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Hah edo HE a Bahk tod owe edition HP dente eM E en: Pee ee ey Tew Ale bead 160 eth Wage oe si, He Mgr We dtothow, A tat ih r Asigsigs bait eens Fanon Weak ede Vb bae nd te ky Ea tn dg oH 4 A tote Le ee Delt det yet ae eee ed ak eld Gi Net dady dated ales yt * tant Peay Wa aia foifeits awoke kitted COCA UR er eC mie ay rt Li Wedel Bot hedeipethy Ueto SANS es es taal yell Vay Thetbeits Gs teetieni ae ae tetsu Bo ia te ee hehehehe slaves ites itations vg ddatesel ade aeslas aa (herreerbae de ry PG Hes Pie CH Raa 1 NCW ede sth ah heres ette ck a 4 ut Net aise fea Meee ity Wiehe ih iba kA eMtes Asis Qian eip teal te Wii a ANA ea Vay om) ey yee el ena wi Hiya ee ab etal sath We hitb FACHMCE ELD ethoak haath babe Might Wd ‘ Tass a doves Mae AL a i [ereaibaqteidy ib Hoy Halk ot he NL Me A lbs ret ai, He Aa AM: bot be hee ' ahs 1b Wait Tar fea tthe? 1s Hr aitesinndod He Wi tate det Fs Witt bit rycen ay $ALE A AER HE he a Wye py v otigeibem i ined ee CA Ny Me che A a Mag ie Bre ott kath Marbeeqeretaprabe tc OO\TES a Wty the ep sta Leet ae . hee tee eee Paty) ete ey pg ha be sqoepr tr te Fe)) Cathy bee aplasia 4 Mepis adn atte $y bier yin ths ke Meas Sey wr pee Paley We Meg Lhe y Hee a Rann NY Loe ay Masrein yh bea iii Ahh Wein mire tates Rae u hsaeth ay SLA et Ye ae) WO Eee eka ale Creenn ean ia Cer ty a aya Piven ny) Msg wet Hee MD BS We Hye hed (Ohm Aan 4 ay Ae If abe boy awit aH ine yet heh 4 Cee a iT ie rll Pc a i we Pits edie d ony YY ey lealhey | ice Ce a eh ae Vesacep ust ant re AES EHH eh aus Aa 1; Vein ee Cape fen Abie We PA Ua ‘ cavity s4l oAidor ft Neel Rar ie Aaa Hh ny My if Maasai j Bornes MTR A vay CH RE BIS Wt x) EAH aE Ae Lah NCAA ‘ RAVAN ANAT ee NL Aes WEA # Aap Th ‘ Ww Paar WRIST NE MS Ya ALS CA tha 5 Visi iy Hits ain Vie Hats crits ik eee. fre Peviny ba toe at hg iey, fey leans ted iba CARE Ahy Ae b> Maret llete ake a Woot ape ital vA witt f pete ae ba ; Fein wi AGG: Pah arte ibe Veietite Ht we Hi on ey at Aivatsips Beebe the Yo Si aa Why eal Went idedety na Rey Bie Aa Wiadat Mit dlitaupdiiba rai) } | tba ti Pea eget Sd: Wie i: at Wa A) A We nt Wet gaye vives) CK Jian \ ‘ LAN \ PRUNES feigeagit he f Werte NEN (ed de ntee oR vray HoH ttt ROR bho d Pe aaeGn RUHL RU LG NOT N cL Pa VW Ay CONT aren ec Oe yt EA t ee bie xii eet Oe iho Wee heed ope Whee Nits ee i 1 4 ie etat, ah gae tie Ave TU sr PRUE ed Petar vik (Cake Gee Re Re ia bath ae gfe “is BONG yey Mit At OW AEA Me BRE Ee 1 Bak toy aie ve othe teow pait (hada kee ‘ un ae A DAU HH Rt aut ned ee oe Aik © reer i a We yh biog Cie Alia bg VA eeipeh ave TO w DR AU DR ek oe Way eRe RE Rap beet Eber aie athe ere HW BOT LOE OG Gabi eth EP Ea mellem Heh ane ey c Aeig Hb a iby WWW Vege alc abode) hy toe le Hae verhe Ry aH AEA Weihua bo shee Oi ete} ACR Yiasa eee Fini iene Oy ‘ane sot tbe 7 FRB tbs ie Chewy gtiew ‘ HA Gre hee: Feat a cM wi a ek wis is A Mehta ee Vile ew AVF UR ee Ot eet tay WP ee ib W Hid Ne ati ate a ys ye a H Met SHOE Vi dove Chi ee thea DADA peAN a eine Hal aie Sete Tries if lee eth pints NT AE eeieot eae bnetpiv gto hes Lyte ila eh er Patrik Wty Weil VN ie ee bee let Ba eet Welt i HT 4H Hye Wy He tbanga le i ¢ City ead Tal Woo Wat Se a a aA A Geto w ome tit th Eek ORV ited doe lie eae hop id ieee Men rn eee a {abst ory an rere CAE GH IT Sah Wetted ay i it Wrligky a athe REEL ERE ATA ‘ ¥ bein wl wit (eb eb yee A We hy ALi wy ie Silene ME CINE Wee ays Ph " Sule the otk " NY H i i wegeae ha. enact Pe de a whe A ate Siresaate ee Fy : wT a . Heeger A Hew ret ST AOE eg bv bad yl a LA AUT Hare nee: lL VeuGE BIE a Cae 4 WAY Heit ie CAG ee SHA eR dope elo tie) ietibt eC ae tie w re a ‘Wobdw are Tew ee Ste a ee Pie PO git ae Wg it We te Grin ee ah Are PA Ma Hee ntatal MU OU TOL Cag a eh RS HU eh bet eit fel ile YH EIR yee (etd ether ae ta A OS tae te biti bob nei y TORE ih wee ee dove Lew nen sone ae Leeann oe % A Ve heme tte Sth tie & Tot athe AT TU deta Ge Wild ai heaeget Welsbieen ene Latta ek he Po ec ee COWS hal et dian HA WET ID bea dt eA ALA ty a a CV Rett dete vn de tel PAPA ort ioe t eden e HRA NORE Sohne iod 44 iy. eis) ea th ts sot aie ood aia d VO ROT WWE fe tel qa WW LT PRA OE fod ae a Cn nati sta wed d Li ies fiat We ee a HEP HOE Ve ea aR i 4) ol ‘ eran a! wae es at ° oe Het Ir BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB. EDITED BY W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT. VOLUME XVI. SESSION 1905-1906. 3 LONDON: 3 | WITHERBY & CO., 326, HIGH HOLBORN EN eg /9, aa Nov : 12 1996 “v NL a Uy = Teena eee TERT PREFACE. Tuer Meetings of the British Ornithologists’ Club held during the 14th Session have all been unusually well attended, the largest number of Members and Visitors on one evening being 73, and the total number during the Session amounting to no less than 385, giving an average of néarly 43 per Meeting. There has been no falling off either in the number, or in the interest of, the communications; on the contrary these seem to have increased, and many remarkable new birds will be found described on the pages of the present Volume XVI. of the ‘ Bulletin.’ Two important extra volumes of the ‘ Bulletin’ have appeared during the year, viz. :— Volume XVII.—“ Report on the Immigrations of Summer Residents in the Spring of 1905.” Volume X VITI.—“ Index to the ‘Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club,’ Volumes I.-XV., 1892-1905.” The former Volume, which appeared in February, 1906, is the first of a series of similar reports to be prepared by a Com- mittee appointed by the British Ornithologists’ Club. The latter volume, which appeared in August, 1906, contains Part I., “ General Subject Index” ; and Part IT., “ Index to the Genera and Species.’ It supplies a much felt want, and will prove a great saving of time to all those who wish to refer to the Volumes included. The thanks of the Club are due to Mr. H. F. Witherby for having undertaken the publication of the ‘ Bulletin,’ free of any charge, an arrangement which has proved a great convenience as well as an economy. e (Signed) W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT, Editor. September 24th, 1906. RULES OF THE BRITISH QRNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB. (As amended 17th January, 1906.) I. This Club was founded for the purpose of facilitating the social intercourse of Members of the British Ornithologists’ Union. Any Member of that Union can become a Member of this Club on payment (to the Treasurer) of an entrance fee of- One Pound and a subscription of Five Shillings for the current Session. Resignation of the Union involves resignation of the Club. II. Members who have not paid their subscriptions before the last Meeting of the Session, shall cease, ipso facto, to be Members of the Club, but may be reinstated on payment of arrears, and a new entrance fee. III. Members of the British Ornithologists’ Union may be introduced as Visitors at the Meetings of the Club, but every Member of the Club who introduces a Member of the B. O. U. as a Visitor (to dinner or to the Meeting afterwards) shall pay One Shilling to the Treasurer, on each occasion. IV. The Club shall meet, as a rule, on the Third Wednesday in every Month, from October to June inclusive, at such hour aud place as may be arranged by the Committee. At these Meetings papers upon ornithological subjects shall be read, Specimens exhibited, and discussion invited. yt V. An Abstract of the Proceedings of the B. O. C. shall be printed as soon as possible after each Meeting, under the title of the ‘Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club,’ and distributed gratis to every Member who has paid his subscription. Copies of this Bulletin shall be published and sold at One Shilling each. VI. The affairs of this Club shall be managed by a Com- mittee, to consist of the Editors of the ‘Ibis, the Editor of the ‘ Bulletin,’ and the Secretary and Treasurer, ex officio; with three other Members, one of whom shall be changed every year. The Committee shall have power to make and alter Bye-laws. COMMITTEE, 1905-1906. P. L. Sciarer, F. R.8., Editor of ‘ The Ibis,’ Chairman. W. R. Oaitvize-Grant, Editor of the ‘ Bulletin, H. F. Wirnersy, Secretary and Treasurer. A. H. Evans, Editor of the ‘ Ibis.’ Howarp Saunpers, Vice-Chairman. R. Bowpier Suarpr, LL.D., Vice-Chairman. D. Sera-Smiru. LIST OF MEMBERS. JUNE, 1906. ALEXANDER, Boyp ; Wilsley, Cranbrook, Kent. APLIN, OLIVER VERNON ; Bloxham, Banbury, Oxon. ARUNDEL, Major W. B. ; High Ackworth, Pontefract. AsuBy, H.; Oakwood Lodge, Chandler’s Ford, near Southampton. Baker, E. C. Stuart ; care of Messrs, H. 8S. King & Co., 65 Cornhill, E.C. Baxer, Dr. J. C. ; Ceely House, Aylesbury. Barcuay, HuGH Gurney ; Colney Hall, Norwich. BARRETT-HAMILTON, Captain GpRALD HE. H.; Kilmanock House, Arthurstown, Waterford. BARRINGTON, RicHARD MANLIFFE ; Fassaroe, Bray, Co. Wicklow. BIDWELL, E.; 1 Trig Lane, Upper Thames Street, London, E.C. BineHamM, Lieut.-Col. C.T.; 6 Gwendwr Road, West Kensington, W. BiaAuw, F. E., C.M.Z.S. ; Gooilust, s\Graveland, Noord-Holland. BonnotTr, Jonn Lewis; Gadespring Lodge, Hemel Hempstead, Herts. Boorman, S. ; Heath Farm, Send, Woking, Surrey. Booru, H. B.; 40 Spring Royd, Shipley, Yorks. BraprorD, Dr. J. Rose, F.R.S.; 8 Manchester Square, W. Bristow#, B. A. ; The Cottage, Stoke D’Abernon, Cobham, Surrey. Brockaoues, W. FrtzHerBertT; Claughton-on-Brock, Garstang, Lancashire. . BuTTERFIELD, W. C. J. Ruskin ; 4 Stanhope Place, St. Leonards-on Sea. Burrress, B. A. E. ; Craft Hill, Dry Drayton, Cambridge. CAMPBELL, C. W.; Grosvenor Club, W. CHapMAN, ABEL ; Houxty, Wark-on-Tyne. CLARKE, Capt. GoLAND vAN Hott, D.S.O., Brook House, Hayward’s Heath, Sussex. CLARKE, Lieut.-Col. StepHENSON RopEeRT; Borde Hill, Cuckfield, Sussex. : CLARKE, Wituiam Hace ; Royal Scottish Museum, Hdinburgh. Cotes, RicHarD Epwarp; Ashley Arnewood, Lymington, Hants. CoLLIER, CHARLES ; Clieveden House, 21 Eaton Terrace, S.W. VIII CrawrorD, F. C.; 19 Royal Terrace, Edinburgh. CrossMAN, ALAN F.; care of F. Sharman, 47 Goldington Road, Bedford. CrowLey, J. C. ; 16 Chatsworth Road, Croydon. CROWLEY, REGINALD A.; Foord’s Farm, Vines Cross, Heathfield, Sussex. Curtis, FREDERICK, F.R.C.S. ; Lyndens, Redhill, Surrey. DALGLEISH, JOHN J.; Brankston Grange, Bogside Station, Stirling, N.B. Davipson, J. ; 32 Drumsheugh Gardens, Edinburgh. DE Winvon, W. E.; Orielton, Pembroke. Dossre, JAMES B.; 2 Hailes Street, Edinburgh. Dopigz, WILLIAM HeENry, M.R.C.S. ; 2 Hunter Street, Chester. Dresser, HENryY EE.ss, 110 Cannen Street, E.C. Drewir', Dr. F. D.; 14 Palace Gardens Terrace, Kensington, W. Duruir, Lt.-Colonel W. H. M. ; The Presbytery, North Berwick. Duron, Rev. & Hon. Ganon ; Bibury, Fairford. EarLe, Epwarp V.; Franks, Farningham, Kent. ELiior, Epmunp A. 8., M.R.C.S. ; Woodville, Kingsbridge, 8. Devon. Euison, The Rev. ALLAN ; Ardoyne House, Watton, Herts. ELwes, Henry Joun, F.R.S8. ; Colesborne Park, Cheltenham. Evans, ARTHUR HuMBLE, M.A.; 9 Harvey Road, Cambridge. EWEN, Guy L’EsrrRanGE ; 1 Claremont Road, Windsor. Fenwick, E. N. F. ; Oxford and Cambridge Club, Pall Mall, S.W. FINLINSON, Horace W. ; Gore Court, Sittingbourne, Kent. Finn, FRANK ; 29 Chalcot Crescent, Primrose Hill, N.W. FLoweERr, Capt. $8. 8S. ; Ghizeh Zoological Gardens, Cairo, Egypt. Forbes, HENry Oe, LL.D. ; Director of Public Museums, Liverpool. Foster, Nevin H.; Hillsborough, Co. Down, Ireland. Fow Ler, W. Warpg, M.A.; Lincoln College, Oxford. Frouawk, F. W.; Ashmount, Rayleigh, Essex. GArINsBorouGH, The Earl of ; Campden House, Campden, Glouces- tershire. GARNETT, CHARLES ; 9 Cleveland Gardens, Hyde Park, W. GERRARD, JOHN ; Worsley, Manchester. GILLETT, FRED. ; 28 Beaufort Gardens, S.W. GILLMAN, A. R.; 5 Fellows Road, Hampstead, N.W. Gitroy, NORMAN ; 95 Claremont Road, Forest Gate, Essex. GODMAN, Freperick DuCaneg, D.C.L., F.R.S.; 10 Chandos Street, Cavendish Square, W. (President B.O.U.) GOODALL, J. M. ; 52 Oxford Gardens, North Kensington, W. GoopcuHILD, H. ; 66 Gloucester Road, Regent’s Park, N.W. GOODFELLOW, WALTER; care of J. J. Mumford, The Poplars, Kettering. Ix Gou.p, F. H. Carrutuers ; Matham Manor House, Hast Molesey. GRIFFITH, ARTHUR F.; 59 Montpelier Road, Brighton. GuntHerR, Dr. ArperTC. L. G., F.R.S.; 2 Lichfield Road, Kew Gardens, S.W. GURNEY, JOHN Henry ; Keswick Hall, Norwich. HaicH, GrorcGe Henry Catron; Grainsby Hall, Great Grimsby, Lincolnshire. Hats, Rev. JAMES R.; The Vicarage, Horton Kirby, Dartford, Kent. HaArinGron, Capt. H. H.; care of Messrs. Cook and Son, Rangoon, Burma. Hartert, Ernst ; The Museum, Tring, Herts. Harvie-Brown, Joun A.; Dunipace House, Larbert, Stirlingshire, N.B. Hawker, R. M.; Bath Club, Dover Street, W. HeEavDuey, F. W.; Haileybury College, Hertfordshire. Hetimayr, C. E.; Tring Museum, Tring, Herts. Hert, G.S.; 16 Palace Gardens Mansions, Notting Hill Gate, W. HorRsFIELD, Hersert Knicut ; Crescent Hill, Filey, Yorkshire. Hoss, Cures, D.Sc. ; Baram, Sarawak, Borneo. Howarp, Ropert JAMES; Shearbank, Blackburn, Lancashire. Hupson, Witntiim Henry ; Tower House, St. Luke’s Road, West- bourne Park, W. INGRAM, COLLINGWOOD ; 65 Cromwell Road, S.W. Tideeson, F. J., C.B., C. M.G.; The Red House, Aldeburgh, Suffolk. JoNnES, Major H. ; East Wickham House, yer Kent. JOURDAIN, Rev. F. CO. R.; Clifton Vicarage, Ashburn, Derbyshire. Joy, Norman H.; Bradfield, near Reading. Ketso, J. E. H., M.B. ; 12 Festing Road, Southsea, Hants. KinnEAR, NorMAN B. ; 12 Grosvenor Crescent, Edinburgh. La Tovucue, J. D. ; 58 Lansdowne Street, Hove, Brighton. Larpiaw, THomMAs GEDDES ; Bank of Scotland Branch, Perth, N.B. LANGTON, HERBERT ; 11 Marlborough Place, Brighton. LASCELLES, Hon. GERALD ; King’s House, Lyndhurst, Hanis. Leraroyp, A. E.; 7 The Crescent, Scarborough. Loat, W. L. 8. ; Cumnor Place, near Oxford. Lopes, G. EH. ; 5 Thurloe Studios, Thurloe Square, 8. Kensington, 8.W. Lowes, Dr. P. R.; c/o Sir Frederic Johnstone, Bart., The Hatch, Windsor. Loyp, Lt.-Colonel ArrHur Purvis; Hurst Lodge, Sunningdale. Lucas, The Lord ; Picket Post, Ringwood, Hants. Lynes, Commander Husprrt ; 23 Onslow Gardens, 8:W. McConne t, F. V. ; Camfield, Hatfield. Macruerson, Artuur Hote; 54 Cleveland Square, Hyde Park, W. MarsHati, A. McLean ; Bleaton Hallet, Blairgowrie, N.B. . x MarsHa.u, JAMES McLEAN ; Bleaton Hallet, Blairgowrie, N.B. Mason, Colonel E. S. ; 20 Minster Yard, Lincoln. MAXxwEL.L, Rt. Hon. Sir Herserr E., Bart., M.P., P.C., F.BS. ; 49 Lennox Gardens, 8.W. Merapr-Wapo, EpMuND GusTAvUS BLOOMFIELD ; Stonewall Park, Edenbridge, Kent. Miuats, JOHN GUILLE ; Comptons Brow, Horsham. Mitts, Rev. H. Hotroyn ; Treslothan Vicarage, Camborne, Cornwall. Monro, H. C., C.B. ; Queen Anne’s Mansions, 8.W. Montacu, E.S., M.P. ; 12 Kensington Palace Gardens, W. Munn, P. W.; The Green, Laverstoke, Whitchurch, Hants. Mount, Henry ; 83 Kensington Gardens Square, W. Musrers, J. P. C.; Annesley Park, Nottingham. NesHaM, Rosert ; Utrecht House, Queen’s Road, Clapham Park, 8.W. NEUMANN, Oscar; care of Dr, A. Reichenow, Museum fir Natur- kunde, Invaliden Strasse, Berlin, No. 4. Newman T. H.; Newlands, Harrowdene Road, Wembley, Middlesex Nicuozs, J. B. ; Parliament Mansions, Victoria Street, 8.W. Nicnuouson, F.; The Knoll, Windermere. Nicout, MicHareu J.; Ghizeh Zoological Gardens, Cairo, Egypt. Nosir, HearLtey ; Temple Combe, Henley-on-Thames. Oaitviz, Fercus Menreira ; The Shrubbery, 72 Woodstock Road Oxford. OGILVIE-GRANT, W. R. (Editor) ; 29 Elvaston Place, 8.W. PARKIN, THOMAS ; Fairseat, High Wickham, Hastings. Pearse, THEED ; Mentmore, Ampthill Road, Bedford. PEARSON, CHARLES EpwarD ; Hillcrest, Lowdham, Nottingham. Pearson, Henry J.; Bramcote, Beeston, Notts. Penrose, Francis G., M.D. ; Wick House, Downton, Salisbury. Puiuiies, E. Lort ; 79 Cadogan Square, 8.W. Picor?, Sir Tuomas Diasy, K.C.B. ; The Lodge, Lower Sheringham. Pixt, T. M.; care of R. H. Porter, 7 Princes Street, Cavendish Square, W. PoruHamM, Hucu Leyporne; 14 Arlington Street, St. James’, S.W. Prick, A. E.; 61, Great Cumberland Place, W. Procror, Major F. W.; Downfield, Maidenhead. Pycrarr, W.P.; Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, 8.W. Ramsay, Colonel R. G. Warptaw; Whitehill, Rosewell, Mid- Lothian, N.B. tATCLIFF, F. R. ; 24 Lancaster Gate, Hyde Park, W. Rawson, Hersert Evetyn ; Comyn Hill, Ilfracombe. ReaD, Ropert H. ; Camelot, South Parade, Bedford Park, W. Rerp, Capt. Savitz G. (late R.E.); The Elms, Yalding, Maidstone. Renavut, W.E.; 15 Grafton Square, Clapham, 8.W. XI Rickert, C. B.; Upton House, Lostwithiel, Cornwall. Rippon, Colonel G. ; 89th Punjabis, Mandalay, Upper Burma. Roruscuitp, Hon. L. Water, D.Sc., M.P.; The Museum, Tring, Herts. Rotuscuiip, Hon. N. CHarwes ; Tring Park, Herts. Sr. Quintin, W. H.; Scampston Hall, Rillington, Yorkshire. SapswortH, ArnoLD Dupr; National Liberal Club, Whitehall Place, S.W. Sarceaunt, ArrHuR Sr. GEorGE ; 83 Madeley Road, Ealing, W. SARGENT, JAMES ; 78 Jermyn Street, St. James’s, S.W. Saunpers, Howard (Vice-Chairman) ; 7 Radnor Place, Hyde Park, W. Saunpers, W. H. Rapcuirre ; 79 Warwick Road, 8.W. SCHERREN, Henry ; 9 Cavendish Road, Harringay, N. Sciarer, Puitie Luriny, D.Sc., F.R.S. (Chairman) ; Odiham Priory, Winchfield, Hants ; and Atheneum Club, London, S.W. ScraTer, WiLLIAM LurTiey ; South African Museum, Cape Town, Cape Colony. SELOUS, FREDERICK CouRTENEY ; Heatherside, Worplesdon, Surrey. SerH-Smiru, Davin ; 14 Canning Road, Addiscombe. SHARMAN, FrepERIc ; 47 Goldington Road, Bedford. Suarpr, R. Bowpier, LL.D. (Vice-Chairman); Natural History Museum, South Kensington, S.W. SHELLEY, Captain G. ERNEST ; 39 Egerton Gardens, S.W. Simpy, A. 1.; The College, Durham. StaTer, Rev. Henry H.; Oldbury Farm House, Ightham, Seven- oaks. Sparrow, Major R. ; Rookwoods, Sible Hedingham, Essex. SrargEs, J. W. C.; Porchester, Hants. | Sruppy, Colonel Roperr Wricut; Waddeton Court, Brixham, Devon. Sryan, F. W. ; Ben Craig, Bayham Road, Sevenoaks. SwinHOoEk, Colonel C. ; 31 Matheson Road, West Kensington, W. TEGETMEIER, WILLIAM BERNHARD; 16 Alexandra Grove, North Finchley, N. TENNANT, Sir Epwarp P., Bart. ; 40 Grosvenor Square, W. Tprry, Major Horace A. ; The Lodge, Upper Halliford, Shepperton. THORBURN, ARCHIBALD ; High Leybourne, Hascombe, Godalming. TiceHurstT, CLauD B.; Guy’s Hospital, S.E. Ticenurst, N. F.; 35 Pevensey Road, St. Leonards-on-Sea. TowNsEND, R. G.; Buckholt, Dean, Salisbury. Trevor-Battyr, AuByN B. R.; Chilbolton, Stockbridge, R.S.O. Hants. Urcuer, Henry Morris; Hast Hall, Feltwell, Brandon, Norfolk. xII Ussuer, R. J. ; Cappagh House, Cappagh, 8.0., Co. Waterford. Wa tis, H. M.; Ashton Lodge, Christchurch Road, Reading. Watton, Captain H., I.M.S.; care of Messrs, H. 8. King & Co. 65 Cornhill, E.C. Warkins, WATKIN ; Highfield, Harrow. Wuitaker, Josep I. 8. ; Malfitano, Palermo, Sicily. Waitt, 8. J. : Oakwood, Crayford, Kent. Wuymper, Cuares ; 7 James Street, Haymarket, 8.W. WILKINSON, JOHNSON ; St. George’s Square, Huddersfield, Yorkshire. WIxiiams, Lioner A. ; Isthmian Club, Piccadilly, W. Witson, CHARLES JosEepH ; 34 York Terrace, N.W. Witson, Dr. E. A.; Tyncote, Bushey, Herts. Wi son, Scorr B.; Heather Bank, Weybridge Heath, Surrey. Wirnersy, Harry F. (Secretary and Treasurer) ; 11 Hereford Mansions, Hereford Road, W. Wottaston, A. F. R.; 19 Upper Gloucester Place, Dorset Square, N.W. WorkKMAN, WILLIAM HuaGues ; Lismore, Windsor, Belfast. Wricut, Cuarites A.; Kayhough, Kew Gardens Road, Kew, S.W. YERBURY, Colonel J. W.; Army and Navy Club, 8.W. Joining from October, 1906. Banr, P. H.; London Hospital, E. MacGratu, Major H. A.F.: c/o Messrs. King & Co., 9 Pall Mall, S.W. [Members are requested to keep the Secretary informed of any changes in their addresses. LIST OF AUTHORS AND OTHER PERSONS REFERRED TO. ALEXANDER, Boyp. On three new species collected during his ex- pedition, between Lake Chad and the Nile, 124. BeriepscH, Count Von. On seven new Neotropical birds, 97-99. Buaauw, F.E. On an albino specimen of the Little Owl, 41. Brancut, Dr. V. On five new subspecies from South-eastern Tibet, 68-70. BIDWELL, E. Exhibition of lantern-slides, 75. Bonnore, J. L. Report of Migration Committee, 29, 30. Exhibition of a Shoveler, in an intermediate plumage be- tween that of the eclipse and the full breeding-plumage, 64, 65. ——. On the eclipse plumage of Pochards, 80. Boornu, H. B. Exhibition of lantern-slides, 75. BUTTERFIELD, W. R. Exhibition of a specimen of the Wall-Creeper from near Hastings, 44. ——. List of birds which have been recently added to the British list, 63. ——. HExhibition of an example of the Mediterranean Shearwater, from Pevensey, Sussex, 71. CRAWFORD, Earl of. Remarks on his voyage in the ‘“‘ Valhalla,” R.Y.S., 102, 106. Dresser, H. E. Exhibition of some Tibetan eygs, 38. On Mr. Buturlin’s discovery of the breeding-place of Ross’s Rosy Gull in N.E. Siberia, 41. —. Exhibition of eggs of Ross’s Rosy Gull, 96. Finscu, Dr. O. Ona newspecies of the genus Syrniwm from Western Java, 63. GrirritH, A. F. Exhibition of a specimen of the Lesser Grey Shrike from near Chichester, and remarks on a piebald Golden-crested Wren, 38. XIV Harrert, E. On three new subspecies, Regulus 7. anglorum, Sitta Srontalis palawana, Lipangus holerythrus rosenbergi, 11, 12. —. On Amytornis woodwardi, sp. n., and Strix flammea gracili- rostris, subsp. n., 30-32. ——. Exhibition of two specimens of HMimberiza striolata from Nubia, 38. ——. Remarks on the unusual numbers of Wood-Pigeons in the neighbourhood of Tring, Herts, 38. —. Exhibition of Regulus r. interni, subsp. n., from Sardinia, 45. ——. Exhibition ofa specimen of Dioptrornis brunnea from Northern Angola, 46. ——. Exhibition of anew species of Calamocichla from Northern Angola, 52. ——. Ona new species of Zosterops, 81. —. Ona new Cormorant from Morocco, 110. HarvrinG, J. E. On a supposed hybrid Duck from near Maldon, Essex [= Nettion formosum], 80. HeEtuMayr, C. E. Ona new subspecies of Formicariida, 53. ——. Exhibition of seven new subspecies of neotropical birds, 82-86. ——. On two new subspecies of neotropical birds, 91, 92. ——. Exhibition of Hypocnemis myotherina ochrolema, subsp. n., from the Lower Amazons, 109. Incram, C. On new species from the Northern Territory of South Australia, 115. Jackson, F. J. Exhibition of a new species of Callene from Lumbwa, 46. ——. Exhibition of a new species of Flycatcher, Bias feminina, 87. On new species from Ruwenzori, etc., 89, 90. JourpalNn, Rev. F.C. R. On the number of hybrids between Black Game and Pheasant, 76. Kemp, R. Ona Waxbill (Estri/da) from the River Niger, 23. La Toucue, J. D. On new species from §S. E. China, 21. LopGer, R. B. Exhibition of Lantern-slides, 73, 74. Merape-Watpo, E. G. B. On the financial position of the Kite- Fund, 10. ——. Account of his voyage with the Earl ef Crawford in the “Valhalla,” B.Y.S:, 95, 96. ——. On the “ Watchers’ Fund,” 109. Mituats, J. G. Exhibition of a hybria between Black Game and Pheasant, 55. xXV Mittais, J. G. Remarks on the autumnal change of plumage in the Shoveler, 65. ——. Correction of his remarks on the autumnal change of plumage in the Shoveler, 76. ——. Exhibition of two examples of the Common Pochard in eclipse plumage, 80. Musrers, P.C. Exhibition of a specimen of the Dusky Thrush shot in Nottinghamshire, 45. NeruUMANN, Professor Oscar. Exhibition of an adult male of Lopho- triorchis luweani, 112. —. On two new subspecies of Bee-eater, 113, 114. —. Ona new species of the genus Cisticola, 114. Nicony, M. J. Ontwospecies, Lanius nubicus and Saxicola stapazina, new to the British Jist, 21, 22. —. On the Aquatic Warbler from Rye, Sussex, 23. —. Ona partial albino Wheatear, 23. —. Notes on Chrysotis quildingt, 23. —. Account of his voyage with the Earl of Crawford in the “Valhalla,” R.Y.S., 92-95. OGILVIE-GRANT, W. R. On new species from 8. E. Mindanao. 16-19. Remarks on Bolbopsittacus mindanensis, 36. Exhibition of a specimen of the Fire-crested Wren from Abbey Wood, Kent, 45. On a new Tree-Partridge from the Chin Hills, 68. On the eclipse plumage of Ducks, 80. On a new species of Nuthatch from Corea, 87. On two new species from South-east Mindanao, 99, 100. On new species from Ruwenzori, 116-118. On new species from Central Formosa, 118-123. On a new species of the genus Proparus, from the Manipur Hills, 123. y Bee Parkin, T. Exhibition of some curious and abnormally marked eggs of Ducks and Fowls, 88. Pearson, H. J. Exhibition of two photographs taken from the cases in the American Museum of Natural History, 47. Penrose, Dr. F.G. Business Report of the Migration Committee, 24-26. : ——. Exhibition of a Copy of the Report of the Migration Com- mittee, 52. ——. Exhibition of Lantern-slides, 72. AM, H. L. Exhibition of Lantern-slides, 73. XVI Pycrarr, W. P. Exhibition of a hybrid between Black Game and Pheasant, 54, 55. —. On the filo-plumes in birds, 64. ——. Exhibition of Lantern-slides, 75. ——. Recommendation to protect the nesting-places of the Red- necked Phalarope in Ireland, 109. Rawson, H. E. Exhibition of two supposed bybrid Pheasants, 30. Reap, R. H. Exhibition of a white-headed example of the Black- bird, 36. Renavt, W. E. Exhibition of a specimen of the Fire-crested Wren from Wimbledon, 45. Rieron, Colonel G, On two new species from Mt. Victoria, Chin Hills, 47. —. On two new species from Mt. Victoria, Chin Hills, 87. RoruscuHiLp, Hon. N.C. On Hmberiza striolata from Nubia, 38. RovruscuHiLp, Hon. L. W. Exhibition of proots of some of the plates drawn to illustrate his paper on extinct birds, 54. —. Notes on extinct Parrots from the West Indies, 13-15. ——. Exhibition of a clutch of eggs of Comatibis eremita, 15. ——. On two new subspecies of the genera Granatellus and Eula- beornis, 81. ——. Ona new species of Polyplectron from Hainan, 111. Saunpers, H. Exhibition of Pratincola maura and Emberiza aureola, new to the British List, 10, 11. —. [Exhibition of an example of the Common Eider with V-shaped mark on throat, 44. Sciatrer, P. L. Chairman’s Annual Address, 2-9. ——. On the visit of the British Association to South Africa, 2-9. ——. On the anniversary meeting of the South African Ornitho- logists’ Union, 7-9. ——. Exhibition of two photographs of the nests of the colcny of Cape Weaver-birds, 32. ——. Ona new species of Bunting, 39. ——. Remarks on the generic name of the Nightingale, 39-41. —. Proposal to raise the entrance fee to the Club, 44. ——. Exhibition of eggs of Irrisor viridis, 48, 63. ——. Remarks on the public exhibition of Fishing Cormorants at the London Hippodrome, 48, 49. ——. On the unusually large number of Bramblings seen in the winter, 1905-6, 49. —. Exhibition of the last Volume of Stark and Sclaters’ Birds of South Africa, 62. XVII Sciater, P.L. On the arrival at Cape Town of the Harl of Crawford’s yacht, the “ Valhalla,” 62. ScraTerR, W. L. Ona new species of Love-bird, Agapornis, 61. —. Account of his journey from Cape Town to Cairo, with notes on the birds met with. 106-109. Seru-Smiru, D. On the breeding of Turnix varia in captivity, 19. ——. On the breeding of Sericulus melinus in captivity, 20. Snares, Dr. R. BowpiEr. Exhibition of a new Ground-Thrush from the Camaroons, 36. ——. On some ancient bird-drawings in the British Museum, one species receiving a new name, Prosobonia ellisz, 86. ——. Ona new species of Swallow from Uganda, 86. —. On a new species of the genus Pentholea from Winke Goffa, 126. SHELLEY, Captain G.E. On two new species from Gazaland, 125, 126. SusHxin, Dr. P. On new species from Tarbagatai Range and Zaissan-noor, 56-61. TicpHuRST, C.B. EHrithacus cyaneculus and Sylvia orphea in Sussex, 34, 35. ——. Exhibition of an immature female of the Pine-Grosbeak, shot near Hawkhurst, Sussex, 47. ——. Exhibition of an adult male of the Black-throated Wheatear (Saxicola stapazina), shot in Kent, 124. TichHursT, Dr. N. F. Exhibition of Lantern-slides, 74. —. Exhibition of a specimen of the Little Dusky Shearwater, 38, 39. Trevor-Batrye, A. On some birds met with by him on the Upper Zambesi, 32-34. Watus, H. M. On the bone-breaking habits of the Lammergeier, 97. Waitine, 8. Exhibition of Lantern-slides, 72. Witson, Dr. E. A. Exhibition of Lantern-slides, 75. Wituersy, H. F. Exhibition of an Aquatic Warbler and an Icterine Warbler from the Isle of Wight, 24. —. Yearly statement of accounts, 29. ——. Exhibition of Somaliland birds, 35. ——. Exhibition of a specimen of Emberiza poliopleura, showing conspicuous filo-plumes on the nape, 63. ——. Ona new subspecies of Dipper from 8. W.-Persia, 72. YERBURY, Colonel J. W. On the migration of birds at Torcross, 96. > «Ww 4 ; ) ea Pil a, vi ‘he y at i - uf ff ae hea } y Ti ’ at ou “i q \ 7 4 wa. é b ei ita A 0 8 leo aa ae “LE Oy ay BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB. No. CXVIII. Tut hundred and seventeenth meeting of the Club was held at the Restaurant Frascati, 32, Oxford Street, on Wednesday, the 18th October, 1905. Previous to the Dinner a meeting of the Committee was held, at which the following officers and members of the Committee were elected for the coming Session :— P. L. Scuater, F.R.S., Chairman. W. R. Ocitvir-Grant, Editor. H. F. Wrrunrsy, Secretary and Treasurer. A. H. Evans, Joint-Hditor of the “ Ibis.” Howarp Saunpers, Vice-Chairman. | Members R. Bowpter Suaree, LL.D., Vice-Chairman. of the D. Sera-Smirn (in place of H. J. Pranson, J Committee. retiring by seniority). Chairman: P. L. Scrater, F.R.S. Members present :—Captain G. E. H. Barrett-Hamitton, HK. Brpwett, Colonel C. T. Biyenam, J. L. Bonnorg, H. H. Dresser, F. D. Drewirt, M.D., HE. V. Haris, F. W. Frowawk, Hart or GatnsporoucH, J. G. Gerrarp, F. GitteTT, N. Ginroy, F. H. Carrurners Goutp, Rev. J. R. Hats, HE. Harrert, Ph.D., Conmrncwoop Incram, Rev. [November 1st, 1905. ] VOL. XVI. “Vol. xvi.] 2 F. C. BR. Jourparm, P. R. Lows, M.D., HE. G. B. Map Watpo, H. Munt, T. H. Newman, M. J. Nicouz, W. R. OciLv1eE-GRANT (Editor), THrEp Prarsr, F. G. Penrose, M.D., A. E. Pricz, Major F. W. Procror, W. P. Pycrart, F. R. Ratcurrr, W. E. Renavt, C. B. Rickert, Hon. W. Roruscuitp, Ph.D., M.P., A. D. Sapswortn, J. SARGENT, Howarp Savunpers, D. Seru-Suirnx, W. B. Trecermerer, N. F. Ticrnvurst, M.D., 8S. J. Wurre, L. A. WI..iaMs, H. F. Wrrnersy (Secretary and Treasurer), A. F. RB. W oLLASTON. Visitors :—C. E. Facan, R. Kemp, D. H. Mearss, J. B. Sarcent, A. F. WIEner. The CHarrman gave the following Address :— ‘“ BrotHeR MEMBERS OF THE B.O.C. * Having been absent from England during the last three months, and not having yet had time since my return to make myself acquainted with recent ornithological matters in this country, I propose to confine my address on opening the 14th Session of the British Ornithologists’ Club to remarks on such matters relating to our special science as have come under my notice during my visit to South Africa in company with the British Association. “The various sections of the Association assembled at Cape Town on August 16th, 17th, and 18th. Only two papers connected with Ornithology were read. Both of these related to the Ostrich (Struthio australis), an impor- tant bird in South Africa. In the first Mr. Evans explained in familiar language the systematic position and structure of the Ostrich and the allied members of the Struthious group ; in the second the Hon. A. Douglas gave an account of the mode of Ostrich-farming pursued in the Cape Colony, and descanted on its present condition and future prospects. As the value of the Ostrich-feathers exported from the Colony in 1904 is said to have exceeded a million sterling, this was, no doubt, a subject worthy of 3 (Vol. xvi. discussion, and very appropriate to the occasion. Mr. Douglas has kindly given permission to the Editors of the “This.” to reprint his paper. “The South African Museum at Cape Town may be said to be the only institution in South Africa connected with zoology which is provided with a scientific staff and which is doing original work, apart from the acquisition and arrangement of specimens. It was founded in 1855, when - Sir George Grey was Governor of the Colony, and its first curator was EHdgar Leopold Layard—a name well-known in ornithology. Besides being an _ excellent field- naturalist, Layard was the author of the first complete handbook of the Birds of South Africa, which was published in 1867. In 1896 the collections of the Museum were removed to a new and commodious building, situated near the Public Gardens and House of Parliament, in the best part of Cape Town, and Mr. W. L. Sclater was appointed as director, a post which he still holds. The mounted series of South African Birds occupies one of the principal rooms on the first floor in this building. It contains about 1090 specimens, labelled and arranged according to the “ Birds of South Africa,” commenced by the late Dr. Stark and completed after his death by Mr. Sclater, and of which the fourth and last volume is now nearly ready for issue. The specimens are mostly in good order, and well set up, but some of the older ones require to be replaced by fresh examples, and this is being eradually done. “ Besides the mounted specimens (for exhibition) there is a larger series of about 5500 skins in cabinets kept for purposes of study in one of the rooms on the ground floor. This has been one of the main bases of the information contained in the “ Birds of South Africa.” It is receiving continual additions from correspondents in various parts of the large area of Africa south of the Zambesi, to which Mr. Sclater has devoted his principal attention, but of which large portions are still almost unexplored. There is indeed much work in ornithology still to be done in South Africa. Vol. xvi.] 4. * The series of birds’ eggs in the South African Museum is likewise large and is carefully arranged in glass-topped boxes. It contains many of Layard’s original specimens. “So far as I am aware, the only other Ornithological Collection in Cape Town is the series of eggs belonging to Mr. William Fairbridge, M.B.O.U. My. Fairbridge is an excellent field-naturalist, and the specimens have, I believe, been mostly taken with his own hands. ‘“« From the Cape the Association moved by sea to Durban, where my son and I were most hospitably entertained by Mr. A. D. Millar, a Colonial Member of the B.O.U. and a well-known person in that city. Mr. Millar is an accom- plished field-naturalist, and took us on an excursion into his collecting ground at Claremont, where we saw examples of Buceros melanoleucus, Cossypha natalensis, Laniarius quadri- color, and of other species new to us. He has a good collection of birds in skin and a fine series of eggs, nearly all procured by himself. Among the latter are eggs of Indicator, Irrisor, and Trogon. The eges of Irrisor are of uniform, pale, lavender-blue, as described in the ‘ Birds of South Africa” (ii. p. 16). You will recollect that Major Sparrow exhibited a specimen of this rare ege to us in January last (see Bull. B.O.C., xv. p. 59), which was the only one that [ had previously seen. * The Municipal Museum of Durban is placed in two rooms in the Town Hall which are much crowded. The specimens of native birds are unfortunately mixed up with the general series, but there are some interesting birds amongst them, such as Nisaétus spilogaster, Macherhamphus anderssoni, Nycticorax leuconotus, and Ardea ardesiaca. Tt isto be hoped that the Municipality of Durban will soon provide better quarters for their Museum, which in its present state and position is quite unworthy of their important and flourishing city. The curator is Mr. J. F. Quekett. * At Maritzburg, the capital of Natal, to which we pro- ceeded from Durban, the newly built Government Museum is under the charge of Mr. E. Warren as director. Here, also, there is a good series of native birds, unfortunately 5 [Vol. xvi. mixed up with foreign specimens. In my opinion all Museums should have as good a series illustrative of the local Fauna as can be obtained, kept separate from the _ general collection; most naturalists, I believe, agree with me in this opinion. Worthy of special notice in this Museum was a fine pair of the Bearded Vulture (Gypaétus ossifragus) from the Drakensburg. « After Maritzburg the next long halt was made at Johannesburg, where the Sections sat on three mornings and completed their work. The only ornithological paper read in Section D was one by Mr. W. L. Sclater on the migration of birds in the Southern Hemisphere. This is a most interesting subject on which much more information is required. Mr. Sclater’s paper will be published, I believe, in the second part of the “Journal of the South African Ornithologists’ Union,” which is now nearly ready for press. « Among the objects exhibited in the temporary Museum attached to the Sectional meeting rooms at Johannesburg, was the private collection of birds and eggs belonging to Mr. Lionel E. Taylor, of the Forest Department of the Transvaal. Mr. Taylor’s collection consists of 340 speci- mens referable to about 260 species, all obtained by himself, mostly in the neighbourhood of Irene, Transvaal, where he resides. Mr. Taylor has kindly furnished me with the following notes on some of the more interesting specimens | in his collection. 1. HyrpocH@RA FUNEREA. This bird appears to be common at Irene. I have also seen it on the Magaliesberg, near Barberton. I have observed just as many with red (salmon-coloured) bills as with white bills, but the latter colour is given in the text-books. 2. PETRONIA PETRONELLA. This is a rare bird at Irene, or, at any rate, not often seen about here. Vol. xvi.] 6 3. SERINUS RENDALLI. I shot a bird exactly corresponding with the description of this species, but unfortunately could not preserve the specimen. I saw in Johannesburg two other examples of the same bird, but it is rare here. 4. PyYRRHULAUDA VERTICALIS. This bird I met with near Hanover, Cape Colony. 5. PyRRHULAUDA AUSTRALIS. This species is common round Pretoria. 6. ANTHUS TRIVIALIS. I obtained a male example of the Tree-pipit at Irene on December 12th, 1903, and another on the 18th of January, 1904. The last record I can find of this species south of the Zambesi is that of Jameson in 1880. 7. ACROCEPHALUS PHRAGMITIS. Of this rare migrant (so far south) I obtained a single specimen at Irene on January 4th, 1904. 8. CoRACIAS MOSAMBICUS. I obtained a single example of this Roller near Barberton. 9. Iynx RUFICOLLIS. I shot an example of this Wryneck at Irene on February 10th, 1904, and saw another in September, 1904. It is rare, but I think it is resident in the Transvaal all through the year. 8. INDICATOR MINOR. I have obtained this bird at Trene. I am not aware that it has been previously recorded from the Transvaal. 9. BARBATULA EXTONI. I found this Barbet common near Barberton, on the Crocodile River. a [Vol. xvi. 10. Curysococcyx KLAASI. I shot one of these Cuckoos at Barberton on June 25th, 1905, and there was one if not two pairs of them there. It has only been usually observed in South Africa in the months from January to March. The latest date on which I have found the allied C. cwpreus here is on April 18th, and it generally leaves some weeks before that date. 11. TiInnuNcULUS NAUMANNI. This is the commonest species of Kestrel here in the summer, and is generally seen in large flocks. At certain times they feed almost entirely on the Red Hunting Spiders, which swarm on the ground after rain. 12. CrEXx PRATENSIS. A female of this Crake was shot at Irene on December 12th, 1903. It is not a common bird about here. “ At Johannesbure on August 30th I had the honour of being present at the Anniversary Meeting of the South African Ornithologists’ Union. The attendance was not large, it being a busy day of the Association, but all spoke hopefully of the prospects of the new Society, and I am sure British Ornithologists will join me in wishing it every sort of prosperity in a country where such a large field is open for observation and discovery. “ After spending nearly a week at Johannesburg we pro- ceeded to Pretoria, which is still the principal seat of the administration of the Transvaal Colony. Here the chief objects of attraction to the naturalist are the Zoological Gardens and the Museum, situated in a pleasant suburb north of the city, of both of which Dr. J. W. B. Gunning, F.Z.8., is the director. I need not trouble this meeting with particulars about the Gardens, as there is nothing of very special interest in the series of birds there. But I may say shortly that the buildings and general arrange- ment of the Gardens do great credit to the director, who has only had charge of them since 1897, and that, con- Vol. xvi.] 8 sidering the difficulties he had to contend with during the war, and the distance of Pretoria from any seaport, the success which he has achieved is truly remarkable. “The Transvaal Museum, which adjoins the Gardens, is a new building lately erected at the cost of the State. It contains a good series of South African birds, which are well-mounted, arranged, and labelled. “At Bloemfontein, the capital of the Orange River Colony, there is a Museum, under the charge of Dr. Dodt, containing a small collection of mounted birds, many of which were collected by Dr. Exton, a correspondent of Layard, who named Barbatula extoni after him. ‘* At Bloemfontein also I had the pleasure of meeting Capt. B. R. Horsbrugh, A.8.C., a member of this Union, who is well acquainted with the Avifauna of the Transvaal. He has sent many good birds home alive to Mr. Seth-Smith, and has written some notes on the birds of the district round Bloemfontein in the ‘ Avicul- tural Magazine” (n.s. ii. p. 250). * Besides the Museums which I have mentioned, I am told that there are three others in South Africa in which small collections of native birds are exhibited. These are the Albany Museum at Grahamstown, of which Dr. 8. Schénland is director, the Museum at Kingwilliamstown, opened about a year ago, of which Mr. H. Pym is the curator, and the Rhodesia Museum at Buluwayo, in Rhodesia, of which Mr. F. P. Mennell, F.G.S., is curator. I should be glad of further information about these insti- tutions, which I have not been able to visit. ** Before concluding these remarks I will add a few words upon the birds that I saw im life in South Africa. It will be understood that, travelling by railway and stopping principally in the large cities, [ had not much opportunity of taking notes on African bird-life. But during three weeks’ residence at Cape Town, where I was living in a suburban villa with a well-treed garden attached to it and with many other similar villas surrounding it, I had some chance of watching the feathered inhabitants. My con- 9 [Vol. xvi. clusions were that the Avifauna of Cape Town and its suburbs is rather poor in species, as in individuals. I saw examples of about 10 species only that I could certainly recognize. These were: Sitagra capensis, Passer arcuatus, Motacilla capensis, Zosterops capensis, Lanius collaris, Laniarius gutturalis, Turdus olivaceus, Cossypha caffra, Turtur capicola and Turtur senegalensis. “The commonest bird at Cape Town is certainly Turtur capicola, the harsh and grating love-call of which (“ Chuck- kee-wah”’) is heard almost perpetually morning and evening in the spring months. The other Dove (7. senegalensis) is not quite so plentiful, but has a pleasant laughing note. The Sparrow (Passer arcuatus) is not so numerous as our domestic bird, but will, I trust, long succeed in main- taining itself at Cape Town against the European invader, which, however, I am told, is pressing it hard in other parts of South Africa. “The “ Robin” of Cape Town is Cossypha caffra, easily known by its red tail, and Twrdus olivaceus is the Thrush. But the bird that interested me most was the Yellow Weaver-bird, Sitagra capensis, which builds its round and neatly-constructed nests in communities, in the most public places. I exhibit some specimens of the nests taken from a colony in an oak-tree in the Municipal Gardens, which are in the middle of the city close to Government House and the Houses of Parliament. “Tt is curious that out of the ten commonest birds of Cape Town five belong to genera also found in England.” Dr. Sctarer announced that there were still copies in hand of the “ Recensio Critica Automatica of the doctrine of Bird Migration,” by Otto Herman (which had been sent by the author to the British Ornithologists’ Union for dis- tribution amongst the Members), and that he would be happy to supply a copy to any Members who had not already received one. Mr. E.G. B. Meapr-Watpo made a statement regarding Vol. xvi.] 10 the financial position of the Kite-Fund, showing that the expenses of the previous year had exceeded the sum in hand by £8. He made a fresh appeal for further subserip- tions for 1906, which was cordially responded to by the members present. Mr. Meade-Waldo further remarked that owing to the zeal of Dr. Salter and the kind co-operation of the landlords, and of some other gentlemen, who had warmly taken the matter up, two pairs of Kites had succeeded (for the first time in ten years, it was believed) in successfully bringing off their broods of two young ones each. It was now possible to save from extermination in this country the last remaining pairs of this grand bird. Lord Cawdor had built a hut for a watcher so close to one nest that it was a matter of surprise that the Kites had continued their nest- ing operations, and had reared their young ones, although a watcher and his dog were continually within fifty yards. It was unanimously agreed that letters of thanks from the members of the British Ornithologists’ Club should be addressed to Earl Cawdor, Mr. Campbell Davys, and Dr. J. H. Salter, expressing their warm appreciation of the highly successful efforts which had been made to protect the Kite in South Wales. Mr. Howarp Savunpers, on behalf of Mr. E. C. Arnold, of Eastbourne College, Eastbourne, exhibited the following birds :— Pratincola maura (Pall.), the Eastern representative of the Stonechat (P. rubicola) of Western and Southern Europe. Increased blackness was the principal character- istic of this form, which ranges from the extreme east of Europe, through Asia, to Japan. The example exhibited was shot by Mr. Arnold’s brother near Cley, Norfolk, on September 2nd, 1904. Emberiza aureola, the Yellow-breasted Bunting, shot by Mr. E. C. Arnold near Cley on 21st September, 1905. From 11 [Vol. xvi. the plumage it appeared to be a young female. Mr.Saunders had for a long time expected the occurrence of this Species as a wanderer to Great Britain, inasmuch as it had been thrice recorded from Heligoland, eleven times from Northern Italy, twice from Austria, and often from South- eastern France. It was said to breed regularly at Archangel and eastward. Dr. Ernst Harterr exhibited some new sub-species of birds, which he described as follows :— REGULUS REGULUS ANGLORUM, subsp. Nn. Differs from Regulus requlus requlus of Northern Europe in its darker plumage, the upper surface being darker and more olive, the underside somewhat more tinged with brownish. It seems to be generally slightly smaller, but this difference is not very striking. The wing ranges in the continental.form from 53°5 to 55:5 mm., seldom to 56°5 and 57, while in British males it is, as a rule, from 52 to 54 mm. long, but one male from Sussex has the wing 57 mm. ! Hab. Great Britain, Isle of Wight, Scotland, and Ireland. Type gad. Tring 31. x. 1900. H. Hartert coll. (No. 3119). SITTA FRONTALIS PALAWANA, Subsp. n. The Sitta inhabiting Palawan has been hitherto united with Sitta frontalis frontalis, which extends over India to the Malay Peninsula, and, it is said, to Java. Thus a very curious and interrupted distribution was accepted, as Borneo is inhabited by Sitta frontalis corallipes (Sharpe) with orange-red feet. The Palawan form, however, is not quite like the continental S. frontalis, for the chin and upper throat are not whitish, but vinous brownish, very little paler than the breast; and the black superciliary line is wider and more conspicuous. | * Hab. Palawan and Balabac. Type ¢ ad. Puerto Vol. xvi. ] 12 Princesa, Palawan, January, 1898. W. Doherty coll. (No. 1198). LripaNGus* HOLERYTHRUS ROSENBERGI, subsp. n. Differs from L. holerythrus holerythrus, Scl. & Salv., which inhabits Central America, and ranges from Vera Paz to Chiriqui (type from Guatemala), in its much deeper, almost cinnamon-chestnut colour throughout, both above and below. This is especially striking on the breast, which is deeper in colour than the throat, lower abdomen and under tail-coverts, as well as on the sides of the head, wings and tail. Males and females are alike in colour, but the latter are a little smaller. Two males collected by Mr. Rosenberg on the Rio Dagua, have wings measuring 105 and 106 mm.; two females collected by the same traveller at Cachabé, have wings of 99 and about 102 mm. The specimens from Yuntas, on the Rio Dagua, collected by Raap, have the wines 97°5 to 105°5 mm. The tails measure 86 to 94 mm.; the bills 19 to 21:3 mm. “Iris, hght brown; feet slate or blue-grey; bill dark brown, with the basal half of the lower mandible whitish.” Hab. South-west Colombia (Rio Dagua), and North- west Ecuador (Cachabé, Bultin). Type ¢ ad., collected by Mr. F. W. Rosenberg, on the Rio Dagua, 1. vi., 1895 (No. 1695). “Of this new form we have two ¢ Rio Dagua, F. W. Rosenberg coll.; two 2 Cachabé, North-west Ecuador, F. W. Rosenberg coll., 500 feet above the sea (Nos. 113, 189) ; one“ 2” (probably ¢) Bultin, 160 feet above the sea, 26, 7, 1901, Fleming and Miketta coll. (No. 344); and seven 3 ¢ (in some of which the sex has evidently been wrongly determined) from Yuntas on the Rio Dagua, 400 metres above the sea, collected by W. Raap; (Nos. 594, 596, 597, 628, 633, 643, 647). These I have compared with thirteen Central American skins. This bird seems to inhabit the hot coast region and hills of South-west Colombia and * The Author is responsible for the spelling : the name should be written Lipaugus.—ED, : cece ie ata 13 [Vol. xvi. North-west Ecuador, but it may have a wider range than we know of at present. “Tn the “ Novitates Zoologice,’’ 1898, I mentioned this form under the name ‘ Lipangus holerythrus, as new to Heuador. At that time I had no typical example of L. holerythrus for comparison. “The case of LD. holerythrus is a most interesting parallel to Lathria unirufus castaneotinctus and Aulia rufescens tertia (cf. Nov. Zool., 1902, pp. 609, 610), both of which differ from the Central American sub-species by being deeper and richer in colour. I am exhibiting these forms and their allies.” The Hon. Watter Rotuscuttp, Ph.D., M.P., read the following notes on extinct Parrots from the West Indies, and exhibited drawings of them :— “ During the course of my lecture on Extinct Birds, delivered before the members of the Fourth International Ornithological Congress, I mentioned and described a number of Parrots from the West Indies. The descrip- tions of these birds were taken from the works of Labat, Pére Bouton, and Du Tertre. As the proceedings of the Congress will not be issued before some months have elapsed, I think it best to publish the newly-named species in the Bulletin of the B.O.C.” Conurus LABATI, NOM. Nn. About the size of a Blackbird. Entirely green, except a small patch of red on the crown, bill white. Hab. Island of Guadeloupe. Extinct. (Ex. Labat, Voy. aux iles de PAmeér., IT., p. 218; 1742.) ANADORHYNCHUS PURPURASCENS, Nom. Nl. Entirely violet. Native name of the Caraibes “Onécouli.” Hab. Island of Guadeloupe. Extinct. (Ex. Don de Navaret, Rel. Voy. Christ. Colombe, IT., p- 425; 1838.) Vol. xvi.) 14 ANADORHYNCHUS MARTINICUS, nom. Nn. Upper surface and head blue, chest and rest of under surface orange. Hab. Island of Martinique. Extinct. (Ex. Pere Jacques Bouton, Rel. de l’établiss. d. Francais dep. 1635, en Vile Martinique, pp. 71, 72; 1640.) ARA ERYTHROCEPHALA, nom. 0. Head red, rest of body bright green. Wings and greater coverts blue. Tail above scarlet and blue, under- side of tail and wings intense orange-yellow. Hab. Mountains of Trelawny and St. Anne’s, Jamaica, procured by Mr. White, proprietor of the Oxford Estate. Extinct. (Ex. Gosse, B. Jamaica, pp. 261, 262.) ARA GOSSEI, nom. n. Forehead, crown, and back of neck bright yellow, sides of face, anterior and lateral parts of neck and back bright scarlet, wing-coverts and breast deep blood-red, winglet and primaries light blue, tail red and yellow. Basal half of the upper mandible black, apical half ash-coloured ; lower mandible black, tip only ash-coloured. Legs and feet said to have been black. Hab. Mountains of Hanover parish, about ten miles east of Lucea, Jamaica. Specimen shot about 1765, by Mr. Odell. (Ex. Gosse, B. Jamaica, p. 260.) 6s Gosse says: ‘ If this be not the A. tricolor of Levaillant, which is the only Macaw I am aware of marked with a yellow nape, it is probably undescribed.’ In spite of the evident differences in the description, the Jamaican Ara has always been united with the Cuban A. tricolor, even as lately as October, 1905, by Mr. Austin H. Clark (Auk 1905, p. 348), though he queries it in a footnote. I think that ornithologists will agree with me that the Jamaican bird was distinct. IL may also mention that a small Macaw, also supposed to have been A. tricolor, was found - : 15 [Vol. xvi. on Hayti. This, in my opinion, must have been a third species, but we have no definite description of it.” | In addition to these the following parrots had been described from the West Indies :— EXtTInct. + Anadorhynchus ceeruleus (Gm.), Jamaica. QYBTAe Ara guadaloupensis Clark, Dominica. / Ara tricolor (Bechst.), Cuba. Amazona violaceas (Gin.), Guadaloupe. Amazona martinicana Clark, Martinique. Aumost Extinct. Amazona guilding: (Vig.), St. Vincent. Livine. Amazone agilis (Linn.), Jamaica. Amazona collarius* (Linn.), Jamaica. Amazona leucocephalus caymanensis (Cory), Grand Cayman. Amazona leucocephalus leucocephalus (Linn.), Cuba. Amazona leucocephala bahamensis (Bryant), Bahamas. Amazone salle (Scl.), Haiti, yentee's s Amazona vittata (Bodd.), Porto Rico. Amazona imperialis (Richm.), Dominica. | Amazona bouqueti (Bechst.), Dominica. Arn 3) cQ EG Seated (Mull), St. Lucia. Conurus euops (Wagl.), Cuba. Conurus chloropterus (Souancé), St. Domingo. +Conurus maugei (Souancé), Mona Island. ch lor Op (2% Conurus nanus (Vig.), Jamaica. Conurus pertinaa (Linn.), Curacoa and St. Thomas. The Hon. Waurer Roruscuitp also exhibited a clutch of three eges of Comatibis eremita, which had been taken last “= The Author is responsible for this and the following false concords.—ED. Vol. xvi.] 16 spring near Mogador in Southern Morocco. The ege's were bluish-white, sparingly spotted, chiefly near the thick end with dark brown. The shell was somewhat coarse, prac- tically without gloss, having irregular deep pores and a few longitudinal grooves. When held against the light the shell appeared dark green. The eggs measure respectively 62°5 x 43°5, 61-1 x 44°5, and 64-2 x 44°7 mm. Mr. W. R. Oaiivie-Grantr described six new species of birds which had been procured by Mr. Walter Goodfellow, in South-east Mindanao. PriLOcOLPA MINDANENSIS, Sp. 0. Adult male. Very similar to the male of P. nigrorum, Whitehead, but with the chin, throat and upper part of the chest nearly pure white, stead of. grey, and the breast deep greyish-black. Iris creamy-white; eyelids pale grey; bill scarlet at the base, pinkish-white towards the tip; feet dull purple. Total length about 13-0 inches, wing 8-1, tail 4:5. Hab. Mt. Apo, 8000 feet, South-east Mindanao, March, 1905. CHRYSOCOLAPTES MONTANUS, subsp. 2. Adult male and female differ from the male and female of C. lucidus in having the mantle and wing-coverts orange with scarcely a tinge of crimson. In the female also the top of the head and occipital crest are orange, not washed with crimson. In the male the iris is red; the upper mandible black, the lower greenish-yellow ; and the feet blackish-grey. In the female the iris is ruby-red; the upper mandible black, the lower greenish-yellow; and the feet greyish- olive. Total length about 9°5 inches; culmen, 1°5; wing, 5:2; tail, 2°9; tarsus, 1-1. Hab. Mt. Apo, 8000 feet, and Piso, South-east Min- danao, February to April, 1905, aly) [Vol. xvi. CEYX GOODFELLOWI, Sp. n. Adult male.—Most nearly alhed to C. malamauwi, Steere, but the back, rump, and upper tail-coverts are of a brilliant ultramarine blue, tinged with cobalt on the middle of the lower back and rump; the feathers of the crown and nape are also tipped with much the same brilliant colour; the wine-coverts and scapulars like those of C. malamaw are of a deep purplish-blue. Iris dark brown, almost black; bill, feet and nails bright vermilion. Total length about 5:0 inches ; culmen, 1°55; wing, 2°5; tail, 0°85; tarsus, 0°4. Hab. oe South-east Mindanao, May, 1905. BoLBOPSITTACUS MINDANENSIS, sp. n. = Hier. , 4.p, Sb, Adult male.—Most nearly allied to B. intermedius, Salvad., but the forehead and crown are of a yellower green and the same green colour extends across the cheeks and below the eye to the gape. The blue collar across the hind neck is of a brilliant cobalt. Iris, brownish ; bill, grey at the base, black towards the tip; feet, grey, slightly washed with pale green. Total length about 5:5 inches ; culmen, 0:7; wing, 4:0; tail, 1-4; tarsus, 0°5. Adult female.—Very similar to the female of B. inter- medius, but with the forehead and crown of a yellower oreen. Hab. Piso and Davao, South-east pan oanae: February to April, 1905. RHINOMYIAS GOODFELLOWI, Sp. 0. Adult female.—General colour above, including the wings and tail, dark slate shading into dull black on the top of the head and ear-coverts; a narrow white band across the base of the bill, continued over the lores in a narrow superciliary stripe; lores and feathers surrounding the upper eyelid, black; chin, throat, middle of breast, belly and under tail- coverts, whitish; chest, sides and flanks, brownish-buff ; axillaries, under wing-coverts and inner edge of quills, whitish. Iris, dark reddish-brown; the bill black; and the feet ashy-grey. Vol. xvi. | 18 Total length, about 6-2 inches ; culmen, 0°85; wing, 3°5 ; tail, 2°7 ; tarsus, 0°85. Hab. Mt. Apo, 8000 feet, South-east Mindanao, March, 1905. Prricrocotus JOHNSTONITA, Sp. Nn. Adult male-—Most nearly allied to P. croceus, Sharpe, from the south of the Malay Peninsula, but differs in having an oblong orange-yellow mark on the terminal portion of the outer web of the six median secondary quills; the chin and throat glossy black, like the crown and mantle, and the breast and underparts deep yellow, less tinged with orange. The tail-feathers are black, tipped with orange, increasing in width, so that the outer pairs have the terminal half orange. The iris black or very dark brown; and the bill and feet black. Total length about 6°5 inches; wing, 3°3; tail, 3:2; tarsus, 0:6. Adult female.—Differs considerably from the female of P. croceus in having a narrow bright yellow band across the forehead continued backwards over the lores in short super- ciliary stripes ; the chin, throat, andall the yellow parts of the plumage bright yellow instead of orange, the six median secondary quills with an oblong yellow mark on the ter- minal half of the outer web. From the female of P. leytensis, Steere, it is easily dis- tinguished by the narrower and much brighter yellow band across the forehead, as well as by the shining blackish-grey crown and mantle. Hab. Mt. Apo, 7000 feet, South-east Mindanao, March, 1905. This remarkably fine collection also included the following 17 species, making a total of 23 forms new to the British Museum : Goodfellowia miranda, Hartert. Calornis todayensis (Mearns). Turdus kellert (Mearns). 19 [Vol. xvi. Hypocryptadius connamomeus, Hartert. Zosterops goodfellowi, Hartert. Hyloterpe apoensis, Mearns. Aithopyga boltom, Mearns. Macronus mindanensis montanus, Mearns. Brachypteryx mindanensis, Mearns. Pseudotharrhaleus unicolor, Hartert (? = P. griseipectus, Mearns). Rhipidura nigrocinnamomea, Hartert. Muscicapula montigena, Mearns. Stoparola nigriloris, Hartert. Parus elegans mindanensis, Mearns. Trichoglossus johnstonice, Hartert. Prioniturus waterstradti, Rothschild. Caprimulgus affinis mindanensis, Mearns. Mr. D. Setu-Smiru made the following remarks :— (1.) Young of the Varied Hemipode (Turmix varia). «7 have experimented in breeding the Australian Varied Hemipode in my aviary during the past summer, and succeeded in rearing two of the young birds to maturity. I have already published a full account of this in the “ Avicultural Magazine,” so need say very little about it except to explain the specimens I have to exhibit. “The period of incubation is remarkably short in all the species of Hemipodes, and in this species only lasts about thirteen days, though it varies somewhat according to the temperature of the weather. I have here two newly- hatched chicks, in which it is interesting to notice their peculiar hairiness, especially on the nape. Then I have a@ specimen nine days old, which is just beginning to fledge, and another fourteen days old, which is practically feathered, except on the head, and would be perfectly capable of flight. I have also a bird twenty-five days old, which is hardly distinguishable from the adult male. I reared two specimens to maturity, and when between six and seven weeks old the young female had assumed her full adult colouring, and when eight weeks old I noticed Vol. xvi.] 20 her display to the male and call him to feed after the manner of the fully adult bird—in fact, she was perfectly adult at about seven weeks old. I have described the dis- play of the female very fully in the number of the ‘* Avicul- tural Magazine” for last August. (2.) Young Regent Bower-Bird (Sericulus melinus). **'This bird was bred this year in the aviary of my friend, Mr. Reginald Phillipps, who has kindly supplied me with notes on the subject. ‘“He has had a male and two females together in his aviary this summer, the male having been in his possession for over six years, and the two females since January, 1903. On July 20th a nest built of hay was discovered in a large basket, and the female had probably been sitting some three days. On August 6th the eldest youngster was hatched, and Mr. Phillipps believes the second was hatched two days later, and he therefore concludes that the second egg was laid two days after the first. On August 22nd both young birds left the nest, with wings well developed, but miserably clad about the body, although in their own warm climate they would have been sufficiently protected. The youngest died during the night of Sep- tember 10th-11th, being apparently poisoned by nibbling at the shoots of an elder-tree. «The period of incubation appears to be nineteen or twenty days. “The female alone attended to the eggs and young, and was much annoyed at the presence of the male and second female, whom she persistently endeavoured to drive away, occasionally attacking them fiercely. “The male and second female appeared to be anxious to breed, and would most probably have done so had it not been for the cold weather and the persecution they endured from the nesting female. ‘Mr. Phillipps believes these birds to be polygamous. “The other young bird is now full grown, and almost indistinguishable from its mother.” 21 [Vol. xvi. Mr. J. D. La Tovcur forwarded the following descrip- tions of two new birds from China :— LocustELLA STYANI, sp. n. Near L. ochotensis (Midd.), but with a much longer and stouter bill. Upper plumage greyer and duller. Terminal bar on the tail-feathers narrow. Second primary equal to the 5th, or between the 5th and 6th. In L. ochotensis the 2nd primary is between the 3rd and 5th. Six specimens (1¢ and 52), collected at Foochow and Swatow, South-east China, in late spring and early autumn. PYRRHULA RICKETTI, sp. n. Very near P. mipalensis, Hodgson, but smaller and darker. In the male the centres of the feathers of the crown are . very dark, giving a scaly appearance to that part. The white streak under the eye in both sexes is much smaller and duller than in the Himalayan bird. Fifteen specimens (7 ¢ and 82) from the mountains of North-west Fokien, South-east China. Mr. La Touche also stated that Cettia minuta, Swinhoe, is the female of Cetiia canturiens of Swinhoe. This fact had been proved by the shooting of the female C. minuta at the nest of O. canturiens. In further support of this statement he said that he had never yet procured a female specimen of C. cantwriens, nor had he received an authentic male of C.minuta. It was also probable that Cettia cantans minuta of Formosa was the same as C. minuta. He had, however, only one example of that bird, and it was doubtfully sexed asamale. Both the smaller birds were found in company with the larger. Mr. M. J. Nicout exhibited examples of two species of birds new to the British list and made the following remarks :— Vol. xvi.] 22 “1. Lanius nugicus, ¢ adult. “This bird, new to the British list, was shot at Wood- church, Kent, on July 11th, 1905. I examined it in the flesh at Mr. Bristow’s, three days later.” “2, Saxicona sTapazina, Linn. (= 8S. aurita, Temm. cf. Salvad., Ibis, 1904, p. 75), ¢ adult. “T shot this Black-eared Chat on September 9th, 1905, near Pett, Sussex. “Tt undoubtedly belongs to the eastern form, having the underside of the wing and the axillaries jet black. This is the first time that this form has occurred in Britain, the two previous examples of the Black-eared Chat being refer- able to the western form, Sawicola caterinx, Whitaker (cf. Ball, B:O.C., XU, p. 78, and XV. p. 7). «The wind had been westerly or south-westerly-since the 1st September, with the exception of a few hours on the 6th, when it shifted to the south-east. On September 7th a south-westerly gale sprang up, accompanied by heavy rain which fell continually for the next three days. On September 9th, the day on which I shot this rare strageler, the rain was falling heavily and the gale was at its highest. “The points of distinction between this species and S. stapazina, as given by Mr. Whitaker (Ibis, 1898, p. 624), hold good in all the specimens that I have examined in the British Museum, except as regards the colour of the scapulars, which Mr. Whitaker describes as creamy in S. caterine. In many examples, however, the scapulars are quite as black as in typical specimens of Sa«icola stapazina. The best point of distinction between the two forms is in my opinion the light colour of the under side of the primaries and secondaries in the latter.” Mr. Nicoll also exhibited an adult male example of Acrocephalus aquaticus, and gave the following account of its capture :— “JT shot an Aquatic Warbler on August 18th, 1905, near 23 . [Vol. xvi. Rye, Sussex. A warm south-easterly wind had been blow- ing for about 24 hours, and as such weather conditions are stated by Gitke (Birds of Heligoland) to be favourable for the arrival of this species in some numbers in Heligoland, about the middle of August, I was specially looking out for it. During that day I saw about half a dozen Aquatic Warblers in one large reed-bed. This species may at once be recognized, even in flight, by the very light colour of _ the upper parts, and seems to be much more skulking in its habits than the Sedge Warbler.” Mr. Nicoll further exhibited an immature female of the common Wheatear (Sawicola cnanthe) with a partially white head and neck, and with the tips of some of the wing coverts white. He had shot this bird on August 15th, near Rye. Mr. Nicoll also read the following notes on Chiysotis guildingt, from the Island of St. Vincent, W.I. “When I was collecting in the West Indies, during the winter of 1903-04, we visited St. Vincent. Mr. Clarke was, at that time, collecting birds in the island, and subsequently published an account of the species he had met with in the “ West Indian Bulletin.”” He obtained several examples of this Parrot, which, though very rare, was not at that time extinct. It occurs on all the highest peaks of St. Vincent, only a small portion of which was affected by the eruption which had occurred a year before Mr. Clarke procured his specimens.” Mr. R. Kemp exhibited examples of a Waxbill (Estrilda) from the Niger River, which were believed to represent a new species, but might prove to be the H. poliopareia, Reichenow, from the Congo. He stated that he had forwarded examples of this bird to Dr. Reichenow for comparison, and that if the Niger birds were really distinct a description would appear in the next number of the Bulletin. Mr. H. F. Wrrnersy exhibited an example of the Aquatic Warbler (Acrocephalus aquaticus) and an Icterie Warbler Vol. xvi.] 24 (Hypolais icterina), both of which had been taken at St. Catherine’s Lighthouse, Isle of Wight, in the early hours of the morning of September 29th, 1905. Both birds were females and birds of the year. The Icterine Warbler was the first record of that species for Hampshire. The Aquatic Warbler was the third for that county, the first occurrence being claimed by Mr. Hart, who shot a specimen at Christchurch in 1876. This record had been omitted from Mr. Howard Saunders’ “ Manual.” Mr. Saunders remarked that he had probably seen this specimen too late to insert the record in the last edition of his “ Manual,” although it appeared in Mr. Hart’s catalogue (1904). Mr. Witherby added that these two interesting birds would have been entirely overlooked had it not been for the systematic ‘‘ scheduling ” of the Southern Lighthouses by the Migration Committee. Dr. F. G. Penrosr read the business Report of the Migration Committee :— “Your Migration Committee beg to submit the first portion of this year’s report. Part I. “ As regards the land observations, they have more than fulfilled our expectations; the number of observers has been 172, and we have altogether received from them 738 schedules containing over 15,000 separate records. “On the other hand, the records from the lighthouses have been scanty, and, so far, disappointing. We have found that no reliance could be placed on observations unaccompanied by wings, such birds as Willow Wrens, Redstarts, Nightingales, etc., being generally entered as Wrens or Flycatchers. Of the 50 lighthouses, to the keepers of which schedules were sent, records were received from 31, but the total number of wings. received from the lighthouses amounted only to 350. 25 E Wolke saya “We have been busily employed in working out the results, and our report is now practically finished, and only needs final revision. We propose at the next meeting of the Club to lay before you a general summary of the spring migration as a whole, and a detailed descrip- tion of the movements of two or three species which we have selected as illustrative of the different methods of arrival and dispersal. “ As regards the publication of the report in full, we are strongly of opinion that it should be in the hands of those interested, in January at the latest. By this means those observers throughout the country, whose records have made this enquiry possible, will gain a knowledge of the results obtained and realize more clearly what is required of them before another season commences. We quite realize that there will be considerable difficulty in the publication of the report out of the funds of the Club, and we would therefore suggest that the Members should discuss this question to-night, and, if possible, give some definite in- struction to their Committee. “The results of this year’s work seem to us so promising that we hope that it may become possible for these investi- gations to be continued during a term of years. As may be easily imagined, the labour of classifying, arranging and working out the mass of material received has been very ereat, but we are quite willing to undertake the work in the future, if sufficient funds are forthcoming to carry it on. ; “We are happy to say that the liberality of the Club in empowering us to spend £20 has practically covered expenses for this year’s work, so that we do not propose to ask for any funds to-night, but after reading our report at the next meeting we propose to bring forward a short financial statement, together with some indication of the amount required for future work, and a scheme whereby the necessary funds may be raised. In the meantime we shall be extremely grateful for any sugges- Vol. xvi.] 26 tions from members either now or before the next meeting on this subject.” (Signed) Frank Penrose, Chairman. Micuaru J. Nico... Norman F. Tickuurst. Harry F. WItTHERBY. J. Lewis Bonuore, Secretary. On the motion of Mr. Howarp Saunpers, seconded by Mr. O«tivre-GRantT, it was unanimously decided that the Migration Report should be published as a separate volume of the Bulletin of the Club; that the copies should be sold to defray the expenses of publication ; and that any deficit in the necessary funds should be raised by appealing to the Members of the Club. The Editor reminds the Members of the Club that there are still on hand a large number of packets of postcards representing some of the nesting-groups of birds in the British Museum. The proceeds of all sales will be utilized in defraying the expenses in connection with the work of the B.O.C. Migration Committee, Kite-Fund, ete. Each packet contains a set of thirteen excellent pictures, price ls., and may be had either from Mr. Witherby, 326, High Holborn, W.C., or from the Editor at the Natural History Museum, 8.W. The next meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 15th November, 1905, at 8.50, at the Restaurant Frascati, 32, Oxford Street ; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members intend- ing to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326, High Holborn, W.C. 27 [Vol. xvi. | N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the Hditor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publi- cation. | (Signed) P, L. Scuarer, W. R. Ocinvre-Grant, H. F. Wirurrsy, Chairman. Editor. Sec. & Treas. * . 