Pie
oth tee a ee

Cie ee |
ms < tau NN
yee: aahs a

oh

oan aie
ee ee ee

a em 8
40/49 =i <a
“ys =e

ay a oy
a hel we ha

AEB a

aa mer

Li - -
mmo ath 3 a 38”
;

+

se SS

fete ‘a
Peru

24"

tlh Oma y

fb te
cE eee Tee tee
Corre)

> a
did ob Adheitnd > ie spheed eae

. —_— ah
a

Ca
Rar,
mew
WEAK Eee lY. CIN DE Oe pONDON. MOS ,

'
i
.
tk
r
.
Fi
’
‘
i
te;
cy “\
cyt od . y
Able ie
ot i V
fa ‘Sy
eae
Yaa :
Th
t ’
i"
° i
:
S a4
4s
u
s
.
:
‘
‘
1
*
~
¥
’ :
i
:

i

BULLETIN

OF THE

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB,

PERCY R. LOWE.

VOEUME XE V.
SESSION 1924-1925,

LONDON:
WITHERBY & CO., 326 HIGH HOLBORN.

1925.

PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS,
RED LICN COURT, FLEET STREET.

PREFACK,

—__4¢———_.

Tue total number of attendances at the meetings of the
Club during the past Session was 351 members and 83
guests, a total of 434. This compares favourably with
recent Sessions.

In the preface to the 1923-24 volume of the ‘ Bulletin’
we called attention to what appeared to be a tendency to
a diminution in the number of new forms described,
expressing at the same time a hope that this indicated an
approach to something nearing finality in the discovery and
naming of subspecies, and that it was not merely correlated
with a temporary diminution of activity in collecting. In
that Session 55 subspecies had been described in the
‘Bulletin, as compared with 136 in the previous volume.
In the Session just completed 54 have been described. Tor
these Mr. N. B. Kinnear, Mr. J. Delacour, and Mr. Stuart
Baker have been chiefly responsible, Mr. Kinnear’s work
being concerned with a Tonkin collection made by Mr. H.
Stevens on behalf of the Godman-Salvin and Percy Sladen
Trust, Mr. Delacour’s with the birds collected on his recent
Indo-China Expedition, and Mr. Stuart Baker’s with his
researches connected with his book on the ‘ Birds of India.’
Capt. H.S. Stoneham has also described new birds from
Central Africa.

Apart from this, the Session was marked by Major
Cheesman’s very interesting account of his Arabian expedi-
tion to the Great South Desert ; by an address given by
Prof, P. P. Suskhin on his proposed classification of the
Fringillide ; by the exhibition by Mr. H. Witherby of the
eges of the Common Snipe taken in Portugal and sent
to him by Mr. Geoffrey Tait ; and the exhibition by Prince
Taka-Tsukasa of Pseudotadorna cristata Kuroda.

(Signed) PERCY R. LOWE,
Editor.

London, July 1926.
ar

i

Te.
¥ my
} ne y.
<i i

RULES

OF THE

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB,
(As amended, October 8th, 1924.)

<p

I. This Club was founded for the purpose of facilitating the
social intercourse of Members of the British Ornithologists’
Union. Any Member of that Union can become a Member
of this Club on payment (to the Treasurer) of an entrance
fee of One Pound and a subscription of One Guinea for
the current Session. Resignation of the Union involves
resignation of the Club.

II. Members who have not paid their subscriptions before
the last Meeting of the Session, shall cease, ipso facto, to be
Members of the Club, but may be reinstated on payment of
arrears.

III. Ordinary Members of the British Ornithologists’
Union may be introduced as Visitors at the Meetings of
the Club, but every Member of the Club who introduces
a Member of the B. O. U. as a Visitor (to the dinner or
to the Meeting afterwards) shall pay One Shilling to the
Treasurer on each occasion.

IV. No gentleman shall be allowed to attend the Meetings
of the Club as a guest on more than three occasions during
any single Session ; and no former Member who has been
removed for non-payment of subscription or any other cause
shall be allowed to attend as a guest. Ladies are not
admitted as guests.

V. The Club shall meet, as a rule, on the Second
Wednesday in every Month, from October to June inclusive,
at such hour and place as may be arranged by the Committee.
But should such Wednesday happen to be Ash Wednesday,
the Meeting will take place on the Wednesday following.
At these Meetings papers upon ornithological subjects shall
be read, specimens exhibited, and discussion invited.

VI. An Abstract of the Proceedings of the B. O. C. shall
be printed as scon as possible after each Meeting, under the
title of the ‘ Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club.’
and distributed gratis to every Member who has paid his
subscription. Copies of this Bulletin shall be published and
sold at Two Shillings each to Members.

Descriptions of new species may be added to the last
page of the ‘ Bulletin,’ although such were not communi-
eated at the Meeting of the Club. This shall be done at
the discretion of the Editor and so Jong as the publication
of the ‘ Bulletin’ is not unduly delayed thereby.

VI

Any person speaking at a Meeting of the Club shall be
allowed subsequently to amplify his remarks in the
‘ Bulietin’; but no fresh matter shall be incorporated with
such remarks.

VII. The affairs of this Club shall be managed by a
Committee, to consist of the Chairman, who shall be elected
for three years, at the end of which period he shall not be
eligible for re-election for the next term, the Editor of the
* Bulletin,’ who shall be elected for five years, at the end of
which period he shall not be eligible for re-election for the
next term, the Secretary and Treasurer, who shall be elected
for a term of one year, but shall be eligible for re-election,
with four other Members, the senior of whom shall retire
each year; every third year the two senior Members shall
retire and two others be elected in their place. Officers and
Members of the Committee shall be elected by the Members
of the Club at a General Meeting, and the names of such
Officers and Members of Committee, nominated for the
ensuing year, shall be circulated with the preliminary notice
convening the General Meeting at least two weeks before
the Meeting. Should any Member wish to propose another
candidate, the nomination of such, signed by at least two
Members, must reach the Secretary at least one clear week
before the Annual General Meeting.

Amendments to the Standing Rules of the Club, as well
as very important or urgent matters, shall be submitted to
Members, to be voted upon at a General Meeting.

VIII. A General Meeting of the B.O.C. shall be held
on the day of the October Meeting of each Session, and the
Treasurer shall present thereat the Balance-sheet and
Report ; and the election of Officers and Committee, in so far
as their election is required, shall be held at such Meeting.

IX. Any Member desiring to make a complaint of the
manner in which the affairs of the Club are conducted must
communicate in wiiting with the Chairman, who will call a
Committee Meeting to deal with the matter.

COMMITTEE 1924-1025.

H. F. Wiernersy, Chairman. Elected 1924.

Dr. P. R. Lows, Editor of the ‘ Bulletin’ FElected 1920.
Dr. G. C. Low, Hon. Secretary and Treasurer. Elected 1923.
D. A. Bannerman. Elected 1922.

H. M. Wauuts. Elected 1923.

C. B. TiceHurst. Elected 1924.

C. OLtpHam. Elected 1924.

Officers of the British Ornithologists’ Club,
Past and Present.

Chairmen.
P. L. SctatEer, F.R.S. 1892-1913.
Lord RotruscuHixp, F.R.S. 1913-1918.
W. L. ScLatTEr. 1918-1924.
H. F. WItvHERpsy. 1924—
Editors.
R. BowD1LER SHARPE. 1892-1904,
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT. 1904-1914.
D. A. BANNERMAN. 1914-1915.
D. Seru-SMITH. 1915-1920.
Dr. P. R. Lowe. 1920-

Honorary Secretaries and Treasurers.

HowarpD SAUNDERS. 1892-1899.
W. E. DE WINTON. 1899-1904.
H. F. WiTHEReY. 1904-1914.
Dr. P. R. Lowe. 1914-1915.
C. G. TaLtBor-PoNnsonBy. 1915-1918.
D. A. BANNERMAN. 1918-1919.
Dr. Purirp Gosse. 1919-1920.
J. L. Bonnore. 1920-1922

C. W. MackwortrH-PRAED. 1922-1923
Dr. G. C. Low. 1923-

ai Wie is

ty) mets

b

a tae |
Age A

o1

Io

i)

20

25

LIST OF MEMBERS.

JUNE 1925.
—

Avams, Erynst E. ; Lloyd’s, Royai Exchange, E.C. 3.
Atexanper, H. G.; 78 Gibbins Road, Selly Oak, Birmingham.
Artin, Otiver Vernon; Stonehill House, Bloxham, Banbury, Oxon.
ARDERN, LAWRENCE; 7 Sussex Place, Regent’s Park, N.W.1.
Arnotp, E. C.; The College, Eastbourne.
ArunveL, Major W. B.; High Ackworth, Pontefract, Yorks.
Baity, W. Suore; Boyers House, Westbury, Wilts.
Baxer, Coartes E.; Elm Cottage, Snaresbrook, Essex, E. 11.
Baxer, E. C. Stuart, J.P., F.Z.8., F.L.S.; 6 Harold Road, Upper
Norwood, 8.E. 19.
Bannerman, Davip A., M.B.E., B.A., F.R.S.E. (Committee); British
Museum (Natural History), S.W.7, and 60 Addison Road, W. 14.
Barrineton, Frepericx J. F.; University College Hospital Medical
School, Gower Street, W.C. 1.
Barnes, Grorcs K.; 10 Elvaston Place, Queen’s Gate, S.W. 7.
Best, Miss M. G. 8.; 123 Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, S.W. 10.
Beven, Dr. Joun O.; Kisit, Kenya Colony, Hast Africa.
Braavw, F. E., C.M.Z.S. ; Gooilust, s'Graveland, Hilversum, Noord-
Holland.
Bosrinsky, Count A.; 10 Marble Arch, W. 1.
Boorman, 8.; Heath Farm, Send, Woking, Surrey.
Boora, H. B.; ‘“ Ryhill,” Ben Rhydding, Yorks.
Borrer, C. D.; 6 Durham Place, Chelsea, 8.W. 3.
Boyp, A. W.; Frandley House, near Northwich.
Braprorp, A. D.; Garsten House, near Watford.
Braprorpd, Sir J. Rosz, K.C.M.G., M.D., F.R,C.P. F.R.S.; 8 Man-
chester Square, W.1.
Brain, Dr. W. Russert; 14 Livingtone Mansions, Queen’s Club
Gardens, W. 14.
Bristowe, B. A. ; Ashford Farm, Stoke D’Abernon, Cobham, Surrey.
Brown, Grorcr; Rasagalla, Balangoda, Ceylon, and The Close,
Purton, Swindon, Wilts.
Bounyarp, P. F., F.Z.S.; 57 Kidderminster Road, Croydon.
Burier, Artuur L.; St. Leonard’s Park, Horsham, Sussex.
Buxton, Antuony; Knighton, Buckhurst Hill, Essex.

30

ah)

40

45

50

DD

x

Cuance, KE. P.; 9 Hay Hill, Berkeley Square, W. 1.

Cuoapman, F. M.; American Museum of Natural History, New
York, U.S.A.

Cuarteris, Hon. G. L.; 26 Catherine Street, Buckingham Palace
Road, 8. W. Ll.

Cuasz, R. W.; Herne’s Nest, Bewdley, Worcestershire.

CueusmMan, Major R. E., O.B.E.; E. India United Service Club,
16 St. James’s Square, S.W. 1.

Crarksn, Brig.-General Goranp van Hott, C.M.G., D.S.0. F.Z.S. ;
Brook House, Ardingly, Sussex.

CuarKe, Joon P. Srepuunson; Borde Hill, Cuckfield, Sussex.

CuarkE, Col. Srepuenson Roser, C.B., F.Z.S.; Borde Hill, Cuck-
field, Sussex.

Crarkn, Writrram Eaetz, LL.D., F.R.S.E., F.L.S.; 8 Grosvenor

. Street, Edinburgh.

Cocurane, Captain Henry L., R.N. (Retd.); The Chase, Whaddon,
Bletchley, Bucks.

Cotzs, Ricnarp Epwarp; Rosebank, New Milton, 8.0., Hants.

Cottetr, A. K.; Oxford and Cambridge Club, Pall Mall, 8.W. 1.

Cottier, Coartes, F.Z.S.; Bridge House, Culmstock, Devon.

Coutart, Nevitte; Guild Cottage, Epsom.

Congreve, Major, W. M., M.C.; Hafod, Trefnant, Denbighshire.

Cox, Denis; The Old Cottage, Brockham, Surrey.

Cox, Major-Gen. Sir Percy Z., G.C.LE., G.C.M.G., K.C.S.L. ;
c/o Grindlay & Co., 54 Parliament Street, S.W. 1.

Curtis, Freprrics, F.R.C.S.; Alton House, Redhill, Surrey.

Davipsor, J., F.Z.S.; 32 Drumsheugh Gardens, Edinburgh.

Deane, Rozert H.; Highlands, Iver Heath, Bucks.

Detacour, M. Jean; Chateau de Cleres (Seine-Inf.), France.

Detmi-Rapcurrre, Lieut.-Col. A.; Shenley House, Headcorn,
Kent.
Detut-Rapoturrr, Lieut.-Col. H., F.Z.8., F R.G.S.; ¢/o Lloyds
Bank (Cox & Co.’s Branch), F. Dept., 6 Pall Mall, §.W. 1.
Dewnoursr, Captain F. W., Royal Marine L.I.; Elmwood, North
End, Hampstead, N.W. 3.

Dosre, Wittiam Hayry, M.R.C.S.; 2 Hunter Street, Chester.

Exuis, H. Wittoversy, F.Z.S., F.E.S., F.G.S.; 3 Lancaster Place,
N.W. 3.

Evans, Arntour Humsie, M.A., D.Sc., F.Z.S.; 9 Harvey Road,
Cambridge. |

Ezra, A., O.B.E., F.Z.S.; Foxwarren Park, Cobham, Surrey.

60

65

7O

(6

80

85

XE

Frniivson, Horacr W., F.Z.8.; 5 Rosamond Road, Bedford.

Fisuer, Kennetu ; School House, Oundle, Northamptonshire.

Fremine, James M.; Dildawn, Queen Edith’s Way, Cambridge.

Frowszr, Major 8. 8.; Spencersgreen End, Tring, Herts.

Foster, Nevin H., F.L.S. ; Hillsborough, Co. Down, Ireland.

Fronawk, F. W., F.E.S.; 124 Beckenham Road, Beckenham, Kent.

Fromors-Raxowski, R. J.; 57/58 Langgasse, Danzig, Free State,
Baltic.

Goovatt, J. M.; The Nest, Bembridge, Isle of Wight.

Grant, Capt. C. H. B., F.Z.8.; ¢/o Chief Secretary to the Gevt.,
Dar-es-Salaam, Tanganyika Territory, E. Africa.

Grry oF Fattopon, Viscount, K.G., P.C., F.Z.S.; Fallodon, Christon
Bank, R.S.O., Northumberland.

Grirritu, ArrHUR F.; 3 Evelyn Terrace, Brighton.

Gurney, G. H., F.Z.S.; Keswick Hall, Norwich, Norfolk.

Gyxprenstotrr, Count Nits; Royal (Natural History) Museum,
Stockholm, Sweden.

Hacutsuxa, The Hon. Masavsr; 10 Grosvenor Square, W.1.

Hatenu, Grorce Henry Caron, F.Z.S.; Grimsby Hall, Great
Grimsby, Lincolnshire.

Harz, Rev. James R., M.A.; Boxley Vicarage, Maidstone, Kent.

Harpy, Rear-Admiral E. C., R.N.; Ramsden Court House, Stone-
in-Oxney, near Appledore, Kent.

Harrison, Dr. James M., D.S.C.; St. Annes, 1 Tub’s Hill, Seven-
oaks, Kent.

Hart, 8. H.; Estate Office, Hammonds, Checkendon, Reading.

Harrert, Ernst, Ph.D., F.Z.S.; The Museum, Tring, Herts.

’ Hawker, R. M.; Bath Club, Dover Street, W. 1.

Hersert, Capt. E. G.; The Sports Club, St. James’s Square, S.W. 1.

Hert, Grorrrry Srccomsr, M.B., F.R.C.S., F.Z.S8.; 86 Brook Street,
Grosvenor Square, W. 1.

Hopkinson, Emittus, M.B., D.8.0., F.Z.8.; 45 Sussex Square,
Brighton, and Bathurst, Gambia, West Africa.

Horsrirtp, Hersert Kwieutr; Crescent Hill, Filey, Yorkshire.

Humeareys, Geo. R.; Upton Lodge, Drumcondra, Dublin.

Inetis, C. McFartane; Natural History Museum, Darjiling, India.

Ineram, Capt. Cottinewoop; The Grange, Benenden, Cranbrook,
Kent.

Jackson, Sir Freperick J., K.C.M.G., C.B., F.Z.S.; 6 Gray’s Inn
Square, Gray’s Inn, W.C.

Janson, CoHarLes W.; 6 Hyde Park Square, W. 2.

go

95

I0O

105

110

XII

Joprine, Linpsay Mriizats, B.A.; Manor Farm, Chesham Bois, Bucks,

Jourpaln, Rev. F. C. R., M.A.; Appleton Rectory, near Abingdon,
Berks.

Kinwzar, Norman B., 0.M.Z.S.; British Museum (Natural History),
Cromwell Road, 8. W. 7.

Kross, C. Bopnn; Raffles Museum, Singapore, Straits Settlements.

La Tovcug, J. D.; St. David’s, Greystones, Co. Wicklow, Ireland.

Larpiaw, THomas Gepprs ; Halmyre, West Linton, Peeblesshire.

Lampert, Goprrey C.; Woodcote, Esher, Surrey.

Lraroyp, A. E.; 6 Lowndes Street, 8.W. 1.

Lines, G. H.; Richmond Hill, Cheadle, Cheshire.

Lonestarr, Tom G., M.A., M.D., F.Z.8.; Picket Hull, Ringwood,
Hants.

Low, GzorGe C., M.A., M.D., C.M., F.R.C.P., F.Z.8. (Hon. Sec. &
Treasurer); 86 Brook Street, Grosvenor Square, W. 1.

Lows,iP.;R.,»0.B.E.,, BuA., (MB, BiG. CE ZS.) (zditor of aie
‘ Bulletin’); British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell
Road, 8.W. 7.

Loyp, Lewis, R. W.; The Look-out, Branscombe, Beer 8.0., Devon.

Lucas, Nataanist S., M.B., F.Z.S.; 19 Westbourne Terrace, Hyde
Park, W. 2.

