SMITHSONIAN LIBRARIES NOILNLILSN NOILNLILSN NOILNLILSN RIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI” NVINOSHLINS S31uva “i LILSNI NVINOSHLINS S3IYVYaIT LIBRARIES SJIYVUGIT LIBRARIE: INSTITUTION INSTITUTION INSTITUTION SMITHSONIAN INSTITUT SY SMITHSONIAN ¥ RIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S31u NVINOSHLINS SaZluvVuall_ LIBRARIES NVYINOSHLIWS KS NN y \ YQ SMITHSONIAN SMITHSONIAN LIBRARIES LIBRARIES Lie a JLSNINVINOSHLINS S3I1¥vugdit LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN SJIYVUSIT LIBRARIES INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI INSTITUTION NOILNILILSNI | 5 iA zt w, ~ ia o o a 9) > > 0] A m SN on Ceinose 77) w ie RI ES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILALILSNI NVINOSHLINS S34 | uve = eh = 7 < = ff 4 z 4 a > Ly h NN = = = : = > ( VE 2 g g 3 hb 4 Pi Wa) F OE Ge I LA : > a > fh ae Go ee ai ie ALSNI_NVINOSHLINS S3luvag 171 LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTIT IT z a - ~ mt 4 >, 4 ar “ : 5 fe) fo) s = 1 2 i, RIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLIWS Y Li} Saluvy INSTITUTION INSTITUTION NOILALILSNI INSTITUTION LILSNI NVINOSHLINS S3iYVYEIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUT NYINOSHLINS S3INVYUSIT LIBRARIES NVINOSHLINS S3IYVYGIT_ LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN SMITHSONIAN SMITHSONIAN a eo! ee ee ee ee SS ee Meese FS Sar wwe SE UE Seua ett ke = us - ul - or a - Bre =4 _<«£ — ee es University of the State of New York New York State Museum FREDERICK J. H. Merritt Director Joun M. CrarxkeE State Paleontologist Bulletin 63 PALEONTOLOGY 7 STRATIGRAPHIC AND PALEONTOLOGIC MAP OF CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES INTRODUCTION _ The region covered by these maps is a classical one in the . history of New York paleontology. In the days of the original “survey of the old fourth district, 1856 to 1843, Prof. James Hall, the district geologist, frequently made headquarters on the beautiful shores of Canandaigua lake and both then and in ‘later years the richly fossiliferous shale beds exposed along the lake shore and in its ravines, afforded to him inexhaustible re- sources for collecting their organic remains. As representative of the strata embraced within the “ Hamilton group” no series of exposures in the State has been so thoroughly exploited as meneee. Canandaigua and its lake, 70 years ago, were easily ac- -cessible and so were the numerous villages scattered through “northern Ontario county, but about the latter the roek ex- posures have always been few and hard to find because of the great thickness of the drift mantle. Southern Ontario was more remote and though the township of Naples was reached by Hall it was for a brief visit only, and its splendid exposures and in- teresting faunas were left for subsequent researches, 4 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Canandaigua was the writer’s home town and Naples the home of his pioneer ancestors in western New York. During the early years of youthful enthusiasm for geologic study the rocks of Canandaigua and vicinity were the subject of prolonged and careful analysis. In the days from 1870 to 1880 the entire © fauna was studied in such detail that the vertical range of every known species, and many before unknown, of the Hamilton stage was established and from other formations large accre- tions to known facts were made. So productive were the in- vestigations of this period in increasing our knowledge of these faunas that in the “ Monograph of the North American Devonian Crustacea,” published at a later date as volume 7 of the Paleontology of New York nearly 200 figures were given of trilo- bites and other crustaceans collected by the writer during this time and in this region. The Portage strata of the township of Naples, as a result of careful researches begun then and continued till the present, opened up a virtually new fauna in the New York series. The study of the Portage fauna, desultory at first, began seriously only when in companionship with Mr D. Dana Luther, it was attacked with unremitting assiduity and in this companionship the exploitation of this fauna has been carried forward through- out the entire extent of this formation in the State. For 20 years no circumstances were permitted to interfere with the yearly joint attack on this problem, and though this long standing companionship in the field has been latterly inter- rupted by force of circumstance, Mr Luther has diligently earried on the refined stratigraphic study of the Naples rocks and their equivalents while the writer has been more specially concerned in the solution of the paleontologic and bionomic problems to which the faunas have given rise. In 18851 the writer published a geologic map of Ontario county. Up to that time the rock formations of the region had not been delineated in greater detail than given on the old ——— erential Ee IN. Y. State Geol. 4th An, Rep’t, CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 5 state map of 1843. This map, which was the summation of some years of observation, served a useful purpose and has been the basis of the maps herewith presented. Accompanying the map of 1885 was a brief account of the variations of the faunas ac- cording to the formations represented. Our present data enable and require us to analyze in closer detail variations in sedimen- tation sometimes accompanied and sometimes unaccompanied by variations in faunation. It was made clearly apparent by the writer’s long study of the changes in the fauna of the Hamil- ton shales and limestones that very few variations of material importance in the composition of the fauna throughout the en- tire series of these deposits were tangible and this same condi- tion has been shown to prevail in the deposits of this period wherever the sediments maintain the singularly homogeneous character shown in this section. We have introduced a considerable diversity of coloration on these map sheets but such refined distinctions in sedimentation are now essential to the complete understanding of bionomic con- ditions and stratigraphic changes during the period of deposi- tion of these strata. They are essential also as an aid to the correlation of the rock section here given to that in adjoining regions of the State. Many of the names may prove to serve only a local, perhaps some of them only a temporary, purpose. Certain of the divisions have however a higher value and indi- cate periods of uniform deposition over wide areas in western and central New York. An apology or excuse for the refine- ment of these stratigraphic subdivisions is not necessary. The multiplication of local names as formation terms is one of the imperative accompaniments of progress in the interpre: tation of ancient marine conditions. "The attempt thus made many years ago to determine a basis of subdi- vision in these homogeneous sediments on the basis of the range of the fos- sils, proved as inconsequent as similar efforts Subsequently made in this series of sediments. Were one concerned to construct a doll’s philosophy from imaginary laws conceived to govern the association of species into faunules the extraordinary uniformity of faunation in these beds should afford an oppugnant problem, 6 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM FORMATIONS The rock formations here represented as units of sedimentation may be grouped in broader divisions in the manner following: Chautauquan group Chemung beds Tne est hill { Ithaca beds ; Cuan | Hatch Rhinestreet -Cashaqua Parrish (lentil in Cashaqua) Middlesex Standish West river Genesee beds Contin _Genesee Tully limestone Tully ( Moscow Menteth (lentil in : Moscow) ; Hamilton beds Tichanok EKrian group Canandaigua | Skaneateles Cardiff Marcellus beds Stafford L : Marcellus Paleo- { Ulsterian group Onondaga beds Onondaga devonic / Oriskanian group Oriskany beds Oriskany Siluric le Cobleskill beds Cobleskill or ayugan group — ( Bertie Ontaric | | Salina beds ) Camillus Neo- | Portage beds devonic Senecan group Q Meso- devonic SILURIC General observations. All these formations are so deeply buried under a continuous drift mantle that their variations can be studied only at a disadvantage. We have indicated the contact lines of these as well as the lower Devonic formations as ap- pended, by slightly undulating lines traversing the region in a nearly east and west direction. It is our belief that such lines bound the palpable outcrops over a region which before becoming enveloped in the drift was not deeply channeled and by the rigidity of its rocks was able to resist the erosion which further south has broken up the softer formations into projections and outliers. Camillus shale The lowest formation in the rock series and. northernmost on the Canandaigua sheet is that subdivision of the Salina group of formations which consists of soft gypseous shale or plaster rock, — CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES it dark when fresh but becoming light ashen gray on exposure. These beds are both underlain and overlain by thin light gray magnesian limestones or platten dolomites. Entire thickness 50 feet. On account of the meagerness of the exposures throughout the northern area of the Canandaigua quadrangle the exact position of the contact line between the red or Vernon shales and the gypseous Camillus shales, which is the equivalent of the rock beds of western New York, is not apparent. The lowest rock exposures | are along Mud creek below Brownsville and in the bed of Ganar- gua creek just to the north of the north line of the sheet. Here are two outcrops, one just above and the other about 25 rods below the bridge, which show a few feet of very fine hard dark bluish drab limestones characterized by needle cavities or styliolites, which mark the magnesian limestones of the gypseous deposits of the Salina group elsewhere. These layers are easily broken into small and regularly shaped blocks. Between the dolomites are thin layers of bluish clay shales. In the Goose Egg, an oval hill 1 mile south of Brownsville on the west side of Ganargua creek ‘there occurs the most northerly outcrop of the upper gypsum or plaster bed. The exposure is a small and isolated one and is obscured by drift and disintegrated shale. Gypsum was formerly quarried here. One mile farther south the gypsum outcrops at the foot of the declivity on the west side of the Ganargua creek channel and “land plaster ” has been quarried here for many years and ground in Conover’s mill near by. In consequence of the expense attending the stripping of the heavy covering of drift, 30 to 40 feet thick, the small amount of plaster produced in recent years has been mined, access to the bed being had through a horizontal tunnel at the base of the hill. The breast of the mine is 14 feet high. The gypsum is purest at the bottom. This bed is a continuation of the one from which “Onondaga land plaster ” is obtained in Onondaga county; “Cayuga plaster” in the vicinity of Union Springs, Cayuga co., and “ Vienna plaster ” along the Canandaigua outlet in the western part of the town of Phelps. It is 30 to 40 feet thick in this region and is composed 8 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM of the hydrous sulfate principally in the impure condition and not infrequently appears crystallized as selenite and in flaky condition mixed with very soft dark bluish clayey shale. Where the gyp- sum predominates the rock has a distinctly crystalline appear- ance but where the proportion of shale is greatest the lines of sedimentation are very apparent and it has every resemblance to ordinary soft dark shale. Joints occur everywhere throughout the rock beds and through these the percolating waters have had access to the gypsum deposits and have frequently removed them, thereby causing a settling of the shale material adjacent and leaving hemispheric masses between the resultant depressions. Doubtless the present hummocky condition of the beds, not alone in this region but throughout the area of surface exposure of Camillus shales is largely due to causes connected with the change’ from anhydrite to the hydrous sulphate or gypsum. There are a few thin even layers of hard magnesian limestone interstratified with the gypsum and at the top of the bed there are 8 to 10 feet of soft blocky shales containing but very little gypsum. This lat- ter bed is exposed at the east end of the Lehigh Valley Railroad cut 1 mile east of the village of Victor, and also in the bed of Mud creek near the Lehigh Valley Railroad bridge and at Fredon or East Victor. The more productive development of the gypsum in- dustry in this region however is in the territory just east of the quadrangle in the town of Phelps, where for more than 70 years it has been produced on a large scale, though the production has now notably fallen away. : Bertie waterlime This term, derived from Bertie township in western Ontario, is specially characterized by the abundant presence of the crusta- ceans Eurypterus, Pterygotus and Ceratiocaris. It consists chiefly, in the Canandaigua region, of hard dark impure hydraulic limestone in thick layers separated by thin seams of dark and ap-— parently carbonaceous matter. The rock weathers to a light brown or buff. Thickness 40 feet. The passage from the Camillus shales into these beds now termed Bertie waterlime is a very gradual one, the loss of gypsum being 3 r ; _ f 4 CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 9 replaced by the addition of alumina and carbonate of magnesia, so that the succeeding stratification becomes highly dolomitic. The distinguishing mark of the division as already noted, is the presence of merostome and phyllocarid crustaceans, which at- tained at this time their culmination of development. Along the creek for 10 rods below the bridge at East Victor are from 30 to 40 feet of hard compact dolomites with dis- tinct lines of sedimentation, having a characteristic clink and conchoidal fracture. The dark blue of the rock changes rapidly on exposure to a light, dark or ashen gray. The same horizon appears in the Lehigh Valley Railroad cut 1 mile east of Victor, though the exposure here is for only about 6 feet at the bottom, just over the Camillus shales. Eastward also in the adjoining quadrangle occasional exposures are seen. Remains of the crustaceans referred to are by no means as common here as at the well known localities to the west at Buffalo and to the east in Herkimer county but the horizon is doubtless the same, and segments, heads and appendages of these creatures are not un- common. With them is frequently found a Leperditia, probably L. alta Conrad and the brachiopods Whitfieldella laevis Vanuxem and Leptostrophiavaristriata Conrad. Cobleskill shale and dolomite This is a rather obscure representative of a formation which has recently been shown by the investigations of Hartnagel to ex- ‘tend without interruption from eastern New York to Buffalo and beyond. It is regarded as deposited soon after the close of the period of the Salina and it here consists of dark, hard shale and straticulate, impure limestone, succeeded by a thick bed of mas- sive dolomite, the top of the formation consisting of platten dolo- mites. The thickness ascribed to these beds is approximately 42 feet, of which 18 feet are assigned to the shale, 20 feet to the heavy dolomite and 4 feet to the platten dolomite on top. The section at East Victor exposes the massive beds of this horizon, immediately below the topmost layers constituting platten dolomite. In the high bluff on the east bank of the creek 10 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM in the rear of A. B. Cooper’s residence there are beds of dolomite which, aggregating 8 feet in thickness at the base, are succeeded by 15 feet of dark bluish shale and these are overlain by 6 feet of dolomite like that below. Overlying these layers and exposed for many rods in the bed of the creek is a mass of tough argillaceous limestone 15 feet thick that bears Stromatopora quite abundantly and seems to indicate a western continuation of the well known Stromatopora bed at this horizon in Onondaga county. It is dark brownish gray when freshly broken and usually takes on a darker tinge of brown for a time owing to the exudation of a minute quantity of petroleum but finally turns to a light yellowish drab. It contains many small aggre- gations of selenite crystals, and the boulders from it by reason of their peculiarly tough character have survived glacial transpor- tation and grinding and are strung in great numbers over the contiguous territory to the south, have many small cavities and a general scraggy appearance due to the weathering out of these crystals. A bed of shaly dolomite 4 feet thick is the highest member of the group. This appears in the west bank of the creek a short distance below a low fold 60 rods north of the New York Central Railroad bridge at Mertensia. There are several small exposures of these upper beds in this vicinity, the most extensive of which is in the section afforded in the Hog hollow or Great brook ravine on the west side of Boughton hill, where 25 feet of the top layers are well displayed. The two upper members appear 4 mile east of Fredon and have been quarried on the land of A. B. Cooper and Hiram Powell, and at the latter place there are the ruins of two limekilns where material from the Stromatopora layer was formerly burned and then hauled to Conover’s mill and ground for cement; there are several other abandoned kilns in the vicinity in which quicklime was once produced from the purer layers below. No other exposures of these beds have been observed in this western portion of Ontario county, but they are of more frequent occur- rence eastward, just beyond the line of the quadrangle and are there more freely worked and contain organic remains in greater es CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 11 number. The fossils occurring here, besides the Stromatopora, are Leperditia alta Conrad and L. scalaris Jones, Cyathophyllum hydraulicum Simpson, Spirifer -eriensis Grabau and Whitfieldella sulcata Vanuxem. Fragments of Kurypterus also occur at this horizon. DEVONIC General observations. The division line between the great Siluric and Devonic systems is very well marked here on account of the entire absence of the Helderbergian limestones, which, in the eastern part of the State, represent the incipient stages of Devonic _ deposition. There is good reason to believe that the uppermost Siluric beds which we have just considered were for a time ex- posed above water to the action of aerial decomposition and erosion before the later sediments were laid down on them. This has been found to be the case in Erie county, where the eroded | upper surface of the Cobleskill dolomite is overlain by a regular deposition of the following formations. Oriskany sandstone In eastern New York this formation takes on, in certain places, the character of an arenaceous limestone but it is an interrupted deposit in its course across the State from east to west, though in places tremendously abounding in fossils. At Oriskany Falls - and at Union Springs it assumes the character of a more or less friable whitish sandstone. The formation constantly thickens and thins, forming lenses, as in Cayuga county, sometimes 20 or more feet thick and then again thinning to actual disappearance. As it becomes thin it usually assumes the character of a hard com- pact quartzite composed of silicious grains cemented by a deposit of silica. Throughout western New York this thin bed frequently contains angular masses, evidently washed from the hydraulic limestone beneath and thus forms a breccia. In Ontario county the exposures of this rock are largely confined to the township of Phelps a few miles to the east of this quadrangle. From its uneven thickness and general appearance at this place and the fact that it fails entirely within a half mile on the east and a 12 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM mile on the west it would indicate here as elsewhere, that it was a deposit of a sand bar running out from the irregular coast line of the time. This deposit in the town of Phelps is the last of the