‘ . ‘ ‘ bd sone 1 rae r ‘ si ¥ . . ‘ . o8 oe . cn) . pany ‘ vet ’ ta Ue temetane Co a ed Oey tee b ate ce he beet eh erent eo eee enema Ame tet nt, eee GS tence om Me ae fin athe tay ee Maye wee egeee err ererrnan a. Vote eet Bt ee sate Beye ete 2 « cinewemenens ; ; vie i aa a siete, Pee aces oe ‘ ‘ . . as te teem ta sess hee : ; seat bt Maca: wand wt . : ; : - % None te ege 3e™ . s ined ‘ : : ef z . - , a5 sire ter meee - i z ~~ = 2 ; : inh, : . ooo . - *y. ¥ : : - = ae 7 - . ~~ = : - i ; — = : = ? ; aie . pica a 7 “~. ~ — pb > 7 cad — -_- uv ~<—« - 7 paca =< : is x" . bs RICK ye ‘iL Merrit Director ~ ac 3 = HN M. (CLARKE. State Cg oe ose pe ae ~ Bulletin 49 49 December 1901s PAGE : . PAGE _ Trenton conglomerate of Rysedorph New Agelacrinites. _ JOHN M. ee 1 and its fauna. RUDOLF Oise Se ea in ho ae < 138° ae \NN .....---...-.-----. 3 | Ammigenia as an indicator of fresh- Z farce us F lidtestanes of central and water deposits during the Devonic 7 western New York and _ their of New York, Ireland and the fauna. JOHN M., CLARKE. ..--.- II5 Rhineland. JOHN M. CLARKE... 199 * Marcellus limestones of Lancaster, Explanation of plates .............. 205 ‘Erie co. N. Pomeewies Weep) '3d: | Index .. 2... 2s cs cee ks ccnn 229 ~ | 1Q3 617 ALBANY j UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK - IgOI - M86m-Je1-1000 Price 40 cents ; “ae panegaehe rid 2S on ; en * , a > Fis nhs aia as .\ Wi eget Nag! ‘War... : y an ~- s i! ‘ « 5 j , : By; Maxon '. eee MEAS: LLD. ee 18: Cuauncey M. Depew VB a ee we ‘3 - -2 1877 Cuaries E. Fitca LL.B. M.A. L.H.D. —- Re 878 Warretaw Rei M.A. LL.D. - - — Wi £881 Wittiam ‘H. Watson M.A. LL.D. M.D. 4881 Henry E. Turner LL.D. -— - a3 — 1883 St Crain McKetway M.A. L.H.D. LL. D, D. CL B r = 1885 DanieL Beach Ph.D. LL.D. - 2 a -V\ atkt fees Carnore FE. Suir LL:D: o> 255 ee a yr: 1890 Puiny T. Sexton LL.D. - 2 er om Palmy 1890 T. GuitrorpD SmitH M.A. C.E. LL.D. - - Buffalo 1893 Lewis A. Stimson B.A. LL.D. M.D. - 1895 ALBERT VANDER VEER Ph.D. M.D. - = v1 1895 CHARLES R. SKINNER M.A. LL.D. > a , Superintendent of Public Instruct 1897 CHESTER S. Lorp M.A. LL.D. - - — = Brookly 1897 Timotuy L. WooprurrFr M.A. Lieutenant- Governor ana 1899 JoHN T. McDonoucu LL.B. LL.D. Secretary of State, ex oli | 1g00 THomas A. Henprick M.A.LL.D. - - -—= Rochester ee 1901 BENJAMIN B. ODELL JR LL.D. Governor, ex officio ‘ 1g01 Ropert C. Pruyn M.A. - - —- .=— = Albany One vacancy . SECRETARY Elected by regents we aa Se Be ; 1900 JAMES RUSSELL PARSONS JR M.A. “~* DIRECTORS OF DEPARTMENTS | : 1888 MeLvi, Dewey M.A. State library and Home education - a 1890 JAMES RussELL Parsons JR M.A. Administrative, College and High schuae dep’ ts 5 1890 FREDERICK J. H. MERRILL Ph.D. Stale museum ee ir he : a -™ sdo1i0jn0 o}B0IpuL A- A “489M 9} WO uves S{[Ty Yduoposéy uesuy ueA “5 Aq OJON i” SO ONES em A ee V Id “BY RUDOLF RUEDEMANN INTRODUCTION the foot of the Taconic mountains, rise a number of ridges r rending | in a north northeasterly direction. The first of these _ passes only about one mile east of the city of Rensselaer. It is on into several hills which, standing out in bold relief from the plateau, are veritable landmarks and can be seen for a great _ distance on both sides of the river. One of the more conspicuous 3 of these hills is known among the people of the neighborhood by the appropriate name, “The pinnacle.” It can be seen from the streets of Albany and readily attracts attention by its steep slopes and its abrupt elevation above the plateau. On the northern _ brow of the hill projects a mass of very hard limestone con- - glomerate which, having evidently protected the underlying soft _ shales from the action of ice and weather, is in some measure the cause of the existence of the hill. A closer investigation of this 7 conglomerate, combined with observations on conglomerate beds _ farther south in the strike of this bed, has revealed not only _the presence of a very interesting fauna but also the notable _ fact that the pebbles composing this bed vary greatly in their “in the bitter struggle over rhe Taconic prob plem. £2 Dr Emmons was probably, the | first to notice ¢ he loeali ‘collect its fossils; for Hall, in Paleontology ba: New no York described among the Chazy fossils a_cephi alopod as + ; ceras bilineatum, and added: rate eae < a ' - a. \ ue An examination of this specimen since e the plate wi convinces me that it is identical with O. bilineatu Trenton limestone. This specimen was given me by | as coming from the Calciferous sandstone at a locality 2 miles east of the city of Albany. An examination of the spot h AS Con- vinced me that the rock in question is the Trenton ‘lime sto one thrust up through the Hudson river slates. The: association o E. fossils as well as other circumstances ae its reference to the Calciferous sandrock. ae TOR against the pe ee a of nearly all his contemparalalem con- | sidered the stratigraphy of this locality as of special importance for the demonstration of his assertion that the Siluric beds li unconformably on the Taconic. In his last defense of his " cherished object of research, contained in American geology, 1855, — pt 2, p. 72, a section of Rysedorph hill is given, which is copied | . here with the following description of the stratigraphic relations. At the milldam, the blackish sandstones of the Hudson river | dip also east; half a mile further sandstones again crop out, dipping steeply to the west. Just beyond, green Taconic slates dipping e 10° s support a heavy mass of Calciferous sand- 1 Dr Emmons calls the hill Cantonment hill. Inquirles among the occupants of the neighboring farms brought out the fact that the next hill succeeding in southerly direction was formerly called Cantonment hill on account of a military encampment on it during the war of 1812, and this term has now been perverted into Catamount hill, the present name of that prominence; while the hill described by Dr Emmons passes now under various names, as Sugar Loaf hill, the Pinnacle, Ryse- dorph hill, ete. As the last name has been adopted on the topographic map of the U. 8. geologic survey, it is retained in this paper, though no longer In popular use. Db riate Nearer view of outcrop of Trenton conglomerate Rysedorph hill. Photo by G. Van Ingen ” = a in ~ S 7 | ae From a note in the description of the fossils in the cited work of Emmons it appears that this investigator insisted on the Calciferous age of the Orthoceras bilineatum described by Hall from that locality; for? it is added after the description, “ Calciferous sandstone, Greenbush ”, and remarked, “Trenton limestone thrust up through the Hudson river slates!!” (the exclamation marks those of Emmons). And it is farther stated that the figure given by Hall of the O. bilineatum from Greenbush differs from specimens from the Trenton. It is insinuated that Hall identified the species as a Trenton form to avoid admitting the presence of the Cal- ciferous sandstone, for “to admit the existence of the Calciferous sandstone below the Trenton at this place would be equivalent to the admission of the Taconic system.” 1 Emmons recognized the derivation of the pebbles from several formations as is evident from his remarks on this locality in the A gricultwre of New York. 1846. 1:57, where are cited as found by him in the limestone bed; Maclurea, Bellerophon bilobatus and “masses bearing the char- acter of the Birdseye limestone”’ and it is concluded that “all these facts put together indicate that this mass of limestone is a mixture of all the lower limestones of the New York system; that they meet in this mass though it is by no means extensive.”’ 2 Am. geology. 1855. pt 2, p. 72. 3Am. geology. 1855. pt 2, p. 149. | pita by F Ford a Sena ‘it was ey - this locality with its complex. relations | tention between the early geologists; for, wit! rh § u of Cambric, the other of Siluric age, on opposite flan) apparently without any fossils in the immediate ne the locality was apt to mislead both antagonists. has demonstrated elsewhere, the Hudson river sha side of the Hudson river belong to the Normans ‘kill zor tolite shales and are of Trenton age. Graptolites ch of this zone have been found at the western edge of in Rensselaer in a road metal quarry at the corner of High a streets. The assumption of the intercalation of this sup Trenton conglomerate in the shales which are of bas would, therefore, involve no serious incongruity; in a act, a glomerate bed with the same fauna, the same kind ( and matrix, has been observed by the writer a few miles fé er south at the Moordener kill, intercalated in graptolite-bearing . shales. The question whether the bed on Rysedorph hill is ina ; calated in the shales or is a block thrust up along a fault, is. therefore, of no great theoretic importance for our investigation; | , but it may be stated that the appearance of the isolated bed, it which seen from the top is folded on itself, is quite suggestive of * its having been carried along the overthrust fault. Under this > assumption, however, it is evident that the conglomerate block — ean not be far removed from its mother bed, and that the latter. must be intercalated in the great mass of Normans kill shales at — no great depth.’ 