Lynes, Rear-Admiral Husert, R.N., C.B., C.M.G.; 23 Onslow
Gardens, S.W. 7.

Macxenziz, Joun M. D., B.A., C.M.Z.S. ; c/o Messrs. Thos. Cook &
Son, Rangoon, Burma.

Mackworrtu-Prarp, C. W., F.Z.S.; 51 Onslow Gardens, 8.W. 7.

Macmiiian, Captain W. E. F.; 42 Onslow Square, S.W. 7.

MoNeite, J. H.; Guards’ Club, Brook Street, W. 1.

Maeratu, Lieut.-Colonel H. A. F.; 43 Grosvenor Road, West-
minster, 8. W. 1.

Mawnnerine, Guy; Grove House, Dover.

Manson-Baur, P. H., D.S8.0.,,MiA., M.D., F.R.C.P.. F.Z.S, 39382
Weymouth Street, W. 1.

Massty, Herpert; ivy Lea, Burnage, Didsbury, Manchester.

Maruews, G. M., F.L.S., F.Z.S. ; Foulis Court, Fair Oak, Hants.

May, W. Norman, M.D.; The White House, Sonning, Berks.

MerapEe-Watpo, E. G. B., F.Z.S.; Stonewall Park, Edenbridge,
Kent.

Mernerrzuagen, Colonel R., D.S.0O., F.Z.S.; 17 Kensington Park
Gardens, W. 8.

Mernerrzpuacen, Mrs. R.; 17 Kensington Park Gardens, W. 8.

115

I20

125

130

135

140

XIII

Munn, P. W.; Puerto Alcudia, Majorca, Balearic Isles, Spain.

Mount, Henry; 10 Ashburn Place, South Kensingten, S.W. 7.

MussetwuHitt, D. W.; 7 Jessica Road, Wandsworth Common,
S.W. 18.

Nzsuam, Roserr, F.Z.8.; Utrecht House, Poynder’s Road, Clapham
Park, 8.W. 4.

Newmay, |’. H., F.Z.8S.; Verulam, Forty Lane, Wembley, Middlesex.

Nicuors, J.B.,F.Z.8.; Parliament Mansions, Victoria Street,S.W. 1.

Nicoxtt, Micuast J., F.Z.S.; Potman’s Heath, Wittersham, Kent.

OxipHam, Cuas., F.Z.S. (Committee) ; The Bollin, Shrublands Road,
Berkhamsted, Herts.

Owen, Owen R.; Bank House, Knighton, Radnorshire.

Parkin, Tuomas, M.A., F.LS., F.Z.8.; Fairseat, High Wickham,

Hastings.

Prarson, CHaRLes Kpwarp, F.L.S.; Hillcrest, Lowdham, Notting-
ham.

Prnrosz, Franos G., M.D., F.Z.8.; Rathkeale, 51 Surrey Road,
Bournemouth.

Prrsnousr, Major 8.; Loxbeare House, near Tiverton, Devon.
Pirman, Capt. C. R. S., D.S8.0., M.C., Game Warden, Entebbe,
Uganda.

Prayer, W. J. P.; Wernfadog, Clydach R.S.0., Glamorganshire.

Porpuam, Hueu Lrysporne, M.A.; Houndstreet House, Pensford,
Somerset.

Pricn, A. E., F.Z.8. ; Culverwood House, Little Berkhamsted, Herts.

Rankin, Agruur Nrartt T.; 48 Eaton Terrace, 8.W. 1.

Rarciuirr, F. R.; 29 Connaught Square, W. 2.

Reap, Rosert H.; 8a South Parade, Bedford Park, W. 4.

Ricxert, C. B., F.Z.S.; 27 Kendrick Road, Reading, Berks.

Rinerose, Bernard J.; Wilford Rise, Bromeswell Heath, Wood-
bridge, Suffolk.

Riviézre, B. B., F.R.C.S8.; St. Giles’s Plain, Norwich.

Rosinson, H. C., C.M.Z.S.; Selangor State Museum, Kuala Lumpur,
F.M.S.

Rorrr, C. H.; Brookfield, Upper Park, Loughton, Essex.

Roruscsiip, Lionst Warter—Lord, D.Se., F.R.S., Ph.D., F.Z.S.
(Chairman, 1913-1918); Tring Park, Herts.

SapswortH, Arno~p Dunr, F.Z.8.; Mulberry Cottage, 24 Elm Tree
Road, St. John’s Wood, N.W. 8.

Scrarer, Wittiam Lurvey, M.A., F.Z.8. (Chairman, 1918-1924) ;
10 Sloane Court, 8. W. 1.

145

150

155

160

165

XIV

Sconz, The Rt. Hon. Muneo Davin—Lord; Scone Palace, Perth.

Sera-Sarrn, Davin, F.Z.8.; Curator’s House, Zoological Gardens,
Regent’s Park, N.W. 8.

Seron, Sir Matcormm C. C., K.C.B.; 26 Upper Park Road, Haver-
stock Hill, N.W. 3.

Sureton, Wa., B.A., M.D.; 2 The Square, Buxton.

Stapen, Major A. G. L., M.C.; Kingswood House, The Lee, Bucks.

Smatiry, Freperic W., F.Z.8S.; The Hawthorns, 193 Clapham
Road, 8.W. 9.

Snouckarrr van Scnavusure, Baron Rune Cuartrs; c/o Mrs. R.
Ruys, 36 Frederik Hendriklaan, The Hague, Holland.

Sparrow, Col. R., C.M.G., D.S.0O., F.Z.8., F.R.G.S.; Rookwoods,
Sible Hedingham, Essex.

Starnes, J. W. C.; Portchester, Hants.

Stevens, Herserr; Clovelly, Beaconsfield Road, Tring, Herts.

Srewart, 8. F., C.1.E.; 71 Aberdare Gardens, N.W. 6.

Sroxes, Capt. H. SrrpHzn; Longdon, Rugeley, Staffordshire,

Stonrnwam, Captain H. F., O.B.E., F.E.S.; The East Surrey
Demesne, P.O. Charangani, Trans-Nzoia, Kenya Colony,
British East Africa.

Sryan, F. W., F.Z.S.; Stone Street, near Sevenoaks.

Swann, H. Krrez, F.Z.S.; Thorncombe, Lyonsdown Road, New
Barnet, Herts.

Swrynnerton, C. F. Massy; Poste Restante, Dar-es-Salaam,
Tanganyika Territory, East Africa.

Taxa-TsuxasA, H.H. Prince Nosusuxe; 106 Honmuracho, Aza-
buku, Tokyo, Japan, and 39 Kensington Park Gardens, W.11.

TatBot-Ponsonsy, C. G.; 5 Crown Office Row, Temple, E.C. 4.

Tuomas, Mrs. R. Hate ; Greenways, Sevenoaks, Kent.

THorrr, W. H.; 5 Regency Mansions, Hastings.

Ticrnurst, Craup B., M.A., M.D. (Committee); Grove House,
Lowestoft, Suffolk.

Ticrnursz, N. F., O.B.E., M.A., M.B., F.R.C.S., F.Z.S..; 24 Peven-
sey Road, St. Leonards-on-Sea.

Tucker, B. W., B.A., F.Z.S.; Caius College, Cambridge.

Turner, Miss E. L., F.Z.8.; The Half Way Cottage, 13 Storey’s
Way, Cambridge.

Torrie, Lancetot J.; Rosemount, Knock, Belfast.

Tyrwuitt-Draxt, Hues G., F.Z.S.; Cobtree Manor, Sandling,
Maidstone.

Vaizey, G. de H.; 36 St. George’s Square, 8.W.1.

170

175

180

185

190
Ig!

XV

Vatpy, E.; 27 Wimbledon Park Road, S.W.18.

Van Someren, Dr. V. G. L.; c/o Med. Depart. P.O. Box 140,
Nairobi, B. East Africa.

Vernay, A.S.; 12 East 45th Street, New York.

Vevers, G. M., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., F.Z.S.; Zoological Gardens,
Regent’s Park, N.W. 8.

Waits, Hersertr Witt1am; Superintendent of Police, Jhelum,
Punjab, India.

Watxer, Dr. A. Hors; The Common, Cranleigh.

Watuis, H. M. (Committee); Ashton Lodge, 68 Elmhurst Road,
Reading.

Wart, R.; Leafwood, Frant, Tunbridge Wells.

Wuistter, Hoen, F.Z.S.; Superintendent of Police, Simla, Punjab,
India.

Waurraxker, Josep I. 8., F.Z.8.; Malfitano, Palermo, Sicily.

Wutre, S. J., F.Z.8.; 17 Philpot Lane, E.C.3

Wuymper, Samvet Luten ; Oriental Club, Hanover Square, W. 1.

Wutrrnson, Jonnson ; Vermont, Huddersfield, Yorkshire.

Witiiamson, W. J. F., C.M.G., F.Z.8.; c/o Lloyds Bank, 6 Pall
Mall, S.W. 1.

Witson, Cuartes Josera, O.B.E., F.Z.S; 14 Suffolk Street, Pall
Mall, S.W. 1.

Wine, J.Stapen ; 21 Cheyne Gardens, Chelsea Embankment, 8. W.3.

Wirrnersy, Harry F., M.B.E., F.Z.8. (Chairman) ; 326 High Hol-
born, W.C. 1.

Wirnerineton, G.; Sumner Plat, Hayward’s Heath.

Woop, Dr. Cassy A., M.D.; c/o The Library of Ornithology,
McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Workman, Wittiam Hueuss, F.Z.8.; Lismore, Windsor, Belfast.

Worms, Cuaries pe; Milton Park, Egham, Surrey.
Wrynz, R. O.; Foulis Court, Fair Oak, Hants.

New Members for the Session.. 14
Total number of Members .... Ig1

NOTICE.
[Members are specially requested to keep the Hon. Secretary
informed of any changes in their addresses, and Members

residing abroad should give early notification of coming home
on leave. |

LIST OF AUTHORS

AND OTHER PERSONS REFERRED TO.

Page
ALEXANDER, H. G.

On the Proposed sale of Dungeness......2..0..0000e00. 99
AnnuAL DiNER one BAO) Us fle eonow.. eee en we 83
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING, PROCEEDINGS OF .....-.008, ‘ 2
Batty, W. SHORE.

Exhibition of an egg of a Peacock-Pheasant (Polypectron) . 73

Exhibition of Lantern-slides of Weaver-Finches ....... ‘ 83
BakeER, E. C. Stuart.

Description of a new form of Psaroglossa (P. spiloptera

assamensis) from the Khasia Hills ............ chelsea either « ah 14

Descriptions of three new subspecies of Oriental birds:—

Ploceus manyar peguensis, Munia malacca orientalis, and

Uroloncha striata subsquamicollis ....ccccecceecaccces aia 58
Description of a new subspecies of Weaver-bird (Lrythrura

prasina celica) from Borneo, and proposed new name ( Uro-

loncha rufiventris) for bird known as U. pectoralis Jerdon .. 84.
Descriptions of new subspecies of Finches :—Procarduelis

nipalensis intensicolor, Passer montanus tibetanus .....seeee 92
Remarks on the genus Sturnopastor and description of a

new subspecies (Sturnopastor capensis dehr@) ....cceeeees 103
Correction re Passer montanus tibetanus=P. m. obscuratus . 104

Exhibition of nests and eggs of Hemiprocne and Batra-
ChOSbOTVUB I Mie tap args 38.9 9.010 oo as oo» aia 5 ro Ea 7 104.

XVII

BALANCE-SHEET, ey o> Ce ee eee eo ne68 OCC Cee eecvanus

Bannerman, D. A.
Description of a new species of Bradornis— B. bafirawart,
foee dupe Land Peoviticd ilies. clei ek eT. cdi el ien

Binnry,G. See Jourpatn, Rev. F.C. R.

Bunyarp, P. F.
Observations on a Cuckoo depositing ege in a Wagtail’s
Oe ot RE RACE eed ae oi 282 Whee ech riilia/a 6 0s «vi ats 0 '« ole 8
Exhibition of oak-galls attacked by the Green Wood-
Peeker (Picus veridis virescens) . cca il ee E EA kaka ed

Burwer, A. L. | m
Exhibition of and remarks on a nest of Nyctibius griseus . .
Exhibition of and remarks on the rare Humming-bird
(Hodidigesia mirabuisy icici cece ean ceees bree Ey ‘

Cuancpr, Epe@ar.
Criticism of Mr. Bunyard’s remarks on the Cuckoo’s method
of depositing her eggs in the nest of the foster parent ......

CuEEsman, Major R. E.
Account of his journey, and exhibition of the species col-
lected in Arabia during the winter of 1923-24 ............

—. See TirceHursT, Dr. ©. B.

ComMiTTEE, Appointment of, to make arrangements to secure
evidence as to the method of deposition of the egg of the
SE GOGiy see cee s s, AREA ALA Sassen eaales ex <> eee tens foe

— Notice:—Method of ot oylie of the eggs of the
Common Cuckoo....... Bc rept cte ofchagale’ 0! <. dcpaile op viet ofeinre's

DELACOUR, JEAN, and JABOUILLE, PIERRE.

Descriptions of twelve new species and subspecies :—
Tropicoperdix merlini, T. coanacqui, Hierophasis imperialis,
Polyplectrum chinquis ghigtt, Sphenocercus apicaudus lower,
Micropternus brachyurus annamensis, Cyornis pallipes banner-
mani, Garrulax moniliger pasquiert, Criniger tephrogenys
annumensis, Mixornis kinneari, Cissa chinensis klossi, and
Atthopyga siparaja mangint from French Indo-China ......

WOL. XLV. b

41

12

1138

111

40

40

XVIII

DeELAcOUR, JEAN. See ScuatER, W. L.
DuyeEennss, Proposed sale of ....0-2). 02 is cw cpniae nals a

GitBerT, Capt. H. A. See SuapEen, Major A. G. L.

Gieae, W. E.

Exhibition of Lantern-slides of birds from the Camargue..

Gopon, SETON.
Exhibition of Lantern-slides of the Golden Eagle

Hacutsuxa, Hon. Masavgt1.

Exhibition on behalf of Prince N. Taka-Tsukasa of an
example of Pseudotadorna cristata ......... Seetets is sie na

Hartert, Dr. E.

Description of a new species from Madagascar (Neomixis
flavoviridis)

eeceeevveeveeveee eo HMAeeseeeevseeve eee eeeeseeeee ee ee o

Exhibition and description of a new subspecies of Desert
Lark (Ammomanes deserti paynt)

Description of a new subspecies of Hornbill (Rhyticeros
plicatus mendane) from the Solomon Islands........ pjimoniet

Remarks on Pseudotadorna cristata ........ 4

Proposed new name Oriolus chinensis macassariensis for
O. c. meridionalis Hartert (preoccupied) .......

ee€oeeeeoe @

—. See Rotuscuixp, Lord.

Hrneston, Major R. G.

Exhibition of Lantern-slides of the Mount Everest Expe-
dition 1923-24

JABOUILLE, PIERRE, See DELACOUR, JEAN,

JouRDAIN, Rev. F. C. R.

Exhibition on behalf of Mr. G. Binney of eggs of the
Ivory Gull (Pagophila eburnea) from Spitzbergen .

escotovee

Remarks on the Cirl Bunting as a foster-parent of the
Capon men nmin tise.» nih > aos sis riecttink Siieeiiete pin ’y qn ee

Remarks on oak-galls attacked by the Green Woodpecker ,

Page

99

83

83

46

35

36

46
48

90

60

12

12
114

XIX

Kinnear, N. B.
Remarks on some Indian birds with proposed new names :—
Timalia pileata intermedia and Pnoepyga albiventer pallidior

Descriptions of new races of birds from Tonkin :—Scheni-
parus rufogularis stevensi, Thringorhina guttata diluta, and
Drymocataphus tickelli olivaceus ...cee.. ce eaes ce ters Oe

Exhibition of two specimens of a Ruby-throat ( Calliope
Peavey frOm! DOWRIMEMROCU e722. beet we ces see cee nn eee’
Exhibition and description of a new form of Swallow
(Hirinvodaurica vernayt) from Siam... .. 1.6. ee cee eee -

Correction re Garrulax pectoralis subsuffusa and Tephro-
CREPES VETIOYY 6 .. oinin > » che sso a'eis-ein yee 6 Ae ee Sere

Descriptions of new. races of birds from Tonkin—Turdi-
nulus epilepidotus, Actinodura ramsayt minor, Turdinulus
brevicaudatus stevensi, Yuhina gularis sordidiwr, and Mesia

MEETS PUBL OGUIOIES: «55 x wiigaie tno: akeichsldis a sleiwlelalehe ®ve vis ‘

Correction re Tephrodornis gularis annectens Robinson and

NETL yey ee ee kilos cued vee ater.

Descriptions of new subspecies (Zephrodornis gularis
latouchet and Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus intermedius) from

oT LSETE eget ala 0G Mi ES ele oe i ae a A :

Kvropa,'N.
Descriptions of three new races from the Kurile Islands,
Hokkaido, and Formosa :-—Lagopus mutus kurilensis, Passer
rutilans kikuchit, and Certhia familaris ernstt ... 0.6 cece

Low, Dr. G. C.
Exhibition of a series of skins of the Dunlin (Cah Tris
alpina alpina) and remarks on the validity of C. a. schinziv..

Mower, Dr. P. R.
Remarks on a Peacock-Pheasant (Polyplectron)..........4

Description of a new subspecies of Shearwater (Pu/ffinus
meerncus wiitney:) from Fiji [sland cave vec is ci ete a elecees

Lynus, Admiral H.
An account of his ornithological journey in the Sots
COUMan yecmmOUtr ALOTOULO, i. ceive set ee eos ee nae

Page

10

int

27

28

73

105

40

106

xX

MaruEws, G. M

Description of a new Manucode from Cape York (Phony-
GAMMUS YOrKi). 0. serarveeves Sac iatakey arena teieeata kona ater a ng

Froposed new names :—Lthelornis mouki keri, Mastersornis
ruficolis gouldt, and Gelochelidon nilotica cloatest ...

Proposed the new generic name Philesturnus for the Saddle-
back of New Zealand)... sj.../<i.. mole mies ota lajer's (50 ls ae

Proposed new names (Monarcha cinerascens nova and
Zosterops lateralis mugga) and new genera (Piezormona,
Hylocitrea, Graucasoma, and Duyvena) ....

eoececeeeo ee te eee es

Nomenclatural notes:—Rorotonga, Mohohina, Pseudo-
moho, Magumma, Gummyza, Devieca, Addeca, Trocheliyone,
Pachyctlodryas, Cryptigata, Monarchalba, Monarcharses,
Lorimonarcha, Chloromanarcha, Neopomarea, Proceriolotes,
Calliptilus vailianti, nom, nov., and Alphaphilemon, gg. nn...