len- tils which the formation assumes in western New York. It is 6 feet, 6 inches thick and consists of several distinct layers. In the upper part of the top layer there are many elongate rounded peb- bles and cobbles of black quartzite embedded in the light sandstone and the rest of the deposit is largely of coarse sand with a lumpy or slightly concretionary structure. In these outcrops the only evi- dence of fossils is the presence of a few obscure corals. On Mud creek 50 rods below the railroad bridge at Mertensia, there is an exposure of the same material but more quartzitic, containing the waterlime pebbles, the layer being 6 to 8 inches thick. In Phelps the sandstone was at one time quarried for firestone for use in the glass furnaces at Clyde. Onondaga limestone In general characier this important deposit is a compact, dark bluish gray limestone frequently carrying interbedded layers of chert nodules, the limestone itself being bedded in layers from & inches to 3 feet in thickness. It contains a large amount of carbonaceous matter, which appears on the surface of the layers and in the shale partings between them and discolors most of the strata, frequently giving them a decidedly black appearance. Tt is removed by gradual decomposition on exposure and the rock slowly assumes a very light bluish gray color. The chert or horn- — stone is usually nearly black and slightly translucent, but some- times lighter colored and bluish. It is very unevenly distributed in the beds in some of which it predominates and in others is entirely absent. The nodular layers in which it les are frequently continuous for long distances and owing to their resistance to de- composing agencies, old exposures of the beds and the innumerable boulders and fragments from them strewn over the region south of the escarpment formed by this formation, have a peculiarly ragged and scraggy appearance. At some of the outcrops one or more of the layers are shaly but only a small proportion of the formation is of this character and all of the remainder, wherever CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 13 the amount of chert is not too large, is compact and durable and exceedingly valuable as building stone and for the production of quicklime. If the chert is entirely absent the limestone is easily quarried and makes very handsome dark gray cut stone building material, and the cherty masses have been extensively worked for bridge abutments, canal locks, retaining walls and kindred pur- poses. This fermation covers a belt 1 to 3 miles wide across the towns of Mendon, Victor and Farmington and some exposures of the uppermost beds occur also in Canandaigua. The more striking outcrops of the rock and those which have long been most avail- able for exploitation are in the region just to the east, specially in the towns of Manchester and Phelps. In a general way it may be stated that at the base of the formation there are from 3 to 5 feet of limestone, very rich in corals and without any chert. The rest of the formation which attains a total thickness of about 120 feet has both chert and shaly layers scattered through the limestones at irregular intervals. In Farmington the lower beds crop out on the north side of the road leading from Manchester to Victor and have been extensively quarried, the stone used in the construction of the Erie canal locks at Macedon having been obtained from this locality. In the bed of Mud creek the base of the formation appears about 60 rods below the railroad bridge at Mertensia, in a low anticline, the axis of which crosses the stream diagonally. Here it rests on the Oriskany sandstone and the lower 5 feet are free of chert and are crowded with corals, the stratum being identical in character and appearance with the basal layer farther east. These layers are capped by a series of chert-bearing beds, together aggregating 5 feet in thickness. Above the bridge there is an extensive picturesque cascade and an exposure of 40 to 50 feet of the middle and upper beds, the outcrops extending though not continuously, 100 rods south of the cascade. The rock at this | place has been worked for construction stone. In the section along Great brook or Hog hollow at Victor the lower layers appear overlying the Oriskany and at this point tbe 14 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM rock was formerly quarried both for building stone and for burn- ing. In the ledges of the creek above the quarry are some of the higher cherty layers. For the most part however the formation is buried under the drift and from this point to the western limit of the sheet no other outcrop has been found. The higher layers of the limestone, lying with glaciated surface beneath the soil cap, are seen in the old Giddings quarry, now known as the Bacon quarry just to the east of the edge of the map. In general it may be said that this formation forms the most important repository of valuable building material within the region covered by the map, and furthermore in the harder chert layers is a convenient and inexhaustible source of road material not inferior in quality to the field stone that has been generally utilized in the county in recently constructed roads. Marcellus shale The term Marcellus shale has been generally applied in New York geology to a black and dark blue shale formation lying im- mediately on the Onondaga limestone. The lower boundary of the formation is always perfectly clear but not so with the upper, for the mass passes gradually into the lighter gray shales of the Hamilton group above. At Marcellus village, Onondaga Co., from which place the name is derived, only the lower layers of this black shale are well exposed and our observations both in that region and thence westward indicate the desirability of re- stricting the term Marcellus to these lower shales, which are typically exemplified in the original locality but are better delimited upward in Ontario county by the presence here of a limestone cap—the Staiford limestone. Using the term in this restricted sense the Onendaga limestone is overlain everywhere by black slaty shale with a few thin calcareous layers and rows of spheric calcareous concretions. The shales are highly im- pervious and argillaceous and withstand exposure so well that their outcrops are usually vertical or overhanging cliffs in a wee CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 15 region where there has been but little deep stream-cutting. - Owing to their rigidity they are highly jointed and rhomboidal, triangular and diamond-shaped slabs being characteristic of all _ surface exposures. It is difficult to estimate the thickness of this | bed but it appears, from comparison of outcrops here with the _ total thickness afforded by the Livonia salt shaft section where it was 43 feet with a slight tendency to increase eastward, to be about 50 feet. The actual contact of these beds with the underly- ing Onondaga limestone has not been observed, but the lowest out- crop of the formation on this quadrangle appears on the west side of the fill on the New York Central Railroad, just north of the cut near Padelford. The higher beds are well exposed in this same cut where they are densely black shales with some thin limestone layers. The same beds appear along Mud creek about a mile south of Mertensia. The distinctive character of this shale as an initial part of the beds which have heretofore generally been assigned to the Mar- cellus stage, is its uniformly bituminous nature and consequent dark color and its very small proportion of lime content except in the thin calcareous beds themselves. Stafford limestone The group of strata which have customarily been incorporated within the general term Marcellus shale embraced an interesting limestone layer, the presence of which was early noted by Pro- fessor Hall and which was termed by the writer some years ago Stafford limestone, on account of its high development at Stafford in Genesee county. This is a dark chocolate and somewhat nodu- lar limestone, very hard when fresh but breaking easily into angular fragments on exposure. We have shown in various pub- lications that this formation extends eastward with a diminish- ing thickness and we know that its last surface appearance is along Flint creek in the southwestern part of the town of Phelps, “Ontario co. Though not exposed to the eastward it is evident that the formation in slight thickness (it has a thickness of about 8 inches in Phelps) occurs as a thinning wedge through this area, 16 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM for the very characteristic blocks of this rock are quite freely scattered south of the line of outcrop and specially in the east bank of Mud creek. Two miles south of Mertensia the blocks are so common and in such a condition as to indicate very slight removal from place. | Cardiff shale The upper beds, heretofore generally included in the old term Marcellus and termed by Vanuxem the “ Upper shales of Marcellus” are finely shown in and about the village of Cardiff, Onondaga co. As we have restricted the former term, it seems best to adopt for the succeeding layers a name derived from these excellent exposures near the typical region, as in Ontario county they are nowhere seen to so good advantage. The Stafford limestone is overlain by a series of dark caleare- ous and black slaty shales with thin layers of fossiliferous — limestone. Both limestone and shales weather to a light ashen eray on long exposure. So far as the fossil contents are con- cerned they are not essentially unlike those of the darker shales below but the gray aspect of the beds and their much higher calcareous content indicate a distinctive difference, which is readily marked throughout this region. Outcrops of these lay- ers are again very few. The best of them is in the bed and sides of Mud creek at its confluence with Shaffer creek in the north- eastern corner of the town of East Bloomfield. They are also’ exposed in the upper part of the railroad cut section just south of Padelford station. Directly over the line of the quadrangle to the east is an exposure on the east bank of the Canandaigua outlet below Chapinville, and here some of the harder layers were at one time quarried for flagstone and used in the village of Canandaigua but they proved to check very rapidly under exposure and wear. Fora quarter of a mile this exposure is continued in the bank of the outlet. At no exposure is the entire thickness of this bed revealed. The heaviest mass of material shown at any one place is in the section on Flint — creek just south of Phelps, Ontario co., where there lie on top of the Stafford limestone about 50 feet of these shales, the cal- CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 17 careous material increasing toward the top though the dark shales predominate throughout. The gradual increment of lime content makes the. passage from this bed into that following essentially imperceptible, but there are accompanying notable distinctions in the composition of the fauna. Taking into ac- -eount a proper allowance for dip it is estimated that the thick- ness of the Cardiff shales is here about 100 feet. Skaneateles shale This term was applied by Vanuxem to the beds immediately overlying the upper Marcellus; and exposed on both sides of Skaneateles lake at the north end. They are evidently con- tinuous into the Canandaigua area without essential contrac- tion or change and hence the early term is now employed for them rather than the designation Shaffer shale incidentally used in a recent tabulation of these formations. With the in- crease in calcareous matter ihe shales become hard, blue black, _ in places quite black, passing into light and softer beds above with layers of soft impure limestone. For a thickness of 125 feet this shale bed keeps its distinctive characters across the Can- andaigua sheet though the distinction is based on comparatively few exposures. These deposits are exposed in the bed of Mud creek south of the highway bridge near the junction of Shaffer creek, } mile north of Wheeler and also along Shaffer creek at 4 to ? mile south of Wheeler. A slight exposure of the black shales is also shown in a small drainage section just below the Robertson quarry adjoining the New York Central Railroad on - Fort hill in the eastern part of the village of Canandaigua. They are shown in nearly full strength in Miles gully in the town of Hopewell, just east of the east line of the quadrangle. Canandaigua shale Including the Centerfield limestone at the base Two terms which have become ingrained by long usage in the nomenclature are the Hamilton group and the Ludlowville shales. _ The former, introduced by Vanuxem in 1840, was at no time em. q 18 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ployed by the original state geologists in any other form and it is evident that the significance here of the term group is its refer- ence to the variability of the strata in the typical Madison county sections where they are sandstones, arenaceous and argillaceous shales, not a composition of defined lithologic units. In other words the term is used with the same breadth of meaning as other unit terms of the series and not as the word was subsequently em- ployed in the final reports of the geologists nor in the widely dif- ferent sense made use of by Dana and generally current. The division was clearly defined and its place in the series is precisely that ascribed to the Ludlowville shales in the Cayuga lake section as was defined by Hall in 1839. Ludlowville was not altogether well chosen as exemplifying the latter division, for the Tully lime- stone is present in the village and the Moscow shales beneath; one must go afield to find the true Ludlowville strata, but it is evi- dent that Professor Hall’s conviction at that early day that these were the representatives of the Ludlow shales of Eng- land, influenced his choice of name. We would reject neither name in favor of the other. Each expresses essentially the same interval but a differing series of sediments and some marked distinction in fauna. Each will be found to have a definite meridional value. Hence further west and in the area here under consideration we find still other differences ex- pressed in this interval both lithologic and faunal and are constrained to express these by the terms employed above. The Canandaigua shale is constituted of soft, dark bluish and gray calcareous shales with impure limestone beds at the | bottom, and irregularly nodular calcareous beds abounding in corals toward the middle of the formation. This is a highly fossiliferous mass and its distinction from the beds beneath lies not alone in the nature of its lithologic character, but essentially in the abrupt manifestation of the highly profuse and typical Hamilton fauna. The Skaneateles and Cardiff shales have been regarded as a kind of transition deposit from the typical bituminous Marcellus shales indicating the gradual approach and encroachment of normal Hamilton CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 19 conditions together with the advance of the Hamilton fauna. The estimated thickness of the Canandaigua shale is about 125 feet. It is excellently exposed along Shaffer creek immediately south of the exposure referred to above and about _a mile north of the village of Centerfield. At this locality the | lower calcareous layers and the shale overlain by the coral beds are admirably exposed and have been a most prolific _ source of fine fossils. These beds also appear within the village of Canandaigua, there being exposures of the impure calcareous beds on east Gibson street at the now abandoned Maggs quarry and also in the more recently opened quarry on the - Robertson property south of the Chapinville road. Here the beds, when fresh, are a fairly compact limestone but their _ schistose character soon checks them on exposure, and they have never proved a satisfactory construction stone. They are however enormously prolific in corals and represent the coral reef better exposed on Shaffer creek. It is probable that beneath them lie the shaly beds, but the limestones which Jie near the: - bottom on Shaffer creek and which are of more compact char- acter, though somewhat more argillaceous' in composition, may prove to be absent here. Below the Robertson quarry, to the New York Central Railroad tracks, is a small drainage way which gives indications of the underlying beds down to the blue black Skaneateles shale. The exposure however is not sufficiently _ clear to demonstrate the presence of the limestone beds referred to. If they are here they would serve as a more substantial building _ stone for rough purposes such as foundations and cellar walls, than the stone above, that is now or has been worked for this _ purpose. These lower limestones, which are specially character- _ ized by their fossil contents and have produced some species which _ have not been found elsewhere, have been designated in a sub- | 4 : Sidiary sense as the Centerfield limestone. The upper beds of the Canandaigua shale outcrop on the east shore of Canandaigua lake at Cottage City and in the ravine of Gage’s creek and Deep run. On the west side of the lake the shale beds are well shown in the cliffs between Tichenor and Men- 20 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM teth points below the Tichenor limestone, and from Tichenor point northward there are several small outcrops along the side hill as far as Hope point and over the region to the west- ward; lying just at the lower declivity of the rise of land the rock appears where the drift mantle is thin. This mass of sediments is probably equivalent in part to the Ludlowville shales of Hall, but at Ludlowville a limestone called by Hall the Encrinal limestone was taken as a line of division between the shale masses, the upper being called the Moscow and the lower the Ludlowville. It is yet to be determined whether that Encrinal limestone is continuous with the Encrinal or Tichenor limestone of the section under consideration and for the present we can not employ here the name Ludlowville with entire security. Hence the term Canandaigua shale is employed on behalf of more accurate, though perhaps provisional expression. Tichenor limestone his name is applied to a compact layer of hard bluish gray often crinoidal limestone which has a thickness of about 1 foot. It is separately designated for the reason that it is a continuous formation across this area and well to the east and west beyond it. It contains some of the characteristic fossils of the rock but they are not specially abundant and are frequently replaced by depo- sitions of strontianite. This rock has been commonly known as the Encrinal limestone, a name applied to it by Hall as long ago as 1839 and has been used by many writers in application to limestone layers lying at actually distinct horizons in these rocks, specially from the meridian here under consideration to Lake Erie. On comparison of this section with that on Cayuga lake where the Ludlowville shales were originally defined and the typi- cal exposure of the Encrinal limestone was located, it was found that there is no concurrence in the horizons indicated there and here by the same term. In view of the various limestone strata that have been referred to under this name and its extraordinarily frequent employment throughout all geologic formations with a great variety of stratigraphic meanings, it is best to abandon the CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 21 term altogether. At Tichenor point the limestone is exposed along the roadside at the opening of the ravine and it reappears on the shore of the lake just south of Tichenor point where it forms a low but well marked anticline cut off at one end by a slight displacement. Here it dips under the water and reappears at the north side of Menteth point forming a broad platform at the water level. These are the best outcrops of the formation known in Ontario county and the rock also appears slightly in the lower part of the Miles gully in Hopewell and on Flint creek south of Castle- ton. A limestone of similar character is exposed in the bed of Beebe