location, 1, 176 Piscahoos(e), population, 1, 521; v1, 702 See also piscous. Piscataquaukes, derivation of name, v, 223 members of Pennacook Confeder- acy, v, 223 Piscataways, vI, 148, 145 missionary work among, VI, 734, 735 Pisco, skulls from cemetery, 1, 329 Piscous (Pisquouse), classification, mm, 402 population, v, 705; v1, 700 See also Piscahoos. Pishquitpahs, location, m1, 570 population, mr, 570, 609 Pisquouse. See Piscous. Pist-chins, language, mention of, Iv, 600 location, Iv, 598 population, rv, 598 Pistol River, Indians of, v1, 702 Pitcher, Dr. Zina, tv, 149, 492 paper on Indian medicine, tv, 502~ 519 reference to work, vi, 632 Nichols] Pitchlyn, John, work of, Iv, 545 Pitt Mountain, origin of name, 11, 165 Pitt River Indians, depredations, 111, 166 Pittsburg, fort established on site, VI, 2138, 214 sketch by Lewis Brantz, 111, 336 Pi-Utahs, a part of the Utah tribe, v, 199 country occupied by band of, v, 201 population, v, 201, 498 Pizarro, 1, 23; vi, 48 conquests, m1, 27 discoveries, mention of, Iv, 123 policy in Peru, v, 88-89 references to, II, 23; vi, 48 Pizhu, Chief, 1, 107 Place names, formation, 111, 502-505 lists, with meanings, 111, 506-509 poetic character, 111, 3828 See also Names, geographical. Plants. See Agriculture; Food; Me- dicinal plants; Roots. See also under the names of plants, as Corn, Tobacco, ete. Platanar, mission of Barcelona Prov- ince, Iv, 556 Plates, metal, Creeks, mention of, v, 283 Muscogees, described, v, 660 preserved by the Muscogees, II, 88-99 Platina, specific gravity, 1, 150 where found, 1, 150 Platte River, tribes on, v1, 556 Pleurisy, remedy for, tv, 512 Plow, substitute, v, 106 Plugge’s Town, Iv, 624, 625, 630, 631, 6382 Plum-stone game, Dacotahs, Iv, 64 Plymouth, attack, by Indians, v1, 164, 165 Indian warfare, v1, 158-160 landing of colony, v1, 104 missionary work, vi, 734, 736 Pocahontas, I, 29; Iv, 613 death, vi, 744 error in painting of, 11, 66 John Smith saved, vi, 97 true name, 11, 66 Pocanokets. See Pokanokets. Pocasset. See Troy Indians. Poch en tal le hasse, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 173 Po chis hach cha, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Po con talla hassa Town, a Creek town, Iv, 576 chief of, Iv, 576 Pocopassum, listed by Capt. Smith, v, 218 Pocuntullahases, a Creek town, v, 262 Po-da-wand-um-ee (Po-da-waud-um- eeg), separation from Ojibwas, i, 1389 westward migration, 11, 139 See also Potawatomies. Poemtucks, vi, 159 Poetic development of Indian mind, 11, 326-328 Poetry, Indian, examples, v, 608-611 Pogodque, population, 11, 6383 Pohanti, 1v, 77 Poh-lik, application of term, 111, 151 Pohlik-Klamath villages, m1, 145 Poinsett, Secretary of War, v1, 492, 506 decision regarding Cherokee mur- ders, v1, 502 negotiations with Cherokees, v1, 493 Point Iroquois, origin of name, 11, 149; vi, 201 Point St. Ignace, census of Indians, 1, 458-467 mission established, v1, 257 Poisoning, among the Ojibwas, m1, 145 remedies, Iv, 515 Poiwateeg, an ancient Chippewa vil- lage, v, 147 Pojoaque. See Pejodque; Pojodque. Pojodque (Pojuaque), language, v, 689 population, 1, 519; v1, 709 Pokanoket Bashabary, tribes compos: ing v1, 150 Pokanokets (Pocanokets), UH, 25; v, 121 affiliations, vi, 150 history, v1, 1138-115 independence in warfare, vI, 192 name for the Wampanoags, vi, 103, 150 New England tribe, vi, 125 relations with colonists, v1, 173 ruler of, Vi, 173 tribal circle, v1, 173 war, instigated by, v1, 172 on colonists, v1, 152-172 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” John Pogodque; 174 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Politeness among Indians, Iv, 342-345 | Pontiac, 1, 412; 11, 22, 57, 59; 1v, 614; Polygamy, among Comanches, I, 235- 236; um, 1381-182 Dacotahs, 111, 284-235 Oregon Indians, v, 654 cause of quarrels, 11, 184 cause of suicide, 111, 235 Polynesia, manufacture of cloth in, I, 90-91 Pometacom (Pometakom), vi, 98, 184, 248, 647 correct name of King Philip, vz, 151 son of Massasoit, vi, 103 See also King Philip. Pomo, language, 111, 112 treaty, m1, 112 Pomo and others, population, 111, 634 Ponacks, a synonym of Bonacks (q. v.), VI, 686 Pon a hor thlock o, chief at EHuchee, rv, 580 Ponashita, population, 1, 521 See also Bonacks. Ponceas, affiliations, tv, 550 census, VI, 556 location, m1, 594; vi, 556, 695, 705 population, 1, 523; m1, 594, 609; v1, 688, 695, 696, 705 See also Puncas. Ponce de Leon, 11, 35 defeated by Indians, v, 410 expedition of, m1, 24-25; vi, 38 Florida discovered, 1, 134 Florida named, vi, 743 Ponch Indians. See Paunch Indians. Ponci, an Apache chief, vy, 206 Pond, Messrs., work, Iv, 547, 548, 549 Pond Orrilles. See Pend d’Oreilles. Pond, Rev. Gideon H., a Dacotah mis- Sionary, Iv, 492, 497 paper on Medicine-men, rv, 641-651 quoted on Dakotah medicine-men, VI, 648-657 work of, Iv, 548, 549 Pond, Rey. S. W., work, tv, 548, 549 Ponderas, missionary work among, VI, 734, 735 population, 1, 521; v1, 701 See also Kalispel. Ponishta Bonacks, Snake River, popu- lation, v1, 701 Ponpon, Uchees at, 1, 26 v, 122, 1389; v1, 141, 268, 647 activities in Illinois, 1, 306-808 actual position, tv, 481 appearance, II, 308 argument used by, v1, 449 at Detroit, v1, 382 confederation against Hnglish, v1, 242-243 council headed, 11, 248, 248, 270, 290 death, two accounts, 1, 308 doctrine, v, 151 joined by Ojibwas, 1, 148 leader, possibly, at Braddock’s de- feat, vi, 217 opposition to Anglo-Saxons, v, 45 oratory, Iv, 627; v, 410, 518 origin uncertain, um, 308 quotation from speech, 111, 55 reference to speeches, vi, 300 resistance to the English, m, 241; v, 528 siege of Detroit, details, 11, 242-308 speech against the English, m, 248— 249 speech to the French, m, 270-272, 290 tribes joining conspiracy of, v1, 243 tribes organized, 1, 242, 307 victory at Bloody Bridge, v1, 287 White encroachment, efforts to check, vi, 248, 249 Pontiac manuscript, 11, 240-308 Pontiac’s Confederacy, tribes composing, i, 242, 307 Pontiae’s conspiracy, account of, VI, 242-248 Poor, Col., charge led by, vI, 309, 310 Popquit, son of Massasoit, v1, 151 Population, Indian (general), v, 479- 506 according to States, m1, 583-586, 598 affected by food supply, Iv, 350 at time of discovery, v, 34-35 at time of removal, v1, 518, 522 decrease in, 1, 191-192, 434; 1, 95, 172; mo, 95, 221, 614; v, 33-34, 479-480; vi, 180-181 causes of, v1, 561-563 density, v1, 599 effect of smallpox, 1, 257 Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S Population, Indian—Continued estimated by Col. Bouquet, v, 479; vI, 685 in groups, 1, 575-576 estimates, official, v, 34-35 unreliable, v, 34-85 various, v, 479 estimating, difficulties, 1, 227 geographical divisions, Vv, 480 new territory, 1, 192 Northwest, 1812, v, 708 old States, 1824, v, 450 over-estimation, vI, 349 report by Indian Bureau, VI, 414 415 tables showing, I, 439-524; m1, 551- 635, 601-606; Iv, 572-582, 590, 598, 603, 608; v, 701-708 ; VI, 686— 718 total, estimated, m1, 95, 559, 581; Iv, 459; v, 472, 480, 485; VI, 481, 564 upper Mississippi, 11, 562-569 wandering tribes, v1, 705 west of the Rockies, m1, 596 western and northern tribes, VI, 271 wild mountain tribes, 1, 520 Population, by tribes and territories: * Abinaki (Abinakies, Abonakies and others), vi, 270, 714 Absarokas (Absarokes). See Crows. Acazingo, m1, 516 Accohanocs, III, 517 Accomacks, 11, 517 Acoma, I, 519; 11, 633; VI, 686, 709 Actopan (Othomi), 1, 517 Adai (Addees, Addies, Adees), I, 585, 596; vi, 686 Adirondacks (Orondocks), vt, 270, 714 Aegakotchéising, TI, 478 Ahahawa, Il, 522 Ah-hoo-zeeb-kaw’s band, 1, 498-507 Akosa’s band, I, 458-467 Alabamas, II, 524 1In this section on population data, an effort has been made to identify the tribal names used by Schoolcraft with the accepted forms as given in the Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico (Bur. Amer. Ethnol. Bull. 30). The synonyms follow the present spelling in parentheses or are eross-refer- enced to it.—EDITOR. “YU, §. INDIAN TRIBES” 175 Population, by tribes—Continued Alagonking and others, vi, 714 Algonquin group, I, 5238; vi, 275 Algonquins, vI, 270, 272, 686 New York, 1, 524 Ohio Valley, rv, 605-606 Algonquins, Western, 1, 488 Alibamu (Alibamous), 11, 399 Allakaweah, 111, 525 Alleghany Reservation, v1, 690 Alsea (Ulseahs), mI, 571 Amalistes, 111, 525 Ambatawwo0ot, 1, 28 Anadarko (Ah-nau-dah-kas, An-a- dah-has, Anadahkas, Anadah- koes, Anadakas, An-a-dak-kas, Andaicos) 1, 518; 111, 635; v, 702; v1, 686, 699, 704, 708 Tonies, and Caddoes, v, 712 Ance’s band, 1, 458 Apaches, I, 245, 518, 519; m1, 528; v1, 686, 704, 705 Apaches, Lepans, and Jicarillas, v, 484 Apalachee (Apolashe, Asphalashe), TI, 585, 596 Apalachicola (Apalachicolas, Ap- palachicolas), 1, 531, 609, 610; vi, 686 Apalousa. See Opelusa. Appalachian group, I, 523; vi, 276, 518, 522, 690 Arapahoes (Arepahas, Arrepahas, Kaninahoick), 1, 245, 519, 523; 11, 404, 538, 596, 609; v, 495; vI, 556, 686, 704, 713 Arbre Croche, m1, 535 Arikara (Aricaree, Arickaras, Arickarees, Aurickarees, Rees), 1, 257, 523; 111, 595, 609, 630, 631 ; vy, 494; vi, 556, 686, 688, 704 Arkansas Indians, 1, 537 Assiniboin (Assinaboines, Assina- boins, Assiniboine, Assiniboins), 1, 257, 523; m1, 539, 594, 609, 631; v, 494; v1, 556, 686, 704 Atfalati (Sualtine, Wappatoo), 1, 521; m1, 570-576, 609; v1, 689, 701 Athapascas, 1, 27, 28; v, 172 Bannock (Bonacks, Bonnacks, Ponishta Bonacks, Ponashita), 1, 521; v, 493; vz, 697, 701 Beaver Indians, Iv, 558 176 Population, by tribes—Continued Beaver Island Indians, 1, 458; 111, 526; Iv, 558 Belantse-eteas See Hidatsa. Bidai (Bedies), 1v, 558; vi, 686 Biloxi (Beloxi, Billoxie, Bolixes), TiI, 585, 596; v, 702 Birch Bay Indians. See Semiah- moo. Blackfeet (Blackfoot), 1, 257, 523; m1, 595, 609, 631; rv, 560; v, 180, 494; v1, 556, 686, 698, 704 Blackfeet Sioux, v, 494 Bois Forte bands (Chippewas). See Sugwaundugahwininewug. Brothertons, 1, 523; 111, 583; v, 504; vi, 686, 707 Brulé (Broulé) Sioux, v, 494; v1, 713 Buffalo Reservation, v1, 690 Caddoes (Caddos, Caddow), 1, 518, 523; mt, 402, 585, 596, 609, 635; v, 702; v1, 686, 699 Caddoes and others, v1, 704 Caddoes, Ionies, and An-a-dak-kas, Ve 2s Vii OS Calapooya (Calipoa, Callahpoewah, Callapuyas, Callipoogas) 1, 521; 1, 201, 572, 609, 682; v, 492; v1, 686, 701 Calasthocle. See Quinaielt. California Indians, 1, 520, 523; 11, 112, 116, 634; v, 217, 484; v1, 686, COD. AOS alee ley California Indians, southern, Iv, 608 California Missions, 1, 520 Caloait (Calooit). See Skilloot. Cape Flattery Indians. See Makah. Carp River Indians. See Om- munise. Cascades. See Watlala. Catawba(s) (Catabas), 1, 524; 111, 583; vi, 179, 272, 686, 705 Cathlacomatup (Cathlacomma- tups, Cathlacumup, Cathlacum- ups), m1, 570, 571 Cathlamet (Catelamet, Cathlamah, Kathlamet, Kathlamit), 1, 521; mI, 571, 609; vi, 701, 702 Cathlanaquiahs (Cathlanahquii- ahs), m1, 570 (Belautse-etea). BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Population, by tribes—Continued Cathlapotle (Quathlapohtle), 111, yea Cattaraugus Reservation, v1, 690 Catugajay Creek division, 1, 508 Caughnawaga (Cognawagoes), VI, 714 Cayuga (Kayuga), I, 441, 519, 523; T1I, 583; 1v, 608, 604, 606; v, 504, 668 ; v1, 275, 694, 705, 707, 714 Cayugas and Senecas, vi, 718 Cayuses (Waulatpus, Willetpos. Yeletpo), 1, 521; 111, 570, 682; v, 498, 705, 706, 707 ; v1, 686, 700, 701 Chan wap pan. See Shanwappon. Chareowa(h), m1, 572, 609 Chastacosta (Shistacoostee, Sisti- coosta), v, 493; v1, 702 Cheboygan (Cheboigan ) band, 1, 478 Chehalis (Che-ha-lis, Chehaylis, Chickeeles, Chihalis, Chillates), 1, 521; 111, 201, 571; 1v, 599; v, 703; vI, 686, 701, 703 Chehalis and Puget’s Sound, v, 705 Chemetunne (Yakshute, Yah Shutes), tv, 493; v1, 702 Chemovi. See Sichomoyvi. Chenos, Huron, 1, 458 Chepawas (Cheppewyans). See Chippewa. Cherokees, 1, 508, 518, 523; m1, 584, 585, 596, 609, 610; Iv, 574, 607; v, 483, 504; vi, 272, 480, 481, 530, 686, 688, 690, 704, 708 Chetco (Cheattee) v, 493; v1, 702 Chetlessentan (Chetlessantun), v, 493; v1, 702 Cheyenne(s) (Chayennes), 1, 245, 519, 528; m1, 595, 609, 630, 631; v, 494; vi, 556, 686, 705, 713 Chickasaw(s) (Chickasas), 1, 508, 523; m1, 584, 597, 610; Iv, 574; v, 504; vi, 272, 686, 690, 704 Chilluckittequaw (Chillukkiteq- uaw), 111, 570, 609; v, 706 Chimakum (Chin-a-kum, Port Townsend Indians), tv, 598; v, 491, 703, 705; v1, 703 Chimnahpan (Chimnahpum, Chin- nahpum), m1, 570, 609; v, 706 Chinook (Chinnooks), 1, 521; 11, 201, 571, 609, 682; v, 492, 705; v1, 686, 701 Nichols] Population, by tribes—Continued Chinook—Continued Lower, v, 490; vi, 703 Upper, v, 490; v1, 703 Chippewa (Chipeway), 1, 458, 468, 523, 524; 11, 27, 1389-140; 111, 523, 524, 568, 584, 591; Iv, 572, 609; v, 495, 708; vi, 271, 272, 275, 276, 686, 698, 714 Bois Forte bands, v1, 692, 707 Grand Traverse Bay, rm, 523, 524 Lake Indians, v1, 692 Mississippi, v1, 704, 707 mixed bloods, vi, 692 Swan Creek and Black River, v1, 689, 692, 705 See also Chippewas and Ot- tawas, ete.; Chippewyan ,; Ojibways. Chippewas and Ottowas, 1, 610; vI, 705, 714 Chippewas and Saginaw, VI, 692 Chippewas, Boisfort and Red Lake, vI, 707 Chippewas of Lake Superior, VI, 692, 704, 707 of Saginaw, vi, 705 Chippewas, Ottawas, and Pottowat- tomies, 11, 610 Chippewyan, vy, 172 Chockrelatan (Chockreletan, Choc- releatan), v, 492; vi, 702 Choctaws (Choctas), 1, 522, 523; m1, 584, 585, 597, 609, 610; Iv, 574; v, 488, 504; vi, 272, 479, 686, 690, 704 Chopemnish Nez Percés. Christian Indians, 1, 488; v, 504; vI, 705 and Muneceys, v, 495 Cia, mI, 633; vi, 709 Cibolos, ancient. See Zuni. Clackama (Clackamas, Clarka- mus), 1, 521; 11, 572, 609, 632; v, 492; v1, 686, TOL Clackstar. See Tlatskanai. Clahaquah (Clannahqueh), 11, 571 Clallams (Noosclalum, Nooselalum, Duginass, Noostlalums, Skal- lam’s Skallum), 1, 521; 1v, 598; vy, 491, 700, 703, 705; v1, 700, 703 (Chopunnish). See INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “y, §, INDIAN TRIBES” 177 Population, by tribes—Continued Clamoctomichs. See Klumaitumsh. Claninnatas, 1, 571 Clannarminnamuns. minimin. Clatsop (Chatsops, Klatsops), I, 5213) 11,2201; 571, 1609; 632; v, 492; vi, 686, 701 Clear Lake Indians, m1, 110, 6384 Clear Lake region, vi, 711 Clowwewalla (Tum Waters), I, 632 Cochite, Pueblo de, 1, 519 Cochiti, m1, 6338; v1, 709 Coeur d’Alenes, vi, 700, 701. See Skitswish. Cognawagoes [Caughnawaga] and Connefedagoes [Oka], v1, 714 Cognawagoes [Caughnawaga] and others, v1, 714 Columbia Valley, m1, 570-572 Colville (Collville, Schwo-Yelpi, Wheelpo), 1, 521; 11, 572, 609, 632; v, 490, 705, 706, 707; v1, 700, TOL and Spokane, vy, 706, 707 Comanches (Camanches, Na-u-ni, Padoucas), 1, 230, 244, 245, 260, 518, 519; 11, 596, 609, 635; v, 702; vi, 686, 705, 708 and Kioways, vI, 705 Con-a-ha-ta-kaw’s band, 1, 498 Conerd, Helene, 1, 521 Conestoga (Susquehannocks), VI, 131 Connecticut Indian, 1, 524 Connefedagoes [Oka] and Cogna- wagoes [Caughnawaga], vi, 714 Connewango (Connewangos), UI, 288 Conoy (Conoies, Conoys), V, 668 ; vi, 714 Coos (Cookkoo-oose), WI, 571, 609 Cooniac (Konick), 1, 521 See Kathla- Coosadas. See Koasati. Coospeliar. See Kalispel. Cootenays. See Kutenai. Cootenays [Kutenai] and Flatbows (Flatboys), v1, 700; v, T05 Coppermine Indians, 0, 27 Cosulhentan (Cosutheutun). See Kwusathlkhuntunne. 178 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Population, by tribes—Continued Cowlitz (Cow-e-litz, Cowe-wa-chin), T, 521; lav, 598,..5995°v;° 705; VI, 686, 701 Cowlitz and Upper Chihalis, v, 490, 703; vi, 703 Cree (Knisteneaux) 11, 593 Creeks, 1, 518, 522, 523; ml, 584, 596, 609, 610; Iv, 574; v, 263, 483, 494, 504; vi, 333, 369, 532, 686, 690, T08 Crees, 11, 593, 609 ; vi, 556, 686, 705 Crows (Absarokas, Absarokes, Up- sarokas), I, 523; m1, 595, 609, 630, 631; Iv, 494; v1, 556, 686, 705 Cushhooks (Clishhooks), 111, 572, 609 Cushnas, v1, 710 Dakotas (Dacota, La Sue), 1, 498, 525° mm, 614s svi 275,0cl4 Dalles bands, v, 490, 705, 706, 707; vi, 700 Deagothee Loochoo. See Tuthkuth- kutchin. Delawares, I, 488, 518, 523; 10, 424, 583, 585, 592, 609, 610, 635; Iv, 572, 606; v, 140, 142, 495, 708; vi, 271, 272, 687, 699, 705, 714 and Munsees, vI, 275 and Shawnees, vi, 708 of Indiana (1812), v, 708 Des Chutes (De Chutes), I, 521; lit, 632; v, 493, 706, 707; v1, 686 700, TOL Detroit Chippewas, 1, 458 Dieguefios, m1, 100 Diggers, v, 498 Dogribs. See Thlingehadinne. Drummond Island band, 1, 458 Dwamish (Nee-wam-ish, Port Or- chard Indians), tv, 958; v, 491, 703, 705; vi, 703 Echeloot (Eskeloot). See Tlak- luit. Eel River Indians, m1, 584 Hel River region, vz, 711 Ehihalis [Chehalis], v, 490 El Paso Pueblo, v1, 687 Eneshur, v, 706 Enefe]shure, 1, 570, 609 Eshquagonabee’s band, 1, 458 Eskeloot, m1, 570, 609 Eskini (Erskines), v1, 710 Population, by tribes—Continued [Bull. 152 Etchareottine (Edchautawoot), 0, PA Etcheridiegottine (Tsillawadoot), Ir, 28 Enquachee. See Yukichetunne. Euquatops. See Mescaleros. EKuquatops and Muscaleros. See Mescaleros. Eutahs of New Mexico. See Ute. Ewinte. See Uinta. Fall Indians, 11, 251 Flatbows, v, 490 Flatbows and Cootenays [Kutenai], vi, 700 Flatheads, 1, 521; v, 490, 705, 706, 707; vi, 556, 687, 700, 701 Flat River band, 1, 478 Flattery Indians. See Makah. Florida Indians, 1, 522, 523 Folsavoins. See Menominee. Fort Village band, 1, 478 Foxes (Outtagomies), tm, 259, 562, 598, 609; v1, 271, 714 Foxes and Sacs, 1, 488, 523; v1, 687 Fresno Indians, tv, 608 Fresno Reservation, vi, 715 Fresnos of California, v1, 687 Goodrod’s band, 1, 498 Good Thunder’s band, 1, 498 Grand Island Indians, 1, 458 Grand Rapids band, 1, 478 Grande Ronde. See Willewah. Green Bay region, vI, 271 Griswold Colony band, 1, 478 Gros Ventres, I, 523; m1, 594, 609, | 630, 631; v, 494; v1, 556, 687, 698, 705 Gros Ventres of the Prairie, m1, 595; VI, 556, 687 Groton, m1, 583 Habe Napo. See Khabenapo. Hainai (Ionees, Ionies), 1, 518; 111, | 635; v, 702; v1, 687, 699 Hannakallal (Hannakallah), II, 571, 609 Hano (Tanoqueyi), 1, 519 Hehighenimmo (Hihighenimmo). See Sanpoil. Herring Pond, m1, 583 Nichols] Population, by tribes—Continued Hidatsa (Belantse-eteas, Belautse- etea, Minatarees, Minetarees, Minnatarees, Minnetarees), 1, 257, 5233 Im, 251; 252, 594, 609; Iv, 559; v, 494; v1, 687, 705 Hilleamuck. See Tillamook. Hocks [Hoako], vi, 710 Hohilpos, m1, 572 ‘Hokamish. See Skokomish. Holilepas, v1, 710 Homamish (Homanish). See Sko- mamish. Hookluhmie Indians. See Lummi. Ho-pee-kaw’s band, 1, 498 Hohilpos (Ho pil po), v, 706 Hopi (Moques, Moqui Pueblos, Moquis), 1, 244, 245, 519; 111, 633; v, 484; vi, 687 Hunkpapa (Onkpapah), v, 494 Hurons, (Wayondotts, Wiyondotts, Wyandots, Wyandotts) 1, 441; In, 583, 584, 590, 610; v, 495, 708; VipeokOs 2s 272.275, 10d, (14 Huta Napo. See Kuhlanapo. Ietan, Ietam, (Jetam) 11, 597, 609 Interior Indians (Chippewas), v1, 692 Ionees (fonies) See Hainai. Ionies, An-a-dak-kas, and Caddoes, v, 712; v1, 708 Ionies and others, v1, 704 Iowas, (Ihoways, Ioways), 1, 498; Tit, 258, 562, 585, 593, 609; Iv, 466, 572 ; v, 495; vi, 687, 705 Iroquois, tv, 603, 604; v, 481; vz, 270, 275, 687 and Algonquins of New York, vi, 690 Confederacy, Iv, 603, 604 group, I, 441, 523 of New York, vi, 718 of the West, vi, 275 Isanyati. See Santee. Is-chaw-go-baw-kaw’s band, I, 498 Isletta Pueblo de, I, 519 ; 111, 633 ; v1, 687, 709 below El Paso, 1, 519 Jemez (Jenies), 11, 633; v1, 687, 709 Jemez, Pueblo de, 1, 519 Jicarillas, 1, 245, 519 John Day’s River, v, 706 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 179 Population, by tribes—Continued Juparivi. See Shipaulovi. Kadohadacho. See Caddoes. Kagwatosa’s band, 1, 458 Kah lis pelm, v, 707 Kahtais, v, 491, 703; v1, 703 Kahuneles, 111, 571 Kalawatset (Killawats), m1, 571 Kalispel (Calapelins, Calespelins, Colespelin, Coospellar, Kah lis pelm, Kullus Palus, Pend’ Oreil- les, Ponderas), 1, 521; v, 707, v1, 686, 701 Kamiah (Kimooenim Band), m1, 570 Kancho or Hare. See Kawcho- dinne. Kaninahoick. See Arapaho. Kansa (Kanzas), I, 523; 11, 480, 594, 609; Iv, 572; v, 495; vi, 687 tribe, v1, 705 Kansas Territory Indians, vr, 518 Kaquaiths, v, 491, 708; v1, 703 Kaskaias, mI, 596, 609 Kaskaskias, I, 525; 111, 584, 593 ; Iv, 572; vi, 272, 687 and others, vi, 705, 714 and Peorias, 111, 609; v1, 693 Kathlaminimim (Clannarminna- muns), II, 571 Kawchodinne (Kancho or Hare), 1, 28 Keawas, 111, 596, 609 Keechies [Kichkai], Wacoes, and Towaecarros, vi, 705 Kettle Falls, 1, 521 Khabenapo (Habe Napo, Habe- Napo), m1, 109, 634 Khwaishtunnetunne (Whistanatin, Wishtenatin), v, 493; v1, 702 Kichkai (Kechies, Keechies, Koe- chies), 1, 518; m1, 635; v, 702; vt, 687, 699, 708 Kickapoo (Kick-u-al-lis, Kikialis, Kikiallis), 1v, 598; v, 491, 704; v1, 703 Kickapoos, 1, 488, 523; m1, 585, 592, 609, 610; Iv, 572; v, 495; vi, 272, 687, 705, 714 Kilamukes (Killamucks). See Til- lamook. 180 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Population, by tribes—Continued Killaxthokle (Killaxthocles, Killay- thocles), 111, 571, 609 Kimooenim band. See Kamiah. King’s River Indians, v1, 715 Kinkla, m1, 201 Kiowas (Keawas, Kioways, Kaya- guas), I, 245, 518, 523; m1, 596, 609; v1, 687, 705, 708 Kitunaha, v, 707 Klamath Reservation, v1, 715 Klamath River villages, m1, 138, 156, 684 Klamaths (Klamets), 1, 201; v, 493 Klikitat (Klickitats, Clickatais, Clickatats, Clickitats, Klikatats, Vancouvers), I, 521; 11, 682; v, 490, 705, 707; v1, 700, 701 Klumaitumsh (Clamoctomichs), m1, 571 Knisteneaux. See Cree. Koasati (Coosadas, Coshattees, Coshatties), m1, 399, 585, 596 Koog-ay-ray-kaw’s band, 1, 498 Kosotshe (Luckkarso), 01, 571, 690 Kotsoteka (Koolsatik-ara), 1, 498 Kuhlanapo (Huta Napo), m, 634 Kuitsh (Umquas), 1, 521; 11, 201, 682; v, 492; v1, 689, 701 Kullas Palus. See Kalispel. Kutauwa (Neeketoos), mi, 571 Kutenai (Contenay, Cootenays, Coutenay, Kootamies), 1, 521; v, 490, 705, 706; v1, 700, 701 Kwaiailk (Staktomish, mish), v, 701, 704 Kwatami (Quahtomah, Quatomah, Saquaacha), v, 492; v1, 702 Kwehtimamish (N’quutl-ma-mish), v, 704; vi, 703 Kworatem (Quoratem), 111, 151 Kwusathlkhuntunne (Cosulhentan, Cosutheutun), v, 492; vi, 702 Laguna, 1, 519; m1, 633; v1, 687, 709 See also Clear Lake Indians. Lahanna, 1, 572, 609 Lake Calhoun band, 1, 498 Lake Huron Chippewas, 1, 458 Lake Indians (Chippewas), v1, 692 Lakmiut Sackanoir, Suchamier), I, 521; vi, 689, 701 La Purissima Concepcion, 1, 520 Stakto- [| Bull. 152 Population, by tribes—Continued L’Arbre Croche Ottowas, 1, 478 Larlielo (Lartielo). See Spokan. La Sue. See Dakota. Leech Lake Indians, 111, 366 Lentes (Lentis, Leunis or Leutis), I, 519; m1, 633; v1, 687, 709 Lewis River Snakes, v, 493 Lipans, I, 518; 11, 635; vi, 687, 705, 708 Little Crow’s Village, 1, 498 Little Dekonie’s band, 1, 498 Little Flathead Indians, v1, 701 Little Mills band, 1, 498 Little Six’s band, 1, 498 Little Thunder’s band, 1, 498 Lokulk. See Sokulk. Loquamish, v, 491 Lower Chinooks, v, 703 Lower Creeks, v, 483 See also Creeks. Luckawis, m1, 571 Luckkarso. See Kosotshe. Lucktons, m1, 571 Lummi (Hooklumic Indians, Nook- lummi, Nookluolamie, Noot- hum), 1, 521; v, 701, 704; vi, 701, 703 Mackanotin. See Minkonotunne. Mahiean (Mohicans, Mohiccans, Mohickons), tv, 606; v, 668; vI, 714 Mahicans of Stockbridge, v, 504 Makah (Cape Flattery Indians, Ma-caw, Makahs, Makaw, Ya- caws), I, 521; rv, 598; v, 700, 708; vI, 687, 689, 701, 703 Mandans (Mandon), I, 257, 523; 111, 249-250, 258, 254, 595, 609, 630, 631; v, 494, vi, 556, 687, 705 Manistee River Indians, 1, 458 Manzana, I, 519 Maple River band, 1, 478 Mariposa, vi, 687 Mariposa County Indians, tv, 608 Mariposa, Fresno, and Merceda In- dians, v, 484 Marlain or Kite (Marlin or Kite). See Staitan. Martha’s Vineyard, 11, 583 Mascoutens (Mascoudins, Mascou- tins, Miscotins, Musquatons, Mus- quitons), 1v, 245; v1, 204, 272, 714 Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 181 Population, by tribes—Continued Population, by tribes—Continued Mashpee (Marshpee), 111, 583 Massachusetts Indians, 1, 287 Maw-kuh-soonch-kaw’s band, 1, 498 Mdewakanton (Medawakantons, People of the Lakes) 111, 562, 613, 614, TOT Mendocino Reservation, v1, 715 Menduwakanton [Mdewakanton] and Wapakotah [Wahpekute] Sioux, v1, 707 Menominee (Folsavoins, Menomee- nees, Menomenes, Menominees, Menomonees, Menomonies, Mo- nomonies, Mynomanies), 1, 488, 528 ; 111, 562, 584, 591, 610; v, 708; VI, 271, 275, 687, 691, 705, 707, 714 Mercede Indians, tv, 608; v1, 687 Mescaleros (Euquatops, Muscala- roes, Muscaleros, Mus-ka-le-ras), I, 289, 518; v1, 687, 705, 708 Miami (Miamies, Twightwees), 1, 488, 523 ; m1, 584, 591, 610; Iv, 572, 605 ; v, 495, 708; vi, 272, 275, 499, 687, 705, 714 Miamis and others (1812), v, 708 Michigamea (Mitchigamas), vi, 714 Michigan tribes, vi, 692 Michopdo (Wachucknas), v1, 710 Micksuckealton (Micksuckseal- tom), 111, 572; v, 706 Micmac (Souriquois), 1, 524; vI, 689 Middle Village, 1, 478 Mie-mis-souks, 1v, 598 Mikasuki (Mickasaukies), 1, 522 Mikonotunne (Mackanotin, Maquel- noten), v, 493; v1, 702 Minatarees [and variant spellings]. See Hidatsa. Minikonga, v, 494 Miseekwigweelis (Mis-kai-whu), v, 704; vi, 703 Mission, v, 707; v1, 700 Mission band, 111, 632 Missions, California, 1, 520 Missisauga (Mississagies, Missis- sagues), 111, 199; vi, 272, 275 Missouris (Missourias), 1, 523; 1, 598; 1v, 573; v, 494; vi, 687 and Ottoes, v1, 706 Mitchigamas and others. See Michigamea. Mixed bloods (Chippewas), 1, 520; vi, 692 Mohawk (Mohocks), tv, 603, 604, 606; v, 668; vI, 275, 687, 714 Mohegan, I, 524; m1, 583 Molala (Molallas, Mole Alleg, Molealleg, Mollales), 1, 521; 111, 632; v, 492 Mountain Indians, 1, 27 Muhzheguning, 1, 458 Multnomah, m1, 570 Muncee (Munceys and Christian Indians, Munsays, Munsees, Mun- sees and Delawares, Munsies), I, 523; v, 495, 668; vi, 275, 687, 705, 707, 714 Murphy, N. C., neighborhood of, 1, 508 Muscogee (Muscogulges), 1, 266; v, D04 Musquakeys [Foxes] and others, v1, 714 Musquatons and others (Musqui- tons and others). See Mascou- tens. Mustees and Mulattoes. See Mixed- bloods. Nahane (Nohannies), 1, 28 Nambe, Il, 633; vi, 687, 709 Nanticokes, v, 668; vi, 714 Narragansetts, 1, 524; m1, 583; v1, 687 Nasumi (Nasomah), v, 492; vi, 702 Nataotin (Nateotetains), 11, 28 Natchez, vi, 272 Natchitoches, m1, 585, 596 Navaho (Nabajos, Navahoes, Nay- ajo) and Utahs, 1, 244, 245, 519; Iv, 214, 220; v, 484, 498; vi, 687, 705 Naw-key-ku-kaw’s band, 1, 498 Nebraska Territory Indians, v, 486 Nechacoke[e], m1, 570 Neeketoos. See Kutauwa. Nee-wam-ish, tv, 598 Nemalquinner, 11, 570 Neosho Agency, 1, 498 Neosho Senecas and Shawnees, VI, 687 Neutral Nation, rv, 207 Ne-u-tub-vig, Iv, 598 182 Population, by tribes—Continued New Mexico Indians, 1, 245, 518, 519, 523; v, 484; vi, 687 New York Indians, 11, 583, 586, 610 ; Iv, 572 Nez Percés (Siiaptins), 1, 521; 1m, 570, 609, 632; v, 490, 493, T05, 706, 707; vi, 688, 700, TOL Nipis[s]ing, v1, 272 Nisqualli (Nisqually, Qualliamish, Quallyamish, Squalli- ah - mish, Squalliamish, Squally - ah - mish, Squallymish), 1, 521; 1v, 598; v, 701, 704, 705; v1, 688 Nisqually River Indians, v, 491 Nome Cult Valley, vi, 715 Nome Lacke Reservation, vi, 715 Nooksak (Nooksaak), v, 491, 704; vi, 703 North Carolina tribes, v1, 182 North-western California, 1, 634 Nottoway (Nottaways, Nottowas, Nottoways), 1, 524; m1, 588; v1, 688 Nukwatsamish (N’qua-cha-mish), v, 704; vi, 703 Nusehtsatl (Noosechatl, Noo-seh- chatl), v, 703; v1, 703 Oglala (Ogeelala, Ogellahs, Ogel- lalas)), 15. 523'34 V, 4945. Vi,° 556, 688, 713 Ohio Valley Indians, Iv, 605-606 Ojibways, 11, 189-140 See also Chippewa. Okinagans (Okinakanes, Okona- gan, Okonagon, Okonegan, Ouki- nagans, Oukinegans), 1, 521; m1, 632; v, 490, 705, 706, 707; v1, 688, 700, 702, 710 and Pisquouse, v, 705; vi, 700 Ololopel (Olippas), v1, 710 Omahas (Omahaws, Owaha), I, 498, 523; 111, 609; Iv, 573; v, 494; vI, 688, 705, 706 Ommunise (Carp River Indians), 1, 458 Oneidas, 1, 441; 111, 588, 590, 594; Iv, 603, 604, 606; v, 668, 705, 707; vi, 714, 718 and Tuscaroras, VI, 275 of Green Bay, VI, 688, 707 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 1&2 Population, by tribes—Continued Oneidas—Continued of New York, v, 504; vi, 688, 707 of Wisconsin, v, 504 Onondaga (Onondagoes), 1, 441; 111, 583, 590; Iv, 608, 604, 606; v, 504, 668; v1, 275, 688, 705, 707, 714, 718 Ootlashoot, 11, 570 Opelusa (Apalousa), 11, 529, 531 Oquaga (Aughquagas, Oquagos), v, 668; vi, 714 Oraibi (Oriva), 1, 519 Oregon Indians, 1, 486, 437, 521, 523; v, 484; vi, 688 Oregon Territory tribes, v, 492- 493 ; v1, 705 Osages (Washbashas), I, 585, 594, 609; Iv, 572, 590; v, 495; vi, 414, 540, 688, 689, 705, 712 Oswegatches, vi, 714 Oto (Otoes, Ottoes), 1, 498, 523; Il, 593; Iv, 573; v, 494; v1, 688 and Missourias, m1, 609; v1, 705, 706 Ottawas (Ottowas, Outtamacks), 1, 478, 523; m1, 583, 584, 591, 609, 610: tv, 572); V; 495 vi. Dla 272; 275, 688, 705, 714 and Chippewas (Chepawas), m1, 610; vi, 705, 714 and others, vi, 714 of Maumee (1812), v, 708 of Michigan Peninsula (1812), v, 708 Outtagomies and others, v1, 714 See also Foxes. Outtamacks and others, v1, 714 See also Ottawas. Pacific Coast tribes, v, 487-489 Padoucas. See Comanche. Pahvant (Parant Utahs), v1, 697 Pailsh. See Copalis. Paint Town, 1, 508 Paloos (Palooses, Palvas, Pelloat- pallah band, Pelouses, Se wat palla), 1, 521; m1, 570, 682; v, 490, 705, 706, 707; vi, 701 Paluxies. See Biloxi. Parant Utahs. See Pahvant. Pascagoula, 111, 585, 596 Nichols] Population, by tribes—Continued Passamaquoddies, I, 524; 1, 583; vi, 688 Paviotso (Pi-Utahs), v, 201, 498 Pawnee, I, 523; m1, 479-480, 595, 609; Iv, 573; v, 495; v1, 688, 705 Pejodque Pueblo, v1, 688 Pend d’Oreilles (Pond Orilles), 10, 632; v, 490, 705, 706, T07 Lower, vI, 700 Upper, v1, 700 See also Kalispel. Pennacooks, v, 230 Penn’s Cove Indians, v, 705 Penobscot, 1, 524; m1, 512, 583; v1, 688 Penointik-ara, I, 522 Peonies, m1, 592 People of the Lakes. See Mdewa- kanton. People of the Leaves. See Wah- petum. Peorias (Piorias), 1, 523; Iv, 572; vI, 688, 714 and Kaskaskias, m1, 609, 610; v, 495 and others, v1, 705 Pequots, v1, 117 Piankashaw (Piankashas, Pianka- shaws, Piankeshaws, Pyanke- shaws), I, 5238; m1, 585, 592, 610; Iv, 572; vi, 272, 275, 688, 714 and others, v, 708; v1, 705 and Weas, m1, 609; v, 495; vz, 275 Picallipannish, [Puyallup?] 