| : | ee ee ee ee Seo ia —S Corp a SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Fis” BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY {it BuLLeETIN 30 HANDBOOK OF AMERICAN INDIANS NORTH OF MEXICO EDITED BY FREDERICK WEBB HODGE ENO WO eA is PART: 2 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE — 1) GG Pa Pt a ty bt hRoRokoko Rel a it aaa PH MTOWR Ee RH See HOW ero we Oe Ss SOS Sa Se Soe a ee > = o oy A OR Meson e . oa ee my PUow en CONTRIBUTORS TO PART 2 Dr Albert Buell Lewis of the Field Museum of Natural History. Miss Alice C. Fletcher of Washington. Dr Alexander F. Chamberlain of Clark University. Dr Alés Hrdli¢ka of the United States National Museum. Dr A. L. Kroeber of the University of California. The late Dr Albert 8S. Gatschet of the Bureau of American Ethnology. Mrs Amelia Stone Quinton of New York. Mr Clarence B. Moore of Philadelphia. Mr C. C. Willoughby of the Peabody Museum, Harvard University. Dr Charles F. Lummis of Los Angeles, California. The late Dr Cyrus Thomas of the Bureau of American Ethnology. Dr Clark Wissler of the American Museum of Natural History. Mr D. I. Bushnell, jr., of University, Virginia. Mr Doane Robinson of the South Dakota Historical Society. Dr Edgar L. Hewett of the School of American Archieology. Dr Edward Sapir of the Geological Survey of Canada. Dr Franz Boas of Columbia University. Dr Frank G. Speck of the University of Pennsylvania. Mr Frank Huntington, formerly of the Bureau of American Ethnology. The late Frank Hamilton Cushing of the Bureau of American Ethnology. Mr Francis LaFlesche of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Mrs Frances 8. Nichols of the Bureau of American Ethnology. Mr F. W. Hodge of the Bureau of American Ethnology. Dr George A. Dorsey of the Field Museum of Natural History. Mr Gerard Fowke of Saint Louis. The Rey. Dr George P. Donehoo of Connellsville, Pa. Lieut. G. T. Emmons, United States Navy, retired. Judge George W. Grayson of Eufaula, Okla. Dr Herbert E. Bolton of Leland Stanford Junior University. Mr Henry W. Henshaw, formerly of the Bureau of American Ethnology. The Rey. J. A. Gilfillan of Washington. Mr Joseph D. McGuire of Washington. Mr James Mooney of the Bureau of American Ethnology. . Mr J. N. B. Hewitt of the Bureau of American Ethnology. The late Rey. J. Owen Dorsey of the Bureauof American Ethnology. Mr Jacob P. Dunn of Indianapolis. Dr John R. Swanton of the Bureau of American Ethnology. Dr J. Walter Fewkes of the Bureau of American Ethnology. Dr Livingston Farrand of Columbia University. Dr Merrill E. Gates of the United States Board of Indian Commissioners. Miss M. 8. Cook of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. The late Prof. Otis T. Mason of the United States National Museum. Dr Pliny E. Goddard of the American Museum of Natural History. Dr Paul Radin of the Bureau of American Ethnology. Dr Roland B. Dixon of Harvard University. Dr8. A. Barrett of the Milwaukee Public Museum. III pt ss ie ot tb ne G. CONTRIBUTORS TO PART 2 Mr Wilberforce Eames of the New York Public Library. Dr Walter Hough of the United States National Museum. Dr William H. Dall of the United States Geological Survey. Mr William H. Holmes of the United States National Museum. The late Dr William Jones of the Field Museum of Natural History. The late Dr Washington Matthews, United States Army. The Rey. William M. Beauchamp of Syracuse, N. Y. Mr W. R. Gerard of New York. HANDBOOK OF THE INDIANS N* For all names beginning with this abbreviation and followed by Sa., Sra., or Sefiora, see Nuestra Sefiora. Naagarnep. See Nagonub. Naagetl. A Yurok village on lower Klamath r., just below Ayootl and above the mouth of Blue er., n. w. Cal. Naagetl.—A. L. Kroeber, inf’n, 1905. Nai-a-gutl.— a? (1851) in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 138, Naahmao (Nd-ah-mii/-o, ‘turkey’). A clan of the Mahican.—Morgan, Anc. Soc., 174, 1877. ’ _Naai (‘monocline’). A Navaho clan. Naa‘i.—Matthews in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, I, 104, 1890. Naa‘idine.—Ibid. (gine = ‘people’). Naa ‘idine‘.—Matthews, Navaho Legends, 80, 1897. Naaik (N’a‘iek, or N’é’izk, ‘the bear- berry’). A village of the Nicola band of Ntlakyapamuk near Nicola r., 39 m. above Spences Bridge, Brit. Col.; pop. 141 in 1901, the last time the name appears. a-ai-ik.—Dawson in Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., sec. 11, 44,1891. N’a/irk.—Teit in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 11, 174, 1900. N’ée/iek,.—Ibid. Ni-ack.—Can. Ind. Aff. 1884, 189, 1885. Naaish (Na-aic’). A Yaquina village on the s. side of the mouth of Yaquina r., Oreg.—Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, m1, 229, 1890. Naalgus-hadai ( Na*a//g4s xd/da-i, ‘dark- house people’). A subdivision of the Yadus, a family of the Eagle clan of the Haida.—Swanton, Cont. Haida, 276, 1905. Naalye (Na-al-ye). A division of the Skoton, living, according to the treaty of Noy. 18, 1854, on Rogue r., Oreg.—Com- pend. Ind. Treaties, 23, 1873. Naansi. Anextincttribe, probably Cad- doan, said by Douay to be numerous in 1687. They were allied with the Haqui and Nabiri in a war against the Kadoha- dacho and the Hainai at the time La Salle’s party were traveling toward the Mississippi after their leader’s death. Naansi.—Douay in Shea, Discoy. Miss. Val., 217, oe Nansi.—Hennepin, New Discoy., 1, 41, 98. Naapope. See Nahpope. Naas-Glee. Given as a Chimmesyan village at the headwaters of Skeena r., w. Brit. Col.—Downie in Jour. Roy. Geog. Soc., xxxt, 253, 1861. 3456—Bull. 30, pt 2—07——1 Naasumetunne (‘people dwelling on or near the Naasu’). A clan or band, prob- ably Yakonan, on a small stream called Naasu by the Naltunnetunne, s. of Sal- mon r. and nv. of the mouth of Siletz r., Oreg. Naaskaak.—Scouler (1846) in Jour. Ethnol. Soc. Lond., I, 233, 1848 (probably identical). Na/-a-si me’ yanné.—Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 11, 231, 1890 (Naltunnetunne name). Naatsi.—McKen- ney and Hall, Ind. Tribes, 111, 81, 1854. : Nabatutuei. (Nabat’hii’-tii/ei, ‘white village’). A traditional pueblo of the Tigua of Isleta, N. Mex. ‘ Nabat’ hu’-tii’ei.—Gatschet, Mythic Tale of Isleta, 210,1891. Nah-bah-t6o-too-ee.—Lummis, Man who Married the Moon, 12, 1894. White Pueblo.—Gat- schet, op. cit., 214. Nabedache ( Nii’-bai-dii’-che, said to be a fruit resembling the blackberry. Gat- schet says the archaic name of the tribe was Nawadishe, from witish, ‘salt’; Joutel (Margry, Déc., 111, 390, 1878) corrobo- rates this by saying that Naoudiche means ‘salt’, and that the village bearing this name was so called because of the salt supply near by). One of the 12 or more tribes of the Hasinai, or southern Cad- do, confederacy. They spoke the com- mon language of the group. Their main village stood for a century or more 3 or 4 leagues w. of Neches r. and near Arroyo San Pedro, at a site close to the old San Antonio road, which became known as San Pedro. This name clung to the place throughout the 18th century, and seems still to cling to it, since San Pedro cr. and the village of San Pedro, in Houston co., Tex., are in the same gen- eral vicinity as old San Pedro. In 1687 a well-beaten path led past this village to the Hasinai hunting grounds beyond the Brazos (Joutel in Margry, Déc., 111, 325, 326, 332, 1878). It perhaps became a part of the later San Antonio road. The Nouadiche mentioned by Bien- ville in 1700 (Margry, Déc., tv, 441, 1881) and the Amediche mentioned by La Harpe in 1719 (ibid., v1, 262, 1886) are clearly the Nabedache of San Pedro. Joutel (ibid., 11, 388, 1878) tells us that the Naodiche village, which he passed through some 15 leagues nN. E. of San 2 NABEDACHE Pedro, was allied to the latter, and it seems probable that it belonged to the same tribe. The Naouydiche mentioned by La Harpe in 1719, however, are not so easily identified with the Nabedache, since he associates them with the Ton- kawa, calls them a wandering tribe which until La Salle’s coming had been at war with the Kadohadacho, and on the same page mentions the Amediche apparently as a distinct tribe (Margry, Déc., v1, 262, 277, 1886). Yet the facts that the ‘‘ great chief”? of the Naouydiches, of whom La Harpe writes, spoke the language of the Nassonites, i. e., Caddoan, and that the Nouadiche of Bienville’s account were the Nabedache, make it probable that those of La Harpe’s account were the same people. Concerning the Nabe- dache of San Pedro, always in historic times the chief village of the tribe, the information is relatively full and satisfac- tory. They are the first Texas: tribe of which there is a definite account, and be- cause of their location on the western frontier of the Hasinai group and on the highway from Mexico to Louisiana they are frequently mentioned during the 18th century. La Salle passed through this village in 1686 on his way to the southern Nasoni, and by ‘‘the great Coenis village’’ of Douay’s account of this expedition is meant specifically the Nabedache village w. of Neches r. and the Neche village just on the other side (Douay in French, Hist. Coll. La., tv, 204-205, 1852). Joutel’s description of the Cenis ( Hasinai), as dis- tinguished from the southern Nasoni and the Kadohadacho, is based on his sojourn at the Nabedache and Neche villages (Margry, Déc., 111, 339-356, 1878) ; like- wise Jesus Marfa’s invaluable account of the Hasinai was written at his mission near the Nabedache village (Francisco de Jesus Maria, MS. Relacién, Aug. 15, 1691). The political, social, and economic or- ganization, as well as the general exterior relations of this tribe, were much the same as those of the confederate tribes, and are described under Neche (q. v.). Joutel, in 1687, informs us that from the western edge of the Nabedache village to the chief’s house it was a ‘‘large league”’ (Margery, Déc., 11, 341, 1878). The houses on the way were grouped into ‘‘ham- lets”? of from 7 to 15, and surrounded by fields. Similar ‘‘hamlets’’ were scattered all the way to the Neches. In the mid- dle of the settlement was a large assem- bly house, or town house (ibid., 343). Father Damian Massanet (Tex. Hist. Assn. Quar., 1, 303, 1899) thus describes the caddi’s or chief’s house as he saw it in 1690: ‘‘ We came to the governor’s house, where we found a number of Indians— men, women, and children. The [B. A. B. house is built of stakes thatched over with grass; it is about 20 varas high, is round, and has no windows, daylight entering through the door only; this door is like a room door such as we have here [in Mexico]. In the middle of the house is the fire, which is never extinguished by day or by night, and over the door on the inner side there is a little mound of peb- bles very prettily arranged. Ranged around one-half of the house, inside, are 10 beds, which consist of a rug made of reeds, laid on 4 forked sticks. Over the rug they spread buffalo skins, on which they sleep. At the head and foot of the bed is attached another carpet, forming a sort of arch, which, lined with a very brilliantly colored piece of reed matting, makes what bears some resemblance to a very pretty alcove. In the other half of the house, where there are no beds, there are some shelves about 2 varas high, and on them are ranged large round baskets made of reeds (in which they keep their corn, nuts, acorns, beans, etc. ), a row of very large earthen pots like our earthen jars, . . . and 6 wooden mortars for pounding corn in rainy weather (for when it is fair they grind it in the court- yard).’’ Besides what is learned of Has- inai foods in general we are told by Solis, who visited San Pedro in 1768, that the Nabedache used a root called tuqui, which was somewhat like the Cuban cassava. They ground it in mortars and ate it with bear’s fat, of which they were_partic- ularly fond. Solis also tells us that res- ident there at this time was an Indian woman of great authority, named Sanate Adiva, meaning ‘great woman’, or ‘chief woman’; that she lived in a house of many rooms; that the other tribes brought her presents, and that she had 5 hus- bands and many servants (Diario, Mem. de Nueva Espafia, xxv, 280, 281, MS.). Though the Nabedache were a peace- able people, they had many enemies, and in war they were high-spirited and cruel. In 1687 they and the Neche, aided by some of Joutel’s party, made a success- ful campaign against the ‘‘Canohatinno.”’ On the return one female captive was scalped alive and sent back to her people with a challenge (Joutel in Margery, Déc., 111, 377, 1878), while another was tortured to death by the women (ibid., 878). La Harpe reported that in 1714 the Nabe- dache (Amediches) and other Hasinai tribes were at war with the lower Natchi- toch (ibid., v1, 193, 1886). In 1715 a party of Hasinai, including Nabedache, joined St. Denis in an expedition to Mexico. On the way a fierce battle was fought near San Marcos r. (apparently the Colorado) with 200 coast Indians, ‘‘always theirchief enemies’’ (San Denis, Declara- BULL. 30] cién, 1715, Mem. de Nueva Espana, xxv, 124, MS.). Wars with the Apache were frequent. In 1719 Du Rivage met on Red r. a party of Naouydiches and other tribes who had just won a victory over this enemy (Margry, Déc., v1, 277, 1886). Shortly after this, La Harpe was joined near the Arkansas by the Naouydiche “‘oreat chief’? and 40 warriors (ibid., 286). Weare told that the Nabedache, with other Hasinai, aided the French in 1730 in their war with the Natchez (Me- zicres in Mem. de Nueva Espafia, xxvitt, 229). Early in the 18th century the Na- bedache seem generally to have been hos- tile to the. Tonkawan tribes; but later, hatred for the Apache made them fre- quently allies, and we now hear of the Tonkawans selling Apache captives to the Nabedache. The possession at San Pedro in 1735 of some captive Apache women secured in this way threatened to cause war between the Spaniards and the Apache. TheSpaniards, toavoid trouble, ransomed the women and sent them home (Gov. Barrios y Juaregui to the Viceroy, Apr. 17, 1753, MS. Archivo General, His- toria, 299). In 1791, after fierce warfare between the Lipan and the combined northern Indians—the Wichita, Hasinai, and Tonkawa—the Apache endeavored to secure the aid of the Hasinai against the Tonkawa, but Gil Ybarbo, Spanish com- mander at Nacogdoches, prevented it (Ybarbo to the Governor, Apr. 26, 1791, Béxar Archives, Nacogdoches, 1758-93, MS.). Common hostility toward the Apache frequently made the Nabedache and the Comanche friends, but this friend- ship was unstable. The military rela- tions of the Nabedache in the 19th century have not yet been investigated, but it is known that hostility to the Apache con- tinued well into that period. In May, 1690, Massanet and Capt. Do- mingo Ramon founded the first Texas mission (San Francisco de los Texas) at the Nabedache village, and a few months later the second (Santisima Nombre de Maria) was planted near by (Jesus Marfa, Relacién, 1691). On May 25, De Leén delivered to the Nabedache caddi a baston and a cross, and conferred on him the title of ‘‘governor of all his pueblos’? (De Leén, Derrotero, 1690). This was done, as Jesus Maria clearly shows, under the mistaken notion that the Nabedache was the head tribe of the confederacy, and its caddi the head chief. These distinctions belonged, however, to the Hainai tribe and the great chenesi resident there (ibid., 18). This mistake, it is believed, caused some political dis- turbance in the confederacy. In 1690-91 an epidemic visited the tribe in common with its neighbors (Jesus Maria, Relacion, NABEDACHE 3 1691). Trouble, fomented by medicine- men and soldiers, soon arose between the missionaries and the Indians. In 1692 the chief, with most of his people, with- drew from the mission to the distant ‘‘fields,’’ and refused to return ( Massanet, MS., 1692). In1693thé mission wasaban- doned (Clark in Tex. Hist. Assn. Quar., vy, 200-201, 1902), and when restored in 1716 it was placed at the Neche village on the other side of the river. In 1727 Rivera (Diario, leg. 2093, 1736) reported that San Pedro was then occupied by the Neche, though formerly by the Nabe- dache. That the Neche had moved to San Pedro is perhaps true; but it seems improbable that the Nabedache had left the place, for long afterward the inhab- itants of it continued to be called Nabe- dache (De Soto Bermudez does., 1753, MS. Archivo General, Historia, 299; Meziéres, Cartas, 1779). When Solis visited the Nabedache in 1768 their cus- toms were still about as first described, except that they had nearly discarded the bow for the firelock, and were very inebriate, due, Solis claimed, to French liquor. In the middle of the 18th century French influence over the Has- inai greatly increased, and Spanish influence declined. In 1753 the Nabe- dache took part in a gathering of the tribes at the Nadote (Nadaco?) village, in which, it was reported, the Indians proposed killing all the Spaniards in eastern Texas; but St. Denis, of Natchi- toches, prevented the attempt (Fr. Calahorra y Sanz, Feb. 23, 1753, MS. Archivo General, Historia, 299). This situation led to a plan, which failed, to have a garrison posted at San Pedro (Barrios y Juaregui to the Viceroy, ibid. ). In 1778 or 1779 an epidemic reduced the population, and Meziéres, writing from “San Pedro Nevadachos,’”’ situated apparently just where Joutel had found it, reported the number of warriors at somewhat more than 160 (Carta, Aug. -26, 1779, Mem. de Nueva Espafia, xxviil, 241). In 1805 Sibley gave the number at 80 men; but about 1809 Davenport, who was at Nacogdoches, gave it as 100 (Report to Manuel Salcedo, copy dated Apr. 24, 1809, in Archivo General, Provincias Internas, 201). Sibley’s and Davenport’s reports and Austin’s map of 1829 all indicate that the tribe had moved up Neches r. after 1779 (original Austin map, in Secretaria de Fomento, Mexico). From a letter in the Béxar Archives it appears that this migration may have occurred before 1784 (Neve to Cabello, Béxar Archives, Province of Texas, 1781-84). In the 19th century the Nabedache shared the fate of the other tribes of the Caddo and Hasinai confed- 4 NABESNATANA—N ACAMERI eracies, and the survivors are now on the (allotted) Wichita res. in Oklahoma, but are not separately enumerated. (H. 5. B. ) Amediche,—La Harpe (1719) in Margry, Déc., 111, 194, 1878. Amedichez,—Ibid., v1, 266, 1886. Ana- - baidaitcho,—Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., 1, 43, 1884. Nabadaches.—Sibley, Hist. Sketches, 67, 1806. Nabadachies.—Pénicaut (1701) in French, Hist. Coll. La., n.s., I, 73, 1869. Nabadatsu.—Gatschet, op. cit.,48. Nabaducho.—Latham in Trans. Philol. Soc. Lond., 104, 1856. Nabaduchoe.—Burnet (1847) in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 1, 239, 1851. Nabai- datcho,—Gatschet, Caddo and Yatassi MS., B. A. E., 77. Na-ba/-i-da’/-ti.—J. O. Dorsey, inf’n, 1881 (ownname). Nabato,—Tex. State Archives, Cen- sus, Sept. 16,1790. Nabaydacho,—Jesus Maria, Re- lacion, MS., 1691. Nabedaches.—Sibley, Hist. Sketches, 71, 1806. Nabedoches.—Brackenridge, Views of La., 87,1815. Nabeidacho,—Hidalgo, let- ter, Oct. 6,1716, MS. in Archivo Gen. Nabeida- tcho.—Gatschet, Caddo and Yatassi MS., B. A. E., 42. Nabeidtacho.—Representacion (1716) in Mem. de Nueva Espana, XXVIII, 163,MS. Nabidachos.— Rivera, Diario, leg. 2093, 1736. Nadatcho,—Delisle (1687) in Margry, Déc., 11, 409, 1878 (identical?). Nadeches.—Neill, Hist. Minn., 173, 1858. Nadei- cha,—Delisle (1687) in Margry, Déc., 111, 409, 1878. Nahodiche.—La Harpe (1719) in French, Hist. Coll. La., 111, 72,1851. Nahordikhe.—Joutel (1687), ibid., 1, 163, 1846. Nahoudikhé,—Shea, note in Charlevoix, New France, Iv, 108, 1870. _ Nahudi- ques.—Barcia, Ensayo, 278, 1723. Naodiché.—Tonti (1690) in French, Hist. Coll. La., 1, 71, 1846. Na- onediche.—De la Tour, map Amérique Sépten- trionale, 1779. Naouadiché.—Tonti (1690) in French, Hist. Coll. La., I, 74, 1846. Naoudiché,— Ibid., 75. Naoudishes.—Martin, Hist. La., 1, 220, 1827. Naouediches.—Anville, map N. A., 1752. Naouidiche.—Joutel (1687) in Margry, Déc., rT, 394, 1888. Naouydiches.—La Harpe (1719) , ibid., v1, 262, 1886. Naovediché.—Tonti (1690) in French, Hist. Coll. La., I, 73, 1846. Navadacho.—Bull. Soe. Geogr. Mex., 267, 1870. Navedachos,—Morfi quoted by Shea in Charlevoix, New France, Iv, 80, 1870. Navenacho,—Linarés (1716) in Margry, Déc., Vi, 217, 1886. Navidacho.—Bull. Soc. Geogr. . Mex., 504, 1869. Nawadishe.—Gatschet, Caddo and Yatassi MS., B. A. E., 81 (archaic name, fr. witish, ‘salt’). Nebadache.—Brown, West. Gaz., 214, 1817. Nebedache.—Ibid., 215. Nevachos.— San Denis (1715) in Mem. de Nueva Espafia, XXVII, 123, MS. Nevadizoes.—Meziéres (1778) in Bancroft, No. Mex.States,1, 661,1886. Noadiches.— Barcia, Ensayo, 288, 1723. Nouadiche.—Bienville (1700) in Margry, Déc., Iv, 441, 1880. Nouidiches, — De l’Isle, map Amér., 1700. Novadiches,—Barcia, Ensayo, 288, 1723. Ouadiches.—McKenney and Hall, Ind. Tribes, 111, 81,1854. Ouidiches.—Douay (1687) in Shea, Discov. Miss. Val., 218, 1852. Quidiches.—Hennepin, New Discoy., 11, 43, 1698. Yneci.—Jesus Maria, Relacion, 1691, MS. Nabesnatana. A division of the Tenan- kutchin dwelling on the Nabesna branch of Tanana r., Alaska, and having the vil- lage of Khiltat at its mouth.—Allen, Rep. Alaska, 79, 1887. Nabeyxa. A former tribe of Texas, mentioned as being N. E. of the Nabe- dache by Francisco de Jesus Marfa, a mis- sionary among the latter tribe, in his MS. relation of August, 1691. He included it in his list of Texias (‘allies’). Inas- much as in the same list he mentions the Naviti (apparently the Nabiri), the Na- beyxa must have been supposed by him to be a different tribe. It was probably Caddoan. (H. E. B.) Nabiri. An extinct village or tribe of Texas, possibly Caddoan, mentioned by Douay in 1687 as populous and as allied with the Haqui and Naansi in a war [B. A. B. against the Kadohadacho and the Hainai. According to De I’Isle’s map of 1707 the people then lived n. of Washitar. ins. Ar- kansas. See Douay in Shea, Discoy. Miss. Val., 2d ed, 221, 1903. Nabari.—McKenney and Hall, Ind. Tribes, 1, 81, 1854. NabiriimHennepin, New Discoy., 11, 41, 1698. Nabites.—Baudry des Loziéres, Voy. a la Louisiane, 243, 1802 (probably identical). Na- biti.—De |’ Isle, map (1701) in Winsor, Hist. Am., Il, 294, 1886. Nahari,—Coxe, Carolana, map, 1741. Nahiri.—Shea in Charlevoix, New France, Iv, 108, note, 1870. Naviti.—Francisco de Jesus Maria, Relacién, 1691, MS. (apparently identical ). Nabisippi. A former Montagnais sta- tion on the N. shore of the Gulf of St Lawrence, opposite Anticosti id., Quebec. Nabisippi.—Stearns, Labrador, 269, 1884. Napis- sipi,—Hind, Lab. Penin., 1, 180, 1863. Nabobish. (Nibobish, ‘poor soup.’) A Chippewa village, named from a chief, that formerly stood at the mouth of Saginaw r., Mich. The reservation was sold in 1837. Nababish.—Detroit treaty (1837) in U. S. Ind. Treaties, 245, 1873. Nabobask.—Saginaw treaty 1820), ibid., 141, 1887. Na-bo-bish:—Detroit treaty 1837), ibid., 249, 1873. ; Nabogame (irom Navégeri, ‘where no- pals [navé6] grow.’—Lumholtz). A Tepe- huane pueblo in the district of Mina, 17 m. N. of Guadalupe y Calvo, in thes. w. corner of Chihuahua, Mexico, about lat. 26° 207. Nabogame.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 324, 1864. Navogame, —Ibid., 322. Navogeri.—Lumholtz, Un- known Mex.,, I, 423, 1902 (Tepehuane name). Nabowu (named from an unknown plant). A clan of the Chua (Rattlesnake) phratry of the Hopi. Nabovi winwi.—Fewkes in 19th Rep. B. A. E., 582, 1900 (wittwi=‘ clan’). Na/-bowu wun-wi.— Fewkes in Am. Anthrop., Vil, 402, 1894. Nabukak. A Yuit Eskimo village of 48 houses and about 275 people on East cape, N. E. Siberia. Nabu’qak.—Bogoras, Chukchee, 30, 1904. Ne/- eaklit.—Ibid., 20 (Chukchee name of people). No’ekan.—Ibid. (Chukchee name of the village). oe ce ay (Chukechee derisive name of peo- pie. Nacachau, One of the 9 tribes men- tioned in a manuscript relation by Fran- cisco de Jesus Maria, in 1691, as consti- tuting the Hasinai confederacy in Texas. They lived just n. of the Neche tribe and on the £. side of Neches r. In 1716 San Francisco de los Texas mission was estab- lished, according to Ramon, in their vil- lage; and, according to one of Ramén’s companions, for them, the Neche, the Na- bedache, and the Nacono. The mission soon became known as San Francisco de los Neches and the name Nacachau dis- appears, the tribe being absorbed, prob- ably, by the Neche. (a. E. B.) Nacachao.—Hidalgo, letter, Oct. 6, 1716, Archivo General. Nacachas.—Representaci6n of the mis- sionaries, 1716, Mem. de Nueva Espafia, XXvII, 163, MS. Nacoches.—Ram6én, Derrotero, 1716, Mem. de Nueva Espafia, X XVII, 157, MS. Nacameri (‘bat dwelling.’—Och). A former pueblo of the Pima and the seat of a Spanish mission founded in 1638; BULL, 30] situated on the rg. bank of Rio Horcasitas, Sonora, Mexico. Pop. 362 in 1678, 62 in a map (1702) in Stécklein, Neue Welt-Bott, 74, 1726. Rosario Nacameri.—Rivera (1730) quoted by, Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 513, ora Santa Maria Nacameri.—Zapata (1678), ibid., 245. Nacaniche. Possibly a division of the Nabedache, a Caddo tribe with whom they were closely affiliated, although they were not always at peace with the tribes composing the confederacy. They first became known to the French about 1690, and according to La Harpe their villages in 1719 were n. of the Hainai. During the disturbances between the Spaniards and French in the 18th century the Na- caniche seem to have abandoned their more northerly villages and, about 1760, to have concentrated on Trinity r., near the road leading to New Mexico. The tribe was included in the Texas census of 1790 as among those which were under the jurisdiction of Nacogdoches. The Na- caniche were exposed to the same adverse influences that destroyed so large a part of their kindred. They clung to the Na- bedache during the trying experiences of the first half of the 19th century, and if any survive they are with the Caddo (q. v. ) on the Wichita res., Okla. A stream in gE. Nacogdoches co., Texas, preserves their name. (ASC) Nacaniche, —Census of 1790 in Tex. State Archives. Nicondiché.—Tonti (1690) in French, Hist. Coll. La., I, 71, 1846. Nacau. A former tribeof Texas, closely associated with the Nacogdoche. They are mentioned in 1691 by Francisco de Jesus Maria in his manuscript _list of Texias (‘allies’) as n. 5. of his mission among the Nabedache. San Denis, in 1715, gave the Nacao, apparently the same, as one of the Hasinai or Texas tribes (Declaracion, MS.,1715, in Mem. de Nueva Espafia, xxvu, 123). In 1716 Nuestra Seforade Guadalupe mission was founded for this tribe and the Nacogdoche ( Fran- cisco Hidalgo and Manuel Castellano, letter to Pedro Mesquia, Oct. 6, 1716, MS. Archivo General). This fact, taken with the statement of Jesus Maria, makes it seem probable that the tribe lived n. of the Nacogdoche. After 1716 the Nacau seem to disappear from history as an in- dependentgroup; it wasperhaps absorbed by the Nacogdoche. (H. E. B.) Nacao.—San Denis, 1715, op. cit. Nacau.,—Fran- cisco de Jesus Maria, 1691, MS., op. cit. Nacaxes,— Barrios y Jauregui, 1753, op. cit. (identical?). Nacoho.—Joutel (1687) in Margry, Déc., 111, 409, 1878. Nijaos—Bul. Soc. Geog. Mex., 504, 1869 identical?). Nocao,—Linares (1716) in Margry, é¢., VI, 217, 1886. Nacaugna. A Gabrielefo rancheria for- merly in Los Angeles co., Cal., at a place later called Carpenter’s ranch. Nacaugna.—Ried quoted by Taylor in Cal. Far- mer, Jan. 11, 1861 (cf. Hoffman in Bull. Essex Inst., XV, 1,1885). Nicaugna,—Ibid., June§8, 1860, NACANICHE—N ACHENINGA 5 Nacbuc. A Chumashan village w. of Pueblo de los Canoas (San Buenaventura), Ventura co.; Cal., in 1542. Nacbue.—Cabrillo, Narr. (1542) in Smith, Colec. Doe. Fla.,181, 1857. Nacbue.—Taylor in Cal. Far- mer, Apr. 17, 1863 (misprint). Nachaquatuck (from Wa/nashque-tuck, ‘the ending creek,’ because it was the end or boundary of the Eaton’s Neck tract.—Tooker). A former Matinecoc village near the present Cold Spring, Suffolk co., Longid., N.Y. The name occurs as early as 1666. Nachaquatuck.—Thompson, Long Id., I, 501, 1843. Nackaquatok.—Ruttenber, Ind. Geog. Names, 97, 1906. Nacheninga (‘ No-heart-of-fear’). The name of at least two prominent Iowa chiefs, commonly called No Heart, both noted for their sterling qualities and highly regarded by both their tribesmen and the whites. Nacheninga the elder NACHENINGA (Arter c. B. Kina) died a short time before Catlin’s visit to the tribe in 1832, when he was succeeded by his son, who, however, was regarded as subordinate to Mahaskah the younger. The junior Nacheninga has been described as a fine specimen of his race physically, and as ‘‘the faithful husband of one wife.’’ His portrait was painted by Cat- lin in 1832. In behalf of the Iowa he signed the treaty of St Louis, Nov. 23, 1837, and in the same year visited Wash- ington, where his portrait was painted for the War Department by Charles B. King, and is now preserved in the U. 8. National Museum (see _ illustration). Nacheninga was a signer also of the treaty of Great Nemaha agency, Neb., Oct. 19, 1838; the treaty of Washington, May 17, 1854, and that of Great Nemaha agency, Mar. 6, 1861. The name is vari- 6 NACHICHE—N ACOGDOCHE ously spelled Nachewinga, Nan-chee- ning-a, Nau-che-ning-ga, Non-che-ning- ga, Non-gee-ninga, and Notch-ee-ning-a. Consult Fulton, Red Men of Iowa, 124, 1882; Catlin, North American Indians, 11, 1844; Donaldson in National Museum Report for 1885, 1886. Nachiche (‘golden eagle’). A subgens of the Cheghita, the Eagle gens of the Towa. Na/tci-tce’.—Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 238, 1897. Qra’-qtci.—Ibid. Nachurituei (Natchi/ri-tii/ei, ‘yellow village’). A traditional pueblo of the Tigua of Isleta, N. Mex. Na/dshir’ tii’ei.—Gatschet, Mythie ‘Vale of Isleta, 210,1891, Nah-choo-rée-too-ee.—Lummis, Man who Married the Moon, 12, 1894. Natchi/ri-tii’ei.— Gatschet, op. cit. Yellow Village.—Lummisin St. Nicholas, XVIII, 833, 1891. Nachvak. An Eskimo missionary sta- tion of the Moravians in Labrador, close to C. Chidley.— Duckworth in Proce, Cam- bridge Philos. Soc., x, 288, 1900. Nacisi. A small tribe, possibly of Cad- doan stock, formerly dwelling in the re- gion of Redr., La. They were first men- tioned by Joutel in 1687, at which time they were at enmity with the Cenis (Cad- do confederacy). When Bienville ae St Denis were exploring Red r. of La., i 1700, they found on that stream a Ries of the Nacisi consisting of 8 houses. They were still in this neighborhood in 1741, but during the vicissitudes of the 18th century seem to have drifted southward beyond the border of the French proy- ince, forin 1780they are mentioned among the tribes under the jurisdiction of Nacog- doches, in Texas. (ACKC aE?) Nacachez. —Jefferys, Am. Atlas, map 5, 1776. Na- cassa,—Joutel (1687) in Margery, Dée, Ilr, 409, 1878. Nacassé.—La Harpe (ca.1714) in Fre nch, Hist. Coll. La., 111, 19, 1851. Nacatches.—Alcedo, Dic. Geog., III, 279, 1788. Nacisi.—Census of 1790 in Texas State Archives. Nagusi.—Coxe, Carolana, map, 1741. Nahacassi.—Joutel, op. cit. Nakasas.— Bienville (1700) in Margry, Déce., rv, 439, 1880. Nacogdoche (Na-ko-hodd-isi). A tribe of the Hasinai confederacy of Texas. It has been said that their language dif- fered from that of the Hasinai group in general, but there is much evidence to indicate that this isnot true. For exam- ple, Ramon, who founded missions at the Neche, Hainai, Nasoni, and Nacogdoche villages i in 1716, states in his report that “these four missions will comprise from four to five thousand persons of both sexes, all of one idiom’’ (Representacién, July 22, 1716, in Mem. de Nueva Espafia, xxvu, 160, MS.). On the same day the missionaries wrote that the Nacogdoche mission ‘‘N. 8. de Guadalupe .. . is awaiting people of the same language and customs”? as those of the Indians of mission Concepcion, i. e., the Hainai (ibid., 163). In 1752, when the goy- ernor of Texas was ar ranging to inspect the villages of the Hainai, Nabedache, fp. A. Nacogdoche, Nasoni, and Nadote, An- tonio Barrera was appointed interpreter, because he was a person ‘‘understanding with all perfection the idiom of these Indians,’”’ the implication being that they all spoke a single language (Jacinto de Barrios y Juaregui, Oct. 30, 1752, in Archivo General, Hist., 299, MS.). Mez- iéres said that the Nabedache, Nadaco (Anadarko), Hainai, and Nacogdoche spoke the same language (letter to Croix, Feb. 20, 1778, Mem. de Nueva Espaiia, XXVIII, 229 _MS.). Other similar evidence might be cited. Their main village at the opening of the 18th century and for a long time thereafter was approximately on the site of the modern city of Nacogdoches, where four Indian moundsexisted until recently. This place seems to have been called Nevantin. The Nacogdoche were men- tioned apparently by the Gentleman of Elvas in his account of the De Soto ex- pedition; but they were first made def-. initely known by Jesus Maria in 1691, who called them the Nazadachotzi, indi- cated correctly their location, and classi- fied them as one of the nine Aseney (Hasinai) tribes (Relacién, 108, MS.). It seems probable that the Nacogdoche are distinct from the Aquodocez, with whom Pénicaut in 1714 said the Assinais were at war (Margry, Déc., v, 504, 1883). At this time San Denis found the Nacog- doche, Hainai, Nadaco (Anadarko), and others at war with the lower Nate hitoch, but he restored peace among them (La Harpe in Margery, Déc., vr, 193, 1886; see also letter of Macartij, Nov. 17, 1763, Nacogdoches Archives, MS.). Espinosa tells us that the Nasoni, whose main yil- lage was some 25 m. to the N., were es- pecially closely allied with the Nacog- doche, and came to their village for some of their principal religious observances (Chroénica Apostdélica, 1, 425, 1746). In July, 1716, the Franciscans of the college at Zacatecas established their first Texas mission at the main Nacogdoche village for this tribe and the Nacao. This mission became the headquarters of the president, Fray Antonio Margil de Jesus (Espinosa, Diario, entries for July 5-8, MS., Archivo General). In 1719 the mission, like all the others of gz. Texas, was abandoned through fear of a French attack, but was reestablished in 1721 on the same site (Pena, Diario, Mem. de Nueva Espafia, xxvii, 44, MS.). The mission continued to exist long after three of its neighbors had been removed; but it had very little success, and in 1773 it was abandoned. The Spanish settlers, who were removed at this time from Adaes, and at whose head was Antonio Gil Ybarbo, were allowed to settle on the Trinity, founding in 1774 a place which BULL. 30] they called Pilar de Bucareli. Early in 1779 they migrated, without authority, to the site of the Nacogdoches mission. The modern city of Nacogdoches dates from this time. The Nacogdoche were nominally within the Spanish jurisdiction, but the French early gained their affection through the unlicensed trade which they conducted with the Indians. The French supplied guns, ammunition, knives, cloth, vermil- ion, and knickknacks, in return for horses, skins, bear’s fat in great quantities, corn, beans, and Apache captives. This trade, particularly that in firearms, was opposed by the Spanish officials, and as a result there were frequent disputes on the frontier, the Indians sometimes taking one side and Sometimes the other. In 1733, for example, two Nacogdoche chiefs reported at Adaes that the French had offered them a large reward if they would destroy the Spanish presidio of Adaes (Expediente sobre la Campafa, ete., 1739, Archivo General, Provincias Internas, xxxu1, MS.). The charge was denied, of course, by the French. Again, in August, 1750, it was said that the Na- cogdoche chief, Chacaiauchia, or San- chez, instigated as he claimed by San Denis of Natchitoches, went to the Nacogdoches mission, threatened the life of the mis- sionary, Father Calahorra y Sanz, and ordered him to depart with all the Span- iards (Testimonio de Autos de Pesquiza sobre Comercio Ylicito, 1751, Béxar Ar- chives, Adaes, 1739-55, MS.). On the other hand, when in 1752 a gathering of tribes was held at the Nadote village to discuss a plan for attacking all the Span- ish establishments, the Nacogdoche chief, apparently Chacaiauchia, and San Denis both appear in the light of defenders of the Spaniards (Testimony of Calahorra y Sanz in De Soto Bermudez, Report of In- vestigation, Archivo General, Hist., 299, MS.). Chacaiauchia, or Sanchez, seems to have retained the chieftaincy a long time, for in 1768 Solis tells of being vis- ited at the mission by Chief Sanchez, a man of large following (Diario in Mem. de Nueva Espafia, xxvir, 282, MS.). Some data as to the numerical strength of the tribe are extant. In 1721, when Aguayo refounded the mission, he pro- vided clothing for ‘‘the chief and all the rest,’’ a total of 390 ( Pefia, Diario, in Mem. de Nueva Espafia, xxvu, 44, MS.). This may have included some Nacao, and, on the other hand, it may not have included all of the Nacogdoche tribe. It was re- ported that in 1733 the two Nacogdoche chiefs mentioned above went to Adaes with 60 warriors (Expediente sobre la Campaiia, 1739, op.cit.). It isnot known whether the warriors were all Nacogdoche or not, but that is the implication. In NACOGDOCHE 7 1752 De Soto Bermudez inspected the Nacogdoche pueblo and reported that it consisted of 11 ‘‘rancherias grandes,’’ con- taining 52 warriors, besides many youths nearly able to bear arms (Rep. of Inves- tigation, 1752, Archivo General, Hist., 299). Croix’s list of 1778 does not in- clude the Nacogdoche, unless they are his Nacogdochitos, a group of 30 families liv- ing on the Attoyac (Relacién Particular, Archivo General, Prov. Intern., 182). According to a census of 1790, on the au- thority of Gatschet, the Nacogdoche were reduced to 34 men, 31 women, 27 boys, and 23 girls. Davenport, in 1809, report- ed the Nacogdochitos as comprising 50 men (Noticia, Archivo General, Proy. Intern., 201, MS. ). By 1752 the Nacogdoche pueblo had been removed some 3 leagues northward (De Soto Bermudez, op. cit.). When this transfer took place is not clear, but Meziéres says that they deserted the mis- sionat once (Carta, Aug. 23, 1779, in Mem. de Nueva Espafia, xxvii, 225, MS.). In 1771 Goy. Barrios reported them as still near the Hainai (Informe, 2,.MS8.). It seems probable that a considerable part of the Nacogdoche tribe was absorbed in the general population at Nacogdoches after the settlement of the Spaniards in 1779, for census reports thereafter show a large number of Indiansand mixed-bloods at that place. After this time the rem- nant of the tribe seems sometimes to ap- pearas Nacogdochitos. Morfi, about 1781, located this tribe on the Attoyac. In 1809 Davenport, writing from Nacog- doches, did not name the Nacogdoches in the list of surrounding tribes, but placed the Nacogdochitos on the Angelina, 5 leagues n. of Nacogdoches (Noticia, Ar- chivo General, Proy. Intern., 201, MS.). A Spanish map made between 1795 and 1819 shows the ‘‘ Nacodoehes’’ above where Davenport put the ‘‘ Nocogdochi- tos,’’ i. e., on the rE. side of the Angelina about halfway between Nacogdoches and Sabine r. (MS. Mapa Geogrifica de las Provincias Septentrionales de esta Nueva Espafia). In habit, ceremony, and social organi- zation the Nacogdoche resembled the other tribes of the Hasinai confederacy. (H. E. B.) Nacado-cheets.—Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, I, 239, 1851. Nachodoches.—French, Hist. Coll. La., 111, 47,1851. Nacocodochy.—La Harpe (1716)in Margry, Déc., VI, 193, 1886. Nacocqdosez.—Jallot (ca. 1720) in Margry, ibid., 233. Nacodissy.—Joutel (1687), ibid., 111, 410, 1878. Nacodocheets—Latham in Trans. Philol. Soe. Lond., 104, 1856. Nacodoches.— Rivera, Diario, leg. 2140, 2602, 1736. Nacodo- chitos.—Bul. Soc. Geogr. Mex., 504, 1869. Nacog- doches.—Pénicaut (1714) in French, Hist. Coll. La., I, 121, 1869. Nacogdochet.—Drake, Bk. Inds., vi, 1848. Nadacogdoches.—Meziéres (1778) quoted by Bancroft, No. Mex. States, I, 661, 1886. Nag- codoches.—Tex. State Archives, 1793. Nagodoches.— La Harpe (1718) in Margry, Déc., VI, 248, 1886. Nagogdoches.+-Sibley, Hist. Sketches, 67, 1806. & NACONO—NADOWA Nakodotch.—Gatschet. Caddo and Yatassi MS., B. A. E., 65,1884. Nakodo’tche.—Ibid., 42. Nako- hodotse. ~_Dorsey, Caddo MS., B. A. E. 1882. Naki- dotche.—Gatschet, Caddo MS., BA: E., 1884. Nakuhédotch. —Gatschet, Creek "Migr. Leg., I, 43, 1884. Nasahossez.—De VIsle, map (ca. 1701) in Winsor, Hist. Am., I, 294, 1886. Naugdoches.— Yoakum, Hist. Texas, I, map, 1855. Nazada- chotzi.—Jesus Maria (1691), Relacion, 108, MS. Nocodoch.—Linarés (1716) in Margry, Dée., v1, 217, 1886. Nacono, One of the tribes of the Hasinai, or southern Caddo, confederacy. In 1691 Francisco de Jesus -Marfa ( Rela- cidn, 108, MS.) located it s. &. of the Neche and Nabedache tribes. In 1721 the Indians of ‘‘el Macono,”’ evidently the same, lived 5 leagues from the Neche tribe. In 1716 San Francisco de los Texas mission was founded near the Neche and Nacachau villages to minister to these two tribes and to the Nabedache and Nacono ( Hidalgo, letter, Oct. 6, 1716, MS., Archivo General). Espinosa, who was present at the founding of San Jo- seph de los Nasones misson, said that it was composed of Nasoniand Nacono, but the latter were more likely the Nadaco (Anadarko). In 1721 Aguayo was visited on the Neches r. by 100 Indians from el Macono, who were still regarded as belonging to San Francisco mission. Pefia, in his diary of this expedition, makes the interesting statement that ‘‘their chief, who is also chief priest to their idols, is blind. It is presumed that after having been chief many years, he put out his eyes, according to a custom of the Indians, in order to become chief priest among them’”’ Nueva Espafia, xxvii, 35, MS.). Astheir name disappears thereafter, unless they were the Nacomones of Rivera’s list (1727), they were, apparently, like nu- merous other Texan tribes, absorbed by their stronger neighbors. (H. E. B.) Macono,—Pena, op. cit., 1721. Nacomones,—Rivera (1727), Diario, leg. 2602, 1786 (identical?). Na- cono,—Francisco de Jesus Maria, 1691, op. cit. Nacori. A former Opata pueblo and seat of a Spanish mission founded in 1645; situated on Rio Viejo, an 5. tributary of the upper Yaqui, lat. 29° 30’, lon. 109°, E. Sonora, Mexico. Pop. 450in 1678; 281 in 1730. The town has suffered greatly from Apache depredations, the last attack being made in 1883. The pueblo num- bered 339 persons in 1900, of whom afew were Yaqui or Pima, the remainder be- ing classed as Spaniards. Guadalupe Nacori.—Rivera (1730) quoted by ae croft, No. Mex. States, 1, 514, 1884. Nacori.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 343, 1864. Nacori Grande.—Davyila, Sonora ‘Histérico, 317, 1894. Sta Maria Nacori.— Zapata (1678) quoted by Bancroft, op. cit., 246. Nacori. A former Eudeve pueblo and seat of a Spanish mission founded in 1629; situated on the headwaters of Rio Matape, lat. 29°, lon. 110°, Sonora, Mexico. Pop. 394 in 1678, and but 25 in 1730. It is now a civilized settlement, known as (Diario, Mem. de- {B. A. B. Nacori Chico, and contained 337 inhab- itants in 1900. Nacar.—Kino, map (1702) in Stécklein, Neue Welt-Bott, 74,1726. Nacori.—Rivera (1730) ‘quoted by Bancroft, No. Mex. States, I, 518,1884. Sta Cruz (Nacori). —Zapata (1678), ibid. 246. Nacosari. A former Opata pueblo, sit- uated in n. E. Sonora, Mexico, on Rio Moctezuma, one of the n. tributaries of Yaqui r., lat. 30° 20’, lon. 109° 25’. Tt. is now a civilized settlement and con- tained 978 inhabitants in 1900. Nacosuras.—Ribas (1645) quoted by Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, 111, 58, 1890 (name applied to the inhabitants). Real ‘de %Nacosari.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 348, 1864. Nacotchtank. A tribeorband, probably of the Conoy, formerly living on the Ana- costia branch of the Potomac, ‘about Wash- ington, D. C. Their principal village, of the same name, was near the present Anacostia (a corruption of the name of the tribe), in 1608. Smith seems to make them of Algonquian stock, but Shea says they were probably Iroquoian. The Con- estoga were their enemies. Anacostan.—White, Relatio Itineris (1642), 85, 1874 (form used by the Jesuits). Nacochtant.—Bozman, Md., 1, 119, 1837. Nacostines.—Ibid. Nacotch- tanks.—Smith (1629), Va., 11, 78, repr. 1819. Naotchtant.—Simons in Smith, ibid., 1, 177. Necosts.—Smith, ibid., 11, 87. Nocotchtanke.— Ibid., 1, 118. Nadamin, A tribe or settlement men- tioned by Joutel. in 1687 (Margry, Déc., m1, 410, 1878) as an ally of the Hasinai (Caddo). They probably lived at that time in Nn. E. Texas, near Red r. Naden-hadai (Né’dan xda/da-i, ‘Naden river people’). A subdivision of the Koetas, a family of the Raven clan of the Haida. Unlike the rest of the family this subdivision remained on Queen Charlotte ids. and settled on Naden r.—Swanton, Cont. Haida, 272, 1905. Nadohotzosn (‘ point of the mountain’). A band of the Chiricahua Apache (Bourke in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 1m, 115, 1890), essentially the same as the Natootzuzn of the White Mountain Apache and the Na- gosugn of the Pinal Coyoteros. Nadowa. A name, expressing utter de- testation, applied by various Algonquian tribes to a number of their neighboring and most inveterate enemies. Its use was not limited to the tribes of a single linguistic stock, the historical references showing that it was applied in some in- stances, in a modified form, to Eskimo, Siouan, and lroquoian peoples. For syn- onyms see Eskimo, Dakota, Iroquois, Iowa, Teton, and N oltoway. The etymology of the term is in doubt. The analysis proposed by Gerard (Am. Anthrop., vi, 319, 326, 1904), namely, ‘he goes to seek flesh to eat,’ while grammatically permissible, is historically improbable, being too general. In wn. United States the original application of the word appears to have been to vari- BULL. 30] ous small, dark-colored poisonous rattle- snakes, inhabiting the lake and prairie regions, such as the Crotalophorus ter- geminus (Sistrurus catenatus), and pos- sibly to C. kirtlandi, the black massasauga. Cuog gives as the meaning of the term natowe, a ‘“‘kind of large serpent formerly quite common in the neighborhood of Michillimakina, i. e., Mackinac, the flesh of which the Indians ate; the Algonkin and all nations of the Algonquian tongue give this name to the Iroquois and totribes of the Iroquoian stock.’? The Menominee (Hoffman) apply the term to the mas- sasauga rattlesnake, and the Chippewa (Tanner) to a ‘‘thick, short rattlesnake.”’ In Tanner’s list of Ottawa tribal names are found Nautowaig, Naudoways, ‘rattle- snakes,’ and Matchenawtoways, ‘bad Nau- doways,’ and in a footnote to the avord Anego, ‘ant,’ it is stated that these same Naudoway Indians relate a fable of an old man and an old woman to the effect that these two watched an ant-hill until the ants therein became transformed into white men, and the eggs which these ants were carrying in their mouths were trans- _ formed into bales of merchandise. But in none of these references are the people so named thereby defined in such manner that without other information they may be recognized by other nomenclature. The word ‘‘Sioux”’ is itself an abbrevi- ation of the diminutive of this term, namely, Nadowe-is-iw, literally ‘he is a small massasauga rattlesnake,’ the sense- giving part of the word being dropped, but signifying ‘enemy,’ ‘enemies.’ This diminutive form, with the qualifying epithet Mascoutens, was a name of the Iowa and the Teton. In Virginia the term, which became Anglicized into “Nottoway,’’ was applied to an Iroquoian tribe resident there. In this locality it is probable that the name was applied originally to the rattlesnake common to this eastern region. (a2 eB E) Naenshya (Naé/nsx'a, ‘dirty teeth’). The name of two Kwakiutl gentes, one belonging to the Koskimo, the other to the Nakomgilisala.—Boas in Nat. Mus. Rep. 1895, 329, 1897. Na-gan-nab. See Nagonub. Nageuktormiut (‘horn people’). A tribe of Eskimo who summer at the mouth of Coppermine r. and winter on Richardson r., Mackenzie Ter., Canada. Deer-Horn Esquimaux.—Franklin, Journ. to Polar Sea, 11, 178, 1824. Na-gée-uk-tor-mé-ut.—Richard- son, Arct. Exped.,1,362,1851. Naggiuktop-méut.— Petitot in Bib. Ling. et Ethnog. Am., III, xi, 1876. Naggoe-ook-tor-me-oot.—Richardson in Franklin, Second Exped.,174,1828. Nappa-arktok-towock.— Franklin, Journ. to Polar Sea, II, 178, 1824. Nagokaydn (‘pass in the mountains’). A band of the Pinal Coyoteros at San Car- los agency, Ariz., in 1881.—Bourke in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, m1, 112, 1890. NAENSHY A—NAGUONABE 9 Nagonabe ( Nagiinabii). A former Chip- pewa village in lower Michigan(Smith in Ind. Aff. Rep., 53,1851). A chief of this name represented a band on ‘‘South Monistic”’ r.in 1835 (-Mich. Pion. Coll. , x11, 622;1888). Seealso Nagonub, Naguonabe. Nagonub (Niganibi, or Nigantib, ‘the foremost sitter’). A Chippewa Indian, born about 1815, and first mentioned as attracting the attention of Gen. Lewis Cass by his sprightliness while but a mere lad. So well pleased was Cass that he gave Nagonub a medal and a written token of bis precocity. He attained no- toriety through his spirited and often fiery oratory, and his unusually cour- teous manners won for him the decla- ration that he was the ‘‘beau ideal of an Indian chief’? (Morse in Wis. Hist. Soc. Coll., m1, 349, 1857). Nagonub is said also to have been an especial favorite with the white ladies, whom he greeted with the ease and grace of acourtier. He signed as first chief of the Fond du Lac Chippewa the treaties of La Pointe, Wis., Oct. 4, 1842, and Sept. 30, 1854. His portrait, painted by J. O. Lewis and copied by King in 1827, hung in the In- dian Gallery of the Smithsonian build- ing at Washington, but was destroyed by fire in 1865. His name is also written Naa-gar-nep, Na-gan-nab, and Naw-gaw- nub. (eo a0) Nagosugn. A band of the Pinal Coyo- teros found in 1881 by Bourke (Jour. Am. Folk-lore, m1, 112, 1890) at San Carlos agency, Ariz.; correlated with the Natootzuzn of the White Mountain Apache, and with the Nadohotzosn of the Chiricahua. Naguatex. A town and province w. of the Mississippi, visited by Moscoso, of De Soto’s army, in 1542. Located by Lewis (Narr. De Soto, 238, 1907) on the w. side of Washita r., in the present Clark co., Ark. The tribe was evidently Caddoan. Nagateux.—Harris, Voy. and Tray., 1, 810, 1705. Naguatex.—Gentl. of Elvas (1557) in French, Hist. Coll. La., 11, 196, 1850. Naguatez.—Barton, New Views, app., 9, 1798. Naguchee (Nagwitsi’). A former im- portant Cherokee settlement about the junction of Soquee and Sautee rs., in Na- coochee valley, at the head of Chatta- hoochee r., in. Habersham co., Ga. The meaning of the word is lost, and it is doubtful if it be of Cherokee origin. It may have some connection with the name of the Yuchi Indians.—Mooney in 19th Rep. B. A. E., 526, 1900. Cauchi.—Pardo (ca. 1598) quoted by Mooney, op. cit., 28 (probably identical). Nacoothee.—Com- monmapform. Nae oche.—Bartram, Travels, 372, 1792. Noccocsee.—Royce in 5th Rep. B. A. E., map, 1887. Naguonabe (‘feather end,’ according to Warren, evidently referring to a feather at the end of a row of others). The civil 10 chief of the Mille Lac Chippewa of Min- nesota in the first half of the 19th cen- tury, and the principal man of the Wolf clan. He was descended from a Chip- pewa woman and a Dakota chief. In behalf of his tribe he signed the general treaty of Prairie du Chien, Wis., Aug. 19, 1825, and the treaty between the Chippewa and the United States made at Fond du Lac, Wis., Aug. 6, 1826. His name is also written Nauquanabee and Nagwunabee. Nagus ( Nd/gas, ‘town inhabited’). A town of the Hagi-lanas family of the Haida on an inlet on the s. w. coast of Moresby id., Queen Charlotte ids., Brit. Col.—Swanton, Cont. Haida, 277, 1905. Nagwunabee. See Naguonabe. Nahaego. A Shoshonean division for- merly living in Reese r. valley and about Austin in central Nevada. There were several bands, numbering 530 in 1873. Na-haé-go.— Powell in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1873, 52, 1874. Reese River Indians.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, June 26, 1863. Tutoi band.—Ibid. (named from Tutoi or Toténa, their chief). Nahane (‘people of the west.’—A. F. C.). An Athapascan division occupy- ing the region of British Columbia and Yukon Ter. between the Coast range and the Rocky mts., from the ny. border of the Sekani, about 57° n., to that of the Kutchin tribes, about 65° n. It com- prises the Tahltan and Takutine tribes forming the Tahltan division, the Titsho- tina and Etagottine tribes forming the Kaska division, and the Esbataottine and Abbatotine (considered by Petitot to be the same tribe), Sazeutina, Ettchaottine, Etagottine, Kraylongottine, Klokegot- tine, and perhaps Lakuyip and Tsetsaut. They correspond with Petitot’s Monta- enard group, except that he included also the Sekani. The language of the Nahane however constitutes a dialect by itself, en- tirely distinct from Sekani, Carrier, or Ku- tchin. The western divisions have been powerfully influenced by their Tlingit neighbors of Wrangell, and have adopted their clan organization with maternal descent, the potlatch customs of the coast tribes, and many words and expressions of their language. The two principal so- cial divisions or phratries are called Raven and Wolf, and the fact that Sazeutina and Titshotina seem to signify ‘Bear people’ and ‘Grouse people’ respectively, leads Morice to suspect that these groups are really phratries or clans. The eastern Nahane have a loose paternal organization like the Sekani and other Athapascan tribes farther £. According to Morice the Nahane have suffered very heavily as a result of white contact. He estimates theentire populationat about 1,000. Con- sult Morice in Trans. Can. Inst., vit, 517- 534, 1904. See Tuhltan. (3. RsSs) Déne des Montagnes-Rocheuses.—Petitot, Dict. Déné Dindjié, xx, 1876. Kunana,—McKay in 10th NAGUS—NAHCHE [B. A.B. Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 88, 1895 (Tlingit name). Montagnais.—Petitot, Autour du lac des Esclayves, 362,1891. Naa’/-anee.—Petitot quoted by Dall in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 1, 32, 1877. Na-ai’.—Dawson in Geol. Sury. Can. 1887-8, 201B, 1889. Na‘ane,— Morice, Notes on W. Dénés, 19, 1893. Na-ane- ottiné.—Petitot, MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1865. Na’ an-ne,—Petitot in Bull. Soe. de Géog. Paris, chart, 1875. Na’ annés.—Petitot, Dict. Déné-Dindjié, xx, 1876. Nah‘ane.—Morice in Trans. Can. Inst., VII, 517, 1904. Nahanés.-—Morice in Proc. Can. Inst., 112, 1889. Nah’-anés téné.—Morice, let- ter, 1890. Nahanies.—Dunn, Hist. Oregon, 79, 1844. Nahanis.—Duflot de Mofras, Explor. del’Oregon, TI, 183,1844. Nahan-’né.—Petitot, Autour du lac lac des Esclaves, 362, 1891. Nahannie.—Hind, Lab- radorPenin., II, 261, 1863. Nahaunies.—Hardistyin Smithson. Rep. 1866, 311, 1872. Nah-aw’/-ny.—Ross, MS. notes on Tinne, B. A. E. Napi-an-ottiné.— Petitot, MS. voeab., B. A. E., 1865. Nathannas,— Mackenzie cited by Morice in Trans. Can. Inst., vul, 517, 1904. Nehanes.—Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, map, 1882. Nehanies.—Anderson (1858) in Hind, Labrador Penin., II, 260, 1868. Nehannee.— Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, 149, 1882. Nehannes,— Tbid., 125, 1874. Nehanni.—Latham in Trans. Philol. Soe. Lond., 69, 1856. Nehaunay.—Ross, Nehaunay MS. vocab., B. A. E. Nehaunees,— Dall, Alaska, 429,1870. Nohannaies.—Balbi, Atlas Ethnog., 821, 1826. Nohannies.—Gallatin in Trans. Am. Antiq. Soc., 11,19, 1836. Nohannis,—Prichard, Phys. Hist., v, 377, 1847. Nohhané,—Richard- son, Arct. Exped., I, 179, 1851. Nohhannies,— Franklin, Journ. Polar Sea, 1, 87, 1824. Rocky Mountain Indian.—Mackenzie, Voy., 163, 1801. Nahankhuotane. A part of the Umpqua living on Cow cr., Oreg., and commonly known as Cow Creeks. By treaty of Sept. 19, 1853, they ceded their lands in s. w. Oregon. They were associated with the Tututni and were among those who op- posed the uprising in 1856. They were settled on Grande Ronde res., where 23 were still living in 1906. : Ci/-sta-qwit ni/-li t’gat’ yanné.—Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 1, 234, 1890 (‘people far from Rogue r.’: Naltunnetunne name). Cow Creek band of Indians.—U. S. Ind. Treaties, 974, 1873. Cow Creeks.—Palmer in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1856, 214, 1857. Cow Creek Umpquahs. —Ibid.,219. Nahanxudtane.— Gatschet, Umpqua MS. vocab. B. A. E., 1877 (Ump- qua name). Sé/-qwiait yinné.—Dorsey, Coquille MS. voeab., B. A. E., 1884 (Mishikhwutmetunne name. ) . Nahapassumkeck. A Massachuset vil- lage, in 1616, in the N. part of Plymouth co., Mass., probably on the coast.—Smith (1616) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 3d s., v1, 108, 1837. Nahawas-hadai (Na wzawa’s xd/da-i, ‘watery-house people’). A subdivision of the Salendas, a family of the Eagle clan of the Haida. They used to give away so much grease at their feasts that the floor of their house was said to be ‘‘mud- dy’’ with it, hence the name.—Swanton, Cont. Haida, 276, 1905. Nahche (Na-ai-che, ‘mischievous,’ ‘meddlesome.’—George Wrattan). An Apache warrior, a member of the Chi- ricahua band. He is the second son of the celebrated Cochise, and as hereditary chief succeeded his elder brother, Tazi, on the death of the latter. His mother was a daughter of the notorious Mangas Coloradas. Asa child Nahche was med- dlesomeand mischievous, hence his name. He was the leading spirit in the many raids that almost desolated the smaller BULL. 30] settlements of Arizona and New Mexico and of northern Chihuahuaand Sonora be- tween 1881 and 1886, for which Geronimo, a medicine-man and malcontent rather than a warrior, received the chief credit. In the latter year Geronimo’s band, so called, of which Nahche was actually the chief, was captured by General Miles and taken as prisoners of war successively to Florida, Alabama, and finaily to Ft Sill, Okla., where Nahche still resides, re- spected by his own people as well as by the whites. He is now (1907) about 49 years of age. In his prime as a warrior he was described as supple and graceful, with long, flexible hands, and a rather handsome face. His present height is dft.10}in. Col. H. L. Scott (inf’n, 1907), NAHCHE for four years in charge of the Chiricahua prisoners in Oklahoma, speaks of Nahche as a most forceful and reliable man, faith- fulfy performing the- duties assigned to him as a prisoner, whether watched or not. He was proud and self-respecting, and was regarded by the Chiricahua at Ft Sill as their leader. In recent years, however, he has lost his old-time influ- ence as well as some of his trustworthi- ness (inf’n from Geo. Wrattan, official interpreter, 1907). Nahelta (Na-hel-ta). A subdivision of the Chasta (q. vy.) tribe of Oregon.—Sen. Ex. Doc. 48, 34th Cong., 3d sess., 10, 1873. Nahltushkan (‘town on outside of point’). A former Tlingit town on Whitewater bay, w. coast of Admiralty id., Alaska, belonging to the Hutsnuwu NAHELTA—NAIDENI 11 people. Pop. 246 in 1880, butsubsequently abandoned for Killisnoo. Naitu’ck-an.—Swanton, field notes, B. A. E., 1904. Neltu/schk’-an.—Krause, Tlinkit Ind., 118, 1885. Scutskon.—Petroff in Tenth Census, Alaska, 32, Nahpooitle. The chief village of the Cathlapotle tribe of the Chinookan fam- ily at the mouth of Lewis r., Clarke co., Wash.—Lyman in Oreg. Hist. Soc. Quar., I, 322, 1900. Nahpope ( Népop4, ‘soup’ ). A prominent warrior of Black Hawk’s band of Sauk and Foxes in the Black Hawk war of 1832. According to Whittlesey ( Wis. Hist. Coll., I, 71-2, 84, repr. 1903) Black Hawk was opposed to the war, but was overruled by the young men, who were sustained by Nahpope, who manifested intense hatred of the Americans. He was, however, largely influenced by Waupeshek, the so- called Prophet. Little has been recorded regarding his life. It is known that he took an active part in the Black Hawk war, and special mention is made of his command in the battle of Wisconsin heights, on Wisconsin r., near the pres- ent Sauk City, Wis. Here Nahpope’s band, reenforced by a score of Black Hawk’s warriors, made a valiant stand to cover the flight of the main body of his people down the bluffs and across the river, which was accomplished with slight loss. During the night following the bat- tle the Americans were for a time in a panic, caused by the noise in the Indian camp, which proved to have been only the applause of a speech by Nahpope in which he endeavored to arouse the Win- nebago to remain with them in the con- test. Nahpope continued in the war to its close, was captured and imprisoned with Black Hawk and his son, and finally released with them. While Nahpope was confined at Jefferson Barracks, Catlin painted his portrait. As his name is not appended to any treaty made by the Sauk and Foxes with the United States, the omission may be attributed to his con- temptfor the Americans. In thesummer preceding the Black Hawk war he visited the English authorities at Ft Malden, On- tario, to consult them in regard to the rights of the Indians to theirlands. After his release from prison nothing more is heard of him. His name is also written Naapope and Neapope. (Gran) Nahu (Na/-hii). The Medicine clan of the Honani (Badger) phratry of the Hopi.—Stephen in 8th Rep. B. A. E., 39, 1891. Nahuey. FB. Gap Nikikouek (from the Chippewa or a cognate dialectic term nikig ‘otter’, with anim. pl. suffix -ouek=‘ otter people’. Perrot says the form with initial m, Mik- ikouel, is from their own language; such is the case in the cognate Menominee mikig). A littieknown Algonquian tribe that formerly dwelt 5. of the Missisauga, among the rock caverns on the n. shore of L. Huron. They are described as lacking in courage, and having much to do with the tribes northward. Twicea year, like the Missisauga, they deserted their village to hunt and fish along the lake for stur- geon and other fish, and there obtained bark for constructing canoes and lodges. BULL. 30] On the approach of winter they fre- quented the lake shores to kill beaver and elk, whence they returned in the spring to plant and tend their corn. In 1653, jointly with the Saulteurs and the Missi- sauga, they so completely defeated an Iroquois war-party of 120 men that but few escaped. (J. N. B. H.) Gens de la Loutre.—Perrot (ca. 1724), Mémoire, 83, 1864. Mikikoues.—Ibid., 219. Mikikouet.— Ibid., 83. Nation de la Loutre.—Bacqueville de la Potherie, Hist. Amér. Sépt., 11, 48, 1753. Nation of the Otter.—Heriot, Trav., 209, 1807. Nigik.—Kel- ton, Ft Mackinac, 20, 1884. Nikicouek.—Jes. Rel., Ill, index, 1858. Nikikouek.—Jes. Rel. 1658, 22, 1858. Nikikoues.—Perrot, Mémoire, index, 1864. Nikishka. A Knaiakhotana village, of 57 inhabitants in 1880, near the head of Cook inlet, Alaska.—Petroff in 10th Cen- sus, Alaska, 29, 1884. Nikolaief (presumably named by the Russians after Tsar Nikolas). An Aleut village n. of Belkofski, on Alaska penin., Alaska; pop. 43 in 1880. Nikolaievsky.—Petroff in 10th Census, Alaska, 23, 1884. Nikolski. An Aleut settlement and trading post for otter skins on Umnak id., Alaska. Pop. 83 in 1834, 127 in 1880, 94 in 1890. Nikolskoje.-—Holmberg, Ethnog. Skizz., map, 1855. Nikolsky.—Elliott, Our Arct. Proy., 184, 1886. Oomnak.—Ibid., 179. Recheshnaia.—Veniaminoff quoted by Petroff in 10th Census, Alaska, 35, 1854. Retchechnoi.—Lutke quoted by Baker, Geog. Dict. Alaska, 462, 1906. Riechesnee.—Ibid., 1902. Ryitscheschnoje. —Holmberg, op. cit. Rychesnoi. — Veniaminoff (1833) quoted by Elliott, Cond. Aff. Alaska, 225, 1875. Umnak.—Eleventh Census, Alaska, 163, 1893. Nikozliautin (‘people of the river coy- ered with the enemy’s arrows’). A Ta- kulli clan or division on the s. half of Stuart lake and on Pintce r., Brit. Col. They inhabit two villages, Nakraztli and Pintce. The name comes from a legend of atribe of dwarfs who once attacked their village in such numbers that the — surface of Stuart r. was covered with float- ing arrows (Morice in Trans. Can. Inst., 188, 1891). The Nikozliautin are devout Catholics, sober, law-abiding, and hos- pitable. ‘Their main resources are hunt- ing, trapping, and fishing. Pop. 234 in 1906. Na-kas-le-tin.—Dawson in Rep. Geol. Sury. Gan., 30B, 1881. Nakazéteo-ten.—Smet, Miss. del’ Oregon, 63, 1844. Na- ka-ztli-tenne. —Morice, letter, 1890. Nakoozétenne.—Can. Ind. Ati S215: 1902. Na- ‘kra- ztli-’tenne.— Morice, Notes on W. Dénés, 26, 1893. Nancaushy Tine.—Jour. Anthrop. Inst., vil, 206, 1878. Nekaslay.—McLean, Hudson’s Bay, I, 262, 1849._Nekaslayans.—Ibid., 263. Nekasly. .—Ibid., 269. Nikozliantin, —Macdonald, British Columbine. 126,1862. Nikozliantins. —Domenech, Deserts of IN: Am., TI, 62, 1860: Nikozliautin. —Hale, Ethnog. and Philol., 202, 1846. Stewart’s Lake Indians, — Can. Ind. Aff., 79, 1878. Niktak. A Kaviagmiut Eskimo village on C. Prince of Wales, Alaska. Nikhtagmut,—Ze goskin, Descr, Russ. Poss. Am., I, 73,1847 (the people). Nilakshi (‘dawn’). A former Klamath settlement at or below Nilaks mtn., FE. shore of Upper Klamath lake, Oreg. The name is now used to designate Modoe NIKISHKA—NIMHAM el point, but it properly refers to Nilaks mtn. ridge only.—Gatschet in Cont. N. A. Ethnol:, 1, pt. 1, xxx, 1890. Nilakskni maklaks. Gatschet, op. cit., pt. 11, 243 (name of people). Nilalhuyu (Ni-lal-hu/-yu). A former Chumashan village on Santa Cruz id., CaJ., the inhabitants of which are said to have been celebrated for the practice of sorcery.—Henshaw, Buenaventura MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884. _ Nilestunne (Vi-l?sjinni’, ‘people at the small dam in the river’). A former vil- lage of the Mishikhwutmetunne on Coquille r., Oreg.—Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 111, 232, 1890. Niletunne. A former village of the Tututnionthe Oregon coast, being the first village s. of the Kusan village of Nasumi, s. of the mouth of Coquille r. Jake’s people.—Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 11, 233, 1890 (referring to some man on Siletz res.). Ni-le’ yanné’,—Ibid. Nilsumack. A Salish band, probably Cowichan, under the Fraser superinten- dency, Brit. Col.—Can. Ind. Aff., 78, 1878. Niltala. A Wikeno village on Rivers inlet, Brit. Col.—Boas in Petermanns Mitt., pt. 5, 130, 1887. Nim (newm or niim, ‘people’). A name adopted by Merriam (Science, x1x, 916, 1904) to designate a Mono- Paviotso divi- sion on the n. fork of San Joaquin r. and theadjacentregionin California. Regard- ing it, Kroeber (Univ. Cal. Pub., Am. Archeol. and Ethnol., rv, 119, 1907) says: ‘‘Nim is nota tribal name but the word for person, niim, which occurs also in other Mono dialects as far s. and £. as Kings r. and Owens r., so that it cannot be re- garded as distinctive of these people n. of the San Joaquin.”’ In one or another form it is the common Shoshonean desig- nation for ‘men,’ ‘people.’ Pa-zo-ods.—Merriam, op. cit. (Holkomah name). Nimatlala (Ni-mat-la’/-la). A former Chumashan village on Santa Cruz id., g. of Prisoners harbor. —Henshaw, Bu. enaventura MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884. Nimham, Daniel. A Wappinger chief, noted not only for his active par ticipation in the wars of 1746 and 1754, but espe- cially for his efforts to recover for his tribe the lands lying along the x. side of Hud- son r. that had been taken from it while aiding the English. The earliest recorded notice of him is Oct. 13, 1730, the date of an affidavit in which it is stated that the deponent was ‘‘a River Indian of the tribe of the Wappinoes’’ (Ruttenber, Tribes Hudson R., 51, 1872). Nimham was made chief sachem in 1740; his resi- dence after 1746 was at Westenhuck. In 1755, with most of his fighting men, he entered the English service under Sir Williami Johnson, and about 1762, in company with some Mohegan chiefs of Connecticut, went to England on a mis- sion regarding their land claims. They 72 received a favorable hearing, and on their return to America their claims were brought into court, but were lost to sight during the Revolution. Nimham was killed at the battle of Kingsbridge, N. Y., Aug. 31, 1778, while fighting bravely in the cause of the Americans. Near the entrance to Pelham’s Neck, Westchester co., N. Y., were, according to Ruttenber (op. Cuts, 81), two large mounds, pointed out as the sepulchers | of Ann-Hoock and Nimham. Thenameof Daniel Nimham, as well as those of Aaron, John, and Isaac Nimham, appear in the rolls of New York men enlisted in the service of the Revolution. As Indians are included in the list, Daniel Nimham is doubtless the subject of this sketch. (esr) Nimitapal. A former Chumashan vil- lage on Santa Cruz id. (the San Lucas of Cabrillo), Cal., in 1542. Possibly the same as Nimatlala. Nimetapal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 17, 1863. Nimitapal.—Cabrillo (1542) in Smith, Colec. Doe. Fla., 181, 1857. ? ; Nimkish (*Ne’mgés). A Kwakiutl tribe on and about the river of the same name inN. E. Vancouver id. According to Rev. A. J. Hall they derived their name from that of a mythical halibut, called Num- hya-li-gi-va, which caused a tide- -rip off the pointof the bay. Thegentes, according to Boas, are Gyigyilkam, Nenelkyenok, Sisintlae, Tlatlelamin, and Tsetsetloala- kemae. Pop. 151 in 1901, 134 in 1906. &NE/mgées. —Boas in Mem. Am, Mus. Nat. Hist., V, pt. 1, 133, 1902. Ne’mk‘ic.—Boasin 6th Rep.N.W- Tribes Can., 54, 1890. Ne: mqic.—Boas in Rep. Nat- Mus. 1895, 331, 1897. Némgisch.—Boas in Peter- manns Mitt., pt. 5, 130, 1887. Nim-keesh.—Can. Ind- Aff.1884,190, 1885.’ Nimkis. —Taylorin Cal. Farmer, July 19, 1862. Nim-kish.—Kane, Wand. in N. A., app., 1859. Nimpkish.—Mayne, Brit. Col., 179, 1862. Num-kés.—Hall quoted by Dawson in Trans. Roy. Soe. Can., sec. 11, 72, 1887. : Nimoyoyo. A Chumashan village on San Miguel id. (the Isla de Juan Rod- riguez of Cabrillo), Cal., in 1542. Nimilolo.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 17, 1863. -Nimollollo.—Cabrillo (1542) in Smith, Colee. Doc. Fla., 186,1857. ati Nimsewi (‘big river’). A division of Maidu living on upper Butte cr., near the edge of the timber in Butte co., Cal. Nemshan.—Bancroft Nat. Races, I, 450, 1882. Nem- shaw.—Hale, Ethnog. and Philol., 631, 1846. _Nem- shoos.—Bancroft, op. cit. Nemshous.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, June 8, 1860. Nim Sewi.—Curtin, MS. voeab., B. A. E., 1885. Nim’-shu.—Powers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 11, 283, 1877 (from nem-sé-u, ‘big river’). Nim-sirs.—Johnston (1850) in Sen. Ex. Doe. 4, 32d Cong., spec. sess., 45, 1853. Nim- skews.—Beale in Sen. Ex. Doc. 57, 32d Cong., 2d sess., 15, 1853. Nim-sus.—Johnston in Ind. Aff. Rep., 124, 1850. Ninchopan (‘bear’). now nearly extinct. Nintchopan.—Gatschet, Tonkawe MS. yoeab., B. A. E., 1884. Nintropan.—Ibid. Ningweegon. See Negwagon. Ninibatan ( Niniba-t‘a”, ‘keepers of the pipe’). A-subgens of the Mandhinka- gaghe gens of the Omaha.—Dor sey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 228, 1897. A Tonkawa clan, NIMITAPAL—NINIVOIS [B. A. E. Ninibatan A subgens of the Tapa gens of the Omaha. Ninibatan. A subgens of the Inshta- sanda gens of the Omaha, consolidated prior to 1880 with another subgens known as the Real Inshtasanda. Ninigret. A sachem of the Niantic in the region about Westerly, R. I., and a cousin of Miantonomo. Besides the name Ninigret, Nenekunat, etc., he bore earlier that of Janemo or Ayanemo, by which he first became known to the English (Drake, Inds. of N. Am., 131, 1880). He visited Boston in 1637. After the death of Miantonomo he began war against the Mohegan, but the English interfered, and a treaty was signed at Boston in 1647. Contemporary chroniclers have left a de- tailed account of the appearance of Nini- gret before the commissioners and _ his conduct on that occasion, which was much to his credit. Later (1652) Ninigret vis- ited the Dutch at Manhattan, arousing the suspicions of the English, which were groundless. The next year he made war upon the Long Island Indians. He abstained from personal activity during King Philip’s war, but had trouble in keeping terms with the English. He secured to himself and heirs the tribal land near Charlestown; and after the cap- ture of Nanuntenoo (Canonchet), the last chief of the Narraganset, that tribe was consolidated with the Niantic under Nini- gret. The latter and Miantonomo were lifelong rivals of Uncas. Notwithstand- ing his pacific tendencies, Ninigret was drawn into conflict with the Montauk of E. Long Island in 1659. Aptly called by Mather ‘‘an old crafty sachem,’’ he seems to have preserved his pride, of which he possessed an inordinate amount, and his property as well, without being obliged to fight for either. Ninigret died full of years some time before the close of the century. He consistently opposed Chris- tianity, and told Mayhew, the mission- ary, to ‘‘go and make the English good first.”’ (A. F.C.) Ninilchik. A Knaiakhotana village of 18 houses on the £. coast of Cook inlet, s. of the mouth of Kasilof r., Alaska; inhabited in 1890 by 45 natives and 36 Russian creole descendants of the convict colony of 1793. Munina.—Wosnesenski’s map (ca. 1840) cited by Baker, Geog. Dict. Alaska, 463, 1906. Ninilchik.— Petroff in Tenth Census, Alaska, 27, 1884. Ninivois. A Fox chief in command of the warriors of his tribe at the siege of Detroit by Pontiac, in 1763. Ninivois and Take, leader of the Hurons, appear to have been the most active aids of Pon- tiac at the commencement and during the early part of the siege (Mich. Pion. Coll., Vitt, 266-339, 1886), and next to Pontiac were the leaders in the councils of the besiegers and the first to begin the invest- BULL. 30] ment of the fort. Fulton (Red Men of Towa, 477, 1882) writes his name Ninivay and says he was a Potawatomi. (c.'T.) Ninnipaskulgee (‘highroad people’, from Creek nini-paski ‘swept road’, algi ‘people’). A former band or tribe of Upper Creeks, probably near Tucka- batchi, Elmore co., Ala. Ninny-pask-ulgees.—Woodward, Remin., 37, 1859. Road Indians.—Ibid. Ninstints. A Haida town which for- merly stood on Anthony id., at the s. end of Queen Charlotte ids., Brit. Col. The native name was Sga/nguai (‘Red- cod island’), Ninstints being the white. man’s corruption of the town-chief’s name, Nungstins (Nai stins, ‘he who is two’). All the people from this end of Moresby id. gathered there in compara- tively recent times. The reninant have since abandoned the place and settled at Skidegate. It is impossible to identify absolutely the name of this town with that of any given in John Work’s list of 1836-41, but it is probably referred to as ‘*Quee-ah,’’ a town to which he assigned 20 houses and a population of 308. At the present day there are probably not a dozen Ninstints people left. The family to which the chief of this town belonged was the Sakikegawai. See Swanton, Cont. Haida, 105, 277, 1905. (a. R. s.) Nensti’ns,—Boas, 12th Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 25, 1898. Ninstance.—Dawson, Queen Charlotte Ids., 169, 1880. Ninstence.—Poole, Queen Charlotte Ids., 195, 1872. Ninstints.—Dawson, op. cit. Sg’a’nguai.—Boas, op. cit. Ninumu. A Chumashan village on one of the Santa Barbara ids., Cal., probably Santa Rosa, in 1542. Ninimu.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 17, 1863. Ninumu.—Cabrillo (1542) in Smith, Colec. Doc. Fla., 186, 1857. Ninvok. A Chnagmiut Eskimo village near the delta of Yukon r., Alaska. Ninvaug.—Zagoskin in Nouy. Ann. Voy., 5th s., XXI, map, 1850. Ninyuelgual. A former Chumashan village near Purisima mission, Santa Barbara co., Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. Nio. A small tribe, probably Piman, long extinct, which formerly resided in n. Sinaloa, Mexico, their village, the seat of the mission of San Ignacio de Nio, occupying the site of the present town of the same name. Zapata, in 1678 (Doc. Hist. Mex., 4th s., 11, 404, 1854), said that a league and a half nN. r. of San Pedro de Guazave was the pueblo of San Ignacio de Nio, in which the language spoken, called Nio, was particular unto itself, though the Mexican was also in common use. Alegre (Hist. Comp. Jesus, 1, 294, 1841) states that Father Mendez, who had entered Sinaloa as a missionary, recommended ‘‘the pueblos and_ lan- guages of the Ocoroiri [Ocoroni], Nio, and some others which he had held, to the charge of Father Tapia.”’ NINNIPASKULGEE—NIPISSING 73 Niowe. Mentioned by Bartram (Trav- els, 371, 1792) as a Cherokee settlement on the headwaters of Tennessee r. about the year 1775. Possibly intended for Nayt’hi, which signifies ‘sand place.’ Cf. Noewe. (J.M. ) Nipaguay. A Dieguefo village near San Diego, s. Cal., about 6 m. from the old presidio to which, in 1774, the mission was removed. See San Diego. Nypagudy.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Feb. 22, 1860. Nipigiguit. A former Micmac village on the site of Bathurst, at the mouth of Nipisiguit r., New Brunswick. The French mission of Sainte Magdalen was there in 1645. Nepegigouit.—Jes. Rel. 1645, 35,1858. Nipigiguit.— Vetromile, Abnakis, 59, 1866. Nipisiguit —Mem- bré quoted by Shea, Miss. Val., 86, 1852. Nipinchen. Given by Bolton (Hist. Westchester Co., 1881) as a former Indian fort on the n. side of Spuyten Duyvil (or Papirinemen) cr., at its junction with Hudson r. from the £., in Westchester co., N.Y. Ruttenber (Ind. Geog. Names, 22, 1906) says the name belongs on the w. side of the Hudson, at Konstable’s Hook, and doubts that there was any real settlement there. Cf. Nipinichsen. Nipinichsen. A former Manhattan vil- lage on the rg. bank of Hudson r., just above Spuyten Duyvil, N. Y.—Ruttenber, Tribes Hudson R., 77, 1872. Nipissing (‘at the little water or lake’, referring to L. Nipissing; Nipisirinien, ‘little-water people’). A tribe of the Algonkin. Whenthey first became known to the French, in 1613, they were residing in the vicinity of L. Nipissing, Ontario, which has been their home during most of the time to the present. Having been attacked, about 1650, by the Iroquois, and many of them slain, they fled for safety to L. Nipigon (Mackenzie, Voy., xli, note, 1802), where Allouez visited them in 1667, but they were again on L. Nipissing in 1671. A part of the tribe afterward went to Three Rivers, and some resided with the Catholic Iroquois at Oka, where they still have a village. Some of these as- sisted the French in 1756. It is their dia- lect which is represented in Cuoq’s Lex- ique de la Langue Algonquine. They were a comparatively unwarlike people, firm friends of the French, readily ac- cepting the Christian teachings of the missionaries. Although having a fixed home, they were semi-nomadic, going s. in autumn to the vicinity of the Hurons to fish and prepare food for the winter, which they passed among them. They cultivated the soil toa slight extent only, traded with the Cree in the n., and were much given to jugglery and shamanistic practices, on which account the Hurons and the whites called them Sorcerers. Their chiefs were elective, and their totems, according to Chauvignerie (N. Y. . 74 Doce. Col. Hist., x, 1053, 1855), were the heron, beaver, birechbark, squirrel, and blood. No reliable statistics in regard to their numbers have beenrecorded. The Indians now ona reservation on L. Nipis- sing are Officially classed as Chippewa; they numbered 162 in 1884, and 223 in 1906. A Nipissing division was called Miskouaha. (J. M.) Askic8aneronons,.—Jes. Rel. 1639, 88, 1858 ( =‘ sor- cerers’—Hewitt). Askik8anehronons.—Jes. Rel. 1641, 81,1858. Askikouaneronons,—Ibid. Aweatsi- waenrrhonon.—Jes. Rel., Thwaites ed., x, 83, 1897. Bisserains.—Champlain (ca. 1624), Guvres, v, 2d pt., 79, 1870. Bisseriniens,—Sagard (1636), Can., I, 190, 1866. Bissiriniens,—Jes. Re].1635,18,1858. Bys- siriniens.—Charlevoix (1744), New France,I, 95, 1866. Ebicerinys.—Sagard (1636), Can., I, 172, 1866. Epesengles.—McKenney and Hall, Ind. Tribes, 111, 80, 1854. Epicerinyens.—Sagard (1636), Can., Ill, 727, 1866. Epicerinys.—Ibid., 1v, Huron Dict., 1866. Epiciriniens,—Sagard (1636) quoted by Park- man, Pioneers, 351, 1883. Episingles.—Dumont, Mem. of La., VI, 135, 1753. Epissingue.—Writer of 1756 in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., x, 485, 1858. Tlgon- quines.—La Salle (1682) in French, Hist. Coll. La., I, 46,1846. Juskwaugume.—Jones, Ojebway Inds., 178, 1861. Kekerannon-rounons. — Lamberville (1686) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., 111, 489, 1858. Longs Cheveux.—Jes. Rel. 1671, 35, 1858. Nation des Sor- ciers,—.Jes. Rel. 1632, 14, 1858. Nebicerini.—Cham- plain (1613), G@uvres, 111, 295, 1870. Neperinks.— Clinton (1745) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., v1, 276, 1855. Nepesangs.—Pike, Exped., pt. 1, app., 62, 1810. Nepesinks.—Clinton (1745) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., VI, 281,1855. Nepessins.—Buchanan, N. Am. Inds., I, 139, 1824. Nepicerinis.—Lahontan, New Voy., I, 148, 1703. Nepicinquis.—Chauvignerie (1736) quoted by Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 554, 1853. Nepicirenians.—Heriot,-Trav., 195, 1807. Nepiciri- niens.—Bacqueville de la Potherie, 11, 48, 1753. Nepiscenicens.—Boudinot, Star in the West, 127, 1816. Nepiseriniens.—La Barre (1682) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., 1X, 196, 1855. Nepisin.—Dobbs, Hudson Bay, map, 1744. Nepisinguis.—Mackenzie, Voy., xlii,1801. Nepisirini.—Lahontan, New Voy., I, 231, 1703. Nepisseniniens.—Doc. of 1695 in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., 1x, 599, 1855. Nepissens.—Boudinot, Star in the West, 127, 1816. Nepisseriens, —Du Chesneau (1681) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., 1x, 160, 1855. Nepis- seriniens.—Doc. of 1697, ibid., 669. Nepissings.— Doc. of 1695, ibid., 599. Népissingues.—Ibid., 602. Népissiniens.—Ibid., 596. Nepissiriens.—Du Ches- neau (1681), ibid., 160. Nepissiriniens.—Doc. of 1693, ibid., 566. Nibissiriniens.—Parkman, Pio- neers, 351, 1883. Nipeceriniens.—Colden (1727), Five Nations, 28, 1747. Nipercineans.—School- craft, Ind. Tribes, 1, 807, 1851. Nipicirinien,— Jes. Rel. 1639, 14, 1858. WNipisierinij,—Champlain (1615), GEuvres, Iv, 21, 1870. Nipisings,—Cox, Columbia R., 11, 142, 1831. Nipisingues.—Henry, Trav., 30, 1809. Nipisinks,—German Flats conf. (1770) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., VII, 229, 1857. Nipi- siriniens.—Jes. Re].1636,69, 1858. Nipissings.—Doc. of 1741 in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist.,1x,1080,1855. Nipis- singues.—Du Chesneau (1679), ibid., 133. Nipis- sins,—Smith, Bouquet’s Exped., 69, 1766. Nipis- siriniens.—Jes. Rel. 1641, 81,1858. Nipissirinioek.— Trumbull, Algonk. Names for Man, 18, 1871 (=‘small lake men’). Nipistingues.—Lettres Edif., 1,696, 18388. Nippsingues.—Frontenac (1682) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., 1X, 182, 1855. Nipsang.— Lear (1792) in Am. St. Pap., Ind. Aff., I, 244, 1832. Nypissings.—Lamberville (1686) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., 111, 489, 1853. Nypsins.—Long,. Exped. St Peters R., 1, 151, 1824. Odishk-wa-gami.—Bar- aga, Eng.-Otch. Dict., 11, 1878 (Chippewa name; Cuoq renders it ‘at the last water,’ but Chamber- lain prefers‘ [people] onthe other side ofthe lake’). Odishkwa-Gamig.— Trumbull, Algonk. Names for Man, 18, 1872 (‘people of the last lake’; from ishkwa‘ at the end of’, gamit ‘lake’ or ‘water’: Chippewa name). O-dish-quag-um-eeg.—School- eraft, Ind. Tribes, 11, 139, 1852. O-dish-quag- um-ees.—Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep., 91, 1850. Odishquahgumme.—Wilson, Ojebway Lang., 157, 1874 (= ‘Algonquin Indians’). Otick-waga-mi.— Cuog, Lex. Iroqg., 42, 1882. Outiskouagami.— NIPKY—NIPMUC [B. A. B. Jes. Rel. 1671, 35, 1858. Outisquagamis.—Andre (1671) quoted by Shea, Cath. Miss., 365, 1855. Pisierinii.—Champlain (1616), uvres, Iv, 61, 1870. Pisirinins.—Ibid., 63, 1870. Quiennontateronons.— Sagard (1636), Can., Iv, index, 1866. Quieunonta- teronons.—Ibid., 111,750,1866. Skaghnanes.—Mess. of 1763 in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., vir, 544, 1856. Skaghquanoghronos.—Johnson (1763), ibid., 582. Skecaneronons.—Sagard (1636), Can., III, 727, 1866. Skekaneronons.—Ibid., I, 148, 1866. Skekwanen-hro- non.—Cuoq, Lex. Iroq., 42, 1883 (Mohawk name). Skequaneronon.—Sagard (1632), Can., Iv, Huron Dict., 1866. Skighquan.—Livingston (1701) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., Iv, 899, 1854. Sorcerers.—Mac- lean, Can. Savage Folk, 359, 1896 (English ren- dering of name by which they were known to early French missionaries). Squekaneronons.— Sagard (1686), Can., 1,172, 1866 (Huron name). Tuskwawgomeeg.—Tanner, Narr., 316, 1830 (Ottawa Name). Nipky. Probably a Lower Creek town, as ‘‘Appalya, beloved man of Nipky,”’ is mentioned among the Lower Creek chiefs in a document dated Frederica, Ga., in 1747.—McCall, Hist. Ga., 1, 367, 1811. Nipmue (from Nipamaug, ‘fresh-water fishing place’). The inland tribes of central Massachusetts living chiefly in the s. part of Worcester co., extending into Connecticut and Rhode Island. Their chief seats were on the headwaters of Blackstone and Quinebaug rs., and about the ponds of Brookfield. Hassana- mesit seems to have been their principal village in 1674, but their villages had no apparent political connection, and the different parts of their territory were sub- ject to their more powerful neighbors, the Massachuset, Wampanoag, Narragan- set, and Mohegan, and even tributary to the Mohawk. The Nashua, dwelling far- ther n., are sometimes classed with the Nipmuc, but were rather a distinct body. The New England missionaries had 7 villages of Christian Indians among them in 1674; but on the outbreak of King Philip’s war in the next vear almost all of them joined the hostile tribes, and at its close fled to Canada or westward to the Mahican and other tribes on the Hudson. The following villages and bands prob- ably belonged to the Nipmuc: Acoome- meck, Chabanakongkomun, Chachau- bunkkakowok, Hadley Indians, Hassa- namesit, Magunkaquog, Manchaug, Man- exit, Massomuck, Medfield, Menemesseg, Metewemesick, Missogkonnog, Musketa- quid, Nashobah, Nichewaug, Okomma- kamesit, Pakachoog, Quabaug, Quahmsit, Quantisset, Quinebaug, Segunesit, Squaw- keag, Tatumasket, Totapoag, Wacuntug, Wenimesset, and Woruntuck. (J. M.) Neepemut.—Williams (1637) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 4th s., vr, 190, 1863. Neepmucks,—{bid., 3d s., 1X, 300, 1846. Neepnet.—Williams (ca. 1636), ibid., 4th s., vi, 188, 1863. Neipnett.—Winthrop (1632)—-quoted by Barber, Hist. Coll., 570, 1841. Nepmets.—Higginson (1637) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 4th s., vi, 396, 1865 (misprint?). Nep mock.— Stephens (1675), ibid.,3ds., x, 117, 1849. Nepnet — McKenney and Hall, Ind. Tribes, 1m, 82, 1854. Nibenets.—Maurault, Abenakis, 2, 1866. Nip- moog.—Writer of 1675 quoted by Drake, Ind. Chron., 19, 1886. Nipmucks.—Williams (1660) in R. I. Col. Ree., I, 40, 1856. Nipmug.—Letter of 1675 in N. H. Hist. Soc. Coll., 11, 6, 1827, Nipmuk.— BULL. 30) Eliot (1659) quoted by Drake, Bk. Inds., bk. 2, 80, 1848. Nipnet.—Eliot (1649) quoted by Barber, Hist. Coll., 570, 1841. Nipnett.—Dudley (1631) in N. H. Hist. Soe. Coll., Iv, 226, 1834. Nopnat.— Writer of 1647 quoted by Drake, Bk. Inds., bk. 2, 18, 1848. : Nipoma. A former Chumashan village near Santa Inez mission, Santa Barbara co., Cal. (Taylor in Cal. Farmer, May 4, 1860). Perhaps the same as Nipomo. Nipomo. A former village under San Luis Obispo mission, 8 m. inland from San Luis Obispo, Cal. Perhaps the same village (Nipoma) given by Taylor as near Santa Inez mission. Ni-po-mo.—Schumacher in Smithson. Rep. 1874, 342, 1875. Niquesesquelua. A Chumashan village on one of the Santa Barbara ids., Cal., eauly Santa Rosa, in 1542. iquesesquelna.—Wheeler Sury. Rep., vil, 311, 1879. Nisquesesquelua.—Cabrillo (1542) in Smith, Colec. Doc. Fla., 186, 1857. Niquipos. A Chumashan village on either Santa Rosa or Santa Cruz id., Cal., in 1542. Niquipos.—Cabrillo (1542) in Smith, Colee. Doc. Fla., 181, 1857. Nquipos.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 17, 1863. Nirdlirn. A summer settlement of the Kingnaitmiut subtribe of the Okomiut Eskimo on the n. coast near the head of Cumberland sd., Baffinland.—Boas in 6th Rep. B. A. E., map, 1888. Nisal (Nisd/). A division of the Chi- nook tribe formerly residing on Nasal r., Pacifie co., Wash. GiLa’/lélam.—Boas, Chinook Texts, 260, 1894 (own name). Nasal.—Swan, N. W. Coast, 211, 1857. Nisal.—Boas, op. cit. Niscak (‘bustard’). A tribe or divi- sion mentioned with other Algonquian tribes of the region between L. Superior and Hudson bay in the Prise de Possession (1671) in Perrot, Mém., 293, 1864. They were perhaps a gens of the Ottawa. Nishinam (from nisenani, ‘our rela- tions’). The southern branch of the Maidu, occupying the valley of Bear r., Cal. While this portion of the Maidu is in some ways distinct from the north- ern branches, all of this family are so similar in every respect that even without the fact of the complete linguistic unity which they represent it would seem illogical to separate them. The Nishinam divisions and villages, which were once populous and numerous along Bear r., are as follows: Divisions—Koloma, Pusune, Vesnak, and Wapumne. Villages—Bush- amul,Chuemdu, Hamitinwoliyu, Intanto, Kaluplo, Kapaka, Lelikian, Lidlipa, Mu- lamchapa, Opelto, Pakanchi, Pulakatu, Shokumimlepi, Shutamul, Solakiyu, Ta- lak, Toanimbuttuk, and Yokolimdu. See Maidu, Pujunan Family. (R. B.D. ) Nishinam.—Powersin Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 111, 282, 1877. Nis-se-non.—Merriam in Science, N. 8., XIX, 914, 1904 (or, Nishinam). Tainkoyo,—Cur- tin, MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1885. Tanko,—Dixon, inf’n, 1903 (northern Maidu name; probably from tai, ‘west’: Tai-nko,.‘having the west’). ae ee in Bull. Essex Inst, 1870, 11, 28, 1871. NIPOMA—NISKA 75 Nishtuwekulsushtun (Ni/-ctu-we-ytl/-stic- tim). A former village of the Chastacosta on Rogue r., Oreg.—Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 11, 234, 1890. Nisibourounik. Oneofthe fourdivisions of the Cree.—Jes. Rel. 1658, 22, 1858. Niska. The dialectic name for one of the three Chimmesyan divisions, the other two being the Kitksan and the Tsimshian. Intradition, art, and manner of living these three divisions are closely allied, with such geographic differences as would naturally occur. In language less than one-third of the vocabulary is common to all, a like proportion varies in accent, while the remainder is different and more local in character. Dialectic differences are much less marked between the two interior river divisions than be- tween either of them and the Tsimshian of the coast. The territory of the Niska includes Ob- servatory inlet, Nass bay, and the drain- age basin of Nass r. and its tributaries, but those northern sources that interlock with the Iskoot and the Stikine rs. are claimed also by the Tahltan, and over this contention have occurred many wars that havealwayskeptthese peopleapart. The Niska villages have always been on the main river and show evidence of consid- erable size. The houses, in a single row, follow the contour of the shore; they are built of hewn timbers in the form of a parallelogram, with a central open fire- place of gravel, and a smoke-hole in the roof. Carved heraldic columns stand in front, in which the crest of the deceased is shown at the base and that of the suc- cessor at the top, and in one old village grave-houses of logs surmounted by ani- mal and bird forms in wood and stone, representing the totemic emblems of the dead, rest on the river bank in the midst of the columns. With the establishment of missions the older villages have generally been de- serted and the people are being concen- trated at three points, under the super- vision of missionaries of the Church of England, and small modern dwellings are taking the place of the old communal house. Modern ideas prevail, and the condition of the people is a credit to both their teachers and themselves. The villages, past and present, together with the more important village sites, are: Kincolith, Kitaix, Lakkulzap or Green- ville, Gwinwork, Lakungida or Ankeegar, Kisthemuwelgit or Willshilhtumwill- willgit, Qunahhair, Kitwinshilk,Sheaksh, Aiyansh, Kitlakdamix, and Kitwinlkole. Other town names have been given, as follows, but these, wholly or in part, may duplicate some of the above: Kitahon, Kitangata, Kitlakaous, and Andeguale. The Niska were divided geographically into the Kitkahteen (‘people of the lower 76 valley’), including those below the can- yon, and the Kitanweliks (‘people of the upper river’), comprising those above this point. Tradition tells that long ago when the principal village was across the river to the southward, some little boys were amusing themselves by catching salmon, cutting slits in their backs in which they inserted flat stones, and then letting them go, playing they were whales. This so incensed the guardian spirit that, rising from the mountain to the southward enveloped in a wide spreading black cloud that changed day into night, with eyes of flame and voice of thunder, he rolled down the mountain side as a river of fire and swept the village away. The people fled across the river and took refuge on the hills until quiet was re- stored, when they divided, some settling at Kitlakdamix and there retaining the oldname of Kitauwiliks, while the others, founding Kitwinshilk on the rocks over- looking the rapids, were ever afterward known by the name of their village as ‘The people among the lizards.’ The social organization is founded upon matriarchy, and is dependent’ upon the existence of four exogamous parties, dis- tinguished by their crests, who inter- marry and who supplement one another on all occasions of ceremony. These parties are subdivided into families who are represented by minor crests but who still retain the party emblem. These four parties are: (1) Laghkepo, repre- sented by the Wolf and haying as its subdivisions the Brown-bear, Crow, Crane, and Red-wing flicker; (2) Lagh- keak, represented by the Eagle and hav- ing as its subdivisions the- Beaver, Owl, Dog-fish, and Squirrel; (3) Kanhadda, represented by the Raven and having as its subdivisions the Frog, Sea-lion, Scul- pin, and Star-fish; (4) Kishpootwada, represented by the Killer-whale and hay- ing as its subdivisions the Osprey and the Bear-under-Water. (Boas gives the following subdivisions: Gyitkadok, Lak- seel, Laktiaktl, Gyitgyigyenik, Gyitwul- nakyel, Gyiskabenak, Lakloukst, Gy- itsaek, Laktsemelik, and Gyisgahast. He assigns the first two to the Raven phratry, the next three to the Wolf phratry, the four following to the Eagle phratry, and the last to the Bear phratry.) The Niska look to the river for their food supply, which consists principally of salmon and eulachon. Indeed it is owing to the enormous number of the latter fish that run in to spawn in the early spring that the name Nass, mean- ing ‘the stomach, or food depot’, has been given to the river. In 1902 the population of the Niska towns was 842; in 1906, 814. (G. T. E.) NISKAP—NISSOW AQUET {B. A. BL Naas River Indians.—Scott in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1869, 563, 1870. Naseah.—Brit. Col. map, Ind. Aff., Vic- toria, 1872. Nascars.—Horetzky, Canada on Pac., 126, 1874. Nasqa.—Dorsey in Am. Antiq., XIX, 277, 1897. Nass.—Dunn, Hist. Oregon, 279, 1844. Nasya.—Boas in Zeit. fiir Ethnol., 231, 1888. Nishgar.—Can. Ind. Aff. Rep., 432, 1896. Nishka,— Horetzky, op. cit., 219. Niska.-—Tolmie and Daw- son, Vocabs. Brit. Col., 1138, 1884. Nisk‘a’,— Boas in 10th Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 48, 1895. Nis-kah.—Gibbs in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., I, 148, 1877. Nuss-ka.—Krause, Tlinkit Ind., 318, 1885. Old- nass,—Scott in H.R. Ex. Doc. 65, 36th Cong., Ist sess., 115, 1860 (probably identical). Niskap. Mentioned with the Smulka- mish as bands residing on the Muckle- shoot res., Wash. Perhaps a subdivi- sion of the Puyallup. Nooscope.—Gosnell in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1857, 338, 1858. White River Indians.—Gosnell in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1856, 338, 1857. Nisqualli. A Salish tribe on and about the river of the same name flowing into the s. extension of Puget sd., Wash. The Nisqualli res. is on Nisqualli r. be- tween Pierce and Thurston cos. The name has also been extended to apply to those tribes of the rE. side of Puget sd. speaking the same dialect as the above. Such are the Puyallup, Skagit, Snoho- mish, Snokwalmu, and Stilakwamish. Mitsukwie was a former Nisqualli village. The Nisqualli made a treaty with the United States at Medicine cr., Wash., Dec. 26, 1854, ceding certain lands and resery- ing others. The Executive order of Jan. 20, 1857, defined the present Nisqualli res. Askwalli.—Gatschet, Kalapuya MS., B. A. E., 31 (Calapooya name). Ltsyéals.—Gibbs, Nestucca voeab., B. A. E. (Nestueca name). Nasqually.— White in Ind. Aff. Rep., 460, 1843. Nesquallis.— Duflot de Mofras, Expl., 117, 335, 1844. Nesqually.— U.S. Stat. at Large, x1, 395, 1867. Nez-quales.— Smet, Letters, 231, 1843. Nez qually.—Hines, Oregon, 29, 1851. Niskwali.—Gatschet in Proc. A. A. A.S., XXXI,577,1882. Niskwalli.—Gibbs in Cont. N. A. Ethnol.,1,178, 1877 (used collectively). Nisqualies.—Domenech, Deserts N.A., 1, 442, 1860. Nisquallis.—Sterrett (1855) in Sen. Ex. Doce. 26, 34th Cong., Istsess., 65,1856. Nisqually.—Hale in U.S. Expl. Exped., v1,211, 1846. N’squallii—Gibbs, . MS. no. 248, B. A. E. (name strictly belongs to the village at the first dam on Nisqualli r.). Qual- liamish.—Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, VI, 688, 1857. Quallyamish.—Lane quoted by Schoolcraft, ibid., I, 521, 1851. Skwale.—Hale in U. S. Expl. Exped., VI, 211, 1846. Sk’wa-lé-ibe.—McCaw, Puyallup MS. voecab., B. A. E., 1885 (Puyallup name). Skwali.—Latham in Trans. Philol. Soc. Lond., 71, 1856. Skwalliahmish.—Gibbs in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 1, 178, 1877. Skwalz.—Gallatin (1846) in Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 402, 1853. Squalli- ah-mish.—Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., 1, 435, 1855. Squalli-a-mish.—Tolmie, ibid., 434. Squally-ah- mish.—Starling in Ind. Aff. Rep., 170, 1852. Squallyamish.—Scouler in Jour. Geog. Soc. Lond., I, 224, 1841. Squawlees.—Meek in H. R. Ex. Doc. 76, 30th Cong., Ist sess., 10, 1848. Squiath.—Ind. Aff. Rep. 1856, 265, 1857. Tsé Skualli amim.—Gat- schet, Lakmiut MS., B. A. E., 105 (Lakmiut- Kalapuya name). : Nissowaquet. An Ottawa chief, known to the French as La Fourche, who during most of his life resided at Michilimackinae, Mich. He is said to have been made head chief of his tribe as early as 1721 (Grignon in Wis. Hist. Coll., mm, 198, 1857), at which time Charles DeLanglade, his close friend and aid, married his sis- ter Domitilde. Nissowaquet allied him- BULL. 30] self with the French in their war with the English, and it is said was present at Ft Duquesne at the time of Braddock’s de- feat. He is said to have been still living in 1780 (Draper in Wis. Hist. Coll., 1m, 199, 1857; Mich. Pion. Coll., x, 406, 1888). His name isalso spelled Nissaoua- kouad (Wis. Hist. Coll., vm, 125, 1876). Nitahauritz. One of the 4 Alibamu towns formerly existing w. of the con- fluence of Cabo (Cahawba) and Alabama rs., in Dallas co., Ala. Nitahaurithz.—Lattré, Carte des Etats-Unis, 1784. Nitahauritz.—Jefferys, Am. Atlas, map 5, 1776. Nitak. A Knaiakhotana village on the E. side of Knik bay, at the head of Cook inlet, Alaska, containing 15 persons in 1880. Nitak.— Baker, Geog. Dict. Alaska, 1901. Nitakh.— Petroff in 10th Census, Alaska, 29, 1884. Nitakoskitsipupiks (‘obstinate’). A band of the Piegan tribe of the Siksika. Ne-ta’-ka-ski-tsi-pup’-iks.—Hayden, Ethnog. and Philol. Mo. Val., 264, 1862 (trans. ‘people that have theirown way’). Nit/-ak-os-kit-si-pup-iks, — Grinnell, Blackfoot Lodge Tales, 209, 1892. Obsti- nate.—Ibid., 225. ; ‘ Nitawaliks. Given as a Chimmesyan tribe on upper Nass r., Brit. Col.—Tolmie and Dawson, Vocabs. Brit. Col., 113:, 1884. Nitawyiks (‘lone eaters’). -haka.—Hewitt, inf’n, 1889 (common nameas given by the Iroquois; pos- sibly ‘fork of a stream’). Wanjoacks,—Martin,» North Carolina, I, 14, 1829 (misprint). Nouista. An unidentified village or tribe in alliance with the Kadohadacho in 1687.—Joutel in Margry, Déc., 11, 410, 1878. Noutchaoff. An unidentified Bellacoola town on a river of the same name in British Columbia. Nout-chaoff.—Mayne, Brit. Col., 147, 1862. Novaculite. A very fine-grained and compact chalcedonic (quartz) rock, ordi- dinariiy white or whitish in color, and often distinguished by the archeologist by its somewhat translucent waxen ap- pearance. It occurs in vast bodies in connection with Ordovician (Lower Silu- rian) strata in Arkansas, especially in the vicinity of Hot Springs, where it was extensively quarried by the aborigines. The ancient excavations here cover many hundreds of acres of the mountain ridges and are surrounded by large bodies of refuse—the result of roughing-out imple- ments by flaking processes. As with the great quarries of Flint Ridge, Ohio, and other localities, the principal product was the leaf-shaped blade, from which arrow- and spear-heads and knives were to be specialized, but the material was used also for axes, celts, ceremonial objects, and ornaments, in the manufacture of which the flaking work-was supplemented by pecking and grinding. See Chalcedony, Mines and Quarries, Quartz, Stonework. Consult Griswold in Rep. Geol. Surv. Ark., m1, 1890-2; Holmes in Am. An- throp., v, Oct. 1891; Kunz, Gemsand Pre- cious Stones, 1890; Merrill, Rocks, Rock- weathering and Soils, 1897. (w. H. H.) Novaia. An Ingalik village on the lower Yukon, Alaska; pop. 52 in 1880.—Pe- troff, Rep. on Alaska, 62, 1881. Novoktolak. A Kuskwogmiut Eskimo village in the Kuskokwim district, Alaska; op. 55 in 1890. ovokhtolahamiut.—Eleventh Census, Alaska, 164, 1893. d ; Nowadaga. A former Mohawk vil- lage on the s. bank of Mohawkr., at the mouth of Nowadagacr., on the site of Dan- ube, Herkimer co., N. Y. It was the principal Mohawk settlement about 1750. A part of the band here had another vil- lage a little lower down the stream, oppo- site the mouth of East Canadacr. No- wadaga was long the home of Joseph Brant (Thayendanegea). Nowadaga.—Macauley, N. Y., wodaga.—Ibid., 181. Nowe. Mentioned by Bartram (Trav- els, 371, 1792) as a Cherokee settlement, about 1775, one of four towns ‘‘inland on the branches of the Tanase [Tennessee ].”’ It can not be certainly identified. II, 226, 1829. No- 88 Nowi. A Yukonikhotana village on the s. side of Yukon r., at’ the mouth of Nowikakat r., Alaska, having 107 inhabi- tants in 1880. _Newi-cargut.—Wymper, Trav. and Advent., map, 1869. Newikargut.—Raymond in Sen. Ex. Doc. 12, 42d Cong., 1st sess., 23,1871. Nowikakat.—Petroff, Rep. on Alaska, 62,1881. Noya-kakat.—Petroff, map of Alaska, 1880. Noyokakat.—Petroff in 10th Census, Alaska, 12, 1884. Noxa. Mentioned by Oviedo (Hist. Gen. Indies, 11, 628, 1853) as one of the provinces or villages visited by Ayllon in 1520; probably on the South Carolina coast. Noyuki (‘southern aliens’). The name applied by their northern neighbors to a Maidu tribe formerly occupying the ter- ritory about the junction of Yuba and Feather rs., Yuba co., Cal. One of their villages, Yupu, was on the site of the present Yuba city. Noi-Yucans.—Gieger in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1859, 438, 1860. Npapuk (N’pa’puk:). A Squawmish vil- lage community on the E. side of Howe sd., Brit. Col—Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A.S., 474, 1900. Npiktim (‘white hollow’). A village of the Ntlakyapamuk, so called, according to Hill-Tout, because it was the place where the Indians obtained the white clay they burnt and used for cleaning wool, etc. Pop. 19in 1897, the last time the name officially appears. Mpaktam.—Can. Ind. Aff. 1886, 230, 1887. N’prk’- tEm.—Hill-Toutin Rep. Ethnol. Sury.Can., 5, 1899. Npikti’/m.—Teit in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 1, 169, 1900. S’inptkti’m.—Ibid. Npokwis (N’pok-wis). A Squawmish village community on the right bank of Squawmisht r., Brit. Col.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. 8., 474, 1900. Npuichin ( Npwitci’n, ‘low ridge shore’ ). A village of the Lytton band of Ntlakya- pamuk on the w. side of Fraser r., 8 m. above Lytton, Brit. Col.—Teit in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 1, 172, 1900. Nra Sra. For all references beginning with this abbreviation, or with N.%., see Nuestra Sefora. Nsisket (NVsi/sqet, ‘the little split or di- vide’, perhaps because near a deep or rocky gulch). A village of the Nicola band of Ntlakyapamuk near Nicola r., a few miles from the w. end of Nicola lake, Brit. Col. Pop. 21 in 1901, the last time the name is given. Hun-ka-sis-ket.—Can.Ind. Aff. 1883, pt. 1,191, 1884. N’cickt.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Ethnol. Sury. Can., 4, 1899. Neyiskat.—Can. Ind. Aff. 1894, 277, 1895. Nsi/sqEt.—Teit in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist, 11, 174, 1900. Nyiskat.—Can. Ind. Aff., 361, 1895. Nzis-kat.—Ibid., 1886, pt. 1, 232, 1887. Nzyshat.— Ibid., pt. 1, 166, 1901. Nskakaulten ( Nsqa’qaulten, ‘little look- ing-for-game place’). A village of the Ntlakyapamuk on the s. side of Thomp- sonr., 23m. above Lytton, and 3m. below Spences Bridge, Brit. Col. Nsqa’qaultrn,—Teit in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 11, 172, 1900. Spences Bridge [Indians].—Can. Ind. Aff., 79, 1878. NOWI—NTLAKY APAMUK [B. A. E. Ntekem (Vié/qem, ‘to make muddy’, or ‘muddy creek’). A village of the Spences Bridge band of Ntlakyapamuk on the n. side of Thompson r., about 1 m. back from the stream and 39 m. above Lytton, Brit. Col. N’ tai/kum.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Ethnol. Sury. Can., 4, 1899. Nté’qem—Teit in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 11,173, 1900. Oregon Jacks,—Name given by whites. Nthaich ( N’¢ai’tc). ASquawmish village on the right bank of Squawmisht r., Brit. Col.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. 8, 474, 1900. Ntlaktlakitin ( NLaqLa’kitin, ‘the cross- ing place’, ‘ place for crossing the river’ ). A village of the Lytton band of Ntlakya- pamuk at Kanaka Bar, Fraser r., about 11 m. below Lytton, Brit. Col., with 55 inhabitants in 1906. Some Indians class it with the Lower Ntlakyapamuk. Hlakklaktan,—Can. Ind. Aff. 1892, 312, 1893. Hlu- hlu-natan.—Ibid., pt. 11, 164, 1901. Hlukhluka- tan.—Ibid., 230, 1886. Hluk-kluk-a-tan,—Ibid., 1885, pt. 1, 196, 1886 Kanaka Bar.—Ibid., 1897, 363, 1898. NuaqLla’kitin.—Teit in Mem. Am. Mus, Nat. Hist., 11, 171, 1900. Ntlakyapamuk, Oneof the four greatSal- ish tribes inhabiting the interior of British Columbia and popularly called Thompson Indians, from the river on which a large NTLAKYAPAMUK MAN. (am. Mus. NAT. Hist. ) part of them live. Internally they are divided into the Lower Thompsons, liv- ing from a short distance below Spuzzum on Fraser r., nearly to the village of Cisco, and the Upper Thompsons, whose towns extend from the latter point nearly to Lillooet on the Fraser, to within a short distance of Ashcroft on the Thompson, and over all of Nicola valley. The Upper Thompsons are subdivided by Teit into BULL: 30] 4 minor bands, the Lytton band, the Nicola band, the Spences Bridge band, and the Upper Fraser band. In addition the following subdivisions are mentioned: Ainslie Creek, Boothroyds, Canoe Lake Indians, Cooks Ferry, Rhaap, Skowtous, and Snakaim. Total population 1,826 in 1902, 1,776 in 1906. The following list of oe was obtained principally from eit: Villages of the Lower Thompsons: Che- tawe, Kalulaadlek, Kapachichin, Kapas- lok, Kimus, Kleaukt, Koiaum, Nkakim, Nkattsim, Nkoiam, Noieltsi, Npiktim, Ntsuwiek, Sintaktl, Skohwak, Skuzis, Skwauyik, Spaim, Spuzzum, Stahehani, Suk, Taqwayaum, Tikwalus, Tliktlak- etin, Tzauamuk. Villages of the Lytton band: Anektettim, Cisco, Kittsawat, Natkelptetenk, Nchek- chekokenk, Nehowmean, Nikaomin, Nko- ikin, Nkya, Noét, Npuichin, Ntlaktlak- itin, Staiya, Stryne, Tlkamcheen, Tuh- ezep. Villages of the Upper Fraser band: Ahul- ka, Nesikeep, Nkaktko, Ntlippaem, Skek- aitin, Tiaks. Villages of the Spences Bridge band: At- chitchiken, Klukluuk, Nkamchin, Nkoeit- (am. Mus. Nat. Hist.) NTLAKYAPAMUK WOMAN. ko, Nokem, Nskakaulten, Ntekem, Nu- kaatko, Pekaist, Pemainus, Semehau, Snapa, Spatsum, Stlaz, Tlotlowuk, Zak- hauzsiken. Villages of the Nicola band: Hanehe- wed], Huthutkawedl, Koiskana, Kwil- chana, Naaik, Nchekus, Nsisket, Ntstlat- ko, Petutek, Shahanik, Tsulus, Zoht. To these the following names must be added, although one or two of them NTLIPPAEM—NTSTLATKO 89 may possibly be synonyms: Cheuek, Ko- koiap, Nhatiken, Nkahlimiluh, Nkaih, Nzatzahatko, Paska, Schaeken, Shkuet, Shkuokem, Shuimp, Skappa, Snakaim, Spapium, Timetl, Tsuzel. For detailed information consult Teit in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., mu, pt. rv, 1900, and Hill-Toutin Rep. Ethnol. Sury. Can., Brit. A. A. S., 1889. (zsBN8%) Cé’qtamux.—Teit in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., II, 167, 1900 ( Lillooet name, from name of Thomp- son r.), Clunsus.—Bancroft, Nat. Races, 1, 311, 1874. Couteaux.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, July 19, 1862. Klackarpun.—Survey map, Hydrog. Office, U.S.N., 1882. Knife Indians.—T eit, op. cit. (name given by employees Hudson Bay Co.). Knives.— Anderson quoted by Gibbs in Hist. Mag., vir, 76. 1863. Lukatimw’x.—Teit, op. cit.(Okinagan name), Neklakapamuk.—Can. Ind. Aff., 15, 1879. Nekla- kussamuk.—Brit. Col. map, Ind. Aff., Victoria, 1872. N-hla-kapm-uh.—Mackay quoted by Dawson in Trans. Roy. Soe. Can., sec. 11,6, 1891. Nicouta- meens.—Mayne, Brit. Col., 296, 1862. Nicouta- much.—Ibid. Nicute-much.—Anderson, op. cit. Nitlakapamuk.—Good, Offices in Nitlakapamuk, 1880. Nko’atamux.—Teit, op. cit., 167 (Shus- wap name). N-ku-tam-euh.—Mackay, op. cit., 5. Nkutémiyu.—Gatschet, MS., B. A. E. (Okinagan name). Nuiak‘a/pamux.—Teit, op. cit. (own name, sometimes given to Lytton bandalone). N’tlaka’- pamuqQ.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Ethnol. Sury. Can., 10, 1889. N-tla-ka-pe-mooh.—Dawson in Trans. Roy. Soe. Can., sec. II, 6, 1891. Ntlakya’pamuq.—Boas in 5th Rep. N.W. Tribes Can., 10, 1889. Sa/lic.— Teit, op. cit. (Okinagan name). Saw-meena.— Anderson, op. cit., 71 (socalled bytheTait, a Cowi- chan tribe). SEma/mila.—Teit, op. cit. (so called by the Cowichan of Fraser delta). Ske-yuh.— Mackay, op. cit. (‘the people’: own name). So- mena.—Ibid. (‘inland hunters’: Cowichan name). Thompson River Indians.—Dawson, ibid., 6 (name given by whites). Thompsons.—Ibid. Ntlippaem (Nzip’pa’em, ‘to extract marrow’, according to Teit; ‘deep’, ac- cording to Hill-Tout). A village of the Upper Fraser band of Ntlakyapamuk on the w. side of Fraser r., 22 m. above Lyt- ton, Brit. Col. Nick-el-palm.—Brit. Col. map., Ind. Aff., Victoria, 1872. Nitlpam.—Can. Ind. Aff., 78, 1878. N’k:-lpan.— Hill-Tout in Rep. Ethnol. Sury. Can., 4, 1899. Niip’pa/Em.—Teitin Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 11, 172, 1900. : Ntlkius (Nzii/us). An Okinagan town on Similkameen r., Brit. Col.—Teit in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 11, 174, 1900. Ntshaautin (‘people down against the island’). A Takulli sept dwelling along Blackwater r. and upper Nechaco r., Brit. Col., in the villages of Tluskez, Ilkatsho, and Peltkatchek. Former villages were Tsitsi and Ilrak, now abandoned. Pop. 135 in 18983. Natcotetains.—Domenech, Deserts N. Am., I, 442, 1860. Nazeteoten.—Smet, Oregon Miss., 100, 1847. Nechao-tin.—Brit. Col. map, Ind. Aff., Victoria, 1872. Neguia Dinais.—Mackenzie, Voy., 309, 1801. Neotetain.—Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, v, 59, 1855, Ntshaantin.—Domenech, Deserts N. Am., II, 62, 1860. Ntshadutin.—Hale, Ethnog. and Philol., 202, 1816. Nu-teah-’tenne.—Morice in Trans. Can. Inst., Iv, 25, 1893. Nu-tea-’tenne.—Ibid. Ntsiyamis (Nisi-ya/-mis). A former Kuitsh yillage on lower Umpqua r., Oreg.—Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, i, 231, 1890. Ntstlatko ( Ntsza’tko, ‘cold water’). Nunni (‘fish’). A clan of the Koi phratry of the Chickasaw. Nanni.—Morgan misquoted by Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., 1,96,1884. Nun-ni.—Morgan, Anc. Soc., 163, 1877. Nunochok. A Magemiut Eskimo yil- lage in the Big Lake region, Alaska; pop. 40 in 1880, 135 in 1890. Nunachanaghamiut,—Eleventh Census, Alaska, 111, 1893. Nunachara gamut.—Baker, Geog. Dict. Alaska, 475, 1906 (quoted from). Nunachogumut.— Nelson in 18th Rep. B. A. E., map,1899. Nunoch- ogamute.—'l’enth Census, Alaska, 11, 1884. Nuno- chok.—Baker, Geog. Dict. Alaska, 475, 1906. Nuntaneuck. Anunidentified tribe, but possibly Siouan, mentioned by Lederer (Discoy., 2, 1672) as speaking the com- mon language of the Monacan, Nahyssan, Saponi, and others, and as having occu- pied the piedmont country of Virginia- Carolina jointly with those tribes after the extinction of the Tacci. Nuntaly.—Lederer, op. cit. Nununyi (Nuni/7iyi, ‘ wild-potato place,’ from nunu ‘wild potato’). A former Cherokee settlement, sometimes known as Potato Town, on Oconaluftee r., near the present Cherokee, Swain co., N. C. A large mound marks the site. (J. mM.) Nuanha.—Bartram, Travels, 371, 1792. Nunvogulukhluguk (‘big lake’). An Eskimo village of the Kaialigamiut in the BULL. 30] Big Lake region, Alaska.—Nelson in 18th Rep. B. A. E., map, 1899. Nuokan. A Yuit Eskimo village at East cape, Siberia. Nukan.—Humboldt, New Spain, 11, 344, 1822. okan.—Krause in Deutsche Geog. Blitt., map, 1882. : : Nuquiage. A Cayuga village in 1750 at the nN. E. corner of Seneca lake, on the out- let, in Seneca co., N. Y. Nugqiage.—Conover, Kan. and Geneva MS.,B. A. E. Nuquiage,—Cammerhott (1750) quoted by Conover, ibi Nurata. A settlement of the Sikosuil- armiut, E. of King cape, Baffin land.— Boas in 6th Rep. B. A. E., 421, 1888. Nuri. wa».—Ibid. Otenashmoo. . Ce LE 1809. Ottawaies.—Croghan (1760), ibid., 4th s., 1X, 249,1871. Ottawak.—Long, Exped. St. Peter’s Re Il, 151, 1824. Ottawas.—Writer of 1684 quoted by Ruttenber, Tribes Hudson R., 171, 1872. Ottawawa.—Doc. of 1695 in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., Iv, 122,1854. Ottawawaas.—Livingston (1687), ibid., 111, 448, 1853. Ottawawe.—Dongan (1687), ibid., 476. Ottawawooes.—Doc. of 1688, ibid., 565. Ottawaws.—Croghan (1760) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 4th s., 1x, 250, 1871. Seas ar Schuyler (1698) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., 406, 1854. Ottawwaws.—Tanner,Narr., 36,1830. "Ottaw. wawwag.—lIbid., 315 (Ottawa name). Ottawwaw- wug.—Parkman, Pioneers, 347, 1883. Ottewas,— Lang and Taylor, Rep., 23, 1843. Ottoawa.— Livingston (1687) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., 111, 443, 1853. Ottova.—Markham (1691), ibid., 808. Otto- waes.—Johnson (1764), ibid., vil, 674, 1856. Otto- wais.—Dongan (ca. 1686), ibid., 11, 395, 1853. Ottowas.—Chauvignerie (1736) quoted’ by School- craft, Ind. Tribes, U1, 554, 1853. Ottowata,— Treaty of 1829 in U. S. Ind. Treat., 164, 1873. Ottowaus.—Edwards (1788) in Mass, Hist. Soe. Coll., Ist. s., Ix, 92, 1804. Ottowauways.—Doc. of 1747 in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., vr, 391, 1855. Otto- wawa.— Lamberville (1686), ibid., 111, 490, 1853. Ottowawe.—Valiant (1688), ibid., 522. Otto- waws.—Carver, Tray.,19,1778. Ottowayer.—Vater, Mith., Trade (1721) pt. 3, sec. 3,406, 1816. Ottoways.—Lords of in N.Y. Doc. Col. Hist., v, 622, 1855. Ottowose.—Valiant (1688), ibid., 111, 522, 1853. Ottwasse.—Dongan (1686), ibid., Ix, 318, 1855. Ouatawais.—Jefterys, Fr. Doms., pt. 1, map, 1761. Ouatouax.—La Barre (1683) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., Ix, 202, 1855. Outaois.—Vaudreuil (1703), ibid., 743. Outaoise.—Doc. of 1748, ibid., x, 151, 1858. Outaonacs.—Warren (1852) in Minn. Hist. Soc. Coll., v, 407, 1885. Outaowacs.—Jes. Rel. 1671, 25, 1858. 172 Outa8acs.— Doc. of 1693 in N.Y. Doc. Col. Hist., rx, 562,1855. 8ta8acs.—Doc. of 1695, ibid., 604. Outaow- aes.—Frontenac (1673), ibid., 95. 8ta8aés.—Mon- treal conf. (1700), ibid.,719. Outa8aés.—Ibid., 720. Outaouagas.—La Galissoniére (1748), ibid., x, 182. 1858. Outaouaies.—Denonville (1687), ibid., 1x, 365, 1859. Outaouais.—Talon? (1670) quoted by Neill, Minn., 120, 1858. Outa8ais.—Doc. of 1695 in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., 1x, 598, 1855. 8ta8ais.—Doc. of 1695, ibid., 601. Outaouaks.—Jes. Rel. 1656, 38, 1858. Outaouan.—Jes. Rel. 1640, 34, 1858. Outaou- aos, —Frontenac (1681) in N. Y. Doe. Col, Hist., rx, 146, 1855. Outaouas.—Writer of 1660 in Margry, Déc., 1, 55, 1875. Outa8as.—Doc. of 1746 in N.Y. Doc. Col. Hist., x, 51, 1858. 8ta8as.—Denonville (1688), ibid., 1x, 384, 1855. Outaouats.—Doc. of 1757, ibid., X, 630, 1858. Outaouaus,—Doc. of 1691, ibid., 1X, 521, 1855. Outaouax.—La Barre (1683), ibid., 201. Outaouays.—Writer of 1690 in Margry, Déc., 1, 59, 1875. Outaoues.—Frontenac (1682) in N. Y. Doce. Col, Hist., 1X, 176, 1855. Outaotiois—Courcel- les (1670), ibid., 788. Outa80is.—Doc. of 1695, ibid., 611. Outaoutes.—Lamberville (1684), ibid., 259. Outa8uas.—Beauharnois (1744), ibid., 1112. Outao- vaes.—Crepy, Map, ca.1755. Outaovas.—Hennepin (1683) in Harris, Voy., 11, 917,1705. Outaowaies.— Boudinot, Star in the West, 212,1816. Outarwas.— Lords of Trade (1721) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., v, 621, 1855. Outauaes.—Frontenac (1682), ibid., rx, 180, 1855. Outauas.—Denonville (1686), ibid., 295. Outauies.—Parkman, Pioneers, 347, 1883. Outau- ois.—Frontenac (1682) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., rx, 182, 1885. Outavis.—Writer of 1761 in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 4th s., 1X, 428, 1871. Outavois.—Tonti (1694) in Margry, Déc., Iv, 4, 1880. Outawacs.— Courcelles (1671) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., rx, 79, 1855. Outawais.—Jefferys, Fr. Dom., pt. 1, 47, 1761. Outawas.—Talon (1670) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., IX, 65, 1855. Outawase.—Doc. of 1671, ibid., rx, 84, 1855. Outawawas.—Writer of 1756 in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., lst s., VI, 117, 1801. Outaway.— Charlevoix, Voy. to N. Am., II, 47, 1766. Outa- wies.—Boudinot, Star in the West, 100, 1816. Outawois.—Doc. of 1746in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., X, 34, 1858. Outduaois.—Bouisson (1699) quoted by Shea, Early Voy., 45, 1861. Outeonas.—Chau- vignerie (1736) quoted by Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, I11, 554, 1853. Outimacs.—Imlay, West. Ter., 292, 1797. Outontagans.—Lahontan (1703) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., 1x, 606, note, 1855. Out- ouacks.—Coxe, Carolana, 46, 1741. Outouacs.— N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., 111, 489, note, 1853. Out- ouais.—Parkman, Pioneers, 347, 1883. Outoua- ouas.—St Cosme (ca. 1700) in Shea, Early Voy., 47, 1861. Outouvas.—Perkins and Peck, Annals of the West, 33, 1850. Outowacs.—Jefferys, Fr. Dom., pt. 1, map, 1761. Outtamacks.—Croghan (1765) in Monthly Am. Jour. Geol., 272, 1831. Outtaois.— Vaudreuil (1703) inN. Y. Doc.Col. Hist., TX, 743, 1855. Outtaouacts—Hennepin, Cont. of New Discoy.,129,1698. Outtaouatz.—Ibid.,85. Out- ta8es.—De Calliéres (1700) in N. Y. Doc. Col.Hist., IX, 708, 1855. Outtaouis.—Vaudreuil (1707), ibid., 810. Outtauois.—Vaudreuil (1704), ibid., 760. Out- tawaats.—Parkman, Pioneers, 347, 1883. Outta- was.—Denonville (1686)in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., 1x, 300,1855. Outtoaets.—Parkman, Pioneers, 347,1883. Outtouatz.—Hennepin, New Discoy.,87,1698. Son- taouans.—Doc. of 1691 in N. Y. Doce. Col. Hist., rx, 518, 1855 (confounded with the Seneca). Tawaa.— Campbell (1760) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 4th s., IX, 357,1871. Tawas.—Bouquet (1760), ibid., 322. Tawaws.—Trader of 1778 quoted by Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 560, 1858. Taways.—Croghan (1760) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 4th s., rx, 275, 1871 (Delaware form). Touloucs.—Lamberville (1686) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., 111, 489, 1853 (mis- print). Towako.—Walam Olum (1833) in Brinton, Lenape Leg., 206, 1885 (old Delaware name). Towakon.—Ibid.,198. Traders.—Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, V, 145, 1855. Uda’/wak.—Gatschet, Penob- scot MS., B. A. E., 1887( Penobscot name). Ukua/- yata.—Gatschet, Wyandot MS., B. A. E., 1877 (Huron name). Utaobaes.—Barcia, Ensayo, 297, 1723. Utawas.—La Tour, Map, 1779. Utawa- was.—Colden (1727), Five Nations, 22, 1747. Uto- vautes.—Barcia, Ensayo, 236, 1723. Uttawa.— Colden (1764) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., vu, 667, 1856. Waganhaers.—Doc. of 1699, ibid., rv, 565, 1854. Waganhaes.—Livingston (1700), ibid., 691. OTTER TAIL—OUACHITA [B. A. B. Waganha’s.—Hunter (1710), ibid., vy, 168, 1855 (‘stammerers’: Iroquois name). Waganis.— Markham (1691), ibid., 111, 808, 1853. Wagannes.— Bleeker (1701), ibid., rv, 891, 1854. Wagenhanes.— Wessels (1693). ibid., Iv, 61,1854. Wagunha.—Col- den (1727), Five Nations, 108, 1747. Wahannas.— Romer (1700) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., rv, 799, 1854. Watawawininiwok.—Baraga, Eng.-Otch. Dict., 300, 1878 (trans.: ‘men of the bulrushes’; so called because many rushes grew in Ottawa r.). Wdowo.—Abnaki Spelling Book (1880) quoted in Me. Hist. Soc. Coll., v1, 247, 1859 (Abnaki name), W’tawas.—Heckewelder in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 2d s., X, 128, 1823. Otter Tail. A band of the Pillager Chippewa on White Earth res., Minn., numbering 726 in 1906. Otusson (probably from titastin, ‘bench’ or ‘platform’ in the lodge.—W. J.) A former Chippewa village, taking its name from a chief, on upper Huron r. in Sanilac co., Mich., on a reserve sold in 1837. Otzagert, Peter. See Otsiquette. Otzenne (‘intermediate people’). San Antonio.—Powell in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 11, 568, 1877. Sex- tapay.—Taylor quoted by Shea, Lib. Am. Ling., VII, Vii, 1861. : : vag Salinas. Mentioned by Rivera (Diario, leg. 2602, 1736) as a tribe or village ap- parently near the lower Rio Grande in Texas. It was possibly Coahuiltecan. Salineros. A Spanish collective desig- nation for the Piro and Tigua occupying, until 1675-80, the pueblos of Abo, Chilili, Quarai, Tabira, Tenabo, etc., near the salt lagoons E. of the Rio Grande, central New Mexico. See also Chealo, Tompiros. Salineros.—Benavides, Memorial (1630),in Land of Sunshine, xIv, 46, 1901. Salmeros.—Benavides misquoted by Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 164, 1889. Salineta. Probably a pueblo of the Piro or the Tigua, 4 leagues from Guada- lupe mission at El Paso, in the present Texas, in 1680.—Otermin (1680) quoted by Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 182, 1889. Salish (Okinagan: séilst, ‘people’). For- merly a large and powerful division of the Salishan family, to which they gave their name, inhabiting much of w. Mon- tana and centering around Flathead lake and valley. A more popular designation for this tribe is Flatheads, given to them by the surrounding people, not because they artificially, deformed their heads, but because, in contradistinction to most tribes farther w., they left them in their natural condition, flat on top. They lived mainly by hunting. The Salish, with the cognate Pend d’Oreille and the Kutenai, by treaty of Hell Gate, Mont., July 16, 1855, ceded to the United States their landsin Montanaand Idaho. They also joined in the peace treaty at the 416 mouth of Judith r., Mont., Oct. 17, 1855. Lewis and Clark estimated their popula- tion in 1806 to be 600; Gibbs gave their probable number in 1853 as 325, a dimi- SALISH MAN (am. Mus. NAT. Hist. ) nution said to be due to wars with the Siksika; number of Flatheads under Flat- head agency, Mont. (1909), 598. Ah-shu-ah-har-peh.—Crow MS. vocab., B. A. E., n.d. A-shu’/-e-ka-pe.—Hayden, Ethnog.and Philol. Mo. Val., 402, 1862 (‘flatheads’: Crow name). &-too-ha-pe. — Long, Exped. Rocky Mts., 0, Ixxxiv, 1823 (Hidatsa name). Cootstooks pai tah pee.—Henry, MS. vocab., 1808 (Blackfoot name). Faux Tetes-Plates.—Duflot de Mofras, Expl., 11, 339,1844. Flatheads.—Lewisand Clark, Discov., 35, 1807. Flathead-Selish.—Gatschet in Proc. A. A.A. S., XXXI, 577, 1883. Hohilpo.—Lewis and Clark Exped., I, map, 1814. Ka-ka-i-thi. — Hayden, Ethnog. and Philol. Mo. Val., 326, 1862 (‘flathead people’: Arapaho name). — Ka-ko’-is-tsi/-a-ta/- ni-o.—Ibid., 290 (‘people who flatten their heads’: Cheyenne name). Ko-todli/-spi-tup/-i-o.—Ibid., 264 (Blackfoot name). Nebagindibe.—Baraga, Otchipwe-Eng. Dict., 281, 1880 (‘flat head’: Chip- pewa name; ‘‘properly Nebagindibed ’’—identi- cal?). Pa Bda-ské.—Cook, Yankton MS. vocab., B. A. E., 184, 1882. Pa O-bde’-ca.—Ibid. (‘heads cornered or edged’: Yankton name). Saalis.— Duflot de Mofras, Expl., I, 385, 1844. Sae-lies.— Mayne, Brit. Col., 297, 1862. Salish.—Gatschet, MS., B. A. E. (own name). Tétes-Plates.—Com- mon French form, applied to various tribes. Whull-e-mooch.—Deans in Am. Antiq., 41, 1886 (applied to Puget sd. tribes), SalishanFamily. A linguistic familyin- habiting the n. portions of Washington, Nn. Idaho, w. Montana, a small strip of the N. Ww. coast of Oregon, and in Canada the 8. E. part of Vancouver id. from Thur- low id. to Sooke bay, and all thes. main- land of British Columbia as far as Bute inlet and Quesnelle lake, with the excep- tion of that portion held by the Kutenai, although within the Kutenai area, at the Columbia lakes, is a small settlement of Salish. Anisolated division of thefamily, SALISHAN FAMILY [B. A. B the Bellacoola, had established itself far- ther n. on Dean inlet, Burke channel, and Bellacoola r. -The name Salish was origi- nally applied to a large tribe in w. Mon- tana popularly known as_ Flatheads, thence it was finally extended to cover all those speaking a similar language. Although lexically distinct from one another, the Salish, Chimakuan, and Wa- kashan languages belong to the same structural type and have remote points of resemblance with Algonquian. Physi- cally and culturally the coast and interior Salish belong to different groups, the for- mer being affiliated to some extent with the other coast people to the n., and the interior Salish resembling interior stocks in their own neighborhood. If his own statements may be relied upon, Juan de Fuca (1592) was probably the first white man to visit the coun- try inhabited by people of this family. After his time several Spanish navigators passed along their coasts, but their posi- tion exposed them less frequently to visits from vessels than that of the Nootka and tribes farther n. Later British and American vessels came to trade, the most notable expedition being that of Geo. Vancouver (1792-94), whose name be- came attached to Vancouver id. The first detailed information regarding the Salishan tribes was obtained, however, SALISH MAN (Am. Mus. Nat. Hist.) from the account of the expedition of Lewisand Clark (1804-06), and knowledge - of them was extended by the establish- ment of Astor’s fortin 1811 at the mouth of the Columbia, although the fort itself BULL. 30] was not within Salish territory. From that time until 1846 most of this region, known as the Oregon Territory, was a subject of dispute between Great Britain and the United States, and it was not un- til after its settlement and until the Cali- fornia gold fever had somewhat subsided thatsettlers began to come intothis region in numbers. On the Canadian side em- ployees of the Hudson’s Bay Company were among the first to enter the country. The establishment of a post at Victoria in 1843 was one of the most momentous events to the Indians of the entire coast. The coast Salish form the southern arm of the N. W. Coast culture, which fades away southward from Bute inlet and Comox (where it resembles that of the more highly developed Kwakiutl) to the semi-Californian Tillamook and the Nes- tucea of Oregon. Unlike the more north- ern Haida, Tlingit, and Tsimshian, descent is usually reckoned through the father. The Salish dwellings in the northern part of this area are of the Nootka type, longer than those farther n., and contain- ing several families each with its own fire. They are also built in the same way of heavy planks and beams. They resemble the other coast tribes in the important part fish and shellfish play in their diet, and in the extent to which canoes are enrployed. The interior Salish depended more on hunting, but so many large sal- mon streams flow through this country that even they were more given to a fish diet than were the interior tribes gener- ally. The houses of the interior Salish of British Columbia differed considerably from those on the coast. To construct them, holes were dug and poles set up in conical formaround their edges; the whole was covered with poles on which was laid grass, and sometimes cedar bark, and over all earth was thrown. War, slavery, and the potlatch (q. v.) were regular institutions on the coast. One of the most characteristic customs, especially prevalent along the coasts of Washington and British Columbia, was artificial head-flattening, but it did not obtain, curiously enough, among the In- dians now called Flatheads (see Salish). Population (1909): Coast Salish in United States, 3,600; coast Salish in Can- ada, 4,874; total, 8,474. Interior Salish in United States, 4,988; interior Salish in Canada, 5,390; total, 10,378. Total Salish in United States, 8,366; total Salish in Canada, 10,264; grand total, 18,630. The Salishan dialects may be grouped as follows: J. Dravects oF THE INTERIOR: 1, Lil- looet in w. British Columbia; 2, Netlakya- amuk (Thompson Indians) in s. w. Brit- ish Columbia; 3, Shuswap in s. central 3456°—Bull. 30, pt 2—07——27 SALISHAN FAMILY 417 British Columbia; 4, Okinagan in s. E. British» Columbia, extending into the United States, the subdivisions of which are the Okinagan proper, Colville, Nes- pelim or Sanpoil, Senijextee (Snaichek- stik) of the Arrow lakes and Columbia r. below the lakes; 5, Flathead in &. Wash- ington, Idaho, and Montana, subdivisions of which are the Spokan, Kalispel or Pend d’Oreilles, and Salish or Flathead; 6, Skitswish or Coeur d’ Alenes in N. Idaho; 7, Columbia groups in the w. part of the interior of Washington, including the Pisquow or Wenatchi, Sinkiuse, Methow, and other local divisions. II. Coast prauects: 8, Bellacoola, a group of tribes on Bentinck Arm and Deans inlet, Brit. Col.; 9, Comox group on the n. part of the Gulf of Georgia, with two subdivisions—(a) the Comox - proper, including the Comox and Eéksen, Homalko, Kaike, Kakekt, Seechelt of Jervis inlet, Sliammon, and Tatpoés; and (b) the Puntlatsh, including the Hwah- watl, Puntlatsh, and Saiimen; 10, Cowi- chan group in the neighborhood of Nan- aimo on Vancouver id., and in the delta of Fraser r. It embraces, on Vancouver id., the Clemclemalats, Comiakin, Hel- lelt, Kenipsim, Kilpanlus, Koksilah, Kulleets, Lilmalche, Malakut, Nanaimo, Penelakut, Quamichan, Siccameen, Sno- nowas, Somenos, Tateke, Yekolaos; and, in the Fraser valley, the Chehalis, Chil- liwack, Coquitlam, Ewawoos, Katsey, Kelatl, Kwantlen, Matsqui, Musqueam, Nehaltmoken, Nicomen, Ohamil, Pilalt, Popkum, Samahquam, Scowlitz, Se- wathen, Siyita, Skwawalooks, Snonk- weametl, Squawtits, Sumass, and Tsa- kuam; 11, Squawmish group, including the Squawmish of Burrard inletand Howe sd. and probably the Nooksak of x. Wash- ington; 12, Songish group, on Juan de Fuca str., San Juanid., and parts of the coasts of Washington and British Columbia. It includes the Clallam (Wash.), Lummi (Wash. ), Samish (Wash. ), Sanetch (Brit. Col.), Semiahmoo ( Brit. Col. and Wash. ), Songish (Brit. Col.), Sooke (Brit. Col.); 13, Nisqualli group, embracing all tribes E. of Puget sd. and s. to Mt Tacoma, and, on the west side, the region up to Olym- pia, except Hood canal. It includes two dialectic divisions, the Nisqualli and the Snohomish. Well-known divisions are the Nisqualli proper, Dwamish, Puyal- lup, Skagit, Snoqualmu or Snoquamish, and Squaxon. Following are the names of some of the numerous bands of the Nisqualli: Etakmehu, Kwehtlmamish (?), Nukwatsamish, Nusehtsatl, Potoashees, Sahewamish, Sakumehu, Samamieh, Sawamish, Sekamish, Shomamish, Shotle- mamish, Skihwamish, Skopamish, Smul- kamish, Squacum, Stehtsasamish, Steila- 418 coomamish, Suguamish, and Towah- hah. Other bands which may belong here, but which cannot be identified, are Neutubvig, Nuchwugh, Opichiken, Sinslikhooish, Sintootoolish, and Sktehl- mish; 14, Twana group, on Hood canal, Puget sd., including the Twana and Sailupsun; 15, Chehalis group, embrac- ing six dialects, which show consider- able variation. These are the Quinault and Quaitso of n. w. Washington; the Humptulips of the n. part of Grays har- bor; the Lower Chehalis of Grays harbor and Shoalwater bay; the Satsop ©. and nN. E. of Grays harbor; the Upper Che- halis &. of Shoalwater bay; and the Cow- litz on the river of that name southward to Columbia r.; 16, Tillamook on the coast of Oregon, including the Tillamook or Nestucca, and the Siletz. Tillamook is the Chinook name for the tribe whose territory is called in Chinook, Nehalem. >Salish.—Gallatin in Trans. Am, Antiq. Soce., II, 134, 306, 1836 (or Flat Heads only); Latham in Proc. Philol. Soc. Lond., 1, 31-50, 1846 (of Du- ponceau; said to be the Okanagan of Tolmie). Selish.—Gal- latin in Trans. Am. Ethnol, Soc., I, pt. 1,77, 1848 crea. of Nsietshaws); Tolmie and Dawson, omp. Vocab., 63, 78, 1884 (vocabularies of Lil- looet and Kulléspelm). >Jelish.—Gallatin in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 11, 402, 1853 (obvious misprint for Selish; follows Hale as to tribes). =Selish.—Gatschet in Mag. Am. Hist., 169, 1877 (gives habitat and tribes of family); Gatschet in Beach, Ind. Miscel., 444, 1877. Tsihaili- Selish.—Halein U.S. Expl. Exped., V1, 205, 535, 569, 1846 (includes Shushwaps, Selish or Flatheads, Skitsuish, Piskwaus, Skwale, Tsihailish, Kawel- itsk, Nsietshawus); Gallatinin Trans.Am. Ethnol. Soc., 11, pt. 1, ¢, 10, 1848 (after Hale); Berghaus (1851), Physik. Atlas, map 17, 1852; Buschmann, Supren der aztek. Sprache, 658-661, 1859; Latham, Elem. Comp. Philol., 399, 1862 (contains Shush- wap or Atna Proper, Kuttelspelm or Pend d’Oreilles, Selish, Spokan, Okanagan, Skitsuish, Piskwaus, Nusdalum, Kawitchen, Cathlascou, Skwali, Chechili, Kwaintl, Kwenaiwtl, Nsietsha- wus, Billechula), >Atnahs.—Gallatin in Trans. Am. Antiq. Soc., 11, 1384, 135, 306, 1886 (on Fraser r.) ; Prichard, Phys, Hist. Mankind, v, 427, 1847 (on Fraser r.). >Atna.—Latham in Trans. Philol. Soe. Lond., 71, 1856 (Tsihaili-Selish of Hale and Gallatin). Nootka - Columbian.— Scouler in Jour. Roy. Geog. Soc. Lond., XI, 224, 1841 (includes, among others, Billechoola, Kawitchen, Noosda- lum, Squallyamish of present family). xInsu- lar.—Scouler, ibid. (same as Nootka-Columbian family). »*Shahaptan.—Scouler, ibid., 225 (in- cludes Okanagan of this family). xSouthern,— Scouler, ibid., 224 (same as Nootka-Columbian family). >Billechoola.—Latham in Jour. Ethnol. Soc. Lond., I, 154, 1848 (assigns Friendly Village of Mackenzie here); Latham, Opuscula, 250, 1860 (gives Tolmie’s vocabulary). >Billechula,— Latham, Nat. Hist. Man, 300, 1850 (mouth of Sal- mon r).; Latham in Trans. Philol. Soe. Lond., 72, 1856 (same); Latham, Opuscula, 339, 1860. >Bel- lacoola.—Bancroft, Nat. Races, 11, 564, 607, 1882 (Bellacoola only; specimen vocabulary). >Bil- hoola.—Tolmie and Dawson, Comp. Vocab., 62, 1884( vocab. of Noothlakimish). >Bilehula.—Boas in Petermanns Mitteilungen, 130, 1887 (mentions Satsq. Nute’], Nuchalkmy,Tale6my). »xNaass,— Gallatin in Trans. Am. Ethnol. Soc., 1, pt.1, ¢, 77, 1848 (cited asincluding Billechola). >Tsihaili,— Latham, Nat. Hist. Man, 310, 1850 (chiefly lower SALLAL—SALT [B. A. B. part of Fraser r.and between that and the Colum- bia; includes Shuswap, Salish, Skitsuish, Pisk- waus, Kawitchen, Skwali, Checheeli, Kowelits, Noosdalum, Nsietshawus), x Wakash.—Latham, Nat. Hist. Man, 301, 1850 (cited as including Klallems). »xShushwaps.—Keane in Stanford’s Compend., Cent. and S. Am., app., 460, 474, 1878 (quoted as including Shewhapmuch and Okana- gans). xHydahs.—Keane, ibid., 473 (includes Bellacoola of present family). »xNootkahs.— Keane, ibid., 473 (includes Komux, Kowitchans, Klallums, Kwantlums, Teets of present family). x Nootka.—Bancroft, Nat. Races, 111, 564, 1882 (contains the following Salishan tribes: Cowi- chin, Soke, Comux, Noosdalum, Wickinninish, Songhie, Sanetch, Kwantlum, Teet, Nanaimo, Newchemass, Shimiahmoo, Nooksak, Samish, Skagit, Snohomish, Clallam,Toanhooch). Flatheads.—Keane, ibid., 474, 1878 (same as Salish, above). >Kawitshin.—Tolmie and Dawson, Comp. Vocab., 39, 1884 (vocabs. of Songis and Kwantlin sept, and Kowmook or Tlat- hool). >Qauitschin.—Boas in Petermanns Mit- teilungen, 131, 1887. >Niskwalli.—Tolmie and Dawson, Comp. Vocab., 50, 121, 1884 (or Skwalli- amish vocab. of Sinahomish). Sallal. See Salal. Salmon River Indians. A Salish divi- sion on Salmon r., w. Oregon, between the Siletz and the Nestucca. Part of them were on Grande Ronde res. in 1863. Ci’-cin-xau’.—Dorsey, Alsea MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884. Kaouai.—Duflot de Mofras, Explor., 11, 104, 1844. Kowai.—Gairdner (1835) in Jour. Geog. Soe. Lond., XI, 255, 1841 (either the above tribe or the Nestucca). Salmon River.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 221, 1861. Tsan tcha/-ishna amim.—Gatschet, Lakmiut MS., B. A. E., 105 (Lakmiut-Kalapuya name). Salnahakaisiku (Sal-na-ha-kai’-st-ku). A Chumashan village formerly in Ven- tura co., Cal., at a locality now called El Llano de Santa Ana.—Henshaw, Buena- ventura MS. vocab., B. A E., 1884. Salpilel. A Chumashan village for- merly on the Patera ranch, near Santa Barbara, Cal. Salpilel.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 24, 1868. Sa-pi/-li—Henshaw, Santa Barbara MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884. Saughpileel.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, May 4, 1860 (at San Miguel, 6 m. from Santa Bar- bara mission). Silpaleels.—Gatschetin Chief Eng. Rep., pt. 111, 553, 1876. S’pi’-lil—Henshaw, Bue- naventura MS. vocab:, B. A. E., 1884. Salsona. Mentioned asa Costanoan di- vision hostile to those Indians among whom Dolores mission at San Francisco, Cal., was established. In 1776 the lat- ter, being attacked by the Salsona, fled to the islands in the bay or to the east- ern shore. The Salsona are said to have lived 6 leagues to the s. E., which would put them near San Mateo. They may be identical with the Olhones. See Engel- hardt, France. in Cal., 295, 1897. Salsen.—Humboldt, New Spain, 11, 345, 1811. Sal- ses.—Mayer, Mexico, I, 39,1853. Salsona.—Clavi- jero, Hist. Baja Cal., 206,1852. Salzon.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. ; Salt. Not all tribes of Indians were accustomed to use salt, whether from the difficulty of procuring it, the absence of the habit, a repugnance for the mineral, or for religious reasons, it is not always BULL. 30] possible to say. Salt was eaten as a con- diment, the only instance of its use as a preservative being its addition to yeast to prevent putrefaction. The desire for salt is presumed to arise from a physiological need, and it is thought that the demand for it is greatest when cereal or vegetal food is eaten, and decreases as the diet is more and more of animal substance. Baegert says the tribes of Lower Cali- fornia ate ‘‘everything unsalted, though they might obtain plenty of salt,’’ and gives as a reason that since they moved about constantly, salt was too cumbersome to carry with them. The Gabrielefios of s. California used salt sparingly; the Hupa, the Achomawi, and perhaps other California Indians, do not eat salt; the Eskimo regard it as an abomination, while the Achomawi believe its use in food would cause sore eyes(Dixon). The Creeks tabooed its use in the busk cere- mony until after the ball play (Speck). Other tribes used substitutes for salt, as the Karankawa of Texas, who, Gatschet says, used chile instead; and the Virginia Indians, who made a form of lye by burn- ing to ashes the stalk of a certain plant. ‘“‘They season their broth with it, and they know no other salt,’’ says Capt. John Smith. The Cherokee used lye, and even now among the Eastern Chero- kee salt is almost unused by them. In- deed it is probable that none of the Southern tribes used salt before the com- ing of the whites. According to Hariot, the people of Roanoak used as a condi- ment the saline ashes of a plant taken to be orage, and resembling the melden of the Germans ( Atriplex patulum), a species of saltwort, which runs into many varie- ties and is common to Europeand Amer- ica. All the Algonquian names for salt are formed from a root meaning ‘‘to be sour’’ or ‘‘acid.’? There is no root ‘‘to be saline.’”’ The water of the ocean was known as ‘“‘sour water.”’ Salt exists in enormous quantities in the United States, and it was not.difficult for the Indians to obtainit. The Omaha took up salt incrustations with feathers and transferred it to bags, or broke up rock salt with sticks and pounded it to the desired fineness. The source of their supply was near Lincoln, Nebr., and the headwaters of a stream s. w. of Repub- lican r., probably Saline r., Kans. The Shawnee were famed as salt makers, and the great spring on Saline cr., below the mouth of Walnut cr., on the Ohio, was purchased from them by treaty. The large vessels of very thick pottery found near the salines and elsewhere are found to have been used as evaporating pans by the Indians. The Quapaw made salt from the water of saline springs near the mouth of Arkansas r., evaporating it in earthen SALT 419 pans made for the purpose, which left the salt formed into square cakes (Giddings). C. C. Jones says: ‘‘The Knight of Elvas informs us that natural salt and the sand with which it wasintermixed were thrown into baskets made forthe purpose. These were large at the mouth and small at the bottom, or, in other words, funnel-shaped. Beneath them—suspended in the air ona ridge pole—vessels were placed. Water was then poured upon the admixture of sand and salt. The drippings were strained and boiled on the fire until all the water was evaporated, and the salt left in the bottom of the pots.” Frag- ments of these leaching baskets have been found in the salt deposits of Petit Anse id., La. An important salt-making site was uncovered in 1902 by the Peabody Museum at Kimmswick, Mo., where the salt pans were found in place (Bushnell). The Rio Grande Pueblos acquired salt principally from the Manzano salines, in central New Mexico; the Zuni obtained their supply from a salt lake many miles s. w. of their pueblo. There was early discrimination by the Pueblos in the quality of salt, and long journeys were made to obtain the best kind. In this pursuit many trails led to the Zuni salt lake, where a number of towns were built by a tribe or tribes which were extermi- nated by the Zufii immediately anterior to the advent of the Spaniards in 1539-40. The salt naturally deposited from the supersaturated waters of the Zuni salt lake was collected and carried long dis- tances to the settlements, having been found, it is said, in cliff-ruins in s. Colo- rado, 200 m. from the source of supply. Among the Pueblos, pottery vessels of special form were used to contain salt, and mortuary vessels which contained food for the dead are frequently saturated with this substance, causing exfoliation of the surface of the ware. The Navaho myth of the origin of Dsilydje Qacal relates that ‘‘next day they traveled up the stream to a place called Tse’¢qika, and here again they halted for the night. This place is noted for its deposits of native salt. The trav- elers cut some out from under a great rock and filled with it their bags, made out of the skins of the squirrels and other small animals which they had captured”’ (Matthews). The Hopi have obtained their salt from time immemorial from the Grand Canyon of the Colorado, westward from their villages about 100m. Here salt is gath- ered with ceremony by making sacrifice to the Goddess of Salt and the God of War, whose shrines are there (Fewkes). The Pueblos have important salt deities, that of the Hopi being Hurting Wuhti, “‘The Woman of the Hard Substances,”’ 420 who was a sea deity, like the Mexican salt goddess Huitocilmatl. The myth concerning the latter relates that she was sister of the rain gods, with whom she quarreled; in their resentment they drove her to salt water, where she invented the art of panning the mineral and became Goddessof Salt. The Zufi ‘‘Salt Mother’’ was Mawe, genius of the sacred salt lake. At certain seasons war parties were sent to the lake for salt, and while there cere- monies were performed and _ offerings made. See Chaunis Temoatan, Food. Consult Baegert in Smithson. Rep. 1863, 366, 1864; Bushnell in Man, 13, 1907; ibid., 35, 1908; Collinson in Jour. Geog. Soe. Lond., Ist s., xxv, 201, 1855; Cushing (1) in 13th Rep. B. A. E., 353-54, 1896, (2).in Millstone, 1x, no. 12, 1884; Dixon in Am. Anthr., x, no. 2, 1908; Dorsey in 3d Rep. B. A. E., 309, 1884; Gatschet, Karankawa Inds., 1891; Giddings in Pop. Sci. Mo., June 1891; Hariot in Holbein Soc. Pub., 14, 1888; Hoffman in Bull. Essex Inst., xvi, 9-10, 1885; Jones, Antiq. So. Inds., 45, 1873; Mason in Smithson. Rep. 1886, 225, 1889; Matthews in 5th Rep. B. A. E., 388, 1887; Mooney in 7th Rep. B. A. E., 330, 1891; Speck in Mem. Am. Anthr. Asso., 11, pt. 2, 1907; Stevenson in 23d Rep. B. A. E., 60, 1904; Thomas in 12th Rep. B. A. E., 695, 696, 1894; Wilson in Rep. Nat. Mus. 1888, 673, 1890. (Ww. H.) Salt Chuck Indians (Chinook jargon: salt-tchuk, ‘salt-water’). A general term applied indiscriminately to coast tribes by inland Indiansin the N. W. In 1884, J. O. Dorsey, when at Siletz agency, Oreg., heard this term applied, not only by the inland tribes (as Takelma) to the coast peoples (Athapascan, Kusan, etc.), but even by Athapascans to themselves. See Fitzhugh in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1857, 329, 1858. Saltketchers. A former Yuchi village in s. South Carolina, about the present Salkehatchie. It seems to have been a village of the Yamasee at the time of the war with that tribe in 1716. Saltketchers.—Hawkins (1799), Sketch, 61, 1848. Sol-ke-chuh.—Ibid. Salt Lick. A village, probably of the Delawares, on Mahoning cr., near War- ren, Trumbull co., Ohio, about 1760 (Croghan (1760) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 4th gs., 1x, 289, 1871). The ‘‘old. salt works ”’ here were operated by the whites before the survey of the 5. part of the Western Reserve in 1796. In 1800 the chief of thesettlement, ‘‘Captain George,”’ was killed during a fight with settlers (Howe, Hist. Coll. Ohio, 11, 659, 1896). Saltwater Pond. A village in 1685, probably in Plymouth co., Mass.—Hinck- ley (1685) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 4ths., v, 133, 1861. Saluda. A small tribe formerly living on Saluda r., 8. C. According to Rivers SALT CHUCK INDIANS—SALUTATION (Hist. S. C., 38, 1856) they removed to Fennsylvania probably early in the 18th century, which, if true, would indicate that they were probably connected with the Shawnee. In addition to that of the river, the name survives in Saluda gap in the Blue Ridge. Salutation. In general Indian salutation was accompanied by less demonstration than is usual among Europeans, particu- larly the inhabitants of southern Europe, but it would be a mistake to assume that lessfeelingexisted. Mallery, whodevoted much attention to this subject, says: “‘The North American Indians do not have many conventional forms of saluta- tion. Their etiquette generally is to meet in silence and smoke before speaking, the smoking being the realsalutation. Buta number of tribes—e. g., the Shoshoni, Caddo, and Arikara—use a word or sound very similar to How! but in proper litera- tion Hau or Hao. Most of the Sioux use the same sound in communication with the whites, from which the error has arisen that they have caught up and abbre- viated the ‘ How are you?’ of the latter. But the word is ancient, used in councils, and means ‘good,’ or ‘satisfactory.’ Itis a response as well as an address or saluta- tion. The Navaho say, both at meeting and parting, ‘Agalani,’ an archaic word the etymology of which is not yet ascer- tained. Among theCherokee thecolloquy isas follows: No.1 says, ‘Siyi’ [properly Asiyu], ‘good’; No. 2 responds, Asiyi; td- higwatsi?’ ‘good; are you in peace?’ To this No. 1 says, ‘Iam in peace, and how is itwith you?’ No.2ends by ‘lamin peace also.’ Among the Zufi happiness is al- ways asserted as wellasimplored. Inthe morning their greeting is, ‘ How have you passed the night?’ in the evening, ‘ How have you come unto the sunset?’ The re- ply always is ‘Happily.’ After a separa- tion of even short duration, if more than one day, the question is asked, ‘ How have you passed these many days?’ Thereply is invariably, ‘Happily,’ although the person addressed may be in severe suffer- ing or dying.”’ The greeting Hao/ or some variant was found over a much wider area than Mal- lery indicates. What Mallery says of smoking applies only to ceremonial vis- itings. The ordinary passing gveeting among the Plains tribes and probably most others is ‘‘Good’’ in the various - languages (Mooney). Close relations or very dear friends on meeting after a considerable absence would throw their right arms over each other’s left shoulders and their left arms under each other’s right arms, embrace gently and allow their heads to rest against each other for an instant. The ceremonial form of salutation consisted principally in rubbing with the hands, and BULL. 30] is thus described by Iberville as practised on the lower Mississippi: ‘‘When I arrived where my brother was, the chief or captain of the Bayogoulas came to the shore of the sea to show me friendship and civility after their manner, which is, _ being near you, to stop, pass the hands over their face and breast, and afterward pass their hands over yours, after which they raise them toward the sky, rubbing them and clasping them together”’ (Mar- gry, Déc., 1v, 154-55, 1880). Although varying to a certain extent, substantially the same ceremony is reported from the Indians of Carolina and the plains, the Delawares, the Iroquois, the Aleut, and the Eskimo proper; it was therefore wide- spread throughout North America. Rub- bing of noses by two personsis referred to by early Witers, and an old Haida Indian affirmed it to have been the ancient cus- tom among his people, but well authenti- cated cases are rare, although the rubbing of the nose with the hand was often observed among Eskimo tribes. Mooney says that most of these instances, as in the case of the Comanche, may have been nothing more than misconceptions of the hugging described above. Not in- frequently the rubbing ceremonies were accompanied by the shedding of tears. Friederici finds two areas in America in which this prevailed, one in the central and south-central part of South America among the Tupi tribes of Sao Paulo, Minas Gerzes, and Bahia, the Charrua of Banda Oriental, and some of the Chaco tribes; the second in North America w. of the Mississippi from the sources of that river tothe Texas coast. This was particularly conspicuous near the Gulf of Mexico, from which circumstance the tribes there were often called ‘‘ weepers.’’ Mooney states that he has noted the custom only where persons meet after a considerable absence, and it was explained to him as due to memories of events, particularly deaths, which had taken place since the previous meeting and which the figure of the long absent one calls to mind. In some cases, however, this has been observed on the first meeting of Indians with white men, when it perhaps had some religious significance. Consult Friederici in Globus, Lxxx1x, 30-34, 1906; Mallery (1) in Am. Anthr., 11, 201-16, 1890, (2) in Pop. Sci. Month., xxxvill, 477-90, 629-44, 1891. (J.R.8.) Salwahka (Sal-wa’-kha, prob. ‘at the foot of the creek.’—Sapir). A former Ta- kelma village near the mouth of Illinois r. or one of its tributaries in Oregon. Illinois Creek.—Dorsey, Takelma MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884, Illinois Valley (band).—Ibid. yus gla’ yiinné’.—Dorsey, Tutu MS. vocab., B. one 1884 (‘plenty-of-camas people’: Tutu. name). Sal-wa’-qa.—Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, I, 235, 1890 (own name). Salwaxa,—Sapir in Am. Anthr., 1X, 254, 1907. SALW AHKA—SAMOSET 421 Samahquam. A body of Salish of Fraser River agency, Brit. Col.; pop. 67 in 1909. Samackman.—Can. Ind. Aff., 188, 1879 (probably identical). Samahquam.—Can. Ind. Afi., pt. 2, ea 1901. Semaccom.—Can. Ind. Aff. 1884, 187, 1885. Samamish (Skagit: samena, ‘hunter.’— Gibbs). A Salish division on Samamish and Dwamish lakes, w. Wash., number- ing 101 in 1854. Gibbs classed them as of Dwamish connection. They are not to be confounded with the Sawamish of Totten inlet. Mon-mish.—Starling in Ind. Aff. Rep., 171, 1852 (separated by misprint from Say-hay-mon-mish). Sababish.—Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., I, 482, 1855. Sahmamish.—Starling, op. cit.,170. Sam-ab-mish.— Rossin Ind. Aff. Rep. 1869,135,1870, Sam-ahmish.— U.S. Ind. Treaties, 378, 1873. Samamish.—Gibbs, op. cit. Say-hay.—Starling, op. cit.,171 (see Mon- mish, above). Sim-a-mish.—Ross, ibid., 17, 1870. Samampac. A tribe, evidently of the Coahuiltecan family, met by Massanet (Diario, in Mem. de Nueva Espafia, xxvu, 94, MS.) in 1691 w. of Rio Hondo, Tex., with Patchal, Papanac, Patsau, and other tribes. (H. E. B.) Sambella. A former Upper Creek town on the vn. side of Tallapoosa r., in Elmore co., Ala.—Royce in 18th Rep. B. A. E., Ala. map, 1899. Samboukia. An unidentified tribe for- merly living on the k. side of Yazoo r., Miss. Mentioned only by Coxe, who places them between the Koroa and the Tihiou (Tioux). Samboukas.—Coxe in French, Hist. Coll. La., 111, ae ae Samboukia.—Coxe, Carolana, 10, map, Samish. A Salish division formerly on a river and bay of the same name in Washington, now on Lummi res. Asea- kum and Nukhwhaiimikhl were among their villages. Isamishs.—Domenech, Deserts N. A., I, 441, 1860. Kahmish.—Ross in Ind. Aff. Rep., 1385, 1869. Sabsh.—Mallet, ibid., 198, 1877 (said to be subor- dinate to Nugh-lemmy). Sahmish.—Stevens in H. R. Ex. Doc. 37, 34th Cong., 3d sess., 46, 1857. §’a/mic.—Boas in 5th Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 10, 1889. Samish.—Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., I, 436, 1855. Sawish.—Simmons in Ind. Aff, Rep., 224, 1858. Sohmish.—Stevens, op. cit., 70. Samoset (possibly from Osamoset, ‘he who walks over much.’—Gerard). A na- tive and sagamore of Pemaquid, and the original proprietor of the site of Bristol, Me. It is stated that he appeared among the Pilgrims soon after their landing in 1620 and greeted them with the words ‘Welcome, Englishmen!’’—showing that he was more or less acquainted with their language—and informed them that he was a sagamore of Moratiggon (q. v.). As he had been in the C. Cod country for 8 months, it is probable that he went thither with Capt. Dermer, who left Mon- hegan for C. Cod a few months previous to the date mentioned. Samoset intro- duced the Pilgrims to Massasoit (q. v.), with whom it seems he was in friendly relation at that time. Moved to pity by his apparent destitution, the Pilgrims 422 gave him ‘‘a horseman’s coat’’ and also “strong water and biskit and butter, and cheese and pudding, and a piece of a mal- lard.’’ Samoset repaid this kindness by the services he rendered the new colo- nists. He is next heard of two years later at Capmanwogen (Southport, Me.), with Capt. Levett, whom he esteemed as his special friend. In July, 1625, he, with Unongoit, executed the first deed made between the Indians and the English, con- veying to John Brown, of New Harbor, 12,000 acres of the Pemaquid territory. Nothing further is recorded of Samoset until 1653, when he signed a deed con- veying 1,000 acres to William Parnell, Thomas Way, and William England. He probably died soon thereafter, and was buried with his kindred on his is- land homestead near Round pond, in the town of Bristol. He is described as hav- ing been tall and straight, with hair long behind and short in front; his only dress ‘‘a leather’? about his waist with a fringe about a span long. Mention is made of one son born to him about 1624, but his name is not given. Consult Mourt in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., Ist s., v1, 226, 1802; Thornton in Me. Hist. Soe. Coll., v, 167-201, 1857; Sewell in Mag. Am. Hist., vir, 820-25, 1882. (CET) Samp. A maize porridge, once a very important article of food in New England and elsewhere. In 1677 the treasurer of Massachusetts was ordered to procure, among other things to be given as pres- ents to the king, ‘‘two hogsheads of spe- ciall good sampe.’’ Roger Williams (Key to Am. Lang., 33, 1643) defines the na- saump of the Narraganset dialect of Al- gonquian as ‘‘a kind of meale pottage unparched,’’ adding that ‘‘from this the English call their samp, which is Indian corn beaten and boiled, and eaten hot or cold with milke or butter.’’ Josselyn (1672) describes sampe as ‘‘a kind of loblolly of blue corn to eat with milk.”’ The Narraganset nasaump, ‘softened with water,’ is cognate with the Abnaki tsa”ba’n, corn mush, ete. CA, ae.) Sampala. A former Seminole town, 26 m. above the forks of Apalachicola r., on the w. bank, in Calhoun co., Fla.—H. R. Ex. Doc. 74 (1823), 19th Cong., Ist sess., 27, 1826. Sampanal. A tribe, evidently of the Coahuiltecan family, met by Massanet’s party in 1689, when on the way from Coahuila to Texas, at Sacatsol mts., 20 leagues N. of the Rio Grande, in Texas. They were with the Mescal, Yorica, Cho- mene (Jumano), Tilpayay, and other tribes (Manzanet, Carta, ca. 1690, in Quar. Tex. Hist. Asso., 11, 284, 1899). In 1691 Massanet met the same tribe near Rio Hondo( Diario, in Mem. de Nueva Espaiia, xxvu, 94, MS.). (H. E. B.) SAMP—SANA [B. A. B. Sanpanal.—Massanet (1691), Diario, op. cit. San- panale.—Massanet, List of Tribes dated Nov. 16, 1690, in Mem. de Nueva Espana, xxvu, 183, MS. Sampe. See Samp. Sana. A central Texastribe, apparently Tonkawan. It was known as early as 1691, when Massanet mentioned it in one of the most important passages bearing on the ethnology of early Texas. When about 25 m. N. BE. of San Antonio r., ap- parently at Arroyo del Cibolo, and about opposite Seguin, he wrote: ‘‘I may note that from the mission [San Salvador, in Coahuila] to this place there is still one language [the Coahuiltecan] . .. From this place to the Texas there are other languages. There follow the Catqueca, Cantona, Emet, Cavas, Sana, Tojo, Toaa, and other tribes of Indians. At the said place, it being on the boundary between the Indians, they speak different lan- guages, although they are all friendly and do not have wars.’’ The Coahuiltecan tribes called the place Xoloton, and the tribes to the rE. called it Bata Coniquiyoqui (Mem. de Nueva Espafia, xxvit, 98, MS. ). In 1716 the Chanas, evidently identical, are mentioned by Ramén, together with Apaches, Yojuanes, and Chuuipanes, as enemies of the Texas (Orig. MS. in Archivo Gen. de Mex.). An imperfect copy of Ramoén’s report give ‘‘Jumanes”’ and ‘‘Chivipanes’’ in place of Yojuanes and Chuuipanes (Representacién, Mem. de Nueva Espafia, xxvir, 160, MS.). In 1716 the same list is given as the Apaches, Yojuanes, Cibipanes, and Canas (Dicta- men Fiscal, Nov. 30, ibid., 193), and a few days later as Apaches, Jojuanes, Huvipanes (Ervipiames), and Chanas (Junta de Guerra, Dec. 2, 1716, ibid., 217). Ii the last list be correct, it is one of several indications of the Tonkawan affiliation of the Sana. Shortly after this period Llano r. was known as Rio de los Chanes, but it is not known that there is any connection between this and the name of the Sana tribe. In 1721 the Sana are again met and dealt with. Late in January, it seems, some of the tribe (Samas) came from the E. to San Antonio and reported to Capt. Garcia that Saint Denis, the French com- mandant at Natchitoches, had called a meeting of many tribes 30 leagues from San Antonio (Pefia, Diario, Mem. de Nueva Espafia, xxvii, 6, MS.). When Aguayo passed through San Antonio he made the Sana presents. Later he met part of the tribe, apparently in_ their home, halfway between the Guadalupe and the Colorado, in the neighborhood of modern San Marcos (ibid., 18). Late in 1739 or early in 1740 a severe epidemic visited the San Antonio mis- sions, and in Feb., 1740, the missionaries, wishing to replenish the supply of In- dians, declared their intention of bring- t BULL. 30] ing in ‘‘the Zanas and Mayeyes, since they are related to those already con- verted”’ (ibid., xxvii, 203). As Massa- net distinctly tells us that the Sana did not speak the Coahuiltecan language, and as the Mayeyes were quite evidently Ton- kawan, the conclusion is that the Sana also were Tonkawan. A _ considerable list of words spoken by the Sana and their congeners is extant, and a carefyl study of it will perhaps settle the point (San Antonio de Valero Bautismos, be- ginning with 1740, MS.). In 1740 gentile Sana began toenter San Antoniode Valero mission in considerable numbers, and con- tinued coming till about 1749. A study of the records shows that before entering the mission they were very closely inter- related by marriage with the Tojo (Tou, Too), Mayeye, Sijame, Tenu, and Au- juiap tribes or subtribes. In 1748, ‘Numa, of the Tou tribe, chief of the Zanas,’’ was baptized at the mission (San Antonio de Valero Bautismos, partidas 494, 549, 579, 581, 608, 633, 635, 647, 675, 714, ete.). In 1793 the Sana were men- tioned as one of the main tribes at San Antonio de Valero (Revilla-Gigedo, Carta, 195, in Dic. Univ. de Hist. y de Geog., v, 1854). The native pronunciation of the name was perhaps Chanas, but the most fre- quent spelling in the mission records is Zanas. Cf. Sanukh. H. E. B.) Canas.—Ramo6n (1716), Derrotero, in Mem. de Nueva Espafia, Xxvil, 198, MS. Chanas.—Junta de Guerra, 1716, ibid., 217; also Father Zarate ee. Valero Bautismos, partidas 1495-96. hanes.—Ramon, op. cit.,160. Sanas.—Massanet jg ig cit. Zana.