Nomenclatural notes:—Turdus ruficeps Ramsay to re-
place Merula bicolor Layard; Lamprolia [victoria] kline-
smithi Ramsay to replace Lamproha minor Layard; and
Xanthotis chrysotis Lesson to replace X. flaviventer

Nomenclatural notes :—Manucorax and Chlamygama,
go. nn.; Broderipus chinensis rieyt, nom. Nov. .... es

MEINFRTZHAGEN, Mrs.

Remarks on Turdus coburnt .......00. ;

O_pHAM, C,

Remarks on oak-galls attacked by the Lesser Spotted
Woodpecker
Pixs, OLIVER G.

Exhibition of a cinema-film of the Cuckoo and a series of
Cinema pictures of birds in flight shown in slow motion ..
Rankin, A. N. T.

Exhibition of Lantern-slides of birds from Spitzbergen

RorTuscui.p, Lord.

Hixhibition of Centropus violaceus from New Ireland

eeeee

Exhibition of a “ Hairy Moorhen”

Proposed new name (Muscicapa collini) for M. blythi,
Roths. (preoccupied) ......

Page

l'y’g
41

75

86

93

98

114

83

83

90

XXI

RoTuscHILD, Lord, and Hartert, Dr. E.
Description of two new species from New Ireland (Domi-
cella albidinucha and Philemon eichhornt) ..cccccesecees aie

Rotss, Alteration of..... aanatete ease. 7 estes Janu Annem tele

ScriateR, W. L.

Vote of thanks to, on retirement as Chairman .........4.

Remarks on the races of the Red-winged Starling (Onycho-
gnathus morio), with figures of heads .........e.seeeeeees

On the validity of Oreomyzas riist Hartl. ..........00. ,

Observations on the genus Pedilorhynchus, with description
of a new subspecies (P. comitatus aximensis) ......000. .

Revision of the genus Batis, with a key to the species ..

, on behalf of M. Jean Detacour, exhibited some eggs of
Mierophasis edwardst ...... eee toe Oreo Fie vole odes

Seru-Smiru, D.

Exhibition of Lantern-slides of the nuptial display of the
Argus Pheasant ...... CSIP Rite SMa siete a

SLADEN, Major A. G. L.

Election of, to the Committee ...... ‘

Exhibition, on behalf of Capt. A. GitBErt, of photographs
of the Golden Plover in breeding-plumage...... .

SroNEHAM, Capt. H. F.

Descriptions of new races of African birds:—Tchitrea
albiventris, Gymnorhis pyrgita kakamarie, Eremomela
Jlaviventris sudane, E. f. sahare, and £. f. karamojensis ;
and remarks on Ortolus monachus and Hyphantornis
RCA PE err MEM dh cede Aa5 wien a) 6 dia, 6's Fy anise ley ew eLd/R wd

Susukin, Prof. P. P.

Exhibition and remarks on coloured photographs of Falco
altuicus Menzb. :

© ee oC Ce € COG 8. 6g COG 66.6 6, BK. O70 6) 6.0.0.6 .0. 0 6 6,4 0-2-0

Résumé of the taxonomical results of his morphological
study of the Fringillide and allied groups, with illustrations
of the soft palates of Carpodacus erythrinus, Passer domes-
ticus, and Emberiza citrinella ... sce. cecee

Page

83

59

76

18

36

XXIT

SuSHKIN, Prof. P. R. (cont.).
Exhibition of eges collected by himself in the Altai and

IWdMion alia. cx... .r es oye cide eae nm ee 2d ‘
Exhibition of specimens of Budytes flava leucocephala and
Leucoshicte: Mar garvrvlacea. sce e's sees eee esasces ate 9 os ‘

Swann, H. Kirke.
Exhibition, on behalf of Dr. Caszy Woop, of a series of
Fruit-Pigeons fromibigi.. (aaa aleth ee haan thee .

On the races of the Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaétos) ....
Remarks on the races of Gypaétus barbatus ..... cece cee

Exhibition and remarks on a Tawny Kagle (Aquila rapax
cullens stromRumamids ii.’ , eis cette ee aame twine stes bese s

Taka-Tsukasa, Prince N. See Hacuisuxa, Hon. Masavst.

Ticenvrst, Dr. C. B.
Election of, to the Committee .........scccceens gio easel

, and CHEESMAN, Major R. E.
Descriptions of new races from Central Arabia :—Prinia
gracilis hufuye, Passer domesticus hufufe, and Ammomanes

POSCHEL WIE ais dic Sada he Re he Ob eee

Description of a new subspecies of Finch-Lark (Pyrrhu-
lauda grisea stecata) from Deca, an sic t--\ sedetietey eens one

Exhibition and remarks on Redwings from ‘Iceland..... ‘

Remarks on the Bearded Reedling (Panurus biarmicus) ..

WHISTLER, HuGu.
Description of a new subspecies of Firecap (Cephalopyrus
flammiceps saturatus) from Native Sikkim..............-.

WirTHERBY, H. F.
ection ol, as Chairman sieve shies ic cints a Geet os Meee

Exhibition of a Spotted Flycatcher collected at Bitye,
BV es irdets fi betelcs ck iiies cutee ei. tet aon ate BD testo

Chairman’s Annual Address ...........0ee00¢ Saas 08 oe aaah

Exhibition of portions of egg-shells of the Common Snipe
(Capella gallinago) taken at Chaves, N. Portugal ........

Woop, Dr. Casgy. See Swann, H. Kirke,

Page

39

40

18
64
84

110

RS)

110

a 7
“3 nt?
a
an 2 ree

3 = Novio24

ae — , iS 4 ;
A... *RULLETIN
¢ * 7 : , f} Rs

SUR A Luis OF THE

PeltisH -ORNI-EHOLOGISTS’: CLUB.
No. CCXC.

Tae two-hundred-and-eighty-sixth Meeting of the Club
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48, Great Portland
Street, W.,on Wednesday, October 8th, 1924.

Chairman: H. F. WITHERBY.

Members present: —W. Suore Batty; H. C. Stuart
Baker; D. A. Bannerman; H. B. Bootu; C. D. Borrnmr ;
G. Brown; P. F. Bunyarp; A. L. Butter; R. HE. CHess-
MAN; Capt. H. L. Cocurane, R.N.; Major-Gen. Sir Percy
Cox; Col. A. Detm#-Ratctirre; Major 8S. 8. Flower ;
The Hon. Masavst Hacuisuka; Dr. E. Hartert; Dr. E.
Hopkinson; L. M. Jopiinc; Rev. F. C. R. Jourpain ;
N. B. Kinnear; G. C. Lampert; Dr. G. C. Low (Hon.
Sec. & Treas.); Dr. P. R. Lown (Editor) ; J. H. McNett ;
ft.-Col. H. A. F. Macrata; G. Mannerineg; Dr. P.
Mawnson-Baur ;s G. M. Matuews sy E.G. B. Mrape-Wa.po;
Col. & Mrs. MernerrzHacen ;x H. Mount; T. H. Newman;
C. OtpHAm; C. E. Pearson; ©. B. Rickert; Lord Roru-
SCHILD; W. L. Scuater; D. Seru-Smira; Major A. G. L.
SLADEN; H. Kirke Swann; W. H. Tuorre; G. de H.

{ October 29th, 1924.1 a VOL, XLy.

Vol. xlv.] 2

Vaizey; H. W. Warre; H. M. Wauuis; H. Waistier ;
W. J. F. Wittiamson sy J. ShAapEN Wine; W. H. Work-
MAN; C. de Worms. ;

Guests :—Prince Taxa-Tsukasa ; Capt. D. Ape, Smiru;
Capt. H. 8. Sroxes ; Professor P. P. SusHKin.

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING.

Tis was held at Pagani’s Resturant, Great Portland
Street, immediately preceding the dinner,

Mr. W. L. Scuavrer in the Chair.

The Minutes of the last General Meeting were read and
confirmed.

The Balance Sheet, which had already been printed and
circulated, was laid before the Meeting. This was duly
passed. Major SLADEN proposed a vote of thanks to the
Treasurer for the very satisfactory nature of the balance at
the Bank, and said that the finances of the Club now seemed
to be on a sound basis.

Mr. H. F. WirHersy, recommended by the Committee for
tle post of Chairman, in place of Mr. W. L. Sclater whose
time of office had expired, was unanimously elected.

Dr. C. B. Ticrnurst and Mr. Cuartes OLDHAM were
elected members of the Committee in place of Major Sladen
and Colonel Stephenson R. Clarke, who retired this year
through seniority.

A proposal from the Committee that the tenure of the
Chairmanship should be reduced from five to three years was,
after some discussion, agreed to. The Secretary was in-
structed to change the Rules to this effect.

The CHAIRMAN mentioned that the Committee had discussed
a letter received by the Hon. Secretary from the Rev. J. R.
Hale as to the possibility of acquiring a room where Members
could meet each other and consult current literature. <A
discussion, in which several Members took part, arose as to —
the desirability of such a step. Finally, Major Sladen
proposed, and Mr. Kinnear seconded, that the Hon. See.

[ Vol. xlv.

"2WO]UN0DIOP pasagLoYyD ‘e°O'G ‘NOGNOT
‘HLUOMSEA “H MACAW “LHAULY AIUNONVY OF
“UPMOrOT] soUVpTOSOV UT oq 07 ommes AIGA100 Aqoroy pur ‘“FZGT ‘tequiajdag oy,
porsed at 1oz qniO systSojoy WAG YSyIIg eT} Jo sdoyonoA pur ‘sydrevaa ‘syooq OU} TFTA JUeMIE}v}s SULOde10} oY} poavduod oavy T S

EEE EE eee ee ee eee ee ae

ae IL PL LESF
0b ot "+ yordraosqng sseoxd jo punyoy “
6m a Si rs

ou 1 “8 aOnseeT], jOspasy ur ="

6 Fl Zls Poe eeercerescovrces yuregq spoT 48 yseg 66
rg tereeerreres Noose AyaI0g [vaIsoTooZ ‘

@) c Pp Cer esereoresececercenecs n2'0'9 T}TAM Il II OF POP e eee o re eH enesennoneee urjol[Ug Jo so[g “
Iauul(] [VNUUY LoJ UtojueyT Jo oarpy “ as ee

Hy 8 sreeeesrereroeees gosuodxy SnooUry O 4 96L “ StaquIayT JQT—suordraosqng “
“[O0SIP. pus ‘esuysog ‘yseg Aqog ‘
0 0 8I_ ‘‘sdeqtaosqng meyr Aq soeq couuaquat “
° 9 ZIT tristessesseessesesssereeesrereers Togg
“nqiy4siq, ulayng pue suoyvonqug sg 0 9I 26 PAVBMIOF FQSnOIqG—yueg ye courleg oy,
eo ae se Saag: YE 2

"FC6L SIE gsnbny 07 powad lof JuUaUlaqnjy joimuDULT

‘dNTO SLISIOOTIOHLINYO HSILIUd

Vol. xlv.] 4

should be empowered to make enquiries as to the possibility
of obtaining such a room, the price of same, and other details,
and that, if necessary, a Special General Meeting of the Club
should be called to discuss the matter. This was agreed to.

Mr. G. M. Maruews proposed and Dr. P. R. LowEseconded
a very hearty vote of thanks to the retiring Chairman,
Mr. W. L. Sclater, for the able manner in which he had
filled the post and for the keen interest he had always shown
in the affairs of the Club. This was carried with acclamation.

The Meeting then adjourned to Dinner.
Committee, 1924-25.

a

F. Wirnersy, Chairman (elected 1924).
. Lown, Editor (elected 1920). |
C. Low, Hon. Sec. § Treasurer (elected 1923).
A. BANNERMAN (elected 1922).
M. Wat is (elected 1923).
B. Ticeuurst (elected 1924).
OupuHAmM (elected 1924).

P.
Ge
D.
HH.
C.
C.

Proceedings at the Meeting following the Dinner.

The CHAIRMAN gave a résumé of the proceedings of the
General Meeting, and expressed his appreciation of the honour
which had been done him in electing him to the Chair.

The CHAIRMAN made sympathetic reference to Mr. C.
Chubb, whose death had already been announced in the
‘Bulletin,’ and to Mr. W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, who died on
July 26. He stated that, although Mr. Ogilvie-Grant had
retired from active ornithology, owing to his illness, since
1916, he was well remembered by many of the members, who
greatly deplored his death. He was an original member of -
the Club, joining at its inception in 1892 and retiring from
it in 1918, and contributed largely to its proceedings,
making many interesting communications and exhibitions.
He succeeded Dr. Bowdler Sharpe as editor of the ‘ Bulletin’
in 1904 and acted in that capacity for ten years.

5 [ Vol. xlv.

Mr. Wiruersy exhibited a Spotted Flycatcher which he
had received in exchange from Mr. G. L. Bates, who had
collected it at Bitye, West Africa, on April 23,1921. This
bird exhibited all the characteristics of Muscicapa striata
balearica, which was the breeding bird of the Balearic
Islands, and had been described by Dr. von Jordans in
‘Falco, 1913, p. 43. Mr. Witherby exhibited a specimen
from Mallorca for comparison. It was quite a good form,
with the stripes on the forehead whiter, the upper parts
paler, and the streaks on the breast finer and sparser than in
the typical form. So far as he knew, the bird had not
previously been recorded outside its breeding territory, but
he had found a specimen in the British Museum also collected
by Mr. Bates on the River Ja on October 28, 1907, which
appeared to belong to this form.

Mr. W. L. Scuarer made the following remarks. upon
the Redwing-Starling, Onychognathus morio :—

The Redwing-Starling has a wide distribution in Africa
from Nigeria and Abyssinia to the Cape. In the forest
country of Western Africa it is replaced by O. fulgidus and
in the dry country of South-west Africa by O. nabouroup,
but these are better regarded as distinct species.

An examination of the large series of O. morio leads me
to consider that it may be divided into the following races :—

O. m. Morio [| Zurdus morio Linneus, Syst. Nat. 12th ed.
i. p. 297, 1766: Cape of Good Hope].

Wing of male averaging 140 mm.; tail 135; bill slender,
about 29 mm. from base , culmen i tip.

Range. Africa south of the Zambesi, except the S.W.
African Protectorate and Little Namaqualand.

O. M. SHELLEYI | Amydrus shelleyt Hartert, Cat. Vogel-
samm. Mus. Senck. p. 75, 1891: Ugogo].

Wing of male averaging 155 mm. ; tail 150; bill distinctly
stouter, but hardly longer.

Range. Kenya Colony, Tanganyika Territory and Nyasa-
land.

Vol. xlv.] 6

O. uw. RUEPPELLI [Amydrus rueppelli Verreaux in Chenu,
Encycl. Méth. v. p. 166, 1856: Abyssinia].

Wing of male averaging 160 mm.; tail 160-170; bill
longer, about 31.

Range. Confined to Highlands of Abyssinia, ranging east
to the Ogaden country.

O..M. NEUMANNI [ Amydrus neumanni Alexander, Bull.
B. 0. C. xxiii. p. 41, 1908: Petti, N. Nigeria].

Wing 155 mm.; tail 155; bill short, stout, and very deep ;
with a rounded and ridged culmen, about 30 mm.

Range. Northern Nigeria and the Banso Mts. in N.
Cameroon east through Darfur to the Nile Valley, where
the birds are intermediate between this and O. m. shelleyi.

O.m. MonTANus [Amydrus montanus van Someren, Bull.
B. 0. C. xl. p. 52, 1919: Mt. Hlgon, at 9000 ft.).

Billg of: (a) O. m. morio, Durban ; (t) O. m. shelleyi, Ugogo ; (ce) O. m.
montanus, Mt. Elgon; (d) O. m. neumanni, N. Nigeria; (e) O. m.
rueppellt, Abyssinia. All approximately natural size.

Wing 160mm. ; tail 154; billlong and very slender, quite

different in shape to that of the other races, about 34 mm.

7 [ Vol. xlv.

Range. Confined, so far asis known, to the higher elevations
of Mt. Elgon at 9000 and 10,000 ft. Of this curiously
isolated race I have only seen the type in the Tring Museum.
Examples from the base of Mt. Elgon, obtained by Kemp and
now in the British Museum, must be referred to O. m.
shelleyt.

In order to illustrate the remarkable variation in the bills
of the various races, I have had the sketches made by Mr.
Grénvold, which show this more closely than any description.

Lord Roruscuinp and Dr. Ernst Harrert described a
new species of Lory and Honey-Hater from New Ireland,
from whence the Tring Museum has received a collection

made by Albert I’. Hichhorn, as follows :—

Domicella albidinucha, sp. nov.

Male and female ad. Entire crown to eyes glossy black,
behind the black crown a triangular whitish patch, the
feathers being creamy white at the tip, brownish yellow in
the middle, and greyish black at the utmost base. Back,
rump, tail-coverts, sides of head and neck, and entire under-
side scarlet-red, middle of the back darker, more crimson,
feathers of the jugulum yellow at base. Scapulars, upper
wing-coverts, and outer webs of wing-quills grass-green,
inner webs of the latter black with a large bright yellow
patch in the middle, occupying about one-half to two-thirds
of the web. Rectrices dark green, nearly the basal half
dark red, but utmost base again dark green; under aspect
of tail yellowish. Bend of wing light violet-blue, tips of the
feathers lavender. Under wing-coverts red, longest series
black. Bill “yellowish red,” sometimes “bright red,”
utmost base of upper mandible and surroundings of nostrils
black. Feet black. Iris “brownish red, brownish yellow,
reddish yellow, dull yellow.” Wings, ¢ 156-162, ? 152-
156 mm.

Hab. Hills on 8.W. coast of New Ireland.

Type. & ad. 16.xi.1923. Albert F. Hichhorn coll. No.
8777.

Vol. xlv. | 8

This striking new species appears te stand quite by itself.
Its nearest in appearance is Domucella hypoinochroa, which,
in the form Domicella hypoinochroa devittata Hart. is a
common bird in New Ireland. It differs, however, in many
points, especially in the following :—It is considerably
larger ; the base of the upper mandible is red like the rest
of the bill, not black ; the feathers on the sides of the neck
are stiffened and streaky in appearance; the belly, thighs,
and under tail-coverts are purplish black, not uniform with
the breast; there are no yellow bases to the feathers of the
juguium; the bend of the wing is deep bluish green, not
light blue and lavender; in the middle of the back is a
darker saddie; the tail is greenish or bluish black, not
erass-green.