brook, West Bloomfield, but it is not altogether certain that it belongs to this horizon. Moscow shale The Tichenor limestone is overlain by a mass of mostly soft, light bluish gray calcareous shales, becoming darker toward the upper part. Thin layers of limestone usually extending but a few rods and irregular calcareous lenses largely composed of fossils are of frequent occurrence. At the base of the mass lying im- mediately on the Tichenor limestone the shale is very compact and highly caleareous and breaks out in irregular slabs. This pertion of the deposit is very persistent over a wide area and is characterized by the abundance of crinoids which it contains in the most admirable preservation. Indeed this is the horizon which has furnished all the superior crinoid material from these rocks in this part of the State. It is this layer, which with the Tichenor limestone has in previous reports; specially the descrip- tion of the geology of Ontario county published by the writer, been designated as the Encrinal band. An exposure of this layer on the farm of Mr Sisson, not far from the village of Muttonville, now Vincent, in the northern part of the town of Bristol, afforded to the collectors of the State Museum in 1860, C. A. White and ©. Van Deloo, an immense amount of fine material, constituting the best preserved and most complete series of crinoid calyxes ever obtained from the rocks of this State. This exposure is 22 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM no longer accessible and appears to have been overgrown by vege- tation with the drying up of the brook. Seventy-five feet above the Tichenor limestone is another limestone layer lying in the midst of this shale mass. This is here designated as the Menteth limestone, and is worthy of special remark for sey- eral reasons. It is a well defined bench mark in these Moscow shales entirely across the map. AS a rock it isa compact layer about a foot in thickness and usually very pure but in places it proves to be quite argillaceous and nodular. It is a notable re- pository of the fossils of the fauna and these are very frequently replaced by silica with a degree of delicacy and perfection seldom equaled; perhaps not elsewhere in the paleozoic rocks of the State nor in rocks of ancient date from any locality known to the writer is this replacement so satisfactory to the student of the biologic problems of paleontology. The etching of the purer part of this Jayer has afforded a most beautiful series of the species of the fauna and as these are retained not alone in adult condition but from the earliest shell-bearing stage on, the ma- terial has already been the subject-matter of several important treatises on phylogeny, ontogeny and the systematics of different groups of organisms. We may refer to the papers of Beecher on the trilobites and on certain of the corals, to Grabau’s investiga- tion of the corals, to the writer’s publications on some of the brachiopods, ete. An indication of the delicacy of these replace- - ments is afforded by some of the shells of the brachiopod Produc- tella in which the hairlike spines on the body of the shell projecting for a length greater than the diameter of the shell itself, are preserved ‘without defect. This Menteth limestone forms the first falls in the ravine at Tichenor point and also in that at Menteth point. It and the shales beneath are well exposed in these places and the shales themselves specially along the shore of the lake between the two points. On the opposite or east side of the lake both shales and limestone are found in Gage creek and Deep run, and again on the east side from Menteth point southward to Foster point. Farther north is an exposure of the limestone and some of the underlying shales at Hope point ravine. ee ao ee te CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES oS The upper part of the Moscow shales is exposed on the east side of the lake in the Gage creek ravine where, about 50 feet above the Menteth limestone, a series of nodular layers of limestone 2 feet thick form a low cascade. Also in the ravines of Bennett’s landing, Gooding landing, Long point and along the lake road and shore to the Gorham-Middlesex town line. The same series is - displayed on the west side of the lake from 4 mile south of Black point northward to Foster point, and in the upper parts of the Menteth, Tichenor and Hope point gullies. They are shown in the bed of Shaffer creek 4 mile north of the Gooding schoolhouse near the western boundary of Canandaigua township and also in the Bristol valley in several small ravines on the east side be- tween South Bloomfield and Vincent, and in the lower part of the ravine on the east side of Baptist hill. Tully limestone Ontario county includes the westernmost and final appearance of this important, though relatively thin, rock formation. In the towns of Geneva and Seneca to the east and also in Gorham, except close on the shore of the lake, this limestone appears with constantly diminishing thickness, and its last appearance is in Gage creek about 40 rods east of the eastern boundary of the map. Here it is a bed of dark bluish gray, hard, brittle limestone and at _ its last exposure attains a thickness of 2 feet and 8 inches. Doubt- less the stratum extends a mile or more beyond this point to the southwest, as some loose blocks 8 inches thick, apparently but slightly displaced, lie in the bottom of the small gully at the side of the road leading eastward up the hill from Bennett’s landing. Eastward of this region and throughout central New York as far as Chenango county the Tully limestone is prominently developed and attains at its maximum a thickness of from 20 to 30 feet. On the Canandaigua sheet at all other exposures except those men- tioned, the Moscow shales beneath and the Gorham shales above are in contact or separated by lenticular discontinuous layers of iron pyrites from 10: to 50 feet on the edge and 1 to 4 inches in thickness, the material of which is very hard and in damp places is 24 NEW YORK STATE MUSBUM not affected by exposure but in cliff faces is usually disintegrated. This singular deposit is exposed in the ravines on the east side of the lake from Gooding landing southward to Fishers and in the shore cliffs to the Gorham-Middlesex boundary. On the west side from just south of Black point along the shore and northward in ravines at Grange landing, Victoria glen, Foster point and Men- teth point; also following the Moscow shales in the localities in the Bristol valley already cited. This layer of iron pyrites is con- ‘tinuous from this region westward to Lake Erie and indicates with striking persistence the horizon of the Tully limestone as a plane of division between the Hamilton group of formations be- neath and the Genesee above. The Tully limestone itself as exposed in Ontario county locali- ties to the east is a very dark bluish gray rock weathering at first to lighter shades of blue and after long exposure to an ashen gray. It is in two or three layers that are very hard and apparently compact when freshly quarried. On exposure the rock checks along irregular seams and develops a tendency to split into irregu- lar angular fragments an inch or two in diameter. It has been used for construction stone and at one time was burned for quick- lime near the village of Gorham. On Fish creek 14 miles directly east of Reed Corners, where the highway crosses a small brook, is an exposure showing 4 feet and 2 inches of the limestone, and this exposure seems to have been noted in the report by Professor Hall on the geology of this region in 1843, then regarded as the most westerly appearance of the rock. A more extensive exposure is shown however on lot 53, 1 mile southwest of Reed Corners where the north and south “ middle road ” crosses a small brook flowing — west into Canandaigua lake from a ravine about 40 feet deep and 50 rods long above the highway. Here the limestone forms a floor in the ravine for 2 rods and produces a cascade 8 feet high. The exposure continues for 10 to 12 rods on both sides of the gully and at the cascade the total thickness is 5 feet, 10 inches. Still another outcrop is found 2 miles south of the latter on the lake road from Rushville to Canandaigua near the residence of Mr Merritt Cole. This is the outcrop referred to as being near the j | CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 25 ‘eastern limit of this map and here the exposure shows not only ‘the black Gorham shales above but the soft Moscow shales beneath. It is separated by a thin shaly seam into two layers, and in the lower layer iron pyrites is highly abundant in nodules, probably representing the commencement of the pyrites layer, which from here westward is the sole representative of this formation. The ‘place of the Tully where the limestone is wanting and the pyrite layer not clearly apparent is always well defined by the sharp line of contrast between the gray Moscow shales beneath and ; the overlying black Gorham shales. , The Tully limestone, as has been recognized since the observa- tions by Conrad in 1836-37, is distinguished by the presence ’ of the species Rhynchonella or Hypothyris cuboides and the equivalency of this geologic horizon with the Cuboides ) zone of Europe has been a fact of general recognition for more than half a century. This fossil is very abundant in the outcrops in Ontario county but the rest of the fauna is essentially that of the underlying beds of the Hamilton group, specially the Moscow shale. We shall presently note in more detail that the fossils contained in the pyrite layer have all been singularly dwarfed by the unfavorable conditions of growth and are regarded as repre- senting stages of arrested development of Hamilton species, the characteristic Hypothyris cuboides not having been found therein. Genesee shale —_—— —- = ©.) = 6 al allel dees, hens eee eee ee _ This term was originally applied by Hall to a division on the _ Genesee river section consisting of very dark bituminous beds at the base becoming lighter colored and more sandy upward. The : highly bituminous beds are distinctly defined by their character and their definition at the top by the Genundewa limestone. It was clearly this excessively black mass of shale that it was in- tended to distinguish by the name Genesee and as it is. now im- portant to refine the subdivision of this series of sediments for more exact correlation, it is here proposed to restrict the term Gen- esee to this lower member only. Directly over the Tully limestone, or its horizon when absent, lies a mass of densely black bituminous shale becoming very q 2°26 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ~ fissile on exposure and splitting into large flat plates. Owing to their rigidity these shales are traversed by parallel series of joints intersecting each other at different angles and producing in cliff exposures striking masonry effects like buttresses and bastions and on the surface of horizontal exposure equally strik- ing tesselations, triangles, rhomboids, diamonds and kindred forms. Intermingled with these beds are well defined hori- zontal rows of calcareous concretions. Occasionally a thin plate of limestone is shown. The beds also contain iron pyrites in nodules and nodular layers. This mass at once recognized by its structural characters as indicated has a thickness of 95 feet and is terminated by the Styliola limestone or as here designated, the Genundewa limestone. All these shales are extremely sparse in fossils, more highly bituminous beds showing remains of plants and Conodont teeth, and where the beds become a little bluer and slightly calcareous are Lingulas and Orbiculoideas with Ptero- chaenia fragilis. : These strata are finely exposed all through the upper parts of the ravines on the east side of the lake from Gooding landing southward to Fishers and in the shore cliffs to Genundewa which lies at the base of Bare hill as it is termed on the map; on the opposite side of the lake in the shore cliffs from Hicks point north- ward to Black point, and in the lower part of the ravine at Seneca point and the upper parts of ravines back of Grange landing, Victoria glen and Foster point, and throughout most of the rock section in the Menteth ravine back of the village of Cheshire. In the Bristol valley the upper parts of all the ravines heretofore mentioned from South Bloomfield to Vincent and also at Baptist hill show these rocks. They appear as far north as the upper reaches of Shaffer creek near the western town line of Canan- . daigua, and west to Baptist hill along the valley of Beebe brook. Genundewa limestone A dark gray limestone in layers of from 2 to 10 inches in thick- ness separated by dark or black shale. Some of the layers are even and flaggy, others are concretionary and nodular. Where purest the limestone is almost wholly composed of the shells of eT ee ee a ee a a a pS ee ee ee Se ee eee Ss or: hme re CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 27 Styliola (Styliolina) fissurella and from that fact has taken the name of Styliola limestone, by which it has been _ generally known. The horizon is well marked and divides the mass of Genesee deposits into nearly equal parts in this section. It is a persistent stratum and has been traced to the east as far _ as Seneca lake and westward to Lake Erie. The character of this rock is well displayed at the typical outcrop on the shore of the lake at the foot of Bare hill or, as it should be termed, Genundewa. Here it consists of three layers of rather soft and slightly shaly limestone, the rock being impregnated throughout with myriads of the shells of Styliola; is highly bituminous and hence very dark when fresh. The lowest of these layers is 8 inches thick, the second, 7 feet higher, is 6 inches and the third, 6 feet above, 10 inches, making the total thickness of the entire band including _ the intervening shales, 15 feet. These layers increase in thick- ness westward, become less shaly and more nodular, and are event- ually consolidated. On account of the durability of this rock it is a permanent feature in all exposures of this horizon and as its peculiar character makes them easily recognizable the Genundewa limestone is important as a stratigraphic bench mark. The rock is of singular interest from a paleontologic point of view as will be noticed hereafter. Its calcareous nature being largely due to fossil remains it has afforded a fauna of consider- able scope. We find the best exposures of this limestone in the county in the cliffs north of Hicks point and in the Seneca point ravine where it produces the first cascade, also in the Victoria glen and Foster ravine and on the south branch of the Menteth brook where it produced the high cascade ? mile south of Cheshire. The point last named is the spot at which the rock was originally located by the writer, though specimens from it had been generally known to students for some time before. It is also displayed admirably at the mouth of the Wilder ravine at Bristol Center and in the ravine on the opposite side of the Bristol valley. In Mill creek or Mill gull in the town of Rich- mond there is an exposure several rods long in the bed of the stream and the limestones are well developed and highly fossili- ferous. 28 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM West River shale Fine, blue black or dark gray shales with thin bands of black slaty shale at intervals of 2 to 6 feet. Spheric or oblong con- cretions are common, occurring singly or in rows. A few thin, sandy flags occur in the upper part of the beds. These shales are contrasted with the Genesee shale below by their lighter shade and their much less bituminous character, for the most part being highly fissile and breaking out into thin, sharp but small laminae. The lighter parts of the mass are easily eroded, being tenuous and clayey and the streams that flow down the hillside have cut numberless narrow, deep gullies in them, the sides of which are steep slopes of slippery shale. The concretions in the shale are frequently highly characteristic and are the source of most of the very abundant specimens of these bodies which are found scattered over the region and have been collected by the residents on account of their curious forms, suggestive of turtles, human skulls, hats and various other rounded objects. They not infrequently carry fossils in much better condition than found elsewhere in the beds, and these fossils of the concretions are more in accord with the singular fauna of the Genundewa limestone than are those of the shales. In the shales organie re- mains are of more frequent occurrence than in the Genesee shales beneath but they are seldom abundant. This rock is shown in the lower part of all the ravines in the Middlesex valley north of the Goodrich gully. There is also a small outcrop by the roadside half a mile north of Rushville and along several small brooks in the southwest part of the town of Gorham. In the Snyder gully just above Woodville at the head of Canandaigua lake they are well shown, and also in the lake cliff at Woodville where their peculiar blocky structure, due to numerous joints, is finely displayed. The deeper parts of the ravines at Coye, Granger, Lapham, Cook and Hicks points and all of the other gullies between the head of the lake and Seneca point are in these shales; also the Seneca point ravine above the first cascade and the upper part of Victoria glen and Foster gully. Northerly exposures are also shown in CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 29 the bed of the creek at Cheshire. They enter largely into the composition of the lake wall on the east side from Genundewa : south to Woodville, but here the rock exposures are extensively “Te — we ore overgrown. In the Bristol valley they are displayed in the large : ravine of Wilder creek and from there southward in the Reed and Packard ravines and in several other smaller gullies on both sides of the valley. The south branch of Beebe brook in the northwest corner of Bristol township flows through a small " gully cut in the shales of this horizon, and in the town of Rich- - mond the rocks are exposed in the cliffs of Mill gull. Here, a short distance above the outcrop of Genundewa. limestone, the cliff walls are handsomely banded by alternating layers of black beds recurring among the blue gray layers. Standish flags and shales Thin, uneven, bluish gray flags and olive shales. This is a thin bed of rocks probably not exceeding 15 feet in thickness, but it has seemed entitled to distinctive designation because it marks a transition from the argillaceous shales of the West River beds into the arenaceous sedimentation, characterizing _ for the most part, the mass of the Portage strata. The beds were originally designated by the writer “ transition shales ” in - recognition of the fact referred to. It is not a persistent deposit for any great distance from the region immediately under con- sideration. The mass, thinning out toward the west, disappears altogether in the Genesee valley and by its absence the over- lying bed of black shales (Middlesex shales) is brought directly on the West River beds. The beds show some difference from those below in faunal content. Exposures are seen in the locali- ties already mentioned where the outcrops are sufficiently con- tinuous, specially in the Middlesex valley in the ravine 50 rods north of the Lee schoolhouse and in other ravines at the north to Middlesex Center, and on the west side of the valley in the Goodrich gully running up into South hill and ravines to the north; in the Canandaigua lake valley, in the Standish gully and the ravines from Woodville to Cook point, and in the upper 30 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM reaches of the ravines farther north; in Bristol hollow near the lower part of the Randall gully and also in the Reed and Wilder ravines. Middlesex black shale It has been customary to regard the Genesee group of strata as closing with the foregoing and to place the Middlesex shale at the base of the Portage series. This Middlesex shale is a very black, somewhat slaty shale with thin arenaceous gray flags in the upper and lower portions. When