1. eee BULLETIN OF THE Bailtish “ORNITHOLOGISTS CLUB. No. CxXIX. THe hundred and eighteenth meeting of the Club was held at the Restaurant Frascati, 32, Oxford Street, on Wednesday, the 15th November, 1905. Chairman: P. L. Scuarer, F.R.S. Members present :—KH. Bipweit, J. L. Bonnorr, Rev. Apttan Huuison, A. H. Evans, J. Gerrarp, F. Giniert, N. Gitroy, H. Harrert, Ph.D., F. W. Heapury, G. EH. Loper, W. R. Oeitvin-Grant (Hditor), Rev. H. H. Mruxs, H. Mount, Turrep Prarsz, F. G. Penrosz, M.D., W. P. Pycrarr, R. H. Reap, W. WH. Renavt, C. B. Rickert, J. Sargent, H. SaunpErs, D. Seru-Smuiru, C. B. Tice- HuRST, N. F. TickHurst, M.D., A. Trevor-Barrys, L. A. Witiiams, H. f. Witnersy (Secretary and Treasurer). Visitors :—J. A. Waurote Bonn, G. GoupiE. The Treasurer made his yearly statement of accounts, showing that the financial state of the Club was in a satis- factory condition. Mr. J. L. Bonwore, as Secretary of the Migration Com- mittee, read their report in so far as concerned the Spring. . [November 29th, 1905. ] VOL. XVI. Vol. XVI. | 30 immigrations of the Swallow (Hirundo rustica), Nightingale (Aédon luscinia), Yellow Wagtail (Motacilla campestris), and Lesser Whitethroat (Sylvia curruca), as illustrating the results which had been arrived at from the observations made this year. It was hoped that these results might be published in January, and the Committee proposed to ask the Club for funds at the February meeting to continue the work in the future, after members had had time to examine the report and judge whether it seemed to justify a continuance of the work. On behalf of Mr. H. Evelyn Rawson, Mr. Howarp SaunpERS exhibited two Pheasants, supposed by the former to be hybrid birds. On examination, however, one proved to be a male (partial albino) of the common hybrid Pheasant of England, while the other was an immature male of the Golden Pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus) in its first year’s autumn plumage. Dr. Ernst Harrerr described two new birds as follows: 1. AMYTORNIS WOODWARDI, sp. 0. Differs from A. houset (Milligan) in having the throat and foreneck white, instead of striped with black and white; the tail much longer; and a uniform black malar stripe. The sides of the neck and foreneck, as well as the top of the head, hind neck and upper back, black, each feather with a white shaft-line, which, however, is not a mere straight line, but has short and fine lateral branches, thus looking like a line of tiny arrow-heads. Upper back also with some dark chestnut stripes, ramp and upper tail- coverts chestnut, with blackish-brown median stripes and light brown shaft-lines. Abdomen of male cinnamon, that of female chestnut. Under tail-coverts blackish with buff shaft-lines and buff or cinnamon edges. Remiges brownish-black, with very narrow dark brown margins. Upper wing-coverts black, with white shaft-lines. Rec- trices brownish-black, with narrow rufous outer edges. Bill (in skin) blackish horn-colour, legs horn-brown, iris 31 [Vol. xvi. brown. ¢,2 wing 74 to 77; tail about 106 to 114; bill 13°5 to 15°5; metatarsus 28 to 30 mm. Hab. South Alhegator River, Arnhem-Land, North Australia. Type gad. 10 miles east of South Alligator River, about 85 miles from the coast, 4. vii. 1903, collected by Mr. J. T. Tunney. No. 1805 in Tring Museum. “In the ‘ Novitates Zoologice,’ 1905, pp. 225, 226, I described this bird, of which I had then examined 16 specimens, but I erroneously referred it to Amytornis housei (Miligan). Mr. Henry Woodward, curator of the Perth Museum, has now sent me a specimen of the true Amytormis housei, and I find it to be quite a distinct species. I have, therefore, the pleasure of naming the new bird in honour of Mr. Woodward. In Amytornis houset, originally described as Amytis housei (cf. Rep. Kimberley Expl. Exp., App. B., 1902), the tail is much shorter (in the specimen before me 91 mm.), the throat striated with black and white, each feather being white with black margins, the malar region similarly marked, the chest, breast, and abdomen light chestnut, the former only being slightly marked with buff shaft-lines, the vent and under tail-coverts blackish with rufous shafts, and the upper wing-coverts chestnut, with whitish shaft-lines. In other respects, A. housei is very similar to A. woodwardi. The specimen of A. housei before me is marked as a male.”’ 2. STRIX FLAMMEA GRACILIROSTRIS, subsp. n. Differs from its nearest allies, Strix flammea schmitzi of Madeira and S. flammea kirchhoffi, from the Mediterranean countries, etc., in its small size, and specially in its more slender bill. The upper surface is darker than in SV. /. kirchhoffi, being grey and yellowish-brown, mostly with very fine markings of black and white dots; the face is ight, but more or less tinged with silvery-grey, the underside varies from light cinnamon or rusty-brown to nearly white, tinged with buff, and is generally very finely, but some- times more boldly marked. Wing about 24 to 26°5 cm., tail about 10°5 em. Iris dark brown, upper mandible flesh-colour or rather dark horn-brown, ridge and sides Vol. xvi.] 32 pinkish, under mandible at tip horn-colour, followed by a white line, then flesh-colour, or entirely whitish flesh- colour. Hab. Fuertaventura and Lanzarote, Eastern Canary Islands. Typed Fuertaventura, 28. v. 1904 (No. 2895), in Tring Museum. I have examined five specimens collected by Hauptmann Polatzek. Dr. Sctater exhibited two photographs of the nests of the colony of Cape Weaver-birds (Sitagra capensis) in the Public Gardens at Cape Town, which he had alluded to in his address at the last meeting of the Club (see above, p. 9). These photographs had just been received from Mr. W. L. Sclater. Mr. A. Trevor-BartryE gave a short account of some of the birds he had met with during last September on the Upper Zambesi. He explained that he left the Rhodesian Railway at the Victoria Falls, travelled on horseback about fifty miles to the trading station of Kazungula, and thence by native dug-out canoes up the Zambesi about fifty miles further to Shesheke (King Lewanika’s former capital—now the home of his eldest son, Litia), a missionary station, and the post of a Chartered Company’s Assistant Com- missioner, Mr. W. P. Cockerell. Mr. Trevor-Battye had intended to spend a month or so collecting at Shesheke, but, immediately upon his arrival there, was unavoidably summoned back to England. He was therefore only able to give the members of the Club a general account of the birds seen up and down the river. The river was wooded in character as far as Kazungula, and thence, to Shesheke, ran chiefly through a high, open plain. It therefore followed that the birds seen during the first and the second part of the journey would be more or less distinct. Among the birds seen in the forest region were Meyer’s Parrot (Pwocephalus meyeri). These birds were difficult to detect, as they usually sat among the thick foliage of the masungula trees, and on the trees being approached 33 [Vol. xvi. their noise ceased and the birds remained silent and absolutely motionless. The Crowned Hornbill (Lophoceros melanoleucus) was often seen, flying in large parties from tree to tree. The Grey Louries, or Plantain-eaters (Schizorhis concolor), were usually in pairs; their variety of cries and calls was surprising. They had the Wood- pecker-like habit of flying from the top of one tree to the lowest branches of the next, which they immediately ascended, hopping up from bough to bough with rapidity. Rollers, both Coracias caudatus and C. mosambicus, were also often seen, likewise another Roller, not identified, but probably C. spatulatus. Motacilla vidua was abundant about the rapids, and also M. capensis. Merops bullockoides and M. nubicoides were seen every day. Both these lovely Bee-eaters differed somewhat in habits from M. apvaster. They were never seen flying round with the swallow-like flight of the last named. The first behaved more like a Chat, flying from bush to bush: the second like the Spotted Flycatcher, flymg out to take an insect and returning to its perch. Mr. Trevor-Battye observed that he did not propose to say more of the many other interesting birds seen in this region, as a good many of them had been already referred to by Mr. W. L. Sclater in his paper on the birds of the Victoria Falls (cf. Ibis, 1905, p. 106). He would therefore turn to some of the birds seen on the river itself. The African Pochard (Nyroca erythrophthalma) was in considerable num- bers on the extensive sandbanks, which were also the resort of many striking wading birds. The Sacred Ibis ([bis ethiopica), generally in pairs, sometimes in small com- panies, was always one of the least shy, feeding to the last moment, and reluctantly rismeg on the approach of the canoes to fly round close overhead and settle again at about the same spot. Two migrants, the Greenshank (Glottis nebularius) and the Common Sandpiper (T’ringordes hypoleucus), were noticed, while the White Stork (Ciconia alba) had not yet left on September 26th. The Marabou Stork (Leptoptilus crumeniferus) was seen several times on the open plain. A Pratincole (Glareola pratincola, or, Vol. xvi.] 34 possibly, G. melanoptera) was commonly hawking in con- siderable numbers over the river. The Whiskered Tern (Hydrochelidon hybrida), easily distinguished by its smoky coloration, consorted on the sandbanks with the Scissor- bill (Rhychops flavirostris). Mr. Trevor-Battye saw several individuals of the Goliath Heron (Ardea goliath), but always singly, and it could not be described as a common bird. The Wattled Crane (Bugeranus carunculatus) was seen on several occasions. Perhaps one of the most abun- dant birds on these sandbanks was the Open-billed Stork (Anastomus lamelligerus), recognisable, even at a consider- able distance and without the glass, by its peculiarly shaped head. It was a shy bird—always the first of the company to rise; and as it crossed in front of the canoes against the sky, the light could be seen between its mandibles. The speaker acknowledged his indebtedness to Mr. W. L. Sclater, of the Cape Town Museum, for his kindness in taking him through that collection, which was rapidly becoming a very good one under the fostering care of the Director. Mr. C. B. Ticenurst exhibited the following birds which had been obtained in Sussex : 1. Warre-sporren BuuetHRoat (Hrithacus cyaneculus). “ An adult male was shot near Hastings on September Ist, 1905, and brought to Mr. G. Bristow, taxidermist, of St. Leonards; it was seen by me on September 9th. “This is the second example of this form which has occurred in England: the first, also an adult male, was picked up at Dungeness Light (situated about fifteen miles from the spot where the present example was obtained) on October 6th, 1902, and was exhibited by Mr. M. J. Nicoll [ef. Bull. B.O.C., XT11., nope, ip. 14; (1903)q. “On August 27th and 28th of this year a Bluethroat was observed by Mr. Nicoll and myself independently near Dungeness, but we were unable to say to which form it belonged. BS Viol aisevat “The breeding range of this bird is Western and Central Europe; on migration it passes through South Europe, and winters in Palestine and North Africa, a few examples reaching Persia.”’ 2. ORPHEAN Warsier (Sylvia orphea). “An immature male was picked up dead under the tele- eraph wires near St. Leonards on September 16th, 1905, and brought in to Mr. Bristow, the taxidermist. It was a fresh, clean-looking bird and had a bare spot under the chin, where it had struck the wires. It was seen by Dr. N. F. Ticehurst two days later.” ‘““The previously obtained examples mentioned in Mr. Saunders’ ‘ Manual’ are :— (1) An adult female showing signs of incubation, obtained near Wetherby, Yorks, on July 6th, 1848, on questionable authority. (2) A young bird, hardly able to fly, obtained near Hanley, Middlesex, in June, 1866, as recorded by Mr. J. H. Harting. ‘“‘ Besides these two examples, a female was shot near St. Leonards (close to where the present bird was obtained) on October 7th, 1903, and exhibited by Mr. W. R. Butter- field [cf. Bull. B.O.C., XIV., no. ¢., p. 16(1903) ].” Mr. H. F. Wiruersy exhibited the following birds (collected by Capt. A. E. Hamerton in Somaliland), which he had lately described in the “ Ibis,”’ viz. :— Alemon hamertonm from Obbia, Alemon hamertoni altera from North-east Somaliland, and also a male specimen of Pyrrhulauda melanauchen, which differed considerably from typical specimens of this species- by its paler coloration, and by the absence of a white frontal spot. Dr. Bowpier SHarrPe sent for exhibition an example Vol. xvi.] 36 of a new species of Ground-Thrush from Camaroons, which he proposed to name— GEOCICHLA BATESI, Sp. N. G. similis G. prince7, sed pileo et cervice olivascentibus, nec saturate brunneis; noteo brunneo, olivaceo lavato; dorso postico et uropygiorufescenti-brunneis nec castaneis; tectri- cibus alarum majoribus et tectricibus primariorum nigris, illis albo late terminatis ; hypochondriis cinerascenti-brun- neis nec rufescenti-brunneis distinguenda. Long. tot. circa 8:5, culm. 0°85, ala 3°95, cauda 2°6, tarsi 1°2. Typus ex. Efulen, July 25, 1905 (G. W. Bates) : in Mus. Brit. Mr. R. H. Reap exhibited a white-headed example of the common Blackbird (Turdus merula), procured at Andwell, near Basingstoke. It was especially remarkable on account of its curiously-coloured feet, which were partially black and partially pale yellow. Mr. W. R. Oartvie-Grant pointed out that by an oversight Bolbopsittacus mindanensis had been included among the new species described in the last number of the “Bulletin” (cf. XVI., no. cxvi., p. 17); the name should stand as Bolbopsittacus nundanensis, Steere. The next meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 13th December, 1905, at 8.30, at the Restaurant Frascati, 32, Oxford Street ; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members intend- ing to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326, High Holborn, W.C. (N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publi- cation. | (Signed) P. L. Scuater, W. R. Ocitviz-Grant, H. F. WirHersy, Chairman. Editor. Sec. & Treas. BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB. No. CxXX. THe hundred and nineteenth meeting of the Club was held at the Restaurant Frascati, 32, Oxford Street, on Wednesday, the 15th December, 1905. Chairman: P. L. Sctatrer, F.R.S. Members present :—HK. Broweut, J. L. Bonnorr, H. EH. Dresser, F. D. Drewrrt, M.D., EH. N. F. Fenwicr, N. Gintroy, HK. Harrert, Ph.D., H. Munr, W. R. Ocinvis- _Grant (Hditor), C. HK. Pearson, H. J. Pearson, F. G. Penrose, M.D., R. H. Rzap, W. EH. Rewnaur, C. B. Rickert, A. D. Sarsworrtu, J. Sargent, Howarp SAUNDERS, C. B. Tickaurst, H. M. Watus, L. A. Wui1ams, H. F. Wrrnursy (Secretary and Treaswrer), Colonel J. W. YERBURY. Visitors :—S. Boorman, W. A. Cunninetron, A. F. GrirFitH, P. B. Surrn, KH. Srewarp. Mr. A. F. Grirriti (introduced by Mr. Howard Saunders) om exhibited an example of the Lesser Grey, Shrike (Lanius [December 23rd, 1905.] VOL, XVI, sf ye PN \\ ae 7; oe a Vol. xvi.] 38 minor) which had been killed at Bosham, near Chichester, on the 14th October, 1905, and sent to Mr. George, of West Street, Chichester, for preservation. The specimen shown was an immature bird in its first autumn plumage. Mr. Griffith also mentioned that he had purchased from the same taxidermist a piebald example of the Golden- crested Wren (Regulus cristatus), which had recently been procured near that town. Mr. H. E. Dresser exhibited eggs of Babax waddelli, Podoces humilis, Lanius tephronotus, Linota rufo-strigata, Carpodacus pulcherrimus, Alauda inopinata, Leptopecile sophie, subsp. henrici, and Montifringilla mandellii, obtained near Gyantse, Tibet, by Captain Steen. The latter had also sent notes on the identification of these and other species of birds, which would be published in a future number of the ER O71 ae Dr. E. Harterr, on behalf of the Hon. N. C. Rothschild, exhibited two specimens of Hmberiza striolata (Licht.), which had been shot by the latter at Merawi, in Nubia, on the 12th March, 1904. Mr. Rothschild stated that this Bunting was one of the most local of Egyptian birds, being practically confined to the Fourth Cataract of the Nile, in the neighbourhood of Merawi, Belal, ete. Dr. E. Harrert made remarks on the enormous numbers of Wood-Pigeons (Columba palumbus) to be seen at the present time in the neighbourhood of Tring, Herts. Other members present stated that they had also observed unusual numbers of Wood-Pigeons in various parts of England during the present winter. On behalf of Dr. N. F. Ticehurst, Mr. C. B. Ticknursr exhibited a specimen of the Little Dusky Shearwater (Pufinus assimilis), which had been caught alive by Mr, 39 [Vol. xvi. Wallis, of Lydd, Kent. It had been captured near that town after the disastrous South-west gale of November 26-27th, and kept alive for two days in a pool of water. On its death it had been sent to Mr. Bristow, the taxidermist, of St. Leonards, who received it on November 30th, and unmediately brought it to Dr. Ticehurst. When examined by the latter 1t was covered with sand and sodden with sea-water. It had since been mounted and cleaned; and proved, on dissection, to be a male. The differences between this bird and P. obsewrus could clearly be distinguished, as pointed out by Mr. Saunders (ef. “Manual Brit. Birds,” 2nd ed., p. 744, and Bull. is @-€-, Vili. no. lin. p.40' (1898) ]. This was the fourth British example, the third picked up near Bexhill, Sussex, on the 28th December, 1900, had been recorded by Mr. W. R. Butterfield [cf. Bull. GO Xo, no. Txxvil...p..45 A900.) | The breeding-quarters of this bird were said to be the Canary, Madeira and Cape Verde Islands. Dr. Sciater exhibited a skin of a Bunting, allied to Hmberiza cinerea, but apparently different, obtained by Mr. Douglas Carruthers at Kuryatein, in Syria, on April 8th, 1905. He proposed to characterize this species as follows :— EMBERIZA CITRINIVENTRIS, Sp. 0. Supra Hmberize cineree onnino similis et ejusdem forme, sed subtus ventre toto flavo neque albo facile dignos- cenda. Hab. In deserto Syriaco. Dr. Sclater stated that there were three female examples of this species in the British Museum, all from Bushire on the Persian Gulf, two obtained by Mr. W. D. Cumming, and the third by Mr. A. J. V. Palmer. Dr. Sciuarer made the following remarks on the generic name of the Nightingale. “ Dr. Bowdler Sharpe in his Vol. xvi. | AO Hand-list (IV., p. 153, 1903) has rejected the name Daulias assigned to the Nightingale in our List of British Birds and has used in its place the name Aédon, given to the Nightingale in 1817 by Thomas Forster in his ‘ Synoptical Catalogue of British Birds’ (p. 53). Although this name is not defined, it must be allowed that there can be no doubt of what Forster intended, as he writes ‘ AnDOoN LusciniA, Nightingale.2 Now in a recently published article on ‘ Birds from Kilimanjaro (Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. XXVIII., p. 895, 1905), Mr. Oberholser, striving to put his British brother right, has made another error on this much-vexed question. Mr. Oberholser (prompted by Dr. Richmond) states that ‘ Aédon’ of Forster (op. cit., p. 53) is posterior to ‘ Luscinia’ of the same writer (op. cit., p- 14), and that the latter term should, therefore, be adopted. But if Mr. Oberholser had read Forster’s Preface he would have seen this passage:—‘In the following Catalogue the large capitals will designate the Linnean ‘name, according to the arrangement now adopted. ‘The small Roman letters will mark the names of the old writers brought to light again by Dr. Leach.’ “On turning to p. 14 of Forster’s Catalogue we find at the head of ‘Genus xxiv.” SyLvIA LUSCINIA In large capitals, showing that this is the name adopted by the author for the ‘ Nightingale,’ to which the English, French and German vernacular names are also added. On the inner side of the same page in small Romans are placed the words ‘Luscinia Aedon.’ These are of course not in- tended for new generic terms, as Mr. Oberholser suggests, but are merely ‘names of the old writers brought to light by Dr. Leach.’ It follows that the only new generic name given to the Nightingale by Forster in the work referred to is ‘ Aedon,’ as above quoted, and as used by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe in his ‘ Hand-list.? But it is not necessary to consider the rival claims of Aédon and Luscinia to be the generic name of the Nightingale, because, as has lately been discovered, the old classical name Philomela has precedence of both of them. In the first part of his description of the Collection of the University of Rostock, AJ [Wol. xvi: published in 1806,* Link proposed to use the name Philomela for the Warblers instead of Sylvia of Bechstein. But as Link put ‘ Philomela luscinia’ at the head of his genus we may well employ it for the Nightingale only, and thus terminate the long controversy that has existed respecting the earliest and correct generic name of this jovage eg The following communication was read from Mr. F. E. Buaauw, dated Gooilust, s’Graveland, Noord-Holland, December 5th, 1905 :— “A few days ago, while riding through the woods in this neighbourhood, I noticed a white bird sitting on a wooden fence of a meadow. As I came nearer I saw that it was a specimen of the Little Owl (Athene noctua), which is a common species about s’Graveland. “The bird being quite tame, I was able to ride up very close and obtain a good view of it. It was entirely white, with the dark markings characteristic of the Little Owl in its normal colouring, represented by yellowish tints. “ Owls, as far as my experience goes, are seldom subject to albinism, so I think it may be of some interest to place this case on record.” Mr. H. H. Dresser stated that he had received letters from Mr. Buturlin announcing that he had found the breeding-place of Ross’s Rosy Gull (Rhodostethia rosea) in the delta of the Kolyma river in North-eastern Siberia, and had obtained the adult bird, young in down and egos. Mr. Buturlin had sent full particulars of his discovery, which would be published in the “ Ibis.” The next meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 17th January, 1906, at 8.30, at the Restaurant Frascati, * Beschreibung der Naturalien-Sammlung der Universitat zu Rostock. Erste Abtheilung Von Dr. F. H. Link, Professor der Naturgeschicte. 8vo0, 50 pp. Rostock. 1806. Vol. xvi.] 42 32, Oxford Street ; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members intend- ing to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326, High Holborn, W.C. [N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publi- cation. | (Signed) P. L. Scuater, W. R. Ociivie-Grant, H. F. Wiruersy, Chairman. Editor. Sec. & Treas. tae AS Ae ee eae Se Le eee BULLETIN OF THE Peliish: ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB. No. CxXXT. THe hundred and twentieth meeting of the Club was held at the Restaurant Frascati, 32, Oxford Street, on Wednesday, the 17th January, 1906. Chairman: P. lL. Scuarmr, F.R:S. Members present :—Major W. B. ArunprE., Hi. BrpwE1x1, W.R. Bourrerricip, H. EH. Dresser, F. D. Drewirr, M.D., K. V. Hartz, H. N. F. Fenwick, H. W. Fryurnson, EF. Giiwert, H. Harrert, Ph.D., Rev. Francis C. R. Jourpain, N. B. Kinnear, G. HE. Lopezn, H. Monz, P. C. Musrers, T. H. Newman, W. R. Ocitvin-Grant (Hditor), Turrp Prarss, H. J. Pearson, F. G.: PEnrosz, M.D., A. H. Pricz, Major F. W. Proctor, F. R. Rarcuirr, R. H. Reap, W. EH. Renavt, C. B. Rickert, J. Sarcent, Howarp Saunpers, R. Bowpuirr SuHarrz, LL.D., DPD. Sera-Suirn, C. B. Tictnurst, N. F. Ticrsorer, M.D., L. A. Witiiams, H. F. Wirnersy (Secretary and Treasurer). Visitors :—A. Jones, M. C. C. Szsron, W. H. Surru. [January 31st, 1906. ] : VOL, XVI. Vol. xvi.] Act The Cuatrman made the following announcement: “The Committee have considered it advisable to raise the entrance fee of the Club to the sum of one pound (£1) for all candidates elected after this date. The yearly subscription will remain at five shillings.” Mr. Howarp Savunpers exhibited a male Hider sent by Mr. H. W. Robinson, of Lansdowne House, Lancaster, and shot on December 7th, 1905, near Stromness, Orkney. The bird, which showed a well-defined but not very black V-shaped mark on the throat, was undoubtedly an example of Somateria mollissima, as proved by an examination of the large series of Eiders in the Natural History Museum. An exactly similar variety had been procured by Mr. Abel Chapman on Holy Island, and was recorded in 1905. (cf. Bull. B.O.C., XV., no. cxy., p. 69), —Alepese brown female, exhibited at the same time, on behalf of Mr. F. Smalley, and shot in Orkney in February, 1905, was considered to be a Common Eider, aged about eight months. Mr. Ruskin Burrerrretp exhibited a specimen of the Wall-Creeper (Tichodroma muraria) which had been shot while climbing about the face of the cliff at Eeclesbourne, near Hastings, on the 26th December, 1905. The bird—a female—was taken to Mr. G. Bristow, of St. Leonards, and was shown by him to Mr. Butterfield before it was skinned. Three previous occurrences of this bird in England had been made known, namely: (1) An example shot at Stratton- Strawless, Norfolk, 30th October, 1792 [cf. Marsham and White, Trans. Norf. and Norw. Nat. Soc., I., pp. 180, 184, 188 (1876)]; (2) an example obtained at Sabden, Lanca- shire, 8th May, 1872 (cf. F. 8. Mitchell, Zool., s.s., p. 4839) ; (3) an example, now in the collection of Canon H. B. Tristram, shot at Winchelsea, Sussex [cf. Sharpe, Bull. B.O.C., VI., no. xxxviii., p. 8 (1896).] Professor Newton, AD [Vol. xvi. (Dict. B., p. 986, footnote,) had called attention to the fact that Merrett had included the species in his list of British birds in 1667, the passage being as follows: “ Picus murarius, the Creeper, or Wall-Creeper, I. 1b. Ald. 1. 852. G. 644.” (Pinax Rerum Naturalium Britanicarum, 1667, pel’7.) Mr. P. C. Mustmrs exhibited a well-mounted example of the Dusky Thrush (Turdus fuscatus=T. dubius), which had been shot by a market gardener named Mills near Gunthorpe, in Nottinghamshire, on October 13th, 1905. The bird had been taken to Rose, a bird-stuffer in Nottingham, who believed it to be a variety of the Field- fare, but it was subsequently examined and recognised by Mr. Musters and Mr. J. Whitaker. This is the first known instance of the occurrence of this Thrush in the British Islands. Mr. W. EH. Renavr (on behalf of Mr. Alec Jones) ex- hibited an admirably mounted male specimen of the Fire- crested Wren (Regulus ignicapillus), which had been obtained at Wimbledon on the 31st December, 1905. The interest of the exhibit lay chiefly in the fact that it was the first authenticated record for the county of Surrey, the specimen having been seen in the flesh by the exhibitor and Mr. James Sargent, another member of the Club. Mr. W. R. Ocinvin-Grant exhibited a male Fire- crested Wren, which had been picked up in a dying con- dition at Abbey Wood, Kent, on the 10th January, 1906, and forwarded to the British Museum (Natural History) by Mrs. A. G. Mitchell. Dr. Ernst Harrerr exhibited an example of a new subspecies of Goldcrest, which he described as follows :— REGULUS REGULUS INTERNI, subsp. n. Differs from R. requlus requlus in having the hind-neck Vol. xvi.] 46 and sides of the crown distinctly ashy, and the back duller and less yellowish olive-green. It differs from R.v. himalayensis in having the back less yellowish, and the wing slightly shorter; from R. 7. japonensis in the more yellow, less reddish-orange crest, the narrower whitish tips to the wing-coverts, and the generally whiter, less buffy underside. The wing in three males measures from 54°5 to 55 mm. Hab. Corsicaand Sardinia. Type gad. Sassari, Sardinia, 6. ii, 1904; received from Mr. Squilloni. (Four males examined.) “ Dr. Sharpe has already called attention to the differences of the Corsican Gold-crest in the ‘ Ibis,’ 1885, p. 34; but the note, by some inistake, appeared under the heading ‘50 Fire- crest,’ instead of ‘49 Gold-crest.? This is perhaps the reason why nobody has hitherto followed up the hint thrown out as long ago as 1885.” Dr. Harrert likewise exhibited a specimen of Dioptrornis brunnea, Cab. from Northern Angola, collected by Dr. W. J. Ansorge. This species had hitherto been only known from an immature specimen in the Berlin Museum. Mr. F. J. Jackson, C.B., sent for exhibition a specimen of an apparently new species of Callene, which he pro- posed to call— CALLENE A QUATORIALIS, Sp. Nn. C. similis C. cyornithopsidi sed subtus aurantiaco-rufa, abdomine tantum flavicanti-albo, subcaudalibus hypo- chondriisque concoloribus, aurantiaco-rufis. Long. tot. 5°2, culm. °55, ale 2°8, caude 2°05, tarsi °85. Hab. Kericho, Lumbwa, 7500 feet, June 15, 1905. Obs. In C. cyornithopsis the whole of the breast and abdomen, as well as the under tail-coverts, are white, with a slight rufescent tinge, whereas in the new species the under tail-coverts are orange-rufous, like the flanks and chest. In C. equatorialis the white is confined to f A7 [ Woll. xv: the abdomen, and is much less extended than in C. cyornithopsis. Colonel G. Rreron forwarded descriptions of two new species of birds, from Mt. Victoria in the Chin Hills, Burma. TANTHOCINCLA VICTORIA, Sp. n. Ad. Similis I. austent (Jerdon), sed subtus albicans, plumis singulis albis, versus basin rufescenti-brunneis, quasi squamatis: dorso postico et uropygio olivascentibus, nec sordide castaneis distinguenda. Lone. tot. 9:6, ale 3:7. Hab. Mt. Victoria, 8. Chin. Hills, 7000—10,000 feet. PYRRHULA VICTORIA, Sp. 0. Sunilis P. nipalensi, sed saturatior, murino-brunnea, nee chocolatino-brunnea: tectricibus majoribus dorso fere concoloribus, nec conspicue cinerascenti-brunneis. Long. tot. 6°6, alee 3°3. Hab. Mt. Victoria, 8. Chin Hills, 7000 ft., March 30, 1904. Obs. “ Four specimens were obtained by me on Mount Victoria in March, 1904. One of them has the rump entirely black, without any white band. This is present, however, in the other three specimens.” Mr. H. J. Pearson exhibited two remarkable photo- eraphs taken from the exhibition-cases in the American Museum of Natural History, New York. One showed an immense breedine-colony of Flamingoes (Phenicopterus ruber) in the Bahamas; the second, an irrigated tract of land covered with large numbers of Stilts and other water- birds. Mr. C. B. Ticrnursr exhibited an immature female example of the Pine-Grosbeak (Pinicola enucleator), which was one of two young birds shot by Mr. Oliver out of Vol. xvi.] 48 a small flock in some fir-trees near Hawkhurst, Sussex, on the 25th October, 1905. The flock contained some rosy adult birds. The two killed were forwarded to Mr. G. Bristowe, of St. Leonards, and were seen by the exhibitor on the following day. Mr. Ticehurst remarked : “7 exhibit the bird because there are so few records of its occurrence in the British Isles, which are beyond suspicion, many so-called occurrences having been proved to be escaped cage-birds, while in 1889 many examples were imported frozen. “ On October 30th, 1890, an adult male in rosy plumage was shot by Dr. Dixon near Annesley, in Notts, and recorded by Mr. J. Whitaker. This example is in the collection of Mr. Musters.” Mr. Harrert remarked that he had once caught half a dozen Pine-Grosbeaks in a short time in the garden of the Zoological Museum at Konigsberg, in Hast Prussia, where it is not rare in certain winters. Dr. Scuarer exhibited an egg of the Kakelaar (Irrisor viridis) recently received from his friend Mr. Alfred D. Millar (Col. Memb. B.O.U.), of Durban. The egg had been taken at Isipingo, Natal, on the 8th of October last, and was one of a clutch of three fresh eggs placed in the deserted nest of a Golden-tailed Woodpecker (Campothera abingdoni). The bird was found sitting in the hole, and flew off while Mr. Millar was engaged in cutting out the nest. A second nest of this bird had also been taken by Mr. Millar last season. The ege, like that exhibited by Major Sparrow (Bull. B.O.C., XV., no. cxii., p. 39), was of a uniform pale verditer-blue, and measured 1:0 by °65 in. There was no specimen of the egg of any species of the sub-family Irrisorine in the British Museum. Dr. Sciarer called attention to the very interesting Chinese Fishing-Cormorants now being exhibited at the London Hippodrome. The birds (apparently Phalacrocorax 49 [Vol. xvi. carbo) were brought on to the “ Lake” perched on a light skiff and attended by a native Chinese fisherman. On living fishes being thrown into the water the birds caught them with eagerness, and brought them back to their trainer, who made them disgorge their captures by a slight hand-pressure on the throat. The bands round the neck, which prevented the birds from swallowing, were sub- sequently removed, and the Cormorants were allowed to fill their stomachs with the captured fishes. This mode of fishing as practised in China was well known (for a good account of it see the Ibis, 1880, p. 375), but, so far as Dr. Sclater was aware, had not been previously exhibited as a spectacle in Europe. Mr. Brpwett reminded the Members of the Club that the late Capt. F. H. Salvin kept a number of Cormorants trained to catch fish. Mr. C. B. Rickert described the mode of fishing with Cormorants commonly seen in China. Dr. ScuatEer also called attention to a small flock of Bramblings (Fringilla montifringilla) which had been seen this winter in the neighbourhood of his home in Hamp- shire. Several other members stated that they also had seen unusually large numbers of this Finch, especially in the beech-woods of Hertfordshire and Buckinghamshire. The CHarrman gave notice that the meeting to be held on March 21st would be devoted to an exhibition of lantern-slides; and requested that any members who might wish to show slides should supply the Editor with a list of the same on or before February 21st. Last year some of the gentlemen, such as Mr. R. B. Lodge, who had been good enough to brine slides for exhibition, were unable to show them through lack of time, and, to avoid this happening again, it was absolutely necessary that the programme of the evening should be arranged beforehand, the lists properly revised, and a certain amount of time apportioned to each exhibitor. Vol. xvi.] 50 The next meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 21st February, 1906, at 8.30, at the Restaurant Frascati, 32, Oxford Street ; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members intend- ing to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326, High Holborn, W.C. [N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the Kditor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publi- cation. | (Signed) P. L. Sctater, W. R. Oaiivie-Grant, H. F. Wriruersy, Chairman. Jditor. Sec. & Treas. BULLETIN OF THE Boiiish’ VORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB: No. CXXITI. Tue hundred and twenty-first meeting of the Club was held at the Restaurant Frascati, 32, Oxford Street, on Wednesday, the 21st February, 1906. Chairman: P. L. Scuatser, F.R.S. Members present:—H. Browett, J. L. Bonnorz, W. Ruskin Burrerrietp, W. H. De Winton, H. EH. Dresser, EF. D. Drewirt, M.D., EH. V. Harte, N. Gitroy, HK. Harrert, Ph.D., C. HE. Hetimayr, Contincwoop Iveram, Hon. Geratp Lascetues, G. H. Lopes, A. McLuan Marsuauu, J. G. Minnais, E. S. Montacu, M.P., H. Mont, P. ©. Musrers, T. H. Newman, W. Rh. Ociivie- Grant (Hditor), KF. G. Penrose, M.D., H. L. Pornam, A. HE. Prics, F. R. Rarcurrr, R. H. Reap, W. H. Renavr, ©. B. Rickert, Hon. N. C. Roruscuttp, Hon. L. W. Roruscuitp, Ph.D., M.P., J. Sarcent, D. Seru-Smirn, Major Horace Terry, N. F. Trcenurst, F.R.C.S., C. Wuynmpeer, L. A. Wriiitams, H. F. OCTET (Secretary and Treasurer). Visitors :—H. Boventon-Leicu, G. UES S. HepeGss, A. E. Jonus, M. C. Szron. af [March 6th, 1906.] \ VOL. XVI, Vol. xvi. ] 52 Dr. Frank Penrose called attention to a copy of the Report of the Migration Committee, which constituted Vol. XVII. of the Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club. He reminded the Members of the scope of the work entrusted to the Committee—viz., to collect observations on the arrival and dispersal through England and Wales of the commoner summer-migrants which come to breed in this country. The Committee had sent out schedules to all those ladies and gentlemen who had intimated their willingness to help, and had also sent a slightly different set of schedules to all the larger lighthouses and lightships on the South and Hast Coasts, from the Scilly Islands to the mouth of the Humber. The results of these observations constituted the Report. Dr. Penrose then proceeded to say that the question came up for decision as to whether Members considered that the investigation was worth continuing. Dr. Penrose expressed his earnest hope that the Club would sanction the continuance of the work. He thought that it was full of promise, and that it could only be of permanent value if it were carried on for a series of years. After Mr. Walter Rothschild, Dr. Hartert, Mr. Pycratt, the Chairman (Dr. Sclater), Mr. Millais, and Mr. De Winton had spoken, and all had agreed that it would be a great pity not to continue the observations, it was proposed by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant, seconded by Mr. Bidwell, and carried unanimously that “the Migration Committee should be reappointed, and requested to continue their work on the same lines for the present year.” Dr. Ernst Harrert exhibited an example of a new Calamocichla, which he described as follows :— CALAMOCICHLA ANSORGEI, sp. N. g ad. Upper surface olive, somewhat lighter and more brownish on the rump and upper tail-coverts. Wings and 58 [Vol. xvi. tail dark olive-brown, with narrow pale olive-brown outer margins. Sides of the head and neck greyish-olive, under surface pale olive-grey, jugulum with faint indications of stripes, upper throat and middle of the abdomen whitish, under tail-coverts also very light. Under wing-coverts and inner lining of wings dull whitish-buff. “Feet greenish- slate. Upper mandible dark-brown, with the edges and extreme tip horn-grey ; lower mandible grey-brown, with a yellowish tinge near the base.” Wing 82:5, tail 81-5, tarsus 31, culmen 21 mm. Dr. W. J. Ansorge obtained a single male at Durque de Braganza, in Northern Angola, on August 2nd, 1903, (Type, No. 850; in Tring Museum). «This new form resembles in the colour of the upper surface Calamocichla cunenensis, Hartert (cf. Bull. B.O.C., XIIL. no. xevii, p. 62, 1903), but is darker; the latter species is also considerably smaller, and has a white underside and whitish superciliary lines.” Mr. C. H. Hetitmayr described a new sub-species belonging to the family of Formicariide as follows :— THAMNOMANES CHSIUS HOFFMANNSI, subsp. n. g ad. Like T. c. cxestus from Bahia, being without a white interscapular patch, but of a much clearer slaty-grey colour everywhere. It differs also in having the throat distinctly freckled with white, and in having the axillaries and under wing-coverts pure white instead of pale greyish ; the cheeks and ear-coverts have faint white shaft-lines not to be seen in the typicalform. @ ad. Exactly like that of T’. c. ccesius. Type in Tring Museum: ¢ ad. Prata, Para, Brazil, November 15th, 1905. Collected by Mr. W. Hoftmanns. Wing 70:5, tail 63, bill 138 mm. The same collection contained examples of a aries of very interesting species, some of which were new to the fauna of Para, while others were recorded for the first time for Brazil. Such were Myrmotherula swrinamensis Vol. xvi.] 54. (Gmel.), Avocettula recurvirostris (Swains.), Lophornis gouldi (Less.), Threnetes cervinicauda (Gould), and Microcerculus marginatus, Sel. There were also large series of Cono- pophaga roberti, Hellm., and Agyrtria nitidifrons, Gould. Mr. Hellmayr also laid on the table specimens of Hypocnemis p. peecilonota, Cab., H. p. lepidonota, Sel. and Salv., H. p. grisewentris (Pelz.), and H. p. vidua, Hellm., and called attention to the highly interesting fact that the males of these four forms were scarcely dis- tinguishable, while the females presented strongly marked differences in coloration. The Hon. Waurer Roruscartp exhibited proofs of some of the plates drawn to illustrate his paper on extinct birds. These had been printed by the three-colour process on permanent linen-paper by Mr. A. C. Fowler, and were much admired by the Members present. Mr. W. P. Pyorarr exhibited a remarkably fine male hybrid between Black Game and Pheasant, kindly lent for the occasion by Mr. Rowland Ward, F.Z.S. It had been shot at Ringford, Kirkcudbrightshire, by Mr. Walter M. Neilson. In this bird the characters of the males of the parent species were about equally divided. The head, neck, and underparts were of a rich glossy black with green reflections, but the flank feathers, when examined in a strong light, showed distinct traces of the mahogany-red and black tips to the feathers characteristic of the Pheasant. There was, however, no sign of the notched feathers of the neck and breast. The seapulars were freckled with black and brown as in the young Black Cock, while the back feathers showed a mixture of black and brown unlike the pattern in either of the parent species. The tail was fan- shaped, mottled with fine markings of black and brown, and without distinct bars. The quill-feathers were like those of the Pheasant, but the coverts, like the back, 55 [Wolk axavat were marked with a coloration unlike that of either of the parents. The rump-feathers were rounded in shape, not long as in the Pheasant. There was a Pheasant-like bare space round the eye, but much smaller in area than in the male Pheasant. The beak was of a pronounced Pheasant-type, but with no scaly operculum, the nostrils being feathered as in the Black Game. The legs were feathered for about one-third the way down, but the _ sealing below this resembled that of the Pheasant only in so far as the outside of the lower third of the tarso- metatarsus was concerned, the rest of the scales being small and hexagonal in shape. The comb-like fringe alone the toes, so well developed in Black Game, was entirely wanting in this bird. After some discussion, in which Mr. Walter Rothschild and Mr. J. G. Millais took part, it was decided that this bird must be regarded as a cross between a Black Cock and a hen Pheasant. Mr. Oaitvie-Grant drew attention to the large size of the specimen exhibited, and remarked that these hybrid birds were apt to wander far from the place where they had been bred. He mentioned instances of hybrids between Black Game and Capercaillie killed in the northern part of Aberdeenshire and in Inverness-shire. Mr. J. G. Mituats exhibited a fine mounted specimen of a male hybrid between Black Game and Pheasant, which had been killed at the Ross of Mull, N.B., in November, 1895, by Captain Murphy, and was now the property of Miss Lees. Mr. Millais remarked that hybrids between these two species were of rare occurrence, and that the present example and that exhibited by Mr. Pycraft were, he believed, respectively the sixth and seventh specimens which had occurred in the British Islands. These hybrids, as well as hybrid Capercaillie and Black Game, were generally found where one or other of the parents were vanishing or extending their range. Females of the Capercailzie had been known to go voluntarily to the Black Cock’s Vol. xvi. ] 56 playing grounds, but in other cases the mating was accidental. Mr. Millais believed the male parent to be the Black Cock in every case. A communication from Dr. P. Susuxry contained some notes on the birds of the Tarbagatai range and Zaissan-noor valley, with descriptions of new forms. LEUCOSTICTE ANNA, Sp. Nl. g. Cinerea; fronte, facie, auricularibus cinereis, pileo postico fusco-atro, nucha brunnea, dorso superiore brun- nescenti lavato; tectricibus alae minoribus, subalaribus et axillaribus argenteo cinereis, roseo hmbatis; remigibus fusco-atris, prumariis extus rosaceo marginatis, secundariis pogonio externo fere toto cinereo; dorso inferiore vix conspicue rosaceo squamulato ; tectricibus fusco-atris, extus late cinereo limbatis. Iride fusca, rostro pedibusque fus- co-atris. Long. tot. 170-191, ulna 111-116, cauda 74-82, rostr. 10°5-12, tars. 20-22. (Secundum tres ¢ ad finem junii occisos descripta. Hab. Regio alpina montis Mus-tau, jugi Saur (montium Tarbagatai pars orientalis atque altissima), ad confines occidentales Asiae centralis. Obs. The range of this new Leucosticte seems to be very restricted, as it was not met with in the other parts of Tarbagatai. Its nearest ally is undoubtedly L. brandti, Bp., from which L. annae is at once distinguished by its grey forehead, face and ear-coverts, and by the black hinder part of the pileum. EMBERIZA PYRRHULOIDES HARTERTI, subsp. n. g and ? Figura rostri et corporis statura H. tschusii, Reis. & Alm. simillima, vix major, sed clarius laetiusque picta, interscapulio valde nigricante, plumis late nigerrimo striatis. Ab H. pyrrhuloide typica differt rostro debiliore, coloribus laetis, haud exoletis, dorso inferiore in mari cinereo nec cinerascenti albido, in femina pallide griseo nec pallide isabellino. (Secundum 3 ¢ et 1 ?, initio Junii occisos, descripta. ) 57 [ Vol. xvi. Hab. lacus Saissan-noor et fluvius Kara-Irtysh. “The Wren of Tarbagatai is alsonew. Unfortunately I only procured two young birds, with the quills and rectrices not yet quite developed. As the young Wrens are more - difficult to distinguish than the adult ones, I will give a more detailed description of my bird. “Size as in the common Anorthwra troglodytes of a corresponding age. Dark above, as in 4A. mipalensis. Pileum uniformly ereyish-chocolate brown; colour of the hind neck rather clearer, and passing gradually into the dark-brown colour of the back, which becomes morered on the rump and upper tail-coverts ; interscapulium and scapulars with almost invisible traces of darker cross-bars ; rump and upper tail-coverts quite uniform. lLores and _ sides of the head dark brownish-ashy, ear-coverts with distinct pale stripes. A fairly distinct ashy-grey superciliary stripe. Underside brownish-ashy, mottled as in the young A. troglodytes, but more distinctly. Sides of the body ereyish-brown, with faint but distinct cross-bars. Under tail-coverts dark-brown, with black cross-bars and white tips. Ground colour of the wing the same as that of the back, but with the black markings more distinct than in A. troglodytes. Rectrices brown, with very distinct black cross-bars. Bull and feet darker than in A. troglodytes, and of a greyish-horn colour. ““Of the paleearctic Wrens, the following forms on account of their geographical distribution should be compared with the Tarbagatai Wren :—A. troglodytes, A. pallida, A. neglecta, and A. nipalensis. A. pallida is at once excluded by its pale colouring. From the young A. troglodytes, the Tarbagatai Wren differs in the darker and more smoky upper side, ashy underside and sides of the head, grey supercilium, uniform: top of the head, the much more sharply barred wings and tail, the barred under tail-coverts with white tips, and the cross-markings on the sides of the belly. The dark Wrens of the Himalaya and South-east Mongolia, viz., A. nipalensis and A. neglecta, though more nearly allied, are algo distinct, as might be expected from Vol. xvi.] 58 their respective distribution. From A. neglecta of all ages the Tarbagatai Wren may at once be distinguished by the distinct grey supercilium and ashy under-side, and from the young A. neglecta the present species differs in the more smoky colour of the upper side, especially of the head, the ashy sides of the head and under-side of the body, the almost obsolete bars on the upper-back and the uniform upper tail-coverts (in A. neglecta these parts are more distinctly barred). In A. nipalensis the eyebrow- stripe is still more defined, but its colour is quite different, being of a clear brown, and the under side is also devoid of any grey colour. “Judging from analogy with all other Wrens, the adult plumage of the Tarbagatai Wren should be more protusely barred and the grey tints more pronounced than in the young. Hence the Tarbagatai Wren should be con- sidered as an undoubtedly distinct form.” ANORTHURA TARBAGATAICA, Sp. ll. Juv. Supra obscure brunnea, pileo fusco, supercilio cinereo, capitis lateribus et corpore subtus cinerascentibus, alis caudaque intense nigro fasciatis. Hab. Dumeta jugi Saur (montium Tarbagatai pars orientalis). ‘“* Our journey to Tarbagatai has also added rich material for the elucidation of the rare palearctic Shrikes, like L.raddei. With the diligent assistance of my companion, Stud. Tchetverikoff, I collected 27 specimens of L. raddei (7 adult males), 28 specimens ‘of L. infuscatus (16 adult males), ete.,in all 152 specimens of the smaller Shrikes, not includidg the common JL. collurio. The breeding grounds of L. raddei were found at last on the southern slopes of the western Altai and northern slopes of the Tarbagatai, bordering the Zaissan-noor valley. In addition to this, I had the whole material preserved in the Museum of the St. Petersburg Academy (including the collection of the late Dr. Severtzov’s), also Prof. Menzbier’s collection, and 59 [Vol. xvi. IT also had the opportunity of studying carefully the types of DL. raddei, Dresser and L. varius, Zarudny. As the completion of my work on these forms will require some months more, a brief account of some of the results obtained may be of interest. “T came to the final conclusion that L. raddei, L. im- fuscatus, L. elaeagni, cannot be separated specifically from L. pheenicuroides, Sev., as they are connected together by - intermediate specimens, whose existence cannot be ex- plained by hybridization. Iam of opinion that two more forms, quite as distinct as those just named, should be established, and that some forms formerly described should be considered as synonyms of others. My notion 5 of L. phoenicuroides and its variations is as follows ” :— LANIUS PHENICUROIDES PH@NICUROIDES, SEV. (= Lanius pheenicuroides romanowi, Bogd.). Adult male: Brownish-rusty above, with a very dark and bright pileum and greyer interscapulium; upper tail- coverts and tail uniformly bright rufous. LANIUS PH@NICUROIDES KARELINI, Boged. Adult male: Brownish-grey or pure grey above; tail- coverts and tail as in the preceding. LANIUS PH@NICUROIDES var. BOGDANOWI, Bianchi (= Lanius varwus, Zarudny). Adult male: Similar to LD. ph. phenicuroides, but with the tail-feathers parti-coloured, all the feathers being pro- vided with black subterminal markings, and with the middle tail-feathers usually darker towards the tip; the rufous colour is very often more or less replaced by white, spreading from the base of the tail. «A variable form, in my opinion only a type of personal variation of L. ph. phenicuroides. The type is a very extreme specimen in very worn and sunburnt plumage; the type of DL, varius is one of the least prominent Vol. xvi. | 60 specimens; I found every intermediate link between them.” LANTUS PH@NICUROIDES aberr. n. analogus. Adult male: Similar to LZ. ph. karelini, but the tail like that of the preceding form. ““T consider this form as an aberration only, to employ the term already adopted by lepidopterists. (Description taken from five specimens.) ”’ LANIUS PH@NICUROIDES ELAEAGNI, Sushk. Adult male: Bright cinnamon-rufous above; fore part of the pileum pearl-grey; upper tail-coverts, orange-rutous; tail-feathers parti-coloured, more or less white at the base and tips, then rufous, with large subterminal black patches ; middle pair dark russet. LANIUS PH@NICUROIDES INFUSCATUS, Sushk. Adult male: Rufescent olive-greyish above, with ereyer pileum and rump, upper tail-coverts light mouse-brown; tail- feathers parti-coloured as in. L. ph. elaeagni, but generally with more white, and with the middle pair dark brown. LANIUS PH@®NICUROIDES PSEUDOCOLLURIO, subsp. n. Adult male: Pileum pearl-grey, gradually passing into the bright chestnut-rufous upper-side of body; upper tail-coverts chestnut-rufous ; tail feathers much like those of L. collurio, black and white, only suffused with rufeus on the edges and near to the black patches. ‘““T consider this form as a distinct subspecies ; it inhabits only the southern slope of the western Altai, both the northern and southern slopes of the western Tarbagatai (not penetrating into the eastern part of it), and was obtained at Verni. “Tt differs from L. ph. infuscatus in its greyer head, brighter back and more collwrio-like tail. From D. collwrio it is mainly distinguished by the more sombre colour of the 61 [Vol. xvi. back, and by the rufous rump and tail-coverts. (Described from 9 adult males.) LANIUS PHENICUROIDES RADDEI, Dress. (= Lantus dichrurus, Menzb.) Adult male: Grey above, with pure grey head, rump and upper tail-coverts, the mantle sometimes more or less suffused with olivaceous. The tail almost as in L. collurio, but sometimes more or less suffused with rufous on its - distal half. The type of LD. dichrurus which is in very worn plumage has a pure grey back and an excessive development of black on the tail. “ Lanius collurio, L., stands very near to the group just described, but is a quite distinct species, not connected with the LL. pheenicuroides-group by any intermediate forms. The very archaic coloration of its female tells of an early separation from the phylogenetical stem of L. phemcuroides.” The following communication was read from Mr. W. L. Sclater, recording the discovery of a new species of Love-bird, which he proposed to name : AGAPORNIS NIGRIGENIS, sp. N. General colour green, tinged with olive on the hinder half of the head and neck, brighter on the tail-coverts ; front half of the crown and forehead sienna-brown; sides of the face, including the ear-coverts and throat black ; quills dusky, washed with bluish-green on the outer-webs ; tail dark-green, all but the middle pair of feathers with a red stripe along the shaft and a subterminal dusky spot ; under-surface green, slightly lighter than the back, and with a patch of salmon-red on the lower throat. Bill rosy-red, paler, almost white at the base; legs brown (in skin). Length (in skin) 6°25, wing 3:6, tail 1-6, culmen 62, tarsus °50. ‘“‘This is a very distinct species, at once recognisable by its black face. ; Vol. xvi. ] 62 “The type (South African Museum, Ree. No. 3485), was obtained by Dr. A. H. B. Kirkman, on the Muguazi River, some fifteen miles from its junction with the Zambesi, in North-west Rhodesia, in September, 1904. Last year (1905) Dr. Kirkman, together with Mr. C. Struben, made another shooting trip into the same country, and procured au second example, a female, at the same place, while about twenty miles further on he found the birds fairly common in small flocks on the Majelie River, but did not obtain any more examples; he did not observe them on the banks of the Zambesi itself. Both the rivers mentioned are northern tributaries of the Zambesi, joining that river between Sesheke and Victoria Falls. “The second specimen, the female, which I have been able to examine through the kindness of Dr. Kirkman, has the front of the head dusky rather than sienna-brown, and this colour does not extend so far back as in the case of the original specimen, which I take to be a male.” On behalf of his son, Dr. Scharrer exhibited and handed round a complete copy of the fourth and last volume of Stark & Sclater’s “ Birds of South Africa,’’ the issue of which had been delayed by the necessity of sending the index out to South Africa for final revision. He stated that the work would be ready for publication in about a fortnight. This volume contained the account of the game, shore, and water-birds, numbering altogether about 250 species. Dr. Scuater stated that he had say aay letters from his son at Cape Town, informing him ‘of the arrival there on the 28th of January of Lord Crawford in the R.Y.S. ‘Valhalla,’ and that Mr. Meade-Waldo and Mr. Nicoll were in good health. The * Valhalla’ had met with fine weather at South Trinidad Island, and a good series of birds had been secured. At Tristan da Cunha, unfortunately, the reverse had been the case, and after waiting three days the ‘* Valhalla” had been compelled to leave without being able to land the Naturalists. 63 [Vol. xvi. Dr. Scuarnr exhibited a second egg of the Kakaleur (Irrisor capensis), and remarked that it did not differ materially from the egg of the same species which he had exhibited on a former occasion. (Cf. Bull. B.O.C., XVI, no. cxxi., p. 48, 1906.) This egg, which had been kindly sent to Dr. Sclater by Mr. Haagner, the Secretary of the South African Ornithologists’ Union, had been taken by Mr. R. H. Ivy on the Ist of November, 1905, near _ Grahamstown. Mr. Ruskin BurrerFievp read a list of birds which had been added to the British List since the publication of the second edition of Mr. Howard Saunders’ “ Illustrated Manual of British Birds.” Dr. O. Frnscu, Hon. Memb. B.O.U., sent for exhibition an example of a new species of Owl from Western Java, which he proposed to name : SYRNIUM BARTELSI, Sp. ni. Toes feathered as in S. seloputo (Horsf.) and in S. maimgayt, Hume (from Malacca), but distinguished at once from both these species by the uniform dark-brown back and by having from 16 to 18 cross-bars on the tail- feathers. Similar also to S. leptogrammicum (Temm.), but that species is smaller (al. 300 mm.), has the back cross- barred and the toes naked. Al. 360, caud. 200 mm. The single specimen, a fully adult female, had been captured by Mr. Max Bartels at Pasir Datar, Preanger, on Mount Pangerango (2600 ft.), W. Java, and belongs to the collection “ Bartels and ter Meulen, Amsterdam.”’ Mr. Wirnersy in exhibiting a specimen of Hmberiza polopleura called attention to a number of filo-plumes which projected conspicuously beyond the feathers on the nape of the bird. Mr. Witherby had found that such elongate filo-plumes were present in both sexes of this Vol. xvi. | 64 species as well as in Hmberiza flaviventris and E. flavigastra, but he had been unable to detect them in other species of Buntings. He had, however, noticed that filo-plumes projected beyond the feathers on the nape of the Goldfinch, though not so conspicuously as in the specimen exhibited, and he had no doubt that they were present in other birds and had some significance. Captain A. E. Hamerton, who had shot the specimen exhibited, had pointed out these filo-plumes to Mr. Witherby, and had remarked that they were very conspicuous when the bird was alive. Mr. Pycrarr pointed out that filo-plumes were present in all birds, but that they rarely projected beyond the contour- feathers. They did so in the Cormorant and _ other species, and no doubt had a decorative significance. Mr. Bonnote exhibited and made some remarks on the Shoveler (Spatula clypeata), pointing out that this species of duck differed, so far as he knew, from all others, the drakes having an intermediate plumage between that of the eclipse and the full breeding-plumage of the following year. This plumage might be recognised from the following points :— (1) The head was of a uniform dark brown, much darker than that of the eclipse and showing no metallic gloss. (2) The feathers of the chest (pure white in the full plumage and dark brown with lighter edgings in the eclipse) in the intermediate plumage were white, with dark brown bars and a buff margin. This plumage was generally considered as that worn by young birds during their first winter; this, however, was not the case, Mr. Bonhote having had fully adult birds under observation throughout the year. Though the inter- mediate plumage was assumed by birds in their first year, they were always distinguishable from the adult by the following characters :— (1) The head did not become of so dark a brown, but moulted straight into metallic green in its first spring. 65 [Vol. xvi. (2) The white “intermediate feathers’’ on the breast were spotted, not barred. Mr. Bonhote went on to point out that the intermediate plumage succeeded the “eclipse” in September, about the time that the Mallard was assuming its full plumage, and that the change from the intermediate to the full plumage went on slowly throughout the winter varying with the individual, but that the complete breeding-dress was hardly, if ever, assumed until the end of March. The Hon. Watrer Roruscuitp believed that a similar intermediate plumage was assumed by the Pintail (Dafila acuta) also. Mr. Bonhote agreed, and said that he likewise suspected this to be the case. Mr. J. G. Minuats, however, believed that this so-called intermediate plumage in drakes of the Shoveler and Pintail was not due to a distinct moult but was caused by the full winter-plumage gradually changing to spring-plumage, a change of pattern taking place in the feathers. The Chairman requested that any Members who might wish to exhibit lantern-slides at the next meeting of the Club would furnish the Editor with lists of the same: before the 12th March. The next meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 21st March, 1906, at 8.30, at the Restaurant Frascati, 32, Oxford Street ; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members intend- ine to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326, High Holborn, W.C. (N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publi- cation. | (Signed) P. L. Scuatzer, W. R. Ocrivre-Grant, H. F. Wiruersy, Chairman. Editor. Sec. & Treas. ie. Lie ‘ of 5 Ve i's - : -_*een a , Se + wp ‘ is — | tz 14) 4 f ‘ ‘ ., ! if . G7 j ‘ it. x : 7 | : , | > 7 r is A ; 4 ‘ i 4 Hy jesnpat | isd ’ 4 4 f 7 itd ‘ 2 4 : yw 10) d+ detaas bivow fois gist ans RY ffi f : : ivi : hy ites 1 i767e +) Pere ae i O00 fa HOOT aie yi hy nih Gall gesnict fae Hen tp: : lA omni: oat wipes eu anh Yh as US ay tock) fre igeet Siti & jenni vty ih ea ery? OF [viehenis Aa) aald “hi eettign itt fx ont oni tal ah Vig P aly “aK iit ail it vAioielod voidall if vies mi heal iy t sited iii te ett. A usthinbe a A Dearie | “ tnauinit le 4. WD ote ia apetied i A 20 STV Xs. bees ye eve mae) aed 2 BULLETIN OF THE een iTisH: ORNITHOLOGISTS’.. CLUB. Tae hundred and twenty-second meeting of the Club was held at the Restaurant Frascati, 52, Oxford Street, on Wednesday, the 21st March, 1906. Chairman: P. Li. Scuarur, F.R.S. Members present :—E. Browe1x, Colonel C. T. Brncuam, J. L. Bonnotre, W. R. Burterrietp, H. EH. Dresstr, EH. V. Hart, H. J. Enwes, Guy L. Hwen, H. W. Frnuinson, C. Garnett, J. Gerrarp, F. Ginwerr, Norman Gunroy, H. Goopeutnp, J. H. Gurney, EH. Harrert, Ph.D., C. EH. Hettmayr, G. H. Loner, Lt.-Col. A. P. Loyp, J. Mch. MarsHaty, H. C. Monro, H. 8. Montacu, M.P., H. Munv, J. B. Nicuots, W. R. Oaitvis-Grant (Editor), THErp Prarssz, C. HE. Pearson, H. J. Pearson, F. G. Prenrose, M.D., H. L. Porpnam, A. EH. Pricz, W. P. Pycrart, F. R. Parone, KR. HH. Reap, C. B.. Rickert, Hon. W. Roruscuiip, Ph.D., M.P., A. D. SarpswortnH, J. SARGENT, H. Scuzrren, D. Seru-Surrn, F. Suarman, R. Bowpier sHaree, LL.D., J. Srares, A. Toorsurn, C. B. Tic NOE Ticurrsn, H.R.C.S., H. M. W auurs, [April 2nd, 1906.) Vol. xvi.] 68 Warpitaw-Ramsay, S. J. Wnairr, C. Wuymrrr, L. A. Wriirtams, H. F. Wrrnersy (Secretary and Ureasurer). Visitors :—J. M. Barton, 8S. Boorman, HE. Batrers, Hon. J. M. Campsett, E. J. Harz, C. EH. Facan, H. Gronvorp, J. E. Harstonr, A. Jones, R. B. Lopez, HE. K. Loyn, L. C. Lorn, G. A. Macmrtitan, D. H. Meares, W. M. Merepitu, J. B. Sarcent, R. ScHo.erietp, J. B. Scorr, M. C. Seron, C. G. Tatsot-Ponsonsy, 8S. WHITING. Mr. W. R. Oattvie-Grant described a new ‘Tree- Partridge from the Chin Hills, which he proposed to eall : ARBORICOLA BATEMANT, subsp. n. d adult. Closely allied to A. torqueola, from which it is distinguished by having the entire sides of the neck chestnut, spotted with black. In A. torqueola a short band of chestnut and black feathers commences behind the ear-coverts, and terminates half way down the neck, the remainder of the neck being black and white, like the throat. Wing 5°9, tarsus 1°7. The type-specimen was obtained by Mr. A. C. Bateman at Tiddim, near Fort White, Chin Hills, on the 3rd of December, 1905, and was forwarded to Mr. HE. W. Oates, by whom it was presented to the British Museum. The present form takes the place of A. torqueola to the south of Manipur, and has been procured at Falam by Mr. P. F. Wickham, while a number of examples have been forwarded by Colonel G. Rippon from Mt. Victoria. A communication from Dr. VY. Brancur contained diagnoses of five new subspecies of birds from south-eastern Tibet. 1. Con@us DAURICUS KHAMENSIS, Subsp. n. Coleus ec. daurico persimilis, sed major, long. ale 248-251 mm. contra maximum 242 min. in C. dawrico ; auchenio et gastraeo magis cinerascentibus. (Typ. in Mus, 69 E Wolles Seva; Zool. Acad. Scient. Caesar. Rossic. conserv. ¢ adult., ix., 1900, ad fl. Mekong dict. ; coll. Kozlow.) Hab. in terra Kham dicta, Tibet. merid.-orient. {+- 2. GECINUS GUERINI KOGO, subsp. n. Gecinus 4 J guerim simillimus, sed ubique pallidior, macula spissa nigra auchenali comparative angusta, plumis occipitis verticisque pro majore parte cinereis, solum- modo striis suprarhachidalibus nigris tenuibus ‘ornatis, nigredine frontali in femina fere evanescente; dorso laete-viridi (Ridgway, Nom. Col., X., 10 ‘bice green’) non oleagineo-viridi (Ridgway, X.,21) sicut in G. querini quermmi, nec olivaceo-viridi (Ridgway, X., 18) sicut in G. guerint tancolo ; colore cinerascenti-viridi pectoris abdominisque quam in G. guerini guerini pallidiore ; Superficie superiore ale minus quam in G. gueri guervnt olivaceo tincta. (Typ. in Mus. Zool. Acad. Seren. Caesar. Rossic. conserv. G 2 adult., 3, ix, 1900, fl. Bar-tschou, aftluent. fl. Nomu-tschu, tribut. fl. Mekong sup.; coll. Kozlow.) Hab. in terra Kham dicta, Tibet. merid.-orient. -3. BusBo BUBO TIBETANUS, Subsp. n. Bubo B. buboni setschuano Reichenow similis, sed multo major, long. ale g 460-470, 9 480-500 mim. contra $ 401-425 mm. in B. b. setschuano. (Typ. in Mus. Zool. Acad. Scient. Caesar. Rossic. conserv. ¢ 2 adult., vii., 1900, fl. Chi-tschu, affluent. Ytschu, tribut. fl. Dytschu, 2.e., Yang-tsze-Kiang sup. ; coll. Kozlow.) Hab. in Tibet. orientali a jugo Tang-la usque ad montis Nian-schan orient. 4, ACCIPITER NISUS LODYGINI, subsp. Accipiter g adult. coloratione generali et magnitudine A. niso similis, sed corpore supra multo obscuriore coloreque praepectoris et pectoris praevalescente cinnamomeo: pileum et latera capitis, auchenium basibus albis plumarum transparentibus nonnihil variegata, interscapulium. scapularesque, tectricesque alee superiores minores schistaceo-nigrae (Ridgway Nom. Col., IT., 2), sed non schistaceae (Ridg gway, II., 4) brunneo tinctae sicut in speciminibus obscurissimis A. nisi; tergum, uropygium, tectrices caudae superiores Vol. xvi.] 70 et superficies reliqua alae, primariis nigris exceptis, nigrescenti-schistaceae (Ridway, II., 3), sed non sicut in A. niso schistaceo-cinereae (Ridgway, L., 5) brunneo tinctae vel obscure cinereae (Ridgway, I1., 6); latera colli, praepectus, pectus lateraque pectoris cinna- momea, fasciis albis transversis paucis ornatae vel fasciis latioribus cinnamomeis fasciisque albis angus- tioribus delineatae. Long. corporis ©. 330, latitudo ec. | 570, long. alae 205-215, caudae 75-78, dig. med. cum ungue 40-42°5, culminis denudati per chordam - 16-0-16°5, a margine ceromatis ad apicem per chordam 10°5-11-75mm. (Typ. in Mus. Zool. Acad. Scient. Caesar. Rossic. conserv 2 ¢ adult., 1 ¢ juv. 1* vest., x., | 1900, fl. Bar-tschu, afiluent. fl. Nomer-tschu, tribut. fl. Mekong; 1 ¢ adult., 2¢ juv. 1* vest., xi., 1900, fl. Mekong sup.; coll. Kozlow.) Hab. in terra Kham dicta, Tibet Merid.-orient. AsTUR PALUMBARIUS KHAMENSIS, subsp. n. a Astur delineatione gastraei, in specie praepectoris sicut im A, palumbario solummodo fasciis regularibus transversis albis et brunneis nonnihil angustioribus, sed coloratione notaei obscurissimo. A. atricapillo simillimus: pileum. auchenium basibus albis transparentibus plumarum variegatuin ; auriculariae et latera ‘colli nigerrimae; inter scapuliuim, scapulares anteriores, tectricesque ¢ alae superiores minores schistaceo-nigrae (Ridgway, Nom. Col. IT. 2) plumis nigro marginatis ; superficies alarum superior, scapulares posteriores, tergum, uropygium, tectrices caudae superiores schistaceo-cinereae (Midway, IT. 5), marginibus plumarum obscurioribus ; praepec- tus, pectus, abdomen tibialesque fasciis regulariter transversis albis et brunneis, illis nonnihil angustio- ribus, his densius sitis sicut in A. palumbario delineatis, sed non sicut in praepectore A. atricapilli valde irregu- laribus, fere obsoletis, unduliformibus; plumae gas- traei totius lineis tenuissimis nigris, tantum a rhachi- dibus ipsis formatis, sed non sicut in A. atricapillo striis suprarhachidalibus latioribus ornatae. Long. corporis ¢ ¢. 520, latitudo c. 900, long. alae 320, caudae ¢. 242, tarsi 74, digiti med. cum ungue c. 64, culminis denudati per arcum 30, per chordam 26, a margine ceromatis ad apicem 20 mm. (Typ. in Mus. Zool. Acad. Scient. Cesar. Rossic. conserv., ¢ adult., 71 [Vol. xvi. 3. 1. 1901, fl. Re-tschu, affluent. fl. Mekone dictae ; coll. Kozlow.) Hab. in terra Kham dicta, Tibet. merid.-orient. Mr. W. R. Burrerririp exhibited an example of the Mediterranean Shearwater, Puffinus kuhli kuhli, Boie, and made the following remarks :— “The specimen now shown was picked up dead by a man named Jenner, on the Pevensey beach, Sussex, on the 21st February, 1906. It was carefully examined in the flesh by myself, and its sodden and sandy condition left no doubt that it had lain for two or three days where it was found. On dissection it turned out to be a female. “This form is found in the Mediterranean, and is not hitherto known to have visited the British Islands. “For comparison I also show a specimen of P. kuhli flavirostris (Gould), which replaces P. kuhli kuhli in the Atlantic. The Mediterranean form differs from that of the Atlantic, in having a smaller (especially shorter) bill; in having the basal portion of the inner webs of the longer remiges less uniformly dusky; and in having the front and sides of the head somewhat lighter (cf. Hartert, Novi- tates Zoologice, xu., p. 97. 1905). The Great Shear- water, Puffinus gravis, O’Reilly, differs from both the former in having a much smaller bill, a dark and well- defined crown, sooty under tail-coverts, and sooty edges to the feathers of the middle of the abdomen. “The Pevensey specimen may, I think, be safely assigned to the Mediterranean form, and it furnishes a good illustra- tion of one of the advantages of recognising sub-species, namely, that thereby we are often enabled to point toa more exact locality than would otherwise be possible.” Mr. Wirnersy described an apparently new sub-species of Dipper, as follows :— 1. CINcLUS CINCLUS PERSICUS, subsp. n. Most like C. c.rufwentris, Tristram, from Palestine, but larger, the wing of the male measuring 103-104 mm., Vol. xvi.] 72 as compared to 90 mm., and that of the female 90 mm., as compared to 83 mm. in that of C.c. rufiventris. In colora- tion the two forms are similar, but the breast and belly of the new sub-species are of a slightly redder tinge of reddish- brown than in C.c. rufiventris, and the flanks are reddish- brown instead of smoky-brown, while the upper side is slightly paler than that of the Palestine race. C.c. allicollis, of S.E. Europe, is smaller and of a much deeper red on the breast and belly, while C.c. caucasicus of Asia Minor and the Caucasus region is also smaller, and is of a dark smoky-brown on the belly. Hab. S.W. Persia. Type ¢ ad. April 16, 1905. Mountains near Mal Amir, 6000 feet altitude. Collected by Mr. R. B. Woosnam. The following Lantern-slides were then exhibited :— By Dr. F. G. Penrose. . Male Stonechat bringing food. . Coot on land. . Peewit on its nest. . Redshank on its nest. . Oyster-catcher approaching its nest. 55 settled on its nest. . Ruffs on their “ fighting-ground.” . Black-headed Gull on its nest. 9. Common Tern on its nest. 10. Arctic Tern settling. 11. Avocet on the watch. ont oor wbnd F 12. » approaching its nest. 13. 5 settling on eggs. 14, , settled. 1 5. 3) 33 16. Pink-footed Geese on the wing. Mr. S. Warrine (introduced by Mr. H. L. Pornam) exhibited a series of slides showing the Dartford Warbler at its nest. 73 [Vol. xvi. Mr. H. L. Popnam showed the following slides photo- eraphed in Russian-Lapland : — Mr. . Site of a Jer-Falcon’s nest. . Black-bellied Dipper’s nest. . Merlin’s eggs. . Lesser White-fronted Goose’s nest. Wigeon’s nest. . Capercaillie’s nest. . Merganser on its nest. . Reeve on its nest. . Lap Tit at its nest. . Whimbrel’s nest. . Whimbrel on its nest. . Dotterel’s nest. . Dotterel on its nest. . Temminck’s Stint on its nest. . Pine-Grosbeak on its nest. . Siberian Jay at its nest. . Greenshank’s nest. . Greenshank on its nest. . Dusky Redshank’s nest. . Dusky Redshank on its nest. R. B. Lopez (introduced by Mr. G. H. Loper) _ exhibited the following very fine slides :— 1-2. Griffon Vulture in its nest. 3. 4. Booted Hagle at its nest. Purple Heron ,, 39 5-6. Spoonbill and young in the nest. the 8. 3) 10. TL Southern Grey Shrike (Lanius meridionalis). Red-backed Shrike. Yellow Wagtail. Reed-Bunting. Young Cuckoo being fed by Hedge-sparrow. 12-13. Barn-Owl. 14-15. Cormorant. 16. ie Heron on its nest. Little Hegrets. Vol. xvi. | 74 18. Buff-backed Heron. 19. Little Egret and Buff-backed Heron. 20. Night-Heron. 21-22. Glossy Ibis. 23-24., » »9 . and Herons. 25. White Stork and its young. 26. Pratincole. 27-28. Stilt. 29. Black Tern on its nest. 30. Black-headed Gull on its nest. -32. Kittiwakes. . Guillemots. . Puffins. . Little Grebe on its nest. 3 5, feeding its young. . Ruffs. . pratail . Teal. . Tufted Duck. . Great Reed-Warbler (young). . Waterhen. . Little Owl (captive). . Whiskered Tern’s nest. . Little Egret’s nest. . Night Heron’s nest. . Buff-backed Heron’s nest. . Glossy Ibis’ nest. 49, Stilt’s nest. 50. Black Stork’s nest. Coe PP RB DR DB SS B oO co CO CH OO Ww OO CD ANAC ErWNFH OO ON SH Ore Dr. N. F. Ticenurst exhibited the following slides :— 1-2. Herons. Brede, Sussex. 3. Male Stonechat. | 4, Robin on its nest. | 5. Robin’s nest built in the open and domed like a Wren’s. Ewhurst, Sussex. 6. Blue-headed Waetail’s nest with young. Sussex. 7. Magpie’s nest. Hwhurst, Sussex. St. Leonard’s, Sussex. 75 [Vol. xvi. 8. Yellow Wagtail’s nest. Romney 9. Waterhen’s nest. (eee ee 10-14. Reed-Warbler feeding its young. Foes i 15-16. Little Grebe on its nest. 17. Young of Common Tern. ills, Moune of Little Tern. Hompey are 19. Sand-Martin’s nesting-holes. 20. Short-eared Owl’s nest with young. Shoveler’s nest. S Water-Rail’s nest. . Great Crested Grebe’s nest. -28. Bearded Tit Feeding its young. bho SS Norfolk. bo ° Do po bw bw ey ¢ = Mr. H. B. Boors sent the following slides to illustrate the life-history of the common Cuckoo :— 1. Nest of Meadow-Pipit, containing three eggs and one Cuckoo’s egg. 2. The same nest, showing young Cuckoo about three days old, with two young Meadow-Pipits and an addled eee thrown out of the nest. 3. The same young Cuckoo when eight days old. 4. The same when fourteen days old, the young Cuckoo being now too big for the nest, which might be seen behind the bird. In the absence of Dr. EH. A. Wutson, who was unfortunately unable to be present, Mr. W. P. Pyorarr exhibited a number of the magnificent slides taken by the members of the “ Discovery’ Antarctic Expedition, 1901-1904. A list of these slides, which had already been shown at the meeting held on the 15th March, 1905, will be found in the Bull. B.O.C., XV., no. exiv., p. 59 (1905). Mr. E. Browse showed slides lent by Mr. Thomas Tait, Broomend, Inverurie, Aberdeenshire. 1. Curlew on its nest. 2. Young Curlew in down. 3. Hider-Duck’s nest and eggs. 4, Young of the Hider-Duck in down. Vol. xvi. ] 76 5. Tern on its nest. 6. Nest and eggs of the Tern. 7. Grey Hen on its nest. 8. Nest and eges of the Grey Hen. 9. A Sutherland cliff. 10. Young Long-eared Owl. 11-12. Black-headed Gull hovering above its nest. 13. re " descending to its nest. 14. af 3 settled on its nest. 15. ¢ - leaving its nest. The Rev. F. C. R. Jourpary forwarded the following note :— “The number of hybrids which have occurred in Great Britain between Black Game and Pheasant is under- estimated in the Bulletin (cf. no. exxil., p. 55). At least thirty-seven specimens have been preserved, and others are known to have been shot, so that this hybrid is by no means so rare as 1s supposed by Mr. Millais. 24 3 | Falling | 3071 | 29°9| About the same 47 NW slight pe 4 | Rising 29°9 | 30:0 | Warmer 47 | 50 | W light » 26 6 | Steady | 30 About the same 50 W light ape eel 8 | Steady | 30 About the same 50 SW moderate », 28 6 | Falling | 30 | 29°7| Warmer 50 | 52 |SW fresh op 4 | Falling | 29°7 | 29:5 | Colder 52 | 49 | SW strong » 930 1 | Falling | 29°5 | 29:1 | Colder 49 | 48 | SW toS strong May 5 0 | Rising 20° & Cold 45 NE strong i 16 2 | Faling | 30°4] 30°3 | Warmer 45 | 49 | NE strong ee Cf 5 | Falling | 30°3 | 3071 | About the same 49 | 50 | N light ee 8 5 | Rising 30°1 | 30°2 | Slightly warmer | 50 | 52 | N light ie) 4 | Rising 30°2 | 304 | About the same 52 | 50 | N light ag aK) 1 | Steady | 30°4| 30°3) Warmer 50 | 53 | Variable, light General Character of Weather. Overeast, rain (| Fine early U| Overcast later Rain Rain | Rain Dull and misty Misty Misty Overcast Rain Overcast Overcast, sleet, and rain Hail and sleet Overcast Overcast Clearing up Overcast Showery Showery Fine all over SW Europe Overcast Overeast, rain Overcast, rain Overcast, rain Clear Clear Fine and clear Fine and clear Fine and clear Fine and clear It will be seen from the above table that migration proceeded apparently with little reference to weather conditions, but it will be noticed that during the periods marked by the largest number of immigrations, viz., April 9th —12th, and 26th —28th, and May 7th— 9th, the 14 temperature was generally rising and the wind moderate or light, the direction of the wind being in the first two periods from the south-west, and in the last from the north. The weather conditions have been drawn from the daily weather reports issued by the Meteorological Office, and refer to the stations on the south coast of England and north coast of France. The following Table will give an idea of the areas of arrival of the various species :— A, Species arriving solely on the western half of the south coast. Ring Ouzel Switt Common Sandpiper yarden-Warbler Land-Rail (House-Martin) B. Species arriving along the whole of the south coast, but first and chiefly on its western half. Wheatear Blackcap Swallow Chiffchaft Sedge-Warbler Sand-Martin Willow-Wren Spotted Flycatcher Nightjar c. Species arriving along the whole of the south coast, but first and chiefly on the eastern half. Nightingale Turtle-Dove (House-Martin) p. Species arriving on the south-east coast from Essex to Hants. Whinchat Tree-Pipit Cuckoo Redstart Yellow Wagtail ~*Ring Ouzel Whitethroat Red-backed Shrike *Common Lesser Whitethroat Wryneck Sandpiper Reed-Warbler ‘Turtle-Dove *On passage, 15 Of the counties which have formed the points of arrival of the immigrants, Sussex and Hampshire have been by far the most favoured ; while Devon and Dorset come next, and Kent follows. A very few apparently direct over- sea arrivals have been recorded in Essex, but in this connection it must be noted that these immigrants may have first proceeded up the east coast of Kent, where our observers are few. It may here be noted that those migrants, which are ~ very rare or unknown in Ireland, have none of them arrived on the western end of the south coast. As regards the distribution of the migrants after their arrival on the coast, perhaps one of the most interesting points brought out by the records is that in some species (such as the Whinchat and Chiffchaff), the birds which arrived first were not the nesting-birds of the southern counties. In most of these cases a few of the birds composing the first immigrations remained in the south, but the bulk journeyed further north. A further point of general interest in relation to the distribution of the migrants, and one that is borne out by many records, is that, in the case of a number of species, Wales as well as the western and north-western counties of England were populated before the eastern and north- eastern counties. The rapidity with which many species passed north- wards to their breeding-grounds immediately after their arrival on our shores should also be noted. Finally, we may draw attention to two routes, which appear to be taken by birds of passage through this country—the one from Devon and Dorset, through the West of England and North Wales, and so out of the country, and the other from Sussex and the south-eastern corner of Hngland, probably up the south-eastern coast, and out of the country from Norfolk, and, possibly, from still further north. Although these routes seem to be fairly well defined by the records for the spring of 1905, 16 further observations are needed before they can be con- sidered as well-ascertained facts. F. G. Prenrosz, Chairman. M. J. Nico... N. F. Ticenurst. H. F. WiTHERsY. J. L. Bonuore, Secretary. 17 THE RING-OUZEL. Turdus torquatus L. Or this species there were apparently two, or possibly three, main immigrations. The first arrivals appeared in the north and west about the middle of March, the main body reaching their breeding-quarters in those localities by the 3rd of April ; the records, however, give no information as to where these birds struck the coast. Strageglers continued to arrive in Somerset and Devon up till the 6th, and it seems therefore reasonable to suppose that the immigrants mentioned above, which formed the bulk of our breeding- birds, made their entry through Devon. The second immigration occurred along the Hampshire and Sussex coasts on April 10th and 11th. It is possible that the birds in this movement were part of our breeding- birds, but there are no records whereby they may be traced through the country. There is a certain amount of evidence, however, indicating that they may have remained on the south coast until the arrival of the third immigration, and then have passed through with these birds to the north-east. The third immigration took place on the Sussex coast on April 18th and 24th, and itis clear from the records that the birds in this movement passed through Hssex on the 30th and then passed northward, apparently out of Eneland. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. March 20. Derby. ” 25.) Workshire. Pole) Morkshire: 18 Merioneth. Merioneth (increase). Lancashire. Cheshire, Lancashire and Yorkshire. Devon. Somerset. Devon. Derby and Hants. Sussex and Hants. Sussex (increase). Hants. Sussex (decrease). Devon. Radnor. Sussex (slight increase). Durham. Sussex (increase). Hssex. 