Philemon eichhorni, sp. nov.

Male ad. Upperside sepia-brown, crown less dark, just
behind the crown a white ring, caused by white tips to the
feathers. ‘Tips of rectrices white, wider on the inner webs
and on the outer feathers (on the inner web 12 to 20 mm.),
narrower on the central pairs (5 to 7 mm.). Wings like
tail and back. Underside a little lighter brown, each fea-
ther, except on the uniform lower abdomen, with a greyish-
white edge, producing a more or less scaly appearance.
Under wing-coverts widely edged with white, inner webs of
inner quills with white edges on basal half. Under tail-
coverts widely edged with white all round. “ Bill black.
Iris dark brown. Feet slaty blue.” Wings 147-150 mm. ;
tail 126-132 ; culmen 23-46.

? ad. Like male, but much smaller, wings 135-139 mm.

Hab. Hills on 8.W. coast of New Ireland.

Type. & ad. 22.1.1924. Albert EF. Hichhorn coll. No.
8981. ;

This species seems to have no near ally. It differs widely ©
from Phil. nove-guinee cockerelli of New Britain in being
smaller, having a white nuchal collar, white tips to the
rectrices and feathers of the underside. Named after its
collector.

9 [ Vol. xlv.

Lord Roruscuitp also exhibited a specimen of the rare
and large Centropus violaceus from New Ireland, which in
size surpassed the other two large species, Centropus goliath
and C. milo. It apparently has not hitherto been recorded
from New Ireland proper.

Lord Rotuscuitp further exhibited a peculiar variety of
the Moorhen, popularly known as the “ Hairy Moorhen,”
and called attention to the fact that in this variety abnormal
coloration was always connected with the aberrant dis-
integrated structure of the feathers.

Mr. N. B. Kinnear made the following remarks on Indian
Birds :— :

In the 2nd edition of the ‘Fauna of British India’ the
Burmese Red-capped Babbler is called Zimalia pileata
jerdom Walden, A. M.N.H. (4) x. p. 61, July 1872, and the
type-locality is said to be Pegu. This, however, is a mistake,
as Lord Walden’s bird came from the Khasia Hills, and the
name is therefore a pure synonym of 7. p. bengalensis
Godwin-Austen, J.A.S.B. xli. 2, p. 143, June 1872, also
from the same locality. I therefore propose to call the
Burmese bird

Timalia pileata intermedia,

and designate as type a male from Tonghoo, collected by
R. G. Wardlaw Ramsay, 19th December, 1874, Brit. Mus.
Reg. No. 88. 4. 20. 938.

In the Ist and 2nd editions of the ‘ Fauna of British India’
the Scaly-breasted Wren of the Himalayas is called Pnoepyga
squamata Gould, Icones Avium, part i., Aug. 1837, but this
is antedated by P. albiventer Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc.
Bengal, Feb. 1837.

Both the authors of these editions state that in the male
the underside is white, while in the female it is bright
fulvous. These differences are not, however, sexual, as I
have examined two white-breasted females from Sikkim and
one from Kulu, as well as five adult and immature males

with fulvous breasts from the Punjab Himalayas, while two
aod

Vol: xilve] ow pees

females, one from Dharmsala and another from Mt. Victoria,

Chin Hills, are intermediate and have white throats and pale

fulvous breasts. It would appear therefore, as was suggested
to me by Mr. H. Whistler, that this bird is dimorphic.

In addition to skins to illustrate the above remarks, two
young specimens in the brown juvenile plumage are shown,
in which the feathers of the adult are appearing on the
breast, in the one white and the other fulvous.

Specimens of this bird from the western Himalayas can
be distinguished from Eastern birds. Hodgson’s type came
from Nepal, and Gould’s P. squamata, the type of which is in
the British Museum, is also the eastern form, so that a new
name will be required for the western bird, and I propose

- Pnoepyga albiventer pallidior, nom. nov.

Differs from the typical bird in the colour of the upper
surface, which is dark olive instead of dark umber in both
forms, and by the paler colouring below in the rufous form.

Type in the British Museum, ¢ Dharmsala, Punjab,
4000 ft., lst Dec., 1921. H. Whistler Coll., Reg. No. 1924.
1029. a:

Distribution. Garwhal to Dharmsala.

Ols. I have to thank Lord Rothschild and Messrs.
H. Stevens and H. Whistler for the loan of specimens in
working out this bird.

Mr. Kinnear further described three new races of -birds
obtained by Mr. H. Stevens in Tonkin, where he had been

collecting through the aid of the Godman Fund for the
British Museum :—

. Scheniparus rufogularis stevensi.

Distinguished from S. rufogularis rufogularis principally
by the colour of the underside, which instead of being: pure
white is washed with yellowish-olive. The collar across the
throat is yellower and less rust-coloured, and not so sharply
defined, while the superciliary line is washed with buff
instead of pure white, the ear-coverts are darker and the
throat white with a strong rusty tinge.

It j [ Vol. xlv.

The white throat and breast and paler upperside distinguish
this form from S. 7. major Baker.

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Bao Ha, Tonkin, 22nd
Oct., 1923. H. Stevens Coll., No. 1. Brac specimens
examined.

* Thringorhina guttata diluta.

Similar to 7. g. guttata Blyth from Tenasserim and Siam,
but darker and wanting the rufous wash. The ear-coverts
are grey instead of brownish-grey and the rusty-red of the
underside is much paler and mixed with olive-brown,
especially on the flanks and under tail-coverts. The white
of the throat runs into the rusty-red of the upper breast .and
is not so sharply defined as in 7. guttata.

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Thai Nien, Tonkin,
23rd Feb.,1924. H. Stevens Coll., No. 159. Hight specimens
examined,

Range. Thai Nien and Bao Ha, Tonkin.

. Drymocataphus tickelli olivaceus.
Closely allied to D. ¢. tickelii Blyth, from Amherst,
- Tenasserim, but more olive instead of olive-buff on the upper-
side and flanks, and paler on the under tail-coverts ; also the
under surface much less buff.

From D. t. assamensis Sharpe this form is distinguished by
the olive colour and paler underside.

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Bao Ha, Tonkin,
dLst Oct., 1923. H. Stevens Coll., No. 22. Five specimens
examined.

Notse.—A bird from Daban, 8. Annam, collected by Kloss,

is intermediate, but rather nearer this form than the typical.

Mr. N. B. Kinnear also exhibited two skins of a Ruby-
throat, Calliope davidi, from the Chumbi Valley, Southern
Thibet. ‘These specimens were obtained by Major Hingston
the medical officer to the Mt. Everest Expedition on 11th
and 19th May of this year before entering Thibet proper,
This little-known species was deseribed by Oustalet from
Ta-chien-lu, and it has been recorded from the Tsin-ling
Mts., Szechuan, and N.W. Yunnan in July, August, and .
September.

Vol. xlv. | 12

The Rev.-F. C. R. Jourpain exhibited on behalf of
Mr. G. Binney a series of 16 eggs of the Ivory Gull
(Pagophila eburnea), taken in July and August 1924 in
North-East Land, Spitzbergen. Owing to the inaccessibility
of their breeding-haunts, the eggs have seldom been taken
since Malmgren obtained the first two specimens at Murchison
Bay in 1861. Most nests contained only a single egg.

Mr. JouRDAIN also called attention to a statement by
Mr. Bunyard in the Bull. B. O. C., xliv. p. 99, that he had
failed to trace any previous ranowtl of the Cirl Bunting as
fosterer of the Cuckoo (in the British Isles). In a paper on
““The Cuckoo’s Foster Parents,” published in Kirkman’s
British Bird Book, 1. p. 400, reference will be found to two
well-authenticated records of this fosterer by Mr. C. B.
Wharton, details of which are given in the ‘Zoologist,’ 1882,
p: 265.

Mr. P. F. Bunyarp gave a résumé of the more important —
events observed while watching a Cuckoo deposit an egg in a
Wagtail’s nest, and said :—

The results of my interesting experience in witnessing a
Cuckoo deposit her egg in the nest of a Pied Wagtail will
shortly appear in popular form in a London publication.

I propose on this occasion to give only a brief résumé of
the more important points brought to light on that occasion.
On Tuesday, June 24th, 1924, I received a telephone message
from Mr. Scholey to say that he had two female Cuckoos
under observation in the now-famous chalk-quarry at Cliffe-
at-Hoo, Kent (both of which Mr. Scholey was certain were
birds of the previous year), and that he expected one of them
to deposit her fourth egg in the previously located nest of
the Pied Wagtail at about 5 p.m. on Thursday, the 26th.

The nest was situated in an oblong heap of flints (a
characteristic site for this quarry), and contained two eggs.
At 3.15 Mr. Scholey, Mr. H. Turner, the photographer, and
I entered the hide, which had been placed in position the
previous morning, exactly 12 feet from the Wagtail’s nest.
At 3.42 one of the Wagtails arrived, went on to the nest, and

ile [ Vol. xlv.

came off again, at 3.43 she again went on and was not again
seen.

At 4.5 the Cookoo arived at the left-hand end of the pile
of flints and was now in full view to those in the hide. After
remaining almost motionless for some considerable time, she
walked or rather floundered about the flints endeavouring to
locate the entrance to the nest. Hesitating and looking
round to see that all was clear, she made repeated dives
into the hole, finally disappearing, leaving only the tip of
the tail in view.

In this position she remained fifty seconds, the tip of the
tail suddenly disappeared, she then turned completely round
and came out head first, experiencing considerable difficulty
in extricating herself.

Previous to the operation of depositing she appeared much
distressed, and the beak was held open. Afterwards there
was a distinct violent quivering of the throat, which I consider
was due to the relaxation and contraction of the muscles due
to the strain imposed thereon during the process of re-
eurgitation. At 4.27 she went right away without making
a note of any description.

She remained exactly 100 seconds by the nesting-hole,
50 of which were occupied in depositing, remaining 1n view
to those in the hide 22 minutes.

Mr. Bunyarp gave the following reasons which had con-
vinced him that the Cuckoo’s egg had been swallowed and
regurgitated :—

(1) When the Cuckoo arrived I noticed that the mouth
was held continually open, as though she was experiencing
some difficulty in breathing.

(2) A distinct distention of the throat was noticeable just
below the level of the shoulder and which was quite absent
after depositing.

(3) The quivering of the throat, as already mentioned.

(4) The distance from the entrance to the actual nest was
fourteen inches ; the tip of the tail was in view the whole |
time she was depositing (the length of the Cuckoo is about

Vol. xlv.] 14

13"), so that it was impossible for her to have gone on
to the nest to lay in the normal way.

(5) On blowing the eggs the following day I found the two
Wagtails’ quite fresh, but on blowing the Cuckoo’s, I was
astonished to find that 2 was not fresh. The white was
cloudy and the yolk was congealed, and I had some difficulty
in extracting it. Judging from the condition of the contents,
Iam of the opinion that this egg had been lying in the sun
for two or three days, which confirms my previously expressed
opinion that a Cuckoo will store an egg pending the finding
of a suitable nest. In my opinion this proves conclusively
that the egg was not laid into the nest in the normal way, as
birds do not lay stale eggs. 3

This Cuckoo deposited four eggs, which I exhibit with
those of their respective foster-parents. On two occasions she
removed a foster-parent’s egg, and on two occasions they
were left intact. The lateness of the season when she
commenced to deposit, 2. ¢. June 20th, may account for the
small clutch and possibly also for the fact that she was an
immature bird.

Mr. &. ©. Stuart Baxer described the following new
form of Psaroglossa :—

Psaroglossa spiloptera assamensis, subsp. nov.

Similar to P. s. sptloptera, but deeper and more richly
coloured both above and below in both sexes. In the male
the grey centres to the feathers of the back are bolder and
the margins blacker and less brown.

Colours of soft parts and measurements as in P. s.
spiloptera.

Distribution. Eastern Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam, the
Burmese Hills to Tenasserim, Shan States, Yunnan, Annam,
Cochin China, and South-west Siam.

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Khasia Hills. Tweed-
dale Collection, Reg. No. 88.9.20.469.

Obs. The type-loeality of P. s. spiloptera is “ Himalayas,”
restricted to “ Simla-Almora” by 'Ticehurst and Whistler.

15 [ Vol. xlv.

Mr. Hue WHiIsTLeR communicates the following new
species of Firecap :—

Cephalopyrus flammiceps saturatus, subsp. nov.

The male differs from the typical race (type-locality
** Himalayas,” now restricted to “‘ Mussoorie ’’) in the darker
more saturated green of the upper parts; in having the red
cap of the typical form reduced to a mere frontal band about
four millimetres wide, and the orange-red on the lower
surface restricted to the chin and throat. The rest of the
underparts are greener and darker than in the typical race.

The female differs from the typical race in the darker
more saturated green of the upper parts ; while the lower
parts are also slightly darker.

Measurements: wings, ¢ 57-59") mm. (7 specimens), ?
55'5-59'5 mm. (3 specimens), as against @ 58°5-64 mm.
(12 specimens), 2 958:5-62 mm. (8 specimens) in C. ff.
jlammiceps.

Hab. Native Sikkim, Bhutan Duars, Buxar Duars.

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Native Sikkim, March
1878 (Mandell). Reg. no. 86.11.1.644.

Mr. Kuropa sent the following description of three races of
birds from the Kurile Islands, Hokkaido, and Formosa, which
he considers to be worthy of nomenclatural distinction :—

Lagopus mutus kurilensis, subsp. nov.

? Blakiston & Pryer, Trans. Asiat. Soc.
Japan, vol. x. pt. 1. p. 128 (1882—“Sumshu or Pervi,”’
N. Kuriles. A winter example).

Lagopus sp.? Stejneger, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. xxi.
p- 285 (1898—‘ Shumshu,” N. Kuriles. Ex Blakiston «&
eryer). 4

Lagopus mutus subsp.? Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. iii.
p. 1870 (1921—North-eastern Asia: Kamtschatka, Lena,
Yenisei, Baikal, Altai, Tarbagatai Mt., etc.).

Dagnosis. Decidedly different from Lagopus mutus japo-
nicus Clark, of Hondo, Japan, in the summer plumage of
both sexes. The male is darker and less brownish, while
the female is paler and more rusty-yellow than in the Hondo —
form. Moreover, the wing is on an average longer, while

Lagopus

Vol. xlv. | 16

that of the male ‘not rarely measures over 200 mm. instead
of 190-200 mm. as in the same sex of L. m. japonicus
(9 specimens including young examined).

Type. 6 ad. in summer plumage, in N. Kuroda oll.,
no. 3280. Paramushir Island, Northern Kurile Islands,
15.viii.1917 (Y. Uchiyama Coll.).

Measurements. Wing, 3 197-204 (type), 2 185-194;
tail, ¢ 109°5-114°5, 2? 100-110; tarsus, g 33°5 (type)—37,
? 34-36 ; entire culmen, ¢ 20-21 (type), 9 20-21 mm.

fab. Northern Kurile Islands ; Simusir and Paramushir.
Probably the same form is found in North-eastern Siberia
(Kamtschatka, Baikal, etc.—see Hartert, J. c. p. 1871).

Obs. This bird was first obtained by H. J. Snow on
Simusir, the nearest island of the Kuriles to Kamtschatka,
and was recorded by Blakiston and Pryer (I. c.).

Passer rutilans kikuchii, subsp. nov.

Passer rutilans rutilans (nec Temm.), Uchida and Kuroda,
Tori, vol. ii. no. 6, p. 17 (1918—Hokuzanko, Formosa).

Diagnosis —Similar to P. rutilans rutilans from Japan
proper, but the general coloration of the upper parts
decidedly paler and the mantle with very few spots only.
These spots do not reach as far as the lower back ; in some
specimens they are nearly obsolete in the centre of mantle;
the width of the spotted band on mantle measures 14—
15°5 mm. instead of 20-26 mm. as in typical P. rutilans; the
yellowish margins to the feathers of the mantle are very
narrow; bill comparatively more slender and not so thick as
in most typical specimens (3 specimens examined).

Type. S ad., in N. Kuroda Coll., no. 7664. Horisha,
Nanto District, Central Formosa, 14.iv.1908. Y. Kikuchi
Coll.

Measurements. Wing, g 70, 71 (type), 2 65; tail, 3
44°5, 49 (type), 9 43; tarsus, ¢ 16:5 (type), 17, 2 17°5,;
exposed culmen, ¢ 11, 11 (type), 2? 11; entire culmen,
3 12°5 (type), 13, 2 13 mm.; height of bill at base, ¢ 6°5,
6°5 (type), 2? 7 mm.

Hab. Probably confined to the Island of Formosa, |

Named in honour of the late Mr. Kikuchi, the collector.

Sean, Jesso ’

17 [ Vol. xlv. |

Certhia familiaris ernsti, subsp. nov.

Certhia familiaris familiaris (nec L.), Hartert, Vog. pal.
Faun. i. p. 318 (1905—“‘ Jesso ” = Hokkaido), part.

Diagnosis. Very similar in coloration to C. f. familiaris
from Sweden and measurements of body, except that of the
wing, on an average a trifle shorter (wing, ¢ 68°5—65 ;
2 59-64 mm.). It differs from C. f. japonica in the paler
coloration, and by the wing and bill being distinctly longer
(exposed culmen, 13°5-15 mm. instead of 11—12°5 mm. as in
C. f. japonica) (6 specimens examined).

Type. & ad., in N. Kuroda Coll., no. 5005. Uenai,
Prov. Iburi, Hokkaido, 19.11.1921. H. Orii Coll.

- Measurements. Wing *, g 63°5 (type), 64°5, 65, 65°5, 9 59,
64; tail, ¢ 56+x (type), 57+x, 58,65, 2? 59, 61; tarsus,
& 145 (type), 15, 15, 15, 2 13, 14:5; exposed culmen,
do 14 (type), 14, 15,15, @ 13°5, 15 mm.

Hab. The new form, ernsti, probably breeds in Hok-
_kaido and migrates to Central Hondo (Prov. Shinano) in
winter. Dr. Hartert (op. cit. iii. 1921, p. 2102), however,
mentions that C. f. yaponica is found not only in Hondo but
= Hokkaido (near Sapporo). I have no examples
of the species from Sakhalin, Kuriles, Korea, N. China, etc.,
for comparison with my new form.