Professor Hall introduced the desig- nation Genesee shale for the black shales in the Genesee river sec- tion, he expressed the opinion that eventually it might be found advisable to include them within the limits of the Portage forma- tion. We have shown that on paleontologic grounds this is neces- sary, and it is clearly apparent that the geologic character of the deposit shows that the Genesee black shales are but an intro- ductory phase of Portage sedimentation repeated in the Middle- sex and Rhinestreet bands. The Middlesex shale attains a thick- ness of 35 feet where fully exposed in the Middlesex valley and decreases westward to 25 feet in the valley of Honeoye lake, just beyond the west line of these maps. Fossils are of great rarity. Plant remains occur in the shales, and these have also afforded a single specimen of the goniatite Sandbergeroceras syngonum. Occasionally a char- acteristic lamellibranch of the Cashaqua shales above appears in the gray flags of the lower beds. This mass of black shale is con- tinuous westward to Lake Erie but it decreases gradually in thick- ness till on the Lake Erie shore at the mouth of Pike creek there are but about 6 feet of it remaining. The rock is well exposed in the Middlesex valley in most of the ravines between the Lee schoolhouse and the village of Middlesex. It is seen on the road- side on the east side of the swamp at the head of the lake and in the Canandaigua lake valley by the road 14 miles south of Woodville, also on the road leading west at the head of the lake and in the Standish, Coye, Granger, Lapham, Cook, Hicks point and Seneca point ravines, by the side of the Academy road 1 mile south of Cheshire. In the Bristol valley it may be observed in CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 31 all the ravines already mentioned and in the Hamilton gully, Mill j gu" and Jason gull in the valley of Honeoye lake. | Cashaqua shale This name was introduced by Professor Hall for the characteris- tic olive gray shales with occasional flags and sandstone as devel- _ oped along the Cashaqua creek, a confluent of the Genesee river. _ As these beds are continuous from that point eastward to the area ' under consideration the term is completely applicable here. _ In this area this mass of shales attains a thickness of about 230 7 feet, and is mostly bluish gray and olive shale with a few thin dark _ layers and with two bands of thin sandstone and numerous flags _ in the lower part. Calcareous concretions and discontinuous con- eretionary layers occur in the upper part. Asa whole the deposit in Ontario county is more arenaceous and less calcareous than _ that in the Genesee river section. In the lower 75 feet the more _ sandy beds are rarely fossiliferous, showing occasional lignites and frequently the object termed Fucoides graphicus. At _ about the middle of the series the shales become softer, and here the characteristic fauna of these Portage rocks is typically devel- oped with numerous goniatites, Bactrites and lamellibranchs of i _the genera Buchiola, Lunulicardium, Ontaria etc. The character of this fauna is referred to in a subsequent paragraph. Above these more highly fossiliferous beds is a band of compact sand- stone and hard shales which is succeeded by 57 feet of soft, blue and olive clay shales, characterized by nodular structure due to 4 irregular concretions of lime carbonate of small size. Six feet above the sandstone is a singular concretionary limestone which is continuous in character, attains a thickness of about 6 inches and is a mass of red and greenish kramenzel abounding in gonia- tites and Orthoceras. This layer is so distinctive, both on account of its color, its contents and its composition that it is here desig- nated as the Parrish limestone. It appears first on the western boundary of _ the Naples valley and is continuous from there eastward as far as Big stream and Glen Eldredge on Seneca lake. Its place in B32 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM the succession is apparently indicated in the western part of the quadrangle by a row of fossiliferous spheric concretions which appear in the Bristol and Honeoye valleys. The Cashaqua shale, flags and calcareous beds constitute the principal situs of the fauna of the rocks and their exposures can be studied to best advantage in the admirable outcrops on the east side of the Naples valley, specially in the great Parrish gully at Parrish, the Caulkins gully and other small ravines cutting back into Hatch hill. The rocks are also shown in the face of Hatch hill behind the fair-ground and southward. The west side of this valley also affords some admirable exposures as in the Lincoln gully and thence northward on the western slope of Canandaigua jake in scores of ravines and gullies and along the dugway roads as far north as Cheshire. They are also displayed in the upper parts of all the gullies in Bristol -Center southward to nearly the end of the valley and along Egypt brook and its various branches in South Bristol and also in the upper part of Jason gull. In the Honeoye lake valley the decreasing proportion of the arenaceous layers toward the west is noticeable, the shales becoming more calcareous and concretionary. The Briggs and Hamiiton gullies near the west line of the map in the Honeoye valley afford particularly favorable outcrops for study. Nearly all the Cashaqua shales are to be seen under specially favorable conditions along the Whetstone brook west of Honeoye village from the Livonia road to the falls at the Devil’s Bedroom. LEast- ward of Naples they are found in Italy hollow at the mouth of the ravine which crosses the road at the Big Tree schoolhouse. In the Middlesex valley they are well seen in the Clark and Mower gullies and also in the Lee, Goodrich and other small ravines farther north toward Middlesex Center. In fact in these high lands of the southern part of the map wherever the relatively thin drift mantle has been transected by streams these beds are brought to light. Rhinestreet black shale Black slaty shale with a small proportion of blue shale and oc- casionally thin but lenticular sandstones. Thickness 18 feet on the eastern boundary of the quadrangle increasing to 30 feet at CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 33 _.the western. This tendency to increase westward is manifested : . beyond the area of the map, for we find the bed to be continuous from here to Lake Erie, where its thickness is more than 200 feet. It may be traced eastward to Seneca lake, where its thickness is but 1 foot. The rock is essentially devoid of organic remains with the excep- _ tion of fragments of plants, specimens of Spathiocaris, teeth of Conodonts and a few small Lingulas. These rocks are to be seen.in Italy hollow in the ravine already referred to near the Big Tree schoolhouse, in the Naples valley at the foot of Hatch hill near the salt well, on both sides of the Naples and Middlesex val- leys to Middlesex Center,and on the north side of Genundewa. The formation takes its name from the exposure on the road running from Naples to Seaman hill, on the west side, which is known locally as Rhinestreet and along which there are constant expo-— sures of this formation. They may be seen also in the upper part of all the large ravines on the west side of Canandaigua lake to the iron bridge over the Foster gully, 2 miles south of Cheshire; in the Bristol valley in the ravines on both sides as far north as Bristol Center and about 4 mile north of Boswells Corners; in the Honeoye valley in all the ravines between the Hancock farm and the foot of the lake. Hatch shale and flags Blue and olive shales with frequent thin layers of black shale and thin sandstones. The sandstones become more frequent and thicker in the upper part of the formation; the lower layers carry very Symmetric calcareous concretions from 2 inches to 2 feet in diameter. This mass immediately overlying the Rhine- street black shales, or the second black band of some of our reports, attains a thickness of 290 feet and its resistant char- acter, due to the presence of many layers of hard sand- Stone and flags, is the fundamental cause of the highlands on the Naples quadrangle. These beds are equivalent in part to the Gardeau beds of Hall in the Genesee valley section, but there are reasons for not applying the latter term in the Naples meridian as it can not be employed with exactitude. 34 . NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM These upper beds occasionally carry the fossils of the Casha- qua shale, but in no place are they of frequent occurrence except - occasionally in replaced condition in the calcareous concretions. Toward the more sandy middle and upper portions of the series plant remains are not infrequent and from these beds has been — obtained a. Lepidodendron of commanding proportions, taken from a horizon at the mouth of Grimes gully, Naples, 74 feet above the Rhinestreet shales. The specimen when taken out measured 15 feet in length from the root upward. Exposures of these beds are found throughout the Naples valley and constitute the entire lower part of Hatch hill, in the Tannery gully just south of Naples and in the Grimes gully on the west side, also in the higher parts of the Caulkins, Parrish, Hoecker and Lincoln gullies and in all accessible ravines of the - Naples and southern parts of the Middlesex valley. Along Can- andaigua lake they are seen in the upper parts of the deeper ravines on the west side, south of the Academy tract, in Bris- _ tol valley in the upper parts of all the ravines between Boswells Corners and Bristol Center and in the Honeoye valley just west of the sheet between Hunts hollow and the Briggs gully. Grimes sandstone Compact or laminated, light bluish gray sandstones in layers 4 inches to 3 feet thick, separated by hard, blue gray shales. In the vicinity of the Tannery gully, 4 mile south of the village of Naples, a part of the sandstone is highly calcareous owing ~ to the presence of masses of molluscan shells, mostly in comminuted condition. Thickness about 50 feet. In the face of the precipice at the third falls of the Grimes gully and ex- posed in the escarpment on the east side of the ravine 10 feet above the water, is a thin layer of soft shale which has been found to contain Buchiola retrostriata, Mantieo ceras pattersoni, Bactrites and other typical members of the Naples fauna. This is its highest appearance in this sec- tion. Twenty-four feet higher and 9 feet below the crest of the falls occurs the Grimes sandstone which bears a brachiopod fauna with Liorhynchus, Atry pa. reticularis, Productella, CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 35D Ambocoelia, Leptostrophia mucronata, etc.; the first appearance of this fauna in this section and to be re- r garded as an incursive appearance of the Ithaca fauna lying farther to the east. This formation lies 599 feet above the base of the Middlesex black shale and this is the thick- ness to be ascribed to the Portage formation in this merid- jan as formerly defined. In the Tannery gully on _ the east side of the Naples valley the upper beds have afforded a : number of singular organisms associated together but not con- ; curring with species of the characteristic Naples fauna. These are specially noted elsewhere and consist of the fossil Parop- sonema, believed to be an aberrant echinoid, some forms of _ annelids described as Protonympha and Palaeochaeta, also a large Orbiculoidea, some strange and undescribed linguloids, etc. The division occurs also at the Naples reservoir, in the escarpment on Hatch hill, in the Caulkins gully and the quarry near it, at the top of the dugway on the Hunts hollow road, in the road near _ Freeds and along the hillside northward to Rhinestreet, also near the Muck place on Seaman hill and in the small ravine near ! the Gardner property, 2 miles north of Bristol Springs. In Bristol hollow it appears in the upper parts of the Randall and . Reed gullies and on the north side of Worden hill; in the Honeoye valley on the hillside above E. Alger’s property and _ northward to the upper part of the Briggs gully. | West Hill flags and shale _ Light bluish gray sandstones or flags from 2 to 12 inches thick, : separated by beds of dark blue, olive or black shale. The sand- _ stones are sometimes quite calcareous owing to the presence of crinoid stems and other fossils usually in fragmentary condition. Thickness 550 feet. This heavy mass of arenaceous deposits like the Hatch beds below is partially equivalent to the Gardeau Series of Hall as developed in the Genesee valley. It has however undergone a change faunistically, and remains of the Naples fauna are now no longer seen, though the rocks contain fossils in some measure ; but these are largely brachiopodous and indi- cate continued presence of the Ithaca fauna. The sandstones are we he 36 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM quite sharply distinguished from the Grimes sandstones below on account of their thinner bedding and bluish color. This divi- sion is exposed in Italy hollow at the south end along Flint creek and in the Italy gully, in the Naples valley in the Tannery gully and Grimes gully. It is found on the south side of the road leading easterly across Deyo basin, 2 miles south of Naples, 5 or 6 rods from the Ingleside road and near the foot of the hill. Here it is an isolated exposure and its stratigraphic position can not be ascertained with precision. It is however not far from 100 feet above the top of the Grimes sandstone. At this spot it has produced a number of interesting fossils; Hydno- ceras tuberosum, H. variabile, Ceratodictya ecineta, MHysteracanthus, Spirifer mesacostalis, Atrypa hystrix, Productella, Ambocoelia etc. The same horizon is found near the residence of Charles S. Sutton on the north side of the road leading from Naples to West hollow and here also brachiopods are found. The same beds are seen on the lands of the Pottle estate, 14 miles north of the last named ex- posure. One of the sandstones here contains fossils in great abundance, principally of the same species as found in the Deyo basin and on the West hollow road. A survival of the Naples fauna is notable here in the presence of the species Manticoceras oxy. In the road leading northward on the top of Worden hill a ledge of sandstone is exposed on both sides that contains masses of brachiopods. This locality is about 1 mile north of the south line of Bristol township. On Hatch hill are outcrops in the lower part of the so called Three Cornered clearing near the top. The rocks are also seen at the upper end of the Hoecker and Lincoln gullies and on the hill north of the Seaman schoolhouse, and in many small ravines on the sides of High point, Frost hill and Gannett hill. They are also the sur- face rock over the principal part of the town of Canadice to the west of the sheet and extend over the tops of the ridges on both sides of the Bristol valley for a mile or two into the town of Bristol. CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 37 Highpoint sandstone 4 Light gray sandstones in layers from 3 inches to 4 feet in thickness separated by thin beds of hard blue shale. Some of the layers of the rock are compact and calcareous but the larger portion is laminated and sometimes shaly. Lenticular beds of impure limestone composed of crinoid stems and other fossils cur at High point and other outcrops. These sandstones are thinner and softer toward the east. Thickness 100 feet. These beds are nowhere sufficiently exposed to admit of detailed exam- ir ation of the entire series and the upper and lower contact, but 50 to 75 feet of the formation project in the cliff at the south end of High point at an elevation of 1850 to 1925 feet A. T., and the talus that covers the strata at the base of the hill is rincipally composed of fallen slabs and blocks of the sandstone. In structure, texture and general appearance they differ from he Grimes sandstone only in being somewhat coarser and weath- ring to a lighter color but they likewise differ notably in their fossil contents. Fucoides verticalis, which is not seen in the lower rocks, is common throughout these beds. The most iking feature of this exposure consists of an irregular stratum f calcareous sandstone and conglomerate 7 feet thick where thickest and thinning out gradually around both sides of the hill. This is a mass of brachiopods, corals and crinoid stems cemented into a hard, compact layer that resists the effects of weather and at one place projects 12 feet beyond the soft sandstone beneath it. Several fallen slabs of this calcareous layer 10 to 15 feet across are to be seen at the foot of the escarpment and many others ave been broken up and utilized in the construction of fireplaces a the pioneer days and later in the arches of furnaces beneath steam boilers, its resistance to the disintegrating effect of heat making the “ High Point firestone” highly esteemed for these jurposes in this locality. It has, however, now fallen into lisuse. This highly fossiliferous layer is about 50 feet below e top of the sandstone. In it a well defined Chemung fauna vith Spirifer disjunctus occurs together with species 38 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM which were originally described from the upper Devonic beds of Iowa, and attention is here directed to a more complete state- ment of the fossil contents of these beds in a subsequent para- graph. The rock is not exposed on the south or west sides of the depressions that isolate High point, though calcareous layers | of somewhat similar character occur at about the same horizon in the cliff on the northwest end of Knapp hill and also in the escarpment near Mr J. Eldridge’s residence on the road from Garlinghouse to Atlanta. Hard, dark shales and thin sandstones come in again at the top of the High point bluff and are slightly exposed in the fields above put no fossils were observed in them and nothing but their position distinguishes them from those pelow. On the south side of the Naples valley the Highpoint beds appear in some isolated outcrops on the north slope of Pine hill and in the bluff on the west side of Knapp hill and the thick sandstones that form the escarpments above the talus in the vicinity of McClarie’s quarry on the dugway road just east of North Cohocton are in the same horizon, but the rock here is almost barren of fossils. They are also to be seen in Lyons hol- low by the side of the road leading east, 2 miles south of Ingleside; in the upper part of Italy gully and on the tops of Worden and Gannett hills. Careful stratigraphic work has determined that the Highpoint sandstone is continuous with the original Portage sandstones of the Genesee valley, which in Professor Hall’s sec- tion -capped the Portage section there. It has also been pointed out that while these horizons are stratigraphically continuous the fauna is very different in the two sections. The Portage sandstones still carry the Naples fauna, while in the Naples region that fauna has long before this date been extinguished by the appearance, first of the Ithaca, then of the Chemung fauna from the east. | Prattsburg sandstone and shale In the lower part of this division the sandstones are mostly olive-gray, rather soft and schistose or in thin even layers, and the shales are in part soft and blocky, similar in appearance to the Cashaqua shales. Layers of blue, olive and black shales occur. CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 39 Thickness from 200 to 225 feet. These beds lie in the horizon of the Wiscoy shales of the Genesee river section, which are beds there overlying the Portage sandstones but still carrying the Portage fauna though somewhat modified in character. There also they are overlain by strata carrying the Chemung fauna which appears first at Long Beards riffs with Spirifer disjunctus. The upper part of the Prattsburg beds in the Naples region are light bluish gray sandstones, usually in lentils and compact or uneven layers. The interstratified shales are mostly blue and hard, but black and slaty layers occur frequently. These beds have a thickness of 300 to 400 feet in the higher land of the southern part of the quadrangle. The lower portion, or the equivalent of the Wiscoy horizon, is exposed in a small outcrop on the road leading from Marsh’s Corners southward up Pine hill near the top, and a mile still farther east on the road leading from Ingleside to Lent hill is another exposure in approximately the same horizon, from which Manticoceras oxy has been obtained. Whitney’s quarry on the southwest side of Pine hill, which has produced a large amount of flagstone laid for sidewalks in the village of Naples and adjoining towns, is in this horizon. It is exposed also along the dugway road leading up Lent hill - southwest from Ingleside near the road on the east side of Pine , hill, in the Woodworth quarry 2 miles south of North Cohocton, on Lent hill in the ravine west of the Wheaton farm, in the upper part of the Italy gully, and by the roadside 2 miles north of Prattsburg. The upper beds are seen in the Wheaton quarry on the hill south of Atlanta, by the roadside in several places in the vicinity of Lent Hill church and in numerous small outcrops - on the high ridge between the Prattsburg valley and Lyons hollow. 