1 Am. jour. scl. 1888. 85 :$19. “al 2A. 8. Tiffany exhibited at the Washington (1891) and Rochester (1893) meetings of the Geological — society of America some fossils from the Ryseaorph hill outerop and published his observations in a small separate paper. In this he considers the bed a Trenton limestone and cites the following fossils: Streptorhynchus filitextum Hall, Leptaena sericea Sow., Orthis dicho- toma Hall, Strophomena alternata Con., 8. alternistriata Hall, Asaphus gigas DeKay. TRENTON CONGLOMERATE OF RYSEDORPH HILL © : The intercalation of a similar bed in Normans kill graptolite shale, at Schodack Landing, 20 miles farther south, was made known by S. W. Ford.! He describes it as being 2 feet thick, and in part, somewhat brecciated in appearance. From the mode of : occurrence of this bed, he has no doubt that it is a regular mem- per of the slate formation. It furnished to him: Isotelus gigas, Calymmene senaria, Dalmanella testu- dinaria, Platystrophia biforata var. hyn =, melectambonites sericea, Rafinesquina alter- nata, and the hemispheric variety of Chaetetes lyco- perdon. Both the limestone and its associated graptolitic slates represent, in his estimation, the Hudson river group. A visit to this interesting locality, which lies in the direct strike of the Rysedorph hill and Moordener kill outcrops, convinced the writer that it is a third exposure of the same conglomerate bed, containing the same groups of pebbles, though in different rela- tive quantities. A fourth exposure of the same conglomerate, observed by Ford just south of Schodack Landing in a ravine, running along the Columbia county line was not found again and is probably covered at present by alluvial deposits. Still another outcrop occurs near the boathouse of the Mohican canoe club, on Papskanee island between Albany and Castleton. In all three localities the matrix consists of a dark gray to black arenaceous limestone, which weathers into a drab sand- stone, the Calciferous sandrock of Emmons. At the Moordener kill it has a strong admixture of mud and also an admixture of numerous fragments of shale, which, however, may have been forced into it from the surrounding rock during the folding of the beds. The pebbles, which by lithologic and faunistic differ- ences can be divided into seven groups, are irregularly mixed, mostly well worn, and of very different size; the latter character- istic in some measure depending on the hardness of the rock. The seven groups of pebbles are: 1 Lower Cambric limestone, represented by a single pebble found in the Rysedorph hill conglomerate, which is in lithologic 1 Am. jour. sci. 1884, 28: 207. ¥ peers 8 w a+ ig had f : } - oe fe foxge panieen diminished in Shi tie at t the Feciek kill, numbering the limestone pebbles, and are great! relative quantity- farther north, on Rysedorph ss a: 3 Pebbles of a black, hard limestone, which app¢ is line by the profuse admixture of crystallized eat plates. class, which is represented by only a few pebbles foun 1d a c dorph hill, is similar in lithologie appearance to the Cl Chaz stone as exposed near Valcour on Lake Champlain. It has found to contain Bolboporites americanus Billin 5, a characteristic Chazy fossil (see p. 11) and Paleocystite s Be: tenuiradiatus Hall. > me wee 4 The Lowville limestone is represented by hard, bluish Bis pebbles with numerous birdseyes, Phytopsis tubul: 0 wanes Hall, which differ in nothing from the Lowville limestone pede : as exposed along the Mohawk and Black river valleys. At the : Moordener kill also Tetradium cellulosum Hall sp. : he characteristic fossil of the Lowville limestone, has been collected. { The pebbles of this group, though not prevailing in any of the © a localities, are the most striking by their color, and in size they far surpass all others. At,Schodack Landing boulders of a foot — and a half in diameter have been observed. Opposite the rail- road station, in the conglomerate of the rocky wall behind the village, they can be noticed from the car windows. At the Moor- dener kill boulders a foot in diameter occur. Their large size is evidently due to their great hardness, for their relatively small number and strongly water worn rounded surface indicate their derivation from a more distant place. On Rysedorph hill only a few small pebbles were found. The ‘most common of these are Peri ort ewig drica Hall, a variety of Schmidtella crassimar- Seginata Ulrich,and Eurychilina reticuiata Ulrich. 1 The last group of pebbles consists of a light gray crystalline limestone, which often changes into a veritable shell rock. The greater number of these is largely made up of Plectam- bonites sericea showing a varietal development, others consist of Rafinesquina alternata orparts of Iso- telus gigas. This group of pebbles is by far the pre- vailing class in the Rysedorph hill conglomerate, and is still com- mon at the Moordener kill, but has become greatly diminished at Schodack Landing, the relative quantity of these and the sand- stone pebbles being, roughly stated, inversely proportional. A farther discussion of the character and composition of this conglomerate bed can not be carried on advantageously till after the description of the species and the determination of the taxonomic relations of the faunas of the last three groups of pebbles. . The unmistakable presence of pebbles of Chazy limestone ’ ae Fe a oe ge removing ‘lee he jawene of a confusion \ | limestone. ij DESCRIPTION OF FAUNAS ANTHOZOA | STREPTELASMA Hall Streptelasma corniculum Hall. Pal. N. Y. 1847. ds 69 A number of specimens of a coral fully agreeing in ext | and internal characters withStreptelasma corniculun were found in pebbles of black limestone of i: a (ss conglomerate at Schodack lawn. Several specimens repr ih sent the variety described by Hall as Streptelasma par. n vula. Streptelasma corniculum occurs in the Tren- oe ton, from Baffin Land! over Canada and New York as far west ae Fi, Minnesota, but does not seem to go either above or below = srmation. (Group 5) TETRADIUM Dana Tetradium cellulosum Hall sp. ’ Phytopsis cellulosum Hall. Pal. N. Y. 1847.1:39 — 4 This index fossil of the Lowville limestone was found in boulders of light gray limestone in the Moordener kill conglom- __ erate, which in their lithologic appearance show no difference from the Lowville limestone of the Mohawk and Black river valleys. (Group 4) 1 Schuchert. U. 8, nat. mus. Proc. 1900. 22 : 154. n Paice is Cerone he ae being Sbaut the | pe of those of the common Stenopora fibrosa.” s collected in the Champlain region, about Valcour, s organism is extremely common in certain beds, show 1€ celluliferous projection is somewhat variable and may lipsoidal as in the specimen figured. While the taxonomic on 1 of this body appears to be still doubtful, its value as an 2x fossil for the Chazy period is determined by the fact that other representative of this genus has thus far been found in s of any other period. According to Brainerd and Seely it is es ricted to the lower Chazy. Specimens of this species were i ound at Rysedorph hill in pebbles of a black, crystalline crinoidal eC associated with plates of Palaeocystites ~tenuiradiatus Billings, another ee ee Chazy fossil. Pcroup 3) DIPLOGRAPTUS McCoy e Diplograptus foliaceus Murchison sp. Graptolites foliaceus Murchison. Silurian system. 