19 RING-OUZEL. - ENGLAND anv WALES L SS re — f 20 WHEATEAR. ENGLAND | sn WALES | En. ess mies Ist Immigration_thus:- __Mch 20s and Immigration thus- ©) 34 Immigration thus:- ; 4h (mmigration thus - 5th Immigration thus:- 6tP Immigrat" thus: Al ™ = May. Dates without initial are in ee 2 Mch ~ Nake, 18 | | Mekt] 7 MS 21 THE WHEHATEAR. Sawicola cenanthe (L.) Tur immigrations of the Wheatear undoubtedly consisted of large numbers of birds arriving along the whole extent of our southern coasts in successive waves. The records during the spring of 1905 enable us to trace six of these movements. The first immigration, heralded by numerous stragglers which came mainly from the south-west between the 14th and 18th of March, struck the coast of Devon on the 19th, and spreading rapidly up the west, reached Anglesea on the 21st March, while stragglers at the same time spread all along the south coast. These immigrants distributed themselves over the west and north, reaching Yorkshire by the 25th and Durham on the 26th, and during the latter part of this time there were very few birds in Devonshire, where they first landed. This immigration was entirely unrecorded from the light-stations. The second immigration was recorded over a broader front, the birds striking the coast first and in greatest numbers at Kingsbridge, in Devon, on March 28th, and being recorded as arriving on the following two or three days alone the whole of the south coast. The evidence at hand seems to show that these afterwards spread them- selves in a northerly direction across the whole country, and until the next immigration very few remained in the southern counties. This movement also can barely be made out from the lighthouse records, only si six occurrences of stragglers bemeg noticed. The third immigration was first noticed in Somerset on - the 8th April, and was followed by large numbers arriving in Dorset and Hampshire on the 9th and 10th, the birds 22 spreading north and north-eastwards throughout the country. Between April 11th and 15th the species was numerously recorded from several lighthouses on the east coast, these birds, probably representing emigrants, which had passed through the country from the south. The fourth immigration, which was entirely unnoticed by any inland observers, occurred at various lights in Hampshire and Dorset on the nights of the 27th and 28th April. The failure of the land observers to record this immigration would appear to indicate that most of these birds -passed rapidly through the country, but it should also be borne in mind that the majority of our resident Wheatears having already arrived, a slight increase would hardly be noticeable. The fifth immigration, consisting apparently entirely of the large race of this species, took place on the Kent and Sussex coasts between the 6th and 9th of May. The sivth and last immigration, which was also recorded as consisting of birds of the large race, occurred at Hastings on the 14th May and at Hayling Island two days later. In all the immigrations the cocks and hens appear to have been in approximately even numbers, but the earlier stragglers preceding the first immigration were without exception males. It has long been known that a large race of this species, supposed to have its summer quarters in Greenland’, passes through these islands annually. Careful measurements of the wings and tarsi sent in by the lighthouse-keepers prove that these forms may be clearly separated. The measurements are as follows :— 3 3 Large race. Wing 109—100 mm. Av. 105 mm. Small ,, a 98— 94mm. Ay. 96°7 mm. ? ? Large ,, » 106— 98mm. Av. 101°7 mm. Small ,, 5 95— 90mm. Av. 92°7 mm. We have no record of any birds of the larger race arriving before the 10th of April, and no bird of the smaller race struck a light after the 29th of April, so it * Howard Saunders’ Manual B.B., p. 20 (1899). 23 seems probable that the first two immigrations consisted solely of birds belonging to the smaller race; in the third and fourth immigrations both races were migrating together, and the last two movements were entirely com- posed of the larger birds. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE ReEcorRDS. March 14. oan! a ee 1G), aoa gs Bae lS: sag Oi BO Be ie (0). Be finer k: 2: Beet cos peers. pee 20: oe ADE oy NA on) PASE oo ae April 2 29 3. ns 8. 39 De 55 10. be ilies 5 2: ES 14. ee 2A, Hampshire and Somerset (males). Cardigan (1 male). Cheshire. Carnarvon and Somerset (males). Devon. Sussex and Hampshire (males). | Monmouth. Devon (many). Cornwall. Somerset and Anglesea. Somerset and Anglesea (increase) ¢ and ?. Staffordshire. Isle of Man, Shropshire, Lancashire and Middlesex. Sussex (increase). Anglesea (further increase). Somerset (decrease). Essex and Yorkshire. Durham. Berkshire. Devon (increase). Essex (slight increase). Lancashire (shght increase). Dorset (many). Sussex and Kent (slight increase). Cumberland and Norfolk. Monmouth and Cheshire (abundant). Norfolk and Westmoreland. Somerset and Merioneth (increase). Isle of Man (increase). | Merioneth (decrease). Dorset and Hampshire lights (many). Anglesea (many). Sussex, Hampshire and Merioneth (increase). Devon (decrease). Somerset (decrease). Merioneth (decrease). Anglesea (decrease). 24. Hampshire and Dorset lights (many). Sussex coast (many). Kent and Sussex lights (many). Sussex (decrease). Sussex (increase). Hampshire coast (increase). Hampshire (decrease). THE WHINCHAT. Pratincola rubetra (L..) ‘From the records for the spring of 1905 it appears that the Whinchat usually carries on its migrations in small numbers, and arrives in the south-eastern counties of England. The first record was on March 15th, a very early date. The next arrival was not noted until April 6th, and during the next ten days the records were very few, and referred, almost without exception, to birds in the eastern part of the country, there being only two or three records from Shropshire and Cheshire. The first marked immigration, which was, however, a small one, occurred on the 16th and 17th of April, in Hssex. The large majority of these immigrants passed on in a north-westerly direction into Cheshire, Lancashire and North Wales, and until the advent of the next im- migration very few Whinchats were left in the south. These birds, however, although their progress northwards was slow, did not stay in the north-west of England, but gradually dwindled in numbers until by April 27th all had disappeared. The second immigration, which was also small, occurred along the south-east coast from Hssex to Hampshire on the 26th and 27th April. These birds quickly followed on the lines of their predecessors, and passed through the country into Wales and the West of England, where they began to arrive on the 1st of May, bringing with them the stragglers left over in the south by the former immigration. Between the 30th of April and 6th of May the birds were apparently almost entirely absent from the southern 26 counties, but on the latter date the third immigration commenced. This movement was a large one and extended over several days, the birds arriving along the whole of the south coast from Dorset to the Thames. The birds composing this immigration were undoubtedly our summer- residents, as from this time the Whinchat was recorded in its usual numbers from all over the country. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. March 15. Kent (1). April 6. Norfolk (1). ns 8. Shropshire (2). » 10. Cambridge (1). , 12. Sussex (3), Kent (1). ,» 13. Shropshire and Hants. * 14. Cheshire. , 15. Surrey and Notts. , , 16. Cambridge (increase). Sussex. , 17. Lanes. Essex (many). . 19. Merioneth and Cheshire. bs 23. Cumberland. 25. Yorkshire. ae 29 , 26. Sussex (slight increase). » 2%. Hants (slight increase). As 29. Suffolk. en 30. Berks. May 1. Herts. ss 3. Gloucestershire, Cheshire and North Wales (slight increase). By 6&7. Sussex, Surrey, Hants and Dorset (slight increase). 3 8. Sussex (further increase). 3 11. Surrey (increase). 27 WHINCHAT. ENGLAND axp WALES | ale thus: 24 |mmigration thus: 3°4 Immigration thus M=May. | Dates without initial xiaes are im April. 28 REDSTART. 1 oo ENGLAND Ist Immigration thus:—__ !2 24 Immigration thus:— ré |mmigration thus - Allitthe dates are jn April Le ie ; f Ap9-l2. Apia. Api8 iS) vo) THE REDSTART. Ruticilla phoeenicurus (L.) THE records of the Redstart in 1905 show a most unexpectedly uneven distribution, for although the bird was fairly common in Wales and the north of England, it was apparently exceptionally scarce in the south and east. Three distinct immigrations may be noted, the first and most important of which took place between the 9th and 12th of April along the south coast from Dorset to Kent. These birds moved on rapidly to the north and north-west so that by the 15th there were but few left in the south, whilst in Shropshire, Cheshire, Lancashire and the north they were reported commonly after that date. The second immigration was considerably smaller and was noticed chiefly in Hampshire. It began on April 18th, after which date there was a slight increase of birds in the south, but they were still in much smaller numbers than is usual. On April 27th and 28th the third movement, which extended from Hampshire to Kent, was reported from the lighthouses. | The land-observers made no note of this movement, and the numbers of birds inland showed no increase. It seems, therefore, probable that these immigrants were passing through the country, or probably eastwards along the south and northwards along the east coasts, en route for northern Hurope, a view that is strengthened by the fact that Redstarts appeared at the Would Light off the coast of Norfolk on April 29th and May 2nd. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE ReEcoRDs. April’ 9. Pe lO oe Age haan by sue bebe ee ole cama tS ae eliG. el i ee me. rea. 22. 3) Hants (coast). Kent and Hants (coasts). Radnor. Dorset, Hants, Sussex and Kent (coasts). Devon. Kent, Hants and Sussex (coasts). Wiltshire. Surrey, Cambridge, Somerset and Shropshire. Shropshire, Gloucestershire, Suffolk and Lincoln- shire. Shropshire, Cheshire, Suffolk and Norfolk. Shropshire (decrease). Cheshire (increase). Yorkshire and Lancashire. Northumberland and Derby. Hants (slight increase). Wiltshire and Merioneth. Somerset. Kent and Westmoreland. Westmoreland (increase). Merioneth and Hants. 27-28. Hants, Sussex, Kent and Suffolk lighthouses. May 1. Cambridge (many). dL THE NIGHTINGALE. Daulias luseania (L.) Tue Nightingale arrived along our southern shore from the Isle of Wight eastwards, and we have no positive proof of its arrival on the east coast, the few scattered lighthouse records from the mouth of the Thames being probably those of birds that had passed through Kent. Owing to the comparatively restricted range of this bird in Hngland the records are not very numerous, but it seems clear that it arrived in three main bodies, and after its arrival spread very slowly into its usual breeding- quarters. The first immigration, which was not preceded by any stragglers, took place on the 11th and 12th of April, when the bird was recorded from several places along the coast from the Isle of Wight to Hastings. These birds travelled gradually north, reaching Surrey, Berks, and Essex on the 13th, and Suffolk, Bedford, Cambridge, and Norfolk by the 15th. The main body of the second immigration arrived on the west coast of Sussex on April 15th and 16th, and appears to have taken, a more westerly course than the former arrivals, being recorded from Dorset on April 17th, and, eradually working westwards, was noticed in Somerset on the 24th. Thence it appears to have gone northwards, Shrewsbury being reached on the Ist May, and Oswestry on the 4th. The third immigration, which was the main movement of this species, occurred on the 28th and 29th April along the same extent of coast as the former immigrations. The individuals of this movement followed on the lines of the first, and spread themselves in a northerly direction 52 through their breeding-area, an increase being especially noticeable during the first week in May in the eastern counties as far north as Lincoln. The notes regarding sex were rather meagre, but, so far as can be judged, the males arrived first, while the females probably arrived with the last immigration, since the birds were first recorded as mating on the 29th April. By May 7th the females had reached the north of Shropshire, and at this date no doubt all our Nightingales had settled down in their breeding-quarters. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. April 11. Shipwash (Suffolk), St. Catherine’s and Nab (Hants). Sussex. » 12. Kentish Knock (Kent). Sussex and Hants. , 13. Essex, Hants, Kent, Surrey and Berks. ,» 14. Suffolk, Bedford and Norfolk. » 15. Cambridge and Sussex (many). Suffolk (in- crease). Herts. Sussex coast. ,, 16. Sussex coast(many). Smith’s Knoll (Norfolk). ,, 17. Sussex (many). Dorset coast and Norfolk. 18, 19, 20. Very few records anywhere except in Hants and Sussex. » 21. Surrey (many). , 23. Hertsand Berks(shght increase). Dorset coast. , 24. Hssex (increase). Dorset (slight increase). Norfolk and Somerset. . , 28. Hants coast (many). Bristol Channel. ,, 29. Bristol Channel and Lincoln. Sussex coast (many). 30. Hants coast (decrease). 1. Cambridge (increase). Shropshire. 3. Norfolk (many). 4, Hants coast (increase). 5. Sussex coast (increase). ,, 6. Essex (increase), Berks (increase). , 7. Kent (increase). » 8. Suffolk (increase). Sussex coast (decrease). Shropshire (increase). OS oo NIGHTINGALE. ee ENGLAND anp WALES end Herter ise thus): 4immjgration thus: — M = May Dates without 34. THE WHITETHROAT. Sylvia cinerea Bechst. Tue Whitethroat is one of those species that migrates in large numbers, waves of migrants passing over the country at short intervals. With one possible exception these movements swept across the country in a north-westerly direction, the birds arriving on our south-eastern shores. The exception is to be found in what we have called below the fourth immigration, which was first noticed in Somerset and two days after in Hampshire and Dorset, a sequence of dates which usually occurs in species that travel in a north-easterly direction, but without further evidence it is inadvisable to lay too much stress on this point. The fist immigration took place in the south-east from Hssex to Hampshire between the 10th and 12th of April and spread northwards into Suffolk, Surrey, Bedfordshire and Berkshire, and westwards into Wilts and Somerset. The more westerly birds then seem to have passed rapidly north, reaching Shropshire in good numbers on the 13th of April, Stafford and Cheshire on the 15th, and Derby on the 17th, very few birds remaining in Hampshire after the 14th. The easterly birds moved north in a similar manner, reaching Notts and Norfolk on the 17th, and Lincoln on the 23rd, while Lancashire and West Yorkshire were reached on the following day by the western contingent. On April 21st and 22nd there was an apparent increase in Somerset, many being recorded from Winscombe on those days, but the records give no indication of how they arrived there. The second immigration lasted several days and took place between the 26th and 29th of April along the same stretch of coast as the first. The birds followed on the 35 lines of the former movement passing north and north- west. Cheshire was reached on the 30th, but it appears likely that a further movement west took place during the first week of May, the birds decreasing in Shropshire and Cheshire, with a corresponding and considerable increase on May 5th in Anglesea, where they did not stay but passed on. Third immigration. On the 7th and 8th of May another small immigration took place chiefly along the _ south-east coast and passed west in the track of the earlier arrivals. Fourth immigration. A large number of birds are recorded from Somerset on May 12th and from Hampshire and Hssex on the two following days. These birds were apparently going north by east, but as we have already noted the records do not enable us to trace them with any degree of certainty. The bulk of our resident birds appear to have arrived with the first and second movements. The subsequent immigrations, as well as part of the second, consisted for the most part of birds of passage. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE ReEcoRDS. April 9,10 & 11. Hants coast (many). pee bl Kent. 5» 12. Wilts, Sussex, Kent, and Essex (a few). » 13. Shropshire (many). Somerset and Suffolk. » 14. Hants (decrease). » 15. Surrey, Berks, Bedford and Cheshire. Stafford- shire (many). ,, 16. Berks and Surrey (slight increase). » 17. Derby, Notts and Norfolk. oi.) Somerset (many). » 22. Glamorganshire. > 23. Dorset and Lincoln. > 24. Yorkshire and Lancashire. : », 26. Essex and Surrey (slight increase). | Somerset (decrease). » 27. Hants (increase). Merioneth. April 28. 29, 33 39 May oP) 39 29 ih) a ao ale Co Ot OO e . . 0O “I No) 10. 12. 14. 56 Anglesea. Berks and Essex (increase). Cheshire (increase). Gloucestershire, Shropshire and Cambridge (many). Radnor. Sussex and Somerset (increase). Yorkshire (slight increase). Cheshire (decrease). Warwickshire. Somerset (decrease). | Denbigh. Anglesea (increase). Durham. Cheshire and Radnor (increase). Devon. Durham (slight increase). Hants, Sussex, Kent, Essex, Suffolk, Surrey and Shropshire (increase). | Radnor (decrease). Isle of Man. Denbigh (increase). Somerset, Hants and Isle of Man ( increase). Essex, Surrey, Hants, Yorkshire and Radnor (increase). 37 WHITETHROAT. ENGLAND anv WALES English: Miles Ist Immigration thu gee) 2ed |mmigration thus :— (ai) , 3rd |mmigration thus = |i Xe Immigration omitted. & —r V, AY Nate without initial 24 are in April qe Yj —>) 0 n | —————— — es = —= i} 55) 38 LESSER WHITETHROAT. | Only the first appearan e in ez locality is noted in the| Map. M = May). Dates without initial are in April. THE LESSER WHITETHROAT. Sylvia curruca (L.) Tur records of the Lesser Whitethroat are unfortunately not sufficiently numerous to enable the method of this bird’s immigrations to be traced with any certainty. It is, however, clear that during the spring-migration Lesser Whitethroats travel in small parties, in couples, or singly ; there is no evidence of their travelling or appear- ing in a party or flock of any size. The point of arrival is clearly shown to be the south-eastern coasts, the birds then passing on quickly to the west and north-west. No marked immigrations were recorded, the birds arriving gradually throughout the latter half of April and the first week of May. From the 14th to the 21st April they remained in the south-east corner of England, but on the 22nd a straggler reached Cheshire, while Somerset, Bedford, Herts and Cambridge were reached on the two following days. On the 28th and 29th April the immigratory movement appears to have been at its height, and, although, as before stated, no marked immigration is to be traced, yet from this time onwards, there was an increase in the records of this species. It appears to have been still arriving during the first fortnight in May, as the bird was gradually extending its range northwards and westwards, being noticed in Mid-Wales on the 6th, North Wales on the 11th, and finally in Westmoreland on the 12th, but previous to this date it was already breeding in the south. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. April 14. Berks. Pe ala anc los Sussex: bo =o bo bk bb bo Co pe am bo bo CO ST > OF bo bo bo Ne) Co bo rT AG Or AO Suffolk. Hants. Sussex and Hants. Berks and Cheshire. Sussex, Somerset and Bedford. Berks, Herts and Cheshire. Cambridge (a few). Hants. Suffolk, Notts and Surrey. Berks and Cheshire. Berks, Somerset, Shropshire, Hants, and Norfolk. Somerset (common). Shropshire (several). Hants, Sussex, Surrey and Berks. Berks, Sussex, Cheshire, Hants and Yorkshire. Berks, Sussex, Kentish Knock, Shropshire, Yorkshire and Cambridge. Orford (Suffolk). Yorkshire. Berks, Essex, Hants, Surrey and Yorkshire. Orford (Suffolk). Berks, Sussex, Hssex, Suffolk, Hants, Surrey, Somerset, Cheshire, Lanes. and Lines. Sussex, Surrey, Berks, Hssex, Suffolk, Somerset and Cheshire. Somerset and Berkshire (slight increase). North Wales. Suffolk (increase). Dorset (a few). Lincoln (slight increase). North Wales (increase). Westmoreland. 4] THE BLACKCAP. Sylvia atricapilla (L.) -Txe Blackeap, although a numerous and _ generally distributed species, does not, according to our evidence, migrate in large numbers, but a few arrive daily for a considerable period. The earlier arrivals quickly settled down in the southern counties, but it was some little time before their breeding-haunts in the north were populated. Disregarding a few early stragglers which were noted during the last days of March and beginning of April, they first began to arrive along the whole of the south coast on the 9th and 10th of April, and from then onwards a gradual daily increase was apparent in the southern counties, the birds spreading by degrees northwards after April 14th, Cheshire and Suffolk being reached on the 15th, Lancashire on the 24th, and Durham and Yorkshire on May Ist and 2nd. We may note that the species spread along the west of England more rapidly than along the east, Yorkshire and Durham being reached a week later than Lancashire, and Cambridge a week after it had been recorded from Cheshire. The only large immigration took place at the same time as that of several other species on the 24th and 25th April in Dorset, and a further wave was recorded two days later from St. Catherine’s Lighthouse in the Isle of Wight. The birds of this movement may be traced to Somerset on the 29th, Salop on May 1st and North Wales on the Ath; while at the same time an increase is noted at Cambridge on May Ist. The records after May 1st were so generally distributed that it is impossible to determine for how long a time this 4.2 species continued to arrive, but it seems probable that its migrations were still in progress during the first week or ten days of May. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. March 27. Kent. April 1. Berks and Somerset. 4 2. Somerset. » >. Berks and Somerset. © > 2, 4. Somerset, Dorset and Hants. - 7 and 8. Somerset. es 9. Somerset, Dorset, Hants, Sussex and Kent. » 10. Somerset, Dorset, Hants and Sussex (increase). Bedford and Kent. » ll. Essex, Hants, Sussex, Dorset and Somerset. » 12. Hants, Sussex, Dorset and Somerset. » 13. Hssex, Devon, Somerset, Dorset, Hants, Wilts, Sussex and Berks. » 14. Somerset, Dorset, Wilts, Sussex, Berks and Essex. After this date only differences in numbers and dis- tribution are noted. April 15. Suffolk and Cheshire. | AG. Surrey. 5» 19. Cambridge. » 20. Shropshire. » 21. Cambridge (slight increase). Lancashire and Merioneth. » 22. Herts, Denbigh. » 208. Middlesex. » 24. Dorset and Somerset (increase). » 2¢ and 28. Hants coast (increase). Cardigan. » 29. Somerset (increase). Staffordshire. May 1. Shropshire and Cambridge (increase). Durham. ui 2. Yorkshire. id 4, Merioneth (increase). Lincoln. 43 BLACKCAP. 2 Ss ——— ENGLAND axp WALES {I Is* Immigration thus; = end Immigration thus ; — t M = May. Dates without initial are In April. av G | : 44. GARDEN-WARBLER. ENGLAND axp WALES — This Map only illustrates the time-table. | M = May. Dates without initial are in April. Ma THE GARDEN-WARBLER. Sylvia hortensis Bechst. Tur Garden-Warbler, perhaps owing to its comparative scarcity and to the difficulty in identifying it, has not been well recorded. Observations from the coast are lacking, and it is not possible to give a satisfactory account of the method of this bird’s immigration. Stragelers were apparently arriving between the 16th and 20th April, but up to the end of the month they were only recorded from Somerset, Berks, Hants, Herts and Cambridge. During the first week of May there was an increase in Somerset and Hampshire, and the birds were recorded for the first time from Sussex and Kent. During the same period the birds that had first arrived moved on and were absent from the lower Midlands, while fresh records were | sent in from Wales, Lancashire and Yorkshire. By May 8th the second arrivals appear to have repopulated the Midlands, and Garden-Warblers continued to arrive until May 16th, when they appear to have become established in their summer quarters as far north as Durham. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. April 16. Cambridge. we 7. Berks: , 20. Berks and Somerset. ,» 21. Berks and Cambridge. > 2o- Herts. ,» 24. Cambridge. » 20. Hants. , 29. Shropshire and Hants. 46 Cambridge (increase). | Wiltshire and Durham. Yorkshire. Essex, Somerset. Sussex. Radnor, Merioneth. Radnor, Yorks and Durham (slight increase). Kent, Surrey and Lancashire. Essex and Somerset (slight increase). Suffolk. Dorset and Lincolnshire. Westmoreland. THE GRASSHOPPHR-WARBLER. Locustella nevia (Bodd.) THE immigrations of this species are difficult to trace as the number of records is very small, owing presumably to the skulking habits of the bird and its local distribution. It apparently arrived in small numbers, and as far as can be made out it first reached this country along the south coast from Dorset to Hast Sussex. The earliest arrival took place on the 9th April. The birds quickly moving on to their summer-quarters, and spreading north, reached the Norfolk Broads by the 15th, Cheshire on the 22nd and Durham on the 24th. The only immigration in any numbers took place at Swanage in Dorset, on the 26th April, the day after the occurrence of a large immigration of Chiffchaffs, Willow- Warblers, Wheatears and Swallows. This immigration was apparently continued on the following night when it was recorded from the St. Catherine’s Light in the Isle of Wight. The further progress of this movement is not easy to trace, but it apparently continued northwards, reaching Somerset on the 28th, Shropshire on the 29th and Yorkshire on May Ist. As far as can be gathered from the records of the spring of 1905 it seems probable that the Grasshopper-Warbler arrives in this country on the coasts of Dorset, Hampshire and Sussex, and that it at once disperses to its breeding-quarters throughout the country where it remains without further migratory movement. 48 CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RecorpDs. April 9. 14. 1s bo bo bo > Or bo Co po bb eS) ds Ee cop oo $I St. Catherine’s (Isle of Wight). Sussex, Dorset and Berks. Sussex and Norfolk. Sussex, Hants and Shropshire. Sussex. Norfolk. Sussex, Norfolk and Cheshire. Herts and Norfolk. Sussex, Norfolk and Durham. Dorset, Norfolk and Anglesea. Dorset (increase). | Norfolk and Hants. Hants, Durham and Norfolk. Somerset and Norfolk. Hants, Shropshire, Anglesea and Suffolk. Durham and Suffolk. Yorkshire. Denbigh. Cardigan. CC — 49 GRASSHOPPER-WARBLER. end Cn ate thus — © M = May. Dates without initial are in April). THE CHIFFCHAFF. Phylloscopus rufus (Bechst.) THERE appear to have been six marked immigrations of the Chiffchaff through our islands. The first two struck the coast between Devon and the Isle of Wight and passed on in a northerly direction; the next two, occurring along the whole of the south coast, populated the southern counties, while the last two struck the same coast, and passing on populated the north. The fist immigration reached the coast between Kings- bridge in Devon and Hayling Island in Hants on the 20th and 21st March, and these birds appear to have gone imme- diately north, mainly along the line of the Welsh border. A few, however, travelled into Wales itself, reaching Anglesea and North Wales on the 2lst and Cheshire on the 22nd. Between March 25th and 27th a second small immigra- tion occurred between Plymouth and west Hampshire, and passing north through Somerset and the Welsh border seems to have carried with it a large number of Chiffchaffs that had already arrived, so that in the first week of April there were practically only a few of these birds left in the south. An arrival of Chiffchaffs, which may be termed a rearguard of this second immigration, occurred in Dorset on March 31st, the immigrants spreading into Monmouth on April Ist and Shropshire on April 5rd. The third immigration, which was a comparatively small one, took place on the coast between Kingsbridge and the Isle of Wight on April 3rd, and these birds spread over the southern counties, replacing those that had moved away on the 27th March. The Chiffchaffs composing this immigration were evidently the nesting-birds of the 51 southern counties, and from the 6th April onwards they appear to have become settled in their breeding-quarters. The fourth immigration was much greater in extent than the previous ones, and occurred along the whole coast from Devon to Sussex on April 10th. A slight increase was noted in the southern birds after this date, but the majority of the Chiffchaffs in this movement seem to have passed northwards, following the track of the first two immigrations. The fifth immigration, which appears to have been the largest and most extensive of all, arrived along the whole of the south coast from Devon to Sussex between the 21st and 25th of April. A first wave of this move- ment struck the Devon and Hampshire coasts on the 20th and 21st, while a second and larger wave arrived in Dorset and Hampshire on the 25th, but the birds were coming in along the coast from the 20th to the 25th inclusive. They swept rapidly northwards through Wales into the Isle of Man and the northern counties of England, and this immigration seems to have supplied the resident birds of the Midlands, Wales, and the North. There is a certain amount of evidence pointing to the occurrence of another immigration in Hampshire and Sussex on May the 35rd, but at that date Chiffchaffs were so numerous throughout the country that it is not possible to trace this supposed movement with any certainty. It is worthy of note that only five individuals of this species struck the Lights, although on at least one occasion, _viz., April 9th and 10th, they were migrating at a time when the Lights proved an attraction to many other species. The Willow-Warbler, in particular, struck the Lights in great numbers on April 9th, 10th and 11th. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. March 16. Herts. 18. Berks, Sussex and Hants. 19. Cheshire. 20. Shropshire and Hants. 33 33 22 March 21. yr 22s 5 eae , 24. eee “1 Poses 5 ae pate! hee wate Sa: rau: aos April 1 bo 52 Somerset and Hants (a number). Devon, Anglesea and Denbigh. Surrey. Hants, Devon. Somerset, Cheshire, North Wales, Sussex and Surrey. Hants, Somerset, Devon, Shropshire, Cheshire, Cardigan, Denbigh, Herts, Sussex. Hants, Devon, Somerset, Shropshire, Cardigan, Sussex and Yorkshire. Devon (increase). Hants, Somerset, Cardigan, Anglesea, Sussex, Cambridge. Dorset (many). Hants, Devon, Somerset, Cheshire, Lancashire, Anglesea, Sussex, Surrey, Berks and Yorkshire. Somerset and Shropshire (increase). Dorset, Cheshire, Sussex, Berks, Cambridge. Hants, Wilts, Somerset, Berks and Herts. Dorset, Sussex, Herts, Berks and Hssex. Sussex, Hants, Wilts, Somerset, Oxford and Lincolnshire. Dorset (increase). Hants, Surrey, Herts, Oxford, Cambridge, Suffolk. Sussex, Hants, Wilts, Surrey, Oxford, Herts, Monmouth. Sussex, Hants, Wilts, Dorset, Somerset, Cornwall, Monmouth, Shropshire, Cheshire, Surrey, Berks, Herts, Suffolk, Yorkshire. After this date only differences in numbers and distri- bution are noted. April 3. sate AG: Hants, Devon, Somerset, Shropshire (increase). Durham. Surrey (increase). Staffordshire. Merioneth. Glamorgan, Hants (well distributed). Isle of Man. Sussex, Surrey, Hants, Dorset, Devon, Somerset, Shropshire and Radnor (increase). Notts. Gloucestershire (increase). Practically un- recorded from North of England. April 15. 16. Ie } 3 Or Sussex coast (slight increase). Yorkshire, Durham, Bedford (a few). Norfolk. Suffolk (increase). Anglesea. Hants coast (increase). Sussex coast and Devon (increase). Hants inland and Merioneth (increase). Berks, Surrey and Durham (increase). Hants and Dorsetcoasts(inerease). Anglesea (increase). Lancashire. Isle of Man (slight increase). Yorkshire and Cambridge (increase). Berks (decrease). Anglesea (decrease). 54. CHIFFCHAFF. Map 1. | st Immigration thus ee el 24 Immigration thus| — Spd rnnofigralid thus — | Dates without initial are in March. 5 Immigration thu ) 6 Immigration thu EE | wee thus: Ie M Dates withoutlinitial WILLOW-WARBLER. — EEE THE WILLOW-WARBLER. Phylloscopus trochilus (L.) Tue forerunners of the main body of Willow-Warblers arrived in this country between March 31st and April 8th along the south coast and spread in small numbers over the southern counties, stragglers reaching as far north as Yorkshire. A considerable party must have arrived in the west on April 5th or 6th, as a number were recorded from Somerset on the latter date, and from Radnor on the 7th. The main body of our nesting Willow-Warblers, however, arrived without doubt in one great immigration, lasting from April 9th to 14th, in an extended line along the whole of the south coast of England. This movement was evidently at its greatest height on the 10th and 11th, when vast numbers were reported from several of the south coast lights, while the land-records for these days showed an enormous influx of birds. The first records of this immigration were from Somerset and Hampshire on April 9th, while a few birds arrived in Sussex on the same day. On the following three days the birds were coming in in great numbers all along the south coast, including the south-east corner. The direction of their flight was due north, with the western wing well forward, thus forming an oblique line across the country, so that whereas the western wing had reached Radnor and Shropshire on the 10th, the eastern wing did not reach Hssex until two days later. On the 13th they had penetrated to North Wales, Cheshire, and Derbyshire; on the 16th to Lancashire and Yorkshire ; to Durham on the 19th; and to Cumberland - on the 20th. 58 The eastern wing, however, clung for some time to the south, thus Suffolk was not reached until April the 15th, the day on which the bird was recorded as numerous in Lancashire; and Cambridge, not until the 21st corres- ponding to the arrival in Westmoreland, while the birds of this movement were not recorded from Norfolk until the 22nd, two days after they had spread in numbers over the whole of the rest of England and Wales. Records, however, for further years will be necessary before this unaccountable retardation in the east can be considered as normal. It is, however, to be noted that a similar retardation in the eastern counties was observable this year in one or two other species. At the end of April and during the first week of May the records show that Willow-Warblers were again arriving on the south coast, but these migrants were apparently birds of passage, and passed rapidly northwards through the country. There is evidence of the departure of these birds from this country in at least two places, namely, the north coast of Wales in the west, and the coasts of Norfolk and Suffolk in the east. As regards the former we have direct evidence of their departure during the last week of April from the records of land-observers, and with regard to the east coast there are numerous records from the lights between April 28th and May 7th, and it is extremely unlikely that these should represent an immigration, since in the previous movements only a very few birds struck these eastern lights. These records, therefore, taken in conjunction with the facts— (i) That the birds struck these lights at a com- paratively early hour of the night ; (ii) That they were noted at these lights on the days following their arrival on the south coast ; (iii) That no corresponding increase was observable by recorders inland ; (iv) That whenever the direction of the flight was 59 noted by the lightkeepers it was stated to be in a S.W. to N. or N.E. direction ; all point to the conclusion that these eastern records are those of emigrants and not of immigrants. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. March 31. Sussex and Shropshire. April Sussex, Hants, Surrey. Surrey and Suffolk. Hants, Sussex, and Yorkshire. Devon. Sussex, Hants, Somerset, Berks, and Oxford. Somerset (increase). Devon, Hants, and Surrey. a 7. Radnor (many). Sussex, Berks, and York- shire. | 8. Sussex, Surrey, Hssex, Hants, Dorset, Pem- broke, and Yorkshire. Got Co bo ps ‘ 9. Hants and Somerset (increase). Sussex, (slight increase). Surrey, Dorset, Devon, Merioneth, Suffolk. ; » 10. Kent, Sussex, Hants, Dorset, Devon, Surrey. Radnor and Shropshire (increase). Essex, Berks, Cheshire. After this date only differences in numbers and distribu- tion are noted. April 11. Kent, Sussex, Hants, Devon (further increase). Cardigan, Staffordshire, Derbyshire, York- shire. bs 12. Kent, Sussex, Hants, Devon (further increase). Hssex (increase). Cornwall (many). Durham, Wilts, Norfolk. at 13. Berks, Cheshire, Yorkshire, Merioneth, Shropshire, Derbyshire (increase). Den- bigh, Gloucestershire, Lancs, Westmoreland, Isle of Man, Notts, and Lincs. » 14. Denbigh (increase). Anglesea. April 15. SoG; es kos f 19; 20. Pe cy“ le Ryton eee Bata? aA: ¥ 25. ¥s Par 28. May 1 to 7. 60 Cheshire, Anglesea, Staffs, Lancs, Suffolk (increase). Notts (slight increase). Cumberland and Bedford. Yorkshire (increase). | Cambridge. Westmoreland. Durham (increase). Yorkshire, Merioneth, Cumberland (increase). Westmoreland (slight increase). Cambridge (increase). 7 Norfolk (increase). Hants, Berks, and Isle of Man (increase). Dorset (increase). Berks (decrease). Anglesea (decrease). Kent and Hants lighthouses (increase). Kent, Hants, and Suffolk lights (increase). Norfolk and Suffolk lights. —_—— 61 THE WOOD-WARBLER. Phylloscopus sibilatria (Bechst.) Owine, perhaps, to its local distribution, and to the fact that it migrates in very small numbers, the Wood- Warbler has yielded such a small number of records that it is impossible to trace with any degree of satis- faction the manner of its arrival and dispersal in Great Britain in the spring of 1905. As far as the records go, it would appear that the first few arrivals struck the coast of Hampshire on April 13th, and travelling north-west reached Shropshire and Radnor on the 15th, while one was recorded from Durham on the 16th. The next immigration seems to have occurred on the south coast from Dorset to Sussex on April 16th, following which the birds spread into Surrey and Berkshire on the 17th and 23rd. The next party seems to have arrived on April 26th on the same coast as the former, and during the next few days to have spread north-westwards into Wales and due northwards through Berkshire. Yet another party appears to have arrived on May 3rd between Hampshire and Devon, and to have also taken a north-westerly route, as many were noticed in Mid-Wales on the 6th. During the first fortnight in May the records from Hampshire seem to show that this species was becoming abundant in that county, where they apparently remained. From this time onward the distribution continued unchanged, the birds having settled down in their breeding-quarters throughout the country. April 13. 15. 16. ve 22. 23. 33 bb) 62 CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcORDS. bo bo po OO I 30. or) Hampshire. Shropshire and Radnor. Sussex, Dorset and Durham. Hampshire, Shropshire, Radnor, and Merioneth. Surrey, Merioneth and Westmoreland. Berkshire. Hampshire and Shropshire. Staffordshire. Hampshire, Sussex and Surrey. Hampshire and Merioneth. Hampshire. Hampshire, Sussex, Berkshire and Northumber- land. Cardigan (several). Berkshire (slight increase). Hampshire, Cheshire and Merioneth. Berkshire (decrease). Durham (several). Somerset, Merioneth and Northumberland. Yorkshire and Merioneth. Hampshire, Somerset, Merioneth and Anglesea. Merioneth (increase). Durham (several). Sussex, Somerset and Yorkshire. Hampshire, Berkshire, Cheshire and Anglesea. Radnor (many). Merioneth (several). Hamp- shire, Surrey, Hertfordshire and Somerset. Radnor (many). Durham (several). Merioneth (sight decrease). Hampshire, Sussex, Surrey, Berkshire and Denbigh. Merioneth, Denbigh, Shropshire and Yorkshire (increase). | Radnor (decrease). Durham (several). Sussex, Surrey, Hampshire and Somerset. 63 WOOD-WARBLER. ENGLAND axp WALES English Miles Jo 40 Geographical, Miles ates without initial are in Apnil. 1 64. REED-WARBLER. 65 THE REED-WARBLER. Acrocephalus streperus (Vieill.) Ir is as difficult in this species, as in the Wood-Warbler, to draw any conclusions as to its method of arrival and dispersal. Its distribution in England is so local that it was hardly recorded until after it had reached its breeding- quarters. A few were recorded from Cambridge and Norfolk in the last half of April, but there is no evidence to show how these birds arrived. The next arrivals are recorded from the southern counties, Berkshire, Hampshire and Somerset, on April 30th and May 3rd. It is possible that some of these latter passed on northwards, as we get records from Cheshire on May 5th, while the birds recorded from Kent on the 7th “in full song” probably arrived also about the same time. On May 10th there seems to have been an increase in the numbers of birds in Suffolk, and on the 12th in Shropshire, but there is no indication as to how these extra numbers came; those recorded from Lancashire on the 10th, however, probably formed part of the same movement. The Kent, Suffolk and Shropshire birds may indicate an arrival in the south-east and a movement in a north- westerly direction, but the records are so few that it is impossible to make more than a suggestion. By May 14th the Reed-Warbler seems to have settled down in its breeding-quarters in Sussex, and by the 22nd in the northern half of the area of its distribution. 66 CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcORDS. April 15. Cambridge. » 22and 24. Norfolk. » 25. Norfolk. , 30. Hampshire. May 3. Berkshire and Somerset. Cheshire (several). Kent (many). J v93.0 Suatolle: | , 10. Suffolk. ,, Ll. Shropshire. | ,, 12. Shropshire (several). , 14. Shropshire, Somerset and Sussex (sevorat : ,, 15. Shropshire (many). | 5. GdGo. ossex (many). Lancashire. 3 O19: Surrey: ise 2.-) Nortollz. » 24. Norfolk. 67 THE SHDGH-WARBLER. Acrocephalus phragmiiis (Bechst.) Like a good many other species, the Sedge-Warbler appears to migrate in small parties, and by the nature of its habits the bird may easily be overlooked for a day or two after its arrival. In consequence, it has been a difficult task to obtain from the records received a good idea of the way by which the species arrives in this country and disperses through it. The first arrivals appear to have come to land in Devon and Hampshire on April 11th and 12th, and thence to have spread north into Berkshire (11th), Somerset (18th), Bedford (15th), Staffordshire and Cheshire (16th), and Anglesea (18th). The next distinct immigration was noted further to the eastward in Sussex, firstly on April 20th, when a few birds were recorded, and more markedly on the following day, when a considerable number were observed. As a result of this immigration, the Sedge-Warbler spread into Norfolk in considerable numbers on April 21st, and was recorded from Kent and Hssex on the 22nd, Surrey on the 24th, while it had reached Yorkshire by the 26th and Durham by May Ist. On April 27th and 28th an immigration was noted on the Hampshire coast. These birds appear to have spread inland into Dorset and Hampshire, while some seem to have taken a north-westerly route, as the species is recorded from Lancashire on April 30th and from Shrop- shire on May Ist, while an increase is noticeable in Anglesea on May 2nd. A further arrival seems to have taken place in Hamp- 68 SEDGE-WARBLER. se ENGLAND ann WALES | patie Miles 5e Earp ea Mies ley Immigration thus - 2-4 Immigration thus - 3™ Immigration thus .- | qth Immigration thus. - 5% Immigrat® thus. AI | . M= May. 54 |Dates without initial are in Ana 69 shire on May 2nd and 38rd, and this was followed by a noticeable increase in Wales and Cheshire on the following days. From May 7th to 14th, Sedge-Warblers were recorded as arriving on the south coast from Dorset to Kent. Whether these birds spread into the north of England through Hertfordshire and Hssex, or whether they passed out of the country by the east coast, it is not easy to say. There is evidence from the Suffolk and Norfolk lights that birds were passing up the east coast from May 7th to 12th, and this, together with the varying numbers recorded in Essex, and the increase in Yorkshire on May 14th, may indicate that these birds spread into the northern parts of England, and probably also into Scotland. The last immigration of this species was noticed only at the light-stations on the Hampshire and Kent coasts on May 24th and 25th, but there is no evidence to show whither these birds were travelling. Our resident Sedge- Warblers had by that time settled down in their breeding- quarters, and no fluctuations in their numbers were noticed by our recorders. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE ReEcOoRDS. April 4. Norfolk. >» Ll. Berkshire. » 12. Devon, Hampshire, Suffolk. ,, 13. Somerset and Hampshire. los bedkond: » 16. Wiltshire, Staffordshire and Cheshire. », 17. Cheshire (slight increase). Sussex. » 18. Cheshire, Hampshire and Anglesea. », 19. Cheshire and Anglesea. », 20. Sussex (slight increase). Hampshire and Anglesea. », 21. Sussex (increase). Norfolk (many). Hampshire, Berkshire and Anglesea. » 22.- Kent, Hampshire, Essex and Anglesea. » 23. Devon, Berkshire and Anglesea. 70 Only differences in numbers and distribution are noted after this date. April 24. 26. 27. 28. 24. Surrey. Yorkshire. Hampshire lights (several). Hampshire lights (further increase). Dorset (several). Suffolk. Lancashire. Durham and Shropshire. Hampshire and Anglesea (slight increase). Hampshire (increase). Hssex (slight increase). Merioneth. Anglesea (increase). Cheshire (slight increase). Denbigh. — Kent (many). Sussex and Dorset lights. Hampshire, Sussex, Kent and Suffolk lights. Shropshire (usual numbers). Hertfordshire (increase). Lincoln, Hssex (increase). Isle of Man. Hampshire and Suffolk lights. Essex (decrease). Sussex Coast (increase). | Yorkshire (increase). Isle of Man (increase). Hampshire and Kent lights. gt THE YELLOW WAGTAIL. Motacilla raw (Bp.) _ THE immiegrations of the Yellow Wagtail seem to be carried on mainly in small parties in company with other species, and these birds are often seen arriving on the Sussex coast in this manner. Arrivals in large flocks, however, do undoubtedly occasionally occur, as for example the one recorded from Somerset on April the 11th, and others in previous years on the south coast. The Yellow Waetail seems also to be a bird which soon settles down to its breeding-quarters, hence it follows that the numbers recorded from any given place are generally small, and the inland migratory movements are not easy to trace. It is clear from this year’s records that the bulk of this species arrived mainly, if not altogether, on the south-east corner of England, and spread thence north and north- west. Should this method of arrival and dispersal be substantiated by future observation it will be necessary to explain why a bird, whose winter range lies almost entirely to,the west of the meridian of Greenwich, being especially common in West Africa in winter and in Spain on passage, should, apparently, enter England at its south-eastern corner. Some of the records, however, point to the pro- bability that on further investigation this species may be found to enter the country along the whole extent of the south coast. With the exception of two early stragglers recorded from Hssex and Norfolk on March 19th and 23rd, the first - Yellow Wagtails arrived on the east coast of Sussex, near . Hastings, between March 30th and April 8th. They appear to have been in small parties accompanied by other 4 YELLOW WAGTAIL. ENGLAND 79 birds, such as Meadow-Pipits and Wheatears. They gradually passed west and north-west through Surrey and Suffolk, reaching Mid-Wales and Cheshire on the 3rd and 4th April, Derbyshire and Lancashire by the 8th, and Yorkshire on the 9th. A fresh immigration took place on April 11th on the east coast of Sussex from which this species had been absent during the three previous days. These immigrants arrived apparently over a wider area and spreading out reached Suffolk, Essex and Stafford on the 13th, Westmoreland on the 17th, and Cumberland on the 21st. On the same day (April 11th) a large flock was recorded from Minehead in Somerset, which consisted, doubtless, of arrivals from the south, and these seem to be the birds which were recorded from Wiltshire on the 16th, and Mid-Wales on the 19th; the last-mentioned record, on the other hand, may have been an extension of range of the birds which reached Cheshire and Staffordshire during the previous movements. On April 23rd and 24th there was again an increase in east Sussex, and the birds forming this movement followed the same general direction as former arrivals, and were noticed in Hampshire, Staffordshire and Lancashire. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE ReEcoRDS. March 19. Hssex. ae 23. Norfolk. >» 20. Hssex. >» 90. Sussex. April 2. Sussex. a 3. Sussex, Surrey, Suffolk and Radnor. af 4. Cheshire. ” 5. Sussex, Derby. 55 6. Sussex, Lancashire. 8. Sussex, Hants. 3 9. Hants, Cheshire, Yorkshire. 0. Derby (many). Lancashire and Cambridge. Neo < jt April ~ 141; 12. 13. 15. 16. 17. 10; 20. 21. 23. 24. 29. 9 ov. 74 Somerset (many). Gloucestershire, Cheshire, Yorks, Sussex, Outer Dowsing (Lincolnshire). Gloucestershire, Hants, Cheshire, Sussex. Essex, Staffordshire, Yorkshire, Nottingham- shire, Suffolk, Sussex, Hants. Cheshire and Lancashire (slight increase). Lincoln, Devon. Sussex coast (increase). Wiltshire. Westmoreland, Derby. Merioneth, Cheshire (further slight increase). Yorkshire (increase). Kent (increase). Norfolk (many). Cumber- land. Sussex (increase). Durham. Staffordshire and Hants (many). Lancashire (many). 75 THE TREE-PIPIT. Anthus trivialis (L.) Tue records for the Tree-Pipit show that the bird arrived in small numbers on the Sussex and Hampshire coasts throughout April. The first arrivals travelled quickly after reaching the coast and scattered throughout the country, their places being filled in the south-east by the new comers. The whole trend of the movement was evidently from the south-east to the north, north-west and west, the movements extending up the west and east sides of Great Britain fairly simultaneously, but reaching the extreme north rather earlier than the extreme south-west. There is no evidence of any migration of the Tree-Pipit through this country to the more northern parts of Hurope, and as our birds appear to arrive from the south-east this is rather what might have been expected. CHRONOLOGICAL SuMMARY OF RECORDS. April 1&5. Surrey. > 8. Sussex, Hampshire and Surrey. » 10. Sussex and Hampshire (increase). Shropshire (two parties migrating). », 11. Hampshire coast. | », 12. Cheshire and Cardigan. Po loa Sussex (decrease). Kent, Hssex, Staffordshire and Merioneth. ,» 14. Surrey, Hertfordshire and Radnor. , 15. Gloucester, Yorkshire and Westmoreland. » 16. Bedford, Nottingham and Cambridge. » 17. Somerset (abundant after this date). 5 20. Denbigh and Suffolk. April 21. Devon. », 21 to 29. Merioneth (gradual increase). » 24, Suffolk (increase). Durham and Northumber- land. Dorset coast. Hampshire coast. Radnor, Shropshire and Cambridge (many). Lancashire. Cheshire (slight increase). Yorkshire (increase). Hampshire, Somerset, Shropshire, Radnor, Merioneth and Suffolk (usual numbers). bo bo (Go) Sap ery (re 1 ioe) SS) a TREEH-PIPIT. 78 RED-BACKED SHRIKE. | 1 = = ~ t SAE —+— j i ‘ f 1 ! | i Sah ete) ENGLAND anv WALES 2 Only the first appearance in each | locality 15 noted in the Map 1 i Alt the dates are in May THE RED-BACKED SHRIKE. Lanius collurio L. From the data to hand it would appear that the Red- backed Shrike while on migration travels generally singly and sometimes in couples. It arrived along the southern and south-eastern coasts from Hampshire to Kent, and was first recorded on the 4th of May. It continued apparently to come in during the next fortnight, or possibly longer, gradually spreading west and north, Somerset being reached on the 8th, Wales on the 10th, until, by the end of the third week, it was occupying the greater part of its breeding area. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. May 4. Hants, Somerset. iG.) SUSSEX. » ¢ Hants, Sussex. » 8. Sussex, Somerset, Suffolk, Kent. i On SUSSEX. 5, 10. Merioneth. » Ll. Sussex, Herts, Kent. » 12. Somerset, Sussex, Suffolk. , 13. Somerset, Hants, Surrey. ,, 14. Hants, Sussex, Kent, Suffolk. >» 15. Sussex, Essex, Somerset. » 16. Sussex, Hants, Merioneth. pot i/o UISSexe. » 18. Kent, Essex. » 19. Sussex, Salop. : » 20. Surrey, Sussex, Hants, Merioneth, Derby, Salop. » 21. Hants, Sussex, Surrey, Salop. 80 Salop, Hants, Dorset, Sussex. Suffolk, Salop, Surrey. Salop, Sussex. Sussex. Salop, Cambridge, Surrey. Suffolk, Sussex. Suffolk. Sussex, Merioneth, Herts. Suffolk, Sussex, Herts. 81 THE SPOTTED FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa grisola L. Tue first thing to be noticed in this species is the very early date of the first records, April 16th to 26th, when this bird occurred in such widely separated localities as Suffolk, Shropshire, Nottingham, Mid-Wales and the Isle of Man. ‘These were probably birds which had been carried forward in the stream of other migrants. Up till May 9th there were no records east of 1° west longitude, with the exception of the early Suffolk bird; and so, though the records are very few and scattered west of this line, it seems fair to assume that somewhere about May 3rd there was a small immigration of this species, which spread up the counties near the Welsh border, reaching Lancashire on the 4th and 6th. On May 9th and 10th the birds seem to have been arriving in small numbers along the south coast from Devon to Kent, but the records are so few that it is impossible to indicate any particular place as a point of arrival. After May 12th there were no further records from the south, west of east Somerset, and the species was still absent from the east, north of Essex; but after the 16th the records in Hampshire, Sussex and Kent show a slight increase, and from the 22nd to the 26th the later arrivals seem to have spread up the east coast as far as Scarborough (Yorkshire). It seems, therefore, that the first immigration took place in the south-west during the first and second weeks in May, and the second in the south-east about May 16th, and that the latter immigration furnished the breeding- birds for the whole east side of the country. 82 CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcORDS. April 16. Suffolk. 5, 18. - Radnor. , 19. Merioneth. » 22. Nottingham. », 23. Shropshire. 2 Isle of Man. YE ama May Durham and Hampshire. - Somersetshire. a Durham and Westmoreland. Shropshire. Lancashire and Staffordshire. Hampshire, Durham and Lancashire. Yorkshire and Durham. Coon HS Ok COE SD ,» 9. Wiltshire and Somerset. » 10. Surrey and Kent. >» 11. Somerset. ; 12. Sussex, Hampshire, Berkshire, Somerset, Shrop- shire and Merioneth. » 18 and 14. Berkshire, Suffolk and Yorkshire. ;» 15. Berkshire, Hampshire, Wiltshire, Radnor and Suffolk. ,, 16. Berkshire (slight increase). Durham (several). Cheshire, Suffolk, Anglesea and Sussex. ,, 17. Berkshire (several). ,» 18. Suffolk, Essex, Hampshire, and Anglesea. , 19. Hampshire (increase). Hssex and Sussex. ,, 20. Hampshire, Kent, Shropshire and Merioneth. ,, 21. Hampshire, Sussex, Kent, Surrey, Suffolk and Lancashire. ., 22. Dorset, Suffolk and Durham (usual numbers). , 24. Somerset (usual numbers). SPOTTED FLYCATCHER. 4 Te Rees Vik. ee eee eT) 7 ee = == ENGLAND anv WALES English, Miles wo 2 go 4 60 2°4 Immigration thus - ® 3" |mmigration thus - All the dates are in May. THE SWALLOW. Hirundo rustica L. As might be expected of such a conspicuous and easily observed bird as the Swallow, a very large number of records from all parts of the country have been received, so that its immigrations and various movements through the country are well recorded and may be traced with fair accuracy. This species was actually migrating to or through England during the whole of April and May, but our resident birds appear to have settled themselves in their breeding-quarters by the end of April, the later arrivals being on their way to the north. Its immigrations, as a rule, were carried on in immense flocks, which, travelling with a front extending from Devon to Sussex, kept on arriving, sometimes for two or three days in succession. These large immigrations were, however, always heralded and followed by many stragglers travelling in small parties. All these flights appear to have been travelling in the same direction, viz., north, with a shght trend to the east, so that we find the western wing invariably striking the coast of Devon slightly before the eastern limit reached the coast of Sussex. During April five distinct immigrations are clearly traceable, the largest movements being noted between the 17th and 22nd and again on the 25th and 26th. During May, although considerable movements were still in progress, they were less in extent, and owing to the mass of birds then in the country it is impossible to trace them with any degree of certainty. 85 Neglecting the first scattered arrivals, which were noted during the last week of March, we find the Swallow fst arriving in numbers on the coast of Dorset on April Ist and again at Kingsbridge in Devon on the 4th. These flocks soon split up and made their way northwards through Somerset into Wales, and even as far as Lancashire, while some spread eastwards through Essex and Norfolk. On April 7th a number again passed through Devon and followed the lines of the former arrivals, passing still _ further into Wales, while the eastern wine arrived in Sussex and Surrey on the 8th and 9th. The second immigration of note was recorded from various points in Somerset on April 11th, and the fact that the numbers in Devon on that day were small shows that these birds must have passed over quickly, possibly in the early morning, into Somerset. The route of this migration is clearly traceable through Wales and the neighbouring counties of England, some of the flock reaching Monmouth and Staffordshire on April 13th, Radnorshire on the 14th, and Anglesea on the 15th. These evidently passed on as the numbers at each place specified fell on the following day. The occurrence of the third immigration was shown by the appearance of large numbers in Devon on the 14th and 15th April, and on the Sussex coast a day later. Both wings of this movement can also be clearly traced as they moved north. The western wing followed the route of the previous ones, while the eastern wing passed through Surrey, Berks and Herts to Essex and Norfolk. By the 19th the earlier arrivals had reached Durham, Westmore- land and Cumberland. In the fourth immigration, which lasted from the 17th to the 20th of April, the birds were apparently travelling along a front which extended from Devon to Sussex. Those individuals that, after striking in Devon, formed the western wing of this movement, followed the track of the former immigrants, and some of them could be traced through Wales to the Isle of Man, which was reached on the 27th April, doubtless on their way to Scotland. Those birds which arrived in Hampshire at this time appear to 86 have spread themselves over that and the adjacent counties, and it is possible that they formed the breeding- stock of that district. The eastern wing struck the coast of Sussex between the 19th and 22nd April, and can be clearly traced as passing through Berkshire and Surrey to Hssex, Cam- bridge, Norfolk, and as far as Yorkshire. These counties probably thus received their resident birds. In numbers and extent the fifth immigration, which took place on the 25th and 26th April, was practically a replica of the preceding one. The main body of the western wing, however, instead of leaving the country on the north coast of Wales, appears to have had its centre further to the east, and to have passed through Cheshire into Lancashire and the north, its extreme western edge alone leaving the country. The eastern wing following the same course as before is traceable as far as Yorkshire, which was reached on the 29th April. Swallows continued to arrive both in Devon and in Sussex in smaller numbers during the first three weeks in May, and they appear to have taken much the same routes as former arrivals, but the number of summer residents then in the country renders it impossible to trace satisfactorily the movements within our limits of these later arrivals. There seems little doubt, however, that Swallows passed right through the country both by the clearly defined north-western and, more markedly, by the rather ill- defined north-eastern route throughout the whole of May. We have been obliged, however, to consider these migrants as outside the scope of our enquiry for this year, as it would be useless to attempt to determine their routes without reference to records from stations outside England and Wales.* * Since writing the above we have consulted Mr. W. Eagle Clarke’s paper on the Migrations of the Swallow (4th Interim Report of the Comm. app. by the B.A., 1901, pp. 9and 10). By reason of our large number of inland observers we have been able to trace in greater detail the spring- immigration of the Swallow in England and Wales, but as far as the general facts elicited are concerned they coincide (in a remarkable way) with Mr. Clarke’s observations on the “ Spring Immigration of Summer-Visitants.”’ 87 CuHRoNnoLocGicaL Summary or THE Recorps. First records of one or two birds except where mentioned. March 21. Devon. » 20. Lancashire. 28.) Devon: >» ol. Dorset and Essex. April 1. Dorset (many). Hants. 2. Isle of Wight and Norfolk. i 3. Devon, Wilts and Radnor. 4. Devon (many). Hants, Hssex, Lanes., Somer- set and Glamorgan (1st records). +s 5. Devon (decrease). Somerset, Hants and Hssex. Shropshire, Sussex and Derbyshire (Ist records). a 6. Somerset, Hants and Essex. At 7. Devon (a number). Dorset and Hants. Car- narvon and Pembroke (1st records). Ae 8. Devon (decrease). Hants and Sussex (shieht increase). Hssex and Derbyshire. a 9. Somerset and Hants (slight increase). Surrey and Sussex (a number). Cheshire and Berks (1st records). After this date, only differences in numbers and distri- bution are noted. April 10. Somerset, Hants, and Surrey (decrease). Sussex (further increase). Derbyshire (many). Shropshire, Cambridge, and Lincolnshire (1st records). » 11. Somerset (large increase). Sussex (decrease). Merioneth and Yorkshire (1st records). s 12. Somerset (decrease). Cardigan (many). a 13. Hants and Yorkshire (slight increase). Glamorgan (many). Staffordshire (many, Istrecord). Bedford, Anglesea and Herts (1st records). » 14. Devon (many). Anglesea (slight increase). Radnor (many, Ist record). Isle of Man (Ist record). April 18. 19. 25. 88 Devon, Monmouth, Anglesea, Shropshire and Sussex (many). Lincolnshire, and York- shire (additional records). Nottingham and Suffolk (1st records). Somerset and Herts (many). Surrey, Berkshire and Anglesea (slight decrease). Norfolk. Devon, Hants, and Anglesea (great increase). Wiltshire, Shropshire and Essex (slight increase). Somerset and Sussex (decrease). Norfolk (additional record). | Durham (1st record). . Mid-Wales and Berkshire (slight increase). Hants and Anglesea (slight decrease). Devon (still many.) | Mid-Wales, Sussex and Essex (large increase). Shropshire (de- crease). Hants (increase). Westmoreland and Cum- berland (Ist records). Devon and Mid-Wales (decrease). Hants (still many, but more scattered). Surrey (decrease). Berkshire (slight increase). Norfolk (large increase). Devon and Mid-Wales (further decrease). Hants (decrease). Sussex (increase). Cambridge (many). Shropshire, Mid-Wales, Surrey and Yorks (great increase). Hants (decrease). Essex (many since 19th now gone). Dorset (many). Mid-Wales and Sussex (decrease). Lancashire (increase). Anglesea (still many). Anglesea (nearly all gone). Somerset, Sussex and Surrey (large increase). Mid-Wales and Hants (increase). Somerset, Dorset and Surrey (decrease). Hants, Mid-Wales and Anglesea (large increase). Surrey (slight increase). Sussex (decrease). April 29. 3&4. 89 Mid - Wales and Anglesea (decrease). Cheshire, Norfolk and Yorks (slight in- crease). Cambridge and Suffolk (great increase). Hampshire and Cambridge (decrease). Surrey and Lancashire (increase). Notts (inerease). Somerset, Shropshire, Radnor, Merioneth, Surrey, Essex, Cam- bridge and Yorks (large numbers). Somerset, Shropshire, Mid-Wales and Essex (decrease). Hants, Anglesea, Warwick, Berks and Sussex (many). Mid-Wales (increase). Mid-Wales (decrease). Hants and Lancashire (increase). Devon and Sussex (increase). Anglesea (decrease). 90 SWALLOW. Map 1. ENGLAND axv WALES oil SWALLOW. Map 2. 1 oO aT = ENGLAND | axp WALES English Miles | amen TON Ao RESO er , 24. Somerset. » 27. Isle of Wight. May 5and9. Lancashire. >, 11. Lancashire and Merioneth. =o Lo: Hants: » 16. Glamorgan, Dorset, Anglesea and Lancashire. » 17. Sussex, Somerset, Surrey and Merioneth. 18. 1B 20. 21. 22. 108 Mid-Wales, Somerset, Hants, Surrey and Cheshire. Yorkshire (many). | Hants, Somerset, Shrop- shire and Sussex. Hants, Shropshire and Sussex. Hants and Shropshire. Shropshire (many). Anglesea, Somerset, North Wales and Sussex. 109 THE WRYNECK. Tyne torquilla L. THE immigrations of this species so far as 1905 is con- cerned seem to be very simple. The bird arrived mainly on the coasts of Kent and Sussex and thence spread westward, but there is evidence that some of the later individuals arrived in Hampshire and Dorset. The earliest record is from Hertfordshire on the 20th of March, and during the next three weeks the bird was evidently arriving in small numbers in the south-eastern counties. Thence it spread northward to Essex and Suffolk and westward as far as Somerset, so that by April 10th it had reached Bedford, and by the 14th Huntingdon and Somerset. It was not until the 17th April that it was noticed in any numbers, but on that day it occurred numerously in Kent, Berks and Somerset. On the 2lst many were again recorded from Somerset, Sussex and Herts, and from this date onwards its distribution in the southern counties appears to have been fairly even. Conclusive evidence is lacking as to how the large batches, recorded in Somerset from time to time, arrived, but it seems probable that these birds came in through Hampshire and Hast Dorset. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcoRDS. From March 20th to April 16th the records are of very small numbers. From April 17th onwards the numbers are larger. March 20. Herts. 21. Sussex. 3) 110 WRYNECK. ENGLAND arp WALES general direction taken immigrants. © ittustratés the — ime-table and the Ber by the March 27. 29. ie 33 April ad Surrey, Kent and Suffolk. Essex. Hants and Kent (slight increase). Somerset and Suffolk (slight increase). Pembrokeshire. Sussex (increase). Hants (increase). Bedford. Berkshire and Dorset. Somerset (increase). Hants. Gloucestershire and Sussex (increase). Suffolk, Surrey, Bucks and Somerset (increase). Norfolk and Kent. Somerset and Surrey (further increase). Herts. Shropshire. 112 CUCKOO. + | ae re — uF be a | ENGLAND axp WALES ist Arrival end Immigr tion “ee Ny 3n Immigration thus us-P—- “@ | { Ee 4% Immigration thus :— > | M=Ma Dates withou initia! | |__are_in tat 7 PEE CW CIROO: Ouculus canorus Li. THe immigrations of this species began like those of many other birds, by the arrival of stragglers, the first of which reached this country on April Ist. For the first fortnight in April single birds continued to arrive and remained for the most part in the south- eastern counties, which evidently formed their point of entry. On April 15th and 16th a considerable immigration occurred along the coasts of Kent, Sussex and Hampshire, and these spreading westwards during the following week, seem to have formed the breeding-stock of the southern counties, while only a very few travelled north of a line from Bristol to London. On April 24th a very considerable number was noticed in Suffolk and Norfolk, but as to where they first arrived from oversea we have no evidence. They appear to have spread rapidly over the country westward and northward. On April 29th, and again on May 3rd, immierations took place in Sussex, and from this poimt the Cuckoos spread out over the country, a gradual increase in their numbers being observable throughout England and Wales. On May 7th a similar arrival and dispersal took place, and by the 8th the bird was recorded universally as being in its usual numbers, no further movements being noted. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. From April Ist to 14th the records refer chiefly to single birds. April 1. Sussex and Surrey. » 9, Sussex and Hampshire. April 10. it 21. wy) a 114 Sussex (slight increase). Surrey, Wiltshire and Cambridge. Hssex, Berkshire, Surrey, Hampshire, Dorset and Staffordshire. Sussex, Surrey, Hampshire, Somerset, Shrop- shire, Berkshire and Norfolk. Sussex, Hampshire, Devon, Surrey, Berkshire, Hertfordshire and Suffolk. Kent, Sussex, Surrey, Hampshire, Suffolk, Norfolk and Yorkshire. Sussex (increase). Hampshire (slight increase). Kent (slight increase). Monmouth. Cheshire. Cumberland. Somerset (slight increase). Suffolk, Norfolk and Berkshire (increase). Durham and Merioneth. Norfolk (decrease). Northumberland. Sussex (increase). Anglesea and Isle of Man. Radnor, Shropshire, Surrey, Cambridge and Yorkshire (increase). Durham (slight increase). Sussex, Hampshire and Anglesea (increase). Glamorgan. Sussex (decrease). Merioneth and Lancashire (increase). Kent and Sussex (increase). 115 THE TURTLE-DOVE. Turtur communis Selby. Durine the last week of April the Turtle-Dove was recorded as arriving singly along the whole of the south coast, but principally in Sussex and Hampshire. These early arrivals were supplemented during the whole of May by numerous small immigrations, but there seems to have been no large general movement. The first of these small immigrations struck the Sussex coast on May 2nd and passed rapidly on into Surrey, North Hants and Berkshire, while subsequent arrivals on the Sussex coast during the following week appear to have increased the numbers in these counties, and to have spread in some numbers into Essex. Up till the 8th of May the range of the Turtle-Dove was practically restricted to the south-eastern quarter of England, but after this date it became gradually distributed throughout the west and north. During the latter half of the month small supplementary immigrations took place on the south coast between Hastings and Hayling Island; of those arriving at Hayling Island on the 27th some passed on and were noted in Surrey on the following day. An extension westwards of the range of the bird occurred on and after May 8th. There were no corres- ponding records of arrivals on the coast, but it seems probable that an immigration did occur on the south-east coast at about that time, and thence spread westwards. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE ReEcorDs. April 16. Kent. » 20. Sussex. 116 April 26. Dorset. », 28. Cheshire. , 29. Berks and Hants. , 30. Berks, Suffolk and Surrey. May 1. Surrey, Berks and Hants. ) 5 Surrey, Sussex (slight increase). Hants. ,» 3 Berks (slight increase). Surrey, Hants. Dorset, Somerset and Cheshire. , 6. Surrey, Hants and Berks (increase). Wilts and Merioneth. fon Yorkshire. ¥ 9, Sussex (increase). Shropshire and Lincoln. ,, 10. Essex (many). , ll. Essex (decrease). ,, 13. Sussex (increase). , 14. Surrey (increase). Sussex (decrease). , 15. Somerset (many). ,, 18. Essex (increase). , 19. Sussex (many). Hampshire (increase). Lancashire. Shropshire (many). Hants (decrease). Hants (many). Surrey (many). = = bore —~J bo bo DO bh bl wk o0) IL, TURTLH-DOVE. @ \ Dates thou ‘iti I”A are in April | | ey | . 118 LAND-RAIL. 2 1 oO a ee a { = if a ENGLAND axpj WALES 7006 D0 si wo w 30 0 60 1st ova thus = 2-4 Immigration thug — M = May. ens without! initial are 119 THE LAND-RAIL. Crex pratensis Bechst. Or this species we have very few records from the coast, and the exact points at which the birds entered the country are not therefore very clear, but it is manifest that their entry was made somewhere along the western half of the south coast. The earliest records point to a small immigration in the south-west between the 15th and 22nd of April, and these birds passed north reaching Lancashire on the 19th, and Durham on the 24th. On this latter date a fresh immigration took place, the birds increasing in Somerset and also apparently arriving in Hampshire, and, as before, these new arrivals spread gradually northwards through Wales and the Welsh border counties, reaching Anglesea on April 26th, Yorkshire on the 27th, and Northumberland on the 28th. Subsequent to this immigration, the records point to a small movement through Shropshire and Anglesea to the Isle of Man, where a straggler was recorded on May Ist, and where the bird began to be common a week later. It seems an undoubted fact that during this year this Species was scarce in the eastern and south-eastern counties. They did not become established in full numbers in the north-east until after the 16th of May, the birds apparently coming entirely from the west. Although there is not sufficient evidence to show whence the eastern counties received their birds, the dates (Lincoln, May 11th, Cambridge, May 26th) seem to indicate that they came from the west. The few birds recorded from the south-eastern counties as having reached there earlier than the above dates were possibly stragglers from the south-west. 120 There was apparently this year no arrival of this species on the south-eastern coasts, but whether this is usually the case is at present unknown. April 15. 1%; 19. 20. 22. 24., CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. Cheshire. Norfolk and Somerset. Lancashire. Lancashire. Lancashire. Somerset (few). Durham, Isle of Wight and Hants. Anglesea, Salop, Monmouth and Somerset. Durham, Monmouth, Yorkshire and Somerset. Staffordshire, Northumberland, Wilts, Mon- mouth and Somerset. Cheshire, Monmouth and Somerset. Salop (many). Anglesea, Durham and Somerset. Salop (many). Isle of Man, Lancashire, Yorkshire, Somerset, Durham and Anglesea. Yorkshire and Anglesea (sight increase). Wilts, Yorkshire, Berks and Anglesea. Anglesea (further increase). Lancashire, Hants, Cheshire and Anglesea. Sussex and Berks. Yorkshire (increase). and 13. Lincoln. Sussex. Anglesea (many). Sussex and Lincoln. Isle of Man (slight increase). Cambridgeshire. a — THE COMMON SANDPIPER. Totanus hypoleucus (.) As was to be expected, from its distribution as a breeding- bird in this country, the Common Sandpiper appeared first in the west of England and in Wales, and it was not until some weeks afterwards that it occurred as a bird of passage in the south-east of England. It appears also to migrate either singly or in pairs. Settine aside the particularly early records in Northum- berland, the first birds arrived from April 8th to 12th, along the coasts of Devon and Dorset, and spread in small numbers over the greater part of Wales and the west of England, as far north as Lancashire and West Yorkshire ; so that by April 16th the bird had reached its breeding area up to this point, while on April 17th it was recorded © from Cumberland, and had reached the extreme north-west of Wales. On April 20th an immigration occurred in Devon, and although some of these birds increased the summer residents of Wales and the north-west of England, many passed through Anglesea and Lancashire, which they reached in some numbers on April 24th and 25th, on their way northwards. After this date, and up to May 6th, further movements occurred through Wales and northwards through the Isle of Man, but these migrants were not noted on any of the south-western coasts. On April 26th the first migrants were recorded for Sussex, and these birds appear to have passed quickly through the south-eastern corner of England, and out of the country by the Suffolk and Norfolk coasts. On May 4th, and again on the 9th and 18th, similar 122 movements occurred of birds of passage through the south-east of England. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. March 25. Northumberland. April 3. Northumberland. 55 8. Devon and Shropshire. i 9. Cheshire and Yorkshire. a 10. Merioneth. Dorset lights. zs 11. Glamorgan and Yorkshire. ,, 12. Devon, Hampshire, Lincoln and Yorkshire. 2 13. Gloucestershire, Shropshire, Radnor, Merioneth and Lancashire. 3 14. Lancashire (slight increase). 4 15. Shropshire, Cheshire and Lancashire. » 16. Radnor (slight increase). Lancashire. » 7. Anglesea and Cumberland. 5 18. Merioneth (increase). Radnor (decrease). » 20. Somerset and Devon (increase). i dee MULTE, Ba 24. Lancashire (increase). ,» 25. Anglesea (increase). Lancashire (decrease). » 26. Anglesea (decrease). Yorkshire (increase). Sussex and Suffolk. » 2¢. Lancashire (increase). Norfolk. Suffolk lights. pe 2. Asle of: Mam: May 1. Shropshire (increase). a 2. Anglesea (increase). ss 3. Isle of Man (increase). a 4. Radnor (increase). Sussex and Hssex. x 6. Radnor (decrease). oe 9. Sussex. a 10. Essex. ; 2 18. Sussex, Essex and Suffolk. 125 COMMON SANDPIPER. a ENGLAND axp WALES. Immigration thus, :- 2nd [mmiyration thus|:- 3r4 |mmigration thug - 4th Im ° igration thus:- ign te = migration thus: 3 M = May. UNSCHEDULED BIRDS, SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. THE FIELDFARE (Turdus pilaris). March 20th, Essex. March 22nd, Yorks. April 11th, Wilts, 20 flying east. Salop. April 14th to 22nd, Wilts and Somerset. April 16th, Staffs. April 17th, Salop and Anglesea. April 28rd and 24th, Norfolk. April 24th, Herts. April 26th, Inner Dowsing Lt. (Lines). April 27th, Salop. April 28th and May Ist and 4th, Wilts. May 6th, Yorks. THE REDWING (Turdus iliacus). March 26th, Kentish Knock Lt. (Essex). April 23rd, Long Sand Lt. (Kent). THE BLACK REDSTART (futicilla titys). April 14th, Inner Dowsing Lt. (Lines). THE WHITE WAGTAIL (WMotacilla alba). April 14th to 24th, Anglesea. Gradually increasing during the week, numbering 50 or 60 on 24th. April 17th, Merioneth, 9. April 18th, Merioneth, 50. Gradual fall to 6 on the 25th, which apparently stayed on. April 24th, Yorkshire. April 25th, Anglesea, a few. April 26th, Anglesea, 1 or 2. After this date they were absent until May Ist. April 27th, 28th and 30th, Somerset, 1. April 29th and 30th, Somerset. Gradual decrease, disappearing by May Ist. May Ist, Anglesea, 20 or 30. May 2nd, Anglesea, 50 or 60. May 4th and Sth, Anglesea, few. May 6th, Anglesea, slight increase. May 8th to 31st, Anglesea, Mats 125 several, but gradually decreasing. May 6th, Wilts, 1. May 9th, Sussex, 1. May 14th, Radnorshire, 1. It is evident from the above records that the White Wagtail passes up the coast of Wales in considerable numbers during the latter half of April and the first half of May, and this coincides with Mr. Eagle Clarke’s observations. (Cf. B.A. 8rd Interim Report, 1900.) THE GREAT GREY SHRIKE (Lanius excubitor). April 17th, Newarp Lt. (Hssex) 1. THE PIED FLYCATCHER (Muscicapa atricapilla). April 21st, Merioneth. April 22nd and 23rd, Cumberland. April 24th, Salop. April 26th, Westmoreland. April 29th, Sussex and Northumberland. May 2nd, Somerset. Northumber- land, in pairs. After this date it was resident. May 4th, Cardigan resident. May 6th, Merioneth, resident. May ‘th, Radnor. May 8th, Durham resident. May 9th, Somerset. May 10th, Westmoreland. May 12th, Suffolk. THE GREENFINCH (Ligurinus chloris). April 1st, Shipwash Lt. (Suffolk). April 10th, Long Sand Lt. and Kentish Knock Lt. (Essex). April 12th, Outer Gabbard Lt. (Suffolk). April 15th, Varne Lt. (Kent). April 29th, Would Lt. (Norfolk). THE TREE SPARROW (Passer montanus). March 18th, E. Goodwin Lt. (Kent). March 20th, Galloper Lt. (Hssex). March 23rd, Hayling Island (Hants), many. April 15th, Kentish Knock Lt. (Essex). April 17th, Inner Dowsing Lt. (Lines). THE CHAFFINCH (Fringilla celebs). March 18th, ¢ Galloper Lt. (Essex). March 20th, ¢ Seven Stones Lt. (Cornwall). March 29th, ¢ Cross Sand Lt. (Suffolk). April Ist, ¢ Haisboro’ Lt. (Norfolk). April 10th, ¢ Kentish Knock Lt. (Essex). April 17th, ¢ Haisboro’ Lt. (Norfolk). THE LINNET (Linota cannabina). March 18th, ? Galloper Lt. (Essex). March 30th, ¢ Cross Sand Lt. (Suffolk). April 13th, ¢ Nab Lt. (Hants). 