40 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM SUCCESSION OF FOSSIL FAUNAS Camillus shale We know of no traces of organisms in these deposits except an occasional ostracode shell (Leperditia) and a trail made on the soft mud by such an organism. The sediments were laid — down in a sea too shallow and too strongly saturated with brine and alkalis to encourage the existence of life. Bertie waterlime The fauna of these beds is that peculiar association of crusta- ceans which has made this horizon one of the most interesting in the entire series of the New York formations. Occasionally in the outcrops and more freely in the loose blocks of this rock scattered over the country south of the line of outcrop, are specimens of Eurypterus remipes Dekay and Cerat- iocaris acuminata Hall, with abundant Leperditias, Lingulas and an occasional Orbiculoidea. Westward of this region specially in the exposure in the quarries of the Buffalo Cement Co. at Buffalo, and eastward in the towns of Sauquoit and Litchfield, Herkimer co., these crustaceans with others are found in great abundance and perfection, but in the intervening region they have thus far proved of rarer occurrence. The fauna of these merostome crustaceans is widely known as one marking the closing stages of Siluric time through northern latitudes on both hemispheres. Cobleskill shale and dolomite The fauna here is sparse but indicative of the relation of the horizon to its more typical eastward outcrops. The list of species at present known is: : Hurypterus, occasional fragments Spirifer eriensis Grabau Leperditia alta Conrad Cyathophyllum hydraulicum Simp- L. scalaris Jones son Whitfieldella suleata Vanurem Oriskany sandstone This rock carries no fossils in this district. At Union Springs, Cayuga co. is the nearest point where the characteristic fauna of the arenaceous deposits is developed with Spirifer are- r) Maen 4 __— - '. —- i © CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 41 nosus Conrad, Hipparionyx proximus Vanuxem, Meristella lata Hall, Chonostrophia compla; nata Hall, etc. A few imperfect fossils have been found in the outcrops on Flint creek near Phelps Junction but mostly when the rock takes on the form of a thin quartzite or breccia as here it is devoid of fossils. Onondaga limestone Throughout the exposures of this rock fossils are abundant but they,are not easily obtained because of the difficulty in setting them free of the matrix. Experience has shown that the endeavor to acquire the remains from the unweathered exposures is for the _ most part fruitless as well as arduous except where there are shale _ masses intercalated between the limestone beds. The fauna is specially profuse in corals but the agglomerations of these or- ganisms which are seen in the lower beds of this district become immense coral plantations farther westward in the vicinity of Leroy, Genesee co. Nature has helped to solve the difficulties at- tending the extraction of these fossils by scattering over the county and through the soil southward innumerable blocks of this rock. ‘The corals are partially silicified in the bed and on exposure become more so and the dissolution of the calcareous matrix makes the occurrence of silicified corals of this formation extremely common over much of the region covered by this map. The layers of the limestone that are associated with and more or less impregnated by the chert, weather into all sorts of irreg- ular shapes according to the degree of dissemination of the lime throughout them and when this silicious rock has become thoroughly “ rotten,” that is, has lost all its lime, the silicious residuum retains with minutest precision the impressions of the organic contents. By the examination of such masses of rotten stone has the fauna in an important degree been made out, and an illustration of their significance is seen in the fact that these masses from Ontario county produced specimens of trilobites alone of which 55 drawings were made for the monograph of these organisms published as volume 7, Palaeontology of New York. In these weathered blocks students of this fauna will find their material in most suitable form for study; these will not however 42 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM contribute to a knowledge of the zonal distribution of the species. Of this condition we know little; probably variations in range are so slight that the effort to ascertain them would produce a result in no way commensurate with the labor involved. The student may expect to find in the Onondaga limestone of this district the following species: | Fishes Machaeracanthus peracutus New- berry M. suleatus Newberry Onychodus sigmoides Newberry Crustaceans Acidaspis callicera Hall & Clarke Beyrichia subquadrata Jones Bollia bilobata Jones Cyphaspis diadema Hall & Clarke C. hybrida Hall & Clarke C. minuscula Hall C. stephanophora Hall & Clarke Dalmanites aegeria Hall . anchiops Green . bifidus Hall . calypso Hall . coronatus Hall . diurus Green . myrmecophorus Green . pygmaeus Hall & Clarke . selenurus Conrad Eurychilina? reticulata Ulrich Leperditia cayuga Hall Lichas contusus Hall € Clarke L. dracon Hall & Clarke L. eriopis Hall L. gryps Hall € Clarke L. hispidus Hall & Clarke Moorea kirkbyi Jones _ Palaeocreusia devonica Clarke Phacops bombifrons Hall Sot OOS Oro P. cristata var. pipa Hall & Clarke Phaethonides gemmaeus Hall Clarke P. navicella Hall & Clarke Primitia clarkei Jones Proetus clarus Hall P. crassimarginatus Hall P. folliceps Hall & Clarke . microgemma Hall ¢ Clarke . ovifrons Hall & Clarke . Stenopyge Hall & Clarke . verneuili Hall & Clarke ro ho Pg bg Turrilepas cancellatus Hall € Clarke T. flexuosus Hall & Clarke Cephalopods Cyrtoceras citum Hall Gomphoceras absens Hall G. eximium Hall Gyroceras cyclops Hall G. laciniosum Hall G. matheri Conrad G. trivolve Conrad G. undulatum Vanuxem Orthoceras geneva Clarke O. inoptatum Hall O. profundum Hall O. sceptrum Hall O. thoas Hall Pteropods Hyolithus ceratophilus Clarke H. ligea Hall Tentaculites scalariformis Hall Gastropods Bellerophon curvilineatus Conrad B. pelops Hall Callonema lichas Hall Diaphorostoma lineatum Conrad D. turbinatum Hall D. unisuleatum Conrad EKuomphalus decewi Billings KE. laxus Hall Loxonema laxum Hall L. pexatum Hall L. robustum Hall L. sicula Hall Murchisonia intercedens Hall Naticopsis compacta Hall a, Se NHN NHN — = ee _Platyceras ammon Hall . argo Hall . carinatum Hall . concavum Hall crassum Hall cymbium Hall dentalium Hall dumosum Conrad erectum Hall . fornicatum Hall nodosum Hall perelegans Hall rectum Hall subrectum Hall undatum Hall leurotomaria adjutor Hall . delicatula Hall hebe Hall . lucina Hall . plena Hall . quadrilix Hall . unisuleata Conrad TN NNNNy : Strophostylus varians Hall Turbo shumardi de Verneuil Lamellibranchs _ Aviculopecten pectiniformis Conrad A. ignotus Hall _ Conocardium cuneus Conrad C. trigonale Conrad _ Cypricardinia indenta Conrad Limoptera pauperata Hall Lyriopecten dardanus Hall - Megambonia cardiiformis Hall Modiomorpha clarens Hall _ Nyassa elliptica Hall _Palaeopinna recurva Hall Panenka multiradiata Hall Paracyclas elliptica Hall _ Pterinopecten insons Hall P. undosus Hall Brachiopods _Amphigenia elongata Hall | Atrypa reticularis Linné Camarotoechia billingsi Hall C. inequiplicata Hall ©. royana Hall _C. tethys Billings Centronella glansfagea Billings _Chonetes acutiradiatus Hall ) 4 CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES RNRNRNRNNRNNRAMM 43 C. arcuatus Hall C. lineatus Hall Chonostrophia reversa Whitfield Coelospira camilla Hall Leptaena rhomboidalis Wilckens Leptocoelia acutiplicata Conrad Leptostrophia perplana Conrad Lingula desiderata Hall Meristella doris Hall M. nasuta Conrad M. scitula Hall Orthothetes pandora Billings Pentagonia unisulcata Conrad Pentamerella arata Conrad Productella navicella Hall FP. shumardiana Hall Rhipidomella lenticularis Vanuzxem R. semele Hall Schizophoria propinqua Hall Spirifer acuminatus Conrad . arctosegmentus Hall . disparilis Hall . divaricatus Hall duodenarius Hall . fimbriatus Conrad . gregarius Clapp macer Hall macrothyris Hall manni Hall . raricosta Conrad . varicosus Hall Stropheodonta ampla Hall s. concava Hall . demissa Conrad . hemisphaerica Hall . inequiradiata Hall . inequistriata Conrad . patersoni Hall S. textilis Hall Terebratula lens Hall RRNRRMR RN Crinoids Codaster pyramidatus Hall Cyathocrinus bulbosus Hall Edriocrinus pyriformis Hall Myrtillocrinus americanus Hall Corals Alveolites squamosus Billings Aulacophyllum princeps Hall Cladopora cryptodens Billings 44 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM C. laqueata Rominger C. labiosa Billings Cyathophyllum corniculum Edwards é& Haime C. juvenis Rominger Cc. robustum Hall C. validum Hall Cylindrophyllum elongatum Simpson Cystiphyllum scalatum Hall C. suleatum Billings Eridophyllum simcoense Billings Favosites canadensis Billings kK. emmonsi Rominger F. epidermatus Rominger F. tuberosus Rominger Heliophyllum annulatum Hall 1. cancellatum Hall H. exiguum Billings Michelinia cylindrica Hdwards € Haime : Pleurodictyum convexum d’Orbigny Ptychophyllum striatum Hall | Syringopora nobilis Billings S. perelegans Billings Zaphrentis complanata Hall ZA. fastigata Hall Z. gigantea Edwards & Haime | Z tabulata Hall F. hemisphaericus Troost Marcellus shale With the close of the limestone epoch there was jan abrupt change in the sedimentation, and here begins a new series of The Marcellus shale introduces black, carbonaceous and pyritous sedimentation, evincing a deepening of the waters and a foul bottom, over which but few forms of life prevailed and these depauperated in size and of very tenuous shell. All the species here found are the apparent proper accompaniments of such bionomic conditions; Liorhynchus limitaris, which puts in an appearance during this stage of the Devonic wherever the sediments become highly charged with bituminous matter; Chonetes mucro- natus, C.lepidus, Strophalosia truncata, Pleu- rotomariarugulata, Styliolina fissurella and Orthoceras subulatum also follow these conditions. sediments and very distinct aggregate of faunas. Occasionally members of the congeries have apparently dropped into the deposits from the higher and more prolific zone of life. The exposures at Padelford and along Mud creek have fur- nished the following: Orthoceras subulatum Hali.......<.€., G. mucronatus Hell. ....... eee r Styliolina fissurella Hall......... ee | Strophalosia truncata Hall....... ee Pleurotomaria rugulata Hall...... e | Liorhynchus limitaris Vanurem.. .ce Nuculites oblongatus Conrad....... c | L. multicosta: Hall: ......usaeeeeee r Chonetes lepidus Hall............. c -Cryphaeus boothi Green Cooo°o CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 45 : Stafford limestone We have shown in papers relating specially to this deposit! that its very extensive fauna is that of the Skaneateles, Canandaigua and Moscow shales in unusually favorable development. It was the first appearance in this region of that fauna, but for western New York as a whole, the second invasion of this Hamilton fauna from the west into the Appalachian basin. For a full account _ of the formation and its contents where best developed, refer- ence is made to the papers cited and to Elvira Wood’s discussion of the fauna of the Stafford limestone at Lancaster, Erie co. [ Bul. 49, p.189]. The absence of outcrops of the rock over the area of this map restricts the representation of its fauna to such species as are to be found in the loose blocks, but the fol- lowing is a list of the species which may be expected from the formation. Undetermined plates and scales of Gastropods fishes a : Platyceras attenuatum Hall orm Spirorbis Pp: pee ae Hall Crustaceans Cyrtolites mitella Hall Bellerophon lyra Hall Diaphorostoma lineatum Conrad Pleurotomaria lucina Hall P. rugulata Hall P. itys Hall P. capillaria Conrad P. sulcomarginata Conrad Loxonema hamiltoniae Hall Cephalopods Onychochilus nitidulus Clarke Nautilus liratus Hall N. cf. magister Hall Homalonotus dekayi Green Phacops rana Green C. boothi var. calliteles Green Proetus macrocephalus Hall Cyphaspis craspedota Hall & Clarke Primitiopsis punctulifera Hall Lamellibranchs Nephriticeras bucinum Hall Pterinopecten exfoliatus Hall Orthoceras subulatum Hall Actinopteria muricata Hall . aegea Hall Liopteria laevis Hall . marcellense Vanuxem Cypricardinia indenta Conrad . fenestrulatum Clarke Panenka mollis var. costata Hall . staffordense Clarke P. radians Conrad . eriense Hall Pterochaenia fragilis Hall Pteropods Brachiopods Tentaculites gracilistriatus Hall Terebratula lincklaeni Hall Styliolina fissurella Hall Cryptonella _ paaaaecloe Hall 'N. Y. State Geol. 8th An. Rep’t. 1889. p.60; and N. Y. State Mus. Bul. 49. 1901. p.130. 46 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM C. rectirostris Hall urthothetes chemungensis Conrad Camarotoechia sappho Hall O. arctostriatus Hall C. horsfordi Hall Rhipidomella vanuxemi Hall C. dotis Hall R. cyelas Hall C. prolifica Hall Crania crenistriata Hall C. pauciplicata Wood C. recta Wood Spirifer audaculus Conrad Craniella hamiltoniae Hall S. fimbriatus Conrad S. subumbona Hall Ambocoelia nana Grabau Meristella barrisi Hall Trematospira gibbosa Hall Bryozoans Hederella canadensis Nicholson H. cirrhosa Hall Reptaria stolonifera Rolle Strophalosia truncata Hall Blastoids Productella spinulicosta Hall “icleocrinus licie eee P. shumardiana Hall Chonetes mucronatus Hall Corals -C. scitulus Hall Favosites placenta Hall C. lepidus Hall Stereolasma rectum Hall Tropidoleptus carinatus Conrad Striatopora limbata Conrad Stropheodonta inaequistriata Conrad | Romingeria Leptostrophia perplana Conrad aulopora Cardiff shale The darker beds which chiefly comprise this mass bear but few traces of organic remains. Conditions here as in the Mar- cellus shale were not favorable to life. Its species are Orbiculoidea minuta Hall | Liorhynchus limitaris Vanurem The more calcareous and upper beds, which form blue black harder layers, show an addition of representatives from the constantly nearer zone of prolific life in the overlying shales. These have been taken from the beds at Chapinville and along Mud creek and are: Rhinocaris veneris Hall € Clarke. r | Styliolina fissurella Hall......... c Phacops Tana Green. vc vicwscetes » r | Pleurotomaria rugulata Hall..... c Orthoceras nuntioides Clarke..... r | Nuculites oblongatus Conrad..... c Gomphoceras mitriforme Clarke.. r | buchiola stuprosa Clarke......... r Bactrites Glayus FW ss. .chis acs ec | Pterochaenia fragilis Hall..... ray Tornoceras discoideum Conrad.... ¢ ' Strophalosia truncata Hall....... ¢ Skaneateles shale The fauna of these beds is very sparse, a few species charac- teristic of the black beds intermingled with some from the more calcareous beds above. As the mass represents essentially a CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 47 _ phase of transition from the condition of the black sediments to those of shallower and clearer water deposit, the fauna is also mixed and transitional. It contains: Phacops rana Green......-.+-++. rr | Chonetes setiger Hall..........-. ©€ Styliolina fissurella Hall........ ce | Spirifer mucronatus Conrad..... ¥ - Pleurotomaria rugulata Hall.... ¢ -Ambocoelia umbonata Conrad.... ¢ Lunulicardium curtum Hoall..... r Liorhynchus limitaris Vanuzem. € Nuculites oblongatus Conrad.... c¢ lL. multicosta PGE et dk oo eats e Canandaigua shale and limestone With these beds begins the profuse development of the cal- careous Hamilton shales. Though the rocks of this stage are treated as a unit on the map their faunas may be here con- sidered in two divisions, that of (1) the Centerfield limestones or the calcareous beds at the base, (2) the upper division or the Canandaigua shales. | 1 In the Centerfield limestones, best developed on Shaffer creek and underlying all the northern part of the village of Canandaigua, the following species have been noted: Worms | Cyrtolites mitella Hall MMMEUIIEVOM Cs cess en cccccecses r | Platyceras auriculatum Hall.... c¢ MEM oo oi vce coger cen cee r | P. symmetricum Hoall........... ¢c SO ong ose nine ob owen ces Pu Metis PG 2 as aiaivie Lo seein mag's a Spirorbis angulatus Hall........ ec | EF. subspinosum Hall Cornulites tribulis Hall......... r | Pleurotomaria itys Hall Crustaceans zs ynexe Hall Phacops rana Green...........- ce Li atSTeCls Be i eh aes : 4 : oxonema delphicola Hall Dalmanites boothi Green........ ce | Le haintlioulae Halt D. boothi var. calliteles Green... cc ‘ Proetus rowi Green..........-+- ce Lamellibranchs P. macrocephalus Hall Mytilarca oviformis Conrad..... e Cyphaspis ornata Hall Microdon bellistriatus Conrad CG. ornata var. baccata Hall & Conocardium crassifrons Conrad Clarke Cypricardinia indenta Conrad... ec C. craspedota Hall & Clarke Actinopteria decussata Conrad... ©€ Turrilepas devonica Clarke Aviculopecten princeps Conrad.. €¢ T. squama Hall & Clarke | Lingula leana Ha@ll..........06- r T. nitidula Hall é Clarke L. densa Hall T. foliata Hall & Clarke Crania crenistria Hall T. tenera Hall & Clarke Craniella hamiltoniae Hall...... c Schizodiscus capsa Clarke Rhipidomella penelope Hall..... c Gastropods Brachiopods Bellerophon pelops Hall R. vanuxemi Hall....... Se ee c 48 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Orthothetes arctostriatus Hall... ¢ Crinoids Stropheodonta concava Hall Platycrinus eboraceus Hall...... 5 S. demissa Conrad. ......+++.++. € | Megistocrinus ontario Hall...... r S. inequistriata Conrad......... e Pholidostrophia nacrea Hall..... c Corals Leptostrophia perplana Conrad Zaphrentis halli Hdwards ¢€ Chonetes coronatus Conrad..... re TT CANE os ain shai See st wipe te C. deflectus Hall Z. simplex Hall Productella navicella Hall Cystiphyllum varians Hall P. spinulicosta Hall ' | G. eonifollis Hall Spirifer angustus Hall.......... r|C. americanum EHdwards € S. divaricatus Hall AGUNG 00 cowids ss oe ee ce S$: timbriatus Conrad.) css. ek. ss. ce | Cyathophyllum robustum Hail... ¢ S: .audaculus Conrad2..25 % silence ec | C. nanum Hall S. mucronatus Conrad C. conatum Hell..=.. .&.--s see e S. consobrinus @’Orbigny Amplexus hamiltoniae Hall Ambocoelia umbonata Conrad... e¢ | Heliophyllum halli Hdwards ¢€ Nucleospira concinna Hall....... cc HLQUME .6 a cs ccs 6 wv clone ae ee: Trematospira hirsuta Hall Wi. halli var. irregulare Hall..... ¢€ Meristella haskinsi Hall......... ec | UW. halli var. reflexum Hall Atrypa reticularis Linné i. obconicum Hall Camarotoechia dotis Hall H. confluens Hall... :.....5-2aeeee r ie NOTSHOLGS JA O1Ge sb idietes com omer c | Favosites placenta Rominger.... cc Cc. prolifica Hall F. arbusculus Hall C. sappho Hall ¥. argus Fall, oo: ss see c Pentamerella pavilionensis Hall Alveolites goldfussi Billings..... ¢c Cryptonella planirostris Hall Pleurodictyum stylopora Haton CG. FeCurostris ALG. ois «aes os ce. | Striatopora limbata Haton...... c Canandaigua shales proper The beds above the “ basal limestones ” as they were originally termed by the writer, carry a less profuse fauna. The species assembled in the following list are from more numerous outcrops than the foregoing but, save at the very top of the formation just beneath the Tichenor limestone, they are seldom if ever as abund- ant in any single locality. There are some noteworthy differ- ences in the composition of the faunas of these two parts of the Canandaigua beds, which are below singled out in special lists. The fossils herein are: | Crustaceans Worms Phacops rana Green Spirorbis angulatus Hall Dalmanites boothi Green Cephalopods Proetus macrocephalus Hall Orthoceras exile Hall » Duntium Wall... . 