—Valero Bautismos, partida San Agustin de Ahumada. A Spanish presidio established in 1756 near the mouth of Trinity r., Texas, to prevent the French from trading and _ settling among the Arkokisa and Bidai Indians, who lived along the lower courses of that stream and the Rio San Jacinto. Its establishment was the direct result of the arrest in 1754 (not 1757, as Morfi says) of one Blanecpain (or Lanpen), who was trading in that vicinity among the Arko- kisa. Bancroft gives the date of the founding as 1755, but an official report says that it was effected in consequence of an order of Feb. 12, 1756. It is true, however, that a temporary garrison was considered in 1755. Bancroft also fixes the first site about 100 m. up the Trinity, but official documents show that it was only about 2 leagues’ distance from the mouth. Near it was established, at about the same time, Nuestra Sefiora de la Luz, or Orcoquisac (Arkokisa), mission. Because of the unhealthfulness of the site, a plan to remove the presidio to the arroyo of Santa Rosa de Alcazar, a branch of the Rio San Jacinto, in the center of the Arkokisa country, was soon proposed; SAN AGUSTIN DE AHUMADA—SAN ANTONIO 423 in 1757 the Viceroy ordered the plan car- ried out; and, according to an official statement, it was accomplished before Aug., 1760, but this seems to be an error. Later, apparently in 1764, the presidio was ordered moved to Los Horconsitos, 2 or 3 leagues n. of the original site, but it appears that the removal was never made. A few years afterward the presidio was burned as the result of a quarrel, and in 1772 its abandonment was ordered, although this, as well as that of the mis- sion, had already taken place (see Lamar Papers, Span. MS. no. 25; Nacogdoches Archives, Span. MS. no. 488; Valcarcel, Expediente sobre Variaciones, etc., Aug. 7, 1760, MS. in Archivo Gen.; Abad to the Viceroy, Nov. 27, 1759, and Dicta- men Fiscal, Feb. 7, 1760, both in Béxar Archives, San Agustin de Ahumada; Viceroy Cruillasto Gov. Martos y Navarr- ete, Aug. 30, 1764, MS. in Béxar Archives; Bonilla, Breve Compendio, in Quar. Tex. Hist. Asso., vii, 11, 56, 57, 61, 1904; Ban- croit, No. Mex. States and Tex., 1, 615 (map), 653, 655-656, 1886). _ (H. E. B.) Orcoquisac.—Rubi, Dictamen, 1767, MS. San Agus- tin de Aumada.—Barrios y Jauregui (1756) in Na- cogdoches Archives, Span. MS. no. 488. San Augustin de Ahumada.—Ibid. San Augustin de ple Pie Rio de la Trinidad.—Valcarcel (1760), op. cit. San Andrés (Saint Andrew). A former village of the Tubar on the extreme head- waters of the Rio Fuerte, 3 m. from More- los, s. w. Chihuahua, Mexico; now largely Mexicanized. — Lumholtz, Unknown Mex., 1, 442, 1902. San Andrés Coamiata. A Huichol vil- lage near the upper waters of the Rio Chapalagana, on a plain in the sierra in the w. part of the tribal territory, in N. w. Jalisco, Mexico. San Andrés Coamiata.—Lumholtz, Huichol Ind., 5,1898. TatéIkia.—Lumholtz, Unknown Mex., 11, 27, 1902 (‘house of our mother,’ alluding to a mythical serpent: Huichol name). San Andrés Coata. A former Pima ran- cheria, visited and so named by Father Kino in 1697, and probably as early as 1694 (Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 1, 259, 1884); situated near the junction of the Gila and Salado, s. Ariz. Taylor (Cal. Farmer, June 13, 1862) mentions it as a mission founded by Kino in 1694, but this is evidently an error. San Andrés.—Garcés (1775), Diary, 142, 1900. San Andrés Coata.—Mange in Doc. Hist. Mex., 4ths., I, 306, 1856. San Angelo. A rancheria of the Sobai- puri, near the w. bank of Rio Santa Cruz, below its mouth ins. Arizona, first visited and doubtless sonamed by Father Kino in the latter part of the 17th century. §. Angel.—Kino, map (1701),in Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 360, 1889. S, Angelo.—Kino, map (1702), in Stécklein, Neue Welt-Bott, 74, 1726. San Antonio (Saint Anthony). A former pueblo of the Tigua, situated ©. of the present settlement of the same name, about the center of the Sierra de Gallego, or Sierra 424 de Carnué, between San Pedro and Chili- li, r. of the Rio Grande, N. Mex. Accord- ing to Bandelier (Arch. Inst. Papers, rv, 253, 1892), the only mention of the settle- ment is made in the Carnué land grant in the 18th century, and it must have been occupied within historic times. San Antonio. A former group of Al- chedoma rancherias, situated on the Rio Colorado in Arizona, 35 or 40 m. below the mouth of Bill Williams fork. Visited and so named by Fray Francisco Garcés in 1776.—Garcés, Diary, 423, 1900. San Antonio. A Tepehuane pueblo, and formerly the seat of a Spanish mission, at the n. boundary of Durango, Mexico, lon. 105°. S$. Antonio.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 319, 1864. San Antonio dela Huerta. A pueblo of the Nevome, situated at the junction of the Rio Batepito and Rio Soyopa, tribu- taries of the Rio Yaqui, about lat. 29°, lon. 109°, Sonora, Mexico (Orozco y Berra, Geog., 351, 1864). It is now a civilized pueblo, and contained 171 inhabitants in 1900. San Antonio de Padua, Thethird Fran- ciscan mission established in California. The place was chosen by Father Junipero Serra in the well-wooded valley of the stream now known as San Antonio r., about 6m. from the present town of Jolon, Monterey co. The native name of the place was Texhaya, or Teshaya. Herethe mission was founded by Serra with great enthusiasm on July 14, 1771, though only one native was present. The Indians, however, proved friendly; they brought food and helped in the work of con- structing the church and other necessary buildings. The first native was baptized a month later, and by the end of 1772, 158 baptisms were reported. In 1780 the neophytes numbered 585, while by 1790 they had reached 1,076, making it the largest mission community at that time in California. By 1800 there wasa slight increase to 1,118, while the greatest num- ber in the history of the mission, 1,124, was reached in 1805. The wealth of the mission was not so great as that of some others. The land was reported as rather sterile and difficult to irrigate, although the average crop for the decade ending 1810 was 3,780 bushels. In the year last named there were 3,700 cattle, 700 horses, and more than 8,000 sheep. Though the number of the neophytes gradually de- creased, reaching 878 in 1820 and 681 in 1830, the mission live stock continued to multiply and the crops were nearly as good as before. In 1830 Robinson (Life in California, 81, 1846) reported that everything at the mission was in the most perfect order, and the Indians cleanly and well dressed. Beyond an attack on the mission converts by some outside na- tives in 1774, in which one Indian only SAN ANTONIO—SAN ANTONIO DE VALERO [B. A. BE. was wounded, there does not seem to have been any trouble with the natives in this region. By 1830 there were said to be no more gentiles within 75 m. Up to 1834 the total number of Indians baptized was 4,348, of whom 2,587 were children. The earlier buildings of the mission were of adobe, but a new and larger church with arched corridors and a brick front was begun about 1809, and completed within the next ten years. The mission was formally secularized in 1835, and during the next few years declined rapidly, losing a large part of its stock. There was much friction between Padre Mer- cado and the civil administrator, and many of the Indians deserted because of bad treatment. As with the other mis- sions, the control was restored to the padres in 1843, but too late to accomplish much good. Thereseems to be no record of the sale of the mission. Padre Doroteo Ambris remained there for several years, and at his death the mission was deserted, except for an occasional service by a visit- ing priest from San Miguel. The place remained in ruins until 1904, when the Landmarks Club of California undertook its preservation. The Indians in the neighborhood of the San Antonio mission belonged to the Salinan linguistic stock, but the mission also had neophytes from the San Joaquin valley, probably Yokuts. The following names of villages have been taken from the old mission books (Taylor, Cal. Farmer, Apr. 27, 1860): Atnel, Chacomex, Chitama, Cholucyte, Chunapatama, Chuquilin (San Miguelita), Chuzach, Cinnisel, Ejmal, Ginace, Iolon, Lamaca, Lima, Quina (Quinada), Sapay- wis, Seama, Steloglamo, Subazama, Teco- lom, Teshaya, Tetachoya (Ojitos), Texja, Tsilacomap, Zassalete, Zumblito. The rancherias, it is said, were generally named after their chiefs. (A. B. L.) San Antonio de Valero. A mission, com- monly knownas the The Alamo ( Ah’-lah- mo), transplanted in 1718 from the Rio Grande to the site of the present city of San Antonio, Texas. It, together with the ad- jacent presidio and villa, wasfoundedas an intermediate center of operations between the Rio Grande and the 5. Texas mis- sions, which had been reestablished in 1716. The missionary part of the enter- prise was planned and directed by Fray Antonio de San Buenaventura de Oli- vares. In 1700 he had founded San Fran- cisco Solano mission near the Rio Grande, in Valle de la Circumcisién (Portillo, Apuntes para la Historia Antigua de Coahuila y Texas, 269-70, 1888). It was subsequently moved to San Ildefonso, thence to San Joseph, on the Rio Grande, a short distance from Presidio del Rio Grande ( Valero Bautismos, folio 1). The principal tribe baptized at these places was the Xarame, although the Siaguan, BULL. 30] Payuguan, Papanac, and perhaps others were represented. By 1716, 364 baptisms had been performed ( Valero Bautismos). In this year, when the government was planning a settlement between the Rio Grande and f£. Texas, Olivares proposed transplanting this mission, with its In- dians, to the river then called San Antonio de Padua, maintaining that his Xarames, since they were well versed in agriculture, would assist in teaching and subduing new neophytes (Olivares to the Viceroy, Mem. de Nueva Espajfia, 169-70, MS.). This plan was carried out in 1718, pos- session of the new site being formally given on May 1. The transfer was no doubt facilitated by the close affinity of the tribes at the new site with those at the old. The mission was founded near the z. frontier of the Coahuiltecan group. The tribes or bands near by were ex- tremely numerous and in general cor- respondingly small. One of the chief ones was the Payaya. This was not the first time they had heard the gospel, for in1691 Massanet had entered their village on San Antonio r. (whichthey had called Yanagua- na), set up a cross, erected an altar in a chapel of boughs, said mass in the pres- ence of the natives, explained its mean- ing, and distributed rosaries, besides giv- ing the Payaya chief a horse. This tribe, Massanet said, was large, and their rancherias deserved the name of pueblo (Diario, Mem. de Nueva Espafia, xxvu, 95-96, MS.). Within about a year the mission, now called San Antoniode Valero, wasremoved across the river, evidently to the site it still occupies (Espinosa, Chrénica Apos- tolica, 450, 1746). From the records it seems that only one baptism was per- formed in 1718. In 1719 there were 24, mainly of Xarames and Payayas, but representing also the Cluetau, Junced (Juncal?), Pamaya, Siaguan, Sijame, Sumi, and Terocodame tribes. The first decade resulted in about 250 baptisms, representing some 40 so-called tribes. By Feb. 1740, there had been 837 bap- tisms. Shortly before this an epidemic had gone through all the San Antonio missions, and left at Valero only 184 neophytes; but immediately afterward (1739-40) 77 Tacamanes (Tacames?) were SAN ANTONIO DE VALERO CHURCH OF SAN ANTONIO DE VALERO, “THE ALAMO” 425 brought in (Mem. de Nueva Espaiia, xxvul, 203-04, MS.). A report made Dec. 17, 1741, showed 238 persons resi- dent at the mission ( Urrutia to the Vice- roy, MS.). On May 8, 1744, the first stone of a new church was laid, but in 1762 it was being rebuilt, a work that seems neyer to have been completed ( Diego Mar- tin Garcia, 1745, op. cit., and Ynforme de Misiones, 1762, Mem. de Nueva Espajia, xxvii, 164, MS.). According toa report made in 1762, the books showed 1,972 baptisms (evidently an exaggeration), 247 burials, and 454 marriages. There were then 275 persons, of the Xarame, Payaya, Sana, Lipan (captives mainly), Coco, Tojo (Tou), and Karankawa tribes. Of this number 32 were gen- tiles of the last-named tribe, whose reduction was then being attempted, notwithstanding the opposition of the Zacatecan missions (see Nuestra Senora del Rosario). The same report, be- sides describing the monastery workshops, church, chapel, and? rane hs says of the In- dian quarters: “There are 7 rows of houses for the dwell- ings of the In- dians; they are made of stone and supplied with doors and windows; they are furnished with high beds, chests, metates, pots, flat earthen pans, kettles, cauldrons, and boilers. With their arched porticoes the houses form a broad and beautiful plaza through which runs a canal skirted by willows and fruit trees, and used by the Indians. To insure a supply of water in case of blockade by the enemy a curbed well has been made. For the defense of the settlement, the plaza is surrounded by awall. Over the gate isa large tower with its embrasures, 3 cannons, some firearms, and appropriate supplies (Trans. by E. Z. Rather, in Bolton and Barker, With the Makers of Texas, 64-65, 1904). For a description of the massive walls, see Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 1, 207-08, 1889. After 1765 the activity of this mission suddenly declined, even more rapidly than that of the neighboring missions. This decline was contemporaneous, on the one hand, with the lessening of po- litical activity in Texas after the acquisi- tion of Louisiana by the Spaniards, and, on the other hand, with a growing hos- 426 tility on the part of the northern tribes. It seems also true that the docile tribes on which the mission had largely de- pended were becoming exhausted. Moreover the growing villa of San Fer- nando encroached upon the mission lands and injurious quarrels resulted. From 1764 to 1783 only 102 baptisms were recorded for Valero, while a number of these were of Spaniards. In 1775 In- spector Oconor reported fewer than 15 families there (quoted by Portillo, op. cit., 297-98). In 1793 there were still 43 Payaya, Sana, and others, evidently sur- vivors of families brought there long before (Revilla Gigedo, Carta, Dec. 27, 1793, MS.). In 1793 this mission was secularized, and the lands were divided among the neophytes and some of the citizens (not Indians) who had abandoned Adaes in 1773. The walled inclosure and the buildings were later occupied by the com- pany del Alamo de Parras, whence the name Alamo (Revillo-Gigedo, op. cit.; Portillo, op. cit., 353-54), and in 1836 they became the scene of one of the most heroic events in all history—the famed resistance and annihilation of Travis and his men, Mar. 6, 1836. The chapel is now the property of the State of Texas. The baptismal records show the surpris- ing number of about 100 apparently dis- tinct tribes or subtribes represented at this mission during its whole career after the remoyal to the San Antonio. These are: Apache, Apion, Caguas, Camai, Cantuna (Cantanual), Cems (Quems?), Chaguan- tapam, Chapamaco, Chuapas, Cimataguo, Cluetau, Coco, Cocomeioje (Coco), Colo- rado, Comanche, Cupdan, Emet, Gabilan, Guerjuatida, Huacacasa, Hyerbipiamo, Jancae (Tonkawa?), Juamaca(Juampa?), Juancas, Jueinzum, Juncatas (Junca- taguo), Junced, Karankawa, Lipan, Ma- cocoma (Cocoma), Manos Coloradas, Manos Prietas, Maquems, Matucar, Ma- yeye, Menequen, Merhuan, Mescales, Mesquites, Mulato, Muruam, Natao, Necpacha (Apache?), Nigco, Ocana, Pachaquen (cf. Pacuaches), Pachaug, Paguanan, Pamaya, Papanac (Panac), Paquache, Pasqual, Pastaloca, Pataguo, Patan, Patauium, Patou, Patzau, Pausa- qui, Pausay, Payaya, Payuguan (Payu- huan), Peana, Piniquu, Pita, Psaupsau, Quesal, Quimso (Quems?), Secmoco, Sencase, Siaban, Siaguan, Siaguasan, Siansi, Sijame, Sinicu, Siniczo (Senisos, Cenizos), Sulujame, Sumi, Tacames (Ta- camane), Tenu, Terocodame, Tetzino, Texa (Hainai?), Ticmamar, Tishim, Ton- kawa, Tonzaumacagua, Tucana, Tuu, Ujuiap (Aujuiap), Uracha, Xarame, Xaraname (Araname), Yacdossa, Yman, Yojuan, Yorica, Yuta (Yute), Zorquan. (H. E. B.) SANATE ADIVA—SAN BUENAVENTURA [B. A. B. San Antonio de Velero,—Bancroft, No. Mex. States, I, 618, 1886 (misprint). Sanate Adiva (said to mean ‘great woman,’ or ‘chief woman’). A priestess or chieftainess at the Nabedache village on San Pedro ecr., Houston co., Texas, in 1768. See Nabedache. San Athanasio (Saint Athanasius). A Cochimi pueblo and visita 5 leagues from SanIgnacio de Kadakaman mission, Lower California, in 1745.—Venegas, Hist. Cal., u, 198, 1759. San Benito (Saint Benedict). A former Serrano village of 80 inhabitants near the source of the Rio Mohave, 3 leagues nN. E. over the mountains from San Bernardino valley. It was visited and so named by Fray Francisco Garcés in 1776.—Gareés, Diary (1776), 246, 1900. San Bernabé(Saint Barnabas). Se a) San Marcos. A Cochimi visitation town of Santa Rosalia Mulege mission in 1745, on the E. shore of Lower California, 8 leagues n. of Mulege, probably on San Marcos id.—Venegas, Hist. Cal., 11, 198, 1759. ese San Marcos de Apalache. The principal town and mission station of the Apala- chee in the 17th century, situated about the present St Marks, Wakulla co., Fla. It is mentioned in a letter of the chiefs of the tribe to the King of Spain in 1688. In1704it wastaken andentirely destroyed, with the church and other mission build- ings, by the English and their Indian al- lies under Gov. Moore. (J. M.) San Marcos.—Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg.,I, 76, 1884. San Marcos de Apalache.—Barcia, Ensayo, 339, 1723. St. Mark de Appalachee.—Brackenridge (1827) in Williams, West Fla., 107, 1827. St. Marks.—Shea, Cath. Miss., 74, 1855. San Martin. A former Maricopa ran- cheria on Gila r., w. of the great bend, in s. w. Arizona; visited by Anza, Font, and Garcés in 1775. See Garcés (1775), Diary, 117, 1900. 8. Martin of the Opas.—Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 392, 1889. San Martin. A former rancheria, prob- ably Papago, visited by Father Kino in 1701; situated in s. w. Sonora, Mexico, between Busanic and Sonoita.—Kino cited by Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 1, 497, 1884. San Mateo (Saint Matthew). A Timu- cua mission town in 1688, named in an address from the chiefs of the tribe to the King of Spain (see copy and translation by Gatschet in Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., xvitt, 497, 1880). There appears to have been another town of the same name, possibly a Spanish settlement, in w. Florida at a later date. (3. M.) San Mateo. A former Jova pueblo and seat of a Spanish mission founded in 1677; situated in r. Sonora, Mexico, about lat. 29°. It was temporarily deserted in 1690, owing to Apache depredations. Pop. 596 in 1678, and only 95 in 1730. San Mateo—Zapata (1678) in Doc. Hist. Mex., 4th s., 11, 349, 1857. San Mateo de Saguaripa.— Ibid. San Mateo Malzura.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 345, 1864. S. Mateo.—Bancroft, No. Mex. States, I, 513, 1884. San Mateo. A pueblo, probably Kere- san, in New Mexico in 1590.—Sosa (1590) in Doc. Inéd., xv, 254, 1871. San Miguel (Saint Michael) The six- teenth Franciscan mission established in California. The site chosen was ata place called by the natives Vahia, in the upper Salinas valley, between San Antonio and San Luis Obispo, in the n. part of the present San Luis Obispo co. Taylor (Cal. 3456°—Bull. 30, pt 2—07——29 SAN MARCOS—SAN MIGUEL 449 Farmer, Apr. 27, 1860) says the name of the rancheria at the site of the mission was Chulam, or Chalomi. At this place Fr. Lasuen, on July 25, 1797, ‘‘in the presence of a great multitude of gentiles of both sexes and of all ages,”’ formally founded the mission. The natives were very friendly, and 15children were offered for baptism the same day. The mission grew rapidly in population and wealth. By 1800 there were 362 neophytes, and 973 in 1810, while the greatest number, 1,076, was reached in 1814. At the end of the first three years the mission had 372 horses and cattle, and 1,582 small stock, while the crops for that year (1800) were 1,900 bushels. In 1810 there were 5,281 cattle and horses, 11,160 small stock, with an average crop for the pre- ceding decade of 3,468 bushels. During the next decade the stock increased con- siderably, but the crops began and con- tinued to decline. In 1806 the mission lost a number of its buildings and a large quantity of supplies by fire, but the roof only of the church was injured. Shortly after 1818 a new church was completed. In 1828 the mission lands were reported as extending from the ocean to Tulare lake. In 1834 there were 599 neophytes. Up to this time the total number of na- tives baptized was 2,562, of whom 1,277 were children. The mission was secu- larized in 1836, and was generally pros- perous until 1840, as its ranches and vine- yards had not been granted to private individuals. The Indians lived at the mission and on the ranches, and in 1840 still numbered 350. In 1844, however, San Miguel was reported as without lands or cattle, while its neophytes were demor- alized and scattered for want of aminister. The mission was sold in 1845, but the purchase was later declared invalid. The church and monastery were preserved and are still in use. The church is par- ticularly interesting because of the inte- rior decorations, which have been prac- tically undisturbed since the days of the first padres. The Indians of this mission belonged to the Salinan (q. v.) linguistic family, though among the neophytes were many, probably Yokuts, from San Joaquin valley, with whom the natives around the mission are said to have been on intimate terms. (AS Ben) San Miguel. A former village of the Tubar on the extreme headwaters of the Rio Fuerte, in s. w. Chihuahua, Mexico. Although now largely Mexicanized, it is still the chief seat of the Tubar people. — Lumholtz, Unknown Mex., 1, 443, 1902. San Miguel. A Cochimi settlement and visita of Nuestra Sefora de Guadalupe mission in Lower California, from which it was distant 6 leagues s. E., in 1745,— Venegas, Hist. Cal., 11, 198, 1759, 450 San Miguel de la Frontera (Saint Mi- chael of the Frontier). A Dominican mission established by Fathers Val- dellon and Lopez, in 1782, about lat. 32° 10’, Lower California, 30 m. s. E. of San Diego, Cal. The rancherias connected with the mission it 1860 were Otat, Hawai, Ekquall, Hassasei, Inomassi, Nell- mole, and Mattawottis. The inhabitants spoke a Dieguefio dialect. See Taylor in Cal. Farmer, May 18, 1860. San Miguel of the frontiers.—Taylor cited by Browne, Res. Pac. Slope, app., 51, 1869. f San Miguel de Linares. A Franciscan mission established among the Adai, near Sabine r., La., in 1716. In 1719 a force of French, with Natchitoch and Caddo allies, took possession of it, and the Indians destroyed the buildings, but the mission was reestablished by the Span- iards with 400 Adai 2 years later. It reported 103 baptisms in 1768, and was abandoned in 1773. Adaes.—Garrison, Texas, 75,1903. Los Adeas.—La Harpe (1719) quoted by Bancroft, No. Mex. States, I, 618, 1886. San Miguel.—Bancroft, ibid., 626. San Miguel de Cuellar.—Ibid., 615, 666. San Miguel de los Adais.—Pelaez, Mem. Guatemala, IIT, 52, 1852. San Miguel de los Adeas.—Ibid., 618. 8 San Miguel de los Noches (‘Saint Michael of the Noches,’ here referring to a Yokuts tribe sometimes called Noches, who lived in the vicinity). A rancheria situated probably on the site of the present Bakers- field, Kern co., s. Cal., in 1776. San Miguel de los Noches por el Santo Principe.— Garcés, Diary (1775-76), 299, 1900. San Miguel Zuaque. A settlement of the Zuaque division of the Cahita, on the s. bank of Rio del Fuerte, 20 m. above its mouth, in n. w. Sinaloa, Mexico. The inhabitants used both the Zuaque and the Vacoregue dialects. San Miguel Zuaque.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 332, 1864. S, Michaél.—Kino, map (1702), in Stécklein, Neue Welt-Bott, 1726. §S. Miguel.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., Map, 1864. Sannak. A fishing settlement of Aleut on Sannak id., x. Aleutians, Alaska; pop. 132 in 1890.—Eleventh Census, Alaska, 163, 1893. Sannio. A Cayuga village on the k. side and at the foot of Cayuga lake, N. Y., in 1750.—De Schweinitz, Life of Zeisberger, 57, 1870. Sannup. A word said to have been used in Massachusetts as a designation for an Indian married man. It is mentioned first in the Voyages into New England of Levett (1628), whose travels did not ex- tend southward beyond the boundaries of Maine, and who remarks, ‘‘The saga- mores will scarce speak to an ordinary man, but will point to their men and say ‘“sanops must speak to sanops and saga- mores to sagamores.’’ Cotton Mather, in his Magnalia (ca. 1688), usesthe word in his classification of Indian society, in which he states that the highest class consisted of the ‘‘nobles,’’ comprising all those who SAN MIGUEL DE LA FRONTERA—SAN PASCUAL [B. A. B. were descended from blood royal, those who were invested with authority by the sachem and who had always been consid- ered as noble; and, second, the ‘‘yeo- men’’ or ‘‘sannups,’’ who formed the mass of the community, and possessed a right in the lands of the tribe, ete.; and, third, the ‘‘villains”’ or ‘‘serfs,’? who had no property in the land, and were in some degree subject to the sannups or ordinary citizens. The word was not known to the Massachuset Indians, but by the whites who used it, like the words skunk, wig- wam, musquash, and sagamore, was bor- rowed from the dialects of the A bnaki, in which it occurs in the following forms: Norridgewock seenavbe, Passamaquoddy sena”be, Penobscot sana”’ba, ‘man,’ vir (in contradistinction to drénanbe, dlénanbe, ‘true man,’ homo). Thesuffix -a”be means ‘map,’ but the meaning of the prefix seen-, sen-, is not known. W. R. G.) San Pablo (Saint Paul). A former Yuma rancheria on the Rio Colorado, 8 or 10 m. below the present Yuma and about a league s. of Pilot Knob, in California. It was visited by Garcés, Anza, and Font in 1775, and was on or near the site of the later mission of San Pedro y San Pablo (q. v.). See Coues, Gareés Diary (1775- 76), 19, 163, 1900. Laguna del Capitan Pablo.—Coues, op. cit., 163. Laguna de San Pablo.—Ibid. San Pablo. A former Yuma rancheria on the s. bank of the Rio Gila, Ariz., 3 leagues above its mouth. It was visited by Father Kino in 1699. S. Pablo.—Kino, map (1701), in Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 360, 1889. §. Paulus.—Kino, map (1702), in Stocklein, Neue Welt-Bott, 74,1726. $tPablo.— Venegas, Hist. Cal., I, map, 1759 (located where San Pedro should be). A small San Pascual (Holy Easter). band of Dieguefio Indians in San Diego co., 8. Cal. ‘‘The maps show an Indian reservation named San Pascual, but actu- ally there is no such reservation. A reservation was selected for these Indians comprising certain descriptions of land in township 12s., range 1 w., in San Diego co. By some inexcusable error, the land was actually reserved in township 11 s., range 1 w. None of the San Pascual Indians ever lived on the land actually reserved, as that was considered to be Shoshonean territory, and the San Pas- cual are Yuman. Both pieces of land are barren and of little value. The Indians actually occupied the land in township 12. In the years that have passed, all the land intheintended reservation worth filing on has been taken up by the whites in the usual manner’’ (Kelsey, Rep. Cal. Inds., 30, 1906). In 1909 the San Pas- cual Indians numbered 71, under the Mesa Grande school superintendent. San Pascual.—Burton (1856) in H. R. Ex. Doc. 76, 34th Cong., 3d sess., 114, 1857. San Pasqual.—Sleigh in Ind. Aff. Rep, 1878, 32, 1874. BULL. 30] SAN San Pascual, A former pueblo of the Piro on the g. bank of the Rio Grande, opposite the present San Antonio village (which occupies the site of Senect.), Socorro co., N. Mex. Shea (Cath. Miss., 82, 1855) states that a mission existed there and that it was destroyed during the rebellion of 1680. According to Ban- delier, however, the village in all proba- bility was abandoned about 1675, since Senecti, on the opposite side of the river, was destroyed early in that vear by the Apache. Consult Bandelierin Arch. Inst. Papers, Iv, 250, 1892. See also Piro. San Pascual. A former Yuma ranch- eria on Gila r., Ariz., 16 to 20 leagues aboveits mouth, visited by Anza and Font in 1775.—Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 392, 1889. San Pascual. A village of the Gidane- muk, a branch of the Serranos of s. Cali- fornia, visited and so named by Fray Francisco Garcés in 1776. San Pasqual.—Garcés, Diary, 273, 1900. San Pedro (Saint Peter). A Yuma rancheria on the Rio Gila in Arizona, 3 leagues above its junction with the Colo- rado. It was visited by Father Eusebio Kino in 1699. §. Pedro.— Kino, map (1701), in Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 360, 1889 (see p. 359). S. Petrus.—Kino, map (1702), in Stocklein, Neue Welt-Bott, 74, 1726. St Peter.—Venegas, Hist. Cal., 1, map, 1759 (located where San Pablo should be). San Pedro. A Mohave rancheria, visited and so named by Fray Francisco Garcés in 1776; situated on or near the w. bank of the Rio Colorado, lat. 35° 01’, about 8 m. N. w. of Needles, s. &. Cal.—Garcés, Diary (1776), 234, 416, 1900. San Pedro de los Jamajabs.—Garcés, op. cit. San Pedro. A Timucua mission on the present Cumberland id., Fla., named in 1688 in an address from the chiefs of the tribe to the King of Spain, a translation of which appears in Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., xv, 497, 1880. San Pedro. A rancheria of the Tejas (Hainai), on a stream of the same name, at which the Franciscan mission of San Francisco de los Tejas (q.v.) was founded in 1690. It contained 80 men in 1782 (Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 1, 665, 1886). See Nabedache. San Pedro. One of the principal settle- ments of the Mayo, situated in s. Sonora, ~: eaiaealima coe in Am. Anthr., v1, 59, 1904. San Pedro Guazave. A former settle- ment of the Guazave ( Vacoregue) on the gk. bank of Rio Sinaloa, about lat. 25° 40’, nN. w. Sinaloa, Mexico. Guasave.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., map, 1864. San Pedro Guasave.—Ibid., 332. San Pedro Martire (Saint Peter the Martyr). A Dominican mission, founded May 28, 1794, by Father Pallas, about 40 m. E. of Santo Tomas mission, lat. 31° 50’, Lower California. San Pedro Martyr.—Taylor in Browne, Res. Pac. Slope. app.. 50. 1869. PASCUAL—SANPOIL 451 San Pedro y San Pablo (Saint Peter and Saint Paul). A mission established by Fray Francisco Garcés in 1780 among the Yuma on the w. bank of Colorado r., near the site of modern Fort Defiance (Pilot Knob), 8 or 10 m. below Yuma, in extreme s. E. California. On July 17-19, 1781, the mission was sacked and burned by the natives, about 50 Span- iards, including Garcés, three other friars, and Capt. Rivera y Moncada were killed, and the women and children made captives. See Concepcidn, Missions, San Pablo. Bicuner.—Coues, Garcés Diary, 21, 1900. San Pedro- Pablo.—Taylor in Browne, Res. Pac. Slope, app., 51,1869. San Pedro y San Pablo.—Arricivita, Cron. Seraf., 504-511, 539, 1792; Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 397, 1889; Coues, cited above. San Pedro y acd Pablo de Bicuner.—Coues, Garcés Diary, 19, 1900. San Pedro y San Pablo. A Cochimi set- tlement and visita in 1745, situated 8 leagues E. of the parent mission of Nues- tra Sefiora de Guadalupe, lat. 27°, Lower California. San Pedro and San Pablo.—Venegas, Hist. Cal., 11, 198, 1759. Sanpet. A body of Ute formerly occu- pying San Pete valley and Sevier r., cen- tral Utah. Powell found 36 on the Uinta res., Utah, in 1873, although they are said to have numbered 500 in 1865. They are now included under the collective name ° of Uinta Ute. (H. W. H.) Land Pitches.—Farnham, Travels, 58, 1843. Sam- peetches.—De Smet, Letters, 37,1843. Sampiches.— Prichard, Phys. Hist. Man., v, 430, 1847. Sam- pichya.—Burton, City of Saints, 578, 1861. Sam- puches.—Collins in Ind. Aff. Rep., 125, 1861. San-Petes.—Humphreys in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1859, 381, 1860. Sanpiche Utahs.—Wilson (1849) in Cal. Mess. and Corresp., 185, 1850. San Pitch.—Correll (1856) in H. R. Ex. Doe. 29, 37th Cong., 2d sess., 37, 1862. San Pitches.—Cooley in Ind. Aff. Rep., 18, 1865. Sanpits.—Gebow, Shoshonay Vocab., 5, 1868 (Shoshoni name). Sempiche Utahs.—Wilson in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 67, 1850. Sanpoil. A body of Salish on Sans Poil r. and on the Columbia below Big bend, Wash. Gibbs classed them as one of the 8 bands of Spokan and also as one of the 6 bands of Okinagan, they being claimed by both tribes. In 1905 they were re- ported to number 324, on the Colville res., but in 1909 their population was given as only 178, the disparity being at- tributed to duplication in previous counts. No treaty was ever made with these In- dians for their lands, the Government taking possession of their country except such portions as have been set apart by Executive order for their occupancy. Cingpoils.—De Smet, Letters, 220, 1843. Hai-ai’- nima.—Mooney in 14th Rep. B. A. E., 733, 1896 Yakima name). MHe-high-e-nim-mo.—Gibbs in ac. R. R. Rep., I, 417, 1855. Hihighenimmo.— Lewis and Clark Exped., I, 475, 1814. Hihighe- nimo.—Kelley, Oregon, 68,1830. Ipoilq.—Mooney in 14th Rep. B. A. E., 733, 1896 (Yakima name), Linpoilish.—Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 200, map: 1853. N’pochele.—Gibbs in ‘Pac. R. R. Rep., 1, 414, 1855. N’poch-le.—Stevensin Ind. Aff. Rep., 429, 1854. N’pockle.—Gibbs, op. cit.,412. San Poels.—Shanks in Sen. Misc. Doc. 32, 43d Cong., Ist sess., 3, 1874. Sanpoil.—Ind. Aff. Rep. 1901, 702, 1902. Sanpoils.— 452 Stevens, ibid., 22, 1870. Sanspoéle.—Wilson in Trans. Ethnol. Soc. Lond., 292, 1866. Sans Puelles.— Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., 1, 414, 1855. Sapwell.— Parker, Jour., 293, 1840. Sempoils.—Lane in Sen. Ex. Doc. 52, 31st Cong., 1st sess., 170, 1850. Sina- poil.—Cox, Columbia R., 0, 38, 1831. Sinapoi- luch.—Anderson quoted by Gibbs in Hist. Mag., VII, 77, 1863. Sinipouals.—Duflot de Mofras, Ore- gon, II, 335, 1844. Sinpaivelish.M’ Vickar, Exped. Lewis and Clark, I1, 386, 1842. Sinpauelish.— Parker, Jour., 313, 1842. Sin-poh-ell-ech-ach.— Ross, Adventures, 290, 1849. Sinpoil_—De Smet, Letters, 169, 1843. Sin-poil-er-hu.—Suckley in Pac. R. R. Rep., 1, 300, 1855. Sin-poil-schne.—Gibbs, ibid., 414. Siur Poils—Mooney in 14th Rep. B. A. E., 733, 1896 (variantform). Sklarkum.—Suckley, op. cit.,300. Snpoilixiy.—Gatschet, MS., B. A. E. (Okinaganform). Snpuélish.—Ibid. (Salish form). San Rafael. The next to the last Fran- ciscan mission established in California; founded as an asistencia or branch of San Francisco (Dolores). The mortality among the Indians in San Francisco had become so great that a panic was feared, and atransfer of a portion of the survivors to some situation on the wn. side of the bay was proposed. At first they were sent over without a priest, but after several had died it was determined to found a new establishment; this was done, Dec. 14, 1817, the new mission being dedicated to San Rafael Arcdingel. The native name of the place was Nanaguami. About 230 neophytes were transferred from San Francisco, most of whom, how- ever, originally came from the N. side of the bay. An adobe building, 87 by 42 ft, divided into rooms for chapel, dwelling- rooms, etc., was finished in 1818. Two years later there were 590 neophytes, and 1,140, the highest number reached, in 1828. By 1823 the establishment was recognized as a separate mission. Its wealth was never very great, though it was prosperous, having in 1830, 1,548 large stock and 1,852 sheep, with an average crop for the preceding decade of 2,454 bushels. In 1830 there were 970 neo- phytes, the number decreasing about 50 percent in the next four years. At the time of secularization considerable prop- erty was distributed among the Indians; but in 1837, under the plea that the na- tives were not making good use of it, this was again brought together, with a prom- ise of redistribution under more favor- able circumstances. In 1839 the Indians were reported to be greatly dissatisfied, and in 1840 a distribution of the livestock was ordered. There were then 190 In- dians near the mission, and probably 150 more scattered elsewhere. In 1846 Fré- mont took possession of the mission. After he left, it seems to have been unoc- cupied, and it has now entirely disap- peared. The neophytes probably be- longed chiefly to the Olamentke division of the Moquelumnan family. (A.B. L.) San Rafael. Formerly arancheria of the Papago ins. Arizona, near the headwaters of the Rio Salado of Sonora, Mexico; vis- ited in 1701 and 1702 by Father Kino and SAN RAFAEL—SAN SABAS [B. A. B. sonamed by him. Possibly identical with the modern Mesquite or Quijotoa (q. v.), but not to be confounded with the mission of Guevavi, which bore the same saint name, nor with San Serafin (Actum). San Rafael.—Kino (1700) in Doc. Hist. Mex., 4th 8., I, 318, 1856. S. Rafael_—Kino, map (1701), in Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 360, 1889; Venegas, Hist. Cal., 1, map, 1759. S. Rafael Actun.— Ban- croft, No. Mex. States, 1, 502, 1884. S. Raphaél.— pine, map (1702), in Stécklein, Neue Welt-Bott, San Rafael. A former rancheria in s. Arizona, probably Maricopa, visited by Kino and Mange in 1699 (Mange cited by Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 358, 1889). Not to be confounded with the San Rafael in the Pima country. San Rafael de los Gentiles. Mentioned by Bancroft (Ariz. and N. Mex., 281, 1889) as a pueblo settlement of New Mexico with 15 inhabitants, about 1765. Local- ity not known. San Rudesindo. A rancheria of the Quigyuma, visited and so named by Father Kino in Mar. 1702. Doubtless situated on the rE. bank of the Rio Colo- rado, just above its mouth, in N. w. Sonora, Mexico. See Venegas, Hist. Cal., 1, 310, 1759; Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 1, 500, 1884; Coues, Garcés Diary, 178, 1900. San Sabé. A Franciscan mission estab- lished on the Rio San Sabdé in Texas, in Apr. 1757, among the Lipan Apache, under the protection of the presidio of San Luis de las Amarillas, 14 leagues dis- tant, named in honor of the Viceroy of Mexico. The Spaniards were induced by the Lipan to found the mission in order that they might gain the aid of the former against their enemies the Coman- che, but after its establishment the Lipan refused under various pretexts to become concentrated under mission influence. On Mar. 2, 1758, the Comanche and their allies (Wichita and others) raided the Spanish horse herd and captured 62 head, and on the 16th 2,000(?) mounted hostiles gained entrance to the mission under protestations of friendship, murdered nearly all the occupants, and burned the buildings. But few of the Lipan were killed, most of them having fled to the mountains on the approach of the Co- manche. In the following year an expe- dition against the raiders was made, and in an attack on a rancheria 150 leagues away, 55 of the foe were killed, but little else was accomplished, the Spaniards fleeing when a band of warriors, said to number 6,000, of different tribes, at a place called San Teodoro in the Wichita (Taovayases) country, made a stand against them. See Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 1, 646, 1886; Garrison, Texas, 1904. San Sabas. A visitation town in 1745, situated 3 leagues from the parent mission of San Ignacio de Kadakaman, about lat. BULL. 30] 28° 40’, Lower California. Its inhabit- ants spoke a Cochimi dialect. See Vene- gas, Hist. Cal., 1m, 198, 1759. San Salvador (Holy Savior). A former rancheria, evidently of the Sobaipuri, on San Pedro r., above Quiburi, s. Ariz.—Kino, map (1701), in Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 360, 1889. Sans Arcs (French trans. of Itazipcho, ‘without bows,’ from itazipa, ‘bow,’ and cho, abbrev. of chodan, ‘without’). A band of the Teton Sioux. Hayden, about 1860, says that they and the Hunk- papa and Sihasapa ‘‘occupy nearly the YELLOW HAWK, A SANS ARC same district and are so often camped near each other, and are otherwise so connected in their operations as scarcely to admit of being treated separately.”’ On the other hand, Warren (Dacota Country ) indicates that their closest rela- tions were with the Miniconjou. Their divisions as given by Swift ina letter to Dorsey (1884) are: 1 Itazipcho (Without bows); 2 Shinalutaoin (Scarlet- cloth earring); 3 Wolutayuta (Eat-dried- venison-from-the-hind-quarter); 4 Maz- pegnaka (Wear-metal-in-the-hair); 5 Tatankachesli (Dung-of-a-buffalo-bull) ; SAN SALVADOR—SANTA AGUIDA 453 6 Shikshichela (Bad - ones - of-different- kinds); 7 Tiyopaoshanunpa (Smokes-at- the-entrance-to-the-lodge). The Sans Arcs entered into a peace treaty with the United States at Ft Sully, 8. Dak., Oct. 20, 1865, and were a party also to the treaty of Ft Laramie, Wyo., Apr. 29, 1868. Bowpith.—Warren, Dacota Country, 16, 1856. Ee-ta-sip-shov.—Catlin, N. A. Inds., I, 223, 1841. Itahzipchois.—Warren, Dacota Country, 16, 1856. Itazipchos.—Ibid., index, vi. Itazip¢o.—Riggs, Da- kota Gram, xvi, 1852 (trans. ‘bow pith,’ or ‘ with- out bows’). Itazipcoes.—Keane in Stanford, Com- pend., 516, 1878. Itazipko.—Burton, City of Saints, 119, 1861. Lack-Bows.—De Smet, Letters, 37, note, 1843. Ma/-i-sin-as.—Hayden, Ethnog. and Philol. Mo. Val., 290, 1862 (Cheyenne name). Nobows.— Hoffman (1854) in H. R. Doc. 36, 33d Cong., 2d sess. 3, 1855. Sans Arcs.—Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 629, 1853. Sansarcs Dakotas.—Hayden, Ethnog.and Philol. Mo. Val., map, 1862. Sarsares.—Cleveland in Our Chureh Work, Dec. 4, 1875 (misprint). Taze-char.—Corliss, Lacotah MS. vocab., B. A. E., 106, 1874 (trans. ‘bows from the heart of a tree’). Taze-par-war-nee-cha.—Corliss, ibid. |Without- Bows.—Hayden, Ethnog. and Philol. Mo. Val., 371, 1862. San Sebastian. A Kawia rancheria in the 18th century; situated in central southern California, lat. 33° 08’, evi- dently near Salton lake. Father Font re- ferred to it as ‘‘a small rancheria of the mountain Cajuenches, or more properly of the Jecuiches.’? See Coues, Garcés Diary (1775), 167, 1900. San Sebastian.— Font (1775) cited by Coues, Garcés Diary (1775), 167, 1900. San Sebastian Peregrino.— Gareés (1774), ibid., 42. San Sevastian.—Garcés (1775), ibid., 167. San Sebastian. A puebloof the Huichol, situated about 5 m. s. of Santa Catarina, and 10 m. £. of Rio Chapalagana, in the Sierra de los Huicholes, Jalisco, Mexico.— Lumboltz, Unknown Mex., 1, 16, map, 257, 1902. San Serafin (Holy Seraph; also St Fran- cis of Assisi). A former Pima rancheria n.W.of San Xavierdel Bac,s. Ariz.; visited by Kino and Mange in 1699. Guactum.—Mange (1701) quoted by Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 359, 1889. San. Serafin.—Venegas, Hist. Cal., 1, map, 1759. San Serafin de Actum.— Mange (1700) in Doc, Hist. Mex., 4th s,, I, 318, 1856. Seraphim.—Kino, map (1702), in Stocklein, Neue Welt-Bott, 74, 1726. §S. Serafin.—Kino, map (1701), in Baneroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 360, 1889. S. Serafin Actum.—Bancroft, ibid., 358. §. Serafino del Napeub.—Anza and Font (1780) quoted by Bancroft, ibid., 392. San Simon. A mission village, prob- ably on St Simon id., Georgia coast, the inhabitants of which were among those revolting against the Spaniards of Florida in 1687.—Barcia, Ensayo, 287, 1723. San Simon y San Judas. A former Pa- pago rancheria, visited and so named by Father Kino in 1700; situated in Sonora, Mexico, about lon. 111°, lat. 31°, between Cocospera and Busanic. San Simon y San Judas.—Mange cited by Ban- croft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 359, 1889. S. Simon.— Bancroft, No. Mex. States, I, 497, 1854. Santa Aguida. A Cochimi rancheria in 1706, probably in the vicinity of San Ignacio Kadakaman mission, on the 454 shore of Amuna in Lower California.— Venegas, Hist. Cal., 1, 421, 1759. Santa Ana (Saint Ann). A Keresan pueblo onthe n. bank of the Rio Jemez, a w. affluent of the Rio Grande, in central New Mexico. The original pueblo of the tribe, according to Bandelier, stood near the Mesa del Cangelon, w. of the Rio Grande and Nn. of Bernalillo; but this was abandoned prior to the Spanish ex- plorations in the 16th century, and another pueblo built on an elevation that rises about midway between Santa Ana and San Felipe, on the great Black mesa of San Felipe. This was the village vis- ited in 1598 by Ofiate, who referred to it as Tamy and Tamaya—the latter being the name applied by the inhabitants to A NATIVE OF SANTA ANA both this pueblo and its predecessor. It was early the seat of a Spanish mission; but at the outbreak of the Pueblo rebel- lion in 1680 it had no priest, yet was not without achurch and monastery. Inthat revolt the Santa Ana people joined those of San Felipe in the massacre of the mis- sionaries at Santo Domingo and the colo- nists in the Rio Grande valley. As the pueblo was situated w. of the Rio Grande, it was not molested by Goy. Otermin during his attempt to reconquer New Mexico in 1681, but in 1687 Pedro Rene- ros de Posada, then governor at El Paso, carried the pueblo by storm after a des- perate resistance, and burned it, sev- eral Indians perishing in the flames. When Vargas made his appearance in SANTA ANA—SANTA BARBARA [B. A. B. 1692 the Santa Ana tribe occupied a mesa known as Cerro Colorado, some 10 m. Nn. and eastward from Jemez, but were induced by Vargas to return to their former locality, where they constructed the pueblo occupied to-day. This, like the two former villages, is also known to the natives as Tamaya. In 1782 Santa Ana was a visita of the mission of Sia. Population 253 in 1890, 226 in 1905, and 211 in 1910. Theclans of Santa Ana are: Tsinha (Turkey), Dyami (Eagle), Yak (Corn), Hooka (Dove), Shutson (Coyote), Showita (Parrot), Hakan (Fire). Consult Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, 111, 126, 1890; rv, 193 et seq., 1892; Ban- croft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 200, 1889. See also Keresan Family, Pueblos. (¥. w. 8.) Hweréi.—Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (Tigua name). Ramaya.—Columbus Mem. Vol., 156, 1893 (misprint of Onate’s Tamaya). §, Anna,— Blaeu, Atlas, XI, 62, 1667. Santa Ana.—Onate (1598) in Doe. Inéd., xv1,114,1871. Santa Anna,— Villa-Sefior, Theatro Am., 11, 415, 1748. Santana.— Hezio (1797-98) in Meline, Two Thousand Miles, 269, 1867. Sta. Ana.—Alcedo, Dic. Geog., I, 85, 1786. St Ana.—D’Anvyille, Map Am. Sept., 1746. St Ana.—Arrowsmith, Map N. A., 1795, ed. 1814, Tamaiya,—Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (San Felipe and Cochiti form of name), Tam- aya.—Ibid. (name of pueblo in Santa Ana and Sia dialects). Tamaya.—Ofate (1598) in. Doe. Inéd., xvi, 115, 1871. Ta-ma-yaé.—Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Bull., 1,18, 1883. Tamy.—Ofate (1598), op. cit., 102. Tamya.—Coronado [Onate] quoted by Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Bull., I, 18, 1888. Tan-a-ya.—Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, Iv, 194, 1892 (misprint). To-Mia.—Loew in Ann. Rep. Wheeler Surv., app. LL, 178, 1875. Tom- i-ya.—Simpson in Rep. Sec. War, 143, 1850. Tu’- na-ji-i’,—Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (Jemez and Pecos name), Santa Ana. A pueblo of the Opata in 1730, with 34 inhabitants (Rivera, 1730, cited by Bancroft, No. Mex. Stateé, 1, 513, 1884); situated in one of the eastern Sonora valleys, Mexico, but definite lo- cality unknown. At the present time there are five settlements called Santa Ana in Sonora. Santa Ana. A pueblo, inhabited by both Tarahumare and Tepehuane, on the headwaters of the Rio del Fuerte, about lat. 26° 30’, s. w. Chihuahua, Mex- ico.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 322, 324, map, 1864. Santa Ana. A former pueblo of the Va- rohio division of the Tarahumare, be- tween Batopilas and Guachochic, s. w. Chihuahua, Mexico.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 324, 1864; Lumholtz, Unknown Mex., 1, 446, 1902. Santa Barbara. The tenth Franciscan mission founded in California. The pre- sidio of Santa Barbara was established in 1782, soon after the founding of San Buenaventura mission, and it was the in- tention to found a mission at Santa Bar- . bara also, but owing to lack of agreement between the civil authorities and the padres as to the method of organization of the proposed seat, it was not founded BULL. 30] SANTA BARBARA—SANTA CATALINA DE LOS YUMAS till several years later. Finally, on Dec. 4, 1786, the cross was raised and blessed by Fr. Lasuen ata place called Taynayan by the natives, a mile or so from the pre- sidio. Owing to it being the rainy season, buildings were not begun until later. By 1790 there were 438 neophytes. A church 18 X 90 ft, and numerous other buildings, all roofed with tiles, had been com pleted. In the next 10 years the number of neo- phytes increased to only 864, though 1,237 were baptized and only 624 had died. Probably some of the others had been allowed to live in their own villages away from the mission. A new church was finished in 1794, and by 1800 quite a number of new buildings had _ been erected. At that time there were 60 neo- phytes engaged in making and weaving cloth, w hile a carpenter ‘and a tanner were regularly employed to teach the na- tives those trades. Within the next few years 234 adobe houses were erected for the neophytes. In 1803 a mission chapel was built at San Miguel. In 1801 an epi- demic carried off a great num- ber of the na- tives and caused the neophytes, through a pre- tended revela- tion of their old deities, tem- porarily to re- nounce Chris- tianity, though the Fathers knew nothing of this until later. The greatest number of neophytes, 1,792, was reached in 1803; in 1810 there were 1,355. The crops were good, aver- aging 6, 216 bushels for the preceding decade; ‘the large stock numbered 5,670, and small stock 8,190. During the fol- lowing decade the crops increased some- what, but the stock declined. The earth- quake of 1812 injured rather seriously the . church, and a new one, 40 165 ft, was begun in 1815, and completed and dedi- catedin 1820. Thisisstillstanding. The walls are 6 ft thick, of irregular sandstone blocks laid in cement, while the towers, 20 ft square, are, with the exception of a narrow passageway in one of them, solid masses of stone and cement to a height of 30 ft. In 1820 there were 1,132 neo- phytes, in 1830 only 711. In 1824 there was considerable trouble with the neo- phytes; a revolt had arisen at Santa Inés, and the Indians from Santa Barbara de- manded that the soldiers at the mission leave their arms and withdraw to the pre- Petr ‘ia ict MISSION OF SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA 455 sidio. This demand finally led to a con- flict, and the natives fled to the hills and later to San Joaquin valley. After the revolt at Santa Inés and Purfsima had been quelled, the Indians were finally in- duced to return by the granting of a gen- eral pardon. The padresand the church property were at no time interfered with. In 1834 there were 556 neophytes. The total number of natives baptized up to that time was 4,658, of whom 2,168 were children. In 1840 there were still prob- ably 250 ex-neophytes at the mission. The mission continued prosperous even after its secularization, and the buildings were kept in better condition than at other places. In 1843 it was returned to the control of the padres, who, in 1844, re- ported that they had the greatest difficulty in supporting the 285 souls dependent on them. In 1846 the mission was sold for bea though the principal buildings, ss as elsewhere, remained in the possession of the Church, and have been bet- ter preserved than at any other California mission. The Indians con- nected with Santa Barbara belonged chief- ly to the Chu- mashan (q. v.) linguistic fam- ily, though Yokuts were also probably represented, as many neo- phytes are reported as coming from the “‘Tulares.”’ (A. B. L. ) Santa Barbara. A former rancheria, probably of the Papago, visited by Father Kino in 1706; situated 4m. s. w. of Bu- sanic, near the headwaters of the wn. branch of Altar r., in Sonora, Mexico.— Kino cited by Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 1, 501, 1884. Santa Catalina (Saint Catherine). A mission town, probably Yamasee, perhaps on St Catherine id., Ga. Its inhabitants revolted in 1687 against the Spaniards, destroyed the mission, and fled to the English in Carolina. Ban Ga Catalina.—Barcia, Ensayo, 287, 1723. St. Catherine’s.—Shea, Cath. Miss., 73, 1855. Santa Catalina. A former Tepehuane pueblo in lat 25° 10’, lon. 106°, nN. w. Durango, Mexico, the seat of a Jesuit mis- sion founded by Geronimo Ramirez in 1596, but abandoned in 1616.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 318, 1864. Santa Catalina de los Yumas. A mission founded by the Dominican Father Lori- 456 ent, May 18, 1797, in the n. part of Lower California, 50 m. £. of Santo Tomés mis- sion, about lat. 31° 20’. It was destroyed by the Indians between 1827 and 1833. This was the last mission established in Lower California. According to Duflot de Mofras (Voy., 1, 217, 228, 1844) the In- dians living there were the Gueymura. See also Taylor in Browne, Pac. Slope, app., 51, 1869. Santa Catarina. A settlement of the Huichol, consisting of only 11 houses and a temple, in the valley of the middle Rio Chapalagana, aN. 5. tributary of the Rio Grande de Santiago, in Jalisco, Mexico.— Lumholtz, Unknown Mex., 1, 16, map, 147, 1902. Toapuli.Lumholtz, ibid., 147 (‘where there is amole : Huichol name). Santa Clara. The eighth Franciscan mission established in California. The site first chosen was near Guadalupe r., not far from the head of San Francisco bay, and about 3 m. from its present po- sition. This site was called Thamien by the natives. Here the mission was founded, Jan. 12, 1777, and dedicated to’ Santa Clara de Asis. Cattle and supplies arrived from Monterey and San Fran- cisco, and work on the buildings was immediately begun. The Indians were at first friendly, but soon began to steal cattle, and did not entirely desist even after 3 were killed and several flogged. By the end of the year there had been 67 baptisms, mostly children. In 1779 the mission was twice flooded, and it was decided to rebuild at another site on higher ground. A new church was begun in 1781 and finished in 1784, the finest erected in California up to that time. This church was considerably damaged by earthquakes in 1812 and later, and a new one was finally built on the present site in 1825-26. Shortly after 1800 there was considerable trouble with the natives. Many of the neophytes seem to have run away at different times, and the expedi- tions sent out to bring them back were attacked in a few cases. The wealth of the mission increased rapidly. In 1790 the large stock numbered 2,817, small stock 836; in 1800 there were about 5,000 each, while in 1810 the numbers were 8,353 and 10,027, respectively, with aver- age crops for the two decades of 4,600 and 4,970 bushels. The converts also increased rapidly, numbering 927 in 1790, 1,247 in 1800, 1,332 in 1810, and 1,357 in 1820. The highest figure, 1,464, was reached in 1827, after which the decline was very rapid. The stock and the yearly crops of the mission had decreased considerably before this time. The total number of natives baptized up to 1834 was 7,711, of whom 38,177 were children. The death-rate at the mission was very high. In 1834 there were about 800 SANTA CATARINA—SANTA CLARA {B. A. B. neophytes, while in 1840 there were only 290, with possibly 150 more scattered in the district. The mission was secular- ized in 1837. By 1840 two-thirds of the stock and apparently all of the available property had disappeared. The mission was returned to the control of the padres in 1843, and two years later there were about 150 ex-neophytes connected with the mission. After this Santa Clara mis- sion became a regular parish church, and in 1851 Santa Clara College was estab- lished in the old mission buildings. The growth of the college necessitated the reno- vation and enlargement of the buildings, so that now there is little remaining of the old adobe structures. The Indians in the neighborhood of the mission belonged to the Costanoan linguistic family, and these doubtless furnished the majority of the neophytes, yet itis probable thatthe Mari- posan ( Yokuts) and Moquelumnan stocks were also represented. (Ay B.ED Santa Clara. A Tewa pueblo on thew. bank of the Rio Grande, about 30 m. above Santa Fé, in Rio Arriba co., N. Mex. The native nameof the pueblo is K’ hapdo, said to mean ‘‘where the roses (?) grow near the water.’’ The nativesassert that their ancestors dwelt in the clusters of A NATIVE OF SANTA CLARA artificial grottos excavated in cliffs of pumice-stone (Puye and Shufinne) w. of the Rio Grande, and this may be true of both historic and prehistoric times; but the Santa Clara people probably were not the only Tewa occupants of these cliff-lodges. Santa Clara was formerly the seat of a Spanish mission, with a BULL. 30] church and monastery erected between 1622 and 1629, and was a visita of the mission of San Ildefonso (q. v.) until 1782, when it was again made a mission with San Ildefonso as its visita. Like Sia and Nambe, this pueblo, according to Bandelier, doubtless owed its decline to the constant inter-killing going on for supposed evil practices of witchcraft, or to the ravages of disease, for in 1782 500 deaths occurred in this and San Juan pueblos alone within two months (Ban- delier in Arch. Inst. Papers, rv, 23, 1892). Not to be confounded with the Tano pueblo of Tuerto, whose aboriginal name is the same as that of Santa Clara. The Santa Claraclansare: Tang (Sun), Khung (Corn), Tse (Eagle), Kea (Badger), Pe (Tree or Firewood ), Te (Cottonwood), Na (Earth), Po (Calabash), D’ye (Go- pher), Kunya (Turquoise), Kupi (Coral), Yan (Willow), and Pa (Deer). There are also said to be an Oak and a Cloud clan. Pop. 277 in 1910. (F. w. H.) Ak’-e-ji.— Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (Pecos name). Ana Sishi.—Curtis, Am. Ind., 1, 138, 1907 (‘tribe like bears,’ so named from their skunk-skin moccasins, at first thought to be of bear-skin: Navaho name). Ca-po.—Bandelier in Ritch, New Mexico, 201, 1885 (native name). Capo.—Vetanecurt (1696), Cronica, 317, 1871. Capoo.—Benavides, Memorial, 59, 1630. Caypa.— Onate (1598) in Doc. Inéd., xvI, 256, 1871 (con- founded with San Juan). Giowaka-a’.—Steven- son, Pecos MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1887 (Pecos name of the pueblo). Giowatsa-a’.—Ibid. Hai’bata,— Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (Taos name). Haiba’yi.—Ibid., 1899 (another form of Taos name). Haiphaha.—Ibid. (Picuris name). Kah-po.—Jouvenceau in Cath. Pion., I, no. 9, 12, 1906. Kaiipa.—Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (Acomaname). Kai’p’a.—Ibid. (Cochitiname). Kap-ho’.—Ibid. (San Juan and San Ildefonso form). Ka-Po.—Bandelier (1888) in Proc. Cong. Am., vil, 457, 1890. Ka-po,—Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, 111, 124, 260, 1890 (native name of pueblo). Ka-Poo.—Bandelier, Gilded Man, 232, 1893. Ka-pou.—Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, Iv, 64,1892. Kapung.—Stephenin 8th Rep.B. A. E., 37,1891 (Hano name). K’haibhai.—Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (Isleta name). K’ha-po’-o.— Ibid. (own name). Santa Clara,—Ofiate (1598) in Doe. Inéd., Xvi, 116, 1871. §S, Clara.—Crepy, Map Ameér. Sept., 1783 (?). Shi-ap’-a-gi.—Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (Jemez name). St#Clara.— D’Anville, Map Amér. Sept., 1746. St Clara.—De l’'Isle, Carte Mex. et Flor., 1703. Santa Clara. A collective term used to designate the Indians formerly living within the territory or under the influ- ence of Santa Clara mission, Santa Clara co.,Cal. They were Thamien, with their divisions into Gergecensens and Socoisu- kas (Taylorin Cal. Farmer, Novy. 23, 1860). Santa Clara. A former village in Cali- fornia, socalled by the padres of San Carlos mission. Its people are said to have been Esselen.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 20, 1860. Santa Coleta. A group of rancherias, evidently of the Alchedoma, near the Rio Colorado in w. Arizona, about 50 m. below the mouth of Bill Williams fork. They were visited and so named by Fray Fran- cisco Garcés in 1776. SANTA CLARA—SANTA CRUZ 457 Rancherias de Santa Coleta.—Garcés (1776), Diary, 424, 1900. Santa Cruz (Holy Cross), The twelfth Franciscan mission established in Califor- nia. The proposed site was personally ex- amined by Fr. Lasuen, who found the natives friendly and ready to help. Sup- plies and native assistants were sent from the neighboring missions, especia!ly Santa Clara, and the mission was formally founded Sept. 25, 1791, at the place where is now situated the town of Santa Cruz, Santa Clara co. At the end of the year there were 84 neophytes. In 1792 there were 224, and the highest number, 523, was reached in 1796. In 1800 there were 492. At this time the mission had 2,354 head of cattle and horses, and 2,083 of small stock, while the crop forthe yearamounted to 4,300 bushels. The church, 30 by 112 ft and 25 ft high, with stone front, was completed and dedicated in 1794. In 1797 a number of colonists arrived from Mex- ico and settled just across the river Lo- renzo from the mission. This settlement caused the missionaries much trouble, and seems to have demoralized the In- dians. In 1798 the padre in charge was much discouraged with the outlook and reported that 138 neophytes had deserted. He protested against the settlement, but withouteffect. 'Thenumberof neophytes remained about the same for the next 20 years, being 507 in 1810, and 461 in 1820. The livestock increased and the crops continued good. In 1812 one of the fa- thers was murdered by some of the neo- phytes, who plead in defense that he was excessively cruel, had flogged two of them to death, and was inventing further instru- ments of torture. In 1818 and 1819 there was considerable friction between the mission fathers and the authorities at Brancifort, all but three of the neophytes leaving the mission at one time for fear of attack. After 1820 the mission continued prosperous, but the population decreased, there being 320 neophytes in 1830, and about 250 in 1834. The total number of natives baptized up to that time was 2,216, of whom 939 were children. With- in 4 years after its secularization most of the property had disappeared. In 1839 there were 70 Indians reported at the mission, with perhaps as many more scat- tered in the district. In 1840 a number of buildings were destroyed and the church was injured by an earthquake. After 1842 the mission was regarded as a part of Brancifort; the buildings had then en- tirely disappeared. The Indians in the neighborhood of the mission belong to the Costanoan linguistic family. The mission had neophytes from the follow- ing villages, all in the present county of Santa Cruz (Taylor, Cal. Farmer, Apr. 5, 1860): Achilla, Aestaca, Agtism, Apil, Aulintac, Chalumii, Chanech, Chicutae, 458 Choromi, Coot, Hauzaurni, Hottrochtac, Huachi, Hualquilme, Huocom, Locobo, Luchasmi, Mallin, Nohioalli, Ochoyos, Onbi, Osacalis (Souquel), Payanmin, Sachuen, Sagin, Shiuguermi, Shoremee, Sio Cotchmin, Tejey, Tomoy, Turami, Utalliam, Wallanmi, Yeunaba, Yeunata, Yeunator. (A. B. L. ) Santa Cruz. A former Tewa pueblo, sit- uated 5. of the Rio Grande, 30 m. Nn. w. of Santa Fé, at the site of the present town of the same name. It was abandoned probably about the time of the Pueblo re- volt of 1680-92, but was refounded with 29 families in 1706 and a mission estab- lished. The place gradually became civil- ized, and is now a ‘‘Mexican’”’ town. La Canada.—Prince, Hist. N. Mex., 319, 1883 (or Santa Cruz). Santa Cruz de la Cafiada,—Villa- Senor, Theatro Am., pt 2, 413, 1748. Santa Maria de Grado.—Cuervo (1706) quoted by Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 228, 1889 (mission name from 1706); Jefferys, Am. Atlas, map 5, 1776. Santa Cruz. A settlement, chiefly of Lipan, at which a Spanish mission was established in 1762; situated in the valley of San José, halfway between San Sabé and the Rio Grande, in Texas. San Lorenzo de la Santa Cruz.—Arricivita quoted by Buschmann, Spiiren d. aztek. Spr., 307, 1859. Santa Cruz. A former Opata pueblo of Sonora, Mexico, the inhabitants of which were called Contla (Orozco y Berra, Geog., 344, 1864). Probably situated on the Rio Sonora, about lat. 30°. Santa Cruz. One of the Apalachee towns of Florida, mentioned in the letter of Apalachee chiefs to Charles II, King of Spain, in 1688.—-Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., 1, 76, 1884. Santa Cruz de Mayo. A settlement of the Mayo on the w. bank of Rio Mayo, about 12 m. above its mouth, s. w. So- nora, Mexico. Santa Cruz de Mayo.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 356, 1864. §. Crux.—Kino, map (1702), in Stécklein, Neue Welt-Bott, 1726. Santa Eulalia. A former rancheria, probably of the Sobaipuri, visited by Father Kino in 1700. Situated slightly nN. w. Of Busanic, immediately s. of the present Arizona-Sonora boundary. Santa Tulalia.—Venegas, Hist. Cal., 1, 300, 1759 (misprint). Sta Eulalia.—Early writer quoted by Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 359, 1889. St, Eula- lia.—Kino, map (1701), in Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 360, 1889. Santa Fé (Holy Faith). A former Cora pueblo and seat of a mission with San Diego and San Juan Bautista as its visitas. Situated near the n. bank of the Rio Grande de Santiago, lon. 104° 40’, Jalisco, Mexico.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 280, 1864. Santa Fé. A Seminole town on the zg. fork of Suwannee r., Fla., in 1822. Santa Fé.—Romans, Fla., 280, 1775. Santa-fee- talofa.—Bell in Morse, Rep. to See. War, 306, 1822. Santa Gertrudis (Saint Gertrude). A mission founded in 1751 by Father Consag on the E.side of Lower California, lat. 27° SANTA ORUZ—SANTA INES [B. A. B. 58’.. The Indians, who spoke a Cochimi dialect, numbered about 1,000 in 1767. (See Hervas, Saggio, 79-80, 1787; Taylor in Browne, Res. Pac. Slope, app., 50, 1869. ) Santa Gertrudis. A small MHuichol rancheria, with a temple, in Jalisco, Mexico. Santa Gertrudes.—Lumholtz, Unknown Mex., II, 16, map, 1902. Santa Inés (Saint Agnes). The nine- teenth Franciscan mission established in California; founded Sept. 17, 1804, at a place called by the natives Alajulapu, about 25 m. from Santa Barbara, and nearly as far from Purisima. A large number of neophytes from Santa Barbara and Purisima attended the opening cere- mony, and many remained at the new mission. On the same day 27 children were baptized. By the end of the first year there were 225 neophytes, in 1810 there were 628, while the highest number, 768, was reached in 1816. In material things the mission prospered, having 7,720 head of large stock in 1820, 5,100 of small stock, and an average annual crop for the preceding decade of 4,340 bushels. The stock increased and the crops continued good for another decade, between 1822 and 1827 supplies to the value of $10,767 being furnished the presidio at Santa Bar- bara. The first church was seriously in- jured by an earthquake in 1812, and a new one of adobe lined with brick, which still stands, was completed in 1817. In 1824 there was a revolt of the neophytes at Santa Inés, and a conflict between them and the soldiers, a large part of the mis- sion buildings being burned, and the hos- tile Indians fleeing, apparently to Purf- sima (q.v.). In 1830 there were 408 neo- phytes, but the number decreased to 344 in 1834. Up to that time 1,323 natives had been baptized, of whom 757 were children. In 1840 there were still about 300 Indians in the neighborhood, and the affairs of the mission were generally pros- perous. In 1844 Santa Inés was reported to have had 264 neophytes, with sufficient resources for their support. After this the property of the mission rapidly de- clined, and in 1846 the land was sold for $7,000, but the building and church prop- erty remained in the charge of the padre. In 1844 anecclesiastical college was opened at Santa Inés, but it was abandoned 6 years later. The Indians in the neigh- borhood of the mission belonged to the Chumashan (q. v.) linguistic family, to which most of its neophytes probably be- longed. Many came from the Channel islands, especially Santa Rosa. Some of the neophytes were skilled workers in silver and carved leather, and their work and productions were and still are highly prized for their excellence and artistic merit. (A. B. L.) BULL. 30] Santa Inés. A reservation of unsur- veyed, unpatented land, occupied by 52 Mission Indians in 1909; situated 240 m. from Mission Tule River agency, in Santa Barbara co., not far from the old Santa Inés mission, s. Cal. These Indians were located on lands belonging to the Cath- olic Church and also what is known as the college grants. Legal steps were taken several years ago to obtain for the use of these Indians the lands on which they had resided, and which they had culti- vated for many years, but the question has not yet been determined. Santa Ynez.—Ind. Aff. Rep. 1902, 175, 1903. SantaIsabel. A Dieguefio village about 50m. N. E. of San Diego, s. Cal. Pop. 125 in 1873. The name is now given to a reservation of 29,845 acres of waterless, mountainous stock land, with 284 inhab- itants. Santa Isabella.—Audubon (1849), Western Jour., 169, 1906. Santa Ysabel.—Ames, Rep. Miss. Inds., 5, 1873. St. Isabella.—Emory, Recon., 614, 1848. Santa Isabel. A group of Mohave ran- cherias, visited and so named by Fray Francisco Garcés in 1776; situated at or in the vicinity of the present Needles, s. E. Cal.—Garcés, Diary (1776), 234, 1900. Santa Isabel. Mentioned as the last Yuma rancheria on the s. side of the Rio Gila; visited by Father Kino in Nov. 1701.—Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 1, 497, 1884. Santa Lucia. A former visitation town of San Ignacio de Kadakaman mission, situated 10 leagues distant from it, about lat. 28°, Lower California. Its inhabit- ants were Cochimi. See Venegas, Hist. Cal., 1, 421; 1, 198, 1759. Santa Lucia de Acuera. A Spanish mis- sion of the 17th century, established at the Timucuan town of Acuera, on the zB. coast of Florida, s. of Cape Cafiaveral. It was probably destroyed, with the other Timucuan missions, in the invasion of the hostile Creeks and Carolina troops about 1705. Distinct from Acquera. (.. M.) Santa Margarita. A name applied by Fray Francisco Garcés (Diary, 411, 1900) in 1776 to a rancheria, probably of the Walapai, near the Cerbat mts. of w. Arizona. Santa Margarita. Given by Bancroft (Nat. Races, 1, 460, 1874) as a Luisefio village of California, but it perhaps be- longed to the Shoshonean Kawia. Santa Maria (Saint Mary). A settle- ment, probably of a people speaking a Cochimi dialect, situated 5 leagues n. of the mission of Nuestra Sefiora de Guad- alupe, above lat. 27°, Lower California. In 1745 it was a visita of the mission men- poe See Venegas, Hist. Cal., 1, 198, 1759. Santa Maria de los Dolores (Saint Mary of the Sorrows). A former pueblo of the Jova, with 180 inhabitants in 1730; situ- ated in E. Sonora, Mexico, near Rio Viejo, SANTA INES—SANTA OLALLA 459 a tributary of the Yaqui. It formed a visita of the mission of Teopari prior to the abandonment of that pueblo on ac- count of Apache depredations in the latter Sek of the 18th century. olores.—Rivera (1730) quoted by Bancroft, No. Mex. States, I, 514, 1884. Los Dolores.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 345, 1864. Santa Maria de los Do- lores.—Rivera (1730) cited by Bandelierin Arch. Inst. Papers, Iv, 510, 1892. Santa Maria de Palaxy. A settlement at the mouth of Yellow r., Santa Rosa co., w. Fla., probably one of the villages into which the remnant of the Apalachee was gathered after 1718. Santa Maria Magdalena. A mission founded by Father Linck’s two associates, Arnes and Diez, at Cabujakaamang, in lat. 830° or 31°, Lower California. It was the last Jesuit mission established in that territory. For reference to its language, see Buschmann, Spuren, 472, 1858, and consult also Venegas, Hist. Cal., 11, 199, 1759. Cabujacaamang.—Clavijero, Hist. Baja Cal., 108, 1852. Cabujakaamang.—Clavigero, Storia della Cal., 11, 181, 1789. Cabujakamang.—Shea, Cath. Miss., 90, 1855. Santa Maria.—Taylor quoted by Browne, Res. Pac. Slope, app., 50, 1869. Santa Maria de los Angeles de Kabu Juacama.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Jan. 24, 1862. St. Mary’s.—Shea, op. cit. Santa Maria Magdalena. A former Te- moris pueblo in Chinipas valley, w. Chi- huahua, Mexico; pop. 585 in 1678.—Oroz- co y Berra, Geog., 324, 1864. . Santa Marta (Saint Martha). A visita of San Ignacio de Kadakaman mission and situated 11 leagues from it, in lat. 28°, Lower California, in 1745. Santa Martha.—Venegas, Hist. Cal., 11, 198, 1759. Santa Monica. A visita of San Ignacio de Kadakaman mission, situated 7 leagues from it, about lat. 28°, Lower California, in 1745.—Venegas, Hist. Cal., 11., 198, 1759. Santan (corruption of Span. Santa Ana). A Pima settlement on the N. bank of Rio Gila, opposite the Pima agency, s. Ariz. A0’pohitim.—Russell in 26th Rep. B. A. E., 23, 1908 (native name, of unknown meaning). Santa Nynfa. A visitaofSan Ignacio de Kadakaman mission, situated 5 leagues from it, about lat. 28°, Lower California, in 1745. Santa Nympha.—Venegas, Hist. Cal., I, 421, 1759. Santa Nynfa.—lIbid., 1, 198, 1759. Santa Olalla. A ‘‘laguna,’’ or perhaps more strictly a flat subject to inundation, which in the 18th century contained some Yuma rancherias; situated in n. Lower California, lat. 32° 33’, somewhat above the entrance of New r. to the main flood- plain of the Rio Colorado, 6 to 10 m. w. of the latter and about 8 leagues w. s. w. of the mouth of the Gila. It was notable, at the time named, as the end of the Yuma and the beginning of the Cajuen- che settlements. The Comeya also de- scended ‘‘to this land to eat calabashes and other fruits of the river.’’? See Coues, Garcés Diary (1775-6), 165 et seq., 1900. 460 Santa Eulalia.—Coues, op. cit., 165. Santa Olalla.— Ibid. Santa Olaya.—Ibid., passim. St. Eulalie.— Ibid. Santa Rita (Holy Rite). The Spanish name of what was probably an ancient settlement of the Tepecano, or of a re- lated tribe, but occupied since early in the 18th century by Tlaxcaltec intro- duced by the Spaniards for defense againstthe ‘‘Chichimecs’’; situated about 15 m.s. EB. of Bolafios, in Jalisco, Mex- ico.—Hrdli¢ka in Am. Anthr., v, 425, 1903. Santa Rosa (Saint Rose). A Papago village s. of the Rio Gila and w. of Tucson, Ariz. It contained 120 inhabi- tants in 1858, 160 families under Chief Anastasio in 1865, and about 400 people in 1869 (see Ind. Aff. Reps. for dates given, also Taylor in Cal. Farmer, June 19, 1863; Browne, Apache Country, 291, 1869). The adjacent mountain of Santa Rosa is a sacred place in Pima and Pa- pago mythology. Santa Rosa. A name applied by Fray Francisco Garcés, in 1771, to a group of Quigyuma (‘‘Jalliquamay’’) rancherias on the r. side of the lower Rio Colorado, about lat. 32° 18’, in n. w. Sonora, Mex- ico. When he revisited the place in 1775 the settlements were abandoned, the Quigyuma having moved to the w. side of the river in Lower California.—Garcés, Diary (1775), 182, 1900. Santa Rosa. A former Cora pueblo and a visita of the mission of Peyotan, near the w. bank of the Rio San Pedro, lat. 22° 457, Jalisco, Mexico (Orozco y Berra, Geog., 280, 1864). The place now consists of a few houses occupied by Mexicans. Santa Rosa. A small Kawia settlement on a reservation of unsurveyed, unpat- ented land under the San Jacinto agency, in Riverside co.,s. Cal. The reservation contained 77 inhabitants in 1909. Santa Rosa. A Cora settlement on the upper waters of the Rio Jesus Maria, in the n. part of the territory of Tepic, Mex- ico.—Lumholtz, Unknown Mex., un, 16, map, 1902. Santa Rosalia Mulege. A former Indian settlement and Spanish mission on the E. shore of Lower California, half a league from Mulege r., lat. 26°55’. The mission was founded in 1705 by Padre Juan M. Basualda, and in 1745, accord- ing to Venegas (Hist. Cal., m, 197-198, 1759), had two visitas, Santisima Trini- dad and San Marcos. The old settle- ment was abandoned in 1815 by the few remaining inhabitants on account of the establishment there of a depot for exiles from Sonora and Sinaloa. See Venegas, Hist. Cal., 1, 381; 1, 197, 1759. Carmaane Galexa.—Doc. Hist. Mex., 4th s., v, 186, 1857 (after early document). Molejé.—Duflot de Mofras, Expl., 1,219, 228, 238,1844. Mulege.—Vene- SANTA RITA—SANTEE {B. A.B. gas, Hist. Cal., 1, 335, 175$. Santa Rosalia de Mo- leje-—Taylor in Browne, Res. Pac. Slope, app., 49, 1869. S. Rosalia di Mulegé.—Clavigero, Storia della Cal., 11, 185, 1789. Santa Teresa. The northernmost Cora pueblo and formerly the seat of a mission; situated in the Sierra de Nayarit, in the Nn. part of the territory of Tepic, Mexico. Quemalusi.—Lumholtz, Unknown Mex., 1, 489, 1902 (native name, after a mythical personage). Santa Teresa.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 280, 1864. Santa Ynéz. See Santa Inés. Santee (Jsaviyati, from isan ‘knife,’ contraction of isafta-mde ‘knife lake,’ Dakota name for Mille Lacs, and ati, ‘to pitch tents at’). An eastern division of the Dakota, comprising the Mdewakanton and Wahpekute, sometimes also the Sis- seton and Wahpeton. Hennepin (1680), who probably included only the Mde- wakanton, says (Descr. La., Shea’s trans., 203, 1880): ‘‘ In the neighborhood of L. Buade are many other lakes, whence issue several rivers, on the banks of which live the Issati, Nadouessans, Tinthonha (which means prairie-men), Ouadeba- thon River People, Chongaskethon Dog, or Wolf tribe (for chonga among these nations means dog or wolf), and other tribes, all which we comprise under the name Nadouessiou [Sioux].’”’ In Le Sueur’s list (1700) the Issati are omitted and the Mdewakanton ( written Mendeou- cantons) inserted, for the first time. The name Santee was applied by the Mis- sourl River Dakota to all those of the group living on Mississippi and lower Minnesota rs., the Mdewakanton, Wah- pekute, Wahpeton, and Sisseton. Ram- sey (Rep. Ind. Aff. for 1849, 74, 1850) and Riggs limit the use of the term to desig- nate the Mdewakanton. McGee (15th Rep. B. A. E., 160, 1897) includes only the Wahpekute, which has been the usual application of the term since 1862, when the two tribes were gathered on the Santee res. in Knox co., Neb. Reyata is mentioned asa band and Ptansinta as a village of the Santee. The tribes forming this group joined under the collective name in the follow- ing treaties with the United States: Prairie du Chien, Wis., July 15, 1830; St Louis, Mo., Oct. 13, 1830; Bellevue, Neb., Oct. 15, 1836; Washington, D. C., Feb. 19, 1867; Fort Laramie, Wyo., Apr. 29, 1868. See Dakota, and the Santee divisions above given. Dacotas of the St, Peter’s.—Warren, Dacota Coun- try, 17, 1856. Eastern Sioux.—Jefferys, French Dom. Amer., pt. 1, 45, 1761. Esanties.—Riggs, Dakota Gram. and Dict., 92, 1852. E, Scihous,— Coxe, Carolana, map, 1741. Es-sah’-ah-ter.—Ram- sey in Ind. Aff. Rep. for 1849, 78, 1850 (pronun- ciation). Esson,—Ibid. MHizantinton.—Jefferys (1763), Am. Atlas, map 5,1776. IsanatiimRamsey, loc. cit. (trans. ‘people of the knife’). Isanti.— Neill, Hist. Minn., 51, 1858. Isantie Dakotas,— Hayden, Ethnog. and Philol. Mo. Val., map, 1862. Isanties.—Riggs, Dakota Gram. and Dict., 92, 1852. I-san’-tis,—Hayden, op. cit., 371. Isanti- ton.—De I’Isle (1700), map of La., in Neill, Hist. BULL. 30] a Minn., 164, 1858. Isanyate.—Seymour, Sketches Minn., 17,1850, Isanyati.—Williamson in School- craft, Ind. Tribes, I, 248, 1851. Isatis.—Barcia, Ensayo, 238, 1723. Isaunties.—Morgan in N. Am. Rey., 44, Jan. 1870. Issantii—Seymour, op. cit., 152. Issaquii—La Chesnaye (1697) in Margry, Déc., VI, 6, 1886. Issaquy.—Ibid. Issati.—Hen- nepin, New Discov., 174, 1698. Issatie.—Bowles, Map Am., 1784. Issatrians.—Hennepin, op. cit., 99. I-tsa’-ti.—Matthews, Ethnog. Hidatsa, 161, 1877 (Hidatsa name). Izatys.—Du Lhut (1678) in Margry, Déc., v1, 22, 1886. Lower Sioux.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 52, 1858. Nad8esseronons sédentaires,— Tailhan in Perrot, Mém., 340, note, 1864. Nation du boeuf.—Minn. Hist. Soe. Coll., 11, pt. 2, 31, note, 1864. Santas.—Parker, Jour., 45,1842. Santees,— Ind. Aff. Rep., 554, 1837. Santee Sioux.—Poole, Among Sioux, 31, 1881. Santie.—Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep. for 1849, 86, 1850. Santie bands,— U. S. Stat. at Large, Iv, 464, 1860. Santie Sioux.—H. R. Doc. 57, 25th Cong., 2d sess., 2, 1837. Saux of the Wood.—Trumbull, Ind. Wars, 185, 1851. Scioux of the East.—Le Sueur (1700) quoted by Neill, Hist. Minn.,170,1858. Sciouxof the Woods, — Chauvignerie (1736) quoted by Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 557, 1853. Sedentary Nadouesserons.— Minn. Hist. Soe. Coll., 0, pt. 2, 31, note, 1864. Sioux de L’Est,—Le Sueur (1700) in Margry, Déc., VI, 78, 1886. Sioux of the River.—Seymour, Sketches Minn., 135, 1850. Sioux of the Woods.—Smith, Bouquet Exped., 70, 1766. Sioux orientaux.—Per- rot, Mémoire, 232, notes, 1864. Sioux sédentaires,— Ibid. Siouxs of the River St. Peter’s.—Treaty of 1815 in U. S. Ind. Treat., 869, 1873. Upper Da- kotas.—Ramsey in Minn. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1, 49, 1872. _ Santee. A tribe, probably Siouan, for- merly residing on middle Santeer., 8. C., where Lawson in 1700 found their plan- tations extending for many miles. One of their villages was called Hickerau. While friendly to the white people, they were at war with the coast tribes. Ac- cording to Rivers (Hist. 8. C., 94, 1874), they had two villages with 43 warriors in 1715, and were then settled 70 m. Nn. of Charleston. Bartram (Tray., 54, 1791) tells us that in 1715 they sided with the Yamasee against the British, and that they were attacked and reduced by the Creeks, who were allies of the British. It appears from South Carolina colonial documents that the Santee and Congeree were cut off by the ‘“‘Itwans and Cossaboys,’’ coast tribes in the English interest, and the prisoners sold as slaves in the West Indies in 1716. Those that escaped were probably incorporated with the Catawba. Lawson states that their chief was an absolute ruler with power of life and death over his tribe, an in- stance of despotism very rare among Indians. Their distinguished dead were buried on the tops of mounds, built low or high according to the rank of the deceased, with ridge roofs supported by poles over the graves to shelter them from the weather. On these poles were hung rattles, feathers, and other offerings from the relatives of the deceased. The corpse of an ordinary person was care- fully dressed, wrapped in bark, and ex- posed on a platform for several days, dur- ing which time one of hisnearest kinsmen, with face blackened in token of grief, stood guard near the spot and chanted a SANTEE—SANTISIMO NOMBRE DE MARTA 461 mournfuleulogy ofthedead. Theground around the platform was kept carefully swept, andall the dead man’s belongings— gun, bow, and feather robes—were placed near by. As soon as the flesh had soft- ened it was stripped from the bones and burned, and the bones themselves were cleaned, the skull being wrapped sepa- rately in a cloth woven of opossum hair. The bones were then put into a box, from which they were taken out annually to be again cleaned and oiled. In this way some families had in their possession the bones of their ancestors for several gen- erations. Places where warriors had been killed were sometimes distinguished by piles of stones or sticks, to which every passing Indian added another. After the manner of the Cherokee and other Southern tribes the Santee kept corn in storehouses raised on posts and plastered with clay. They made beautiful feather robes and wove cloth and sashes of hair. Consult Lawson, Hist. Carolina, repr. 1860; Mooney, Siouan Tribes of the East, 80, 1894. (gs. M. ) Santee.—Lawson (1700), Hist. Carolina, 34, 1860. Seratees,—Mills, Stat. S. C., 735, 1826. Seretee,— Lawson (1700), op. cit., 45. Zantees.—Howe in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, Iv, 155, 1854. San Teodoro (SaintTheodore). A name applied by Méziéres, in 1778, to one of two Tawehash villages visited by him on upper Red r., Texas.—Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 1, 649, 663, 1886. Santiago (SaintJames). ATiguapueblo in New Mexico in 1626 (Zdrate-Salmerén, ca. 1629, cited by Bancroft, Nat. Races, 1, 600, 1882). According to Bandelier (Arch. Inst. Papers, 1v, 227, 1892) it was situated about 53 m. above Bernalillo, on the Mesa del Cangelon. Santiam. A Kalapooian tribe formerly residing on the river of the same name, an §. tributary of the Willamette, in Oregon. They arenowon Grande Ronde res., where they numbered 23 in 1906. In 1909 the number officially reported wa only 5, the remainder evidently having received patents for their lands and become citizens. In 1877 Gatschet was able to learn of 4 bands, Chamifu, Chan- champenau, Chanchantu, and Chantkaip, which had formerly existed in the tribe. Ahdlpam.—Gatschet, Atfalati MS., B. A. E., 1877 (Atfalati name). Santaims.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 469, 1865. Santainas.—Taylorin Sen. Ex. Doc. 4, 40th Cong., spec. sess., 27, 1867. Santiam.—Dayton treaty, 1855, in U.S.Ind. Treat.,18,1873. Santian.— Ind. Aff. Rep., 205, 1851. Sautains.—Ind, Aff., Rep. 1864, 503, 1865. Tsan halpam amim,—Gatschet Lakmiut MS., B. A. E., 1877 (Lakmiut name). Santisima Trinidad (Most Holy Trinity). A Cochimi village and visita of Santa Ro- salia Mulege mission in 1745, situated 6 leagues s. sE. therefrom, lat. 26° 55/, Lower California.—Venegas, Hist. Cal., 11, 198, 1759. Santisimo Nombre de Maria (Most Holy Name of Mary). A Franciscan mission 462 founded among the Caddo by Padre Fran- cisco de Jesus Maria in 1690, on Arcangel San Miguel r. (the Rio Neches), afew miles N.E. of the mission of San Francisco de los Tejas, in the present Texas. After San Francisco had been abandoned this mission was not heard of again.—Austin in Tex. Hist. Asso. Quar., vit, 281, 1905. Santo Domingo (Saint Dominic, also Holy Sabbath). A Keresan pueblo on the &. bank of the Rio Grande, about 18 m. above Bernalillo, N. central N. Mex. The earliest traditions of the pueblo locate it at the Potrero de la Cafiada Quemada, whence the inhabitants in prehistoric times removed successively to two vil- lages, each named Gipuy (q. v.), the later one of which they occupied when visited by Ofiate in 1598. The earlier Gipuy stood on the banks of the Arroyo de Galisteo, more than a mile k. of the pres- ent station of Thornton, but was partially destroyed by a rise of that dangerous torrent in one night, the inhabitants be- ing compelled to move farther westward, where the second Gipuy was built. This pueblo, also destroyed by a flood, was succeeded by Huashpatzena, on the Rio Grande, which suffered the fate of its pre- decessors. The present Santo Domingo, the aboriginal name of which is Kiua, has had three disasters from flood since its establishment 200 years ago, the latest occurring in 1886 when both churches were destroyed. The first Gipuy is the only pueblo of the Santo Domingo Indians E. of the Rio Grande of which any trace remains. At the time of Ofiate’s visit in 1598 Santo Domingo was chosen as the ‘‘monastery of the advocation of Nuestra Sefiora de la Asuncién”’ (Doe. Inéd, xv1, 254, 1871). It also became the seat of a mission early in the 17th century, and after 1782 had San Felipe and Cochiti as its visitas. According to Bandelier 18 clans are represented in this pueblo, Pop. 819 in 1910. Consult Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, 111, 260, 1890; Iv, 184 et seq., 1892. See also Keresan Family, Pueblos. (F. W. H.) Dji’/wi.—Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (Laguna name). Domingo.—Vaugondy, Map Amérique, 1778. Dyi/-wa.—Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (Cochiti name). Ge-e-way.—Simpson in Rep. Sec. War, 148, 1850. Ge-e-wé.—Simpson (1850) quoted in Wheeler Sury. Rep., vil, 418, 1879 (old name). Ki-hua.—Jouvenceau in Cath. Pion., I, no. 9, 12, 1906. Kin Klékaéi Ni.—Curtis, Am. Ind., I, 188, 1907 (‘ white houses’: Navahoname). Ki’-o- a-me.—Whipple, Pac. R. R. Rep., II, pt. 3, 90, 1856 (or Ki’-wo-mi; name by which they call them- selves). Ki’-o-wummi.—Ibid., 9 (given as tribal name; incorrectly identified with Tiguex). Ki- ua.—Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, 111, 260, 1890 (aboriginal name of pueblo). Kivome.—Pi- mentel cited by Cubas, Repub. Mexico, 65, 1876 (Kiwomior). Ki/-wa.—Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (San Felipe form). Ki’-wo-mi.—Whipple, Pac. R. R. Rep., 11, pt. 8, 90, 1856 (or Ki’/-o-a-me; ownname). Saint Domingo.—M6llhausen, Pacific, I, 331, 1858. San Domingan.—Wallace, Land of the Pueblos, 55, 1888 (applied to the language). San Domingo.—Miihlenpfordt, Mejico, 11, 533, 1844. SANTO DOMINGO—SANTSUKHDHIN [B. A. BL Santa Dominga.—Calhoun in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 11, 633, 1858. Santa Domingo.—Abert in Emory, Recon., 484, 1848 (misprint). Santo De- mingo.—Vetancurt (1696) cited by Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, Iv, 168, 1892 (misprint). Santo Domingo.—Sosa (1590) in Doe. Inéd., xv, 253, 1871; Ofiate (1598), ibid., Xv1, 102 et seq., 1871 (“just as likely to have been the former pueblo of San Felipe as Guipuy or old Santo Domingo.’”’—Ban- delier in Arch. Inst. Papers, Iv, 123, 1892). St Do- mingo.—Kitchin, Map N. A., 1787. Sto Dom. de Cochiti—Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 281, 1889 (said to be so called after 1782; distinet from Co- chiti, however). Sto. Domingo.—Rivera, Diario, leg. 784, 1736. Sto. Domingo de Cuevas.—Escudero, Not. Estad. de Chihuahua, 180, 1834. Ta/-wi-gi,— Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (Jemez name; Pecos form Ta-wi’-gi). Te’-wi-gi.—Ibid. (Tewa name, said tomean ‘puebloplace’). Tihua.—Ban- delier, Gilded Man, 216, 1893 (misprint 7 for K). Ti’wi.—Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (Acoma name). Tu-a-wi-hol.—Gibbs, MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1868 (Isleta name for pueblo). Tu/-iai.—Gatschet Isleta MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1885 (Isleta name of pueblo). Tuwi/-ai.—Ibid. (Isleta name of pue- blo). Tuwii—Stephen in 8th Rep. B. A. E., 30, 1891 (Hopi name of pueblo). Tuwita.—Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (‘haliotis place’: Taos name). Tu-witsha’.—Ibid. (Picuris name). Ti- wixuide,—Gatschet, Isleta MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1885 (pl. Tiitwiyxun: Isleta name for the people). T’ wi/wi.—Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (Santa Ananame). You-pel-lay.—Wallace, Land of the Pueblos, 56, 1888 (erroneously so called from one of their dances). Santos Angeles (Holy Angels). Men- tioned as a Pima pueblo of Sonora, Mex- ico, by Orozco y Berra (Geog., 347, 1864). Definite locality unknown. Santotin. A division of the Tenan- kutchin, occupying the territory about a lake on White r., Alaska, and westward, extending down Tanana r. to a point nearly opposite the head of Forty Mile er. Mantotin.—Allen, Rep. on Alaska, 137, 1887. San- to-tin.—Dawson in Rep. Geol. Sury. Can., n.8., III, 2038, 1889. ; Santo Tomds (Saint Thomas). A Do- minican mission established in 1790 in the n. part of Lower California, lat. 31° 40’, near Todos Santos bay. Its inhabit- ants, sometimes called San Tomasefios, were visited in Apr. 1867 by Dr Wm. M. Gabb, who found their language to be a dialect of Diegueflo or Comeya, closely related to Htaam and Kiliwi. Santo Tomas,—Taylor in Browne, Res, Pac. Slope, app., 51, 1869. Santo Tomas. A settlement of the Jova on the upper waters of Papigochic r., 4 m.s. of Metachic, in w. Chihuahua, Mex- ico.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 345, 1864. Santsukhdhin (‘campers in the highland grove’). Oneofthe three larger divisions of the Osage, commonly known as the Arkansas band. Originally a part of the Grand Osage, or Pahatsi, living succes- sively on Sac r., and on Little Osage r. in Vernon co., Mo., they were induced by the trader Choteau, about 1802, to se- cede from the main body under White Hair and remove to the Arkansas r., Manuel Lisa, another trader, having ob- tained a monopoly of the Missouri traffic from the Spanish authorities. At the time named Clermont and Casesagra were their principal men. In 1810 their vil- BULL. 30] lage was on the Verdigris branch of the Arkansas, 60 m. above its mouth, in the present Oklahoma; in 1820 they were at the mouth of the river, then numbering 600. When met by De Smet in 1850 their number was reported at 700. Arkansa band.—McGee in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 162, 1897. Arkansaw band,—Lewis and Clark Exped., I,8,1814. Arkansaw Osages.—Pike, Trav., 430, 1811. Big Track.—Schermerhorn (1812) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 2d s., 11, 31, 1814 (name of a chief). Chamers.—Balbi, Atlas Ethnog., 56, 1826. Chan- cers.—Long, Exped. Rocky Mts., 111, 274, repr. 1905 (misprint). Chaneers.—Long, Exped. Rocky Mts., 11, 244, 1823. Chaniers band.—Brackenridge, Views La., 293,1815. Chéniers.—De Smet, W. Miss., 55,1856. Clamore.—Keane inStanford, Compend., 470, 1878 (name of chief). Clermont’s band.— Long, Exped. Rocky Mts., Thwaite’s ed., XVI, 280, 1905. Clermo’s band.—Long, Exped. Rocky Mts., 11, 244, 1823. Osage des Chenes.—Long, ibid., 237. Osages of the Oaks.—Ibid. Santsé’pasw’.— Dorsey, Osage MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1883 (their ancient village: ‘ point of a timbered highland’). Ret io ae after Dorsey, in 15th Rep. i . A. E., 162, 1897. Sanze-Ougrin—De Smet, oc. cit, Sanukh (Sinux). A former Tonkawa clan or band (Gatschet, Tonkawe MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884). Possibly the Sana or Zana of mission archives. Sanup. See Sannup. San Xavier del Bac (the Jesuit mission name, combined with the Piman bak, vak, vdaki, its native designation, signifying ‘house,’ ‘adobe house,’ also ‘ruined house,’ ‘ruin’: probably given because of the remains of ancient adobe structures in thevicinity). A formerimportant Sobai- puri rancheria on Rio SantaCruz, 9m. s. of Tucson, Ariz., in the N. E. corner of what is now the Papago res. It was first vis- ited and the Saint name applied in 1692 by Father Kino, a celebrated Jesuit, who next visited it perhaps in 1694, again in 1697 (at which date it numbered 830 per- sons in 176 houses), and many times there- after. In1700 he founded achurch, built of light porous stone, the construction of which was possibly begun in the previous year. In its earlier years the mission flourished under the Jesuits, of whom 22 served San Xavier until 1767, when they were succeeded by Franciscans. In 1751- 53, during a revolt of the Pima, the mis- sion was plundered and abandoned, but was reoccupied two years later under the protection of the presidio of Tubac. tween 1760 and 1764 it contained 400 in- habitants—less than half its population 60 years before—and these had dwindled to 270 by 1772. When Fray Francisco Garcés, its first Franciscan missionary, took charge in 1768 he found the mission in a neglected state, but it again began to flourish on the establishment of the pre- sidio of Tucson in 1776. In1783 the erec- tion of a new church of plastered brick, commodious and of architectural merit, was begun by Padre Baltasar Cavillo near the site of that built by Kino, and was brought to its present state of complete- ness by Padre Narciso Gutierres in 1797— SANUKH—SANYAKOAN Be-, 463 a date still legible over the portal. The remains of these priests are buried in the church. In 1810 San Xavier again began to decline, and came to an end as an independent mission with the ex- pulsion of the Franciscans on the fall of the Colonial government, Dec. 2, 1827, from which time it struggled along as a visita of Magdalena, Sonora, until 1859, when Arizona was segregated ecclesi- astically from the diocese of Santa Fé, N. Mex. In 1852 Bartlett described it as ‘‘truly a miserable place, consisting of from 80 to 100 huts, or wigwams, made of mud or straw,”’ but ‘‘in the midst of these hovels stands the most beautiful church in the State of Sonora.’’ In 1865 the pop- ulation was 80 Papago families. In the preceding year a school was established at San Xavier by the Catholic Church; this contained 125 day pupilsin 1908. In 1873 a Government school was begun, but was closed in 1876 when the Papago were consolidated under the Pima agency. It is now a scattered but large and flourish- ing Papagosettlement. There arenumer- ous adobe houses, and the Indians are advancing toward civilization. The peo- ple are under the supervision of a white farmer, who acts as subagent. A num- ber of the San Xavier Papago within re- cent years have settled in the outskirts of Tucson. Consult Bartlett, Pers. Narr., 11, 185, 1854; Rudo Ensayo (ca. 1763), 1863; Salpointe, Brief Sketch, 1880; Ban- croft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 1889; Coues, Garcés Diary, 1900; Curtis, N. Am. Ind., 11, 1908. (F. W. H.) Bac.—Bernal (1697) quoted by Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 356, 1889. Batosda.—Ibid. (or S. Javier). San Javier del Bac.—Bancroft, ibid., 362. San Xabier del Bac.—Rudo Ensayo (ca. 1763), 106, 1863. San Xavier de Baca.—Hardy, Travels, 421, 1829. San Xavier del Bac.—Garcés (1775), Diary, 64, 1900. San Xavier de Zac.—Poston in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1864, 154, 1865. San Zavier de Bac.—Donaldson, Moqui Pueblo Inds., 3, 1898. §S. Cayetano de Bac.— Writer of 1754 quoted by Bancroft, No. Mex. States, I, 270, 1884 (confused with Tumacacori). S. Francisco Xavier de Bac.—Venegas, Hist. Cal., I, map, 1759. §. Javier.—Bernal (1697), op. cit. 8. JavierBac.—Kino, map (1701),in Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 360, 1889. 8, Javier del Bacel.— Escudero, Not. Chihuahua, 228, 1834. §, Xaver du Bac.—Kino, map (1702), in Stécklein, Neue Welt-Bott, 74, 1726. &. Xavier.—Font, map (1777), in Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 393, 1889. S. Xavier del Bac.—Villa-Sefior, Theatro Am., 11, 403, 1748. Sanyakoan. A Tlingit tribe formerly in- habiting a town named Gash, at C. Fox, Alaska, and often confused with the neigh- boring Tongas. Pop. 177 in 1839. In the census of 1880 they are erroneously placed on Prince of Wales id., and are given a population of 100. Their social divisions are Nehadi and Tekoedi. (322Ri5;) Cape Fox Indians.—Kane, Wand. in N. A., app., 1859. Lugh-se-le.—Ibid. Lukhselee.—Petroff in Tenth Census, Alaska, 37, 1884 (after a Hudson’s Bay Co. census of 1889). Sanakhanskoe.—Venia- minoff, Zapiski, 11, pt. 111, 30,1840. Sa/nak-oan.— Boas, 10th Rep. on N. W. Tribes of Can., 34, 1895. S'a/nya koan.—Swanton, field notes, B. A. E., 1904. Ssangha-kon,—Krause, Tlinkit Ind., 120, 1885. 464 Saoue (probably the same as Sanona). A division of the Teton Sioux, comprising the Sans Arcs, Sihasapa, Oohenonpa, and sometimes the Hunkpapa, first mentioned by Lewis and Clark, and under the form Souon-Teton in Clark’s MS., where they are called ‘‘people of the prairie’’ and made one of the 12 tribes of the Dakota, while the Souon are another. Riggs in- formed Dorsey that the name ‘‘Sanoni- wicasa’’ was used as a nickname, and wrote (Word Carrier, 14, June-July, 1889) that the Brulés and Oglala formerly ap- plied it to the Sans Arcs, Miniconjou, and Hunkpapa. Lewis and Clark did not in- clude the Miniconjou, but included the rest of the Teton found along Missouri r. except the Brulés and Oglala, and esti- mated them at 300 men, or 900 souls— three-tenths of the whole. There was a Sangona, or Sahown, band of the Hunk- patina, with which they have been con- fused (see Coues in Lewis and Clark Exped., 1, 101, note, 1897). The Hunk- papa were probably not counted as Saone proper by Lewis, for in his table (Discov., 34, 1806) he distinguishes from these the Saone Hunkpapa. The Saone, under the name Sioune, joined the Oglala in the treaty with the United States at the mouth of Teton r., 8S. Dak., July 5, 1825. Asthe “‘Siounes of the Fire-hearts band”’ are mentioned and the Hunkpapa are not, it is probable the latter were not included under the term Sioune. Sahohes.—McKenney and Hall, Ind. Tribes, 111, 81, 1854. Sa-hone.—Brackenridge, Views La., 78, 1815. Sah-o-ne.—Lewis and Clark, Discoy., 34, 1806. Sahonies,x—Bradbury, Trav., 90, 1817. Saones.—Sen. Ex. Doc. 90, 22d Cong., Ist sess., 63, 1832. Saoynes.—De Smet, Letters, 37, note, 1843. Sawons.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 471, 1838. Scione Sioux.— H.R. Ex. Doc. 2, 18th Cong., 1st sess., 68, 1823. See- oo-nay.—Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 69, 1850 (pronunciation). Sioane.—Ramsey, ibid., 84. Siones,—H. R. Ex. Doc. 117, 19th Cong., Ist sess., 6, 1826. Sionne.—Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 85, 1850. Sioune.—Treaty of 1825 in U. S. Ind. Treat., 339, 1826. Siouones.—Sen. Ex. Doc. 56, 18th Cong., Ist sess., 9, 1824. Siowes.—Parker quoted by M’Vickar, Hist. Exped. Lewisand Clark, I, 86, note, 1842. Souon.—Clark, MS., codex B, Amer. Philos. Soc., 57. Souon-Teton.—Ibid. Sowans.— Ind. Aff. Rep., 59, 1842. Tetans Saone.—Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 85,1850. Te’-ton-sah-o-ne’.— Lewis and Clark, Discov., 30, 1806. Teton Saone.— Ibid.,34. Tetons Sahone.—Lewis, Tray., 171, 1809. Tetons Saone.—Lewis and Clark Exped., I, 61, 1814. Saone Hunkpapa. papa Sioux. Sah-o-ne-hont-a-par-par.—Lewis and Clark, Dis- coy., table, 34, 1806. Sanoni-Hunkpapa.—Riggs in Word Carrier, 14, June-July, 1889. Saopuk (S‘dopiik, ‘many trees’). A Pima village at The Cottonwoods, on Gila r., s. Ariz. S‘a’opuk.—Russell in 26th Rep. B. A. E., 23, 1908. Saufpak.—ten Kate quoted by Gatschet, MS., B. A. E., XX, 199, 1888 (trans. ‘cottonwoods’ ). Sapa Chitto (Osapa chitto, ‘big corn field’). A former large Choctaw settle- ment about Dixon, Neshoba co., Miss.— Halbert in Pub. Miss. Hist. Soc., v1, 482, 1902, A part of the Hunk- SAONE—SAPONTI [B. A. B. Sapala. A mission village, perhaps-on Sapelo id., coast of Georgia, which was one of those revolting against the Span- iards of Florida in 1687.—Barcia, Ensayo, 287, 1723. Sapaquonil. A Chumashan village for- merly on Jimeno’s rancho, Ventura co., Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, May 4, 1860. Sapaywis. A former Salinan village connected with San Antonio mission, Monterey co., Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Far- mer, Apr. 27, 1860. Sapechichic (‘place of bats’). A small rancheria of the Tarahumare, not far from Norogachic, Chihuahua, Mexico.—Lum- holtz, inf’n, 1894, Sapeessa. A former Choctaw town on the n. side of Black Water er., Kemper co., Miss., apparently about midway be- tween Shomotakali and the branch emp- tying into Black Water known as Mineral Spring branch. Its exact location has not been identified.—Halbert in Pub. Miss. Hist. Soc., vr, 416, 1902. Sapa-Pesah.—Romans, Florida, 309, 1775. Sapees- sa.—West Florida map, ca. 1775. Sapelek. A Chumashan village for- merly near Santa Inés mission, Santa Barbara co., Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, May 4, 1860. Sapohanikan (Delaware: Awésopodkdni- chan, ‘over against the pipe-making place,’ i. e., Hoboken, a remnant of the native name Hopodkinhiking, ‘at the tobacco- pipe land’). Hoboken was the outlet for peltries collected in the interior by the Indians, who took them in their canoes directly across the river and landed with them in a cove north of ‘‘Sapokanichan Point,’’ near the present Gansevoort st., New York city. The adjoining land was not the site of an Indian village. Van Twiller purchased a tract in the vicinity and established on it a tobacco plantation, with buildings inclosed in a stockade, and called his Dutch settlement ‘‘Sapokani- kan.’’ See Ruttenber, Ind. Geog. Names, 17, 1906. (w. R. G.) Sapohanikan,—Hall (1639) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., XIv, 19, 1883. Sapokanikan.—Van Tienhoven (1641), ibid., 35. Saponickan.—Ibid., 27. Sappo- kanican.—Deed of 1640, ibid. Saponi. One of the eastern Siouan tribes, formerly living in North Carolina and Virginia, but now extinct. The tribal name was occasionally applied to the whole group of Ft Christanna tribes, also occasionally includedunder Tutelo. That this tribe belonged to the Siouan stock has been placed beyond doubt by the investi- gations of Hale and Mooney. Their lan- guage appears to have been the same as the Tutelo to the extent that the people of the two tribes could readily understand each other. Mooney has shown that the few Saponi words recorded are Siouan. Lederer mentions a war in which the Saponi seem to have been engaged with the Virginia settlers as early as 1654-56, BULL. 30] the time of the attack by the Cherokee, probably in alliance with them. The first positive notice is by Lederer (1670), who informs us that he stopped a few days at Sapon, a town of the Tutelo con- federacy, situated on a tributary of the upper Roanoke. This village was ap- parently on Otter r., s. w. of Lynch- burg, Va. Pintahae is mentioned also as another of their villages near by. It is evident that the Saponi and Tutelo were living at that time in close and apparently confederated relation. In 1671 they were visited by Thomas Batts and others ac- companied by two Indian guides. After traveling nearly due w. from the mouth of the Appomattox about 140 m., they came to Sapong, or Saponys, town. Hay- ing been harassed by the Iroquois in this locality, the Saponi and Tutelo at a later date removed to the junction of Staunton and Dan rs., where they settled near the Occaneechi, each tribe occupying an island in the Roanoke in what is now Mecklenburg co., Va. Lawson, who vis- ited these Indians in 1701, found them dwelling on Yadkin r., N. C., near the present site of Salisbury, having removed to thes. to escape the attacks of their ene- mies. Byrd (1729) remarks: ‘‘They dwelt formerly not far below the mountains, upon Yadkin r., about 200 miles west and by south from the falls of Roanoak. But about 25 years ago they took refuge in Virginia, being no longer in condition to make head not only against the north- ern Indians, who are their implacable enemies, but also against most of those to the south. All the nations round about, bearing in mind the havock these Indians used formerly to make among their ancestors in the insolence of their power, did at length avenge it home upon them, and made them glad to apply to this Government for protection.”’ Soon after Lawson’s visit in 1701 the Saponi and Tutelo left their villages on the Yadkin and moved in toward the settlements, being joined on the way by the Occaneechi and their allied tribes. Together they crossed the Roanoke, evi- dently before the Tuscarora war of 1711, and made a new settlement, called Sapona Town, a short distance £. of that river and 15 m. w. of the present Windsor, Bertie co., N. C. Soon after this they and other allied tribes were located by Goy. Spotswood near Ft Christanna, 10 m. N. of Roanoke r., about the present Gholsonville, Brunswick co., Va. The name of Sappony cr., in Dinwiddie co., dating back at least to 1733, indicates that they sometimes extended their excursions n. of Nottoway r. Their abode here was not one of quiet, as they were at war with neighboring tribes or their old enemies, the Iroquois. By the treaty at Albany 3456°—Bull. 30, pt. 2—07——30 SAPPONET—SARACACHI 465 (1722) peace was declared between the northern Indians and the Virginia and Carolina tribes, the Blue Ridge and the Potomac being the boundary line. Proba- bly about 1740 the Saponi and Tutelo went N., stopping for a time at Shamokin, in Pennsylvania, about the site of Sun- bury, where they and other Indians were visited by the missionary David Brainard in 1745. In 1753 the Cayuga formally adopted the Saponi and Tutelo, who thus became a part of the Six Nations, though all had not then removed to New York. In 1765 the Saponi are mentioned as haying 30 warriors living at Tioga, about Sayre, Pa., and other villages on the northern branches of the Susquehanna. A part remained here until 1778, but in 1771 the principal por- tion had their village in the territory of the Cayuga, about 2 m. s. of what is now Ithaca, N. Y. When the Tutelo fled to Canada, soon after 1779, they parted with the Saponi (Hale was informed by the last of the Tutelo) at Niagara, but what became of them afterward is not known. It appears, however, from a treaty made with the Cayuga at Albany in 1780 that a remnant was still living with this tribe on Seneca r. in Seneca co., N. Y., after which they disappear from history. Con- sult Mooney, Siouan Tribes of the East, Bull. B. A. E., 1894; Bushnell in Am. Anthr., rx, 45-46, 1907, and the authori- ties cited below. (J. M:,) Paanese.—Cayuga treaty, Albany, 1789, quoted by Hall, N. W. States, 70, 1849. Sapenys.—Batts, Jour. (1671), in Am. Anthr., 1x, 47, 1907. Sapiny.— Ibid., 46. Sapon.—Lederer, Discoy., 2, map, 1672. Sapona.—Martin, N. Car., I, 258, 1829. Saponas.—Lawson (1701), Hist. Car., &2, 1860. Saponees.—Knight (1712) in N. Car. Rec., 1, 866, 1886. Sapones.—Croghan, Jour. (1765), 36, 1831. Saponeys.—Johnson (1763) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., vil, 582, 1856. Sapongs.—Batts (1671), ibid., II, 194, 1853. Saponi.—Byrd (1728), Hist. Divid- ing Line, I, 75, 1866. Saponie. — Spotswood (1711) quoted by Burk, Virginia, 111, 89, 1805. Saponys.—Batts, Jour. (1671), in Am. Anthr., 1x, 47,1907. Sapoonies.—Hutchins (1768) in Jefferson, Notes, 142, 1825. Sappona.—Pollock (1712) in N. Car. Rec., 1, 884, 1886. Sapponces.—Albany conf. (1717) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., v, 490,1855. Sap- ponees.—N. Car. council (1727) in N. Car. Rec., 0, 674, 1886. Sapponeys.—Doc. of 1709 in Va. State Papers, I, 181, 1875. Sapponi.—Burk, Hist. Vir- ginia, III, 17, 1805. Sapponie.—N. Car. Council (1726) in N. Car. Rec., 1, 643, 1886 (town). Sap- pony.—N. Car. Council (1727), ibid., 674. Saps.— Lawson (1701), Hist. Car., 89, 1860. Sapponet. A former village connected -with San Carlos mission, Cal., and said to have been Esselen. Sepponet.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 20, 1860. Saptuni (Saph‘-tu-u/-i). A former Chu- mashan village in the interior of Ventura co., Cal., at a place called El Conejo.— Henshaw, Buenaventura MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884. Saquerisera. See Sequareesere. Saracachi. A Eudeve pueblo of Sonora, Mexico, with 31 inhabitants in 1730; situated near the present Cucurpe. The 466 comisaria of Saracachi y Dolores, which contained 401 inhabitants in 1900, is the outgrowth of the former pueblo. Sacarachi.—Rivera (1730) quoted by Bancroft, No. Mex. States, I, 513, 1884. Saracatzi.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 344, 1864. Saracuam. One of the tribes enumer- ated by Massanet (Dictamen Fiscal, Noy. 30, 1716, MS.) as on the road from Coa- huilato the Texascountry. The affinities of the tribe are uncertain. Saraise. A former village, presumably Costanoan, connected with Dolores mis- sion, San Francisco, Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. Sarapinagh. A tribe or division living in 1608 on Nanticoke r., on the eastern shore of Maryland. It is probable that they were a part of the Nanticoke tribe. Sarapinagh.—Simons in Smith (1629), Va., I, 175, repr. 1819. Soraphanigh.—Purchas, Pilgrimes, Iv, 1713, 1626. Sarasota. Mentioned by Armistead (H. R. Doc. 247, 27th Cong., 2d sess., 14, 1842) as a Seminole settlement in Florida in 1841; pop. 30 or 40. Doubtless situ- ated at or near the site of the present town of that name in Manatee co. Saratoga (‘the place where ashes or alkaline substances float.’—Hewitt). Ac- cording to Macauley, the name of a Mo- hawk band (village ?) formerly occupy- ing the w. bank of the Hudson, about Saratoga and Stillwater, in Saratoga co., N.Y Oh-sa-ra-kas.—Macauley, N. Y., 11, 174, 1829. Sara- togas.—Bollan (1748) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1st 8., VI, 135, 1800. Saratoga. A kind of trunk. Bartlett (Dict. of Americanisms, 551, 1877) says: ‘*The enormoustrunkscarried by fashion- able ladies to Saratoga Springs have ob- tained for them the specific name of ‘Saratoga trunks,’ or Saratogas.’? From the place-name Saratoga (q. v.), a word of Iroquois origin. Another term from this region is ‘‘Saratoga chips’’—potatoes sliced thin and fried crisp in hot fat—so- called because they were first made pop- ular in the Saratoga hotels. (A. F. c.) Sarauahi. Apparently the name of two villages in N. 5. Florida in the 16th cen- tury. One marked on the De Bry map of 1591 as Sarrauahi (river) is described by Laudonniére in 1564 as on an inlet Nn. of St John r., and about 2 leagues from the French Ft Caroline on the s. bank of the river, near its mouth. This prob- ably belonged to the Saturiba tribe. The other, probably Calanay of the De Bry map, is described by Fontaneda, about 1575, as 50 or 60 leagues up St John r. and subject to Utina, the Timucua chief. Lau- donniére also notes ‘‘Calany’’ as subject to Utina. The printed synonym forms for both areinterchangeable. (s. M.) Azavay.—Fontaneda (ca. 1575) in Ternaux- Compans, Voy., XX, 35, 1841 (middle St John r.; misprint for Zaravay in same passage of Smith trans.). Calanay.—De Bry, map (1591), in Le Moyne Narr,, Appleton trans., 1857 (middle St SARACUAM—SARROPE [B. A. B. Johnr.;identical?). Calanio.—Barcia, Ensayo, 48, 1723 (identical?). Calany.—Laudonniére (1564) in French, Hist. Coll. La.,n. s., 243, 1869 (the Cala- any of De Bry map, and noted as subject to Utina). Saranay.—Fontaneda (ca. 1575) in French, Hist. Coll. La., 2d s., 11, 264, 1875 (middle St John r.), Sarauahi.—Laudonnieére (1564) quoted by Shipp, De Soto and Fla., 519, 1881 (N. of St John r.), Saraurahi.—Laudonnieére (1564) in French, Hist. Coll. La., n. s., 315, 1869 (N. of St Johnr.; misprint secondrforv). Saravay.—Fontaneda Memoir (ca. 1575), Smith trans., 25, 1854 (mentioned as on mid- dle St John and subject to Utina, chief of the Ti- mucua). Sarrauahi.—De Bry, map (1591), in Le Moyne Narr., Appleton trans., 1875 (river short distance N. of St John r.). Serranay.—Laudon- niére (1564) in French, Hist. Coll. La., n. s., 257, 1869 (identical?). Zaravay,—Fontaneda Me- moir (ca. 1575), Smith trans., 25, 1854. Sardlok. An Eskimo village on the w. coast of Greenland, lat. 64° 20/.— Nansen, Eskimo Life, 166, 1894. Sarfalik (‘place of guillemots’). An Ita Eskimo village near Smith sd., n. Greenland.—Heilprin, Peary Relief Ex- ped., 104, 1893. Serwadling.—Stein in Petermanns Mitt., 198, 1902. Severnik.—Kane, Arct. Explor., 1, 125, 1856. Sargarria. Mentioned asa New Mexico mission in 1742.—Mendoza et al. (1742-3) quoted by Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 244, 1889. Sargentaruka, A former village of the Rumsen division of the Costanoan family, 21m. &£. of Carmelo r., Cal. It is said to have been populous. Sargenta rucas,—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 20, 1860. Sargentarukas,—Ibid. Sirkhintaruk.—Kroe- ber, Costanoan MS., Univ. Cal., 1902 (Sirkhinta, name of place with locative ending -ta; rwk, ‘houses,’ ‘village’: said to have been the same as Kakontaruk, or Kakonkaruk, at Pt Sur, s. of Monterey). Saric. A rancheria, probably of the Papago, visited by Kino in 1694; the seat of a mission from about 1700 (Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 357, 1889). Situated on the w. bank of Rio Altar, in N. Sonora, Mexico. Nuestra Senora de los Dolores del Saric.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 347, 1864. Oacpuaguigua,—Quijano 1757) in Doc. Hist. Mex., 4th s., 1, 52, 1856, aric.—Kino (1699), ibid.,294. Sarie.—Box, Ad- ventures, 270, 1869. Sario.—Hardy, Travels, 422, 1829. Sarique.—Keler (1752) in Doc. Hist. Mex., 4th s., I, 26, 1856. Sarriii—Venegas, Hist. Cal., 1, 304, 1759. Sta, Gertrudis Saric.—Kino (1706) quoted by Bancroft, No. Mex. States, I, 501, 1884. Sarkak. A Danish Eskimo village on the Waigat, n. Greenland.—Wyckoff in Seribner’s Mag., xxvii1, 450, 1900. Sarkarmiut. A ruined Angmagsaling- miut village on the 5. coast of Greenland, lat. 66° 19’.—Meddelelser om Grénland, XXVII, map, 1902. Sarontac. A formervillage, presumably Costanoan, connected with Dolores mis- sion, San Francisco, Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. Sarrochau. A former Winnebago vil- lage on the site of Taycheedah, Fond du Lac co., Wis.—Grignon in Wis. Hist. Soe. Coll., m1, 288, 1857. Sarrope. According to information of a former Spanish captive among the Calusa (q. v.) in Florida, as related to BULL. 30] Laudonniére in 1564, a great lake about 2 or 3 days journey N. 5. from the Calusa territory and situated between that and C. Cafiaveral. It had an inhabited island whose people were warlike and independ- ent and traded coonti root to the neigh- boring tribes. This body of water was probably Kissimmee or, possibly, Okee- chobee lake. J. M.) Sarrope.—Laudonniére (1564) in Basanier, His- torie, in French, Hist. Coll. La., n. s., 282, 1869. Serrope.—De ]’Isle, map, 1700 (incorrectly marked as a town on thes. w. coast of Florida). Sarsi (from the Siksika sa arsi, ‘not good’). A tribe of the eastern group of the northern division of the Athapascan family. There is a myth or tradition found among the Tsattine, according to which their secession from the tribe is said to have been the sequel of a blood feud. According to this story, a dog belonging to a member of one division was killed by a young man of the other division, who was slain by the owner and avenged by his relatives: The ani- mosity engendered between the two fac- tions became so rooted and vindictive that the weaker party migrated. The explanation the Sarsi themselves give is one common in the Plains region. The oon were crossing a lake when the and of a boy became attached to a horn protruding from the ice. When the horn was struck the ice broke. Those who had not reached the neighborhood re- mained in the n. as the Tsattine, those who had already passed went on to the s. and became the Sarsi, and those near by were engulfed in the lake and became mythical water beings. Atthe beginning of the 19th century the Sarsi numbered 120 warriors, in 35tents (Mackenzie, Voy., I, Ixx, 1801). Their hunting grounds were on the upper Saskatchewan, toward the Rocky mts. Umfreyille, in 1790 (Maine Hist. Soc. Coll., v1, 270, 1859), spoke of them as one of the leading tribes trading with the Hudson’s Bay Co. Mac- kenzie found them on the wn. branch of Saskatchewan r., few in number and ap- pearing to have come from the N. W. He identified them with the Sekani. Richardson (Arct. Exped., 11, 6, 1851) said they lived near the Rocky mts., between the sources of Athabasca and Saskatche- wanrs. Their customs have been greatly modified by their long residence among the Siksika, but their language remains fairly constant. Gallatin said that the Tsattine and Sarsi together numbered 150 hunters. Wilson, in 1888, found two bands, the Blood Sarsi and the real Sarsi. In 1897 two divisions were re- orted, one at Ft Calgary, on Bow r., at. 51°, and the other near Battleford. In 1909 there were 197 engaged in farm- ing, stock-raising, and woodcutting on the reserve at Calgary, Alberta, mingling little SARSI 467 with other Indians except on occasions of ceremony. Rey. E. F. Wilson, who visited them in 1888, describes them as in- ferior in mental capacity to the Siksika, not so fine and tall a race, and less com- municative, having no liking for white people. Their dress consists of the breech- clout, blanket, leggings, beaded mocca- sins, and a gray, white, or colored blanket thrown loosely over one or both shoulders. Both men and women paintthe upper part of their faces with ocher or vermilion. They wear brooches and earrings of steel, and bracelets and necklaces of beads, bones, claws, teeth, and brass wire, and finger-rings of coiled brass wire. They live in conical tipis in summer, and in low log huts, plastered with mud, in winter. Their chief handicrafts are the preparation of skins, of which they make their clothing and saddles for their numer- ous ponies, and the making of bows of cherry wood and arrows of willow, which are winged with feathers and pointed with sharp filed pieces of scrap-iron, the shaft having four shallow grooves down its entirelength. Some of the men havefrom two to four wives, whom they can divorce at pleasure, restoring the presents re- ceived with the wife, or their equivalent. Girls are often betrothed at 10 years of age and married at 14. After betrothal they must look no man in the face. A man must notmeet his mother-in-law, and if he accidentally touch her he must give hera present. The Sarsi have little knowl- edge of medicinal roots and herbs; most of their physicians are women. As among many other Indian tribes, a doctor when calied in heats a stone in the fire, touches it with his finger, and with the same finger presses various parts of the patient’s body in order to divine the seat and character of the malady. He then sucks the affected place, pretend- ing to draw out the disease and spit it from his mouth, the performance being accompanied with the beating of a drum and the shaking of a rattle. The Sarsi know how to cauterize effica- ciously with burning touchwood, and they use the vapor bath, building a low bower of bent green saplings covered with blan- kets, within which red-hot stones are placed in a hole in the ground, and over these the patient pours water that is handed him from outside. When thor- oughly steamed he rushes out and plunges into cold water, sometimes with fatal result. The dead are wound in tent cloths and blankets and deposited on scaffolds in a burial ground. Sahaptin.—Hale in U. S. Expl. Ex- ped., VI, 198, 212, 542, 1846 (Shahaptin or Nez- percés, Wallawallas, Pelooses, Yakemas, Kli- katats); Gallatin in Trans. Am. Ethnol. Soc., II, pt. 1. ec, 14, 1848 (follows Hale); Gallatin, ibid., 77 (Nez-percés only); Berghaus (1851), Physik. Atlas, map 17, 1852; Gallatin in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 402, 1853 (Nez-percés and Wal- lawallas); Dall, after Gibbs, in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 1, 241, 1877 (includes Taitinapam and Kliketat). >Saptin.—Prichard, Phys. Hist. Man- kind, v, 428, 1847 (or Shahaptan). Shahaptani.—Tolmie and Dawson, Comp. Vocabs. Brit. Col., 78, 1884 (Whulwhaipum tribe). >Nez-Percés.—Prichard, Phys. Hist. Mankind, v, 428, 1847 (see Shahaptan, above); Keane in Stanford, Compend., Cent. and So. Am., app., 474, 1878 (see his Sahaptin). »Se- lish.—Dall, after Gibbs, in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., I, 241, 1877 (includes Yakama, which belongs here). =Shahaptian.—Powellin 7th Rep. B. A. E., 126, 1891. Shahwundais (‘God of the South,’ who makes the summer.—J. Jones). A con- verted Chippewa, generally known as John Sunday, who took an active part SHAHWUNDAIS—SHAKCHUKLA [B. ASH. in the Methodist missionary work among his people during the early and middle parts of the 19th century. Peter Jones (Hist. Ojeb. Inds., 200, 1861) says he belonged to the Mink ‘‘tribe”’ (probably the Marten gens of Warren). His home, and probably the place of his birth, about 1796, was Alnwick district, Northumber- land co., Ont. In 1823 John and Peter Jones, the latter the author of the Histo- ry of the Ojebway Indians, were con- verted at the Methodist mission on Credit r., near Rice lake, Northumberland co. The brothers commenced teaching their people, and with other missionaries in 1826-27 held a camp-meeting near Coburg, at which Sunday was converted. He began at once to learn to read and write, was ordained as a minister, and entered actively into missionary work among the Chippewa. With George Copway and other native preachers he went on seyeral missionary tours to the Chippewa about L. Superior. They es- tablished a permanent mission in 1883 at L’ Anse on Keweenaw bay, Mich., and another in 1835 at Ottawa Lake, in the same state. Sunday appears to have de- voted some time to special work among the Saulteurs at Sault Ste Marie, where his preaching was so highly regarded that women bearing children in their arms forded streams to reach the meeting place (Jones, op. cit., 227). It was about this period that the Rev. Wm. Case, who’ had been influential in bringing Sunday into the church, took him on a tour of the States for the purpose of rais- ing funds for the Canadian missions. At the general council of the Christian Chip- pewa and Ottawa, held at Saugeen, Ont., in 1845, Sunday was present, and his eloquence on this occasion has received special mention. Copway (Life, Hist. and Trav., 197, 1847) says he was ‘‘un- commonly eloquent’’; Jones (op. cit., 201) says he was ‘‘particularly happy in his address at this meeting, and towards the close, thrilled and astonished all present by the ingenuity and power of his appeals.’’ After this he is not men- tioned, though he was probably living as late as 1855. Copway speaks of him as a chief, and he signs as chief the report made by him and one Simpson as commis- sioners of Alnwick in 1842. (C75) Shakaik(Siid’kdik, ‘many rattlesnakes’ ). A Pima village on the n. side of the Gila, nN. w. of Casa Blanca, s. Ariz.—Russell in 26th Rep. B. A. E., 23, 1908. Shakallamy. See Shikellamy. Shakan (Cavd’/n). Asummer village of the Henya on the n.w. coast of Prince of Wales id., Alaska, whither they used to go for fish eggs. Caxan. —Swanton, field notes, B. A. E., 1904. Tsi/choan.—Krause, Tlinkit Ind., 120, 1885. Shakchukla (Shak-chuk/-la, ‘crayfish BULL. 30] . people’). A Choctaw clan of the Wa- takihulata phratry.—Morgan, Anc. Soc., 162, 1878. Shakehand. Principal chief of the Yankton Sioux in 1804. He was the leader in the council with Lewis and Clark, neld opposite the present city of Yankton, S. Dak., when the explorers were going up the Missouri r. He had previously visited Mackinaw and St Louis. (D. R.) Shakes’ Village. A summer camp of the head Stikine chief Céks, on Etolin id., Alaska; pop. 38 in 1880.—Petroff in Tenth Census, Alaska, 32, 1884. Shakian (‘beaver’). A Yuchi clan. Cagan’.—Speck, Yuchi Inds., 70, 1909 (¢=sh). Shakia" tahd.—Gatschet, Uchee MS., B. A. E., 71, 1885 (=‘ beaver clan’). Shakkeen. A (former?) Salish village or band under Fraser superintendency, Brit. Col.—Brit. Col. map, Ind. Aff., Victoria, 1872. Shakopee (Shakpe, ‘six’). The name of a succession of chiefs of the Mdewa- kanton Sioux, residing on Minnesota r. not far from the present town of Shako- pee, Scott co., Minn. Three men of the name are mentioned in succession. The first met Maj. S. H. Long at the mouth of the Minnesota in 1817, when he came up to distribute the presents which Lieut. Z. M. Pike had contracted to send them 12 years earlier, and Long found him very offensive. This Shako- pee was succeeded by his son, who was known as Eaglehead Shakopee, and he by his son Little Six (Shakopeela), who was a leader in the Minnesota massacre of 1862. See Taoapa. (D. R.) Shakori. A small tribe associated with the Eno and Adshusheer in North Caro- lina in the 17th century. It is doubt- ful, from their physical characteristics, whetherthey were ofSiouan stock, though they were allied with Siouan tribes. As the Shakori were constantly associated with the Eno they were probably linguis- tically related to them. They are first mentioned by Yardley (1654), who says a Tuscarora Indian described to him among other tribes of the interior ‘‘a great nation called Cacores,’’ of dwarfish stature, not exceeding that of boys of 14 years, yet exceedingly brave and fierce in fight and active in retreat, so that even the powerful Tuscarora were un- able to conquer them. They were then near neighbors of the Eno. Lederer (1672) found the villages of the two tribes about 14 m. apart, that of the Shakori being farthest w. In 1701 Law- son found the two tribes confederated, and the Adshusheer with them. Their village, which he calls Adshusheer, was on Eno r. about 14 m. 5. of the Oc- caneechi village, probably a short dis- tance Nn. E. of the present Durham, N. C. SHAKEHAND—SHALLATTOO 521 They resembled the Eno in their customs. According to Col. Barnwell, commander in the Tuscarora war of 1711, they are identical with the Sissipahaw. Consult Mooney, Siouan Tribes of the East, Bull. B. A. E., 1894. Cacores.— Yardley (1654) in Hawks, N. Car., 11, 19, 1858. Schoccories. —Lawson (1701), Hist. Car., 384, 1860. Shabor.—Hawks, N. Car., II, map, 1858 (misprint). Shacco.—Byrd (1733), Hist. Dividing Line, 11, 2,1866. Shacioes.—Barnwell (1711) inS. C. Hist. and Geneal. Mag., 1x, 31, 1908. Shackory.— Byrd, op. cit.,15. Shakor.—Lederer, Discov., map, 1672. Shoccories.—Lawson (1701), Hist. Car., 96, 1860. Shakshakeu (‘great heron’). A sub- phratry or gens of the Menominee.— Hoffman in 14th Rep. B. A. E., 42, 1896. Shaktabsh. A body of Salish who lived on Port Washington bay, Kitsap co., Wash.; now on Port Madison res. Shak-tabsh. — Boulet, letter, Mar. 22, 1886. S’hak-tabsh.—Mallet in Ind. Aff. Rep., 198, 1877. Shaktoligmiut (Shakto/ligmit). A sub- division of the Malemiut Eskimo of Alaska, whose village is Shaktolik. Chakhtogmut.—Zagoskin, Descr. Russ. Poss. Am., pt. 1, 72, 1847. Shakto’ligmut.—Dall in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 1, 16, 1877. Tchakh-toligmiouth.—Za- goskin in Nouy. Ann. Voy., 5ths., Xx1I, map, 1850. Shaktolik. A Malemiut village on the E. coast of Norton sd., Alaska, inhabited by descendants of the native tribe and invaders from Kotzebue sd. Shaklolik.—Post-route map, 1903. Shaktolik,— Dall in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 1, 16, 1877. Shakto- lit.—11th Census, Alaska, 165, 1893. Shakwabaiyaki (‘blue or green running water pueblo’). A ruined pueblo, for- merly occupied by the ancestors of the Hopi, situated opposite Hardy station on the Santa Fé Pacific R. R., near the mouth of Cheylon er., Ariz. Blue Running Water pueblo,—Fewkes in 22d Rep. B. A. E., 31,1904. Cakwabaiyaki.—Ibid., 23 (Hopi name). Chevlon ruin,—Ibid., 23. fhakwalengya. The Blue or Green Flute clan of the Ala (Horn) phratry of the Hopi. Cakwalenya winwui.—Fewkesin 19th Rep. B. A. E., 583, 1901 (wifiwi =‘clan’). Ca-kwa/-len-ya wun- wu.—Fewkes in Am. Anthr., v1, 401, 1894. Shalawa. AChumashan village located by Taylor near Santa Inés mission, Cal.; given by Ventura Indians as formerly between Santa Barbara and Carpenteria, in the locality now called La Matanza. Cal-a-wa.—Henshaw, Buenaventura MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884. Shalawa,—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, May 4, 1860. Shhalwaj.—Henshaw, op. cit. Shalikuwewich ( Cal-i-ku-we’-witc). Saste.—Hale in U. S. Expl. Exped., VI, 218, 1846. Gallatin in Trans. Am. Ethnol.Soc., 1, pt. 1, ¢, 77, 1848. Berghaus (1851), Physik. Atlas, map 17, 1852. Buschmann, Spuren d. aztek. Sprache, 572, 1859. >Palaihnih.—Hale in U. 8. Expl. Exped., VI, 218, 569, 1846 (used in family sense). >Pal- aik.—Hale in U.S. Exp!. Exped., vi, 199, 218, 569, 1846 (southeast of Lutuamiin Oregon) Gallatin in Trans. Am. Ethnol. Soc., 11, pt. 1, 18, 77, 1848. Latham, Nat. Hist. Man, 325 1850 (southeast of Lutuami). Berghaus (1851), Physik. Atlas, map .17, 1852. Latham in Proce. Philol. Soe. Lond., vr, 82, 1854 (cites Hale’s vocab.). Latham in Trans. Philol. Soe. Lond., 74, 1856 (has Shoshoni affini- ties). Latham, Opuscula, 310, 341, 1860. Latham, El. Comp. Philol., 407, 1862. >Shasty.—Hale in U. S. Expl. Exped., VI, 218, 1846 (=Saste). Busch- mann, Spuren d. aztek. Sprache, 572, 1859 (=Saste). >Shasties.—Halein U.S. Expl. Exped., VI, 199, 569, 1846 (=Saste). Berghaus (1851), Physik. Atlas, map 17, 1852. >Palainih,—Gal- latin in Trans. Am. Ethnol. Soc., 11, pt. 1, ce, 1848 (after Hale). Berghaus (1851), Physik. Atlas, map 17,1852. >Shasti.—Latham, Nat. Hist.Man, 325, 1850 (southwest of Lutuami). Latham in Proc. Philol. Soe. Lond., v1, 82, 1854. Latham, ibid., 74, 1856. Latham, Opuscula, 310, 341, 1860 (allied to both Shoshonean and Shahaptian fam- ilies). Latham, El. Comp. Philol., 407, 1862. >Shasté.—Gibbs in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 422, 1853 (mentions Watsa-he’-wa, a Scott r. band). >Sasti.—Gallatin in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 402, 1853 (=Shasties). >Pulairih.— Ibid. (obvious typographical error; quotes Hale’s Palaiks). >Pit River.—Powers in Overland Monthly, 412, May 1874 (three principal tribes: Achomaéwes, Hamefcuttelies, Astakaywas or As- takywich). Gatschet in Mag. Am. Hist., 164, 1877 (gives habitat; quotes Hale for tribes). Gatschet in Beach, Ind. Misc., 439,1877. _>A-cho-ma’-wi.— Powell in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 11, 601, 1877 (vocabs. of A-cho-m4’/-wiand Lutuami). Powers, ibid., 267 (general account of tribes; A-cho- ma4’-wi, Hu-m4/-whi, Es-ta-ke’-wach, Han-te’-wa, Chu-m4/-wa, A-tu-a’-mih, Il-m4’-wi). >Shasta,— Powell in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 111, 607,1877. Gat- schet in Mag., Am. Hist., 164, 1877. Gatschet in Beach, Ind. Misc., 438, 1877. >Shas-ti’-ka,— Powers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., m1. 248, 1877. Shasta.—Bancroft, Nat. Races, 111, 565, 1882 (contains Palaik, Watsahe- wah, Shasta). >Palaihnihan.—Powellin7th Rep. B. A. E., 97, 1891. >Sastean.—Ibid.,105. —Shasta- Achomawi,—Dixon in Am. Anthr., VII, 218, 1905. Shatane (‘wildcat’). A Yuchi clan. Cadtané.—Speck, Yuchi Inds., 70, 1909 (c=sh). Shatane taha.—Gatschet, Uchee MS., B. A. E., 70, 1885 (=‘ wildeat clan’). ‘ : Shatara. A former Chickasaw town in N. Mississippi, forming part of a large settlement of 5 towns.—Adair, Am. Inds., 353, 1775. Shateiaronhia. See Leatherlips. Shathiane (‘fox’). A Yuchi clan. Catiené.—Speck, Yuchi Inds., 70, 1906 (c=sh). Shat’hiané tahé.—Gatschet, Uchee MS., B.A.E., 71, 1885 (=‘fox clan’). Shaubena. See Shabonee. Shaugawaumikong (Shdgawdmikdng, or Jigawdmikdng, from shdgaw ‘narrow’, dmika ‘there is a lake-bottom’, -ng ‘at’: ‘where there is a long shallow place in the lake where the waves break.’— Baraga). One of the most ancient Chippewa villages, situated on Long id., formerly known as Chaquamegon peninsula, on the coast of L. Super- ior, in Ashland co., Wis. On account of the inroads of the Sioux, the vil- lage was at one time removed to the adjacent Madeleine id., about where La Pointe now is. For a long time it was the only village of the Chippewa except- ing Pawating, but was finally abandoned for superstitious reasons. In 1665 the Jesuits established on Long id., among the Huron, Tionontati, and Ottawa then residing there, the mission of La Pointe du St Esprit. Numbers from the sur- rounding Algonquian tribes soon joined the mission, which flourished until broken up by the Sioux in 1670. At the begin- ning of the 19th century the village was on the mainland near the site of Bayfield, Wis. In later times it has com- monly been known as La Pointe. (J. M.) Cagawami‘'kang.—Wm. Jones, inf’n, 1905 (correct Chippewa form; c=sh). Chagaouamigong.—Jes. Rel. for 1670, 78, 1858. Chagoamigon.—De Bou- gainville (1757) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., x, 608,1858. Chagoimegon.—Schoolcraft quoted by Warren in Minn. Hist. Soc. Coll., v,252, 1885. Chagouamigon. — Neill in Minn. Hist. Soe. Coll., v, 403, 1885. Cha- g8amigon,—Doc. of 1695in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., rx, 609, 1855. Chagotiamigong,—Jes. Rel. for 1667, 9, 1858. Chagouemig.—Henry, Trav., 195, 1809. Chagouemigon,—Ibid., 198. Chegoimegon.—Hall, N.W. States, 129, 1849. Lapointe.—Schoolcraft, op. cit. La Pointe band.—La Pointe treaty (1854) in U. S. Ind. Treat., 223, 1873. Lapointe du St. Esprit.—Shea, Cath. Miss., 358, 1855. La Pointe Chagauamegou.—Chauvignerie (1736) as quoted by Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 556, 1853 (misprint). Mission of the Holy Ghost.—Jefferys, Fr. Doms., pt. 1, 19, 1761. Monengwanekan.—Baraga, Otch. Gram., 12, 1878. Moningwanekan.—Baraga, Eng.- Otch. Dict., 154, 1878 (Chippewa name of La Pointe). Shagawamigong.—Kelton, Ft Mackinac, 146, 1884. Shag-a-waum-ik-ong.—Warren (1852) in Minn. Hist. Soc. Coll., v, 52, 1885. Shaug-ah- waum-ik-ong.—Ibid., 86. Shaug-a-waum-ik-ong.— Ibid., 48. Shaugha-waum-ik-ong.--Ibid., 219. Shaugwamegin.—Schoolcraft quoted by Neill in Minn. Hist. Soe. Coll., v, 403, 1885. Bt } Shaukimmo. One of the aboriginal di- visions of Nantucket id., Mass. It appar- 530 ently included a portion of the interior, s. of Nantucket harbor. See Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 2d s., 111, 25, 1815. Shavehead. A well known Potawato- mi chief, so named by the whites be- cause, like many of his ancestors, he kept the hair shaved from the greater part of his scalp. The dates of his birth and death are not known, but he lived during the early part of the 19th century in thes. E. part of Cass co., Mich. As a warrior Shavehead was the terror of the vicinity, feared by both whites and In- dians. He participated in many battles and manifested a determined hatred for the whites, openly boasting of the scalps he had taken, and wearing them as trophies about his person. It was re- ported, although probably with great ex- aggeration, that he possessed a string of 99 white men’s tongues. Many inci- dents of Shavehead’s vindictiveness are related. Afterthe mail stages had begun to run on the Chicago road, Shavehead, claiming the rights of his people as pro- prietors of the soil, established himself at a ferry of St Joseph r., near Mott- ville, and demanded tribute from every one who crossed, especially the settlers who were compelled to use this route to the nearest grist mill. Finally, exasper- ated beyond endurance, one of the set- tlers caught the Indian unaware and ad- ministered a severe beating, which had the effect of curing his depredations, but making him more sullen. He is de- scribed in his old age as being tall and erect, quite dark, and with not a hair on his head. Both a lake anda prairie bear his name. Several stories are told of the manner of Shavehead’s death, but they can not be substantiated. One is that the old chief, while boasting of his part in the massacre at Ft Dearborn, Chicago, in 1812, was recognized by a surviving sol- dier, who followed him out of the vil- lage, and, it is supposed, murdered him. Another account states that after signifi- cantly saying that there was no longer game enough for both the Indian and the white man, he was killed by a white hunter who had been his companion on many hunting expeditions. The last and more probable story is that he died, enfeebled by age and poverty, and was buried in a hollow loginthe forest. Set- tlers visited his grave and severed his head from his body, and his skull was said in 1889 to be in the collection of the pioneers of Van Buren co. One of Shavehead’s sons died in prison under a life sentence for murder. See Coll. Mich. Pion. and Hist. Soe., v, 1884; xiv, 1890; xxvii, 1900. (F. 8. N.) Shawakhtau. The name, in the Yau- danchi dialect of Yokuts, of a place on SHAVEHEAD—SHAWNEE [B. A. BL Tuler., Cal., above Springville, where the Yaudanchi frequently wintered. Sa-wakh’-tu.—Powers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 11, 370, 1877 (given asatribalname). Shawakhtau,— A. L. Kroeber, inf’n, 1906. A band of the Shawala (‘Shawnee’). Brulé Teton Sioux, descended from a Shawnee chief adopted into the tribe. Cawala.—Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 218, 1897 (c=sh). Sawala.—Ibid, : Shawangunk (shdw ‘side,’ ong ‘hill,’ unk locative: ‘at or on the hillside.’—Gerard). An important fortified Waranawonkong village near the site of Tuthill, Ulster co., N. Y. It was destroyed by the Dutch in 1663. Chauwanghungh.—Doc. of 1684 cited by Ruttenber, Ind. Geog. Names, 140,1906. Chauwangung.—Doc. of 1686, ibid. Chawangon.—Deed of 1684 quoted by Ruttenber, Tribes Hudson R., 388, 1872. Cha- wangong.—Patent of 1686, ibid. Shawangung,— Doce. of 1709 cited by Ruttenber, Ind. Geog. Names, 141, 1906. Shawangunk.—Dutch record (ca. 1660) cited by Ruttenber, Tribes Hudson R., 388, 1872. Showangunck,—Doc. of 1723 cited by Ruttenber, Ind. Geog. Names, 141, 1906. Shawi (‘raccoon’). A Chickasaw clan of the Ishpanee phratry. Shd-u-ee.— Morgan, Anc. Soc., 163, 1878. Shawi.— Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., 1, 96, 1884 Shawiangto. A former small village of the Tuscarora, containing about a dozen houses, situated on the w. side of the Sus- quehanna, not far from the present Wind- sor, Broome c ., N.Y. It was burned by Gen. Clinton, Aug. 17, 1779. In 1778 there appear to have been four villages of the Tuscarora not far below Oquaga, in the same county. (J. N. B. H.) Shawiti. The Parrot clansofthe Keresan pueblos of Laguna, Acoma, Santa Ana, San Felipe, and Sia, N. Mex. That of Laguna claims to have come originally from Zuni, while the Parrot clan of Acoma formed a phratry with the Hapanyi (Oak) and Tanyi(Calabash)clans. (¥F. w. H.) Sha’-wi-ti.—Stevenson in 11th Rep. B.A.E., 19, 1894 (Sia form). Shéwiti-hdnoch,—Hodge in Am, Anthr., Ix, 351, 1896 (Laguna form; hdnoch= ‘people’). Shawiti-hanogceh,—Ibid.(Acomaform). Shé’wati-hano,—Ibid. (San Felipeform). Sh6’wi- ti-hano.—Ibid. (Sia and Santa Ana form). Shawnee (from shawtin, ‘south’; sha- wiinog, ‘southerners.’ —W.J.). Former- ly a leading tribe of South Carolina, Ten- nessee, Pennsylvania, and Ohio. By rea- son of the indefinite character of their name, their wandering habits, their con- nection with other tribes, and because of their interior position away from the tray- eled routes of early days, the Shawnee were long a stumbling block in the way of investigators. Attempts have been made to identify them with the Massawomec of Smith, the Erie of the early Jesuits, and the Andaste of a somewhat later period, while it has also been claimed that they originally formed one tribe with the Sauk and Foxes. Noneof these theories, how- ever, rests upon sound evidence, and all have been abandoned. Linguisti- cally the Shawnee belongs to the group of Central Algonquian dialects, and is BULL. 30] very closely related to Sauk-Fox. The name ‘‘Savanoos,’’ applied by the early Dutch writers to the Indians living npon the g. bank of Delaware r., in New Jersey, SHAWNEE MAN did not refer to the Shawnee, and was evi- dently not a proper tribal designation, but merely the collective term, ‘‘southern- ers,’’? for those tribes southward from Manhattan id., just as Wappanoos, ‘‘east- erners,’’ was the collective term for those living toward the gr. Evelin, who wrote about 1646, gives the names of the differ- ent small bands in thes. part of New Jer- sey, while Ruttenber names those in the n., but neither mentions the Shawnee. The tradition of the Delawares, as em- bodied in the Walum Olum, makes them- selves, the Shawnee, and the Nanticoke, originally one people, the separation hav- ing taken place after the traditional ex- pulsion of the Talligewi (Cherokee, q. v. ) trom the N., it being stated that the Shawnee wentS. Beyond thisitis useless to theorize on the origin of the Shawnee or to strive to assign them any earlier loca- tion than that in which they were first known and where their oldest traditions place them—the Cumberland basin in Ten- nessee, with an outlying colony on the middle Savannah in South Carolina. In this position, as their name may imply, they were the southern advance guard of the Algonquian stock. Their real history begins in 1669-70. They were then living in two bodies at a consid- SHAWNEE 531 erable distance apart, and these two di- visions were not fully united until nearly a century later, when the tribe settled in Ohio. The attempt to reconcile con- flicting statements without a knowledge of this fact has occasioned much of the confusion in regard to the Shawnee. The apparent anomaly of a tribe living in two divisions at such a distance from each other is explained when we remember that the intervening territory was occu- pied by the Cherokee, who were at that time the friends of the Shawnee. The evidence afforded by the mounds shows that the two tribes lived together for a considerable period, both in South Caro- lina and in Tennessee, and it is a matter of history that the Cherokee claimed the country vacated by the Shawnee in both states after the removal of the latter to the N. Itis quite possible that the Chero- kee invited the Shawnee to settle upon their eastern frontier in order to serve as a barrier against the attacks of the Ca- tawba and other enemies in that direction. No such necessity existed for protection on their northwestern frontier. The earliest notices of the Carolina Shawnee represent them as a warlike tribe, the enemies of the Catawba and others, who were also the enemies of the Cherokee. In Ramsey’s Annals of Tennessee is the statement, made by a Cherokee chief in 1772, that 100 years previously the Shaw- nee, by permission of the Cherokee, re- SHAWNEE WOMAN moved from Savannah r. to the Cum- berland, but were afterward driven out by the Cherokee, aided by the Chick- asaw, in consequence of a quarrel with 532 the former tribe. While this tradition does not agree with the chronologic order of Shawnee occupancy in the two regions, as borne out by historical evidence, it furnishes additional proof that the Shaw- nee occupied territory upon both rivers, and that this occupancy was by permis- sion of the Cherokee. De I’Isle’s map of 1700 places the ‘‘ Ontouagannha,’’ which here means the Shawnee, on the head- waters of the Santee and Pedee rs. in South Carolina, while the ‘‘Chiouonons’’ are located on the lower Tennessee r. Senex’s map of 1710 locates a part of the ‘‘Chaouenons”’ on the headwaters of a stream in South Carolina, but seems to place the main body on the Tennessee. Moll’s map of 1720 has ‘‘Savannah Old Settlement’’ at the mouth of the Cum- berland (Royce in Abstr. Trans. Anthr. Soc. Wash., 1881), showing that the term Savannah was sometimes applied to the western as well as to the eastern band. The Shawnee of South Carolina, who included the Piqua and Hathawekela di- visions of the tribe, were known to the early settlers of that state as Savannahs, that being nearly the form of the name in use among the neighboring Muskho- gean tribes. A good deal of confusion has arisen from the fact that the Yuchi and Yamasee, in the same neighborhood, were sometimes also spoken of as Savan- nah Indians. Bartram and Gallatin par- ticularly are confused upon this point, al- though, as is hardly necessary to state, the tribes are entirely distinct. Their prin- cipal village, known as Savannah Town, was on Savannah r., nearly opposite the present Augusta, Ga. According to a writer of 1740 (Ga. Hist. Soe. Coll., 11, 72, 1842) it was at New Windsor, on the n. bank of Savannah r., 7m. below Augusta. It was an important trading point, and Ft Moore was afterward built upon the site. The Savannah r. takes itsname from this tribe, as appears from the statement of Adair, who mentions the ‘‘Savannah r., so termed on account of the Shawano Indians having formerly lived there,”’ plainly showing that the two names are synonyms for the same tribe. Gallatin says that the name of the river is of Span- ish origin, by which he probably means that it refers to ‘‘savanas,’’ or prairies, but as almost all the large rivers of the Atlantic slope bore the Indian names of the tribesupon their banks, it is not likely that this river is an exception, or that a Spanish name would have been retained in an English colony. In 1670, when South Carolina was first settled, the Savannah were one of the principal tribes south- ward from Ashley r. About 10 years later they drove back the Westo, identi- fied by Swanton as the Yuchi, who had just previously nearly destroyed the in- fant settlements in a short but bloody SHAWNEE [B. A. BE. war. The Savannah seem to have re- mained at peace with the whites, and in 1695, according to Gov. Archdale, were ‘‘good friends and useful neighbors of the English.’”? By a comparison of Gal- latin’s paragraph (Trans. Am. Antiq. Soc., 1, 66, 1836) with Lawson’s state- ments (Hist. Car., 75, 279-280, ed. 1860) from which he quotes, it will be seen that he has misinterpreted the earlier author, as well as misquoted the tribal forms. Lawson traveledthrough Carolina in1701, and in 1709 published his account, which has passed through several reprints, the last being in 1860. He mentions the ‘‘Savannas’’ twice, and it is to be noted that in each place he calls them by the same name, which, however, is not the same as any one of the three forms used by Gallatin in referring to the same pas- sages. Lawson first mentions them in connection with the Congaree as the “Savannas, a famous, warlike, friendly nation of Indians, living to the south end of Ashley r.’’ In another place he speaks of ‘‘the Savanna Indians, who formerly lived on the banks of the Messiasippi, and removed thence to the head of one of the rivers of South Carolina, since which, for some dislike, most of them are removed to live in the quarters of the Iroquois or Sinnagars [Seneca], which are on the heads of the rivers that disgorge them- selves into the bay of Chesapeak.’’ This isa definite statement, plainly referring to one and the same tribe, and agrees with what is known of the Shawnee. On De I’Isle’s map, also, we find the Savannah r. called ‘‘R. des Chouanons,”’ with the ‘‘Chaouanons’’ located upon both banks in its middle course. As to Gallatin’s statement that the name of the Savannahs is dropped after Lawson’s mention in 1701, we learn from numerous references, from old records, in Logan’s Upper South Carolina, published after Gallatin’s time, that all through the period of the French and Indian war, 50 years after Lawson wrote, the ‘‘Savan- nahs’’ were constantly making inroads on the Carolina frontier, even to the vi- cinity of Charleston. They are described as ‘‘northern savages’’ and friends of the Cherokee, and are undoubtedly the Shaw- nee. In 1749 Adair, while crossing the middle of Georgia, fell in with a strong party of ‘‘the French Shawano,’”’ who were on their way, under Cherokee guid- ance, to attack the English traders near Augusta. After committing some depre- dations they escaped to the Cherokee. In another place he speaks of a party of ‘‘Shawano Indians,’’ who, at the instiga- tion of the French, had attacked a fron- tier settlement of Carolina, but had been taken and imprisoned. Through a refer- ence by Logan it is found that these pris- oners are called Savannahs in the records BULL. 30] of that period. In 1791 Swan mentions the ‘‘Savannas’’ town among the Creeks, occupied by ‘‘Shawanese refugees.”’ Having shown that the Savannah and the Shawnee are the same tribe, it re- mains to be seen why and when they removed from South Carolina to the N. The removal was probably owing to dis- satisfaction with the English sett.ers, who seem to have favored the Catawba at the expense of the Shawnee. Adair, speak- ing of the latter tribe, says they had for- merly lived on the Savannah r., ‘‘till by our foolish measures they were forced to withdraw northward in defence of their freedom.’’ In another place he says, ‘‘by our own misconduct we twice lost the Shawano Indians, who have since proved very hurtful to our colonies in general.’’ The first loss referred to is probably the withdrawal of the Shawnee to the N., and the second is evidently their alliance with the French in conse- quence of the encroachments of the Eng- lish in Pennsylvania. Their removal from South Carolina was gradual, begin- ning about 1677 and continuing at inter- vals through a period of more than 30 years. The ancient Shawnee villages for- merly on the sites of Winchester, Va., and Oldtown, near Cumberland, Md., were built and occupied probably during this migration. It was due mainly to their losses at the hands of the Catawba, the al- liesof the English, that they were forced to abandon their country on the Savannah; but after the reunion of the tribe in the N. they pursued their old enemies with unrelenting vengeance until the Catawba were almost exterminated. The hatred cherished by the Shawnee toward the English is shown by their boast in the Revolution that they had killed more of that nation than had any other tribe. The first Shawnee seem to have re- moved from South Carolina in 1677 or 1678, when, according to Drake, about 70 families established themselves on the Susquehanna adjoining the Conestoga in Lancaster co., Pa., at the mouth of Pequea cr. Their village was called Pequea, a form of Piqua. The Assiwikales ( Hatha- wekela) were a part of the later migra- tion. This, together with the absence of the Shawnee names Chillicothe and Me- quachake x. of the Alleghanies, would seem to show that the Carolina portion of the tribe belonged to the first named divisions. The chief of Pequea was Wa- patha, or Opessah, who madeatreaty with Penn at Philadelphia in 1701, and more than 50 years afterward the Shawnee, then in Ohio, still preserved a copy of this treaty. There is no proof that they had a part in Penn’s first treaty in 1682. In 1694, by invitation of the Delawares and their allies, another large party came from the §8.—probably from Carolina— SHAW NEE 533 and settled with the Munsee on the Del- aware, the main body fixing themselves at the mouth of Lehigh r., near the pres- ent Easton, Pa., while some went as far down as the Schuylkill. This party is said to have numbered about 700, and they were several months on the journey. Permission to settle on the Delaware was granted by the Colonial government on condition of their making peace with the Iroquois, who then received them as ‘‘brothers,’’ while the Delawares ac- knowledged them as their ‘‘second sons,”’ i. e. grandsons. The Shawnee to-day re- fer to the Delawares as their grandfathers. From this it is evident that the Shawnee were never conquered by the Iroquois, and, in fact, we find the western band a few years previously assisting the Miami against the latter. As the Iroquois, how- ever, had conquered the lands of the Conestoga and Delawares, on which the Shawnee settled, the former still claimed the prior right of domain. Another large part of the Shawnee probably left South Carolina about 1707, as appears from a statement made by Evans in that year (Day, Penn, 391, 1843), which shows that they were then hard pressed in the S. He says: ‘‘During our abode at Peque- han [Pequea] several of the Shaonois Indians from ye southward came to settle here, and were admitted so to do by Opessah, with the governor’s consent, at the same time an Indian, from a Shaonois town near Carclina came in and gave an account that four hundred and fifty of the flat-headed Indians [Catawba] had besieged them, and that in all probability the same wastaken. Bezallion informed the governor that the Shaonois of Caro- lina—he was told—had killed several Christians; whereupon the government of that province raised the said flat-headed Indians, and joined some Christians to them, besieged and have taken, as it is thought, the said Shaonois town.’’ Those who escaped probably fled to the N. and joined their kindred in Pennsylvania. In 1708 Goy. Johnson, of South Carolina, reported the ‘‘Savannahs’’ on Savannah r. as occupying 3 villages and numbering about 150 men (Johnson in Rivers, 8. C., 236, 1856). In 1715 the ‘‘Savanos’’ still in Carolina were reported to live 150 m. N. w. of Charleston, and still to occupy 3 villages, but with only 233 inhabitants in all. The Yuchi and Yamasee were also then in the same neighborhood (Barn- well, 1715, in Rivers, Hist. S. C., 94, 1874). A partof those whohad comefrom theS. in1694 had joined the Mahican and become a partofthat tribe. Those who had settled on the Delaware, after remaining there some years, removed to the Wyoming val- ley on the Susquehanna and established themselves in a village on the w. bank near the present Wyoming, Pa. Itis probable 534 that they were joined here by that part of the tribe which had settled at Pequea, which was abandoned about 1730. When the Delawares and Munsee were forced to leave the Delaware r. in 1742 they also moved over to the Wyoming valley, then in possession of the Shawnee, and built a village on the 5. bank of the river oppo- site that occupied by the latter tribe. In 1740 the Quakers began work among the Shawnee at Wyoming and were followed two years later by the Moravian Zinzen- dorf. Asa result of this missionary labor the Shawnee on the Susquehanna re- mained neutral for some time during the French and Indian war, which began in 1754, while their brethren on the Ohio were active allies of the French. About the year 1755 or 1756, in consequence of a quarrel with the Delawares, said to have been caused by a childish dispute over a grasshopper, the Shawnee aban- doned the Susquehanna and joined the rest of their tribe on the upper waters of the Ohio, where they soon became allies of the French. Some of the eastern Shawnee had already joined those on the Ohio, probably in small parties and at different times, for in the report of the Albany congress of 1754 it is found that some of that tribe had removed from Pennsylvania to the Ohio about 30 years previously, and in 1735 a Shawnee band known as Shaweygria (Hathawekela), consisting of about 40 families, described as living with the other Shawnee on Alle- gheny r., refused to return to the Susque- hanna at the solicitation of the Delawares and Iroquois. The only clue in regard to the number of these eastern Shawnee is Drake’s statement that in 1732 there were 700 Indian warriors in Pennsylvania, of whom half were Shawnee from the S8. This would give them a total population of about 1,200, which is probably too high, unless those on the Ohio are in- cluded in the estimate. Having shown the identity of the Sa- vannah with the Shawnee, and followed their wanderings from Savannah r. to the Ohio during a period of about 80 years, it remains to trace the history of the other, and apparently more numerous, division upon the Cumberland, who pre- ceded the Carolina band in the region of the upper Ohior., and seem never to have crossed the Alleghanies to the eastward. These western Shawnee may possibly be the people mentioned in the Jesuit Relation of 1648, under the name of ‘‘Ouchaouanag,’’ in connection with the Mascoutens, who lived in n. Illinois. In the Relation of 1670 we find the ‘‘Chaoua- non’’ mentioned as having visited the II- linois the preceding year, and they are described as living some distance to the s. E. of the latter. From this period until SHAWNEE [B. A. B. their removal to the N. they are fre- quently mentioned by the French writers, sometimes under some form of the col- lective Iroquois name Toagenha, but gen- erally under their Algonquian name Chaouanon. La Harpe, about 1715, called them Tongarois, another form of Toa- genha. All these writers concur in the statement that they lived upon a large southern branch of the Ohio, at no great distance gE. of the Mississippi. This was the Cumberland r. of Tennessee and Ken- tucky, which is called the River of the Shawnee on all the old maps down to about the year 1770. When the French traders first came into the region the Shawnee had their principal village on that river near the present Nashville, Tenn. They seem also to have ranged northeastward to Kentucky r. and south- ward to the Tennessee. it will thus be seen that they were not isolated from the great body of the Algonquian tribes, as has frequently been represented to have been the case, but simply occupied an interior position, adjoining the kindred Illinois and Miami, with whom they kept up constant communication. As previ- ously mentioned, the early maps plainly distinguish these Shawnee on the Cum- berland from the other division of the tribe on Savannah r. These western Shawnee are mentioned about the year 1672 as being harassed by the Iroquois, and also as allies and neigh- bors of the Andaste, or Conestoga, who were themselves at war with the Iroquois. As the Andaste were then incorrectly supposed to live on the upper waters of the Ohio r., the Shawnee would natu- rally be considered their neighbors. The two tribes were probably in alliance against the Iroquois, as we find that when the first body of Shawnee removed from South Carolina to Pennsylvania, about 1678, they settled adjoining the Cones- toga, and when another part of the same tribe desired to remove to the Delaware in 1694 permission was granted on condi- tion that they make peace with the Iro- quois. Again, in 1684, the Iroquois justi- fied their attacks on the Miami by assert- ing that the latter had invited the Satanas (Shawnee) into their country to make war upon the Iroquois. This is the first historic mention of the Shawnee—evi- dently the western division—in the coun- try nN. of the Ohio r. As the Cumber- land region was out of the usual course of exploration and settlement, but few notices of the western Shawnee are found until 1714, when the French trader Charleville established himself among , them near the present Nashville. They were then gradually leaving the country in small bodies in consequence of a war with the Cherokee, their formerallies, who BULL. 30] were assisted by the Chickasaw. From the statement of Iberville in 1702 (Margry, Déc., tv, 519, 1880) it seems that this was due to the latter’s efforts to bring them more closely under French infiu- ence. It is impossible now to learn the cause of the war between the Shawnee and the Cherokee. It probably did not begin until after 1707, the year of the final expulsion of the Shawnee from South Carolina by the Catawba, as there is no evidence to show that the Cherokee took part in that struggle. From Shaw- nee tradition the quarrel with the Chick- asaw would seem to be of older date. After the reunion of the Shawnee in the N. they secured the alliance of the Dela- wares, and the two tribes turned against the Cherokee until the latter were com- pelled to ask peace, when the old friend- ship was renewed. Soon after the com- ing of Charleville, in 1714, the Shaw- nee finally abandoned the Cumberland valley, being pursued to the last moment by the Chickasaw. In a council held at Philadelphia in 1715 with the Shawnee and Delawares, the former, ‘‘ who live at a great distance,’’ asked the friendship of the Pennsylvania government. These are evidently the same who about this time were driven from their home on Cumberland r. On Moll’s map of 1720 we find this region marked as occupied by the Cherokee, while ‘‘ Savannah Old Settlement’’ is placed at the mouth of the Cumberland, indicating that the re- moval of the Shawnee had then been completed. They stopped for some time at various points in Kentucky, and per- hapsalsoat Shawneetown, II1., butfinally, about the year 1730, collected along the Nn. bank of the Ohio r., in Ohioand Penn- sylvania, extending from the Allegheny down to the Scioto. Sawcunk, Logs- town, and Lowertown were probably built about this time. The land thus oc- cupied was claimed by the Wyandot, who granted permission to the Shawnee to settle upon it, and many years afterward threatened to dispossess them if they continued hostilities against the United States. They probably wandered for some time in Kentucky, which was practically a part of their own territory and not oc- cupied by any other tribe. Blackhoof (Catahecassa), one of their most celebrated chiefs, was born during this sojourn in a village near the present Winchester, Ky. Down to the treaty of Greenville, in 1795, Kentucky wasthe favorite hunting ground of thetribe. In1748 the Shawnee on the Ohio were estimated to number 162 war- riors or about 600 souls. A few years later they were joined by their kindred from the Susquehanna, and the two bands were united for the first time in history. There is no evidence that the SHAWNEE 535 western band, asa body, ever crossed to the z. side of the mountains. The nature of the country and the fear of the Catawba would seem to have forbidden such a movement, aside from the fact that their eastern brethren were already beginning to feel the pressure of advancing civili- zation. The most natural line of migra- tion was the direct route to the upper Ohio, where they had the protection of the W yandot and Miami, and were within easy reach of the French. For a long time an intimate connection existed between the Creeks and the Shawnee, and a body of the latter, under the name of Sawanogi, was permanently incorporated with the Creeks. These may have been the ones mentioned by Pénicaut as living in the vicinity of Mobile about 1720. Bartram (Travels, 464, 1792), in 1773, mentioned this band among the Creeks and spoke of the re- semblance of their language to that of the Shawnee, without knowing that they were a part of the same tribe. The war in the N. W. after the close of the Revo- lution drove still more of the Shawnee to take refuge with the Creeks. In 1791 they had 4 villages in the Creek country, near the site of Montgomery, Ala., the principal being Sawanogi. A great many also joined the hostile Cherokee about the same time. As these villages are not named in the list of Creek towns in 1832 it is possible that their inhabitants may have joined the rest of their tribe in the W. before that period. There is no good evidence for the assertion by some writers that the Suwanee in Florida took its name from a band of Shawnee once settled upon its banks. The history of the Shawnee after their reunion on the Ohio is well known as a part of the history of the Northwest ter- ritory, and may be dismissed with brief notice. Fora period of 40 years—from the beginning of the French and Indian war to the treaty of Greenville in 1795— they were almost constantly at war with the English or the Americans, and dis- tinguished themselves as the most hostile tribe in that region. Most of the expe- ditions sent across the Ohio during the Revolutionary period were directed against the Shawnee, and most of the de- struction on the Kentucky frontier was the work of the same tribe. When driven back from the Scioto they retreated to the head of the Miami r., from which the Miami had withdrawn some years before. After the Revolution, finding themselves left without the assistance of the British, large numbers joined the hostile Chero- kee and Creeks in the 8S., while a con- siderable body accepted the invitation of the Spanish government in 1793 and set- tled, together with some Delawares, on a 536 tract near Cape Girardeau, Mo., between the Mississippi and the Whitewater rs., in what was then Spanish territory. Wayne’s victory, followed by the treaty of Greenville in 1795, put an end to the long war in the Ohio valley. The Shaw- nee were obliged to give up their terri- tory on the Miami in Ohio, and retired to the headwaters of the Auglaize. The more hostile part of the tribe crossed the Mississippi and joined those living at Cape Girardeau. In 1798 a part of those in Ohio settled on White r. in Indiana, by invitation of the Delawares. A few years later a Shawnee medicine-man, Tenskwatawa, (q. v.), known as The Prophet, the brother of the celebrated Tecumseh (q. v.), began to preach a new doctrine among the various tribes of that region. His followers rapidly increased and established themselves in a village at the mouth of the Tippecanoe r. in Indiana. It soon became evident that his intentions were hostile, and a force was sent against him under Gen. Harri- son in 1811, resulting in the destruction of the village and the total defeat of the Indians in the decisive battle of Tippe- canoe. Tecumseh was among the Creeks at the time, endeavoring to secure their aid against the United States, and re- turned in time to take command of the N. W. tribes in the British interest in the War of 1812. The Shawnee in Missouri, who formed about half of the tribe, are said to have had no part in this strug- gle. By the death of Tecumseh in this war the spirit of the Indian tribes was broken, and most of them accepted terms of peace soon after. The Shawnee in Missouri sold their lands in 1825 and re- moved to a reservation in Kansas. A large part of them had previously gone to Texas, where they settled on the head- waters of the Sabine r., and remained there until driven out about 1839 (see Cherokee). The Shawnee of Ohio sold their remaining lands at Wapakoneta and Hog Creek in 1831, and joined those in Kansas. The mixed band of Seneca and Shawnee at Lewistown, Ohio, also re- moved to Kansas about the same time. A large part of the tribe left Kansas about 1845 and settled on Canadian r., Indian Ter. (Oklahoma), where they are now known as Absentee Shawnee. In 1867 the Shawnee living with the Seneca removed also from Kansas to the Territory and are now known as Eastern Shawnee. In 1869, by intertribal agreement, the main body became incorporated with the Cherokee Nation in the present Okla- homa, where they are now residing. Those known as Black Bob’s band re- fused to remove from Kansas with the others, but have since joined them. The Shawnee have 5 divisions, which may be regarded as phratries, or perhaps SHAWNEE [B. A. E. as originally distinct tribes, and the mem- bers of these divisions occupied different sides of the council house in their public assemblies. TheirnamesareChilahcahtha (Chillicothe), Kispokotha (Kispogogi), Spitotha (Mequachake?) , Bicowetha ( Pi- qua), and Assiwikale (Hathawekela). The villages of the tribe have generally _ taken their names from these divisions. The Woketamosi division mentioned by Heckewelder is probably one of these, but is not the Piqua. According to Morgan (Ane. Soc., 168, 1877) the Shawnee have 13 clans, as fol- lows: M’-wa-wii’, wolf; Ma-gwii’, loon; M’-kwii’, bear; We-wii/-see, buzzard; M’-se’-pa-se, panther; M’-ath-wa/, owl; Pa-la-wii’, turkey; Psake-the’, deer; Sha- pi-tai’, raccoon; Na-ma-thi’, turtle; Ma- na-to’, snake; Pe-sa-wii’, horse; Pi-tiike- e-no-the’, rabbit. The Turtle clan occu- pies an important place in their mytho- logic traditions. Ata conference in 1793 the Shawnee signed with thesnake totem. The early estimates of the numbers of the Shawnee are only partial, owing to the fact that the tribe was not united. The highest estimate given is that of 1817, which places them at 2,000 souls. Others are 1,750 (1732); 1,000 (1736); 1,500 (1759, 1765, 1778, 1783, 1794, 1812); 1,900 on Auglaize r. (1794); 1,600 (1812; one-half in Missouri). In 1909 the East- ern Shawnee numbered 107; the Absentee Shawnee 481; and those incorporated with the Cherokee Nation about 800, making, with a few individuals, resident Cherokee, a present total of about 1,400 for the tribe, a considerable decrease in the last twenty years. The following were the Shawnee vil- lages so far as recorded: Bulltown, Cata- wissa, Chillicothe (several), Conedogwi- nit, Cornstalk’s Town, Girty’s Town, Grenadier Squaw’s Town, Hog Creek, Ka- goughsage, Kickenapawling, Lewistown (with Mingos), Lick Town(?), Logstown (with others), Long Tail, Lowertown, Mequachake (several), Nawake(?), Old Shawnee Town, Peixtan(?), Pigeon Town, Piqua ( Pequea; several), Prophet’s Town, - Sawanogi, Scoutash, Shawneetown (IIl.), Sonnioto, Standing Stone, Tippecanoe, Wapakoneta, Will’s Town. (3. M.) Ani’-Sawanu’gi.