126 THE HOOPOE (Upupa epops). April 12th, Hayling Island (Hants), 1. THE GARGANEY (Querquedula circia). March 21st, Havant (Hants), 1¢. May 7th, Appledore (Kent), 1. THE SPOTTED CRAKE (Porzana maruetta). April 13th, Bradfield (Essex), 1. May 8th, Royal Sovereign Lt. (Sussex). THE QUAIL (Coturnix communis), April 27th, St. Catherine’s Lt. (Hants), 1. THE STONE CURLEW ((@dicnemus scolopaz). March 17th and 19th, Woodbridge (Suffolk). April 27th, Hollesly (Essex). THE GREEN SANDPIPER (Totanus ochropus). April 6th, Gloucester, 2. April 16th, Somerset. April 17th to 20th, Sussex. April 20th, Devon. THE WHIMBREL (Numenius pheopus). April 24th, Anglesea, 3 or 4. April 25th, Hants, large flock. April 26th, Anglesea, 3 or 4. Merioneth, 1. April 28th, Merioneth, 1. Hants, small flock. May Ist, Essex, 4. May 3rd, Merioneth and Devon. May 5th, Essex, 3. Merioneth, many. May 6th, Hants, many. May 7th, Kent and Merioneth. May 8th, Inner Dowsing Lt. (Lincs.), Essex and Anglesea. May 9th, Sussex, many. Anglesea, several. May 10th, Essex and Merioneth. May 14th, Merioneth, increase. May 15th, Merioneth, decrease. Anglesea, increase, until the 25th; and after this fairly numerous in Merioneth and in Anglesea until the end of the month. THE COMMON TERN (Sterna fluviatilis). April 24th and 29th, Lancashire, 2. April 30th, Suffolk, 6. May 3rd,'Lanes, 2. Cambridge. May 5th, Orfordness Lt. (Suffolk). May 7th and 9th, Kent. May 17th, Anglesea. May 18th, Suffolk. May 23rd, Anglesea, large number passing on. May 25th, Anglesea, increase. May 26th, Anglesea, large increase, and 127 becoming resident. May 26th, Hants, 2. May 28th, Hants, increase. THE LESSER TERN (Sterna minuta). April 30th, Suffolk, 3. May 3rd, Merioneth, 3. May 4th and 5th, Lancashire, 2. May 5th, Merioneth, many. May 6th, Hants 3. Anglesea 2. May 7th and 8th, Lancs, 2. May 9th, Lancs, 2. Sussex, 1. Essex, 1. May 12th, Merioneth, 12. Essex, 10. May 15th, Anglesea, few. Salop, many. May 16th, Merioneth, many passing on. May 19th, Hants, 2. May _ 22nd and 28rd, Anglesea, many passing on. May 25th, Anglesea, increase. Merioneth, many passing on. May 26th, Anglesea, large increase and resident. May 28th, Lancashire, several resident. THE SANDWICH TERN (Sterna cantiaca). April 24th, Lancashire, 2. April 29th, Lancashire, 6. May 7th, Lancashire, 2. INDEX TO THE BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS CLUB. VOLUMES I.—XYV. i tl 1892—1905. EDITED BY W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT. VOLUME XVIII. (Price Ten Shillings.) LONDON: WITHERBY & CO., 326, HIGH HOLBORN. 1906. iN XS BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB. VOLUMES I.—XV. 1892—1905. EDITED BY W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT. VOLUME XVIII. LONDON: WITHERBY & CO., 326, HIGH HOLBORN. 1906. ; a A ~* PREFACE. THe present Iyprx to the BuLLETiIn oF THE BriTISH 'OrniITHOLOGIStTs’ CiLuB embraces the fifteen volumes published since the commencement of the Journal in October, 1892, to June, 1905. The Inprex has been compiled with great care by Mr. Tuomas Wetis, Attendant in the Ornithological Department of the British Museum (Natural History). Every reference has been checked; and it is hoped that the Iyprx will be found free from errors, and of real service to Ornithologists. W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT. British Museum (Naturau Hisrory), 8.W., April, 1906. RAL SUB EOT-INDE x. VOLUMES 1.—XYV. 1892—1905. hist OF AUTHORS AND OTHER PERSONS REFERRED TO. Aircuison, Dr. J. E.T. Habits of Dendrocopus himalayensis, v., 14. ALEXANDER, Boyp. On birds from the Cape Verde Islands, vil., 27. ——. On his expedition to the Zambesi, viii., 48. ——. Sylviella pallida, sp. n., vili., 48. ——. Eremomela helenore, sp. n., viil., 48. ——. Cisticola muelleri, sp. n., vill., 49. —. Cinnyris shelleyi, sp. n., vill., 54, 55. ——. Chlorodyta zambesia, sp. n., x., 17. ——. On new or rare species from the Gold Coast Hinterland, xii., LOS Lae. ——. Caprimulgus sharpe?, sp. 0., X1l., 29. ——. Descriptions of thirty-three new species and two new genera from Fernando Po, xiil., 33-38. ——. A new genus and four new species of birds from Fernando Po, xill., 48, 49. —. Heterhyphantes melanogaster 3 described, xiil., 49. ——. A new species of Flycatcher from Fernando Po, xiv., 17. —. (flareola melanoptera in Sussex, xiv., 17. Apuin, 0. V. Variety of Common Partridge, x., 97. Barsoza pu Bocace, J. V. Bradyornis sharpii, sp. n., ii., 43. Barnes, H. E., 1., 3. BarRett-Hamitton, G. E. H. On Macrorhamphus scolopacews in Treland, ui., 18. ——. On feather ornaments from Canton, vii., 35. —. Nucifraga kamchatkensis, sp. n., vii., 46. ——. Letter from, xu., 71. Bate, Miss Dorotuy M.A. Description of new Wren from Cyprus, Ssilinles Aall Bares, G. L., xii., 1, 2, 79. Beck, R. H. Return from expedition to the Galapagos Islands, SM. Berversce, H. von. On Pipra opalizans, Idiopsar brachyurus, Chryso- lampis chlorolemus and Buthrawpis rothschildi, sp. n., vii., 3. 8 Berverscu, H. von. Exhibition of South American Owls, xii., 4-10. —. FPulsatrix sharpet, sp. n., xii., 6. ,and HartTert, BE. Thryophilus hypoleucus albipectus, subsp. n., xi., 12; Biancul, Dr. V. Proparoides nom. emend. pro Sitliparus, Oates (nec Selys-Longchamps), xii., 55. ——. Anew species of Bunting from the Upper Mekong, xiv., 80. ——. Ona new species of Dipper, xv., 91, 92. ——. Exhibition of eggs of the Knot, xv., 92. BIDWELL, E. On the humerus of a Coot, 1., 38. Exhibition of photographs of eggs of Alea impennis, ii1., 21. ——. Exhibition of two unrecorded eggs of Alca impennis, i1i., 3). ——. Exhibition of egg of Alea impennis, iv., 32, 39. —. Exhibition of model of egg of Alea impennis, iv., 36. —. Exhibition of eggs of Cueulus canorus along with those of the foster-parents, v., 29. ——. List of Western Palearctic species in the nest of which the Cuckoo’s egg has been found, v., 32. ——. Exhibition of Mr. Hack Tuke’s egg of the Great Auk, v., 38. ——. Exhibition of photographs of birds in the Newcastle Museum, vii., 36, ——. Exhibition of abnormal nests of British birds, viii., 24, 28, 36. ——. Exhibition of a bird’s-nesting stick, vill., 30. ——. Abnormal nests of Daulias luscinia, Acrocephalus phiragmitis, Tharrhaleus modularis, Phylloscopus minor, Remiza pendulina, Fringilla celebs, Enneoctonus pomeranus, Hypolais hypolais, Gallinula chloropus, viil., 57. —. Exhibition of a new field-glass for ornithological exploration, vili., 44. ——. Ona hitherto unrecorded specimen of the Great Auk’s egg, Kalous —. Curlew breeding in Surrey, xi., 34. —. Exhibition of a Great Auk’s egg, xi., 40. ——. Muscicapa parva on migration at the Casquets Lighthouse, xi, 63. ——. Coracias garrula in Sussex, xiil., 39. ——. On aspecimen of the Yellow Warbler (Dendreca estiva) from Durham, xv., 46, 47. —. [Exhibition of lantern slides, xv., 62. —. On fragments of a fossil egg-shell of a Struthicus bird, xv., 72. Bincuam, C. T. Three new species from the Mekong River, xii., 54-56, 63. Buiaauw, F. E. On the nesting of the Rufous Tinamou in confine- ment, iv., 42, 43. —. Egg of Psophia leucoptera, v., 18. 9 a F.E. Eggs of Ocydromus australis and Aramides ypecaha, oo Ae Sl on ae specimens of Theristicus, x1., 5 ——. Exhibition of an egg of Chen rossi, xi., 55. DLANFORD, W. T. On Indian Eagles, i11., 8. On Circus spilonotus, i11., 10. —. Remarks on Indian Siuees i., 42. —. (Grus sharpii, sp. n., v., 6. ——. Obituary notice, xv., 88. BLUNDELL, H. WELD, and Lord Lovar. New species of birds from Southern Abyssinia, x., 19-23. BocaGce. See Barboza du Bocage. Bonnotsr, J. L. On colour changes of I ringilla cannabina and moulting of Crex pratensis, vi., 8. ——. On birds from the Bahamas, viii., 50. —. Mimus polyglottus from Nassau Island, Bahamas, viui., 54. ——. On the moult of Colymbus septentrionalis and C. glucialis, x., 7. —. Exhibition of a nest of Phanicopterus ruber, xii., 83. ——. Aquatic Warbler in Sussex, xiii., 13 ——. On the acclimatization of the Great Bustard in England, Sata ey —. On bids from the Bahamas, xiii., 40. —. Kxhibition of photographs of living birds, xiii., 58 ——. Bartram’s Sandpiper in Cornwall, xv., 32. ——. On Hybrid Ducks, xv., 89, 90. —. Report of the B. O. C. Migration Committee, xv., 98, 99. Bonva ort, E., 1., 17. Bower, Captain T., i., 17. Brun, A., 1., 11. Butter, A. L. New birds from Perak, vii., 50. BurrerrieLp, W. R. Anthus cervinws near St. Leonard’s, v., 14. —. On Puffinus obscurus bailloni in Sussex, xi., 45. —. Sazxicola caterine from Sussex, xii., 78. ——. The Glossy Ibis in Sussex, xiii., 25. ——. On the Black-headed Wactail in Sussex, xiii., 69. ——. Grey-headed Wagtail in Sussex, xiii., 69. ——. The Orphean Warbler in Sussex, xiv., 16. —. Breeding of the Peregrine Falcon near Hastings, xiv., 17. ——. Bulwer’s Petrel in Sussex, xiv., 49. ——. Note on Mstrelata few, xiv., 50. ——. Exhibition of photographic slides, xiv., 76. —. On terms proposed to denote plumages and moults, xv., 33-35. ——. On the Black-eared Chat in Sussex, xv., 72. Burvrress, B. A. E. Exhibition of lantern-slides, xii., 59. 10 Burress, B. A. E. Exhibition of photographs, xiii., 57. Buxton, E. R. Exhibition of lantern-slides, xii., 57. Byatt, Mr. Nesting of the Lesser Redpoll in Hampshire, xii., 15. Cannon, F.G. Peculiar nest of a Sparrow Hawk, xiv., 82. CarRoLi, C. J. Sent for exhibition adult male examples of the Meadow Bunting and the Little Bunting, xv., 28. CHAMBERLAIN, NEVILLE, Vii., 7. CHaMBERLAIN, WALTER. Exhibition of photographs of living birds in his collection and of examples of radiography, v., 38. CuHapMaNn, A. On Lagopus hyperboreus, iii., 10. Caristy, Dr. Curusert. Letter from, viii., 49. CiLarRKE, W. Eacue. On birds from the Camargue, iu., 47, 48. ——. On the occurrence of Pelagodroma marina on the West Coast of Scotland, vi., 28. ——. On birds from Franz Josef Land, vii., 36. —. Houbara macqueenii in Scotland, viii., 36. ——. Report on the migration of Turdus musicus and Motacilla alba, xi., 40. ——. See De Winton, xi., 40. ——. Occurrence of Phylloscopus viridanus at the Suleskerry light- house, xiil., 12. ——. Migration ae Fieldfare and Lapwing, Kill, 39. —. Motacilla borealis near Halifax, xiii., 68. ——. Exhibition of Short-toed Lark, obtained on the Flannan Islands, xv., 11. ——. New species of birds from Gough Island, xv., 18-19. ——, Exhibition of albino Penguins, xv., 57. ——, Exhibition of lantern-slides, xv. 58, 59. Conury, F. Exhibition of birds from Teelant) xii, 14. 15: -_—, Exhibition of rare British birds, xii., 15. ——, Photographs of mounted groups, xil., 28. ——. Exhibition of British specimens of Anser rubrirostris and A, fabalis, xii., 80, 81. Cowir, A. Larus atricilla from Santa Lucia, W.L., viii., 59. Craic, Jonn. Young Cuckoo ejecting Titlark from nest, x., 6. CrowLery, J.C. Exhibition of lantern-slides, xv., 62. CrowLey, P. Nests andeggs of Paradisea raggiana and Chlamydodera cerviniventris, 1., 16. ——. Variety of Pratincola rubetra, ili., 3. ——. Resolution of sympathy with Count Salvadori in his illness, Vemoo- ——, Exhibition of an albino of Sturnus vulgaris, vi., 34. ——. Exhibition of photographs of nests and eggs of British birds, viil., 24. lt Crowiey, P. Abnormal nest of Pringilla celebs, viii., 36. ——. Eggs of Birds of Paradise, viil., 59. ——. Exhibition of albinoes, x., 97. ——. Exhibition of eggs, x., 41. —. Death of, xi., 44. Cortis, F. Tringoides macularius in Ireland, viii., 35. ——. Photographs of young Rough-legged Buzzards, x., 41. Datmas, Comtrt R. DE. Calliste emiliv, sp. n., x1., 35. —.. Calliste johanna, sp. n., Xi., 36. Danvo, W. P. Exhibition of lantern slides, xii., 59. DasenT, J. R. On the effects of the hurricane of September, 1898, on the birds of St. Vincent, W.L., x., 57. Davies, 8. A. Eggs of Dusky Redshank, xv., 25. Davison, W. R. Birds from Pahang, 1., 6, 7. Drcen, E. Onsome of the main features in the evolution of the bird’s wing, i., 2 ; ii., 7-31, Pl. I. Dr La Toucne. See La Touche. Din Vas, C. W., 1. 11, 17. De Winton, W. E. Kestrels feeding on young Pheasants, iv., 10. —. Exhibition of Willow Grouse and Ptarmigan, iv., 23. ——. Exhibition of large specimens of Guillemots, iv., 28. ——. On the changes in plumage in certain Waders, v., 43. ——. Perdix dawrica in the London markets, vii., 39, 48. ——. Election of, to the Committee, viii., 2. ——. Elected Treasurer, x., 1. —. Remarks on the third report of the committee on the migration of birds, xi., 40. ——. Mr. Eagle Clarke’s report on Twurdus masicus and Motacilla alba, x1., 40. —. On the founding of the Australian Ornithologists’ Scciety, Seg ole —. On the recent observations by Mr. Eagle Clarke on migration at the Eddystone, xii., 32. ——. Migration of Fieldfare and Lapwing, xiii., 39. ——. Exhibition of a specimen of JMotacilla borealis from Yorkshire, Ose Dresser, H. E. Ona new species of a Long-tailed Titmouse (Acre- dula macedonica), 1., 15, 23. —. Exhibition of specimens of “ three-colour” printing, xi., 59. ——. On variation in plumage of Hmberiza citrinella, xi., 66, 69. ——. Exhibition of eggs of rare species of birds, collected by Mr. Zarudny in Transcaspian and E. Persia, xii., 83. —. Eggs of Falco altaicus and Purus cypriotes, xiil., 18. ——. Eggs of rare Palearctic birds, xiii., 50. 12 Dresser, H. E. Breeding of the Knot on the Taimyr Peninsula, SLVe oes ——. Exhibition of nest and eggs of Rose-finches, xv., 26. ——. Exhibition of types of three new species from Tibet, 38. ——. Exhibition of birds’ eggs from Persia, xv., 38. —. Exhibited the parent bird, nest, and eggs of Cossypha guttu- ralis, xv., 76. Drewitt, Dr. F. D. Cdicnemus senegalens/s in Egypt, v., 19. ——. Autograph letter of John Latham to William Jones, xiv., 41. —. An Illustrated Catalogue of British Birds’ Eggs in the Collec- tion of William Jones (1799), xiv., 41. Docir, Earl of. On the reduced migration of Wood-Pigeons to England in 1900, xi., 56. —. Pochards at Tortworth, xi., 56. Drury, W. Totanus glareolu in co. Mayo, viii., 16. EVERETT, A. H., and H. H., i, 4. EverEtT, A. H., vil., 51. ——. Death of, vil., 57. Exvxior, E. A. 8. Exhibition of rare North American birds, v., 21. —. The changes of plumage in /arelda glacialis, v., 42. Ei_wes, H. J. On birds observed by him in the Altai Mountains, viii., 44. ——. Observations on Thinocorzss and Merganetta in Chile, xii., 65. FarTio, V., iii., 43. FEILDEN, Colonel H. W. Exhibition of nestlings of Cygnus bewickt, Were: —. On the birds of Novaya Zemlya, vii., 2. Fryn, Frank. On the type of Huplocamus anderson, viii., 45. —— On Weaver Birds, xi., 71. ——. Variety of Goldfinch, xiii., 79. ——. Ona nestling of Mesia argentauris, xiv., 24. ——. On the walking of Grebes, xiv., 33. Finscu, O. Collocalia gigas in Java, xii., 30. FirzHERBERT-BROCKHOLES, W. Varieties of Moorhen and Corn- crake, x., 95. ——. Joint nest of Blackbird and Hedge Sparrow, x., 103. FLoweEr, STANLEY &., vil., 17. —. Photograph of Baleniceps, xiv., 20. Forses, H. O. Diaphorapteryx, gen. novy., i., 21, cancelled, i., 50. —. Paleocorax, gen. nov., 1., 21. ——. On birds from the Chatham Islands, i., 45. ——. On the egg of Cabalus modestus, 1., 45. ——. On Paleocasuarius, 1., 51. 13 Forses, H.O. On Gallinago chathamica, iii., 17. ——. Expedition to Sokotra, viil., 41. Fow er, C. Mdemia nigra in Sussex, 1., 24. Fronawk, F. W. Anser albifrons nesting in captivity, xii., 82. ——. On sexual variation in the Common Lapwing, xiv., 62. —. Exhibition of lantern slides, xv., 61. GaINnsboRrouGH, Harlof. On the absence of scent in incubating Game- birds, xv., 77. GATKE, H. Death of, vi., 28. GaYNER, FI’. Exhibition of pictures of bird-life, xi., 49. GERRARD, J. Abnormal nest of Anorthura troglodytes, viil., 36. GictionI, H. H. On a supposed new species of Redstart from Sardinia, xiii., 79. GopMAN, F. D. Exhibition of egg of Dromeus nove-hollandia, ili., 23. ——. Xenopipo subalaris, sp. n., x., 27. —. Columba vini, sp. n., x. 27. GorLp1, Dr. Hybrid between a Guinea-Fowl and Domestic Fowl, vaniey oile GoLpIE, A.,i., 16. GoopFELLOW, W. JLlelianthea hamiltoni, sp. u., x., 48. ——. Expedition to Ecuador, x., 58. Gouup, F. H. Carruruers. Exhibition of a deformed Goldfinch, Sanh, Big). GRAHAM, W. Death of, vi., 33. GRANT. See Ogilvie-Grant. GuRNEY, J. H. Astur butleri, sp. n., vil., 27. Haicu, G. H. Caton. Anthus spipoletta in Yorkshire, v., 19. —. Phylloscopus viridanus in Lincolnshire, vi., 8. —. Lusciniola schwartz in Lincolnshire, viii., 6. ——. Sylvia nisoria in Lincolnshire, viii., 6. Harerrt, E. Picumnus salvini, sp. n., iii., 3. ——. Death of, iv., 32, 33. Harper, E. W. On Ploceus megarhynchus, xiv., 23. Harrert, H. On species of birds from the Dutch West Indies, i., 12, 13. ——. Conurus arubensis, sp. n., i., 16. ——. Exhibition of the type of Hemignathus lanaiensis, 1., 33. ——. Exhibition of a supposed hybrid Goose, i., 33. ——. Exhibition of birds from the Sandwich Islands and Laysan, Hoste Oe ——. Huetheia sharpi, sp. n., i., 37. ——. Pisorhina solokensis, sp. n., 1., 39. ——. On the habitat of Lophophorus sclateri, iii., 12. 14 ; Harrert, E, On the breeding of Cuculus canorus, iii., 25, 26. —. On the origin of the colour in the egg of birds, iii., 26, 27. —. Eupsychortyx mocquerysi, sp. n., ii., 36, 37. ——. On birds in the Kiel Museum, iii., 48. ——. Podargus intermedius, sp. n., v., 10. —. Caprimulgus rosenbergi, sp. n., v., 19. ——. Summary of Dr. Rey’s observations on the nesting habits of Cuculus canorus, v., 30. ——. Kophona personata magnirostris, subsp. n., v., 38. ——. On the changes of plumage in the Paradiseida, v., 43. | ——. Exhibition of rare birds from the Celebean Archipelago, v., 46. | —. Pachycephala fulviventris, sp. n., v., 47. —. Pitta maria, sp. n., v., 47. ——— On mhe European Nutcrackers, vi., 25, 31, 32. —. On Certhia familiaris, and its allies, vi., 25, 26. —. Phaethornis stuarti, sp. n., vi., 39, 40. ——. New birds from Flores, vi., 40. —. Exhibition of a yellow-tipped Ampelis garrulus, vi., 46. ——. Exhibition of a specimen of Jolema lwminosa, vi., 46. ——. On Parus salicarius, vii., 4. ——. On Osculatia purpurea, vii., 4. ——. On Paradisea intermedia, vii., 4. ——. On Macgregoria pulchra, vii., 4. ——. Tephrasruki, sp. n., vii., 5. ——. Leptotriccus flaviventris, vii., 5. ——. Exhibition of rare birds, vii., 15. —-. On Myzomela lafargei, vii., 23. ——. Chaleostigma purpureicauda, sp. n., vii. 28. ——. Cercomacra rosenbergi, sp. n., vil., 29. ——. Pyriglena berlepschi, sp. n., vii., 29. ——. Thamnophilus cachabiensis, sp. n., vil., 29. ——. Automolus nigricauda, sp. n., vii., 30. ——. Polioptila schistaceigula, sp. n., vil., 30. ——. Carpophaga obiensis, sp. n., Vil., 35. —. Ptilinopus granulifrons, sp. 1., Vil., 35. —. Reinwardtenas reinwardti obiensis, subsp. n., Vil., 35. ——. Serilophus rothschildi, sp. n., vil., 50. ——. Cryptolopha butleri, sp. n., vil., 50. —. Podargus meeki, sp. n., viil., 8. ——. Agotheles pulcher, sp. n., viil., 8. —. Pachycephala rosseliana and P. alberti, spp. nn., viii., 8, 9. ——. Cyclopsittacus inseparabilis, sp. u., Vill., 9. ——. Pachycephala Iuwehni, P. examinata, P. meelki, P. contempta, spp. nn., viil., 14, 15. ——. Cyanolesbia berlepschi, sp. n., viil., 16. 15 Harrert, E. LEdoliosoma rostratwm, sp. n., viii., 20. ——. Myzomela albigula and M. pallidior, spp. nn., viii.. 20, 21. ——. Acanthopneuste everetti, sp. n., viil., 31. —. Phyllergates everetti dwmasi, subsp. n., viii., p. 31. —. Erythromyas buruensis, sp. n., viil., 31. —. Khipidura superflua, sp. n., viil., 32. —. Pachycephala melanura bwruensis, subsp. n., viii., ——. Columba mada, sp. n., vill., 33. ——. Pachycephala peninsule, sp. n., viil., 33. —. Notes on Crested Larks (Galerita), viii., 354. —. Geocichla audacis, sp. n., vill., 43. . —. LErythrura forbesi, from Dammar Island, viii., 43. ——. On the system of labelling birds in the Tring Museum, vill., 44. ——. Dammeria henrici, gen. et sp. n., vill., 37-38. ——. Poéphila nigrotecta, sp. n., viil., 59. —. On Grallina picuta from Koor Island, Moluccas, x., 5. ——. New species from the Gold Coast Hinterland, x,, 5. —. Agyriria tenebrosa, sp. n., x., 15. —. Pytelva ansorgei, sp. n., x., 26. ——. WMelittophagus sharpei, sp. n., x., 27. ——. Exhibition of hybrid Humming-birds, x., 39. — Exhibition of nesting-boxes, x., 44. ——. Exhibition of a ratiometer, x., 45. ——. On measuring a bird, x:, 46. ——. Chetura thomensis, sp. n., x., 53. ——. Exhibition of albinoes from the Tring Museum, x., 67-93. ——. On Galerita nigricans and G’. delta, x., 98. ——. The fiftieth anniversary meeting of the German Ornithological Society, xi., 10. —. Heteropygia bairdi in Sussex, x1., 27. —. Parus salicarius in England, xi., 27. ——. Daenis berlepschi, sp. n., xi., 37. —. Grallaricula cwmanensis, sp. 0., Xi., 37. —. Vureolanius mikett@, sp. n., xi., 38. ——. Dysithamnus flemmingt, sp. n., Xi., 38. —. Phyllomyias venezuelensis, sp. n., X1., 32. tS) bo £ —. Attila braziliensis parambe, subsp. n., X1., 39. —.. Myiobius lite, sp. n., x1., 40. ——. Odontorhynchus dranickit minor, subsp. n., xi., 40. —. Calliste johanne, exhibition of a specimen, xi., 40. —. On Puffinus obscurus bailloni in Sussex, xi., 45. —. Pachycephala tianduana, sp. n., xi., 53. ——. On Mrafra africana and allies, xi., 63, 64. —. Calandrella pispoletta canariensis, subsp. n., xi., 64. 16 Harrerr, BE. On Comatibis eremita and Phylloscopus sibilatrix Jlavescens in Morocco, xi., 64, 65. Synallaxis omissa, sp. n., Xi., 71. Pyromelana franciscana pusilla, subsp. n., xi., 71. Nigrita doherty?, sp. n., xii., 12. Cisticola neumanni, sp. n., Xii., 13. Podargus inexpectatus, sp. n., Xii., 24. Pseudoptynx solomonensis, sp. 0., Xii., 25. Mizxornis priliwitzi, sp. n., xi., 32. Graucalus vordermani, sp. n., Xii., 32. 'yclorhis coibe, sp. N., Xil., 33. Aphantochrou cuvieri saturation, subsp. n., xii., 32 Columba goodsoni, sp. n., xii., 42. Ammomanes cinctura zarudnyi, subsp. n., 43. Exhibition of Chetocercus burmeisteri, xii., 43, 44. Pterocles coronatus atratus, subsp. n., xii., 48. Ciecabu hylophila (Temm.), &c., distinct from C. albitarsus, Scl., xii., 68, 69. Pyrrhula waterstradti, sp. n., xii., 69, 70 Cotile pembertoni, sp. n., X1l., 76. On the presence of an external penis in 7'extor niger, xii., 77, 78. On the protection of the Kite in Great Britain, xiii., 43. On a new Weaver-bird from the river Quanza, xili., 56. On a new species of Calamocichla, xiii., 62. On a new species of Cryptolopha, xiii., 70. Exhibition of Sapayoa enigma, xiii., 70. On races of Turdus merula and Erithacus rubecula, xiii., 71. New birds from Mindanao, xiv., 10-14. A new species of Certhia, xiv., 50. A new species of Dipper from Sardinia, xiv., 51. Notes on some birds from the Canary Islands, xiv., 51. A new Zosterops from the Solomon Islands, xiv., 61. New species of birds from Angola and Mindanao, xiv., 72-74. Nests and eggs of Pratincola dacotiw, xiv., 79. Eggs of the British Willow-Tit, xiv., 79. New species of birds from the Philippine Islands, xiv., 78, 79. Ona new species of Flower-pecker(Dice@um),from 8. Mindanao, EVO: New birds from the Volcano Islands, xv. 45, 46. Species of ypsipetes, found in the Japanese Empire, xv., 46. On the “ Sprosser ” Nightingale in Kent, xv., 47. On three new African species, xv., 74, 75. On the lack of scent in incubating Game-birds, xy., 7 On a new species of Apalis, xv., 95. Hae TpRT, E.,and Burier, A. L. Collocalia gigas, sp. u., xi., 65. Aig Hartert, E., and HenuMayr, C. HE. Platyrhynchus nattereri, subsp. Ts Pituri, iii., 22. Pizorhina cypria, xii., 55. Plangus neogeeus, vi., 12. Platalea flavipes, xi., 48. leucerodia, xii., 57,68; viil., 11. plateni, Aramidopsis, i., 54. , Rallus, i., 54. Platycercus barnardi, xii., 52. macgillivrayi, xii., 50,52; xiii., platyrhyncha, Limicola, xv., 12. Platyrhynchus griseiceps, vil., 15; xil., 63 nattereri, xii., 63, 64. rostratus, xii., 64. senex, vil., 15; xii., 64. Plautus impennis, vii., 36, 46; viii., 50; x., 33; x1., 49. Plectrophenax nivalis, i., 55; 42. Plegadis falcinellus, xiii., 25. Ploceipasser donaldsoni, v., 14. Ploceus atrigula, xiv., 23. megarhynchus, xiy., 23. Plotus anhinga, vi., 21. plumatus, Prionops, x., 7. plumbea, Butorides, iii., 18. —., Columba, xii., 42. plumbeitarsus, Phylloscopus, xiv., 46. plumifera, Mesophoyx, v., 11; vii., 23. plumosus, Pinarornis, viii., 48. pluvialis, Charadrius, xi., 41; xi, 15. Pneepyga everetti, vi., 40. Podager nacunda, iii., 12. Podargus inexpectatus, xii., 24. , intermedius, v., 10; viii., 8; xil., 24. marmoratus, v., 10. — meeki, viii., 8. — ocellatus, v.,10; vii., 8 24. papuensis, v., 10; vi., 50; xii., Vil., 2 aileA —— phalenoides, xii., 24. strigoides, x1i., 24. Podica personata, 1., 36. senegalensis, i., 36. Podiceps capensis, iv., 4. Podicipes capensis, xiv., 33. cristatus, x., 33; xi., 48. fluviatilis, xi., 10. —— minor, xiv., 33. — nigricollis, xiv., 33. podicipes, Ardetta, iii., 30; v., 13. Peecile affinis, iii., 13. cincta, xiv., 44. Peecile obtecta, xiv., 44. —— sayana, xiv., 44. songara, u., 13. poensis, Alseonax, xiv., 17. , Batis, xili., 34. ——, Calamocichla, xiii., 37. ——, Callene, xiii., 37. ——, Campothera, xiii., 33. ——.,, Cyanomitra, xiii., 38. ——., Cypselus, xiii., 33. ——.,, Dryoscopus, xili., 37. —,, Haplopelia, xiii., 33. —,, Hylia, xiii., 36. ——, Indicator, xiii., 33. ——, Macrophenus, xiii., 36. ——., Phyllostrophus, xiii., 35. ——,, Psalidoprocne, xiii., 34. ——, Stelgidillus, xiii., 35. ——., Sycobrotus, xili., 38. ——, Turdus, xiii., 37. Peeocephalus fuscicollis, xii., 10. —— kintampoensis, xii., 10. —— meyeri, xi., 67. saturatus, xi., 67. versteri, x., 6. Peecilodryas armiti, xi., 60. bermani, iii., 47. cyanus salyadoril, xi., 26. hypoleuca, u., 47. poecilopsis, Lophophanes, xii., 4. peciloptilus, Botaurus, v., 13. Peephila gouldiz, xii., 50. nigrotecta, vill., 58. Peeoptera greyi, vill., 50. kenricki, i., 42. lugubris, viil., 50. Pogonocichla intensa, xi., 67. orientalis, xi., 67. Pogonorhynchus dubius, x., 6. poicephalus, Mesopicus, xiv., 91. , Mesopicus goertan, xv., 52. poliocephalus, Laniarius, x., 7. , Malaconotus, ii., 42. , Porphyrio, xiii., 17, 18. poliogyna, Brachypteryx, iv., 40. Poliolais, xiii., 36. helenore, xiii., 36. Poliolimnas, 1., 27, 28. cinereus, i., 28. Poliomyias luteola, xiv., 46. polionotus, Serilophus, xiv., 7, 8. poliophrys, Alethe, xii, 10. poliopsis, Astur, vul., 28. Polioptila dumicola, vi., 26. schistaceigula, vii., 30. poliosoma, Agriornis, x., 55. poliotis, Ixops, xv., 97. polioxantha, Hremomela, viii., 48. Polyboroides pectoralis, xili., 50. Polyboroides typica, xiii., 50. Polyborus tharus, vi., 20. polyglottus, Mimus, viii., 54. Polyplectron, xiil., 42. pomarina, Aquila, x., 52. Pomatorhinus hainanus, xiyv., 9. —— mearsi, xv., 39. pinwilli, xv., 39. schisticeps, xv., 39. tickelli, xiv., 9. pomatorhinus, Stercorarius, vi., 34. pomeranus, Hnneoctonus, viii., 37. , Lanius, vil., 55. porphyreolophus, Gallicrex, xiv., 15. Porphyrio, i., 27. ceruleus, xili., 17. melanonotus, x., 78. poliocephalus, xiii., 17, 18. smaragdonotus, xiii., 17. Porphyriops, i., 27. Porphyriornis, i., 27. porphyropterus, Lamprotornis, vi.,. 48, Porzana, i., 27. carolina, xii., 26. marginalis, xii., 82. Porzanula, i., 27. palmeri, i., 20. precognitus, Stachyridopsis, xiv., 9. pretermissa, Hrythrophoyx, iii., 38 ; v., 13 preetermissus, Ardeirallus, iii., 4. pratensis, Anthus, x., 74; xii. 58 ;. xiv., 42; xv., 63. , Crex, vi., 8. Pratincola caprata, xii., 83. dacotiz, xiv., 79. rubetra, ii., 3; x., 74, 88; xv., 63. pratincola, Glareola, x., 84; xiii., 77. pretiosa, Calliste, vili., 24. prillwitzi, Mixornis, xii., 32. principalis, Haplopelia, xiii., 33; xiv., 93 , Phasianus, xiv., 38, 37. , Vidua, xii., 71. pringli, Dryoscopus, iii., 3. prinioides, Cisticola, xii., 13. Priocella glacialoides, x., 106. Priofinus cinereus, x., 106. Prion desolatus, vii., 42; x., 106. vittatus, vil., 42. Prioniturus discurus, xiv., 72. flavicans, ui., 10. — montanus, iv., 41. —— verticalis, iii., 10. waterstradti, xiv., 71. Prionodura newtoniana, iv., 14. Prionops intermedia, xi., 47. Prionops melanoptera, xi., 46. plumatus, x., 7 talacoma, xi., 46, 47. pristoptera, Psalidoprocne, x., 20. Procellaria velagica, xv., 61. Procelsterna, v., 22. procera, Cisticola, xii., 13. procne, Coliuspasser, xiii., 73. Prodotiscus peasei, xi., 67. regulus, xi., 67. productus, Nestor, iii., 38. Promerops caffer, x., 32. purpureus, xii., 37. Proparoides, xii., 55, 68. cinereus, xii., 55. Proparus austeni, v., 3. fucatus, viii., 26. — guttaticollis, vi., 50. ruficapillus, xiii., 60. sordidior, xili., 60. striaticollis, vi., 50. vinipectus, v., 3. Propasser pucherrimus, xv., 95. rhodopeplus, xiii., 11. ripponi, xiii., 11. waltoni, xv., 95. propinqua, Pitta, x., 4. Prosthemadera noveezealandie, x., 88, 89. Protonotaria citrea, viil., 50. pryeri, Diceeum, vi., 48. , Hypsipetes, v., 2. , Hypsipetes amaurotis, xv., 46. przewalsku, Cinclus, xv., 92. , Sitta, vill., 26. Psalidoprocne antinori, viii., 55. blanfordi, x., 20. —— fuliginosa, xili., 34. percivali, viii., 55. poensis, xili., 34. pristoptera, x., 20. Psammocrex, 1., 27. Pseudaleemon delameri, x., 102. fremantlei, x., 102. Pseudogeranus, 1., 37. leucauchen, i., 37. Pseudogerygone flaviventyris, xv., 80, 81, 82. igata, xv., 80, 81. tenebrosa, xil., 50, 51. Pseudominla, xii., 68. Pseudonestor, 1., 35. xanthophrys, i., 35. Pseudoptynx gurneyi, xii., 25. philippinensis, xii., 25. solomonensis, xii., 25. Pseudototanus guttifer, iv., 35. Pseudotantalus ibis, xii., 57. Pseudotharrhaleus caudatus, iv., 40. 94 Pseudotharraleus caudatus, xiv., 74. unicolor, xiv., 74. psittacea deppei, Psittirostra, xv., 45. olivacea, Psittirostra, xv., 45. Psittacella picta, vi., 5. Psittacirostra, i., 35. Psittacus erithacus, i., 7, erythacus, x., 72. variegatus, x., 16. Psitteuteles euteles, vi., 54. meyeri, xiv., 10. weberl, vi., 54. Psittiparus fokiensis, xiv., 7. eularis, xiv., 7. hainanus, xiv., 7. transfluvialis, xiv., 7. Psittirostra psittacea deppei, xv., 45. olivacea, xv., 45. Psophia leucoptera, v., 18. Pteridophora alberti, iv., 11, 21. Pternistes infuscatus, vi., 46. rufopictus, iv., 27. Pterocles atratus, xil., 48. coronatus, xii., 48. Pteroclurus namaqua, xil., 2. Pterythius zeralatus, xiv., 92. ricketti, xiv., 92. Ptilinopus albocinctus, vii., 834; vili., 42. alligator, vill., 42. baliensis, vill., 42. cinctus, vil., 84; viil., 42. ——- dohertyi, vill., 42. —— everetti, vii., 834; viii., 42. — granulifrons, vii., 35. cularis, vii., 34. —— hyogaster, vii., 35. lettiensis, vil., 35; vill., 42. mangoliensis, vil., 34. subgularis, vil., 34. Ptilocichla leucogastya, i., 7. Ptilocolpha griseopectus, vi., 34. nigrorum, vi., 34. Ptilocorys cristatus, x., 98. nigricans, x., 98. senegalensis, x., 98. Ptilonorhynchus violaceus, iv., 14; xil., 81. Ptilopachys florentiz, x., 107. fuscus, x., 6, 107. Ptilopus dohertyi, v., 46. muschenbroecki, i., 10, pectoralis, i., 10. salvadorii, i., 10. Ptilorhis alberti, viii., 10. paradisea, iv., 12. victorie, ili., 36; iv., 12. Ptilosclera versicolor, xiv., 10. Ptilotis keartlandi, xii., 50. Ptilotis leilavalensis, xii., 50, 51. Ptyonoprogne obsoleta, iv., 42. Puffinus anglorum, xv., 61. assimilis, vil., 40. —— obscurus, vii., 40. bailloni, x1., 45. yelkouanus., vill., 259; x., 18. pugnax, Pavoncella, x., 84. pulchellus, Mgithaliscus, xi., 11. pulcher, Aigotheles, vill., 8. pulcherrima, Eudrepanis, iii., 50. pulcherrimus, Malurus, xv., 10. , Propasser, xv., 95. pulchra, Aleyone azurea, xi., 65. ——., Carine, uii., 42. ——, Macegregoria, vi., 26; 15 vil., 4, Pulsatrix fasciativentris, xii., 7. melanonota, xii., 6 7. perspicillata, xii., 5. —— pulsatrix, xil., 4. sharpei, xii., 6, 7. torquata, xii., 5. pumilus, Coccyzus, xiv., 82. , Zebrilus, v., 13. punctata, Campothera, x., 7. punctatissima, Aluco, xiv., 89. punctatus, Phalacrocorax, x., 71. , Thamnophilus, vu., 30. punctifrons, Avgithalus, x1., 13, 66. , Anthoscopus, xiv., 91. puniceus, lanthcenas, i., 19. punicus, Falco, iv., 15. purpurea, Ardea, ii., 33; xv., 60. , Osculatia, vii., 4. , Phoyx, i., 38; v., 11. purpureicauda, Chalcostigma, 28. purpureiventer, Cinnyris, xii., 50. purpureo-violacea, Phonygama, iv., 13; xiv., 40. purpureus, Centropus, xii., 75. , Lamprocolius, x., 7. , Promerops, xil.,.37. pusilla, Ardetta, ili., 31; v., 13. -, Hmberiza,1.,4; vi., 34; xii, 14; xv., 28. ——,, Gallinago, i1., 12. ——, Metoponia, xii., 19. , Pyromelana, xi., 71. pusillus, Melittophagus, x., 7, 26. Pyenonotus barbatus, x, 7. capensis, x., 31. taivanus, ii1., 8. Pycnorhamphus carneipes, xiil., 50. Pyctorhis gracilis, vili., 26. pygargus, Circus, xiv., 76. pygmeeus, Hurhinorhynchus, iy., 35. - ——, Zosterornis, vi., 18. Vil., Pygosceles adelie, vii., 43; xv., 57, 58, 59. antarctica, xv., 57, 58. —— papua, x., 71; xv., 57, 58. teniata, vil., 43. Pyranga sstiva, vill., 50. Pyriglena ater, vii., 29. berlepschi, vil., 29. picea, vil., 29. Pyrocephalus dubius, viii., 57; xii., —— nanus, viil., 57. rubineus, vi., 9, 20. Pyromelana, xui1., 29, 30. flammiceps, x., 7. franciscana, xi., 71. pusilla, xi., 71. xanthochlamys, xiii., 10. Pyrrhocheira caffra, xi., 2. pyrrhonota, Climacteris, xv., 10. pyzrhopterus, Lycocorax, iv., 14. Pyrrhospiza camerunensis, xill., 38. olivacea, xili., 38. pyzrhotis, Lepocestes, vi., 50. Pyrrhula europea, x., 76, 91, 96. leucogenys, iv., 41; xii., 70. waterstradti, xii., 69, 70. Pyrrhulauda butleri, xiil., 73. harrisoni, xi., 30. lacteidorsalis, xiii., 73. —— leucotis, xi., 13; xii, 14; xi., 73. nigriceps, xili., 78. otoleuca, xil., 11, 14. verticalis, xi., 30. Pyrrhuloxia sinuata, x., 76. Pyrrhura vittata, vi., 26. Pytelia ansorgei, x., 26. citerior, xill., 76. — hypogrammica, x., 7. jessei, xili., 76. —— lirki, xiii., 76. —— melhba, xiii., 76. —— sharpel, x., 26. —— soudanensis, xiii., 76. quadricolor, Laniarius, x1., 53. quadrivirgata, Hrythropygia, vill., 48. quanzee, Urobrachya, xili., 56. Quelea, xii., 29, 30. Querquedula crecca, xii., 29. querquedula, Anas, x., 71. quiscalinus, Lanicterus, vi., 48. quoyi, Cracticus, x., 40. radeliffei, Tricholema, xv., 29. raddei, Lanius, xv., 38. radiatum, Glaucidium, ii. , 42. radiatus, Thamnophilus, vi., 20. raggiana, Paradisea, i., 16; iv., 13; vi., 40; viii., 59; xv., 91. rail, Motacilla, xv., 13. raja, Spilornis, i., 55. Rallicula, i., 27. Rallina, i., 26, 27. euryzonoides, iv., 7. — formosana, iv., 7. seplaria, iv., 7. ralloides, Ardeola, v., 12; xii., 29. Rallus, i., 27. aquaticus, x., 70, 79. coryl, xill., 50. — monasa, 1., 19. —— muelleri, i., 40. sandwichensis, i., 42. ramsayi, Trochalopterum, xiv., 92. ranfurlyi, Phalacrocorax, xi., 66. rapax, Aquila, xi., 6-9. rayi, Motacilla, xiii., 20. Recurvirostra avocetta, xv., 60. reevesi, Phasianus, vii., 27; viii., 27; X1., 53; xiv., 36. , Syrmaticus, xiv., 58. refulgens, Lophophorus, viit., 42, 43 ; aay TAS) regia, Diomedea, x., 106. regius, Cicinnurus, iv., 13. Regulus coatsi, xiv., 44. cristatus, xii., 19; xiy., 44. japonicus, xiv., 44. regulus, Prodotiscus, x1., 67. reichenowi, Cryptospiza, xui., 21, 38. , Enneoctonus, iil., 42. , Pitta, xii., 49. reinwardti, Crateropus, x., 7; xii. 10. Reinwardtcenas reinwardti obiensis, vii., 35. reischeki, Hsematopus, x., 4. reiseri, Accentor collaris, xy., 13. , Phyllomyias, xv., 73. Remiza centralasiz, xiv., 45. jaxartensis, xiv., 45. pendulina, viii., 37; xiv., 45. yeniseensis, xiv., 44. rendalli, Anomalospiza, xii., 30. , Crithagra, iv., 28. , Serinus, xii., 29. reptata, Urocichla, xiii., 55; xiv., 83. respublica, Schlegelia, iv., 13. rex, Baleniceps, xil., 58; xill., 68; xiv., 20. reyi, Ninox, vi., 47. Rhabdornis inornatus, vi., 18. minor, vi., 17. mystacalis, vi., 17. Rhamphastos toco, vi., 20, 26. Rhamphoceelus brasilius, x., 67, 93. icteronotus, vi., 32. inexpectatus, vi., 32. Rhea, vi., 35. americana, x., 77 darwini, xiv., 90. Rheinardius nigrescens, xii., 55. ocellata, xii., 55, 56. Rheinardtius, xiii., 42. Rhinomyias insignis, iv., 40. Rhinoptilus albofasciatus, iii., 14. bicinctus, xil., 2. —— bisignatus, iii., 14. chaleopterus, iii., 14. cinctus, ii., 138. —— gracilis, ii., 14. hartingi, iii., 14. seebohmi, iii., 13. Rhipidornis gulielmitertii, iv., 13, 21 xiv., 90. Rhipidura buttikoferi, i., 18. intermedia, xv., 8, 10. —— nigrocinnamomea, xiv., 12. =—— sancta, x., 29. —— setosa, i., 18. —— superflua, viii., 32. verreauxi, x., 29. Rhizothera dulitensis, iv., 27. longirostris, iv., 27. Rhodacanthis flaviceps, i., 36. palmeri, 1., 36. Rhodopechys aliena, vii., 18. sanguinea, vii., 18. rhodopeplus, Propasser, xiii., 11. Rhodornis, xiv., 73. Rhodostethia, v., 28. rosea, Vil., 42. Rhopoterpe stictoptera, i., 32. Rhynchops, v., 23. intercedens, iv., 26. melanura, iv., 25. nigra, iv., 25, 26. Rhynchostruthus louise, vi., 47. percivali, xi., 30. socotranus, vi., 47; xi., 30. Rhynchotus rufescens, iv., 42. riccordi, Sporadinus, xiii., 51. richardsoni, Cyphorhinus, 1., 32. , Falco, iv., 42; v., 21. ricketti, Arboricola, viii., 47. , Chrysophlegma, vii., 40. , Pterythius, xiv., 92. ridgwayi, Nesotriccus, xili., 6. ridibundus, Larus, i., 88; xi. 71; xili., 57 ; xv., 60-63. ridleyana, Elaineea, xiv., 18. riedeli, Ardetta, v., 13. , Eclectus, x., 2. rioj, Phaethornis, vi., 40. riparia, Clivicola, x., 73, 97. , Cotile, iv., 23. ripponi, Abrornis, xiii., 11. , Genneeus, xili., 29. ——,, Propasser, xiii., 11. ——., Suthora, xv., 96. , Trochalopterum, xi., 10. Rissa, v., 23. tridactyla, vil., 19,42; xv., 62, 89. rixosa, Machetornis, vi., 26. roberti, Callene, xiti., 37. , Conopophaga, xv., 54. robinsoni, Myiophoneus, xv., 69. rochusseni, Neoscolopax, x., 16. rolleti, Oriolus, xiv., 18. romanowi, Lanius, xiti., 50. roraime, Scops, vi., 38. roratus, Hclectus, x., 2; xii., 47. rosa-alba, Strepera, vili., 7. rosea, Acredula, i., 16; xiii., 49. , Ajaja, vi., 20. , Rhodostethia, vii., 42. roseigriseus, Turtur, xi., 66. roseigularis, Casuarius, xv., 32. rosenbergi, Caprimulegus, v., 10. , Cercomacra, vii., 28. , Nemosia, vii., 6. roseus, Carpodacus, xv., 26. , Phenicopterus, ili., 48; xv. 51. ross, Musophaga, xiv., 14, 15. rosseliana, Pachycephala, viii., 8. , Tanysiptera, viil., 7. rostratum, Edoliosoma, vili., 20. , Trichostoma, i., 7. rostratus, Geothlypis, xiii., 51. , Platyrhynchus, xii., 64. rothschildi, Buthraupis, vii., 3. , Chrysotis, i., 18. ——,, Serilophus, vii., 50; xiv., 7. ——, Serinus, xiii., 21. Rougetius, i., 27. rovume, Parus, i., 6. rubecula, Hrithacus, viii.,.37; x., 73, 90, 94; xii.,18; xiii., 71; xiv., 88; xy., 68, 64. ruber, Pheenicopterus, xii., 83; xv., 51. rubetra, Pratincola, iii.,3; x., 74, 88; xv., 63. rubiensis, Manucodia, iv., 13. rubiginosus, Automolus, xv., 55. rubineus, Pyrocephalus, vi., 9, 20. rubra, Hos, x., 16. , Uranornis, iv., 13. rubricollis, Malimbus, vi., 48. rubrifacies, Lybius, xv., 29. rubrinucha, Pitta, x., 3. rubripes, Genneeus, xiii., 29. 37 rubrirostris, Anser, xii., 80, 81. rubritorques, Conurus, i., 11, 12. rubriventris, Hstrilda, xiii., 73, 75. rudolphi, Paradisornis, iv., 13, 42. rueppelli, Hurocephalus, viii., 24. , Sylvia, xi., 72. rufa, Caccabis, x.,’72; xv., 76. , Formicivora, xiv., 54. ——, Dichromanassa, v., 11. , Limosa, xv., 60. rufescens, Acanthis, x., 91; 91. —, Cannabina, xii., 15. ——, Cracticus, x., 40. ——., Linota, xv., 88. ——, Phlexis, xili., 9, 48. —, Rhynchotus, iv., 42. , Scops, x., 56. ruficapillus, Ageleeus, vi., 26. , Proparus, xiii., 60. ruficeps, Stachyridopsis, xi.,11; xiv., xiv., ruficollis, Bernicla, vi., 33. -—., Branta, xv., 60. ——,, Caprimulgus, vii., 36. ——, Hydranassa, v., 11. ——,, Turdus, xiv., 46. rufidorsalis, Dryodromas, vi., 48. , Passer, x1., 66. rufifrons, Dryodromas, iv., 29. rufina, Fuligula, iii., 48. , Netta, xiv., 61. rufinucha, Pachycephala, vii., 22. rufipectus, Automolus, xv., 55. rufipennis, Aplonis, x., 28. , Cichladusa, xil., 35. rufiventris, Ardea, iii., 39. , Hrythrocuus, v., 12. , Turdus, vi., 26. rutobrunnea, Crateroscelis, xi., 25. rufocinerea, Monticola, vi., 46. rufopictus, Pternistes, iv., 27. rufopileata, Dendreeca, xv., 47. rufostrigata, Linota, xv., 93. rufotinctus, Casuarius, xiv., 39. rufula, Certhilauda, xii., 2; xiv., 29. rufulus, Anthus, xii., 2. rufus, Bathmocercus, xiv., 19. , Furnarius, vi., 9, 20. ——., Lanius, xv., 38. ——, Phylloscopus, xiv., 51; 63, 98. ruki, Tephras, vii., 5. rupestris, Anthus, vi., 38. , Lagopus, xii., 15. _ Rupicola crocea, vi., 27. peruviana, vi., 27. rupicola, Cerchneis, xii., 2. rushiz, Pholidornis, xii.,11; xiv., 56. G xvas russula, Cettia, viii., 10. , Lusciniola, viii., 10. rustica, Emberiza, xiti., 14. , Hirundo, v., 6,9; vi, 18, 19; x. 72; xii., 58; xiii.,66; xiv., 81. rusticula, Scolopax, xii, 29, 58; xili,, 29, 72; xv., 62. rutenbergi, Butorides, iii., 17. Ruticilla moussieri, xii., 70. nigra, xili., 79. —— phenicura, vi., 34. semiruta, vi., 46. titys, xill., 79; xv., 99. ruticilla, Setophaga, x., 90. rutila, Tadorna, xi., 71. ruwenzori, Mesopicus, xiii., 8. ruwenzorii, Apalis, xv., 11. Ruweuzorornis johnstoni, xiy., 14, 15. sabinei, Chetura, x., 53. , Xema, v., 21; xiv., 63. sabota, Mirafra, iv., 29. sacerdotis, Ceyx, xil., 23. sacra, Demieeretta, v., 11; vii., 23. sahare, Fringillaria, xii., ‘70. saker, Hierofalco, xi., 4. salicarius, Parus, vii., 4; xi., 27, 28. salmoni, Tigrisoma, y., 12. Salpornis salvadorii, xii, 11. Saltator aurantiirostris, vi., 26. cerulescens, vi., 26. salvadorii, Casuarius, viii, 27, 55; KOE , Lybius, xiv., 16. —, Microglossus, iv., 6. ——, Nectarinia, x1ii., 61. —, Pachycephala, vii., 22. ——,, Paleornis, viii., 56. ——., Phyllomyias, xii., 52. —,, Pecilodryas cyanus, xi., 26. , Salpornis, xii., 11. salvini, Picumnus, iii., 3. , Thalassogeron, i., 58. , Tinamus, viil., 59. samarensis, Oriolus, iii., 49. sancta, Halcyon, xiv., 75. , Rhipidura, x., 29. sancte-catarine, Scops, vi., 37. sanctee-helens, Hstrilda, xiii., 74. sancti-hieronymi, Panyptila, vi., 27. Sandpiper, Pectoral, yili., 6. sandwichensis, Pennula, i., 20, 24. , Rallus, i., 20, 42. sanguinea, Rhodopechys, vii., 18. santa-catarinse, Megascops, xii., 9, , Scops, xii., 9. Sapayoa enigma, xiii., 70, Sarcogeranus, i., 37. sardus, Cinclus, xiy., 51, 98 satscheunensis, Phasianus,i.,39; xir., 36, 37. saturata, Hypoteenidia, xii., 76. , Scolopax, x., 16. saturatior, Aphantochroa, xii., 33. , Fringillaria, xi., 47. ——,, Picolaptes, vii., 59. , Upucerthia, x., 63. saturatus, Cinclus, xv., 92. , Peocephalus, xi., 67. Saucerottea cyanifrons, x., 16. saundersi, Sterna, y., 23. savannarum, Ammodromus, i., 12. saxatilis, Monticola, xii., 19. Saxicola albicollis catarine, xv., 72. amphileuca, xii., 79. aurita, xii., 78, 79. — catering, xii., 78. —— chrysopygia, xil., 83. —— cummingi, x., 17. erythreea, xiii., 16. falkensteini, viii., 48. halophila, xi1., 15, 16. libyca, xii., 79. lugens, xiil., 15, 16. —— mesta, x., 17. monticola, xii., 2. — cenanthe, x., 73, 88; xv., 64,98. persica, xil., 83. picata, xv., 38. xanthoprymna, x., 17. sayaca, Tanagra, vi., 20, 26. sayana, Peecile, xiv., 44, Sczenopeetes dentirostris, iv., 14. scandens, Climacteris, xv., 10. scandiaca, Nyctea, vii., 42. scapulatus, Corvus, x., 32; xi., 66. schistacea, Nigrita, xi1., 12, 18. schistaceigula, Polioptila, vii., 30. schistaceus, Euprinodes, x., 28 ; xiv., 94. , Spermophilopsis, iv., 37. schisticeps, Pomatorhinus, xv., 39. Schizorhis africanus, x., 6. schlegeli, Catarrhactes, x.,77; Xv., 5 Schlegelia respublica, iv., 13. schmackeri, Pinarocichla, i., 6, 19. scheeniclus, Emberiza, vii., 7; x., 76, 96; xiv., 75; xv., 28, 63, 64. Scheenicola, xii., 51. Scheniparus intermedius, xi., 11. mandelli, xi., 11. variegatus, Viii., 26. schranki, Calliste, xi., 36. schuetti, Francolinus, x., 22. schwartzi, Herbivocula, xiv., 46. schwarzi, Lusciniola, viii., 6. scintillans, Phasianus, xiv., 36,37, scita, Stenostira, xii., 2. vee Casuarius, vili., 42, 55; xii., 57. ——,, Euprinodes, xiii., 36. , Lophophorus, iii., 12. sclateriana, Amalocichla, xi., 26. scolopaceus, Macrorhamphus, iii., 18. Scolopax rusticula, x., 84, 85 ; xii., 29, 58; xili., 29, 72; xv., 62. saturata, x., 16. scomber, Scomber, ili., 33. Scops alfredi, vii., 15. bakhameena, ill., 42. balli, iii., 42. — bourouensis, i., 4. — brasilianus, vi., 37, 38. — brookii, i., 4. ‘—— capensis, Xil., 5d. — elegans, 1., 4. —— everetti, 1., 40. elu, xil., 55. griseus, ii., 42. —— suatemale, vi., 37, 38. — holerythra, xii., 3. icterorhyncha, x., 56, 57; xii., 3. ingens, vi., 37. —— latouchii, x., 56, 57. —— lempiji, ii., 42. lettia, i1., 42; x., 55. — leucotis, xi., 13. longicornis, iii., 41. — malabaricus, lil., 42. —— mantananensis, 1., 4; iii., 9. — modestus, iii., 42. nicobaricus, iii., 42. pennatus, ii., 42, 51. roraime, vi., 38. rufescens, x., 56. —— sancte-catarine, vi., 37. —— santa-catarine, xil., 9. —— scops, xil., 39. —— sibutuensis, iii., 9. socotranus, vill., 41. sunia, li., 42. — usta, xii., 10. whiteheadi, iv., 40. Scoptelus brunneiceps, xiv., 19. castaneiceps, xiv., 19. scoresbyi, Larus, vii., 42. scoticus, Lagopus, vi., 13; vii, 36; Pe 68, 80, 95; xiii., 57, 69; xiv., Ole Scotocerca buryi, xiii., 22. inquieta, xiii., 22. scotti, Ocydromus, xv., 78, 79. seratchleyana, Munia, vii., 60. scutulata, Ninox, iii., 42. secretarius, Serpentarius, x., 32. secunda, Deconychura, xiv., 51, 52. secunda, Mirafra, xii., 51. seebohmi, Lusciniola, iv., 40. , Rhinoptilus, ii., 13. Seena, v., 22. sefilata, Parotia, x., 100. segetum, Anser, v., 6. seimundi, Haplopelia, xiv., 93. Selasphorus ardens, vi., 38. underwoodi, vi., 38. Seleucides albus, viii., 18. ignota, xill., 32. ° ignotus, vill., 13. nigricans, iv., 12. seleucides, Diphyllodes, iv., 3, 18; v., 22. semenowl, Sylvia, xv., 38 semiceruleus, Halcyon, i., 3. semilarvatus, Melaniparus, iv., 2. Semioptera halmaherse, iy., 13. wallacei, iv., 13. semirufa, Ruticilla, vi., 46. semitorquata, Aleemon, xii., 2. , Garrulax, x., 49. semitorquatus, Phasianus, xiv., 36, 37. , Turtur, x., 6. senegalensis, Centropus, x., 6. , Cinnyris, x., 7. ——, Ephippiorhynchus, xii., 57. ——,, Falcinellus, xu, 38. ——,, Galerita, x., 98. —, Ivrisor, x., 7. ——,, Gdicnemus, v., 19. ——,, Otis, xu., 11; xiv., 24, ——., Piilocorys, x., 98. ——, Turtur, x., 30; xiv., 75. , Zosterops, i., 5. senegalus, Telephonus, x., 7. senex, Platyrhynchus, vii.,15; xii.,64. sepiaria, Rallina, iv., 7. septentrionalis, Colymbus, vi., 43; x., 7; xil., 15; xili., 44; xiv., 75. —.,, Diphyllodes, iv., 3, 18. , Phasianus, xiv., 37, 38. sericea, Loboparadisea, vi., 16, 24. Sericulus melinus, iv., 14. Serilophus lunatus, vii., 50; xiv., 7. polionotus, xiv., 7, 8. rothschildi, vii., 50; xiv., 7. Serinus albigularis, xii., 2. angolensis, vi., 7. —— butyraceus, x., 7. — donaldsoni, iv., 41; xiv., 28. fagani, vi., 7. flaviventris, xiv., 30. icterus, x., 7. imberbis, xv., 30. — maculicollis, iv., 41. —— rendalli, xii., 29. X1., 53; 100 Serinus rothschildi, xiii., 21. sharpei, xiv., 30. xanthopygius, xiii., 21. Serpentarius secretarius, x., 32. Serpophaga albogrisea, xiv., 55. munda, xiv., 55. —— parambe, xiv., 54. subcristata, xiv., 55. serrator, Merganser, xii., 15. , Mergus, xv., 62. serratus, Merganser, x., 17. Setaria, xii., 54, Setophaga ruticilla, x., 90. setosa, Rhipidura, i., 18. sexpennis, Parotia, iv., 6, 7, 18, 21, 42 sharpei, Agithaliscus, xiv., 84, , Anthoscopus, xv., 75. ——, Apalis, xiii., 35; xiv., 94. ——, Bradyornis, iii., 43. ——, Callene, xiii., 60. ——,, Caprimulgus, xii., 29. —., Donacicola, iii., 47. ——.,, Huethia, i., 37. ——,, Grus, v., 7. ——,, Lalage, x., 40. ——, Macronyx, xiv., 74. ——.,, Melittophagus, x., 27. ——., Pachycephala, vii., 22. ——,, Pholidauges, viii., 22. ——, Pulsatrix, xii., 6, 7. ——,, Serinus, xiv., 30. ——,, Smithornis, xiii., 34. , Trochalopterum, xii., 13. shawi, Phasianus, xiv., 36, 37. Shearwater, Levantine, viii., 29. shelleyi, Cinnyris, viii., 54, 55. , Cryptospiza, xiii., 21. , Nesocharis, xiii., 48. shorei, Tiga, xv., 68. Sialia sialis, xii., 35. sialis, Sialia, xii., 35. sibbensis, Lophoceros, iv., 32. sibilans, Larvivora, xiv., 46. sibilatrix, Phylloscopus, xi., 65; xv., 638, 64. sibirica, Alauda, xiii., 14. , Butalis, xii., 83. ae Geocichla, iv., 19 ; vi., 34; vii., sibiricus, Turdus, xv., 60. , Uragus, xv., 26. sibutuense, Diczeum, iii., 10. sibutuensis, Scops, iii., 9. sicula, Acredula, xi., 52. signata, Tanagrella velia, xv., 90. similis, Anthus, xiii., 50. simillima, Merula, iv., 36. simoni, Dendropicus, x., 38. simonsi, Buarremon, xi., 2. simplex, Sylvia, v., 3. sinensis, Ardetta, iii., 80; v., 13. , Brachypteryx, vi., 50. —, Cettia, vii., 37. ——,, Cotile, iv., 23. ——., Cryptolopha, vii., 36. ——, Garrulus, xv., 97. , Lepocestes, vi., 50. sinica, Chloris, xiii., 11. sinuata, Myrmecocichla, xii., 2. , Pyrrhuloxia, x., 76. Siphia enganensis, v., 2; xi., 60. hainana, x., 36. herioti, xi., 60. pallidipes, i.,19; v.,2; x., 36. Sitagra aliena, xiii., 21. brachyptera, x., 7. capensis, x., 31. Sitta cesia, iv., 22; xi, 19; xiil., 23. — chloris, xv., 82. —— krueperi, xii., 19. —— magna, vi., 9. —— montana, xiv., 84. — montium, x., 37. przewalskii, viii., 26. —— syriaca, xii., 19. victoriz, xiv., 84. —— whiteheadi, xi., 12. yunnanensis, x., 37. Sittasomus, xiv., 52. Sittiparus, xii., 55, 67, 68. Siva cyanuroptera, x., 38. sordida, x., 38. wingatei, x., 38. sladenix, Cypselus, xiv., 55, 56. smaragdonotus, Porphyrio, xiii., 17. smithi, Anthoscopus, xiii., 60. , Crateropus, iv., 41; xiv., 15. ——,, Dryodromas, iv., 29; vi., 48. , Hirundo, xi., 66. Smithornis albigularis, xiv., 73. capensis, xiv., 73. sharpei, xili., 34. socotrana, Fringillaria, vili., 41. socotranus, Rhynchostruthus, vi., 47 ; xi., 30. , Scops, vili., 41. semmerringi, Phasianus, xiv., 36, 38, 58 solitarius, Amblycercus, vi., 20. ——, Pezophaps, v., 29. , Totanus, xv., 12. solokensis, Pisorhina, i., 39. solomonensis, Pseudoptynx, xii., 25. somalensis, Irrisor, xii., 37, 38. somalica, Burnesia, vi., 46. ——, Certhilauda, xiv., 29. 101 Somateria, xv., 100. —— mollissima, vii.,42; x.,71; xii., 15; xv., 69. —— borealis, xv., 44. dresseri, xv., 44. —— mollissima, xv., 44. v-nigra, xv., 44. spectabilis, xi., 54; xv., 44. yv-nierum, xv., 32, 70. songara, Poecile, i., 13. sonnini, Eupsychortyx, iii., 37. sordida, Siva, x., 38. , Stoparola, 11., 50. sordidior, Proparus, xiii., 60. sordidus, Anthus, vi., 46. , Cinclus, xiv., 43; xv., 91, 92. soudanensis, Pytelia, xiii., 76. sowerbyi, Stactolema, vil., 36. sparsimeguttata, Nigrita, xii., 13. sparsimstriatus, Cinclodes, x., 62. Spatula clypeata, iv., 23; x., 71. speciosa, Ardeola, v., 12. speciosus, Epimachus, iv., 12. spectabilis, Dryotriorchis, xii., 11. , Munia, vii., 60. , Somateria, xi., 54; xv., 44. spekii, Hyphantornis, vi., 46. Speotyto cunicularia, xiv., 75. sperata, Cinnyris, ii., 50. Spermestes, xiii., 48. Spermophila, iv., 37. albigularis, xiv., 75. minima, x., 93. Spermophilopsis, iv., 37. falcirostris, iv., 37. schistaceus, iv., 37. superciliaris, iv., 37. Spheniscus demersus, x., 33. Sphenura broadbenti, xiii., 23. . Sphyropicus thyroideus, v., 21. spilogaster, Hutolmaetus, xv., 67. , Nisaétus, xi., 31. spilonotus, Circus, ii., 10. Spiloptila clamans, xi., 13, 66. malopensis, xill., 80. ocularia, xii., 2; xiii., 80. Spilornis raja, i., 55. Spindalis townsendi, xiii., 50. zena, xill., 50. spinus, Chrysomitris, vii., 18. spipoletta, Anthus, v., 19; vi, 38; vil. 27; xiii., 20; xv., 20, 27. Spizaétus alboniger, x., 33. Spizocorys athensis, x., 101; xi., 61. conirostris, x., 101. personata, xu., 62. splendens, Corvus, xv., 64. splendidissima, Astrapia, v.,38; vii., 15. ue splendidissima, Lamprocolius, xiii., 48. spodiogaster, Butorides, iii.,1’7; v., 12. spodocephala, Emberiza, xiv., 46. Sporadinus riccordi, xiii., 51. Sporeginthus margarite, x., 20. Spreo superbus, x., 33. squamiceps, Argya, iv., 36. , Hypsipetes amaurotis, xv., 46. Squatarola helvetica, v., 2. Stachyridopsis goodsoni, xiv., 8, 9. preecognitus, xiv., 9. ruficeps, xi., 11; xiv., 8, 9. sulphurea, xi., 11. Stachyris binghami, xiv., 84. borneensis, i., 7. —— chrysea, xiv., 84. davisoni, i., 7. — guttata, xiv., 8. swinhoei, xiv., 8. Stactolema anchiete, vil., 36. olivaceum, v., 3. sowerbyi, vii., 36. woodwardi, v., 3. stagnatilis, Butorides, ii1., 18; v., 12. steindachneri, Picumnus, xii., 4, stejnegeri, Himatione, i., 42. —., Zosterops palpebrosa, xv., 45. Stelgidillas gracilirostris, xiii., 35. poensis, xi., 35. stellaris, Botaurus, v.,13 ; x., 33 ; xiil., 44, stellatus, Batrachostomus, 1., 4. , Caprimuleus, x., 21. stelleri, Eniconetta, xv., 44. , Heniconetta, xi., 54. stellula, Calliope, x., 39. Stenostira scita, xil., 2. stentoreus, Acrocephalus, xii., 83. stephanie, Astrarchia, iv., 12, 21. stephanophorus, Heterhyphantes, vi., 43. Stercorarius, v., 23. antarcticus, vil., 42. —— catarrhactes, xiii., 44; xiv., 75. crepidatus, vii , 42 ; xiv., 18. maccormicki, ii., 12; vu, 42. parasiticus, xv., 62. pomatorhinus, vi., 34. Sterna anestheta, vi., 50. arctica, xv., 60. dougalli, vi., 24. exilis, v., 23. — fluviatilis, xv., 60. —— fuliginosa, xii. , 26. hirundinacea, vii., 42. lorata, v., 23. —— macrura, Vil., 42; vill., 37; xil., 15; xv., 60. 102 Sterna melanogaster, v., 22. minuta, xii., 28; xv., 60, 63, 64. saundersi, v., 23. trudeani, v., 22. vittata, iv., 37. stewarti, Phalacrocorax, x1., 66. stictigula, Alcippe, xiil., 61. stictilema, Chetura, viil., 48. , Crateropus, xu., 10. stictithorax, Indicator, xii., 11. Stictonetta nzevosa, il1., 19. stictoptera, Rhopoterpe, 1., 32. sticturus, Dryoscopus, viii., 48. Stigmatops notabilis, xii., 43. stigmatothorax, Tricholema, vi. 47. Stiphrornis gabonensis, xiv., 19. xanthogaster, xiv., 19. Stipiturus malachurus, vii., 50. stokesi, Xenicus, xv., 15. stoliczke, Aigithalus, xiv., 45. stolzmanni, Oreotrochilus, v., 46. stonii, Alurcedus, iv., 14. Stoparola nigriloris, xiv., 80. nigrimentalis, ii., 50. panayensis, xiv., 80. sordida, iii., 50. strauchi, Phasianus, xii., 20; xiv., 36, 37. Strepera rosa-alba, viil., 7. streperus, Acrocephalus, xii., 29. , Chaulelasmus, xii., 15. , Chaulelasmus x Anas boscas, xv., 89, 90. strepitans, Pitta, xii., 22. Strepsilas interpres, xv., 57. striata, Butorides, iii., 17, v., 12. , Graminicola, 1., 6. ——,, Tringa, vii., 36, 42. , Uroloncha, x., 93. striaticeps, Halalocercus, vii., 16. striaticollis, Phacellodromus, vi., 20. , Proparus, vi., 50. striatus, Zosterornis, iv., 11. strigirostris, Didunculus, xv., 51. strigoides, Podargus, xii., 24. striolata, Fringillaria, xi., 47. Strix brasiliana, xii., 8. de roepstorfhi, ii1., 42. flammea, iii., 42; xv., 64. bargei, 1., 18. strophiatus, Archibuteo, xiv., 46. Struthio, vi., 35. camelus capensis, xili., 66. stuarti, Phaethornis, vi., 39. sturmi, Ardeirallus, iii., 38; v., 13. Sturnopastor floweri, vii., 17. superciliaris, vii., 17. Sturnus unicolor, vii., 17. Sturnus vulgaris, vi., 39; x., 72, 88 xili., 52; xv., 60, 64. styani, Suthora, xiil., 54. subaffinis, Phylloscopus, x., 37. subalaris, Amblyornis, iv., 17. , Xanthochlamys, iv., 14, 15. , Xenopipo, x., 27. subalpina, Sylvia, iv., 9; xv., 11. subarquatus, Ancylochilus, vii., 2. subceruleata, Dryonastes, xii., 13. subcinnamomea, Euryptila, xii., 2. subcristata, Serpophaga, xiv., 55. subflava, Coccopygia, xiil., 75. subgularis, Ptilinopus, vii., 34. subpersonata, Motacilla, xii., 27. subrutescens, Cossypha, iv., 28. subruficapilla, Cisticola, iv., 29. subvinacea, Columba, xil., 42. suffusus, Casuarius, xiv., 38, 39. Sula brewsteri, xiii, 7. coryi, xiv., 65, 76. nebouxi, xiii., 7. nesiotes, xiii., 7. piscatrix, vii., 52; xiv., 65. sula, vii., 23; xiii., 7. variegata, xlil., 7. websteri, vil., 52. sulcirostris, Crotophaga,1.,12; x., 86. , Hypotenidea, xil., 76 , Phalacrocorax, x1., 48. sulphurea, Stachyridopsis, xi., 11. sumatrana, Ardea, v., 11. , Caloperdix, i., 5. sumatrensis, Artamides, xii., 33. , Graucalus, xii., 33. sundeyalli, Butorides, v., 12. sunia, Scops, ii., 42. superba, Lophorhina, iv., 13. superbus, Spreo, x., 33. superciliaris, Spermophilopsis, iv., 37. , Sturnopastor, vii., 17. , Zosterops, vi., 40. superciliosa, Anas, iv., 1. superciliosus, Phylloscopus, iv., 10; xiv., 46. superflua, Rhipidura, viii., 32. surinamensis, Hydrochelidon, v., 23. Suthora brunnea, xiii., 54. craddocki, xiii., 54; xv., 96. davidiana, xili., 63. ripponi, xv., 96. styani, xiil., 54. —— thompsoni, xill., 63. verreauxi, xill., 55. swainsoni, Circus, x., 100. , Gampsonyx, 1., 32. ——, Graucalus, vuli., 10. swinhoei, Gennzeus, xiv., 58. ——,, Stachyris, xiv., 8. 103 Sycobrotus emini, xiii., 22. nandensis, xili., 38. poensis, xili., 38. zaphiroi, xill., 22. sylvaticum, Glaucidium, i., 55. sylvestris, Cabalus, i., 30. , Gerygone, xv., 81, 82. , Ocydromus, i., 30. Sylvia affinis, xiv., 42. althea, xii., 83. atricapilla, ii., 11; xiv., 24. —— blanfordi, vi., 46. cinerea, vi., 20; x., 73; xv., 60. curruca, xiv., 42. deserti, xili., 16. halimodendri, xiv., 42. hortensis, iv.,22; v.,8; x., 73; xi, 58. minuscula, xiv., 42, 43. —— minuta, xill., 60. —— momus semenowi, xv., 38. —— nana, vi., 46; xiii., 16, 17. nisoria, i., 11; vii., 8; viil., 6. orpheus, xiv., 16. rueppelli, xi., 72. simplex, v., 3. subalpina, iv.,9; xv., 11. Sylviella baraka, vii., 6. gaikwari, xi., 47. isabellina, xi., 47. jacksoni, vii., 7. leucopsis, vill., 48. pallida, viil., 48. toroensis, xv., 38. Syma megarhyncha, viii., 7. Symplectes croconotus, vi., 48. Synallaxis omissi, xi., 71. syriaca, Sitta, xii., 19. syriacus, Turdus merula, xv., 48. Syrigma cyanocephalum, v., 12. Syrmaticus reevesi, xiv., 38. Syrnium, viil., 39. , albitarse, xii., 68. —— aluco, xii., 28, 58; xili., 23; xyv., 63, 78. — mauritanicum, xv., 36. —— nigricantius, vi., 47. —— willkonskii, vi., 6, 24. — woodfordi, vi., 47. melanonotum, xii., 6. Syrrhaptes tibetanus, vii., 57. iv., 22 5 tachiro, Astur, vi., 51. Tachybaptes albipennis, iv., 4. ‘capensis, iv., 4. minor, iv., 4. Tachycineta leucorrhoa, vi., 20. Tachyornis, i., 53. Tadorna cornuta x Anas boscas, xv., 89, 90. rutila, xi., 71. tadorna, Cornuta, x1i., 28. teniata, Pygoscelis, vil., 43. teeniolema, Campothera, x., 36. Teenioptera irupero, vi., 20. nengeta, vi., 20, 26. Tahy, vii., 51. taivanum, Trochalopteron, xiv., 8. taivanus, Pycnonotus, iii., 8. talacoma, Prionops, xi., 46, 47. talautensis, Hos, i11., 46. , Hermotimia, i11., 46. , Zeocephus, iii., 46. talifuensis, Aigithaliscus, xiv., 18. , Anorthura, xiil., 11. talischensis, Phasianus, xiv., 36, 37. Tanagra sayaca, vi., 20, 26. Tanagrella cyanomelena, xv., 90. velia iridina, xv., 90. signata, xv., 90, tanki, Turnix, xii, 71. tanneri, Geothlypis, xiil., 51. Tanysiptera rosseliana, viii., 7. tarimensis, Phasianus, xiv., 86, 37. Tatare vaughani, xi., 2; xiv., 18. tataupa, Crypturus, xiv., 22, 75. taurica, Acredula, xii., 49. tayazu-guira, Nycticorax, ill.,32; v., 12. Telephonus anchiete, i1., 43. blanfordi, x., 49. —— minutus, il., 43. percivali, x., 49. senegalus, x., 7. Telespiza cantans, i., 36; vili., 56, 57. flavissima, i., 86; vili., 56, 57. temmincki, Actodromas, ili., 23. , Tringa, xv., 62. Temnurus niger, i., 19; xiv., 7. truncatus, 1., 19 tenebrosa, Agyrtria, x., 15. tengmalmi, Nyctala, xi1., 58. tenuirostris, Micranous, iv., 19. Tephras ruki, vii., 5. tephrocephala, Cryptolopha, vii., 37. tephrolema, Xenocichla, xi., 29 tephronotus, Lanius, iii., 49; x¢ 94. tephrops, Turdinus, 1., 54. Terpsiphone cristata, x., 7. viridis, x., 7 terrestis, Cisticola, xi., 13. Tetrao tetrix, v., 48; x., 17, 68, 79, 81. ; urogallus, v., 48; x., 68, 95. Tetraogallus caspius, xii., 19. tetraoninus, Francolinus, x., 22. Tetrastes bonasia, x., 69, 80. 104 tetrix, Lyrurus, vi.,13; x.,97; xv., 62, 63, 77. ——, Tetrao, v., 48; x., 17, 68, 79, 81 Textor niger, xii., 77. teydea, Fringilla, xiv., 81, 82. Thalassaétus branickii, xi., 4. macrurus, X1., 4. Thalassidroma cryptoleucura, iv., 35. Thalassceca antarctica, vii., 42. glacialoides, vii., 4.2. Thalassogeron carteri, xv., 44, 45, cautus, i., 58. chlororhynchus, x., 106; xiv., — culminatus, x., 106. salvini, i., 58. Thalassornis, xv., 100. Thamnolea cinnamomeiventris, xv., 39. Thamnophilus cachabiensis, vil., 29. ceerulescens, xiv., 53. —— nevius, xiy., 53. paraguayensis, xiv., 53. punctatus, vii., 30. radiatus, vi., 20. Tharrhaleus modularis, vili., 37; x., 96, 108. tharus, Polyborus, vi., 20. Thaumalea picta, vii., 8, 27. Thaumastura core, v., 46. thekle, Galerida, viii., 34; xiil., 17. Theristicus caudatus, xi., 55. melanopis, xi., 55. Thinocorus, xii., 65. Thinornis noveezealandix, x., 84. thiogaster, Lybius, xiv., 16. thomassoni, Merula, iii., 51; iv., 8. thomensis, Aluco, xiv., 89. , Chetura, x., 53. thompsoni, Suthora, xiii., 63. , Phonygama, iv., 13. thoracica, Lusciniola, x., 19. thoracicus, Thryothorus, i., 32. thornei, Francolinus, xiii., 22. Thryophilus albipectus, xii., 12. castaneus, i., 32. costaricensis, i., 32. hypoleucus, xii., 12. Thryothorus atrigularis, i., 32. euophrys, xi., 47. — goodfellowi, xi., 47. —— thoracicus, i., 32. thyroideus, Sphyropicus, v., 21. Thyrorhina, i., 27. tianduana, Pachycephala, xi., 58. tibetana, Anorthura, xv., 93. tibetanus, Garrulax, xv., 38, 94, , Syrrhaptes, vii., 57. Tichodroma muraria, i., 49; vi. 8; xii., 64. tickelli, Pomatorhinus, xiv., 9. Tiga shorei, xv., 68, 69. Tigriornis, v., 14. leucolopha, v., 12, 15. Tigrisoma bahie, v., 12, 14, excellens, v., 12. fasciatum, v., 12. lineatum, v., 12. —— marmoratum, v., 12. salmoni, v., 12. timoriensis, Herodias, v.,11; xi., 48. Tinamus fuscipennis, vii., 59. salvini, vil., 59. Tinnunculus alaudarius, xiv., 81. — cenchris, xiv., 46. pekinensis, xiv., 46. tinnunculus, Cerchneis, x., 71; xiv., 76. , Falco, ii, 26. titys, Ruticilla, xiii., 79; xv., 99. tobagensis, Formicivora, xiv., 54. toco, Rhamphastos, vi., 20, 26. Todirostrum fumifrons, xyv., 90. penardi, xv., 90. —— guttatum, vii., 16. pictum, vii., 15. toitoi, Petroica, x., 89. torda, Alca, x.,71; xii., 28; xv., 61. toroensis, Sylviella, xv., 38. torquata, Ceryle, vi., 9. , Pulsatrix, xil., 5. torquatus, Acridotheres, i., 7. , Aethiopsar, i., 7. , Paleornis, x., 72. , Phasianus, iv., 19; xii., 19-21; xiil., 43; xiv., 36-38. , Turdus, xi., 60; xii., 19. torquilla, Tynx, vii., 55; viii., 40. torridus, Caprimulgus, viii., 23; xiv., 29. Totanus calidris, xv., 60. fuscus, v., 5; xiv. 81; xv., 25, 62. og glareola, vi., 34; viil., 16; xiv., solitarius, xv., 12. toulsoni, Cypselus, xiv., 63. toussnelii, Astur, xiii., 49. townsendi, Spindalis, xili., 50. Trachyphonus cafer, xv., 39. transfluvialis, Psittiparus, xiv., 7. transvaalensis, Mirafra, xi., 64. traversi, Phalacrocorax, vili., 21. , Urobrachya, xill., 56. Traversia lyalli, iv., 10. Tribonyx, i., 27. 105 Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus, xiv.,10. flavoviridis, xiv., 10. —— johnstonie, xiv., 10. —— meyeri, xiv., 10. novehollandie, x., 72, 85. Tricholema alexandri, xiii., 61. ansorgil, v., 3. —— blandi, vi., 47. diademata, xiii., 61. —— gabonense, v., 3. hirsutum, v., 3. leucomelan, xii., 2. radcliffei, xv., 29. stigmatothorax, vi., 47. Tricholimnas, i., 27, 28. lafresnayanus, 1., 28. Trichoparadisea gulielmi, iv., 13. Trichostoma, xii., 54. rostratum, 1., 7. tricollaris, Aigialitis, xii., 2. tricolor, Hydranassa, v., 11. tridactyla, Rissa, vii., 19, 42; 62, 89. tridactylus, Apternus, xiv., 44. trimaculatus, Caprimuleus, xii., 29. Tringa acuminata, i., 9. — alpina, xii., 28. —— canutus,i.,32; xii.,12; xiv., 382; xv., 92. — fuscicollis, vii., 36, 43. maculata, i.,9; xi., 55. —— minuta, v., 2; vii., OF xiv., 41; KVe OMe striata, vii., 36, 42. temmincki, xv., 62. Tringoides hypoleucus, vii., 23. macularius, vill. 35; xiv., 84. tristis, Phylloscopus, xiv., 44. ——, Turdus, vii., 27. tristrami, Gallinago, iii., 12. trivirgata, Cryptolopha, xi., 60. Trochalopteron canorum, xiv., 8. henrici, xv., 94. —_ owstoni, xiv., 8. taivanum, xiv., 8. Trochalopterum erythrolema, xiv., 83. —— holerythrops, xiv., 83. —— melanostigma, xiv., 92, 98. —— milni, xii., 18. —— peninsule, xiv., 92, 93. —— ramsayi, xiv., 92. yipponi, xi., 10. sharpei, xii., 13. trochilus, Phylloscopus, x., 73. troglodytes, Anorthura, viii., 36; X., 74, 89; xili., 61. troile, Uria, i iv., 28; vii, 19; x., 71, 95; xii., 58; xv., 61. KV, tropicalis, Mirafra, xii., 62. Tropicoperdix charltoni, iv., 23. chloropus, iv., 23. trudeani, Sterna, v., 22. truncatus, Temnurus, i., 19. Trypanocorax frugilegus, iv., 39; x., 75, 87, 96; xiii., 64; xv., 64. tsanz, Melanobucco, xiii., 29. tucumana, Chrysotis, iii., 44. Turacus donaldsoni, iv., 32. macrorhynchus, xv., 13, 14. —— persa, xv., 51. Turdinus atriceps, xiii., 10. batesi, xii., 2. —— cerviniventris, xil., 3. —— fulvescens, xii., 3. —— jacksoni, xi., 28. —— kalulonge, 1., 54. maenirostris, 1., 54. sepiarius, i., 54. tephrops, 1., 54. turdoides, Acrocephalus, xiv., 18, 25. Turdus alpestris, xi., 60; xii., 19. atrogularis, xiv., 46. cabrere, xiii., 7 1. —— coburni, xii., 28. dague, vii., 27. —— fuscatus, vi., 34. iliacus, x.,75; xii.,19, 28; xv., 62. — leucauchen, vii., 27. —— mauritanicus, xiii., 71. merula, vii., 18; xiii., 71; xv., 63, 89. —— —— algirus, xv., 48. cabrere, xv., 48. —— —— mauritanicus, xv., 48. syriacus, xv., 48. —— migratorius, x., 89. —— musicus, vii., 18, 60; x., 74, 89; xi., 34,40; xiil., 52; xv., 63, 69. naumanni, xii., 68. obseurus, vil., 47. olivaceus, x., 31. == pheeopygoides, vil., 27. pilaris, x., 75, 89, 96 ; Xu, 39. —— poensis, xiii., 37. ruficollis, xiv., 46. rufiventris, a 26. sibiricus, xv., 60. torquatus, xi., 60; xii., 19. tristis, vil., 27. viscivorus, x., 75, 89, 96; EVs, 63. : xanthorhynchus, xiii., 37. Turnix castanonota, x., 43. —— nana, iii., 30. —— olivei, x., 43. 106 Turnix tanki, xiii., 71. whiteheadi, vi., 8, 34. Turtur ambiguus, xi., 66. cambayensis, x., 83. capicola, x., 30. isabellinus, x., 96. —— lhase, xv., 92. orientalis, xv., 92. roseigriseus, xi., 66. semitorquatus, x., 6. senegalensis, x., 30; xiv., 75. —— turtur, x., 96; xiv., 75, 76. Tympanuchus americanus, x., 69. typica, Deconychura, xiv., 51, 52. , Polyboroides, xiii., 50. tyrannina, Cercomacra, vii., 29. tyrannulus, Herpornis, i., 19. , Myiarchus, i., 13. tyrannus, Milvulus, vi., 20. ugande, Burnesia, vii., 6. ukambensis, Erythropygia, xi., 28. uluensis, Francolinus, vi., 47. undatus, Lybius, xiv., 15, 16. , Melanobucco, x., 21; xiii., 29. underwoodi, Selasphorus, vi., 38. undulatus, Melopsittacus, x., 86. uniappendiculatus, Casuarius, viii., 50, 56; xii.,57; xiv., 38, 39, 90. unicincta, Columba, xv., 75. unicolor, Apus, vili., 37. , Cypselus, xili., 33; xiv., 68. ——,, Gazzola, xi., 29. ——, Heematopus, x., 84. ——., Pseudotharraleus, xiy., 74. , Sturnus, vii., 17. unwini, Caprimulgus, xii., 83. Upucerthia darwini, x., 63. — dumetoria, x., 63. — fitzgeraldi, x., 63. saturatior, x., 63. validirostris, x., 63. Upupa epops, vii., 58; xiii., 44. erythrorhyucha, xii., 37. Uragus sibiricus, xv., 26. Uranornis rubra, iv., 13. urbica, Chelidon, xiii., 57; 46. ——, Chelidonaria, xiii., 57. , Hirundo, x., 738. Uria bruennichi, vi., 32; vii., 48. grylle, x., 78. lomvia, x., 78. — mandti, vii., 43. troile, iv., 28; vii., 19; x., 71, 95; xii., 58; xv., 58. Urobrachya axillaris, xiii., 56. nigrinotata, vil., 7. —— pheenicea, xiii., 56. XV Urobrachya phoenicea quanze, xiil., 56. traversii, Xxiil., 56. Urocichla caudata, xiii., 56. longicaudata, xiil., 56. — oatesi, xiv., 83. reptata, xiil., 55; xiv., 83. Urocissa whiteheadi, x., 18. urogallus, Tetrao, v.,48; x., 68, 95. Urolais marie, xiil., 35. Uroloncha striata, x., 93. ursule, Cyanomitra, xiil., 38. Urubitinga urubitinga, x., 53. Urubutinga zonura, vi., 26. ussheri, Cheetura, xii., 11. , Indicator, xii., 80. usta, Scops, xii., 10. validirostris, Lanius, iii., 49. , Upucerthia, x., 63. Vanellus cristatus, v., 46; 18, 60. leucopterus, iv., 7. vanellus, x., 70; xii. 58; xiv., 62, 75; xiii., 68. variegata, Eos, x., 16. Also ables 7 variegatus, Psittacus, x., 16. , Scheeniparus, vili., 26. vario, Oreocichla, x., 47, 48. varius, Parus, ii1., 46. vatensis, Clytorhynchus, x., 29. vaughani, Tatare, xi., 2; xiv., 18. vege, Larus, ili., 24. vegetus, Corvus woodfordi, xv., 21. velata, Geothlypis, vi., 20. velia iridina, Tanagrella, xv., 90. signata, Tanagrella, xv., 90. venezuelensis, Phyllomyias, xi., 39; xv., 73. venusta, Aigialitis, xiii., 29. venustus, Cyanicterus, xiv., 31. verreauxi, Aquila, xi., 6. , Rhipidura, x., 29. , Suthora, xiii., 55. verrucosus, Phalacrocorax, vill., 22. versicolor, Phasianus, xiv., 36, 87. , Ptilosclera, xiv., 10. versteri, Pceocephalus, x., 6. verticalis, Cyanomitra, xili., 38; xiv., 94. ——,, Prioniturus, iii., 9. , Pyrrhulauda, xi., 30. vespertinus, Falco, xiv., 42. vexillarius, Cosmetornis, xv., 22. victoris, Athopyga, xiv., 83. , Babax, xv., 97. —, Goura, x., 83. —, Ptilorhis, iii., 36; iv., 12. Vay elias 107 victorie, Sitta, xiv., 84. , Menura, vil., 50. Vidua principalis, xii., 71. vina, Columba, x., 27. vinaceigula, Melanophoyx, v., 11, 13. vindhiana, Aquila, xi., 7, 8. vinipectus, Proparus, v., 3. violacea, Musophaga, x., 6; xiv., 14. , Nyctanassa, v., 11. violaceus, Ptilonorhynchus, iv., 14; xil., 81. violicollis, Casuarius, vili., 27, 55; Xi, 57. virago, Cyclopsittacus, viil., 9. Vireo calidris, xiy., 95. caymanensis, xlv., 94, gracilirostris, xiv., 18. laure, xiv., 95. olivaceus, vill., 50. Vireolanius mikette, xi., 38. virescens, Butorides, ii., 18; v. 12. , Phyllomyias, xv., 73. virginianus, Bubo, v., 21. , Ortyx, x., 69. viridanus, Phylloscopus, vi., 8; xiil., 12; xiv., 46. viridiceps, Apalis, vii., 55. viridiflava, Micreeca, xi., 26. viridis, Alurcedus, iv., 14. , Carpococcyx, xil., 70. ——, Centropus, x., 86. ——, Gecinus, xv., 68. , Lrrisor, xil., 36,37; xv., 39, 40. ——., Laniarius, xi., 53. , Terpsiphone, x., 7. Viridonia maculata, i., 57. viscivorus, Turdus, x., 75, 89, 96; xv., 63. vitellina, Dendreeca, xiv., 95. vitriolina, Calliste, x., 93. vittata, Pyrrhura, vi., 26. , Sterna, iv., 37. vittatus, Heterotrogon, xiii., 33. , Prion, vii., 42. vlangali, Phasianus, xiv., 36, 37. yv-nigrum, Somateria, xv., 32, 70. yv-nigra, Somateria mollissima, xv., 44. vocifer, Haliaetus, xii., 57. vordemanni, Graucalus, xii., 32, 33. vuleani, Zosterops, xiv., 14. vulgaris, Buteo, xiti., 44; xiv., 81. , Coccothraustes, xii., 19; xv., 37. ——,, Icterus, i., 12. , Sturnus, vi, 39; x., 72, 88; xill., 52; xv., 60, 64. , Vanellus, xiii., 39. vulpinus, Buteo, xiv., 46. Vultur monachus, i., 49; xii., 57. waddelli, Babax, xv., 38, 94. , Garrulax, iii., 29. wagleri, Conurus, i., 11. waigiouensis, Cryptolopha, xiii., 70. wakensis, Hypotenidea, xiii., 78. waldeni, Ixops, xv., 97. wallacii, Semioptera, iv., 18. wallichi, Catreus, xiv., 58. wallisi, Henicornis, x., 63. waltoni, Propasser, xv., 95. Warbler, Barred, viii., 6. waterstradti, Prioniturus, xiv., 71. , Pyrrhula, xii., 69, 70. watsoni, Hphialtes, xii., 10. weberi, Psitteuteles, vi., 54. websteri, Sula, vil., 52. weigalli, Coracias, ii., 23. weiskeri, Climacteris, xv., 10. westermanni, Helectus, x., 2. whartoni, Carpophaga, vii., 23. whiteheadi, Cinnyris, iii., 50. , Genneus, x., 18. ——, Merula, 1., 25. ——,, Scops, iv., 40. ——, Sitta, xi., 2. ——, Turnix, vi., 8, 34. ——, Uvocissa, x., 18. ——, Zosterops, xiv., 13, 14. , Zosterornis, ili., 50; iv., 2. wilhelmine, Lamprothorax, iv., 18 ; xill., 32. willcocksi, Indicator, xii., 11. willkonskui, Syrnium, vi., 6, 24. wilsoni, Chlorodrepanis, x., 90. , Glaucopis, x., 72. ——, Himatione, 1., 42. ——, CUistrelata, xii., 49. , Phalaropus, i., 55; iv., 6. wilstenholmei, Loxops, i., 56. wingatei, Siva, x., 38. wintoni, Macronyx, viii., 48. wolstenholmei, Loxops, iii., 42. woodfordi, Ardeirallus, iii., 4. , Corvus, xv., 21. ——, Erythrophoyx, iii., 38; v., 18. , Syrnium, vi., 47. woodhousei, Parmoptila, xiv., 78. Wood-Partridges, iv., 23. woodwardi, Bradyornis, v., 8. , Stactolema, v., 3. wortheni, Cistrelata, xii., 62. Xanthochlamys musgravianus, iv., 14. subalaris, iv., 14, 15. xanthochlamys, Pyromelana, xiii., 10. Xanthocnus flavicollis, iii., 37. gouldi, iii., 37. —— melas, iii., 37. nesophilus, iii., 37. 108 xanthogaster, Stiphrornis, xiv., 19. Xanthomelus ardens, iv., 14. aureus, iv., 14. xanthoprymna, Saxicola, x., 17. xanthops, Hyphantornis, x., 35. xanthoptera, Diphyllodes, v., 22. xanthopygia, Cryptolopha, 31. xanthopygius, Serinus, xiii., 21. xanthorhynchus, Turdus, xiii., 37. xanthosticta, Barbatula, x., 21. xanthostomus, Parus, i., 6. Xema sabinei, v., 21; xiv., 63. Xenicide, iv., 10. Xenicus, iv., 10. gilviventris, xv., 15, 16. —— longipes, xv., 15. —— stokesi, xv., 15. Xenocichla icterica, x., 27. kakamege, xi., 29. — leucoleema, xiii., 10. pallidigula, vii., 7. —— tephrolema, xi., 29. Xenopipo atronitens, x., 27. subalaris, x., 27. Xiphocolaptes major, vi., 20. yamakanensis, Harpactes, viii., 48. yamdene, Alcyone, xi., 65. yangpiensis, Yuhina, xiii., 12. yatei, Passer, xii., 83. yelkouanus, Puffinus, viii., 29; x., 48. yeniseensis, Remiza, xiv., 44. yerburyi, Myrmecocichla, iv., 37. younghusbandi, Cinelus, xv., 92. ypecaha, Aramides, vi., 9; vii., 43. Yuhina ampelina, xi., 12. diademata, xi., 12. nigrimentum, vi., 50. pallida, vi., 50. —— yangpiensis, xiii., 12. yunnanensis, Babax, xv., 96. ——, Certhia, xiii., 11. yunnanensis, Emberiza, xiii., 12. , Sitta, x., 37. zambesiana, Erythropygia, viii., 48. zanzibari, Dendropicus, x,, 38. zaphiroi, Sycobrotus, xiii., 22. Zapornia, i., 27. zarudnii, Ammomanes, xii., 43. zarudnyi, Ammomanes, xii., 43. Zebrilus, iii., 37. pumilus, v., 13. zeledoni, Canchroma, v., 12. Zeledonia, xi., 12. zena, Spindalis, xiii., 15. Zeocephus talautensis, iii., 46. zerafshanicus, Phasianus, xiv., 36, 37. Zodalia, vii., 29. zombee, Mirafra, xiii., 27. Zonerodius heliosylus, v., 12. zonura, Urubutinga, vi., 26. Zosterops anderssoni, i., 5. aureiloris, iv., 40. —— babelo, vii., 15. — cerulescens, x., 89. crassirostris, vi., 40. —— fuscicapilla, xiv., 61. habessinica, vi., 46. —— luzonica, iv., 22. natalis, vii., 23. —— neglecta, i., 26. —— nigrorum, iv., 22. palpebrosa, i., 26. alani, xv., 45. stejnegeri, xv., 45. senegalensis, i., 5. —— superciliaris, vi., 40. Zosterornis, iil., 50. dennistouni, v., 2. —— pygmeeus, vi., 18. striatus, iv., 2. — whiteheadi, iv., 2. BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS CLUB. Beyond the Reserve of Complete Sets of the Volumes of the Bulletin, a few Copies of the following separate Volumes and Parts may be had on Application to the Honorary Secretary :— VOLUMES |. TO XVII. The price of these Volumes is 6s. each, unbound, except Vols. II. and IX., the price of which is 2s. 6d. each. SEPARATE PARTS FROM LXXXIl. (OCT., 1901), TO “DATE: Most of these Parts can be supplied at the price of 1s. each, Applications should be addressed to— H. F. WITHERBY, 326, High Holborn, London. BULLETIN OF THE PREISH ORNITHOLOGISTS CLUB. EDITED BY 4 W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT. VOLUME XIX. SESSION 1906-1907. LON DON: WITHERBY & CO., 326 HIGH HOLBORN. | Vee | SEPTEMBER 1907. : PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET. ' PREFACE, —— Tut Meetings of the British Ornithologists’ Club held during the 15th Session have again been well attended, the total number of 387 attendances including 326 Members and 61 Visitors, showing an average of 43 per Meeting, and a slight increase over the previous Session. 1906. 1907. Total number of Members and Visitors. 885 387 Largest number on one evening ......... 73 72 The present volume contains an unusually large number of descriptions of interesting new species, which have been procured chiefly by the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, the members of the Ruwenzori Expedition, Dr. W. J. Ansorge, Mr. H. C. Robinson, Mr. Walter Goodfellow, and other well-known travellers. Volume XX., constituting the Report on the Immigrations of Summer Residents in the Spring of 1906, published in April 1907, will be found to contain a large number of interesting facts. The ornithological world has sustained an irreparable loss in the death of Prof. Alfred Newton, which took place at Cambridge on the 7th of June, 1907. His work will always remain, a lasting monument of his greatness, combining as it does an unrivalled knowledge with a scholarly method of treatment, and a delightful command of the English language rarely attained in works of the present day. (Signed) W. BR. OGILVIE-GRANT, Editor. August 8th, 1907. BE) Ly, a 4 : 7 ‘ > : ; vs ° pe . ; : b ‘ ‘ 9 *. A i 3 ’ , , » eo t 4 - - id : + ’ ~ " y * . ' §) a y ne x os RULES OF THE BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB, (As amended, 17th January, 1906.) I. This Club was founded for the purpose of facilitating the social intercourse of Members of the British Ornithologists’ Union. Any Member of that Union can become a Member of this Club on payment (to the Treasurer) of an entrance fee of One Pound and a subscription of Five Shillings for the current Session. Resignation of the Union involves resignation of the Club. II. Members who have not paid their subscriptions before the last Meeting of the Session, shall cease, ipso facto, to be Members of the Club, but may be reinstated on payment of arrears, and a new entrance fee. III. Members of the British Ornithologists’ Union may be introduced as Visitors at the Meetings of the Club, but every Member of the Club who introduces a Member of the B. O. U. as a Visitor (to dinner or to the Meeting afterwards) shall pay One Shilling to the Treasurer, on each occasion. IV. The Club shall meet, as a rule, on the Third Wednesday in every Month, from October to June inclusive, at such hour and place as may be arranged by the Committee. At these Meetings papers upon ornithological subjects shall be read, specimens exhibited, and discussion invited. VI V. An Abstract of the Proceedings of the B.O.C. shall be printed as soon as possible after each Meeting, under the title of the ‘Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club,’ and distributed gratis to every Member who has paid his subscription. Copies of this Bulletin shall be published and sold at One Shilling each. VI. The affairs of this Club shall be managed by a Committee, to consist of the Editors of ‘The Ibis,’ the Editor of the ‘Bulletin,’ and the Secretary and Treasurer, ex officio ; with three other Members, one of whom shall be changed every year. The Committee shall have power to make and alter Bye-laws. COMMITTEE 1906-1907. . L. Scrater, F.R.S., Editor of ‘The Ibis, Chairman. . R. Oeitvis-Grant, Editor of the ‘ Bulletin, . F. Witrnersy, Secretary and Treasurer. . H. Evans, Editor of ‘ The Ibis. . G. B. Mreape-Watpo, Vice-Chairman. . Bowoier Suarre, LL.D., Vice-Chairman. . SETH-SMITH. peor s LIST OF MEMBERS. JUNE 1907. ALEXANDER, Boryp; Wilsley, Cranbrook, Kent. Artin, OttveR Vernon; Bloxham, Banbury, Oxon. AnuNnDEL, Major W. B.; High Ackworth, Pontefract. Asusy, H.; Oakwood Lodge, Chandler’s Ford, near Southampton. - Baur, P. H.; London Hospital, E. Baxer, E. C. Sruart; care of Messrs. H.S. King & Co., 65 Cornhill, E.C, Baxer, Dr. J. C.; Ceely House, Aylesbury. Barctay, Huen Gorney; Colney Hall, Norwich. Barrert-Hamitton, Captain Greratp E. H.; Kilmanock House, Arthurstown, Waterford. Barriveton, Ricuarp Mantirre; Fassaroe, Bray, Co. Wicklow. Browett, H.; 1 Trig Lane, Upper Thames Street, London, H.C. Bryewam, Lieut.