6.0 0s eee c be wenses. OF Ne ener : Seat PLOW .: oolke sane . Ee eRe ee iy ae a ee i Trematospira nobilis : Bo aatat Sear loess ole 0c ws wieiate settee ee) || PALL EVACS SS erin ess SEs Siwy ei pbeRSt aiase Sco dan DIMMS ene eet ee Trigeria lepida ‘ iki cn atealey tates oe @ ES es a Ee Tropidoleptus carinatus ; Jorals very abundant forming a well | Corals quite rare marked plantation Future investigations may obliterate some of these differences yet there will doubtless remain a distinction in the upper and lower elements of this fauna though these are bound together : by a multitude of identities. . Tichenor limestone Fossils are extremely few in this layer of semicrystalline gray limestone. They are frequently replaced wholly or in part by CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 51 celestite and hence at times make very striking specimens. They are Phacops rana Green Orthoceras caelamen Hall O. exile Hail Lyriopecten orbiculatus Hall Spirifer mucronatus Conrad Spirophyton typus Hall The last named object covers surfaces of the rock when inclined to be shaly. Moscow shales Lower division The Moscow shales are well divided into subequal parts by the Menteth limestone and as there is a lithologic difference in the two on account of the gradual loss of calcareous content, we may contrast the faunas of these divisions. Crustaceans Pmaerns Tana Green. ......6+36 Dalmanites boothi Green.......... Proetus macrocephalus Hall Homalonotus dekayi Hall Worms Spirorbis angulatus Hall Cephalopods Orthoceras nuntium Hall Gyroceras liratum Hall Tornoceras uniangulare Conrad Bactrites tenuicinctus Hall Pteropods : Tentaculites bellulus Hall Hyolithus aclis Hall Gastropods Bellerophon leda Hall B. patulus Conrad B. thalia Hall Platyceras carinatum Hall P. conicum Hall P. thetis Hall Pleurotomaria itys Hall Loxonema delphicola Hall Diaphorostoma lineatum Conrad.cce Cyclonema trilix Hall Lamellibranchs Mytilarea oviformis Conrad Macrodon hamiltoniae Hall Microdon bellistriatus Conrad Cypricardinia indenta Conrad Lower beds: C. pygmaea Hall Grammysia arcuata Conrad G. bisuleata Conrad Goniophora acuta Hall Modiomorpha concentrica Conrad Aviculopecten parilis Conrad Palaeoneilo fecunda Hall P. muta Hall P. plana Hall P. tenuistriata Hall Actinopteria decussata Hall...... Brachiopods Craniella hamiltoniae Hall Crania crenistria Hall Pholidops hamiltoniae Hall Rhipidomella penelope Hall He VAMUMeNEH, PIG. tk ees ce Stropheodonta concava Hall...... S. inequisiriata HG@ly. i oi. esse ok OSI PGLE CN Pakeome, & ocho ce Oe Leptostrophia perplana Conrad. . Chonetes coronatus Conrad C. deflectus Hall Productella papulata Hall P. spinulicosta Hall Spirifer marcyi Hall S. mucronatus Oonrad........... S. consobrinus d’Orbigny Ambocoelia umbonata Conrad Nucleospira concinna Hall Trematospira gibbosa Hall Meristella haskinsi Hall Athyris spiriferoides Haton...... .¢ 52 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Atrypa reticularis Dinné:.......:. c Camarotoechia congregata Conrad C. prolifica Hall Pentamerella pavilionensis Hall. .ce Cryptonella planirostris, Hall C. rectirostris Hall Tropidoleptus carinatus Conrad. .cc Crinoids ' Platycrinus sp. Megistocrinus depressus Hall M. ontario Hall Thylacocrinus clarkei W. & S. Ancyrocrinus bulbosus Hall Dolatocrinus liratus Hall D. intermedius Hall D. glyptus Hall D. troosti Hall Aorocrinus cauliculus Hall A. pocillum Hall A. praecursor Hall Hleutherocrinus whitfieldi Hall Gennaeocrinus eucharis Hall G. nyssa Hall Gilbertsocrinus spinigerus Hall Melocrinus gracilis W. & S. Poteriocrinus diffusus Hall P. nereus Hall P. nycteus Hall Poteriocrinus sp. Rhodocrinus gracilis Hall R. spinosus Hall R. nodulosus Hall Nucleocrinus lucina Hall Pentremites leda Hall Menteth limestone In this thin layer the species of the fauna are crowded together — in great numbers. Several years ago the late Prof. Charles E. Beecher of Yale University collected at the localities of this inter- esting formation, and the etchings from the material thus gathered have been studied and identified by Percy E. Raymond of the Carnegie Museum, Pittsburg. Mr Raymond is about to publish some account of the fauna and he has permitted me to give here his list of species determined to which I have added a few not recognized by him. Worms Spirorbis angulatus Hall S. spinuliferus Nich. Cornulites tribulis Hall Cornulites sp. nov. Autodetus lindstroemi Clarke. Autodetus sp. nov. Proetus rowi Green P. macrocephalus Hall Cyphaspis ornata Hall Homalonotus dekayi Green Phacops rana Green Cryphaeus boothi Green Crustaceans Primitiopsis punctilifera Hall Kirkbya parallela Ulrich Strepula sigmoidalis Jones Isochilina lineata Jones I. (?) fabacea Jones Primitia seminulus Jones Octonaria stigmata Ulrich Ctenobolina papillosa Ulrich ; Beyrichia kolmodini Jones Halliella retifera Ulrich Moorea bicornuta Ulrich Ostracoda—severaft unidentified spe- cies Cephalopods Orthoceras sp. ind. : Pteropods Styliola sp. und. . Tentaculites bellulus Hall Ilyolithes aclis Hall _ Gastropods _ Loxonema hamiltoniae Hall _ Pleurotomaria capillaria Conrad Cyclonema hamiltoniae (?) Hall _ Bellerophon leda Hall _ Platyceras bucculentum Hall P. carinatum Hall Pp. symmetricum Hall P. thetis Hall _ Diaphorostoma lineatum Conrad Lamellibranchs _ Nuculites oblongatus Conrad _N. triqueter Conrad _Nucula corbuliformis Hall _ Palaeoneilo contricta Conrad - Conocardium eboraceum Hall Actinopteria decussata Hall -Aviculopecten exacutus Hall _A. princeps Conrad A. scabridus Hall. ' Pterinopecten intermedius Hall P. hermes Hall 'P. regularis Hall P. conspectus Hall Lyriopecten orbiculatus Hall ~Modiomorpha alata Conrad _ Cypricardella bellistriata Conrad _ Cypricardinia indenta Conrad _ Nyassa arguta Hall Brachiopods Lingula punctata Hall Lingula sp. ind. Pholidops oblata Hall P. hamiltoniae Hall Crania crenistriata Hall Craniella hamiltoniae Hall Camarotoechia congregata Conrad C. horsfordi Hall ‘©. sappho Hall ‘Trigeria lepida Hall Bunella lincklaeni Hall ‘Tropidoleptus carinatus Conrad Atrypa reticularis Linn. Cyrtina hamiltonensis Hall Spirifer mucronatus Conrad ». audaculus Conrad 8. granulosus Conrad ». consobrinus d’Orb. CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 53 S. seulptis Hall S. fimbriatus Conrad Ambocoelia umbonata Conrad Nucleospira concinna Hall Athyris spiriferoides Haton Stropheodonta concava Hall S. demissa Conrad S. inequistriata. Conrad S. junia Hall Leptostrophia perplana Conrad Pholidostrophia iowensis Owen. Orthothetes chemungensis pectina- ceus Hall O. chemungensis arctistriatus Hall O. bellulus Clarke Chonetes coronatus Conrad C. mucronatus Hall C. scitulus Hall C. deflectus Hall C. robustus Raymond Strophalosia truncata Hall Productella spinulicosta Hall Rhipidomella penelope Hall R. vanuxemi Hall Bryozoans Ascodictyum stellatum WV. & £#. Pinacotrypa plana Hall Monotrypa fruticosa Hall Monotrypa sp. und. Fenestella emaciata Hall Reteporina striata Hall Isotrypa sp. und. Hemitrypa cribosa Hall Polypora fistulata Hall P. multiplex Hall Rhombopora tortalinea Hall Streblotrypa hamiltonensis Nich. Ptilodictya plumea Hall Cystodicta incisurata Hall Taeniopora exigua Nich. Acrogenia prolifera Hall Lichenalia stellata Hall Paleschara reticulata Hall Corals Heliophyllum halli HZ. ¢& H. Michelinia stylopora Haton Aulopora serpens Goldf. Ceratopora dichotoma Grabau C. jacksoni Grabau o4 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Moscow shales Upper division Fossils in these beds are less profuse though more numerous in species. They are quite uniformly distributed through the J . .* hn nina lower portion but farther up become arranged in thin beds sepa- — rated by more or less wide intervals of barren shales. Thin layers of limestone in these upper shales carry agglomer- ated masses of fossils. Crustaceans Phacops rana Green.....+.++++++: Cryphaeus boothi Green Proetus macrocephalus Hall Homalonotus dekayi Green Worms Spirorbis angulatus H all Cephalopods Orthoceras exile Hall O. emaceratum Hall O. nuntium Hall O. crotalus Hall Gyroceras liratum Hall Bactrites tenuicinctus Hall Pteropods Styliolina fissurella Hall Hyolithus aclis Hall Gastropods Bellerophon leda Hall Platyceras carinatum Hall P. echinatum Hall P. erectum Hall P. rectum Hall P. symmetricum Hall Pleurotomaria capillaria Conrad LP. itys Hall P. lucina Hall P. rotalia Hall Loxonema delphicola Hall Diaphorostoma lineatum Conrad Lamellibranchs Macrodon hamiltoniae Hall Microdon bellistriatus Conrad Cypricardinia indenta Conrad Grammysia arcuata Hall G. bisuleata Conrad Goniophora hamiltonensis Hall Modiomorpha macilenta Hall Nucula corbuliformis Hall N. lirata Conrad Nuculites oblongatus Conrad Orthonota carinata Conrad O. parvula Hall O. undulata Conrad. ~:~ s>.s-eeeee ce Palaeoneilo constricta Conrad P. tenuistriata Hall Pholadella radiata Hall Phthonia nodocostata Hall Sanguinolites solenoides Hall Tellinopsis subemarginata Conrad Brachiopods Lingula punctata Hall..........- ce@ Dignomia alveata Hall Craniella hamiltoniae Hall Crania crenistriata Hall Pholidops hamiltoniae Hall....... e P. oblata Hall Rhipidomella penelope Hall R. vanuxemi Hall... 2. ASeeeeeee cs Orthothetes pandora Billings O. arctostriatus Hall Stropheodonta concava Hall . S. demissa Conrad. .......+.e+ee: Ire S. inequistriata Conrad S. junia Hall Pholidostrophia nacrea Hall Chonetes aurora Hall C. coronatus Conrad .......++++++: C. deflectus Hall... .... csiesmeees CG. lepidus Hall.........+.e2+eee. C. scitulus Holl. ...... sheen =| Spirifer granulosus Conrad S. marcyi Hall S. audaculus Conrad CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 55 BECLITUS FIG. cee ees cee nt e | C. dotis Hall 8. eatoni Hall C. sappho Hall Cyrtina hamiltonensis Hall Cryptonella rectirostris Hall Ambocoelia umbonata Conrad....ce | EHunella lincklaeni Hall Nucleospira concinna Hall........ e | Tropidoleptus carinatus Conrad Trematospira hirsuta Hall Ne Meristella haskinsi Hall Crinotas Athyris spiriferoides Haton....... ee | Nucleocrinus lucina Hall Atrypa reticularis Linné......... ce | Forbesciocrinus lobatus Hall SS 2 ea ec | Calceocrinus clarus Hall Camarotoechia congregata Conrad Platycrinus eboraceus Hall The contrasts in the faunas of these upper and lower beds are not deep seated. There is in the former as a most striking feature the profuse development of the crinoids associated with an almost equal profusion of Phacops rana, Diaphorostoma lineatum and Pentamerella pavilionensis with eroductella pa pulata; in the upper beds lamellibranch species such as Orthonota undulata, parvula, carinata, Phthonia nodocostata, Pholadella radiata and ‘specially Tellinopsis subemarginata which are rare or absent below. There ate also here thin beds wholly composed of Ambocoelia umbonata but on the whole the distribution of the fauna throughout the Moscow shales is quite uniform. The Moscow shales are exposed in detail in the ravine at Tichenor point where the succession from the bottom up is essentially as follows: At the base the uppermost beds of the Canandaigua shales with Eridophyllum archiaci, MHeliophyllum and _ other cyathophylloids in abundance. Tichenor limestone 1 Blue calcareous shale with crinoids, Pentamerella pavilionensis, Diaphorostoma lineatum, Phacops rana, 2 feet, passing into a thin limestone 8 inches 2 Bluish shale with Tropidoleptus carinatus, 30 feet | 3 Menteth limestone, 1 to 14 feet 4 Bluish shale with Tropidoleptus carinatus 5 Olive shales with Cryphaeus boothi 56 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 6 Arenaceous shale with Homalonotus dekayi, Or thonota, abounding in grotesque calcareous concretions and passing into a thin limestone above, 12 feet 7 Olive shale 8 Very soft light gray shales with Ambocoelia, Chonetes, — Athyris and Phacops in distant thin layers 9 Olive shale Tully pyrite Genesee shale Tully limestone and pyrite What little Tully limestone is here represented carries the indicial species Hypothyris cuboides Sowerby (Sp.) identified originally by Conrad with Sowerby’s Rhyncho- nella cuboides and subsequently described by Hall as R. venustula. The species R. cuboides was long ago referred by King to the genus Hypothyris. This world-wide species is here a newcomer into the Devonic faunas and is associated through- out the exposures of the Tully with an assemblage essentially consisting of Hamilton species, though slight variations from Hamilton types are indicated and there are a few additional species present like the very characteristic trilobite Bron- teus tullius Hall & Clarke. For at least a half century Hypothyris cuboides has been recognized as indicative of lowest upper Devonic age and the Bronteus associated with it is likewise of early Devonic type (Thysanopeltis). The fact that these species accompany an essentially unmodified fauna of earlier age does not argue that age for the limestone but serves to emphasize if anything the introduction of new types indicative of fundamental change. The fauna of the pyrite layer is a parvifauna with affinities wholly or essentially with that of the Hamilton shales. It is — in fact a series of forms which have as a whole suffered an arrest of development, and its species are immature stages of © those preceding though they are actually in adult condition, The conditions of growth while this pyrite was being precipi- — , a $i j Tentaculites bellulus? mut. stebos CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 5T tated, were so unfavorable that the organisms were able to advance but a little in the line of species development and yet they apparently acquired the power of reproduction and mani- fested themselves in these arrested conditions probably for several generations. These fossils were studied by the writer some years ago, and have been more exhaustively examined of late by Dr F. B. Loomis from material collected all along the line of outcrop of the layer. The specimens are to be extracted from the rock only with great labor but it is to be expected that forms present at one place will appear at others and hence the entire list of the known species is here appended. It will be observed that the designations used in Dr Loomis’s list here given indicate muta- tions only from the types of Hamilton species and not deep seated specific differences. Crustaceans Macrochilina hamiltoniae mut. pyg- Beyrichia dagon Clarke maea Loomis Entomis prosephina Loomis M. hebe mut. pygmaea Loomis Cryphaeus boothi var. calliteles | Diaphorostoma lineatum mut. belial Green | Clarke Cephalopods Lamellibranchs Bactrites (sp.)? mut. parvus Loonvis | Conocardium eboraceum mut. pyg- B. (sp.) mut. pygmaeus Loomis | maeum Loomis Orthoceras nuntium Hall | Buchiola retrostriata mut. pygmaea O. scintilla (?) mut. mephisto Clarke — Egomis 0. subulatum mut. pygmaeum | Grammysia constricta mut. pygmaea Loomis | Loomis ° Tornoceras uniangulare mut. astarte paracyclas lirata mut. pygmaea Clarke | Loomis T, ubiangulare Conrad Palaeoneilo constricta mut. pygmaea Loomis P. plana mut. pygmaea Loomis Leda _ rostellata mut. pygmaea Pteropods Clarke T. gracilistriatus mut. asmodeus Se prigecnies Clarke | Nuculites oblongatus mut. pygmaeus Loomis Gastropods N. triqueter mut. pygmaeus Loomis Loxonema delphicola mut. moloch Nucula varicosa mut. pygmaea Clarke Loomis Pleurotomaria N. corbuliformis mut. pyg@aea P. itys mut. pygmaea Loomis Loomis P. capillaria mut. pygmaea Loomis N. lirata mut. pygmaea Loomis d8 , NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Brachiopods Cyrtina hamiltonensis mut. pyg- Trigeria lepida mut. pygmaea Loomis maea Loomis Productella spinulicosta mut. pyg- | Spirifer marcyi mut. pygmaeus maea Loomis 7 Loomis Strophalosia truncata mut. pygmaea | S. granulosus mut. pluto Clarke - Loomis S. tullius mut. belphegor Clarke Tropidoleptus carinatus mut. pyg- | S. medialis mut. pygmaeus Loomis maeus Loomis S. mucronatus mut. hecate Clarke Ambocoelia umbonata mut. pluto | 8S. fimbriatus mut. pygmaeus Loomis Loomis S. fimbriatus mut. simplicissimus A. umbonata mut. pygmaea Loomis — Loomis Nucleospira concinna mut. pygmaea | Crinoid stems Loomis Pentremites leda Hall Genesee shale This shale carries only a sparse fauna and its fossils are not well preserved. In the densely black layers there is rarely any- thing to be obtained, but lignites sometimes of considerable length, occasionally Lepidodendron and conodont teeth have also been found herein. The less bituminous shales contain: Pleurotomaria rugulata Hall Liorhynchus quadricostatus Hall Styliolina fissurella Hall Probeloceras lutheri Clarke (occa- Pterochaenia fragilis Hall sionally ) ~ Lingula spatulata Hall Bactrites aciculum Hall Orbiculoidea lodensis Hall Genundewa limestone The fauna here.appearing is, aS we have explained on pre- vious occasions, the first appearance in this district of the Portage or Naples fauna of the beds overlying. It is thus a prenuncial fauna announcing the invasion and occupancy of the field by a congeries of species not before known in New York. It is evident that this fauna came in from the west and covered for a short time only, the whole area from here westward to Lake Erie. We have shown elsewhere the probability that the rock itself, which is largely composed of the pteropod Stylio- lina, represents a deep water deposit of pteropod ooze and its associated organisms are also those of deep water habit. The fauna and flora of this limestone are as follows and in this list the — . i ; , 4 CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES | . 59 names in roman are of species reappearing in the higher faunas (Cashaqua); those in antique not occurring elsewhere. _ Dinicthys newberryi Clarke Echinocaris? longicauda. Hall | Spathiocaris emersoni Clarke Cardiocaris Manticoceras pattersoni Hall var. styliophilum Clarke M. contractum Clarke M. fasciculatum Clarke M. nodifer Clarke Gephyroceras genundewa Clarke Tornoceras uniangulare Conrad var. compressum Clarke Orthoceras atreus Hall Styliolina fissurella Hall ‘Tentaculites gracilistriatus Hall Pleurotomarif genundewa Clarke Bellerophon koeneni Clarke B. denckmanni Clarke Phragmostoma natator Hall P, incisum Clarke Loxonema noe Clarke Macrochilina pygmaea Clarke M. seneca Clarke Diaphorostoma pugnus Clarke Protocalyptraea styliophila Clarke Lunulicardium hemicardioides Clarke L. encrinitum Clarke Pterochaenia fragilis Hall FP. sinuosa Clarke Honeoyea styliophila Clarke H. simplex Clarke Ontaria suborbicularis Hall Buchiola retrostriata v. Buch B. livoniae Clarke B. scabrosa Clarke © Paracardium doris Hall P. delicatulum Clarke Lingula spatulata Vanuxrem Lingulipora williamsana Girty Aulopora annectens Clarke Cordaeoxylon clarkei Dawson Cladoxylon mirabile Unger Cyclostigma affine Dawson Lepidodendron gaspianum Dawson L. primaevum logers Taken as a whole the assemblage is rich and interesting and. there are not more favorable opportunities for its examination than are afforded on Canandaigua lake. are the remains of plants of genera and species which have been Specially noteworthy found elsewhere only in corresponding horizons of Europe. West River shale In these beds we find a return of the shale fauna beneath (Genesee) with a few additional species. The distinctive char- acters of the division are essentially lithologic. - Bactrites aciculum Hall (?) : Gephyroceras sp.? _Pleurotomaria rugulata Hall Buchiola retrostriata v. Buch 4 Panenka sp. | limestone which Its fossils are: Pterochaenia fragilis Hall.........