—Mooney in 19th Rep. B. A. E., 509,1900 (Cherokee name). Cacahouanous.—Joutel (1687) in French, Hist. Coll. La., 1, 185, 1846 (iden- tical?). Cawala.—Dorsey, inf’n, 1886 (Sioux name for the Shawnee; applied also to a Teton division descended from an adopted Shawnee chief; c=sh). Cawana.—Dorsey, Dhegiha MS. dict., 1878; Osage MS. vocab., 1883, B. A. E. (Omaha, Ponca, and Osage name; c=sh). Chaganons.—Tonti (ca. 1680) in French, Hist. Coll. La., I, 69, 1846 (misprint). Chaguanos.—Alegre, Hist. Comp. Jesus, I, 336, 1841 (Spanish form). Chanousanons.—Letter of 1756 in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., X, 469, 1858 (misprint). Chaonanons.—Domenech, Deserts, I, 440, 1860 (mis- print). Chaoni.—Vater, Mith., pt. 3, sec. 3, 351, 1816. Chaouannons.—Montreal Conf. (1756) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., x, 506, 1858. Chaowanon.— Gravier (1670) in Jes. Rel., 111, 91, 1858. Chaoua- BULL. 30] nong.—Jes. Rel. 1672, 25, 1858. Chaouanonronon.— Charlevoix, Hist. Nouy. France, Shea trans., II, 175, note, 1868. Cha8anons,—Denonville (1688) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., 1x, 383,1855. Chaouanos.— La Tour map, 1782. Chaoitianoiia.—Gravier (1700) uoted by Shea, Early Voy., 120, 1861. haouans.—Hind, Lab. Penin., I, 5, 1863 (identi- cal?). Chaouennons.—Lamberville (1684) in N.Y. Doe. Col. Hist., 1x, 226, 1855. Chaouenon.,— Hennepin, Cont. of New Discoy., 34, 1698. Chaouens. —Ibid., 17. Chaounons. — Montcalm (1757) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., x, 554, 1858. Chaou- oinons. — Vaudreuil (1760), ibid., x, 1094, 1858. Chaovanons.—Crepy, map, ca. 1755. Chaovenon,— Hennepin, Cont. of New Discov., 48a, 1698. Chaowanons.—d’ Abbadie (1765) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., X, 1160, 1858. Charanons.—Shea, Rel. M. Miss., 28,1861 (misprint). Chasunous.—MclIntosh, Origin N. Am. Inds., 201, 1853 (misprint). Chaua- nons.—Doc. of 1668 quoted by French, Hist. Coll. La., 11, 137, 1875. Chauenese.—Colden (1764) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., vir, 624, 1856. Chauenous.— Chauvignerie (1736) quoted by Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 555, 1853. Chaunis.—Vater, Mith., pt. 8, sec. 3, 351, 1816. Chaunys.—Ann. de la Prop. de la Foi, u, 380, 1841. Chavanons.—Alcedo, Dic. Geog., 11, 630, 1787. Chavouanons.—Sheldon, Early Hist. Mich., 228, 1856. Chawanoes.—Coxe, Caro- lana, 12, 1741. Chawanons.—Doc. of 1759 in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., x, 974, 1858. Chawenons.—Vau- dreuil (1758, incorrectly 1759), ibid., 925. Cherer- mons.—Lamberville (1686), trans., ibid., 111, 488, 1853 (probably a misreading by the translator). Chiouanons.—Gallinée (1669) in Margry, Déc., I, 116, 1875. Chonanons.—Céloron (1749) in Rupp, West. Pa., 36, 1846 (misprint). Chouanongs.— Boudinot, Star in the West, 126, 1816. Chouanons.— Iberville (1702) in Margry, Déc., Iv, 519, 1880. Chouanous.—Vaugondy map, 1778. Chouenons.— Memoir of 1706 in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., 1x, 799, 1855. Chouesnons.—La Salle (1681) in Margry, Déc., 11, 159, 1877. Chuanoes.—Albany Conf. (1722) in N. Y. Doce. Col. Hist., v, 675, 1855. Chuoanous.— Marquette (ca.1673), Discov., 341, 1698. Ontwa- ganha.—For forms of this name, applied to the Shawnee, see Ontwaganha. Oshawanoag.—Tan- ner, Narr., 315, 1830 (Ottawa name). Ouchaoua- nag.—Jes. Rel. 1648, XX XIII, 151, 1898 (possibly identical). Ouchawanag.—Smith in Hist. Mag., Ist s., X, 1, 1866. Sabanoes.—MS. Doc. of 1835 in Texas State archives. Saguanés.—MS. Doc. of 1832 in Texas State archives (Spanish form). Sah-wau-noo.—Macauley, N. Y., 11, 166, 1829. San- tanas.—Drake, Tecumseh, 9-11, 1852 (misprint for Satanas). Sarannahs.—Archdaile (1707) quoted by Carroll, Hist. Coll. S. C., 0, 89, 1836 (misprint forSavannahs). Sarannas.—Archdale misquoted by Oldmixon (1708) in Carroll, ibid., 458. Sa- tanas.—Colden (1727), Five Nations, 23, 1747 (per- haps a misprint for Sabanas). Satans.—Rutten- ber, Tribes Hudson R., 181, 1872. Sauouans.—Ma- cauley, N. Y., 11,180,1829. Sauounons.—Ibid., 114. Sau-va-no-gee.—Hawkins (1799), Sketch, 25, 1848. Sauwanew.—Map of 1614in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., I, 1856 (here used asa collective term for the tribes on the Delaware s.of Manhattan id.). Sauwan- ous.—Alcedo, Dic. Geog., Iv, 525, 1788 (the Shaw- nee town with the Creeks) Sau-wa-no-gee, — Hawkins (1799), Sketch, 34, 1848 (applied more particularly to the Shawnee town incorporated with the Creeks). Savanahs,—Homann Heirs map, ca. 1730 (in Carolina). Savanaus.—Soc. Geog. Mex., 268, 1870. Savannahs.—Johnson (1708) in Rivers, S. C,, 236, 1856. Savannas.—Lawson (1709), Hist. Car., 75, 1860 (applied also to the Maskegon; on Lattré’s U. S. map of 1784 applied to the Shaw- nee among the Creeks). Savannechers. —Hay- wood, Tenn., 222, 1823. Savannehers.—Ibid., 223. Savannuca(s).—Bartram, Trav., 461-464, 1792 (the Shawnee band and town incorporated with the Creeks). Savanoes.—Drake, Tecumseh, 11-12, 1852. Savanore.—Randolph (1689) in Rivers, S. C., 448, - 1856 (‘‘the Savanore Town” on Savannah r.). Savanos,—Early Dutch writers cited by Ruttenber, Tribes Hudson R., 333, 1872 (here used as a collect- ive term for the tribes s. of Manhattan id. On page 51 Ruttenber quotes the form as Savanoos. The same form is used for the Shawnee on Savan- nah r, in 1715 by Barnwell (1715) in Rivers, Early Hist. S. C., 94. 1874). Sawala,—Riggs-Dorsey, Da- SHAWNEE 537 kota-Eng. Dict., 441, 1890 (Sioux, i. e. Teton Sioux name). Sawana,—Latiré map, 1784 (old Shawnee village on upper Potomac). Sawanee.— Drake, Bk. Inds., bk. 56, 68, 1848. Sawanees.—Putnam, Mid. Tenn., 365, 1859. Sawano,—Gatschet, Shaw- nee and Tonkawa MSS., B. A. E., 1884 (correct Shawnee form; plural, Sawandgi. The Tonkawa use the same name for the tribe, and also for the Delawares, because the two tribes live together). Sawandgi.—Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., 1, 143, 1884 (Creek form, applied more particularly to the Shawnee town incorporated with the Creeks). Sa-wd-no’-o-no,—Morgan, League Iroq., 268, 1851 (Seneca name). Sawanoos.—De Laet (1633) in Brinton, Lenape Leg., 31, 1885 (used not asa tribal, but as a collective term for the Indians living then on Delaware r. southward from Manhattan id.). Sawanos.—Barton, New Views, xxxii, 1798. Sawa’/nu-haka.—Gatschet, Tuscarora MS., 1885 (Tuscarora name). Sa-wa-nu/-ka.—ten Kate, Synonymie, 11, 1884 (Cherokee name). Sa-wan- wa.—Smith, Memoir of Fontaneda, 33, 47, 1854 (given as their own name; pl. Sa-wan-wa ki). Sa-wan-wa-kee.—Morgan, Consang. and Affin., 288, 1871. Sawonocas.—Creek talk (1798)in Am. St. Papers, Ind. Aff., 1, 383, 1832. Sa-wii-no-ki.—Gray- son, Creek MS. vocab., B.A. E., 1885 (Creek name). Sawwanew.—Map of 1614 cited by Brinton, Len- ape Leg., 30, 1885 (used locally to designate the Indians on Delaware r., southward from Manhat- tanid.). Sawwannoo,—Barton, New Views, xxxii, 1798. Sawwanoo.—Vater, Mith., pt. 3, sec. 3, 349, 1816. Schaouanos.—Duflot de Mofras, Oregon, 1, 379, 1844. Schavanna.—Albany Conf. (1737) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., v1, 103, 1855. Schaveno.—Ibid., 99. Schawanese.—Gtissefeld, map, 1784. Schawan- no.—Heckewelder (1798) in Barton, New Views, app., 3, 1798. Scha,wan,ooes.—Clinton (1750) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., v1, 548, 1855. Schawenoes.— Albany Conf. (1737), ibid., 105. Schawenons,—Ann. de la Prop. de la Foi, 111, 569, 1828. Schawnoah.— La Tour map,1779. Serannas.—Hewatt quoted by Gallatin in Trans. Am. Antiq. Soc., II, 66, 1836 (misprint for Savannas). Sewanne,— Putnam, Mid. Tenn., 365, 1859. Shamanese.—La Tour map, 1782 (misprint: ‘‘Old Shamanese Town,”’ about opposite Wyoming, Pa.). Shanaws.— Homann Heirsmap,1756. Shannoahs.—Washington (1753), Jour., 21, 1865. Shanoas.—Ibid. Shanwans,. — Schuyler (1694) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., rv, 98, 1854, Shaonois.—Evans (1707) in Day, Penn., 391, 1843. Shaononons.—Boudinot, Star in the West, 100, 1816. Shauanos.—Smith in Beach, Ind. Miscel., 120, 1877. Shaunas.—Croghan (1760) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 4th s., 1x, 246, 1871. Shauwaunoes.—Brainerd (1746) in Day, Penn., 526, 1843. Shavanos.—Post (1758) in Proud, Pa. II, app., 129, 1798. Shaw.—Vater, Mith., pt. 3, sec. 3, 247, 1816 (mistake?). Shawahahs.—Living- ston (1717) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist.,v, 486, 1855 (the Shawnees seem to be designated). Shawana,— Lewney (ca. 1760) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll.,4ths., v, 437, 1861. Shawanahaac.—Doc. of 1788 quoted by Mayer, Logan and Cresap, 67, 1867. Shawanahs.— Lindesay (1751) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., vr. 706, 1855. Shawanapi.—Squier in Beach, Ind. Miscel., 29, 1877. Shawanaws.—Dalton (1783) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1st s., X, 123, 1809. Shawane.— Croghan (1754) in Rupp, West. Pa., app., 51, 1846 (‘Lower Shawanetown’’). Shawanees,—Rec- ords (1751) in Day, Penn., 525,1848. Shawaneise,— Johnson (1757) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., vir, 279, 1856. Shawanese.—Penn. Records (1701) in Day, Penn., 390, 1843. Shawanesse.—Proud, Pa., II, 296, 1798. Shawaneu.—Gallatin in Drake, Te- cumseh, 9, 1852. Shawanies.—Campbell (1761) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 4th s., 1x, 4238, 1871. Shawanna.—Penn’s Treaty (1701) in Proud, Pa., I, 428, 1797. Shawannohs,—Quoted by Brinton, from Smith’s Fontaneda, in Hist. Mag., Ist s., xX, 1, 1866. Shawannos.—Vater, Mith., pt. 3, sec. 8, 245, 1816. Shdwano-Algonkins.—Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., I, 143, 1884. Shawanoes.—Doc. of 1692 in Ruttenber, Tribes Hudson R., 180-181, 1872. Shawanewese.—Brown, West. Gaz., 289, 1817. Shawanese.— Ibid., 326. Shawanoh.—Adair, Am. Inds., 155, 1775. Shawanois.—Penn. Records(1707) in Day, Penn., 391, 1843. Shawanons.—De Smet, Letters, 38, 1843. Shawanos.—Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., I, 148, 1884 (applied to the settlement 538 among the Creeks). Shawano’s,—Ft Johnson Conf. (1756) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., vil, 214, 1856. Shawanose.—Loskiel, Hist. Miss. Unit. Breth., pt. 1,2,1794. Shawanous.—McKenney and Hall, Ind. Tribes, III, 79, 1854. Shawanowi.—Walam Olum (1833) in Brinton, Lenape Leg., 204, 1885. Shawans.—Schuyler (ca.1693) in Ruttenber, Tribes Hudson R., 180-181, 1872. Shawenoes,—Albany Conf. (1737) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., v1, 107, 1855. Shawnees.—Stuart (1775) in Gibbes, Doc. Hist. Am. Rey., I, 160, 1855. Shawneese.—Camp- bell (1761) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 4th s., 1x, 424, 1871. Shawnese.—Croghan (1750) in Rupp, West. Pa., app., 28, 1846. Shawnesse.—Croghan (1765) in Monthly Am. Jour. Geog., 257, 1831. Shawneys.—Cowley (1775) in Archives of Md., Journal of the Md. Convention, 94, 1892. Shawno,—Mandrillon, Spectateur Américain, map, 1785. Shawnoah.—Morse, N. Am., map, 1798. Shawnoes.—Esnauts and Rapilly map, 1777. Sha- wonese.—Thomas (1745) in Rupp, West. Pa., app., 24, 1846. Shawoniki.—Rafinesque, Am. Na- tions, I, 139, 1886 (Delaware name). Shawonoes.— Pike, Tray., 102, 1811. Shaw-un-oag.—Warren (1852) in Minn. Hist. Soc. Coll., v, 32, 1885. Showammers.—New York Conf. (1753) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., v1, 782, 1855. Showanhoes,—Liv- ingston (1711), ibid., v, 272, 1855. Showannees,— Clarkson (1694), ibid., Iv, 90, 1854. Showannoes,— Clarkson (1693), ibid., 48. Showanoes.—Schuyler (1694), ibid., 96. Showonese.—Weiser (1748) in Rupp, West. Pa., app., 14, 1846. Showonoes.—Liv- ingston (1700) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., Iv, 651, 1854. Shwanoes.—Castor Hill Treaty (1832) in U. S. Ind. Treaties, 377, 1873. Sirinueses.—Barcia, Ensayo, 313, 1723 (probably identical). Sowanakas,— Woodward, Remin., 94, 1859. Sowanokas.—Ibid., 25. Sowanokees. —Ibid.,29. Sow-on-no, — Whip- ple, Pac. R. R. Rep., UI, pt. 3, 61, 1856 (pl. Sow- on-o-ki). Suwanoes.—De Laet (1683) in Vater, Mith., pt. 3, see. 3, 349, 1816 (used here as a col- lective name for the tribes southward from Man- hattan id.). Toagenha.—For forms of this name as applied to the Shawnee, see Ontwaganha. Shawnee Cabins. A prominent landmark on the traders’ trail between Rays Town (Bedford, Pa.) and the Ohio r. in the 18th century, situated 8 m. w. of the site of Bedford and not far from the present Schellburg. It was first settled by the Shawnee as they came northward from the Potomac early in the 18th century, and was a well-known point on the In- dian trail when the traders of Pennsylva- nia commenced to visit the Ohio. James Le Tort was perhaps the first trader to go westward over this route, having tray- ersed it as early as 1701; in 1712 he was granted a license as a trader by the Pro- vincial Council (Col. Rec. Pa., 11, 562, 1852). Conrad Weiser passed through in 1748 on his way to Logstown (ibid., v, 348, 1851). The locality is noted on all early maps of Pennsylvania and is mentioned in nearly all the traders’ journals. (G. P. D.) Shawana Cabbins.—John Harris (1754) in Arch. Pa., II, 135, 1852. Shawane Cabbins.—Scull map, 1759. Shawanoe Cabbins.—Hutchins map, 1764. Shawo- meee Cabbins.—Weiser (1748) in Arch. Pa., I, 13, 1852. Shawnee haw. A North Carolina name for the possum haw, Viburnum nudum. Shawnee Prophet. See Tenskwatawa. Shawnee salad. The leaves of Hydro- phyllum macrophyllum, which are eaten as ‘‘greens’’ in the W. in early spring. Shawneetown. A Shawnee village on the w. bank of the Ohio r., about the present Shawneetown, Gallatin co., Ll. SHAWNEE CABINS—SHECOMECO [B. A. E. ‘Putnam (Mid. Tenn., 365, 1859) says the tribe occupied it after being driven from Cumberland r. by the Chickasaw. It was situated within the limits of the ter- ritory ceded by the Piankashaw to the U.S. by the Vincennes treaty of Dec. 30, 1805, but was already abandoned at the time of Croghan’s visit in 1765. Old Shawnesse Village.—Croghan (1765) in Thwaites, Early West. Trav., I, 136, 1904. Shawa- nee town.—Cuming, Tour, 241, 1810. Shawneetown. A small settlement be- tween Sayre, Pa., and Waverly, N. Y., occupied a short time by a few Shawnee families. Town of Shawnee.—Proc. Wyo. Hist. and Geol. Soc., 1X, 203, 1905. Shawnee wood. Catalpa speciosa. Shawomet (‘neck of land’). A former village of the Wampanoag near the pres- ent Somerset, Bristol co., Mass. Mishawomet. — Drake, Ind. Chron., 157, 1836. Mshawomet.—Holden (1643) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 3d s., I, 6, 1825. Shawamet.—Barber, Hist. Coll., 189, 1889. Shewamett.—Cole (1670) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., Ist s., VI, 211, 1800. Showamet.— Hazard, ibid., 2d s., v1, 507, 1815. Shawomet. A former village of the Nar- raganset near the present Warwick, Kent Cor, Reels Mishowomett.—Williams (1658) in R. I. Col. Rec., I, 391, 1856. Shaomet.—Hubbard (1680)in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 2d s., VI, 507, 1815. Shawomet.—Warner (1644) in R. I. Col. Ree., I, 140, 1856. Shawomut.— Jones, Ind. Bul., 16, 1867. Showomut.—Arnold (1651) in R. 1. Coll. Ree., 1, 234, 1856. Shaya. The Squirrel clan of the Yuchi, ave Caya.—Speck, Yuchi Inds., 70, 1909 (e=sh). Shaytee’s Village (She’-te, ‘pelican’.— Gerard). A former village, probably Pota- watomi, named from a chief, on Fox r., Ill., on a tract of land sold in 1888. She. A prehistoric ruined pueblo of the compact, communal type, situated about 5 m.s. of Galisteo, in Santa Fé co., N. Mex. The Tano claim that it was a village of their tribe. Pueblo de Shé.—Bandelier in Ritch, N. Mex., 201, 1885. Shé.—Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, Iv, 106, 1892. Sheaksh (‘new water’). A Niskavillage site on the s. bank of Nass r., Brit. Col., 5 m. above the canyon, at the mouth of a stream that came into existence after the eruption that is visible at this point. Several modern fishing houses mark the site. (a. T. BE.) Shecalamy. See Shikellamy. Shecarachweschgue. See Sequidongquee. Shecomeco (‘great village,’ from kitchi ‘great,’ ‘superior,’ comoco ‘land’ with definite boundaries, hence ‘settlement,’ ‘house,’ etc.—Gerard). A village be- longing to the Wawyachtonoe division of the Mahican, situated about 2 m. s. of the present Pine Plains, Dutchess co., N. Y. The Moravians established a mis- sion there in 1740, but in 1746 the Indians removed to Friedenshuetten, and after- ward to Gnadenhuetten. A western name for BULL. 30] Chic’/omi’co.—Trumbull, Ind. Names Conn., 66, 1881, Chi/-cd-mi’-co.—Connolley in Heckewelder, Narr., 117, 1907 (Indian pronunciation). Shaco- mico.—Ruttenber, Tribes Hudson R., 86. 1872. Shecomeco.—Inscription (1746) quoted by Rupp, Northampton Co., 82, 1845. Shecomeka.—Hecke- welder (1740-1808), Narr., 117, 1907. Shekomeko.— Loskiel, Hist. Miss. Unit. Breth., pt. 2, 9, 1794. Shicomiko.—Trumbull, op. cit., 67. : Shediac. A Micmac village or band in 1670 at the present Shediac, on the £. coast of New Brunswick. Chedaik.— Vaudreuil (1755) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., x, 359, 1858. Gediak.— Frye (1760) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1st s., x, 115, 1809. Jediuk.— Stiles (1761), ibid., 116. Sheethltunne ((Ce-%¢l-jéimn?). A band or village of the Chastacosta on the n. bank of Rogue r., Oreg.; or perhaps the Tak- elma village on the opposite bank.—Dor- sey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 1, 254, 1890. Shegoashkwu. The Yurok name of a Karok village below Orleans Bar, Kla- math r., N. w. Cai. Shehees. A band, probably of the Cala- pooya, mentioned by Ross (Advent., 236, 1849). Sheheké, Shekeke. See Shahaka. Shekallamy, Shekellamy. See lamy. Shell, Shellwork. Shell was a favorite material with the aborigines all over America for the manufacture of imple- ments, utensils, and ornaments; and shells in their natural state or merely notched or perforated for attachment were, on account of their beauty of form and color (Marginella, Olivella, Natica, etc.), extensively used for personal em- bellishment. Among the tribes n. of Shikel- SPOON OF UNIO SHELL; OHIO Cup MADE OF CONCH ituinois (1-6) SHELL; Mexico clam and mussel shells ( Venus, Mya, Anodon, Unio, etc.) served for cups and spoons, were hafted for scraping and digging, and worked up into fish- hooks, knives, and other minor imple- ments. The large conchs (Strombus, Cassis, Fulgur, etc.) were used as drink- ing vessels after the interior portions had been removed, «and in Florida they were hafted as clubs and picks. In many sec- tions the thick walls were cut up to be shaped by tedious processes of scraping, grinding, and drilling with stone tools into celts, adzes, gouges, scrapers, and plummets. Ornaments of shell were ex- ceedingly varied in form, and the clam, unio, conch, and many of the larger shells in the E., and like forms, and more especially the beautiful abalone (Hali- otis) of the Pacific coast, were cut up, SHEDIAC—SHELL 539 trimmed, ground, and polished and per- forated for beads, pins, pendants, and breastplates or gorgets. The column of the conch was cut up into sections and ground down into rude beads. Much skill was shown in boring these, and cylinders 3 in. or more in length were periorated longitudinally by means of drills of un- known make. Along the Atlantic coast SKIN CLOAK DECORATED WITH DESIGNS WORKED OUT IN SMALL SHELLS; VIRGINIA INDIANS clam shells ( Venus mercenaria) were made into small cylindrical beads, which were- strung as necklaces and woven into belts, and in colonial times served as a medium oi exchange (see Wampum). A most in- teresting exampleof the use of small shells for ornament is given by Tylor (Internat. Archiy f. Ethnog., 1, 215, 1888) and Bush- nell (Am. Anthr., Ex, 30-59, 1907). It is a deerskin mantle, on which figures of a man and two quadru- peds, accompanied by a number of round figures, are worked in margi- nella shells. The specimen has been in English hands for upward of 250 years, and was ob- tained by early colonists from the Pow- hatan Indians. Bivalve shells from the Pacific coast, and also possibly from the Gulf of Mexico, were much used by the tribes of the Pueblo region for various ornaments, and especially for beads, which were very highly prized. SHELL CELT; FLORIDA (4-4) 540 Some of the objects were neatly carved, the frog being frequently imitated in pen- dant ornaments. Dentalium shells were strung as beads by the coast tribes, and PORTIONS OF SHELLS USED FOR ORNAMENTS AND IMPLEMENTS formed an important article of trade with those of theinterior. On the Pacific coast the larger varieties of clam shell (Tivela, Saxidomus) were employed in the manu- USE OF THE COLUMN OF THE CONCH SHELL facture of beads and other objects, and the abalone was in universal demand for personal ornaments; and baskets and other objects of use and ornament were decked with pendants made of it. This shell was in very general use for settings and inlay- ing, and was and is em- ployed for these pur- poses with excellent ef- fect by the tribes of the N. W. coast. SHELL PINS; TENNESSEE MOUNDS (a, 1-2, Fae) The oper- cule of a spe- cies of Turbinide (Pachypoma inequale) was also used in like manner by the tribes of the N. W. coast. Probably the most effective and im- portant ornaments of shell employed by MANNER OF BORING SHELL BEADS the mound-building tribes were disks, highly polished, carved, or engraved with designs, and suspended on the chest or from the ears. The designs on these are SHELL [B. A. B. especially noteworthy, many being evi- dently symbolic and depicting serpents, birds, spiders, dancing figures in elabo- rate costume, etc. Some of these, found in mounds in the middle Mississippi val- ley region, have designs closely resem- MAKING SHELL BEADS, CALIFORNIA INDIANS bling Mexican work, although undoubt- edly of local manufacture. Shells and objects made of shell served as an important feature of trade between the coast and inland tribes, and in many localities were used as money. Theconch SHELL BEADS FROM GEORGIA mounps (1-2) shells of the Atlantic coast and the Gulf of Mexico are found in mounds in the upper Mississippi valley, and even in Manitoba, and shells from the Pacific were in common use as far inland as the Rocky mts. We learn from historical WAMPUM BELT; ONONDAGA sources that some varieties of shell, in- cluding the conch, were employed by the natives of the E., 8., and S. W. for trum- pets, and also on occasion in ceremony and as votive offerings. Fossil shells, ‘ BULL. 30] many of which are quite equal in beauty of form and color to the living species, were much prized by the Indians; they served as fetishes and charms, and are SHELL PENDANTS: a, NEW YORK; 6, ARIZONA (1-2) found on altars or shrines and in the kits of medicine-men. Some varieties of shell, especially those derived from the sea, ap- pear to have had special significance with SHELL PENDANTS WITH ENGRAVED Desians (a, DIAM. 4 1-4 IN.; b, TENNESSEE, 1-6 the tribes of the far interior. They were buried with the dead, or were sacrificed on altars and before shrines. Beads and other ornaments of shell, and like forms made in imita- tion of shell, were manufac- tured for trade by the whites, and are still in common use by the tribes of the farthest inland. (See Beads, Peag, Roanoke, Runtee, Sewan, Wampum. ) Consult Ann. Archzeol. Reps. Ontario, 1888-1907; Beauchamp in Bull. N. Y. State Mus., 8, no. 41; Beverley, Virginia, 1705; Dixon in Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., xvul, pt. 3, 1905; Dunning quoted by Put- nam in 5th Rep. Peabody Mus., 1872; Fewkes (1) in 22d Rep. B. A. E., 1903, (2) in Am. Anthr., 1x, Noy. 1896; Fowke, Archeol. Hist. Ohio, 1902: Goddard in Univ. Cal. Pub., Am. Archeol. and Ethnol., 1, no. 1, 1903; Holmes in 2d Rep. B. A. E., 1883; C. C. Jones, Antiq. So. Inds., 1873; J. Jones in Smithson. Cont. Knowl., xxu, 1876; Lawson, Hist. Carolina, 1714; Moore, various memoirs in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.; Moorehead, Prehist. Impls., 1900; Pow- ers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 11, 1877; Put- nam in Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., xx1v, 1890; Rau (1) in Smithson. Rep. 1874, 1875, (2) Archzeol. Coll. Nat. Mus., 1876; SHELL PENDANTS; CALIFORNIA SHELL-HEAPS 541 Sapir in Am. Anthr., rx, no. 2, 1907; Schooleraft, Indian Tribes, 1851-54; Schu- macher in Peabody Mus. Reps.; Stearns in Nat. Mus. Rep. 1887, 1889; Thomas in 12th Rep. B. A. K., 1894; Thruston, Antiq. of Tenn., 1897; Tooker, Algonq. Ser., rv, 16, 17, 25, 1901; Roger Williams in R. I. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1, 133, 1827; Woodward, Wampum, 1878; Wyman(1)in Am. Nat., 1, nos. 8, 9, 1868, (2) in Mem. Peabody Acad. Sci., 1, no. 4, 1875; Yarrow in G. and G. Surv. West of 100th Merid., vir, 1879. (w. H. H.) Shell-heaps. A term applied to de- posits of refuse resulting from the con- sumption of shellfish as food. Kindred deposits, known ordinarily as ‘‘kitchen middens,’’ accumulate on all inhabited sites, and are among the most widely dis- tributed and permanent remains left by primitive peoples. For these reasons, and because they necessarily contain examples of almost every variety of the durable handiwork of the peoples concerned in theiraccumulation, they are of the highest value to the student of prehistoric times. The percentage of waste resulting from the consumption of shellfish, such as oys- ters, clams, mussels, and conchs, is very great, and the accumulations on many sites are so extensive as to excite the wonder of those who encounter them for the first time. The deposits, however, are not always mere random accumula- tions, for during the period of deposition, and subsequently, the materials have been utilized in the erection of mounds for resi- dence and defense and as depositories for the dead (see Mounds). Many of the most notable shell-moundsare the resultof long periods of gradual deposition and building, during which they served alternately for residence and burial, and, in the S., per- haps also as sites for temples and fortifica- tions. Since the occupancy of the country by the whites, the destruction of these de- posits of shell has gone forward with great rapidity. They have been burned for lime and for fertilizer; have been used in vast quantities for the building of roads, as at St Augustine, Mobile, and New Orleans, and have been leveled by the plow on innumerable sites. The most extensive deposits of shell refuse are found along the salt-water shores, and especially within tidewater bays, rivers, and inlets where the clam, and especially the oyster, abound, and in in- land valleys where the fresh-water mol- lusks, the mussel, vivipara, etc., thrive. Along some of the shores they are almost continuous formany miles, but, asa rule, they do not extend very far back from the landing places. Deposits covering 10 or even 20 acres are not uncom- mon, but the depth is usually not great save over limited areas, where they rise frequently to 20 feet, and in cases to 30 542 feet or more. Though sometimes ap- proximately homogeneous throughout, there are generally evidences of stratifi- cation in the greater deposits, and layers of earth and other refuse are intercalated with the shells. In some cases the lower strata are in an advanced stage of decay, indicating the lapse of a long period of time since their deposition. The cultural contents of the normal middens furnish a very striking record of the arts and industries, habits, and cus- toms of the tribes concerned in their accu- mulation. Ordinary implements ofstone, bone, shell, wood, and metal are embed- ded with the shells, and it is not unu- sual to encounter at various levels traces of ancient lodge sites, each marked by a central fireplace encircled by accumula- tions of dark earth and ridges of shell refuse. Lodge-site depressions are also traceable on the surface of the heaps where the plow has not effaced them. It is observed that in some of the deposits re- mains of art are rare or apparently absent, while in others of equal size and possibly greater antiquity artifacts are plentiful. Fragmentary earthenware is abundant in many of the heaps of eastern United States and usually corresponds somewhat closely with that of the village sites of the general region; but in the salt-water accumula- tions the pottery is often exceptionally rude in make. This may be measurably accounted for on the theory that the shell-heap sites were in many cases not permanent abodes and that inferior ves- sels were constructed for local and tem- porary use. The shell-heaps of New England, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward id. are numerous and cover con- siderable areas, but usually have no great depth. (See Peninsular —Shellmound, Whaleback Shellmound.) They contain shells of several varieties, including the oyster to a limited extent, the common clam (Mya arenaria), the quahog ( Venus mercenaria), the scallop, the mussel, the cockle, the whelk, and other varieties (Chase, Mercer, Morse, Rau, Wyman). The deposits include vast numbers of the simple implements, utensils (including some pottery), and ornaments of the tribes, and these are well represented in the collections of the Peabody Museum, the American Museum of Natural His- tory, and the National Museum. The theory that the Eskimo formerly occupied the coast as far s. as Maine has led to the search for definite traces of this people in the shell-heaps, but so far no decisive evidence has been obtained. The shell- heaps.of New York and New Jersey closely resemble those of New England, and have been described by Abbott, Leidy, Rau, and Tooker. Those of Mary- SHELL-HEAPS [B. A. E. land, Virginia, and the Carolinas are nu- merous and extensive. The oyster-shell deposits at Popes cr. on the Potomac, for example, cover 30 acres or more, and were 15 ft in depth over a considerable area before the removal of shells for fertilizing purposes began (Holmes, Reynolds). Equally important deposits occur along the shores of the Chesapeake, as at Still pond, on the eastern shore (Jordan). A mound situated on Stallings id. in the Savannah r., below Augusta, Ga., affords an excellent illustration of the use of midden deposits in the construction of burial mounds. It is described as 15 ft in height and 120 by 300 ft in horizontal extent; as consisting of mussel, clam, and snail (Paludina) sheils, and as containing hundreds of skeletons deposited in suc- cessive layers (C. C. Jones). The shell- heaps of the Georgia coast are not par- ticularly noteworthy, but the coast of Florida abounds in these deposits, those at Turtle mound, Charlotte Harbor, and Cedar Keys being of gigantic proportions. Those along the Atiantic coast of the peninsula are composed chiefly of oyster shells; but on the w. coast, besides the oys- ter there are several genera of the conchs, including Busycon, Strombus, Fulgur, Fas- ciolaria, and other shells ( Brinton, Cush- ing, Moore, Wyman). One mound on Tampa bay is upward of 30 ft in height aid covers an island of 8 acres in extent. The deposits of the northern margin of the gulf. in Louisiana and Mississippi, described by Foster, Lyell, Moore, Van- uxem, and others, include, besides the oyster, particularly the clam (Gnathodom cuneatus). The inland fresh-water shell-heaps of Florida are composed of distinct genera of shells—Ampullaria, Paludina, Unio, ete. On St Johns r. a fresh-water snail ( Vivipara georgiana) is everywhere the principal, and in many cases the almost exclusive, species. Many of the depos- its are of great size, although they are accumulations of kitchen refuse pure and simple. The mound at Bluffton has 30 acres of shells and reaches a height of 25 ft above the river level (Moore). Mount Taylor and others are of nearly equal importance. All contain examples of such artifacts of stone, shell, bone, and metal as were used by the shell- heap people. Stoneimplementsare rather rare, and pottery occurs in considerable quantities in most of the deposits, espe- cially on and near the surface. Many of the shell-heaps, especially of Florida, pre- sent the appearance of great age, and the growth on them of live oaks of the largest size indicates that the deposits had reached their present dimensions before, perhaps long before, the discovery of America. It is also noted that the shells at the lower BULL, 30] levels have become consolidated, and that bones embedded with them have lost their organic matter (Wyman), conditions in- dicative of very considerable age. Great age is also suggested by changes in the river courses, the erosion of bluffs, and the formation of swamps since the period of the midden accumulation, as well as by changes in the character of the shells themselves. Dr VPilsbry, discussing the bearing of the observed faunal changes on the question of antiquity, states that there was a marked change in the characteris- tics of the shells during the period of for- mation of certain of the shell-fields. At the lower levels in the Juniper cr. mounds, SHELL-HEAPS 543 Mr Moore states that in the shell- mounds he has observed no evidetice of a succession of distinct peoples or widely variant cultures; that certain of the great mounds contain no pottery whatever; that in others pottery-making came in during the period of their accumulation, while in still others earthenware is dis- tributed in somewhat varying forms with the different layers from base to summit. There is, he believes, satisfactory evidence of progress in culture, and, withal, evi- dence of great age, not, however, of a nature to lead to the belief that the occupancy of Florida extended to a pre- vious geological period. As a result of SHELL-HEAP, POPES CREEK, MD., AS EXCAVATED FOR FERTILIZING PURPOSES. for example, a dominant species of the shells used is the normal Vivipara geor- giana. Near the surface a divergent form (altior) appears and prevails. Atanother point a variety known as limnothauma appears, the most strongly characterized individuals being at or near the surface. **We have no definite standards whereby to measure the time required for the evo- lution of new species or varieties and their establishment as dominant local forms; but judging by the amount of change in the mollusca since the deposition of such post-Glacial deposits as the Loess, we can not escape the conclusion that a long pe- riod is indicated.’”,—H. A. Pilsbry, ina letter addressed to Clarence B. Moore, in response to inquiries. 100 YARDS BACK FROM THE BLUFF FACE the investigations of Wyman and Moore an estimate of a thousand years may safely be given as a minimum for the occupancy of Florida by the aborigines. The shell-heaps of the rivers flowing into the Gulf on the n., and those of the eastern tributaries of the Mississippi, are numerous and extensive. They are com- posed of the local fresh-water shells, especially the mussels (Unio) and snails (Paludina), and contain characteristic art remains of the region, and in very many cases the osseous remains of the vertebrate animals utilized for food. On the Ten- nessee and Cumberland rs., especially in their middle courses, are extensive deposits that reach a depth of 10 ft or more. They have not been adequately 544 studied and described, but have received casual attention by a number of authors (Foster, Maximilian, Stelle, Lyell, Mac- Lean, Thruston, Jos. Jones, Thomas, Mc- Whorter). Midden deposits do not occur to any great extent about the shores of the Great Lakes or along the rivers of the middle west and the Rocky mtn. region, but are numerous and important on the Pacific coast. Between s. California and PARTIAL SECTION OF THE POPES CREEK SHELL-HEAP, SHOWING THE UNIFORM CHARACTER OF THE SHELLS Alaska the shells are the mussel, oyster, clam, haliotis, nautilus, and other less con- spicuous varieties (Bancroft, Dall, Eells, Schumacher, Yarrow, Yates, and authors in Univ. Cal. Pub. in Am. Archeeol. and Ethnol. ). The shell-heaps of Alaska have been described by Dall and are remarkable as representing 3 successive periods of occu- pancy: the first, designated the littoral period, is characterized by the almost ex- clusive use of the Echinus drébachiensis SHEMAUKAN [B. A. E. and the absence of human handiwork; the second is called the fishing period, the deposits being composed largely of fish bone and containing traces of very primitive forms of stoneimplements; and the third is called the hunting period, in which the food supply was much varied, including prominently the game animals of the region, the culture having ap- proached that of the Alaskan tribes of the historic period. Thedeposits are numer- ous, but do not compare in extent with those of the more southerly shores. Dr Dall, weighing the evidence carefully, reaches the conclusion that a period ap- proximating 3,000 years is represented. Consult Abbott, Prim. Indust., 1881; Bancroft, Native Races, v, 1882; Brinton, Floridian Peninsula, 1859; A. W. Chase, Oregon Shell Mounds (MS. in B. A. E.); H. E. Chase in Smithson. Rep. 1882, 1884; Cushing in Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., xxv, 1896; Dall in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 1, 1877; Fewkes in Am. Antiq., xv111, 1896; Foster, Prehist. Races, 1878; Holmes in Am. Anthr., rx, no. 1, 1907; C. C. Jones, Antiq. So. Inds., 1873; J. M. Jones in Foster’s Prehist. Races, 1878; Jordan in The Archeologist, 1, 1895; Le Baron in Smithson. Rep. 1882, 1884; Lyell, Second Visit to the U. S., 1849; Matthew in Bull. Nat. Hist. Soc. New Brunswick, no. 1, 1884; McGuire in Trans. Anthr. Soc. Wash., 1880; McLean in Smithson. Rep. 1882, 1884; McWhorter inSmithson. Rep. 1874, 1875; Mercer in Pub. Univ. Pa., v1, 1897; Moore, (1) various memoirs in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1894-1910, (2) in Am. Nat., xxvi, no. 311, 1892; Nelson in Univ. Cal. Pub., Am. Arch. and Eth., vu, nos. 4-5, 1909-1910; Peale in Smithson. Rep. 1872, 1873; Rau in Smith- son. Rep. 1864, 1865, and in Smithson. Cont., xxv, 1884; Reynolds in Trans. Anthr. Soc. Wash., 1880, and in Am. Anthr., 1, no. 3, 1889; Schumacher in Smithson. Rep. 1874, 1875;Smith in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., rv, Anthr. ser. 11, 1903; Stelle in Smithson. Rep. 1870, 1871; Thomas in 12th Rep. B. A. E., 1894; Thruston, Antiq. Tenn., 1897; Vanuxem in Proc. Am. Asso. Geol., 2d sess. 1841, 1843; Wyman (1) in Am. Nat., 11, nos. 8 and 9, 1868, (2) in Mem. Peabody Acad. Sci., 1, no. 4, 1875; Yarrow in Surv. W. 100th Merid., vir, 1879. (w. H. H.) Shemaukan (Shimdgin, ‘lance,’ ‘sword.’—Gerard). The largest of the Cree bands in 1856, at which period they occupied 350 tipis. They roamed and hunted in the Cypress and Prickly-pear mts., s. w. Assiniboia, Canada, but occa- sionally visited Missouri r. for trade. They took their name from a chief, oth- erwise known as The Lance. i She-mau-kdu.—Hayden, Ethnog. and Philol, Mo, Val., 237, 1862 (misprint). _ BULL. 30] Shemps. A Squawmish village com- munity on the left bank of Squawmisht r., Brit. Col. ti ee tont in Rep. Brit. A. A. S., 474, 1900 Shenango. The name ofseveral Indian settlements, widely separated in situation. One was on the n. bank of the Ohio r., a short distance below the site of the present Economy, Beaver co., Pa., and at one time was an important trading-post, but after the capture of Ft Duquesne and the erection of Ft Pitt by the English in 1758, it gradually lost its importance, and early in the Revolutionary war it was wholly abandoned. It was at this place, called by them Logs Town, that Weiser and Croghan held in 1748 the first treaty with the western Indians, which appar- ently led to Céloron’s expedition to the Ohio in the following year. This French expedition awakened . Virginia to the great importance of retaining possession of the Ohio country; her activity in this direction in turn resulted in the French and Indian war six years later. In 1749 Céloron, with his expedition to the Ohio, found about 50 lodges there, while Bonne- camps estimated 80, occupied by “ Iro- quois, Shawnee, and Loups; also Iroquois from the Sault St Louis and Lake of the Two Mountains, with some Nippissin- gues, Abenakis, and Ottawas.’’ Bonne- camps says that ‘‘ we called it Chiningué, from its vicinity to a river of that name.” At the time of this expedition it had been established for only 5 or 6 years, and was occupied almost wholly by Iroquois. General Wayne with his ‘‘ Legion of the United States’’ encamped on its site from Noy. 1792 to Apr. 20, 1793, from which fact it became known as Legionville. Probably following the Nuremberg map of 1756, Mitchell’s map of 1755, and D’ Anyille’s map of about 1775, the name was applied to the site of Warren, Pa., a place on which Céloron found a village called Kananouangon (Conewango) with 12 or 13 cabins (N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., x, 249, 1858). Parkman makes the state- ment that at different times in the Ohio valley there have been 3 distinct villages called Shenango: one situated at the junc- tion of the Conewango and the Allegheny, then the first one described above, and the third; some distance up the Big Beaver, near the Kuskuski of Hutchins’ map of 1764, on which it is written Shaningo, being about 60 m. from Ft Pitt (Jes. Rel., Thwaites ed., Lxrx, note 40, 1900). Shenango is also a form of Chenango (q. v.), the name of a former Iroquois town in Broome co., N. Y., situated on -Chenango r., 4m. above its junction with the Susquehanna, and which was evacu- ated and partly burned by the Indiansin the winter of 1778-79. It contained about 3456°—Bull. 30, pt 2—07 35 SHEMPS—SHESHEQUIN 545 20 cabins. Halsey (Old N. Y. Frontier, 276, map, 1901) locates two villages where only one has hitherto been recognized as Shenango, the one on the Chenango r. about 4 m. above, and the other just be- low its junction with the Susquehanna. Theone he writes Otseningo, and the other Ochenang on the map and Chenang in the text. See Logstown. (J.N.B.H.) Chenang.—Halsey, Old New York Frontier, 276, 1901. Chenango.—Jes. Rel., Thwaites ed., index, item Logstown, 1900. Cheningo.—McKendry in Jour. Mil. Exped. Maj. Gen. Sullivan (1779), 202, 1887 (Chenango, N. Y., site). Cheningué.—Mitch- ell, map (1755), cited in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., xX, 249, 1858 (Warren site). Chinango.—Beatty in Jour. Mil. Exped. Maj. Gen. Sullivan (1779), 24, 1887 (Chenango, N. Y., site). Chingué.—Jes. Rel., Thwaites ed., index, item Logstown, 1900. Kananouangon.—Bonnecamps (1749) in Jes. Rel., ibid., LXIx, 165, 1900 (Conewango= Warren site). Legionville.—Ibid., index, item Logstown. Oche- nang.—Halsey, Old New York Frontier, map, 1901. Shaningo.—Bouquet, Exped. (1764), 149, and map, 1868 (Beaver cr. site). Shenango.—Jes. Rel., Thwaites ed., index, item Logstown. Ze- ninge.—Loskiel, Hist. Miss. United Brethren, pt. 1m, 8, 1794 (Chenengo, N. Y.,.site). For other synonyms, see Chenango and Logstown. Shennosquankin. One of the 3 bands of Similkameen Okinagan in British Co- lumbia, numbering in all 179 in 1909. Shennoquankin.—Can. Ind. Aff., pt. 11, 166, 1901. Shennoskuankin.—Ibid., 419, 1898. Shen-nos-quan- kin,—Ibid., 191, 1883. Sheo. An unidentified division of the Oglala Sioux, mentioned by Lewis and Clark (Discoy., 34, 1806). Shequallisere. See Saghwareesa. Sheshalek (‘white whale passage’). A Kowagmiut Eskimo summer village on the n. shore of Kotzebue sd., near the mouth of Noatak r., where Kowagmiut, Selawigmiut, Malemiut, and Nunatogmiut meet Kaviagmiut, Kinugumiut, and other traders from the coast and islands to exchange furs for oil and walrus hides, and for rifles, cartridges, drilling, aleohol, and tobacco obtained from the Chukchi of Siberia, who have traded ivory and whalebone for them with whalemen. Pop. 100 in 1880. Sesualik.—Beechey, Narr., chart, 1831. Sheshale- gamute.—Petroff in 10th Census, Alaska, 4, 1884. Sheshoalik,—11th Census, Alaska, 137, 1893. She- shore-lik.—Hooper, Cruise of Corwin, 44, 1881. — Sheshebe (‘duck’). A gens ofthe Chip- pewa. Muk-ud-a-shib.—Warren (1852) in Minn. Hist. Soe. Coll., Vv, 45, 1885 (‘black duck’). She-shebe’.—Mor- gan, Ane. Soc., 166, 1877. Sheshebug.—Tanner, Narr., 315, 1830. Shiship.—Gatschet, Ojibwa MS., B, A. E., 1882. Sheshequin ( Lenape Shéshékwan, cognate with Nipissingand Montagnaisshishikwan, Prairie Cree sisikwan, Chippewa jishig- wan, Menominee sisikwan, Southern Re- nape tshétshinkwan, ete., a gourd rattle used by Indians in their ceremonies. With the locative suffix, Shéshékwanink, ‘at the gourd rattle.’ The name prob- ably had reference to some practices of the pagan Indians who lived at the place so named.—Gerard). A former Iroquois 546 town withamixed population, dominantly Seneca, but including also Delawares or Munsee, situated in 1772 about 6m. below Tioga Point, Bradford co., Pa. It was the home of the notorious Queen Esther, the ‘‘fiend of Wyoming,’’ who about this time removed northward 6 m., forming a new settlement that later became known as Queen Esther’s Town, and which was destroyed by Col. Hartley in 1778, where- upon the Queen fled, probably to Che- mung, Chemung co., N. Y. Sheshequin was situated on the E. side of Susque- hanna r., on the site of the present Ulster, Bradford co., Pa., and was divided into two parts by Cash cr., the northern part being heathen, the southern Mora- vian Christian Indians; it was the former who removed 6 m. higher, while the lat- ter went to Friedensstadt. See Queen Esther’s Town. (J. N. B. H.) Old Sheshequin.—Craft in Proc. and Coll. Wyo. Hist. and Geol. Soc., rx, 200, 1906. Schechschiquu- nuk.—Brinton, Lenape Leg., 79, 1885. Shesche- quon.—Heckewelder in Trans. Am. Philos. Soc., Nl. 8., IV, 386, 1834. Sheshecununk,—Craft in Proc. and Coll. Wyo. Hist. and Geol. Soc., Ix, 202-4, 1906. Sheshequin.—Day, Penn.,139,1843. Tschech- schequannink.—Loskiel, Hist. Miss. Unit. Breth., pt. 3, 77, 1794. Tschechschequaniing.—Roth (1772) quoted by Brinton, Lenape Leg., 79, 1885. Tsche- chsequannink.—Rupp, W. Penn., app., 359, 1846. Shetak Captives. A party consisting of two women, Mrs John Wright and Mrs William J. Duly, with two children each, two daughters of Thomas Ireland, and Lillie Everett, captured by White Lodge at Lake Shetak, Murray co., Minn., on Aug. 20, 1862, and carried away to the Missouri r., where, after great hardship, they were rescued by the ‘‘ Fool Soldier Band,”’ consisting of 11 young Teton Sioux, opposite the mouth of Grand r., in Walworth co., 8. Dak., Nov. 20 of the same year. (D. R.) Shevenak. A Kuskwogmiut Eskimo village on the left bank of Kuskokwimr., Alaska. Pop. 58 in 1880; 62 in 1890. Shevenagamute.—Nelson quoted by Baker, Geog. Dict. Alaska, 1901. Shovenagamute.—Petroff, Rep. on Alaska, 53, 1884. Shgwaliksh (Cgwdlike, Tlakluit name). A former village of either the Tlakluit or the Klikitat, about 3 m. below The Dalles of Columbia r., Wash. (5. 8.) Shiankya. The Mountain Lion clan of the former pueblo of Pecos, N. Mex. Shi-an-hti.—Hewett in Am. Anthr., n.s., vi, 431, 1904. Shiank’yaé+.—Hodge, ibid., rx, 351, 1896. Shickalamy, Shick Calamy, Shickelimy. See Shikellamy. Shickshack. A Winnebago chief, prom- inent in the history of the Sangamon country in Illinois, whose name is said to signify ‘rising sun.’ He is first heard of in 1819, having come down from the N. to the Sangamon country to avoid the constant hostility between his people and the Chippewa; here he made many SHETAK CAPTIVES—SHIELDS [B. A. B. friends among the white settlers. In 1820 he was chief of a band of about 40 families with a village on the s. side of Sangamon r., 25 m. above its mouth, and about 12 m. w. of New Salem, III. A high, dome-shaped hill near the Indian village was called ‘‘Shickshack’s Knob,”’ and is still known by that name. In 1827, on hearing of the trouble between the Indians and the whites, which culmi- nated in the Black Hawk war, Shick- shack and his people departed for the northern part of the state. He was seen at Dixon’s Ferry in 1832, where he had come, he explained, to meet some of his old friends among the soldiers, and it is said that he was among the friendly Winnebago who captured Black Hawk and placed him in the custody of United States troops. At the close of the war the Winnebago concluded a treaty with the United States and removed w. of the Mississippi, finally settling in Kansas, and it is supposed that Shickshack and his immediate followers accompanied them. In appearance Shickshack was erect, muscular and active, of medium height and weight; his expression, harsh and unpleasant, did not accord with his jovial and sympathetic disposition. He had two wives, one a Winnebago and one a Kickapoo, and four children. Mrs Mary Catherwood has made him a prom- inent character in her novel, ‘‘ Spanish Peggy,’ in which she represents him as the intimate friend of Abraham Lincoln. See Snyder in Jour. Ill. State Hist. Soc., 11, no. 3, 1909. Shiegho. A Pomo tribe or village near Hopland, Mendocino co., Cal.; associated with the Shokhowa. Seacos.—Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, 449, 1882. Shie- gho.—A. L. Kroeber, inf’n, 1904. Si-a-ko.—Powers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 111, 172, 1877. Shields. The shield was a regular part of the defensive equipment of the Indian warrior of the open country of the plains and the arid S. W., as well as farther 8. in Mexico, but was found only occa- sionally among the Eastern tribes, not being adapted to use in a region of tim- ber and thick undergrowth. Shields of bark or netted willow or cane are men- tioned among the Iroquois, the Virginia tribes, and the Carolina tribes as far back as De Soto’s expedition, 1539. The cui- rass and other forms of body armor took the place of the shield among the eastern and northern tribes generally on the Arctic coast and in the Canadian N. W., and along the Pacific coast southward into California, and were found also among the Pueblos, and more anciently among the Navaho. (See Armor.) The shield of the equestrian warrior of the plains was round, varying from 12 to 26in. in diameter, and averaging about BULL. 30] 17 in. The ordinary material was thick buffalo hide, with one or two covers of soft dressed buffalo, elk, or deer skin, but a few instances are known of shields of netted rods. covered with soft dressed skin, the supposed protecting power in such cases being wholly dueto the ‘‘medi- cine.”? The design upon the outside cover was different from that upon the inside cover, which last was exposed only at the moment of going into the fight, by loosening and throwing back theoutsidecover. The protecting ‘‘med- icine’’ and the head and bridle pendant were usually kept between the two covers. The shield was carried upon the left arm by means of a belt passing over the shoulder, in such a way as to permit the free use of the left hand to grasp the bow, or could be slung around to the back in a retreat. It was sufficient to stop an arrow or turn the stroke of a lance, but afforded but slight protection against a bullet. The Pima, Navaho, and Pueblo shield, intended for use on foot rather than on horse, was usu- ally of large size, cut from a single piece of thick hide, without cover, and was some- times fitted with a wooden hand-grasp on the inner side. In an- 4% cient times Pueblo @° shields were made also of basketry. The Pima shield was frequently painted with a design resembling the swas- tika cross, a favorite symbol in the tribe. The shields of the Zuni Priests of the Bow seem to have been intended for ceremonial purposes rather than for war. The shield of the Plains warrior con- stituted his most sacred possession from the time when it was made for him, or given to him soon after his first encoun- ter with the enemy, until it was laid un- der his head in the grave, unless before that time bestowed on some worthy younger warrior or left as a precious sac- rifice at the grave of wifeorchild. Every shield originated from a dream, in which the dreamer was told by the spirit how many shields he might make, how they must be painted and decorated, how the owner must paint and otherwise deco- rate himself and his pony, and what taboos and other sacred obligations he must observe through life in order to obtain the protection of the shield spirit, which might be a bird, a quadru- ped, a being of the tribal pantheon, or one of the personified powers of nature. The owner rarely made his own shield, ARAPAHO SHIELD OF RAW- HIDE; DIAM. 18 IN. SHIFUNIN—SHIKELLAMY 547 but received it from the dreamer, usually an old warrior or recognized medicine- man, who made it on request as he had been instructed, for a definite compensa- tion in horses, blankets, or other property. The hide used for the purpose was taken from the neck of the buffalo bull, and was made exceptionally thick and tough by shrinking it, while wet, over a fire builtin a holeintheground. The cutting, painting, and decorating with feathers and other pendants were all matters of much ceremony, in which the maker was assisted by the candidate and by other shield owners, usually those carrying shields of the same pattern. During the progress of the work the young man was instructed in all the obligations connected with the shield, and at its completion the shield was formally consecrated in a sweat-house built for the purpose, and the whole ceremony concluded with a feast. The obligations included certain taboos, prayers, songs, and war cries, with a specific method of caring for the shield when in camp and of uncovering it be- fore going into the fight. When not in use it was hung upon a tripod, usually facing the sun, or tied upon an upright pole. (J. M. ) Shifunin (‘black-eye people,’ probably referring to corn with black grains). One of the two divisions or fraternities of the people of the pueblo of Isleta, N. Mex. See Churdan. Shi-fu-ni’n.—Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895. Shigom. A Pomo village just N. of what is known as Morrison’s Landing, on the gp. shure of Clear lake, Lake co., Cal. The present village stands about 2 m. N. of the old village of the same name, to which Gibbs attributed a population of 91 in 1851. It is now occupied by not more than a dozen people. (s. A. B.) Che-com.—McKee (1851) in Sen. Ex. Doe. 4, 32d Cong., spec. sess., 136, 1853. Cigom.—Barrett in Univ. Cal. Pub. in Am. Archeol. and Ethnol., VI, no. 1, map, 1908 (c=sh). She-kom.—Gibbs (1851) in Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, 11, 109, 1853. Shigom.—S. A. Barrett, inf’n, 1907. Shikag. See Skunk. Shikallamy. See Shikellamy. ; Shike. The extinct Star clan of Sia pueblo, N. Mex. Shi-ké, —Stevenson in 11th Rep. B. A. E., 19, 1894. Shiké-hano.—Hodge in Am. Anthr, Ix, 352, 1896 (hdno = ‘people’). f : Shikeldaptikh (Cig/z.ldaptiy, ‘there is a gap or gulch’). A former village of the Tlakluit, } m. below The Dalles of Co- lumbia r., Wash. _ , (B. 8.) Shikellamy (a highly Anglicized form of the Delaware translation of the Oneida chieftain title Ofigwateron‘hiat’‘he’ (Ung- quaterughiathe), signifying ‘It has caused the sky to be light or bright for us.’ The cognate form of the Delaware term is Kijikdnamdwew (n= Delaware /), mean- ing ‘He causes it to be light or daylight 548 for him,’ or ‘He lights, enlightens him.’ The forms of the name ending in us (see below) are due to a Latinism by the Moravian writers rather than to the orig- inal native form of the name. Those ending in 0, a, or y are forms employed, by English writers, and probably are ap- proximately nearer the original native term than those ending in us. Another Troquoian name applied to this chieftain is Swataney, a highly Anglicized form of Onkhi‘swathe’’ tani‘, signifying ‘ He causes it to be light for us,’ and, figuratively, ‘He enlightens it for us,’ or as an appel- lative, ‘Our Enlightener’). An Oneida chieftain. According to Bartram he was ‘fan adopted Frenchman,”’ born in Mon- treal, who had been captured and adopted by the Oneida, although he claimed to be a Cayuga. He was the exponent of the colonial policy of the great federal Iroquois council at Onondaga, and was sent by it to the forks of the Susquehanna in 1728 to conserve the interests of the Six Nations in the valley of the Susque- hanna and to keep watch over the tribu- tary Shawnee and Delaware Indians. He was a man of great dignity, sobriety, and prudence, and at all times showed marked kindness to the whites, especially to the missionaries. In the execution of his trust Shikellamy conducted many im- portant embassies between the govern- ment of Pennsylvania and the Iroquois council at Onondaga, and he also attended many if not most of the councils held at Philadelphia, Conestoga, and elsewhere in the performance of his duties. The importance of his office is evident from the fact that the valley of the Susque- hanna, after the Conestoga were subju- gated in 1676 by the Iroquois, was as- signed by the Five Nations of Iroquoisasa hunting ground to the Shawnee, Dela- wares, Conoy, Nanticoke, Munsee, Tutelo, Saponi, and Conestoga tribes. When the Mohawk sold the Wyoming region in Pennsylvania to the Susquehanna Land Co., although this tribe had never aided in the conquests made in this valley, the council at Onondaga began to realize that this section, with its valuable lands and many dependent tribes, was worthy of careful attention; hence these tribes were made to understand that in the future they must transact all business with the proprietary government solely through their deputy. With his residence fixed at Shamokin (now Sunbury), Pa., Shikel- lamy was promoted in 1745 to the full vicegerency over the tributary tribes in the Susquehanna valley, and intricate and important interests committed to him re- ceived the care of an astute statesman and diplomat. The effects of the liquor traffic on the Indians led to prohibitory decrees on the part of the government of Penn- SHIKELLAMY [B. A. BE. sylvania, and later, evidently through the influence of traders, when these pro- hibitory measures became lax, Shikella- my in 1731 delivered an ultimatum to the Pennsylvania government to the effect that unless the liquor trade should be better regulated with regard to its sale among his people, friendly relations be- tween the proprietary government and the Six Nations would cease. As the difficulties arising from the sale of liquor had forced a large number of Shawnee to migrate from the Susquehanna to the Ohio r. in 1730, and as French emissaries were taking advantage of this condition to alienate the Shawnee from the English interest, the Governor decided in 1731 to send Shikellamy, ‘‘a trusty, good man, and a great lover of the English,’”’ to Onondaga to invite the Six Nations to Philadelphia, with a view of securing the friendship and alliance of the Six Na- tions in order to keep the Shawnee in the English interest; but owing to the mis- trust the Six Nations had of the motives of the English, they did not send a dep- utation until August, 1732, and even then there were delegates from only three of the tribes, who professed to speak for the others, consequently the conference was unsatisfactory. In 1736 Shikellamy’s in- fluence was enlisted to bring about a con- ference in which would be represented the entire confederation of the Six Na- tions, and in less than two months’ time Conrad Weiser was enabled to inform the Governor of Pennsylvania that more than a hundred chiefs of the Iroquois with their retinues were on their way to Phila- delphia. By this treaty of 1736 the Six Nations, in consideration of a large con- signment of merchandise, deeded all their Susquehanna lands s. and xr. of the Blue mtns. Some weeks later, when nearly all the leading Indians had departed, an- other deed was prepared and signed by the remaining Indians, which purported to include the lands ostensibly claimed by the Six Nations within the drainage of Delaware r. s. of the Blue mtns.—a treaty that, says Walton, ‘‘established a precedent for an Iroquois claim to lands owned by the Delaware Indians,” a claim that had never hitherto been advanced. ‘“‘No doubt,’ says Walton, ‘‘Shikelimy was the Indian agent who accomplished this, and that he used Conrad Weiser to bring it to pass. Weiser helped Shikel- imy sow the seed which drenched Penn- sylvania in blood from 1755 to 1764. In permitting this second deed Pennsylva- nia started that series of events with the Delawares which cost her one of the most remarkable Indian invasions in colonial history. And at the same time by secur- ing this and thus conciliating the Iro- quois, and holding the key to their future BULL. 30] attitude, Weiser and the proprietary gov- ernment made a future nation possible. Pennsylvania suffered that a nation might live. She brought upon herself aiter many years a Delaware war, but escaped a Six-Nation war, a French alliance with the Iroquois, and the threatening possi- bility of the destruction of all the English colonies on the coast.’? Shikellamy did not sign the treaty of 1744, because, it appears, he was determined not to recog- nize the claims of Maryland to lands Nn. of the disputed boundary. Weiser had many good reasons for re- garding Shikellamy as the key to the se- cret policies of the council of the Iroquois at Onondaga, hence in 1745, when Shi- kellamy was requested by Governor Thomas to visit Onondaga for the pur- pose of inducing the Six Nations to agree to a peace with the Catawba, Weiser took an offering with which to ‘‘ wipe away”’ the faithful old chieftain’s tears for the death of his son, ‘‘ Unhappy Jake,” among the Catawba; for until this was done the chieftain could not devote at- tention to public affairs. Having thus comforted the aged chieftain, he set out in company with Andrew Montour, Shi- kellamy and son, in May, 1745, for Onon- daga, where he was kindly received, but was able to learn only that the Six Na- tions favored peace with the Catawba. On the acquisition of firearms by the Indians, the smiths of the white people became a necessity to the Indian hunter and warrior. On account of the remote- ness of these conveniences from the In- dian country, Shikellamy persuaded the colonial government to establish a forge at Shamokin. This was granted on con- dition that the Indians would permit the Moravians to begin a mission at that place, which the missionaries regarded as the greatest stronghold of paganism. To this proposal Shikellamy readily con- sented, and in April, 1747, a smithy and a mission house were erected there. A year later, Zeisberger, who had become proficient in the Mohawk tongue, became an assistant missionary at Shamokin, and while there began the preparation of an Onondaga dictionary under the interested instruction of Shikellamy. During this year (1748) Shikellamy received from Count Zinzendorf asilver knife, fork, and spoon, and an ivory drinking cup richly mounted in silver, accompanied with a message entreating him to hold fast to the gospel which he had heard from the count’s own lips. This resulted in the conversion of Shikellamy at Bethlehem shortly afterward; he was not baptized by the Moravians, however, because he had been baptized many years before by a Jesuit priest in Canada. On his way to Shamokin he fell ill of fever and ague SHIKSHICHELA—SHINAGRUA 549 at Tulpehocking and had barely strength to reach his home. Zeisberger, who had returned to his post, ministered to the stricken chieftain until his death, Dec. 6, 1748. The colonial government sent a message of condolence, with the usual presents to the family, and requested the eldest son of Shikellamy, John or Thach- nechtoris (Taghneghdoarus) to serve as the Iroquois deputy governor until the council at Onondaga could make a per- manent appointment. Another son of Shikellamy was James Logan (q. v.). Consult De Schweinitz, Life and Times of David Zeisberger, 1870; Walton, Con- rad Weiser and the Indian Policy of Co- lonial Pennsylvania, 1900; Bartram, Ob- servations, 1751; Pennsylvania Archives, I-1v, 1852-56; Minutes of the Provincial Council of Pennsylvania, 1-v, 1852-56; Crantz, History of the United Brethren, 1780; Jefferson, Notes on Virginia, 1802; Mayer, Tah-gah-jute or Logan and Cre- sap, 1867. (J. N. B. H.) Shakallamy,—Pa. Arch., I, 228, 1852-56. Shecala- my.—Ibid., 494. Shekallamy.—Min. Proy. Coun. Pa., 11, 409, 1852-56. Shekellamy.—Ibid., 506. Shickalamy.—Ibid., v, 80. Shick Calamy.—Pa. Arch., I, 650, 1852-56. Shickelimy.—Ibid., 673. Shikallamy.—Min. Proy.Coun. Pa., 111, 404, 1852-56. Shikelimo,—Ibid., Iv, 584. Shikellemus.—Crantz, Hist. United Brethren, 269,1780. Shikellima.—Min. Proy. Coun. Pa., U1, 334, 1852-56. Shikellimus.— Jefferson, Notes, 356, 1802. Shikellimy.—Min. Proy. Coun. Pa., Iv, 641, 1852-56. Shykelimy.— Pa. Arch., I, 499, 1852-56. Sicalamous. —Ibid., 648. Swatana,—De Schweinitz, Life of Zeisberger, 109, 1870. Swataney.—Min. Proy. Coun. Pa., III, 435, 1852-56. Takashwangaroras.—Ibid., Iv, 80 (=‘the saw-mill’). Ungquaterughiathe.—Ibid., 584. Shikshichela (‘bad ones of different kinds’). A band common to the Sans Arcs, Miniconjou, and Hunkpapa Sioux. Cikcitcela.—Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 219, 226, 221, 1897. Siksi¢ela.—Ibid. 5 Shikshichena (‘bad ones of different kinds’). A band of the Upper Yanktonai Sioux. Cikcitcena.—Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 218, 1897. Siksi¢ena.—Ibid. _ ’ Shilekuatl (Cilzk’ud/tl). A Cowichan town at Yale, Brit. Col., belonging to the Tsakuam tribe (q.v.). Probably the In- dian name for Yale. Pop. 77 in 1909. Cilrk’ua’tl.—Boas in Rep. Brit. A. A. S., 454, 1894. Lichaltchingko.—Brit. Col. Map, Ind. Aff., Victoria, 1872. Yale.—Can. Ind. Aff., 74, 1878. ; Shilkhotshi. A former Yaquina village on the s. side of Yaquina r., Oreg. Cil-qo’-30i.—Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, III, 229, 1890. 3 : Shimmoah (‘a spring’). A former vil- lage on Nantucket id., off the s. coast of Massachusetts. Shimmoah,—Writer of 1807 in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 2d s., 111, 25, 1815. Shimmuo.—S. D., ibid., X, 174, 1823. Shimpshon. A body of Salish of Kam- loops agency, Brit. Col.; pop. 186 in 1884, the last time the name appears. Shimps-hon,—Can. Ind. Aff. 1884, 188, 1885. Shinagrua. A Nunatogmiut Eskimo village on the Arctic coast, close to Anxi- ety pt., Alaska. 550 Shinagrua,—Coast Surv. map 20, 1869. Shinin- grua.—Dall in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 1, map, 1877. Shinalutaoin (‘scarlet cloth earrings’). A band of the Sans Arcs Sioux. Cina-luta-oi".—Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 219, 1897. Sina-luta-oin,—Ibid. Shinana. A ruined pueblo, probably of the Tigua, on the Rio Grande, in the vicinity of Albuquerque, N. Mex.—Loew (1875) in Wheeler Surv. Rep., vi, 338, 1879. Shinats. A former summer village of the Laguna tribe, situated 33 m. s. of the present Laguna pueblo, N. Mex. Itissaid to have been abandoned on account of Apache depredations. (¥. W. H.) Shingabawassin (Shingdbewasin, ‘re- clining human figure of stone.’—W. J.). A Chippewa chief of the Crane gens, born about 1768, and prominent during the first quarter of the 19th century. He was the eldest son of Maidosagee, the son of Gitcheojeedebun. His residence, during most of his years at least, was on the banks of St Mary’s r., Mich., at the out- let of L. Superior. His life, so far as known, was characterized by but few marked incidents, though largely spent in behalf of the welfare of his people. During his younger days he took an ac- tive part in the war expeditions of his band, especially those against the Sioux, but after assuming the responsibilities of his official life he became a strong advo- cate of peace. At the councils convened for the purpose of entering into treaties, especially those at Prairie du Chien in 1825, Fond du Lac in 1826, and Butte des Mortes in 1827, he was the leading speaker and usually the most important person among the Indian delegates. He seems to have risen, to a large extent, above the primitive beliefs of his people, and even went so far in one of the councils as to advise making known to the whites the situation of the great copper deposits, al- though these were regarded by the In- dians as sacred. A favoritescheme which he advanced and vigorously advocated, but without effect, was to have the United States set apart a special reservation for the half-breeds. In addition to the trea- ties mentioned Shingabawassin signed the treaty of Sault Ste Marie, June 11, 1820. He died between 1828 and 1837, and was succeeded as chief of the Crane gens by his son Kabay Noden. Consult Schoolcraft, Pers. Mem., 1851; McKen- ney and Hall, Ind. Tribes, 1, 1854; War- ren, Hist. Ojebways, 1885. (ci) Shiniak. A Kuskwogmiut Eskimo vil- lage on the gE. shore at the head of deep- water navigation in Kuskokwim bay, Alaska, where the Moravian missionaries have a warehouse. Pop. 40 in 1880; 7 in 1890. Shineyagamute.—Petroff in10th Census, Alaska, 17, 1884, Shiniagmiut,—Sarichef’s atlas (1826) quoted SHIN ALUTAOIN—SHINNECOOK \[B. A. B. by Baker, Geog. Dict. Alaska, 1901. Shinyaga- miut.—1lth Census, Alaska, 101, 1893, Shinnapago, A Kaviagmiut Eskimo village at Port Clarence, Alaska.—11th Census, Alaska, 162, 1893. Shinnecock. An Algonquian tribe or band on Long id., N. Y., formerly occu- pying the s. coast from Shinnecock bay to Montauk pt. Many of them joined the Brotherton Indiansin New York. About 150 still remain on a reservation of 750 acres, 3m. w. of Southampton, having in- termarried with negroes until their abo- riginal character is almost obliterated. Nowedonah, brother of the noted Wyan- danch, was once their chief, and on his death his sister, wife of Cockenoe, became his successor. In Dec. 1876, 28 Shin- p & SHINNECOCK MAN (HARRINGTON, PHOTO. COURTESY OF “ SOUTHERN WORKMAN’? necock men lost their lives in an attempt to save a ship stranded off Easthampton, since which time a number, especially the vounger people, have left the reser- vation and become scattered. They have a Presbyterian and an Adventist church; the men gain a livelihood by employment as farm-hands, baymen, berrypickers, etc., and the women as laundresses. A few families make and sell baskets and a sort of brush made of oak splints; there is almost no agriculture. They have lost all their old customs, and but few words of their native language survive even in the memory of the oldest people, although it was in more or less general use 60 or 70 years ago. Consult Harrington in Jour. BULL. 30] Am. Folk-lore, xv1, 37-39, 1903, and in So. Workman, xxx, no. 6, 1903. SHINNECOCK WOMAN (HARRINGTON, PHOTO. CouRTESY OF “* SOUTHERN WorKMAN ”’) Mochgonnekouck.—W. W. Tooker, inf’n, 1907 (Dutch name). Shinacock.—Gardener (1660) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 3d s., 111, 156, 1833. Shine- cock,—Deed of 1648 quoted by Thompson, Long Id., 181, 1839. Shinicoks,—Clark, Onondaga, I, 18, 1849. Shinicooks,—Keanein Stanford, Compend., §35,1878. Shinikooks.—Drake, Bk. Inds., xi, 1848. Shinnacock.— Doc. of 1667 in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., XIV, 601, 1883. Shinnecock.—Deed of about 1640 quoted by Thompson, Long Id., 207, 1839. Sinna- cock,—Doc. of 1667 in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., xiv, 602, 1883. Skinnacock.—Doc. of 1667, ibid., 600, Southampton Indians.—Gardiner (1660) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 3d s., 111, 154, 1833. Southton.— Doe. of 1676 in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., xtv, 711, 1883. Shipapulima (Zufi: ‘mist -enveloped town,’ from shipia ‘mist’, vin ‘surround- ing’, imona ‘sitting place of.’-—Cushing). The Zuni name of the traditional place of origin as well as the final resting place of the Zuni, Keresan, and other Pueblo tribes, whence came the gods who taught them their arts, agriculture, and cere- monies. By the Zui it is said to bea group of pueblo ruins on the Rio Mancos, a tributary of the San Juan, ins. w. Colo.; to the Rio Grande pueblos (called by them Cibobe) and the Jemez (to whom it is known as Uabunatota) it is a lagoon in the same locality. See Bandelier, cited below; Cushing in 13th Rep. B. A. E., 1896; Cushing, Zufii Folk Tales, 1900. Black Lake of Tears.—Lummis, Land of Poco Tiempo, 136, 1893 Cibobe.—Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, II, 66, 303, 1890 (Shi-Pap-u, or), Colela,—MS. of18th century quoted by Bandelier, ibid., Iv, 30, 1892. Copiala.—Ibid. O-jang-ge P’ho- quing-ge,—Ibid. (name given by Tewa of San Juan). Shee-p’ah-péon.—Lummis, Man Who Mar- ried the Moon, 233, 1894 (Tiguaname). Shi/-pap.— Whipple, Pac. R. R. Rep., 111, pt. 3, map, 10, 1856. Shi-Pap-u.,—Bandelier, op. cit., 11, 66, 1890 (or Cibobe). _Shi-p’a-pu.cLummis, Land of Poco Tiempo, 75, 1893. Shi-pa-pu-li-ma.—Cushing in 2d Rep. B. A. E., 16,1883. Shi-pap-ulima.—Bande- lier quoted in Arch. Inst. Rep., v, 40, 1884. Shi- pa-puyna.—Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, Iv, SHIPAPULIMA—SHIPAULOVI 551 30, 1892 (Santa Clara Tewa name). Shipop,— Meline, Two Thousand Miles, 202, 1867. Ua-buna- tota.—Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, Iv, 207, 1892 (Jemez name). Shipaulovi (from shipaulavitu, ‘mos- quitoes,’ because its largest clan consists of part of the people who formerly lived at Homolobi, which was abandoned on account of the mosquitoes (Voth, Trad. Hopi, 61, 1905). One of the 6 pueblos of the Hopi (q. v.), situated on the Middle mesa of Tusayan, N. ©. Arizona. Accord- ing to Stephen it was built by Walpi people who hadintermarried with those of Mishongnovi, and according to Voth the population was considerably augmented by the Forehead clan of Homolobi after the refusal of the inhabitants of Shongop- ovi to receive them, and to have been further increased within historic times by the removal of people from Shongop- ovi on account of their fear of the Span- iards after killing the missionaries and destroying their mission in 1680. In 1782 Morfi (see Fewkes in 17th Rep. B. A. E., 579, 1898) reported Shipaulovi to contain only 14 families, a reduction apparently due to astory circulated by a Shongop- ovi chief that the Spaniards would again make their appearance, causing many of the Shipaulovi people to move to Shongopovi. The present population is about 125. (F. W. H.) Ah-lé-la,—Whipple in Pac. R. R. Rep.. 11, pt. 3, 13, 1856 (Zui name), Ahlelq,.—Whipple, mis- quoted by Donaldson, Moqui Pueblo Inds., 3, 1893. Cé-pa/-le-ve’.—ten Kate, Synonymie, 6, 1884 (native name; mistranslated ‘house of peaches’). Cipaulire.—Moffet in Overland Mo., 2d s,, 248, Sept. 1889. Ci-pau/-lo-vii—Fewkes in Am. Anthr., Vv, 105, 1892. Cipoliva.—Shipley in Ind. Aff. Rep., 310, 1891. Ci-pow-lovi.—Ibid., 1xxx, 1886. Clipalines.—Corbin (1891) in Donald- son, Moqui Pueblo Inds., 37, 1893 (misprint). Guipaolave.—Escudero, Not. de Chihuahua, 231, 1834, Guipaulavi.—Cortez (1799) in Pac. R. R. Rep., 11, pt. 8, 121, 1856. Inparavi.—Calhoun quoted by Donaldson, op. cit., 14. Juparivi.— Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, 1,519, 1853 Qset-so-kit- pee-tsée-lee.—Eaton, ibid., Iv, 220, 1854 (Navaho name; ef. Tse-itso-kit’-bit-si-li, below). Sesepau- laba,—Garcés (1776), Diary, 394, 1900 (Yavapai form). Sesepaulabe.—Garcés quoted by Bande- lier in Arch. Inst. Papers, III, 135, 1890. Shapala- wee.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 10,1863. Sha- pan-la-vi.—Ward (1861) quoted by Donaldson, op. cit., 14. Shapanlobi.—Taylor, op. cit., June 19, 1863. Sha-pau-lah-wee.—Ives, Col. Riv., map, 1861. She-banlavi.—Loew in Rep. Geog. Surv. W. 100th Merid., 178, 1875. Shebaula-vi.—Loew in Pop. Sci. Mo,, v, 352, July 1874. Shebavilavi.—Gatschet in Mag. Am. Hist., 260, Apr.1882. She-bo-pav-wee,— French, Hist. Coll. La., 1, 175, 1875. Sheepon- arleeve.—Eastman (1853) misquoted by Donald- son, op. cit., 14. Sheepowarleeve.—Eastman, Map in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, rv, 24,1854. Shepalavé.— ten Kate, Reizen, 454, 1885 (mistransl. perziken- huis, ‘peach house’). Shepalawa.—Beadle, Un- developed West, 576, 1873. She-pa-la-wee,— French, Hist. Coll. La., 11, 175, 1875. She-pau/-la- ve.—Barber in Am. Nat., 730, Dec. 1877. Shepau- liva,—Clark and Zuck in Donaldson, op. cit., 14. Shepolavi.i—Mason, ibid. She-powl-a-we,—Pal- mer in Ind. Aff. Rep., 183, 1870. Shi-pau-a-luv-i, — Powell in Scribner’s Mag., 203, Dec. 1875. Shi- pau-i-luv-i.—Ibid., 202. Shi-pau’-la-vi,—Barber in Am. Nat., 730, Dec. 1877. Shi-pav-i-luv-i.— Powell in Seribner’s Mag., 196, map, Dec. 1875. Shi-powl-ovi.—Stephen quoted by Donaldson, op. 592 cit.,14. Shu-par-la-vay,—Irvine in Ind. Aff. Rep., 160, 1877. Shupatlavi.—Voth, Traditions of the Hopi, 61, 1905. Shupowla,—Bourke misquoted by Donaldson, op. cit., 14. Shupowlewy.—Bourke, Moquis of Ariz, 226, 1884. Suponolevy.—Bourke in Proc. Am. Antiq. Soc., n. s., I, 244, 1882. Supowolewy.—Bourke, Moquis of Ariz., 136, 1884. Tse-itso-kit'-bit-si’-li.i—Stephen, MS., B. A. E., 1879 (‘miserable dwellings at’: Navaho name). Waki.—Voth, Traditions of the Hopi, 61, 1905 (former name; sig. ‘refuge house’). Xipaolabi.— Dominguez and Escalante (1776) in Doc. Hist. Mex., 2d s., I, 548, 1854. Shipololonkaia (Shi-po-lo-lon K’ai-a, ‘place of misty waters’). The traditional fourth resting place of the Zufi on their eastward migration.—Cushing in Mill- stone, 1x, 2, Jan. 1884. Shiptetza (correctly Shiptatsé, referring to the glancing of an arrow when it strikes a buffalo’s ribs.—Curtis). A band of the Crow tribe. Bear’s Paw Mountain.—Morgan, Anc. Soc., 159, 1877. Shiptatsé.—Curtis, N. Am. Ind., Iv, 38, 45, 1909. Ship-tet-sa,—Culbertson in Smithson. Rep. 1850, 144, 1851. Ship-tet/-za.—Morgan, op. cit. Shishaiokoi (Cicai’/dgoi). A Squaw- mish village community on the fF. coast of Howe sd., Brit. Col.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. 8., 474, 1900. Shishalap (Shi-shd/-ldp). Two Chuma- shan villages: one formerly between Pt Conception and Santa Barbara, Cal., in the locality now called El Cajo Viejo; the other near San Buenaventura, Ventura co., at a place later called Frente de la Calle de Fezueroa. Chichilop.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, July 24, 1863. Ci-ca’-lap.—Henshaw, Buenaventura MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884 (c=sh). Shishlamau ( Cic-ld-md/-u, pron. Shish-ld- md’-u). AChumashan village formerly ex- isting near Hueneme, Ventura co., Cal.— Henshaw, Buenaventura MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884. Shishmaref (after Lieut. Shishmaref, who accompanied Kotzebue in 1816). A Kinugumiut Eskimo village at Shishmaref cape, Alaska.—Post-route map, 1903. Shitaimu. A former pueblo of the Eagle clan of the Hopi, situated on the summit of a large mound &. of Mishong- novi, Arizona, where traces of numerous small-roomed houses are found. The uneven summit of the mound is about 300 by 200 ft, and the village seems to have been built in the form of an irregu- lar ellipse, but the ground-plan is very obscure. Shi-tai-mu.—Stephen and Mindeleff in 8th Rep. B. A. E., 28, 1891. Shitaimuvi.—Mindeleff, ibid., cpt Shitaumi.—Fewkes in 17th Rep. B. A. E., 581, Shiu. N. Mex. Shiu-t’ainin.—Lummis quoted by Hodge in Am. Anthr., 1X, 350, 1896 (t’ainin=‘ people’). Shiuguermi. A Costanoan village situated in 1819 within 10 m. of Santa Cruz mission, Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Far- mer, Apr. 5, 1860. Shiuwauk ( Ci/-u-wa/-tik). An Alseavil- lage on the n. side of Alsea r., Oreg.— The Eagle clan of Isleta pueblo, SHIPOLOLONKAIA—SHLALKI [B. A, B. Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, m1, 230, 1890. Shivwits. A Paiute tribe formerly in- habiting the plateau bearing their name in nN. w. Arizona, and numbering 182 in 1873. There are now (1909) 118 Shiy- wits in the s. w. corner of Utah, near St George, where they have about 70 acres of tillable land, with adjacent land suit- able for pasturage, while others are said to be on the Moapa res. in Nevada. Cehmeque-sabinta,—Cortez (1799) in Pac. R. R. Rep., Itt, pt. 3, 126, 1856. Chemeguabas Sevintas.— Garcés (1776) , Diary, 472, 1900. Chemegue-sevicta,— Orozco y Berra, Geog., 59, 1864. Chemegué Se- vinta,—Garcés, op. cit., 444. Chevet.—Arricivita quoted by Bancroft, Nat. Races, 111, 686, 1882. Kohoaldje.—Kroeber in Univ. Cal. Pub., Am. Archeol. and Ethnol., vi, 107, 1907 (Mohave name). Lee-Biches.—Beadle, Undeveloped West, 658, 1873. Paranukh.—Kroeber, op. cit. (Cheme- huevi name). Savints.—Hinton, Handbook to Arizona, ‘353, 1878. Seviches.—Hoffman in 10th Rep. Hayden Sury.,461,1878. Sevinta.—Escudero, Not. Estad. de Chihuahua, 228, 1834. Sheav- wits.—Powell and Ingalls in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1873, 42, 50, 1874. Sherwits.—Ingalls in H. R. Ex. Doe. 66, 42d Cong.,3d sess., 2, 1873. Shi/-vwits.—Powell and Ingalls, op. cit., 50. Sivinte-—Kroeber, op. cit. (another Mohave name). Sivits,—Ibid. (another Chemehuevi name). Virgin River Pai- utes,—Ibid. Shiwanu. The Ant clan of the Ala (Horn) phratry of the Hopi. Ci/-wa-nu win-wi.—Fewkes in Am. Anthr., VI, 401, 1894 (wiifi-wii=clan). g Shiyosubula (‘sharp-tailed grouse’). A band of the Brulé Teton Sioux. Ciyo-subula.—Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 218, 1897. Siyo-subula.—Ibid. : , Shiyotanka (‘prairie chicken’). A band of the Brulé Teton Sioux. Ciyo-tanka.—Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 218, 1897. Pheasants,—Culbertson in Smithson. Rep. 1850, 141, 1851. Siyo-tanka.—Dorsey, op. cit. Shkagech ((Cgdgetc, ‘her nose’). A former village of the Tlakluit on Colum- bia r., Wash. (E. 8.) Shkanatulu. The extinct Lizard clan of the pueblo of Sia, N. Mex. Shkanatulu-hano.—Hodge in Am. Anthr., 1x, 351, 1896 (hdno=‘ people’). Shkashtun (Ckac’-tén). A Takelma band or village on the s. side of Rogue r., Oreg., between Hashkushtun and Leaf cr.—Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 11, 235, 1890. Shkonana (Cq/é’/nana). A former vil- lage of the Tlakluit opposite Crates Point on Columbia r., Wash. (E. 8.) Shkuet (C’kuet). Shoshonees.—Gallatin in Trans. Am. Antiq.Soc., II, 120,188, 306, 1836 (Shoshonee or Snake only); Halein U.S. Expl. Exped.,v1, 218, 1846 (Wihinasht, Panasht, Yutas, Sampiches, Comanches); Gallatin in Trans. Am. Ethnol. Soc., 1, pt. 1, ¢, 77,1848 (as above), Gallatin, ibid., 18,1848 (follows Hale; see below); Gallatin in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 402, 1853; Turner in Pac. R. R. Rep., III, pt. 3, 55, 71, 76, 1856 (treats only of Comanche, Chemehuevi, Cahuillo); Buschmann, Spuren deraztek. Sprache, 552, 649, 1859. >Shoshoni.—Hale in U.S. Expl. Exped., VI, 199, 218, 569, 1846 (Shosh6ni, Wihinasht, Panasht, Yutas, Sampiches, Comanches); Latham in Trans. Philol. Soc. Lond.,73,1856; Latham, Opus- cula, 340, 1860. >Schoschonenu Kamantschen.— Berghaus (1845), Physik. Atlas, map 17, 1848; ibid., 1852. >Shoshones.—Prichard, Phys. Hist. Man- kind, v. 429, 1847 (or Snakes, both sides Rocky mountains and sources of Missouri). =Shéshoni.— Gatschet in Mag. Am. Hist., 154,1877; Gatschet in Beach, Ind. Miscel.,426,1877. Snake.— Gallatin in Trans. Am. Antiq. Soc., 11, 120, 133, 1836 (or Shoshonees); Hale in U.S. Expl. Exped., vi, 218, 1846 (as under Shoshonee); Prichard, Phys. Hist. Mankind, v, 429, 1847 (as under Shoshones); Turner in Pac. R. R. Rep., III, pt. 3, 76, 1856 (as un- der Shoshonees); Buschmann, Spuren der aztek. Sprache, 552, 649, 1859 (as under Shoshonees). Kizh.— Halein U.S. Expl. Exped.,v1,569, 1846 (San Gabriel language only). >Netela.—Hale, ibid., 569, 1846 (San Juan Capestrano language). >Paduca.— Prichard, Phys. Hist. Mankind, v, 415, 1847 (Cu- manches, Kiawas, Utas); Latham,Nat. Hist. Man., 310, 326, 1850; Latham (1853) in Proc. Philol. Soe. Lond., VI, 73,1854 (includes Wihinast, Shoshoni, Uta); Latham in Trans. Philol. Soe. Lond., 96, 1856; Latham,Opuscula, 300,360,1860. Cumanches.—Gallatin in School- SHOSHONI [B. A. B. craft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 402, 1853, >Netela-Kij.— Latham (1853) in Trans. Philol. Soc, Lond., vi, 76, 1854 (composed of Netela of Hale, San Juan Capis- trano of Coulter, San Gabriel of Coulter, Kij of Hale), >Capistrano.—Latham in Proc. Philol.Soe Lond., 85, 1856 (includes Netela of San Luis Rey and San Juan Capistrano, the San Gabriel or Kij of San Gabrieland San Fernando). =Shoshonean,— Powell in 7th Rep. B. A. E., 108, 1891. Shoshoni. The most northerly division of the Shoshonean family. They for- merly occupied w. Wyoming, meeting the Ute on the s., the entire central and southern parts of Idaho, except the terri- tory taken by the Bannock, n. 5. Nevada, and a small strip of Utah w. of Great Salt lake. The Snake r. country in URIEWISHI, A SHOSHONI Idaho is, perhaps, to be considered their stronghold. The northern bands were found by Lewis and Clark in 1805, on the headwaters of the Missouri in w. Montana, but they had ranged previously farther ©. on the plains, whence they had. been driven into the Rocky mts. by the hostile Atsina and Siksika, who already possessed firearms. Nowhere had the Shoshoni established themselves on the Columbia, although they reached that river on their raiding excursions. The origin of the term Shoshoni ap- pears to be unknown. It apparently is not a Shoshoni word, and although the name is recognized by the Shoshoni as applying to themselves, it probably origi- BULL. 30] nated among some other tribe. The Cheyenne name for the Comanche, who speak the Shoshoni language, is Shishi- noats-hitineo, ‘snake people’; but they have a different name for the Shoshoni. The term Snake seems to have no ety- mological connection with the designation Shoshoni. It has been variously and fre- quently applied to the northern bands of the Shoshoni, especially those of Oregon. By recent official usage the term Snake has been restricted to the Yahuskin and Walpapi of Oregon. Hoffman was of the opinion that the name Snake comes from a misconception of the sign for Snake In- dian, made by a serpentine motion of the hand with the index finger extended. This he thought really has reference to SHOSHONI WOMEN AND CHILD the weaving of the grass lodges of the Shoshoni, a reasonable assumption, since they are known as ‘‘grass-house people,’’ or by some similar name, among numer- ous tribes. The more northerly and easterly Sho- shoni were horse and buffalo Indians, and in character and in warlike prowess compared favorably with most western tribes. To the w. in western Idaho along Snake r. and to the s. in Nevada the tribes represented a lower type. Much of this country was barren in the extreme and comparatively devoid of large game, and as the nature of the country differed, so did the inhabitants. They depended for food to a large extent on fish, which SHOSHONI 557 was supplemented by rabbits, roots, nuts, and seeds. These were the Indians most frequently called ‘‘ Diggers.’? They were also called Shoshokos, or ‘‘ Walkers,”’ which simply means that the Indians so called were too poor to possess horses, though the term was by no means re- stricted to this section, being applied to horseless Shoshoni everywhere. None of these Shoshoni were agricul- turists. In general the style of habita- tions corresponded to the two types of Shoshoni. In the n. and 5. they livedin tipis, but in the sagebrush country to the w. they used brush shelters entirely, and Bonneville found the tribes of Snake r. wintering in such shelters without roofs, being merely half circles of brush, behind which they obtained an imperfect pro- tection from wind and snow. There were many dialects among the Shoshoni, corresponding to the greater or less de- gree of isolation of the several tribes. They presented, however, no essential nes and were all mutually intelli- gible. In 1909 there were in Idaho 1,766 Sho- shoni and Bannock under the Ft Hall school (of whom 474 had recently been transferred from the old Lemhi res. ), and about 200 not under official supervision; in Nevada there were 243 under the Western Shoshoni school, and about 750 not under agency or school control; In Wyoming, under the Shoshoni school, there were 816, formerly known as Washaki’s band, from its chief. Deducting about 500 Ban- nock from these figures, the total Sho- shoni population approximates 3,250. The Shoshoni divisions, so far as known, were: Hohandika, Shobarboobeer, Sho- hoaigadika, Shonivikidika, Tazaaigadika, Towahnahiooks, Tukuarika, Tussawehe, Washaki, Wihinasht, and Yahandika. See also Pohoi. (H. W. H.) Aliatan.—For forms of this name, see Jetan. Bik-ta’-she.—Hayden, Ethnog. and Philol. Mo. Val., 402, 1862 (‘grass lodges’: Crow name), Chochones.—Ind. Aff. Rep. 1878, 192, 1874. Cho- shon-né, —Orig. Jour. Lewis and Clark, IT, 867, 1905. E-wu-ha’/-wu-si.—Hayden, op. cit., 326 (—‘people that use grass and bark for their lodges or huts’: Arapaho name), Gens de Serpent.—Orig. Jour. Lewisand Clark, vi, 106, 1905. Gens des Serpent.— Lewis and Clark, Discov., 60, 1806 (so called by the French). Gens du Serpent.—La Verendrye (1742) in Margry, Déc., vi, 601, 1886. Ginebigénini.—Ba- raga, Otchipwe-Eng. Dict., 136, L880 (pl. Gine- bigéniniwog, ‘snake men’: Chippewa name). Grass House People.—Mooney, Cheyenne Inds., 422, 1907 (translation of Kiowa name). Indiens- Serpents.—Gass, Voyage, 185, 1810. Kinebikowin- iniwak.—Cuoq, Lexique Algon., 167, 1886 (‘ser- pents’: Algonkin name). Ma-buc-sho-roch-pan- ga.—Long, Exped. Rocky Mts., 11, Ixxxiv, 1823 (Hidatsa name). Mika-ati—Curtis, N. Am. Ind., IV, 186, 1909 (‘grass lodge’: Hidatsaname). Mi'’- kyaShé.—Ibid., 180 (Crow name, with same mean- ing). Nation of the Snake.—Jefferys, French Dom. Am., I, map, 1741. Pe-ji’-wo-ke-ya-o-ti.— Cook, Yankton MS. vocab., B. A. E., 184, 1882 (=‘those dwelling in grass lodges’; Yankton name). Pefhi-wokeyotila.—Curtis, N. Am. Ind., 558 III, 141, 1908 (‘grass-thatch dwellers’: Teton Sioux name). Pi-ci’-kse-ni-tup’-i-o.—Hayden, Ethnog. and Philol Mo. Val., 264, 1862 (Blackfoot name), Serpents.—_Smet, Letters, 62, 1843. Shashones.— Orig. Jour. Lewis and Clark, vi, 340, 1905. Shirry- dikas.—Ross, Fur Hunters, I, 249, 1855 (‘dog-eat- ers’; given as a division of the Snakes, but evidently confused with the Arapaho). Sho- shon.—Clarke in Jour. Anthr. Inst. G. B., Iv, 160, 1875. Sho-Sho-nay.—Gebow, Sho-sho-nay Vocab., 10, 1868 (Shoshoni name). Sho-sho-ne.—Gass, Journal, 210, 1807. Shoshonee.—Lewis and Clark Exped., 11, 587, 1817. Sho-shones.—Orig. Jour. Lewis and Clark, v, 94, 1905. Shoshoni.—Lewisand Clark Exped., 11, 587, 1817. Shos-shone.—Ruxton, Adventures, 243, 1848. Shossoonies.— Scouler (1846) in Jour. Ethnol. Soe. Lond., I, 239, 1848. Shothones.—Coke, Ride over Rocky Mts., 294, 1852. Shiénshus-wichésha.—Curtis, N. Am. Ind., 11, 141, 1908 (‘‘the first part of the word is doubtless an attempt to say Shoshoni’’). Sin-te’-lida wi-ca-sa.— Cook, Yankton MS. vocab., B. A. E., 184, 1882 (= ‘Rattlesnake Indians’: Yankton name). Sisizhi- nin,—Curtis, N. Am. Ind., v, 154, 1909 (‘rattlesnake men’: Atsina name). Snake Diggers.—Johnson and Winter, Route Across Rocky Mts., 111, 1846. Snake Indians.—Writer of 1786 in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., Ist s., 111, 24, 1794. Snegs.—Beltrami, Pil- grimage, II, 282, 1828. Snoa.—Gatschet, MS., B. A. E. (Okinagan name). Soshawnese.—Porter in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 597, 1853. Sosho- nees.—Frignet, La Californie, 273, 1867. Sosho- nes.—Smet, Letters, 36, 1843. So’-so-i-ha’/-ni.—Hay- den, op. cit., 290 (Cheyenne name). So-so-na.— Lewis and Clark, Discov., 63, 1806. Sosone.— Orig. Jour. Lewis and Clark, 11, 329, 1905. Soso- nee.—Ibid., Iv, 70. Sosonees.x—Ibid., 11, 244. Sosones.—Ibid., Iv, 77. Sosone’s,—Ibid., 38. So/- so-ni.—Hayden, op. cit., 290 (Cheyenne name). Su’-su-ne.—Cook, Yankton MS. vocab., B. A. E., 184, 1882 (Yankton name). Wahkiruxkanu- manke.—Will and Spinden, Mandans, 217, 1906 (Mandan name). Wakidohka-numak,—Curtis, N. Am. Ind., v, 148, 1909 (‘snake man’: Mandan name). Wes‘anikacitga.—Dorsey, Qegiha MS. Dict., B. A. E., 1878 (‘snake people’: Omaha and Ponca name), Zuzéca wi-¢asa.—Bushotter, inf’n, 1887 (‘snake people’: Teton Sioux name). Shotlemamish. A body of Salish on Case inlet, at the s. w. extremity of Puget sd., Wash. Hotlimamish.—Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, v, 700, 1855. Hottimamish.—Lane in Sen. Ex. Doc. 52,31stCong., Ist sess., 173, 1850. Hottunamish.—Lane in Ind. Aff. Rep., 162, 1850. Scootle-mam-ish.—Starling, ibid., 171, 1852. S’Hotle-ma-mish.—Stevens, ibid., 458, 1854. S’Hotlmahmish.—Stevens in H.R. Ex. Doc. 37, 34th Cong., 3d sess., 45, 1857. S’hotlma- mish,—Dall, after Gibbs, in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 1, 241, 1877. S’Kosle-ma-mish.—Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., I, 485, 1885. Sroo-tle-mam-ish.—Starling in Ind. Aff. Rep., 170, 1852. Shoto. A Chinookan tribe or division found in 1806 by Lewis and Clark on the n. side of Columbia r., a short distance from the stream and nearly opposite the mouth of the Willamette. Their esti- mated number was 460, in 8 houses. Shoto.—Lewis andClark Exped., IT, 472, 1814. Sho- toes.—Orig. Jour. Lewis and Clark, Iv, 219, 1905. Showtl. A name of a species of rodent (Haplodon rufus) of parts of the Oregon- British Columbia region, known as the sewellel (q. v.), or shavt’l, the name of this animal in the Nisqualli and closely related Salishan dialects. (A, FC.) Showtucket (Mohegan: nashauetuk-ut, ‘between the rivers..—Trumbull). A village in the fork of the Shetucket and Quinebaug rs., near Lisbon, New London co., Conn. Before King Philip’s war (1675) it was occupied by a Mohegan SHOTLEMAMISH—SHRINES [B. A. E. band. After the war, in 1678, a band of friendly Indians from various tribes was settled there, known as ‘‘ Surrenderers,’’ but after a few years the village was aban- doned on account of the opposition of Uncas. (J. M.) Shatetucket.—Leete (1665) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 4th s., VII, 556,1865. Shatuckett.—Pynchon (1700) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., rv, 616, 1854. Shatuskett,— Owaneco(1700),ibid.,615. Showtucket.—Caulkins, Norwich, 50, 1866. Surrenderers.—Ibid., 256. Shregegon. A Yurok village on lower Klamath r., about a mile above the mouth of Pekwan cr., N. w. Cal. Sca-goines.—McKee (1851) in Sen. Ex. Doc. 4, 32d Cong., spec. sess., 162, 1853. Schre-gon.—Gibbs (1851) in Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 138, 1853. Ser-a-goines.— Meyer, Nach dem Sacramento, 282, 1855. Seragoins.—McKee, op. cit., 193. Ser- a-goins,—Ibid., 194. Serragoin.—Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 422, 1853. Shregegon.—A. L. Kroeber, inf’n, 1906. Sira-grins.—McKee, op. cit., 161. Sri’- gon.—Powers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 11, 44, 1877. Shrines. Places where sacred offerings are deposited or cult images or objects are set up. They are fixed or portable, the tormer often being altar shrines (see Altar), or consist of stone boxes inclosing sacred objects. The latter class includes the sacred bundles of the Pawnee, Papago, Hopi, and other tribes (see Palladium). Shrines are common to many tribes Nn. of Mexico, but perhaps among none do they now enter more into the religious life of the people than among the Pueblos, particularly among the Hopi, whose shrines will here be described as typical: Among these people any special spot consecrated to supernatural beings, where prayer offerings to them are made, is called a pahoki, or ‘prayer house,’ gen- erally translated ‘shrine.’ There are about a hundred shrines at or near the pueblo of Walpi, half of which have special names. They are situated on the mesa, among the foothills, at springs, and near the ruins of ancestral villages. Certain of these places of offering have no special names, but are called ‘‘rain-cloud shrines,’’ or ‘‘world-quarter shrines,”’ because situated at the four cardinal directions from the pueblo. A Hopi shrine differs from an altar in being a place in which the offerings remain per- manently, or until they or their essence are supposed to be removed by the gods. Every great ceremony has its special shrine, but in some of them prayer offerings are made in all ceremonies. Many shrines have nothing to mark them except prayer sticks (q. v.). Common forms of shrines are circles of small stones or even a single stone, caves or clefts, a natural depression in a bowlder, or any object symbolically marked. The most elaborate shrines are sealed stone inclo- sures, sometimes painted with symbols, and containing symbolic representations of supernatural beings, idols, water-worn stones, or fossils. Shrines may be classi- BULL. 30] fied either on the basis of their form and contents or on that of the supernatural beings to which they are dedicated. Of the latter, among the Hopi, there are those of the Earth and Sky gods, Kachina shrines, and shrines of numerous lesser supernatural beings. The most elaborate Earth-goddess shrine at the East mesa of the Hopi is that of Talatumsi, situated in the foothills rE. of Walpi. Itisasealed chamber in which isaseated idol ofthe Dawn Woman. The slab ordinarily closing the entrance is removed every Noy ember , during the New Fire ceremony, when offerings are placed near it; and every 4 years the idol is taken from the shrine and carried to the village. The shrine of Kokyanwugti, Spider Woman, another name for the Earth goddess, isasimple stoneinclosure. The shrine of Masauu, the god of the Under- world, is situated in the foothills w. of Walpi, and consists of a small pile of stones and twigs. The shrine of Tuwa- pontumsi, another Earth goddess, con- tains a petrified log surrounded by slabs of stone. There are numerous shrines of the Sky god in the vicinity of Walpi, but they are generally of very simple con- struction. Sun shrines among the Hopi are simple circles of stone, with openings toward the point where the sun rises at the time of the summer solstice. A shrine at ‘‘Wala,’”’ a gap in East mesa, toward the top of the trail to Hano pueblo, containing a coiled stone, or natural cast of a shell, may be considered a Sun shrine. The Sky-serpent god, Palulukong, has several shrines, among which may be mentioned the two great springs in the foothills Er. of Walpi and Hano. The Kachina shrine is a closed recep- tacle constructed of slabs of stone set on edge. It is situated in the foothills w. of Walpi, and is ceremonially opened and closed every July. Individual clans have their special shrines where offerings are made to their tutelary ancients. Rain- cloud and world-quarter shrines are of the simplest construction, commonly consisting of circles of small stones. Shrines sometimes mark places where mythological events are said to have happened; thustheshrineof the so-called Heart-Contained-Here, in the foothills gE. of Walpi, is supposed to contain the heart of a god who won a mythic foot- race. Those who aspire to speed in these races worship at this shrine. Human or animal images of wood and stone, concretionary or botryoidal stones, carved stone slabs, and fossil shells are among the permanent objects, not offer- ings, found in Hopi shrines. The tem- porary offerings on shrines are prayer meal and pollen, sticks, clay effigies of SHRUHWI—SHRUTSUNA 559 small animals, miniature bowls and vases of water, small bows and arrows, small dolls, turquoise, shells, and other objects. Some shrines are known by the char- acter of their offerings; thus, a warrior’s shrine contains netted shields, bows, and arrows; an eagle shrine, painted wooden imitations of eagle’ seggs. Places where ceremonial paraphernalia are kept par- take of the sacred nature of a shrine, and caves resorted to for prayer are considered in the same light. All springs of water are places of prayer offerings, and each has a shrine either near by or remote. Zuni ‘‘ prayer houses’’ are no less numerous and instructive than those of the Hopi, and are of the same general character, although several differ in form from those above mentioned. The best known Zufi shrine, that of Hepatina, lies near the village and is said to be con- secrated to the center of the earth, in which spot it is supposed tostand. It is a tri-chambered stone inclosure with an opening to the §. surmounted by strangely formed stones. There are nu- merous shrines on the mesa of Taaiya- lone, among which that of the Twin War Gods of the Zufi is the most char- acteristic. The most notable of the many shrines of the Rio Grande pueblos are the stone pumas of Cochiti. Consult Curtis, N. Am. Ind., 1-v, 1907-09; Dorsey and Voth in Field Colum- bian Mus. Pubs., Anthr. ser., 111, nos. 1 and 3, 1901, 1902; Fewkes (1) in foes Am. Ethnol. and Archeol., 1, 1891; 1892; rv, 1894; (2) in 17th Rep. Ba Ae ne 1898; (3) in Jour. Am. Folk- lore, v, 196, 1892: (4) in Am. Anthr., vm, 346, 1906: Starr in Am. Antiq., xx, no. 4, 1900; Stevenson in 11th and 23d Rep. B. A. E., 1893, 1904; Pepper and Wilson, Hidatsa Shrine, Mem. Am. Anthr. Asso., 11, pt. 4, 1908. (J. w. F.) Shruhwi. The Rattlesnake clans of the Keresan pueblos of Laguna, Acoma, Cochiti, and Sia, N. Mex. The Laguna clan came originally from Sia, and forms a phratry with the MHatsi (Earth), Skurshka ( Water-snake), and Meyo ( Liz- ard) clans of that pueblo. The Rattle- snake clan of Cochitiis extinct. (F.w.H.) Shqiwi-hanogeh.—Hodge in Am. Anthr., Ix, 352, 1896 (Acoma form; hdnogceh=‘ people’). Shrihwi- hanuch,—Ibid. (Cochiti form). Sqéwi-hanoch.— Ibid.(Lagunaform). Sqi-héno.—Ibid. (Sia form). Shrutsuna. The Coyote clans of the Keresan pueblos of Laguna, Santa Ana, Sia, San Felipe, and Cochiti, N. Mex. Part of the Laguna clan claims to have come from Zufii and part from Sia. Com- pare the Laguna (T7st’shki) and Zuii (Stiski) names of these clans, the two peoples belonging to distinct linguistic families. (F. W. H.) 560 Shrotsona-hano.—Hodge in Am. Anthr., Ix, 350, 1896 (San Felipe form; hdéno=‘people’). Shri- tsuna-hanuch. —Ibid. (Cochiti form). Shurts-iin- na.—Stevenson in 11th Rep. B. A. E.,19, 1894 (Sia form). Shutsén-haéno.—Hodge, op. cit. (Santa Ana form). Shitsun’-hano.—Ibid. (Sia form). Shut- zuna.—Bandelier, Delight Makers, 251, 1890. Tstishki-hanoc’.—Hodge, op. cit. (Laguna form). Shu (‘fish’). A Yuchi clan. Cu.—Speck, Yuchi Inds., 70, 1909 (c=sh). Shia- taha.—Gatschet, Uchee MS., B. A. E., 70, 1885 (=‘fish clan’). f Shubenacadie (Shubenakddi, ‘plenty of ground-nuts(?).—Trumbull). A Micmac village and reservation at the head of Shubenacadie r., nN. of Halifax, Nova Scotia. Pop. 100 in 1909. Chibenaccadie,—Doc. of 1746 in N.Y. Doc.Col. Hist., x, 70, 1858. Chigabennakadik.—Frye (1760) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., Ist s, X, 115, 1809. Shuben- akadie.—Rand, Micmac Reading Bk., 81, 1875. Shubenecadie.—Macdonald in Can. Ind. Aff. for 1884, xxix, 1885. Shufina (strictly Tsiphenu, ‘dark-colored obsidian flakes,’ from tsi, ‘obsidian flakes,’ phenu, ‘dark’; in the Santa Clara Tewa dialect the form is Tsifeno.—J. P. Harrington). A small ancient pueblo ruin on a castle-like mesa of tufa, N. w. of Puye and separated from it by Santa Clara canyon, N. Mex. The s. face of the mesa is honeycombed with cliff- dwellings, cut in the rock. While ac- cording to Santa Clara tradition these lodges have been occupied within the historic period, they doubtless date from a time prior to the advent of the first Spaniards in the 16thcentury. See 7th Rep. B. A. E., xxi, 1891; Bandelier, (1) Delight Makers, 378, 1890, (2) in Arch. Inst. Papers, tv, 66, 1892; Hewett (1) in Am. Anthr., v1, no. 5, 1904, (2) in Bull. 32, B. A. E., 1906, (5) in Out West, xxx1, 693-719, 1909. (¥. W. H.) Shu Finne.—Bandelier, op. cit. Tsifeno.—Har- rington in Out West, xx x1, 702, 1909 (Santa Clara Tewa form). Tsiphenu.—Ibid. (San Ildefonso Tewa form). : Shuhlanan (‘otter’). A Yuchi clan. 70, 1909 (c=sh). Culané.—Speck, Yuchi Inds., Shu‘lana’2 taha.—Gatschet, Uchee MS., B. A. E., 71, 1885 (=‘ otter clan’). Shuimp (Ciimp, ‘strong’). A head village of the Ntlakyapamuk just above Yale, Fraser r., Brit. Col.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Ethnol. Surv. Can., 5, 1899. Shukhata (‘opossum [town],’ from shukhita, opossum, lit. ‘white hog’). A former Choctaw town on the site of the present Columbus, Ala.—Halbert in Pub. Ala. Hist. Soc., Mise. Coll., 1, 431, 1901. Shukhtutakhlit (Shu-qtu’-ta-glil’, ‘man- eaters’: Kaniagmiut name). A division of the Ahtena on Copper r., Alaska, next below the Kangikhlukhmut.—Hoff- man, MS., B. A. E., 1882. Shuku. AChumashan village stated by Indians to have been formerly at the Rin- con, Santa Barbara co., Cal. Placed by Taylor. near Santa Inés mission. Pueblo de las Canoas.—Cabrillo, Narr. (1542), in Smith, Colec. Doc. Fla., 181, 1857. Shuecu.—Taylor in Cal, Farmer, Apr. 17, 1868. Shukku,—Ibid., May 4, 1860, Shu-ki,—Henshaw, Buenaventura SHU—-SHUNGIKIKARACHADA [B. A.B. MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884. Xuco.—Cabrillo, Narr. (1542), in Smith, op. cit., 181. Kueu,—Rep. Geog. Surv. W. 100th Mer., vu, 307, 1879. Shulya (‘beaver’). Given by Bourke (Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 1, 181, 1889) as a gens of the Mohave, q. v. Shumasitcha (Keresan: ‘the corpse on thesummit’). A ruin of unknown origin on a mesa w. of Rito, near Hasatch, N. Mex. In modern times it has been temporarily occupied by the Laguna In- dians, during their wars with the Navaho and Apache, as a stronghold for the pro- tection of their flocks. So called from the fact that the corpse of a herder, who had been killed by a wild animal, was once found on the highest point of the mesa.—Pradt quoted by Hodge in Am. Anthr., Iv, 346, 1891. Shumig. A former Yurok village on the n. w. coast of California, at Patrick’s Point, 5 or6m.N. of Trinidad. It was not inhabited in historic times, except as a camp site, but is important in mythology. Shuminkyaiman (Shu/-mingk’ ya-i/man: Shu’-me-k‘u-li, the mythic man-bird of the Ka’ka or esoteric Shu’-me-kwe; in- k’ya, ‘region anciently frequented by, acted in,’ ete.; man, ‘home of,’ ‘sitting place of’). A hill and section of country where the Shumekuli being of Zuni mythology was captured by the Shaalako; situated about 13 m. s. of Zui pueblo, N. Mex. The whole country thereabout is covered with the stone-hut founda- tions attributed to the Pewikwithltchu (q. V-) | ! (F. H.C.) Shuminkia, —Fewkes in Jour. Am. Ethnol, and Archeol., I, 100, 1891 (given as name of ruins). Shumnac (Shum/-nac). A former Tigua pueblo, s. of the Rio Grande, in the vi- cinity of the present Mexican settlements of Chilili, Tajique, and Manzano, N. Mex.—Lummis in Scribner’s Mo., 469, Apr. 1893. Shumway Ruin. A ruined prehistoric pueblo near the town of Shumway, 40 m. s. of Holbrook, Ariz. It consists of a long house group, 2 rooms deep, and a paral- lel group having a wing at right angles at one end, and between these groups a plaza.—Hough in Rep. Nat. Mus. 1901, 302, pl. 22, 1903. Shunaiki. A ruined village claimed to have been inhabited by the ancestors of the people of the present pueblo of Laguna, N. Mex.; situated about 3 m. w. of the latter. (F. W. H.) Shungikcheka (‘common dogs’). A band of the Yanktonai Sioux. Ciin-iktceka.—Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 218, 1897. Suy ikéeka.—Ibid. Shungikikarachada( ‘they whocallthem- selves from the original dog’). A Win- nebago gens. Ge-go’-ni-na.—Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 240, 1897 (‘wolf’: archaic name). Cunk i-ki’-ka-ra’- tea-da,—Ibid. Cunk-teank’ i-ki’-ka-ra’-tca-da,— BULL. 30] Ibid. Shonk-chun’-ga-d&a.—Morgan, Anc. Soc., 157, 1877 Shungkahanapin (‘wears a dogskin around the neck,’ i. e. ‘dog necklace’ ) A band of the Brulé Teton Sioux. Ciiikaha-nap’i.—Dorsey (after Cleveland) in 15th Rep. B. A. K., 219, 1897. Supkaha napin.—Ibid. Shungkayuteshni (‘eat no dogs’). A band of the Miniconjou Sioux. Cunka-yute-cni.—Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 220, 1897. Ho-tum’-mi’-hu-is.—Hayden, Ethnog. and Philol. Mo. Val., 290, 1862 (Cheyenne name). Shunk’-a-yu-tésh’/-ni.—Ibid., 376. Sunka yute-sni.— Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 220, 1897. Those that eat no dogs.—Culbertson in Smithson. Rep. 1850, 142, 1851. Shunkukedi (named from an_ island called Shan, ‘old’). Dacotan.—Lapham, Inds. Wis., 6, 1870. >Da- kotan.—Powell in 1st Rep. B. A. E., xvii, xix, 1881. >Sioux.—Gallatin in Trans. Am. Antiq. Soc., 1, 121, 306, 1836; Prichard, ‘Phys. Hist. Mankind, y, 408, 1847 (follows Gallatin); Gallatin in Trans. Am. Ethnol. Soc., 11, pt. 1, xcix, 77, 1848 (as in 1836); Berghaus (1845), Physik. Atlas, map 17, 1848; ibid., 1852; Gallatin in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 402, 1853; Berghaus, Physik. Atlas, map 72, 1887. >Sioux.—Latham, Nat. Hist. Man, 333, 1850 (includes Winebagoes, Dakotas, Assine- boins, Upsaroka, Mandans, Minetari, Osage) ; Latham in Trans. Philol. Soe. Lond., 58, 1856 (mere mention of family); Latham, Opuscula, 327, 1860; Latham, El. Comp. Philol., 458, 1862. >Sioux-Osages.—Balbi, Atlas Ethnogr., 55, 1826. >Catawbas.—Gallatin in Trans. Am. Antiq. Soe., II, 87, 1886 (Catawbas and Woccons); Bancroft, Hist. U.S., 111, 245, and map, 1840; Prichard, Phys. Hist. Mankind, vy, 399, 1847; Gallatinin Trans. Am. Ethnol. Soe., 11, pt. 1, xcix, 77, 1848; Keane in Stanford, Compend., Cent. and So. Am., app., 460, 473, 1878. >Catahbas—Berghaus (1845), Physik. Atlas, map 17, 1848; ibid., 1852. Catawba,—La- tham, Nat. Hist. Man, 334, 1850 (Woccoon are allied); Gallatin in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, eae 40], 1853. >Kataba.—Gatschet in Am. Antiq., Iy., 238, 1882; Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., 1, 15, 1884; Gatschet in Science, 413, Apr. 29, 1887. >Woccons.—Gallatin in Trans. Am. Antiq. Soc., II, 306, 1836 (numbered and given as a distinct family in table, but inconsistently noted in foot- note where referred to as Catawban family). >Dahcotas.—Bancroft, Hist. U. S., m1, 243, 1840. >Dakotas.—Hayden, Ethnog. and Dacotah.—Keane in Stanford, Compend., Cent. and So. Am., app., 460, 470, 1878 (the following are the main divisions given: Isaunties, Sissetons, Yantons, Teetons, Assiniboines, Winnebagos, Punkas, Omahas, Missouris, Iowas, Otoes, Kaws, Quappas, Osages, Upsarocas, Minnetarees). >Da- kota.—Berghaus, Physik. Atlas, map 72, 1887. =Siouan.—Powell in 7th Rep. B. A. E., 111, 1891. Sipanum. A former village, presuma- bly Costanoan, connected with Dolores mission, San Francisco, Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. Sipiwithiniwuk (‘river people’). A epee of the Sakawithiniwuk, or Wood ree. Siplichiquin. A former village, pre- sumably Costanoan, connected with Do- lores mission, San Francisco, Cal.—Tay- lor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. Sipsisseway. See Pipsissewa. Sipuca. A former Chumashan village near Purfsima mission, Santa Barbara co., Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. ‘ Sipushkanumanke (‘grouse people’). A Mandan gens according to Morgan (Anc. Soc., 158, 1877); according to Matthews (Ethnog. Hidatsa, 14, 1877), who is evi- dently correct, a large band. Grouse Men.—Matthews, Ethnog. Hidatsa, 14, 1877. Nu-mah-ka-kee.—Catlin, Okeepa, 5, 44, 1867. Peo- ple of the Pheasants.—Bowen, Am. Discoy. by the Welsh, 126, 1876. Peuple de Faisans.—Domenech, Deserts N. Am., I, 36, 1860. Prairie Chicken, — Morgan, Anc. Soc., 158,1877. Prairie-hen People. — Matthews, op. cit. Prairie hens.—Maximilian, Tray., 335, 1843. See-pohs-ka-mi-mah-ka-kee.— Bowen, op. cit. See-poosh’-ka,—Morgan, op. cit. Siposka-numakaki,—Matthews, op. cit. Si-pu’-cka nu-man’-ke,—Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 241, 580 1897. Sipuske-Numangkake.—Maximilian, Tray., 335, 1843. Sirmiling. A winter settlement of the Akudnirmiut Eskimo on the n. coast of Baffin land, near the n. w. end of Home bay. Siaiitne Bons in 6th Rep. B. A. E., map, 1888. Sirunues. Mentioned by Barcia (En- sayo, 328, 1723) as a tribe living ou the borders of New Mexico. Unidentified, unless possibly intended for Zui. Sisa(Sis‘-d). A largeChumashan village formerly in a canyon near Santa Paula, Ventura co., Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, July 24, 1863; Henshaw, Buenaventura MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884. Sisaguk. A former Aleut village on Unimak, Aleutian ids., Alaska; pop. 91 in 1833. Schischaldenskoje.-—Holmberg, Ethnol. map, 1855. Sheeshaldenskoi.—Elliott, Cond. Aff. Alaska, 225,1875. Shishaldin.—Petroff in 10th Cen- sus, Alaska, 35,1884. Shishaldinski.—Baker, Geog. Dict. Alaska, 577, 1906 (Russian name). Shishald- inskoe,—Veniaminof, Zapiski, 11, 203, 1840. Sisa- guk.—Holmberg, Ethnol. Skizz., map, 1855. Sisahiahut. A former Chumashan vil- lage near Santa Barbara, Cal.—Taylor quoted by Bancroft, Nat. Races, 1, 459, 1874. Siscastac. A former village, presuma- bly Costanoan, connected with Dolores mission, San Francisco, Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. Siscowet, Siscowit. See Siskawet. Sisibotari. A branch of the Nevome in s. central Sonora, Mexico; so called from their chief. Described by Ribas (Hist. Triumphos, 380, 1645) as the most peace- able and cultivated of the tribes encoun- tered up to that time; they differed much from the Yaqui and Mayo in dress, the men wearing short mantles in summer and long cloaks of cotton and agave thread in winter, and the women petti- coats of highly dressed and painted skins or of cotton and agave, and also aprons, in summer, to which, in winter, was added a garment like a bishop’s gown (roqueta). Their houses were of a kind of adobe unmixed with straw. Their dances are described as having been very gay but modest. Sisichii. A former Chumashan village in ‘‘Dos Pueblos,’”’ near Santa Barbara, Cal. (Taylor quoted by Bancroft, Nat. Races, 1, 459, 1874.) Cf. Lisuchu, Sisuchi. Sisika. The Swallow clan of San Felipe pueblo, N. Mex. It was almost extinct in 1895. Sisika-hdno.—Hodge in Am. Anthr., Ix, 352, 1896 (hano=‘ people’). Sisintlae (.S?’/sinzaé, ‘the Si/niaés’). The name of gentes among the Goasila, Nakoaktok, Nimkish, Tlauitsis, and true Kwakiutl. Sént/ae.—Boas in Petermanns Mitteil., pt. 5, 130, or Si/sinLaé.—Boas in Rep. Nat. Mus. 1895, 330, Sisitcanogna. A former Gabrielefio ran- cheria in Los Angeles co., Cal., ata local- Skizz., SIRMILING—SISSETON [B. A.B. ity later known as Pear Orchard.—Ried (1852) quoted by Taylor in Cal. Farmer, June 8, 1860. Sisjulcioy (from Shi-shd/-we-ku-i). A former Chumashan yillage on the coast in Ventura co., Cal., in a locality now called Punta Gorda. Ci-ca’we-ku-i.—Henshaw, vocab., B. A. E., 1884. Farmer, July 24, 1863. Siskawet. A name, with many vari- ants, such as siskowet, siskiwit, siskowit, siskwoet, ciscovet, etc., for Salvelinus nam- aycush, var. siscowet, a large thick-bodied salmon of the deep waters of L. Superior. Its flesh possesses a fine flavor, but is so fat and oily as to render it almost unfit for food until after it has been salted and pickled. After it has been cured with salt, the fish commands in the market double the price of the Mackinaw salmon, of which it is now regarded as a variety. It is taken in large quantities by the Canadian French and by Indian fisher- men by means of the torch and spear. The name is a Canadian French contrac- tion and corruption of the cumbersome Chippewa name pemitewiskawet, ‘that which has oily flesh.’ The suffix -skawet is the participial form of the verbal suffix -skawe, denoting that a fish has flesh of a character denoted by the attributive pre- fix. The flesh of other animals is denoted by the suffix -shkiwe. (w. R. G.) Siskhaslitun (,Sis’-qas-li’-ttim). A former village of the Chetco on the s. side of Chetco r., Oreg.—Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 111, 236, 1890. Siskiwit, Siskowit, Siskwoet. See Siska- wet. Sisolop. A former Chumashan village near Purisima mission, Santa Barbara co., Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. Sissabanonase. A former Chumashan village near Santa Barbara mission, Cal.— Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 24, 1863. Sisseton (‘lake village’). One of the seven original tribes of the Dakota. They appear to have formed a link be- tween the eastern and western tribes, though generally included in the eastern division, with which they seem to have the closest affinity. Riggs says that the intercourse between the Mdewakanton on the Mississippi and lower Minnesota rs. and the Wahpeton, Wahpekute, and a part of the Sisseton has been so constant that but slight differences are discover- able in their manner of speaking, though the western Sisseton show greater differ- ence in their speech. This tribe was in existence at the coming of the whites. Rey. T. S. Williamson, who was well acquainted with the history, traditions, languages, and customs of the eastern Dakota, says: ‘‘From what was written on this subject by Hennepin, La Hontan, Buenaventura MS. Sisjulicoy.—Taylor in Cal, BULL. 30] Le Sueur, and Charlevoix, and from the maps published under the superinten- dence of these authors, it is sufficiently clear that in the latter part of the 17th century the principal residence of the Isanyati Sioux [Mdewakanton, Wahpe- ton, Wahpekute, and Sisseton] was about the headwaters of Rum r., whence they extended their hunts to St Croix and Mis- sissippi rs., and down the latter nearly or quiteasfaras the mouth ofthe Wisconsin.”’ (Minn. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1, 295, 1872.) The first recorded mention of the tribe is probably that of Hennepin (Descr. La., 1683), who said that in the neighbor- hood of Mille Lacs were many other lakes, whence issue several rivers, on the banks of which live the Issati, Nadoues- sans Tinthonha (Teton), Oudebathon (Wahpeton) River people, Chongaske- thon (Sisseton ), and other tribes, all com- prised under the name Nadouessiou. This locates the tribe in 1680 in the vicinity of Mille Lacs, not in the region of Rainy lake, as Hennepin’s map appears toplacethem. Inthe Prise de Possession of May 1689, they are mentionedas living, the greater part of them, in the neigh- borhood of the Mdewakanton, in the interior N. £. of the Mississippi. Du Luth, who was in that region as early as July 1679, found them in the vicinity of the Wahpeton. The statement that a part of the tribe was in the vicinity of Mille Lacs at the time of Hennepin’s visit (1680) in- dicates that the division into the two bands had already taken place. Pike states that the two divisions, the Kahra and the Sisseton proper, hunted eastward to the Mississippi and up that river as far as Crow Wing r. Long (Exped. St Peters R., 1824) names the divisions the Miakechakesa and Kahra, giving as the number of the latter 1,500, and that of the former 1,000. Lewisand Clark (1804) located them on the headwaters of Min- nesota r. Schermerhorn, following Pike, said they were on the upper parts of Red r. of L. Winnipeg, and that they roved on the Mississippi and also on Crow Wing r., which was the bound- ary between them and the Chippewa. Brown (1817) gave their habitat as on Minnesota r. up to Big Stone lake. According to Ramsey (1849) they then claimed all the lands w. of Blue Earth r. to James r.,S. Dak. Their principal vil- lage was located near L. Traverse. In 1854 the distributing point of annuities for the Sisseton and Wahpeton was then at Yellow Medicine r. Subsequently they were gathered on a reservation. Lewis and Clark estimated the number of warriors in 1804 at 200, and a total population of about 800. According to Neill they numbered 2,500 in 1853. The combined population of the Sisseton SISSETON 581 and Wahpeton at L. Traverse res. in 1886 was 1,496. In 1909 there were 1,936 of both tribes at the Sisseton agency, 8. Dak., and in North Dakota 980 Sis- seton, Wahpeton, and Pabaksa, repre- senting bands that fled thither after the Minnesota massacre of 1862. Two subdivisions were mentioned by Pike (1811) and Long (1824), the Miake- chakesa, or Sisseton proper, and the Kahra. Rev. 8. R. Riggs, in a letter to Dorsey (1882), gives the following bands: Chanshdachikana; Tizaptan; Okopeya- Amdowapuskiyapi; Basdecheshni; Ka; pozha; Ohdihe. Rey. E. Ashley, in a letter to Dorsey (1884), gives these, with the exception of the first, named from LITTLE SHORT-HORN, A SISSETON chief Sleepyeye, and adds the following: Witawaziyataotina; Itokakhtina; Kakh- miatonwan; Maniti; Keze; Chankute. Bands that can not be identified with any of these are the Grail and Little Rock bands, Mechemeton, Red Iron band, and the Traverse des Sioux and Wabey bands. The Sisseton made or joined in the fol- lowing treaties with the United States: Prairie du Chien, Mich. Ter., July 15, 1830; St Peters, Minn., Nov. 30, 1836; Traverse des Sioux, Minn. Ter., July 23, 1851; Washington, D. C., June 19, 1858; Feb. 19, 1867; Lake Traverse res., Dak. Ter., Sept. 20, 1872 (unratified); agree- ment at Lac Traverse agency, Dak. Ter., May 2, 1873. By resolution of the Sen- 582 ate, June 27, 1860, the right and title of certain bands of Sioux, including the Sisseton, to lands embraced in the reser- vation on Minnesota r., were confirmed. Chongas Kabi.—Bacqueville de la Potherie, Hist. Am., II, map, 1753 (‘nation des forts’). Chon- gaskaby.—Hennepin, New Discov., map, 1698. Cissitons.—Lewis and Clark, Exped., 11, 442, 1814. Kienketons.—Badin in Ann. de la Prop. de la Foi, Iv, 536, 1843 (possibly identical). Marsh Village Dakotas.—Riggs, Dak. Gram. and Dict., xvi, 1852. Marsh Villagers.—Minn. Hist. Soc. Coll., 11, pt. 2, 84,1864. Sankaskitons.—Lahontan (1688) quoted by Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 72, 1850. Sausse- tons.—Pike quoted by Schermerhorn in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 2d s., 11, 40,1814. Schahswintowaher.— Balbi, Atlas Ethnog., 55,1826. Seeseetoan.—Sioux petition (1852) in Sen. Ex. Doe. 29, 32d Cong., 2d sess., 3, 1853. See-see-ton.—Treaty of 1853 in U.S. Ind. Treaties, 879, 1873. Seeseetwaun.—Ramsey in Minn. Hist. Soe. Coll., I, 47, 1856. See-see-wan.— Ramsey (1853) in Sen. Ex. Doc. 61, 33d Cong., Ist sess, 324, 1854. Seesetoan.—Marshall (1852) in Sen. Ex. Doc. 29, 32d Cong., 2d sess., 8, 1853. See- se-ton.—Sweetser in Sen. Rep. 90, 36th Cong., 1st sess., 1, 1860. Se-see-toans.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 15, 1858. Se-see-t’wawns.—Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 84, 1850 (pronunciation). Sesetons.—Pres- eott in Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, 11, 185, 1852. Sesiton Sioux.—belcourt in Ind. Aff. Rep., 279, 1854. Sessatone.—Brackenridge, Views of La., 78, 1815. Sessatons.—Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, VI, 350, 1857. Sesseton.—Prescott in. Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, 11, 155, 1852. Shahsweentowahs.—Carver, Tray., 60, 1778. Shiveytown.—Doc. 1786 in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1st s., 111, 24, 1794. Sinsitwans.— Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 72, 1850. Sisa- toone.—Arrowsmith, Map N. Am., 1795, ed. 1814. Sisatoons.—Lewis and Clark, Exped., 1, 166, 1814. Siseton.—Prescottin Ind. Aff. Rep., 283, 1854. Sise- twans.—Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 72, 1850. Sisin-towanyan.— Williamson in Minn. Geol. Rep. for 1884, 110. Sisitoan.—Long, Exped. St. Peters R., 1, 378,1824. Sisitons.—Lewis and Clark, Exped., II, 459, 1814. Si-si’-ton-wan.—Riggs, Dak. Gram. and Dict., 186, 1852. Si-si-ton-wans,—Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 84, 1850. Si-si-t’wans.—Ibid., 74. Sissaton.—Gale, Upper Miss., 229, 1867. Sis- satones.—LewisandClark, Discov., 24,1806. Sissee- ton.—U. S. Stat. at Large, x1I, 1037, 1863. Sisse- toans.—Neill, Hist. Minn., 122, 1858. Sisseton.— U.S Ind. Treaties, 640, 1826. Sissetong.—Treaty of 1831 in U. S. Stat. at Large, VII, 328, 1846. Sissetonwan.—Neill, Hist. Minn., 80, 1858. Sissi- toan.—Ind. Aff. Rep. 1856, 38, 1857. Sissi- ton.—Nicollet, Rep. on Upper Miss. R., 18, 1843. Sissitongs.—Schoolcraft, Tray., 307, 1821. Sissi- t’wan.—Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 75, 1850. Sistasoona.—Coyner, Lost Trappers, 70, 1847. Sistasoone.—Lewis and Clark, Exped., I, 62, 1814. Sistons.—Balbi, Atlas Ethnogr., 55, 1826. Si- ’*twans.—Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 74, 1850. Songasketons.—Domenech, Deserts N. Am., II, 26, 1860. Songaskicons.—Du Luth (1679) quoted ! y Neill, Hist. Minn., 122, 1858. Songasquitons.—Le Sueur (1700) in Margry, Déc., VI, 86, 1886. Songasti- kons.—Du Lhut (1678) in Margry, Déc., VI, 22, 1886. Songats.—Harris, Coll. Voy. and Tray., I, map, 1705. Songatskitons.—Crepy (ca. 1783), Carte gé). de l’Am. Séptent. Songeskitons,—Doc. of 1689 in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., rx, 418, 1855. Songeskitoux.— Perrot (1689) in Minn. Hist. Soc. Coll., 11, pt. 2, 31, 1864. Songestikons.—French, Hist. Coll. La., II, 122,1875. Sonkaskitons.—Lahontan, New Voy., I, 231, 1703. Sougaskicons.—Du Luth (1679) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., 1x, 795, 1855. Sousitoons.—Lewis ‘and Clark Exped., 1, 101, note, 1893. Susseetons.— Ind. Aff. Rep., 495, 1839. Sussetongs.—Brown, West. Gaz., 208, 1817. Sussetons.—Snelling, Tales of Northwest, 39, 1830 (trans.: ‘people who end by curing’). Sussetonwah.—Prescott (1847) in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, I, 168, 1852. Sussi- tongs.—Pike, Exped., 49, 1810. Sissipahaw. A former small tribe of North Carolina, presumably Siouan, from their allianceand associations with known Siouan tribes. They must have been an SISSIPAHAW—SITKA [B. A. E. important tribe at one time, as Haw r., the chief head stream of Cape Fear r., derives its name from them, and the site of their former village, known in 1728 as Haw Old Fields, was noted asthe largest body of fertile land in all that region. It was probably situated about the present Saxapahaw on Haw r., in the lower part of Alamance co., N.C. They were men- tioned by Lawson in 1701, but he did not meet them. Nothing more is known of them beyond the general statement that they and other tribes of the region joined the Yamasee against the English in the war of 1715. (3. eg} Sauxpa.—Vandera (1569) in Smith Colec. Doc. Fla., 17,1857 (probably identical). Saxapahaw.— Bowen, Map Brit. Am. Plantations, 1760. _ Sippa- haws,—Martin, Hist. No. Car., 1,129, 1829. Sissipa- hau.—Lawson (1701), Hist. Carolina, 94, 1860. Sissispahaws,—Latham, Varieties of Man, 334, 1850. Sisuch. A former Chumashan village near Santa Barbara, Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 24, 1863. Sisuchi. A former Chumashan village near Santa Inés mission, Santa Barbara co., Cal. (Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861). Cf. Lisuchu, Sisithii. Sitaptapa (Si-td’p-ti-pd). A former Chumashan village on or near the site of the present town of Nordhoff, Ventura co., Cal.— Henshaw, Buenaventura MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884. Sitarky. A former Seminole village be- tween Camp Izard and Ft King, w. Fla.; doubtless named from its chief. Sitarky’s.—H. R. Doc. 78, 25th Cong., 2d sess., map, 768-769, 1838. Sitiku (Si/tiki’, or Sa/tagd’). A former Cherokee settlement on Little Tennessee r., at the entrance of Citico cr., in Mon- roe co., Tenn. The name, which can not be translated, iscommonly spelled Citico, but appears also as Sattiquo, Settico, Set- tacoo, Sette, Sittiquo, etc.—Mooney in 19th Rep. B. A. E., 531, 1900. Settacoo.—Timberlake, Memoirs, map, 1765. Set- te.—Bartram, Travels, 371, 1792 (identical?). Sit- tiquo.—Doc. of 1755 quoted by Royce in 5th Rep. B. A. E., 142, 1887. Sitintajea. A former rancheria_ con- nected with Dolores mission, San Fran- cisco, Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. Sitka (prob. meaning ‘on Shi,’ the na- tive name of Baranof id.). A Tlingit tribe, named from their principal town, on the w. coast of Baranof id., Alaska. Their territory extends over all of this island and over the southern part of Chi- chagof. Pop. 721 in 1880, of whom 540 were in Sitka town; 815 in 1890. For- mer towns in the Sitka territory were Dahet, Keshkunuwu, Kona, Kustahek- daan, Tlanak, and Tluhashaiyikan. Sil- ver Bay was a summer camp. Social divisions were Kagwantan, Katagwadi, Katkaayi, Kiksadi, Kokhittan, and Tluknahadi. See Old Sitka. (J. R.8.) §-chitcha-chon.—Langsdorff, Voy., I, 128, 1814. BULL. 30] Schitka.—Holmberg, Ethnol. Skizz., map, 142, 1855. Schitka-kon.— Krause, Tlinkit Ind., 118, 1885. Schitkhakhoan.—Ibid., 11. Seethenskie.—Elliott, Cond. Aff. Alaska, 227, 1875 (transliterated from Veniaminoff). Sitca.—Latham in Jour. Ethnol. Soe. Lond., 1, 163, 1848. Sitcha, — Holmberg, Ethnol. Skizz., map, 142, 1855. Sitka-kwan.—Dall in Proc. A. A. A. §. 1869, 269, 1870. Sitka-qwan.— Emmons in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 111, 232, 1903. Sitkas.—Colyer in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1869, 572, 1870. Sitkhinskoe.—Veniaminoff, Zapiski, 11, pt. 111, 30, 1840. ; Sitkoedi (S/ itqoe’di, ‘people of Sitko’). A division of the Tlingit at Sumdum, Alaska, of the Wolf phratry. (J. R. 8s.) Sitlintaj. A former rancheria con- nected with Dolores mission, San Fran- cisco, Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. Sitnazuak. A village of the Kaviagmiut Eskimo w. of C. Nome, Alaska; pop. 20 in 1880. Chitashuak.—Jackson in Rep. Bur. of Ed., map, 1894. Chitnashuak.—Petroff in 10th Census, Alaska, 11, 1884. ; Sitolo. A former Chumashan_ village near Purisima mission, Santa Barbara co., Cal. Sautatho.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. Sitolo.—Ibid. ; } Sitsimé. Said to be the name applied to themselves by the inhabitants of the Keresan (Queres) pueblos of Acoma and Laguna (q. v.), with their outlying vil- lages, w. central N. Mexico. Thelanguage of these pueblos differs slightly in dialect from that of the Rio Grande Queres, as well as from each other. Kan-ayko.—Loew (1876) in Wheeler Surv. Rep., Vil, 345, 1879 (misprint nm for u; ef. Laguna). Kawaiko,—Ibid.,418. Sis-stsi-mé.—Ibid., 345. Si- stsi-mé.—Loew in Ann. Rep. Wheeler Sury., app. LL., 178, 1875. Sitsimé.—Loew in Wheeler Sury, Rep., VII, 418, 1879. Tse-mo-é.—Ibid., 339 (another form). , Sits-in-the-Middle. See Many Horses. Sitting Bull (Tata”ka Yotarka, ‘sitting buffalo bull’). A noted Sioux warrior and tribal leader of the Hunkpapa Teton division, born on Grand r., 8. Dak., in 1834, his father being Sitting Bull, alias Four Horns, a subchief. As a boy he was first known as Jumping Badger. He manifested hunting ability when but 10 years of age, in the pursuit of buffalo calves. When he was 14 he accom- panied his father on the warpath against the Crows and counted his first coup on the body of a fallen enemy. On the return of the party his father made a feast, gave away many horses, and an- nounced that his son had won the right to be known henceforth by hisown name. According tothe native interpretation of a Dakota winter count his name was Four Horn, and was changed to Sitting Bull when he ‘‘ made medicine’’in 1857. The name is quite common among the Plains tribes. He rapidly acquired influence in hisown band, beingespecially skilfulin the character of peacemaker. He took an active part in the Plains wars of the’60’s, and first became widely known to the SITKOEDI—SITTING BULL 583 whites in 1866, when he led a memorable raid against Ft Buford. Sitting Bull was on the warpath with his band of follow- ers from various tribes almost continu- ously from 1869 to 1876, either raid- ing the frontier posts or making war on the Crows or the Shoshoni, espe- cially the former. His autographic pictorial record in the Army Medical Mur seum at Washington refers chiefly to con- tests with the Crows and to horse stealing. SITTING BULL His refusal to go upon a reservation in 1876 led Gen. Sheridan to begin against him and his followers the campaign which resulted in the surprise and annihilation of Custer’s troop on Little Bighorn r., Mont., in June. During this battle, in which 2,500 to 3,000 Indian warriors were engaged, Sitting Bull was in the hills “making medicine,’’? and his accurate foretelling of the battle enabled him ‘‘to come out of the affair with higher honor than he possessed when he went into it” (McLaughlin). After this fight the hos- tiles separated into two parties. Sitting Bull, in command of the western party, was attacked by Gen. Miles and routed; a large number of his followers sur- rendered, but the remainder of the band, including Sitting Bull himself, escaped to Canada, where they remained until 1881, when he surrendered at Ft Buford under promise of amnestyand was confined at Ft Randall until 1883. Although he had sur- rendered and gone upon a reservation, 584 Sitting Bull continued unreconciled. It was through his influence that the Sioux refused to sell their land in 1888; and it was at his camp at Standing Rock agency and at his invitation that Kicking Bear organized the first Ghost dance on the reservation. The demand for his ar- rest was followed by an attempt on the part of some of his people to rescue him, during which he was shot and killed by Sergeants Red Tomahawk and Bullhead of the Indian police, Dee. 15, 1890. His son, Crow Foot, and several others, with six of the Indian police, were also killed in the struggle. Although a chief by in- heritance, it was rather Sitting Bull’ssuc- cess as an organizer and his later reputa- tion as a sacred dreamer that brought him into prominence. According to McLaughlin, ‘‘his accuracy of judgment, knowledge of men, a student-like disposi- tion to observe natural phenomena, and a deep insight into affairs among Indians and such white people as he came into contact with, made his stock in trade, and he made ‘good medicine.’’’? He stood well among his own people, and was respected for his generosity, quiet disposition, and steadfast adherence to Indianideals. He had two wives at the time of his death (one of whom was known as Pretty Plume), and was the father of 9 children. His eldest son was called Louis. Consult Dunn, Massacres of the Mts., 1886; Finerty, War Path. and Bivouac, 1890; W. F. Johnson, Life of Sitting Bull, 1891; McLaughlin, My Friend the In- dian, 1910; Mooney in 14th Rep. B. A. E., 1896; Walker, Campaigns of General Cus- ter and Surrender of Sitting Bull, 1881. Sittintac. A former rancheria con- nected with Dolores mission, San Fran- cisco, Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. Situchi. A former Chumashan village situated near Santa Inés mission, Santa Barbara co., Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. Siuktun. A Chumashan village given by Tayloras having been situated near Santa Inés mission, Santa Barbara co., Cal., and said by the Ventura Indians to have been on the harbor of Santa Barbara. Seyuktoon.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, May 4, 1860. Si-ik-tun,—Henshaw, Buenaventura MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884. Siupam (or Suipam?). A tribe met by Fr. San Buenaventura y Olivares and Fr. Espinosa in Apr. 1709, at San Pedro Springs, San Antonio, Texas. The ran- cheria in which they were living was composed of this tribe, Chaulamas, and Sijames, and was estimated by Fr. Espinosa at 1,000 persons. (The Chaula- mas were probably the Xarames, for in the Spanish of that day ch and z, as well as/ andr, were frequently interchange- able. Moreover, this was the home of the Xarames.) The Pampopas, who had SITTINTAC—SIVINGANEK [B. A. B, accompanied the padres from Medina r., remained at the rancheria when the lat- ter continued their journey northeast- ward (Fray Isidro Felis de Espinosa Diario, 1709, MS). When the mission- aries returned a few days later the ran- cherias had been moved down-stream, an indication of the unfixed character of their villages. The tribe is perhaps the same as the Siguipam, of the Texas coast country, who later were at San Francisco de la Espada mission. In 1754 a portion of the tribe deserted to the Rio Grande missions, but were brought back by Fr. Bartholomé Garcia (MS. in Arch. Col. Santa Cruz, K. Leg. 19, no. 34). See Seguipam. (a. E. B.) Siuslaw. A small Yakonan tribe for- merly living on and near Siuslaw r., w. Oreg. It is now nearly extinct, a few survivors only being on the Siletz res. The following were the for- mer villages of the Siuslaw as ascertained by Dorsey in 1884 (Jour. Am. Folk-— lore, ur, 230, 1890): Khaikuchum, Khachtais, Hauwiyat, Kumiyus, Kha- Jakw, Khakhaich, Hilakwitiyus, Thla- chaus, Kwsichichu, Mithlausmintthai, Stthukhwich, Chimuksaich, Waitus, Shkutch, Paauwis, Pilumas, Tiekwachi, Kumkwu, Tsatauwis, Kwuskwemus, Kwulhauunnich, Thlekuaus, K wultsaiya, Pithlkwutsiaus, Wetsiaus, Kuskussu, Kupimithlta, Tsahais, Matsnikth, Pia, Khaiyumitu, Yukhwustitu, Kwunnumis, Tsiekhaweyathl. Cai-yu’-cla.—Dorsey, Alsea MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884 (Alsea name). K’gu-qwie’ yinné.—Dorsey, Nalttinnettinné MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884 (Nal- tunnename). K’qlo-qwec 3inné.—Dorsey, Chasta Costa MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884 (Chastacosta name). Linslow.—Drew (1855) in H. R. Ex. Doe. 93, 34th Cong., Ist sess., 94, 1856. Sainstkla,— Hale in Wilkes Exp]. Exped., VI, 204, 1846. Saius- tkla,—Ibid., 221. Sai-yu’-sla-me’ yinné.—Dorsey, Chetco MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884 (Chetco name), Sai-yus’-t‘cti-me’ ytinné.—Dorsey, NaltQnnetinné MS. vocab., B. A. E.,1884(Naltunnename). Sali- ttla,—Parker, Journal, 257, 1840. Sayonstla,— Framboise quoted by Gairdner (1835) in Jour. Geog. Soe. Lond., XI, 255, 1841. Sayousla.—Brooks in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1862, 299, 1863. Sayouslaw.—Ind. Aff. Rep.,479,1865. Sayaiskla.—Gatschetin Globus, XXXV, no. 11, 168, 1879. Saytstkla.—Gatschet in Beach, Ind. Misc., 441, 1877. Scinslaw.—Many- penny (1856) in H. R. Ex. Doe. 37, 34th Cong., 3d sess., 9, 1857. Sciuslau.—Gibbs, Obs. on Coast Tribes of Oreg., MS., B. A. E. Seinslaw Eneas,—Dole in Ind. Aff. Rep., 220, 1861. Senslaw Eneas.—Ibid., 1863, 510, 1864. Senslaws.—Ibid., 1857, 321, 1858. Sheastuckles.—Lewis and Clark, Exped., II, 474, 1814. Sheastukles.—Morse, Rep. to Sec. War, 371, 1822. Shiastuckles.—Lewis and Clark, Exped., I, 118, 1814. Sinselan.—Ind. Aff. Rep. 1867, 62, 1868. Sinselano,—Ibid., 1871, 682, 1872. Sinselau.—Ibid., 1867, 67, 1868. Sinselaws.—Harvey, ibid., 1863, 79 1864. Siouslaws.—H. R. Rep. 98, 42d Gong., 3d sess., 428, 1873. Siusclau.—Gibbs, Obs. on Coast Tribes of Oreg., MS., B. A. E. Siuselaws.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 470, 1865. Siuslaw.—Drew, ibid., 1857, 359, 1858. Suislaws.—Bancroft, Nat. Races., I, 250, 1882. Syouslaws.—Ind. Aff. Rep. 1856, 106, 1857. Tsana-utaam’/im.—Gatschet, LakmiutMS.,B.A.E., 105 (Lakmiut name). Tsashtlas.—Domenech, Deserts, I, map, 1860. Sivinganek. A village of the Angmag- salingmiut Eskimo in Sermilik fjord, &. BULL. 30] Greenland; pop. 31 in 1884.—Meddelel- ser om Gronland, x, map, 1888. Sivingarnarsik. A village of the Ang- magsalingmiut Eskimo in Sermilik fjord, gE. Greenland; pop. 31 in 1884. Sivinganarsik.—Meddelelser om Groénland, xX, map, 1888. Sivingarnasik,—Ibid., expl. of map. Siwanoy (from their having been a sea- coast people, their name may be a cor- ruption of Siwanak, ‘salt people,’ a dia- lectic form of Suwanak, aname applied by the Delawares to the English.—Gerard). One of the principal tribes of the Wap- pinger confederacy, formerly living along the n. shore of Long Island sd. from New York to Norwalk, Conn., and inland as far at least as White Plains. They were one of the seven tribes of the seacoast and had a number of villages, the principal one in 1640 being Poningo. (J. M.) Sewonkeeg.—Owaneco (1700) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., Iv, 614, 1854 (trans.: ‘western Indians’). Siwanoos.—De Laet (16383) in N. Y. Hist. Soc. Coll., 2d s., I, 296, 1841. Siwanoys.—Ruttenber, Tribes Hudson R., 61, 1872. Sywanois.—Map of 1616 in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., 1, 13, 1856. Siwapi. The Sage (Chrysothamnus ho- wardii) clan of the Patki (Water-house) phratry of the Hopi. Shiwahpi.—Voth, Hopi Proper Names, 105, 1905. Si-vwa’/-pi.—Stephen in 8th Rep. B. A. E., 39, 1891. Sivwapi winwi.—Fewkes in 19th Rep. B. A. E., 583, 1900 (wifiwi=‘clan’). f ; Siwim Pakan. A former Maidu village a few miles n. of Kelsey, Eldorado co., Cal.—Dixon in Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., XVII, map, 1905. Six. See Shakopee. Siyante. A former Miwok village on Tuolumne r., Tuolumne co., Cal. Li-yan-to.—Barbour in Sen. Ex. Doc. 4, 32d Cong., spec. sess., 252, 1853. Segantes.—Ibid., 69. Si-yan- te.—Johnson in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 1v, 407, 1854. Si-yan-ti.—Johnston in Sen. Ex. Doe. 61, 32d Cong., Ist sess., 22, 1852. Si-yau-te-—McKee et al. (1851) in Sen. Ex. Doc. 4, 832d Cong., spec. sess., 74, 1853. Typoxies.—Johnson in Schoolcraft, op. cit. (so called from their chief). ‘ Siyita (Siyi’/ta). A Cowichan tribe whose village was Skuhamen, at Agassiz, on lower Fraser r., Brit. Col.—Boas in 64th Rep. Brit. A. A. 8., 454, 1894. Skaddal. A tribe numbering 200 per- sons, found by Lewis and Clark in 1806 on Cataract (Klikitat) r., 25 m. n. of Big Narrows, in the present Washington, and mentioned by Robertson in 1846, under the name Saddals, as numbering 400. They subsisted by hunting deer and elk, and traded with the Eneeshur and Skilloot for prepared fish. Classed by Mooney as a division of the Pisquows living about Boston cr. and Kahchass lake, at the head of Yakima r. Lower Yakima.—Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., I, 417, 1855. Saddals.—Robertson (1846) in H. R. Ex. Doc. 76, 30th Cong., 1st sess., 9, 1848. Scad-dals,— Lewis and Clark Exped., Coues ed., 111, 958, 1893. Skaddal.—Ibid., Allen ed., 11, 475, 1814. Skaddals nation.—Ibid., Coues ed., lI, 1255, 1898. Skaddat,— Clark (1806) in Orig. Jour. Lewis and Clark, rv, 811, 1905. Skad-dats.—Ibid., 307. Skad-datts,— Ibid., 296. Ska’utél.—Mooney in 14th Rep. B. A. E., 736, 1896. SIVINGARNARSIK—SK AIAKOS 585 Skae (Sga-i). A Haida town of the Kaidju-kegawai, formerly close to C. St James, at the s. end of Queen Charlotte ids., Brit. Col. It is said to have been so named because its inhabitants here skinned the sea lions which they killed on the Isles Kerouart.—Swanton, Cont. Haida, 277, 1905. Skagit. A body ofSalishon ariver ofthe same name in Washington, particularly about its mouth, and on the middle por- tion of Whidbey id., especially at Penn’s cove. According to Gibbs the population of the Skagit proper in 1853 was about 300. They are now on Swinomish res., Wash. Gibbs makes this division include the Kikiallu, Nukwatsamish, Towahha, Smalihu, Sakumehu, Miskaiwhu, Miseek- wigweelis, Swinamish, and Skwomamish; but probably nothing more is meant by this classification than that the dialects of the several divisions were nearly related and the geographical position close. Nothing like political union appears to have existed among them. Hum-a-luh.—Mackay quoted by Dawson in Trans, Roy. Soc. Can., sec. 11, 7, 1891(‘the people’: own name). Sachet.—Wilkes, U.S. Expl. Exped., Iv, 149, 1844. Sacket.—De Smet, Oregon Miss., 34, 1847. Scad-jat.—Mallet in Ind. Aff. Rep., 198, 1877. Scatchae.—Gibbs (misquoting Wilkes) in Pace. R. R. Rep., 1, 485, 1855. Scatchat.—Stevens in Ind. Aff. Rep.,459,1854. Shatchet.—Farnham, Travels, 111, 1848. Skadjats.—De Smet, Oregon Miss., 61, 18417. Skadjets.—Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, v, 701, 1857. Skagats.—Lane in Sen. Ex. Doce. 52, 31st Cong., Ist sess., 173, 1850. Skaget.—Hill in H. R. Doc. 37, 34th Cong., 3d sess., 79, 1857. Skagit.— Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., 1, 483, 1855. Sk‘a’-jub.— McCaw, Puyallup MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1885 ‘(Puyallup name). Skagway ( Cgague’, a term that does not bear popular interpretation). A former Chilkat town at the head of Lynn canal, now noted as the terminus of the Yukon and White Horse railroad. Cqague’.—Swanton, field notes, B. A. E., 1904. Schkagué.—Krause (1882) quoted by Baker, Geog. Dict. Alaska, 580, 1906. Shkagway,—Nichols (1891), ibid. Skaguay.—Baker, ibid. Skagwa.—Ibid. Skahakmehu (‘numerous tribe’). A Salish division that resided where the Port Madison ( Wash.) mill now stands, but now on Port Madison res. Ska-hak-bush.—Mallet in Ind. Aff. Rep., 198, 1877. Ska-hak-mehu.—Boulet in letter, Mar. 22, 1886. Skahasegao (Skii-hase’-gd-o). An an- cient Seneca village on the site of Lima, Livingston co., N. Y.—Morgan, League Troqg., 314, 468, 1851. Skahene-hadai (Sgahéne xa/da-i, ‘Ska river people’). A subdivision of the Chaahl-lanas, a Haida family of the Eagle clan livingin Alaska. Skahene is said to mean, in Tlingit, ‘to cry over a river,’ and itis related thatat atime when this branch was almost exterminated they went u on a mountain above this river aA cried.—Swanton, Cont. Haida, 276, 1905. Skaiakos (Sqgai’agds). A Seechelt sept with many settlements but no fixed 586 abode (Hill-Tout in Jour. Anthr. Inst., 23, 1904). For general habitat see Seechelt. Skaialo (Seaid’lo). A Chilliwack vil- lage ins. British Columbia, with 16 inhab- itants in 1909. Isquahala.—Can. Ind. Aff., 78, 1878. SQaia’lo.— Hill-Toutin Ethnol. Sury.Can.,4,1902. Squehala.— Can. Ind. Aff., 309, 1879. Squiahla.—Ibid., pt. 11, 160, 1901. Squihala.—Ibid., 74, 1878. Skaiametl. A Kwantlen village at New Westminster, on Fraserr., Brit. Col. Pop. 45 in 1909, including Kikait. New Westminster.—Can. Ind. Aff., pt. 11, 72, 1902. Sqai’amEtl.—Hill-Tout in Ethnol. Sury. Can., 54, 1902. Tcé’tstlEs.—Boasin Rep. B. A. A.S.,454,1894. Skaiets (Sqai’els). A Kwantlen village on Stave r., an affluent of lower Fraser r., Brit. Col.—Hill-Tout in Ethnol. Sury. Can., 54, 1902. Skaischiltnish. A Salish division liv- ing, according to Gibbs, at the old Chim- akum mission on Spokane r., Wash. Pop. of ‘‘ Lower Spokan,’’ 301 in 1908. Chekasschee.—Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, 315, 1874. Che-kiss-chee.—Winans in Ind. Aff. Rep., 23, 1870. Lower Spokan.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 702, 1901 Lower Spokanes.—Winans, op. cit. Skai-schil-t’nish.— Gibbs in Pace. R. R. Rep., I, 414, 1855. Skaito. A camp on thew. coast of the Queen Charlotte ids., Brit. Col., occupied by Haida at the time of the gold excite- ment at Gold Harbor in 1852-60. It is sometimes spoken of erroneously asatown and confused with Kaisun and Chaahl. Kai-shun.—Dawson, Q. Charlotte Ids., 168B, map., 1878 (misapplied). Sqai’-tao—Swanton, Cont. Haida, 280, 1905. Tlg-a’it.—Boas, 12th Rep. N. W. Tribes, Can., 24, 1898 (misapplied). Skakaiek (Sadqai/zk). A Squawmish village community on the right bank of Squawmisht r., Brit. Col.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. S., 474, 1900. Skakhaus (Sk’a’-quas). A Kuitsh village on lower Umpqua r., Oreg.—Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 111, 231, 1890. Skaleksum. The Lummi name of one of their temporary fishing villages on the w. side of Lummi id., Whatcom co., Wash. Skaleksun.—Gibbs, MS. no. 248, B.A. E. Sky-lak- sen.—Fitzhugh in H. R. Ex. Doc. 37, 34th Cong., 3d sess., 75, 1857. Skamoynumachs (Ska-moy-num-achs). Given by Ross (Advent., 289, 1849) as one of the Okinagan tribes, but the name is not met with elsewhere. Skanahwahti (‘beyond the stream.’— Hewitt). An Onondaga, known gener- ally to the whites as John Buck, the fire- keeper of his tribe in Canada; died about 1893 at Brantford, Ontario. He gave Horatio Hale valuable aid in preparing the Iroquois Book of Rites (1883), and was much esteemed. He was official keeper and interpreter of the tribal wam- pum. See Skandawati. (WwW. M. B.) Skanapa. A former Choctaw town noted by d’Anville. It was on the E. side of the head of a tributary of the Sukenatcha, probably Running Tiger cr., Kemper co., Miss.—Halbert in Pub. Miss. Hist. Soc., v1, 432, 1902. SKAIALO—SK ANIADARIIO [B. A. E. Skanapa,—d’ Anville’s map in Hamilton, Colonial Mobile, 158, 1897. Skenappa.—Halbert, op. cit. Skunnepaw.—West Florida Map, ca. 1775. Skandawati (‘beyond the stream’). An Onondaga chief, of the Turtle clan, who led an embassy to the Hurons in Oct. 1647. He returned 15 Huron pris- oners and bore 7 great belts. Early in the following year the Hurons sent a new embassy, and Skandawati and another remained as hostages. The Mohawk de- stroyed the party, and Skandawati was so mortified that he killed himself. The other had a like sense of honor, but was less rash. His name appears also as Scandaouati (Jes. Rel. 1648, 56, 1858) and Scandawati (Hale, Iroq. Book Rites, 160,1883). Cf. Skanahwahti. (w.M.B.) Skaniadariio (Seneca: Skaniadai’io’, ‘it is a very fine lake,’ commonly rendered ‘Handsome Lake’’). A former federal chief of the Seneca; born at the village of Ganawagus, near Avon, in the Gene- see valley, N. Y., about 1735; died at Onondaga, near Syracuse, in 1815. By birth he belonged to the Turtle clan, and was a half-brother of Cornplanter (q. v.) on his father’s side. Although thus close- ly related to Cornplanter, he did not, like his illustrious half-brother, acquire marked distinction during the American Revolution, which was one of the most trying periods in the history of the Seneca and their confederates. On the contrary, the greater part of his life was spent in dissipation and idleness; but late in life, realizing that the worst curse of his race was the evil of drunken- ness and the traffic in liquor, he sought to establish a better system of morals among his people, who were then pass- ing through a transition period between their ancient mode of life and modern civilization. His precepts and teachings, based largely on the ancient custom and faith, but recast to adjust them to the new conditions, contemplated the regula- tion of family life by pointing out the respect and duties that should sub-ist between husband and wife and between parents and children, and the need of chastity and continence, and by the in- culcation of habits of industry and thrift. About 1796, while living at Connewango on Allegheny r., at Warren, Pa., Skani- adariio was prostrated, it is said, by epi- lepsy and partial paralysis. For four years he lay suffering, and having lost all hope of recovery, resigned himself to death. According to his own story, one afternoon he heard voices calling him out. He arose in spirit and went out- side, where, at a short distance from the house among some shrubbery, he saw four spirits in human shape, who assured him that they were merely messengers to him from the Artificer of Life. Of these, three bore shrubs in their hands, on BULL, 30] which hung several kinds of fruit, which he was told to eat, when he was at once restored by their magical efficacy. Thereupon the messengers revealed to him by means of a great number of pre- cepts the will.of the Artificer of Life, on a variety of subjects; he was further told to promulgate these teachings among the tribes of the Iroquois, and was led by the messengers into the white man’s hell, in order to permit him to witness the pun- ishments that are in store for the lawless and the drunkard, the better to enable him to warn his people of the need of reform. The watchers at his bedside thought he was dead, but after a long trance he suddenly arose, and from that time rapidly recovered health. He vis- ited the several Iroquois villages from year to year, preaching his new doc- trines with power and eloquence. It is reported that many so-called pagans gave up their dissolute habits, becoming sober and moral men and women, among whom ‘discord and contention gave place to harmony and order, and vagrancy and sloth to ambition and industry.”’ It was this reformed religion of Handsome Lake, or the so-called paganism of the modern Iroquois, that has so steadfastly resisted the advance of Christianity and education among the Iroquois tribes. At the present time the seat of this faith is in Canada, on the Grand River res., where it has about 1,200 adherents; but there are small bodies who still profess to follow the precepts of Handsome Lake dwelling on the Cattaraugus and the Allegany res., and on the Onondaga res.in New York. Each autumn these ‘‘pagans’’ assemble to hear the doctrines of Skaniadariio preached to them. In 1802, Skaniadariio with a number of as- sociates visited Washington to explain to President Jefferson the nature of their doctrine in order to receive recognition of it by the Government for the purpose of counteracting the inroads of Christian- ity. The President, through the Secre- tary of War, commended the new doc- trines in a letter, which was mistaken by the Seneca for a license permitting Ska- niadariio to preach his new faith to the Indians. (5. N. B. H.) Skannayutenate (probably from Skané- fyuté’, ‘rock again protrudes.’—Hewitt). A Cayuga village, destroyed by Gen. Sullivan in 1779. It was on the w. side of Cayuga lake, n. ©. of the present village of Canoga, Seneca co., N. Y., and nearly opposite the Cayuga towns on the E. The lake isnarrow there, and the Ca- yuga occupied both shores. (Ww. M. B.) Skanowethltunne (Ska-no’-wécl j0in’né) . Given as a Takelma band or village on the s. side of Rogue r., Oreg.—Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 1, 235, 1890. SKANNAYUTENATE—SKEAKUNTS 587 Skanuka (Sya-nu-ya). A name applied by Dawson (Queen Charlotte Ids., 134, 1880) to one of the four clans into which he erroneously supposed the Haida to be divided. It may be otherwise spelled Sg'anag’wa, and is the native term for ‘supernatural power.’’ Dawson trans- lates it ‘‘killer-whale,’’ but the more usual name for the killer-whale is sg-ana, though this animal was indeed so named because it was held to be supernatural. Dawson’s mistake arose from the fact that the Tsimshian of the mainland opposite are divided into four clans, and among the Haida the killer-whale is a very impor- tant crest belonging to one of the two clans. (GENESEE) Skaos (Sq/a’os, probably ‘salmonberry bushes’). A Haida town of the Sagua- lanas family at the entrance to Naden harbor, Graham id., Brit. Col.—Swanton, Cont. Haida, 281, 1905. Skappa (‘sandy land’). A Ntlakya- pamuk village on the &. bank of Fraser r., near Boston Bar, Brit. Col. Pop.17in 1909. Sk-apa.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Ethnol. Sury. Can., 4, 1899. Skappah.—Can. Ind. Aff., 309, 1879. Ske- pah.—Ibid., 78, 1878. Skopah.—Brit. Col. map, Ind. Aff., Victoria, 1872. Skuppa.—Can. Ind. Aff. Hep. 1904, sec. II, 71, 1905. Skuppah.—Ibid., map, Skasahah. A band of Cowichan on Vancouver id., numbering 20 in 1882, the last time their name appears. Ska-sah-ah.—Can. Ind. Aff., 258, 1882. Skatalis. An Ahtena village near the mouth of Copper r., Alaska; probably the original Alaganik. Sakhalis —Allen, Rep. on Alaska, 38, 1887. talis.—Ibid., 120. Skatehook (from peskatekuk, ‘at the river fork.’—Gerard). A Westenhuck village on Housatonic r. near the present Shef- field, Berkshire co., Mass. In 1736 the inhabitants removed to Stockbridge, a few miles up the river. Skatehook.—Barber, Hist. Coll. Mass., 94, 1841. Statehook.—Hoyt, Antiq. Res., 209, 1824. Skauishan, A Squawmish village com- munity on the right bank of Squawmisht r., w. Brit. Col. Skaocin.