1, 521 Picuris (Picaris), 1, 519; 111, 633; vi, 688, 709 Piegans, vi, 688, 698 Pillagers, v, 185, 707 Pillar Rock, and others, v, 705 Pishquitpahs, 111, 570, 609 Pisquows (Pischoos, Piscahoose, Pisquouse), I, 521; vi, 702 and Okinakanes, v, 705; vi, 700 Pist-chin, rv, 598 Point St. Ignace, 1, 458 Pojoaque (Pogodque, Pojodque, Pojuaque), 1, 519; 111, 633; v1, 709 Poncas (Puncahs), 1, 523; m1, 594, 609; Iv, 573; v1, 556, 688, 705 Ponderas, Squiaelps. See Kalispel. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U, S. INDIAN TRIBES” 183 Population, by tribes—Continued Port Orchard Indians. See Kalis- pel. Port Townsend Indians. See Chimakum. Potawatomi (Pattawatimas, Pot- tawatamies, Pottawatomies, Pot- tawattamies, Pottawattomies, Putawatimes), 1, 488, 523; 111, 584, 610; Iv, 572; v, 495; vi, 271, 272, 275, 688, 705, 714 Strolling, v1, 707 of Chicago and Illinois (1812), v, 708 of Huron, y1, 705 of St. Joseph and the Huron (1812), v, 708 Potoash, m1, 571 Priest’s Rapids, v, 706 Puans. See Winnebago. Pueblo, v, 484; v1, 705, 709 Pueblo, of New Mexico, 1, 519; 111, 638 ; vI, 688 Puget’s Sound Indians, tv, 598; v, 484 Puyallup (Pualli-paw-mish, Pual- liss, Pugallipamish, Puyallupam- ish, Puyyallopamish), rv, 598; v, 491, 701, 708, 704 Quack-ena-mish (Quak-s’n-a-mish). See Squaxon. Quaitso (Quieetsos), m1, 571 Quanusee. See Murphy. Quapaw, (Quapas, Quappas), I, 498, 528 ; III, 585, 594, 609, 610; rv, 574, 495, 702; vi, 688, 705 Quillequaquas, mI, 632 Quinaielt (Calasthocle, Quinailee, Quin-aitle, Quiniilts, Quenoil), I, 521; 111, 571; v, 490, 703; vi, 708 Quinnechart. See Makah. Red Wing’s Village, 1, 498 Rees (Ricarees), See Arikara. Rock Island tribe, 111, 632; v, 707; vi, 700 Rogue River Indians, v, 493 Rogues or Raseally, 111, 201 Root Diggers, v, 493 Russian River region, 111, 634; v1, (aul Sdaptins. See Nez Percés. Sackanoir. See Lakmiut. 184 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Population, by tribes—Continued Population, by tribes—Continued Sacramento Indians, 111, 201 Sacramento Valley Indians, v1, 688, 710 Sacs [Sauk] and Foxes, 1, 488, 523 ; v, 495; vi, 414, 705 Saes [Sauk] of Missouri, 111, 609 Sagennom band, 111, 570 Saginaw (Saganaws), I, 458; v, 708 Sah-aptin, Iv, 551 Sahaptins, m1, 632 Sahewamish (Sa-heh-wa-mish of Say-hay-ma-mish, Sehehwamish) , Iv, 598; v, 708, 704; vi, 703 St. John’s Indians, mI, 583 St. Regis, 1, 441; 1, 583; Iv, 603, 604, 607; v, 504; vi, 689, 705, 707 Sa-ku-me-hu (Sock-a-muke), Iv, 598; v, 704; v1, 703 Salish, 1, 521; v, 490; vi, 688, 701 Samamish (Sah-ma-mish), Iv, 598; v, 703; vi, 703 Samish, v, 491, 704; v1, 703 San Antonio de Padua, 1, 520 San Buenaventura, I, 520 San Carlos de Monterey, 1, 520 Sandia, 1, 519; m1, 633; v1, 688, 709 San Diego, 1, 520 San Domingo, 1, 519 San Felipe, 1, 519; 11, 683; vi, 688 709 San Fernando, 1, 520 San Francisco mission, 1, 520 San Gabriel, 1, 520 San Ildefonso, 1, 519; 111, 633; VI, 688, 709 San Jose, 1, 520 San Juan, I, 519; m1, 633; v1, 688, 709 San Juan Bautista, 1, 520 San Juan Capistrano, I, 520 San Luis Obispo, 1, 520 San Luis Rey de Francia, 1, 520 San Miguel, 1, 520 Sanpoil (Hehighenimmo; Hihig- henimmo, Linpoilish, Sempoiles, Senpoils), 1, 521; m1, 200 (map), 572, 609; v, 706; vi, 688, 701 Sansares, v, 494 Sans Puelles, v, 706 Santa Ana 1, 519; m1, 6383; vi, 688 Santa Barbara, I, 520 Santa Clara, 1, 519, 520; 1m, 683; vI, 688, 709 Santa Cruz, I, 520 Santa Dominga, III, 6338 ; VI, 688, 709 Santana, vi, 709 Santee (Isanyati), 1, 248 Saponi (Sapoones, Sapoonies), v, 688; vi, 714 Satsika, rv, 560 Sauk (Saces), 11, 259, 562, 598, 609 ; IN CAP Vials 24 Sauk and Fox, 1, 488, 523; 11, 584; v, 495; vi, 414, 705 Saukeys [Sauk] and others, v1, 714 Sa-wa-mish vy, 703; vi, 703 Schwo-Yelpi. See Colville. Sciota Valley, I, 73 Sekani (Sicaunies), 11, 28 Semiahmoo (Birch Bay Indians, Shimiahmoo), v, 491, 704, 705; vi, 703 Seminoles, 1, 522, 524; mr, 610; tv, 574, v1, 479, 688, T05 Seminoles and others, m1, 584, 597 Senecas, 1, 441; 11, 588, 590, 609, 610; 1v, 528, 574, 603, 604, 605, 606; v, 495, 505, 668; v1, 275, 705, 707, 714, 718 and Shawnees, 111, 609, 610; v, 495 ; v1, 705 and Shawnees of Neosho, Iv, 590 of Alleghany, vi, 688 of Buffalo, vr, 688 of Cattaragus, vI, 688 of Neosho, tv, 590 of Sandusky, v, 708; v1, 705 of Tonawanda, vr, 688 Shahaka (Shahalah), m1, 570, 609 Shallattoos (Shal lat tos), m1, 572; v, 706 Shanwappom (Chan wap pan, Shamwappoms, m1, 572; v, 706 Shaste, m1, 201 Shawnees (Shawanese, Shawanoes, Shawnese), I, 441, 488, 518, 524; I, 588, 585, 591, 609, 610, 625; Iv, 572, 574, 606; v, 495; vi, 271, 272, 275, 688, 699, 705, 714 Shawnees and Delawares, v1, 708 Shawnees of Ohio and Indiana (1812) v, 708 Nichols] Population, by tribes—Continued Shinecocks, v1, 688 Shipaulovi (Juparivi), 1, 519 Shobarboobeer, mI, 572 Shokomish, v, 491, 703; vi, 7035 Sho-mam-ish (S’homamish), Iv, 598; v, 703, 704; v1, 703 Shoshoni (Shoshonee, Shoshonees, Shoshones, Shoshonies, Snake, Soshawnese), 1, 199, 521, 522; mz, 570, 572, 597, 609; v, 493, 494, 498, 556; vi, 688, 689, 697, 701 S’hotle-ma-mish (Sroo-tle-mamish), Iv, 598; v, 703; v1, 703 Shoto, m1, 570 Sichomovi (Chemovi), I, 458 Siksika, See Blackfeet. Silela (Shallala, Shallalah), 10, 571, 609; v, 706 Silla, m1, 633 Silla, Pueblo de, 1, 519 Sinamish of Whidley’s Island, v1, 701 Sioux, 1, 524; 111, 594, 609, 614, 629, 631; v, 701; vi, 275, 276, 688, 707 and others (1812), v, 708 decline in, 11, 242 of the Mississippi, v1, 705 of the Missouri, v1, 705 of the Plains, vi, 705 Sisseton (Sissitons), m1, 563 Siuslaw (Sheastuckles), 1m, 571 Six Nations, v1, 718 Skaddall (Skaddalls, Skaddals), 1, 572, 609; v, 706 Skagit (Skadjets, Skagats, Skagets, Skagots), 1, 521; 1v, 598; v, 701, 704; vi, 688, 701, 703. S’ke-tehl-mish, v, 703; v1, 703 Skihwamish (Skea-wa-mish, Skey- sehamish, Skeywhamish, Skey- whomish, Sky-wha-mish), 1, 521; Iv, 598; v, 701, 704; vi, 688, 701, 703 Skilloot (Caloait, Calooit), 1, 521; tm, 571, 609; vi, 701 Skitswish (Coeur d’Alenes, Cour d’Alenes, Cour d’Aliens, Skeetso- mish, Sketsomish, Skitmish), 11, 572, 609, 632; v, 490, 705, 706, 707; vi, 700, 701 Skokomish (Hokamish, Sko-sko- mish), Iv, 598; v, 701; v1, 687 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “YU, S. INDIAN TRIBES” 185 Population, by tribes—Continued Skomamish (Homamish, Homan- ish) pel vo2esevar, OL Skope-ah-mish, v, 703; v1, 703 Sk-tah-le-jum (Skuck-stan-a- jumps), Iv, 598; v, 704; vz, 703 Smackshop (Smakshop, Smocks- kop), 11, 570; v, 706 Sma-leh-hu, v, 704; vi, 703 Smulkamish (Smel-ka-mish), v, 703; v1, 703 Snake Indians (Snakes). See Sho- shoni. Snakes proper, v, 498 Sno-ho-mish (Sinaahamish, Sina- ~ hamish, Sinahemish, Sinahomish, Sinnamish), 1, 521; Iv, 598; v, 701. 704; vi, 688, 703 Snoqualmu (Snoqualamick, Sno- qual-a-muk, Snoqualimich, Sno- qualmick, Snoqualmook, 1, 521; Iv, 598; v, 704; vi, 689, 701, 703 Snoquamish, 1, 521; 1v, 598; v1, 689, 701 Sock-a-muke. See Sa-ku-me-hu. Socorro, v1, 689 Socorro, Pueblo de, 1, 519 Sokulk (Lokulk), m1, 570, 609; v, 706 Soledad, 1, 520 Sonoma Valley, 111, 634 Soshawnese or Snake Indians. See Shoshoni. Souriquois (Souriquois of St. John). See Micmac. Sowans, vi, 556, 689 Soyennow (Sagennom) band, 111, 570 Spokan (Larlielo, Lartielo, Spo- kanes, Sinhumanish), 1, 521; 111, 572, 609, 6382; v, 707; v1, 700 Spokanes, v, 490, 705, 706, 707; v1, 700, 701 Squalli-ah-mish, v1, 703. See Nis- qualli. Squa-na-mish, rv, 598 Squannaroos (Squam a cross), II, 572; v, 706 Squaxon (Quck-ena-mish, Quak- s’n-a-mish), Iv, 598; v, 703 ; vi, 703 Squaxon (Squaks’namish), v, 704 Squiatl (Squai-aitl), v, 703; v1, 703 Squi-na-mish, v, 704; v1, 703 186 Population, by tribes—Continued BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Sroo-tle-mam-ish, Iv, 598 Staitan (Marlain or Kite, Marlin or Kite), 111, 596, 609 Staktamish (Staktomish). Kwaiailk. Stehllums [Stehtlums], v, 491, 703 ; vi, 703 Stehtsasamich (Steh-cha-sa-mish, Stitcheo-saw-mish, Turn Water), Iv, 598; v, 703; vi, 703 Steila-coom-a-mish (Steilacoom- ish), v, 491, 703; vi, 703 Stilla-qua-mish (Stoluchwamish), Iv, 598; v, 491, 704; vr 703 St-ka-mish [Sekamish], v, 703; v1, 703 Stockbridges, 1, 488, 524; m1, 583; Iv, 572; v, 495; vi, 689, 705, 707 Stonington, m1, 583 Sualtine. See Atfalati. Suchamier. See Lakmiut. Sugwaundugahwininewug (Bois Forte bands, Thick Woodsmen), 11, 139; v1, 692 Suiaton and Wapaton Sioux, vi, 707 Sumopavi, I, 519 Suquamish (Soquamish), v, 703, 704; v1, 703 Suquamish and Toanda, v, 705 Susquehannocks. See Conestoga. Swo-da-mish, v, 704; vi, 703 Tacquimenon River Indians, 1, 458 Tacullies, 11, 28 Tahwaccarros others, vi, 708 Taitinapam (Tai-tin-a-pam, Taiti- napan, Tintinapain), v, 490, 703; vi, 703 Tanoquevi. See Hano. Taos, 111, 6338; v1, 689, 709 Taos, Pueblo de, 1, 519 Taos Utahs, vi, 697 Tawakoni (Tahwaccaros, Tah-wae- Carras, Tawacarros, Towacarros, Towoekonies), 11, 635; v, 712; vI, 689, 699, 705, 708 Taw-nu-nuk’s band, 1, 498 Tejon Reservations, v1, 715 Tenpenny Utahs. See Timpaia- vats. Tesuque, 111, 633; vi, 689, 709 See 700, [Tawakoni] and {Bull. 152 Population, by tribes—Continued Tetons (Tetans), I, 524; 111, 563; v, 494; vI, 556, 689 Texas, II, 635 Texas Indians, 1, 518, 523; v, 483 Texas tribes, southwestern, v, 702 Thick Woodsmen. See Sugwaun- dugahwininewug. Thlingehadinne (Dog Ribs), 0, 27 Tillamook (Hilleamuck, Kita- mukes, Killamucks), 1, 521; 10, 201, 571, 609, 682; v, 492; v1, 687, 701 Timpaiavats (Tenpenny Utahs), v1, 697 Tlakluit (Echeloot, Eskeloot, Tel- huemit, Tilhualwits, Tilhulhwit), Il, 570, 609; v, 706; v1, 702 Tlatskanai (Ciaskstar, Clataca- min, Clatsacamin, Clatsaconin), I, 521; m1, 570, 632; v1, 606, 687, 689, 701 Toanda and Suquamish, v, 705 See also Twana. Téanhooch, v, 491, 703; v1, 703 Tonawandas, v1, 689 Tonkawas (Toncahiras, Tonka- hinds) O18 “shes Osos mule 689, 708 Totonie bands (Tototen, Tototins). See Tututni. Towacarros [Tawakoni], Keechies, and Wacoes, vI, 705 T’qua-qua-mish, v, 703; vi, 703 Trinity Indians, m1, 634 Troy Indians, 11, 583 Tsillawadoot, 11, 28. See Htcheri- diegottine. Tuahno, 1, 521 Tuanoh, vy, 701 Tulareftos (Tula or Tulara), mI, 201 Tum Waters. See Clowwewalla. Turn Water. See Stehtsasamich. Tuscaroras, I, 444; 1, 583; Iv, 603, 604, 606; v, 504, 668; v1, 689, 705, 707, 714, 718 Tushepaw (Tushepah, Tushshe- pahs), 1, 572, 609; v, 706 Tuthkuthkutchin (Deagothee Loo- choo), 1, 28 Tututni (Totonic bands, Tototen, Tototins), v, 492, 493 ; v1, 689, 702 Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 187 Population, by tribes—Continued Population, by tribes—Continued Twana (Toanda, Toanhooch, Twanoh, Wood’s Canal, Tu-a- nooch, Tucanoh), Iv, 598; v, 491; v1, 689, 701, 703 Twightwees. See Miami. Uchees. See Yuchi. Uinta (Ewinte, Uwinty Utahs), v, 498 ; v1, 697 Ulseahs. See Alsea. Umatilla (Utillas), v, 493 Umpquas. See Kuitsh. Upper Chinooks, v, 703, 706 Upper Creeks, v, 483 Upper Platte Agency, v1, 718 Upper Qualla Towns, 1, 508 Upsarokas. See Crows. Utah Territory tribes, 1, 522; v, 498; vi, 705 Utchees. See Yuchi. Ute (Eutahs of New Mexico, Utah Indians, Utahs), 1, 519, 522; trv, 596; v, 484, 485, 498; v1, 689, 697, 705 Uwinty Utahs. See Uinta. Vancouvers. See Klikitat. Village of the Cross, 1, 478 Wachucknas. See Michopdo. Waco (Wacoes, Wacos, Waecoes, Whacoes), 1, 240, 518; 111, 635; v, 712; v1, 689, 699 and others, vi, 708 Keechies, and Towacarros, VI, 705 Wahkiacums, 11, 571, 609 Wahowpum (Wah how pum), m1, 570, 609; v, 706 Wahpetun (People of the Leaves), TI, 563 Waishkee’s Bay, 1, 458 Waitlatpu, v, 706 See also Cayuse. Wakanasisi (Wakanascecies), 1, 521 Walla wallas (Wallawollah, Wollah wollah, Wollawollah), 1, 521; 11, 507, 609, 632; v, 490, 493, 705, 706, 707; v1, 700, 701 Wandering tribes, v1, 705 Wappatoo. See Atfalati. Wasco (Wascopams, Wascopan, Wascopaws, Wascos), 1, 521; 1m, 632; v, 493; v1, 701 Washbashas. See Osage. 936706—54——_13 Washington Territory (Indians), v, 490-491, 703-707 Washington Territory tribes, vI, 689, 705 Watlala (Cascades), 111, 682; v, 490, 493, 705, 706; v1, 700, 701 Waulatpus. See Cayuse. Wayondotts [Huron] and others, v1, 714 Weas, I, 488, 524; 11, 585, 592, 609, GIO Iva Ota) Vin ore and others, v, 708; vi, 705 and Piankashaws, vI, 275 Wheelappas. See Willopah. Wheelpo. See Colville. Whistanatin. See Khwaishtunne- tunne Wiam (Wyampam), I, 521; vi, 702 Wichitas (Witchetaws, Witchitas), I, 518; 111, 635; v, 712; vi, 689, 705 and others, v1, 708 Wild mountain tribes, 1, 520 Willamette Indians, 1, 521; v1, 701 See also Clowewalla. Willetpos. See Cayuse. Willewah (Grande Ronde), 1m, 570; v, 706 Willopah (Wheelappas), m1, 632 Winnebago (Puans, Winnebagoes), I, 498; 111, 282-283, 562, 584, 593, 609, 610; IV, 228; v1, 271, 272, 689, 704, 705, 707 western Michigan (1812), v, 708 Wiyondotts and others, vi, 714 See also Huron. Wiyot (Wee-yot), 11, 127 Wolf Town, 1, 508 Wyampam. See Wiam. Wyandots. See Huron. Wyandots of Ohio and Michigan (1812), v, 708 Yacaws. See Makah. Yahach (Youitts), m1, 571 Yahshute. See Chemetunne. Yakima (Cutsahnim, Cutsanim, Yacaaws, Yacamas, Yackaws, Yackimas, Yakama, Yakamas), I, 521; 111, 572, 609, 632; v, 490, 705, 706, 707; v1, 700, 702 Yam Hill Indians, 1, 521; vz, 689, 701 188 BUREAU Population, by tribes—Continued Yampapas, vi, 697 Yankton (Ihbanktonwan, Yanc- tonas, Yanctons, Yanctonwas, Yanktons), 1, 249; 11, 563; v1, 556, 689 Yankton Sioux, v, 494 Yankton, Teton, and Cheyenne Sioux, vi, 707 Yanktonas [Yanktonai], v, 494 Yaquina (Youikcones), 11, 571 Yatasi (Yaltasse, Yattapo), 585, 596 Yeletpo band. See Cayuse. Yuchi (Uchees, Utchees), 1, 522; vi, 689 Yukichetunne (Huquachee, Yuqua- che), v, 493; v1, 702 Yuma (Umahs), 1, 519 Yumpatick-ara, 1, 522 Yupu (Yubas), vi, 710 Yutas, 1, 244, 245 Grande Uinta River, v1, 689 Southern, v1, 689 See also Ute. Zufii, 1, 519; 11, 6383; v, 484; vi, 689, 709 Population. See also Census; De- population; and under names of Missions, Reservations, States, Territories, and Tribal names. Population, United States, according to States, m, 607; 1v, 610 and statistics, 1, 483-437; v, 479- 486 white, New England in 1678, vi, 152 Porcupine Mountains, illustration show- ing, 1v, 187 Port Discovery Indians, population, v, 490; vi, 703 Port Discovery, tribe at, v1, 703 Port Orchard Indians, population, v, 705 Port Orford Agency, census report, vi, 702 Port Orford, tribes, v1, 702 Port Stuart Indians, v, 489 census, v, 489 language, v, 489 Port Townsend Indians, population, v, 491, 705 Port Townsend, tribe located at, v1, 703 III, OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Porter, P. B., m1, 282; vi, 376 information from, m1, 587-588, 590— 598 Poscopsahe, a Mandan chief, m1, 249 Posey, Col., charge against Creeks, VI, | 319 Potanon, v1, 74 Potato, brief history, v1, 617 reference to discovery, vI, 562 wild, of the Navajo, tv, 212 used by Bonaks, Iv, 222 See also Dacotah potato. Potawatamies. See Potawatomies. Potawatomies (Pattawatimas, Potawa- tamies, Potowatomies, Pottawa- tamies, Pottawatomies, Pottawat- | tamies, Pottawattomies, Potta- wottomies, Pottowattomies), mm, 277, 278; vi, 237, 452 alliance with Menomonie, 1, 304 annuities, m, 587, 588, 589 appropriations for, m, 564 armistice granted to, vi, 364 at Braddock’s defeat, v1, 217, 218 brief account of, 11, 560 census, m1, 621-628 Chicago garrison massacred by, vi, 359 chief, v1, 386 classification, 11, 36; 111, 401 cranial capacity, v, 244 measurements, 1, 335 creation myth, 1, 320 Detroit, warriors, vr, 271 fiscal statistics relating to, v1, 720, (Pil, (PTR funds required for, m, 572-573 general condition, Iv, 466-467; v1, 547-548 Huron, census of, 1, 488-497 - location, vi, 705 population, v1, 692, 705 statistics, v1, 721, 723 Indiana, treaty with, v, 499 investments for, 11, 561 lands, Iv, 572 ceded by, 11, 602, 603, 604; v1, 393-395, 445, 505 claimed, 11, 584 disposal of, v1, 554 purchased from, 1, 593, 595, 598, 599, 600, 601 statistics on, 0, 605, 606 Nichols] Potawatomies—Continued league with other tribes, vi, 485 letters from country of, 1, 157-158 location, I, 584, 591; Iv, 461; v, 495; v1, 33, 275, 385, 705 maps showing, 111, 96; Iv, 180; vI, 519 members of Pontiac’s Confederacy, Ir, 242, 307; vi, 243 missionary work among, v, 699; v1, 734, 735, 738, T40 name, meaning of, 1, 308; v, 40, 145 synonomy, v, 41, 192 not an independent tribe, v, 40 peace sought by, vi, 343 picture writing, I, 338 population, I, 523; m1, 584, 591, 610; Iv, 572; v, 495, 708; vi, 271, 272, 275, 688, 692, 693, 707 Prairie, population, v1, 693 treaty with, v, 499 religious beliefs, 1, 320 removal, tv, 485; v, 495; vi, 497, 505-506, 516 St. Joseph, population, vi, 693 warriors, v1, 271 Strolling, population, v1, 707 tin in country, 1, 157-158 treaties with, v, 499; vi, 255, 330, 834, 380, 421, 458 Wabash, population, v1, 693 treaty with, v, 499 warriors, estimate of, 111, 560; VI, 271 West, census of, 1, 488-497 westward movement, v, 192; vI, 488 See also Pauteauamis; Pedadu- mies; Po-da-wand-um-ee; Poux; Powtawatamis; Putawatimes. Potawatomi language. See Pottawa- tomie language. Potico, Mr., Hurons guided by, m1, 242 Potier, Father, 11, 266 mediations, 0, 264 Potoashs, location, m1, 571 population, 11, 571 Potomac River region Indians, v, 35-36 Potomac tribes, amulet worn by, I, 94 artifacts, illustrated, 1, 80 Potosi, mentioned, Iv, 278, 279, 322, 324 Potowatomies. See Potawatomies. Po-to-yan-te tribe, origin myth, rv, 224— 225 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 189 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Pots, basketry, 1, 211 stone, I, 211 See also Pottery. Potsherds, illustration, v1, 630 villages located by, 111, 76 Pottawatamies, Pottawatomies, Potta- wattamies, Pottawattomies, Pot- tawottomies, Pottowattomies. See Potawatomies. Pottawatomie (Pottawattomie) lan- guage, a distinct dialect, m, 358 Algonquin dialect, 11, 341, 358 list of publications in, Iv, 539 Pottawattamie, Kanzas, mission at, v, 503 Potter, occupation of, 1, 81 Potter, Mr., cited on Pennacooks, vy, 217 Potter’s wheel, antiquity, Iv, 139 discovered in Georgia, 11, 79 lack of evidence of, v1, 611 Pottery, 1, 81-82; 11, 84 aboriginal, brief account, rv, 663 aboriginal periods indicated by, rv, 189-140 Algonquin, 1, 81-82 ancient, quality, rv, 140 antique, mm, 75-82 Aztec, vI, 589 Mexican, vi, 580, 588-589 area covered by fragments, Iv, 140 Casa Grande, 111, 300, 302, 305 ceremonial, from Florida, 1, 94 coiled, Creek, v, 692 Congaree, description, Iv, 161-168 connection with corn, 1, 61 cooking pot or akeek, 1, 81 decline in use, Iv, 122 Florida, 11, 79-80 ceremonial, 1, 94 coasts of, m1, 75-82 illustrations, 11, 80 quality, 1m, 82 from burials, 1, 84 from coast of Georgia, 111, 75-82 from South Carolina, 11, 89 from the Gila, illustrated, vi, 69 lack of glazing in, rv, 189-140 Lake Superior, quality, 111, 82 making of, by women, 1, 81 Mexican and Peruvian hand-made, Iv, 139 migration traced by, m1, 76 Moquis, m1, 299 190 Pottery—Continued mortuary, 1, 838-84; 1v, 161 illustrated, 1, 85 Peruvian, described, Iv, 438 Pueblo, illustrated, rv, 435 two eras shown in, Iv, 485 punctured when buried, 1, 84 ; 10, 77 Rio Gila, described, m1, 83-85 illustrated, m1, 83 rude ancient, found in Missouri, 111, 274-275 See also Pots. Pottowattomies. See Potawatomies. Poughkeepsie, ancient name of, 111, 530 derivation of name, Iv, 379 Poux (Pous), a name for the Pottawat- tomies, v, 41, 192 at the siege of Detroit, 11, 242, 243, 247, 248, 252, 258, 259, 274, 275, 279, 281, 283, 298, 295, 296, 297, 301, 302 great council at village of, 11, 248 See also Potawatomies. Powel, Col., garrison commanded by, at Niagara, 01, 334 Powhatan (Powhattan), 1, 72; m1, 57; Iv, 613 character, v1, 97, 98 death, vi, 744 policy toward settlers, v1, 97 real position, Iv, 481 wars of brothers, v1, 89 Powhatan Confederacy, estimated popu- lation, v, 36 location of tribes, v1, 83 See also Powhatanic tribes. Powhatan Indians (Powhattans, Pow- hattanese), v, 122 classification, m, 401 dress of women, II, 65 reference to language, I, 36; 111, 96 Powhatanic tribes, account of, vI, 85-88 confederacy, VI, 83 extinction, v, 481 See also Powhatan Confederacy. Powhattanese, Powhattans. See Pow- hatan Indians. Powrys of Brazil, stature, 1, 318 Powtewatamis, country occupied, 10, 559 warriors, estimate of, 11, 556, 559 See also Potawatomi. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Pow-wows, hunting charms, v, 76 name of Algonquin priests, v1, 109 use of charmed medicines, v, 76 Prairie du Chien, treaty made at, VI. 421-422 Prairie fires, effect, 1, 270; 1, 128, 178 Prairie Indians, a name for the Kicka- poos and Miscotins, v, 41 Prairie Minnetarees, mentioned, vi, 68¢ Prairie tribes, color, vi, 573 customs, 1, 70, 71 physical powers, 111, 213 Pratt, Senator, of Maryland, Indian legislation discussed by, v, 469, 470471 Prayer, Caddo form of, v, 685 nature of, among Indians, m1, 226, 237 See also Lord’s Prayer. Prayer-stick, use of the term, I, 355 Praying Indians, community, v, 225 first settlement, vi, 107 origin of name, vI, 152 Presbyterian Board of Foreign Mis- sions, mentioned, m1, 256, 259 Presbyterian Church, missions estab- lished, v, 502; vi, 739 plea for aid to mission, v1, 548 work among Choctaws, VI, 524 Prescott, Miss, Iv, 511 Prescott, P., Sioux census revised by, v, 701-702 Prescott, Philander, Dacotahs discussed by, 1, 168-199; 111, 225-246; Iv, 59-72 qualifications, 1, 168 sacrifice described by, tv, 51 vocabulary by, 11, 206 Presque Isle, battle at, with Indians, v1, 340 capture of, 1, 286 change of garrison, v1, 344 Washington’s mission to, vI, 213— 214 Press made of basketry, described, Iv, 445-446 Pretty Woman Town, census of, 1, 508- 517 Prideaux, Gen., Niagara besieged by, VI, 234 Priesthood, Spanish, fraud practiced by, v, 93 Nichols] Priests or jugglers, fear of, 11, 196 functions, Iv, 640 harm done by, Iv, 637 office of, among the Dacotas, 1, 198-199 power, I, 184 status among Creeks, I, 277 See also Medicine-man; Prophet. Priest’s Rapids, population, v, 706 Primary Band of Sault Ste. Marie, census of, 1, 458-467 “Prince,” Indian, use of title by early writers, m1, 41 Pring, Capt., mention of voyage of, VI, 96 Pringle, John, illustration Showing hair of, 111, 377 Printed Hearts. See Conerd Helene. Prior, Indian population estimated by, v, 484 Prisoners. See Captives. Pritchard, cited, v1, 614 Proctor, Col. Thomas, peace mission of, v, 668 Proctor, Gen., at battle of the Thames, VI, 357 flight from Amhertsburg, vt, 363 pursuit and defeat of, v1, 363 Propagation of Christian knowledge, Hon. Society in Scotland for, work of, vi, 734, 735, 736 Property, buried with the dead, 1, 355; 1, 68 descent of, among the Dacotas, 1, 194 offerings of, v, 168-169 Property rights, California and Oregon Indians, 1, 210 Comanches, I, 232 Creeks, 1, 282-283 Dacotas, 11, 193-194 lack of interest in, 1, 207 Prophet, The. See Elskatawa. Prophets, activities, rv, 495 Chippewa, v, 189 office of, 1, 359, 888-389, 414 rise to power, 1, 114 secret society of, v, 71 See also Jossakeed. Prostitution, punishment for, v, 654 Protestant Episcopal Board of Missions, work among Indians, v, 502 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 191 Protestant Episcopal Church of the U. S., missions, v1, 737 Puallis (Pualli-paw-mish) Indians, lan- guage, Iv, 600 location, Iv, 598 population, Iv, 598 See also Puyallupamish. Puan Bay, tribes living about, vi, 714 Puanis (Puants) French names for Winnebagoes, mI, 277; vi, 271 Puans (Puants), m, 556 country occupied, m1, 559 population, vi, 272 totems, m1, 556 warriors, estimate of, m1, 556, 559 See also Winnebagoes. Puaray. See Tigouex. Puberty customs, vi, 633-634, 664 Chippewa, I, 391 fasts, object of, v, 196 Ojibwa, 1, 188 Puberty dance, of California tribes, v, 215 Publie lands, statements regarding, 0, 590-592 Public square. See Squares. Puckagama, Falls of, named by the Chippewas, I, 142 Puebla, State of, antiquities, v1, 582 Pueblo Indians, v1, 688 burial customs, rv, 78 called “civilized tribes,” 1, 245 costumes, Iv, 76-77 country occupied, vi, 705 domestie arts, Iv, 76 dwellings, tv, 76, 82 feature of vocabulary, m1, 406 government, Iv, 76 higher civilization, Iv, 216 languages, v, 689 map showing location, u, 28 missionary work among, v, 503; VI, 734, 740 numeration, mm, 457-459 population, 1, 519; m1, 633; v, 484; vi, 688, 705, 709 recommendations concerning, 1, 556 revolt against Spaniards, v, 206 settlements, Iv, 216 spinning and weaving, illustrated, vi, 71 supposed origin, tv, 77 weaving, illustrated, Iv, 486; v1, 71 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 192 Pueblo (Tusuque, Zuni) language, nu- merals of, Iv, 429-431 vocabulary, m1, 446-459 Pugasainjigun, mentioned, v, 185 Puget Sound Indians, and Chihalis, population, v, 705 census, v, 704 description, 1v, 600-601 list of, IV, 598 population, v, 484 report on, Iv, 598-602 Pujari, an upper California language, 111, 402 Pulairih, listed as a linguistic family, 111, 402 Puncahs. Sée Puncas. Puncapaugs, affiliations, v1, 150 Puneas (Puneahs), classification, 11, 402 lands, Iv, 573 population, 1v, 573 See also Poncas. Punishment, among Comanches, 11, 130, 132 among Creeks, I, 276; v, 281-282 among Navajoes, tv, 211 among Oregon Indians, v, 653 attitude toward certain forms of, Iv, 482 capital, among Creeks, 1, 276 double, discussion, Iv, 471 for depredations, discussed, 1v, 474 for murder, I, 277 of children, 11, 196; v, 273-274 See also Retaliation; Vengeance. Punkapog, Indians at, 1, 287 Purchas, extract from writings, Iv, 454 Purification, necessary for ceremonies, v, 170 rites, v, 428-424 Puritans, arrival in America, vi, 178 See also Pilgrims. Pushmataha, a Choctaw district, Iv, 582 Putawatimes (Putawatimies), dwelling grounds, vi, 714 hunting grounds, vi, 714 missionary labors among, vy, 698 population, vi, 714 = warriors, estimate of, 111, 556 See also Potawatomies. Putnam, Gen., v1, 602 Putnam, Gen. Rufus, tv, 131 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Puyallup. See Puallis; Puyallupamish. Puyallup River, Indians on, v1, 703 Puyallupamish (Pugallipamish, Puyal- lopamish), brief account of, v, 701 census, v, 704 location, v, 491, 703; v1, 703 population, v, 491, 703; v1, 703 See also Puallis. Pyankeshaws and _ others, grounds, vi, 714 hunting grounds, vi, 714 population, vi, 714 See also Piankashaws. Pyesa, father of Black Hawk, vt, 447 Pygmies, 11, 318 conclusion concerning, 11, 319 Pyramids, American form, v, 29 of Mexico, v1, 583-584 probable development, 1, 342 Pyrlaeus, missionary, v, 680 Q Qiquate, reached by De Soto, vi, 66 Qpquive. See Opquive. Quack-ena-mish, location, rv, 598 population, rv, 598 Quacolth, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census v, 488 Quacolth language, tribes speaking, v, 488 Quaghtagies, reference to, vi, 252 Quahtoma (Quahtomah, Quakouwahs, Quatomah, Quatouwahs), census of, v, 492 location, v1, 702 maps showing, 1, 96, 200 population, vi, 702 See also Saquaacha. Qua i nu, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 Quaitso. See Quieetsos. Quakouwabhs. See Quahtoma. Quak-s’n-a-mish. See Quash-sua-mish. Qualla Towns, Upper, census of, 1, 508— 517 Qualliamish (Quallyamish) vz, 688 population, 1, 521; vi, 688 See also Nisqually ; Squalliamish. Quallyamish. See Qualliamish. dwelling Nichols} INDEX TO Qua ne, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 Quapas. See Quapaws. Quapaws (Quapas, Quappas, Quppas), VI, 423, 522 affiliations, rv, 550 allies of the French, v1, 237 and Senecas, acres owned, vi, 519 annuities, 11, 585 attacked by De Soto, 111, 48 census, I, 498-507 classification, 111, 402; rv, 321 condition after removal, vi, 538 general, Iv, 472 descendants of Rapahas, ry, 591 De Soto in the range of, 11, 35 encountered by De Soto, 11, 37 funds required for, 11, 5738 indigenous to Kansas, v, 495; v1, 536 in the Dacota group, 1, 37 intrusion on territory of, 1v, 485 Kapahas identical with, tv, 310 lands, Iv, 574 acquired, v1, 480 ceded, 1, 604 claims sold, 11, 585 granted permanently to, v, 457 purchased from, 11, 595, 598, 599, 600 relinquished by, v1, 455 statistics on, 11, 606 linguistie affinities, 1, 248 location, 1, 498 ; 111, 585, 594; rv, 461; v, 495; vi, 705 maps showing, 111, 96; Iv, 180; vi, 519 migration tradition, vy, 98 of Siouan stock, 1, 197 opposition to schools, tv, 478 population, 1, 523; m1, 585, 594, 609, 610; rv, 574; v, 495, 702; v1, 688 705 removal, v1, 516 condition after, v1, 538 report on condition of, rv, 591-592 treaty with, v, 499; v1, 410, 458, 461 See also Arkansas; Kapahas. Quappas. See Quapaws. Quarrelers or Loo-choos (Loucheux), classification, 111, 401; v, 172 language, 11, 27; 11, 542 SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. §. INDIAN TRIBES” 193 Quarries, Indian, pipe material, Iv, 142- 143 See also Mines. Quartz, mill for grinding, v, 112 Quash-sua-mish (Quak-s’n-a-mish), lan- guage, Iv, 600 location, v, 703; v1, 703 population, v, 703; vi, 703 See also Squahsinawmish. Quas sad harjo, a Creek chief, Iv, 576 Quathlapohtle, location, 111, 571 population, 11, 571 Quatomah. See Quahtoma. Quatouwahs. See Quahtoma. Quat si nu, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 489 census, v, 489 Quebec, origin of name, v, 40; vi, 235- 236 , Quee ah, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Quee he Qna colt, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 Queen Catharine. arine. Queen Charlotte’s Islands, census of Indians, v, 489 language, v, 489 tribes, v, 689 Queen Charlotte Sound, census of tribes, v, 488-489 Indian names of tribes, v, 488-489 language of tribes, v, 488 tribes, v, 488-489 Queen Esther, an account of, v, 671-672 confused with Catharine Montour, v, 670, 671, 672 death, v, 673 Queniolts (Quenoil), Chinooks, v1, 686 population, 1, 521 Quenoil. See Queniolts. Querchos. See Querechos. Querechos (Querchos, Querehos), v1, 72 encountered by Coronado’s expedi- tion, Iv, 36 map showing location of, 1v, 39 met by Coronado, tv, 30 nomadic life, tv, 30 probable identity, rv, 30, 35 Querehos. See Querechos. See Montour, Cath- included with 194 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Quesada, Don Juan de, Governor of St.