Observation. Dr. Hartert (op. cit.1. 1905, p. 318—footnote)
already pointed out the differences of the Hokkaido form
from typical C. f. familiaris and C. f. japonica. He gave
the measurements of both sexes of the Hokkaido examples
as follows: “ Fliigel, ¢ 63°5-65°5, 9 62-63 mm.” Named
in honour of Dr. Ernst Hartert of the Tring Museum.

Mr. Grecory M. Matuews sent the following description
of a new form of Manucode from Cape York :—

Phonygammus yorki, sp. nov.,
differs from P. gouldi in being of a distinctly purplish-blue
on the upper surface, not metallic-green. It is also larger:
wing 170 mm.
Type in Tring Museum. Black Gin Creek, Cape York.
Dec. 23rd, 1912.

* | Editor’s Footnote.—In view of the fact that the wing-measurements
of typical C. f. familiaris are given in Hartert’s ‘ Palearctic Fauna’ and —
Witherby’s ‘ Hand-list of British Birds’ as ranging between 63 and
67 mm.,, it is a little difficult to understand how C. f. ernst, founded
chiefly on size, can be substantiated. |

Wet: xiv] 18

Mr. H. Krrx& Swany, on behalf of Dr. Casey Wood, ex-
hibited a series of Fruit-Pigeons from Fiji, where Dr. Wood
spent six months of last year studying the fauna of that group.

‘These drawings were done by the artist, Mr. Belcher,
after a study of the birds in their native haunts.

Professor P. P. Susan, of the Academy of Petrograd,
exhibited some very beautifully-coloured photographs of a
family of the extremely rare alco altaicus Menzb., and made
the following remarks. He said that the family was obtained
from a nest, at an altitude of about 2500 metres, during the
Sushkin expedition of 1914 in South-east Russian Altai
(exact locality in the Chuia range on the river Kush Konoor,
an affluent of the Chagan-usoon, a tributary of the upper
Chuia River).

The adult male was killed and five downy young taken
and successfully reared. Most of them survived to the fully
adult stage of plumage, records being kept of intermediate
stages by means of descriptions and photographs. Hxtremes
of individual variability are exhibited by this family:
(1) some birds in adult plumage are barred above and
present bluish tints proper to the northern jerfalcons ;
(2) others are dark, and while being nearly uniformly bluish-
slate above are heavily marked below on a darkened ground-
colour; (3) some birds which are barred above exhibit a
preponderance of red colours, recalling the central Asian
forms of the F. cherrug group. Adult coloration is assumed
after the first moult, subsequent changes being insignificant.
As to the nomenclature, the dark nearly unbarred type has
been described as /’. altaicus Menzb., and this name must
stand as having priority. The barred type has been
described as F. lorenzi Menzb., and this name becomes a
synonym. As to taxonomical values and relations, /’. altaicus
must be accorded specific rank, its breeding-area (W. Sayan,
Altai, Tarbagatai, Russian and Chinese Turkestan) covering
a part of the breeding-area of the /. cherrug group. It is,
to a certain extent, intermediate between that group and
the northern jerfalcons, since strongly reddish specimens are
individual reversions to the primitive type.

19 [Vol. xlv.

Dr. C. B. Tickaurst and Major R. E. Coeresman forwarded
the following descriptions of new races from Central

Arabia :—
Prinia gracilis hufufe, subsp. nov.

Differs from P. g. gracilis, P. g. carlo, P. g. palestine, and
P. g. traqueisis in the much heavier and broader subterminal
black bars to the tail; more heavily streaked and darker
upper parts than P. g. gracilis ; less heavily streaked upper
parts than in P. g. palestine ; greyer, not so dark above, and
with coarser streaks than P. g. delte; greyer upper parts
and shorter bill than in P. g. natronensis ; paler and grever
upper parts than in P. g. yemenensis, paler rufous wing-
edges, purer white underparts.

8 6 3. Wing 44-48, tarsus 60-68. 42 2. Wing 44-47,
tarsus 61-65 mm.

Type in British Museum, g. Hufuf, Hasa Prov., Central
Arabia, 28 xi.1923. Cox-Cheesman Ooll., No. 5056.

Distribution. Oasis of Hufuf, Hasa Prov., Central Arabia.

Passer domesticus hufufe, subsp. nov.

$. Differs from P. d. indicus in having the head, rump,
and upper tail-coverts greyer, which in fresh plumage is
slightly washed with a paler brown and to a less extent than
in P.d.indicus ; greater coverts and tertials paler cinnamon ;
the mantle is less marked with cinnamon and is generally
paler in coloration ; underparts purer white; cheeks white.
Smaller bill and whiter cheeks than in P. d. nilotieus.

?. In the same parts as in the male the female shows a
slightly paler and greyer wash, less ochraceous, underparts
whiter, less creamy than in indicus.

935. Wing 72-77, bill base 13°25-145 mm. 5 9 9.
Wing 70°5-74, bill base 12°5-13°5.

Type in British Museum, g. Hufuf-town, Hasa Prov.,
Central Arabia, 9.x1i.1923. Cox-Cheesman Coll., No. 5070.

Mistribution. Oasis of Hufuf, Hasa Prov., Central Arabia.

Obs. Though odd individuals can be matched with in-
dividuals of P. d. indicus, when a series in fresh-moulted

Vol. xlv.] 20

plumage of both is examined the differences stand out. We
have examined a series from 8. Arabia and we cannot in any
way differentiate these (“ P. d. buryt’’) from P. d. indicus.

Ammomanes deserti azizi, subsp. nov.

This race is much paler on the upper parts than the palest
A, d. isabellina—a creamy-isabelline colour ; it is whiter
on the underparts and has the ticking on the throat very dark.

3¢ 3. Wing 100-105 mm. 5 2? 2. Wing 94-100 mm.
Bill as in A. d. isabellina.

Type in Brit. Mus., g. Jabal Ghanima, Hasa Prov.
12.1.24. Cox-Cheesman Coll., No. 5139.

Distribution. Hasa Prov., Cental Arabia.

Named in honour of His Highness Abdul Aziz ibn Saud,
Sultan of Najd.

Obs. Capt. Cheesman obtained a single bird originally near
Ogair on March 31, 1921, but, though I was certain it was
new, I did not like to name it from a single rather worn
bird. The series now obtained show that A. d. azizi is elearly
separable. In worn dress this race has the upper parts more
cream-coloured still, very little isabelline colour showing.

—C. B. T.

NOTICE.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
the 12th of November, 1924, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT,
42-48 Great Portland Street, W.1, the Dinner at 7 p.m.

Members intending to dine are requested to inform the Hon,
Sec., Dr.G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, Grosvenor Square, W.1.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice beforehand to the Hditor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe,
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to
place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for
publication in the Bulletin. |

(Signed)
H. F. Wirsersy, Percy R. Lowz, Georce C. Low,
Chairman. avi uditor, fon. Sec. § Treas.
oD PX\ a fi
— f< Pn oh ;
=) 7 XD

es
4,
Ny

wy

.

BULLETIN

OF THE

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB.

Wo. CCXCI.

Tus two-hundred-and-eighty-seventh Meeting of the Club
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48, Great Portland
Street, W.,on Wednesday, November 12th, 1924.

Chairman: H. F. WirHersy.

Members present: —W. Suorr Bary; E. ©. Srvarr
Baker; G. Brown; P. F. Bunyarp; E. P. CHANCE ;
Hon. G. L. Cuarrzris; Major R. E. Coezsman; Col. A.
Drtmé-Rapcuirre; Col. H. Denmé-Rapcurrre; A. Ezra :
Major 8. S. Frowser; The Hon. Masavast HACHISUKA ;
Dr. E. Hartertr; L. M. Jorrina; Rev. F.C. R.J OURDAIN;
N. B. Kinnear; G. C. Lampert; Dr. G. CO. Low (Hon.
Sec. § Treas.); Dr. P. R. Lown (Hditor); N. Lucas;
Admiral H. Lynzs; C. W. Macxworru-Prazp; J. H.
McNeine; Dr. P. Manson-Baur; G. M. MaATHEws ;
H. Mount; D. W. Mussetwurre; (. OtpHam; Lord Rornu-
SCHILD; W. L. Sctarer; D. Sera-Smira; Sir Maucotu
Seron; Major A. G. L. Stapen; H. Srevens; Capt. H. F.
StonenAM; W.H.Tuorre; Dr. 0. B. Ticznurst; Dr. N. F.
Ticrnurst ; B. Tocker; H. Waistter; J. Suapen WING.

Guests:—Major R. ALExanpDER; H. Honan; B. C.
Tenison Mosse; Prof. P. Susuxin; Dr. E. Srresemann :
Prince N, Taxa-Tsuxasa ; A. W. L. Turner.

[December 5th, 1924, 1 a VOL. XLV.

Vol. xlv. | 22

The Cuarrman read the following Annual Address :-—

It has been customary for the Chairman to give each year
a summary of the chief ornithological activities during the
past session. I see that Mr. Sclater omitted to do this last
year, but it seems to me a useful item, which should not be
allowed to lapse, and I have therefore prepared, with the
kind help of several members, a brief report on the period
covered by our session 1923-4.

We have had to deplore the deaths of the following
members :—N. C. Rothschild (Oct. 12, 1923), W. J. Fitz-
herbert Brockholes (Jan. 21, 1924), C. Chubb (June 25,
1924), and W. R. Ogilvie-Grant (July 26, 1924).

Ornithologists have been very active in field-work abroad
during the period under notice. Major R. H. Cheesman
made an important journey in an unexplored part of Central
Arabia between November 1923 and March 1924. His col-
lections, especially of mammals, are of great importance,
and we shall have the pleasure of hearing something about
the, expedition and the birds to-night. Admiral H. Lynes
is ever active in the field, and this spring he visited, by per-
mission of the French authorities, the Sous territory which
lies between the Great and Little Atlas ranges, and was
hitherto unknown ornithologically. I am glad to say we
have prevailed on Admiral Lynes to give us some account
of this expedition to-night. Dr. E. Hartert also visited
Marocco this spring, and gave us a brief account of his
journey at the June meeting. Mr. H. Stevens has been
collecting birds and mammals in Tonkin for the British
Museum under the Salvin-Godman Fund. He has been
in country which is, to some extent, new to the collector,
and we shall look forward to Mr. Kinnear’s report on the
birds. Unfortunately, through the capsizing of a river
steamer Mr. Stevenson lost all his notes and photographs,
and he himself narrowly escaped being drowned. Mr. Wil-
loughby Lowe has been on a journey through Tenasserim
and Siam with Mr. A. S. Vernay, and the considerable
collections made have been divided between the British
aud American Museums and are being worked out by

23 Vol: ely.

Mr. Kinnear and Mr. Chapin. The third Everest Expe-
dition was unable to collect birds except in the Chumbi
Valley, but interesting field-observations were made by
Major H. H. Hingston, the naturalist of the expedition,
and I hope we may have the pleasure of having some
account from him at a future meeting.

The &.Y. ‘St. George’ is continuing her voyage amongst
the islands of the Pacific, and we may look forward to
an account of the birds from Lt.-Col. H. J. Kelsall, the
ornithologist on board. Lord William Percy and Dr. F. M.
Chapman (of New York) journeyed to Chili, where they made
interesting observations on the Steamer-Duck ( Tachyeres
cinerea). Mr. H. Whistler has been continuing his bird-
work in north-west India, and recently while on leave
accompanied Dr. ©. B. Ticehurst on-a collecting-trip to
Navarra; and my wife and I also again visited Spain (south-
east) last autumn. An Oxford expedition to Spitsbergen
_and North-East Land yielded some ornithological results of
interest. The Rev. F. C. R. Jourdain made a journey
through Finnish Lapland from Petschenga in the north
through difficult country to rail-head at Rovaniemi, whence
he travelled to Helsingfors. We hope to hear later of the
ornithological results. Mr. J. H. McNeile, after a trip to
Spain, also visited Lapland on the borders of Sweden and
Finland, while Mr. G. Bolam went up the Pasvig River
where he had been with Admiral Lynes in 1923. Major W.
M. Congreve made a trip to Hungary, of which he has
already published an account in the ‘ Oologists’ Record.’
Col. and Mrs. Meinertzhagen visited Madeira, and Mr. A.
H. Paget-Wilkes has been studying the birds in Cape
Province and more recently in Nyasaland.

Mr. A. 8S. Meek’s collector, Mr. Hichhorn, has visited
St. Mathias and New Ireland, north-east of New Guinea,
and is new collecting in New Britain. Lord Rothschild
showed us some of the birds at our last meeting, and papers
by Dr. Hartert have appeared in ‘ Novitates Zoologice.’
The Whitney South Sea Expedition, under Mr. R. H. Beck,
is progressing, and important collections have been received

a 2

Vol. xlv.] o4

in America and are being worked out by Dr. R. C. Murphy.
Mr. Ludlow Griscom has made an expedition for the
American Museum to a little-known part of Western Panama,
and altheugh he had to leave the most interesting region,
after a very short stay, owing to the hostility of the Indians,
he, nevertheless, obtained some valuable results.

Before mentioning books on ornithology published during
the period under review, I must make mention of the
important discovery made by Dr. Percy Lowe, and probably
suspected some years ago by Mr. G. L. Bates, that the
Broadbills (Hurylemide), hitherto considered to be confined
to India, Malaya, and the Phillipines, are represented in
Africa by the genus Smithornis.

Among ornithological works in course of publication I may
mention that Mr. G. M. Mathews has made good progress
with his great work on the ‘ Birds of Australia,’ Mr. H. C.
Stuart Baker has brought out the second volume of his much-
appreciated “Birds” in the ‘ Fauna of British India,’
Mr. J. ©. Phillips has issued volume ii. of his important
work on the ‘Natural History of the Ducks.’ Mr. Van
Oort has made progress with his fine volumes on the birds of
Holland, while the ‘ Practical Handbook of British Birds’
has been completed. Of new works the late Colonel Ward-
law Ramsay’s very useful ‘Guide to the Birds of Europe
and North Africa’ has been issued, and Mr. W. L. Sclater
has published the first part of his much-valued ‘ Systema
Avium Ethiopicarum’; of other faunal works we have
Mr. W. L. Dawson’s remarkable volumes on the birds of
California, Mr. W. C. Tait’s useful book on the ‘ Birds of
Portugal,’ and a very complete account of the ‘ Animal
Life in the Yosemite’ by Dr. J. Grinnell and Mr. T. I. Storer.
Dr. G. C. Low’s ‘ Literature of the Charadriiformes’ will be
consulted by all those working at Waders. Dr. and Mrs.
Heinroth have commenced publication of an illustrated work
on ‘Die Vogel Mitteleuropas,’ which promises to be of
great importance. Most ornithologists will read with
interest Prof. J. A. Thomson’s ‘ Biology of Birds,’ though
they may deplore its inaccuracies. Dr. J. M. Dewar’s book
on ‘The Bird as a Diver’ is a good example of specialized

ye [ Vol. xlv.

observation; Mr. KH. C. Arnold has produced a book on
‘ British Waders,’ illustrated in colour by himself; Mr. Abel
Chapman’s new volume ‘The Borders and Beyond’ will be
read with pleasure (even by systematists), while there is
much to interest ornithologists in Mr. W. Beebe’s
‘Galapagos’ and in Dr. P. A. Buxton’s ‘Animal Life in
Deserts.’

We have also to welcome two new ornithological journals:
one hailing from Helsingfors is entitled ‘Ornis Fennica,’
while the other, from Germany, edited by Dr. L. von Box-
berger, and, dealing especially with biological and oological
questions, has the elaborate title ‘ Beitriige zur Fortpflan-
zungsbiologie der Vogel mit Beriicksichtigung der Oologie.’

Mr. Wirnersy exhibited portions of three eggs of the
Yommon Snipe (Capella gallinago), which had been taken in
June 1924 at Chaves near the Spanish frontier in North
Portugal, and had been sent to him by Mr. Geoffrey Tait (a
nephew of the author of ‘The Birds of Portugal’). The
egos were found in a marshy field by Dr. Luiz da Cunha
Monteiro and were brought to Mr. Tait’s notice by
Mr. J. Santos Silva, Jun. The eggs were very much
incubated and tke sheils are broken, but Mr. Jourdain, to
whom they were submitted, has no hesitation in identifying
them as those of Snipe. A young bird from the fourth egy
has been preserved by Mr. Silva, but has not been sent.

Mr. Witherby remarked that he had also received from
Mr. Joao Reis, Jun., of the University Museum, Oporto, a
copy of a paper written by himself and published this year in
‘Anais do Instituto de Zoologia’ on the breeding of thie
Snipe in Portugal. In this paper Mr. Reis gives details of
how he found a nest and three fresh eggs of the Common
Snipe on June 26th, 1918, on the Serra do Barroso near
Montalegre, which is not far from Chaves. He adds that
Snipe are said to breed commonly in that neighbourhood and
have a local name meaning the mountain goat, derived from
their “‘bleat.””. Mr. Reis further states that he has been
informed that some Snipe also breed near Villa Pouca’
d@’Avguiar near Vidago, rather south of Chaves.

Vol. xlv.] 26

Mr. Witherby did not know of any previous breeding
record of the Snipe in the Spanish Peninsula. It had often
been stated that the bird bred in the Pyrenees, but
Mr. Witherby had been unable to find a satisfactory
record of this, and the farthest south in France that the
Snipe appeared to breed was in the Gironde. It also
breeds in northern Italy.

Major R. EH. CHEESMAN gave an account of his journey
during the winter of 1923-1924 into Arabia, where he
travelled in Hasa Province, and also through the Jafura
Desert, and reached Jabrin in the Great South Desert.

Sir Percy Cox had obtained from the Sultan of Najd
permission for this expedition to make a collection of
Mammals and Birds, as the fauna was entirely unknown.
The Great South Desert had never been entered and had
scarcely even been seen from a distance by European, and,
as far as is known, had never been crossed through the centre
by an Arab. The first halt was made at Hufuf, an oasis of
date-cardens and rice-fields irrigated by flowing springs.
In this cultivated area a new race of Wren- Warbler (Prinza
gracilis hufufe) and a new subspecies of Sparrow (Passer
domesticus hufufw) were collected, and the Mesopotamian race
of Bulbul (Pycnonotus leucotis mesopotamie) was found to be
plentiful. In the desert surrounding the gardens were some
chalky sandstone hills, where two species of Desert-Lark
(Ammomanes cinctura pallida) and a new subspecies
(Ammomanes deserti azizi) were obtained. The Pallid Crag-
Martin (Ptyonoprogne obsoleta obsoleta) and the Desert Eagle-
Owl (Bubo bubo desertorum) were also collected, and were
proved to be residents in the cliffs. All the species mentioned
were exhibited at the meeting. The journey through the
desert to Jabrin demonstrated the scarcity of residents in
the waterless regions, although evidence was produced that
the great migration-stream of Palearctic birds travelling
between winter-quarters in Africa and breeding-grounds in
[raq, Persia, Caucasia, and farther north is able to—and, in
fact, does—take a straight line across the desert,

27 [Voli xy. .