—Boas, MS., B. A. E., 1887. ’Skaui’can.— Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. S., 474, 1900. Skaukel. A Chilliwack village in s. aa Columbia, with 30 inhabitants in 1909. Skauke’l.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Ethnol. Sury. Can., 4, 1902. Skokale.—Can. Ind. Aff., 316, 1880. Sko- lale.—Brit. Col. map, Ind. Aff., Victoria, 1872. Skulkayn.—Can. Ind. Aff., pt. 2, 45, 1909. Skul- kayu.—Ibid., pt. I, 160, 1901. Skauton, A village near Sandwich, Barnstable co., Mass., in 1685. It seems to have been on Buzzards bay, and was probably subject to either the Wampa- noag or the Nauset.—Hinckley (1685) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 4th s., v, 133, 1861. Skeakunts (Sk°@’/akunts). A Squawmish village community on Burrard inlet, Brit. Col.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. S., 474, 1900. Ska- 588 Skeawatsut (Skéawasut). A Squaw- mish village community at Pt Atkinson, E. side of Howe sd., Brit. Col.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A.8., 474, 1900. Skecheramouse. A former division of the Salish living on the Colville trail, Wash. Stevens calls them a band of Spokan. Ske-chei-a-mouse.—Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., 1, 414,1855. Ske-cher-a-mouse,—Steyens in Ind. Aff. Rep., 429, 1854. Skedans. (corrupted from Gidansta, ‘from his daughter,’ the name of its chief). An important Haida town of the Kagials-kegawai family, formerly on a point of land which extends into Hecate str. from the rz. end of Louise id., Queen Charlotte ids., Brit. Col. The town was known to its inhabitants as Kona or Huadji-lanas. They were always on the best of terms with those of the Tsimshian town of Kitkatla, whence they imported many new customs and stories into the Haida country. John Work, 1836-41, assigned ‘to this town 30 houses and 738 inhabitants. The old. people remember 27 houses; in 1878 Dawson noted about 16 houses. It has been abandoned for sev- eral years, though a number of house- oo are still standing. (J. R. 8.) iddan.—Keanein Stanford, Compend., app., 473, 1878. Koona.—Swan in Smithson. Cont., xxI, 5, 1876. K-*’u/na,—Boas, 12th Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 24,1898. Kwun Haade.—Harrison in Proc. Roy. Soc. Can., sec. I, 125, 1895. Q!0/na.—Swanton, Cont. Haida, 278, 1905. Skedans.—Dawson, Q. Charlotte Ids., 169B, 1880. Skeeidans.—Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, v, 489, 1855. Skidans.—Boas, op. cit. (misprint from Dawson). Skidanst.—Harrison, op.cit. Skiddan.—Poole, Q. Charlotte Ids., 309, 1872. Xu/Adji lnaga’-i.i—Swanton, op. cit., 120. Skeinah (contr. of Unskiniyt). A Cher- okee settlement on Toccoa r., in the pres- ent Fannin co., N. Ga., about the period of the removal of the tribe in 1889. From a confusion of the name with the Cherokee askina, an evil spirit or malevolent ghost, it has sometimes been rendered ‘‘ Devil Town.’’ Skekaitin (Skreka‘itin, ‘place of coming up above, or reaching the top’). A vil- lage of the Upper Fraser band of Ntlak- yapamuk, on the w. side of Fraser r., 43 m. above Lytton, Brit. Col. Skaikai’Eten.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Ethnol. Sury. Can., 4, 1899. Skrka/itin.—Teit in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 11, 172, 1900. Skelautuk (Sqzla’utie, ‘painted house,’ on account of a painted post in a house there). A former village or camp of the Pilalt, a Cowichan tribe on lower Chilli- wack r., Brit. Col.—Hill-Tout in Ethnol. Surv. Can., 48, 1902. Skeleton. See Anatomy. Skelsh (Sgé/c, ‘standing up,’ referring to ‘*Siwash rock’’). A Squawmish village community on Burrard inlet, Brit. Col.— Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. §., 475, 1900. Skelten (Syz’itrn). Hai-dai.—Work quoted by Kane, Wand. in N. A., app., 1859. _=Hidery.— Deans, Tales from Hidery, passim, 1899. Kygéni—Dall in Proc. A. A. A. S., 269, 1869. x Nootka.—Bancroft, Nat. Races, II, 564, 1882. x Northern.—Scouler, op. cit. > Queen Charlotte’s Island.—Gallatin in Trans. Am. An- tiq. Soc., 11, 15, 306, 1836. >Skidegattz.—Gallatin in Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 402, 1853. >Skittagets.—Gallatin in Trans. Am. Ethnol.Soce., II, pt. 1, c, 1848. =Skittagetan.—Powell in 7th Rep. B. A. E., 118, 1891. Skittok. A Knaiakhotana village on Kaknu r., Alaska, forming part of the Kenai settlement. Chkituk.—11th Census, Alaska, 70,1893. Shittok.— Post route map, 1903. Sklau (S’k‘lau’, ‘beaver’). A Squaw- mish village community on the left bank of Squawmisht r., Brit. Col.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. 8., 474, 1900. ; Skoachais (Sk‘ddtcai’s, ‘deep hole in water’). A Squawmish village commu- nity on Burrard inlet, Brit, Col.—Hill- Tout in Rep. B. A. A. 8., 475, 1900. Skogari. The Tutelo village in 1748; situated on the n. branch of the Susque- hanna, in the present Columbia co., Pa. At the date named it was ‘‘the only towp BULL, 30] on the whole continent inhabited by Tutelees, a degenerate remnant of thieves and drunkards (De Schweinitz, Life of Zeisberger, 149, 1870). It was to this village that the Tutelo moved from Shamokin. Skohwak (Skoxwda/k, ‘skinny [peo- ple]’.—Hill-Tout). A village of the Ntlakyapamuk, on the w. side of Fraser r., about 15m. above Yale, Brit. Col. Pop. 11 in 1897, the last time the name appears. Skoxwa’k.—Teit in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 11, 169, 1900. Skuhuak.—Can. Ind. Aff. 1892, 312, 1893. Skudwa’k'k.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Ethnol. Sury. Can., 5, 1899. Skuwha.—Can. Ind. Aff. 1886, 230,1887. Skuwka.—Ibid., 277, 1894. : Skoiyase (‘place of whortleberries.’— Morgan.) A former Seneca village at the site of Waterloo, Seneca co., N. Y. It was destroyed by a detachment of Gen. Sullivan’s army, under Col. John Harper, Sept. 8, 1779. At that time it contained about 18 houses, and was surrounded by orchards of peach and apple trees. On Sept. 3, 1879, the centennial of this event was celebrated, at which time a monu- ‘ment was erected in the village park at Waterloo. (a. P. D.) Long Falls.—Fellows (1779) in Conover, Kan. and Geneva MS., B. A. E. Sauyou.—Grant (1779) in Jour. Mil. Exped. Gen. Sullivan, 142, 1887. Sa’- yase.—Morgan, League Iroq., 394, 1851 (Seneca and Onondaga name). Scauwaga,—Jenkins (1779) in Jour. Mil. Exped. Gen. Sullivan, 174, 1887. Scawyace.—Ibid., 142. Scharoyos.—Pa. Mag. Hist., 18, 1904. Schoyerre.—Grant, op. cit., 111. Secawyace.—N. Y. Ind. Problem, 224, 1889. Shaiyus.—Norris (1779) in Jour. Mil. Exped. Gen. Sullivan, 235, 1887 (or Large Falls). Skaigee.— Dearborn (1779) quoted by Conover, Kan. and Geneva MS., B. A. E. Ska’-yase.—Morgan, League Iroq., 394, 1851 (Tuscarora and Mohawk name). Skayes.—N. Y. Ind. Problem, 216, 220, 1889. Skoi-yase.—Morgan, League [Iroq., 470, 1851 (Cayuga name). Sko-ne’-ase.—Ibid., 394 (Oneida name). : Skoka. A name among herbalists for the skunk-cabbage (Symplocarpus feeti- dus), ‘‘skoka of the Indians” (Rafin- esque, 1830). The name is probably short for Lenape (Delaware) s’ kdkawinsh, ‘skunk-weed’. (w. R. G.) Skoke. A New England name for the pokeberry (Phytolacca decandra). Prob- ably derived from Massachuset m’skok, ‘that which is red’ (Trumbull), or m skwak. (w. R. G.) Skokomish (‘river people’). A body of Salish who, according to Eells, form one of three subdivisions of the Twana (q. v.).. They lived at the mouth of Skokomish r., which flows into the upper end of Hoods canal, Wash., where a reservation of the same name has been set aside for them. They officially num- bered 203 in 1909, but this figure includes the two other subdivisions of the Twana. Hokamish.—Lane quoted by Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, I, 521, 1853. Kokomish.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 302,1877. Scocomish.—Wilkes, U.S. Expl. Exped., Iv, 410, 1845. Ska-ka-bish.—Eells in Smithson. Inst. Rep., pt. 1, 605, 1887 (TWana name). Ska-ka- mish.—Ibid. (Clallam name). Skakobish.—Eells, letter, B. A. E. (Nisqualli name). Skaquah- mish.—Stevens in H. R. Ex. Doc. 37, 34th Cong., SKOHW AK—SKOWTOUS 595 3d sess., 46, 1857. Skaquamish.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, June 12, 1863. Skasquamish.—Ind. Aff. Rep. 1862, 359, 1863. Skiquamish.—Stevens, op. cit. Skokamish.—Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., I, 431, 1855. Sko-kobé.—McCaw, Puyallup MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1885 (Puyallup name). Skokomish.—Lane in Ind. Aff. Rep., 162, 1850. Sko-ko-nish.—U.S. Ind. Trea- ties, 800, 1873. S’Komish.—Watkins in Sen. Ex. Doc. 20, 45th Cong., 2d sess., 3, 1878. Sko-sko- mish.—Starling in Ind. Aff. Rep., 170, 1852. Skolai (from Nikolai, the chief’s name). An Ahtena village on Nizina r., Alaska, near the mouth of Chitistone r., lat. 61° ZAS lon t43o 772 Nicolai’s village.—Allen, Rep., 128, 1887. Nikolai.— Baker, Geog. Dict. Alaska, 299, 1901. : Skonchin, Skontchish. See Schonchin. Skonon (Sk6/ndn). _A former Chuma- shan village near Santa Barbara, Cal., in the locality now called Arroyo del Burro.—Henshaw, Buenaventura MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884. Skooke (‘snake’). A gens of the Ab- naki. Skog.—J. D. Prince, inf’n, 1905 (modern St Fran- cis Abnaki form). Skooke.—Morgan, Ane. Soc., 174, 1877. Skookum Chuck (‘strong water’). The local name for a body of Salish of Fraser River agency, Brit. Col.; pop. 102 in 1909. Skookum Chuck.—Can. Ind. Aff., pt. 2, 160, 1901. Skukem Chuck.—Ibid., 187, 1884. Skopamish. A body of Salish formerly living on upper Green r., Wash., a tribu- tary of White r., but now on Muckleshoot res. Pop. 222 in 1863; at present un- known. Green River Indians.—Gosnell in Ind. Aff. Rep., 338, 1857. Neccope.—Simmons, ibid., 395, 1859. Nescope.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, June 12, 1863. Niskap.—Gosnell in Ind. Aff, Rep., 244, 1858. Nooscope.—Ibid., 338, 1857. Sko-pabsh.—Mallet, ibid., 198, 1877. Skopahmish.—Gibbs in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 1, 179, 1877. Skope-ahmish.—U. §. Ind. Treat., 378, 1873. Skope-a-mish.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 17, 1870. White River Indians.—Gosnell in Ind. Aff. Rep., 244, 1858 (evidently intended for Green r.; see Gosnell, op. cit., 388, 1857). Skoton. One of the names applied to the Athapascans formerly dwelling on or near Rogue r., Oreg. They were included by Parker (Jour., 257, 1840) among the Umpqua. The treaty of Noy. 18, 1854 (Sen. Ex. Doc. 48, 34th Cong., 3d sess., 10, 1854) was made by the Chasta, Scoton, and Umpqua, all of w. Oregon. The Skoton were divided into the Cow- nantico, Sacheriton, and Naalye. In 1875 (Ind. Aff. Rep., 177, 1875) they num- bered 86 on Grande Ronde res. and 166 on Siletz res. See Chasta-Skoton. Sconta.—Parker, Jour., 257, 1840. Scotons.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 219, 1856. Skowl. Given by Petroff (10th Cen- sus, Alaska, 32, 1884) as the name of a town near Kasaan, Alaska. The word is undoubtedly a corruption of Sga/’oal, the name of a chief of Kasaan. If any place was so named, it was probably a small summer town or camp. (3. vs) Skowtous. A division of the Ntlakya- pamuk in the neighborhood of Nicola lake, Brit. Col.—Mayne, Brit. Col., 113, 1862. 596 Sktahlejum. A division of Salish, some- times rated as a subdivision of the Sno- homish, on the upper waters of Snoho- mish r., Wash. Sk-tah-le-gum.—Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., 1, 436, 1855. Sk-tah-le-jum.—Stevens in Ind. Aff. Rep., 458, 1854. Sk-tah-le-jum.—U. 8. Ind. Treaties, 378, 1873. Skuck-stan-a-jumps.—Starling in Ind. Aff. Rep., 170, 1852. Stak-ta-le-jabsh.—Mallet, ibid., 198, 1877. hee : Sktehlmish. A division of Salish on -Dwamish lake and r., Wash. §’ke-tehl-mish.—Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., I, 486, 1855. S’keteéhmish.—Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, v, 703, 1857. Sk-tahl-mish.—U. S. Ind. Treaties, 378, 1873. Sk’tehlmish.—Gibbs in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., I, 241, 1877. Skudus (Sk/i/das, a word used when one misses a thing by arriving too late). A Haida town of the Djiguaahl-lanas family on the n. side of Lyell id., Queen Charlotte ids., Brit. Col.—Swanton, Cont. Haida, 278, 1905. Skuhamen (Squhdi/men). A village of the Siyita tribe of Cowichan, at Agassiz, on lower Fraser r., Brit. Col.—Boas in 19th Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 454, 1894. Skuingkung (Squi/fiqui). A Songish band at Victoria, Brit. Col.—Boas in 6th Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 17, 1890. Skukskhat (Skuksvat, ‘sucker mouth’). A former village of the Tlakluit below The Dalles of Columbia r., Wash. (£.8.) Skull. See Anatomy. Skulteen. A body of Salish of Fraser River agency, Brit. Col. Pop. 122 in 1896, the last time the name appears. Skumeme (Skii-mé’-me). A former vil- lage of the Tututni on the s. side of Rogue r., Oreg., at its mouth.— Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 111, 236, 1890. Skumin (Sk'iimi/n, ‘keekwilee-house,’ the term keekwilee meaning ‘low,’ or ‘under,’ probably referring to the semi- subterranean houses of the N. W. inte- rior.) A Squawmish village community on the left bank of Squawmisht r., Brit. Col.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. S., . 474, 1900. Skunk. (1) The common name of a member of American musteloid carnivor- ous mammals (Mephitis mephitica), first appearing in English in the 17th century. The earliest citation is by Wood in his New England’s Prospect (1634). This author, as well as Josselyn (1638-63), uses the form sgunck, which Trumbull (Natick Dict., 155, 1903) connects with the Abnaki ségankw. The Cree sikdk, the Chippewa shikdg, etc., are cognate Algon- quian words. The word came into Eng- lish from Abnaki (Kennebec), in which the second syllable is nasalized. (2) Any other species of the genus Mephitis, and, by extension, any species of the genera Spilogale and Conepatus. After the skunk have been named skunk-bear (the wol- verene), skunk blackbird or skunk-bird (the bobolink), skunk-bill (the surf- scoter), skunk-cabbage or skunkweed SKTAHLEJUM—SKWAILUH [B. A. B. (Symplocarpus fetidus; see Skoke), skunk- head or skunktop (pied duck, or the surf-scoter) , skunk-porpoise ( Lagenorhyn- cus acutus), skunk-spruce (Picea cana- densis), skunkery or skunk-farm (a place where skunks are kept or bred for profit). (3) Among derived meanings are: ‘‘a vile, mean, good-for-nothing, or low- down fellow,’’ the corresponding adjec- tive being skunky or skunkish. Also there is the verb to skunk, having the senses: (a) to defeat utterly, without the other party scoring at all; (6) to get no votes in an election; (c) to leave without paying one’s bills. Sea-skunk is a term which is applied to a certain type of motor-boats. (A. F.C. Wed Skunk-cabbage. See Skoke. Skurghut (Sku/-rziit). A band or village of the Chastacosta on the n. side of Rogue r., Oreg.—Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 11, 234, 1893. .Skurshka. The Water-snake clan of the pueblo of Laguna, N. Mex. Its members claim to have come originally from Sia. The clan forms a phratry with the Sqowi (Rattlesnake), Hatsi (Earth), and Meyo (Lizard) clans. (F. W. H.) Shi/rshka-hano*h,—Hodge in Am. Anthr,, 1x, 352, 1896 (misprint sh for sk; hdnoch=‘ people’). Skutuksen (Sk'u/tuksEn, ‘promontory’ ). A Squawmish village community on the E. side of Howe sd., Brit. Col.—Hill- Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. S., 474, 1900. Skuzis (‘jumping’). A Ntlakyapamuk village on Fraser r. above Spuzzum, Brit. Col.; pop. 33 in 1901, the last time the nhame appears. Scuzzy.—Can. Ind. Aff., 418, 1898. Sku/zis,—Hll- Tout in Rep. Ethnol. Sury.Can.,5,1899. Skuzzy,— Can. Ind. Aff., pt. 11, 164, 1901. Skwah. A Chilliwack village in s. Brit- ish Columbia; pop. 104 in 1909. Skwah.—Can. Ind. Aff., pt. 2, 160, 1901. Squah,— hae 1878. Squah-tta.—Gibbs, MS. vocab., _A.E. Skwahladas (Sgod/ladas). A Haida family of the Raven clan, living on the w. coast of Queen Charlotte ids., Brit. Col. The meaning of the name is un- certain, but it has been suggested that it may indicate that they were successful fishermen. This family generally lived with the Hlgahetgu-lanas, but at one time had independent towns opposite Hippa id. and in Rennellsd. There part of them came to be known as Nasto-kega- wai. Originally they seem to have formed one family with the Djahui- skwahladagai. (Joe Skoa’tl’adas.—Roas, 12th Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 24, ae Sqoa/tadas. Swanton, Cont. Haida, 270, 1905. Skwailuh (‘hoar frost’). A Shuswap town on Pavilion cr., an E. affluent of upper Fraser r., Brit. Col.; pop. 68 in 1909. Papillion.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, July 19, 1862. Pavilion.—Can. Ind. Aff., pt. 11, 162, 1901. Pavil- lon,—Teit in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 0, 166, map, 1900. Skwai/-luh.—Dawson in Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., 1891, sec. II, 44, 1892. BULL. 30] Skwaius (Sk-wai/us). ASquawmish vil- lage community on Burrard inlet, Brit. Col.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. S., 475, 1900. Skwala (Sk‘wii/la). A former village or camp of the Pilalt, a Cowichan tribe on lower Chilliwack r., Brit. Col.; so named from a slough on which it was situated.—Hill-Tout, Ethnol. Sury. Can., 48, 1902. Skwauyik (Skwa/uyix). A Ntlakyapa- muk village on the w. side of Fraser r., Brit. Col.—Teit in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 11, 169, 1900. Skwawalooks. A Cowichan tribe on lower Fraser r., below Hope, Brit. Col.; pop. 16 in 1909. Shawahlook.—Can. Ind. Aff. 1904, see. ii, 75, 1905. Skawah-looks.—Ibid., 1894, 277, 1895. Skowall.— Ibid., 79, 1878. Skwawahlooks,—Ibid., pt. 2, 160, 1901 Skway. A Chilliwack village on Skway r., Which empties into the lower Fraser, Brit. Col.; pop. 27 in 1909. Skway.—Can. Ind. Aff., pt. 2, 160, 1901. SgQai.— Hill-Tout in Rep. Ethnol. Sury. Can., 4, 1902. Squay.—Ibid., 276, 1894. Squay-ya.—Brit. Col. map, Ind. Aff., Victoria, 1872. Syuay.—Can. Ind. Aff., 188, 1884. Skweahm. A Nicomen winter village on Nicomen slough, near lower Fraser r., Brit. Col.; pop. 27 in 1909. Skuya’m.—Boas in Rep. Brit. A. A. S., 454, 1894. Skweahm.—Can. Ind. Aff., 160, 1901. Squeam.— Ibid., 313, 1888. Skwealets (Skwed/léts, ‘coming in of the water’). An abandoned Chilliwack vil- lage on upper Chilliwack r., Brit. Col.— Hill-Tout in Ethnol. Surv. Can., 4, 1902. Skwiteague. See Squeteague. Slaaktl (Sla’axL). A Bellacoola village on Bellacoola r., Brit. Col., above Snut- lelatl. Sla’aqtl.—Boas in 7th Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 3, 1891. Sla’axL.—Boas in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 11, 49, 1898. Slahaltkam (‘upper country’). A Shuswap village at the foot of Little Shus- wap lake, interior of British Columbia. It gives its name to a band which in- cludes the people of this village and those of Kwikooi. Pop. 88 in 1906, 96 in 1909. Haltham.—Can. Ind. Aff., pt. 2, 166, 1901. Hal- thum.—Ibid., 363, 1897. Haltkam.—lIbid.,312, 1892. Halt-kum.—Ibid., 1885, 196,1886. Little Lake Shus- wap.—Ibid., pt. 11, 68, 1902. Sahhahltkum.—Ibid., 47, suppl., 1902. Sla-halt-kam.—Dawson in Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., see. 11, 44, 1891. Slana. An Ahtena village at the con- fluence of Slana and Copper rs., Alaska. Slank. A word said to be of Indian origin, but of doubtful etymology, defined by Nelson (Inds. of N. J., 129, 1894) as ‘‘a name applied in the neighborhood of Pat- erson to asmall body of water setting back like a bay along the shores of a river.”’ Slate. This material, which is widely diversified in character, was in very general use by the tribes n. of Mexico for the manufacture of utensils, imple- ments, ornaments, and carvings in gen- eral. The typical slates are characterized SKW AILUS—SLAVERY 597 / by their laminated structure, and these were used to some extent, especially for implements; but the more massive varie- ties, such as the greenish striped slates of the Eastern states, the argillite (q. v.) of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and the states to the s., and the black slate of the N. W. coast, were usually preferred. Argillite was much used by the tribes of the Delaware and Susquehanna valleys, and an ancient quarry of this material, located at Point Pleasant, Pa., has been described by Mercer (see Quarries). Material from this and corresponding quarries wasused mainly for flaked imple- ments, including leaf-shaped blades, knives, and arrow headsand spear heads, and these are widely distributed over the middle Atlantic states. The fine-grained greenish and striped slates of the Eastern and Middle states and Canada were ex- tensively employed in the manufacture of several varieties of objects of somewhat problematic use, including banner stones, bird-shaped stones, and perforated and sculptured tablets. It is probable that, like the green agates and jadeites of Mex- ico, some varieties of this stone had special significance with the native tribes. The tribes of the N. W. coast employ a fine- grained black slate in their very artistic carvings, which the Haida obtain chiefly from deposits on Slate er., Queen Char- lotte ids. This slate has the desirable quality of being soft and easily carved when freshly quarried, and of growing harder with time. It is black and takes an excellent polish, See Sculpture, Totem- poles. References to the use of slate occur in many works relating to ethnology and archeology, but are not sufficiently im- portant to be given in full. Worthy of special mention are Mercer in Pub. Univ. Penn., v1, 1897; Niblack in Nat. Mus. Rep. 1888, 1890; Squier and Davis, Ancient Monuments, 1848. W. H. H.) Slavery. It may be doubted whether slavery, though so widespread as to have been almost universal, existed anywhere among very primitive peoples, since society must reach a certain state of or- ganization before it can find lodgment (see Social organization). It appears, however, among peoples whose status is far below that of civilization. Among the Eskimo, slavery appears to have been wholly unknown, although in the part of Alaska immediately n. of the Tlingit, where the Eskimo borrowed much of Indian culture and arts, it is possible that it existed in some form, as Bancroft affirms. Dall discovered no traces of slavery in Alaska, and doubts if it ever existed there. If the institu- tion ever gained a foothold among the Eskimo it was foreign to their own cul- 598 ture and habits, was of comparatively recent introduction, and was practised only in a much modified form. Beginning with the Tlingit, slavery as an institution existed among all the N. W. coast Indiansasfaras California. Itprac- tically ceased with s. Oregon, although the Hupa, of Athapascan stock, and the Nozi (Yanan), both of n. California, practised it to some extent, according to Powers. Among the former, a bastard became the slave for life of one of the male rela- tives of the mother and was compelled to perform menial service; nor could he or she marry a free person. Such slaves seem to have been entitled to purchase freedom, provided they could accumu- late sufficient wealth. Both the Klamath and the Modoc seem to have had slavery in some form. The Klamath word for slave is lugsh, from luktha, ‘to carry a load,’ indicating that the slaves were the carriers of the tribe (Gatschet). The institution had found its way up Colum- bia r. also, at least as far as Wallawallar., where it was known to the Cayuse of Waiilatpuan, and to the Nez Percés of Shahaptian stock. From the W. coast it appears to have passed far into the inte- rior, where it was practised, probably in a much modified form, by the Indians of the Mackenzie r. region. It is said that the Etchareottine were called Awokdnak, ‘slaves’, by their Cree neighbors, an epithet which in its French and Indian forms came to be the name (Slave or Slavey ) under which they are best known. The N. W. region, embracing the islands and coast occupied by the Tlingit and Haida, and the Chimmesyan, Chinookan, Wakashan, and Salishan tribes, formed the stronghold of the institution. As we pass to the eastward the practice of slavery becomes modified, and finally its place is taken by a very different custom. Among the ‘tribes mentioned, slavery seems to have existed long enough to have secured a prominent place in mythology and to have materially modified the habits and institutions of the people. It was no doubt the origin of ideas of caste and rank widespread among tribes of the N. W. coast, but comparatively unknown else- where among our Indians. It varied con- siderably among different tribes, the most essential characteristics, however, being similar, as was the general mode of life of the peoples practising it. The above- named were fishing tribes and expert canoemen, depending for food far more on the products of sea fisheries than on game. All lived in settled villages. With all, the essential condition of rank and posi- tion was wealth, not renown gained in war. The slaves consisted of prisoners taken from neighboring tribes, chiefly women and children; and, among most SLAVERY [B. A. B. tribes, of their descendants. Over most of the area in question there appears to have been a regular traffic in slaves, the source of a considerable part of the private wealth. Jewett states in his Nar- rative (1815) that a Nootka chief had in his house ‘‘nearly fifty male and female slaves, no other chief having more than twelve.’’ Simpson estimated that slaves formed one-third of the population of the Tlingit. The price of an adult slave was about $500 in blankets; of a child, 50 blankets, about $150. Servitude in the N. W. appears to have been of a rather mild type. Slaves, as a rule, were well fed and well treated, as was natural with valuable property. The condition of the bondman indeed seems generally to have been little in- ferior to that of his master, whom he assisted in paddling, fishing, and hunt- ing, even in making war on neighboring tribes. Expeditions were often under- taken for the primary purpose of slave catching. The slaves made or helped make canoes, cut wood, carried water, aided in building houses, ete. Enslaved women and children were household drudges, performing the laborious and menial tasks which elsewhere fell to the lot of free women. The distinc- tion between the slave and the free man was especially sharply drawn in all ceremonial practices, from which slaves were rigidly excluded, and generally also with regard to marriage, for the slave usually could not mate with a free man or woman, though the Makah men, Swan asserts, frequently married female slaves. The male offspring of such marriages seem to have occupied an equivocal posi- tion between free menand slaves. Slaves seem to have had no well-defined rights; they could not own property and were subject to the caprices of their owners, who had power of life and death over them. Among the Tlingit it was cus- tomary to kill slaves and to bury their bodies beneath the corner-posts of the chiefs’ houses at the time when they were erected; but this does not appear to have been done by the Haida. At other times they were given away or freed to show that their owner was so wealthy he could easily afford to part with them. Swan states that when a chief died among the Makah his favorite slaves were killed and buried with him. Punishment for shortcomings wassome- times severe, the owner of a slave being responsibletonoone. Occasionallyslaves were killed outright in moments of pas- sion. Investigation of slavery among the tribes of the Great Plains and the Atlantic slope is difficult. Scattered through early histories are references to the subject, but BULL. 30] such accounts are usually devoid of de- tails, and the context often proves them to be based on erroneous conceptions. Had slavery existed among the Eastern and Southern tribes, we should find in the mass of documentary history as full accounts of the practice as there is con- cerning the less-known tribes of the N. W. coast. The unsatisfactory char- acter of the references should make us cautious in accepting statements regard- ing the existence of slavery. The early French and Spanish histories, it is true, abound in allusions to Indian slaves, even specifying the tribes from which they were taken, but the terms ‘“‘slave’’ and ‘*prisoner’’ were used interchangeably in almost everysuch instance. Hennepin, in his account of his own captivity among the Sioux, uses these terms as equivalent, and speaks of himself as a slave, though his story clearly shows that he had been adopted by an old chief in the place of a lost son. With the exception of the area above mentioned, traces of true slavery are wanting throughout the region n. of Mexico. In its place is found another institution that has often been mistaken for it. Among the North American In- dians a state of periodic intertribal warfare seems to have existed. Dis- putes as to the possession of land, re- taliation for acts of violence, and blood revenge were the alleged causes; but un- derlying all was the fierce martial spirit of the Indian which ever spurred him from inglorious peace to stirring deeds of war. In consequence of such warfare tribes dwindled through the loss of men, women, and children killed or taken cap- tive. Natural increase was not sufficient to make good such losses; for while Indian women were prolific, the loss of children by disease, especially in early infancy, was very great. Hencearose the institu- tion of adoption. Men, women, and chil- dren, especially the latter two classes, were everywhere considered spoils of war. When a sufficient number of prisoners had been tortured and killed to glut the savage passions of the conquerors, the rest of the captives were adopted, after certain preliminaries, into the several gentes, each newly adopted member tak- ing the place of a lost husband, wife, son, or daughter, and being invested with the latter’s rights, privileges, and duties. It sometimes happened that small parties went out for the avowed purpose of taking captives to be adopted in the place of de- ceased members of families. John Tan- ner, a white boy thuscaptured and adopted by the Chippewa, wrote a narrative of his Indian life that is a mine of valuable and interesting information. Adoption occa- sionally took place ona large scale, as, for SLAVERY 599 instance, when the Tuscarora and the Tutelo, on motion of their sponsors in the federal council, were formally adopted as offspring by the Oneida, the Delawares as cooks (an honorable position) by the Mohawk, and the Nanticoke, as offspring by the Seneca. In this way these alien tribes acquired citizenship in the Iroquois League; they were said to be ‘‘ braces”’ to the ‘‘ Extended Cabin,’’ the name by which the Iroquois designated their com- monwealth. (See Adoption, Captives). Nor is it impossible that slaveholding tribes might have substituted adoption. Indications of the manner in which such change might have been effected may be found among the Tlingit and other N. W. Coast tribes, who not only freed their slaves on occasions, but made them members of the tribe. They also some- times married slaves, which was tanta- mount to adoption. Wherever slavery did not exist, adoption seems to have been universally practised. Except that pris- oners of war were necessary to recruit both institutions, the twoare very unlike. The slave of the N. W. coast held absolutely no status within the tribe, whether he came into possession of the individual as the result of war or was bought as a slave from a neighboring tribe. Whatever privileges were his were granted as a favor, not asaright. Onthe other hand, the adopted person was in every respect the peer of his fellow-tribesmen. If he proved equal to the position assigned him in the tribe, and improved his oppor- tunities, his advancement was sure, and he might aspire to any office attainable by the individual into whose place he had been adopted. Ifthe new member of the tribe proved a poor hunter, a poor pro- vider, or, above all, if he lacked courage, his position was not enviable: he was despised, and treated according to his demerits, probably worse than if he had been born a member of the tribe. Still there was nothing in his position or treat- ment to justify the statement that he was a slave, and his ignominy and shame were probably not greater than were usu- ally incurred by the poor and worthless. It was the usual custom to depose the coward from man’s estate, and, in native metaphor, to ‘‘make a woman’’ of him. Such persons associated ever after with the women and aided them in their tasks. Such was the custom among the Pawnee, as recorded by Grinnell (Pawnee Hero Stories, 26, 1893), who also gives a still more curious custom, by which young men who had not attained any special standing in the tribe lived as servants in the families of men of position and influ- ence, and performed many offices almost menial. Dunbar speaks of these servants 600 as being parasites and as usually being the most worthless members of the tribes (Pawnee Indians, 1880). In most tribes polygamy was _ per- mitted, and it was a common practice for men to take to wife female cap- tives. As a legal wife such a woman was entitled to the same privileges as her mar- ried sisters in the tribe, but her actual treatment depended largely upon her capacities and her personal popularity. When she was introduced into a family where there already were several wives, jealousy was easily aroused, and the new wife was likely to be abused and driven to menial tasks. No doubt such women were often assumed to be slaves by the casual observer. European influence materially modified almostevery artand practice of the Indian. Nosooner had the border wars begun than the natives discovered a higher value for the white prisoners of war than adoption. Although white men and children were adopted into Indian tribes and lived and died with them, the ransom. offered in ready money, in whisky, or in powder and guns changed the status of the white captive. He was very generally held in captivity for ransom, or taken to the French, English, or Spanish, according to his nativity, and disposed of for a cash payment. Cases were not rare in which white captives were redeemed and sent back to their friends even after formal adoption into a tribe. The practice of redeeming captives was favored by the missionaries and settlers with a view of mitigating the hardships ‘of Indian war- fare. Thespread of Indian slavery among the tribes of the central region was due in part to the efforts of the French mis- sionaries to induce their red allies to sub- stitute a mild condition of servitude for their accustomed practice of indiscrimi- nate massacre, torture, and cannibalism (see Dunn, Indiana, 1905). During the interval between his captivity and re- demption, usually lasting months, occa- sionally several years, the white captive, unless adopted, was made to do menial tasks, and his lot was hard. The white prisoner, indeed, unless very young, rarely proved satisfactory as an adopted mem- ber of the tribe. He did not often take kindly to Indian life, was quick to seize an opportunity to escape, and was always welcomed back by his friends, whereas in the case of the Indian, adoption severed all former social and tribal ties. The adopted Indian warrior was forever de- barred from returning to his own people, by whom he would not have been re- ceived. His fate was thenceforth inex- tricably interwoven with that of his new kinsmen. The Southeastern Indians—Cherokee, SLAVES—SLEDS {B. A. B. Creeks, Choctaw, and Chickasaw—soon after the settlement of the country by Europeans came into possession of run- away negro slaves. The Indians were quick to perceive their value as serv- ants, and we soon find them buying and selling black slaves. There is noth- ing to show that this introduction of black slaves among the Muskhogean tribes and others materially changed the status of the Indian prisoner of war. The Seminole of Florida married many negro runaways, whose position seems to have been in all respects like that of other members of the tribe. There were, indeed, among the Seminole several set- tlements of runaway negro slaves who had their own chiefs and seem to have been a recognized part of the tribe. Europeans made a practice of enslaving or selling into slavery captive Indians. Carolina was early made by the Spaniards a hunting ground for Indian slaves, who were deported to Cuba. Numbers of the male children of the conquered Pequot were transported to the West Indies from Massachusetts and sold into slavery, while the women and girls were scattered among white families (Bradford in Coll. Mass. Hist. Soc., 11, 360, 1856). The English settlers of South Carolina prac- tised the enslavement of Indians on a large scale, and during the years 1702- 1708 sent out three expeditions against the Yamasee, Apalachee, and Timucua, of n. Florida. They carried back to Charleston almost the entire population of 7 large towns, in all, some 1,400 persons, who were sold as slaves to the Carolina settlers or distributed among the Creeks, who assisted in the enterprise. Indeed, in the early days of the colonies the en- slavement of Indians by settlers seems to have been general. See Adoption, So- cial Organization. (H. Ww. H.) Slaves. An ethnic and linguistic Atha- pascan group comprising, according to Petitot (Dict. Déné Dindjié, xx, 1876), the Etchareottine, Thlingchadinne, and Kawchodinne. Heincltded also the Eta- gottine of the Nahanegroup. The Etcha- reottine are specifically designated by this term, which originated with the Cree, who captured them in forays, and the tribe nearest to the Cree, the Etchaotine, are called Slaves proper. Sleds. The Eskimo and the Indians Nn. of lat. 40° used as a vehicle for travel and transportation, complementary to the skin boat and the bark canoe, the sled drawn by man and dog over snow and ice. The Eskimo make long journeys, using boat and sled alternately. Sleds differ in construction, shape, and use according to the materials, the ingenuity of the people, the nature of the ice and snow, the jour- neys to be made, and the loads to be BULL. 30] hauled. The simplest forms are smooth, flat substances, sometimes even blocks of ice; there is one consisting of a few plates of baleen stitched together; others are elaborately constructed. Uniform widths were adopted to enable them to follow the same tracks. Owing to frost and strain treenails and pegs were little used in construction; only lashings of good CENTRAL ESKIMO SLEDGE (Boas) rawhide thongs would hold them to- gether. In the use of these the makers were as ingenious at seizing and making knots as the Pacific islanders. The parts of asled are the runners, shoes, crossbars, handles, lashings, lines, traces, toggles, packing, webbing, and braces. These belong to the fully equipped sled, which is a marvel of convenience, but some of them may be wanting. There are four plans of construction besides numerous makeshifts: (1) The bed lashed to solid runners; (2) the bed on pairs of bent sticks spliced together or arched and fas- tened below to runners; (3) the bed rest- ing on asquare mortised frame, probably an introduced type; (4) the bed flat on the ground, the toboggan. In the E., the Eskimo, being in some places poorly provided with wood, made sled runners DOG HARNESS, CENTRAL ESKIMO (BcAs) of porous bone, pieces of which, cut to shape and pierced, were sewed together neatly. The shoeing consisted of short strips of ivory or smooth bone, pierced and fastened on with treenails or thongs, which were countersunk to preventabrad- ing. When in use the shoes and runners were coated with ice or often with blood and salt. Boas figures a complete sled SLEEPING WOLF—SLEEPY EYES 601 from Cumberland gulf, and Mason a much pieced and perforated runner from Green- land, brought by Dr Kane. In the Mac- kenzie r. district were brought together the riding and freighting toboggan, the framed sleds of the Kutchin, and varie- ties with solid wooden runners. The greatest variety of forms, figured and de- scribed by Murdoch and Nelson, .were found in Alaska. The main types are the low, flat sled without a rail, for carry- ing buiky objects and umiaks, and the built-up sled with a high rail on each side for loads of smaller articles and camp equipage. Murdoch describes a shoe of ice, 1 ft high and 6 in. wide, placed by the Pt Barrow Eskimo on the runners. Nelson figures the details of the two types of sled about Bering str., together with the whip, breast-board, swivels, and line attachers. CANADIAN TOBOGGAN (mason) Consult Boas in 6th Rep. B. A. E., 1888; Dall, Alaska, 1870; Mason in Rep. Nat. Mus. 1894, 1896; Murdoch in 9th Rep. B. A. E., 1892; Nelson in 18th Rep. B. A. E., 1901; Stites, Economics of the Iro- quois, 1905; Turner in 11th Rep. B. A. E., 1894. (oO. THM.) Sleeping Wolf (proper name Gui-kati, ‘Wolf lying down’). Second chief of the Kiowa, a delegate to Washington in 1872, and a prominent leader in the outbreak of 1874-75. He was shot and killed in a quarrel with one of his own tribe in 1877. The name is heredi- tary in the tribe and has been borne by at least 5 successive individuals, the first of whom negotiated the permanent peace between the Kiowa and Comanche about 1790. (J. M. ) Sleepy Eyes (Jsitaba, or Ishtahumba). A chief of the Lower Sisseton Sioux, of the Chansdachikana band (not a Teton, as is sometimes said), born on Minnesota r. near the present site of Mankato; he lived most of his years on the lake which bears his name in Brownco., Minn. He was prominent in the affairs of his tribe contemporary with the relinquishment of their lands in Minnesota and the removal to the reservations on the upper Minne- sota from 1850 to 1865. Sleepy Eyes be- came chief between 1822 and 1825, evi- dently succeeding Wahkanto. He wasa frequent and friendly visitor at the home of Rey. 8. R. Riggs, the renowned mis- sionary. Heard states that a party of his people participated in the massacre of the whites at the Lake Shetek settlement in 602 1862. He is described in 1836 (McKen- ney and Hall, Ind. Tribes, 11, 109, 1854) as large and well proportioned, of rather dignified appearance, good natured and plausible, but as having never been dis- tinguished as a warrior or hunter. He signed the treaties of Prairie du Chien, Aug. 19, 1825, and July 15, 1830; St. Pe- ters, Nov. 30, 1836; and Traverse des Sioux, July 23,1851. The last treaty was signed also by ‘‘Sleepy Eyes young,’’ probably a son. Sleepy Eyes died in Roberts co., 8. Dak., but many years after his death his remains were disinterred and removed to Sleepyeye, Minn., where they were reburied under a monument erected by the citizens. (pb. R. c. 7.) Sliammon. A Salish tribe on Malaspina inlet, Brit. Col., speaking the Comox dialect; pop. 107 in 1909. Klaamen.—Brit. Col. Map, Ind. Aff., Victoria, 1872 (given as N. of Malaspina inlet)., Sliammon,—Can. Ind. Aff., pt. 11, 160, 1901. Tlaamen.—Boas, MS.., B. A. E., 1887. Slings. Slings made of the skins of animals and of textile materials variously woven and plaited were in use among the ancient aborigines of Middle and South America, and are still employed by the more primitive tribes. There appears to be no absolute proof, however, that the sling was known to the northern tribes before the discovery of America, although it has been assumed that certain pellets of baked clay found in numbers in Cali- fornia mounds were intended for this use. The slings found in collections, although showing in their materials and manu- facture some local tribal characteristics, were adopted from Europeans and had no employment other than for youthful sports. (w. H.) Slokoi. A Squawmish village commu- nity on the right bank of Squawmisht r., Brit. Col.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. S., 474, 1900. Slubeama. Given asa division of Salish numbering 400 and living n. of Whidbey id., on a river of the same name. Slub-e-a-ma,—Jones eee) in H.R. Ex. Doc. 76, 34th Cong., 3d sess., 5, 1857 Slumach. A band of the Katsey (q. v-) in British Columbia; pop. 69 in 1896, when last separately enumerated. Slumach, —Can. Ind. Aff., 276, 1894. Slumagh.— Ibid., 313, 1888. Smackshop. A band of the Chilluckit- tequaw living in 1806 on Columbia r. from the mouth of Hood r. to The Dalles. Their estimated number was 800. Sinacsops. —Wilkes, Hist. Oregon, 44,1845. Smack- shops.—Orig. Jour. Lewis and Clark, VI, 67, 1905. Smacshop.—Lewis and Clark Exped., map, 1893. Smacsops,—Robertson, Oregon, 129, 1846. Smak- shop.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 460, 1854. Smascops.—Rob- ertson in H. R. Ex. Doc. 76, 30th Cong., Ist sess., 9, 1848. Smockshop.—Morse, Rep. to Sec. War, 370, 1822. Smokshops.—Am. Pioneer, 11, 191, 1843. Weocksockwillacum.—Lewis and Clark Exped., II, 239, 1814. We-ock-sock, Willacum. —Orig. Jour. Lewisand Clark, Iv, 280, 1905, Wil-la-cum. —Ibid., SLIAMMON—SMOHALLA [B. A. BE. Smalihu. A Salish division on a branch of Skagit r., Nn. w. Wash.; generally classed as a Skagit subtribe. Sma-léh-hu.—Stevens in Ind. Aff. Rep., 458, 1854. Sma-lih-hu.,—Gibbs in Pac. R.R. Rep., 1, 436, 1855. Smali-hu.—GibbsinCont. N. A. Ethnol.. T 180, 1877. Smelakoa (Smzla/koa). A Squawmish village community on Burrard inlet, Brit. Col.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. S., 475, 1900. Smith, Nimrod Jarrett (known to his people as Tsdldtihi, an attempt at the sound of ‘‘Jarrett’’?). A mixed-blood Cherokee, for a number of years chief of the Eastern band, residing on a reserva- tion in w. North Carolina. His father, Henry Smith, was a half-breed, while his mother was of full blood. Chief Smith was born on Valley r., near the present Murphy, N. C., about 1838. He received a fair education, which he supplemented from his own resources in later years. Shortly after the outbreak of the Civil War he enlisted, with a considerable number of the East Cherokee, in the Thomas Confederate Legion, organized by Col. W. H. Thomas, a Cherokee trader, and served to the close of the war as sergeantof his Indiancompany. Some 10 years later he was elected principal chief of the Eastern band, which office he held by successive reelections almost to the time of his death. During all these years he was an active worker on behalf of his people, both at home and in Washington, and always at great personal sacrifice to himself, as by reason of the refusal of the band to join the main body of the tribe in the W. they were denied any share in the tribal funds, so that most of his service was performed at hisown expense. Through his efforts the first schools were established among the East Cherokeeand the landed interests of the tribe were established on a secure basis. He died in Aug. 1893. In person Smith was of manly and lovable disposi- tion, dignified bearing, and magnificent physique, being 6 ft 4 in. in height. He was a master of both Cherokee and Eng- lish. His wife was a white woman, for- merly Miss Mary Guthrie. (3. M.) Smoen (Sm06’en). The highest gens or band of the Bellacoola peopte of Nutlel, Brit. Col.—Boas in 7th Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 6, 1891. Smohalla. An Indian prophet and teacher, the originator of a religion cur- rent among the tribes of the upper Co- lumbia r. and adjacent region in Wash- ington, Oregon, and Idaho, whence the name ‘‘Smohallah Indians’’ sometimes applied. The name, properly Shmogitila, signifies ‘‘The Preacher,’’ and was given to him after he became prominent as a re- ligious reformer. He belonged to the So- kulk, a small tribe cognate to the Nez Percés and centering about Priest rapids BULL, 30] on the Columbia in &. Washington. He was born about 1815 or 1820, and in his boyhood frequented a neighboring Catholic mission, from which he evidently derived some of his ceremonial ideas. Hedistinguished him- self as a warrior, and began to preach about the year 1850. Somewhat later, in consequence of a quarrel with a rival chief, he left home secretly and absented himself for a long time, wandering as far s. as Mexico and returning overland through Nevada to the Columbia. On being questioned he declared that he had been to the spirit world and had been sent back to deliver a message to the Indian race. This message, like that of other aboriginal prophets, was, briefly, that the Indians must return to their primitive mode of life, refuse the teach- ings or the things of the white man, and in all their actions be guided by the will of the Indian God as revealed in dreams to Smohalla and his priests. The doc- trine found many adherents, Chief Joseph and his Nez Percés being among the most devoted believers. Smohalla has recently died, but, in spite of occasional friction with agency officials, the ‘‘ Dream- ers,’’ as they are popularly called, main- tain their religious organization, with periodical gatherings and an elaborate ceremony. See Mooney, Ghost Dance Re- ligion, 14th Rep. B. A. E., 1896. (J. M.) Smok (Smdk). A Squawmish village community on the left bank of Squaw- misht r., Brit. Col.—Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. 8., 474, 1900. Smoking. For more than a century after the discovery of America nearly all the early voyagers remarked on a curious practice, described as ‘‘a fumi- gation of a peculiar kind,’’ that they found prevailing in some form almost everywhere in North America. It is narrated that ‘‘the Spaniards were hon- ored as though they had been deities.’’ Cortés is reported to have been received with incense, and it wassaid by one chron- icler that he was ‘‘met by persons carry- ing vessels with lighted coals to fumigate him.’’ The natives were said to burn in- cense to or to fumigate their idols, and the priests to ‘‘ prepare themselves by smok- ing to receive the devil’s oracles.’’ These and many similar expressions indicate that the practice of smoking was not understood by Europeans. The cigar or the cigarette was used throughout Span- ish America. Montezuma and other chiefs of Mexico were said ‘‘to com- pose themselves to sleep by smoking.” Alarcon, in 1540, found the natives on the lower Colorado using ‘‘small reeds for making perfume,” likening them to ‘the Indian tobagos of New Spain.’’ Jacques Cartier found the practice of SMOK—SMOKING 603 smoking to prevail on the lower St Law- rence. Champlain refers to the native assemblies as tabagies. Hariot says the natives took the fumes of smoke as a cure for disease, and that they knew nothing of many ailments ‘‘ wherewith we in England are oftentimes afflicted.’’ Tobacco or some mixture thereof was invariably smoked in councils with the whites and on other solemn occasions. : a CEREMONIAL SMOKING; PAWNEE (c. A. Dorsey) No important undertaking was entered upon without deliberation and discus- sion in a solemn council at which the pipe was smoked by all present. The remarkable similarity in smoking cus- toms throughout the continent proves the great antiquity of the practice. The custom of offering incense was not re- stricted to men, for women also, in cer- tain localities, are said to have offered incense _ to idols. It was not necessa- rily a reli- gious act; it was observed as a com- pliment to ‘lords and am bassa- dors.’”’ The women of Cartagena, we are told, about 1750, could offer no higher courtesy to a person than to light his tobacco for him. The Hopi, in their ceremonies, offer smoke to their sacred images, and the ceremonies of the pipe are observed with great decorum; the head chief is attended by an assistant of nearly equal rank, who ceremoniously lights the pipe, and with certain formalities and set words hands it to the chief, who blows FLORIDA INDIAN SMOKING (de Bry) 604 the smoke to the world-quarters and over the altar as a preliminary to his in- vocation. In religious ceremonies in general the priest usually blows the smoke over the altar to the world-quar- ters. In the councils of some tribes the pipe was handed to the head chief by the official pipe keeper; after lighting it he handed it on, and it was passed around in the council house, usually from left to right, until each one had smoked and thus fitted himself for seri- ous deliberation. Among some tribes the pipe, in being passed from one indi- vidual to another during a ceremony, is differently grasped and held, according to the nature of the ceremony or to the taboo obligation of the individual. Among other tribes the decoration of pipes, and especially of the pipe stems, has great ceremonial and ethnic signifi- cance; even the attachment holding the pipe to the stem is fixed with special care, and the early death of an indi- vidual, or other calamity, it was be- lieved, would ensue were the pipe dropped from the stem duringaceremony. Every individual engaging in war, hunting, fishing, or husbandry, and every clan and phratry made supplication to the gods by means of smoke, which was be- lieved to bring good and to arrest evil, to give protection from enemies, to bring game or fish, allay storms, and protect one while journeying. Smoking was early introduced from America into Europe and spread to the most distant parts of the world with astonishing rapidity until it encircled the globe, returning to America by way of Asia. Itshould be said, however, that the act of inhaling and exhaling smoke through a tube for medicinal purposes was certainly known to the ancients in Europe and Asia from a time antedating the Christianera. The fear that smoking would cause degeneration of the race or affect injuriously the revenues of the gov- ernment caused stringent edicts to be passed against the use of tobacco, the vio- lation of which was punished sometimes with death. See Pipes, Tobacco, and the authorities thereunder cited. (J. D. M.) Smulkamish. A small band of Salish formerly on upper White r., Wash., as- sociated with the Skopamish; afterward on Muckleshoot res. Pop. about 183 in 1870, butno longerseparately enumerated. S’Balahco.—Gosnell in Ind. Aff. Rep., 338, 1857. Smalh,—Ross, ibid., 1869, 135, 1870. Smalh-kah- mish,—Treaty of 1855 in U.S. Ind. Treaties, 378, 1873. Smel-ka-mish.—Stevens in Ind. Aff. Rep., 458, 1854. Smuleoe.—Gosnell, ibid., 244, 1855. Smul-ka-mish.—Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., I, 436, 1855. Sobal-ruck.—Ross in Ind. Aff. Rep., 17, 1870 (probably identical). White River Indians.— Gosnellin Ind. Aff. Rep., 338, 1857. Smuttuns. Said to be a division of Sa- SMULKAMISH—SNAKE DANCE [B. A. BL lish contiguous to the Nooksak, near the n. w. boundary of Washington.—Fitzhugh in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1857, 328, 1858. Smutty Bear. A head-man of the Yank- ton Sioux, who first appears as a signer of the treaty of Portage des Sioux in 1815. He signed also the trade and intercourse treaty at Ft Kiowa in 1825, and the treaty relinquishing title to the Yankton lands in 1858. Soon after, however, he led a strong faction of his tribe in hostil- ity to the treaty, but was out-maneu- vered by his contemporary chief, Struck- by-the-Ree. After the removal of the tribe to their reservation near Ft Ran- dall, S. Dak., in 1859, Smutty Bear, then very old, lost his influence and soon died. (D. R.) Snakaim. An unidentified body of Ntlakyapamuk on or near Fraser r., Brit. Col. Pop. 40 in 1901, the last time the name appears. §-na-ha-em.—Can. Ind. Aff. 1885, 196, 1886. Sna- haim.—Ibid. 1886, 230, 1887, Snahain,—Ibid. 1897, 363, 1898. Snakaim.—Ibid., pt. 11, 166, 1901. Snake dance. A noteworthy ceremony of the Hopi Indians of Arizona, in which live snakes are carried. It is held every 2 years, alternating with the Flute cere- mony, in the Hopi pueblos of Walpi, Mishongnoyi, Shipaulovi, Shumopovi, and Oraibi, by the Snake and Antelope fraternities conjointly about Aug. 20. Each fraternity meets in separate under- . ground kivas, and each holds a publie “dance”? at the conclusion of certain secret rites conducted during the pre- ceding 8 days. The striking features of the complicated secret rite are the gath- ering of snakes from the world-quarters, the making of the sand altar, the snake washing, the snake drama, and the races which occur on the mornings of the days of the public ‘‘dance’’ of the Snake fra- ternity. In the afternoon the Antelope celebrants file from their kiva, painted and attired in the traditional costume consisting of headdress, necklace, bando- lier, armlets, kilt, anklets, moccasins, and a tortoise-shell rattle bound to the knee, and march to the plaza, about which they circle four times, each man stamp- ing on a small board set in the ground in notification to the beings of the under- world that aceremony is goingon. They then form in line on each side of a small shelter of cottonwood boughs, called a kisi, erected at the margin of the plaza, and sound their rattles. The Snake priests follow in the same order and form in line, facing the Antelope priests. A low chant begins, gradually intensify- ing in volume; the lines sway in undu- lating curves, the motion increases with the chant until the movement culminates in a dance-like restrained leap. The snake dancers at once form in groups of three and dance with a hopping step un- BULL. 30] til they arrive before the kisi where the snakes and snake passer are concealed. The carrier drops to his knees and _ re- ceives a snake, grasps it by the middle in his mouth, and, rising, dances four times around the plaza, when he drops the snake, which is immediately picked up by the collector. The carrier then returns to the kisi, obtains another snake, and goes through the same process. The carrier is assisted by a companion, who passes one hand over his shoulder and HOPI ANTELOPE PRIEST, SNAKE DANCE waves before the snake, with the other hand, a snake whip, consisting of a short staff to which are attached two eagle feathers; this is for the purpose of caus- ing the snakes to uncoil and run, when they are picked up with great celerity. While the dance is progressing a group of women and maidens in picturesque costume stand at one side of the plaza and sprinkle the dancers with sacred meal from basket trays. SNAKE DANCE 605 When the snakes have all been carried, the participants pause while a ‘‘six-direc- tions picture’’ insacred corn-mealisdrawn on the ground. At a signal the collec- tors throw the snakes on the meal; then a wild scramble ensues, and one by one the priests emerge with snakes in their hands and rush down the rocky trail of the mesa to release the reptiles at various’ points below the pueblo. Returning, the priests are given an emetic drink, made from herbs, and undergo a thorough puri- fication. The ceremony closes with feast- ing and games by the entire populace. The Snake dance is celebrated princi- pally asa prayerforrain. The legendas to its origin recounts that the children of the union of the Snake Hero and the Snake Maid were transformed into snakes, hence snakes are regarded by the Hopi as their elder brothers and are thought to be powerful in compelling the nature gods to bring rain. For this purpose they are set free at the close of theceremony. The snake rite is thought to have been originally an obser- vance of the ancient Snakeclan, which fur- nishes the chief of thesociety. Thecere- mony is believed to represent an agree- ment between the Snake and Antelope clans to hold joint celebration of their re- spective rites, which no doubt conflicted when the clans orig- inally came to live together. Some ri- valry is still obser- vable in connection with the assumed efficiency of the rain charms of the two societies. Two species of rattlesnake and the bull and the whip snake are carried in the dance. The latter two are not venomous. The cele- brants are rarely bitten by the dangerous snakes, a fact due largely to careful hand- ling and to the ‘‘herding’’ to which the snakes have been subjected between the time when they are gathered and the dance. The Snake dance formerly must have been widely distributed among the Pueblo tribes, as remnants of it are found at Zuni, Laguna, Acoma, Sia, and Cochiti, and among other Rio Grande villages. That it was practised in Mexico is evi- denced by a picture in Sahagun’s Historia. The Yokuts of California held a rattle- snake ceremony, Jatulowis, which from Powers’ description (Cont. N. A. Ethnol., Lae Me Hopi SNAKE PRIEST (santa FE RaiLway) 606 111, 380, 1877) was similar in some respects to the Hopi dance. For detailed information see Bourke, Snake Dance of the Moquis of Arizona, 1884; Dorsey and Voth, Mishongnovi Ceremonies of the Snake and Antelope Fraternities, Field Colunibian Mus. Pub., HOPI SNAKE DANCE Anthr. ser., 111, no. 3, 1902; Fewkes, Snake Ceremonials at Walpi, Jour. Am. Ethnol. and Archeol., tv, 1894, and Tusayan Snake Ceremonies, 16th Rep. B. A. E., 1897; Hodge, Pueblo Snake Ceremonials, Am. Anthr., rx, 1896; Hough, MokiSnake Dance, 1898; Stevenson, The Sia, in 11th Rep. B. A. E., 1894. (WwW. H.) Snake River. A Chippewa band on Mille Lac res., Minn.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 250, 1877. Snakes. A name applied to many dif- ferent bodies of Shoshonean Indians, but most persistently to those of ©. Oregon, to which the following synonyms refer. These Indians form one dialectic group with the Paviotso of w. Nevada and the Mono of s. £. California. The principal Snake tribes were the Walpapi and the Yahuskin. For others, see Wono-Paviotso, Shoshonean Family. (J. RB. 8.) Aigspaluma.—Gatschet in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 1, pt. 1, xxxiii, 1890 (‘Chipmunk people’; applied by the Warm Springs Indians to Oregon Shoshoni and Klamath). Sai/-du-ka.—Powers, Inds. W. Ne- vada, MS., B. A. E., 1876. Sa’t.—Gatschet, MS., B. A. E. (Klamath and Modoc name for all Shoshonean Indians; sig. ‘unclean,’ ‘disheveled,’ ‘of low character’). Sha’t.—Ibid. Shitaikt,— Mooney, inf’n, 1900 (Tenino name, especially for the Shoshoneansof Warm Springs, Oreg.). Shne’- gitsuish.—Gatschet, MS., B. A. E. (Shasta name for a ‘‘Snake”’ Indian). Shoshoni.—Lewis and Clark Exped., 11, 594, 1817. r Snakestown. A former village, perhaps of the Delawares, on Muskingum r., Ohio, in 1774.—McKee (1774) quoted by Rupp, W. Penn., app., 211, 1846. Snakwametl (Snd’/kwametl). same shell (evi- dently the po- quathock); they were polished as smooth as glass, and were strung through holes drilled through their centers; the purple or dark-colored beads were more yalu- able than the white, bringing among the Indian traders 18 pence per yard, while the white brought only 9 pence; and that these Indians made of these shell beads pipes (probably tubular ob- jects), 2 or 3 in. long and ‘‘thicker than ordinary, which are much more valuable;’”’ that they also made rwntees of the same shell, grinding them smooth as the beads of the peak, ‘‘the strung beads,’’ and that these runtees were either large like an oval bead, drilled through the length of the oval, or they were flat and circular, nearly an inch inwidth and 4 in. thick, and were drilled edgewise. The peak, the runtees, and the ‘‘pipes,’’ he continues, were used for cor- onets, bracelets, belts, or else the shell beads were made into long strings to hang down before the breast, to lace up their garments, or to adorn their tomahawks (Arter LaFitau) BULL. 30] and other weapons and implements; lastly, he adds, that these Indians made another kind of beads, of less value than ’ the other, from the cockle shell, which was broken into small fragments, which were left with rough edges, and drilled through in the same manner as the other shell beads forming the peak; these rough- edged ‘‘beads’’ were called roenoke (the ronoak of Lawson), and they were used in the same manner as the peak or strung beads. To the Iroquois and to many other In- dians white as a color was auspicious, and its use in ritual and ceremony therefore indicated peace, health, welfare, and pros- perity—ideas expressed by white wam- pum when ceremonially employed; on the contrary, black as a color was inaus- picious, and its use therefore indicated hostility, sorrow, death, condolence, and mourning—ideas expressed by dark or purple wampum when ceremonially em- ployed; nevertheless the dark or purple variety of wampum was commercially much more valuable than the white kind, and the darker its shade the more valu- able it was. Commonly the ratio was as one to two. In commercial transactions Wampum was used strung or unstrung. In trade it was usually exchanged by count when loose, by the string, or by the fathom. The fathom was a count. Williams (Key, chap. xiv) says that pitickquat was the native name for 10 sixpence, or 60 pence, and that this was called nquittémpeg, that is, ‘one fathom,’ 5 shillings. Soa fathom wasa count of beads, the number of which was deter- mined by the number legally current for apenny. Williams said that 6 white and 3 black beads were current for a penny; therefore at this ratio 360 white and 180 black beads constituted a fathom. A large portion of the white shell beads was consumed in the manufacture of va- rious articles of personal adornment and in the embroidery of various articles of raiment for both men and women. For use in public affairs and in official communications, in ritualistic and fiducial transactions, wampum was wrought into two well-known products—strings, often tied into bundles or sheaves of strings, and belts or scarfs or sashes. The first variety was made originally by stringing the wampum beads on small strands of skin or sinew, and later on astrong thread or on several threads twisted together; these strings of shell beads were called “branches”? by French writers gener- ally, probably including the bunches or sheaves. In making these strings of beads it was possible, by using all white, all purple, or by a combination of the two colors in definite proportions, regulated by the color symbolism of the people, to WAMPUM 907 convey mnemonically a variety or a dif- ference of ideas, indicated by the propor- tion, the sequence of the two colors, and the figures or outlines portrayed by them on the strand or string; for example, there might be one white bead and then one purple bead alternately on the strand, or a white bead and then two purple beads alternately, or there might be two or more white beads followed by two or more purple beads alternately on the strand; or the strand might be composed one half of white and the other half of purple beads; or one half of the string of beads might be arranged in one way and the other half in another. Thus it was pos- sible by these simple devices to indicate by means of the two available colors a number of combinations, differing one from another sufficiently to convey a number of ideas without much chance for confusion. The white strings tinged red by vermilion or some other red color were used asa challenge or declaration of war, or as an invitation to friends to join ina war. For these reasons some strings of beads consisted wholly of white beads, while others were composed entirely of purple or dark beads. A string composed entirely of dark beads is the ofticial string THE PENN TREATY BELT of beads by which one of the Iroquois tribes notifies its brother and cousin tribes of the death of one or more of its chiefs. White strings were commonly employed in matters of ordinary routine, requiring only some degree of formality, or merely as preliminary exhibits to others of more and deeper import. The second kind of shell-bead product was the more or less broad sash, scarf, or belt, on which the white and the purple beads, first suitably proportioned on strings, were fastened to- gether by small strands of sinew or skin in such manner as to form a neat and dur- able fabric. By suitable combinations of the two colors dominant in the beads va- rious symbolic figures and devices were neatly and deftly wrought into the body of the belt orscarf. Sometimes the fabric took the form ofasymbolicsun. But the breadth and length of the belt or sash, and the proportions of the white and the purple beads composing it, were naturally determined by the nature and importance of the occasion for its use. According to Lafitau (1724), a very good authority, the usual size of a belt in his time was 11 strands of 180 beads each, or about 1,980 wampum beads. There are references to belts composed of 6,000 and 7,000 beads, 908 and proportionately long. Some belts were employed to convey a double mes- sage—that is, one half to one person and the other half to another, or two messages to one person or people. The chiefs and the elders of the people were accustomed to assemble to rehearse the matters mnemonically connected with the several wampum strings, sheaves of strings, and belts in their keeping. In complex and important affairs, certain of these annalists were charged with re- membering only a particular portion of the record, while to others were entrusted other portions, thereby rendering it the more easy to remember the details of the entire matter without forgetting any material circumstance. To aid these annalists and others they devised the complex and varied forms of wampum strands, sheaves, and belts already noted. Belts were used for various purposes, as the ratification of treaties, the con- firmation of alliances, and the authentica- tion of proposals made by one people to another. In addition to packs of skins and furs, the public treasure of a people, such as the tribes of the Iroquois league, con- sisted largely of wampum, together with thestrands, bunches, or sheaves of strings or strands, and the belts, scarfs, or sashes made from it, as above described. Not having the use of writing of any kind, the Indians, naturally apt to forget events and occurrences happening among them, devised the variety of uses for wampum and its products. In addition to the descriptive names or merely denotive designations of wampum and the things made from it, a number of terms of political import were applied to these wampum strings and belts by the Iroquoian tribes, which indicate the importance attached to these several objects. By all these tribes the term kand’ ‘sd, ‘a braid or plaited object,’ was applied to strings of wampum of what- ever nature. The Mohawk applied the term gaion’n? to the belt of wampum, while the Onondaga and the Seneca use kas‘hwewt@. Figuratively, and perhaps ceremonially, these people apply the fol- lowing names to wampum employed officially and formally: kari/‘hwda@ (gai’- ‘hwa’, dialectic variant), ‘the business, the affair, or the authentic credential’; gaweéen’nd@, ‘the voice, the word, or the proposition,’ because every proposal of a public nature, as an edict, required for its authentication a belt or a string of wampum according to its importance and to the exigency of the case; and kdian- ever’ ‘sera (gdianen’ ‘sd’, a dialectic va- riant), ‘welfare,’ ‘the commonwealth,’ ‘justice,’ here ‘the law.’ For wampum the Mohawk have the name oneko’r‘ha’, WAMPUM [B. A. B. which by strict dialectic changesof sounds (n=t, and the dropping of r) becomes otko’’@, which is the Onondaga and the Seneca name for it. The Dutch about New York (Man- hattan) applied the Algonquian term sewan (also written sewant, sewared, zee- wand, etc.), ‘scattered or loose (beads) ,’ to all shell beads, in the same manner that the English called all peage, or strung beads, wampum, ‘white.’ The Dutch applied the name Sewan hacky, ‘Wam- pum land,’ to Long Island, perhaps in imitation of the natives, for it was noted for its abundance of shells suited to shell- bead making. In New England mow- hackees, ‘black beads,’ was used. As early as 1640, in New England and especially in New Netherland, there was much trouble and discontent owing to the manufacture of counterfeit and un- finished wampum. It was complained that payments were made in nothing but rough, unpolished stuff, while the good, polished beads, commonly called ‘‘Man- hattan wampum,’’ was exported, con- cealed, or at least not to be had at all. Many ordinances of the Director and Council of New Netherland were passed in more or less successful attempts to remedy this growing evil. The following citation from such an ordinance, passed May 30, 1650, shows to what an alarming extent wampum was counterfeited: ‘‘Whereas, we have by experience, and for a long time seen the decline and daily depreciation of the loose wampum among which are circulating many with holes and half finished; also some of stone, bone, glass? muscle-shells, horn, yea, even of wood and broken beads, together with the manifold complaints of the inhabit- ants that they cannot go to market with such wampum, nor obtain any commodi- ties, not even a small loaf of white bread or pot of beer from the traders, bakers, or tapsters for loose wampum. ... in order hereby to prevent the further im- portation of all lump and unperforated wampum, so as in future to obviate all misunderstanding, the Hon’ble Director and Council aforesaid, do ordain that the commercial shall pass and be good pay as heretofore, to wit, six white or three black for one stiver; on the contrary, poor strung wampum shall pass eight white and four black for one stiver [sti- ver=one penny ].”’ On the Pacific coast, according to Pow- ers, Gibbs, and other writers, immense quantities of shell money or beads were in circulation, the value of which fluctu- ated greatly from tribe to tribe. Much of it was made from the so-called tusk- shell, a species of dentalium, which was obtained in the following manner: Tothe end of a suitable pole a strip of wood was BULL. 30] secured, being placed transversely to the line of the pole, and first studded with bone or wooden teeth. From the bow of acanoe or boat, propelled usually by a woman, the tusk-shell fisher stood and carefully prodded the sands at the bottom of the water a number of times with his comblike instrument, and then drew it up to see whether any of the shells had become impaled on the teeth of the in- strument. Sometimes four or five of the shells were brought up, and sometimes none atall. This wasa practical method of obtaining these shells, as they are not found between tide marks. The form of this shell, which gave it its name of tusk- shell, is tooth- or fang-shaped, having an orifice at both ends. A fine specimen is about 3 in. in length, but usually they are much shorter. With the small end in- variably downward, it is found burrowed in the sand in from 4 to 8 fathoms of water in sheltered harbors or inlets. The women string these shells neatly on bits of dried sinew; they are afterward orna- mented with fragments of haliotis shell and with tufts of mountain-goat’s wool. A string of 25 of these shells, which, placed’ end to end, reached one fathom or 6 ft, was called a hiaqua (q. v.) and was the standard of value. The short or broken shells were strung in like manner, and these inferior strings were called kopkops, of which 40 were equal in value to one hiaqua. Bands or belts were also made of dentalium shells, and these also served as currency and for ornament. But according to Gibbs ‘‘forty to the fathom’”’ was the standard, or one hiaqua, which would purchase as a rule onemale and two female slaves: this was approxi- mately £50 sterling. According to Pow- ers and others d/li-co-chick was the name of this tusk-money in California. In the central and southern part of the state there was a staple currency known as hawock, or hawok, made from the shells of ‘‘a bivalve, a ponderous clam when adult.’? The shell was cut into small disks, of which the larger were worth about 25 cents and the smaller about 4 cents. Some of the disks, 2 in. in diame- ter and 4 in. in thickness, were worth a dollar apiece. Powers mentions a neck- lace of hawok, worn by a young woman, which was 10 yds long, consisting of 1,160 pieces, and was worth about $225. The olivella shell money was known as kol- kol, or col-col. The shell was prepared by simply grinding off the apex and stringing it mouth-to-mouth with others. This money, it is said, was ‘‘slightly esteemed,’’ perhaps owing to the great abundance of the species. The abalone or haliotis shell money was known as uhl-lo or iil-lo; this was made from a very beautiful shell, rather too large and cum- WAMPUM 909 bersome to be used as money. The shell was prepared for use by cutting it into oblong strips from 1 in. to 2 in. long and about 4in. in width. Holes were drilled near one end of the strip, and the strips were then strung edge to edge. Ten pieces constituted a string. The larger pieces were worth $1 apiece, thus mak- ing the value of a string about $10. The literature pertaining toshell money and to shell objects is extensive. The more important writings on the subject are: Barber and Howe, Hist. Coll. N. J., 1844; Beach, Indian Miscel., 295, 1877; Beauchamp (1) in Am. Antig., Mar. 1889; (2)in Bull. N. Y. State Mus., vii, no. 41, 1901, with bibliog.; Beverley, Hist. Va., bk. 111, 58, 1705; Boas, (1) in Rep. Brit. A. A. S., 36, 1889; (2) in Rep. on N. W. Tribes Can., 85, 1890; Bradford in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 4th s., 3, 234-35, 335-36, 1856; Brinton, Myths of the New World, 1903; Burnaby, Travelsin N. Am., 60, 1775; Bushnell in Jour. Anthr. Inst. Gt. Brit., xxxv1, 172, 1906; Cartier in Hakluyt, Voy., 11, 272, 1600, repr. 1810; Carver, Travels, 235, 1796; Cox, Adventures, 332-33, 1831; Eells in Smith- son. Rep. 1887, 647, 1889; Forsyth, Acct. Man. and Cust. of the Sauk, 3, 1826; God- dard in Univ. Cal. Pub., 1, 49, 1903; Goo- kin (1674) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1st s., I, 152, 1792; Hale in Am. Nat., xvi, 1884; Holm (1646) in Mem. Hist. Soe. Pa., 111, 1834; Holmes in 2d Rep. B. A. E., 179, 1883; Ingersoll in Am. Nat., xvi, no. 5, 1883; Jewitt, Narr., 76, 1815; Jones, Antiq. So. Ind., 1873; Josselyn, Acct. Two Voy. to New Eng., 1865; Kane, Wanderingsin N. Am., 238,1859; Lawson (1714), Hist. Car., 1860; Lord, Naturalist in Brit. Col., m, 22, 1866; Morgan, (1) League of the Iroq., 1904; (2) in Rep. N. Y. State Mus., 5, 71, 73, 1852; Norton in Am. Mag., Mar. 1888; Penn in Har- vey, Hist. Shawnee Inds., 20, 1855; Pow- ers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., m1, 1877; Pratt in Proc. Davenport Acad. Sci., 11, 1876; Proud, Hist. Pa.,1, 133-34, 1797-98; Ross, Adventures in Oregon, 95, 1849; Rutten- ber, Ind. Tribes Hudson R., 26, 1872; Smith, Hist. N. Y., 11, 42, 1829; Stearns, (1) in Rep. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1887, 297-334, 1889, with bibliography; (2) in Proce. Cal. Acad. Sci., July, 1873; (3) in Am. Nat., x1, 1877; Stites, Economics of the Iroq., 1905; Thompson, Hist. Long Island, 1, 84-88, 1843; Timberlake, Memoir, 50, 62, 1765; Townshend, Quinnipiack Inds., 33, 1900; Trumbull, Hist. Conn., 52, 1818, repr. 1898; Van der Donck, Descrip. New Netherlands, 206, 1841; Weeden, Indian Money, 1884; Whipple, Pac. R. R. Rep., mt, 115, 1856; Williams (1643), Key into Lang. of Amer., 1827 and 1866; Wood- ward, Wampum, 1378. (J. N. B. H.) Wampum, The. See Waumegesako, 910 Wamsutia. Cotton cloth manufactured at the Wamsutta mills at New Bedford, Mass., named aftera Massachusetsachem, the eldest son of Massasoit. The name is apparently a contraction of Womosutta, ‘Loving-heart’. (Ww. R. G.) Wanaghe ( Wanaze, ‘ghost’). A divi- sion of the Kansa.—Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 231, 1897. Wanamakewajenenik (‘people eating meat out of skin bags’—that is, ‘pemmi- can-eaters’). A Chippewa band formerly living near Lake of the Woods, on the n. border of Minnesota. Tecomimoni.—Chauvignerie (1736) quoted by Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, m1, 556, 1853. Wana- make-wajéenenik.—Long, Exped. St. Peter’s R., I, aie Wanama kéewajink.—_Wm. Jones, ini’n, Wananish. See Ouananiche. Wanashquompskqut. See Squam. Wanatah. A Potawatomi village for- merly in La Porte co., Ind., a short dis- tance kr. of the present Wanatah.—Hough, map in Indiana Geol. Rep. 1882, 1883. Waneta (‘TheCharger’). A Yanktonai Sioux of the Pabaksa or Cuthead band, son of Shappa or Red Thunder; born on Elm r., in the present Brown co.,8. Dak., about 1795. He enlisted with his father in the English servicein the War of 1812, and fought valiantly at Ft Meigs and San- dusky, winning his name by his bravery in charging the Americans in the open, and being seriously wounded in the battle at the latter place. After the war he was given a captain’s commission by the Brit- ish, and visited England. He continued to sympathize with the British until 1820, when he attempted to destroy Ft Snelling by stealth, but being thwarted in his en- terprise by Col. Snelling, he afterward heartily supported American interests. Waneta was a dominant chief of the Sioux and exceedingly active in his operations. He signed the treaty of trade and inter- course at Ft Pierre, July 5, 1825, and on Aug. 17 of the same year signed the treaty of Prairie du Chien which fixed the boundaries of the Sioux territory. He died in 1848 at the mouth of the War- reconne, the present Beavercr., Emmons co., Dak. His name is variously spelled, as Wahnaataa, Wanotan, and Wawnahton. (D. R.) Wanigan. A receptaclein which small supplies or a reserve stock of goods are kept; also a large chest in which the lumbermen of Maineand Minnesota keep their spare clothing, pipes, tobacco, ete. Called also wongan-box, and spelled wan- gun and wangan. (2) A boat used on the rivers of Maine for the transportation of the entire personnel of a logging camp, along with the tools of the camp and pro- visions for the trip. See Wammikan. (3) A place in a lumber camp where accounts are kept and the men paid. WAMSUTTA—WAPACUT [B. A. BE. ‘‘Running the wangan’’ is the act of tak- ing a loaded boat down a river, from sta- tion to station, particularly in swiftly flowing water. The word is from Abnaki wantigan, ‘trap’; literally, that into which any object strays, wanders, or gets lost; a receptacle for catching and holding stray objects; from wan, ‘to wander’, ‘goastray’, ‘get lost’, -igan, often used in Abnaki in the sense of ‘trap’. Similarly, alockerin a hunting phaéton is called a ‘trap’, and this eventually gave its name to the vehicle itself. — (Ww. R. G.) Wanineath (Waninza’th). Asept ofthe Seshart, a Nootka tribe.—Boasin 6th Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 32, 1890. Waninkikikarachada (‘they call them- selves aftera bird’). A bee SL gens. Thunder.—Morgan, Ane. Soc., 157, 1877. a-kon/- eha-ra.—Ibid. Wa-nink’ i-ki’-ka-ra’-tca-da.—Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 240, 1897. Wankapin. See Wampapin. Wanlish. A division of the true Kwa- kiutl, probably named mistakenly from i‘ chief.—Lord, Nat. in Brit. Col., 1, 165, 1866. Wannalancet. A son of Passaconaway, who succeeded his father as sachem of Penacook on the Merrimac. He was a life-long friend of the English and signed the treaty of Dover. In 1659 Wannalancet was imprisoned for debt. (A. F.C.) Wannawegha (‘broken arrow’). A former band of the Miniconjou Sioux, possibly identical with the Wanneewack- ataonelar band of Lewis and Clark. Wannawega.—Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 220, 1897. Wa"-nawexa.—Ibid. Wan-nee-wack-a-ta-o- ne-lar. — Lewis and Clark Discoyv., 34, 1806. Wannigan. See Wanigan. Wanotan. See Waneta. Wapupiapayum. A division of the Sho- shonean Kawia (Cahuilla) formerly liy- ing about Banning and San Timoteo, Cal. Akavat.—Kroeber in Uniy. Cal. Pub., viil, 35, 1908 (Serrano name of their country). Wanupi- apayum.—Ibid. Waokuitem ( Wad’kuitem). Aclan of the Wikeno, a Kwakiutl tribe.—Boas in Rep. Nat. Mus. 1895, 328, 1897. Waoranec. A tribeofthe Esopus which resided on the w. bank of the Hudson, near Esopus cr., in Ulster co., N. Y. Murderer’s kill Indians.—Dongan deed (1685) in Ruttenber, Tribes Hudson R., 93, 1872. Waoran- ecks.—De Laet (1633) quoted by Ruttenber, ibid., 72. Waoraneky.—De Laet, Nov. Orb., 72, 1633. ‘Warenecker.—Wassenaar (1632) quoted by Rut- tenber, op. cit., 71. arenocker. — Ibid., 93. Waroanekins.—De Laet (1633) quoted in Jones, Ind. Bull., 6, 1867. Warranoke.—Addam (1653) quoted by Drake, Bk. Inds., bk. 11, 79, 1848. | Wor- anecks.—Map of 1614in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., I, 1856. Wapacut. A dictionary name for the great white owl, or snowy owl (Nyctea scandiaca): probably from one of the north- ern dialects of Algonquian, Wood Cree or Labrador, in which wapacuthu would cor- respond to the Cree wdpaskisiw and the BULL. 30] Chippewa wdbakosi, ‘it is white,’ from the radical wdép or wdab, ‘white.’ (A. F. Cc.) Wapakoneta ( Wa-pa-ko-né’-ta, ‘white jacket’). A Shawnee village, named from a chief, on Auglaize r., on the site of the present Wapakoneta, Auglaize co., Ohio. The Shawnee settled there by consent of the Miami, after losing their country on the Scioto by the treaty of Greenville in 1795. They occupied it as their principal village until 1831, when they sold their reservation and removed to the W. It was the residence of Logan. (3. M.) Logan’s village——Drake, Bk. Inds., bk. v, 134, 1848. Wapaghkanetta.—Johnston quoted by Brown, W. Gaz., 287, 1817. Wapaghkonetta.—John- ston, ibid., 326. Wapahkonetta.—Sen. Doc. 137, 29th Cong., Istsess., 1,1846. Wapakanotta.—Drake Tecumseh, 17, 1852. Wapakonakunge.—Gatschet inf’n, 1903 (‘where Wapakoneta lived’: Miami name). Wapauckanata.—Harrison (1814) quoted by Drake, Tecumseh, 159, 1852. Wapaughkonetta.— St Marys treaty (1817) in U. S. Ind. Treat., 1034, 1873. Wapaughkonnetta.—W. H Shawnee in Gulf States Hist. Mag., I, 415, 1903. Wapoghoognata.— Drake, Bk. Inds., bk. v, 134, 1848. Wappauke- nata.—Brown, W. Gaz., 272, 1817. Warpicanata.— Woodward, Reminisc., 36, 1859. Wauphauthaw- onaukee.—McKenney and Hall, Ind Tribes, 11, 111, 1854. Wapakwe ( Wéd-pa-kwe’) The Opossum gens of the Mahican. Wapasha (‘Red Leaf’). A succession of chiefs of the Mdewakanton Sioux, ex- tending through tradition to a time imme- morial. The first Wapasha of which there is historical knowledge was born at the head of Rum r., Minn.,in 1718. His father was a chief of the same name, and his mother a Chippewa captive. In 1747, through relatives of his mother, he ne- gotiated peace between the Chippewa and his own people. About 1763 an English trader, known to the Indians as Mallard Duck, was killed at his store at St Anthony’s falls by a Sioux named Ixatape, in retaliation of which the Eng- lish withdrew trade from the Sioux. By this time they had become so dependent on the traffic that destitution and suffer- ing ensued, and Wapasha determined to take the murderer to Quebec and deliver him to the English. In company with a hundred of his tribesmen he started with Ixatape, but one by one the members of the party returned to the Mississippi, so that by the time Green Bay was reached but few remained, and there Ixatape es- caped; but, undaunted, Wapasha with five others kept on, and, reaching Quebec, offered himself as a vicarious sacrifice for the sins of his people. His unselfish ac- tion made a deep impression upon the English, and he was afterward accorded much honor. He led the Sioux in a well- planned campaign in 1778 to drive back the Chippewa and recover the ancestral lands of the Sioux about Spirit lake, Minn., but after some notable victories his party fell into ambush at the mouth of Elk r. and many of his warriors were WAPAKONETA—WAPELLO 911 slain. Two years later he was able to avenge this loss upon the Chippewa in a notable battle near Elk r. Heserved the English in the Revolution, and upon his visit to Mackinaw, Col. DePeyster, the commandant, dedicated to him a poem and made him the subject of a great ova- tion. He served in the West with Lang- lade, but his service was not of great importance. Before his death, which occurred about 1799, he established his band at the site of Winona, Minn., at a village called Kiyuksa (q. v.). WapasuHa II succeeded his father and inherited the latter’s mild temperament and benevolent disposition. He came into notice when he met Lieut. Z. M. Pike, in April, 1806, at Prairie du Chien, and advised the latter to make Little Crow the American chief of the Sioux. He conceived a liking for Americans which proved to be lasting. Although he was in nominal alliance with the English in the War of 1812, he was constantly under suspicion of disloyalty to them, and Rol- lette, his son-in-law, was court-martialed on the charge that he was in collusion with Wapasha against English interests. After the war he was very prominent in all the relations between the whites and the Sioux, and died about 1855. Wapasua III, known as Joseph Wa- pasha, succeeded his father as chief of the old Red Leaf band, and went with his people to the reservation on upper Min- nesota r. He was opposed to the out- break of 1862, but when it was forced by Little Crow he mildly assisted in it. After the war he was removed to the Missouri with his people and finally lo- cated at Santee, Nebr. He signed the treaty of 1868, which ended the Red Cloud war, and died Apr. 23, 1876. WapasHa IV (Napoleon), the son of Joseph, is(1909) nominal chief of the San- tee at Santee agency, Nebr. He is civil- ized and a citizen. (D. R.) Wapato. See Wappatoo. Wapello (‘chief’). Head chief of the Fox tribe, born at Prairie du Chien, Wis., in 1787. His village was on the E. side of the Mississippi, near the foot of Rock id., and not far from Black Hawk’s village. In 1816 it was one of the three principal settlements in the vicinity of Ft Armstrong, Iowa, opposite the present Rock Island, Ill. Although stout and short of stature, Wapello was of at- tractive appearance, owing partly to his kindly expression; he was peaceful and intelligent, and entertained friendly re- gard for the whites. Like Keokuk, and unlike Black Hawk, he was willing to abide by the terms of the treaty of 1804 which provided for the removal of the Indians to the w. of the Mississippi, and in 1829 he quietly removed to Muscatine 912 slough with his people, and later settled near the present Wapello, Louisa co., Iowa, in which state a county was after- ward named in his honor. Wapello was next in rank to Keokuk, whom he accom- panied with others to the E. in 1837, in charge of their agent, Gen. Joseph M. Street. While in Boston, and in reply to an address by Gov. Everett, Wapello made a speech expressing sentiments fay- orable to the whites, which was received with great applause. He died while on a hunting trip near the present Ottumwa, Iowa, Mar. 15, 1842. Inaccordance with his request he was buried near Gen. Street, to whom he had been deeply at- tached. A monument has been erected to his memory at Agency City, Iowa. Wapello was one of the signers of the following treaties between the United States and the Sauk and Foxes: Ft Arm- strong, Sept. 3, 1822; Prairie du Chien, July 15, 1830; Ft Armstrong, Sept. 21, 1832; Dubuque co., Lowa, Sept. 28,.1836; Washington, Oct. 21, 1837. See Fulton, Red Men of Iowa, 1882; Stevens, Black Hawk War, 1903; McKenney and Hall, Ind. Tribes, 1854. (F. 8. N.) Wapeminskink (Wah- pt- mins’- kink, ‘chestnut-tree place’). A former Dela- ware town on the w. fork of White r., at the site of Anderson, Madison co., Ind. From being the residence of Anderson (Kok-to’-wha-ntind, ‘making a cracking noise’), the principal chief, about 1800- 1818, it was commonly known as An- derson’s Town. The land was sold in 1818. (J. P. D.) Anderson’s Town.—Hough, map, in Indiana Geol. Rep. 1882, 1883. Kik-the-swe-mud.—Hough, ibid. (=Koktowhanund, the chief). Wah-pi-mins’- kink.—Dunn, True Ind. Stories, 253, 1909. Wape- minskink.—Brinton, Lenape Leg., 124, 1885 (incor- rectly identified with Wapicomekoke). Wapicomekoke ( Wah-pi-ko-me-kunk, ‘White-river town’, from ‘Wah-pi-ko-me/- kah, ‘white waters,’ the Miami and old Delaware name of White r., Ind.). A former town of the Munsee branch of the Delawares, on the site of the present Muncie, Delaware co., Ind. It was the easternmost town of the Delawares in Indiana, and the first reached by the trails from the £., n., and s. It was formed by removal from anolder town a short distance up the river, commonly known as Outainink (Utenink, ‘at the place of the town’), or Old Town. It has been confounded with a neighboring Delaware village, Wapeminskink, better known as Anderson’s Town. The land was sold in 1818. 5 Pi ee 05) Munsey Town.—Treaty of 1818 in U. S. Ind. Treat., 493, 1873. Wah-pi-ko-me-kunk.—J. P. Dunn, inf’n, 1907. Wapicomekoke.—Ibid. Woapikamikunk. — Brinton, Lenape Leg., 124, 1885. Wapisiwisibiwininiwak (‘Swan creek men,’ from wapisi, ‘swan’; sibi, ‘river’; ininiwak, ‘men’). A band of Chippewa WAPEMINSKINK—W APPATOO [B. A. BL that formerly resided on Swan er., near L. St Clair, Mich. They sold the greater part of their lands in 1836 and part of them removed to Kansas, where they were joined by the rest in 1864. Their descendants now form part of the mixed band of ‘‘Munsee and Chippewa” in Kansas, numbering together about 90 in- dividuals. (J. M. Swan-Creek band.—Washington treaty (1836) in U.S. Ind. Treat., 227, 1873. Wabisibiwininiwag.— Wm. Jones, inf’n, 1905 (correctname). Wapisiwi- sibi-wininiwak.—Gatschet, Ojibwa MS., B. A. E 1882. Wapiti (wapiti, ‘white rump’). The Shawnee name of Cervus canadensis, the American elk, called also gray moose, the mos or mus of the Lenape, the ma”rus of the Kenebec, the wanboz of the Penob- scot, the mishewe of the Chippewa, the shewea of the Miami, the makyase of the Pequot, etc.; a deer about the size of the horse and so strikingly similar in appear- ance to the stag of Europe that it was supposed by the early settlers to be the same species and was called by the same name. Its horns, which are round and not flat, like those of the moose and cari- bou, are 5 to 6 ft long and much branched, and its color in summer is light chestnut- red with white rump, in winter grayish, and to the latter fact the Penobscot name (meaning ‘white moose’) alludes. The animal was formerly extensively distrib- uted throughout the present limits of the United States, but is now confined mostly to the N. and N. w. portions. In Minne- sota it is found in large herds, and, on the upper Missouri, Yellowstone, and other streams, in still larger ones. Of the vast numbers in these regions, some idea may be formed from the piles of shed horns which the Indians were in the habit of heaping up in the prairies. One of these, in Elkhorn prairie, was, before its de- struction in 1850, about 15 ft high, and was for many years a conspicuous land- mark. Others, still larger, are found on the upper Yellowstone. (Ww. R. G.) Wapon. Theextinct White Shell-bead clan of Sia pueblo, New Mexico. Wa’pon.—Stevenson in 11th Rep. B. A. E., 19, 1894. Wapon-hano.=Hodge in Am. Anthr., rx, 352, 1896 (hano=‘ people’). Wapoo. A small tribe of the Cusabo group, formerly living on Wapoo cr. and the immediately adjacent coast of South Carolina. They have long been extinct. Bartram (Trav., 54, 1792) mentions them among the tribes in the vicinity of Charleston, which he says ‘‘cramped the English plantations.’’ Nothing further has been recorded in regard to them. The tribe is designated on De l’Isle’s map (Winsor, Hist. Am., 11, 1886), about the year 1700, under the name Ouapamo, as situated on Wingau r., 8S. C. Wappatoo. A bulbous root (Sagittaria variabilis) used for food by the Indians BULL. 30] of the W. and N. W.: from the Cree wdpatow or the Chippewa wdpato or wdbado, ‘white fungus.’ This word, spelled also wapato, has passed into the Chinook jargon of the Columbia r. re- gion, in which wappatoo means ‘potato,’ but its origin is very uncertain. The Chippewa name wdpato has been applied to some plant called rhubarb. As a place name it occurs in Wapatoo, an island off the coast of Washington, and in Wapato, a village in Washington co., Oreg. (ac Fe oweErG:) Wappatoo. The tribes on and around Sauvies id. at the mouth of Willamette r., Oreg. Under this name Lewis and Clark (Exped., u, 472-473, 1814) in- cluded Nechacokee (Nechacoke), Shoto, Multnomah, Clannahqueh(Clahnaquah), Nemalquinner, Cathlacommatups (Cath- lacomatup), Cathlanaquiahs, Clackstar (Tlatskanai), Claninnatas, Cathlacu- mups, Clannarminnamuns (Kathlamini- mim), Quathlahpohtle (Cathlapotle), Cathlamahs (Cathlamet). The name (Wapato Lake) is now officially used to designate a small remnant of 4 Indians on Grande Ronde res., Oreg., probably the survivors of those mentioned by Lewis and Clark. (L. F.) Wappinger (‘easterners,’ from the same root as Abnaki, q. v.). A confederacy of Algonquian tribes, formerly occupy- ing the 5. bank of Hudson r. from Poughkeepsie to Manhattan id. and the country extending ©. beyond Connec- ticut r., Conn. They were closely re- lated to the Mahican on the n. and the Delawares on the s. According to Ruttenber their totem was the wolf. They were divided into 9 tribes: Wappinger proper, Manhattan, Wecqua- esgeek, Sintsink, Kitchawank, Tanki- teke, Nochpeem, Siwanoy, and Mattabe- . sec. Some of these were again divided into subtribes. The eastern bands never came into collision with the Connecticut settlers. Gradually selling their lands as they dwindled away before the whites, they finally joined the Indians at Scati- cook and Stockbridge; a few of them also emigrated to Canada. The western bands became involved in war with the Dutch in 1640, which lasted five years, and is said to have cost the lives of 1,600 Indians, of whom the Wappinger proper were the principal sufferers. Notwith- standing this, they kept up their regular succession of chiefs and continued to occupy a tract along the shore in West- chester co., N. Y., until 1756, when most of those then remaining, together with some Mahican from the same region, joined the Nanticoke, then living under Iroquois protection at Chenango, near the present Binghamton, N. Y., and, with them, were finally merged into the Dela- 3456—Bull. 30, pt 2-07-58 WAPPATOO—WAPPO 913 wares. Their last public appearance was at the Easton conference in 1758. Some of them also joined the Moravian and Stockbridge Indians, while a few were still in Dutchess co. in 1774. They had the following villages: Alip- conk, Canopus, Cupheag, Keskistkonk, Kestaubuinck, Kitechawank, Mattabesec, Menunkatuc, Nappeckamak, Naugatuck, Nipinichsen, Nochpeem, Ossingsing, Pas- quasheck, Paugusset, Pauquaunuch, Pom- peraug, Poningo, Poodatook, Poquannoc, Pyquaug, Quinnipiac, Rechtauck. Roa- tan, Sackhoes, Sapohanikan, Senasqua, Tunxis, Turkey Hill, Uncowa, Wecquaes- geek, Wongunk, Woronock. (J. M. ) Abingas.—Schoolcraft in N. Y. Hist. Soc. Proc., 101, 1844. Apineus.—McKenney and Hall, Ind. Tribes, III, 81, 1854 (probably the Wappinger). Wabigna.—Am. Pioneer, I, 192, 1843 (misprint). Wabinga.—Schermerhorn (1812) in Mass. Hist. Soe. Coll., 2d s., 11, 6, 1814. Wabingies.—Boudinot, Star in the West, 129, 1816. Wam-pa-nos.—Macauley, N.Y., 11, 174, 1829. Wamponas.— Doc. of 1755 quoted by Rupp, Northampton Co., 88, 1845. Wapanoos.— Map of 1616 in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., 1, 1856. Wapingeis—McKenney and Hall, Ind. Tribes, I1I, 80, 1854. Wapinger.—Doc. of 1766 in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., V1I, 868, 1856. Wapingoes.—Lovelace (1668), ibid., x111, 420, 1881. Wapings.—Boudinot, Star in the West, 129, 1816. Wappanoos.—Van der Donck (1656) quoted by Ruttenber, Tribes Hudson R., 51, 1872. Wappenger.—Courtland (1688) in N.Y. Doe. Col. Hist., 111, 562, 18538. Wappenos.—De Rasiéres (1626) quoted by Ruttenber, Tribes Hud- son R., 51, 1872. Wappinges.—Winfield, Hudson Co., 8, 1874. Wappinx.—Treaty (1645) quoted by Winfield, ibid., 45. Wappinger. The leading tribe of the Wappinger confederacy, occupying the territory about Poughkeepsie, in Dutchess Cou, WY. Highland Indians.—Lovelace (1669) in N. Y. Doe. Col. Hist., x111, 440, 1881. Indians of the Long Reach.—Doec. of 1690 quoted by Ruttenber, Tribes Hudson R., 178, 1872. Wappinck.—Treaty of 1644 in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., x111, 17, 1881. Wappinex.—Treaty of 1645 quoted by Ruttenber, Tribes Hudson R., 118, 1872. Wappingers.—Writer of 1643 in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., 1, 185, 1856. Wap- pingh.—Doc. of 1663, ibid., x1IT, 282, 1881. Wap- pingos.—Lovelace (1669), ibid., 427. Wappings.— Doc. of 1650, ibid., XIII, 27, 1881. Wappinoes.— Nimham (1730) quoted by Ruttenber, Tribes Hudson R., 51, 1872. Wappinoo.—Van der Doneck (1656) quoted by Ruttenber, ibid., 77. Weque- hachke.—Loskiel (1794) quoted by Ruttenber, ibid., 369, (Loskiel gives it as the Indian name of the Highlands, meaning ‘the hill country’; Ruttenber says it may have been the real name of the Wappinger proper). Wappo (from Span. guapo, ‘brave’). A small detached portion of the Yukian family of n. California, separated from the Huchnom, the nearest Yuki division, by 30 or 40 m. of Pomo territory. They lived chiefly in the mountains separating Sonoma from Lake and Napa cos., be- tween Geysers and Calistoga. A portion of them, called Rincons by Powers, occu- pied Russian River valley in the vicinity of Healdsburg. Ashochemies.—Powers in Overland Mo., x1it, 542, 1874. Ash-o-chi-mi.—Powersin Cont.N.A. Ethnol., 11I, 196, 1877. Guapos.—Bancroft, Hist. Cal., Iv, 71, 1886. Satiyomes.—Ibid., 111, 360, 1886. Sati- yomis.—Ibid., Iv, 71, 1886. Seteomellos.—Taylor 914 in Cal. Farmer, Mar. 30,1860. Soteomellos.—Tay- lor misquoted by Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, 448, 1874. Sotomieyos.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Mar. 30, 1860. Sotoyomes.—Bancroft, Hist. Oal., Iv, 72, 1886. Wapo.—Ind. Aff. Rep. 1856, 257; 1857. Wappo.—Powers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 111, 196, 1877 (given as Spanish name). Wattos.—Stearns in Am. Nat., VI, 206, 1882. Waptailmin (‘people of the narrow river’). The principal band of the Yak- ima (q. v.), formerly living on Yakima r. just below Union Gap, near the present town of North Yakima, Wash. Wapumne. A former Nishinam settle- ment near Michigan bar, on the middle fork of American r., Cal. (R. B. D.) Wajuomne.—Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, 450, 1874. Wapoomney.—Ibid. Wapumney.—Sutter (1862) quoted by Powers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., TI, 323, 1877. Wapimnies.—Powers in Overland Mo., XII, 22, 1874. Waputyutsiama (Keres: ‘little doorway leading west’). A former summer vil- lage of the Laguna Indians of New Mex- ico, now a permanently occupied pueblo of that tribe; situated 6 m. w. of Laguna. Puertecito.—Pradt quoted by Hodge in Am. Anthr., Iv, 346, 1891 eon ‘little door’). Wa- pu-chu-se-amma.—Ibid. Waputyutsiama.—Hodge, field-notes, B. A. E., 1895. Waquithi ( Wa/-qui-thi, ‘bad faces’). A band of the Arapaho (q. v.). Wagquoit. A village of Praying Indians in 1674 about the site of the present Waquoit, Barnstable co., Mass. It was probably subject to either the Wam- Pecos or the Nauset. akoquet.—Bourne (1674) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1st s., I, 197, 1806. Wawquoit.—Freeman (1792), ibid., 230. Weequakut.—Bourne (1674), ibid., 197. Waradika. Wee-yot.—Gibbs in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 422, 1853 (given as the name of a dia- lecton Eelr. andHumboldtbay). > Weitspek.— Latham in ‘rans. Philol. Soc. Lond., 77, 1856 (includes Weyot and Wishosk); Latham, Opus- cula, 343, 1860. Yakones.—Hale in U. S. Expl. Exped., vi, 198, 218, 1846 (or Iakon, coast of Oregon); Buschmann, Spuren der aztek. Sprache, 612, 1859. >Iakon.— Hale in U.S. Expl. Exped., vi, 218, 569, 1846 (or Lower Killamuks); Buschmann, Spuren der aztek. Sprache, 612, 1859. >Jacon.—Gallatin in Trans. Am. Ethnol. Soc., u, pt. 1, c, 77, 1848. >Jakon.—Gallatin in Trans. Am. Ethnol. Soc., II, pt. 1, 17, 1848; Berghaus (1851), Physik. Atlas, map 17, 1852; Gallatin in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 402, 1853 (language of lower Killamuks); Latham in Trans. Philol. Soc. Lond., 73, 1856; Latham, Opuscula, 340, 1860. >Yakon.—Latham, Nat. Hist. Man, 324, 1850; Gatschet, in Mag. Am. Hist., 166, 1877; Gatschet in Beach, Ind. Misce., 441, 1877; Bancroft, Nat. Races, 111, 565, 640, 1882. >Yakona,—Gatschet in Mag. Am. Hist., 256, 1882. =Yakonan.—Powell in 7th Rep., B. A. E., 133, 1891. >Southern Killamuks,—Hale in U.S. Expl. Exped., vi, 218, 569, 1846 (or Yakones); Gallatin in Trans. Am. Ethnol. Soc., 11, 17, 1848 (after Hale). >Sud Killamuk.—Berghaus (1851), Physik. Atlas, map 17, 1852. >Sainstskla.—Latham, Nat. Hist. Man, 325, 1850 (‘‘south of the Yakon, between the Umkwaand thesea’’). >Sayiskla.—Gatschet in Mag. Am. Hist., 257, 1882 (on Lower Umpqua, Sayuskla, and Smith rivers). >Killiwashat,— Latham, Nat. Hist. Man, 325, 1850 (‘‘ mouth of the Umkwa’”’). XKlamath.—_Keane in Stanford, Compend., Cent. and So. Am., 475, 1878 (cited as including Yacons). Yaku (Yak/u). A Haida town of the Dostlan-lnagai family, that formerly stood on the n. w. coast of Graham id., opposite North id., Queen Charlotte ids., Brit. Col. This town, or it and the neighbor- ing one of Kiusta together, may be that designated Lu-lan-na by John Work, 1836-41, to which he assigned 20 houses and 296 people. Old people remember 4 large houses and 4 small ones in Yaku, and 9 houses in Kiusta. This would seem to indicate a population in Yaku roper of about 100 to 120. (i. BB) a’k’o.—Boas, 12th Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 22, 1898. Kakoh.—Dawson, Q. Charlotte Ids., 162B, BULL. 30] 1880 (corrupted form). Yak!u.—Swanton, Cont. Haida, 281, 1905. Yukh.—Deans, Tales from Hi- dery, 94, 1899. Yaku-gitinai ( Va’ku gitind’-i, ‘the mid- dle Giti/ns’). A subdivision of the Higahet-gitinai, a Haida family of the Eagle clan. They received their name from having lived in the middle of Skide- gate village; there they killed a chief and fled to the w. coast.-—Swanton, Cont. Haida, 274, 1905. Yaku-lanas (aku 1d@/nas, ‘middle-town people’). A large and important Haida family belonging to the Raven clan. By the Skidegate people it is said they were so named because they occupied the middle row in a legendary five- row town, where all the Raven side for- merly lived (see Skena). The Masset people attributed it to the fact that wherever the members of this family settled they occupied the middle of the village. They are said to have come originally from the s. end of Queen Charlotte ids., but the greater part finally moved to Alaska, where they constituted the most important Raven family among the Kaigani. One subdivision, the Ao- yaku-Inagai, settled in Masset inlet. Of the Kaigani part of the family there were 4 subdivisions, the Kaad-naas-hadai, Yehl- naas-hadai, Skistlai-nai-hadai, and Na- kaduts-hadai. The extinct Ta-ahl-lanas of North id. perhaps belonged to it. Be- fore they left Queen Charlotte ids. their principal town was Dadens. In Alaska it was Klinkwan. The Hlgahet-gu-lanas are said to have once been a part of this family.—Swanton, Cont. Haida, 271, 1905. Yak‘ la’nas.—Boas, 12th Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 22,1898. Yakwut Lennas.—Harrison in Proc. Roy. Soc. Can., sec. I1, 125, 1895. Yakutat. A Tlingit tribe centering around the bay of the same name, but extending northward to Copper r. and southward to Dry bay, Alaska. Pop. 826 in 1880, 436 in 1890. Their principal winter town is Yakutat. According toa contributor to The Alaskan, the town on Dry bay is called Satah. Emmons con- siders the Dry bay and Chilkat (Con- troller bay) Indians as distinct divisions. A summer village near Copper r. isnamed Chilkat, and Gonaho, Gutheni, and Hla- hayik are the names of former towns. Social divisions are Ganahadi, Kashke- koan, Koskedi, and Tekoedi. (J. R. s.) Chlach-a-jeék.— Krause, Tlinkit Ind.,98, 1885. Jak- huthath.—Holmberg, Ethnog. Skizz., map, 142, 1855. Jakutat.—Prichard, Phys. Hist. Man., v, 370; 1847. Jakutat-kon.—Krause, Tlinkit Ind., 116, 1855- Klahinks.—Colyer (1869) in Ind. Aff. Rep., 535, 1870- Eahayi’kqoan.—Swanton, field-notes, B. A. E- (usual name applied by themselves). Thlar-har- yeek-gwan.—_Emmons in Mem. Am. Mus. Nat: Hist., 11, 230, 1903. Yahkutats.—Elliott, Cond. Aff. Alaska, 30, 1874. Yakutats.—Dall in Proc. Am. A. A. S. 1869, xviiI, 269, 1870. Yaku- tatskoe.—Veniaminoff, Zapiski, 11, pt. 117, 29, 1840. ponte Mahoney in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1869, 575, 70. Y AKU-GITINAI—YAKWAL 985 Yakutat. The principal town of the Yakutat tribe on the bay of the same name in Alaska. Pop. 300 in 1890. Yak«da/t.—Swanton, field notes, B. A. E., 1904. YAKUTAT PRIEST ~ Yakwal (‘drifted ones,’ from ydkwand, ‘Il am carried off by water’). wi=.—Dorsey, Dhegiha MS. dict., B. A. E., 1878 (Omaha and Ponca name). Thanktonwayn.—Riggs, Dakota Gram. and Dict., viii, 1852. Ihanktonwans.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 564, 990 1845. Ihanktonwe.—Boyd, Ind, Local Names, 55, 1885 (trans.: ‘a town or dwelling at the end’). Ihank’-t’wans.—Ramsey in Ind. Aff, Rep. 1849, 85, 1850. Ihauk-t’wans.—H. R. Ex. Doc. 96, 42d Cong., 3d sess., 16, 1873. Ja*aza nikaci»ga.—Dorsey in 3d Rep. B. A. E., 212, 1884 (‘ people who dwelt in the woods’: so called anciently by the Omaha). Jantons.—De Smet, Miss. de l’Oregon, 264, 1848. Jantous.—De Smet, Letters, 23, 1843. Lower-Yanc- tons.—Hayden, Ethnog. and Philol. Mo. Val., 371, 1862. Shan-ke-t’wans.—Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 74, 1850 (misprint). Shank’ t’ wannons.—Ram- sey, ibid., 78. Shank-t’wans.—Ramsey, ibid., 75. South Yanktons.—Prescott in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 11, 169, note, 1852. Wichiyela.—Warren, Dacota Country, 15, 1855 (trans.: ‘first nation’). Wiciyela.—Riggs, Dakota Gram. and Dict., viii, 1852 (‘ they are the people’: Teton name, applied also to Yanktonai). Yanckton.—Treaty of 1831 in U. S. Ind. Treaties, 788, 1873. Yancton.—Long, Exped. Rocky Mts., 1,179, 1823. Yanctonas.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 497, 1839. Yanctongs.—Pike, Exped., 49, 1810. Yanctons.—Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 78, 1850. Yanctonwas.—Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, VI, 689, 1857. Yanctorinans.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 295, 1854. Yanctowah.—Boller, Among Inds. in Far W., 29, 1868. Yaneton.—Martin, Hist. La., 333, 1882. Yanetong.—Boudinot, Star in the W., 129, 1816. Yanka-taus.—Ruxton, Life in Far W., 111, 1849. Yanktau-Sioux.—Sage, Scenes in Rocky Mts., 54, 1846. Yank toan.—Long, Exped. St Peter’s R., I, 378, 1824 (trans.: ‘descended from the fern leaves’). Yanktons.—De l’Isle, map of La. (1708) in Neill, Hist. Minn., 164, 1858. Yanktons of the south.—Lewis and Clark Exped., 1, 184, 1817. Yanktoons.—West, Jour., 86, 1824. Yanktown.— Culbertson in Smithson. Rep. 1850, 86,1851. Yan- tons.—Keane in Stanford, Compend., 470, 1878. Yauktong.—Tanner, Narr., 324, 1830 (misprint). Yauktons.—Parker, Minn. Handbk., 141, 1857. Yaunktwaun.—Ramsey in Minn. Hist. Coll., 1, (1850-56), 47, 1872. Yengetongs.—Schoolecraft, Tray., 308, 1821. Yonktins.—Gass, Voy., 407, 1810. Yonktons.—Drake, Ind. Chron., 201, 1836. L Yanktonai (ihatke ‘end,’ to”wan ‘vil- lage,’ na diminutive: ‘little-end village.’ — Riggs). One of the 7 primary divisions or subtribes of the Dakota, speaking the same dialect as the Yankton and believed to be the elder tribe. Long evidently ob- tained a tradition from the Indians to this effect. The first apparent reference toone of the tribes in which the other is not included is that to the Yankton by La Sueur in 1700. It is not until noticed by Lewis and Clark in 1804 that they reap- pear. These explorers state that they roved on the headwaters of the Sioux, James, and Red rs. The migration from their eastern home, n. of Mille Lac, Minn., probably took placeat the beginning of the 18th century. It is likely that they fol- lowed oraccompanied the Teton, whilethe Yankton turned more and more toward thes. w. Long (1823) speaks of them as one of the most important of the Dakota tribes, their hunting grounds extending from Red r. to the Missouri. Warren (1855) gives as their habitat the country between the James r. and the’ Missouri, extending as far n. as Devils lake, and states that they fought against the United States in the War of 1812, and that their chief at that time wentto England. It does not appear that this tribe took any part in the Minnesota massacre of 1862. In 1865 separate treaties of peace were made with the United States by the Upper and Lower YANKTONATI [B. A, B. Yanktonai, binding them to use their in- fluence and power to prevent hostilities not only against citizens, but also between the Indian tribes in the region occupied or frequented by them. Subsequently they were gathered on reservations, the Upper Yanktonai mostly at Standing Rock, partly also at Devils Lake, N. Dak.; the Lower Yanktonai (Hunkpatina) chiefly on Crow Creek res., S. Dak., but part at Standing Rock res., N. Dak., and - some at Fort Peck res., Mont. Their customs and characteristics are those common to the Dakota. Long (1823) states that they had no fixed resi- dence, but dwelt in fine lodges of well- dressed and decorated skins, and fre- quented, for the purpose of trade, L. Traverse, Big Stone lake,and Cheyenne r. Their chief, Wanotan, wore a splendid cloak of buffalo skins, dressed so as to be a fine whitecolor, which was decorated with tufts of owl feathers and others of various hues. Hisnecklace was formed of about 60 claws of the grizzly bear, and his leggings, . jacket, and moccasins were of white skins profusely decorated with human hair, the moccasins being variegated with plumage from several birds. In his hair, secured by a strip of red cloth, he wore 9 sticks, neatly cut and smoothed and painted with vermilion, which designated the number of gunshot wounds he had received. His hair was plaited in two tresses, which hung forward; his face was painted with vermilion, and in his hand he carried a large fan of turkey feathers. The primary divisions of the tribe are Upper Yanktonaiand Hunkpatina. These are really subtribes, each having its organ- ization. The first notice of subdivisions is that by Lewis and Clark, who mention the Kiyuksa, Wazikute, Hunkpatina, and the unidentified Hahatonwanna, Hone- taparteenwaz, and Zaartar. Hayden (1862) mentions the Hunkpatina, Pa- baksa, and Wazikute, and speaks of two other bands, one called the Santee, and probably not Yanktonai. J. O. Dorsey gives as subdivisions, which he calls gentes, of the Upper Yanktonai: Wazi- kute, Takini, Shikshichena, Bakihon, Kiyuksa, Pabaksa, and another whose name was not ascertained. His subdi- visions of the Hunkpatina are Putete- mini, Shungikcheka, Takhuhayuta, Sa- nona, Ihasha, Iteghu, and Pteyuteshni. English translations of names of bands of Yanktonai of which little else is known are ‘The band that wishes the life’ and ‘The few that lived.’ The population asgivenat different dates varies widely. Lewis and Clark (1806) estimate the men at 500, equal to a total of about 1,750; Long (1823), 5,200; Rep. Ind. Aff. for 1842, 6,000; Warren in 1856, BULL. 30] 6,400; in 1867, 4,500; Ind. Aff. Rep. for 1874, 2,266; in 1885 returns from the agen- cies gave 6,618, while in 1886 the reported number was only 5,109. The Lower Yanktonai, or Hunkpatina, are chiefly under the Crow Creek school, 8. Dak., where, together with some Lower Brulés, Miniconjou, and Two Kettles, they num- bered 1,019 in 1909. There are others under the Standing Rock agency, N. Dak., but their number is not separately enumerated. The Upper Yanktonai are chiefly under the Standing Rock agency, and while their number is not separately reported, there are probably about 3,500 at this place. The Pabaksa branch of the Upper Yanktonai are under the Ft Totten school, N. Dak., but their num- berisnot known. Theso-called ‘‘Yank- ton Sioux’’ under the Ft Peck agency, Mont., are in reality chiefly Yanktonai. These, with several other Sioux tribes, numbered 1,082 in 1909. (Gras) Ehanktonwanna.—Lynd in Minn. Hist. Coll., 1, pt. 2,59, 1864. E-hank-to-wana.—Brackett in Smith- son. Rep., 471. 1876. | E-hawn-k’-t’-wawn-nah.— Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 86, 1850 (trans. ‘lesser people of the further end’). Eyank-ton- wah.—Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, I, 169, 1852. Thanktonwaynna.—Riggs, Dakota Gram. and Dict., vill, 1852. Ihanktonwanna Dakotas.—Hayden, Ethnog. and Philol. Mo. Val., map, 1862. Ihank- tonwannas.—Warren, Dacota Country, 15, 1855. Than-k’-tow-wan-nan.—Ramsey in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 86, 1850. Thank’-t’wan-ahs.—Ramsey, ibid., 85. Ihauk-to-wa-na.—Am. Nat., 829, 1882 (mis- print). Ihauk-t’wan-ahs.—H. R. Ex. Doc. 96, 42d Cong., 3d sess., 16, 1873. Jantonnais.—De Smet Miss. de l)Oregon, 264, 1848. Jantonnees.—De Smet, Letters, 37, note, 1843. Jantonnois.—Ibid., 23. Ohantonwanna.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 566, 1845. Yanctannas.—Burton, City of Saints, 118, 1861. Yanctonais.—Harney in Sen. Ex. Doc. 94, 34th Cong., Ist sess., 1, 1856. Yanctonees.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 7, 1856. Yanctonie.—H. R. Ex. Doc. 117, 19th Cong., 1st sess., 6, 1826. Yanctonnais.—Ind. Aff. Rep.,15, 1858. Yangtons Ahnah.—Bradbury,Trav., 83, 1817. Yanktoanan.—Long, Exped. St. Peter’s R., I, 378, 1824 (trans. ‘Fern leaves’). Yankto- anons.—Maximilian, Trav., 149, 1843. Yanktona.— Ex. Doc. 56, 18th Cong., Ist sess., 9, 1824. Yank- ton Ahnaé.—Lewis and Clark Discoy., 20, 1806. Yankton ahnah.—Ibid.,28. Yanktonai.—Treaty of 1865 in U. S. Ind. Treat., 862, 1873. Yankton- aias.—Corliss, Lacotah MS. vocab., B. A. E., 107, 1874. Yanktonais.—Warren, Dacota Country, 15, 1855. Yanktonans.—Maximilian, Tray., 149, 1843. Yank-ton-ees.—Prescottin Schoolcraft, Ind.Tribes, II, 169, note, 1852. Yanktonians.—Culbertson in Smithson. Rep. 1850, 89, 1851. Yanktonias-Sioux. — Williamson in Minn. Hist. Coll., 111, 285, 1880. Yanktonies.—Treaty of 1826in U. 8. Ind. Treat., 871, 1873, Yanktonnan.—Culbertson in Smithson. Rep. 1850, 141, 1851. Yanktonnas.—Warren, Neb. and Ariz., 47,1875. Yanktons Ahna.—Lewis and Clark Discoy., 21,1806. Yanktons Ahnah.—Lewis, Trav., 171, 1809. Yank-ton-us.—Prescott in Schoolcraft. Ind. Tribes, 11,169, note, 1852. Yonktons Ahnah,— Farnham, Trav., 32, 1848. Yanostas. A former village connected with San Carlos mission, Cal., and said to have been Esselen.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 20, 1860. Yaogus ( Ydogas). A Haida town of the Kagials-kegawai family, formerly on the s. w. side of Louise id., Queen Char- lotte ids., Brit. Col.—Swanton, Cont. Haida, 279, 1905, YANOSTAS—YAQUI 991 Yapalaga. An ancient town, probably of the Apalachee, on the rE. bank of St Marks r., Fla. Yapalaga.—Jefferys, French Dom., 135, map, 1761, Yapalage.—Roberts, Fla., 14, 1763. Yapashi. The generic name given by the Keresan tribes to fetishes represent- ing human forms, and hence applied to a prehistoric pueblo, the aboriginal name of which is unknown, on the Potrero de las Vacas, above Cochiti, N. Mex., on account of the presence there of numer- ous figurines. Not to be confounded with Pueblo Caja del Rio, to which the Cochiti people apply the same name.— Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, tv, 152, 1892. Tit-yi Ha-nat Kama Tze-shum-a.—Bandelier, op. cit. (‘The old houses in the north’: Cochiti name). Tit-yi Ha-nat Ka-ma Tze-shum-a Mo-katsh Zaitsh.— Ibid. (‘the old houses above in the north where the panthers lie extended’: another Cochiti name), Yap-a-shi.—Ibid. i Yapiam. An unidentified Pomo divi- sion formerly living on Russian r., Cal. Japiam.—Wrangell, Ethnog. Nach., 80, 1839. Yapon, Yapoon. See Black drink, Yopon. Yaqatlenlish ( Yagailentsch). Anances- tor of one of the gentes of the Kwakiutl proper, after whom the gens itself was sometimes named.—Boas in Petermanns Mitteil., pt. 5, 131, 1887. Yaqui (said to mean ‘chief river,’ re- ferring to the Rio Yaqui). An important division of the Cahita which until re- YAQUI MAN cently dwelt along both banks of the lower Rio Yaqui, but is now scattered over the larger part of s. Sonora, Mexico. The first notice of the tribe is probably 992 the narrative of the expedition in 1531 by Nufio deGuzman (Segunda Rel. Anon., in Icazbalceta,Col. Does., 11, 300-02, 1866), in which they are spoken of as related linguistically to the people living on Rio dle Fuerte, a relationship that has since been fully confirmed (see Cahita). Capt. Hurdaide made 3 successive attacks on the tribe (1609-10), the last time with 50 mounted Spaniards and 4,000 Indian allies, but was defeated and forced to re- treat each time. The Yaqui made over- tures of peace, a treaty with the Spaniards was made in 1610, and soon thereafter missionaries began to visit them. Perez de Ribas, a missionary among them be- tween 1624 and 1644, says they were then agriculturists, cultivating not only maize, but also cotton, which they manufactured into cloth, especially mantles. The first serious revolt against the Spaniards oc- curred in 1740, and was brought on, according to Alegre (Hist. Comp. Jesus, ul, 273, 1842), by disputes between Span- ish settlers and the missionaries. There was asecond outbreak in 1764. The more recent uprisings were in 1825, 1832, 1840, 1867, 1885, and 1901. Hrdli¢ka (Am. Anthr., vi, 61, 1904), who speaks highly of the capabili- ties of the Yaqui, says: ‘“‘This is the only tribe on the continent that, surrounded by whites from the beginning of their history, have never been fully subdued.”’ Their native dwellings, in which many of them stilllive, are quadrilateral structures of poles and reeds, or adobes and reeds or brush, with flat or slightly sloping roofs of grassand mud, Thesearegenerally of fair size, with adjoining shelters where the cooking and the otherindoor work isdone. Their principal industries are agricul- ture and cattle raising, and the manufac- ture of cotton and woolen stuffs. They also make hats and fine mats of palm leaf and reed baskets, which they sell at Guay- mas. Many of them are employed as la- borers in the fields and mines. A few ornaments, as rings, earrings, and beads, are made from silver and other metals. According to Hrdliéka (op. cit.,68), there is no organization among the Yaqui, ex- cept in that part of the tribe which lives practically free and conducts the revolu- tions; nor do there appear to be any secret societies. Marriage, natal, and mortuary ceremonies are mainly Roman Catholic; the women marry young; the dead are buried in graves. They hada former custom of exchanging wives. Their principal settlements have been YAQUINA YAQUI WOMEN [B. A. B. Bacum, Belen (with others), Bicam, Co- cori, Huirivis, Potam, Rahun, and Torin. Estimates of the population of the tribe have varied widely at different dates. The earliest guess, that for 1621, was 30,000; Zapata (1678) reported the popu- lation of the 7 principal Yaqui pueblos as 8,116; while in 1760, according to Jesuit accounts, the population of 8 chief settlements was 19,325 (Escudero Not. Estad. Sonora y Sinaloa, 100, 1849). Es- cudero gives the population in 1849 at 54,000 to 57,000. Stone estimated their number in 1860 at 20,000, which Hrdlitka considers approximately correct for 1903. In 1906-7 the Mexican government un- dertook a plan to overcome permanently the hostile Yaqui by deporting them to Tehuantepec and Yucatan, to which parts several thousand accordingly have been sent. Consult Ribas, Hist. Trium. Santa Fee, 1645; Zapata (1678) in Doc. Hist. Mex., 4th s., m1, 1857; Escudero, op. cit., 1849; Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 1883; Stone, Notes on the State of Sonora, 1861; Hrdlicka, op. cit., 1904. (F. W. H.) Cinaloa.—Hervas, Cat. Leng., I, 322,1800. Gaqui.— Conklin, Arizona, 341, 1878. Hiaqui.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 58, 1864. Hyaquez.— Rivera, Diario, leg. 1514,1736. Hyaquin. —Bandelier, Gilded Man, 124, 1893 (Ya- quior). Hyaquis.— Rivera, op. cit., leg. 1382. akim,—Cur- tis, Am. Ind., 1, 112, 1908(Papagoname). Ibequi.— Latham, El. Comp. Philol., 428, 1862. Yaquima. —Castafieda (1596) in Ternaux-Com- pans, Voy., IX, 157, 1538. Yaquimis.— Alegre, Hist. Comp. Jesus, II, 32, 1841. Yaquina. A small tribe, but the most important division of the Yakonan family (q. v.), formerly living about Yaquina r. and bay, w. Oregon. By the early ex- plorers and writers they were classed with the Salishan tribes to the n., but later were shown to be linguistically inde- pendent. The tribe is now practically extinct. There are a few survivors, for the greater part of mixed blood, on the Siletz res., Oreg. According to Dorsey (Jour. Am. Folk-lore, m1, 229, 1890) the following were villages of the Ya- quina: On the n. side of Yaquina r.: Holukhik, Hunkkhwitik, Iwai, Khais- huk, Khilukh, Kunnupiyu, Kwaulai, shauik, Kyaukuhu, Kyuwatkal, Mipshun- tik, Mittsulstik, Shash, Thlalkhaiun- tik, Thlekakhaik, Tkhakiyu, Tshkitshi- auk, Tthilkitik, Ukhwaiksh, Yahal, Yik- khaich. On thes. side of the river: At- shuk, Chulithltiyu, Hakkyaiwal, Hathle- tukhish, Hitshinsuwit, Hiwaitthe, Kaku, Khaiyukkhai, Khitalaitthe, Kholkh, Khulhanshtauk, Kilauutuksh, Kumsuk- BULL. 50] wum, Kutshuwitthe, Kwaitshi, Kwilaish- auk, Kwulchichicheshk, Kwullaish, Kwullakhtauik, Kwutichuntthe, Mulsh- intik, Naaish, Paiinkkhwutthu, Pikiiltthe, Pkhulluwaaitthe, Pkuuniukhtauk, Puunt- thiwaun, Shilkhotshi, Shupauk, Thlek- wiyauik Thlelkhus, Thlinaitshtik, Thlukwiutshthu, Tkulmashaauk, Tuhau- shuwitthe, Tulshk. Iakon.—Hale, Ethnog. and Philol., 218, 1846. Jacon.—Gallatin in Trans. Am. Ethnol. Soc., 11, 99, 1848. Jakon.—Ibid., 17. Sa-akl.—Gatschet, Nestucca_ MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1877 (Nestucca name). Sis’-qin-me’ ytinné.—Dorsey, Chetco MS. yocab., B. A. E., 1884 (Chetco name). Sovthern Killamuk. Hale; op. cit., 198 (falsely so called). Tacoon.—Framboise quoted by Gairdner (1835) in Jour. Geog. Soc. Lond., x1, 255, 1841. pe yakon amim.—Gatschet, Lakmiut MS., BAC E., 105 (Lakmiut name). Yacona Indians.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 164, 1850. Yacone.—Wilkes, West. Am., 88, 1849. Yacons.—Domenech. Deserts, I, map, 1860. Yah-quo-nah.—Metcalfe in Ind. Aff. Rep., 357, 1857. Yakon.—Gatschet in Beach, Ind. Misc., 441, 1877. Yakona.—Gatschet in Globus, XxXv, no. 11, 168, 1879. Yakonah.—Gibbs, Obs. on Coast Tribes of Oreg., MS., B. A. E. Yakone.—Hale, op. cit., 218. Ya-yun’/-ni-me’ yinné.—Dorsey, Tutu MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1894 (Tutu name). Ye- k‘u/-na-me’-zunné. —Dorsey, Naltfinnettinné MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884 (Naltunne name). Youico- mes.—Domenech, op. cit., I, 445. Youicone.— Drake, Bk. Inds., xii, 1848. Youikcones.—Lewis and Clark Exped., wu, 473, 1814. Youikkone.— Amer. Pioneer, II, 192, 1843. Youkone.—Lewis and Clark, op. cit., 118. Yd-kwin’-4.—Dorsey, Alsea MS. vocab. , B. A. E., 1884 (Alsea name). Yu-kwin’-me’ ytinné.—Dorsey, Coquille MS.vocab., B. A. E., 1884 (Coquille name). Yarahatssee ( Ya-ra-hats’-see, ‘tall tree’ ). A clan of the Hurons (q. v.).—Morgan, Ane. Soc., 153, 1877. Yascha. The Coral Bead clan of San Felipe pueblo, N. Mex. Yascha-hano.—Hodge in Am. Anthr., Ix, 349, 1896 (hano= ‘ people’). Yastling ( Yasx/i/7i). A Haida town of the Koetas family, formerly in Naden har- bor, Graham id., Queen Charlotte ids., Brit. Col. —Swanton, Cont. Haida, 281, 1905. Yatanocas. One of the 9 Natchez vil- lages in 1699.—Iberville in Margry, Déc., Iv, 179, 1880. Yatasi. A tribe of the Caddo confed- eracy, closely affiliated in language with the Natchitoch. They are first spoken of by Tonti, who states that in 1690 their village was on Red r. of Louisiana, Nn. w. of the Natchitoch, where they were living in company with the Natasi and Choye. Bienville and St Denys, during their Red r. trip in 1701, made an alliance with the Yatasi and henceforward the tribe seems to have been true to the friendship then sealed. The road frequented by travel- ers from the Spanish province to the French settlements on Red r. and at New Orleans passed near their village. Dur- ing the disputes incident to the uncertain boundary line between the Spanish and the French possessions and to the Spanish restrictions on intertrade, they proved their steadfastness to the French interests 3456—Bull. 30, pt 2—07 63 YARAHATSSEE—YATZA 993 by refusing to comply with the Spanish demand to close the road. The Indians maintained that ‘‘the road had always been theirs’? and that it should remain open. St Denys’ invitation to the vari- ous tribes dwelling in the vicinity of the post and fort established among the Natchitoch in 1712-14 to settle near by under his protection was opportune, for the Chickasaw were then waging war along Red r. and the Yatasi were among the sufferers. A part of the tribe sought refuge with the Natchitoch, while others fled up the river to the Kadohadacho and to the Nanatsoho and the Nasoni. The wars of the 18th century and the intro- duction of new diseases, especially small- pox and measles, had such an effect on the Yatasi that by 1805, according to Sibley, they had become reduced to 8 men and 25 women and children. This remnant was then living in a village mid- way between the Kadohadacho and the Natchitoch, surrounded by French set- tlements. In 1826 (U. S. Ind. Treat., 465, 1826) they numbered 26 on Red r. Little more than the name of the Yatasi now survives, and those whoclaim descent from the tribe live with the Caddo on the Wichita res. in Oklahoma. (A. ¢. F.) Yactachés.—Bienville (1700) in Margry, Déc., vr 438, 1880. Yallashee.—Warden, Account of U.S., Ill, 551, 1819. Yaltasse.—U.S. Ind. Treat., 465, 1826. Yatace.—Pénicaut (1717) in Margry, Déc., v, 547, 1883. Yatacez.—-Ibid.,504. Yatache.—Tonti (1690) in French, Hist. Coll. La., 1,72, 1846. Yatachez.— Carte de Taillée des Possess. Anglaises, 1777. Yatase.—La Harpe (1719) in French, Hist. Coll. La., 111, 18, 1851. Yatasees.—Pénicaut (1714), ibid., n. s., I, 122, 1869. Yatasi.—Espinosa (1746) quoted by Buschmann, Spuren, 417, 1854. Yatasie.— Bull. Soc. Geog. Mex., 504, 1869. Yatasse.—Bruyére (1742) in Margry, Déc., vi, 486, 1886. Yatassee. —Boudinot, Star in the West, 129, 1816. Yatasséz.—Tex. State Arch., Nov. 17, 1763. Yatassi.—Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., I, 43, 1884. Yatay.—La Harpe (1719) in Margry, Déc., VI, 255, 1886. Yattapo.—Porter (1829) in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 111,596,1853. Yattasaees.—Balbi, Atlas Ethnog., 54, 1826. Yattasces.—Brackenridge, Views of La., 80,1815. Yattasees. —Pénicaut (1701) in French, Hist. Coll. La., n. s., I, 73, 1869. Yat- tasie.—Schermerhorn (1812) in Mass. Hist. Coll., 2d s., Il, 24, 1814. Yattassees.—Sibley, Hist. Sketches, 67, 1806. Yatcheethinyoowuc (Wood Cree: Ayd- tchithiniwik, ‘foreign men,’ ‘foreigners.’ — Lacombe.) A name applied indiscrimi- nately by the Cree to all tribes w. of themselves and the Assiniboin, in Can- ada. It has no ethnic s significance. Jatche-thin-juwuc.—Egli, Lexicon, 532, 1880. Yat- cheé-thin-yoowue.—Franklin, Narr., 108, 1823. Yatokya. The Sun clan of the pueblo of Zuni, N. Mex. Yi/tok‘ya-kwe. —Cushing in 13th Rep. B. A. E., 368, 1896 (kwe=‘ people’). Yatza (‘knife’). An important camp- ing place on the n. coast of Graham id., between North id. and Virago sd., Brit. Col. A house or two were erected here and potlatches were held for the purpose, which circumstances led Dawson (Q. 994 Charlotte Ids., 1628, 1880) to suppose it was a new town. (J. B. 8.) Yaudanchi. The Yokuts (Mariposan) tribe on Tule r., s. central Cal., that for- merly occupied the region about Porter- ville, the present Tule River res., and the headwaters of the river. They are now on Tule River res., together with the Yauelmanior ‘‘Tejon’’ Indians and rem- nants of other Yokuts tribes. (A.L.K.) Nuchawayi.—A. L. Kroeber, inf’n, 1903 (‘moun- taineers,’ or ‘easterners’: name given by plains tribes about Tulare lake; plural form; not re- stricted to Yauelmani). Nuta.—Ibid. (the same; singular form). Olanches.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, June 8, 1860. Yaudanchi.—Kroeber in Univ. Cal. Pub., 11, 171, 1907 (own name, sin- gular). Yaulanchi.—Ibid. (name applied by most of their neighbors). Yawédén’tshi.—Hofiman in Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., XXIII, 302, 1886. Yawédmo/ni.—Ibid., 301 (Wikchumni name), Yoednani.—Kroeber, inf’n, 1903 (pl. form of Yau- dimni.) Yolanchas.— Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, 456, 1882. Yowechani.—Kroeber in Uniy. Cal. Pub., 1, 171, 1907 (own name, plural). Yauelmani. A Yokuts (Mariposan) division formerly living on Bakersfield plain and removing thence to Kern lake, Cal. The survivors, numbering 50 or more, are now on the Tule River res. Yauelmani.—Kroeber in Univ. Cal. Pub., II, 279 et seq., 1907. Yow’-el-man’-ne.—Merriam in Science, x1x, 916, June 15, 1904. Yauko (Ya/-u-kd). A former Maidu village about 7 m. N. E. of Chico, in the N. part of Butte co., Cal.—Dixon in Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., xvi1, map, 1905. Yaunyi. The extinct Granite clan of Sia pueblo, N. Mex. Yaun-ni.—Stevenson in 11th Rep. B. A. E., 19, 1894. Ydaunyi-hano.—Hodge in Am. Anthr., 1x, 352, 1896. (hdno = ‘people’). Yaupon. See Black drink, Yopon. Yavapai (said to be from enyaéva ‘sun,’ pai ‘people’: ‘people of the sun’). A Yuman tribe, popularly known as Apache Mohave and Mohave Apache, i. e., ‘ hos- tile or warlike Mohave.’ According to Corbusier, the tribe, before its removal to the Rio Verde agency in May 1873, claimed as its range the valley of the Rio Verde and the Black mesa from Salt r. as far as Bill Williams mt., w. Ariz. They then numbered about 1,000. Ear- lier they ranged much farther w., appear- ing to have had rancherias on the Rio Colo- rado; but they were chiefly an interior tribe, living s. of Bill Williams fork as far as Castle Dome mts., above the Gila. In the spring of 1875 they were placed under San Carlos Apache agency, where, in the following year, they numbered 618. Dr Corbusier described the Yava- pai men as tall and erect, muscular, and well proportioned. The women are stouter and have handsomer faces than the Yuma. Cuercomache was mentioned in 1776 asa Yavapai rancheria or divi- sion. In 1900 most of the tribe drifted from the San Carlos res. and settled in part of their old home on the Rio Verde, including the abandoned Camp McDowell YAUDANCHI—YAVAPAI [B. A. B. military res., which was assigned to their use Nov. 27, 1901, by the Secretary of the Interior until Congress should take final action. By 1903 these were said to number between 500 and 600 (but prob- ably including Yuma and Apache), scat- tered in small bands trom Camp Me- Dowell to the head of the Rio Verde By Executive order of Sept. 15, 1903, the old reservation was set aside for their use, the claims of the white settlers being pur- chased under act of Apr. 21, 1904. Here they are making some progress in Civi- lized pursuits, but in 1905 the ravages of tuberculosis were reported to be largely responsible for a great mortality, the deaths exceeding the births 4 to 1. In 1906 there were officially reported 465 ‘‘Mohave Apache”’ at Camp McDowell and Upper Verde valley, Ariz., and 55 at San Carlos, a total of 520. In 1910 there were 178 Mohave Apache and Yavapai under the Camp McDowell school, 282 under the Camp Verde school, and 89 under the San Carlosschool. (H.W. #H.) Apache Mohaves.—Ind. Aff. Rep. 1869, 92, 1870. Apache-Mojaoes.—Bourke, Moquis of Ariz., 80, 1884 (misprint). Apache-Mojaves.—Ind. Aff. Rep. 1864, 21, 1865. Apdaches.—Garcés (1775-76), Diary, 446, 1900 (so called by Spaniards). Cruzados —Ofate (1598) in Doc. Inéd., Xvi, 276, 1871 (probably identical; see Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, III, 109, 1890). Dil-zha.—White, MS. Hist. Apa- ches, 1875 (‘Indians living where there are red ants’: Apache name). E-nyaé-va Pai.—Ewing in Great Divide, 203, Dec. 1892 (=‘Sun people,’ be- cause they were sun-worshippers). Gohiun.—ten Kate, Synonymie, 5, 1884 (Apache name, ct. Tulkepaia). Har-dil-zhays.—White, MS. Hist. Apaches, B. A. E., 1875 (Apache name). Inya- vapé.—Harrington in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, XXI, 324, 1908 (Walapai name). Jum-pys.—Heint- zelman (1853) in H. R. Ex. Doc. 76, 34th Cong., 3d sess., 44, 1857. Kohenins.—Corbusier in Am. Antiq., VIII, 276, 1886 (Apache name). Ku-we- vé-ka pai-ya.—Corbusier, Yavapai MS., B. A. E., 27, 1873-75 (own (?) name; so called because they live to the south). Nyavapai.—Corbusier in Am. Antiq., VIII, 276, 1886. Nyavi Pais.—Ewing in Great Divide, 203, Dec. 1892. Taros.—Garcés (1775- 76), Diary, 446, 1900 (Pima name). Tubessias.— Ruxton misquoted by Ballaert in Jour. Ethnol, Soe. Lond., I, 276, 1850. Yabapais.—Whipple in Pac. R. R. Rep., 111, pt. 3, 103, 1856. Yabijoias.—Pike, Exped., 3d map, 1810. Yabipaees.— Humboldt, Pers. Narr., 111, 286,1818. Yabipais.—Garcés (1775- 76), Diary, 446, 1900 (Mohave name). Yabipaiye.— ten Kate, Reizen in N. A., 198, 1885. Yabipay.— Hinton, Handbook Ariz., map, 1878. Yabipias.— Humboldt, Atlas Nouvelle-Espagne, carte 1, 1811. Yah-bay-paiesh.— Whipple in Pac. R. R. Rep., Il, pt. 3, 99, 1856 (given as Maricopa name for Apache). Yalipays.—Hinton, op. cit., 28. Yam- pai 0.—Whipple, Exp’n San Diego to the Colorado, 17,1851. Yampais.—Eastman map (1853) inSchool- craft, Ind. Tribes, rv, 24-25, 1854. Yampaos.—Whip- ple in Pac. R. R. Rep., 11, pt. 3, 103, 1856. Yampas.—Bell in Jour. Ethnol. Soe. Lond., 1, 243, 1869. Yampay.—MOllhausen, Tagebiich, II, 167, 1858. Yampi.—Thomas, Yuma MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1868. Yampias.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Jan. 31, 1862. Ya-pa-piicHeintzelman (1853) in H. R. Ex. Doe: 76, 34th Cong., 3d sess., 44, 1857. Yavapaias.—Corbusier in Am. Antiq., VIII, 276, 1886. Yava-pais—Dunn in Ind. Aff. Rep., 128, 1865. Yavape.—Corbusier in Am. Antiq., VIII, 276, 1886. Yavapies.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 109, 1866. Yavipais.—Arricivita, Cron. Serafica, 471, 1792. Yavipay.—Escudero, Not. Estad. de Chihuahua, 228, 1834. Yévepays.—Harrington in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, XX1, 324, 1908 (own name). Yubipias.— BULL. 30] Disturnell, Map Méjico, 1846, Yubissias.—Ruxton in Jour. Ethnol. Soc. Lond., 11, 95, 1850 (misprint). Yun-pis. —Heintzelman (1853) in H. R. Ex. Doc. 76, 34th Cong., 3d sess., 38, 1857. Yupapais.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 156, 1864. Yurapeis.—Ibid., 109, 1866. Yawilchine. A Yokuts (Mariposan) tribe, not further identifiable, probably living formerly between Kaweah and Tule rs., Cal. They joined with other tribes in ceding lands to the United States under the treaty of May 30, 1851, when they were placed on a reserve. In 1882 the Yawit- shenni were mentioned as on Tule River res. The word may be only a dialectic synonymof Yaudanchi, plural Yowechani for Yowedchani, which in certain dialects would become Yowelchani. (A. L. K.) Yah-wil-chin-ne.—Johnston in Sen. Ex. Doe. 61, 32d Cong., Ist sess., 23,1852. Ya-wil-chine.—Royce in 18th Rep., B. A. E., 782, 1899. Ya-wil-chuie.— Barbour in Sen. Ex. Doc. 4, 32d Cong., spec. sess., 255, 1853. Yawitshénni.—Hoffman in Proc. Am. Philos. Soc , XXIII, 301, 1886. Yoelchane.—Wes- sells (1853) in H. R. Ex. Doc. 76, 34th Cong., 3d sess., 32, 1857. Yawpan. See Black drink, Yopon. Yayahaye. .A Maricopa rancheria on the Rio Gila, Ariz., in 1744.—Sedelmair (1744) cited by Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 366, 1889. Yayaponchatu. A traditional people who once lived in a single village n. of Oraibi, N. e. Ariz. In Hopi story they are said to have been in league with supernatural forces, and by means of fire to have destroyed the villages of Pivan- honkapi and Hushkovi, at the instance of the chief of the former, because his people had become degenerate through gambling.—Voth, Traditions of the Hopi, 241, 1905. Yayatustenuggee. See Great Mortar. Yazoo (meaning unknown). An ex- tinct tribe and village formerly on lower Yazoor., Miss. Like all the other tribes on this stream, the Yazoo were small in number. The people were always closely associated with the Koroa, whom they resembled in employing an r in speaking, unlike most of the neighboring tribes. The French in 1718 erected a fort 4 lea- gues from the mouth of Yazoo r. to guard that stream, which formed the waterway to the Chickasaw country. In 1729, in imitation of the Natchez, the Yazoo and Koroa rose against the French and destroyed the fort, but both tribes were finally expelled (Shea, Cath. Miss., 430, 449, 1855) and probably united with the Chickasaw and Choctaw. Whether this tribe had any connection with the West Yazoo and East Yazoo towns among the Choctaw isnot known. See Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., 1, 1884. Hiazus.—Rafinesquein Marshall, Ky.,1,introd.,28, 1824. Jakou.—Gravier (1700) in Shea, Early Voy., 133, 1861. Jason.—French, Hist. Coll. La.,1,47,1816. Oatsees.— Martin, Hist. La., 1, 249,1827. Yachou.— Iberville (1699) in Margry, Déc., Iv,179, 1880. Ya- choux.—Charlevoix (1721) in French, Hist. Coll. La., Ill, 132, 1851. Yalaas.—Charlevoix (1774), New France, vi, 39, 1872 (probably identical). YAWILCHINE—-YECORA 995 Yasones.—Morse, N. Am., 254, 1776. Yasons.— Baudry des Loziéres, Voy. La., 242, 1802. Yasoos.—Kafinesque, op cit. Yasou. —_La Métairie (1682) in French, Hist. Coll. La., 11, 22, 1875. Yasoux.—Pénicaut (1700) in Margery, Déc., v, 401, 1883. Yasoves.— Alcedo, Dic. Geog., v, 394, 1789. Yassa.—Coxe, Carolana, map, 1741. Yassaues.— Ibid. Yassouees.—Ibid.,10. Yastis.—Hervas, Idea dell’ Universo, xviI, 90, 1784. Yazoos.—Dumont in French, Hist. Coll. La., v, 72, 1858. Yazous.— Vater, Mithridates, 111, sec.3, 245, 1816. Yazoux.— Dumont, La., I, 135, 1753. Yazoo (or Yashu). A former impor- tant Choctaw town, belonging to the Uklafalaya, situatedin Neshobaco., Miss., near the headwaters of Oktibbeha cr. The site is still called Yazoo Old Town. Tecumseh visited this place in the fall of 1811. It is often mentioned in Govern- ment records and was the town where the commissioners ‘appointed to investi- gate the Choctaw claims under the 14th article of the treaty of Dancing Rabbit cr. held their sessions from Apr. 6 to Aug. 24, 1843. It was sometimes called West Yazoo to distinguish it from another town of the name. —Halbert in Pub. Miss. Hist. Soc., v1, 427, 1902. Octibea.—Alcedo, Dic. Geog., 111. 365, 1788. Oktib- beha.—Romans, Florida, I, 313, 1775. Old Yazoo Village.—Claiborne (1843) in Sen. Doc. 168, 28th Cong., Ist sess., 42, 1844. West Yaso.—Romans, Florida, map, 1775. Yahshoo.—Adair, Am. Inds., 339, 1775. Yashoo.—Ibid., 297. Yazoo Old Village.— Claiborne, op. cit., 41. Yazoo Village. a aaeiew ibid., 42. Yazoo Skatane ( Yashu IJskitini, ‘little Yazoo’). A former Choctaw town on both banks of Yazoo er., an affluent of Petickfa er., on the n. side, in Kemper co., Miss. It extended up Yazoo cr. for about a mile to where there is an im- portant fork. It was called East Yazoo Skatane by Romans to distinguish it from Yazoo (q. v.).—Halbert in Pub. Miss. Hist. Soc., v1, 422-23, 1902. East Yasoo.—Romans, Florida, 80, 1775. Ybdacax. A tribenamed in1708 ina list of those which had been metor heard of nv. of San Juan Bautista mission, on the lower Rio Grande ( Fr. Isidro Felix de Espinosa, ‘*Relacion Compendiosa’’ of the Rio Grande missions, MS. in archives of College of Santa Cruz de Querétaro). (H. E. B.) Ye. The Lizard clan of the Tewa pueblos of San Juan and San Ildefonso, N. Mex. Yétd6a.—Hodge in Am. Anthr., (td6a=‘people’). Yecora. A pueblo of the Opataand seat of a Spanish mission founded in 1673, situated in Nn. E. Sonora, Mexico, prob- ably on Rio Soyopa. Pop. 356 in 1678, 197 in 1730. Icora.—Alegre in Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 1, 523, 1884 (probablyidentical). San Ildefonso Yecora.— Zapata (1678), ibid., 245. Yecora.—Rivera (1730), IX, 351, 1896 ibid., 513. ecori.—Orozeo y Berra, Geog., 343, 1864. Yecora. A pueblo of the Nevome on an upper tributary of Rio Wages about lat. 28° 10’, lon. 108° 30’, Sonora, Mex- ico.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 351, 1864, 996 Yehl (‘raven’). One of the two main divisions or phratries of the Tlingit (q. v.) of the Alaskan coast. (J. RB. 8.) Yehlnaas-hadai ( Ye’? na/as xa/da-i, ‘Ra- ven-house people’). Asubdivision of the Yaku-lanas, a Haida family of the Raven clan, probably named from one house, although they occupied a large part of the town of Kweundlas.—Swanton, Cont. Haida, 272, 1905. Yatl nas: had’a’i.—Boas, Fifth Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 26, 1889. Yehuh. According to Lewis and Clark (Exped., u, 472, 1814) a Chinookan tribe living in 1806 just above the Cas- cades of Columbia r. Nothing more is known of them. See Watlala. Wey-eh-hoo.—Gass, Journal, 1807, p.199. Yehah.— Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, 317, 1874. Yehhuh.— Lewis and Clark Exped., 11, 236, 1814. Yekolaos. One of the two Cowichan tribes on Thetis id., off thes. rE. coast of Vancouver id., Brit. Col. If identical with the Tsussie of the Canadian Reports on Indian Affairs, the population was 53 in 1904. Tsussie.—Can. Ind. Aff., pt. 11 66,1902. Yéqolaos.— Boas, MS., B. A. E., 1887. Yellow Lake. A Chippewa village, es- tablished about 1740 on Yellow lake, Burnett co., Wis.—Warren (1852) in Minn. Hist. Soc. Coll., v, 171, 1885. Yellow Liver Band. An unidentified Sioux band, named from its chief, and numbering 60 lodges when brought to Ft Peck agency in Aug. 1872.—H. R. Ex. Doc. 96, 42d Cong., 3d sess., 15, 1873. Yellow Thunder ( Wa-kun-cha-koo-kah). A Winnebago chief, said to have been born in 1774, died in 1874. Prior to 1840 the Winnebago occupied the country sur- rounding L. Winnebago and Green bay, Wis. When it was determined to remove the Indians to a new reservation in N. E. Iowa and s. £. Minnesota, Yellow Thun- der, with others of his tribe, was per- suaded to visit Washington and ‘‘ get acquainted with the Great Father.” Here, on Nov. 1, 1837, they were induced to sign a treaty ceding to the United States all their lands &. of the Mississippi, and providing for their removal to the W. within eight months. The Indians claimed that they were misled into be- lieving that they had eight yearsin which to make the change, consequently at the expiration of the stipulated time they were unwilling togo. In 1840 troops were sent to Portage to remove the Indians by force, and Yellow Thunder, through a false report that he intended to revolt, was put in chains; he was soon released, however, and the removal was effected without further trouble. Within a year Yellow Thunder and his wife reappeared at their old home and entered a tract of 40 acres as a homestead on the w. side of Wisconsin r. about 8 mn. above Portage. Here he lived quietly until his death in YEHL—YENNIS [B. A. B. Feb. 1874. Yellow Thunder was greatly respected by his people; he was an able counsellor in their public affairs, indus- trious, temperate, and a zealous Catholic. His portrait, painted by S. D. Coates, is in the gallery of the Wisconsin Historical Society, and a monument to his memory has been erected a few miles nv. of Bara- boo, Wis. (wisconsi N HISTORICAL society) YELLOW THUNDER. Yellow Thunder. A former Winnebago village, named after its chief, at Yellow Banks, Green Lake co., Wis.—Whittle- sey (1854) in Wis. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1, 74, repr. 1903. Yellow Wolf. A local band of the Cheyenne in 1850. (J. M.) Yelmus. A village, presumably Costa- noan, whose inhabitants are mentioned as at San Juan Bautista and Dolores mis- sions, Cal. Yelamu’.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861 (at Dolores mission). Yelmus.—Engelhardat, Franciscans in Cal., 398, 1897 (at Sap Juan Bau- tista mission). ; Yelovoi (Russian: ‘spruce’). A Kani- agmiut Eskimo village on Spruce id., Ko- diak group, Alaska; pop. 78 in 1880.— Petroff in 10th Census, Alaska, 28, 1884. Yendestake. A Tlingit village at the mouth of Chilkat r., Alaska, with 171 inhabitants in 1880. According to Em- mons it is now occupied only in summer. Jendestake.—Krause, Tlinkit Ind., 100, 1885. Tin- destak.—Wright, Alaska, 224, 1883. Yénde’staq!é.— Swanton, field notes, B. A. E., 1904. Y’hindas- tachy.—Willard, Life in Alaska, 301, 1884. Yon- destuk.—Petroff in 10th Census, Alaska, 31, 1884. _ Yennis (‘good place’). A Clallam vil- lage at Port Angeles or False Dungeness, on Fueastr., N. w. Wash. Eells reported BULL. 30] about 35 Indians around Port Angeles in 1887. Dungeness.—Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., 1, 429, 1855 (should be False Dungeness; see Cont. N. A. Ethnol., I, 177, 1877). I-eh-nus.—Kane, Wand, in N. A., 229, 1859. I-e’-nis.—Eells, letter, B. A. E., May 21, 1886. Tinnis.—Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., I, 429, 1855 (misprint). Yennis.—Treaty of 1855 in U. 8. Ind. Treaties, 800, 1878. Yenyedi ( Yényé’di, ‘mainland people’ ). A Tlingit division on Taku inlet, Alaska, belongingtothe Wolf phratry. (J.R.8.) Yenyohol. Mentioned by Oviedo ( Hist. Gen. Indies, 111, 628, 1853) as a province or village visited by Ayllon, probably on the South Carolina coast, in 1520. Inthe Documentos Inéditos (xrv, 506, 1870) the name is spelled Yenyochol. Yepachic. (Tarahumare: yépd ‘snow,’ chik ‘place of.’) A rancheria on the ex- treme headwaters of the Rio Aros, a tributary of the Yaqui, in w. Chihuahua, Mexico. It seemingly was originally a Tarahumare settlement, but in 1902 was inhabited by Mexicans and about 20 Ne- vyome, or Southern Pima, with a half- caste Tarahumare as its presidente.— Lumholtz, Unknown Mex., 1, 124-128, 1902. Santiago Yepachic.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 324, 864. Yesheken (J) @ceqen). A division of the Nanaimo on the bf. coast of Vancou- ver id., Brit. Col.—Boas in 5th Rep. N. W. Tribes Can., 32, 1889. Yesito. A former village, probably Caddoan, near and presumably connected with the Yatasi on Red r. in n. w. Loui- siana at the close of the 17th century. Iberville (1699) in Margry, Déc., rv, 178, 1880. Yeunaba. A Costanoan village situated in 1819 within 10 m. of Santa Cruz mis- sion, Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 5, 1860. Yeunata. A Costanoan village situated in 1819 within 10 m. of Santa Cruz mis- sion, Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 5, 1860. Yeunator. A Costanoan villagesituated in 1819 within 10 m. of Santa Cruz mis- sion, Cal.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 5, 1860. Yguases, An unidentified Texas tribe with whom Cabeza de Vaca lived during his stay in Texas in 1527-34. They dwelt inland from the Guaycones and s. E. of the Atayos. The buffalo herds reached theircountry, but the people used the skins mainly for robes and moccasins. They are spoken of as a well-formed, symmetrical people, good archers, and great runners. They hunted the deer by running the animal down. Cabeza de Vaca speaks of their using ‘‘bucklers’”’ of buffalo hide. Their houses were of mats placed upon four hoops. When moving camp the mats were rolled in a bundle and carried on the back. The men perforated the lip YENYEDI—YMUNAKAM 997 and the nipple, and wore a reed thrust through the openings. They planted ‘*nothing from which to profit’’ and sub- sisted mainly on roots, frequently suffer- ing long fasts. During these painful periods they bade Cabeza de Vaca ‘‘not to be sad, there would soon be prickly- pears,’’ although the season of this fruit of the cactus might be months distant. When the pears were ripe the people feasted and danced and forgot their former privations. They destroyed their female infantsto prevent them being taken by their enemies and thus becoming the means of increasing the latter’s numbers. They seem to have been more closely re- lated by custom to tribes near the coast, like the Karankawa, than to the agricul- tural people toward the nN. and w. So far as known thetribeisextinct. (A. c. FP.) Iguaces.—Barcia, Historiadores, I, 20, 1749. Igua- ses.—Ibid., 19. Yeguaces.—Ibid., 19, 20. Yegua- ses.—Davis, Span. Cong. N. Mex., 82, 1869. Yeguaz.—Cabeca de Vaca, Smith trans., 180, 1871. Yeguazes.—Ibid., 62,1851. Yguaces.—Barcia, His- toriadores, I, 28,1749. Yguases.—Cabeca de Vaca, op. cit., 92, 1871. Yguazes.—Ibid., 102, 136. Yiikulme. A former Maidu village on the w. side of Feather r., just below the village of Hoako, in the present Sutter co., Cal. (R. B. D.) Coolmehs.—Powers in Overland, Mo., x11, 420, 1874. Kul’-meh.—Powers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 111, 282, 1877. Yiikulme.—Dixon in Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., xvu, map, 1905. : Yikkhaich. A Yaquina village on the n. side of Yaquina r., nearly opposite the site of the present Elk City, Oreg. Lickawis.—Lewis and Clark Exped., 11, 118, 1814. Lukawis.—Ibid., 473. Lukawisse.—Am. Pioneer, II, 189, 1848. Yi-kq‘aic’-—Dorsey in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 111, 229, 1890. Yjar. Mentioned by Ofate (Doe. Inéd., xtv, 114, 1871) as a pueblo of the Jemez in New Mexico in 1598. It can not be identified with the native name of any of the ruins in the vicinity of Jemez. Yxcaguayo.—Ofiate, op. cit., 102 (misprint combi- nation of Yjar (Yxar) and the first two syllables of Guayoguia, the name of another pueblo next mentioned). Ymacachas. One of the 9 Natchez vil- lages in 1699.—Iberville in Margry, Déc., 1v, 179, 1880. Yman. A former small tribe repre- sented at San Antonio de Valero mission, Texas. Ymic. A tribe given in 1708 ina list of tribes nN. E. of San Juan Bautista mis- sion, on the lower Kio Grande ( Fr. Isidro Felix de Espinosa, ‘‘Relacion Compendi- osa’’ of the Rio Grande missions, in ar- chives of College of Santa Cruz de Queré- taro). It may be identical with the Emet (q. v.), or Ymat, frequently met in the district &. of San Antonio. (H. E. B.) Ymunakam. A _ village, presumably Costanoan, formerly connected with San Carlos mission, Cal. It is said to have belonged to the Kalendaruk division. Ymunacam.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 20, 1860. Yumanagan.—Ibid. (connected with Soledad mission. ) 998 Yneaopi. Mentioned by Ofiate (Doc. Inéd., xtv, 103, 1871) as a pueblo of New Mexico in 1598. Yucaopi.—Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 137, 1889 (misprint). Yodetabi. A Patwin tribe that formerly lived at Knight’s Landing, Yolo co., Cal. Todetabi.—Powell in 7th Rep. B. A. E., 70, 1891 (misprint). Yo-det’-a-bii—Powers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 111, 219, 1877. Yodetabies.—Powers in Overland Mo., XIII, 548, 1874. Yodok. A former Maidu village on the gE. bank of American r., just below the junction of South fork, Sacramento co., Cal.—Dixon in Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., xvi, map, 1905. Yogoyekaydn (‘juniper’). An Apache band or clan at San Carlos agency and Ft Apache, Ariz., in 1881.—Bourke in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 111, 112, 1890. Yoholomicco (yahdélo, ‘hallooer,’ an ini- tiation title; miko, ‘chief’). A Creekchief, born on Coosar., Ga., about 1790; died in Arkansasabout 1838. Hewas headman of YOHOLOMICCO Eufaula town, a warrior of prowess, and one of the most persuasive orators in the Creek nation. Of the party of Mac- Intosh, he fought under Gen. Jackson against the rebel Creeks in 1813-14, and subsequently signed the various treaties ceding Creek lands and agreeing to emi- grate beyond the Mississippi. He died of the hardships of the journey when the removal took place, having previously lost his chieftaincy and seat in the coun- cil on account of his complaisance to the whites. (F. H.) Yojuane. A Tonkawan tribe of north- ern and central Texas, frequently men- tioned in 18th century Spanish records. Since their general history, customs, and ethnological relations are outlined under YNCAOPI—YOJUANE [B. A. B. Tonkawa, only a few characteristic facts concerning them need be given here. The Yojuane and Tonkawa tribes were unmistakably mentioned in 1691 by Fran- cisco de Jesus Maria as the ‘‘ DiuJuan”’ and the ‘‘Tanqua ay,’’ among the ene- mies of the Hasinai. It is probable that the Ayennis, spoken of in 1698 by Talon, and the Yakwal (‘drifted ones’ ) remem- bered, according to Gatschet, in Tonka- wa tradition, were the Yojuane. That the Joyvan met by Du Rivage in 1719 on Red r., 70 leagues above the Kadohada- cho, were the same tribe, there is little room for doubt (see Francisco de Jesus Marfa, Relacién, 1691, MS.; Interroga- tions faites 4 Pierre et Jean Talon, 1698, in Margry, Déc., 111, 616, 1878; LaHarpe, ibid., v1, 277, 1886; and cf. Yakwal). Throughout the 18th century the Yojua- ne shared the common Tonkawan hatred for the Apache. There are indications of an early hostility toward the Hasinai also. For example, about 1714 (the chronology is not clear), according to Espinosa they burned the Neche village and destroyed the main fire temple of the Hasinai, confederacy. Ramon in 1716 likewise mentions them among the ene- mies of the Hasinai (Espinosa, Crdénica Apostélica, pt. 1, 424, 1746; Dictamen Fiscal, MS., in Mem. de Nueva Espana, xxvil, 193). Before the middle of the century, however, these relations with the Hasinai seem to have been changed, and in the latter half of the century the tribes frequently went together against the Apache. The Yojuane tribe comes most prom- inently into notice between 1746 and 1756, in connection with the San Xavier missions on San Gabriel r., Texas. The four chiefs who went to San Antonio to ask for the missions were of the ‘‘ Yojua- nes, Deadozes, Maieyes, and Rancheria Grande,’’ and Yojuane were among the neophytes gathered at the missions estab- lished as a result of that request. With some exceptions the indications are that by the middle of the 18th century the tribe had moved southward with the Tonkawa into central Texas... One of these exceptions is the statement that they had a village on Rio del Fierro, between San Sabi and the Taovayas (the Wichita r., perhaps), but that about 1759 it was destroyed by the Lipan, when the Yojuane fled to the Tonkawa, one of their number becoming a chief of that tribe (Cabello to Loyola, Béxar Archives, Province of Texas, 1786, MS.). The village on the Rio del Fierro could not have been the permanent residence of a large part of the tribe, for several times before this the Yojuane are referred to as living near the Hasinai, who were in E. Texas. In 1772 the Yocovane, ap- parently the Yojuane, were included by BULL. 30] a Meziéres among the Tonkawa. This is one of several indications that the Yojua- ne tribe was absorbed by the Tonkawa in the latter half of the 18th century. In 1819 Juan Antonio de Padilla wrote in his report on the Texas Indians that a tribe of 190 people called ‘‘ Yuganis,”’ and having customs like the ‘‘Cado,”’ lived ‘‘east of Nacodoches on the Nechas river.’’ Terdin, in 1828, called what ap- pears to be thesame tribe the ‘‘ Yguanes.’’ These names suggest the Yojuane, whom they may possibly have been, but it seems improbable that they were identi- cal (Padilla, Indios Barbaros de Texas, 1819, MS.; Terdin, Noticia, in Bol. Soe. Geog. Mex., 269, Apr. 1870). (H. E. B.) Ayennis.—Talon (1698) in Margry, Déc., III, 616, 1878 (identical?), DiuJuan.—Francisco de Jesus Maria, Relacién, 1691, MS. Iacovane.— Morfi (ca. 1782) in Mem. Hist. Tex., MS. Iojuan.— MS. (ca.1746)in Archivo Gen. Mexico. Jojuanes,— Solis (1768), Diario, MS. in Mem. de Nueva Espana, XXVII, 277 (evidently a miscopy for lojuanes). Joyvan.—LaHarpe (1719), op. cit. Yacavanes.—Bonilla (1772) in Tex. Hist. Asso. Quar., VIII, 66, 1905. Yocovanes.—Meziéres, MS. Informe, 29, 1772 (identical?). Yohuane.—Arrici- vita, Chr6énica Apostolica, pt. 11,1792. Yojuanes.— Ramon (1716), Dict. Fiscal, op. cit. Yujuanes.— Gabzabal (1748) letter in Mem. de Nueva Espana, XXVIII, m1 Yokaia (‘south valley’). Animportant division of the Pomo, formerly inhabiting the southern part of Ukiah valley, Men- docino co., Cal. The town and valley of Ukiah are named from them. Not to be confused with Yuki. Ukiahs.—Taylor in Cai. Farmer, June 8, 1860. Ukias.—Ibid., May 18. Ya-ki-as.—McKee (1851) in Sen. Ex. Doc. 4, 32d Cong., spec. sess., 144, 1853. Yaskai.—Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, Iv, 553, 1854 (probably identical), Yohios.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, May 18,1860. Yo-kai-a.—Powers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 111, 163, 1877. Yo-kai-a-mah.—Ibid. Yukae.—Latham in Proc. Philol. Soe. Lond., v1, 79, 1852-3. Yukai.—Gibbs (1851) in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, II, 112, 1853. Yo-Kei.—Jenkins in Sen. Ex. Doc. 57, 32d Cong., 2d sess., 10, 1853. Yol- hios.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Mar. 30, 1860. Yokeag. A corruption of Pequot- Mohegan yolk’hig, an abbreviation of yoR higan ‘ (what is) made soft.’ Parched corn reduced to a very fine powder, and sometimes mixed with maple sugar. It is still prepared by the Pequot-Mohegan of the Indian reservation on Thames r., Conn., and is sometimes sold by them to their white neighbors, who eat it with milk and sometimes with ice cream. See Nocake, Rokeag. (w. BR. G.) Yokhter. A Yurok village on lower Klamath r., above Pekwan and below Shregegon, but on the opposite side of the river, in N. w. Cal. Yau-terrh.—Gibbs (1851) in Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, 111, 138, 1853. Yokhter.—A. L. Kroeber, inf’n, 1905. Yoki ( Yo’-ki). The Rain clan of the Patki (Cloud or Water-house) phratry of the Hopi.—Stephen in 8th Rep. B.A. E:, 39, 1891. Yokol (probably a form of yokuts, or yokuch, ‘person,’ ‘Indian’). A Yokuts (Mariposan) tribe formerly living on Ka- YOKAIA—YONAGUSKA 999 weah r., Cal., but now extinct. They lived about Kaweah station, near Exeter, Tulare co., on the s. side of the river op- posite the Kawia. (A. L. kK.) Yocolles.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, June 8, 1860, Yoko.—Hoffman in Proce. Am. Philos. Soc., X XIII, 301, 1886. Yokod.—A. L. Kroeber, inf’n, 1905 (name in Yokuts foothill dialects)..- Yokol.—Ibid. (name in Yokuts valley dialects). Yo-kols.—Johnston in Sen. Ex. Doe. 61, 32d Cong., 1st sess., 23, 1852. Yo-kul.—Wessells (1853) in H. R. Ex. Doe. 76, 34th Cong., sess., 32, 1857. Yowkies.—Purcell in Ind. Aff. Rep., 198, 1870. Yueal.—Hale misquoted by Bancroitt, Nat. Races, I, 451, 1874. Yukal,—Hale, Ethnog. and Philol., 631, 1846. Yu/-kol—Powers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 111, 370, 1877. Yokolimdu. A former Nishinam village in the valley of Bear r., which is the next stream N. of Sacramento, Cal. Yokoalimduh.—Powers in Overland Mo., XII, 22, 1874. Yo-ko’-lim-duh.—Powers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., 111, 316, 1877. Yokulme ( Yu-kul/-m2). A former Maidu village on the w. bank of Feather ., near Starr’s Landing, Sutter co., Cal., with 12 inhabitants in 1856. Probably the same as Kulme. (B82 B2D;)) Yukulmey.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, June 8, 1860. Yukutneys.—Bancroft, Nat. Races, 1, 450, 1874. Yokuts. See Mariposun Family. Yolanar. Mentioned as a Creek town (H. R. Ex. Doc. 276, 24th Cong., 300, 1836). It was more likely Seminole and was probably a branch town of Chiaha on Apalachicola r., Fla. Possibly the same as the modern name Iola. Yolo (said to mean ‘region thick with rushes’). A Patwin tribe after which Yolo co., Cal., was named. There were 45 of the tribe prying ts in Yolo co. in 1884. Tolenos.