| Quipana (Quipano), a name for the Augustine, y, 261 Quetzalcoatl, 1, 13, 18, 19, 22; v, 102 benign influence, v, 105 derivation of name, v, 105 Mexican empire begun under, I, not Aztec, but Toltec, 1, 21 worship of, v1, 640-641 Que-we-san-sish, II, 165 Qui a han less, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 Quick sut i nut, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 Quieetsos, location, 111, 571 population, m1, 571 Quie ha Ne cub ta, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 Dine halt Quigalta. See Chigantalgi; Quigual- tangi. Quigaltangi (Quigualtanji), fire-wor- ship practiced, rv, 123 identity, m1, 49; v, 63 sun worship, v, 63 Quigaute. See Quiguate. Quigualtanji. See Quigualtangi. Quiguate, a village on De Soto’s march, m1, 50 departure of De Soto from, tv, 320, BPAl Quilleoueoquas (Quillequaquas), map showing location, 111, 200 population, m1, 632 See also Ouillequegaws. Quimare mission, Barcelona Province, Iv, 556 Quinaielt. See Calasthocle; Queniolts; Quinaitle. Quinaitle (Quinailee, Quinilts), loca- tion, m1, 571; v, 490, 703; v1, 703 population, 111, 571; v, 490, 703; vz, 703 Quinalee. See Quinaitle. Quiniilts. See Quinaitle. Quinipiac, cranial measurements, m1, 335 Quinnechart nation, location, m, 571 population, m, 571 Quinney, John, translation by, rv, 539 Quinnipiac. See Quinipiac. Pawnee, 11, 50 De Soto in country of, v1, 67 identified as Pawnees, tv, 310 See also Pawnee. Quires (Quirix) province, identification, Iv, 39 map showing location, tv, 39 party sent to, Iv, 29 pueblos composing, tv, 35 Quivera (Gran Quivera; Grand Qui- vera), v, 107 expedition to, rv, 28-31 location, Iv, 30, 37 ruins, Iv, 387; v, 208 Quivers, illustrations, m1, 69 materials used for, m1, 69 Quoratem, m1, 147 population, nt, 151 Quoratem language, extent of, m1, 151 Quppas. See Quapaws. R Rabbit, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Rabbit feast, a religious ceremonial, Iv, 78 Rabbit hunt, community, rv, 78 Races of mankind, classification, Iv, 355-357 variations in, Iv, 860-365 See also Mankind. Racing. See Runners. Rafn, Mr. (Professor), 1, 107 inscription identified by, v1, 610 Rafts, made of bulrushes, m1, 218 made of tulé, m1, 107 Shoshonee, described, 1, 214 See also Balza. Railroad expedition, progress, rv, 181 Rain, belief concerning, rv, 91 dance for, Moqui, tv, 83-85 Rainy Lake, tribes on, v1, 33 Rakawana, use of the term, 11, 62 Raleigh, Sir Walter, 1, 22 expedition organized by, vi, 82-84 tobacco introduced by, into Eng- land, 1, 72; v, 65 trial and death, vi, 95 Ramsey, Gov., peace preserved by, 0, 548 Nichols] Rand, Rev. S. T., Lord’s Prayer by, in Milicete language, v, 592 Micmac vocabulary, v, 578 vocabulary of numerals, v, 691 Rank, among tribes, m1, 170; v, 136 See also Caste. Rappahannock, discussion of name, VI, 177 Raritans, a division of the Lenno Lena- pees, vi, 147 Raseally. See Rogues. “Rascals,” a name for the Crows, VI, 686 Rask, Prof., v, 34 Rasle, Sebastian, v1, 156, 734 death, v1, 175 work among Abinakies, v1, 174-175 Rasselman, Ludwig, Iv, 341 Rastra, or quartz mill, recovery of, v, 112 Rattles, description, Iv, 71 illustrations, 1, 514 used at dances, Iv, 74 used in curing the sick, 1m, 179, 180 Rattlesnake, belief concerning, Iv, 238 Rauch, Christian Henry, missionary work of, v, 680-681 Raumbault, Charles, explorations, Vv, 647 Rawlinson, Maj. H. C., mention of work, I, 428 Ray, Capt., 1, 25 Réaume, J., m1, 366, 367 Recollects (or Reformed Franciscans) missionary work, vi, 734 Recollect Rapids, naming of, v1, 648 Recording, Indian method of, m1, 222- 228 See also Inscriptions. Red and Missouri Rivers, Indian lands between, v, 501 Red Cap, an Oppegach chief, described, 1, 149 Red-headed Magician, story of, 1, 323 Red Jacket, m1, 22, 57; 1v, 345, 563; v, 411; vi, 647 at Canandaigua council, v1, 326 information furnished by, v, 669 oratory of, m1, 198; v, 518 portrait of, 111, 198; v1, 377 reference to speech, v, 667 reminiscences of, v, 669 stature, Iv, 350 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “ U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 195 Redman and Case, I, 173 Red River, tribes on, vi, 556 Red Rock, aims of mission at, v, 697 Red Sticks, use of term, vI, 376 Red Stone Old Fort, account, 111, 340 Red towns, Creek, governed by war- riors, v, 279 Redwing’s band (Red Wing band), a Medawakanton band, 11, 613 listed as one of Seven Fires, of, 169 Red Wing’s Village, census of, I, 498— 507 missionaries at, v, 697 Redwood forest, described, m1, 124 Rees. See Aricaree; Ricarees. Rees, James R., communication by, 11, 97 specimens from, vy, 668 Rees, Thomas, reference to, v, 668 Rehoboth, R. I., burned by Indians, v1, 164 Reindeer, value to the Indian, 1, 188 Reincarnation, belief in, m, 113 of medicine-men, Iv, 646 Rek-qua, a Klamath River tribe, 111, 634 a village on Klamath River, 11, 188 Rekwoi. See Rek-qua. Relationship, degrees of, among Daco- tah, m1, 234 strength of ties, m1, 210 terms, 1, 265, 268; 11, 50; m1, 360 Religion, connection of mounds with, I, 61-62, 72 defense of, Iv, 689-640 Hindu, discussed, 1, 86, 37; v, 57-58 Indian, likened to Oriental, v, 30-31 influence of, on Indian, v, 182 lack of, among Yumas, 0, 117 of New England Indians, v1, 105-108 of North American tribes, 1, 15-16, 31-32, 34-85, 38, 412-418; 1, 635-651; v, 70-79, 401-411; v1, 592-594, 626-630 secrecy regarding, v, 178, 401 Toltec, compared with northern tribes, 1, 72 use of natural features in, 1, 50 worship of elements 1, 38, 72 See also Fire Worship; Mythology ; Religious beliefs ; Religious rites ; Sun Worship. 196 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Religious beliefs, acts of worship based | Renville, Joseph, Sr., work, Iv, 548, 549 on, v, 393 Algonquins, I, 72 Athapascans, v, 178 California Indians, 1v, 407 Clear Lake Indians, 111, 107-108 Comanches I, 237; m1, 127; v, 684— 685 Creeks, v, 269-270 Dacotas, 11, 197-198; 111, 225-231 difficulties in investigation of, Vv, 401-402 Mandans, 11, 248 Massachusetts Indians, 1, 286 Mississippi Valley tribes, v1, 647- 657 Moquis, Iv, 85 Ojibwas, 11, 1385-136 Virginia Indians, v1, 106 See also Beliefs; Deity ; Gods; Im- mortality; Reincarnation; Reli- gion; Resurrection; Sacred fire; Soul; Spirits; Transmigration. Religious rites, Algonquin, 1, 72 Ojibwa, u, 188 See also Ceremonies; Dances; Sac- rifice. Remains, ancient animal, on the Co- lumbia, I, 221 archeological, in South Carolina, 11, 88-89 fossil, of the American race, 1, 319-320 human, with extinct animal, 1, 319 See also Antiquities; Mounds; Ossuaries ; Ruins. Remedies. See Medical practices. Removal of tribes, Act authorizing, v1, 430-431 advantages of, v1, 482-436 character of land used, v1, 426 conditions after, vi, 516, 554-558 conditions prior to, vi, 518 consummation of, vi, 482-485 difficulties with southern tribes, v1, 466 discussion of question, vr, 406-425, 437-446 plans for, 111, 573-580; 1v, 259-260; v, 450-451; vr, 406-415 Shawnee attitude toward, rv, 260 See also Colonization of tribes; Colonized tribes. Renville, Mr., Dakotah translations made by, v, 696 Renwick, Prof., tv, 138 Reproduction, causes affecting, v1, 564— 567 See also Birthrate. Reservations, difficulties in selection, mI, 167, 171-172 discussion of policy regarding, v1, 458-459 Eel River, selection, 111, 130 emigration through, Iv, 468 for tribes of Shasté language, tr, 171 in New York, census of, vi, 690 Iroquois, described, m1, 588-542 Iroquois placed on, vI, 325 on Klamath River, treaty concern- ing, II, 145 plans for, on Trinity River, 11, 151 suggestions regarding, Iv, 185 See also Colonization of tribes. Reserves, Indian, legislation concern- ing, in New Brunswick, v, 678— 680 Restegauche, a Micmac settlement, v, 677 Resurrection of the dead, belief in, v, 104 See also Immortality. Retaliation, among the Dacota, 1, 197 law of, 11, 184-185 practice of, 1, 262-263 See also Punishment; Vengeance. Revenge, among the Sioux, 1, 171 story illustrating, m1, 246 Revolution, American, history of tribes during, vi, 274-319 Reynards, a synonym of Foxes, v, 41; v1, 688 Rhagenratka (Rhagenuatka), a name for the Neutral Nation (Neu- ters), Iv, 204, 208 Rhode Island, former name, v1, 125 Indian lands in, 1m, 583, 586; v, 480 Indian population, m1, 583, 586; v, 480 Narragansett name for, 111, 532 population and area, Iv, 610 sale of, by Narragansetts, v1, 125 Revenge; Nichols] Rhyme, lack of appreciation of, 11, 455 Ribault, John, death, vi, 77, 744 Fort Charles built by, v1, 743 second voyage, vI, 76-77, 744 voyage, VI, 738-74 Ricarees (Rickarees, Rees), measurements, I, 335 population, vi, 688 shape of skulls, 0, 317 See also Aricaree. Rice. See Wild rice. Rice Lake region, Indians, v, 145 Richardville, John B., English name of Peshkewah, v, 528 Richibucto Indians, land granted to, v, 678 warlike nature, v, 677 Rickarees. See Ricarees. Ridge, John, reference to murder of, VI, 513 Ridge, Maj., v1, 467 Cherokee party headed by, v1, 467, 475, 476 Ridges, father and son, murder of, VI, 500, 501 Riggs, Geo. W., acknowledgment to, II, 21 Riggs, Rev. 8S. R., Dakotah education discussed by, v, 695-697 work, Iv, 547, 548 Rights, tribal, attitude concerning, v1, 523 Riley, James, song translated by, 111, 329 Riley, John, arrest, Iv, 593 Rio Mimbres, Apaches in valley of, v, 206 Rising-sun men, Chippewyan name for themselves, mI, 542 River Indians. See Messesagues. River Raisin, massacre, vi, 356, 362 Riviéres, Mlle. des, 11, 278 Roach, T. J., 11, 161 explorations, m1, 155 Roanoke, colony established, v1, 90, 92 explanation of name, vI, 83 Roanoke River, Indian tale concerning, vi, 90 Robbers, name given to Chippewas of Leech Lake, v, 191 Robe trade, reference to, 1, 223 Roberdeau, I., letter on Indian lands, Imr, 582 cranial INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 197 Robért, member of expedition, m1, 353 Roberval, M. de, arrival in New France, v, 646 Robins, Capt., theft perpetrated by, v, 276 Robinson, Capt., m1, 369 commandant at Michilimackinac, VI, 256 Robinson, Chas. A., m1, 130 Robinson, J. C., report on the Chicka- saws, Iv, 587 school conducted by, v, 694 Robinson, Mr., 11, 129 Roche, Marquis de la, explorations, v, 646 Rocheblave, fall of garrison under com- mand of, vi, 302 Rock-fort, a natural formation, tv, 127 Rock Island, population, v, 707; v1, 700 Rock Island treaty, benefit, m1, 281 Rock Island tribe, population, m1, 632 Rock River, Indians on, yi, 385 Rock River Valley, cession by Sacs and Foxes, vi, 448 Indian hostilities, v1, 450-451 Rock sculptures at Independence, Ohio, v, 118-114; vi, 604 Rockwell, Porter, treachery tuward In- dians, v, 201 Rockwood, Gilbert, report on missions, v, 700 Rock-writing, history recorded by, I, 405-406 See also Inscriptions ; Petroglyphs; Pictographs. Rocky Mountain Indians of Peace River, classification, m1, 542 Rocky Mountain tribes, discussion of, I, 204-228; 259-264 Rocky Mountains, description of pass, Vv, 574 myth of the formation, v1, 670 tribes, v, 197; v1, 34, 556 Rodd, D., translation by, Iv, 533 Rodgers, Capt., French expelled by, from banks of the St. John, v, 675 mention of activities, vI, 237 Rodgers, Louis, tradition related by, tv, 254, 256 Rodgers, sutler at Fort King, attack on dwelling of, v1, 471 death, vi, 471 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 198 Rogers, Major, u, 241; v1, 241, 257 at siege of Detroit, m, 304, 305 attack on, by Shawnees, vi, 312 death, vi, 312 Rogue River Indians, apparent origin, v, 493; vi, 702 called Shasta, m1, 632 census, v, 493; vi, 702 location, v, 493 origin of name, vi, 702 report on condition, v1, 625 Rogues or Rascally, location, m1, 201 population, mr, 201 Roldan, reference to followers, m, 311 Roman Catholic Church, missionary work, v, 502, 503; vi, 734, 735 See also Jesuits; Missions. Rome, N. Y., origin of name, v1, 291 Ro-mo-nans, a Dolores Mission tribe, 11, 506 Root-Diggers, vi, 34 application of name, rv, 221 classification, v, 197 location, v, 493 population, v, 493 Shoshonee, described, 1, 213 synonym of Bonaks, tv, 221; v1, 34 See also Bonaks. Root Eaters, a Shoshonee division, 1, 198 territory occupied, 1, 198 Roots, ceremonial use by warriors, v, 71 digging of, for food, rv, 221, 223 See also Medicinal plants. Roque-choh, a band of Bald Hill In- dians, m1, 139 Rosetta stone, 1, 108 Ross, John, Chief, v1, 466 accusations against, v1, 501-502 agreement made by, vi, 475 Cherokee removal superintended by, vi, 493 Ross, Lewis, plea at Washington, v1, 502 Ross, trader, reference to marriage, v1, 345 Round dance, object, iv, 63 Round Heads. See Tetes de Boule. Route to Oregon, 1, 223-226 line of, 1, 224 posts proposed on, 1, 225 Rowe, Maj. Theodore F., m1, 161 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (Bull. 152 Rowls, chief of Newichawanack, v, 228 Rudiger, Prof., reference to works, 11, 356 Ruggles, Charles H., petition signed by, 111, 618 Ruins, Casa Grande and vicinity, m1, 299-3038, 304 described by Father Keller, m1, 305 of mines, significance, 1, 71 of the Pecos valley, v, 112 of tower at Newport, tv, 150-155 illustrated, 1, 124 of tower in Grave Creek Area, 1, 123 theories based on, 1, 36 See also Antiquities. Runnawit, chief of Pawtucket, v, 228 Runners, Pueblo, speed of, rv, 78 Ruschenberger, Dr., Peruvian ceme- teries visited by, 11, 329 Rush Creek, Indians, v, 712 Rusk, Senator, of Texas, Indian legis- lation discussed by, v, 462, 468- 469 Russian River, brief description, m1, 115 Russian River Indians, population, m1, 634; vi, 711 Rutchogah, signer of treaty, v1, 144 Rutherford, trader, reference to mar- riage, v1, 345 Ryswick, mention of peace of, vi, 188, 190 Ss Sdaptin River, Nez Percés’ name for Snake River, 1, 226 See also Snake River. Sdaptins. See Sahaptins. Sabassas Indians, v, 487 census, V, 487 Indian names of divisions, v, 487 language spoken, v, 487 location, v, 487 Sac and Fox. See Sacs and Foxes. Sac and Fox Agency, tribes embraced, Iv, 467 Sacharite, member of expedition, Im, 353 Sachem, use of term, II, 62 See also Sachemess. Sachemess, Uchees ruled by, ut, 40-41 See also Chief. Sachem’s Head, origin of name, v1, 122 Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 199 Sachem’s Plain, story of name, v1, 127 | Saces—Continued Sackanoir, population, v1, 701 and Iowas, at missions, v, 698 Sacos, derivation of name, v, 223 annuities, m, 585 location, v, 223 country occupied, 1, 267, 593 members of Pennacook Confed- map showing location, rv, 180; v1, eracy, V, 223 519 See also Sokokies. missionary work among, v1, 739 Sacramento Indians, location, mI, 201 population, 111, 259, 593, 609 population, m1, 201 relations with the Iowas, m1, 267 Sacramento Mountains, range of the treaty concluded, vi, 330, 334, 380, Jicarillas, v, 206, 208 421 Sacramento River, fall of, 1, 153 See also Sacs and Foxes; Sauks; vocabulary from, rv, 414-415 Sauks and Foxes. Sacramento Valley, gold deposits in, 1, | Sacs and Foxes, 111, 277; v, 495; v1, 687 153 alliance with Menomonie, 1, 304 Sacramento Valley Indians, description, appropriations for, m, 564 vi, 710 battle with Ojibwas, illustrated, 1, population, v1, 688, 710 142 Sacred fire. See Fire, sacred. census, I, 488-497; m1, 621-628 Sacrifice, among the Dacotas, n, 196, 197 classification, v, 145 gladiatorial, Aztec, v1, 586 depredations, Iv, 468 human, absence of, v, 393-394 flight from lower Michigan, m1, 278 among Aztecs, v, 77; vi, 585, funds required for, 11, 574 586-587, 594 general condition, Iv, 466, 467; v1, among Pawnee, Iv, 50; v, 77-78 550-551 ease of, m, 198 included in Algonquin group, m1, 36 connected with corn planting, lands, ceded by, 11, 604; v1, 488 vI, 495-496 conveyed permanently to, v, 457 custom, 11, 145 occupied, vi, 414 in Sun worship, v, 103 purchased from, m1, 594, 598, object, Iv, 51 599, 600, 601 Indian form, tv, 637 statistics on, 11, 606 objects used for, 1, 49 location, 1, 53, 488; m1, 581; 1v, 461; of dogs, Iv, 591; v, 168, 393 v, 495; vi, 384-385 by war-party, Iv, 52 maps showing, 11, 96; 1v, 180; of food, at feast, v, 171 vI, 519 of horses by Otoes, v, 78 of the Mississippi, location, v1, 705 of widows, Hindoo custom, v, 59 population, vi, 705 ; offering of, discussed, 1, 49-50 statistics on, vi, 720, 721, 723 private, ceremony, v, 169 of the Missouri, location, v1, 705 to corn-power, VI, 631 Populations Vigytd to the Onkteri, rv, 644 statistics on, v1, 720, 721, 723 White Dog, account of, tv, 591 ai my T, 488, 523; v, 495; v1, by een, Codabs removal, tv, 485; v, 495; vi, 515, See also Offerings. 516, 536 ae oe description, v, 66 synopsis of treaty with, v, 496, 497 Sacrificial knife, 11, 90 treaties with, v, 499, 500 illustration, 11, 90 union of, vt, 484, 485 Sacrificial stone, Aztec, description, v1, wars of, vi, 488 586 renewed by, v, 46 Sacs, vi, 375 See also Foxes; Sacs; Sauks; also called Osawkees, v, 41 Sauks and Foxes. 200 Sa-essau-dinneh, Cheppewyans’ name for themselves, 11, 27 Sagadahock (Sagadehock), v1, 174 listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Sagamore, an Algonquin chief, vi, 96 Office of, vi, 115 See also Chief. Saganaw, occupants of, v1, 200 Saganaws, census of, 1, 458-467 description, v1, 498-499 identified as Chippewa, v1, 200 language, vi, 498 name, origin and meaning of, Vv, 145; v1, 484 population (1812), v, 708 treaty with, v1, 498 See also Chippewas of Saganaw. Saganosh, reference to, 11, 65; v1, 236 Sagarahta. See Hendrick, King. Sagard, tv, 206 missionary labors, tv, 198-199 Sage, country covered by, v, 709 Sagennom band, location, 111, 570 population, m1, 570 Sagima, story of, v1, 202-203 Saginaw. See Saganaws. Saginaw Bay, tribes dwelling on, v1, 714 Sagitchewayosay, sun worship ex- plained by, rv, 6389 Sagoyawata (Sagoyawatha) 111, 22 See also Red Jacket. Sahaptins (Sdaptins, Sah-aptins, Sape- tans), v, 490, 493 brief account of, Iv, 551 linguistic family, 111, 402 location, Iv, 551; v, 490, 493 maps showing, I, 96, 200 population, m1, 632; Iv, 551; v, 490, 493 See also Nez Percés. Sahehwamish. See Sahewamish. Sahewamish (Sahehwamish, Sehehwa- mish), census of, v, 704 location, v, 703; vi, 703 population, v, 703; v1, 703 See also Say-hay-ma-mish. Sah-ma-mish. See Samamish. Sah-nel Indians, and others, popula- tion, 111, 634 language, m1, 112 treaty with, m1, 112 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (Bull. 152 Saia. See Siahs. St. Ange de Bellerive, Mr., at Fort Chartres, 11, 307 Pontiac warned by, 11, 308 St. Anthony’s Falls, geological features of, 1v, 192 illustration of, 1v, 192 St. Augustine, brief history of, m1, 545 date of founding, vI, 743 landing of Menendez at, vi, 76 St. Catharine’s Island, color of Indians of, 11, 320 Clair, Gen. Arthur, appointment as governor, VI, 329 campaign against western Indians, VI, 335-337 council held with Indians, v1, 823 defeat by Indians, v, 528; vi, 217, 287 effect of, v1, 337 treaties negotiated, vi, 330 S. Clair River. See Sinclair River. St. Cosme, Mr., 11, 268 St. Croix River, Indians of, v, 219 St. Croix Valley, yielded to Chippewas, v, 526 Cyr, Michael, m1, 377, 378 Francis Indians, brief account of, v, 227 Fr. Xavier, mission established at Green Bay, v, 648 Germain, member of expedition, 111, 353 Ignace, tribal seat of the Ottawa, vi, 203 Jacques River, discovery, vi, 49 John Island, discovery, vi, 50 John(s) River, entered by Ribault, vi, 73 French expelled from banks, v, 675 Indian names for, Iv, 380 Indians, v, 219, 674 meaning, v, 674 John’s Indians, location, tm, 583 population, m1, 583 Joseph’s of Miami, Indians, vi, 275 Lawrence region, Indians, v, 38, 41, 137 Lawrence River, 55-57, 743 Indian name for, v, 633 tribes on, vi, 33, 200 St. St. St. St. St. St. St. St. St. St. St. St. St. exploration, VI, Nichols] St. Lawrence Valley, explorations in, VI, 55-57 Indians, v, 145 St. Leger, Col., expedition led by, v1, 283-286 retreat, v1, 290 St. Martin, Jacques, 11, 266 St. Mary’s and Michilimackinac Agency, statistics concerning, m1, 599- 606 St. Mary’s mission, establishment, v, 648 remains, v, 110 St. Mary’s River, description, v, 256 Indians, v1, 33, 128 naming, vi, 128 St. Peter’s Agency, statistical return from, 11, 612 St. Peter’s River, Indian names for, I, 183; 11, 156 valley, illustrated, 1, 174 St. Pierre, commandant, reference to, vI, 214 St. Regis Indians, brief account of, Iv, 606-607 census, I, 441-457; v, 504-505 classification, vi, 689 geographical position, 1, 441 government, v, 504 identification, v, 506 location, m1, 583; vi, 705 missionary work among, VI, 737 number on reservation, m1, 542 origin, tv, 606; v1, 200 population, m1, 583; 1v, 608, 604, 607 ; v1, 689, 694, 705, 707 St. Regis Reservation, census of, VI, 690 description, 11, 542 location, v1, 690 St. Vrain, Mr., murder of, vi, 451 Sakis. See Sauks. Sakumehu, a Skagit division, v, 704 location, v, 704; v1, 703 population, v, 704; v1, 703 See also Sock-a-muke. Salie law, reference to, 11, 40 Saline and Tahlequah mission, data on, Iv, 588 Saline River, vestiges of mining on, 1, 100 Saline strata in the Onondaga country, 11, 97-99 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 201 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Salisa mission, data on, Iv, 588 Salish (Selish), v, 490 also called Flatheads, vi, 688 location, 1, 487; v, 490 map showing, mI, 96 population, 1, 521; v, 490; vi, 688, 701 See also Jelish. Salmon, habits in New England rivers, Vv, 225-226 preparation for food, m1, 147 varieties, 111, 146-147 Salmon fisheries, a reason for organiza- tion, 1, 207 Salmon River, description, m1, 150 Indians on, v, 488 Salotta, of Chehaw Town, Iv, 576 Salt, search for, 1, 162; m1, 98-99 Salt Lake Basin (Valley), Indians, I, 204-228; v, 198; vi, 689, 697, 698 settlement, v, 199 Salt-making, Choctaw, vi, 526 evidence on Saline River, 1, 100 Onontagers, Iv, 340 Salt Rheum, treatment for, rv, 514 Salt springs, location, 1, 163 Saltern, Mr., mention of voyage, vi, 96 Salteurs. See Saulteurs. Saltketchers, Uchees at, 1, 26 Salts, occurrence in Snake territory, I, 209 Saluda Indians, relics, Iv, 163, 164 Salutation, of the Dacotah, m1, 244 Samamish (Sah-ma-mish), language, Iv, 600 location, Iv, 598; v, 708; vi, 703 population, 1v, 598; v, 703; v1, 703 Samdan. See Tako, Samdan and Sitka. Saminda, a California tribe, v1, 711 Samish, location, v, 491, 704; v1, 703 population, v, 491, 704; v1, 703 Samp, Indian name for crushed corn, I, 80 Sampiches, a division of the Utahs, v1, 697 Samson Occum, education of, v1, 734 Sa-mun-da, a California band, 11, 116 San Antonio de Atengo, settlement, I, 541 San Antonio de Padua, population, 1, 520 San Augustin de Atlachichilco, a Mexi- ean settlement, 111, 542 202 San Augustin de Atzopan, a Mexican settlement, rr, 545 San Bartholome, Spanish missions by the name of, Iv, 557 San Buenaventura, population, 1, 520 San Carlos de Monterey, population, 1, 520 San Diego, population, 1, 520 San Diego Mission, brief description, BUREAU Ir, 100 San Domingo, Pueblo de, population, 1, 519 San Felipe (San Felipe de Queres), Iv, 35 language, v, 689 population, 1, 519; m1, 638; vr, 688, 709 Quirix identified as, rv, 39 San Fernando, population, 1, 520 San Francisco de Azontamatlan, a Mexican settlement, mI, 547 San Francisco mission, population, 1, 520 San Gabriel, population, 1, 520 San Il de Conso. See San Ildefonso. San Ildefonso (San Il de Conso), language, v, 689 population, 1, 519; 111, 633; v1, 688, 709 San Joaquin, mission of Barcelona Province, Iv, 556 San Joaquin Valley, illustrations of Indians, vy, 217 San José, population, 1, 520 San Juan, language, v, 689 population, 1, 519; m1, 633; vz, 688, 709 San Juan Bautista, population, 1, 520 San Juan Capistrano, population, 1, 520 San Juan de Atezcapo, settlement, m1, 541 San Juan de Atlaca, a Mexican settle- ment, 11, 542 San Luis Obispo, population, 1, 520 San Luis Rey de Francia, population, I, 520 San Martin de Apo, a Mexican settle- ment, 1, 530 San Martin de Atlahuileo, a Mexican settlement, m1, 542 San Martin de Atzala, a Mexican settle- ment, 11, 544 San Miguel, population, 1, 520 OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 San Pedro de Atlapuleo, a Mexican settlement, 111, 543 San Pedro’s, brief account, 1, 239 San Salvador, landing place of Colum- bus, Iv, 554 San Simon de Azitla, a Mexican settle- ment, m1, 547 San Simon de los Barreteras, mission- ary settlement, Iv, 556-557 Sand-drift, 1, 168-169 Sandia, Iv, 216 language, v, 689 population, 1, 519; 11, 633; vi, 688, 709 Sandstone, reddish, in Snake territory, I, 209 Sandusky, tribes dwelling near, v1, 714 Sandusky River, Indians on, vi, 275 Sandwich Islands, block printing in, 1, 90-91 illustration of cloth from, 1, 91 Sandy Lake, Pillagers at, v, 185 presiding chiefs, v1, 386 Sioux driven from, 1, 146, 151 Sandy Lake Chippewas, warfare on Sioux, v, 185 Sanhikans (Sanhikins), a division of the Lenno Lenapees, v1, 147 location, v1, 100 reference to language, m1, 515 Sanpet. See Sampiches. Sanpitch Valley, Indians of, v, 200 Sanpoil. See Hihighenimmo; Lin- poilish ; Senpoils. Sans Are (Sansarcs), a Titon division 111, 629 bands, mm, 629 country occupied, m1, 629 leading men, 111, 629 population, v, 494 position, v, 494 Sanscrit, the language of the Hindoo race, v, 58 Santa Afia, mission of Barcelona Prov- ince, Iv, 556 population, 1, 519; m1, 683; v1, 688 Santa Anna, language, v, 689 Santa Barbara, a California mission, 1, 520 Indian settlements by name of, Iv, 556 mission of Barcelona Province, Iv, 556 Nichols] Santa Barbara—Continued population, 1, 520 Santa Catalena de Aztla, a Mexican settlement, r11, 549 Santa Clara, language, v, 689 population, 1, 519, 520; m1, 633; v1, 688, 709 Santa Cruz, population, 1, 520 Santa Domingo (Dominga), popula- tion, 11, 633; v1, 688, 709 See also Santo Domingo. Santa Fe Trail, tribes discussed, 1, 259-264 Santa Isabel Mission, Indians of, m, 102 Santa Maria de Atlamulco, a Mexican settlement, m1, 543 Santa Maria Atzompa, settlement, m1, 544 Santa Rita del Cobre mine, v, 207 Santa Rosa, M’Kee expedition at, 11, 100 mission of Barcelona Province, Iv, 556 Santana, population, v1, 709 Santeaux, a synonym of Chippewa, v, 41 Santees, 1m, 344 customs, Iv, 155-157 foes of Creeks, v, 98 incorporated with Creeks, v1, 370 language undetermined, v, 42 state of culture, v1, 182 subordinate tribe of the Catawbas, vi, 179 See also Isanyati; Sioux of the Woods. Santeurs [misprint], at siege of De- troit, m, 242, 249 See also Saulteurs. Santiago, Chief of Yumas, 11, 110 election of, 11, 112 Navajo guide and informant, Iv, 88-89 Santiago de Arismendi, settlement, 111, 537 Santiago de Atlatongo, settlement, 11, 543 Santiago de Azajo, a Mexican settle- ment, 111, 547 Santo Domingo pueblo, language, v, 689 See also Santa Domingo. 9'36706—54——14, a Mexican a Mexican a Mexican INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 203 Sanyakoan. See Cape Fox Indians. Saone. See Sowans. Sapetans. See Sahaptins. Saponi. See Sapoonies. Sapoonies (Saponeys, Sapoones), coun- try occupied, v, 668, 669; vi, 714 population, v, 668; vi, 270, 714 Saquaacha, location, v1, 702 population, vi, 702 See also Quahtoma. Saracu Indians, mentioned, Iv, 556 Saratoga, derivation of name, Iv, 384 meaning of name, m1, 328 mention of Indian attack on, v1, 298 Sargeant, Rev. Mr., Indians under charge of, v1, 324 Sarsees (Sursees, Sussees), classifica- tion, 111, 401, 542; v, 179 Sarsi. See Sarsees. Sasitka (Satsika), v1, 688 bands, v1, 686 Blackfeet division, 1, 487 divisions, v1, 698 population, rv, 560 reference to language, 111, 405 synonym of Blackfeet, Iv, 551 territory occupied, Iv, 560 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” See also Blackfeet; Pawkees; Sitkeas. Saskatchewine, included in Algonquin group, u, 36 Sassaba, Chief, 1, 112 incident connected with, v1, 386 Sassacus, vi, 114, 158, 154, 248, 647 and the Pequot War, vi, 110-112 death, v1, 123 dispute with Uncas, v1, 116-117 Sasti, a linguistic family, 111, 402 Satanas, a name for the Shawnee, tv, 255; vi, 219 defeated by Iroquois, tv, 382 foes of the Iroquois, Iv, 202 identified as the Eries, tv, 202 Iroquois war on, vi, 188 name, error concerning, Iv, 202 meaning of, Iv, 255 See also Shawnee. Satos, remarks on, mI, 557 Satouriona, Chief, v1, 74 French aided by, vi, 79, 81 Satquin, listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Saukies, Saukeys. See Sauks. 204 Sauks (Sakis, Saukies, Saukeys), 11, 554 associates of Menomonies, vi, 276 classification, m1, 401 cranial measurements, I, 335 enemies of the French, vi, 237 hunting grounds, v1, 714 lands, Iv, 572 language spoken, um, 341; 11, 562 leading men, 111, 568 location, m1, 559; v1, 484, 714 number of villages, 111, 562 original occupants of Saganaw, V1, 200 other names for, 11, 562 population, 111, 562 ; 1v, 572; vi, 272, 714 totems, 111, 554 trade, mI, 564 trading post for, 11, 566 tribal relations, m1, 566 village of, now Cassville, Wis., 1, 354 warriors 111, 554, 559, 562; vi, 271 See also Sacs; Sauks and Foxes. Sauks and Foxes, intemperance among, I, 485 land claimed, 11, 584 listed as one of Seven Fires, 11, 169 location, m1, 584 outbreak, 1, 144 population, 111, 584 seaffold burial adopted, v1, 617 See also Sacs and Foxes. Sault Ste. Marie, Chippewa name for, Iv, 000 description, 1v, 558 Jesuit mission at, vi, 397 seat of the Chippewas, vi, 385 treaty concluded at, v1, 386 Sault Ste. Marie Agency. See St. Mary’s and Michilimackinac Agency. Saulteaux. See Saulteurs. Saulteurs (Salteurs, Saulteaux), at siege of Detroit m1, 265, 268, 274, 278, 281, 284, 2938, 294, 296, 300 French name for Chippewas, v, 142 included in Algonquin group, Ir, 36 origin of name and language, Ir, 358; Iv, 558; v, 144 See also Chippewas; Santeurs. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Sausaman, Indian plot revealed by, v1, 151, 154 Sauvanogee, identification, rv, 380 Savage, Capt., mention of post, v, 255 Savage, Maj., Yosemite Valley dis- covered by, Iv, 222 Savanas (Savannahs, Savannas), ab- sorbed by Creeks, v1, 370 migration, Iv, 163 synonym of Shawanese, v, 262 See also Shawnees. Savannah, Indians of vicinity, v, 42 Savannahs, Sayannas. See Savanas. Savanuca(s), era of, v, 133 mention of language, v, 99 Sawahegeh, signer of treaty, v1, 144 Sa-wa-mish, bands, v, 7038 location, v, 703; v1, 703 population, v, 703; vi, 703 Sawanese, a name for the Shawanese, v, 260 See also Shawnee. Saw-cesaw-dinneh, Chippewyan name for themselves, m1, 542; v, 172 Sawkins, J. G., reference to drawings, vI, 582 Sawokli. See Souikilas. Saw-ry-ats, Utah band led by, v, 200 Say, Mr., vocabulary collected by, 111, 252 Sayadio, a Wyandot legend, I, 235 Say-hay-ma-mish (Sayhaywamish) brief account of, v, 700 language, rv, 600 location, Iv, 598 population, tv, 598 See also Sahehwamish Scaffold burials, 1, 68 among Oregon tribes, 11, 217 custom, 1, 102, 262 Dacotahs, Iv, 65-66 description, 1, 356; u, 70 followed by interment, Iv, 66, 561 illustration, 1, 39; v, 168 pictographs on, 1, 337 reasons for, Iv, 55 sites selected, 11, 97 tribes practicing, v1, 617 Scaghticoke, meaning of name, vi, 146 Seaghticokes (Scagticokes; Scaticook), flight, vi, 147 refugee Pequots, v1, 200 Nichols] Sealp dance, Dacotah, illustrated, 11, 63; vi, 65 feature of, 11, 57 illustration, 11, 63; vi, 65 performed by women, Iv, 63 Pueblos, tv, 78-79 Winnebago, described, 111, 285 Sealping, among the Dacotah, 11, 243 illustration showing act, 0, 61; vI, 25 mentioned, as a Hebrew custom, Ir, 60 rewards given for, tv, 52 standing determined by, v, 181 See also Scalps. Sealping-knife, Winnebago, iv, 54 Sealps, exhibition, 11, 57 honor of taking, 1, 57 illustration, 11, 63 payment for, v1, 308 Scandinavian element, suggestion of, in Indian culture, v, 86 Seandinavians, early visits to America, I, 106 explorations, v1, 608 in Massachusetts, theory concern- ing, m1, 88 in North America, discussion of, Iv, 119-121 visits to north Atlantic coasts, rv, 116 monuments proving, Iv, 119 Secanonaerat, a Huron tribe, tv, 204, 208 Scarhuhadigh, signer of treaty, vi, 144 Searooyadi, vi, 213, 237 friend of the English, v1, 219, 228 Seaticook. See Scaghticokes. Schaitl, a village on Klamath River, i, 138 Scheffer, Prof., Lapland described by, T, 425 Sche-perrh, a Klamath River tribe, m1, 634 village on Klamath River, 111, 138 Schermerhorn, Commissioner, v1, 475 Sche-woh, a Quoratem band, m1, 151 Schoenmaker, Rey. Father, report on Osage school, rv, 594-595 Schoharie, Indian attack on, vz, 298, 306 Schoharie Valley, raid on, vi, 314 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 205 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Schooleraft, H. R., activities among Indians, v, 151-152 agent at Sault Ste. Marie, v1, 397 atrocities committed on relatives, vi, 305 discussion of work, v, 54-55 expedition in 1819, v1, 519-520 expedition in 1831, 1, 143-147; v1, 384 Indian name for, v, 602, 603 negotiations conducted by, vi, 464 Ojibwa text with translation by, v, 601-603 petition signed by, mr, 618 report on Iroquois population, tv, 603 tour, west of the Mississippi, Iv, 278-324 visit to disaffected tribes, vi, 448, 450, 451-452 Schoolcraft, Lawrence, war exploit of, vI, 314 Schoolcraft, Mrs., 1, 396 Schools, Cherokee, report on, Iv, 588, 589-590 Chippewa attitude toward, v, 150 Choctaw, report on, Iv, 584-585 need of, in colonization plan, vI, 413 opposition to, m, 189; Iv, 477-479 Osage, report on, Iv, 594-595 Winnebago, attendance at, m1, 474 Schre-gon, a village on Klamath River, In, 138 Schregon Indian, vocabulary obtained from, 111, 422 Schre-gon Indians, a Klamath River tribe, 111, 634 Schuyler, General, v, 514 aid sent by, to Fort Stanwix, v1, 290 Johnson Hall captured by, v1, 283 Schwo-Yelpi, population, v, 705, 706; v1, 700 See also Colville. Scioto-Iroquois, peace overtures, 259 Scioto River, tribes on, v1, 260 Scioto Valley, altar mounds, rv, 126, 128 copper in mounds, I, 67 mention of earthworks, v1, 597 population, 1, 73; vi, 599 VI, 206 Scious of the Prairies. the Meadows. Scioux. See Sioux. Scituate, Indian attack on, v1, 165 Scoffies, classification of, 111, 401 Seootucks, a synonym of Passama- quoddy, v, 219 Scotch, element in Cherokees, vi, 503 Seott, Gen., v1, 453, 476 Catawbas ruled by, m1, 295 expedition against the Indians, v1, 335 letter to Gov. Gilmer, v1, 493-494 negotiations with Cherokees, vI, 492, 493 proclamation to Cherokees, v1, 491-492 treaty negotiated by, vI, 488 Scott, Gen. Charles, in action at Pres- que Isle, v1, 340 Seott, Sir Walter, tv, 504 Seott’s Island, Indians of, v, 488 Seott’s River, description, m1, 159 Scott’s Valley, described, 111, 160-161 Scott’s Valley tribes, population, m1, 171, 634 Seouler, Dr., 11, 325, 326 quoted on flattened skulls, m1, 328 Scratching, as punishment, v, 273-274 as token of friendship, v, 274 Serolls, Mexican parchment, discussion of, vi, 604-605 Sculpture, Indian, examples, v, 113 Indian, illustrations, v, 113; v1, 604 Mexican, in stone, vi, 579, 585-587 of northern tribes, rv, 663 See also Carving; Pipe sculpture; Stonework. Sculptured Rock, described, m, 87-88 illustrated, m, 88 Seasons. See Calendar system. Seawan. See Wampum. Sebastian, Senator, Indian legislation discussed by, v, 459 Sebring, Thomas, 11, 114 explorations, m1, 1381 Secotan Indians, colony attacked by, v1, 93 Secotan village, v1, 86 Secowocomoco. See Yaocomicos. Secret societies, initiation into, 11, 287; v, 71-72 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 See Sioux of | Secret societies—Continued three classes, v, 71 See also Medicine feast. Sedgwick, Maj., Fort La Tour cap- tured by, v, 674 Sedgwick, Theodore, petition signed by, I, 618 Seduction, punishment for, 11, 182 See-char-litch-ar, Creek council at, Iv, 579 Seeds, gathering for food, v, 216-217 preparation for food, illustrated, v, 217 use of, for food, v, 212 See o ko ba, a Thla katch ka chief, rv, 579 Seepans, language, v, 689 See also Lipans. Seers, Indian, harm done by, tv, 637 illustration showing activities, v, 82 See also Jossakeed; Prophet. Segocket, listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Segotago, listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Sehehwamish. See Sahewamish. Sehe-perrh village, m1, 147 Sekakos, chief of the Saulteurs, m, 281 Sekamish. See St-ka-mish. Sekani. See Sicaunies. Se-ko-pe-chi, information furnished by, I, 265 reference to traditions, m, 32 Sekumre, an upper California language, TI, 402 Selish. See Salish. Selkirk, Earl of, m1, 523 Selkirk, Lord, reference to settlement of, 1, 148, 182 Semiahmoo. See Shim-i-ah-moo. Semicivilized tribes, tables of statistics on, v, 498, 504-506 Seminole and Creek wars, estimated cost, v, 500 Seminole language, classification, II, 404 Seminole War, account of, vi, 468-473, 476-477 cause assigned for, v1, 472 high cost of, vi, 374 remarks on origin, vi, 473 Nichols] Seneca snakeroot, use by Indians, rv. with Creeks, Iv, 574 and Creeks, acres owned, vi, 519 annuities paid to, v1, 723 attendance at missions, v, 698 census, III, 621-628 classification, 111, 401; v1, 688 cranial measurements, 11, 335 derivation and meaning of name, Iv, 380; v, 260; vi, 468, 473 description, v, 260 funds required for, m1, 568 intermarriage with Scotch, vi, 351 lands, Iv, 574; vi, 519 ceded by, 11, 604; v1, 471 claimed, mI, 584 purchased from, u, 600 statistics on, 11, 606 language, m1, 596-597 location assigned to, v1, 455 maps showing, m1, 96; rv, 180; v, 253; vi, 519 missionary work among, yi, 734, 739 origin, story of, v, 259 original Creeks, v, 260 population, I, 522, 524; m1, 584, 597; Iv, 574; v, 498; v1, 479, 688, 690, 705 provisions of treaty with, v1, 445 reference to dialect, m1, 399 relations with the Creeks, v1, 468 removal, 11, 558; vi, 479, 515-516 attempted, Iv, 472 condition after, vr, 480, 534 535 separated from Creek Confederacy, tm, 401 skirmishes with, on St. John’s River, vi, 359-360 slavery among, vI, 332 territory occupied, 111, 584, 597; v1, 32, 705 treaties with, v, 499; v1, 332, 471- 472 war with, vi, 468-473, 476-477 Seminolies. See Seminoles. Sempoiles, population, v1, 701 Seneca language, list of works in, ry, 528-529 } 242 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S§. INDIAN TRIBES” 207 Seminoles (Seminolies), amalgamated | Seneca tradition of the Great Snake, 111, 322-323 Senecas, v, 495; vi, 143 accused of murders in Virginia, v1, 135 advance made by, v, 506 amalgamated with Shawanese, Iv, 574 and Quappas, acres owned, vi, 519 annuities, 11, 585, 588 appropriations for, mn, 564 at Braddock’s defeat, v1, 217 at council with Johnson, v1, 253 at siege of Fort Stanwix, v1, 292 census, II, 621; v, 504-505; v1, 718 chief taken by Eries, 111, 289 classification, m1, 401; tv, 204 condition, 11, 589-540; 1v, 472 after removal, v1, 481, 538 conquests, Iv, 606 dispute with Ogden Company, 0, 540 distinguished chiefs, Iv, 563 division, 1, 441 fiscal statistics relating to, v1, 720, 721, 722, 723 funds required, 1, 573, 574-575 geographical position, 1, 441 government, y, 504 hunting grounds, v1, 714 in battle of Oriskany, v1, 289 in Revolutionary War, v, 513 investments for, 11, 562 lands, Iv, 574 ceded by, 11, 604; vi, 445 granted to, v, 457 occupied by, 111, 288-289; 583, 590 purchased from, m1, 595, 599, 600 statistics on, m1, 606 location, tr, 289; rv, 461; v, 495, 667, 668; v1, 147, 275, 705, 714 maps showing, m1, 96; v1, 519 missionary work among, vi, 734, 735, 737 mixed, acres owned by, vi, 519 Neutral nation incorporated with, ta, 290 nicknamed Rattlesnakes, v1, 326 number on reservations, m1, 539, 540 of Alleghany, census of, 1, 441-457 208 Senecas—Continued of Buffalo, census of, 1, 441-457 of Cattaraugus, census of, 1, 441- 457; vi, 706 of Conawango, census of, 1, 441-457 of Neosho, census of, 1, 441-457 of Tonawanda, census of, 1, 441— 457 one of the Six Nations, rv, 616 origin legend, 111, 322-323 origin of name, vi, 326 peace overtures of, v1, 261 petroleum on reservation, I, 161 population, 1, 441; m1, 583, 590, 609, 610; Iv, 528, 574, 608, 604, 605, 606 ; v, 495, 505, 668, 708; v1, 275, 694, 705, 706, 707, 714, 718 position in American Revolution, vI, 312 rank among tribes, 1, 268 removal, v, 495; vi, 516, 536 plans for, 111, 576, 577 represented at Canandaigua coun- cil, v1, 326 reservation described, 1, 538 station in South Carolina, m1, 196 traditions regarding wars, Iv, 137, 208, 345-346 treaties with, v, 499; vi, 262, 326, 334, 380 war with Andastes, vi, 139-140, 144 war with Eries, tv, 200-203 warriors, estimate of, m1, 561; vI, 261, 270 See also Buffalo Indians; Mingoes; Sennekas; Sinikers. Senecas and Shawnees, census of, I, 441-457 fiscal statistics relating to, v1, 721, 722, 723 location, 1, 441; v1, 705 map showing colony, rv, 180 population, 111, 609, 610; v, 495; v1, 705 removal, vi, 516, 536 condition after, v1, 539 Senecas, New York, fiscal statistics re- lating to, v1, 721, 723 of Alleghany, population, v1, 688 of Buffalo, population, v1, 688 of Cattaragus, population, v1, 688 of the Neosho, treaty signed by, v1, 461 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY {Bull. 152 Senecas, New York, ete.—Continued of Tonawanda, population, v1, 688 Sandusky, location, vi, 705 population, vi, 705 Sennekas, one of Five Nations, 111, 184 See also Senecas. Senpoils, location, vi, 688 population, 1, 521; vi, 688 Senses, acuteness of, m1, 212-213 Sequoia (Sequoya), or Guess, tv, 590 Cherokee alphabet invented by, 1, 228 See also Soquoiah. Seraticks, associated with Lipans, 1, 239 territory occupied by, 1, 239 See also Arapaho. Seretees, a name for the Santee, tv, 155 See also Santee. Sergeant, Hon. John, measurements of hair, 11, 383, 392 missionary work, vi, 734, 735, 736 Serpentine, pipe from Onondaga area, 1 7635 use by Aztecs, 1, 73 Serpent Mound, interpretation, 1, 32 Serpents, attitude toward, In, 231, 273 encountered in northwest Califor- nia, m1, 111-112 feathered, myth of, v1, 640 respect for, 1, 414 symbolism, 1, 414; v, 105 Serper. See Sche-perrh. Serragoin Indian, vocabulary obtained from, 1, 422 Serra-goin trail, mentioned, m1, 152 Seseetoan and Wahpaytoan band, pay- ments made to, v1, 721 Sessatons. See Sissitons. Seven Caves of Navatlaques, 1, 20 probable location, 1, 22 Seven Cities, story of, Iv, 22 Seven Fires of the Sioux, discussion, 1, 169 Severn River, Indian treaty signed at, vi, 144 settlement of Puritans on, v1, 143 Sevier, Gen., references to, rv, 680 Sewall’s Island, occupied by Penna- cooks, v, 230 Sewan-akies, descriptive name of Me- toacs, vi, 147 meaning of name, vi, 147 Nichols} INDEX TO Seward, Senator, of New York, former Governor of New York, v, 464 Indian legislation discussed by, v, 464465 Se wat palla, population, v, 706 Sewee Indians, disaster suffered by, Iv, 155 subordinate tribe of the Catawbas, vI, 179 Sexes, indifference between, v, 274 Sexual relations, among the Creeks, v, 272 See also Adultery; Marriage Cus- toms. Seyffart, Anthony, v, 681, 682 Shaa. See Schaitl. Shad, habits in New England rivers, v, 225-226 Shagobai, a noted Pillager, v, 189 Shahala(h) Nation, location, 11, 570 population, 111, 570, 609 tribes composing, 111, 570 Shah-wah-no, origin legend, v, 192 See also Shawnee. Shaitl, a Klamath River tribe, 1, 634 Shakewah, an interpreter, Iv, 274 Shallala(h), location, 1m, 571 population, m1, 571, 609; v, 707 Shallattoos, location, m1, 572 population, 111, 572; v, 706 Shamindawa, Chief, vi, 255 Shamokin (Shaumokin; Shemoken; Shomoken), birthplace of Logan, Iv, 616 Delawares at, v, 138 Delawares ordered to, 11, 74 identification, Iv, 325, 616 mission at, v, 503 destruction of, Iv, 619 use made of, iv, 617 Shamwappoms (Chanwappan), loca- tion, 111, 572 population, 111, 572; v, 706 Shanamkarak. See Hh-qua-nek. Shanel. See Sah-nel. Shanel-kaya band, at Clear Lake Coun- cil, m1, 109 language, 11, 110, 112 location, 11, 109, 114 Shanico’s band, number of, m1, 635 Shanwappom. See Shamwappoms. Shasta (Shasté, Shasties), application of name, m1, 156 SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 209 Shasta—Continued called Rogue River Indians, 111, 632 classification, 111, 402 location, 11, 156, 201 map showing, 111, 96, 200 population, m1, 201 Shasta (Shasté) Valley, description, 1, 165 Indian population, m1, 171, 634 Shastan family. See Sasti; Shasta. Shastan language. See Shasté lan- guage. Shasté. See Shasta. Shasté Butte city, described, 111, 164 Shasté language, extent of, m1, 422 reservation for tribes speaking, III, 171 Shasté River, description, 11, 165-166 Shastie. See Shasta. Shaugawaumikong. See Chegoimegon; Lapointe. Shaumokin. See Shamokin. Shaw, Rev. Mr., v, 689 Sha-wa-ke-shig, distinguished Pillager warrior, i, 165 Shawanees. See Shawanese. Shawanese [village], a Creek town, v, 262 Shawanese (Shawanees, Shawanoes, Shawanos, Shawanous), amal- gamated with Senecas, Iv, 574 at siege of Detroit, 11, 284, 285 brief account of, 111, 561 called “Chats” by the French, tv, 202 Creeks joined by, v, 260 hunting grounds, vi, 714 lands, Iv, 572, 574 location, v, 122; v1, 714 mission church, v, 698 origin legend, 1, 19; v, 192 peace made by, v, 1389 population, 111, 610; 1v, 572, 574; v1, 714 preparation of food, tv, 332 refugee towns, v, 262 relations with Michigamies, v, 195- 196 tradition, m1, 82 village of, Iv, 334 warriors, 111, 561; Iv, 605 See also Shawnees. 210 Shawano, a mythological character, Vv, 409 Shawanoes, Shawanos, See Shawanese. Shawawnon, Chief, 11, 259 Shawmut, origin of name, Iv, 562 Shawnee language, an Algonquin di- alect, m1, 341 evidence in Florida, 11, 34 publications in, tv, 541 vocabulary, m1, 470-481 Shawnee Prophet. See HElkswatawa. Shawanous. Shawnees (Shawnese, Shawnesse, Shawnoes), 1, 555; v, 527; vi, 140 affiliations, Iv, 621 agriculture among, vi, 541-542 alliance with Menomonie, 1, 304 and Delawares, population, v1, 708 and others, battle with, v1, 266 annuities, 11, 586, 588, 589 at Braddock’s defeat, vi, 217, 218 at council with Sir William John- son, vI, 233 attitude toward the colonies, v1, 242 battles with Virginians, v1, 307 beginning of war with, vi, 264 census, I, 488-497; m1, 621-628 classification, 111, 401; v, 145 condition, rv, 466, 472; vi, 517 after removal, v1, 481, 541-542, 544 cranial measurements, 1, 335 depredations, v1, 236 enemies of the colonies, v1, 219 fighting characteristics, v1, 300 fire worship among, v, 67 fiscal statistics relating to, v1, 721, 723 funds required for, m1, 574 included in Algonquin group, I1, 36 in Florida, 111, 90 in Kentucky, 1, 300, 301 in league with Nanticokes and Mo- hickanders, v1, 132 intruders in Texas, 1, 240 investments for, 11, 561, 562 land, ceded by, m1, 602, 604; v1, 445 claimed, 111, 5838, 585 false claims to, v1, 3380 granted permanently to, v, 457 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Shawnees—Continued land—Continued purchased from, 11, 5938, 595, 598, 599, 600 statistics on, 1, 605, 606 language, reference to, m1, 96 location 1, 488; m1, 559, 5838, 585, 591, 592; rv, 461, 620; v, 495; v1, 82, 33, 275, T05 maps showing, 1, 96; vi, 519 map showing colony of, tv, 180 migrations, v, 122; v1, 197, 277, 420 missionary work among, vi, 737, 738, 739, 740 name, Iv, 255-256 ; v, 41; vi, 688 of Wapakanetta, location of, rv, 461 origin tradition, Iv, 147, 255; v1, 277-278 pacification, tv, 615 peace sought by, vi, 254, 259, 260, 261, 343 population, 1, 518, 524; 11, 583, 585, 591, 609, 635; Iv, 606; v, 495, 708 ; vI, 271, 272, 275, 688, 699, 705 position in Revolutionary War, VI, 281, 298, 295, 299-301 relations with other tribes, v1, 300 removal, tv, 460; v, 495; v1, 516, 5386 condition after, v1, 541-542, 544 plans for, tI, 576, 577 size of brain, 11, 330 stature, Iv, 349 subjection to Iroquois, Iv, 617 travels of, vr, 219 treaties with, v, 496, 497, 499; vz, 328, 334, 380, 420 warriors, number of, m1, 555, 559; vi, 261, 271 within Neosho Colony, tv, 460 See also Chauenous; Neosho Sen- eeas and Shawnees; Satanas; Savannas; Senecas and Shaw- nees; Shah-wah-no; Shawanese. Shawneetown, origin of name, 1, 301; v1, 277 Shawnese, Shawnesse. See Shawnees. Shawnoes. See Shawnees. Shea, John Gilmary, paper on Mas- coutins, Iv, 244 Sheastuckles, location, m1, 571 population, m1, 571 Shecomeco. See Shekomeko. Nichols] Shedrac, a Micmac settlement, v, 677 Sheep, importance to Navajoes, 1v, 212 introduction into New Mexico, v1, 616 raising of, by Moquis, tv, 72 use by the Navajo, v, 204 Sheep Indians, an Athapascan tribe, 11, 542 She-kom band, at Clear Lake council, m1, 109 Shekomeko (Shecomeco, Shicomico, Shi- komico), missionary work at, v, 138, 503, 680-682 Shell-heaps, in the Carolinas, v, 80 Shell mounds in South Carolina, refer- ence to, nm, 89 Shell ornaments, from burials, 1, 68 use, I, 86 Shells, barter in, 1, 67 marine, in Rocky Mountain region, I, 218 use, as charms, I, 86 as currency, I, 84; 1m, 113; m1, 220 by conjurors, Iv, 490 value, m7, 113 See also Wampum. Shemoken. See Shamokin. Shenandoa(h) Chief, reference to ora- tory of, v, 410 stature, Iv, 349 traditional birthplace, v1, 1386 See also Skenandoah. Sheshatapoosh, classification, m1, 401 See also Montagnais. She-sheeb, 11, 153 death, 11, 160, 163 She-she-quin, Indian name of Queen Hsther’s Flats, v, 671 Shicomico. See Shekomeko. Shields, buffalo hide, 1, 236 Comanche custom concerning, II, 127 decoration, t1, 69 illustration, 111, 68 used by prairie tribes, 11, 69 Shigom. See She-kom. Shikelimo, Chief, 1v, 337, 340 accident to, Iv, 328 death, tv, 619 father of Logan, Iv, 325, 616; v1, 264 guide of expedition, tv, 325, 326, 616, 617 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. §. INDIAN TRIBES” Zid Shikelimo—Continued Moravians welcomed by, Iv, 617 See also Shikillimus, Chief. Shikillimus, Chief, friend of the Whites, v, 669 See also Shikelimo. Shikomico. See Shekomeko. Shimiahmoo, location, v, 491, 704; v1, 703 population, v, 491, 704; v1, 703 Shinecock Reservation, census of, v1, 690 location, v1, 690 Shinecocks, v1, 688 population, v1, 688 Shingabawassin (Shingabwassin), ac- ’ count of, v1, 399 Chippewa chief, v1, 385 grave-post of, 1, 357 leading Chippewa, v, 148 Shingebiss, story of, 11, 324-326 Shingiss, a Delaware sachem, v1, 213, 219 Shingwauk (or Little Pine) Chief, brief account of, 1, 112; Iv, 557 inscriptions deciphered by, 1, 113- 118; 11, 85-87 Shingwaukonce, pictographs explained by, 1, 339 Shinnecock. See Shinecock. Shipaulovi. See Juparivi. Shirley, Gen., v1, 224, 226, 233 Shistacoostee (Sisticoosta), census of, v, 493 location, v1, 702 population, v1, 702 Shoalwater Bay. Indian customs at, vi, 619-622 Indians on, v1, 703 preservative quality of soil near, VI, 623 Shobarboobeer, location, 1m, 572 population, 111, 572 Sho-go-nik-kaw, account of, Iv, 234 myth related by, Iv, 228-230 Shokomish. See Skokomish. Shomamish (S’Ho-ma-mish), census of, v, 704 location, Iv, 598; v, 703; v1, 703 population, rv, 598; v, 703 ; v1, 703 See also Homamish. Shomoken. See Shamokin. Shongopovi. See Sumonpavi. 212 Shorikowani, a Canadaigua chief, Iv, 200 death, rv, 201 war led by, tv, 200 “Short-haired Indians,” description, 1, 119 Shoshocoes, a band of Shoshonies, v1, 697 Shoshoko. See Root Diggers; Shosho- coes ; Sosokos. Shoshonean family. See Shoshone(e) group. Shoshone(e) group, a linguistic family, ti, 402 brief account of, 11, 37-88 cultural status, m, 334 divisions, v, 493; v1, 34-35 estimated population, 1, 199, 522 one of seven ethnological families, I, 33, 3438 route of migration, 1, 38 territory occupied, 1, 197, 198; 0, 37-88 ; Iv, 551; v, 197; v1, 34-35 tribes composing, I, 197; Iv, 551 Shoshonee language, I, 198; 111, 403; v1, 697 brief vocabulary, 1, 216, 218 Shoshonees (Shoshones, Shoshonies), Iv, 596; v, 494; v1, 688 account of, 1, 198-203; v, 198-199 attitude toward the insane, tv, 49 bands, v1, 697 brain cavity, m, 333 character, 1, 200 condition, 1, 202 cooking vessels, 1, 61 cranial capacity, vi, 574 cranial measurements, mH, 335 decrease in number, 1, 202, 228 division of the Snake Indians, 1, 206 effect of introduction of horses, v1, 616 inaccessible haunts, 1, 221 location, I, 224; 111, 570, 572 Imaps showing, 1, 28; m1, 96, 200 peace overtures to Utahs, tv, 596 population, 111, 570, 572, 609; v, 493, 494, 498 ; v1, 688, 697, 701 reference to food, 1, 41 resemblances to other tribes, 1, 217 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Shoshonees—Continued territory occupied, 1, 198, 201, 487; v, 198, 199, 4938, 494; v1, 697 See also Shoshone(e) group; Snake Indians; Soshawnese. Shoshones. See Shoshonee group; Shoshonees. Shoshoni. See Shoshonees. Shotlemamish (Hotlimamish, S’hotle- ma-mish), brief account of, vy, 700 location, v, 703; v1, 703 population, v, 703; v1, 703 See also Srootle-ma-mish. Shoto, location, m1, 570 population, 11, 570 Shou a gan, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 Shregegon. See Schre-gon. Shutaunomanok. See Cho-tan-o-man- as. Shuttle, bone, illustration, 1, 89 use and description, 1, 88 Shuyelpes, maps showing location, m1, 96, 200 See also Colville. Shyennes, classification, m1, 402 See also Cheyenne. Sia. See Cia; Silla. Siahs (Sians), location, 1, 139 Siarh yoholo, of Tuck a batch cha town, Iv, 575 Siba, the chief, meaning of name, 11, 303 Siberia, inscriptions, 1, 424 Sibley, H. H., buffalo hunting described by, Iv, 94-110; v, 49 Sicaunies, an Athapascan tribe, 111, 542 population, 1, 28 Sichomovi. See Chemovi. Sick naa hutty, a Stikeen River tribe, v, 489 census of, v, 489 Sickness, attitude toward patient, 1, 249 ceremony of curing, v, 422-423 See also Disease ; Medical practices. Sicopan tribe, hostilities with, v1, 92 Siege of Fort Detroit, journal giving de- tails, 11, 242-308 Siginoe, signature of, 11, 226 Sign language. See Pictography. Signals, trees used for, 111, 150-151 Signatures, pictographs used as, 11, 226 Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S Siknahadi. See Sick naa hutty. Siksika. See Blackfeet; Pawkees; Sa- sitka; Sitkeas. Silela. See Shallalah. Silla (Sille), another name for Cia, rv, 35 Chia identified as, 1v, 39 language, v, 689 population, 1, 519 ; 111, 633 Sille. See Silla. Silliman, Prof. Benjamin, measure- ments of hair of, 111, 383 Silures, probable origin, v, 34 Silver, destruction of articles, Iv, 450 in Michigan, 1, 161 value placed on, by the Indian, 1, 93 Silver Bluffs, Uchees at, 11, 26, 27 Silversmiths, ancient, skill of, Iv, 451- 452 Similoculgee, Creek name for the Sem- inole, Iv, 380 See also Seminole. Simonds, James, survey conducted by, v, 675 Simonise, William S., song presented by, wu, 309 Sinaahmish, a Skagit division, v, 704 census, v, 704 location, v, 704; v1, 703 population, v, 704; v1, 703 Sinahamish (Sinahemish, Sinahomish), bands, v, 704 brief account of, v, 701 census vy, 701, 704 location, v, 704; v1, 703 population, 1, 521; v, 704; vi, 703 See also Sinnamish ; Snohomish. Sinahemish, Sinahomish. See Sina- hamish. Sinahomish (Sinabomish) River, bands on, v1, 703 Indian population, v, 491 Sinamish of Whidley’s Island, popula- tion, v1, 701 Sinclair, Lt., commandant at Michili- mackinac, vi, 256 feat accomplished by, v1, 256 Sinclair River, probable origin of name, VI, 256 Singsing, derivation of name, tv, 380 origin, vi, 116 213 Sinhumamish (Spokane), population, 1, 632; v, 707; vi, 700 See also Larlielo; Spokanes. Sinicker (Sinikers), a name for the Senecas, Iv, 332, 605 warriors, Iv, 605 See also Senecas. Sinker, Pennacook, illustrated, rv, 175 Sinnamish, included in Qualliamish, v1, 688 population, 1, 521; vi, 688 See also Sinahamish. Sin-ne-gars, a name for Senecas, vI, 326 See also Senecas. Sinojos, a branch of the Ottowas, 11, | 654 Sinslaw. See Sheastuckles. Sintsinks. See Singsing. Sioto River, tribe dwelling on, vi, 714 Siouan group (stock), a linguistic stock, I, 197; mu, 402 tribes composing, 1, 197; m1, 593- 594; vi, 34 Siouan languages, 546-551 See also Sioux language and under tribal names. Sioux (Scious), 1m, 557; vi, 375 Algonquin name for, vy, 193 alliance with Menomonie, 1, 304 and Chippewas, hostilities between, I, 142, 143; mu, 547-548; v, 98-99, 524 peace negotiations, 1, 338 and Snake Indians, war-ground, 1, 200 appropriation for, tm, 564 attack on Delawares, vi, 543 attack on Pawnees, Iv, 466 battle with Ojibwas, nm, 143, 149- 150, 151 beliefs, 1, 175, 177, 178 census, Il, 621-628; v, 701-702 chief, 111, 568 country occupied by, 1, 197; 111, 594; vI, 275, 384, 705 description of ceremony, v, 4385 divisions, 11, 168-169; v, 485 driven from Pillager territory, V, 184 enemies of Mandans, 111, 253 evacuation of Lake Winnipeg, u, 151 funds required, 11, 573-574 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” publications in, Iv, 214 Sioux—Continued lands, tv, 464-465 ceded by, u, 604 purchased from, 11, 594, 599, 601 statistics on, m, 606 location of towns, 1, 141 migration legend, v, 98 migrations, 11, 172; v, 98 modifications of Midawin, v, 428, 429 name given to rice, 1, 187 other names, m1, 562 population, 1, 594, 609, 614, 629, 631; vi, 275, 276, 688, 705 with others (1812), v, 708 recommendations concerning, 548 Seven Fires, one of, m, 169 totems, 111, 557 treaties with, v, 499, 500; v1, 380 use of the word, 11, 170 village taken by Ojibwas, mo, 146 warriors, estimate of, 111, 557 wars, VI, 488 with Chippewas, vi, 387-389 with Ojibwas, m1, 150-160 with Pillagers, v, 186-187 See also Aboinug; Blackfeet Sioux ; Brules; Bwoin; Dakota; Sioux of the Meadows; Sioux of the Mis- sissippi; Sioux of the Missouri; Sioux of the Plains; Sioux of the Woods. Sioux country, caves described, 11, 95-99 description, 11, 172-175 rich soil, 1, 182 Sioux language, Lord’s Prayer in, v, 592 poverty of, v1, 393 Sioux of the Meadows (Scious of the Prairies), country occupied, 11, 559 population, m1, 557 totems, m1, 557 warriors, estimate of, m1, 557, 559 See also Tetons. Sioux of the Mississippi, fiscal statis- ties relating to, v1, 720, 721, 723 location, vi, 705 population, 1, 524; vi, 705 Sioux of the Missouri, location, v1, 705 population, 1, 524; v1, 696, 705 H, BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Sioux of the Plains, location, v1, 705 population, vi, 705 Sioux of the Woods, country occupied, iI, 559 warriors, estimate of, 111, 559 Sisitonwan, a subdivision of the Isany- ati, I, 248 Sisseton. See Sisitonwan; Sissitons; Sussetons. Sissitons (Sessatons), v1, 688 Dakotah band, v1, 350 language spoken, 11, 563 leading men, mt, 569 other names for, m1, 563 population, 11, 563 trade, m1, 565 trading post, m1, 567 tribal relations, m1, 567 warriors, number of, m1, 563 See also Seseetoan; Sussetons. Sisters of Loretto, missionary work, v, 699 Sisters of St. Joseph, missionary work, v, 699 Sisticoosta. See Shistacoostee. Sitka [Indians], location, m1, 402 Sitka [village], tribes trading at, v, 489 Sitka. See Tako, Samdan and Sitka Indians. Sitkeas, divisions, 11, 252 territory occupied, m1, 252 See also Siksika. Siva, reference to worship, v, 58 Six, Chief, pictograph representing, v1, 390 Six Nations, 1, 197 address from Committee on Indian Affairs, v1, 293-296 annuities, m1, 584; v1, 723 attitude during Revolutionary War, VI, 277, 281, 283 condition, m, 554 council held, tv, 339 discussion of pamphlet on, 1, 125 enemies of Ojibwas, 11, 139 funds required for, m, 573 historical sketches of, v, 631-646 hunting grounds, v, 667 land, ceded by, vi, 323 purchased from, 1, 593 location, m1, 86; 11, 559, 590 mythology, v1, 666-670 Nichols] Six Nations—Continued origin, v, 37 