-Col. C. T.; 6 Gwendwr Road, West Kensington, W. Braavw, F. E., C.M.Z.S. ; Gooilust, s’Graveland, Noord-Holland. Bonnorr, Joun Lewis; Gadespring Lodge, Hemel Hempstead, Herts. Boorman, S.; Heath Farm, Send, Woking, Surrey. Boora, H. B.; 40 Spring Royd, Shipley, Yorks. Braprorp, Dr. J. Ross, F.R.S.; 8 Manchester Square, W. Bristow, B. A.; The Cottage, Stoke D’Abernon, Cobham, Surrey. BrockHoutes, W. Firzuersert; Claughton-on-Brock, Garstang, Lancashire. Burrerrietp, W. C0. J. Ruskin; 4 Stanhope Place, St. Leonards-on- Sea. Burrress, B, A. E.; Craft Hill, Dry Drayton, Cambridge. CampBeti, C. W.; British Legation, Peking. Cuapman, ABEL; Houxty, Wark-on-Tyne. Cuarke, Capt. Goranp van Horr, D.S.0.; Brook House, Hayward’s Heath, Sussex. CrarKe, Lieut.-Col. SrepHenson Rozerr; Borde Hill, Cuckfield, Sussex. ; Crarks, Wittiam Kaetr; Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh. Corus, Ricarp Epwarp; Ashley Arnewood, Lymington, Hants. VIII Cottier, Cartes ; Cliveden House, 21 Eaton Terrace, S.W. Crawrorp, F.C.; 19 Royal Terrace, Edinburgh. Crossman, AtAN F.; care of F.Sharman, 47 Goldington Road, Bedford. Crow ey, J. C.; 5 Beech House Road, Croydon. Crownry, Reetnatp A.; Foord’s Farm, Vines Cross, Heathfield, Sussex. Curtis, Freperick, F.R.C.8.; Lyndens, Redhill, Surrey. DaxeteisH, Joun J.; Brankston Grange, Bogside Station, Stirling, iN hs: Davipson, J.; 382 Drumsheugh Gardens, Edinburgh. Ds Winton, W. E.; Orielton, Pembroke. Dossin, James B.; 2 Hailes Street, Edinburgh. Dosiz, WittiAm Henry, M.R.C.S.; 2 Hunter Street, Chester. Dresser, Hnnry Ertes; 110 Cannon Street, E.C. Drewirrt, Dr. F. D.; 14 Palace Gardens Terrace, Kensington, W. Dorure, Lt.-Colonel W. H. M.; The Presbytery, North Berwick. Durron, Rev. & Hon, Canon; Bibury, Fairford. Fartr, Epwarp V.; Franks, Farningham, Kent. Ex.ior, Epmunp A. 8., M.R.C.S.; Woodville, Kingsbridge, 8. Devon. Extson, Rey. Attan; Ardoyne House, Watton, Herts. Etwes, Henry Joun, F.R.S.; Colesborne Park, Cheltenham. Evans, AnrHuR Humsiz, M.A.; 9 Harvey Road, Cambridge. Ewen, Guy L’Esrranez; 1 Claremont Road, Windsor. Fenwick, E. N. F.; Oxford and Cambridge Club, Pall Mall, 8.W. Fryuiyson, Horace W.; Gore Court, Sittingbourne, Kent. Finn, Franx; 29 Chalcot Crescent, Primrose Hill, N.W. Frower, Capt. 8. 8.; Ghizeh Zoological Gardens, Cairo, Egypt. Forses, Henry Oce, LL.D.; Director of Public Museums, Liverpool. Fosrer, Nevin H.; Hillsborough, Co. Down, Ireland. Fowrer, W. Waror, M.A.; Lincoln College, Oxford. Frouawk, F. W.; Ashmount, Rayleigh, Essex. GainsporoueH, The Earl of; Campden House, Campden, Glouces- tershire. Garnett, CHartes; 9 Cleveland Gardens, Hyde Park, W. Grrrarp, Joun; Worsley, Manchester. Gisson, Ernest; 105 Cadogan Gardens, 8.W. Gitterr, Frep.; 28 Beaufort Gardens, 8.W. Gittman, A. l.; 5 Fellows Road, Hampstead, N.W. Gitroy, Norman; 95 Claremont Road, Forest Gate, Essex. GopmaAN, Freperick DuCanr, D.C.L., F.R.S. (President B.O.U.) ; 45 Pont Strect, 8. W. Ix Goopatt, J. M.; 52 Oxford Gardens, North Kensington, W. Goopcuitp, H.; 66 Gloucester Road, Regent’s Park, N.W. GoopreLLow, WattER; Montrose, New Park Road, West Southborne, Hants. Govurp, F. H, Carruruers; Matham Manor House, East Molesey. Grirriva, ArrHuR F.; 59 Montpelier Road, Brighton. Ginrtuer, Dr. Atpert C. L. G., F.R.S.; 2 Lichfield Road, Kew Gardens, S.W. Gurney, JoHN Henry; Keswick Hall, Norwich. Haicu, Grorcze Henry Caron; Grainsby Hall, Great Grimsby, Lincolnshire. Hatr, Rey. James R.; Burvill, South Darenth, Kent. Harineton, Capt. H. H.; care of Messrs. Cook and Son, Rangoon, Burma. Harrert, Ernst, Ph.D.; The Museum, Tring, Herts. Harviz-Brown, Joun A.; Dunipace House, Larbert, Stirlingshire, N.B. Hawker, R. M.; Bath Club, Dover Street, W. Heaptey, F. W.; Haileybury College, Hertfordshire. Hetimayr, C. E.; Zoologische Sammlung des Staats, Alte Akademie, Munchen, Germany. Herr, G.§.; 16 Palace Gardens Mansions, Notting Hill Gate, W. Horsrietp, Herperr Knigur; Crescent Hill, Filey, Yorkshire. Hosn, Cuartzs, D.Sc.; Baram, Sarawak, Borneo. Howarp, Ropert James; Shearbank, Blackburn, Lancashire. Hopson, Wittram Henry; Tower House, St. Luke’s Road, West- bourne Park, W. Ineram, Cortinewoon; The Bungalow, Westgate-on-Sea. Jackson, F. J., C.B., C.M.G.; The Red House, Aldeburgh, Suffolk. Jones, Major H.; East Wickham House, Welling, Kent. Jourparn, Rev. F. C. R.; Clifton Vicarage, Ashburn, Derbyshire. Joy, Norman H.; Bradfield, near Reading. Ketso, J. E. H., M.B.; 12 Festing Road, Southsea, Hants. Kanwar, Norman B.; 12 Grosvenor Crescent, Edinburgh. La Toucue, J. D.; The Imperial Maritime Customs, Shanghai, China. Laiptaw, Taomas Grpprs ; Bank of Scotland Branch, Perth, N.B. Laneron, Hersert; 11 Marlborough Place, Brighton. LascettEs, Hon. Geratp; King’s House, Lyndhurst, Hants. Learoyp, A. H.; Brandsby Hall, Easingwold, Yorks. Lopez, G. E.; 5 Thurloe Studios, Thurloe Square, S. Kensington, S.W. x Lown, Dr. P. R.; care of Sir Frederic Johnstone, Bart., The Hatch, Windsor. Lorn, Lt.-Colonel Arraur Purvis ; Hurst Lodge, Sunningdale. Lucas, The Lord; 7 Cleveland Row, S.W. Lynrs, Commander Husnrr; 23 Onslow Gardens, S.W. McConnett, F. V.; Camfield, Hatfield. Macpurrson, Artaur Hotre; 54 Cleveland Square, Hyde Park, W. Maeratu, Major H. A. F.; care of Messrs. King & Co., 9 Pall Mall, S.W. Marsuatt, A. McLuan; Bleaton Hallet, Blairgowrie, N.R. MarsHatt, James McLean; Bleaton Hallet, Blairgowrie, N.B. Mason, Colonel E. 8. ; 20 Minster Yard, Lincoln. Maxwett, Rt. Hon. Sir Herserr E., Bart., M.P., P.C., F.R.S.; 22-23 Cumberland Mansions, W. Meave-Watpo, Epmunp Gustavus Bioomrietp (Vice-Chairman) ; Stonewall Park, Edenbridge, Kent. Mittais, Joan Guitte; Comptons Brow, Horsham. Mitts, Rev. H. Hotroyp; The Rectory, St. Stephen-in-Brannell, Grampound Road, Cornwall. Mowro, H. C., C.B.; Queen Anne’s Mansions, 8.W. Montacu, Hon. E. 8., M.P.; 12 Kensington Palace Gardens, W. Monn, P. W.; The Green, Laverstoke, Whitchurch, Hants. Mont, Henry; 83 Kensington Gardens Square, W. Musrrrs, J. P. C.; Annesley Park, Nottingham. Nesuam, Roperr; Utrecht House, Queen’s Road, Clapham Park, S.W. Neumann, Oscar; care of Dr. A. Reichenow, Museum fiir Natur- kunde, Invaliden Strasse, Berlin, No. 4. Newman, T. H.; Newlands, Harrowdene Road, Wembley, Middlesex. Nicuots, J. B.; Parliament Mansions, Victoria Street, S.W. Nicuorson, F.; The Knoll, Windermere. Nicort, Micuarn J.; Ghizeh Zoological Gardens, Cairo, Egypt. Nostz, Heattzy; Temple Combe, Henley-on-Thames. O«itvin, Frercus Mrnterra ; The Shrubbery, 72 Woodstock Road, Oxford. Oattvie-Grant, W. R. (Editor) ; 29 Elvaston Place, 8.W. Parkin, Tuomas; Fairseat, High Wickham, Hastings. Prarse, Torep; Mentmore, Ampthill Road, Bedford. Pearson, CHARLES Epwarp ; Hillcrest, Lowdham, Nottingham. Prarson, Henry J.; Bramcote, Beeston, Notts. XI Penrose, Francis G., M.D.; Wick House, Downton, Salisbury. Puitires, E. Lort; 79 Cadogan Square, S.W. Pieorr, Sir Taomas Diesy, K.C.B.; The Lodge, Lower Sheringham. Pixs, T. M.; care of R. H. Porter, 7 Princes Street, Cavendish Square, W. PorpHam, Hueu Luysorne; 14 Arlington Street, St. James’s, S.W. Price, A. E.; 61 Great Cumberland Place, W. Proctor, Major F. W.; Downfield, Maidenhead. Pycrart, W. P.; Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, S.W. Ramsay, Colonel R. G. Warptaw; Whitehill, Rosewell, Mid- Lothian, N.B. Rarcrirr, F. R.; 24 Lancaster Gate, Hyde Park, W. Rawson, Hersert Evetyn; Comyn Hill, Ilfracombe. Reap, Roprrr H.; Camelot, South Parade, Bedford Park, W. Re, Capt. Savitz G. (late R.E.); The Elms, Yalding, Maidstone. Renavt, W. E.; 15 Grafton Square, Clapham, 8.W. Riexert, C. B.; Upton House, Lostwithiel, Cornwall. Rippon, Colonel G.; 89th Punjabis, Mandalay, Upper Burma. Roruscaitp, Hon. L. Watrer, D.Sc., M.P.; The Museum, 'I'ring, Herts. Roruscaitp, Hon. N. Cuartes; Tring Park, Herts. Sr. Quintin, W. H.; Scampston Hall, Rillington, Yorkshire. SapswortH, Arno~tp Dvuer; Royal Societies Club, St. James’s Street, S.W. SareEaunt, ArtHur Sr. Grorce; 83 Madeley Road, Haling, W. Sareunt, Jamus; 76 Jermyn Street, St. James’s, S.W. SaunpeErs, Howarp; 7 Radnor Place, Hyde Park, W. SaunpErs, W. H. Rapctrrre ; 79 Warwick Road, 8.W. SCHERREN, Henry; 9 Cavendish Rvad, Harringay, N. Scuwann, Grorrrey; 4 Prince’s Gardens, S.W. Scawann, Harorn; Portiscliff, Ferryside, South Wales. ScratER, Purr Luriey, D.Sc., F.R.S. (Chairman) ; Odiham Priory, Winchfield, Hants ; and Athenzeum Club, London, 8.W. Scrater, Witt1am Lurrey; Box 1207, Colorado Springs, Colorado, U.S.A. Setous, Frepsrick Courrenry ; Heatherside, Worplesdon, Surrey. Seru-SurrH, Davin; 14 Canning Road, Addiscombe. SuarMan, Freperic; 47 Goldington Road, Bedford. Sarre, R. Bownter, LL.D. (Vice-Chairman); Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, 8.W. Suetiey, Captain G. Ervusr ; 39 Egerton Gardens, 8.W. XII Sorry, A. I.; The College, Durham. Stater, Rev. Henry H.; Oldbury Farm House, Ightham, Sevenoaks. Sparrow, Major R.; Rookwoods, Sible Hedingham, Essex. Srares, J. W. C.; Porchester, Hants. Sruppy, Colonel Roprrr Wrieut ; Waddeton Court, Brixham, Devon. Sryan, F. W.; Ben Craig, Bayham Road, Sevenoaks. SwinHor, Colonel C.; 19 Cecil Court, Redcliffe Gardens, S.W. TrenrMereR, Witt1am Brernaarp; 16 Alexandra Grove, North Finchley, N. Tennant, Sir Epwarp P., Bart.; 34 Queen Anne’s Gate, S.W. Terry, Major Horacr A.; The Lodge, Upper Halliford, Shepperton. THorsurn, AncurpaLp ; High Leybourne, Hascombe, Godalming, TrceHurst, Craup B., M.B.; Guy’s Hospital, 8.E. Trcrnvuxst, N. F., F.R.C.S. ; 35 Pevensey Road, St. Leonards-on-Sea. Townsrenp, R. G.; Buckholt, Dean, Salisbury. Trevor-Barryzr, Ausyn B. R.; Chilbolton, Stockbridge, R.8.0., Hants. Urcuer, Henry Morris; East Hall, Feltwell, Brandon, Norfolk. Ussuer, R. J.; Cappagh House, Cappagh, 8.0., Co. Waterford. Watts, H. M.; Ashton Lodge, Christchurch Road, Reading. Watton, Captain H., I.M.S.; care of Messrs. H. 8. King & Co., 65 Cornhill, E.C. Warkins, Watkin; Highfield, Harrow. Wuiraxer, Josepu I. 8.; Malfitano, Palermo, Sicily. Wuire, 8. J.; Oakwood, Crayford, Kent. Wuymerr, Caartes; 7 James Street, Haymarket, 8.W. Witxinson, Jounson ; St. George’s Square, Huddersfield, Yorkshire. Witi1ams, Lionet A.; Isthmian Club, Piccadilly, W. Witson, Cuartes JosppH; 34 York Terrace, N.W. Witson, Dr. E. A.; Westal, Cheltenham. Wuson, Scorr B.; Heather Bank, Weybridge Heath, Surrey. Wrruersy, Harry F. (Secretary and Treasurer) ; 11 Hereford Man- sions, Hereford Road, W. Wottasron, A. F. R.; 19 Upper Gloucester Place, Dorset Square, NW. Workman, Wittiam Huaeues; Lismore, Windsor, Belfast. Wrieut, Coartes A.; Kayhough, Kew Gardens Road, Kew, 8.W. Yersury, Colonel J. W. ; Army and Navy Club, 8.W. [Members are requested to keep the Secretary informed of any changes in their addresses. | LIST OF AUTHORS AND OTHER PERSONS REFERRED TO. Arisa, Marquis of. Reply as to quarrying operations at Ailsa Craig, 62, ALEXANDER, Boyp. A short account of his three years’ journey across Africa, 46. ——. Exhibition of six new species:—Cryptospiza sharper, Callene lopext, Bathmedona talboti, Erythropygia collsi, Caprimulgus claudi, and Caprimulgus goslingt, 46-47. —-. Description of a new species of Calamocichla, 63. ——. I[ixhibition of three new species :—Mirafra cranbrooki, Trocho- cercus kibaliensis, and Sycobrotus herberti, 88. —. Descriptions of two new species of African birds, Cisticola petrophila and Amadina sudanensis, 104. Baur, P. H. Exhibition of Lantern-slides, 65-66. —. KExhibition of the mode in which the “drumming” of the Snipe is produced, 72, 73. Brmwett, EK. Exhibition of Lantern-slides, 67. On the Common Heron nesting on the fountain in Kew Gardens, 86. Braauw, Ff. EH. Remarks on abnormally coloured Wild Geese; a curious variety of the Linnet; and on two hybrid Ducks, 71. —. Remarks on the breeding of Sarciophorus pectoralis in captivity, 102-104. ' Bonnore, J. L. On behalf of Mr. F. Smalley exhibited a specimen of the Common Eider, showing a V-shaped mark under the chin, 80. Bucxnit1z, Joun A. See Ocitviz-Grant, W. R., 108. Bunyarp, P. F. Exhibition of a pair of Grey-headed Wagtails together with their nest and eggs, taken at Rye, Sussex, 23. ——. Exhibition of Lantern-slides, 66. BurTERFIELD, W. R. Exhibition of a male specimen of the Black Lark (Melanocorypha yeltoniensis) from Rye, Sussex, 59. ——. KExhibition of a pale variety of the Redwing from Sussex, 59. XIV Cuunp, Cuarrnrs. See SHARPE, R. Bownier, 34, 63. CLarkr, W. Eacur. On the results of his and Mr. Norman B. Kinnear’s investigations on the migratory movements of birds observed at Fair Isle, 18. —. Exhibition of Terns obtained by the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition, 18. ——. Exhibition of birds new to the British Fauna :—Phylloscopus tristis from Suliskerry and Hirundo rufula from Fair Isle, 18. Cray, Sir AkTHUR. See OGILviE-Grant, W. R., 42. Dorrien-Suitu, Capt. ARTHUR. See GriFFiTH, A. F., 7 Dresser, H. E. On behalf of Mr. S. A. Buturlin exhibited and made remarks on examples of nine species of Siberian birds, 43. —. Exhibition of young in down of Rhodostethia rosea, Tringa maculata, and Limosa nove zealandie from N.E. Siberia, 109. Farren, W. Exhibition of Lantern-slides, 66. Gipson, E. Exhibition of a partial albino Hangnest (Trupialis defilippit) from Buenos Ayres, 45. GoopFELLOwW, WALTER. Account of his expedition to New io 100-102. GnrirFitH, A. F. Exhibition, on behalf of Captain A. Dorrien-Smith, of a specimen of the Greater Yellowshanks from the Scilly Isles, 7 HaaGner, Atwin. See OGitvie-Grant, W. R., 22-25, Hatr, Rev. J. R. Remarks on a Merlin utilizing the last year’s nest of a Hooded Crow, 21. Harrert, E. Remarks on nests of Goldcrest and Firecrest in which Cuckoos had deposited their eggs, 22. . ——. Exhibition and description of a new species (Larvivora ruficeps) from N. China, 50. ——. Exhibition of specimens of Larvivora obscura, Berez. & Bianchi, and Calliope davidi, Oustalet, 50. —-. Exhibition and description of a new Flycatcher from New Guinea, 51. ——. Exhibition of an example of a new subspecies of Ammodromus, 73. ——. Description of new genera, species, and subspecies of African birds :—Xenocopsychus ansorgei, Certhilauda albofasciata eriks- soni, C. a. obscurata, Mirafra hypermetra gallarum, Serinus striolatus grauert, Turdinus moloneyanus tboensis, 81-85. ——. Remarks on the subspecies of Mirafra africana, 92-94. —. A correction: ye a bal “ne ache ae y 7 ON PR at Tear oP ) a + eo | tt aes AS ae ey, vale Aas in Fah el a BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH’ ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB: No. CXXXII. Tue hundred and thirty-first Meeting of the Club was held at the Restaurant Frascati, 32 Oxford Street, on Wednesday, the 20th of March, 1907. Chairman: R. Bownter Soares, LL.D. Members present :—Boyp Atuxanoemr, P. H. Banr, E. Bro- WELL, Colonel C. T. Brncuam, J. L. Bonnors, 8S. Boorman, H. B. Boorn, W. Firznersert-Brocknoies, C. Coriier, Lt.-Colonel W. H. M. Dururs, E. V. Harte, H. J. Exwes, F.R.S., F. W. Fronawk, HE. Grason, F. Giutert, N. Gi- roy, J. M. Goopatt, H. Goopcuiyp, HE. Harrerr, Ph.D., C. HK. He.ttmayr, J. E. H. Ketso, M.B., G. E. Lopes, Lord Lucas, A. MclL. Marsnatzt, J. Mchl. Marsnatt, E. G. B. Meapr-Watpo, E. 8. Monvacu, M.P., H.C. Munro, C.B., H. Munt, T. H. Newman, W. R. Ocitvie-Grant (Editor), Turrp Pearse, C. EH. Pearson, H. J. Pearson, | A. E. Priczt, R. H. Reap, W. E. Renaut, J. Sarcent, H. Scuwann, D. Sera-Smirn, F. Searman, J. Srares, Major Horace Terry, C. B. Ticznurst, H. M. Wattis, J. Witxinson, H. F. Wirnersy (Secretary and Treasurer). Visitors :—T. FitzHersert-Brockuo tes, H. T. Brooks, P. F. Bunyarp, R. B. Camppent, Sir Epwarp Duranp, Bart., C. E. Facan, W. Farren, J. C. Forp, A. B. Gixxer, H. Gronvotp, G. M. Hezpezs, 8. Jones, Earl of Lyrroy,_. ore, [March 30th, 1907.] Ot saaeian \nsttaties My | APRLO i3SUl Vol. xix.] 62 G. M. Maruews, G. Mrapr-Watpo, D. H. Mearss, H. Par- sons, E. Penton, Lord Wituram Percy, R. I. Pocock, J. B. Sarcent, G. Scuwann, Pexcy Smytu, G. WiTHERBY. With reference to the quarrying operations on Ailsa Craig referred toin the last number of the ‘ Bulletin,’ the following letter was read from the Marquis of Arisa :— “The Marquis of Ailsa has duly received the copy of the ‘ Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club,’ forwarded by the Editor at the request of the Members of the Club, and with reference to the paragraph on page 56 respecting quarrying operations on Ailsa Craig, Lord Ailsa writes to assure the Editor that the Hon. Walter Rothschild and the Members of the British Ornithologists’ Club need have no fear that such operations will be a grave danger to the birds breeding there.” “65 Lancaster Gate, W., 8th March, 1907.” Mr. C. E. Hetimayr described and exhibited examples of two new Spine-tailed Swifts from South America, and proposed to call them CHATURA CHAPMANI, sp. 0. C. cinereicauda, Hartert (nec Cass.), Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xvi. p. 482 (1892) (Rio, errore!). Adult. Nearest to C. pelagica (Linn.) from the Eastern United States, the spines of the tail-feathers being much elongated, as in that species, but it differs in having tle pileum and mantle black glossed with steel-blue (instead of sooty brown) ; the throat smoky brown, like the rest of the underparts (not clear whitish), and the rump and upper tail-coverts rather paler. Wing 120; tail 48; bill 55 mm.. Hab. Island of Trinidad and Cayenne. Type in the Tring Museum: ¢ ad., No. 60645. Caparo, Trinidad, 27. i. 94. Obtained by Mr. F. M. Chapman. Obs. There are three specimens from ‘Trinidad (Caparo and Valencia) in the Tring Museum and two in the British Museum. The latter, though labelled ‘“ Brazil,’ are of the unmistakable Cayenne-make, and differ only from the 63 Wolly xabe, former in being slightly smaller. This species is the bird identified as C’. cinereicauda (Cass.) both by Dr. Sclater and by Dr. Hartert. Mr. Witmer Stone, however, to whom I forwarded one of our Trinidad skins as well as specimens of C. andrei, Berl. & Hart., and C. brachyura (Jard.), informs me that Cassin’s types unquestionably belong to the last- named species. CHA&TURA ANDREI MERIDIONALIS, subsp. n. Adult. Similar in coloration to C. a. andrei, Berl. & Hart., but with much longer wings and tail and a larger bill. The underparts are perhaps a shade lighter. Wing 128-135 ; tail 39-42 ; bill 5-6 mm. Hab. Argentina: Ocampo, on the Rio Parand, and in the Province of Santiago. South Brazil: States of Rio de Janeiro, 8. Paulo, and Mattogrosso. Type in the Tring Museum: ¢ ad., No. 3976. Proviice of Santiago, Argentina, 2. 11. 06. Procured by Mr. L. Dinelli. Obs. Ten specimens from the above localities, belonging to the Vienna and Tring Museums, have been examined. Mr. Boyp AtexanpeR described a new species of Calamocichla as follows :— CaLAMOCICHLA CHADENSIS, Sp. 0. 3d ad. C. similis C. leptorhynche, sed subtus conspicue dilutior, gastrzeo toto albido, hypochondriis quoque albidis, vix cinereo lavatis; tibiis tamen rufescenti- brununeis ; subcaudalibus albis; remigibus intus fulves- centi-albis. Long. tot. c. 6°9 poll., culm. 0°9, ale 3:0, caudee 2°75, tarsi 1-2. 9 ad. Mari similis. Long. tot. c. 6:3 poll., ale 2°85. Hab. Lake Chad. On behalf of Mr. C. Cuuss, Dr. SHarpz exhibited a specimen of an apparently new species of Sisopygis from Bolivia. Mr. Chubb proposed to call it SISOPYGIS HELLMAYRI, Sp. 0. 3 ad. 8. similis S. icterophryi (Vieill.), sed minor, tectrici- bus alarum medianis et majoribus et secundarus mtimuis Vol. xix.] 64 albido (nee grisescenti-albido) late marginatis ; super- cillis et gastro toto sulphureis, preepectore et pectore summo longitudinaliter fuscescenti-nigro striolatis ; iride brunnea; rostro et pedibus nigris. Long. tot. c. 5°9 poll., culm. 0°65, alee 3°4, caudze 2°45, tarsi 0°75. Hab. Bolivia. Type in the British Museum: 6, Tapacari, Bolivia, 23. i. 01. Procured by P. O. Simons. Referring to Mr. C. B. Ticehurst’s notes on the occurrence of the Black Lark [Melanocorypha yeltoniensis (Forst.)| in Sussex [c¢f. Bull. B.O. C. xix. no. cxxxi. p. 57 (1907)], Count Satvapori pointed out that Bonelli (Cat. Ois. Piem. pp. 1-3) had reported the occurrence of this species in Piedmont in 1808. The specimen had not been preserved, but Bonelli had made a drawing of it, which though unpublished, was preserved in the Museum at Turin. The Hon. Watrer Roruscuixtp forwarded a note pointing out that the Parrot which he had described as new under the name of Conurus canibuccalis in the last number of the ‘ Bulletin’ proved to be Conurus weddellii, Deville. The following Lantern-slides were then exhibited :— By Mr. KE. G. B. Mrapr-Watpo, a series of slides taken during his voyage with the Earl of Crawford on the ‘Valhalla, R.Y.S. The subjects were as follows :— On Dassen Island,*Cape Colony :— 1. Cape Cormorants (Phalacrocorax capensis) and Sacred lbises Jbis ethiopica). . Breeding-colony of Cape Cormorants. . Young of Sacred Ibis. . Wahlberg’s Cormorant (P. neglectus), locally known as the ‘ Bank Duiker.’ 5-12. Various views of a rookery of Jackass-Penguins (Spheniscus demersus). me & On Assumption Island :— 13. Red-footed Gannetis (Sula piscator) nesting. | : 65 [Vol. xix. On Aldabra Island :— 14. Group of Abbott’s Ibis (éts abbotit). On Mayotte Island :— 15. Virgin forest, the home of a rare Dove (Alectrenas sganzint). On Mahé, Seychelles Islands :— 16. A Cascade, the home of Alectrenas pulcherrimus. On South Trinidad :— 17 & 18. White Terns (Gygis crawfordt) . 19. Red-footed Gannets. 20. Forest of Tree-ferns. By Mr. P. H. Baur, a very fine series of slides were exhibited, including the following subjects taken in America and in the British Islands :— North America :— 1-14. A series of remarkable photographs showing Ospreys (Pandivn haliaétus) feeding their young, &e. 15-19. Illustrating the nesting-habits and mode of fishing of the Black Skimmer (Rhynchops nigra). 20. Spotted Sandpiper (Tringoides macularia) at its nest. 21. Kildeer Plover (4gialitis vociferus) on its nest. 22 & 23. American Cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus), young in first plumage. 24. Red-eyed Vireo (Vireo olivaceus) on its nest. 25. Field-Sparrow (Spizella pusilla) feeding its young on a man’s hand. British Islands :— 26-28. Red-throated Diver (Colymbus septentrionalis) on its nest. 29-33. Common Guillemots (Uria ftroile), Bridled Guillemots (Uria troile var. ringvia), &c. Vol. xix.] 66 34-89. Common Gull (Larus canus), Black-headed Gull (LZ. ridibundus), and Herring-Gull (L. argen- tatus) on their nests. 40 & 41. Young Heron (Ardea cinerea) climbing back to its nest. 42. Red-necked Phalarope (Phalaropus hyperboreus) on its nest. 43. A pair of Red-necked Phalaropes on the water. Mr. Wivuiam Farren, introduced by Mr. E. S. Montagu, showed a number of slides, which were very greatly admired. The series included photographs of the following species, which had been taken as the birds were in the act of approaching their nests or settling on their eggs :— 1-5. Common Snipe (Gallinago gallinago). 6-8. Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) . 9-11. Ringed Plover (4igialitis hiaticola). 12-14, Kentish Plover (gialitis alewandrina). 15-21. Stone-Curlew (Cidicnemus wdicnemus). 22-25. Redshank ( Totanus calidris). 26, 27. Pochard (Nyroca ferina). 28-32. Tufted Duck (Fuligula cristata). 33-40. Great Crested Grebe (Podicipes cristatus). 41. Great Bustard (Otis tarda): the last of the male birds mtroduced into Norfolk. Mr. P. F. Bunyarp (introduced by Mr. J. M. Goodall) showed the following slides :— 1. Nest and eggs of the Whimbrel (Nuwmenius pheopus). 2 & 3. Young in down of the Purple Sandpiper (Zringa maritima) . 4. Nests and eggs of the Sandwich Tern (Sterna cantiaca). . Nest and eggs of the Red-throated Diver (Colymbus septentrionalis) . 6. Nest and young of the Dartford Warbler (Melizo- philus undatus). . Nesting-box used for the Starling in the Faroe Islands. oI me 67 [ Vol. xix. Mr. E. Browetx exhibited four slides taken by Mr. Thomas Tait showing Black-headed Gulls (L. ridibundus) in the act of flight and settling on their nests. The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 17th of April, 1907, at the Restaurant Frascati, 32 Oxford Street ; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, - at 326 High Holborn, W.C. [N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the Hditor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publication. | (Signed) R. Bowpier Suarez, W.R.Ocinvin-Grant, H.F. Wiruersy, Chairman. Editor. Sec. & Treas, : BULLETIN OF THE Delish ORNITHOLOGISTS:. CLUB. No. CXXXIII. Tue hundred and thirty-second Meeting of the Club was held at the Restaurant Frascati, 32 Oxford Street, on Wednesday, the 17th of April, 1907. Chairman: P. L. Scuatsr, F.R.S. Members present :—P.H. Baur, E. Binowett, F. E. Buaauw, J. L. Bonsotr, H. E. Dresser, E. V. Earnie, H. W. Finuryson, F..W. Fronawk, J. Gerrarp, EH. Gipson, F. GitteTt, H. Goopcuitp, Rev. J. R. Hatz, E. Harrerr, Ph.D., C. EH. Hettmayr, E. G. B. Meapz-Watpo, T. H. Newman, W. R. Oeitvie-Grant (Editor), Tarep Prarss, C. HE. Pearson, H. J. Pearson, F. G. Penrose, M.D., Major, F. W. Proctor, W. P. Pycrarr, Hon. Watrer Roruscuixp, Ph.D., M.P., H. Scnurren, H. Scuwann, F. C. Sstovs, D. Sera-Smira, F. Suarman, R. Bowptur Saarre, LL.D., C. B. Ticrnvurst, N. F. Ticrnurst, F.R.C.S., H. M. Watts, L. A. Wituiams, H. F. Wiruersy (Secretary and Treasurer). Visitors :—C. M. Bucxtry, L. Heck, Ph.D., G. Scuwann, W. Waker, L. Wunperticu, Ph.D. The CuairmaAN announced that the British Ornithologists’ Club had been honoured by an invitation from the Seventh International Zoological Congress to appoint delegates to attend the Meeting to be held at Boston, U.S.A., on August [April 29th, 1907. ] » [On yp eey Rh ay Ae Pe Vol. xix. ] 70 the 19th, 1907. Any members of the Club who intended to be present at the Congress were requested to send in their names to the Secretary (Mr. H. F. Witherby) at their earliest convenience. Dr. Sctaterr stated that since he had had the honour of taking the chair at the February meeting he had made a short excursion to Egypt, and had passed eighteen days there, mainly in the pleasant company of his friends Capt. Stanley Flower, the Director, and Mr. M. J. Nicoll, the Assistant Director of the Zoological Gardens, Giza. The Gardens were in excellent order, and had become one of the most popular resorts of Cairo. There was a fine series of birds, and among them were three examples of the Shoe-billed Stork (Baleniceps rex) which appeared to be in good health. The Gardens were inhabited by many Kites (Milvus egyptius) and Hooded Crows (Corvus cornix), which at this time of the year were busily engaged in nesting. Mr. Nicoll spent all his spare time in collecting birds and had already obtained about 120 specimens. Dr. Sclater had accompanied him on three excursions in the neighbourhood of the Pyramids of Giza, when 26 specimens of 14 different species had been obtained. The most common birds at this time of year were perhaps the White Wagtail (Motacilla alba) and the Red-throated Pipit (Anthus cervinus). The Courser (Cursorius gallicus) was found in small flocks near the edge of the desert. The Short-toed Lark (Calandrella brachydactyla) was also common in flocks, and one example of the smaller species (C. minor) had been obtained. Mr. F. E. Biaauw made the following remarks :— “ (1) As it is not usual for the European species of wild Geese to present abnormally coloured plumages, I wish to record the occurrence of a curious variety of the Bean-Goose (Anser segetum) which I received alive in February. “The general colouring of the bird is of a pale yellowish- 71 [ Vol. xix. buff. The head and neck are light cinnamon. ‘The upper- parts, especially the tail- and flight-feathers, which are lighter in colour, are of a yellowish-white or pale buff. On the mantle there are a few darker feathers at the base of the neck and also a few white ones. The underside is yellowish- buff, becoming white on the belly. The sides are a little darker with the usual markings, but of a paler shade: similar markings appear on most of the light-coloured feathers elsewhere. “The legs are of a pale orange colour, likewise the bill, but those parts which are black in a normally coloured bird are greyish in this specimen. “The bird, which is alive at the present time, was caught in @ decoy in the Netherlands. (2) In March I had an opportunity of seeing a live speci- men of a curious variety of the Linnet (Linota cannabina), which had been caught in the province of Gelderland in October, 1906. It presented the usual markings of a Linnet, but was of a silvery-grey all over without a trace of brown, the forehead and breast having a slight reddish tinge. (3) Two curious hybrid Ducks were caught in the autumn of 1905 on the coast of Groningen and are now in my park. They are apparently the offspring of a Common Sheld-Duck and a domestic Duck. “During the spring of 1905 a male Sheld-Duck and a female black-and-white domestic Duck were often seen together off the coast of Groningen, and in the autumn of that same year the two birds mentioned above, which were undoubtedly the result of this unusual union, were caught in nets in that same neighbourhood. “The birds are male and female. The female is mostly black, with a white breast and black-and-white head. The male is very much the same, but the sides are vermiculated and of a more greyish tint. The legs are dusky and the voice resembles both that of the Sheld-Duck and that of the Common Duck.” Vol. xix.] 72 Mr. P. H. Banr gave a most interesting exhibition of the mode in which the ‘ drumming’ or ‘ bleating’ of the Snipe is produced, and made the following remarks :— ‘‘Three theories have been advanced to account for the production of the sound : (1) Vocal ; (2) By means of the wings ; (3) By means of the tail. “The last mainly concerns us. In 1856 Meves, of Stock- holm, by reason of a misprint of ‘tail-’ for ‘ wing-’ feathers in a paper written by Naumann in 1846, was led to experiment with the tail of the Snipe, and found that he was able to reproduce the bleat. “Tf, with the aid of strong glasses, one observes a bird bleating, it will be seen that the two outer tail-feathers are spread well beyond the other twelve, and held out rigidly during the descent, at which time the sound is produced. On procuring a quantity of tails of Snipe it was found that on transfixing the outer pair of feathers with a pin and fastening them into a cork, a bleating sound could be produced on moving the apparatus through the air. Only the outer pair produce the intense vibrating sound, the next or sixth pair do so in a lesser degree. The cocks bleat as well as the hens; this fact has been observed in the field, and on dissection the tail-feathers of the male are found to have the same properties as those of the female. The newly assumed tail-feathers of the bird of the year possess the same properties as the adult feathers. Towards autumn, on account of the worn condition of the feather, the sound produced is not so loud. The musical feathers are the last to be assumed after the moult. “The muscles of the tail do not differ markedly from those of any other members of the genus, but there is a small muscle attached to the outer feathers by means of which they can be spread beyond the rest. “The inner web of the feathers is the main sound- producer; the narrow outer web can be cut off without altering the sound; if, however, the rami of the inner web are disarranged no sound is produced. If the feathers are exposed to the resistance of the air, with the narrow outer 73 [Vol. xix. web towards it, it is found that the inner web vibrates so that its edge becomes invisible, and when travelling at the rate of 20 miles an hour the low humming sound is produced. Microscopically the outer musical feather is differentiated in that it possesses no less than eight hamuli, which hook over the inturned edges of the proximal radii and thus keep the rami taut as the strings of a harp. In the other feathers of the tail only five hamuli occur on each radius.’ Skins of the following species were shown :— Gallinago raddii, the eastern representative of G. celestis. G. delicata (Wilson’s Snipe) from U.S. America. G. nobilis from Brazil. Bee ; from 8. America. G. paraguaye . dubia from Japan. . aucklandice from Auckland I., New Zealand. . nigripennis from 8. Africa. . major (the Double Snipe) \ . gallinula (the Jack Snipe) from Europe. ; ee} eae megala stenura (Pin-tailed Snipe) from India. “Of these, Gallinago raddit is found to bleat like the common species and G. delicata produces a peculiarly high- pitched and penetrating sound. “As regards the rest, G. nobilis, G. frenata, G. paraguaye, and G. dubia make sounds of varying intensity. G. auck- landica makes a feeble sound, G. nigripennis, G. solitaria, and G. megala are provided with numerous musical feathers, whereas no sound can be produced with feathers from G. major, G. gallinula, and G. stenura. G. gallinula, according to Wolley and Buturlin, does bleat, and the sound is likened to that made by a horse ‘ galloping on a hard road.’ ”’ QANAAA| Dr. Ernst Harrerr exhibited an example of a new sub- species of Ammodramus, which he proposed to call ~~ AMMODRAMUS SAVANNARUM INTRICATUS, subsp. n. Most nearly allied to A. savannarum savannarum (Gmel.) Vol. xix.] 74 from Jamaica, but differs in having a stouter, higher bill, a blacker upper surface (the black central portions of the feathers being more extended and of a deeper tinge), and darker brown cheeks, chest, and flanks. Wing 57-59°5 ; tarsus 19-20°5 mm. A. savannarum caribeus, Hart., is much smaller and paler, dA. s. passerinus is Jarger and paler, while both A. s. obscurus and A. s. hbimaculatus have a shorter tarsus. Hab. San Domingo, W. Indies. Type in the Tring Museum: ¢, No. 4167. El Valle, San Domingo, 16. 1.07. Obs. Two pairs were collected. Mr. C. E. Hetimayr described and exhibited examples of some new forms of South American birds :— SYNALLAXIS MAXIMILIANI ARGENTINA, Subsp. n. Adult. Differs from S. m. maximiliani, d’Orb., from Bolivia, in its considerably paler coloration, the upperparts being of a clearer and more greyish-olive colour; the breast and abdomen much lighter tawny-ochraceous, darkening to deep tawny on the sides and on that portion of the chest imme- diately following the black jugular band. In S. m. mazi- miliani the whole under surface below the latter is uniform chestnut-rufous, while the throat is distinctly of a pues buff colour than in the new form. Hab. Argentine Republic: from Tucuman to the Chaco. Type in the Tring Museum: ¢ ad., No. 3244. Norco, Tucuman, elev. 1200 métr., 6. vill. 06. Obtained by Mr. L. Dinelli. Obs. Eight specimens of both sexes from Tucuman and Mocovi (in the Chaco) in the Tring Museum differ in the above-described characters from the type aud from two other Bolivian examples of S. m. maximiliant. CisTOTHORUS PLATENSIS MERID#, subsp. n. Adult. Pileum and nape dull broccoli-brown (Ridgw. Nomencl. iii. fig. 15), the centres of the feathers scarcely paler; back and rump brighter brown, with broad longitu- 790 PWroll xsi: dinal stripes of buffy white and black streaks and cross- bands, the white stripes becoming fewer and narrower on the rump; upper tail-coverts tawny olive, crossed by numerous blackish transverse lines. Upper wing-coverts banded with blackish and brown, quills dusky, with whitish or pale brown cross-bars on the outer web. Both webs of the tail-feathers regularly barred with black and tawny olive. Lores and a broad superciliary stripe white ; a distinct postocular patch dark brown; sides of the head and throat white, the former finely striated with brownish; breast and middle of the abdomen pale cream-buff; sides and under tail-coverts pale brownish, with numerous narrow, but very distinct, blackish cross-bars. Axillaries and under wing-coverts white; thighs brown barred with blackish. Bill dark horn-colour ; iris black. Wing 48; tail 35; bill 14 mm. Hab. Mountains of Merida, Venezuela. Type in the Tring Museum. Adult, El Loro, Merida, elev. 3000 métr., 13. viii. 98. Procured by Mr. Salamon Bricefio Gabaldén. Obs. This new form agrees with C. p. platensis (ath.) in having the rump variegated, and both webs of all the rec- trices banded with black and brown, but it differs in the uniform crown (not striped with black and fulvous-brown), the barred sides of the belly, the white (instead of rufescent buff) sides of the head and neck, shorter tail, &c. According to our present knowledge, the following geographical races of C. platensis can be recognized :— a. C. p. platensis (Lath.). Eastern Argentina, from the mouth of the La Plata (Buenos Aires) south to Pto. de San-Blas, and west to Mendoza. b. C. p. eidousi (Bonap.). Chili, Southern Patagonia, and Falkland Islands. c. C. p. graminicola, Tacz. Central and South-eastern Peru and Northern Bolivia. d. C. p. polyglotius (Vieill.). Paraguay and South-eastern Brazil. e. C. p. alticola, Salv. & Godm. Mount Roraima, British Guiana. . Viol. xix. | 76 f. C. p. equatorialis, Lawr. (=C. brunneiceps, Salv.). Mountains of Ecuador. g. C. p. meride, Hellm. Andes of Merida, Venezuela. Mr. Hetimayr also exhibited some birds from Mount Itatiaya, the highest point in Brazil, and, with reference to: a note in the last issue of ‘The Ibis,’ p. 360, made the following remarks :— “1, SyNALLAXIS MOREIRA, Ribeiro. “This is an excellent species, quite unlike any other member of the genus. It has ten tail-feathers like the typical Synallaxis, but in coloration it reminds one of certain species of Siptornis, e. g. S. modesta. “2. ScyraLopus sPeLUNCE (Ménétr.). “This is the S. sylvestris of Mr. Ribeiro’s paper. As was to be expected from the locality, it does not, however, belong to that species, but is referable to S. spelunce, discovered, many years ago, near St. Joio del Rey, in the province of Minas Geraés. Quite recently, Professor von Ihering ob- tained two specimens from Alto da Serra, in the mountain- range north of Sio Paulo, and the present example has also been secured by one of his collectors. The birds figured by My. Ribeiro were both immature, while the one I exhibit to-night is a perfectly adult male agreeing in every respect with the type of the species kindly lent to me by Dr. Bianchi. «3. MuscipHaca opsoLeta, Ribeiro. “ Prof. von Ihering has sent me a water-coloured drawing of the type-specimen, which agrees very well with a female obtained on Mount Itatiaya. There can be no doubt that this supposed novelty is merely the well-known Hemitriccus diops (Temm.), of which the Trmg Museum possesses a good series from various localities in South-eastern Brazil.” Dr. R. Bowpter Suarre read a letter from Major H. A. MaeratH, dated the 25th of March, 1907, recording the occurrence of a Waxwing (Ampelis garrulus), which had recently been shot at Bannu, lat. 33° N., long. 71° E., North- i [ Vol. xix. west Frontier of India. He stated that the first example of this species obtained within Indian limits had been procured - by Lieut. C. H. D. Whitehead in December 1906, 40 miles further north on the Samana, at an elevation of 5000 ft. The Hon. Watrer Roruscuinp. M.P., exhibited two skins of a very rare Parrot, Urochroma dilectissima, Scl., hitherto only known from the type-specimens in the British Museum. The latter had been obtained by the late Professor Goering in the Andes of Merida. The specimens now exhibited were found among a lot of trade-skins from Bogota, U.S. Colombia. Mr. H. J. Pearson recorded for the first time the occurrence of the Spitsbergen Ptarmigan (Lagopus hyper- boreus) on Alger Island, Franz Josef Land. A pair of birds had been shot in June 1904 by the members of Mr. R. W. Porter’s party, belonging to the Ziegler Polar Expedition, and had been sent to the American Museum of Natural History, where they were identified by Mr. W. D. Miller. He further stated that no species of Lagopus had ever been met with on Novaya Zemlya, and that Mr. Ogilvie-Grant should not have included these islands in the chart in the British Museum (Natural History), which shows the distribution of the Grouse*. * (Mr. H. J. Pearson is of opinion that no species of Lagopus is to be found on the islands of Novaya Zemlya, because he has never been able to find an authentic instance of one having been found there (cf. Ibis, 1898, p. 205). Von Heuglin (cf. Ibis, 1872, p. 62) states his reasons for believing that a species of Lagopus does occur there, and on his authority Novaya Zemlya has been coloured red on the chart in the British Museum (Natural History), which shows the distribution of the Tetraonide. The fact that the Spitsbergen Ptarmigan has now been proved to occur on Franz Josef Land, though it was not met with by either Mr, F. G. Jackson or the members of his party during a residence there of about two years, seems to me an additional reason for believing that some species of Lagopus may occur on Novaya Zemlya and will ultimately be procured.—Ep. | Vol. xix.] 78 The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 15th of May, 1907, at the Restaurant Frascati, 32 Oxford Street; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C. [N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publication. | (Signed) P. L. Scrater, W. R. Oeitvie-Grant, H. F. Wirnersy, Chairman. Editor. Sec. & Treas. BULLETIN OF THE Poll SH sORNITHOLOGISTS’. CLUB, No. CXXXIV. Tue hundred and tlirty-third Meeting of the Club was held at the Restaurant Frascati, 32 Oxford Street, on Wednesday, the 15th of May, 1907. Chairman: P. L. Scuater, F.R.S. Members present :—K. Bipwett, J. L. Bonnorn, H. EH. Dresser, F. D. Drewirr, M.D., E. Harrerr, Ph.D., G. E. Lopez, E. G. B. Meapz-Watoo, H. Monza, T. H. Newman, W. R. Ocitvie-Grant (Editor), C. E. Pearson, FE. G. Pzenrosz, M.D., R. H. Reap, A. D. Sapsworrn, Howarp Saunpers, D. Seru-Smirx, R. Bowpter Suarpn, liebe) yb. Ticenunsr, N.. B. Ticenurst, 2.R.C.Si, A. Trevor-Barrye, H. M. Waris, C. Wuymrsr, H. F. Wirnersy (Secretary and Treasurer), C. A. Wricut. Visitors :—D. Carrutners, A. Watts. Dr. F. G. Penrose passed round a copy of the Report of the Migration Committee for 1906, which constituted Volume xx. of the ‘Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club, and stated that it contained an account of the arrival and distribution of the summer-immigrants during the spring of that year. The Report had been arranged on the same lines as that for the year 1905, and he hoped that all those Members who [May 28th, 1907.] Vol. xix2] 80 Committee by making any suggestions which might tend to improve it. On behalf of the Committee he thanked those who by their generosity had enabled the observations to be carried out, and he was glad to be able to state that, after paying all expenses in connection with this Report, a small balance still remained in hand. He added that Mr. Bonhote, 3 Hanover Square, W., would be glad to receive subscriptions towards the work of next year, and that each observer had already received a copy of the Report, which might be obtained from Mr. Witherby, 326 High Holborn, W.C., at 6s. each. On behalf of Mr. Frep Smat.ey, of Silverdale, Lancashire, Mr. J. L. Bonuore exhibited a specimen of the Common Eider (Somateria mollissima) showing a V-shaped mark under the chin. Mr. Smalley had communicated the following note :— During the past two years there have been procured in Orkney at least six specimens of the Common Eider, showing, to a greater or less extent, the dark V-shaped mark which is characteristic of some of the American Eiders. All those I have examined have proved to be examples of the Common Eider. Attention was first drawn to the matter at the British Ornithologists’ Club on the 18th January, 1905 (ef. Bull. B.O.C. xv. no. exii. p. 832), when an example was exhibited and pronounced to be the true Pacific Eider (S. v-nigrum). As additional specimens were obtained and proved to be merely varieties of the Common Eider, I made a special journey to Oldham to examine the above-mentioned specimen, and satisfied myself that, like the others, this was merely a variety of the Common Eider. The larger size and the yellow bill of S. v-nigrum should prevent any confusion between the two species. As the Oldham bird is the only recorded occurrence of the Pacific Eider in the British Isles, 1 think it desirable that this mistake should be corrected in the same publication in which it first appeared.” Mr. Bonhote made some further remarks on the V-shaped mark in Eider-Ducks, and pointed out that, in his opinion, it~ ae real ESO, 35h, was a mutation or sport resembling a character which had become fixed in a nearly allied species, and that similar instances had occasionally been found among other groups of birds. In dealing with domestic varieties, Mendelism had shown that such sports might easily become fixed, and the occurrence of this sport in the Hiders tended to form a link in the evidence that evolution had in some cases proceeded from mutations. Mr. Bonhote also pointed out that a dark V-shaped mark ‘might sometimes be traced during the progress of the moult from the eclipse to the full plumage, owing to the dark feathers under the chin and along the line of the lower mandible being the last to be moulted. This dark mark could not, however, be confused with the true V-shaped mark, as this latter lay within the line of the lower mandibles and never reached the apex of the chin. There was a further difference between these markings, for in the true V the arms narrowed as they diverged, whereas in the transient V, seen during the moult, they became broader as they diverged. Mr. Bonhote suggested that S. mollissima ought to be regarded as the older form, since in this species the V-shaped mark and the backward extensions of the beak-sheath were less developed than in S. v-nigrum. In S. dresseri the backward extensions of the beak-sheath had become broader and the V was generally ill-defined, while in S. spectabilis both these characters had attained their maximum development. Following another line of evolution, he remarked that in S. v-nzgrum the bill resembled that of the Common Eider, but the V was fully developed. In S. stelleri the backward extensions of the bill were extremely reduced, and the whole of the chin was suffused with black. Dr. Exnst Harrerr described the following new species and subspecies of African birds :— XENOCOPSYCHUS, gen. n. Closely allied to Copsychus, but the bill is slightly more depressed, the culmen less arched, the operculum covering Vol. xix. ] 82 the nostrils bare, the frontal feathers directed backwards, while in Copsychus the nasal operculum is completely or nearly hidden by bristly feathers, which are directed forwards. The tail is not graduated, but the outermost pair of rectrices are about 23 mm. shorter than the following pairs, which are of about equal length, except the middle pair, which, m the male, are 7 mm. shorter. The sexes are alike in colour, as in Copsychus seychellarum, while in the Indian and Malayan forms the sexes differ. XENOCOPSYCHUS ANSORGEI, Sp. Ul. Adult male. Upper surface dark slate-grey, upper tail- coverts white. A white superciliary line from the forehead to the sides of the nape. Chin, lores, sides of the head and neck black. Remiges black, inner webs narrowly edged with dirty white ; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and a few of the adjoining greater wing-coverts black ; rest of the wing- coverts white, the innermost ones black or with the outer web only white. Outer pair of rectrices white with the distal half of the outer web black ; the two adjoining pairs entirely white ; fourth pair white with the middle portion of the shaft black ; fifth pair with the greater part of the outer web black, — inner web and tip of the outer one white ; middle pair black with a tiny white spot at the tip. Underside, except the chin, white. Axillaries and under wing-coverts white, those near the bend of the wing black. “ Iris dark brown ; bill and feet black.” Wing 101; tail 114; culmen 19°5 ; metatarsus 31 mm. Adult female. Similar to the male, but slightly smaller. Wing 95 mm. The middle pair of rectrices are not appar- ently shortened. Hab. Lobango, Mossamedes, Angola. Type in the Tring Museum: ¢, No. 287. Lobango, 18. ii. 1906: Dr. W. J. Ansorge coll. Obs. One pair were obtained. CERTHILAUDA ALBOFASCIATA ERIKSSONI, Subsp. n. Adult. Upper surface greyish-buff or greyish-cream-colour (not rufous-isabelline or sandy-rufous), with the middles of 83 [Vol. xix. the feathers dark brown, and most of them with whitish edges ; upper tail-coverts pale rufous-cinnamon, with whitish edges and without dark brown middles. Rectrices blackish- brown with white tips, the middle pair ashy grey edged with buff. Underside pale isabelline, throat whitish. Wing 86 mm. Hab. Okahokahana, on the Etosha Saltpan in Southern Ovampoland, German 8.W. Africa. Type in the Tring Museum: adult, No. 2580. Okahoka- hana, 25. vil. 1880: A. W. Eriksson coll. Obs. This is the palest form of the C. albofasciata-group. Of C. albofusciata arenaria we have a specimen from Aris, kindly compared with the type by Professor Reichenow, and there are skins in the British Museum of this distinct form from various localities in Great Namaqualand, collected by C. J. Andersson. CERTHILAUDA ALBOFASCIATA OBSCURATA, subsp. n. Adult male. Feathers of the back uniform deep brown, almost black, with whitish margins (not rufous-brown with dark brown middles). Upper tail-coverts rufous, the longer ones with or without a longitudinal blackish mark towards the tip; pileum somewhat blacker than in C. a. albofasciata. Rectrices dark brown, all except the middle pair having white tips from 5 to 9 mm. in length and being narrowly margined with grey. Remiges and undersurface as in C. a. albofasciata, but with the chest more or less distiuctly spotted with black. ‘Iris burnt-sienna; bill slate-grey, lower mandible bluish-grey with pinkish rami; feet brownish flesh-colour.”” Wing 88-90 mm. Hab. Angola (Bulu-bulu in the Bihé district, Sambo in Benguella, collected by Dr. Ansorge; Bailuudu in Benguella, collected by Mr. C. Hubert Pemberton). Type in the Tring Museum: ¢, No. 143. Bulu-bulu, 30. ix. 1904: W. J. Ansorge coll. Obs. This new subspecies is very different from its dark South African representative, C. a. albofasciata, and is, so far as we are aware, by far the darkest form of this group. Vol. xix.] 84 MiRAPRA HYPERMETRA GALLARUM, Subsp. n. Adult male and female. Differ from M. h. hypermetra from East Africa in having the lesser series of upper wing-coverts bright rufous-cinnamon, those nearer the margin uniform, those further inwards with blackish ante- apical spots and with the greater part of the outer web greyish. The upperside much greyer, with less brown and rufous. Size about the same as that of M. h. hypermetra. Apparently the very striking difference between the sexes has uot hitherto been emphasized. Wing, ¢ about 115-121, ? 105mm. The material in the British Museum confirms the above diagnosis. Hab. Galla Country (Hawash River, Kassim River, Nar- sam, Filoha). Type in the Tring Museum: ¢, No. 2603. Bouta, Hawash Valley, 2, vi. 1903: Zaphiro coll. SERINUS STRIOLATUS GRAUERI, subsp. n. Adult. Differs from S. s. striolatus from Abyssinia and from S. s. affinis, Richm. (which is with difficulty, if at all, distinguishable from S. s. striolatus), in having the upper- surface much darker brown with yellowish-brown (almost rufescent) instead of whitish-buff edges to the feathers; the outer borders of the quills olive-brown with only a dull tinge of greenish instead of yellowish-green ; the undersurface less white, more tinged with buff; the throat with blackish- brown shaft-lines on the tips of most of the feathers ; and the under wing-coverts darker and of a browner tint. “Tris dark brown; upper mandible dark brown, lower mandible reddish-brown ; feet dark grey with a purplish tinge.” Wing about 68-70 mm. Hab. Mt. Kuwenzori, Equatorial Africa. Type in the Tring Museum; adult, No. 3571. Ruwenzori, 7000 feet: R. Grauer coll. Obs. Mr. Grauer, in whose honour this new form has been named, collected two specimens at an elevation of 7000 feet. TURDINUS MOLONEYANUS IBOENSIS, subsp. n. Adult male. Closely allied to T. m, moloneyanus from the 3a) [| Wol. xix. Gold Coast and Togo, but the pileum is slightly more olive, the back darker and more rufescent, the tail browner, the upper wing-coverts and edges of the remiges less rufous, shading into olive, and the undersurface somewhat brighter, ‘Iris reddish-brown; bill dark horn- grey, nearly black ; lower mandible slate-blue; feet slate- blue.” Wing 77:5 mm. Hab. Southern Nigeria. Type in the Tring Museum: ¢@, No. 400. Oguta, in the district inhabited by the Ibo Tribe, 19. xi. 1901: W. J. Ansorge coll. Mr. C. B. Ticruurst exhibited a specimen of the Sociable Plover | Vanellus gregarius (Pallas)], and made the following remarks :— “The bird, a female in its first breeding-plumage, was shot from a flock of six in Romney Marsh, Kent, on the 3rd of May, 1907, by a shepherd, who gave it to a farmer. The latter sent it to Mr. Bristow, taxidermist, St. Leonards, to be mounted, and I saw it in the flesh in his shop on the 6th of May. It was then fairly fresh: both wings had been broken by the shot. This is the third British example. [Cf. Saunders, Illust. Man. Brit. Birds, p. 558, 2nd ed. (1699) : id., Bull. B. O. C. x. no. Ixvi. p. xv (1899).] Mr. Ticrnurst also made some remarks on a disease prevalent among Wood-Pigeons at the present time :— “This disease attacks the Wood-Pigeon (Columbapalumbus), in an epidemic form, during those years in which acorns are abundant, when vast numbers of these birds congregate together in England. Acorns have been said, but without the slightest evidence, to be the cause of the disease; but they are only so indirectly, in that they attract immense flocks of Pigeons. The true cause is the Bacillus diphtherie columbarum, isolated by Loffler in 1884 from the pseudo- diphtheritic membrane of Wood-Pigeons which had died of this infectious disease. That the disease is transmitted from one Wood-Pigeon to another, either directly or indirectly, Vol. xix.] 86 cannot be doubted, since its spread in a flock of birds is effected in much the same way as in crowded human communities. ‘‘T would throw out as a possible suggestion that a Pigeon with the disease regurgitates some acorns from its crop, and that these are subsequently eaten by an unaffected Pigeon. I have no proof of this, but it is neither impossible nor unlikely. “The bacilli are short with round ends and resemble those of rabbit-septicemia or fowl-cholera. They belong to a large group of bacilli known as the ‘ heemorrhagic-septicemia group’ and will grow readily on any of the ordinary media, such as gelatin, agar, &c. ““The disease usually starts by the bacilli settling on the mucous membrane of the back part of the tongue and fauces, which become red. Soon, however, the redness is masked by thick yellowish exudate, which is well marked im the specimen exhibited. The bacilli in this exudate multiply very quickly and form poisons called toxins, which are absorbed and eventually find their way into the blood, so that other organs, especially the liver and spleen, become enlarged and locally diseased. The glands around the pharynx are also greatly enlarged. “The fever lasts for from two to three weeks, during which time the birds lose many of their feathers and eventually die, their bodies being usually much emaciated.” Mr. E. Bipwety remarked that a pair of Herons (Ardea cinerea) had this year nested in Kew Gardens on the base of the fountain in the pond near the palm-house. Their first nest had been destroyed when the water was turned on during Easter Monday, but they had subsequently rebuilt it. Mr. W. R. Ocitvie-Granr described and exhibited examples of two new birds from the Mpanga Forest, near Fort Portal, Uganda :— APALIS DENTI, sp. 0. Adult female. Most nearly allied to A. rufogularis (Fraser), 87 [Viol xax: but distinguished by having a shorter bill, with the under mandible entirely black, the throat and chest of a paler and brighter brick-red, and the breast and belly pure white, without any trace of olive. Iris hazel; bill black; feet flesh-colour. Total length 4°3 inches; wing 1°9; tail 1:85; tarsus °72. Hab. Mpanga Forest, Uganda, 5000 feet, 16th Sept., 1906. Obs. A single female specimen was procured by Mr. R. E. Dent. BLEDA WOOSNAMI, Sp. 0. Adult male and female. Most nearly allied to B. syndac- tyla (Swains.), but the bill, especia!ly in the male, is much shorter and the yellow on the throat and underparts is of a much brighter colour. Iris hazel; bill grey; feet dull flesh- colour. 6. Total length ca. 8°8 inches; wing 4°2-4°3; tail 3°8— 4-1; tarsus 1°15. 2. Total length ca. 7°8 inches ; wing 3°9-3°95; tail 3-3- 3'4; tarsus 1-0. Hab. Mpanga forest, 5000 feet, Uganda, Sept. 1906. Obs. Five examples were collected by Messrs. R. B. Woosnam and R. EH. Dent. Mr. Ocitvir-Grant also exhibited and described the hitherto unknown male of a species of Cuckoo-Shrike :— CAMPOPHAGA PETITI, Oustalet. Adult male. Very similar to the male of C. nigra, Vieill., but distinguished by having the undersurface of the quills blackish-grey, with or without the faintest tinge of greenish- yellow on the margins of the inner webs. In C. nigra the inner webs are always conspicuously pale greenish-yellow. Iris dark brown ; bill and feet black. Total length ca. 8-0 inches ; wing 4°1; tail 3-5 ; tarsus 0°85. Hab. Mpanga forest, 5000 feet, 20th Sept., 1906. Obs. A single male procured by Mr. R. E. Dent is almost Vol. xix.] 88 certainly referable to this species. There is another per- fectly similar specimen in the British Museum labelled “Gaboon (P. Du Chaillu), Tweeddale Collection,’ which nas been wrongly identified as C. nigra: also an adult female from Angola, procured by J. J. Monteiro and doubt- fully referred to C. hartlaubi, Salvad. I have also examined in the Tring Museum two males and a female of this species, which, like the bird described above, were also collected in the Mpanga forest by Mr. R. Grauer ; likewise a male from Nandi, Uganda, obtained by Dr. W. J. Ansorge. Mr. Boyp AuexanperR sent for exhibition examples of three new species of birds obtained by him during his recent expedition from Nigeria to the Nile :— MiraFrRA CRANBROOKI, Sp. 0. go et 9. M. similis M. rufocinnamomee, Salvad., sed satura- tior, rostro angustiore: supra cinnamomeo-brunnea, plumis medialiter nigris, quasi maculatis, uropygio dorso concolore et eodem modo maculato; gutture imo nigro punctulato, pectore summo cinnamomeo-rufo maculato. Long. tot. c. 5°6 poll., culm. 0°6, ale 3:1, caudee 2:0, tarsi 0°9. Hab. R. Ubanghi and R. Welle. Obs. This species is named in honour of the Earl of Cranbrook. TROCHOCERCUS KIBALIENSIS, Sp. n. get 2. T. similis 7. bedfordi, Grant, sed valde minor, schistaceo-ceruleus, pileo cristato nigro usque ad nucham producto; pectore medio albicante. Long. tot. c. 5°0 poll., culm. 0°5, alee 2°45, caudee 2:4, tarsi 0°7. Hab. R, Kibali. SyCOBROTUS HERBERTI, Sp. n. 9. S. similis S. imsignt 2, sed pileo summo aurantiaco- flavo, dorso fere simili, fronte tantum nigra; facie laterali et gula tota nigris. Long. tot. c. 5:1 poll., culm. 0°65, ale 3°0, caude 1°6, tarsi 0°85. Hab. R. Welle. Obs. This species is named after Mr. Herbert Alexander. 89 [ Vol. xix. Dr. N. F. Ticruurst exhibited a specimen of the Barred Warbler [Sylvia nisoria (Bechstein)|]. It was one of two examples, both males by dissection, which had been obtained at Woodchurch in Kent on April 24th, 1907. The first was seen in the flesh by Dr. Ticehurst the following day, but the second specimen he did not see until after it had been skinned. They differed slightly from one another, the one exhibited being more abraded than the other, which had wider light edges to the secondaries and tail-feathers and the dark bars on the throat slightly paler and less closely set. These were the first specimens that had been obtained in the County of Kent and brought up the total number for the British Isles to twenty-one. All the previous birds had been obtained in autumn and nearly all were in immature plumage. The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 19th of June, 1907, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C. 3 [N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the LHditor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publication. | (Signed ) P. L. Sctarer, W. R. Ocinvie-Grant, H. F. Wirnersy, Chairman. Editor. Sec. & Treas. Py. pt @ BULLETIN OF THE BRL TISH) “ORNIVHOER@GISTS” CLUB: No. CXXXV. Tur hundred and thirty-fourth Meeting of the Club was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on Wednesday, the 19th of June, 1907. Chairman: P. L. Scuater, F.R.S. Members present :—F. HK. Biaauw, J. L. Bonnote, W. R. Burrerriecp, H. EH. Dresser, E. V. Earwe, Capt.S.S.F Lower, F. W. Frowawk, Haru or Gatnsporouen, F. Gitsert, F. D. Gopman, D.C.L., F.R.S., H. Goopcutip, EK. Harrerr, Ph.D., Percy R. Lower, M.D., G. Mt Marnews, Hon. E.S. Montaeu, M.P., P.W. Munn, H. Mont, T. H. Newman, W. R. Ocitviz- Grant (Editor), F. G. Penross, M.D., A. E. Pricz, W. P. Pycrart, R. H. Reap, Hon. W. Roruscuixp, Ph.D., M.P., -G. Scuwann, F.C. Szetous, D. Seru-Smira, R. Bowpier SHarPe, LL.D., C. B. Ticznursr, M.B., N. F. Ticenurst, F.R.C.S., J. Witxinson, L. A. Wintiams. Visitors :—J. M. Barron, D. G. Extiort, Waxtrr Goop- FELLOW, G. Mitcnern Heners, P. A. Mreres, C. F. M. Swynnerton, R. B. Woosnam. ; Before commencing the business of the evening the CuarrmMan drew attention to the great loss which had been sustained by the zoological world in the death of Professor AuFrreD Newton, which had taken place at Cambridge on [June 29th, 1907.] Vol. xix.] 92 Friday, the 7th inst. He felt sure that the loss of so eminent an ornithologist, one of the few remaining original members of the British Ornithologists’ Union, would cause the deepest regret to all those present. Dr. Sctater then called attention to the presence at the Meeting of two distinguished zoological travellers, Mr. R. B. Woosnam and Mr. Walter Goodfellow, whose recent ex- plorations had resulted in the discovery of many new and interesting birds, which from time to time had been de- scribed by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant in the ‘ Bulletin’ of the Club. Mr. Woosnam, the leader of the Ruwenzori Expedition, would presently give a short account of the successful exploration of that wonderful mountain-range and of the collections made by his party. Mr. Goodfellow, also well-known to the Members of the Club from his travels in South America and among the islands of the East, and who had recently returned from New Guinea, bringing with him a fine col- lection of living Birds-of-Paradise, would also, in the course of the evening, give a brief outline of his adventures. The Hon. Watrer Roruscuirp described an example of a new Bird-of-Paradise, which he proposed to call :— LopHoriNa MINOR LATIPENNIS, subsp. n. Adult male. Differs from the male of L. m. minor from the Owen-Stanley Mountains, British New Guinea, in having the long lateral feathers of the pectoral shield generally slightly longer and always distinctly wider. Hab. Rawlinson Mountains, German New Guinea. Type in the Tring Museum: 4, No. 90506. Rawlinson Mountains: Carl Wahnes coll. Obs. The occurrence of a species of Lophorina in German New Guinea is an interesting new discovery. Dr. Ernst Hartert made some remarks on the subspecies of Mirafra africana :— “ Mirafra africana tropicalis is easily distinguished from a ee a a eae \ 93 [ Vol. xix. the South-African M. a. africana by the more striking coloration of the uppersurface, caused by the blackish centres of the feathers being larger and more defined. The lesser upper wing-coverts are bright cinnamon-rufous with more or less semicircular dark brown markings towards the base. This form inhabits Uganda and is also found east of Lake Victoria Nyanza. We have examples from Entebbe (Jackson), Bukoba (Stuhlmann), Buguera (Emin), Fort George (Ansorge), Toro (Ansorge), and a male shot by Dr. Ansorge on the Kiboko River in Ukamba, 25. iv. 98. This last occurrence is remarkable, as, on the Athi plain, at no great distance, MW. a. athi, Hartert, is found. This form is distinguished at a glance from M. a. tropicalis by its mealy appearance, and more especially by the lesser upper wing-coverts, which are greyish-brown with blackish centres and pale greyish edges. Captain Shelley is perhaps right in regarding it as a species and not as a geographical race, but it is doubtful if M. a. tropicalis aud M. a. athi ever occur together. Typical M. a. athi inhabits the Athi plains in British Hast Africa, and a very similar form is found near the Escarpment Station, at elevations of 6500 feet and higher. It is darker, the edges to the feathers of the upperside browner, the bill longer and more slender, and the tail generally alittle longer. I propose to name this form MiRAFRA AVRICANA DOHERTY], subsp. n., in memory of the late William Doherty, who collected a series of it. “ Mirafra africana tropicalis 1s not synonymous with M. a. occidentalis (Hartl.), described from Gaboou. Through the kindness of Professor Schauinsland I have been able to compare it with the type of M. occidentalis. The latter is not at all brightly coloured on the upperside, being dull greyish, with the darker centres of the feathers less extended, less well defined, and more in the form of streaks. Though distinct from M. a. tropicalis, it is not always easy to distinguish single specimens of M. a. occidentalis from the South-African MW. a. africana, but M. a. occidentalis is less Vol. xix. | 94. blackish and paler above. Besides the type, which was purchased of Verreaux and is said to have come from Gaboon, I have a fine series of specimens from 8. Angola: Fort Quillenges in Benguella (Ansorge), Catumbela (Mocquerys), Blaasbalg - Fontein in Benguella (Ansorge), Usolo River (Ansorge), and Ombanja near the Cunene R. (Eriksson). All these agree in every detail with the type. “The M. a. grisescens, Sharpe, from Matabeleland, though very close to M. a. occidentalis, also appears to be a distinct form, as it is slightly greyer; probably M. a. pallidior is also different, being very pale, but the type-specimens are in such very worn plumage that it is hardly possible to decide whether they are different from M. a. occidentalis or not. “ The idea that M. a. tropicalis, M. a. transvaalensis, and other forms are based on variations due to age and season is erroneous, as they do not inhabit the same countries, and large series of specimens, both old and young, collected at various times of the year have been examined. “T was no doubt mistaken in treating MM. angolensis as a form of M. africana. When I took that view [Bull. B. O. C. xi. no. Ixxx. p. 64 (1901)] I had only seen one rather worn example of M. angolensis. I have now a good series, collected by Dr. Ansorge, and many procured from the same places where M. a. occidentalis also occurs.” Dr. Hartert further stated that the bird described by him [Bull. B. O. C. xv. no. exvii. p. 95 (1905)] as Apalis ansorgei was Eremomela atricollis of Bocage. The type had an in- complete tail, which led him to believe that it was an Apalis (=Fuprinodes according to Dr. Sharpe), and thus he had omitted to look through the literature of Mremomela. Dr. Ansorge had now sent a fine series of Hremomela atricollis from Caiala, Chiyuka, Bissapa, Muhumbua, Pedreira (Bihé), and. Bingondo. The species was previously only known from the type in the Lisbon Museum. The more graduated tail of Apalis was the only character 95 [ Vol. xik. by which the two genera could be separated, and it would perhaps be best to unite them. Dr. Hartert called attention to an error in the descrip- tion of Euprinodes nigrescens, Jackson (Bull. B.O. C. xvi. no. exxv. p. 90). In the description the three outer rectrices were described as white, while, in fact, the four outer rectrices were white. The Tring Museum had received an adult female from the Mpanga Forest, obtained by Rudolf Grauer. Dr. Harrerr also described and exhibited examples of the following new African birds :— ERYTHROPYGIA REICHENOWI, Sp. 0. Adult male. Upper surface dull greyish-olive-brown, merging into a dull ochraceous brown (cf. ‘“ tawny-olive,” Ridgw. Nomencl. Colours, pl. ui. fig. 17) on the rump and shorter upper tail-coverts, the longer of which are wanting. Lores dusky ; a white superciliary line, above which there is a black stripe. Quills dark slate-colour, outer webs blackish ; bases of the outer webs of the fourth to the tenth primaries and those of the inner webs of the fifth to the tenth white, forming a large white speculum. First primary witha white line to the margin of the outer web near the tip, the third to the sixth with a narrow white outer margin, the remaining quills with ashy outer margins; inner secondaries brownish like the back. Upper wing-coverts ashy grey, those near the bend of the wing narrowly tipped with white ; bastard wing- feathers black, broadly tipped with white ; primary-coverts slaty black. . Rectrices dull black, broadly tipped with white, middle pair brownish-grey with black shafts. Underside white; a dark grey moustachial line extending from the chin to the sides of the throat; sides of the jugulum and crop- region washed with ashy grey ; sides of the body tinged with buff. The bases of all the feathers of the underside slaty black. Under wing-coverts blackish tipped with white. “Tris dark brown; bill black; feet grevish-flesh-colour.” Wing 82; tail 75; culmen 17; tarsus 27°6 mm. Hab, Canhoca, Angola, Vol taix,) 96 hs Type in the Tring Museum: ¢@, No. 1291. Canhoca, 27.x1.03: W. J. Ansorge coll. Obs. The bird appears to be adult, but the tail is incom- plete, and the side of the right breast has been damaged by shot. As no additional examples have been obtained, I now describe this bird, which does not seem to have any very close ally. I name it in honour of Prof. Reichenow, who has described no less than six of the forms of the genus Erythropygia, as recognized in his ‘ Vogel Afrikas.’ ERYTHROPYGIA PAENA DAMARENSIS, Subsp. n. Adult male. Differs from E. p. paena from the Transvaal and the Orange River Colony in having the colour of the back lighter, not of so rufous a brown; the edges to the upper wing-coverts and secondaries paler ; the bill slightly stronger ; and the wing 2-4 mm. longer. Wing 72-76 mm. (in i. p. paena, 6, 68-70 mm.) ; culmen 18-19 mm. Hab. Omaruru, Otjimbinque, Windhoek, and Rehoboth, in Damaraland. Type in the Trmg Museum: ¢. Omaruru, Damaraland, 1.x 79) A. W.. Hiriksson,ecoll, ERYTHROPYGIA PAENA BENGUELLENSIS, subsp. n. Adult male. Differs from E. p. paena in having the crown ashy grey instead of greyish-brown, the back less rufous, of a browner tint, and washed with grey, the rump and upper tail-coverts less deep rufous, the lesser upper wing-coverts greyish, the outer edges to the greater wing-coverts and quills paler, the undersurface whiter, and the under tail- coverts of a lighter cream-colour. The bill is slender, as in FE. p. paena. It differs from E. p. damarensis in having a greyer crowh, a greyish wash on the back, greyish lesser wing-coverts, paler outer edges to the greater coverts, and whiter underparts. Wing, ¢ 68°5-70°5, 2? 65-67 mm. Hab. Huxe, Sandpits, Lengi, and Hochte, in Benguella. Type in the Tring Museum: ¢, No. 83. Huxe, Benguella, 21. xi.04: W. J. Ansorge coll. Obs. Hight specimens were collected by Dr. Ansorge. iterates es 97 [Volk xx CALAMONASTES FASCIOLATUS PALLIDIOR, subsp. n. Adult. Differs from C. f. fasciolatus in its paler coloration. The uppersurface is of a paler and somewhat more sandy brown; the undersurface is, on the whole, whiter, the zigzag bars on the lower throat and chest being less sharply defined or narrower; the flanks, vent, thighs, and under tail-coverts paler and more buffy. Dimensions as in C. f. fasciolatus. Iris neutral orange or red; bill dark slaty grey, pale at the base of the lower mandible; feet pale brown. Hab. Huxe, Sandpits, and Makonjo, in Benguella. Type in the Tring Museum: adult, No. 259. Sandpits, Benguella, 8. vu. 04: W.J. Ansorge coll. Oés. Dr. Ansorge has sent a series of adult and young specimens. SYLVIETTA ANSORGEI, Sp. 0. Adult male and female. Uppersurface grey with a brownish-buff tinge ; upper tail-coverts tipped with brownishk- butf; remiges deep brown, outwardly margined with pale brownish-grey, inwardly with brownish-buff; inner secon- daries like the back; rectrices like the back, with narrow buff edges ; superciliary line whitish-buff; line through the eye dusky grey; ear-coverts brownish-buff. | Undersurface white ; sides, a more or less distinct band across the chest, belly, and under tail-coverts ochraceous buff; thighs buff; under wing-coverts buff. Iris neutral orange; upper man- dible dark brown, lower purplish-grey at the base; feet purplish-slate. Wing, ¢ 58-59, 9 54-56; tail, ¢ 25-26, ? 22-24; culmen 14; tarsus 18°5-19 mm. Hab. Woanda, in Angola; Huxe and Sandpits, in Benguella. Type in the Tring Museum: ¢, No. 152. Huxe, 28. vi. O4: W. J. Ansorge coll. CRINIGER BARBATUS ANSORGEANUS, subsp. n. Adult male. Differs trom C. 6. barbatus from the Gold _ Coast, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Gambia, in having a paler throat, the gular feathers whitish-yellow with sulphur-yellow edges, instead of sulphur-yellow with bright yellow borders, Vol. xix.] 98 and the tail and under tail-coverts more rufescent and less greenish. Hab. Delta of the River Niger (Degama, Oguta). Type in the Trmg Museum: ¢, No. 427. Degama, Southern Nigeria, 12. v.02: W. J. Ansorge coll. Dr. P. R. Lows exhibited a specimen of Cistrelata armin- joniana, Gigl. & Salvad., and made the following remarks :— “The example of this Petrel which I am exhibiting this evening was captured in the North Atlantic, thousands of miles north of its home on the island of South Trinidad in the South Atlantic. The bird flew on board Sir Frederick Johnstone’s yacht the ‘ Zenaida’ on the last day of 1905, during a passage from Madeira to St. Thomas, W.L., when we were rather more than halfway across the Atlantic, and roughly 1300 miles north of the equator, lat. 21°51’ N., long. 43° 35’ W. “ Examples of this rare species have been previously pro- cured by the following :—Prof. Giglioli, ‘Magenta, 1868; Earl of Crawford, ‘ Venus, 1874; Dr. E. A. Wilson, ‘Discovery,’ 1901; Mr. M. J. Nicoll, ‘ Valhalla,’ 1905. “ Mr. Nicoll is no doubt right in believing that i. wilsoni, Sharpe, is synonymous with . arminjoniana (cf. Ibis, 1906, p: 671)” Mr. R. B. Woosnam gave the following brief account of the Ruwenzori Expedition :— “The expedition left England early in October 19035, arriving at Mombasa early in November. The journey from Mombasa to Entebbe now occupies three days, whereas, before the construction of the Uganda railway, it was a long and difficult march of three months. After a short delay at Entebbe to arrange the caravan, the expedition was able to set out for the march of 180 miles to Ruwenzori. The road from Entebbe to Ruwenzori is not a very interesting one, passing over monotonous undulating country, which is so covered with dense elephant-grass 15 feet high that little or nothing can be seen of the surrounding district. A small og [ Vol. xix miscellaneous collection of 200 skins was made during the march. “The first camp was formed in the Mubuku Valley, on the east side of Ruwenzori, at an altitude of 6500 ft., and was occupied for four months. From it short expeditions lasting for 8 or 10 days were made up to the snows, and it was from this camp that the greater part of the collection was made. “ From the Mubuku Valley a move was made to the south end of the range, where another camp was formed at an altitude of about 38000 feet, and occupied for two months. At ~ the end of that time another move was made round into Belgian territory with the intention of making a third camp on the west side of the range in a position corresponding to the first camp in the Mubuku Valley. A suitable camping- place was found in the Botagu Valley at an altitude of a little over 7000 ft.; but, owing to the rebellious state of two of the tribes at the foot of the mountains, it could only be occupied for three days, when matters became so unpleasant that collecting was out of the question, and the expedition was compeiled to beat a hasty retreat to Fort Beni, on the Semliki River. This was a great disappointment, as no expe- dition has done any systematic collecting in the district which lies on the west side between the Botagu Valley and the north end, and is the most heavily-wooded part of the whole mountain-range. “From Fort Beni a hurried march was made through the forest to Irumu, by an entirely unused road on the west side of the Semliki, no habitations being seen, nor food obtainable for nearly 100 miles. A little collecting was done at Fort Beni and on the way through the forest, and several new birds were obtained. From Irumu an easy march of six days brought us back again to Fort Portal. “« Although only a tew birds were obtained on the western slopes of Ruwenzori, we saw and heard sufficient to enable us to say that all, or nearly all, the species which inhabit the east side above 6500 ft. are found also on the west side and all round the mountain. Ruwenzori is divided into fairly well- marked zones of vegetation:—Below 6300 ft., grass country ; Vol. xix.] 100 from 6500 up to 8500 ft., dense forest; from 8500 to 10,000 ft., impenetrable bamboo ; above that, from ‘10,000 to 12,500 ft., giant heather, with a few giant lobelias and groundsels ; and from 12,500 ft., almost up to the snow-line, giant lobelias, groundsels and everlasting flower-bushes. “Above 10,000 ft. birds become very scarce, and above the snow-line no animal life was seen, though H.R.H. the Duke of the Abruzzi states that worms were found upon the peaks. On the bare rocks above the snow at 16,000 ft. a few lichens and mosses were seen. The south end of the mountain differs considerably from the rest, being very much drier, with short grass and acacia bush. The west side appeared to be damper than the east, and it certainly receives less sunlight owing to the fact that after 10 a.m. the upper parts of the range are almost always enveloped in cloud. The zones of vegetation are not so well marked on the west side as on the east.” Mr. Water Gooprettow stated that after his successful ascent of Mount Morrison (13,880 ft.) in Central Formosa, an account of which was published by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant in the January and April numbers of the ‘Ibis’ for 1907, he made his way to Humboldt’s Bay on the north coast of New Guinea, not so much for the purpose of collecting skins as to procure living examples of Birds-of-Paradise. The natives, however, proved to be but poor bird-catchers, and he obtained very few living specimens, though among these there were a pair of the magnificent Bird-of-Paradise (/pimachus speciosus). Unfortunately, while at Humboldt’s Bay, his house was attacked and burnt down by jungle-natives, and, in addition to much baggage, he lost these very rare birds, which were suffocated by the smoke. An attempt was made to ascend the Cyclops Mountains (9000 ft.), but this failed owing to the difficulty of obtaiming carriers. With five porters he ultimately succeeded in reaching an altitude of 3000 ft., and obtained a fine new King-Bird-of-Paradise (Cicinnurus goodfellowi, Grant), bat he had to return almost immediately to the coast, as he saw that the natives were 101 Viole xtac. planning to leave him. Being entirely naked they suffer much from the cold, and the high ground, which is totally uninhabited, is covered by almost impenetrable jungle. A great export of skins of Birds-of-Paradise takes place from Humboldt’s Bay, and the two Chinese traders living there despatch about 1200 skins, chiefly of Paradisea minor, every three months. Mr. Goodfellow had watched the display of the Lesser Bird - of- Paradise, and had observed that mature and immature males as well as females assemble together, and that the females as well as the males were in the habit of dancing, but that the dance of the latter was of a different character. Subsequently he spent some time on the Island of Waigiou, the home of Paradisea rubra, and obtained living specimens of that rare bird, which were sately brought to England. He said that this species was rapidly being exterminated, as young males and females were shot in addition to the tull- plumaged males. Three months were then spent in Sorong, whence vast numbers of skins of several species of Birds-of- Paradise are exported. There the natives kept numbers of living Cassowaries, and over thirty examples of the one- wattled species of all ages roamed about the village. After leaving North-west New Guinea, he visited the Aru Islands and remained there four months, during which time he obtained many living pairs of the King-Bird-of-Paradise. He observed that P. apoda was being rapidly exterminated, and the natives informed him that each year every full- plumaged male was killed. From the six’ or seven districts of North and West Dutch New Guinea, at a low estimate, close on 20,000 skins of Paradise-Birds were annually exported.. The beautiful long-plumaged species P. jobiensis had been all but exterminated, and last year only 70 skins were exported from Jobi, though all the natives were engaged hunting for them. Now the hunters have to journey from that island to the shores of Geelvink Bay in search of birds. It would not be safe for any naturalist to stay on the island of Jobi, as the natives are still extremely hostile. Vol. xix.] . 