The Desert-Raven ( Corvus c. rujicollis) was found nesting in
low scrub, and a clutch of six eges was taken, and a Buzzard
(Buteo, probably ferox) had a nest with young in down on a
cliff. In Jabrin the most plentiful bird was, appropriately
enough, the Desert-Warbler (Sylvia nana) ; but Great Grey
Shrike (Lanius excubstor aucheri), Ammomanes, Alwmon,
Short-toed and Crested Larks, Spotted Sandgrouse (Pterocles
senega'lus), and Rock-Doves were also seen there. Major
Cheesman drew attention to the fact that the closest -
affinities in colour to some of his specimens had been found in
those from the African deserts. They seemed to be cut off
from their next-of-kin not by intermediate forms, but by
distinctly darker forms that came between and divided them.
He also thought it would be reasonable to suppose that the
desert-forms collected would represent the whole of the
Southern Arabian Desert, until the sub-montane districts,
watered by rivers from the Aden and Yaman mountains
were reached, such as Jauf and Najran oases, on the southern
border of the Great South Desert, where a difference in the
fauna might be expected. He remarked that northward it
was known that these particularly pale desert-forms neither
reach Iraq nor the steppe desert west of Iraq, but they
seemed to run some way into Palestine.

Mr. N. B. Kinnear exhibited a new form of Swallow,
which he proposed to call

Hirundo daurica vernayi, subsp. nov.

Differs from H. daurica striolata from Java in the colour
of the sides of the head and underparts, which, instead of
being white washed with pale fulvous, are rusty-chestnut,
while the rump is darker and the under tail-coverts rather
more steel-blue.

Type, 2, in British Museum, No. 466. Longlung, Siam.
Collected by W. P. Lowe, and presented by. Mr. A. S.
Vernay.

Note——Two examples of this Swallow were shot by
Mr. Willoughby Lowe while flying round some native

Vol. xlv. | 28

huts in a clearing in the heavy forest at Longlung, on
the Siam—Burma frontier. No other specimens were seen.

flirundo daurica striolata is represented in the Museum
collection by specimens from Java, Sumatra, Flores,
Moluceas, ‘‘ China,” Formosa, Philippines, Karanee and
S. Shan States in Burma, and Cachar in Assam, whence
came /illa substriata of Hume (‘Stray Feathers, 1877,
p. 264).

Both specimens are in fresh plumage, and the male, which
is in the American Museum of Natural History, still has the
outer primaries partly in the sheath.

Mr. Kinnear also made the following remarks :—

Mr. C. B. Kloss has kindly drawn my attention to the
fact that the Garrulax and Tephrodornis which I described
as new in the June 1924 number of the ‘ Bulletin’ have
already been described by Mr. Robinson and himself.

The two birds will therefore stand as

(1) GARRULAX PECTORALIS MERIDIONALIS Rob. & Kloss,
Bull. B.O.C. xl, p. 11 (1919): Hat Sanuk; S.W. Siam.

Garrulax pectoralis subsugfusa Kinnear, Bull. B. O.C.
xliv. p. 103 (1924): Meetan, Tenasserim.

(2) TEPHRODORNIS PELVICUS FRETENSIS Rob. & Kloss.

Tephrodornis gularis fretensis Rob. & Kloss, Journ. Straits
Branch Royal As. Soc. 1920, p. 109: Gunong Angsi,
Negri Sembilan, F.M.S.

Tephrodornis pelvicus vernayt Kinnear, Bull. B. O. C. xliv.
p. 102 (1924) : Um Pang, Siam.

The following descriptions of twelve new species and
subspecies from French Indo-China were forwarded by
Messrs. JEAN DELACOUR and PIERRE J ABOUILLE :—

Tropicoperdix merlini, sp. nov.

Resembles generally Zvropicoperdia chloropus (Tick.),
but differs in having the tip of bill, legs, and feet bright
yellow; the fore neck and the sides of the neck bright
ferruginous-rufous ; the whole plumage darker, without

29 [ Vol. xlv.

any ferruginous tinge on the breast ; the black markings
on the underparts larger and more numerous; and the
outer webs of the primaries almost pure black.
Iris brown ; skin of the face duil red ; legs, feet, and
tip of the bill yellow ; base of the bill red. |
Types in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢. Mailanh (Quangtri,
Annam), 11.1.24. 92. Mailanh (Quangtri, Annam),
25.2.24, |
| Obs. 6 males and 4 females from Lao-Bao and Mailanh,
~10.1.24-17.4.24, measure :— |
Males: Wing 150-160 mm., tarsus 36-39, culmen 15-18.
Females: Wing 141-149 mm., tarsus 35-36, culmen 15-16.
Named in honour of H.E. M. Martial Merlin, Governor-
General of Indo-China.

Tropicoperdix cognacqi, sp. nov.

Differs from 7. chloropus (Tick.} in having the feathers
of the back of a different pattern; the shafts are mostly
pale buff and form distinet streaks, and the dark spots,
instead of forming rather distinct stripes, are scattered all
over the feather and give it a mottled appearance.

Iris brown; bill greenish-grey, base dull red; skin of
the face dull red ; legs and feet greenish-grey.

Types in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢ 9. Saigon, 11.4.24.

Obs. 2 males and 1 female from Saigon, 11.4.24,°
measure :—

Males: Wing 154, 155 mm.; tarsus 35,33; culmen 16, 16.

Female: Wing 153 mm. ; tarsus 35; culmen 15.

Named in honour of Dr. M. Cognacq, Governor of
Cochin-China,

Hierophasis imperialis, sp. nov.

General colour of the male dark shining blue, with bright
blue markings on the wing-@overts, back, rump, and upper
tail-coverts ; crest moderate and black; tail rather long
and slightly curved. The feathers on the middle back
and the two central tail-feathers faintly spotted with reddish-
brown.

~

ao

Vol. xlv.] 30

Iris yellowish-brown ; skin of the face bright scarlet ;
legs and feet crimson, spurs white; bill pale green, darker
on the base of the upper mandible.

Obs. This bird differs from H. edwardsi (Oust.) by its
superior size, its black crest, no green on the wings,
and a more curved tail ; the general colour is darker blue,
not so bright.

The female is bright chestnut on the back, wings, and
upper and lower tail-coverts ; head and neck pale brown,
with cheeks and throat greyish-buff; primaries black,
suffused with pale grey ; secondaries chestnut, spotted and
and bordered with black; two central tail-feathers chestnut-
brown, marked with fine black spots and streaks, the others
being black. All the brown and chestnut feathers are
faintly spotted and-streaked with black.

Iris brown ; naked skin of the face dull red; legs and
feet crimson ; bill pale greenish- brown.

Types in Coll. J. Delacour. . Doughoi (Annam),
16.4.24, ¢. Doughoi (Annam), 29.12.24.

Male: Wing 252 mm., tarsus 86, tail 300, culmen 30.

Female: Wing 214 mm., tarsus 67, tail 214, culmen 28.

Named in honour of H.M. Khai-Dinh, Emperor of

Annam.

Polyplectrum chinquis ghigii, subsp. nov.

Differs from P. chingquis (P. L. 8. Miill.) by its general
ground-colour being distinctly rufous-grey ; the spots on
the feathers are larger and pale buff, instead of whitish-
grey ; the ocelli on the tail-feathers are surrounded by
a broad buff ring, even all round, while in P. chinguis it
is much broader towards the base of the feathers and
nearly obsolete on the tip-side.

Iris whitish-grey ; legs and feet grey ; skin of the face
livid white ; bill whitish-grey.

Types in Coll. J. Delacour, @. Mailanh (Annam),
15.4.24. 9. Lake Babé (Tonkin), 1.5.24.

Obs. 2 males, 1 female, and several living specimens from
Quangtri and Lake Babé, 10.1.24-1.5.24, measure :-—

31 [Vol. xlv.

Males : Wing 218, 188 mm.; tarsus 73, 75 ; culmen 22, 23.

Female: Wing 180; tarsus 59; culmen 20.

Named in honour of Prof. A. Ghigi, of the Bologna
University. :

Sphenocercus apicaudus lowei, subsp. nov.

Differs from S. apicaudus (Blyth) by its longer and more
pointed tail, which is also greyer, the extreme tip only
being green; head less yellowish, not contrasting with the
neck and back ; the latter is of a darker and more uniform
green; lower back and rump bright yellowish-green ;
under tail-coverts whiter, with very little chestnut-brown ;
and the yellow edgings of greater wing-coverts broader.

Iris blue and reddish-brown ; bill bluish-grey; skin of
face blue; legs and feet crimson.

Types in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢. Laobao (Quangtri,
Annam), 3.6.1923. 9. Laobao (Quangtri, Annam),
15.2.1924,

Obs. 1 male and 3 females from Laobao, 3.6.23-15.2.24,
measure : |

Male: Wing 160 mm.; tarsus 20 ; culmen 22.

Females: Wing 159, 165, 162 mm.; tarsus 21, 20, 20;
culmen 22, 22, 21; longest tail 227.

Named in honour of Dr. Percy R. Lowe, Curator of
Birds in the British Museum.

Micropternus brachyurus annamensis, subsp. nov.

Differs from M. b. fokiensis (Swinh.) in its smaller size,
more barred wings and tail, much darker head, more barred
but lighter body, while the rufous collar on the hind neck is
of a brighter rufous.

From J. b. holreydt Swinh., from Hainan, it differs in
having more barred tail and wing and a darker head ; it is
also a larger bird.

Types in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢g. Hailang, Annam,
ey tg24. 9. Hailang, 17.10.1923,

Obs. 2 males and 2 females from Hailang and Hué,
Oct. 17, 1923, to Feb. 6, 1924, measure :—

Vol. xlv. ] 32

Males: Wing 125,120 mm.; tarsus 19,19; culmen 23, 23

Females: Wing 123, 122 mm.; tarsus 20, 19; culmen
25. 24s |

Iris dark brown ; bill and legs blackish-grey.

Cyornis pallipes bannermani, subsp. nov.

Differs from C. p. pallipes (Jerd.) and C. p. hainana
O.-Grant, in having the middle of the throat and upper breast
pure white ; abdomen white, washed with grey; a broad
but not strictly defined bluish-grey belt across the lower
breast.

Iris brown ; bill black ; legs and feet horny-grey.

Type in coll. J. Delacour. ¢. Khesanh (Quangtri,
Annam), 22.2.1924.

Wing 70 mm., tarsus 17, culmen 12, tail 58.

Named in honour of Mr. D. Bannerman, of the British
Museum.

Garrulax moniliger pasquieri, subsp. nov.

Differs from other races of G. moniliger in its smaller size
and in having the upper back of a more vivid reddish-brown,
contrasting sharply with the head and remaining upper
parts ; pectoral collar browner, with less black and flank
strongly splashed with brown.

Iris yellow ; bill black, edged with horny-brown ; legs
and feet grey.

Types in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢@. Khesanh (Quangtri,
Annan), 26.2.1924. 9. Khesanh (Quangtri, Annam),
27.2.1924.

Male: Wing 111 mm., tarsus 37, culmen 21, tail 115.

Female: Wing 112 mm., tarsus 36, culmen 21, tail 116.

Named in honour of M. P. Pasquier, Resident Superieur
in Annam.

Criniger tephrogenys annamensis, subsp. nov.
Differs from C. t. henrici Oust., from Tonkin and Yunnan,
in having the underparts much more tinged with yellow and
the back of a much more olive-brown.

33 [ Vol. xlv.

Compared with the three specimens of C. t. henrici in the
Paris Museum (including the types) our birds appear to be
smaller, their wing varying between 99 and 112 mm., while
the C. t. henrict measure 113, 112, and 115 mm.

Two specimens from Cochin-China (Harmand, 1876 and
1877) differ from our Annam birds in having the chest
browner, underparts of a deeper yellow, back and tail more
chestnut, with conspicuously paler shafts to the tail-feathers.
Their wings measure 115 and 110 mm.

Kloss’s birds from South Annam are referable to the
present subspecies.

Types in Coll. J. Delacour, @. Laobao, Quangiri,
Annam, 13.2.1924. Wing 109mm. 2?. Laobao, Quangtri,
Annam, 12.2.1924. Wing 103 mm.

Obs. Hight males, two females. Laobao, Khesanh, Lang-
khoai and Col des Nuages, 12th Feb. to 5th May, 1924,
measure :—

Males: Wings 102-112 mm; tarsus 19-20; culmen 17-
i:

Females: Wings 103, 99 mm.; tarsus 19, 18 ; culmen
16,16. Iris reddish-brown ; bill and legs grey.

Mixornis kinneari, sp. nov.

Crown chestnut, blending into olive-brown on the neck ;
this last colour extends to the upper parts, being greener on
the neck and upper parts; supercilium and sides of the
forehead yellow ; lores black; cheeks and ear-coverts dull
yellow streaked with grey ; chin, throat, and upper breast
bright yellow with conspicuous black shafts; rest of the
breast yellow, with the base of the feathers grey ; flanks and
rest of the underparts dull greyish-olive ; wings and tail
brown, the primaries and four first secondaries having
blackish inner webs ; the tail-feathers have faint dark cross-
bars.

Tris white ; bill slaty-brown, paler on edges; legs horny
flesh-colour.

Types in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢g 2. Hailang (Quangtri,
Annam), 29.1,1924. |

Vol. xlv.] 34

Obs. One male, two females. Hailang and Quangtri,
23.10.23-29.1.24, measure :—

Male: Wing 60 mm. ; tarsus 16; culmen 12.

Females: Wing 56, 58 mm.; tarsus 15, 19 ; culmen
2%,

Named in honour of Mr. N. B. Kinnear, Assistant Curator
of Birds in the British Museum.

Cissa chinensis klossi, subsp. nov.

Resembles Cissa margarite Rob. & Kloss, from South
Annam, but has the crest yellowish-green instead of golden-
yellow, the forehead and fore part of the crown only being
of that colour. By this same character and a stronger bill
it differs from Siamese specimens.

Tris crimson ; bill, legs, and feet coral-red.

Type in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢&. Khesanh (Quangtri,
Annam), 16.3.24.

Obs. Two males, 1?. Khesanh and Quangtri, 6.3.23-
16.3.24, measure :— . |

Males: Wing 153, 144, 141 mm.; tarsus 45, 44, 43;
culmen 305,33,:29 ; tail 20D/199<186:;

Named in honour of M. C. Boden Kloss, Director of the
Raffles Museum, Singapore.

Athopyga siparaja mangini, subsp. nov.

Differs from A. s.tonkinensis Hart.in having the general
colour more carmine, not so scarlet-red ; the metallic-green
forehead and anterior part of the crown does not extend so
far, reaching only the line of the eyes; the rest of the crown
is greyer and darker, without any yellow tinge.

Female similar to @. siparaja siparaja.

Tris dark brown ; bill blackish-brown above, light horny-
brown below ; legs and feet dark brown.

Types in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢@. Laobao (Quangtri,
Annam), 14.2.1924. ¢. Vinhlinh (Quangtri, Annam),
2.2.1924,

35 [ Vol. xlv.

Obs. Thirteen males, twofemales. Vinhlinh, Laobao, Mai-
lanh, Langkhboai, Hailang (Quangtri), 2.2.1924~26.3.1924,
measure :—

Males: Wings 51-56 mm. ; tarsus, average, 11 ; culmen,
average, 17. |

Females: Wings 46, 47 mm.; tarsus 10, 10; culmen
MiG, -A 7

Named in honour of Prof. L. Mangin, Director of the
Paris Museum.

Admiral Lynes gave a short account of his ornithological
experiences last summer in the Sous country of South
Morocco, which the French authorities kindly permitted him
to visit and in which they gave him every facility to collect.

He had written an account of this trip for the ‘ Archives
Scientifiques du Protectorat Francais,’ edited by Dr. Jacques
Lionville, the well-known Marine Biologist, and the account
would appear shortly. It would be in English, with a
résumé in French.

The London Agents for this and other publications of the
Société des Sciences Naturelles de Maroc were Messrs. Janson
& Sons, 44 Great Russell Street, W.C. 1.

Dr. Ernst Hartrert described a new bird from Mada-
gascar as follows :—

Neomixis flavoviridis, sp. nov.

It is somewhat difficult to say to which genus this new
species belongs; it agrees with Neomiais (Madagascar), but
the tail is longer, more abruptly graduated, the outer rectrix
being 27 mm. shorter than the longest (central) pair. In the
shape of the tail it agrees with the African Apalis, which,
however, has a stronger, less sharply pointed bill. For the
time being I do not separate the bird from Neomiais. A
single male was shot in November 1922 by Mr. W. F. H.
Rosenberg’s collector.

3 ad. Upperside olivaceous-green, top of head more
brownish ; lores and cheeks whitish, with dark brown outer
edges to the feathers ; ear-coverts more blackish; round the

Vol. xlv. | 36

eye some whitish dots; behind the eye an indistinct pale
yellowish superciliary line ; underside yellow, brightest on
the throat ; sides and under tail-coverts olivaceous-greenish ;
remiges dusky brown, inner webs bordered with pale yellow,
outer webs of the colour of the back ; tail uniform, like the
upperside of the body ; bill (in skin) blackish-brown, under
mandible and cutting-edge partially pale; feet (in skin)
brown.

Bill (from forehead) 14 mm., left wing 55, tail 59,
tarsus 17°5.

Hab. Analamazastra, Madagascar.

The generic names Hrvessa and Dauria being preoccupied,
Neomizis Sharpe must be used, as shown by Oberholser.

Type in the Tring Museum.

Dr. Ernest Harterr also exhibited a Desert Lark, which
he described as follows :-— 7
Ammomanes deserti payni, subsp. nov.

Very similar to A. d. algeriensis, but upperside slightly
darker and decidedly more rufous, especially on the rump,
underside more brownish. Dimensions as in A. d. algeriensis,
but bill perhaps larger on average ; only five examined.