1839. p. 695 A few rhabdosomes of this widely distributed and long-lived species were found in the black limestone pebbles associated with Trenton fossils. (Group 5) CLIMACOGRAPTUs Hall Climacograptus scharenbergi Lapworth | Climacograptus scharenbergi Lapworth, in Arm- ; strong, Young and Robertson’s Catalogue of west Scottish fossils. | 1876. p. 140 ' Plo. net Climacograptus scharenbergi, an easily recog- nized graptolite, was found by Lapworth to occur in the lower —- == Joints of stems aay are found to constit ute om mie stone pebbles of Rysedorph hill, “(Group 7 Re eNe za CYSTIDEA ae Plates of Palaeocystites ac miraaigee were found in the crystalline, black Chazy limeston >, al plates of a Glyptocystites in the compact, black 1 i: stone, associated with Illaenus americanus | d sy of Tretaspis. (Groups 3 and 5) Z ey, BRYOZOA STOMATOPORA Bronn Stomatopora inflata Hall sp. _ Alecto inflata Hall. Pal. N. ¥. 1947. 11) | Pl. 1, fig. 2, 3 | v= jie a Zoaria of this pretty bryozoan were found to grow frequent vie on the cranidia and pygidia of Isotelus m aximus in the black compact limestone; they show the characters of the species as first described by Hall and later more fully defined by Ulrich. A finely preserved group attached to a Rafinesquina — deltoidea shows a remarkable variation from the typical expression of Stomatopora inflata in having the zooecia abruptly contracted, and the proximal end tubular and slender, thus closely approaching a form described by Ulrich as Stomatopora turgida from the upper beds of the “ Hud- son river group” at Wilmington IIl.; the difference between the two consisting in the more spheric shape of the inflated part in the Hudson river form and the more pyriform to cylindric develop- ment of the same part in the Rysedorph hill specimens (fig. 3). The lack of frequent branching is also common to both. a , 4 a . _ CALLOPORA Hall _cattpora poping ae Unieh ith ee eeslinaAc bryozoan, the surface of which adel be observed, as no ere Sees were found; e tucky, Tennessee, and as probably occurring at Ottawa Can. me" j oP 5) : PRASOPORA Nicholson & Etheridge jr Pe rasopora simulatrix Ulrich, var. orientalis Ulrich. Geol. and nat. hist. sur. Minn. 1895. v. 3, pt 1, p. 246 In the black compact limestone pebbles of Rysedorph hill, a few of the large hemispheric bodies, so widely 2 known from the Trenton under the designation Chaetetes f lycoperdon Hall, were found. As pointed out by Nicholson, no definition of this species has ever been given by either Van- uxem or Hall, or any subsequent writer, which can be regarded as in any sense sufficient, while it is certain that this name has been applied by different writers to wholly different forms. As Vanuxem’s figure, which gives the external form only, and Hall’s figures, which evidently include many forms, are no satis- factory proof as to the species on which the name was founded, Nicholson proposes to drop it altogether; Ulrich concurs, adding: _ “Jt would not be difficult to show that since 1842 no less than one hundred distinguishable forms have been included under this indefinite general designation.” a oe mh PL. a: fig. 4, 5 apn A OER but well preserved pedicle valve of | Siphonotreta was found in a pebble of black ial on stone associated with cranidia of Pterygometopt licephalus. As only two species on this voniihens have thus f referred to Siphonotreta, i. e. S.(?) micula McCoy ft Beekmantown horizon of Canada, and 8. (?) minnes oten Hall and Clarke, from the Stones river beds of fin- nesota, and as our form agrees with the. lottery a ecies A in all important features, it seems advisable to ‘refer ‘ ’ is val re at present thereto. Of both of these species the pedicle valy oe is completely known, and, on this account, their | ‘ to the European genus Siphonoireta is still doubtful. The b’ specimen from Rysedorph hill supplies this desired information 5 for Siphonotreta minnesotensis. Fl The pedicle valve found is broadly subovate in outline, depressed convex, with a straight, elevated, at first conic, but terminally cylindric beak, rising a little posteriorly of the center of the valve and extending beyond the cardinal margin. Beak perforated, foramen round and apical. Median part of shell depressed, lateral parts low, convex, increasing rapidly in slope toward the lateral margin. Surface of the umbonal region nearly smooth, with faint concentric wrinkles which rapidly increase in strength anteriorly. From the wrinkles proceed numerous straight, thin spines, which attain the full length of the shell, extending far beyond the anterior and lateral margins. - i ~ ] mu TRENTON CONGLOMERATE OF RYSEDORPH HILL 15 --*Dimensions. Length 3.9 mm, width 3.7 mm, hight 4 mm. Horizon and locality. Black compact limestone pebble of con- glomerate of Rysedorph hill. Observations. In common with the only other pedicle valve of Siphonotreta minnesotensis known, this form has the depressed median region and the concentric wrinkles, while it differs in size and the relative length of the spines, the latter being much larger in the New York specimen. The importance of this difference can, with only the two pedicle valves known thus far, not be properly adjudged. The interesting feature of the specimen from Rysedorph hill is that it shows distinctly the elevated conic beak with perfo- rated apex, a feature distinctive of the genus Siphonotreta, as restricted and more properly defined by Hall and Clarke! As remarked before, the other American specimens tentatively referred to this genus have not furnished sufficient data for _ their generic determination. The specimen from Rysedorph hiil indicates that Siphonotreta minnesotensis is the first undoubted American representative of that peculiar, eminently lower Siluric genus, which is well represented in Europe and extends with but one species into the upper Siluric. (Group 5) CRANIA Retzius Crania cf. trentonensis Hall. Descriptions new species Crinoidea and other fossils. 1866. p. 12 In the black compact limestone of Rysedorph hill a small internal cast of a Crania was found, showing two deep divergent oval central muscle pits on the apex and a third shallow one ‘below. As the internal parts of the Trenton species of Crania are not yet known, a closer comparison is not possible. PHOLIDOPS Hall Pholidops trentonensis Hall. N. Y. state cab. nat. hist. 24th an. rep’t. 1872. p. 221 A single but finely preserved specimen with regular oval out- line and strong lamellose growth lines was found in the compact Pate N. ¥: 1892. v.8, pt 1, p. 117, more ig hcaet a Cis. in /Pholidops nabieseoa u Hall does not give the exact horizon of his species tes secured at Middleville, and Dr White and Prof. Pro “( . find the fossil in the sections of Trenton Falls am v1 . 1 ties along the West Canada creek; the western va in the Black river and lower Trenton beds. (Group 5) ) AS oo * —* RAFINESQUINA Hall & Clarke ~ eile Rafinesquina alternata (Emmons) Hall & Clarke ; Leptaena alternata Emmons. Geol. of N. Y. Rep second district. 1842. p. 395 Pl. 2, fet Many pebbles of the gray crystalline limestone of hill are filled to the exclusion of other fossils with very large sj mens of Rafinesquina alternata. The extreme whe of a great number of specimens, combined with a remarkable — = extension of the cardinal region, constitutes a striking variation from the type, which becomes more emphasized in such Lorraine forms as Rafinesquina alternata loxorhytis Meek. Numerous other specimens are remarkable for the strong oblique corrugation of their cardinal regions. Several specimens of great gibbosity and thick shell were also found in ae ” NG TSO a y the compact reddish gray, ostracode limestone of Rysedorph hill. Rafinesquina alternata is also of frequent occurrence in the matrix of the conglomerate at the Moordener kill and at Schodack Landing. This form ranges from the Chazy to the Lorraine beds and extends from Canada to Minnesota and Manitoba. (Group 7) : tans fore, ie coarse ones, having only about 15 ent, equidistant striae on an otherwise smooth shell. In however, of the great variations of R. alternata and allies, R. camerata and R. deltoidea, on account : which it is often difficult to even assign a normal form ‘ to any of these three species, it would seem unwarranted to give any importance to such a varietal difference, if it were not for re t e fact, that the whole fauna of the conglomerate differs in so many of its constituents from the other New York faunas, thereby giving also to such varietal differences a _ certain significance in the comparison of provincial faunas. According to Hall the species abounds in the Trenton lime- stone at Trenton Falls and at Sugar river in Lewis county and is scarcely known to occur in the Champlain valley. Dr T. G. q White found that it characterizes certain Middle Trenton beds at _ Trenton Falls, and that it also occurs in the Trenton of the _ Champlain valley. Winchell and Schuchert report it from the middle and upper Trenton and the Lorraine beds of localities in Minnesota and Wisconsin; and according to Davidson + it is widely distributed in the Caradoc of Great Britain and through corresponding beds of Norway and Russia. The latter state- ee oe a ments, however, are questioned by Winchell and Schuchert, as ‘ the identity of the European and American forms is still doubtful. (Group 7) 1 Monograph Brit. Sil. Brach, 1871. v. 3, pt 7, p. 292. NET) ii. -} cal specimens, in the latter. two in jeaneed sp corrugations on the disk, abruptly inflected n extension of the hinge line forming rather ong Leptaena rhomboidalis occurs as well in E America, and ranges here from the Trenton up into tl the C (Groups 5, 6, 7) ; = ¥ PLECTAMBONITES Pander ve Plectambonites sericeus Sowerby sp. Leptaena sericea Sowerby, in Murchison’s Siluriar system. 