102 At Manokwarri, formerly called Doreh, in North New Guinea, Mr. Goodfellow was shown the spot where Dr. A. R. Wallace’s house stood when the latter collected over fifty years ago, and he was told that the ruins of it still remained up to a few years ago. Mr. Ocitvie-Grant said that he had had the pleasure of inspecting the wonderful collection of living Paradise-Birds and Parrots brought home by Mr. Walter Goodfellow. Among the latter there appeared to be two undescribed species, which he proposed to name as follows :— TRICHOGLOSSUS BROOKI, Sp. 1. Adult. Most nearly allied to T. nigrogularis, G. R. Gray, but larger and with the belly and flanks entirely black. Hab. Pulo Swangi (Spirit Island), off the south coast of Terangan, Aru Islands. . Obs. Two living examples brought by Mr. Walter Good- fellow are now in the possession of Mr. C. J. Brook, of Hoddom Castle, Dumfries, N.B., after whom this species has been named. Eos GooprELLOWI, sp. 0. Adult. Nearest to E. rubra (Gmel.), but with the ear- coverts lavender-blue and the back and thighs purplish-blue. One example, perhaps a younger bird, has the feathers of the middle of the breast and belly deeply edged with blue ; in the other these parts are uniform red, Hab. Obi Major, Central Moluccas. Obs. Two living examples brought by Mr. Goodfellow are now in the possession of Mrs. Johnstone, of Burrswood, Groombridge, Sussex. ‘This species is very distinct from Eos riciniatus obiensis, Rothsch., which also occurs on Obi Major. Mr. F. E. Braauw made some remarks on the breeding of the Australian Black- breasted Plover (Sarciophorus pectoralis, Cuv.) in one of his aviaries at Gooilust. He had kept a pair 103 [| Vol. xix. of these birds for many years without their showing any signs of nesting, till in the spring of 1902 he noticed that the birds were making a nest. This nest consisted of a small depression formed by the birds themselves in the soil. It was constructed in a gravel walk in the aviary, near a tuft of grass. The nest was lined with a few dry grasses, but so few that they suggested rather an ornament than a lining, the bottom of the nest being formed by the stones of the gravel. The birds were at this time very noisy when undisturbed, and the male, which at ordinary times was scarcely to be distinguished from the female, was now conspicuous by the intenser red and greater development of the bare frontal skin, which is common to both sexes. After some days two eggs were laid and incubation com- menced. The eggs much resembled those of the European Lapwing, but were of a browner colour and very large in comparison with the size of the birds. After about 28 days of incubation, on the 23rd of May, both the eggs hatched. During the first day the young remained in the nest, both the parents in turn covering them. On the second day they began to run about, returning occasionally to the nest during the day and also during the night. If one came near the aviary the old birds would run away and the chicks would hide under a tuft of grass, keeping quite motionless. If one persisted in remaining near the young birds the male would come back to the intruder uttering loud cries, and finally try to get him away by feigning to be wounded and unable to fly or walk. When five days old the chicks ran about with the parents, imitating their eccentric movements in every way. If one came near them they would still hide in the grass and keep motionless. When ten days old they began to run away if one came near, only hiding when they saw that they were noticed. They were now about the size of a Wagtail without a tail, but with longer and much stouter legs. No feathers were Vol. xix}, 104 yet visible. At first the parents fed them with insects and ants’ eggs, but after a few days they began to feed themselves. The chicks in their first dress might be described as follows :— The whole of the upperside, except the hinder part of the head, of a light sand-colour, mixed with black spots; a black lme runs from the bill through the eyes around the head and forms an edging; the sand-colour runs up from the shoulders towards the top of the head and in front towards the breast without meeting, so that a ring, partially open in front, is formed ; the hind part of the head is white and the down there is somewhat lengthened, forming a curious sort of wig. The underparts. white. The legs, feet, and bill at first blackish, but becoming lighter as the birds grow older. Mr. Blaauw hoped to be able to describe the first plumage in a subsequent number of the ‘ Bulletin.’ Mr. Boyp Atexanper sent the following descriptions -of two new species of African birds :— CISTICOLA PETROPHILA, Sp. nl. Adult male. Similar to C. cinerascens (Heugl.), but larger and differs in lacking the rufous margins to the primaries, the entire outer aspect of the quills and wing-coverts being dark brown. $. Total length 5°3 inches; culmen 0°55; wing 2°3; tail 2°4; tarsus 0°95. ?. Total length 5:0 inches; culmen 0°5; wing 2°2; tail 2:0; tarsus 0°95. Hab. Northern Nigeria, ranging to the Shari River. Obs. Seven specimens of this new Cisticola were obtained. Unlike C. cinerascens, which is always to be found on the plains, this bird inhabits rocky hills. AMADINA SUDANENSIS, Sp. Nl. Adult male. Similar to A. fasciata (Gmel.), but differs in having the upper breast pale uniform fulvous and the flanks much less heavily barred, 105 ‘[Vol. xix. 6. Total length 4°8 inches; culmen 0°45; wing 2°5; tail 1-7; tarsus 0°5. Near Kukawa, Northern Nigeria, 22. xi. 05. ?. Total length 4°7 inches ; culmen 0:45 ; wing 2°5 ; tail 1:6; tarsus 0°6. Marfoni, N. Nigeria, 28. i. 05. Hab. Northern Nigeria, ranging to El Obeid, Sudan. On behalf of Mr. T. Parkin, Dr. C. B. Tictnurst ex- hibited a male specimen of the Sardinian Warbler (Sylvia melanocephala), which had been procured near Hastings on the 3rd of June, 1907. It was shot in some brambles along a country lane, and sent to Mr. G. Bristow, taxidermist, St. Leonard’s, who shewed it to Mr, Parkin in the flesh. This was the first really authentic occurrence of this Mediterranean bird in the British Islands, though Mr. W. D’Urban saw what was apparently a bird of this species in his garden at Exmouth on April 16, 1890. This was re- ferred to by Mr. Howard Saunders in his * Manual’ [ 2nd ed. p- 46 (1899)], and, as he states, there is not the least im- probability of this bird occurring in the British Isles, since it is common in the South of France and the Peninsula. Gatke mentions one occurrence in Heligoland on the authority of Reymers, who obtained one ‘‘ many years ago.” Mr. Oeitvie-Grant described and exhibited examples of six new species of African birds from the collection made by Mr. Douglas Carruthers :— CINNYRIS TANGANYICA#, Sp. Nn. Adult male. Nearly allied to C. bouviert, Shelley, but somewhat larger and with a longer bill; the pectoral tufts orange and yellow, instead of scarlet and yellow. Iris dark hazel, bill and feet black. Total length ca. 4°7 inches ; culmen 1°02; wing 2°25; tail 1°55; tarsus 0°65. Hab. West shore of Lake Tanganyika, 4000 feet, 4th Jan., 1907. Obs. In C. bouvieri the measurements of the male are as follows :—Total length 4°1 inches ; culmen 0°9; wing 271; tail 1:4; tarsus 0°62. Vol. xix. | 106 CINNYRIS MARGINATUS, Sp. 0. Adult male. Most nearly allied to C. reichenowi, Sharpe, but smaller, with a much shorter bill; the green of the uppersurface less golden ; the upper tail-coverts tipped with purplish-blue ; and the scarlet breast-feathers margined with bluish-purple. Iris dark hazel; bill and feet black. Total length ca. 3°6 inches; culmen 0°65; wing 1°86; tail 1°0; tarsus 0°5. Hab. Upper Congo, 2000 feet, 8th Feb., 1907. ANTHOTHREPTES CARRUTHERSI, Sp. 0. Adult male. Most nearly allied to the male of A. orientalis, Hart]., but differs in having the colour of the uppersurface of the tail of a more purplish-blue, but not so purple as in A. longuemarii (Less.). It differs from both these species in having the fore-neck and breast distinctly washed with pale buff and the axillary-tufts bright golden-yellow instead of pale chrome-yellow. Iris dark hazel; bill and feet black. Total length ca. 5°5 inches; wing 2°9-3:05 ; tail 2°25-2°3; tarsus 0°65. Adult female. Much like the female of A. longuemarii, the belly and under tail-coverts being sulphur-yellow. Iris dark hazel; bill and feet black. Total length ca. 5:0 inches ; wing 2°75; tail 1°95; tarsus 0°69. Hab. West shore of Lake Tanganyika, 3000 feet, 2nd and 3rd Jan., 1907. Obs. Dr. Reichenow has united A. vrientalis with A. longue- mari [cf. Vog. Afr. 11. p.446 (1905)}, but they appear to me to be perfectly distinct forms as admitted by Captain Shelley [B. Afr. ii. pp. 144-145 (1899)]. Mr. Carruthers procured two males and a female of this handsome new species. CRATEROPUS CARRUTHERSI, Sp. 0. Crateropus tanganjice, Shelley (nec Reichenow), Ibis, 1901, p. 170: Adult male. Nearly allied to C. tanganjice, Reich., but with the feathers of the nape and upper mantle uniform reddish-brown without dark middles, with no narrow black 107 [Vol. xix. cross-bars to the feathers of the back, and with only the chin black, whereas in C. tanganjice the black extends over the whole throat. Ins orange, bill black, feet brown. Total length ca. 9°5 inches; wing 4:1; tail 4°3; tarsus 1:4. Hab. Upper Congo, 2500 feet, 8th Jan., 1907. Obs. There is a second example of this species in the British Museum. It is also a male and was collected in Mambwe, immediately to the south of Lake Tanganyika, by Sir Alfred Sharpe. MuscicaPa BREVICAUDA, Sp. n. Muscicapa lugens, Shelley (nec Hartl.), Ibis, 1890, p. 158. Adult female. Very similar to M. cerulescens (Hartl.), but easily recognised by its smaller size and very much shorter tail. From M. lugens, which it resembles in having the chest and breast darker grey, it is distinguished by possessing a white band extending from the lores over the eye and white under wing-coverts. Iris dark hazel; upper mandible black, lower mandible grey; feet grey. ‘Total length ca. 4°8 inches ; wing 2°65 ; tail 1°8; tarsus 0°6. Hab. Upper Congo, 2000 feet, 21st Feb., 1907. Obs. A single specimen was procured by Mr. Douglas Carruthers. There is a second example of this species in the British Museum, which was procured at Yambuya on the Aruwimi River, Upper Congo, by the late Mr. J. S. Jameson aud wrongly identified with JZ. Jugens (vide supra). BakBATULA MFUMBIRI, sp. n. Adult male. Most nearly allied to B. lewcolema (Verr.), but larger, the chest greyish-white and the rest of the under- parts duller and of a more greenish-yellow colour. In the coloration of the underparts it closely resembles B. jacksoni, Sharpe, but the rump is pale sulphur-yellow, as in B. leuco- lema, and not bright chrome-yellow. Iris dark Hazel, bill and feet black. Total length ca. 4:0 inches; culmen 0°5 ; wing 2°3; tail 1:13; tarsus 0:6. Hab. Mfumbiro Volcano, 6000 feet, North of Lake Kivu, 26th Nov., 1906. VOL, XIX, Vol. xix.] 108 Mr. Octrvis-Grant likewise exhibited examples of two new African species, a Waxbill and a Barbet, and described them as follows :— EstTRILDA MACMILLANI, Sp. n. Adult male. Distinguished from £. occidentalis, Fras. & Jard., by its smaller size and the paler, more sandy colour of the upperparts. Total length ca. 3:2 inches; wing 1°75— 177 3 tail 1G; tarsus 0°55. Hab. Ibago, Baro River, 27th March, 1904. Obs. Three adult males, collected by Mr. P. C. Zaphiro, were presented to the British Museum by Mr. W. N. MeMillan, in whose honour the species has been named. BaRBATULA SHARPEI, sp. 0. Barbatula leucolema, Shelley {nec J. & E. Verr.), Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xix. p. 45, spec. f. (1891). Adu/t. Very similar in general appearance to B. /eucolema, J. & EK. Verr., but the white bands commencing above the eye and extending backwards over the ear-coverts as well as those extending from the lores to the white cheeks are absent ; the basal portion of the black feathers of the back is white instead of dark grey; the throat and chest yellowish- white ; the rest of the underparts pale clear yellow, with a patch of black-tipped feathers in the middle of the breast ; and the inner marginal under wing-coverts are black. ‘Total length ca. 3°8 inches; culmen 0°55 ; wing 2:1; tail 1:15; tarsus 0°65. Hab. Cape Coast Castle. Mr. Octtvie-Grant also exhibited, on behalf of Mr. Joun A. Bucxnit1, the rare or unknown eggs of the following species of birds from South Africa :— Eutolmaétus spilogaster. Matabeleland, 9. vil. O4. C. Wilde. Asturinula monogrammica. Matabeleland. C.W. (Ht therto unknown.) Poliohierax semitorquatus. |Wolmaranstad, Transyaal, 15. x. 05. Austin Roberts. 109 [Woli-sise Turdus cabanisi. Kromdraii, 9. xi. 03. A. R. Tarsiger stellatus. Kilgobbin, Natal, 1.11.00. A. R. Khinopomastus cyanomelas. Potchefstroom, Transvaal, poe. OFS 6 A We Guttera edouardi. laid in captivity, Pretoria Zoological Gardens, 18. x. 04. Stephanibyx melanopterus. Indhlovudwalilie, E. Trans- vaal, x. 06. C. Hy Taylor Mr. C. F. M. Swynnerton exhibited examples of two new Flycatchers from Gazaland, which he proposed to describe as :— BaTIS ERYTHROPHTHALMA, sp. n. B. similis B. capenst, sed crassitie minore, et iridibus coccineis, minime flavis distinguenda. Long. tot. 4°5 poll., culm. 0°65, alee 2-4, caudz 1°75, tarsi 0°85. Hab. Chirinda Forest, 2900 feet. TROCHOCERCUS MEGALOLOPHUS, Sp. Nn. T. similis T. cyanomelani, sed crist& valde longiore (1:45), usque ad interscapulum summum producta: plaga alari alba minore: caud& magis schistacea distinguendus. Long. tot. 5°8 poll., culm. 0°6, alze 2°75, caudze 2°85, tarsi 0:7. Hab. Jiu district, 2000 feet. Mr. Swynnerton also exhibited nests of Nectarinia arturi, Sclater, and of Cyanomitra olivacea (Smith), taken respec- tively at Melsetter, 6000 feet, and in the Chirinda Forest, at 3700 feet. He also showed eggs of Cyanomitra olivacea, Lantarius quadricolor, Phyllostrophus flavistriatus, Phyllostro- phus milanjensis, Coliuspasser ardens, Erithacus swynnertoni, Tarsiger stellatus,Cossypha natalensis, and Smithornis capensis, all taken in or near the Chirinda Forest, 3500 to 4000 feet. Mr. H. E. Drusszr exhibited young birds in down of the following species :—Rhodostethia rosea, Tringa maculata, and Limosa nove zealandie, all of which had been obtained by Mr. S. A. Buturlin at the mouth of the Kolyma, N.E. Siberia. Vol. xix.] 110 Mr. D. Seru-Smiru exhibited a male example of the African Weaver, Spermospiza rubricapilla, shot by his brother, Mr. L. M. Seth-Smith, in the Budongo Forest, Uganda, on the 7th cf March, 1907. The species was previously known only from some three or four female speci- mens, and Mr. Seth-Smith described the male as follows :— Adult male. Fintire head, front of the neck and chest bright glossy crimson ; remainder of the plumage black, with the exception of the upper tail-coverts, which are crimson. Bill indigo-blue, with the edges of the mandibles crimson. Total length 6:0 inches, culmen 0°7, wing 3:0, tail 2:3, tarsus 0'9. Mr. Sera-Smitu also exhibited an immature male ex- ample of the rare African Pigeon Columba unicincta, in which most of the feathers were broadly tipped with chest- nut; and remarked that a descripuon of this bird, which had also been procured by his brother, was about to appear in § The Ibis.’ Mr. Seru-Smiru further exhibited a female example of the Australian Swamp-Quail (Synecus australis), shot by Mr. Robin Kemp, at Umawera, Hokianga, New Zealand, where, according to the collector, the species is compara- tively common. The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 16th of October, 1907, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C. [N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publication. | (Signed) P. L. Scrater, W. R. Ocirvin-Granzt, Chairman, Editor. abbotti, Ibis, 65. Acanthis hornemanni, 18. rostrata, 18. Accentor nipalensis, 19. talifuensis, 19. Acrocephalus phragmitis, 22. streperus, 18. Aédon galactodes minor, 24. Adgialitis alexandrina, 66. hiaticola, 66. vociferus, 65. Aégithalus roseus, 22. segyptius, Milvus, 70. eequatorialis, Cistothorus, 76. zesalon, Falco, 21. zethiopica, Ibis, 64. affinis, Phoethornis, 55. africana, Mirafra, 92, ) >. africanus, Cypselus, 56. alba, Motacilla, 70. albicillus, Heleodytes, 34. albilora, Synallaxis, 54. albofasciata, Certhilauda, 83. Alcippe obscurior, 14. Alectrcenas pulcherrimus, 65. sganzini, 65. Alethe carruthersi, 20. ‘—— castanonota, 25. diademata, 24. woosnami, 24. alexandrina, Agialitis, 66. Alseonax czerulescens, 19. — griseigularis, 19. subadusta, 31. altera, Pyrrhula, 19. alticola, Cistothorus, 75. Amadina fasciata, 104. sudanensis, 104. amazonum, Pyrrhura, 8. americana, Mareca, 57. americanus, Cocecyzus, 65. Ammodramus bimaculatus, 74. - caribeus, 74. obseurus, 74. passerinus, 74. VOL. XIX. INDEX. Ammodramus savyannarum, 73. intricatus, 73. Ampelis garrulus, 76. andersoni, Gennzus, 13, andrei, Chetura, 63. anglorum, Puffinus, 38. angolensis, Mirafra, 94. annamensis, Gennzus, 13. Anoplops hoffmannsi, 52. ruficula, 53. Anser arvensis, 57. brachyrhynchus, 57. segetum, 70. ansorgeanus, Criniger, 97. ansorgel, Apalis, 94. , Sylvietta, 97. ——, Xenocopsychus, 82. Anthothreptes carruthersi, 106. longuemarii, 106. orientalis, 106. Anthus brachyurus, 26. cervinus, 70. leggei, 26. Apalis ansorgei, 94. denti, 86. rufogularis, 86. apoda, Paradisea, 101. Ardea cinerea, 66, 86. ardens, Coliuspasser, 109. argentatus, Larus, 66. argentina, Synallaxis, 74. arminjoniana, Cistrelata, 98. arturi, Nectarinia, 30, 109. arvensis, Anser, 57, Astrapia nigra, 8. rothschildi, 7, 8. Asturinula monogrammica, 108. athi, Mirafra, 93. atricapilla, Muscicapa, 3i. atricollis, Hremomela, 94. aucklandica, Gallinago, 73. aureiventer, Zosterops, 10. australis, Cryptospiza, 42. , Syneecus, 109. ——, Telephonus, 22. Vol. xix. | baeri, Paroaria, 43. bairdi, Tringa, 37. Balzeniceps rex, 70. balzani, Thalurania, 9. Barbatula jacksoni, 108. leucoleema, 107, 108. — mfumbiri, 107. sharpei, 108. barbatus, Criniger, 97. batesi, Caprimulgus, 18. Bathmedonia ruta, 46. talboti, 46. Batis capensis, 109. erythrophthalma, 109. bedfordi, Pholidornis, 41, 42. , Trochocercus, 40, 88. beli, Geunzeus, 13. benguellensis, Erythropygia, 96. Bernicla ruficollis, 21. bicolor, Cossypha, 23. , Huethia, 6, 7. bimaculata, Pecilodryas, 51. bimaculatus, Ammodramus, 74. Bleda syndactyla, 87. woosnami, 87. bohndorffii, Phyllanthus, 40. borbe, Phlegopsis, 53. borealis, Motacilla, 28, 24. bouvieri, Cinnyris, 105. brachydactyla, Calandrella, 70. Brachypteryx nipalensis, 10. wrayi, 10. brachyrhynchus, Anser, 57. brachyura, Cheetura, 63. brachyurus, Anthus, 26. brevicauda, Muscicapa, 107. brooki, Trichoglossus, 102. brunneus, Schceniparus, 14. eabanisi, Turdus, 109. ceerulescens, Alseonax, 19. , Muscicapa, 107. Calamocichla chadensis, 63. leptorhyncha, 65. Calamonastes fasciolatus, 97. pallidior, 97. Calandrella brachydactyla, 70. minor, 70. Calcarius lapponicus, 18. calidris, Totanus, 66. Callene cyornithopsis, 46. lopezi, 46. Calliope davidi, 51. Campophaga hartlaubi, 88. nigra, 87, 88. petiti, 87. canibuccalis, Conurus, 48, 64. cannabina, Linota, 7, 71. canorus, Cuculus, 21. cantiaca, Sterna, 66. 112 canus, Larus, 66. capensis, Batis, 109. , Phalacrocorax, 64. , Smithornis, 109. Caprimulgus batesi, 18. elaudi, 47. fervidus, 47. goslingi, 47. —— nigriscapularis, 18. trimaculatus, 47. caribeus, Ammodramus, 74. Carpodacus erythrinus, 18. femininus, 31. thura, 31. carruthersi, Alethe, 25. , Anthothreptes, 106. , Crateropus, 106. castaneithorax, Munia, 38, 39. castanonota, Alethe, 25. castro, Oceanodroma, 20. caurensis, Sclateria, 9. Certhilauda albofasciata, 83. erikssoni, 82. cervinus, Anthus, 70. chadensis, Calamocichla, 63. Chetura andrei, 65.» meridionalis, 63. brachyura, 65. chapmani, 62. cinereicauda, 62, 63. pelagica, 62. chapmani, Cheetura, 62. Charmosyna papuensis, 28. stelle, 28. wahnesi, 27. chinensis, Cissa, 12. Chloropeta gracilirostris, 33. —— kenya, 33. massaica, 32. storeyi, 32. umbriniceps, 32. Cicinnurus goodfellowi, 39, 100. lyogyrus, 89, 40. — regius, 40. Cincelus schulzi, 49. cineracea, Nonuula, 55. cinerascens, Cisticola, 104, cinerea, Ardea, 66, 86. cinereicauda, Cheetura, 62, 63. Cinnyris bouvieri, 105. marginatus, 106. niasse, 31. reichenowi, 106. tanganyice, 105. venusta niasse, 31. Cissa chinensis, 12. gabrielle, 12. jeftreyi, 9. —— minor, 9. robinson, 9. Cisticola cinerascens, 104. petrophila, 104. Cistothorus eequatorialis, 76. alticola, 75. eidouxi, 75. —— graminicola, 75. platensis, 75. meridz, 74, 76. polyglottus, 75. claudi, Caprimulgus, 47. Coccycolius iris, 29. Coccyzus americanus, 65. celebs, Fringilla, 7. colchicus, Phasianus x Chrysolophus pictus, 34. Coliuspasser ardens, 109. collsi, Hrythropygia, 46. Columba palumbus, 89. unicincta, 109. Colymbus septentrionalis, 65, 66. congicus, Erythrocercus, 41. Conurus canibuccalis, 48, 64. weddellii, 64. Copsychus, 82. seychellarum, 82. cornix, Corvus, 70. coronatus, Malimbus, 18. Corvus cornix, 70. Cossypha bicolor, 23. natalensis, 109. cranbrooki, Miratra, 88. Crateropus carruthersi, 106. tanganyice, 106, 107. crawfordi, Gygis, 65. Crex crex, 42. Criniger barbatus, 97. ansorgeanus, 97. crispus, Pelecanus, 23. cristata, Fuligula, 66. cristatus, Podicipes, 66. , Regulus, 21. Cryptospiza australis, 42, —— ocularis, 42. reichenowi, 42. salvadorii, 42. sharpei, 46. Cuculus canorus, 21. Cursorius gallicus, 70. Cyanecula leucocyanea, 31. suecica, 18. cyanocephala, Palzeornis, 50. cyanocephalus, Scolecopbagus, 36. cyanomelas, Rhinopomastus, 109. , Trochocercus, 109. Cyanomitra olivacea, 109. cyornithopsis, Callene, 4. Cypselus africanus, 56. maximus, 56. ezarnikowi, Phyllanthus, 40. damarensis, Erythropygia, 96. 113 davidi, Calliope, 51. defilippi, Trupialis, 43. delicata, Gallinago, 75. demersus, Spheniscus, 64. denti, Apalis, 86. , Pholidornis, 41. , Sylviella, 25. diademata, Alethe, 24. diardi, Lophura, 14. dilectissima, Urochroma, 77. diops, Hemitriccus, 76. dohertyi, Mirafra africana, 93. dresseri, Somateria, 81. Dryonastes germaini, 13. vassali, 13. dubia, Gallinago, 73. edouardi, Guttera, 109. eidouxi, Cistothorus, 75. ellioti, Trochaloupterum, 32. Emberiza hortulana, 18. pusilla, 18. Emberizoides macrourus, 28. hypochondriacus, 28. Eos goodfellowi, 102. —— riciniatus obiensis, 102. rubra, 102. Epimachus speciosus, 100. Eremomela atricollis, 94. erikssoni, Certhilauda, 82. erithacus, Pyrrhula, 19. Erithacus swynnertoni, 109. erythrinus, Carpodacus, 18. Erythrocercus congicus, 41. macealli, 41. erythrophthalma, Batis, 109. erythropterus, Phlegopsis, 54. Erythropygia collsi, 46. hamertoni, 24. —— leucosticta, 46. paena, 96. benguellensis, 96. damarensis, 96. —— pena, 24. reichenowi, 95. Hstrilda maemillani, 108. occidentalis, 108. Huethia bicolor, 6, 7. johnstonei, 6. omissa, 6. Kuprinodes nigrescens, 9d. Eutolmaétus spilogaster, 108. exilis, Indicator, 20. explorator, Monticola, 23. Falco xsalon, 21. fasciata, Amadina, 104. fasciolatus, Calamonastes, 97. fez, Gstrelata, 37. femininus, Carpodacus, 31. ferina, Nyroca, 60. [ Vol. xix. Vol. xix.] fervidus, Caprimulgus, 47. finschi, Palzornis, 50. flava, Motacilla, 24. flavipes, Totanus, 37. flaviprymna, Munia, 38, 39. flavistriatus, Phyllostrophus, 109. flaviventris, Sylviella, 25. foersteri, Henicophaps, 28. frenata, Gallinago, 73. Fringilla ccelebs, 7. Fuligula cristata, 66. fuscicollis, Tringa, 37. gabriella, Cissa, 12. galactodes, Aédon, 24. gallarum, Mirafra, 84. gallicus, Cursorius, 70. Gallinago aucklandica, 73. delicata, 73. dubia, 73. frenata, 73. gallinago, 66. gallinula, 73. major, 73. megala, 73. nigripennis, 73. nobilis, 73. paraguay, 73. raddii, 73. solitaria, 73. - stenura, 73. gallinula, Gallinago, 73. garrulus, Ampelis, 76. Gecinus guerini, 32. robinsoni, 11, sordidior, 32. Gennzus andersoni, 13. annamensis, 13. beli, 13. —— nycthemerus, 14. oatesi, 14. germaini, Dryonastes, 13. , Polyplectron, 14. i goodfellowi, Cicinnurus, 39, 100. , Eos, 102 goslingi, Caprimulgus, 47. gracilirostris, Chloropeta, 33. , Stelgidillas, 20. graminicola, Cistothorus, 795. graueri, Serinus, 84. gregarius, Vanellus, 85. griseigularis, Alseonax, 19. grisescens, Mirafra, 94. grisola, Muscicapa, 31. guerini, Gecinus, 32. guianensis, Phoethornis, 55. gujanensis, Synallaxis, 54. gularis, Paroaria, 43. guttata, Spermospiza, 32. Guttura edouardi, 109. Gygis crawfordi, 65. Pues eiet | 114. Gymnobucco peli, 42. sladeni, 42. Gymnopithys, 53. haliaetus, Pandion, 65. hamertoni, Erythropygia, 24. hartlaubi, Campophaga, 88. helenz, Parotia, 8. Heleodytes albicillus, 54, —— simonsi, 34. Helianthea phalerata, 29. hellmayri, Sisopygis, 63. Hemitriccus diops, 76. Henicophaps albifrons, 28. foersteri, 28. herberti, Sycobrotus, 88. Heteroscops luciz, 11. vulpes, 11. hiaticola, Aigialitis, 66. himalayensis, Regulus, 19. Hirundo rufula, 18. hoffmannsi, Anoplops, 52. hornemanni, Acanthis, 18. hortulana, Emberiza, 18. humaythe, Sclateria schistacea, 51. hyperboreus, Lagopus, 77. , Phalaropus, 66. hypermetra, Mirafra, 84. hyperythra, Muscicapula, 10. hypochloris, Stelgidillas, 20. hypochondriacus, Emberizoides, 28. Ibis abbotti, 65. zethiopica, 64. iboensis, Turdinus, 84. icterophrys, Sisopygis, 63. ignicapillus, Regulus, 22. iliacus, Turdus, 59. Indicator exilis, 20. narokensis, 20. insignis, Sycobrotus, 88. intermedia, Paleornis, 49, 50. intricatus, Ammodramus, 73. iris, Coccycolius, 29. Irrisor viridis, 28. jacksoni, Barbatula, 108. jeffreyi, Cissa, 9. jelskii, Thalurania, 8, 9. jobiensis, Paradisea, 101. johnstonei, Kuethia, 6. johnstonii, Tarsiger, 33. kenya, Chloropeta, 33. kibaliensis, Trochocercus, 88. kilimensis, Nectarinia, 30. Lagopus hyperboreus, 77. Laniarius quadricolor, 109. lapponicus, Calcarius, 18. Larus argentatus, 66. Larus canus, 66. ridibundus, 66, 67. Larvivora obscura, 51. ruficeps, 50. latipennis, Lophorina, 92. leggei, Anthus, 26. leptorhyncha, Calamocichla, 63. leucerodia, Platalea, 38. leucocyanea, Cyanecula, 31. leucolema, Barbatula, 107, 108. leucorrhoa, Oceanodroma, 20. leucosticta, Erythropygia, 46. leucostigma, Sclateria, 51. Leucuria phalerata, 29. Limosa nove zealandiz, 109. Linota cannabina, 7, 71. longuemarii, Anthothreptes, 106. lopezi, Callene, 46. Lophorina minor, 92. latipennis, 92. Lophura diardi, 14. lucize, Heteroscops, 11. lugens, Muscicapa, 107. lyogyrus, Cicinnurus, 39, 40. maccalli, Erythrocercus, 41. macmillani, Estrilda, 108. macrourus, Emberizoides, 28. macrura, Sterna, 18. macularia, Tringoides, 65. maculata, Tringa, 109. major, Gallinago, 73. malayana, Muscicapula, 10. Malimbus coronatus, 18. Mareca americana, 57. marginatus, Cinnyris, 106. maritima, ‘Tringa, 66. massaica, Chloropeta, 32. maximus, Cypselus, 56. megala, Gallinago, 73. megalolophus, Trochocercus, 109. melanocephala, Sylvia, 105. Melanocorypha sibirica, 58. yeltoniensis, 57, 59, 64. melanoleucus, Totanus, 7. melanopterus, Stephanibyx, 109. Melizophilus undatus, 66. meridz, Cistothorus, 74, 76. meridionalis, Cheetura andrei, 63. merula, Turdus, 31. mfumbiri, Barbatula, 107. migratorius, Turdus, 36. Milvus egyptius, 70. minor, Aédon, 24. , Calandrella, 70. ——, Cissa, 9. ——, Lophorina, 92. , Paradisea, 101. ninutilla, Tringa, 37. Mirafra africana, 92, 98. 115 [Vol. xix. Mirafra africana athi, 93. dohertyi, 93. —— —— grisescens, 94. occidentalis, 93, 94. pallidior, 94. transvaalensis, 94. tropicalis, 92, 93. angolensis, 94. eranbrooki, 88. —— hypermetra, 84. gallarum, 84. modesta, Siptornis, 76. mollissima, Somateria, 80, 81. moloneyanus, Turdinus, 84. monogrammica, Asturinula, 108. Monticola explorata, 23. moorei, Phoethornis affinis, 5+. moreire, Synallaxis, 76. Motacilla alba, 70. borealis, 23, 24. flava, 24. Munia castaneithorax, 38, 39. flaviprymna, 38, 39. Muscicapa atricapilla, 31. brevicauda, 107. —— czrulescens, 107. —-- grisola, 31. lugens, 107. parva, 18, 31. Muscicapula hyperythra, 10. malayana, 10. pallidipectus, 10. Musciphaga obsoleta, 76. narokensis, Indicator, 20. natalensis, Cossypha, 119. nattereri, Pipra, 49. Nectarinia arturi, 30, 109. kilimensis, 30. neglectus, Phalacrocorax, 64. niassz, Cinnyris, 31. nigra, Astrapia, 8. , Campophaga, 87, 88. ——, Rhynchops, 65. nigrescens, Huprinodes, 95. nigripennis, Gallinago, 73. nigriscapularis, Caprimulgus, 18. nigriventris, Peecilodryas, 51. nigrogularis, Trichoglossus, 102. nigromitratus, Trochocercus, 2). nipalensis, Accentor, 19. , Brachypteryx, 10. nisoria, Sylvia, 89. nitens, Trochocercus, 40. nobilis, Gallinago, 73. Nonnula cineracea, 55. —— rubecula, 59d. sclateri, 55. nove zealandis, Limosa, 109. Numenius phzopus, 66. nycthemerus, Genneus, 14. Vol. xe, Nyroca ferina, 66. oatesi, Genneeus, 14. obiensis, Eos riciniatus, 102. obseura, Larvivora, 51. obseurior, Alcippe, 14. obscurus, Ammodramus, 74. obsoleta, Musciphaga, 76. occidentalis, Estrilda, 108. , Mirafra africana, 93, 94. Oceanodroma castro, 20. leucorrhoa, 20. ocellatus, Rheinhardtius, 14. ochraceiventris, Phoethornis aflinis, ocularis, Cryptospiza, 42. (éidicnemus cedicnemus, 66. Cistrelata arminjoniana, 98. fez, 37. wilsoni, 98. olivacea, Cyanomitra, ]09. olivaceus, Vireo, 65. omissa, Euethia, 6. orientalis, Anthothreptes, 106. Otis tarda, 66. paena, Erythropygia, 96. Palzornis cyanocephala, 50. finschi, 50. intermedia, 49, 50. schisticeps, 49, 50. pallidior, Calamonastes, 97. , Mirafra, 94. pallidipectus, Muscicapula, 10. palumbus, Columba, 85. Pandion haliaétus, 65. papuensis, Charmosyna, 28. Paradisea apoda, 101. jobiensis, 101. minor, 101. — rubra, 101. paraguay, Gallinago, 73. Paroaria baeri, 43. gularis, 43. Parotia helene, 8. wahnesi, 7, 8. parva, Muscicapa, 18, 31. passerinus, Ammodramus, 74. pectoralis, Sarciophorus, 102. pelagica, Cheetura, 62, Pelecanus crispus, 28. peli, Gymnobuco, 42. permagnus, Sphenocereus, 12. peteti, Campophaga, 87. petrophila, Cisticola, 104. phzopus, Numenius, 66. Phalacrocorax capensis, 64. neglectus, 64. Phalaropus hyperboreus, 66. phalerata, Helianthea, 29. , Leucuria, 29. 116 Phasianus colchicus x Chrysolophus pictus, 34. Phlegopsis borbe, 53. —-— erythropterus, 54, Phoethornis affinis, 55. -—— moorei, 54. —— —-- ochraceiventris, 54, guianensis, 55. Pholidornis bedfordi, 41, 42. denti, 41. rushise, 41, 42. phragmitis, Acrocephalus, 22. Phyllanthus bohndorffi, 40. czarnikowi, 40. Phylloscopus superciliosus, 18. tristis, 18. Phyllostrophus fiavistriatus, 109. milanjensis, 109. picta, Pyrrhura, 8. pictus, Chrysolophus xX colchicus, 34. pilaris, Turdus, 31. Pipra nattereri, 49. piseator, Sula, 64, 65. Pitta soror, 14. Platalea leucerodia, 38. platensis, Cistothorus, 75. Podicipes cristatus, 66. Peecilodryas bimacuiata, 51. nigriventris, 51. pena, Erythropygia, 24. poliogenys, Spermospiza, 32. Poliohierax semitorquatus, 108. polyglottus, Cistothorus, 75. Polyplectron germaini, 14. Puffinus anglorum, 38. pulcherrimus, Alectroenas, 59. pusilla, Emberiza, 18. , Spizella, 65. Pyrrhula altera, 19. erithacus, 19. Pyrrhura picta, 8. amazonum, 8. Phasianus quadricolor, Laniarius, 109. raddii, Gallinago, 73. regius, Cicinnurus, 40. Regulus cristatus, 21. himalayensis, 19. ignicapillus, 22. yunnanensis, 19. reichenowi, Cinnyris, 106. , Cryptospiza, 42. -—, Erythropygia, 95. rex, Balzeniceps, 70. Rheinhardtius ocellatus, 14. Rhinopomastus cyanomelas, 109. Rhodostethia rosea, 6, 10%). Rhynchops nigra, 65. ridibundus, Larus, 66, 67. ringvia, Uria, 65. robinsoni, Cissa, 9. , Gecinus, 1]. , Sphenocercus, 12. rosea, Rhodostethia, 6, 109. roseus, Aivithalus, 22. rostrata, Acanthis, 18. rothschildi, Astrapia, 7, 8. rubecula, Nonnula, 55. rubra, Kos, 102. , Paradisea, 101. rubricapilla, Spermospiza, 109. rufa, Bathmedonia, 46. ruficeps, Larvivora, 50. ruficollis, Bernicla, 21. rufigula, Anoplops, 53. ——, Turdus, 53. rufogularis, Apalis, 86. rufula, Hirundo, 18. rushize, Pholidornis, 41, 42. ruwenzorii, Tarsiger, 33. salvadorii, Oryptospiza, 42. Sarciophorus pectoralis, 102. saturata, Thalurania, 9. savannarum, Ammodramus, 73. schisticeps, Palzeornis, 49, 50. Scheeniparus brunneus, 14. superciliaris, 14. schulzi, Cinclus, 49. sclateri, Nonnula, 55. Sclateria leucostigma, 51. schistacea caurensis, 9. humaythee, 51. Scolecophagus cyanocephalus, 36. Scytalopus spelunce, 76. sylvestris, 76. segetum, Anser, 70. semitorquatus, Poliohierax, 108. septentrionalis, Colymbus, 65, 66. Serinus striolatus, 84. graueri, 84. seychellarum, Copsychus, 82. sganzini, Alectroenas, 65. sharpei, Barbatula, 108. , Cryptospiza, 46. sibirica, Melanocorypha, 58. simoni, Synallaxis, 54. , Lhalurania, 8. simonsi, Heleodytes, 34. Siptornis modesta, 76. Sisopygis hellmayri, 63. icterophrys, 63. sladeni, Gymnobucco, 42. Smithornis capensis, 109. solitaria, Gallinago, 73. solitarius, Totanus, 35. Somateria dresseri, 81. mollissima, 80, 81. [ Vol. xix. Somateria spectabilis, 81. stelleri, $1. y-nigrum, 80. sordidior, Gecinus, 32. soror, Pitta, 14. speciosus, Kpimachus, 100. spectabilis, Somateria, 81. speluncze, Scytalophus, 76. Spermospiza guttata, 32. poliogenys, 32. rubricapilla, 109, Spheniscus demersus, 64. Sphenocercus permaguus, 12. —- robinsoni, 12. spilogaster, Eutolmaétus, 108. Spizella pusilla, 65. Stelgidillas gracilirostris, 20. hypochloris, 20. stellz, Charmosyna, 27, 28. stellatus, Tarsiger, 109. stelleri, Somateria, 81. stenura, Gallinago, 73. Stephanibyx melanopterus, 109. Sterna cantiaca, 66. macrura, 18. storeyi, Chloropeta, 32. streperus, Acrocephalus, 18. striolatus, Serinus, 84. subadusta, Alseonax, 31. sudanensis, Amadina, 104. suecica, Cyanecula, 18. Sula piscator, 64, 65. superciliaris, Schceniparus, 14. superciliosus, Phylloscopus, 18. swynnertoni, Hrithacus, 109. Sycobrotus herberti, 88. insignis, 88. sylvestris, Scytalopus, 76. Sylvia melanocephala, 105. nisoria, 89. Sylviella denti, 25. flaviventris, 25. Sylvietta ansorgei, 97. Synallaxis albilora, 54. gujanensis, 54. maximiliani, 74. argentina, 74. — moreire, 76. simoni, 54. syndactyla, Bleda, 87. Synecus australis, 109. tahanensis, Zosterops, 10. talboti, Bathmedonia, 46. talifuensis, Accentor, 19. tanganyicz, Cinnyris, 105. -——, Crateropus, 106, 107. tarda, Otis, 66. Tarsiger johnstoni, 33, ruwenzorii, 33. stellatus, 109. Vol. xix. | tchagra, Telephonus, 22. Telephonus australis, 22. tchagra, 22. Thalurania balzani, 9. jelskii, 8, 9. schistacea saturata, 9. - simoni, 8. thura, Carpodacus, 31. toroensis, rochocereus, 20. Totanus calidris, 66. flavipes, 37. melanoleucus, 7. solitarius, 35. transvaalensis, Mirafra, 94, Trichoglossus brooki, 102. ——- nigrogularis, 102. trimaculatus, Caprimulgus, 47. Tringa bairdi, 37. —— fuscicollis, 37. maculata, 109. —— maritima, 66. minutilla, 37. Tringoides macularia, 65. tristis, Phylloscopus, 18. Trochalopterum ellioti, 32. yunnanense, 32. Trochocercus bedfordi, 40, 88. cyanomelas, 109. ——- kibaliensis, 88. megalolophus, 109. nigromitratus, 20. nitens, 40. toroensis, 20. troile, Uria, 65. tropicalis, Mirafra, 92, 93. ‘Trupialis defilippii, 43. Turdinus moloneyanus, 84. iboensis, 84. Turdus cabanisi, 108. iliacus, 59. 118 Turdus merula, 31. migratorius, 36. —— pilaris, 31. rufigula, 53. umbriniceps, Chloropeta, 32. undatus, Melizophilus, 66. unicinecta, Columba, 109. Uria troile, 65. , var. ringvia, 65. Urochroma dilectissima, 77. y-nigrum, Somateria, 80. Vanellus gregarius, 85. vanellus, 66. vassali, Dryonastes, 13. venusta niass, Cinnyris, 31. Vireo olivaceus, 65. viridis, Irrisor, 23. vociferus, Adgialitis, 65. vulpes, Heteroscops, 11. wahnesi, Charmosyna, 27. , Parotia, 7, 8. weddellii, Conurus, 64. wilsoni, Cistrelata, 98. woosnami, Alethe, 24. , Bleda, 87. wrayi, Brachypteryx, 10. Xenocopsychus, 81. —— ansorgei, 82. yeltoniensis, Melanocorypha, 57, 59, 64 yunuanense, Trochalopterum, 32. yunnanensis, Regulus, 19. Zosterops aureiventer, 10. tahanensis, 10. Printed by Taytor and Francis, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street. BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISIS CLUB. EDITED BY W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT. VOLUME XxX. “REPORT ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF SUMMER RESIDENTS IN THE SPRING OF 1906. BY : THE COMMITTEE APPOINTED BY THE BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB. LO N D O N : WITHERBY & CO., 326, HIGH HOLBORN. He Zeeortan Instityy > | APRIL, 1907. BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB. EDITED BY W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT. VOLUME Xx. REPORT ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF SUMMER i SHON LS! ENG ELE SPELNG OF 1906; BY THE COMMITTEE APPOINTED BY THE BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB. . LONDON: WITHERBY & CO., 326, HIGH HOLBORN. APRIL, 1907. PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STRERT. CONTENTS. PREFACE INTRODUCTORY RepoRT ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF :— THe Ring-OvuzeL Map Tur WHEATEAR ... Map Tur WHINCHAT ... Map THE REDSTART Map Tue NIGHTINGALE Map THE WHITETHROAT Map Tur Lasser WHITETHROAT Map Tur BLACKCAP ... aus Map ... THE GARDEN- WARBLER NIETO oe Tur GRASSHOPPER-WARBLER ... GT eon eae ne PAGE Tue CHIFFCHAFF Maps ... THE WILLOW-WARBLER Map: cs THE Woop-WaARBLER ... Map Tur REED-WARBLER Map THE SEDGE-WARBLER . Map THE WHITE WAGTAIL ... Map THe YELLOW WaAGTAIL Map THE TREE-PIPIT ... Map THE RED-BACKED SHRIKE Map THE Sporrep FLYCATCHER Map Tue Prep FLYCATCHER TuHE SwaLLow Maps ... Tue Hovusr-MarrTin Maps ... THE SAND-MARTIN Maps .. THE SwIFT Map... divs ING (CH EMtapNIR, Se ae L REPORT ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF (continued) :— PAGE Gs 78 and 79 80 87 119 126 and 127 ee C2 134 and 135 eee lft) 140 and 141 REPORT ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF (continued) :— THE WRYNECK ... Ree cn ae ny. vie ... 155 Map a THE CucKoo aie ae Ase Be ee aoe nog, SY NED ae a BA nee mins ah en Son ha Tue Turtie-Dove a aa he aa 9 noo J@IL Map ... ie sen VUE aaa a) Le A Ge THE Lanp-Ratz ... sai es BL ie So ... 165 Map ... ne ae ae com abe Bas PenlGG THE Common SANDPIPER oN 5S ate Lie ... 169 Maps: ae oes ae ae = as soa, LAO) THE Common TERN ae ar, ave i, Ms son ya! THe Littte Tern see ree aa ay: ie AG UNSCHEDULED Birps tee ae a ae ee pice nore EAP Map oF OBsrRvERS anp Liguts : List oF OBSERVERS AND LiGHTHOUSES A ae Kon eles PREFACE. THE twentieth volume of the British Ornithologists’ Club contains the report of our Migration Committee on the movements in Hngland and Wales of a number of common migratory species during the spring and early summer of 1906. Mr. H. F. Witherby having tendered his resignation and Mr. M. J. Nicoll having accepted an appointment in the Ghizeh Zoological Gardens in Cairo, it became necessary to appoint two new members, and Messrs. C. B. Rickett and C. B. Ticehurst were elected to fill the vacancies on the Sub-Committee. The Members of our Migration Committee are jointly responsible for the following report, but the preliminary work of sending out the schedules and classifying the records devolved largely on Mr. J. L. Bonhote, the Honorary Secretary ; while the maps have been prepared by Dr. N. F, Ticehurst. W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT, Editor. British Muszum (Narurat History), Lonpon, S.W. 8th April, 1907. REPORT ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF SUMMER RESIDENTS IN THE SPRING OF 1906. INTRODUCTORY. WHEN submitting our first Report at the meeting of the Club held on the 21st of February 1906, we appealed for financial aid to enable the Migration Committee to continue their work, as it was apparent, that unless the investi- gations could be carried on over a certain number of years, no definite results could be obtained. We have now the pleasure of submitting our second Report, which deals with the spring immigration of 1906, and of tendering our best thanks to those members of the Club who by their kind subscriptions have enabled the work to be carried on, and more especially to an anonymous donor, who has promised a considerable sum for a term of years. The enquiry having been thus placed on a permanent footing, we believe that in a few years results of considerable value may be obtained. ‘Uhere have been some changes in the Committee, both Mr. Nicoll and Mr. Witherby having resigned, and we wish to record here our deep appreciation of these gentlemen’s services. In their place Messrs. C. B. Rickett and C. B. Ticehurst have been elected to the Committee. The former has already displayed great interest in the question of migration, and has prepared a brief description of our common summer-immigrants, to facilitate their identification. This has been printed as a small pamphlet and distributed to the Light-keepers. B 10 / We have again to tender our grateful thanks to the many observers who have sent in Schedules weekly, and without whose assistance this enquiry would have been impossible. In response to suggestions from many quarters, we have this year published a list of these observers ; and by referring to this, it will be seen that many districts are still but sparsely watched. We shall therefore feel grateful to anyone who can furnish us with the names and addresses of com- petent observers who would be likely to co-operate in the work. The Master and Elder Brethren of Trinity House have again allowed us to obtain wings and statistics from the Lighthouses and to them, as well as to the Keepers who hare regularly supplied information, we would tender our heartiest thanks. A somewhat hostile review of our first Report appeared in ‘Nature’ on the 6th of September 1906, and as we consider it was misleading, we feel justified in answering some of the points raised. The writer of the review appeared to think that the work done by the British Association Committee was complete and final, and that until “new methods” were applied further investigation would not be likely to lead to any results commensurate with the labours involved ; but, as the B.A. Committee stated that they had ‘‘ no wish to discourage the prosecution of observations,” we consider ourselves justified in continuing the work. The sending in of weekly schedules by many observers and our investigations of the inland migra- tions, which, as the B.A. Committee specially mention in their final report, have been hitherto untouched, are undoubtedly “new methods ” of dealing with this dificult subject. The reviewer also regretted that we should have published a Report on the work of a single season, but he seems to have forgetten that we were only elected for one year, and that we could hardly ask for further support without showing the members of the Club our methods and the results obtained. It was made very clear in the Introduction that the first Report only showed the results of one year and that Uk we had especially refrained from generalizing. We are still determined to issue an annual Report for several years, each of which will deal solely with the immigrations for that year, but we do not propose to draw any comparisons or gener- alizations until the work has been continued over a series of years. This point cannot be too much emphasized. The reviewer does not believe that the arrival of birds is influenced so much by the weather conditions of the English Channel as by those at the point of departure. With this opinion we entirely agree, but the difficulty is to ascertain from whence the birds started—whether from Africa, Spain, the Mediterranean, or the opposite coast of France. Had the reviewer carefully read the Introduction he would have found that the weather on both sides of the Channel was taken into account. The present Report deals solely with the spring immigration of 1906, and is not compared with the work of the former season. ? This year five other species have been added to the list of scheduled birds, viz., the White Wagtail, Pied Flycatcher, and the Common, Arctic *, and Little Terns, making a total of 34 species which have been specially observed. We have in addition received notes about many other species, which have been incorporated at the end of the Report. The migration season in 1906 was noticeable for the prolonged period during which many of the species arrived. The earlier part of April showed the arrival in numbers of exceedingly few species, but this condition of affairs was altered on the 18th of the month, when an immense immi- gration of birds of all kinds commenced. From that date till the end of the first week of May immigrants were pouring into our islands, but in the case of many species one wave followed another so closely that they practically arrived in a continuous stream for a week, ten days, or even longer. All these facts have heen brought out in the body of the Report under the different species. * So few records of this species were received that in the body of the Report it has been placed among the unscheduled birds. BZ 12 The following Table will give an idea of the areas of arrival of the various species. The Common and Little Terns arrived simultaneously at their breeding-haunts on both the east and west coasts, and therefore appear under both the divisions A and D. The White Wagtail, although chiefly migrating along the western route, occurred also in the east, but no actual point of arrival was recorded. A. Species arriving solely on the western half of the south coast. Ring-Ouzel, Garden-Warbler, Wood- Warbler, White Wagtail, House-Martin, Nightjar, Common Sandpiper, Common and Little Terns. B. Species arriving along the whole of the south coast, but first and chiefly on its western half. Wheatear, Chiffchaff, Willow- Warbler, Sedge- Warbler, Swallow, Sand-Martin, Swift, Cornerake. C. Species arriving along the whole of the south coast, but first and chiefly on the eastern half. Redstart, Nightingale, Reed-Warbler, Spotted Fly- catcher, Cuckoo. D. Species arriving on the south-east coast from Essex to Hants. Ring-Ouzel, Whinchat, Whitethroat, Lesser White- throat, Blackcap, Grasshopper-Warbler, White Wag- tail, Tree-Pipit, Wryneck, Red-backed Shrike, Turtle- Dove, Common and Little Terns. The following notes about the weather have been taken from the “‘ Weekly Weather-Reports” issued by the Meteoro- logical Office. No deductions have been drawn from a comparison between the conditions of the weather and the arrival records; but the facts are all set out so that the reader can draw his own conclusions and see at a glance what birds were on the move each day. We have placed the birds which arrived on our coasts in a parallel column to that recording the weather, and have grouped them according to the area of coast on which they arrived as indicated in the preceding Table. 13 The district covered by the weather report has as far as practicable been that portion of Europe contained between lat. 40° and 60° N., and long. 10° E. to 10° W., which we believe includes the area immediately affecting the arrival of migrants in England and Wales. We may perhaps emphasize the fact that the records in the following Table refer solely to fresh arrivals, and not to any inland movements. March liGhye senna. B. Chiffchaff. Marek bes. B. Wheatear. Chiffchati. MiarchieliSo oes ac... Mareh=19) 22.4.5. B. Chiffchaff. Sand- Martin. Fine and warm over Iberian Peninsula. Overcast in France and Bay of Biscay, with mist and fog in the English Channel. A depression with its centre on the west coast of Norway, and with moderate gradients over our Islands and Western Europe, caused strong west- erly or south-westerly winds all over our area. Fine, bright and warm over nearly the whole of our area, with moderate to strong south- westerly winds. The centre of the depression mentioned above had shifted slightly eastwards and lay over Southern Scandinavia. Fine over Western Mediterranean, Iberian Pen- insula, and Western France, also over Ireland and Scotland. Very warm North Spanish coast. Overcast; rain, sleet, and snow-showers over Chan- nel, England, and lower part of the North Sea. Barometer highest 30:2 in. over Spain and Western Mediterranean. Extensive depression with centre over Baltic (29:1) and shallow secondaries over 8.W. England, Channel, and Bay of Biscay. Fair but less warm over Western Mediterranean, Iberian Peninsula, and France. Showers of rain, hail, or sleet over lower half of North Sea and adjacent countries, with strong northerly winds all over this area. Barometer ; the depression over Baltic area passing slowly eastwards. A high-pressure system coming in from the Atlantic over Iveland. Barometer falling rapidly over Western Medi- terranean and Iberian Peninsula. March 20 B. Wheatear. Sand-Martin. IMarebioil tec cent B. Chifichaff. Sand-Martin. March 22 wae ee ore Marcha2o sane B. Chiffchaff. Marchy 242 Seen ace B. Chiffchaff. March 25 B. Wheatear. | Barometer : 14 _ Warm over Western Mediterranean and Portugal, colder over Spain and Western France. Strong northerly winds, with rain, sleet, and snow. Showers over lower part of North Sea and adjacent countries. | Barometer: anticyclone extending from the west over the British Islands, with depression over South Spain. Strong N. or N.E. winds over the whole of our Islands, the lower part of the North Sea, and Western Europe, with snow or rain over South- east England and Northern France. Barometer: the anticyclone gradually extending eastwards, with a small depression over the Western Mediterranean. Winds N.E., moderate or strong over our Islands, the North Sea, France, and the greater part of the Iberian Peninsula, with very low tempera- tures and snow-squalls over the Channel. Barometer: the anticyclone over Ireland receding westward, and the depression over Western Mediterranean becoming intense and moving north-eastwards. more Winds N.E. or E. over Great Britain and lower part of North Sea, Channel, France, and Iberian Peninsula, with sleet, snow-showers or rain. Still very cold for the time of year. | Barometer: the Mediterranean depression has increased in intensity and spread northward. Fine along the western border of the Iberian Peninsula. Cold northerly winds with snow or rain all over our Islands, France, and greater part of Iberian Peninsula. The weather during the whole week was singularly inclement over the whole of our islands and on the continent, with strong northerly winds and snow or rain squalls from Denmark to the South of Spain. | The cold northerly winds increasing in force, with snow-squalls. during the day a depression with steep gradients invaded the Iberian Peninsula, March 26 B. Chiftchaff. io moO 5 March 27 eseeoeee March 28 B. Chiffchaff. Oo.0 000 05 March 29 B. Wheatear. Chiffchatf. March 30 A. Ring-Ouzel. B. Wheatear. Chiffchaff. March 31 A. Ring-Ouzel. B. Wheatear. Chittchaff. eee te eee April 1 B. Wheatear. Chiffchatf. Willow-Warbler D. Wryneck. eo vee eae e Cer ee April 2 B. Wheatear. Chifftchaff. D, Wryneck. 15 Similar to previous day, but the wind had backed to the westward over the lower half of the Iberian Peninsula and western Half of the Mediterranean, though still moderate or strong from N. or N.E. over rest of the area. Rain rather than snow over the southern half of Great Britain. Winds still N.E. or E. Barometer: gradients steep from 30:2 over North of Scotland to 29:4 the centre of a depression situated in the North of Spain. Strong N.E. winds over English Channel, but bright clear weather over the area generally, with slightly warmer weather. Barometer: generally of anticyclonic type, the highest readings being over the West of Ireland. | Temperature rising a little, but still under 40° F. throughout Western Europe, with the excep- tion of Western Spain and Portugal and the Mediterranean. Northerly winds everywhere. Barometer: the anticyclonic system travelling eastwards and dominating the whole of our area from Holland to South Spain. Fine but cold over Iberian Peninsula and France ; and temperature in our Islands and neighbour- hood kept low by the winds from the north circling round the dominating anticyclone. Conditions much the same as on previous day. Overcast in Iberian Peninsula, France, and Great Britain. Winds still northerly over our area, but decreasing in force as the centre of the anticyclone becamie situated over our Islands. |The centre of the anticyclone situated over Holland causing easterly currents over Spain, France, and Great Britain, somewhat warmer and brighter. Aprils eras sete B. Swallow. D. Wryneck. Yao) cs aera B. Chiffchaff. Willow-Warbler. Swallow. Sand-Martin. D. Wryneck. zat) 1 Gy Soe eine ae B. Chiffchaff. Willow-Warbler. Swallow. Sand-Martin. D. Wryneck. PEM G Ak sis ioe hearse B. Wheatear. Chiffchaff. Willow-Warbler. D. Wryneck. PRETO ee ieietiae sos B. Chiffchaff. Willow-Warbley. C. Cuckoo. D. Wryneck. ADELE" ete nites sa sts B. Chiffchaff. Willow- Warbler. Swallow. Sand-Martin. D. Wryneck. DIU! Csinarsie wink ¢ A & D. Common and Little 16 Anticyclone passing eastwards, causing easterly currents of increasing intensity over England, France, and Spain. Temperature warmer over the southern part of the area. but stili cold over England. Weather generally fine. Warmer generally, especially over Spain, the ex- tensive anticyclone with its centre over Central Europe, with bright weather and moderate breezes generally from the south-east over Western Europe. Rain in Spain, France, and Scilly Isles; elsewhere fair. Barometer: a depression with its centre over the St. George’s Channel, causing cyclonic circulation of wind over our area. Warmer and bright over our Islands; overcast over Western France and Iberian Peninsula. Winds moderate from the north in the North Sea and English Channel over our Islands, Western France, and the Iberian Peninsula. Fine and bright over the whole area, with north- erly or easterly breezes of an anticyclonic cha- racter, due to an anticyclone of small intensity with its centre situated in the English Channel. Fine and bright generally over the whole area, with northerly breezes of moderate intensity. Barometer: the anticyclone with its centre over British Islands, increasing in intensity, with gentle gradients towards the south. Weather remaining bright and fine, governed by the large, almost stationary anticyclone. Terns, pO, che ania) A. Ring-Ouzel. B. Wheatear; D. Wryneck. AGI IM Se bacece a: A. Ring-Ouzel. B. Wheatear. Chiffchaff. Swallow. Sand-Martin. D. Blackcap. Wryneck. JANI Ak OL ee A. Ring-Ouzel. Garden- Warbler Wood- Warbler. B. Wheatear. Chiffchaff. Sand-Martin. D. Blackcap. Wryneck. AND S3S Se eS A. Garden-Warbler Wood- Warbler. B. Wheatear. Chiffchaff. Sedge- Warbler. Sand-Martin. C. Reed- Warbler. D. Blackcap. » A &D. Common and Little Terns, eX 0) 01D USSR ee eae A. Wood- Warbler B. Chiffchaft. Sedge-Warbler Swallow. Sand Martin. C. Reed-Warbler. NG Bright and fine, but misty about Ushant. Bright and fine, with calm or light breezes Some fog over Ireland, Northern England, and Scotland. Bright and fine, but misty at the mouth of English Channel. Calm or slight 8. or S.E, airs generally. Warmer, with southerly winds backing at first to west, and finally coming from north-west as a fresh anticyclone from the Atlantic ap- proached the west coast of Ireland. Misty at the mouth of the English Channel and about Ushant. Fine in the Channel itself and adjacent shores. Fine and bright. Winds generally of slight in- tensity, veering round the anticyclone over our Islands, and mostly northerly in North Sea, England, English Channel, and France, but easterly over Iberian Peninsula. AE WD yc eons sid A. Wood- Warbler B. Sedge-Warbler. Swallow. Sand-Martin. C, Reed-Warbler. TER ee are A. Wood-Warbler B. Sedge-Warbler Sand-Martin. C. Reed-Warbler, April 17 A. Wood-Warbler B. Sedge- Warbler Swallow. Sand-Martin. Corncrake, C, Redstart. Reed- Warbler. ENCUA Sate Oe sane as A. Ring-Ouzel. House-Martin. Wheatear. Willow-Warbler Sedge-Warbler. Sand-Martin. Corncrake. Nightingale. Whinchat. Whitethroat. Lesser White- throat. Blackeap. Grasshopper- Warbler. Bi C. D. Ail eke fae | A. House-Martin. B. Wheatear. Chitfchatt. Willow-Warbler | Sedge-Warbler. Sand-Martin. 18 | Fine generally, with light breezes from the north or east over North Sea, English Channel, England, France, and Spain. Fine generally, with light easterly airs; but fog along north coast of ‘"»ain and in some parts of the South of France Fine generally, but misty in Channel and along north coast of Spain, with rain in many parts of Iberian Peninsula. and from the north. Winds generally light Generally overcast, with rain over our Islands. Wind N., circulating cyclonically round a large shallow depression situated over the South of France. Weather cold and raw over our Islands; over- | cast and misty in North of France; much rain also. Winds variable in force but generally from _. the north, circulating cyclonically, with centre of the depression over Germany. J Oeil PAO eM acrins aa. B. Wheatear. Willow-Warbler. Sedge- Warbler. Swallow. Sand-Martin. 1). Grasshopper- Warbler. B. Willow-Warbler- Sedye- Warbler. Swallow. Sand-Martin. C. Cuckoo. D. Blackcap. Tree-Pipit. B. Sedge- Warbler. Swallow. Sand-Martin. C. Cuckoo. D. Blackcap. Grasshopper- Warbler. Tree-Pipit. Aprile Zor oe oes. A. Common Sandpiper. Common Tern. C. Cuckoo. MADEN Qa anna B. Wheatear. Sedge- Warbler. C. Nightingale, Cuckoo. D. Blackcap. D9 Warmer, owing to an anticyclone approaching the Bay of Biscay; some mist at the mouth of the Channel. Light breezes from the west over northern part of our area, but veering round from the north over Iberian Peninsula, over which the weather was generally very fine; but overcast, rain, and fog over the western portion of the Mediterranean. , Warmer over our Islands, with bright, fine weather. Moderate westerly breezes over the Channel, our Islands, and the North Sea, but veering round the anticyclone, whose centre lies in the Bay of Biscay. During the day the weather became showery. Generally fine, but with fog on the north coast of Spain and mist on the lower part of the North Sea. Colder, owing to north-westerly breezes of moderate intensity circulating round the anticyclone, whose centre had shifted to tke south-westward and lay outside the Por- tuguese coast. Fine over Iberian Peninsula but colder over our Islands, with north-westerly winds circulating round the anticyclone, the centre of which had receded into the Atlantic. Colder, with sleet showers over our Islands ; overcast over France and Iberian Peninsula. Northerly current of air all over our area. April 25 (A. House-Martin. B. Wheatear. Willow-Warbler. C. Cuckoo. D. Blackeap. Grasshopper- Warbler. Wryneck. ere twee eas April 26 A. House-Martin. B. Willow-Warbler. Swallow. D. Wryneck. POPE Oeh tage hls. wsacg A. House Martin. B. Willow-Warbler. | Swallow. C. Whinchat. Tree-Pipit. April 28 eee eee eee A, Common Tern. B. Wheatear. Willow-Warbler | D, Whitethroat. Blackcap. Tree-Pipit. Turtle-Dove. April 29 B. Willow- Warbler. | 1). Lesser White- throat. Tree-Pipit. 20 Cold, with rain in the Channel, West of France, and Iberian Peninsula, caused by a small depression with strong winds backing round a shallow depression whose centre was situated at the mouth of the English Channel. Fine and warmer over Iberian Peninsula. Un- settled elsewhere, with mist, rain, and sleet, with strong northerly current of wind over our Islands, France, and Bay of Biscay. Barometer : a long narrow depression had settled over our Islands. Fine but cold over our Islands in the morning, with northerly breezes, Later, wind changed as the centre of the depression shifted north- wards, bringing a south-westerly current over our Islands and the Channel, but winds con- tinued northerly over Western France, Bay of Biscay, and Iberian Peninsula. Fine and warm over Iberian Peninsula under influence of anticyclone. Northwards cyclonic conditions still prevailed, with cold north-westerly current over our Islands and adjacent seas. Much sleet and snow over our Islands, and rain over North Sea, France, and Holland, where the winds were strong from the south. | Strong westerly winds, accompanied by rain, over Bay of Biscay and Western Europe, circling round a depression whose centre was to the North of Ireland. A. Wood-Warbler. Martin. B. Willow-Warbler Swallow. Sand-Martin. Swift. C. Redstart. D. Tree-Pipit. A. House-Martin. B. Willow- Warbler Swallow. Corncrake. C. Cuckoo. ~D Tree-Pipit. UTE? Bhs es nasa A. House-Martin. Little Tern. B. Willow-Warbler Sedge-Warbler. Swallow. C. Cuckoo. eee ce et vee oe A. House-Martin. Little Tern. B. Willow-Warbler - Sedge- Warbler Swallow. D. Blackcap. Weippe ties rns a ce A. Garden- Warbler House-Martin. B. Willow- Warbler Sedge- Warbler. Swallow. Sand-Martin. C. Nightingale. D. Lesser White- throat. Red-backed Shrike. Wryneck. 21 The depression had travelled southwards with centre over the North of France; cyclonic circulation of winds with rain-storm round the centre. Cold for the time of year; winds at first northerly backing to the west later, with changeable weather all over the area and much rain in the North of Spain. Overcast, with rain showers over the Channel, with fresh winds from the south-west over greater part of our area, due to a large depres- sion whose centre lay outside the West of Ireland. Warmer, but rain and stronger winds over the area as the depression travelled eastwards, with centre over the North of Ireland. Rainy or overcast over the north coast of Spain, Bay of Biscay, and Channel. Winds light and southerly over Spain, Western France and North Sea, but backing to the N.W. at the mouth of the Channel, over Ireland, western half of England and Scotland. Wiay7o & aoedt cee oe A. House-Martin. Bb. Sedge-Warbler. Swallow. Sand-Martin C. Nightingale. D. Red-backed Shrike. Wryneck. C. Nightingale. D. Whinchat. A. Common Sandpiper. B. Willow-Warbler | Sand-Martin. Corncrake. C. Nightingale. D. Whinchat. W hitethroat. ee ae B. Willow- Warbler. Sedge-Warbler. Sand-Martin. Cornerake. C. Redstart. Nightingale, Reed-W arbler. )D, Blackcap. Whitethroat. A. Wood-Warbler. B. Willow- Warbler. Sand-Martin. | C. Nightingale. 22 | Fine and bright, with southerly winds over the greater part of our area, An anticyclone had established itself over the Iberian Peninsula and France. Fog, mist, and rain over English and St. George’s Channels. Overcast over Iberian Peninsula and West of France. South or south-westerly winds over the whole of our area. Foggy and misty. Light winds, south or south- westerly, over England and adjacent seas, but east or north-easterly over the greater part of France and North Spain. Warmer; weather fine over S.E. England, France, and greater part of Iberian Peninsula. Fog, mist or rain, with heavy thunderstorms over the rest of Great Britain, the extreme west of France, and western part of Iberian Peninsula. Cloudy or dull over the greater part of the area, but fine in English Channel. Colder, with northerly currents over nearly the whole area. D. Blackcap. Whitethroat. | May 10 A. Garden- Warbler. B. Willow- Warbler. Sedge-Warbler. Sand-Martin. C. Nightingale. Spotted Fly- catcher. D. Blackcap. Whitethroat. May 11 A. Woud-W arbler. House-Martin. * B. Willow- Warbler. Sand-Martin. C. Spotted Fly- catcher. Cuckoo. D. Whitethroat. May 12 A. House-Martin. Nightjar. B. Willow-Warbler. Sand-Martin. D. Whitethroat. Tree-Pipit. Red-backed Shrike. . Turtle-Dove. May 18 Pr ee eee B. Willow- Warbler. Sand-Martin. C. Spotted Fly- catcher. D. Whitethroat. Turtle-Dove. 23 | Overcast and colder over Great Britain and adjacent seas, with rain at Lisbon and misty or fogey over the greater part of France, Belgium, and Holland. Winds light and very varied in direction; northerly over Great Britain, Channel, and Bay of Biscay. Barometer: a series of shallow depressions over Western Europe with centres South Scandinavia and Central France. over Overcast or fogey along the shores of the English Channel and in N.W. France. Winds moderate, with south or south-westerly current over greater part of the area, circulating round a depression with centre tn the Atlantic off the north-west coast of Ireland. Northerly or westerly Peninsula. winds ‘over Iberian Overcast with mist and fog over region of English Channel, with heavy rain over the south of Iberian Peninsula. Warmer; winds from S. or 8.W. in Iberian Peninsula, from §.E. or E. in France and our Islands. Warmer and fine over our Islands, dull over the Spanish Peninsula, Thundery weather along shores of the North Sea, with heavy rains on the east coast of England. Winds light generaily from the eastward. A small depression spreading in from the Atlantic over the Iberian Peninsula. May 14 A. Common Tern. B. Sand-Martin. Swift. Corncrake. C. Spotted Fily- catcher. D. Whitethroat. Blackcap. May 15 A. Nightjar. Common Sand- | piper. | B. Willow- Warbler. Sand-Martin. eee eres eae Swift. C. Spotted = Fly- catcher. Reed-W arbler. D. Blackeap. W hitethroat. Tree-Pipit. eeereesees A. Garden-Warbler. B. Willow- Warbler. | Sedge-Warbler. Sand-Martin. Swift. C. Spotted Fly- catcher. D. Whitethroat. May 17 A. Garden-Warbler. Nightjar. B. Swift. C. Cuckoo. D. Whitethroat. Tree-Pipit. Turtle-Dove. 24 Fine generally, but rainy over parts of the Spanish Peninsula. Winds fresh from N. or N.E., circling round the shallow depression which was travelling north- eastwards. Cooler, with northerly current over England, France, and Bay of Biscay. Rainy, with heavy hail-storms over Great Britain and the nearer parts of the continent—still cold fur time of year. Strong northerly current over the United Kingdom, France and adjacent seas. Overcast over the whole area, with showers of rain in S.E. France and Spanish Peninsula; hail, rain, or sleet over these Islands. Strong winds from northward circulating round a depression with centre in the North Sea not far from the east coast of Scotland. IIE eA necro ee C. Nightingale. Cuckoo. D, Whitethroat. Mis V9" tee iae anno: C. Cuckoo. May 21 A. House-Martin. B. Willow- Warbler. Swift. C., Reed-Warbler. D. Whitethroat. B. Willow-W arbler. Sedge-Warbler. C. Reed-Warbler. Spotted Fly- catcher. D. Whitethroat. Biackcap. Miya a wie cielo elst sls B. Millom erie: C. Reed- Warbler. D. Red-backed Shrike, Ma 2A, sat pide e's 25 Cold for time of year over the whole of our area— under 50° F, Fair over English Channel and lower part of North Sea. Overcast or rain in France and Iberian Peninsula. Cold northerly winds all over the area. Overcast or rain in Iberian Peninsula, Bay of Biscay, and west coast of France. Fine generally over the Channel, but with mist opposite south-east corner of England. Winds northerly, light, tending to back to the westward over our area. Fine over some parts of Spain and Western France, but overcast in the Channel, with fog at the mouth of the Thames. Winds still northerly and tending to increase in force. Bright over Spanish Peninsula, overcast or rainy elsewhere. Winds still northerly. Calm or slight northerly or easterly airs over England, France and Channel; but a fresh cyclonic disturbance was approaching from the westward causing southerly airs in the extreme S.W. of our Islands and over the Bay of Biscay. Fine over 8.E. of England and over France except Brittany. Rain in S8.W. of England, Channel and Brittany. The cyclone had rather steep gradients travelling slowly across our Islands. The depression travelled northwards over Ireland, causing much rain over our Islands and France, with fog at the mouth of the Channel. Winds ericulating cyclonically. Cc eoerereeeeee May 25 A. House-Martin. D. Red-backed Shrike. Mia DON iso cite erect A. Garden-Warbler. B. Willow- Warbler. Sand-Martin. May 27, aula eG A. House-Martin. B. Wheatear. May 28 Or PCR DO Oices A. Garden- Warbler. House-Martin. B. Wheatear. C. Reed-Warbler, Spotted Fly- catcher. Mayo Weaicheittyeretr ae C, Reed- Warbler. D. Turtle-Dove. May 30 D. Turtle-Dove. oot tere eee Mag Bl gies in s.cers o's B. Wheatear. Swift. D. Turtle-Dove. MUNG el eisedere eecereee oe 26 The cyclone with centre over Scotland produced strong S.W. currents over 8. and 8. W. Englaud and Channel, accompanied by showers and strong S,W. winds. Fog, mist, and rain, but warmer, with southerly winds between S. and W. Rain and fog on west and south coasts of Great Britain and across the English Channel. Winds moderate, E. or N.E. over Spanish Peninsula, S.W. elsewhere. Mist or fog on our southern coast and off Brittany. Wind mostly light 8.W. Fine over France generally and upper part of the Channel, the North Sea, and east and south-east of England, but misty near outer part of the Channel, 8.W. England, and Western France. Some fog over N.W. Spain. Wind moderate, E. over Iberian Peninsula, S.W. over rest of our area. Misty about the Channel, very hot in Spanish Peninsula to cool over our Islands. Wind westerly. Overcast, with mist in the Bay of Biscay. Winds westerly. Overcast or rain over the South of England, fogey or misty along the north coast of Spain. Winds strong, chiefly from west, circulating cyclonically in the rear of a depression having its centre over Denmark; later in the day the wind veered to the north as the depression travelled eastward. 27 SIMON iss sete She . | Rain on both coasts of English Channel; cool, with northerly winds over the whole area. JU eS} Mien Bee os Bright and fine, with northerly currents all over the area. Sumer. or Sloe Bright over English Channel and neighbouring countries, with northerly current. Along the west coast of Norway and Denmark the wind reached the force of a gale. SURO OY face ses nie mcestane Fine over south of our area, with moderate currents of air circulating irrezularly round an antieyclone with centre over North Sea. divas) Giereeicle ors Wists ee _ Fine with general conditions similar to those of the previous day. ita 72 eG gon sb uc | Mostly fine, with light easterly airs. AJL 5) aie chi eee | Same as previous day. inte ORs ds cals. Same as previous day. As regards the actual number of species arriving on any one day between the 16th of March and the 10th of April inclusive, never more than 5 species entered the country at the same time. On the 11th, 12th, and 13th of April there was a slight rise culminating in 10 species on the latter date. On the 17th there was a further rise, and on the 18th a great influx of 13 species, 9 of which actually arrived together in the Isle of Wight. On the 19th there was a sudden decrease to 6 species, and between that date and the end of the month migration went on quietly, 8 species on the 30th being the largest number for any one day. On the 4th of May there was a rise to 10 species followed by a sharp decrease to 2 on the 6th. From the 7th to 17th of May inclusive migration was very active, the largest records including 9 species on the 8th, 8 on the 12th, and 10 on the 15th. On the 18th there was a sudden drop to 3, and from that date onwards, with the exception of a slight rise on the 22nd and 28th, the season gradually dwindled away. On only five days between the 16th of March and the 3lst of May, viz., on the 18th, 22nd, and 26th of March, and the 20th and 24th of May, no immigration was recorded on our coasts. 28 Hampshire was the county most favoured as a point of arrival, but it should be remembered that this county receives stragglers from flocks arriving both in Devonshire and in Sussex, and thus it forms one of the main landing-places along the south coast ; Devonshire, Dorset, and Sussex come next, and lastly, Kent. Birds actually arriving on the east coast were few, but the evidence points to a considerable emigration from Norfolk of birds which arrived in Devon or Hampshire and took a north-easterly route. The west of England was in many cases populated before the east and south-east. This was perhaps most marked in the case of the Yellow Wagtail, a bird which arrived on the south-east corner, but nevertheless nests were recorded from the west before the main body of the females had settled in Kent. A well-defined route, followed by various streams of immigrants, passes due north from Devon, through Wales and the western Counties to Scotland. In the case of some species, which arrived along the whole of the south coast, the direction of flight was due north, but their western flank was invariably in advance of the eastern. A few species which arrived on the south and south-east, held a north-westerly course and so reached Wales, and it was birds of these species, e.g. the Yellow Wagtail and the Nightingale, that were scarce in our south-western counties. Another route, followed by the House- Martin, started from Devon in a north- easterly direction, and passed out of the county via Norfolk. This was a course followed by a few immigrations of some of the species, which normally followed a different route, but whether the deviation in these cases was due to weather- conditions, or whether the immigrants were travelling on a normal course to a continental breeding- ground, was not clear. F. G. PEnrose, Chairman. C. B. Rickert. C. B. Ticenurst. N. F. Ticzwurst. J. L. Bonnorg, Secretary. bo io} THE RING-OUZEL. Turdus torquatus L. Posstpty a number of Ring-Ouzels remain in or near their breeding-haunts all the year round, for at the time our observations commenced they had already taken up their quarters in Yorkshire. The first immigration of any size, that could be traced, occurred along the southern coast of Devon in the early hours of the morning of March 30th, and the flight reached its height on the following night. The birds passed straight on in a northerly direction and reached Yorkshire on the 3rd of April, and Scotland on the Sth. The second immigration was first noticed in Somerset on the 11th of April, but was not so well marked as the former one, the birds probably arriving in small parties for several days. On the 13th they were recorded from Merioneth, Denbigh, and Cardigan, on the 16th from Cheshire, and on the following day from Yorkshire. A week later, on the 24th, a nest with eggs was found iv. Yorkshire. By this time all our native birds had apparently arrived. On the 25th and 28th of April a fair number were observed at the Hddystone light ; these, however, passed straight on, reaching Mid-Wales on the 28th and 29th, and the Isle of Man on the following day. There were a few scattered records of birds from Norfolk, Hssex, and Surrey, but these were apparently stragglers. D 39 », 29-30. »» JU—dl. April 30 CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. March 21. 29. 