¢ Lunulicardium curtum Hall Lingula spatulata Vanuxem Orviculoidea lodensis Vanuxem Embedded in these shales not far above -the Genundewa limestone is a thin and, over the region of this map, continuous is a mass of the crinoid Melocrinus 60 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM clarkei Hall. Over this surface for a brief period flourished a plantation of these crinoids and their substance has largely con- tributed to the lime content of the rock containing them. Standish shales and flags Fauna very sparse and chiefly that of the beds below. Bactrites aciculum Hall? Pterochaenia. fragilis Hall Gephyroceras sp. Ontaria suborbicularis Hall Pleurotomaria cognata Clarke Middlesex shale These densely bituminous deposits, similar in all respects to the Genesee shale bear only the most meager evidences of organic ~ life. Indeterminable plant remains occasionally appear and with them are: Conodonts Ontaria suborbicularis Hall Sandbergeroceras syngonum Clarke The affinity of the fauna with that of the Cases shales is herein evident. Cashaqua shale In these soft shale beds, with their accompanying ae and sands, the peculiar western Portage fauna attains its culmina- tion. This interesting congeries of fossils has been termed the Naples fauna for it is here that it attains its best development. The term has been employed because of the indefiniteness of the term Portage as applied to the fauna, for the faunas existing in Portage time are known to differ highly according to their geographic location; brackish in eastern New York (Oneonta), a profuse brachiopod fauna in central New York (Ithaca) and in western New York a fauna essentially devoid of brachiopods but characterized by its abundance of cephalopods and lamelli- pranchs. In our latest studies of this fauna in its extent throughout western New York it has become evident that, in this western Portage province covering the field occupied by the fauna from Cayuga lake west to Lake Erie, the Genesee proy- ince as it has been designated, there are actually two subproy- 4 < =, ; inces, an eastern (Naples subprovince) into which only the ad- CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 61 vance guard penetrated on its invasion from the west, and a west- ern or Chautauqua subprovince. These two subfaunas of the Genesee provinces are knit together by unity of generic and to some extent of specific characters, but differ more in respect to predominant species. We have then in the rocks before us the typical development of the fauna of this Naples subprovince or the Naples fauna in its proper sense. The species are: Crustaceans Eleutherocaris whitfieldi Clarke Stylonurus? wrightianus Dawson Spathiocaris emersoni Clarke Dipterocaris Cephalopods Manticoceras pattersoni Hall M. apprimatum Clarke M. tardum Clarke M. accelerans Clarke M. vagans Clarke Probeloceras lutheri Clarke P.? naplesense Clarke Beloceras iynx Clarke Tornoceras uniangulare Conrad T. uniangulare var. obesum Clarke Cyrtoclymenia neapolitana Clarke’ Bactrites gracilior Clarke B. aciculum Hall Orthoceras pacator Hall 0. ontario Clarke O. filosum Clarke Pteropods Hyolithus neapolis Clarke Tentaculites gracilistriatus Hall T. tenuicinctus Roemer Styliolina fissurella Hall Protospirialis minutissima Olarke Gastropods Loxonema noe Clarke Macrochilina pygmaea Clarke Palaeotrochus praecursor Olarke Diaphorostoma rotundatum Olarke | Pleurotomaria cognata Clarke P, ciliata Clarke Protocalyptraea marshalli Clarke Phragmostoma natator Hall P. incisum Clarke P. cf. triliratum Hall Tropidocyclus hyalinus Clarke Bellerophon koeneni Clarke Lamellibranchs Lunulicardium acutirostrum Hall L. ornatum Hail L. clymeniae Clarke L. hemicardioides Clarke L. velatum Clarke L. finitimum Clarke L. sodale Clarke L. pilosum Clarke L. parunculus Clarke Pterochaenia fragilis Hall FP. fragilis var. orbicularis Clarke P. perissa Clarke Honeoyea erinacea Clarke H. majora Clarke Paraptyx ontario Clarke Ontaria suborbicularis Hall O. clarkei Beushausen O. affiliata Clarke O. halli Clarke Buchiola retrostriata v. Buch BB. scabrosa Hall Lb. conversa Hall Paracardium doris Hall Palaeoneilo petila Clarke P. muricata Clarke 62 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Brachiopods Crinoids Froductella speciosa Hall Melocrinus clarkei Hall Chonetes scitulus Hall Lingula triquetra Clarke Plants L. ligea Hall F Cordaeoxylon clarkei Dawson Corals Lepidodendron gaspianum Dawson Aulopora annectens Clarke L. primaevum Rogers ie In the midst of these Cashaqua beds is the Parrish limestone which has frequently been referred to in our publications because, first, of its singular composition of greenish and red- dish calcareous nodules, which are usually fused into a continu- ous mass and resemble the kramenzel so characteristic of some of the European Devonic beds of equivalent age, and again because the abundance of Goniatites ‘which it contains chiefly of the species Manticoceras pattersoni, Torno- ceras uniangulare and Probeloceras lutheri, together with Orthoceras pacator, some singular and undetermined fish remains and myriads of the pteropods Stylio- lina and Protospirialis. The rock is continuous nearly across the map and beyond it to the east. Rhinestreet shale In these recurrent beds of black shale the fauna is again very much curtailed. Only the following have been obtained from i; Polygnathus dubius Hinde Spathiocaris emersoni Clarke Prioniodus spicatus Hinde Lunulicardium velatum Clarke P. erraticus Hinde Pterochaenia fragilis Hall Palaeoniscus devonicus Clarke Leptodomus multiplex Clarke Acanthodes pristis Clarke Hatch flags and shales The fossils in these arenaceous beds are all representatives of the Cashaqua shale fauna but in very much decreased quantity. Gioniatites, specially Manticoceras p attersoni and Probeloceras lutheri occur in the flagstones, also occa-_ sional specimens of Lunulicardium ornatum and L. CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 63 acutirostrum, Honeoyea desmata and Buchi- ola retrostriata, Palaeotrochus praecursor and Bactrites. In certain layers fragments of plants abound, ‘chiefly of Lepidodendron. Grimes sandstone The Portage or Naples fauna has now disappeared except for a few straggling and modified representatives in the higher rocks and with the Grimes sandstone appears a well defined though somewhat sparse brachiopod fauna. We originally regarded this small fauna of the Grimes sandstone as a representative of the Chemung fauna but have subsequently expressed the view that it is rather the invading Ithaca fauna from the east. The distinction is a refined one; it would be extremely difficult to indicate at what time or horizon in the succession the term Che- mung is to be applied to the homogeneous fauna occupying the field of central New York during the upper Devonic. The fauna of the Grimes sandstone is as follows: Protonympha devonica Clarke Leptostrophia mucronata Vanurem Palaeochaeta salicifolia Clarke Chonetes lepidus Hall Conularia cf. continens Hall Liorhynchus mesacostalis Hall Paracyclas sp. L. globuliformis Vanuxem Grammysia subarcuata Hall Productella lachrymosa Hall ' Aviculopecten cf. cancellatus Hall Ambocoelia umbonata Conrad Sphenotus sp. Atrypa spinosa Hall Orbiculoidea Paropsonema cryptophyum Clarke Schizophoria impressa Hall Dictyospongia haplea Hall & Clarke West Hill flags and sandstone The fauna of these beds is a continuation of the brachiopod fauna of the Grimes sandstone with some interesting additions. Nowhere are the fossils abundant and none are specially dis- tinctive of the Chemung fauna so that we may regard these beds also as a continuation of the Ithaca invasion from the east. The fossils recorded are as follows: Manticoceras oxy Clarke Grammysia elliptica Hall Palaeotrochus praecursor Clarke Pholadella cf. parallela Hall Aviculopecten cancellatus Hall Leptodesma robustum Hall 64 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Stropheodonta cayuta Hall Ambocoelia umbonata Conrad Leptostrophia perplana Conrad var. | Cyrtina hamiltonensis Hall nervosa Hall Liorhynchus mesacostalis Hall Orthothetes chemungensis Conrad Hydnoceras tuberosum Conrad Productella lachrymosa Hall H. variabile Hall & Clarke Spirifer mucronatus Conrad mut. H. legatum Hall & Clarke S. mesacostalis Hall Ceratodictya annulata Hall Atrypa hystrix Hall Hydriodictya cylix Hall & Clarke High Point sandstone 3 The interesting fauna of the calcareous or firestone layer of this formation was studied some years ago by the writer and its species have not been increased by later observations. These occur in the beds on High point, Naples: Rhynchodus sp. S. orestes Hall é€ Whitfield Cladodus sp. S. subattenuatus Hall Pterinea sp. S. mesacostalis Hall Orthis infera Calvin S. bimesialis Hall Schizophoria iowensis Hall Ambocoelia umbonata Conrad Stropheodonta cayuta Hall Atrypa aspera Hall S. arcuata Hall A. hystrix Hall S. ecanace Hall &€ Whitfield A. reticularis Linné S. variabilis Calvin Camarotoechia contracta Hall S. exilis Calvin Hypothyris pugnus Martin Strophonella reversa Whitfield (?) Fistulipora occidens Hall & Whitfield Orthothetes chemungensis Hall Polypora sp. Chonetes setiger Hall Fenestella sp. Productella speciosa Hall Zaphrentis sp. P. dissimilis Hall Receptaculites sp. Spirifer disjunctus Sowerby Dadoxylon clarkei Dawson In this unusual congeries we find the earliest appearance of Spirifer disjunctus, which may be taken as indicating the advent of the true Chemung fauna. It is also important to note the very marked representation of species which were orig- inally described from the upper Devonic of Iowa and have been observed nowhere else in the Appalachian region except spas- modically. Exact correlation of the stages of the Iowan Devonic with that of New York is not practicable as the Siluric continental barrier between was the cause of great differences in sedimen- tation and fauna on its east and west sides, but this invading western fauna intercalated in the normal Chemung fauna of CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 65 | this district may be regarded as an indication of the fact that 1 : ’ > 4 1 _ not present or if so are of extremely rare occurrence and certain ‘species are abundant such as the continental barrier was temporarily down and the western fauna migrated to the east. Prattsburg sandstone In these beds the fauna, which is fairly profuse in certain layers, does not materially differ from that of the West Hill beds. The Iowan species occurring in the High Point fauna are Spirifer mesastrialis Hall Atrypa hystrix Hall S. mucronatus vgnrad var. posterus | A. reticularis Linné Hall. &é Clarke Stropheodonta cayuta Hall In certain of the beds from the upper part of the division occurs the trilobite Bronteus senescens Olarke, which has also been found as far south as Avoca, Steuben co. in the continuation of the same formation. Associated with it is the Spiny crinoid Hystricrinus depressus Wachsmuth & Springer which is known only from these beds. ¥ Acanthodes pristis, 62. -Acidaspis callicera, 42. © -Acrogenia prolifera, 53. Actinopteria decussata, 47, 50, 51, ) ay muricata, 45. Alveolites goldfussi, 48. squamosus, 438. Ambocoelia, 35, 36, 56. nana, 46. praeumbona, 49. umbonata, 47, 48, 49, 51, 53, 55, 63, 64. mut. pluto, 58. mut. pygmaea, 58. Amphigenia elongata, 45. Amplexus hamiltoniae, 48. Ancyrocrinus bulbosus, 52. Aorocrinus cauliculus, 52. pocillum, 52. praecursor, 52. Arabellites, 47. Ascodictyum stellatum, 53. Athyris, 56. spiriferoides, 49, 50, 51, 58, 55. Atrypa aspera, 64. hystrix, 36, 64, 65. reticularis, 34, 48, 48, 52, 53, 55, 64, 65. spinosa, 55, 63. Aulacophyllum princeps, 48. Aulopora, 46. annectens, 59, 62, serpens, 53. Autodetus sp. nov., 52. lindstroemi, 52, Aviculopecten cancellatus, 63. exactus, 53. ignotus, 48. parilis, 51. pectiniformis, 43. princeps, 47, 49, 53. scabridus, 53. : . : INDEX Bactrites, 31, 34, 50, 63. sp.? mut. parvus, 57. sp. mut. pygmaeus, 57. aciculum, 58, 59, 60, 61. clavus, 46. gracilior, 61. tenuicinctus, 48, 51, 54. Beecher, Charles E., cited, 22; men- tioned, 52. Bellerophon acutilira, 49, 50. curvilineatus, 42. denckmanni, 59. koeneni, 59, 61. leda, 49, 50, 51, 58, 54. lyra, 45, 49, 50. patulus, 51. pelops, 42, 47, 50. thalia, 51. Beloceras iynx, 61. Bertie waterlime, 6, 8-9; thickness, 8; fossils, 40. Beyrichia, 48. dagon, 57. kolmodini, 52. subquadrata, 42. Blastoids, 46. Bollia, 48. bilobata, 42. Brachiopods, 438, 45-46, 47-48, 49, 51-52, 58, 54-55, 58, 62. Bronteus senescens, 65. tullius, 56. Bryozoans, 46, 58. Buchiola, 31. conversa, 61. halli, 49. livoniae, 59. retrostriata, 34, 59, 61, 63. mut. pygmaea, 57. seabrosa, 59, 61, stuprosa, 46. 68 NEW YORK STATE Calceocrinus clarus, 55. Callonema lichas, 42. Camarotoechia billingsi, 43. congregata, 49, 52, 538, 55. contracta, 64. dotis, 46, 48, 55. horsfordi, 46, 48, 53. inequiplicata, 43. pauciplicata, 46. prolifica, 46, 48, 52. royana, 43. sappho, 46, 48, 49, 53, 55. tethys, 438. Camillus shale, 6-8; thickness, 7; fossils, 40. Canandaigua shale, 6, 17-20; thick- ness, 19; term, 20; fossils, 47-49, 50. Cardiff shale, 6, 16-17, 18; thickness, 17; fossils, 46. Cardiocaris, 59. Cashaqua shale, 6, 31-32; thickness, 31; fossils, 60-62. Cayugan group, 6. Centerfield limestone, 17; 47, 50. Centronella glansfagea, 43. Cephalopods, 42, 45, 48, 50, 51, 52, 54, 57, G1. Ceratiocaris, 8. acuminata, 40. Ceratodictya annulata, 64. cincta, 36. Ceratopora dichotoma, 53. jacksoni, 53. Chautauquan group, 6. Chemung beds, 6. Chonetes, 56. acutiradiatus, 43. arcuatus, 45. aurora, 54. coronatus, 48, 49, 51, 53, 54. defiectus, 48, 49, 51, 53, 54. lepidus, 44, 46, 49, 54, 63. lineatus, 48. mucronatus, 44, 46, 53. robustus, 53. scitulus, 46, 49, 58, 54, 62. setiger, 47, 64. fossils, © MUSEUM Chonostrophia complanata, 41. reversa, 43. Cirripedes, 50. Cladodus sp., 64. Cladopora cryptodens, 45. labiosa, 44. laqueata, 44. Cladoxylon mirabile, 59. Cobleskill shale and dolomite, 6, 9- 11; thickness, 9; fossils, 40. Codaster pyramidatus, 45. Coelospira camilla, 43. Conocardium crassifrons, 47. cuneus, 43. eboraceum, 53. mut. pygmaeum, 57. trigonale, 43. Conodonts, 33, 60. Conularia cf. continens, 63. Corals, 43-44, 46, 48, 50, 53, 62. Cordaeoxylon clarkei, 59, 62. Cornulites sp. nov., 52. tribulis, 47, 52. Crania crenistriata, 47, 51. crenistriata, 46, 53, 54. recta, 46. Craniella hamiltoniae, 46, 47, 49, 51, 53, D4. Crinoid stems, 58. Crinoids, 438, 48, 49, 52, 55, 62. Crustaceans, 42, 45, 47, 48, 50, 51, 52, 54, 57, G1. Cryphaeus boothi, 45, 52, 54, 55. var. calliteles, 45, 57. Cryptonella planirostris, 45, 48, 52. rectirostris, 46, 48, 49, 52, 55. Ctenobolbina papillosa, 52. Cyathocrinus bulbosus, 43. Cyathophylloids, 55. Cyathophyllum conatum, 48. corniculum, 44. hydraulicum, 11, 40. juvenis, 44. nanum, 48. robustum, 44, 48. validum, 44. Cyclonema, 50. hamiltoniae, 49, 53. multilira, 49. } trilix, 51. . yelostigma affine, 59. diadema, 42. hybrida, 42. minuscula, 42. ornata, 47, 52. ; var. baccata, 47. _ stephanophora, 42. Cypricardinia indenta, 438, 51, 53, 54. pygmaea, 49, 51. Cyrtina hamiltonensis, 49, mut. pygmaea, 58. Cyrtocera scitum, 42. conifollis, 48. scalatum, 44. sulcatum, 44. varians, 48. Cystodictya incisurata, 53. Dadoxylon clarkei, 64. Dalmanites aegeria, 42. anchiops, 42. bifidus, 42. pboothi, 47, 48, 50, 51. var. calliteles, 47. calypso, 42. coronatus, 42. diurus, 42. myrmecophorus, 42. pygmaeus, 42. selenurus, 42. Dana, cited, 18. line, 11. 00, 51, 58, 54, 55. mut, belial, 57. pugnus, 59. rotundatum, 61. turbinatum, 42. -unisuleatum, 42. Jictyospongia haplea, 63. Jignomia alveata, 54. Yinichthys newberryi, 59. INDEX TO CANANDAIGUA ‘Cylindrophyllum elongatum, 44. -Cyphaspis craspedota, 45, 47. Cypricardella bellistriata, 5 ‘Cyrtoclymenia neapolitana, 61. Cyrtolites mitella, 45, 47, 49. Cystiphyllum americanum, 48. Devonic and Siluric system, division Diaphorostoma lineatum, 42, 45, 49, AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES Dipterocaris, 61. Dolatocrinus glyptus, 49, 52. intermedius, 52. liratus, 49, 52. troosti, 52. Echinocaris ? longicauda, 59. Edriocrinus pyriformis, 43. Eleutherocaris whitfieldi, 61. Eleutherocrinus whitfieldi, 52. Encrinal limestone, 20. Entomis, 48. prosephina, 57. Erian group, 6. Eridophyllum archiaci, 55. simcoense, 44. Estheria pulex, 48. Hunella lincklaeni, 53, 55. Eunicites, 47. Euomphalus decewi, 42. laxus, 42. rudis, 49. Eurychilina ? reticulata, 42. Eurypterus, 8, 11, 40. Tremipes, 39. Favosites arbusculus, 48. argus, 48. canadensis, 44. emmonsi, 44. epidermatus, 44. hemisphaericus, 44. placenta, 46, 48. tuberosus, 44. Fenestella sp., 64. emaciata, 53. Fishes, 42. Fistulipora occidens, 64. Forbesiocrinus lobatus, 55. Fucoides graphicus, 31. verticalis, 37. Gardeau beds, 33. 69 Gastropods, 42, 45, 47, 49, 51, 58, 54, 57, 61. Genesee shale, 6, 25-26, 56; thick- ness, 26; fossils, 58. Gennaeocrinus eucharis, 52. nyssa, 52. 70 Genundewa limestone, 6, 26-27; thickness, 26, 27; fossils, 58-59. Gephyroceras sp. ?, 59, 60. genundewa, 59. Gilbertsocrinus spinigerus, 52. Gomphoceras absens, 42. eximium, 42. mitriforme, 46. Goniophora acuta, 49, 50, 51. hamiltonensis, 54. Gorham shales, 238, 25. Grabau, cited, 22. Grammysia arcuata, 49, 50, 51, 54. bisuleata, 51, 54. constricta mut. pygmaea, 57. elliptica, 63. subarcuata, 63. Grimes sandstone, 6, 34-35;. thick- ness, 34; fossils, 63. Gypsum quarries, 7. Gyroceras, 50. cyclops, 42. laciniosum, 42. liratum, 48, 51, 54. matheri, 42. trivolve, 42. undulatum, 42. Hall, James, cited, 15, 20, 24, 30, 31. Halliella retifera, 52. Hamilton beds, 6. Hamilton group, term, 17. Hartnagel, cited, 9. Hatch shale and flags, 6, 33-34; thickness, 33; fossils, 62-63. Hederella canadensis, 46. cirrhosa, 46. Heliophyllum, 55. annulatum, 44. cancellatum, 44. confiuens, 48. exiguum, 44. halli, 48, 53. var. irregulare, 48. var. reflexum, 48. obeconicum, 48. Hemitrypa cribosa, 53. Highpoint sandstone, 37-38; thick- ness, 37; fossils, 64. NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Hipparionyx proximus, 41. Homalonotus dekayi, 45, 50, 51, 52, 54, 56. | Honeoyea desmata, 63. erinacea, 61. major, 61. simplex, 59. styliophila, 59. Hydnoceras legatum, 64. tuberosum, 36, 64. . J variabile, 36, 64. Hydriodictya cylix, 64. Hyolithus aclis, 49, 51, 52, 54. ceratophilus, 42. ligea, 42. neapolis, 61. Hypothyris, 56. cuboides, 25, 56. pugnus, 64. Hysteracanthus, 36. Hystricrinus depressus, 65. ee Se ee ee ee ee Isochilina ? fabacea, 52. lineata, 52. Isotrypa sp. wnd., 53. Ithaca beds, 6. King, cited, 56. Kirkbya parallela, 52. Lamellibranchs, 48, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 54, 57, 61. , Leda rostellata mut. pygmaea., 57. Leperditia, 40. alta, 9, 11, 40. cayuga, 42. sealaris, 11, 40. Lepidodendron, 34, 58, 63. gaspianum, 59, 62. primaevum, 59, 62. Leptaena rhomboidalis, 43. Leptocoelia acutiplicata, 43. Leptodesma robustum, 65. Leptodomus multiplex, 62. Leptostrophia mucronata, 35, 65. perplana, 43, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 5 var, nervosa, 64. varistriata, 9. INDEX TO CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES Lichas contusus, 42. dracon, 42. eriopis, 42. gryps, 42. hispidus, 42. Lichenalia stellata, 53. Limoptera pauperata, 43. Lingula, 26, 33, 40, 50. Sp. und., 53. densa, 47. desiderata, 43. leana, 47. ligea, 62. punctata, 53, 54. spatulata, 58, 59. triquetra, 62. Lingulipora williamsana, 59. Liopteria laevis, 45. Liorhynchus, 34. globuliformis, 638. limitaris, 44, 46, 47. mesacostalis, 63, 64, multicosta, 44, 47, 49. quadricostatus, 49, 58. Loomis, F. B., mentioned, 57. Loxonema delphicola, 47, 49, 51, 54. mut. moloch, 57. hamiltoniae, 45, 47, 52. laxum, 42. noe, 59, 61. pexatum, 42. robustum, 42. Sicula, 42. Ludlowville shales, 18, 20; term, 17. Lunulicardium, 31. acutirostrum, 61, 62-63. clymeniae, 61. curtum, 47, 59. encrinitum, 59. finitimum, 61. hemicardioides, 59, 61. ornatum, 61, 62. parunculus, 61. pilosum, 61. sodale, 61. velatum, 61, 62. Luther, D. Dana, study of Portage fauna, 4. Lyriopecten dardanus, 43. orbiculatus, 51, 53. Machaeracanthus peracutus, 42. sulcatus, 42. Macrocheilus hebe, 49. Macrochilina hamiltoniae mut. pyg- maea, 57. hebe mut. pygmaea, 57. pygmaea, 59, 61. seneca, 59. Macrochilus, 50. Macrodon hamiltoniae, 49, 51, 54. Manticoceras accelerans, 61. apprimatum, 61. contractum, 59. fasciculatum, 59. nodifer, 59. oxy, 36, 39, 63. pattersoni, 34, 61, 62. var. Styliophilum, 59. tardum, 61. vagans, 61. Marcellus shale, 6, 14-15; thickness, 15; fossils, 44. Megambonia cardiiformis, 43. Megistocrinus depressus, 52. ontario, 48, 52. Melocrinus. clarkei, 59-60, 62. gracilis, 52. Menteth limestone, 6, 22—23; fossils, 52-58. Meristella barrisi, 46. doris, 43. haskinsi, 48, 49, 51, 55. lata, 41. nasuta, 438. scitula, 43. Michelinia cylindrica, 44. stylopora, 53. Microdon bellistriatus, 47, 49, 51, 54. Middlesex black shale, 6, 29, 80-81; thickness, 30; fossils, 60. Modiomorpha alata, 53. clarens, 43. complanata, 49, 50. concentrica, 49, 50, 51. macilenta, 49, 50, 54. Monotrypa sp. wnd., 58. fruticosa, 538. Moorea bicornuta, 52. kirkbyi, 42. 