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Mar. 30, 1860 (probable misprint for Yolenos). Yolays.—Ban- croft, Nat. Races, I, 362,1874. Yolos.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, June 8, 1860. Yoloy.—Bancroft, Nat. Races. I, 450, 1874 (proper form, meaning ‘a re- gion thick with rushes’). Yoloytoy.—Bancroft, Hist. Cal., Iv, 71, 1886. Yonaguska (properly Yd/nt-gin’ski, ‘The bear drowns him,’ whence his common name ‘Drowning-bear’). The adopted father of Col. Wm. H. Thomas, and the most prominent chief in the history of the East Cherokee, although, singularly enough, his name does not occur in connection with any of the early wars or treaties. This is due partly to the fact that he was a peace chief and counselor rather than a war leader, and in part to the fact that the isolated position of the mountain Chero- kee kept them aloof, in a great measure, from the tribal councils of those liv- ing to the w. and s. In person he was strikingly handsome, being 6 ft 3 in. in height and strongly built, with a faint tinge of red, due to a slight strain of white blood on his father’s side, reliey- ing the brown of his cheeks. In power of oratory he is said to have surpassed any other chief of his day. When the Cher- okee lands on Tuckasegee r. were sold by the treaty of 1819, Yonaguska continued to reside on a reservation of 640 acres in - a bend of the river a short distance above 1000 the present Bryson City, N. Car., on the site of the ancient Kituhwa. He after- ward moved over to Oconaluftee, and finally, after the removal, gathered his people about him and settled with them on Soco er. on lands purchased for them by Thomas. He was a prophet and re- former as well as a chief. When about 60 years of age he had a severe illness, terminating in a trance, during which his people mourned him as dead. At the end of 24 hours, however, he awoke to consciousness and announced that he had been to the spirit world, where he had talked with friends who had gone before, and with God, who had sent him back with a message to the Indians, promising to call him again at a later time. From that day until his death his words were listened to as those of one inspired. He had been somewhat ad- dicted to liquor, but now, on the recom- mendation of Thomas, not only stopped drinking himself, but organized his tribe into a temperance society. To accom- plish this he called his people together in council, and, after clearly pointing out to them the serious effect of intemper- ance, in an eloquent speech that moved some of his audience to tears, he declared that God had permitted him to return to earth especially that he might thus warn his people and banish whisky from among them. He then had Thomas write out a pledge, which was signed first by the chief and then by each one of the council, and from that time until after his death whisky was unknown among the East Cherokee. Although frequent pressure was brought to bear to induce him and his people to remove to the W., he firmly resisted every persuasion, de- claring that the Indians were safer from aggression among their rocks and moun- tains than they could ever be in a land which the white man could find profit- able, and that the Cherokee could be happy only in the country where nature had planted him. While counseling peace and friendship with the white man, he held always to his Indian faith and was extremely suspicious of mission- aries. Bible translation into the Cherokee lan- guage and alphabet, some one brought a copy of Matthew from New Echota, but Yonaguska would not allow it to be read to his people until it had first been read to himself. After listening to one or two chapters the old chief dryly remarked: ‘‘Well, it seems to be a good book— strange that the white people are not better, after having had itso long.’”” He died, aged about 80, in Apr. 1839, within a year after the removal. Shortly before the end he had himself carried into the townhouse on Soco er., of which he had YON ALUS—YOPON * On one occasion, after the first. [B. A. B. supervised the building, wnere, extended on a couch, he made a last talk to his people, commending Thomas to them as their chief and again warning them ear- nestly against ever leaving their own country. Then wrapping his blanket around him, he quietly lay back and died. He was buried beside Soco, about a mile below the old Macedonia mission, with a rude mound of stones to mark the spot. He left two wives and consider- able property, including an old negro slave named Cudjo, who was devotedly attached to him. One of his daughters, Katalsta, still (1909) survives, and is the last conservator of the potter’s art among the East Cherokee. (3. M.) Yonalus. Mentioned by Ofnate (Doc. Inéd., xvi, 118, 1871) as a pueblo of New Mexico in 1598. Doubtless situated in the Salinas, in the vicinity of Abo, £. of the Rio Grande. It seemingly pertained to either the Tigua or the Piro. Xonalis.—Bancroft, Ariz. and N. Mex., 135, 1889 (misprint). Yonalins—Columbus Mem. Vol., 154, 1893 (misprint. ) d Yoncopin. See Wampapin. Yonh (‘hickory-nut’). A Yuchi clan. Youh taha.—Gatschet, Uchee MS., B. A. E., 71, 1885 (=‘hickory-nut gens’). Yonkalla. The southernmost Kala- pooian tribe, formerly living on Elk and Calapooya crs., tributaries of Umpqua r., Oreg. According to Gatschet there were two bands, called Chayankeld and Tsan- tokayu by the Lakmiut, but it seems likely that the former name (Tch’ Ayan- ké/ld) is merely the native tribal name. The tribe is probably extinct. (L. F.) Ayankeld.—Gatschet in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, Xn, 212, 1899. Jamkallie—Latham in Jour. Ethnol. Soe. Lond., I, 158, 1848. Tch’Ayanké’ld.—Gatschet, Calapooya MS., B. A. E., 1877 (‘those living at Ayankeld’: ownname). Yamkallie.—Scouler in Jour. Roy. Geog. Soc., XI, 225,1841. Yamkally.— Bancroft, Nat. Races, 111, 565, 1882. Yoncolla.— McClane in Ind. Aff. Rep., 184, 1887. Yonkalla.— Gatschet in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, x11, 212, 1899, Youlolla.—Ind. Aff. Rep., 422, 1888. Yonora. A former Tepehuane pueblo in Durango, Mexico; the seat of the mis- sion of San Miguel. S$. Miguel Yonora.—Orozco y Berra, Geog., 318, 1864. Yontuh (‘acorn’). A Yuchi clan. Yontw’h taha.—Gatschet, Uchee MS., B. A. E., 71, 1885 (=‘ acorn gens’). Yoo (‘beads’). A Navaho clan. Yoo.—Matthews in Jour. Am. Folk-lore, 111, 104, 1890. Yopon (yaupon). (1) The Southern traders’ name of Ilex cassine, an elegant species of holly growing to a height of 10 ot 15 feet in close proximity to the coast. (2) A beverage prepared trom the tor- refied leaves, and possessing the prop- erties of an exhilarant and gentle diuretic. This beverage, called by the British trad- ers ‘‘black drink’’ (q. v.), from the color of the strong infusion, was drunk by the Creeks at their ‘‘busk’”’ (see Busk), and by the elders when assembled in council BULL. 30] or when discussing everyday topics. The infusion was used for different purposes, according to itsstrength. Like the leaves of Ilex paraguayensis (maté), guayusa, cacao, guarana, tea, and coffee, the leaves of the holly under consideration owe their property of a nerve excitant to the alka- loid theine which they contain. The inhabitants of the Southern seaboard still annually collect and dry the leaves and use them as tea, which, however, is op- pressively sudorific, at least to those who are unaccustomed to the use of it. The name is from Catawba yopiin, a diminu- tive of yop, ‘tree,’ ‘shrub.’ (Ww. R. G.) Yoquibo (ydki ‘bluebird’, ivo ‘mesa’: ‘bluebird on the mesa’). A Tarahu- mare village between the mining settle- ments of Batopilas and Zapuri, near the extreme headwaters of the Rio Fuerte, in the Sierra Madre, w. Chihuahua, Mex- ico.—Lumholtz, Unknown Mex., 1, 180, 1902. Yoricas. A former tribe of s. Texas, perhaps Coahuiltecan, members of which were encountered by Fernando del Bosque, in 1675, in company with some of the Hapes. Goricas.—Reyillagigedo (1793) quoted by Orozco y Berra, Geog., 306, 1864. Goxicas.—Revillagigedo quoted by Bancroft, Nat. Races, 1,611, 1886. Yori- cas.—Fernando del Bosque (1675) in Nat. Geog. Mag., XIV, 343, 1903. Yorkjough. A Seneca village about 12 m. from Anagangaw (Honeoye, q. v.) and about 6m. from New Genesee, proba- bly in Livingston co., N. Y., destroyed by Gen. Sullivan in 1779.—Livermore (1779) in N. 1. Hist. Soc: Coll., vi, 328, 1850. Yoroonwago. A Seneca village formerly situated on upper Allegheny r., near the present Corydon, Warren co., Pa. It was one of the towns in the Seneca set- tlement that extended for nearly 8 m. along the Allegheny before 1779, near the later Cornplanter (Seneca) res., N. Y. This village is mentioned by this name by Col. Brodhead, to whom the name was given by John Montour. No such name appears on any of the maps of the period. It was probably situated at or near the village noted on Ellicott’s map of 1786 as Tushhanushagota (Arch. Pa., XI, map, 1855); it is also noted on the Historical Map of Pennsylvania (Hist. Soc. Pa., 1875) as Tayunchoneyu, but is wrongly located below Conewango ( War- ren, Pa.), whereas according to Brod- head’s statement it was 20 m. abcve that place. (a. P. D.) Inshaunshagota,—Howells, map, 1792, Tayuncho- neyu, —Hist. Map Pa., Hist.Soc. Pa. 1875. Teusha- nushsong-goghta,—Adlum map, 1790, in Arch. Pa., 3d_s., I, 1894. Tushhanushagota.—Ellicott map, 1786, in Arch. Pa., X1, 1855. Yahrungwago.—Brod- head (1779), ibid., X11, 166, 1856. Yoghroonwago,— Ibid., 156. Yoroonwago.—Hist. Map Pa., Hist. Soc. Pa., 1875 (wrongly situated). YOQUIBO—YOW ANI 1001 Yorotees. Given by Ker (Tray., 139, 1816) as a tribe living 80 m. s. sw. of Red r., apparently in w. Texas, but ‘‘ona lake called by the natives Testzapotecas,”’ and numbering 5,000. ‘The so-called tribe is evidently imaginary. Yotammoto. A former Maidu village near Genesee, Plumas co., Cal.—Dixon in Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., xv11, map, 1905. Yotlik. An Eskimo village in w. Green- land, lat. 73° 40’.—Kane, Arct. Explor., 1, 52, 1856. Youahnoe. Given in John Work’s list (Schooleraft, Ind. Tribes, v, 488, 1855) as the name of a Kaigani town having 18 houses and 234 inhabitants in 1836-41. It may possibly have been the summer town of Kaigani. Youghtanund. A tribe of the Powhatan confederacy living on the s. bank of Pamunkey r., Va., perhaps in Hanover co. Pop. in 1608 estimated at about 240. Youghtamund.—Strachey (ca. 1612) ), Va., 35, 1849. Youghtanund.—Smith (1629), Va., I, 117, repr. 1819. Youthtanundo.—Simons, ibid., 160. Young Man Afraid of His Horses. A chief of the Oglala Sioux, contemporane- ous with Red Cloud and one of the lead- ing lieutenants of the latter in the war of 1866 to defeat the building ofthe Montana road through the buffalo pastures of Powder r. His Sioux name, Tasunka- kokipapi, is not properly interpreted; it really means that the bearer was so potent in battle that the mere sight of his horses inspired fear. After the peace of 1868 he lived at the Oglala agency and died at Pine Ridge, 8. Dak. (D. RB.) Youpon. See Black drink, Yopon. Yowani (probably ‘the cutworm,’ or ‘the caterpillar’). A former important Choctaw town on Chickasawhay r., a mile or two s. of the modern town of Shubuta, Clarke co., Miss. The terri- tory belonging to it extended westward to the eastern dividing ridge of Bogue Homa, northward as far as Pachuta er., and southward perhaps as far asthe con- fluence of Chickasawhay and Buckatunna rs. Its eastern boundaries are unknown. It is often mentioned by Adairand other contemporary writers. It seems that at one time during the 18th century it was included among the Sixtowns people, and the entire district was then sometimes called Seventowns. It was perhaps in 1764 that a band of Yowani separated from the main clan, emigrated to Louisi- ana, and united with the Caddo, forming the Yowani band in the Caddo tribe, an organization nearly extinct in 1892. All the remaining Yowani living in their ancient territory removed in 1832, in the second emigration, except two fam- ilies, whose descendants still live in Mississippi. Some Yowani Choctaw set- 1002 tled about 4 m. nN. of Lecompte, Rapides parish, La., but the settlement was prob- ably abandoned before 1850; others went to the Chickasaw Nation, Ind. Ter., where they gained a livelihood as_ trappers; others settled between Red r. and Bayou Natchitoches, La., while afew passed into Texas. Consult Adair, Am. Inds., 1775; Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., 1, 79, 1884; Halbert (1) in Pub. Ala. Hist. Soc., Mise. Coll., 1, 880, 1901; (2) in Pub. Miss. Hist. Soe., 111, 370, 1900; v1, 403-410, 1902. Ayuwani.—Gatschet, Caddo and Yatassi MS., B A. E., 66 (Caddo name). Aywani.—Ibid. (an- other Caddo name). Ewany.—Romans, Florida, map, 1775. Haiowanni.—Halbert in Pub. Miss. Hist. Soe., 432, 1902. Hewanee.—Royce in 18th Rep. B. A. E., Miss. map, 1900. Hewanny.—Hal- bert, op. cit. Hewhannee.—Am. State Papers, Ind. Aff., I, 689, 1882. Heyowani.—Mooney in 14th Rep. B. A. E., 1093, 1896. Hiowanni.—Ham- ilton in Pub. Miss. Hist. Soc., v1, 405, 1902 (quot- ing various writers). Hiyoomannee.—Am. State Papers, op. cit., 749. Hiyoowannee.—Ibid. Ia- wani.—Latham, Varieties of Man, 350, 1850. Io- wanes.—Ind. Aff. Rep. 1849, 33, 1850. Iwanies.— Bollaert in Jour, Ethnol. Soe, Lond., 11, 265, 1850. Tawanis.—Latham in Trans. Philol. Soc. Lond., 103, 1856. Yauana.—Bartram, Voy., I, map, 1799. Yoani.—Romans, Florida, 86, 312,1775. Yonanny.— Biog. and Hist. Mem. of N. W. La., 526, 1890. Youana.—Alcedo, Dic. Geog., Vv, 407, 1789. You- ane.—Jefferys, French Dom. Am., map, 135, 1761. Youané.—d’ Anvyille’s mapin Hamilton, Col. Mo- bile, 158, 1897. Youna.—Lattré, map U. S., 1784. Yowana.—Adair, Am. Inds., map, 1775. Yowdani.— Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., 11, 206,1888. Yo- wanne.—Adair, op. cit., 297. Ypuec. A Chumashan village formerly in Ventura co., Cal. Hi’-puk.—Henshaw, Buenaventura MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1884. Ypue.—Taylor in Cal. Farmer, July 24, 1863. Ysbupue. A tribe named in 1708 ina list of those which had been met or heard of n. of San Juan Bautista mission, on the lower Rio Grande (Fr. Isidro Felix de Espinosa, ‘‘ Relacién Compendiosa’”’ of the Rio Grande missions, MS. in archives of College of Santa Cruz de Querétaro, Mexico). (H. E. B.) Yscanis. A tribe of the Wichita con- federacy; they were entirely distinct from the Asinais (Hasinai), though the names of the two tribes have been con- fused. It is possible that the Ysconis, or Isconis, reported to Domingo de Mendoza in 1684 among the tribes awaiting him somewhere in central or E. Texas, were the Yscanis (Mendoza, Viage, 1683-84, MS.). In 1719 LaHarpe visited them (the ‘‘Ascanis’’) on Canadian r., where they were living a settled life with the Wichita, Taovayas (Tawehash), and Tawakoni. LaHarpe also reported an- other village of the Ascanis 60 leagues farther to the n. w. (Margery, Déc., v1, 293, 1886). Little more is heard of these tribes till the middle of the 18th century, by which time they had all moved south- ward into n. Texas, under pressure from their bitter enemies, the Comanche and the Osage. Aecording to an official re- port made in 1762, the Yscanis had been YPUC—YSCANIS [B. A. B. among the numerous tribes which, about 1746, asked the missionaries at San An- tonio for missions in central Texas. If this be true, they were possibly the Hiscas, or Haiscas, mentioned in docu- ments relating to the San Xavier mis- sions (Royal cedulas of Apr. 6, 1748, and Mar. 21, 1752, MSS. in Archivo Gen. de México). In 1760 Fr. Calahorra y Saenz, of Nacogdoches, went among the Yscanis and Tawakoni to establish peace, and soon afterward made an unsuccessful at- tempt to foundamission forthem. These two tribes were at that time living close together on a stream in nN. Texas, appar- ently farther sx. than the place where Meziéres found them a decade later (con- temporary docs. in Béxar Archives). The Yscanis took part in the peace con- ference held by Meziéres in 1770 at the Kadohadacho village, and two years later they sent representatives to Béxar to ratify the convention before the governor of Texas. When, in 1772, Meziéres vis- ited the tribe, they were living near the E. bank of the Trinity, somewhere below the present Palestine, 7 leagues r. of one of the Tawakoni villages, and an equal distance w. of the Kichai. The village consisted of 60 warriors and their fami- lies. They lived in a scattered agricul- tural settlement, raised maize, beans, melons, and calabashes, were closely allied with the other Wichita tribes, whose language they spoke, and were said by Meziéres to be cannibals. There are in- dications that after this the Yscanis united with the Tawakoni, with whom they had always been most closely associated, to reappear, perhaps, in the 19th century, as the Waco. In his reports of his ex- peditions made in 1778 and 1779 to the Wichita tribes Mezicres does not men- tion the Yscanis, but he fully deseribes the two Tawakoni villages, then both on’ the Brazos. Morfi, about 1782, on what authority is not known, states that the ‘““Tuacana nation, to which are united some 90 families of the Ixcani, occupies two towns on the banks of the river Brazos de Dios’’ (Mem. Hist. Tex., bk. u, MS.). This not improbable, for al- though the Yscanis are sometimes men- tioned by name as late as 1794, at least, it is always in connection with the other Wichita tribes, and with no indication as to their location. After 1794, so far as has been learned, the name is not used. But a quarter of a century later, when the Tawakoni villages are again men- tioned in the records (now English in- stead of Spanish), one of them appears as that of the Waco, a ‘name formerly un- known in Texas, and not accounted for by migration. The Waco may have been the Yscanis under a new name. For other information, see Tawakoni, Tawe- hash, Waco, Wichita. (H. E. B.) BULL. 30] Haiscas.— Ascanis.—LaHarpe (1719), op. cit. His- Royal cedula of 1752, op. cit. (identical?). eas—Ibid., 1748. Hyscanis.—Kerlérec (1753), Projet de Paix, in Jour. Soe. des Américanistes de Paris, n. s., 111, no. 1, 72, 1900. Isconis.—Men- doza (1684), op. cit. Ixcanis.—Morfi (ca. 1782), op. cit. Izacanis.—Cabello, Informe, 1784, MS. Yscan.—Gonzalez (1770), MS. letter in the Arch- ivo Gen. Méx. Yseanes.—Melchor Afan de Ri- vera (1768), letter to Hugo O’Conor, MS. in Béxar Archives. Ysconis.—Mendoza (1684), op. cit. Yta. Yuma.—Turner in Pac. R. R. Rep., 111, pt. 3, 55, 94, 101, 1856 (includes Cuchan, Coco-Maricopa, Mojave, Diegefio); Latham in Trans. Philol. Soe. Lond., 86, 1856; Latham, Opuscula, 351, 1860 (as above); Latham, Opuscula, addenda, 392, 1860 (adds Cuchan to the group); Latham El. Comp. Philol., 420, 1862 (includes Cuchan, Cocomaricopa, Mojave, Dieguno); Gatschet in Mag. Am. Hist., 156, 1877 (mentions only U.S. members of family); Keane in Stanford, Compend., Cent. and So. Am., 460, 479, 1878 (includes Yumas, Maricopas, Cu- chans, Mojaves, Yampais, Yavipais, Hualpais); Bancroft, Nat. Races, 111, 569, 1882, =Yuma.— Gatschet in Beach, Ind Misc., 429, 1877 (habitat and dialects of family); Gatschet in U.S. Geog. Surv. W. 100th Mer., vi, 413, 414, 1879. =Yuman,— Powell in 7th Rep. B. A. E, 137, 1891. >Die- guno.—Latham (1853) in Proc. Philol. Soe. Lond., VI, 75, 1854 (includes mission of San Diego, Dieguno, Cocomaricopas, Cuchani, Yumas, Ama- quaquas). >Cochimi.—Latham in Trans. Philol. Soc. Lond., 87, 1856 (northern part peninsula of California); Buschmann, Spuren der aztek. Sprache, 471, 1859 (center of California peninsula); Latham, Opuscula, 353, 1860; Latham, El. Comp. Philol., 423, 1862; Orozco y Berra, Geog., map, 1864; Keane in Stanford, Compend., Cent. and So. Am., 476, 1878 (head of gulf to near Loreto). Yumersee (misspelling of Yamasee, q.v.). A former Seminole town at the head of Sumulgahatchee r., 20 m. n. of St Marks, Wakulla co., Fla. Alac Hajo was chief in 1823.—H. R. Ex. Doc. 74, 19th Cong., 1st sess., 27, 1826. Yungyu. The Opuntia Cactus clan of the Chua (Snake) phratry of the Hopi. Yunt winwui.—Fewkesin 19th Rep. B. A. E., 582, 1900. Yu’-nu wun-wu.—Fewkes in Am. Anthr., VII, 402, 1894 (wuifi-wti=‘clan’). Yu/n-ya.—Stephen in 8th Rep. B. A. E., 38, 1891. _ Yunsawi ( Yéinsd’i, ‘buffalo place’). A former Cherokee settlement on w. Buf- YUMERSEE—-YUROK [B. A. B. falo cr. of Cheowa r., in Graham co., N. C. Buffalo Town.—Doc. of 1799 quoted by Royce in 5th Rep., B. A. E., 144, 1887. Ydinsa’/i.—Mooney in 10th Rep. B. A. E., 547, 1900. Yunu. A Maidu division living s£. of Chico, Butte co., Cal. Yuni.—Curtin, MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1885. Yupaha. An ancient province, gov- erned by a woman and said to have much metal, described as lying 5. of Apalache, in n. w Florida or s. w. Georgia. It was heard of by De Soto in 1540, and may have been identical with the territory of the Yuchi (q. v.). Yupacha.—Harris, Voy. and Tray., I, 806, 1705. Yupaha.—Gentl. of Elvas (1557) in French, Hist. Coll. La., 11, 186, 1850. } Yupon. See Black drink, Yopon. ; Yupu ( Ya’-pu). A former Maidu vil- lage on the w. bank of Feather r., on the site of the present Yuba City, Sutter co., Cal. In 1850 it contained 180 inhab- itants. The name Yuba is a corruption of Yupu. (R. B. D.) Bubu.—Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, 450, 1874. Ne- vadas.—Ind. Aff. Rep. 1856, 251, 1857. Ubu.—Ban- croft, op. cit. Vubum.—Chever in Bull. Essex Inst. 1870, I, 28, 1871. Yubas.—Day (1850) in Sen. Ex. Doc. 4, 32d: Cong., spec. sess., 39, 1853. Yupi.—Curtin, MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1885. Yuvas.—Fremont, Geog. Memoir, 22, 1848. Yupwauremau. One of thetwo Woccon townsin Greene co., N. C., in 1700.—Law- son, Hist. Car. (1714), 383, 1860. Yuquot. The principal town of the Mooachaht, situated in Friendly cove, Nootka sd., w. coast of Vancouver id. In olden times it was a widely known place, continually frequented by trading vessels. Pop. 172 in 1904, 140 in 1910. Moacha,—Can. Ind. Aff., pt. 2, 88,1910. Nootka.— Jewitt, Narr., passim, 1849. Yucuatl.—Galiano, Relacion, 117, 1802. Yuquot.—Can. Ind. Aff., 264, 1902. Yurguimes. A former tribe of N. 5. Coa- huila ors. Texas, perhaps Coahuiltecan. — Doc. quoted by Orozco y Berra, Geog., 306, 1864. Yurok (from Karok yuruk, ‘down- stream’). =Shinalutaoin. Cinco Senores Busanic=Busanic. Cinecu=Senecu del Sur. Cinega=Cienega. Cinelas=Conestoga. Cingpoils=Sanpoil. Ciniques, Ciunakee, Cinnigos=Seneca. Cinola=Zunhi. Cinoquipe=Sinoquipe. Cintu-aluka=Comanche. Ci-nyu-miih= Hopi. Ci-o-h6-pa=Cheokhba. Ciou, Cioux= Dakota. Cipaulire, Ci-pau/-lo-vi=Shipaulovi. Cipias=Tsipiakwe. Cipoliva, Ci-pow-lovi=Shipaulovyi. Cig! ldaptix=Shikeldaptikh. Ciquique= Pecos. Circe=Sarsi. Circuic= Pecos. Cisca=Chisca. Cisquiouws=Karok. Cissitons=Sisseton, Ci’-sta kqwis’-ta, Ci’-sta qwus’-ta yanne=Chasta- costa. , Ci-sta -qwit= Umpqua. Ci-sta’/-qwit-mé’ yunné’= Knitsh. Ci’-staé-qwit-ni’-li t’gat’ yanné= Nahankhuotane. Cistocoote=Chastacosta. Citasees= A tasi. Citcumave, Ci-teum-wi=Sichomovi. Cithinistinees=Cree. Citico=Sitiku. Ciuola=Zuhi. Ci’-u-wa-ik—=Shiuwauk. Civano Ki, Ci-vano-Qi—Casa Grande. Civilized Farmers=Farmers’ band, Civola, Civoli, Civona—=Zuni, BULL. 30] Ci/-wa-nu wun-wu=Shiwanu. Ciwere=Chiwere. Ci’-wi-na-kwin, Ci’-wo-na=Zuii. Gixida=Dhighida. Ciya=Sia. Ciyo-subula—Shiyosubula. Ciyo-tanka=Shiyotanka. Ckac’-tin=Shkashtun. Cki¢i, Ckiyi=Skidi. C’kuet=Shkuet. Ckio’/kEm=Shkuokem. Ckute=Shkutch. Qkwa-ri-ré2=Toryohne. Cla=Sia. Clackamas, Clackamis, Clackamos, Clackamurs, Clack-a-mus, Clackanurs, Clackarners=Clackama. Clacks-star, Clackstar, Clackster—Tlatskanai. Cladsaps=Clatsop. Clah-in-nata=Claninnatas. Clahnahquah=Clahnaquah. Claiakwat=Clayoquot. Claikahak, Claikahakamut=Chnagmiut. Claikehakamut=Claikehak. Clakamus, Clakemas=Clackama. Clalams=Clallam. cr/-wa-NU wiN-wii—co ‘¢irctnti C’la’lki=Shlalki. Glal’-kqai-an’-tik—Thlalkhaiuntik. Clallems=Clallam. Clal-lu-i-is=Tlaaluis. Clal-lums=Clallam. Clamakum=Chimakum. Clam-aths= Klamath. Clamcoets=Karankawa. Clamets=Klamath, Lutuamian Family. Clam-nah-min-na-mun= Kathlaminimin. Clamoctomichs, Cla-moc-to-mick’s, Cla-moi-to-micks, Clamoitomish, Clamoitonnish=Klumaitumsh. Clamore=Santsukdh. Clamouths, Clamuth, Clamuts=Klamath. Clanaminamums,Clanaminanums= Kathlaminimin, Clanimatas=Claninnatas. Clannahminamun=Kathlaminamin. Clan-nah-quah, Clan-nah-queh’s Tribe of Moltno- mah’s=Clahnaquah. Clan-nar-min-a-mon’s, Clannarminimuns, Clan-nar- min-na-mon, Clannarminnamuns=Kathlamini- min. Clan-utsh-la=Hlauhla. Clao-qu-aht=Clayoquot. Clap-sott=Clatsop. Clarkamees, Clarkames, Clackama. Clasaps=Clatsop. Claskanio, Class-can-eye-ah=Tlatskanai. Classet=Makah. Classops, Clastope=Clatsop. Clatacamin=Tlatskanai. Gla’-tcaus=Thlachaus. Clat-sa-canin, Clatsaconin—Tlatskanai. Clatsaps=Clatsop. Clatset= Makah. Clatstoni=Tlatskanai. Clatstops, Clatsup=Clatsop. Claucuad=Clayoquot. Claugh-E-wall-hah=Clowwewalla. Claushavn=Claushaven. Claw-et-sus=Tlauitsis. Claxtar, Clax-ter=Tlatskanai. Clayhoosh=Clahoose. Clayoquotoch—Clayoquot. Cleewallees= Huhliwahli. Cle-Hure, Cle-Huse=Clahoose. eee chs. emaks= Tillamook. Clemclemalets, Clem-clem-a-lits=Clemclemalats. Clennuse=Tlanusiyi. Clermont’s band, Clermo’s band=Santsukdhin. Cleu wathta=Huhliwahii. Clew=Kloo. Clewalla, Clewauley, Clewauleys, Clewella, Cle- wulla, Cleyali=Huhliwahii. oon Clickatat, Clicketats, Clickitats—Kl]i- itat. Clickquamish=Cloquallum. Clict-ars, Clic-tass—Clickass. Clikatats=Klikitat. Climath=Klamath. Gli-nai’-ctik=Thlinaitshtik. Clin’-ar-pan=Tzlanapah. Clarkamos, Clarkamus= 1045 Clingats=Tlingit. Clintinos=Cree. Clinton=Pilteuk. Clipalines=Shipaulovi. Clishhooks=Cushook. Clistenos, Clistinos=Cree. Glka’qaik=Thlekakhaik. Qlki’-aus=Thlekuaus. Glku-ca/-tk=Thlekushauk. Qlku’-hwe-yuk’=Thlekuhweyuk. Glkwan’ti-ya’/yanné’=Thlkwantiyatunne. Qlkwi-yau’-ik=Thlekwiyauik. Clockstar=Tlatskanai. Clo-kar-da-ki-ein= Klokadakaydn, Clokwon=Klukwan. Cloo=Kloo. Clossets=Makah. Clotsops=Clatsop. Cloud man’s band= Makhpiyawichashta. Cloud River Indians=Winimem. Clough-e-wal-lah, Clough-e-wall-hah=Clowwe.- walla, Clowetoos, Clow et sus=Tlauitsis. Clowewallas=Clowwewalla. Glte’a-rxi-li-i-tun, Glte’a-rxi’-li-i/ yinné=Chockrela- tan. Glti’-ai-am/-ile kqu-wai’-hu= Khuwaius. Glts’us-me’, Clts’is-me’ jyainné’=Thltsusmetunne. Cluale=Huhliwahli. Club Indians= Yuma. Clukemus=Clackama. Glu’-kwi-u-te’¢u’=Thlukwiutshthu. Clulwarp=Shuswap. Clunsus=Ntlakyapamuk. Clymelymalats=Clemclemalats. Clyoquot, Clyquots=Clayoquot. Cneis=Caddo. Cnistineaux—=Cree. Cnongasgaba=Chongasketon. C’npa’=Snapa. C’nta’k’tl=Sintaktl. Coahuanas=Cajuenche. Coahuilas=Kawia. Coahuilteco—Coahuiltecan. Coajata—Cojate. . Coaksett=Coaxet. Coana=Coama. Co-a-ni-nis= Havasupai. Coaqueria=Kiakima. Coaquis=Coaque. Coarac=Quarai. Coashatay, Coashatta, Coassatlis=Koasati. Coast Crees= Maskegon. Coast Indians, Coastmen=Costanos. Coata=San Andrés Coata. Coatlik= Kotlik. Cobajais, Cobaji=Kawaiisu. Go‘bajnaaj, Co ‘bajnaaji =Thobazhnaazhi. Cobanes= Kohani. Cobb Indians=Hopahka Choctaw. Cobboseecontee=Cabbasagunties. Cobota=Cojate. Coca=Kusa. Cocamaricopa= Maricopa. Cogao =Coosa. Cocapa=Cocopa. Coc-co-man=Kokaman. Cochaly =Cochali. ' Cochatties= Koasati. Cochees= Cochise Apache. Cocheli=Cochiti. Cochenawagoes=Caughnawaga. Co-che-ta-cah, Cochetakers, Co-che-te-ka= Kotsoteka, Cocheti, Cocheto=Cochiti. Cochiemes=Cochimi. Cochilis=Cochiti. Cochimas, Cochime, Cochimies, Cochimy=Cochimi. Cochineans= Havasupai. Cochini=Cochimi. Cochit, Cochite, Co-chi-te-mi’, Cochitenos, Cochitinos, Cochito, Cochitti, Cochity=Cochiti. | Cochnawagah, Cochnewagos, Cocknewakee=(Caugh- nawaga. | Cochnewwasroonaw=Conoy. Cochnichnos= Havasupai. Cochnowagoes=Caughnawaga. Cochopas=Cocopa. Go ‘¢itcini=Thoditshini. 1046 Cocknawagas, Cocknawagees, Cocknewagos—Caugh- nawaga. Cock-o-mans, Coc-ko-nan=Kokaman. Cocluti=Cochiti. Coco=Acoma. Go ‘foko»%ji=Thodhokongzhi. Cocomarecopper, Cocomari, Cocomaricopas, marisepas, Cocomiracopas= Maricopa. Coco Mongo=Cucomogna. Co-con-cah-ras=Cocoueahra. Cogoninos= Havasupai. Co-co-pah=Cocopa. Cocortin=Cocori. Cocospara=Cocospera. Cocuiarachi=Cuquiarachi. Coddoque, Codogdachos = Kadohadacho. Codtanmut=Cataumut. Coehnawaghas=Caughnawaga. Coeni=Caddo. Coenossoeny = Iroquois. Coespan =Cocospera. Coeur and Alenes, Coeur d’Aléne, Coeur d’Eleine, Coeur d’Eliene, Coeur d’Eline, Coeur d’Helene, Cours d’Aleine, Coeurs d’Alénes, Cceurs-d’aliene, Ceurs d’Helene, Cceurs-pointus=Skitswish. Cofa=Ocute. Cofachiqui=Cofitachiqui. Cofachis=Cofaqui. Cofaciqui, Cofetagque=Cofituchiqui. Cofetalaya, Coffadeliah=Kaffetalaya. Cofitachyque =Cofitachiqui. Cofoque =Cofaqui. Coghnawagees, Coghnawages, Coghnawagoes, Cog- hnawayees, Coghnewagoes, Cognahwaghah, Cog- nawagees, Cognawago=Caughnawaga. Coguifa= Kawia. Cohainihoua, Cohainotoas=Cahinnio. Cohakias, Cohakies=Cahokia. Cohanat=Cohannet. Cohannies= K ohani. Cohassiac=Coosuc. Cohias=Cohes. Cohila Apache=Chiricahua. Cohnana=Cajuenche. Cohnawaga, Cohnawagey, wago=Caughnawaga. Cohoninos = Havasupai. Cohuana=Cajuenche. Cohuillas, Cohuilles=Kawia. Cohunewagus, Cohunnawgoes, Cohunnegagoets, Co- hunnewagoes=Caughnawaga. Cohuntas= Kawita. Cohu winwut, Co-hu wun-wui=Shohu. Coiacohanauke=Quioucohanoc. Coiaheguxes=Coyabegux. Coiatee=Coyatee. Coiegues=Cayuga. Coiencahes= Karankawa. Coiras=Koroa. Coitch=Panamint. Cojages=Cayuga. Cojnino= Havasupai. Cojoges=Cayuga. Cojonina= Havasupai. Cojota—Cojate. Cojuenchis=Cajuenche. Cojuklesatuch = Uchucklesit. Coka-towela=Chokatowela. Co’-ke=Shoke. Cokes =Coaques. Cokesit=Coaxet. Cok-ka-mans=Kokaman. Cokomaricopas= Maricopa. Colabazas =Calabazas. Colapessas, Colapissas=Acolapissa. Colcharney=Kulchana. Colchattas=Koasati. Colching=Kulchana. Colecins=Colcene. Cold Spring Village=Deyohnegano. Coldwater=Ntstlatko. Colela=Shipapulima. Colemmys=Kulumi. Colespelin, Colespells=Kalispel. Coligua, Colima =Coligoa. Colimies =Cochimi. Colipasa=Acolapissa. Collamee=Kulumi. Colla-pissas = Acolapissa. Coco- Cohnawahgans, Cohne- COCKNAW AGAS—CONEJAGHERA [B. A. BE. Col-lap-poh-yea-ass=Calapooya. Colloteros=Coyoteros. Collville=Colville. Coloa=Koroa. Coloclan=Colotlan. Coloco=Estocoloco. Colomas= Koloma. Colomga, Colomiesk=Kulumi. Coloosas=Calusa. Colooshatchie=Calusahatchi. Coloradeo= Pueblo Colorado, Pueblo Pintado. Colouse=Korusi. Colseed=Colcene. Coltog=Kaltag. Coltshanie=Kulchana. Columbia Lakes=Akiskenukinik. Columbias=Sinkiuse. Colusa, Colusi Indians=Korusi. Co-madi-yah=Comeya. Comances, Comancha, Comanchees, Comanchero, Comanchos, Comandes, Comandus=Comanche. Comaniopa= Maricopa. Comanshima, Comantz=Comanche. Comaricopas= Maricopa. Comassakumkanit= Herring Pond. Comauch= Comanche. Comea-kin=Comiakin. Comecrudos=Carrizos. Comedas=Comeya. Come Pescado=Timpaiavats. Cometrudos, Cometudos=Comecrudo. Comiaken =Comiakin. Cominas, Cominos= Havasupai. Comitria=Camitria. Commagsheak =Comox. Communipau=Communipaw. Comondi=San José de Comondu. Comoripa=Cumuripa. Co-moux =Comox. Co-mo-yah, Comoyatz, Comoyeé, Co-mo-yei=Comeya. Comshewars=Cumshewa. Comupas=Cumpus. Comupavi=Shongopovi. Comuripa=Cumuripa. Comuxes=Comox. Conachitow=Couechitou. ; Conadasaga, Conadasego=Canadasaga. Conaghsadagas=Oka. Conagohary, Conajoharees, Conajohary, Conajorha= Canajoharie. Conarie See, Conarise, Conarsie =Canarsee. Conasadagah, Conasadago, Conasadauga=Oka. Conastagoe=Conestoga. Conastee= Kanastuni. Conastoga, Conastoge, Conastogy =Conestoga. Conawaghrunas= Caughnawaga. Conawago = Connewango. Conaway Crunas=Caughnawaga. Concabe= Moenkapi. Concee=Lipan. Concepcion=Tomeé. Concepcion Babiacora, Concepcion Babicora=Babia- cora. Concepcion Caborca =Caborca, Concepcion Cuirimpo=Cuirimpo. Concepcion de Aguico=Hawikuh. Concepcion de Alona=Halona. — Concepcion de Caborca, Concepcion del Cabetea, Con- cepcion del Caborca, Concepcion del Cabotea=Ca- borea. Concepcion de Quarac=Quarra. Concepcion Mobas= Movyas. Conception=Ossossane. : Conception del Ukitoa=Oquitoa. Conchacs, Conchaes, Conchakus =Conshac. Conchanteti, Conchanti=Kanchati. | Conchaptimicco’s town =Conchartimicco’s town Conchaques=Conshac, Koasati. Conchartree=Kanchati. Conchas=Conshac. Conchatas = Koasati. Conchatez=Conshaec, Koasati. Conchattas = Koasati. Conches=Conshac. Conchttas—K oasati. Con-Con’s, Con-Cous, Con-Cow= Konkan, Conday= Kendaia. Conecare=Conicari. | Conejaghera =Conejoholo. BULL. 30] Coneliskes=Cowlitz. Conerd Helene=Skitswish. Conessetagoes, Conestauga=Oka. Conestego, Conestogo, Conestogue=Conestoga. Coneta, Conetta, Conetuhs = Kawita. Conewango=Connewango. Conewaugus=Ganawagus. Coneyat=Conneaut. Confederate Indians, Confederate Nations, Confed- erates= Iroquois. Congares, Congerees, Congeres=Congaree. Conge-wee-cha-cha=Congewichacha. Congree=Congaree. Conguses= Cayuse. Conicare=Conicari. Conijoharre=Canajoharie. Coninas—Havasupai. Conissadawga=Oka. Conistogas—Conestoga. Conittekooks=Connecticut. Conkaske-tonwan=Chongasketon. Connadasaga, Connadasego, Connadesago, Connaga- sago=Canadasaga. Connajohary=Canajoharie. Connamox=Coree. Connasedagoes=Oka. Connastago —Conestoga. Connays=Conoy. Connecedaga, Connecedegas=OKa. Connectacuts=Connecticut. Connefedagoes=Oka. Connegticuts=Connecticut. Connejories=Canajoharie. Conneogie=Connewango. Conneross=Conoross. Connesedagoes=Oka. Connestigunes= Canastigaone. Connevaghs=Tabltan. Connewangoes=Connewango. Conninggahaughgaugh= Mohawk. Conninos= Havasupai. Con-no-harrie-go-harrie=Onoalagona. Connojohary=Canajohurie. Connondaguah= Canandaigua. Connosedagoes, Connosidagoes, Connossedage=Oka. Connoye, Connoys=Conoy. Connugbhariegughharie=Onoalagona. Conoatinos= Kanohatino. Conodosago=Canadasaga. Conoies, Conois=Conoy. Conojahary, Conojoharie=Canajoharie. Conostogas = Conestoga. Conowaroghere=Ganowarohare. Conoy-uch-such, Conoyucksuchroona=Conoy. Conqerees=Congaree. Conshachs=Conshac. Conshacs, Conshaes= Koasati. Conshakis=Conshac. Conshaques=Concha. Conshattas= K oasati. Contah-nah=Cotechney. Contamis = Kutenai. Contareia, Contarrea=Contarea. Contaubas=Catawhba. Contenay =F utenai. Contla=Santa Cruz. Contonnés= Kutenai. Contznoos= Hutsnuwu. Conwahago=Caughnawaga. Conyat=Conneaut. Cooca=Kusa. Coochchotellica, Cooch-cho-teth-ca, Coocheetakas= Kotsoteka. Coochocking—Coshocton. Coo-er-ee=Kuyuidika. Coofer, Coofert=Puaray. Cookchaneys=Chuchansi. Cookkoooose, Cookkoo-oosee, Cookoose=Coos. Coolamies= Kulumi. Coolmehs=Yiikulme. Coolome, Coolooma, Coo-loo-me, Cooloomee = Kulumi. Cools-on-tick-ara = Kotsoteka. Coomine= Kumaini. Coon= Mikaunikashinga. Coopanes= Kopano. Coopspellar= Kalispel. Coos=Coosuc. Coosa=Coosha, Kusa. Coosadas= Koasati. CONELISKES—-COSCHOTGHTA 1047 | Coosada Sackla Loosa=Suktaloosa. Coosada Village =Coosada. Coosades, Coosadis= Koasati. Coosah= Coosa. Coosahatches=Coosahatchi. Coosahs=Coosha. Coosak Baloagtaw=Concha. Coosak hattak=Coosakhattakfalaya. Coosas=Coos. Coosatis= Koasati. Coo-sau= Kusa. Coosauda, Coo-sau-dee= Koasati. Coosaw=Coosa, Kusa. Coosawatee, Coosawaytee=Cusawatee. Coosawda, Coosawda's, Coosawder=Koasati. Coos Bay, Co-ose, Coose Bay=Coos. Coosee= Kusa. Cooses, Coose Taylors=Coos. Cooshacking=Coshocton. Chooshates, Cooshatties, Coosidas=Koasati. Coosis= Kusa. Coospellar=Kalispel. Coosucks=Coosuc. Coos Village=Melukitz. | Cootanais=Kutenai. Cootanie=Kitunahan Family. Cootanies, Cootneys, Cootomies, Cootonaikoon, Coo- tonais, Cootonay, Cootounies=Kutenai. Cootstooks pai tah pee=Salish. Coowarsartdas, Coowertsortda=Koasati. Cooxet, Cooxitt =Coaxet. Cooyoko=Shooyoko. Cooyuweeweit=Kuyuidika. Copanes = Kopano, Kohani. Copas=Creeks. Copatta=Quapaw. Copiala=Shipapulima. Copper=Tatsanottine, Tsattine. Copper Eskimo=Kidnelik. Copper Indians= Ahtena, Tatsanottine. Copper-Mine=Tatsanottine. Coppermine Apaches= Mimbrefios. Coppermine Indians=Gilenios. Copper River Indians= Ahtena. Cops=Tupo. Go‘qani=Thokhani. Co-qua-piet = Koquapilt. Coquell= Mishikhwutmetunne. Coquet-lane, Coquetlum, Coquilain=Coquitlam. Coquill, Coquilla= Mishikhwutmetunne. Coquille= Mishikhwutmetunne, Mulluk, Nasumi Coquilths=K wakiutl. Coquimas, Coquimo=Kiakima. Coquins=Tututni. Coquitlan, Coquit-lane, Coquitlum=Coquitlam, Coquitt=Coaxet. Coquopiet, Coquopilt= Koquapilt. Coracones=Corazones. Coramine=Coree. Coran-canas=Karankawa. Coranine=Coree. Corankoua=Karankawa. Coras= Nevome. Cor-a-tem=K woratem. Corbeaus, Corbeaux—Crows. Corcargonell=Coreorgonel. Corchongs, Corchougs=Corchaug. Cores=Coree. Corimpo=Cuirimpo. Corn Eaters=Arikara. Corneille= Amahami. | Corn House=Tukhtukagi. Corn Peoples=Zuni. Cornplanter’s Town =Connewango. Cornwalls=Stlaz. Coroa, Coroha, Corois=Koroa. Coro Marikopa= Maricopa. | Coronkawa, Coronks=Karankawa. Corpus Christi de Isleta=Isleta del Sur. Corroas, Corrois, Corroys=Koroa. Corsaboys=Cusabo. Corsas=Kusa. Corusies= Korusi. Corvesets—Coweset. Cor-village—Core. Cosa=Kusa. Cosah tribe =Coosa. Cosatomy = Kushetunne. Coschotghta= Kotsoteka. 1048 Coscosky= Kuskuski. Coscospera=Cocospera. - Cosemenes=Cosumni. Coshattas=Koasati, Muskhogean Family. Coshattees, Coshatties=Koasati. - Coshockton=Coshocton. Cosispa=Kasispa. Cosnina, Cosninos= Havasupai. Co-soott-hen-ten= K wusathlkhuntunne. Cosos=Kassovo. Cosotoul=K wusathlkhuntunne. Cossa=Kusa, Costa=Coste. Costanoes=Costanos. Cos-tche-tegh-kas, Costcheteghta Comanches—Kot- soteka. Costehe=Coste. Costeloga=Custaloga’s Town. Costeno=Costanos. Costrowers=Kassovo. Cosulhentan, Cosulhenten=K wusathlkhuntunne. Cosumnes, Cosumnies=Cosumni. Cosutheuten, Co-sutt-heu-tun = Kwusathlkhun- tunne. Coswas=Kassovo. Go’tais=Thotais. Cotam=Cotan. Co-ta-plane-mis=Cotoplanemis. Cotappos, Cotawpees=Catawba. Co‘tealsicaya=Thochalsithaya. Cotchita, Cotchiti=Cochiti. Coteching, Cotechnees=Cotechney. Cétes-de Chien=Thlingchadinne. Cotobers=Catawba. Cotones=Kutenai. Cotshimi=Cochimi. Go‘tsoni=Thotsoni. Cottonois=Kutenai. Cottonwood Banaks=Shohopanaiti. Cottonwood ruin=Kokopki. Cottonwoods=Daupom Wintun. Cottonwood-Salmon-Eaters=Shohoaigakika. Cotuhticut, Cotuhtikut=Titicut. Coucha=Concha. Cou-chan= Yuma. Couchas=Concha. Couchates=K oasati. Cou-cows=Konkau. Couer d’Alienes=Skitswish. Couetchiou, Coue-tchitou=Couechitou. Couetta=Kawita. Couexi=Coosa. Coughnawagas=Caughnawaga. Couirimpo=Cuirimpo. Gouis=Caddo. Couitias=Kawita. Coujougas= Cayuga. Coulapissas= Acolapissa, Counarrha=Kutenai. Counica=Tunica. Coupe=Tsankupi. Coupe-gorge= Dakota. Coups de Fleches=Cheyenne. Cour d’Aleine, Cour d’Alenes, Cour D’Aline, Cour De Lion=Skitswish. Couroas, Courois=Koroa. Courterrielles, Courtes Oreilles=Ottawa. Cousas=Kusa. Cousatee, Cousoudee= Koasati. Coussa= Kusa. Coussae, Coussati, Coussehaté=K oasati. Coutah-wee-cha-cha= Kutawichasha., Coutanies=Kitunahan Family, Kutenai. Coutaria=Kutenai. Couteaux=Ntlakyapamuk. Couteaux-Jaunes=Tatsanottine. Coutenay, Coutnees, Coutonais, touns= Kutenai. Couuachit6uu=Conchachitou. Couueta= Kawita. Covaji=Kawaiisu. Cove-chances=Chukchansi. Covera, Covero=Cubero. Covilles=Colville. Cowachitow=Couechitou. Cow-ang-a-chem=Serranos. Cowanneh=Kawanuyi. Cowasacks, Cowassuck=Coosuc. Cow Buffalo=Arukhwa. Coutonois, Cou- COSCOSKY—CUAMES [B. A. H. Cowchillas=Chowchilla. Cow-Cow=Konkau. Cow Creek Indians, Cow Creeks, Cow Creek Ump- quas= Nahankhuotane. : Cowe=Cowee. Coweeta= Kawita. Cowegans=Cowichan. Coweitas=Kawita. Cowela=Kawia. Cowelits, Cowelitz, Cow-e-na-chino—Cowlitz. Cowes=Coos. Coweta, Cowetah, Cowetah Tallahassee, Cowetas, Cowetau, Cowetaw, Cowettas, Cow-e-tugh, Cow- e-tuh, Cow-e-tuh Tal-lau-has-see=Kawita. Cowe-wa-chin=Cowichan. ; Cowhuillas, Cowiahs= Kawia. Cowichin=Cowichan. Cowillas, Cow-illers=Kawia. Cowitchens, Cowitchins=Cowichan. Cowlitch, Cowlits, Cowlitsick, Cowlitsk=Cowlitz. Cow Nation= Pueblos. Cowwesets, Cowweseuck, Cowwesit=Coweset. Cowwillas=Kawia. Cow-ye-ka=Kawaiki. Coxanes=Kohani. Coxit=Coaxet. Coyakeros=Coyoteros. Coyamanque=Cuyamunque. Coyatero=Coyoteros. Co-ye-te= Koyeti. Coyetero=Coyoteros. Co-ye-tie= Koyeti. Go‘yetlini=Thoyetlini. Coyoleno, Coyotaro, Coyote, Coyotens—Coyoteros, Coyote people=Stoam Ohimal. Coyotero Apaches=Coyoteros. Coyoteros= Pinal Coyotero. Coyotes=Pachawal. Coyougers, Coyouges=Cayuga. . Coyoukons=Koyukukhotana, Coyovea=Cayovea. Coystero=Coyoteros. Coytee, Coytoy=Coyatee. Co-Yukon= Koyukukhotana. Cozao=Coosa. Cozas=Kusa. Cpa’ptsEn=Spatsum. Cpu’zum=Spuzzum. Cqague’=Skagway. Qqa‘neza‘, ,Cqa‘neza'ni=Thkhaneza. Qqa'paha, Gqa' pahagine=Thkhapaha. Cqa‘teini=Thk hatshini. Cgokung=Shahanik. Cq!6’nana=Shkonana. Crane gens= Petanenikashika. Craw-fish band=Chakchiuma. Craybe=Oraibi. Cray Fish=Shakchukla. Cree of the Lowland= Maskegon. Cree of the Prairie=Paskwawininiwug. Cree of the Woods=Sakawithiniwuk. Crees of Moose Factory =Monsoni. Crevas=Osage. Cries, Criqs, Criques, Cris, Cristeneaux, Cristinaux, Cristineaux, Cristinos=Cree. Cristobel=San Crist6bal. Crists=Cree. Croatoan=—Croatan, Pamlico. Crooton=Croatan. Cross Point=Restigouche. Cross Sound Indians= Huna. Cross Village=Anamiewatigong. Crossweeckes=Crossweeksung. Crosswer=Cumshewa. Crosweek=Crossweeksung. Crow Feather, Crow feather band=Tashunkeota, Crow Mockers Old Place=Crowmocker. Crow People=Tutchonekutchin. Crows= Kaka. Cruel= Dakota. Crus=Cree. Cruzados= Yavapai. Gtle’a-rxi/-li-i’-tin=Thlcharghiliitun. Cu=Shu. Cuabajai, Cuabajay—Serranos. Cua-ca= Kua-kaa. Cua-ka=San Marcos. Cuakyina=Kwakina. Cuames=Punames. i> BULL. 30] Cuampes=Cuampis. Ciia-pa= Kuapa. Cuapas=Quapaw. Cua P’Hoge, Cua-P’ho-o-ge, Cua-po-oge, Cua-Po-o- qué=Kuapooge. Cuaque=Zuaque. Cuarac, Cuarai, Cuaray, Cuarra, Cuarry=Quarai. Cuartelejo—Quartelejo. Cuatganes= Yuma. : Subahatchee, Cube hatcha=Coosahatchi. Cubic=Cubac. Cucamungabit=Cucomogna. Cucapa, Cucapachas, Cucassus=Cocopa. Cuchan, Cuchana, Cu-cha-no= Yuma. Cuchanticas= Kotsoteka. Cuchaus= Yuma. Cuchiaga=Cuchiyaga. Cuchian=Cuchillones, Yuma. Cuchili=Cochiti. Cuchillo=Paako. Cuchimies=Cochimi. Cuchin=Cochiti. Cuchinu=Cochimi. Cuchiyaga—Cuchiaga. Cucompners=Cucoomphers. Cucopa=Cocopa. Cuctachas=Cushtusha. Cuculutes=Cuculato. Cu-cu-pahs=Cocopa. Cucurpo=Cucurpe. Cu-cu-tci=Shushuchi. Cucuye= Pecos. Cudeves=Eudeve. Cuechunticas=K otsoteka. Cueganas= Yuma. Cuelcajen-né=Guhlkainde. Cueloce, Cuelotetrey—Quelotetrey Cuelpe=Walpi. Cueres, Cuerez—Keresan Family, San Felipe de Cuerez. Cuerro=Quarai. Cuesninas=Havasupai. Cuhanas=Cajuenche, Cocopa. Cuhtzuteca=Kotsoteka. Cuichan= Yuma. Cuimnapum=Chimnapum. Cuimp=Shuimp. Cuismer, Cuisnurs=Havasupai. Cuitoa=Cuitoat. Cuiukguos=Cayuga. Cuivira=Quivira. Cuivres=Tatsanottine. Cujanes, Cujanos=Kohani. Cuk’=Suk. Cutané—Shuhlanan. Culdoah=Kauldaw. Culisnisna, Culisnurs=Havasupai. Cull-oo-sau hat-che=Calusahatchi. Culloumas, Cullowes=Kulumi. Culsagee = Kulsetsiyi. Culs-coupés=Kishkakon. Cultalchulches=Cutalchiches. Culu’c=Tsulus. Culul=Kulul. Cumana=Cajuenche. Cumanche, Cumancias=Comanche. Cumanes=Punames. Cum-ba-twas=Kumbatuash. Cumeehes=Comanche. Cumera, Cumero—Cumaro. Cum-i-um-has, Cum-min-tahs=Cumumbah. Cummoaqui, Cummooqui=Hopi. Cumpas=Cumpus. Cumpes=Cumumbah. Cum-que-kis=Komkyutis. Cumshawas, Cumshewes, Cumshuwaw—Cumshewa. Cum-um-pahs=Cumumbah. Cumupas=Cumpus. Cunai=Cufeil. Cunames, Cunanes=Punames. Cuncaae=Caacat. Cuneskapi= Nascapee. Cunhates=K oasati. Cunhutke=Ikanhatki. Cuni=Zuii. Ci-iktceka—Shungikcheka. Cun-i-um-hahs=Cumumbah. Cinkaha-nap’is—Shungkahanapin. Cunka-yute-cni=Shungkayuteshni. CUAMPES—CUYA MANGUE | Cuquiaratzi, 1049 Cunye inigk‘aciné—Shunkeinikashina. Cink i-ki’-ka-ra/-tea-da, Cink-tceank’ i-ki’-ka-ra/-tca- da=Shungikikarachada. Ci mikase=Shomakoosa. Cunnesedago—Canadasaga. Cunniwagoes—Caughnawaga. Cunopavi=Shongopoyvi. Ciin’-ta"ce-we—Shuntanthewe. Cun’-tan-eka—Shuntanthka. Cu»’-tanquo-3ce=Shuntankhoche. Cunyeel=Cufieil. Cuoerchitou=Couechitou. Cuouex=Dakota. Ciip=Shup. Cupachas=Cocopa. Cu-dauk—Shupauk. Cuppunnaugunnit=Cuppunaugunnit. Guge=Dhukhe. Cuquiarichi, Cuquiurachi— Cuquia- rachi. Curancahuases=Karankawa. | Curas=Kusa. Curinghoa=Cuirimpo. | Curois=Koroa. Curtaka=Castake. Curtoze-to-gah, Curtz-e-Ticker—Kotsoteka. Cusabees—Cusabo. Cusates—Kasihta. Cusbabi=Cahuabi. Cuscarawaoke—Cuscarawaoc. Cuschcushke, Cuscuskie=K uskuski. Cuseta, Cusetahs, Cusetas=Kasihta. Cusha=Coosha. Cushans= Yuma. Cushatees, Cushehtah=Koasati. Cushetaes=Kasihta. Cushhooks, Cushhouks—Cushook. Cusihuirachic—Cusihuiriachic, Cusitas, Cusitash=Kasihta. Cuskarawaocks—Cuscarawaoc, Cuskcaskking=Kuskuski. Cuskoeteh-waw-thesseetuck—Siksika. Cuskuskus=Kuskuski. Cussabos=Cusabo. Cussadies— Koasati. Cusseta, Cussetahs, Cussetas, Cussetau, Cussetaw Cus-se-tuh—Kasihta. | Cusshetaes—K oasati. Cussitahs, Cussitos, Cussutas—Kasihta. Custachas=Cushtusha. Custalaga—Custaloga’s Town. Custasha=Custachas. Custologa, Custologo—Custaloga’s Town. Custusha=Cushtusha. Cususkey = K uskuski. Cutagamies— Foxes. Cutahaco—Tutahaco. Cutalches=Cutalchiches. Cut Bank= Micacuopsiba. Cut Beards=Pabaksa. Cutcanas, Cutchanas= Yuma. Cutchates=K oasati. Cuteanas, Cutganas, Cutganes, Cutguanes= Yuma. Cuthalchuches—Cutalchiches, Cut heads=Pabaksa. Cuthi Uskehaca—Cuthi Uckehaca. Cuthlamuhs, Cuthlamuks—Cathlamet. Cutifachiqui, Cuti’fiachiqua=Cofitachiqui. Cutlashoots—Ootlashoot. Cut Offs=Kiyuksa. Cutsahnim, Cut-sa-nim, _Cuts-saih-nem, nim= Yakima. Cuttako—Kiowa Apache. Cuttambas, Cuttawa—Catawhba. Cuttawomans—Cuttatawomen. Cut-throats=Dakota. Cuts-sah | Cut Wrists=Cheyenne. Cuuames=Punames, Cuunsiora=Gyusiwa. Cuvarro—Cubero. Cu-wa-la-cu=Shuwalacu. Cuwa/lecEt=Shuwalethet. Cuwally=Huhliwahli. Cuyahuga=Cayuga. Cuyama=Kuyam. Cuya Mangue, Cuyamanque, Cuyamenque, Cuyam- mique, Cuyamonge, Cuya-mun-ge. Cuyamungue— Cuyamunque. 1050 Cuyanes= Kohani. Cuyapipa, Cuyapipe—Cuiapaipa. Cuybira=Quivira. Cuyo, Monque=Cuyamunque. Cuytoa=Cuitoat. Cuyuse=Cayuse. Cuza=Quarai. Cuzadans=K oasati. Cuzans=Kusa. Cuzaya=Quarai. Cvni=Zuni. Cwahago—Cayahoga. Cwarenuock=Cawruuoc. Cycuyo=Pecos. Cyininook—Cree. Cynagos=Sinago. Cyneper, Cynikers—Seneca, Cyotlero—Coyoteros. Cypowais plunderers=Pillagers. Cypoways=Chippewa. Cyuse=Cayuse. Da*gelma'n=—Takelma. Dabs’-tena/=Etagottine. Dacabimo= Navaho. Dachi=Tachi. D’Achiliny=Pawating. Dacorta, Dacota=Dakota. Dacota errans=Gens du Large. Dacotah= Dakota. Dacotan=Siouan Family. Dacotas of the St Peter’s=Santee. Da-da/-ze ni/-ka-ci"/-ga= Paiute. Da-ga-e-6-g4— Mohawk. Daha-dinneh, Daha-dinnis, Daha-dtinné— Etagottine. Da-ha-dumies= Etagottine. Dahcotah, Dahcotas, Dahkota, kota. Dahodinni, Daho-tena=Etagottine. Daigano=Diegueno. Daiyé’/=Dyea. Dakaz, Dakkadhe, Dakkadhe=Tukkuthkutchin. Dakla-wéeti=Daktlawedi. Dakoias, Dakotah= Dakota. Dakotan=Siouan Family. Dakotha=Dakota. Dak‘ts!a*mala?, Dak‘ts!a*wana*= Klamath. Dakwa/i=Toquo. Data=Tala. Dalinchi—Talinchi. Dalles, Dalls Indians=Dalles Indians. Dalsalsan=Tulsulsun. Daminoia= Aminoya. Dancer band=Genega’s Band. Dancers=Kawia. Danda/gani=Lookout Mountain Town. Dané=Athapascan Family, Kaiyuhkhotana, Tsat- tine. Dané Esclaves=Etchareottine. Da-ném-mé=Tanima. Danites=Athapascan Family. Danites Esclaves=Etchareottine. Danoncaritaoui=Totiakton. Danoska=Ohanhanska. Danoxa=Danokha. Danzarines=Kawia. Daq! awe/di=Daktlawedi. Darazhazh= Pawnee. Darcota, Darcotar, Dareotas=Dakota. Dark Buffalo=Washabe. Dasamanquepeio, Dasamanquepeuk, Dasamonpeack, Dasamonquepeio, Dasamoquepeuk, Dasamotique- perc=Dasamonquepeuc. Da’/sha-i=Kadohadacho. Dashiton=Deshuhittan. Dashu=Deshu. Da-sin/-ja-ha-ga— Hangatanga. Da‘skigi’/yi=Taskigi. Da/skwitunyi=Tusquittah. Dassamonpeack, Dassamopoque= Dasamonquepeuc, Datcho=Kadohadacho. Da-thun/da=Tesinde. Datse-a2 Comanche Datimpa’ta= Kiowa. Daudehokto—Totiakton. Dau-pum Wintun=Daupom Wintun. Davayo=Navaho. David’s People=Fetutlin. Dawamish=Dwamish. Dah-ko-tah=Da- CUYANES—DESSAMONPEAKE | Delawar, [B. A. B. Dawaganhaes, Dawaganhas—Ontwaganha. Dawhoot-dinneh—= Etagottine. Dawta=Dakota. Daxe’t=Dahet. Da-y6-de-hok’-to=Totiakton. Dége-ta=Dhegiha. Dead Man’s Creek=Skichistan. De-a-ghe’-ta=Dhighida. Deagothee Loochoo= Tukkuthkutchin. Deaguanes= Doguenes. Decanohoge=Canienga. DeChentes, De Chute river, De Chutes= Des Chutes. De Corbeau=Crows. Decu’=Deshu. Decw’hit tan=Deshuhittan. de Curbo=Crows. De-d’4 téené= Mishikhwutmetunne. Deegothee=Tukkuthkutchin. Deer=Itchualgi. Deerfield Indians=Pocomtuck. Deer (gens) =Chaikikarachada. Deer Head=Tapa. Deer Horn=Nageuktormiut. Deerhorn mountaineers=Etechesottine. Deewano=Twana. | Degathee Dinee, Degothees, Degothi-Kutchin=Tuk- kuthkutehin. | Deguenes=Doguenes. | Degutbee Dinees, Deguthee Dennee, Deguthee Dine, Deguthee Dinees=Tukkuthkutchin. Déhkewi=Kutchin. De Ho Riss Kanadia=Coreorgonel. Deis—Sandia. DeKalb=Olitassa. Dekanoagah=Conejoholo. Dekanoge=Canienga. Delamattanos, Delamattenoos= Huron. Delarof, Delarov=Unga. Delawaras, De Lawarrs, Delaware. Del Bajio=Bajio. Del Caca—Caca Chimir. Delcalsacat=Kokopki. Del Charco=Charco. Del Cojate=Cojate. Del Cumero=Cumaro. Deldjé, Deldzjé=Tontos. Delemattanoes= Huron. Delewares, Delewars, Deleways=Delaware. Dellamattanoes=Huron. Dél Llano—Llano. Delmash=Mulluk. Del Orroyo= Pueblo del Arroyo. Del Pirique=Perigua. Del Raton= Raton. Del Teculote=Tecolote. Deluas= Delaware. Delwashes=Mulluk. De-na-vi, De-na-ways=Tanima. DEna’x‘datx"=Tenaktak. Dendjyé= Athapascan Family, Kutchin. Déne=Athapascan Family, Kawchodinne. Déné Couteaux-Jaunes=—Tatsanottine. Déné des Montagnes-Rocheuses= Nahane. Déné-Dindjié=Athapascan Family. Dene Etcha-Ottine= Etchaottine. Deneh-Dindschieh=Athapascan Family. Déné of the Rocky Mountains= Montagnard. Dené Peaux-de-Liévre= Kawchodinne. Déné Tchippewayans=Chipewyan. Delaways= | Denighcariages=Amikwa. Denondadies=Tionontati. | Denver Ute=Grand River Ute. | De-o/-de-sote=Deyodeshot. Dednagano= Deyohnegano. | Deonondade, Deonondadies=Tionontati. Deononsadaga=Connewango. De-o-nun/-da-ga-a— Deyonongdadagana. Dé’sa—=Kadohadacho. Déschitan=Deshuhittan. Des Chute’s River=Des Chutes. Des Coupes=Cuts. Deshoot= Des Chutes. Deshtchin=Destechin. Des-nédhé-kké-nadé= Desnedekenade. Des-nédhé-yape-! Ottiné = Desnedeyarelottine. Desonontage= Onondaga. Des Puans= Winnebago. Dessamonpeake, Dessamopeak—Dasamonquepeue BULL. 30] Destsini=Theshtshini. Desumanas=Tawehash. Detame=Dotame. Dé-tdoa=De. Détlk0e’/dé=Tahlkoedi. Detseka/yaa— Arapaho. Devil’s medicine man band=Wakan. Devil Town=Skeinah. Dewagamas, Dewaganas=Ottawa. Dewaganas=Ontwaganha, Ottawa. De-wa-ka-nha/=Chippewa. Dewamish=Dwamish. Dewoganna’s=Chippewa, Ontwaganha Dexter=Chinik. De-yo-non-da-da-gan’-a= Deyonongdadagana. Déys-hne-ga’-no=Deyohnegano. Deyudehaakdoh=Totiakton. Diabago=Tioga. Diagano—Dieguefno. Diahago, Diahoga, Diahogo=Tioga. Diegana, Diegeenos, Diegenes, Diegino, Diegmons, Dieguenos, Dieguinos, Dieguno=Dieguefio. Dienondades=Tionontati. Digenes= Diegueno. Diggers=Bannock, Hohandika, Paiute, Shoshoko, Uainuints. Digger Ute=Ute. Digothi, Digothi-kutchin=Tukkuthkutchin. Di-go-thi-tdinné= Kutchin. Dihit= Ponca. Dildzéhi=Thilzhehi. Dillewars= Delaware. Dilwishne=Wishosk. Dil-zha= Yavapai. Dilzhan=Tontos. Dil-zhay= Mohave. Tontos, Tulkepaia, Yuma. Dinais=Athapascan Family Dindjié=Athapascan Family, Kutchin. Dindjie Loucbeux=Kutchin. Dindjitch, Dine=Athapascan Family. Diné‘= Navaho. Dinnee, Dinneh, Dinni=Athapascan Family. Dinondadies, Dinondodies=Tionontati. Diogenes=Dieguefio. Dionnondadees, Dionondade, Dionondadies, Dionon- dadoes, Dionondages, Dionondes, Dionoudadie= Tionontati. Dis-cheine’=Destchin. Discovery Island (Indians) =Skingenes. Disguino=Diegueno. Diskadén=Tseskadin. Diskatan=Ixcatan. Ditt-pax=Oapars. Diujuan=Yojuane. Divided People=Kushapokla. Dj/aaquig’it’ena/i=Djahui-gitinai. Djaaqui’sk-uatl’adagai= Djahui-skwahladagai. Djalitason=New River Indians. Dja’ties=Tchatchiun. Djémez—Jemez. Djéné=Navaho. Djictanadin—Djishtangading. Djimaliko—Chimariko. Djonontewaka=Seneca. Djilalgi=Tsulalgi. DV'ia' len k-éowai’= Hlielung-keawai. DV ia/len kunilnagai’= Hlielungkun-lnagai. Dnainé=Athapascan Family. Doages= Nanticoke. Dobimuss=Sannah. Dock-spus=John Day. Docota= Dakota. Do-dan-ho=Dakuhbetede. f Doegs= Nanticoke. Dog-drivers=Aglemiut. Dog-eaters= Arapaho. Dogenga, Doginga=Tongigua. Dog Men’s=Hotamitanio. Dog Nation=Cheyenne. Do-goo-son’=Tegotsugn. Dog-rib, Dog-ribbed, Dog Ribs=Thlingchadinne. Dog River=Watlala. Dogs Naked=Emitahpahksaiyiks. Dog Soldier=Hotamitaniu. Dog tribe =Cherokee. Do‘gu’at= Wichita. Do’-fia-kel/-ya=Kekin Dohema=Eudeve. Dohe/nko=Carrizo. DESTSINI—EAST ABECKA 1051 Do’hleli‘p=Tulalip. Dohme=Eudeve. Do’kana= Wichita. Dolores—Nuestra Senora de los Dolores, Sandia, Santa Maria de los Dolores. Dolores de los Adaes=Nuestra Sefiora de los Do- lores. Domingo=Santo Domingo. Do-no-ha-be=Dahnohabe. Donondades=Tionontati. Dononiiote=Oneida (vil.). Don’t Laugh=K utaiimiks. Doo-goo-son’=Tegotsugn. Do-qua-chabsh= Nuk watsamish. Dosapon=Tisepan. Dos Pueblos=Miguihui. Dotlekakat=Dotle. Douaganhas=Chippewa, Ontwaganha. Douesdonqua=Doustioni. Douglas=Kaguyak. Douglas Lake=Spahamin. Douné Flanes-de-Chien=Thlingchadinne, Dounie’ Espa-tpa-Ottiné= Esbataottine. Doustiany=Doustioni. Douwaganahs, Dovaganhaes=Ontwaganha, pewa. Dowaganahs=Chippewa. Dowaganhaas, Dowaganhaes=Ontwaganha. Dowaganhas=Chippewa, Ontwaganha. Dowaganhoes=Ontwaganha. Dowanganhaes=Chippewa, Ontwaganha. Draguanes=Doguenes. Drifting Goose band=Putetemini. Drinkers of the Dew=Keresan Family. Drynoch=Nokem. Dshipowé-ha/ga—Chippewa. Dsilanocilni=Dsihlnaothihlni. Dsilgani=Dsihlthani. Dsilnaog/ilgine, Dsilnaogi/lni, Dsi//naofi//ni=Dsih- InaothihIni. Dsi/tla ‘ni=Dsihltlani. Dtcha-ta-uttine= Ettchaottine. Dtcheta-ta-ut-tunne=Tsetautkenne. *Dtinné= Athapascan Family. Du-a+be’=Dwamish. Duburcopota=Cubo Guasibayvia. Ducktown=Kawanuyi. Dugh-dwabsh=Dwamish. Dugilu’yi=Tugaloo. Du Haadé= Dostlaninagai. Du-hle-lips=Tulalip. Diksa/i, Dukw’sa/i=Toxaway. Dulchanois, Dulchinois=Dulchioni. Dul-dul’-ca-wai-4-mé= Duldulthawaiame. Dumna=Tumna. Dumplin Town=Atagi. Duné=Athapascan Family. Dunewangua= Deyohnegano. Dungeness—Yennis. Dununuk=Tanunak. Dus-ga-6-weh-o-no=Tuscarora. Dusty Nose=Iowa. Dutagamis= Foxes, Duwano=T wana. Dwahmish=Dwamish. Dwa-ka-né%, Dwa-ka-nha’=Chippewa. Dwi’-wa=Santo Domingo. Dyudoosot=Deyodeshot. Dza’/wadEénox"=Tsawatenok. Dzitsi/stas=Cheyenne. Chip- | Dzos haedrai’=Djus-hade. Eagle=Khuya. Eagle-ey’d Indians= Migichihiliniou. Eagle Harbor=Orlova. Eagle head (band) =Tintaotonwe. Eagle people=Hangkaahutun, Cheghita. Eambosandata=K hemnichan. Eamuses= Yamasee. Eanbosandata= K hemnichan. Eano= Eno. E-an-to-ah=Jatonabine. E-ar’-ke= Hopi. Ear Rings=Kalispel. Earth= Manyinka. Earth Eaters= Hohandika. Earth-lodge= Mandhinkagaghe. Eascab—Jatonabine. East Abecka= East Abeika. 1052 Eastanora=Ustanali. East Congeata, East Congeeto, East Coongeeto—Co- uechitou. Eastern Apache=Querechos. Eastern Folks=Etheneldeli. Eastern Sioux=Santee. Eastern Snakes=Washakie’s Band. Eastinaulee=Ustanali. Eastlanders= A bnaki. East Moka-Lassa=Imongalasha Skatane. Eastward Indians=Eastern Indians. East Yazoo, East Yazoo Skatane= Yazoo Skatane. Ea-tau-bau—Catawhba. Eaters=Omisis. Eat no dogs=Shungkayuteshni. Eat the ham= Wolutayuta. Ebahumo= Ebahamo. Ebeetap-Oocoola=Ebita Poocola Skatane. Ebicerinys= Nipissing. Ebikuita, Ebiquita=Mescalero. Ebitap-oocoolo-cho=Ebita Poocola Chitto. Ecanchatty=Kanchati. Ecclemachs= Esselen. Echay=Itseyi. Echebools, E-chee-lute=Tlakluit. Echeetees= Hitchiti. Echehoa= Echojoa. Echeles=Hitchiti. E-che-loot, E-che-lute=Tlakluit. Echemins= Malecite. Eche-mo-hua-vas=Chemehueyi. Echeta, Echetee, Echetes, Echeti, Echetii—Hitchiti. _ Echia=Itseyi. Echi-mo-hua-vas—Chemehuevi. E-chip-é-taA=Siksika. Echitis, Echitos=Hitchiti. E/-cho=Itchualgi. Echoe, Echoee=Itseyi. Echonova=Echojoa. Echunticas=K otsoteka. E-chuse-is-li-gau=Istudshilaika. Ecita=Ucita. Eckanachacu, Eckanakaka=Ikanachaka. Eclemaches= Esselen. Econachaca=I kanachaka. Econautckky, Econautske=Ikanhatki. Ecoree=Ecorce. Ecquamish=Hahuamis. Ecrevisses rouges=Chakchiuma. Ecselenas, Ecselenes= Esselen. Ecumchate, E-cun-cha-ta, E-cun-chate=Kanchati. E-cun-hut-ke, Ecunhutlee=Ikanhatki. dawika—Kadohadacho. Edchautawoot, Edchawtawhoot dinneh, Edchawta- whoot tinneh, Edchawtawoot=Etchareottine. Ede-but-say = Kainah. Edgpuluk=Edgpiiliik. Edistoes, Edistow= Edisto. Edjiére-tpou-kké-nade= Edjieretrukenade. Edohwe=Kikatsik. Edshaw-tawoot=Etchareottine. Eekuk=Ekuk. Eemitches=Imiche. Eeno=Eno. Eefnivwin=Erniywin. : Eert-kai-lee=Kutchakutchin. Ee-ta-sip-shov=Sans Arcs. Egeish=Eyeish. Egowik=Iguik. Egues= Eudeve. Egusanna cahel= Eguianna-cahel. Eh-aht-tis-aht=Ehatisaht. Ehanktonwanna, E-hank-to-wana= Yanktonai. Ehateset, E’hatisath, Ehatt-is-aht—Ehatisaht. Ehawhokales=sawokli. E-hawn-k’-t’-wawn-nah= Yanktonai. E-hawn-k’-t’-wawns= Yankton. Ehelutes=Tlakluit. Ehesepiooc=Chesapeake. Eh-grertsh=Miskut. £h-ha-tza—Ehartsar. Ehihalis=—Chehalis. Eh-nek= Amaikiara. Ehonkeronons=Kichesipirini. Eh8ae=Ehouae. Eh-qua-nek=Shanamkarak. Ehriehronnons= Erie. Ehta-Gottine=Etagottine. EASTANORA—E-NAT’-ZA [B. A. B. Ehta-tch6-Gottine— Etatchogottine. Ehwae=Ehouae. Ei-dan-noo= Eidenu. Eioestures=Eneeshur. Eiotaro=Coyoteros. Eirichtih= Arapaho. Eithinyook, Eithinyoowuc—Cree. Eityam=Lajas. Eivesteurs= Eneeshur. Eivillinmiut=Aivilirmiut. Eiwili=Aivilik. Eiwillik= Aivilirmiut. Ejujuajuin=Idjorituaktuin. Ekadlu’/hsuin=Imnongana. Ekaluktalugumiut= Ekaluktaluk. Ekeenteeronnon= Huron. Ekhiondaltsaan= Ekiondatsaan, Ekiligamut=Ekilik. Ekklemaches=Esselen. Ekogmuts=Ikogmiut. E-ko-to-pis-taxe=Ekatopistaks., Ekouk=Ekuk. Ekpimi=Shasta. Ekuiks=Ekuks. Ekw/lath— Ekoolthaht. E kun duts ke, Ekunhutke=Ikanhatki, E-ki-pa-be-ka=Ekupabeka. Ela-a-who=Etleuk. Elagibucto=Richibucto. Elah-Sa= Hidatsa. Elatse’yi= Ellijay. Elawa/diyi= Red Clay. Elaws=Catawba. El Cabezon=Cerro Cabezon. El Corral=Corral. Elder Brothers= Hathawekila. Elder Osages=Pahatsi. El’é-idlin-Gottine=Eleidlinottine. Elewalies=Huhliwahli. El Gusano=Seyupa. El/-hwa=Elwha. Elijoy= Ellijay. Eljiman=E]jman. El Juez Tarado=Hueso Parado. Elk=Hotachi, Huwanikikarachada, Khotachi. Elkatcha=Alkehatchee. ql’ katco=Ilkatsho. El-ke-ai/=Sia. Elk gens= Anpanenikashika, Wezhinshte. Elk‘la/sumH = Bellabella. Elk Mountain Utes, Elk Mountain Yutas—Senyarits. Elk river tribe=Eel River Indians. Elkwah=Elwha. Ellzu cathlans-coon-hidery = Naikun-kegawai. Elmian=Eljman. El Moro—El Morro. Eloot=Tlakluit. Elpawawe=Alpowna. El Pinal Apaches=Pinalefio. El Pueblo de los Siete Arroyos=Tenabo. El Pueblo Quemado=Tzenatay. Elqi/miH=Tsimshian. El Tunque=Tungge. E-lute=Tlakluit. Elwahs= Elwha. Em-aleom= Homalko. Emam8eta= Emamoueta. Emarhe= Ematlochee’s Town. Emat=Emet. Emeaes, Emeges, Emenes, Emes=Jemez. Emetgale axa cang= Paya. Emexes=Jemez. Emissourita= Missouri. Emlh-wilh-laht= Ucluelet. Emmes=Jemez. Emola= Homolua, Em-tim/-bitch=Intimbich. Emucfau, Emuckfau, Emuckfaw, Imukfa. Emusas= Emussa. Enacapen=Enecappe. E-nagh-magh=Tigua. E-nam=Inam. Enansa— Quapaw. Enanthayonni=Toryohne. Enarhonon= Arendahronons. E-nat/-za= Hidatsa. Emukfau= BULL. 30] Encantada Mesa=Katzimo. Encarnacion, Encarnacion Sutaquison=Sudacson. - Enchanted Mesa=Katzimo. Encierro= Pueblo del Encierro, Enclataws=Lekwiltok. Endastes=Conestoga. Enecaq=Enecappe. E-nee-sher=Eneeshur. Eneguape=Enecappe. Enek= Amaikiara. Enepiahe, Enepiahe, Enepiahoes=Ervipiames. Enequaque=Enecappe. E-ne-show, E-ne-shur, Eneshure, Enesteurs=Enee- shur. Enfula= Eufaula. English Bay= Alexandrovsk. English Indians= Apalachicola. English town=Inkillis Tamaha. English Towns=Oklahannali. Engna= Henaggi. Enitachopko= Anatichapko. En-ke-map-o-tricks= Nkamaplix. En-ke-mip= Nkamip. Enk-ka-sa-ba=Inkesabe. Enna-k’é, En-na-k’ie’= Eskimo. Ennas=Cree. Ennikaragi= Amikwa. Enneyuttehage=Oneida (vil.). Enoe= Eno. Enook-sha-lig=Inugsulik. Enotochopco, Enotochopko= Anatichapko. E-no-tucks=Inotuks. Enquisacoes= Arkokisa. Ensanich=Sanetch. Ensenes= Esselen. Enta-otin=Tautin. Entari ronnon=Cherokee. Entimbich=Intimbich. Entouhonorons, Entwohonoron= Seneca. E-nyaé-va Pai= Yavapai. E-oh=E-eh. Eokoros= Arikara. Eoote-lash-Schute=Ootlashoot. Eototo winwi, E-o’-to-to wun-wi=Eototo. E-ow-ick=Chamisso. E-pa=Walapai. E-pe-sau-gee=Ipisogi. Epesengles, Epicerinyens, Epicerinys, Epiciriniens, Episingles, Epissingue=Nipissing. Epithapa=Popotita. E-poh-si-miks=Ipoksimaiks. Equalett=Ekoolthaht. Equi=Eudeve. Equinipichas=Acolapissa. Equituni=Aquitun. Erabacha= Uzutiuhi. Erawika—Kadohadacho. Ercansaques=Kansa. Erchipeetay=Siksika. Erettchi-ottineé=Etcheridiegottine. Erians= Erie. Erie=Rique. Erieckronois, Erieehronons, Eriehronon, Erielho- nons, Erieronons, Eriez, Erigas—Erie. Erige=Rique. Erige Tejocharontiong=Tiosahrondion. Erike=Rique. Eriniouai, Eriniwek=Tllinois. E-ri-o=Erio. Eriwoneck=Eriwonec. Erkiléit=Kutchin. Ermomex=FEriwonec. Erocoise=Iroquois. Eromaha=Omaha. Ergigdlit=Adlet. Errieronons= Erie. Ersegontegog— Arosaguntacook, Erskins= Eskini. E-rus/-si=Erusi. Esanapes, Esanopes= Essanape. Esanties=Santee. Esau, Esaws==Catawba. Escabaca-Cascastes= Escaba. Escamacu=Uscamacu. Escanjaques, Escansaques, Escanxaques=Kansa Escelen, Escelenes, Escellens—Esselen. Escequatas=Mescaleros. Eschentown=Punxsutawny. ENCANTADA MESA—E’-TCU-LET LOUN-NE 1053 E. Scihous=Santee. Esclaves=Etchareottine, Thlingchadinne, Escoumin, Escoumins= Eskimo. Escurieux=Ecureuil. Eselenes= Esselen. Esewonecks=Eriwonec. Eshkibod= Eskimo. Esikwita=Mescaleros, Kiowa Apache, Eskeemoes= Eskimo. Eskelen= Esselen. E-skel-lute, Eskeloot=Tlakluit. Eskiaeronnon=Chippewa. Eskima, Eskimantsik, Eskimantzik, Eskimaux= Eskimo. Eskimaux=Eskimauan Family. Eskimeaux, Eskimesi= Eskimo. Eskimo=Eskinauan Family. Es-kin= Eskini. Es-kin-e-nar=Tzecheschinne. Es-kin’-ni-zin=Destchin. : Es-kin-os/-pus=Tzetses-adn. Es-ki/-u-do’-ra= Destchin. Es-kopiks=Nascapee. Eskoros=Arikara. _ Eslen, Eslenes=Esselen. Esopes, Esopuz= Esopus. Espatingh=Hespatingh. Es-pa-to-ti-na, Espa-tpa-Ottine= Esbataottine. Espeleta=Oraibi. Espicheates=Spichehats. Espiritu Santo de Cocorin=Cocori. Esquansaques= Kansa. Esquiates= Hesquiat. Esquimantsic, Esquimau, Esquimaux—= Eskimo, Esquimaux= Esquimauan Family. Esquimeaux, Esquimones= Eskimo. Es-ree-que-tees= Mescaleros. Es-sah’-ah-ter=Santee. Es-san-a-pis, Essannapes= Essanape. Essapookoon= Mountain Crows. Essa-queta= Kiowa Apache. Essekwitta, Es-se-kwit/-ta= Mescaleros. Esselenes= Esselen. Essenapes= Essanape. Esse-qua-ties= Mescaleros. Essequeta= Kiowa Apache. Essi-kuita= Mescaleros. Essinaboin= Assiniboin. Esson=Santee. Estaboga=Istapoga. Es-ta-ke-wach= Astakiwi. Estalaoe= Estatoee. Estanaula= Ustanali. Estanxaques= Kansa. E-sta-pa’= Histapenumanke. Estatoe, Estatoie= Estatoee. Estechemains, Estecheminés, cite. Estiaghes, Estiaghicks—Chippewa. Estilococo= Estocoloco. Estjage— Chippewa. Estok pakai peyap=Comecrudo. Estok pakawaila= Pakawa. Estolococo= Estocoloco. Estotowe, Estotowe great—Estatoee. Estward Indians= Eastern Indians. E-swhedip=Ishwidip. Eta=Cree. -ta-a-tea yuin’né, E-ta-a-t’ vit yunne= Etaattha- tunne. E-tach-e-cha=Iteshicha. Eta-gottiné=Dahotena. Etah=Ita. Etak buoh, Etakmurs=Etakmehu. E-ta-leh= Arapaho. E-tall-wau=Taluamikagi. E-ta-ni-o= Atsina. E-tans-ke-pa-se-ta-qua= Assiniboin. Eta-Ottine= Etagottine. Etchapé-ottiné = Etchareottine. Etchemons= Malecite. Etchian-Kpét=Chitsa. Etchimins, Etchimis— Malecite. Etchipoés= Chippewa. Etchitas— Hitchiti. Etch-kah-taw-wah=Dakubetede. Etchmins= Malecite. Etchoe, Etchowee=Itseyi. Eskimauk, Estechemins= Male- | E’-teu-lét yiin-né, E’-teu-lit/=Echulit, 1054 Etechemies, Etechemin, Etechemines, Etecheminii, Etecheneus, Etemankiaks, Eteminquois= Malecite. Etewans=Etiwaw. Etharita= Etarita. Ethen-eltéli= Etheneldeli. Ethinu, Ethinyu=Cree. Etichimenes= Malecite. Etichita= Hitchiti. Etionnontatehronnons, Etionnontates=Tionontati. E-tish-shoka= Etshoka. Etiwans=Etiwaw. Etneémi tane, Etnémi-tenéyu= Umpqua. Eto-cale=Ocali. Etohlugamiut=Etoluk. Eto-husse-wakkes=Itahassiwaki. Etschimins= Malecite. Etsh-tawut-dinni= Etchareottine. Etsi-kin= Etsekin. Etsitu’biwat=Ditsakana. Et-tah-kin-nee= Walpi. Ettchéri-dié-Gottiné= Etcheridiegottine. Ettine-tinney= Etheneldeli. Etuck Chukké= Etuk Chukke. Etzamish=Songish. Euchas= Yuchi, Yuma. Euchees= Yuchi, Yukichetunne. Eucher, Euches= Yukichetunne. Euchitaws= Hitchiti. Euchre, Euchre Creek= Yukichetunne. Euclataw=Lekwiltok. Euclitus= Lekwiltok, Tsakwalooin. Eudebe, Eudeva=Eudeve. Eufala’s, Eufalee, Eufantees= Eufaula. Euforsee= Hiwassee. Eufath, Eufaulahatche, Eu-fau-lau, Eu-fau-lau-hat- che, Eufaule, Eufaulies, Eufollahs, Eufowlas= Eufaula. Euhchee= Yuchi. Euimes=—Jemez. Eukas= Yukian Family: E-ukshikni, E-ukskni= Klamath. Eukwhatsum=Ikwopsum. Eu/nmun= Avak. Euphalau, Euphales= Eufaula. Eu-qua-chee, Eu-quah-chee= Yukichetunne. Euquatops= Mescaleros, Eurocs= Yurok. Eus-a-nich=Sanetch. E’-ushkni= Klamath. Eusquemays= Eskimo. Eustenaree= Ustanali. Eutahs, Eutaw=Ute. Eutchees= Yuchi. ig Eutempeche's=Intimbich. Euyrons= Huron. Eves= Erie. Evists-uni-pahis = Heviqsnipahis. Ewahoos=Ewawoos. Ewany=Yowani. Ewa’wus, E-w-aw-was=Ewawoos. Ewemalas=Alibamu. Ewinte= Uinta. sh cae Ewlhwiehaht, Ewl-hwilh-aht=Uclue- et. E-wu-ha-wu-si=Shoshoni. Exaloaping=Ekaloaping. Exalualuin=Ekalualuin. Exaluaqdjuin= Ekaluakdjuin. Exaluin= Ekaluin. Exaluqdjuaq= Ekalukdjuak. Excanjaque, Excausaquex= Kansa. Excellemaks= Esselen. Excomminqui, Excomminquois= Eskimo. Ex e ni nnth=Cexeninuth. Exepiahohé= Ervipiames. Exoluin=Ekaluin. E’ yack-im-ah= Yakima. Eyakini diné= Hopi. Eyank-ton-wah= Yanktonai. Eyish= Ey eish. Eythinyuwuk=Cree. Factory Indians—Sukinatcha. Facullie=Takulli. Fallatahs, Fallatrahs=Atfalati. Fall Indians=Atsina, Clowwewalla, Des Chutes, Pawating. Falls Indians= Des Chutes. Falls Viliage—Gaskosada, ETECHEMIES—¥ORT RUPERT [B. A. B: Falsav(o)ins= Menominee. False Creek=Snauk. False Dungeness=Stehtlum, Yennis. Faraona, Faraon Apaches, Faraones, Fardones, Far- reon Apaches= Faraon. Fat Cavity clan=Wikorzh. Fatehennyaha= Hotalihuyana. Father Fremin’s village=Totiakton. Fat Roasters=Ipoksimaiks. Faux Tétes-Plates—Salish. Fa-wac-car-ro=Tawakoni. Fawalomnes=Tuolumne. Feaga—Jeaga. Fejuas=Tejua Fe-jyu=Fejiu. Felles avoins= Menominee. Femmes blanches= White Woman’s Town. Ferconteha, Fercouteha=Serecoutcha. Fetkina=Chnagmiut. Fetoutlin= Fetutlin. Fia=Mecastria. Fiapuzi=Trea, Guatitruti. Filifaes, Filijayas=Tilihaes. Fire Heart’s band=Chantapeta’s Band. Fire-house=Tebugkihu. Fire Indians, Fire Nation= Mascoutens. Fish-eaters= Assiniboin, Mameoya, Tazaaigadika, Timpaiavats, Winnebago. Fish gens= Huinikashika. Fish Lake= Komkonatko. Fishpond, Fish-Pond Town= Hlahlokalka. Fish Utes=Seuvarits. | Five Canton Nations, Five Indian Cantons, Five Mohawk Nations, Five Nations=Iroquois. Five Nations of the Sciota Plains= Mingo. Flachbogen=Kitunahan Family, Lower Kutenai. Flambeau, Lac du= Wauswagiming. Flanakaskies= Monahassano. Flancs de chien=Thlingchadinne. Flandreau Sioux= Flandreau Indians. Flat Belly’s Village=Papakeecha. Flatbow=Kitunahan Family. Flatbows= Lower Kutenai. Flat Bows=Puhksinahmahyiks. Flathead Kootanie= Kalispel. Flatheads=Catawba, Chinook, Choctaw, Histape- numanke, Muskhogean Family, Nez Percés, Salishan Family, Spokan, Tushepaw, Waxhaw. Flathead-Selish=Salish. Flats=Choctaw. Flat-side Dogs=Thlingchadinne, Flattery= Makah. Flonk’-o= Lolanko. Flores= Las Flores. Flour Village=Corn Village. Fly gens=Itamalgi. Foille avoine Chippeways= Munominikasheenhug. Follaties=Atfalati. Folleavoine, Folles, Folles Avoines, Fols, Fols Avoin, Fols Avoines, Folsavoins= Menominee. | Fols Avoin Sauteaux, Fols-avoin-Sauters=Muno- minikasheenhug. Fols-avoise= Menominee, Munominikasheenhug. Folsovoins= Menominee. Fondagame= Roche de Beeuf. Fond du Lac= Wiaquahhechegumeeng. Fond du Les Loucheux=Tatlitkutchin. Fonechas= Pohoniche. Foolish Dogs= Hosukhaunu. Foosce-hat-che, Fooschatchee, Fooskahatche= Fusihatchi. Foot Assiniboines=Gens de Pied. Ford's Prairie=Talal. Foremost= Hanga. Forestdale ruin=Tundastusa. Forked tree= Waganakisi. Fort Augusta=Shamokin. Fort Chinnabie=Chinnaby’s Fort Fort Franklin= Venango. Fort George=Leitli. Fort Hamilton=Nunapithlugak. Fort Hope=Sakahl. Fort Indians= Kutchakutchin. Fort Kenai= Kenai. Fort Machault, Fort Mackhault, fort of Venango= Venango. Fort Queen=Sequim. Fort Reliance= Nuklako. Fort Rupert=Tsahis, Foosee Hatchee, BULL. 30] Fort Rupert Indiaus=K wakiutl. Fort Schamockin=Shamokin. Fort Simpson= Port Simpson. Fort Simpson Indians=Tsimshian. Fort Town=Neamathla. Fosters Bar=Tiaks. Fou-ka-was= Tonkawa. Foul Town= Fowl Town. Fountain= Huhilp. Four Crows band= Watsequeorda’s band. Four Peak Indians= Pinal Coyotero, Tontos. Fowl Town=Tutalosi. Foxers= Foxes. Foxes=Chula. Franceses= Pawnee. Francisco de Necha=San Francisco de los Tejas. Francisco Xavier—San Francisco Xavier de Viggé Biaundo. Franckstown= Frankstown. Fraser’s Lake Village=Natleh. Freckled Panis= Wichita. Fredericstahl= Frederiksdal. French Catharinestown, French Catherines town= Catherine’s Town. French Mohawks=Caughnawaga. French Prairie Indians= A hantchuyuk. French Praying Indians=Caughnawaga, French Town=Ostonwackin. Frente Negra Mts.—Tutuetac. Fresh meat necklace people=Talonapin. Frieden Huetten, Friedenshutten= Friedenshuet- ten. . Friedensstadt= Languntennenk. Frijoleros= Papago. Friyti=Guatitruti. Frog Indians= Manta. Fronteras=Corodeguachi. Fruson= Tucson. Fuchs-Aleuten= Unalaska. Fucson=Tucson. Fuketcheepoonta= Faluktabunnee. Fulawin= Menominee. Fulemmy’s= Pinder Town. Fulsowines= Menominee. Fusahatche= Fusihatchi. Fushi= Hatakfushi. Futun=Jutun. Fwah=Fwaha. Ga/-dn-do-wa-na"n=Gaandowanang. Ga-a"-no’-ge'=Gaanoge. Ga-a-no’-ga, Ga’-a-no-geh, Ga-d-no.-ge/=Nyutcir- haat. Gabrilenos=Gabrieleno. Gacheos=Cayuga. Gachimantiagon=Buckaloon. Gachnawas-haga—Conoy. Gachoi, Gachoos, Gachpas=Cayuga. Ga/-da-ga"s’-geo", Gada’/gesgao—Cattaraugus. Ga-da’-o—Gadaho. Gaga’n hit tan=Kaganhittan. Gagara-Shapka= Pogoreshapka. G-ag'g’ilak‘a—Gyagygyilakya. Gaghasieanhgwe, Gaghsiungua, Gaghsonshwa= Kashong. Gagnieguez= Mohawk. Gagsonghwa= Kashong. Ga‘-ha"ya-ya°n’-da’k=Gahayanduk. Gahasieanhgwe= Kashong. Gahéwa= Kiowa. Gahkwas= Erie. Ga-hna-wa’-ge=Caughnawaga. Gahooskins= Yahuskin. Gah-tau’-go ten’-ni, Gah-tow-go tin’-ni=—Chintagot- tine. Ga’-i-gwu= Kiowa. Gaiuckers=Cayuga. Gai’wa= Kiowa. Gajuka—Goiogouen. Gajuquas, Gakaos—Cayuga. Ga’L!ak!anasisi= Wakanasisi. GaLa’/qstxoqL= Killaxthokle. Galasteo—Galisteo. Galcani= Kulchana. Gal Doe= Kauldaw. Galeese Creek Indians—Taltushtuntude. Galiamoix=Katlamoik, Gaghsonghgwa, FORT RUPERT INDIANS—GA-NUN-TA’-AH 1055 Galice Creek=Taltushtuntude. Galiste—Galisteo. Galisteo— Heshota Ayathltona. Galleace Creek=Taltushtuntude. Gallisteo=—Galisteo. Galtzanen, Galzanen, Galzani= Kulchana. y’a/m3’amtElaL=Gamgamtelatl. Gamoenapa, Gamoenepa, Gamonepa=Communi- paw. Ganachgeritawe—Seneca. - Ga-na-da-a-gwan, Ga-na-da’/-gwa, Ga-nd-da-l6’-qua = Canandaigua. Ga-na-da-sa-ga, Canadasaga. Ganadatsiagon—Gandaseteiagon. Ganadesaga=Canadasaga. Ganadoke, Ga-na’-doque=Ganadogan. Ganagarahhare, Ganagarah’hare= Venango. Ganagaro= Kanagaro. Ganaghsaragey, Ganaghsaragues—Ganasarage. Ganagsadagas=Oka. Ga-nah’-da-on-tweh=Ganedontwan. Ganajohala’-que, Ganajoha’rla, Ganajohhore, Ga-na- jo-hi’-e=Canajoharie. Ganaraské=Ganeraske. Ga-na-ta-la’-qua, Ganataqueh—Canandaigua. Ganatcheskiagon=Gandaseteiagon. Ganatisgowa=Sganatees. Ganatoheskiagon =Gandaseteiagon. Ganaway, Ganawense, Ganawese, Ganawoose, Ga- nawses=Conoy. Ganaxte’di=Ganahadi. Ganciou, Gancydoes=Ganneious. Gandachioragon, Gandachiragou= Deyodeshot. Gandagan, Gandagarae, Gandagaro—Kanagaro. Gandaowagué, Gandaouaqué, Gandaougue=Caugh- nawaga. Gandaschekiagon=Gandaseteiagon. Gandastogega, Gandastogués—Conestoga. Gandatsiagon, Gandatskiagon=Gandaseteiagon. Gandawagué—Caughnawaga. Gandougaraé= Kanagaro. Gandules=Moenkopi. Ganeagaonhoh, Ga-ne-a’-ga-o-no= Mohawk. Ganechsatage, Ganechstage—Canadasaga. Ga-ne-ga-ha’-ga—= Mohawk. Ganeganaga=Cuughnawaga. Ganeidos, Ganeious, Ganejou=Ganneious. Ganentaa, Ganentaha—Gannentaha. Ganeousse=Ganneious. Ganesatague=Oka. Ganeyont=Ganneious. Gangascoe=Gangasco. Gangawese=Conoy. Ganiegueronons, Gani-inge, Gani-ingehaga, Ganinge- hage= Mohawk. Gannagaro= Kanagaro. Gannaouagué—Caughnawaga. Gannaouens=Conoy. Gannaraské=Ganeraske. Gannejouts, Ganneous, Ganneouse=Ganneious. Ganniag8ari, Ganniagwari= Mohawk. Ganniataratich-rone= Nanticoke. Ganniegéhaga, Ganniégeronon, Ganniegez, Gannie- gué, Ganniekez=Mohawk. Ganniessinga—Conoy. Ganningehage= Mohawk. Gannogarae= Kanagaro. Gannondata=Deyodeshot. Gannongarae, Gannougarae=Kanagaro. Gannounata=Deyodeshot. Gano/-a-lo’-hale=Oneida (vil.). Ga-no-d-o’-ha, Ga-no’a-o-ha =Ganowarohare. Ganochiaragon = Deyodeshot. Ga-no"-da’-a’ =Gannentaha. Gano" waro’hare‘=Ganowarohare. Ga-nosé-ga-go, Ga-nos’-ga-gon=Ganosgagong. Ganossetage= Conestoga. Ganowa’lohale, Ga/nowalohar’la—Ganowarohare. Ga-no’-wau-ga—Caughnawaga. Ganowauges=Ganawagus. Ganowiha=Ganowarohare. Gansa’gi, Gansaégiyi= Kansaki. Ganstero= Yuma. Gantsi= Kiowa Apache. Ga/nunda’gwa=Canandaigua. Ga-nun’-daé-sa=Ganondasa. Ga-nun-da-sa/-ga—Canadasaga. Ga-nun-ta/-ah—Gannentaha, Ga-na-da-sage, Ga-na-da-se’’-ge‘= 1056 Ganus’/gago, Ganuskago—Ganosgagong. Ga/nxet xa-idaga-i= Gunghet-haidagai. G:anyakoilnagai= Aoyakulnagai. Ga-on-‘hia/-di-on™ =Caneadea. Ga-o-no’-geh= Nyuchirhaan. Ga-o-sa-eh-ga-aah, Gao’sagao—Chinoshahgeh. Gaot! a’k-an=Gaudekan. Gi-o-tis-4-gé-0o = Chinoshahgeh. Ga-o-us-geh=Gaousge. Gio’ yadeo— Caneadea. G:a’p!énox'= Kopsino. Gappa=Quapaw. Ga-qua’-ga-o-no= Erie. Gaqui= Yaqui. Gaqulis= Gakhulin. Gaqulituli>’be=Gakhulinulinbe. Gardeau, Gardow=Gadaho. Garennajenhaga= Huron. Garhawquash= Kashong. Garote, Garotero, Garretero, Garrotero, Garrotes= Yuma. GAsa/n=Kasaan. he Kassovo. a’-sko ‘/-sa-da=Gaskosada. Gaseenians, Gaspesies=Gaspesien. Gataea= Kiowa Apache. G‘at’aiwas= Masset. GANuS/GAGO—G ‘IG ‘ILQAM Gataka= Kiowa Apache. Gat hi/ni=Gutheni. Gathsiungua= Kashong. Gatla/nakoa-iq—Cathlanahquiah. Ga’tlap’otlh—Cathlapotle. Gatohua=Cherokee. Gatqstax= Wakanasisi. Gattacka= Kiowa Apache. Gattéchwa=Cherokee. Gatu’gitse’, Gatu’gitse’yi—Catatoga. Gatin/lti/yi= Hemptown. Gauamuitk= Waginkhak. Gaud-ah-kan—Gaudekan. Ga’/-u-gwa=Goiogouen. Ga-u/-gweh=Cayuga. Ga-un-do’/-wa-na=Gaandowanang. Gavan= Kodiak. Gavanskoe, Gavanskoi, Gawanskoje=Iliuliuk. Gawia= Kawia. Gawicila— Kawishila. Gawi-lapteck—Kawilapchk. Gayuga=Cayuga. Gecualme=Tecualme. Gecuiches= Kawia. Gediack=Shediac. Ge-e-way, Ge-e-we=Santo Domingo. Geghdageghroano, Geghtigeghroones=[lIlinois. G’eg’’0/te=Gyegyote. Geliec=Geliac. Gelinos=Gila Apache. Gelo=—Geliac. Gemes, Gemex, Gemez=Jemez. Gemoenepaen, Gemoenepaw=Communipaw. Genalga— Atchinaalgi. Ge-nega's band=Genega. Genesee, Genessees= Geneseo. Genevavi=Guevavi. Genicuiches, Genigneihs, Genigueches, Geniguichs=Serranos. Geniocane= Heniocane. Genizaros=Tomé. Genneces, Gennesse= Geneseo. Gens de bois=Hankutchin, Tutchonekutchin. seat de bouleau, Gens de Bouleaux=Tennuthkut- chin. Gens de butte=Tenankutclun. Gens de Canot= Watopapinah. Gens de Castor=Tsattine. Gens de faux= Hankutchin. Gens de Feu= Mascoutens. Gens de Feuille= Wahpeton. Gens de Feuillees, Gens de Feuilles=Itscheabine. Gens de Feuilles-tirées= Wahpekute. Gens de fine, Gens de Fou, Gens de foux=Hanku- tehin. Gens de la Barbue= Marameg. Gens de l’abri=Tatsakutchin. Gens de Lac=Mdewakanton. Gens de la Feuille=Itscheabine. Gens de la fourche du Mackenzie= Eleidlinottine. Gens de l’age= Watopachnato. Gens de la Grande Riviere=Nakotchokutchin. Genigueh, [B. A. B. Gens De Lai=Mdewakanton. Gens de la Loutre= Nikikouek. Gens de la Mer du Nord= Mer, Gens de la. Gens de la Montagne= Etagottine. Gens de la Montagne la Corne= Etechesottine. Gens de Large= Natsitkutchin. Gens de la riviére au Foin= K lodesseottine. Gensde l’Outarde=Ouikaliny. Gens de Marais= Monsoni. Gens de Mer= Mer, Gens de la; Winnaluees Gens de Milieu=17' angesatsa. Gens d’En-haut= Etagottine. Gens de Orignal= Mousonee. Gens de Panse= Allakaweah. Gens de Pitie=Shoshoko. Gens-de-ralt, Gens de rats=Tukkuthkutehin. Gens de Roche=Jatonabine. Gens des Bois= Esbataottine, Hankutchin, Tschan- toga. Gens des Buttes=Tenankutchin. Gens des Canoe, Gens des canots, Gens des caruts= Watopapinah. Gens des Chaudiéres= Colville. Gens des chévres= Esbataottine. Gens des Corbeau=Crows. Gens de Serpent=Shoshoni. Gens des fees or Girls=Itscheabine. Gens des Feuilles= Wahpeton. Gens des Feuilles tirees= Wahpekute. Gens des filles=Itscheabine. Gens des Foux=Tutchonekutchin. Gens des grand diable=Watopachnato. Gens de siffeur=Teahinkutchin. Gens des Montagnes=Chabin, Chipewyan. Gens des Montagnes-Rocheuses= Etagottine. Gens des Osayes= Fanintauei. Gens des Pin= Wazikute. Gens des Rats= Vuntakutchin. Gens des Roches, Gens des rosches=Jatonabine. Gens des Serpent=Shoshoni. Gens des Soulier=Amahami. Gens des Tee=Itscheabine. Gens des Terres=Tétes de Boule. Gens des vach= Arapaho. Gens de Tee=Oseegah. Gens de wiz—Tutchonekutchin. | Gens du Caribon, Gens du Caribou=Attikiriniou- etch. Gens du Cuivre=Tatsanottine. Gens du fond du lac=Tatlitkutchin. Gens du Fort Norman= Desneceyarelottine. Gens du Gauche= Watopachnato. Gens du Lac= Mdewakanton, Minishinakato. Gens du lac la Truite= Etchaottine. Gens du Large=Natsitkutchin, Watopachnato. Gens du Nord=Northern Assiniboin. Gens du Petun=Tionontati. Gens du Poil=Chintagottine. Gens du Rat= Vuntakutchin. Gens du Sable=Sable. Gens du Sang= Miskouaha, Kainah. Gens du Sault= Pawating. Gens du Serpent=Shoshoni. Gens en l’air= Etagottine. Centagega, Gentaguetehronnons=Gentaienton. Gentlemen Indians= Waco. Genuvskoe= Henya. Georgiefskaia— Kasilof. Géq’o/lEqoa=Gyekolekoa. Gerguensens, Gerzuensens=Gergecensens. Get-an-max= Kitanmaiksh. Gete’kitigan—Gatagetegauning. Ge-wa-ga, Ge-waw-ga=Gewauga. G:é/xsEm=Gyeksem. G-é/xsEms’anaL—Gyeksemsanatl. Gha’-hi-tai/neo= Khanitan. Ghecham=Luiseno. _ Ghuil-chan= Kulchana. Ghula’-napo= Kuhlanapo. Gi-aucth-in-in-e-wug, Gi-aucth-in-ne-wug= Hidatsa, Gibbaways=Chippewa. Gibola= Zuni. Giburi=Quiburi. Gicarillas—Jicarilla. Gidanemuk=Serranos. Gieschgumanito—= Kiskiminetas. Gig’ abu= Kickapoo. Gi 'e" EqEmaé=Gyigyekemae. G'i’g‘ilgam=Gyigyilkam, BULL. 30] Gijames=Sijame. Gikapu= Kickapoo. Gikidanum=Serranos. Gilakhamiut=Gilak. GiLa’lélam=Nisal. Gilands=Coyoteros. Gilans=Gila Apache. GiLa’peo-i=Gitlapshoi. Gila Pimas= Pima. GiLa’q! ulawas=K walhioqua. Gilas=Gila Apache. GiLa’xicateck=Watlala. GiLa’xwilapax= Willopah. Gilena, Gileno, Gilenos Apaches=Gila Apache. Gillamooks= Tillamook. Gi’/manoitx= Kitlope. Gina’s= Kiowa Apache. Ginebigénini=Shoshoni. Ginetéwi Sawanégi— Absentee. Gingaskins—Gangasco. Gingoteque=Chincoteague. Ginnacee—Geneseo. Gin-se-ua=Gyusiwa. Giopas=Ojiopas. Gi-oshk=Gyaushk. Giowaka-a’, Giowatsa-a’—Santa Clara. Gipanes= Lipan. Gi-pu-i=Gipuy. Girls’ band=Itscheabine. Gis-twe-ah’-na= Hastwiana. Gitanemok, Gitanemuk, Gitanemum= Serranos. Git-an-max=Kitanmaiksh. Gita’q;émas—Clackama. Gitases— A tasi. Git-au-max=Kitanmaiksh. Gita’xwilapax—=Willopah. Git !e’/ks= Kitaix. Gitins—Got. Gitla’tlpeleks— Palux. Gitla’wewalamt=Clowwewalla. Gits’ aji= Kichai. Gittci’s=Kitzeesh. Gituns=Got. Glagla-heéa, Glagla-hetca =Glaglahecha, Gleese Cleek—Taltushtuntude. Gleta=Isleta. Glisteo—Galisteo. Gnacsitaries—Gnacsitare. Gnaden Auetten=Gnadenhuetten. Gnapaws=Quapaw. Gnasitares, Gnasitaries—Gnacsitare Go-about band— Detsanayuka. Goasavas—Guazavas. Goatcharones= Wacharones. Goda—= Huda. Godamyon—K watami. Gogouins=Cayuga. Gohontoto= Wyalusing. Gohun—Tontos, Tulkepaia, Yavapai. Goienho=Touenho. Goiog8en—Goiogouen. Goiogotiens—Cayuga. Goiogouin=Goiogouen. Goiogouioronons—Cayuga. Goiogwen=Goiogouen. Gojogoiien—Cayuga. Gokapatagans— Kickapoo. Go-ke-nim-nons= Bokninuwad. Golden Hill (tribe) —Pauquaunuch. Gol-doe=Kauldaw. Gologamiut—Golok. Goltzane, Golzan, Golzanen—K ulchana. Gomez=Jemez. Gonaraske—Ganeraske. Gona’/xo—Gonaho. Go’naxo koan—Gunachonken. Gonega=Genega. Gonejou—Ganneious. Good Knife=Tanetsukanumanke. Goodnight Indians—Beothukan Family. Good-Road, Goodroads ( band), Goodrod’s band— Oyateshicha. Gooiogouen—Cayuga. Goose Creek Diggers—Tussawehe, G-o’p’éndx—Gyopenok. Goricas= Yoricas. Gorretas, Gorrettes, Gorrites— Manso, Goschachguenk, Goschaching, Goschachking— Coshocton, 2456—Bull. 30, pt 2—07—67 GIJ AMES—GUACANE 1057 Goschegoschuenk, Goschgoschuenk—G oshgoshunk. Goschochking, Goshachking=Coshocton. Go-sha-utes, Goshee Utes, Goshen Utes—Gosiute. Goshgoshink—Goshgoshunk. Goship, Goship Shoshones, Go-ship-Utes, Goshiss= Goslute. Goshochking—Coshocton. Goshoots=Gosiute. Gosh’-sho-o— Kassovo. Go-shutes, Gosh Yuta, Gos-ta Utes—Gosiute. Gos ventures=Gros Ventres. Gote=Goch. Gothescunqueon, Gothsenquean, Gothsinquea= Kashong. Goulapissas= Acolapissa. Govero=Cubero. Goxicas= Yoricas. Goyagouins, Goyogans, Goyogoans, Goyogoin, Goyo- gouans, Goyogouens=Cayuga. Goyogouh=Goiogouen. Goyogouin—Cayuga, Goiogouen. Goyoguans, Goyoguen, Goyoguin, Goyoguoain, Go- yo-gwe"‘—Cayuga, Goyotero= Yuma. Goyuka=Cayuga. Gpaughlettes— Kishpachlaots. Granada, Granade, Granado, Granata—Hawikuh. Grand Coweta=Kawita. Grande= Pueblo Pintado. Grand Eaux, Grandes Eaux=Pahatsi. Grandes pagnes— Paskwawininiwug. Grand Osage= Pahatsi. Grand Pans, Grand Par, Grand Paunee, Grand Pawnee=Chaui. Grand Quavira, Grand Quivira—Tabira. Grand Rapids=Kezche. Grand Romaine= Romaine. Grand Ronde= Willewah. Grands, Grands Panis=Chaui. Grands Taensas=Taensa. Grand Tuc, Grand Zo, Grand Zue—Pahatsi. Gran Quivira=Quivira, Tabira. Gran Quivra=Tabira. Gran Teguaio—Teguayo. Grasshopper Indians=Ute. Grasshoppers= Masikota. Grass Sound Indians=Huna. Grays—Gray Village. Grease Creek=Taltushtuntude. Great Belly Indians—Gros Ventres. Great Kammas—Tukuarika. Great Miami village—Kekionga. = Osage, Great Ossage, Great Ozages=Pa- atsi. Great Pawnee=Chaui. Great Sawokli, Great Swaglaw—Sawokli. Great Teguai=Teguayo, Great Tellico=Tellico. Great Village, Great White Apple Village— White Apple. Greek nation—Creeks. Green River band= Akanaquint. Green River Indians—Skopamish. Green River Snakes= Washakie’s Band. Green River Utahs= Akanaquint. Greenville= Lakkulzap. Green Wood Indians= Nez Percés. Grenada, Grenade= Hawikuh. Grey Eyes=Inshtasanda. Grigas=Grigras. Grizzly Bear gens=Mantuemkashika. Gros Cap= Michipicoten. Grosse Ventres, Grossventers, Gross-Ventres, Gross Ventres proper=Gros Ventres. Gros Ventre= Hidatsa. Gros Ventre of the Fort Prairie, Gros Ventres, Gros Ventres des Plaines, Gros Ventres des Prairies, Gros Ventres of the Falls=—Atsina. Gros Ventres of the Missouri~Gros Ventres. Gros Ventres of the Prairie—Atsina. Gros-Vents=Gros Ventres. Grosvontres of the Prairie—Atsina. Ground-Hog-Eaters= Yahandika. Grouse Men=Sipushkanumanke. Grovan=Gros Ventres. G-tinkit, G’tinkit=Tlingit. Gua=Quanmugua, Guacane=Guancane. Gothseunquean, 1058 Guachoia=Guachoya. Guachoula, Guachoule=Guaxule. Guachoyanque=Guachoya. Guachule=Guaxule. Guachurrones= Wacharones. Guactum=San Serafin. Guadalupe=Nuestra Sefiora de Guadalupe de los Nacogdoches, Nuestra Sefiora de la Guadalupe, Pojoaque, Zuni. Guadalupe de los Nacogdoches= Nuestra Senora de la Guadalupe. Guadalupe del Paso= El Paso. Guadalupe Nacori=Nacori. Guadalupe Ocotan=Ocotan. Guadalupe-Pa-Pagoe— Guadalupe. Guadalupe Teuricachi=Teuricachi. Guadelupe= Guadalupe. Guaden Huetten=Gnadenhuetten. Guaes= Kansa. Guagarispa=Arizpe. Guagenigronnons= Mohawk. Guaicamaopa= Yacum. Gu-ai-hendlas-hade= K weundlas. Guak-s’n-a-mish=Squaxon. Gualciones=Guaycones. Gualliba, Gualliva=Walapai. Gualpa, Gualpe, Gualpi, Gualpimas— Walpi. Guamoa—Guamua. Guananesses=Conoy. Guanavepe=Guanabepe. Guandastogues, Guandostagues= Conestoga. Guanicarichic=Carichic. Guapos= Wappo. Guaquili=Aguaquiri. Guaragunve, Guardgumve, Guardgunve—Guarun- gunve. Guardou=Gadaho. Guarugumbe, Guarugunve, gunve. Guas=Guaes. Guasabas=Guazavas. Guasaca=Guacata. Guasachis= Osage. Guasamas=Cathlamet. Guasamota=Guazamota. Guasarochic=Guazarachic. Guasavas=Guazavas. Guasave=—San Pedro Guazave, Vacoregue. Guasers=Guasas. Gua-shil-la—Goasila. Guasili, Guasuli=Guaxule. Guatari= Wateree. Gua’thlakanashishi= Wakanasisi. Guathla’payak—Cathlapotle. Guatitritti—Guatitruti. Gua’ts’énog, Gua’ts’éndx=Quatsino. Guatzinera= Huachinera. Guau’aénog, Guau’aénéx=Guauaenok. Guaxula=Guaxule. Guayavas=Guazavas. Guaypipa—Cuiapaipa. Guazaca=Guazavas. Guazapare=Guazapar. Guazarachis=Guazarachic. Guazas=Guasas, Kiowa. Guazave= Vacoregue. Guazavez=Guevavi. Guazayepo=Guazapares. Gubates=Tano. Guchillo=Cuchillo. Guebavi=Guevavi. Gueiquizales=Gueiquesales. Guelpee=Walpi. Guenocks= Wenok. Guerechic=Guerachic. Guerechos=Querechos. Gueres=Keresan Family. Guerriers= Dakota. Guerriers de la Roche, Guerriers de pierre=Assini- boin. Gué-u-gweh=Goiogouen. Gueva=Guevu. Guevavi-Gussudac=Guevavi. Guhunes=Tontos. Guibisnuches= Wiminuche. Guichais= Kichai. Guichita, Guichitta— Wichita. Guichyana= Yuma. Guiguimuches= Wiminuche. Guarunguve=Guarun- GU ACHOIA—GYITYTSA/XTL [B. A. B. Guilach= Wichita. Guilistinons=—Cree. Guillicas, Guilucos=Guilitoy. Guimzique, Guin-se-ua=Gyusiwa. Guiogouins= Cayuga. Guipaca= Huepac. Guipana= Kipana. Guipaolave, Guipaulavi=Shipaulovi. Guiperi, Guipui, Gui-pu-y=Gipuy. Guiricata=San Juan de Dios. Guiscat=Quiscat. Guithl’akimas=—Clackama. Guithlameth!=Cathlamet. Guithlasko= Wasco. Guithlia-ishalxi— Ktlaeshatlkik. Guithli‘a-Kishatchk= Upper Chinook. Guitzeis= Kichai. Gui-yus=Ditsakana. Gu'‘lani’yi=Guhlaniyi. Gulf Lake reservation=Gull Lake Band. Gumshewa=Cumshewa. Gunachonkon=Gunachonken. Gi/nahitin’yi= Valleytown. Gunana= Athapascan Family. Gunaqa’=Gunakhe. Giin’-di’gaduhtnyi=Turkeytown. Gun-nah-ho—Gonaho. Gunter’s Landing=Creek Path. Gu’/nwa=Gwinwah. Gupa-nga-git-om=Gupa. Gusano=Seyupa. Gu-sho-doj-ka= Kotsoteka. Gusudac, Gusutaqui=(Guevavi. Gutahs= Ute. Gi’ta‘k= Kiowa Apache. Guth-le-uk-qwan=Ugalakmiut. Gu’tskia’we=Cree. Guvoverde=Gubo. Gu’wisguwi’=Cooweescoowee. Guyandot= Huron. Guyas=Guaes. Guylpunes= Khulpuni. Guymen=Guimen. Gwahago—Cayahoga. Gwaugueh=Cayuga. Gwa-u-gwek=Gayagaabhe. Gwa*’yasdEmse= K waustums. Gweugweh=Goiogouen. Gwe-u-gweh-o-no=Cayuga. Gwhunnughshonee= Iroquois. Gyai’-ko=Comanche. Gyandottes= Huron. Gyarzobi, Gya’-zro wiiiwii, Gyazru winwi—Gyazru. Gye’qsEm=Gyeksem. Gyidesdz6= Kittizoo. Gyidnada’eks= Kinuhtoiah. Gyidzaytla’tl— Kitsalthlal. Gyidzi’s= Kitzeesh. Gyi’gyElk-am=Gyigyilkam. Gyikshan= Kitksan. Gyilaxsta’oks=Gyilaktsaoks. Gyilots’a’r= Kilutsai. Gyimanoitq= Kitlope. Gyinayangyi’ek= Kinagingeeg. Gyispaqla’ots= Kishpachlaots. Gyispayoéke= Kishpiyeoux. Gyi8pexla’/ots= Kishpachlaots. Gyispotuwb’da—Gyispawaduweda. Gyit'ama’t—Kitamat. _ Gyit’anma’kys=Kitanmaiksh. Gyit’ Enda= Kitunto. Gyitg:a’ata=—Kitkahta. -. ee Gyitingits'ats, Gyit’ingyits’ats=Gitin-gidjats. Gyit’ins—Gituns. ; Gyitksa’n, Gyitkshan=Kitksan. Gyitla’n=Kitlani. Gyit'laqda’mike=Kitlakdamix. Gyitlo’p= Kitlope. Gyitqa’tla=Kitkatla. Gyits’ala’ser=Kitzilas. Gyitsigyu’ktla— Kitzegukla. Gyits’ umra’lon= Kitzimgaylum. Gyitwulgya’ts= Kitwilgioks. Gyitwulkseba/= Kitwilksheba. Gyitwunga’=Kitwingach. Gyitwunksé’ tlk= Kitwinshilk. Gyitwuntlko/l= Kitwinskole. Gyit, tsa’ tl—Gyitktsaktl. BULL. 30] Haai’alik auae=Haaialikyauae. Haai’lak-Emaé= Haailakyemae. Haami= Hami. Ha’analénox, Ha’anatlenoq= Haanatlenok. Haatse= Haatze. Haatsii-hano=Hatsi. Habasopis= Havasupai. Habasto= Ahwaste. Habbamalas=Alibamu. Habe-napo, Ha-bi-na-pa= Khabenapo. Habitans du Sault=Pawating. Hab-koo-kee-ah= Acoma. Habutas=Tano. Haca’ath=Hachaath. Hacansacke, Haccinsack— Hackensack. Ha-ce’-pi-ri-i-nu’= Hachepiriinu. Hachinghsack, Hachkinkeshaky= Hackensack. Hackhocken= Hockhocken. : Hackinckesaky, Hackinghesaky, Hackinghsack, Hackinghsackin, Hackinghsakij, Hackingkesacky, Hackingkescaky, Hackingsack, wraereacemimes 4 Hackinkesackinghs, Hackinkesacky, Hackinsack, Hackinsagh= Hackensack. Hackquickanon= Aquackanonk. Hackquinsack= Hackensack. Ha/-ckiie-tin= Hashkushtun. Haclli= Haglli. Heel’-t’a-qic= Hashletukhik. Ha-coom= Yacum. Hacquickenunk= Aquackanonk. Hacquinsack= Hackensack. Hacu, Hacuqua, Ha-cu-quin, Hacis— Acoma. Hadai, Hadaies= Adai. Haddihaddocks= Powhatan. Hadovesaves, Hadovessians= Dakota. Had-sa-poke’s band= Hadsapoke. Haeeltruk, Haeeltsuk, Haeeltz, Haeeltzuk, Haeet- | suk, Haeltzuk=Bellabella. Hae-mish=Jemez. Hagaligis= Hogologes. Haghquagenonck= Aquackanonk. Hagulget, Ha-gweil-ket= Hagwilget. Haha= Assiniboin. Hahatona, Hahatonwan, Hahatonway=Chippewa. Hahatouadeba= Hahatonwanna. Ha-hat-tong, Ha-ha-tu-a, Ha-ha-twawns=Chip- pewa. Hahauien= Hawikuh. Hahatipim= Wahowpum. Haha-vasu-pai= Havasupai. Hahderuka=Crows. Hahel-topa-ipa—San Carlos Apache. Ha’héqgolat— Hahekolatl. Hah-hah-ton-wah= Chippewa. Hah-har-tones= Hahatonwanna. Hah-k6o-kee-ah= Acoma. Hah8endagerha= Huron. Hahtz-nai koon=Atsina. Ha Huico= Hawikuh. Ha-hwad’ja, Ha-hwadsha=Pinalefios. Hah-wal-coes= Walapai. Hai-ai’nima=Sanpoil. Haialikya’taé= Haailakyemae. Hai-ankutchin= Hankutchin. Hai’bata, Haiba’yu—Santa Clara. Haicu= Hawikuh. Haida=Skittagetan Family. Haidah = Eskimauan Family, Chimmesyan Fam- ily, Haida, Koluschan Family, Skittagetan Family. Hai-dai= Haida, Skittagetan Family. Haideroka—Crows. Haihaish=China Hat. Haiish=Eyeish. Hailtsa, Hailtzuk, Ha-ilt-zukh—Bellabella. Hai’ ‘luntchi=Cayuse. Hai/maaxsto= Haimaaksto. Hai-ne-na-une=Tanima. Hainpassawan= Hampasawan. Hains=Cayuse. Haiokalita=San José. : Haiowanni= Yowani. Haiphaha’=Santa Clara. Hair Shirts=Isisokasimiks. Hairy-Men’s band= Hevhaitanio. Hais=Eyeish. Haiscas= Yscanis. Ha/-ish=Eyeish, HAAI’ALIK “AUAE—HAN-KUTCHI 1059 Hai-shi-la, Haishilla—Kitamat. Haitch Point= Hatch Point. Haitlin=Tait. Haits’au, Ha-ju hade—Edjao. Ha ka= Kiowa Apache. Haka-hanoq*>= Hakan. Hakesians= Haquis. Hakh kutsor= Ashipak. Hak-koo-kee-ah= Acoma. Ha-koo-pin=Gupa. Ha-ku, Hakukue= Acoma. Hakupin=Gupa. Ha-kus= Acoma. Hakwiche= Kawia. Halaha= Ahulka. Hal-alt= Hellelt. Halant=Halaut. Halbama=Alibamu. Halchedoma, Halchedumas= Alchedoma. Halchuchubb= Hatchichapa. Half breech clout people=Chegnakeokisela. Half-Cheyenne band=Sutaio. Half-way Creek= Hatchichapa. Halfway House, Halfway House Indians—Talasse Halianacani= Alimacani. Halibee Inds. = Hillabi. Halisanes, Halitanes—Ietan. Halkomé’/lem=Cowichan. Hallapootas=Olulato. Hallebac, Hallibees=Hillabi. Halliquamaya=Quigyuma. Hall of Montezuma=Casa Grande. Halmacanir= Alimacani. Halonagu= Halona. Ha-lo-nah=Zuni. Hélona-itiwana, Halona Kuin, Hal-onan, Halona- quin, Hal-on-aua, Ha-lo-na-wa, Halonawan= Halona. Haltalt=Hellelt. Halthum=Haltham. Halthwypum= K likitat. Haltkam, Halt-kum=Haltham. Haltso, Haltsodine‘=Khaltso. Ha’/lummi= Lummi. Ha’lx’aix‘tendx= Halkaiktenok. Ha-ma-kaba-mite kwa-dig— Apache. Hamalakyauae=Gyigyilkam Ham-a-qua= Hanakwa. Hama’ wi= Humahwi. Hamburg Indians= Kammatwa. Hamefcutellies, Ha-mef-kut’-tel-li= Atuami. Hameting-Woleyuh=Hamitin Woliyu. Hamine-chan= K hemnichan. Ha-mish=Jemez. Ha-mi-ting-W0/-li-yuh= Hamitin Woliyu. Hamockhaves, Hamoekhavé, Hamokaba, Hamokavi, Ham-oke-avi= Mohave. Ham-pas-sa-wan= Hampasawan. Hamtolops= Humptulip. agiikeoeen = Mohave. Hanaga= Henya. Hanags= Henaggi. Hanahaskies= Monahassano. Hanakwiche=Serranos. Haname=Cotonam. Ha*anaxawuune’na"= Hanahawunena. Hanat/ino= Haanatlenok. Hancock Fort=Cotechney Hanctons= Yankton. Hand Cutters= Dakota. Handsome Men=Quapaw. Hanega= Henya. Hanes=Janos. Hanetones= Yankton. Hangacenu= Hangashenu. Hanga jinga—Ibache. Hanga-qti= Dtesanhadtadhishan. Hanga utanandji= Hangatanga. Hanging Ears=Kalispel. Hanichina=Isleta. Hanieas=Henya. Ha® i/niyk‘acin’a= Hanginihkashina. Hanya=Hangka. Han’ya e’nikaci’ya= Hangkaenikashika. Han’ya tanya= Manshkaenikashika. Hanya utaganjsi= Hangkautadhantsi. Hankha aiola=Haanka Ullah. Hankpapes=Hunkpapa. Han-Kutchi, Han-kuttchin— Hankutchin. 1060 Hannakalals, Hannakallah=Hannakallal. Hannayaye= Honeoye. Hannetons= Yankton. Hanneyaye= Honeoye. Hanikacis»ga= Hangnikashinga. Hanohaskies= Monahassano. Hanoki, Hanom, Ha-no-me, Hanomuh=Hano. Hano Oshatch=Oshach. Hanos=Janos. Han-té’wa=Hantiwi. Hanuveche=Serranos. Ha4pai, Ha/-pan-ni= Hapanyi. Hapapka= A hapopka. Ha-pe-ka, Hapitus= Hopi. Hapsa-ro-kay, Hapsaroke=Crows. Hapuntika=Encinal. Haqua’mis= Hahuamis. Haquequenunck, Haquicqueenock= Aquackanonk. Hara’c hit tan=Kayashkidetan. Harae, Harale, Harall=Harahey. Har-dil-zhay= Mohave, Tontos, Tulkepaia, Yava- pai. Hardwoods=Sugwaundugahwininewug. Hare-Eaters=Onavas. ‘ Hare-foot Indians, Hare Indians, Hareskins=Kaw- chodinne. Har-har-tones= Hahatonwanna. Harno, Haro= Hano. Harones= Huron. Harrickintoms=Tom’s Town. Harriga= Hirrihigua. Harrison Mouth=Scowlitz. Hartley Bay=Kitkahta. Hasanameset, Hasanamoset, sanamesit. Hasatyi= Hasatch. Hashi=Cora. Hasinai= Caddo. Hasinninga= Hassinunga. Haskanhatso, Haskanhatsodine'=Khaskankhatso, Has-lintah= Haslinding. Hasli/zdine‘, Hasli/eni=Khashhlizhni. Hassanamasasitt, Hassanamaskett, Hassanamesitt, Hassana-misco, Hassanamset, Hassanemesit= Hassanamesit. Hassaninga= Hassinunga. Hassannamesit, Hassenemassit, Hassinammisco= Hassanamesit. Hassiniengas, Hassinugas, nunga. Hass-lin’/tung= Haslinding. Hassunnimesut= Hassanamesit. Hastriryini=Taensa. Has-twi-a’/-na’= Hastwiana. Hatarask= Hatteras. Hatca/ath=Hachaath. Hatch-ah-wat= Ahchawat. Hatcha chubba, Hatchchichubba, Hatchechubba, Hat- che chub-bau, Hatchechubbee, Hatcheechubba= Hatchichapa. Hatchet-Creek= Potchushatchi. Hatchita= Hitchiti. Hatchi tchapa=Hatchichapa. Hat Creek (Indians) = Atsugewl. Ha/téné—Coos. Ha-tha-we-ke-lah, Ha-tha-we-kilah= Hathawekela. Hati’ hshi/rini= Winnebago. Hatilshe= Mohave, Tulkepaia, Yuma. Hatindia80inten= Huron. Hatiniéye-runu= Mohawk. Hatiwa*ta-runh=Neutrals. Hatorask= Hatteras. Hatsaganha’=Ontwaganha. Hatschi-na-wha= Hatsinawan. Hattack-falaih-hosh=Oklafalaya. Hattahappas, Hattakappas—Attacapa. Hattak-i-hol-lihtah=Watakihulata. Hattchenae= Unakhotana. Hatteras Indians= Hatteras. Ha-ju-it ‘aji= Hadtuitazhi. Ha’ yanné=Coos. Hauchelage= Hochelaga. Haugh-goghnuch-shionee= Iroquois. Ha-ui-ca, Ha-ui-cu=Hawikuh. Hau kan hade=Howkan. Haulapais= Walapai. Hau-nay-setch=Anasitch. Haunyauya= Honeoye. Hautcu’k'tlées’ath= Uchucklesit. Hasanemesett= Has- Hassinungaes= Hassi- HAN N AKALALS—HE-SHO-TA-TSI/-NA-K WE [B. A. BE. Haute=Aute. Hautlatin=Huntlatin. H [aut]. Saura=Saura Towns. Hauts-Tchinouks= Upper Chinook. Havasopi, ’Havasua Pai, Hava-su-pay=Havasupai. Haverstroo= Haverstraw. Havesu-pai= Havasupai. Havico, Ha-vi-cu, Havicuii= Hawikuh. Havisua Pai= Havasupai. Hawalapdi, Hawalpai=Walapai. Ha-waw-wah-lah-too-wah=Jemez. Ha-wi-k’hu, Ha-wi-k’uh-ians= Hawikuh. Hawitches=Heuchi. Hawk people= Kretan. Ha-wol-la Pai=Walapai. Haw-on-chee= Heuchi. Hawoyzask= Wazhush. Haw-quo-e-hov-took—Chasta. Haxa=Harahey. Haxua/mis=Hahuamis. Haya=Harahey. Hay4-a, Hayaha=Chiricahua. Haychis=Eyeish. Haynaggi, Haynargee, Hay-narg-ger— Henaggi. Haynokes= Eno. Hay-way-ku, Hay-we-cu=Hawikuh. Hay-woot=Hewut. Hazanames= Aranama. Heabenomas= Hoabonoma. He’-ayfé ta°war’/= Heakdhetanwan. Hebahamo, Hebohamos= Ebahamo. Hebonumas= Hoabonoma. Hecatazi= Hecatari. Hechapususse= Hitchapuksassi. Heckwiath= Hesquiat. He-co-necks=Shanamkarak. Hedatse= Hidatsa. Hegue= Eudeve. He-high-e-nim-mo=Sanpoil. Héhonqueronon= Kichesipirini. Heiche= Eveish. Héiltsuk, Héi/ltsuq=Bellabella. Heiptint Ampafa amin=Clatsop. Hei-to-to-wee= Heitotowa. Hekinxtana=Ikogmiut. Hekwach= Agua Caliente. Helalt=Hellelt. Helcen= Helshen. Helchpuck [Sasy] =Hitchapuksassi. Helen Island= Red Rock. Hel-i-ok= Huililoc. Hel-lal, Hel-lalt=Hellelt. Hellwitts=Tlakluit. Helmacape= Enecappe. Helowna=Okanagan Lake. Helto—Holholto. Helwit=Tlakluit. Hemeos, Hemes, Hemez=Jemez. He-mini-can, Hemnica, Hemnicay=Khemnichan Hé-nar-ger= Henaggi. Hencocks-Towne=Cotechney. Henex=Jemez. Henja-kon= Henya. Hén’-na-ti= Henuti. Henné-ga-kon, Hennegas= Henya. Hennésh=Choctaw. Hen-ta-pah-tus, Hen-tee-pah-tees— Hunkpatina. Henya qoan=Henya. Hequi= Eudeve. Herechenes, Hereckenes=Horicon. Hergerits= Miskut. Heries= Erie. Hermes, Hernes=Jemez. Herringuen= Hormiguero. Heshohtakwin= Heshoktakwin. Héshcta Ihluctzina=Heshotahluptsina. Heshota Im-kuosh-kuin, Hesho-ta Im-quosh-quin, Hesh-o-ta-inkos-qua= Heshota Imkoskwin. Héshota Izina= Pescado. Heshota Mim-kuosh-kuin, Hesho-ta Mimquoshk- kuin=Heshota Imkoskwin. Heshota O’aquima= Kiakima. He-sho-ta-pathl-taie= Kintyel. Hesh-o-ta-sop-si-na= Heshotahluptsina. Hesh-o-ta-thlu-al-la= Heshoktakwin. Heshota Thluc-tzinan, Heshotathlu’ptsina—Hesho- tahluptsina. He-sho-ta-tsi/-na-kwe, He sho ta tsi nan, Hesh-o-ta- tzi-na, Heshota Tzinan=Pescado, BULL. 30] Heshota Uthia= Heshotauthla. Hesho-ta Yasht-ok= El Morro. Hesh-que-aht= Hesquiat. Hesley= Makhelchel. Hesquiaht= Hesquiat. Hessamesit= Hassanamesit. Hessler= Makhelchel. , He-stands-both-sides= Anoginajin. Heth-to-ya= Hittoya. Hetschojoa= Echojoa. He’va tan i u= Hevhaitanio. Heve=Eudeve. He-wa’-kto-kta, Hewaktokto= Hidatsa, Hewanee, Hewanny= Yowani. He-war-tuk-tay= Hidatsa. Hewa-ta-niuw’= Hevhaitanio. Hewhannee= Yowani. Hé-wi=Huwi. . Heéyala’/nois= Hekhalanois. Heya=Chiricahua. Heyata-otonwe, Heyata tonwan=Kheyataotonwe. Heyata wi¢asa= Kheyatawichasha. Heyowani= Yowani. H’hana= Khana. Hiamonce= Hiamonee. Hiaqui= Yaqui. Hi-ar’=Chiricahua. Hiazus= Yazoo. Hiccory ground=Talasse. Hich-a-pue-susse= Hitchapuksassi. Hichetas= Hitchiti. Hich’hu= Hupa. Hichipucksassa= Hitchapuksassi. Hickory=Jicarilla. Hickory Ground, Hicory Ground=Talasse. Hidatsa=Elahsa. Hidatza= Hidatsa. Hidery=Skittagetan Family. Hide Strap clan=Piqosha. Hidhatsa= Hidatsa. Hieller= Hlielung. Hiem-ai, Hiémide—Jemez. Hierbipiames=Ervipiames. Hieroquodame=Terocodame. Hietane, Hietans=Ietan. Higabu= Kickapoo. Higgahaldshu=Tillamook. High Bar= K wekweak wet. High-House People= Kinaani. Highland Brule=Kheyatawichasha, Highlander=Chipewyan. Highlanders=Nochpeem. Highland Indians=Nochpeem, Wappinger, Wec- quaesgeek. Highland Sicangu= K heyatawichasha. High Log= Finhalui. High-minded People=Siksika. Hightower= Etowah. High Village= Meteahke. Highwassee= Hiwassee. Hihighenimmo, Hihighenimo=Sanpoil. Hihirrigua=Hirrihigua. Hiits Hanyi=Itrahani. Hijames=Sijame. Hikalia’-kue=Jicarilla. Hikanagi= Mahican. Hika’/pu= Kickapoo. Hikihaw, Hikkihaw=Hykehah. Hi’-la-pi= Hillabi. Hilchittees= Hitchiti. Hilend’s Gila Indians=Coyoteros. Hiletsuck, Hiletsuk—Bellabella. Hilicopile=Helicopile. Hilini, Hiliniki= Illinois. Hillaba, Hillabees, Hilabi, Hillabys, Hill-au-bee= Hillabi. Hilleamuck= Tillamook. Hillebese= Hillabi. Hillini-Lléni=Cree. Himares, Himeris, Himuri=Imuris. Hindssau, Hindsso= Wichita. Hitha®-ci"-wapa= Hinhanshunwapa. Hinhaneton= Yankton. Hinhan-s/uy-wapa= Hinhanshunwapa. Hini= Hainai. Hinkaneton= Yankton. Hiouacara= Hiocaia. HESHOTA UTHI A—H0-HO-QOM 1061 Hiowanni= Yowani. Hi’-puk=Ypuc. Hirequodame= Terocodame. Hirocoi= Iroquois. Hiroons= Huron. Hiroquais, Hiroquois=Iroquois. Hirriga= Hirrihigua. Hiscas= Yscani. Hishhue=Owaiski. Hishi= Pueblo Largo. Hishquayaht= Hesquiat. His-scarlet-people= Kapozha. Hissi o mé tan i u=Hisiometaniu. Histoppa== Histapenumanke. His-tu-i-ta-ni-o= Atsina. Hitaniwo’iv, Hi-tan-ne-wo’i-e— Arapaho, Hitasi’/na—Cheyenne. Hi-tca-qce-pa-ra= Hichakhshepara. Hitchatees= Hitchiti. Hitchatooche= Hitchitudshi. | Hitchetaws, Hitchetee= Hitchiti. Hit-che-too-che= Hitchitudshi. Hitchi= Kichai. Hitchies= Hitchiti, Kichai. Hitchita, Hitchittees, Hitch-ity—Hitchiti. Hitchopararga= Kitchopataki. Hi’-tcin-si-wit’= Hitshinsuwit. Hits-tco’-won= Hitschowon. Hitunena, Hitunenina=Atsina. Hive=Oivimana. Hi’-wai-i’-t’cé= Hiwaithe. H’iwana= Apache. Hiwasse= Hiwassee. Hiyoomannee, Hiyoowannee= Yowani. Hizantinton=Santee. Hlakklakatan=Ntlaktlakitin. Higagilda, Hlgai-u=Skidegate. Higun=Hlun. H’lilush=Tututni. Hikenul=Cumshewa. Hlu-hlu natan=Ntlaktlakitin. Hlukak= Hlukahadi. Hluk-kluk-a-tan= Ntlaktlakitin. Hmisis=Omisis. Hoahonémos= Hoabonoma. Ho’aiath—=Oiaht. Hoak= Hoako. H6-al-kut-whuh= Whilkut. Ho-allo-pi= Walapai. Hoanantum=Nonantum. Hoancuts, Hoan’-kut= Honkut. Hobeckenlopa= Hobeckentopa. Hobonomas= Hoabonoma. Hoc’-bo-a, Hoc’-bo-a wiin-wi= Hosboa. Hochelagenses= Hochelaga. Hochelai, Hochelay= Hochelayi. Ho-chon-chab-ba= Hochonchapa. Hochuagohrah, Hochungara, Hochungarras, Ho- chungohrah= Winnebago. Hock= Hoako. Hockanoanes= Hoccanum. Hockquackanonk, Hockquackonong, Hockqueca- nung, Hockquekanung, Hockquickanon= Aquack- Hocktem= Hoitda. Hococwedoc= Hokokwito. Hoctatas=Oto. Hodash= Khotachi. Ho-dé-no-sau-nee= Iroquois. Ho-de’-san-no-ge-ta= Onondaga. Ho-di-hi-dan’-ne= Pawnee. Ho-di-no"‘-syo"’-ni’, Hodinoysoni—Iroquois. Hoe-Buckin-too-pa= Hobeckentopa. Hoekhocken= Hockhocken. Hoepeekee= Walpi. Hoesh= Penateka. Ho’fnowa= Honowa. Hoganlani= K hoghanhlani. Hogapa’goni= Paiute. Hogelanders= Nochpeem. Hogohegees, Hogoleeges, Hogoleegis, Hogoligis— Hogologes. Hog Range=Sukaispoka. Ho-ha, Hohays, Hohe, Hoheh, Ho-he’-i-o, Hoh-hays= Assiniboin. Hohilpo=Salish. Hohoka=Hooka. Ho-ho-qom=Casa Montezuma, 1062 Hohtatoga= Huhlitaiga. Hoh-tchungh-grahs= Winnebago. Hoh-tin-oah= Hupa. Hoéhu= Hoko. Hoidxnous= Hutsnuwu. Hoindeborto= Hunkpatina. Ho-is= Penateka. Ho-ith-le-ti-gau= Huhlitaiga. Hoithlewalee, Ho-ith-le Waule= Huhliwahli. Ho iv i ma nah’/=Oivimana. Hojome=—Jocomes. Hoka= Hoako. Hokamish=Skokomish. Ho-kan-dik’-ah, Hokan-tikara= Hohandika. Ho-ki-um= Hoquiam. Hok-ok-wi-dok= Hokokwito. Hoko winwii, Ho’-ko wiin-wi=Hoko. Hokwa-imits= Hoquiam. Ho-la-kal= Wilakal. Holatlahoanna= Hotalihuyana. Holbamas=Alibamu. Hol-cu-ma, Ho-len-mahs, Hol-en-nas= Holkoma. Holes= Hoh. Holihtasha=Olitassa. Holilepas, Holil-le-pas, Ho-lil-li-pah=Ololopa. Hol’/-ko-mah= Holkoma. Hol-mie-uhs= Holmiuk. Holodloopis=Ololopa. Hol-6-kom-mah= Holkoma. Hololipi, Hol-6-lu-pai=Ololopa. Holsteinberg= Holstenborg. Holtz Indianer= Whilkut. Ho-lig-ik= Holukhik. Holy Ghost, Mission of the=Shaugawaumikong. Holy Ground=Ikanachaka. Ho-ma= Hotachi. Homalco= Homalko. Homamish=Shomamish. Ho’/-ma"-ha"=Omaha. Homas= Huma. Homa Susa= Homosassa. Ho-mel-ches= Wimilchi. Home-nip-pah= Homnipa. Home-war-roop= Homuarup. Homoloa, Homoloua= Homolua. Honachees= Mono. Honaga‘ni= Khonagani. Ho’/nak= Wharnock. Honan= Honau. Honanduk= Adirondack. Ho-nan-ne-hé-ont=Seneca. Honani, Ho-na-ni-nyi-mi, Honani winwi, Ho-na’ ni wunwu=Honani. Ho-nau= Ke. Honau winwt, Honawuu=Honau. Honepatela band= Hunkpatina. Henctons= Yankton. Honcut=Honkut. Hone’-cha/-da=Chonakera. Honechas= Waco. Honepapas= Hunkpapa. Honepatela Yanctonnais, Hone-ta-par-teen= Hunk- patina. Honey-Eaters=Penateka, Penointikara. Honeyoye= Honeoye. Hongashan, Hon-ga-sha-no= Hangashenu. Hong-Kutchin= Hankutchin. Honigeters=Penateka. Ho-ni’-i-ta-ni-o= Pawnee. Honin nyumu=Honauuh. Honkpapa=Hunkpapa. Hon-mo-yau-cu= Honmoyaushu. Hon-namu=Honau. Honneyayea= Honeoye. Honnontages= Onondaga. Honnonthauans=Seneca. Honontonchionni=[roquois. Honosuguaxtu-wane=Cayuga. Honqueronons, Honquerons= Kichesipirini. Hote’ i-ki/-ka-ra’-tca-da=Chonakera. Hontouaganha—Ontwaganha. Honuyshiniondi=Seneca. Hon’-wiun-wu= Honau. Hooch= Hoh. Hoochawgenah= Winnebago. Hoochenoos, Hoochinoo, Hoodchenoo, Hoodsinoo, Hoodsna-hoos= Hutsnuwu. Hoof Rattle=Woksihitaniu. Hooh= Hoh. HOHTATOG A—HOU-ET-CHUS [B. A. B. Hoo-ish=Penateka. Hookchenoo= Hutsnuwu. Hookchoie=Okchayi. Hook-choie-oo-che, Hookchoiooche=Okchayudshi. Hookluhmic= Lummi. Hoo-ma= Hotachi. Hoomi=Ahome. Hoonah Kow=Huna. Hoonchenoo= Hutsnuwu. Hoone-ahs, Hoone-aks=Huna. Hoo-ne-boo-ly= Hoonebooey. Hooniahs, Hoonid=Huna. Hoonselton, Hoonsolton= Honsading, Hoonyah= Huna. Hoopa, Hoo-pah=Hupa. Hoosatunnuk=Stockbridge. Hooseche, Hoositchi=Osotchi. Hootchooee=Okchayi. Hootsinoo, Hootz-ah-tar-qwan= Hutsnuwu. Hoo-wun’na= Huwanikikarachada. Ho-pah=Hupa. Hope=Sakahl. Ho-pees= Hopi. Hope Indians=Sakahls. Hopetacisa’th=Opitchesaht. Ho-pi’-ci-nu-me= Pueblos. Hopii= Hopi. Ho-pil-po= Hohilpos. Hopishinome= Pueblos. Hopite, Hopiti, Hopituh, Ho-pi-tth-ci-nu-mih, Repo hahaha Ho-pi-tuh-lei-nyu-muh= opi. Hopungieasaw, Hopungiesas= Piankashaw. Hoquium= Hoquiam. Ho-ra-ta-mii-make= Kharatanumanke. Horcaquisacs, Horconcitos, Horcoquisa, Horcoqui- saes= Arkokisa. Hores=Keresan Family. Horheton, Horhetton= Hahatonwanna. Horikans= Horicon. Horltcholetchok= Huchiltchik. Horn House= Kokopki. Horn Mountain Indians= Etechesottine. Horn pueblo= Walpi. Ho-ro-ge, Horoje, Horoji= Winnebago. Horse-path-town= Hlekatchka. Horse Trail=Chihlakonini. Hosboa winwti=Hosboa. Hosett=Ozette. Hosh-que-aht= Hesquiat. Hosler=Takimilding. Hos Ojos Calientes=Ojo Caliente. Hostaqua, Hostaque= Yustaga. Hostler=Takimilding. Hotallehoyarnar= Hotalihuyana. Ho-tan-ke= Winnebago. Hotashin= Mescaleros. Ho-ta’-tci= Hotachi. Ho’tatci= K hotachi. Hotcangara= Winnebago. Hotchon tchapa= Hochonchapa. Hot Creek Indians=Agawesh. Ho-te-day= Kikatsik. Hote-shog-garah, Hote-shung-garah= Winnebago. Hothleawally=Huhliwahli. Hothletega, Hothtetoga— Huhlitaiga. Ho}ji’nesyakov =—Sauk. Hotinnonchiendi, Hotinnonsionni, Hotinonsionni= Iroquois. Hotlimamish=Shotlemamish. Hotoa-niitqiu= Mahohivas. Hoton-ga= Winnebago. Ho-tor’-lee= Hutalgalgi. Hotos= Oto. Hot Spring Apaches= Warm Spring Apache. Hot Spring Valley Indians=Astakiwi. Hottimamish, Hottunamish=Shotlemamish. Hotulgee= Hutalgalgi. Ho-tum-i-ta-ni-o= Hotamitaniu. Ho-tum/-mi’-hu-is=Shungkayuteshni. Houachees= Paiute. Hou a guan=Howkan. Houandates= Huron. Houatoctotas=Oto. Houattoehronon=Sauk. Houebaton= Wahpeton. Houechas= Waco. Houetbatons= Wahpeton. Hou-et-chus=Heuchi. ee eee BULL. 30] Ho-ui-ri= Howiri. Houkan H&iadé=Howkan. Houkpapas= Hunkpapa. Houma= Huma. Hounena=Crows. Hounondate, Hourons= Huron. Housatannuck, Housatonic Indians, Housatonnoc, Houssatonnoe Indians, Houssatunnuck=Stock- bridge. Houstaqua= Yustaga. Houtchis= Yuchi. Houtouagaha= Ontwaganha. How-ach-ees, How-a-chez= Heuchi. How-a-guan= Howkan. Ho-wah=lowa. Howakan= Howkan. Howchees= Heuchi. How-chuck-les-aht, Howchucklus-aht, Howchuk-lis- aht, Howchuklisat=Uchucklesit. Howchungerah= Winnebago. How-ech-ee, How-ech-es= Heuchi. How-ge-chu= Ogeechee. How-ku-ma= Haukoma. How-mox-tox-sow-es= Mandan. How-ru-ma= Haukoma. Howschueselet= Uchucklesit. Howtetech, How-te-te’-oh= Hudedut. Hoystiwitan= Wichita. Ho-ya=Hoyalas. Hrah-hrah-twauns=Chippewa. Huachirrones= Wacharones. Huachuca= Huechuca. Huadibis= Huirivis. Huadji lanas=Skedans. Huaepais= Walapai. Huajicori= Huaxicori. Hualapais, Hualipais, Walapai. Huallpi=Walpi. Hualopais, Hual-paich= Walapai. Hualpais=Colville, Walapai. Hualpas Indians= Walapai. Hual-pé, Hualpec, Hual-pee, Hualpi, Hualpy, Hu- alvi=Walpi. Huanchané, Huanches, Huané— Waco. Huarogio= Varohio. Huashashas= Osage. Huashpa= Washpa. Huashpa Tzena= Huashpatzena. Huasiotos= Oto. Huassavas=Guazavas. Huatanis= Mandan. Huatl-vi= Walpi. Huatoctas= Oto. Hubales, Hubates, Hubites=Tano. Huc-aritz-pa=Arizpe. Huch= Hoh. Huch-oo-la-chook-vaché—Casa Montezuma. Huchun=Uchium. Huc-klic=Nun. Hudcoadamas, doma. Hueco= Waco. Hue-la-muh=Cowichan. Hue-lang-uh=Songish. Huepaca= Huepac. Huerachic=Guerachic. Hueso Parrado=Hueso Parado. Hu-e’-ya=Khuya. Hue-yang-uh=Clallam. Hi’-hlo= Hlahloalgi. Huy’tanya= Winnebago. Huichites= Wichita. Huila= Huilacatlan. Huinihkacita= Hanginihkashina. Hu i/niyk ‘acin’a— Huinihkashina, Hu inikaciya= Huinikashika. Huinirren= Huinyirren. Huiris=Huirivis. Huis van Montezuma=Casa Grande. Huitcole= Huichol. Huixapa= Hunxapa. Huk=Hoako. Huk-tyr—Ocotan. Hukwats=Mohave, Yuma. Hu-la-napo= Kuhlanapo. Hulapais—Walapai. Ha‘li Wa’hli= Huhliwahli. Huallapais, Huallopi— Hudcoadan, Hudcoadanes=Alche- HO-UI-RI—HY AQUEZ 1063 Hull-loo-el-lell, Hullooellell, Hul-loo-et-tell, Hul- lu-et-tell= Hullooetell. Hulpunes= K hulpuni. Hultulkakut=Kutul. Hu-ma-kam=Tepecano. Hu-méa-li-wu= Malahue. Hum-a-luh=Cowichan, Skagit. Humanas, Humanas de Tompires, Tompiros, Humanos=Tawehash. Humas= Muskhogean Family, Tawehash. Humasko=Creeks. Hu-mat-kam=Tepecano. Hu-ma/-whi= Humahwi. Humbolt Bay Indians= Wishosk. Humenthi= Munsee. Humo= Cops. Hump-tu-lups= Humptulips. Humros= Huna. Humunas de Tompires=Tawehash. Huna=Gaudekan. Huna cow, Huna-kon= Huna. Hu-na-mtirp=Hunawurp. Hunga= Hanga. Hing-ga ni-ka-shing-ga— Hangatanga. Hungo Parie, Hungo Pavia, Hungo Pavie=Hungo- pavi. Hun-go-tin’-ga= Hangatanga. Hun-guh= Hanga. Hunkappas=Hunkpapa. Hun-ka-sis-ket= Nsisket. Hun-koo-chin= Hankutchin. Hunkpa-te-dans= Hunkpapa. Hunkpatee, Hunkpati, Hunkpatidan, Hunkplatin= Hunkpatina. Hin-kqwi’-tik= Hunkkhwitik. Hun-Kutchin= Hankutchin. Huynku waniéa, Hinku-wanitca=Hunkuwanicha. Hunnas= Huna. Hun’-sa-tung= Honsading. Huyska-cantozuha, Hiska-tca tojuha = Hunska- chantozhuha. Hunters= Etagottine. Hunyo Pavie=Hungopavi. Huokarawaceks=Cuscarawaoc. Huphale= Eufaula. Hupi= Hopi. Hupo=Hupa. Hurall=Harahey. Hures=Ures. Hurones, Huronnes= Huron. Hurricane Toms=Tom’s Town. Hurripacuxi, Hurriparacussi= Tocobaga. Hurrons= Huron. Hu’sajya= Hangkaahutun, Husadta. Hii’sajya Want”’/= Husadtawanun. Hu-sha-sha band= Wahpekute. Huskchanoes= Conestoga. Huskemaw= Eskimo. Huskhuskeys= Kaskaskia. Huskoni= Hushkoni. Husky= Eskimo. Huspoa= Hosboa. Hussanamesit= Hassanamesit. Hussleakatna= Hussliakatna. Hu’-tab Pa-da-nin= Pawnee. Hu-ta’-ci= Lipan. Huta-Napo= Kuhlanapo. Hutanga= Kansa. Hu’-tan-ya= Winnebago. Hutdashi=Tsiltaden. Hutchistanet= Onondaga. Hutepa= Papago. Hut-tat-ch’l= Hutatchl. Hutuk= Hutucgna. Hiuka=Hooka. Hu-imii= Omaha. Hu/-wi wun-wu=Huwi. Hixul=Lipan. Huzaas= Osage. Huz-zau, Huz-zaws—Osage. Hvattoehronon=Sauk. Hwalapai=Walapai. Hwat-es’ =Hwades. Hweghkongh=Gweghkongh. Hwot-es=H wades. Hyacks=Eyak. Hyanaes=Cummaquid. Hyaquez, Hyaquin, Hyaquis= Yaqui. Humanas de 1064 Hydahs=Chimmesyan Family, Haida Skitta- getan Family, Salishan Family. Hyder= Haida. Hyem Tu-ay=Puretuay. Hyeroquodame=Terocodame. Hyo-hai-ka=Skidegate. Hy6-qua-hoon= Pecos, Hyroquoise, Hyroquoyse= Iroquois. Hyscanis= Yscani. Hyshalla=Kitamat. Iaakema= Yakima. Ia/an= Yan. Iacona=Jacona. Iacovane= Yojuane. I-4’/cu-we tene’=Chemetunne. IagrEn= Hlielung. 1-a/-kar=Ietan. akim= Yaqui. Ldkima= Yakima. ta’/k’o= Yaku. TIakon= Yaquina. Tamacgos= Yamasee. Iano=Hano. T’-an-to’-an=Jatonabine. Iapies= Hapes. Tasi¢a= Farmers’ band. T-at= Mohave. Tata-go= Ute. Iatan=Ietan. Iawai=Iowa. TIawani= Yowani. Iawas, Iaway=lowa. Ibate‘é=Ibache. TIbequi= Yaqui. Ibetap okla chitto—Ebita Poocola Chitto. Ibetap okla iskitini= Ebita Poocola Skatane Ibitachka=Ivitachuco. Ibitoopas=Ibitoupa. Ica=Ika. I-ca=Isha. Icanderago, Icanderagoes=Teatontaloga. Icarilla Apaches=Jicarilla. Icasque=Casqui. Icbewas=Chippewa. Icca=Incha. Iccarilla—Jicarilla. Iccu-jeune= Mimbrenos. Iece=Nukhe, Wazhazhe. Icharilla=—Jicarilla. Ic’-ha-she= Kanze. Ichiaha=Chiaha, Ichiti= Hitchiti. = I/-chu-ar’-rum-pats= Ichuarumpats. Iciaha=Chiaha. Icogmute=Ikogmiut. Icora= Yecora. Ictans=Ietan. Ictaque tci diba=Ishtakhechiduba. Ictasanda= Inshtasanda. Ictunga=Ishtunga, Idahi=Comanche. Ida-ka-ridke=Idakarawakaha. Idats’e= Kanse. Id-do-a= Kikatsik. Iden-noo= Eidenu. &T/djao= Edjao. Aijecttuadtuin, Idjorituaxtiun=Idjorituaktuin. d alloo=Ikalu. I-do-ka-rai-uke=Idakariuke. Ieanausteaiae= Teanaustayae. Ieaogo= Tioga. I-eh-nus= Yennis. TIeki¢ge=ITekidhe. Telan=Ietan. Iten= Rirak. Ienecu=Senecti del Sur. I-e’-nis= Yennis. Ieska¢inéa=Ieskachincha. Ie-ska-pi=Jatonabine. Ieska-tcintca=Ieskachincha. Ietam=Ietan. Ietan= Ute. Ietanes, Ietans—Ietan. If-terram=Iift. Igagmjut=Igak. - Igauik, Igawik=Iguik. Igdlopait=Igdlerpait. Igdlulik=Iglulik. HY DAHS—ILICOS Igdlumiut=Iglulik, Tahagmiut. Ighelkostlende= Katagkak. Ighiakchaghamiut= Agiukchuk. Igiagagamute, Igiagamute—Igiak. Igihua-a= Apache. Igiogagamut=Igiak. Igita=Etah. Igivachochamiut=Igivachok. Iglaka-teqila=Iglakatekhila. Igloodahominy=Igludahoming. Igloolik, Igloolip=Iglulik. Igludua’/hsuin=Igluduasuin. TIglulingmiut=Iglulirmiut. Iglu-miut=Tahagmiut. Ignanine= Imnongana. Ignerhonons, Ignierhonons= Mohawk. Ignituk=Iknetuk. Ignokhatskomute=Ignok. Igognak, Igonok= Eider. Igragamiut=Igiak. Igtigalik—Iktigalik. Iguaces= Yguases. Iguanas=Iguanes. Iguases= Yguases. Igushel=Igushik. Iha-ca=Ihasha. Iha’gtawa Katayka, Ihanketwans, Thank’ta™wi", Thanktonwan= Yankton. Thanktonwanna, Ihanktonwanna Dakotas, Ihank- tonwannas= Yanktonai. Ihanktonwans, Ihanktonwe= Yankton. Ihan-k’-tow-wan-nan, tonai. Thank’ -t’wans= Yankton. Iha-sa=Ihasha. Ihauk-to-wa-na, Ihauk-t’ wan-ahs= Yanktonai. Ihauk-t’wans= Yankton. I‘hl-déné= Navaho. Ihnek= Amaikiara. Thon-a-Does= Juniata. Thonattiria=Ihonatiria. Ihoway=Iowa. Ih-p6-se-ma=Ipoksimaiks. Ticarrillas=Jicarilla. Ika= Aika. Ikaklagmute=Ikatlek. Ikaligvigmiut, Ikaligwigmjut—Chinik. Ikalinkmiut, Ikaliukha, Ikal-ukha=Ekilik. Ikanafaskalgi=Seminole. Ikanatchaka=Ikanachaka. Ikaniuksalgi=Seminole. Ikan’-tchati= Kanchati. I-ka-nuck=Ikaruck. I’-ka-di’ = Kickapoo. Ikarik= Wichita. Ikarlo=Ikalu. Ikatlegomut, Ikatlegomute=Ikatlek. Ikechipouta=Ikachiocata. Ikekik= Kiktaguk. Ikhiak= Eyak. Ikikiktock= Kiktaguk. Ik-khagmute=Ikak. Ik-kil-lin= Kutchakutchin. Iko-agmiut=Chnagmiut, Ikoghmiout, Ikogmjut, Ikogmut, Ikogmute—Ikog- miut. Tkoklag/mut=Ikatlek. Ikouera= Koroa. Iktigalk=Igtigalik. Ikuagmiut=Chnagmiut. Ikuagmjut=Ikogmiut. Ikuak=Chnagmiut. Tkutchlok= Kutchlok. Ikvagmutes= Magemiut. Ikvogmutes=Ikogmiut. Ikwanek=Shanamkarak. Mamatt= Klamath. Tlaoquatsh=Clayoquot. Tlatamaa=Altamaha. Tta’xluit=Tlakluit. Iidefonso=San Ildefonso. Tlesta=Isleta del Sur. Tlet=Isleta. Tletsuck=Bellabella. Ilgat=Chehalis. C Iighi/mi=Bellacoola. Ilgonquines= Nipissing. Tlicos= Anilco. ; [B. A. B. Thank’-t’wan-ahs = Yank- BULL. 30] Tlimouek, Iliné, Ilinese, Ilinesen, Ilinioiiek, Ilinois, Tlinowets, Ilinowetz, Ilionois=I]linois. Tliutagamute=Iliutak. Ijljuljuk—Tliuliuk. flone!s, Illenonecks, Illicoueck, Illimouec, Illi- nese, Illinesen, Il-li-ni, Illiniens, Illiniwek, Ili- noias= Illinois. Illinois Creek=Chasta, Salwahka. Illinois Valley (band)=Salwahka. Illinoix, Illinonecks, Illinoneeks, Tllinois. Ilmawees=I]mawi. Illonese, Illonois=IIlinois. Tlloolook=TIliuliuk. Illth-cah-get-la=Skidegate. Tlluidlek=TIluilek. Illuni= Tl linois. Tl’sé¢l-ca-wai’-a-mé=I lsethlthawaiame. Iltenleiden=Intenleiden. Iltte-kai-mamits=Ithkyemamits. Ilwans= Etiwaw. Tlyamna=Iliamna. Ilyamna people= Knaiakhotana. I’ma=Quapaw. Imach-leet=Imaklimiut. Imagnak, Imagninskoe=Imagnee. Imaham=Imaha. Imahans=Quapaw. Imahao, Imahaus=Imaha. Imakleet, Imaklitgmut=Imaklimiut. Imangen=Imnongana. Immaculate Conception=Concepcion, Ihonatiria, Ossossane. Immaculée Conception de Notre Dame aux Illinois= Immaculate Conception. Im-mook-fau=Imukifa. Imnagen=Imnongana. - As Seammeambena Imokategokhshuk=Imoktegok- shuk, Imoklasha Iskitini=Imongalasha Skatane, Imoris=Imnuris. Imtelleiden=Intenleiden. I/mtun=Intuk. Imuanak=Imnongana. Imuklasha=Imongalasha. Imures, Imurez, Imuri, Imuriz=Imuris. I/-na-cpé= Nez Percés. I-na-ha-o-win=Inyanhaoin. Inajalayehua=Majalayghua. Inalugmiut=Inguklimiut, Imaklimiut. Inapaw=Quapaw. In-as-petsum= Nespelim. Inatahin = Mescaleros. Inay=Hainai. In-breeders= Waglukhe. Inchulukhlaites=Inkalich. Inda—Comanche. Indaochaie=Lichtenau. Inda Tsa’-an= Kiowa Apache. Inde= Apache. Indian Oldtown=Oldtown. Indians of the Long Reach= Wappinger. Indians of the Lower Kootenay= Lower Kutenai. Indian Wells=Kavinish. Indiens Cuivres=Tatsanottine. Indiens du Sang=Kainah. Indiens-Loups=Skidi. Indiens-Pierre= Assiniboin. Indiens Serpents=Shoshoni. Indilche-Dentiene= Indelchidnti. Indio= Paltewat. Indios Manzos= Pueblos. Ineja=Inyaha. In'é-waqube-a¢i>= Inewakhubeadhin. Ingahameh, Ingahamiut=Ingahame. Ingaleek, Ingleet, Ingalete, Ing’aliki—Ingalik. Ingaliks= Kaiyuhkhotana. Ingalit=Ingalik. Ingge-jide= Ingdhezhide. Ingechuk=Chnagmiut. Ingekasagmi=Ignok, Ingalik. Ingeletes=Ingalik. Ingeramut=Inger. Ing-gera-je-da= Ingdhezhide. Ingichuk=Chnagmiut. Inglutal/igemut=Inglutaligemiut. Ingrakaghamiut=Ingrakak. In-gra’-zhe-da= Ingdhezhide. Ing-th-kli-mut=Inguklimiut. Illinouecks= ILIMOUEK—IRON-CLOUD 1065 Ing-wé-pi’-ra"-di-vi-he-ma"= Keresan Family. Ini= Hainai. Inicanopa=Pilaklikaha. Inics, Inies= Hainai. Ininyu-we-u=Cree, Inipoi= Anepo. Injaya=Inyaha. Inkalichljuaten=Inkalich. In-kal-ik=Ingalik, Kaiyuhkhotana. Inkalite=Ingalik. Inkaliten=Ingalik, Kaiyuhkhotana, miut, Magemiut. Inkasaba=Inkesabe. Inygin’kaoin’ya=Inkdhunkashinka, Inkilik, Inkiliken=Ingalik. Inkilikeu= Kaiyuhkhotana. Inkilik Ingelnut=Jugelnute. Ink-ka’/-sa-ba=Inkesabe. Ink-pa-du-ta[’s band], Ink-pah-doo-ta band=Wam- disapa’s Band. Inkpatonwan=Inkpa. Inkuluchluaten, Inkulukhlaites, Inkalich. Innatchas= Natchez. In-neck= Amaikiara. Innies= Hainai. In-ninyu-wuk=Cree. Innoit= Eskimo. Innondadese=Tionontati. Innu, Innuees, Innuit= Eskimo. Innuit= Esquimauan Family. Inocanopy= Pilaklikaha. Inoschujochen=Inoschuochn, Inparavi=Shipaulovi. Inpaton=Inkpa. Inquoi= Iroquois. Inshaunshagota= Yoroonwago. In’shin= Konkau. Insiachamiut=Insiachak. Inside Fat= Kakapoya. In-spellum= Nespelim. Insular=Salishan Family. Inta= Ute. Injaqpupcee’=Intapupshe. Ie’-tei=Inchi. In-tem-peach-es, In-tim-peach, In-tim-peches=In- timbich. Intsi Dindjick= Ahtena. Intsi-Dindjitch= Koyukukhotana. In-tuch-cul-gau=Intatchkalgi. Intujen-né= Faraon. Inugleet=Inguklimiut. Inuin, Inuit= Eskimo. I-nuks’-iks=Inuksiks. Iniina-ina= Arapaho. Inverted (Society)=Himoiyoqis. Inyay-h-oiy=Inyanhaoin. Inya"-tceyaka-ato"wa»"=Inyancheyakaatonwan. Ieya"to"wa»—Jatonabine. Invavape= Yavapai. Toewaig=lowa. Togopani, Iogopapi=Shongopovi. Iohn-a-Does=Juniata. Iojuan= Yojuane. Iola=Jore. Iondes, Ionees, I-on-i, Ionias, Ionies= Hainai. Ionontady-Hagas=Tionontati. Totan=Ietan. Tottecas=Juniata. Iowanes= Yowani. Iowaulkeno=Tawakoni. Ioway=lowa. Ipande, Ipandi=Lipan. Ipataraguites=Tawehash. I-pe-re=San Lazaro. Ipiutelling, Ipnitelling=Idiutelline Ipoilqg=Sanpoil. Ipupukhmam= Medilding. L-qger-qa-mut’=Ikherkhamut. Iquahsinawmish=Squaxon. Trans village=Tenankutchin. Iraqua Indians=Elwha. Irecoies, Irequois= Iroquois. Trinions=I[]linois. Iripegouans= Winnebago. Triquoi=Troquois. Irkpeléit= Athapascan Family, Kutchin. Trocois, Irocquois, Irognas, Irokesen= Iroquois. Iron-Cloud= Makhpiyamaza. Kusk wog- Inkuluklaities= 1066 Ironeyes, Ironies= Hainai. Tronois= Iroquois. Iroondocks= Adirondack. Iroquaes, Iroque, Iroquese, Iroquoi= Iroquois. Iroquois d’enbas= Mohawk. Iroquois du Sault=Caughnawaga. Iroquois inferieurs= Mohawk. Iroquois of the Sault=Caughnawaga. Iroquos, Irriquois=Iroquois. Irrironnons, Irrironons= Erie. Irrohatock= Arrohattoc. Irroquois, Irroquoys= Iroquois. Iruaitsu, I’/ruwai=Iruwaitsu. Is= Ais. Isaacs= Kwik. Isallanic race=Cherokee. Isalleet=Silela. Isalwalken=Isalwakten. Isamishs=Samish. Isammuck=Isamuck. Isanati=Santee. Isanisks=Sanetch. Isanti, Isantie Dakotas, Isanties, I-san’-tis, Isan- titon, Isanyate, Isanyati=Santee. I-sa-po-a=Crows. IsaShbaliatsé=Sarsi. Isatis=Santee. Isa-ttiné=Tsattine. Isaunties=Santee. -sau-th wiin-wui, Isauu winwi=Ishauu. Iscanis= Yscanis. Ischua= Geneseo. Isconis= Yscanis. Iselle=Isleta del Sur. Iseta=Isleta. Is-fa-nil’-ke=Isfanalgi. fsh, I-sha-hue=Ishauu. Ishango= Brule. Ishawu, Ishawuu=Ishauu. . Ish-da’-sun-da= Inshtasanda. Ish-e-pish-e= Ishipishi. Ishguaget=Ishgua. Ishisageck Roanu= Missisauga. Ish-poan-ee= Ishpani. Ish-ta-sun’-da=Inshtasanda. Ish-te-pit’/-e=Siksika. Ishti semoli=Seminole. Ish’/to-hano=Ishtowa. Isimpshean= Tsimshian. Isipopolames= Espopolames. I’sium-ita/niuw’= Hisiometaniu. Is-ksi/-na-tup-i= Esksinaitupiks. Isla=Isleta del Sur. Island Innuit=Okiogmiut. Isle aux Noix=Illinois. Isle-de-Peins, Isle-de-peiree, kiuse. Isle de Saincte Marie.= Ekaentoton. Islella=Isleta. Isle of St. John’s= Micmac. Isle-river Indians= Eel River Indians. Isletabuh=Isleta. Isleta del Paso, Isleta del Passo—Isleta del Sur. Isletans=Isleta. Isleta of the South=Isleta del Sur. Isletenos, Isletta=Isleta, Isleta del Sur. Islinois=I]linois. Isoletta=Isleta. Isonisks=Songish. I-sonsh’-pu-she=Cheyenne. Isowasson=Sewathen. Ispa= Arizpe. Ispani=Ishpani. Ispatingh= Hespatingh. Is-po-co-gee, Ispok6gi=Tukabatchi. Isquahala=Skaialo. Issa=Catawba. Issanti=Santee. Issappo’=Crows. Issaqui, Issaquy=Santee. Issati= Assiniboin, Santee. Issatie, Issatrians= Santee. Isshe-pishe-rah= Ishipishi. Issi-Chupicha, Issi-Schupischa—Siksika. Istanare= Ustanali. Istasunda=Inshtasanda. Isti simanole=Seminole. Istudschi laika=Istudshilaika. Iroqueze, Iroquiese, Isle-de-Pierre=Sin- IRONEY ES—J ACON [B. A. B. Isty-semole=Seminole. I'sti/nigi=Seneca. I-tach-ee, Itaches=Iticha. Ita-Eskimos= Ita. Itahatski= Dakota. Itah-Ischipahji=Cheyenne. Itahzipchois=Sans Arcs. Ita-Iddi= Arapaho. i-T4-ina-ma=Taos. Italisi=Talasse. Itdlua fatcha-sigo, Itdlua ispokogi—Tukabatchi. Italua ‘ldko= Apalachicola. Itamamiou=Itamameou. Itami, Itaner, Itanese=Ita. It-anse-po-pe—Cheyenne, It-ans-ké= Dakota. I-ta-su-pu-zi=Cheyenne. I’tawa’/= Etowah. Itazipchos, Itazipéo, Itazipcoes, Itazipko=Sans Arcs. Itaziptco-qtca=Itazipcho. Itchali= Kutchakutchin. Itchi-mehueves=Chemehuevi. It-chit-a-bud-ah= Ditsakana. Itean=Ietan. I-te-che, I-tech-ees=Iticha. Ite-citea=Iteshicha. Ite-citca-etatha"=Iteshichaetanhan. Ite gu=Iteghu. Iterlé’hsoa=Iterlesoa. Ite-sica=Iteshicha. Ite si¢éa etannhan =Iteshichaaetanhan. Ite-xu=Iteghu. Itha=Yta. Ithalé téni= Mishikhwutmetunne, It-kagh-lie, It-ka-lya-ruin, It-ka-lyi, Itkpélit, Itkpé- léit, Itka@’dlin=Kutchakutchin. Itoaten=Tautin. I-to-ches=Iticha. Itokak tina, Itokaq-tina—Itokakhtina. Itsa/ti=Echota. I-tsa’-ti=Santee. Itsisihisa, I tsi si pi Sa=Siksika. Ittawans=Etiwaw. It-t’hagi—Sichomovi. Ittibloo, Ittiblu, Ittiblu-Netlik—Itibleng. Ituchas=Iticha. It-us-shé-na=Cheyenne. Itynai=Athapascan Family. It-zé-su-pe-sha—Siksika. Luka téné= Yukichetunne. I-uke-spi-ule= Aigspaluma. Tulukiak=Tuluksak. Iimanas, Iumanes, Iumanos='l'awehash. Iumbucanis= Yubuincariri. T-um-0-otam=Comeya. IT-u/-ni=Calapooya. Iuragen= Tioga. Ivan’s barrabora=Ivan. Ivap’i= Karok. I vists tsi nih’ pah= Heviqsnipahis. Ivitachma, Ivitachua, Ivi-ta-chuco, , Ivitachuco. Iwanies= Yowani. Iwikties= Miami. Iwillichs, Iwillie, Iwillik= Aivilik. Ixcanis= Yscanis. Iyakha= Yangna. Iyakhba, lyakhwa=Iowa. I-ya-kin= Walpi. Iyanabi= Ayanabi. Iyich=Tyigh. Iyiniwok=Cree. L-yiss=Iyis. Iyuhba=Iowa. Iyutagjen-né— Navaho. Izacanis= Yscanis. Izaty=Santee. Ivitanoa= Jaakema= Yakima. Jaba=—Jova. Jabesua= Hayasupai. | Jacarilla Apaches, Jacarrilla Apaches=Jicarilla. Jacdoas=J udosa. | Jacobs-haven=Jakobshayn. Jacoma=Gupa. Jacome, Jacomis=Jocomes. | Jacon= Yaquina. BULL. 30] Jacopin=Gupa. Jacum= Yacum. Jaega—Jeaga. : Jaguallapai, Jagullapai, Jaguyapay=Walapai. Jahuicu= Hawikuh. Jaibanipitca—Gaibanipitea. Jakechedunes= Alchedoma. Jake’s people= Niletunne. Jakhuthath=Yakutat. Jakis=Sauk. Jakon= Yaquina. Jakou= Yazoo. Jakutat, Jakutat-kon= Yakutat. Jalchedon, Jalchedum, Jalchedunes= Alchedoma. Jallaguapais= Walapai. Jallicuamai, Jallicuamay, Jallicumay, mai, Jalliquamay=Quigyuma. Jamaica=Jameco. Jamajabas, Jamajabs, Jamajas, Jamalas= Mohave. Jamasees= Yamasec. Jambujos=Cambujos. James=Jemez. James Boy= Hlaphlako. Jamestown= Huiauulte. Jamez=Jemez. Jamos=Janos. Jaraja nikaci*ga= Yankton. Janaya= Hanaya. Jancae=Tonkawa. Janequeile—Serranos. Janeros=Janos. Jatha-yagicas— Zhanhadtadhishan. Ja»-i/tci= Zhanichi. Jano= Hano. Janogualpa= Hano, Walpi. Jantonnais, Jantonnees, Jantonnois= Yanktonai. Jantons, Jantous= Yankton. Ja"-waqube-agi"= Zhanhadtadhishan. Jaomeme= Ahome. Jaos=Taos. Japiam= Yapiam. Japiel=Japul. Japies= Hapes. Japui=Japul. Jaqualapai, Jaquallapai—Walapai. Jarame, Jarames=Xarame. Jaranames=Aranama. Jarosoma=Apache. Jarquin=Karkin. Jascag, Jascage, Jaskegis, Jaskigis—Tuskegee. Jason= Yazoo. Jasquijis=Tuskegee. Jatapaina=Pima. Jatche-thin-juwuc= Yatcheethinyoowue. Jaupin= Weapemeoc. Java Supais, Javeusa= Havyasupai. Jawé nikaciya=Zhawenikashika. Jeapes=Hapes. Jece= Ais. Jecorilla—Jicarilla. Jecualme=Tecualme. Jecuches, Jecuéche, Jecuiches—Kawia. Jedacne=—Jedakne. Jediuk=Shediac. Je-g6-sa-saa— Neuter. Jehuas=Tewa. Jelish=Salishan Family. Jemaco=Jameco. Jemas, Jemes, Jemex, Jemmes, Jemos—Jemez. Jendestake= Yendestake. Jeneckaws=Seneca. Jeneeu=Senecii del Sur. Jenegueches, Jeneguechi, Jenequiches—Serranos. Jenies=Jemez. Jenigueche, Jenigueich, Jenigueih, Jeniguich—Ser- ranos. Jennessee= Geneseo. Jenondades=Tionontati. Jenondages= Onondaga. Jenondathese= Tionontati. Jenontowanos=Seneca. Jenundadees=Tionontati. Jequiches= Kawia. Jerez=Keresan Family. Jermz=Jemez. Jernaistes—Caughnawaga. Jesus Carichic=Carichic. Jesus del Monte de Tutuaca—Tutuaca. Jesus Maria Basani=Bisani. Jalliqua- JACOPIN—KABASA 1067 Jetam, Jetans—Ietan. Jettipehika=Chubkwichalobi. Jeune Lorette=Lorette. Jeures=—Jemez. Jibewas=Chippewa. Jicaras, Jicarello Apaches, Jicarila Apache, Jica- rilla Apaches, Jicarilleros, Jicarillos, Jicarrilla Apaches, Jiccarilla Apache, Jickorie, Jicorilla, Jicorilla Apaches=Jicarilla. Jim Boy’s= Hlaphlako. Jimena=Galisteo. Jimenez=Jemez. J. Jose’ Ramos Ayodsudao=— Basotutcan. ‘ Jlacus=J laacs. | Joara=Cheraw. Joba, Jobal, Jobales=Jova. Jobiscauga=Sibagna. Joco=Toquo. | Jocomeos, Jocomis—Jocomes. Johnadoes=J uniata. John Days, John Day’s river=John Day. Eo nepriemieke uane. Jollillepas=Ololopa. Jonatas=Ionata. Jongoapi, Jongopabi, Jongopai, vapi=Shongopovi. Jonies= Hainai. Jon-joncali=Shongopovi. Jonkta=Chankute. Jonondese, Jonondeseh=Jonondes. Jonontadynago= Tionontati. Joree=—Jore. Joshua, Joshuts=Chemetunne. Josimnin= K hosimnin. Joskagi= Tuskegee. Joso= Hopi. Jo-so-ge= Abiquiu. Jotans=Ietan. Jongopavi, Jong- | Jougopavi=Shumopavi. | Joukiousmé, Jouskiousme=Jukiusme. Jowai, Jowas, Joways=Ilowa. Joya=La Joya. Joyl-ra-ua=Opata. Joyvan= Yojuane. Jsleta=Isleta. Juacanas, Juacano—Tawakoni. Judlati= A tfalati. Jual-pi= Walpi. Juan Quivira=Tabira. Juchium=Uchium. Jugelnuten, Jugelnuts—Jugelnute. Ju-i=Penateka. Jujubit=Juyubit. | Juke-yunke= Yugeuingge. Julimenos= Hulimenos. Jumana=Tawehash. Jumancas= Pueblo de los Jumanos. Jumanes, Jumano, Jumanoes, Jumanos=Tawehash. Jumas=Tawehash, Yuma. Jumbuicrariri= Yubuincariri. Jume, Jumees= Hume. Jumez=Jemez. Jumpers=Chippewa. Jum-pys= Yavapai. Junachotana= Unakhotana. Juneau= Tsantikihin. Juneauta=Juniata. Junétre=Tajique. Juni= Zuni. Juniagacori= Tumacacori. Juniguis=Serranos. Junnakachotana= K oyukhotana, Unakhotana. Juparivi=Shipaulovi. Jupes=Ditsakana. Jupibit= Juyubit Jurame= Xarame. Juranames= Aranames. Juskwaugume= Nipissing. Jut joat—Ute. Jyuo-tyu-te Oj-ke=San Juan. Ka-acks= Kake. Kaadg ett ee, Kaady-ett-ee— Katcadi. Ka-ah= Kau. Ka’-ai=Konglo. Ka Anjou, Ka Anzou= Kansa. Kaapo=Tuerto. Kaas-ka-qua-tee= Kaskakoedi Kabasa= Kabahseh. 1068 Ka-bi-na-pek= Khabenapo. Kabu Juacama=Santa Maria Magdalena. Kach-als-ap= Lakkulzap. Kachanuage, Kachanuge=Caughnawaga. Ka-che-kone-a-we’-so-uk= Ketchigumiwisuwugi. Kachiriodagon= Buckaloon. Kachkachkia, Kachkaska= Kaskaskia. Kachnauage, Kachnawarage= Kachnawaacharege. Kachnuage= Caughnawaga. Ka-cho-’dtinné= Kawchodinne. Kachuidagon= Buckaloon. Kachutok= Kashutuk. Kacistas= Kasihta. Kackapoes= Kickapoo. Kack!e qgoan=Kashkekoan, Ka-clas-ko= Wasco. Kacouchakhi= Piekouagami. K’ ac-ta’-ta= Kashtata. Kac-to’k= Kashtok. Kac-ti=Kashtu. Kada-Kaaman, Kadakaamang=San Ignacio de Kadakaman. Kadapau, Kadapaw=Catawba. K’adas k‘é/owai= Kadusgo-kegawai. Kaddepaw, Kaddipeaw=Catawba. Kaddo= Kadohadacho. Kadewabedas= Broken Tooth. Ka/-di= Kadohadacho. Kadiagmuts=Kaniagmiut. Kadiak= Kodiak. Ka/diko=Tonkawa. Kadjacken= Kaniagmiut. Kadjakians= Kangmaligmiut. Kado, Kadodakio, Kadodakiou, Kadodaquiou= Kado- hadacho. Kadit-wot-kedi= Hlukahadi. Kaénna= Kainah. Kaénsatague=Canadasaga. Kaéso=Carrizos. Kaetage, Ka-e-ta-je— Kein. Kaeyah-Khatana= Kaiyuhkhotana. Kagagi= Kakake. Kagataya= Aleut. Kagerssauk= Kagsersuak. Kaghenewage’, Kaghnawage, Kaghnuwage’, Kagna- wage=Caughnawaga. Kagnewagrage= Kachnawaacharege. Kagokhakat= Kagokakat. Kagontan= Kagwantan. Kagouse= Cayuse. Kaguiak= Kaguyak. Kagan’ yi=Crow Town. K’agyalské’/owai= Kagials-kegawai. Kah=Kansa. Kah-cho-tinne= Kawchodinne. Ka-he’-ta-ni-o= K hahitan. Kahgallegak=Kialegak. Kah he kwa ke= Kayehkwarageh. Kahhendohhon= Kahendohon. Kahinoa=Cahinnio. Kahk-ah-mah-tsis= Hahamatses. Kah ken doh hon= Kahendohon. Kah-Kwah= Erie. Kahlechtenskoi= Kalekhta. Kah-lis-pelm= Kalispel. Kahltog=Kaltag. Kahlukhtughamiut=Kaluktuk. Kahmi-atonway=Kakhmiatonwan. Kahmish=Samish. , Kahna=Kainah. Ka’ hnawage=Caughnawaga. Kahnonwolohale, Kahnowolohale=Ganowarohare. Kahnuages=Caughnawaga. Kahn-yak=Cooniac. Ka-h‘o’= Kaughii. Kahokias=Cahokia. Kahontayo>= Kendaia. Kahoquias= Cahokia. Ka’hpagi= Quapaw. Kah-po=Santa Clara. Kah-po-sia, Kahpozhah, Kahpozhay=Kapozha. Kahquas= Erie. Kahruk= Karok. Kah-tee-pee-rah= Katipiara. Kahtetl= Medilding. Ka-hua-i-ko= Laguna. Kahuilla= Kawia. Kahuncle, Kahunkle= Kauhtk. Kahvichpaks= Unakhotana. KA-BI-NA-PEK—K AK WOK | Kahweahs, Kahweaks, [B. A. B. Kah-we-as=Kawia. Kah-we-ok’-ki-oong= Kowasikka. Kahweyahs=Kawia. Kah-wis/-sah= Kawaiisu. Kaiaganies= Kaigani. Kaiaiak= Kaguyak. Kaialigamut, Kai-a lig-mut= Kaialigmiut. Kaialigumiut=Kaialik. Kai-a-tee=Coyatee. K‘ai’atl la’/nas=Kaiahl-lanas. Kaiawas= Kiowa. Kaiayakak= Kaguyak. Kai-bab-bit, Kaibabits= Kaibab. Kai-¢ine, Kdidine‘= Kai. Ka’i-e= Kau. Kai-e-na= Kainah. Kaigan= Kaigani. Ka/igwi= Kiowa. Ka-ih= Kein. Kai’ipa=Santa Clara. Kai-it-ko-ki-ki-naks= Ahkaiyikokakiniks. Kaijous= Cayuse. Kailtas=Tlelding. Kailwigamiut= Kaialik. Kaimeé, Kai’-na— Kainah. Kainama, Kai-na-méah, Kai-na-mé-ro—Gallinomero Kai’nau= Kainah. Kainhkhotana= Kaiyuhkhotana. Kaine’-koon= Kainah. Kai-no-méahs=Gallinomero. Kaiossuit= Karusuit. Kaioutais= Kawita. Kaiowan, Kai-6-was, Kaiowé= Kiowa. Kai’p’a=Santa Clara. Kai-petl= Kepel. Kai-Po-mo= Kato. Kairaikome= Laguna. Kaishun= Kaisun, Skaito. Kaispa= Dakota. Kaiswun Haadé= Kaisun. Kai-tana= Knaiakhotana. Ka-ite= Panamint. Kait-ka=Calapooya. Kaitlen= K wantlen. Kaitze= Katsey. Kaivavwit= Kaibab. Kaiviat-am=Serranos. Kai-vwav-uai Nu-ints= Kaibab. Kai-wa= Kiowa. Kaiwdika=Laguna. Kai-wane’= Kiowa. Kai-yo= Koiyo. Kaiyuhkatana, Kaiyuk/a-kho-tan’a, tana= Kaiyuhkhotana. Kai’-yi-wun-ts’t-nitt’cai= Kaiyuwuntsunitthai. Kajatschim= Kaiachim. Kaji=Kichai. Kajingahaga= Mohawk. Kaj-kai=San Juan. Kakagokhakat= Kagokakat. Ka-kaik= Kakake. Ka-ka/-i-thi=Salish. Ka-kaitl= Kaquaith. Ka-ka-kwis’-so-uk= Kagakwisuwug. Kakamatsis= Hahamatses. Ka-kan= Kakhan. Kakaskigi, Kakasky= Kaskaskia. Kakega, Kak’exa= Kakegha. Kakhilgagh-miut=Kaltshak. Kakhlyakhlyakakat= Kakliaklia, Kakhonak= Kakonak. Kakhuana=Cajuenche. Kakhuiyagamute=Kakuiak. Kakias= Cahokia. Kakigue= Kakick. Kakliakhliakat, Kakliakliakat— Kakliaklia. Kakmalikg= Kangmaligmiut. Kakoh= Yaku. Ka-ko/-is-tsi’-a-ta/-ni-o=Salish. Kakon ‘sa’-ge= Kagoughsage Kakortok=Julianehaab. Kak8azakhi, Kakouchac, Kakouchakhi,. Kakou- chaki= Piekouagami. Kaksatis= Kiksadi. Kakus= Kake. Kakwaika=Chakpahu. Kakwas= Erie. Kak’-wits= Wailaki. 4 Kakwok= Kakuak. Kaiyu-kho- BULL. 30] Ka-la/-ci-au-u= Kalashiauu. _ Kaladlit= Eskimo. s K’-a’/-lak= Kolok. Kalaktak=Kalekhta. Kalalit—Eskimauan Family. Ka-la-muh=Shuswap. " Kalapooiah=Calapooya, Kalapooian Family. Kalapooya, Kalapooyahs, Kalapouyas, Kalapuaya= Calapooya. 2 ‘ Kalapuya=Calapooya, Kalapooian Family. Kal’’-4-qu-ni-me/-ne yiin’-né= Khwunrghunme. Kalatekoe= Kilatika. Ka-la-tih= Medilding. Ka-la-wa/-ctk= Kalawashuk. Kala-Walset, Kalawatshet=Kalawatset. Kal’/-bict’= Kalbusht. Kal-chaina= Kulchana. Kal-doe= Kauldaw. Kalechtinskoje, Kalekhtinskoe=Kalekhta. Kalespel, ales pilnen= Kalispel. Kal-hwiin’-iin-me’-é-ni te’/-ne=Khwunrghunme. Kaliokhlogamute, Kaliookhlogamute= Kaliukluk. Ka-lis-cha—San Felipe. Kalispelines, Kalispelms, Kalispelum, Kalispelus- ses=Kalispel. Kalistcha=San Felipe. Ka-lis-te-no=Cree. Kaljukischwigmjut=Igagmjut. Kaljuschen=Tlingit. Kalkhagamute=Kaltshak. Kallapooeas, Kallapooyah, Kallapugas, Kallapuia, Kallapuiah=Calapooya. Kalmakovsky Redoute=Kolmakoysky. Kalmaths= Klamath. Ka4l-namu= Kahl. Kalo/duosh=Calapooya. Ka-loo-kwis=Kalokwis. Kaloosas=Calusa. Kaloshes=Tlingit. Kaloshians=Tlingit, Koluschan Family. Kaloylatche=Kadohadacho. Kal-put’-li= Halpadalgi. Kalthagamute, Kaltkagamiut, Kaltshak. Kaltlawewalla=Clowwewalla. Kalulaa’/LEx=Kalulaadlek. Kalulegeet=Kalulek. Kalusa=Calusa. Kaluschians=Tlingit. Kalu-ynadshu= Kadohadacho. Kal-wa’-nate-kuc’-te-ne=Tatlatunne. Kam/-a-lel Pé-mo=Usal. Kam-a-loo’-pa= Kamloops. Ka-man-tci=Comanche. Kameglimut=Kamegli. Kameloups= Kamloops. Kamia=Dieguenfios, Kamiah. Kamia-akhwe=Comeya. Kamiataw ngagamag= Kahmetahwungaguma. Kamiskwawa‘ku‘kag=Gamiskwakokawininiwak. Kamiskwawangachit=Sillery. Kamissi= Kiamisha. Kammack= Kammuck. Kammas Prairie tribe=Tukuarika. Kam/-ne= Kainah. Kamse= Kansa. Kami/inu= Nez Percés. Ka-mu-lus= Kamulas. Kamus= Kimus. Ka/na=Karnah. Kanaa, Kanaai=Conoy. Kanaatino= Kanoatino. Kanacao’= Kanagaro. Kandach-adi, Kanach-tédi—Ganahadi. Kanadagago=Canadasaga. Kanadagerea=Ganadogan. Kanadaoeaga, Kanadaoegey=Canadasaga. Kanadaque—Canandaigua. Kanadaragea=Canadasaga. Kanadaraygo—Ganondasa. : Kanadasaega, Kanadasagea, Kanadaseagea, Kana- daseago, Kanadaseegy, Kanadasegoa, Kanada- sero=Canadasaga. Kanadasero—Ganasarage. Kanadasigea=Canadasaga. Kanaderagey=Ganondasa. Kanadesaga, Kanadesego, Kanadesero, segy, Kanadessigy—Canadasaga. Ka-na-‘djo’‘-ha-re‘=Canajoharie, Kaltkhagamute— Kanades- KA-LA’-CI-AU-U—KANKAWAYS 1069 Kanadosega, Kanagago—Canadasaga. Kanagamiut= Kanagak. Kanagist= Kaniagmiut. Kanagmiut= Kanak. Kaneaheawastsik= Cheyenne. Kanai=Conoy. Kanajoharry=Canajoharie. Kanaka Bar, Kanaka Flat=Ntlaktlakitin. Kanakao’, Kanakaro’=Kanagaro. Kanamara=Gallinomero. Kanandagua, Kanandaigua, Kanandalangua, Kanan- daque=Canandaigua. Kanandasagea=Canadasaga. Ka/-nan-in= Arikara. Kananouangon (Conewango)=Shenango. Kanaouagan=Connewango. Kanasadagea, Kanasedaga=Canadasaga. Kanas-nu= Killisnoo. Kanassarago=Ganasarage. Kanassatagi lunuak=Oka. Kana/sta, Kanastun’yi= Kanastuni. Ka-na-ta-go’-wa, Kanatakowa=Onondaga (vil.) Kanatakwenke=Caughnawaga. Kanatat=Klikitat. Ka-na’-teu ‘-hare’=Canajoharie. Kanauagon=Connewango. Kanawageres= Kanagaro. Kanawarka=Caughnawaga. Kanawhas=Conoy. Kan-Ayko= Laguna, Sitsimé. Kancas, Kancés=Kansa. Kancho= Kawchodinne. Kandaia= Kendaia. K‘an’-dzi=Lipan. Kanedasaga, Kanedesago=Canadasaga. Kaneenda=Gannentaha. Kaneghsadakeh= Kanesadageh. Kanentage= Canandaigua. Kanesadago= Canadasaga. Kanesadakeh=Canadasaga, Kanesadageh. Kanesatake, Kanesatarkee=—Oka. Kanesedaga=Canadasaga. Kaneskies= Knaiakhotana. K-ang= Kung. Kangerdlooksoah, Kangerdluhsoa= Kangerdluksoa Kangigdlek= Kangidli. Kang-iq-xlu-q’/mut= Kangikhlukhmut. Kang’i-suy-pegnaka= Kanghishunpegnaka. Kang’itoka=Crows. Kangiugdlit= Kangmaligmiut. Kangivamiut= Kangidli. Ka1)-g-i/wi-ca-sa=Crows. Kangi-yuha= Kanghiyuha. Kangjulit=Chnagmiut. Kangmali, Kangmaligmeut, Kangmali’gmut, Kang- mali-innuin, Kangmalik, Kangnialis= Kangma- ligmiut. Kangoot=Kongik. Kangoot Mutes= Kungugemiut. Kang-orr-meoot= Kangormiut. K-anguatl la’nai= Kangguatl lanas. Kan/gik/¢ludluksoagmyut= Kangivamiut. Kanhawas, Kanhaways=Conoy. Ka’nhe/nko= Carrizo. Ka/-ni= Koni. Kaniag-miut, Kaniagmjut=Kaguyak. Kaniag’mut= Kaniagmiut. Kanibals, Kanibas, Kanibats, Kanibesinnoaks, Kani- bessinnoaks= Norridgewock. Kanieke-haka= Mohawk. Kanienda= Kaneenda. . Kaniénge-ono»= Mohawk. Kanig-miout= Kanig. Kanikgmut= Kungugemiut. Kanikhluk=Kanikluk. Kanimares, Kanimarres=Gallinomero. Kanim Lake= Kenim Lake. Kaninahoic, Kaninahoich, Kanina’vish, Kanina- wesh= Arapaho. | Kaninim Lake, Kaninis’ Tribe—Kenim Lake. Ka-nip-sum= Kenipsim. Kani-qa-li-ga-mut= Kanikaligamut. Kanisky= Knaiakhotana. Ka-nit= Mandan. Kaniulit=Chnagmiut. Kanjagmjut=Kaguyak. Kanka"= Ponca. Kankau=Konkau. Kankaways= Tonkawa, 1070 Kankuna, Kankunats kogtana= Knaiakhotana. Kank’ utla’atlam=Okinagan. Kanmali-enyuin=Kangmaligmiut. Kannadasaga, Kannadesagea, Kannadeseys=Cana- dasaga. Kannaogau, Kannawagogh=Caughnawaga. Kanneastoka=Conestoga. Kannehonan= Kannehouan. Kanoagoa=Connewango. Kanoatina, Kanoatinnos, Kanoatino= Kanohatino. Kanodosegea=Canadasaga. Kano’kei'ta/hwi =Totiakton. Kanonskegon= Geneseo. Ka/nogtla’tlam=Kalispel. Kanossadage=Oka. Kanoutinoa= Kanohatino. Kanowan6-hate=Ganowarohare. Ka-no-za/-wa= Kanwasowaua. Kanp-meut=Kangormiut. Kans, Kanse, Kansas, Kansé, Kansez=Kansa. Kanshade, Kanshadi= Kanchati. Kansies= Kansa. Ka»-tdoa= Kang. Kanté=Kente. Kantha, Kants=Kansa. Kantsi= Kiowa Apache, Lipan. Kanu’gt'layi, Kanu’gi‘lun’yi=Briertown. Kantktlualuksoagmyut=Kangidli. Kanungé-ono=Caughnawaga. Kanuskago=—Ganosgagong. Kanvagen=Gaandowanang. Ka»xi-ct"-pegnaka= Kanghishunpegnaka. Ka»xi-yuha= Kanghiyuha. Kanygmjut= Kanig. Kanza, Kanzeis, Kanzes= Kansa. Kaockhia=Cahokia, Kao-ké/-owai= Aokeawai. Kaokia, Kaokies=Cahokia. Kaons=Coos. Kaoquias=Cahokia. Kaouai=Salmon River Indians. Kaouanoua= Kannehouan. Kaouechias= Cahokia. Kaouitas= Kawita, Kaoukia=Cahokia. Kaoulis=Cowlitz. Kaounadeau=Caneadea. Kaoutyas=Kawita Kapaha, Kapas=Quapaw. Kapatci’tcin, Kapatsitsan= Kapachichin. K‘a-patop= Kiowa Apache. Kap-ho’=Santa Clara. Kapilano= Homulchison. Ka-Po=Santa Clara, Tuerto. Kapoga, Kapo’ja= Kapozha. Ka-Poo=Santa Clara. Kaposecocke= Kupkipcock. Ka-po-sias, Kapota= Kapozha, Kapoti= Capote. Ka-pou=Santa Clara. Ka-po’-za= Kapozha. Kappa Akansea, Kappas, Kappaws, Kappawson- Arkansas=Quapaw. Kapung=Santa Clara. Kaq!anuwu’/= Kukanuwu. Kaqmi-ato"wa"= Kakhmiatonwan. Kagq-tcea"-wai¢= Kakhtshanwaish. Ka-quaitl= Kaquaith. Karaghiyadirha—Caneadea. Karakenh= Karaken., Karaler, Karalik, Karalit=Eskimo. Rerankeways, Karankoas, Karan-koo-as=Karan- awa. Ka-rasch-kidetan= Kayashkidetan. Karathyadirs—Caneadea, Kareses= Lipan. Karhatyonni= Karhationni. Karhawenghradongh= Karhawenradonh., Karhetyonni= Karhationni. Ka rho wengh ra don= Karhawenradonh. Karig8istes= Karigouistes. Kariko=Tonkawa. Karkadia= Kaskaskia. Karkinonpols=Kakinonba. Karlooch= Karluk. Kar-luk-wees= Kalokwis. Karluta=Karluk. Karmowong= Kaumauang. KANKUNA—KATHLAPOOTLE Karo=Gyazru. Karo-ynadshu= Kadohadacho. Karquines=Karkin. Kar-qwan-ton=Kagwantan. Karro=Gyazru. Kar’-sa= Kansa. Karsioot, Karsooit= Karsuit. Karsuk=Karsok. Karulik=Kanulik. K’arussuit= Karusuit. Kar-wee-wee=Atsmitl. Kasagaskwatcima' kag—Gasakaskuatchimmekak. Kasaha inti==Chickasaw. Kasarsoak= Kagsersuak. Kasas=Kansa. Kascakias= Kaskaskia. Kaschjukwagmjut= Akhiok. Kaschkaschkung= Kuskuski. Kaschke-kon= Kashkekoan. Kasgresquios= Kaskaskia. Kashanquash= Kashong. Kashapaokla, Kashap-ukla= Kushapokla. Kashaski= Kaskaskia. Kash-a-woosh-ah= Kassovo. Kashega= Kashiga. Kashigalagamute, Kashigalogumut= Kashigalak. Kashigin= Kashiga. Kashonquash= Kashong. Kashpugowitk= Kespoog wit. Kashtih asha=Cushtusha. Kashukvagmiut= Akhiok. Kashunahmiut, Kashunok= Kashunuk. Kasil=Casalic. Kasita= Usseta. Kaskaias= Kiowa Apache. Kaskaisas, Kaskaiskas, Kaskakias, Kaskakiés=Kas kaskia. Kaskanakh, Kaskanek= Kaskanak. Kaskarorens= Tuscarora. Kaskascia, Kaskasia, Kaskaskies= Kaskaskia. Kaskaskunk= Kuskuski. Kaskasquia= Kaskaskia. Kaskaya, Kaskia=Kiowa Apache. Kaskinakh= Kaskanak. Kaskkasies= Kaskaskia. Kaskuskies= Kuskuski. Kas-lin-ta= Haslinding. Kasoatcha= K osotshe. K-asq’ague’dé, Kasq !akue’/di= Kaskakoed1 Kasqui, Kasquias=Kaskaskia. Kasquinanipo=Kakinonba. Kasquuasquias= Kaskaskia. Kassan, Kassan H;ade=Kasaan. Kasséya, Kasseye’-i= Kadohadacho. Kasstachamiut, Kassianmute=Kassiank. Kassilo, Kassilof=Kasilof. Kassiluda=Sabdatoto. Kas-so-teh-nie= Kushetunne, Kassra-kuédi= Kaskakoedi. Kasta kagawai, K:astak’é/raua’/i= Daiyuahl-lanas. Kastaxe’/xda-an= K ustahekdaan. Kas/-tel-Po-mo= Wailaki. Kasua=Cashwah. Kataba= Catawba. Kataghayekiki= Aleut. Katagi/tiganing—Gatagetegauning. Katagkag-mioute= Katagkak. K’a-t’a-gottiné, Kat‘a-gottine=Kawchodinne. Katahba=Catawhba. Katahooche=Chattahoochee. Ka-tah-te= Medilding. Katai= Kahtai. Ka-ta-kas= Kiowa Apache. Ka-‘ta-ra’-krag—Cattaraugus.: Kataubahs=Catawba. Katayka= Kiowa Apache. K-ate’a/dé= Katcadi. Katce=Siksika. Katchan= Yuma. " : K’a-tché-gottiné, Katché-Ottiné= Kawchogottine. Kat’-chu= Katsalgi. Katcina, Katcina winwi= Kachina, Kates=Kake. Katezie= Katsey. Katha’/gi= Kansa. Kathlamak, Kathlamet=Cathlamet. Kathlaminimim= Kathlaminmin. Kathlamit, Kathlamut=—CathJamet, Kathlapootle=Cathlapotle. [B. A. BE. BULL. 30] Kathlarem= Kathlaram. Kathlemit=Cathlamet. Kathlendaruc= Kalindaruk. Kathtippecamunk=Tippecanoe. Ka’tihcha, Ka-tish-tya, Katistya, Ka-ti-tya—San Felipe. Ka-ti-ya-ye-mix=Kutaiimiks. Katkwalti=Katkwaahltu. Katlagakya=Shahala. Katlamak, Katlamat, Katlammets=Cathlamet. Katlaportl—Cathlapotle. Katlendarukas= Kalindaruk. Kat nas had’a/i= Kaadnaas-hadai. Kato-Pomo= Kato. Katowa=Cherokee. Katschadi= Katcadi. Katskil, Katskill—Catskill Indians. Kattagmjut=Kattak. Kattahawkees= Kitkehahki. Kattanahaws= Kutenai. Kattaning= Kittanning. Kattarbe, Kattaupa—Catawba. Katteka= Kiowa Apache. Kattera=Tutelo. Katuku=Chastacosta. Katia= Kawa. Ka-uay-ko= Laguna. Kaughnawaugas=Caughnawaga. Kauia=Kawia. Ka-uin-a= Kowina. Kauitchin, K-au’/itcin= Cowichan. Kau’-lits=Cowlitz. Kaumainsh—=Comanche. Kaumanang= Kaumauang. Kaunaudasage=Canadasaga. Kau’q-wan= Kaukhwan. Kats=Coos. Kausas= Kansa. Kau-ta-noh=Contahnah. Kautika=Kituhwa. Kauvuyas= Kawia. Kauwetsaka, Kauwetseka= Akawentchaka. Ka/-u wiin-wi= Kau. Kau-yai’-chits= Kawia. Kauzau=Kansa. Kavagan=Kouyam. Kavayos= Kawia. Kavea, Kaveaks, Kaviagmiut. Kaviagamute= Kaviazagmiut. Kaviagmuts, Kaviagmyut, Kaviaks=Kaviagmiut. Kaviawach=White River Ute. Kaviazagamute, Kaviaza’ gemut=Kaviazagmiut. Kavvachias, Kavvchias, Kavvechias, Kavvkias— Cahokia. Kavwaru-maup= Kawia. Kaw= Kansa. Kawa= Kiowa. Kawahykaka, Kawaihkaa, Ka-waik’, Kawaikama, Kawdikame, Laguna. Kawaiko=Sitsimé. Kawaikome= Laguna. Kawaiokuh= Kawaika. Ka-wai-ra-chi-u= White River Ute. Kawant/nyi= Kawanuyi. Kawan’-ura/stnyi—Conoross. Kawa pabikani kag=Gawababiganikak. Kawas= Kiowa. Kawatskins=Cowichan. Kawcho-dinneh= Kawchodinne. Kawelitsk= Cowlitz. Kawerkewotche=— Kawoltukwucha. Ka-wi’-a-suh= Kawaiisu. Kawichen= Cowichan. Ka-wi-na-han=Siksika. Kawishm= Kawaiisu. Kawita Talahassi— Kawita. Kawitchen=Cowichan. Kawitshin—Cowichan, Salishan Family. Kawitskins—Cowichan. Kawitunshki=Tchatkasitunshki. Kawi’ yi—Cowee. Kawkias= Cahokia. Kawnjagmjut= Kaguyak. Kawuytas= Kawita. Kaw-welth=Chaahl, Kawytas=Kawita, Kaverong Mutes, Kaviacks— Ka-waika’, Ka-waik’-ka-me= KATHLAREM—KEE-KIK-TAG-AMEUTS 1071 Kaw’-za=Kansa. Ka-xi=Crows. Kaya’/ckidétan—Kayashkidetan. Kayaguas= Kiowa. Kaya ‘ha’ ge'=Cayahoga. Kayakshigvikg= Kaiaksekawik. Kayamishi= Kiamisha. , K’aya/ng=Kayung. Kayaways= Kiowa. Kayayak= Kaguyak. Kayeghtalagealat—Coreorgonel. Kayingehaga= Mohawk. Kayjatin= Kaihatin. Kaykovskie= Kake. Kayo/kath, Kayoku-aht= K yuquot. Kayouse=Cayuse. Kayowa, Kayowe’=Kiowa. Kayowgaws=Cayuga. Ka-yo-woc=Cayeguas. Kayowti= Kiowa. Kay-tzen-lin= Kaihatin. Kayuguas= Kiowa. Kaytigue-6no"=Cayuga. Kayul=Cayuse. Kayuse Creek=Cayoosh Creek. Kayuses=Cayuse. Ka’yuwa= Kiowa. Kayuxes=Cayuse. Kayyhekwarakeh= Kayehkwaragch. K’ca-‘€= Kthae. Keal tana= Kulchana. Kgar=Kdhun. Kee’/-lut-li’-yunné’/= K thelutlitunne. Kehaljkagmjut=Kaltshak. K’ chi-ga-gong’-go= Kchegagonggo. K’ ciwuk’ciwu= Kshiwukshiwu. K’ ¢o-4ai’-me= K thotaime. pa Kdhun. ’gu-na/-ta-a tetin’ yiinné= Kthunataachuntunne. K’ ou-qwes’-yanné= K thukhwestunne. K'cu-qwic’ yunné=Siuslaw. K,cu-qwut’/-tunne=Kthukhwuttunne. K’cu-tét’-me - tse’/-é- tut’ - tin = Kthutetmetseetut- tun. Ke=Kekin. Kealeegees= Kailaidshi. Kéa-tdoa= Keya. Keate, Keati= Kiatang. Ke-at= Panamint. | Keawahs=Kawia. Keawas= Kiowa. | Keawaw=Kiawaw. Keaways= Kiowa. Keawe, Keawee= Keyauwee. Kea-wit-sis=Tlauitsis. Ke-ax-as= Kiyuksa. Kebiks= Montagnais. Kecapos= Kickapoo. Kecchies= Kichai. Kecheel= Kechayi. Keche-gumme-winine-wug, Kéchekame Wenénéwak =Kitchigumiwininiwug. | Ke-che-se-be-win-in-e-wug, Ke-che-se-be-win-o-wing= Kitchisibiwininiwug. Ke-che-wan-dor-goning, Kech-e-waun-dau-gu-mink— Ketchewaundaugenink. Kechi=Luisefio. Kechies= Kichai. Kechis= Kichai, Luiseno. Kechtawangh= Kitchawank. Keckkeknepolin= Kickenapawling Kecopes= Kickapoo. Kedi=Huna. Kee-ark-sar= Kiyuksa. Keeawawes=Keyauwee. Keechers= Kichai. Kee-ches= Kitzeesh. Keechi, Keechies= Kichai. Keechik= Kilchik. Kee-chis= Kitzeesh. Kee-chum-a-kai-to, lum. Keechy= Kichai. Keeghik=Nikhkak. Kee’-hat-sa, Keeheet-sas—Crows. Keejik=Nikhkak. Kee’-kat/-sa—Crows. Keek heat la—Kitkatla. Kee-kik-tag-ameuts=Kikiktak, Keechum-akarlo = Kitzimgay-. 1072 Keen-ath-toix= Kinuhtoiah. Kee-nip-saim, Kee-nip-sim=Kenipsim. Keeowaws, Keeowee= Keyauwee. Kees=Arikara. Kee-tah-hon-neet=Tongas. Keet-heat-la, Keethratlah=Kitkatla. Keetsas= Kichai. K-e/étse= Katsey. Kee-uke-sah= Kiyuksa. Keew-aho= Tuscarora. Keewalik= Kugaluk. Ke-ga-boge= Kickapoo. Kegaiogue= Kekionga. Kegarnie= Kaigani. Kegictowik, Kegictowruk, Kegiktowik=Kiktaguk. Kéegiktowrigemut= Kegiktowrigemiut. Kegiktowruk= Kiktaguk. Kegniogue= Kekionga. Kegokhtowik=Kiktaguk. Kehabous= Kickapoo. Kéh-chen-wilt=Quaitso. Kehk, Kehons= Kake. Kehtehticut=Titicut. Ke’ia-ki-me= Kiakima. Keiauwees= Keyauwee. Keilijah= Kailaidshi. Keimanoeitoh= Kitlope. Keint-he= Deyodeshot. Keiscatchewan, Keiskatchewan=Cree. Kei-u-gues= Cayuga. Ke-jawn’= Yuma. Kek= Kake. Ke-ka-alns= Kikiallu. Kekalus=Tikwalus. Kekapos, Kekapou= Kickapoo. Ke ya’tsu= Nanpanta. Kekaupoag= Kickapoo. Kekch-kon= Kake. Ke-ke-on-gay= Kekionga. Kekerannon-rounons= Nipissing. Keketticut=Titicut. Kekies= Kichai. Ke-ki-on-go= Kekionga. K-ek'k’’énox= Kyekykyenok. Ke-ko-neck=Shanamkarak. Kekopos= Kickapoo. Kekuvskoe= Kake. Kelamantowruk= Kilimantavie. Kelamouches=Comanche. Ké-le’-nyu-mth= Kele. Kéles=Karankawa. Ké-lév-a-tow-tin= Kilimantavie. Ke’-le-wun-wu= Kele. Kelistenos=Cree. Kellamucks= Tillamook. Kell-aout= Halaut. Kellespem= Kalispel. Kel-seem-aht= Kelsemaht. Kelsey= Makhelchel. Kel’/ta=Tlelding. K-eltsma’ath= Kelsemaht. Kel-ut-sah= Kilutsai. Kemahwivi=Chemehueyi. Kemasuit, Kemesuit= Karusuit. Kemsquits= Kimsquit. Ke’na=Kainah. Kenabeca, Kenabes=Norridgewock. Kenaghamiut=Kinak. KEEN-ATH-TOIX—KEYAR-HWOTQUT Kenai, Kenaians, Kendies=Athapascan Family, | Knaiakhotana. Kenai-tena, Kenaitses, Kenaitze, Kenaiyer, Kenai- yut, Kenaize, Kenaizen= Knaiakhotana. Kenaizer=Athapascan Family. Kenajer= Knaiakhotana. Ke-na-pe-com-a-qua= Kenapacomaqua. Kenas= Knaiakhotana. Kenasnow= Killisnoo. Kenath tui ex= Kinuhtoiah. Kenay, Kenayern, Kenayzi= Knaiakhotana. Kenchenkieg= Kinagingeeg. Kendaes= Kendaia. Kénébec, Kenebecka= Kennebec. Kenebecke Indeans, Kenebeke= Norridgewock Kenebeke= Kennebec. Ken’-es-ti= Kuneste. Kengugmiut= Kongik. Kenhawas=Conoy. Kenhulka=Ikanhatki. Kenigayat=Kingiak. [B. A. EB. Ke-ni’kaci’ya= Kenikashika. Ke nika-shing-ga= Kekin. Ke-nish-te’-no-wuk, Ke-nis-te-noag, Kenistenoo, Ke- nistenos=Cree. Kennachananaghamiut= Kenachananak. | Kennebec, Kennebec Indians, Kennebecks, Kenne- beki= Norridgewock. Kennedaseage, Kennesedaga=Canadasaga. Kennuyak= Paugwik. Ke-noushay= Kenozhe. Kenowiki=Conoy. Ke-no-zha= Kenozhe. Kentaienton=Gentaienton. Kentsia, Kentsio— Kente. Ke-nunctioni= Iroquois. Keo Haadé= Aokeawai. Keomee= Keyauwee. Keope-e-no= Koprino. Keowe= Keowee. Keowewallahs=Clowwewalla. Keoxa= Kiyuksa. Kepar=Ishipishi. Ke-pau-yau= Kipaya towns. Keq!=Kake. Kequeloose=Tikwalus. Ke-ques-ta= Kikwistok. Kera=Keresan Family. Keralite= Eskimo. Kéran, Keras=Keresan Family. Kerchi= Kichai. Kerem-eeos, Keremeoos, Kéremya/uz— Keremeus. Keres=Keresan Family. Ke-re-tci"= Kerechun. Kern River=Tubatulabal. Kerokias=Cahokia. Keroopinough= Koprino. Kershaws=Catawba. Kershong= Kashong. Kertani= Lower Kutenai. Kescacons= Kishkakon. Keshase= Kitzeesh. Keshpugowitk= K espoogwit. Keskeskias= Kaskaskia. Keskistkonck= K eskistkonk. Ke-spi-co-tha= Kispokotha. Kespoogwituna’/k= Kespoogwit. Kessler= Makhelchel. Kesuna= Kashunuk. Kes-whaw-hay=Keresan Family. Ket-a-Mats= Kitamat. Ket-an-dou= Kitunto. Ketapekon, Ké-tap’-e-kon-nong= Tippecanoe. Ketawaugas=Cherokee. Ketchegamins= Kitchigami. Ketchewaundaugumink= K etchewaundaugenink. Ketcheyes, Ketchies=Kichai. Ketzhigamins= Kitchigami. Ké-tchi-na, Ketchip-a-huan=Kechipauan. Ketchiquut=Titicut. Ketciwawiyandaganing = Ketchewaundaugenink. Ke-tdoa= Ke. Ketehigamins= Kitchigami. Ketehiquut, Ketehtequtt=Titicut. Ketetas=Shanwappom. k’é/tgo hit tan= Ketgohittan. Kethepecannank= Tippecanoe. Keth-e-wan-don-gon-ing= Ketchewaundaugenink. Kethtipecanunk, Kethtipiconunck— Tippecanoe. Ket-ka-kesh= Kitkehahki. Ketlakaniak=Cooniac. Ketlane= Kitlani. : Ketlitk-Kutchin= Unakhotana. | Ke-toon-ok-shelk= Kitwinshilk. | Ketschetnaer=Ahtena. Ke’tsi= Katsey. Ketticut=Titicut. Kettle band, Kettle band Sioux=Oohenonpa. Kettle Falls, Kettle Indians=Colville. Kettooah= Kituhwa. Ket-wilk-ci-pa= Kitwilksheba. Ketyagoos= Kittizoo. : : Kevalinye Mutes, Kevalinyes=Kevalingamiut. Ke-waught-chen-unaughs— Kewaughtohehemach. Kewawees= Keyauwee. Keweah= Kawia. K’eyerten=Kekerten. Keyawees= Keyauwee. , f Keycchies, Keyche, Keychies=Kichai. Kéyor-hwotqet= Keyerhwotket. BULL. 30] KEYES—KIK-THE-SWE-MUD 1073 Keyes, Keyeshees, Keys=Kichai. Keyuse=Cayuse. Kezerevsky=K oserefski. ’Keztce= Kezche. Kfwe-tpa-Gottiné= Kfwetragottine. Kgallegak=Kialegak. Kha’/-a=Cheghita. Khagantayakhun’khin= Aleut. Khahkhahtons—Chippewa. KE’ haibhai’—Santa Clara. Khaigamut= Khaik. Khakhatons, Khakhatonwan—Chippewa. Khalams=Clallam. Khaltat’s village=Kaltat. Khanikh=Goch. K’ha-po-o=Santa Clara. Kha-t’a-ottine= Kawchodinne. Kha-tcho-gottine— Kawchogottine. Khatnotoutze= Kagokakat. Khatukeyu=Wintun. Kha-tpa-Gottiné= Kawchodinne. Khecham= wuisefio. Khékhu= Kake. Khenipsim= Kenipsim. Khina Haadé= Haena. Khiondaésahan= Ekiondatsaan. Khionontatehronon, Khionontaterrhonons=Tiono- tati. Khlél’-ta—Tlelding. Khogotlinde= K hogoltlinde. Khootznahoo= Hutsnuwu. Roeascetnahik, Khoouchtioulik-mioute= Koyuk- tolik. Khoso= Hopi. Khotilkakat, Khotilkakate, Khotylnakat=Kotil. Khoulpouni= K hulpuni. Khounanilinde= K hunanilinde. Khu-a nika-shing-ga—Khra. ‘ Khuilchan, Khuilchana= Kulchana. Khuingetakhten, Khuingitatekhten=Kuingshte- takten. Khuligichagat=— Khuligichikat. Khi»-tdo6a= Kun. Kin-un-ah’=Tahltan. Khust-e-nét, Khust-e-néte=Khwaishtunnetunne. Khutsno, Khutsnu=Hutsnuwu. Khutulkakat=Kutul. be Ki-a-a= Pueblo Alto. Kia’anadn=Kechipauan. Kiaboha= Kiabaha. Kiaffess— Kuasse. Kiahoba= Kiabaha. Kiaini— Kinaani. K’ia/-ki-me= Kiakima. Kiaknukmiut=Kinipetu. Kialajahs, Kialechies, Kialeegees, Kialega, Kialgie, Kialiages= Kailaidshi. Kialigamiut=Kaialik. Kialiga’s, Kialige, Kialigee, Ki-a-li-jee=—Kailaidshi. Kiallegak—Kialegak. Kianamaras=Gallinomero. Kia’-na-wa= Kechipauan. Ki-a/-ni= Kegi. Kianosili= Kianusili. Kiapaha=Quapaw. K‘iap kwai na, K’iap’-kwai-na-kwe, K ‘idp kwai na- kwin=Ojo Caliente. Kiasses, Kiasseschaneres= Kuasse. Kiatagmute= Kiatagmiut. Kiataro, Kiataw=Coyoteros. Kiatenes= Kiatagmiut. Kiatenses= Knaiakhotana. Kiateros=Coyoteros. Ki/-4-wa, Kiaways= Kiowa. Ki-a-wét-ni= Kiawetnau. Kiaw-pino=Koprino. Kiburi=Quiburi. Kicapoos, Kicapous, Kicapoux, Kicapus= Kickapoo. Kicaras= Arikara. Kiccapoos= Kickapoo. Kichae= Kichai. Kichaga=Cayahoga. Kichaoneiak, Kichaoueiak— Kishkakon. Kichapacs= Kickapoo. Kiche= Kichai. Kichesipiiriniouek, Kichesipiriniwek = Kichesipi- rini. Kichik=Kilchik. Kichis=Kichai. 3456—Bull. 30, pt 20768 Kichkagoneiak, Kichkankoueiak= Kishkakon. Kichtages= Illinois. Kichtawan, Kichtawanc, Kichtawanghs, Kichta- wons, Kichtewangh, Kichtowanghs—Kitcha- wank. Ki’-¢i-ku’¢uc= Wichita. Ki-¢i-tcac= Kichai. Kickabawa=Kishkawbawee. Kickapoo= Kispokotha. Kickapoos of the prairies= Prairie Kickapoo. Kickapoos of the Vermilion= Vermilion. Kickapos= Kickapoo. Kick-a-pou-go-wi Town= Kickapougowi. Kickapous, Kickipoo= Kickapoo. Kick-sa-tee= Kiksadi. Kicktages= Illinois. Kicktawanc= Kitchawank. Kickuallis= Kikiallu. Kiclichee= Kailaidshi. Kicoagoves, Kicoapous, Kicopoux=Kickapoo. Kictawance= Kitchawank. Ki-dagh-ra= Azqueltan. Kiddan=Skedans. Kiddékédissé= Wichita. Kidelik= Kidnelik. Kidikuris= Wichita. Kiechee= Kichai. Kiektaguk=Kiktaguk. Kienketons=Sisseton. Kieoux= Cayuse. Kiesno’s village= Wakanasisi. Kiéteng= Kiatang. Fiétsash=Kichai. Ki-e-wah= Kiowa. Ki-gal-twal-la=Watlala. Kiganis, Kigarnee, Kigenes— Kaigani. Kiggiktagmyut=Kigiktagmiut. Kighetawkigh Roanu= Illinois. Kighigufi= Atka. Kigh-Mioute= Kiktaguk. Kightages= Illinois. Kightewangh, Kightowan=Kitchawank, Kigikhkhun=Atka. ! Kigikhtawik, Kigiktauik=Kiktaguk. Kiglacka, Kiglaska= Kiglashka. Kignuamiut= Kinguamiut. Kiguel= Mishikhwutmetunne. Kigukhtagmyut=Kigiktagmiut. Ki-gu-ksa Band=Kiyuksa. Kihatoak® = Quijotoa. Ki’/hi= Kingegan. Kihigouns= Unalaska. Kilnatsa=Crows. Kihotoak=Quijotoa. Ki’-hu= Kegi. Ki-hua=Santo Domingo. Kiimilit= Eskimo. Kij=Gabrieleno. . ¢ ‘ Kijataigmjuten, Kijataigmiiten, Kijaten=Kiatag- miut. Kijik=Nikhkak. J Kikabeux, Kikabons, Kikabou, Kikaboua, Kikabu= Kickapoo. Kikanonas=Karankawa. Kikapau, Kikapoes, Kikapoos= Kickapoo. Kikapouguoi— Kickapougowi. ; Kikapous, Kikap8s, Kikapoux, Kikapouz, Kikapu= Kickapoo. Kikastas=Crows. Kikchtaguk=Kiktaguk. Kikealans=Kikiallu. Kikhtaghouk, Kikhtangouk=Kiktaguk. Kikhtog amut=Eiwhuelit. Kikiallis, Kik-i-dllus, Ki-kia-loos, Kikialtis—Ki kiallu. Kikikhtagamiut= Kiktak. Ree ntosyat, Kikiktagamute, Kikiktagmut=K1- kiktak. Kikiktowruk= Kiktaguk. Kikkapoos= Kickapoo. Kikkertarsoak=K kertarsoak. Kikkerton=Kekerten. Kikkhlagamute, Kikkhtagamute=Kiktak. Kik-Khuigagamute, Kikkhwigagamute= Kikuikak, | Kikliakliakakate=Kakliaklia. Kikotan=Kiequotank. Kikpouz= Kickapoo. Kiksan=Kitksan. Kik-the-swe-mud= Wapeminskink, 1074 Kikwistog=Kikwistok. Kik-wiin-wii= Kik. Kilametagag= Kilimantavie. Kilamooks, Kil a mox, Kilamukes, Kilamute=Tilla- mook. Ki’'lat=Tsimshian. Kilataks, Kilatica=Kilatika. Ki-lat’-u-tike=Kilauutuksh. Kilauwitawin=Kilimantavie. Kilauwitawinmium=Kusilvak. Kilawalaks=Kitlakdamix. Kil-cah-ta= Kitkahta. Kilchikh=Kilchik. Kilgat=Tsimshian. Kilgonwah=Kitwingach. Kil-hai-oo=Skidegate. Kil-har-hurst’s Town=Kilherhursh. Kil-har-nar’s toun= Kilherner. Kiliga= Kailaidshi. Ki lin ig myut=Kilinigmiut. Kilisteno, Kilistinaux, Kilistinon=Cree. Kilistinons of the bay of Ataouabouscatouek= Bou- scoutton. Kilistinos, Kilistinous=Cree. Kiliwatsal, Kiliwatshat=Kalawatset. Kil-kait-hade= Hlgahet. Kilkat=Tsimshian. Killamook, Killamoucks, Killamouks, Killamox, Killamuck, Killamuks=Tillamook. Killawat=Kalawatset. Killaxthocles=Killaxthokle. Kill Buck= Killbuck’s Town. Kill Close By=Nitotsiksisstaniks., Killeegko= Kailaidshi. Killemooks, Killernoux=Tillamook. Killestinoes=Cree. Killewatsis=Kalawatset. Killimoucks, Killimous, Killimux=Tillamook. Killini= Cree. Killis-tamaha=Inkillis Tamaha. Killisteneaux, Killistenoes, Killistinaux, Killis- tini, Killistinoer, Killistinoes, Killistinons, Kil- listinous, Killistins—Cree. Killiwashat, Killiwatshat= Kalawatset. Kill, on, chan, Killoosa, Killowitsa=Kilutsai. Killsmaht= Kelsemaht. Killuda= Kiliuda. Killutsar= Kilutsai. Killymucks=Tillamook. Kilootsa= Kilutsai. Kil-pan-hus= Kilpanlus. Kilsamat=Kelsemaht. Kilyamigtagvik—Kilimantavie. Kimena=Galisteo. Ki/mkuitq= Kimsquit. Kimmocksowick= Karusuit. Kimmooenim= Kamiah. Kimnepatoo= Kinipetu. Ki-mni-can= Khemnichan. Kimoenims, Kimooenim= Kamiah. Ki-na=Kainah. Kinadbik—= Kenabig. Kinaetzi= Knaiakhotana, Kinagamute=Kinak. Kinaghi= Kaniagmiut. Kinahi-piako—Tonkawa. Kinahungik= Kinagingeeg. Kinahzin=Casa Morena. Kinai, Kinaitsa, Kinaitze, Kinaitzi, Kinaizi, Kina- jut=Knaiakhotana. Kinakanes=Okinagan. Kin-a-roa-lax, Kinawalax=Kitlakdamix. Kinawas= Kiowa. Kinckemoeks= Micmac. Kindais= Kendaia. Ki/ndotliz= Wejegi. Kinebikowininiwak=Shoshoni. Kinegans= Kinugumiut. Kinegnagamiut= Kinegnagak. Kinegnagmiut= Kinegnak, Razboinski. Kine-ne-ai-koon= Kainah. King-a-ghee, King-a-khi= Kingegan. Kingawa= Kingua. King Beaver’s Town=Tuscarawas. Kingee’-ga-mut=Kinugumiut. Kinggigtok= Kingiktok. King Heijah’s—Coe Hadjos Town. Kinghiak= Kingiak. Kingigamute— Kingegan. KIKWISTOQ—KISHA WIN [B. A. E. Kingoua= Kingua. Kiniaak= Kingiak. Kinibeki= Kennebec. Kinicklick= Kiniklik. Kinik= Knik. ; K‘in’i K’el=Kintyel. Kinik Mute= Kinugumiut. Kinipissa= Acolapissa. Kinishtinak, Kinishtino—Cree. Kinisquit, Kinisquitt= Kimsquit. Kinisteneaux, Kinistinaux, Kinistineaux, Kinisti- noes, Kinistinons, Kinistinuwok—Cree. Kiniwas= Kiowa. Kinkale= Pueblo Pintado. Kinkhankuk= Kinagingeeg. Kinkyel= Pueblo Pintado. a Kinlitcini, Kin/itsi’, Kinlitsi’/dine‘= Kinh- itshi. Kin-nach-hangik, Kinnakangeck= Kinagingeeg. Kin-nas-ti=Shongopovi. Kinnato-iks= Kinuhtoiah. Kinnats, Kinnats-Khotana, Knaiakhotana. Kinnebeck Indians= Norridgewock. Kinnepatoo, Kinnepatu= Kinipetu. Kinnick= Kinik. Kinnipetu= Kinipetu. Kinnewoolun= Kitlakdamix. Kinnipiaks= Quinnipiac. Kinnstoucks= Kinuhtoiah. Ki’-no= Kainah. Kinonchepiirinik, Kinonchepirinik= Keinouche. Kinongeouilini=Sturgeon. Kinouché, Kinouchebiiriniouek, Kinounchepirini= Keinouche. Kinsaatin= K wilchana. Kinse= Cayuse. Kinstenaux, Kinstinaux=Cree. Kintail= Kintyel. Kintctwhwikit=Kinchuwhikut, : Kintecaw, Kintecoy, Kinte Kaye, Kinticka=Can- tico. Kin-Tiel, Kintyeli= Kintyel. Kinugmut, Kinugumut= Kinugumiut. Kinuiak= Paugwik. Kinuyak=Kingiak. Kinya-indé=Jicarilla. Ki’-o-a-me=Santo Domingo. Kiobobas= Kiabaha. Kiocsies= Kiyuksa. Kioetoa= Khioetoa. Kiohican, Kiohuan, Kiohuhahans= Kiowa. Kiokakons= Kishkakon. Kiolege= Kailaidshi. Kio Michie= Kiamisha. Kionahaa= Kiowa. Kioose= Cayuse. Kioosta= Kiusta. Kiotsaa= Kio. Kiouanan, Kiouanau, Kiouanous, Kioueouenau= Wequadong. Kious= Dakota. Kiovas= Kiowa. Kiowahs, Kioway= Kiowa. Ki’/-o-wummi=Santo Domingo. Ki-pan-na= Kipana. Kipikavvi, Kipikawi, Kipikuskvvi=Pepikokia. Kip-nai/-ak, Kipniaguk, Kipnisk=Kipniak. Ki-Pomas= Kato. Kiqatsa= Crows. Kirauash=Querechos. Kirhawguagh Roanu=Karhagaghrooney. Ki-ri-kur-uks, Kirikurus= Wichita. Kiristinon=Cree. Ki/-ro-ko’-qo-tce= Kirokokhoche. ; Kironnonas, Kironomes, Kirononas=Karankawa. Kiruhikwak= Yurok. Kisalas=Kitzilas. Kis’dn-dinné, Kisdéni= Pueblos. Kiscacones, Kiscacons, Kiscakons, Kishkakon. Kiscapocoke= Kispokotha. Kischigamins=Kitchigami. Kisch-pach-la-6ts= Kishpachlaots. Kiscopokes= Kispokotha. Kis-ge-gas, Kisgegos, Kis-go-gas—Kishgagass. Kishais=Kichai. Kishakevira= Hupa. Kishawin=Kaisun. Kinnatz-kokhtana= Kiscakous= ~ BULL. 30] Kishequechkela=Kishakoquilla. Kishey=Kiski. Kishgahgahs=Kishgagass. Kishkako=Kishkakon. Kishke-gas=Kishgagass. Kishkemanetas, Kishkiminitas=Kiskiminetas. Kishkuske= Kuskuski. Kish-pi-youx=Kishpiyeoux. Kishpochalots, Kishpokalants=Kishpachlaots. Kisinahis= Kiowa Apache. Kiskacoueiak= Kishkakon. Kiskagahs=Kishgagass. Kiskakonk, Kiskakons, Kiskakoumac, Kiskakouns— Kishkakon. Kiskaminetas— Kiskiminetas. Kiskapocoke=Kispokotha. Kiskemanitas, Kiskemeneco—Kiskiminetas. Kiskiack, Kiskiak—Chiskiac. Kis Kies=Kiski. Kis Kightkonck= Keskistkonk. Kiskokans= Kishkakon. Kiskomnitos=Kiskominitoes. Kiskowanitas= Kiskominitoes. Kiskuskias= Kaskaskia. Kisky=Kiski. Kislistinons=Cree. Kispachalaidy, Kispachlohts=Kishpachlaots. Kispaioohs= Kishpiyeoux. Kispapous= Kickapoo. Kispiax=Kishpiyeoux. Kispogégi, Ki-spo-ko-tha—Kispokotha. Kispyaths, Kispyox=Kishpiyeoux. Kissah=Coosa. Kissaiakh= Kashaiak. Kissgarrase, Kiss-ge-gaas= Kishgagass, Kissiak, Kissiakh=Kashaiak. Kisteneaux=Cree. Kitadah=Kitunto. Kitaesches, Kitaesechis=Kichai. Kitaheeta= Hitchiti. Kitalaska=Kitzilas. Kitamah, Kitamaht, Kitamatt=Kitamat. Kit, an, doh= Kitunto. Ki-ta-ne-make= K hitanumanke. Kitangataa=Kitangata. Kitanning= Kittanning. Kitans=Gituns. Kitatels=Kitkatla. Kitawan=Kitahon. Kitax=Kitaix. ‘ = Kit-cathla=Kitkatla. Kitchaclalth=Kitsalthlal. Ki’/tchas=Kichai. Kitchatlah=Kitkatla. Kitchawanc, Kitchawonck=Kitchawank. Kitche, kla,la—Kitsalthlal. Kitchem-kalem=Kitzimgaylum. Ki’-tchésh, Kitchies=Kichai. Kitchigamich, Kitchigamick=Kitchigami. Kitchigami-wininiwak—Kitchigumiwininiwug. Kitchimkale= Kiizimgaylum. Kitchisibi-wininiwak = Kitchisibiwininiwug. Kitcho-pataki= Hichopataki. Kitchtawanghs=Kitchawank. Kitchu lass=Kitzilas. Kitchupataki= Kitchopataki. Kitcigamiwininiwag—K echegummewininewug. Kitcoonsa= Kitwingach. Kite=Crows. Kite Indians, Kites=Staitan. Kitestues=Kittizoo. Kitha-ata=Kitkahta. Kit-hai-uass hadé=Hlgaiu. Kithannink= Kittanning. Kithatla—Kitkatla. Kithigami= Kitchigami. Kithkatla=Kitkatla. Kitiga’ru= Kitegareut. Kit-ih-shian= Kitksan. Ki’tikiti’sh= Wichita. Kitimat=Kitamat. Kitinahs=Kitanmaiksh. Kitistzoo=Kittizoo. Kit/-ka= Kitkehahki. Kitkaata, Kitkada, Kitkaét—Kitkahta. Kitkagas= Kishgagass. Kitkaha ‘ki, Kitkahoets— Kitkehahki. Kitkaht, Kitkathla, Kit-kats—Kitkahta. Kit’-ke-hak-i= Kitkehahki. KISHEQUECHKELA—KIYATAIGMEUTEN 1075 Kit-khall-ah, Kit-khatla—Kitkatla. Kit-ksum, Kit-ksun=Kitksan. Kitlacdamax= Kitlakdamix. Kitlach-damak, Kitlach-damix—Kitlakdamix, Kitlan, Kitlan Kilwilpeyot=Kitlani. Kitlatamox—Kitlakdamix. Kitlax=Kitaix. Kitloop, Kitlop—Kitlope. Ki’tona’ga= Kutenai, Upper Kutenai. Kitoonitza= Kitkatla. Kits-ach-la-al’ch=Kitsalthlal. Kitsaosi=Kichai. Kitsagas= Kishgagass. Kitsagatala=Kitsalthlal. Kitsaiches= Kichai. Kitsalas, Kitsalass, Kitsallas—Kitzilas. | Kitsash, Kitsasi, Kits de Singes=Kichai. Kitseesh= Kitzeesh. Kitseguecla, Kitse-gukla—Kitzegukla. | Kit-se-lai-so, Kitselassir, Kitsellase—Kitzilas. Kitsenelah, Kit-se-quahla, Kit-se-quak-la—Kitze- gukla. Kits-ge-goos, Kits-go-gase= Kishgagass. Kitsigeuhlé, Kitsiguchs, Kitsiguhli— Kitzegukla. Kits-lisch, Kitsis=Kitzeesh. Kitsoss= Kichai. Kitspayuchs, Kits-piouse, Kits-pioux, Kits-piox— Kishpiyeoux. Kitspukaloats=Kishpachlaots. Kits-pyonks= Kishpiyeoux. Kits-se-quec-la= Kitzegukla. Ki’tsu= Kichai. Kitsumkalem, Kitsumkalum=Kitzimgaylum. Kitswingahs=Kitwingach. Kitswinscolds=Kitwinskole. Kittak=Kitaix. Kit ta maat= Kitamat. Kittamaque-ink, Kittamaqundi= Kittamaquindi. Kittamarks, Kit-ta-muat=Kitamat. Kitt-and6= Kitunto. Kittaning, Kittaones= Kittanning. Kit-ta-was=Cumshewa. Kitté-ga-re-ut, Kitte-garree-oot, Kit-te-ga-ru—Kite- gareut. Kit-tek, Kitten, Kit-tex—Kitaix. Kittimat=Kitamat. Kit-tistzu= Kittizoo. Kittléan=Kitlani. Kitt-lope=Kitlope. Kittoa= Kituhwa. Kit-too-nuh’-a= Kutenai. Kittowa= Kituhwa. Kittralchla=Kitkatla. Kittumarks= Kitamat. Kittuwa= Cherokee. Kituanaha=Kitunahan Family, Kutenai. Kitihwagi’= Cherokee. Kitunaha= Kitunahan Family, Kutenai. Kitunana, Kituna’ya= Kutenai. Kitwancole, Kit-wan-cool= Kitwinskole. Kit-wang-agh, Kitwangar= Kitwingach. Kitwanshelt= Kitwinshilk. Kit-will-coits; Kitwill, quoitz= Kitwilgioks. Kit, will, su, pat= Kitwilksheba. Kitwint-shieth, Kitwintshilth= Kitwinshilk, Kit-wulg-jats= Kitwilgioks. Kit-wilkse-lé=Kitwilksheba. Kitwunga= Kitwingach. Kitwunkool=Kitwinskole. Kityagoos— Kittizoo. Kit-zilass= Kitzilas. Ki-ua=Santo Domingo. Kiu-ahs-dée=Shongopovyi. Kiukuswéskitchimi-ik= Malecite Kiuses=Cayuse. Kivalhioqua= K walhioqua. Kivalinag-miut— Kevalingamiut Kivalinge= Kechemudluk. Kivichakh= Kyichak. Kivome=Santo Domingo. Kivualinagmut= Kivualinak, Ki’-wa=Santo Domingo. Kiwaa= Kiowa. Kiwaw=Cayuse. Ki’-wo-mi=Santo Domingo. Ki’xmi= Kinugumiut. Ki-ya-hanni, Ki-ya-jani= Kiyahani. Kiyataigmeuten, Kiyaten=Kiatagmiut. 1076 Kiyuksan= Kiyuksa. Kiyuse= Cayuse. Ki-zan’/-ne= Pueblos. Kizh=Gabrieleno. K-kaltat= Kaltag. K ‘kasawi= Kowasayee. K-khaltat=Kaltat. Kkhaltel= Kaltag. Kk»a-lon-Gottineé= Kraylongottine. Kkpayipa-Gottine= Krayiragottine. Kkrayou-Kouttane= Kaiyuhkhotana. Kkpayttchare ottiné=Kawchodinne. Kkpay-tpélé-ottine, Kkpest’ aylé-kké ottiné=Atha- basea. K’kwa’/kum=Kukwakum. Klaamen=Sliammon. Klaat-sop=Clatsop. Klachatah=K likitat. Klackamas, Klackamus, Klackamuss=Clackama. Kleckarpun=Ntlakyapamuk. Klackatacks, Klackatucks= Klikitat. K1a/ecaLxix= Ktlaeshatlkik. K1ia’gulaq= Katlagulak. Klahangamut=KIchakuk. Klahars= Klahosaht. Klahinks= Yakutat. Klah-oh-quaht=Clayoquot. Klahoose=Clahoose. Klahoquaht=Clayoquot. Klahose, Klahous=Clahoose. Klah-wit-sis=Tlauitsis. Klaizarts, Kla-iz-zarts=Makah. Klakalama=Thlakalama. Klakamat=Clackama. Klakatacks= Klikitat. Klakheluk=Neahkeluk. Klakimas=Clackama. Klakwan=Klukwan. Kla-kwul-lum=Cloquallum. Klalams, Klalanes, Klallam=Clallam. Klamacs, Klamaks= Klamath. Klamaskwaltin= Klamasqualtin. Klamat= Klamath. Klamath=Lutuamian Family, Shastan Family. Klamath Lake Indians= Klamath. Klamaths= Yurok. Klamatk= Klamath. Kla-ma-took= Klamatuk. Klameth, Klamets= Klamath. Kia/moix= Katlamoik. Klanoh-klatklam= Kalispel. Klantala= K watami. Kla-oo-qua-ahts, Kla-oo-quates=Clayoquot. Klapatei/tcin= Kapachichin. Klarkinos= K laskino. Klashoose=Clahoose. Klas/-kaino= K laskino. Klasset=Makah. Klass-ki-no= K laskino. Klatawars= Klatanars. Klat-la-wash= Klatlawas. Klat-ol-klin= Katshikotin. Klatolseaquilla—Tlatlasikoala. Klatraps, Klatsaps=Clatsop. Klatscanai, Klatskanai, Klatskania, Klats-ka-nuise— Tlatskanai. Klatsops=Clatsop. Klatstonis=Tlatskanai. Klauoh-klatklam= Kutenai. Klausuna=Tlanusiyi. Kla-wit-sis, Kla-wi-tsush=Tlauitsis. Klawmuts= Klamath. Klaxermette=Taksomiut. Klay-cha-la-tinneh=Thlingchadinne. Klay quoit=Clayoquot. Klay-tinneh=Thlingchadinne. Kl-changamute= Klchakuk. Klech-ah’-mech=Tlkamcheen. Klegutshégamut= Kleguchek. Kleketat=K likitat. Klemook= Tillamook. Klen-ee-kate, Klen-e-kate=Koluschan Family. Kliarakans, Kliavakans=Klinkwan. Klicatat, Klickataats, Klick-a-tacks, Klickatates, Klickatats, Klickitats=Klikitat. Klick-um-cheen, Klickunacheen=T]kamcheen. Klikalats, Klikatat, Kliketan, Kliketat, Klikitat, Klinget=Tlingit. Klinquan=Klinkwan. KIYUKSAN—KOIKHPAGAMUTE [B. A. B. Klin-tchanpe, Klin-tchonpeéh=Lintchanre. Kliquital=Klikitat. Klistinaux, Klistinons, Klistinos—Cree. Kliuquan= Klinkwan. Klo-a-tsul-tshik’=Tutchonekutchin. Klockwaton, Klockwatone= Klochwatone. EK’ logtcé’-yunne= K lothchetunne. Klogigine, Klogidine‘, Klogni= Klogi. Kl'o-ke-ottiné, Klo-kke-Gottine, Klo-kke-ottine= Klokegottine. Klokwan=Klukwan. Kl6-ven-Kouttchin, Klo-vén-Kuttchin=T ukkuth- kutchin. Klowitshis=Tlauitsis. Kluck-hait-kwee= Kluckhaitkwu. Kluckwaton, Kluckwatone= K lochwatone. Klucquan= Klukwan. Klue, Klue’s Village= Koo. Klugaducayn= K lokadakaydn. Klikatat, Klik-ha-tat—Klikitat. Klik-nachadi=Tluknahadi. Klukwan= Kake. Klusklus=Tluskez. Klutagmiut=Klutak. Knacsitares=Gnacsitare. Knaina, Knaiokhotana= Knaiakhotana. Knakanak= Kanakanak. Knaut=Kuaut. Knecktakimut=Chiukak. Kneestenoag=Cree. , Kngalukmut, Kngalukmute=Kugaluk. Kniegnagamute= Kinegnak. Knife Indians= Esbataottine, Ntlakyapamuk. Knik Station= Knakatnuk. Kniktag’emut=Iknetuk. K’niq’-a-mut= Knik. Knisteaux, Knistenaus, Knistenaux, Knisteneau, Knisteneaux, Knisteneux, Knisteno, Knistenoos, Knistinaux, Knistineaux, Knistinos=Cree. Knives=Ntlakyapamuk. Koa= Koi. Koa’antEl= K wantlen. Koahualla= Kawia. : | Koakias=Cahokia. Koakramiut= Koksoagmiut. K’’oa/la= Hoya. Koa/lEqt= Koalekt. K’’oa/pQ= Koapk. eKoaskuna’/=Koiskana. Koassati= Koasati. Ko-a-wis-so-jik= Wakoawissojik. Kocetenays= Kutenai. Kéchéchd Wenénewak= K ojeje-wininewug. Kochkogamute= Kochkok. Kochkomut= Koko. Kochlogtogpagamiut=Kukluktuk. | Kochninakwe, Kochonino= Havasupai. Ko-cke=Cochiti. Koco= Hopi. K‘odalpa-K ‘inago= Dakota. Kodenees= Kutenai. Koahell-vén-Kouttchin= K witchakutchin. Koechies= Kichai. Koeracoenetanon=Coiracoentanon. ‘ Koetenais, Koetenay, Koetinays= Kutenai. Koggiung= Kogiung. Kogholaghi= Unalaska. 