peace overtures made by, vi, 254 population, total, v1, 718 power and influence, v, 481 progress, VI, 537 relations with the French, yv, 522- 523 treaty made with, vi, 330 tribes composing, m1, 590; Iv, 616 war with Canada, 111, 518-520 warriors, number of, m1, 555, 559, 561; vi, 276 See also Five Nations. Si-yante, a Tuolumne band, tv, 407 See also Typoxies. Skaddals, location, m1, 572 population, 111, 572, 609; v, 706 Skadjets, Skagats, Skagets. See Skagit tribe. Skagit River, Indians on, v, 491; v1, 703 Skagit tribe (Skadjets, Skagats, Skagets), brief account of, v, 701 divisions, v, 704 language, Iv, 600 location, Iv, 598; v, 704; v1, 703 population, 1, 521; 1v, 598; v, 704; VI, 688, 703 Skagots, population, v1, 701 Skaisis, maps showing location, 11, 96, 200 See also Koetenay ; Kutenai. Skal-lum. See S’Klallams. Skaw-o-mut, or Black Chief, signature, 1, 226 Skea-wa-mish, language, rv, 600 location, Iv, 598 population, rv, 598 See also Skeysehamish. Skedans. See Skee dans. Skee dans, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Skeena Indians, v, 487 census, Vv, 487 Indian names for divisions of, v, 487 language spoken, v, 487 location, v, 487 Skeetsomish (Sketsomish), location, 11, 572 population, 11, 572, 609; v, 706 See also Skitsaih ; Coeur d’Alene. Skeina, a Klamath River village, 111, 150 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 215 Skeletal remains, period of decomposi- tion, Iv, 129 See also Bones; Skulls. Skeleton, gigantic animal, exhibition, 1, 174 “Skeleton in armor,” at Fall River, men- tioned, m1, 88 discussion of, 1, 127-128 Skenando, Young, vocabulary, m1, 482 Skenandoa(h), Chief, 111, 22; vi, 277, 504, 647 an Oneida, v, 130 at Canandaigua council, v1, 326 biography, v, 509-518 burial, v, 515, 517 character, v, 509, 510, 511, 514 death, v, 517 friendly to colonies, v1, 280 oratory, 1, 198; Iv, 627; v, 154, 516, 518 part taken in Revolutionary War, v, 514 personal appearance, v, 509, 514 See also Shenandoah. S’ke-tehl-mish, location, v, 703; v1, 703 population, v, 703; v1, 703 Sketsomish. See Skeetsomish. Skeysehamish (Skeywhamish, Skey- whomish, Skywhamish), a Sin-a- ho-mish band, v, 704 brief account of, v, 701 location, v, 704; v1, 703 population, 1, 521; v, 704; v1, 688, 701, 703 Skico, plot revealed by, vi, 91 Skidegate. See Skitt de gates. Skidegattz, a linguistic family, m1, 402 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Skidi. See Pani-Mahaws; Pawnee Loups. Skihawamish. See Skea-wa-mish; Skeysehamish. Skilelamo, v1, 213 Skilloot, location, rm, 571 population, m1, 571, 609 See also Caloait. Skin dressing, first process in, 1, 91 illustration of, mu, 67 implement used, 1, 91 implements, illustrated, 1, 516 method, 1, 64; 111, 214; 1v, 60-61; v, 692 work of women, I, 91; 11, 515 216 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [ Bull. 152 Skin, Indian, characteristics, 1v, 59, 69, | Skulls—Continued 350 color, 11, 320; v1, 573 peculiarity, v, 216 Skins used as currency, 1, 178; m1, 207 used in pictography, vi, 607 See also Furs. Skitsaih, classification, m1, 402 See also Skeetsomish. Skitswish. See Conerd Helene; Coeur d’Alene; Skeetsomish; Skitsaih ; Stietshoi. Skittagetan family. See Skidegattz. Skitt de gates, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 S’klallams (Skal-lum, bands, v, 703 language, Iv, 600 location, Iv, 598; v, 7038; v1, 703 population, Iv, 598; v, 491; v1, 703 See also Clallam. Skloo, fortifications erected by, vi, 613 Skokomish (Shokomish, Sko-sko-mish), brief account of, v, 701 language, Iv, 600 location, Iv, 598; v, 491, 703; vi, 703 population, Iv, 598; v, 491, 703; v1, 703 See also Hokamish. Skookum, evil spirit of Chinooks, vr, 619 evil spirit of Oregon Indians, v1, 6380 Skope-ah-mish, location, v, 703; vi, 703 population, v, 703; vi, 703 Sko-sko-mish. See Skokomish. Skreellings, driven from New England, v, 97 identified as Esquimaux, 11, 28 occupants of Vinland, v1, 742 Sktahlejum (Sk-tah-le-jum), a Sin-a- ho-mish band, v, 704 location, v, 704; v1, 703 population, v, 704; v1, 703 See also Skuck-stan-a-jumps. Skuck-stan-a-jumps, language, Iv, 600 location, rv, 598 population, rv, 598 Skulls, artificial modification, m, 323- 328 Chenook, illustrated, m, 318, 320, 322 description, 11, 316-3817 facial angle, vi, 574 Sklal-lums), internal capacity, vi, 574 necromantic use of, tv, 489-490 of early man, 1, 319 of the Eskimo, v, 291 supposed Congaree, described, Iv, 168-169 Winnebago compared with Chenook, II, 333 Winnebago, illustrated, m, 324 See also Crania. Skwalz, classification, m1, 402 See also Nisqually. Slakagulgus, a Creek town, v, 262 Slave Indians, beard, 11, 322 Slavery, absent among Dacotahs, tv, 63 among Appalachian tribes, v, 498 among Cherokees, v1, 442, 531 among Creeks, v, 259-260 among Puget Sound Indians, Iv, 600 among southern tribes, v1, 332 captives sold into, 1, 115 Indians sold into, by Whites, 11, 20; 1, 22 See also Slaves. Slaves, Chinook, buried with the dead, rag al Creek, census of, tv, 575-581 degradation, 31, 116 in United States, statistics, rv, 610 living, buried with the dead, m, 71 made of captives, 1, 116 number among the Navaho, 1, 244 sacrifice of, for the dead, v1, 622 status, m1, 216 treatment, v, 654 use made of, by Creeks, v1, 417 See also Captives. Slaves, Negro, owned by Chickasaw, v, 482 owned by Creeks, v, 483 Sleeping Stone, reference to massacre of, v1, 119 Sloat, Commodore, m, 119 Smak shop (Smockskop) band, loca- tion, m1, 114 population, m1, 570, v, 706 Sma-léh-hu (Smalehhu), a Skagit divi- sion, v, 704 location, v, 704; v1, 703 population, v, 704; v1, 703 Smalihu. See Sma-léh-hu. Nichols] Smallpox, among prairie tribes, 11, 254 among the Winnebago, Iv, 232 among western tribes, v1, 486-487 Indian treatment for, I, 234; 111, 295; Iv, 512 ravages of, I, 257-258; u, 239; 111, 107; vi, 556. Small Wolf, a Comanche chief, 11, 128 Smel-ka-mish, location, v, 703; vi, 703 population, v, 703; v1, 703 Smith, Buckingham, 1, 84 translations by, 11, 297 Smith, Capt. David, 1, 311 Smith, Charles Hamilton, theory of, I, 22 Smith, Lt., Constantine, death of, v1, 471 Smith, Jedediah S., explorations of, 111, 136 map made by, 11, 136 Smith, Capt. John, 11, 19, 29; vi, 128 Chesapeake Bay explored by, v1, 131 expedition joined by, v1, 96 New England named by, vi, 104 New England tribes listed by, v, 218 saved by Pocahontas, v1, 97 Smith, John S., vocabulary collected by, 111, 446 Smith, Rev. Lewis, v, 689 Smith, Mr., estimates of number of war- riors, made by, m1, 558-561 Smith, President, criticism of essay by, v, 82 Smith, Dr. Thomas, theory of, on races of mankind, v, 288-289 Smith’s River, application of the name, Im, 137 Smithsonian Institution, Iv, 132; v1, 232, 602 publication issued by, Iv, 547, 548 suggestion to Regents of, Iv, 657- 661 Smockskop band. See Smak shop. Smoking introduced among Dacotahs, rm, 244 See also Peace pipe; Pipes; Smok- ing customs; Tobacco. Smoking customs, 1, 72-75 conclusions drawn from, 1, 73-74 in ceremonies, v, 169-170 See also Pipes; Tobacco. Smoot, Col. B. L., rv, 630 Smulkamish. See Smel-ka-mish. Snag, Shoshoni chief, v, 198 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “YU. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Paley Snake. See Serpents. Snake Indians, 111, 632; v1, 695, 698 band of Shoshonies, v1, 697 census, VI, 556 characteristics, 1, 219 classification, 111, 402; rv, 551 cooking pots, 1, 61 country of, described, 1, 208-211 deseription, 1, 202 diversified dialects of, 1, 206 food, 1, 221 included in Shoshonee group, 1, 197 language of, cognate with Comache, rm, 403 population, 1, 521, 522; v, 498; vz, 689, 695 synonym of Shoshonies, v, 198 territory inhabited by, 1, 206; v1, 556 war ground of, 1, 200 See also Green River Snakes; Sho- shonees; Soshawnese. Snake River Indians, v1, 697, 698 Snake River Valley, geography, 1, 20S— 211 variations in temperature in, 1, 210 Snakes proper, population, v, 498 Snares, set by children, 11, 50 Sno-ho-mish, language of, 1v, 600 location, Iv, 598 population, rv, 598 See also Sinahamish ; Sinnamish. Snoqualamick (Sno-qual-a-muk, Sno- qual-a-muke, Snoqualimich, Sno- qualmick, Snoqualmook), popu- lation, I, 521; Iv, 598; v, 704; v1, 689, 701, 703 Sno-qual-a-muk (Sno-qual-a-muke). See Snoqualamick. Sno-qual-a-muke, language of, Iv, 600 location, Iv, 598; v, 704; vi, 703 Snoqualimich. See Snoqualamick. Snoqualmick (Snoqualmook, a Sin-a-ho- mish band, v, 704 brief account of, v, 701 See Snoqualamick. Snoqualmook, census of, v, 704 Snoqualmu. See Snoqualamick. Sno-qua-mish, language of, tv, 600 location, Iv, 598 population, 1, 521; 1v, 598; v1, 689, 701 218 Snowshoes, Athapascan, described, v, 177-178 Chippewa female, illustrated, v, 147 illustrations of, 111, 68 making, described, 111, 68 Snow snakes, illustrations, m, 516 instruments used in game, 11, 516 Soccorro. See Socorro. Social organization, antiquity of, m1, 62 Apache, v, 210 Chickasaw, I, 311 Creek, 1, 274-277; v, 279 Delaware, v, 136 necessities for, 1, 207 Snake Indians, 1, 207 See also Caste; Chieftainey ; Fam- ily; Relationship; Tribal organ- ization. Social relations within the tribe, 0, 74-76 Societies. See Secret societies. Society for the Propagation of the Gos- pel among Indians of North America, missions of, vr, 737 Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, work of, v, 502, 503; v1, 734, 735, 736 Society for the Propagation of the Gos- pel in New England, work of, vI, 108, 734, 735, 736 Society of Friends, missionary work of, vI, 737 Society of Jesus, missions of, v1, 735 Society of the United Moravian Breth- ren, missionary work of, v, 502, 503 Sock-a-muke, language of, rv, 600 location, Iv, 598 population, tv, 598 See also Sakumehu. Sock o par toy, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Socorro (Soccorro), m1, 633 population, 1, 519; vi, 689 Sogahatches, a Creek town, v, 262 Soguspogus, a Creek town, v, 262 Sohokies. See Sokokies. Sohoshonee, native name for Shoshonee, I, 206 Soiengarahta. See King Hendrick. Soi it inu, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Sokchit. See So-kéa-keit. So-kéa-keit, a Trinity River village, m1, 139 Sokokies, location, 111, 512 See also Sacos. So-ko-pe-chi, Chief, 111, 404 Sokulk, location, 111, 570 population, m1, 570; v, 706 See also Lokulk. Soledad, population of, 1, 520 Solis, Don Antonio, 1, 19 Solomon, dispatch of vessels by, v, 88 Somers, Sir George, v1, 96 Songs, bewailing the dead, Iv, 71; v1, 621 brevity of; mm, 231 Carib, words and music of, 11, 312 character, 111, 326; Iv, 71 Cherokee, of friendship, v, 564 children’s, to firefly, v, 564 Chippewa, music of, v, 562 words of, v, 559-564 corn husking, v, 563-564 lack, among the Sioux, vi, 70 literal translations, v, 559-564 magic, words of, m1, 223 mnemonic devices used for, 1, 401—- | 411; vi, 606 of Anacoana, I1, 309, 312 of death, 1, 62 of love, Chippewa, v, 559-562 of love, symbols of, 1, 403-404 of the Frog, 111, 329 of the medicine man, v, 439 of the Midawin, vy, 429, 430, 431 of victory, 1, 60-61 of war, 59, 60, 61-62; v, 562 preserved in carved wood, 1, 112 recorded by symbols, 1, 385, 889; 1v, | 251; v, 245 sung to children, rv, 72 | symbols of, explained, 1, 368-380 symbols for, illustrated, 1, 361, 373 | use of music-boards in, 1, 361 use in incantations, v, 397 use in worship, tv, 71-72 Wabeno, pictographs of, v1, 397 synopsis of, 1, 380-381 with translations, v, 611-612 words and meaning of, 1, 362-366, 368-380 See also Chants; Hymns; Music. Nichols] INDEX TO Song-uk-um-ig, brief biography of, 1, 166-167 Sonoma Valley, Indian population of, 1, 634 origin of name of, 111, 421 Sonontwheronons, a synonym of Sene- eas, Iv, 207 Soocheah, derivation of the name, rv, 381 Soos, brief account of, 111, 560 warriors, 111, 566 See also Dakota. Sopete, Spaniards warned by, rv, 30 Soquamish. See Suquamish. Soquoiah, reference to ancestry of, v, 102 See also Sequoia. Sorcerers, classification of, m, 224 harm done by, Iv, 637 Sorcerer’s bowls, described and illus- trated, 1v, 492-494 Sorcery, belief in, of the Dacotahs, 11, 225 See also Witchcraft. Soshawnese (Soshonees), rv, 551 country occupied by, 111, 597 population, m1, 597 See also Shoshonees. Sosokos, bands of, among the “Diggers,” v, 199 Sougohatchee, derivation of the name, Iv, 381 Souharissen, chief of the Neutral Na- tion, Iv, 205 Souhegan River, Indians of, v, 221 Souhegans, origin of the name, v, 221 subservient to Pennacooks, v1, 222 Souikilas, 1m, 559 warriors, estimate of, m1, 557, 559 Soul, beliefs concerning, 1, 33, 83, 87 ; 111, 60, 229, 232; Iv, 70, 225, 665; v, 79; v1, 6387-638, 658, 664 dual nature of, v1, 664, 665 of animals, belief in, v, 408 See also Spirits, of the dead. Souriquois, cooking methods, 1, 81 population, 1, 524; v1, 689 reference to language of, mn, 512 See also Micmacs. Souteus, a synonym of Chippeway, m1, 556 South Bay, Indians of, v1, 703 population, v, 491 936706—54——_15, SCHOOLCRAFT’S 219 South Carolina, antiquities from, illus- trated, v1, 74, 179 antiquities of, rv, 155-169, 170-172 archeological remains in, 11, 88-89; vI, 182 arrival of Ribault in, v1, 73 attempts to colonize, 1m, 24-27 Indian lands in, 111, 583, 586; v, 480 number of Indians in, 11, 583, 586; v, 480 occupation of, v1, 179 population and area, tv, 610 tribes of, v, 42; vi, 31-32 Southampton River, Indians of, v, 37 South Kingston, R. I., Indian fort at, v1, 162 South Yanktons, a Yankton band, n, 169 Sowahagen Indians, Eliot’s preaching to, v, 233 territory occupied by, v, 233 Sowans, vi, 689 census of, vi, 556 location, vi, 556, 695 population, v1, 695 Sow-a-to, Caddo name for Comanches, “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” m1, 126 Sow-er-ette, chief of Uinta Utahs, rv, 596 Sow ga hatch cha, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 So woe co lo, a Lower Creek town, Iv, 578 Soyennow. See Sagennom. Spaniards, atrocities practiced by, 11, 311 Indian revolt against, v, 206 policy toward Indians, m1, 23-24 Spanish explorations, v1, 38-39; 4447 Spanish Hill, embankments on, v, 667 Sparks, Col. Richard, tv, 629-632 Chief Logan discussed by, tv, 631 Cresap exonerated by, vi, 264, 265 Shawnee captive, Iv, 623, 625 Statement of, Iv, 623-625, 627-629 Spear heads, description of, tv, 159 illustration of, 111, 468 preparation of flints for, 111, 467 Spears, description and use of, 1, 87, 213; 11, 515; 111, 214 illustrations of, m, 516; m1, 214 Species, use of the term, tv, 354 220 Speeches, of Elskatawa, Iv, 259-262 of Logan, Iv, 615 of Thanayeison, Iv, 256 of Wabashaw, Iv, 258-259 See also Oratory. Spelman, Peter, mission of, to Sir Wil- liam Johnson, vi, 132 Spindle, ancient use of, v1, 610 use by Aztecs, Iv, 441-443 Spinning, aboriginal periods indicated by, Iv, 188-1389 among the Caribs, iv, 4438 Aztee method, rv, 441-442 Pueblo, illustrated, v1, 71 See also Weaving. Spirits, beliefs concerning, 111, 231, 232- 233 ; Iv, 636; v, 72-75 evil, belief in, rv, 329, 490-491; v, 404405 exorcism of, v1, 619, 620 explanation of numbers of, v, 416 good and evil, belief in, v, 407-408 ; vi, 658-659 intercessors with, Iv, 638 of ancestors, belief concerning, v, 104 of the dead, mm, 195, 199; 1v, 78 worship of, 1, 492 See also Dryads; Guardian Spirits ; Manitos. Spoak oak hargo, a Creek chief, 1v, 576 Spoak oake micco, a Creek chief, 1v, 576 Spokan. See Spokanes. Spokanes (Spokans), 11, 632; vi, 687 maps showing location, 111, 96, 200 marriage customs, v, 654 nature of lands of, v, 656 population, 1, 521; v, 490, 705, 706, 707; v1, 700, 701 territory occupied by, v, 490 See also Larlielo; Sinhumanish. Spoon, Indian, illustration of, 1, 103 Sprague, Capt. John T., census report of, 1, 522 Spring, sacred, in the Navajo country, Iv, 213 Springfield, Mass., Indian attack on, vi, 160 Squahsinawmish (Squaks’namish), brief account of, v, 700 census, v, 704 See also Quash-sua-mish. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Squai-aitl, a Sa-wa-wish band, v, 703 location, v, 703; v1, 703 population, v, 703; v1, 703 Squaks’namish. See Squahsinawmish, Squalliamish (Squalli-ah-mish, Squally- ah-mish, Squallyamish), bands of, v, 703 brief account of, v, 701 census, v, 704 language, Iv, 600 location, Iv, 598; v, 703; v1, 703 population, tv, 598; v, 703; v1, 701, 703 Squalli-ah-mish. See Squalliamish. Squally-ah-mish. See also Nisqually ; Oualliamish; Skwalz; Squalli- amish ; Squallyamish. Squam, origin of name, v, 221 Squamacross, population of, v, 706 See also Squannaroos., Squamsauke, origin of name, v, 221 Squamscotts, derivation of name, VY, 222-223 location, v, 223 members of Pennacook Confeder- acy, Vv, 222 Squa-na-mish, language of, Iv, 600 location, Iv, 598 population, iv, 598 Squannaroos, location of, 111, 572 population, 11, 572 See also Squamacross. Squares, public, Creek, described, v, 264-265 diagram showing, v, 264 use of, v, 265 Squaxon. See Quash-sua-mish ; Squah- sinawmish. Squeailips (Squiaelps), population of, I, 521; vi, 701 See also Ponderas Squiaelps. See Squeailips. Squiatl. See Squai-aitl. Squier, Ephraim G., discussion of work of, Iv, 116 reference to work of, 1, 47 Squier, E. G., and Davis, Dr., work of, vi, 602 Squinamish, a Skagit division, v, 704 location, v, 704; v1, 703 population, v, 704; v1, 703 Nichols] Srootlema-mish, language of, Iv, 600 location, Iv, 598 population. rv, 598 See also Shotiemamish. Stafford, Captain, mission of, v1, 92 Staitan. See Marlain. Staktamish (Staktomish), count of, v, 701 census, v, 704 Stanley, Mr., Indian population esti- mated by, vi, 698 Stansbury, Capt., 111, 493 ; rv, 252 Starling, E. A., report of, rv, 598-602 Stars, beliefs concerning, 1, 271, 272: I, 276 Indian knowledge of, m1, 228 See also Constellation. Statements, financial, by Indian Office, 1, 561-564; 1v, 569-570 of Creek annuities, tv, 571 of investments by Creeks, rv, 571 Tegarding public lands, m1, 590-592 Statistical tables concerning Indians, TI, 5538-634 Statistics, and population, m, 545-608; Iv, 565-610; v, 479-506 concerning Indians of upper Missis- sippi, m1, 562-569 difficulties in obtaining, 1, 486 fiscal, relating to Indians, v1, 719- 725 of education and Christianity, v1, 731-741 of fur trade, v1, 726-730 vital and industrial, 1, 439-524 Stature of American Indians, m, 317- 318; 1v, 349-350 Staughton, Capt., part taken by, in Pequot War, vi, 122 Staved Rock, v, 192 brief ac- Stealing. See Theft. Steam-bath. See Sweat-house; Vapor- bath. Steatite, pipes made of, v, 178 Stehchasamish, a Sawamish band, v, 703 location, v, 703; v1, 703 population, v, 703; vz, 703 See also Stitchassamish. Stehllum, a S’kallam band, v, 703 location, v, 703; v1, 703 population, v, 491, 703; v1, 703 Stehtlum. See Stehllum. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 221 Stehtsasamish. See Steh-cha-sa-mish; Stitchassamish. Steilacoom, rv, 599 Steilacoomish (Steil-a-coom-a-mish), lo- cation, v, 491, 7038; v1, 703 population, v, 491, 703; v1, 703 Stem, Jesse, reports by, 111, 635; v1, 699 Stephens, John L., petition signed by, I, 618 Stephens and Catherwood, antiquities described by, vi, 582 Steppes or terraces of western New York, 1, 163-165 Sterility among Indians, m1, 211 Sterling, Capt., m1, 307-308 Stetson, L., petition signed by, 11, 618 Stevens, Gov. I. IL, v, 50 expedition under, tv, 181 population report by, v, 703, 704, 705; v1, 698, 700 reference to survey by, v, 664, 665 report of, on the Blackfeet, v1, 698- 699 report of, quoted, v1, 612 Stevens, W. J., 11, 155 Stevenson, Andrew, communication ad- dressed to, m1, 588 Stewart, H. H., acknowledgment to, 11, 375 Stietshoi (Stietshos), maps showing lo- cation of, m1, 96, 200 See also Stitswish. Stietshos. See Stietshoi. Stikeen, tribes trading at, v, 489 Stikeen Indians, v, 489 census, v, 489 divisions, v, 489 language, v, 489 Stikine. See Stikeen. Stiles, Dr., v1, 602 Stilla-qua-mish, language, tv, 600 location, Iv, 598 population, rv, 598 See also Stoluchwamish. Stillman, Maj., retreat of, before Black Hawk, vi, 451 Stitchassamish (Stitcheosawmish), brief account of, v, 700 See also Stehchasamish. Stitcheo-saw-mish, language of, rv, 600 location, ry, 598 population, rv, 598 See Stitchassamish. 222 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (Bull. 152 Stitcheycornoleo, of Tuck a batch cha | Stoluchwamish, location of, v, 704; v1, Town, Iv, 575 St-ka-mish, location of, v, 703; v1, 703 population, v, 703; v1, 703 Stockaded works encountered by De Soto, Iv, 124 Stockbridge language, dialect, 11, 341 Stockbridges, v1, 488, 687, 689 admitted to Delaware bands, tv, 572 also called Mohegans, v, 41 at Canandaigua convocation, vr, 326 census, 111, 621-628 classification, v, 145 condition, after removal, vi, 542, 544 conference with, v, 667 country occupied by, v1, 705 funds required for, m, 573 in Kanzas, payments made to, v1, 720 location, m1, 583; v, 495; vi, 504 map showing, m1, 96 migrations, vi, 504, 505 missing work among, vi, 734, 737, 738 name for Mohicans, v1, 324 on Delaware lands, Iv, 572 original home, v, 495 population, 1, 524; m1, 583; 1v, 572; v, 495; vi, 689, 705, 707 received by the Oneidas, rv, 563 reference to dialect of, 111, 96 removal, vi, 536 condition after, v1, 542, 544 See also Housatonics; Stockbridges, West ; Stockbridges and Munsees. Stockbridges, West, census of, 1, 488-497 geographical position, 1, 488 Stockbridges and Munsees, fiscal statis- ties relating to, vi, 722 investments for, m, 563 population, v1, 707 removal, m, 551; rv, 463 See also Stockbridges ; Munsees. Stoicism, absence of among Klamath River Indians, m1, 176 Indian characteristic, m1, 58, 212 Indian, m1, 245; 1v, 54; v, 56, 105 See also Imperturbability. an Algonquin 703 population of, v, 491, 704; v1, 703 See also Stilla-qua-mish. Stone, Charles, murder of, 111, 109 Stone, Col. W. L., biographer of Joseph Brant, tv, 345, 526 Stone, Aztec sacrificial, description of, vi, 586 Stone, sculptured, Mexican, v1, 579, 585- 587 pipes of, 1, 72-75 See also Inscriptions. Stone bill. See Mace. Stone Giants. See Stonish Giants. Stone heaps, a memorial to the dead, Iv, 156 purpose of, v, 104; v1, 613 significance of, m1, 174 supposed use of, m1, 206 Stone mirrors of the Peruvians, de- scribed, v, 91-92 Stones, discoidal, description of, 1, 82- 83 illustration of, 1, 86 painted, symbolic use of, 111, 229 perforated, 1, 170 Stones and story telling. See Tales. Stonestreet, Rev. Charles, v, 699 Stonework. See Implements; Pipes; Tubes; Weapons. Stonington, Mohegans at, 1, 524 Stonington Indians, land claimed by, m1, 583 location, m1, 583 population, m, 583 Stonish (Stone) Giants, description of, I, 480 illustration showing, 1, 430 Indian name for mail-clad men, I, 430 legend of, v, 6387, 642 Stonoes, subordinate tribe of the Ca- tawbas, v1, 179 Story, Judge, v, 104 name suggested by, v, 287 Strahlenberg, inscriptions copied from, I, 424 Straits of Fuca, Indians of, v1, 703 Streams diminishing toward outlet, 1, 208 Nichols] “Striking the Post,’’ ceremony of, 10, 64 illustration of, 111, 64 Strong, Leonard, signer of Indian treaty, vi, 144 Strong-bows, v, 179 an Athapascan tribe, m1, 542 population of, 1, 27 Strong Ground, 1, 161, 162 Strope, Sebastian, family of, captured by Indians, v, 670 Structures, Indian, v, 391-393 Strut, J. M., m1, 377 Stuart, Capt., saved by Attakullakulla, vi, 241 Stump, Stoffel, rv, 325, 330, 335, 340 Sualatine (Sualtine), population of, 1, 521, vi, 689, 701 Subsistence. See Food; Dwellings. “Succutash,” an Indian dish, 1, 80 Suchamier (Suckamier) Indians, 1, 521; vi, 689 Sudbury, attacked by Indians, v1, 165 Sugar camp, illustration of, 11, 59 Sugar-Haters. See Penointik-ara. Sugarmaking described, m, 55-56 Sugar-pines, description of, m1, 154-155 Sug-waum-dug-ah-win-ine-wug, separa- tion of, from Ojibwas, 1, 139 Suiaton and Wapaton Sioux, popula- tion of, v1, 707 Suicide, causes of, v, 272 Sukkwan. See Shou a gan. Sullivan, Gen., expedition commanded by, vi, 808-311 fort erected by, v, 667 Indians defeated by, v, 667 result of expedition of, v1, 312 Sumach, use of, tv, 248 Sumdum. See Tako, Sitka Indians. Sumner, Col., expedition of, 1v, 210 Sumonpavi, population of, 1, 519 Sun, as a symbol of deity, v, 407 belief concerning, 1, 271; Iv, 236, 239; v, 416 dance to, Iv, 63 pictorial representations of, v, 402 reference to supplications to, v, 69 symbols of, in pictography, v1, 629 temple to, v, 89 Sun dance, performance of, Iv, 63 Clothing; Samdan and INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 223 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Sunday, John, the evangelist, 1, 396 Sundown, mention of trial of, for mur- der, v, 669 Sunkive fork, fortifications on, v1, 613 Sunrise, mention of ceremony at, v, 170 Sunset Indians, a synonym of Natchez, v, 260 Sun worship, 1, 30; v1, 626-630 among Aztecs and Toltecs, 111, 60 among tribes of United States re- gion, m1, 227; v, 103-104 as evidence of Toltec influence, Iv, 148 at Cuzco, v, 94 ceremony of, v, 68 evidence of prevalence of, v, 63-64 explained by Indian prophet, Iv, 639 foundation of Indian religion, v, 29 illustration showing, 111, 227 in Mexico, v, 103 indicating Indian origin, v, 69 north of Mexico, v1, 592-593 northward trend of, Iv, 123 of American Indians, Iv, 664-665 of Florida tribes, v, 99 of Peruvians, reference to, v, 63 of the Natchez, Iv, 123; v, 68 origin of, 1, 30 songs indicating, v, 64 spread of, v, 30 widespread practice of, 1v, 639 Superstitions, of the Algonquins, VI, 658-663 See also Beliefs. Suquamish (Soquamish, Su-qua-mish), and Toanda, population of, v, 705 brief account of, v, 700 census, v, 704 location, v, 703; v1, 703 population, v, 703; v1, 703 Surgery, of the Winnebagoes, Iv, 243 Sursees. See Sarsees. Survey of Northern Railroad Route, v, 665 Sus ke ne hau of Tuck a bat cha Town, Iv, 575 Susquehanna, Indian pronounciation of, v, 669 Susquehanna River, Indians of, v, 38, 137, 188, 668; v1, 714 224 Susquehannah Valley, difficulties of settlers in, 1v, 618 tribes of, Iv, 617 Susquehannas (Susquehannocks), 617; v, 122; vi, 105 brief description of, v1, 128 colony in territory of, v1, 744 extermination, v, 137; vi, 180, 145 final disposition, v1, 186 history, v1, 134-136, 142-145 hostilities, with colonists, v1, 148 identical with Conestogues, vi, 1388 land ceded by, vi, 144 language, vi, 140, 141 name, discussion of, v1, 177 population, v1, 131 synonym of Andastes, v1, 138 territory claimed by, v1, 134 occupied by, v, 38; vi, 32, 131 See also Andastes ; Conestogo. Susquehannocks. See Susquehannas. Sussees. See Sarsees. Sussetons (Susseeton, Sussetonwah), a division of the Sioux, u, 168, 169; m1, 612 synonym of the Sissetons, v1, 689 See also Sissitons. Suwanee River, probable derivation of name, mI, 29 Swagatchey, tribe dwelling at, v1, 714 Swamscot, origin of name, v, 221 Swan, Maj. Caleb, account by, of Creek Indians, v, 251-2838 Creek arts described by, v, 691-693 Creek towns listed by, vz, 369 journal of, v, 253-254 reference to visit of, to the Creeks, v, 660 James G., burial described by, v1, 619-623 Swan Creek and Black River Chippe- was, Iv, 461 population of, 1, 524; v1, 689 Sweat bath. See Vapor-bath. Sweat-house, Clear Lake described, m1, 107 See also Vapor-bath lodge. Swedish colony on the Delaware, v1, 137 Swedish settlement, purchase of land for, vi, 142 Sweet potato. See Batata. Sweet-water Valley, described, 1, 201 Swegachi Indians, vi, 230 IV, Swan, customs Indian, BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Swiss missionaries, labors of, v, 697 Swo-da-mish, a Skagit division, v, 704 location, v, 704; v1, 703 population, v, 704; v1, 703 Sybert’s Fort, Shawnee massacre of garrison at, vi, 300 Symbolism, in pictographs, 11, 68 in worship, 11, 68 of black, 11, 68 of the serpent, v, 105 Symbols, animal, use of, 11, 273 use of, by Indians, Iv, 251-252; v, 245 use of, in heraldry and records, 111, 273 use of, to convey messages, 306-308 See also Pictographs. Symbols, mnemonic, for music, 1m, 226—- 228 for music, illustrated, m1, 228 use of, 1, 401-411 See also Mnemonic devices. Symington, Rev. R. 8., acknowledgment to, m1, 376 Syphilis, treatment for, rv, 515 T Tabah-téa, language of, 111, 112 Tabeau, M., m1, 355 Tab-hu-sea, Chief, rv, 540 Yabittikis, number of warriors of, 1, 555 See also Abittibi. Taboos, among the Sioux, 11, 175 concerning food, Iv, 214 concerning names, 11, 196 concerning names of the dead, tv, 226; vi, 633 concerning species of hawk, m1, 273 Dacotah, m1, 230 during busk ceremonials, v, 268 food, California Indians, v, 215, 217 Clear Lake Indians, 11, 113 Wee-yot, tr, 128 menstrual, m1, 227, 230; v, 70, 271 strict observance of, m1, 243 See also Catamenial customs. Tacco, tribes visiting, v, 489 Tacecully. See Tacullies. Taciturnity, an Indian trait, rm, 59 Tacitus, quoted on the Silures, v, 34 Taconnet. See Taughtanakagnes. Nichols] Tacquimenon River, census of Indians of, 1, 458-467 Tachies, classification of, 111, 402 Tacullies (Taccully, Taheuli, Tecullies, Tucullies), an Athapascan tribe, i, 542 classification, 111, 401 cremation practiced by, 1, 102; v, 29, 59 population, 1, 28 Ta-eeteetan, a Stikeen River tribe, v, 489 census, v, 489 Taensa, mention of language of, v, 99 Tagas, location, v1, 710 Taheuli or Carriers. See Tacullies. Tah-ga-yu-ta, Indian name for Logan (q. V.), Iv, 616, 647 Tahlequah, report on Bible Society at, Iv, 589 Tah-le-wah language, vocabulary of, 11, 440-445 Tah-le-wah vocabulary, possible use of, ti, 422 Tah-le-wahs. See Tol-e-wahs. Tahlkoedi. See Talquatee. Tah-wac-car-ros (Tah-wae-carras), name for Comanches, 11, 126 population of, 1, 518; v1, 708 See also Tawakoni. Tah-wae-carras. See Tah-wac-car-cos. Taignoagny, a captive Iroquois, v1, 54, 55 Taikus. See Tagas. Tai-tin-a-pam (Taitinapan, pain), v, 490 location, v, 490, 703; v1, 703 population, v, 490, 703; v1, 703 Takawaros, treaty with, v1, 489 See also Tawakoni. Takimilding. See Up-le-goh. Tako, Samdan and Sitka Indians, cen- sus of, v, 489 Taku. See Tako. Takug, Chief, Hurons led by, at Siege of Detroit, 11, 281 Takulli. See Tacullies. Takuxkanxkan, a Dakotah god, vi, 651 description of, 1v, 645 Talassehatchi. See Tal lese hatch ee. Talatui, an upper California language, ri, 402 Tintina- INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “UY. §. INDIAN TRIBES” 225 Tales, Indian, analysis of, v, 246 mind revealed by, v, 411 Tales, telling of, 11, 233, 314, 492; rv, 70 transformation the basis of, v1, 662 See also Allegory ; Legends; Origin traditions. Talise, a fortified village, rv, 124 a synonym for Tallisee (q. v.), 0, 34 Talladega (Talledega), a Creek town, Iv, 576, 578 battle at, v1, 367, 370, 379 leading men of, Iv, 576 Tallageewi (Tallagewy; Talligewi), a name for the Alleghans, v, 98, 133 identified as Cherokee, 11, 36; v1, 33 See Tallagewy. Tallagewy. See also Allegans; Chero- Kee. Tallahassee, derivation of the name, tv, 381 wintering place of De Soto, 111, 40 Tallapoosa (Tallapoosee) River, bat- tles on, with Indians, v1, 371-372, 402 description of, v, 256-257 Tallapoosa River region, Indians of, v1, 32 Tal la se hatch ee (Tullushatches town), an Upper Creek town, trv, 578 battle at, v1, 367, 370, 379 Tal la se mic co, chief of Hatchee- chubba, tv, 580 Tallassees, attitude of, War, vi, 469 Talledega. See Talladega. Tallequah, general council at, 1, 277 Tallialtus, chief of the Maquelnoten, v1, 702 Talligewi. See Tallageewi. Tal lip se hogy, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Tallisee (Talisee), an Upper town, Iv, 575, 578 chiefs of, Iv, 575 derivation of name, tv, 380 Tallmadge, James, petition signed by, ‘I, 618 Tally, Chief, rv, 593 Tally’s band, robbed of horses, rv, 593 in Seminole Creek 226 Talmachussa, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Talmanetesa, chief of the Tototen, v1, 702 Tal marse har jo, a Coweta Town chief, Iv, 579 Tal qua tee, a Stikeen River tribe, v, 489 census, v, 489 Tamajabs, m1, 298 Tamanend, m1, 57 Tamarais. See Tamaroas. Tamaroas (Tamarais, Tamorois), an- nuities of, m, 588 missionary work among, VI, 735 warriors, number of, 11, 555 Tamaulipas, antiquities in, v1, 581 Tamenund,. See Tammany. Tammany (Tamenund), y, 121 a Manhattan, v, 130 country ruled by, v1, 744 Tamor of Sathoual, pictograph made by, 1, 480 Tamorois. See Tamaroas. Tampa, Fla., arrival of De Soto at site of, v1, 59 Tampa Bay, De Soto’s name for, m1, 35 landing place of Narvaez, 111, 28 Narvaez’ name for, m1 35, Tanacharisson, Chief, v1, 224, 237 friend of the English, v1, 219, 228 friendly to Virginians, v1, 278 meeting with Washington, v1, 213, 214 Tan-a-kee, Shoshoni chief, v, 198 Tanico, vi, 66 probable location of, rv, 315 Tanima. See Ten-a-wish. Tanner, John, account of life of, Iv, 536 Gospel translated by, rv, 5386-537 Tanning of leather, unknown to In- dians, 111, 66 Tanochtitlan, founding of, v1, 596 Tanoque, Indian name for Galisteo, 1m, 298 Tanoquevi, population of, 1, 519 See also Harno. Tansauhot-dinneh, the Copper-mine In- dians, m1, 542 Tantos. See Tontos. 734, BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull, 152 Taoapa. See Little Six’s band. Taos, tv, 216 Braba identified as, 1v, 39 language of, v, 689 population, 1, 519; 111, 633; v1, 689, 697, 709 See also Braba. Taos Indians, emigration of, 1v, 221 Taos Utahs, a division of the Utahs, v1, 697 Tapanses (Tappensees), location of, v1, 147 origin, vr, 116 Tappan (Tappensees). See Tapanses. Tapuyas, location of, m1, 533 Tarenyawago(n), I, 18, 18; 111, 528 an Iroquois divinity, v, 157; vz, 188 Iroquois belief concerning, v, 75 story of, 111, 314-317 See also Tau-lon-ghy-au-wan-goon. Tarhe, Shawnee chief, at treaty nego- tiations, v1, 3380 called “the Crane,” vi, 344 condemned to stake, Iv, 258 death of, v, 141; vi, 353 treaty signed by, v1, 344 Tarranteens. See Tarratines. Tarratines (Tarranteens, Tarrenteens, Terentines, Tarentines), a name given to Micmacs, v, 219 enemies of Pennacooks, v, 231 listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 name for the Abenakis (Abinaqui), m1, 513; vi, 174 war of extermination waged by, v, 219 See also Abnaki. Tartary, inscriptions of, 1, 424 Tascalusa (Tascaluza). See Tusca- loosa. Tash-huan-ta, a Trinity River village, no, 1389 Tatobam, v1, 111 Tatsanottine. See Copper-mine Indi- ans. Tattooed People, Arapaho name for themselves, v, 496 Tattooing, among the Bonaks, Iv, 223 among the Wee-yot, m1, 127 custom of, m, 220 of the Klamath, rm, 142, 175 tribes practicing, v, 216 Nichols] INDEX TO Taughtanakagnes, listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Tau-lon-ghy-au-wan-goon, myth concern- ing, v1, 668-670 Tawacanies (Tawacarros, Tawakeroes), brief account of, 1, 239-240 classification, m1, 402 population, vi, 689 See also Tawakoni. Tawacarros. See Tawacanies. Tawackguano, a synonym of Nanticokes (Gea) pie alba Ta-wai-ta, Chief, v, 653 Tawakeroes. See Tawacanies. Tawakoni. See Tah-wac-carros; Taka- waros; Tawacanies; Towacar- ros; Towekas; Yo-w0c-o-nees. Tawanaheh, an Osage chief, 1v, 274 Ta-wan-e-ars, Indian name of Governor Blacksnake, v, 673 Tawanima, an Arkansas village, 111, 537 Tawas, brief account of, 111, 560 estimate of warriors, m1, 560 See also Ottawas. Tawasas, a Creek town, Vv, 262 Tawehash. See Torinash; Tow-e-ash. Taw-nee-nuk-kaw (Taw-ne-nuk-kaw), an account of, Iv, 235 tradition related by, Iv, 230 Winnebago war chief, tv, 51 Taw-nu-nuk’s Band, census of, 1, 498- 507 Taw warsa, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Taxes, paid in cotton, rv, 443-444 See also Tribute. Taylor, Gen., v1, 476 Taylor, Zachary, Fort Harrison de- fended by, vi, 359 Tay-waugh language, pueblos speaking, v, 689 Tchai-noh, a Klamath River village, 1m, 150 Tcho-ko-yem, a band of Sonoma Valley, mi, 421 Tcho-ko-yem language, vocabulary of, TI, 428-434 Tcho-lo-lah, name for Bald Hill Indians (q. V.), I, 139 Tchuckti, classification of, rv, 559 Tchudi, opinion of, regarding Peruvian skulls, um, 326 Tchuktchi, dialect of, 11, 28 SCHOOLCRAFT’S “YU. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Doe Teananstayae, a Huron town, Iv, 206 Tecarahaga, meaning of term, II, 62; Iv, 480-481 Tecomimoni, m1, 556 number of warriors, 111, 556 Tecpanecs of Acapulco, Chichemecas displaced by, v, 95 chronology of dynasty of, v, 97 Tecpanics, m1, 515 Tecullies. See Tacullies. Tecumseh, 1, 17-18; m1, 57, 59; rv, 115, 557; v, 189, 141; v1, 248, 449, 647 activities of, Iv, 258, 259 actual position of, tv, 481 at Detroit, v1, 382 death of, in battle, v1, 363 doctrine of, v, 151 influence of, 111, 279; v1, 365 opposition to advance of Whites, v, 45 protests to British generals, v1, 363 war instigated by, vi, 357-363, 374 Tediscund, a Delaware chief, v1, 1382 Teepee. See Lodge. Tehona, a synonym of Tigonex, Iv, 40 Tehoseroron, Indian name for Buffalo, N. Y., 1v, 563 meaning of name, Iv, 563 Tejas (Teyans, Teyas), country inhab- ited by, Iv, 37 guides for Coronado, tv, 31 identified as Comanches, Iv, 35 map showing location, Iv, 39 name of Texas derived from, Iv, 35 probable identity, 1v, 35 See also Texas tribes. Tejon Reservation, condition of Indians on, vi, 715-716 population, vi, 715 Tejuas, at Moqui village, 111, 298 color of, m1, 298 map showing location of, 11, 96 See also Tesuque. Telhuemit, population of, v1, 702 Temple, Natchez, ceremony at, v, 170 description of, vI, 627 Temple, Sir Thomas, land granted to, v, 675 Temples, northern limit of, rv, 123 Tenaktak. See Tenuckttan. Tenawa, a Comanche division, 1, 230; v, 575 region occupied by, 1, 230 228 Ten Broeck, Dr. P. G. S., v, 203 extracts from journal of, Iv, 72-91 Zuni population estimated by, v, 484 Tennent, Wm., missionary work of, vI, 734 Tennessee, admission of, to the Union, vi, 393 Indian lands in, mu, 584, 586 Indian population of, m1, 584, 586; v, 481 population and area of, rv, 610 Tennessee River, former name Of, v1, 238 Tenpenny Utahs, a division of the Utahs, vi, 697 population of, v1, 697 See also Timbabachis. Tensaw, Creek attack on fort at, v1, 362 Tenskwatawa. See Elskwatawa. Tenuchtitlan, founding of, v1, 742 Te-nuckt-tau, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census of, v, 488 Tenuskund, reference to speech of, VI, 300 Teocalli, meaning of the name, v, 29 mounds likened to, m, 83, 84 Te-ok-a-wilk, hill tribe near Humboldt Bay, 111, 133 Teotl, the Aztec Creator, Iv, 664 Teotoguiaton, a town of the Neutral Na- tion, Iv, 207 Teoyaomiqui, a Mexican goddess, v1, 645 idol, illustrated, v1, 636 Tepia (wild rice), illustration showing gathering of, v1, 552 search for, v1, 617 Terentines. See Tarratines. Terms of relationship, applied to tribes, I, 265, 268 by marriage, m1, 131 peculiarities of, m1, 50 Ter-ret-e-ma, at Shoshone peace coun- cil, Iv, 596 Terry, David, report on missions signea by, v, 700 Tescocans, v1, 596 Tesuque (Tusuque, Zesuqua), language of, v, 689 population, m1, 633; v1, 689, 709 vocabulary from, 111, 446-459 See also Tejuas. Tetans. See Tetons. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Tétes de Boule (Tete Bouleos), 111, 556 also called Nopemings, v, 41 country occupied by, 111, 559 totems, m1, 556 warriors, number of, m1, 553, 559 See also Gens de Terre. Tetons (Tetans), a Dakotah band, v1, 350 census, VI, 556 classification, 111, 402 ; v1, 689 division of the Sioux nation, 1, 169 fortifications, v, 100-101 map of, v, 100 language, 111, 563; v, 494 leading men, 111, 569 location, v, 494; v1, 556, 695 other names for, 111, 563 population, 1, 524; 111, 563; v, 494; vi, 689, 695 trade, 111, 564 tribal relations, 111, 567 warriors, number of, 111, 563 See also Sioux of the Meadows; Titons. Teu-a-wish, a Comanche division, 1, 127 meaning of name, 11, 127 Te-ve-re-wena, Chief, band of, v, 201 meaning of name, v, 201 Tewa. See Tejuas; Tesuque. Tewa language. See Tay-waugh lan- guage; Tesuque. Texanos, map showing location, HO, 28 name for Texas tribes, 11, 3438 Texas, Delawares in, v, 141 Indian population, 1, 518, 523; 111, 6385; v, 483; v1, 708 lack of aboriginal monuments in, Iv, 115; v, 4838 law regarding Indians, vr, 708 name, derivation of, Iv, 35 population and area, tv, 610 relations of government, with the Indians, 1, 240-241 removal of tribes from, tv, 473 tribes of, 1, 518; v1, 34 described, 1, 229-241 See also Texas tribes. Nichols] Texas tribes, account of v, 682-685 classification, m1, 343 list of, 1, 518 missionary work among, VI, 734 name for, VI, 34 of Northern origin, vi, 699 recommendations concerning, 557-558 southwestern, census of, v, 702 See also Tejas. Teyans. See Tejas. Teyas. See also Tejas. Tezeocans (Tezcucons, 106 discussion of migration of, v, 101— 102 name for Acolhuans, v, 96 Valley of Mexico occupied by, v, 95; vi, 596, 742 See also Acalhuas. Tezcucons. See Tezcocans. Tezon (Tézou), vi, 69, 70 Tézou, death of, Iv, 22 tale of, by Seven Cities, Iv, 22 Thames River, battle on, vz, 363 former name of, vi, 117, 126 Indians on, vi, 110 naming of, v1, 124 Thanayeison, speech of, Iv, 256 Thayendenegea (Thyendanagea), 57; vi, 313, 357 Indian name of Brant, rv, 345, 481 See also, Brant, Joseph. “The Turk.” See El Turco. “The Weirs,” v, 226 Theft, among the Navajoes, rv, 211, 217, 218 among the Sioux, m1, 191 attitude toward, 11, 191 by children, uo, 191 Thick Woodsmen, a branch of the Ojibwa, 1, 139 Thla katch ka, a Lower Creek town, Iv, 578 chiefs of, rv, 579 Thlane hargo, of Che haw Town, rv, 576 Thla nootche aubaneau, derivation of name, Iv, 380 Thiatlogulgau, derivation of name, Iv, 381 Thlingchadinne. See Dog-ribbed tribes; Dogribs. i, Tezcucos), V, TI, INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 229 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Thlingeha-dinneh, an Athapascan tribe, 1, 542 Thlob thloceco (ist), an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Thlob thlocco (2d), an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Thoma, Pierre, medal awarded to, v, 675 Thompson, Col., 111, 294 Thompson, Indian Superintendent, v1, 470 death of, vi, 471 Thompson, Jacob, report made by, 11, 617 Thompson, Mr., of Gold Bluff, m, 145 Thorbrandsson, Snorre, rv, 119 Thorn Apple River band, census of, 1, 478487 Thorne, Capt., death of, m, 114 Thornton, Mr., population report by, v1, 701-702 Three Nations, tribes composing, v1, 132 Three Wells, earthquake at, 1, 109 Throckmorton, deputy marshal, tv, 593 Thunder, dance to appease, Iv, 63 Thunder Bay, Mich., unusual pipe found at, 1, 74 Thunder-bird, ceremony of, illustrated, vI, 353 Dacotah belief in, m1, 233 illustration of, m1, (face 65, pl. 18, fig. 17) representation of, as ornament, II, 58 Thunderers, mythological warriors, v, 409 Thupenebu, treaty signed by, v1, 344 Thyendanagea. See Thayendenegea. Tichenor, Capt., explorations of, 111, 152 Ticonderoga, a Wyandot name, v, 521 derivation of the name, Iv, 384; Vv, 594 meaning of name, 111, 328 Tidal phenomena in the Great Lakes, 1, 170 Tiedemann, opinion of, regarding Peru- vian skulls, m, 326 Tigonex, Alvarado received at, Iv, 26 besieged by Spaniards, Iv, 28 Coronado at, tv, 27, 28, 31 description of, Iv, 27 reached by Alvarado, Iv, 26 230 Tigonex—Continued uncertain identification of, Iv, 34, 39 See also E-nagh-magh. Tigua. See H-nagh-magh; Tigonex. Tihittan. See Ta ee tee tan. Tilhualwits (Tilhulhwit), population of, 1, 521; 111, 632; v1, 689 See also Echeloot; Nishrams; Tel- huemit. Tillamook language. See Killamuck language. Tillamooks, map showing location of, m1, 200 population, 11, 632; v, 492 See also Killamuchs; Nsirtshaus. Timagoon, vi, 74 Timbabachis, map showing location of, m1, 96 See also Tenpenny Utahs. Timber Creek Indians, reference to, VI, 138, 142 Time, reckoning of, v, 419 See Calender stone; Calender sys- tem. Timpaiarats. See Tenpenny Utahs; Timbabachis. Tin, in the Kansas Valley, 1, 157-159; wu, 31 Tintinapain. See Tai-tin-a-pam. Tioga, meaning of the name, rv, 383, 384; v, 594 Tioga Point, conference held at, v, 667 Tioga River, Indian name of, Iv, 332 Tioga village (Ty-o-ga), v1, 182 a former Indian council place, v, 670 See also Diahgo. Tionontates (Dionondades), v1, 232 location of villages of, 1v, 204 See also Petun or Tobacco Indians. Tionontati. See Petun or Tobacco In- dians; Tionontates. Tiorhaasery, an Algonquin chief, v1, 140 meaning of name, vi, 140 Tipi. See Lodge. Tippecanoe, battle of, rv, 258 ; v1, 354-355 Tipton, Gen. John, v1, 497 Tish-r4wa, a village on the Klamath River, 11, 150 Titicaca, skulls of, m, 327, 328 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Bull. 152 Titons (Titonwan), a division of the Sioux, 111, 629 country occupied by, 11, 629 division, 111, 629 leading men, m1, 629 See also Tetons. Titonwan, a grand division of the Da- cotas, I, 249 brief account of, 1, 249 See also Titons. Tiun. See Too. Tkwakwamish. See T’qua-qua-mish. Tlaaluis, See Clallu e is. Tlakluit. See Echeloot; Nishrams; Til- hualwits. Tlalams, map showing location of, m1, 96 See also Clallams. Tlascalan [Aztec] (Tlascallans), 11, 515 cranial measurements of, 11, 335 Tlasealan gateway, deductions drawn from, I, 65 use of principle of, v, 394 Tlascani, classification of, m1, 401 See also Tlatskanai Tlatskanai. See Clackstar nation ; Clat- acamin; Tlascani. Tlauitsis. See Clow et sus. Tlelding. See A-hel-tah. Toak paf car, an Upper Creek town, Iv, 578 Toak parf car Town, a Creek town, Iv, 576 chief of, rv, 576 Toanda and Suquamish, population of, v, 705 See also Toanhooch; Twana. Toanhooch, location of, v, 491, 703; v1, 703 population of, v, 491, 703; v1, 703 See also Twana. Tobacco, a gift of the Great Spirit, rv, 227 Algonquin name for, Vv, 65 American origin of, v, 65 buried with the dead, rv, 54 ceremonial use of, 1, 31; 111, 227; Iv, 141, 637, 639 ; v, 65; v1, 88, 628, 629. grown on Lake Ontario, tv, 205 history and use, Vv, 65 Nichols] Tobacco—Continued introduction, into England, v, 65; vi, 87 origin of name, v, 65 tradition of, m1, 588; Iv, 343 sacred character of, 1, 72-73; rv, 141 solace of the Indian, 0, 77; 111, 69 symbolic use of, v, 393 use, as an offering, 1, 49 as incense, vi, 109 See also Pipes; Smoking customs. Tobacco Indians, identified as Wyan- dots, Iv, 203 slaughter of, 1v, 203 totems, Iv, 204 See also Tionontates. Tobacco plant, trend of migration shown by, Iv, 115, 1382 Tobacco pouches, illustrations, m1, 69 Tobar, Don Pedro de, expedition of, v1, 25, 38 Tockwaghs, a synonym of Nanticoke (q. Ve) Vis Lod Tohopeka, battle of, v1, 372-373 Tohushaqueros, chief of the Cheattes, v1, 702 Tokais, a Cayuga chief, v1, 702 Tol-e-wahs, location of, m1, 139 See also Tah-le-wah. Tolheo, block-house at, 1v, 325 identification of, 1v, 325 Tolmie, W. F., census taken by, v, 704 Tolowa. See Tah-le-wahs; Tol-e-wahs. Tol o war thloc co, a Lower Creek town, Iv, 578 Tol o war thlock o, a Lower Creek town, Iv, 580 Toltec civilization, decadence of, v, 30 elements of, in New Mexico, 11, 28 probable reach of, 1, 71 Toltec dynasty, chronology of, v, 95, 96 Toltec language, traces, in Muscogee names, Iv, 381 Toltec migration, theory concerning, tv. 170 Toltecan epoch, state of art in, Iv, 123 Toltecan family, cranial capacity, 11, 329 Toltecan nations, meaning of term, um, 328 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 2o1 Toltecs, 1, 63 chronological data regarding, v1, 742 civilization, discussion of, v, 29-31 eorn goddess of, vi, 631 idolatry, 1, 71, 72 migrations, discussion of, vy, 101— 102 evidence of northward, Iv, 147— 148 monarchy of, I, 21 mythology, vi, 636-646 overthrow of empire, v, 61 sun worship, Iv, 639; v, 29 Valley of Mexico reached by, v1, 742 See also Mexican tribes. Toma, Chief, pictographs on grave- posts of, 1, 388 Tomahawk, description of, tv, 174 illustration of, tv, 174, 175 symbolic use of, v1, 448 use and description of, 1, 92-93 See also Battle-axe. Tomaso, a Diegueno chief, 11, 100 Tomb, royal, bones placed in, tv, 156-157 Tombe drum, description of, Iv, 74 Tombigbee River, Indians on, v1, 32 Tomlinson, Abelard, mound exploration by, 1, 120-121 Tomlinson, Jesse, mound on property of, 7 120 Tomlinson, Mr., cited on mound period, vi, 600 reference to collection of, 1, 75 Tom mastth miceo of Tuck a batch cha Town, Iv, 575 Tom-o-haw, information furnished by, Ir, 169 Tonawanda, Onondagas at, v1, 706 Senecas at, v1, 706 Tonawanda Reservation, census of, v1, 690 location, v1, 690 Tonawandas, population of, v1, 689 Toneahiras (Tonkahiras), location of, vI, 689 population of, 1, 518; v1, 689, 708 See also Tonkaways; Toukaways. Tonewanta Reservation, described, 0, - 540 Tongass Indians, v, 489 census, v, 489 location, v, 489 232 Tonkahiras. See Toncahiras. Tonkawas, brief description of, 1, 239 location, m1, 635; v1, 705 population, 1, 239; m1, 635; vi, 705 See also Toncahiras; Toukaways Tonti, 1, 30 Tontos (Apaches Tontos; Tantos), an Apache band, v, 203, 689 origin of the name, v, 207 range of, v, 207 warriors, number of, v, 207 Too, census of, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Toohtogaufau, derivation of the name, Iv, 381 Tookabatchians, at battle at Attasee, v1, 368 Too-ke-mah, Chief, band under, v, 201 Tools, judgment of arts by, 1, 70-71 use of, by Chinese, 1, 70 See also Implements. Tooth-work, Chippewa art of, v1, 131 illustrated, v1, 631 Topinabee, Chief (Topinabi), treaties signed by, vi, 394, 395 Pottawaitamies ruled by, vi, 386 treaty signed by, vi, 344 ‘oquistineses Indians, Iv, 555 Torinash, intermarriage with Comanches, 11, 126 Torquemada, cited on head flattening, II, 328 Tortoise, land. See Gofer. Torture, of captive, illustration of, v, 78 of Ojibwa chief, story of, m, 142 of prisoners, 1, 235; Iv, 50 See also Ordeals. Tosconer fixico of Tuck a batch cha Town, Iv, 575 Toscororas. See Tuscaroras. Totacaga, a Creek town, v, 262 Totant, mentioned by Captain John Smith, v, 218 Toteloes. See Tutelos. Totem. See Totems. Totemic animals, reason for respect shown to, 111, 232 Totemic bond, discussion of, rv, 666 Totemic devices, pictograph of, v1, 606 Totemic mounds, explanation of, Iv, 128, 666 the BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Totemic symbols, uses of, v, 75-76 Totemism among the Iroquois, 111, 195 Totems, I, 420; 11, 49; v, 73-75 among the Creeks, 1, 275 carved on pestle, 11, 467 clans represented by, 1, 335 derivation of the word, 1, 420 different from guardian spirits, v, 196 families connected by, Iv, 662 found in inscriptions, rv, 666 in sculptures and glyphs, tv, 666 indicated by hair-cut, mm, 268, 269 individuals represented by, in pic- tographs, 1, 417, 420 Iroquois system of, v, 73 marked on grave-post, I, 335, 336 meaning of, 1, 52; vi, 664 of the Iowas, 111, 268-269 of the Ojibwas, 11, 138 of the Sioux, mm, 170-171, 175 origin, Iv, 251 property of clan or family, v, 196 tribal divisions based on, v, 136 use as signatures, 11, 226; Iv, 666 by warriors, mi, 557 use of drawing of, v, 397 See also Totemic symbols, and un- der tribal names. To-ter-mitch, at Shoshone peace coun- cil, Iv, 596 Totiris, 11, 555 number of warriors of, 111, 555 See also Catawbas. Totonacas, goddess worshiped by, v1, 642 Totones, wars with, vi, 702 See also Tototans. Totonie Bands, location of, v1, 689 population, v1, 689 use of name, yi, 702 Totonic bands of southern Oregon, v1, 702 Tototans (Tototens; Tototins), v, 493 census, v, 493 divisions, v, 492-493 location, v, 493; v1, 702 maps Showing, 111, 96, 200 population, v, 492-493; v1, 702 Rogue River band, vi, 702 See also Rogues; Totonie Bands; Tutoten. Totten’s Inlet, Indians of, v1, 703 Nichols] Totten’s Inlet Indians, population of, v, 491 Toukaways, origin myth of, v, 683 Wolf dance of, v, 683 See also Tonkawas. Toulmin, Gen. Theo. L., Iv, 630, 632 Toulmin, Harry, Iv, 630 Toulmin, Judge, rv, 682 Towacarros (To-wac-o-nies, Towacor- os, Towecarros, Towoekonies), 1m, 403; v1, 687 country occupied by, vi, 705 dwellings, v, 682 language, v, 682 population, m1, 635; v, 702, 712; v1, 699, 705 See also Tawakoni. To-wac-o-nies. See Towacarros. Towacoros. See Towacarros. Tow-e-ash, brief account of, 1, 239-240 Towecarros. See Towacarros. Towekas, classification of, 111, 402 See also Tawakoni. Tower, stone, ruins of, at Newport, rv, 150-155 Town-criers among the Pueblos, tv, 77— 78 Townsend, Dr., 11, 326 Towoekonies. See Towacarros. T’qua-qua-mish, location of, v, 703; v1, 703 population of, v, 703; v1, 703 Tracy, John, petition signed by, 11, 618 Trade, Indian, 11, 186-187, 526-528, 530- 5381, 550 abuses in, 1, 278 articles used in, 1, 84-85 between Florida and Cuba, v, 95 controlling influence of, v1, 350-352 effects of, 1, 279; 11, 188, 189, 526; m1, 208-209 government policy regarding, vt, 345 in copper, I, 67, 99; Iv, 144 in furs, result of, v, 33-34 intertribal, materials used in, Iv, 667; v, 108 migration traced by, Iv, 667 mode of, between individuals, 11, 178 routes of, 1, 68; v, 144 standard of value in, 1, 84; 11, 178 tribes linked by, 1, 105 under British rule, v1, 267-269 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 233 Trade—Continued use of credit in, 11, 527-528 with the Creeks, 1, 278-279 with the Pillagers, v, 188 See also Fur trade; Furs; Traders; Whiskey trade. Traders, captured by Indians at Detroit, 11, 263 class of, among the Creeks, v, 282 early, in South Carolina, rv, 159 importance of character of, Iv, 214— 215 Traders, or Odawas, origin of name, v, 145 See also Ottawa. Traditions. See Legends. Trails, from St. Mary’s to the Creek Na- tion, v, 256 roads based on, tv, 318 “Serra-goin” mention of, 111, 152 See also Causeways; Oregon, route to; Warpath. Transmigration of souls, an oriental idea, 1, 38 Chippewyan belief in, v, 174 general belief in, 1, 33 Siouan lack of belief in, m1, 232 See also Souls. Transportation. See Canoes; Moving; Rafts; Traveling. Traveling, customs of, v, 684 illustration of, 11, 77 Traverse de Sioux band, listed as one of Seven Fires, 11, 169 Treat, Samuel, missionary work of, vI, 734, 735, 736 Treaties, at Hopewell, vi, 418 at St. Peters, v, 188 between Iroquois and State of New York, vi, 324 between tribes, making of, m1, 263 between Winnebago and United States, 111, 280 Clear Lake, tribes at, mr, 109 concluded by Col. Bradstreet, v1, 255, 299 covering removal of tribes, v1, 416 defining boundaries between tribes, vi, 421-423 estimated expense of, v, 499-500 first reliable record of, vt, 344 Indian attitude toward, 1, 232; v1, 365 234 Treaties—Continued Klamath River, for reservation on, Tr, 145 made at Fond dv Lae, I, 357; vi, 422 made at Prairie du Chien, 1, 357; v, 526; vi, 421-422 made by Lord Dunmore, tv, 626; v1, 343 negotiated at Greenville, v1, 342- 344 objected to by Pioneers, tv, 316-317 of Breda, Canadian lands ceded in, v, 675 of Buttes de Morts, 1, 357; v1, 422 of 1854 and 1855, statement of, v, 497 of Fort Harmer, v, 141 of Fort Laramie, rv, 465, 470 of Fort M’Intosh, provision of, v, 141; v1, 303, 343 of Fort Pitt, commentary on, v, 140; vi, 305 of Fort Stanwix, v, 141 fraud charged in, v, 667-668 of Fort Wayne, v, 139 of Ghent, Iv, 258, 259 of Greenville, era established by, VI, 344 land ceded in, v, 139, 142 of Lancaster, v1, 186 of New Echota, rv, 471; v1, 512-513 disagreement over, v1, 466—467, 474-475 of Painted Post, v, 668 of Seven River, v1, 144 of Utrecht, Canadian lands ceded in, v, 675 of Versailles, Indians neglected in, VI, 271, 320, 323 of Vincennes, vy, 139 table giving data on, v, 499-500 tribes with, list of, m1, 609 tribes without, list of, m1, 609 violated by Navajoes, 1v, 209 with Cayugas, vi, 324 with Chactaws (Choctaws), v, 572 with Cherokees, vi, 425 with Cheyenne, v, 573 with Chickasaws, v, 573; v1, 445 with Chippewas, vi, 393-395; 483- 484, 505 with Chippewas and Ottowas, rv, 188 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Treaties—Continued with Choctaws, provisions of, v1, 403 with Clear Lake Indians, mz, 106, 108, 109, 111 with Conestogoes or Andastes, v1, 140 with Creeks, v, 577; vi, 417, 418— 419, 445 with Creeks and Seminoles, v1, 332 with Indians, adherence to, v1, 324 with Kickapoos, v1, 445 with Micmacs, v, 677 with Milicites, v, 675 with Ojibwas, uo, 166 with Oneidas, v1, 324 with Ottowas, vi, 393-395, 505 with Pottawattamies, vi, 393-395, 505 with Pottawattamies, Chippewas, and Ottowas, vi, 458 with Sacs and Foxes, vi, 448 with Seminoles, v1, 445, 471-472 with Sioux, tv, 464 with Six Nations, v1, 323 with Winnebagoes, rv, 235, 464 Tree burial, in canoes, v, 655 See also Scaffold burial, v, 655. Trees, belief concerning, m1, 224 signal, of Klamath Indians, m1, 150- 151 See also Sugar making; pines. Trent, William, land granted to, v1, 596 Tribal organization, history, and gov- ernment, 1, 191-312; tm, 123-199 Tribal relations. See Alliances; Con- federacy ; Leagues. Tribal rights, attitude concerning, v1, 523 Tribes, Indian, changes in location of, v, 121-122 Classification, 1, 191, 196-198 ; 1, 33, 343; mI, 397-407 distribution, 1, 38-38 ; m1, 576 division and multiplication of, 1, 268-269 ; 111, 247, 269 east of the Mississippi in 1836, m1, 610 emigrating from east to west of Mississippi, 11, 610 estimate of number, 1, 191, 192; v1, 552 Sugar- | | | | } Nichols} INDEX TO Tribes—Continued extinction, 1, 191, 195; m1, 96; rv, 115 general similarity among, v, 87, 129 geographical position of, v, 121-123 having treaties with United States, mm, 609 indigenous, near western frontier (1886), m1, 611 influences affecting development of, vI, 672 interrelations of, v, 141 lack of unity among, Iv, 482 location and numbers of, at time of removal, vi, 409-411 map, showing linguistic classifica- tion, 11, 28 showing location, 11, 96, 200; Iv, 24, 39, 180 origin and names, m1, 247 permanence of location, 11, 202 rank and relationship among, I, 265, 268; 1, 170; m1, 266-267; v, 136 sedentary, life of, 1, 50-51 tables showing classification, 111, 401-402 transferred, condition of, v1, 554 west of the Mississippi in 1834, m1, 609, 610 western, grouping of, 1, 192, 198 without United States treaties, m1, 609 See also Indians. Tribute, paid in gold, rv, 449 paid to Mohawks, 111, 185 See also Taxes. Trimble, Colonel, interest in the In- dians, m, 522 Trinity Indians, estimated number of, mi, 171 population, 11, 634 See also Hoopah Indians; Trinity River Tribes. Trinity River, description of, m1, 137 plans for reservation on, m1, 151 villages on, m1, 189 Trinity River tribes, account of, m1, 139-144 See Klamath and Trinity tribes; Trinity Indians. Trois River, tribes living near, v1, 714 936706—54——16 SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 235 Troost, Dr., m, 318 reference to work of, 1, 47 Troy Indians, location of, m1, 583 population, m1, 583 Trueman, Major, death of, v1, 338 force led by, vi, 145 Tsallake (Tsallakee), a name for the Cherokee (q. v.), 11, 35; vi, 33 Tsamak, an upper California language, 1, 402 Tsattine. See Beaver Indians. Tsawatenok. See Soi it inu. Tse-ah, native name for Cia, Iv, 35 Tshinook, a linguistic family, m1, 402 Tshokantauha, a Mendewakanton vil- lage, 1, 97 Tshuktchi, classification of language of, mm, 401 Tsihailish, classification of, m1, 402 See also Chehalis. Tsillawadoot (Tsillaw-awdoot), Athapascan tribe, m1, 542 population, mu, 28 Tsimshian. See Skeena. Tsonontowans, meaning of name, vI, 326 nickname for the Senecas (q. V.), vI, 326 Tsou Chaoong, measurements of hair of, m1, 376, 383 Tuanoh (Tu-a-nooch, Tucanoh), v1, 687 brief account of, v, 701 location, Iv, 598; v1, 689 population, 1, 521; rv, 598; v1, 689 See also Twana. Tu-a-nooch. See Tuanoh. Tuberculosis. See Consumption. Tubes, stone, accuracy shown in, rv, 160 description of, 1, 93 illustrations of, 1, 93; rv, 160 Tucanoh. See Tuanoh. Tuck a batcha (Tuck a batch cha Town), a Creek town, tv, 575, 578 chiefs of, rv, 575 See also Tuckabatchees. Tuck a batcha micco of Tuck a batch cha Town, Iv, 575 Tuck a batch ee fix i co, a chief at Osio- itchee, rv, 580 Tuck a batch ee har jo, a Cussetaw ‘Town chief, rv, 579 Tuckabatchee Teehassa, a Creek town, v, 262 an 236 Tuckabatchees (Tuckabatches’ town), v, 254 a Creek town, v, 262 brass pieces preserved in, v, 283 See also Tuckabatcha. Tuckabatches tribe, attitude of, in Creek war, VI, 369 Tuckabatchi. See Tuck a batcha. Tucullies, language of, v, 172 See also Tacullies. Tuecuntallahassee, derivation of name, Iv, 380 Tug-waug-aun-ay, a chief at La Pointe, rm, 145 Tuh-duh-guh-mek-ke, measurements of hair of, mm, 384 Tukkabachee Mikko, Muscogee chief, v, 660 Tukkuthkutchin. See Deagothee Loo- choo. Tula (Ark.), a point on De Soto’s march, m1, 48, 50 De Soto’s stop at, vi, 67 probable location of, rv, 315 Tula (Mex.), capital of the Toltecs, v, 96 founding of, v, 95; v1, 742 Tula or Tulara (Calif.), location of, 11, 201 population, m1, 201 Tulare Lake, vocabulary from, tv, 413- 414 Tularefios. lares. Tulares, territory occupied by, m1, 421 Tullushatches town. See Tal la se hatch ee. Tu-lo-mos, a Dolores Mission tribe, 11, 506 Tulpehocken, settlement of lands of, rv, 324 Tum Waters, population of, 111, 632 Tu-ma-leh-nias, description of, 111, 102- 108 Tumuli, not a part of fortifications, v, 104 Peruvian, explanation of, v, 90, 92 proper, 1, 49-51 western, epoch of discovery of, Iv, 131-136 wide range of, v, 104 See also Guacas; Mounds. See Tula or Tulara; Tu- BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Tunice, mention of pueblo of, tv, 211 Tun nee chee, chief at Hitch e tee, Iv, 580 Tuolumne language, vocabulary of, Iv, 408-412 Tuolumne tribes, divisions of, tv, 407 Tuota migga chopco, of Hemawhie Town, Iv, 576 Turgot, M., work of, on languages, W, 355-356 Turk, The. See “The Turk.” Turner, Capt., death of, vz, 169 expedition led by, v1, 169 Turner’s Falls, King Philip at, vz, 168 naming of, v1, 169 Turnip, Dacotah, Indian name for, rv, 68 Turn Water Indians, location of, rv, 598 population, iv, 598 Turtle oracle, description of, m1, 367 Tusayan, Cardenas received at, Iv, 25 expedition to, rv, 38 identified as Moqui, rv, 39 map showing location of, rv, 39 reached by Coronado, Iv, 24-25 Tuscaloosa, Chief, 111, 57; vi, 61, 647 De Soto attacked by, mm, 42 death of, m1, 44; vi, 7438 made a captive by De Soto, 111, 42 name, meaning of, 11, 34 self-sacrifice of, v, 46 war led by, v, 45 Tuscaloosa River, etymology of the name, 1, 34; v, 593 fort erected at, vi, 301, 302 Tuscarora (Tuskeruro) language, II, 292 compared with Woccoa, 11, 406 vocabulary, v, 552-556 Tuscarora Reservation, census of, v1, 690 location, v1, 690 Tuscarora (town), Onondagas at, VI, 706 Tusearoras (Toscororas, Tuskaroras), m1, 555 admitted to Iroquois Confederacy, 1, 198 affinity with Iroquois, 1, 197 and Oneidas (Oneydoes), ceded by, vi, 324 warriors of, rm, 561 census, 1, 441-457; mm, 621-628; v, 504-505; vi, 718 classification, rm, 401 land Nichols] Tuscaroras—Continued colonies aided by, v1, 3384 condition, general, Iv, 606 connections, v, 37 country occupied by, 1, 441; m1, 196, 583, 590; 1v, 606; v, 42, 668, 669 ; vi, 33, 182, 689, 705, 714 defeat by colonists, v, 110 emigration to New York, v, 631 entry into Mississippi Valley re- gion, v, 41 fort built by, 1, 47 government, v, 504 hostility of, v1, 193 hunting grounds, vi, 714 included in Monacan dialects, 11, 292 independence in warfare, v1, 199 in the Revolutionary War, v, 513; VI, 277 Iroquois joined by, 11, 292; v1, 185- 186, 194 linguistic classification, v1, 185 massacre planned by, I, 126; v1, 185 missionary labors among, v, 698 number on reservation, rm, 541 of Iroquois stock, v, 42 one of the Six Nations, Iv, 616 population, m1, 5838, 590; 1v, 603, 604, 606; v, 668; v1, 689, 694, 705, 706, 707, 714 property possessed by, v, 506 report on missions among, v, 700 represented at Canandaigua coun- cil, vI, 326 reservation described, m, 540-541 stand in Revolutionary War, v, 513; VI, 277, 288, 284, 293, 312 synonym of Monacans, v, 35 uprising, vi, 182 warriors, number of, 111, 555 ; vi, 270 Tus coner hargo, a Creek chief, tv, 576 Tushewa. See De-o-se-0-wa. Tushshepahs (Tushepah, Tushepaw), location of, 111, 572 population, 111, 572, 609; v, 706 Tuskaroras. See Tuscaroras. Tus kee ga, an Upper Creek town, tv, 578 Tuskeegees, a Creek town, v, 262 Tuskehenehawshooley, a Cussetaw Town chief, Iv, 579 Tuskeruro language. See Tuscarora language. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 237 Tuski Hadjo’s Band, numbers of, m1, 531 Tusonimon visited by expedition, 11, 303 Tus sick i holatta of Tuck a batch cha Town, Iv, 575 Tustahatchee, surrender of, vi, 374 Tustannuggee Thlucco, treaty subscribed by, vi, 402 Tus ta nugga chopco of Tallissee Town, Iv, 575 Tus tun nuck har jo, chief at Eufaula, Iv, 580 Tus tunnugga of Tuck a batch cha Town, Iv, 575 Tusuque. See Tesuque. Tutahaco, Iv, 32 identification of, 1v, 39 map showing location, tv, 39 visited by Coronado, Iv, 34 Tutelar spirits, pictographs of, illus- trated, 1, 352 Tutelos (Toteloes, Tuteloes), v, 187; v1, 1382 adopted by the Iroquois, m1, 199 allotted lands with Cayugas, 11, 292 and others, population of, v1, 270 classified as Monacans, vy, 36 country occupied by, 11, 196 included in Monacan dialects, Ir, 292 received into Iroquois Confederacy, Tir, 292; v, 37 Tutoten, a combination of Oregon tribes, vi, 702 See also Tototans. Tuttle, Mrs., recollections of, v, 673 Tututni. See Rogues; Totones; tonic bands; Tototans. Tuwanah, a California chief, v1, 711 Twana. See Toanda; ‘To-an-hooch; Tuanoh; Twanoh. Twanoh, Wood’s canal, population of, “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” To- vi, 701 Tweetwees (Twe Twee). See Twigh- twees. Twightees. See Twightwees. Twightwees (Tweetwees, Twe Twee, - Twightees), a name for the Miamis, 1v, 605; v, 41; vi, 271, 334 dwelling place, v1, 714 238 Twightwees—Continued hunting grounds, v1, 714 population, v1, 714 Twine making, implements for, 1, 89 illustrated, 1, 89 materials used for, 1, 89 Shoshonee method of, 1, 213-214 Twins, uncommon among Indians, I11, 211 Twiss, Thomas S., report on Indian pop- ulation, v1, 713 statistics furnished by, vz, 713 Tyendanegea. See Thayendenegea. Tyler, Asher, an authority on Indians, Iv, 345 investigation by, Iv, 345-346 Ty-o-ga. See Tioga village. Typoxe, a Tuolumne chief, rv, 407 Typoxies, a Tuolumne band, rv, 407 U Ubak-héa, language of, 111, 112 Uchean family. See Uchees; Utchees. Uchees (Uches), brief account of, 11, 26-27 conquered by Creeks, 111, 40; vi, 186 foes of Creeks, v, 98 language distinct from Muscogee, mt, 32 population, 1, 522 ruled by sachemess, 111, 40-41 unclassified, m, 33 wars of, m1, 26-27 See also Utchees, Yuchi. Ucle nu, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census of, v, 488 Ufafa, big, a Creek town, v, 262 Ufala, little, a Creek town, v, 262 Ufalas, ceremony at, v, 255 Ufalas, Upper, a Creek town, v, 262 U faw la (Ufauley) Town, vi, 371 Chiefs of, 1v, 576 Creek town, Iv, 576, 578 See also Hufaula. Ugaljachmutzi (Ugalakmius), listed as a linguistic family, m1, 402 Uinta (Uinta Utahs). See Ewinte, Uwinty-Utahs. Ulcers, treatment for, tv, 514 Ulloa, Peruvian antiquities described by, v, 90-92 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Ulseahs, location of, m1, 571 population, 11, 571 Ulster, reference to butchery at, v1, 298 Umahs, Cibolos absorbed by, 1, 519 population, 1, 519 See also Yumas. Umanos, early Spanish name for Umahs (q. v.), 1, 519 Umatilla. See Utillas. Umpquas (Umquas), classification of, m1, 401 clothing, m1, 219 location, m1, 201; v, 492; v1, 624 maps showing, m1, 96, 200 population, 1, 521; m1, 201, 632; v, 492; v1, 689, 701 report on condition of, v1, 624-625 See also Unikwa. Umquas. See Umpquas. Una, the brig, wreck of, rv, 601, 602 Unadilla, mention of Indian attack on, vi, 298 Unare, mission of Barcelona Province, Iv, 556 Uncas, 11, 22; 1v, 618; v, 121; v1, 114. 173, 248, 647 alliance with the English, v1, 111 captive Pequots assigned to, v1, 123 dispute with Sassacus, v1, 116-117 mention of policy of, v1, 153 Miontonimo captured by, vi, 126 Mohican sachem, v, 130; v1, 111 tribal position of, Iv, 481 war against, by Narragansetts, VI, 125-127 Underhill, part taken by, in Pequot War, vi, 117, 118, 119 Unikwa, location of, 1, 487 See also Umpquas. Union, Calif., town of, described, 11, 132 United (Moravian) Brethren, mission- ary labors of, v1, 736 See also Church of the United Brethren; Moravian Church. United States, population and area of, Iv, 610 United States Hxploring Expedition, rm, 200 Nichols] United States Government, policy re- specting Indians, I, 223, 240-241, 245-246, 263-264, 280-282, 287; v, 449-473 policy recommended to, 1, 225-226, 255-256 Unity of Indian tribes, tv, 353; v, 89, 289-291 ; v1, 573 Up-le-goh, a Trinity River village, 11, 139 Upper Creeks. See Creeks, Upper. Upper Missouri agency, condition of tribes of, 1v, 465 Upper Missouri River tribes, v1, 695 census, 695-696 Upper Oualla Towns, census of, 1, 508— 517 Upper Platte Agency, census of, v1, 713 Upper Pond Orrilles. See Pend d- Oreilles, Upper. Upsaroka language, brief vocabulary of, 111, 255-256 conclusions drawn from, 111, 252 Upsarokas, Iv, 551 Blackfeet named by, v, 180 classification, m1, 402 country occupied by, mm, 514; Iv, 486; v, 197, 494 identified as Minnetarees, 11, 403 migration, v, 197 population, v, 494 ravaged by smallpox, I, 257 See also Absarokas; Crow Indians; Mandan and Upsaroka family. Upsi, Eric, mission undertaken by, v1, 742 Urn burials, evidence of, in South Caro- lina, v1, 182 example and discussion of, 1v, 162- 163 Utah Territory, data on land of, v, 501 Indian lands in, rv, 183 Indian population, 1, 522, 523; v, 484485, 489; vi, 705 population and area, tv, 610 tribes of, 1, 522 Utahs, bands of, among the “Diggers,” v, 199-200 classification, rv, 551; v1, 689 country occupied by, v, 199-201 depredations, tv, 216 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 239 Utahs—Continued divisions, v1, 697 general description, v, 197-202 hostility to Whites, 1v, 597 language, vi, 698 linguistie classification, v1, 34 location, 1, 198; Iv, 216; vi, 689, 698, 705 map showing, m1, 96 migration, v, 197 peace made by, with Shoshones, Iv, 596 southern population of, 1, 519 See also Ute. Utawawas, a name for the Ottawas, v1, A202 location, v1, 202 See also Ottawas, Utchees (Utches), Iv, 614 absorbed by Creeks, v1, 370 ancestors of, v, 99 Appalachian by conquest, v, 42 called Chicora, vy, 42 classification, 11, 345, m1, 401 conquered by Creeks, v, 115; v1, 365 country occupied by, v, 42 cranial capacity, v, 244 generic stock, vi, 31 incorporated with Creeks, v1, 32, 689 linguistic family, 11, 401, 404 location, v1, 32, 689 population, v1, 689 use of term, vi, 47 See also Uchees; Yuchi. See Eutahs; Butaws; Yutas. Utensils, Apache, for grinding, v, 209 wooden, of the Creeks, v, 692 of the Iowas, m1, 275 See also Baskets; Implements; Mortars; Pestles; Pottery. Utfonango, tribes dwelling at, v1, 714 Utillas, population of, v, 493 position, v, 493 Utinas, absorbed by Creeks, v1, 370 era of, v, 133 foes of the Creeks, v, 98 Utsehta. See Little Osage. Uupon tea, black drink made of, v, 266 Uwinty, Chief, band named for, v, 200 Ute. Utahs; 240 Uwinty-Utahs (Unita Utahs), rv, 596 band of the Utahs, v, 199 origin of name, v, 199-200 population, v, 498 Uxmal, feature of ruins of, v, 106 Vv Vaccination of Indians, v1, 452 Vaché, Alex. F., petition signed by, 01 618 Vail, Eugene, 1, 122 Vallejo, Gen. M. J., v, 665 Valley of Mexico, migrations into, v, 95- 96 Vamppyres, beliefs concerning, m1, 226 Van Amringe, William F., measure- ments of hair of, m1, 383 Van Buren, Martin, Cherokee removal aided by, v1, 4938 Indian affairs under, v1, 482-506 Vancouvers, population of, 111, 632 Vancouver’s Island, reference to earth- works on, v, 665 Van Den Broek, Rev. T. J., pamphlet transmitted by, rv, 539 Van Helmont, tv, 511 Van Horn, Maj., defeat of, v1, 359, 362 Van Renselaer, Capt., wounded in ac- tion, vi, 341 Van Schaick, Col., expedition of, against Onondagas, vi, 306 Vapor-bath (Steam-bath, Sweat-bath), as a purification rite, v, 423-424 description, m, 182; 1v, 516 use of, by Massachusetts Indians, I, 285 by Muscogee, I, 274 general, tv, 511-512 restricted v, 424 See also Madodiswon; house; Vapor-bath lodge. Vapor-bath lodge, construction of, v, 424, 426 description of, v, 424 See also Sweat house. Varieties, use of the term in natural history, Iv, 354 Vashon’s Island, Indians of, v, 491; v1, 703 Sweat- BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Vasquez d’Ayllon, Lucas, date of defeat of, m1, 27 defeat of, illustrated, m1, 27 expedition of, 111, 25-26; v1, 39 Indians kidnapped by, 11, 35-36 Vater, Prof., 11, 356 Vaughn, Alfred J., population report by, vi, 693 Vaux, Richard, m1, 376 Vavasour, Lt., population estimate by, v, 707 Venango, Fort, reference to taking of, Iv, 614 Venango, inscriptions near, v, 76 ; v1, 605 Washington’s journey to, v1, 214 Venango stone, v, 85 Veneration for the aged, and for the dead, 11, 196 Venesection, method of performing, Iv, 512, 515 Vengeance, among the Creeks, 1, 277 See also Retaliation. Ventriloquism, practice similar to, v, 440 Vera Cruz, State of, antiquities in, v1, 581 Verde region, abandonment of, m1, 303 Vermilion River, tribe near, v1, 556 Vermilions, m1, 561 fighting men of, rz, 561 Vermont, population and area of, rv, 610 Vernon, Maj., Fort Laurens abandoned by, vi, 305 Verrazanim, John de, at New York har- bor, vi, 743 expedition of, vr, 40-48, 48 Versailles Treaty, effect of, v1, 249 Vesperia, use of term, v, 104 Vesperic tribes, application of the name, Ir, 25-26; v, 99, 287, 406; vi, 35 characteristic traits, v, 130 pictography of, v1, 605 route of migration, v, 99 territory occupied by, 11, 28 Vespucio, Americo (Vespucius, Ameri- cus), discovery by, Iv, 562 voyages of, 11, 19 Vessels, cooking, illustrated, 1, 85 See also Pottery. Vicuris, language of, v, 689 See also Picuris. Nichols] Vieux Desert Island, fortifications on, i, 91 map of, m, 91 Village of the Cross (Ottawa), census of, 1, 478-487 Villages, cause of multiplication of, 11, 172 fortified, 1, 51 list of, on Klamath River, 111, 138 on Trinity River, 11, 1389 Massachusetts Indian, 1, 287 naming of, m, 171 of the Creeks, vy, 262 sites selected for, m1, 271 St. Mary’s and Michilimackinac Agency, 111, 601-606 Vincennes, Ind., fight for possession of, vi, 303 founding of, vr, 197 French post established at, vz, 183, 185 settlement of, v, 108 trade at, vi, 269 transfer of agency at, vi, 397 Vinland, area called, vi, 608 attempt to colonize, 1, 106 discovery and naming of, v1, 742 “Viper,” sloop-of-war, mission of, v, 677 Virginia, colonization of, v1, 95-99, 744 discovery, vi, 82-84, 744 Indian lands in, m1, 583, 586; v, 480 Indian population, m1, 583, 586; v, 480 Iroquois name for, m1, 533 landing in, illustrated, um, 22 landing of English in, m1, 22 lost colony of, v1, 94 mounds in, v1, 609 population and area, tv, 610 reported Celtic element in, v1, 742 tribes inhabiting, v1, 32, 33, 83 warfare on frontier of, rv, 625-626 western, Indian depredations in, v1, 302 Virginia tribes, described by Jefferson, v, 386-37 discussion of population, v, 35-36 Virgins, Indian, distinguished by hair dressing, Iv, 89 impersonation by men, tv, 85 part taken at dance, tv, 85 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. §. INDIAN TRIBES” 241 Vishnoo, reference to worship of, v, 58 Visiting, etiquette of, v, 183 Vitachuceo (Vitochucco), m1, 57; v, 410 reference to Micco of, v1, 63 speech of, to his brothers, m1, 39 Vnawunquosett, petition signed by, v, 237 Vocabulary, Algonquin, of compound words, Iv, 373-380 Algonquin group, mu, 458-481 Apache (Apachee), v, 202, 578-589 Arapahoe, 1, 446-459 Assiniboine, 1v, 416-432 Batem-da-kai-ee (-Kato), m1, 434- 440 Blackfeet, 11, 494-505 Caddo, v, 709-712 Catawba, v, 557-558 Cayuga, 11, 482-493 Cherokee, of numerals, 1, 209-211 Cheyenne, m1, 446-459 Chinook jargon, v, 548-551 Chippewa (of Michigan), v, 556- 557 Chippewa numerals, m, 216-218 Choctaw (brief), 111, 347 Choctaw, of numerals, um, 204-206 Chow-e-shak, 11, 434-440 Co-co-noon, Iv, 413 collecting of, 1v, 524-525 by George Gibbs, v, 662, 663, 664, 665 Comanche (Comanchee), m, 129- 130, 494-505 conclusions derived from, 111, 403 Cop-éh, m1, 428-434 Costanos, m1, 494-505 notes to, m1, 506 Cushna, 11, 494-505 notes to, 11, 506-508 Dacota, of numerals, um, 206-208 Delaware, um, 470-481; 111, 424427 Diegunos, 1, 103-104 Bh-nek, mm, 440-445 Hitchittee dialect, or numerals, 11, 220 Hoo-pah, 1, 440-445 Iroquois group, 11, 482-493 King’s River, tv, 413-414 Klatsop (brief), m1, 223-224 Kula-napo, m1, 428-434 242 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Vocabulary—Continued WwW Mandan, tt, 255-256 ; 446-459 Waban, a mythological character, v, 409 Massachusetts language, 1, 288-299 Wabanakees (Wabanakis, Wabenaki), Menemonee; m1, 470-481 alliance of, the Menomonie, 1, 304 Miami, u, 470-481 inscriptions attributed to, 1, 114 Micmac, v, 578-589 name, application of, m1, 353 Minnetaree (brief), m1, 256 derivation of, m1, 353 Mohawk, 11, 482-493 See also Abnaki. Muskogee or Creek, tv, 416-429 Wabash Indians, campaign against, v1, phonetic key to, Iv, 482 335, 360 Natic, v, 556-557 derivation of name, Iv, 379 Navajo, rv, 416-429 Fort Harrison invested by, v1, 359 number of, published, v, 55 Wabash River, tribes on, v1, 33, 275, 714 of Indian languages, list of, tv, 552-| Wabashaw (Wah-be-shaw, Wabisha), 553 chief of the Dacotas, 1, 182 Ojibwa, 11, 211-218, 458-469 speech to the British, 1v, 258-259; Oneida, m1, 482-493 vi, 193 Onondaga, m1, 482-493 Wabashaw’s Band, a Medawakanton Osage, Iv, 275 band, 111, 613 Pamptico, v, 556-557 census, 1, 498-507 Pampticough, v, 555-556 Wabedatunka, or Black Dog, a Sioux Pimo, m1, 461—462 chief, 1, 352 Pueblo (of Tusuque), m1, 446-459] wWabenaki. See Wabanakees. Pueblo (Zuili), 1v, 416-429 Wabeno(s), classification of, 1, 224 Sacramento River Indians, tv, 414— derivation and meaning of the term, 415 I, 359, 367 Shawnee, n, 470-481 evil spirit of the Algonquins, v1, 630 Shoshonee, brief, 1, 216, 218 explanation of, 1, 366 Tah-le-wah, m1, 440-445 explanation of symbols of, 1, 368- Tcho-ko-yem, 111, 428-434 373 Tulare Lake, 1v, 413-414 exponents of religion, v, 405 Tuolumne Indians, rv, 408-412 purpose of songs and ceremonies of, I, 368 Society of, m1, 56; v, 71 Wabeno songs, pictcgraphs of, v1, 397 synopsis of, 1, 880-381 Wabeseepenukaning, Band of, a Chip- Tuskeruro, v, 552-556 Upsaroka (brief), 111, 255-256 Waccoa, v, 552-556, 557-558 Wee-yot, 11, 484440 Weits-pek, 111, 440-445 pewa band, 1, 458 Winnebago, of numerals, 11, 214-216 census, I, 458-467 Wish-osk, m1, 484-440 Wabigganus, listed by Captain John Witchita (Wichita) v, 709-711 Smith, v, 218 Wyandot, of numerals, 0, 218-220} Wabojeeg. See Waub Ojeeg. Yukai, m1, 428-434 Wabose, Catherine, a Chippewa proph- Yuman, uw, 118-121 etess, 1, 390 See also Dictionary; Lexicon; Al- account of life of, 1, 394-396 gonquin. story of vision of, 1, 391-3894 Vocabularies and grammars, impor- | Wabunakies, a Mississippi Valley Al- tance of collecting, Iv, 656-657 gonquin tribe, v, 41 Volney, C. F., v, 53 Wabushaw, Seven Fires named by, u, cited, 1, 184; 1, 357 169 Von Gerolt, Baron, acknowledgment to, | Wabushaw band, listed as one of Seven I, 330 Fires, 11, 169 Nichols] Wacacoys (Waccocoie), a Creek town, v, 262 derivation of name, Iv, 380 Waccoa language. See Woccoa lan- guage. Waccocoie. See Wacacoys. Waccogo, mentioned by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Wa-cha-mon-ya, Iowa orator, speech by, 11, 266 Wachor Sourette Antazo, at Utah peace council, rv, 596 Wachos, classification of, m1, 402 See also Wacos. Wachucknas, location of, v1, 710 population, v1, 710 Wachusetts, derivation of the name, v, 222 members of Pennacook Confeder- acy, Vv, 222 Wacksoyochees, a Creek town, v, 262 Wacoes. See Wacos. Wacondah (Wahconda), the benevo- lent spirit, Iv, 637 Dacota name for supreme god, v, 72 Wacos (Wacoes, Waecoes), 111, 403; vI, 687 dwellings of, v, 682 intermarriage with Comanches, 1, 126 language, v, 682, 712 location, v, 712; v1, 689, 705 population, 1, 518; 11, 6385; v, 702, 712; v1, 689, 699, 705, 708 See also Wachos; Whacoes. Wadaisaisemid. See Aisemid. Wade, Blijah, interpreter, rv, 596 Wadsworth, Capt., defeat by Indians, VI, 165 Wady Mohattah, discussion of engraved rocks of, 1, 423 Waecoes. See Wacos. Waganukizzi. See Arbre Croche. Wahclellah, a Shahalah tribe, m1, 570 location, 11, 570 See also Cascades, Watlala. Wahconda. See Wacondah. Wahhowpum. See Wahowpum. Wahkiacums, location of, 111, 571 population, m1, 571, 609 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 243 Wahkpacoota (Wahpaakoota), a divi- sion of the Sioux nation, 1, 168, 169; 11, 612 identical with Wahkpatons, v1, 689 Wahkpatons (Wahk-patons), vI, 689 division of the Sioux nation, 0, 165, 168 origin of name, 1, 171 See also Wahpeton. Wah-na-tah, Dacotah chief, story of, Iv, 95-96 Wahongnonawit, chief of the Swams- cut, Vv, 228 Wahowpum, location of, m1, 570 population, m1, 570, 609; v, 706 Wahpakootah and Medawakantoan, payments made to, vi, 721 See also Wahpekute. Wabhpaytoan and Seseetoan band, pay- ments made to, vi, 721 See also Wahpeton. Wahpeeton, a division of the Sioux or Dacota, m1, 612 See also Wahpeton. Wahpekute. See People of the Leaves, detached; Wahkpacoota; Wah- pakootah ; Warpekute. Wahpeton. See People of the Leaves; Wahkpatons; Wahpaytoan; Wahpeeton; Warpetonwan. Wah-sher, a Klamath River tribe, m1, 634 Wabh-sherr, a village on Klamath River, m1, 138 Wah-sho-kig, at Shoshone peace coun- cil, Iv, 596 Wah-zhusk-ons, meaning of name, II, 360 Wabh-zu-cootas, a Yankton band, m1, 169 territory occupied by, 1, 169 Wailatpu, a linguistic family, m1, 402 Waishkee’s Bay, census of Indians of, I, 458-467 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Waitlas. See Oi Cle la. Wakamucks, population unknown, I, 521 Wakan, discussion of term, Iv, 642; v1, 648 Wakanascecies, population of, 1, 521 Wakanasisi. See Wakanascecies. Wakan-men. See Medicine-men. Wakash, a linguistic family, m, 402 Wakhshek. See Wah-sherr. 244 BUREAU Wakinyan, Dakotah gods, rv, 644; vI, | Wampum, 650-651 Wakokayi. See Wacacoys. Wakonda. See Wacondah. Walam Olum. See Ola Walum. Walapai. See Hah-wal-coes. Waldron, Maj., fur trader at Penna- cook, v, 235 land granted to, v, 235 Walker, Adam, citation from narrative of, v1, 355 Walker, Hon. R. J., Iv, 657 Walker, Senator, of Wisconsin, Indian legislation discussed by, v, 463- 464, 470 Walker, Utah chief, ingenious horse stealing of, v, 200 Walker, William, vocabulary of, 11, 218 story concerning, v, 692 Walker’s River, peculiarity of, v, 202 Wakhtek. See Wauh-tecq. Walking-Cloud, stoicism of, m1, 245 Wall, Maj. Thomas, Iv, 583 Walla-wallas (Wallahwollah, Walla- Wallahs, Wallawollah, Wollah- wollah,), census of, v, 493 classification, m1, 402 hunting grounds, 1, 221 maps showing location, 111, 96, 200 marriage customs, v, 654 medicine men, v, 652 nature of country of, v, 656 population of, 1, 521; m1, 570, 609, 632; v, 490, 705, 706, 707; vi, 700, 701 Walla-walloo, a name for the We-yot, mi, 133 See also Wishosk. Walpi. See Opquive. Wambee, derivation of the name, v1, 174 Wamesits, derivation of name, v, 221 location, v, 221 merged with Pennacooks, v, 222 See also Pawtucket. Wampanoags, a name for Pokanokets, vi, 114, 125 affiliations, vz, 150 apparent meaning of name, vr, 114 country inhabited by, v1, 103 migration tradition, v, 98 missionary work among, vi, 734, 736 See also Pokanokets. OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 as deseribed by Cotton Mather, 1, 284 ceremonial use of, iv, 339 description, m1, 185 illustration of, m1, 69 sacred nature of, 1, 86 use and value, 1, 84-85 among Creeks, 1, 268, 278, 277 among the Sioux, 1, 177 as a pledge, Iv, 272 as currency, Iv, 241 Wampun-belts, used as credentials, m1, 2438, 248 Wanita, Yankton chief, described, 11, 67 Wannalancet, petition signed by, v, 237 son of Passaconnaway, Vv, 231 Wantats, a synonym of Wyandots, rv, 605 warriors, tv, 605 See also Hurons; Wyandots, Wapacomegat (Wappacomigat), vi, 647 a Mississagie leader, vi, 336 Mississagies represented by, v1, 255 Wapasha. See Wabashaw. Wapokenotta, Shawnee political cap- ital, Iv, 260 Wapoos, absorbed by Creeks, v1, 370 era of, v, 183 foes of Creeks, v, 98 Wappacomigat. See Wapacomegat. Wappatomica, mention of town of, vI, 265 costume of, Wappatoo Indians, population of, I, | 570-571, 609 tribes composing, m1, 570-571 Wappengers, location of, v1, 147 Wappockanita, intrusive antiquities explained by, v, 116 War(s), causes of, 1, 191; 11, 190; xv, 52, 62 Colonial, Indian part in, vi, 192- 193 costumes for, I, 235; m1, 67, 216; Iv, 53-54, 63 frontier Indian, account of, v, 138— 139 importance to Indian mind, 11, 56-57 incidents of, 11, 56-62 Indian advantages in, m1, 36 Indian attitude toward, m1, 548; 11, 64; v, 214 Indian, estimated cost of, v, 500 Nichols] War(s)—Continued Indian, of 1813, events of, v1, 361- 364 intertribal, effect of, vr, 420-421 methods used in, m1, 215-216; rv, 52-53, 62, 202; vi, 454 on Indians of Ohio Valley, rv, 622- 627 symbols used in commemorating, I, 401-402 training of boys for, 11, 56-57 See also Black Hawk War; King Philip’s War; Seminole War; Pontiac; and under tribal names. War-chief, drawing showing operations of, 1v, 495 duties, rv, 52, 62 power, II, 184; rv, 495 War clubs, Algonquin, described, 1, 78 buried with warrior, tv, 54 illustrations of, m, 514 making, described, 1, 115 See also Balista; Mace; Tomahawk. War customs, Algonquin, v1, 661 Comanche, 11, 132 ; 684 Creek, v, 280 Dacotah, rv, 62-63 Kenisteno, v, 168 Winnebago, tv, 51-54 See also War; War dance; War party. War dance, m, 59-60 Iroquois, described, 111, 187 Winnebago, described, 111, 285 War exploits, ceremonial recital of, 1m, 64 recorded by pictographs, 1, 401, 406 War honors, counting of, 11, 178-179 War of 1812, part taken in by Indians, Tit, 279; Iv, 259; vi, 356-860 War-paint, customs concerning, Iv, 649 War parties, appearance of, 1, 113-114 assembly and march of, 111, 215; rv, 52, 62 enlistment, 11, 59 equipment, v, 280 return, 11, 188; 1v, 78 start, 111, 187-188 See also War; Warriors. War path of the Chippewa, 1, 304 - War-physic, use of, v, 268 War prophet, activities of, Iv, 648 function and power of, v1, 654-655 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 245 War shirts and coats, described, 11, 67 illustrated, 111, 67 War songs, character of, 11, 60 examples of, 11, 59 ; 61-62 of Waub Ojeeg, v, 526-527 War-whoop, explanation of, Iv, 53 Waranakarana, mention of tribe of, Iv, 200 Waranawankongs, a division of the Mohikinder, m1, 75 country inhabited by, m1, 75 dialect of, m, 75 Ward, William, v, 287 Ware, Lieutenant, Iv, 630 Warigwick, listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Warpekute, a subdivision of the Isan- yati, I, 248 See also Wahpekute. Warpetonwan, a subdivision of the Isanyati, I, 248 Warrahiagey, vi, 280 Warre, Lt., Indian population estimated by, v, 707 Warren, Dr., v, 287 Warren, Sir Peter, v1, 210 Warren, William W., paper by, on the Ojibway, u, 135 qualifications, 1, 1385 vocabulary, 0, 211 Warriors, Chippewa, custom of, v, 71 continence, vi, 661 costumes, I, 235; 111, 216; 1v, 538-54, 63 dependence on war-prophet, Iv, 648— 649 discussion of Indians as, m1, 479—- 480 facial painting, m1, 216; Iv, 53, 63 noted Ojibwa, sketches of, 11, 160— 167 numbers, estimate of, 111, 559 table showing, m1, 5538-561 preparation for war, VI, 661 use in Revolutionary War, 11, 561 See also under tribal names. Warwick, R. I., attack on, by Indians, vi, 164 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 246 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Wasbashas (Was-ba-shaw), allegorical | Washington—Continued origin of, v1, 206 country occupied by, v1, 206 Osage name for themselves, Iv, 305, 592 See also Osage; Washashe; Wash- bashas. Wasco(s), location of, v, 493 population, v, 493 See also Wascopams ; Waskows. Wascopams (Wascopan, Wascopaws), eensus of, v, 493 maps showing location of, m1, 96, 200 population, 1, 521; mm, 632; v1, 701 Wasechoe, trip made by, to England, vi, 84, 89 Washakie’s band. See Washano. Washano, bands of, among the “Dig- gers,” v, 199 Washashe, a synonym for Osage (q. V.), Iv, 550 Washbashas (Washbashaws), a name for the Osages, 11, 35; v, 495; v1, 688, 689 population, v1, 689 Washburn, C. P., population table by, vi, 706 report, on Iroquois population, Iv, 603 Washington, Col., expedition led by, tv, 209 Washington, Col. John, v1, 145 expedition led by, vi, 185-136 great-grandfather of George Wash- ington, vi, 136 Washington, George, 111, 294; v, 668; VI, 335 aid asked of, by Indians, v, 667 aid rendered to, by Sullivan, vz, 309 early journeys, vi, 198 entered into Indian warfare, v1, 208 expeditions to Indian country, v1, 212-214 impression made on Indians, v1, 213 in French and Indian wars, v1, 226 in Indian wars, vi, 216 Indian name of, v, 667 Indian policy of, vr, 277, 338, 342 Iroquois name for, m1, 525 measurements of hair of, m1, 383 repulse of, v1, 249 surrender at Fort Necessity, v1, 215 treaties made by, vi, 365 visit to Ohio Valley, v1, 596 Washington and Oregon ‘Territories, land and population of, v, 501 Washington ‘Territory, character of land in, v, 656 Indian population of, v, 490-491, 703-707 ; v1, 689, 708, 705 tribes and lands of, v, 703-704; v1, 700, 701-702, 703 Washita River, Indians on tributary of, Vv, 712 Waskows, burials of, v, 655 customs, v, 652 marriage, v, 654 medicine men, v, 652 See also Wasco(s). Wass, Count, measurements of hair of, 1, 383 Wassaws, battle with Catawbas, 1m, 294 See also Waxsaws. Wassong, speech of, at treaty with Bradstreet, v1, 255 Watche-namp, at Shoshone peace coun- cil, rv, 596 Watch-ha-ta-kaw, brief account of, rv, 233 Watch-ha-ta-kaw’s band, census of, 1, 498-507 Waterees, 1, 344 language undermined, v, 42 status among tribes, Iv, 158 Waterpower in Shoshonean country, 1, 209 Watlala, classification of, m1, 402 See also Cascades; Wahclellah. Watsaghika. See Watsa-hé-wa. Watsa-hé-wa, a Scott’s valley band, m1, 171, 422 extent of language, m1, 422 Watson, Elkanah, information fur- nished by 1, 139 Wattasoons (Mattasoons), m1, 514 brief account of, 111, 251 resemblance of, to Mandans, m1, 251 See also Ahahawa. Watts, Maj., at battle of Oriskany, v1, 288 Wauba, son of Sagima, v1, 202 Wau-be-nace, son of Sagima, v1, 202 Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “Uy, §. INDIAN TRIBES” 247 Waub Ojeeg (Wabojeeg, Waub-o-jeeg), | Weapons, antique Mexican, v1, 580, 589 Te saa) Se biography, v, 524-527 death, 11, 160; v, 527 grave-post, I, 356 hunting exploit, 11, 54; v, 527 renowned Ojibwa war leader, 1, 149 victory song, 11, 60-61 war-chief of the Chippewa, v, 148 war exploits, m, 149-150 war parties led by, v, 525-526 war song, v, 526 Waub-o-jeeg, the third, brief account of, TI, 163 Waubunsee, brief biography of, v, 530—- 531 Waub-teca, a village on Klamath River, tm, 138 Waulatpus, population of, m1, 632 See also Cayuse; Yeletpo. Waw-kon-chaw-koo-kah. See Wee-no- shik. Waw-kon-chaw-zu-kaw’s band, census of, 1, 498-507 Waw-kon-haw-kaw, characterization of, Iv, 233 Waw-kon-haw-kaw’s band, census of, I, 498-507 Waw-maw-noo-kaw-kaw’s band, census of, 1, 498-507 Waw-mo-moka, Iowa chief, character- ization of, m1, 265 Waw-non-que-skoon-a, map drawn by, I, 256-257 map of Ioway country by, m1, 256 Waxhaw. See Wassaws; Waxsaws. Waxsaws, head flattening among, m, 324-325 manner of life, rv, 158 Wayne, Gen., army of, attacked by Creeks, v1, 319, 382, 338 campaigns against western In- dians, v1, 338-341 Indian fighting of, v1, 217 Indian name for, v1, 340 Indians defeated by, v, 528 Wayondotts. See Wyandots. Wazikute. See Wah-zu-cootas. Wea. See Ouachtenons; Ougatanons; Ouitimaus; Weas. Wea language, an Algonquin dialect, 1, 341 illustrated v1, 590 consecration of, Iv, 648-649 Navajo, Iv, 214 of California tribes, v, 217 of Columbia River tribes, m1, 215 of the Dacotahs, tv, 63 of the Five Nations, m1, 189 used in buffalo hunt, tv, 95, 96 variety of, tv, 54 See also Arrowheads; Arrows; Balista; Battle-axe; Bows and arrows; Lances; Mace; Shield; Spear; Tomahawk; War club. Weas (Weeas), vi, 329, 481 allies of Miamies, v1, 330 also called Illinese, v, 41 annuities, 11, 587, 589 armistice granted to, vi, 364 census, 1, 488-497; 11, 621-628 classification, v, 145 condition of, general, Iv, 467, 468 report on vi, 547 country occupied by, 1, 488; 111, 585, 592; rv, 461; v1, 705 defeat by Gen. Wayne, vi, 217 friendly to the French, vi, 237 funds required for, m, 575 hostility, v1, 334 identified as Miamies, v1, 689 in Pontiac’s conspiracy, v1, 243 included in Algonquin group, m1, 36 lands of, 111, 565; Iv, 572 ceded by, 1, 603, 604 disposal of, v, 496 purchased from, n, 593, 595, 598, 599, 600 statistics on, m, 606 maps showing location of, m1, 96; vi, 519 missionary work among, vi, 739, 740 peace sought by, vi, 343 population, 1, 524; m1, 585, 592, 609, 610; 1v, 572; vi, 272, 693, 705 removal, vi, 516, 536 agreed to, v1, 445 plans for, m1, 576, 577 reservation ceded by, v1, 397 treaty with, v, 496, 497, 499; vi, 380 warriors, number of, v1, 271 See also Ouachtenons; Ougatam- ous; Ouitimaus. 