7 ae NEW YORK STATE Moscow shale, 6, 18, 21-28, 25; fos- sils, 51-52, 54-56. Murchisonia, 50. intercedens, 42. turricula, 49. Myrtillocrinus americanus, 43. Mytilarca oviformis, 47, 49, 51. Naples fauna, term, 60. Naticopsis compacta, 42. Nautilus liratus, 45." cf. magister, 45. Nephriticeras bucinum, 45. Nucleocrinus lucina, 46, 49, 52, 55. ° Nucleospira concinna, 48, 49, 51, 53, 55. mut. pygmaea, 58. Nucula corbuliformis, 538, 54. mut. pygmaea, 57. lirata, 54. mut. pygmaea, 57. varicosa mut. pygmaea, 57. Nuculites oblongatus, 44, 46, 47, 49, 53, 54. mut. pygmaeus, 57. triqueter, 53. mut. pygmaeus, 57. Nyassa arguta, 53. elliptica, 43. Octonaria stigmata, 52. Oenonites, 47. Olive shale, 56. Onondaga limestone, 6, 12-14; thick- ness, 12; fossils, 41-44. Ontaria, 31. affiliata, 61. clarkei, 61. halli, 61. suborbicularis, 59, 60, 61. Ontario county, geologic map, 4. Onychochilus nitidulus, 45. Onychodus sigmoides, 42. Orbiculoidea, 26, 35, 40, 63. lodensis, 58, 59. minuta, 46. Oriskanian group, 6. Oriskany sandstone, 6, 11-12; thick- ness, 11; fossils, 40-41. Orthis infera, 64. MUSEUM Orthoceras, 31, 50. sp. und., 52. aegea, 45. atreus, 59. caelamen, 51. crotalus, 48, 54. emaceratum, 54. eriense, 45. exile, 48, 51, 54. fenestrulatum, 45. filosum, 61. geneva, 42. inoptatum, 42, marcellense, 45. nuntioides, 46. nuntium, 48, 51, 54, 57. ontario, 61. pacator, 61, 62. profundum, 42. sceptrum, 42. scintilla (?) mut. mephisto, 57. staffordense, 45. subulatum, 44, 45. mut. pygmaeum, 57. thoas, 42. f Orthonota carinata, 54, 55. parvula, 54, 55. undulata, 54, 55. Orthothetes arctostriatus, 46, 48, 53, BA. . -bellulus, 53. chemungensis, 46, 64. pectinaceus, 53. pandora, 43, 49, 54. Ostracoda, 48, 50, 52. Palaeochaeta, 35. salicifolia, 63. Palaeocreusia devonica, 42. Palaeoneilo constricta, 49, 50, 53, 54. mut. pygmaea, 57. emarginata, 49, 50. fecunda, 49, 50, 51. muricata, 61. muta, 51. petila, 61. plana, 49, 50, 51. mut. pygmaea, 57. tenuistriata, 49, 50, 51, 54. Palaeoniscus devonicus, 62. lm INDEX TO CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES f -Palaeopinna recurva, 43. -Palaeotrochus praecursor, 61, 63. Paleschara reticulata, 53. Panenka sp., 59. mollis var. costata, 45. multiradiata, 43. radians, 45. Paracardium delicatulum, 59. doris, 59, 61. _ Paracyclas sp., 63. elliptica, 43. lirata mut. pygmaea, 57. Paraptyx ontario, 61. Paropsonema, 35. cryptophyum, 63. : Parrish limestone, 6, 31-82; fossils, 62. Pentagonia unisulcata, 43. -Pentamerella arata, 43. pavilionensis, 48, 49, 52, 55. Pentremites leda, 52, 58. Phacops, 56. bombifrons, 42. cristata var. pipa, 42. rana, 45, 46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 52, 54, 5D. Phaethonides gemmaeus, 42. navicella, 42. Pholadella cf. parallela, 63. radiata, 54, 55. Pholidops hamiltoniae, 51, 53, 54. oblata, 53, 54. Pholidostrophia iowensis, 53. nacrea,. 48, 49, 50, 54. Phragmostoma incisum, 59, 61. natator, 59, 61. cf. triliratum, 61. Phthonia nodocostata, 54, 55. Pinacotrypa plana, 53. - Pittsburg sandstone, fossils, 65. Plants, 62. Platyceras, 50. ammon, 43. argo, 43. attenuatum, 45, 49. auriculatum, 47. bucculentum, 45, 49, 53. carinatum, 48, 49, 51, 538, 54. concavum, 43. conicum, 49, 51. Platyceras crassum, 43. cymbium, 43. dentalium, 43. dumosum, 43. echinatum, 49, 54. erectum, 43, 49, 54. fornicatum, 43. nodosum, 43. perelegans, 438. rectum, 43, 54. subrectum, 43. subspinosum, 47. symmetricum, 47, 49, 53, 54. thetis, 47, 49, 51, 53. undatum, 43. Platycrinus sp., 52. eboraceus, 48, 55. Pleurodictyum convexum, 44. stylopora, 48. Pleurotomaria, 57. adjutor, 43. capillaria, 45, 49, 53, 54. mut. pygmaea, 57. ciliata, 61. cognata, 60, 61. delicatula, 438. disjuncta, 47, 50. genundewa, 59. hebe, 43. itys, 45, 47, 49, 51, 54. mut. pygmaea, 57. lucina, 48, 45, 47, 50, 54. plena, 43. quadrilix, 43. rotalia, 54. - rugulata, 44, 45, 46, 47, 58, 59. sulcomarginata, 45. trilix, 49. unisuleata, 48. Polygnathus dubius, 62. Polypora sp., 64. fistulata, 53. multiplex, 53. Portage beds, 6. Portage fauna, study of, 4. Poteriocrinus sp., 52. diffusa, 52. nereus, 52. nycteus, 52. x TA NEW YORK STATE Prattsburg sandstone and shale, 6, 38-39; thickness, 39. Primitia, 48. clarkei, 42. Seminulus, 52. Primitiopsis punctulifera, 45, 52. Prioniodus erraticus, 62. spicatus, 62. Probeloceras lutheri, 58, 61, 62. ? naplesense, 61. Productella, 22, 34, 36. dissimilis, 64. lachrymosa, 63, 64. navicella, 48, 48, 49. papulata, 51, 55. shumardiana, 43, 46. speciosa, 62, 64. spinulicosta, 46, 48, 51, 53. mut. pygmaea, 58. tullia, 49. Proetus clarus, 42. crassimarginatus, 42. folliceps, 42. macrocephalus, 45, 47, 48, 50, 51, ja: 4s ‘microgemma, 42. ovifrons, 42. rowi, 47, 52. stenopyge, 42. verneuili, 42. Protocalyptraea marshalli, 61. styliophila, 59. Protonympha, 35. devonica, 63. Protospirialis, 62. minutissima, 61. Pterinea sp., 64. Pterinopecten conspectus, 53. exfoliatus, 45. hermes, 53. insons, 48. intermedius, 53. regularis, 53. undosus, 43. Pterochaenia fragilis, 26, 45, 46, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62. var. orbicularis, 61. perissa, 61. sinuosa, 59. MUSEUM Pteropods, 42, 45, 49, 51, 52, 54, 57, 61. . Pterygotus, 8. Ptilodictya plumea, 58. Ptychophyllum striatum, 44. Raymond, Percy H., mentioned, 52. Receptaculites sp., 64. Reptaria stolonifera, 46. Reteporina striata, 53. Rhinestreet black shale, 6, 32-33; thickness, 32; fossils, 62. Rhinocaris veneris, 46. Rhipidomella cyclas, 46. lenticularis, 43. penelope, 47, 49, 51, 53, 54. semele, 43. vanuxemi, 46, 47, 49, 51, 53, 54. Rhodocrinus gracilis, 52. nodulosus, 52. spinosus, 52. Rhombopora tortalinea, 53. Rhynchodus sp., 64. Rhynchonella, 25. cuboides, 56. venustula, 56. Romingeria, 46. Salina beds, 6. Sandbergeroceras syngonum, 30, 60. Sanguinolites solenoides, 54. Schizodisecus, 50. capsa, 47. Schizophoria impressa, 63. iowensis, 64. propinqua, 43. Senecan group, 6. Shaffer shale, 17. Skaneateles shale, 6, 17, 18; thick- ness, 17; fossils, 46-47. Spathiocaris, 33. emersoni, 59, 61, 62. Sphenotus sp., 63. Spirifer acuminatus, 48. angustus, 48, 49. arctosegmentus, 48. arenosus, 40-41. audaculus, 46, 48, 49, 53, 54. bimesialis, 64. ; consobrinus, 48, 49, 51, 53. 4 ‘ 1 q 3 d > he . Spirifer disjunctus, 37, 39, 64. disparilis, 43. divaricatus, 43, 48, 50. duodenarius, 43. eatoni, 55. eriensis, 11, 40. fimbriatus, 48, 46, 48, 49, 538. mut. pygmaeus, 58. ‘mut. simplicissimus, 58. granulosus, 49, 53, 54. mut. pluto, 58. gregarius, 43. -macer, 43. macrothyris, 43. manni, 43. marcyi, 49, 51, 54. mut. pygmaeus, 58. medialis mut. pygmaeus, 58. mesacostalis, 36, 64. mesastrialis, 65. mucronatus, 47, 48, 49, 51, 53, 64. mut. hecate, 58. var. posterus, 65. orestes, 64. raricosta, 43. sculptilis, 53. subattenuatus, 64. subumbona, 46. tullius, 55. mut. belphegor, 58. varicosus, 43. Spirophyton typus, 51. Spirorbis, 45. angulatus, 47, 48, 51, 52, 54. spinuliferus, 52. Stafford limestone, 6, 14, 15-16; thickness, 15; fossils, 45-46. ‘Standish flags and shales, 6, 29-80: thickness, 29; fossils, 60. Stereolasma rectum, 46. Streblotrypa hamiltonensis, 58. Strepula sigmoidalis, 52. Striatopora limbata, 46, 48. Stromatopora, 10. . Strophalosia truncata, 44, 46, 53. mut. pygmaea, 58. Stropheodonta ampla, 43. arcuata, 64. canace, 64. INDEX TO CANANDAIGUA AND NAPLES QUADRANGLES 15 Stropheodonta cayuta, 68, 64, 65. coneava, 43, 48, 49, 51, 53, 54. demissa, 48, 48, 53, 54. exilis, 64. hemisphaerica, 43. inequiradiata, 48. inequistriata, 48, 46, 48, 49, 51, ies ear eae junia, 49, 51, 53, 54. patersoni, 48. textilis, 43. variabilis, 64. Strophonella reversa, 64. Strophostylus varians, 43. Styliola sp. und., 52. fissurella, see Styliolina fissurella. Styliola limestone, 26, 27. Styliolina, 62. fissurella, 27, 44, 45, 46, 47, 49, 54, 58, 59, 61. Stylonurus ? wrightianus, 61. Syringopora nobilis, 44. perelegans, 44. Taeniopora exigua, 53. -Tellinopsis subemarginata, 54, 55. Tentaculites bellulus, 51, 52. mut. stebos, 57. gracilistriatus, 45, 59, 61. mut. asmodeus, 57. sealariformis, 42. tenuicinctus, 61. Terebratula lens, 438. lincklaeni, 45, 49. Thylacocrinus clarkei, 52. Thysanopeltis, 56. Tichenor limestone, 6, 20-21; thick- ness, 20; fossils, 50-51, 55. Tornoceras, 50. discoideum, 46. uniangulare, 48, 51, 57, 61, 62. mut, astarte, 57. var. compressum, 59. var. obesum, 61. Trematospira gibbosa, 46, 51. hirsuta, 48, 49, 55. nobilis, 49, 50. Trigeria lepida, 49, 50, 53. mut. pygmaea, 58 76 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Trilobites, 50. Vanuxem, cited, 16, 17. Tropidocyclus hyalinus, 61. Tropidoleptus carinatus, 46, 49, 50, | West Hill flags and shales, 6, 35-36; 52, 53, 55. thickness, 35; fossils, 63-64. mut. pygmaeus, 58. West River shale, 6, 28-29; fossils, Tully limestone, 6, 18, 23-25; thick- 59-60. | ; ness, 23; fossils, 56—58. Whitfieldella laevis, 9. Tully pyrite, 56. “suleata, 11, 40. Turbo shumardi, 48. Wood, Elvira, cited, 45. Turrilepas cancellatus, 42. Worms, 45, 47, 48, 51, 52, 54. devonicus, 47. flexuosus, 42. Zaphrentis sp., 64 foliatus, 47. complanata, 44. nitidulus, 47. fastigata, 44. squama, 47. gigantea, 44. tener, 47. halli, 48. simplex, 48. Ulsterian group, 6. tabulata, 44. 7, 7 /_ ey ee University of the State of New York New York State Museum PUBLICATIONS Postage or express to places outside of New York State must be paid ‘in addition to the price given. On Io or more copies of any one publica- tion 20% discount will be given, the buyer to pay transportation. Editions printed are only large enough to meet special claims and probable sales. When the sale copies are exhausted, the price for the few reserve copies is advanced to that charged by secondhand booksellers, in order to limit their distribution to cases of special need. Such prices are inclosed in []. All publications are in paper covers, unless binding is specified. 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June 1903. 75c, cloth. Museum memoirs 1889-date. Q. 1 Beecher, C: E. & Clarke, J: M. Development of some Silurian Brachi- opoda. 96p. 8pl. Oct. 1889. Out of print. 2 Hall, James & Clarke, J: M. Paleozoic Reticulate Sponges. 350p. il. 7opl. — 1898. $1, cloth. 3 Clarke, J: M. The Oriskany Fauna of Becraft Mountain, Columbia Co. N. Y. 1128p, opl. Oct, 19¢0;.d0¢. . Ar9 se oe MUSEUM PUBLICATIONS 4 Peck, C: H. N. Y. Edible Fungi, 1895-99. I06p. 25pl. Nov. 1900. 75c. This includes revised descriptions and illustrations of fungi reported in the 49th, 51st and s2d reports of the state botanist. 5 Clarke, J: M. & Ruedemann, Rudolf. Guelph Formation and Fauna of New York State. 1096p. 21pl. July 1903. $1.50, cloth. 6 —— Naples Fauna in Western New York. 268p. 26pl. map. $2, cloth. 7% Ruedemann, Rudolf. Graptolites of New York. Pt 1 Graptolites of the Lower Beds. In press. Felt, E. P. Insects Affecting Park and Woodland Trees. In preparation. Natural history of New York. 3ov. il. pl. maps. Q. Albany 1842-94. DIVISION I zooLOGY. De Kay, James E. Zoology of New York; or, The New York Fauna; comprising detailed descriptions of all the animals hitherto observed within the State of New York with brief notices of those occasionally found near its borders, and accompanied by appropri- ate illustrations. 5v. il. pl. maps. sq. Q. Albany 1842-44. Out of print. Historical introduction to the series by Gov. W: H. Seward. 178p. v.1 ptr Mammalia. 13+146p. 33pl. 1842. 300 copies with hand-colored plates. v.2 pt2 Birds. 12+380p. 141pl. 1842. Colored plates. v.3 pt3 Reptiles and Amphibia. 7+o8p. pt4 Fishes. 15+415p. 1842. pt3-4 bound together. v. 4 Plates to accompany v. 3. Reptiles and Amphibia 23pl. Fishes 7opl. 1842. - 300 copies with hand-colored plates. v.5 pt5 Mollusca. 4+271p. gopl. pt6 Crustacea. 7op. 13pl. 1843-44. Hand-colored plates: pts5-6 bound together. : DIVISION 2 BOTANY. Torrey, John. Flora of the State of New York; com- prising full descriptions of-all the indigenous and naturalized plants hith- erto discovered in the State, with remarks on their economical and med- ical properties. av. il. pl. sq. Q. Albany 1843. Out of print. v.I Flora of the State of New York. 12+484p. 72pl. 1843. 300 copies with hand-colored plates. v.2 Flora of the State of New York. 572p. 80pl. 1843. 300 copies with hand-colored plates. DIVISION 3 MINERALOGY. Beck, Lewis C. Mineralogy of New York; com- prising detailed descriptions of the minerals hitherto found in the State of New York, and notices of their uses in the arts and agriculture. il. pl. sq. Q. Albany 1842. Out of print. | v. hy Economical Mineralogy. pt2 Descriptive Mineralogy. 24+536p. 1642. 8 plates additional to those printed as part of the text. DIVISION 4 GEOLOGY. Mather, W: W.; Emmons, Ebenezer; Vanuxem, Lard- ner & Hall, James. Geology of New York. 4v. il. pl. sq. Q. Albany 1842-43. Out of print. v.1 ptr Mather, W: W. First Geological District. 37+653p. 46pl. 1843. v. a? Emmons, Ebenezer. Second Geological District. 10+437p. 17pl. 1842. v.3 pt3 Vanuxem, Lardner. Third Geological District. 306p. 1842. v. 4 pt Hall, James. Fourth Geological District. 22+683p. 1opl. map. 1843. DIVISION 5 AGRICULTURE. Emmons, Ebenezer. Agriculture of New York; comprising an account of the classification, composition and distribution of the soils and rocks and the natural waters of the different geological formations, together with a condensed view of the meteorology and agri- erat productions of the State. 5v. il. pl. sq. Q. Albany 1846-54. Out or print. v. gee of the State, their Composition and Distribution. 11+371p. 21pl. I : v.2 Analysis of Soils, Plants, Cereals, etc. 8+343+46p. 42pl. 1849. With hand-colored plates. q UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK v.3 Fruits, etc. 8+340p. 1851. ; v.4 Plates to accompany v. 3. 9gspl. 1851. Hand-colored. v.5 Insects Injurious to Agriculture. 8+272p. s5opl. 1854. With hand-colored plates. DIVISION 6 PALEONTOLOGY. Hall, James. Palaeontology of New York. Sv. | il. pl. sq. Q. Albany 1847-94. Bound in cloth. 4 v.I Organic Remains of the Lower Division of the New York System. P 23+338p. ogopl. 1847. Out of print. ‘ v.2 Organic Remains of Lower Middle Division of the New York System. _ 8+362p. 104pl. 1852. Out of print. § v.3 Organic Remains of the Lower Helderberg Grane and mee Oriskany | Sandstone. pti, text. 12+532p. 1859. [$3.50] —— pt2, 143pl. 1861. [$2.50] v.4 Fossil Brachiopoda of the Upper Helderberg, Hamilton, Portage and — Chemung Groups. 11+1+428p. gopl. 1867. $2.50. v.5 pti Lamellibranchiata 1. Monomyaria of the Upper: Helderberg, il Hamilton and Chemung Groups. 18+268p. 45pl. 1884. $2.50. ; Lamellibranchiata 2. Dimyaria of the Upper Helderberg, Ham- 4 ilton, Portage and Chemung Groups. 62+293p. S5ipl. 1885. $2.50. —— pt2 Gasteropoda, Pteropoda and Cephalopoda of the Upper Helder- — berg, Hamilton, Portage and Chemung Groups. 2v. 1879. v. 1, text. 1514020. V2, 120pI. $2.50 for 2 v. . v.6 Corals and Bryozoa of the Lower and Upper Helderberg and Hamil- ton Groups. 24+298p. 67pl. 1887. $2.50. v.7 Trilobites and other Crustacea of the Oriskany; Upper Heldesberaill Hamilton, Portage, Chemung and Catskill Groups. 64+236p. 46pl. 1888. Cont. supplement to v. 5, pt2. Pteropoda, Cephalopoda and Annelia 42p. 18pl. . 1888. $2.50. Y v.8 ptr _ Introduction to the Study of the Genera of the Paleozoic Brachial opoda. 16+367p. 44pl. 1892. $2.50. — pt2 Paleozoic Brachiopoda. 16+394p. Sapl. 1894. $2.50. Catalogue of the Cabinet of Natural History of the State of New York and ~ a the Historical and Antiquarian Collection annexed thereto. 2 O:4 1653. : Handbooks 1893-date. 714x12Y% cm. In quantities, 1 cent for each 16 pages or less. Single copies postpaid as below. H5 New York State Museum. 52p. il. 4C. Outlines history and work of the museum with list of staff rgo2. H13 Paleontology. I2p. 2¢. | Brief outline of State Museum work in paleontology under heads: Definition; Relation to. biology; Relation to stratigraphy; History of paleontology in New York. H15 Guide to Excursions in the Fossiliferous Rocks of New York. I24p. 8c. Itineraries of 32 trips covering nearly the entire series of Paleozoic rocks, prepared specially for the use of teachers and students desiring to acquaint themselves more intimately with the ( classic rocks of this State. H16 Entomology. 16p. 2¢. 7 H17 Economic Geology. In press. H18 Insecticides and Fungicides. 20p. 3c. H19 Classification of New York Series of Geologic Formations. 32p. 30. Maps. Merrill, F: J. H. Economic and Geologic Map of the State of New York; issued as part of Museum bulletin 15 and the 48th Museum Repo b v. I. 59x67 cm. 1894. Scale 14 miles to I inch. Separate edition out or print. — Geologic Map of New York. 1901. Scale 5 miles to 1inch. In as form $3; mounted on rollers $5. Lower Hudson sheet 60c. The lower Hudson sheet, geologically colored, comprises Rockland, Orange, Dutchess, Patna ; Westchester, New York, Richmond, Kings, Queens and Nassau counties, and parts of ’Sullive Ulster and Suffolk counties; also northeastern New Jersey and part of western Connecticut. —— Map of New York showing the Surface Configuration and Water Sheds. 1901. Scale 12 miles to 1 inch. 1I5c. Clarke, J: M. & Luther, D. D. Geologic Map of Canandaigua and —_ Quadrangles. 1904. 20C. Issued as part of Paleontology 7. or ‘ i a 4 9 > - ” c = z Wy MESODEVONIC QUATERNARY I, ee ey —_ 3 ~ ag Eee ihe Ens ee ee s x = ; 9 Oe Ls b at ae University of the State of New York pS New York State Museum The New York State Museum as at present organized is the outgrowth of the Natural History Survey of the State commenced in 1836. This we established at the expressed wish of the people to have some definite and positive knowledge of the mineral resources and of the vegetable and animal forms of the State. This wish was stated in memorials presente¢ to the Legislature in 1834 by the Albany Institute and in 1835 byt ! American Institute of New York city and as a result of these and othe influences the Legislature of 1835 passed a resolution requesting the sec retary of state to report to that body a plan for ‘‘a complete geologica survey of the State, which shall furnish a scientific and perfect account of its rocks, soils and materials and of their localities; a list of its minera logical, botanical and zoological productions and provide for procuety and preserving specimens of the same; etc.” Pursuant to this request, Hon. John A. Dix, then. secretary of state, presented to the Legislature of 1836, .a report proposing a plan for a coms plete geologic, botanic and zoologic survey of the State. This repor was adopted by the Legislature then in session and the governor wa authorized to employ competent persons to carry out the plan which wa at once put into effect.. 4 -The scientific staff of the Natural History Survey of 1836 coeeiea 0 John Torrey, botanist; James E. DeKay, zoologist; Lewis C. Beck mineralogist; W. W. Mather, Ebenezer Emmons, Lardner Vanuxem ani Timothy A. Conrad, geologists. In 1837 Mr Conrad was made paleor 0 - tologist and James Hall, who had been an assistant to Professor Emmons was appointed geologist to succeed Mr Vanuxem, who then took charg of Mr Conrad’s geological district. The heads of the several departments reported annnglae to the’ gove nor the results of their investigations, and these constituted the ann octavo reports which were published from 1837 to 1841. The ‘fing reports were published in quarto form, beginning at the close of the fiel work in 1841, and 3000 sets have been distributed, comprising four vo umes of geology, one of mineralogy, two of botany, five o zoology, fiv of agriculture, and eight of paleontology. 4 dee, oe “the pee: oe Lie yy ee i. ee ee Y Ge Wy gG G LOALILSNI_NVINOSHLINS Oo fy ey BR/ MY 4 @) Sniise Saiyvudil LIBRARIES E LIBRA 3 oO ral os LIBR! a . RARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION s INSTITUTION NOILN. INSTITUTION NOILN. 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