5 Kogmollik Mutes=Kopagmiut. Ko-hai, Kohaio= Kuhaia. Kohatk=Quahatika. Ko-ha-yo= Kuhaia. Kohenins= Yayapai. Kohkang, Kohknanamu=Kokyan. Ko’hni’ma, Ko/-hni’ na=Havasupai. Koho=Tanaha. ; Kohoaldje= Paiute, Shivwits. Koho ‘hlté= Taos. Koho-mats-ka-catch-ka, Ko-ho-mut-ki-garts-kar, Ko- ho-muts ka-catch-ka, Ko-ho-muts-ki-gar, Koho- mutskigartokar=Kohamutkikatska. Kohonino= Havasupai. Kohoseraghe= Kanagaro. Koht-ana= Knaiakhotana. Kohun= Yuma. Koi ai vla=Coila. Koianglas= K weundlas. Koienkahe= Karankawa. ; Koikhpagamute, Koikhpagmute=—Ikogmiut. BULL. 30] Ko-iks= Laguna. Koiltca’na= K wilchana. Ko-intchush= Koinchush. Koiotero=Coyoteros. Ko’-i-yak‘=Coos. K’’o’k-aitq = Kokaitk. Kokent’k’ké=Okinagan. Kokesailah= Koksilah. Kokh’ lit innuin=Okiogmiut. Kokhlokhtokpagamute= Kukluktuk. Kokhuene=Cajuenche. Kokmalect=Nuwukmiut. Kokmullit=Nuwuk. Kokob= Kukuch. Ko-k‘oc’/= Coos. Kokok= Kochkok. Kokokiwak=Crows. Ko-ko-mah village= Kokomo. Kokomish=Skokomish. Kokoninos= Havasupai. Kokopa=Cocopa. Kokopnyama= Kokopki. Ko’-kop nyi-mi, Kokop winwi, Ko-kop-wiin-wi= Kokop. K’ ok’-0-ro-t’t/-yu= Pecos. Koksawopalim= Pueblos. Koksoagmyut, Koksoak Innuits= Koksoagmiut. Kokvontan= Kagwagtan. Kok-wai-y-toch= Kokaitk. ce Ko-kyan-a, Kokyan winwi, Ko’-kyun-uih wun-wu= Kokyan. Kolapissas= Acolapissa. Kolatica= Kilatika. Kolchane, Kolchans, Kolchina=Kulchana. Koliugi= Tlingit. Koliva=Koroa. Koljuches, Koljuschen, Koljush, Kolloshians=Tlin- 1t git. Kolmakovsky= Kolmakof. Kolnit=Skilloot. Koloches=Tlingit. i Kolok=Coloc. Kolooch, Koloschen= Koluschan Family. Koloshi= Tlingit. Kolshani= Kulchana, Kolshina= Ahtena. Kolsids, Kolsins=Colcene. Koltchanes, Koltschane, Koltschanen, Koltschaner, Koltshan, Koltshanen, Koltshanes, Koltshani, Koltshany=Kulchana. Kolich=Koluschan Family. Kolumakturook, Kolumatourok, Kolumaturok= Kili- mantavie. Koluschen, Koluschians, Kolush=Koluschan Fam- ily. Kol’/utush=Calapooya. Kolwa=Koroa. Kolyuzhi=Tlingit. Komantsu=Comanche. Komarov Odinotchka= Komarof. Komats=Comanche. Kom/-bo= Yanan Family. K’’o’m’enog= Komenok. Komkiutis= Komkyutis. Komkome’=Tonkawa. K:‘omko’/tEs= Komkutis. K’’0/mkyutis= Komkyutis. Kom Maidium= Achomawi. Ko’/mpabi’anta, Kompa/go= Kiowa. Koms’eka-K’inahyup= Arapaho. K’‘0/moks, Ko-mookhs=Comox. Ko’/mpabi’anta= Kiowa. Ko-mun’-i-tup/-i-o= Nez Percés. Komux=Comox. Kona=Skedans. Konagens, Konagis= Kaniagmiut. Konapee= Konope. Konasadagea= Canadasaga. Konasgi= Kaniagmiut. Konasoa, Konassa—Canadasaga. Konatines= Kanohatino. Konaz=Kansa. Ko-ne-a kun=Comiakin. Kone-Konep= Konekonlp. Kongigamut, Kongigamute= Kungugemiut. Kongiganagamute= Kongiganak. Koniagi, Koniagmutes= Kaniagmiut. Koniata=Tonihata. Konick=Cooniac. K0O-IKS—KOSH-SHO’-O | | ) | | 1077 Konigunugumut=Kongiganak. Konino= Havasupai. Konjagen=Esquimauan Family, Kaniagmiut. Konkhandeenhronon=Conkhandeenrhonon. Konkoné= Tonkawa. Ko’slo=Konglo. Konnaack=Cooniac. Konnaudaugua=Canandaigua. Konoatinnos= Kanohatino. Konondaigua= Canandaigua. Kononwarohare=Ganowarohare. Konootena= Kanuti. Konoshioni, Konossioni= Iroquois. Konowiki=Conoy. Konsa, Konses=Kansa. Konshaws=Coosha. Kontarea=Contarea. Konuaga=Caughnawaga. Konungzi Oniga.= Iroquois. Ko"ya-tdo’a= Kungya. Konza= Kansa. Kon-za= Kanze. Kooagamutes= Kowagmiut. Kooagomutes= Kunmiut. Koo-a-sah-te= K oasati. Koo-cha-koo-chin= Kutchakutchin. Koo-chee-ta-kee, Koo-che-ta-kers= K otsoteka. Koochin= Kutchin. Koo-chi-ta-ker= Kotsoteka. Koogmute= Kunmiut. tKo-oh-lok-ta-que= Kalokta. Kooigamute= K wik. Kook-a-tee= Hokedi. Kook-koo-oose= Coos. Kookpovoros, Kookpowro miut. Kook-wai-wai-toh= Kokaitk. Kool= Kuneste. Koolsaticara, Koolsatik-ara= Kotsoteka. Koolvagavigamute= Kulvagavik. Koomen= Panamenik. Koona=Skedans. Koonjeskie= Kunjeskie. Koo-og-ameuts= Kowagmiut. Kooq Mutes= Kunmiut. Koogotla’né= Kookotlane. Koosah= Kusa. Koo-sam=Husam. Kooskimo= Koskimo. Koot=Got. Kootames, Kootanais, Kootanay, Kootanie=Kute- nai. Kootanies=Kitunahan Family. Koo-tche-noos= Hutsnuwu. Koo-tchin’= Kutchin. K6o-tdoa= Koo. Kootenai= Kitunahan Family. Kootenai, Kootenaies, Kootenais, Kootenay, Koo- tenia= Kutenai. Kootenuha= Kitunahan Family. Kooténuha, Kootones, Kootoonais= Kutenai. Kootsenoos, Kootsnovskie, Kootznahoo, Kootznoos Kootznov=Hutsnuwu. Koovuk=Kowak. Ko-pa=Gupa. Kopa=Creeks. Mutes= Kukpaurung- _ Kopachichin= Kapachichin. Kopagmut, Kopang-meiin= K opagmiut. Ko-paya=Tulkepaia. Ko-pe=Copeh. Kopi»-tdéa= Kuping. K ‘op-tagui=Jicarilla, Koquahpilt= Koquapilt. Koqueightuk= Kokaitk. Koquilth= Wishosk. Koquitan—Coquitlam. Koracocnitonon, Korakoenitanon=Coiracoentanon. Korekins= Karkin. Korenkake= Karankawa. Korimen= Keremen Korkone= Tonkawa. Koronks= Karankawa. Korovinsky= Korovinski. Ko-sa-te’ha"-ya/= K oasati. Koschiginskoje= Kashega. Ko-‘se-a-ye/-nyo">= Cayuga. Kose-kemoe= Koskimo. Koshegenskoi, Koshigin, Koshiginskoe= Kashega. Kosh-sho’-o= Kassoyo. 1078 Kosimo, Koskeemos, K-osk’é/moq, Koskiemo, Kos’- ki-mo, Kos-ki-mu= Koskimo, Koskoquims= Kusk wogmiut. Koskumos= Koskimo. Kosmitas, Kosmiti= Hosmite. Koso= Hopi. Ko-so-a-cha= Kosotshe. K’o-so-o= Hopi. 0s’-0-tcé’/= Kosotshe. o+s/-tco-te’-ka= Kotsoteka. Ko-stété= Laguna. Kostshotéka= Kotsoteka. Ko-sul-te-me= K wusathlkhuntunne. Kosumnes=Cosumni. Kosyrof=Koserefski. Kotakoutouemi= Otaguottouemin. Kot-a-Kutchin, Kotch-a-Kutchin= Kutchakutchin. Kotchitchi-wininiwak= Kojejewininewug. Ko-té-yi-miks= Kutaiimiks. Ko’tiyti, Kot-ji-ti=Cochiti. Ko-toh’-spi-tup’-i-o= Salish. K’ otsaa/= Kio. Kotsokhotana= Kungugemiut. Ko-tyi-ti=Cochiti. Kotzebue= Kikiktak. K8ak8ak8chiouets, K8ak8chi8ets, Kotakouikouesi- pute Kouakouikouesiwek = Wakouingouechi- wek. Kouans= Kohani. K8apahag= K wapahag. Kouaras=Quaras. Kouari=Schoharie. Kouas= Kawas. Ko-uadvi=Tulkepaia. Kouayan, Kouayon=Kouyam. Koudekan=Gaudekan. Kouera= Koroa. Kougotis= Komkutis. Kouivakouintanouas=Coiracoentanon. Koukhontans= Kagwantan. Kouksoarmiut= K oksoagmiut. Koulischen=Koluschan Family. Koumchaouas=Cumshewa. Ko-un=Tontos, Tulkepaia. K8na8ons= Kounaouons. Kourona, Kourovas= Koroa. Kouscha Kouttchin= Kutchakutchin. Kouse= Coos. Koushnous= Hutsnuwu. Kouskokhantses= Kuskwogmiut. Koutaines, Koutanis= Kutenai. Ko-utchan= Yuma. Koutonais=Kutenai. Koutzenoos, Koutznous= Hutsnuwu. Kouyou=Kuiu. Kowag-mut= Kowagmiut. Kowai=Salmon River Indians. Kowailchew, Kow-ait-chen=Cowichan. Kowalitsks=Cowlitz. Kowang-méun= Kowagmiut. Kow-a/-sah= Kawaiisu. Ko-was-ta= Kohashti. Kowavi=Tulkepaia. Kowelits, Kowelitsk=Cowlitz. Kowes, Kowes Bay=Coos. Kow-hé-tah= Kawita. Ko-wilth= Wishosk. Kowitchans, Kowitsin=Cowichan. Kowlitz=Cowlitz. Kowmook=Comox. Kowogoconughariegugharie= Kowogoconnugharie- gugharie. Kowronas= Koroa. Kowwasayes, Kowwassaye, Kowwassayee= Kowa- sayee. Kow welth=Chaahl. Koxnina kwe, Kéxniname= Hayasupai. Ko-ya-ta, Ko-ya-te, Ko-ya-tes, Ko-ye-to— Koyeti. Ko-yo-konk-ha-ka=Cayuga. Koyona winwi, Ko-yo’-io wiin-wi=Koyonya. Koyoshtu= Hano. Koyoukon= Koyukukhotana. Koyoukouk-Kouttane=Koyukukhotana. Koyu= Kuiu. Koyugmut=Koyugmiut. yoke (River), Koyukuk settlements=Koyu- cuk. Koyukin, Koyikunskoi= Koyukukhotana. Ko-za-bi-ti-kut-teh= Kotsaya. KOSIMO—KU’/KANiS ‘HY AKA-HANOQ™ [B. A. BE. Kozyrof= Koserefski. Kqai-cuk=Khaishuk. K’ qai-ki-te’im= K haikuchum, Kqai-yuk’-kqai= Khaiyukkhai. K’qai-ya-mi-3i=K haiyumitu. Kqa-kqaite’=Khakhaich. K’ qate-qais’= Khachtais. K’ gil/-tq= Khilukh. K’ gi-nuq’ 3inné= Khinukhtunne, Kqi’-ta-lai’t’ ¢é= Khitalaitthe. Kgqlim-kwaic’/= Khlimkwaish. K’gloc’-le-qwit/-tce= Khloshlekhwutshe. Kqlo-qwai yi-tslu= Khlokhwaiyutslu. K’qlo-qwec yinné=Coos, Kalawatset, Siuslaw. K’qolg=Kholkh. Kgoptle/nik=Colville. Kqil-hanct’-auk=Khulhanshtauk. Kqu-wai-hus= Khuwaius. Kpagmalit, Kpagmalivect, Kpagmaliveit, Kpamalit, Kramalit, Kpavanaptat=Kitegareut. Kreeks=Creeks. Krees=Cree. Kreluit=Skilloot. Krichos=Creeks. Kricqs, Kries=Cree. Krihk=Creeks. Kpikeptalopméut= Ugjulirmiut. Kripniyukamiut=Kipniak. Kriqs, Kris, Kristenaux, Kristeneaux, Kristinaux, Kristino=Cree. Kroaout=Kuaut. Kpoteylo eut, Kpoteyopeut=Kitegareut. Kshkushking= Kuskuski. K‘’tatas=Shanwappom. Ktea/m= Kicham., Ktzialtana=Kulchana. Ku-ag-mut=Kowagmiut. Kuahadi= K wahari. Kuaja=K wahu. Kua-kaa=San Marcos. Kua-kay= Kuakaa. Kuakumtcen= Kuakumchen. Kuz-kyi-na=Kwakina. Kualiug-miut=Kugaluk. Kualt=Kuaut. Kualyugmut=Kugaluk. Kuangmiut= Kowagmiut. Kuant=Kuaut. Kubakhye= Kawaiisu. Ku’beratpat=Penateka. Kubok= Kowak. Ku-chi-bich-i-wa-nap’ Pal-up’=Tubatulabal. Kiuchin= Kutchin. Kichnikwe= Havasupai. Kuce’-le-ta’/-ta= Kushletata. Kud-witcaca= Kutawichasha. Kueh’a= Komoyue. Kuenytigu-haka=Cayuga. Kueé’/qa=Kueha, Komoyue. Kue’xa= Komoyue. Kuée/xamut=Guetela. Kugalukmut, Kugalukmute= Kugaluk. Kugmiut= Kunmiut. : Kuhn=Tulkepaia. Kuhnauwantheew=Conoy. Kuhni kwe, Ku’h-nis= Havasupai. Kuhns=Tontos. Z Kuw’htche-té’yka= Kotsoteka. Roniaanie =e yhashti. Kuicha= Komoyue. Kuik= Atnik. Kuikawkuk= Hawikuh. Kuikli= Kwik. Kuikni= Molala. Ki-i-lité=Kuilitsh. Kuilka= Kaskaskia. Kuilkhlogamute= Kuilkluk. Kuille-pates=Quileute. Kui-much-qui-toch= Kimsquit. Kuin-ae-alts= Quinaielt. Kuinskanaht=Koiskana. Kuisaatin= K wilchana. Kuitare/-i= Pawnee. Ku-ite=Kuitsh. Kuizan= Yuma. Kujata=Kiatang. Kujéédi= Kuyedi. Kuju-kon= Kouyou. | Ki’kanis‘hyaka-hanoq=Kukinishyaka. so he — BULL. 30] Kukanuwu=Huna. Kukapa=Cocopa. Kikettan=Kokhittan. Kukhn-yak=Cooniac. Kukhpagmiut=Kopagmiut. Kuk-ke-wa-on-an-ing= Wequadong. Ku-kua=San Marcos. Kii’-ku-tci, Kii’-kute wun-wii= Kukuchi. Kukuth-kutchin=Tukkuthkutchin, Kukuts, Kukutsi= Kukuch. Ku-kwil’, Ku-kwil’jfinné, Ku-kwil’-tiin junné= Mi- shikhwutmetunne.- Ka ‘lahi= Kuhlahi. Kulahuasa=Calahuasa. Kula’ Kai Po’mo= Keliopoma. Kula-napo, Kulanopo= Kuhlanapo. Kula’pten’elt= Quelaptoulilt. Kuldo, Kuldoe= Kauldaw. Ku-lees, Ku-leets=K ulleets. Kul-hil-atsi= Kadohadacho. Ki-lis’-kite hite/lim=Taltushtuntude. Kulj-khlugamute= Kuilkluk. Kulkuisala= Koksilah. Kulkumic= Kulkumish. Kullas Palus, Kullespelm, Kullespen= Kalispel. Kulluk= Kulukak. Kul’-meh= Yiikulme. Kulo=-téwa=Konglo. K'ulpa ki’ako= Kretan. Kulsage= Kulsetsiyi. Kilsam-Tgé-us, Kuls-Tgé-ush= Kulshtgeush. Kulua, Kulwa=Koroa. Kulwoguwigumut=Kulvagavik. Ki-man-i-a-kwe=Comanche. Kumas’ jainné= Kimestunne. Kumbatkni, Kimbatuashkni, Kumbatwash=Kum- batuash. Kum-cutes, Kumkewtis= Komkyutis. Kumnom=Nuimok. Kumshahas, Kumshewa, Kumshiwa=Cumshewa. Ku/-mu= Kunipalgi. Kumumbar=Cumumbah. Kun=Tulkepaia, Yuma. K°'u/na=Skedans. Kutaii-tdéa= Kungaii. K’’unaké/owai=Kona-kegawai. Kunana=Nahane. Kufétdi-tdoa— Kungfetdi. Kungeeg-ameuts, Kiungigemut= Kungugemiut. Ki-nis’ yinné= Alsea. Kun la’/nas= Kuna-lanas. Kunmiun=Kunmiut. Kinmid’/lin— Kangmaligmiut. Kun na-nar-wesh= Arapaho. K’ in-nu’-pi-yu’= Kunnupiyu. Kunoagon=Connewango. Ku"pi-tdéa= Kungpi. Kungit= Gunghet-haidagai. Kunshak bolukta=Concha. Ku"ta-witcaca= Kutawichasha. Kin-tdoa= Kun. Ku"tsa-tdoa= Kungtsa. Ku"tsei-tdéa= Kungtsei. Ku "tsoa-tdéa= Kungtsoa. Ku’nu-haya’/nu= Potawatomi. *Kiuin-in-ah’=Tahltan. Kunwicasa= Kutawichasha. Kun,yit=Gunghet-haidagai. Kunya-tdoa, Ku"ye-tdoa= Kungya. Kunyi-tdoa= Kungyi. Kun’-za= Kanze. Ku66lt-e=K wantlen. Kuostgru= Kuosugru. Ku-di’-mig¢l-ta’/= Kupimithlta. Kupi"-tdoa, Kupi-toda=Kuping. Kupinimiun=K opagmiut. Kirahi’yi= Kulahiyi. Kuraintu-kwakats= K waiantikwokets. Kurtz= Kurts. Kupvik= Kopagmiut. Kuts=Coos. Kus=Okuwa. Kusa=Coos, Creeks. Ku’sa-niina’hi=Creek Path. Ku’sawet’/yi=—Cusawatee. Kuscarawaoks, Kuscarg wocks=Cuscarawaoc, Kus-ché-o-tin= Kezche. KUKANUWU—KU/YAKINCHI 1079 Kusch-ké-ti= Koskedi. Kuschkukchwak-miiten= Kuskwogmiut. Bus gla’ yinné/=Salwahka. usha=Coosha. Kushacton= Coshocton. Kushak=Coosha. Kushak Chitto=Conchachitou. Kushak osapa=Conshaconsapa. Kushak tikpi=Conchatikpi. Kushang= Kashong. Kushcushkec= Kuskuski. Kushichagat= Vagitchitchate. Kush-Kish= Usal. Heasbeuchkoe} Kushkushking, Kushkuskies=Kus- uski. Kushocton=Coshocton. Kushokwagmut= Kuskwogmiut. Ku/shpélu= Kalispel. Kushutuk= Kashutuk. Kusil=Cascil. Kusilvuk= Kusilvak. Ku-si-pah= K osipatuwiwagaiyu. Kusi-Utahs=Gosiute. Kuskaranaocke, Kuskaraweck=Cuscarawaoc. Kusk-édi= Koskedi. Kuskeiskees= Kaskaskia. Kus-ke-mu= Koskimo. Kuskogamute, Kuskohkagamiut= Kuskok. Kusko ktiax tana= Kuskwogmiut. Kuskokvagamute, Kuskokvagmute= Kuskok. Kuskokvakh= Kuskokvak. Kuskokwagamute=K uskok. Kuskokwigmjuten=Kuskwogmiut. Kuskokwim= Kulchana, Kuskwogmiut. : Kuskokwimer, Kuskokwimjuts, Kuskokwims, Ku- skokwimtsi= Kuskwogmiut. | Kuskoquimers=Kulchana. Kuskovak, Kuskovakh=Kuskokvak. Kuskuschki, Kuskuskas= Kuskuski. Kuskuske= Kaskaskia. Kuskuskees, Kuskuskies, Kuskuskin, Kuskusko Town, Kuskusky= K uskuski. Kuskutchewak, Kuskutshewak, Kuskwogmut=Ku- skwogmiut. Kius-me’ 3fiinné=Coos. Ku-so-cha-to-ny= Kosotshe. Kuspélu= Kutenai. Kussilof= Kasilof. Kussoe= Coosa. Kusta Haade=Kiusta. Kustaloga—Custaloga’s Town. u/-su-me/ yuinné= Kosotshe. utanas, Kitani= Kutenai. Kutani, Kitanis=Kitunahan Family. KutchaaKuttchin, Kutcha-kutchi= Kutchakutchin Kutch’-d-kutch’-in= K witchakutchin. Kutchan= Yuma. Kutchia Kuttchin= Kutchakutchin. Kutcitciwininiwag= Kojejewininewug. Ku-jou-wi/-t’¢é= Kutshuwitthe. K’u-td6éa=Ku. Kutenae, Kutenay=Kutenai. Kutkwutlu= Katkwaahltu. Kutlik=Kotlik. Kutneha’, Kutona, Kutonacha, Kutonaqa, Kutonas= Kutenai. Ku-towa=Ku. Ku-t’qin= Kutchin. Ki’ts= Kurts. Kutsha-kutshi= Kutchakutchin. Kutshi, Kutshin= Kutchin. Kutsnovskoe= Hutsnuwu. Kuttelspelm= Kalispel. Kuttoowauw=Cherokee. Kutzén= Yuma. Ku’/-u-ki=Sacaton. Ku-i/-sha=Creeks. Kiuts=Kuts. Ku-ux-ews= Kiyuksa. Kuvahaivima=Serranos. Kuwahi’= Keowee. Kiu-wa’-ku-che= Koakotsalgi. Ku-we-vé-ka pai-ya= Yavapai. Kiiwhaia= Kuhaia. Kuwichpackmuten=Ikogmiut. Kuwtinmiun= Kowagmiut. nt K!u’/xinedi= Kuhinedi. | Kuyni-kue= Havasupai. | Kuyakinchi= Koyukukhotana, 1080 Kuyalegees= Kailaidshi. Ku Ya-mung-ge=Cuyamunque. Kuyawas= Kiowa. Kuyukak=Kuiukuk. Kiyukantsi= Koyukukhotana. Kuyuktolik= Koyuktolik. Kuytiku-haga—Cayuga. Kuyukuks, Kuyukunski= Koyukukhotana. Kuyutskoe= Kuiu. Kuzlakes=Tluskez. Kvieg-miut, Kvieguk-miut=Kviguk. Kvigathlogamute= Kvigatluk. Kvigmut= Kwik. Kvigukmut=Kyiguk. Kvikh= Kwik. Kvikhagamut=Kvikak. Kvinghak-mioute, Kvinkhakmut=Kyinkak. Kviougmioute= Kwik. Kvishti= Paguate. Kwa=Kwahu. Kwa-ai’-te’ I= K waitshi. Kwaaksat= Hoh. Kwa’g'ul, Kwagutl=Kwakiutl. Kwahada, Kwa’hadi= K wahari. Kwahadk‘=Quahatika. Kwahare tetchaykane= K wahari. Kwahkewlth=K wakiutl. Kwahnt-len=K wantlen. Kwahu winwt, Kwa/-hi-wiin-wi=Kwahu. Kwaiantl=Quinaielt. Kwaihantlas Haade=K weundlas, Kwaitlens=K wantlen. Kwakiool= K wakiutl. Kwakiutl=Wakashan Family. Kwa/kok'tL=K wakokutl. Kwakoom=Kukwakum. Kwa/kowénéx= K wakowenok. Kwa-kuhl=K wakiutl. KwakuqEmal ’énéx= Kwakukemalenok. Kwakwakouchiouets= Wakouingouechiwek. K!walasints= K walasints. -Kwa-le-cum=Saamen. Kwalhiokwas=K walhiloqua. Kwa/li=Qualla. Kwaliokwa=K walhioqua. Kwalin’yi=Qualla. Kwan-le-cum=Saamen. Kwantlin, Kwantlum, Kwantlun=Kwantlen. Kwan wun-wi=K wan. Kwapa, Kwapa-¢egiha, Kwapa-Dhegiha—Quapaw. Kwashillas, Kwasila=Goasila. Kwa-ja/-mé yinne’= K watami. Kwat-kewlth= K wakiutl. Kwat-seno, Kwats’enoq, Kwatsino=Quatsino. K’ watimati/-tené= K watami. Kwat-zi-no=Quatsino. Kwauaenoq, Kwa-wa-ai-nuk, Kwa-wa-a-nuk=Guau- aenok. Kwaw-kewlth=K wakiutl. Kwaw-kwaw-apiet, Kwawkwawapilt=Koquapilt. Kwaw-kwelch= Kwakiutl. Kwaw-ma-chin=Quamichan. Kwaw-she-lah=Goasila. Kwawt-se-no=Quatsino. Kwayo winwt, Kwa/-yo win-wi=Kwayo. Kwe-ah-kah= Komoyue. Kwe-ah-kah Saich-kioie-tachs= Kueha. Kwédéch’= Mohawk. Kwe-deé-tut—Quileute. Kweé-ahogemut=K wiahok. Kweegamiut= Kwik. Kweet=Quaitso. Kwégamut= Kwik. Kwéhts-hu=Quaitso. K-we’k'sot’énog= Koeksotenok. Kwenaiwitl=Quinaielt. Kwe-nét-che-chat, Kwe-nét-sat’h= Makah. Kwent-le-ah-mish= K wehtlmamish. Kwéres=Keresan Family. Kwetcap tutwi= Kuchaptuvela. Kwe’/tEla=Tsimshian. Kwetso= Quaitso. Kwe/-wi-iih wiin-wi, Kwewu winwi=Kwewu. Kwi-ah-kah= Komoyue. Kwichag-mit= Kiatagmiut. sole oe ae Kwichpacker, Kwichpagmju- ten, Kwichpak Indians=Ikogmiut. Kwick-so-ten-o= Koeksotenok. Kwigalogamut, Kwigalogamute=Kwikak. Kwigamiut, Kwigamute= Kwik. KUYALEGEES—LA BARRANCAS [B. A. B. Kwigathlogamute, Kwigathlogumut=K vigatluk. Kwi-ha=Kueha. re Kwikagamiut, Kwikagamut—Kwikak. Kwikapa=Cocopa. Kwikh= Kwik. Kwikhluagemut=K wikluagmiut. Kwikhpag’emut=K wikpagmiut. Kwikhpagmut=Ikogmiut. Kwi’/koaénox= K wikoaenok. Kwikotlem=Coquitlam. Kwiksot’enoq, Kwik’-so-tino=Koeksotenok. Kwi‘kwitlEm=Coquitlam. Kwikwi/lit= Watlala. Kwil-aic’-auk= K wilaishauk. Kwille-hates, Kwilléhiut, Kwilleut, Kwilleyhuts, Kwilleyute=Quileute. Kwillu’chinl=Cathlamet. Kwinaith, Kwinaitl, Kwinaiult, Kwinaiutl’=Qui- naielt. Kwinishtkineihaki=Queenashawakee. Kwi/nobi, Kwin-yap win-wi=K wingyap. Kwistyi=Paguate. wi sut/-qwit=Kthutetmetseetuttun, witara/-a= Pawnee. Kwitchia-Kutchin= K witchakutchin. Kwi’tctenEm=K wichtenem. Kwiteydna= Yuma. Kwithluag’emut=K wikluagmiut. Kwittcha-Kuttchin= K witchakutchin. Kwohatk=Quahatika. Kwois-kun-a’= Koiskana. Kwokw60s=Coos. Kworatems=Kworatem. Kwoshonipu=Chimariko. Kwout=Kuaut. Kwowahtewug= Mandan. Kwsi-30i-30u/= K wsichichu. Kwi’da= Kiowa. Kwil-ai-cau-ik=K wulaishauik. Kwil-hat-iin-nite’/=K wulhauunnitsh. Kwulkwul=Nayakololay. Kwil-laic=Kwullaish. Kwil’-laq-t’au-ik= K wullakhtauik. Kwulseet=Colcene. Kwil-tci’-tci-tcéck’= K wultshitshitseshk. Kwil-4sai-ya=K wultsaiya. Kwun Haade=Skedans. Kwun Lennas=Kuna-lanas. Kwiis-atel/-qtin yin/né= K wusathlkhuntunne. Kwis-se’-yin=K ushetunne. Kwiu-teh-ni=K waiailk. Kwit/-ti-tcun’-t’sé= K wuttitshuntthe. Kwygyschpainagmiut=K winak. Kyagantaiahounhin= Aleut. Kyacks=Kake. Kyahagah=Cayahoga. Kyahuntgate, Kyahwilgate— Keyerhwotket. Kyakima, K’ya/-ki-me= Kiakima. Kya-kuina= Kk wakina. Kyanamara=Gallinomero. K‘ya-na-thlana-kwe= Laguna. K’ya-na-we=Kechipauan, Kya/nusla=Kianusili. Kyaukw=Tillamook. Kyaways= Kiowa. Kycu-cut=Kyuquot. Kye-use= Cayuse. Kyewaw=Kiawaw. Kygani=Kaigani. Kyganie=Skittagetan Family. Kyganies, Kygany, Kygargey, Kygarney=Kaigani. Kyia‘hl= Kyialish. Kyia/Itkoangas=Kialdagwuns. Kyiks’adé= Kiksadi. Kyis=Kichai. Ky’ it’st’a=Kiusta. Kyoose=Cayuse. Kyo’p’énoq= Koprino. Kyristin8ns—Cree. Kyspyox=Kishpachlaots. Ky-uk-aht=Kyuquot. . Kyu/-kite hitclim=Takelma. Ky-wk-aht, Ky-yoh-quaht= K yuquot. Laa/laqsEnt’aio, La/alaxsEnt’aio—Laalaksentaio. | Laaluis=Tlaaluis. La-ap-tin= Nez Pérces. La Barrancas= Barrancas, eT BULL. 30] Laboba=Saboba. La Boco del Arroyo=Boco del Arroyo. La Canada=Santa Cruz. Lacane= Lacame. La Canoa=Canoa. Laccaya=Sakaya. Lac Court d’Oreille band, Lac Court Oreille Band, Lac Court Orielles, Lac Court Orville, Lac Coutereille= Lac Court Oreilles. Lac de deux Montagne, Lac de Deux Montagnes— Oka. Lac du Flambeau= Wauswagiming. LacgEnEmaxiy=Tlashgenemaki. Lachal-sap= Lakkulzap. Lachaways= Alachua. La-ches=Tachi. La Cienega, La Cienegia, La Cienguilla—Cienega. Lack-al-sap= Lakkulzap. Lackaway= Alachua. Lack-Bows=Sans Arcs. Lackweips=Lakweip. La Cloche=Chibaouinani. Laco=Lageay. Lacomnis=Sekumne. La Concepcion=Purisima Concepcién de Asinais. La Concepcion Bamoa= Bamoa. La Concepcion de Quarac=Quarai. La Conception=Ossossane, Totiakton. Lacopseles=Tlascopsel. Lacota, La-cotahs= Dakota. Lacquesumne= Lakisumne. Lac qui Parle band, Lacquiparle Indians= Mdeiye- dan. La-Croix= Anamiewatigong. Lac Shatac—Chetac Lake. Lac Traverse band=Kahra. La Dalle Indians, Indians. Ladaxat=Hladakhat. Laek que lib la, Laek-que-lit-ka—Lekwiltok. La Encarnacion, La Encarnacion del Sutaquison= Sudacson. La’enuxuma= Laenukhuma. La Estancia= Estancia. La Fallorine= Munominikasheenhug. La Feuille’s band= Kiyuksa. La Follovoine=Munominikasheenhug. La Gallette=Oswegatchie. Lagana= Laguna. La Gattell—Oswegatchie. %a'gi=Hlagi. Lagoons=Tolowa. Lagouna= Laguna. La Gran Quivira=Tabira. Laguna=Tatagua. ~ Laguna del Capitan Pablo=San Pablo. Laguna del Hospital=Camani. Laguna de San Pablo=San Pablo. Lagunas=Timpaiavats. Lagune, Lagunians, La haguna= Laguna. Lahama=Lahanna. La Have, La Heve=Le Have. Eahayi’kqoan= Yakutat. Lahouita=Kawita. Lahtohs= Methow. Laich-Kwil-tacks=Lekwiltok. Laida, Laidennoj= Kasnotchin. Laitanes=Ietan. La Jolla=La Joya. Lak, Lakamellos=Clear Lake Indians. La Kar=Ietan. Lake Calhoun band=Kheyataotonwe. Lake Indians=Dwamish, Lower Kutenai, Seni- jextee, Timpaiayats. La’k!élak, La’k!elaq—Clatsop. Lake of the Two Mountains=Oka. Lake Winnebagoshish band = Winnebegoshishi- wininewak. Lake Winnipeg band=Nibowisibiwininiwak. Lakhamute=Ugalakmiut. Lakmiuk=Lakmiut. Lakota= Dakota. Lak»’-an=Klukwan. La’kuilila=Walas K wakiutl. Lalachsent’aio= Laalaksentaio. La Laguna=Camani. La’Lasiqoala, La’Lasiqwala=Tlatlasikoala. La/lauiLEla=Lalauitlela. los Ma <6 we LABOBA—LAW ANAKANUCK 1081 La/legak=Tlalegak. LaLela/min=Tlatlelamin. Laleshiknom= Kato. La Litanes=Ietan. Lal Linches=Talinchi. ‘La ‘lo-algi= Hlahloalgi. ‘La ‘lo-kalka= Hlahlokalka. La Loup=Skidi. Lama= Lema. La-malle=Chelamela. La Mar=Omaha. Lamasket= Namasket. Lamatan= Huron. La Merced= Merced. La Mesa=Temalwahish. Lamikas=Rancocas. Lamoines= Laimon. La Montagne= Onondaga. Lamparacks=Ditsakana. Lam xei’yat=Wakanasisi. Lana=Tano. Lanahltungua, La’-na xé’-gAns=Lanahawa. Lanaxk=Tlanak. Land Pitches=Sanpet. Lanecy=Lipan. Lanegados= Anegados. Langley=Kwantlen. L’Anguille= Kenapacomaqua. Langundowi-Oteey, Languntoutenuenk, Languntou- tenunk= Languntennenk. Lanos= Manso. L’anse= Wequadong. ‘Lanudshi apala= Hlanudshiapala. Laousteque=Texas. La Paddo=Comanche. Lapahégi= Arapaho. | Lapan, Lapanas, Lapane, Lapanne=Lipan. La Dalles Indians=—Dalles | La-pap-poos, Lapappu=Lapapu. La Pienés House Indians=Tukkuthkutchin. | La Plais=Comanche. ‘Lap-‘lako= Hlaphlako. La Play, La Playes=Comanche. Lapointe, La Pointe band, Lapointe du S(ain)t. Es- prit=Shaugawaumikong. la Pong= Ponca. La Ponite Chagauamegou=Shaugawaumikong. La Porcelaine= Metoac. Lapototot= Lopotatimni. La Prairie de la Madelaine, La Prairie de la Magde- laine= La Prairie. La Présentation=Oswegatchie. La Purificacion de la Virgen de Alona= Halona. La Purisima de Zuni=Zuhi. La Purissima Conception=Cadegomo. LatqaLala=Tlakatlala. La’qaui=Lakaui. Laquaacha= Yukichetunne. Laq’uyi’p=Lakweip. Laramari=Tarahumare. L’Arbrech-roche, L’Arbre Croche, L’Arbre Waganakisi. la Ree= Arikara. Large Hanga= Banga. Large People=Chito. La’ri’hta= Comanche. Lar-li-e-lo=Spokan. La Rochelle=Ossossane. La Rosario=Santa Rosario. Lartielo, Lar-ti-e-to’s Nation=Spokan. Las Barancas, Las Barrancas=Barrancas. La Soledad=Soledad Indians. La Sone=Sonoita. L!a’sq!énox"= K laskino. Lastekas, Las Tesas, Las Texas, Lasticas=Texas. Last Lodge= Kanze. Lasues= Dakota. La’-ta-da= Dhatada. Latchione, Latchivue— Alachua. Lat‘gat°wat=Upper Takelma. Latiléntasks= Adirondack. La Tinaja, La Tinaoca=Tinajas. Lati-u, Latiwe=Molala. La Tota=Tota. Latsop=Clatsop. Lauanakanuck= Lawunkhannek. Lau’itsis=Tlauitsis. Bawa’k=Klawak. Lawanakanuck, Lawenakanuck, Lawunahhannek, Lawunakhannek= Lawunkhannek. Cruche= 1082 ba/xayik—= Hlahayik. Eaxq !'xo-an= Hlukkuhoan. La’xsé= Haailakyemae. Lay-skik= Kloo. Layamon= Laimon. Laydanoprodevskie= Ledyanoprolivskoe. Laylekeean= Lelikian. Layma= Laguna. Laymon, Layména, Laymones=Laimon. Laysamite= Lesamaiti. Lazars=I]linois. La Zoto= Oto. Leta’/méctix=Seamysty. LdA‘Idji tama’-i=Tlduldji. Leaf Bed= Wahpekute. Leaf (Indians), Leaf Nation, Leaf Villagers= Wah- peton. Leapers=Chippewa. Leather Village=Koserefski. Lecatuit=Likatuit. Lecawgoes=Secawgo. Lecha (Indians) =Gachwechnagechga. Lechavaksein, Lechawaxen=Lackawaxen. L’Ecureuil=Ecureuil. Leda’unikacisga= Lunikashinga. Lee-Biches=Shivwits. Leeca=Ceca. Leech River=Pillager. Lee-ha-taus=Ietan. Lee Panis, Lee Pawnees=Lipan. Leequeeltoch=Lekwiltok. Left hand= Assiniboin. Legionville=Shenango. Legs=Three Legs Town. Lehigh (Indians )=Gachwechnagechga. Le’-hu wun-wu=Lehu. Leja-ga-dat-cah= Lejagadatkah. Lek’a’mEl= Nicomen. ‘Lekatchka= Hlekatchka. ‘Le katska= Hlekatska. Lekulks=Sokulk. : Lékwildatx", Lé’kwiltoq=Lekwiltok. ‘Leldin=Tlelding. Lé’lewag ila= Lelewagyila. Lé/Lgét, Le’/Lqéte=—Tletlket. LEma/itEme= K]umaitumsh. Lematica=Lilmalche. Lemerlanans= Paouites. Lemparack= Ditsakana. Lenais, Lenalenape, Lenalinepies, Lenap, Lenape, Lenapegi, Lenappe, Lenappys, Lenawpes=Dela- ware. Le-nay-wosh=Tenawa. L!éne/di=Tlenedi. Lenekees=Seneca. Lenelenape, Lenelenoppes, Lenepee, Leni-Lenape, Lenna-lenape, Lennape, Lennapewi, Lenni-lappe, Lenni-Lendpe, Lenni-Lenndpe, Lenno Lenapees, Lenno Lenapi, Lenno-Lennape, Lenopi, Lenoppea= Delaware. Lentis= Lentes. Leonopi, Leonopy= Delaware. Leon’s Creek= Lions Creek. Lepan, Le Panis=Lipan. Lepeguanes= Tepehuane. Le Plays=Comanche. Le’q’Em=Tlekem. Les Caribou= Attikiriniouetch. Les Chaudieres=Colville. Les Coeurs d’Alénes=Skitswish. Les Folles, Les Fols= Menominee. Les gens des caruts= Watopapinah. (les) Honctons, (les) Jantons= Yankton. Les Mandals= Mandan. Les Missouris= Missouri. Lesnoi, Lesnova= Liesnoi. Les Octata, Les Octotata=Oto. Lespaia=Encinal. Les pancaké= Kansa. Les Pongs= Ponca. Les Radiqueurs=Shoshoko. Lesser Osage= Utsehta. Les Souliers=Amahami. Letaiyo winwu=Letaiyo. Let-e-nugh-shonee=Iroquois. Letniki-Takaiak=Takaiak. Let-tegh-segh-ni-geghtee= Onondaga. Leunis, Leutis=Lentes. Lewis River Band= Klikitat. %A/XAYIK—LITTLE TALISI [B. A. BE. Lewytos=Liwaito. Leyza= Leyva. Lezar=Illinois. Egagi’-lda—Skidegate. Ega/i=Hlgai. Lga-iu’=Skidegate. LgA/nxAn=Tlgunghung. Zga’xet gitina’-i= Hlgahet-gitinai. £ga’xet-gu-la/nas= Hlgahetgu-lanas. Lgulaq=Tlegulak. Lhtaten=Sekani. Lia=Sia. Liahtan Band=Ietan. Lia/icaLxé= K tlaeshatlkik. Liards Indians, Liard Slaves= Etcheridiegottine. L'Iatan=Ietan. : Lichaltchingko=Shilekuatl. Lichtenau= Agdluitsok. Lickawis= Yikkhaich. Lidlepa=Lidlipa. Zi’elAn=Hlielung. Lienkwiltak, Liew-kwil-tah=Lekwiltok. Liguaytoy=Liwaito. Li-hit’= Ponea. Li-icks-sun=Tateke. ‘Li-i-katchka= Hlekatchka. Li-kwil-tah, Likwiltoh=Lekwiltok. Lillibique=Lilibeque. Lilowat= Lillooet. LiluseEltstiy = Hliluseltshlikh. Lilyuit= Lillooet. him a’l na/as xa’da-i= Hlimulnaas-hadai. Limonies= Laimon. Linapis, Linapiwi= Delaware. Liniouek= Illinois. Linkinse=Sinkiuse. Linkville Indians=Shuyakeksh. Linnelinopies= Delaware. Linneways= IIlinois. Linni linapi, Linnilinopes, Linnope=Delaware. Linpoilish=Sanpoil. Linslow=Siuslaw. Lintcanre=Thlingchadinne. ‘Lin-tchanpe= Lintchanre, Linways= Illinois. Lion= Hiyaraba, Lion Eaters=Tanima. Lipaines=Lipan. Lipallanes= Lipillanes. Lipane=Lipan. Lipanes del Norte=Lipanes de Arriba. | Lipanes del Sur=Lipanes de Abajo. Lipanes Llaneros, Lipanis=Lipan. Lipanjen-né=Lipajenne. Lipanos, Lipau, Lipaw=Lipan.” Lipiyanes=Lipillanes. Lippans=Lipan. LigLa/qEtin=7liktlaketin. Lishu=Sesum. Liisti’=Tlistee. Littafatchee, Littafutchee, futchi. Little Alkonkins= Montagnais. Little Beard’s Town= Deyonongdadagana. Little Chehaus, Little Chidha—Chiahudshi. Little Colpissas=Okakapassa. Little Crow’s band=Kapozha. Little Eufauly=Eufaula. Little Falls band=Inyancheyakaatonwan. Little Foolish Dogs= Hosukhaunukarerihu, Little Girl Assiniboines=Itscheabine. Little Hit-chetee= Hitchitudshi. Little Lakes= Mitomkai Poma. Little Mingoes= Huron. Little Nation of the Algonquins=Weskarini. Little Oakchoy, Little Oakjoys=Okchayudshi, Little Ockfuske =Oakfuskudshi. Little Osage, Little Ossage=Utsehta. Little Prairie iIndians=Mascoutens. Little Rapids=Inyancheyaka-atonwan. Ljttle Robes=Inuksiks. Little Sawokli=Sawokliudshi. Little Shuswap, Little Shuswap Lake=Kuaut, Little Six’s band=Taoapa. Little Suswap Lake=Kuaut. Little Swaglaw=Sawokliudshi. sass Talisi, Little Tallassie, Little Tellassee=Ta- asse. Littefutchee= Litte- — BULL. 30] LITTLE Little Tellico, Little Telliquo=Tellico. Little Tioux=Tiou. Little Town=Tanwanshinka. Little Ufala= Eufaula. Little Valley=Vallecillo. Livangelva=Livangebra. Liver Eater band, Liver-eaters=Tanima. ‘Liwa’hli=Huhliwahli. Li-woch-o-nies=Tawakoni. Lix'si’wet= K liksiwi. - Li-yan-to=Siyante. Lkatamix=Kedlamik. Lkamtci’n=T]kamcheen. Lkamtci/nEmux=Lytton band. *ka-tco=Ilkatsho. ku’men, Lku’/ngEn=Songish. Llamparicas=Ditsakana. Llaneros=Gohlkahin, Guhlkainde, Kwahari. Llano= Huchiltchik. Llano del Azotado—Tutuetac. Llégeenos= Diegueno. Lleni-lenapés= Delaware. Lleta=Isleta. Lliamna=Llymna. Lligunos= Dieguefio. Ll’ inkit=Tlingit. Ll-mache, Ll-mal-che= Lilmalche. Lo=Lu. Loafers=Waglukhe. Locklomnee= Mokelumne. Locko=Chukalako. Lockoportay= Lutchapoga. Lock-qua-lillas=Walas Kwakiutl. Lockstown= Logstown. Lock-wearer=Tsishu Sindtsakdhe. Lo-co=Tontos. Locollomillos=Clear Lake Indians. Lodge-in-the-rear= Kanze. Lodges charged upon= Ahachik. Lofka’s barrabora= Lofka. Logan’s village= Wapakoneta. Loggs Town=Logstown. Loh-whilse=Quaitso. Lokagine, Lékadine’=Loka. Lokuashtkni= Warm Spring Indians. Lo’kuili/la= Komkyutis. Lokulk=Sokulk. Loldla=Lolsel. Loloncooks, Lo-lon’-kuk=Lolanko. LoLowtig=Klukluuk. Lomavigamute, Loma wigamute= Lomavik. Lone Eaters=Nitawyiks. Lone Fighters= Nitikskiks. Lo-ne’-ka-she-ga= Lunikashinga. Long Falls=Skoiyase. Long Haired Indians=Crows. Long House Town=Chukafalaya. Long Island Indians= Metoac. Long-isle= Eel River Indians. Longs Cheveux= Nipissing. Long Swamp= Anatichapko. Long Swamp Indians= Big Swamp Indians. Long Swamp Village=Ikatikunahita. Long Tail Lodge Poles=Inuhksoyistamiks. Long Tom=Chelamela. Long-tongue-buff= Laptambif. Long Town=Chukafalaya. Long-wha= Tonkawa. Lonsobe=Tomsobe. Loo-chau po-gau=Lutchapoga. Loochoos= Kutchin, Loucheux. Loo-coo-rekah=Tukuarika. Lookout Mountain= Lookout Mountain Town. Lookta-ek= Alaganik. Loolanko= Lolanko. Loomnears=Tumna. Loo nika-shing-ga= Lunikashinga. Loonsolton= Honsading. Loo’s= Mahican, Skidi. Lopas=Tolowa. Lopillamillos=Clear Lake Indians. Lopotalimnes, Lopotatimnes, Lopstatimnes= Lopo- tatimni. Loquilt Indians= Lillooet. Loqusquscit, Loqusqusitt= Loquasquscit. Lorett, Loretta= Lorette. Lorette=Sault au Recollet. Loretto= Lorette. Los Adeas=San Miguel de Linares. TELLICO—LUIJTA 1083 Los Angeles= Pecos. Los Coyotes=Pachawal. Los Dolores= Dolores, Santa Maria de los Dolores Los Leuceuros= Los Luceros. Los Mecos=Comanche. Lotchnoay, Lotchway towns= Alachua. Lo’tlemaq=Lotlemakh. Lototen=Tututni. Lou=Skidi. Louches=Tukkuthkutchin. Loucheux=Kutchin, Nakatcho. Loucheux-Batards= Nellagottine. Louchioux= Kutchin, Loucheux. Louchioux proper=Tukkuthkutehin. Louchoux= Loucheux. Loupelousas=Opelusa. Loupes=Skidi. Loupitousas=Opelusa, Loup Pawnees=Skidi. Loups= Mahican, Skidi. Lowaniwi, Lowanuski= Lowako. Lower Algonkins= Montagnais. Lower Brulé, Lower Brusle=Kutawichasha. Lower Coquille= Mulluk, Nasumi. Lower Chehalis= Wenatchi. Lower Creeks=Seminole. Lower De Chutes= Wiam. Lower Enfalla= Eufaula. Lower Gens de fou=Hankutchin. Lower Indians=Tatsakutchin. Lower Kahltog, Lower Kaltag=Kaltag. Lower Kootanais, Lower Kootanie, Lower Kootenay= Lower Kutenai. Lower Kvichpaks= Magemiut. Lower Mohawk Castle=Caughnawaga, Teaton- taloga. Lower Oakfuske=Oakfuskee. Lower Pend d’Oreille=Kalispel. Lower Rogue River=Tututni. Lower Sauratown=Cheraw. Lower Shawnee Town=Lowertown. Lower Sioux=Santee. Lower Sissetons= Miakechakesa. Lower Spokan, Lower Spokanes=Skaischiltnish. Lower Ufale= Eufaula. Lower Ump-kwa, Lower Umpqua=Kuitsh. Lower Wahpeton, Lower Wakpatons=Inyancheya- kaatonwan. Lower Yakima=Skaddal. Lower Yanctonais=Hunkpatina. Lower Yanctons= Yankton. Lower Yanktonai, Lower Yanktonnais=Hunkpa- tina. Low-him=Lohim. Lowland Brulé=Kutawichasha. Lowland Dogs=Thlingchadinne. Lowlanders= Kaiyuhkhotana. Lowlanders, Lowland people= Kutchakutchin. Lowwshkis= Lowako. L!pé/lEqe= Palux. Zqe’/not la’nas= Kagials-kegawai. qo’ayedi= Hlkoayedi. Lrak= Irak. Ltaoten=Tautin. 7 tat-’ tennne=Sekani. ar Ltavten=Tautin. thagild—Skidegate. Lth’ait Lennas= Hlgahetgu-lanas. Penn ree ante thyellum Kiiwe= Hlielung-keawai. Ltsxéals= Nisqualli. Ltuiskoe=Lituya. Lu=Lunikashinga. Lucayasta= Lukaiasta. Luchepoga= Lutchapoga. | Lu’-chih=Ruche. Luchi paga, Luchipoga, Luchipogatown=Lutcha- poga. Luck-a-mi-ute, Luckamuke, Luckamutes=Lakmiut. Luckasos= Kosotshe. Luckiamut, Luckiamute, Luckimiute, Luckimute= Lakmiut. | Luckkarso=Kosotshe. Lucson= Tucson. Lucuyumu=Lacayamu. Lugh-se-le=Sanyakoan. Lugua-mish=Suquamish. Luianeglua=Livangebra. Luijta=Lintja. 1084 Luiseyove=Quisiyove. Lukahs=Succcaah. Luk‘-a-ta-t=Klikitat. Liukatimu’x=Ntlakyapamuk. Lukawis, Lukawisse= Yikkhaich. Lukemayuk=Lakmiut. Lukfi= Lukfa. Lukhselee=Sanyakoan. Lukkarso= Kotsotshe. Luknax’a/di=Tluknahadi. Lukton=Luckton. Lulak= Lulakiksa. Lululongtuqui, Lululongturqui=Lululongturkwi. Lumanos=Tawehash. Lummas, Lumme, Lummie, Lummi. Luni=Zuii. Lunikaci*ga= Lunikashinga. Lu-pa-yu-ma, Lupilomis, Lu-pi-u-ma=Clear Lake Indians. Euqa’xadi= Hlukahadi. L!u’q!oedi= Ylukoedi. Luq!u/lEm=Cloquallum. Lurcee=Sarsi. Lusolas=Susolas. Lusthhapa=Lushapa. Lutchapoga=Tulsa. Lute’-ja= Rukhcha. Lutmawi, Lutnam= Modoc. Lutnami, Lutuami=Lutuamian Family, Modoc. Lutuanis, Lutumani, Luturim=Lutuamian Family. Luuptic=Luupsch. L!uxa/caiyik-an=Tluhashaiyikan. L!xin As=Tlhingus. Lxungen=Songish. Lyach-sun=Tateke. Lyacksum, Lyacksun=Tateke. Lytton=Tlkamcheen. Lummi-neuksack= Maa/mtag‘ila=Maamtagyila. Maanexit= Manexit. Maaquas= Mohawk. Maasets= Masset. Maastoetsjkwe= Hopi. Mabile= Mobile. Ma-biic-sho-roch-pan-ga=Shoshoni. Macachusetts= Massachuset. Macadacut= Mecadacut. Macaiyah=Nkya. Macanabi= Mishongnovi. Macanas=Tawakoni, Tonkawa. Macanoota, Macanootna, Macanootoony’s, Macano- tens= Mikonotunne. Macaque, Macaqui, Macaquia= Matsaki. Macarisqui= Macariz. M’Carty’s village=Tushquegan. Macau, Ma-caw= Makah. Macayah=Nkya. Maccaws= Makah. Maccou= Maccoa. Mac-en-noot-e-ways, tin= Mikonotunne, Macetuchets, Macetusetes= Massachuset. McGillivray’s Town=Talasse. Machaba= Machawa. Machachac= Mequachake. Machachlosung=Wyalusing. Machaha= Machawa. Machakandibi= Michacondibi. Machalla= Machawa. Machamadoset, Machamoodus= Machemoodus. Machandibi, Machantiby= Michacondibi. Machapungas= Machapunga. Machaull= Venango. Mac-ha-ves, Mac-ha-vis= Mohave. Machayto= Macheto. Machecous= Creeks. Machégamea= Michigamea. Machelusing= Wyalusing. Machemeton= Mechemeton. Macheyes= Mayeye. Machias Tribe= Passamaquoddy. Machicans= Mahican. Machichac= Mequachake. Machies tribe= Passamaquod dy. Machigama, Machigamea= Michigamea. Machilimachinack, Machillimakina= Michilimacki- nac. Mac-en-oot-en-ays, Mac-en-o- LUISEYOVE—MAGTATE [B. A. B. Machilwihilusing, Machilwilusing= Wyalusing. Machimucket= Massomuck. Machingans= Mahican. Machkentiwomi= Mechkentowoon. Machkoutench, Machkoutenck, Machkouteng= Mas- coutens. Machmadouset= Machemoodus. Machochlasung, Machochloschung= Wyalusing. Machoeretini=Conestoga. Machonce’s village, Machonee’s village=Macho- nee. Machopeake= Matchopick. Machopo= Mochopa. Machua= Machawa. Ma-chuck-nas, Ma-chuc-na= Michopdo. Machwihilusing= Wyalusing. Macjave= Mohave. Mackacheck= Mequachake. Mackahs= Makah. Mackalassy= Muklassa. Mackanaw= Michilimackinac. Mackanootenay’s Town, Mackanotin=Mikono- tunne. Mackasookos= Mikasuki. Mackatowando= Manckatawangum. Mackelimakanac= Michilimackinae. Mack-en-oot-en-ay= Mikonotunne. MacKenzie River Eskimo= Kopagmiut. Mackenzie's River Louchioux= Nakotchokutchin. Mackilemackinac, Mackinac, Mackinaw=Michi- limackinae. Mackéye, Mackiye=Creeks. Mackwaes, Mackwasii, Mackwes= Mohawk. McLeod’s Lake= Kezonlathut. Mac-not-na= Mikonotunne. Maco comaco, Macocanaco= Macocanico. Macoiya= Mayaca. Macomilé= Menominee. Maconabi= Mishongnovi. Macono= Nasoni. Mac-o-no-tin= Mikonotunne. Maconsaw=Seek’s Village. Macoutins= Mascoutens. Macoya= Mayaca. Macqs, Macquaas, Macquaaus= Mohawk. Macquaejeet=Bevthukan Family. Macquas, Macquaus, Macques, Macquess= Mohawk Macqui=Matsqui. Macquis, Macquiss= Mohawk. Mactcinge-ha wai"=Ute. Mactotatas =Oto. Macueques = Hopi. Madaha= Anadarko. Madan= Mandan. Madaouaskairini—Matawachkarini. Mad-a-wakan-toan, Madawakanton=Mdewakan- ton. Madawamkee= Mattawamkeag. Madawgwys=Welsh Indians. Maddy Band=Chemapho. Madéqsi= Puisu. Madnaguk=Lincoln. Madnussky = Ahtena. Madoc= Modoc. Madocian Indians=Welsh Indians. Madocteg = Medoctec. Madogiaint, Madogians= Welsh Indians. Madowesians= Dakota. Mad river Indians= Batawat. Maechibaeys= Mohawk. Ma-étsi-daka = Mitcheroka. Mag-a-bo-das= Putetemini. Magagmjuten= Magemiut. Magalibo= Maguhleloo. Magamutes= Magemiut. Magaugo=Maguaga. Maga-yute-sni= Magayuteshni. Magdalena, Magdalena de Buvuibava=Buquibaya. Magdalena Tajicaringa=—Tajicaringa. Magemutes=Magemiut. Magenesito= Yagenechito. Maghai= Mayeye. Magimit, Magimiiten, Magmiut, Magmjuten, Mag- mutes, Magmutis=Magemiut. Mago= Mayo. Magoncog= Magunkaquog. Magmonkkomuk=Magunkaquog. Magrias=Tano. Magtate= Mactati. BULL. 30] Maguago, Maguagua= Maguaga. Maguas=Tano. Maguawgo= Maguaga. Magueck= Mequachake. Magui= Hopi. Maguncog, Magunkahquog, Magunkakook, Magun- koag, Magunkog= Magunkaquog. Maha=Omaha. Ma-ha/-bit-tuh= Petenegowats. Mahackeno= Mahackemo. Mahackloosing=Wyalusing. Mahacks, Mahacqs= Mohawk. Mahaer, Mahagi=Omaha. Mahah=Skidi. Mahaha=Amahami. Mahahs=Omaha. Mahakanders, Mahakans= Mahican. Mahakas, Mahakes, Mahakinbaas, Mahakinbas, Mahakobaas, Mahaks, Mahakuaas, Mahakuase, Mahakuasse, Mahakwa= Mohawk. Mahan=Comanche. Mahan=Omaha. Mahana=Comanche. Mahane=Klikitat. Mahaniahy= Wyoming. Ma-ha os= Mohave. Maharha=Omaha. Maharhar= Amahami. Maharim= Meherrin. Mahars=Omaha. Mahas Maha’s=Omaha, Skidi. Mahatons= Manhattan. Ma-hau—Mahow. Mahaukes= Mohawk. Mahawha= Amahami. Mahaws=Omaha. Mahckanders= Mahican. Mah-een-gun=Myeengun. Mahegan= Mahican. Mahehoualaima= Mahewala. Maheingans, Mahekanders= Mahican. Maheouala, Maheoula= Mahewala. Maherin, Maherine, Mahering, Maherrin, Maherring, Maherron=Meherrin. Maheyes= Mayeye. Mahhekaneew, Mahicanders, Mahicanni, Mahic- canni, Mahiccans, Mahiccon, Mahicon, Mahigan, Mahiganathicoit, Mahiganaticois, Mahigane, Ma- higgins, Ma-hik’, Mahiken, Mahikanders, Mahik- | kanders, Mahillendras, Mahinganak, Mahingani- ois, Mahingans, Mahingaus= Mahican. Mahlemoot, Mahlemutes, Mahlemuts=Malemiut. Mah-ma-lil-le-kulla, Mah-ma-lil-le-kullah, Mahma- tilleculaats= Mamalelekala. Mahna-Narra= Mandan. Mahnesheet=Malecite. Mahng= Mong. Mahnomoneeg, Mahnomonie= Menominee. Mahoc, Mahocks=Manahoac. Mahogs= Mohawk. Mahongwis=— Iroquois. Mahonink, Mahony Town= Mahoning. Mahoras—Tamaroa. Mahpiyato= Arapaho. Mahsihk’ku ta= Masikota. Mah-tah-ton= Matantonwan. Mah-tee-cept, Mahtilpi= Matilpe. Mahtopanato= Watopachnato. Mahtulth-pe= Matilpe. Mahuames= Mariames. Ma/“hwaw*= Mowhawa, Moqwaio. Ma‘hwawisowag= Mowhawissouk. Mahycander= Mahican. Mahzahpatah= Mazapeta. Mai-ai/-u=Muaya. Maiama= Miami. Maicanders= Mahican. Maifeckij a. Maigeckijni—Maitheshkizh. Maigo‘, Maigo‘gine— Maitho. Mai-déc-kiz-ne—Jemez. Mai-deh= Maidu. Maidéski/z, M9idéski/-ni= Maitheshkizh. Maidnorskie= Ahtena. Maieces= Nayeye. Maiera= Mayara. Maieyes= Mayeye. Maikans, Maikens= Mahican. Ma/ingan= Mingan. Senge, Ma‘ingan= Myeengun. MAGUAGO—MALLEYES 1085 Maises= Manso. Ma’-i-sin-as=Sans Arcs. Maison Moctecuzoma, Maison Moctecuzuma, Maison Moteczuma=Casa Grande. Maisqui= Matsqui. Maititfs= Metis. Maif6‘, Maito’‘dine‘= Maiydkma— Makoma. Maize gens=Atchialgi. Majabos= Mohave. Majanani= Mishongnoyi. Majave= Mohave. Majoa= Mahoa, Maj-su-ta-ki-as= Musalakun. Majunkaquog= Magunkaquog. Ma'‘kadawagami ‘tigweyawininiwag = Mekadewag- amitigweyawininiwak. Makadewana-ssidok=Siksika. Makagamute, Makag’/mut= Makak. Makah=Omaha. Makahelousink= Wyalusing. Makaitseek= Klamath. Makamitek= Makomitek. Ma'‘kandwawininiwag, Makandwewininiwag= Pil- lagers. Maya®= Makan. Makans, Makas= Makah. Ma-ka/-tce= Makache. Makato, Makato’s Band= Mankato. Makaw=Makah. Makawto= Mankato. Makehalousing= Wyalusing. Makeymiut, Makeymut, Makeymute= Makak. Makha= Makah. Makicander, Makihander, Makimanes= Mahican. Makinang= Michilimackinac. Makingans= Mahican. Mak-in-o-ten= Mikonotunne, Makis= Hopi. Mak-kah= Makah. Makki= Makak. Maklaks=Lutuamian Family. Maklykout= Maklykaut. Maknootennay, Mak-nu’ téne’= Makonee= Machonee. Maitho. Mikonotunne. | Makooshenskoi, Makooshin= Makushin. Makostrake= Mequachake. Ma-k6-ta= Dakota. Ma’kotch= Makache, Mankoke. Makoucoué= Makoukuwe. Makoueone= Amikwa. Makoueoue, Makoukoué, Makoukoueks=Amikwa, Makoukuwe. Makouten, Makoutensak—Mascoutens. ° Makquas= Mohawk. Makskouteng= Mascoutens. Makunkokoag= Magunkaquog. Makuschinskoje, Makushinsk, Makushinskoe, Ma- kuski= Makushin. Makwaes= Mohawk. Ma-kwis’-so-jik= Makwisuchigi. Ma/’-k’ya-na, Ma-kya-ta= Matyata. Malaca, Malaccas= Malaka. Malacite= Malecite. Mal-a-hut= Malakut. Ma-lak’-ka= Malaka. Ma/lakyilatl—Spukpukolemk. Malala= Molala. Malamechs, Malamet, Malanas=Marameg. Malatautes=Oto. Malchatna= Mulchatna. Malecetes, Maléchites= Malecite. Malegmjuti, Maleigmjuten, Maleimioute= Malemiut. Maleléqala= Mamalelekam., Malemukes, Malemut, Malemutes= Malemiut. Maleqatl— Malakut. Malesit= Malecite. Mal-hok-ce= Malhokshe. Malhoming, Malhominis, Malhomins, Malhominy, Malhommes, Malhommis= Menominee. Malicans= Maliacones. Malicetes, Malicites=Malecite. Maliconas, Malicones= Maliacones. Maliegmut, Malimiut, Malimuten, Malimyuit=Ma- lemiut. Malinovskie lietnik=Nuniliak. Malisit= Malecite. Mallawamkeag= Penobscot. Malleyes=Mayeye. 1086 Mallica= Malica. Malmiut=Malemiut. Malomenis, Malomimis, Malomines, Malominese, Malominis, Malouin, Malouminek, Maloumines= Menominee. Malowwacks=Metoac. Malpais= Milpais. Maltnabah= Multnomah. Mal-tsho’-qa-mut=Maltshokamut. Malukander= Mahican. Maluksilag=Maluksilak. Malzura=San Mateo Malzura. Mama=Omaha. Mamakans Apeches= Mescaleros. Mamakata’wana-sita’-ak—Siksika. Mamaleilakitish, Mamaleilakulla=Mamalelekala. Mamaléeléqala=Mamalelekala, Mamalelekam. Mama-lil-a-cula, Ma-ma-lil-li-kulla= Mamalelekala. Mambe, Mambo=Nambe. Mameag, Mameeag= Nameaug. Ma’-me-li-li-a-ka= Mamalelekala. Mamelute= Malemiut. Mamenoche= Wiminuche. Mam-il-i-li-a-ka= Mamalelekala. M’amiwis= Miami. Mamnit=Namoit. Ma-mo a®-ya-di, Ma-mo ha®-ya, Ma-mo ha-ya"-di= Alibamu. Mamskey=Matsqui. Manacans= Monacan. Manaché= Mono. Managog, Manahoacks, Manahoacs, Manahocks, Manahokes= Manahoac. Manakin= Monacan. Manamet, Manamete= Manomet. Manamoiak, Manamoick, Manamoyck, Manamoyet= Manamoyik. Mananexit= Manexit. Mananiet= Manomet. Manatee= Minatti. Manathanes, Manathe, Manathens= Manhattan. Mancantequuts=Maquantequat. Manchage, Manchauge= Manchaug. Manchokatous=Mdewakanton. Ma¢inka-gaxe= Mandhinkagaghe. Ma»cka e/nikaci’ya= Manshkaenikashika. Mandals, Mandams, Mandane, Mandanes, Mandani, Mandanne, Mandaus= Mandan. Mandawakantons, Mandawakanton Sioux=Mdewa- kanton. Mandens= Mandan. Mandeouacantons= Mdewakanton. Mandes= Manta. Mandians, Mandin= Mandan. Mandoages=Nottoway. Mandon= Mandan. Mandongs= Nottoway. Mand:= Mandan. Man Eaters=Attacapa, Tonkawa. Maneetsuk= Manitsuk. Manelopec=Watopapinah. Manessings= Minisink. Ma-ne-to-pa, Ma-ne-to-par= Watopapinah. Manetores= Hidatsa. Maneus= Malecite. Mang= Mong. Mangakekias, Mangakekis, KonkKia= Mengakonkia. Mangeurs de Cariboux=Etheneldeli. Mangoacks, Mangoags, Mangoako, Mangoangs=Not- toway. Mangus Colorado’s band= Mimbrenios. Manhanset tribe, Manhassett= Manhasset. Manhates, Manhatesen, Manhattae, Manhattanese, Manhattes, Manhattons= Manhattan. Manheken, Manhigan-euck= Mohegan. Manhikani, Manhikans, Manhingans= Mahican. Manhpiyato= Arapaho. Ma»/quy¢i"/tax’wa"= Manhukdhintanwan. Man-hum-squeeg= Wabaquasset. Maniataris= Hidatsa. Manikans= Mahican. Manikwagan= Manicouagan. Manilla= Mobile. Manissing = Minisink. Manitaries= Hidatsa. Mank= Mong. Makato’s band= Mankato. Manahoaks, Mangakokis, Manga- MALLICA—MAQUIS [B. A. Ev Manki=Makak. Mankikani= Mahican. Mannacans= Monacan. Mannahannocks, Mannahoacks, Mannahoags, Man- nahoaks, Mannahocks, Mannahokes= Manahoae. Mannamett, Mannamit=Manomet. Mannamoyk= Manamoyik. Ma nahindje=Tadzhezhinga. Mannatures= Hidatsa. Manna-woustt=Manosaht. Mannissing= Manisink. Man-oh-ah-sahta= Manosaht. Manomanee, Manomines, Manominik= Menominee. Manominikaciyag= Munominikasheenhug. Manook City= Maynook. Ma/noosath, Manosit= Manosaht. Manostamenton= Menostamenton, Manrhoat, Manrhout= Kiowa. Mansa= Manso. Ma*satha=Upankhchi. Mansano= Manzano. Manses= Manso. Manskin= Monacan. , Mansoleas, Mansopela, Mansopelea= Mosopelea. Mansos= Apaches Mansos. Ma*’ya= Modoc. Mantaas= Manta. Mantachusets= Massachuset. Mantacut= Montauk. Mantaes, Mantaesy= Manta. Mantanes= Mandan. Mantantans, Mantantons, Mantanton Scioux, Man- tantous= Matantonwan. | Mantaoke= Montauk. Mantaquak= Nanticoke. Mantauket= Montauk. Mantautous= Matantonwan. Mantaws= Manta. Matéra/»=Cherokee. Mantes, Manteses= Manta. Mantinacocks, Mantinecocks, Mantinicocks= Mati- necoc. Manton= Mandan, Mento. Mantopanatos=Assiniboin. Mantos= Manta. Mantoue, Mantouecks, Mantouek, Mantoueouec= Mundua. Mantoweeze= Mantowese. Mantuas= Munsee. Ma"tu enikaci/ya= Mantuenikashika. Mantukes, Mantukett= Nantucket. Ma»’-yu-we= Mento. Manumit=Manomet. Manuncatuck=Menunkatue. Man-wa-ta-niyn= Mandan. Manxo= Manso. Ma-nyi’-ka-q¢i’= Manyikakhthi. Ma*yinka-gaxe= Manyinka. Mayinka jinga= Manyinkazhinga. Ma*yinka tanga— Manyinkatanga. Many Medicines=Motahtosiks. Manzana= Manzano, Mishongnoyi. Manzos= Pueblos. Maouila= Mobile. Mapeya=Sandia. Mapicopas= Maricopa. Maq=Marhoo. Maqaise, Magas= Mohawk. Maqe-nikaci’ya= Makhenikashika. Maqpi/ato= Arapaho. Maquaas= Mohawk. Maquache Utes=Moache. Maquaes, Maquaese= Mohawk. Maquahache= Moache. Maquais, Maquaise= Mohawk. Maquamticough= Maquantequat. Maquarqua= Mayaca. Maquas, Maquasas, Maquase, Maquash, Maquass, Maquasse= Mohawk. Maqude=Iowa. Maquees= Mohawk. Maquelnoteer, Maquelnoten= Mikonotunne. Maques, Maquese, Maquess, Maquesyes, Maquez= Mohawk. Maqui= Hopi. Maquichees=Mequachake. Maquin= Maquinanoa. Maquis, Maquoas= Mohawk. BULL. 50] Maquoche Utahs=Moache. Maquois= Mohawk. Maquot= Pequot. Mara= Twenty-nine Palms. Marachite=Malecite. Maracopa= Maricopa. Maramoick= Manamoyik. Mar-an-sho-bish-kb= Dakota. Marashites= Malecite. Marata= Matyata. Marayam=Serranos. Marcpeeah Mahzah, Marcpeeah Mazah= Makhpiya- maza. Marc pee wee Chastah= Makhpiyawichashta, Marechhawieck= Marychkenwikingh. Marechites= Malecite. ee wieck, Marechkawink= Marychkenwik- ingh. -Marecopas= Maricopa. Mareschites= Malecite. Mar’hoo= Nemah. Marianes, Marians, Mariarves= Mariames. Marimiskeet= Mattamuskeet. Maringayam, Maringints=Serranos, Marisizis= Malecite. Maritises= Manta. Marlain, Marlin=Staitan. Mar-ma-li-la-cal-la = Mamalelekala. Maroa, Marohans=Tamaroa. Marospinc, Marossepinck= Massapequa. Marota=Tamaroa. Maroumine= Menominee. Ma-rpi-ya-ma-za= Makhpiyamaza. Marraganeet= Narraganset. Marrarachic=Nararachic. Marricoke= Merric. Marsapeag, Marsapeague, Marsapege, Marsape- quas, Marsepain, Marsepeack, Marsepeagues, Marsepeake, Marsepeqau, Marsepin, Marsepinck, Marsepingh, Marsepyn, Marsey= Massapequa. Marshpaug, Marshpee= Mashpee. Marsh Village Dakotas, Marsh Villagers—Sisseton. Marta= Matyata. Mar-til-par=Matilpe. Martinez=Sokut Menyil. Martinne houck= Matinecoc. Mary River, Mary’s River, Marysville=Chepenafa. Masagnebe, Masagneve= Mishongnovi. Mesaguia, Masaki= Matsaki. Masalla Magoons= Musalakun. Masammaskete= Mattamuskeet. Masanais= Mishongnovi. Masapequa= Massapequa. Masaqueve= Mishongnovi. Masaquia= Matsaki. Masarquam= Mayaca. Masathulets= Massachuset. Masauwuu= Masi. Masawomekes= Iroquois. Mascaleros= Mescaleros. Mascarasi= Macariz. Mascautins= Mascoutens. Maschal= Mashcal. Mascoaties, Mascontans, Mascontenec, Mascontens, Mascontins, Mascontires, Mascordins, Mascotens, Mascotins, Mascouetechs= Mascoutens. Mascouteins Nadouessi=Teton. Mascoutens=Saint Francis Xavier. Mascoutins, Mascoutons=Mascoutens. Masep’= Kadohadacho. Masepeage= Massapequa. Ma-se-sau-gee= Missisauga. Masetusets= Massachuset. Mashamoquet, Mashamugget, Mashamugket=Mas- somuck. Mashantucket=Maushantuxet. Mashapauge, Mashapawog= Maushapogue. Mashapeag, Masha-Peage= Massapequa. Mashikh=Mashik. Mashkegonhyrinis, Mashkegons, Mashkégous= Mas- kegon. Mashkoutens=Mascoutens. Ma-shong’-ni-vi, Mashéniniptuovi= Mishongnovi. Mashpah= Mashpee. Mashpeage= Massapequa. Mashpege, Mashpey= Mashpee. Mashquaro= Musquarro. Mashukhara=Shasta. Masiassuck= Missiassik. MAQUOCHE UTAHS—MATAWANG 1087 Masichewsetts= Massachuset. Ma sih kuh ta=Masikota. Masi winwiu, Ma-si’ wun-wi=Masi. Mas-ka-gau= Maskegon. Maskasinik= Mascoutens, Maskego, Maskegonchirinis, Maskégous, Maskégo- wuk, Maskigoes, Maskigonehirinis=Maskegon. Mas-ko-ki=Creeks, Muskhogean Family, Masko’ki Hatchapala= Upper Creeks. Mask6ki Hatch’-4ta= Lower Creeks. Maskokilki=Creeks. Maskouaro=M usquarro. Maskoutechs, Maskoutecks, Maskouteins, Maskou- tenek, Mask8tens, Maskoutens= Mascoutens. Maskoutens-Nadouessians=Teton. Maskoutins, Maskuticks=Mascoutens. Masonah Band= Nasumi. Masphis= Mashpee. Masquachki=Creeks. Masquarro= Musquarro. Masquikoukiaks, Masquikoukioeks= Maskegon. Massachewset, Massachisans, Massachuselts, Mas- sachuseuks, Massachusiack, Massachussets, Mas- sachusuks, Massadzosek, Massajosets=Massa- chuset. Massakiga= Arosaguntacook. Massamugget=Massomuck. Mas-sang-na-vay= Mishongnovi. Massapeags= Massapequa. Massapee= Mashpee. Massapegs= Massapequa. Massasagues, Massasaugas= Missisauga. Massasinaway= Mississinewa. Massasoiga= Missisauga. Massasoits, Massasowat, Massasoyts= Wampanoag. Massassuk = Missiassik. : oo Massatuchets, Massatusitts=Massa- chuset. | Massauwu= Masi. | Massawamacs, Massawomacs, Massawomecks, Mas- sawomees, Massawomekes, Massawonacks, Mas- sawonaes = Iroquois. ; Massawteck= Massawoteck. Massechuset= Massachuset. Masseets= Masset. Masselans= Mosilian. Massepeake= Massapequa. Massesagues= Missisauga. Massetta, Massettes= Masset. Massetusets= Massachuset. Mass hade= Masset. Massicapanoes= Monasiccapano. Massillimacinac= Michilimackinac, Massinacack= Massinacac. Massinagues= Missisauga. Massinnacacks= Massinacac. Massorites, Massorittes, Massourites= Missouri. Massowomeks= Iroquois. Masstachusit= Massachuset. Mas-tcal= Masheal. Mas-tute’-kwe = Hopi. Ma-su-ta-kaya, Ma-su-ta-kéa= Masut Pomo. Matabantowaher= Matantonwan. Matabesec, Matabezeke= Mattabesec. | Matachuses, Matachusets= Massachuset. Matages= Kiowa Apache. Matahuay, Matajuiai= Mataguay. Matakees, Matakeeset, Matakeesit— Mattakeset. Mataki’la= Maamtagyila. Matalans= Mitline. Matale de Mano=Saboba. Matamaskite= Mattamuskeet. Matampken= Matomkin. Matamuskeet= Mattamuskeet. Mataouachkariniens, Mataouakirinotiek, Mataouch- kairini, Mataouchkairinik, Mataouchkairiniouek, Mataouchkairiniwek, Mataouchkarini= Mata- wachkarini. Mataouiriou, Mataovan= Mattawan. Matapa= Matape. Matapaman=Mattapanient. Matapoisett= Mattapoiset. | Matassins= Mistassin. Matathusetts= Massachuset. Matauwakes= Metoac. Matavéke-Paya= Walapai. : Matawachkairini, Matawachwarini= Matawachka- Trini. Matawang, Matawin Indians= Mattawan. 1088 Matchagamia= Michigamea. Matchapangos, Matchapongos, Matchapunko= Machapunga. Match-clats=Muchalat. Matchedach= Matchedash. Matchemnes= Machemni. Matche Moodus=Machemoodus. Mat-che-naw-to-waig= Iroquois. Matchepungo= Machapunga. Matchi Moodus=Machemoodus. Matchinadoaek=Iroquois. Matchitashk= Matchedash. Match-itl-aht= Muchalat. Matchit Moodus=Machemoodus. Matchoatickes= Matchotic. Matchopeak= Matchopick. Matchopongo= Machapunga. Matchot= Matchut. Matebeseck= Mattabesec. Matechitache= Matchedash, Matelpa, Matelthpahs= Matilpe. Mat-hat-e-vatch=Chemehuevi. Mathatusets, Mathatusitts, Mathesusetes=Massa- chuset. Mathiaqua= Mathiaca. Mathkoutench= Mascoutens. Mathlanobes, Mathlanobs= Multnomah. Mathomenis, Mathominis= Menominee. Maticones= Maliacones. M4-ti-la-ha= Matillija. Matilden= Medilding. Ma-tilh-pi= Matilpe. Matiliha—Matillija. Ma’tilpis= Matilpe. Matilton=Medilding. Matinecocke, Matinecogh, Matinecongh, Matinicock, Matiniconck, Matinnekonck, Matinnicock= Mati- necoe. Mat-jus=Chemehuevi. Matmork la Puerta= Matamo. Matninicongh= Matinecoc. Matokatagi=Oto. Matole= Mattole. Mato-mihte, Ma-to’-no-make= Matonumanke. Matontenta= Oto. Mato-Numangkake, manke. Matoolonha, Matootonha, Ma-too-ton’-ka=Metuta- hanke. Matopelo’tni=Three Rivers. Matora= Mento. Matotantes=Oto. Matotiswaning =Otusson. Matoua= Mento. Matou-ouescarini= Matawachkarini. Matoutenta=Oto. Matowacks= Metoac. Matowepesack= Mattabesec. Matox= Matchotic. Matpanient= Mattapanient. Matsigamea= Michigamea. Matsi/shkota= Masikota. Mats-nik’¢’/= Matsnikth. Matsuki= Matsaki. Mattabeeset, Mattabeseck, Mattabesett, Mattabe- sicke= Mattabesec. Matchapungos, Ma-to’ nu-man’-ke= Matonu- Mattacheese, Mattacheeset, Mattacheest, Matta- chiest, Mattachist= Mattakeset. Mattachucetts, Mattachusetts, Mattachussetts, Mattacusets= Massachuset. Mattakeese, Mattakeeset, Mattakesit= Mattakeset. Mattanawcook= Mattinacook. Mattapament= Mattapanient, Mattapony. Mattapanians= Mattapanient. Mattapanient=Mattapony. Mattapany= Mattapanient. Mattapeaset= Mattabesec. Mattapomens, Mattapoments, Mattaponies= Matta- pony. Mattapuist, Mattapuyst= Mattapoiset. Mattasoons= Amahami. Mattassins= Mistassin. Mattathusetts= Massachuset. Mattatuck= Mattituck. Mattatusetts= Massachuset. Mattaugwessawacks= Dakota. Mattawankeag= Mattawamkeag. Mattebeseck— Mattabesec. Mattecumska, Mattemusket= Mattamuskeet. Mattetuck= Mattituck MATCHAGAMIA——-MEAT-WHO [B..A. B. Matthiaqua= Mathiaca. Mattikongy=Naraticon. Mattinacock, Mattinnekonck=Matinecoc. Mattoal= Mattole. Mattouwacky, Mattowax= Metoac. Mattpament= Mattapanient. Mattschotick= Matchotic. Matu-és’-wi skitchi-ni-ik= Micmac. Mat-ul-pai= Matilpe. Matuwacks= Metoac. Matza-ki, Matzaqui= Matsaki. ; Maubela, Maubila, Maubile, Maubileans, Maubil- ians= Mobile. Mauchage, Mauchaug= Manchaug. Maudaus= Mandan. Maudowessies= Dakota. Maugaugon= Maguaga. Maughwawame= Wyoming. Mauguawogs, Mauhaukes, Mauhauks, Maukquog- ges= Mohawk. Maumée, Maumes, Maumies= Miami. Mau-os-aht= Manosaht. Mauquaoy, Mauquas, Mauquauog, Mauquauogs, Mauquaw, Mauquawogs, Mauquawos, Mauques= Mohawk. Mauraigans, Mauraygans= Mahican. Mausalea= Mosopelea. Mausand= Mishongnovi. Mauscoutens= Mascoutens. Mauton= Mento. Mauvais Monde des Pieds-Noirs=Sarsi. Mauvila, Mauvilians, Mauviliens= Mobile. Mavaton= Maraton. Mavila, Mavilians, Mavilla= Mobile. Mawada¢in= Mandan. Ma-wahota, Ma-waqota= Mawakhota. Mawatadan, Mawatani, Mawatayna= Mandan. Mawchiggin= Mohegan. Maw-dan= Mandan. Mawhakes, Mawhauogs, Mawhawkes= Mohawk. Mawhaws=Omaha. Mawhickon, Mawhiggins= Mohegan. Mawkey= Hopi. Mawmee= Miami. Mawques= Mohawk. Mawtawbauntowahs= Mdewakanton. Mawyk=Natick. Max=Nemah. Maxa-bomdu= Putetemini. Maxa-yute-cni= Magayuteshni. Maxe=Kdhun. Maxul=Masbeal. Maya= Mayo. Mayacmas=Makoma. Mayaco= Mayaca. Mayacomas= Makoma. Mayaguaci= Mayajuaca. Mayaintalap—Serranos. Mayanexit= Manexit. Mayarca, Mayarqua= Mayaca. Maydishkishdi= Mayndeshkish. Mayeces, Mayees= Mayeye. Mayekanders= Mahican. Mayes= Mayeye. Mayganathicoise= Mahican. Mayimeuten=Magemiut. Maykanders= Mahican. Mayoahe= Kiowa. Mayon=Wayon. Mayrra= Mayara. Mazahuas=Omaha. Mazames= Mazapes. Mazaquia= Matsaki. Ma-za-ro-ta= Magayuteshni. Maz-pegananka— Mazpegnaka. Mazquia, Mazuqui=Matsaki. M’cheudmi, M’cheuwami, M’chwauwaumi=Wyo- ming. WM’ chwihillusink= Wyalusing. Mdawakontons, Mdawakontonwans, M’day-wah- kaun-twan Dakotas, M’day-wah-kauntwaun Sioux, M’daywawkawntwawns, Mdeiyedan, Mde-wa- han-ton-wan, M’dewakanton, M’dewakantonwan, WW’ de-wakan-towwans, M’de-wakant’wan, Md-Wa- kans, Mdwakantonwans= Mdewakanton. Meadow Indians= Mascoutens. Me-a-me-ai-ga, Meames, Meamis= Miami. Meandans= Mandan. Meantacut, Meantaukett, Meanticut= Montauk. Meat-who= Methow. * BULL. 30] Mecaddacut= Mecadacut. Mec-a-no-to-ny= Mikonotunne. Mecaiwa=Pesawa. Mechayomy= Wyoming. Mech-cha-ooh=Tooksetuk. Mechecaukis= Foxes. Mecheckesiouw= Meggeckessou. Mechecouakis= Foxes. Mechemiton= Mechemeton. Mechias= Machias. Mechimacks= Micmac. Mechkentiwoom= Mechkentowoon. Mechuouakis= Foxes. Mecita= Hasatch. Mécontins= Mascoutens. Mecosukee= Mikasuki. Mecoutins= Mascoutens. Méc’-tcé= Meshtshe. Mecuppom= Wecuppom. Me-dama-rec= Bidamarek. Medaquakantoan, Medawah-Kanton, Med-a-wakan- toan, Medawakantons, Medawakanton Sioux, Medawakantwan, Medawaykantoans, Me-da-we- con-tong, Med-ay-wah-kawn-t/waron, Medaywa- kanstoan, Med-ay-wa-kan-toan, Medaywokant’- wans= Mdewakanton. . Medchipouria= Mosopelea. Me-de-wah-kan-toan, Medewakantoans, Medewakan- tons, Mede-wakan-t’wans= Mdewakanton. Medicine= Hanga. Medildin= Medilding. Mediwanktons= Mdewakanton. Mednoftsi= Ahtena. Medocktack, Medocteck, Medoctek, Médocthek, Me- doktek, Medostec= Medoctec. Medsigamea= Michigamea. Medwakantonwan= Mdewakanton. Meehayomy= Wyoming. Me-em-ma—Chimariko. Meendua= Mundua. Mee-ne-cow-e-gee= Miniconjou. Meesee Contee= Amaseconti. Meeseequaguilch= Miseekwigweelis. Mee-shom-e-neer= Mishongnovi. Meesucontu= Amaseconti. Meethco-thinyoowuc= Kainah. Meewa, Meewie= Miwok. Meewoe= Miwok, Moquelumnan Family, Megancockia= Mengakonkia. Megesiwisow*= Mikissioua. Mégezi= Mgezewa. Meggeckesjouw= Meggeckessou. Meghay, Meghey, Meghty= Mayeye. Me-giz-ze, Me-gizzee—Omegeeze. Meguak, Megual, Megue= Mohawk. Megum, Megumaawach= Micmac. Megwe= Mohawk. Meherine, Meherins, Meheron, Meherries, Meher- ring, Meherron= Meherrin. Mehethawas=Cree. Mehihammers= Mahican. Mé’h-teh= Meta. Meidoo= Maidu. Meihites= Mayeye. Meipoutsky= Meipontsky. Me-jé-ra-ja= Michirache, Tunanpin. Me-ka’/= Mikaunikashinga. Me-ka-né-ten= Mikonotunne. Mekasousky= Mikasuki. Me’-ki-tetin’-tin= Mekichuntun. Melattaw=Amalahta. Melecites= Malecite. Melhominys= Menominee. Melicite= Malecite. Méli’-lema= Tenino. Melisceet= Malecite. Meliwarik= Milwaukee. Mellataw=Amalahta. Melleki, Melleoki, Melloki— Milwaukee. Melomelinoia, Melominees= Menominee. Mel’/oopa=Nawiti. Melotaukes= Montauk. Melwarck, Melwarik=— Milwaukee. Memacanjo=Miniconjou. Membrenos=Mimbrefios. Memesoon=Comanche. Memilounioue= Miami. Meminimisset= Menemesseg. Memis= Miami. 3456—Bull. 30, pt 2—07——69 MECADDACUT——MESHA WI8UTCIG! 1089 Mém-koom-lish=Meomkumlis. Me’/mogg'ins= Memoggyins. Memonomier= Menominee. Menaches= Moache. Menamenies= Menominee. Menataukett= Montauk. Menatopa= Watopapinah. Me-nau-zhe-tau-naung, Me-nau-zhe-taw-naun—Me- nawzhetaunaung. Mencamis- Miami. Mencherink=Meherrin. Menchokatouches, Menchokatoux—Mdewakanton. Menchén=Huron. Mencouacantons, Mendawahkanton, Men-da-wa-kan- ton, Mendeouacanton, Mendeouacantous=Mdewa- kanton. Menderink= Meherrin. Mendewacantongs, Mende Wahkantoan, Mende-Wa- kan-Toann=Mdewakanton. Mendoerink= Meherrin. : Mendoucaton, Menduwakanton=Mdewakanton. Mendwrink—Meherrin. Menekut’thégi— Mequachake. Me-ne-sharne = Minisala. Menesinks, Menessinghs= Minisink. Menetare, Menetarres— Hidatsa. Mengua, Mengues, Menguy, Mengwe, Mengwee, Mengwi= Iroquois. Menherring, Menheyricks=Meherrin. Men-i-cou-zha = Miniconjou. Meniolagamika = Meniolagomeka. Menisink, Menissinck, Menissing, Menissins= Minisink. Menisupérik=Minesetperi. Mennisink, Mennissincks= Minisink. Mennominies= Menominee. Menoequet= Menoquet. Men of the Woods=Nopeming. Menoga= Menoquet. Menomenes, Me-né-me-ne-uk, Menomenies, Menom- inie, Menominny, Menomoee, Menomonees, Me- nomonei, Menomones, Menomonies, Menomonys, Menonomees, Menonomies= Menominee. Menowa Kautong, Menowa Kontong=Mdewakan- ton. Menquagon= Maguaga. Mentakett= Montauk. Mententons= Matantonwan. Mentoake= Montauk. Mentons= Mento. Mentonton=Matantonwan. Mentous= Mento. Menumesse = Menemesseg. Menuncatuk, Menunkatuck, Menunketuck, Menun ketucke, Menunquatucke=Menunkatue. ,» Meontaskett, Meontawket= Montauk. Meosigamia= Michigamea. Mequa= Mohawk. Meracock= Merric. Meraquaman= Meracouman. Mercedes= Merced. Mer-com= Mershom. Merechkawick, Merechkawikingh= Marychkenwi- kingh. Merhuan=Menequen. Mericock, Mericoke, Merikoke= Merric. Merimichi= Miramichi. Merocomecook= Rocameca. Meroke= Merric. Meronocomoco= Werowacomoco. Merrakwick= Marychkenwikingh. Merriack, Merricocke= Merric. Merrimacks= Pennacook. Merrimichi= Miramichi. : Mersapeage, Mersapege= Massapequa. Mertowacks= Metoac. Mé/-rxét-ke= Meetkeni. Mesa de Galisteo=Heshota Ayathltona. Mesa Encantada= Katzimo. Mesa of Galisteo=Heshota Ayathltona. Mesasagah= Missisauga. Mescale= Mescales. Mescaleres, Mescalers, Mescallaros, Mescaloro Apa- ches, Mescalos, Mescaluros= Mescaleros. Mescate= Mescales. Mescateras, Mescolero= Mescaleros. Meshagak=Nushagak. Méshawi8utcigi= Mashawauk, Menissinges, 1090 Meshawn= Meeshawn. Mesh e ne mah ke noong= Michilimackinac. Meshik= Mashik. Me-shing-go-me-sia, Me-shin-gi-me-yia= Meshirgo- mesia. . Meshipeshi= Msepase. Meshkalé kué= Mescaleros. Meshkwa'‘kihagi= Foxes. Meshones= Methow. Me-shong-a-na-we, Meshongnavi, Me-shung-a-na-we, Me-shung-ne-vi= Mishongnovi. Mesigameas= Michigamea. Mesilimakinac= Michilimackinac. Mesita, Mesita Negra= Hasatch. Meskeman= Meshkemau. Meskigouk= Maskegon. Meskwa ki‘agi= Foxes. Mespacht, mempent Mespaetches, Mespat, Mespath, Pope ill, Mespat Kil, Mespats-kil= Mas- peth. Mesquabuck= Mesquawbuck. Mesquit= Mesquite. Mesquita, Mesquittes= Mesquites. Messachusetts, Messachusiack= Massachuset. Messagnes, Messagues, Messasagas, Messasagies, Messasagoes, Messasagues, Messasaugues, Messas- sagas, Messassagnes, Messassagues= Missisauga. Messathusett= Massachuset. Messawomes= Iroquois. Messcothins= Mascoutens. Messenacks= Foxes. Messen-Apaches= Navaho. Messenecqz= Foxes. Messesagas, Messesagnes, Messesago, Messesagues, Messessagues, Messessaques= Missisauga. Messiasics= Missiassik. Messinagues, Messisagas, Messisages, Messisagues, Messisaugas, Messisaugers, Messissagas, Messis- sauga= Missisauga. Messorites, Messourites= Missouri. Messthusett= Massachuset. Mestecke= Mystic. Més-té¢l-tin= Mestethltun. Mestick= Mystic. Mestigos, Mestizo= Metis. Metabetshuan= Metabetchouan. Metackwem= Metocaum., Metacumbe=Guarungunve. Metaharta= Hidatsa. Metapa= Matape. Metapawnien= Mattapanient. Metchagamis, Metchigamea, Metchis= Michigamea. Met-cow-we, Metcowwee= Methow. Metea’s Village=Muskwawasepeotan. Metehigamis= Michigamea. Meteowwee= Methow. Meterries= Meherrin. Métésigamias= Michigamea. Methau, Methews, Methoms= Methow. Metlah Catlah, Metlahkatlah= Metlakatla. Metocunent= Metocaum. Me-too’-ta-hak= Mandan. Metotonta= Oto. Metousceprinioueks= Miami. Metouwacks, Metowacks= Metoac. Metsepe= Maspeth. Metsigameas= Michigamea. Metta8akik— Mattawamkeag. Metutahanke= Mandan. Meuntacut= Montauk. Mewahs=Miwok. Meweé Sagaagan Wénénéwak=Miskwagamiwisag- aigan. Mexicans= Pueblos. Méye= Mayeye. Meyemma=Chimariko. Meynomenys, Meynomineys= Menominee. Mezcaleros= Mescaleros. Mezquites= Mesquites. Mhikana=Mahican. Mi-ah-kee-jack-sah= Miakechakesa. Mi-ah’-ta-nés= Mandan. Mialaquo=Big-island. Miamee, Miames, Miamiha, Miamiouek= Miami. Miamis de la Grue= Atchatchakangouen. Miami town=Kekionga. Miankish= Piankashaw. Miantaquit= Niantic. MESH AWN—MIKASI-UNIKACI"GA. [B. A. BL / Miayuma=Mahoyum. Micanopy, Micanopy’s town=Pilaklikaha. Micasukee, Micasukeys, Micasukies, Micasukys= Mikasuki. Micéwa=Misshawa. Mi-caws=Makah. Miccasooky, Miccosaukie, Mic-co-sooc-e=Mikasuki. Michaelovski Redoubt=Saint Michael. Michalits=Muchalat. Michalloasen=Wyalusing. Michelimakina, Michellimakinac = Michilimacki- nac. sag Michéquipi, Miche-Miche-Quipy—Metsmets- op. Michesaking= Missisauga. Michiagamias, Michigamias, Michigamis, Michi- gania, Michiganians, Michigans, Michigourras= Michigamea. Michihimaquinac= Michilimackinac. Michilemackinah, Michilimacquina, Michilimake- nac, Michilimakina, Michilimakinac, Michilima- kinais, Michilimakinong, Michilimaquina, Michi- limicanack, Michilimickinac, Michillemackinack, Michillemakinack, Michillimacinac, Michilsimac- kinacks, Michillimakenac, Michillimakinak, Michillimaquina, Michillmiackinock, Michi Mac- kina, Michimmakina, Michinimackinac= Michili- mackinac. Michinipicpoet= Etheneldeli. Michisagnek= Missisauga. Michiskoui= Missiassik. Mich-la-its= Muchalat. Michlimakinak= Michilimackinac. Michmacs= Micmac. Michoapdos= Michopdo. Michonguave= Mishongnovi. Micibigwadunk= Michipicoten, Mi-ci-kqwit-mé yinné= Mishikhwutmetunne. Micilimaquinay, Micinima’kinunk= Michilimacki- nac. Mici’/qwit= Mishikhwutmetunne. Mickasauky, Micka Sukees, Mickasukians, Micka- sukies= Mikasuki. Mickemac= Micmac. Mickesawbe= Mickkesawbee. Mickmacks, Mickmaks= Micmac. Mick-suck-seal-tom= Micksucksealton. Mi-glauq/-tcu-wiin’-ti=Klikitat. Mi-¢la’/-us-min-t’ ¢ai’= Mithlausmintthai. Micmacks, Micmaks= Micmac. Micongnivi, Mi-con’-in-o-vi= Mishongnoyi. Miconopy=Pilaklikaha. Mi-con-o-vi= Mishongnovi. Mic-pa’p-sna= Mishpapsna. Mic-ta-pal-wa= Mishtapalwa. Mic-ta-pa-wa= Mishtapawa. Mictawayang= Mishtawayawininiwak. Middle Ant Hill= Halona. Middle Indians=Tangesatsa. Middle Mohawk Castle=Canajoharie. Middle Place= Halona. Middle Spokomish=Sintootoolish, Middletown= Middle Village. Midewakantonwans= Mdewakanton. Miditadi= Hidatsa. Midnodskie, Midnévtsi= Ahtena. Midu= Maidu. Miednoffskoi, Miednofskie= Ahtena. Miembre Apaches, Miembrenos, Miembres= Mimbre- fos. Mi-em-ma=Chimariko. Mienbre= Mimbrefios. Miggaamacks= Micmacs. Migichihilinious= Migechichiliniou. Mi’gisi=Omegeeze. Migiu, Migiugui= Miguihui. Migizi= Omegeeze. Miheconders, Mihicanders= Mahican. Mih-tutta-hang-kusch, Mih-Tutta-~-Hang-Kush=Me- tutahanke. Mika-ati=Shoshoni. Mikadeshitchishi= Nez Percés. Mika nika-shing-ga= Mikaunikashinga. Mikanopy=Pilaklikaha. Mika’ q‘e ni’ kaci’ ya=Mikakhenikashika, Mika qla jinga= Mikaunikashinga. Mikasaukies= Mikasuki. Mikasi-unikaci»ga= Mandhinkagaghe, —_—< BULL. 30] Mikasuky= Mikasuki. Mika unikaci"ga= Mikaunikashinga. Mikemak= Micmac. Mik-iara= Amaikiara. Mikikoues, Mikikouét, Mikikouet=Nikikouek. Mikinac= Michilimackinac. Mi‘kina’k= Mikonoh. Mi‘kina‘kiwadciwininiwag, Mi'kina‘kiwadshiwini- niwug, Mi‘kina‘kwatciwininiwag= Mikinakwa- dshiwininiwak, Mikissoua= Mikissioua. Mikkesoeke= Mikasuki. Mikmacs, Mikmak= Micmac. Mikouachakhi= Miskouaha. Mi’ kowa= Mehkoa. Miksuksealton= Micksucksealton. Mi’-ku-lite’= Mikulitsh. Mi’-kwun-nu’jinné’= Mikonotunne. Mi‘kyashé=Shoshoni. Milbauks-chim-zi-ans=Tsimshian. Mileo-to-nac= Melejo. Milicetes, Milicite=Malecite. Milky Hollow Ruin= Milky Wash ruin. a Indians, Millbank Sound Indians=Bella- ella. Mille Lac band= Misisagaikaniwininiwak. Milli-hhlama=Tenino. Milowacks= Metoac. Miltinoma= Multnomah. Milwaukie= Milwaukee. Mimai= Mimal. Mimbrenas, Mimbrerenos, Mimbres, Mimbres Apaches= Mimbrefios. Mimetari= Hidatsa. Miminimisset= Menemesseg. Mimvre= Mimbrefios. Mina‘ kwat= Menoquet’s village. Minataree, Minatares, Minatories= Hidatsa. Mincees, Minci= Munsee. Minckquas= Iroquois. Minckus= Conestoga. Mincquaas= Iroquois. Min-da,-war-car-ton= Mdewakanton. Mineamies= Menominee. Minecogue, Minecosias, Minecougan, Mi-ne-kan’- zus= Miniconjou. Mineoes= Mingo. Minésupé’rik= Minesetperi. Minetaire, Minetarees, Minetares= Hidatsa. Minetares of the Prairie=Atsina. Minetari, Minetaries, Minetarre= Hidatsa. Minewagi= Milwaukee. Mingaes= Iroquois. Mingo= Mingko. Mingoe, Mingos, Mingwee=Iroquois. Miniamies= Miami. Miniamis= Menominee. Mini-cala=Itazipcho. Mini-can-gsha= Miniconjou. Minicau= Piniquu. Mini-Conjou, Minicoughas, Minicoujons, Mini-kan- jous, Minikan oju, Minikanyes, Minikanye wozupi, in-i-kan’-zu, Mini-kiniad-za, Minikom)oos, Mini- konga, Minikongshas, Minikoéju= Miniconjou. Mi"i/niyk‘a cin’a= Mininihkashina. Minipata= Minnepata. Mini-sala=Itazipcho. Minishup’sko= Dakota. Minisincks, Minising= Minisink. Miniskuya kiduyn, Miniskuya kigun, kite’u2== Miniskuyakichun. Minissens= Minisink. Minissi= Munsee. Minissingh, Minissinks= Minisink. Ministeneaux=Cree. Minisuk= Minisink. Minitare, Minitarees— Hidatsa. Minitares of the Prairie=Atsina. Minitari= Hidatsa. Mini'tigunk= Menitegow. Mi"-ke’ ga"/-ye=Minkekhanye. Mi"-ke yin’-e=Minkeyine. Minkhotliatno= Mentokakat. Minnake-nozzo, Min-na-kine-az-zo, Minnecarguis, Minne-caushas, Minnecogoux, Minnecojous, Minne- congew, Minnecongou, Minneconjon, Minneconjos, Minneconjoux, Minnecoujos, Minnecoujou, Minne Coujoux Sioux, Minne-Cousha, Minnecowzues= Miniconjou, Miniskuya- MIKASUKY——MISKUAKES 1091 Minneh-sup-pay-deh= Minesetperi. Min-ne-kay’-zu, Minnekonjo= Miniconjou. Minnessinck= Minisink. ar ; Minnetahrees, Minnetahse, Min-né-ta-re, Minne- tarees, Minnetarees Metaharta= Hidatsa. Minnetarees of Fort de Prairie, Minnetarees of the Plains, Minnetarees of the Prairie=Atsina. Minnetarees of the Willows, Minnetaroes, Minnetar res= Hidatsa. | Minneways=ILllinois. Minnicongew, Minni-kan-jous, Minnikanye Woz- hipu= Miniconjou. Minnisink, Minnissincks, Minnissinke= Minisink. Minnitarees, Minnitarees Metaharta=Hidatsa. Minnitarees of Fort de Prairie=Atsina. Minnitarees of the Willows, Minnitaris, Minntaree= Hidatsa. Minoia= Aminoia. Minokantongs=Mdewakanton. Minominees, Minominies, Minomonees, Minoniones, Minoomenee= Menominee. Minoosky= Ahtena. Minoquet=Menoquet. Minowakanton, Minowa Kantong=Mdewakanton. Minowas=Iowa. Minoway-Kantong, Minoway Kautong, Minow Kan- tong= Mdewakanton. Minoya= Aminoya. Minquaas, Minquaes=Conestoga, Iroquois. Minquaos=Conestoga. Minqguas=Conestoga, Iroquois. Minquase, Minquays=Conestoga. Mi»’qudje-ints’e= Manhazulintanman. Minques, Minquinos, Minquosy=Conestoga. Minseys, Minsimini, Minsis= Munsee. Mi"tciratce= Michirache. Mintou= Mento. Minusing= Minisink. Minisky=Ahtena. pes fi a aeta-¢ataji= Zhanhadtadhis- an. Mixa-sa"-wet'agi= Minghasanwetazhi. Mi>xa/ska= Minghaska. Mit xa’ ska i’ niyk‘aci"’a= Minghaskainihkashina. Miook= Miwok. Mipacmas= Makoma. Mi’-p’cun-tik= Mipshuntik. Mipegoes, Mipegois= Winnebago. Miquesesquelna=Niquesesquelua. Miqui= Hopi. Miracopas== Maricopa. Miramis= Miami. Mirimichy= Miramichi. Mirocopas= Maricopa. Mirrachtauhacky= Montauk. Mi-sal-la Magun= Musalakun. Miscaleros= Mescaleros. Miscelemackena, Misclimakinack=Michilimack- inac. Miscolts=Miskut. Miscothins, Miscotins= Mascoutens. Miscott= Miskut. Miscouaquis= Foxes. Misham=Mishawum. Mi-shan-qu-na-vi= Mishongnovi. Mishawomet=Shawomet. Mishinimaki, Mishinimakina, Mishinimakinago, Mishini-makinak, Mishinimakinang, Mishinimak- inank= Michilimackinac. Mishiptonga=Kawaika. Mishkemau= Meshkemau. Mi-shong-i-niv, Mi-shong’-i-ni-vi, Mishongnavi, Mishongop-avi, Mishongnovi. Mishowomett=Shawomet. Misiassins (Petits)=Mistassin. Misilimakenak, Misillimakinac= Michilimackinac. Misinajua=Misinagua. Mision de Nacogdoches=Nuestra Sefiora de Guada- lupe de los Nacogdoches. Mi-sis=Omisis. Misisagas, Misisagey= Missisauga. Misiskoui= Missiassik. Misitagues= Missisauga. Mis-kai-whu= Miseekwigweelis. Mis-Keegoes=Maskegon. Miskigula= Pascagoula. Miskogonhirinis= Maskegon. Miskuakes=Miskouaha. o é Fy Mi-shong-in-ovi, Mi-shon-na-vi= 1092 Misku-Gami-Saga-igan-anishinabeg = Miskwagami- wisagaigan. Miskwadasi= Meskwadare. Miskwa-ka Mewe Sagdagan Wenenewak=Miskwa- gamiwisagaigan. Miskwiam=Musqueam. Miskwukeeyuk= Foxes. Mislimakinac= Michilimackinac, Misonk= Miemissouks. Misouris= Missouri. Misqueam= Musqueam. Misquito— Mesquite. Missada, Missages= Missisauga. Missaq uogues= Nesaquake. Missasagas, Missasago, Missasagué, Missassago, Mis- sassugas, Missaugees= Missisauga. Misselemachinack, Misselemakinach, Misselemak- nach= Michilimackinac. Missequeks, Missesagas, Missesagoes, Missesagues, Missesaques, Missiagos= Missisauga. Missilikinac, Missilimachinac, Missilimackinak, Missilimakenak, Missilimakinac, Missilimakinak, Missilimaquina, Missilinaokinak, Missilinianac, Missillimackinac, Missillimakina, Missilmakina= Michilimackinac. Missinasagues= Missisauga. Mission de St. Joseph=Goiogouen. Mission Montezuma=Casa Grande. Mission of the Holy Ghost=Shaugawaumikong. Mission Point=Restigouche. Missiosagaes= Missisauga. Missiouris= Missouri. Missiquecks, Missisagaes, Missisages, Missisagis, Missisagos, Missisagues, Missisaguez, Missisa- guys, Missisak, Missisakis, Missisaque, Missisa- quees, Missisauges= Missisauga. Missiscoui, Missiskouy= Missiassik. Mississaga, Mississagets, Mississageyes, Mississa- gez, Mississagies, Mississaguas, Mississague, Mis- sissaguras, Mississakis, Mississaques, Mississau- gers, Mississauges, Mississaugies, Mississaugues, Mississguas= Missisauga. Mississinaway= Mississinewa. Mississipone= Misesopano. Mississippi bands= Kitchisibiwininiwug. Missitagues= Missisauga. Missoori= Missouri. Missopeno=Sopone. Missounta, Missouria, Missourians, Missourie, Mis- souriens, Missouries, Missouris, Missourita, Mis- sourite, Missoury= Missouri. Misstassins= Mistassin. Missuri, Missurier, Missuris, Missurys= Missouri. Mistapnis, Mistasiniouek, Mistasirenois, Mistasi- rinins, Mistassini, Mistassinni, Mistassirinins= Mistassin. Mi’stavii/nit=Hotamitanio. Mistick= Mystic. Mistigouche= Restigouche. Mistissinnys= Mistassin. Mi’-sun= Misun. Misuris= Missouri. Mita= Meta. Mitahawiye=Kitkehahki. Mitaui= Methow. Mitchigamas, Mitchigamea, Mitchigamias=Michi- gamea. : Mitchinimackenucks= Michilimackinac. Mitchitamou= Mistassin. Mitc-hi-yu= Michiyu. Mi-tci’-ra-tce= Michirache. Mitc-Ka-na-Kau= Miscanaka. Mithouies= Methow. Mitiling= Kalopaling. Mi-til’-ti= Medilding. Mi’tlmetle’ltc= Mitlmetlelch. Mi-toam’ Kai Po-mo=Mitomkai Pomo. Mitshopda= Michopdo. Mitsita= Wichita. Mitutahankish, Mitutahankuc= Metutahanke. Mitysén=Tonkawa. Mivira= Quivira. Mi’-wa, Mi/wi=Miwok. Mi-wok= Moquelumnan Family. Miyamis= Miami. Miyi=Mayeye. Mizamichis= Miramichi. Mkatewetitéta=Siksika. MISKU-GAMI-SAGA-IG.AN-A NISHIN ABEG—-MOHEAG [B. A. B. Mnacedeus= White Indians. Mnakho-tana=Unakhotana. Moacha= Yuquot. Moachet=Mooachaht. Moacks= Mohawk. Moadassa= Muklassa. Moadoc, Moahtockna= Modoc Moak= Mohawk. Moal-kai= Boalkea. Moan’-au-zi= Mono. Moan-Kopi=Oraibi. Moassones, Moassons= A bnaki. Moatakish= Modoc. Mo/atcath= Mooachaht. Moatok-gish, Méatokni= Modoc. Mo-a-wa-ta-ve-wach=Tabeguache. Moawk= Mohawk. Mobas= Movas. Mobeluns, Mobilas, Mobileans= Mobile. Mobilians=Creeks, Mobile, Muskhogean Family. Mobiliens= Mobile. Mocalasa= Muklassa. Mocas= Hopi. Moccasin-with-holes= Bannock. Mochgeychkonk= Mechgachkamicec. Mochgonnekoneck=Shinnecock. Mochi= Hopi. Mochicahuy, Mochicohuy= Mochicaui. Mochies= Hopi. Mochila= Mochilagua. Mochomes= Delaware. Mochop= Mochopa. Mockhoeken= Hockhocken. Mo-cko’-yi= Creeks. Mockways= Mohawk. Mocogo, Mocosa, Mocoso, Mocosson= Moquoso. Mocquages, Mocquayes= Mohawk. Moctesuma=Casa Grande. Moctezuma=Oposura. Moctoby= Moctobi. Modanks, Mo-docks, Modoes, Mo/dokni, Modook= Modoc. Mo-é-ka-ne-ka’-she-ga= Manyinka. Mo-é-kwe-ah-ha=Chedunga. Moelobites= Moctoby. Moencapi= Moenkapi. Moenemines Castle, Moeneminnes Castle=Mone- mius. Moeng8ena= Moing wena. Moen-kopi= Moenkapi. Mennitarris= Hidatsa. Moeroahkongy= Meletecunk. Mo-e-twas=Palaihnihan Family. Mogall, Mogallones= Mogollon. Mogekin= Mohegan. Mogeris= Hopi. Mogianeucks= Mohegan. Mogin= Hopi. Mogino= Moquino. Mogkunkakauke= Magunkaquog. Moglushah town=Mugulasha. Mogogones, Mogoll, Mogollone= Mogollon. Mogolushas= Mugulasha. Mogoso= M oquoso. Mogoulachas= Mugulasha. Mogoyones= Mogollon. Mogozo= Moquoso. Moguachis= Moache. Mogui= Hopi. Moguino= Moquino. Mohaakx= Mohawk. Mohacé= Hopi. Mohacks, Mohaco, Mohacqs, Mohacques, Mohaes, Mohaggs= Mohawk. Mohagin= Mohegan. Mohags= Mohawk. Mohahve= Mohave. Mohaks, Mohakx= Mohawk. Mohansick= Manhasset. Mohage, Mohaqs, Mohaques= Mohawk. Mohaskahod= Mahaskahod. Mohaucks, Mohaugs, Mohaukes, Mohauks=Mo- hawk. Mohavi, Mohawa= Mohave. Mohawcks= Mohawk. Mohawe= Mohave. Mohawkes, Mohawques, Mohaws= Mohawk. Moheag, Moheagan, Moheaganders, Moheéages, Mo- heagues= Mohegan. Modok, Mo/dokish, BULL. 30] Moheakanneews, Moheakenunks, Moheakounuck, Moheakunnuks, Mohecan, Moheckons, Mohecon- nock, Mo-hee-gan= Mahican. Moheegins, Moheegs, Moheek, Moheganicks, Mohe- gen, Moheges, Mohegin= Mohegan. Mohego= Mohawk. Mohegs, Moheken= Mohegan. Mohekin, Mo-he-kun-e-uk, Mo-he’-kun-ne-uk, Mohe- kunnuks, Mohekunuh= Mahican. Mohemenchoes, Mohemenehoes, Mohemonsoes= Mo- hemencho. Mohetan=Moheton. Mohicander, Mohicands= Mahican. Mohican Johnstown= Mohickon John’s Town. Mohican™, Mohicans, Mohiccons, Mohickan, Mohick- anders, Mohicken= Mahican. Mohicken Village=Mohickon John’s Town. Mohickons= Mahican. Mohigan, Mohiganeucks, Mohiganie, Mohigens, Mohiggans, Mohiggen, Mohiggeners, Mohighens, Mohigin= Mohegan. Mohigon= Mahican. Mohigoners= Mohegan. Mohikan, Mohikander, Mahican. Mohineyam=Serranos. Mohingans, Mohingaus= Mahican. Mohkach= Mokaich. Mohk ta hwa tan in=Mogtavhaitaniu. Moh-kuh’= Makan. Mohoakk= Mohawk. Mohocanders= Mahican. Mohoce= Hopi. Mohocks, Mohocs=Mohawk. Mohogans= Mahican. Mohoges, Mohoggs= Mohawk. Mohogin= Mohegan. Mohogs= Mohawk. Mohokanders= Mahican. Mohokes, Mohoks= Mohawk. Mohoning= Mahoning. Mohontowonga= Manckatawangum. Mohoqui, Mohotze= Hopi. Mohoukes, Mohowaugsuck, Mohowawogs, Mohowks, Mohox= Mohawk. Moh-tau-hai’/-ta-ni-o= Ute. Mohtawas=Kansa. Moh-ta’-wa-ta-ta’-ni-o=Sihasapa. Mohuache, Mohuache Utahs, Mohuache Utes= Moache. Mohuccons, Mohuccories= Mahicen. Mohucks= Mohawk. Mohuhaches= Moache. Moi-ka-nika-shing-ga= Manyinka. Moingoana, Moingona, Moins= Moingwena. Mojaoes, Mojaris, Mojaur, Mojave= Mohave. Mojual-ua= Mojualuna. W’ okahoki=Okahoki. Mékai=Calapooya. Mokaiqch, Mo’/-kaitc=Mokaich. Mokalusha=Imongalasha. Mo-katsh= Mokaich. Mokaus, Mokawkes= Mohawk. Moke=Calapooya. Mokee= Hopi. Mokelemnes= Mokelumne. Moke maklaks=Calapooya. Mokes= Hopi. Mokhabas= Mohave. Moki= Hopi. Molalalas, Molale, Molalla, Molallah, Molallalas, Mohikonders, Mohikons= Molallales, Molalle Indians, Molallie, Mo-lay- less= Molala. Molchatna=Mulchatna. Moleaaleys, Molealleg, Mole Alley, Moleallies= Molala. Molejé—Santa Rosalina Mulege. Molel=Molala. Molele=Molala, Waiilatpuan Family. Molelie, Molell, Mollalas= Molala. Molloua, Moloa, Molona=Homolua. Mélsem= Malssum. Moltnomas= Multnomah. Molxaves= Mohave. Mominimisset= Menemesseg. Monachans= Monacan. Monache, Mo-na-chi= Mono. Monahasanugh, Monahassanughes= Monahassano. Monahegan, Monahiganeucks, Monahiganick, Mo- MOHEAKANNEEWS—MONUHCHOGOK 10938 nahiggan, Monahiggannick, Monahigganie, Mona- higgens, Monahiggon, Monahigon= Mohegan. Monahoacs= Manahoac. Monakin= Monacan. Monamoy, Monamoyik= Manamoyik. Monanacah Rahowacah, Monanacans= Monacan. Monas= Mono. Monasiccapanoes, Monasiceapanoes, Monasickapa- noughs, Monasukapanough= Monasiccapano. Monatons, Monatuns= Manhattan. Moncey= Munsee. Mondaque= Anadarko. Monecoshe Sioux= Miniconjou. Mon-eka-goh-ha— Mandhinkagaghe. Monemiu’s castle=Monemius. Monengwanekan=Shaugawaumikong. Mongontatchas, Mongoulacha, Mongoulatches—Mu- gulasha. Mongsoa LEithynyook, Monsoni. Monguagon= Maguaga. Monhagin= Mohegan. Monhauset= Manhasset. Monheagan, Monheags, Monhegans, Monhege, Mon- hegen, Monhiggin, Monhiggons, Monhiggs= Mohe- gan. Monimoy= Manamoyik. Moningwanekan=Shaugawaumikong. Monis= Menominee. Monkey Indians= Hopi. Monloua= Homolua. Mon-mish=Samamish. Monmuchloosen=Wyalusing. Monnesick= Minisink. Monocans= Monacan. Monoes= Mono. Monohegens= Mohegan. Monomeni= Menominee. Monomete= Manomet. Monomins, Monomonees= Menominee. Monomoy= Manamoyik. Monomunies= Menominee. Mo-no’-ni-o= Mandan. Mono Pi-Utes= Mono. Monquoi= Hopi. Mons= Mous. Monsaunis= Monsoni. Monsays, Monsees, Monseys, Monsi= Munsee. Monsiemakenack= Michilimackinac. Monsies= Munsee. Monsonabi, Monsonavi= Mishongnoyi. Monsone, Monsoni= Mousonee. Monsonico, Monsonies= Monsoni. Monsopela= Mosopelea. Monsounic= Monsoni. Mons8pelea, Monsoupelea= Mosopelea. Monsys= Munsee. Montacut= Montauk. Montagnais=Chipewyan, Nahane. Montagnais of Lake St, John=Chicoutimi. Montagnaits= Montagnais. Montagnardes= Montagnard. Montagnards, Montagnars= Montagnais. Montagnees=Chipewyan. Montagnes=Chipewyan, Montagnais. Montagnese= Mikinakwadshiwininiwak. Montagnets= Montagnais. Montagneurs= Onondaga. Montagnez=Chipewyan, Montagnais. Montagnois, Montagrets= Montagnais. Montagués= Montagnais, Onondaga. Montaignairs, Montaigners, Montaignes, gnets, Montainiers= Montagnais. Montake, Montaks= Montauk. Montanaro, Montaniak= Montagnais. Montank, Montauckett, Montaug, Montaukett, Mon- taukut, Montauque= Montauk. Montawanskeag= Mattawamkeag. Montekakat= Mentokakat. Monterey=San Carlos. Montezuma=Casa Grande, Casa Montezuma. Montezuma Pueblo= Pueblo Pintado. Monthees, Montheys= Munsee. Montoake, Montocks, Montok— Montauk. Montotos=Nutunutu. Montoweses= Mantowese. Mont-Pelés= Monts Pelés. Montucks= Montauk. Moénuhchogok= Manchaug. Mongsoa-eythinyoowuc= Montai- 1094 Monument, Monumet=Manomet. Monunkatuck= Menunkatuce. Monymoyk= Manamoyik. Monzoni= Monsoni. Mooacht-aht, Moo-cha-aht= Mooachaht. Moochas= Motsai. Moogunkawg= Magunkaquog. Moohags= Mohawk. Mooklausa, Mooklausan, Mook-lau-sau= Muklassa. Moolalle= Molala. Moolamchapa= Mulamchapa. Mooleilis= Molala. Moon/-au-zi= Paiute. Moon-calves= Menominee. Moon’-cha=Tunanpin. Moons= Mous. Moonyville Saw Mills=Moodyville Saw Mills. Mooqui= Hopi. Moor-i-ohs, Moo-ris= Murek. Moose-deer Indians, Moose Indians, Moose River In- dians= Monsoni. Mooshahneh, Mooshanave, Moo-sha-neh, Mooshongae nay vee, Mooshongeenayvee, Moo-song’-na-ve= Mishongnovi. Mootaeyuhew= Mataguay. Mo-o-tza= Hopi. Moouchaht= Mooachaht. Moq, Moqni= Hopi. Moquaches= Moache. Moquaes= Mohawk. Moqua Indians= Hopi. Moquakues, Moquas, Moquase, Moquauks, Moqua- wes= Mohawk. Moquelumne= Moquelumnan Family. Moquelumnes= Mokelumne. Moques= Hopi. Moqui= Hopi, Mohawk, Walpi. Moquian Pueblos= Hopi. Moqui concave= Moenkapi. Moquinas, Moquinos, Moquins, Moquitch, Moquois= Hopi. Moquopen= Mecopen. Moquy= Hopi. Morahicanders=Mahican. Morahtkans= Mohegan. Moraigane, Moraiguns, Moraingans=Mahican. Morai-uh= Murek. Moranghtaouna= Moraughtacund. Morargans= Mahican. Moratico, Moratocks, Moratoks=Moratoc. Morattico—Moraughtacund., Morattiggon= Moratiggon. Moratuck= Moratoc. Moraughtacud= Moraughtacund. Morheton=Hahatonwanna, Morhicans= Mohegan. Morias= Murek. Moricetown= Lachalsap. Mo-ri-ohs= Murek. Morisons= Monsoni. Morlal-les= Molala. Morqui= Hopi. Morshevoi, Morshewskoje, Morzaivskoi, Morzhevs- koe, Morzovoi= Morzhovoi. Mosack= Masac’s Village. Mosanais, Mosanis, Mosasnabi, Mosasnave=Mish- ongnoyi. Moscalara= Mescaleros. Moscama=Mocama. Moses’ Band=Sinkiuse. Moshamoquett= Massomuck. Moshanganabi= Mishongnoyi. Moshkos= Foxes, Mascoutens. Moshome=Nayaho. Moshongnavé= Mishongnoyi. Mosi= Hopi, Kadohadacho., Mosicha= Hopi. Moskoky=Creeks. Moskwas=Mooskwasuh. Mosonique= Mousonee. Mosopelleas, Mosopolca, Mosopolea= Mosopelea. Mosquaugsett= Mohawk. Mosquies= Hopi. Mosquitans= Mascoutens. Mosquitos=Mascoutens, Mosquito Indians. Mossette= Masset. Mossonganabi, Moszasnavi= Mishongnoyi. Motantees=Oto. MONUMENT—MUCKKOSE [B. A. B. Motarctins=Mascoutens. Mo-ta-to-sis, Mo-ta/-tots=Motahtosiks. Mo’tawas=Kansa. Mo/tclath= Muchalat. M6-ts= Hopi. Motschicahuz= Mochicaui. Mots6nitaniu= Woksihitaniu. Motssum= Mutsun. Motiutatak=Oto. Motuticatzi= Mututicachi. Mouchatha=M ooachaht. Mougolaches, Mougoulachas= Mugulasha. Mouguis= Hopi. Mouhaks= Mohawk.’ Mouingouena= Moingwena. Mouloubis= Moctobi. Mountacutt= Montauk. Mountain=Chipewyan. Mountain Assinaboins—Tschantoga. Mountain Comanche= Apache. Mountaineer=Chipewyan. Mountaineers= Montagnais, daga. Mountain Indians=Chipewyan, Etagottine, Koyu- kukhotana, Montagnais, Tenankutehin, Tu- techonekutchin. Mountain-men=Tenankutchin. Mountain Sheep-Eaters=Tukuarika. Mountain Sheep Men=Abbatotine. Mountain Stoneys, Mountain Stonies=Tschantoga. Mountaneers, Mountanees= Montagnais. Mourigan= Mahican. Mousas= Mouisa. Mouskouasoaks= Malecite. Mous-o-neeg= Mousonee. Mousonis= Monsoni. Mouuache Utes=Moache. ow Mouvilla, Mouville, Movila, Movill=Mo- ile. Mowaches= Mooachaht. Mowacks, Mowakes, Mowaks= Mohawk. Mowatak= Modoc. Mo-watch-its, Mowatshat= Mooachaht. Mowelches= Wimilchi. Mowhakes, Mowhaks, Mowhakues, Mowhauks, Mowhauogs, hawks= Mohawk. Mowheganneak= Mohegan. Mowhemcho, Mowhememchuges, Mowhemenchouch, sedadapani ie Mowhemincke = Mohemen- cho. Mowhoake, Mowhohs= Mohawk. Mowi’ats= Moyvwiats. Mowill= Mobile. Mo wis si yu= Moiseyu. Mowitchat=Mooachaht. Mow-mish=Sahmamish. Mowquakes= Mohawk. Mow-shai-i-na, Moxainabe, Moxainabi, Moxainavi= Mishongnoyi. Moxi= Hopi. Moxionavi, Moxonaui, Moxonavi= Mishongnoyi. Moyaoncs, Moyaonees, Moyaones, Moyaons=Moya- wance. Moyave= Mohave. Moyencopi= Moenkapi. Moyoacks= Nottoway. Moyoones, Moyowahcos, Moyowance= Moyawance. Mozamleeks= Mozeemlek. Mozaqui=Matsaki. Mozeemleck, Mozemleks=Mozeemlek. Mpaktam=Npiktim. Mrh=Murek. Mshawomet=Shawomet. M’shkudan’/nik=Prairie band of Potawatomi. Muabe= Moenkapi. Muache=Moache. Muahuaches, Muares=Moache. Mii’atokni= Modoc. Muca= Hopi, Oraibi. Mu-ca-la-moes= Mescaleros. Mucclasse=Muklassa. Muchalaht, Muchlaht=Muchalat. Muchquauh, Much-quauh=Makwa. Mii-cin’-t’a yanné=Coos. Muckalucs= Klamath. Muckeleses= Muklassa. Muckhekanies= Mahican. Muckkose, Muck-Rose= Maukekose. Montagnard, Onon- Mowhaugs, Mowhawkes, Mow- BULL. 30] Mucogo= Moquoso. Mucogulgee=Creeks. Muddy River Indians=Piegan. Muenkapi= Moenkapi. Mu-gua= Hopi. Muhekannew, Muhheakunneuw, Muhheconnuck= Mahican. Muhheconnuk=Stockbridge. Muhheeckanew, Muh-hee-kun-eew, Muhhekaneew, Muhbhekaneok= Mahican. Muhhekanetk= Mohegan. Muhhekanew= Mahican, Stockbridge. Muhhekaniew, Muhhekanneuk, Muhhekanok, Muh- hekenow, Mubhekunneau, Muhhekunneyuk, Muh- kekaneew= Mahican. Muihibay= Muiva. Miu-i-nyan wun-wu=Muiyawu. Mikaluk= Klamath. Mi-ke= Hopi. Mukeemnes, Mukelemnes= Mokelumne. Mukickans= Mahican. Muk-im-dua-win-in-e-wug= Pillagers. Mukkekaneaw= Mahican. Mukkudda Ozitunnug=Siksika. Mukkundwas= Pillagers. Muk-kwaw= Makwa. Mukmacks= Micmac. Muk-me-dua-win-in-e-wug= Pillagers. Muk-ud-a-shib=Sheshebe. Mukundua, Muk-un-dua-win-in-e-wing, Muk-un-dua- win-in-e-wug, Mukundwa=Pillagers. Muk-wah= Makwa. Mul’-cin-tik= Mulshintik. Mulege, Mulexe=Santa Rosalia Mulege. Muleyes= Mayeye. Mulknomans= Multnomah. Mul-lat-te-co=Numaltachi. Multinoma, Multnomia= Multnomah. Mumaltachi= Numaltachi. Mum-i’-o-yiks=Mameoya. Mumtrahamiut, Mumtrahamut, Mumtrak. Mumtrekhlagamiut, Mumtrekhlagamute, Mumtre- lega= Mumtrelek. Min-an’-né-qu’-janné= Klikitat. Munceys= Munsee. Munchie, Munchies= Hopi. Muncies, Muncy= Munsee. Mundaywahkanton, Munday Wawkantons=Mde- wakanton. Mundwa=Mundua. Mungwas= Iroquois. Munhegan, Munhicke= Mohegan. Munina=Ninilchik. Min-kqge’-tin= Kheerghia. Munnucketucke= Menunkatuc. Mun-o-min-ik-a-she-ug= Munominikasheenhug. Munqui concabe= Moenkapi. Munsays= Munsee. Munsee settlement= Hickorytown. Mun-see-wuk, Munses, Munsey, Munseyis= Munsee. Munsey Town=Wapicomekoke. Munsi, Munsies, Munsy= Munsee. Muntake, Muntauckett, Muntaukett= Montauk. Mi‘-tci’/-nye=Munchinye. Mu"-tci’-ra-tee=Tunanpin. Miun-ya’u-wu=Muiyawu. Muoe=Muoc. Muqui= Hopi. Muqui concabe= Moenkapi. Muracumanes= Meracouman. Muradicos=Shoshoko, Murderer’s kill Indians= Waoranec. Murdering town=Kuskuski. Mur-iohs=Murek. Murphy=Quanusee. Murthering Town=Kuskuski. Mur til par= Matilpe. Muruam= Mariames. Musaleros= Mescaleros. Mu-sal-la-kun=Musalakun. Musaogulge, Muscagee=Creeks. Muscagoes=Maskegon. Muscalaroe, Muscaleros, Muscallaros=Mescaleros. Muscamunge=Mascoming. Muscogee=Creeks, Muskhogean Family. Muscogeh, Muscogulges, Muscolgees=:Creeks., Musconogees, Muscononges= Maskegon. Muscoten, Muscoutans= Mascoutens, Muhbheakunnuk, Mumtrahamute= MUCOGO—NA-AI’ 1095 Muscows, Musgogees=Creeks. Musha’/ch=Moshaich. Mu-shai-é-now-a, Mu-shai-i-na, Mushanganevi, Mu- shangene-vi, Mushangnewy, Mushanguewy, Mu- sha-ni, Mushaugnevy= Mishongnovi. Mushkeags, Mushkigos= Maskegon. Mushkodains, Mush-ko-dains-ug= Mascoutens. Muskagoes, Mus-ka-go-wuk= Maskegon. Mus-ka-le-ras, Mus-ka-leros= Mescaleros. Muskantins= Mascoutens, Muskeegoo, Muskeg, Muskeggouck= Maskegon. Muskegoag= Maskegon, Nopeming,. Muskegoe, Muskegons, Muskegoo, Muskego Ojib- ways=Maskegon. Muskegos=Creeks. Muskeleras, Muskeleros= Mescaleros, Musketoons= Mascoutens. Muskhogee, Muskhogies=Muskhogean Family. Muskigo= Maskegon. Muskingom, Muskingun, Muskinkum= Muskingum. Musk-keeg-oes= Maskegon. Muskogee= Creeks. Muskoghe= Mascoutens. Muskogolgees, Muskohge, Muskohogee, Muskokes= Creeks. Muskoncus= Muscongus. Mus-koo-gee=Creeks. Muskotanje= Mascoutens. Mus-ko-ta-we-ne-wuk= Paskwawininiwug. Muskoutings, Muskulthe, Muskutawa—Mascou- tens. Mus-kwa-ka-uk, Muskwake= Foxes. Musqua=Creeks. Musquabuck= Mesquawbuck. Musquacki, Mus-quack-ki-uck= Foxes. Musquahanos= Musquarro. Musquakees, Musquakes, Musquakies, Musquak- kink= Foxes. Musquash= Wazhush. Musquatans, Musquaties=Mascouten. Musquattamies= Foxes. Musquattimay=Welegcens. Musquawkée= Foxes. Musqueeam, Musqueom=Musqueam Musquetens= Mascoutens. Musquiakis= Foxes. Musquins, Musquint=Oraibi. Musquitans= Mascoutens. Musquito= Mesquite. Musquitoes= Mascoutens, Mosquito Indians, Musquitons= Mascoutens. Musscovir= Missouri. Musshuntucksett= Maushantuxet. Mussisakies= Missisauga. Mustac= Mustak. Mustassins= Mistassin. Mustees= Metis. Mustegans= Maskegon. Musteses= Metis. Mutawatan=Ute. Muthelemnes= Mokelumne. Mutistal= Mutistul. Mutseen= Mutsun. Mut-sha=Motsai. Miutsiana-tiniu= Kiowa Apache. Se cane Family, Moquelumnan Fam- ily. Mutsunes, Mutzun, Mutzunes= Mutsun. Muutzicat=Muutzizti. Muwa=Miwok. Mu-wi=Mugu. . Muxlasalgi= Muklasalgi. Mu xtsuhintan= Apache. Muyx-tzi’-entan=Querechos. Muzaque, Muzaqui= Matsaki. M-Wai-ai-kai=Wiwekae. Myacmas, Myacomaps=Makoma. Myalaname= Pueblos. Myamicks, Myamis= Miami. Myanexit= Manexit. Mynckussar, Myncqueser=Conestoga. Mynomamies, Mynomanies, Mynonamies=Menom- inee. Mystick= Mystic. Na. For all names beginning with this abbrevi- ation and followed by Sa, Sra, or Sefiora, see Nuestra. Na-ai’= Nahane, 1096 Na-aic’/=Naaish. Naa/‘igine, Naa‘idine‘=Naai. Na-ai-ik=Naaik. Naalem=Nehalem. Na‘a‘lgas xa’da-i= Naalgushadai. Naamhok=Amoskeag, Naumkeag. Naamkeeks= Amoskeag. Naamkeke= Naumkeag. Naamskeket=Namskaket. Na-ané-ottiné, Na an-ne=Nahane. Naantucke= Niantic. Naa-nu-aa-ghu=Nanyaayi. Naas=Chimmesyan Family. Naaskaak= Naasumetunne. Naas River Indians=Niska. Naass=Chimmesyan Family, Salishan Family. Naaticokes= Nanticoke. Naatsi= Naasumetunne. Nababish= Nabobish. Nabadaches, Nabadachie, Nabdadatsu, Nabaducho, Nabaduchoes= Nabedache. Nabaho, Nabahoes= Navaho. Nabaidatcho, Na-ba’-i-da’/-tt= Nabedache. Nabajo, Nabajoa, Nabajo Apaches, Nabajoe=Na- vaho. Nabakoa=Nibakoa. Nabari=Nabiri. Nabat’ hii ti’ei= Nabatrituei. Nabato, Nabaydacho=Nabedache. Nabbehoes=Navaho. Nabedoches, Nabeidacho, Nabeidatcho, Nabeitdacho, Nabidacho= Nabedache. Nabijos=Navaho. Nabiltse=Hupa. Nabites, Nabiti=Nabiri. Nabittse—Hupa. Nabobask, Nabobic=Nabobish. Nabojas, Nabojo= Navaho. Nabojoa=Navojoa. Nabsquassets=Nobscusset. Nabuggindebaig=Choctaw, Salish. Nabu/aak=Nabukak. Nacacahoz=Natchitoch. Nacachao, Nacachas=Nacachau. Nacachez=Nacisi. Na-ca-ci-kin= Hano. Nacado-cheet= Nacogdoches. Nacamere= Nacameri. Nacanes= Detsanayuka. Nacao=Nacau. Nacar=Nacori. Nacassa, Nacassé, Nacatche=Nacisi. Nacaune=Detsanayuka. Nacaxes=Nacau. Na-cé-doc= Natchitoch. Nacha= Natchez. Nachee=Natchee, Natchez. Nachees=Necoes. Nachés= Natchez. Naches=Neche. Nachez= Natchez. Nachillee=Netchilirmiut. Nachis= Natchez. Nachitoches, Nachitock, Nachitooches, Nachitos, Nachittoos, Nachittos=Natchitoch. Nachodoches= Nacogdoches. Nacholchavi/gamut=Nakolkavik. Nacholke, Nachy=Natchez. Nachtichoukas=Natchitoch. Nacitos=Natchitoch. Nacoches=Nacachau. Nacochtant=Nacotchtank. Nacocodochy, Nacocqdosez, ocheet= Nacogdoches. Nacodoches=Nacogdoches, Nuestra Sefiora de la Guadalupe. Nacodochitos, Nacogdochet, Nacog-docke=Nacog- doches. Nacoho=Nacau. Nacomen=Nicomen. Naconomes= Detsanayuka. Nacoochee=Naguchee. Nacooks=Souhegan. Nacori Grande=Nacori. Nacostines= Nacotchtank. Nacosuras=Nacosari. Nacota= Assiniboin. Nacotah= Dakota. Na-co’-tah O-see-gah=Itscheabine. Nacodissy, Nacod- NA-AIO/—NAHACASSI Na-co’-ta Mah-to-pa-nar-to= Watopachnato. Nacotchtant=Nacotchtank. Nacpacha=Necpacha. Nactchitoches, Nactythos= Natchitoch. Nacume jinné, Nacumi=Nasumi. Nacunes=Detsanayuka. Nadaco, Nadacoc, Nadacoe= Anadarko. Nadacogdoches= Nacogdoche. Nadacogs, Nadaho, Nada’ko, Nadaku, Nadaku hayanu= Anadarko. Nadas, Nadassa=Natasi. Nadatcho= Anadarko, Nabedache. Nadawessi, Na-da-wessy= Dakota. Nadchés= Natchez. Nadchito, Nadchitochés, Nadchitoes=Natchitoch. Naddouwessioux= Dakota. Nadeche= Nabedache. Nadechés= Natchez. Nadeicha= Kiowa Apache. Nadesis= Dakota. Nadezes= Natchez. Nadiousioux, Nadissioux= Dakota. Nadiisha-déna’= Kiowa Apache. Nadocogs= Anadarko. Nadoeses, Nadoessi, Nadoessians= Dakota. Nadoessi Mascouteins= Iowa. Nadoessious, Nadonaisi, Nadonaisioug, Nadonech- iouk, Naonessioux, Nadonessis, Nadooessis =Dakota. Nadooessis of the Plains=Teton. Nadouags, Nadouagssioux, Nadouaissious, Nadou- aissioux, Nadouayssioux= Dakota. Nadouc, Nadouches= Natasi. Nadoiiechio8ec, Nadouechiouec, Nad8echi8ec, Na- douechiouek, Nadouecious, Nadouecis, Nad8eBis, Nadouesans, Nadouesciouz, Nadouesiouack, Na- douesiouek, Nadouesioux, Nadouesiouz, Nadoues- sans, Nadouesse= Dakota. Nad8esseronons sédentaires=Santee. Nadouessians, Nadouessies= Dakota. Nadouessi-Maskoutens=Iowa. Nadouessions, Nadouessiou, Nadotiessiouak, Na- aoheemenee Nadouessious, Nadouessioux=Da- ota. Nadouessioux des prairies, Nadouessioux Maskou- tens=lowa. Nadouessis, Nadouessons, Nadouessoueronons, Na- doussians, Nadoussieux, Nadoussioux, Nadouwe- sis, Nadovesaves, Nadovessians= Dakota. Nadowa= Huron. Na-do-wagé, Nadowaig, Nadowas=Iroquois. Na-do-wa-see-wug, Nadowasis, Nadowassis, Nado- waysioux= Dakota. Nadowé=Iroquois. Nadowesee, Nadowesi, Nadowesioux, Nadowessi, Nadowessiern, Nadowessies, Nado-wessiouex, Na- dowessioux, Nadowesteaus= Dakota. Na/dshir’ tii’/ei= Nachurituei. Nadsnessiouck= Dakota. Nadsonites= Nasoni. Nadsoos, Nadsous= Nanatsoho. Na/da‘li’=Natuhli. Nadussians, Naduwessi, Nadvesiv=Dakota. Naehiaok—Cree. Naékin=Naikun. Naékun k-éraua/i= Naikun-kegawai. Naélim, Na-e’-lam=Nehalem. Naembeck, Naemkeck, Naemkeek=Naumkeag. Naemschatet=Namskaket. Naé’/nasx'a=Naenshya. Nae-oche=Naguchee. Na-fhi-ap, Nafiad, Na-fi-ap, Nafiat, Nafihuide= Sandia. Nafoli=Eufaula. Nagail, Nagailas Indians, Nagailer=Takulli. Na’/gas=Nagus. Nagateux=Naguatex. Nagcodoche=Nacogdoches. Na-geé-uk-tor-mé-ut, Naggiuktop-meut, Naggo-ook- tor-me-oot=Nageuktormiut. le a ae Naghikhlavigamute=Nakol- avik. Nag-miout=Nak. Nagodoche, Nagogdoche= Nacogdoches. Naguadacé, Naguateeres=Natchitoch. Naguatez= Naguatex. Nagunaba= Nagonabe. Nagusi=Nacisi. Nagu‘tsi’=Naguchee, Nahacassi=Nacisi. [B. A. B. 4 BULL. 30] Nahajuey—Nahuey. Nahamcok= Naumkeag. Nah‘ane, Nahanés, Nahanies, Nahanies of the Up- per Stikine=Tahltan. Nahanis= Nahane. Nahan-’né, Nahannie=Nahane. Nahantick, Nahanticut= Niantic. Nahanxudtane= Nahankhuotane. Nahardakha= Nayuharuke. Nahari=Nabiri. Naharuke, Nahasuke=Nayuharuke. Naha-~’tdinné= Etagottine. Nahathaway=Cree. Nahaunie, Nah-aw’-ny= Nahane. Nah-bah-too-too-ee= Nabatutuei. Nahchee= Natchez. Nah-choo-rée-too-ee= Nachurituei. Nahcoktaws=Nakoahtok. Nahcotah=Dakota. Nah-dah-waig=Iroquois. Nahdawessy=Dakota. Nahdooways= Iroquois. Nahdowaseh= Dakota. Nahdoways=Iroquois. Na-he-ah-wuk=Sakawithiniwuk. Naheawak=Cree. Nahelem= Nehalem. Naherook= Nayuharuke. Nahhahwuk, Nahiawah=Cree. Nahicans, Nahiganiouetch, Nahiganset, Nahiggan- neucks, Nahiggonset, Nahiggonsick, Nahiggon- sycks, Nahigonset, Nahigonsick= Narraganset. Nahioak=Cree. Nahiri=Nabiri. Nahjo= Navaho. Nah-keoock-to, Nah-keuch-to, Nah-knock-to, Nah- kwoch-to= Nakoaktok. Nah-ma-bin= Namabin. Nah-moo-itk= Namoit. Nahodiche= Nabedache. Nahopani=Nakhopani. Nahordikhe= Nabedache. Nahotogy=Norwootuc. Nahoudikhé= Nabedache. Nalhpahpa=Nakhpakhpa. Nah-park-lu-lik=Napaklulik. Nah-poo-itle=Cathlapotle. Nah-rah-bé-gek= Norumbega. Nah-shah-shai= Hano. Nahtooessies= Dakota. Nahto-tin=Nataotin. Nah-t’singh=Natesa. Nahucke= Nayuharuke. Nahudiques= Nabedache. Nahum-keag= Naumkeag. Nahwahta=Nakoaktok. Nah-witte, Nahwittis=Nawiti. Nahy=Natchez. Nahyssans= Monahassano, Tutelo. Naiack=Nyack. Nai-a-gutl=Naagutl. Nai-a-kook-wie= Nayakaukaue. Naiantukq-ut=Niantic. Naicha, Naichas=Neche. Naichoas= Natchez. Naieck=Nyack. N’a/iEk=Naaik. Naiemkeck=Naumkeag. Naihantick—Niantic. Nia’k; ewanqiX = Niakewankih. Naikoon=Naikun. Na-iku’n gé’/gawa-i= Naikun-kegawai. Na-im-bai, Na-imbe, Na-i-mbi=Nambe. Naintilic=Niantilik. Na-isha Apache, Na-i-shan-dina= Kiowa Apache. Nais percez= Amikwa. Nai-te’-zi=Zuii. Naitticke= Natick. Na/izha’n=Lipan. Naiz Percez= Amikwa. Najack, Najeck, Najeek—Nyack. Nakaidine, Nakaidine=Nakai. Na-k’ ’al nas xa’ da-i=Nakalnas-hadai. Nakasas=Nacisi. Na-ka-si/-nin=Nakasinena. Na-kas-le-tin=Nikozliautin. Na/-kat-qai’ yinné=Nakatkhaitunne. Nakawawa, Naka-we-wuk=Cree. Nakazéteo-ten=Nikozliautin. NAHAJUEY—NAMYOK 1097 Na-ka-ztli= Nakraztli. Na-ka-ztli-tenne= Nikozliautin. Naked Indians= Miami. Naketoe’s, Naketosh, Nakitoches=Natchitoch. Na/k-oartok= Nakoaktok. Nako’dotch, Nakodo’tche, Nakohodétse=Nacogdo- ches. Nakoktaws=Nakoaktok. Nak'‘o/mgyilisila=Nakomgilisala. Na-ko-nies=Detsanayuka. Nakonkirhirinous=Nameuilini. Nakoontloon=Nakuntlun. Nakoozétenne=Nikozliautin. Na-ko-poz’/-na=Nikapashna. Nakoshyé/ni= Nakoshkeni. Nakota= Dakota. Nakot!a/t=Necotat. Nakotcho-Kuttchin, Na-kotchp6-ondjig-Kouttchin, Nakotchpo-ondjig-Kuttchin= Nakotchokutchin. Na-Kotchp6-tschig-Kouttchin= Kutchakutchin. Nakoukouhirinous= Nakkawinininiwak. Na-~’kra-ztli-’tenne=Nikozliautin. Na’kraztti=Nakraztli. Naks/-at= Mohave. Naktche= Natchez. Naki=Nakankoyo. Nakudotche, Nakihédotch— Nacogdoches. Na-kum=Nakankoyo. Na-kutch-oo-un-jeeh, Na/-kitch-w/-in-juk ki’tchin= Nakotchokutchin. Na/-kit-qe’ yinné’= Nakatkhaitunne. Nayiut-t’cu/-me=Nakwutthume, Nakwahtoh, Nakwartog, Na’k!wax-datx, kwok-to= Nakoaktok. Nalal se moch=Natalsemoch. Na’/‘lani=Comanche. Na’la/ni= Kiowa. Nalatchwaniak=Norridgewock. Nalatos=Nulato. Nalatsenoch= Natalsemoch. Na/lekuitx= Nalekuitk. Nalo-tin=Nulaantin. Nal’-te-ne-me’ jinné, Nal’/tené yinné/=Naltunne- tunne. Naitu’ck-an=Nahltushkan. Nalwetog=Norwootue. Namaaskeag= Naumkeag. Namabas=Nanibas. Namakaus= Navaho. Namanamin, Namananim=Kathlaminimin. Namaoskeags= Amoskeag. Namasakeeset= Mattakeset. Namascet=Namasket. Namaschaug=Amoskeag. Namaschet, Namascheucks=Namasket. Namaske= Amoskeag. Namassachusett, Namassakett, Namassekett=Na- masket. Namatakeeset= Mattakeset. Na-ma-we’-so-uk=Numawisowagi. Namawinini= Nameuilini. Namawisowagi=Numawisowagi. Namba, Nambéhun=Nambe. Nambeke= Naumkeag. Nambi= Nambe. Namcet=Nameaug. Name’/= Nama. Nameage= Nameaug. Nameanilieu= Nameuilini. Nameeag= Nameaug. Namekeake= Amoskeag. Nameock, Nameocke, Nameoke=Nameaug. Name8ilinis= Nameuilini. Naméug, Nameugg=Nameaug. Namewilinis= Nameuilini. Namgauck=Norridgewock. Nami Te=Nambe. Namkeake=Amoskeag, Naumkeag. Namkeg= Naumkeag. Nammiog= Nameaug. Nam0o/itk= Namoit. Namollos= Yuit. Namowit=Namoit. Nampé=Nambe. Namset= Nauset. Namskeket= Namskaket. Nam-tainin=Num. Namyok=Nameaug. Na/’- 1098 Nanaa/ri= Nanyaayi. Nanabine/na"= Nakasinena. Nanacgéjis= Nanashthezhin. Nanaganset=Narraganset. Nanaguami=San Rafael. Nanahas, Nanahaws= Navaho. Nanaimuk, Nanainio= Nanaimo. Nanasté/zin=Nanashthezhin. Nanatan=Nonotuce. Nana-tdéa= Nana. Na/na-tlu’gin’/=Nanatlugunyi. Nanatscho=Nanatsoho. Na/na-tsu'gin’= Nanatlugunyi. Na-na-wa-ni= Nanahuani. Nancaushy Tine=Nikozliautin. Nanch-agetan=Ankakehittan. Nancokoueten= Nassauaketon. Nancymond=Nansemond. Nandacaho, Nandako, Nandakoes, Nandaquies= Anadarko. Nandawissees= Dakota. Nandell’s village=Nandell. Nandoesi, Nandoessies= Dakota. Nandoquies= Anadarko. Nand-o-wa-se, Nandowese, Nandowessies=Dakota. Nandsamunds=Nansemond., Nandswesseis= Dakota. Nandtaughtacund=Nantaughtacund. Nanduye= Nanticoke. Nanemonds=Nansemond. Nan-gche-ari= Nanyaayi. Nanhegans= Mohegan. Nanheygansett, Nanhigansets, Nanhigganeuck, Nan- higganset, Nanhiggansick, Nanhiggon, Nanhig- gonset, Nanhiggonsicks, Nanhiggonticks, Nan- higgs, Nanhigonset, Nanhigonsick, Nanhygansett, Nanhygansit=Narraganset. Naniabas=Nanibas. Nanihiggonsicks=Narraganset. Na/nita=Comanche, Nanitch=Sanctch. Nanitomen=Nonantum. Nak’ haa"séine/na"= Nakasinena. Nanne Hamgeh=A bikudshi. Nanni=Nunni. Nannogans, Nannogansetts=Narraganset. Nannortalik=Nanortalik. Nanoa=Maquinanoa. Nanohigganeuks, Nanohigganset, Nanohiggunsets= Narraganset. Nanoni’ks-kare’/niki= Cheyenne. Nanoos, Nanoose=Snonowas. Na"pa"ta= Panhkawashtake. Napa"ta énikaci/ya=Nanpantaenikashika. Nan’pataqtsi=Panhkawashtake. Nanrantsoak, Nanrantsouak, Nanrants8ak, Nan- rantswacs, Nanrantswak=Norridgewock. Nansamond, Nansamund=Nansemond. Nanscud-dinneh= Naskotin. Nanseman, Nansemun=Nansemond. Nansi=Naansi. Nansoak ouatons, Nansouaketon, Nansotia Kotons= Nassauaketon. Nantalee=Natunli. Nantansowak=Norridgewock. Nantaquack, Nantaquaes, Nantaquak—Nanticoke. Nantautacund=Nantaughtacund, * Na»-tdo’‘a=Nang. Nantekokies= Nanticoke. Nantegets, Nantequits=Niantic. Nan-te-wé-ki=Seneca. Nantakokies, Nantico, Nanticock, Nanticoes, Nan- ticoks, Nanticooks=Nanticoke. Nantigansick= Narraganset. Nantihokes, Nantikokes, Nantikokies, Nantiocks, Nantiokes, Nantiquacks, Nantiquaks= Nanticoke. Nantiyallee=Nantahala. Nantley Tine=Natliatin. Nantoue= Mundua. Nan-towa= Nang. Nantowees, Nantowes =Iroquois. Nan’jse waspe= Nanzewaspe. Nantuckett, Nantucquet= Nantucket. Nantue=Nanticoke. Nantukes, Nantukett= Nantucket. Nantunagunk=-Ontonagon. Nantycokes= Nanticoke. Nantygansick, Nantyggansiks=Narraganset. Na-nua-li-q’mut, Na-nu’-a-luk’=Nanualikmut, Nandaquees, NANAA’RI—NARRATICONGS [B. A. B, Na wuine/na"= Nawunena. Nanzaticos= Nansattico. Naodiché, Naonediche= Nabedache. Naotetains= Nataotin. Naouadiché, Naoudiché, Naoudishe= Nabedache. Naouchlagamut=Nauklak. Naoudoouessis= Dakota. Naouediche, Naouidiche, Naouydiches, Naovediché= Nabedache. Napaches=Napochies. Napachiakachagamut=Napakiak. Napahaiagamut, Napahaiagamute, miut, Napahayagamute=Napakiak. Napaimiut, Napaimute— Napali. Napaiskagamut = Napaiskak. Napao=Navaho. Napaskeagamiut, Napaskiagamute=Napaiskak. Napetuca= Napetaca. Napeya, Na’pfé’ta=Sandia. Napgitache, Napgitoches=Natchitoch. Na-pi-ap=Sandia. Napicnoca=Nanipacna. Na-pi-hah=Sandia. Napissipi=Nabisippi. Napituca=Napetaca. Naponsett=Neponset. Napossa=Napissa. Nappa-arktok-towock= Nageuktormiut. Nappikomack= Nappeckamak. Napuat=Carrizo. Napyosa, Napyssas=Napissa. Na q!a’las xa’da-i= Nakalas-hadai. Naaq¢eit ‘a-baji, Naq¢e-it ‘aji=Nonhdeitazhi. Monee ane Noch ieee Sindeagdhe. Na q!ée/dats xa/da-i= Nakeduts-hadai. Na-qi/-tin tan’/né= Nakhituntunne. Naqkyina=Lakweip. Naqoa/ix=Nakoaik. Na/q’oaqt6q, Naqoartoq= Nakoaktok. Nagqo’/mgilisala, Naqgomqilis=Nakomgilisala, Na qons xa/da-i= Nakons-hadai. Nagopani=Nakhopani. Na/-qo-tea tinné= Nakhochatunne, Naqotod¢a ayadi= Nakhotodhaanyadi, Naqpaqpa=Nakhpakhpa. Naquetank= Wechquetank. Naquitoches=Natchitoch. Naquizcoza=Nacogdoche. Naragancetts, Naraganset, Naragansicks, Nara- ghenses=Narraganset. Naragooe=Norridgewock. Narakamig8=Rocameca. Narako’s= Anadarko. Naranchouak, Naranchouek, Narangawock, Na- rangawook=Norridgewock. Narankamigdok epitsik arenanbak=Abnaki. Naransett= Narraganset. Narantsoak, Narants8ak, Narantsouans, Narant- s8uk, Narantswouak=Norridgewock. Nar-a-tah=Comanche. Naratekons=Naraticon. Narautsouak, Narauwings=Norridgewock. Narcotah= Dakota. Nardichia= Kiowa Apache. Naregansets=Narraganset. Napahayaga- _Narent Chouan, Narentch8an=Norridgewock. Nar-go/-des-giz’-zen= Akonye. Narhigansets, Narhiggansetts, Narhiggon=Narra- ganset. Napi-an-ottiné= Nahane. Naricanset= Narraganset. Naricon= Naraticon. Naridgewalk, Naridgwalk—=Norridgewock. Narigansets, Narigansette, Nariganssets, Narigen- set, Nariggansets, Narighansets—Narihgansets= Narraganset. Naris=Nariz. Narises= Narices. Nar-kock-tau= Nakoaktok. Nar-ode-sé-sin= Natootzuzn. Narogansetts, Narohigansets= Narraganset. Narponset= Neponset. Narrackomagog= Rocameca. ‘ Narragancett, Narragangsett, Narraganses, Narra- gansett, Narraghansets=Narraganset. Narrahamegock, Narrakamegock= Rocameca. Narrangansett= Narraganset. Narraticongs, Narraticonse, Narratikonck=Nara- ticon, BULL. 30] Narregansets, Narrhagansitt, Narricanses=Narra- ganset. Narridgwalk, Narridgwock= Norridgewock. Narrigansets, Narrigonset=Narraganset. Nar-rit-i-congs= Naraticon. ‘Narrogansets, Narrohigansets, Narrohiggansets, Narrohiggenset, Narrohiggin, Narrohiggonsets, Narrowbiggonsets, Narrowgancett, Narrowgan- neuchs, Narrowganneucks, Narrow Ganset, Nar- rowganssits, Narrowganzet, Narrow-Higansetts, Narrow Higgansents=Narraganset. Narsak=Narsuk. Narsh-tiz-a= Pima, Zufi. Nar-wah-ro= Delaware. Narwootuck= Norwootue. Narygansetts= Narraganset. Na. Sa. (For all references beginning with either of these abbreviations, see Nuestra Sejiora. ) Na s’a’gas qa’edra= Nasagas-haidagai. Nas-ah-mah= Nasumi. Nasahossez= Nacogdoches. Nasal=Nisal. Nasamonds= Nansemond. Nasas=Nazas. ' Na s'a’yas qa’etqa= Nasagas-haidagai. Nascah, Nascars=Niska. Nascha=Neche. Nascopi, Nascopie=Nascapee. Nascotin, Nascud, Nascud Denee, Nascud Den- nies= Naskotin. Nascupi=Nascapee. Ne Senora del Socorro=Socorro del Sur. Nashaue, Nashaway, Nashawog, Nashawogg— Nashua. Nashédosh, Nashi’tosh=Natchitoch. Nashkali dinné= Mescealeros. Nashkoten= Naskotin. Nashlizhé=Zuii. Nashoba= Nashola. Nasholah=Nashobah. Nashocopawaya=Nashwaiya. Nashope= Nashobah. oe Nashouohkamuk= Nashanekam- muck. Nashoway= Nashua. Nashoweya=Nashwaiya. Nash tei’se=Pima. Nashtézhé=Zuii. Nashuakemmiuk=Nashanekammuck. Nashuays, Nashuway, Nashuyas=Nashua. Na-si-ap=Sandia. Nasitt=Nauset. Nasitti=Natchitoch. Naskantlines=Halaut. Naskapis, Naskapit=Nascapee. Naskoaten, Nas-koo-tain=Naskotin. Naskopie, Naskopis, Naskupis=Nascapee. Na-sku-tenne=Naskotin. Nas-o-mah, Nason=Nasumi. Nasone, Nasony, Nasoris, Nasoui=Nasoni. Naspapees= Nascapee. Naspatl, Naspatle, Naspatte—Chaicclesaht. Nasqa=Niska. Nasqually=Nisqualli. Nasquapees, Nasquapicks=Nascapee. Nasrad-Denee= Naskotin. Nass=Chimmesyan Family, Niska. Nassamonds=Nansemond. Nassaquakes=Nesaquake. Nassaque=Negusset. Nassauakuetoun=Nassauaketon. Nassawach= Nashua. Nassawaketon=Nassauaketon. Nasse=Chimmesyan Family. Nasshaway= Nashua. Nassitoches= Natchitoch. Nassomtes, Nassoni, Nassonians, Nassonit, Nasso- nites=Nasoni. Nas-sou= Nasumi. Nassoway= Nashua. Nastic=Nostic. Nasto’ qé’gawa-i= Nasto-kegawai. Nas-ti’-kin-me’ yinné= Nestucca. Nasuia kwe= Ute. Nasya’=Niska. Na’taa’=Comanche. Nataché=Natasi. Natacooks=Souhegan. NARREGANSETS—NATION OF THE OTTER 1099 Natafé, Natagees, Natages=Kiowa Apache. Natahauriz=Nitahauritz. Natahé’, Natahi/n=Mescaleros. Nata-hinde=Nataini. Natajees, Natajes, Natale=Kiowa Apache. Na-tal-kuz= Lathakrezla. Na-ta/"=Konglo. Na-ta/-né= Mescaleros. Natano=Hupa. Natao=Adai. Nataotin Tine=Nataotin. Na/-ta-rxi’-li-i/ yinné’= Natarghiliitunne. Nataskouan=Natashquan., Natassi=Natasi. Na-taw-tin= Nataotin. Na-tcé tiinné=Takelma. Natche= Natchez. Natcheek=Nuchek. » Natchees= Natchez. Natché-Kutchin=Natsitkutchin. Natches, Natchese= Natchez. Natchetes=Natchitoch. Natchets=Natchez. Natchidosh, Natchiloches, Natchites, Natchitoches, etua teenie Natchitotches, Natchittos=Natchi- toch. Natchon=Tulkepaia. Natchoos=Nanatsoho. Natchou=Tulkepaia. Natchw’ri-ti’ei= Nachurituci. Na’ tci-tce’= Nachiche. Natcotetains=Ntshaautin. Na-tcté- yinné=Takelma. Na-teul’-tiin, Na-tciitel’ yinné’—Natutshltun. Na-t’cu yunnée’=Natthutunne. Na-tdo’a=Nang. Nateekenskoi= Nateekin. Nate’-l’i’-ate téne’= Natarghiliitunne. Natenéhima, Nat-e-né-hin-a= Dakota. Nate-ote-tains= Nataotin. Nathannas= Nahane. Nathehwy-withinyoowuc, Nathé-wywithin-yu= Cree. Nathoso, Nathsoos=Nanatsoho. Naticks= Niantic. Natics= Natick. Natieka, Natiekinskoe=Nateekin. Natik=Natick. ry Natilantin=Natliatin. Natilivik=Netlek. Natio Euporum, Natio Luporum=Loup., Nation d’ Atironta=Arendahronons. Nation de Bois= Missisauga, Ottawa. Nation de Fourche=Nassauaketon. Nation de Iroguet=Ononchataronon. Nation de la Folle Avoine= Menominee. Nation de la Grué=Pepicokia. Nation de la Loutre=Nikikouek. Nation de la Montagne=Onondaga, Seneca. Nation de la Roche=Arendahronons. Nation de l’Isle= Kichesipirini. Nation de l’Ours=Attignawantan. Nation de Mer= Winnebago. Nation de Petum=Tionontati. Nation des Chats= Erie. Nation des Loutres= Amikwa. Nation des Monts pelez— Monts Pelés. Nation des Ours=Attignawantan. Nation des Pierres= A yoyelles. Nation des Porc epics= Kakouchaki. Nation des Sorciers= Nipissing. Nation du boeuf=Santee. Nation du Castor=Amikwa. Nation du Chat=—Erie. Nation du Chien=Cherokee, Ofogoula. Nation du Feu= Mascoutens. Nation du Grand-Rat=—Cree. Nation du petum=Tionontati. Nation du Porc-Epics=Piekouagami. Nation du Rocher= Arendahronons. Nation Neuht= Neutrals. Nation of Bread= Pascagoula. Nation of Fire=Mascoutens. Nation of Stinkers= Winnebago. Nation of the Beaver=Amikwa. Nation of the Dog=Ofogoula. Nation of the great Water= Assiniboin. Nation of the Marshes= Monsoni. Nation of the Otter=Nikikouek. 1100 Nation of the Porcupine=Kakouchaki. Nation of the Rocks=Avoyelles. Nation of the Snake=Shoshoni. Nation of the Willows=Havasupai. Nation of Tobacco=Tionontati. Natio perticarum=Conestoga. Natique= Natick. Natividad Navajoa=Navojoa. Natividad Pitiqui= Pitic. Natle=Natleh. Natleh-hwo’tenne=Natliatin. Natlé-tpa-Gottine= Kawchogottine. Natliautin, Natlo’tenne=Natliatin. Natni, Natnihina= Dakota. Na/-to=Sa. Natoonata=Nutunutu. Natorase=Natora. Natotin Tiné, Na-to-utenne=Nataotin. Na/towéwok= Nottoway. Na-to-wo-na= Dakota. N’atgélpte/tenk=Natkelptetenk. Na-t’qlo’ zinné=Natthutunne. Nat-qwin’-tce=Natkhwunche. Natrias=Nutria. Natsagana=Abnaki. Nat-sah-i= Natesa. Na‘ts-asan’/tlinyi=Pine Log. Natschitos=Natchitoch. Na-tsik-ku-chin, Natsik-kitchin=Natsitkutchin. Natsilik— Netchilirmiut. Nat-singh=Natesa. Natsitoches=Natchitoch. Neracbecks Natsohok, Natsohos, Natsoos=Nanat- soho. Natsshostanno=Natchitoch. : Néa-tsticl-ta’ tanné’/= Natsushltatunne. Natsytos=Natchitoch. Nattechez= Natchez. Nattick= Natick. Nattse-kouttchin=Tukkuthkutchin. Nattukkog=Souhegan. Natuagi=Ilroquois. Natuck= Natick. Natuesse, Natuessuag= Dakota. Natuikinsk=Nateekin. Natulaten=Notaloten. Natykinskoe, Natykinskoje= Nateekin. Nauajo, Nauajoa—Navaho. Nau-chee= Natchez. Naudacho= Anadarko. Naudawissees, Naudewessioux, Naudoessi= Dakota. Nau-do-ques= Anadarko. Naudouescioux, Naudotessi, Naudouisioux, Nau- douisses, Naudouwessies= Dakota. Naud-o-waig= Iroquois. Naud-o-wa-se-wug, Naudowasses= Dakota. Naudoways= Iroquois. Naudowesies, Naudowesse, Naudowesseeg, Naudo- wessi, Naudowessies, Naudowissies= Dakota. Naudtaughtacund= Nantaughtacund. Naudussi, Nauduwassies= Dakota. Nauéte=Nawiti. Naugdoche= Nacogdoches. Naugvik= Paugwik. Naumkeak, Naumkeck, Naumkeek, Naumkek, Naumkuk=Naumkeag. Naumskachett=Namskaket. Nauné, Na-u-ni=Comanche. Naurantsotak, Naurautsoak, Naurautsouak=Nor- ridgewock. Nausamund=Nansemond. Nauscud Dennies= Naskotin. Nauseag= Negusset. Naushawag= Nashua. Nausit, Nausites=Nauset. Na-ussins= Navasink. Nautaquake= Nanticoke. Nautaughtacunds=Nantaughtacund. Nauticokes= Nanticoke. Nau-tle-a-tin=Natliatin. Nautowaig, Nautowas, Nautoway=Iroquois. Nauvogalokhlagamute, Nauwogalokhlagamute = Nanvogaloklagak. Navadacho= Nabedache. Navago= Navaho. Navahéa=Nayojoa. Navahe, Navajai, Navajhoes, Navajo, Navajoas, Navajoes, Navajoos, Navajoses= Navaho. Navakwi=Navawi. NATION OF THE PORCUPINE—NECAIT [B. A. B. Navaoso= Navaho. Navecinx=Navasink. Navedacho= Nabedache. Navejo= Navaho. Navekwi=Navawi. Navenacho= Nabedache. Navesand, Navesinck, Navesinks= Navasink. Navést-pai= Havasupai. Navidacho= Nabedache. Navidad de Nuestra Senora=Chilili. Navidgwock= Norridgewock. Wavijoes, Navijos= Navaho. WNavisinks, Navison= Navasink. Naviti=Nabiri. Navoasos= Navaho. Navogame, Navogeri= Nabogame. Navohoua= Navojoa. Navone=Lipan. Nawadishe=Nabedache. Nawas=Nawaas. Nawathi/néha= Nawunena. Nawdowessie, Nawdowissnees= Dakota. Na-wee-tee= Nawiti. Nawes=Nawaas. Naw-moo-it=Namoit. Nawsel, Nawset, Nawsits=Nauset. Na-wuth-i-ni-han=Nawunena. Na xawa’s xa/da-i= Nahawas-hadai. Naxna/xula=Naknahula. Nayuaiy=Nakoaik. Nayack=Nyack. Nayaerita—Cora. Nayajuaca= Mayajuaca. Nayakxalcix=Nayakkhachikh. Nayantacott, Nayantakick, Nayantakoogs, Nayan- taquist, Nayantaquit, Nayantiaquct, Nayanticke, Nayanticks, Nayantiks, Nayantuk, Nayantu- quiqt, Nayantuquit= Niantic. Naya’qctaowe= Neahkstow. Nayari, Nayarita, Nayariti=Cora. Naybé, Naybi=Oraibi. Nayeck=Nyack. Nayhantick, Nayhautick— Niantic. Nayhiggonsiks= Narraganset. Nayowee=Nayuhi. Naytasses=Natasi. Na yu/ans qa’edra, Na yu’ans qa’/etqa—Nayuuns- haidagai. Naywaunaukau-raunuh= Missisauga. Nazacahoz=Natchitoch. Nazadachotzi= Nacogdoche. Nazaganset= Narraganset. Nazanne=Comanche. Nazatica= Nussamek. Nazeteoten=Ntshaautin. Nazone= Nasoni. Nazpercies= Nez Percés. Naz-te’-tci-me’ yunné=Nestachee. Naz-te’-zi= Zuni. Naz-tik’-e-me’ yinné=Nestucea. N’cai’tc, N’cal’tc=Nthaich. N’cék’p’t=Nesikeep. N’cickt= Nsisket. Ndakotahs= Dakota. Ndakun-dadéhe= Karankawa. Ndatahe’ = Mescaleros. Ndaton8atendi= Potawatomi. N’day=Apache. N. D. de Querca=Quarai. N. D. du Secour=Socorro. N’De=Apache. Ndu-tch6-ottinne= Etcheridiegottine. Ne-ah-coxie= Neacoxy. Neahkewankih= Neahkowin. Ne-ah-ko-koi= Nayakaukaue. Neahkowin=Niakewankih. Neah Waatch=Neeah. Neamitch=Dwamish. Neantick, Neanticot, Neanticutt, Neantucke=Ni- antic. Neaquiltough=Lekwiltok. Neashawanak= Newichawanoc. Né-a-ya-og’=Chippewa. Nebadache= Nabedache. Nebagindibe=Salish. Nebedache= Nabedache. Nebicerini= Nipissing. Nebome=Nevome. Necait=Niciat. BULL. 30] Necaragee, Necariages=Amikwa. Ner’c’asath=Neshasath. Necceaquake= Nesaquake. Neccope=Skopamish. Necha=Neche. Nechacohee, Nechacokee= Nechacokee. Nechao-tin=Ntshaautin. Nechas=Neche. Nechecolee= Nechacokee. Nechegansett= Pennacook. Nechegansitt= Narraganset. Nechjilli=Netchilirmiut. Ne-ci’-he-nen-a= Kiowa. Necketo, Necketoo= Kutauwa. Neck Locust= Locust Necktown. Neckpercie= Nez Percés. Necomanchee= Nickomin. Ne-com-ap-oe-lox=Spokan. Neconbavistes= Nekoubaniste. Ne-co-ni-ac, Ne Coniacks=Cooniac. Ne coon=Naikun. Necosts=Nacotchtank. Necta=Neshta. Ne-cul-ta=Lekwiltok. Neé’dan xa/da-i= Neden-hadai. Nedouessaus= Dakota. Neds-percez=Amikwa, Ottawa. Neeah=Neah. Ne-e-ar-gu-ye, Ne-e-ar-guy’-ee= Neagwaih. Nee-caw-wee-gee= Neecoweegee (band), Neecelowes, Neecelows=Neeslous. Needle Hearts=Skitswish. Ne’ekalit, Ne’ekan=Nabukak. Neekeetoo, Neeketoos=Kutauwa. Ne-e-no-il-no= Montagnais. Neepemut=Nipmuce. Neepercil= Nez Percés. Neepmucks, Neepnet=Nipmuc. Ne-er-che-ki-oo, Neerchokioo= Neerchokioon. Neersaquake= Nesaquake. Nee-wam-ish= Dwamish. Negaouich, Negaouichirinouek = Negaouichirini- ouek. Ne-ga-tcé=Chippewa. Negheariages, Neghkareage, Neghkereages=Ami- kwa. Neguadoch=Natchitoch. Neguascag, Neguaseag, Neguasseag, Neguasset= Negusset. Neguia Dinais=Ntshaautin. Nehalems, Nehalim, Nehalins= Nehalem. Nehanes, Nehanies, Nehannees=Nahane. Nehannes=Ahtena, Nahane. Nehanni=Nahane. Nehanticks= Niantic. Neharontoquoah= Oneida. Nehaunay=Nahane. Nehaunees=Athtena, Nahane, Tutchonekutchin, Nehaunees of the Chilkaht River=Takutine. Ne-haw-re-tah-go-wah= Oneida. Nehe Marthla’s Town=Neamathla. Ne-heth-a-wa, Nehethe’-wuk, Nehethowuck, Ne- hethwa=Cree. Nehiroirini= Montagnais. Nehiyaw, Nehiyawok=Cree. Nehkereages= Amik wa. Nehogatawonaher= Nehogatawonahs. Nehum-kek= Naumkeag. Neideniba, Neidenivas= Naideni. N’e/itk=Naaik. Ne-i/lem=Nehalem. Neine Katléne= A htena. Neipnett=Nipmuc. Neita=Neche. Neitchilles, Neitschillik> Netchilirmiut. Nekaa’tko= Nukaatko. Nek-’’a’/men=Nicomen. Nekaslay, Nekaslayan, Nekasly=Nikoziiautin. Ne-kat-sap=Nkattsim. Nekekowannock= Newichawanoc. Neklakapamuk, Neklakussamuk=Ntlakyapamuk. Né-kon hadé=Naikun. Nekuaiy =Cathlanahquiah. Ne-kum’-ke-lis-la=Nakomgilisala. Nekwun Kuwé=Naikun-kegawai. Nelcelchumnees= Nelcelchumnee. Neloubanistes= Nekoubaniste. Neltu’schk’-an=Nahltushkan. Né/ma=Nemah. NECARAGEE—NETSCHILLUK INNUIT 1101 Né/maLnomax= Multnomah. Nemascut, Nemasket=Namasket. Nemausin, Neme‘né=Comanche. Ne/mé-re’yka= Tonkawa. *NE/mgés=Nimkish. Ne-mil-ches=Wimilchi. Nemiseau=Comanche. NeE’/mk‘ic=Nimkish. Nemonsin, Nemosen, manche. Ne/mqic, Némqisch= Nimkish, Nemshan, Nemshaw, Nemshoos, Nemshous=Nim- sewi. Nénachtach=Tenaktak. Nenawehks, Nenawewhk, Nena Wewhok=Cree. Ne’nélk:’énodx=Nenelkyenok. Neneme‘kiwagi= Nanamakewuk. Nenénot=Nascapee. Nennortalik= Nanortalik. Nenpersaas= Nez Percés. Nenstins= Ninstints. Nentégo= Nanticoke. Nentegowi, Nentico= Nanticoke. Nenuswisowagi=Nanussussouk. Ne-o-ge-he, Neojehe= Missouri. Neosho-Senecas= Mingo. Ne-o-ta-cha= Missouri. Neotetains=Ntshaautin. Nepa=Snapa. Nepahkomuk=Nappeckamak. Nepeelium= Nespelim. Nepegigouit=Nipigiguit. Nepe’kuten=Napakutak. Nepercy=Nez Percés. Neperinks= Nipissing. Ne persa=Iowa. Nepesangs, Nepesinks, Nepessins= Nipissing. Nepgitoches=Natchitoch. Nepicerinis, Nepicinquis, Nepicirenians, Nepicirini- ens, Nepiscenicens, Nepiseriniens, Nepisin, Nepi- singuis, Nepisirini, Nepisseniniens, Nepissens, Nepisseriens, Nepisseriniens, Nepissings, Nepissin- gues, Népissiniens, Nepissiriens, Nepissiriniens— Nipissing. Nepmets, Nep mock, Nepnet=Nipmuc. Neponcett, Neponsitt=Neponset. NeEqa/umin=Nikaomin. Neragonsitt= Narraganset. Nerdlarin=Navialik. Neridgewalk, Neridgewok, Neridgiwack, Neridg- wock, Neridgwook, Nerigwok=Norridgewock. Ner-mon-sin-nan-see= Nawunena. Nerot=Noot. Ner Percees=Nez Percés. Nerridgawock, Nerridgewock=Norridgewock. Nesaquack, Nesaquak, Nesaquanke= Nesaquake. Nescope=Skopamish. Neselitch=Siletz. Neshamani, Neshaminas, Neshamines, Neshami- nies=Neshamini. Nosietcah=Nesietsha. Nes-i-kip= Nesikeep. Neskainlith=Halaut. Neskaupe=Nascapee. Nesonee= Asahani. Nespectums, Nes-pee-lum=Nespelim. Nes Perces=Nez Percés. Nespilim=Nespelim. Nespods=Chaicclesaht. Noas’qollak= Neskollek. Nesquallis, Nesqually=Nisqualli. Nessawakamighé=Saint Francis. Nessequack, Nessequauke=Nesaquake. Nestackee, Nestockies, Nestucalips, Nestucals, Nestuccas, Nestucka, Nestuckah, Nestuckers, Nestuckias=Nestucca. Nesykep=Nesikeep. Ne-ta’-ka-ski-tsi-pap’-iks= Nitakoskitsipupiks. Netches= Natchez. Netchillik= Netchilik, Netchilirmiut. Netchillik Eskimo, Netchillirmiut=Netchilirmiut. Netchiolumi, Netchiolumy=Netlek. Netcimut’asath=Nechimuasath. Netelik=Netlek, Netid!iwi=Netchilirmiut, Netlek. Netiulime, Netiulumi, Netlik—Netlek. Netschilluk Innuit=Netchilirmiut. Ne-mo-sin, Nemousin=Co- 1102 Netsepoyé=Siksika. Netsilley=Etchaottine. Net-tee-lik= Netchilirmiut. Nettinat=Nitinat. Neu-chad-lits, Neuchalits, Neuchallet=Nuchatlitz. Ne-u-cha-ta= Missouri. Neuk-sacks= Nooksak. Neukwers=Nuchwugh. Ne-u-lub-vig=Neutubvig. Neum, Ne/-uma, Né/-ume=Comanche. Neumkeage=Naumkeag. Neuses, Neus Indians=Neusiok. Neustra Senora de Belem=Belen. Ne-u-tach, Neu-ta-che= Missouri. Neuter Nation, Neuters, Neutral Nation, Neutre Nation= Neutrals. Neutrias=Nutria. Neutrios= Neutrals. Neuusiooc=Neusiok. Neuwesink=Navasink. Neu-wit-ties=Nawiti. Nevachos= Nabedache. Nevadas= Yupu. Nevadizoes= Nabedache. Nevajoes= Navaho. Neversincks, Neversinghs, Neversink, Nevesin, Nevesinck, Nevesings, Nevesinks=Navyasink. Nevichumnes= Newichumni. Nevisans= Navasink. Newashe=Nawaas. Newasol pakawai=Pakawa. Newasons= Navyasink. Newatchumne= Newichumni. Newatees=Nawiti. Newboyant=Nuvujen. Newcalenous= Wea. New Camero Town= Newcomerstown. Newchawanick= Newichawanoc. Newchowwe=Nuchawayi. New civilized band= Farmers’ band. New/-dar-cha= Missouri. Neweetee, Neweetg=Nawiti. Newesinghs, Newesink=Navasink. Newettee= Nawiti. Newgeawanacke, Newgewanacke= Newichawanoc. New Gold Harbour Village=Haena. New Gummi Lurk=Nugumiut. New-haw-teh-tah-go— Oneida. New Hernhut=Ny Herrnhut. Newi-cargut=Nowi. Newichawanick, Newichawannicke, Newichawan- nock, Newichawanocks, Newichewannock, New- ichuwenoq, Newichwanicke, Newichwannock, Newickawanacks=Newichawanoc. . Newikargut=Nowi. Newitlies, Newittees, Newitti=Nawiti. New Keowee= Keowee. New Kitzilas=Kitzilas. New Morzhovoi= Morzhovoi. New-o0/-ah= Kawaiisu. New River=Chimalakwe. New River Indians=Comeya. New Salem= Pequottink. New Sevilla=Sevilleta. Newton= Newtown. New Ulukuk=Iegtigalik. New Westminster=Skaiametl. New Yamacra= Yamacraw. New Yarcau, New-Yaucas, New-yau-cau, New Yauco, Neu-yau-kau, New York, New Youcka=Niuyaka. Nexa/di= Nehadi. Nextucas= Nestucca. Nexume/ntc=Nickomin. Neyantick= Niantic. Neyetse-kutchi, Neyetse-Kutchin, Neyetse-Kutshi= Natsitkutchin. Neyick=Nyack. Neyiskat=Nsisket. Neyuning-Eit-dia=Neiuningaitua. Ne-yu-ta-ca= Missouri. Nezierces, Nez Percé Flat-Heads=Nez Percés. Nez Perce Kayuses=Cayuse. Nez-Perces= Amikwa. Nez Percez= Amikwa, Nez Percés. Nezpercies, Nezperees, Nez Perse, Nezpesie, Ne Pierces=Nez Percés. Nez-quales, Nez qually=Nisqualli. Neztrucca, Neztucca—Nestucca, NETSEPOYE—NIKW’SI’ ’ [B. A. B, Neganudéne =Oldtown. Nhikana= Mahican. N-hla-kapm-uh=Ntlakyapamuk,. N’homi’/n= Nehowmean. N’ hothotko’/as= Huthutkawedl. Nhumeen=Nehowmean. Niabaha=Kiabaha. Ni-ack=Naaik. Ni-a-kow-kow=Nayakaukaue. Nia’/ktiqupeneke=Quelaptoulilt. Niantaquit, Niantecutt, Nianticut, Niantic. Niantilic=Niantilik. Niantique, Niantucuts=Niantic. Niaqonaujang=Niakonaujang. Nia/rhari’s-kirikiwa/shiski= Arapaho. Nia/xaqce=Neacoxy. Nibenets=Nipmuc. Nibissiriniens= Nipissing. Ni-ca-o-min=Nikaomin. Nicariages, Nicariagua=Amikwa. Nicaugna= Nacaugna. Nic-com-sin= Nkamchin. Ni/chihiné’/na= Kiowa. Nichoras=Nixora. Ni’ciatl=Seechelt. Nickariageys= Amikwa. Nick-el-palm=Ntlippaem. Ni/-ckite hitclim=Dakubetede. Nicoamen, Nicoamin= Nicomen. Nicochi= Nichochi. Nicohés= Dooesedoowe. Nicojack=Nickajack. Nicola=Nkamchin, Zoht. Nicola (Upper) =Spahamin, Nicolai’s village=Skolai. Nicola Mouth=Nkamchin. Nicomen, Nicomin=Nikaomin. Nicondiché= Nacaniche. Nicouta-meens, Nicouta-much=Ntlakyapamuk. Nicpapa= Hunkpapa. Ni/-ctu-we-yil/-stic-tin=Nishtuwekulsushtun. Nicudje= Missouri. Niculuita= Wishram. Nicute-much=Ntlakyapamuk. Nie-chum-nes= Wikchamni. Niéntkén= Brotherton. Niere’/rikwats-kiniki= Cheyenne. Nieskakh-itina=Unalaska. Nieuesinck, Nieuwesinck= Navasink, Niforas, Nifores=Nixora. Nig-a-lek= Nigaluk. Nige-tanka=Nighetanka. Nigh tan=Nightasis. Nigh tasis=Kung. Nigik= Nikikouek. Nigiklik-miout=Nigiklik. Nigoras=Nixora. Nigouaouichirinik— Negaouichiriniouek. Nihaloitih=Tlakluit. Nihantick= Niantic. Nih/-a-o-¢il’-a-is=Oohenonpa. Niharuntaquoa, Nihatiloendagowa=Oneida. Ni-he-ta-te-tup’-i-o— Kalispel. Ni/yka wakan’jayi’/=Kdhun. Nihouhins=Atka. Nijaos= Nacau. Nijor, Nijoras, Nijores, Nijotes=Nixora. ; Ni‘ka=Nekah. Nikaas=Nestucca. Ni-kai’-a=Nkya. Nika-da-ona= Nikapashna Nikas=Nestucca. Nikhak=Nikhkak. Nikhtagmut=Niktak. Nikhi-khuin=Atka. Nikic= Noquet. Nikicouek=Nikikouek. Nikie= Noquet. Nikikoues=Nikikouek. Nikolai=Skolai. Late iehag Be Nikolaief. Nikolskoje, Nikolsky=Nikolski. Nikozliantin= Nikozliautin. Nikutseg’, Nikutse’/gi=Nickajack. Ni’/kwasi= Nucassee. Nikwatse’gi= Nickajack. Nikw’si’= Nucassee, Niantigs= BULL. 30] Nilakskni maklaks=Nilakshi. Nilaque=Big-island. Nilco=Anilco. Niménim=Comanche. Nimetapal=Nimitapal. Niméte’ka=Tonkawa. Nimikh’-hin’=Atka. Nimilolo=Nimoyoyo. Ni-mi-ou-sin=Comanche. Nimipu=Nez Percés. Nimkeesh, Nimkis= Nimkish. Nimollollo=Nimoyoyo. Nimpkish=Nimkish. Nim’-shu, Nim-sirs, Nimskews, Nim-sus=Nimsewi. Nitam=Comanche. Ninantics= Niantic. Nindahe=Tidendaye. Ninimu=Ninumu. Ninniwas=Chippewa. Ninny-pask-ulgees=Ninnipaskulgee. Ninstance, Ninstence=Ninstints. Ninstints people=Gunghet-haidagai. Ninvaug=Ninvok. Niojoras= Nixora. Niouetians=Nawiti. Nipan—Lipan. Nip-a-qua-ugs=Nesaquake. Nipeceriniens= Nipissing. Nipegons= Winnebago. Nipercineans, Nipicirinien, Nipisierinij—Nipissing. Nipisiguit=Nipigiguit. Nipisings, Nipisingues, Nipisinks, Nipissing. Nipissa= A colapissa. Nipissingues, Nipissins, Nipissiriniens, Nipissiri- niooek, Nipistingues= Nipissing. Te, Nipmucks, Nipmug, Nipmuk, Nipnet, ipnett=Nipmuc. Nippegon= Winnebago. Nippsingues, Nipsang=Nipissing. Ni-q¢i’-ta"-wa., Niqdhi ta°wa"= Nikhdhitanwan. Nique=Nigas. Ni’ris-hari’s-ki/riki= Kadohadacho. Niscotins= Naskotin. Nishamines= Neshamini. Nishgar, Nishka=Niska. Nishmumta—=Tsimshian. Nishrams=Tlakluit. Nisigas Haadé=Nasagas-haidagai. Nisinckqueghacky=Nesaquake. Nis-ione= Nasoni. Nis-kah=Niska. Niskahnuith, Niskainlith—Halaut. Niskap=Skopamish. Niskwali=Nisqualli. Niskwalli=Nisqualli, Salishan Family. Nisqualies, Nisqually=Nisqualli. Nissaquague, Nissaquogue= Nesaquake. Nis-se-non=Nishinam. Nissequake, pore nena Nee aes. Nissione, Nissohone, Nissoon, Nissoone=Nasoni. Nistigione=Canastigaone. Nistoki Ampafa amim=Nestucca. Nisucap=Nesikeep. Nitahaurithz=Nitahauritz. Nitakh=Nitak. Nitches= Natchez. Nitcheta= Wichita. Nitchihi= Kiowa. Nitchik Iriniouetchs, Nitchik Iriniouetz, Nitchiks= Nitchequon. Niten aht=Nitinat. Ni-the-wuk=Cree. Nitinaht, Ni’tinath=Nitinat. Nitlakapamuk=Ntlakyapamuk. Nitlpam=Ntlippaem. Ni-to-atz=Lathakrezla. Nittanat=Nitinat. Nittauke=Natick. Nitten-aht, Nittenat, Nittinahts, Nittinat—Nitinat. Ni-udje’=Niudzhe. Niunas=Comanche. Ni-u’-t’a-tci, Ni-at’ati’= Missouri. Niuyaya=Niuyaka. Niva-ka’=Chippewa. Ni’wa¢é=Tsishuwashtake. Ni’wa2-ci/-ke=Niwanshike. Ni-wittai=Nawiti. Nixe-tanka=Nighetanka, Nipisiriniens= NILAKSKN1 MAKLAKS—NOLL-PAH-PE SNAKES 1103 Nixlu’idix= Wishram. Nixwa’xotsé= Wharhoots. Ni-yank’-ta-ke’-te te/-ne=Ataakut. Nizore=Nixora. Njith=Tukkuthkutchin. *kai/a, Nkaih=Nkya. Nkaitu’sus=Atchitchiken. N’-kam-sheen, Nkamtci’/n=Nkamzhin. Nkamtci/nEmux=Spences Bridge Band. Nkatsam, N’ka’/tzam=Nkattsim. N’kau/men=Nikaomin. N’k'lpan=Ntlippaem. N’koakoaé’tko= N koeitko. Nko’atamux=Ntlakyapamuk. Nkuaikin=Nkoikin. N’k'u’/kapenate=Nkukapenach. Nku/kimamux= Upper Thompson Indians. Nkumcheen, N’kum’tcin=Nkamchin. N-ku-tam-euh, Nkutémiyu=Ntlakyapamuk. Nuak‘a/pamux, NLak'‘apamux’o’é=Lytton Band. NLip’pa’Em=Ntlippaem. Niki/us=Ntlkius. Nnéa-gottine=Nigottine. Nné-la-gottiné, NNé-lla-Gottiné=Nellagottine. Nni-Gottiné, Nni-ottiné=Nigottine. Noaches= Yokuts. Noachis= Nasones. Noadiche=Nabedache. No-ah-ha=Towabhah. Noam-kekhl, Noam-kult=Yukian Family. Noan’-kakhl=Saia. Noapeeming=Nopeming. Noatagamutes=Noatak, Nunatogmiut. Noatches= Natchez. Nobows=Sans Arcs. Nobscussett, Nobsquasitt, Nobsquassit, Nobsqussit= Nobscusset. Noga, Noca¢ine=Notha. Nocanticks= Niantic. Nocao=Nacau. Noccocsee=Naguchee. Noces= Yanan Family. Noche= Yokuts. Noches Colteches=Kawaiisu. Noches Pagninoas=Bokninuwad. Nochi= Yokuts. Nochways=Eskimo. Nocké=Noquet. Nocodoch= Nacogdoches. No-co-me, Noconee, Noconi, Noconi Comanches, No- coo-nees= Detsanayuka. Nocotchtanke=Nacotchtank. No-cum-tzil-e-ta=Nokyuntseleta. Noddouwessces= Dakota. Nodehs= Navaho. Nod-o-waig, Nodoways=Iroquois. iw a Dl Bid Nodoweisa, Nodowessies = Da- ota. Nodswaig=Iroquois. Nodways= Eskimo. Noghelingamiut=Nogeling. Noguets=Noquet. Nohannaies, Nohannie, Nohannis=Nahane. Nohar-taney= Mandan. Noh-chamiut=Nochak. Noh’-ga= Makan. Noh’hai-é= Etagottine. Noh’hané, Noh’hanné, Nohhannies=Nahane. Nohomeen=Nehowmean. Nohoolchintna=Nohulchinta. No-ho-ro-co=Nayuharuke. Nohtalohton=Notaloten. Noh-tin-oah=Hupa. Noi Mucks=Nuimok. Noi-Sas= Yanan Family. Noisy Pawnees=Pitahauerat. Noi-Yucans=Noyuki. No-kaig, No‘ke=Noka. Nokes, Nokets=Noquet. Nokhakate, Nok-khakat=—Nok. Noklich=Nuklit. N’okoié’kEn=Nkoikin. Nokoni, No-ko-nies=Dtsanayuka. Nokonmi=Pomo. Nokrotmiut=Nokrot. Nokumktesilla=Nakomgilisala. No-kusé= Nokosalgi. No-la-si= Wolasi. | Noll-pah-pe Snakes=Walpapi, 1104 Nolongewock=Norridgewock. Noltanana, Noltnacnah, Nolt-nat-nahs, Noltonatria= Naltunnetunne. Nolumbeghe, Nolumbeka= Norumbega. Nomasényilis=Nomasenkilis. Nomee Cults= Yukian Family. Nomee Lacks, Nome-Lackees= Noamlaki. Nomenuches= Wiminuche. Nominies=Onawmanient. Nommuk=Nummuk. Non=No. Nonandom=Nonantum. Nonapeklowak=Nunapithlugak. Nonaticks= Nonotuc. Nonatum=Nonantum. No-na-um=Nauniem. Nondacao, Nondaco= Anadarko. Nondages=Onondaga. Nondaque= Anadarko. Nonoaba= Nonoava. Nonotuck=Nonotuc. Nontagués, Nontaguez= Onondaga. Notto-wa’-ka=Seneca. Nooatoka Mutes, Nooatoks=Nunatogmiut. Noobimucks=Normuk. Noochahlaht, Nooch-aht-aht, Noochahtlaht, Nooch- a ent, Nooch-artl-aht, Noochatlaht=Nuchat- itz. Noocheek=Nuchek. No-o-chi, No-o-chi-uh=Ute. Noocleet=Nuklit. Noodlook= Nudlung. Noogsoak= Nugsoak. Nooherolu= Nayuharuke. Nooh-lum-mi= Lummi. Nook-choo=Nukchu. Nooke= Nuk. Nooklulmic, Nooklulumu, Nooklummie, Nookluola- mic= Lummi. Nookmete, Nookmut, Nookmute=Nuk. Nook-saak, Nook-sac, Nooksack, Nooksahk= Nook- sak, Nool-ke-o-tin=Nulaantin. Noo-na, Noona-agamute=Nuna. Noonah=K wahari. Noonanetum, Noonatomen= Nonantum. No-6nch=Ute. Noonitagmioots=Nunatogmiut. Nooscape=Niskap. Nooscope=Skopamish. Noosdalum=Clallam. Noo-seh-chatl= Nusehtsatl. Nooselalum, Noostlalums=Clallam. Noo-taa=Noota. Noo-tah-ah= Mono. Nootanana=Naltunnetunne. Nootapareescar= Noota. Noothum, Noothummie= Lummi. Nootka=Skittagetan Family, Chimakuan Family, Chinookan Family, Salishan Family. Nootka-Columbian= Nootka, Salishan Family. Nootkahs=Salishan Family. Nootsak= Nooksak. Noowoo Mutes=Nuwukmiut. Noo-we-tee, Noo-we-ti= Nawiti. Noo-wha-ha=Towahhah. Noowoo=Nuwuk. Noowook=Nuvung, Nuwuk. Noowootsoo—Seamysty. No Parfleche= K utaisotsiman. Nopas= Unharik. Nopemen d’Achirini, Nopcmetus Anineeg, Nope- mings, Nopemin of Achirini, Nopemit Azhinne- neeg, Nopiming daje inini, No‘pimingtashineni- wag=Nopeming. Nopnat=Nipmuc. Nopochinches=Nopthrinthres. No-pone= Noponne. No’qEm=Nokem. Noquai=Noquet. Noraguas=Nixora. Norambegue= Norumbega. Norboss=Norbos. Nord otiests= Dakota. Norembega, Norembegua, bega. Noridgawock, Noridgewalk, Noridgewoc, Noridge- wock, Noridgwoag, Noridgwock=Norridgewock. Norimbegue=Norumbega. Norembegue = Norum- NOLONGEW OCK—NOYA-KAKAT [B. A. E. Normok=Normuk. Norragansett= Narraganset. Norredgewock= Norridgewock. Nor-rel-mok= Normuk. Norridegwock, Norridgawock, Norridgewalk, Nor- ridgowock, Norridgwsak, Norridgwocks, Norridg- wog, Norridgwogg, Norrigawake, Norrigewack, Norrigewock, Norrigwock, Norrijwok, Norriwook, Norrywok=Norridgewock. Nortenos= Piro. Northampton Indians=Nonotuc. North Bend=Kapachichin. North Dale Indians= Klikitat. Northern=Chimmesyan, Esquimauan, Koluschan, Skittagetan Family. Northern Apaches=Jicarilla. Northern Arapaho= Nakasinena. Northern Brule= K heyatawichasha. Northern Crees=Sakawithiniwuk. Northerners=Khwakhamaiu, Tahagmiut. Northern Indians= Etheneldeli. Northern People= Northern Assiniboin. Northern Pimas= Pima. Northern Uttawawa=Cree. North River=Chuckchuqualk. North Susseeton=Kahra. North Thompson=Chuchchuqualk. North Yanktons=Upper Yanktonai. Norumbegua, Norumbegue= Norumbega. Norwidgewalks=Norridgewock. a Norwottock, Norwuthick=Norwoo- ue. Nosa, Noser, N6-si= Yanan Family. Nossonis= Nasoni. Nostlalaim=Clallam. Nota=Notha. Nota-4=Ute. No/adine ‘= Notha. Notaglita=Notaloten. N’ota-osh, No-taw=Comanche. Notawasepe, Notawassippi= Natowasepe. Notch=Ute. Notchee, Notches= Natchez. Notchitoches=Natchitoch. Notinnonchioni=Iroquois. Notketz=Noquet. Notley=Natuhli. No-toan’-ai-ti= Nutunutu. Notomidoola=Notomidual. Notonatos, No-ton-no-tos, No-to-no-tos, No-ton-toos, Notoowthas, Notototens=Nutunutu. Notowegee= Nottoway. No-tow-too= Nutunutu. Notre Dame de Betsiamits=Bersiamite. Notre Dame de Ganentaa=Gannentaha. Nottawagees= Iroquois, Seneca. Nottawa Sape, Nottawasippi= Natowasepe. Nottawayes= Nottoway. Nottawegas= Iroquois. Notta-we-sipa= Natowasepe. Nottawessie= Dakota. Nottely town=Natuhli. Notteweges=Iroquois. Nottoweasses= Dakota. Nouadiche= Nabedache. Nouga=Kawchodinne. Nouidiche= Nabedache. Nouitlies=Nawiti. Noukek= Noquet. Noulato=Nulato. Noumpolis=Numpali. Nouquet=Noquet. Nousaghauset= Narraganset. Noutka= Nootka. Novadiche=Nabedache. Novajos= Navaho. Nove Ulukuk=Iegtigalik. Novisans= Navasink. Novokhtolahamiut= Novoktolak. Novola= Anouala. Nov-seh-chatl=Nusehtsatl. Nowamish=Dwamish. No-wha-ah=Towabhah. Nowikakat=Nowi. Nowodaga=Nowadaga. Nowonthewog=Norwootuc. Nowyawger=Niuyaka. No’-xunts’itx= Nohuntsitk. Noya-kakat=Nowil. BULL, 30] Noyatagameuts=Nunatogmiut. Noyers=Ousagoucoulas, Noyoee, Noyohee=Nayuhi. Noyokakat=Nowi. Noza, Nozes, No-zi= Yanan Family. Nozones= Nasoni. N’pEk’/tem=Npiktim. N’pochele, N’poch-le, N’pockle=Sanpoil. Npuitci’/n=Npuichin. Nqa‘ia=Nkya. Ngakin=Nkoikin. Ngqa’ktko=Nkaktko. Ngqau’min=Nikaomin. Nqoe’itko—Nkoeitko. Ngoi’kin=N koikin. N’qua-cha-mish=Nukwatsamish. Nquakin=Nkoikin. N Pee me mel N’ Quentlmaymish= K weht]ma- mish. Nquipos=Niquipos. N’quutl-ma-mish=K wehtlmamish. Nra del Socorro=Socorro del Sur. N.S. See Nuestra Senora. Nsekats=Clackama, Nsr’qip=Nesikeep. Nsietshawas, Nsietshawus, Nsirtshaus= Tillamook. Nsqa’qaultEn= Nskakaulten. N’squalli=Nisqualli. Ns tiwat=Clackama. Ntaauo-tin=Nataotin. N’tai/kum= Ntekem. N'ta’/-ko=Nkaktko. Ntcé’kus=Nehekus. Ntcéqtceqkékinnk, Ntcé’qtckeqqokenk= Nchekchek- kokenk. Nté’qem=Ntekem. N’tlaka’/pamugq, N-tla-ka-pe-mooh, Ntlakya’pamuq= Ntlakyapamuk. NtsaLa’/tko=Ntstlatko. ‘ Ntshaantin=Ntshaautin. Ntil-mtce’-ci= Mulluk. Nuaka’hn= Missisauga. Nubenaigooching= Nopeming. Nucaki= Kisakobi. Nucasse= Nucassee. Nucekaa yi= Nushekaayi. Nuchalkmy=Nuhalk. Nuch-a-wan-acks= Newichawanoc. Nuchawayi= Yaudanchi. Nuchig’/mut=Nuchek. Nuchimases=Newchemass. Nu-chow-we=Nuchaway. Nuchusk=Nuchek. Nuckasee= Nucassee. Nucleet=Nuklit. Nuclucayette, Nuclukayette=Nuklukayet. Nuestra de Senora de los Remedios de Galisteo= Galisteo, Nuestra Senora de Belem, Nuestra Senora de Belen= Belen. N{uestra] S[enora] de Guadalupe, N. S. de Guad- alupe de Alburquerque de los Nacogdoches, N. S. de Guadalupe de los Nacodoches, N. S. de Guad- alupe de Nacodoches=Nuestra Senora de Guad- alupe de los Nacogdoches. Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe de los Mansos del Paso del Norte, Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe del Paso del Rio del Norte, Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe del Passo= E] Paso. Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe de Pojuaque=Pojoa- que. Mncatrs Senora de Guadalupe de Teuricatzi=Teuri- cachi. Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe de Voragios=Taraichi. Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe de Zum, N[uestra] S[enora] de Guadalupe de Zuni= Zuni. Nuestra Senora de Guadelupe del Sur—Nuestra Sefiora de Guadalupe. N{uestra] S[enora] de la Assunscion de Zia, N. §. de ta Asumpscion de Zia=Sia. Nuestra Senora de la Asuncion Arizpe= Arizpe. Nuestra Senora de la Belen= Belen. Nuestra Senora de la Soledad=Soledad. Nuestra Senora de Loreto de Voragios= Loreto. Nuestra Senora de los Angeas de Pecos, N[uestra] Senora] de los Angeles de Pecos, Nuestra Senora de los Angeles de Porciincula, N.S. de los An- geles de Tecos= Pecos. 3456—Bull. 30, pt 2—07——70 NOYATAGAMEUTS—NUNDAWAS 1105 Nuestra Senora de los Dolores= Dolores. Nuestra Senora de los Dolores del Saric=Saric. Nuestra Senora de los Dolores de Sandia=Sandia. Nuestra Senora de los Remedios= Remedios. Nuestra Senora de los Remedios de Beramitzi— Bana- mitzi. Nuestra Senora del Pilar de Nacogdoches=Nacog- doches. Nuestra Senora del Socorro=Socorro, Socorro del Sur. Nuestra Senora de Pecos, Nuestra Senora de Porti- uncula de los Angeles de Pecos= Pecos. Nuestra Senora Guadalupe de Zuni=Zuii. Nuestra Sonora de Monserrate=Nonoava. Nuestro Padre San Francisco de los Tejas=San Fran- cisco de los Tejas (or Neches). Nueua Granada, Nueva Granada= Hawikuh. Nueva Sevilla=Sevilleta. Nuey-kech-emk= Niueuomokai. Nugh-Kwetle-babish= Kwehtlmamish. Nugh-lemmy= Lummi. Nugh-sahk= Nooksak. Nugumeute= Nugumiut. Nugumut=Nuwukmiut. Nuhiyup=Tulalip. Nuh-lum-mi= Lummi. Nw‘ik‘=Nuiku. Nu/ixtac= Niukhtash. Nuk'‘a’aqmats= Nukaakmats. Nukaa’tqo= Nukaatko. Nukamok=Unisak. Nukan=Nuokan. Nukatse’gi= Nickajack. Nukeza= Nucassee. Nukfalalgi, Nukfila=Timucua. Noa/kuHits=Nukits. Nukh-lésh= Lummi. Nuk-h6otsi=Timucua. Nu-klac-i-yat, Nuklakyet=Nuklukayet. Nukluag-miout=Nukluak. Nukluhyet, Nuklukahyet, Nuklukaiet, Nuklukye- to=Nuklukayet. Nuksahk= Nooksak. Nnktisém= Dakota. Nu-kuints’, Nu-kwints= Unkapanukuints. Nuk wul tuh=Nakoaktok. Nulaantins=Nulaautin. Nulahtuk=Nulatok. Nulakhtolagamute=Nuloktolok,. Nula’to-kho-tan’/a=Nulato. NuLié‘ix=Nutltleik. Nult-nort-nas, Nul-to-nat-na, Nultonat’-tene=Nal- tunnetunne. Nulukhtulogumut=Nuloktolok. Numa=Comanche, Nama, Paiute. Numa= Nama. Nimabin, Numa-bin=Namabin. Nu-mah-ka/-kee=Sipushkanumanke, Numakaki, Numakshi= Mandan. Nu-mal-tachee=Numaltachi. Numanas= Pueblo de los Jumanos. Numangkake= Mandan. Num-a quag-um=Namakagon. Nimawisowugi=Namawesouk, Namasissouk. Num-ee-muss= Hupa. Numepo, Numepoes, Nu-me-poos= Nez Percés. Numi=Nambe. Numipu= Nez Percés. Num-kés= Nimkish. Numleki= Noamlaki. Nummastaquyt=Namasket. Nummok=Nummuk. Numpang=Nunnepoag. Nim-tainin=Num. Nunachanaghamiut, Ninachara gamut, Nunaeho- gumut=Nunochok. Nunaikagumute=Nunaikak. Nunakachwak= Karluk. Nunakhtagamute=Nunaktak. Nunalik=Nuniliak. Nuna-mish=Dwamish. Nunatagmut, Nuna-tangmé-un, Nunatogmiut. Nunatochsoak= Nunatarsuak. Nunato’gmut, Nuna-tung-méin=Nunatogmiut. Nun-da-wa/-o-no’, Nundawaronoh=Seneca. | Nundawas=Nundawao. Nunatanmiun= 1106 Nin/dawe’gi—Seneca. Nun/daye'li=Nantahala. Nundowaga=Seneca. Nu’nEmasEgq4lis=Nunemasekalis. Nunivagmut, Nunivagmute, Nunivak people=Nun- ivagmiut. Nunjagmjut, Nunochogamute=Nunamiut. Nunseys= Munsee. Nuntaly=Nuntaneuck. Nuntewa, Nuntewes= Iroquois. Nuntialla=Nantahala. Nunyt’/-gunwani’ski=Talking Rock. Nuo Yaucau=Niuyaka. Nuptadi=Ruptari. Nuqa’axmats=Nukaakmats. Nugqa’lkH, Nuga/IkmH=Nuhalk. Nuge=Nukhe. Nugiage=Nuquiage. Nuqtu=Dakota. Nuqueno= Nootka. Nu’-q’wit-teu/-tin=Nukhwuchutun, Nures=Nuri. Nurhantsuaks=Norridgewock. Nuscheé-kaari= Nushekaayi. Nuschké-tan= Wushketan. Nusconcus, Nuscoucus= Muscongus. Nusdalum=Clallam. Nushagagmut=Nushagagmiut. Nushalt,agakni=Nushaltkagakni. Nushegagmut= Nushagagmiut. Nushegak=Nushagak. Nushergagmutes= Nushagagmiut. Nusiok=Neusiok. Nuskarawaoks=Cuscarawaoc. Nusk’’E/lstemH=Nuskelst. Nu-sklaim, Nus-klai’/-yum=C'allam. Nuskoncus, Nuskoucus= Muscongus, Nu-so-lupsh=Cowlitz, Kwaiailk, Nusq!r/Ist=Nuskelst. Nuss-ka=Niska. Nustoc=Neusiok. Nusxeé’q!=Nuskek. Nuta= Yaudanchi. Nutaa= Mono. Nu-tca-’tenne=Ntshaautin. Nutca’tlath= Nuchatlitz. Nut-chu’/=Nuchu. Nu’-tcu-ma/-tin yin/né= K thutetmetseetuttun, Nu- chumatuntunne. Nut-él—Sotstl. Nut-ha= Mono. Nutue/intskonée=Tkeiktskune. Nuthesum= Mutsun. Nutka= Nootka. Nu’tl’£/1=Sotstl. Nutltle’iq—Nutltleik. Nutonetoos=Nutunutu. Nuts= Ute. Nutschek=Nuchek. Nutuntu=Nutunutu. Nuvuk, Nuvukdjuaqdjug=Nuvung. Nuweta=Mandan. Nuwichawanick= Newichawanoc. Nu-witti= Nawiti. Niwidkmut, Nuwung, Nuwinmiun=Nuwukmiut. Nuxa’lk:!=Nuhalk. Nuxe=Nukhe. Nuyitsom, = Nukitsomk. Nuyu’/hi= Nayuhi. Nvrvmbega= Norumbega. N-wa-ih=Nkaih. Nwa’/-ka=Ontwaganha. N’ Wamish= Dwamish. Nwasabé= Navaho. Nx’omi’n= Nehowmean. Nytusum= Dakota. Nyakai=Nkya. Nyantecets, Nyantecutt, Nyanticke=Niantic. Nyavapai, ’Nyavi Pais= Yavapai. Nyeck=Nyack,. Nygykligmjut—Nigiklik. Nyhantick= Niantic. Nyiskat=Nsisket. Nypagudy=Nipaguay. Nypissings, Nypsins= Nipissing. Nyu‘-sa-ru/-kan= Nursoorooka. Nzis-kat, Nzyshat=Nsisket. NUN’/DAWE’GI—OCHESOS [B. A. E. Oabano=—Ouabano. Oaboponoma= Hoabonoma. Oacpuaguigua=Saric. Oadauwaus=Ottawa. Oajuenches=Cajuenche. Oaka Loosa=Okalusa. Oakanagans=Okinagan. Oakbusky=Oaktuskee. Oakchog, Oakchoie=—Okchayi. Oakchoieooche=Okchayudshi. Oakchoys=Okchayi. Oakfuskies, Oakfusky=Oakfuskee. Oakgees=Okchayi. Oakinackene, Oakinagan=Okinagan. Oakiuskees=Oakfuskee. a Saran 8 ba Oaklafalaya=Oklafalaya Oak-li-sarcy=Uktahasasi. Oakmulge, Oakmulgee old fields, Oakmulgee old towns, Oakmulge fields, Oakmulges, Oakmulgis, Oakmulgo=Ocmulgee. Oak-pa-pas= Hunkpapa. Oakpuskee=Oaktfuskee. Oak-tar-sar-say, Oak Tarsarsey=Uktahasasi. Oaktashippas=Octashepas. Oaktaw sarseg=Uktahasasi. Oaktchoie=Okchayi. Oanancock=Onancock. Oanoska=Ohanhanska. O'aquima= Kiakima. Oate-lash-schute=Ootlashoot. Oathkaqua=Onathaqua. 0a-tish-tye=San Felipe. Oat-la-shoot, Oat-lash-shoots, Oat-lash-shute=Oot- lashoot. Oatsees= Yazoo. Qbekaws=Abihka. 0-bén-aki, Obenaquiouoit= Abnaki. Obidgewong=Chippewa. Obika= A bihka. Obiki= Walpi. Obinacks= A bnaki. Objibways=Chippewa. Obunegos= A bnaki. 0-bwah-nug= Dakota. Ocages= Osage. Ocahumpky=Okehumpkee. Oca 'amigawininlweg-Oschek kere ae wak. Ocala, Ocale, Ocali=Olagale. Ocameches=Occaneechi. Ocanes=Lipan. Ocansa, Ocapa=Quapaw. Occaanechy=Occaneechi. Occahanock= Accohanoc. Occaneches, Occaneeches= Occaneechi. Occha, Occhoy=Okchayi. Occone=Oconee. Occoneachey=Occaneechi. Occouys= Oconee. Occuca=Ocuca. Oceti Sakowin = Dakota. Oc-fus-coo-che=Oakfuskudshi. Oc-fus-kee=Oakfuskee. Ocha= Hoko. Ochahannanke= Accohanoc. Ochanahoen=Ocanahowan. Ochangras= Winnebago. Ochasteguin, Ochatagin, Ochataiguin, Ochategin, Ochateguin, Ochatequins= Huron. 0-ché= Odshisalgi. O-che-au-po-fau, Ochebofa—Talasse. Ochecames, Ochecamnes= Yachikamni. Ochecholes=Ochechote. Ocheeaupofau=Talasse. Ochees= Yuchi. Ocheeses=Ocheses. Ochekamnes= Yachikamni Ochekhamni=Okechumne. Ochelaga= Hochelaga. Ochelay= Hochelayi. Ochenang=Chenango, Shenango. Ochente Shakoan, Ochente Shakons= Dakota, Seven Council Fires. Ocheobofau=Talasse. Qcheo’s band=Tuziyammos. O’chepé’wag=Chippewa. Cchesees= Lower Creeks, Ocheese. Ochesos=Ocheese. —~ BULL. 30] Ochessigiriniooek, Ochessigiriniouek, Ochestgooetch, Ochestgouetch, Ochestigouecks=Oukesestigouek. Ocheti Shaowni= Dakota. O-che-ub-e-fau, Ocheubofau=Talasse. Ochi=San Juan. Ochiakenens, Ochiatagonga—Shawnee. Ochiatenens= Wea. Ochie ‘tari-ronnon=Cherokee. Ochile= Axille. Ochinakein=Okinagan. Ochineeches=Occaneechi. O-ching-i-ta= Uchiyingich. Ochipawa, Ochipewa, Ochipoy, Chippewa. Ochivitas= Wichita. Ochlewahaw=Oclawaha. Ocho= Hoko. Ochocumnes= Yachikamni. Ochquaqua, Ochtaghquanawicroones, Ochtayhqua- nawicroons=Oquaga. 0-chuce-ulga=Ochisialgi. Q0-chunga-raw, Ochunkgraw, 0O-chunk-o-raw=Win- nebago. Ochus= Achusi. Ocita=Ucita. Ocka=Okchayi. Ock-co-witth= Wishosk. Ockfuskee= Oakfuskee. Ockha, Ockhoys=Okchayi. Ockinagees=Occaneechi. Ocki Pah-Utes, Ocki-Pi-Utes=Agaihtikara. Ockiwere=Chiwere. Ockmulgo—Ocmulgee. Oc-la-wa-haw, Oc-le-wau-hau-thluc-co=Oclawaha. Ocoina=Bovoyna. Ocon, Oconas, Oconery’s, Ocones, Oconis, Oconnee= Oconee. Ocosaus=Arkokisa. Ocpack=Okpaak. Ocquagas=Oquaga. Ocsachees=Osotchi. Octaaros= Winnebago. Octageron=Ostogeron. Octagouche= Restigouche. Octagros= Winnebago. Octata—Oto. Octchagras= Winnebago. Octguanes= Yuma. Octi=Agaihtikara. Octibea= Yazoo. Octiyokny=Okitiyakni. Octoctatas— Oto. Oct ists= Ottawa. Octolacto, Octolatas—Oto. Octonagon Band=Ontonagon. aha Octotales, Octotas, Octotata, Octotota— to. Ocumlgi=Ocmulgee. 0-cun-cha-ta= Kanchati. Ocunnolufte=Oconaluftee. Ocus=Achusi. Odagami, Odagumaig—= Foxes. Odahwah, Odahwaug=Ottawa. Odakeo=Odukeo’s band. 6dami=Tepehuane. Odawas=Ottawa. Odchipewa=Chippewa. O-de-eilah, Ode-i-lah= Kikatsik. Odgavigamut=Ugovik. Odgiboweke=Chippewa. Odiak—=Eyak. Q-dish-guag-um-eeg, Odishkwagami, Odishkwa-Ga- mig, O-dish-quag-um-eeg, O-dish-quag-um-ees, Odishquahgumme= Nipissing. . Odistastagheks— Mascoutens. Odjibewais, Od-jib-wag, Odjibwas, Odjibwe, Odjibwek= hippewa. Odji’ wage —Gewauga. Odshi-apofa=Talasse. Odsinachies=Osotchi. O-dug-am-eeg, Odugamies, 0-dug-aumeeg= Foxes. O’éalitq, Oealitx—Oealitk. Oekfusaet=Oakfuskee. 0é’Litz=Oetlitk. G@nné= Eskimo. Oenock= Eno. Oenrio—Ouenrio. Oenronronnons= Wenrohronon Oetbatons= Wahpeton. Ochippewais = OCHESSIGIRINIOOEK—OLOG8EN 1107 Oe’tlitq=Oetlitk. €tsenhwotenne=Natliatin. 0-e’-tun’-i-o—Crows. Oeyendehit= Neodakheat. Ofagoulas, Ofegaulas, Offagoulas, Ofegoulas, Offo- goula, Ofugulas=Ofogoula. Ogablallas=Oglala. Ogahrit-tis= Miskut. Ogalalab Yokpahs, Ogalala Dacotas, O-ga-la’-las, Ogalallahs, Ogalallas, O’Galla, Ogallah, Ogallala, Ogallalahs, Ogallalla, Ogallallah, Ogallallas, Ogallallees=Oglala. 0O-ga-pa—Quapaw. Oga P’Hoge, Og-a-p’o-ge= Kuapooge. Ogavimamute=Ugovik. O-ge-chee, Ogechi, Ogeeche— Ogeechee. Ogeelala—Oglala. Ogeetches= Ogeechee. Ogehage—Conestoga. Ogellahs, Ogellalah, Ogellalas=Oglala. Oghguagees, Oghguago, Oghkawaga, Oghkwagas, Oghquaga, Oghquago, Oghquajas, Oghquuges= Oquaga. Oghrekyonny=Ohrekionni. Ogibois—Chivpewa. Ogillallah—Oglala. Og-la/-la=Oglalaichichagha, Oglala-h¢a= Oglala. Oglala-icicaga,Oglala-ite’itcaxa=Oglalaichichagha Oglala-qtca=—Iteshicha. Oglallah=Oglala. Oglemut, Oglemutes=Aglemiut. Ognitoa—Oquitoa. Ogoh pe=Quapaw. Ogoize= Bannock. Ogolawla=Oglala. Ogoleegees= Kailaidshi. Ogolegees= Hogologes. Ogowinagak, Ogowinanagak= Kvinkak. Ogsadago—Teatonaloga. Oguahpah, O-guah-pas, Oguapas=Quapaw. Ogue Loussas=Opelousa. O’Gullalas=Oglala. Og’/tlmut—Aglemiut. Ohah-hans-hah, O-hah-kas-ka-toh-y-an-te = Ohan- hanska. Ohamiel, Ohamille=Ohamil. Ohanapa=Oohenonpa. Ohanock=Ohanoak. Ohantonwanna= Yanktonai. Ohavas=Onavas. Ohdada=Oglala. 0-he-nompa=Ohenonpa. Ohenonpa Dakotas, Ohenonpas=Oohenonpa. Ohete-yoe-on-noe=Okitiyakni. Ohey-aht=Oiaht. Ohguago=—Oquaga. Oh-hagamiut=Oknagak. Ohhisheu=Owaiski. Ohiat=Oiaht. Ohikkasaw=Chickasaw. Ohke=San Juan. Ohk to inna=Oqtogona. Ohlones=Olhon. Oh-nah=Ona. Ohnowalagantles=Onoalagona, Schenectady. Oho-homo= Dakota. Ohonoagesu, Ohonoguaga, Ohonoquaugo=Oquaga. Ohotoma= Pima. Oh-pah=Opa. Ohquaga—=Oquaga. Ohquage—Osguage. Ohque=San Juan. Ohsarakas=Saratoga. Ohshahch=Oshach. Ohuaqui, Ohuqui= Pojoaque. Ohyaht, Ohyat=Oiaht. Oiatenon, Oiatinon= Wea. Oiatuch=Oiaht. Oi-cle-la— Waitlas. Oigoien—Goiogouen. Oil Spring=Tecarnohs. Oiogoen=Goiogouen. Oiogoen, Oiogoenhronnons=Cayuga. Oiogoien, Oiogouan—Goiogouen. Oiogouan, Oiogouanronnon=Cayuga. Oiogouen=Cayuga, Goiogouen. Oiogouenronnon=Cayuga. Oiog8en—Goiogouen. 1108 Oiogouin=Cayuga, Goiogouen. Oioguen, Oiogwen=—Goiogouen. Oiougovenes=Cayuga, Goiogouen. Oi-ra-uash=Querechos. Oitapars=Oapars. Oiudachenaton=Oughetgeodatons. Oiyotl=Ayotl. : Oiyurpe=Oyukhpe. Ojachtanichroenee= Wea. Ojadagochroehne=Catawba. Ojadagochroene=Cherokee. O-jang-ge P’ho-quing-ge=Shipapulima. Ojatinons= Wea, O-je-bway, Ojeebois, Ojibaway, Ojibbewaig, Ojibbe- ways, Ojibboai, Ojibeways, Ojibois, Ojibua, Ojibwa, Q-jib-wage, Ojibwaig, O-jib-wa-rek, Ojibwas, Ojib- ways, Ojibway-ugs, Ojibwe=Chippewa. Oji Caliente=Aguas Calientes, Warm Spring Apache. 0j-ke=San Juan. Ojo Benado= Pitchaya. Ojo Caliente=Aguas Calientes, Hawikuh, Kiapk- wainakwin. Ojo Caliente Apaches= Warm Spring Apache. Ojo de Pescado= Pescado. Ojogouen=Goiogouen. Ojongoveres—Cayuga. Ojo Percado, Ojo Pescado, Ojo Pesoado= Pescado. 0-jo-que=San Ildefonso. Ojos Calientes=Kiapkwainakwin, Ojo Caliente. 0j-po-re-ge= Abechiu. 0j-qué=San Juan. Ojuaque= Pojoaque. Oka alhtakala, Oka-altakkala, Oka-attakkala—Oka- altakala, Okadada=Oglala. O kaga-wicasa=Okaghawichasha. Okahno= Honsading. Oka Hoola, Oka Hoolah=Okahullo. Okahumky=Okehumpkee. Oka Loosa=Okalusa. Oka Lopassa=Oka Kapassa. Okames, Okams=Kansa. Okanagam=Okinagan. Okanagan=Nkamaplix, Okinagan. Okanagon, O-kan-a-kan, Okanakanes, Okanaken= Okinagan. Okanandans, O-kan-dan-das=Oglala. O’Kanies-Kanies=Okinagan. Okanis=Kansa. Oka-no= Honsading. Oka talaia, Okatallia—Okatalaya. Oka-tiokinans=Okitiyakni. Okatlituk=Oetlitk. Okaxa-witcaca=Okaghawichasha. Ok-chai, Okchoys=Okchayi. Ok-chin’wa=Oktchunualgi. Okdada= Oglala. Oke-choy-atte= Alibamu, Okchayi. Okecoussa=Okalusa. Okee-og-mut, Okeeogmutes=Okiogmiut. Oke-ho= Hoko. Oke Lousa, O0ké loussa=Okalusa. Okenaganes, Okenakanes=Okinagan. Okenechee=Occaneechi. Okeno= Hoko. Oke-noke, Okenope= Honsading. Okesez=Ocheses. Oketayocenne, Okete Yocanne, O-ke-teyoc-en-ne= Okitiyakni. Okfuski=Oakfuskee. Okfusku’dshi=Oakfuskudshi. Okhaganak=Okiogmiut. Okha Hullo=Okahullo. Okhata Talaia—Okhatatalaya. Okhogamute=Oknagak. Okiakanes, Okinaganes, Okinahane, Okinakain, Oki- nakan, Okinakane, Okina’k’éen, Okinekane, Okin-e- Kanes, O-kin-i-kaines, Okinokans, 0-ki-wah-kine= Okinagan. Ok-kak=Okak. Okkiadliving= Ukiadliving. Okkiosorbik=Okiosorbik. Okkokonimesit=Okommakamesit. Okkowish= Agawesh. Oklahaneli, Okla-humali=Oklahannali. Oklevuaha, Oklewaha=Oclawaha. Okmulge, Okmulgee, Okmulgi= Ocmulgee. Oknagamut, Oknagamute=Oknagak. OIOGOUIN—OMAHANES [B. A. E. Oknaka=Oglala. Oknanagans=Okinagan. Oknavigamut=Uknavik. Okoelaihoelahta=Watakihulata. Okohoys=Okohayi. O’kok=Okak. Okonagan, Okonagon=Okinagan. Okonee= Oconee. Okonegan=Okinagan. Okoénhomessit=Okommakamesit. Okéni= Oconee. Okoro= Arikara. Ok6tsali=Ocota. Okpiktalik, Okpiktolik=Opiktulik. Oksak talaya=Osuktalaya. Okshee= Klamath. Oktchayi=Okchayi. ~ Oktchayu’dshi=Okchayudshi. Oktibbeha= Yazoo. Okuaho=Toryohne. Okuvagamute=Okivogmiut. Oku-wa/-ri=Sia. Okuwa-tdéa, Okuwa-towa—Okuwa. Okwhiske=Oakfuskee. s Olacatano=Olagatano. Olacnayake=Oclackonayahe. 0O’-lah-ment/-ko=Olamentke, Olalla=Oraibi. Olanches= Yaudanchi. Olashes=Ola. Olasse= A tasi. Olata Ouae Utina=Utina. Olchone=Olhon. Old Castle=Canadasaga. Old Chilili=Chilili. Old Colony Indians= Mashpee. Old Cusetaw=Kasihta. Old Estatoee= Estatoee. Old Field=Gatagetegauning. Old Fort Hamilton=Nunapithlugak. Old Gauché’s gens= Watopachnato. Old Harbor=Nunamiut. Old Indian Village= White-eyes Town. Old Matacombe=Guarungunve. Old Merrawnaytown=Chatoksofke. Oldnass=Niska. Old Oneida=Ganowarohare. Old Osonee=Osonee. i Old Peach Orchard Town=Pakan-Tallahassee. Old Shawnesse Village=Shawneetown. Old Showonese Town=Chartierstown. Old Suwanee town, Old Suwany Town=Suwanee. Old Tal-e-see=Talasse. Old Town=Outaunink. Old Town, Old Town Village=White-eyes Town. Old Tuni= Heshota Ayathltona. I Old Yazoo Village= Yazoo. Old Zuni= Heshota Ayathltona. Oleachshoot= Ootlashoot. Oleepas=Ololopa. Olelachshoot=Ootlashoot. Olelato—Olulato. Olgatano—Olagatano. Olhones=Olhon. Olibahali=Ullibahali. Olibahalies=Alibamu, Ullibahali. Olilefeleia=Oklafalaya. Olinacks= A bnaki. 0-lip-as, O-lip-pas=Ololopa. Olitifar=Littefutchi. Oljon=Olhon. 0l/-la=Ola. Olla-jocue= Aiyahokwe. Ollemon Indians=Olamon. Olle-pot’l=Tsewenalding. Olleppauh’1-kah-teht’1= Medilding. Ollo’s= Oto. Olocatano=Olagatano. Ololopai=Ololopa. Olomanosheebo= Romaine. Olompalis=Olumpali. 0l-0’-wi-dok, 01l’-o-wit, 01l-o-wi’/-ya=Olowitok. 01/-po-sel=Olbosel. Olwere=Chiwere. Olwiya=Olowitok. Oma-a=Omowuh. Omackasiwag=Omushkasug. Omaha heaka, Omahahs=Omaha. Omahanes=Okinagan. BULL, 30] Omahaws, Omahuas=Omaha. Omail=Ohamil. Omaka, oer mabe. Omameeg= Miami. 0-man-ee=Mdewakanton. O-man’-ha, O-mayn-ha-lica=Omaha. Omanisé=Ommunise. O’manits’énéx=Omanitsenok. Omanomineu, Omanomini= Menominee. Omans, Omaonhaon=Omaha. Omaschkasé Wenenewak=Wazhush. Omashkekok= Maskegon. Omatchamne= Machemni. Omate’s= Onondaga. Omato= Huma. 0’-mau=Okuwa, Omowuh Omau’/-hau=Omaha. 0-maum-ee= Mdewakanton. ' O-maum-eeg= Miami. Omawhaw, Omawhawes=Omaha. Omawuu=Omowuh. Omeaoffe, Omeaosse, Omeaotes=Omenaosse, Omee Towns= Maumee Towns. Omenak=Umana. O’mené= Nootka. Omi=Ahome. Omianicks, Omie= Miami. Omikoues=Amikwa. Omissis—Onmisis. Omitaqua=Omitiaqua. Omkwa= Umpqua. Ommas= Huma. Omochumnies= Machemni. Omoloa= Homolua. Omouhoa, Onowhows=Omaha. Ompaam= Patuxet. Omuhaw=Omaha. 0-mun-o-min-eeg= Menominee. Omush-kas, 0-mush-kas-ug=Wazhush. Omush-ke-goag, Omushkegoes— Maskegon. Omutchamne, Omutchumnes=Machemni Onabas=Onavas. Onachaquara=Anacharaqua. Onachas= Washa. Onachee=Onnahee. Onachita= Wichita. Onadago— Onondaga. Onadahkos, Onadaicas, Onadakoes= Anadarko, Onaghee=Onnahee. ie Onagonque, Onagunga, Onagungees— Abnaki. Onahe, Onahee, Onahie=Onnahee. Onancoke=Onancock. Onandaga, Onandages, Onandagos, Onandgo, Onando- gas=Onondaga. Onankok= 9Onancock. Onantagues= Onondaga. Onaouientagos= Weendigo. Onapien, Onapienes=Onapiem. Onaucoke=Onancock. Onaumanients=Onawmanient. Onawaraghhare—Ganowarohare, Oneida (vil.). Oncapapas= Hunkpapa. Onchechaug= Patchoag. Onch-pa-pah= Hunkpapa. Oncidas=Oneida. Onckeway=Uncowa. Onconntehocks= A bnaki, Onc-pah-pa, Oncpapa= Hunkpapa. Ondadeonwas=Cherokee. Ondages— Onondaga. Ondataouaouat=—Ottawa. Ondataouatouat=Illinois. Ondatauauat, Ondatawawat—Ottawa. Ondatouatandy= Potawatomi. Ondawagas—Seneca. Ondiakes= A bnaki. Ondiondago—Onondaga. Ondironon=Aondironon. Ondoutaoiiaheronnon=Ondoutaouaka. Ond8ta8aka=Ottawa. Oneachquage=—Oquaga. One-capapa= Hunkpapa. One-daugh-ga-haugh-ga—Onondaga. Onehohquages—Oquaga. Oneida Castle—Ganowarohare. Oneiout= Oneida (vil.). Onejages= A bnaki. OMAHAWS—ONONDAGAES 1109 Onejagese=Sokoki. Onejoust=Oneida (vil.). Onendagah—Onondaga (vil.). Onengioure=Caughnawaga. Onenhoghkwages, Oné. hokwa’ge=Oquaga. O-né"-ta’’-ké=Onondaga. Oneout= Oneida (vil.). Oneugi8re, Onewyiure=Caughnawaga. Onextaco=Onixaymas. Oneydoes= Oneida. Oneyoté=Goiogouen, Oneida (vil.). Onghetgechaton, Onghetgéodatons—Oughetgeoda- tons. Ongmarahronon, Ongniarahronon, Onguiaahra—Ong- niaahra, On-gwa-no"'-syo"’/-ni’ = Iroquois. Oniactmaws, Onias=Wea. Oniasontke, Oniasont-Keronons= Honniasontkero- non. Oniatonons, Oniattanon=Wea. Onie-le-toch=Oealitk. Onieoute—Oneida (vil.). Oni’hae, O-ni-’ha-o—Omaha. Onillas= Wea. Oninge, Oningo= Venango. Onioen=Goiogouen. Onionenhronnons, Oniouenhronon—Ca yuga. Onipowisibiwininiwag—Onepowesepewenenewak. Oniscousins= Wisconsin. Onkapas=Oyukhpe. Onkdaka=Oglala. Onkinegans=Okinagan. Onkowagannha=Ontwaganha. Onkpahpah, Onkpapah= Hunkpapa. Onlogamies= Foxes. Onnachee=Onnahee. Onnagonges, Onnagongues, Onnagongwe, Onnagon- ques= A bnaki. Onnandages, Onnatagues—Onondaga. Onnatucks=Onuatuc. Onnayayou= Honeoye. Onneloté=Goiogouen. Onneiou, Onneioute=Oneida (vil.). Onnei8theronnon= Oneida. Onnenatu=Deyodeshot. Onnentagues=Onondaga. Onnentissati=— Onentisati. Onneyatte, Onnie8te=Oneida (vil.). Onnogonges, Onnogongwaes= A bnaki. Onnoncharonnons=Ononchataronon. Onnondaga= Onondaga. Onnondage=Onondaga (vil.). Onnondages, Onnondagoes, daga. Onnondague=Onondaga (vil.). Onnondagues=Onondaga. Onnondaqué= Onondaga (vil.). Onnongonges= A bnaki. Onnoniote=—Oneida (vil.). Onnonlages, Onnontaé=Onondaga. Onnonta’e, Onnontae, Onnontaghé, Onnontagk, On- nontagué—Onondaga (vil.). Onnontaeheonnons, Onnontaeronnons, Onnontaghé, Onnontagheronnons= Onondaga. ares tal Onnontagué=Onondaga, vil.). Onnontaguehronnons, Onnontaguese, Ononntaguez Onnontatae=Onondaga. Onnontcharonnons=Ononchataronon. Onnontoeronnons=Onondaga. Onnosarage Castle=Ganowarohare. Onnotagues=Onondaga. Onnutague= Kanagaro. Ono=Ona. 0-no-a’-la-gone-na=Onoalagona, Schenectady. Onoaughquaga=Oquaga. Onoconcquehagas= A bnaki. Onocows= Konkau. Ono-dauger—Canandaigua. Onoganges= A bnaki. Onoghguagy, Onoghquagey—Oquaga. Ono ongoes, Onogonguas, Onogungos— A bnaki. Onohoghgwage, Ono oghquaga, Onohoquaga, Onoh- quauga—Oquaga., Onokonquehaga= A bnaki. i fa Onondades, Onondaéronnons—Onon- aga. Onondaga Castle—Onondaga (vil.). ; Onondagaes, Onondagah, Onondagas, Onondagers, Onondages, Onondagez—= Onondaga. Onnondagues=Onon- Onondaga 1110 Onondagharie=Onondaghara. Onondaghé, Onondagheronons, Onondagos, Ononda- gues, Onondajas, Onondakes, Onondawgaws, Onon- degas=Onondaga. Onondowa’= Nundawao. O-non-é-ka-ga-ha= Mandhinkagaghe. Onongongues= Abnaki. Ononhoghquage=Oquaga. ; Ononiioté= Oneida (vil.). O-no/-ni-o=Arikara. Ononioté=Oneida (vil.). Ononjete, Ononjoté=Oneida (vil.). Onontaé, Onontaehronon, Onontaerhonons, Onontae- ronons, Onontaerrhonons, Onontaez, Onontager, Onontages, Onontaghés, Onontagué, Onontagueron- nons, Onontagueronon, Onontaguese, Onontahé, Onontaheronons= Onondaga. Onontakaés=Ottawa. Onontake, Onontatacet=Onondaga. Onontchataranons, Onontchataronons, Onontchatero- nons=Ononchataronon. Ononthagues= Onondaga, Onontiogas=Onnontioga. Onoontaugaes= Onondaga. Onoquagé, Onoquaghe=Oquaga. Onossky= Ahtena. Onothaca=Onathaqua. Onoundages= Onondaga. Onoyints=Oneida. Oophi enikaciya= Anpanenikashika. Onquilouzas= Opelousa. Ontaanak=Ottawa. Ontagamies= Foxes. Ontagués= Onondaga. Ontaonatz—Ottawa. Ontaraeronon, Ontarahronon= Kickapoo. Ontastoes=Conestoga. Ontationoue= Nottoway. Ontdwawies= Ottawa. Ontehibouse=Chippewa. Ontoagannha, Ontéagaunha=Ontwaganha. Ontoouaganha= Ontwaganha. Ontotonta=Oto. Ontouagannha, Ont8agannha, Ontouagennha=Ont- waganha. Ontponies=Ontponea. Onttaouactz— Ottawa. Ontwagannha=Ontwaganha. Onuatuck=Onuatue. Onug-anigemut=Onuganuk. Onughkaurydaaug=Seneca. O-nun-da’/-ga-o-no, Onundagéga=Onondaga. Onundawaga=Seneca. Onundawgoes=Onondaga. Onuntate-ha’ge—Juniata. Onuntewakaa=Seneca. O-nya-de-a‘-ka"/-hyat= Neodakheat. Onyapes=Quapaw. Onyauyah= Honeoye. Ooailik, Ooallikh=Ualik. Oochepayyan=—Chipewyan. Oocooloo-Falaya=Oklafalaya. Oocuca=Ocuca. 0-o-dam=Tepehuane. Ood-za-téu= Utsehta. Ooe-Asa=Tawasa. Ooe-Asah=Ooeasa. Oofé-ogoolas=Ofogoula. Oogahlensie, Oogalenskie=Ugalakmiut. Ooganok= Uganik. Oogashik= Ugashik. Oo-geoo-lik= Ugjulirmiut. Ooglaamie, Ooglamie= Utkiavi. Ooglit, Ooglitt=Uglirn. Ooglovia=Uglovaia. Oogovigamute, Oogowigamute—=Ugovik. Oogueesik Salik, Ooguensik-salik-Innuits=Ukusik- salirmiut. Oo-gwapes=Quapaw. Oohaiack= Akhiok. Oohanick= Uganik. Oohaskeck= Uhaskek. Oohenoupa=Oohenonpa 0-6-ho-mo-i’-o, 0-ohomo-yo= Dakota. Oohp=Navaho, Walapai. Oohpap= Maricopa. Ooiak, Ooiatsk= Uyak. Oo-innakhtagowik, Ooinukhlagowik, Ooinuktago- wik=Uinuk. ONONDAGHARIE—OPOTO [B. A. E. Ookagamiut, Ookagamute=Ukak. Oo-ka-na-kane=Okinagan. Ookevok= Ukivokmiut. Ookhogamute=Oknagak. Ookivok=Ukivokmiut. Ook-joo-lik= Ugjulirmiut. Ook-tau-hau-zau-see= Uklahasasi. Ookwolik= Ugjulirmiut. Oolukak=Ulukakhotana. Oo-ma-ha=Omaha. Oomenak= Umana. Oomiak-soak= Udluhsen. Oomi-nu’-tqiu= Himoiyogqis. Oomnak=Nikolski. Oomoojek Yutes=Eiwhuelit. Oonakagamute= Unakagak. Oonakhtolik= Ungalik. Oonalakleet= Unalaklik. Oonalaska=TIliuliuk. Oonalga, Oonalgenskoi= Unalga Oonaligmute= Unaligmiut. Oonancock=Onancock. Oonangan=Aleut. Oonangashik= Unangashik. Ooncows= Konkau. Oongenskoi= Unga. Oon-harik=Unharik. Oonoghquageys=Oquaga. Oonongashik= Unangashik. Oonontaeronnons=Onondaga. Oop=Apache, Navaho, Walapai. Oopap, Oopas= Maricopa. Oopungnewing=Operdniving. Ooqueesiksillik— U kusiksalirmiut. Ooscooches, Oosechu=Osotchi. Oosemite= A wani. Oo-se-00-che, Ooseoochee= Osotchi. Oos-ké-ma= Eskimo. Oosoomite= A wani. Oustanale, Oustanalle, Oostanaula, Oos-te-nau-lah, Oostinawley= Ustanali. Oostomas= Ustoma. Ootagamis= Foxes. Ootam= Pima. Oote-lash-shoots=Ootlashoots. Ootivakh, Ootiwakh, Ootkaiowik=Utkiavi. Ootkeaviemutes, Ootkeavies= Utkiavinmiut. Ootkooseek-Kalingmeoot= Ukusiksalirmiut. Ootooka Mutes, Ootookas=Utukamiut. Ootslashshoots= Ootlashoot. 06-tyi-ti=Cochiti. Oouiatanons, O8iata8atenon= Wea. Ooukia=Cahokia. Oo-yapes=Quapaw. Oozinkie= Uzinki. Op= Apache. 0’-pa= Upan. Opala=Opata. Opanock=Ohanoak. Oparsoitac— Upasoitac. Opas= Maricopa. Opasura=Oposura. Opatas cogtiinachis—Coguinachi. Opatas teguimas=Teguima. Opate, Opauas=Opata. Opea= Peoria. Opechisaht, Opecluset, Ope-eis-aht—Opitchesaht. 0O-pe’-ki= Walpi. Opemens d’Acheliny=Nopeming. Openadyo, Openagi, Openagos, Openangos= Abnaki. Opendachiliny=Pawating. Openoches= Pohoniche. Opet-ches-aht=Opitchesaht. Opetsitar—Opitsat. Opii— Hopi. 0-pi-ji-que, Opijiqui=— Walpi. Opililea, Opilike, Opil’-‘lako=Opilhlako. 0-pil-thluc-co=Opilhlako. O’pimittish Ininiwac=Nopeming. O’pimmitish Ininiwuc=Cree. Opings= Pompton. Opisitar—Opitsat. Opistopea=Opistopia. Ople-goh=Takimilding. Opocoulas=Ofogoula. 0-po-nagh-ke= Abnaki. 0-po-que=San Ildefonso. Opoteppe=Opodepe. Opoto—Oputo. BULL. 30] Oppegach, Oppegoeh=Opegoi. Oppenago= Abnaki. Op-pe-o= Opegol. Oppernowick=Operdniving. Oppe-yoh= Opegoi. Opposians=Opossian. Opquive, Opquivi=Walpi. O-puh-nar’-ke= A bnaki. O-pth nika-shing-ga=Upan. Ogomiut=Okomiut. Oquacho, Oquago—Oquaga. O-qua-pas, Oquapasos=Quapaw. Oqué-Loussas=Okalusa. Oquitod=Oquitoa. Oquwa, Oquwa-tdéa=Okuwa. Orabi=Oraibi. Orages= Osage. Oraiba, Oraibe, Oraiby, Oraiva, Oraivaz, Oraive, Oraivi=Oraibi. Orakakes=Orapaks. Orambe, Orante=Oraibi. Orapack, Orapakas, Orapakes=Orapaks, Orarians= Esquimauan Family, Eskimo. Orawi, Oraybe, Oraybi, Orayve, Orayvee, Orayvi, Orayxa=Oraibi. Orcamipias, Orcampion, Orcampiou=Orcan. Orcoquisa= Arkokisa. Orcoquisac=San Agustin de Ahumada. Orcoquisacs, Orcoquizas= Arkokisa. Ore=Opata. Oregon Jacks=Ntekem. Orehbe, Oreiba=Oraibi. Orendakes= Adirondack. O-rey-be, Oriabe, Oribas, Oribe, Oribi=Oraibi. Orientales= Penateka. Original Pueblo=Aridian. Orisca, Oriska, Oriske=Ganowarohare. Orista, Oristanum= Edisto. Oriva=Oraibi. Orixa= Edisto. Orke’=San Juan. Orleans Indians=Karok. Orondacks, Orondocks, Orondoes= Adirondack. Orongouens=Cayuga. Oron-nygh-wurrie-gughre=Onoalagona. Oronoake, Oronoke=Woronock. Oroondoks, Oroonducks= Adirondack. Oropacks, Oropaxe=Orapaks. Oroyson=Oroysom. Orp= Apache. Orquisaco= Arkokisa. Orribies=Oraibi. Orroyo= Pueblo del Arroyo. Ortithipicatony= Tippecanoe. Oruk=Arekw. Orundacks= Adirondack. Orunges= Mahican. Orville=Lac Court Oreilles. Oryina=Oraibi. Osaéch-hano=Oshach. Osaga= Osage. ee e des Chenes, Osages of the Oaks=Santsuk- in. Osagi=Sauk. Osaginang, Osaginawe=Saginaw. Osaij= Hopi. Osaki, Osankies=Sauk. Osapa chitto—Sapa Chitto. Osarge=Osage. Osark=Ozark. Osasigi=Osage. Osatoves= Uzutiuhi. Osaugeeg, Osaukies=Sauk. Osault St Louis=Caughnawaga. 0’-saw-kee=Sauk. O-saw-ses= Osage. Osay= Hopi. Osaybe=Oraibi. Osayes=Osage. Oscameches= Occaneechi. Osceola’s Town=Withlako. Oscillee=Ocilla. Oscoochee=Osotchi. Osédshi maklaks=Osage. Oseegah=Itscheabine. Ose-larneby=Assilanapi. Oseooche=Osotchi. Osett, Osette=Ozette. Osevegatchies=Oswegatchie. OPPEG ACH—O-THUN-GU-RAHS Lili Osewingo—Chenango. Osh-a-chewan=Osetchiwan. Oshahak= Dakota. 0’-sharts, Oshatsh—Oshach. Oshawanoag=Shawnee. Osheraca= Foxes. O’shetchiwan=Osetchiwan. Osheti Shakowin= Dakota. Oshibwek= Chippewa. 0-sho-na=Oshonawan. Osht-yal-a=Ostyalakwa. Osiguevede=Osiquevede. Osinies=Ozinies. Osinipoilles= Assiniboin. Osipees=Ossipee. Osita= Wichita. Ositchy=Osotchi. ah age a Oskemanitigous = Oukiskimani- touk, Oski holba=Escooba. Osmaxmik’é/lp=Osmakmiketlp. Osochee= Osotchi. Osoli=Oraibi. Osooyoos= Nkamip. Osotonoy, Osotteoez=Uzutiuhi. Osoyoos=Nkamip. Ospa=Ospo. Osquisakamais=Oskquisaquamai. Ossachile=Osachile. Ossage= Osage. Ossalonida=Assilanapi. Osseegahs=Itscheabine. Osse-gon= Ashegen. Ossepe=Ossipee. Ossernenon, Osserrion, Osseruenon=Caughnawaga. Ossikanna=Seneca. Ossineboine, Ossiniboine, Ossnobians= Assiniboin. Ossonane, Ossosandué, Ossosané, Ossossaire=Ossos- sane. Ossoteoez, Ossotéoué, Ossotonoy, Ossotoues, Ossot- teoez, Ossoztoues= Uzutiuhi. Ossuchees=Osotchi. Osswegatche=Oswegatchie. Ostandousket=Sandusky. Ostanghaes=Ostonwackin. Ostiagaghroones, Ostiagahoroones=Chippewa. Ostonoos= Ustanali. Ostretchees, Osudshi, Osutchi—Osotchi. Oswagatches, Oswagatic, Osweatchies, Osweegachio, Osweegchie, Oswegachys, Oswegatches, Oswegat- chy, Oswegatsy=Oswegatchie. Oswichees, Oswichu=Osotchi. Oswingo—Chenango. Oswitcha, Oswitche, Oswitchee=Osotchi. Otagamies= Foxes. 0-ta-har-ton=Otekhiatonwan. Otahas=Ottawa. Otakwanawe"runé"=Oquaga. Otama= Pima. Ota-na-sa-ga—Canadasaga. 0.tan.gan= Winnebago. Otaoas=Ottawa. Otaopabine= Watopapinah. Ota8ais, Otaouaks, Otaous—Ottawa. Otasee, Otasse=A tasi. Ota’tshia widishi/anun=Otachia. Otauas= Ottawa. Otaulubis=Outurbi. Otawa, Otawas, Otawaus, Otawawas—Ottawa. Otaydchgo= Nanticoke. Otchagras, Otchagros= Winnebago. Otchaqua=Oathaqua. Otchenti-Chakoang= Dakota. Otchepése, Otchipoeses, Otchipois, Otchipwe=Chippewa. 0-tchun-gu-rah= Winnebago. Otcitca konsag=Outchichagami. Otee toochinas=Otituchina. Otehatonwan, Otehi-atonwan—Otekhiatonwan. 0-tel-le-who-yau-nau, Otellewhoyonnee= Hotalihuy- ana. Ot’el’-nna= Eskimo. Otchipoises, ; Otenmarhem, Otenmarhen=Ointemarhen. Otentas=Oto. Oteqi-ato>wa=Otekhiatonwan. Ote-toe, Oteuta, Otheues, Othoe, Othonez, Othoues, Othouez, Othoves=Oto. 0-thun-gu-rahs= Winnebago. Othos, 1112 Otiara8atenon= Wea. Otickwagami= Nipissing. 0-til’-tin= Kutchakutchin. Otina=Utina. Otinanchahé=Joasseh. Otisee=Atasi. Otissee=A tasi. Otjibwek—Chippewa. ikea vik Utkiavi. tot k!ial na’as xa/da-i— Otkialnaas-hadai. Otkiavik, Otkiawik, Ot-ki-a-wing, Otkiwik="Utkiavi. Otma= Attu. Otmagra= Winnebago. £0t na’as xa’da-i= Otnaas-hadai. Otno-Khotana, Otnox tana—Ahtena. Otoa=Toalli. Otoctatas, Otoctotas, Otoe, Otoetata—Oto. Otogamies= Foxes. 