248 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Weas and others, fiscal statistics relat- | Weits-pek language, characteristics of, ing tO;ivIy li atao location, v1, 705 population, v, 708; v1, 705 Weas and Piankashaws, location of, v1, 275 maps showing colony of, rv, 180 population, vi, 275 Weatherford, Chas., map showing place of, v, 255 Weaving, aboriginal periods indicated by, Iv, 188-139 discussion of sample of, Iv, 1388 in Peru and Mexico, v, 106 Navajo, described, 1v, 486-437 Pueblo, illustrated, rv, 486; v1, 71 use of shuttle in, 1, 88 See also Loom; Spinning. Webb, Gen., v1, 221 Webb, Dr. Thomas H., subject referred to, Iv, 121 Webster, Dr. N., theory of, concerning mounds, Iv, 132; vi, 602 Wecquaesgeek. See Wequa-esgecks. Weeas. See Weas. Weeng, a mythological character, v, 409 Wee-noo-shik’s band, census of, 1, 498— 507 Wee-no-shik (Wee-no-shaik), m1, 281 account of, Iv, 232-233 Weeokees, a Creek town, v, 262 Weetumpka, derivation of name, rv, 381 Wee-yot, description of, 111, 127-128 name given Hel River Indians, 111, 127 origin of name, m1, 422 population, 11, 127 Wee-yot language, vocabulary of, mm, 434-440 We guf car. See We o guf ka. Wehtl-qua, a Klamath River tribe, mm, 634 Weht’l-qua, a village on Klamath River, 1, 188 Weirs, The, former names of, v, 226 Weitle toch, a Milbank Sound tribe, y, 487 census of, v, 487 Weits-pek (1), a Klamath River tribe, II, 634 Weits-pek (2), a village on Klamath River, 11, 138 burning of, m1, 138 Tir, 422 territory using, 111, 422 vocabulary, 111, 440—445 Wellbanks, Capt., fraud perpetrated by, v, 276 Weller, Senator, of California, v, 468 Indian legislation discussed by, v, 467-468 Wells, ancient evidence of, Iv, 135 Welsh element, in Indian language, tv, 118 Welsh explorers, supposed descendants of, Iv, 81 Welsh Indians, traditional origin of, I, 124; 11, 821; v, 59-60 We-non-ga, brief account of, 11, 165 Wenongay, an Ojibwa war leader, 1, 155 We o guf ka (We guf car Town), an Upper Creek town, rv, 576, 578 chief of, Iv, 576 Weopemcoka tribe, vi, 91 Wequa, English assisted by, v1, 118 Wequa-esgecks, location of, v1, 147 Weroance, title of ruler, v1, 87 Wesleyan Missionary Society, missions established by, v1, 739 Wessagusset. See Wichagashas. Wessels, Maj., 111, 100, 105, 138, 135, 155, 157 Westchester Algonquins, territory oc- cupied by, vi, 147 Western Evangelical Missionary Soci- ety, v, 188 data on missions of, v1, 740 Western Foreign Missionary Society, missions established by, vz, 739 West India Co., vr, 143 West Indies, state of Indian art in, Iv, 122 Westoes, subordinate tribe of the Ca- tawbas, vi, 179 West River, Vt., illustrations of inserip- tions at, v1, 606 Wethersford, surrender of, v1, 874 Wetlko. See Weht’l-qua. Wetumpka (Wetumpkees), town, v, 262 Muscogee seat of power, VI, 32 We wark ka, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe, v, 488 census, v, 488 a Creek Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S 249 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” We wark kum, a Queen Charlotte Sound | White, Gov. John; birth of granddaugh- tribe, v, 488 census, Vv, 488 We woak car (We woak kar, Wewo- cau), a Creek town, Iv, 576, 578 chief of, Iv, 576 derivation of name, Iv, 380 Wewoka. See We woak car. Weyapiersenwaw, treaty signed by, VI, 344 Weymouth, George, attack on, by In- dians, vi, 164 voyage of, v1, 96 Wezaokonaye, a noted Pillager, v, 189 Whacoes, I, 239 brief description of, 1, 240 population, 1, 240 See also Wacos. Whale’s Head, Indians of, v1, 702 Whaling customs of the Ma-caw Indi- ans, Iv, 602 Wheelappas, population, 11, 6382 Wheeling, origin of name, Iv, 379, 490; v, 593; vi, 264 Wheelock, Eleazer, work of, vi, 734, 735, 736 Wheelock School, v, 518, 519; vi, 284 report on, Iv, 584 Wheelpo, location of, m1, 572 population, 111, 572, 609; v, 706 See also Colville. Wheelwright, John, land conveyed to, v, 228 “Wheelwright Deed,” v, 229 Whipple, Lt. A. W., diary of, m, 100-118 observations of, v, 214 vocabularies collected by, 11, 405 Whips, illustrated, 11, 516 Indian form of, 11, 514 Whiskey trade, effects of, m, 188-189, 192; v, 190 See also Alcoholic liquors. Whistanatin, location of, v1, 702 population, v1, 702 Whitaker, Rev. Mr., v, 519 Whitby’s Island, Indian population of, v, 491 tribes on, v1, 703 White, Brig. Gen. James, march of, against Creeks, vi, 367 White, C. P., petition signed by, mr, 618 White, Father, Chesapeake Indians described by, vi, 129 ter of, v1, 93 colony established by, vr, 93 White, James, Indians influenced by, v, 675 White, Judge Hugh L., rv, 630 charges of, against Mr. Curry, VI, 474475 White, Lt., chief of Oakfuskies, v, 263 description of, v, 255 War Mico of Oakfuskies, v, 255 White, Mr., murder of party of, 1, 556 White Cloud, Chief, brief account of, it, 264 White Dog Ceremony, v, 672 See also Dogs. White Dog sacrifice, brief account of, Iv, 591 See also Dogs. White Hyes, Capt., 1, 354 White Eyes, Chief, Indian name of, ru, 528 influence used by, v1, 300 treaty signed by, vi, 303 Whitefish, illustration of, v, 117 White ground, Creek, v, 271 Whitehair, Chief George, v1, 712 death of, iv, 592-593 White Indians. See Blanco Barbus. White Mountain Apaches; an Apache division, rv, 216 White Mountains, aboriginal name of, Ii, 521 White River, bands on, vi, 703 description of, 1v, 312 Indian name for, Iv, 312 journey to sources of, rv, 303-306 tribe on, vy, 199 White River country, description of, tv, 287-296 White River Valley, journey through, Iv, 299-303 White Thunder, Chief, v1, 214 White towns, Creek, places of refuge, v, 279 Whites, Creek relations with, v, 278 effect of contact with, 1, 139 Indian attitude toward innovations of, 11, 189 - tradition concerning advent of, 1, 18; 1, 144 Whiting, David V., vocabulary collected by, 11, 446 250 Whitman family, massacre of, v, 653 Whittaker, Mrs. Jane, captivity among Indians, v, 670-672 Whittlesey, Hon. E., 1v, 488 Whittlesy, Charles, acknowledgment to, Im, 558 reference to work of, Iv, 190 Wiam. See Wyampam. Wiandots. See Wyandots. Wi-atta-che-chah, origin of name, 11, 171 Wichagashas, affiliation of, v1, 150 Wichita language. See Witchita lan- guage. Wichitas (Witchetaws, Witchitas), brief description of, v, 683 depredations committed by, v, 712 language spoken by, v, 712 location, 111, 635; v, 712; v1, 705 population, 1, 518; m1, 635; v, 702, 712; v1, 689, 705, 708 result of attacks on, vi, 708 treaty with, v1, 461 See also Panis piques. Wicocomoco. See Wicomocos; Wy- comeses. Wicomocos (Wighcomocos), location of, v1, 131 Widowers, remarriage of, 111, 238 Widows, customs concerning, 11, 133 Hindoo, customs concerning, v, 59 remarriage of, II, 238 sacrifice of, by California tribes, v, 217 Wi-e-wa-ha, Iowa chief, description of, 1m, 264 Wife-lending, custom of, m1, 190 Wighcomocos. See Wicomocos. Wigwam, area characterized by, m, 26 construction of, m, 80 Dacota, described, m, 191 Dacota, illustration of, m, 190 family life in, m1, 63 illustrations of, 11, 80, 190; mm, 70 Navaho, described, 111, 70 illustrated, m1, 70 of New England tribes, v1, 109 See also Lodge. Wihinasht, classification of, m1, 402 Wild Mountain tribes, California, popu- lation of, 1, 520 Wild-Oat Indians. See Folle Avoine. Wild olive, use of, by Indians, mm, 114 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Wild rice, gathering of, m1, 62-63 illustrated, 111, 63; v1, 553 importance of, Iv, 57 in Minnesota, 1, 186-187 Indian names for, 1, 187 preparation, for food, 11, 63 Wild Rice Men, a name for the Meno- minee, v, 145 Wilkes, Capt. C., v, 101 erania collected by, v, 287 population estimated by, v, 705 Wilkes, J. A., Jr., work of, Iv, 526, 527 Wilkinson, Capt. James, Iv, 629-630 Wilkinson, Col. James, force com- manded by, vi, 335 Wilkinson, Gen. J., 1v, 630 Willamets. See Willamette Indians. Willamette, pronunciation of name, y, 664 Willamette Indians (Willamets), classi- fication of, 111, 402 population, 1, 521; v1, 701 See also Cathlacumups. Willard, Capt., land granted to, v, 235 Willetpos, population of, v, 706 See also Cayuse. Willet(t), Colonel, at battle of Oriskany expedition accompanied by, v1, 306 perilous mission of, v1, 290 Willewah band, location of, 111, 570 population, 111, 570; v, 706 Williams, Ben, Indian interpreter, Iv, 345 Williams, Col., vz, 220 Williams, Eleazar, narrative from letter of, v, 511-512 Williams, Ezekiel, 1v, 607 Williams, L. S., work of, rv, 545 Williams, Roger, influence of, vi, 125, 126 Rhode Island, sold to, v1, 125 Williamson, Col., m1, 294 Williamson, Col. D., expedition led by, VI, 317 Williamson, Thomas §&., paper by, on the Dacotas, 1, 247-256 work of, tv, 547, 548, 549 Willopah. See Wheelappas. Wilson, H. W., cited on oriental deities, v, 406 Wilson, J., report by, v1, 697 Wilson, J. Leighton, report on missions, v, 699 Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Pagal Wilson, William, report on the Choc-| Winnebagoes—Continued taw, Iv, 5838-587 Winchester, General, defeat of, at River Raisin, m1, 279; vi, 362 Wingenund, Chief, inscription recording exploits of, 1, 414 Wingfield, Hdward Maria, expedition joined by, vi, 96 Wingina, vi, 86 death of, vi, 86 relations with colonists, v1, 90, 91 Roanoke Island chief, v1, 85 Winnabagoes. See Winnebagoes. Winnebago language, publication in, Iv, 549 vocabulary (numerals), 11, 214-216 Winnebagoes (Winnabagoes), vi, 375, 452, 632 account of, 111, 277-288 ; Iv, 227-243 affiliations, Iv, 550 Algonquin name, v, 41 alliance with Menomonie, I, 304 appropriation for, 11, 564 beliefs, Iv, 238, 289, 240 burial customs, Iv, 54-55 ealendar system of, Iv, 239-240 census, I, 498-507 ; vi, 691, 704 changes among, I, 534 characteristies, 11, 277 classification, m1, 37; m1, 277, 402; vi, 206 country occupied by, 1, 53, 498; 111, 277-278, 584, 593; Iv, 227, 228, 236 ; v1, 34, 206, 385, 705 cranial measurements, 0, 385; 111, Patel creation myths, Iv, 228-231 depopulation of, m1, 281 divisions, 1, 498 east of Mississippi, v, 42 fiscal statistics relating to, v1, 720, (PALS TOR? friendly to the French, vi, 237 funds required for, 1, 566 fur trade of, 1, 527 history, 11, 277-282; iv, 231-232 intemperance among, I, 4385 land, ceded by, 11, 604; m1, 280 claimed by, 111, 584 purchased from, 11, 593, 599, 600, 601 statistics on, 11, 606 language, 111, 288, 562 936706—54——_17 leading men, 111, 568; rv, 232-235 linguistic affinities, 1, 248 manners and customs, tv, 51-59 maps showing location, m1, 137; 111, 96 medical practices, 11, 497-498 medicine animal of, 11, 223-224 illustrated, 11, 225 medicine feast of, 11, 286-288 mental capacity, 111, 277 migration legend, v, 98 missionary work among, v, 699; v1, 734, 735 name, derivation of, 111, 277 Indian names for, Iv, 227 synonyms for, 111, 562 named as one of “Seven Fires,” 1, 169 humeral system, v, 244 picture writing among, 1, 338 population, 111, 282-283, 562, 584, 593, 609, 610; Iv, 228; v, 708; v1, 271, 689, 704, 705, 707 portage rights, claimed by, v1, 422 relations with American govern- ment, 111, 280-281 with other tribes, m1, 277, 278, 566 with the English, 111, 278-279 with the French, 111, 278 removal, m1, 282; Iv, 235; vi, 488, 497, 505 difficulty in, 1, 551 mistakes in, rv, 485-486 retreat before Algonquins, 11, 37 rulers of, v1, 386 skull of, illustrated, x1, 324 standing of, among tribes, Iv, 235- 236 territory assigned to, tv, 464 trade of, 111, 564 trading post of, 111, 566 tradition of, 11, 266-268 origin, Iv, 147-148, 227, 228 treaties with, v, 499, 500; v1, 380, 421 tribes descended from, 111, 278; Iv; 5 DPHl villages, number of, 111, 562 war customs, Iv, 51-54 252 Winnebagoes—Continued warriors, estimate of, 111, 556, 562; Vig ee: wigwams, 1, 80 See also Ounepigous ; Hochungara ; Puans. Winnecowetts, derivation of name, vy, 223 members of Pennacook Confeder- acy, v, 223 Winnebeegoshish, former name of Cass Lake, vi, 384 Winnepesaukee. See Winnepesaukies. Winnepesaukee River, Indian fishing on, V, 225, 226 Winnepesaukies (Winnepesaukee), der- ivation of name, v, 222 lands occupied by, v, 222 subservient to Pennacooks, v, 222 Winoca, cave described, Iv, 306 meaning of name, Iv, 306 Winslow, Josiah, Indian warfare com- manded by, v1, 162-1638 Wiondots. See Wyandots. Wisagechroanu, explanation of the name, rv, 605 warriors, Iv, 605 See also Missisaugies. Wisconsin, population and area, Iv, 610 Wisconsin River, Indians on, vi, 385 Wisconsins. See Ouisconsins. Wise, Hon. Henry A., information fur- nished by, v, 36 Wiser, Conrad, census gathered by, trv, 605 comments on character of, 1v, 617- 618 knowledge of Ircquois language, rv, 616, 618 narrative of journey of, Iv, 324-341 Wish-osk, name of Humboldt Bay In- dian, 111, 133 origin of name, 11, 422 See also Walla-walloo. Wish-osk language, vocabulary of, 17, 434-440 Wishtenatin, census of, v, 492 Wiskin, a Shoshonie chief, v1, 697 Wisner, Col., murder of, v1, 298-307 Witchcraft, discussion of belief in, rm, 483-485 ; Iv, 489-497; v, 415-441 illustration showing practice of, v, 32 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Witchcraft—Continued practice among Chippewas, v, 32 See also Demonology; Sorcery. Witches, power of, Iv, 408 Witchetaws. Sce Wichitas. Witchita language, vocabulary of, v, 709-711 Witchitas. See Wichitas. Wits-puk, a Trinity River village, 111, 139 Wiweakam. See Wewarkkum. Wiwekae. See Weewark ka. Wiyandotts. See Wyandots. Wiyat. See Wee-yot. Wiyondotts. See Wyandots. Wizards, classification of, m, 224 Woccoa (Waccoa) language, relation to Catawba, 1m, 292 vocabulary of, v, 552-556, 557-558 Woccons (Woocons), classification of, I, 343 language of, extinct, m1, 401 See also Woccoa language. Wococon, English landing at, v1, 83 Woksoyudshi. See Wacksoyochees. Wolcott, Oliver, Indian commissioner, Vi, 323 Wolf, James, division of Chickasaw, I, 508 Wolf dance, described, v, 683 Wolf Town, census of, 1, 508-517 Wolfe, Gen., capture of Quebec by, v1, 234 death of, v1, 234 Wollahwollah (Wollawollah). See Walla-walas, Women, activities of, 11, 63-64 illustrations of, v, 217; v1, 561 average number of children of, m1, 95 Aztec, labor of, Iv, 444 burdens borne by, m1, 76 condition among Kenistenos, v, 167 conduct at feasts, 1, 75 Creek, clothing of, v, 275 cruel treatment by Chippewyans, v, 174 Dacota, chastity of, 11, 197 Dacotah, illustrations showing, 111, 236 diseases of, treatment of, 1, 252 effect of hardship on, Iv, 350; VI, 562 Nichols] Women—Continued exclusion at ceremonies, v, 171, 268 from councils, 1, 184 influence, 11, 184 labor, 1, 46, 81, 91, 285; 1, 188, 515; Iv, 221-222 illustrated, 11, 183 masculine manner toward, v, 183 offer of, to visitors, 111, 190 physical traits, tv, 350 population affected by status of, 1, 268-269 respect for chastity of, tv, 53 results of mode of life of, rr, 211- 212 riding customs, v, 210 rights in council, 1, 277 sitting posture, 11, 236; v, 182 status among Comanches, 1, 2385- 236; 1, 1381 among Creeks, Vv, 272-2738 among Iroquois, 111, 195-196 treatment, by Apaches, v, 212 wigwam controlled by, 1, 63 See also Childbirth; Family life; Fecundity ; Labor; Marriage cus- toms; Widows; Virgins. Wonnesquam, orgin of name, v, 221 Woocons. See Woccons. Wood, implements of, 1, 78; 11, 516 Wood earving, illustration showing, 111, 468 See also Utensils; Wood. Woodcraft of the Indians, 11, 54; 11, 245 Woodford, O. L., report by, on Cherokee sehools, rv, 589-590 Woods, John, mounds on land of, v, 665-666 Woods, Col. Sarshel, 111, 155, 163, 167, 168, 173 Worcester, Rev. S. A., data by, on Chero- kee missions, iv, 588 paper by, on Cherokee language, 11, 443-456 translations by, iv, 543 Words of Indian origin, list of, with meanings, v, 5385-542 Work. See Labor. Worship, places of, of nomadic tribes, 1, 50 Wo-so-keek, celebrated Shoshoni war- rior, v, 199 INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “YU. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 253 Wosta, v1, 74 Wounds, treatment of, 1, 253-254; 11, 180; m1, 363-364; Iv, 248, 508, 513-514 Wox e micco, chief at Che wok o lee (Eufaula), rv, 580 Wozencraft, Commissioner, population estimated by, vi, 705 Wrentham, Mass., Indians killed at, v1, 160 Wright, Rey. A., work of, Iv, 528 Wrist-bands. See Bracelets. Writing. See Inscriptions; Picture writing. Wush-ush-ko-con, chief of Mille Lac band, 11, 163 Wyalusing, Delawares at, v, 138 Wyampam, population of, 1, 521; v1, 702 Wyandot language, vocabulary of (nu- merals), 11, 218-220 Wyandot stock. See Huron. Wyandot story of Trapping in Heaven, 111, 320-322 Wyandots (Wayondotts, Wiandots, Wi- ondots, Wiyandotts, Wiyondotts, Wyandotts), vi, 260, 488 allies of the French, trv, 198 and others, battle with, v1, 266 annuities of, 11, 588 appeal to Andastes, vi, 139 armistice granted to, vi, 364 arrival in Lake region, v1, 204 at Braddock’s defeat, vi, 217, 218 brief account of, m1, 560 census, t, 441-457 ; 11, 621-628 classification, m1, 401 Delaware massacre avenged by, v, 139 driven west by Six Nations, 1, 139 enemies of the Iroquois, m1, 518, 519 expulsion from St. Lawrence Val- ley, vi, 201 fiscal statistics relating to, v1, 721, OPA TP33 flight before the Iroquois, v, 143 fortification built by, v, 110 funds required for, 11, 575 general condition, Iv, 466 history, Iv, 882-383 hostile to English, v1, 237 hunting grounds, v1, 714 identical with Hurons, v, 495 lands, ceded by, 1, 604 Letters ; 254 Wyandots—Continued lands— Continued claimed by, 11, 583, 584; v1, 330 purchased from, 1, 593, 598, 600, 601 statistics on, 11, 606 legend of, 11, 235 location, 1, 441; 11, 87; m1, 559, 583, 584, 590; Iv, 461; v, 495; vi, 275. 301, 705, 714 maps, showing colony of, Iv, 180 showing location, m1, 96; vi, 519 migrations, v, 41, 521 missionary work among, vi, 737, 738, 739, 740 numeral system, v, 244 of Iroquois stock, 11, 37 part taken by, in Pontiac’s con- spiracy, vi, 246 peace made by, v, 139; vi, 254, 348 population of, 111, 588, 584, 585, 590, 610; v, 495, 708; vi, 272, 275, 689, 705, 714 relations with Five Nations, 1, 197; vi, 200-201 with the French, v, 522 with the Iroquois, 1, 85 removal, v, 495; vi, 515, 516, 586 plans for, 111, 576, 577 result of flight of, vr, 201 school attendance, tv, 477 totems, 111, 554 treaties with, v, 497, 499; vr, 327, 330, 334, 380 war on, by Iroquois, v, 187 warriors, estimate of, m7, 554, 559, 560; vr, 261 See also Hurons; Wantats. Wyanokes, included in Monacan dia- lects, m1, 292 Wycomeses, vi, 143 See also Wicomocos. Wyeth, John, drawings made by, m1, 23 Wyeth, Nathanial J., brief sketch of, 1, 203 letters of, on Shoshonean Indians, I, 204-228 Wyllis, Major, death of, v1, 331 Wyoming massacre, allusions to, v, 671, 672 diseussion of events concerning, v, 672-673 question concerning, Iv, 345, 346 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152 Wysockton, former name of Wysox, v, 670 Wyth, Mr., expedition accompanied by, vI, 85 Wythlacooche River, massacre near, vI, 469-470 x Xabe, guide for the Spaniards, 1v, 29 Xaragua, Province of, described, 11, 309 Xolotl, beginning of reign of, v1, 742 Xolotol, sacrifices to, v, 103 xX Yacaawa. See Yacaws. Yacamas, population of, v1, 702 Yacaws (Yacaaws, Yackaws), location of, v1, 689 population, 1, 521; m1, 632; vi, 689 See also Cutsahnim; Yakamas. Yachamsee, chief of the Sisticoosta, v1, 702 Yackaws. See Yacaws. Yackimas. See Yakamas. Yagowanea (Yogowanea), queen of the Hries, tv, 198; vr, 148 tradition of, tv, 199-201; v, 6438-644. treachery of, v1, 148 See also Gegosasa. Yahach. See Youitts. Yahshute (Yah Shutes), a Rogue River band, vi, 702 census, v, 493; v1, 702 chief of, v1, 702 classification, vr, 702 location, v1, 702 population, v1, 702 See also Yasuchahs. Yaka, Huron chief, at siege of Detroit, II, 242, 248, 248 Yakai and others, estimated population of, 11, 634 Yakama River, earthworks on, vy, 101; vi, 612 Yakama Valley, earthworks of, v, 665 Yakamas (Yackimas), fortifications erected by, vi, 613 location of, v, 490 Inaps showing location, m1, 96, 200 population, 111, 632; v, 490, 705, 706, 707 ; v1, 700 See also Cutsahnim ; Yacaws. Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S Yakima. See Cutsahnim; Yacaws; Yakamas. Yaltasse, location of, m1, 585 population, 11, 585 See also Yattapo. Yam, use by Oregon tribes, v, 80 Yamacraws, foes of Creeks, v, 98 Yamas. See Yamasees. Yamasees (Yamas, Yamases, Yamas- sees, Yemassees), absorbed by Creeks, vi, 370 classification, 11, 344 country occupied by, 11, 36; v1, 81-32 foes of the Creeks, v, 98 hostilities of, reference to, v1, 193 identification, v1, 185 independence in warfare, v1, 199- 200 kidnapped by Vasquez de Ayllon, 11, 35-36 massacre by, reference to, v1, 185 missionary work among, vi, 734, 735 subordinate tribe of the Catawbas, vi, 179 war against colonists, v1, 158 Yamases (Yamassees). See Yamasees. Yambadika. See Yumpatickara. Yamel. See Yam Hill Indians. Yam Hill Indians, population of, 1, 521; vi, 689, 701 Yampa. See Yampatick-ara. Yampah, Shoshonee name for Little Bear River, 1, 226 Yam-pai-o (Yampais), a division of the Yuma, uo, 116 location, 11, 116 map showing, Iv, 24 See also Yavipais. Yampais. See Yam-pai-o. Yampapas, a division of the Utahs, v1, 697 population, v1, 697 Yamparacks (Yamparecks), a Coman- che band, 1, 280; v, 575 region occupied by, I, 230 Yampaticara, classification of, v1, 689 location, v1, 689 Yampatick-ara, a Shoshonee division, J, 198 description, 1, 198-199 identified as Bonacks, 1, 198 209 “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” Yampatick-ara—Continued meaning of name, 1, 260 territory of, 1, 198 Yanctonas (Yanctons, See Yankton. Yankton (Yanctonas, Yanctons, Yane- tonwas), vi, 695 census, VI, 556 classification, m1, 402 country inhabited by, 11, 629; v, 494; vi, 556, 695 Dakotah band, vi, 350 divisions, 11, 169; 111, 629 of the Sioux, m, 169; m1, 612, 629 identification, v1, 689 language spoken by, 1, 563 leading men, 111, 569, 629 nickname of, Iv, 559 other names for, 111, 563 population, m7, 563; v, 494; vi, 689 695 trade of, 111, 564 warriors, number of, 111, 563 See also Ihanktonwan; Yanton Da- kotahs. Yankton, Teton, and Cheyenne Sioux, population of, v1, 707 Yanktonai. See Byank-ton-wah; Yank- tonas. Yanktonas (Yank-ton-ees, Yanktonnan, Yank-ton-us), a division of the Sioux, 111, 629 divisions, m1, 629 leading men, 111, 629 population, v, 494 territory occupied by, m, 169; 11, 629; v, 494 Yankton band, 11, 169 Yank-ton-ees. See Yanktonas. Yanktonnan. See Yanktonas. Yank-ton-us. See Yanktonas. Yanton Dakotahs, treaty made by, VI, 421 See also Yankton. Yaocomicos, account of, v1, 128 classification, v1, 128 location, v1, 128 Yaquina. See Jacons; Youikcones. Yarmouth, Indians at, 1, 287 Yasuchahs (Yasuchans), maps showing location of, 111, 96, 200 See also Yahshute. Yanctonwas). 256 Yatasi. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY See Yaltasse; Yattapo. Yattapo, country occupied by, m1, 596 | Youqueechaes. population, 111, 596 See also Yaltasse. Yau-terrh, a Klamath River tribe, m1, 634 Klamath River village, m1, 138 Yavapai. See Yam-pai-o; Yavipais. Yavipais, reference to, m1, 297, 298 Yazoos, missionary work among, v1, 734, 735 Yehuh, a Shahalah tribe, ur, 570 location of, m1, 570 Yeletpo band, location of, m1, 579 population, m1, 570 See also Cayuse; Waulatpus. Yellow-Gown, The, a noted Pillager, v, 189 Yellow Head, Chief, 1, 145 Yellow-hunter, a Comanche chief, 11, 128 Yellowstone River, tribe living on, v1, 556 Yellow Wolf, a Comanche chief, m1, 635 Yemassees. Sec Yamasees. Yepiti, basket press, described, 1v, 444— 447 illustrated, rv, 456 Ynea-stone, mirrors made of, v, 91-92 Yochem, Jacob, tv, 315 Yoghagany, origin of name, v1, 176-177 Yogowanea. See Yagowanea. Yo ho Ilo har jo, chief at Che hawah, rv, 580 Yoholo micco, a Creek chief, rv, 576 Yohter. See Yau-terrh. Yokaia. See Yukai. Yoqueechaes (Youqueechaes), maps showing location of, 111, 96, 200 See also Euquachee; Yuquache. Yo-semety Indi:ns, capture of, Iv, 222 Yo-semety Valley, deseription of, tv, 222-293 Yosemite. See Yo-semety Valley. You ah noe, census of, y, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Youikcones, location of, m1, 5/71 population, m1, 571 See also Jacons. Youitts, location of, m1, 571 population, rm, 571 Young, Gov., extract from letter 01, Ivy, 596-597 [Bull. 152 Young King, Chief, annuity of, m, 585 See Yoqueechaes. Youruk, application of name, 111, 151 Youtas. See Yutas. Yo-woc-o-nees, language spoken by, v, 712 location, v, 712 See also Tawakoni. Ystete, language of, v, 689 See also Isleta. Yubas, location of, v1, 710 population, v1, 710 ! Yubuineariri. See Jumbuicrariri. Yucatan, antiquities of, v1, 582 discovery of, 11, 27 Yuehi. See Euchee; Savanuca ; Uchees; Utchees, Yuf kar e marth lar har jo, a Thia- katchka chief, rv, 579 Yu-kai, a band on Russian River, 11, 421 treaty made with, rz, 112 vocabulary obtained from, m1, 112 Yukai language, vocabulary of, mr, 428— 434 Yukichetunne. See Buquachee ; Yoquee- | chaes ; Yuquache. Yuma language, vocabulary of, 11, 118- 121 Yumanos. See Humanos, Yumas, description of, m, 110 disposition of, 1, 118 divisions, 11, 115-116 facial painting, v, 214 maps showing location, 111, 96; Iv, 24 missionary work among, vi, 734 number at mouth of Gila, m, 103 numeral system, v, 244 religion, 11, 117 See also Cuchans; Garoteros; Umahs. Yumpatick-ara, population of, 1, 522 Yupu. See Yubas. Yuqua Creek, Indians of, v1, 702 ,; Yuquache, location of, v1, 702 population, v1, 702 See also Buquachee; Yoqueechaes. Yuque-Yunque, identification of, 1v, 39 visited by Spaniards, tv, 39 Yurok. See Weits-pek; Youruk. Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT’S “U. S. INDIAN TRIBES” 257 Yutas (Youtas), 1, 219; m1, 297 Zinzendorf—Continued brief account of, 1, 244 mission founded by, v, 503; vz, 264 location, v1, 689 missionary work of, vy, GSO-681; v1, population, 1, 244, 245; v1, 689 734 welcomed by Shikelimo, tv, 617 4 Zizania palustris. See Wild rice. Zacatecas, antiquities in, v1, 581 Zoroaster, doctrines of, 1, 30, 31, 32 Zander, William, missionary labors of,} Zuiii Indians, m1, 297 v, 680 description of, rv, 220-221 Zantees, a Synonym for Santees, Iv, 155 language of, Iv, 81; v, 689 Zea maize. See Corn. location, v1, 689 Zeisberger, David (Rev.), grammar by, of Lenno Lenape, 1, 357 translation by, 1v, 540 Zesuqua. See Tesuque. Zha-ba-ties, assistance in interpreta- peculiar weaving of, tv, 81 population, vz, 689, 709 vocabulary, Iv, 416-429 Zui pueblo, Iv, 216; v, 107 3 defenses of, Iv, 81 tion, 1, 118 lean ae Zilly-Quachne, identified as Sunbury, ae Aaa Iv, 325 illustration of, Iv, 24 Zinzendorf, Count, doctrine of, v, 188 population, 1, 519; 14, 633; v, 484 daughter of, v, 681 possibly Cibola, Iv, 220-221 erroneous policy of, v1, 299 See also Old Zui. ‘a ad 374g Ninn 3 9088 01421 9018