Experiment Station Library. Class VtA^.T Number .TA.Tj.Tj l^U,^ Volume ^W^Wfi A^^Xk/fr Source Keceived. . . .S^.v**>*r. \S\S. \^Ojwa&=\ Cost Accessiou No. "2>A \ ~Y W-A i \ II n lie tin 162 September. 1912 NEW HAMPSHIRE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY THE FERTILIZER INSPECTION FOR 1912 MADE FOR THE STATE BOAED OF AGRICULTURE By B. E. Curry and T. 0. Smith. NEW HAMPSHIRE -COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND MECHANIC ARTS DURHAM. N. H. NEW HAMPSHIRE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND THE MECHANIC ARTS. NEW HAMPSHIRE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION DURHAM, N. H. BOARD OF CONTROL HON. WARREN BROWN, Hampton Falls HON. N. J. BACHELDER, A. M., M. S., East Andover HON. E. H. WASON, B. S., Nashua THE STATION STAFF JOHN C. KENDALL, B. S., Director. FREDERICK W. TAYLOR, B. Sc. (Agr.), Agronomist. B. E. CURRY, A. B., Chemist. FRED RASMUSSEN, B. S. A., Dairyman. W. C. O'KANE, M. S., Entomologist. CHARLES W. STONE, A. M., Farmer and Vice-director. J. H. GOURLEY, B. S., Horticulturist. 0. R. BUTLER, Ph. D., Botanist. J. M. JONES, M. S., Animal Husbandman. W. H. WOLFF, M. S., Assistant Horticulturist. DAVID LUMSDEN, Assistant in Floriculture. T. 0. SMITH, A. B., Assistant Chemist. 0. L. ECKMAN, B. S., Assistant Animal Husbandman. CAROLINE A. BLACK, Ph. D., Assistant Botanist. FRANK APP, Assistant Agronomist. C. H. HADLEY, Jr., B. S., Assistant Entomologist. MIRIAM L. HOBBS, Purchasing Agent. LAURA B. BICKFORD, Stenographer. M. GENEVIEVE BURT, Bookkeeper. EDNA S. DAVIS, Stenographer. ELIZABETH E. MEHAFFEY, Librarian. The bulletins of the Experiment Station are published at irregular intervals and are sent free to all residents of New Hampshire request- ing them. INSPECTION OP FERTILIZERS FOR 1912. The samples of fertilizers for the 1912 inspection were collected by Mr. H. B. Tuttle, under the direction of the State Board of Agriculture, and turned over to the State Agricultural Experiment Station for analysis. Aside from duplicates one hundred and eighty samples were drawn; of these, eighteen represent raw fertilizer mate- rials and include muriate and sulfate of potash, acid phosphate, basic slag meal, ground bone, blood and nitrate of soda. This is the largest number of samples ever drawn in the state in one year. The inspector could not locate all of the brands which had been licensed. However, the ones not found were not generally in use. The samples drawn and herein reported represent practically all grades of prepared fertilizers from the best that are made down to some of the poorest. Also, ex- cepting tankage and sulfate of ammonia, the raw unmixed materials are well represented. Judging from the dis- tribution of the various mixed fertilizers and raw mate- rials, the consumer has had a considerable latitude in the choice of quality. The cost of fertilizers is a very important factor in pres- ent agricultural processes. The consumer is still buying "shot-gun charges" of fertilizers for his crops. Nearly all of the prepared fertilizers, regardless of the soils or crops for which they are to be used, contain nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash in large or small amounts. The consumer is in need of more information concerning the value of the various fertilizer constituents for his specific needs. More definite inf©rmation might enable him to eliminate some of these constituents for certain crops and thereby have greater profits. This information is best obtained first hand through experience and ob- servation from the use of various fertilizer constituents on particular crops. A demand for special grades of fertilizers would be quickly met by the manufacturers. The writers have reason to believe that for certain crops most of the increased yield is produced by some one fer- tilizer constituent, Under such conditions the cost of the ineffective constituents is such as to wipe out or reduce the profits that might otherwise be obtained. There are now on the market many fertilizers for special crops. The fact that a fertilizer is a "Special for Potatoes" by name may offer no recommendation or argument for its pur- chase for that purpose. The same material may be of- fered, under a different name, for corn or some other crop. Also the consumer should not lose sight of the fact that potato fertilizers vary widely in their compositions. It is well enough to keep the name of the brand in mind, but it is of much more importance to scrutinize the guarantee and at the same time bear in mind the needs of the crop and soil in the light of experience and observations. Nitrogen is the most important fertilizer constituent and unfortunately the most expensive. Most of our New Hampshire soils are relatively poor in organic matter and therefore deficient in the amount of nitrogen which can be made available for crops. In many localities cultiva- tion of the soil has been neglected and bacterial action has become limited. Because of these conditions fertilizers rich in nitrogen are generally more effective than others. On the other hand, our soils are very rich in potash. It so happens that potash is the least expensive of the fer- tilizer constituents and for some crops the least effective when used as a fertilizer. Under some conditions where cultivation is good the returns from the use of potash fertilizers are very slight. Because of these conditions and facts the writers wish to point out the necessity of buying fertilizers more on account of the guaranteed con- tent and in accordance with the results and observations already at hand. Messrs. J. E. Robinson, D. B. Keyes, G. F. Lane and P. L. Gowen have assisted in the preparation of the fol- lowing data. 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