9 Oe Yorkshire. Yorkshire. Start light, Devon and Yorkshire (several on breeding-grounds). Start light, Devon. Somerset and Yorkshire (many). Dumfries. Merioneth. Somerset (a few passing). Hssex. Devon, Somerset (decrease), Merioneth (few) and Denbigh. Devon, Dorset and Cardigan (several). Cheshire (plentiful on the hills of HE. Cheshire). Devon and Yorkshire (increase). Hants lights. Devon (at breeding-quarters). Yorkshire (nest and eggs). Eddystone light (several). Eddystone light (several g and ? ) and Radnor. Radnor. Isle of Man, Yorkshire (young). Norfolk. Shropshire and Northumberland (nesting). Derby (resident). Radnor (nest and eggs). Somerset (nest and eggs). Surrey ; Lancashire and Northumberland (many nesting). al RING-OUZEL. =>) ENGLAND axa WALES English Miles O |= Immigration thus -Mch e9.Ip 2" Immigration. thus: @ | -3™ Immigration thus:- [P28] 32 WHEATEAR. ENGLAND ann WALES ies Immugration thus: Maes e™ Immigration thus: (cae?) 3“Immigration thus-[Are| | 4" Imimigration thus: aie WN a. —_~ THE WHHEATEAR. Sawicola cnanthe (L.). THE first stragglers, mostly single birds and all recorded as males, were reported from Sussex on the 8th of March, Kent on the 9th, Cornwall on the 11th, and Hampshire on the 12th. By the 14th they had reached Somerset, and on the 16th they were recorded from Norfolk. The jirsé definite wave of immigration seems to have occurred in the early morning of March the 17th, and to have extended along the centre of the south coast from Dorset to Sussex. The birds passed slowly northwards and were recorded from as far north as Yorkshire on the 22nd, and from Wales on the 23rd. A second small wave, which also passed northwards, was noticed in Hampshire on the 20th, and in Devon and Cornwall on the following day. A second immigration took place in Devon on the 25th, and was followed by an increase in Somerset on the following day. The course of this flight could be traced due north, being noted at Derby on the 26th, N. Wales on the 27th, Lancashire on the 28th, Durham on the 29th, the Isle of Man on the 1st of April, and in Dumfriesshire on the 4th. A third immigration, of great magnitude, took place between the 29th of March and the 2nd of April, the birds arriving in large numbers along the whole of the south coast, from Devon to Kent, but more especially along the western half. These birds could be easily traced northwards through the country, and reached Northumberland and E. Yorkshire on the 7th of April, while on the same day some appear to have left the Norfolk coast and to have been observed at the Outer Dowsing light-vessel. A fourth immigration, consisting mostly of hen birds, o>) vd arrived on the Hampshire and Dorset coasts on the 6th of April, and followed in the track of the preceding one. After the passing of this immigration there was a perceptible falling off in the number of birds recorded from the southern counties, those left being merely the resident breeding-stock. There seems to be but little doubt that the two last men- tioned immigrations consisted chiefly of our own stock of breeding-birds, as after April the 9th Wheatears were re- corded as being present in their usual numbers in several counties. On April 13th a nest was found in Devonshire, on the 15th nests were ready for eggs in Cambridgeshire, numbers were observed building in Norfolk on the 16th, and in Lancashire on the 20th, while as far north as Durham they were mating on the 16th and eggs were found there on the 28th. A jifth immigration, consisting almost entirely of the larger race, arrived along the western half of our southern coast between the 9th and 13th of April. The birds proceeded due north through Wales, Cheshire, Lancashire, and Cum- berland. A sixth large and continuous immigration commenced on the 1st of April with a great influx of birds arriving on the western half of the south coast from Devon to Sussex, though stragglers struck the coast as far east as Kent. Further, large arrivals took place on the 19th and 20th along the whole of the south coast, but those on the west were the greater, and from that date till the end of the month a steady stream of birds continued to arrive in larger or smaller numbers ; the largest immigrations taking place in Hampshire on the 24th and 25th, and in Devon on the 28th. The earlier arrivals of this immigration remained for a few days in the south, and it was not until the 27th that a north- ward movement in any numbers was continued ; on this date, however, an increase was noted in Somerset, and on the following day in Radnor and Hssex, while some left the country by the Norfolk coast. By the 30th the western wing of this immigration had left Wales and was recorded from the Isle of Man, and there was a noticeable decrease in Sussex 30 and Hssex. During the first week of May the birds con- tinued to arrive, though in diminishing numbers, and passed steadily northwards. This large straggling immigration, which, judging from the wings procured at the lighthouses, lasted for nearly three weeks, consisted of both the larger and smaller races, the former predominating. The seventh and last immigration, which consisted entirely of birds of the larger race, was recorded from the Devon lights on the 27th, 28th, and 31st of May, but the course the birds took after arrival could not be traced. It may be noted that with the exception of one solitary example procured on the Ist of April, none of the larger race arrived until the fifth immigration between the 9th and 13th of that month, and with a similar exception of a single bird obtained on the 4th of May, none of the smaller race arrived after the end of April. Norz.—tThe long and straggling sixth immigration, lasting in suc- cessive waves from April 18th to May 6th, has for the sake of clearness been omitted from the map. Its course differed in no respect from that of the previous immigrations. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. March 8. Sussex. 9, Sussex and Kent. ee lee aC ormivnelll De elias. 14. Somerset and Sussex. 15. Sussex (decrease) and Lancashire. 16. Norfolk. 17. Hants lights, Hants (few), Somerset and Sussex (increase). » 19. Surrey and Shropshire. 20. Somerset (decrease), Hants (increase) and Kent. 21. Cornwall (increase), Devon, Essex and Norfolk. ea t22..) Yorkie. 23. Radnor. » 20. Devon, Glamorgan and Denbigh. March 26. ”? April 99 99 il 36 Somerset (increase), Hants, Berkshire, Derby (large increase) and Lancashire. Derby (decrease) and Merioneth. Kent (several), Wiltshire and Laneashire (several). Deyon lights (many), Hants lights, Kent, Wilt- shire (increase), Staffordshire, Denbigh, Yorkshire and Durham. Devon lights (many), Somerset (increase), Dorset lights, Hants lights and Kent. Cornwall lights, Hants lights (increase) and " Kent. Cornwall lights, Devon lights (great numbers), Dorset (increase), Hants lights (few), Sussex (increase), Surrey and Isle of Man. Devon lights (great numbers), Dorset, Hants lights (many), Kent, Shropshire (many) and Sussex (increase). Devon (many), Wiltshire (increase), Berkshire and Yorkshire (many). Somerset (many), Dumfries and Norfolk. Notts and Westmoreland. Dorset (further increase, especially ? ), Hants lights (many), Wiltshire (further increase) and Merioneth (increase). Somerset, Denbigh (increase), E. Yorkshire and Northumberland (several). Glamorgan (slight increase), Shropshire (slight increase), Lancashire and Isle of Man (increase). Dorset (many), Derby (settled) and Isle of Man. Dorset(many), Cheshireand Yorkshire (resident). Somerset (few residents), Sussex (several) and Yorkshire (numerous). Hants (usual breeding-birds). Devon (many) and Sussex. Cornwall, Devon (many), Somerset (several), Dorset (decrease) and Lancashire (increase and mating). Bl April 12-15. Lundy Island (larger race). 13. 14, 15. 16. fd ml o 23-29. 2). 30. Cornwall (beginning to nest) and Devon (many, beginning to nest). Lancashire (decrease) and Denbigh (increase). Cambridge (nests completed), Radnor (slight increase), Denbigh (decrease) and Cumberland. Lundy Island (decrease), Radnor (increase), Norfolk (numbers building) and Durham (settled and mating). Cheshire (passing). Sussex (increase, larger race), Lundy (increase), Radnor (decrease) and Lincolnshire. Devon (increase, many), Lundy (decrease), Hants lights (many), Kent (several), Glamor- gan (several) and Merioneth (slight increase, all 3). Devon, Sussex lights and Kent (many). Devon (many), Hants lights, Hants (shght increase) and Lancashire (increase, build- ing). Kent. Hants lights and Lancashire (many). Suffolk, Norfolk (decrease) and Merioneth. Kent (large numbers, mating), Somerset (very numerous) and Yorkshire (numerous). Hants (slight increase) and Wiltshire (few). Hants lights. Somerset (increase). Devon lights (many), Hants lights, Sussex lights, Hssex (slight increase), Radnor (increase) and Durham (eggs). Dorset lights (few), Hants lights, Sussex, Essex (decrease), Suffolk (gradually spreading), Rad- nor, Isle of Man and Yorkshire. Dorset lights (several) and Merioneth. Devon lights (many), Devon (many), Hants (many) and Lancashire. Surrey (increase). 99 3) 39 99 9? 9 IES 19. Ps 21-28. dl. a8 Devon, Hants lights (many 9), Hants (many) and Norfolk (slight increase). Norfolk (decrease) and Radnor (increase). Lancashire. Hants lights, Radnor (decrease) and Durham (eggs). Devon lights and Sussex (many). Northumberland (many ). Norfolk (increase). Surrey (increase), Glamorgan (several), Isle of Man (slight increase), Merioneth (increase) and Yorkshire (increase). Somerset, Isle of Man (increase), Radnor (slight increase) and Norfolk (decrease). Merioneth (decrease). Suffolk (young). Isle of Man (decrease). Devon lights (several, larger race). Devon lights (several). 39 THE WHINCHAT. Pratincola rubetra (L.). THE records of this species being somewhat scanty it is impossible to trace its immigrations with the same certainty as is the case when observations are more numerous. The Whinchat seldom reaches this country before the middle of April, and, in consequence, we have not taken into con- sideration the records prior to the 10th of April, as they probably refer to that nearly allied species—the Stonechat. The first immigration was noted from Hampshire on the 18th of April, and by the 21st and 22nd the -birds had apparently spread to Yorkshire and Lancashire. On the 23rd a few individuals appeared in Suftolk, having probably arrived on the south coast a day or two previously. The second immigration arrived on the 8.E. coast between Suffolk and Hampshire on the 27th and 28th of April. During the next ten days they spread to Cambridgeshire, Surrey, Worcester, Shropshire, and Durham. A third immigration seems to have arrived on the 8.H. coast between Norfolk and Hampshire on the 6th and 7th of May, and during the next few days a general increase . was noted in the west and north. By the 13th birds were recorded as nesting in Surrey, and about that date they seem to have settled down in their breeding-haunts throughout the country. A fourth immigration may have taken place in Hampshire and Kent on the 22nd and 24th, but the records are too incomplete to enable it to be traced. 99 ”) June 40 CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. ye 18. oA ba | Derby. Hants lights. Yorkshire. Lancashire. Somerset, Suffolk (few) and Lancashire. Devon and Glamorgan. Durham. Yorkshire (large numbers, first arrivals). Sussex and Suttolk. Hants lights. Surrey, Cambridge and Worcester. Shropshire, Durham and Lancashire (mated). Middlesex, Norfolk (first arrivals), Staffordshire and Durham. Hants lights, Kent, Somerset, Wiltshire, Shrop- shire (fair numbers), Staffordshire, Yorkshire and Durham (settled). Cheshire. Glamorgan, Merioneth and Northumberland. Oxford and Cardigan (several). Berks, Radnor and Notts (few). Somerset (few), Surrey (nesting), Essex, Lanca- shire and Isle of Man. Cambridge, Derby, Notts (usual numbers settled in breeding-haunts) and Cheshire. Wiltshire, Merioneth (increase) and Cumberland. Oxford. Buckinghamshire. : Herts and Radnor. Cambridge (many) and Lancashire (few). Durham (nesting). Hants lights. Dungeness, Kent (increase). Cambridge (nests). Yorkshire (several nests building). Derby (nest and eggs). 41 WHINCHAT. ES = — a maa a ENGLAND axp WALES [* Immigration thus: 25 2™ {mmigration thus: © 3°" Immigration thus. nat M=May Dates without initial are in April. | REDSTART. be Ae: oO L a ENGLAND axp WALES __ Early arriving stragglers i I Immigration thus’- (8) e™lmmigration thus: ! 3Immigration thus ® | M=Ma \ Dates without initial 1° are in April IAN 43 THE REDSTART. Ruticilla phenicurus (L.). Tue Redstart apparently began to arrive in small numbers during the last week in March and the first week of April at different points on the south coast from Kent to Devon. The birds seem to have passed quickly on, as by April the 16th we find them recorded from many widely separated localities throughout the country, the numbers being, if anything, rather larger in the eastern counties than in the western. By the 18th of April they had reached Yorkshire, and were recorded from Westmoreland on the 19th. It was not until the 17th of April that any marked immi- gration was noticed ; on that day a flight arrived in Sussex and on the 18th one appeared in Hampshire, forming part _ of a big immigratory wave that included thirteen different species of birds, the greater number being Warblers of dif- ferent kinds. This immigration was continued into Hampshire on April the 20th and 22nd, into Sussex on the 23rd, and again into Hamp- shire on the 25th. These flights were, however, moderate as regards numbers when compared with the one on the 18th. A few of the earlier arrivals seem to have scattered over the southern counties, but the main body appears to have distributed itself over the northern counties of England and perhaps over Scotland, for after the arrival of this exten- sive movement the number of birds reported from these localities was larger than that from the southern counties. The second immigration probably occurred along the whole of the south coast, but was only recorded from Hants and Devon between 1.0 a.m. and 3 a.m. on the morning of April the 30th. The birds seem to have passed rapidly north, the western 44 ones being recorded from Somerset the same day, from Yorkshire and Durham on May the 3rd and from West- moreland on the 4th. The eastern birds reached Essex on the 4th of May, but though the route was lost there, the general trend of this movement was probably N.H. The third immigration, probably comprising birds on passage to the more northern breeding-grounds, could be clearly traced through the country. It occurred on the coast of Devon during the early hours of May the 8th. The birds passed through Somerset on the 9th, through Staffordshire on the 11th, through Shropshire on the 12th, and then apparently left the country by Cheshire and N. Wales, being recorded from the Isle of Man on the 13th. After this date no further change in the numbers of birds in the country was noted, and reports were received daily from different localities indicating that our resident birds were busy with the duties of incubation. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcorRDS. March 24. Kent. 4 25, Devon. oo foo.) AONE, April 2. Sussex. - 4. Derby. fs 5. Yorkshire. 7. Somerset. ,, 10. Berks and Merioneth. » 11. Sussex, Cambridge and Worcester. 3 12. Oxfordshire and Shropshire. ,, 13. Cambridge (several). ,» 14. Hants, Kent, Herts, Norfolk and Notts. » 15. Surrey and Lancashire. » 16. Hssex, Gloucester and Dumfries. oy ie. Stgsex? ., 18 Somerset, Hants lights (many), Suffolk and Yorkshire (numerous). April 19. 20. 22. 2. 45 Hants (inland) and Westmoreland. Hants lights (many), Hants (inland), Middlesex, and Wilts. Hants lights. Devon and Sussex. Cheshire. Hants lights and Glamorgan. Dorset. Cheshire and Yorkshire (increase). Devon, Somerset (many), Hants lights, Suffolk (slight increase) and Durham. Cambridge (settled). Yorkshire (many) and Durham. Hssex (increase) and Westmoreland. Radnor. Essex (general), Shropshire (fair ee Yorkshire (plentiful) and Northumberland (nesting). Devon lights, Cardigan and Staffordshire. Somerset (few). Somerset (decrease) and Sussex. Staffordshire (few). Shropshire (slight increase). Somerset (few) and Isle of Man. Derby (usual numbers). Cheshire (established in breeding-haunts ). Somerset (nest and eges) and Radnor (a nest). Bucks and Suffolk (nest and eggs). Somerset (usual numbers), Herts (nesting) and Yorkshire (nest and eggs). Kent, Derby (nesting) and Durham (nests), Radnor (few). Surrey (nest and eggs). Lancashire (nest and eggs). 46 THE NIGHTINGALE. Daulias luseinia (L.).* Tue first Nightingales appear to have arrived in the south- east of England about the second and third weeks in April, for from the 9th to the 17th of that month a few scattered birds were observed in Essex, Kent, Sussex, Surrey, Berks, Hants, Suffolk, and Cambridge. The only other records during that time were of two birds in Monmouth on the 13th and of a single bird in Worcester on the 17th, but there is no evidence to show whether these arrived in the west or straggled over from the east. There is not the slightest doubt that the bulk of the Nightingales, which formed the breeding-stock of our south- eastern counties, came into Hampshire in the early morning of April the 18th as part of the vast wave of immigrants which arrived on that day. The keeper of the St. Catherine’s lighthouse notes :—‘ all the species (of small birds) were simply uncountable,.... I never saw so many Nightin- gales before, I could have caught fifty if required.” The Hampshire inland records show a great increase during the two following days, after which the majority of the birds seem to have passed on in a north-easterly direction. Some of them reached Wiltshire on the 19th, others appeared in Surrey on the 21st, in Somerset on the 22nd, Berkshire on the 24th, Cambridge on the 25th, and Essex, Suffolk, and Norfolk on the 30th. The second immigration was noticed at the Hampshire lights on April the 24th, but the numbers appear to have been quite small and so passed unrecorded by our land-observers. A larger body seems to have arrived on the Sussex coast * [The Nightingale should be called Thilomela luscinia (L.) (ef. Selater, Bull. B. O. C. xvi, no. cxx. pp. 39-41, 1905).—Ep. | 47 on April the 29th, followed by an increase in Surrey on May the Ist and 3rd. Several birds reached Hertford on the 3rd, and others visited Hssex, Cambridge, and Suffolk on the 4th, Oxford on the 5th, and Norfolk on the 6th. Between the 4th and 9th of May this species continued to arrive daily in Hampshire, causing an increase during that period in most of the south-eastern counties; while at the same time a certain number appear to have gone westward and were recorded from Dorset on the 8th, from Glamorgan on the 9th, Oxford on the 10th, and Shropshire on the 11th. By the 15th some of the birds in the south-east had already laid their eggs. There isa certain amount of evidence that a further arrival took place on the coasts of Sussex and Hampshire on the 17th and 18th, but its movements could not be followed. | As regards the few birds reported from time to time in the south-west, it seems most likely that they worked their way west from Hampshire, where they arrived during the first and second immigrations; the fact that few were recorded in the intervening country is not surprising, as the numbers. moving westwards were very small. In some years this species visits Devonshire in fair numbers, but as a rule it is a very rare straggler to that county. Mr. D’ Urban reported its arrival during the first week in May near Exeter, where two pairs had settled down. Mr. D’Urban further noted that The Nightingale occurred and bred almost every year in the Teign valle The nest of one of the pairs near Exeter was found by our correspondent - Mr. Rousham towards the end of May, in a locality which the birds had not visited for many years. We may also note that our observer at Launceston, on the borders of Devon and Cornwall, remarks that the Nightingale is “never seen at Launceston.” It may likewise be noted that with the exception of the single record of two birds from Pontefract in Yorkshire, it did not occur north of a line through Shropshire, Nottinghamshire, and Lincolnshire ; while the only Welsh county where it was heard was Glamorgan. BZ 48 CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcoRDs, April 7. Surrey. » 9. Hssex. , 10. Essex. , 12. Kent and Cambridge. ., 13. Sussex, Surrey and Monmouth. > 15. Hampshire. ,, 17. Berks, Suffolk and Worcester. , 18. Hants lights (many). , 19. Hants (inland many) and Wiltshire. » 20. Hants (inland many). ,, 21. Hants (decrease) and Surrey. » 22. Somerset. » 23- Berks (increase). , 25. Hants lights and Cambridge (increase). » 29. Sussex (increase). ,, 90. Essex, Suffolk (increase) and Norfolk. May 1. Devon, Dorset and Surrey (increase). » 2 Surrey (further increase) and Herts. » 4. Hants (many), Essex (increase), Suffolk (further increase) and Cambridge. 9. Hants (many). 5. Somerset (increase), Oxford and Herts (increase). , 6. Sussex (increase), Kent and Norfolk. 7. Somerset (increase), Essex and Cambridge. 8. Dorset. ., 9. Suffolk (increase) and Glamorgan. , 10. Sussex, Hants, Wilts and Oxford (increase). 5, 11. Shropshire. ,, 12. Hants (decrease), Berks (further increase) and Glamorgan (increase). ,, 13. Devon, Cambridge (building) and Yorkshire. », 14. Notts (settled at breeding-place). » 15. Kent (nesting) and Shropshire (increase). » 17. Sussex (slight increase). , 18. Hants (increase) and Suffolk (nesting). », 19. Hants (decrease) and Kent. - ,, 21. Lincolnshire. 49 NIGHTINGALE. WHITETHROAT. : Immigration thus:- 23 2™ Immigration thus- 3” Not shewn. M=May Dates without inital | are in April. 1 51 THE WHITETHROAT. Sylvia cinerea Bechst. Tue Whitethroat being one of those species which kills itself at the lighthouses in considerable numbers, the area of its arrival in this country could be clearly defined, and included the whole of the south coast from Devon to Kent. With the exception of a single bird, which was noted in Dorset on the 29th of March, the earliest records were from Somerset on the 7th and 8th of April. During the following ten days a few stragglers were noted, chiefly in the south and east, though solitary individuals appear to have wandered to Shropshire and Lancashire. The first large immigration arrived in Hants and Sussex on the 18th of April and was apparently travelling in a north to north-westerly direction, reaching Worcester and Merioneth on the 19th and 20th, Oxford, Staffordshire and Derby on the 23rd, Notts on the 24th, and Yorkshire on the 27th. Further small bodies arrived in Hampshire on the 22nd and 28th and followed in the track of those preceding them ; while at the same time an increase was noted in Suffolk and Hssex, though evidence was lacking to show whether the birds entered this country on the south or east. A few also arrived in Devon on the 2nd of May, causing an increase in the west on the two subsequent days. From the 4th to the 18th the birds were continually arriving along the whole of the south coast ; the numbers being heaviest on the Devon and Hampshire coasts on the 4th, on the Sussex and Hampshire coasts on the 7th, on the Kent, Hampshire, and Devon coasts on the 8th, in Sussex on the 9th, in Hampshire on the 10th and 11th, and in Devon and Dorset on the 12th. 52 After this date no further arrivals took place in the west, but in the east they again began to come into Sussex on the 14th ; a very heavy immigration took place into Hampshire on the 16th, and the long migratory wave terminated on the 18th with the advent of smaller numbers in Hampshire and Kent. The birds composing this immigration seem to have followed much the same course as the preceding one of May the 4th, and as each component detachment arrived its course was ascertained to be in a northerly direction. The western birds were noticed first in Somerset and Wilts, whence they spread gradually day by day through South Wales and Stafford, Mid-Wales, Shropshire, and the western Midlands, into North Wales, Derby, and Cheshire. Some of the more western birds then departed from North Wales and continued their course northwards through the Isle of Man, while the remainder spread across Lancashire and West Yorkshire into Westmoreland and Cumberland. The course of the eastern birds could not be traced as tar north as that of the western, but it was evident that they spread mainly through Surrey into the counties across the Thames, viz., Berks, Bucks, and Herts, and thence into Hssex, Suffolk, Cambridge, and Lincoln ; and it is possible, though there is at present no direct evidence of it, that, like the Wheatear, many leave this country again by the east coast. By the time this extensive movement was over, the reports which began to come in showed that the earlier arrivals had settled down and commenced incubation, a nest and eggs being reported from Wiltshire on May 18th. On the 15th Whitethroats were nesting in Berkshire, and on the 20th and 21st in Yorkshire and Northumberland. The last immigration took place on May the 21st, when small numbers arrived in Devonshire, followed by similar arrivals in Hampshire on the two succeeding days, but beyond their place and date of arrival nothing further was recorded of their movements. Dd Norz.—In the map, the dates and points of arrival of the different parts of the second immigration are all indicated, but, for the sake of clearness, the progress through the country of its first March 29. uO | Me detachment only is shown. The route of the others can be followed in greater detail by means of the Time-Table. a) CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. Dorset. Somerset. Somerset, Surrey and Lancashire. Berks and Cambridge. Berks, Norfolk and Cambridge (several). Surrey and Shropshire. Berks (fairly plentiful) and Dunifries. Lincolnshire. Dorset, Hants lights (many) and Sussex. Hants inland (few), Worcester and Cambridge. Somerset and Merioneth. Hants lights and Notts (few). Essex, Oxford, Staffordshire and Derby. Notts, Cheshire and Durham. Devon and Notts (decrease). Cambridge (few). Yorkshire (several). Hants lights and Sussex. Suffolk. Somerset (increase), Wiltshire and Suffolk. Essex (increase), Glamorgan and the Isle of Man. Devon, Glamorgan and Suffolk (increase). Wiltshire. Devon (few), Dorset, Hants lights (many), Surrey, Glamorgan (few), Cheshire and Lancashire (many). Wiltshire (increase). Somerset (further increase), Sussex, Kent, Surrey (many), Oxford, Radnor and Durham. May iio) 10. i 13. D4 Somerset (further increase), Hants lights (many), Sussex, Wiltshire (increase), Surrey (decrease), _ Herts, Cardigan,Oxford,Cambridge (numbers), Notts (few) and Lancashire (few). Devon lights, Wiltshire and Hants (increase), Kent (few), Lincolnshire (numbers), Denbigh and Durham. . Shropshire (increase), Essex and Cheshire (many), Sussex (few), Glamorgan and Cardigan (several). Hants lights, Oxford (few), Cardigan ieee and Northumberland. Somerset (many), Hants lights (several), Hants (increase), Surrey and Kent (decrease), Lei- cester, Norfolk and Yorkshire (increase). Cornwall, Devon lights, Dorset (several), Wilts, Berks, Bucks (increase), Suffolk and Derby (increase), Lancashire (many) and Durham. Surrey (increase), Radnor, Cheshire (increase), Isle of Man (many) and Yorkshire (further increase). Sussex and Glamorgan (many), Derby (increase) and Isle of Man (decrease). Berks (usual number, nesting) and Wilts (de- crease). Hants lights (many), Suffolk (increase) and Yorkshire. Essex (many). Hants and Kent (slight increase), Wiltshire (two nests and eggs), Shropshire (building), Radnor (few), Merioneth, Denbigh and Cumberland. Denbigh (decrease). Somerset (increase), Merioneth (few) and York- shire (two nests ready). Devon lights, Cambridge (usual numbers nesting), Northumberland (several nesting) and Merio- neth (decrease). aH) Hants lights (several) and Lincolnshire (increase). Hants lights (many), Yorkshire (increase) and Durham (nesting). Hampshire (increase). Glamorgan (eggs). Devon lights. Wiltshire (increase). Dorset (increase) and Derby (nest and eggs). Merioneth. Surrey (nest and eggs) and Merioneth (decrease). THE LESSER WHITETHROAT. Sylvia curruca (L.). Tue early records of this species, all of which refer to single individuals, are so widely scattered as to render it impossible to say from whence the birds came. There was no evidence of an immigration until April the 18th, when a few were picked up at the Hampshire lights. The number arriving was evidently small, as we find no striking increase anywhere, but the birds seem to have scattered widely in a northerly direction, reaching Somerset and Berks on the 20th, 21st, and 23rd; Nottingham on the 22nd; Derby, Lincoln, and Oxford on the 23rd ; and Durham and Yorkshire on the 26th and 29th. On the 29th a second immigration arrived on the south coast, chiefly at the eastern end, and spread into Essex and Cambridge on the following day, the more westerly individuals passing through Wilts and Somerset into South Wales, Shropshire, Worcester, and Cheshire. It was not, however, until the third immigration, which was noticed at the Hampshire lights on May the 4th, that the numbers of this species reached their usual summer level. Immediately after this an increase was recorded throughout the country, and it is clear that the stream gradually ad- vanced northwards during the next ten days, expanding as it went both in an easterly and a_ westerly direction. Hertfordshire and Berkshire were reached on the 7th, Essex and Somerset on the 9th, Oxford on the 10th, Derby on the 11th, South Wales, Suffolk, and Norfolk on the 12th. After that date this species was recorded as present in its usual numbers throughout its normal area. On the 14th it had begun to nest in Berkshire and Derbyshire, and by a7 May the 20th a nest with eggs was reported from as far west as Radnorshire. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. March 28. April 8. salem LO etn G2 uae Os Roeeera iko 8 pence io) Se eaRW AI). Reese Lo hs ee aon we 23: meee 20. Beer ne (is Mae ee Se Pe DO. ol) May Pee 8 » 9 10. eer Suffolk. Lancashire. Merioneth. Surrey and Cambridge. Dumfries. Hants lights (several). Cambridge. Somerset. Berks. Notts (few). Berks (fairly plentiful), Oxford, Derby and Lincolnshire. Surrey and Durham. Sussex. Derby. Sussex (few) and Yorkshire. Somerset (few), Essex, Cambridge (several) and Worcester. Shropshire and Lancashire. Surrey, Wilts and Glamorgan. Wilts, Glamorgan and Cheshire. Hants lights, Herts and Suffolk. Kent, Middlesex and Herts. Berks (usual numbers), Herts (several), Cam- bridge (numbers), Lincolnshire (many in breeding - haunts), Lancashire (few) and Merioneth. Dorset, Shropshire (usual numbers), Suffolk (several) and Yorkshire. Somerset (few) and Hssex (few). Oxford (few). Derby (few). May 12. IW. 18. 20. 58 Glamorgan (few), Suffolk (few) and Norfolk (increase). Essex (generally distributed), Berks, Bucks, Derby (nesting), Cheshire (few) and Denbigh. Sussex (few). Dorset, Merioneth and Yorkshire (slight increase ?). Radnor. Radnor (nest and eggs). No change in numbers and distribution after this date. LESSER WHITETHROAT. I= Immigration thus:- a 2" mmigration thus:- @ 60 BLACKCAP. _ |"s.2™Immigrationsthus:- I6 374%, 5" hmmigrationsthus- @ 6".7'*hnmigrationsthus: AM 8"29" a 6L THE BLACKCAP. Sylvia atricapilla (L.). BrrwEen March the 20th and April the 10th the records show the presence of a few Blackcaps, chiefly males, scattered throughout the whole of the south-eastern and southern counties of England from Suffolk to Devonshire. From April the 11th to May the 23rd there were constant arrivals of these birds on the south coast, and, by reason of the completeness of the coast-records, nine separate immigrations could be traced during that time. The two movements took place on April the 18th and on April the 21st and 22nd. The other immigrations were much smaller and took place at times when other species were arriving in large numbers. The last two immigrations, on May the 14th-16th and May the 22nd—23rd, seem to have consisted mostly of a few female birds. The first immigration was one of quite minor importance, and occurred on the south coast from Kent to Dorset on April the 11th and 13th. Thence the birds spread into Surrey on the 12th and 13th, Suffolk on the 13th and 14th, Somerset on the 14th, Berks on the 16th, and Norfolk and Glamorgan on the 19th. The second immigration, on the other hand, was a very large one and occurred on the Hampshire coast on April the 18th. From there the birds appear to have spread chiefly in a north-westerly direction through Gloucester and Somerset on the 20th and 21st, reaching Derby and N. Wales on the 23rd, Cheshire on the 24th, and Durham and Yorkshire on the 25th and 26th. 62 The third immigration, also a large one, began on April the 21st with the arrival of a few birds on the Kent coast, the main body arriving in Hampshire on the following day. It seems to have followed much the same lines of its predecessor, haying been noticed in Somerset and Glamorgan on the 23rd, but its further progress could not be traced. The fourth and fifth immigrations were quite small as regards numbers, but were noticed in Kent and Hampshire on the 24th and 25thof April and in Hampshire on the 28th. They seem to have furnished part of the breeding-stock of the south-eastern and eastern counties, as an increase was noticed in Cambridge on May the Ist, in Surrey on the 3rd, in Hertford on the 4th, and in Cambridge and Suffolk on the 7th. The sivth immigration seems to have included a small number of birds arriving on the Devonshire coast on May the 3rd. These were noticed in Somerset on the following day and in Cardigan on the 10th. The seventh immigration affected the south coast from Kent to Dorset on May the 8th, 9th, and 10th, the main arrival taking place in Somerset and Dorset on the last-named date. The earlier arrivals seem to have reached Stafford and Shrop- shire on the 10th and 12th and Yorkshire on the 13th, while the main body passed through Somerset, Glamorgan, and Buckinghamshire on the 12th, Suffolk, Surrey, and Berk- shire on the 13th, Norfolk on the 14th, and Lincolnshire on the (ith); The eighth immigration, which seems to have consisted largely of females, occurred on the south coast from Sussex to Dorset between the 14th and 16th of May, but the number of birds being small and those already in the country large, it could not be traced, though there was a slight increase in Somerset on the 16th and in N. Wales on the 22nd. The ninth, and last immigration of which we have any evidence, reached the Hampshire lights on the 22nd and 23rd of May. Only females were noticed, and owing to the majority of the birds’ having already settled down, further progress could not be traced. 03 CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. March 20, Suffolk. 3 ol. -Wssex: April 4. Somerset. o 5. Hssex. - 7. Shropshire (¢ ). a 8. S. Devon. a 9. Kent, Wiltshire and Worcester. ,» 10. Berkshire. wile Went: » 12. Surrey and Cardigan. , 13. Dorset, Hants and Surrey (increase). ,, 14. Somerset (increase) and Suffolk. Palos e Siitollke » 16. Berkshire (increase). , 18. Hants lights (very large immigration). » 19. Glamorgan and Norfolk. 4, 20. Gloucester. » 21. Kent and Somerset (increase). » 22. Hants lights (large numbers) and Berks (decrease). » 23. Glamorgan, Somerset (increase), Denbigh and Derby. 24. Kent (increase) and Cheshire. » 20. Hants lights and Durham. » 26. Yorkshire (several). 28. Hants lights. May 1. Cambridge (few). 2. Oxford. 3. Devon and Surrey (increase). 4. Somerset (increase) and Herts. 7. Somerset (increase), Suffolk (increase) and Cambridge (many). 8. Dungeness, Kent (nesting). “ 9. Dorset (increase). ,, 10. Sussex (increase), Dorset, Staffordshire and Cardigan (several). F2 64 Somerset, Glamorgan (increase), Buckingham (slight increase) and Shropshire (many). Surrey, Suffolk, Berks and Yorkshire (increase). Dorset, Sussex (increase) and Norfolk. Dorset, Hants lights (several 2) and Somerset (increase). Sussex (increase) and Lincolnshire. Hants lights and Denbigh (increase). Hants lights. Herts (increase) and Cheshire (few). Radnor. THE GARDEN-WARBLER. Sylvia hortensis Bechst. Tue Garden-Warbler appears to have arrived at first in small numbers on the western half of the south coast about the second week in April, and to have spread thence in a northerly and north-easteriy direction, reaching Hereford on the 13th and 14th, Yorkshire on the 19th, Essex on the 21st, and Nottingham on the 23rd. A few additional birds apparently spread into Yorkshire on the 26th and into Durham and Lancashire on the 29th and 30th and on May the Ist. A second immigration appears to have taken place along the same part of our south coast during the first few days of May, but as it was not recorded on the coast, its actual point of arrival was difficult to determine. In any case there was certainly an increase in Somerset on May the 4th, and on the same day we received the first records from South Wales. On the 7th these birds reached Merioneth on the west and Cambridge on the east, and on the 11th they had got as far north as Yorkshire, while the more eastern individuals reached Norfolk on the 14th and Lincoln on the 16th and 17th. The extension eastwards of this species seems to have been very gradual, for with the exception of one or two birds recorded from Essex during the last week in April, there were no records from the south-east until May the Sth, when a single bird was recorded from Suffolk; a second was reported from Norfolk on May the 10th, and it was not till after that date that the breeding-stock arrived in the south-east. About May the 10th a third immigration seems to have come in. Some of the birds, following the same line of coast as the two previous ones, travelled north and north-east, 66 GARDEN-WARBLER. I Immigration thus: 23 2™ Immigration thus: @) 3" Immigration thus: [Mel 4"|mmugration i M=May. +. Dates without mitial aré in April. 67 passing Somerset on the 11th, and reaching Shropshire, Radnor, and Cheshire by the 14th ; others, spreading further to the east, reached Berkshire on the 11th, Hertfordshire and Buckinghamshire on the 12th and 13th, Surrey on the 13th, and Sussex on the 15th. With the fourth immigration we have the first clear evidence of the arrival of the Garden-Warbler on the coast. This occurred on the 16th of May at the Hampshire lights, and was recorded from Devon and Dorset on the following day. These immigrants could be traced in a northerly direction through Wiltshire and Buckinghamshire on the 18th, Oxford on the 19th, Radnor on the 20th, and Cheshire on the 24th. By this date the earlier arrivals had already begun to nest as far north as Durham, and beyond this point they could not be traced with any certainty. A fifth immigration, which was observed at the Light Stations only, occurred on the Hampshire and Devon coasts on May the 22nd and 23rd, but the movement was not of sufficient magnitude to enable it to be traced through the country. Subsequently a small number arrived in Hampshire on the 26th and 28th of May, and there was reason to believe that these birds passed north through the west of England and Mid-Wales. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. April 10. Dorset. , 13. Hereford. 14. Hereford (few). 19. Yorkshire. 21. Essex. 23. Nottingham (some). Zou Oxtorde. 26. Yorkshire (increase). 28. Staffordshire. 29. Durham. 30. Lancashire. Se OR AOE: ee Oy, og: BDF by June, 4. Ou HR bo Re 68 Cambridge and Lancashire (few). Somerset. Somerset (few) and Glamorgan. Suffolk. Shropshire. Wilts, Cambridge (many) and Merioneth. Wilts and Durham (settled). Somerset and Cheshire. Norfolk. Somerset (few), Berks, Derby and Yorkshire (many). Dorset, Herts, Bucks (first arrival), Merioneth and Westmoreland. Somerset (decrease), Berks, Herts and Surrey. Scmerset, Radnor, Shropshire, Cheshire (estab- lished), Derby (usual numbers) and Norfolk (few). Sussex. ° Hants lights, Hants inland (few) and Lincoln- shire. Devon, Dorset (many) and Lincolnshire. Wilts (slight increase) and Bucks. Oxford. Radnor. 21-27. Somerset (no change). 21. 22. ier 24. Essex (nesting) and Durham (nesting). Devon lights (many) and Hants lights (several). Devon lights and Hants lights (many). Herts (few), Cambridge (nesting) and Cheshire (several). Kent (nesting) and Radnor (nesting). Hants lights (several). Denbigh. Hants lights, Somerset (increase), Shropshire (several) and Staffordshire (increase). “ Radnor (several). Derby (nesting) and Sussex (usual numbers). THE GRASSHOPPER-WARBLER., Locustella nevia (Bodd.). THE Grasshopper-Warbler is one of those species which from the nature of its haunts, habits, and local distribution — is but meagrely recorded, and it is very difficult to give any idea of its course through the country. It seems probable from the lighthouse-records that it arrived on the south coast in small parties, the males and females travelling together. If not actually in company with several other species, it apparently formed part of the large waves of immigrants composed chiefly of various Warblers, which arrived periodically during April. It probably at once repaired to its breeding-haunts, but as it did not begin to sing for a day or two after its arrival, escaped observation until it had become established. It was difficult therefore to connect the inland observations with those made on the coast. The only records we have of this species from the coast were those from the. Hampshire lights, and they show that the bird arrived in small numbers on April the 18th, 20th, 22nd, and 25th. The jist immigration was part of a huge wave consisting of Wheatears, Whinchats, Swallows, and no less than eight other species of Warblers, but the numbers of Grasshopper- Warblers were so small that they were not recorded inland. The second arrival on April the 20th was part of another smaller wave of immigrant Warblers, and again the number of Grasshopper-Warblers was so small that they were not - observed after their arrival. The third immigration, on the 22nd of ial was also part of another similar wave. 70 GRASSHOPPER-WARBLER. ol These three immigrations produced a considerable increase in the number of Grasshopper- Warblers ; but as the birds were silent on their arrival, they were generally overlooked and were not recorded by our inland observers until they commenced to sing. Curiously enough, however, the earlier records. of this species were mostly from inland counties, and apparently it was not until well into the second week in May that its distribution became general in the south. From the south- eastern counties it was hardly recorded at all, and there can be no doubt that in 1906 it was a rare bird in those localities. From what has been said above it is clear that an attempt at tracing its dispersal through the country must for the present be purely speculative. Norr.—The map merely illustrates the point of arrival of this species and the first record from each county. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. April 18. Hants lights (¢ and @ ). » 20. Hants lights. » 22. Hants lights. ee oe elaius: » 24. Merioneth. » 20. Hants lights. 5 29. Surrey and Yorkshire. ,» 030. Oxford and Durham. 1. Glamorgan. 3. Worcester. 4, Northumberland. 5. Wiltshire and Denbigh, , 6. Kent, Cardigan and Cheshire. 7. Dorset, Glamorgan, Shropshire, Lancashire and Durham (settled). » 8. Glamorgan (few daily). “1 ~ May 10. Hants, 11. Somerset. 57) 2 aberks: » 13. Surrey, Staffordshire and Lancashire. 14. Shropshire (several in scattered localities), .. 18. Lancashire (few). » 22. Durham (nesting). 9 (i) THE CHIFFCHAFF. Phylloscopus rufus (Bechst.). THERE cannot be the slightest doubt that the arrivals of the Chiffchaff on the south coast were to the west of the Hampshire and Sussex border, and that the eastern and south-eastern counties were stocked by birds spreading in an easterly and north-easterly direction. The main feature of this bird’s arrival was the constant and steady stream that » arrived in the area above-mentioned; it started on March the 27th and lasted with only two intermissions of a single day till the 8th of April. A more or less artificial division into separate movements might be made, for there seems to have been a tendency all through for the migrants to arrive first in Devon, then on the following days in Dorset and Hampshire ; but, as in most cases a fresh arrival began in Devon before the previous one had finished arriving in Hampshire, it would be best perhaps to regard the movement as one large immigration. Previous to the arrival of the main body there were two small immigrations. The first of these reached Hampshire and probably also Devon on March the 16th or 17th, and spread thence into Somerset, Wiltshire, Berkshire, Oxford, Cambridge, Derby and Norfolk, its general trend being in a north-easterly direction. The second immigration was headed by the arrival of a few stragglers in Hampshire on the 19th of March, the main body reaching the western half of the south coast from Devon to Hampshire on the 21st, while a further body reached Cornwall on the 23rd and Devon on the 24th. Some of these birds spread through Somerset mainly on the 23rd and 26th, thence into South and--Mid-Wales hy i4 the 28th and into Shropshire on the 30th; others took a more easterly direction, reaching Essex and Suffolk on the 26th; while 2 third portion went north-east, reaching Nottingham and Yorkshire on the 27th. The main flight began on March the 27th with the appear- ance of a small number of birds in Devon, followed by a somewhat larger arrival in Dorset and Hampshire on the following day. On the 29th and 30th a further immigration took place into Devon, followed by a smaller one into Hamp- shire on the 31st, while larger bodies reached Dorset and Hampshire on April the 1st and 2nd, each of these move- ments being noted at the different lighthouses. The eastern extremity of this flight on April the 2nd may have extended over the Sussex border as far as Brighton, but this and possibly one on April the 28th were the only records of the arrival of this species to the east of the Isle of Wight. On April the 4th a small number came into Cornwall and a large number into Devon, on the 6th Dorset was the chief point of arrival, on the 7th additional numbers reached Dorset und Devon, while on the 8th another small immigration appeared in Cornwall. The early comers, which were comparatively few in number, seem to have taken a northerly and north-easterly direction like the previous small immigrations, and by the 31st the more easterly ones had reached Suffolk and the more northerly ones Worcester and Cheshire. The larger numbers which arrived somewhat later were all trending in the same directions, and there is very little evidence of their following any more westerly route through Wales. The edge of the spreading movement seems to have passed up the line of the Welsh border through Somerset, Wiltshire, Gloucester, Worcester, Shropshire and Cheshire into Lancashire and Yorkshire; and the records indicate that the Welsh birds were stragglers from this edge of the migratory wave. The birds at the eastern end of the area of arrival spread - still further east through Berkshire, Surrey and Sussex into™ 73 Essex, Hertford and Cambridge, but their arrival in these counties was several days later than that of the birds on the western edge in Lancashire and Yorkshire. A second large immigration occurred subsequently to this, but lasted only four days; it was noted in Devon on April the 11th, and in Devon and Hants on the 13th and 14th. The birds again went north-east, passing through Somerset for over a week, and through Wiltshire into Oxford and Nottingham, the eastern ones passing from Hampshire into Surrey and Berkshire. By April the 16th Chiffchaffs were reported as paired in Hampshire, and as nesting in Yorkshire on the 21st; but further immigrants were still arriving in Hampshire on April the 19th and 20th, in Devon on the 23rd, and in Sussex on the 28th. Many of these birds passed through Somerset and apparently reached Norfolk and Suffolk ; but they must have travelled in a leisurely manner, and were to a great extent overlooked on the way. It seems possible that these later arrivals were on their way to the more northern parts of Europe. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE Recorps. March 16. Kent. », 17. Hants and Somerset (common), », 18. Wilts, Berks, Oxford, Cambridge and Derby. , 19. Hants (slight increase) and Norfolk. . 20. Devon, Wilts (slight increase) and Radnor. ,, 21. Devon (slight increase), Dorset and Hants (further slight increase). » 23. Cornwall and Somerset (slight increase). » 24. Devon (further increase). » 26. Somerset (increase), Essex, Suffolk and Merioneth. . 27. Devon (slight increase), Cardigan, Nottingham and Yorkshire. ., 28. Dorset (increase), Hants (increase) and Car- digan (few). March 29, 50 00: esi April yi. gute : 3. 37 ONES peepee ; 6. is (ie ei 8. mt wel, Lie sare i, shige my (in lobe 33 beta Os fe Labs » 16-22. Pera? Cs) 20. 76 Devon lights, Hants (decrease) and Glamorgan. Devon lights and Shropshire. Devon (decrease), Hants lights, Suffolk (slight increase), Worcester (very few) and Cheshire. Dorset lights, Dorset (increase), Hants lights (many), Surrey, Oxford (slight increase), Worcester (few) and Lancashire. Devon lights (Start), Dorset (decrease), Hants lights (many) and Sussex (few). Herts, Gloucester and Denbigh. Cornwall, Devon (many), Berkshire (slight increase), Worcester (further increase), Shrop- shire, Cheshire and Yorkshire (increase). Norfolk (slight increase). Dorset (increase), Wilts (slight increase) and Lincoln. Devon, Dorset (further increase), Somerset Gloucester, Surrey (increase) and Sussex (slight inerease). Cornwall (few), Essex (slight increase), Shrop- shire, Merioneth, Lancashire (increase) and Isle of Man. Merioneth (slight increase). Devon (many), Somerset (slight increase), Shropshire (increase) and Westmoreland. Somerset (increase), Wilts (many) and Oxford (slight increase). Devon (many), Hants, Herts, Cambridge (in- crease), Radnor, Yorkshire and Isle of Man (slight increase). Devon (many), Hants (increase) and Wilts (increase). Cambridge (decrease). Hants (paired), Surrey (increase), Berks (slight increase) and Nottingham. Somerset (increase daily). Devon (decrease) and Hants (many). Hants (many). 7 April 21. Somerset (large influx) and Yorkshire (nesting). » 23. Devon (increase) and Hants (decrease). 5 24. Oxford (pairing). » 20. Devon (decrease). » 28. Sussex (increase). April 30 to May 6. Somerset (daily increase). May 2. Wiltshire (nest and eggs). 3 5. Suffolk (increase). » 10. Norfolk (slight increase). , 13. Northumberland. 15. Somerset (a nest with incubated eggs). Generally distributed after April 22nd. Map 1. CHIFFCHAFF. a -(Mch26) Enoti “oD 0 oO Olle st CHIFFCHAFF. Map 2. ENGLAND axp WALES 3% lmmigration Early arrivals tius:- 5} ditto Late arrivals:- om AP Innigration a Dates without initial are in April Mch28. if Apl.2.6. T Mch27 9.50. THE WILLOW-WARBLER. Phylloscopus trochilus (L.). As was the case in 1905, the immigrations of the Willow- Warbler were again remarkable for the enormous numbers which arrived simultaneously and were actually observed passing some of the south-coast lights, as well as for the duration of the migratory periods. Thus, the keeper of St. Katherine’s light in the Isle of Wight notes on April the 18th :—‘* There has been a tremendous wave of birds, all the species marked ‘many’” (z.e. Wheatear, Willow- Warbler, &c.) “were simply uncountable, they were in hundreds everywhere.” Again on April the 25th he notes, “only a moderate flight, almost all Willow-Warblers ; these could have been caught in scores about the lantern windows, but very few killed themselves. .... Some thousands of Willow-Warblers must have passed here this spring.” The forerunners of the first immigration seem to have landed in Devon about the 18th of March, where they remained for a few days and then dispersed ; other stragglers were recorded in Sussex and Suffolk on the same day, in Somerset on the 29th, and in Hampshire on the 31st. The jirst immigration,which appears to have been only a small one, took place on the coast of Dorset on April the 1st in conjunction with a large immigration of Chiffchafts, Wheatears, &e. From Dorset they could be traced on the following day to Somerset, to Hampshire on the 3rd, Derby and Devon on the 4th, Oxford on the 5th, Cheshire on the 7th, Yorkshire on the 8th, Denbigh on the 9th, and Lancashire and Westmoreland on the 11th. The second immigration, also a small one, occurred on the Hampshire coast in the early morning of April the 6th. On the sl same day an increase was noted inland in Hampshire, from whence the birds appear to have spread into Somerset and Glamorgan on the 7th, into Surrey on the 8th, Berkshire on the 9th, Cambridge, Shropshire and Worcester on the 11th. A second detachment of this immigration appears to have landed on April the 8th and 9th over the greater part of the western half of the south coast, but was only actually recorded in Cornwall and Dorset. We find an increase in Wiltshire and a further increase in Surrey on the 11th, and the birds seem to have reached Denbigh, Cheshire, and Derby on the 12th, while others were still passing through Somerset and Gloucester on the same day. The earlier birds evidently reached Yorkshire on the 13th, Durham and Northumberland on the 15th, and Dumfries on the 16th ; the later arrivals were recorded from Stafford and Derby on the 13th and Shropshire on the 14th. The third immigration, which was the first really large one, extended along the whole of the south coast between the 13th and 22nd of April, but the bulk of the birds arrived to the west of the Isle of Wight, and it was not till the 14th and 15th that they began to arrive to the east of that point. The largest arrivals seem to have been on the 13th, 18th, 20th and 22nd, many passing inland as far as Berk- shire on the first-mentioned date and to Hertfordshire on the following day. On the 15th the westerly wing had reached Cheshire, and, on the east, birds were to be found in Hssex and Cam- bridge ; on the next day they appeared in Suffolk, Norfolk, Nottingham, Yorkshire and the Isle of Man, and there is evidence that a number of the eastern birds left the country by the coasts of Norfolk and Lincoln. The arrival of the large flight of Willow-Warblers on April the 20th appears to be remarkable, as having been the only one that occurred before midnight, all the others having taken place in the early hours of the morning. It is almost impossible to describe in an intelligible manner the course taken by these different arrivals through the country, coming in, as they did nightly, during a period of 82 a week ; but it is perfectly clear from a study of the Time- table, and by noting the successive increases and decreases at different points, that wave after wave of birds arrived along the south coast and swept due north throughout the country. Some appear to have left the north coast of Wales and to have travelled north through the Isle of Man, while others, taking a north-easterly direction, left the east coast by Norfolk and Lincoln. There seems to be no doubt that the bulk of our own breeding-birds arrived with the earlier part of this movement and during the previous immigrations. By April the 28th a nest with eggs was reported from Devonshire, and by the end of this last immigration the Willow-Warbler was reported as resident in its full numbers from several parts of the country. After April the 22nd there was a lull in the migratory movements until the 25th, but from that date onwards till May the 4th there was another large immigration in successive waves. The records show that these waves arrived on the coasts of Hampshire and Kent on the 25th, in Devon and Dorset on the 26th, Hampshire on the 27th, Hampshire, Sussex and Kent on the 28th, Hampshire on April the 30th and May the 1st, Cornwall and Hants on May the 2nd, and Hampshire and Dorset on the 4th. As was the case in the latter part of the last immigration, the records show that these birds did not stop, but continued travelling in a northerly direction, and by means of the annexed Time-table the routes can be traced with very fair accuracy. It should again be noted that we have evidence on May the 10th of birds having passed through the Isle of Man and on the 14th of others having left the east coast. From May the 7th to the 16th a third series of immigratory waves reached the south coast, the birds arriving in Devon continuously between those dates. On the 8th they arrived in Cornwall and Dorset, on the 10th in Sussex, and on the 11th and 12th in Hampshire. On the 15th a very large waye arrived in the last-named county, and on the 16th in Dorset. 83 The course of this immigration could not be traced through the country, but the evidence, such as it is, points to its having followed the same course as its predecessors. After that date there was again a lull for a few days, till, on the 21st of May, a final succession of immigratory waves arrived on the south coast, but the bulk of the birds having now passed, the numbers were less and the immi- gration only lasted for three nights. It began on the Dorset coast on May the 21st, a second wave struck the Hampshire coast on the 22nd, and a third reached the Cornish coast on the 23rd. Lastly, a few stragglers, in company with Garden- Warblers, passed the Hampshire lights on May the 26th. Nore.—In the map the points and dates of arrival of the 3rd immi- gration are all noted. But the course of the birds through the country is indicated for the earlier arrivals only. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcoRDs. March 18. Devon, Sussex and Suffolk. » 21. Devon (decrease till the 4th of April). 35 29. Somerset. ee oll, Elam psmuire: April 1. Dorset lights. Somerset (many, resident and passing all the week). 3. Hampshire. 4. Devon and Derby. 5 6 © Oxford. Hampshire lights (few). Hampshire inland (few). Surrey, Somerset (increase), Glamorgan and Cheshire. 8. Dorset, Kent, Surrey (many) and Yorkshire (several). 9. Cornwall (common), Berkshire and Denbigh. ~ April 11. +9 39 23. 54 Wiltshire, Surrey (increase), Cambridge, Wor- cester, Shropshire, Lancashire and West- moreland. Somerset (further increase), Gloucester, Denbigh (many), Cheshire, Derby (slight increase) and Suffolk. Devon (many). Hampshire (many). Berkshire (slight increase), Staffordshire, Den- bigh (many), Derby and Yorkshire (increase). Kent (slight increase), Wilts, Berks, Herts, Gloucester (increase), Shropshire, Denbigh (slight decrease), Derby (further increase) and Nottingham. Dorset, Sussex, Essex, Cambridge (increase), Shropshire (further increase), Staffordshire, Cheshire, Northumberland and Durham. Somerset (gradual increase). Hampshire (many). Kent, Berks, Herts, Suffolk (slight increase), Norfolk, Nottingham (increase), Cheshire, Yorkshire, I. of Man and Dumfries. Kent (decrease), Norfolk lights, Lincolnshire, Leicester and Radnor. Devon, Hants lights, Berks (increase) and Norfolk lights. Norfolk lights and Nottingham (decrease). Hants lights, Lancashire (slight increase) and Yorkshire (further increase). Kent, Essex (further increase), Surrey, Oxford, Wiltshire (slight increase), Radnor, Merioneth (increase) and Staffordshire (decrease). Hants lights, Kent, Glamorgan, Merioneth (de- crease), Denbigh (slight increase), Nottingham and Durham (increase). Cornwall, Hants (decrease), Radnor (increase), Shropshire (apparently resident in full numbers) and Westmoreland (slight increase). April 24, 4) bo Ou 30. 85 Somerset, Berks (increase), Surrey (decrease), Norfolk (slight increase), Cheshire (further increase) and Westmoreland. Hants lights, Kent (increase), Wiltshire and Merioneth (slight increase), Radnor, Notting- ham, Yorkshire (great increase) and Westmore- land (decrease). Devon lights, Dorset (increase) and Somerset (decrease). Hants, Surrey, Berks (decrease), Wilts and Radnor (increase). Devon (nest with eggs), Hants lights, Sussex (increase), Kent (further increase), Merioneth (decrease) and Derby (increase). Hants, Sussex and Kent (decrease), Oxford (increase), Wiltshire (decrease), Somerset (in- crease) and Cheshire. Hants lights, Hssex, Oxford (decrease), Merioneth, Staffordshire (slight increase), Lancashire (in- crease) and Durham. Hants, Surrey (further increase), Cambridge and Westmoreland (increase). Cornish lights, Hants (many), Wiltshire (in- crease), Leicester (slight increase). Hssex (further increase), Radnor and Yorkshire (increase) and Lancashire (decrease). Dorset, Hants lights, Hants (further increase), Merioneth (further slight increase), Stafford- shire (increase) and Cheshire. Kent (slight increase), Berks, Oxford (increase), Suffolk, Norfolk and Denbigh. Somerset and Radnor (further increase). Lancashire (slight increase). . Devon (numbers increased). Cornish lights and Dorset (increase). Wiltshire and Oxford (decrease), Lincolnshire (inerease) and Yorkshire. 86 Sussex and Isle of Man (increase) and Yorkshire (decrease). Hants lights, Radnor and Isle of Man (decrease). Hants and Berks (increase) and Dorset (de- crease). Somerset (decrease) and Lancashire (increase). Lincolnshire (decrease). Hants lights and Isle of Man (increase). Dorset and Radnor (increase). Herts (increase). Bucks and Oxford (increase). Herts (decrease). Dorset (decrease). Dorset (increase) and Yorkshire (several nests with eggs). Dorset (decrease) and Hants lights. Cornish lights. Hants lights, 87 “* {mmigration thus: | f ™ {mmigration t 2 WILLOW-WARBLER. hus: S All dates ave in April. 88 WOOD-WARBLER. ‘ hus hus May. Dates without initial are in April Immigration thus:- 2 |mmigration thus:- * Immigration t Me= le en \| 89 THE WOOD-WARBLER. Phylloscopus sibilatrix (Bechst.). In 1906 the first immigration of the Wood-Warbler took place principally on the western half of our southern shores. There was no evidence whatever of the landing of any indi- viduals to the east of West Sussex, and indeed those arriving eastward of Mid-Hants only formed an infinitesimal part of the total. Small numbers began to arrive in the west during the latter part of the first and the second weeks of April, the largest number reaching Devon about the 12th, while a few landed as far east as West Sussex on the 13th. Up to the 15th of April the species was sparsely distributed in suitable localities in most of the counties south of the Thames and Severn, with the exception of Surrey and Kent. After that date the birds seem to have straggled northwards, till, by the end of April, the species was generally but very sparsely distributed, as far north as Durham on the east and Shropshire and N. Wales on the west. Taking this into consideration, coupled with the fact that a number of birds appear to have passed through Notts at an early date, it would seem that the direction of the flight of this first straggling movement was mainly from the south-west in a north-easterly direction. The jirst large arrival seems to have taken place about April the 30th on the coasts of Dorset and Hampshire ; on that day the numbers in Wiltshire were suddenly augmented and there was a further increase on the two following days, while in Hampshire there was an increase on May the Ist. In the absence of any actual lighthouse -records it is not possible to 90 be certain of the exact date of this immigration, but we know that on April the 30th there was a very extensive movement affecting this part of the south coast. The species chiefly concerned were Willow-Warblers and Whitethroats, and it may not be far from the truth if we assume that the Wood- Warblers, which undoubtedly arrived about that date, also formed part of this immigratory “ rush.” These birds halted for a day or two near their points of arrival, and began to disperse about the 3rd and 4th of May. They seem to have spread in a northerly and north-easterly direction, reached Staffordshire on the 4th, travelled thence through Wales and Shropshire into Lancashire, West York- shire, and Durham, and arrived in the last-named county by the 8th. The more easterly birds do not seem to have gone further than Surrey, Berkshire, and Hertford, but their dispersal was evidently gradual, the numbers in each locality rising day by day; there was very little evidence of any definite route being followed, or of any rapid migratory stream, as was the case with many species. A second fairly large immigration took place on the 9th of May along the western half of the south coast from Hamp- shire to Devon, and was supplemented by a further arrival in Dorset on May the 12th. After the arrival of these birds the same gradual spreading movement was apparent, the numbers mounting day by day in each locality, and the line of distribution was again in a north and north-easterly direction. It should be noticed too that after the arrival of this immigration the number of the more easterly residents increased rather more decidedly, and the first records were received from East Sussex and Kent. After May the 14th or 15th the birds had evidently settled down in their nesting-haunts, and the numbers showed very little further fluctuation, while by the 23rd nests were reported from as far north as Durham. There may have been another small immigration into Hampshire on May the 25th, but from want of corroborative evidence this must remain doubtful. April 29 Jil CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. D. 10. te IA, 13. 14. By, 16. ie 22. Somerset. Hampshire. Wiltshire. Devon. Devon, W. Sussex and Bucks. Devon. W. Sussex (several). Somerset, Suffolk and Nottingham (many). Devon. Devon and Nottingham (many). Nottingham. Radnor. Shropshire and Durham. Surrey. Wiltshire (several) and Durham (few). Hampshire (few) and Wiltshire. Wiltshire (many) and Merioneth. Hampshire. Dorset, Somerset and Staffordshire (many). Dorset, Herts (few), Denbigh, Shropshire and EK. Yorkshire. Surrey, Radnor, Denbigh and W. Yorkshire (few). Berks, Cardigan, Radnor, Shropshire and Lan- cashire (few). Somerset, Merioneth and Durham (many). Devon (increase), Dorset (many), Hants (many), Glamorgan and Cheshire. Dorset, E. Sussex, Surrey, Staffordshire, Cheshire (few) and Durham (nesting). Cheshire and W. Yorkshire (great increase). Dorset (many). Surrey, Radnor,Cheshire and Northumberland. Hants (settled), Berks, Radnor, Shropshire (few), Cheshire (plentiful) and Derby (few). 21. Merioneth. Somerset and Denbigh (few). 3 Westmoreland. Durham (9 nests). Hampshire (few), Kent and Radnor (few). Bucks. 93 THE REED-WARBLER. Acrocephalus streperus (Vieill.). Tue Reed-Warbler is one of those species which is very seldom observed on migration, and asa rule it is not until it has arrived in its breeding-haunts that its presence is noted. As its distribution in these islands depends entirely on the suitability of the various counties to its needs, it is always a most difficult task to trace its manner of arrival and dispersal, and as it does not appear to be much attracted by the Lights, there are few solid facts to go upon. From the records of our inland observers it would seem that it arrived mainly from the south-east, and landed along the whole of the south coast as well as on the lower half of the eastern coast, from Suffolk to Devon. The birds arriving in the west seem to have worked north through Somerset into South Wales, and thence as far as Cheshire. The east coast birds spread north and north-west into Norfolk, Cambridge, Lincoln, and Yorkshire, while those arriving in Sussex and Hants presumably moved northwards into the midland counties. The jirst immigration seems to have arrived along the coast from Essex to Devon between the 13th and 17th of April. The birds do not seem to have moved very far, but _ to have settled down in suitable localities near their points of arrival. A second immigration apparently arrived in Sussex and Hants on May the 8th, and possibly a third visited the former county on May the 15th. H 94 A fourth immigration occurred on the east and south coasts from Suffolk to Hants from May the 21st to the 23rd, and on the latter date it was noticed at the Hants lights. A fifth immigration occurred in Devon and Dorset on May the 28th and 29th. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. April 13. Pie fy 8 Poa KU he Bi eae oF 45 A Bata Ii ” 19. ee hh es wee a ees ay ees June 9. Hssex. Devon and Hants (paired). Somerset. Norfolk. Lincolnshire. Hants and Sussex (few). Yorkshire (numerous). Cheshire (few). Wilts and Oxford (mating), Norfolk (slight increase), Somerset (few), Essex and Cambridge. Norfolk (fairly abundant) and Cheshire (plentiful in reed-beds) Sussex (many). Suffolk. Dungeness, Kent (many), Essex and Suffolk (few). Hants lights, Glamorgan and Norfolk (nest). Hants. Devon lights and Dorset. Dorset and Bucks. Berks. 95 REED-WARBLER. ENGLAND ——— |* Immigration tus: “27 "= tmamigration thus:— © Probable Points of Arrival only . | of the 3? 425" are shown. | Dates without initial are in May. 96 SEDGE-WARBLER. [* lnmigration tus: e4 2” Immigration thus:- P| 3° (migration thus:- | M = May. ~ Dates without an are in April. o7 THE SEDGH-WARBLER. Acrocephalus phragmitis (Bechst.) THE first Sedge-Warblers appear to have been noticed at Dungeness on the 3rd of April, but it was not till ten days later that they were seen elsewhere. Between the 13th and 22nd they were evidently straggling in slowly and in small numbers, but with the exception of one record in Durham on the 22nd, these birds confined themselves to the south and east of England. On the 24th the jirst large immigration occurred in Hampshire, some of the birds apparently passing straight to the north, as we find stragglers recorded from Cheshire, Worcester, and Yorkshire on the same day. On _ the following day an increase was noted in Norfolk, and by the 27th it had reached Yorkshire. The second large immigration began on the 2nd of May ; it was first noticed in Devon and Somerset, and on the 4th and 5th large numbers arrived in Hampshire, leading on the following days to a gradual increase in Oxford, Cardigan, Cheshire, and Lancashire, and by the 8th the main body of this immigration had reached Cheshire. While these birds were proceeding up the west, an increase occurred in Norfolk on the 5th (the day after they had arrived on the Hampshire coast), and a few were recorded in Mid-Kent and Yorkshire on the 6th. It would thus appear that after their arrival on the coast these birds proceeded mainly up the west of England, passing through Cheshire on the 8th, while a few struck east through Buckingham and Berkshire to Norfolk. What became of these birds was doubtful, but apparently they either passed out of the country, or formed the breeding-stock of Norfolk. 98 On the 8th of May there seems to have been another immigration into Devon, into Hampshire two days later, and into Dorset on the 11th and 12th. These birds apparently spread over the country with the exception of the south and east, thus rendering it still more likely that the former immigration, which was lost sight of in Norfolk, contained the breeding-birds of that county. On the 13th and 14th the species was recorded as numerous in Yorkshire, Derby, and Cheshire. On the 16th there was a further immigration into Hamp- shire and Sussex ; on the 22nd and 23rd into Devon, Dorset, and Hampshire ; and on the 28th into Devon and Dorset, but the birds being by this time well distributed, it was impossible to trace them further. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcorps. April 3. Dungeness, Kent. », ll. Dungeness, Kent. Pe shale) ever te. 14. Dorset and Somerset. 15. Cambridge (several). 16. Berks and Essex. 17. Devon. », 18. Hants lights. ; 19. Shropshire. , 20. Wiltshire and Suffolk. » 22. Hants, Berks, Surrey and Durham. » 24. Hants (many), Worcester, Cheshire and York- shire. » 20. Norfolk (ancrease). 27. Yorkshire. ,» 28. Sussex and Hssex. 5 29. Hssex (several). ,, 30. Berks (“a few about”) and Lancashire. May 1. Oxford. n4 2. Devon (several), Sussex and Somerset, 3. Derby. 59 June dD. 99 Hants (many) and Wiltshire. Hants (many), Bucks (few), Norfolk (increase), Cardigan, Shropshire and Durham. Mid-Kent, Bucks, Oxford (increase), Cheshire and Yorkshire (few). Dorset, Norfolk (“ well represented ”’), Leicester, Lancashire (few) and the Isle of Man. Hddystone light, Berks (usual numbers), Shrop- shire (very numerous) and Cheshire (many). Dorset (several), Glamorgan, Merioncth and Cheshire. Hants lights, Cardigan (several), Staffordshire, Cheshire (increase) and Yorkshire. Dorset (many) and Wiltshire (increase). Devon lights (Start), Wiltshire (decrease), Bucks, Suffolk, Lincolnshire and the Isle of Man. Derby (increase) and Yorkshire (many). Glamorgan (few), Bucks, Norfolk (usual numbers), Derby (many), Cheshire (abundant) © and Lancashire. Hants lights (many) and Sussex (many). Sussex, Hssex (few) and Yorkshire (decrease). Denbigh and Yorkshire (increase). Herts and Suffolk (few). Radnor. Cambridge (large numbers) and Shropshire (nesting). | Devon lights, Hants lights, Sussex (few) and Merioneth. Eddystone light and Hants lights (many). Wiltshire (slight increase), Bucks (few), Merioneth and Yorkshire (slight increase). Devon lights and Dorset. Dorset and Derby (nests). The Isle of Man (settled). 100 WHITE WAGTAIL. — 1® Immigration thus:- e -| | 2" Inunigration thus:- @0) | | t | nigra is- [1 M = May 4 | Dates without initial are in April. | 101 THE WHITE WAGTAIL. Motacilla alba L. THis species could be clearly traced along the western route - in three main immigrations. The first of these occurred in Devon on the 4th of April : whether this was the arrival of a main body, which stayed in the south for some days or of merely a few stragglers, was not clear, for it was not until the 13th of the month that we again heard of them, in Wales, from whence they reached the Isle of Man on the 14th and Lancashire on the 16th. The second immigration arrived in Somerset on the 16th of April, Merioneth on the 19th and 20th, Denbigh on the latter date, and the Isle of Man on the 20th and 22nd. The third immigration was noted in Somerset on the 27th of April, but the birds did not reach Merioneth until the 9th of May, Lancashire on the 11th, Westmoreland on the 12th, and the Isle of Man on the 13th. A few birds were seen in the eastern counties, but the records were so disjointed that it was impossible to trace any definite movement. A few were also observed near Nottingham by a very competent observer between the 19th and 26th of April, though there was no means of finding out by what route they had arrived there, but there can be little doubt that stragglers occurred in the south-east and in the midland counties, and may have represented birds crossing the country in a north-easterly direction. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. March 23. Staffordshire. April 4. Devon. Bs 6. Essex. 5 13. Mertoneth: June ch bo Co bo bo bo bb He PSS RAE HOSA AAES ft CO SF ow 19. 20. INS 26. ~ t 27. |b 9, 102 Merioneth and Isle of Man. Essex and Merioneth (several). Somerset and Lancashire. Nottingham (several) and Lancashire. Somerset, Merioneth (decrease), Notts (de- crease) and Lancashire. Somerset, Merioneth and Notts (decrease). Merioneth (increase), Denbigh, Notts and Isle of Man. Merioneth (decrease) and Notts. Notts and Isle of Man. Somerset and Merioneth (increase). Merioneth and Notts (decrease). Cambridge and Notts. Notts. Somerset (increase). Denbigh. Somerset. Somerset (decrease). Somerset and Yorkshire. Somerset and Surrey. Berks. Merioneth and Westmoreland. Shropshire. Norfolk, Yorkshire (increase) and Lancashire (few). Westmoreland. Isle of Man. Isle of Man. Isle of Man (decrease). Norfolk and Isle of Man. Norfolk. Surrey. Norfolk. Norfolk and Radnor. Norfolk (slight increase). Norfolk. Berks, 103 © THE YELLOW WAGTAIL.. Motacilla raii (Bonap.). OmiITTING a few early records of scattered birds, the first immigration of this species arrived on the 7th of April on the eastern part of the south coast and extended as far west as Hampshire. The birds seem to have spread northwards and westwards, reaching Wilts on the date of their arrival, Hssex on the following day, Somerset, Staffordshire, Derby, Cheshire, and Norfolk on the 9th, Denbigh and Yorkshire on the 11th and 12th, Lancashire on the 14th, and Durham on the 17th. The second immigration took place on the Norfolk coast on the 13th and 14th; and may be traced through Cambridge, Berks, and Derby on the 14th, 15th, and 16th, Radnor on the 17th, and Yorkshire on the 21st. The third immigration occurred along the south coast from Hants to Kent between the 19th and 22nd of April, but the birds appear to have become merged amongst those already in the country, and could only be traced to Oxford on the 21st, and to Glamorgan and Hssex on the 23rd. A fourth immigration landed along the whole of the south coast from Devon to Kent on the 27th of April, passed into Somerset, Oxford, Essex, and Norfolk on the 30th, and reached Derby and Stafford on May the 6th, but could not be traced further. There seems to be little doubt, as far as Kent is concerned, that this last immigration consisted chiefly of females, which, previous to the 27th, were very scarce in the south-east, for though nests and eggs were recorded from Denbigh and Somerset on the 23rd and 24th of April, no nesting-records were sent in from Kent and Sussex before the 8th and 14th of May. 104 YELLOW WAGTAIL. 2° immigration tus () | tI] ba ne ; L ! = 4 inmnigrationtius:- \ ry M = May Dates without initial | are in April | . ai March 31. April LOS CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. aoe 1 3 Da 6. 7 8 9 Hssex. Cornwall and Glamorgan. Wiltshire. Derby and Northumberland. Worcester. Kent (few), Sussex, Wiltshire and Cheshire. Hssex. Somerset (many, apparently resident after this date), Norfolk, Staffordshire, Derby and Cheshire. Oxford. Denbigh and Yorkshire. Yorkshire (several). Surrey, Norfolk (several) and Cheshire (males, resident). Sussex, Cambridge and Lancashire. Cambridge and Derby (several). Berks, Cambridge (slight increase) and Lanca- shire. Dorset, Norfolk (decrease), Cambridge, Radnor and Durham. Hssex and Shropshire. Kent (few). Kent (increase), Oxford and Yorkshire (in- crease) Kent (increase), Hants lights, Devon, Gla- morgan and Lancashire. Essex and Glamorgan (many), Denbigh (nest and eggs). Somerset (nest and eggs). Essex (decrease). Wiltshire (slight increase). Kent (few), Hants (many) and Devon (several). Kent (increase) and Hants (decrease). Somerset, Oxford, Essex and Norfolk (increase). 106 Westmoreland. Leicester. Staffordshire and Derby (increase). Kent (nesting). Sussex (eggs) and Derby (nesting). Shropshire (nesting) and Durham (nest ready for eggs). 