18389. pl. 19 ie Large typical specimens occur occasionally in the black com-— pact limestone pebbles. (Group 5) “ ee Pelee Plectambonites sericeus Sowerby, var. asper James _ Neics Leptaenaaspera James. Cin. quar. jour. | sei. 187 Sc 1:151 oie Ae PL i, Dies Be A yariety with distinct cardinal corrugations was cited by | m James in his list of the Cincinnati fossils as Leptaena aspera. Later, Meek! described and figured this variety, stat- ing that it has a large and proportionally wide shell with a straighter anterior margin, and the area of its dorsal valve more inclined forward. A form which shows these characters, with — constant strong corrugations, occurs in immense numbers or rather composes the greater number of pebbles of gray limestone at Rysedorph hill, the Moordener kill and Schodack Landing, and is also very common in the matrix at these localities. The cor- rugations are oblique, acute, sharply terminating, large at the cardinal extremities and decreasing in length toward the beak. As the specimens marked characteristically in this manner pre- 1 Pal. Ohio 1873. 1:70. u read of rLeptaena sericea oe Hall, n, Ag tia and Schuchert. The collections of the state _ Ww h ae specimens ad can therefore hardly be considered a | different species. (Cement and group 7) Plectambonites pisum sp. nov. Pl. 1, fig. 8-20 There occurs rarely in the gray crystalline limestone, and very _ profusely in the black compact limestone, a small, extremely gibbous species of Plectambonites which may be described as P. pisum. : Diagnosis. Shell small, semicircular in outline, with sub- auriculate cardinal extensions; highly concavo-convex, the con- vexity surpassing that of a hemisphere; toward the cardinal ears becoming depressed convex; length to width as 4:5, greatest ‘ width along the hinge line, which is nearly straight. Surface marked with very fine striae, which usually are interrupted by from 16 to 20 coarse striae; sometimes the fine striae become nearly obsolete, leaving the interspace between the coarse striae almost smooth; at other times the coarse striae disappear, leav- ing the shell uniformly and finely striated; a few concentric growth lines are also present. Pedicle valve extremely gibbous, the greatest elevation being in the central part; the umbonal part sloping abruptly; the umbo being protuberant and projecting beyond the cardinal line; anterior and lateral slopes less abrupt, ay a 3 Feeices: rgin extends about one f valve, ant then Soe es an acu aie deep pyriform muscle aed ‘The musele marg om Brachial valve concave in the middle part, closely fo curvature of the pedicle valve, with a well defined around the lateral and anterior margin. Cardinal areé as that of the pedicle valve and also slightly concave, r with a large chilidium, somewhat concave in the middle. ( nal process single and erect and, by its coalescence: with divergent, short, crural plates, appearing distinctly trilok its posterior end, similarly to P.sericeus, with n€ dif however, that the posterior ends of the crural plates” are ni closely appressed to the cardinal process, but separate again a little, forming processes almost as prominent as and parallel to the cardinal process (pl. 1, fig. 18). Adductor sears shallow, : broadly triangular, extending not quite to the middle of the shell, — slightly divergent, inner margins formed by two ridges, vane” ing from the crural processes and extending to near the anterior — j margin; outer somewhat indented margin of the muscular 4 impressions greatly elevated as in P. gibbosus Winchell and 4 Schuchert. ; Dimensions. Length 8.5 mm, width 10.2 mm, hight 5.5 mm. | Horizon and locality. Extremely common in the pebbles of compact black limestone in the conglomerates of Rysedorph hill © and Moordener kill, rare in the matrix and very rare in the gray crystalline limestone pebbles. (Groups 5, 4 7 and matrix) ae eS Its nearest relation is undoubt- h i’ gibbosus Winchell and Schuchert, from the - Trenton of Minnesota, from which form it differs in its characters, having 16 to 18 coarser striae to the six en of the western form; in pean still more etbbens western form seems also to be less rounded and more sub- angular in outline. A small European form, which from the ee oe and figures furnished by Davidson! is apparently related to our species, specially in the shape and relative size “of the muscle impressions is Leptaena scissa Salter. It - occurs in the Caradoc and Llandovery beds of Great Britain. ~ CHRISTIANIA Hall & Clarke Christiania trentonensis sp. nov. Pl. 2, fig. 2-6 The most interesting aa of the fauna of the black compact limestone pebbles is a new species of the rare genus Christiania, thus far represented in North America only by a Helderbergian form. Diagnosis. Shell small, convexo-concave, somewhat variable in shape, rotundo-quadrate to rotundo-rectangular, sides sub- parallel or slightly converging to the cardinal line; front rounded. Hinge line straight, only slightly pega than the greatest 1 Foss. Brach. Pal. soc. 1861. v. 24, pt 3, no. 4, p. 325. ca r and Se in a straight line as a still more peomaaa . ing into the base of the cardinal process. The ei: metric, subrectangular spaces thus formed are each > transversely by a vertical ridge about one third of the toni of the valve from the cardinal line. The long narrow space betwer e€ 2 the inner muscular walls is also bounded anteriorly | by a al rounded, curving ridge and divided in the median line o 0 shell by a low, rounded, longitudinal ridge. The anterior" of the surface of the long LL ETIOR adductors is very a 2 and radially striated. The surface is covered with concentric lines of pe AS "i radiating, quite widely separated, filiform striae with smooth, 4 flat interspaces. Dimensions. Length 9.7 mm, width 8.9 mm, hight 3.1 mm. Horizon and locality. Rysedorph hill. The few specimens obtained, among them a finely weathered interior of a brachial valve, were found in the pebbles of black compact limestone, together with Plectambo nites sericeus, Plectam- bonites pisum and Orthis tricenaria. (Group 5) Observations. The genus Christiania was proposed by Hall and Clarke for such species, formerly included in Leptaena, as differ Be or. a EB ogarative study, as both the English and the Raw m forms vary greatly between short, broad and elongate forms, as s fully demonstrated by the figures given by Davidson and “ Murchison, Verneuil, and Keyserling ? and also by the writer’s _ specimens. While, however the Devonic form has the cardinal angles rounder and little produced, the surface smooth or only _ marked by squamous growth lines and the external lateral wall of the anterior adductor muscle in the brachial valve inflected in front of the crural processes, the British and Trenton species have rather strongly developed cardinal extremities, and the Russian and the Trenton forms have the longitudinal surface striae in common, for Murchison, Verneuil, and Keyserling report that specimens occur which have a striation like Le ptaena sericea. Judging from the figures given in the Geologie de la Russie d'Europe the external walls of the anterior adductor muscles in the Russian form are straight continuations of the crural processes as in the Trenton form. Perhaps, however, to the latter character no great importance should be attached, as Davidson figures a brachial valve of Christiania tenui- cineta with just such straight lateral walls among the other valves with inflected lateral walls, such as the Devonic form has. 1 Monograph Brit. foss. Brach. Sil. suppl. 