0-toh’-son=Oglala. Otok-kok=Utuka. Oto-kog-ameuts= Utukamiut. Otokotouemi=Otaguottouemin. Otomie=Omaha. Otondiata, Otoniata, Otoniato—Tonihata. Otonkah= Winnebago. Otonnica=Tunica. Otontanta= Oto. Otopachgnato= Watopachnato. Otopplata, Otoptata—Oto. Otoseen=Atasl. Ototantas, Ototata=Oto. Ototchassi= Uzutiuhi Otouacha=Toanche. Otoutanta, Otoutantas Paoté=Oto. Otowas, Otoways=Ottawa. Otseningo, Otsiningo, Otsininko—Chenango. Ots-on-waeken=Ostonwackin. Otsotchaué, Otsotchoué, Otsotchove, Uzutiuhi. Otstonwackin=Ostonwackin. Ottagamies, Ottagaumies= Foxes. Ottah-wah, Ot-tah-way, Ottaouais, Ottaouets=Ot- tawa. Ottapoas=Chippewa. Ottar-car-me, Ot-tar-gar-me= Foxes. Ottasees=A tasi. Ottauwah, Ottawacks, Ottawacs, Ottawaes, Ottawa- gas, Ottawaies, Ottawak=—Ottawa. Ottawa lake men=Lac Court Oreilles. Ottawas of Blanchard’s Creek, Ottawas of Blanch- ard’s Fork=Blanchard’s Fork. Ottawawa, Ottawawaas, Ottawawe, Ottawawooes, Ottawaws, Ottaway, Ottawwaws, Ottawwawwag, Ottawwawwug=Otltawa. Ot-tech-petl=Otshpeth. Otter, Nation of the=Amikwa. Ottersea, Ottesa, Ottessa—Atasi. Ottewas=Ottawa. Ottigamie, Ottigaumies, Ottiquamies— Foxes. Ottisse, Ottissee= A tasi. Otto, Ottoas—Oto. Ottoawa=Ottawa. Ottoes=Oto. Ottogamis= Foxes. Ottoos, Otto’s, Ottotatocs, Ottotatoes—Oto. Ottova, Ottowaes, Ottowais=Ottawa. Ottowas=Oto, Ottawa. Ottowata, Ottowaus, Ottowauways, Ottowawa, Otto- wawe, Ottowaws, Ottowayer, Ottoways, Ottowose, Ottwasse= Ottawa. O‘tu’ginti=Oqtogona, 0’-tu-kah=Utuka. O-tun-nee=Crows. Oturbe=Atarpe. Otutaches=Oto. Oua= Wea. Ouabaches, Ouabachi= Wabash. Ouabans=Ouabano. Ouabash Nations= Wabash. QOuabenakiouek, S8abenakis, Ouabenaquis, Ouabna- quia=Abnaki. Ouacé=Ouasouarini. Quacha= Washa. QOuachaskesouek= Wachaskesouek. Quachegami= Wachegami. Ouachibes=Ouachita. Ouachipuanes=Chipewyan. Quachites=Ouachita. Quachtanons, Ouachtenons, Ouachtunon= Wea. Otsoté= OTIARA8ATENON—OUGAPA [SB AS Ouadbatons, Ouadebathons, Battons= Wahpeton. Ouadiche= Nabedache. Ouaepetons= Wahpeton. Ouae Utina=Utina. Ouagoussac= Foxes. Ouagoussak= Wakoawissojik. Ouainco= Waco. Ouaioumpoum= Wiam. Ouakichs= Nootka. QOuakicoms, Ouakikours= Wahkiakum. Ouak8iechi.ek=Chisedec. Ouakouingouechiouek= Wakouingouechiwek. Quali=Ouasouarini. Oualla-Oualla, Ouallas-Ouallas=Wallawalla. 8anabegoueks= Winnebago. QOuanahinan= Kannehouan. » Ouanchas= Washa. 8an8inak= Wewenoc. Ouaouackecinatouek= Huron. 8a8aiation= Wea. Quaouechkairini, Ouaouechkairiniouek— Weskarini. Ouaouiartanons, Ouaouiatanoukak, Ouaouiatenonou- kak= Wea. Ouaouiechkairini, 8a8iechkarini8ek— Weskarini. Ouaotiyartanons= Wea. Ouapamo= Wapoo. Ouapeontetons= Wazikute. Ouapetons= Wahpeton. Ouapetontetons= Wazikute. 8arasteg8iaks= Malecite. 8arinakiens= Wewenoc. QOuaroronon=Ongniaahra. Ouasaouanik=Ouasouarini. Ouasiconteton= Wazikute. Ouasitas= Ouachita. Ouasouarim=Ouasouarini. Ouasoys= Osage. Ouassi=Ouasouarini. Ouassitas= Ouachita. Ouatabatonha= Wahpeton. Ouatanons= Wea. Ouatawais=Ottawa. Ouatchita= Ouachita. Ouatemanetons=Ocatameneton. Ouatenon= Wea. 8atoeronnon, Ouatoieronon=Sauk. Ouatonons= Wea. Ouatoudx=Ottawa. Quattonon= Wea. Oubenakis, 8benakis= Abnaki. Oubestamiouek= Bersiamite. Oucahipoues=Chippewa. Oucatonons= Wea. Ouchage=Osage. Ouchaouanag, Ouchawanag=Shawnee. Ouchee= Yuchi. Ouchessigiriniouek, Ouchestigotiek, Ouchestigouetch, Ouchestigouets= Oukesestigouek. Ouchibois, Ouchipawah, Ouchipoe, Ouchipoves=Chip- pewa. Ouchitaws= Wichita. Ouchuchlisit, Ou-chuk-lis-aht=Uchucklesit. Oudebaetons= Wahpeton. 8eanohronons= Wenrohronon. Oueas= Wea. Ouedle=Uedle. Semess8rit, Ouemessourit= Missouri. Ouenabegouc= Winnebago. Ouendat, 8endat= Huron. Quenebegonhelinis=Ouinebigonhelini. Quenebegons, Ouenebigonchelinis, Ouenibigonc, Oue- nibigoutz= Winnebago. 8enrio=Ouenrio. Quenro nation, 8enroronons= Wenrohronon. QOuentouoronons=Seneca. 8e8eskariniens= Weskarini. Oueperigoueiaouek= Weperigweia. QOuescharini= Weskarini. Oueschekgagamiouilimy = Oschekkamegawenene- wak. Ouesconsins= Wisconsin. Ouesperies= Uzutiuhi. Oufe Agoulas, Oufé Ogoulas, Oufe Ogulas, ouglas, Oufi-Ougulas=Ofogoula. Oufotu=Uzutiuhi. Ougagliakmuzi-Kinaia= Knaiakhotana. Ougalachmioutsy, Ougalentze= Ugalakmiut. Ougapa=Quapaw. Ouadebatons, Oua de Oufe- iain BULL. 30] Ougatanous= Wea. Oughalakhmute, Oughalakmute, Oughalentze—Ugal- | akmiut. Oughquaga, Oughquageys, Oughqugoes=Oquaga. Oughquissasnies=Saint Regis. Oughtella=A waitlala. Ougnagok— Unga. Ougpauk=Okpaak. Ouguapas=Quapaw. Ouh-papas= Hunkpapa. QOuiagies— Mahican. Ouias, Ouiatanon, Ouiatenons, Ouiatinons, Ouiato- nons, Ouiattanon, Ouiattons, Ouicatonans= Wea. QOuichaatcha=Osage. Quichitaws= Wichita. Ouichram=Tlakluit. Quidachenaton, Ouidaougeouaton, Ouidaougeouma- ton, Ouidaougeounaton, Ouidaugeounaton = Oughetgeodatons. QOuidiches= Nabedache. Ouileute=—Quileute. Ouillas= Wea. QOuillequegaws=K walhioqua. Ouimiamies= Miami. Quinepeag, Ouinipegong, Ouinipegou, Ouinipegouec, Ouinipégotiek, Ouinipigou= Winnebago. Ouioen=Goiogouen. Quioenrhonons, Ouiouenronnons=Cayuga. Ouisconsins, 8iskonche, Ouiskonches= Wisconsin. Ouispe=Ofogoula. QOuitanans, Ouitanons, Ouitatotnons= Wea. Ouitcitas= Wichita. Ouithloko=Withlako. QOuitimaus= Wea. Oujalespious, Oujalespoitons, Oujalespoitous=Ouja- tespouitons. Oujatanons= Wea. Oujatespouetons=Oujatespouitons. aanees— Okchayi. Oukinegans=Okinagan. Oukivak=Ukivok. Ouknadok=Uknodok. Oukouingouechiouek= Wakouingouechiwek. Oukskenah= Klamath. Oukviktoulia=Opiktulik. Oukwak=Ukivok. Oulchionis=Dulchioni. Ouloulatines=Olulato. Ouma= Huma. Oumalominis, Oumalouminek, Oumaloumines, Ouma- louminetz= Menominee. Oumamens, Oumami, Oumamik= Miami. Oumamiois=Bersiamite, Oumamiwek. Oumamioucks=Bersiamite. 8mami8ek, 8mami8ekhi= Oumamiwek. Oumamiwek=Bersiamite. Oumanies= Miami. Oumaniouets, Oumanois=Oumamiwek. Oumaominiecs= Menominee. Oumas= Huma. Oumatachiiriouetz=Oumatachi. Oumeami, Oumiamies= Miami. Oumisagai= Missisauga. QOu-missouri= Missouri. Ou-Monssonis= Monsoni. Ounabonims= Menominee. Ounachkapiouek, Ounadcapis= Nascapee. Ounagountchaguélioug-iout=Jugelnute. Ounag-touli= Ungalik. Ounalaklik= Unalaklik. Ounangan=Eskimauan Family. Ounasacoetois= Nassauaketon. Ounascapis= Nascapee. 8natchatazonons=Ononchataronon. Ouneiout, Ounejout=Oneida (vil.). Ounepigous= Winnebago. Ounescapi= Nascapee. -Ounga= Unga. Ounhann-Kouttane= Unakhotana. Ounikanes=Amikwa. Ounneiout=Oneida (vil.). Ounnenatu=Deyodeshot. Ounontcharonnous, Ounountchatarounongak=Onon- chataronon. Ounspik—Ofogoula. Ountchatarounounga=Ononchataronon. Ouoghquogey=Oquaga. OQuoguens=Goiogouen. Oupapa=Quapaw. OUGATANOUS—OUTOUAGANNHA 1113 Oupapinachiouek, Oupapinachi8ekhi, i8ku= Papinachois. Ouperigoue ouaouakhi= Weperigweia. Oupouteouatamik= Potawatomi. Ouquagos—Oquaga. Ourages, Ouragies= Mahican. Ouramanichek=Oumamiwek. Ouraouakmikoug= Outaouakamigouk., Ouristigouche= Restigouche. Our Lady. See Nuestra Sefiora. Our Lady of Sorrows and Saint Anthony of Sandia= Sandia. Ouroctenon= Wea. Ous=Osage. Ousaki, Ousakiouek=Sauk. Ousasons, Ousasoys= Osage. Ousatannock Indians, Ousatunnuck=Stockbridge. Ousauches=Osotchi. Ousetannuck=Stockbridge. Ousita= Wichita. Ousolu= Uzutiuhi. Ousontiwi, Ousoutiwy=Uzutiuhi. Ouspie, Oussipes=Ofogoula. Oustaca, Oustack, Oustacs=Westo. Oustanale, Oustanalle=Ustanali. Oustestee= Ustisti. Oustonnoc=Stockbridge. Outabitibek, Outabytibis— A bittibi. Outachepas=Chippewa. Outagami, Outagamie-ock, Outagamiouek, Outag- amy= Foxes. Outaganons= Wea. Outagomies= Foxes. 8tak8ami8ek, Qutakouamiouek, Outakouamiwek= Attikamegue. Outantes=Oto. Outaois, Outaoise, Outaonacs, Outaotiacs=Ottawa. Outa8acs, 8ta8acs, Outaoiiaes, 8ta8aés—Ottawa. Outaouae Sinagos—Sinago. Outaouagamis= Foxes. Outaouagas, Outaouaies, Outaouais, Outa8ais, 8ta- 8ais= Ottawa. Outaouak of the Sable=Sable. Outaouaks=Ottawa. Outaouaks Sinagaux=Sinago. Outaouan, Outaouaos, Outaouas, Outa8as, 8ta8as— Ottawa. Outaouasinagouk=Sinago. Outaouas of Talon=Otontagan. Outaouats, Outaouaus, Outaouax, Outaouays, Outa- oues, Outaouis= Ottawa. 8ta8kot8emi8ek— Otaguottouemin. Outaouois, Outa80is—Ottawa. Outaouoisbouscottous, Outaouois Bouscouttou. Outaoutes, Outa8uas, Outaovacs, Outaovas, Outa- owaies= Ottawa. Outapa=Ibitoupa. Outarwas=Ottawa. Outatibes=A bittibi. Outauaes, Outauas, Outauies, Outauois, Outavis, Outavois, Outawacs, Outawais, Outawas, Outa- wase=Ottawa. Outawas Sinagos=Sinago. Outawawas, Outaway, Outawies, Outawois—Ottawa. Outaypes=Ibitoupa. Outchibouec, Outchibous=Chippewa. Outchichagamiouetz=Outchichagami. Outchioung, Outchiouns=Uchium. Outchipoue, Outchipwais=Chippewa. Outchitak-Mioute= Uchtak. Outchouguets=Outchougai. Outduaocis= Ottawa. Outehipoues—Chippewa. Outemiskamegs=Temiscaming. Outentontes=Oto. Outeonas=Ottawa. Outias= Wea. Outichacouk= Atchatchakangouei Outigamis= Foxes. Outimacs=Ottawa. Outina=Utina. Outinon= Wea. Outiskouagami, Outisquagamis— Nipissing. Outitchakouk=Atchatchakangouen. Outlaw=Pinutgu. Outoagamis, Outogamis= Foxes. Outontagans, Outouacks, Outouacs=Ottawa. Outouagamis= Foxes. Outouagannha=Shawnee. Oupapinach- Bouscouttons= 1114 Outouais, Outouaouas=Ottawa. : Outougamis= Foxes. Outouloubys=Outurbi. Outouvas, Outowacs=Ottawa. Outpankas, Outponies=Ontponea. Outsotin= Hwotsotenne. Outtagamies, Outtagaumie, Outtagomies= Foxes. Outtamacks, Outtaois, Outtaouacts, Outtaouatz, Outta8es, Outtaouis, Outtauois, Outtawaats, Out- tawas, Outtoaets=Ottawa. Outtongamis, Outtouagamis— Foxes. Outtouatz—Ottawa. Outtougamis= Foxes. Ouxeinacomigo=Sinago. 0-iixtxitan—Osage. Ou yaku Ilnige= Aoyakulnagai. QOuyapes, Ouyapez—Quapaw. Ouyas, 8yas, 8yatanon, Ouyatanons= Wea. Ouyatespony=Oujatespouitons. eae nn 8yatonons, Ouyattanons, Ouyaws= ea. Ouyopetons= Wahpeton. Ouyslanous= Wea. Ovadebathons= Wahpeton. Ovagitas= Wichita. Ova’/gots=Wharhoots. Ovas=lowa, Jova. Ovedsitas= Wichita. Overhill Creeks=Upper Creeks. Ovkérok= Ukivok. Ovvendoes= Owendos. Owago—Owego. Owaha, Owahas=Omaha. Owandats= Huron. Owaragees= Mahican. Owassa= Hiwassee. Owasse wi'dishi’anun=Owasse. Oways= Kiowa. Oweantonoge= Weantinock. Oweatumka= Wetumpka. Oweckano, 0-wee-kay-no, Oweekayo— Wikeno. Owegé, Owegey, Owegi, Owegy, Oweigey=Owego. Owekofea=Weogutka. Op eneRuneas, Owenagunges, Owenagungies—Ab- naki. Owendaets, Owendats= Huron. Owendoes=Owendos. Owendot= Huron. Owen’s River Indians= Kotsava. Owens Valley Paiutes=Petenegowats. Owenungas= A bnaki. Owhat, Owhat-td6a=Okuwa. Owhillapsh= K walhioqua. Owhu, Owhi-tdoa=Okuwa. Owia-lei-toh=Oealitk. wilapsh= K walhioqua, Willopah. Owitchees=Osotchi. Owit-lei-toh=Oetlitk. Owongos= Kowanga. Owseecheys=Osotchi. Oxiailles=Okchayi. Oxitahibuis—Ojiataibues. Oxmulges=Ocmulgee. Oxomiut=Okomiut. Oxquoquiras=Arkokisa. Oyachtownuk Roanu= Wea. Oyadackuchraono, Oyadagahroenes, Oyadage’-ono, 0-ya-da/-go-o-no=—Cherokee. Oydgamut=Kuskwogmiut. Oyaghtanont= Wea. Oyak=Kuskwogmiut. Oyanders= Mohawk. Oyatage-ronon=Cherokee. O-ya-tay-shee-ka, Oyate-citca, Oyate si¢a—Oyate- shicha. Oyatonons= Wea. Oyaudah—Cherokee. Oydica=Oydican. Oyelloightuk=Oealitk. Oyer-lal-lah=Oglala. Oyique=Oyike. Oynondage= Onondaga (vil.). Oyoa=Iowa. Oyogouins—Cayuga. Oypatoocoola, Oypat oocooloo—Oypatukla. Oytapars, Oytapayts=Oapars., Oyty-aht=Oiaht. Oyulpe, Oyugqpe=Oyukhpe. Oyyatanous= Wea. OUTOUAIS—PADOWAGAS {B. A. 2. Ozages= Osage. 0-zai=Oraibi. Ozajes, Ozanges=Osage. Ozanghe'darankiac—Sagaduhoc. Ozaras, Ozarrar= Maricopa. Ozas= Osage. Oz-ash= Wazhazha. Ozaukie=Sauk. Ozeailles=Okchayi. Ozembogus=Ozanbogus. Ozenick=Ozenic. Ozenies=Ozinies. | Ozi=Oraibi. Ozimies=Ozinies Ozinieke=Ozenic. Ozotheoas, Ozotoues= Uzutiuhi. Pa-a’-bi-a=Payabya. Paachiquis= Pacuaches. Paaco=Paako. Paalat=Pajalat. Paanese=Saponi. Paante=Panthe. Pa Bda-ska=Salish. Pabierni/n=Keresan Family. Pa-¢a’/= Patha. Pacaha=Quapaw. Pacahuches= Pakawa. Pacamas=Pacana. Pacamteho, Pacamtekock, Pacamtekookes=Pocom- tue. Pacanacot= Pokanoket. Pacanas= Pacana. Pacanaukett, Pacanawkite= Pokanoket. Pacanche= Pakanchi. Pacanokik= Pokanoket. Pacaos=Pakawa. Pacarabo=Cheyenne. Paccamagannat= Paccamagannant. Pacer band of Apaches= Kiowa Apache. Pacha, Pacha, Pachac=Patzau. Pachagues=Parchaque. Pachai= Patzau. Pachajuen=Pataguo. Pachalaca, Pachalate=Pachalaque. Pachales=Pachal. Pachalgagu=Pachalaque. Pachami, Pachamins= Nochpeem. Pachanga=Temecula. Pachany=Tankiteke. Pachao= Pakawa. Pacha Oglouas, Pacha-Ogoulas= Pascagoula. Pachaques= Parchaque. Pachaug, Pachaxa=Patzau. Pacheena, Pacheenett, Pachenah= Pacheenaht. Paches= Apache. Pachgatgoch=Scaticook. Pachimis='l'ankiteke. Pachoches= Pakawa, Parchaque. Pachough=Patchoag. Pachquadnach= Wechquadnach. Pachtolik= Pastolik. Pachules=Pachal. qagin= Pawnee. aadi"-maha®=Skidi. Pagin-diza= Arikara. garin wasabé= Wichita. ackachooge= Pakachoog. Packamins=Tankiteke. Packanoki, Packanokick= Pokanoket. Packemitt=Punkapog. Pack-wans=Pekwan. Pacoas=Pakawa. Pacomtuck=!’ocomtue. Paconekick= Pokanoket. Pacos=Pakawa. Pacotucke= Pawcatuck. Pacotucketts=Wamesit. Pacpoles= Pacpul. Pacuaches, Pacuas=Pakawa. Pacuchianis=Pacuachian. Padacus=Comanche. Pa-dai-na, Pa-da/-ni, Padani Masteta— Pawnee. Padanka, Padaws, Padducas=Comanche. Pad-gee-li-gau=Padshilaika. Pa-dje’ ga-dzhi»=Padzhegadzhin. Padokas, Padoncas, Padonees, Padoo, Padoucahs, Padoucas, Padoucee=Comanche. Padowagas=Seneca. a BULL. 30] Paduca, Paducahs, Paducas, Paduka=Comanche. Paegan=Piegan. Paego= Pecos. Pa-e-guns=Piegan. Pae-qo, Paequiu, Pae-quiua-la— Pecos. Pa-erks= Eskimo. Pae-yoq/ona= Pecos. Pagago= Papago. Pagampache, Pagampachis—Pahvant. Paganavo—Cheyenne. Pagans=Piegan. Pagasett=Paugusset. Paghhuntanuck= Pauhuntanue. Pagnati=Paguate. Pagnines= Paisin. Pagninoas=Bokninuwad. Pago= Pecos. Pagonotch= Paiute. Pagos= Pecos. Pagosines=Paisin. Pagouitik— Pawating. Pagowitch, Pagowits— Navaho. Pagsin=Paisin. Paguaches= Pacuaches. Paguachis=Pakawa, Pacuaches. Paguampe=Pahyant. Pagui=Tagui. Paguichic, Paguichique—Pagaichi. Pagu-uits, Pa/-gu-wets= Navaho. Pagwaki=Pequaw ket. Pag-wa-nu-chi= Uinta. Pa-ha-hi’-a= Payabya. Pa-ha-sa-bé= Mescaleros. Pa-ha-sea, qgahatsi= Pahatsi. Pah Baxa, Pah-bax-ahs=Pabaksa. Pah-Edes= Paiute. Pa-hed-ke-teh-a Village=Papakeecha, oe Pahatsi. ah-huh-hach-is= Pohoniche. Pahi Mahas=Skidi. Pah-kah-nah-vo—Cheyenne. Pahkee=Siksika. Pahk-wans=Pekwan. Pahlachocolo=A palachicola. Pa‘hlai=Cochiti. Pah-lo-cho-ko-los= Apalachicola. Pahmetes= Paiute. Pahneug= Pawnee. Pahnutes Utahs=Paiute. Pa-ho-cha, Pa-ho-dje, Pa-ho-ja—Iowa. Pahés’-hadsho= Baboen li Pahouitingdachirini, Pahouiting8ach Irini=Pawat- ing. Pah8tet=Iowa. Pah Ranagats, Pah-rdn-né, Pah-Reneg-Utes=Paran- iguts. Pah-ri-sa-pah= Paiute. Pah-to-cahs=Comanche. Pah-Touts= Paiute. Pahuanan=Paguanan. Pahuata=Paguate. Pahucae, Pa-hu-cha—Iowa. Pahui=Tagui. Pahusitahs, Pah-Utah, Pah-Utes=Paiute. Pah-Vantes, Pahvants, Pah-Vauts, Pah Vents, Pah- vontee=Pahvant. P’shwia‘hliap=San Ildefonso. Pah-witing-dach-irini, Pahwittingdach-irini= Pa wat- ing. Pa/-i= Pawnee. Paia, Paiaia, Paialla—Payaya. Pai a’ti= Paiute. Paiaya=Payaya. Pa-ifan amim=Alsea. Pai-Ides= Paiute. Pai’-in-kqwi/-t’¢u=Paiinkkhwutthu. Paik=Siksika. Paikanavos, Paikandoos—Cheyenne. Paikawa, Paikawan=Pakawa. Paiki= Paki. Pailishs=Copalis. Paillailles=Payaya. Paille Coupée=Buckaloon. Pailsh, Pailsk=Copalis. Pail-uk-sun=Sailupsun. Paimjut, Paimut, Paimute=Paimiut. Painé= Pawnee. Pain-pe-tse menay= Dakota. Paint Creek Town=Chillicothe. PADUCA—PALM SPRINGS | Palaquechaune, 1115 Painted Heart Indians=Skitswish. Painted Indians= Pintados. Paisans, Les=Seneca. Paisau=Patzau. Paiuches= Paiute. Paiugan, Paiuguan—Payuguan. Pai’-u-i-yu’-nit t’¢ai= Paiuiyunitthai. Paiulee, Paiutes, Pai-yu’chimi, Pai-yiadshi,Pai-yu’ts¥ =Paiute. Paiztat=Patzau. Pajalache=Pachalaque. Pajalaches, Pajalames=Pajalat. Pajalaques=Pajalat, Pachalaque. Pajalat, Pajalatames, Pajalites—Pajalat. Pajaritos—Troomaxiaquino. Pajaro Pinto—Tshirege. Pa-jeh=Patki. Pajoaque, Pajuagne, Pajuaque— Pojoaque. Pajuate=Paguate. Pajuguan= Payuguan. Pakabaliyi—San Juan. Pa’/-kab nyi-mi, Pakab winwi, Pa/-kab wiin-wi= Pakab. Pakachoag= Pakachoog. Pa/-ka-mal-li= Pakamali. Pakanas=Pacana. .P4-ka-na-vo, Pa-ka-na-wa—Cheyenne. Pakanawkett= Pokanoket. Pa-kan/-e-pul=Tubatulabal. Pakanoki, Pakanokick= Pokanoket. Pakan’-Talahassi= Pakan-Tallahassee. Pakashoag, Pakaskoag=Pakachoog. Pakatucke=Paweatuck. Pakauds= Pequot. Pakawai=Pakawa. Pake= Paki. Pa‘kegamang=Pokegama. Pakeist=Pekaist. Pakemitt, Pakenit=Punkapog. Pa/kiut-léma= Yakima. Pak-ka-na=Pacana. Pakoango= Unami. Pakodch-cog=Pakachoog. Pakomit= Punkapog. Pakota= Dakota. Pa-kua=Pakwa. Pa-kuh’-tha=Iowa, Pakhtha. Paku’parai, Pakuqhalai=San Juan. Pak-wan=Pekwan. Pa/-kwa wun-wi=Pakwa. Pakwik= Paugwik. Pakwiti=San Ildefonso. Pa’l-ab=Cochiti. Palache, Palachees= Apalachee. Palachicolas, Palachocalas, Palachoocla, chooc-la, Pa-la-chooc-le, Palachuckolas, chuola= Apalachicola. Palagueques, Palaguessons=Palaquesson. Pa’ lahuide=Cochiti. : Palaihnih=Palaihnihan Family, Shastan Family. Palaihnihan, Palaik—Shastan Family. Palaiks=Palaihnihan Family. Palainik—Shastan Family. Palana winwi=Palanya. Pa-la’-ni= Pawnee. Palanshan, Palanshawl=Tsulamsewi. Palaquechauré, Palaquechone, Palaquesones, Palaquessous=Palaquesson. Palatcy= Apalachee. Palatka=Pilatka. Palatkwapi=Palatkwabi. Pa-la-wa’=Palewa. Palawi=Coyoteros. Palaxy= Apalachee. Pal-e’-um-mi= Paleuyami. Palewa=Palawa. : Pa ‘lizen ab ponin=Chiricahua. Pallalat=Pajalat. Pallalla=Payaya. Pallalts=Pilalt. Pallatapalla=Paloos. Pallaya—Payaya. Pallegawonép—Tubatulabal. Pallet-to Pallas=Paloos. Pal-li-ga-wo-nap’=Tubatulabal. Pallotepallers, Pallotepellows=Paloos. Palma=Pauma. Palma’s rancheria=San Dionysio. Palm-kech-emk= Pan. Palm Springs=Sechi. Pa-la- Pala- 1116 Paloas, Palloatpallah—=Paloos. Paloguessens= Palaquesson. Palona, Palonnas= Palomas. Pallotepallors, Palooche, Paloose, Palouse=Paloos. Palquesson= Palaquesson. Paltatro=Paltatre. Paltocac= Partocac. Pa/lu= Paviotso. Pa-lin-am wun-wi=Palanya. Palus= Paloos. Paluxies, Paluxsies= Biloxi. Palvas= Paloos. Pal-wish-a=Badwisha. Pamacacack, Pamacaeack, Pamacocack=Pamaco- eac. Pamanes= Pausanes. Pamanuk, Pamanuke, Pamaomeck= Pamunkey. Pamaquid= Pemaquid. Pamareke= Pamunkey. Pamassa, Pamasus= Wichita. Pamauke, Pamaunk, Pamaunkes, Pamaunkie=Pa- munkey. Pamauuaioc=Pomouic. Pamavukes=Pamunkey. Pambizimena= Dakota. Pameik= Pomeioc. Pames= Pausanes. Paimisahagi=Pamissouk. Pamit= Pamet. Pamitaris’ town=Pimitoui. Pamlicough= Pamlico. Pammahas=Skidi. Pamnaouamske, Pamna8amske= Penobscot. Pamnit=Pamet. Pamonkies= Pamunkey. Pamozanes= Pamoranos. Pampapas= Pamposas. Pampe Chyimina= Dakota. Pamphleco, Pampleco= Pamlico. Pampoas, Pampopas, Pampos= Pamposas. Pamptaco, Pamptecough, Pamptego, Pamptichoe, Pampticoe, Pampticoke, Pampticough, Pamptu- cough, Pamtico, Pamticough= Pamlico. Pamua=Pauma. Pamunkies=Pamunkey. Pamunky=Pamacocac. Pana= Ponca. Panacas= Pacana. Panack= Bannock. Panagamsdé= Penobscot. Panagues= Pamaques. Panahamsequit= Penobscot. Panai Proper=Chaui. Panaite, Panak= Bannock. Panaloga=Comanche. Panampskéwi, Panamské= Penobscot. Panana= Pawnee. Pananaioc= Pomouic. Pananan= Pawnee. Pananarocks, Panannojock, Pananuaioc= Pomouic. Pana-ompskek, Panaomské, Panaonke, Panaouames- ké, Panaouamké, Panaouamsde, Pana8amsdé, Pan- aouamské, Pana8amské, Pana8amsket, Panaouams- quée, Panaouanbskek, Panaouanké, Panaouaske, Panaoumski, Panaounké, Panaouské=Penob- seot. Panaquanike= Quinnipiac. Panaquid= Pemaquid. Pana’s= Ponca. Panascan= Pasnacanes. Panasht= Bannock. Panawamské, Panawamskik, Panawaniské=Penob- scot. Panawanscot=Oldtown. Panawanske, Panawanskek= Penobscot. Panawapskek=Oldtown. Panawopskéyal= Penobscot. Panayki= A bnaki. Pancacola= Pensacola. Pancaké= Kansa. Pancas= Ponca. Pancasa, Pancassa= Wichita. Pancaws= Ponca. Panches=Tabeguache., Pandoga, Pandouca—Comanche. Panea Republicans=Kitkehabki. Paneas= Pawnee. Paneassa= Wichita. Pa-nee=Chaui. PALOAS—PAOUTEES [B. A. B. Panego= Panequo. Pa-nel-a-kut=Penelakut. Paneloga, Panelogo, Paneloza=Comanche. Panemaha=Skid1. _ Panes= Pawnee. Panetoca, Panetonka=Comanche. Pangkaws, Patyka= Ponca. Path’ ka wacta’ye= Panhkawashtake Pani= Dakota, Pawnee. Pania= Ponca. Paniaisa= Wichita. Pania Loups=Skidi. Pania Lousis, Pania Luup=Skidi. Pania-Picque, Pania Pique= Wichita. Pania Republican=Kitkehahki. Panias= Pawnee. Panias Loups=Skidi. Panias proper, Panias propres=Chaui. Panias républicains, Panias Republican—Kitke- hahki. Paniassas= Wichita. Panies= Pawnee. Panimachas, Panimaha, Panimaha's, Pani-Mahaws, fetes hi, Panimakas, Panimalia, Panimalis= idi. Panimassas= Wichita. Panimoas, Panimoha=Skidi. Pan/-in= Pawnee. Panionassa, Paniouassa, Panioussa, Paniovasas= Wichita. Panipiques, Panipiquet, Paniques=Tawehash. Panis= Pawnee. Panis Blancs= Pani Blane, Pawnee. Panisciowa= Pineshow. Panislousa, Panismahans, Panis Mahas=Skidi Panis noirs, Panis piques= Wichita. Panis Republican= Kitkehahki. Panis ricaras= Arikara. Panivacha=Skidi. Pani-wasaba, Panjas= Wichita. Pan’-ka, Panka, Pan’ka"= Ponca. Pankapog= Punkapog. Pank unikaci® ga= Pankunikashinga. Pannacks, Pannah, Pannakees= Bannock. Pannamaha=Skidi. Pannaouamské, Panna8amski, Panna8anskeins, Pan- na8apské, Pannawanbskek= Penobscot. Panneh= Allakaweah. Panniassas= Wichita. Pannimalia=Skidi. Pann8anskeans= Penobscot. Panoirigoueiouhak= Pawating. Panomnik= Panamenik. Panouamké, Panouamsdé, Panotamské, Pan8am- ské= Penobscot. Panoucas=Comanche. Panoiimsqué, Panouske, Pan8umské= Penobscot. Panpacans= Panpakan. Panquiaug= Pyquaug. Pansacolas= Pensacola. Pantch pinunkansh=Chitimacha. Pa tdda= Pang. Pant-ham-ba=San Cristébal. Panther gens=Tangdhangtankaenikashika, Pantico, Panticoes, Panticoughs= Pamlico. Pants Mahas=Skidi. Panukkog=Pennacook. Panumits=Serranos. Pdan-wa= Pangwa. Panwapskik= Penobscot. Pan’-wa wiin-wi, Panwi winwui=Pangwa. Pany, Panyi= Pawnee. Panyi puca=Arikara. Panyi wagéwe= Wichita. Panys= Pawnee. Panzacola= Pensacola. Pa 0-bde’-ca=Salish. Paoducas=Comanche. Paola= Puaray. Paomet= Pamet. Paoneneheo, Paoninihiiu, Paonis= Pawnee. Paonte=Panthe. Paontetack= Pontetoc. Paoté=Iowa. Paouichtigouin, Paouitagoung, Paouitigoueieuhak= Chippewa. Paouitikoungraentaouak= Pawating. Paouitingouach-irini= Chippewa. | Paoutées, Paoutés, Paoutez—Iowa. BULL. 30] Papabi-cotam, Papabi-Ootam, Papa’bi-Otawas, Papa- bos, Papabotas= Papago. Papaconck= Papagonk. Papaga, Papagi, Papago-cotam, Pa-Pagoe, Papagoes= Papago. Papagonck= Papagonk. Papagoose, Papagos= Papago. Papagos Arenanos=Sand Papago. Papah-a’atam, Papahi-Ootam, Papah’o, Papahotas= Papago. Papajichic—Papagichic. Papajos, Papalotes, Papani, Papa-Otam, Papapootam, Papap Ootan, Papap-Otam= Papago. Papasquiara=Papasquiaro. Papavicotam, Papavos, Papawar, Papayos= Papago. Papechigunach= Restigouche. Papelotes= Pupago. Papenachois= Papinachois. Papia Louisis=Skidi. Papigo= Papago. Papikaha=Quapaw. Papillion=Skwailuh. Papinachaux, Papinaches, Papinachiois, Papinachi- 8ekhi, Papinakiois, Papinakois, Papinanchois, Pa- pipanachois, Papiragad’ek= Papinachois. Papitsinima= Dakota. Papivaches= Papinachois. Papka, Papkamiut= Kuskwogmiut. Pa’pk’um=Popkum. Paponeches= Papinachois. Papounan’s Town=Wyalusing. Papshpiin-‘léma=Kalispel. Paga’mali=Pakamali. Pa’-qga=Pakhtha. Paqocte, Pa’-qo-tce=Iowa. ° aaqpu’ iniqki‘acta= Pakhpuinihkashina. Pa-qu=Paako. Paquaanocke=Poquonnac. Paquakig=Pequawket. Paquanaug, Paquanick= Poquonnoc. Paquatauog= Pequot. Paquatuck, Paquatucke= Pawcatuck. Paquea= Piqua. Paquirachic= Pahuirachic. P’a-qu-lah= Pecos. Pa’-qu-te, Pa’qujsé=Iowa. Para=Puretuay. Parabuyeis=Tawehash. Parachoocla, Parachuctaus= Apalachicola. Paraconos= Pamuncoroy. Paracossi=Tocobaga. Paraji=Paraje. Paranagats=Paraniguts. Parant Utahs=Pahvyant. Paranukh=Shiywits. Paravan Yuta=Pahvant. Parawan Indians, Parawat Yutas=Paruguns. Paray=Puaray. Parblos= Pueblos. Pare aux Vaches=Pokagon. Parchacas=Parchaque. Parchiquis=Paachiqui. Pa-rees-car= Pariscar. Ear je-of-bh-phn-gi— Crows. Parkeeh=Siksika. Par-lar-nee= Pawnee. Par-le-sick= White People. Parocossi=Tocobaga. Partocae=Partocac. Par-too-ku=Comanche. Parusi= Paiute. Parvain, Parvan, Par Vans=Pahvant. Pasagoula= Pascagoula. Pasaju=Patzau. Pasamaquoda= Passamaquoddy. Pascaganlas, Pascagolas, Pascagoulas, Pasca Ogoulas, Pasca Oocolas, Pasca-Oocoolos= Pascagoula, Pascataquas=Piscataqua. Pascataway, Pascatawaye, Pascatoe=Piscataway. Pascatoe, Pascatoways, Pascattawaye—Conoy. Paschtoligmeuten, Paschtoligmjuten, Paschtoligmii- ten= Pastoligmiut. Paschtolik=Pastolik. Paschtuligmiiten= Pastoligmiut. Pascoboula, Pascogoulas= Pascagoula. Pascoticons=Conoy. Pasceg-na= Pascegna. Pasha= Paska. Pasheckna=Pascegna. Pashilqua, Pashilquia=Cayoosh Creek. PAPABI-COTAM—PATOW AMACK LELT Pashingmu= Pascegna. Pashéhan=Iowa. Pashtolegmutis, Pashtolits—Pastoligmiut. Paskagoulas, Paskaguna= Pascagoula. Pas-ke-sa= Poskesas. Paskwawiyiniwok=Paskawininiwug. Paso, Paso del Rio del Norte=E] Paso. Paspagolas= Pascagoula. Paspahegas, Paspahege, Paspaheghes, Paspaheigh= Paspahegh. Paspatank= Pasquotank. Paspatanzie=Pastanza. Paspihae, Paspihe= Paspahegh. Pasptanzie= Pastanza. Pasquasheck= Pasquasheck. Pasquenan=Pakana. Pasquenock, Pasquenoke= Pasquenoc. Pasqui=Tasqui. Pasquuasheck= Pasquasheck. Passacolas=Pensacula. Passadunkee= Passadumkeag. Passajonck, Passajongh, Passajonk—Passayonk. Passamacadie, Passamaquoda, Passamaquodda, Pas- Samaquoddies, Passamaquodie, Passamequado, Passammaquoddies= Passamaquoddy. Passaquenock, Passaquenoke= Pasquenoc. Passataquack=Piscataqua. Passayunck=Passayonk. Passemaquoddy, Passimaquodies— Passamaquoddy. Passinchan=Iowa. Passing Hail’s band=Ohanhanska, Passinogna= Pasinogna. Passo del Norte=E1 Paso. Passoi-Ougrin= Pasukdhin. Passonagesit= Massachuset. Pass-see-roo— Pasara. Pastalac, Pastaluc=Pastaloca. Pastalve=Pasalves, Pastannownas, Pasta-now-na=Castahana, Pastias=Pasteal. Pastol’iak, Pastol/iakh=Pastoliak. Pastolig’mut= Pastoligmiut. Pastoloca=Pastaloca. Pasuchis= Paiute. P’asuiap= Pojoaque. aasu’x¢i2, Pasukdhi==Pasukdhin. Pasuque= Pojoaque. Pasxa=Patzau. Patacales=Pastaloca. Patagahan, Patagahu, Patagua, Pataguan, tague, Pataguinta=Pataguo. Pa-taiina= Paw. Patamack= Potomac. Patanou= Potano. Pataquakes, Pataque=Pataguo. Patarabueges, Patarabueyes, Patarabuyes, Patara- byes=Tawehash. Patasce— Pataotrey. Patas-negras=Siksika. Patavo=Pataguo. Pat-a-wat=Batawat. Patawatamies, Patawatimes, Patawattamies, Pata- wattomies= Potawatomi. Patawe=Patwin. Patawoenicke, Patawomeck, Patawomekes=Poto- mac. Patchague= Patchoag. Patchal=Pachal. Patchawe=Patwin. Patcheena= Pacheenaht. Patchgatgoch=Scaticook. Patchica=Patica. Patchisagi— Apache. Patchogue= Patchoag. Patcina’ath= Pacheenaht. Pa-tco’-ka, Pa-tco’-ya-ja=Comanche. Pa-tdo’a=Pa. Pa-tdd’a= Pang. Patesick= Karok. Pa-tes-oh= Djishtangading. Paticos= Patica. Patih-riks= Karok. Patisch-oh=Djishtangading. Pat-ki-nyi-mij, Pat/-ki-wiin-wi=Patki. Patlapiguas=Potlapigua. Patomacs= Potomac. Patonca=Comanche. Patowamack, Patowmeck, Patowomacks, Patowo- meek, Patowomek= Potomac. Pa- i 1118 Patrantecooke= Pocomtuc. Patroniting Dach-Irini= Pawating. Patsjoe= Navaho. Patsuikets=Sokoki. Pattawatamies, Pattawatima, Pattawatimees, Patta- watimy, Pattawatomie, Pattawattamees, Patta- wattomies, Pattawattomis= Potawatomi. Pattawomekes= Potomac. Pattiwatima= Potawatomi. Pattsou=Patzau. Pa-tu-atami= Potawatomi. Patuckset=Patuxet. Pa-tith-ki, Pa’-tu-ka, Pajunke=Comanche. Pa/-tun wun-wu=Patung. Patusuc, Patuxite=Patuxet. Patuxunt= Patuxent. Patuyet=Patuxet. Patweens=Patwin. Pat-wish-a= Badwisha. Patzar=Patzau. Pauanas= Pawnee. Paucatuck, Paucatucke= Pawcatuck. Pa-uches= Paiute. Paucomtuck, Paucomtuckqut=Pocomtuc. Pa-u-da= Paiute. Pau-e-rats’= Pueblos. Paugasset= Paugusset. Pauhoochees= Iowa. Pauhuntanuck= Pauhuntanuc. Paukanawket=Pokanoket. Paukwechin= Panquechin. Pauline’s band=Walpapi. Paumet=Pamet. Paunaques= Bannock. Paunch Indians= Allakaweah. Paunee= Pawnee. Paunee Loups=Skidi. Paunee Piqié= Wichita. Paunee Republic= Kitkehahki. Pauns= Winnebago. Paiioirigoteieuhak, Pauoitigoueieuhak, Pauotigou- eieuhak= Pawating. Pauquatuck= Pawcatuck. Pauquiaug, Pauquog= Pyquaug. Pauray=Puaray. Pausanas= Pausanes. Pautawatimis, Pautawattamies, Pauteauamis=Pota- watomi. Pa-utes= Paiute. Pautuket= Wamesit. Pautuxuntes= Patuxent. Pau-Utahs= Paiute. Pauvans, Pauvante=Pahvant. Pauwagta=Pawokti. Pavant Utahs, Pavant Yuta=Pahvant. Pau-woc-te= Pawokti. Pauzanes= Pausanes. Pavilion, Pavillon=Skwailuh. Pa-vi-o-tsos= Paviotso. Pavlooskoi, Pavlovsk=Pavlof. Pavlovskaia= Kenai. Pavlovskoe= Pavlof. Pavlovsky gavan= Kodiak. Pawactas=Pawokti. Pawateeg=Pawating. Pawaustic-eythin-yoowuc=A tsina. Pawcompt= Pocomtuc. Pa-weapits= Pawipits. Pawha’hlita=San Ildefonso. Paweteké Wenenewak=Pawating. Pawgassett, Pawgasuck, Pawghkeesuck=Paugus- set. Pawi=Tagui. Pawichtigou-ek= Pawating. Pawik= Paugwik. Pawilkna=Coyoteros. Pawha’hlita=San Ildefonso. Paw-is-tick I-e-ne-wuck=Atsina, Pawistucienemuk=Atsina, Pawating. Pawistuck-Ienewuck= Atsina. Pawitagou-ek= Pawating. Pawkanawkuts= Pokanoket. Pawkeatucket= Pawcatuck. Pawkees=Siksika. Pawkunnawkuts= Pokanoket. Pawkunnawkutts=Pokanoket, Wampanoag. Pawlowskoje= Pavlof. Paw-luch= Palus. Pawmet=Pamet. Pawnawnees, Pawne= Pawnee. PATRANTECOOKE—PE-CLA [3B alae Pawnee=Lipan. 4 Pawnee Loup, Pawnee Loupes, Pawnee Maha, Paw- nee Mahaw, Pawnee Marhar, Pawnee Mohaw, Pawnee O’Mahaws, Pawneeomawhaw, Pawnee 0O’Mohaws=Skidi. Pawnee Pick, Pawnee Picts, Pawnee Piquas= Wichita Pawneer— Pawnee. Pawnee republic, Pawnee Republican= Kitkehahki. Pawnee-Rikasree=Arikara. Pawnees republic= Kitkehahki. Pawnee Tappage, Pawnee Tappahs, Pawnee Tap- paye=Pitahauerat. Pawnemaha=Skidi. Pawni, Pawnye= Pawnee. Pawpoesit= Poponesset. Pawtucket, Pawtucketts, Pawtukett= Wamesit. Pawtuxunt= Patuxent. Pawzas= Pawnee. Paxahitos= Pajarito. Paxatatch=Pajalat. Paxchales= Pachal. Pa’xodshe=lowa. Payuddo améti= Walapai. qaxu’ ux¢ir’de= Paghuukdhinpe Payabyeya=Payabya. Payaguanes= Payuguan. Payaguas=Payaya. Payahan=Payuguan. Payai=Payaya. Payairkets= Eskimo. Payalla=Payaya. Payangitchaki= Piankashaw. Payankatanks, Payankatonks=Piankatank. Payavan=Payaguan. Payay, Payayasa, Payayes=Payaga. Paycines= Paisin. Paygans=Piegan. Payin= Pawnee. Payi»-matha»’=Skidi. Payi"’qtci, Payingtsi=Chaui. Paymas= Pima. Paynutes, Payoche= Paiute. Pa-yo-go-na, Payoqona= Pecos, Payories= Peoria. Payseyas=Payasa. Paysim= Paisin. Paystravskoi= Eider. Payuaque=Pojoaque. Payuchas, Payuches, Payukue= Paiute. Payugan, Payuhan, Payuhuan=Payuguan. Payupki=Sandia. Payutas= Paiute. / Payutes= Paviotso. Payutsin dinné= Paiute. Paza, Pazac, Pazajo, Pazaju=Patzau. Pazaticans= Nussamek. Pazau, Pazaug, Pazhajo=Patzau. Pazuchis= Paiute. Pea= Wea. Peacemaker=Chizhuwashtage. Peach Orchard Town= Pakan-Tallahassee. Peacott= Pequot. Peadea= Pedee. Peagan, Peagin, Peaginou, Pe-ah-cun-nay=Piegan. Péahko= Pecos. Pe-ah’s band of Utes=Grand River Ute. Peahushaws, Peanghichia, Peanguicheas, Pean- guichias, Peanguischias, Peanguiseins, Peank- shaws, Peanquichas, Peanzichias Miamis=Pian- kashaw. Peaouarias= Peoria. Peaquitt, Peaquods, Peaquots= Pequot. Pearls-people=Kretan. Peau de Lievre= Kawchodinne, Peauguicheas= Piankashaw. Peaux de Liévres= Kawchodinne. Peaux d’Oreille=Kalispel. Pecaneaux=Piegan. Pecankeeshaws= Piankashaw. Pecan Point=Nanatsoho. Pecari= Picuris. Pecas= Pecos. Pecawa= Piqua. Peccos= Pecos. Pecegesiwag= Pashagasawissouk, Pechanga=Temecula. Pechir=Piechar. Peckwalket=Pequawket. Pe-cla=Peshla. ee ee OOO : | BULL. 30] Pe-cla-ptcetcela= Peshlaptechela. Peco= Pecos. Pecoates, Pecoats, Pequot. Pecompticks, Pecomptuk= Pocomtuc. Pecora= Picuris. Pecotts= Pequot. Pec-quan=Pekwan. Pecuarias= Peoria. Pecucio, Pecucis=Picuris. Pe-cuil-i-gui= Pek wiligii. Pecuri, Pecuries=Picuris. Pecuwési= Piqua. Pecyou= Peeyou. Pedadumies= Potawatomi. Pe-dahl-lu= Petdelu. Pedanis= Pawnee. Pedees=Pedee. Pedgans=Piegan. Peducas=Comanche. Pee-allipaw-mich= Puyallup. Peegans=Piegan. Pe’ekit= Nabukak. Peelig= Pilingmiut, Peel River Indians, Peel’s River Indians, Peel’s River Loucheux=Tatlitkutchin. Peenecooks=Pennacook. Peequots= Pequot. Pegan, Peganes, Pe-gan-o, Peganc-koon, Peganoo- eythinyoowuc= Piegan. Pegans=Chabanakongkomun. Pe ga’-zan-de= Nez Percés. Pegoa= Pecos. Pegods= Pequot. Peg8akki, Pegouakky= Pequawket. Pegoucoquias= Pepikokia. Pegwacket, Pegwackit, Pegwackuk, Pegwaggett, Pegwakets= Pequawket. Pehenguichias= Piankashaw. Pe-hi’-pte-¢i-la= Peshlaptechela. Pehires= Pehir. Pehqwoket= Pequawket. Peht-sau-an= Djishtangading. Peh-tsik= Karok. Pehumes= Peinhoum. Peici, Peicj]= Pecos. Peigans=Piegan. Peihoum, Peihoun=Peinhoum. Peiki=Siksika. Peikuagamiu=Piekouagami. Peimtegouet= Penobscot. Peisacho= Peissaquo. Pe-ji-wo-ke-ya-o-ti=Shoshoni. Pejodque= Pojoaque. Pekadasank= Pakadasank. Pe-kan-ne, Pekanne-koon= Piegan. Pe ya/-san-yse= Nez Percés. Pekash= Pequot. Peki/neni= Potawatomi. Pekoath, Pekoct, Pekot= Pequot. Pek8anokets= Pokanoket. Pek8atsaks— Pequot. Pekoweu= Piqua. Peku= Pecos. Pékuégi= Piqua. Pe’’kwilita’=Picuris. Pe-lac-le-ka-ha=Pilaklikaha. Pelagisia— Piankashaw. Pelajemén= White People. Pelaklekaha, Pelaklikhaha=Pilaklikaha. Prlatle=Pilalt. Pel’catzék= Pelkatchek. Pelchin=Pelchiu. Peledquey=Pilidquay. Pelican Lake band=Sukaauguning. Pe-j'ka-tcék= Pelkatchek. Pel-late-pal-ler, Pelloatpallah, Pelloat pal'ahs, Pel- lote-pal-ler= Paloos. Pelly Bay Eskimo=Sinimiut. Peloose, Pelouches, Pelouse, Pelouze=Paloos. Peluches= Apalachee. Pelus, Peluse=Paloos. Pema= Pima. Pematnawi=Lorette. Pembina band=Anibiminanisibiwininiwak. Pemblicos= Pamlico. Pem-bul-e-qua= Pebulikwa. Pemedeniek= Huron. Pemetegoit= Penobscot. Pecods, Pecoites, Pecoits= PF-CLA-PTCETCELA—PEORES 1119 Pemlico, Pemlicoe= Pamlico. Pemmaquid, Pemmayquid= Pemaquid. Pemos= Pima. Pemplico= Pamlico. Pempotawuthut, Pempotowwuthut=—Schodac. Pemptagoiett— Penobscot. Pemptico= Pamlico. Pems-quah-a-wa= Tippecanoe. Pemtegoit= Penobscot. Penacook= Pennacook. Pe-na-doj-ka= Penateka. Penagooge= Pennacook. Pe-nai’-na= Pawnee. Penakook= Pennacook. Penalahuts=Penelakut. Penal Apaches=Pinalefios. Pena’leqat, Penalikutson=Penelakut. Penandé, Pena/nde= Penateka. Penaquid= Pemaquid. Penard= Foxes. Penasco Blanca=Pefiasca Blanca. Penaské= Penobscot. Pen-a-tacker, Penatakas=Penateka. Penaubsket, Penboscots, Penboscut= Penobscot. Pengacola, Pengocolos= Pensacola. Pend d’Oreilles Lower, Pend d’Oreilles of the Lower Lake, Pend d’Oreilles of the Upper Lake= Kalispel. Pendena= Pinalenos. Pends-d’oreille, Pends Oreilles=Kalispel. Penduhuts= Penelakut. Penechon= Pineshow. Penecooke= Pennacook. Penelakas, Penelethkas, Penetakees, Penetakers, Peneteghka, Penetéka, Penetéka-Comanches, Pene-teth-ca, Penetethka, Penetoghkos, Penha- tethka, Pen-ha-teth-kahs, Pén’-ha-téth’-kas=Pe- nateka. Penichon= Pineshow. Penicoock, Penicook=Pennacook. Pén/ikis= Abnaki. Penikook= Pennacook. Peniteni= Pimitoui. Penition=Pineshow. Penkapog= Punkapog. Pen loca=Comanche. Pennacokes, Pennacooke, Pennagog, Pennakooks= Pennacook. Pennatuckets=Pentucket. Pennecooke, Pennekokes, Pennekook, Pennekooke= Pennacook. Pennelakas, Penne-taha, Pennetekas=Penateka. Pennicook, Pennikook= Pennacook. Pennobscot= Penobscot. Pennokook= Pennacook. Pennoukady= Passamaquoddy. Penny Cook, Penny-Cooke, Pennykoke= Pennacook. Penobesutt, Penobscotes, Penobscotts, Penobscut, Penobskeag, Penobsots= Penobscot. ’ Penol, Penoles= Acoma. ' Penon=E! Pefnion. Pensicola= Pensacola. Pentagoet, Pentagoiett, Pentagonett, Pentagouet, Pentag8et, Pentagouetch, Pentagovett, Pente- goét= Penobscot. Penticutt= Pentucket. P-r/ntlate=Puntlatsh. Penttakers= Penateka. Pentuckett=Pentucket. Pentug8et= Penobscot. Peoiras= Peoria. Peok8agamy=Piekouagami. Peola, Peonas, Peonies= Peoria. People in a Circle= Detsanayuka. People of the Desert= K wahari. People-of-the-flat-roof-houses=Querechos. People of the Fork= Nassauaketon. People of the Lake= Mdewakanton. People of the leaf, People of the Leaves=Wahpe- ton. People of the Leaves detached= Wahpekute. People of the Lowlands= Maskegon. People of the Pheasants=Sipushkanumanke. People of the Prairie= Paskwawininiwug. People of the River= Wahpeton. People of the Shot Leaf=Wahpeknte. People of the Willows=Havasupai. People of the Woods=Sakawithiniwuk. People that don’t Laugh=Kutaiimiks. Peores, Peorians, Peoryas= Peoria. 1120 Peouanguichias= Piankashaw. Peouarewi, Peouarias, Peouarius, Peowaroua, Peou- caria, Peoueria, Peouria, Péeouryas= Peoria. Peoutewatamie= Potawatomi. P’e’/paLénéx= Pepatlenok. Pe’pawiLéenoéx= Pepawitlenok. Pepchalk= Peepchiltk. Pepepicokia, Pepepoaké=Pepikokia. Pepht-soh= Djishtangading. Pepicoquias, Pepicoquis, Pepikokis, Pepikoukia= Pepikokia. Peptchorl= Peepchiltk. Pépua-hapitski Sawanogi=— Absentee. Pequa=Pequea. Pr’qaist= Pekaist. Pequakets= Pequawket. Pequants= Pequot. Pequanucke= Poquonnuc. Pequaquaukes= Pequawket. Pequatit, Pequatoas, Pequatoos, Pequatt= Pequot. Pequauket, Pequawett=Pequawket. Pequea= Piqua. Pequeag= Pyquaug. Pequeats= Pequot. Pequehan=Pequea. Pequente, Pequents, Pequetans, Pequets, Pequett, Pequid, Pequims, Pequin, Pequite, Pequitoog, Pequitts, Pequoadt, Pequod, Pequoids, Pequoite, Pequoits= Pequot, Pequot= Nameaug. Pequote, Pequotoh, Pequoyts= Pequot. Pequt Nayantaquit—Niantic. Pequts, Pequtt, Pequttéog, Pequuts, Pequuttoog, Peqvats, Peqwit= Pequot. Perces= Nez Percés. Pergniak, Perignak, Perignax=Pernyu. Periqua= Perigua. Permavevvi= Pimitoui. Perocodame=Terocodame. Perouacca, Perouarca, Peroueria= Peoria. Perriu, Perun=Tionontati. Pescagolas= Pascagoula. Peskadam8kkan, Peskadam-ukotik, Peskadaneeouk- kanti, Peskamaquonty= Passamaquoddy. Pe-sla= Peshla. Pe-sla-ptecela= Peshlaptechela. Pesmaquady, Pesmocady, Pesmokanti, Pés-ta-mo- katiGk—= Passamaquoddy. Pestriakof, Pestriakovo, Pestriakowskoje, Pestrya- kovskoe= Eider. ; Pestumagatick= Passamaquoddy. Pétaa-kwe=Aiyaho. Pe-ta-ha/-ne-rat= Pitahauerat. Petaluma—Chokuyem. Péta® énikaci‘ka=Petanenikashika. Petaro= Petao. Petawomeek= Potomac. Petaz, Petgares=Petao. Petchisagi= Apache. Pé-tdoa=Pé. Petenegowat Pah-Utes= Petenegowats. Peterarwi, Peteravak, Peteravik—Pituarvik. Pethahanerat, Pethowerats=Pitahauerat. Petikokias=Pepikokia. Petit Corbeau’s band=Kapozha. Petite Nation, Petite Nation des Algonquins= Wes- karini. Petit Osage= Utsehta. Petits Algonquins=Weskarini. Petitscotias=Pepikokia. Petit-sick=Karok. Petits Os=Utsehta. Petit Talessy=Talasse. Petit Zo=Utsehta. Petlenum=Chokuyem. Petonaquats=Petenegowats. Pe-tou-we-ra= Pitahauerat. Petowach, Petowack=Pituarvik. Pe’tqa® i‘niqk acie’a=Petkhaninihkashina. Petquottink= Pequottink. Petsaré=Petao. Pe’ 4se iniyk‘aci»’a= Kanse. Petsikla=Karok. Pet-tan-i-gwut= Petenegowats. Pettikokias= Pepikokia. Pettquotting= Pequottink. Petuneurs=Cayuga. Petuneux=Tionontati. Petzare=Petao. PEOU ANGUICHIAS—PIJMOS [B. A. E. Peuple de Faisans=Sipushkanumanke. Pewins= Winnebago. Pe+ x/-gé=Jicarilla. . Peyakwagami= Piekouagami. Peyaya=Payaya. Pey metes Utahs= Paiute. Pey-utes= Paviotso. Pe-zhew= Besheu. Pethi-wokeyotila—Shoshoni. Pezo= Pissuh. Pez Perces=Nez Percés. Phalacheho= Palacheho. P’hallatillie=Tubatulabal. Phampleco= Pamlico. Pharaona, Pharaones=Faraon. Pheasants=Shiyotanka. Philip’s Indians= Wampanoag. P’ho, P’ho doa= Po. P’Ho-juo-ge=San Ildefonso. Phonecha= Pohoniche. P’ho-se= Poseuingge. P’Ho-zuang-ge= Pojoaque. Pia=Sia. Piagouagami= Piekouagami. Piah band=Grand River Ute. Piakouakamy, Piakuakamits=Piekouagami. Pialeges= Kailaidshi. Pianaua=Pinawa. Piancashaws, Piangeshaw, Pianguichia, Pianguisha, Piankashaws, Piankaskouas, Piankeshas, Pianke- shaws, Piankichas, Piankishas, Piankshaws, Pian- quicha, Pianquiches, Pianquishaws=Piankashaw. Pianrias, Piantias= Peoria. Piaqui= Pahquetooai. Pi-auk-e-shaws, Piawkashaws=Piankashaw. Pi-ba=Sa. Pi-ba nyi-mt, Piba winwi, Pib-wun-wii=Piba. Pic= Wichita. Pi’-ca= Pisha. Picaneaux, Picaneux= Piegan. Picanipalish= Puyallup. Picaris, Piccuries=Picuris. Pichar, Pichares=Piechar. Picheno= Pischenoas. Pichmichtalik= Pikmiktalik. Pichons= Pisquows. Pichouagamis= Piekouagami. Pi-ci’-kse-ni-tup’-i-o=Shoshoni. Pickan= Piegan. Pickar= Piechar. Pickawa, Pickaway, Pickawee, Pickawes= Piqua. Pickawillany=Pickawillanee. Pickovagam= Piekougami. Pickpocket= Pequawket. Picks= Wichita. Pickwacket, Pickwocket= Pequawket. Pigl/-kwi-tsi-aus’= Pith] kwutsiaus. Picoris= Picuris. Picos= Piro. Picoweu, Picque= Piqua. Picqwaket= Pequawket. Pictoris=Picuris. Picts=Pickawillanee. Picuni, Picuri, Picuria, Picuries, Picux=Picuris. Picwocket= Pequawket. Pidees= Pedee. Piecis= Pecos. Piedes= Paiute. Piedgans=Piegan. Pieds-noirs=Siksika. Pie Edes, Pi-eeds= Paiute. Piekané, Piekann=Piegan. Piekouagamiens, Piekovagamiens—Piekouagami. Pierced-nose= Nez Percés. Pierced Noses=Iowa, Nez Percés. Pietmiektaligmiut=Pikmiktalik. Pieutes= Paiute. Pigans=Piegan. Pigeon Roost=Padshilaika. Piggwacket, Pigocket, Piguachet= Pequawnet. Piguicanes= Piguiques. Pigwachet, Pigwacket, Pigwackitt, Pigwocket, Pig- woket, Pigwolket= Pequawket. Pihir= Pehir. Pihniques= Piguiques. Pi/h-tca=Pihcha. Pihuiques=Piguiques. Pijiu=Pissuh. Pijmos= Pima. BULL. 30] Pikani=Piegan. Pik-cak-ches=Pitkachi. Pike=Siksika. Pi’-ke-e-wai-i-ne—Jicarillas. Pikhta=Pikta. Pikierloo=Pikirlu. Pi-ki-il-t’¢e= Pikiiltthe. Pikiudtlek= Pikiutdlek. Pikiulaq=Pikiulak. Pikkawa= Piqua. Pikmigtalik= Pikmiktalik. Pikmikta’ lig-mut=Pikmiktaligmiut. Pikogami=Piekouagami. Pikoweu= Piqua. Pi-kun-i= Piegan. Pikuria= Picuris. Pilabo, Pilaho—Socorro. Pilgans=Piegan. Pillar Rock=Tlalegak. Pilleurs, Pilliers=Pillagers. Pilopué=Socorro. Pimahaitu= Pima. Pimai/nis=Pemainus. Pimal= Pinalefos. Pima-Papabotas= Papago. Pimas Bajos, Pimas de el Sur—Nevome,. Pimases= Pima. Pimas frijoleros= Papago. Pimas Gilenos, Pimas Ilenos, Pime, Pimera, Pimes, Pimese= Pima. f Pimeteois= Pimitoui. Pimez, Pimi, Pimicas= Pima. Pimikshi= Pinalefios. Piminos=Pemainus. Pimitconis, Pimiteoui, Pimiteouy=Pimitoui. Pimo, Pimo Galenos, Pimoles, Pimos Illios—Pima. Pimytesouy=Pimitoui. Pin-a-au= Pinawan. Pinal, Pinal Apachen, Pinal Apaches, Pinalino, Pinal Lenas, Pinal Leno, Pinal Llanos=Pinalefos. Pinals Apaches= Pinal Coyotero. Pinana, Pi-na-ua, Pi/-na-wa=Pinawan. Pimbigo', Pinbigo¢ine, Pin bifé‘, Pin bito‘dine‘=Pin- bitho. Pinchon, Pinchow=Pineshow. Pinchy=Pintce. Pinclatchas=Pilaklikaha. Pincos= Pima. Pine-Band=Wazikute. Pinechon= Pineshow. Pin-e-hoo-te= Pinhoti. Pineifu=Chepenafa. Pine Indians= Natchez. Pinelores, Pinery=Pinalefios. Ping-gwi= Picuris. Pingoshugarun, Pinguishugamiut=Pinguishuk. Ping-ul-tha=Picuris. Pinichon= Pineshow. Pininéos= Pinini. Pininos= Pima. Piniocagna= Pimocagna. Piniscas= Acolapissa. Pinkeshaws= Piankashaw. Pinnancas= Pinanacas. Pinnekooks= Pennacook. Pinneshaw= Pineshow. Pinoleno, Pinolero, Pinoles, Pinol-Indianer, Pinols, Pinon Lanos, Pinon Llano Apaches—Pinalefios. Pinoshuragin= Pinguishuk. Pintadi=Pintados. Pintado= Pueblo Pintado. Pintagoné= Penobscot. Pintahs=Paviotso. Pintos=Pakawa. Pinuélta=Picuris. Piohum=Peinhoum. Piorias= Peoria. Piou=Peinhoum. Piouanguichias= Piankashaw. Piowaroua= Peoria. Pip=Piba. Pi-pas, Pipdtsje= Maricopa. Pipos-altos= Pima. Piquachet=Pequawket. Piquag=Pyquaug. Piqua Town=Pequea. Piquaug= Pyquaug. Piqued=Pequea. Piquiag—= Pyquaug. Piquitin=Vitic. Pir, Pira, Piri= Piro. 3456—Bull. 30, pt 2—07——71 PIKANI—POAM POMO 1121 Pirigua= Perigua. Pirj= Piro. Pirnas= Pima. Piruas= Piro. Pisacack= Pissacoac. Pisanomo=Perinimo. Piscahoose= Pisquows. Piscao= Pescado. Piscaous= Pisquows. Piscataquaukes=Piscataqua, Piscataway, Piscatawese=Conoy. Piscatchecs= Pitkachi. Piscatoway, Piscatowayes, Piscattawayes=Conoy. Piscattoway=Piscataway. Piscatua=Conoy. Pischoule, Pischous=Pisquows. Pisch quit pas=Pishquitpah. Piscous= Pisquows. Pisgachtigok=Scaticook. Pishakulk= Dakota. Pishekethe= Psakethe. Pishgachtigok—Scaticook. Pishiu= Besheu. Pishquitpaws, Pishquitpows=Pishquitpah. Pisht, Pishtot, Pishtst=Pistchin. Pishwanwapum= Yakima. Pisierinii, Pisirinins= Nipissing. Piskwas, Piskwaus=Pisquows. Pispiza-wi¢asa=Pispizawichasha. Pisquitpahs, Pisquitpaks=Pishquitpah. Pisquous, Pisquouse= Pisquows. Pissacoack= Pissacoac. Pissaseck, Pissassack, Pissassees— Pissasec. Pisscattaways=Conoy. Piss-cows= Pisquows. Pist-chins= Pistchin. Pistol Rivers=Chetleschantunne. Pi-ta’/-da= Pawnee. Pitagoriciens, Pitagoricos=Pythagoreans. Pitahawirata=Pitahauerat. Pitanisha, Pi-tan’-ni-suh=Tubatulabal. Pitanta=Serranos. Pitavirate Noisy Pawnee tribe, Pitavirate Noisy tribe= Pitahauerat. Pit-cach-es, Pit-cat-chee, Pitcatches, Pitchackies— Pitkachi, Pitchaya-kuin=Pitchaya. Pitchiboucouni, Pitchiboueouni, Pitchibourenik. Pitchinavo= Wichita. Pit-cuch-es= Pitkachi. Pitehiboutounibuek= Pitchibourenik. Pitiaches= Pitkachi. Piticado= Peticado. Pitit Creek= Koiskana. Pit-kah’-che, Pit-kah’-te= Pitkachi. Pi'tona‘kingkainapitcig— Beton ukeengainubejig. Pit River Indians=Shastan Family. Pitt River Indians=Palaihnihan Family, Shastan Family. Pi-u-chas= Paiute. Pi-utah= Paviotso. Piute= Paiute. Pi-utes= Paviotso. Piute Snakes= Paiute Snakes. Piva=Piba. ’P’ kai’st= Pekaist. Pkiwi-léni= Miami. Pkqul-lu’-wa-ai’-t’¢e=Pkhulluwaitthe. Pku-u’-ni-uqt-auk’= Pkuuniukhtauk. Plaikni=Paviotso. Plai’‘kni= Klamath, Modoc. Plain Assineboins=Assiniboin of the Plains. Plain Crees= Paskwawininiwug. Plainfield Indians—Quinebaug. Planidores=Coaque. Plankishaws=Piankashaw. Planwikit=Playwickey. Plascotez de Chiens, Plat cété de Chien, Plats cotee de Chiens, Plats-cétes-de-Chien—Thlingchadinne, Plats-cétés-de-chien du fort Raé—Lintchanre. Plats-cétés de Chiens, Plats cotez de Chiens=Thling- chadinne. Playsanos=Gabrielefio. Pleasant Point—Sebaik. Pleureurs=Coaque. Pluie (Lac la) Indians=Kojejewininewug. P. Machault= Venango. Poala=Puaray. Poam Pomo=Ballokai Pomo. Pitchib8renik— 1122 Poanin=Apache. Pobalo= Pueblos. Pobawotche Utahs=Tabeguache. Poblagon= Poblazon. Po-ca-gan’s village, Pocagons Vill. = Pokagon. Pocan= Ponca. Pocanakets, Pocanakett, Pocanauket, Pocanawkits, Pocanoket, Pocanokit= Pokanoket. Pocasicke, Pocassett, Pocassitt—Pocasset. Pocataligo= Pocotaligo. Pocatocke, Poccatuck= Pawcatuck. Pochapuchkung= Pohkopophunk. Po chis hach cha= Potchushatchi. Pochoug, Pochoughs=Patchoag. Po-chuse-hat-che= Potchushatchi. Pociwi winwi=Poshiwu. Pockaguma=Piekougami. Pockanockett, Pockanoky=Pokanoket. Pockentallahassee, Pockentalleehassee= Pakan-Tal- lahassee. Pockonockett= Pokanoket. Pockuschatche= Potchushatchi. Pocompheake, Pocomptuck, Pocomtakukes, Pocom- tock, Pocomtuck= Pocomtuc. Pocontallahasse= Pakan-Tallahassee. Pocotaligat= Pocotaligo. Pocou aie Pocoughtronack = Bocootawwo- nauke. Pocumptucks, Pocumtuck= Pocomtuc. Pocuntullahases= Pakan-Tallahassee. Po-da-waud-um-ee, Po-da-waud-um-eeg = Potawat- omi. Podunck=Podunk. Poenese= Pawnee. Poeomtucks= Pocomtuc. Poes= Potawatomi. Pofuaque= Pojoaque. Poga, Poge= Kuapooge. Po-ge-hdo-ke= Nez Percés. Pogodque= Pojoaque. Pogouaté, Poguaque, Poguaté=Paguate. Po-hah= Washakie’s Band. Po-ha-ha-chis= Pohoniche. Pohanti= Paguate. Pohas= Bannock. Poh-bantes= Pahvant. Poh-he-gan= Mahican. Poéhoi= Washakie’s Band. Pohoneche, Po-ho-ne-chees, Pohoneechees, neich-es, Po’ ho-ni-chi= Pohoniche. Po-hua-gai=San Ildefonso. Pohuaque= Pojoaque. Pohuniche= Pohoniche. Poils leué= Missisauga. Pointe des Esquimaux= Esquimaux Point. Pointed Hearted Indians, Pointed Hearts—Skitswish. Point Pinos=Guayusta. Point Pleasant=Sebaik. Poissons blancs=Attikamegue. Poitoiquis= Poitokwis. Pojake, Pojanque, Pojanquiti, Pojaugue— Pojoaque. Pojnati= Pajuate. Po-jo= Pohoi. Pojoague, Pojodque, Pojouque, Pojuague= Pojoaque. Pojuaque=Paguate, Pojoaque. Pojuate, Pojuato— Paguate. Po-juo-ge, Po-juo-que=—San Ildefonso. Pokagomin=Pokegama. Po-ka-guma= Pokegama. Pokahs=Washakie’s Band. Pokanacket, Pokanocket= Pokanoket. Pokanoket= Wampanoag. . Pokanokik= Pokanoket. Po-ke-as= Poskesas. Pokeesett= Pocasset. Po-ke-gom-maw, Pokeguma= Pokegama. Poke-koo-un’-go= Unami. Po-ken-well, Po-ken-welle= Bokninuwad. Pokeset, Pokesset=Pocasset. Poketalico— Pocotaligo. Pokkenvolk= Hopi. Pokomtakukes, Pokomtock= Pocomtuc. Pokonatri= Pohoniche. Pokoninos, Po-kon-wel-lo= Bokninuwad. Pokwadi, Po’kwoide= Pojoaque. Polachucolas= Apalachicola. Polagamis=Tubatulabal. Polanches= Paloos. Pole-Cat band= Hokarutcha. Pole people=Wazikute. Po-ho- POANiN— POSONWU [Bese Pollachuchlaw= Apalachicola. Pollotepallors=Paloos. Polokawynahs=Tubatulabal. Polonches= Paloos. Poliksalgi= Biloxi. Polulumas= Pomulumas. Pol-we-sha= Badwisha. Poma poma, Poma pomo, Pomas=Ballokai Pomo. Pomecock, Pomeiock, Pomeioke, Pomejock=Po- meioc. Pomo= Pima. Pomonick, Pomouik= Pomouic. Pomparague= Pomperaug. Pona= Misesopano, Puna. Ponacks= Bannock. Ponacocks, Ponacoks= Pennacook. Ponanummakut= Potanumaquut. Ponarak= Dakota. Ponars= Ponca. Ponashita, Ponashta= Bannock. Poncahs, Poncan, Poncar, Poncarars, Poncaras, Pon- care, Poncares, Poncaries, Pon/cars, Poncas, Pon- caw, Ponchas= Ponca. Ponchestanning=Punxsutawny. Ponch Indians=Allakaweah. Poncrars, Poncye= Ponca. Pond D’Oreilles, Pondecas, Pondera, Ponderays, Pond Orrilles, Ponduras= Kalispel. Pone Pomos=Ballokai Pomo. Pongkaws, Pongs, Poniars= Ponca. P’onin=Apache. Ponis= Pawnee. , Ponishta Bonacks= Bannock. Ponka, Ponkahs, Ponkas= Ponca. Ponkeontamis= Potawatomi. Ponkipog= Punkapog. Ponobscot, Ponobscut= Penobscot. Po-no-i-ta-ni-o—Cheyenne, Southern. Pononakanit= Punonakanit. Pons, Ponsars= Ponca. Ponteatamies, Pontedtamies, Pontewatamis, Ponto- wattimies, Poodawahduhme= Potawatomi. Pooemocs= Puimuk. Pooesoos= Puisu. Po-o-ge= Kuapooge. Poogooviliak, Poogovellyak= Puguviliak. Poo-joge=San Ildefonso. Poollachuchlaw= Apalachicola. P6-o-mas=Siksika. Poong-car= Ponca. Poonook= Punuk. Poor= Honowa. Poo-reh-tui-ai= Puretuay. Poosoonas= Pusune. Popaghtunk= Papagonk. Popcum=Popkum. Popeloutechom= Popelout. Popinoshees= Papinachois. Popolo Bruciato—Tzenatay. Popponeeste, Popponessit— Poponesset. Poquannoc, Poquannock= Poquonnoc. Poquaté= Paguate. Poquatocke, Poquatucke= Pawcatuck. Pore-Epic Nation=Piekouagami. Poquonock= Poquonnoc. Porcupine=Tukkuthkutchin. Porcupine People=Piekouagami. Porcupine River Indians=Tukkuthkutchin. Porcupine Tribe= Kakouchaki. Port de la Heve=Le Have. Port Graham= Alexandrovsk. Port leue’/= Missisauga. Port Madison=Suquamish. Portobacco, Porto-Back, Portobacke, Portobaco= Po- topaco. ‘ Port Orchard=Dwamish, Suquamish. Port Orford=Kosotshe. Port Orford Indians=Kaltsergheatunne, Kwatami. Port Orfords= Kaltsergheatunne. Port Stuart Indians= Ahealt. Port Tabago= Potopaco. Port Townsend=Chimakum, Poruches= Wiminuche. Poscoiac= Pasquayah. Po-se= Poseuingge. Po-si’-o, Posiwuu, Po’-si-wi wun-wi=Poshiwu. Pos-ke-as= Poskesas. Poskoyac=Pasquayah. Posociom= Upasoitac. Posonwii, Posowe=San Ildefonso. BULL. 30] Po-suan-gai= Pojuaque. Pota-aches= Potoyanti. Potameos Indians—Tututni. Potan=Potam. Potanons= Wea. Potanou= Potano. Potanumcecut= Potanumaguut. Potapaco, Potapoco=Potopaco. Potatik= Poodatook. Potatoe=Ahalakalgi. Potato Town=Nununyi. Potatuck= Poodatook. Potauncak= Potaucao. Potavalamia= Potawatomi. Potavou= Potano. Potawahduhmee, Potawatama= Potawatomi. Potawatamie tribe of Indians of the Prairie—Prairie band of Potawatomi. Mire ’ Potawatamis, Potawatimie, P6-ta-wa-td’-mé— Pota- watomi. Potawatomies of St. Joseph=St Joseph. Potawattamies, Potawattimie, Potawattomies, Pota- watumies, Po-ta-waw-tod/-me, Po-ta/-wét me, Po- tawtumies= Potawatomi. Po-tdéa, P’o-tdéa=Po. ; Potenumacut, Potenummecut=Potanumaquut. Poteotamis, Potéoiiatami, Poteouatamis, Potewata- mies, Potewatamik= Potawatomi. Potick, Potik—Potic. Potiwattimeeg, Potiwattomies— Potawatomi. Potoachos, Potoancies, Potoencies— Potoyanti. Potomack Indians, Potomeack— Potomac. Po-tosh’, Potowatameh, Potowatamies, mies= Potawatomi. Potowmack= Potomac. Potowotamies= Potawatomi. Potoyantes, Po-to-yan-to, Poto-yau-te= Potoyanti. Pottawatameh, Pottawataneys, Pottawatimies, Pot- tawatomies, Pottawattamies, Potta-wat-um-ies, Pottawaudumies, Pottawotamies, Pottawottomies, Pottewatemies, Pottiwattamies, Pottowatamies, Pottowatomy, Pottowattomies, Pottowautomie, Pot- towotomees= Potawatomi. Potzua-ge= Pojoaque. Pou= Potawatomi. Poualac, Poualak, Poualakes= Dakota. Pouan= Winnebago. Pouanak= Dakota. Powankikias=Piankashaw. Pouarak= Dakota. Pouderas= Kalispel. Poueatamis, Poués, Pouhatamies— Potawatomi. Pouhatan= Powhatan. Poujuaque= Pojoaque. Poukas= Ponca. Poulteattemis, Poulx, Poulx teattemis, Pous, Pou- tauatemis, Poutawatamies, Poutawottamies, Pou- téamis, Potiteaotiatami, Pouteatami, Pouteatimies, Pouteauatamis, Pouteotamis, Pouteotiatami, Pou- teouatamiouec, Poute8atamis, Pouteouatimi, Pou- teouetamites, Pouteouitamis, Pouteouotamis, Pou- teouatamis, Poutewatamies, Poutoualamis, Poutoii- amis, Poutouatamis, Poutouatamittes=Potawa- tomi. Poutoucsis= Biloxi. Poutouotamis, Poutouwatamis, Poutowatomies, Pou- tuatamis, Poutwatamis, Pouutouatami, Poux, Pouz= Potawatomi. Povantes=Pahvant. Povate= Paguate. Povoli=Buli. Povuate= Paguate. Powakasick= Pocasset. Powcatuck= Pawcatuck. Powcomptuck=Pocomtuc. Powebas= Kawita. Powells town= Withlako. Powhatanic confederacy, Powhattans= Powhatan. Powhawneches= Pohonichi. Powhoge=San Ildefonso. Powmet=Pamet. Powquaniock= Poquonnoc. Powtawatamis, Powtewatamis, Powtewattimies, Pow- towottomies= Potawatomi. Poxyuaki= Pojoaque. P’oyam=Poiam. Poye-kwe= Poyi. Poytoquis, Poytoquix=Poitokwis. Poze=Potre, Potowato- PO-SUAN-GAI—PUK-TIS’ 1123 Pozos de Enmedio= Posos. Po-zuan-ge, Pozuang-ge, Pozuaque= Pojoaque. Prairie Apaches= Kiowa Apache. Prairie Chicken clan=Seechkaberuhpaka, Sipush- kanumanke. Prairie-Crees= Paskwawininiwug. Prairie Grossventres= A tsina. Prairie-hen people=Seechkaberuhpaka, Sipushka- numanke, Prairie hens=Sipushkanumanke. Prairie Indians=Paskwawiriniwug, Prairie Kieck- apoo. Prairie Wolf=Shomakoosa. Prairie-W olf People= Mandhinkagaghe. Premorska, Premorski=Chnagmiut. Prescado= Pescado. Prickled Panis= Wichita. Priest’s Rapids=Sokulk. Primahaitu= Pima. Primoske, Prinoski=Chnagmiut. Printed Hearts=Skitswish. Projoaque= Pojoaque. Prominent Jaws=Oqtogona. Pronaria, Pronereas, Pronevoa= Peoria Prophet’s Town=Tippecanoe. Protasso, Protassof, Protassov— Morzhoyoi. Prouaria= Peoria. Provate=Paguate. Province de Sel, Provincia de la Sal—Coligoa. Pruara=Puaray. Psaupsau=Patzau. Pschwan-wapp-am=Shanwappom. Pshawanwappam= Yakima. Pshwa/napim=Shanwappom. Psinontanhinhintons, Psinoutanhhintons—Psinou- tanhinhintons. Pt. Coweta= Kawita. Pte-yute-cni, Pte-yute-sni— Pteyuteshni. Pti’/tek= Petutek. Ptuksit= Munsee. Puaguampe=Pahvant. Puala=Puaray. Puallip, Puallipamish, Pualli-paw-mish, Pualliss= Puyallup. Pudnag, Puans= Winnebago. Puants=Metsmetskop, Winnebago. Puara, Puarai, Puary=Puaray, Pucaras—Arikara. Puc-cun-tal-lau-has-see= Pakan-Tallahassee. Puckanokick= Pokanoket. Puckantala, Puckautalla, Puckuntallahasse= Pakan- Tallahassee. Pudding River Indians=Ahantchuyuk. Pueble Blanco= Pueblo Blanco, Pueblo Colorado=—Pueblo Pintado, Tzemantuo, Wukopakabi. Pueblo de Jumanos= Pueblo de los Jumanos. Pueblo de las Canoas—Shuku. Pueblo de las Ruedas= Kuuanguala, Pueblo de las Sardinas=Cicacut. Pueblo de los Santos Apostoles San Simon y Judas= Upasoitac. Pueblo de los Siete Arroyos=Tenabo. Pueblo de Montezuma, Pueblo de Ratones= Pueblo Pintado. Pueblo de Shé=She. Pueblo de Tunque=Tungge. Pueblo Ganado= Wukopakabi. Pueblo Grande=Kintyel, Pueblo Pintado. Pueblo of the bird=Tshirege. Pueblo quemado=Tzenatay. Pueblos of the Médano= Medano. Pueblo viejo=Oapars. Puerito= Puerto. Puerta de la Purisima Concepcion=Concepcion. Puerta San Felipe=San Felipe. Puertecito=Waputyutsiama. Pugallipamish, Pugallup= Puyallup. Puget Sound Group=Chimakuan Family, Salishan Family. Pughquonnuck= Pauquaunuch. Pugupiliak= Puguviliak. Puiale= Puyallup. Pui’--mim=Puimem. Pu’-i-mok=Puimuk. ujuaque—Paguate, Pojoaque. ujuni=Pusune. Pukaist’/= Pekaist. Puk-tis’/=Omaha, 1124 PULACATOO—QOATSE [B. A. BE Pulacatoo=Pulakatu. Qaisla’=Kitamat. Pulairih—Shastan Family. Q!a’/ketan= Ankakehittan. Pullaeu, Pul-la/-ook—Unalachtigo. Qak’sineé= Kaksine. Pulpenes, Pulpones=Bolbone. Qa-lak’w’/=Khalakw. Puma= Pima. Qala’/ltq=Hellelt. Pumames, Punanes= Punames. Qalda/ngasal= Huldanggats. Pi-nan’/-nyu-mu=Puna. Q’ale’ts= Kutleets. Pun-ash, Punashly= Bannock. Qalgui/tga’ xet gitina/i— Kahlguihlgahet-gitinai. Pii-na/wun-wu=Puna. Qa/logwis= Kalokwis. Punca, Puncah= Ponca. Qa/itcalan=Kahltcatlan. Puncapaugs, Puncapoag=Punkapog. Q'attcane’di=Kahltcanedi. Puncas, Puncaw, Punchas, Punchaws= Ponca. Qalto, Qaltso¢ine= Khaltso. Punckapaug=Punkapog. Qalukwis— Kalokwis. Puncksotonay=Punxsutawny. Q’anikilaq=Qanikilak. Pi/n-e= Puna. Qa’pnish-‘léma=Topinish. Pungelika=Erie. Qapqapetlp= Kapkapetlp. Punjuni=Pusune. Qa’qamatses= Hahamatses. Punka= Ponca. Qa-qa-to"-wa"= Chippewa. Punkapaog, Punkapoge, Punkepaog, Punkipaog, Qa’ qawatilik‘a—Kakawatilikya. Punkipoag, Punkipog= Punkapog. ; Qaqio’s=Kekios. Punknot=Tukpafka. Qaq!o’s hit tan—Kakos-hit-tan. Punkotink= Pungoteque. Qa-quima=Kiakima. Punkqu=Punkapog. Qa-ra-ta’ nu-man’-ke— Kharatanumanke. Pun-naks= Bannock. Qarmang=Karmang. Punquapoag, Punquapog=Punkapog. Qarmaqdjuin=Karmakdjuin. Punta=La Punta. Qarussuit=Karusuit. _ Punt-ledge=Puntlatsh. Q’ash-tré-tye=San Felipe. Pun-ye-kia=Encinal. Qassigiaqdjuaq—Kiassigiakd) uag. Punyistyi= Punyeestye. Q!a/sta qe’gawa-i= Daiyuahl-lanas. Punyitsiama=Cubero. Qa’/tcadi=Katcadi. Puotwatemi= Potawatomi. Qatcxa/na-ak!=Katchanaak. Pura=Puretuay. Q!a’tgu hit tan—Ketgohittan. Purames=Punames. Q!a/tkaayi= Katkaayi. Puray=Puaray. Qatq!wa/aitu=Katkwaahltu. Purblos, Purbulo= Pueblos. Qaudjuqdjuaq—Kaudjukdjuak. Purificacion= Halona. Qauitcin=Cowichan. Purisima Concepcion=Cadegomo, Concepcién de | Qauitschin=Salishan Family. Nuestra Sefiora. Qaumauang=Kaumauang. Purisima de Babicora=Babiacora. Qaupaws=Quapaw. Purisima de Zuni= Zuni. Qawi’/ltke= Wiltkun. Pur-tyi-tyi-ya—Casa Blanca. Qawpaw=Quapaw. Puruai, Puruay=Puaray. Q¢asi ux¢in, Qdhasi ukdhi=— Khdhasiukdhin. Pushune= Pusune. Q!eckunuwu=Keshkunuwu. Pu/-shush= Puisu. Qeqertaujang=Kekertaujkang. Pu-sit-yit-cho=—Casa Blanca. Qrk'wai/akin= Kekwaiakin. Pusuaque=Pojoaque. Qé/tamix=Kedlamik. Pusuna= Pusune. Qrila’tl=Kelatl. Putavatimes, Putawatame, Putawatimes, Putawato- | Qé/les=Keles. mie, Putawawtawmaws= Potawatomi. Qr/lkEtos= Kelketos, Pu’te-ko-hu= Puchkohu. Qe-mini-tca", Qemnitca=Khemnichan. Putewata, Pttewataday, Putewatimes=Potawa- | Qé/nipsen=Kenipsim. tomi. Qén-tdoa=Kang. Putos=Copeh. Qé’qaes=China Hat. Putowatomey’s, Puttawattimies, Puttcotungs, Putte- | Qeqertaqdjuin—Kekertakdjuin. watamies, Puttowatamies, Puttwatimees—Potawa- | Qeqertaujang=Kekertaujang. tomi. Qeqgerten= Kekerten. Puukon winwu=Puukong. Qeqertuqdjuag—Kekertukjuag. Pu/-un-t’¢i-wa/-tn= Puuntthiwaun. Qé/qios= Kekios. Puyallop, Puyallupahmish, Pu-yallup-a-mish, Pu- | Qetlk’oan— Hehlkoan. yalip= Puyallup. Qeuontowanois=Seneca. Puyatye=Tano. Qeyata-oto"we, Qeyata-to-wa"— Kheyataotonwe. Puyon= Winnebago. Qeyata-witcaca— Kheyatawichasha. Puzhune, Puzlumne=Pusune. Qézonlathit—Kezonlathut. Pwacatuck, Pwoakatuck, Pwocatuck, Pwockatuck, | Qiassigiaqdjuag—Kiassigiakdjuag. Pwouacatuck= Pawcatuck. Qichun= Yuma. Pyanai= Modoc. Qicinzigua—Gyusiwa. Pyaklékaha=Pilaklikaha. Qid¢ énikaci’ya—K hidhenikashika. Pyankashees, Pyankeeshas, Pyankehas, Pyanke- Qidneliq=Kidnelik. shaws, Pyankishaws= Piankashaw. Qimissing = Kimissing. Pyatonons= Wea. Qinaboags, Qineboags— Quinebaug. Py-eeds, Pyentes= Paiute. Qingaseareang— Kingaseareang. Pyquaag, Pyquag=Pyquaug. Qingmiktug= Kingmiktuk. Pyros= Piro. Qingua= Kingua. Pytoguis= Poitokwis. Qinguamiut= Kinguamiut. Py-ute=Paviotso. Stonepioke— aaa Q’i-ra-vash=Querecho. A P = Qi-ta/nu-man’-ke= Khitanumanke. Qa-am-o te-ne=Khaamotene. Qivitung=Kivitung. Qa’age—Kaake. | ae Qltla/sEn=KItlasen. Qacka" qatso, Qacka qatso¢gine— Khaskankhatso, Q’ma/shpal=Skitswish Qaclij, Qaclijni= Khashhlizhni. Qmé ckoyim Qmuski/Em= Musqueam Qa/gials qé/gawa-i= Kagials-kegawai. Qnicapous— Kick apoo ‘ Qa gutl—K wakiutl. Qnivira—Quivira. Qahatika—Quahatika. Qoaiastems= K waustums. Qa-idju—Kaidju, a ; Q’oa/Lna=Koatlna. Qai’-dju qegawa-i= Kaidju-kegawai. Qoa’ltca—Koalcha. Qailertetang=Khailertetang. Q’oa/px= Koapk. Qa-i-na-na-i-té yinné’/= Khainanaitetunne. Qoasi/la=Goasila. Qaiskana’/=Koiskana, Qoatse=K watsi. BULL. 30] Qodlimarn= Kodlimarn. Qoé’qoaaindx= Koekoaainok. Qoé’qomatixo= Homalko. Q’oe/téndx= Koetenok. Qoé’xsot’éndx= K oeksotenok. Qo-ganlani= K hoghanhlani. Qoiastems= K waustums. Qoi’k:axtendx= Koikahtenok. Qoigoi= Koikoi. Qoke’dé= Hokedi. Qolé’/lagom= Kolelakom. Q’0’ Lénéx= Kotlenok. Q’0’m’éndx= Komenok. Q’o/mk-utis= Komkyutis. Q’o/moyue= Komoyue. Q’o/mqutis=Komkutis. Qona’/= Kona. Qonaga‘ni= K honagani. Qo-on’-qwit-3in/né= Khoonkhwuttunne. Qo-Qai’a= Kokaia. Q’0’qa-itx= Kokaitk. Qordlubing= Kordlubing. Q‘o’-sa yin’-né= Khosatunne. Qo’sqémox, Qésqimo= Koskimo. Qo’-ta-tci= K hotachi. Qotiskaim=Kotlskaim. Qotl’-ta-tce’-tcé= K hotltacheche. Qouarra=Quarai. Qo’ute nas :had’a’i= Kouchnas-hadai. Qq’uéres=Keresan Family. Qra=Khra. Qra’ hun’-e=K hrahune. Qra’ yre’-ye= Khrakreye. Qra’ pa ¢a®= K hrapathan. Qra’-qter= Nachiche. Qsa/loqul= Ksalokul. Qsa/psEm=Ksapsem. Qset-so-kit-pee-tsée-lee=Shipaulovi. Qsonnontoans, Qsonnontonans, Qsonontouanes=Sen- eca. Qta/-lat-li’ yinné=Khtalutlitunne. Qtlumi= Lummi. Quaahda=K wahari. Quaasada=K oasati. Quabaag, Quabaconk, Quabage, baug. Quabajais, Quabajay—Serranos. Quabakutt, Quabaog, Quabaquick, Quabauke, Qua- boag, Quaboagh, Quabog, Quaboug=Quabaug. Quachita= Ouachita. Quach-snah-mish=Squaxon. Quack= Aucocisco. Quack-ena-mish=Squaxon. Quackeweth, Quackewlth, Quackolls=K wakiutl. Quacksis= Foxes. Qua-colth=K wakiutl. Quacoratchie, Quacoretche=Quacoshatchee. Quacos=K wakiutl. Quaddies, Quaddy Indians= Passamaquoddy. Quadodaquees, Quadodaquious= Kadohadacho. Quadoge, Quadoghe= Huron. Quados—= Huados. Quadroque=Atrakwaye. Quagheuil= K wakiutl. Quaguina= Kiakima. QuahadaComanches, Quahadas, Quahade-Comanches, Quaha-dede-chatz-Kenna, Qua-ha-de-dechutz-Ken- na, Quahades=K wahari. Quahkeulth=K wakiutl. Qua-ho-dahs= K wahari. Quah-tah-mah, Quah-to-mah= K watami. Quaiantl=Quinaielt. Quaiirnang= K uaiirnang. Quai-iunough=Guauaenok. Quai-l-pi= Walpi. Quaineo= Waco. Qua-i-nu=Guauaenok. Quaitlin=K wantlen. Qua-kars= Komoyue. Quakeweth=K wakiutl. Quakoumwahs, Quakouwahs= K watami. Quak-s’n-a-mish=Squaxon. Quakyina=K wakina. Qualatche=Qualatchee. Quale=Guale. Qualhioqua= K walhioqua. Qualicum=Saamen. Qualioguas=K walhioqua, Quallatown=Qualla. Quabagud=Qua- QODLIMARN—QUE-LAI’-WLT | 1125 Qualliamish, Quallyamish=Nisqualli. Qual-quilths=K wakiutl. Qualquioqua=K walhioqua. Quamitchan=Cowichan. Quanatusset—Quantisset. Quandarosque=Ganeraske. Quanis Savit=San Juan Capistrano. Quanmu=Quanmugua. Quannepague=Quinebaug. Quanoatinno, Quanoatinos, Quanoouatinos, Quanou- atins= Kanohatino. Quans= Kansa. Quansheto=Conchachitou. Quantisick—Quantisset. Quant-lums=K wantlen. Quanusee=Tlanusiyi. Quanutusset=Quantisset. Quapas, Quapau, Quapaws-Arkansas, Quapois, Quap- pas, Quappaws=Quapaw. Quaquima, Readein Kiakima. Quaquiolts= K wakiutl. Quara, Quarac=Quarai. Quarlpi—Colville. Quarra=Quarai. Quarrelers=Kutchin, Tukkuthkutchin. Quarrellers=Tukkuthkutchin. Quarro=Quarai. Quarrydechocos=K wahari. Quartelexo—Quartelejo. Qua-saw-das= K oasati. Quash-sua-mish=Squaxon. Quasmigda=Bidai. Quasosne=Saint Regis. Quasquens= Kaskaskia. Quasson tribe= Manamoyik. Quataquois, Quataquon= Kiowa Apache. Quat-china= K wakina. Quate=Guale. Quathlahpohtles, Quathlahpothle, Quathlapohtle=Cathlapotle. Quathl-met-ha=Comeya. Quatiske, Quatissik—(Quantisset. Qua’tl=Kwantlen. Quatoges, Quatoghees, Quatoghies, Quatoghies of Loretto= Huron. Quatokeronon=Sauk. Quatomah, Qua-tou-wah=K watami. Quatseeno, Quatsenos=Quatsino. Quatsinas=Goasila. Quat-si-nu=Quatsino. Quattamya=K watami. Quataenog=—Guauaenok. Quaupuaw=Quapaw. Quawbaug, Quawbawg=Quabaug. Quaw-guults=Kwakiutl. Quawlicum=Saamen. Quawpa=Quapaw. Quawpaug=Quabaug. Quawpaw=Quapaw. Quaw-she-lah=Goasila. Quaxule=Guasuli. Qua-ya-stums= K waustums. Quayneos= Kannehouan. Quazula= Ute. Qube= Khube. Quga pa sa"= Khudhapasan. Qu¢gagqtsi i’niyqk‘acir’a— Hangkautadhantsi. Qiu¢ iniyk‘acir’a—Hangkaahutun. Queackar= Komoyue. Queakhpaghamiut=K weakpak. Quebaug=Quabaug. Quebec of the Southwest= Acoma. Quebira=Quivira. Queeakahs, Quee-ha-ni-cul-ta—Kueha. Quee ha Qna colt, Quee-ha-qua-coll— Komoyue. Queékagamut=K wikak. Queenapaug=Quinebaug. Queenapiok, Queenapoick— Quinnipiac. Queen Charlotte’s Island=Skittagetan Family. Queen Hester’s Palace or Town=Sheshequin. Queenhithe, Queen Hythe, Queenioolt=Quinaielt Queerchos=Querechos. Queesché= Paguate. Queets, Queet-see= Quaitso. Quehatsa= Hidatsa. Quehts=Quaitso. Quejotoa, Quejoton=Quijotoa. Quejuen=Tulkepaia. Que-lai’-wlt=Quileute. Quathlahpotle 1126 Quelamoueches, Quélancouchis, Quelanhubeches= Karankawa. Quelelochamiut=K weleluk. Quellehutes—Quileute. Quelotetreny=Quelotetrey. Quelquimi=Quelqueme. Quemado= Pueblo Quemado. Quemalisi—Santa Teresa. Quemaya4=Comeya. Quemults=Quinaielt. Quenait chechat, Que-nait/-sath—=Makah. Quenebage, Quenebaug=Quinebaug. Quenebec Indians= Norridgewock. Quenepiage, Quenepiake= Quinnipiac. Queniauitl=Quinaielt. Quenibaug=Quinebaug. Quenipisa= Acolapissa. Quenishachshachki= Queenashawakee. Quenistinos=Cree. Que’-ni-ult, Quenoil, Quenoith=Quinaielt. Quenongebin= Keinouche. Quenopiage=Quinnipiac. Quenté=Kente. Queoués coupées= Kishkakon. Quepas, Queppa=Quapaw. Quera=Keresan Family. Querchos, Querechaos, Quereches, Querehos=Que- rechos. Querepees= Quinnipiac. Querelleurs=Tukkuthkutchin. Queres, Quereses=Keresan Family. Quéres Gibraltar= Acoma. Querez, Quéris=Keresan Family. Queristinos=Cree. Queros=Keresan Family. Querphas=Quapaw. Quer’quelin=Nayakololay. Querra=Quarai. Quesadas, Queseda= K oasati. Quesnel, Quesnelle Mouth—Chentsithala Quetahtore=Carrizo. Queues coupées=Kishkakon. Quevenes= Kohani. Quevindoyan=Ossossane. que Vira=Quivira. Quevoil=Quinaielt. Queyches= Kichai. Queyugwe, Queyugwehaughga—Cayuga. Quezedans= K oasati. Quhlicum=Saiimen. Qui a han less= K weundlas. Quiamera=Guayoguia, Mecastria. Quiaquima, Quia-Quima=Kiakima. Quiarlpi=Colville. Quia-shi-dshi= Kiashita. Quia-tzo-qua=Kiatsukwa. Quiaviquinta=Quiviquinta. Quibira=Quivira. Quiburio=Quiburi. Quicama, Quicamopa=Quigyuma. Quicapause, Quicapons, Quicapous= Kickapoo. Quicasquiris= Wichita. Quichaais, Quichais, Quicheigno, Quiches= Kichai. Quichuan= Kiowa. Quicimas=Quigyuma. Quicinzigua=Gyusiwa. Quick-sul-inut=Koeksotenok. Quicoma, Quicona=Quigyuma. Quicunontateronons=Tionontati. Quidaho= Kichai. Qui-dai-elt—Quinaielt. Quidehaio, Quidehais= Kichai. Quieetsos=Quaitso. Quie ha Ne cub ta=Kueha. Quiemltutz=Tionontati. Quiennontateronons=Tionontati, Westkarini. Quiennontaterons=Nipissing. Quietaroes=Coyoteros. Quieuindohain, Quieuindohian=Ossossane. Quigata=Quigaute. Quigualtanji, Quigualtanqui, Quiguas—Quigalta. Quiguata, Quiguate=Quigaute. Quigyamas, Quihuimas=Quigyuma. Quiilla=Coila. Quilahutes=Quileute. Quilaielt=Quinaielt, Quila’pe=Willopah. Quilcene=Colcene. Quilehutes=Quileute. QUELAMOUECHES—QUISQUATE [B. A. B, | Quilh-cah=Guhlga. Quiliapiack, Quilipiacke=Quinnipiac. Quil-i-utes, Quillahyute, Quillayutes, Quillehetes, Quil-leh-utes=Quileute. Quilleoueoquas, Quillequaquas, Quillequeoqua=K walhioqua. Quilleutes, Quilleyutes, Quillihute—Quileute. Quillipeage, Quillipiacke, Quillipieck, Quillipiog, Quillipiuk, Quillipyake=Quinnipiac. Quilliutes, Quilloyaths—Quileute. Quillypieck= Quinnipiac. Quilochugamiut=K wilokuk. Quil-si-eton—K wilsieton. Quimac=Quigyuma. Quimado= Pueblo Quemado. Qui’/-me=Cochiti. Quimipeiock= Quinnipiac. Quimis=Quems. Quinabaag, Quinaboag—Quinebaug. Qui-nai-elts, Quin-aik, Qui-nai-lee, Quin-aitle, Quin- aiult, Quinaiutl=Quinaielt. Quinaoutoua=Quinaouatoua. Quinapeag, Quinapeake=Quinnipiac. Quinaquous= Kickapoo. Quinault, Quinayat=Quinaielt. Quincapous= Kickapoo. Quinchaha=K winak. Quinebage, Quineboag=Quinebaug. Quinechart= Makah. Quinehaha, Quinehahamute—K winak. Quinepage=Quinebaug. Quineres, Quinets= Karankawa. Quinetusset= Quantisset. Quingas= Keresan Family. Quingo— Venango. Quingoes= Cayuga. Quingoi= K wingyap. Quinhaghamiut= K winak. Quinibaug, Quinibauge=Quinebaug. Quinielt, Quiniilts, Quinilts, Quiniltz—Quinaielt. Quinipiac— Quinnipiac. Quinipisas, Quinipissa= Acolapissa. Quinipieck, Quinipiuck= Quinnipiac. Quiniquissa= Acolapissa. Quinira=Quivira. Quiniult, Quiniutles=Quinaielt. Quinnabaug=Quinebaug. Quin-na-chart, Quinnechant, Quinnechart=Makah. Quinnepaeg, Quinnepas, Quinnepauge, Quinnepiack, Quinne-py-ooghq, Quinnipauge, Quinnipiak, Quin- nipiéucke, Quinnipiog, Quinnipioke=Quinnipiac. Quinnipissas= Acolapissa. Quinnopiage— Quinnipiac. Quinnuboag=Quinebaug. Quinnypiag= Quinnipiac. Quinnypiock, Quinnypiog, piace. Quinguimas=Quigyuma. Quinshaatin= K wilchana. Quinskanaht, Quinskanht= Koiskana. Quinsta=Gyusiwa. Quintay, Quinte—Kente. Quinticoock=Connecticut. Quinults=Quinaielt. Quinypiock—= Quinnipiac. Quiocohanocs, Quiocohanses=Quioucohanoc. Quioepetons= Wahpeton. Quiohohouans= Kiowa. Quiopetons= Wahpeton. Quiouaha, Quiouahan= Kiowa. Quioyaco= Quiotraco. Quipana= Pawnee, Kipana. Quipano= Pawnee. Quiqualtangui, Quiqualthangi—Quigalta. Quiquimas, Quiquimo, Quiquionas=Quigyuma. Quiquogas=Cayuga. Quirasquiris= Wichita. Quirepeys= Quinnipiac. Quires, Quirex, Quiria—Keresan Family. Quiriba—Quivira. Quiripeys=Quinnipiac. Quirireches=Querecho. Quiriribis= Huirivis. Quirix, Quiros=Keresan Family. Quirotes=Quirogles. Quiscate=Quiscat. Quiseyove=Quisiyove. Quis-kan-aht= Koiskana. Quisquate=Quiscat. Quillequeognas, Quinopiocke= Quinni- BULL. 30] Quitcac=Cuitoat. Quitepcomuais, Quitepiconnae=Tippecanoe. Quitoa, Quitoac—Cuitoat. Quitobac=Bacapa. Quitobaca=Quitovaquita. Quitoeis= Kichai. Quitoks=Quitoles. Quito Vaqueta=Quitovaquita. Quitres, Quitreys=Kichai. Quits=Quaitso. F Quitseigus, Quitseings, Quitseis, Quituchiis=Kichai. Quitways= Miami. Quitxix, Quitzaene—Kichai. Quiuira, Quiuiriens—Quivira. Quiumziqua, Quiumzique, Quiunzique—Gyusiwa. Quiuquuhs=Cayuga. Quiusta—Gyusiwa. Quivera, Quivica, Quivina, Quivire, Quivirans, Qui- virenses=Quivira. Quivix=Keresan Family. Quiyone=Koiaum. Quiyonghcohanock, Quiyougcohanocks, Quiyough- cohanock, Quiyoughqnohanocks=Quioucohanoc. Quizi= Kichai. Qujanes= Kohani. Qumault=Quinaielt. Qundj-ala"— Khundzhalan. Qune’tcin= Kunechin. Qin-e’-tcu-3a’—K hunetchuta. Q’0/-ni-li-i’-kqwit=Khuniliikhwut. Qunk-ma-mish= K weht]mamish. Qunnipiéuk, Qunnipiuck, Qunnipiug, Qunnippiuck= Quinnipiac. Qunnubbagge=Quinebaug, Qunjsé= K hunditse. Quoanantino= Kanohatino, Quoaquis—Coaque. Quoboag, Quoboge—Quabaug. Quodadiquio=Kadohadacho. Quoddies, Quoddy Indians= Passamaquoddy. Quoisillas=Goasila. Quoitesos=Quaitso. Quo-kim=Cajuenche. Quonahasit, Quonahassit=Conohasset. Quonantino=Kanohatino. Quoneashee=Tlanusiyi. Quonoatinnos=Kanohatino. Quoquoulth=K wakiutl. Quoratem=K woratem. Quor-ra-da-chor-koes= K wahari. Quotoas=K wotoa. Quouan=Kohani. Quouarra=Quarai. Quppas=Quapaw. Quqoa’q=Kukoak. Ququ/lEk'=Kukulek. Qurachtenons= Wea. Qusisillas—Goasila. Quss-kan-aht= Koiskana. Qusutas—Ute. Qiuts hit tan—Kutshittan. Quunnipieuck= eetauipine. Qu-win’-kqwit=Khunkhwuttunne. Quya=Khuya. Quyegu jinga—K huyeguzhinga. Quyunikacinga—Husada. Qvinipiak= Quinnipiac. Qvivira=Quivira. Qwai’ctin-ne’ yin’/né=Khwaishtunnetunne. Qwa'-s‘ a-a/-tin=Khosatunne. Qwapaws=Quapaw. Qwa’/qwat/=Hwahwatl. Qwec’ yinné=Khweshtunne. Qweenylt=Quinaielt. Q!wé’qolen=Nayakololay. Qwe’q"sot !enox"=K oeksotenok. Qwikties= Miami. Qwiltca’na=Kwilchana. Qwin’-ctiin-ne’-tin=Khwaishtunnetunne. Qwic-tcu/-migl-tiin 3in/né=Kaltsergheatunne. Qwii/lh-hwai-pim=Klikitat. Qwin-rziin’/-me=Khwunrghunme, Rabbitskins=Kawchodinne. Raccoon= Mikaunikashinga. Raccoons Village= White Raccoon’s Village. Rackeaway= Rockaway. Racoon Village=White Raccoon’s Village. Racres=Arikara. QUITCAC—RED PEOPLE 1127 Ra-dro-y9e= Rathroche. Radiqueurs—Shoshoko. Raguapuis—Bagiopa. Rahum=Rahun. Raicheshnoe= Riechesni. Rain Pueblo=Chettrokettle. Rainy-lake Indians= Kojejewininewug. Raiz del Mesquite= Mesquite. Ral-la-wat-sets= Kalawatset. Ramaya=Santa Ana. Ramocks= Rancocas. Rampart=Maynook, Rampart Indians=Trotsikkutchin. Ramushouuog=Ramushonogq. Rancheria de la Pasion de Tucavi=Tucavi. Rancheria de los Gandules= Moenkapi. Rancherias de la Pasion= Pasion. Rancherias de Santa Coleta=Santa Coleta. Rancho Hediondo= Hediondo. Rancokas=Rancocas. Rancokeskill=Ramecock. Rankokas=Rancocas. Rankokus Kill>Ramcock. Rapahanna, Rapahanocks= Rappahannock. Rapahos= Arapaho. Rapid Indians=Atsina. Rappahanoc= Rappahannock. Rappaho= Arapaho. Ra-ra-to-oans, Ra-ra-t’wans—Chippewa. Heretangh, Raritangs, Raritanoos, Raritanus=Rari- an. Rarondaks= Adirondack. Rasaoua-koueton=Nassauaketon. Rasauweak=Rasawek. Rasbi/nik= Razboinski. Rascal, Rascal Indians=Tututni. Rascals’ Village—Sotstl. Rassawck, Rassaweak, Rassawek—Rasawek. Rat Indians=Tukkuthkutchin, Vuntakutchin. Ratirintaks— Adirondack. Rat-je Kama Tse-shu-ma=Haatze. Rat nation=Wazhush. Ratones= Pueblo Raton. Rat people= Vuntakutchin, Rat River Indians=Tukkuthkutchin, Rat tribe= Kake. Ra-tya, Rat-ye Ka-ma Tze-shuma=Haatze. Rain=Rahun. Raven= Petchalerulipaka. Raventown=Kalanuyi. Ravin Indians=Crows. Ra-we’ qa’ ye=Rawekhanye. Rawe/yapa= Pochotita. Rayados=Tawehash. Raychevsnoi=Riechesni. Raymneecha= Khemnichan. Rayouse=Cayuse. Razbinsky, Razboinik= Razboinski. Rehich-ée/di= Hokedi. Real de Bacanuchi=Bacanuchi. Real de Nacosari= Nacosari. Rea Ratacks=K likitat. Recars=Arikara. Rechahecrians, Rechehecrians—Cherokee. Recheshnaia= Nikolski. Rechgawawanc, Rechkawick, Rechkawyck=Man- hattan. Rechkewick, Rechouwhacky, Rechowacky = Rocka- way. Reckawancks, Reckawawanc, Reckewackes, Reck- gawawanc= Manhattan. Reckheweck= Rechquaakie. Reckkeweck, Reckkouwhacky, Reckomacki, Reck- onhacky, Reckowacky= Rockaway. Redais=Bidai. Red Apaches= Apache. Redcaps=Opegoi. Red crayfish=Chakchiuma. Red eagle=Tsishuwashtake. Red Fox= Foxes. Red Grounds=Kanchati. Red House=Chichilticalli. Red Indians=Beothukan Family. Red Jacket Village=Tekisedaneyout. Red knife, Red-knife Indians, Red Knives=Tatsa- nottine. Red lobsters=Chakchiuma. Redoubt St. Michael=St. Michael. Red people=Suwuki Ohimal. 1128 Red Round Robes=Mokumiks. Red Shield=Mahohivas. Red-stick= Mikasuki. Red Town=Chichilticalli. Red Water band=Itazipcho, Minisha. Red Willow Indians=Taos. Red Wing=Khemnichan, Redwood Indians= Whilkut. Redwoods=Huchnom. Ree=Arikara. Reed= Kushiksa. Reese River Indians=Nahalgo. Refugio= Nuestra Sefiora del Refugio. Re’/-ho=Tuluka. Reiners= Foxes. Re-ka-ras, Re-ke-rahs=Arikara. Rek-qua=Rekwoi. Remedios Banamichi= Banamitzi. Reminica Band= Khemnichan. Remkokes= Rancocas. Remnica, Remnichah= K hemnichan. Renais= Foxes. Renapi= Delaware. Renards= Foxes. Renarhonon= Arendahronons. Renars, Renarz= Foxes. Renecuey=Senecu. Re-nis-te-nos=Cree. Renni Renape= Delaware. Republic, Republican, Republican Pawnees, Répub- | liques= Kitkehahki. | Requa=Rekwoi. Retchechnoi= Nikolski. Rewechnongh= Haverstraw. Reweghnoncks= Manhattan. Reyataotonwe= K heyataotonwe. Reyes de Cucurpe=Cucurpe. Reynards= Foxes. Rhagenratka—Neutrals. Rhea=Arikara. Rhiierrhonons= Erie. Riana= Kiowa. Ricapous= Kickapoo. Ric’-aras, Ricaree, Ricaries, Ricaris, Ricars, Ric-ca- ras, Riccaree, Riccarrees= Arikara. Rice Indians= Menominee. Rice Makers= Munominikasheenhug. Richara=Arikara. Richibouctou=Richibucto. Rich Prairie Dog= Achepabecha. Rickapoos= Kickapoo. Rickaras, Rickarees, Rickerees= Arikara. Rickohockans=Cherokee. Rickrees, Ricora= Arikara. Riechesnoe= Nikolski. Ri-ga-ta-a-ta-wa— Kheyataotonwe. Rigibucto= Richibucto. Rigneronnons, Rigueronnons= Erie. Rihit= Ponca. Rikaras, Rikkara=Arikara. Ri-kwa=Rekwoi. Rinak=Rirak. Rinconada= Aritutoce. Rio Grande de Espeleta=Oraibi. Riquehronnons= Erie. Ris=Arikara. Rishebouctou, Rishebucta= Richibucto. Rising Sun Folks, Rising Sun men= Etheneldeli. Ristigouche, Ristigutch= Restigouche. Rito de los Frijoles=Tyuonyi. Rittenbenk=Ritenbenk. River Crows= Minesetperi. River Indians= Mahican. River that flles=Wakpokinyan. Rjatscheschnoje=Nikolski. Road Indians= Ninnipaskulgees. Roakeway= Rockaway. Roasters= Dakota. Robber Indians= Bannock. Robbers= Pillagers. Roccamecco= Rocameca. Rocher de Bout= Roche de Beeuf. Ro’é’/hilit= Eskimo. Rockamagug, Rockamecook= Rocameca. Rockaway=Rechquaakie. Rockeway= Rockaway. Rock Indians= Kumbatuash. Rock of Katzimo= Katzimo. Rocks=Jatonabine. RED ROUND ROBES—SACKS [BrAsa Rockway=Rockaway. Rocky Mountain Indians=Nahane, Sekani, Rocomeco= Rocameca, Rodinunchsiouni= Iroquois. Roger's river, Rogue Indians=Tututni. Rogue River=Shasta, Takelma, Tututni. Rogues= Pillagers. Rogue’s River=Tututni. Roil-roil-pam=K likitat. Roinsac= Kaskaskia. Rolling Bullet=Huhliwahli. Romanons= Romonans. Rondax, Rondaxe= Adirondack. Roode Huis=Chichilticalli. Rooktsu=Roktsho. Rooptahee, Roop-tar-ha, Roop-tar-har—Ruptari. Rooskoos Tokali= Pooscoostekale. Root Diggers=Ditsakana, Shoshoko. Root-Eaters=Ditsakana, Shoshoko, Yambadika. Rop-tar-ha= Ruptari. Roquai=Noquet. Roque-choh= Roktsho. Rosa Hawicuii= Hawikuh. Rosario—Jiaspi, Santa Rosario. Rosario Nacameri= Nacameri. Roskeemo= Koskimo. Rothfisch-Manner=Tluskez. Rouameuo= Rocameca. Rouinsac= Kaskaskia, Round Heads=Tétes de Boule. Round town people= Yuchi. Roving Dakotas=Gens du Large. Rowanans= Romonans. Rrayados=Tawehash. Rsarsavina=Sobaipuri. Ruas=Tigua. Ruhptare=Ruptari. Ruibnaia=Ribnaia. Rumachenanck= Haverstraw. Rumsenes, Rumsien, Runcienes=Rumsen. Runicas=Tunica. Runsenes, Runsienes= Rumsen. Runsiens= Moquelumnan, Salinan family. Rugtea=Rukhcha. Ruslen=Rumsen. Ru/-tce=Ruche. Ru/-tce yin-e= Rucheyine. Ru-tcke= Ruchke. Ruzany=Busanic. a Rxo/-yi-nés’ tinné/— Rghoeyinestunne. Ryawas= Kiowa. Rybnia=Ribnaia. Rychesnoi= Nikolski. Rye-Grass-Seed-Eaters—= Waradika, Ryuwas= Kiowa. Sda-Kaalituck—Saukaulutuchs. Saakies=Sauk. Sa-akl— Yaquina. Sa-ak-ti-ka-i—Saticoy. Saalis—Salish. Saanitch=Sanetch. Sa-aptin=Nez Percés. Sa-arcix, Sa arsey=Sarsi. Saaskies, Saasskies=Sauk. Sababish=Samamish. Sabacola—Sawokli. Sabaguis=Sobaipuri. Sabanoes=Shawnee. Sablez—Sable. Sabsh=Samish. Sabstnisky=Uglovaia. Sabuagana Gutas, Sabuaganas=Akanakwint. Sacalanes=Saclan. Sacatone=Sacaton. Saccanesset=—Succonesset. Saccung=Sawcunk. Sacenong=Saginaw. Sachap=Satsop. Sachdagughroonaw, Sachdagughs= Powhatan. Sachertelontin=Zakatlatan. Sachet=Skagit. Sachi=Sauk. Sachimers=Sakumehu. Sa-chinco, Sa-chin-ko= Tait. Sackanoir= Lakmiut. Sackawee’-thinyoowuc=Sakawithiniwuk. Sacket=Skagit. Sacks=Sauk. i intel BULL. 30] Sackung=Sawcunk. Sacky=Sauk. Sa¢l’-réq-tin=Sathlrekhtun. Sac-me-ugh=Sakumehu. Sacoes, Saco Indians=Sokoki. Sacona=Jacona. Saconet=—Saconnet. Sacramantenos, Sacramento Apaches= Mescaleros. Sacs=Sauk. Ay); Sacunck=Sawcunk. 1 Sddalsomte-k‘iago= Kiowa Apache. Sadamon, Sadamons=Sadammo. Saddals—Skaddal. Seadju’gal la’nas—Sadjugahl-lanas. Sadujames=Sadammo. Saeckkill=Sack hoes. Sae-lies=Salish. Saelis=Chehalis. Selé=Tepehuane. Sa-essau-dinneh= Etheneldeli. Sagachiganirini8ek—Sagaiguninini. Sagadahock—Sagadahoc. Sagahrganirini, Sagaiganinini=Sagaiguninini. Sagamore John’s Town=Mishawum. Sag-a-na-gi—Delaware. ° Saganaws=Saginaw. Sagans—Sugeree. Sagantwaga - wininiwak = Sugwaundugahwinine- wug. Staga’nusili—Sagangusili. Sagaseys—Sauk. Sagavog=Sagavok. Sagayayumnes=Sakaiakumne. Sagte’=Sagi. Sagennom=Soyennow. Sage-nom-nis—Sagenomnas. Sagetaen-né=Chiricahua. Saghadellautin—Zakatlatan. Sagina, Saginang—Saginaw. Sagitawawininiwag—Sagewenenewak. Sagiwa=Sauk. Sagkonate—Saconnet. Saguaguana=Akanaquint. Saguanés=Shawnee. Saguaripa=Sahuaripa. Saguina, Saguinam, Saguinan, Saguinau=Saginaw. Saguna= Laguna. Sagus, Sagust=—Saugus. S. Agustin=Oiaur. S. Agustin del Pueblito de Tucson, S. Agustin de Tuson=Tucson. S. Agustin Oiaur=Oiaur. Sagwandagawinini, Sagwandagawininiwag — Sug- waunduganwininewug. Sahagi= Dakota. Sahagungusili—Sagangusili. Sahajugwan alth Lennas=Sadjugahllanas. Sahantila—Siksika. Sahapotins, Sahaptain, Sahaptan, Sahaptanian=Nez Percés. Sahaptin=Nez Percés, Waiilatpuan Family. Sahaptins=Waiilatpuan Family. Sahawahmish=Sahewamish. Sa-he’—Cree. Sahehwamish=Sahewamish. Sah-halah=Shahala. Sah haptinnay= Nez Percés. Sahhihwish=Sahewamish. Sahi’yena—Cheyenne. Sah-ku-méhu=Sakumehu. Sahlalah=Silela. Sahmamish=Samamish. Sahmish=Samish. Sahnchecontuckquet=—Sanchecantacket. Sah-nels=Shanel. Sahnikans= Assumpink. Sahohes, Sa-hone=Saone. Sah-o-ne-hont-a-par-par=Saone Hunkpapa. Sahonies—Saone. Sah-own=Sangona. Sahquatucket=Satucket. Sah-se-sah tinney= Etheneldeli. Sahuaripas—Jova. Sah-wah-mish=Sawamish. Sahwaunoo=Shawnee. Sai’-a-kwa=Sia. Sai’-az=Saia. Saich-kioie-tachs, Saich-kwil-tach=—Lekwiltok. Saiconke—Seekonk. Saidoka= Modoc. Sai’-du-ka=Snakes. SACKUNG—ST. MICHAEL 1129 Saie/kuin=Cree. Saikiné= Pima. Saikinné= Papago, Pima, Sai-létc’, Sai-létc’-ic-me’-jinne=Siletz. Sailk-sun=Sailupsun. Sai-nals=Shanel. Sainct Gabriel=Ossossane. Sainct Iacques et sainct Philippe=Saint Jacques et Saint Philippe. Sainct Iean=Etarita. Sainct ace=Taenhatentaron. Sainct Matthieu=Ekarenniondi. Stainct . Paulus=San Pablo. S[ainct]. Petrus=San Pedro. Sainct Pierre et sainct Paul= Ehouae. Sainct Thomas=Saint Thomas. Sai-nels-chas-kaw=Shanel. Sainstkla=Siuslaw. S [aint]. Antoine de Senecu. St. Antony=Senecu. St. Bartholomew=Cochiti. St. Bigin=Saint Regis. Saint Coy=Kenduia. St. Dies=Sandia. Saint Domingo=Santo Domingo. St.’d’osquet, St. Douskie, St. Dusky=Sandusky. Sainte Anne de Ristigouche= Restigouche. S[aint] Edward=Baipia. Sainte Marie de Sault=Pawating. St. Estevan, St. Estevan Acoma, St. Estevan Queres— Acoma. Saint Estienne= Kiohero. St. Eulalie=Santa Olalla. Saint Frangais=Saint Francis. St. Francais de Sales=Saint Francis. St. Francis=Nambe. St. Francis Borgia=Michilimackinac. St. Francis de Sales=Saint Francis. Saint Francis Regis—Saint Regis. St Francis Xavier des Pres=La Prairie. St. Francoi, St. Frangois=Saint Francis. Saint Frangois du Lac=La Prairie. Saint-Frangois-Xavier=Saint Francis Xavier, San Francisco Xavier de Vigge Biaundo. St. Frangois Xavier=Ganowarohare. St. Francois Xavier a Laprairie de la Magdeleine= La Prairie. Saint-Francois-Xavier-de-Biaundo—San Xavier de Viggé Biaundo, Saint-Francois-Xavier-des-Prés=La Prairie. St Francois Xavier du Sault=Caughnawaga. St. Gregory=Abo. St.Guillaume=Teotongniaton. St. Hieronimo=Taos. Saint Iean=Etarita. S. Iean Baptiste=Saint Jean Baptiste, Cahiague. St. Ignatius=Taenhatentaron. St. Isabella=Santa Isabel. Saint Jacques, St. James=Kanagaro. Saint Jean=Deyodeshot, San Juan. Saint Jean Baptiste—Onondaga (vil.). Saint-Jean des Chevaliers=San Juan. St Jerome, S[aint]. Jerome de los Taos, St Jeronimo, S[aint]. Jeronimo de Taos=Taos. faint] oachin=San Joaquin. Francisco S [aint] Joanne=San Juan. Saint John=Deyodeshot, San Juan. St. John of God=San Juan de Dios. St. John’s=Etarita, Malecite, San Juan. Saint John’s river Indians, St. John’s tribe= Male- cite. St Josef= Patoqua. Saint Joseph=Gayagaanhe, Teanaustayae. St Laurence=Picuris. St Lazarus=San Lazaro. St. Lewis, St. Lewisses=San Luis de Apalachi. S{aint], Lorent=San Lorenzo. St. Ludlovic de Vacapa=Bacapa. S[aint], Marcellus=Sonoita. St Marco—San Marcos. St Maria—Galisteo. S[aint], Mark—San Marcos. S{aint]. Martin, S[aint], Martin of the Opas—San Martin. Saint Mary=Teatontaloga. St. Mary’s=Gannentaha, Santa Maria Magdalena. Saint Mathias=Ekarenniondi. St. Mathias de Tuto Magoidag=Tutomagoidag. Saint]. Matthaeus de Sicoroidag—Sicoroidag. St. Michael=San Miguel Zuaque, Scanonaenrat. Patoqua, Sillery, 1130 Saint Michael’s=Kanagaro. Saint Michel=Saint Michael, Kanagaro, Khioetoa, Scanonaenrat. St. Nicholas= Kenai. St. Orloff, St. Orlova=Orlova. St. Pablo=San Pablo. St. Paul= Kodiak. St. Peter=San Pedro. Saint Peter’s=Caughnawaga. S[aint]. Phelippe, St. Philip—San Felipe. St. Philip de JHS—Terrenate. St. Philippe, St. Philips, St. Phillipe, St. Phillippe— San Felipe. Saint Rene=Onnontare. Saint Stephen=Kiohero. St. Yotoc=Sonnioto. Sai’-o-kwa=Sia. Saiopines=Tiopines. Sa-i-sa~’dtinne= Etheneldeli. Sai-wash=Shasta. Sai-yu’-cle-me’ yunné=Coos. Sai-yu’/-sla-me’ jinne, Sai-yiis’-t‘gi-me’ Siuslaw. Sajay=Xagua. Sa-jer-0-pan-ga—Skidi. Sajirit=San Juan Capistrano. Sakacawone=Secacawoni. Sakadelontin=Zakatlatan. Sakahiganiriouek=Sagaiguninini. Sa‘ka‘o'ganing=Sukaauguning. Sakatalan, Sakataloden=Zakatlatan. Sakawes, Sakawis=Sauk. Sakawiyiniwok=Sakawithiniwuk. Sakawiyiniw—Sugwaundugahwininewug. Sakes=Sauk. Saketon=Sacaton. Saketupiks=Siksika. $/4-ke-w’é, Sakewi—Sauk. Sakhalis=Skatalis. Sak’hutka=Abihka. Sakiaqdjung=Sakiakdjung. Sakiman, Sakinam, Sakinan, Sakinang=Saginaw. Sa’/ki qé/gawa-i=Saki-kegawai. $a-kish =Tsahis. Sakisimme=Lakisumne. Sa-ki-yu=Sauk. Sak-ka-ya=Sakaya. Sak‘la’nas=Sagua-lanas. Saklans=Saclan. Sakoa’n=Sukkwan. Sa/kona=Jacona. Sakonett=Saconnet. Sa+k’o+t, Sak‘o’ta=Cheyenne. Saks=Sauk. Sakwi’yi=Soquee. Saky=Sauk. Salab winwt=Salabi. Stala/ndas=Salendas. Salan Pomas=Salan Pomo. Sat/idAn kun=Sahldung. Salem Indians= Manta. Sa/lic=Ntlakyapamuk. Saligugi=Turtletown. Salinas=Salinan. Saline=Ketchewaundaugenink, Saline Apaches= Mescaleros, Salish=Salishan Family. Saliutla—Siuslaw. Sallenches=Talinchi. Sallicoah=Selikwayi. Salmeros=Salineros. Salmon Eaters=Tazaaigadika. Salmon River Snakes=Tukuarika. Salsen, Salses—Salsona. Salsonas=Saclan. Salst Kamlups= Kamloops. Salst syastsitlini—Spokan. Salsyuyilp=Colville. Salt City=Matsaki. Salteur—Chippewa. Salt Lake Diggers= Hohandika. Salt Lick Town=Lick Town. Salt-water band= Lower Chehalis. Sal-wa’-qa—Salwahka. Salzon=Salsona. Sam-ab-mish=Samamish. Samackman=Samahquam. yannée= SAINT MICHAEL’S—SANDEA [B. A. B. Sam-adhmish=Samamish. Samalayuca=Ojito de Samalayuca. Samam-hoo=Semiahmoo. Samaripa=Sahuaripa. Samboukas=Samboukia. S. Ambrosio Busanic=Busanic. Samdan=Sumdum. Sa’/menos=Somenos. S’a’/mic=Samish. Sa-milk-a-nuigh=Similkameen. Samipoas—Sanipaos. Sam-na’i, Sam-nan=Picuris. Samokin=Shamokin. Samoupavi=Shongopoyi. Samparicka=Ditsakana. Sampeetches, Sampiches, Sampichya, Sampits, Sam- puches=Sanpet. Samtsh=Sanetch. Sanas=Sana. San Agustin=Oiaur. San Agustin del Isleta—Isleta. San Agustin Oiaur=Oiaur. Sanakhanskoe=Sanyakoan. Sanaki’wa=Choctaw. Sa’nak‘oan=Sanyakoan. San Aldefonso=sSan Ildefonso. San Ambrosio de Busanio=Busanic. San Andres Atotonileo=Atotonilco. San Andres Chinipas=Chinipa. San Andres Conicari=Conicari. San Antonio= Bacuancos, Salinan Family, Seneeu. San Antonio de la Isleta=Isleta, Isleta del Sur. San Antonio del Pueblo= Pomojoua. S[an]. Antonio de Senaca, San Antonio de Sencen, San Antonio de Seneci, San Antonio de Senecu= Senecu. San Antonio de Uquitoa—Oquitoa. S[an]. Antonio Ilamatech=Ilamatech. San Antonio of Sinolu=Senecu del Sur. S[{an]. Antonio Oquitoa—Oquitoa. San Antonio Seneca=Senecu del Sur. S[an], Augustin=Oiaur. San Augustin de Ahumada, San Augustin de Ahu- mada Rio de la Trinidad=San Agustin de Ahu- mada. San Sugnatin de la Isleta, San Augustin del Isleta= sleta. S[{an]., Augustinus=Oiaur. San Bartolomé= Puaray. San Bartolome Batacosa=Batacosa. S[an]. Bartolomé Comac=Comac. San Bartolome de Jongopavi, San Bartolomé de Jougopavi, San Bartolomé de Xongopabi, San Bartolomé de Xongopavi=Shongopovi. San Bartolomeo=Cochiti. Blan Bernabé Jongopavi=Shongopovi. San Bernahdino de Ahuatobi, San Bernardino, San Bernardino de Aguatuvi, San Bernardino de Ahua- tobi=Awatobi. San Bernardino del Agua Caliente=San Bernardino. ; S/an],. Bernardo Aquimuri= Aquimuri. Sta . Bernardo de Aguatuvi= A watobi. San Bernardo de Jongopabi=Shongopovi. San Bernardo Gracia Real=Terrenate. San Borja=San Francisco Borja. S[an]. Buena ventura, San Buena Ventura de Co- chita, San Buena Ventura de Cochiti=Cochiti. Stan} Buen. de Mossaquavi= Mishongnovi. aie) Bernardino Gualpi= Walpi. S{an], Cajetanus=Calabazas. San Capistrano=San Juan Capistrano. San Carlos de Carmelo, San Carlos del Carmelo, San Carlos de Monterey=San Carlos. S[an]. Catherina—Cuitciabaqui. S[an], Cayetano=—Tumacacori. S[an]. Cayetano de Bac=San Xavier del Bac. San Cayetano de Calabazas=Calabazas. S[an]. Cayetano Tumagacori, S[an], Cayetano Tu- mapacori= Tumacacori. San Cazaro=San Lazaro. San Christoval—San Cristobal. Sanchu=Sauchu. San Clemente=Bejuituuy. S[an]. Cosmas=San Cosme. San Cristobel, San Cristoforo, San Cristoval—San Cristobal. Sanctuit—Satuit. Sandea=Sandia. a) et BULL. 50] Sandedotan=Sandatoton. Sandesque—Sandusky. Sand-hill people=Neomaitaneo. San Diaz=Sandia. San Diegnito—San Dieguito. San Diego—Gyusiwa, Tesuque, Uitorrum. San Diego de Jamez, San Diego de Jemes, San Diego de Jemez, San Diego de los Emex, San Diego de los Hemes, San Diego de los Temes=Gyusiwa. San Diego de Tesuque=Tesuque. San Diego de Vitorrum=Uitorrum. San Dieguito=—San Diego. San Diepo de Pitquin=Pitic. San Diepo de Uquitoa—Oquitoa. Sandilla=Sandia. San Domingan, San Domingo—Santo Domingo. S[an]. Doonysio—San Dionysio. Sandoske, Sandosket, Sandoski, Sandosky, Sandouski, Sandousky=Sandusky. S. Andres Esqugbaag= Esqubaag. Sand town=Uktahasasi. Sanduskee, Sanduski, Sanduskians—Sandusky. Sandusky Senecas= Mingo. Sandy Lake Indians= Kahmetahwungaguma. Saneca=Senecu del Sur. S[an]. Eduard de Baipia, S[an], Eduardo, S[an]. Eduardo de Aribacpia, San Edvardo de Baipia=— Baipia. Sanels—Shanel. Bian) Estanislao Octam, S{an]} Estanislao Ooltan= Ooltan. San Estéban de Acoma, San Estéban de Asoma, S[an]. Estevan de Acoma= Acoma. ’ San Felepe, S[an]. Felip, Sfan]. Felipe de Cueres, S[an]. Felipe de Cuerez=San Felipe. San Felipe de Jesus Guevavi=Guevavi. San Felipe de Keres, San Felipe de Queres=San Felipe. Hae). Felipe Gracia Real del Terrenate=Terrenate. elipo, San Felippe, San Fellipe=San Felipe. San Fernando Villacata=San Fernando Vellicata. San Filipé=San Felipe. San Francisco=Caiman, Dolores, Nambe, San Francisco de los Tejas (or Neches). San Francisco de Borja de Tecoripa=Tecoripa. San Francisco de los Nechas, San Francisco de los Neches, San Francisco de los Techas=San Fran- cisco de los Tejas (or Neches). San Francisco de Nambe=Nambe. San Francisco de Oraibe, San Francisco de Oraybe= Oraibi. San Francisco de Sandia—Sandia. San Francisco Guazava=Guazavas. San Francisco Javier=San Francisco Xavier de Viggé Biaundo. San Francisco Javier Arivechi=Arivechi San Francisco Javier Cuchuta=Cuchuta. San Francisco Javier de Guazava=Guazavas. San Francisco Javier Reboyco=Robesco. San Francisco Lajas= Lajas. San Francisco Nambe=Nambe. San Francisco Pajague=Pojoaque. San Francisco Xavier, San Francisco Xavier de Vigge=San Francisco Xavier de Viggé Biaundo. S[an]. Francisco Xavier del Bac=San Xavier del Bac. San Francisquita=Echilat. San Gabriel, San Gabriel del Yunque=Gabrielefio, Yugeuingge. S[an], Gaetan=Calabazas. S. Angel=San Angelo. San Geronimo de los Tahos, San Gerénimo de los Taos, San Geronimo de Taos=Taos. San Geronimo Huexotitlan=Huexotitlan. San Geronymo=San Geronimo. San Geronymo de los Thaos=Taos. Sanghikans, Sangicans= Assumpink. Sangiestas—Saugiesta. S[an]. Gioachino=San Joaquin. San Gregorio— Abo. San Gregoris Jaumalturgo—Jaumalturgo. Sangut—Saugus. E Sanhicans, Sanhickans= Assumpink. San Hieronimo, San Hieronimo de los Corazones= Corazones. S[an]. Hieronymo—Taos. Sanhikani, Sanhikins—Assumpink. S[an]. Iacobus de Oiadaibuisc— Ojiataibues. Sanich—Sanetch. San Ignacio. See S, Ignacio. SANDEDOTAN—SANKS 1131 San Ignacio—San Ignacio de Kadakaman, Pa- chawal, Tubac. San Ignacio Cuquiarachi—Corodeguachi. San Ignacio de Soniquipa, San Ignacio de Soniquipe= Sinoquipe. San Ignacio de Tesia—Tesia. San Ignacio Guibori=Quiburi. San Ignacio Onabas=Onavas. San Ignacio Sinoquipe—Sinoquipe. San Ignacio Torin=Torin. San Il de Conso=San Ildefonso. S[an]. Ildefonso Ostimuri=Ostimuri. San Ildefonso Yecora= Yecora. San Ildefonzo, San Ildephonso, San Ilefonso—San Ildefonso. San Imirio=—San Emidio. S[an]. Iosepho— Patoqua. Sa-nish’=Arikara. San Isidoro= Pueblo de los Jumanos. San Isidro— Wilakal. Sanitika= Arapaho. San Iuan Baptista=San Juan Bautista. San Jacinto=Saboba. alent Javier, S[an]. Javier Bac=San Xavier dei ac. San Javier de Batuco=—Batuco. San Javier del Bac, S[an]. Javier del Bacel—San Xavier del Bac. San Javier de Viggé=San Francisco Xavier de Viggé Biaundo. San Jldefonso—San Ildefonso. S[an]. Joaquin. SeeS. Joaquin. San Joaquin de Basosuma= Basosuma. San José=Ichenta, San José de los Nazones, Tu- macacori. San José Charay=Charac. San José Chinapa=Chinapa. San José Commondu=San José de Comondu. S[an]. José de Joconostla=Joconostla. San José de la Laguna= Laguna. San José de Matape= Matape. San José de Pimas=San José de los Pimas. San José de Teopari de Ovas=Teopari. S[an]. José de Tizonazo=Tizonazo. San José de Tucson=Tucson. S[an], Josef=Patoqua. San Josef de La Laguna= Laguna. S[an], Josefo= Patoqua. Sfan] José Imuri=Imuris. S[an] José Matape—Matape. San Joseph de Commondu, San Joseph de Comondo= San José de Comondu. San Joseph de Jemez=Patoqua. San Joseph de los Nazones=San José de los Na- zones. ; San Joseph de los Pimas=San José de los Pimas. San. Joseph de Soyopa=Soyopa. San José Teopari=Teopari. S[an]. Jua, San Juan=San Juan de los Jemez. San Juan Atotonileo= A totonilco. San Juan Baptista—San Juan Bautista. San Juan B[autista], Maguina—Maguina, San Juan Capestrano=San Juan Capistrano. San Juan Capistrano—Juanefios, Uturituc. S[an]. Juan Capistrano de Ulurituc, San Juan Capis- trans de Virtud=Uturitue. S[an], Juan Corapa=Corapa. S[an]Juan de Guachinela= Huachinera. San Juan de los Caballeros, San Juan de los Cabel- leros=San Juan. San Juan del Rio—Toapara. S{an]., Juan de Mata= Mata. San Juaneros, San Juaners=San Juan. San Juan Evangelista Tosonachic=Tosanachic. S{an]. Juan Guachinera, San Juan Guachirita=Hua- chinera. S[an]. Juan Peyotan=Peyotan. S[an], Juan Quiburi=Quiburi. San Judas=San Simon y San Judas. San Judas Tadeo= Tadeovaqui. San Juris=San Imiri. Sankaskitons=Sisseton. Sankawee=Tsankawi. Sankewi=Sauk. Sankhicani= Mohawk, Assumpink. Sankhicans, Sankhikans, Sankihani, Sankikani, San- kikman=Assumpink. Sanko—Comanche. Sankonk=Sawcunk. Sanks=Sauk. FIS2 SAN LAIDA—SANTA San Laida=Saucita. San Lasaro=San Lazaro. S[an], Limon Tucsani=Tucsani. San Lodovic=Sevilleta. San Lorenzo=Azqueltan, Picuris, San Lazaro. San Lorenzo de la Santa Cruz=Santa Cruz. San Lorenzo de los Pecuries= Picuris. San Lorenzo del Real, S[an]. Lorenzo del Realito= San Lorenzo. San Lorenzo de Pecuries, San Lorenzo de Picuries= Picuris. San Lorenzo de Tezuqui—Tesuque. San Lorenzo el Real Pueblo de Zumas=San Lo- renzo. San Lorenzo Guepaca, San Lorenzo Huepaca=Hue- ac. San Lorenzo Tezuqui=Tesuque. San Louis de Bacapa=Bacapa. San Louis Indians=Luisefo. San Lrcas=Galisteo. S[an]. Lucas de Galpa=Galpa. S{an]. Ludlov de Bacapa=Bacapa. Slanl Luis=San Luis de Apalache. San Luis Bacadeguachi= Bacadeguachi. S[an] Luis Bacapa=Bacapa, San, Luis Bacuancos=Bacuancos. San Luis Bacupa, San Luis Beltran de Bacapa, S[an]. Luis de Bacapa=Bacapa. San-Luis de Seuilleta=Sevilleta. San Luisenians, San Luisenos=Luisefio. San Luis Gonzaga de Bacadeguatzi= Bacadeguachi. S[an]. Luis Guebavi=Guevari. San Luisienos=Luiseno. S[an]. Luis Obispo Sevilleta=Seviletta. S[an]. Luis Quitobac= Bacapa. San Luis Rey=Luiseno. San Luis town=San Luis de Apalache. San Marcelo, San Marcelo del Sonoita, San Marcelo del Xonuida, S[an], Marcelo Sonoydag=Sonoita. San Marcial=Trenaquel. San Marcos=Eljman. San Marcos de Apalache=San Marcos. S[an]. Mateo, San Mateo Cant, S[an]. Mateo Caut= Cant. San Mateo de Saguaripa, San Mateo Malzura=San Mateo. S[an]. Mateo Soroydad=Sonoita. S[an]. Mathias de Tutomagoidag=Tutomogoidag. Stent Mathias Tutum=Tutum. San Miguel=Guevavi, Haatze, Mactati,San Miguel de Linares, San Miguel Zuaque, Taos. See also S. Miguel. San Miguel de Cuellar=San Miguel de Linares. San Miguel de Guevavi=Guevavi. San Miguel de los Adeas=San Miguel de Linares. San Miguel de Oposura=Oposura. San Miguel de Sonoitac, San Miguel de Ssonoitag= Sonoita. San Miguel Oraybi=Oraibi. San Miguel Taxique=Tajique. San Miguel Ures=Ures. S. Anna=Santa Ana. Sannagers=Seneca, Satona=Sangona. Sanonawantowane=Cayuga. San Pablo=Paako. See alsoS. Pablo. San Pablo del Pescadero= Pescadero. San Pablo de Tepehuanes=Tepehuanes. San Pablo Tubutama=Tubutama, S[an]. Pantaleon=Aribaiba. San Pasqual=San Pascual. San Pedro=Acoma, Paako. See also S. Pedro. San Pedro Aconchi= Aconchi. San Pedro and San Pablo=San Pedro y San Pablo. San Pedro del Cuchillo=Paako. San Pedro de los Jamajabs=San Pedro. San Pedro Martyr=San Pedro Martire. San Pedro-Pablo=San Pedro y San Pablo. San Pedro Tubutama=Tubutama. San Pedro y San Pablo de Bicuner=San Pedro y San Pablo. San-Petes=Sanpet. San Phelipe, San Phelippe, San Philippi, San Phil- lippe=San Felipe. Sanpiche Utahs, San Pitch, San Pitches, Sanpits— Sanpet. ROSALIA DI MULEGE [B. A. B. San Poels, San Poils=Sanpoil. San Rafael—Guevavi. San Rafael Indians=Jukiusme. Sansares Dakotas=Sans Arcs. San Sebastian Peregrino=San Sebastian. S[an]. Serafin, S[an]. Serafin Actum, San Serafin de Actum, S[an]. Serafino del Napcub=San Serafin. San Sevastian=San Sebastian. Sa shkia-a-rini= Miami. S[an]. Simeon de Tucsani=Tucsani. S) = Simon= Upasoitac. S[an]. Simon Tucsani, S[an]. Simon Tuesani=Tuc- sani. San Simon y Judas de Vpasoitac=Upasoitac. Sanspoéle, Sans Puelles=Sanpoil. Santa. See also Sta. Santa Ana=Alamillo, Galisteo, Punyistyi, San- tan. S[an]ta Ana Anamic=Anamic. Santa Anna=Santa Ana. Santa Barbara=Salinan Family. Santa Barbara Indians=Chumashan Family. Santa Catalina=Cuitciabaqui. See Sta, Catalina, Santa Catalina Baimena=Baimena. Santa Catalina Cayamoa—Camoa. Santa Catalina de Baitrena=—Baimena. Santa Catarina. See also Sta. Catarina, Santa Cruz=Santa Cruz de Mayo, Terrenate. See also Sta, Cruz, Santa Cruz Bacum=Bacum. Santa Cruz de Gaibanipitea—Gaibanipitea. Santa Cruz de Galisteo—Galisteo. Santa Cruz de Jaibanipitca de Pimas—Gaibani- pitea. Santa Cruz de la Canada=Santa Cruz. Santa Cruz del Cuervo—Gaibanipitea. Santa Cruz de Nanipacna= Nanipacna. Santa Cruz de Nazas=Nazas. Santa Cruz Islanders= Mishumash. S[an]. Tadeo Batqui, San Tadeo Vaqui, S[an]. Thad- adeus de Batki= Tadeovaqui. Santa Dominga, Santa Domingo=—Santo Domingo. Santa Eulalia—Santa Olalla. Santa Gertrudes=Santa Gertrudis. Santa Gertrudis. See Sta, Gertrudis, Santainas=Santiam. Santa Madaléna, S[anta]. Magdalena, Santa Mag- dalena de Buquibava= Buquibava. Santa Maita= Mata. Santa Maria=Jesus Maria y José, Santa Maria Magdalena. See also Sta, Maria, Santa Maria Baceraca=Baserac. Santa Maria Batuco—Batuco. Santa Maria de Galisteo—Galisteo. Santa Maria de Grado=Santa Cruz. Santa Maria de Guadelupe=Nuestra Sefiora de Guadalupe. Santa Maria del Agua Caliente=Dueztumac. Renta Maria de los Angeles=Santa Maria Magda- ena, Santa Maria de Ocotan=Ocotan. S[anta] Maria de Secunca, Santa Maria de Suamca, Santa Maria de Suanca=Suamea. Santa Maria Guazamota=Guazamota. phe et atin Magdalen=Buquibava. Santa Maria Magdalena Soanca=Suamca. Santa Maria Milpillas=Milpillas. Santa Maria Mobas=Movas. Santa Maria Nacameri= Nacameri. Santa Maria Soamca, Santa Maria Soamnca, Santa Maria Soanca=Suamca. Santa Maria Vaseraca=Baserac. Santana=Santa Ana. Santanas=Shawnee. Sant Antonio de Padua=Puaray. Sant Antonio de Senecu=Senecu. Santa Nympha=Santa Nynfa. Santa Olaya=Santa Olalla. Santa Rosa=Wewutnowhu. See also Sta, Rosa, Santa Rosa Corodeguatzi=Corodeguachi. Santa Rosa de Abiquiu= Abiquiu. Santa Rosa de Coradeguatzi=Corodeguachi. Santa Rosa de Hauicui=Hawikuh. Santa Rosa de Santa Maria=Pachera. Santa oe, de Moleje=Santa Rosalia Mulege. Santa Rosalia de Onopa=Onopa. Biante}. Rosalia di Mulege=Santa Rosalia Mu- ege. BULL. 50] Santas—Santee. Santa Teresa de Guazapares=Guazapares. Santa Teresea=Tukutnut. Santa Tulalia=Santa Eulalia. Santa Ysabel=Santa Isabel. Sant Buenaventura=Picuris. Sant Chripstobal=San Cristobal. Santeaux=Chippewa. Santee of the East, Santee Sioux—Santee. Santena, Santeurs=Chippewa. Sant Francisco de los Espanoles, Sant Gabriel, Sant Gabriele= Yugeuingge. Santiago—Cocospera, Pecos, Ojiataibues. Santiago Cocospera—Cocospera. Santiago de Oiadaibuisc—Santiago. Santiago Huires=Huite. Santiago Optuabo=Optuabo. Santiago Papasquiaro= Papasquiaro. Santiago Teneraca=Teneraca. Santiago Yepachic= Yepachic. Santian=Santiam. Santie, Santie bands, Santie Sioux=—Santee. San Timétéo, San Timoteo=—Tolocabi. Santisima Nombre de Maria=Jesus Maria y José. Santisima Trinidad de la mesa del Tonati=Tonati. Santisima Trinidad de Potam=Potam. Santisima Trinidad Vicam=Bicam. Santisima Virgen de los Dolores=Nuestra Sefiora de los Dolores de los Aes. Sant Joan=San Juan. Sant Joan Baptista—San Juan Bautista. Sant Joan Batista=San Juan. Sant Marcos=San Marcos. Santo=—Tontos. Santo Demingo—Santo Domingo. Santo Domingo=Quartelejo. S[anto]. Domingo de Xacoma, S{anto]. Domingo de Xacoms, S{anto], Domingo de Xacona=Jacona. §. Antoine de Senecu=Senecu. San Tomas de Abiquiu= Abiquiu. §. Antonio—Bacuancos, San Antonio, Senecu. §. Antonio de Senaca, S. Antonio de Sencen, S. An- tonio de Seneci, S. Antonic de Senecu=Senecu. §. Antonio Ilamatech=Ilamatech. §. Antonio Oquitoa—Oquitoa. Santo Rosario de Vinatacot= Vinatacot. Santos Angeles—Guevavi. Santos Reyes Cucurpe—Cucurpe. Santo Tomas=Servas. Santo Tomas de Abicui, Santo Tomas de Abiquiu= Abiquiu, Santo Tomas de Sereba, Santo Tomas de Servas= Servas. Sant8eronons—Seneca. Sant Pedro y Sant Pablo=Sia. Sant Phelipe, Sant Philepe=San Felipe. ete ee eaneukd in. ant Xpoval, Sant Xupal—San Cristobal. Sant Yidefonso, Sant Ylefonso—San Ildefonso. Sanu, =Sanukh. San Xabier del Bac=San Xavier del Bac. San alana Francisco Xavier de Viggé Bia- undo. San Xavier de Baca, S{an]. Xavier del Bac=San Xavier del Bac. S[an]. Xavier Jes Praiz, S[an]. Xavier des Prez=La Prairie. San Xavier de Naxera=San Francisco Javier de Najera. San Xavier de Viaundo, San Xavier de Vigge=San Francisco Xavier de Viggé Biaundo. San Xavier de Zac, S[an]. Xavier du Bac=San Xavier del Bac. San Ygnacio—San Ignacio. San Yidefonso, San Yldefonzo=San Ildefonso. San Ysedro, San Ysidro=Wilakal. San Zavier de Bac=San Xavier del Bac. Sanze-Ougrin=Santsukdhin. S!aoda/n=Sumdum. Sa’ok=Sooke. Saone=—Sangona. Saopi= Farmers’ Band. Saouans—Shawnee. Saoux= Dakota. Saoynes=Saone. Saoyns=Cheyenne, Sa’pani=Atsina. Sapa-Pesah=Sapeessa, Sapa wicasga—Ute. Sapenys=Saponi. SANTAS—SATCAP 11338 Sapes= Esopus. Sapetan, Sapetens=Nez Percés. Sa-pi-li=Salpilel. Sapiny=Saponi. Sapokanikan—Sapohanikan. Sapon=Saponi, Tisepan. Sapona Indians, Saponees, Sapones, Saponeys, Sa- pongs=Saponi. | Saponickan=Sapohanikan. Saponies, Saponys, Sapoones, Sapoonies=Saponi. Sapotans= Nez Percés. Sapototot=—Lopotatimni. Sappokanican=Sapohanikan. By ee Sapponce, Sapponees, Sapponeys, Sapponi, apponie Town, Sappony, Saps=Saponi. Sap-suckers= Minesetperi. Saptans, Saptin—Nez Percés. Sapwell—Sanpoil. Saqai/dagi/lgana Inaga’-i—Sakaedigialas. Saqgui’ gyit’inai’—Sagui-gitunai. Sa’/qta=Sakta. Saquaacha=K watami. Saquan=Sequan. Saquatucket=Satucket. Saquechuma=Chakchiuma. Saquenets—Saguenay. Saques=Sauk. Saquetuckett—Satucket. Saquinam, Saquinan=Saginaw. Saquis—Sauks. Saq'té/nedi=Sakutenedi. Saracatzi=Saracachi. Sarai=Zuni. Sarame= Xarame. Sarani—Sichomovi. Sardn=Zuii. Saranay=Sarauahi. Sarannah, Sarannas=Shavnee. Saras=Cheraw. Saraurahi=Sarauahi. Saraus, Sarau town=Cheraw. Saravay=Sarauabi. Saraw Town, Saraws=Cheraw. Saray=Zuni. Sarcee, Sarcess, Sarcis, Sarcix—Sarsi. Sarétika= Arapaho. Sargenta rucas=Sargentaruka. Sarie=Saric. Sarikvihpak=Starik. Sario, Sarique=Saric. Sa-rite-ka-e, S4-ri-té-ka= Arapaho. Sar-lis-lo=Spokan. Sar-lit-hu=Kalispel. Sa-ron-ra=Sawuara. Sarpa-wee-cha-cha= Ute. Sarra Blanco=Sierra Blanca. Sarrauahi=Sarauahi. Sarraws=Cheraw. Sarrii—Saric. Sarritehca= Arapaho. Sarsares—Sans Arcs. Sarséwi, Sarxi—Sarsi. Sasa—Cheraw. Sasaguel=Sasuagel. Sas-chu-tqéne, Sas-chut-qgenne=Saschutkenne. Sa-sis-e-tas—Cheyenne. Sasitka=Siksika. Sa-sits-go-lons-a=Tucson. Saskatschawiner= Algonquian Family. | Saskwihanang, Sasquahana, Sasquahannahs, Sasque- hannocks, Sasquesahanocks, Sasquesahanoughs, Sasquesahanougs, Sasquisahanoughes — Cones- toga. Sassasouacottons, Sassasouakouetons, Sassassaoua- cottons= Nassauaketon. Sassee, Sassis—Sarsi. Sassory=Nasoni. Sassquahana—Conestoga. Sastaghretsy— Huron. Saste, Sastean=Shastan Family. Sastharhetsi— Huron. Sasti=Shastan Family. Sasuaguel—Sasuagel. Sa/t=Snakes. Satanas, Satans—Shawnee. Satarees—Sugeree. Satauket=—Setauket. Satawomeck, Satawomek, Satawomekes= Potomac. Satcap=Satsop. 1134 Satchap=Clatsop. Satchap Indians=Satsop. Sa-tchd-gottine=Satchotugottine. Sa-tdoa=Sa. Sat-e-loo’/-ne=Saschutkenne, Satiroua=Saturiba. : Satiyomes, Satiyvyomis=Wappo. Satoriva—Saturiba. Satos=Uzutiuhi. Sa-to-tin=Tatlitkutchin. Satouriona, Satourioua=—Saturiba. Sa-towa=Sa. Satrahe=Arikara. Sat-sa-pish—Satsop. Sa-tshi-o-tin’=Clatchotin. Sat-sia-qua, Satsikaa—Siksika. Satskomilh, Satsq—Satsk. Sattiquo=Sitiku. Satuket—Satucket. Saturiora=Saturiba. Sauaripa=Sahuaripa. Sauckeys, Saucs=Sauk. Saudia=Sandia. Saufpak=Saopuk. Saugehans=Souhegan. Sau-ge-nong=Saginaw. Saughpileel=Salpilel. Saughtughtett=Satucket. Saugies=Sauk. Saugkonnet=Saconnet. Saugust=Saugus. S. Augustin, S. Augustinus=Oiaur. Sau’hto=Comanche. Saukatucket=Satucket. Sau-kau-lutuck=Saukaulutuchs. Saukee=Soquee. Saukees, Saukeys=Sauk. Saukhikins= Assumpink. Saukies=Sauk. Saukikani=Assumpink. Sa-ukli=Sawokli. Sauliers=Amahami. Saulteaux, Saulteuse, Saulteux—Chippewa. Sault Indians=Caughnawaga, Chippewa. Sault Sainte Marie=Pawating. Sauounons=Shawnee. Sau/qtite=Sauktich. Saura, Saura towns, Sauro—Cheraw Saussetons=Sisseton. Sautains—Santiam. Sautatho=Sitolo. Saut au Récollet—Sault au Recollet. Sauteaux, Sauters, Sauteurs, Sauteus, Sauteux= Chippewa. Sauthouis= Uzutiuhi. Saut Indians=Caughnawaga, Pawating. Sautor, Sautous, Sautoux=Chippewa. Sautuy =Comanche. Sauvages de l’Isle=Kichesipirini. Sauwanew, Sauwanous=Shawnee. Sau-woo-ge-lo=Sawokli. Sau-woog-e-loo-che=Sawokliudshi. Sau-woo-ge-to=Sawokli. Saux= Dakota. Saux of the Wood=Seantee. Sauxpa=Sissipahaw. Sauyou=Skoiyase. Savages of the Lake=Senijextee. Savanahs, Savanaus, Savannahs=Shawnee. Savannas=Maskegon, Shawnee, Yuchi, Savannechers, Savannehers, Savanoes=Shawnee. Savanois= Maskegon. Savanore, Savanos=Shawnee. Savansa=Quapaw. Savanuca= Yuchi. Savinards=Savinnars. Savints=Shivwits. Savonoski=Ikak. Sa-vour-ras=Sawuara. Savova, Savovoyam=Sabcba. Sa-vow-ra=Sawuara. Sawaams= Pokanoket. Sa-wakh’-tu=Shawakhtau. Sawakola=Sawokli. Sawala=Shawala, Shawnee. Sawana, Sawanee, Sa-wan-nd-kee’, Sdwano, Sa-wa- no/-o-no, Sawanoos, Sawanos, Sawanu-haka, Sa- wa-nu-ka, Sa-wan-wa-kee, Sawanwaki=Shawnee. Sawara=Cheraw. Sa-wa-rahs=Sawuara, SATCHAP—SCENONDIDIES [B. A. B. Sawassaw tinney, Saw-cesaw-tinneh, Saw-cessaw- dinnah= Etheneldeli. Sawcung=Sawcunk. Saw-eessaw-dinneh, Sawessaw tinney=Etheneldeli. Saw-ge-nong=Saginaw. Sawgus=Saugus, Sawish=Samish. Sawkattukett=—Satucket. Sawkee=Sauk. Sawketakix=Siksika. Sawkeys, Sawkies, Sawkis=Sauk. Sawkunck, Sawkung, Sawkunk=Sawcunk. Saw-meena=Ntlakyapamuk, Siamannas. Sawocotuck=Sokoki. Sawonocas=Shawuee. Sawons=Saone. Saw-paw=Skinpah. Sawra, Sawraw, Sawro—Cheraw. Sawi-no-ki, Sawwanew, Sawwannoo, Sawwanoo= Shawnee. Sa xa/-idAga-i—Sahaidagai. Saxapahaw=Sissipahaw. Saxes=Sauk. S4xlatks= Wasco. Saxe-koe-koon=Siksika. Sayaqua-kwa=Sia. Sayaque—Tesuque. $a/-yase=Skoiyase. Saydankooskoi=Biorka. Say degil=Una Vida. Say-do-carah= Paviotso. Sayenagi=Cheyenne. Say-hah-ma-mish—Sahewamish. Say-hay=Samamish. Say-hay-ma-mish, Sayhaywamish=Sahewamish. Sayi=Klamath. Sayokenek=Sayokinck. Say-ona=Sangona. Sayonstla=Siuslaw. Sayopina, Sayopines=Tiopines. Sayousla, Sayouslaw=Siuslaw. Sayraidneuskoi—Seredka. Sayuskla, Sayustkla—Siuslaw. Saywamines=Sawani. Sa-zé-oo-ti-na—Sazeutina. S’Balahco=Smulkamish. Sba-lush=Swinomish. . Bartolomé Comac=Comac. . Bernabé Jongopavi=Shongopovi. . Bernardino Gualpi=Walpi. . Bernardo Aquimuri= Aquimuri. . Bernardo de Aguatuvi= A watobi. . Bonifacius=San Bonifacius. . Borgia=San Francisco Borja. S Buenaventura=Cochiti. S. Buen. de Mossaquavi= Mishongnovi. Scaacticook, Scaahkook, Scaakticook—Scaticook. Scabby band=Oivimana. Scachhook, Scachkoke, Scachkooks, Scachtacook, Scachticooks, Scackhook, Scackkook=Scaticook. Scad-dals=Scaddal. Scad-jat—Skagit. Scaghkooke, Scaghticoke, Scaghtikoke—Scaticook. Sca-goines=—Shregegon. Scagticokes=Scaticook. Scahandowana= Wyoming. Scahcooks=Scaticook. Scahentoarrhonon= Wyoming. Scahkooks, Scahook=Scaticook. S. Cajetanus—Calabazas. S’calam=Clallam, Scanehaderadeyghroones, Scaniadaradighroonas, Scanihaderadighroones= Nanticoke. Scanonaentat, Scanonaerat, Scanonahenrat, Sca- nouaenrat=Scanonaenrat. Scarred-Arms=Cheyenne. Scatacook, Scatakook=—Scaticook. Scatchae, Scatchat=Skagit. S. Catharina=Cuitciabaqui. Scatoneck=Saconnet. Scattacook, Scattakooks, Scautacook, Scauticook= Seaticook. Scauwaga=Skoiyase. Scawendadeys=Oka. Scawyase=Skoiyase. S. Cayetano=1'umacacori. S. Cayetano de Bac=San Xavier del Bac. §. Cayetano Tumagacori, 8. Cayetano Tumapacori— Tumacacori. Scenondidies=Oka, NANNNNNMN BULL. 30] Sceouex, Sceoux= Dakota. Sceth-tesesay-tinneh = Etcheridiegottine. Schaachkook, Schaacticook, Schaahkook, Schaa- hook, Schaakook=Scaticook. Schachaméki=Shamokin. Schachamesink=Shackamaxon. Schachhenamendi=Shamokin. Sehachkook, Schachticook, Schackhokes, Schack- hook, Schackooke, Schackwock, Schacook, Schact- ecoke, Schacthook, Schacticoke, Schactikook, Schaggkooke, Schaghkoos, Schaghtacooks, Ena netcoke, Schagkook, Schagtihoke = Scat- icook. Schaha’/= Arapaho. Schahamoki=Shamokin. Schahanapan=Shannopin’s Town. Scha,han,do,a,na, Schahandowa, Schahandowana= Wyoming. Schahi=Cree. Schahkook, Schahook=Scaticook. Schahswintowaher=Sisseton. Schaitl=Shaa. Schakkook, Schakook=Seraticook. Schanadarighroenes, Schaniadaradighroonas, Scha,- ni,ha,der,adygh,roon,ees= Nanticoke. Schaouanos=Shawnee. Scharoyos=Skoiyase. Schathsooke, Schaticoke, cogue=Scaticook, Schaunactadas=Schenectady. Schauwunks=Scaticook. Schavanna, Schaveno, Schawanese, Scha,wan,ooes=Shawnee. Schawendadies=Oka. Schawenoes, Schawenons, Schawnoah=Shawnee. Schechschiquanuk=Sheshequin. Schee-et-stash=Schuelstish. Schenenk=Chenango. Schengo-kedi=Shunkukedi. Sche-perrh=Serper. Sche-woh=Katimin. Scheyenne, Schianese, Schiannesse, Schians=Chey- enne. Schiarame= Xarame. Schilra=Schira. S-chinkit=Tlingit. Schinouks=Chinook. Schipuwe=Chippewa. Schischaldinskoje—Sisaguk. Schissatuch=Seshart. S-chitcha-chon=Sitka. Schit-hu-a-ut, Schit-hu-a-ut-uh=Okinagan. Schitka, Schitka-kon, Schitkhakhoan=Sitka. S’chizui—Skitswish. Schkagué=Skagway. S’chkoé, S’chkoéishin=Siksika. Schoaries=Schoharie. Schoccories=Shakori. Schohare, Schoherie, Schohery=Schoharie. Schonbrun=Schoenbrunn. Schotack, Schotax=Schodac. Schouchouaps=Shuswap. Schoyerre=Skoiyase. Schre-gon=Shregegon. S. Christoval=San Cristobal. Schroo-yel-pi=Colville. Schuary, Schuye=Schurye. Schwarzfussige—Siksika. Schwo-gel-pi, Schwoyelpi—Colville. Schyarame= Xarame, Sciaguan=Siaguan. Scidi=Skidi. Scietogas—Shahaptian. Scieux= Dakota. Scili=Skidi. Sciller=Sillery. Scinslaw=Siuslaw. Scione Sioux—Saone. Scioto=Sonnioto. Sciou=Dakota. Scious of the Prairies—Teton. Scioux= Dakota. Scioux de la chasse=Hictoba. Scioux des Lacs= Menesouhatoba. Scioux of the East=—Santee. Scioux of the Prairies, Scioux of the West=Teton. Scioux of the Woods=Santee. Sciuslau=Siuslaw. Scial-lum=Clallam. Schaticook, Schauhte- Schawanno, SCEOUEX—SEDENTARY NADOUESSERONS 1135 §. Clara=Santa Clara. Sclavthamuk= Lillooet. Scocomish=Skokomish. Scoffies= Nascapee. Scohare, Scoharee, Scoharies=Schoharie. Sconta=Skoton. Scookuk=Chiukak. : Scootle-mam-ish=Shotlemamish. Scootuks=Passamaquoddy. §. Cosmas, S. Cosme=San Cosme. Scoton=Skoton. ; Scotticook—Scaticook. Scott’s Valley Indians, Scott Valley Indians=Iru- waitsu. Scouex= Dakota. Scowyace=Skoiyase. S. Crux=Santa Cruz de Mayo. Scungsicks, Scunksik— Foxes. Scutskon=Nahltushkan. Scuzzy=Skuzis. Sdewaetes=Huhliwahli. SDiaz=Sandia. S. Diego=—Gyusiwa, San Diego, Tesuque. S. Diego del Rio=San Diego del Rio. S Dies=Sandia. 8. Dionysio, 8. Dionysius=San Dionysio. Sdo-hobe’, S’do-ho-bish=Snohomish. Sdok’-al-bihw=Snoqualmu. S. Domingo de Xacomo, 8. Domingo de Xacoms, §. Domingo de Xacona—Jacona. S. Doonysio=San Dionysio. Sdo-qual-bush=Snoqualmu. Seachkook=Scaticook. Seaconet, Seaconnet=Saconnet. Seacos=Shiegho. Seacotauk/Secatoag. Seadlermeoo=Sagdlirmiut. Seahantowana= Wyoming. Seaketaulke=Secatoag. Seakonnet=Saconnet. Seama=Tsiama. Seanecas=Seneca. Seapcat, Seapeats=Siapkat. Seaquatalke, Seaquetalke—Setauket. Searcie—Sarsi. Se-a/-sa-pa=Sihasapa. Seashelth=Seechelt. Se-ash-ha-pa=Sihasapa. Sea-side People= Mohegan. Seatakot. Seatalcott, Seatalcutt, Seatalkot, Sea- Talkott, Seataucok, Seatauk, Seatauke = Se- tauket. Seaticook—Scaticook. Seatolcotts=Setauket. Seaton Lake=Seton Lake. Sea tribe= Winnebago. Seattle=Suquamish. Seauex, Seaux= Dakota. Seawees—Sewee. Sebaipuris=Sobaipuri. Sebanoa=Sabino. Sebassa=Sabassa. Sebeno, Sebenoa=Sabino. Seboiak=Sebaik. Sebollita=Sevilleta. Seboyeta=Cebolleta. Se-ca-ca-co-nies, Secacaonies, Secakoonies=Secaca- woni. Sécanais—Sekani. Se-¢ang-Gos=Brulé. Secassaw—Seccasaw. Secatague, Secataug, Secatogue, Secatoket, Seca- tong=Secatoag. Secawyace=Skoiyase. Sechelts=Seechelt. Se-cho-ma-we=Sichomovi. Sechs Nationen=Iroquois. Sechumevay, Se-chum’-e-way=Sichomoyi. Seckoneses=Siconesses. Secobeck=Secobec. Secoffee=Nascapee. Seconett, Seconnett—Saconnet. Secota—Secotan. Secoutagh—Secatoag. Secumnes, Secumni=Sekumne. Secunnie=Sekani. j Sedankovskoe=Biorka. Sedard, Sedaro—Sidaru. Sedentary Nadouesserons=—Santee. a 1136 Sedentary Village Indians=Pueblos. Sedge=Sonoita. Se-dj’in’-tin tene’/—Thechuntunne. S. Eduard de Baipia, $. Eduardo, S. Eduardo Baipia, S. Eduardo de Aribacpia, 8. Edward=Baipia. Seé=Seh. See-char-litch-ar=Secharlecha. See-cho-mah-wee=Sichomovi. Se-éel’ yianne=Seethltunne. See-issaw-dinni= Etheneldeli. Se-ek-pe—Sespe. Seekta Loosa=Suktaloosa, Seél=Shanel. Seelawik Mutes=Selawigmiut. See-mun-ah= Paraje. See-oo-nay=Saone. Seepans=Lipan. See-pohs-ka-mi-mah-ka-kee, kanumanke. Seeseetoan, See-see-ton, Seeseetwaun, See-see-wan, Seesetoan, See-se-ton=Sisseton. Seetauke=Setauket. Seethenskie—Sitka. Seewas=—Sewee. Seganiateratickrohne= Nanticoke. Segantes—Siyante. Segata-jenne—Chiricahua. Seginsairn’s Village, Seginservin’s village, Seginsi- win’s village=Seginsavin. Segohquet—Segocket. Segui=Tegui. Seguna= Laguna. Sehalatak—Clackama. Se-héhwa-mish=Sahewamish. Sehe-perrh=Serper. Seheries=Skidi. Sehtsa-ash=Seh. Se-huapm-uh=Shuswap. Sri/leqamuq=Stuichamukh. Seinslaw Eneas=Siuslaw. Seipa—Seyupa. Sejen-né= Mescaleros. Sekacawone, Sekacowones=Secacawoni. Sekamne=Sekumne. Sékanais, Sékanais toene, Sékan’-es—Sekani. Sekioge=Sukiaug. Sekomne=Sekumne. Sekonett=Saconnet. Sekoselar, Sekoselar Innuits=Sikosuilarmiut. Seksekai=Siksika. Sekume=Sekumne. Sekunnet=Saconnet. Sglakampom=Comanche. Selawigamute, Selawig’mut, Selawik—Selawigmiut. Seldom Lonesome= Miahwabhpitsiks. Selenie= Pavlof. Sr/Lia=Setlia. Selish=Salishan Family. Selloat-pallahs=Paloos. Selugrue— Wea. Semag=Sumass. Semaccom=Samackman. Sema/mila=Ntlakyapamuk, Siamannas. Semanole—Seminole. Semat=Kiowa Apache. Srmerxa/u=Semehau. Semia/mo=Semiahmoo. Semillete=Sevilleta. Seminolas, Seminoleans, Seminolie, Seminol-ulki, | Semintiniak=Seminole. Sem-mi-an-mas=Semiahmoo. Sempiche Utahs=Sanpet. Sempoils=Sanpoil. Senaca=Senecu. Senacaes, Senacars, Senacas=Seneca. Senachas=Sukinatchi. Senacu=Senecu. Senahuow=Lenahuon. Senakees=Seneca. Senalton=Tsewenalding. Senango=Shenango. Senasca Blanca=Penasca Blanca. Sencase=Secmoco. See-poosh-ka=Sipush- SEDENTARY VILLAGE INDIANS—SE-TCUQ’-TUN Sencen=Senecu. Sendia=Sandia. Séne, Seneca—Senecu. Seneca Abeal=Tehononsadegi. Seneca Castle=Canadasaga. Senecaes, Senecas=Seneca, [B. A. B. Senecas of Ohio, Senecas of Sandusky, Senecas of Sandusky and Stony creek, Senecas of the Glaize= Mingo. Senecca—Seneca. Seneci=Senecu. Seneckes=Seneca. Seneco=Senecu del Sur. Senecques, Senegars, Senekaas, Senekaes, Senekas, Senekées, Senekers, Senekes, Senekies, Senekoes= Seneca. Senekshaw=Chinokabi. Se-nel’=Shanel. Senequaes, Senequas, Seneques, Senequois—Seneca. Sengekontakit—Sanchecantacket. Senicaes=Seneca. Seniczo=Sinicu. S-nikers=Seneca. Senis=Caddo. Senixzo—Seneca. Sennagars, Sennakas, Sennakers, Sennecas, Sennec- ca, Senneches, Senneckes, Sennecks, Sennekaes, Sennekas, Sennekaw, Sennekees, Sennekes, Sen- nekies, Senneks, Sennekus, Sennequans, Senne- quens, Senneques, Sennickes, Sennicks, Senontou- ant=Seneca. Senor San Francisco=San Francisco de los Tejas. Senottoway—Seneca. Senqtl=Senktl. Senslaw, Senslaw Eneas=Siuslaw. Sén-téel/-tiin=Sentethltun. Séntlae—Sisintlae. SenxL=Senktl. Se-pa-uad, Se-paé-ue—Sepawi. Se-peh=Seh. Sepos, Sépous=Tunxis. Sepponet=Sapponet. Septem ciuitatum=Zuni. Sept Isles=Seven Islands. Sepunco=Secmoco. Sepus= Esopus. Se-qa/-ts’4 yinné=Sekhatsatunne. Sequapmuq=Shuswap. Sequatake, Sequatogue—Secatoag. Se-qiic’-tiin yinné’/—Sekhushtuntunne, Sequeen=Mattabesec. Se-queh-cha=Kwatami. Sequetauke—Secatoag. Sequins= Mattabesec. Sequotan=Secotan. Seqvins= Mattabesec. Sé-qwit yinné=Nahankhuotane. Ser-a-goines, Ser-a-goins=Shregegon. Serannas=Shawnee. Seranos=Serranos. Seraphim=San Serafin. Seratees=Santee. Seraticks, Seratics= Arapaho. Seredkinskoje, Seredninskoe—Seredka, Seretee=Santee. Sereva=Servas. Sermalton=Tsewenalding. Serpent gens= Wesaenikashika. Serpents=Shoshoni. Serragoin=Shregegon. Serranay=Sarauahi. Serranos=Comeya. Serrope=Sarrope. Servushamnes=Serfvushamne. Serwadling=Sarfalik. Se-see-toans, Se-see-t’wawns=Sisseton. Sesepaulaba, Sesepaulabe=Shipaulovi. Sesetons=Sisseton. Seshaht—Seshart. Seshal=Seechelt. Se-shiu-qua=Seshukwa. Sesiton Sioux—Sisseton. Sesquehanocks, Sesquihanowes—Conestoga. Sessatone, Sessatons, Sesseton—Sisseton. S. Estanislao Octam, S. Estanislao Ooltan—Ooltan. S. Estevan de Acoma, S. Estevau de Acama=Acoma. Sést’sethit—Sasthut. Sestialik—Sheshalek. Setaket=Setauket. Seta koyniname=Walapai. Setalcket Setauck, Setauk, Setawkett—Setauket. Se-t’ca/-tin=Setthatun. Se-tco’-mo-we=Sichomovi. Se-tciin’ yinné/=Thechuntunne. Se-teuq/-tin=Sechukhtun. a BULL. 30] Se-tdoa=Se. Seteomellos=Wappo. SEtL= Lillooet. Setokett—Setauket. Se-to-qua—Setokwa. Setorokamiut—Sidarumiut. Setshomavé, Setshomové=Sichomovi. Se’-tsii-rxe-a/-46= Setsurgheake. Settacoo, Sette, Settico=Sitiku. Setuket=—Setauket. Setusura=Setasura. Seu-a-rits=Seuvarits. Seuh-no-keh'te, Seuh-now-ka-ta=Onondaga. Seuilleta—Sevilleta. Seven Castles= Seven Nations of Canada. Seven Cities of Gold=Zuni. Seven Fires=Seven Council Fires. Seven Nations of Indians inhabiting Lower Canada, Seven Nations of Lower Canada Indians, ‘‘Seven Tribes” on the River St. Lawrence=Seven Nations of Canada. Severnik=Sarfalik. Severnovskia, Severnovze, Severnovzer, Severnovzi= Khwakhamaiu. Seviches=Shivwits. Sevillete, Sevilletta=Sevilleta. Sevinta=Shiv wits. Se/-wa-acl-tcei/-tin—Sewaathlichutun. Se-wah=Katimin. Sewan-akies= Metoac. Sewanne=Shawnee. Sewatpalla=Paloos, Sewernowskije=Aglemiut. Sewickly’s old T., Sewicklys Old Town=Sewickley. Sewoe=Sewee. Sewonkeeg=Siwanoy. Sextapay=Salinan Family, Teshaya. Seymos= Eskimo. Seymour Creek= Chechilkok. oe Siuktun. Se-yu Pae-la, Se-yu-pa-lo—Seyupa. Seywamines=Sawani. Sezaro=Sidaru. Sezaro Mutes=Sidarumiut. Sfaganugamute=—Sfaganuk. §. Felip, 8. Felipe, 8. Felipe de Cueres, 8. Felipe de Cuerez—San Felipe. S. Felipe Gracia Real de Terrenate=Terrenate. S. Felipe Uparch=Uparch. Sfoganugamiut—Sfaganuk. S. Francais de Sales=Saint Francis. . Francesco Borgia=San Francisco Borja. . Francisco=San Francisco, San Francisco Ati . Francisco Borja Maicoba= Maicoba. . Francisco del Caiman=Caiman. Francisco del Mezquital—Mezquital. . Francisco Javier Batuco—Batuco. . Francisco Ocotan=Ocotan. . Francisco Xavier de Bac=San Xavier del Bac. . Franciscus=San Francisco Ati. . Fran. Javier Cuchuta=Cuchuta. . Fran. Javier Reboico= Robesco. Sfugunugumut— Sfaganuk. Sg: adze’guatl la’nas—Sadjugahl-lanas, 8. Gaetan=Calabazas. Sg aga’/ngsilai—Sagangusili. Sg: a’nguai—Ninstints. S. Gerénimo=San Geronimo. S. Geronimo de los Thaos, S Gerénimo Thaos=Taos S. Gioachino=San Joaquin. 8. +} seal de Abo S Gregoria, 8. Gregorio de Abo= Sguahguaihtl—Kaquaith. Shaachkook, Shaak-kooke=Scaticook. Sha-ap- -tin=Nez Percés. Shab-eh-nay—Shobonier. Shabor, Shacco=Shakori. Shachkook, Shachook=Scaticook. Shacioes=Shakori. Shackakonies=Shackaconia, Shack-a-po=Kickapoo. Shackaxons=Shackamaxon. Shackhook=Scaticook. Shackory=Shakori. Shacktaus=Choctaw Shacomico—Shecomeco. Sha-de-ka-ron-ges—Seneca. Sha-en=Cheyenne. Shag-a-voke=Sagavok. 3456—Bull. 30, pt 2-07——72 SE-TDOA—SHASK’-HANOQ™ 1137 Shagemamipong, Shag-a-waum-ik-ong=Shaugawau- mikong. Shagelook, Shageluk—Jugelnute. Shagen=Cheyenne, Shaglook—Jugelnute. Shagwau Lennas=Sagua-lanas. Shagwikitoné=—Sagui-gitunai. Shahahanih=Shahanik, Shahalahs=Shahala. Shahamoki, Shahamokink=Shomokin. Shahan= Dakota. Shahana=Shahala. Shahaptain— Nez Percés. Shahaptan=Nez Percés, Salishan Family. Shahaptanian, Shahaptemish, Shahapts=Nez Percés, Shah-ha-la=Shahala. Shahlee=Ootlashoot. Sha-ho—Cheyenne, Shahomaking=Shamokin. Shahray-tick-ah= Arapaho. Shahshanih=Shahanik. Shahsweentowahs=Sisseton. Sha-hue=Ishauu. Shah-woo-rum=Sawuara. Sha-i-a-pi, Shai-é-la, Shai- én-a=Cheyenne. Sha-i-ye=Cree. Shaiyus=Skoiyase. Shakahonea=Shackaconia. Shakamaxon=Shackamaxon, Shakan—Sukkwan, Shak-a-pee’s band=Taoapa. Shake-kah-quah= Kickapoo. Shakhamexunk, Shakhamuxunck=Shackamaxon, Shakies, Shakirs—Sauk. Shaklolik=Shaktolik. Shakopee=Taoapa. Shakor= Shakori. Shakpa, Shakpay=Taoapa. Shaktakook=Scaticook,. Shakto ligmut=Shaktoligmiut. Shaktolit=Shaktolik. Shakwan Haade=Sukkwan. Sha-la-la=Shahala. Shalalahs=Silela. Shalees=Ootlashoot. Shallalah=Silela. Shallates=Shallattoo. Shallees=Ootlashoot. Shamaken=Shamokin. Shamanese=Shawnee. Shamochan, Shamoken, Shamoking=Shamokin. Shamooinaugh= Nez Percés, Shanaki=—Cherokee. Shanana=Dakota. Shanapins, Shanapin’s town, Shanappins T.=Shan- nopin’s Town. Shanawageras=Sonojowauga. Shanaws=Shawnee. Shanel-kaya=Shnalkeya. Shaniadaradighroonas, Nanticoke. Shaningo=Shenango. Shan-ke-t’wans, Shank’t’wannons, Shank-t’wans= Yankton. Shan-nack Shdnnakiak—Cherokee. Shannapins=Shannopin’s Town. Shannoahs=Shawnee. Shannok= Micmac. porary ger Canandaigua. Shannopen Shannopin’s Town. Shanoas=Shawnee. Shanopens, Shanopins, Shanoppin, town=Shannopin's Town. Shanung= Micmac. Shanwans=Shawnee. Shanwappoms, Shanwappones= Yakima. Shan-wap-pums=Shanwappom., Shaomet=Shawomet. Shaonois, Shaononons=Shawnee. Shapalawee, Sha-pan-la-vi, Shapanlobi=Shipaulovi. Shapash é/ni=Shapashkeni. Sha- se he -wee=Shipaulovi. Sharas=Cheyenne. Sharetikeh= Arapaho. Shar’-ha=Cheyenne. Sharp eyed Indians=Kutchin. Sharshas=Cheyenne. Shashones=Shoshoni. Shask’-hanoqg*t=Soshka. Shanihadaradighroones= Shanoppin’s 1138 Shasta, Shasta-Achomawi=Shastan Family. Shasta Costa=Chastacosta. Shasta Skoton=Chasta-Skoton. Shasté=—Shahaptian Family. Shasteecas=Shasta. Shasti, Shasties=Shahaptian Family. Shas-ti-ka, Shasty=Shastan Family. Sha/t=Snakes. Sha taha=Sha. Shatasla—Shahaptian Family. Shatchet=Skagit. Shatekaro"hyes=Totiakton. Shateras=Tutelo. Shatetucket=Showtucket, Shati=K oasati. Shatuckett, Shatuskett=Showtucket. Shauanos=Shawnee. Sha-u-ee=Shawi. Shaug-ah - waum -ik-ong, Shaugha-waum-ik-ong= Shaugawaumikong. Shaumeer=Saumingmiut. Shaumoking=Shamokin. Shaunas, Shauwaunoes, Shavanos=Shawnee. Shaved heads= Pawnee. Shaw=Shawnee. Shaw-a-gan=Sukkwan. Shawahahs=Shawnee. Shawamegin=Shaugawaumikong. Shawamet=Shawomet. Shawan=Chowanoc. Shawana=Shawnee. Shawana Cabbins=Shawnee Cabins. Shawanahs, Shawanapi—Shawnee. Shawanapon, Shawanasson=Shannopin’s Town. Shawanaws, Shawane=Shawnee. Shawane Cabbins=Shawnee Cabins. Shawanees—Shawnee. Shawanee town=Shawneetown. Shawaneise, Shawanese, Shawanesse, Shawaneu= Shawnee. Shawangung=Shawangunk. Shawanies, Shawanna, Shawannohs—Shawnee. Shawannoppan=Shannopin’s Town. Shawannos=Shawnee. Shawanoe Cabbins=Shawnee Cabilis. Shawaneese, Shawanoes, Shawanese, Shawanoh, Shawanois, Shawanons, Shawano’s, Shawanose, Shawanous, Shawanowi, Shawans=Shawnee. Shawash=Achomawi. Shawatharott=Beothukan Family. Shaways=Cheyenne. Shawdtharut=Beothukan Family. Shawendadies=Tionontati. Shawenoes=Shawnee. Shaweygria—Hathawekela. Shaw-ha-ap-ten, Shaw-Haptens= Nez Percés. Shawhays=Cheyenne. Sha-wi-ti=Showwiti. Shawmokin=Shamokin. Shawneese, Shawnese, Shawnesse, Shawneys, Shaw- no, Shawnoah=Shawnee. Shawnoah Basse Ville=Lowertown. Shawnoes=Shawnee. Shawnuk= Micmac. Shawomut=Shawomet. Shawonese=Shawnee. Shawonese Cabbins=Shawnee Cabins. Shawoniki, Shawonoes, Shaw-un-oag=Shawnee. Shayage—Cherokee. Shayén, Shayenna—Cheyenne. Shaytee’s village—Grand Bois. Sh-chee-tsoo-ee=Skitswish. Sheaquaga=—Catherine’s Town. Sheastuckle, Sheastukle—Siuslaw. Sheavwits=—Shivwits. She-bal-ne Pomas=Keliopoma. She-banlavi=Shipaulovi. She-ba-retches=Seuvarits. Shebaula-vi=Shipaulovi. Sheberetches, She-be-riches, She-be-Ucher—Seuva- rits. She-bo-pav-wee=Shipaulovi. Shechart=Seshart. Shecomeka=Shecomeco. She-dar-haitch= Asidahech. Shee-ah-whib-bahk, Shee-ah-whib-bak, Shee-e-huib- bac, Shee-eh-whib-bak=Isleta, Shee-p’ah-poon=Shipapulima, Sheep-Eaters=Tukuarika, SHASTA—SHI’-OUI [B. A. E. Sheep Indians=Abbatotine. Sheepon-arleeve, Sheepowarleeve=Shipaulovi. Sheep People=A bbatotine. Sheepscot, Sheepscuts= Wewenoc. Sheeshaldenskoi=Sisaguk. Shegwuu=Katimin, She-kom=Shigom. Shekomeko=Shecomeco. Shell earring band=Inyanhaoin. She-mo-pa-ve=Shongopovi. Shenango=Logstown. Shenawaga= Kashong. Shenengo=Chenango. Shemnogiees, Shennoskuankin=Shennosquan- cin, - Shé-noma= Hopi. Sheooke=Suk, Sheoquaga=Catherine’s Town. Shepalavé, Shepalawa, She-pa-la-wee, She-pau’-la-ve, Shepauliva=Shipaulovi. Shepawees, Shepewas=Chippewa. Shepeweyan=Chipewyan. Shepolavi, She-powl-a-we=Shipaulovi. Shepuway=Chippewa. Sherwits=Shivwits. Sheschequon=Sheshequin. She-sha-aht=Seshart. Sheshalegamute=Sheshalek. Sheshatapoosh, Sheshatapooshshoish, poosh= Montagnais. Sheshebug=Sheshebe. She-she-gwah, She-she-gwun=Kenabig. She-shell=Seechelt. Sheshoalik, She-shore-lik—Sheshalek. Shetimasha=Chitimacha. Shetnak=Chitnak. Shevenagamute=Shevenak. Shewamett=—Shawomet. Shewena=Zuii. Shewhap, Shewhapmuch, Shewhapmuh, Shewhap- mukh, She-whaps=Shuswap. She-wo-na= Zuni. She’yen, Sheyennes=Cheyenne. Sh-ha-ha-nih, Shhahanik=Shahanik. Shian, Shia’navo, Shiannes=Cheyenne. Shi-ap/-a-gi=Santa Clara. Shiarish—Cheyenne. Shidska=Soshka. Shiastuckle=Siuslaw. Shi-bal’-ni Po/-mo=Keliopoma, Shibalta=Nestucca. Shich-e-quet-to-ny=Tachikhwutme, Shi-choam-a-vi=Sichomovi. Shicomiko=—Shecomeco. Shi-da’-hetsh= Asidahech. Shi-e-4-la=Cree. Shie’da, Shienne=Cheyenne. S. Hieronymo=Taos. Shiewhibak=Isleta. Shi-e’-ya=Cree. Shigapo= Kickapoo. Shiini=Lipan. Shikapu= Kickapoo. Shikene=Stikine. Shikyaltini= A voyelles. Shil-an-ottine=Thilanottine. Shillicoffy=Chillicothe. Shi-ma-co-vi=Shongopovi. Shimiahmoo=Semiahmoo. Shimmuo=Shimmoah. Shimopavi, Shimopova=Shongopovi. Shimshyans=Tsimshian. Shinacock, Shinecock=Shinnecock, Shineshean=Tsimshian. Shineyagamute=Shiniak. Shingis’s Old Town=Saweunk. Shinglemasy= Meshingomesia. Shingoes—Shenango. Shiniagmiut=Shiniak. Shinicoks, Shinicooks=Shinnecock. Shinikes—Seneca. Shinikooks=Shinnecock. Shiningrua=Shinagrua. Shinnacock=Shinnecock. Shin-nu-mos= Hopi. Shinome= Hopi. Shinuk-kaha=Schekaha, Shinyagamiut—Shiniak, Shi/-oui=Zuii, Sheshat- . . ; 7 E | q a ee oe” UF a BULL. 30] Shi/-pap, Shi-Pap-u, Shi-pa-puyna=Shipapulima. Shi-pau-a-luv-i, Shi-pau-i-luv-i, Shi-pau’-la-vi, Shi- pav-i-luv-i=Shipaulovi. Shipi= Kuta. Shipop=Shipapulima. Shi-powl-ovi=Shipauloyi. Ship-tet-sa=Shiptetza. Shira-hdno=Schira. Shishaldin, Shishaldinskoe=Sisaguk. ; Shishiniwotsitan, Shishino’wits-Itaniuw’, Shi/shino- wutz-hita’neo=Comanche. Shish-i-nu’-wut-tsit/-a-ni-o=— Kiowa. Shiship=Sheshebe. Shis-Indy= Apache. Shis-tah-cos-tahs, Shis-tah-koas-tah, Shis-ta-koos-tee, Shis-ta-ku-sta=Chastacosta. Shitaikt—Snakes. Shitaimuvi=Shitaimu. Shitnak=Chitnak. Shi-ua-na, Shiuano, Shi-uo-na=Zufi. Shiu-t’ainin=Shiu. Shiuwimi-hano=Shuwimi. Shiveytown=Sisseton. Shi-vo-la=Zufhi. Shiwahpi=Siwapi. Shi-wa-na=Zuni. Shiwanish=Nez Percés. Shiwi=Zuii. Shiwian=Aridian, Zuni. Shiwina, Shi-wi-na-kwin, Shiwinas=Zuii. Shi-win-é-wa, Shi-win-na=Sichomovi. Shi-wo-Kiug-mut=Eiwhuelit. Shiwona=Zuni. Shiykaltini=Tamoucougoula.. Shix river=K watami. Shi-ya ‘Shiyans—Cheyenne. Shkagway=Skagway. Shkwim, Shkwin=Sequim. Shlakatats=K likitat. Shituja—Lituya. Shnégitsuish=Snakes. Shoalwater Bay Indians=Atsmitl. Shoccories=Shakori. Shockays, Shockeys=Sauk. Shocktaus=Choctaw. Shodakhai pomo, Sho-do Kai Po/-mo=Shodakhai Pomo. Shoe Indians=Amahami. Shoemeck=Talaniyi. Shoenbrun=Schcenbrunn. Shoenidies=Oka. Shogleys, Shogteys=Sawokli. Shokpay, Shokpaydan, Shokpedan=Taoapa. Shokumimleppe=Shokumimlepi. S'Homahmish=Shomamish. Shomhomokin, Shomoken, Shomokin, Shamokin. Shomonpavi, Shomoparvee=Shongopovi. Shomo Takali=Chomontokali. Shonack= Micmac. Shoneanawetowah=Cayuga. Shongalth Lennas=Stustas. Shongapave’, Shong’-a-pa-vi, Shongoba-vi, Shongo- pavi=Shongopovi. Shonk-chun’-ga-da=Shungikikarachada. Shononowendos=Cayuga. Shoo-schawp, Shooshaps, Shooswabs=Shuswap. Shootamool=Shutamul. Shooter=Khemnichan. Shooters in the Pines=Wazikute. Shootk=Shuuk. Shoouk=Suk. Shoo-wha’-pa-mooh=Shuswap. Shopumish= Nez Percés. Shoquamish=Snoquamish. Shorbanaxon=Shackamaxon. Short hair=Peshla. Short hair band=Peshlaptechela. Sho-sho-co, Sho-sho-coes, Shoshokoes=Shoshoko. Shoshon, Sho-sho-nay, Sho-sho-ne, Shoshonee=Sho- shoni. Shé-sho-nee=Snakes. Shos-shone, Shossoonies, Shothones=Shoshoni. §’ho-ti-non-na-wa" to/-na—Cayuga. $’Hotlmahmish, S'hotlmamish=Shotlemamish. Shou a gan=Sukkwan. Shoudamunk=Nascapee. Shoudamtnk= Montagnais, Shougheys=Sauk, Shomoko= SH1/-PAP—SIBOLA ’ 1139 Shoushwaps, Shouwapemoh, Shouwapemot—Shu- swap. Shouwendadies=Oka. Shovenagamute—Shevenak. Show-a-gan=Sukwan. Showamet=Shawomet. Showammers=Shawnee. Showangunck=Showangunk. Showanhoes, Showannees, Showannoes, oes=Shawnee. Sho’wati=Showwiti. Showatuks= Wunnashowatuckoog. Showays=Cheyenne. Sho/witi=Showwiti. Show-mowth-pa=Shongopovi. Showomut=Shawomet. Showonese, Showonoes=Shawnee. Shquwi=Shruhwi. Shrotsona=Shrutsuna. Shua-vit=Suangua. Shubenakadie, Shubenecadie=Shubenacadie. Shu-chum-a-vay=Sichomovi. Shuckers=Shoshoko. = Shuckospoja—Sukaispoka. Shu-cu=Shuku. Shuekospaga—Sukaispoka. Shu Finne=Shufina. Shuhiayia’gish=Shuyakeksh. Shu-hii-ma=Sowiinwa. Shuitackle=Sintaktl. Shuitna—Chuitna. Shuk-hu-nat-chu=Sukinatchi. Shukku=Shuku. Shumeia= Yukian Family. Shumi= Hopi. Shu-mo-pa-vay=Shongopovi. Shumuit= Ashismuit. Shi-miith-pa, Shi-mith-pai-o-wa, Shung-o-pah-wee, Shung-o-pa-we, Shung-op-ovi=Shongopovi. Shunkasapa=Ohanhanska. Shunk’-a-yu-tésh-ni=Skungkayuteshni. Shiisshun-wichd4sha=Shoshoni. Shu-par-la-vay, Shupaulavi, lewy=Shipaulovi. Shu-qtu’-ta-qlit’/=Shukhtutaklit. Shuren=Churan. Shurts-tun-na=Shrutsuna. Shu-sho-no-vi=Sichomovi. Shushwaps=Kitunahan Family, Salishan Family, Shuswap. Shushwapumsh, Shuswap-much=Shuswap. Shutson, Shitsun’, Shutzuna=Shrutsuna. Shiawhami=Shuwimi. Shuyaké’kish, Shuyake’kshni, Shuyaké’kshni mak- laks, Shuyake’-ksi, Shuyéakéks=Shuyakeksh. Shuyelpees, Shuyelphi, Shuyelpi=Colville. Shtiyikeks—Shuyakeksh. Shwanoes=Shawnee. Shw-aw-mish=Squamish. Shwoi-el-pi—Colville, Shwufum=Kenek. Shyatogoes=Shahaptian. Shyennes=Cheyenne. Shye-ui-beg=Isleta. Shyicks—Shyik. Shyoutémacha=Chitimacha. Shy-to-gas=Shahaptian Family. Shyu-amo=Shuwimi. Siaban=Siaguan. 8. Iacobus de Oiadaibuisc=Ojiataibues Siaexer= Haeser. Siaguane=Siaguan. Siahs=Saia. Si/-a-ko=Shiegho. Siamoeon=Shamokin. Sianabone, Si/-a-na-vo=Cheyenne Sianekees=Seneca. Sians=Saia. Siapanes=Lipan. Siatlqeéla’agq—Siatlhelaak. Siaws=Saia. Siay=Sia. Siaywas=Liaywas. Siba-igewi—Sebaik. Sibapa=Kitkatla. Sibapot=Toybipet. Sibillela, Sibilleta—Sevilleta, Sibola, Sibolla=Zuni. Showan- Shung-a-pa-vi, Shungopawee, Shupowla, Shupow- 1140 Sibolletta=Cebolleta. Si-cabé=Siksika. Sicacas=Chickasaw. Sicacha=Chicaca, Chickasaw. Sicachia=Chickasaw. Sicanees= Etagottine. Sicangu=K heyatawichasha. Sicangu=Brulé. Sicangu-Kutawica’sa— Kutawichasha. Sicannees=Sazeutina. Sicanni, Sicanny=Sekani. Sicaock, Sicaogg=—Sukiaug. Si/catl—Seechelt. Si-ca-tugs—Secatoag. Sicaugu=Brulé. Sicaunies=Sekani. Si-¢a-wi-pi=Tinazipeshicha. Siccane, Siccanie, Siccannie, Siccony=Sekani. Sichangus, Si-chan-koo—Brulé. Si-choan-avi, Sichomivi, Si-chum/’-a-vi, Sichumnavi, Sichumniva, Sichumovi=Sichomovi. Si’ciatl=Seechelt. Sickameen, Sick-a-mun=Siccameen. Sickanie, Sickannie=Sekani. Sickenames= Pequot. Sicketauyhacky, Sicketawach, Sicketawagh, Sicke- teuwhacky=Secatoag. Sickmunari=Sichomovi. Sick-naa-hulty=Siknahadi. Sickoneysincks, Siconescinque=Siconesses. Siconi=Sekani. Siconysy=Siconesses. Sicopan=Secotan. Sicosuilarmiut=Sikosuilarmiut. Sicouex= Dakota. Sicumnes=Sekumne. Sicxacames=Sijame. Sidanak, Sidankin=Biorka. Sidaru, Sida/runmiun=Sidarumiut. Sid-is-kine—Tzetseskadn. Sidocaw=Paviotso. §i/-e= Klamath. S. Iean=San Juan. Sienaguilla, Sienega—Cienega. Sieouex= Dakota. Sierra— Caruana. Sierra Blanca Apaches, Sierra Blancas, Sierra Blanco peanne; Sierras blancas=White Mountain Apa- che. Sié/tcEm=Siechem. Siete Arroyos=Tenabo. Siete Cibdades=Zuni. Siete Principes Ati=Ati. Sieux= Dakota. . Ignacio=San Ignacio. . Ignacio Bacanora=Bacanora. . Ignacio del Zape=Zape. . Ignacio de Tubac=Tubac. Ignacio Guaynamota—Guaynamota. . Ignacio Mochopa= Mochopa. . Ignacio Opotu=Oputo. . Ignacio Sinoquipe=Sinoquipe. . Ignacio Subaque=Suaqul. . Ignazio di Kadakaaman=San Ignacio de Kada- kaman. Siguipam=Siupam. Siguniktawak—Sigunikt. Si-ha-sa-pa=Siksika. Siha-sapa-qtca, Sihasapa-rca—Sihasapakhcha. Si-he’-bi=Suhub. Si-him-e-na=Siamannas. Si/-hii win-wi=Sihu. Sikacha=Chickasaw. Si-kah-ta-ya, Sikahtayo=Sikyataiyo. Si-ka’k-i=Sikyatki. S!ikanaxsa/ni=Kake. Sikani, Sikanie, Sikanni, Sikannie=Sekani. Sik/-a-pu= Kickapoo. Sikatsipomaks=Sikutsipumaiks. Sikcitano=Siksika. Si-ke-na=Maricopa, Papago, Pima. Sikennies=Sekani. Siketeuhacky—Secatoag. Siknaq’a’dé, S!iknaxa/di=Siknahadi. Sikne=Seneca. Sikohitsim=—Sikokitsimiks. Sikonesses=Siconesses. Sikosuilaq=Sikosuilak. Sikoua= Pecos. NANNNNNNNNN SIBOLLETTA—SINKAYUS [B. A.B. Siksekai=Siksika. Sik/ses-téne’=K watami. Siksi¢ela=Shikshichela. Siksi¢ena—Shikshichena. Siksikai=Siksika. Siksinokaiiks—Siksinokaks. Sikskékuanak=Siksika. Sikuyé= Pecos. Sikyataiyo winwi, taiyo. Si-kya/-tci, Sikyatci winwa=Sikyachi. Silawi/nmiun=Selawigmiut. S. Ildefonse, 8. Ildefonsia, S. Ildefonso=San Ilde- fonso. 8. Ildefonso Ostimuri=Ostimuri. Silem=Sillery. Silka=Coyoteros. Silla, Sille=Sia. Sillerie=Sillery. Silos= Pueblo de los Silos. Silpaleeis=Salpilel. Sil/-qke-me’-tce-ta/-tin=Silkhkemechetatun. Siltaden=Tsiltaden. Simamish=Samamish. Simano’lalgi, Simano’la‘li=Seminole. Simas= Pima. Simbalakees=Tamuleko. Sim-e-lo-le=Seminole. Sim-e-no-le-tal-lau-haf-see=Talahassee. Simenolies=Seminole. Simiahmoo, Simiamo=Semiahmoo. Similikameen=Similkameen. Similoculgee, Siminoles=Seminole. Simmagons=Seneca. Simojueves=Chemehuevi. Simomo=Simaomo. Simonde, Simonolays, nole. Simpsian, Simseans—Tsimshian. Sim-i-no-li=Seminole. Simupapa=Sibubapa. Sinacks=Seneca. Sinacsops=Smackshop. Sinacsta=Sinaesta. Sinagars—Seneca. Sinagnia=Imagnee. Sinagoux=Sinago. Sinahamish, Sinahomas, Sin-a-ho-mish, Sinahoumez= Snohomish. Sinakaidusish=Sinkiuse. Sinakees, Sinakers=Seneca. Sinako=Sinago. Sinaloa=Cahita. Sina-luta-oin=Shinalutaoin. Sinamiut=Sinimiut. Sinapans=Lipan. Sinapoil, Sinapoiluch=Sanpoil. Sinarmete=Sinar. Sinaru=Sinimiut. Si/-na-rxit-li/-tin=Sinarghutlitun. Sinatcheggs—Senijextee. Si/ndat!ais=Sindatahls. Sindiyui=Kongtalyui. Sindjalé—Sindzhale. Sinecas, Sineckes=Seneca. Sinecu=Senecu del Sur. Sin-ee-guo-men-ah=Spokan. Sinekas, Sinekees, Sinekes, Sinekies, Sineks, Sine- ques=Seneca. Sineramish=Snohomish. Singick=Sinuk. Singos=Sinago. Sing-sings=Sintsink. Sin-ha-ma-mish=Spokan. Sinhioto=Sonnioto. Sin-hu, Sinhumanish=Spokan. Sinica, Sinicaes, Sinicker—Seneca Sinici—Senecu del Sur. Sinikers=Seneca. Sinimijut=Sinimiut. Siniogamut=Sinuk. Sinipouals=Sanpoil. Siniques=Seneca. Sinis=Zuii. Si ni’-té-li= Nestucca, Tillamook Si ni’-té-li yinné=Alsea. Sin’/-ja-ye-ga= Wasabe. Sinkayus=Sinkiuse. Si-kya’-tai-yo wan-wi=Sikya- Simonolays-Crécks=Semi- Se a ee BULL. 30] Sinkoman=Spokan. Sinksink=Sintsink. Sinkuaili=Okinagan. Sinkumana=Spokan. Sinnacock=Shinnecock. Sinnagers, Sinnakees, Sinnakers, Sinnakes=Seneca. Sinnamish—Snohomish. Sinnaques, Sinnecas, Sinneche, Sinneck, Sinneckes, Sinneco, Sinnecus, Sinnedowane, Sinnek, Sinne- kaes, Sinnekas, Sinnekees, Sinnekens=Seneca. Sinneken’s Castle=Oneida fvil.). Sinnekes, Sinnekies, Sinnekis, Sinnekus, Sinnequaas, Sinnequas, Sinnequens, Sinneques, Sinnequois, Sinnicars, Sinnicas, Sinnichees, Sinnickes, Sin- nickins, Sinnicks, Sinnicus, Sinnikaes,Sinnikes, Sin- niques, Sinnodowannes, Sinnodwannes, Sinnokes, Sinnondewannes=Seneca. Sinnyu=Sinyu. Sinodouwas, Sinodowannes=Seneca. Sinojos=Sinago. Sinondowans=Seneca. Sinoyeca= Loreto. Sinpaivelish, Sinpauélish, Sin-poh-ell-ech-ach, Sin- poil, Sin-poil-er-hu, Sin-poil-schne=Sanpoil. S’inpikti/m= Npiktim. Sinselan, Sinselano, Sinselau, Sinselaw=Siuslaw. Sinsincks, Sinsinegs, Sin-Sing=Sintsink. Sinsitwans=Sisseton. Sin-slih-hoo-ish=Sinslikhooish. Sin-spee-lish= Nespelim. Sinta’kL=Sintaktl. Sin-te’-lida wi-ca-sa=Shoshoni. Sin-too-too, Sintou-tou-oulish=Sintootoolish. Sinjsax¢ée— Tsishusindtsakdhe, Sintsinck= Manhasset. Sintsings=Sintsink. Sinuitskistux—Senijextee. Sin-who-yelp-pe-took=Colville. Sinyaupichkara—San Dieguito. Sioane=Saone. Sidki, Si-o’-ki-bi, Si-o’-me=Zufi. Sionassi—Sconassi. Sione=Saone. Sionimone=Sichomovi. Sionne=Saone. Siooz, Sios= Dakota. 8. Iosepho= Patoqua. Siou= Dakota. Siouan=Siouan Family. Siou Mendeouacanton=Mdewakanton. Siounes, Siouones=Saone. Siouse= Dakota. Sioushwaps=Shuswap. Siouslaws=Siuslaw. Sioust= Dakota. Sioux=Dakota, Siouan Family, Tiou. Sioux de |’Est—Santee. Sioux des prairies=Teton. Siouxes= Dakota. Sioux Mindawarcarton=Mdewakanton. Sioux nomades, Sioux occidentaux=T'eton. Sioux of the Broad Leaf=Wahpekute. Sioux of the Leaf=Wahpeton. Sioux of the Meadows, Sioux of the Plain= Sioux of the Prairies=Matatoba. Sioux of the River, Sioux of the River St. Peter’s= Santee. Sioux of the Rocks=Assiniboin. Sioux of the Savannas=Teton. Sioux of the Woods, Sioux orientaux—Santee. Sioux-Osages—Osage. Siouxs= Dakota. Sioux sédentaires—Santee. Siouxs of the Lakes=Mdewakanton. Siouxs who shoot in the Pine Tops= Wazikute. Sioux-Tentons, Sioux Teton=Teton. Sioux Wahpacoota=Wahpekute. Sioux Wahpatone= Wahpeton. Siowes=Saone. Si-oxes= Dakota. Sipan=Lipan. Siposka-numakaki=Sipushkanumanke. Sippahaws=Sissipahaw Si-pu’/-cka nu-man/-ke, pushkanumanke, Siquitchib= K watami. Sira-grins=Shregegon. Sircie—Sarsi. Sirinueces, Sirinueses=Shawnee. Teton. Sipuske-Numangkake=Si- SINKOMAN—S. JEROME DE LOS TAOS 1141 Sirkhintaruk=Sargentaruka, Sirmilling=Sirmiling. Siros= Piro. Siroux= Dakota. Sisaghroano= Missisauga. Sisapapa=Sihasapa. Sisatoone, Sisatoons, Siseton, Sisetwans—Sisseton. Sishat=Seshart. Sishu=Sesum, S. Isidoro Numanas= Pueblo de los Jumanos. Si’ sinLaé=Sisintlae. Sisin-towanyan, Sisi toan, Sisitons, Sisiton way, Si-si- t’'wans=Sisseton. Sisizha-nin—Shoshoni. Sisk=Susk. Si/ska, Siska Flat=—Cisco. Sis- -ky- -ou=Karok. Sisoquichi=Isoguichic. Sis’-qas- -li/-tan= Siskhaslitun. Sis’-qiin-me’ yinné= Yaquina. Sissatones, Sissatons, Sisseeton, Sissetoans, sisse- tong, Sissetonwan—Sisseton. Sissipahau=Sissipahaw. Sissisaguez—= Missisauga. Sissispahaws=Sissipahaw. Sissitoan, Sissiton, Sissitongs, Sissi-t’wan=Sisseton. Sis-stsi-mé= Sitsime. Sistasoona, Sistasoone=Sisseton. Sisticoosta=Chastacosta. Sistons=Sisseton. Si-stsi-mé=Sitsime. Sisumi=Sesum. Si-tanga—Chedunga. Sitca=Sitka. Sitca/nétl=Sichanetl. Sit-can-xu=Brulé. Sitcanxu=Sichanghu. Sitcha=Sitka. Si-tchom-ovi, Sitcomovi, Si-tcum’/-o-vi=Sichomoyi. Sitka-kwan, Sitka-qwan, Sitkas—Sitka. Sitkeas=Siksika. Sitkhinskoe=Sitka. Sitleece=Setlia. Siton=Teton. Stitqoe’di=Sitkoedi. Sits-hanoch=Tsits. Sitsimé= Laguna. Sitska binohpaka=Seechkaberuhpaka. Sittéowi= Uzutiuhi. Sittiquo—Sitiku. Si-’ twans=Sisseton. Siuola= Zuni. Siur Poils=Sanpoil. Siusclau, Siuselaws=Siuslaw. Si-vel= Lawilvan. Sivilihoa=Sibirijoa. Sivilleta=Sevilleta. Sivinte=Shivwits. Sivirijoa=Sibirijoa. Sivits=Shivwits. Sivola, Sivolo, Sivulo=Zuii. Sivux— Dakota. Si-vwa’-pi, Sivwapi wii wi=Siwapi. Si-wahs=Katimin. Siwannoki=Casa Grande. Siwanoos=Siwanoy. Siwer= Dakota. Siwhipa=Isleta. Siwinna=Sichomovi. Six=K watami, Taoapa. Six Allied Nations=Iroquois. Sixame=Sijame. Sixes=K watami. Sixes Old Town=Sutali. Six-he-kie-koon, Sixikau’a=Siksika. Six Nations—Iroquois. Six Nations living at Sandusky— Mingo. Sixtowns, Six Towns Indians=Oklahannali. Siya= Sia. Siyanguayas= Sillanguayas. Si-yan-ti, Si-yau-te=Siyante. Siyélpa= ‘Colville. Siyo-subula=Shiyosubula. Siyo-tayka=Shiyotanka. 8. Javier, 8. Javier Bac, S. Javier del Bacel=San Xavier del Bac. 8. Jean=San Juan. S. Jérome de los Taos, 8. Jeronimo de Taos, S. Jeronimo de Toos=Taos. 1142 . Joachin=San Joaquin. Joanne=San Juan. Joaquin=Basosuma. Joaquin y Sta Ana (Nuri)=Nuri. Joaquin y Sta Ana Tepachi=Tepachi. John=San Juan. José=San José. . José de Joconostla—Joconostla. José del Tizonazo=Tizonazo. Josef, S. Josefo=Patoqua. José Imuri=Imuris. José Matape=Matape. Joseph de Soy6pa=Soyopa. Jua=San Juan de los Jemez. Juan Bautista=San Juan Bautista. Juan Capistrano, S. Juan Capistrano de Ulurituc= Uturitue. Juan Corapa=Corapa. Juan de Guachinela= Huachinera. Juan de Mata= Mata. . Juan Guachinera= Huachinera. Juan Peyotan=Peyotan. Juan Quiburi=Quiburi. Judas Tadeo=Tadeo Vaqui. Skaachkook, Skaahkook=Scaticook. Skaap=Khaap. Skacewanilom= A bnaki. Skachhooke, Skachkock, Skachkoke, Skachkook, Skachticokes, Skackkook, Skackoor, Skacktege= Seaticook. Skad-dat, Skad-datts=Skaddal. . Skadjats, Skadjets, Skagats, Skaget=Skagit. Skaghhook=Scaticook. Skaghnanes, Skaghquanoghronos=Nipissing. Skaguay, Skagwa=Skagway. Ska-hak-bush=Skahakmehu. Skaigee=Skoiyase. Skaikai’Eten=Skekaitin. Skai-na-mish=Skihwamish. Skaisi= Kutenai. Skaiwhamish=Skihwamish. Sk‘a/-jub=Skagit. Ska-ka-bish, Ska-ka-mish=Skokomish. Skakies=Sauk. Skakobish=Skokomish. Skala/li= Tuscarora. Skal-lum=Clallam. Skalza, Skalzi, Skalzy—Kutenai. Skama=Gulhilgildjing. Skamoken, Skamokin=Shamokin. Ska-moy-num-achs=Spokan. Skanatiarationo, Skaniadaradighroonas, Skaniata- ratihdka, Skaniatarationo, Skanigadaradigh- roonas, Skaniodaraghroonas= Nanticoke. Skaocin=Skauishan. Skao nans=Sulu-stins. Sk-apa, Skappah=Skappa. Sk’a’-qaus=Skakhaus. Skaquahmish, Skaquamish=Skokomish. S$ka-ri-ré”’ = Tuscarora. Skasquamish=Skokomish. Skatapushoish= Montagnais. Skaticok, Skattock=Scaticook. Sk:au/élitsk=Scowlitz. ’Skaui/can=Skauishan. Skaun-ya-ta-ha-ti-thawk=Nanticoke. Ska/utal—Skaddal. Skawaghkees=Oquaga. Skawah-looks=Skwawahlooks. Skawendadys=Oka. Skawhahmish, Ska-whamish=Skihwamish. Skayshurunu= Foxes. Ska’-yase, Skayes=Skoiyase. Skea-wa-mish=Skihwamish. Skecaneronons= Nipissing. Skec’-e-ree=Skidi. Ske-chei-a-mouse=Skecheramouse. Skee-cha-way=Skitswish. Skeedans=Skedans. Skee’-de, Skeedee, Skee-e-ree=Skidi. Skeelsomish=Skitswish. Skeen=Skinpah. Skeena Indians=Tsimshian. Skeeree=Skidi. Skeetsomish, Skeetsonish=Skitswish, Skehandowana= Wyoming. Skeina=Tsano. Skekaneronons, Skekwanenhronon=Nipissing. Skelsa/-ulk= Kutenai. RANNNAR NNNNNMANW UMMM 02 02 S. JOACHIN—SKRAELINGS Ske-luh=Okinagan. Skenappa=Skanapa. Skenchiohronon= Foxes. Skensowahneronon=Saint Francis. Skepah=Skappa. Skequaneronon=Nipissing. ‘ Skere, Skerreh=Skidi. ’ Sketapushoish= Montagnais. : §’ke-tehl-mish, S’ketehmish=Sktehlmish. Sketigets=Skidegate. Sket-shiotin=Skichistan. Sketsomish, Sketsui=Skitswish. Skeysehamish=Skihwamish. Ske-yuh=Ntlakyapamuk. Skey-wah-mish, Skeywhamish=Skihwamish. S’Khinkit=—Tlingit. Skicoack=Skicoak. Skid-a-gate—Skidegate. ' Skidans, Skidanst=Skedans. + Ski/daoqao=Skidaokao. Skiddan=Skedans. Skid-de-gates, Skiddegeet, Haade=Skidegate. Skidegattz—Skidegate, Skittagetan Family. Skidigate=Skidegate. Skidoukou=Skidaokao. Skien=Skinpah. Skighquan=Nipissing. Skihoah=Skicoak. \ Skilakh=Skilak. Skillools, Skillute, Skilluts, Skillutts=Skilloot. Skim-i-ah-moo=Semiahmoo. Skin=Skinpah7z _ t Skinnacock=Shinnecock. Ski/npa=Skinpah. Skin pricks=Tawehash. Skiquamish=Skokomish. Ski-shis-tin=Skichistan. Sk!i’ sLa-i na-i xada/-i=Skistlainai-hadai. Skit’a-get, Skit-e-gates, Skit-ei-get—Skidegate. Skit-mish, Skitsaih, Skitsamiiq, Skitsui, Skitsuish— Skitswish. Skittagete=Skidegate. Skittagets—Skidegate, Skittagetan Family. Skitt de gates, Skittegas, Skittegats, Skittgetts— Skidegate. Skiuses=Cayuse. Skiwhamish=Skihwamish. Sk-Khabish=Sekamish. Sk lale=Stlaz. S’Klallams, S'Klallan, SKlal-lum=Clallam, Sklarkum=Sanpoil. Sk’muc=Kimus. Skoa/tl’adas=Skwahladas. Skoch Hook=Scaticook. Skoffies= Nascapee. Skog=Skooke. Sko-har’-le=Schoharie. Skohuashki= K ohashti. Skoi-el-poi=Colville. Skois’chint= Mountain Crows. Skoi-yace=Skoiyase. Skokale=Shaukel. Skokamish=Skokomish. Sko-ki ha"-ya’/=Creeks. $ko-kobe’=Skokomish. Skokomish=Twana. Skokonish=Skokomish. Skolale=Shaukel. Skolsa= Kutenai. S’Komish=Skokomish. S’Komook=Comox. Sko-ne’-ase=Skoiyase. Skoomic=Squawmish. Skopa=Tapishlecha. Sko-pabsh=Skopamish. Skopah=Skappa. Skopebaclah, Skope-4hmish, Skope-a-mish=S kopa- mish, Sko-sko-mish=Skokomish. $'Kosle-ma-mish=Shotlemamish. Skotacook=Scaticook. Skoton-Shasta=Chasta-Skoton. Skowall=Skwawahlooks. Skowliti=Scowlitz. Skoxwa’/k=Skohwak. Sk‘qoa/mic, Sk'qo/mic=Squawmish. Skraelings, Skrellingav, Skrellings, Skroelingues= Eskimo. Od Skidegat, Skidegate ee ee ee ee ae _— -_ ee eee ee ee a x Skrellings, BULL. 30] Sk-tah-le-gum=Sktahlejum. Sk-tahl-mish=Sktehlmish. Skudishéni=Siksika. Skuakisagi= Foxes. Skuck-stan-a-jumps=Sktahlejum. Sk!u’ das=Skudus. Skuhuak=Skohwak. Skuksxat=Skukskhat. Skukum Chuck=Skookum Chuck. Skulkayu=Skaukel. Skunk= Hokarutcha, Kunipalgi. Skunnemoke=Attacapa. Skunnepaw=Skanapa. Skuoua’/k*k=Skohwak. Skuppah=Skappa. Sku’-rxit=Skurghut. Skutani=Atsina. Skuwha, Skuwka=Skohwak. Skuya’m=Skweahm. Skuyélpi=Colville. Skuszy Skt: ; Skwahw-sda+bé=Squaxon. Skwai-aitl=Squaitl. S Skwak-sin, Skwak-sin-a-mish=Squaxon. Skwa’/-Kwel= Kaquaith. Skwale, Sk‘wa-lé-ibe, Skwali, Skwalliahmish,Skwalz= Nisqualli. Skw-amish=Squamish, Squawmish. Skwa’/nana=Squannaroo. Skwawksen, Skwawksin, Skwawksnamish=Squaxon. Skwaw-mish=Squamish. Skyit’au’k'o=Skidaokao. Sky-lak-sen=Skaleksum. Sky-Man= Makhpiyawichashta. Skynses, Skyuse=Cayuse. Sky-wa-mish=Skihwamish. Sla’aqtl, Sla’‘axL=—Slaaktl. 8-lab’ wunwu=Salabi. Slakagulgas=Hlahlokalka. Sla-na-pa=Tzlanapah. Slaoucud-dennie, Sla-i/-ah-kus-tinneh=Tluskez. Slavé=Kawchodinne, Thlingchadinne. Slave Indians=Etchareottine, Ettchaottine. Slave Indians of Ft Liard=Etcheridiegottine. Slaves=Etchareottine. Slaves proper=Etchaottine. Slavey=Etchareottine. SLaxa’yux=Upper Fraser Band. SLaz=Stlaz. S. Lazaro, S. Lazarus=San Lazaro. Sleepy Eyes=Chansdachikana. Sleepy kettle band=Cheokhba. Sl'e’na la’ nas=Stlenga-lanas. SLétz=Stlaz. S$. Limon Tucsani=Tucsani. SL!i/ ndagwa-i=Stlindagwai. Slka-tkml]-schi=Kalispel. S. Lorent=San Lorenzo. 8. Lorenzo=Picuris, San Lazaro, San Lorenzo. 8. Lorenzo de los Picuries=Picuris. 8. Lorenzo del Realito=San Lorenzo. S. Lorenzo de Picuries=Picuris. Slosh=Schloss. Slouacous dinneh, Slouacus Dennie, Sloua-cuss Dinais, Slouacuss Tinneh, Slowacuss, Slowercuss, Slowercuss-Dinai, Slua-cuss-dinais, Sluacus- tinneh=Tluskez. S. Lucas de Galpa=Galpa. S. Ludlov de Bacapa=Bacapa. S. Luis Babi=San Luis Babi. 8. Luis Bacapa=Bacapa. S. Luis Bacuancos=Bacuancos. S. Luis de Bacapa=Bacapa. 8. Luis Gonzaga Bacadeguachi=Bacadeguachi. S, Luis Guebavi=Guevavi. S. Luis Obispo Sevilleta—Sevilleta. S. Luis Quitobac=Bacapa. Sluktla’ kten=Mtlaktlakitin. Slumagh=Slumach. Smacshop, Smacsops=Smackshop. S. Magdalena=Buguibava. —~ Sma-hoo-men-a-ish=Spokan. Smak-shop=Smackshop. Sma-léh-hu=Smalihu. Smalh, Smalhkahmish=Smulkamish. Sma-lih-hu=Smalihu. Small-bird gens= Wazhinkaenikashika. Small Brittle Fat=Inuksikahkopwaiks. Small People=Iskulani. zis. v SK-TAH-LE-GUM—SOGAHATCHES 1143 Small Robes=Inuksiks. : 8. Marcellus, S. Marcelo de Sonoitac, S. Marcelo Sonoydag=Sonoita. S. Maria de Sucunca=Suamea. S. Mark=San Marcos. * S. Martin, S. Martin of the Opas=San Martin. Smascops=Smackshop. S. Mateo=San Mateo. 8S. Mateo Caut=—Cant. S. Mateo Soroydad=Sonoita. S. Mathias de Tutomagoidag=Tutomagoidag. S. Matias Tutum=Tutum. S. Matthaeus de Sicoroidag=Sicoroidag. Smelkameen=Similkameen. Smel-ka-mish=Smulkamish. Smess=Sumass. - Michael, S. Miguel=San Miguel Zuaque. - Miguel Babispe=Babispe. . Miguel Bacuachi= Bacuachi. . Miguel de Vavispe=Babispe. . Miguel Toape=Toape. . Miguel Yonora= Yonora. Smilé’kamug=Stuichamukh. Smilé’qamux, Smilkameen, Smilkamin, Smilkémiy= Similkameen. Smith River Indians=K haamotene. Smith Sound Eskimo=Ita. S(anta]. M[aria]. Magdalen=Buquibaya. Smockshop, Smokshops=Smackshop. Smulcoe=Smulkamish. S-na-a-chikst—Senijextee. S-na-ha-em, Snahaim, Snahain=Snakaim. Snake Diggers= Paiute, Shoshoni. Snake Indians=Comanche, Shoshoni. Snake Root ee ostivee: Snalatine=Atfalati. Snanaimooh, Snanaimug=Nanaimo. Snegs=Shoshoni. Sn. Felipe=Terrenate. Sniekes=Seneca. Snihtlimih=Senktl. Sn Juan=San Juan. Snoa=Shoshoni. Sno-dom-ish=Snohomish. Sno-kwal-mi-yukh, Snokwalmu=—Snoqualmu. Snonoos, Sno-no-wus=Snonowas. Snoqualamick, Sno-qual-a-muhe, Sno-qual-a-muke, Snoqualimich, Sno-qualimick, Snoqualmie, Sno- qualmoo, Sno-qual-mook=Snoqualmu. Sno-uo-wus=Snonowas. Sn Phelipe, S: Philip de queres=San Felipe. Snpoilixix, Snpuélish—Sanpoil. Snuk=Suk. Snu/L’ ElaL=Snutlelatl. Snxayus,=Sinkiuse. Snyxumina=Spokan. Soacatina=Soacatino. Soayalpi—Colville. Soba=Pitic. Sobahipuris, Sobaihipure, Sobaiporis, Sobaipotis, Sobaipures, Sobaipuris Pimas=Sobaipuri. Sobal-ruck=Smulkamish. Sobas=Soba. Sobaypures, Sobaypuris=Sobaipuri. Soboba=Saboba. Socatoon=Sacaton. Soccokis, Soccoquis=Sokoki. Soccorro=Socorro del Sur. Soccouky=Sokoki. Sockacheenum=Shuswap. Soc-kail-kit=Sokchit. Sock-a-muke=Sakumehu. Sockegones, Sockhigones—Sokoki. Sock Indians=Sooke. Socklumnes= Mokelumne. Sock o par toy=Sakapatayi. Socktish=Sockchit. Soclan=Saclan. Socoas=Shokhowa. Socokis=Sokoki. Socollomillos=Clear Lake Indians. Socoquiois, Socoquis, Socoquois—Sokoki. Socora, Socoro—Socorro, Socorro del Sur. Socorro=Aymay. Socorra, Socorre=Socorro. Socorro=Socorro del Sur. Socouky=Sokoki. Soegatzy—Oswegatchie. Sogahatches=Saugahatchi. ANNNNUN 1144 Sogkonate=Saconnet. Sogo=Soco. Sogorem=Aperger. Soguspogus=Sukaispoka. Sohkon, Soh’-koon=Sawcunk. So’hl=Sonsa. Sohmish=Samish. Sohokies=Sokoki. Soieenos=Somenos. Soi-il-enu, Soi it inu=Tsawatenok. Soisehme=Suisun. Sok=Sooke. Sokakies=Sokoki. Sokaspoge=Sukaispoka. So-kéa-keit=Sokchit. Sokes=Sooke. Sok-kail-kit=—Sokchit. Sokkie=Sauk. So-ko’-a=Shokhowa. Sokokies, Sokokiois=Sokoki. Sokones, Sokonesset=Succonesset. Sokoquiois, Sokoquis, Sok8akiak, Sokouakiaks, So- koueki=Sokoki. Soktich=Sokchit. Solackeyu=Solakiyu. Solameco=Chiaha. Solano=San Francisco Solano. Soledad=Nuestra Sefiora de la Soledad. Sol-ke-chuh=Saltketchers. Sololumnes=Tuolumne. Solotluck=Wishosk. Solumnees=Tuolumne. Somass=Tsomosath. Somena=Ntlakyapamuk, Siamannas. So-me-nau=Somenos. Somes=Somo. So/mexulitx—Somehulitk. Somhotnehan=Somhotnechau. §‘o-mus=Somo. Somyotnechau=Somhotnechau. Songars—Songish. Songasketons, Songaskicons, Songasquitons, Songa- stikon, Songats, Songatskitons—Sisseton. Songees=Songish. Songeskitons, Songeskitoux, Songestikons=Sis- seton. Songhees=Stsanges. Songhies=Songish. Songoapt=—Shongopovi. Soni=Sonoita. Sonikanik, Soni-k’ni= Wichita. Sonkaskitons=Sisseton. Sonkawas=Tonkawa. Sonnioto=Scioto. Sonnontoeronnons, Sonnontouaheronnons=Seneca. Sonnontouan=Totiakton. Sonnontotieronnons, Sonnontovans=Seneca. Sonoaitac, Sonoi, Sonoitac=Sonoita. Sonoma=San Francisco Solano. Sonomas, Sonomellos, Sonomos, Sonons=Sonomi. Sonontoehronnons, Sonontoerrhonons, Sonontouaé- ronons, Sonontotanhrronon, Sonontouans, Sonon- touehronon, Sonontouons, Sonontrerrhonons= Seneca. Sonora=Opata. Sonorita, Sonoytac=Sonoita. Sonsobe=Tomsobe. Sontaouans= Ottawa. Sontouaheronnons, Sontouhoironon, Sontouhoue- thonons=Seneca. So-nus’-ho-gwa-to-war=Cayuga. Sonwuckolo=Sawokli. Soo= Dakota. Sooc-he-ah=Sukaispoka. Soof-Curra=Tsofkara. Soo-i-soo-nes=Suisun. Sookee=Soquee. Sook-e-nock-e=Sukinatchi. Sook-kamus=Suk, Kimus. Soones= Zuni. Soon-noo-daugh-we-no-wenda=Cayuga. Soo-pas-ip=Supasip. Soopis, Soopus= Esopus. Soo-wan’-a-mooh=Okinagan. So-pak’-tu=Sopaktalgi. Sopes, Sopez= Esopus. Sopono=Sopone. Sopopo=Soyopa. Sopori=Sepori. SOGKONATE—SOW ANIA [B. A. B. Sopus=Esopus, Tunxis. Soquachjck, Soquackicks=Sokoki. Soquagkeeke—Squawkeag. Soquamish=Suquamish. Soquatucks, Soquokis, Soquoquioii, Soquoquiss— Sokoki. Soraphanigh=Sarapinagh. Sorcerers=Nipissing. Sore backs=Chankaokhan. Soricoi, Sorriquois= Micmac. Sorsi=Sarsi. Sosemiteiz, S-osemity=A wani. Soshawnese, Soshonees, Soshones—=Shoshoni. So-so-ba, So-so/-bu-bar=Shobarboobeer. So/-so-i-ha/-ni=Shoshoni. Sosokos=Shoshoko. So-so-na, Sosone, Sosonee, Sosones, So’-so-ni=Sho- shoni. Sotaeo=Sutaio. Sotchaway=Alachua. Soténna=Sarsi. Soteomellos=Wappo. Sothoues, Sothouis=Uzutiuhi- Sothuze, Sotoes=Chippewa. Sotomieyos= Wappo. Sotonis=Uzutiuhi. Sotoos=Chippewa. Sotoriva=Saturiba. Sotos, Sotouis=Uzutiuhi. Sotoyomes=Wappo.. SotsL=Sotstl. Sotto=Chippewa. Soturiba=Saturiba. Souchitiony, Souchitionys=Doustioni, Uzutiuhi. Souckelas=Sawokli. Soudayé=Kadohadacho. Soues, Souex= Dakota. Sougahatchee=Saugahatchi. Sougaskicons=Sisseton. Sou-go-hat-che=Saugahatchi. Souhane=Suwanee. Souikilas=Sawokli. Souissouns=Suisun. Souix= Dakota. Soulier Noir, Souliers=Amahami. Soulikilas=Sawokli. Soulteaux—Chippewa. Soundun=Sundum. Sounés=Zufii. Sountouaronons=Seneca. Souon, Souon-Teton=Saone. Souquel=Osacalis. Souricois, Sourikois, Sourikwosiorum, Souriquois, Souriquosii, Sourriquois= Micmac. Sous=Dakota. Sou Saida=Saucita. Soushwaps=Shuswap. Sousitoon=Sisseton. Souteus=Chippewa. Southampton=Saugeen. Southampton Indians=Shinnecock. South Bay Indians=Nusehtsatl. Southern=Chinookan Family, Nootka, Salishan Family. Southern Apaches=Faraon, Gila Apache. Southern Arapahoes, Southern Band=Nawunena. Southern Chiricahua=Chiricahua. Southern Indians=Cree, Mashpee, Maskegon. Southern Killamuk= Yaquina. Southern Minquas=Conestoga. Southern Pimas=Nevome. Southois, Southouis=Uzutiuhi. South Sea Indians= Mashpee. South Sussetons= Miakechakesa South Thompson=Halaut. Southton=Shinnecock. South Yanktons= Yankton. Souties=Chippewa. Soutouis=Uzutiuhi. Souwagoolo, Souwogoolo—Sawok: Soux=Dakota. Souyoto=Scioto, Sonnioto. Sovovo=Saboba. Sowaams=Pokanoket. Sowahegen Indians=Souhegan. Sowam, Sowame, Sowamsett= Pokanoket. Sowan=Saone. Sowanakas=Shawnee. Sowania=Southern Cheyenne. eS a BULL, 30] Sowanokas, Sowanokees=Shawnee. Sowans= Pokanoket. Sow-a-to=—Comanche. Sowgahatcha, Sow ga hatch cha=Saugahatchi. Sowhylie=Tsoowahlie. Sowint winwi, So’-win-wa=Sowiinwa. Sowi winwu=Sowi. Sowocatuck=—Sokoki. Sowoccolo=—Sawokli. Sowocotuck=Sokoki. So-wok-ko-los=Sawokli. Sowonia=Southern Cheyenne. Sow-on-no, Sowonokees=Shawnee. Sowquackick=Sokoki. Sow-wames, Sowwams= Pokanoket. Soyennom=Soyennow. Soyopas= Mohave. 8. Pablo Baibcat=Baibcat. 8. Pablo Comuripa=Cumuripa. 8. Pablo Pescadero= Pescadero. 8. Pablo Quiburi=Quiburi. Spah-a-man=Spahamin. Spa-ki-um=Spapium. Spallumacheen, Spallumcheen=Spallamcheen. Spanish Indians—Churchcates. Spanish Yuki= Witukomnom. Spanish Yutes=Ute. 8. Pantaleon Aribaiba=Aribaiba. Spapiam=Spapium. Spa’ptsEn, S-pap-tsin=Spatsum. Sparrowhawks=Crow. Spatsim=Spatsum. 8. Paulus=San Pablo. Spa/xEmin=Spahamin. Spayam=Spaim. Speckled Pani= Wichita. §. Pedro=Cumuripa. 8. Pedro de Ixtacan=Ixtacan. §. Pedro Jicara—Jicara. 8. Pedro Turisai=Turisai. Spe/im=Spaim. Spelemcheen, Spellamcheen, Spellammachum=Spal- lamcheen. Spena=Dakubetede. ees Bridge, Spences Bridge Indians=Nskakaul- en. S. Petrus=San Pedro. Speyam=Spaim. S. Phelipe, S. Philip—San Felipe. Spicheats, Spicheets=Spichehat. §’pi-lil=Salpilel. Split Livers=Tapishlecha. Spogans, Spokains, Spokane, Spo-keh-mish, Spo- kehnish, Spokein, Spokens, Spo-kih-nish, Spoki- neish, Spokines, Spokomish=Spokan. Spo’/zém=Spuzzum. Spring Creeks—Bidai. Spring Gardens=Talahassee. Spring Indians=Tyigh. Spring-people=Nushaltkagakni. Spuggum=Spuzzum, Spuka’n=Spokan. Spugpugd/lemQ=Spukpukolemk. Spu’zum, Spuzzam=Spuzzum. Sqahe’ne ya’da-i—Skahene. Sqa-i=Skae, Skway. S$qaia/lo—Skaialo. Sqaiagos=Skaiakos. Sqai’-tao=—Skaito. Sqa/ma—Sulhlgildjing. Sq‘a’os=Skaos. SQaqai’/Ek=Skakaiek. Sqa/-qwai yu’-tslu=Skhakhwaiyutslu. Sqéle=Skelsh. Sqe‘/ltEn=Skelten. Sqé’na=Skena. Sqnamishes=Squawmish. Sqoa’/tadas—Sk wahladas. Sqohamish=Squawmish. Sqowi=Shruhwi. Sqsanitc—Sanetch. Squa-aitl=Squiatl. Squabage, Squabang, Squabaug, Squabauge, Squa- boag, Squabog—Quabaug. Squ-agh-kie Indians=Squawkihow. Squaghkies— Foxes. Squah=Skwah. Squahalitch Indians—Chilliwack. Squaheag=Squawkeag. SOW ANOKAS—STAOCTAN 1145 | Squahk-sen, Squah-sin-aw-mish=Squaxon. Squah-tta=Skwah. Squai-aitl—Squiatl. Squakeage, Squakeays, Squakheag, Squawkeag. Squakie Hill village=Dayoitgao. Squakies=Squawkihow. Squakkeag=—Squawkeag. Squakshin, Squakskin, Squaks’na-mish=Squaxon. Squalli-ah-mish, Squalli-a-mish, Squally-ah-mish, Squallyamish=Nisqualli. Squam-a-cross=Squannaroo. Squamish=Suquamish. Squamisht=Squawmish. Squan-nan-os, Squan-nun-os=Squannaroo. Squa’pamuq=Shuswap. Squapauke=Quabaug. Squa-que-hl= Kaquaith, Squash village=Tutuwalha. Squa-sua-mish=Squaxon. Squnpshege aro Squawkihow. Squatehokus=Squawkihow. Squatils, Squatits, da cae be e. Squakheig—= Squaw-a-tosh=Colvi Squawkeague, Squawkheag=Squawkeag. Squawkey=Squawkihow. Squawkiehah= Foxes. Squawkie Hill—Dayoitgao. Squawkihows= Foxes. Squawky Hill=Dayoitgao. Squawlees=Nisqualli. Squawmish=Suquamish. Squawskin=Squaxon. Squawtas—Squawtits. Squaw Town=Grenadier Squaw’s Town. Squaxins—Squaxon. Squay, Squay-ya—Skway. Squeam=Skweahm. Squeer-yer-pe—Colville. Squehala—=Skaialo. Squeitletch=Squiatl. Squekaneronons= Nipissing. Squha’/mEn=Skuhamen. Squ-hano=Shruhwi. Squiaelps=Colville. Squiahla—Skaialo. Squi-aitl—Squiatl. Squiatl— Nisqualli. §’quies’-tshi= Arikara. Squihala=Skaialo. Squim bay, Squinbay=Sequim. Squi/nqun=Skuingkung. Squint Eyes=Kutchin, Tukkuthkutchin. Squohamish=Squawmish. Squorins, Squoxsin=Squaxon. S. Rafael, S. Rafael Actun, S. Rafael de los Gentiles, 8. Raphaél=San Rafael. Sri’-gon=Shregegon. Sroo-tle-mam-ish=Shotlemamish. S. Rosalia di Mulege=Santa Rosalia Mulege. S. Sabas=San Sabas. S. Salvador=San Salvador. Ssangha-kon=Sanyakoan. SSaumingmiut=Saumingmiut. S. Serafin, S. Serafin Actum, S. Serafino del Napcub= San Serafin. Ssik-nachadi=Siknahadi. Ssikossuilar-miut=Sikosuilarmiut. S. Simeon de Tucsani=Tucsani. 8. Simon=Upasoitae. 8. Simon Tucsani, §. Simon Tuesani=Tucsani. S. Simon y Judas de Opasoitac= Upasoitac. S’slo-ma-mish=Shomamish. Ssokoan hadeé=Sukkwan, Koetas. Sta. See Santa. St&-ai’/-in—Stryne. Sta-amus=Stamis. Sta Ana Anamic=Anamic. Sta. Bibiana=Bibiana. Sta. Catalina, Sta. Catalina Cuitciabaqui—Cuitcia- baqui. Sta. Catarina—Cuitciabaqui, Santa Catalina. Sta. Catarina Caituagaba—Cuitciabaqui. Stach’in, Stackeenes=Stikine. Sta. Clara—Santa Clara. Sta Cruz=Nacori. Sta Cruz Babisi= Babisi. Sta. Cruz de Gaibauipetea, Sta. Cruz de Jaibanipitca de Pimas=Gaibanipitea. Stactan=Staitan. 1146 Stadacone=Stadacona. 