107 THE TREE-PIPIT. Anthus trivialis (1). THE records of this species indicate that it arrived at first in a straggling manner, a few birds at a time, during the first three weeks of April, at different points along the south coast from Kent to Cornwall. The birds spread fairly rapidly in a northerly direction and distributed themselves all over the country. An immigration of rather larger numbers occurred along the whole of the south coast on April the 21st and 22nd, and supplied the places in the southern counties of those birds that had passed on. During the last four days of April and on the 1st of May a larger number of immigrants arrived along the whole south coast, but mainly to the east of Hampshire, and this immigration may perhaps be regarded as the main body of our resident Tree-Pipits. After their arrival the numbers recorded all over the country show a marked increase, and, with the exception of the changes caused by the earlier arrivals passing on north and the later ones taking their places, little further change was noted. There seems to have been some slight evidence of further arrivals of this species in Dorset on May 12th and 17th and in Sussex on the 15th, but it was not strong enough to be noted as a fact. At this time our resident birds were already nesting and eggs had been recorded from Cambridge on the 21st and from Derby on the 28th. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcorDs. April 1. Cambridge. 2. Norfolk. 4, Somerset. 9) ” 105 “Ei Pit: TREE ENGLAND ——— L or oe on if anv WALES ale t > Early arrivals (points of entry not indicated): ist immigration tus:- €2) | Immigration thus:- d e- = May are in April: M Dates without initial 9 6. ae tears Bae O's Be elt(s ee teal: payee Peeve ie? PAs 0 palo pay ae ae Ss x) ES cer); staal ie Baia) 22s GORY a4: 9 29 SPAS Baro de Besa Oe SEO eae O: Nar ih a) Os ae yO 6. 109 Somerset and Staffordshire. Cornwall and W. Yorkshire. Kent (a pair). Somerset. Worcester. Sussex. Surrey and Shropshire. Hants, Surrey (few), Cambridge (several), Shrop- shire (males, resident), Radnor and Merioneth (a pair). Cardigan. Notts. Kent (few), Berks and Denbigh. Kent (decrease) and Herts. Glamorgan. Suffolk. Devon. Kent (slight increase), Hants (few), Oxford and Cambridge. Devon (few), Hants lights, Cambridge (numbers), Yorkshire, Durham and Westmoreland. Hssex, Somerset and Glamorgan (few). Cheshire. Wiltshire, Cambridge and Lincoln. Cornwall. Cornwaii, Hants and Merioneth (few). Kent (slight increase). Sussex lights, Cambridge (few), Bedford and Lancashire. Hants lights and Durham. Devon (few), Berks, Cambridge (many), Shrop- shire and Radnor. Yorkshire (slight increase) and Durham (few). Dorset (several) and Staffordshire. Herts (few), Derby, Cheshire (few) and Durham. Radnor, Staffordshire (few), Derby and Yorkshire (many ). J 110 Glamorgan, Surrey (decrease), Berkshire, Cambridge, Leicester, Radnor (few), Stafford- shire, Notts (settled), Yorkshire (plentiful). Devon, Shropshire (numbers), Cheshire and Dur- ham (many settled). Dorset (several). Derby (few) and Cheshire. Dorset (many), Wiltshire, Bucks and Merioneth. Surrey, Cambridge (many), Lincoln and Lanca- shire. Somerset (few) and Radnor (decrease). Sussex (few). Dorset (many). Radnor (few) and Cambridge (nest and eggs). Hssex (generally distributed). Herts. Derby (nest and eggs). us Halal THE RED-BACKED SHRIKE. Lanius collurio Li. THE arrival of the Red-backed Shrike, which is one of the last of our summer-immigrants, is seldom well recorded, but the evidence shows that in 1906, unlike most of the summer visitors, this species arrived mainly at the eastern end of the south coast. . The unusually early date of April the 13th referred only to a single bird observed near Cambridge, probably a strageler that had been swept on in the movements of other species. The first immigration of this species took place in the south-east on May the 4th and 5th, and was followed on the subsequent day by the arrival of a small number of birds in the west. One or two of these birds seem to have got as far as Shropshire and Yorkshire; but the main bulk of the eastern birds appear to have spread over the eastern and south-eastern counties as far north as Suffolk and Cambridge, while the western ones confined themselves mainly to the counties immediately south of the Bristol Channel. There seems to have been a second arrival about May the 12th, along the south coast as far west as Hampshire, which after reinforcing the birds in the south-east travelled west and north-west to Wales; but the evidence is so slight and the records so scattered, that it is impossible to tell with any certainty in what direction the birds travelled. In the southern counties nesting-operations had com- menced by the second week in May, and eggs were reported from Hampshire on the 17th and from Somerset on the 19th. At the time when these southern birds had commenced to breed, a third immigration took place through Hampshire on May the 23rd and 25th and was recorded from the lighthouses. 12 April 13. 112 CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcorDs. Cambridge (not noted there again till May the 13th). Shropshire. Hssex (not noted again till the 14th). Kent. Kent, Wiltshire, Oxford and Shropshire. Yorkshire (only record from Yorkshire !). Somerset and Wiltshire. Surrey, Berks and Suffolk. Somerset (few), Hants, Surrey and Cambridge (few). Sussex, Essex, Bucks and Glamorgan. Shropshire and Merioneth. Hants (nest and egg) and Essex. Merioneth. Somerset (nest and eggs), Radnor and Shrop- shire. Dorset (only record) and Berks. Norfolk. Hants lights, Wiltshire and Somerset (few). Hants lights. Radnor and Cambridge (nest and egg). Somerset (few), Essex (breeding) and Suffolk (nest). Glamorgan. Radnor. a Es: RED-BACKED SHRIKE. Pow SS ——— aan Ni y EN y ) GLAND ___ I [mmigration thus:- Z | 2™ (mmigration thus:- © All dates are in May | 4 | 114 SPOTTED FLYCATCHER. 1 (mmigration thus: y 3 2" Immigration thns:- (14) Bi dates are in May. \ THE SPOTTED FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa grisola L. Tue Spotted Flycatcher began to appear in the south-west of England during the latter part of the first week of May. It was observed in small numbers and in scattered localities, and appears to have spread in a northerly direction through Mid-Wales and in a north-easterly direction into the Thames _Valley, and so into Herts and Cambridge. Stragglers con- tinued to arrive in this manner for about a fortnight. The first important immigration occurred from May the 12th to the 17th. Probably the largest number of birds arrived along the whole of the south coast on the 12th, while smaller numbers arrived in Sussex on the 15th, in Hampshire on the 16th, and in the extreme west onthe17th. The actual arrival of these birds in the southern counties seems for the most part to have been overlooked, and it may he that they passed rapidly on, without tarrying on the coast, into Hssex, Surrey, Berks, Wilts, and Somerset, from whence the actual records came. The arrival on the 16th was noted at the Hants lights, when the present species seems to have formed one of the minor contingents of one of the heaviest immigratory “rushes ”’ of the season. The course of these birds could be traced in a northerly direction through the country as far as Yorkshire and Lancashire, though, with the exception of the southern counties, the numbers were nowhere very large. By May the 21st and 22nd the species was reported to be fairly established in Norfolk and Shropshire, and was said to be nesting in Hampshire and in Derby. On May the 22nd a second immigration occurred on the Sussex and Hampshire coasts ; but the whole movement was on a smaller scale than the previous one. 116 On May the 28th a third arrival took place along the same extent of coast, but the numbers were small and neither this nor the previous immigration could be traced through the country. May CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcORDs. Om UT Somerset. Wiltshire and Durham. Dorset, Hants, Wilts, and Somerset. Berks, Cambridge (few) and Merioneth. Surrey, Bucks, Oxford and Radnor. Middlesex and Westmoreland. Dorset, Suffolk, Cambridge (many), Shropshire, Staffordshire, Derby and Cheshire. Kent, Essex, Surrey (few), Berks, Leicester, Westmoreland and the Isle of Man. Somerset (few), Glamorgan, Cardigan, Radnor, Wiltshire (many), Oxford, Suffolk and York- shire (slight increase). Sussex (few), Bucks and Lancashire, Hants lights and Wiltshire (decrease). Cornwall, Norfolk and Derby. Shropshire and Yorkshire (increase). Cardigan and Berks (several). Kent, Devon and Radnor. Kent, Suffolk, Norfolk (fairly established), Lincoln, Derby (nesting) and Denbigh (few). Sussex (many), Hants lights, Hants (1st egg recorded) and Shropshire (general). Sussex (decrease). Denbigh (decrease) and Cheshire (few). Somerset (increase). Sussex (slight increase) and Hants lights. Staffordshire (few, nesting) and Northumber- Jand. Derby (nest with eggs). Yorkshire (few). Shropshire (many). ALY THE PIED FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa atricapilla L. As the observations on this species were scanty, and, to a large extent, made at its breeding-haunts, it has been found impossible to trace its movements, more especially as there was no indication of the route by which the birds reached this country. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. Ayuieill’ dale hae clea Pik Ra 20% 9) 26 LO. ye 29) May 3. ae 99 D. “s 6. 7. > 8. 2» 9. ipa ile): sacred, eee LDH Ror Ee by) 14 29 15 Denbigh. Norfolk. Denbigh. Westmoreland. Merioneth. Suffolk, Radnor, Shropshire and Westmoreland. Radnor. Somerset, Westmoreland and Yorkshire. Somerset and Westmoreland. Berkshire. Wiltshire. Westmoreland (and subsequently). Somerset, Lancashire and Durham. Hampshire. Durham. Merioneth (and subsequently). Durham. Yorkshire and Durham. Denbigh. Derby and Yorkshire. eee itm Oe Ay, may at at eee Pee) Ne Jime 3: Denbigh and Lancashire. Cardigan (several) and Suffolk. Denbigh and Yorkshire. Radnor. Radnor. Radnor. Radnor (few). StU) THE SWALLOW. Hirundo rustica L. From the beginning of April until the middle of May the Swallow arrived continually in this country. Being a conspicuous bird and one easily seen and identified, the records were very numerous, so thatits method of arrival and dispersion could be traced with comparative ease. During April seven distinct immigrations were observed, their general trend being due north, and in almost every case the western wing reached the Devon or Dorset coasts one or two days before the eastern wing reached Hampshire or Sussex. After the end of April the arrivals consisted of smaller bodies, which landed on the coast in various localities and could easily be traced as they followed in the track of their predecessors. The jirst immigration of the Swallow consisted of a small number of birds which arrived on the coasts of Devon and Dorset on the 3rd, 4th, and 5th of April. The first arrivals spread quickly, and reached Wiltshire on the 3rd and 4th, Somerset, Glamorgan, and Berkshire on the 4th, Derby on the 5th, Denbigh on the 6th, and Yorkshire and Lancashire on the 7th. The later arrivals passed through Somerset on the 5th, Staffordshire, Derby, and Denbigh on the 8th, Shropshire on the 9th, Leicester on the 10th, Cheshire on the 12th, reached Yorkshire and: Dumfriesshire on the 13th and Durham on the 14th. Another smaller contingent seems to have taken a more easterly route, to have passed through Hampshire into Berkshire and Kent on the 8th and to have penetrated as far as Suffolk on the 9th, Doptek on the 11th, and Cambridge on the 12th. A second immigration took place on April the 8th on the _ south coast of Cornwall. Some of these birds seem to have 120 scattered and augmented the small numbers already present in the south-western counties, an increase being recorded from Devon on the 11th and Dorset on the 12th, the Cornish birds having at the same time somewhat decreased. Others seem to have gone north-east and east, being recorded from Gloucester and Worcester on the 12th, and from Hereford, Essex and Surrey on the 13th ; on the 14th a number appear to bave reached Berkshire and a few were recorded from Notts and Sussex. The third immigration reached the coast of Devon on April the 13th, and appears to have passed rapidly northward, as some of the birds were noticed over Lundy Island on the same day and the numbers had fallen again on the 14th, when they were recorded from Glamorgan, Derby, Denbigh, and Shropshire. Other birds passed through Derby on the 15th, and the main body through Lancashire on the 16th, arriving in 8.W. Scotland on the same day. A second portion of this immigration arrived in Dorset and Hampshire on the 14th and 15th ; some of the birds appear to have spread northwards following the earlier arrivals and to have reached Shropshire and Radnor on the 16th and Cumberland on the 17th; but the main body apparently took an easterly and north-easterly route, reaching Sussex on the 15th, Hssex, Kent, and Oxford on the 16th, Berkshire and Cambridge on the 17th, and Lincoln, Notts, and Yorkshire on the 18th. The fourth immigration reached the coasts of Devon and Dorset on April the 17th and Dorset and Hampshire on the 18th. The western birds again passed rapidly northwards through Somerset on the 17th, Shropshire on the 18th, and reached Yorkshire on the 21st. Most of the later arrivals in Dorset seem to have followed the earlier ones, passing through Somerset and Stafford- shire on the 19th, Radnor on the 20th, Cheshire and Lancashire on, the 21st, 22nd, and 23rd, Westmoreland on the latter date, and reached Dumfriesshire on the 26th. The Hampshire birds seem to have spread more locally, stocking the neighbouring counties and spreading into Wiltshire, Berkshire, and Essex on the 18th, Berkshire and 120 Surrey on the 19th, Middlesex, Kent, Suffolk, and Norfolk on the 20th, and Nottingham on the 23rd. The fifth immigration reached the coasts of Hampshire and Dorset on the 20th and 21st of April, and Hampshire and Devon on the 22nd and 23rd. The earlier Hampshire arrivals of the 20th penetrated into Wiltshire on the same day, reached Surrey on the 21st and Oxford on the 22nd; while on the 25th and 26th some of the later arrivals reached Surrey and Berkshire. The Dorset birds arriving on the 21st reached Glamorgan on the same day, Merioneth on the 23rd, and Denbigh on the 24th. Some of the later birds arriving in Devon on the 23rd passed through Lundy Island on the same day, while others reached Somerset and Staffordshire on the 24th, Glamorgan on the 25th, Cheshire and Merioneth on the 26th, Denbigh and Westmoreland on the 28th; while a further detachment passed through Cheshire and Derby on the 28th and reached Lancashire on the 30th. The sivth immigration landed in Dorset on the 26th and in Sussex on the 27th. The eastern birds reached Berkshire, Bedfordshire, Cam- bridge, and Kent on the 28th, Surrey on the 29th and Oxford on the 30th. The western birds were recorded in Wilts on the 27th, in Somerset on the 28th, Staffordshire on the 30th, and Cheshire on May the Ist. Further immigrations landed on the coasts of Devon and Kent on April the 30th, in Hampshire on May the Ist, Kent on the 2nd and 3rd, Dorset on the 4th, Devon on the 5th, Cornwall on the 7th, Kent on the 8th, Dorset on the 10th, Devon on the 11th, Sussex and Devon on the 13th, Sussex on the 14th, and Devon and Dorset on the 17th. These can all be traced with more or less accuracy, the western birds moving through Wales, the Isle of Man, and the western counties, and the eastern ones through Surrey, Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk, and Yorkshire. April 122 (CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. 3. 4. 2. 6 7 ly . 8. 10. 1 14. 15. 16. LEG 18. 1. Devon and Wilts. Wilts, Somerset, Glamorgan and Berks. Somerset (increase), Dorset and Derby. Somerset (decrease), Hants and Denbigh. Kent, Lancashire and Yorkshire (few). Cornwall (many), Hants, Kent, Berks, Stafford- shire, Denbigh (increase) and Derby. Shropshire, Derby (decrease) and Suffolk. Leicester. Cornwall, Devon (slight increase), Denbigh (de- crease) and Norfolk. Dorset (slight increase), Gloucester, Worcester, Cambridge and Cheshire. Devon and Lundy Island (increase), Hereford, Surrey, Essex (few), the Isle of Man, York- shire (increase) and Dumfries (many). Devon, Lundy Island (decrease), Dorset, Hants, Sussex, Glamorgan (slight increase), Berks (increase), Shropshire (slight inercase), Denbigh, Derby, Notts and Durham. Dorset, Sussex, Berks (decrease), Cambridge and Derby (increase). Sussex (slight decrease), Kent, Essex, Oxford, Radnor, Shropshire (slight increase), Lan- cashire, Yorkshire (decrease) and Dumtries (many). Devon, Dorset (increase), Kent, Somerset (slight increase), Berks, Cambridge, Lancashire (de- crease) and Cumberland. Dorset lights, Wilts, Hants lights, Hants (inland), Berks, Essex, Cambridge Shropshire (de- crease), Notts (slight increase), Lincolnshire (few) and Yorkshire (increase). Dorset, Hants (decrease), Surrey (slight in- crease), Berks (further increase), Somerset (increase), Staffordshire and Notts. April 20. rel. sp CHD RNs 2 sa DE ” 29 5 PAD. eo, Wen? O = Coe Pano Oe May 1. BN De 123 Hants (increase), Wilts, Middlesex, Berks (de- crease) Suffolk, Norfolk, Radnor (slight in- crease) and Staffordshire, Devon, Dorset, Hants (decrease), Kent (in- crease), Surrey, Glamorgan (slight increase), Cheshire, Lancashire and Yorkshire (further increase). Hants, Kent (decrease), Surrey (increase), Ox- ford, Wilts (decrease), Glamorgan, Lancashire and Cumberland. Cornwall (apparently resident in numbers), Devon, Lundy Island, Hants, Essex (decrease), Merioneth (increase), Cheshire, Notts and Westmoreland. Somerset, Oxford (decrease), Notts (slight in- crease), Staffordshire, Merioneth (slight de- erease) and Denbigh. Surrey (increase), Glamorgan (slight increase) and Cheshire (decrease). Dorset, Kent, Surrey (decrease), Berks (slight increase), Wilts, Glamorgan, Merioneth (in- crease), Cheshire, Notts and Dumfries (many). Sussex (increase), Wilts, Lundy Island, Merioneth (decrease) and Cheshire. Kent (slight increase), Sussex, Wilts (decrease), Somerset, Berks, Bedford, Cambridge, Derby, Cheshire, Denbigh and Westmoreland (in- crease). Devon, Dorset, Hants (decrease), Somerset, Surrey (slight increase) and Cheshire. Devon, Kent, Oxford (slight increase), Stafford- shire and Lancashire (increase). Kent, Hants, Somerset (increase), Oxford (de- crease) and Cheshire (slight increase). Devon, Kent (slight increase), Berks, Wilts, Somerset, Staffordshire and Lancashire (de- crease). 99 99 ” ” 10. A) 124 Kent (increase), Oxford and Radnor (slight in- crease). ‘Dorset, Somerset, Wilts, Suffolk, Norfolk, Derby, Merioneth (slight increase) and Yorkshire (increase). Devon, Dorset (decrease), Wilts, Berks, Surrey (slight increase), Cambridge (increase), Shrop- shire, Notts and Cheshire. Kent (decrease), Middlesex (increase), Wilts, Oxford, Radnor, Staffordshire, Derby and Northumberland. Cornwall, Devon, Wilts, Oxford, Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk (increase), Shropshire, Staffordshire, Cheshire, Yorkshire (decrease) and Northum- berland. Cornwall, Kent, Surrey, Somerset (further in- crease), Herts (increase), Suffolk and Derby (decrease). Somerset, Oxford, Herts (decrease), Cheshire, Yorkshire (increase) and Westmoreland (few). Dorset, Somerset, Wilts, Surrey (decrease), Norfolk (further increase), Derby and Lanca- shire (increase). Devon (increase), Somerset, Wilts (increase), Radnor and Cambridge (further increase), Cheshire and Lancashire (decrease). Devon, Somerset, Wilts, Yorkshire (decrease) and the Isle of Man (increase). Devon, Sussex, Surrey (increase) and Lanca- shire (slight increase). Devon, Sussex (further increase), Wilts, Berks (large increase), Lancashire (increase) and the Isle of Man (decrease). Somerset, Surrey and Lancashire (decrease). Merioneth (increase), Yorkshire (increase and nesting). | bo bk bo = bo fer) ° 125 Devon and Dorset (increase), Shropshire (eggs), Derby and Yorkshire (decrease). Devon, Dorset, Somerset (slight increase) Merio- neth (decrease), Denbigh (increase), Lanca- shire and Isle of Man. Berks (eggs), Herts (increase) and Merioneth. Somerset, Radnor (decrease), Merioneth (further increase), Isle of Man, Lancashire and York- shire (increase), Merioneth (decrease). Yorkshire (decrease). Lancashire (increase). SWALLOW. Map 1. 2” Immigration tus: (2) ft Immigration thnis:- 37 7 SWALLOW. Map 2. 2 i 1 0 1 | a = £ E NGLAND axz WALES | 4 Immigration thus: i 5" Immigration tins:- t All dates are mn April. 128 THE HOUSE-MARTIN. Chelidon urbica (l.). THE jist immigration of this species arrived in Cornwall on the 13th of April. During the previous week a few isolated stragglers had been observed in the southern counties, but nowhere in any numbers. The bulk of the birds passed straight onwards, and were recorded as far north as Dumfries on the 16th; but a small portion took a more easterly . route, and spreading through the eastern counties probably passed on to the continent. The second immigration was not a very large one. It was first noted in Devon and Hampshire on the 18th ; a second arrival took place in Devon on the following day, and a third in Dorset on the 23rd, most of the birds passing northwards through the western counties. A third small immigration landed on the same stretch of coast on the 25th and 26th. These birds took a more easterly course than their predecessors, and spreading through Sussex, Kent, and the eastern counties, apparently passed out of the country. On the 26th the fourth and main immigration of this species commenced. Numbers were recorded from Glamorgan on the 30th, and as they were not observed in Devon or Somerset on either that or the preceding day, it seems evident that they first landed on the south coast of Wales. This immigration was followed by an increase in Wales and Wiltshire. On the 4th, 5th, and 6th of May House-Martins 129 arrived in great numbers along the south coast from Devon to Hampshire. Thence they spread north and east through- out the entire Midlands, while a few stragglers reached York, Durham, and Westmoreland. On the 7th some were observed to be building in Essex and others to have settled in Durham. Between the 6th and 9th immigrants were hard to trace, but there could be no doubt that during those days many arrived on the south-west coast and apparently passed northwards. On the 11th and 14th a fi/th immigration arrived in Devon and Hampshire, and, travelling in a north-easterly direction, was recorded from the eastern counties, whence the birds presumably crossed to the continent. On the 21st there was a sivth small immigration along the whole of the south coast, the birds moving northwards through the country. A seventh small immigration was recorded as_ having arrived in Kent on the 25th, but this was probably the right wing of a small scattered immigration extending along the whole of the south coast. It evidently passed north in an easterly direction, for a decrease was noted in the south-west and an increase throughout the rest of the country. On the 27th and 28th an ezghth body of birds arrived in the south-west and passed northwards, apparently without stopping. To sum up, eight distinct immigrations of this species could be traced and appear to have arrived chiefly on the coast between Devon and Hampshire. The main body of our breeding-birds arrived in great numbers during the first week in May. Previous to that date one or two immigrations had passed through the country; the first, on the 13th of April, went straight up the west of England into Scotland, while part of the third apparently passed through the eastern counties to the continent, 130 During the whole of May birds were streaming through the country in a north or north-easterly direction, and it seems probable that after the 11th of May only a very small percentage of the immigrants remained in this country. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. April 6. eras ae btale ee lee sae dos ay Eos fale: fat pak. aly: ein ae Sy eric , 20. Pk. 22. yee Hso5: 2G; 27. Hants. Surrey and Shropshire. Dungeness, Kent and Durham. Hants, Somerset, Gloucester and Herts. Cornwall. Devon, Hants, Wilts and Shropshire. Devon, Berks (few) and Cambridge. Somerset (few), Kent, Norfolk, Cambridge, Radnor, Shropshire (decrease) and Dumfries (many). Essex and Yorkshire. Devon (several), Somerset (decrease), Wilts and Hants (few). Devon (many), Somerset (increase) and Hssex (few). Radnor, Norfolk and Lancashire. Dorset (many), Wilts (decrease), Cheshire and Yorkshire (increase). Hants (decrease), Surrey (many), Glamorgan ~ and Yorkshire (decrease). Somerset (decrease), Glamorgan (few), Oxford, Essex, Shropshire (increase) and Stafford- shire. Devon (many), Wilts (slight increase), Surrey (slight increase), Herts (slight increase) and Radnor (decrease). Dorset (many) and Wilts (slight decrease). Hants (slight decrease) and Radnor (slight in- crease). April 28. rae. oO) Miiy7 72: oe) 3. pn as i OF eG. ee oS: nO pet, io olla de igen Kent, Berks, Suffolk, Cambridge (few) and York- shire (slight increase). Surrey (increase) and Kent (decrease). Sussex, Glamorgan (numbers) and Norfolk (several). Kent, Berks and Wilts (slight increase). Hants lights, Kent (decrease), Wilts (many) and Radnor (increase). Devon (few), Dorset (many), Hants lights, Hants (increase), Wilts (decrease), Suffolk (numbers), Shropshire (increase), Derby and Westmoreland. Devon (numbers), Dorset (many), Kent (few), Somerset (increase), Wilts (increase), Berks (slight increase), Surrey, Oxford, Cambridge (increase), Derby (few) and Notts. Devon (numbers), Hants (large increase), Wilts (decrease), Essex (many), Staffordshire, Derby (increase), Lancashire (few), Yorkshire (slight increase) and Northumberland. Somerset, Wilts, Essex (building), Norfolk, Rad- nor (increase), Notts and Durham (settied). Wilts(further increase), Berkshire (increase, build- ing), Cardigan (few), Shropshire, Leicester, Lincolnshire, Denbigh, Cheshire and York- shire. Hants, Kent, Oxford (increase), Berks (decrease), Cardigan (many), Merioneth (several) and Cheshire. Kent, Somerset (increase), Wilts (further in- crease), Bucks, Cambridge (slight increase) and Lancashire (decrease). Devon (many), Somerset (decrease), Oxford, Norfolk, Shropshire and Notts (increase). Kent, Somerset, Wilts (decrease), Herts, Cam- bridge (large increase) and Suffolk (increase), May 14. ey sets ple LG: AL PLS SLO oO: iene Dee Piney PR ae eb. eee eA ee 29. 132 Kent (decrease), Hants (slight increase), Somer- set, Wilts, Surrey, Essex, Radnor (increase), Denbigh (few), Staffordshire (slight in- crease), Derby (nesting) and Lincolnshire (several). Oxford (increase) and Suffolk. Kent (increase). Kent (decrease), Wilts (slight increase), Suffolk, Merioneth, Denbigh, Derby and Isle of Man (“ passing’). Bucks (increase), Merioneth (decrease) and Isle of Man (“ passing’”’). Somerset, Oxford and Yorkshire (increase). Bucks (decrease), Derby (increase) and Isle of Man (‘passing ”’). Devon, Dorset (few), Hants, Somerset (increase), Wilts, Berks, Herts (many), Denbigh (‘ num- bers”’) and Durham (nesting). Hants, Glamorgan (increase), Bucks (slight in- crease), Essex, Cambridge and Denbigh (decrease). Glamorgan, Lincolnshire (increase) and York- shire (decrease). Wilts, Herts, Cambridge (decrease), Norfolk (slight increase), Cheshire and Yorkshire (increase). Kent (increase). Hants, Wilts, Somerset (decrease), Glamorgan, Bucks, Suffolk and Lancashire (increase). Devon, Dorset, Hants, Wilts, Cambridge (in- crease) and Lancashire (decrease). Devon (many), Somerset, Denbigh, Lancashire, Yorkshire (increase) and Northumberland (slight increase). Sussex (slight increase), Denbigh (decrease) and Isle of Man (increase). May 30. bP) June >) 39 oak Ite l- 133 Wilts, Bucks (increase), Herts and Denbigh. Hants (increase) and Denbigh (decrease). Glamorgan (increase). Sussex (increase). Sussex (decrease) and Derby (nesting). L ——— al : ENGLAN D ann WALES English Miles lo 2» , (° [migration tus: ) 6 2"? |mmugration thus: ® 3” Immigration thus: All dates are in April Dates without initial are it May. | : he iit tae oe | | ( | ae ‘ ae Ae wb A ML.5 M3.4.6.9.14. é i Ml | | A 00 | j 1 NY THE SAND-MARTIN. Cotile riparia (L.). THe Sand-Martin began to arrive in the south-west of England about the end of the third week in March. A small number of birds arrived in Devon and Cornwall on the 19th, 20th, and 21st, and were followed by a larger number on the 25th. A few of these birds seem to have passed east into Hampshire, but the majority remained where they had arrived, though, after a few days, a small number travelled north through Somerset into South Wales, Shrop- shire, Cheshire, and Yorkshire. The second immigration occurred along the same coast-line on April the 4th and 5th, and was recorded also from Dorset on the latter date. Going rapidly north the birds passed through Somerset on the above-mentioned dates, reached South and Mid-Wales on the 8th, Shropshire, Yorkshire, and Durham on the 9th, and Dumfries on the 13th. Others, taking a more easterly route, arrived in Berkshire on the 8th and in Norfolk on the 9th, stragglers appearing in Surrey and Kent on the 8th. A third immigration arrived in Cornwall, Devon, and Dorset on April the 8th, and appears to have reached Shrop- shire on the 11th, while birds arriving further to the east reached Berkshire on the same day, but their subsequent course could not be followed. The fourth immigration commenced with the advent of small numbers of birds on April the 11th and 12th, and was followed by a succession of arrivals from the 13th to the 22nd. The first birds arrived in Cornwall and Devon on the 11th, 137 and in Dorset on the 12th; from the 13th to the 15th large numbers arrived in Hampshire, on the 16th in Devon, Dorset, and Hants, on the 17th in Dorset and Hants, on the 18th and 19th in Hants, on the 20th in Devon and Hants, and on the 21st and 22nd in Dorset. The first arrivals in the west passed north through Lundy Island on the 13th and 14th, and reached Stafford on the 13th, Derby, Cheshire, and North Wales on the 14th, Lancashire and Yorkshire on the 15th, and Dumfries on the 16th. _ Some of the earlier Hampshire arrivals passed on into Surrey on the day of their arrival, and reached Norfolk on the following day. Others reached Cambridge on the 15th and 16th and Notts on the 19th, while a third lot of birds moving further east, reached Kent on the 16th and Hssex on the 18th. On the west, the flocks passed in regular sequence through Lundy Island, Somerset, and Wilts to South Wales, Stafford, Shropshire, Mid- and North Wales, and thence northwards, either through Lancashire and Yorkshire, or further to the west through the Isle of Man, the final portion reaching Northumberland and Durham on May the 3rd and 4th. The later arrivals in Hampshire seem to have passed mainly through Surrey and Berkshire, and thence on into Oxford, Nottingham, and Lincoln. In spite of the large number of birds passing through the country, it would appear that up to that time only a small number had reached the eastern and south-eastern counties ; the few that had arrived had, however, apparently started nesting-operations by April the 27th. The jifth immigration, a comparatively small one, reached Hampshire on April the 27th, and made its way to the eastern and south-eastern counties, for it reached Berk- shire on the 28th, Sussex and Surrey on the 29th, Kent, Norfolk, and Nottingham on the 30th, and Suffolk on May the 2nd. The sivth immigration, also a small one, reached Devon, and possibly Hants, on April the 30th; the western birds seem 138 to have passed through Mid-Wales on May the 3rd, and to have reached North Wales and Yorkshire on the 4th, while the eastern ones reached Oxford on the 3rd, Berks and Suffolk on the 4th, and Norfolk on the 5th. On May the 4th a second series of immigratory waves commenced, lasting in an intermittent way until the 17th, and extended, for the first time, to the east of Hampshire. On May the 4th and 5th Sand-Martins arrived in Dorset and Hants, on the 6th in Devon and Hants, on the 8th in Hants and Kent, on the 9th and 10th in Hants, on the 11th in Devon, on the 12th in Kent, on the 15th in Hants and Sussex, and on the 17th in Devon. The western birds, as before, passed through Somerset and Wilts into Stafford, Derby, and Mid-Wales, and thence northward either into Lancashire, or through the Isle of Man to more northern breeding-haunts. Many of the eastern birds doubtless stayed in the south, but there was abundant evidence that they also passed northward through Berkshire, Surrey, Essex, Middlesex, and Hertfordshire into Suffolk, Cambridge, Norfolk, and Lincoln. It was doubtful whether any of these birds left the east coast for more northern summer quarters. The eighth and final immigration arrived in Hampshire in the early morning of May the 26th, and was noticed at the lighthouses. The birds passed on through Wiltshire and Berkshire into South Wales, Buckingham, and Hertford- shire, and some could be traced into North Wales, whence they doubtless continued in a northerly direction. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. March 19. Devon. » 20. Devon (several) and Glamorgan. » 21. Cornwall (few). » 24. Devon (decrease) and Hants. » 20. Cornwall (many). = = fe) S re) 16. Ike 18. 1) bo POSH Hants. Somerset. Shropshire. Somerset (‘‘ hundreds”), Cheshire and York- shire (few). Dorset (numbers), Hants, Somerset (many), Shropshire and Cheshire. Wiltshire, Derby and Merioneth. Cornwall (many), Devon, Dorset (numbers), Kent, Surrey, Berks, Glamorgan, Cardigan (few), Cheshire and Yorkshire. Somerset (decrease), Monmouth, Suffolk, Nor- folk, Shropshire, Yorkshire (increase) and Durham. Derby (slight increase) and Yorkshire (decrease). Cornwall, Devon, Berks and Shropshire (in- crease ). Dorset, Berks (decrease) and Lancashire. . Hampshire (many). Surrey (slight increase), Lundy Tele Stafford- shire and Dumfries. Somerset (slight increase), Lundy Island (few), Norfolk, Notts, Derby (increase), Cheshire (slight increase) and Denbigh. Lundy Island, Glamorgan, Cambridge, York- shire (slight increase) and Lancashire (in- crease). Devon, Dorset, Kent, Somerset (increase), Gla- morgan, Cambridge (slight increase), Stafford- shire, Isle of Man and Dumfries (many). Dorset (increase), Shropshire, Staffordshire (de- crease) and Cheshire (slight increase). Wilts, Essex (few), Isle of Man and Lancashire (decrease). Berks, Stafford, and Notts (increase). 140 SAND-MARTIN. Map 1. ENGLAND axnp WALES English Miles | wo D0 CCS 10 20 50) ae (Immigration thos: ge: . 3™ Immigration thus:- ge | | Dates without initial al are in April. 54 2°" Inunigration thus: ® | | Mchi9.20.25. Ap8 141 SAND-MARTIN. Map 2. oO 1 Sa fe ENGLAND axpv WALES English: Miles 10 2 go 40 A" Immigration tus: wy 5% immigration tus: | M =May <___ Dates without initial are in Apri. 9) 9) > 30. Bor Or 142 Devon and Wilts (increase), Radnor, Stafford- shire (decrease) and Notts. Dorset (increase), Hants and Wilts (decrease) and Cheshire (increase). Dorset (increase), Surrey, Cheshire (decrease), Lancashire (increase) and Yorkshire (slight increase). Surrey, Oxford, Somerset (decrease), Glamorgan, Radnor (slight increase), Merioneth, Cheshire and Notts (increase). Cornwall, Surrey, Radnor, Shropshire (increase), Notts and Lincolnshire (decrease). Wiltshire (slight increase) and Cheshire (slight decrease). Merioneth (decrease), Berks (nesting) and Cheshire (increase). Hants (increase), Kent (started nesting), Den- bigh (increase) and Cheshire (decrease). Wilts, Berks, Derby (increase), Denbigh (de- crease) and Cheshire. Hants, Sussex, Surrey (slight increase), Berks (decrease), Oxford, Denbigh (several nests) and Cheshire. Devon, Kent, Norfolk (slight increase), Notts, Derby and Lancashire (increase). Cheshire (slight increase). Suffolk (slight increase). Oxford (slight increase), Radnor (increase) Durham and Northumberland. Dorset, Hants, Berks, Suffolk (increase), Radnor (decrease), Derby (slight decrease) and Durham (slight increase). Dorset, Somerset, Wilts, Oxford (decrease), Norfolk, Merioneth (increase) and Yorkshire (large increase). | Devon, Hants, Surrey (increase), Middlesex, Staffordshire (slight increase), Derby and Merioneth (decrease). May 143 Devon, Wilts, Surrey (decrease), Norfolk (in- crease), Cambridge, Radnor (slight increase) and Northumberland. Kent, Wilts (slight increase), Berks (decrease), Notts (settled), Merioneth (slight increase), Cheshire and Durham (increase). Wilts and Oxford (increase) and Merioneth (decrease). Kent (decrease), Cambridge (further increase), Derby (increase), Lancashire (slight increase), Yorkshire (decrease) and Durham (settled). Devon (increase) and Hants (decrease). Devon (decrease), Kent (slight increase), Wilts and Oxford (decrease), Herts (increase) and the Isle of Man. Berks and Surrey (increase) and Herts (decrease). Essex (increase), Surrey and Berks (decrease), Radnor (increase). Hants, Sussex, Oxford and Suffolk (increase). Suffolk (deer ae and Yorkshire (slightincrease). Devon (increase), Somerset, Sussex, Derby (increase), Yorkshire (decrease) and Isle of Man. Devon (decrease) and Bucks (increase). Surrey, Herts, Berks, Bucks (decrease), Denbigh (increase) and Yorkshire (slight increase). Berks, Derby, and Yorkshire (decrease) and the Isle of Man. Surrey and Cambridge (decrease), Lancashire and Yorkshire (increase). Cambridge, Glamorgan and Merioneth (in- crease), Herts, Denbigh and Lancashire (de- crease). Somerset (slight increase), Glamorgan, Merio- neth (decrease), Cambridge, Lincolnshire (increase) and Yorkshire. Glamorgan, Merioneth and Derby (increase), Lincolnshire (decrease) and the Isle of Man (many). L2 lit Suffolk (slight increase), Glamorgan and Merioneth (decrease). Hants lights, Wilts (slight increase), Cambridge (increase), Derby (decrease) and Lancashire (increase). Berks, Glamorgan, and Yorkshire (increase), Wilts and Lancashire (decrease), Durham (nesting) and the Isle of Man (many). Bucks, Giamorgan (decrease), Denbigh (slight increase) and Lancashire (increase). Glamorgan (increase) and Deubigh (decrease). Herts (increase). Berks and Derby (increase). Denbigh (increase). Surrey (increase) and Glamorgan (decrease). THE SWIFT. Cypselus apus (L.). Like the Swallow and the House-Martin, the Swift is one _ of those species, which arrives in considerable flocks; from the nature of its habits, it can be easily observed and its numbers ascertained with fair accuracy. It is therefore a species which is fully recorded by our observers and its move- ments can consequently be traced with some exactness. The first stragglers, which evidently arrived in the south- west of this country about April the 21st, were noticed here and there during the last few days of that month. The arrival of the main body of Swifts began on April the 30th, when a large immigration reached Devon and small numbers were recorded in Dorset and Hants. ‘This was followed by an almost continuous stream lasting until the 10th of May: thus the birds arrived at the Eddystone light in the early hours of May the 2nd, were noted in Devon, Dorset, and Hants on the 4th, in Devon on the 5th, and in Cornwall and Devon on the 6th, when they were again seen at the Eddystone light. On the 7th they passed over St. Catherine’s light in the Isle of Wight at the time when a large immigration of other species was in progress. On May the 8th small numbers came into Cornwall; others arrived in Dorset on the 9th, and in Devon and Hants on the 10th. Directly after their arrival the first birds passed on to the north and north-east, some of them reaching Somerset on the same day (April the 30th), and the remainder on May the Ist, by which date stragglers had penetrated into South Wales, Staffordshire and Oxford, as well as eastwards into Kent. On May the 2nd large numbers arrived in Berkshire, and a few reached Shropshire, Cheshire, and N. Wales, while on _ the following day a further contingent appeared in Cheshire, 146 Radnor, and Derby. On the 4th numbers of Swifts reached North and Mid-Wales, and the first arrivals penetrated into Lancashire and Yorkshire. On that day the second contingent, which had arrived on May the 2nd, began to move northwards and was recorded from Staffordshire, Wiltshire, and South Wales. In the same way each successive contingent could be accurately traced on its way north through Wales and the west of England into Lancashire, Yorkshire, and the Isle of Man. The birds, which arrived in Hampshire on May the 4th, appear to have spread much more gradually in an easterly and north-easterly direction. They seem to have passed into Berkshire and thence into Oxford, Buckingham, Cambridge, Hertford, Surrey,and Essex, while smaller numbers penetrated into Sussex, Kent, Middlesex, Norfolk, Lincoln, and Notts. It is thus clear that the birds in the eastern and south- eastern counties arrived from the west, and that while Swifts were already fairly numerous in the west and north, the number in the east was small until the arrival of the following immigration. A few birds reached Northumberland on May the 9th and a larger number were recorded from Westmoreland on the 11th. On May the 14th the second immigration commenced with the arrival of large numbers on the coasts of Sussex and Kent, and some of these passed due north into Essex on the same day. A further arrival took place in Sussex on the 15th, in Hampshire on the 16th, and in Devon on the 17th. Apparently these birds passed north and north-west into Buckingham on the 15th and into Oxfordshire on the 17th. The Devon birds passed north into Somerset and Wales on the 18th, while the others reached Derby on the same day. -On the 19th the later arrivals in Sussex and Hampshire passed into Surrey and Hertford, while the western birds reached North Wales and Lancashire on the same day and Yorkshire on the 21st. 147 On May the 21st the third immigration began with the simultaneous arrival of birds in Devon and Hssex followed by others in Kent on the 23rd, in Devon and Hampshire on the 24th and 26th and in Devon on the 27th and 28th. Like the last, this immigration could be traced step by step, the more westerly birds leaving North Wales and going north through the Isle of Man. On the east the only point of difference between this and the former immigration seems to have been that a large number of birds passed directly north, reaching Suffolk, Norfolk, and Lincolnshire, and it may be that these birds were emigrants from our east coast making for more northern breeding-quarters. The fourth and last immigration, like the first, was con- fined to the western half of the southern seaboard and was noticed first of all at the Eddystone light on the morning of May the 31st. On June the Ist it was noted in Devon and on the 2nd in Dorset and Hampshire. The first arrivals passed straight over Devon and the Bristol Channel into South Wales and reached North Wales on June the Ist, whence they followed their predecessors northwards. The later ones seem to have passed north through Wiltshire and Surrey, but their further progress could not be traced. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcoRDS. April 21. Devon. » 2%. Wiltshire, Cambridge and Shropshire. B28 Devon. » 30. Devon (many), Dorset, Hants, Somerset and i Suffolk. : May 1. Kent, Oxford, Somerset (many), Staffordshire, Cardigan and Yorkshire. Devon lights, Devon, Berks (many), Shrop- shire, Merioneth, Cheshire and Durham. 3. Hants (few), Surrey, Berks(decrease), Glamorgan, Radnor (few), Derby and Cheshire (several). to May 3) or 10, 1 12. 148 Devon, Dorset (few), Hants, Somerset, Wiltshire, Norfolk, Radnor (few), Cardigan (several), Merioneth (increase), Staffordshire (many), Lancashire and Yorkshire (few). Devon, Dorset, Hants, Sussex, Wilts, Glamorgan (slight increase), Berks (increase), Bucks (few), Kssex, Cambridge, Nottingham, Merioneth (decrease), Denbigh and Yorkshire (large increase). Cornwall, Devon lights, Devon, Isle of Wight, Kent, Surrey, Middlesex, Essex, Oxford, Berks (increase), Somerset, Glamorgan, Worcester, Radnor, Shropshire, Denbigh (slight increase) and Derby. Devon, Hants lights, Hants, Essex (slight further increase), Cambridge, Leicester, Cardigan, Merioneth (slight increase), Denbigh (in- crease), Staffordshire, Derby, Lincoln, Lan- cashire, Yorkshire (decrease) and Isle of Man. Cornwall, Somerset, Wilts, Berks (further in- crease), Surrey, Herts, Suffolk, Radnor, Shropshire, Denbigh (decrease), Derby and Durham (increase). Dorset, Somerset, Glamorgan, Oxford, Norfolk (slight increase), Cheshire and Yorkshire (increase) and Northumberland. Devon, Hants, Sussex, Kent (decrease), Somerset, Wilts, Surrey, Bucks, Essex, Staffordshire, Derby and Lancashire (increase). Wilts (increase), Surrey (slight increase), Oxford (decrease), Cambridge (further increase) and Westmoreland (few). Devon, Kent (slight increase), Somerset (in- crease), Wilts, Bucks, Herts and Yorkshire (decrease). May 14. 15. 16. alte 18. 19. 149 Dorset, Surrey (increase), Oxford, Herts and Derby (decrease), Nottingham and Denbigh (slight increase). Sussex (slight increase), Kent coast (many), Wilts, Surrey (decrease), Hssex (further in- crease), Stafford and Yorkshire (increase). Sussex, Somerset (decrease), Bucks and Denbigh (increase). | Hants lights, Oxford, Denbigh and Yorkshire (decrease). Devon and Oxford (increase). Devon, Kent (decrease), Somerset, Glamorgan, Merioneth, Denbigh (slight increase) and Derby (increase). Somerset, Glamorgan, Berks (nesting), Surrey, Herts, Merioneth, Denbigh, Derby (decrease) and Lancashire (increase). Wiltshire (decrease) and Glamorgan (increase). Devon, Wiltshire, Oxford, Herts, Essex (further increase), Glamorgan (decrease), Merioneth and Yorkshire (increase). Glamorgan and Norfolk (increase), Denbigh and Yorkshire (decrease). Devon (decrease), Kent (large increase), Somerset (increase) and Glamorgan (decrease). Devon, Hants, Wilts (decrease), Surrey, Gla- morgan, Derby (slight increase), Lincoln and Yorkshire (increase). Devon, Hants (decrease) and Glamorgan. Devon, Hants, Somerset, Wilts, Surrey, Derby (decrease), Lancashire (increase) and York- shire (further increase). Devon lights, Hants, Wilts, Glamorgan (increase) and Lancashire (decrease). Devon lights, Somerset, Surrey, Oxford, Suffolk, Glamorgan and Merioneth (decrease), Denbigh and the Isle of Man (increase), oe bo 150 Devon, Surrey, Glamorgan (increase), Denbigh and Lancashire (decrease). Surrey (slight increase), Herts and Wiltshire (in- crease), Glamorgan (decrease) and Denbigh. Devon lights, Dorset, Glamorgan, Denbigh (increase), Derby and Lancashire (decrease). Devon, Surrey (decrease), Wilts, Glamorgan and Merioneth (increase). Dorset, Hants (increase) and Denbigh (decrease). Devon, Surrey (slight increase), Wilts (increase), Merioneth and Derby (decrease). 3) SWIFT. | English Mile. to ographical Miles za Jo 10 Ge 57) ENGLAND axnp WALES ? are in May, Dates without initial 1 Immigration tus:— e™* Immigration thas:- THE NIGHTJAR. Caprimulgus europeus L. Owing to its nocturnal habits and somewhat local distri- bution, the Nightjar is by no means an easy species to observe, and definite facts regarding its migrations are hard to obtain. It seems fairly certain, however, that it first arrived in the south-west about the first or second week in May and spread northwards through Wales and the west of Hngland. Its numbers were augmented by a second arrival about May the 17th. The breeding-birds of the eastern and south-eastern counties seem to have arrived in Hampshire on May the 15th and to have spread north and north-east from that county, reaching Norfolk by the 19th. On May the 26th the birds in the eastern counties were beginning to breed, and though there may have been a further arrival in the west after that date, the numbers recorded were so small that it was impossible to be certain, CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcorRDs. April 23. Hants (no further record till May 15). May 9. West Yorkshire (no further record till May 26). 10. Essex and Radnor. 12. Shropshire. , 13. Somerset, Glamorgan and Radnor. 14. Glamorgan and Lancashire. 15. Hants, Surrey and Derby (usual numbers). ,, 16. Surrey and Radnor. 24. L538 Dorset, Sussex, Wilts, Essex, Shropshire and Cheshire. Shropshire and Lancashire. Norfolk and Radnor. Merioneth. Somerset (usual numbers) and Suffolk. Shropshire. Dorset, Suffolk and Yorkshire. Merioneth and Norfolk. Hssex (breeding), Suffolk (breeding), Merioneth, Lancashire and Yorkshire. Radnor. Sussex, Surrey, Wilts, Radnor and Lincoln. Dorset, Herts, Lincoln, Merioneth and Denbigh. Merioneth and Norfolk. Surrey, Radnor and Norfolk. Surrey and Denbigh. Sussex, Surrey, Herts, Radnor, Cardigan (just arrived), Merioneth (few) and Lancashire. WRYNECK. THE WRYNECK. Lynx torquilla L. Dorine the last fortnight in March a few Wrynecks maie their appearance in Bee the first having been reported on the 16th, while single birds were recorded from time - to time until the end oe the month. During the first four days of April a few of these reached Berkshire, Norfolk, and the south of Yorkshire. On April the 1st there was a smali immigration on the Hampshire coast, and during the first week in April stragglers arrived along the whole of the south-east coast from Hssex to Hants, while a larger number appeared in Essex on the 8th. On April the 4th a single bird was reported from as far west as Shropshire. On the following day the species was recorded from Somerset, and again on the 6th in increasing numbers. » After April the 9th the Wryneck was reported to be generally distributed throughout Essex, and during that month no further change in its numbers was noted in that county. Another influx of birds came into Hants on the 10th, and into Sussex on the 11th and 12th. As a result of this, more birds were reported from Berkshire on the 11th, and from Dorset and Worcester on the 12th, while in Somerset the numbers gradually rose until the 15th; there was an increase in Berkshire and Surrey on the 16th and 1 in Herts on the 17th. On April the 25th a further small immigration took ae on the Hampshire coast, but did not apprenie affect the number of birds already in the county. On May the 4th a final immigration into Essex was reported, and this was followed by an increase on the 5th and 6th in Hertfordshire, Norfolk, and Somerset, and on the 13th in Yorkshire. By May the 7th the Wryneck was reported to be present in 156 its usual breeding-numbers in Kent, Sussex, Hampshire, Surrey, Berkshire, Buckingham, Hertfordshire, Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk, Cambridge, and Somerset, and on May the 19th a bird was found nesting in Suffolk. 99 April CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcoRDS. March 16-29. Essex. Dis re Norfolk. Hants lights. 8. Yorkshire. Sussex, Essex, Berks and Shropshire. Somerset. Somerset (few). Hants and Surrey. Kent and Essex (several). Kent (few) and Berks. Cambridge. Dorset and Worcester. Mp 9 to May 3. Essex (generally distributed). April 10. 99 whe) 99 ” 9-15. Conkses 16. 17. 25. Hants (increase), Kent, Norfolk and Shropshire. Somerset (gradual increase). Sussex (gradual increase). Surrey (increase), Berks (plentiful, increase) and Lincolnshire. Herts. Hants lights. April 30 to May 6. Suffolk (plentiful). May 99 39 39 3. 7-13. 13. 19. Cambridge (few settled). Hssex (increase). Somerset (increase), Herts (few) and Norfolk. Kent (settled), Berks (settled), Bucks (resident), Herts and Essex (generally distributed), Norfolk (fairly represented). Somerset (numerous). Sussex (one or two) and Suffolk. Surrey (increase) and Yorkshire. Suffolk (@ nesting). THE CUCKOO. Cuculus canorus Ih. TuE first immigration cf this species extended along prac- tically the whole of the south coast from Cornwall to Kent (April 6th-9th). The number of birds was everywhere small, but they were perhaps rather more numerous in the western counties than in the eastern. Previous to April the 15th this bird was practically con- fined to the counties south of a line drawn from the Thames to the mouth of the Severn. After that date, though there was no manifest increase in the number of birds, they gradually spread in a northerly direction and by the 24th the species was fairly distributed as far as Yorkshire, while a single bird was recorded from Dumfries on the 21st. A second small immigration seems to have landed on the south coast between April the 21st and 26th, and to have passed north in the track of the former. The third immigration, which evidently included the main body of our summer-residents, began to arrive in the west _on May the Ist, and during the two or three subsequent days there was evidently a steady stream of Cuckoos pouring in along the whole of the south coast. These birds apparently passed rapidly northwards, and during the 4th, Sth, 6th, and 7th the numbers throughout the country; show a gradual increase from south to north, reaching Yorkshire on the 6th. A young bird was reported from Lancashire on May the 11th, a very early date, and an egg from Hampshire on the 17th. : There seem to have been three other arrivals of this species, on May the 17th in Sussex, and on the 11th and 19th in M CUCKOO. ENGLAND anp WALES t Immigration tius:- 6) (mmigrationthus:-- 13 3 Immigration tus:- M3 \ en M=May Dates without initial ave in April 159 Dorset; these were probably birds of passage on their way to more northern breeding-grounds, but the number of Cuckoos already present in the country was so large that the course of these migrants could not be traced further. April CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. Devon and Sussex. Dorset and Glamorgan. Cornwall and Devon. Hants and Kent. Surrey. Somerset. Dorset, Berks and Suffolk. Devon and Sussex. Herts. Shropshire. Devon, Wilts, Berks, Essex and Worcester. Denbigh. Hssex. Staffordshire. Somerset, Kent and Dumfries. Cornwall, Glamorgan, Hssex and Staffordshire (generally distributed). Devon (resident), Radnor and Yorkshire (several). Dungeness, Kent, Surrey and Cambridge. Cornwall, Hants and Norfolk. Cheshire. Sussex, Wilts, Oxford, Lincolnshire, Yorkshire (slight increase) and Durham. Cornwall, Sussex, Somerset (many), Radnor and Cardigan. Cambridge. Berks, Suffolk, Staffordshire, Westmoreland and the Isie of Man. Dorset (several), Hants (many), Wiltshire, Herts, Norfolk (increase) and Merioneth. mM 2 May 28. 160 Hants (many), Berks (numerous), Bucks, Herts (few), Lancashire (several), Yorkshire (in- crease), Durham and Northumberland. Isle of Wight, Hants (many), Middlesex, Bucks, Herts (few), Essex (increase), Suffolk, Radnor, Shropshire (several), Staffordshire, Derby and Yorkshire (great increase). Devon, Kent, Wilts, Glamorgan, Radnor and Cambridge (few) and Suffolk. Somerset, Norfolk (increase), Leicester, Stafford- shire (plentiful) and Merioneth (increase). Somerset (decrease), Glamorgan (mating) and Merioneth. Devon, Kent and Wilts (decrease) and Durham. Dorset (increase), Sussex, Shropshire (increase), Derby (few), Lancashire (a young bird) and Westmoreland. Cheshire. Lincolnshire. Sussex (few). Hants (an egg in a nest of Lanius collurio), Sussex (many) and Essex (few). Dorset (many) and Wilts (few). Lincolnshire. Yorkshire. Derby (an egg in a nest of Anthus trivialis). 161 THE TURTLE-DOVE. Turtur communis Selby. THE first immigration of the Turtle-Dove began on April the 28th, when it was noted at the Hants lights. The birds seem to have spread over Hants and the counties to the east as far as Hssex and Suffolk during the first twelve days of May, the numbers from these and the adjacent counties showing a gradual increase during that period. After slowly spreading inland from their various points of arrival, the birds seem to have travelled west and north-west, and reached Somerset on May the 2nd, Worcester on the 3rd, Cambridge on the 5th, Derby on the 6th, Shropshire on the 7th, South Wales on the 9th, Mid-Wales and Yorkshire on the 10th, and North Wales on the 123th. A somewhat larger arrival than usual seems to have taken place along the whole coast from Dorset to Suffolk on the 12th and 13th, and the numbers in some of the adjoining counties show an increase during the following days. The third immigration occurred on May the 17th along the coast from Hants to Essex, and the birds, as before, travelled mainly in a north-westerly direction. They reached Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, and Wiltshire on the following day, and Suffolk, Norfolk, Shropshire, and Radnor on the 21st. By May the 27th they were reported as nesting in the eastern counties. A further arrival may have taken place to the west of Hants at the end of the month, but if so, the birds do not appear to have spread inland, for the records do not show any movement. ¥62 TURTLE-DOVE. el 2" Immigration tus:- % Be "2 {migration tus:- mi, | April 25. 28. 2. 99 CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. PRS 22 ad do Shropshire. Hants lights and Hants. Somerset. Hants, Berks, Suffolk and Worcester. ‘Surrey. Hants, Kent, Surrey, Berks and Cambridge. Kent, Surrey, Essex (arrived), Suffolk, Shrop- shire and Derby. Berks and Glamorgan (few); Shropshire (fairly numerous). Kent and Surrey. Hssex, Surrey and Glamorgan (several). Somerset, Wilts, Radnor and Yorkshire. Essex and Wilts (few). Dorset, Hants (few), Sussex, Berks (several), Suffolk, Denbigh, Merioneth and Yorkshire (few). Suffolk (few) and Cheshire. Berks (many) and Surrey (few). Berks, Bucks and Norfolk. Hants (many), Sussex (few), Oxford, Essex (many), Lincolnshire and Derby. Wilts (many), Berks and Bucks (several) and Cheshire. Surrey and Wilts (few). Herts (few), Suffolk (few), Norfolk (fairly well established), Lincolnshire, Shropshire (many) and Radnor (many). Radnor. Cambridge (few). Kent (few) and Shropshire (several). Cambridge (numbers). Essex and Suffolk (nesting). June bb) 164 Radnor and Shropshire (common). Dorset and Radnor. Dorset (several), Hants (few) and Radnor. Hants (many). Yorkshire (few). 165 THE LAND-RAIL. Crex pratensis Bechst. ~From the records of this species it is clear that the Land- Rail was fairly evenly distributed over England and Wales to the west of 1° 30’ W. longitude, but was more numerous in Wales and the North than in the southern counties. In the counties between 1° 30’ W. and the meridian of Green- wich it was apparently very sparsely distributed, while in the eastern and south-eastern seakoard counties, it was quite a rare bird. No doubt it arrived entirely on the western half of the south coast, and the few birds reported from the eastern counties were doubtless stragglers from the west. The earliest record was, curiously enough, from Essex on April the 8th, but as this was the only record from that county during the whole season, the bird could hardly have been anything but an accidental straggler. A few birds arrived in the west about the end of the first week in April, and these were followed by a small immigration into Devon and Hampshire on the 17th and 18th. ‘These birds travelled due north, and keeping to the west of 1° 30’ W. longitude, distributed themselves over the counties along the Welsh border, reaching Yorkshire and Durham on the 29th and 30th, and Dumfries on the 29th. A second immigration seems to have arrived in the west about the Ist of May and to have passed north into Wales and thence to the Isle of Man. A third immigration apparently landed in the west from Cornwall to Hampshire on May the 7th and 8th, and passing 166 LAND-RAIL. I®° Immigration tins:- . 2™ Immigration thus:- © | 3™ (migration tius:—[M 7] 4 M=May. \ Dates without initial en \ are in April. 167 north along the line taken by the first, reinforced the Welsh birds and reached Yorkshire on May the 10th. The records - indicate that the few birds found in the east were probably stragelers from this immigration. This seems to have been followed by a fourth and last immigration, which took place about May the 13th and 14th, and apparently reinforced the numbers already settled in the west and furnished the breeding-birds of the more northern parts of Great Britain. Some of these birds passed through the Isle of Man about May the 18th. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcOoRDS. April 8. Hssex. 9. Dorset. 16. Staffordshire. 17. Devon. 18. Hants lights. se 20. Wiltshire. » 203. Shropshire and Lancashire. .. 29. Yorkshire and Dumfries. » 380. Somerset and Durham. May 1. Dorset. - 2. Worcester. ee 3. Somerset, Cheshire and the Isle of Man. a 4. Merioneth, Cheshire and Northumberland. <5 5. Cambridge. 3 6. Wiltshire, Glamorgan and Denbigh. a 7. Cornwall, Surrey, Cardigan, Lancashire and Durham (settled). _ 8. Hants and Shropshire. oe Oxtorde » 10. Cardigan (several), Radnor, Derby, Yorkshire (great increase) and Northumberland (nest- ing). 12. Oxford and Radnor. 14. Wiltshire (several). 21. 168 Shropshire (usual numbers), Derby (few) and Westmoreland. Notts and Lancashire (few). Isle of Man (several). Lancashire (many). Surrey, Herts and Shropshire (many). Merioneth and Durham (nest and eggs). Denbigh. THE COMMON SANDPIPER. Totanus hypoleucus (.). Previous to April the 23rd, when the jirst marked immigra- tion of this species occurred, there were only a few scattered records in various counties, chiefly in the west and north ; and as a certain number of Sandpipers winter in the south- west, it seems probable that these residents began to spread gradually through the country during the first half of April, their numbers being doubtless augmented by the arrival of other stragglers from beyond the sea. _ The main immigration of this species lasted from April the 23rd till the end of the month, the birds arriving in Corn- wall, Devon, and Hants on the 23rd, Devon on the 25th, Cornwall and Devon on the 27th, Devon, Hants, and Sussex on the 28th, and Devon and Dorset on the 30th. Many passed rapidly northwards through Wales on the day of their arrival, and reached Shropshire, Cheshire, and Lancashire on the 24th, Denbigh and Westmoreland on the 25th, and Yorkshire on the 26th. The later arrivals passed through Wales and Shropshire and reached Lancashire on the 30th, Westmoreland on May the Ist, and Northumberland on the 2nd. Those arriving on the 30th appear to have passed through Somerset the same day, to have reached Radnor and Merioneth on May the 3rd, and passed on to Denbigh on the 7th, while a further contingent reached Northumberland on the 9th. The Hampshire birds arriving on April the 23rd seem to have spread inland into Surrey, Berkshire, and Oxtord, while those arriving in Hants and Sussex on the 28th followed in 1 Inna tas 23 2” Immigration thus M= May. — Bates without initial are in April. JeyAl the same direction, and passed up the east coast through Hssex and Suffolk about the end of the first week in May. The second immigration arrived in Hants and Devon on May the 7th, when the western birds again passed through Wales on the 9th and 12th and reached Cumberland on the 15th; the eastern ones moved into Oxford on the 9th, reached Hssex and Cambridge on the 13th and Suffolk on the 14th. A third immigration arrived in Devon and Sussex on May the 14th and 15th. The western birds apparently passed in the track of their predecessors, but they could not be traced as accurately ; the Sussex birds appear to have moved slowly through the south-eastern counties, reaching Suffolk and Essex on the 21st. Kggs were reported from Derby and Yorkshire on May the 13th and 14th, and from Northumberland and Durham on the 23rd and 25th. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE Recorpbs. March 16. Shropshire (resident). » 29. Somerset. April 5. Devon. .. 11. Cornwall, Radnor and Denbigh. » 12. Staffordshire (a pair), Cardigan (several), Merioneth and Lancashire. ., 13. Somerset and Yorkshire. ee 420. Dorset, 2) 15... Somenset- , 16. Norfolk, Shropshire, Yorkshire (a few pairs) and Durham. » 17. Worcester, Radnor and the Isle of Man. » 18. Devon, Somerset and Denbigh. , 19. Devon and Merioneth (few). ,, 20. Devon and Merioneth, , 21. Kent, Somerset, Shropshire and Merioneth. , 22. Surrey, Oxford, Merioneth, Yorkshire (increase) and Dumfries. » oO. 172 Cornwall, Devon (several), Hants, iSurrey, Merioneth (many) and Laneashire (few). Devon, Dorset, Oxford, Shropshire, Cheshire and Lancashire (many ). Devon, Somerset, Wilts, Merioneth, Denbigh (many), Cheshire, Lancashire an: Westmore- land. Berks, Shropshire, Lancashire, Cheshire and Yorkshire (great increase). Cornwall, Devon, Somerset, Oxford, Radnor, Derby (2 pairs), Merioneth and Lancashire. Devon lights, Devon, Hants, Sussex, Shropshire and Durham (settled). Oxford, Gloucester and Shropshire. Devon, Dorset, Somerset (common), Shropshire, Merioneth, Denbigh, Lancashire (many) and Durham (settled). Devon, Berks, Oxford, Radnor, Cheshire and Westmoreland (few). Hants, Wilts, Glamorgan, Shropshire (several pairs), Cheshire and Northumberland. Hants, Surrey, Radnor (few), Merioneth (many) and Westmoreland. Hants, Essex, Wilts, Glamorgan, Radnor (few), Cheshire and Westmoreland. Wilts, Radnor and Cheshire. Hants, Radnor, Merioneth and _ Lancashire (resident). Devon, Radnor (few), Merioneth and Denbigh. Suffolk. Hants, Oxford, Shropshire (nesting), Merioneth, Denbigh and Northumberland (many). Devon and Merioneth. Oxford, Cambridge and Merioneth. Hssex, Oxford, Cambridge and Derby (nest and egos). . Devon lights, Devon, Wilts, Suffolk and York- shire (nest and eggs). 15), 17. 18. I) 20. ae 22. 23. 24. 26. 173 Sussex (a pair) and Cumberland. Dorset. Sussex and Glamorgan. Sussex. Bucks. Hssex, Suffolk and Denbigh. Radnor (many). Sussex and Northumberland (many nesting). Kent and the Isle of Man (resident). Durham (nests). THE COMMON TERN. Sterna fluviatilis Naum. A Frw Common Terns arrived at their breeding-grounds on the south-east of England on April the 9th and 13th, and the main body on the 23rd. By May the 21st nesting- operations were in full swing. On the Lancashire coast the first arrivals appeared on April the 28th, and the numbers showed a gradual increase during May, but the full complement of breeding-birds did not appear until quite the end of the month. A movement seems to have taken place up the east coast of England during the second week in May, when doubtless some of the more northern breeding-birds moved to their summer-quarters. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. April 9. Dungeness, Kent. » 13. Dungeness, Kent. », 2. Dungeness, Kent (large numbers). ,, 28. Lancashire (several). ? May 1. Lancashire. fr 3. Oxford. 4. Lancashire. Le 6. Lancashire. 5 7. Lancashire (few). 33 8. Sussex (few) and Norfolk (many passing). i Stl Oxford: » 13. Cambridge. », 15. Sussex (many) and Cumberland. , 20. Lancashire (many). 175 Dungeness, Kent (nesting). Sussex (many). Lancashire (numbers). Lancashire (large numbers). Norfolk. 176 THE LITTLE TERN. Sterna minuta L. A ¥ew Little Terns reached their breeding-quarters in Kent on the 9th and 13th of April, and appeared in Essex on the 25th and 30th, and in Suffolk on May the Ist. The main body arrived in Kent on May the 2nd, in Essex on the 5th, 6th, and 7th, and in Suffolk on the 14th, while nesting-operations had commenced in Hssex by May the 13th. In the west the first birds put in an appearance in Devon on May the 3rd, on the 6th a certain number had reached Lancashire, and on the 15th a few pairs were recorded from Cumberland. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. April 9. Dungeness, Kent. » 13. Dungeness, Kent. 5, ete D~. LISSe So Oi, ssex Ma 1. Suffolk (few). ‘3 2. Dungeness, Kent (large numbers). = 3. Essex and Devon (few). af 5. Hssex. ; 6. Sussex, Essex (few) and Lancashire (many). ¥ 7. Essex (few) and Lancashire. as 8. Sussex (many) and Carnarvon. 3.) 12. Sutfelk. , 13. ‘Essex (nesting). Suffolk (many ). Cumberland. Essex (many ). Lancashire (several). Lancashire (settled). Merioneth. Lancashire (numbers). S Ne el ee eet an oF » SS Ns wD bo bo Hm mo 2 6 Nia UNSCHEDULED. BIRDS. SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. THE FIELDFARE (Turdus pilaris). April Ist, Sussex, flock going north-east. Berks and Wilts, many. April 4th to 8th, Yorks, many. April 7th, Hants and Cheshire, many. April 8th, Somerset, Salop, and Yorks, large flocks. April 10th, N. Wales and Suffolk. April 12th to 15th, Devon, Hants, Wilts, Hereford, and Cheshire. April 16th, Somerset. April 19th to 22nd, Wilts, numbers. April 19th, Yorks. Avpril 20th, Cheshire. April 16th to 22nd, Yorks, few. April 23rd, Wilts. April 24th, Cheshire. April 24th to 26th, Hants. April 27th to 29th, Yorks, many. April 28th and 80th, Somerset, few. May Ist, Wilts and Staffs, numbers. May 3rd, Hants, few. May 6th, Surrey, few. [A further note from Mr. Booth points out that very large flocks of these birds were slowly passing northwards a little to the west of Brad- ford almost continuously between the 12th and 22nd of April. ] THE REDWING (Turdus iliacus). March 8lst and April Ist, Hants Lts. many. April 2nd, Cheshire, few. April 6th, Sussex. April 10th, Cheshire, small numbers. April 11th and 13th, Leman and Ower Lts. (Norfolk). THE BLACKBIRD (Turdus merula). March 30th, Start Lt. (Devon). March 31st, Hants Lts. THE SONG-THRUSH (Turdus musicus). April Ist and 2nd, Hants Lts., few. April 22nd, Hants Lts., many. April 28th, Hants Lts., few. 178 THE BLACK REDSTART (Ruticilla titys). ‘ March 31st and April Ist, Sussex. April 2nd, Dorset. THE ROBIN (£rithacus rubecula). April 2nd, St. Catherine’s Lt. (Hants). THE PIED WAGTAIL (Motacilla lugubris). March 17th and 31st, St. Catherine’s Lt. (Hants). March 29th, Start Lt. (Devon). April 2nd, Lancs. April 3rd, Lancs, increase. April 8th, Yorks, increase. April 9th, Northumberland, few. April 19th, Cheshire, few. THE GREY WAGTAIL (Motacilla melanope). March 31st, Wolf Rock Lt. (Cornwall). THE MEADOW-PIPIT (Anthus pratensis). March 24th and April Ist, Start Lt. (Devon). April 1st, Shambles Lt. (Dorset). April 2nd, Lizard Lt. (Cornwall). April 2nd to 8th, Lanes, many. April 6th, Cheshire,many. April 7th, Northumberland, 2 flocks. April 8th, Yorks, increase. April 11th, Smiths Knoll Lt. (Essex), THE CHAFFINCH (Fringilla celebs). April 2nd, Shipwash Lt.-v. (Essex). April 8rd, Inner Dowsing Lt.-v. (Lines). THE BRAMBLING (Fringilla montifringilla). April Ist, Berks, many, April 6th, Haisboro Lt. (Norfolk). April 18th, Cheshire, few. THE GOLDFINCH (Carduelis elegans). April 22nd, Somerset, hundreds arrived. THE GREENFINCH (Ligurinus chioris). March 31st, Shipwash Lt.-v. (Essex). April 9th, Nab Lt. (Hants). April 10th, Shipwash Lt.-v. (Essex). THE LINNET (Linota cannabina), , April 19th and 22nd, Cheshire, flocks. April 22nd, Somerset, daily increasing. April 27th, Cheshire, flock of migrants, Wig THE TWITE (Linota flavirostris). May 2nd, Essex. THE TREE-SPARROW (Passer montanus). April 12th, Smiths Knoll Lt.-v. (Essex). April 20th, Leman and Ower Lts. (Norfolk). THE STARLING (Sturnus vulgaris). March 20th, Devon, many. March 29th, Start Lt. (Devon), St. Cathe- rine’s Lt. (Hants). March 30th, Inner Dowsing Lt. (Lincs). March 31st to April 2nd, St. Catherine’s Lt. (Hants), many. April Ist, Start Lt. (Devon). April 2nd, Leman and Ower Lts. (Norfolk). April 5th to 7th, Essex, vast flocks flying east. April 5th, Smiths Knoll Lt.-v. (Essex). April 18th, St. Catherine’s Lt. (Hants). April 22nd, Somerset, flocks. May 22nd, St. Catherine’s Lt. (Hants). THE HOODED CROW (Corvus cornix). April 38rd, Sussex. April 4th to 8th, Yorks. April 11th and 24th, Notts. April 20th, Essex. May 8th, Suffolk. TILE SKY-LARK (Alauda arvensis). March 17th and 29th, St. Catherine’s Lt. (Hants), March 30th, Inner Dowsing Lt.-v. (Lincs). March 3lst, St. Catherine’s Lt. (Hants). April 1st, Start Lt. (Devon), Shambles Lt. (Dorset). April 2nd, St. Catherine’s Lt. (Hants). April 13th, Outer Dowsing Lt. (Lincs). THE HOOPOE (Upupa epops). April 7th, Sussex, one. April 13th, Cornwall, one, April 16th, Devon two, Dorset one. April 17th, Kent, three. May 9th, Devon, one. THE HONEY-BUZZARD (Pernis apivorus). May 21st, Welshpool (Montgomeryshire), one. THE HOBBY (Fulco subbuteo). May 18th, Wilts, pair. May 19th, Berks, pair building. May 20th, Hants, pair. June 4th, Surrey, one. THE BITTERN (Botaurus stellaris). 7 yy oe ; 1 97 April 8th, Devon, one seen and heard ‘‘ booming.” 180 BEWICK’S SWAN (Cygnus bewickt). April 2nd, Derby, five. THE GARGANEY (Querquedula circia). April 21st, Kent, five pairs. May 28rd, East Sussex, one pair. THE WIGEON (Mareca penelope). April 21st, Kent, many. THE WATER-RAIL (Rallus aquaticus). March 29th, St. Catherine’s Lt. (Hants). March 31st, East Goodwin Lt. (Kent), and Orfordness Lt. (Suffolk). THE KENTISH PLOVER (Agialitis cantiana). April 21st, Kent. THE GOLDEN PLOVER (Charadrius pluvialis). April 1st, Devon, large flock. April 25th, Cheshire,many. May 19th, Somerset, about fifty. THE TURNSTONE (Strepsilas interpres). May 26th, Norfolk, few. THE WOODCOCK (Scolopax rusticula). March 22nd, Smiths Knoll Lt. (Essex). April Ist and 10th, Yorks. THE DUNLIN (Tringa alpina). April 18th, St. Catherine’s Lt. (IHants). THE GREEN SANDPIPER (Totanus ochropus). April 7th, Essex. April 9th, 13th, and 14th, Wilts. April 24th, Somerset. May Ist, Salop. May 19th, Suffolk. May 21st, Berks. THE REDSHANK (Totanus calidris), March 9th, Norfolk, several. March 19th to 23rd, Westmoreland, passing migrants. March 31st, Portland Bill Lt. (Dorset). April 6th, St. Catherine’s Lt. (Hants). ge ick THE BAR-TAILED GODWIT (Limosa lapponica). May 12th, Suffolk. THE CURLEW (Numenius arquata). March 3rd and 7th, Radnor. March 9th to 23rd, Westmoreland, in- creasing daily. March 29th and 30th, Hants, passing. April 6th to 29th, Hants, few. April 23rd, Surrey. THE WHIMBREL (Numenius pheopus). April 15th, Yorks. April 25th, Devon. April 26th, Hants. April 27th, Gloucester. April 28th, Devon. April 29th, Suffolk. April 30th, Hants, numbers. May Ist, 2nd, and 4th, Devon, increasing daily. May 4th, Isle of Man. May 5th, Hants, Norfolk, Sussex, and Cardigan. May 6th, Merioneth. May 8th, Devon and Sussex, many. May 11th, Hants. May 12th, Devon and Merioneth, many. May 13th, Isle of Man, several. May 17th, Hssex and Isle of Man. May 19th, Sussex, few, and Cardigan. May 20th and 21st, Merioneth. May 22nd, Hants. May 26th, Isle of Man. May 2th, Merioneth. June 9th, Hants. THE BLACK TERN (Hydrochelidon nigra). May 16th, Norfolk, few. THE ARCTIC TERN (Sterna macrura). April 28th, Lancs.. May 7th, Barrow (Lancs). THE LITTLE GREBE (Podicipes fluviatilis). April 18th, St. Catherine's Lt., Hants. 182 MAP SHOWING POSITIONS OF OBSERVERS AND LicgHTHousres & LicHTsHIPs, from whom records were received during the Spring Immigration. S : Saar es ENGLAND anp WALES English Miles 4 2 Jo e Inland Observers x Lighthouse or Lightship. 183 LIST OF OBSERVERS AND LIGHTHOUSES from whom Observations have been received during the Spring of 1906. Arranged in Counties alphabetically. BERKSHIRE. Cocks, A. Heneage. Cooper, Chas. Cornish, The Rev. J. G. Hawkins, J. L. Joy, N. H. Lloyd, Col. A. Wallis, H. M. © Witherington, G. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. Wallis, Anthony. CAMBRIDGE. Bannerman, D. Farren, Wm Price, M. P. CARDIGAN. Salter, Dr. J. CHESHIRE. Coward, T. A. Cummings, J. G. Oldham, Chas. CORNWALL. Harvey, A. W. K. Peter, Otho. Welch, H. J. Eddystone Light. Lizard Light. Wolf Light-v. 184 DERBYSHIRE. Boulsover, Wm. Henderson, J. Hertzel, Miss 8. Jourdain, The Rev. F. C. Kt. Lee, Wm. Spurrier, The Rev. J. Warner, Geo. Worthington, A. O. DEVON. Cox, A. H. M. Elliott, E. A. S. D’Urban, S. M. Hawker, Miss H. Rousham, A. H. Teschemaker, W. E. Start Light. DORSET. Harper, E. Lester, Miss G. Peck, G. R. Penrose, Dr. F. G. Portland Bill Light. Shambles Light-v. DUMFRIES. Service, Robert. DURHAM. Clark, Isaac, junr. ESSEX. Bahr, P. HH. Frohawk, F. W. Gilroy, N. Hope, G. Kerry, Fred. Nicholls, W. B. Shipwash Light-v. Smiths Knoll! Light-v. Cork Light. 185 GLAMORGAN. Evans, H. Henderson, J., junr. Jones, A. O. Nicholl, Jno. W. Perkins, R. Player, W. J. Percy. HAMPSHIRE. Beeston, H. -Coles, R. E. Kelsall, The Rev. J. K. Kelso, Dr. J. E. Macmillan, W. E. F. Mapleton, H. A. Munn, P. W. Whiting, Smith. Witherby, H. F. Warner Light. Nab Light-yv. St. Catherine’s Light. HEREFORDSHIRE. Binstead, The Rev. C. H. HERTFORDSHIRE, Headley, F. W. KENT. ' Alexander, J. Allchin, J. H. ~ Austen, Fred. Elgar, H. Finlinson, H. W. Lapworth, A. Sutton, F. L. Turner, Miss E. L. E. Goodwin Light-y. Gull Light-y. 186 LANCASHIRE. Daniell, D. F. E. Hornby, Hugh P. Robinson, H. W. Rogers, M. F. Smalley, Fred. Turney, H. B. Townsend, G. LINCOLNSHIRE. Blathwayt, The Rev. F. L. Haigh, G. H. Caton. Outer Dowsing Light V. Inner Dowsing Light V. LONDON. Macpherson, A. H. Meicklejohn, A. H. Ogilvie-Grant, W. R. Popham, H. L. Stone, W. G. MAN, ISLE OF. Crellin, J. C. Leach, J. Ralfe, P. G. NORFOLK. Burton, W. D. Dack, C. B. Knights, Jas. E. Morris, Stanley. Napier, A. 8. Plowright, Dr. Chas. Haisboro’ Light. Leman and Ower Lights. NORTH WALES. Payne-Gallwey, Miss B. Ruddy, J. Russell, Dr, W. B. Wayne, R. 187 NORTHUMBERLAND. Kerr, The Rev. R. Roddam, Miss H. M. Walton, J. 8. NOTTINGHAM. Martin, The Rev. W. Kh. Pearson, Chas. E. Yerbury, Col. J. W. OXFORD. Fowler, The Rev. W. Warde. O’Hea, The Rev L. RADNOR. Owen, Q. R. SHROPSHIRE. Forrest. H. E. Lang, Jas. Meredith, The Rey. J. B. Meredith, J. F. SOMERSET. Ashby, H. Chichester, The Rey. R. Knight, W. A. Lewis, Stanley. Meyrick, Col. H. STAFFORDSHIRE. Bailey, A. B. Bladen, W. Wells. Bryan, B. Keary, Miss A. A. Masefield, J. R. B. 188 SUFFOLK. Cobbold, A. Townsend. Edwards, Stanley. Miller, H. L. Parker, Duncan. Orfordness Light. SURREY. Bradshaw, G. Boorman, 8. Bunyard, P. F. Collins, J. Crosfield, J. B. . udey,N. T. Leeds, Miss G. Medlicott, W. 58. Nettleship, E. Swanton, EK. W. Thorburn, A. SUSSEX. Arnold, E. C. Field, W. Gorringe, W. Nicoll, M. J. Ticehurst, Dr. N. F. Ticehurst, C. B. Owers Light. WESTMORELAND. Mason, Miss. WILTSHIRE. Harrison, The Rev. D. Percy. Kunbly, The Rev. E. P. Money-Kyrle, Miss M. Penrose, The Rey. J. Temple, Grenville N. Townsend, R. 8. WORCESTERSHIRE. Elliot, J. Stecle. Howard, H. E. 189 YORKSHIRE. Alexander, H. G. Arundel, Major W. B. Barnes, The Rey. L. E. Bishop, J. Booth, H. B. Calvert, L. H. Fortune, Riley. Gyngell, W. Millburn, C. E. Nelson, J. H. Rhedes, Geo. Taylor, C. E. Watson, John. CHANNEL ISLANDS. Hanois Light. Printed by Tayror and Francis, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street. ee: “OF THE THE FIRST mon 7 OF pipet S All pie ree. tas re OO tah FF eo 0 dt Br a id a a HNN 01 i 9088 009