1883. v. 5, pt 2, pl. i2, fig. 17-21, and v. 7, no. 4, pl. 47, fig, 7-18. Geol. de la Russie d'Europe etc. 1845. pl. 15, fig. 2a-f. Triplecia nucleus Hall Atrypa nucleus Hall, Pal. N. Y. asi. 12135 A small Triplecia, evidently identical with > Tri re nucleus Hall, was found to be common in the ¢ za line limestone pebbles of the conglomerate; a fey were also obtained from the compact reddish li nes stone with ostracodes. Triplecia nucleus has thus far ney only in the middle Trenton of New York. (Groups 6, ae : pate oRTHIS Dalman ed * Orthis tricenaria Conrad. Acad. nat. sei. Phil. Pred 7 Orthis tricenaria occurs quite frequently in t specimens of somewhat smaller size than those from the wes a] my side of the Adirondacks, in the gray crystalline and compact black limestone pebbles and in the cement. Its similarity to the Chazy form, Orthis costalis, together with the occurrence — of numerous cranidia and pygidia of Ampyx and Remopleurides — in the compact black limestone was at the first collecting quite suggestive of the Chazy age of the compact black limestone peb- bles; a suggestion, however, which the common occurrence of” typical Trenton fossils in the same pebbles proved to be mislead- ing. (Cement and groups 5, 6) | Orthis tricenaria is reported by Hall from the lower Trenton of Middleville; in the west it ranges from the Stones river (Lowville) beds through the Black river beds into the Tren- ton. Dr White did not locate it in the Trenton and Rathbone brook sections. PLATYSTROPHIA King _Platystrophia biforata Pehle few sla 4 aaa side of fold and sinus, while the usual number is from a 2 to 16 plications on either side, and at least 12 in Trenton ss "specimens of the same size from New York. As Winchell and | Schuchert! state that the earliest individuals of this species, - which ranges from the Chazy to the Niagara formation, are small in size and have but few and simple costae, characters which also appear in the young individuals, the immature characters of the specimens collected at Rysedorph hill point to a rather early age for the black limestone. (Group 5) DALMANELLA Hall & Clarke Dalmanella testudinaria Dalman sp. Orthis testudinaria Dalman. Kongl. Svenska. vet. akad. Handl. for 1827. 1828. p. 115 Dalmanella testudinaria is very common in the gray and black compact limestone pebbles of Rysedorph hill, Moordener hill and Schodack Landing. (Groups 5, 7) Ge?!) (ee — 2 a heme \ - 1 Geol. Minn. Pal. 1897. v. 3, pt 2, p. 456. ve eee * § <% = “J + + » Wy Dia a ind Gece aee 5 uw cal vtin >, he e ea Say" group of Dalmazella “subsequata. of Schuchert suggest that only the variety pery ¥ oe - manella subaequata occurs in New York a ~ In the strong development of their somewhat ang ula the character of the striae, which are a little coe figures of Dalmanella subaequata ond a the writer’s specimens agree better with that variety they are of slightly larger size than the measurements ar 1 given by Conrad and Hall require, and in this regard co rresponc ing better with the specimens figured by Winchell and Schu chert. Dr White reports D. subaequata from the and Middle Trenton of the Trenton and Rathbone brook s ection id: » = + a oy in New York. (Group 7) ~~ | + PARASTROPHIA Hall & Clarke a. nat Parastrophia hemiplicata Hall a es zs Atrypa hemiplicata Hall. Pal. N. Y. 1847. Ladd kt Parastrophia hemiplicata was found in the gray 2 se crystalline limestone in a few rather gibbous specimens with not - ; very strongly developed folds. This form, which has a wide geographic distribution, having been reported by Schuchert from _ Baffin Land and also from the northwest, is considered to be restricted to the Trenton, but it has been found in the upper Utica beds of the neighborhood of Albany, and is reported by White as marking a zone in the upper Black river beds near Boonville. (Group 7) : ProTOzYGA Hall & Clarke Protozyga exigua Hall Atrypa exigua Hall. Pal. N. Y. 1847. 1:141 This small form was found to be quite common in the pebbles of gray crystalline and compact reddish gray limestone. While med by] aren Felice is thoce he ecimens described as Zygospira Sardeson and as Ses nicolleti by Win- Schuchert. Hall reports the form from the “central he Trenton limestone at Lowville and near Martinsburg, s county”. Of later collectors it is mentioned only by Dr te om the Black river beds at Boonville and the Black river, not from the Trenton Falls or the West Canada creek sec- s. Hallina nicolleti is reported by Winchell and ert from beds corresponding to the New York Lowville ‘one and from the upper third of the Trenton limestone in nesota and Iowa. More extensive observation in this state _ may therefore show its range to extend from the Lowville lime- s one through the Black river beds into the Trenton. (Groups 6, 7) | fe ZYGOSPIRA Hall Zygospira recurvirostris Hall Atrypa recurvirostris Hall. Pal. N. Y. 1847. 1:140 Zygospirarecurvirostris is not infrequently found in the pebbles of gray crystalline limestone in the Rysedorph 3 hill conglomerate. The specimens obtained present no features 4 distinguishing them from the typical material, with the possible _ exception that the sinus is rather weakly developed. Hall — _ reports that this shell occurs in considerable numbers near the middle of the Trenton limestone near Martinsburg, Lewis co. 7 and that it also has been seen at Lowville and Middleville. White _ found it in the Black river beds of the Rathbone brook section, as well as in various horizons of the Trenton Falls section. In Canada and in the west it rises from the Lowville beds into the Trenton. (Group 6) 1Pal. N. Y. 1892. v. 8, pt 1, pl. 54, fig. 47-48. 7 . 7 } - "extremity. -ealated layers in the central’ Pay oft y Midaleritle. (Group 7) aes wurrenta Ulrich Whitella ventricosa Hall oat Edmondia ventricosa Hall. Pal. N. Yo q A single large specimen of this species was fount " of black compact limestone. Edmondia ven tri co. os said by Hall to occur in the central and higher part of t the» ton limestone at various localities of New York. White ort it also from the Black river beds of the Poland dimeki In see tion. Its occurrence in the west is still doubtful. (Group Oe a ¥ . CTENODONTA Salter ar ae + Ctenodonta ? sp. ci m1 aL A single cast of a lamellibranch was found on a black compac a : limestone pebble, which in its outline is suggestive of a Cleido- phorus, but it lacks the preumbonal clavicle impression, and probably belongs to a Ctenodonta of the C.nasu ta group. It. = is too incomplete to allow exact determination. (Group 5) is Ctenodonta cf. astartaeformis Salter There were also found three specimens of a small Otenodombee = of the C. (Nucula) levata group, which are comparable to GC. astartaeformis Salter, of the Canadian Trenton,! but, “3 judging from the description and figure of that species, seem to differ from that by being wider anteriorly and haying very strongly developed: erowth varices which give to their surface 1 Can. organic remains. "1859. “Decade 1, p. 39. - ie Wes ee - GASTROPODA PROTOWARTHIA Ulrich Protowarthia cancellata Hall sp. E Met icraphon eancellatus Hall. Pal. N.Y. 1847. x b atus Sowerby occurs quite frequently in well developed speci- ‘mens in the black compact limestone pebbles. Ulrich, main- _ taiming that the American and the European form are specific- Be siy distinct, doubts whether the latter occurs in America, ; though its name has entered so largely into the American geo- logic literature; and, as he believes that Hall’s B. bilobatus from the Trenton and Lorraine beds is identical with the same author’s B. cancellatus from the Lorraine, he applies the latter name to this important Trenton form, making it at the Same time the type of a new genus. Some of the specimens of the Rysedorph hill conglomerate by their more angular beak and the outline of the apertural lobes approach forms which for- merly were also referred to B. bilobatus, but have been sep- arated by Ulrich as Protowarthia rectangularis. Bellerophon bilobatus was known to Hall only from the Trenton, Utica and Lorraine beds of New York. It pos- sesses the same range in Canada, while in the west it has been found to appear in the Black river beds and to rise above the Lorraine into the Richmond beds. (Group 5) o>. (ae kill ‘conglomerate, “a0 hee | Rysedo ‘ hill conglomerate. ‘Th sie ta i this'§ the New York state museum, nor > any a ia | western species of this genus described by Ulrich. “t In. ate O: ¥ wa». é a7 4 + 5 Vic Lc 7 JU | Pl. uF fi. 12-18 < his varietal designation a