Habitat. S.W. Algeria and neighbouring parts of
E. Morocco, Figuig, Ain-Sefra.

Type. Gad. Figuig, .19.ii.1924. W. A. Payn coll.
In Tring Museum.

Named after Lt.-Colonel W. A. Payn. In Nov. Zool.
1914, p. 192, Lord Rothschild and I have already mentioned
the more rufous colour of two specimens collected by us near
Ain-Sefra, but as they were in very worn plumage, having
been collected in May, we did not venture to name them.
Three specimens from March, shot near Figuig, however,
confirm the differences, and I have pleasure in naming this
race in honour of Col. Payn.

Prof. P. P. SusHKin gave a résumé of the taxonomical
results of his morphological studies of the Fringillids and

DT [ Vol. xlv.

allied groups. The family Fringillide, as Judged by the
characters exhibited by the bony palate, the syrinx, and the
external features of the horny palate, proves to consist of
three distinct divisions which may be named the Cardueline,
the Passerine, and the Emberizine.

(1) The Cardueline division may be divided into three
branches as follows: (a) includes, as far as one can judge
from the genera examined, only one genus—fringilla ;
(6), which is purely American, comprises the Cardinaline
section (Lichmondena, Cyanocompsa, Oryzoborus) ; while
(c), mainly Palsearctic and Hthiopian, includes the rest, viz.,
Carduelis, Carpodacus, and Coccothraustes, |

(2) The Passerine division, apart from peculiarities of
anatomical structure, differs from the others in the moulting
of the juvenile quills and tail-feathers in the first autumn,
as well as in the construction of dome-shaped nests, and in-
cludes the genera Passer, Gymnorhis, Petronia, Pyrgilauda,
Montifringiila (alpicola and nivalis), while

(3) The Emberizine division comprises a number of
genera— Palrearctic, Ethiopian, Nearctic, and Neotropical,
the American genera forming a group by themselves.

Sketches of Soft Palates of

Carpodacus erythrinus, Passer domesticus, Emberiza citrinella.

In regard to relationships to other neighbouring families

the Passerine division must be referred, from its anatomy,

moults, and the construction of the nest to the Ploceide,
probably as a subfamily.

The Emberizine division proves to have relations or

Vol. xlv.] 38

affinities with (a) the Tanagridz, of which some are to be
transferred to the Emberizz, (b) the Icteride of which the
least specialized forms like Molothrus are with difficulty
distinguishable, (c) the Cerebidee, in which family the
structure of the tongues is only an exaggeration of the
features to be found in the Emberizine division ; while the
osteological features are extremely close. The Cardueline
division is more closely related to the Ploceo-Passerine group
than to the Emberizine; and the Drepanididee seem to
present another related group.

These relations may be expressed by the following
scheme :—

Superfamily Hmberizoiden.
Icteridee.
Coerebide.
Tanagride.
Emberizide.
Superfamily Pringilloider,
Fringillidee (Fringilline, Cardinaline,
Cardueline).
Ploceidee (Passerinee, Ploceinse, Viduinee).
Drepanidide.

In regard to some difficult cases, Lowa belongs to the
Cardueline ; Montifringilla of the Cat., Brit. Mus. is com-
posed of six species belonging to the Passerinze, and the
rest belong to the Carduelinz. Nesospiza, of Tristan
@Acunha, shows unquestionable affinities to the primitive
American Emberizide. Pitylus and Saltator are thick-
billed Tanagers. Chaunoproctus seems to belong to the
Cardinalinze, while the Mniotiltide have nothing to do with
the whole assemblage.

The independent appearance of similar features in non-
related forms is of very frequent occurrence. But morpho-
logical similarities of this kind are always, in our case, of
adaptive origin, and must be classed as convergences and not
as parallelisms. True parallelisms have been observed only
in coloration.

39 [ Vol. xlv.

In the discussion which followed, Dr. P. R. Lower
remarked that no one would realize better than such an
eminent zoologist as Prof. Sushkin that in any classification
the use of characters based on modifications due to feeding-
habits was not so reliable as the employment of anatomical
characters, not so prone to be affected—such, for instance, as
those of the bony palate. He thought that most ornitho-
logists would be surprised at the inclusion of the Icteridz
and Ceerebidee with the Buntings and of the Drepanidide
with the true Finches.

Professor Susaxin exhibited some eges collected by
himself in the Altai district and N.W. Mongolia, and sent
by his correspondent from Lower Tunguzka, 60° N. lat.,
some of which are believed to be undescribed.

A clutch of 5 eggs of Luscinia sibilans, taken 18. vii. 1912
at Jeletzkoie, N.E. Altai. In character these egos were
not unlike those of the genus Sazicola, being pale yellowish-
grey with little gloss in ground-colour, faintly speckled with
fine brown stippling, chiefly at the big end. Average size of
clutch 18°54 x 13°76 mm.

A clutch of 2 eggs of Budytes flava leucocephala, taken on
13. vii. 1914 at Lake Achit Noor, Bassin of Kobdo, N.W.
Mongolia, are bluish-grey in ground, marbled and speckled
all over with grey-brown. Size 19°7x13°7 and LO ira
13°6 mm.

A clutch of 5 eges of Emberiza spodocephala spodocephala
from Lower Tunguzka were streaked and marbled all over
with brown, with innumerable finer spotting and_ streaks
on a greenish-grey ground, with some gloss on the surface.
Average size of 5 egos 18-9 15'1 mm.

A clutch of 4 eggs of Emberiza godlewskii godlewskii from
Central Altai, Katun river, was of the blue type, with
interlacing blackish lines and spots.

A clutch of 5 eggs of Turdus s. sibirieus from Lower
Tunguzka averaged 28°18 x 20°86 mm., and resembled those
of the better-known Japanese race.

Three eggs of Oidemia stejnegert from the Plateau of

Vol. xlv. | A()

Chulyshman, Russian Altai, taken 12. vii. 1914, are warm
reddish-buff in colour, and average 69°1 x 45:3 (dimensions

and description by Rev. F. C. R. Jourdain)

Prof. Susuxin also exhibited skins of Budytes flava
leucocephala, whose breeding-grounds have been discovered
by him at Lake Achit Noor, N.W. Mongolia, and of Leuco-
sticle margaritacea, a mountain Finch with a very restricted
range, found only in the §.E. corner of the Russian Altai
and on one of the summits of Hastern Tarbagatai.

Mr. EpGar CHaAncs criticised the remarks of Mr. Banyard
made in the last number of the ‘ Bulletin’ in connection
with the Cuckoo’s method of depositing her egg in the nest of
the foster-parent. After some discussion it was suggested
that this question be referred to independent witnesses for
investigation.

It was finally decided that the matter should be recon-
sidered by the Committee *.

Dr. G. C. Low exhibited a series of Dunlin skins (Calidris
alpina alpina), and made some remarks upon the validity of
the race C. a. schinzdi. The birds were obtained at the mouth
of the Tay in Scotland on the 29th August, 1924, most of
them being young birds in their first season, and just
changing from summer to winter plumage. They were
collected with a view of determining which race of Dunlin is
usually met with on the Hast Coast of Scotland. Dr. C. B.
Ticehurst, on examining them, had no hesitation in saying
that they were C. a. alpinaand not C.a. schinzie.

There do not appear to be very strong claims for the

* | Ldita’s £ootnote.—The Committee have since considered this
matter and have appointed Dr. Percy R. Lowe, Dr. G. C. Low,
Mr. C. Oldham, and Mr. C. W. Mackworth-Praed to make arrange-
ments with Mr. Bunyard and Mr. Scholey, or any others, with a view
to securing evidence as to the method of deposition of the egg of the
Common Cuckoo. The Committee also recommended that in the
meantime no further discussion of this question, on the evidence at
present available, be published in the pages of the ‘ Bulletin,’}

41 [ Vol. xlv.

recognition of the latter as a good race, as its area of distri-
bution coincides closely with that of C. a. alpina, the
measurements of the two overlap markedly, and they can
only be separated from each other when in breeding-plumage,
the winter birds and juveniles being indistinguishable. The
moults also, according to Mrs. Meinertzhagen, are the same.
The B. O. U. Committee, however, I understand, have
decided, after discussion, to admit it as a good race.

Mr. Grecory M. Matuews sent the following :—

Lithelorms mouki keri, new name for Gerygone pallida
North, not Finsch.

Mustersornis ruficollis gouldi, new name for Myiagra late-
rostris Gould, not Swainson.

Gelochelidon nilotica cloatest, new name for the bird
figured in my ‘ Birds of Australia,’ vol. ii. plate 104, and
described on p. 327, pt. 8, September 20th, 1912. Type-
locality, Point Cloates, Mid-West Australia.

Mr. Davip BANNERMAN forwarded the description of a
new Bradornis, which he was describing at the request of
Sur Frederick Jackson from his private collection :—

Bradornis bafirawari, sp. nov.

Adult male and female. Wntire upper surface from the
forehead to the rump grey-brown, the rump slightly washed
with buff. Primaries and secondaries and major coverts
dusky brown, the secondaries and major coverts fringed
with white on the outer web. Tail like the primaries in
colour. lLores and eyebrow white, a dusky patch immedi-
ately in front of the eye, and a narrow white line below the
eye. Chin and throat white ; the breast, sides, and flanks
ereyish, washed with buff. Belly and under tail-coverts
pure white. ‘Thighs white, streaked with brown. Under
wing-coverts almost white, with a few brownish feathers
along the elbow.

The bill, which is long and fine, measures 12-13 mm. (ex-
posed culmen). Wing 77-79, tail 69~70, tarsus 20-22 min,

Vol. xlv. | 42

A female which is probably not quite adult is distinctly
smaller—wing 73, tail 63 mm.

Habitat. The specimens were all collected at Wajheir |
(3000 ft.), 100 miles N.H. of the Lorian Swam, Juba Land
Province. .

Obs. In general coloration this new bird resembles most
nearly B. griseus, but it may be distinguished easily from
that species by the white under wing-coverts and the
long fine bill—characters which I have failed to find in any
other form. Both Dr. Stresemann and Professor Neumann
have examined this bird, and inform me that they know
nothing like it in the Berlin Museum.

Nore.—I name this bird at the request of Sir Frederick
Jackson after his native collector Bafirawar, who obtained it.
Sir Frederick has kindly presented the type (¢ ad., Wajheir,
3000 ft., 7. xi. 10) to the British Museum.

NOTICE.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
the 10th of December, 1924, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT,
42-48 Great Portland Street, W.1, the Dinner at 7 p.m.

Members intending to dine are requested to inform the Hon.
Sec., Dr. G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, Grosvenor Square, W.1.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice beforehand to the Editor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe,
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to
place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for
publication in the Bulletin. |

(Signed)
H. F. WirHersy, Percy R. Lowz, Gerorce C. Low,
Chairman. Editor. Hon. Sec. § Treas.

31 DEC.1924

Pwy)
He \ peo | e ’
fF an». \RULLETIN
i & F ia ry re
* z . : | : ?
\t Z a x . i .
S
7 >
a Ups, eae * has hl
SAL HY} OF THE

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB.

No. CCXCITL.

Tag two-hundred-and-eighty-eighth Meeting of the Club
was held at Pagani’s Fescktat on, 42-48, Great Portland

Street, W., on Wednesday, December 10th, 1924.
Chairman: H. F. Wiruersy.

Members present: —W. Snore Batty; E. CO. Srvarr
Baker; G. Brown; P. F. Bunyarp; E. P. Cuance ;
Major R. E.. CHEEsMan ; Col. STEPHENSON R. CLARKE ;
Capt. H. L. Cocnrane ; Major-General Sir Purcy Cox,;
A. H. Evans; J. M. Ponce Major S. S. Frower ;
The Hon. | ena Hacuisuka; Rev. J. R. Hate; Dr. E.
Harrert; Rey. F.C. R. Jourpain; Dr. G. CG. Low (Hon.
Sec. § Treas.); Dr. P. R. Lows (Lditor) ; Admiral H.
ynus 2 6.. B, Mackwortn-Prazp; J. H. McNEItt ;
G. M. Maruews; Colonel R. M#INERTZHAGEN ; D. W.
_Moussetwuire; Q, OtpHAm; F. R. Rarcurr; B. B.
Rivizre; W. L. Scuarer; H. Srevens; Capt. H. F.
ae W. H. Toorrz; B. W. TUCKER ; J. SLADEN-

Wina.
Guests:—P. B. Leneto; W. W. A. Pures; G. T.
STONEHAM ; Prince N. Hae erred aah Marquis of TAVI-

stock ; H, rT: WALLER.

[December 29th, 1924, VOL. XLV.

Vol. xlv. | Ad

Mr. W. L. ScLater communicated the following note on
the validity of the species

OREOMYIAS RIISI.

So long ago as 1857 Dr. Hartlaub described (Syst. Orn.
Westafr. p. 96) a Flycatcher, stated to have been obtained
‘by the Swiss Collector Riis at Aguapim, a district of the
Gold Coast, under the name Muscicapa riisi. The single
example is in the Basle Museum, and has, so far as I can
ascertain, remained unique to this day, though Reichenow in
1902 proposed a new genus Oreomyias for its reception.

Through the great courtesy and kindness of Dr. Jean
Roux, Curator of the Museum of Natural History at Basle,
I have had the privilege of examining this unique specimen.

The bird had been mounted, and is now dismounted and in a
somewhat worn condition. It shows no likeness to any
African bird with which I am acquainted, but on showing
the bird to Mr. Wells he suggested that it closely resembled
the female of Cyornis magnirostris, a well-known Himalayan
bird. The only point in which it differed was in the length
of the tarsi, which were considerably longer, but a careful
examination of the legs of the Basle specimen revealed the
fact that they had been reversed, and it seems probable that
when the bird was mounted many years ago a pair of legs
which did not belong to it may have been inserted in place
of the rightful ones, and that some mistake in the labelling
may have occurred at the same time.

At any rate, until a second example of a bird resembling
the type of Oreomyias riist is secured from the Gold Coast
Colony, I consider that it will be best to regard it as a
synonym of Cyornis magnirostris (Biyth).

Mr. W. L. Scuarer also made some observations on the ~
genus Pedilorhynchus :— |

This genus was formed by Reichenow (Journ. Orn. 1892,
p- 34) for a little bluish Flycatcher obtained by Stuhlmann at
Mangongo, near Kampala, which he named Pedilorhynchus
stulhmannt.

That the genus is a good one and is quite distinct

45 - 1 Mol sali

from Alseonax is proved by its unspotted nestling, apart
from the characters of the rounded tail and the extra-
ordinarily broad bill.

An examination of the ample material in the British
Museum collection leads me to believe that four races can
be distinguished as follows :—

~P. comiratus comitatus | Butalis comitatus, Cassin, Pr.
Acad. Philad. 1857, p. 35: Muni River, Gaboon |.

With a smaller bill averaging 80 mm. from the nostril to
the tip, a clearly marked white chin and throat, a somewhat
ill-defined slaty band across the breast, and a good deal of
white on the abdomen.

Distr. Gaboon, Portuguese Guinea (Landana) and northern
Angola (N'Dalla Tando).

P. COMITATUS CAMERUNENSIS [ Pedilorhynchus stulhmanni
camerunensis Reichenow, Journ. fiir Orn. 1892, p. 183:
Buea, Cameroon Mt.}.

Bill perhaps averaging slightly larger ; the white throat
less well defined and the whole of the rest of the under-
parts bluish-slaty, hardly any white on the abdomen.

Distr, Cameroon.

P. COMITATUS STUHLMANNI [| P. stuhlmannii Reichenow,
Journ. fiir Orn. 1892, pp. 34, 182, pl. i. fig. 1: Mangongo,
near Kampala].

Resembling the typical race in having a darker breast-
band and a good deal of white on the abdomen and with a
distinctly larger bill.

INstribution. Uganda, Semliki Valley, the Uele district
(Bellima [Hun], Gudima River | Alewander]).

P. comitatus aximensis, subsp. n.

This race is far the most distinct, as it has much more
‘extended white on the abdomen generally with a slight
tawny or fulyous wash ; the white on the throat is well-
marked and the slaty band across the chest is distinctly
paler and greyer than that in the Uganda and typical races.

Type in the British Museum, a male from Axim, Gold
Coast, 27 Febr., 1911 (Willoughby P. Lowe). Iteg. no. 1911,
12.18, 219,

Vol..xlv.| | 46

Distr. Only known from the Gold Coast Colony ; eight
other examples in the British Museum collected by Ussher,
Aubinn, Blissett, and B. Alexander.

The wing-measurements of all the races vary from 60-
65 mm., that of the type of P. c. aximensis is 64 mm.

Dr. Ernst Harrert. described a new Hornbill as
follows :—

Rhyticeros plicatus mendanez, subsp. nov.

The males of Rh. plicatus from the Solomon Islands
differ from those of Rh. plicatus rujficollis from Waigiou,
New Guinea, and adjacent islands, in having the neck above
and below paler, being brownish-golden buff instead of pale
chestnut in a varying degree. They are, thus, much lighter
than males of Rh. plicatus plicatus from Ceram, in which the
neck is constantly of a true chestnut (cf. Nov. Zool. 1914,
pp. 99-100). The bare throat-patch is also smaller than in
Kh, p. rujicollis. I therefore separate the Solomon Islands
form, naming it in remembrance of Mendana, the discoverer
of the group, which he named the Solomon Islands, having
the idea that they were the islands from whence Solomon
derived his gold. At Tring we have specimens from
Guadalcanar, Isabel, and Fauro in the Solomon group, and
there is one from the Shortland Islands in the British
Museum. I[ had a large series of Rh. p. ruficollis for
comparison. |

Hab. Solomon Islands.

Type in the Tring Museum. ¢ ad. Guadaleanar, 1. v.
1901. A. S. Meek Coll. No. 3065.

The Hon. Masavust Hacuisuxka exhibited, on behalf of
Prince N. Taka-Tsukasa, an example of Pseudotadorna
cristata Kuroda, and said :—

This very interesting Duck was obtained in April 1877
near Vladivostok, and is now preserved in the Zoological
Museum of Copenhagen. The specimen was kindly sent
over to the Natural History Museum of South Kensington,
through the kindness of the Vice-Inspector, Mr. R.

AT [ Vol. xlv.

Horring, in order that it might be examined by Prince
Taka-Tsukasa.