8. Tadeo Batqui= Tadeovaqui. Sta-e-tan, Staetons=Staitan. Sta. Eulalia=Santa Eulalia. Staga’ush = Nestucca. Sta Gertrudis Saric=Saric. Sta Gertrudis Techicodeguachi=Techicodeguachi. Sta-he-tah=Staitan. Stahl, Stahl-lch=Stlaz. Sta/iEn=Stryne. Stailaku-mamish=Steilacoomamish. Stailans=Staitan. Stain=Stryne. Sta Isabel=Tusonimon. Staitan=Cheyenne. Staked Plain Indians, Staked Plains Omaions, Staked Plains Onawas= K wahari. Stakeen, Stakhin, Stak-hin-kon, Stakhinskoe, Stakin=Stikine. Stak-tabsh=Staktamish. Stak-ta-le-jabsh =Sktahlejum. Stak-ta-mish, Staktomish=K waiailk. Stal ndas xa/da-i=Stulnaas-hadai. Sta. Maria—Galisteo, Suamca. Sta. Maria de los Angeles de Saguaripa—Sahuaripa. Sta Maria del Populo Tonichi=Tonichi. Sta Maria de Uasaraca=Baserac. Sta. Maria Nacori=Nacori. Sta. Maria Sahuaripa—Sahuaripa. Sta Maria Tepuspe=Tepuspe. St Mario—Galisteo. Stamas=Stamis. St Ana=Santa Ana. Stankckans=Assumpink. Sta/nta-i=Stunhlai. St. Antonio—Senecu. Staq-tiibe =Chehalis. Staraie Selenie=Staria Selenie. Star gens= Mikakhenikashika. = Starikvikhpak, Stari-Kwikhpak=Starik. Sta Rosa Abiquiu= Abiquiu. Sta Rosalia Onapa=Onopa. Sta Rosa Tibideguachi=Tibideguachi. Starrahe, Star-rah-hé= Arikara. Starry Kwikhpak=Starik. Starui gavan=Nunamiut. Stasa’os qé gawa-i, Stasauskeowai=Stasaos-keg- awal. ; Stastas=Stustas. Statchook=Skatehook. Statcia/ni=Stahehani. Sta. Teresa—Santa Teresa. Stationary Minetares= Hidatsa. Sta/-tlum-ooh= Lillooet. Staua’cen=Sewathen. St!awa’s xa’-idaga-i—Stawas-haidagai. Stawtonik—Statannyik. Staxéha/ni=—Stahehani. Stca’tcuHil=Schachuhil. St. Cayetano=—Tumacacori. Stcé/kus=Nchekus. Stchitsui=Skitswish. Stcilks=Schilks. Stcink=Schink. St Clara=Santa Clara. St. Croix Indians=Munominikasheenhug, Passa- maquoddy. S’tcukosh-=- Nchekus. St’cu-qwite=Stthukhwich. Stcuwa’cEl=Sewathen. St. Diego de Pitquin=Pitic. Ste’amtshi—Crows. Stecoe, Steecoy=Stikayi. Steelar=Skidi. Stegara, Stegarakes, Stegora=Stegaraki. Saree Steh-chass, Stehchop=Stehtsasa- mish. Stehl-lum=Stehtlum,. Steilacoom, Steilakumahmish=Steilacoomamish. Steila-qua-mish, Steil-la-qua-mish=Stillaquamish. Stekchar=Stehtsasamish. Stekini Indians—Stikine. Stékoa, Stekoah=Stikayi. Stélaoten, Stel-a-tin=—Stella. Stell-cha-sa-mish=Stehtsasamish. Stémchi, Stémtchi=Crows. Stenkenocks=Stegaraki. Stent-lum=Stehtlum, Stakhin’-kwan, Stegarakies, Stegerakies, STADACONE—SUC-CO-AH iF [B. A. E. Stetch-as—Stehtsasamish. Stetchtlum, Ste-te-tlim—=Stehtlum. Stetlum= Lillooet. St. Eulalia=Santa Eulalia. Stewarts Lake Indians=Nikozliautin. S. Thaddeus de Batki= Tadeovaqui. S Thomas=Tome. Stiaggeghroano, Stiagigroone—Chippewa. Sticcoa=Stikayi. Stichistan=Skichistan. Stick=Tahltan. Stickens, Stickienes=Stikine. Stick Indians=Tagish. Stickine=Stikine. Stickoey=Stikayi. Sticks=Nuchwugh. ‘ Stiel Shoi, Stietshoi=Skitswish. Stikin=Stikine. Stili=Skidi. Stilla=Stella. Stimk=Crows. Stincards= Metsmetskop. Stinkards=Metsmetskop, Winnebago. Stinkers, Stinks= Winnebago. Stitchafsamish, Stitcha-saw-mich, Stitcheo-saw- mish=Stehtsasamish. Stjoekson=Tucson. St-ka-bish, St-kahmish, St Kalmish, St’kamish= Sekamish. Stlahl, Stlahl-ilitch=Stlaz. S’tlaht-tohtlt-hu=Comox. Stlat-limuh, Stla’tliumH, Stla’tliumQ@, Stla’tlumQ@=— Lillooet. Stl Enger 1a/nas= Aostlanlnagai, Stlenga-.anas. Stling Lennas=Stlenga-lanas, Stobshaddat= Yakima. Sto Dom. de Cochiti, Sto. Domingo de Cuevas= Santo Domingo. Stogaras—Stegaraki. Stohenskie=Stikine. Sto-lo-qua-bish, Stoluchquamish, Sto-luch-wamish, Sto-luck-qua-mish, Stoluckwhamish, Stolutswha- mish=Stillaquamish. Stone=Assiniboin, Stone Tsilkotin. Stone Indians=Assiniboin, Jatonabine. Stone Kettle Esquimaux=Ukusiksalirmiut. Stone Roasters= Assiniboin. Stones—Stone Tsilkotin. Stone Sioux, Stoney=Assiniboin. Stoney Creek band=Nulaantin. Stoney Indians= Assiniboin. Stonies= Assiniboin, Tschantoga. Stono, Stonoes, Stonoe tribe=Stonos. Stony Creek Indians=Assunpink. Stotonia—Tututunne. Stotonik—Statannyik. St’ox=Stoktoks. ’St’qe’l=Sutkel. St-Queen=Sequim. Straight Mélale=Molala. Strain=Stryne. Street natives=Tlingit. Strongbows= Etcheridiegottine. Strongwood Assinniboines=Tschantoga. Strongwood Cree=Sakawithiniwuk. Stryen=Stryne. Stryne-Nqakin=Stryne, Nkoikin. Strynne, Stryune=Stryne. Stske/lis=Chehalis. Stské’etl, Stsk:é’/iL—Stskeitl. Stue Cabitic=Stucabitic. Stu/in=Stuik. Stu’/ikishy é/ni=Stuikishkeni. Stu/ix'=Stuik. Sturgeon Indians=Nameuilini. Stiwi’Hamug=Stuichamukh. Stxuaiyn=Siksika. Styne Creek=Stryne. Styucson=Tucson. Su=Dakota. Suagna=Suangua. Suahnee=Suwanne. Sualatine=Atfalati. Suali, Sualy=Cheraw. Suanaimuchs= Nanaimo. Su-a-na-muh=Okinagan. Suanee Old Town=Suwanee. Suaque, Suaqui=Zuaque. Subaipures, Subaipuris=Sobaipuri. Suc-co-ah=Succaah. ~~. ae ee ee =~ ee” 2 ' BULL, 30] Succonet, Succonusset=—Succonesset. Suchamier=Lakmiut. Sucheen=Stikiue. Suche-poga—Sukaispoka. Suchni=Suchui. Suchongnewy=Sichomoyi. Suck-a-mier=Lakmiut. Suckanessett=Succonesset. Stckémos= Eskimo. Suckiang, Suckiaug, Suckieag—Sukiaug. Siicl-ta’-qo-t’¢a’yinné’—Sushltakhotthatunne. Suco=Acoma, Pecos. Suc-qua-cha-to-ny=Kwatami. Su’d¢é= Kadohadacho. Sudpfoven=Adjuitsuppa. Sue=Dakota. . Sufip—=Rekwoi. Sugans—Sugeree. Sugar Eater band=Penateka. Sugar-Eaters=Penointikara. Sugar or Honey Eaters=Penateka. Sugartown=K ulsetsiyi. Sugaus=Sugeree. Sugg/an—Sukkwan. Sug-wau-dug-ah-win-in-e-wug, Sug-wun-dug-ah-win- in-e-wug=Sugwaundugahwininewug. Suhiayé’/gish—Shuyakeksh. Suhtai—Sutaio. Sui=Sowi. Suil= Dakota. Suipam=Siupam. Suislaw=Siuslaw. Suivirits—Seuvarits. Suka-ishpégi=Sukaispoka. Si-ke-tcti-ne’ yanné=Sukechunetunne. Sukiaugks=Sukiaug. Sukinatchi=Sukinatcha. Sik-kwe’-tcé=K watami. Suksanchi=Chukchansi. Sukwames, Sukwamish—=Suquamish. Sulajame—Sulujame. Su-lan-na=Lulanna. Sulatelik—Wishosk. Sulawig-meuts=Selawigmiut. Sulluggoes=Cherokee. Sulu’/s=Tsulus. Sumacacori=Tumacacori. Sumanas=Tawehash. Sumas, Su-mat-se=Sumass. Sumes=Suma. Sumi=Zuii. Sum-maun=Sumaun. Summe= Etah. Sumonpavi, Sumoporvy, Shongopovi. Sun=Mienikashika. Sunahimes=Snohomish. Sundia=Sandia. Sundowns=Sumdum., Sun-Flower-Seed-Eaters—Shonivikidika. Sun gens= Mienikashika. Sun-hunters=Tabeguache. Suni=Zuii. Sun ikceka=Shungikcheka. Sunis=Zuni. Sunk=Suk. Sunkaha napin—Shungkahanapin. Sunka yute-sni=Shungkayuteshni. Su*kisad—Sungkitsaa. Sunne=Zuii. Sunnekes=Seneca. Sun-num=Sunum. Sun-nun’-at= Dakota. Sunset Indians= Natchez. Su"ti=Suiigitsaa. Suny=Zunhi. Sunyendeand=Junundat. Si/nyitsa, Siinyitsi=Zufi. Suoculo=Sawokli. Suouex= Dakota. Supais, Supies, Supis—Havasupai. Suponolevy, Supowolewy=Shipaulovi. Suppai=—Havasupai. Suqq°-an =Sukkwan. Suquahmish=Suquamish. Su-quah-natch-ah=Sukinatchi. Su’Quapmuq=Shuswap. Suraminis=Sawani. Surcee, Surci, Surcie=Sarsi. Sumopowy, Sumopoy= SUCCONET—TAA ASHIWANI 1147 Suriquois= Micmac. Surra Blancos= White Mountain Apache. Surrenderers=Showtucket. Surrillos=Castake. ; Si-rxis’ té-st‘hi’-tin—Surghustesthitun. Susaguey—Susuquey. Susanna=Busanic. Suscahannaes, Suscohannes—Conestoga. Sushetno=Sushitna. Sushwap= Kuaut. Susoles=Susolas. Susquahanna, Susquahannocks, Susquehanas, Sus- quehannagh—Conestoga. Susquehannah Indians—Oquaga. Susquehannah Minquays, Susquehanna’s, Susque- hannocks, Susquehannoes, Susquehannos, Susque- hanocks, Susquehanoes, Susquhannok, Susqui- hanoughs=Conestoga. Sussee=Sarsi. Susseetons=Sisseton. Sussekoon=Sarsi. Sussetong, Sussetons, Sussetonwah=Sisseton. Sussez, Sussi=Sarsi. Sussitongs=Sisseton. Sussitongs of Roche Blanche=Kahra. Su/-su-ne=Shoshoni. Sus xa-idAga-i=Sus-haidagai. Si/tagi’/=Sitiku. Sutaguison=Sudacson. Su’-tai=Sutaio. Sutaquisan, Sutaquisau, Sutaquison—Sudacson. Su’tasi’/na, Suta’ya, Sutayo—Sutaio. Suth-setts=Seshart. Su’-ti=Sutaio. Sutkhoon=Sutkum. Sutsets=Seshart. Sutuami=Lutuamian Family. Suturees=Sugeree. Suuk—Suk. J Suuk-kamus=Suk, Kimus. Suwanee Old Town, Suwa’ni=Suwanee. Suwanoes=Shawnee. Suwarof=Kingiak. Suworof=Paugwik. Suysum=Suisun. Svernofftsi= Aglemiut. Swa-dabsh=Siamannas. Swaggles town, Swaglaws, Sawokli. Swa-hol=Sasuagel. Swa-lash=Swalarh. Swales=Sawokli. Swali=Cheraw. Swampee, Swampies, Swamp Indians, Swampy Creek Indians, Swampy Crees, Swampy Krees, Swampys= Maskegon. Swan-Creek band=Wapisiwisibiwininiwak. Swedebish=Swinomish. Sweegachie, Sweegassie, Sweegochie=Oswegatchie. Swees=Sarsi. Swegaachey, Swé-ga’-che, Swegachee, Swegachey, Swegachie, Swegachy, Swegatsy=Oswegatchie. Sweielpa—Colville. Swetgatchie=Oswegatchie. Swgahatchies=Sawokliudshi. Swi-el-pree=Colville. Swimmish=Sequim. Swo-Kwabish=Suquamish. Sxa-nu-ya—Skanuka. S. Xaver du Bac, S. Xavier, §. Xavier del Bac= San Xavier del Bac. S. Xavier des Praiz, S. Xavier des Prez—La Prairie. Sxqomic=Squawmish. S-yars=Saia. Sybaik, Sybayks=Sebaik. Sycuan=Sequan. Sy-cus=Saikez. Sydproven=—Adjuitsuppa. Syllery=Sillery. Syneck, Synek, Synekees, Synekes, Synicks, Synne- kes, Synneks=Seneca. Syouslaws=Siuslaw. Sypanes=Lipan. Syquan=Sequan. Syuay=Skway. Sywanois=Siwanoy. Swaglers, Swagles= Tda~’di-yal-a-na-wan—Heshota Ayahltona. Taa Ashiwani—Zuni. 1148 Ta-ah-tens=Tatlatunne. Taaiya‘hltona ‘Hluelawa=Heshota Ayahltona. T!a’at= laahl-lanas. Taaogo=—Tioga. Taaovaiazes, Taaoyayases=Tawehash. Ta-a’p-pu=Tapo. Taasey=Toosey. Ta-ashi= Apache. Taas-nei= Knaiakhotana. Ta’a-t’co’ yanné=Targhutthotunne. Taatém‘hlanah-kwe=Taa. Ta-4 té-ne=Tatlatunne. Tab=Tabo. Tabta’—Tapa. Tabaguache, Tabahuaches=Tabeguache. Tabaroas=Tamaroa. Tabayase=Tawehash. Tabechya, Tabeguachis, Tabegwaches, Tabehuachis, Tabe-naches=Tabeguache, Tabensa=Taensa. Tabequache, Tabequache Utes, Tabewaches, Tabia- chis=Tabeguache. Tabitibis, Tabittibis, Tabittikis= A bittibi. Tabképaya=Walapai. Tab nyi-mi=Tabo. Taboayas, Taboayases, Taboayazes=Tawehash. Tabo winwu=Tabo. Taboyazes, Tabuayas=Tawehash. Tabrackis=Tabeguache. Tab wun-wi=Tabo. Taby=Talasse. Ta-cab-ci-nyu-mth=Nayaho. Tacadocorou=Tacatacuru. Tacamanes, Tacames=Tacame. Tacasnanes= Pasnacanes. Tacatacouru=Tacatacuru. Ta ¢da’xu=Tadhaghu. Tacci=Dogi. Tachees=Texas. Tachekaroreins=Tuscarora. Taches=Tachi. Tachi, Tachies=Texas. Tachigmyut=Unaligmiut. Tackankanie=Tawakoni. Tack-chan-de-su-char=Tackchandeseechar. Tackies=Texas. Tacnahetca=Tashnahecha. Tacokoquipesceni=Pineshow. Tacones=Tacame. Taconet, Taconick, Taconock=Taconnet. Tacoon= Yaquina. Tacopin—Gupa. Tacoposcas=Taposa. Tacos=Taos, Tewa, Taku. Tacoullie=Takulli. Tacubavia=Tucubavia. Tacuenga—Cahuenga. Taculli, Tacullie, Ta-cullies, Tacully=Takulli. Tacupin=Gupa. Tacusas=Taposa. Tadacone=Stadacona. Taderighrones=Tutelo. Tades Vaqui=Tadeovaqui. Tadjedjayi=Tadji. Tadje jinga=Tadzhezhinga. Tadje unikaci*»ga=Tadzheunikashinga. Tadji=Tachi. Tadoosh=Tadush. Tadoucac, Tadousae, Tadousca, Tadoussac, Tadous- saciens=Tadousac. ; Tadpole place=Tokogalgi. Ta-dum’/-ne=Telomni. , Tadusac, Tadussékuk=Tadousac. Ta-ee-tee-tan=Tihittan. Tae-keo-ge=—Tuskegee. Taencas—Taensa. Taensapaoas=Tangibao. Taensos, Taenzas=Taensa. Tafique=Tajique. Tagago—Teguayo. Tagahosh=Nestucca. Tagas=Taikus. Tageque=Tajique. Ta-ge-uing-ge, Tage-unge—Galisteo. Taghiaratzoriamute=Togiaratsorik. Tagique=Tajique. Tagna—Tewa. Tagnos=Tano. Tagoanate=Taguanate. TA-AH-TENS—TAITCEDA WI [B. A. B. Tagochsanagechti= Onondaga (vil.). Taguacana, Taguacanes=Tawakonl. Taguace, Taguaias=Tawehash. Taguaio—Teguayo. : Taguais, Taguallas, Taguayares, Taguayas, Ta- guayazes, Taguayces, Taguayes, Taguayos= Tawehash. Tagui—Kiowa Apache. Tagukerésh= Apache. Tagukerish= Kiowa Apache. Taguna=Laguna. Tagus=Taikus. Tagutakaka—Taguta. Tagwa—Catawba. Tahagmyut=Tahagmiut. Tahahteens—Tatlatunne. Ta-hail-la, Ta-hail-ta=Tlelding. Tahalasochte=Talahassee. Ta/hana=Ute. Tahanas, Tahanos=Tano. Tahasse=Tawsee. Tahaten=Tatlatunne. Ta’hba= Maricopa, Papago. Tali¢a-pa=Takhchapa. Tah’/-che=Tadji. Tah-chunk wash taa=Oyateshicha. Tahco=Taku. Tahculi, Tah-cully=Takulli. Tah-cul-tus=Lekwiltok. Tahekie, Tahelie=Takulli. Tahensa=Taensa. Tahiannihoug=Kannehouan. Ta-hi-cha-pa-han-na, Ta-hichp’=Kawaiisu. Tahkali, Tahkallies=Takulli. Tahk-heesh=Tagish. Tah-khl, Tahkoli=Takulli. Tah’ko-tin’/neh=Takutine. Tah-le-wah=Tolowa. Ta ‘hli/mnin= Navaho. Tah-lum-ne=Telomni. Tahogale, Tahogalewi= Yuchi. Tahohyahtaydootah=Kapozha. Tahokias=Cahokia. Tahontaenrat—Tohontaenrat. Tahos=Taos. : Tahsagrondie, Tahsahgrondie= Tiosahrondion. Tah sau gaa=Tasagi’s Band. Tahse=Talasse. Tah-se-pah=Tushepaw. Tahtl-shin=Talal. Tahtoos=Huchnom. Tahuacana, Tahuacane, Tahuacano, Tahuacany, Tahvaconi=Tawakoni. Tahuaias, Tahuallaus, Tahuaya, Tahuayace, Tahua- ae Tahuayas, Tahuayase, Tahuayases=Tawe- ash. Tahuglank, Tahuglucks=Tahuglauk. Tahuha-yuta=Takhuhayuta. Ta-hu’-ka-ni/=Tawakoni, Tahulauk=Tahuglauk. Tahwaccaro, Tah-wac-car-ro, Tahwaccona, Tahwac- corroe, Tah-wae-carras, Tah-wah-ca-roo, Tah-wah- carro, Tahwaklero=Tawakoni. Tahwei=Tagui. Ta’-ia=Nutria. Taiahounhins= Aleut. Ta’-ia-kwe=Nutria. Tai’-aq=Tyigh. Tai’-chi-da=Taisida. Ta-ide= Pueblos. Taigas—Texas. Tai-ga-tah=Taos. Taighs, Ta-ih—Tyigh. Taiina, Taiinamu=Taos. Taijas—Texas. Tai-kie-a-pain=Taitinapam. Taikishi=Taikus. Tai-lin-ches=Talinchi. Taimamares=Tumamar. Tain-gees-ah-tsa=Tengoratsekutchin. Tain-gees-ah-tsah=Tangesatsa. Ta i/niyk‘aci"’"a=Tadhaghu. Tainin= Pueblos. Tainkoyo=Nishinam. Tai’otl 1a/nas=Daiyuahl-lanas, Taioux=Texas. Tairtla—Tyigh. Taitcedawi=Taisida. ~~ Cay ee eee ~~ = en A ee ee ee ee BULL. 30] i Tai-tim-pans, Tai-tin-a-pam, Tait-inapum, Taitini- pans=Taitinapam. Taitsick-Kutchin=Tangesatsa. Tai-tzo-gai=Tesuque. Taiu-gees-ah-tsah=Tangesatsa. Tai-wa= Pueblos. Tai/ya=Nutria. Tai-ya-yan’-o-khotan’/a—Taiyanyanokhotana. Ta-jua=—Tawa. : Takadhé=Tukkuthkutchin. Takahagane=Ontwaganha. Takahli=Takulli. Takaiaksa=Takuaiak. Takai’-yakho-tan’a—Jugelnute. Takajaksen=Takaiak. Takali, Takalli=Takulli. Takama= Yakima. Takapo ishak=Attacapa. Takapsintona, Takapsin-tonwanna—Takapsinton- wanna. Takas=Taku. Ta-yas’-i-tce’-qwit—Takasichekhwut. Takastina—Takestina. Takawaro=Tawakoni. Takaz=Tukkuthkutchin. Tax¢éska utsi’ upcé’/=Takdheskautsiupshe. Ta-ké¢l’-tin yin’-né=Turghestltsatun. Takelly, Ta-Kej-ne=Takulli. Takensa=Taensa. Ta-késcl’-tsa te’-ne=Turghestltsatun. Takha-yuna= Aleut. Takhe=Taos. Takhtam=Serranos. Takikatagamute, Takiketagamute=Takiketak. Takilma=Takelma. TakimiLdin=Takimilding. Ta-kit kutchin=Tatlitkutchin. T’akkwel-ottineé=Takiwelottine. Takla-uedi= Daktlawedi. Tako, Takon=Taku. Takon Indians=Nuklako. Takoos=Taku. Ta-koos-oo-ti-na=Takutine. Takopepeshene=Pineshow. Takoulguehronnons—Conestoga. Takshagemut=Takshak. Taksomut, Taksomute=Takchuk. Tak-ssi-kan—Tuxican. Taksumut=Takchuk. Taktchag-miout=Takshak. Taktén-tan=Takdentan. Taktla-uedi=Daktlawedi. Taktschagmjut=Takshak. Taku=Takutine. Ta/k»ane/di=Takwanedi. Taku-kon=Taku. Ta-kul-i=Takulli. Taqu-qwan=Taku. Ta-ki‘rth=Tukkuthkutchin. Ta-Kutchi= Eskimo. Ta-kuth Kutchin=Tukkuthkutchin. Takutsskoe=Taku. Tak‘yaiuna-kwe=Takya. Talabouches, Talabouchi=Talapoosa. Talac=Talak. Taladigi=Taladega. Talagans=Cherokee. Talahasochte=Talahassee. Talamatan, Talamatun=Huron. Talangamanae=Khemnichan. Talani=Talaniyi. Talantui=Talatui. Ta-la-ottine=Chintagottine. Talapenches, Talapoashas, Talapoosas, Talapouche, Talapousses, Talapus=Talapoosa. Talarénos=Tulareios. Ta‘lasi’, Talassee=Tahlasi. Talassee=Talasse. Talatigi=Taladega. Talawa=Tolowa. Talchedon, Talchedums=Alchedoma. Tal-ches=Tachi. Talch-kuédi=Tahlkoedi. Talcotin=Tautin. Talegans, Talegawes=Cherokee. Talehanas, Talehouyana=Hotalihuyana. Talémaya=Tututni. Taleomy=Talio. Talepoosas=Talapoosa. TAI-TIM-PANS—TAMALES i 1149 Tal-e-see, Talessy Petit—Talasse. _Talesta=Tatesta. Tal-hush-to-ny=Mulluk. Tali, Talicies=Talasse. Talicomish=Talio. Taliepatava=Taliepataua. Talikwa=Tellico. Talimachusy, Talimuchusy=Tallimuchasi. Talinches=Talinchi. Talio’mH=Talio. Talipuges=Talapoosa. Talis, Talise, Talisees, Talisi, Talisse—Talasse. Talkoaten, Talkotin—Tautin. Talkpolis=Takulli. Talla=Tala.. Tallabutes=Talapoosa. Talladega=Taladega. Tallagewy=Cherokee. Tallahdski—Seminole. Tallahassa=Talahassee. Tallahasse=Talassehatchi. Tallahassee=Talahassee, Talasse. Talla-Hogan, Talla-hogandi=Awatobi. Tallapoosa=Talapoosa. Tallase=Tahlasi. Tallase=Talasse, Talassehatchi. Tallasee=Talasse. Tal la se hatch ee, Tallasschassee=Talassehatchi. Tallassee, Tallassie=Talasse. Tallatown=Tala. Tal-lau-gue chapco pop-cau=Taluachapkoapopka. Tallawa Thlucco= Apalachicola. Talledega=Taladega. Tallegwi—Cherokee. Tallehassas=Talahassee. Tallenches=Talinchi. Tallesee Hatchu=Talassehatchi. Tallesees, Tallessees=Talasse. Talle-whe-anas= Hotalihuyana. Tal’-le-wit-sus= Waco. Tallibooses, Tallibousies=Talapoosa, Talliget, Talligewi—Cherokee. Tallignamay, Talliguamais, Talliguamayque, Tal- liguamays=Quigyuma. Talliké—Cherokee. Tallimuchase=Talimuchasi. Tall-in-chee, Tal-lin-ches=Talinchi. Tallion=Talio. Tallion Nation=Bellacoola. Tallise, Tallisee, Tallises=Talasse. Tallium=Talio. Tallmachusse=Taluamutchasi. Tal-lo-wau= Apalachicola. Tal-lo-wau mu-chos-see=Taluamutchasi. Tal-lo-wau thluc-co=Apalachicola. Tallpoosas=Talapoosa. Talltectan=Tahltan. Talluches=Talinchi. Tallushatches, Tallusthatches=Talassehatchi. Tally-hogan=A watobi. Talmachuesa, Talmachusee, Talmachuson, Talma- chussa, Talmachussee=Taluamutchasi. Tal’-ma-mi’-tce=Talmamiche. Talmotchasi=Talimuchasi. Talonapi—Talonapin. Talotlafia taina=Talohlafia. Tatqoe’di, Tal-qua-tee=Tahlkoedi, Talsi=Tulsa. Tal-sote’-e-na=Tatsanottine. Tal’-tac yinné=Taltushtuntude. Taltotin=Tautin. T’altsan Ottiné=Tatsanottine. Tal’-t‘tic-tin ta/-de=Taltushtuntude Talu=Talahi. Talua‘lako=Apalachicola. Taluits=Talio. Talula’=Tallulah. Ta-lum-nes=Telamni. Talusas=Taensa. Ta-lu-wa=Tolowa. Talvoi=Walpi. Taly=Talasse. Talyan—Tahltan. Tamachola=Tamazula. Tamahle=Tamaili. Tamaicas=Timucua. Tamaiya=Santa Ana. Tamajabs= Mohave. Tamales=Tamal. 1150 Tamalgi=Itamalgi. Tama’li=Tamahli. Tamallos, Tamals=Tamal. Tamankamyam=Serranos. Tamarais, Tamarcas, Tamarohas. Tamarois, Tama- rojas, Tamaronas, Tamarones, Tamaronos, Tama- roras, Tamaroua, Tamarouha, Tamarous=Tama- roa. Tamasabes, Tamasabs= Mohave. Tamasqueac=Tramasqueac. Tamatles=Tamali. Tamawas=Tamaroa. Tamaya, Ta-ma-ya=Santa Ana. Tamayaca=7Tawehash. Tambeché=Tombigbee. Tamecongh=Tinicum. Tames=Jemez. Tamescamengs=Temiscaming. Ta-me’-tah=Tamali. Tami=Tano. Tamicongh=Tinicum. Tamiquis=Tamique. Tamitzopa=Tamichopa. Tamlocklock=Tamuleko. Tammalanos=Tamal. Tammasees= Yamasee. Tamole’cas, Ta-mo-lé-ka=Tamuleko. Tamoria, Tamorois=Tamaroa. Tamos= Pecos. Tamotchala=Tamazula. Tamothle=Tamahli. Tamoucougoula=Avoyelles. Tampacuases=Karankawa. Tamp-Pah-Utes= Yampa. Ta-mul’-kee=Itamalgi. Tamy, Tamya=Santa Ana. ’ Ta-nah-wee=Tenawa. Tanai=Athapascan Family. Tanakhothaiak, Tanakhotkhaik=Tanakot. Ta-nak-tench, Ta-nak-teuk=Tenaktak. Tanana, Tananatana, Tanan-Kuttchin=Tenanku- tehin. Tanasi= Tennessee. Ta-na-tiu-ne= Kawchodinne. Ta-na-tsi/-ka—Tanetsukanumanke. Ta/nawunda= Tonawanda. Tan-a-ya=Santa Ana. Tancaguas, Tancagueis, Tancagues, Tancaguez, Tancaguies, Tancahua, Tancahues, Tancahuos, Tancamas=Tonkawa. Tancames=Tacame. Tancanes, Tancaouay, Tancaoves, Tancaoye, Tan- cards=Tonkawa. Tancaro=Tawakoni. Tancases, Tancavéys= Tonkawa. Tanchebatchee= Tukabatchi. Tanchipahoe=Tangibao. Tanol/-tac yinné=Taltushtuntude. Tancoways=Tonkawa. Tand¢a" tan’ya e/nikaci’ya—Tangdhangtankae- nikashika. Ta’-ne=Dyani. Tane=Tanyi. Tanéks a*ya= Biloxi. Tanessee=Tawasa. Tanewa-Comanches, Tanewahs=Tenawa. Tanga’c, Tangasskoe=Tongas. Tangeboas, Tangibac, Tangibao, Tangibaoas, Tan- gibaos, Tan’gipaha’, Tangipahos, Tangipaos= Tangipahoa. : ca pene, Tani/banénina, Tani’batha= Kadohada- cho. Tanico=Tunica. Tanignagmjut=Liesnoi. Taniguag—= Aleksashkina, Ta nika-shing-ga— Hangatanga. Tanik8a, Tanikwa—Tunica. Taniquo=Tanico. Ta-nish=Arikara. Taniyumu’h= Paviotso. Tanjibao—Tangibao. Tan’-ka-wa, Tankaway=Tonkawa. Tank-heesh=Tagish. Tanko=Nishinam. Tanko Indian, Tanks=Tonkawa. Tankum=Tanko. ‘Tan-nah-shis-en=Jicarilla. Tannai=Athapascan Family. Tanna-Kutchi=Tenankutchin, TAMALGI—T!AQ°Q!AQA-AN [B. A. E. Tannockes=Bannock. Tannontatez=Tionontati. T’and’=Kloo. Tano=Hano. Tanochioragon=Deyodeshot. Ta-noch-tench, Ta-nock-teuch=Tenaktak. Tanoi=Hano. Tanonan=Tanoan Family. Ta-non Kutchin=Tenankutchin. Tanoo=K1loo. Tanoque=Galisteo. Tanoquevi, Tanoquibi= Hano. Tanos=Hano, Pecos, Tano. Tanquaay=Tonkawa. Tanquinno=Tanico. Tansawhot-dinneh=Tatsanottine. Tansi=Tennessee. Tansipaho—Tangibao. Tanta hade=Tongas. Tantawait, Ta’n-tawats=Chemehuevi. Ta-tdo/a=Tan. Tantin=Tautin. Tantos=Tontos, Tan-towa=Tan. Tantsanhoot, Tantsa-ut’dtinné, Tantsawhoot, Tant- sawhot-dinneh, Tan-tsawot-dinni=Tatsanottine. Tanu Haade=K1loo. 1 Tan-uh-tuh=Tenaktak. Ta-nun kitch-n=Tenankutchin. Tanus=Hano. a" wa’-k’a wa-ya/-xe=Tanwakanwakaghe. Ta® wat oinya—Tanwanshinka, Ta®wa"-jiya—Tongigua. Tan’wa" ya/xe=Tsishuwashtake. Ta*wa"-zhika=Tongigua. Tanxnitanians, Tanxsnitania—Tanxnitania. Tanyi hanutsh=Tanyi. Tao=Taos. Taoapa=Tapa. Taobaianes, Taobayace, Taobayais, Taobayases= Tawehash. Taogarias, Taogria=Ontwaganha. Taol na’as xa/da-i=Taol-naas-hadai. Taopi’s band=Farmers’ Band. Taoros, Taosans, Taosas, Taoses, Taosij=—Taos. Taos Indians= Moache. Taosis, Taosites, Taosy=Taos. Taos Yutas=Moache. Ta-otin=Tautin. Taouacacana=Tawakoni. Taouachas=Tawasa. Taouayaches, Taouayas=Tawehash. Taoucanes=Tawakoni, Taovayaiaces, Taovayases=Tawehash. Taowa=Tewa. Ta-o-ya-te-du-ta=Kapozha. Tao Yutas=Moache. Tap=Tabo. Tapage=Pitahauerat. Tapahanock=Quioucohanoe. Tapahowerat, Tapaje=Pitahauerat. Tapakdgi= Klamath. Tapanses=Tappan. Ta-pa-taj-je=Tapa. Tapguchas=Taposa. Taphulgee=A ttapulgas. Tapicletca=Tapishlecha. Tapiel—Japul. Tapisle¢a=Tapishlecha. Tapkhak=Taapkuk. Tapkhakgmut=Tapkachmiut. Tapkhamikhuagmut=Topanika. Ta’-po-cka=Tapothka. Tapoctoughs=Tenaktak. Tapoosas, Tapouchas, Tapousas, Tapousoas, Tapous- sas, Tapowsas=Taposa. Tappa=Pitahauerat. Tappaan, Tappaanes, Tappaen—Tappan. Tappage, Tappage Pawnee=Pitahauerat, Tapparies Comanches=Ditsakana. Tappaye Pawnee=Pitahauerat. Tappen, Tappensees, Tappents=Tappan, Tiaqo=Taku. Ta-qai/-ya=Takhaiya. T!a’qdentan=Takdentan. Ta’qdjik-an=Tuxican, Taqestina’=Takestina. T!aqog!aqa-n=Takokakaan, : | . thon en ak, BULL. 30] Ta-qta=Choctaw. Taqtci=Takhchi. aati ki A"pa" ony eer mn ne ee aquha-yuta=Takhuhayuta. Taqui=Tagui. Taquitzata=Ratontita. Ta-qu’-quc-cé=Tututni. Taracari=Tareque. Taracone=Faraon. Taracton, Taractou=Catskill. Tarahumara, Tarahumari=Tarahumare. Taraktons=Catskill. Taral=Toral. Tarancahuases=Karankawa. Taranteens=A bnaki. Taraones=Faraon. Tarateens=A bnaki. Taraumar, Taraumares=Tarahumare. Tar-co-eh-parch, Tar-co-eh-parh=Takhchapa. Tareguano=Tarequano. Tarenteens, Tarentines, Tarentins=Abnaki. Tapeopmeut=Kopagmiut. Tarhetown=Cranetown Tarimari=Tarahumare. Tarkens, Tarkoo=Taku. Taromari=Tarahumare, Taros= Yavapai. Tarpkarzoomete=Taapkuk. Tarracones=Faraon. Tarra-lumanes=Tawehash. Tarraktons=Catskill. Tarranteeris, Tarrantens, Tarrantines, Tarrateens, Tarratines, Tarratins, Tarrenteenes, Tarrenteens, Tarrentens, Tarrentines=Abnaki. Tarreor-meut=Kopagmiut. Tarruraw=Tallulah. Tartanee=Dadens. Taruararas=Tarahumare. Taruraw=Talluiah. Tarwarsa, Tarwassaw=Tawasa. Ta-rxe’-li-i-tce’ yanné’, T’a-rxi’-lii tcét' yanné’/= Targhiliitshettunne. T'a-rxi’-li-i’ yanné=Chetlesiyetunne. Ta-rxi"’-‘a-a/-tin=Targhinaatun. Ta/-rxit-t’co yinne=Targhutthotunne. Tasamewé= Navaho. Ta-sa-in= Hopi. Tascalifa, Tascaluca=Tascalusa. Tascorins, Tascororins=Tuscarora. Tasculuza=Tascalusa. Tascuroreus=Tuscarora. Tashash= Kadohadacho. Ta-sha-va-ma= Navaho. Tashees=Tasis. Tash-é-pa—Tushepaw. Tash-gatze=Tashkatze. Tashi= Mescaleros. Tashin=Apache, Kiowa Apache. Tashi/né—Jicarilla. Tashtye’=Tawshtye. Tash-Yuta=Moache. Ta-si/n-da=Tesinde. Ta sindje ie. a Hangatanga. Taskaho, T‘as-ka-lé-le‘n’,. Taskalénugi, Taskarorens, Taskarosins= Tuscarora. Taskegee = Tuskegee. Taskigi=Tuskegee. Ta ‘skigi’yi=Taskigi. Taskikis= Tuskegee. Taskiroras, Taskororins, Tasks=Tuscarora. Tas la’nas, Tas Lennas=Tadji-lanas. Tasmamares=Tumamar. Tasnaheéa=Tashnahecha. Tasne=Knaiakhotana. Tasquiqui= Tuskegee. Tassautessus=Chickahominy. Tassenocogoula, Tassenogoula—Avoyelles. Tassetchie=Tasetsi. Tassey=Toosey. Tassiussak=Tasiusak. Tastaluga=Tascalusa. Tastasagonia—Taztasagonies, Ta/-sun-ma’ junné=Talsunme. Taszaluza—=Tascalusa. Tatamitka—Takamitka. Tatanchaks, Tatancha - kutchin, Kutchin=Tutchonekutchin. Tatayka cesli, Tatanka-tcesli=Tatankachesli, Tatanchoh- TA-QTA—TAWASSA 1151 Tatarabueyes=Tawehash. Ta-ta-ten=Tatlatiunne. Tatatna=Tututni. * Tatayahukli=Tutalosi. Tatayojai= Mataguay. Ta-t’ca’-tun=Tatlatunne, Tatché, Tatchees=Tachi. Tatchek=Tachik. Ta-tci’-qwit, Ta-tci’-qwit-me, Ta-tci’ te’-ne=Ta- chikhwutme. T’a/-tcu-qas-li’-tin=Tatshukhaslitun. Ta-tct-wit'’’=Tachuwit. Ta-tdo’a=Ta. Tate’ Ikia=San Andrés Coamiata. T’a’t’Entsait—Ialostimot. Tate Platt—Tushepaw. Ta-te-psin=Kiyuksa. T’a’/teqe—Tateke. Tateras=Tutelo. Tates=Tait. Tathzey-Kutchi, Tathzey-Kutshi=Trotsikkutchin. Tatikhlek, Tatitlack, Tatitlak—Tatitlek. Tatkannai=Takini. Tatla—Tatlatan. Tatliakhtana=—Chugachigmiut. Tatloulgees= Hlahlokalka. Tatouche=Makah, Tatooche. Ta-towa=Ta. Ta-tqlaq/-tin ytin’/-né, Ta-t’qla’-tin=Tatlatunne. Tatqu’/nma=Soyennow. Tatsah-Kutchin=Tatsakutchin. Tatschigmut, Tatschigmuten=Unaligmiut. Ta-tseh kutch-in’=Tatsakutchin. Tajse inihk‘aci*”’a=Kanse. Tatsepa=Tushepaw. Ta ts’eye=Tayachazhi. Tatshiantin, Tatshikotin—Tatshiautin. T’attsan-ottine=Tatsanottine. Ta-tu=Huchnom. ; Ta-tze=San Marcos. Tatzei-Kutshi=Trotsikkutchin. Tauchebatchee=Tukabatchi. Taucos=Hano, Tewa. Taughtanakagnet—Taconnet. Taugwik=Paugwik. Ta-ui=Taos. Taukaways=Tonkawa. Taukies=Sauk. Taulasse Viejo—Talasse. Taupanica—Topanika. Ta-uth=Taos. Tauthlacotchcau=Hlekatchka. Tau-tsawot-dinni=Tatsanottine. Tatweash=Tawehash. Taux= Nanticoke. Tauxanias, Tauxilnanians=Tanxnitania. Tauxinentes=Tauxenent. Tauxitanians, Tauxsintania, Tauxuntania—Tanx- nitania. Tavaiases, Tavaiazes=Tawehash. Tavakavas=Tawakoni. Tavaroas=Tamaroa. Tavayas=Tawehash. Tavewachi, Taviachis=Tabeguache. Tavira=Tabira. Tavo=Tabo. Tavoayases=Tawehash. Tavossi=Tawasa. Tavoyaces=Tawehash. Tawaa=Ottawa. Ta-wac—Tawash. Tawacairoe, Tawacamis, Tawacani, Tawacanie, Ta- wa-ca-ro, Tawacarro, Tawaccaras, Tawaccomo, Tawaccoroe=Tawakoni. Tawachguano= Nanticoke. Tawackanie=Tawakoni. Tawackguano= Nanticoke. Tawaconie=Tawakoni. Ta-wai-hash, Tawai’-hias=Tawehash. Tawakal, Tawakanas, Tawakanay, Tawakany, Ta- wa-ka-ro, Tawakaros, Tawakenoe, Tawakones=Ta,- wakoni. Tawaktenk=Tenaktak. Tawalemnes=Tuolumne. Tawanis= Yowani. Tawaréka=Tawakoni. Tawas—Ottawa, Tewa, Tawassa—Tawasa, 1152 Tawatawas, Tawatawee= Miami. Tawawag, Tawawog=Nameaug. Tawaws, Taways=Ottawa. Tawcullies=Takulli. Tawe/nikaci‘ya=Tawenikashika. Ta’/-wi-gi=Santo Domingo. T4-wis’-ta-wis= Dooesedoowe. Tawitskash= Kadohadacho. Tawixtawes, Tawixti= Miami. Tawixtwi= Miami, Pickawillanee. Tawkamee=Toktakamai. Ta Wolh=Taos. Taw-wassa=Tawasa. Taw-wa-tin=Tautin. Taw-weeahs=Tawehash. Taxawaw=Toxaway. Taxé=Taos. Taxejuna= Aleut. Tayelh=Takulli. Taxemna= Aleut. Taxenent=Tauxenent. Taxique=—Tajique. Taykahe=Apache. Taykoli=Takulli. Taxpa= Papago. Tay-ab-Muck=Tzauamuk. Tayachquans=Nanticoke. Tayas—Texas. Ta yatcaji—Tayachazhi. Tayberon=Taos. Taynayan=Santa Barbara. Tayoga=Tioga. Tayos=Hainai, Toho. Tayosap=Tuhezep. Tay-tet-lek—Tatitlek. Tayude=Isleta. Tayunchoneyu= Yoroonwago. Tay-wah, Tay-waugh=Tewa. Taze-char, Taze-par-war-nee-cha=Sans Arcs. Tbutama=Tubutama. Tc!a’at la’‘nas=Chaahl, Chaahl-lanas. Tca’ i-ki’/-ka-ra/-tca-da=Chaikikarachada. Tcaizra winwi, Tcai’-zri-sa wun-wui=Chaizra. Tc!ak!=Chak. Tca-ka’/-né>, Tcd-ka’-nha’=Delaware. Tcakqai=Chakkai. Tca/-kwai-na=Chakwaina. Tca/-kwai-na nyi-mti=Asa. Tcakwaina winwu=Chakwaina. Tcakwaya’/lxam=Chakwayalham. Tca-la-cuc=Chalosas. Tcala-itgElit=Chalaitgelit. Tcalke=Cherokee. Tca'lkunts=Chalkunts. Tcami’=Chaui. Tcanka-oga"=Chankaokhan. Tca"-kaxa-otina=Chankaghaotina. Tca»-kute=Chankute. Tca"-ona= Wazikute. Tcants=Chants. Tca‘ olgaqasdi=Chaolgakhasdi. Tcapokele=Chapokele. Rowse’ a-ya-di’, Tca-qta’-ha®-ya’, Tca-ta’=Choc- aw. Tcatci’ni=Chatcheeni. Tca’/tcoHil=Schachuhil. Tcatrletc=Chatelech. Tcats xa’da-i=Chats-hadai. Tca/tua—Chetawe. Tcawa/gis stasta’-i= Chawagis-stustae. Tcawa/xamux=Nicola Band. Tcawi=Chaui. Tcaxu=Chagu. Tc’ Eca/atq= Nootka. Tce-d’i’-té-ne’=Chetco. Tcedtnga—Chedunga. Tceewadigi, Tceewage=Tsawarii. Tcegnake-okisela=Chegnakeokisela. Tce’/iam=Cheam. Tce’ i-ki’-ka-ra’-tca-da=Cheikikarachada. Tce indegotdin—Cheindekhotding. Toexiwere—Chiwere. Tceko’altc=Chekoalch. Tce’-li=Cheli. Tcé'-mé, Tce-me’ téne’, Tcé-me’ yinné=Cheme- tunne. Tc’é/nate’aath=Chenachaath. Tcontsithal’a=Chentsithala. TAWATAWAS—TCHESHTALALGI [B. A. B. Tce-oqba=Cheokhba. Tce p’o-cke yin’-e=Cheposhkeyine. Tceq-huha-to>=Chekhuhaton. Tcerokiéco—Cherokee. Tc’és-elt’ic’-tin= Chesthltishtun, Tc’és-qan’-me=Echulit. Tcé’/tawe=Chetawe. Tcetcé’/Imen=Chetchelmen. Tcétcilg@ok—Chechilkok. Tcé’-yi=Chetco. : Tcéti namu=Tcheti. Tcé’-3i yan-né’=Chetco. Tcét-lés’-i-ye’ yinné’=Chetlesiyetunne. Tcét-lés’-tcan yin’/né=Chetleschantunne. Tce-3o’qa»/-ye=Chedtokhanye. Tce-jo yin’-e=Chedtoyine. Tcéts=Chets. Tcé’tstles—Skaiametl. Tcét-tan/-né=Chettane, Tcét-tan’ ne’-ne=Chettannene. Tcé’ yuinné=Coos. Tce-tut’ yanné=Chetuttunne. qeebe We Gueee Tcewadi=Tsawarii. Tcé’was=Chewas. Tce’-xi-ta—Cheghita. Tcexu’lin=Cheghulin. Tce yin’-ye=Cheyinye. Tchactas=Choctaw. Tcha ginduefte-i=Chagindueftei. Tchagvagtchatchachat—Chagvagchat. Tcha helim=Chahelim. Tchahiksi-tcahiks= Pawnee. Tchaimuth=Chaik. Tchai-noh=Tsano. Tchakankni=Chakankni. Tchakawetch=Chakawech. Tcha’kéle Tsiwish =Chakeletsiwish. Tchakenikni=Chakankni. Tchakh-toligmiouth=Shaktoligmiut. Tchaktchan=Chickasaw. Tcha kutpaliu=—Chakutpaliu. Tchalabones=Cholovone. Tcha lal=Chalal. Tcha lawai—Chalawai. Tcha ma’/mpit=Chamampit. Tcha mifu amim, Tch’ammifu=Chamifu. Tch’ammiwi=Chamiwi. Tch’ampiklé ami’/m=Champikle. Tchandjoeri-Kuttchin=Tangesatsa. Tchanka/ya=Tonkawa. Tcha ntcha/mpénau amim=Chanchampenau., Tchan-tchantu amim=Chanchantu. Tchan tkai’/p=Chantkaip. Tchaouachas=Chaouacha. Tchaoumas=Chakchiuma. Tcha panaytin=Chapanaghtin. Tcha pu/ngathpi=Chapungathpi. Tch atagil=Chatagihl. Tcha tagshish =Chatagshish. Tch atakuin=Chatakuin. Tcha tamnei=Chatamnei. Tchatchakigoa= Atchatchakangouen. Tchatchakigouas= Kaskaskia. Tchatchaking=Atchatchakangouen. 5 Tcha tchambit mantchal=Chachambitmanchal. Tcha tchannim=Chachanim. Tcha-tchemewa=Chachemewa. Tch’atchif=Chachif. Tcha tchimmahi’/yuk=Chachimahiyuk. Tcha tchmewa=Chachimewa. Tcha tchokuith=Chachok with. Tcha tilkuei=Chatilkuei. Tchattaouchi=Chattahoochee, Tcha wayé/d=Chawayed. Tcha-wé=Chaui. Tcha wulktit=—Chawulktit. Tchaykilako=Chakihlako. Tchayxla/tyksh=Upper Chinook. Tchaystkush=Nez Percés. Tcha yakon amim=Yaquina. Tcha-yamel amim= Yamel. Tch’ Ayanké/ld= Yonkalla. Tcha yaxo amim=Alsea. Tche-a-nook—Cheerno. Tcheheles=Chehalis. T’cheh-nits=Chinits. Tchelouits—Tlakluit. Tchéshtalalgi= Potawatomi. BULL. 30] Tchétin namu—Tcheti. Tche-wassan=Sewathen. Tchiactas—Choctaw. Tchiaysokush= Ponca. Tchibaique—Sebaik. Tchicachae=Chickasawhay. Tchicachas=Chickasaw. Tchi-cargut-ko-tan=Nuklako. Tchiduakouwingoiies, Tchiduakouongues=Atchatch- akangouen. Tchiechrone= Eskimo. Tchiglit=Kopagmiut. Tchi-ha-hui-pah=Isleta. Tchihogasat= Maricopa. Tchikachaé=Chickasawhay. Tchikasa—Chickasaw. Tchikemaha=Chitimacha. Tchikeylis—Chehalis. Tchi-kin’=Pinalefios. Tchilcat—Chilkat. Tchilkoten=Tsilkotin. Tchilouit=Tlakluit. Tchinik, Tchinimuth=Chinik. Tchinooks, Tchi‘nouks, Tchinoux=Chinook. Tchin-t’a-gottiné=Chintagottine. Tch’ intchal=Chinchal. Tchin-tpa-Gottine—Chintagottine. Tchioukakmioute=Chiukak. Tchipan-Tchick-Tchick=Chippanchickchick. Tchipwayanawok=Chipewyan. Tchishe Kwe=Tontos, Tulkepaia. Tchishi dinné=Chiricahua. Tchit-che-ah=Chitsa. Tchitimachas—Chitimacha. Tcho-ko-yem=Chokuyem, Moquelumnan Family. Tcho-lo-lah=Chilula. Tcholoones, Tcholovones=Cholovone. Tchoofkwatam=Onavas. Tchouchago—Tutago. Tchouchouma=Chakchiuma. Tchoueragak—Squawkihow. Tchouktchi=Aglemiut. Tchoupitoulas=Choupetoulas. Tchoutymacha=Chitimacha, Tcho’yopan=Choyopan. Tch-queen=Sequim. Tchrega=Tshirege. Tch ta’githl—Chatagithl. Tchu’hla=Chuhhla. Tchuka ‘laéko—Chukahlako. Tchukotalgi—Chukotalgi. Tchila=Chula. Tchupukanes=Chupcan. Tchutpelit=Nez Percés. Tcia’/kamic, Tciaqamic—Chiakamish. Te’ib-io=Chubiyo. Tciéck-rané=Eskimauan Family. Teiglit=Kopagmiut. Tcihaci==Kanze. Tci haci»qtci= Tadzheunikashinga. oi’-ink=Chiink. ci’-i-3i=Chetco. Tciju Wactage—Chizhuwashtage. Tci’-ka-sa’=Chickasaw. Tcik'au’ate=Chikauach. Teikimisi=Tchikimisi. Te’ilEQué’uk=Chilliwhack. Toil-ki’-tik=Tthilkitik. Tecimai’/=Chimai. Tcim-muk-saite—Chimuksaich. Toi’nat-li’ yinné’—Tthinatlitunne, Tcingawuptuh=Ute. Tei"ju=Chizhu. Tcinlak=Chinlak. Tcin-tat’ tene’=Chintagottine. Tginuk—Chinook. Tci-nuna-wun-wi=Chinunga, Tcipiya=Tsipiakwe. Tcipu=Chippewa. Tcirue*-haka— Nottoway. Tci’-sro win-wai=Chisro. Tcitcilé’/Ek=Chichilek. Tei’ tla-ta’mus—Chitlatamus. Teitqua’ut=Okinagan. Tcits-hets=Chehalis, reba =Ch arene. ckippewayan=Chipewyan. Tck/ungée’/n= Gikuegen: Tco-co=Choco. 3456—Bull. 30, pt 2—07-—73 TCHETIN NAMU——TECKAT KENNA a 11538 Tcoka-towela—Chokatowela. Tco’ko=Sarsi. Tco’/maath—=Chomaath. Tco/-na-ke-ra=Chonakera. Tcon-o, Tcon wiin-wi—Chongyo. Tco’-ro wiin-wi, Tcosro winwa—Chosro. Teo0-wa’/-tce=Tthowache. Tco/-zir=Chosro. Teqe-k’qi=Nestucca. TctEma’x=Nemah. Tcu, Teu’-a, Tcii/-a nyi-mu—Chua. Tcua’qamuq=Nicola Band. Teu/-a-wun-wi=Chua. Tcub’-i-yo wiin-wu=Chubiyo. Tcubkwitcalobi=Chubkwichalobi. Tc’uc/-ta-rxa-siit/-tin=Chushtarghasuttun. Tcuin nyumu=Chua. Teu’/-kai=Chukai, Nung. Tcu’ kanedi=Chukanedi. se Teuk-teuk’ts=Chukchukts. Te’u-kukq’/=Chukukh. Tcu-Kutchi=Tsitoklinotin. Teul-li¢l’-ti-yu=Chulithltiyu. Toul-tei’-qwit-me’ 4inné/=Thlulchikhwutme- tunne. Tcumac=Chumash. Te’ i-na/-rxtit 4in’‘né=Chunarghuttunne. Te’unoi/yana=Atsugewi. Tcun-se’-tin-ne’-ta—Chunsetunneta. Tectn-se/-tiin-ne’-tin—Chunsetunnetun, Teiin-tea/-ta-a’ yinné—Chuntshataatunne. Te’ i/-pite-n ‘u/-ckute=Chupichnushkuch. Tou-qi’-3a=Thukhita. Te’a-qu’-i-ya¢l’—Chukhuiyathl. Te’ i-s-té’-rxut-min-ne’-tiin =Chushterghutmunne- tun. Tcit-lés-tcin schantunne. Te’lit/-lés-ye’ yainné’—Chetlesiyetunne. Tciit/-tic-ctin-tcé=Chuttushshunche. Tc!u/uga=Chuga. Te’-wai-yok—Chwaiyok. Tda’-bo=Tabo. Tda’/-wa=Tawa. Tda’/-wu=Tung. Tdha-kke-Kuttchin, Tdha-Kouttchin, tehin=Tukkuthkutchin. Tdu’-wa=Tuwa. Teachatzkennas=Ditsakana. Teacuacitzica, Teacuacitzisti, Teacuacueitzisti. Teaga—Jeaga. Teagans=Piegan. Teago—Jeago. Te-ah-ton-ta-lo’ga=Teatontaloga. Teakawreahogeh= Mohawk. Teakuaeitzizti=Teacuacueitzisti. téne’, Te’ at-lés’-tein-3iin=Chetle- Tdha-kut- Teacuacueitzisca= Teanansteixé, Teanaostaiaé, Teanaustaiae—Tea- naustayae. . : Teandeoulata, Teandeouihata, Teandewiata—To- anche. Teanosteaé=Teanaustayae. Teao—Tohaha. Teaogon= Tioga. Tearemetes—Tehauremet. Teates=Tait. Teat Saws=Utsehta. Téaytkni maklaks=Tyigh. Tebas, Tebes=Tigua. Teboaltac=Jeboaltae. Te-bot-e-lob’-e-lay=Tubatulabal. Tebunki, Tebvwaki=Tebugkihu. Tecamenes, Tecamenez, Tecamones=Tacame, Tecas=Texas. Tecatacourou=Tacatacuru. Te ¢eze gataji—Dtedhezedhatazhi, Dtesanhadtad- hisham, Dtesinde. Techahet=Sechi. Techaquit, Te-cheh-quat=Tacshikhwutme, Techek=Tachik. Techichas=Chickasaw. Techico de Guachi=Techicodeguachi. Techloel= Natchez. Téchoueguen—Oswego. Techpamais= Papago. Techpas= Pima. Tecia—Tesia. Teckat Kenna=Ditsakana. 1154 Tecolota—Tecolote. Tecom:moni= Wanamakewajenenik, Teconet—Taconnet. Tecorichic=Rekorichic. Tecorino=Tecoripa. Tecos= Pecos. Tecua=Tewa. Tecuiche= Kawia. Tedamni=Telamni. Tedarighroones, Tedarrighroones=Tutelo. Ted-Chath-Kennas, Tedchat-kenna=Ditsakana. Tedderighroones=Tutelo. Tede—Athapascan Family. Tedexenos=Tejones. Tedirighroonas=Tutelo. Tee-atee-ogemut=Tiatiuk. Teegaldenskoi=Tigalda. Tee-kee-voga-meuts=Tikeramiut. Tee-kee-zaht-meuts=Tikizat. Teelalup—Tulalip. Te énikaciya—Teenikashika. Te-en-nen-hogh-huut=Seneca. Teeshums=Tishum. Teeskege=Taskigi. Teet=Tait. Teeticut=Titicut. Teeton band, Teetonwan, Tee-twawn=Teton. Tee-wahn=Tigua. Té-é-win-na=Hano. Tefaknaghamiut=Tefaknak. Teganatics=Tegninateo. Tegaogen=Taiaiagon. Tegarondies, Tegaronhies=Totiakton. Tegas=Tewa. Tegat-ha=Taos. Tegazon=Taiaiagon. Tegesta=Tequesta. Tegique=Tajique. Tegninaties=Tegninateo. Tegoneas=Tegninateo. Teguaco—Tehueco. Teguaga, Teguai, Teguaio—Teguayo. Teguales=Huhliwahli. Teguas—Tewa. Teguay, Teguayo Grande, Teguayoqué=Teguayo. Tegueco—Tehueco. Teguemapo=Tequemapo. Teguerichic—Tehuerichic. Teguesta=Tequesta. Teguima=Opata. Tégwas, Tehaas=Tewa. Tehacoachas=Chaouacha. Te-ha-hin Kutchin=Teahinkutchin. Tehamas=Noamlaki. Tehanin-Kutchin= Knaiakhotana. Tehas=Texas. Tehawrehogeh= Mohawk. Téhawuten=Tehawut. Téhayesatlu=A lsea. Tehdakomit=Kiddekubbut. Teheaman=Tacame. Teheili=Takulli. Tehenooks=Chinook. Tehon=Tejon. Te-hon-da-lo’-ga=Teatontaloga. Tehoseroron=Dyosyowan. Tehotirigh=Tutelo. Tehoua=Puaray. Tehownea-nyo-hunt=Seneca. Tehua=Tejua, Tewa. Tehuacanas=Tawakoni. Tehuajo—Teguayo. Tehuas—Tewa. Tehuayo—Teguayo. Téhuimas=Teguima. Tehuiso—Tehuizo. Tehur-lehogugh= Mohawk. Tehutili=Tutelo. Teh-wa=Hano. Teiaiagon—Taiaiagon. Téiaqgotcoe—Teiakhochoe. Teias=Texas. Teickibatiks=Tukabatchi. Teightaquid—Titicut. Teijaondoraghi= Michilimackinac, Te‘o‘chanontian= Tiosahrondion. Teipana=Teypana. Teisa=Texas. Teetwans, Teetwaun, TECOLOTA—TENYE [B. A.B, Teit=—Tait. Teixa—Texas. Tejago—Teguayo. Tejaiagon, Tejajahon—Taiaiagon. Tejano—Coahuiltecan. Tejanos, Tejas, Teji=Texas. Te-jinga ¢gataji— Dtesinde. Tejones—Tejon. Tejos=Taos, Tejuas=Tewa. Tejugne=Tesuque. Tejuneses=Tejon. Tekan-terigtego-nes= Mohawk. Tékapu= Kickapoo. Té/‘kapwai=Penateka. Tekeewaulees= Huhliwahli. Tekesta=Tequesta. Tekin=Skinpah. Tekopa=Tsankupi. Téekuedi=Tekoedi. Té’-kwok-stai-e= Kik wistok. Telam=Telamni. Telamateno®?=Huron., Telamé=Telamni. Telamene=Tehauremet. Telamoteris=Telamni. Telassee=Tahlasi. Telematinos= Huron. Tel-emnies, Té/-lum-ni—Telamni. Telhoel=Natchez. Telhuanas=Hotalihuyana, Telhuemit=Tlakluit. Te‘liémnim=Navaho. Télknikni=Tyigh. Tellassee=Tahlasi. Tellihuana= Hotalihuyana, Tellowe=Talahi. Telluiana= Hotalihuyana. Telmocresses=Taluamuchasi. Temecule=Temecula. Temeichic=Temechic. Temeku=Temecula. Temes, Temez=Jemez. Temiscamins, Temiskaming, Temiskamink, Temis- kamnik=Temiscaming. TrE/mLtEmLEls=Temtltemtlels. Temolikita=Guayabas. Temorais, Temorias=Tamaroa. Tem-pan-ah-gos=Timpaiavyats. Temqué=Tesuque. Tena=Tenu. Te-na-ate—Tenate. Tenacum=Tinicum. Tenahna=Knaiakhotana. Tenah’tah’—Tenaktak. Te/nahwit—Tenawa. Ténaina= Knaiakhotana. Tenaoutoua=Nundawao. TrEnagqtaq—Tenaktak. Ten-a-wish=Tanima., T’Ena/xtax=Tenaktak. Tendaganee’s village=Roche de Beeuf. Tene=Athapascan Family. Teneraca=Santiago Teneraca. Tenewa=Tenawa. Tenge-rat-sey, Teng-ratsey, Teng-rat-si—Tangesatsa. Tenhuas=Tenawa. Teniqueches=Serranos. Tenisaws=Taensa. Tenkahuas, Tenkanas—Tonkawa. Tennai=Athapascan Family, Navaho. Tennakong=Tinicum. Tennan-kutchin, Tennan-tnu-kokhtana—Tenan- kutchin, Tennawas—Tenawa. Tennis= Zuni. Ten-penny Utahs=Timpaiavats. Tensagini, Tensas, Tensau, Tensaw=Taensa. Tensawattee—Cusawatee. Tent=Noot. Tented Pueblo= Hampasawan. Tentilves=Tutelo. Tenton, Ten-ton-ha, Tentouha=Teton. Tentiai= Navaho. Te-nuckt-tau=Tenaktak. Tenuha=Tenawa. Te-nuh’-tuh=Tenaktak. e Tenuth, Ten-uth Kutchin=Tennuthkutchin. Tenyé=Navaho. BULL. 30] Tenza=Taensa. Téoas, Teoas=Tewa, Tigua. Teoux=Tiou. Tepache=Tepachi. Tepagui, Tepaguy, Tepahui, Tepave, Tepavi=Te- pakue. Te’pda’=IKiowa. Tepeguan, Tepeguanes, Tepeoanes=Tepehuane. Tepicons=Pepikokia. Tepk‘i‘nago— Kiowa. Tepuias—Tewa. Tepuspe=Batuco. Te’qoedi= Tekoedi. Té-qua=Tewa. Tequas=Tewa, Tigua. Tequenonquiaye=Ossossane. Tequepas=Tequepis. Tequeste—Tequesta. Tequeunoikuaye, Tequeunonkiaye=Ossossane. Teranate=Terrenate. Terapa—Toape. Terentines, Terentynes=Abnaki. Termacacori=Tumacacori. Terre Blanche= White Earth. Terrenati=Terrenate. Terre Rouge=Netpinunsh, Foxes. Terrino=—Tenino. Tersuque=—Tesuque. esa” ee ee eendnkban. esayan= Hopi. Tescarorins—Tuscarora. Teseque—Tesuque. Teserabocretes=Tsera. Le-sinde= Dtesinde. e-sinde-it‘aji= Dtesindeitazhi, Makan. *éskunilnagai’=Teeskun-lnagai. Tess-cho tinneh= Desnedeyarelottine. Tesseusak=Tasiusak. Tessia=Tesia. Tessieusak—Tasiusak. Tessiqdjuaq—Tessikdjuak. Tessi-Usak=Tasiusak. Testes de beufs—Tétes de Boule. Tesuke, Tesuqui=Tesuque. Tes’-wan=Chilula. Tetaguichic—Retawichi. Tetamenes=Telamene. T’e’/t’aneLendx=—Tetanetlenok. Tetans=Teton. Tetans of the Burnt Woods—Brulé. Tetans Saone=Saone. Tetarighroones—Tutelo. Tetarton=Tintaotonwe. T’a-4a yunné=K watami, Tututni. Tetaus—Ietan, Teton. Te-tdoa—Te. . Tete Coup, Téte-Coupées=Pabaksa. Tetehquet=Titicut. Téte Pelée—Comnanche. Téte Plat—Thlingchadinne. Tetes Coupes=Pabaksa. ‘Tétes pelées—Comanche. Tetes Plates=Chinook, Choctaw, Flathead, Salish. Teticut=Titicut. T’etliet-Kuttchin=Tatlitkutchin. Tetoan=Teton. Tetohe=Talahi. Teton Bois brile=Brulé. Tetones, Tetongue—Teton. Teton-Menna-Kanozo, Té-ton min-na-kine-az/-zo=— Miniconjou. Té-ton-o-kan-dan-das, Teton Okandandes—Oglala. Té-ton-sah-o-ne’, Teton Saone—Saone. Tetons Brulés=Brulé. Tetons Mennakenozzo, Tetons Minnakenozzo, Tetons Minnakineazzo, Tetons Minnekincazzo=Minicon- jou. Tetons of the Boise Brule, Tetons of the Burned wood, Tetons of the Burnt-Wood=Brulé, Te’-ton-sah-o-ne’, Teton Saone—Saone. Tetonsarans=Teton. Tetons Okandandas—Oglala. Tetons Sahone, Tetons Saone—Saone. Tetsogi=Tesuque. T’éttchié-Dhidié= Unakhotana. T’e-ttlel Kuttchin=Tatlitkutchin. Te-tzo-ge=Tesuque. Te-uat-ha=Taos. Teu-a-wish=Tanima. TENZA—THESKARORIENS 1155 Teuconick=Taconnet. Teughsaghrontey=Tiosahrondion. Teuontowanos=Seneca. Teuricatzi, Teurizatzi—Teuricachi. Teushanushsong= Yoroonwago. Teuson=Tucson. Teuteloe=Tutelo. Teu-ton-ha=Teton. Tevas=Tewa. Tewa=Hano. Tewanoudadon=Tewanondadon. Tewauntausogo—Teatontaloga. Tewe=Hano. Te/wEtqEn=Tewetken. Tewicktowes= Miami. Te’/-wi-gi=Santo Domingo. Tewohomony=Tuscarora. Texenate—Terrenate. | Texes Lake=Texas Lake. Texhaya—Teshaya. Texia—Texas. | Texja=Teshaya. | Texon=Tejon. Texpamais— Papago. _ Téy-pas’=Pima. | Teyans, Teyas, Teyens=Texas. Teyoheghscolea= Dyosyowan. Teyos=Texas. Teypama=Teypana. Teystse-Kutshi=Teahinkutchin. Teytse-Kutchi—Tatsakutchin. Te’yuwit=Penateka. Tezuque—Tesuque. Tganore‘o ha’ —Ganowarohare. Tgarihége= Mohawk. Tguas=Tigua. Thabloc-ko=Hlaphlako. Thacame=Tacame. Thacanhé= Wichita. The-canies=Sekani. Thah-a-i-nin=Apache, Tha’ka-hiné’na, Tha’ka-itin=Kiowa Apache. Thakhu=Taku. Thamien=Santa Clara. Thancahues=Tonkawa. Tha‘néza‘, Tha‘néza‘ni=Thkhaneza. Thanonéoha’, Thano»’waru'ha’r=Oneida (vil.). Thanos, T’han-u-ge=Tano. Thaos=Taos. Tha‘paha, Tha‘pahadi’ine‘-=Thkhapaha. Tharahumara=Tarahumare. Tharhkarorin= Tuscarora, Thase=Talasse. Ne ae hatce=Tachy. . Tha-to-dar-hos=Onondaga. Thatsan-o’tinne=Tatsanottine. Tha‘tsini= Thkhatshini. Theacatckkah=Hlekatchka. Theaggen=Tioga. Thearemets, Theauremets—Tehauremet. Thecamenes, Thecamons=Tacame. Thedirighroonas=Tutelo. Thegaronhies—Totiakton. Theguas=Tewa. Theguayo—Teguayo. Thehueco—Tehueco. Thé-ké-né, Thé-kén-néh, Thé-ké-ottiné, Thé-khéne= Sekani. Thé-kka-’né=Sazeutina, Sekani. Thé-kké-Ottiné=Sekani. Theloél, Theloelles=Natchez. Themiscamings, Themiskamingues, Themistamens= Temiscaming. The Mountain=La Montagne. The Nation=Upper Creeks. The Nook=Nuk. Theodehacto—Totiakton. Théoga, Théoge—Tioga. Theonontateronons=Tionontati. ! Thé-Ottiné=Etheneldeli. Theoux=Tiou. The people that don’t laugh—Kutaiimiks. The Rapid=Sault au Recollet. The Robes with Hair on the outside—Isisokasimiks, Therocodames=Terocodame. Thesera Bocretes=Tsera. The Six=Taoapa. Theskaroriens=Tuscarora, 1156 Thetliantins=Thetliotin. The Woman’s town=Pasquenoc. Thé-yé Ottiné=Etheneldeli. Thezuque—Tesuque, Thiaha=Chiaha. Thickcannie=Sekani. Thickwood=Assiniboin. Thick Wood Crees=Sakawiyiniwok. Thick Woodsmen=Sug waundugahwininewug. Thihero=Kiohero. Thikanies—Sazeutina, Sekani. Thimagona, Thimagoua, Thimogoa=Timucua. Thing-é-ha-dtinne—Thlingchadinne. Thinthonha, Thinthonna, Thintohas—Teton. Thionontatoronons=Tionontati. Thioux=Tiou. Thiviment=Itivimiut. Thlakatchka=Hlekatchka. Thlakeimas=Clackama. Thldla’h=Chinook. Thlamalh=Klamath. Thla-noo-che au-bau-lau= Hlanudshiapala. Thlar-har-yeek-qwan= Yakutat. Thlatlogulgau=Hlahlokalka. Thicocotcho=Chukahlako. Thleacatska=Hlekatchka. Thlea Walla=Huhliwahli. Thleweechodezeth=U kusiksalirmiut. Thlewhakh=Klawak. Thlingcha, Thlingcha tinneh, Thlingeha-dinneh, Thlingeha-dinni, Thling-e-ha dtinne—Thlingcha- dinne. Thlinkeet, Thlinkets, Thlinkit—Koluschan Family. Thlinkiten=Tlingit. Thlinkithen=K oluschan Family. Thijegonchotana—Tlegonkhotana. Thloblocco-town, Thlobthlocco, Thlob Thlocko= Hlaphlako. Thlo-ce-chassies= Klokegottine. Thlopthlocco=Hlaphlako. Thlot-lo-gul-gau= Hlahlokalka. Thlowiwalla=Clowwewalla. Thluélla’kwe= Pueblos. Thlu-katch-ka= Hlekatchka. Thnaina—Athapascan Family, Knaiakhotana. Thoderighroonas=Tutelo. Thoig’a-rik-kah=Nez Percés. Thomé, Thomez=Tohome. Thompson=Nikaomin. Thompson River Indians=Ntlakyapamuk, wap. Thompsons=Ntlakyapamuk. Thongeith=—Songish. Thonges, Thons=Tongigua. Thops=Tups. Thoriman=Tourima. Thornton Party—Eel River Indians. Thorntown, Thorntown Miamies=Kowasikka. Thorntown Party=Eel River Indians. Those that boil their dishes= Waleghaunwohan. Those that eat crows=Kanghiyuha. Those that eat the ham=Wolutayuta. Those that shoot in the pines= Wazikute. Thoucoue=Tiou. Thouenchin=Toanche. Thoya, Thoyago—Teguayo. Three Canes, Three Cones=Tawakoni. Three Kettles=Oohenonpa. Thu-le-oc-who-cat-lau=Tukhtukagi. Thunder=Inshtasanda, Lunikashinga, Waninki- kikarachada. Thunder-being gens= Wakantaenikashika. Thunder-bird=Cheghita, Wakanta. Thunder people=Hisada, Kdhun. Thuntotas=Teton. Thwlé-lip=Tulalip. Thwsda’-lub=Clallam. Thy=Tyigh. Thycothe=Tukkuthkutchin. Thy-eye-to-ga—Nez Percés. , Thynné=Athapascan Family. Thysia=Tiou. Tiach=Tyigh. Tiachton=Tueadasso. Tiazo=Tioga. Tiagotkonniaeston—=Amikwa. Tia’k!élake=Neahkeluk. Ti-a-mi=Dyami. Ti/an, Tian Dnigé=Tiun. Shus- THETLIANTINS—TIMAGOA [B. A. E. Tiaoga, Tiaogos—Tioga. Tiaoux=Tiou. Tiascons=Tirans. Tiatachtont=Tueadasso. Tiawco=Nanticoke. Tibex=Tigua. Tibihagna=Tibahagna. Tibitibis=A bittibi. Tibutama=Tubutama. Ticapanas=Tyacappan. Tichaichachass=Paltchikatno. Tichenos= Pischenoas. Tichero= Kiohero. Ti-chom-chin=Tlkamcheen. Tichuico= Pecos. Tichuna=Acomita. qa an=Wazikute. ickanetly=Tekanitli. Tickarneens=Siccameen. Ticmanares=Tumamar. Ticoleosa=Tikaleyasuni. Ticori= Picuris. Ticorillas—Jicarilla. Ticuic, Ticuique=Pecos. Tidam=Titlas. Tiddoes=Caddo. Tideing Indians=Kiowa. Tiedami=Telamni. Tiederighroenes, Tiederighroonas, Tiederighroones Tiederigoene, Tiederigroenes=Tutelo. Tiego— Tioga. T’i-e-kwa-tc'I=Tiekwachi. Tiengaghamiut=Tiengak. Tienique= Pecos. Tienonadies, Tienondaideaga=Tionontati. Tieton=Teton. Tieugsachrondio=Tiosahrondion. Tigaldinskoe=Tigalda. Tli’gan=Tiun. Tigara Mutes=Tikeramiut. Tigchelde’=Tigshelde. Tigeux=—Tigua. Tigh=Tyigh. Ti-gi-qpuk/—Tigikpuk. Tigitan=Tihittan. Tignes, Tignex=Tigua. Tigninateos=Tegninateo. Tigoeux=Tigua. Tigouex, Tigouex-on-the-rock= Puaray. Tigres=Taikus. Ti-cuan, Tiguas, Tiguasi, Tigue, Tigueans, Tiguero, Tigues, Ti-guesh, Tiguet=Tigua. Tiguex=Puaray, Tigua. Tiguexa, Tiguez, Tiguns—Tigua. Tihiou=Tiou. Tihokahana=Pima. Tihtacutt=—Titicut. Tihua—Santo Domingo. Tihuas, Tihueq, Tihuex, Tihuix—Tigua. Ti IInige—Te. Ti-ji-s0-ri-chi=Jitisorichi. Tijon, Tijon Indians=Tejon. Ti’-ju=Tizhu. Ti-ka’-ja—Chickasaw. Tikale’ yastin=Tikaleyasuni. Tikerana=Tikera. Tikeranmiun=Tikeramiut. Tikeraqdjung=Tikerakdjung. Tikhmenief=Kechemudluk. Tikirak, Tikirat—Tikera. Tikolaus, Tik’tilic—Tikwalus. Tikumcheen=Tlkamcheen. Ti’/-kwa=Seneca. Tilamookhs=Tillamook. TYlawehuide, Ti’lawéi=Acoma. Tilhalluvit=Tlakluit. Tilhalumma=K walhioqua. Tilhanne=Tilkuni. Tilhiellewit, Tilhilooit, Tilhualwits, Tilhulhwit=Tlak- luit. Tilijais, Tilijayas—Tilijaes. Tillemookhs=Tillamook. Tillie=Tubatulabal. T’il’-muk’ tanné=Tillamook. Tilofayas, Tiloja, Tilpayai—Tilijaes. Tilpa/les=Kilpanlus. TYlqini=Tilkuni. Tiluex=Tiguex. Tilyayas=Tilijaes. Timagoa=Timucua, BULL. 30] Timbabachis, Timbachis—Timpaiayats. Timbalakees—Tamuleko. Ti-méci’ tinné/=Timethltunne. Timigaming, Timiscamiouetz, Timiscimi, Timiska- ming=Temiscaming. Timita=Timigtac. Timmiscameins=Temiscaming. Timoga, Timogoa, Timooka, Timooquas, Timoqua= Timucua. Timossy—Tomassee. Timotlee=Tamali. Timpachis, Timpagtsis, Timpana Yuta, Timpangotzis, Timpanigos Yutas, Timpanoautzis, Timpanocuitzis, Timpanoge, Timpanogos, Timpanogotzis, Timpa- nogs, Timpanotzis, Timpay nagoots, Timpena- guchya=Timpaiavats. Timuaca, Timuca, Timuqua, Timuquana, Timu- quanan, Timusquana=Timucua. Tina=Tenu. Tinai=Athapascan Family. Tinaina=Knaiakhotana. Tinajas de Candelaria—Tinajas. ge Finnienos, Tinaouatoua=Quinaouatoua. Tinaxa=Tinajas. Tinazipe-citca, Tinazipe-si¢a—Tinazipeshicka. Tindan=Quivira. Tindaw=Teton. Tinde=Apache, Jicarilla. Tindestak= Yendestake. Tindi suxtana—Aglemiut. Tine-yizhane=Tonkawa. Ting-tah-to-a, Ting-ta-to-ah—Tintaotonwe. Tiniéma=Tanima. Tinina= Knaiakhotana. Tinjas=Taensa. Tinlinneh, Tin/liu=Tejon. Tinna’-ash= Apache. Tinnats, Tinnats-Khotana= Knaiakhotana. Tinnatte=Athapascan Family. Tinnatz-kokhtana= Knaiakhotana. ’Tinne= Athapascan Family. Tinnecongh=Tinicum. Tinneh= A thapascan Family, Esquimauan Family. Tinney=Athapascan Family. Tinnis= Yennis. Tinnsals—Taensa. Tinontaté=Tionontati. Tinpay nagoots=Timpaiavats. Tinqua=Timucua. Tinsas, Tinssas=Taensa. Tin-tah-ton=Tintaotonwe. Tintangaonghiatons, Tintangaoughiatons—Teton. Tinta tonwan, Tinta tonwe=—Tintaotonwe. Tinthenha, Tinthona, Tinthonha, Tinthow—Teton. Tintinapain=Taitinapam. Tintinhos=Teton. Tinto=Tontos. ar Tintones, Tintonhas, Tintons, Tintonwans= eton. Tin’-zit Kutch’-in=Trotsikkutchin. Tioas=Tigua. Tioga Point=Tioga. Tiohero=Kiohero. Tiohontatés=Tionontati. Tiojachso—Tueadasso. Tionionhogarawe=Seneca. Tionnontantes Hurons, Tionnontatehronnons, Tion- nontatez, Tionnontatz, Tionnonthatez, Tionno- tanté. Tionondade=Tionontati. Tiononderoge=Teatontaloga. Tionontalies, Tionontates=Tionontati. Tiotehatton, Tiotohatton=Totiakton. Tioux=Tiou. Ti-pa-to-la/-pa=Tubatulabal. Tipisastac=Tipsistaca. Tippacanoe—Tippecanoe. Tiquas, Tiques, Tiquexa=Tigua. Tiqui Llapais—Walapai. Tiquoz—Tigua. Tirangapui, Tirangapuy, Tiransgapuis—Timpaia- vats. Tircksarondia—Tiosahrondion. Ti-ré-wi—Chiwere. Tir hit tan—Tihittan. Tirik= Rirak. Tirionet=Taconnet. Tirip’ama=Pekwan. Tiroacarees=Tawakoni. TIMBABAOCHIS—TLA’QOM 1157 Tisagechroann= Missisauga. Tisaiqdji= Yanan Family. Tiscugas= Tuskegee. Tishech, Tishechu=Tisechu. Tishravarahi=Shasta. Tish-tan’-a-tan, Tish-tang-a-tang=Djishtangading. Tishyani-hhlama—Tenino. Tist’/shinoie’ka, Tistshnoie‘ka—Detsanayuka. Titacutt—Titicut. Titamook—Tillamook. Titecute, Titicott=Titicut. Titji Han-at Ka-ma Tze-shu-ma—Pueblo Caja del Rio, Yapashi. Titkainenom=Noamlaki. Titmictac—Timigtac. Ti toan, Titoba, Titon, Titone, Titongs, Titonwan, Titonwans=Teton. Titsakanai=Ditsakana. Titsiap=Pueblito. Titskan watitch=Tonkawa. Titwa= Miami. Ti-t’wan, Ti-t’-wawn—Teton. Tit-yi Ha-nat Ka-ma Tze-shum-a, Tit-yi Ha-nat Ka-ma Tze-shum-a Mo-katsh Zaitsh= Yapashi. Ti/-u-a’-dei-ma®, Ti/-u-a-di/-ma"=Tourima. Tiucara=Tucara. Tiuhex=Tigua. Tiutei, Tiuterih—Tutelo. Ti/vati/ka= Paviotso. Tiwa=Tewa, Tigua. Tiwadi/ma—Tourima. Tiyitiwa huponun=Mescaleros. Ti yakh’ unin=Aleut. Tiyaoga, Tiyaogo—Tioga. Tiyocesli=Tiyochesli. Tiyoga=Tioga. Tiyopa-o¢aynunpa, ochannunpa. Tiyotcesli=Tiyochesli. Tizaptanna=Tizaptan. Tizhgelede=Tigshelde. Tizuas=Tigua. Tjeughsaghrondie, Tjeugsaghronde, rondy=Tiosahrondion. Tjon-a-ai’=Tung. Tjughsaghrondie—Tiosahrondion. Tjuiccu-jenne, Tjusceujen-né=Gila Apache. Tjuwa/nxa-ike=Klikitat. T-ka=Kammatwa. Tkalama=Thlakalama. Tkanov’eoha’, Tkano»’wart'‘ha’r=Oneida (vil.). Tkap-qué-na—Ojo Caliente. Tkauyaum=Tagwayaum. T’Kawkwamish=Tkwakwamish. tkée/naAl=Cumshewa. Tketlcotins=Thetliotin. T’kitske=Trotsikkutchin. Tk'koeau’/m=Taqwayaum. tKo-oh-lok-ta-que=Kalokta. T‘k’ga/-ki-yu=Tkhakiyu. Tkuayaum=Taqwayaum. TkulHiyogoa/ike=K walhioqua. T‘kil-ma-ca-auk’/=Tkulmashaauk. Tkulxiyogoa/ike=K walhioqua. Tlaamen=Sliammon. Tla/asath= Makah. Tlackees=Wailaki. Tlagga-silla—Trotsikkutchin. Tlaglli= Haglli. Tlahoos=Clahoose. Tlahosath=K lahosaht. Tlahus=Clahoose. Tlaidas= Haida. Tlaiq—Tlaik. Tlaiyu Haade—Hlgaiu-lanas. Tlakai’tat, Tlakatat—Klikitat. Tlakimish, Tlakimish-pim=Clackama. Tlalams, Tla/1/Em=Clallam. Tlalliguamayas, Tlalliquamallas=Quigyuma Tlalum=Clallam. Tlamath= Klamath. Tlamatl=Lutuamian Family, Klamath, Tlameth= Klamath. Tlanusi’yi=Quanusee. Tla/nuwa—Chattanooga. Tlao’/kwiath, Tlaoquatch, Tlaoquatsh—Clayoquot. Tlapan=Apalachee, Tlaqluit=Tlakluit. Tla’qom=Tlakom, Tiyopa- otca"nu"pa = Tiyopa- Tjguhsagh- 1158 Tlascala=Sia. Tlascani, Tlaskanai—Tlatskanai. Tla/ske’nog = K laskino. Tlastcini, Tlastsini=T lastshini. Tlatekamut, Tlatekamute=Tlatek. T’|a4-then-Koh’-tin=Tlathenkotin. , Tlatlashekwillo, Tlatla-Shequilla, Tlatlasiqoala, Tla- tli-si-kwila=Tlatlasikoala, Tlatsap=Clatsop. Tlatscanai=Tlatskanai. Tlats’enog=K laskino. Tlatskanie=Tlatskanai. Tlautisis—Tlauitsis. Tla-we-wul-lo=Clowwewalla. Tlaxcala=Sia. Taz tenne=Tatshiautin. Tlégogitno, Tlegozhitno—Tlegoshitno, Tlemtle’melets=Clemclemalats. Tleqeti=Tletlket. Tyas-Koh/-tin=Tleskotin. Tig-aio la‘nas—Hlgaiu-lanas. Tlg-a/it= Hlgahet, Skaito. Tle-s/itgu la’‘nas—Hlgahetgu-lanas. Tig-a/it gyit’inai= Hlgahet-gitinai. Tigaiu la/nas=Hlgaiu-lanas. Tlialil-kakat=Tlialil. Tlickitacks, T’likatat=Klikitat. T’linkets=Koluschan Family. Tlinkit=Tlingit, Koluschan Family. Tlinkit-antu-kwan=Tlingit. Tlinkwan Haadé=Klinkwan. Tlip-pah-lis, Tlip-pat-lis=Kilpanlus. Tlitk:/atEwu/mtlat—Shuswap. Tlizilani—Tlizihlani. Tik-agilt—Skidegate. Tl-kam-sheen=Tlkamcheen. Tlkinool=Cumshewa. Tlk/inotl la’/nas=Kagials-kegawai. Tlkumcheen, Tlk-umtci/n=Tlkamcheen. Tlokeang= Kato. Ty’o-teene, Tjo-too--na=Klokegottine. Tisds-me’ yanné= Thlitsusmetunne, Tlu=Kloo. T'lu-él-la-kwe= Pueblos. Tluh-ta-us= Newhuhwaittinekin. Tlu/tlama’/rka=Assiniboin. Tmarois—Tamaroa. Tnac, Tnai, Tnaina, Tnaina Ttynai=Knaiakhotana. Tnijotobar—Quijotoa. Toaa=Tohaha. Toad=Sopaktalgi. Toaganha, Toagenha—Ontwaganha. Toags=Nanticoke. Toah-waw-lay-neuch=Tsawatenok. Toajas=Tawehash. Toajgua—Tojagua. Toak paf car=Tukpafka. Toalaghreghroonees, Toalaghreghsoonees—Tutelo. To-alchin/di=Chakpahu. Toam/-cha=Tomcha. Toanda, Toando, To-an-hooch, Toanhoock, Toan- hich, To-an-kooch=Twana, Toanyaces=Tawehash. Toao=Tohaha. Toapuli=Santa Catarina. Toas=Taos, Tewa, Tigua. Toasi=Tawasa. Toataghreghroones=Tutelo. Toaux=Tiou. Toauyaces=Tawehash. Toa-waw-ti-e-neuh—Tsawatenok. Toayas=Tawehash. Tobas=Soba. Tobacco Indians—Tionontati. Tobacco Plains Kootanie, Tobacco Plains Kootenay= Akanekunik. To‘baznaaz, To‘baznaazi=Thobazhnaazhi. Tobé-a-did= Yakima. Tobic=Tobique. Tobikhars=Gabrielefio. Tobiscanga=Toviscanga. Tocabatché=Tukabatchi. Tocaninambiches= Arapaho. Toccoa=Tagwahi. Toc-co-gul-egau=Tokogalgi. Tocconnock=Taconnet. To-che-wah-coo= Foxes. Tockwaghs, Tockwhoghs, Tockwocks, Tockwogh, Tockwoghes, Tockwoughes=Tocwogh. TLASCALA—TOMALES {B. A.B. ' Toco=Toquo. Tocoah=Tagwahi. Toco-baja-Chile, Tocobajo, Tocobayo, Tocobogas, Tocopata, Tocovaga=Tocobaga. Toctata=Oto. Tocwoys=Tocwogh. Toderechrones, Toderichroone, Todericks=Tutelo. Todetabi= Yodetabi. Todevigh-rono=Coreorgonel, Tutelo. Todichini= Thoditshini. Todirichrones=Tutelo. Todirichroones=Christanna Indians, Tutelo. To ‘ditsini= Thoditshini. To‘dokonzi=Thodhokongzhi. Toechkanne= Wichita. To’é’k‘tlisath=Chaicclesaht. Toenchain, Toenchen=Toanche. Toné=Athapascan Family. To-e-ne-che=Talinchi. Toenenhoghhunt=Seneca. Teni=Athapascan Family. Togabaja—Tocobaga. Togenga—Tongigua. Toghsaghrondie=Tiosahrondion. Toghwocks=Tocwogh. Togiagamiut=Togiak. Togiagamut=Togiagamiut. Togiagamute, Togiak Station=Togiak. Togiarhazoriamute=Togiaratsorik. Tognayo—Teguayo. Togo=Soco. Togobatche=Tukabatchi. Togunguas—Tongigua. Togyit’inai=Do-gitunai. Tohaha=Taraha. Tohahe=Taraha, Tohaha. Tohaiton=Totiakton. Tohaka=Tohaha. T6‘hani, Tohanni=Thokhani. Tohiccon, Tohicon, Tohikon=Tioga. Tohogaleas= Yuchi. Tohogalias=Tokogalgi. Tohontaenras=Tohontaenrat. Tohopikaliga, Tohopkolikies—Tohopekaliga. Tohotaenrat=Tohontaenrat. To’-ho-uh=Tohou. Toibi, Toibi-pet=Toybipet. Toikon=Tioga. Toillenny=Heshota Ayahltona, To-i-nin’-a=Atsina. Toison=Tucson. Tojobaco—Tocobaga. Tokali=Takulli. Tokatoka=Tohookatokie. Tokaubatchee=Tukabatchi. To-ke-ma-che=Tuhukmache. Tokhakate, Tokio, Tok-kakat, Tok-khakat—Tok. Tok’oa/ath=Toquart. Tokoonavi=Tokonabi. Tokotci winwt, To-ko-tci wun-wi=Tokochi. To-kum’/-pi=Northern Assiniboin. Tokiwe= Apache. Tokwaht=Toquart. Tola=Nutria. Tolana=Tolowa. Tolane=Tocane. Tolawa=Tolowa. Tolekopdya=Tulkepaia. Tolemaro=Tolemato. Tolenos= Yolo. Tolera, Tolere, Toleri=Tutelo. Tolewah=Tolowa. Tolgopeya=Tulkepaia. T!o/tk!a=Tohlka. Tolkepayd, Tolkipeya, Tolkopaya—Tulkepaia. Tolkotin=Tautin. Tolli Hogandi=A watobi. Tollinches=Talinchi. Tolocchopka=Taluachapkoapopka. Tolofa=Talofia Ockhase. Tolomato=Tolemato. Tolopchopko=Taluachapkoapopka. Tolowarch, Tolowar thlocco=Apalachicola. ToLtsasdin—Toltsasding. Tolujaa=Tilijaes. To-lum-ne=Telamni Tomachas=Tawehash. Tomachee=Timucua. Tomales=Tamal, ee BULL. 30] Tomaroas=Tamaroa. Tomasa=Tawasa. Tomatly, Tomatola=Tamali. Tombecbé, Tombechbé, Tombeche, Tombeechy=Tom- bigbee. Tomeas=Tohome. Tomé Dominguez=Tomé. Tomés, Tomez=Tohome. To-Mia=Santa Ana. Tomiscamings=Temiscaming. Tom-i-ya=Santa Ana. Tommakee=Timucua. Tommotley=Tamaili. Tomocos, Tomoka=Timucua. Tomo/la=Tubatulabal. Tomothle=Tamahli. Tompacuas= Pakawa. Tompiras, Tompires=Tompiro. Tona-kwe=Tona. Tonanulga=Tonanulgar. Tonawando, Tonawanta=Tonawanda. Toncahiras, Toncahuas=Tonkawa. Ton/cas=Kutawichasha. Toncawes=Tonkawa. Ton-ch-un=Tonchuun. ' Tondaganie= Roche de Boeuf. Tondamans=Seneca. Tondo=Tontos. Tongarois=Ontwaganha. Tongass=Tongas. Tongenga, Tonginga—Tongigua. Tongorias=Ontwaganha. Tongues= Tonkawa. Tonguinga=Tongigua. Toniata=Tonihata. Tonica=Tonikan Family. Tonicas, Tonicaus=Tunica. Toniche, Tonici=Tonichi. Tonika=Tonikan Family, Tonikas=Tunica. Toniquas=Tanico. Tonitsi, Tonitza=Tonichi. Tonjajak—Kukak. Tonkahans, Tonkahaws, Tonkahiras, Tonkahuas, Ton-ka-hues, Ton-kah-y-ays, Tonkaways, Tonkawe, Tonkawéya, Tonkeways, Tonkhuas= Tonkawa. Tonkonko=Siksika. Tonkowas, Tonks=Tonkawa. Tonnaoute=Tannaoute. Tonnewanta=Tonawanda. Tonniata=Tonihata. Tonningua—=Tongigua. Tonnontoins=Seneca. Tonnoraunto=Tonawanda. To-noc-o-nies=Tawakoni. Tono-Oohtam= Papago. Tonoziet=Tonoyiet’s Band. Ton-que-was, Tonqueways=Tonkawa. Tonquish’s village=Tonguish’s Village, Tonquoways, Tonqus=Tonkawa. Tons=Taos. Tonsagroende=Tiosahrondion. Tonsobe=Tomsobe. Tont-a-quans=Tongas. To"-tdoa—Tong. Tonteac, Tonteaca= Hopi. Tontears—Tontos. Tontewaits=Chemehuevi. Tonthratarhonon=Totontaratonhronon. Tonto-Apaches=Tontos. Tonto Cosnino=Havasupai. Tontoes=Tontos. Tontonteac= Hopi. Tontos= Yavapai. Tonto-Tinné=Tontos. Tontthrataronons=Totontaratonhronon, Tontu=Tontos. Too—Tiun. Too-an-hooch, Too-au-hoosh=Twana. Too-clok band=Tutlut. Too-coo recah=Tukuarika. Toogelah, Toogoola=Tugaloo. Tooh-to-cau-gee=Tukhtukagi. Tookabatcha, Tookabatchee=Tukabatchi. Took’-a-rik-kah=Tukuarika. Took-au-bat-che= Tukabatchi. Took-au-bat-che tal-lau-has-see=Taluamutchasi. Tookaubatchians=Tukabatchi. Tookhlagamute=Tuklak. TOMAROAS—TOTHEOT 1159 Tookseat= Munsee. Tooleekskoi=Tulik. Tooleerayos=Tularenos. Toolukaanahamute=Tuluka. Toomedocs=Tumidok. Toomes=Tohome. Toom-na=Tumna. Toonoonee=Tununirusirmiut. Toonoonek=Tununirmiut. Toon-pa-ooh=Tonebao. Too-num’/-pe=Tunanpin. Too-qu-aht=Toquart. Toos=Taos. Tooses=Tuskegee. Toosey’s Tribe=Toosey. Tootootana=Tututunne. Too-too-ten=Tututni. Too-too-te-nay=Tututunne. Too-too-te-ny=Tututni. Too-toot-e-ways, Too-toot-na, Too-toot-nay, Too- tootne=Tututunne. Too-toot-nie, Too-too-ton, Tootootone=Tututni. Too-too-to-neys, Too-too-to-nies, Too-too-to-ny, Toot-toot-en-ay=Tututunne. Too-war-sar=Tawehash. Tooweehtoowees= Miami. Too-wos-sau=Tawasa. Topa-an=Thkhapaha. Topacas=Tukabatchi. Topana-ulka=Toponanaulka. Topanica=Topanika. : Topchalinky, Topekaliga=Tohopekaliga. To-pe-ne-bee, Topenibe, To-pen-ne-bee=Topenebee’s Village. Topent=Topeent. Top-hulga= Attapulgas. Topia—Topira. Topingas=Tongigua. Topinibe=Topenebee’s Village. Topin-keua, Top-in-te-ua= Hopi. Topira, Topires, Topiros=Tompiro. Topiza=Topira. Topkegalga, Topkélaké—Attapulgas. Top-ni-be=Topenebee’s Village. Topnish=Topinish. Topocapas=Tocobaga. Topofkees, Topofkies=Tukpafka. Topoliana-kuin=Taos. Topony=Sepori. Topoqui=Topiqui. Toppahannock=Rappahannock. Toprofkies=Tukpatka. Toqua, To scart Ce Toquaht, Toquatux, Toquhaht=Toquart. Torape—Torepe’s Band. Toreman=Tourima. Toreon, Toreuna=Torreon. Torim=Telamni. Torima, Toriman, Torimanes, Torinan=Tourima. Toriuash=Tawehash. Toro=Tova. Torremans=Tourima. Torreon=Kuaua. Torsee=Tawsee. Tortero—Tutelo. Toruro=Tallulah. To-sarke=Tosarke’s Band. Tosawa=Toxaway. To’-sa-wee, To-sa-witches=Tussawehe., Toscororas=Tuscarora. Tosepon=Tisepan. - To-si’ko-yo=Tasikayo. To-si-witches, To-si-withes=Tussawehe. Toskegee=Taskigi. Toskiroros=Tuscarora. Tosoees, To-so-wates, Tosowes, To-sow-witches=Tus- sawehe. TostlEngilnagai’=Dostlan-Inagai. Tosugui=Tesuque. Totacaga=Tukhtukagi. Totaly=Tutelo. Totanteac= Hopi. Totaro—Tutelo. Totatik— Poodatook. To-ta-t’-qenne—Totatkenne. Toteloes=Tutelo. Tote-pauf-cau=Tukpafka. Totera, Toteri, Toteroes, Toteros=Tutelo. Tothect=Totheet. 1160 Totiakto=Totiakton. Totierono, Totiri=Tutelo. Totiris=Catawhba. Totlgya gyit’inai=Tohlka-gitunai. Toto=Totoma. Totonaltam=Azqueltan. Totonat=Sicobutovabia. Totones, Totonic tribes=Tututni. Totonteac, Totonteal, Totontoac=Hopi. Totora=Tutelo. Tototan, To to-taws=Tututni. Tototeac= Hopi. Tototen, Tototin, Tototune, To-to-tut-na=Tututni. To '‘tsalsitaya—Thochalsithaya. To-tshik-o-tin=Trotsikkutchin. Totsik=Sacaton. To6‘tsoni=Thotsoni. Tottero, Totteroy—Tutelo. Totu=Totoma. Totutime, Totutune=Tututni. Totzikala=Totchikala. Touacara, Touacaro=—Tawakoni. Touacha=Tawasa. Touagannha=Ontwaganha. Touanchain=Toanche. Touaqdjuaq=Tuakdjuak. To-ua-qua=Towakwa. Touashes=Tawehash. Touch not the skin of a black bear= Wasabehitazhi. Touchon-ta-Kutchin, Touchon-tay Kutchin=Tutcho- nekutchin. Touchouaesintons=T ouchouasintons. Touckagnokmiut=Tuklak. Toudamans=Seneca. Touenchain=Toanche. Touginga—Tongigua. Touguenhas=Ontwaganha. Toukaubatchee=Tukabatchi. Toukaways=Tonkawa. Toulaksagamut=Tuluksak. Touloucs=Ottawa. Toumachas, Toumika=Tunica. Toungletats=Lekwiltok. Tounica, Tounika=Tunica. Touppa=Toupa. Touquaht=Toquart. Tourika=Tunica. Tourimans=Tourima. Tous=Taos. Touscaroros=Tuscarora. Touse=Taos. Touserlemnies=Tuolumne. Tous les Saints=Kandoucho. Toustchipas—Tushepaw. Toutacaugee=Tukhtukagi. Touto Apaches=Tontos. Toutounis, Tou-tou-ten=Tututunnes Toux Enongogoulas=Avoyelles. Touzas=Tuskegee. Tovares=Tubare. Towaahach=Tawehash. Towacanies, Towacanno, Towacano, Towacarro, To- waccanie, Towaccaras=Tawakoni. Towaches=Tawehash. Towackanies, To-wac-ko-nies, To-wac-o-nies, To- wacoro=Tawakoni. Towaganha—Ontwagapbha. Towahach, Towahhans=Tawehash. To-wa’/-ka=Seneca. Towakani, Towakarehu, Towakarros, Towakenoe= Tawakoni. Towako, Towakon=Ottawa. To-wal-um-ne=Tuolumne. Towanahiooks=Towahnahiooks. Towanda=Twana. Towannahiooks=Towahnahiooks. Towanoenddlough=Teatontaloga. Towapummuk=Shuswap. To-wa que=Taa. Towarnaheooks, Towarnahiooks=Towahnahiooks. Towarsa=Tawasa. Towas=Hano, Tewa. Towash=Tawehash. Towawog=Nameaug. Towcash, Tow-ce-ahge, Tawehash, Toweca=Tawakoni. Towecenegos=Sinago. Toweache, Toweash= TOTIAKTO—TRUE THNAINA [B. A. B. Tow-eeahge, Tow-eeash, Towiaches, Towiache-Ta- wakenoes=Tawehash. Towiachs=Tawakoni. Towiash=Tawehash. Towigh, Towighroano= Miami. Towih=Taos. To-win-ché-ba= Holkomah. Towirnin=Taos. Towish=Tawehash. Town Builders, Town-building Indians, Town Indians= Pueblos. Town of Relief=Aymay. Town of the Broken Promise=Tomé. Town of the winds=Pinawan. Towns-people= Pueblos. Towoash, Towoashe=Tawehash. Towoccaroes, Towocconie, To-woc-o-roy Thycoes, Towoekonie=Tawakoni. Towrache, Towzash=Tawehash. To-ya=Nutria. Toyagua=Tojagua. Toyals=Tohaha. Toyash=Tawehash. Toyengan=Tongigua. To-y-lee=Tsoowahlie. Toyn-aht=Toquart. To-yo-a-la-na=Heshota Ayahltona. Toy Pah-Utes, Toy Pi-Utes, Toy’-yu-wi-ti-kut-teh= Toiwait. To-zan’/-né=Laguna. Tozikakat=Nuklukayet. Tozjanne=Laguna. T’Peeksin, T’Peekskin=Tapeeksin. Tpelois— Natchez. —-— Tqlin-qas’ tanné’=Tkhlunkhastunne Tqt’a/qumai=Toktakamai-. _ TGia-qnamidh ("ik wale wails - Tquayaum, Tquayum, Tqwayaum=Taqwayaum. Traders=Ottawa. Traht=Tyigh. Tpa-kfwelé-pttine=Takfwelottine. Trakouaehronnons=Trak8aehronnons = Conestoga. Tpaltsan Ottine=Tatsanottine. Tramasquecook=Tramasqueac. Tpanane-Kouttchin, Tpanata-Kuttchin’=Tenan- kutehin. Tran-jik-koo-chin=Trotsikkutchin. Tpa-pa-Gottine=Nellagottine. Trappers= Nanticoke. Trascaluza=Tascalusa. Tpathel-ottiné—Takfwelottine. Tpatsan-Ottiné—Tatsanottine. Tratse-kutshi=Trotsikkutchin. Traveling Hail= Passing Hail’s Band. _Treaber Utes=Cumumbah. Treacherous lodges= Ashbotchiah. Trementinas=Tremblers. Tpendjidheyttset-kouttchin=Tangeratsa. Trés-qui-ta=Pohoi. Tresrevere=—Three Rivers. Tpétlé-(k)uttchin, Tpe-tliet-Kouttchin=Tatlitkut- chin. Tpé-ttchié-dhidié-Kouttchin=Natsitkutchin. Tria=Sia. Triapé=Triapi. Triconnick=Taconnet. Trijaoga=Tioga. Tpi-kka-Gottineé=Desnedeyarelottine. Trile Kalets=Klikitat. Trinachamiut=Trinachak. Trinity Indians=Hupa. Tpion-Kouttchin=Tangeratsa. Trios=Sia. Tripaniek=Tripanick. Trivti, Triyti=Guatitruti. Trizaoga—Tioga. Troes=Zoe. Trois Rivieres=Three Rivers. Trokesen=Iroquois. Trongsagroende=Tiosahrondion, Tronontes=Tionontati. Troquois=Iroquois. Trout nation= Winnebago. Trovmaxiaquino=Troomaxiaquino. Troy Indians= Pocasset. Troy River=Three Rivers. Trudamans=Seneca. True Thnaina= Knaiakhotana. ST aa BULL. 30] Truni=Zuii. Trypaniks=Tripanick. Tsaagwi’ gyit’inai’=Djahui-gitinai. | Tsaagwisguatl'adegai’=— Djahui-skwahladagai. Tsa-bah-bish, Tsa-bah-bobs=Dwamish. | Tsaba’kosh=Dakota. Tsaga‘ha’=Tsaganha. Tsah-bahbish=Dwamish. Tsah-ti=Choctaw. Tsah’-tyuh—Tsattine. Tsah-wau-tay-neuch, Tsah-waw-ti-neuch, Tsah-waw- ty-neuchs=Tsawatenok. Tsaisuma= Washo. Tsakaitsetlins, Tsakaitsitlin—Spokan. Tsa-ka-nha-o-né"= Delaware. T’sakbahbish= D wamish. Tsdlagi, Tsalakies—Cherokee. Tsalaygasagi—Chillicothe. Tsalel, Ts’a -lil-a’=—Silela. Tsa-lo-kee—Cherokee. Tsa mpi/nefa amim=Chepenafa. Tsan Ampkua amim=Umpqua. Tsan 4-uta amim=Siuslaw. Tsanh alokual amin=Calapooya. Tsan halpam amim=Santiam. Tsa/nish=Arikara. 3 Tsan kliy temifa amim=Tsanklightemifa. Tsanout=Tsawout. Tsan tcha/-ishna amim=Salmon River Indians. Tsan tcha/lila amim=Silela. Tsan tchifin amim—Tsanchifin. Tsan tkupi amim=Tsankupi. Tsan-tpié-pottine=Tsantieottine. Tsanusi’yi=Quanusee. Tsa-ottiné=Tsattine. Tsapxadidlit=Tsapkhadidlit. — Tsaqtono—Tsaktono. Tsaragi—Cherokee. Tsa-re-ar-to-ny=Kaltsergheatunne. Tsar-out=Tsawout. Tsashtlas=Siuslaw. tsata-heni—Tsatenyedi. Ts’a/-ta-rxé-qe/ yanné’=Tsatarghekhetunne, T’saten, Tsa-’tenne, Tsa-tinneh=Tsattine. Ts’atl la’nas=Chaahl-lanas. Tsa-tqenne=Tsattine. : Tsatsaquits=Tlatlasikoala. Tsatsnotin, Tsatsuotin=Tanotenne. Tsa-ttinne=Tsattine. Tsauat’énog—Tsawatenok. Tsa/-u-i=Chaui. Tsa/umak=Tzauamuk. Tsaumass=Songish, Tsauwarits=Tsuwaraits. Tsawadainoh, Tsawahtee, Tsawalinough, Tsawan- tiano, Tsa-wanti-e-neuh, Tsawataineuk, Tsa/wa- tr/énoq, Ts’a’watkéndx, Tsawatli, Tsa-waw-ti-e- neuk='T'sawatenok. Tsa-whah-sen=Talal. Tsawi=Chaui. Tsa’/-wut-ai-nuk, Tsa-wutt-i-e-nuh, Tsa-wutti-inuh= Tsawatenok. Tsaxta—Choctaw. Tsa‘yiskigni, Tsa‘yiski/dni=Tsayiskithni. Tschah= Hagwilget. Tschahtas=Muskhogean Family. Tschaktaer—Choctaw. Tscharai=Charac. Tscha-wa-co-nihs=Chawakoni. Tscha-wan-ta=Tashhuanta. Tschechschequannink, Tschechschequaniing, Tsch- echsequannink=Sheshequin. Tschernowskoje=Chernofski. Tschetschehn=Tesik. Tschih-nahs=Tsano. Tschihri= Pawnee. Tschilkat, Tschilkat-kon—Chilkat. Tschilkut=Chilkoot. Tschinjagmjut=Chingigmiut. Tschinkaten=Tenankutchin. Tschinuk=Chinook, Chinookan Family. Tschipeway, Tschippiweer=Chippewa. Tschirokesen=Cherokee. Tschischlkhathkhoan, Tschishlkhath, Tschishlkhath- khoéan=Chilkat. Tschlahtsoptschs—Clatsop. Tschnagmeuten, Tschnagmjuten, Tschnagmiiten= Chnagmiut. Tschuagmuti=Malemiut. TRUNI—TSIA 1161 Tschugatschi, Tschugazzes, Tschugazzi—Chuga- chigmiut. tschukane/di=Chukanedi. Tschunguscetoner=Tschantoga. Tschura, Tschura-Allequas=Tsurau. Tsclallums=Clallam. Ts/-co=Cheli. Tsea, Tse-ah=Sia. Tsé Aminéma=Tyigh. Ts’éca/ath—Seshart, Tseshaath. Tse/¢danka/=Haninihkashina. Tse‘¢eckijni=Tsetheshkizhni. Tse‘¢qani=Tsethkhani. Tse ‘déski'/-ni=Tsetheshkizhni. Tse‘dzinki/ni=Tsezhinkini. Tseghi=Chelly. Tségoatl la’nas=Djiguaahl-lanas. Tsehalish—Chehalis. K Tse-hwit-zen=Tsewhitzen. Tse-itso-kit= Mishongnovi. Tse-itso-kit/-bit-si/-li=Shipaulovi. Tse‘jingiai, Tse jingiaigine—Tsezhinthiai. Tse‘jinkini=Tsezhinkini. Tsekanie=Sekani. Tsé-kéh-na—Tsekehneaz, Tsé’kéhne, T’sekenné=Sekani. Tsé-ki-a-tan-yi=Cueva Pintada. Tsekum, Tse-kun=Tsehump. Tsé ‘la/kayat amim=Klikitat. Tsé-loh-ne=Tselone. Tsemakum=Chimakum. Tse-mo-é=Sitsime. Ts’emSia/n= Tsimshian. Tse‘nahapi’//ni=TsenahapihIni. Ts’ E/nq’am=Tsenkam. Ts’b/ntsEnuk’aio, Ts’r/nts’Enx'qaid, Tsénxq’aio— Tsentsenkaio. 3 Ts’ée/okuimiX =—Tseokuimik. Tsepechoen frercuteas=Semonan, Serecoutcha, Tsepcoen, Tsepehoen, Tsepehouen=Semonan. Tserabocherete, Tserabocretes=Bocherete, Tsera. Tse-pottiné—Tseottine. Ts’e-rxi’-4 yinné=Kaltsergheatunne. Tse’-Sa do-hpa-ka, Tsé-sa no-hpa-ka= Pawnee. Tsesh-aht=Seshart. Tsé Skualli amim=Nisqualli. Tse-ta-hwo-tqenne, Tsé’-ta-ut’qgenne = Tsetaut- kenne. Tsétcah=Tsechah. Ts’e-t’¢im=Tsetthim. Tse-tdoa=Tse. Tse‘thani=Tsethkhani. Tse-tis-tas’ = Cheyenne. TsétseLoa’/laqEmae=Tsetsetloalakemae. Tséts gyit’inai’/—Chetsgitunai. Tset-so-kit= Mishongnovi. Tse yu’ ya=Tsedtuka. Tse-tut/-qla-le-ni/tin =Tsetutkhlalenitun. Ts’é/uits=Tseokuimik, Tse-xi/-4 tené= Kaltsergheatunne, Tsexlten=Tseklten. Tse‘yanaco‘ni, Tse‘yanaténi=Tseyanathoni. Tse‘yikehe¢ine, Tse‘yikéhedine‘=Tseyikehe. Tse‘zindiai=Tsezhinthiai. T’shah-nee=Tsano, T’shanasandkue=— Laguna. T’shashita/-kwe=Isleta. Tsheheilis=Chehalis. Tshei-nik-kee=Chainiki. Tshe-tsi-uetin-euerno= Montagnais, Tshi-a-uip-a=Isleta. Tshilkotin=Tsilkotin. Tshimsian—Chimmesyan Family. Tshingits, Tshinkitani—Tlingit. Tshinook=Chinookan Family. Tshinook, Tshinouk—Chinook, Tshinuk—Chinookan Family. Tshi-quit-é= Pecos. Tshishé= Apache. Tshithwyook—Chilliwhack. Tshokfachtoligamut—Shokfak, Tshokoyem=Chokuyem. Tshoo-loos/=Tsulus. Ts-ho-ti-non-do-wa’/-ga’ —Seneca. Tshugazzi=Chugachigmiut. Tshu-kutshi=Tsitoklinotin, Tshya-ui-pa=Isleta. Tsia=Sia. 1162 Tsi’-a-qaus’=Tsiakhaus. Tsichoan=Shakan. Tsiou Sinjsay¢é=—Tsishusindtsakdhe. Tsi/ou uysé pe¢u»/da—Tsishuutsepedhungpa. Tsi/ou Wacta/ye=Tsishuwashtake. Tsiou Wanw’=Tsishusindtsakdhe. Tsi/ou wehaxige=Haninihkashina. Tsi-é/-qa we-yagl’=Tsiekhaweyathl. Tsifeno=Shufina. Tsi’/hacis— Kdhun. Tsihaili—Salishan Family. Tsihaili-Selish—Chehalis, Salishan Family. Tsihailish, Tsihalis=Chehalis. Tsi-hadno=Tsina. Tsi-he-lis=Chehalis. Tsi’-ka-c€é=Chickasaw. Tsikanni=Sekani. Tsi-klum=Tsehump. Tsiksi/tsi=Tuckaseegee. Tsik-i-si=—Chickasaw. Tsikyatitans’=Cueva Pintada. Tsilgopdya, Tsilgopeya=Tulkepaia. Tsilhtadén=Tsiltaden. Tsi/l-ina-inde=Tsihlinainde. Tsijkoh'ton, T silkotinneh=Tsilkotin. Tsilla-ta-ut’ tiné, Tsilla-ta-ut’-tinné, Tsillawadoot, Tsillaw-awdoot, Tsillaw-awdut-dinni, Tsillawdaw- hoot-dinneh, Tsillawdawhoot Tinneh=Etcheridie- gottine. Tsiltarden=Tsiltaden. Tsimchian, T’simpheeans, Tsimpsean, T’simpshean, T’simpsheean, Tsimsean, Tsimseyans, Tsimsheeans, T'sim-si-an/=Tsimshian. Tsimuna=Paraje. Tsinadzi/ni=Tsinazhini. Tsinaghse=Shamokin. Tsinajini=Tsinazhini. Tsincobetlo=Tsinthobetlo. Tsinha=Tsina. Tsin-ik-tsis’-tso-yiks=Tsiniksistsoyiks. Tsinsaka¢ni, Tsinsakédni=Tsinsakathni. Tsinuk= Chinook. Tsinuk, T’sinuk=Chinookan Family. Tsinusios=Geneseo. Ts’iomxau=Tsiomhau. Tsiphenu=Shufina. Tsipu=Chippewa. Tsiqua’gis stastaai’—Chawagis-stustae. Tsi’-se’= Mescaleros. Tsistlatho band=Naskotin. Tsi taka do hpa ka=Seechkaberuhpaka. Tsitka-ni=Sekani. Tsitsimé/lEqala=Tsitsimelekala. Tsitsk= Hagwilget. Tsi-tska ddo-qpa-ka=Seechkaberuhpaka. Tsitsumevi, Tsi-tsumo-vi, Tsitimovi=Sichomovi. Tsitz-hanutch=Tsits. Tsiwiltzha-e= Osage. Tsiy/-yxa»/-A—Tzekinne. Tsji/shekwe=Tontos. - Tsjoemakakork=Tumacacori. Tskaus=Sakahl. Tskiri rah/ru=Skidirahru. Tsnagmyut—Chnagmiut. Tsnasogh=Shamokin., Tsniuk=Chinook. Tsces-tsieg-Kuttchin=Trotsikkutchin. Tsogliakhten, Tsogliakten=Zogliakten. Tsohke=Sooke. Tsohkw=Tsako. Tsoi-gah—Nez Percés. Tso-is-kai=Chusca. Tsomass=Tsomosath. Tsomontatez=Tionontati. Tsomo/oL=Tsomootl. Tsonagogliakten, Tsonagolyakhten=Zonagogliak- ten. Tsonantonon=Seneca, Tsonassan=Sewathen. Tsong=Songish. Tson-krone=Thekkane. T. Sonnontatex=Tionontati. Tsonnonthouans, T. Son-non-thu-ans—Seneca. Tsonnontouan=Nundawao. T. Sonnontouans, Tsononthouans, Tsonontooas, Tsonontouans, Tsonontowans, Tsonothouans= Seneca. Ts1/-A-QAUS’—TUCSSON [B. A. B. Tson-tpié-pottiné=Tsantieottine. Tsoo-ah-gah-rah= Nez Percés. Tsoolootum=Nakuntlun. Tsoo-tsi-ola=Tsutsiola. Ts6-Ottineé=Sarsi. Tsoo-Yess=Tzues. Ts’otsQE/n=Tsimshian. Tsouonthousaas=Seneca. Tsou-wa/-ra-its=Tsuwaraits. Tsowassan—Sewathen. ~ Tsoyaha= Yuchi. TsQoagk’a/ne=Tskoakane. Tsuess=Tzues. Tsuharukats—Nez Percés. Tsuk-tsuk-kwalk’=Chuckchuqualk. Tstlakki=Cherokee. Tsulula’=Chilula. Tstn-'na-k¢i’-a-mit’/¢a4a=Tsunakthiamittha. T’sunuk—Chinook. Tsu’Qos=Sarsi. Tsuquanah=Tsooquahna. Ts’i-qus-li’-qwut-me/ yinné=Dakubetede, Tstshki=Shrutsuna. Tsuskai=Chusca. Tsussie= Yekolaos. Tstitpéli=Nez Percés. Ts’uwa’le=Tsoowahlie. Tsuxodi=Chutotalgi. Tstyake’ks, Tsuyaké/ksni=Shuyakeksh. Tsu-yess=Tzues. Tsuyu gila’gi=Oothcaloga. Tsxoaxqa/né=Tskoakane. Ttikigakg—Tikera. T’tran-jik kutch-in=Tangesatsa. Ttsé-ottiné= Tseottine. Ttutaho—Tutago. Bigand Rey rah ea pEaae, Ttynnai= Athapascan Fam- i Tuacana=Tawakoni. Tu-ad-hu=Twana. Tuagenha=Ontwaganha. Tualati, Tualatims, Tualatin, Tuality—Atfalati. Tu-an-hu, Tu-a-nooch, Tu-a-noock=Twana. Tuape=Toape. Tuas, Tu’ata—Taos. Tu-a-wi-hol=Santo Domingo. Tubaca, Tubae=Tubac. Tubar, Tubaris=Tubare. Tubbies=Choctaw. Tubeans=Tano. Tubessias= Yavapai Tubians—Tano. Tu-bic wun-wi=Tubish. Tubirans=Tano. Tubso, Tubson=Tucson. Tubuache=Tabeguache. Tubukhtuligmut, Tubuktuligmiut=Tubuktulik. Tucan= Hopi. Tucane=Tucara. Tucano= Hopi. Tucanoh=Twana. Tucaricas=Tukuarika. Tucayan= Hopi. Tuccabatche, Tuchabatchees=Tukabatchi. Tuchano= Hopi. Tuchapacs, Tuchapaks=Tushepaw. Tucharechee=Tikwalitsi. Tuchimas=Tuchiamas. Tuchsaghrondie= Tiosahrondion. Tuckaabatchees, Tuckabatcha, Tuckabatche=Tuk- abatchi. Tuckabatchee Teehassa=Taluamutchasi. Tuckabatches, Tuckabatchie, Tuckabatchy, Tucka- bathees, Tuckafaches=Tukabatchi. Tuckalegee=Tik walitsi. Tuckankanie=Tawakoni. Tuckapacks=Tushepaw. Tuckapas, Tuckapaus=Tukabatchi. Tuckarechee=Tik walitsi. Tuckasegee=Tuckaseegee. Tuck-a-Soof-Curra=Tsofkara. Tuckaubatchees, Tuckhabatchee=Tukabatchi. Tuckis’a/tn=Tushkisath. Tucknapax—Tushepaw. Tucksagrandie=Tiosahrondion. Tucpauska=Tukpafka. Tucremu=Tucumu. Tucsares=Tucsani. Tucsson=Tucson. BULL. 30] Tucubavi=Tucubavia. Tucutnut=Tukutnut. Tucuvavi=Tucubavia. Tuczon=Tucson. Tudamanes=Seneca. Tiade=Athapascan Family. Tudnunirmiut=Tununirmiut. Tudnunirossirmiut=Tununirusirmiut. Tuecuntallauhassee= Pakan-Tallahassee. Tii-ei—Isleta. Tuenho=Hastwiana. Tueson=Tucson. Tugiak, Tugiatak=Togiak. Tugibaytchi— Tukabatchi. Tugilo=Tugaloo. Tugson, Tuguison=Tucson. Tuhakwilh=Tsimshian. Tu-hau-cu-wi’-t’¢¢=Tuhaushuwitthe. Tu‘hlawai= Acoma. Tuh‘-muo=Tucumu. Tuhoa—Jemez. Tu-huc-mach, Tu-hue-ma-ches, hukmache. Tuhuktukis=Tawakoni. Tuhutama=Tubutama. Tu’/hu tane=Clackama. Tuhivti-omokat=Siksika. Tuhwalati=Atfalati. Tuh-yit-yay=Tajique. Tu’-iai=Santo Domingo. Tuighsaghrondy=Tiosahrondion. Tuihtuihronoons= Miami. Tuinondadecks, Tuinontatek=Tionontati. Tuison=Tucson. Cain Tukabatchey, Tukabaytchi=Tukaba- tchi. Tukachohas=Piankashaw. Tukahun— Piros. u’-ka-le, Ta-ka-nyi=Tawakoni. Tuka-rika—Tukuarika. Tu’-kate-kate=Tukachkach. Tukawbatchie, Tukkebatche=Tukabatchi. Tuk’/-ko=Takusalgi. Tukkola=Takulli. Tuk-kuth=Tukkuthkutchin. Tik-pa’ ha-ya-di’=Attacapa. Tukspi’sh, Tukspish-‘léma—John Day. Tukudh=Tukkuthkutchin. Tukuhun=Piros. Tu/-kwil-ma’-k ‘i= Kuitsh. Tula, Tulara, Tulare Lake Indians, Tulare River Indians, Tularesin=Tularenos. Tulas=Titlas. Tilawéi=Acoma. Tul’/bush= Mattole. T’ulck=Tulshk. Tule=Tularefios. Tulinskoe=Tulik. Tulkays=Tuluka, Tulkepaia venuna tche’hwhale=Tulkepaia. Tulla=Tula. T al-li’-miiks-mé yanné=Tillamook. Tulloolah=Tallulah. Tu-lo-kai’-di-sel, Tulukagnagamiut=Tuluka. Tuluksagmiut= ‘Tuluksak. Tulumono=Tulomos. Tuluraios=Tularenos. eee a rotnetunne. alykapay2=Tulkepaia. Tuma family=Yuman Family. Tumangamalum=Gabrieleno. Tumayas= Yuma. Tumecha=Tunicha. Tumeh=Athapascan Family. Tumewand= Mahican. Tumican=Timucua. Tumicha=Tunicha. Tumitl=Amaikiara. Timmai mampka wé-i Spring Indians. Tum-mault-lau=Tamali. Tummewatas=Clowwewalla. Tumpiros=Tompiro. TumQoa/akyas=Tumkoaakyas. Tumwater=Clowwewalla. Tunaghamiut— Tunagak. Tu’-na-ji-i/=Santa Ana. Tu’-na‘-p’i7s=Tunanpin. Tu-huk-nahs = Tu- peyaktchimmem= Warm TUCUBAVI—T US-KE-0-WA™ 1163 | Tinavwa=Sia. Tuncas=Tunica. Tuncksis=Tunxis. Tungass, Tungass-kon=Tongas. Tung-ke=Tungge. Tungrass=Tongas. Tunicas=Tonikan Family, Tu-ni/-cka a*-ya-di’, Tu-ni/-cka ha®-yé, Tunik8a= Tunica. Tuniqdjuait=Tornit. Tunis=Zuni. Tinné=Athapascan Family. Tunniakhpuk=Tuniakpuk. Tunque—Tungge. Tunscas=Tunica. Tuntu suxtana=Algemiut. Tununuk=Tanunak. Tuolomo=Tulomos. Tuolumne Indians, Tuolumnes=Tuolumne. Tuopa=Taos. Tuozon=Tucson. Tupanagos=Timpaiayats. Tupes=Ditsakana. Tuphamikhuagmut, Tup-hamikva, Tup-hanikwa=Topanika. Tuphulga=Attapulgas. Tup-ka-ak=Topkok. Tup-kug-ameuts=Tapkachmiut. Tups=Tupo. Tuge’-nikaci/ya—Tukhenikashika, Tuqte’umi=Atuami. Tuquison, Tuqulson— =Tuscon. T’u’-qwe-t’a’/gunné’—Tututni. Turcaroras=Tuscarora. Turealemnes=Tuolumne. Turi-ca-chi=Teuricachi. Turkey-Home, Turkey Town=Pinhoti. Turkey tribe of the Delawares= de crepe Turlitan=A tfalati. Turnip Mountain=Turniptown. Turn water=Stehtsasamish. Turrurar, Turruraw=Tallulah. Turtle gens=Kenikashika. TurtleMountain band= Mikinakwadshiwininiwak. Turtle tribe of the Delawares=Unami. Ti-rxéstl’ tsa’-tun=Turghestltsatun. Tusabe=Jicarilla. Tusachrondie=Tiosahrondion. Tu-sahn=Tzlanapah. Tusan= Hopi. Tusayan=Hopi, Tzlanapah. Tusayan Moqui=—Hopi. Tuscagee=Taskigi. Tuscalaways= Tuscarawas. Tusca Loosa, Tuscaluca=Tascalusa. Tuscarara, Tuscararo—Tuscarora. Tuscarawi= Tuscarawas. Tuscareras, Tuscarooroes-=Tuscarora. Tuscarorans, Tuscaroras=Tuscarawas. tusCarorase, Tuscaroraw, Tuscarore haga, Tuscaro- rens, Tuscarores, Tuscarories, Tuscaroroes, Tusca- row—Tuscarora. Tuscarowas= Tuscarawas. Tuscarura, Tuscaruro—Tuscarora. Tuscavoroas= Tuscarawas. Tus-che-pas=Tushepaw. Tuscoraras=Tuscarora. Tuscorawas= Tuscarawas. Tuscorora, Tuscororoes, Tuscoroura, Tuscorure, Tus- couroro—Tuscarora. Tu-se-an= Hopi. Tusehatche.= Fusihatchi. Tushapaws, Tus-he-pah, Tushepahas, Tushepaw Flatheads—7Tushepaw. Tushhanushagota= Yoroonwago. Tushsaghrendie=Tiosahrondion. Tushshepah=Tushepaw. Tush-yit-yay—Tajique. Tu’sikweo—Tasikoyo. Tus-kai/-yé, Tus-ka-o-wa”, rora. Tuskarawas= Tuscarawas. Tuskaroes, Tuskarooroe, Tuskarora, Tuskaroraha, Tuskarorers, Tuskarores, Tuskarorins, Tuskaroro, Tuskawres=Tuscarora. Tuskeegies, Tuskeego—Tuskegee. Tuskege, Tuskegee— Taskigi. T‘us-ke-0-wa»’, Tuskeroode, Tuskeruda, Tuskeruros, Tuskierores=Tuscarora. Tup-hamikwa, Tushepau, Tuskararo—Tusca- 1164 Tuskiki, Tuskogee=Tuskegee. Tuskoraries, Tuskorore=Tuscarora. Tuskowellow=Tuskawillao. Tuskroroes, Tusks=Tuscarora. Tuskugu=Tuskegee. Tuskurora=Tuscarora. Tuskwawgomeeg= Nipissing. Tu-sla, Tu-sla-na-pa, Tu-slan-go=Tzlanapah. Tusonimé=Tusonimon. Tiis-qltis’ yinné’=Tuskhlustunne. Tusquarores, Tusqueroro—Tuscarora. Tusquittee=Tusquittah. Tussaghrondie=Tiosahrondion. Tussapa, Tussapas=Tushepaw. Tussee=Tawsee. Tusskegee=Taskigi. Tussoninio—Tusonimon. Tustans=Tustur. Tiis’-ta-tiin qu’/-u-ci =Tustatunkhuushi. Tusuque=Tesuque. Tus’/-wa=Fusualgi. Tusyan= Hopi. Tutahuca=Tutahaco. Tu-taiina=Tu. Tutaliaco=Tutahaco. Tutaloes=Tutelo. Tutatamys=Tututni. Tutchaco=—Tutahaco. Tut-chohn/-kit-chin, Tutchone-Kutchin, Tutchone- kut’qin, Tutchon Kutchin, Titch-in-tah’ kutchin, Tutcone-kut’ qgin=Tutchonekutchin. Tutecoes, Tuteeves, Tutelas, Tutele=Tutelo. Tu Thini= Pueblos. Tuthla-huay, Tuth-la-nay=Acoma. Tutie, Tutiloes=Tutelo. Tutiritucar=Uturitue. Tutloe=Tutelo. Tutoi band= Nahaego. Tutoten=Tututni. Tu-tsan-nde=Lipan. Tut-seé-was=Tushepaw. Tutsogemut=Tachik. Tutsoni=Thotsoni. Tuttago—Tutago. Tuttallasee, Tut-tal-leo-see, Tut-tal-lo-see=Tutalosi. Tuttelars, Tuttelee=Tutelo. u’-ta=Tututunne. Tutuhaco—Tutahaco. Tutulor=Tutelo. Tutunah=Tututni. Tutunitucan=Uturitue. Tututamys, Tu-tuten=Tututni. Tutu’ téne’, Tu-tu-to-ni=Tututunne. Tutzose=Tutzone. Tuuk-soon=Tucson. Tuvalim=Tubare. Tuvasak=Toviscanga. Tuvatei winwi=Tuyachi. Tavén=Tano. Tuvoi winwi=Tuvou. Ti-vii-tei wun-wi=Tuvachi. Tuwakariwa=Tawakoni. T;: uwanxa-ike=K likitat. Tu-wa/ nyt-mi, Tii-wa wun-wu=Tuwa. Tiwi/-ai, Tawii=Santo Domingo. Tuwirat=Taos. Tuwita, Tiwixuide=Santo Domingo. Tuxaxa=Tohaha. Tuxeque—Tareque. Tiaixezé/p=Tuhezep. Tiyguét, Tiykanne= Wichita. Tuytchénoyika=Detsanayuka. Tuytu-kagi=Tukhtukagi. Tuyétchisk?= Dakota. Tuzan= Hopi. Tuzhune=Pusune. Twa’/ga‘ha’=Ontwaganha. Twa-ka/-nha’=Chippewa. Twakanhahors= Missisauga. Twalaties, Twalaty, Twalites, Twallalty, Twalta- tines=Atfalati. Twanoh, Twanug=Twana. Twechtweys, Tweeghtwees= Miami. Twé’tini/nde=Tuetinini. Twghtwees, Twichtwees, Twichtwichs, Twichtwicks, Twichtwighs, Twichwiches, Twicktwicks, Twick- twigs, Twictwees, Twictwicts, Twight, Twightees, Twighteeys, Twighties, Twightwees, Twightwicks, Twightwies, Twightwighs, Twightwis Roanu, Twig- tees, Twigthtwees, Twig-Twee, Twigtwicks, Twig- TUSKIKI—UFALEES [B. A. BE. twies, Twigtwig, Twiswicks, Twitchwees, Twithuays Lwi twitheno = Miami. Two Cauldrons, Two Kettles=Oohenonpa. Two-Mountain Iroquois=Oka. Two Rille band=Oohenonpa. Two-took-e-ways=Tututunne. Prowessiie: Twowokana, Twowokauaes = Tawa- coni. Tyaiwa/tysh= Lower Chinook. Tx‘é/ix‘tskuné=Theiktskune. Tyacappa, Tyakappan—Tyacappan. Tya-me, Tyami=Dyami. Tyaoga=Tioga. Tycappans=Tyacappan. Tychedas=Taisida. Tyeachten=Chiaktel. Tye of Deshute, Tygh, Tyh, Ty-ich, Tyicks=Tyigh. Tykothee, Tykothee-dinneh=Tukkuthkutchin. Tymahse=Tomassee. Tymangoua=Timucua. Tyndysiukhtana=Aglemiut. Tyoga=Tioga. Tyo-na-we"-det=Tonawanda. Tyo’nesiyo’=Geneseo. Tyo-non-ta-te-ka=Tiononiati. Tyopari=Teopari. Typoxies=Siyante. Tyschsarondia=Tiosahrondion. Tzaharagamut, Tzahavagamut, Tzahavek. Tzah-dinneh=Tsattine. Tzeachten=Chiaktel. Tzedoa=Tse. Tzéj-gla—Coyoteros. Tzéj-in-né=Tzecheschinne. Tzek-iat-a-tanyi=Cueva Pintada. Tze-kinne= Pima. Tzen-o-cué=Senecu. Tze-ojua=Tse. Tzia=Sia. Tzibola=Hawikuh. Tzi-gu-ma, Tzi-gu-may—Cienega. /Zii=Ssii. Tzinachini=Tsinazhini. Tzina hanutch=Tsina. Tzi-na-ma-a= Mohave. Tzip-ia Kue=Tsipiakwe. Tzi-quit-é= Pecos. Tzi-re-ge—Tshirege. Tzis-eque-tzillan=Tziseketzillan. Tzoes= Zoe. Tzulukis=Cherokee. Tzahavagamute= Va-buna-tota=Shipapulima. U-aha=Omaha. Valana=Picuris. UVala-to-hua, Ual-to-hua—Jemez. Uash-pa Tze-na= Huashpatzena. Ubate=Tano. Ubchacha=Oglala. Ubu= Yupu. Uburiqui=Imuris. Uca=Yukian Family. Ucachile=Osachile. Ucaltas=Lekwiltok. Uchagmjut=Uchak. Uché=Uchean Family. Uchees=Uchean Family, Yuchi. Uches=Yuchi. Uchesees= Lower Creeks. Uchi/chol=Ochechote. Uchies= Yuchi. Uchipweys=Chippewa. Uchres= Yukichetunne. Uchulta=Lekwiltok. Uchys= Yuchi. Ucista= Ucita. U-cle-ta=Lekwiltok. Ucle-tah—Lekwiltok, Ucluelet. Ucletes=Lekwiltok. Uclilet= Ucluelet. Uctetahs=Lekwiltok. : Vculta=Lekwiltok, Tsakwalooin. U’-cli wun-wii= Ushu. Udawak=Ottawa. ‘ Véech-é-neéti= K uhinedi. UVeena-caw=Huna. Ufalees, Ufallahs, Ufallays, Ufallees, Ufaula, Ufauley Ufawlas, Ufewles=Eutaula. righ ee BULL. 30] Ugagog’/mut=Ugagogmiut. Ugaguk=Igagik. Ugajuk=Uyak. Ugakhpa=Quapaw. Ugalachmiuti, Ugalakmutes, Ugalakmutsi, Ugalen- schen, Ugalensé, Ugalents, Ugalentse, Ugalentsi, Ugalentze, Ugalenz, Ugalenze, Ugalenzi, Ugaljach- mjuten, Ugaljachmutzi= Ugalakmiut. Ugaijachmutzi = Esquimauan Family, Ugalak- miut. Ugalukmute, Ugalyachmusti, Ugalyachmutsi, Ugal- yachmutzi, Ugalyackh-mutsi= Ugalakmiut. Uganak=Uganik. Ugaqpa, U-ga-qpa-qti—Quapaw. Ugas’hig-mut=Ugashigmiut. Ugavigamiut, Ugavik—Ugovik. Ugaypa, Ugaypayti=Quapaw. Ugiu-ug=Biorka. eed, eres a Uglaamie= Utkiavi. Uglariaq=Uglariak. Uglivia=Uglovaia. Ugluxlatuch= Ucluelet. Ugnasik= Unga. Ugokhamiut=Uchak. Ugovigamute=Ugovik. Uguiug—Beaver. Uhaiak=Akhiok. Uh-kos-is-co= Aucocisco. Uhichako=Ilkatsho. U-i-kayi ‘lako—Wikaithlako. UVinakhtagewik=Uinuk. Vintah Valley Indians, U’-in-tats=Uinta. Vitanons= Wea. Vi-ukufki= Weogufka. Ujange wakixe= Manyinka. eee seve Oscej0k. juiapa=Ujuiap. Uka=Yukian Family, Yukichetunne. Ukadliq, Ukadlix=Ukadlik. Ukagamut=Ukak. Ukag’/emut=Ukagemint. U-kah-pi=Quapaw. Ukak=Ikak. U-ka-nakane=Okinagan. Uyaqpa=Quapaw. Uya’qpa-qti= Ukakhpakhti. Uyagpaqti=Quapaw. Ukasa, Ukasak=Kansa. U-ka’-she= Mandan. Ukdschulik, Ukdshtlik=Ugjulirmiut. Uk-hoat-nom, Uk’hotnom=Ukohtontilka. Ukiahs, Ukias=Yokaia. Ukies= Yukian Family. Ukiolik= Ukiadliving. Ukivak=Ukivok. Ukivog-mut, Ukivokgmut, miut. Ukivuk, Ukiwuk=Ukivok. Ukla falaya=Oklafalaya. Uknadak= Uknodok. Ukshivkag-miut=Ukshivikak. Ukudyata=Ottawa. Uk-um-nom=Ukomnom. Ukunadok= Uknodok. Ukusiksalik, Ukusiksalingmiut, Ukusiksillik—=Uku- siksalirmiut. Ukvikhtuligmut=Ukviktulik. Ukwi’ni, Ukwii/nti=Oconee. Ulamanusék=Olamon. Vlastékwi= Malecite. U-lé-0-wa=Oraibi. Ulezaiamiut=Ulezara. Ulibahali=Ullibahali. Ulkies= Yukian Family. Ullibalies, Ullibalys=Ullibahali. Ullulatas=Olulato. Ulnobah, Ulno mequaegit=Beothukan Family. Vlokagmiut=Ulokak. Ulseah=Alsea. Ultschna=Kulchana. Ultsehaga, Ultsehua= Eskimo. Ultz-chna=Kulchana. Ulucas=Guilitoy. Ulukagmuts=Ulukakhotana, Ulukak=Ulukuk. Ulukuk=Ulukakhotana. VUlulato=Olulato. U'lin’/yi=Turniptown. Ukivokmiut=Ukivog- UGAGOG/MUT—UP-LA-GOH 1165 U-ma-‘‘ha’’=Omaha. Umahs= Yuma. Umanaqluaq, Lares Mrs Umanaqtusq, Umanay- tuay = Umanaktuak, U-manhan=Omaha. Umanos=Tawehash. Umashgohak=Creeks. Umatila=Umatilla. Umbaqua, Umbiqua=Umpqua. Umeas, Umene= Yuma, Umerik= Umivik. Umguas= Umpqua. Umi‘k=Ahmik. Umkwa, Um/-kwa-me’ yinné= Umpqua. Umnak=Nikolski. Um-nok-a-luk-ta=Umnokalukta. Umpame= Patuxet. Umpaquah= Umpqua. Umpkwa, Umpqua=Kuitsh. Umpquahs proper, Umpqua Irins, Umqua, Umques= Umpqua. Um-too-leaux=Humptulip. Umudjek=Eiwhuelit. Unachog= Patchoag. Unagoungas=A bnaki. Unagtuligmut=Ungalik. Unakagamut=Unakagak. Unakatana, Unakatana Yunakakhotana= Unakho- tana. Unaktolik=Ungalik. Unalachleet=Unalaklik. Unalachtgo, Unalachtin=Unalachtigo. Unalaklit= Unalaklik. Unalaschkaer= Unalaska. Unalaska=LDliuliuk. Unaleet=Unaligmiut. Unalginskoe=Unalga. Unaliskans=Unalaska. Unamines, Unamini=Unami. Unangan=Aleut, Esquimauan Family. Unatagua, Unataguous, Unataquas= Anadarko. Unatolik= Ungalik. Unaungna=Chowigna. Uncachage=Patchoag. Uncachogue= Poosepatuck. Uncaway=Uncowa. Unchagogs, Unchechauge, Uncheckauke= Patchoag Uncoes= Wasco. Uncompahgre=Tabeguache. Uncoway=Uncowa. Unc-pah-te=Hunkpatina. Uncpapa, Uncpappas=Hunkpapa. Uncpatina=Hunkpatina. Undatoma/tendi= Potawatomi. Unéchtgo= Nanticoke. Unedagoes=Onondaga. Unescapis, Ungava Indians=Nascapee. Ungavamiut=Tahagmiut. _ Ungiay6-rono—Seminole. Uni/in= Unisak. Unijaima=Unyijaima. Unikwa= Umpqua. Un-ka-pa= Unkapanukuints. Unkar kauagats-Ta-Nouts= Unkakaniguts. Unka-toma= Unkapanukuints. Unkée-yuta= Unkcheyuta. Unkepatines= Hunkpatina. Unkowas=Uncowa. Unkpapa, Unkpapa Dakotas, Unkpapas=Hunkpapa Unktce-yuta—Unkcheyuta. Unkus Indians= Mohegan. Unkwas= Uncowa. Un-nah-tak=Unatak. Unoktolik=Ungalik. Unov=San Dieguito. Unquachog, Unquechauge, Unshagogs—Patchoag. Unuh=Ona. Unigin=Esquimauan Family. Uningun= Aleut. Un-wu’-si= Angwusi. Unxus=Tunxis. UVon-a-gan=Howkan. Uparsoitac= Upasoitac. Upatrico=Comupatrico. Upatsesatuch=Opitchesaht. Upernavik=Upernivik. Uphaulie towns= Eufaula. Upiktalik—Opiktulik. Up-la-goh=Takimilding. 1166 Uplanders=Plaikni, Upland Indians= Mohegan. Up-le-goh=Takimilding. Upotoi=Apatai. Up-pa= Hupa. Up-pa-goines, Up-pah-goines=Opegoi. Upper Brules=Kheyatawichasha. Upper Castle=Canajoharie. Upper Cheehaws=Chiaha. Upper Chihalis=K waiailk. Upper Coquille= Mishikhwutmetunne. Upper Cowetas town=Kawita. Upper Cree=Sakawithiniwuk. Upper Dakotas=Santee. Upper De Chutes=Tyigh. Upper Esquimaux of Begh-ula or Anderson’s River= Kitegareut. Upper Eufalla, Upper Euphaules= Eufaula. Upper Gens du fou=Trotsikkutchin. Upper Killamuks=Tillamook. Upper Klamath=Karok. Upper Kootanais, Upper Kootanie, Upper Kootenay, Upper Kootenuha= Upper Kutenai. Upper Matchodic, Upper Mattschotick= Matchotic. Upper Medewakantwans= Upper Mdewakanton. Upper Mohawk Castle=Canienga. Upper Oakfuske=Oakfuskee. Upper Pend d’Oreilles=Kalispel. Upper Platte Indians=Kheyatawichasha. Upper Puyallup=Tooahk. Upper Rogue River Indians=Takelma, Upper Seesetoan=Kahra. Upper Senecas=Geneseo. Upper Spokanes=Spokan. - Upper Tsihalis=K waiailk. Upper Ufale= Eufaula. Upper Umpqua= Umpqua. Upper Wakpaton= Mdeiyedan. Up-pup-pay=Nez Percés. U’pqa»=Upkhan. Bite ee Upsaraukas, Upsarocas, Up-sa-ré-ka, Up-shar-look- kar, Upsook, Up-sor-ah-kay=Crows. Uquiota—Oquitoa. U-qwaiké=Ukhwaiksh. Ura=Uva. Uraba=Taos. Uragees=Mahican. Urai-Nuints=Uainuints. Urawis=Unami. Ure=Opata. Urriba cuxi, Urribarracuxi=Tocobaga. Ur’thlaina tai’/na=Urhlaina. Usauleys, Usawla, Usawles= Eufaula. Usaya, Usaya-kue, Usayan=Hopi. U’-se=Ushu. Usechees=Osotchi. Usheree, Usherie, Ushery=Catawhba. Ush-ke-we-ah= Bannock. Ushkimani’tigog=Oukiskimanitouk. Ushpi= Ofogoula. Usietshawus=Tillamook. Uskee, Uskeemé, Uskeemi, Uskimay=Eskimo. Uskok=Hiyayulge. Uskwawgomees= Montagnais. Usquemows= Eskimo. Ussagénéwi, Ussaghenick— Montagnais. Usseta= Kasihta. Ussinebwoinug= Assiniboin. Ussinnewudj—=Sarsi. Us-suc-car-shay= Mandan. Ustana=Timucua. Ustenary=Ustanali. Ustu=Ustoma. Usuchees=Osotchi. Usuoke-haga=Oswegatchie. Usutchi=Osotchi. Utagamig= Foxes. Utahs=Ute. Utaisita—Kadohadacho. Utamis= Miami. Uta/mqtamux= Lower Thompson Indians. Utaobaes=Ottawa. Utas=Ute. Utdséta= Kadohadacho. Utawas, Utawawas=Ottawa. Utaws=Ute. Utce-ci-nyu-mth=Apache. Ut-cha-pah, Ut-cha-pas, Ut-chap-pah=Uchapa. UPLANDERS—VEACHILE Utchees=Uchean Family, Yuchi. Utchis= Yuchi, Utcitcak=Ojeejok. Ute=Mogqtavhaitaniu. Ute Diggers =Puitte. Utella= Umatilla. Utiangue, Utianque=Autiamque. Utillas= Umatilla. Utilltue=Uturituc. Utinama, Utinamocharra=Utina. Utinom=Usal. Utiqimitung=Utikimitung. Utkeagvik, Utkeaire, Utkiaving, Utkiavwin=Utki- avi. Utkiavwinmiun= Utkiavinmiut. Utku-hikalik, Ut-ku-hikaling-méut, Ut-ku-sik-kaling- mé-ut, Utkusiksalik, Utkutciki-alin-méut=Uku- siksalirmiut. Utlak-soak=Utlaksuk. Utnux tana=Ahtena. Utovautes=Ottawa. tsaamu= Apache. Utsanango—Chenango, Ut-scha-pahs= Uchapa. Utschies=Uchean Family, Yuchi. Utschim, Utschium, Utschiun=Uchium, Utsia—Ute. Utsushuat=Quapaw. Uttawa=Ottawa. Uttewas= Masset. Utukakgmut=Utukamiut. Uturicut=Uturituc. Uturpe=Atarpe. Uubum= Yupu. Uuschkétan= Wushketan. Uvas=Uva. Uvkusigsalik=Ukusiksalirmiut. Uwaga’/hi=Ocoee. Uwaha=Omaha. Uwarrow Suk-suk=Uwarosuk,. Uwatayo-rono=Cherokee. Uwe/len=Ulak. Uwinty-Utahs=Uinta. xul=Lipan. Uyada=Cherokee. Uye-Lackes=Wailaki. Uy’ gila’gi—Oothcaloga. Uzachil=Osachile. Uzajes=Osage. Uzela=Osachile. Uzinkee= Uzinki. Uzutiuhe, U-zu-ti-u-we=Uzutiuhi. Va/-aki=Casa Blanea. Vaca=Baca. Vacapa=Matape. Vaccay=Wakokayi. Vaceraca=Baserac. Vacupa= Matape. Vacus=Acoma. Vagueros=Querechos. Valachi= Apalachee. Valencia=Tomé. Valero=San Antonio de Valero. Valladolid=Taos. Vallatoa=Jemez. ‘ Valley Indians=Daupom Wintun. Valverde=Sempoapi. Vampe=Nambe. Vane-ta-Kouttchin= Vuntakutchin. Vancouvers=Klikitat. Van-tah-koo-chin, Vanta-Kutchi, Vanta-Kutchin, Vanta kutshi= Vuntakutchin. . Vanyume=Serranos. Vaqueros=Querechos. Varogio= Varohio. Vashichagat= Vagitchitchate. Vassconia= Papago. Vatepito—Batepito. Vatica=Vahia. Vat-qi=Casa Grande. Vatuco=Batuco. Va Vak=Casa Blanca. Vawiulile=Baborigame. Vaxacahel= Vazacahel. Vaysaylovskoi=Veseloiski. Vay-ua-va-vi= Vayuavabi. Veachile=Axille. [B. A. B.- ES eS oe ee BULL. 30] Veeards=Wiyat. Venanga, Venargo, Veneango, Veningo= Venango. Venizali=Vinasale. Ven-ta-Kuttchin= Vuntakutchin. Vermillion=Zutsemin. Vermillion Kickapoos, Vermillions= Vermilion. Veselévskoe= Veselofski. Veshanacks, Vesnacks=Vesnak. Vesselovsky= Veselofski. Viandots= Huron. Viard=Wiyat. Viaundo=San Francisco Xavier de Viggé-Biaundo. Vicanque=Autiamque. Victoria, Victoria de Ojio—Ojio. Vicuris= Picuris. Vidaes, Vidais, Vidays=Bidai. Vieux de la Mer—Nellagottine. Vieux Desert, Vieux De Sert band—Gatagetegaun- ing. Vigge Biaundo—San Francisco Xavier de Viggé Biaundo. Villa de los Coragones=Corazones. Villa farta=Cholupaha. Village des Chaouanons=Sewickley. Village des Noyers—Talasse. Village du Loups=Venango. Village Indians= Pueblos. Village of Odd Waters=Kechipauan. Village of Prarie=Tintaotonwe. Village of Sixes=Taoapa. Village of the Basket—Tungge. Village of the Rainbow=Bejuituuy. Village of the Two Mountains=Oka. Village of the White Flowering Herbs=Hampasa- wan. Village of the Winds=Pinawan. Village of the Worm=Puaray. Village of the Yellow Rocks=Heshotahluptsina. Ville de Bois=Logstown. Ville de Jean=Mohickon John’s Town. Ville des nouveaux venus=Newcomerstown. Vinango= Venango. Vineyard Indians= Martha’s Vineyard Indians. Viniettinen-née=Tontos. Viningo= Venango. Vinisahle=Vinasale. Vinni ettinenne=Tontos. Vintacottas= Vinatacot. .Vi-pi-sét=Casa Montezuma. Vi-qit= Vikhit. Viranque=Autiamque. Vi-ra-ri-ka, Virdrika=Huichol. Virgin River Paiutes=Shivwits, Vishalika=Huichol. Vitachuco=Ivitachiico. Vi'tapatu/i= Kiowa. Vites=Huite. Vivais=Bidai. Kk Vlibahalj=Ullibahali. Vnchechange, Vncheckaug=Patchoag. Vnnagoungos= Abnaki. Vnquechauke= Patchoag. Voen-Kuttchin=Vuntakutchin. Vohopiim=Santan. Volvon=Bolbone. Voragio=Varohio. Vosnessensky= Vossnessenski. Voudt-way Kutchin=Vuntakutchin, Vozesnesky— V ossnessenski. Vparsoytac= Upasoitac. Vpelois=White Apple. Vpland Indianes= River Indians. Vrribarracuxi=Tocobaga. Vsacus= Acoma. Vtamussack=Uttamussac. Vtiangue=Autiamque. Vttamussak—Uttamussac. Vttamussamacoma=Uttamussamacoma. Vttasantasough=Chickahominy. Vturitue=Uturitue. Vuikhtuligmute= Vuikhtulik. Vule Pugas=Calapooya. Vulture people=Suwuki Ohimal. Waahktoohook=Westenhuck. Waakiacums, Waakicum= Wahkiakum. Waakpacootas=Wahpekute, Waas= Wea. Waatenilits—Ute. Wabaage=Quabaug. VEEARDS—W AGANNES 1167 Wabanackies, Wabanakees, Wabanakis, Wabanika, Wabanike, Wabanocky=Abnaki. Wabaquassuck, Wabaquisit= Wabaquasset. Wabasca=Athapascan Family. Wabasha band, Wabashaw band, Wabashaw’s band, Wabashaw’s sub-band=Kiyuksa. Wabash confederacy, Wabash confederates, Wabash Indians= Wabash. Wabasimowininiwag = Wabasemowenenewak. Wabbequasset= Wabaquasset. es Wabénaki senobe, Wabenauki=Ab- naki. Wabequassets, Wabequisset— Wabaquasset. Wabigna, Wabinga, Wabingies= Wappinger. Wabipetons= Wahpeton. -Wabishesh= Wabezhaze. Wabisibiwininiwag= Wapisiwisibiwininiwak. Wabi'tigwayang=Obidgewong. Wableniéa, Wablenitca= Wablenicha. Wab-na-ki= Abnaki. Wabquissit= Wabaquasset. Wabushaw=Kiyuksa. Wacabe=Dtesanhadtadhishan. Wasave=Osage. . Waodoe ska=Washasheska. Waoa/oe Want”’= Washashewanun. Wacacoys= Wakokayi. Wacalamus=Thlakalama. Wacamuc=Cathlacumup. Wacantuck=Wacuntug. Wacape=Wachape. Waccamaus, Waccamawe= Waccamaw. Waccanessisi= Wakanasisi. Waccay=Wakokayi. Wacco= Waco. Waccoa, Waccoam=Woccon. Waccocoie= Wakokayi. Waccomassees= Waccamaw. Waccon=Woccon. Wacemaus= Waccamaw. Waseonpa= Wacheonpa, Wacheunpa. Waceuypa= Wacheunpa. Wacha= Waco. Wa-cha-et, Wa-cha-hets= Wechikhit. Wachamnis=Wikchamni. Wachas=Washa. Wachatawmaha= Wakatomica. Wachaw= Waxhaw. Wa-che-ha-ti, Wa-che-nets, Wa-che-ries, Waches= Wechikhit. Wachipuanes=Chipewyan. Wach-ki-a-cum= Wahkiakum. Wachos= Waco. Wachpecoutes=Wahpekute. Wachquadnach= Wechquadnach. Wachuknas=Michopdo. Wag¢igije=Wadhigizhe. Wa-ti’-om-pa= Wacheunpa. Wa-ci-pi=Walpi. Wa-cissa-talofa=Vasisa. Wagitas=Wadhitan. Waciteu"-tci*tca= Washichunchincha. Wackakoy=Wakokayi. Wackiacums, Wackkiacums= Wahkiakum. Wack-sa-che= Waksachi. Wacksaws= Waxhaw. Wacksoyochees= Woksoyudshi. Wacoah, Wacoes= Waco, Wasco. Wa-come-app=Cathlacumup. Wacon=Woccon. Waculi=Tepecano. Wacumtung=Wacuntug. Wacuq¢a= Missouri. Waditada=Oto. Wadchuset= Wachuset. Waddapadschestiner= Waddapawjestin. Waddington Harbour=Wadington Harbor. Wad-doké-tah-tah=Oto. Wadjusset= Wachuset. Wadjuta tanga—Chedunga. hats rae ts’ey€=Tayachazhi. Wa-dook-to-da, Wa-do-tan, Wadétata—Oto. Wadouissians— Dakota. Waecoe, Waeko= Waco. Waerinnewangh= Waranawonkong. Waeuntug=Wacuntug. Waganhaers, Waganhaes=Ontwaganha, Ottawa. Waganhas, Waganis=—Ottawa. Wagannes=Ontwaganha, Ottawa. 1168 Wa-ge’ku-te= Wazikute. Wagenhanes=Ottawa. Waggamaw, Waggoman= Waccamaw. Waghaloosen=Wyalusing. Waghatamagy, Waghhatawmaky=Wakatomica. Wagh-toch-tat-ta=Oto. Waginxak= Waginkhak. Wagluge, Waglulie, Wagluge= Waglukhe. Wagmesset= Wamesit. Wagunha=Ottawa. Wa/gushag= Foxes. Wagushagi= Wokoawissojik. Wa-ha=Wehatsa. Wa’hah=Wahat. Wa’-ha’-ha’=Wehatsa. Wa-la-lé-zo-wen=Waglezaoin. Wahannas=Ontwaganha, Ottawa. Wahashas=Osage. Wa-ha-shaw’s tribe=Kiyuksa. Wahasuke= Nayuharuke. Wahatsadsh=Waha. Wahch-Pe-Kutch, Wahch-Pekuté= Wahpekute. Wahclellah=Watlala. Wahcoota=Khemnichan. Wahga=Wazhazhe. Wah-hay-koo-tay=Wahpekute. Wah-ho’-na-hah= Potawatomi. Wah-how-pum= Wahowpum. Wahit¢aga, Wahityaha=Potawatomi. Wah-kah-towah=Chippewa. Wahkaykum= Wahkiakum. Wahk-cha’-he-da= Wakchekhikikarachada. Wah-kee-on Tun-kah=Wakinyantanka. Wahkenkumes= Wahkiakum. Wahki=Casa Grande. Wahkiacum, Wahkiahkums, Wah-kia-kum, Wahkia- kume, Wahkiakums= Wahkiakum. Wahkiruxkanumanke=Shoshoni. Wah-Koo-Tay=Khemnichan. Wahkpacoota, Wahkpacootay, Wahkpakoota, Wahkpakota, Wahkpako toan=Wahpekute. Wahkpa toan, Wahk-patons= Wahpeton. Wahktoohook= Westenhuck. Wahkuti band=Khemnichan. Wahkyecums, Wahkyekum, Wahkyskum=Wah- kiakum. Wahlahwahlah=Wallawalla. Wa-hlak-kui’-kee= Wahlakalgi. Wah-lal-la—Watlala. Wah-lik-nas’/-se=Tubatulabal. Wah-ma-dee Tunkah band=Ohanhanska. Wah muk a-hah’-ve= Mohave. Walna=Wakhna. Wahnookt—Klikitat. W’a-h‘o-na-ha— Potawatomi. Wahpaakootah, Wahpaakootas, Wah-pa-coo-la, Wah’-pa-coo-ta, Wahpacoota Sioux, Wahpacootay Sioux, Wah-pa-costa=Wahpekute. Wah’-pah-say’-pon= White Raceoon’s Village. Wah-pa-koo-ta, Wahpakootah Sioux, Wahpakooty, Wahpakutas=Wahpekute. Wahpatoan Sioux, Wahpaton, Wah’-pa-tone= Wah- peton. Wahpatoota, Wahpay-hoo-tays, Wahpaykootays= Wahpekute. Wah-pay-toan, Wah-pay-toan-wan Dakotas, Wah- ay-to wan= Wahpeton, ahpeconte= Wahpekute. Wahpeeton, Wah-pee-ton Sioux, Wahpehtonwan= Wahpeton. Wahpekootays, Wahpekutey, Wahpekuti, Wa-hpe- kwtes=Wahpekute. Wahpetongs, Wahpetonway= Wahpeton. Walipetonwan-lica=Wakhpetonwankhcha. Wahpe-tonwans= Wahpeton. Wab-pi-mins-kink= Wapeminskink. Wah-pi-ko-me-kunk= Wapicomekoke. Wah-ral-lah=Watlala. Wahsahzhe, Wahsash=Osage. Wah-sherr=Wakhshek. Wah-shoes= Washo. Wah-si= Wakhshek. Wahtani= Mandan. Wah-toh-ta-na, Wahtohtanes, Wahtohtata, Wah- tok-ta-ta, Wah-tooh-tah-tah—Oto. Walh-to’-pali-an-da-to, Wah-to-pah-han-da-toh=Wa- topachnato. Wah-to-pan-ah, Wah-to’-pap-inah—=Watopapinah, WA-GE/KU-TE—WALAWALA [B. A. B. Wahbupums=Wahowpum. Wahute band=Khemnichan. Wah-we-ah’-tung-ong, Wah-wee-ah-tenon= Wea. Wah-wol=Wowol. Wahza-zhe= Wazhazha. Wah-ze-ah we-chas-ta=Northern Assiniboin, Wahzhazas=Wazhazha. Wah’-zi-ah=Northern Assiniboin. Wah-zu-cootas= Wazikute. Waiam, Waidm-‘lema=Wiam. Waiilatpu=Cayuse, Waiilatpuan Family. Waikaikum= Wahkiakum. Waikemi=Daupom Wintun. Wai’-kén-mok= Waikenmuk. Wailakki=Wailaki. Wailatpu=Cayuse, Waiilatpuan Family. Waillatpus=Cayuse. Waiomink= Wyoming. Wai-ri-ka=Shasta. Waita/nkni= Warm Spring Indians, Wait-lat-pu=Cayuse. Waitshum’ni=Wikchamni., Wait-spek= Yurok. Waiwaiaikai—Wiwekae. Waiyat=Wishosk. Wajaja= Wazhazha. Wajaje=Osage, Ta, Wazhazhe. Wajingaetage— Wezhinshte. Wajin’ya énikaci’/ya=Wazhinkaenikashika. Wajomick, Wajomik—=Wyoming. Wajuomne= Wapumne. Wa-ju’-qd¢a— Missouri. Wak=Casa Grande, Wa-ka=Wakan. Wa4-kah=Waha. ; ef Yaa ey Wakaikam, Wakaikum = Wahkia- um. Wakamass, Wakamucks=Cathlacumup. - Wakanasceces, Wa-kan-a-shee-shee, Wakanashishi Wakanasisse, Wakanasissi= Wakanasisl. Wakan’/ta=Cheghita. Waka"tcara= Wakanchara. Wakash=Nootka, Salishan Family. Wakatamake, Wakautamike=Wakatomica. Wakazoo=Mekadewagamitigweyawininiwak. Wakcogo=Waccogo. Wa-keeh’=Wakan., Wakesdachi= Waksachi. Waketummakie= Wakatomica. Wakh=Casa Grande, Wakhpekute= Wahpekute. Wakhpetonwan= Wahpeton. Waki=Shipaulovi. Wakiakums, Wakicums= Wahkiakum. Wakidohka-numak=Shoshoni. Wakinas=Arikara. Wako, Wakoe=Waco. Wakoka-i=Wakokayi. Wa-kon/-cha-ra= Waninkikikarachada. Wa-kon/-na=Wakanikikarachada. Wakootay’s band=Khemnichan. Wakoquet= Waquoit. Wakos= Waco. Wakoshawisotcigi= Wakoawissojik, Wakouiechiwek=Chisedec. > Wa-kpa-a-ton-we-dan=Oyateshicha. Wakpakootas= Wahpekute. Wakpaton=Wakpaatonwan. Wakpaton Dakota, Wak-pay ton—Wahpeton. Wak-pe-ka-te, Wak-pe-ku-te= Wahpekute. Wak-pe-ton Dakota= Wahpeton. Wak-po’-ki-an, Wakpokinya=Wakpokinyan. Waksoyochees= Woksoyudshi. — Wa-ktce/-qi i-ki/-ka-ra/-tca-da=Wakchekhiikika- rachada. Wakuisaske-6ns=Saint Regis. Wakushég= Foxes. Wakuta band, Wa-ku-te, Wakute’s band=Khem- nichan. Wak-we-ot-ta-non= Wea. P Walacumnies, Walagumnes= Walakumni. Walalshimni= Walalsimni. Walamskni, Walamswash=Chastacosta. Wa-la-nah=Jemez. Walapai kwe=Walapai. Walasi’yi= Frogtown. Walatoa=—Jemez. Walawala, Wal-a-Waltz=Wallawalla. / BULL. 30] Walega on wohan=Waleghaunwohan. Wales=Eidenu. Walexa-o"-woha"= Waleghaunwohan, Walhalla=Gualala. Walhominies= Menominee. Walinaki=Wewenoce. Walipekutes= Wahpekute. Walis-kwa-ki-ool=Walas Kwakiutl. Wa/litsum=Hahamatses. Walker River Pi-Utes=Agaihtikara. Walkers=Shoshoko. Wallah Wallah=Wallawalla. Wal-lal-sim-ne= Walalsimni. Wallamettes=Clowwewalla. Wallamute=Ugalakmiut. Wal-la-pais= Walapai. Wall-a-pi=Walpi. Wallas=Wallie. Walla-Wallahs, Walla-Wallapum=Wallawalla. Walla-Walloo=Wishosk. Wal-la-waltz, Wallawollah, Wallewahos=Walla- walla. Wal’-li=Wallie. Wallow Wallow=Wallawalla. Wall-Pah-Pe=Walapai. Walnonoak=Wewenoc. Walnut Village—Ousagoucoulas. Wal-pah-pee Snakes, Walpahpe Snakes, Walpalla— Waipapi. Wal-pé, Walpians=Walpi. Walyepai=Walapai. Wamakava=Mohave. Wamanus= Wiminuche. Wamasit=Wamesit. Wamasqueaks= Warrasqueoc. Wambesitts=Wamesit. Wam-bi-li’-ne-ca= Wablenicha. Wamenuche= Wiminuche. Wameset, Wamesut, Wammeset= Wamesit. Wamnuga-oiy, Wamnuxa-oi9= Wamnughaoin. Wampa= Yampa. Wampangs, Wampano, Wam-pa-no-gas, Wampa- nooucks= Wampanoag. Wam-pa-nos=Wappinger. Wampeage= Wampanoag. Wamponas= Wappinger. Wamponoags= Wampanoag. Wampum-makers= A bnaki. Wamussonewug= Monsoni. Wanak= Dakota. Wanama‘kewajink= Wanamakewajenenik. Wanami=Unami. Wanamuka's band=Winnemucca’s Band. Wananoak=Wewenoc. Wanapim=Sokulk. Wanats=Huron. Wanaxe= Wanaghe. Wanbanaghi, Wanbanaki, Wanbanakkie, Wanb- naghi=Abnaki. Wanchas=Washa. Wandats= Huron. Wanderers=Detsanayuka, Missiassik. Wan-dor-gon-ing = Ketchewaundaugenink. Wandots—Huron. Wané-asin’tlinyi= Hickory Log. Wanexit= Manexit. Wangadacea=Secotan. Wang’-kat=Howungkut. Wangum=Wongunk. ee en teeda = Waninkikikaracha- a. Wanjoacks=Nottoway. Wankatamikee=Wakatomica. Wannaton=Pabaksa. Wan-nawega, Wa"-nawexa, Wan-nee-wack-a-ta-o- ne-lar=Wannawegha. Wannemuches= Wiminuche. Wanonoaks= Wewenoc. Wanoolchie=Wenatchi. Wantats=Huron. Wa-nuk’e-ye’-na=Hidatsa. Waoming=W voming. Waoranecks, Waoraneky=Waoranec. WaS8aiation—Wea. Wapaghkanetta, Wapaghkonetta, Wapahkonetta, Wapakanotta, Wapakonakunge= Wapakoneta. Wapakotah=Wahpekute. Wa’pamétant= Yakima. Wapanachk= A bnaki. 3456—Bull. 30, pt 2—07——74 WALEGA ON WOHAN—WARRANAWANKONGS 1169 Wapanachki=Abnaki, Brotherton, Stockbridge. Wapanaki, Wapanakihak, Wapanayki ha-akon, Wa- anends, Wapaniy/kyu=A bnaki. apanoos= Wappinger. Wapaquassett=Wabaquasset. Wapasepah= White Raccoon’s Village. Wapasha’s band, Wapashaw’s village, Wa-pa-shee, Wapatha=Kiyuksa. Wapato Lake—A tfalati. Wapatomica=Wakatomica. Wapatone, Wa-pa-toone= Wahpeton. Wa-pa-too-ta=Wahpekute. Wapatu, Wapatu Lake=Atfalati. Wapauckanata, Wapaughkonetta, netta= Wapakoneta. Wapaykoota= Wahpekute. Wapeminskink= Woapikamikunk. Wapenacki=Abnaki. Wapenocks= Wampanoag. Wapeto=Atfalati. Wapingeis, Wapinger, Wapingoes=Wappinger. Wapings= Pompton, Wappinger. Wapintowaher= Wahpeton. Wapo=Wappo. Wapoghoognata= Wapakoneta. Wapoomney=Wapumne. Wapoos= Potawatomi. Wapoto Lake=Atfalati. Wappacoota= Wahpekute. Wappanoos= Wappinger. Wappato=A tfalati. Wappatomica=Wakatomica. Wappatoo=Atfalati. Wappaukenata= Wapakoneta. Wappenackie= A bnaki. Wappenger= Wappinger. Wappenos=Abnaki, Wappinger. Wappinck, Wappinex, Wappinges, Wappingh, Wap- pingos, Wappings, Wappinoes, Wappinoo, Wap- pinx=Wappinger. Wappitong= Wahpeton. Waptai’/lmim= Yakima. Wapto=Atfalati. Wa-pu-chu-se-amma= Waputyutsiama. Wapumney, Wapumnies= Wapumne. Wa-pi-nah-ki= A bnaki. Wa’qa-iqam= Wahkiakum. Wagq#exe-agin—Zhanhadtadhishan, Waqdynx¢in= Wakhakukdhin. Wa/-q!Emap=Wakemap. Waqna=Wakhna. Wa-qote’/=Iowa. Wa-qpe’-to--wa2— Wahpeton. Waranakarana= Naywaunaukauraunah, Waranancongyns, Waranawancougy, Waranawan- kongs= Waranawonkong. Waranoco= Waranoke. Sia Se Tenee, Waranwankongs= Waranawon- ong. War-are-ree-kas=Tazaaigadika. Waraskoyack, Waraskweag=Warrasqueoc. Waratcha, Waratka, Waratkass=Wenatchi. Waraton=Maraton. Waraye=Osage. Warbigganus= Wabigganus. Warchas= Washa. Warciacoms, War ci a cum, War-ci-4-cum=Wah- kiakum. War eagle people=Hangkautadhantsi. Warenecker, Warenocker=Waoranec. War-gun-uk-ke-zee= Waganakisi. Warkiacom, Warkiacum= Wahkiakum, Wark-pay-ku-tay = Wahpekute. Wark-pey-t’wawn= Wahpeton. Warm Spring Indians=Tenino, Warm Spring Apache. Warner’s Ranch Indians=Agua Caliente. Waroanekins= Waoranec. Waronawanka= Waranawonkong. Warpaton= Wahpeton. ba setae ig) Warpekute, Warpekutey=Wahpe- ute. Warpeton, War-pe-ton-wan, War-pe-t’wans=Wah- eton. arpicanata= Wapakoneta. Warraghtinooks= Wea. Warranawankongs, Warranawonkongs=Warana- wonkong. Delaware, Wapaughkon- 1170 Warranoke= Waoranec, Warraricas= Waradika. Warraskorack, Warraskoyack, Warrasqueaks, War-ras-squeaks= Warrasqueoc. Warrawannankoncks= Waranawonkong. Warriscoyake= Warrasqueoc, Warronocke, Warronoco= Waranoke. Warshas=Washa. Wartokes=Watok. Wartoolaharka=Tonanulla. Warynawoncks= Waranawonkong. Wasaazj—Osage. Wiasa’/ba, Wasabaetage, Wa-sa-ba-eta-je—Wasabe. Wasabe hit‘aji=Wasabe, Wasabehitazhi. Wasa e’/nikaci’xa= Wasaenikashika. Wasagahas, Wasage=Osage. Wasakshes= Waksachi. Wasama=A wani. Wasapekent= Wasapokent. Wa-sa-sa-o-no, Wa-sa’/-seh-o-no= Dakota. Wasashe, Wa-sa-shis, Wa’sassa—Osage. Wasawanik=—Ouasouarini. Wa-sa-wi-ca-xta-xni=Ohanhauska. Wasawsee, Wasbasha=Osage. Wascoes, Was-co-pam, Wascopan, Wascopaw, Was- copens, Wascopums= Wasco. Wase-ish-ta=Wezhinshte. Waseju-it aji= Wasedtuitazhi. Wa-sha-ba= Washabe. Washacum= Weshacum.,. Washai’ki, Wash/-a-keeks Washakie’s Band. Washas=Osage, Washa. Wa-sha-she= Osage. Wash-a-tung=Inshtasanda. Washaws=Washa, Washo. Washbashaws= Osage. Washikeek—Washakie’s Band. Washington Harbor=Sequim. Washita, Washittas= Wichita. Washo’xla=Oto. Washpcoute, Washpecoate, Washpeconte, Wash- pecoutongs= Wahpekute. Washpelong, Washpetong= Wahpeton. Washpi= Walpi. Washpotang= Wahpeton. Wash-sashe=Osage. Washtenaw= Wea. Washt Kahapa= White Earth. Wa’shitse—Sandia. Wasi¢un-cinéa= Washichunchincha. Wasita= Wichita. Wasiu= Washo. Wasko, Waskopam, Waskosin, Waskows= Wasco. Was-mil-ches= Wimilchi. Wa-sob-be nika-shing-ga= Wasabe. Wassash, Wassashsha=Osage. Wassawomees= Iroquois. Was-saws= Washo, Waxhaw. Wasses=Ouasouarini. Wastana= Waxhaw. ji ar ea ea Wasuwicaxtanxi= Passing Hail’s Band. Waswigaming=Wauswagiming. Waswaganiwininiwag= Wahsuahgunewininewug. Waswarini=Ouasouarini. Was-waw-gun-nink= Wauswagiming. Wataga, Wata/gi— Watauga. Watahpahata= Kiowa. Watanons= Wea. Watarees, Watary=Wateree. Watasoons=Amahami. Wa-tat-kah=Wabhtatkin. Watawawininiwok—Ottawa. Watcape=Wachape. Watceo=pa, Watceu"pa= Wacheunpa. Watch-ahets=Wechikhit. Watchamshwash= Wachamshwash. Wat-ches= Wechikhit. Watchusets= Wachuset. Wateknasi=Tubatulabal. Wateni’hte=Siksika. Wate-pana-toes, Watepaneto=Kiowa. Water=Minnepata. Wateree Chickanee= Wateree. Watermelon Town=Totstalahoeetska. Waterrees= Wateree. Wathl-pi-e= Walpi. Watlalla=Watilala. band, Washano= WARRANOKE—WAZAZA [B. A. E. Watoga, Watoge= Watauga. Watohtata—Oto. Watooga=Watok. Watopana=Watopapinah. Wato’ta=Oto. Watpaton=Wakpaatonwan. Watsa-he-wa=Watsaghika. Watsequendo=Watsequeorda’s Band. Wat-so-ke-wa= Watsaghika. Wattasoons=Amahami. Watterree— Wateree. Wat-tokes=Watok. Wattoogee— Watauga. Wattos=Wappo. Wayjzitata=Oto. Wau-ba-na-kees=Abnaki. Waubash Indians= Wabash. Waub-ish-ash-e= Wabezhaze. Waubose= Maskegon, Sugwaundugahwininewug. Waub-un-uk-eeg= A bnaki. Wauch-ta=Tashhuanta. Waugan=Waugau. Waughwauwame= Wyoming. Waughweoughtennes, Waugweoughtannes— Wea. Wauh-tecq=Wakhtek. Waukatamike, Waukataumikee, Waukatomike— Wakatomica. Waukiacum, Wau-ki-a-cums, Waukiecum’s, Wauki- kam, Wau-ki-kum= Wahkiakum. Waukouta band=Khemnichan. Waulapta, Waulatpas, Waulatpus—Cayuse. Wau-lit-sah-mosk=Hahamatses. | Waupacootar=Wahpekute. Waupatone= Wahpeton. Wauphauthawonaukee= Wapakoneta. Wausashe=Osage. Waushakee’s band= Washakie’s Band. Wauwaughtanees= Wea. Wawah=Maidu, Wintun. Wawaightonos= Wea. Wawamie= Wyoming. Wawarasinke, Wawarsing= Wawarsink. Wawayoutat—Wawayontat. Wawbunukkeeg=A bnaki. Wawcottonans= Wea. Wawechkairini= Weskarini. Waweenock= Wewenoc. Wawehattecooks= Wea. Wawenech, Wawenock= Wewenoce. Waweotonans, Waweoughtannes= Wea. Waweskairini=Weskarini. War cieene ees Waw-gun-uk-ke-zie= Wagana- cisi. Wa-wha=Osage. Wawiachtanos, Wawiaghta, Wawiaghtanakes, Wa- wiaghtanon= Wea. Wawiaghtenkook=Tiosahrondion. Wawiaghtonos, Wawia’hta’/nua— Wea. Wawijachtenocks=Wawyachtonoc. Wa’wik'em=Wawikyem. Wawiotonans, Wawioughtanes= Wea. Waw-ka-sau-su= Wakasassa. Wawkwunkizze= Waganakisi. } Waw-lis-knahkewlth, Waw-lis-knahk-newith—Walas Kwakiutl. Waw-lit-sum= Hahamatses. Wawpeentowahs= Wahpeton. Wawquoit=Waquoit. Wawrigweck, Wawrigwick=Norridgewock. Wawsash, Waw-sash-e=Osage. Wawyachteioks=Wawyachtonoc. Wawyachtenoke= Wea. Waxaus, Waxaws, Waxsaws= Waxhaw. Wa'ya/hi=Wahayahi. Waya’hténuki= Wea. Wayanaes=Cummaquid. Wayandotts— Huron. Wa-ya-ti-n6-ke= Miami. Wayattano, Wayattanoc—Wyantenuc. Wayaughtanock= Wawyachtonoce. Waymessick= Wamesit. Wayomick, Wayoming= Wyoming. Wayondots, Wayondotts= Huron. Wayoughtanies— Wea. Wayunckeke= Wacuntug. Wayundatts, Wayundotts=—Huron, Way-yam-pams= Wiam. Wazaza=Osage, Wazhazha. BULL. 30] Wazaze=—Wazhazha, Wazhazhe. Wazazhas, Wazazies=Wazhazha. Wa-zha’-zha=Wazhazhe. Wa-zha-zhe=Osage. Wa’-zhese-ta—Wezhinshte. Waz-zi’-ya-ta Pa-da/-nin=Arikara. Waziya witcacta=Wahziah. Waziyztz=Wazhazha. Waz-za-ar-tar=Zaartar. Wazzazies=Wazhazha, Wazhazhe. W’Banankee=A bnaki. Wdowo=Ottawa. We-a-guf-ka=Weogufka. Weah=Wea. Weakaote=K hemnichan. Weakis=Wewoka. Wealusing=W yalusing. Wealuskingtown=Wyalusing. Weandots=Huron. Weanohronons= Wenrohronon. Weashkimek= Eskimo. Weatauge= Weataug. Weathersfield Indians= Pyquaug. Weatog=Weataug. Weatsa-he-wa=Watsaghika. Weaus, Weaws= Wea. Weber River Yutas, Weber Utes=Cumumbah. Webings= Winnebago. Webinoche, Webinoche Utahs, Webrinoches=Wi- minuche. Wecamses= Wicocomoco. Wecapaug= Wekapaug. ecco’s= Waco. Wechagaskas= Wessagusset. We-che-ap-pe-nah=Itscheabine. Wechigit= Wichikik. We-chil-la, We-chill-la— Wahkila. Wechkentowoons=Mechkentowoon. Wech-pecs, Wech-pecks, Wech-peks= Yurok. Wechquaeskeck= Wecquaesgeek. We-chummies= Wikchamni. Weckquaesgeek, Weckquaesguk, Weckquaskeck, Weckquesicks, Wecks= Wecquaesgeek. Wecoka=Wewoka. Wecos=Wa2co. ! Weeah, Weea’s, Weeaws= Wea. Weechagaskas= Wessagusset. Weeco= Waco. Weecockcogee= Withlacoochee. Weeds= Wea. . Wee-ka-nahs=Taos. ee-kee-moch, eekenoch=Wikeno. We’-e-ko= Waco. Weektumkas= Wetumpka. Weelacksels=Wailaksel. Weelhick Thuppek=Schoenbrunn. Weeminuche= Wiminuche. Weendegoag=Weendigo. Weenees= Winyaw. Weeokees= Wewoka. Weepers=Assiniboin, Coaque. Weepo=Wipho. Weepomeokes= Weapemeoc. Weequakut=Waquoit. Weesagascusett= Wessagusset. Wee Shotch=Wishosk. Wee-tam-ka= Wetumpka. Weetemore= Pocasset. Weetle-toch=Oetlitk. Weetumkees, Weetumkus, tumpka. Weewaikun=Wiweakam., Weewenocks=Wewenoc. Weewok=Wiweakam. Wee-yot=Wiyat. Wegegi—=Wejegi. We guf car=Weogufka. We hee skeu (chien) =Heviqsnipahis. Wehtak=Wiatiac. Weh-ta-mich=Klimmim. Weht'l-qua=Wetlko. Weichaka-Ougrin=Wakhakukdhin. Weitchpec=Weitspus, Yurok. Weithspek= Yurok. Weitle toch=Oetlitk. Weits-pek=Yurok. Weji-gi=Wejegi. Wejiscte=Wezhinshte. Wekisa, Wekivas, We-kiwa=Wikaithlako. Weetumpkee= We- W AZAZE—WE-WARK-KUM 1171 Weéko, Wéku, Wékush=Waco. Welakamika=Welagamika. We-la-poth=Tsewenalding. Welasatux= Wolasatux. We-la-tah=Picuris. Welch=White Indians. Welsh Bearded Indians=Welsh Indians. Welsh Indians=Hopi, White Indians. Welwashye’ni= Welwashkeni. Wemalche, We-melches=Wimilchi. Wemenuche, Wemenutche Utahs= Wiminuche. We-messouret= Missouri. Wemiamik= Miami. We-mil-che=Wimilchi. Wemintheew= Munsee. We-mol-ches= Wimilchi. Wenango=Venango. Wenatcha, Wenatshapam, Wenatshapan, Wenatshe- pum=Wenatchi. Wenaumeew=Unami. Wendats= Huron. Weneaw, Wenee=Winyaw. We-né-mu= Hueneme. Wenimisset= Wenimesset Weningo, Weningo Town= Venango. Wenot= Yangna, Wenrio—Ouenrio. Wenro=Wenrohronon. Wenuhtokowuk= Nanticoke. Weocksockwillacum=Smackshop. We-o-haw=Wiyahawir. Weoka=Wewoka. Weoming= Wyoming. Weopomeiok, Weopomeokes=Weapemeoc. Wepawaugs=Paugusset. Weperigoueiawek= Weperigweia. Wequadn’ach= Wechquadnach. Wequa-esgecks= Wecquaesgeek. Wequapaug, Wequapauock— Wekapaug. Wequehachke= Wappinger. Wequetank=Wechquetank. Werawocomoco, Werowcomoco, Wérowocomicos, Werowocomoco= Werowacomoco. Wées‘a e/nikaci’ya= Wesaenikashika. Wesaguscasit, Wesaguscus= Wessagusset. Wesakam=Weshacum. Wes‘a nikaci»ga—Shoshoni. Wesegusquaset= Wessagusset. Weshakim, Weshakum= Weshacum., Wesh-ham=Tlakluit. Weskeskek, Wesquecqueck= Wecquaesgeek. Wessaguscus, Wessagusquasset, Wessagussett=Wes- sagusset. Wesselowskoje= Veselofski. Westaugustus= Wessagusset. West Congeeto, West Congeta, West Congeto, West Cooncheto=Conchachiton. Westenhook= Westenhuck. Western Dog ribbed Indians—Tsantieottine. Western Indians—Creeks. Western Mackenzie Innuit=Kangmaligmiut. Western Shoshones=Shoshoko. Western Sioux—Teton. Western Snakes=Wihinasht. West Imongalasha—Imongalasha. West Yaso, West Yazoo—Yazoo. ‘We’-suala-kuin=Sandia. Wetahato= Kiowa. Weétankni=Warm Spring Indians. Wetapahato—Kiowa. Wetcta=Witchah. Wetctar’= Wetchon. Wetch-pec, Wetch-peck=Yurok. We-te-pa-ha’to= Kiowa. Wetersoon=Amahami. Wé-t’hlu-ella-kwin=San Felipe. Wethoecuchytalofa=Withlacoocheetalofa. Wetopahata= Kiowa. Wetquescheck= Wecquaesgeek. WetsagowA»’/=Wetsagua. Wetshipweyanah=Chipewyan. Wettaphato— Kiowa. We-tum-cau, Wetumka, Wetumkee, Wetumpkees= Wetumpka. We-wai-ai-kai—Wiwekae. We-wai-ai-kum=Wiweakam. We’ wamasq’Em=Wewamaskem. We-wark-ka=Wiwekae. We-wark-kum=Wiweakam, 1172 Weway-a-kay=Wiwekae. Weway-a-kum=Wiweakam. We-way-a-ky=Wiwekae. Wewechkairini= Weskarini. Weweenocks, Wewenocks= Wewenoc. Wé-wi-ca-sa=Kainah. Wewoak-har, Wewoakkan, Wewoakkar, Wewoak- kar Wockoy, We-wo-cau, Wewoko—Wewoka. Wewoonock= Wewenoc. We yAn/=Weyon. Weyandotts= Huron. Weyat= Wishosk. Wey-eh-hoo= Yehuh. Weyet=Wishosk. Weyoming= Wyoming. Weyondotts= Huron. We-yot=Wiyat. Whacoe= Waco. Whalatt=Hwotat. Whampinages= Wampanoag. Wha-pa-ku-tahs= Wahpekute. Whapetons= Wahpeton. Whash-to-na-ton= Khwaishtunnetunne. Whatatt=Hwotat. Whatoga= Watauga. Wheelappa, Wheelappers= Willopah. Wheelcuttas= Whilkut. Whe-el-po, Whe-el-poo=Colville. Whetstone country=Wabaquasset. Whil-a-pah= Willopah. Whill Wetz=Cooniac. Whinega=Huna. Whippanaps=Abnaki. Whirlpool= Willopah. Whishkah=Whiskah. Whish-ten-eh-ten= Khwaishtunnetunne. Whisklaleitoh=K ittizoo. Whistanatin= K hwaishtunnetunne. White Apple Village=White Apple. White Bearded Indians= White Indians. White Bird Nez Percés=Lamtama. White Cap Sioux= White Cap Indians. White Clay=White Earth. White Eagle=Khuya. White Earth band=Gawababiganikak. White Fish Indians=Attikamegue. White-Goose Eskimos=Kangormiut. White Ground=Ikanhatki. White Hair’s band=Pahatsi. ) White Indians= Menominee, Hopi. White Knives=Tussawehe. White Pani, White Pania= Pawnee. White People=Stoam Ohimal. White Pueblo=Nabatutuei. White River Indians=Klikitat, Niskap, Skopa- mish, Smulkamish. White Salmon Indians=Chilluckkittequaw. White towns=Taluamikagi. Whittumke= Wetumpka. Whiwunai= Hopi. Whonkenteaes, Whonkenties= Whonkentia. Whonnoch, Whonock=Wharnock. Whull-e-mooch=Salish. Whulwhaipum, Whulwhypum=Klikitat. Whyack=Wyah. ; Wiahtanah=Waweatenon. Wi’-ah-ton-oon’-gi= Wea. Wialetpum=Cayuse. Wialosing, Wialusing= Wyalusing. Wiandotts= Huron, Wiapes=Quapaw. Wiatanons=Wea. Wiatiacks=Wiatiac. Wiaut=Wea. Wibisnuche= Wiminuche. Wi bu’ ka pa= Mohave. Wiccakaw=Wakokayi. Wic-chum-nee= Wikchamni. Wiccomisses= W icocomoco. Wicguaesgeck= Wecquaesgeek. Wich-a-chim-ne= Wikchamni. Wichagashas, Wichaguscusset=— Wessagusset. Wichegati= Wichikik. Wichetahs, Wichetas= Wichita. Wi’-chi-kik= Wechikhit. Wichiyela= Yankton. Wichumnies= Wikchamni. Wich-sis=Wakhshek, Wiciyela= Yankton. WEWAY-A-KAY—WINDIGOS [B. A. EB, Wickabaug= Wekapaug. Wickagjock= Wiekagjoc. Wick-a Nook=Wickaninnish. Wickerscreek, Wickersecreeke, Wickersheck, Wickes- keck= Wecauaesgeek. Wickinninish= Wickaninnish. Wickquaskeck, Wickwaskeck= Wecquaesgeek. Wico=Waco. Wicoko winwt, Wi-co-ko win-wu=Wishoko. Wicomaw= Waccamaw. Wicomese, Wicomesse, Wicomick= Wicocomoco. Wicomocons=Secowocomoco, Wicomocos= Wicocomoco. Wicosels=Waikosel. Wicquaesgeckers, Wicquaskaka= Wecquaesgeek. Wi’cxam=Tlakluit. Widshiitikapa= Maricopa, Papago, Pima. Wi'dyu=Ditsakana. Wiechquaeskeck, Wiechquaesqueck, Wiechquas- keck, Wieckquaeskecke= Wecquaesgeek. Wiekagjocks= Wiekagjoc. Wiequaeskeck, Wiequaskeck= Wecquaesgeek. BV sehelpouse, Wighalosscon, Wighalousin=Wya- using. Wighcocémicoes, Wighcocomoco, Wighcomocos, Wighcomogos, Wighocomoco=Wicocomoco. Wighquaeskeek= Wecquaesgeek. Wigomaw= Waccamaw. Wihaloosing=W yalusing. Wihinagut, Wihinast=Wihinasht. Wi-ic’-ap-i-nah=Itscheabine. Wikachumnis= Wikchamni. Wikagyl=Wecquaesgeek. Wi-kai-lako=Wikaithlako. Wi Kain Mocs=Waikenmuk. Wikanee=Wikeno. Wik-chum-ni= Wikchamni. Wikeinoh=Wikeno. Wi’ko=Waco. Wi’k’oxténdx=Wikoktenok. « } Wik-’sach-i= Waksachi. Wik-tchum/-ne, Wiktshom’ni= Wikchamni. a * Wi’-ku= Waco. Wikuedo-wininiwak, Wikuéduuk=Wequadong. Wikurzh=Wikorzh. Wi'kwadunk, Wikwed, Wikwedong=Wequadong. Wi Lackees, Wilacki=Wailaki. Wi-lak-sel= Wailaksel. Wilamky= Wetumpka. Wilana=Picuris. Wi-la-pusch=Tsewenalding. Wilatsu’kwe=Coyoteros. Wild Cat=Koakotsalgi. Wild Creeks=Seminole. Wilde Coyotes=Navaho. Wildlucit= Wyalusing. Wild Nation=Ettchaottine. Wild Oats, Nation of the, Wild Rice, Wild Rice Eat- ers, Wild Rice Men=Menominee. Wilfa Ampafa amim=Twana. Wi’-li-gi, Wi’-li-gi-i’=San Felipe. Wili idshapa= Mohave. Wili’yi=Willstown. Willacum=Smackshop. : Willamette Falls Indians=Clowwewalla. Willamette tribe=Cathlacumup. Willamette Tumwater band, Willammette Indians= Clowwewalla. Willamotki tituyan=Willewah. Willa-noucha-talofa= Willanoucha. Willapah=Willopah. Willem= Willi. Willenoh=Willopah. Willetpos=Cayuse. Willhametts=Clowwewalla. Willie= Willi. Willinis=TIllinois. Willow Creek Indians=Lowhim. Wils T.=Will’s Town. Wima=Mimal. Wimilches= Wimilchi. Wiminanches, Wiminenuches=Wiminuche. Wimosas= Yamasee. Winatshipim=Wenatchi. Winbiégig= Winnebago. Wind=Hutalgalgi. Win-de-wer-rean-toon=Mdewakanton, Wind Family=Hutalgalgi. Windigos=Weendigo. D a BULL. 30] Wind people=Kiyuksa. Winds, Town of the=Pinawan. Windsor Indians= Podunk. Wineaus=Winyaw. Winebago, Winebagoe, Winebégok, Winepegouek= Winnebago. Winesemet=Winnisimmet. Winetaries= Hidatsa. Wingadocea=Secotan. Wingah=Winyaw. Wingandacoa, Wingandagoa, Winginans, Wingi- nas=Secotan. Winibagos= Winnebago. eS onewininiwag = Winnebegoshishiwinini- wak. Winibigong, Winipegou= Winnebago. Winisemit, Winisimett, Winisimmit= Winnisimmet. Winnabagoes= Winnebago. Winnakenozzo= Miniconjou. Winnas band, Winnas-ti=Wihinasht. Winnebager, Winnebages, Winnebagoag, Winne- bagoe, Winnebagoec, Winnebagog, Winnebagoue, Winnebaygo= Winnebago. Winnebigoshish= Winnebegoshishiwininewak. Winnenocks=Wewenoc. Winnepans, Winnepaus, Winnepeg= Winnebago. Winnepisseockeege= Winnepesauki. Winnesemet, Winnesimet= Winnisimmet. Win-nes-tes=Wihinasht. Winnibigog= Winnebago. Winnibigoshish Lake (band) = Winnebegoshishiwi- ninewak. Win-ni-mim=Winimem. Winnimissett= Wenimesset. Winnipegouek= Winnebago. Winnisemit, Winnisimet= Winnisimmet. Winooskoek= Winooskeek. Winter Island=Neiuningaitua. Wintoon, Wintu=Wintun. Winyo=Winyaw. Wioming, Wiomink=Wyoniing. Wiondots= Huron. Wi’oqg Emaé= Wiokemae. Wippanaps= A bnaki. Wiquashex, Wiquaeskeck= Wecquaesgeck. Wisack, Wisacky= Waxhaw. Wisagechroanu= Missisauga. Wisagusset= Wessagusset. Wiscassett Indians=Wewenoc. Wisculla=Wiskala. Wis-cum-nes=Wikchamni. Wisham=Wishram. Wishham=Tlakluit. Wishitaw= Wichita. Wish-pooke= Yurok. Wish-ram, Wishrans=Tlakluit. Wish-ta-nah-tin, Wishtanatan, Khwaishtunnetunne. Wi/’-si-ta= Wichita. Wiskerscreeke= Wecquaesgeek. Wis-kul-la=Wiskala. Wissaguset= Wessagusset. Wissakodewinini= Metis. Wissams=Tlakluit. Wiss-co-pam= Wasco. Wissiquack=Nesaquake. Wiss-whams=Tlakluit. - Wis’-tim-a-ti’ téne’/=Khwaishtunnetunne. Wi Tackees, Wi Tackee-Yukas=Wailaki. Witahawidata—Pitahauerat. Witamky= Wetumpka. Witanghatal=Serranos. Wi’-ta-pa-ha, Witapa’/hat, Wi/tapaha’ tu, Witapatu— Kiowa. Witapiu=Wutapiu. Witawaziyata—Witawaziyataotina. Witch-a-taws, Witcheta, Witchetaw, Witchitaws= Wichita. Witcitya"pina—Itscheabine. Witetsaan, Wi-tets’-han=Hidatsa. Withchetau= Wichita. Without-Bows=Sans Ares. Witishayta’nu=Lllinois. Witoupo, Witowpa, Witowpo=Ibitoupa. Witqueschack, Witquescheck, Witqueschreek=Wec- quaesgeek, : Wi'ts’a=Widja. Wi'ts’a gyit’inai’—Widja-gitunai. Witsch-piks= Yurok. Wish-te-na-tin= Witchitas, WIND PEOPLE—WOSCOPOM 1178 Witshita, Witsita’=Wichita. Witsogo—Tsofkara, Witsta=Bellabella. Witumki=Wetumpka. Witune=Kadohadacho. Wi-tup-a/-tu= Kiowa. Wi-uh-sis=Wakhshek. Wiuini’em=Ditsakana. Wiwagam=Wiweakam. Wi-wai-ai-kai= Wiwekae. Wi-wai-ai-kum=Wiweakam. Wiwas=Quigalta. Wiwash= Nanticoke. Wiwayiki=Wiwekae. Wiwéaqgam=Wiweakam. Wi-we-eke=Wiwekae. Wi’-we-ekum=Wiweakam. Wiwéq’ae=Wiwekae. Wi-wi-kum=Wiweakam. Wiwtyka=Wewoka. Wiyandotts= Huron. Wi-yot=Wiyat. W-ltoo-ilth-aht—Ucluelet. W-nahk-ta-kook, Wnahktukook= Westenhuck. W’nalachtko=Unalachtigo. W’namiu=Unami. Wnoghquetookoke= Westenhuck. Wo-a-pa-nach-ki=A bnaki. Woapikamikunk= Wapicomekoke. Woas=Uva. Wobanaki= A bnaki. Woc-co-coie, Wocke Coyo=Wakokayi. Wock-soche= Waksachi. Wocons=Woccon. Woenoeks= Wewenoce. Wo-he-nom’/-pa=Oohenonpa. Wohesh= Pawnee. Wohlpahpe Snakes= Walpapi. Wokkon=Woccon. Wok-sach-e= Waksachi. Wokukay=Wakokayi. Wolapi=Walpi. Wo-lass-i= Wowolasi. Wolf=Mahican, Michirache. Wolf Eaters=Coyoteros. Wolf gens=Kharatanumanke. Wolf Indians, Wolf Pawnee=Skidi. Wolf People=Mandhinkagaghe. Wolftown=Wahyahi. Wolf tribe of the Delawares=Munsee. Wolkukay=Wakokayi. Wollah-wollah, Wollaolla, Wollawalla, Wollawollahs, Wollawwallah, Wol-law-wol-lah=Wallawalla. Woll-pah-pe= Walpapi. Wol-pi=Walpi. Wolsatux=Wolasatux. Wolves=Skidi. Woman helper band=Tonoyiet’s Band. Woman-o-she Utes=Wiminuche. Womenog= Wewenoc. Womenunche=Wiminuche, Wompanaoges, Wompanoag, Womponoags=Wam- panoag. ‘ Wonalatoko=Unalachtigo. Wonami=Unami. Wong-ge=Jemez. Naive Wongums, Wongunck, Wongung= Won- gunk. Wo-ni-to’-na-his=Brulé. Woocon=Woccon. Wood Assiniboines=Tschantoga. Wood Crees=Sakawithiniwuk. Wooden-lips=Tlingit. Wood Indians=Nopeming, Nuchwugh, Tutchone- kutehin. Wood people=Hankutchin. Woods Bloods=Istsikainah. Wood Stoneys=Tschantoga. Woopotsi/t= Wohkpotsit. Woo-pum=Wopum. Wooselalim=Clallam. Woo-wells=Wowol. Wopowage=Paugusset. Wogqpotsit= Wohkpotsit. Woranecks=Waoranec. Woraqa, Wo-rd-qé= Potawatomi. Workons=Woccon. Worm People=Esksinaitupiks. Woscopom= Wasco. 1174 Wos-sosh-e=Osage. | Wo’tapio= Wutapiu. Wo’-tko=Wotkalgi. Wouachita=Ouachita. Wowenocks=Wewenoc. Wowocau= Wewoka. Wowolasi=Wolasi. hha ea Wohnen = oyming, Woyumoth= Wyoming. Wrangell Bay=Kuiukuk. Wrole Alley=Molala. Wrylackers=Wailaki. W. Schious=Teton. W ‘sha’ natu=Shallattoo. W'tawas=Ottawa. { Wo’cketan=Wushketan. Wub’ ta pi u=Wutapiu. Wu/-i-t’t-cla’-4=Wuituthlaa.> Wukayé/ni= Wukakeni. Wikchamni=Wikchamni. Wukhquautenauk=Wechquadnach. , Wuk-sa’-che= Waksachi. Wu ‘lastik/-witk=Malecite. Wulx=Shasta, Upper Takelma. Wunalachtigo=Unalachtigo. Wun-a-muc-a’s band=Winnemucca’s Band. Wun-a-muc-a’s (the Second) band=Kuyuidika. Wunaumeeh=Unami. Wunnashowatuckowogs, Wunnashowatuckoog. Wi-sa-si=Osage. Wishqim=Wishram. + Wishqima-pim=Tlakluit. Wushuum= Wishram. ; Wu-so’-ko=Wishoko. Wut-at=Hwotat. eo Wute’-elit, Wute’en=Cherinak. Wutsta/=Bellabella. 3 Wu’turen=Cherinak. Wyachtenos, Wyahtinaws=Wea. . Wyalousing, Wyalucing=Wyalusing. Wyam=Wiam. - Wyaming= Wyoming. y-am-pams, Wyampaw=Wiam. Wyandote, Wyandotte=Huron. Wyandot Town=Junundat. Wyandotts=Huron. Wyantanuck=Wyantenuc. Wyantenock= Weantinock. Wyantenuck=Wyantenuc. Wyapes=Quapaw. Wyatanons= Wea. Wyatiack=Wiatiac. Wybusing= W yalusing. Wyckerscreeke= Wecquaesgeek. Wycless=Waitlas. ae Wycomes, Wycomeses= Wicocomoco, Wyeacktenacks= Wea. Wyeck=Wawyachtonoc. Wy-eilat—Cayuse. Wye-Lackees= Wailaki. Wyeluting=Wyalusing. Wykenas=Wikeno. Wylachies, Wylackies, Wy-laks=Wailaki. Wylucing, Wylusink=Wyalusing. Wyniaws=Winyaw. Wynoochee= Wenatchi. Wy-noot-che=Wenatchi. Wyogtami= Wea. Wyolusing=Wyalusing. Wyomen, Wyomin, Wyomink, Wyomish= Wyoming. Wyondats, Wyondotts= Huron. Wyquaesquec= Wecquaesgeek, Wunnashowatuckqut= Xabotaj, Xabotaos=Tano. Xacatin=Soacatino. Xacona, Xacono=Jacona. Xaeser—=Haeser. Xa/exaes—China Hat. Xagua/te=Agua Caliente. Xa-hé-ta’-no= Apache. Xai’ma arangua’/s=Comecrudo. Xaima/me=Cotonam. Xa/ina— Haena. Xa-isla’=Haisla, Kitamat. Xak nuwi’/=Hukanuwu. Xalay=Zuii. Xamanao—=Hawmanao. Xamunanuc= Xamunambe. -WOS-SOSH-E—Y ABIPALYE Xana’ks’iala=Kitlope. XanExEwé’1= Hanehewedl. Xangopany=Shongopovi. Xapes, Xapies=Hapes. Xapira=Xapida. Xaqua=Xagua. Xaqueuira=Harahey, Quivira. Xaram=Xarame, Xaramenes, Xaranames—Aranama. Xaratenumanke= Pawnee. Xaray=Zuini. Xaslindin— Haslinding. Xatol=Xatoe. Xatukwiwa=Wintun. Xau/-i=Chaui. Xawdalyapay=Walapai. Xa’/xamatses=Hahamatses. Xax’eqt—Kakekt. Xet koan=Hehlkoan. Xemes, xemes, Xeméz—Jemez. Xenopué=Genobey. Xeres=Keresan Family. Xharame= Xarame. Xhiahuam, Xhiahuan=Siaguan. Xiabu=Hiabu. Xicarillas=Jicarilla. Xiguan=Siaguan. po eget jame. Xilenos, Xilenos=Gila Apache. Ximena, Ximera=Galisteo. Xiomato=Piamato. Xipaolabi=Shipaulovi. Xiscaca= Xisca. Xixame=Sijame. Xocomes=—Jocomes. Xoé/x0é=Koikoi. Xoi/Ikut=Whilkut. Xommapavi=Shongopoyi. Xomoks=Comox. . Xonalis=Yonalus. Xongopabi, Xongopani, Xongopaui, Xongopavi= Shongopovi. Xonoidag=Sonoita. Xonsadin= Honsading. Xoq!e/di=Hokedi. Xougopavi=Shongopoyi. Xoumanes=Tawehash. Xowtinkit=Howungkut. X0o’yalas, Xoya’les= Hoyalas. Xptianos Manssos= Manso. Xuacatino=Soacatino. Xu/adji Inaga’/-i=Skedans. Xu/adji-nao—Hutsnuwu. Xuala, Xualla—Cheraw. Xudmitsan=Quamichan. Xuanes=Huanes. Xuco, Xucu=Shuku. Xudes=Hwates. Xuikuayaxén= Huikuayaken. Xumanas, Xumanes, Xumarias, Xumas, Xumdases=— Tawehash. Xumatcam=Tepecano. Xumiexen=Comiaken. Xumtaspe=Nawiti. Xumunaumbe= Xamunambe. Xumupami, Xumupani=Shongopovi. Xuqua=Xugua. Xuts! hit tan=Kutshittan. Xuts!nuwui/=Hutsnuwu. x't/tx'itkawé1=Huthutkawedl. Xwa/xots=Wharhoots. Ya’=Yafngtsaa. Yaegalas= Umpqua. Yaai’/x‘aqEmae= Yaaihakemae. Yaa/kima= Yakima. Ya-atze=San Marcos. Yabapais, Yabijoias, Yabipaees, Yabipai— Yavapai. Yabipai Cajuala— Paiute. Yabipai Muca=Oraibi. Yabipais= Yavapai. Yabipais Cuercomaches=Cuercomache. Yabipais Jabesua= Havasupai. Yabipais Lipan=Lipan. Yabipais Nabajay=Navaho. Yabipais Natagé= Kiowa Apache. Yabipais Tejua=Tejua. Yabipaiye, Yabipay, Yabipias= Yavapai. BULL. 30] Yacaaws, Yacamaws= Yakima. Yacaws=Makah. Yacco=Acoma. Yachachumnes= Yachikamni. Yachakeenees= Ditsakana. Yachchumnes= Yachikamni. Yach’ergamut= Yacherk. Yachies=Texas. Yachimese= Yachikamni. Yachimichas=Chitimacha. Yachou, Yachoux= Yazoo. Yachtshil/agamiut= Yakchilak. Yackaman, Yackamaws, Yackaws, Yackimas=Yak- ima. Yaco=Acoma. Yacomans= Yakima. Yacona Indians, Yacone, Yacons=Yaquina. Yacovanes= Yojuane. Yactaché= Yatasi. Ya-cu, Ya-cu-mé yinné=Chemetunne. Yacumi= Yacomui. Ya/das=Yadus. Yaesumnes= Yusumne. Ya’/gan=Yagun. Yagnetsito= Yagenechito. Yagochsanogéchti=Onondaga. Yaguénéchitons, Yagueneschito= Yagenechito. Ya/-ha=Yahalgi. Yahatc, Yahats=Yahach. Yah-bay-paiesh= Yavapai. Yahkutats= Yakutat. Ya'hlahaimub’ahitilba=Taos, Yahmayo= Yuma. Yah-nih-kahs=Ataakut. comm Yahooskin, Yahooskin Snakes= Yahu- skin. Yahowa=Iowa. Yah-quo-nah= Yaquina. Yahrungwago= Yoroonwago. Yahshoo= Yazoo. Yah-shoots, Yahshutes=Chemetunne, Yahweakwioose= Yuk weakiwioose. Yah-wil-chin-ne= Yawilchine. Ya-idésta= Molala. Yainakshi, Yainakskni=— Yaneks. Yais=Eyeish. Yajumui= Yusumne. Yakamas, Yakanias, Yakemas, Yakenia=Yakima. Yaket-ahno-klatak-makanay, Ya’k’et aqkinuqtle’et aqkts’ma’kinik=Akanekunik. Ya-ki-as= Yokaia. Yakimaw= Yakima. Yakka= Yaka. Ya‘kla’nas= Yaku-lanas. Ya’kokon ka’pai=Karankawa. Yakon, Yakona, Yakonah, Yakone=Yaquina. Yake/da/t= Yakutat. Ya-qun/-ni-me/ yinné= Yaquina. Yakutatskoe= Yakutat. Yakutskalitnik, Yakutzkelignik—Tutago. Yakweakwioose= Yukweakwioose. Yakwu Lennas= Yaku-lanas. Yak-y-you= Yukweakwioose. Yalaas= Yazoo. Yalchedunes= Alchedoma. - Yale=Shilekuatl. Yalesumnes, Yalesumni= Yusumne. Yalipays= Yavapai. Yailashee, Yaltasse—Yatasi. Yama= Yuma. Yamacges= Yamasee. Yamagas= Mohave. Yamagatock= Yamako. Yamajab= Mohave. Yamakni=Warm Spring Indians. Yamas, Yamases, Yamassalgi, Yamassecs, Yamassees, Yamassi= Yamasee. Yamaya= Mohave. Yamesee= Yamasee. Yamhareek=Ditsakana. Yam-Hill= Yamel. Yamkallie= Yonkalla, Yamkally=Kalapooian Family, Yonkalla. Yamlocklock=Tamuleko. Yammacrans, Yammacraw= Yamacraw. Yammassees, Yammonsee, Yammosees, Yammossees= Yamasee. Yam-mi’s= Yammostuwiwagaiya. Yamoisees, Yamossees= Yamasee. YACAAWS—YA-SU-CHAH 1175 Yampah=Comanche. Yam Pah-Utes= Yampa. Ya/mpaini=Comanche, Yam-pai o= Yavapai. Yampai-ri’/kani=Comanche. Yampais, Yampaos= Yavapai. Yamparack, Yamparakas, Yamparecks, Yamparee- kas, Yamparicas, Yam’pari’/ka=—Ditsakana. Yampas= Yavapai. Yam-pa-se-cas, Yampatéka=Ditsakana. Yampatick-ara— Yampa. Yampaxicas=Ditsakana. Yampay= Yavapai. Yampequaws= Umpqua. Yamperack, Yamperethka, Yam-per-rikeu, Yam-pe- uc-coes=Ditsakana. Yam-p’-ham-ba=San Crist6bal. Yampi, Yampias= Yavapai. Yampirica, Yam-pi-ric-coes=Ditsakana. Yampi Utes, Yamp-Pah-Utahs= Yampa. Yanabi=Ayanabl. Yanckton= Yankton. Yanctannas= Yanktonai. Yancton= Yankton. Yanctonais= Yanktonai. Yanctonas= Yankton. Yanctonees= Yanktonai. Yanctongs= Yankton. Yanctonie, Yanctonnais= Yanktonai. Yanctonnais Cutheads=Pabaksa. Yanctons, Yanctonwas, Yanctorinans, Yanctowah= Yankton. Ydnehe=Tonkawa. Yaneton, Yanetong= Yankton. Yanga, Yang-ha= Yangna. Yangtons Ahnah= Yanktonai. Yanieye-rono= Mohawk. Yanioseaves= Yamasee. Yankamas= Yakima. Yanka-taus, Yanktau-Sioux, Yank toan=Yankton. Yanktoanan, Yanktoanons= Yanktonai. Yankton=Brulé. Yanktona, Yankton Ahna, Yankton Ahnah, Yank- ton-aias, Yanktonais, Yanktonans, Yank-ton-ees= Yanktonai. Yanktongs= Yankton. Yanktonians, Yanktonias-Sioux, Yanktonies, Yank- tonnan, Yanktonnas= Yanktonai. Yank-ton (of the north or plains)=Upper Yank- tonai. Yanktons= Yankton. Yanktons Ahna, Yanktons Ahnah= Yanktonai. Yanktons of the North, Yanktons of the Plains= Upper Yanktonai. Yanktons of the south= Yankton. Yank-ton-us= Yanktonai. Yanktoons, Yanktown= Yankton. Yaockwa-na.-‘syan-ni =Iroquois. Yannacock, Yannocock=—Corchaug. Yannubbee Town=A yanabi. Yanos=Janos. Yan-pa-pa Utahs= Yampa. Ya/n-tdoa= Yan. Yantons= Yankton. Ya» tsad— Yangtsaa. Yanubbee=Ayanabi. Yaocomico, Yaocomoco=Secowocomoco. Yaogas=Yaogus. Yaomacoes=Secowocomoco. Yaopim Indians=Weapemeoc. Yaos=Taos. Yapa=Ditsakana. Yapaches= Apache. Yapainé=Ditsakana. Yapalage— Yapalaga. Ya-pa-pi= Yavapai. Yaparehca, Ya-pa-rés-ka, Ya’/pa-re’yka, Yapparic- koes, Yappariko=Ditsakana. Ya/-qai-yuk= Yahach. Yaquima, Yaquimis= Yaqui. Ya-seem-ne=A wani. Yashoo, Yashu= Yazoo. Yash-ue=Chemetunne. Yashu Iskitini= Yazoo Skatane. Yaskai=Yokaia. YasL!i/n=Yastling. Yasones, Yasons, Yasoos, Yasou, Yasoux, Yasoves, Yassa, Yassaues, Yassouees= Yazoo. Ya-su-chah, Yasuchaha, Yasuchan—Chemetunne, 1176 Yasumni= Yusumne. Yastis= Yazoo. Ya-sut=Chemetunne. Yatace, Yatache, Yatachez, Yatase, Yatasee, Yatasie, Yatasse, Yatassee, Yatassez, Yatassi, Yatay=Ya- tasi. Yatcheéthinyoowuc=siksika. Yatchies=Texas. Yatchikamnes, Yatchikumne= Yachikamni. Yatchitoches=Natchitoch, Yates=San Marcos. Yatilatlavi=Navaho. Yatl nas: had’a’/i= YehInaas-hadai. Yattapo, Yattasaees, Yattasces, Yattasees, Yattasie, Yattassee= Yatasi. Yatuckets=Ataakut. Yatum=Yutum. Ya-tze=San Marcos. Yauana= Yowani. Yauktong, Yauktons= Yankton. Yaulanchi= Yaudanchi. Yaunktwaun= Yankton. Ya/un-ni= Yaunyi. Yau-terrh= Yohter. Yautuckets=Ataakut. Yavai Suppai=Havasupai. Yavapaias, Yavape, Yavapies= Yavapai. Ya-ve-pe’-ku-tean’=Tulkepaia. Yavepé-kutchan=Tulkepaia, Yuma. Yavipai cajuala= Paiute. Yavipai cuercomache=Cuercomache. Yavipai-Gilenos=Gila Apache. Yavipai Jabesua, Yavipai javesua= Havasupai. Yavipai-Lipanes=Lipan. Yavipai Muca Oraive=Oraibi. Yavipai-navajoi= Navaho. Yavipais= Yavapai. Yavipais-caprala= Paiute. Yavipais-Nataje=Kiowa Apache. Yavipais-Navajai=Navaho. Yavipaistejua=Tejua. Yavipay= Yavapal. Yawéden’tshi, Ya/wédmoni= Yaudanchi. Yawhick, Yawhuch=Yahach. Ya-wil-chuie, Yawitchénni= Yawilchine. Yayka-a=Crows. Yayecha=Eyeish. Yazoo Old Town, Yazoo Old Village, Yazoo Village, Yazous, Yazoux= Yazoo. Ybitoopas, Ybitoupas=Ibitoupa. Yeasqui=Casqui. Ychiaha=Chiaha. Yeahtentanee= Wea. Yeannecock=Corchaug. Yé/creqren=Yesheken. Yecori=Yecora. Yecujen-ne’=Mimbrefios. Yegaha=Dhegiha. Yeguaces, Yeguases, Yeguaz, Yeguazes= Yguases. Yehah, Yehhuh=Yehuh. Yehl= Hoya. Yeka=Kikatsik. Yekuk=Ekuk. Ye-k‘'u/-na-me’ yinné= Yaquina. Yo-Ku-tce= Yucutce. Yelamu’/=Yelmus, Yeletpo—Cayuse. Yellowhill=Red Clay. Yellow Knife, Yellowknife Indians, Yellow Knife people, Yellow Knives—Tatsanottine. Yellow Medicine’s band=Inyangmani. Yellow Village=Nachurituei. Yelovoi=Yalik. Yemassee= Yamasee. Yemez—Jemez. Yemmassaws= Yamasee. Yen=Yan. Yendat= Huron. Yénde’staq!é= Yendestake. Yendots= Huron. Yengetongs= Yankton. Yent=Noot. Yeomansee= Yamasee. Yeopim= Weapemeoc. Yro/t=Noot. Yep-pe= Yampa. Yéqolaos= Yekolaos. Yerbipiame=Ervipiames. Yesah, Ye-sa, Yesang—Tutelo. YASUMNI—YOUGHTAMUND Yetans—=Ietan. Yéta-ottine—Etagottine. Yé-tdéa=Ye. Yeut=Nodot. Yévepay2= Yavapai. Yguaces, Yguazes= Yguases. Whindastachy= Yendestake. Yi’/ata’tehenko=Carrizo. Yikirga/ulit=Eskimo, Imaklimiut, Inguklimiut. Yik’oa’psan=Ikwopsum. Yi-kq‘aic’= Yikkhaich. Yik‘ts= Yukuts. Yita= Ute. Yitleq=Itliok. Yiuhta=—Ute. Yixaqemae= Yaaihakemae. Ylackas=Wailaki. Y-Mitches=Imiche. Ymunacam= Ymunakam. Ymiutrez=Imuris. Yncignavin=Inisiguanin. Yneci=Nabedache. Ynqueyunque= Yuqueyunque. Yoacomoco=Wicocomoco. Yoamaco, Yoamacoes=Secowocomoco. Yoamity=Awani. Yoani= Yowani. Yocalles= Yokol. Yocovanes= Yojuane. Yocut=Mariposan Family. Yoedmani= Yaudanchi. Yoelchane= Yawilchine. Yoem= Yuma. Yoetaha=Navaho. Yofale, Yofate=Eufaula. Yoghroonwago= Yoroonwago. Yohamite= A wani. Yohios= Yokaia. Yoht=Zoht. Yohuane= Yojuane. Yohumne= Yandimni. Yo-kai-a-mah, Yo-Kei= Yokaia. Yoko=Yokol. Yokoalimduh= Yokolimdu. Yokod=Yokol. Yokpahs=Oyukhpe. Yo-kul= Yokol. Yokuts=Mariposan Family. Yolanchas= Yaudanchi. Yolays= Yolo. Yoletta=Isleta. Yol-hios= Yokaia. Yoloy, Yoloytoy= Yolo. Yolumne=Tuolumne. Yom-pa-pa Utahs= Yampa. Yonalins= Yonalus. Yonanny= Yowani. Yondestuk= Yendestake. Yongletats=Ucluelet. Yonkiousme=Jukiusme. Yon-kt=Zoht. Yonktins, Yonktons= Yankton. Yonktons Ahnah=Yanktonai. Yon-sal-pomas= Usal. Yoochee= Yuchi. Yookilta=Lekwiltok. Yookoomans= Yakima. Yoov’té= Uinta. Yoqueechae, Yoquichacs=Yukichetunne. Yorbipianos=Ervipiames. Yosahmittis, Yo-sem-a-te, Yosemetos, Yo-semety, Yosemites=Awani. Yoshol=Usal. Yoshuway =Chemetunne. Yosimities= Awani. Yo-sol Pomas=Usal. Yosoomite=A wani. Yostjéemé= Apache. Yosumnis= Yusumne. Yota=Ute. Yotché-eme= Apache. Yo-to-tan=Tututunne. Youana, Youane= Yowani. Youcan= Yukonikhotana. Youchehtaht= Ucluelet. Youcon= Yukonikhotana. Youcoolumnies= Yukolumni. Youfalloo= Eufaula. Youghtamund= Youghtanund, ————— ss LC {B. A.B. | | BULL. 30] Youicomes, Youicone, Youikkone= Yaquina. Youitts, Youitz= Yahach. Youkone= Yaquina. Youkonikatana= Yukonikhotana. Youkon Louchioux Indians=Kutchakutchin. You-ma-talla= Umatilla. Youna= Yowani. Young Dogs=Hachepiriinu. Young-white-wolf=Wohkpotsit. Younondadys=Tionontati. You-pel-lay=Santo Domingo. You-quee-chae= Yukichetunne. Youponi-Kouttane= Youkonikhotana. Youruk=Yurok. Yout=No6t. Youtah, Youtas=Ute. Youthtanunds= Youghtanund. You-tocketts=Ataakut. Youts=Ute. Yowana. Yowanne= Yowani. Yoways=Ilowa. Yowechani= Yaudanchi. Yow’-el-man’-ne= Yauelmani. Yowkies= Yokol. Yo-woc-o-nee=Tawakoni. Yrbipias, Yrbipimas= Ervipiames. Yrekas=Kikatsik. Yrocois, Yrokoise—Iroquois. Yroquet=Ononchataronon. Yroquois= Iroquois. Ys=Ais. Yscanes= Yscanis. Ysleta=Isleta, Isleta del Sur. Yslete, Ystete=Isleta. Ytara=Itara. Ytaua= Etowah. Ytha=Yta. Ytimpabichis=Intimbich. Yuahés—Iowa. Yuanes=Iguanes. Yubas=Yupu. Yubipias, Yubissias= Yavapai. Yubuincarini= Yubuineariri. Yucal=Yokol. Yucaopi= Yncaopi. Yucas=Palaihnihan Family, Yukian Family. Yucatat=Yakutat. Yuchi=Uchean Family. Yuchiha=Yuchi. Yue-la’-li= Yushlali. Yucuatl= Yuquot. Yufala, Yufdala hupayi, Yufalis— Eufaula. Yugelnut—Jugelnute. Yw’hta=Ute. Yu-i/-ta= Navaho. Yu-Ite=Yuit. Yuittcemo= Apache. Yu’je ma/ka" tce ubu’qpayé=Yuzhemakanche- ubukhpape. Yujuanes= Yojuane. Yuka=Yukian family. Yukae=Yokaia. Yukagamut=Chnagmiut, Ukak. Yukagamute=Ukak. Yukai=Yokaia. Yukaipa, Yukaipat= Yucaipa. Yukal=Yokol. Yukeh=Yukian Family. Yukh=Yaku. Yuk’hiti ishak—Attacapa. Yu-ki= Yukian Family. Yu-xi, Yu’/-ki-tcé yinné= Yukichetunne. Yukkweakwioose= Yukweakwioose. Yukletas=Lekwiltok. Yuko-chakat, Yukokakat, Yukokokat—Soonkakat. Yukol=Yokol. Yuk-qais’—Yukhais. A Yu’-k’ qwi-sti-ya= Yukhwustitu. Yukikwet’s= Yukweakwioose. Yukulmey= Yukulme. Yukuth, Yukuth Kutchin=Tukkuthkutchin. Yukutneys= Yukulme. Yu-kwa-chi= Yukichetunne. Yu'kwilta=Lek wiltok. Yii-kwin’-a, Yi-kwin’-i-me’ yunné= Yaquina. Yu/-kwi-tcé’ yinné’= Yukitchetunne. Yuk-yuk-y-yoose= Yukweakwioose. Yulas= Ute. Youikcone, YOUICOMES—ZE-GAR-KIN-A 1177 Yulata=Taos. Yullite=Ahtena, Yulonees= Yuloni. Yum=Comeya, Yuma, Yumanagan= Ymunakan. Yumagatock= Yamako. Yumanos=Tawehash. Yumas=Suma. Yumatilla=Umatilla. Yumayas= Yuma. Yump= Yuma. Yumpatick-ara= Yambadika. Yum-pis= Yavapai. Yumsa= Yuma. Yumyum=Ute. Yunnakachotana, Yunnakakhotana = Koyukukho- tana. Yunque, Yunqueyunk= Yugeuingge. Yu"ssaha=Dakota. Yu"taraye-rinu= Kickapoo. Yu/-nui wun-wu= Yungyu. Yu-nu-ye=Tyuonyi. Yu'n-ya=Yungyu. Yupacha= Yupaha. Yupapais= Yavapai. Yu-pi/It= Yuit. Yuquache= Yukichetunne. Yuques=Yukian Family. Yuqui Yanqui= Yugeuingge. Yuraba=Taos. Yurapeis= Yavapai. Yurmarjars= Yuma. Yu-rok=Weitspekan Family. Yu-sal Pomo= Usal. Yusar’/= Yussoih. Yuta=Ute. Yutacjen-ne, Yutaha, Yu-tah-kah—Navaho-. Yuta-jenne=Faraon. Yutajen-ne= Navaho. Yutama, Yutamo=Ute. Yu-tar-har’=Nayaho. Yutas= Ute. Yutas Ancapagari=Tabeguache. Yutas sabuaganas=A kanaquint. Yutas Tabehuachis=Tabeguache. Yutas Talarenos=Tularenfios. Yutawats=Ute. Yutcama= Yuma. Yute=Ute. Yute-shay=Apache. Yutila Pa, Yutilatlawi= Navaho. Yutlu’lath= Ucluelet. Yutoo’-ye-roop= Yutoyara. Yu-tst-tqaze, Yu-tsu-tquenne= Yutsutkenne. Yutta=Ute. Yutuin=Yutum. Yuvas=Yupu. Yuva-Supai=Havasupai. Yvitachua=Tvitachuco. Yxucaguayo=—Guayoguia, Yjar. Zacatal Duro=Posos. Zacopines=Tiopines. Zages= Osage. Zagnato= A watobi. Zagoskin=Ikogmiut. ; Zaguaganas, Zaguaguas=Akanaquint. Zaguate, Zaguato—A watobi. Zaivovois=iowa. Za-ke=Sauk. Zana=Sana. Zanana=Tenankutchin. Zancagues= Tonkawa. Zandia=Sandia. Zandjé jin’ga—Zandzhezhinga. Zandju/lie=Zandzhulin. Zanghe’darankiac=Sagadahoc. Zani=Zuni. Zanker-Indianer=Kutchin. Zantees—Santee. Za Plasua=Saint Francis. Zaramari=Tarahumare. Zarame= Xarame, Zaravay=Sarauahi. Zatoe= Xatée. Zautoouys, Zautooys=Uzutiuhi. Zaxxauzsi/kEn=Zakhauzsiken. Zea=Sia. Ze-gar-kin-a= Pima, Zuiii. 1178 Ze-ka-ka=Kitkehahki. Zeka-thaka=Tangesatsa. Zeke’s Village=Seek’s Village. Zemas=Jemez. Zembogu=Ozanbogus. Zen-ecu=Senecu. Zeneschio—Geneseo. Zeninge=Shenango. Zennecu=Senecu. Zesuqua=Tesuque. Zeton=Teton. Zi-unka-kutchi, Ziunka-kutshi=Tangesatsa. Ze-ut=Nodt. Zeven steden van Cibola=Zuhi. Zhiaguan=Siaguan. Zia=Sia. Ziaban, Ziaguan=Siaguan. Zi-amma=Tsiama. Ziatitz=Three Saints. Zibirgoa=Sibirijoa. : Zibola=Hawikuh, Zuni. Bee nctene. VZi-i=Sii. na Zika hakisis=Kitkehahki. Zill-tar’-dens, Zill-tar-dins=Tsiltaden. Zimshian=Tsimshian. : Zinachson=Shamokin. Zingomenes=Spokan. Zinni jinné= Kinnazinde. Zipias, Zippia-Kue=Tsipiakwe. Zisagechroann, Zisagechrohne= Missisauga. Zitos=Pueblo de los Silos. Ziunka-kutshi=Tangesatsa. Zivola=Zuii. Zizika aki¢isin’, Zizika-dkisi= Kitkehahki. Zjen-Kuttchin, Zjén-ta-Kouttchin= Vuntakutchin. oe=Choiz. ZE-KA-KA-—ZW AN-HI-OOKS Zoenji=Zuni. Zolajan=Sulujame. ia Ra Ses omit oo eer Zolucans=Cherokee. Zoneschio, Zoneshio, Zonesschio=—Genesec. Zoni=Sonoita. Zonneschio—Geneseo. Zopex=Soba. Zopus= Esopus. Zogkt=Zoht. Zoreisch=Tsurau. Zouni=Zuii. Ztolam=Sulujame. Zuake=Suaqui, Zuanquiz=Quanquiz. Zuaque=Tehueco. Zuaqui=Suaqui, Zue= Dakota. Zuelotelrey=Quelotetrey. Zugnis=Zuii. Zuguato—Awatobi. Zulaja, Zulajan—Sulujame. Zuilovaus—Cherpkee, Zumana, Zumanas, Zumas=Suma, Tawehash. Zumis, Zun, Zuna=Zuii. Zundju/lis=Zandzhulin. Zune, Zunia, Zunians, Zuni-Cibola, Zunie=Zudi. Zuni Vieja=Heshota Ayahltona. Zunni, Zunu, Zuny, Zura=Zuii. Zures=Keresan Family. Zutoida=Tutoida. Zu’tsamin=Zutsemin. Zuxt=Zoht. Zuyi=Zuii. Zuze¢a kiyaksa=Kiyuksa. Zuzeéa wicasa=Shoshoni. Zuzetca kiyaksa=Kiyuksa. Zwan-hi-ooks=Towahnahiooks, [B. A. B. BIBLIOGRAPHY Notre.—The names of authors and the titles of their papers appearing in maga- zines and other serial publications are not separately given in this list of works, unless the paper referred to is cited by title in the body of the Handbook. For example, Dr A. L. Kroeber’s memoir on The Yokuts Language of South Central California, published as Volume V, part:2, of the University of California Pub- lications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, is referred to by the entry “Kroeber in Univ. Cal. Pub., Am. Arch. and Eth., v, pt. 2, 1907,’’ consequently it is included in this list only under the caption University of California. Many manuscripts in the archives of the Bureau of American Ethnology have been consulted in the preparation of the Handbook, but as they are not readily accessible to students outside of Washington they are not included in this list. A. A. A. SS. See AMERICAN ASSOCIATION. garth Cc. C. Primitive industry. Salem, ABERCROMBIE, W. R. Copper river explor- ing expedition. Washington, 1900. ABERT, J. W. Report of Lieut. J. W. Abert of his examination of New Mexico, in the years 1846-47. (In Emory, Recon- noissance, 1848.) ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILA- DELPHIA. Journal, vols. I—vi, 1817-30. Proceedings, vols. I-LVII, 1841-1905. See Moorn, CLARENCE B. ADAIR, JAS. The history of the American Indians. London, 1775. ADAM, LuCIEN. See HAUMONT, PARISOT, and ADAM. ApaMs, C. F., jr., and ADAMS, HENRY. Chapters of Erie, and other essays. Bos- ton, 1871. ADELUNG, J. C., and VatTrER, J. S. Mith- ridates oder allgemeine Sprachenkunde mit dem Vater Unser als Sprachprobe in bey nahe fiinfhundert Sprachen und Mun- darten. B. I-Iv, Berlin, 1806-17. AIME-MARTIN. See LETTRES HDIFIANTES. ALARCON, FERNANDO. Relation. 1540. (In corhrdia Voyages, vol. 111, 1600, repr. ass Relation de la navigation et de la découverte ... 15 (In Ternaux- Compans, Voyages, tome Ix, Paris, 1838.) ALBACH, JAS. R. Annals of the West. Pittsburg, 1856. ALBERT, GEORGE DALLAS. History of West- moreland county, Pennsylvania. Phila- delphia. 1882. ALCALA. See GALLIANO, D. ALCEDO, ANTONIO DE. Diccionario geografico- hist6érico de las Indias Occidentales 6 América. Tomos 1—-v. Madrid, 1786-89. AupricH, H. L. Arctic Alaska and Siberia, or eight months with Arctic whalemen. Chicago, 1889. ALEGRE, FRANCISCO JAVIER. Historia de la Compania de Jesus en Nueva-Espaia. Tomos 1-111. Mexico, 1841. ALEXANDER, JAS. EDWARD. L’Acadie; or, seven years’ explorations in_ British America. Vols. I-11. London, 1849. ALLEN, Miss A. J. Ten years in Oregon. Travels and adventures of Doctor E. White and Lady, west of the Rocky mountains. Ithaca, 1850. ALLEN, E. A. Prehistoric world: or, van- ished races. Cincinnati, 1885. ALLEN, HARRISON. Crania from the mounds of the St. John’s river, Florida. (Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, N. s., vol. x, 1896.) ALLEN, HENRY T. Report of an expedition to the Copper, Tanana, and Koyukuk rivers, in the territory of Alaska, in the year 1885. Washington, 1887. ALLEN, J. A. The American bisons, living and extinct. (Memoirs Geol. Sury. Ken- tucky, vol. I, pt. 11, Cambridge, 1876.) AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. Memoirs, vol. II, pt. 11, Charlestown, 1804 ; vol. 111, pt. I, Cambridge, 1809. AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION. Memoirs. Vol. I, pt. 2, Lancaster, Pa., 1906. Vol. 1, pt. 6, Lancaster, 1907. Vol. 11, pts. 1-4, Lancaster, 1907-08. AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST. Vols. I-—XI, Washington, 1888-98; N. S., vols. I—XII, New York and Lancaster, 1899-1910. AMERICAN ANTIQUARIAN AND ORIENTAL JOURNAL. Vols. I-XxXXxII, Chicago [and elsewhere], 1878-1910. AMERICAN ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY. Trans- actions and Collections (Archologia Americana), vols. I—v1I, Worcester, 1820-— 85. Proceedings [various numbers]. AMERICAN ARCHMOLOGIST. Vol. 11, Colum- bus, ages (Formerly The Antiquarian, q. Vv. 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See Mf&xico, SECRETARIA DE FOMENTO. ANDERSON, ALEX. C. Notes on the Indian tribes of British North America and the north west coast. (In Historical Maga- zine, 1st ser., vol. viI, New York and London, 1863.) ANDERSON, ALEX. D. The silver country Sa great Southwest. New York, ANDERSON, J. Nachrichten von Island, Grénland und der Strasse Davis. Ham- burg, 1746. —— Beschryving van_Ysland, Groenland en de Straat Davis. Tot nut der Weten- een en den Koophandel. Amsterdam, 1750. ANNALES DE LA PROPAGATION DE LA FO!. (Various editions.) ANNUAL ARCHZOLOGICAL REPORTS. (In Ann. Rep. Can. Inst. for 1886-94, To- ronto, 1SS8—94, and App. to Rep. Min- ister of Education, Ontario, 1894-1904, Toronto, 1896-1905.) ANTHROPOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON. Transactions, vols. I-III, Washington, 1881-85. See AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST. ANTHROPOS. Revue Internationale d’Eth- nologie et de Linguistique. TT. I-v. Salzburg, 1906-10. ANTIQUARIAN (THE). Vol. 1, Columbus, 1897. 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Description de l’Amérique & des parties d’icelle, comme de la Nouvelle France, Floride, [ete.]. Amsterdam, 16388. LISIANSKY, Urry. Voyage round the world in the years 1805-1806. London, 1814. Lu&oyp, E. See KorTzeBun, OTTO. VON. Luoyp, T. G. B. On the Beothucs. (Jour. Anthr. Inst. Gt. Brit. and Ireland, vol. Iv, 21-59, London, 1874.) ———A further account of the Beothues of Newfoundland. (Ibid., vol. v, 222—230, London, 1875.) ae implements of Newfoundland. id. Lornw, Oscar. Notes upon the ethnology of southern California and adjacent re- gions. (U. S. War be Ann. Rep. Chief of Engineers for 1876, App. JJ, Washington, 1876.) LOGAN, JNO. A history of the upper country of South Carolina, from the earliest period to the close of the War of Independence. Vol. 1. Charleston and Columbia, 1859. Lone, JNO. Voyages and travels of an In- dian interpreter and trader, describing the manners and customs of the North American Indians. London, 1791. LONG, STEPHEN H. See JAMES, EDWIN; KEATING, WM. H. Lorp, JNo. K. The naturalist in Van- couver island and _ British Columbia. Vols. I-11. London, 1866. LosKIgBL, Gro. HeNRy. History of the mis- sion of the United Brethren among the Indians in North America. London, 1794. LossING, BENSON JNO. Moravian missions. (In Am. Hist. Ree. and Repertory of Notes and Queries concerning Antiq. of Am., Philadelphia, 1872.) — — American Revolution and the War of 1812. Vols. 1-111. New York, 1875. LOoTTER, MATTHIEU ALBERT. Carte nou- velle de lV’Amérique Angloise contenant tout ce que les Anglois possedent sur le continant de l’Amérique Septentrionale, savoir le Canada, la Nouvelle Ecosse ou Acadie et les treize provinces unies. Augsbourg [ca. 1776]. —— See SAUTHIER, C. J. LOUDON, ARCHIBALD. A collection of some of the most interesting narratives of outrages committed by the Indians in their wars with the white people. Vols. I-tr. Carlisle, 1808-11. Lovn, W. DreLoss. Samson Occom and the Christian Indians of New England. Bos- ton and Chicago, 1899. LOWDERMILK, W. H. History of Cumber- land [Maryland]. Washington, 1878. Lowery, Woopsury. The Spanish settle- ments within the present limits of the United States. 1513-1561. New York and London, 1901. Spanish settlements within the pres- ent limits of the United States: Florida, 1564-1574. New York and London, 1905. LozibrRes, See BAUDRY DES LOZIBRES, BIBLIOGRAPHY 1203 LUDEWIG, HERMANN BF. The literature of America. Aboriginal languages, with ad- ditions and corrections by William W. Turner. Edited by Nicholas Triibner. London, 1858. LUMHOLTZ, CARL. Among the Tarahuma- ris; the American cave dwellers. (Scrib- ner’s Mag., vol. XvI, nos. 1-3, New York, July—Sept. 1894.) Tarahumari dances and plant-wor- ship. (ibid. no.” 4:) — Cave-dwellers of the Sierra Madre. (Proce. Internat. Cong. Anthropol., Chi- eago, 1894.) — Huichol Indians of Mexico. (Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. x, New York, 1898.) ——— Symbolism of the Huichol Indians. (Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. Ii, Anthr. 11, New York, 1900.) — Unknown Mexico. Vols. I-II. York, 1902. LUMMIS, CHARLES F. A New Mexico David and other stories and sketches of the Southwest. New York, 1891. Some strange corners of our coun- try. New York, 1892. — The land of poco tiempo. York, 18938. ———— The man who married the moon and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories. New York, 1894. Lunier, M. Déformations artificielles du crine. (Dictionnaire de médecine et de chirurgie pratique, tome x, Paris, 1869.) LUTKE, FrEropor P. Voyage autour du monde. Parts 1I-11t. Translated from Russian [into French] by F. Boyé. Paris, 1835-36. LYELL, CHAS. Second visit to the United States of North America. Vols. I-II. New York, 1849. Lyon, G. F. Brief narrative of an unsuc- cessful attempt to reach Repulse bay. London, 1825. Private journal during voyage of discovery under Captain Parry. Boston, 1824. (Same, London, 1825.) New New McApDAMS, WM. Antiquities of Cahokia, or Monk’s mound, in Madison county, Illi- nois. Edwardsville, Ill., 1883. — Records of ancient races in the Mis- sissippi valley. St. Louis, 1887. McALEER, GEO. A study in the etymology of the Indian place name Missisquoi. Worcester, Mass., 1906. McCay, GEO. A. Reports in relation to New Mexico. (Senate Ex. Doe. 26, 31st Cong., 2d sess., Washington, 1851.) M'CaLL, HuGH. The history of Georgia, containing brief sketches of the most re- markable events, up to the present day. Vols. I-11. Savannah, 1811-16. MACAULEY, JAS. The natural, statistical and civil history of the state of New York. Vols. I-111. New York, 1829. MacCaungry, Cuay. The Seminole Indians of Florida. (Fifth Rep. Bur. Am. Eth- nology, Washington, 1887.) MCCLELLAN, GEO. B. See Marcy, R. B. epi ee Miata Eva. See WILLARD, CAROLINE NEC. . MCCLINTOCK, FRANCIS LEOPOLD. Fate of Sir John Franklin, voyage of the For. Fifth ed. London, 1881. McCoy, ISAAc. The annual register of In- dian affairs within the Indian (or west- ern) territory. Washington, 1836-38. —— History of the Baptist Indian mis- sions, embracing remarks on the former and present condition of the aboriginal tribes ; their settlement within the Indian territory, and their future prospects. Washington and New York, 1840. McCutton, J. H., Jr. Researches philo- sophical and antiquarian, concerning the aboriginal history of America, Balti- more, 1829, 1204 M’DONALD, ALEX. Narrative of some pas- sages in the history of Eenoolooapik: an account of the discovery of Hogarth’s sound. Edinburgh, 1841. MaAcpDONALD, DuNCAN G. F. British Colum- bia ,and Vancouver’s island. London, McDouGALh, JNO. George Millward McDou- gall, the pioneer, patriot, and missionary. Toronto, 1888. MaAcrin, MATTHEW. British Columbia. sources, and prospects. London, 1865. McGen, W J. The Siouan Indians. (Fif- teenth Rep. Bur. Am. Ethnology, Wash- ington, 1897.) Vancouver island and Their history, re- The Seri Indians. (Seventeenth Rep. Bur. Am. Ethnology, pt. 1, Washing- ton, 1898.) Primitive numbers. (Nineteenth Rep. Bur. Am. Ethnology, pt. 2, Wash- ington, 1900.) —— See Muniz, M. A., and McGumn. McGuire, JOSEPH D. Study of the primi- tive methods of drilling. (Rep. U. 8. Nat. Mus. for 1894, Washington, 1896.) — Pipes and smoking customs of the American aborigines. (Rep. U. S. Nat. Mus. for 1897, Washington, 1899.) McIntrosu, JNO. The origin of the North American Indians; with a faithful de- scription of their manners and customs. New York, 1853. Mackay, JNO., and BuAKEB, J. E. Map of the seat of war in Florida compiled by orders of Gen. Z. Taylor principally from the surveys and reconnaisances of the officers of the U. S. Army, 1839. U. S. War Department, Corps of Engineers, Washington, 1839. M’Kervor, THos. A yoyage to Hudson’s bay, during the summer of 1812. Lon- don, 1819. McKenney, TuHos. L. Sketches of a tour to the lakes, of the character and cus- toms of the Chippeway Indians, and of incidents connected with the treaty of Fond du Lac. Baltimore, 1827. —— Vol. I: Memoirs, official and per- sonal; with sketches of travels among the northern and southern Indians; em- bracing a war excursion, and descrip- tions of scenes along the western borders. Vol. IJ: On the origin, history, charac- ter, and the wrongs and rights of the Indians, with a plan for the preservation and happiness of the remnants of that persecuted race. Two volumes in one. New York, 1846. and HAwL, JAS. History of the Indian tribes of North America. Vols. I-1lt. Philadelphia, 1854. (Same, in various editions. ) MACKENZIE, ALEX. Voyages from Montreal, on the river St. Lawrence, through the continent of North America, to the Frozen and Pacific oceans; in the years 1789 and 1793. London, 1801. (Same, Philadelphia, 1802.) Medals awarded to McLAcHLIN, R. W. Canadian Indians. (Canadian Antiq. and Numis. Jour., 3d ser., vol. 11, Montreal, 1899.) McLAUGHLIN, JAS. Boston, 1910. McLEAN, JNO. Notes of a_ twenty-five years’ service in the Hudson’s Bay ter- My friend the Indian. ritory. Vols. I-III. London, 1842. (Same, London, 1849.) McLeEAN, Rev. JNO. The Indians, their manners and customs. Toronto, 1889. Canadian savage folk. The native tribes of Canada. Toronto, 1896. MacLean, JNO. P. Mound builders. Cin- cinnati, 1879. McVickarR, ARCHIBALD. CLARK. Maprip COMMISSION. See COLUMBIAN IIs- TORICAL EXPOSITION, See Lewis and BIBLIOGRAPHY [B. A. B. MAGAZIND OF AMERICAN History. Vols. oe New York and Chicago, 1877— MAILLARD, N. Doran. History of the re- public of Texas. London, 1842. MAIND HISTORICAL Society. Collections. Vols. I-v1, Portland, 1831-59. Vol. vit, Bath, 1876. Vols. vi1I—x, Portland, 1881-91. 2d ser., vols. I-x, Portland, 1890-99. MALLERY, GARRICK. The former and pres- ent number of our Indians. (Proc. Am: Asso. Adv. Sci. 1877, Salem, 1878.) — Introduction to the study of sign language among the North American Indians. (Washington, 1880.) A collection of gesture-signs and signals of the North American Indians. (Washington, 1880.) = Sign language among North Amer- ican Indians. (First Rep. Bur. Ethnol- ogy, Washington, 1881.) 5 Pictographs of the North American Indians. (Fourth Rep. Bur. Ethnology, Washington, 1886.) ——— Picture-writing of the American In- dians. (Tenth Rep. Bur. Ethnolegy, Washington, 1898.) MALTE-BRUN, MALTHE KONRAD- BRUN, known as. Universal geography, or a de- scription of all parts of the world, on a new plan. Vols. I-v. Boston, 1824-26. Tableau de la distribution ethno- graphique des nations et les langues au Mexique. (Congres Internat. des Amé- ricanistes, Compte-rendu de la 2e sess., Luxembourg, 1877, tome 11, Luxembourg and Paris, 1878.) MANDRILLON, JOSEPH. Le spectateur Amé- ricain, suivi de recherches philosophiques sur la découverte du Nouveau-Monde. Amsterdam, 1785. Le spectateur Américain ou _ re- marques générale sur l’Amérique Septen- trionale et sur la république des treizes Etats-Unis. 2e ed. Amsterdam et Bru- xelles [n. d.]. MANYPENNY, GEO. W. Our Indian wards. Cincinnati, 1880. MAPppPA geographica complectus. Indix occi- dentalis partem mediam circum Isthmem Panamensem &c. pro presenti statu belli quod est 1740 inter Anglos & Hispanos exortum Homanianis Heredibus 1731. (In Homan, Schule Atlas, 1743.) Maps. [As will be seen by reference to the synonomy following the descriptions of tribes and settlements, many maps have been cited in this Handbook, including a number published anonymously. In eases in which the cartographer was known at the time of consultation, the names are given in the citations and will be found in this list; in the case of anonymous maps, however, no _ at- tempt has been made to include them herein, owing to their large number and to the difficulty of identifying them.] Marcy, R. B. Report [on the route from Fort Smith to Santa Fé]. 1849. (Senate Ex. Doc. 64, 31st Cong., Ist sess., Wash- ington, 1850.) Saette. prairie traveller. New York, Thirty years of army life on the border. New York, 1866. Lipo ee reminiscences. Now York, Ola. ——— and MCCLELLAN, Gro. B. Explora- tion of the Red river of Louisiana, in the year 1852. (Senate Ex. Doc. 54, 32d Cong., 2d sess., Washington, 1853.) MARGRY, PIERRE. Découvertes et établisse- ments des Francais dans l’ouest et dans le sud de l Amérique Septentrionale (1614-1754). Mémoires et documents originaux. Pts. I-vi. Paris, 1875-86. MARIETTI, Pietro, ed. Oratio Dominica. Rome, 1870, BULL. 30]. MarQuettr, JACQUES. Discovery of some new countries and nations in northern America. London, 1698. —— Autograph map oe the Mississippi [1673]. fin Shea, J. G., Discov. and Explor. Miss. Val., Redfield, 1852.) —— See THWAITES, KR. Ge MaArsHALL, H. The history of Kentucky, containing ancient annals of Kentucky or introduction to the history and an- tiquities of the State of Kentucky, by See Rafinesque. Vols. I-11. Frankfort, MARSHALL, O. H. De Céloron’s expedition to the Ohio in 1749. (Mag. Am. Hist., vol. 11, New York and Chicago, 1878.) MARTIN, FRANCOIS X. History of Louisi- ana, from the earliest period. Vols. I-11. New Orleans, 1827-29. (Same, 1882.) History of North Carolina from its — period. Vols. 1-11. New Orleans, 1829. MARTIN, Ropert M. Hudson's Bay terri- tories and Vancouver's island, with an exposition of the chartered rights, con- duct and policy of the Hudson's Bay cor- poration. London, 1849. MARYLAND. Archives of Maryland; pub- lished by authority of the State under the direction of the Maryland Historical Society. Vols. I—XXVIII. Baltimore, 1883-1908. Mason, Oris T, . Ethnological directions relative to the "Indian tribes of the United States. Washington, 1875. — North American bows, arrows, and quivers. (Smithsonian Rep. 1893. Wash- ington, 1894.) -— Aboriginal American mechanics. (Mem. Internat. Cong. Chi- cago, 1894.) Woman’s share in primitive culture. New York, 1894. Origins of invention. New York, 1895. Primitive travel and transportation. (Rep. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1894, Washing- ton, 1896.) —Migraticn and the food quest; a study in the peopling of America. (Smith- sonian Rep. 1894, Washington, 1896.) ——— Directions for collectors of Ameri- can basketry. (U.S. Nat. Mus., Bull. 39, pt. P, Washington, 1902.) Aboriginal American basketry. (Rep. U. 8. Nat. Mus. 1902, Washington, 1904.) et al. Arrows and arrow-makers. (Am. Anthropologist, vol. Iv, no. 1, Wash- ington, 1891.) — See Houmes, W. H., and Mason. MASSACHUSETTS. See RECORDS. MASSACHUSET?®S HISTORICAL Soctnty. Col- I-—x, Boston, 1792-1809 Anthropol., London and lections. Vols. (vol. 1 reprinted “3 1806 and 1859; vol. Vv in 1816 and 183 2d ser., I—x, Boston, 1814—23 (reprinted 1838-43). sd_ser., I—x, Boston, 1825-49 (vol. I reprinted, 1846). 4th ser., I-x, Boston, 1852-71. MatTircKa, J. U. Schiidel und Skelette von Santa Rosa (Sta Barbara archipel bei Californien). (Sitzber. d: K. béhm. Ges. d. Wiss., II Classe, Prague, 1904.) Matson, N. Memories of Shaubena. 24d ed. and Kain, 8. W. Earthen- Chicago, 1880. MATTHEW, G. F., ware pot of the stone age. (Bull. Nat. Hist. Soc. New Brunswick, vol. y, no. Xx1II, St. John, 1904.) MATTHEWS, WASHINGTON. Ethnography and philology of the Hidatsa Indians. (U. S. Geol. and Geog. Surv., Mise. Pub. no. 7, Washington, 1877.) ——— Navajo silversmiths. (Second Rep. Bur. Ethnology, Washington, 1883.) — Navajo weavers. (Third Rep. Bur. Ethnology, Washington, 1884.) —— The mountain chant. (Fifth Rep. Bur. Ethnology, Washington, 1887.) BIBLIOGRAPHY 1205 MATTHEWS, WASHINGTON. The gentile sys- tem of the Navaho Indians. (Jour. Am. Folk-lore, uI, Boston and New York, April, June, 1890.) Navaho legends. York, 1897. Night chant, a Navaho ceremony. (Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. vr, New York, 1902.) ——— and WorTMAN, J. L. Human bones of the Hemenway collection in the U.S. Army Medical Museum at Washington. (Mem. Nat. Acad. Sci., vol. v1, Washing- ton, 1893.) MAURAULT, J. A. Histoire des depuis 1605 jusqu’a nos jours. 1866. MAXIMILIAN,. ALEX. P. Nord-America 1834. B. I-11. Boston and New Abenakis Québec, Reise in das innere in den Jahren 1832 bis Coblenz, 1839-41. Travels in the interior of North America. Translated from the German by H. Evans Lloyd. London, 1843. May, JNo. Journal and letters of Col. John May, of Boston, relative to two tet to the Ohio country in 1788 and 8 With a biographical sketch by Richard S. Edes, and illustrative notes by Wm. M. Darlington. Cincinnati, 1873. Maybr, BrRANTZ. Mexico, Aztec, Spanish and Republican. Vols. I-11. Hartford, 1858. Tah-gah-jute; or Logan and Cresap, an historical essay. Albany, 1867. MAYNE, RicHArRD C. Four years in British Columbia and Vancouver island. Lon- don, 1862. Mays, T. J. An experimental inquiry into the chest movements of the Indian fe- male. (Therapeutic Gazette, 3d_ ser., vol. 111, no. 5, Detroit, 1887.) MAZZEI, P. Recherches sur les Etats-Unis ; par un citoyen de Virginie, avec quatres lettres d'un bourgeois de New-Haven. Tomes I-Iv. Colle, 1788. MeEAcHAM, A. B. Wigwam and warpath; or the royal chief in chains. 2d ed. Boston, 1875. -——— Wi-ne-ma (the woman-chief) her people. Hartford, 1876. MEARNS, EpGar A. Ancient dwellings of the Rio Verde valley. (Pop. Sci. Mo., vol. xxxvit, New York, Oct. 1890.) MEDDELELSER OM GRONLAND. Vol. 1 (1890)— vol. XxXxIII (1907). Kjébenhavn. Meek, A. B. Romantic passages in south- western history, including orations, sketches, and essays. New York, 1857. MEGAPOLENSIS, JOHANNES. Short sketch of the Mohawk Indians in New Nether- land. 1644. (Coll. N. Y¥. Hist. Soc., 2 ser., vol. I11, pt. 1, New York, 1857.) MEGINNES, J. F. Otzinachson; or, a his- tory of the West-branch valley of the Susquehanna. Philadelphia, 1857. MEIGS, J. A. Observations upon the cra- nial forms of the American aborigines. Philadelphia, 1866. Description of a human _= skull. (Smithsonian Rep. 1867, Washington, and 1872.) MELINE, Jas. F. Two thousand miles on horseback. New York, 1867. MEMORIALS OF THB MORAVIAN CHURCH. See REICHEL, W. C. MENDIPTA, GERONIMO DE. Historia eclesi- Astica Indiana. México, 1870. MeENDOzA, ANTONIO DE. Letter to the Em- peror, 1540. (Hakluyt, Voyages, vol. 111, 436-438, London, 1600, reprint 1810; Ternaux-Compans, Voyages, tome _ Ix, Paris, 1838; Fourteenth Rep. Bur. Am. Ethnol., Washington, 1896.) MENDOZA, JUAN GONZALES DB. Histoire du grand royaume de la Chine, sitve aux Indes Orientales divisées en deux parties. Paris, 1588. (Same, trans. in Hakluyt Soe. Pub., vol. xv, London, 1854.) 1206 MENGARINI, GREGORY. A Selish or Flat- head grammar. (In Shea, Lib. of Am. Ling., vol. 11, New York, 1861.) — Indians of Oregon. (Jour. Anthr. Inst. N. Y., vol. 1, New York, 1871-72.) Mercator, GHRARD. Mappemonde de Gé- rard Mercator. 1569. (In Jomard, Monu- ments de la Géographie, Paris, 1842-62.) Mercer, H. C. The Lenape stone or the Indian and the mammoth. New York and London, 1885. Researches upon the antiquity of man. (Pub. Univ. of Pa., series in Philol., Lit., and Archzol., vol. vi, Phil- adelphia, “1897. ) MerepitH, H. C. Aboriginal art in obsi- dian. (Land of Sunshine, vol. XI, no. 5, Los Angeles, 1899.) MerRRIAM, C. Hart. Life zones and crop zones of the United States. (Us 7S. Dept. Agr., Div. Biol. Surv., Bull. 10, Washington, 1898.) MerRILL, Geo. P.. Treatise on rocks, rock- weathering and soils. New York, 1897. MessaGeE from the President of the United States, communicating discoveries made in exploring the Missouri, Red river and Washita, by Captains Lewis and Clark. February 19, 1806. Washington, 1806. Mexican BORDER COMMISSION. Reports of the committee of investigation sent in 1873 by the Mexican government to the frontier of Texas. Translated from the official edition made in Mexico. New York, 1875. Mexico, SECRETARIA DE FOMENTO. Anales, tome vi, México, 1882. Meyer, Cart. Nach dem _ Sacramento. Aarau, 1855. MICHEL, M. DE. See JOUTEL. MICHIGAN. See HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MICHIGAN. MICHIGAN PIONEER AND HISTORICAL SoO- cipry. Historical collections. Vols. I— XXXIV. Lansing, 1877-1906. Micuter, N. H., Jr. Reconnoissance. 1849. (In Rep. Sec. War, with reconnoissances of routes from San Antonio to El Paso. Senate Ex. Doc. 64, 31st Cong., 1st sess., Washington, 1850.) Miues, Netson A. Personal recollections and observations. Chicago and New York, 1896. MiLrortT, Le Cuierc. Mémoire ou coup- d’wil rapide sur mes différens voyages et aaue séjour dans la nation Créck. Paris, Mitt, NircHouas. The history of Mexico, from the Spanish conquest to the pres- ent ra. London, 1824. MILLER, GpRRIT S., and REHN, JAS. A. G. Systematic results of the study of North American land mammals. (Proc. Boston Soe. Nat. Hist., vol. xxx, no. 1, Boston, 1901.) MILupR, Merton L. Preliminary study of the pueblo of Taos, New Mexico. Chi- eago, 1898. MiILLs, Ropert. Atlas of the state of South Carolina. Made under the au- thority of the legislature. 29 maps, folio. Baltimore, 1825. Statistics of South Carolina, in- cluding a view of its natural, civil, and military history, general and particular. Charleston, 1826. MILts, WM. C. Explorations of the Gartner mound and village site. (Ohio Archeol. and Hist. Quar., vol. X111, no. 2, Columbus, 1904.) —— Certain mounds and village sites in Ohio. Vol. 1. Columbus, 1907. MILLSTONE. Vol. Ix, no. 1, to vol. x, no. 8, Indianapolis, 1884-85. [Contains a se- ries of articles on Zuni breadstuff, by ¥. H. Cushing. ] BIBLIOGRAPHY [B. A. B. MILTON, Viscount, and CHEADLE, W. B. North-west passage by land. Being the narrative of an expedition from the At- lantie to the Pacific. London, 1865. MINDELEFF, COSMOS. Casa Grande ruin. (Thirteenth Rep. Bur. Ethnology, Wash- ington, 1896.) Aboriginal remains in Verde valley, Arizona. (Ibid.) —— The repair of Casa Grande ruin, Arizona. (Fifteenth Rep. Bur. Am. Hth- nology, Washington, 1897.) The cliff ruins of Canyon de Chelly, Arizona. (Sixteenth Rep. Bur. Am. Bth- nology, Washington, 1897.) Navaho houses. (Seventeenth Rep. Bur. Am. Ethnology, pt. 2. Washington, 1898.) Localization of Tusayan clans. (Nineteenth Rep. Bur. Am. Ethnology, pt. 2, Washington, 1900.) MINDELEFF, VicTorR. A study of Pueblo architecture. (Eighth Rep. Bur. Am. Ethnology, Washington, 1891.) MINER, C. P. History of Wyoming, Penn- sylvania. Philadelphia, 1845. MINNESOTA GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HIS- TORY SURVEY. Geology of Minnesota, Vol. 1 of the Final Report, Minneapolis, ee 13th Report, for 1884, St. Paui, MINNESOTA HISTORICAL Society. Collec- tions. Vols. 1-x1. St. Paul, 1872-1905. MISSISSIPPI STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. Publications. Vols. I-vi1. Oxford, Miss., 1898-1908. MITCHELL, JNO. Map of the British and French dominions in North America. London, 1755. Morras, DuFLOT DE. See DUFLOT. MouLL, HERMANN. A new map of the north parts of America claimed by France un- der ye names of Louisiana, Mississipi, Canada, and New France, with ye ad- joining territories of England and Spain. (In Moll, World Described, London, 1710-1720.) Map of North America according to ye newist and most exact observations. [1715.] MO6LLHAUSEN, BALDWIN. Tagebuch einer Reise vom Mississippi nach der Kusten der Sudsee. Leipzig, 1858. ——— Diary of a journey from the Mis- sissippi to the coasts of the Pacific with a United States government expedition. Vols. I-11. London, 1858. MonarDES, Nicoutas. Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales que siruen en medicina. Se- villa, 1574 \ Histoire des drogues. Lyons, 1602. Mooney, JAs. The sacred formulas of the Cherokees. (Seventh Rep. Bur. Am. Eth- nology, Washington, 1891.) The Siouan tribes of the east. (Bull. 22, Bur. Am. Ethnology, Washing- ton, 1895.) The Ghost-dance religion and the Sioux outbreak of 1890. (Fourteenth Rep. Bur. Am. Ethnology, pt. 2, Wash- ington, 1896.) Mescal plant and ceremony. (Thera- peutic Gazette, 3d ser., vol. x11, Detroit, 1896.) Calendar history of the Kiowa_In- dians. (Seventeenth Rep. Bur. Am. Eth- nology, pt. 1, Washington, 1898.) — Myths of the Cherokee. (Nineteenth Rep. Bur. Am. Ethnology, pt. 1, Wash- ington, 1900.) Our last cannibal tribe. (Harper’s erties | vol. c111, New York and London, ne Cheyenne Indians. (Mem. Am. Anthr. Asso., vol. 1, pt. 6, Lancaster, Pa., 1907.) BULL. 30] Moorr, CLARENCE B. [See the various im- portant memoirs, by this investigator, on the archeology of the Southern States, published in the Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, from vol. x (1894) to date (1910), and cited throughout this Handbook. ] ——— Certain shell heaps of.the St. John’s river, Florida. (Am. Naturalist, vol. 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