form is characterized, which age common in the reddish gray, compact, ostracode Ee nearly straight, shorter than the length of the valve; cardinal les obtuse, anterior and posterior margins strongly rounded, ( posterior a little more than the anterior one; ventral outline of of body of valve uniformly ‘curved. Body of valve very strongly © ever, highest dorsally of the center, back of valve projecting 4 above the hinge line, causing the dorsal outline to appear more or less arcuate, and producing an incurving triangular cardinal - area. A depressed convex to flat border begins at the cardinal angles and encircles the valve, rapidly widening in the ventral Beexion, and mostly assuming the form of a tongue-shaped or lip- a shaped lappet. Surface smooth and shining. Dimensions. Length of body of valve of one specimen .7 mm, hight of same .45 mm; thickness .3 mm; width of ventral border _ .2mm; length and hight of body of valve of another .9 mm and .6 mm and width of border .2 mm. Horizon and locality. Reddish gray compact, ostracode lime- stone pebbles of the Rysedorph hill conglomerate. (Group 6) Observations. This form agrees in all principal features with Schmidtella~ crassimarginata Ulrich, from the Stones river (Lowville limestone) of Mineralpoint Wis., and Dixon _ Mil. It differs only in the stronger development, specially in the ventral region, of the marginal border, a difference which can not be considered to indicate more than a regional variety within the confines of the species. ~ ee an shape onl erinak ae Ret the str - “area, prove their identity with Ulrich’ F Bu ury - eulata. In view of the equality of their i import no value ean be attributed to certain small ait Bes PeS, smaller size of the pits. Eurychilina reti ee ia been found heretofore only in the Lowville and Black 1 stones of the west. (Group 6) Eurychilina bulbifera sp. nov. -PL 5, fig 14-17 BP Diagnosis. Carapace nearly semicircular, rather — wets Ww straight cardinal margin, strongly rounded anterior and po osterior ‘margins, and less curved ventral margin. Sulcus about one? in Ti . of the length of the valve from the posterior end, deep, exten one half the width of the convex part of the carapace. Pos terio1 part distinctly bulbous, higher than the rest of the ‘a 2] 1. Anterior and middle part strongly convex, highest ventrally ¢ ui eenter, Broad marginal area, with widely separate but very ee radial folds, exteriorly concave, abruptly upturned at the m gi 7 where a vertical outer closing wall is observable. Surface finely granulose, with the exception of the marginal area, but the vertical closing wall is distinctly granulose. — Dimensions. Length of larger specimen 1.4 mm, hight B mm, thickness .4 mm. 4 Horizon and locality. In the compact reddish gray and aa crystalline limestone pebbles of the Rysedorph hill conglomerate. (Groups 6 and 7) .°* la Observations. This form may be easily distinguished from othe - members of the genus by its short, convex form, large, strongly : a cae -Eurychilina (?) solida sp. nov. ee , 2 Pl. 5, fig. 18 _ A single specimen of a granulose Eurychilina found in the com- 3 “mt ostracode limestone of Rysedorph hill, agrees in most char- acters with the preceding species but differs in others. These are the perfect separation of the sulcus from the cardinal line, 4 the sulcus forming here a small deep crescent-shaped pit near _ .the middle of the valve; the remainder of the carapace, except x the marginal area, is strongly and very uniformly convex; and the marginal area more strongly concave, and rising much higher 3 thanin E. bulbifera. A break just behind the sulcus seems ; to indicate the presence of a node. The exterior and interior closing walls of the marginal area have not been observed, and it is, therefore, not certain whether this form is really a Eury- chilina, or possesses only a simple border or “ frill.” | Dimensions. Length 1.2 mm; hight .9 mm; thickness .3 mim. Horizon and locality. Compact gray limestone pebbles of the Rysedorph hill conglomerate. (Group 6) Eurychilina subradiata Ulrich var. rensselaerica var. nov. Hurychilina subradiata Ulrich. Geol. ‘Minn. Pal. 1897. v.3, pt 2, p. 668 Pi. 5, fig» 4—7,. 13 Diagnosis. Carapace rather large, elongate, semi-elliptic to subtrapezoidal, cardinal line longer than any other part of the Shell, straight, cardinal angles short; anterior and _ posterior te om ‘the ridge the v. aly = ty toward the thickened cardinal edge. ated mostly somewhat posteriorly of the median tn : ning a little ventrally of the cardinal line. No di bulb situated behind the sulcus. Marginal pig high angular ridge, which encircles the entire lateral ¢ margins of the valve, and which varies somewhat i in br always becomes narrower along the ventral margin, abruptly turns downward. Outside of this lies still 2 a flat, radially striated border, which, however, is mostly tr n off. Surface in some specimens very coarsely pitted, in otk ere very faintly so, in most, however, ee smooth. Shell very thin, specially the marginal area. ae V a Dimensions. Length 2.1 mm; hight 1 mm; thickness ‘4 mm. ~t ‘ ) Horizon and locality. Common in the gray crystalline aa -om a pact limestone pebbles of the aac hill conglomet ‘a - (Groups 6, 7) Tae a Observations. This form has all the essential fextanee 4 of Eurychilina subradiata Ulrich; it differs only in the absence of the distinct node and the more acute — cardinal angles, differences which are of not more than varietal ‘ importance, such as the same species is very likely to develop in- :: widely separated regions. Euryehilina su bradiatahas thus far been found in Illinois, Tennessee, Wisconsin, and Minne- a sota, where it is restricted to the Lowville limestone, Eurychilina dianthus sp. nov. Pl. 5, fig. 1, 2, 8, 9 Diagnosis. Valve very thick, suboval, equilateral; cardinal line straight, cardinal angles obtusely rounded, anterior and posterior margins nearly equally and strongly rounded; — arginal area not concave and curved outward as in the other cies, but more or less convex and curving inward, becoming _ wider toward the ventral region, and provided with strong radiat- es ribs, which in some specimens are parey composed of gran- 4 _ ules. Surface very faintly granulose. ~ Dimensions. Length 2.1 mm; hight 1.6 mm; thickness .6 mm. _ Horizon and locality. Gray crystalline limestone pebbles of a _Rysedorph hill conglomerate.- (Group 7) Observations. This interesting form can be compared only with Kurychilina aequalis, from the Chazy and Lowville limestone (Stones river group) of Kentucky, from which it seems to differ only in not possessing a distinct sulcus, and in having the marginal area strongly ribbed. Eurychilina obliqua sp. nov. Pl. 5, fig. 10-12 7 There have been found in the gray limestone several large | specimens of Eurychilina which are nearly related to E. dian- _ thus, but differ uniformly in certain important features. _ ‘These are the more elongate form of the semi-elliptic valve, the greater convexity of the body of the valve, and the situation _ Of the apex of the convexity in the posterior half, whence the valve evenly slopes anteriorly, the entire absence of any trace of an apical sulcate impression, and the considerably greater width of the margina] convex area, which soon reaches its full 1 Cin. soc. nat. hist. Jour. 1890-91. 13:129. Tatton cok” eee Gray limestone “of Bysed EGincen oS : .-- ay ¢ ig There is no species known to thie writer which j iss this form. If the development of the sulcus is taken int eration, it seems to stand at the end of a series which be such forms as E. bulbifera, where the sulcus and long and begins at the cardinal line. It then to wander ventrally, till it appears as a crescent-shaped pil t separate from the cardinal line as in E. granosa and it solida; it farther becomes faint, and may eventoaly a pear arate asin E. obliqua. At the same time the f with faintly developed sulcus have more rotund valves, 3) and mostly a convex instead of a concave marginal area; t bh hexh form, hence, apparently a natural group of species, which eyen nt ually may be advantageously comprised under a subgeneric term. PRIMITIA Jones & Holl Primitia mundula Miller var. jonesi var. nov. Primitia mundula S.A. Miller. Cin. quar. jour. sci. 2:350, and Ulrich, Cin. soc. nat. hist. Jour. 1890-91. 13:132 Pl. 7, fig. 2 The conglomerate affords very minute representatives of the genus Primitia, which have been found to belong all to one type that probably stands in varietal relation to Primitia mundula 8. A. Miller. } Diagnosis. Carapace very minute, strongly convex, subquad- rate-ovyate, dorsal margin long, straight; anterior cardinal angle obtusely rounded, posterior a little less obtuse; anterior mar- lose, the granules arranged in longitudinal rows, so that h a weaker glass the surface appears to be marked by longi- linal, anastomosing striae. Dimensions. Length .7 mm; hight .5 mm; thickness .2 mm. Be ‘Horizon and locality. In the pebbles of gray crystalline lime- Ba stone and of black compact limestone, Rysedorph hill. (Groups BS, 7) Le Stee a Observations. These minute fossils show considerable similar- ity to P. mundula S.A. Miller, from the upper half of the 4 Cincinnati group. They differ in being a little larger, > in having the tumid dorsal parts more strongly developed, and g specially in having a finely granulose surface. In consideration of the variability of P. mundula, shown by Jones and Ulrich, it is very probable that this form is only an earlier variety of the Cincinnati type. Jones’s P. logani, from the Canadian Chazy (?) and Trenton, has the front moiety mostly narrower than the hinder part and is smooth and punctate, while his P. mundula var. effossa from the dark: and fine grained limestone from the south of Montcalm market, Que- bec city, is a form quite similar to ours, but differing still in being longer, having the sulcus developed in the center into a large pit and in being smooth. It occurs in beds which Lap- worth and Ami have shown to contain the fauna of the Normans kill beds, in which the Rysedorph hill conglomerate is embedded, so that both these varieties of P. mundula are of older Trenton age. TT ae? ie pa rtwwhe Litt’ greatest cometh of the specimen, ‘straight, ¢ a rdinal rectangular, anterior and posterior margins subp: pi dorsal parts, curving inward ventrally, 1 ventral margin to the cardinal line, shorter than the latter by one 1 of valve flat, bearing a wide, u- -shaped (horseshoe-sh of authors) which anteriorly widens into a aa. ey mor convex plate with an eporays border are the curving eae at the cardinal line and ending wiih a knob. Separated by a narrow furrow from this rigeaney De el with the lateral and ventral margins, runs the high mar ig i obtusely angular ridge, which is highest along the lateral | mar- gins, and sinks rather abruptly at the antero and posterove at angles almost to the level of the body of the valve. Its aie 7 wall slopes very steeply. All parts of the apparently very ra thick-shelled valve are smooth. a Dimensions. Length 1.4 mm; hight 1.2 mm; thickness me mm. Horizon and locality. One specimen found in a gray crystal- ~2 line limestone pebble. (Group 7) : Observations. This valve has in general outline and the abate . acter of the marginal ridge some resemblance to the more com: — 4 mon form referred to Eurychilina subaequalis in this — paper. The central part, the flat body and u-shaped central ridge, | however, are entirely different from the evenly convex body of that Eurychilina. ns ; - MACRONOTELLA Ulrich Boe ra an, ’ : ine a os Macronotella ulrichi sp. nov. ; oo al Pl. 6, fig. 6-16 i ae the pray crystalline limestone pebbles of the conglomerate Dat Rysedorph hill and the Moordener kill (pl. 7, fig. 1) occur representatives of the genus Macronotella known only by one species from the Lowville limestone of the west. This genus is characterized by Ulrich as follows: “Carapace convex, semi- circular or semiovate, with a long nearly straight hinge; valves equal, full centro-dorsally, without ridges or a sulcus, but exhibit- ing a smooth subcentral spot where the ornament is omitted; surface, in the only species known, coarsely punctate.” The affinities of the genus are thought to be with Kirkbya. In the conglomerate beds two species have been found, which are distinctly allied to Macronotella scofieldi, the type of the genus. Diagnosis. Valves three fourths circular to subovate; dorsal outline rarely straight, mostly prominent in the central part, specially in older specimens; cardinal angles obtusely rounded to shortly truncate; posterior margin with a little longer truncation, lateral and ventral margins forming approximately a continuous circular line, in larger specimens the anterior and posterior mar- _ gins more strongly rounded, and the ventral margin less curved; free edges in most specimens with a broad depressed border and beveled edge. Surface strongly convex, culminating in the dorso- central region; in some specimens almost smooth, with only faint, widely and iregularly distributed circular impressions; others Bieertet aie This pretty meus agrees swith th genus Macronotella in its convex valves, culmina —— dorso-central region, apical smooth spot, border and tation; it differs in being relatively much shorter sn shorter cardinal line; it also has obscure or truncate ¢ wins angles. It appears that the definition of the genus she ald be modified for the reception of this and the next spel t embrace forms of not only Se but also of relatively short hi line. 3 . : oe a This form shows a slight eiinldrtegh toa round, pnnéiannie e with beveled border and dorso-central apex, from: Scania ian upper Siluric beds, described by Jones as A parchite 8 decoratus. The Swedish form does not apparently possess — “ the apical smooth spot and has a very short cardinal line; its — reception into the genus Macronotella would therefore be not — advisable. ay Be =. . i a Another species which may be mentioned in this connection, z Isochilina amii Jones, from the Trenton limestone of Loretto, province of Quebec. This species is described by Prof. Jones as follows: “A small black valve, ovate oblong; dorsal border long and straight; anterior end evenly and posterior one elliptically rounded, ventral edge nearly curved and obscurely crenulated. Surface marked with small scattered pits; greatest — convexity at the hinder moiety.” It is added: “This seems to ~ differ from all known forms. It has the Leperditian shape of Isochilina, although no sulcus nor tubercle is visible.” There - | 4 4 1 An. and mag. nat. hist. 1889. p. 272. * Contrib, Can. micro.-pal. 1891, pt 3, p. 68, pl. 10, fig. 14. TRENTON CONGLOMERATE OF RYSEDORPH HILL 85 exists a great similarity between the habitus of this and M. ulrichi, which finds its expression in the slightly convex dor- sal line, well rounded anterior and posterior sides, scattered pits on the surface border, and the obscurely crenulated margin, which ig also indicated in some of the species from Rysedorph hill by a faint radiation and radial arrangement of shallow impressions on the border. On the other hand, the Quebec form is relatively longer, has its greatest convexity posteriorly instead of centrally, and lacks the central smooth space. Prof. Jones had apparently only a single valve for description, and the pos- sibility is therefore not excluded, that more extensive material would have presented features more closely agreeing with M. wet eb 1. | Macronotella fragaria sp. nov. Pl. 6, fig. 3-5 Another valve of Macronotella was found in the same lime- stone, possessing different characters from the foregoing. Diagnosis. Carapace elongate, semiovate; cardinal margin nearly straight, anterior and posterior cardinal angles very ob- tusely rounded; anterior and posterior margins boldly rounded, ventral margin less curved. Surface strongly convex, culminat- ing a little ventrally and posteriorly (?) of the center, very coarsely punctate; in the center is a circular, slightly projecting, smooth, flat plate, from which a tapering ridge extends to near the cardinal line. No border observable. Dimensions. Length, 1.7 mm; hight, 1.5 mm; thickness, .6 mm. Horizon and locality. In the gray crystalline limestone pebbles of the Rysedorph hill conglomerate. (Group 7) Observations. This form differs markedly from both the other species by its strongly rounded cardinal angles, the culmination of the valve ventrally and posteriorly from the center, the absence of the border and the presence of the tapering ridge. The absence of the dorso-central inflation and of the border removes this form so much from the typical expression of the genus that the propriety of referring thereto may be ques- ys | it is oem ‘ . longest diameter nearer to the cardinal line and | is lar in profile than M. fragaria. Dr ei | his species with Primitia ornata Jon ones, fre Wenlock beds? a form which also bears comparison with but differs in having angular cardinal angles and ao coars reticulated surface. | =~ As the smooth median ridge oti actampesnle fra a rests also on a smooth, very faint impression, the relat a also of this species to Primitia is quite apparent. It “se that M. fragaria occupies an intermediate position be those genera, differing in some features from the typical expre sion of both of them. BYTHOCYPRIS Brady <— edd Bythocypris cylindrica Hall sp. ; Leperditia (Isochilina) cylindrica Hall. N.Y. state cab. nat. hist. 24th an. rep’t. 1872. p. 231 ; Pl. 7, fig. 26-28 Bythocypris cylindrica is a form of extremely frequent occurrence in the reddish gray compact limestone, of common occurrence in the gray, more crystalline limestone, and rarely found in the black compact limestone pebbles. It was — described by Hall as occurring in the Hudson river group at 3 Cincinnati, and is reported by Ulrich from the Trenton and Utica beds of the Cincinnati region and from the Lower Trenton (Clitambonites bed) of Cannon Falls Minn. The New York form 4 . z - 4 = > a el le Pas 1: Das Palaeozoicum im polnischen Mittelgebirge. Verh. der kaiserl. Russisch. mineral. Gesellsch. zu St Petersburg. 1896. 2d ser. 32:383. 2 An. and mag. nat. hist. Sth ser. 1856. 17:411, LEPIDOCOLEUS Faber _Lepidocten jamesi Hall & Whitfield Sp. a. y. 2, ei i p. 106 wa Pl. 4, fig. 16-19 | i The eiack limestone of the Rysedorph hill conglomerate fur- nished two plates with crustacean structure, which, on compari- #2 son, proved identical with a specimen collected in the Rafines- : 3 °. quina deltoidea bed of the upper Trenton limestone of Trenton zr Falls. The latter has been figured by the writer in another Pe paper, for comparison with the figures of specimens of Lepi- docoleus jamesi, found to occur profusely in the lower Utica beds of Mechanicsville, and occasionally in the upper Utica beds on Green Island. Hall and Whitfield remark _ that they detected fragments apparently identical with their : Plumulites jamesi on surfaces of Trenton limestone from Trenton Falls, and the writer in a former paper concurred s with this identification, and is as yet not prepared to separate the Trenton and the later forms, though it seems that the — Trenton specimens have more closely arranged transverse stri- ations. A critical comparison of the Trenton and Utica mate- rial is however greatly hindered by the very different preserva- tion of the plates in the shale, where they are nearly completely : flattened and reduced to a mere film, and in the limestone, where . they retain all details of profile and surface sculpture. The latter fact makes the specimens from Rysedorph hill specially worthy of notice. This surface sculpture consists of a very delicate but distinct cross striation of the interspaces between the coarser transverse striations, consisting of two systems of a rey occur in the beds Hei are rr, » an ey ‘ was found, and, as it proved to ‘consist Mele of ty we plates, a new genus Lepidocoleus was founded f« more species of the same genus, one from the Boch : este and one from the Helderbergian beds were subseq described by Dr Clarke?, the characters of the genus still | fully elucidated and, specially, the highly simple, m mc dif form of this group of barnacles pointed out. In recognitic the important differences between Lepidoleus and the rilepadidae, Clarke has placed the genus in a distinct the Lepidocoleidae. Associated with the broadly triangular Ree sigmoid: base which compose by far the majority of all plates ob erved, ; occur also more narrowly leaf-shaped plates with somewhat drawn out apex and simply rounded base. Medially they are marked by a narrow carina, extending from the apex to about the middle of the base. As they are associated with the others, possessing the same size and surface sculpture, they are evi- dently parts of the same exoskeleton., One of these plates from the Trenton shales at Port Schuyler near Albany has been fig- ured by the writer in museum bulletin 42 on the Hudson river shales of the vicinity of Albany (pl. 2, fig. 11). Faber’s specimen _ shows only two rows of equal plates, which are none of them — carinate, and the distal, caudal extremity of the specimen is missing. This part is retained in the specimen described by Clarke from the Rochester shale; the terminal plate of the latter is described as being grooved on its narrow back. It is, therefore, 1 Cin. soc. nat, hist. Jour. 1886. 9:16. 2 Am, geologist. 1896. 17:137. i oe Ves 2as aeidenaia” ‘This species is wate ee 8 cal with the one represented by the Trenton and Utica nens of the vicinity of Albany, referred to Lepidoco- us jamesi, for its plates are about three times as large as those of the latter, and differ materially in shape; the carina «3 » lies not medially but close to the longer side. (Group 5) ANALYSIS OF THE FAUN A OF THE CON GLOMERATE Fossils contained in the various kinds of pebbles i c=common; cc=very common; r=rare; rr=very rare _ GROUP 1 Gray limestone r Hyolithellus micans Billings _ 2 Gray and reddish sandstone ; None 8 Black erystalline limestone (Chazy limestone) Bolboporites americanus Billings = Palaeocystites tenuiradiatus Hall sp. 4 Lowville limestone Tetradium cellulosum Hall BBs 5 Black compact limestone Streptelasma corniculum Hall e Diplograptus foliaceus Murch. sp. r Climacograptus scharenbergi Lapworth r Stomatopora inflata Halil sp. e Stictopora cf. elegantula Hall r Callopora multitabulata Ulrich ee : Siphonotreta minnesotensis Hall & Clarke rr , Crania trentonensis Hall r : Rafinesquina alternata Emmons sp. c . Leptaena rhomboidalis Wilckens Plectambonites sericeus Sowerby sp. P. pisum sp. nov. ce 1Geol. mag. 38d ser. 1889. 26: 274. “ hen aa ? co to row rue cm fag * ee Zitteloceras hallianum roe eis fame Tretaspis reticulata sp.nov, Sa T. diademata sp. nov. - pa Ampyx (Lonchodomas) hastatus sp. nov. Remopleurides linguatus sp. nov. en Isotelus maximus Locke Illaenus americanus Billings Cyphaspis matutina sp. nov. Bronteus lunatus Billings Calymmene senaria Conrad Pterygometopus callicephalus Hall sp. Ceraurus pleurexanthemus Green sp. Cybele sp. : Sphaerocoryphe major sp. nov. Isochilina armata Walcott, var. pygmaea var. nov. Primitia mundula Miller, var. jonesi var. nov. Aparchites minutissimus Hall sp., var. robustus var. nov. Bythocypris cylindrica Hall sp. 6 Reddish gray compact limestone Rafinesquina alternata Conrad sp. Dalmanella testudinaria Dalman sp. Triplecia nucleus Hall Protozyga exigua Hall Carinaropsis carinata Hall Gerasaphes ulrichana Clarke sp. Ampyx hastatus sp. nov. Remopleurides linguatus sp. nov. R. tumidulus sp. nov. Pterygometopus callicephalus Green sp. Leperditia resplendens sp. nov. ’ 3 i os i. i > ~ . bes “A “ as x bs ber] oO a J a tf ‘ ate 7 at a y P “ or». ee — = i es me . aS - m7 >. ae 2 4 eantnan nena a iaiciamelin testudinaria Dalman sp. _ -D. subaequata Conrad, var. pervetus Conrad Dinorthis pectinella Emmons sp. Parastrophia hemiplicata Hall Protozyga exigua Hall Zygospira recurvirostris Hall Modiolopsis cf. aviculoides Hall Conradella compressa Conrad - Carinaropsis carinata Hall Lophospira bicincta Hall sp. L. perangulata Hall sp. Liospira subtilistriata Hall sp. Clathrospira subconica Hall Trochonema umbilicatum Hall sp. Cyrtospira attenuata sp. nov. Hyolithus rhine sp. nov. Cyrtoceras subannulatum Hall Spyroceras bilineatum Hall sp. ? (teste Emmons) S. cf. anellus Conrad sp. Remopleurides linguatus sp. nov. Isotelus maximus Locke Illaenus americanus Billings Thaleops ovata Conrad Pterygometopus eboraceus Clarke P. callicephalus Hall sp. Dalmanites achates Billings Ceraurus pleurexanthemus Green Frequency and vertical range of species — The following tabulation ‘of the organ groups of pebbles is given to show the relative} occurrence, and their vertical range in other reine € = qe ed ae | ——~ ae B=Black river group; th—Ohieh, Dees Dicellograptus zone (Normans kill graptus zone); L= ne beds; Lo=Lowville limestone Birdseye limestone, E—Richmond beds; T=Trenton tnneweonsy U=vUtica bene lime- lime-| N.Y. | Canada} West stone] ctone | Stone oe pacer corniculum Hall.|.....-|-------- c = = ograptus foliaceus Mur- CAEGON BP.~ -ncanceeccndnsecce [scuman|snconaus r T-L T-U Climacograptus Saieteasihins TOMS oc dn nc 4 : } = ¥ by ’ e Pie nar ~ " re Kea) Ta » err ee ba 4 i ~S : Ve ££ eB an ions of >» ae ed © iy ase sei Be 5. Anatom and py siology of Polygyr: .: maximus and em olay Be Lin max mé ma “4 aus. Get. IQOI. 25¢. ron amp, W: M. 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