The same specimen was once before sent here to
Mr. Sclater for determination. Mr. Sclater then gave it as
his opinion (P. Z.S. 1890, p. 1, pl. i.) that the bird was a
hybrid between the Ruddy Sheldrake and the Falcated Teal.

In 1916, Dr. Kuroda obtained a second specimen at
Naktung River, near Fusan, Corea. He has described it in
‘Tori’ (The Aves), vol. il. no. 9, page 239, as a new genus
and species, naming it Pseudotadorna cristata.

When he described this bird Dr. Kuroda thought it might
be a male, bnt shortly afterwards Mr. Uchida found a
picture which is preserved by Viscount Matsudaira, and which
he thought might well be the male of the Duck described by
Dr. Kuroda. He examined some very old Japanese books
and came across a description of this bird in a book called
** Kanbunkinpu.” From this he found that the bird shown
in Viscount Matsudaira’s picture is the male and the
Kuroda specimen the female of the same species. The
most interesting point, however, is that this rare Duck was
known to the Japanese nearly 200 years ago. In more than
one avicultural book there are drawings of a male and a
female of the bird called ‘ Chosen-oshi,” meaning Corean
Mandalene Duck. It does not appear from these books that
the bird was particularly rare—in fact, it was often imported
as an aviary bird.

Since then two or three other pictures of these birds have
been found, and the two are always shown as a pair.

On this ground, and also because the Kuroda specimen
has a pale-coloured bill and feet, as well as a different
pattern of wavy black and white cross-bars, I am strongly
of opinion that the bird is not a hybrid as the late
Mr. Sclater considered, but a real species as Dr. Kuroda
thinks.

This summer, Dr. Kuroda succeeded in obtaining a
supposed male specimen of this Duck, which wholly agrees
with the description in the old book (‘ Kanbunkinpu’), and
he described the specimen in ‘Tori,’ vol. iv. no. 18, p. 181,
1924).

Woke lee 48

In the discussion following, Dr. E. Harterr said that the
question if the so-called Pseudvtadorna cristata was a hybrid,
as supposed by P. L. Sclater in 1890, or a distinct species
was in his opinion by no means decided. It was rather
suspicious that since 1890 only three specimens should have
been obtained in countries where, after all, a lot of collecting
had been done. The reports of the frequency in olden times
were not scientific records, and could not be taken too
seriously. He also called attention to the fact that hybrids
between Nyroca ferina and Nyroca nyroca were described
in Hurope as “ Fuligula homeyert,” and hybrids between
Bucephala clangula and Mergus albellus as Mergus anatarius,
and that it took some time before their real nature~was
generally understood. He recommended experiments in —
pairing Casarca ferruginea with Anas falcata.

Errata (vol, xlv. p. 92) :—

Cyornis pallipes bannermani.

Line'12; for 9° read 3

NOTICE.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
the 14th of January, 1925, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT,
42-48 Great Portland Street, W.1, the Dinner at 7 p.m.

Members intending to dine are requested to inform the Hon.
Sec., Dr.G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, Grosvenor Square, W.1.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice beforehand to the Editor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe,
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to
place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for
publication in the Bulletin. ]

(Signed)
H. F. WITHERBY, Percy R. Lowz, Georce C. Low, |
Chairman. Editor. fon. Sec. §& Treas.
mo
cS &
Aug
Se)

hogs J Ob UL L Oe ‘IN
SPAL 14\91O-

~ ‘3
we ma

OF THE

at od
os

RITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB.

re

OS amr,
a
“eR

Dre
.

No. CCXCITITI.

Tar two-hundred-and-eighty-ninth Meeting of the Club
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48, Great Portland
Street, W.,on Wednesday, January 14th, 1925.

Chairman: H. F. WitrHerpsy.

Members present:—W. Snore Batty; ©. BE. Baker ;
D. A. Bannerman; P. F, Bunyarp; A. L. BUTLER ;
Hon. G. L. CHarreris ; Major R. E. Cuezsman; J. P.
S. Crarke; R. H. Duane; Capt. F. W. Dewuurst ;
A. Eizra; Rev. J. R. Hatz; 8. H. Hart; Dr. E. Har-
TERT; Rev. F.C. R. Jourpain; N. B. Kinnear; : Dr. G.
C. Low (Hon. Sec. § Treas.) ; Dr. P. R. Lown (Editor) ;
ne pens: C2 > W. Mackwortu-Pragp; Lt.-Col. H.
Macrary ; G. M. Marnews; T. H. N EWMAN; ©. OLDHAM;
C. B. Rickerr; C. H. Roper; Lord Roruscuitp 6 ow...
SCLATER; Major A. G. L. Stapen; H. Srevens 2 Capt. EL:
F. Stonenam ; W.H.Tuorre; B. W. Tucker ; EH. Vaupy ;
J. SLADEN-Wine ; C. pz Worms.

Guests:—Count Boprinskoy; W. H. Harr sx) Racelee

ites Cant. Ro G. Hineston ; A. Maturws; B. EB.

STONEHAM.

[January 31st, 1925.1 a VOL. XLV.

Vol. xlv.] 50

Mr. W. L. SouaTer offered the following revision of the
genus Batis :—

Since the publication of Reichenow’s ‘ Vogel Afrikas ’
large number of additional species and races of this genus
have been described, and a revision of the genus is certainly
required. This I have endeavoured to give in the following
synopsis. Since 1904, the only attempt at a revision was
that of Neumann (Journ. f. Orn. 1907, pp. 348-358), of
which I have made constant use.

I am deeply indebted to Dr. H. Grote of Berlin for some
notes on Batis reichenowi and B. mystica, two species which
are not in the collection of the Natural History Museum,
and to Dr. EH. Stresemann for information in regard to the
type-locality of B. soror.

Genus Batis Boie.

Batis Boie, Isis, 1833, col. 880: type by subsequent
designation (Sharpe, Cat. Bds. B.M .iv. p. 133, 1879), Batis

capensis.

BATIS CAPENSIS CAPENSIS [Muscicapa capensis Linn. Syst.
Nat. 12th ed. i. p. 327, 1766: Cape of Good Hope].

Distr. South Africa from the Cape Town neighbourhood
along the southern coastal portions of Cape Province to
Natal, Zululand, and the eastern portion of the Transvaal.

BaTIS CAPENSIS ERYTHROPHTHALMA [B. erythrophthalma
Swynnerton, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 109, 1907: Chirinda,
S. Rhodesia].

Distr. The Melsetter district of Southern Rhodesia.

Only distinguished from the typical race by its smaller
size and by its iris, which is red or partially red, not yellow.

BATIS CAPENSIS DIMORPHA [| Pachyprora dimonpha Shelley,
Ibis, 1893, p. 18: Milanji Plateau |.

DNstr. Nyasaland, apparently on the high plateau only.

This race only differs from B. ¢. capensis in having the
flanks of the male white without rufous.

51 [ Vol. xlv.

BATIS REICHENOWL Grote, Orn. Monatsb. xix. p. 162
(1911): Mikindani in the Lindi district of Tanganyika
Territory.

MNstr. Only known from the type-locality.

The male resembles B. c. dimorpha. The female appears to
resemble that of B. mixta, but is much paler below with a
white throat and belly, and only a pale narrow rufous band
across the breast and a slight wash of the same colour on the

flanks (see J. f. O. 1912, pl. vill. tig. 1).

Batis mixta [Pachyprora muta Shelley, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1889, p. 359, pl. xl.: Kilimanjaro at 6000-7000 ft. ].
_ Distr. Kilimanjaro, Simba hills, and Usambara (Wilhelm-
stal) in Tanganyika Territory. |

This species can be at once distinguished by its extra-
ordinarily short tail.

Batis MINULLA [Platystetra minulla Bocage, Jorn. Lisboa,
v. p. 37, 1874: Biballa]. |

Mstr. Angola northwards to Landana (Portuguese Congo).

This and the next species are superficially like the “ minor’”’
group, but can at once be separated by the white under
wing-coverts.

Batis poensis [ B. poensis Alexander, Bull. B.O.C. xiii.
p- 34, 1903: Bakaki, Fernando Po].

Misty, Fernando Po, Gold Coast, Southern Nigeria, and
Cameroon.

Batis minima [Platystira minima J. & E. Verreaux, Rev.
Mag. Zool. 1855, p. 219: Gaboon].

Distr. Confined to Gaboon.

This, one of the smallest species, is a rare one, and the
female is unknown, but it probably resembles the male, as is
also probably the case with B. iturtensis and certainly with
B. diops.

BATIS ITURIENSIS [B. sturiensis Chapin, Amer. Mus. Nov.
no. 7, p. 5, fig. 2, 1921: Gamangui, Ituri distr. |.

Distr. Only known from the type from the N.H. Belgian
Congo.

a2

Vol. xlv.] 52

The form only differs from the preceding by having a
black instead of an ashy-black chest-band. The female is
unknown, but probably resembles the male.

Batis piops [ B. diops Jackson, Bull. B. O. C. xv. p. 38,
1905 : Ruwenzori].

Distr. Ruwenzori and the voleanic mountain region of
the Kivu -district, where it was obtained recently by
Gyldenstolpe. The sexes are undoubtedly similar. Probably

this and the two preceding species should form a little group
by themselves.

Batis Monitor moLitor [Muscicapa molitor Hahn &
Kiister, V6g. aus Asien, Lief. xx. pl. 2, 1850: South Africa,
i.e. Kaffirland (see Neumann, J. f. Orn. 1907, p. 356) J.

Distr, Kastern Cape Province, Natal, Transvaal, Bechuana-
land, and Damaraland.

Baris MoLIToR soroR [.B. puella soror Reichenow, Vég.
Afr. ii. p. 485, 1903: Quilimane (see “J. 1) Ora. “iga7,
pe218))|.

Distr. Portuguese Hast Africa, the lower valley of the
Zambesi including the Shire valley and southern Nyasaland,
and north along the coast to Zanzibar.

This race is distinguished by the narrower black breast-
band in the male and the much paier tawny breast-band and
chin-spot in the female. I consider 6. molitor littoralis
Neumann, J. f. Orn. 1907, p. 350 (Zanzibar Island), and
B. soror pallidigula v. Someren, Bull. B. O. ©. xli. p. 103,
1921: Lumbo, Mozambique, as indistinguishable.

BATIS MOLITOR PUELLA | Batis puella Reichenow, Jahrb.
Hamburg Wissensch. Anst. x. lte Heft. p. 125, 1893:
type in the Berlin Museum from Bussisi, 8. shore of
- Victoria Nyanza.

Distr. Uganda, the roe district of the Bel gian Conga
and Kenya Colony from Ruwenzori, Mt. ao and the
Northern Guaso Nyiro south to Lake Nyasa, the upper valley
of the Zambesi and Angola, including Northern Rhodesia
and Katanga. Not the coastal districts of Hastern Africa.

This race differs from B. m. molitor in having the breast-

53 [ Vol. xlv.

band slightly narrower in both sexes, while in the female it
is of a very rich chocolate-brown, darker than that of either
molitor or soror.

I can find no distinctive features in B. m. taruensis v.
Someren, Bull. B. O. C. xli. p. 103, 1921: Maungu, Kenya
Colony, the type of which I have examined, nor do I think
B. m. montana Sjostedt, Kilimandjaro Meru Exped. in.
p. 109, 1908: Kilimanjaro, at 6000 ft., is separable.

Batis pririt [ Muscicapa pririt Vieillot, N. Dict. d’Hist.
Nat. xxi. p. 486, 1818: Lower Orange River, ew Levaillant].

Distr. Benguella through Damaraland to Little Namaqua-
land and east to the western borders of the Orange Yree-
State Province and to Colesberg in Cape Province.

The male of this species can only be distinguished from
that of B. m. molitor by its smaller size. In the female the
chin and chest is washed with pale orange-rufous, and there
is no,definite breast-band as in B. molitor. In southern
Angola and northern Damaraland the two forms, B. m. moli-
tor and BL. pririt, are apparently found side by side. Had it
not been for this, prirzt might very well have been considered
a subspecies of molitor.

Batis MINOR MINOR [B. ortentalis minor Erlanger, Orn.
Monatsb. 1901, p. 181: Salole, Juba River].

Nistr. Southern Somaliland.

I follow Neumann (J.f. Orn. 1917, p. 352) in ranging
the species from north-eastern Africa in two groups—the
B. orientalis group with a grey crown and the Bb. minor
group with a black crown, though I am inclined to think
that they should all form one widespread species when we
know more of them. I have seen no examples of the present
race, the type of which is in the Erlanger Collection.

Batis MINOR ERLANGERI [B. m. erlangeri Neumann, J.
f. Orn. 1917,-p. 353: Gara Mulata, near Harrar ].

Jistr. Krom Harrar south-westwards to the Abyssinian
Jake-district and the borders of the Sudan.°

Very similar to BL. m. minor, but slightly larg.r: wing
60-67, against 50-55 mun.

Vol. xlv. ] 54

BaTIs MINOR SUAHELICUS |B. m. suahelicus Neumann,
J. £. Orn. 1907, p. 353: German Hast Africa].

Distr. Coastal districts of Eastern Africa from Lamu to
Dar es Salaam.

Like B. m. erlangeri, but the crown with metallic-black ;
the breast-band of the female narrower and slightly paler :
wing 55 to 60 mm.

BATIS MINOR NYANZE [B. m. nyanze Neumann, J.f. Orn.
1907, p. 354: Kwa Mtessa, Uganda].

Distr. The Upper White Nile district south of Malakal
and the central and southern districts of the Bahr el Ghazal
south to Uganda and Tanganyika Territory (Morogoro distr.).

This race is very close to suahelicus, but a little larger :
wing 60-65 mm. It is a dark-backed race as compared to
the next one.

BATIS MINOR CHADENSIS [B. chadensis Alexander, Bull.
B.O.C. xxi. p. 105, 1908: Arrigi, Lake Chad].

Distr. The northerly parts of Northern Nigeria and Lake
Chad east through Dafur and Kordofan to lower part of the
White Nile Valley, the Blue Nile, and the Red Sea Province
of the Egyptian Sudan.

This race is distinguished by its paler back in both
sexes, and probably intergrades at its eastern borders with
B. orientalis.

Batis MINOR BATESI [ 5. bella bates: Bannerman, Bull.
B.O.C. xliv. p. 4, 1923: Bamenda, Cameroon Highlands].

Distr. Only known from the two original examples ob-
tained by Mr. Bates.

This race is characterized by its larger bill and broad
chest-band, which in the female is paler than that of B. m.
nyanzw, while it has the darker back of the last-named form.

BATIS MINOR CONGOENSIS | Batis minor congoensis Neumann,
J. f. Orn. 1907, p. 354: Ngombi on the Lower Congo |.

Jvstr, The iower valley of the Congo, Portuguese Congo,
and northern Angola.

This race appears to be very doubtfully separable from
B.m. nyanze.

55 [Vol. xlv.

BATIS ORIENTALIS ORIENTALIS | Platystira orientalis
Heuglin, Orn. Nordost-Afr. i. p. 449, 1871: Modat valley,
Bogosland (see Neumann, J. f. Orn. 1907, p. 350) ].

Distr. Abyssinia and Hritrea, but not the central high
plateau, north to Erkowit in the Red Sea Province of the
- Sadan, south to Shoa and the Hawash Country.

BATIS ORIENTALIS BELLA [ Pachyprora bella Hlliot, Field
Col. Mus. Publ. Orn. Chicago, i. p. 47, 1897: Hullier,
Somaliland ].

Distr. Northern Somaliland and the Galla Country.

This race is hardly separable from the preceding, the crown
is perhaps a shade darker grey and the white spots on the
rump larger and more conspicuous.

Batis orientalis somaliensis Neumann, J. f. Orn. 1907,
p- 357: Denek River, is a synonym.

Through the courtesy of Dr. C. HE. Hellmayr, Curator of
Birds, Field Museum, Chicago, I have been able to examine
the type of Elliot’s bella, which is a grey-headed form, so that
his name takes precedence of that of Neumann for this race.

BATIS ORIENTALIS PERKEO [ Batis perkeo Neumann, J.f£.Orn.
1907, p. 352: Darassam, Gurra, Gallaland ].

Distr. Southern Somaliland, Jubaland, Northern Frontier
Province of Kenya Colony, and the adjoining districts of
Abyssinia.

Pome averica | Neumann; J... f. Orn. 1907, p. 594:
Kikumbulin, Ukamba ].

This species is founded on two males only, the type and
another example, obtained in Makindu also in Ukamba
Province of Kenya Colony. It appears to be allied to
B. orientalis, but has little or no white edging to the tail-
feathers.

BaTIS SENEGALENSIS [ Muscicapa senegalensis Linnzeus,
Syst. Nat. 12th ed. i. p. 327, 1766: Senegal J.

Distr. Senegal to the Gold Coast, Togoland and Nigeria,
east to Kaga Djirri in the Shari-Ubangi district.

The females of this form can be at once distinguished by the

Vol. xlv. | 56

rufous wash over the white on the crown, nape, and wings,
and by the olive-brown tinge of the back. The males are
hardly distinguishable from those of the B. minor group.
B. s. togoensis appears to be a synonym (see Bannerman,
Rey. Zool. Afr. ix. p. 417).

Batis Fratrum [| Pachyprora fratrum Shelley, Ibis, 1900,
p. 522: Zululand |.

Jyistr. Zaluland, north to*the Beira district.

This species is at once distinguished by the fact that the
male never has a black chest-band. |

Batis sheppardt Haagner, Ann. Transvaal Mus. 1. p. 179,
pl. ii. figs. 1, 2, 1909: Mzimbiti near Beira, is a synonynr
(see Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus. iv. p.171).

Key of the Species.
(a) Males (except B. fratrum) with a black breast-band.

1. Under wing-coverts white edged with black.. 2.

Under wing-coverts black throughout ...... 10.
2. With rusty-red on the flanks .............. 3.
Flanks without rusty-red ......... Be anes ee 4,
B, Larsen, iris, yellows}: 0 ene. Le eee capensis.
Smaller awrieeds (2. Meche trees cian tame tne ree erythrophthalma.
4. No white spot on the lores or white eyebrow . 5.
White spots on the lores or forehead ........ 6.
6. Pail lounger over 40am i. Weg cee ih, eos ae dimorpha.
Dail very shorg, under 40:mm.. oo. aod 0 morta.
6. A distiner mieltalisnotre’. 2 eee: ce etre ake G
No nuchal spotmsexes alike (OG. 0%)... «os 8.
ive rown prey, like/the! bale die nmes cycle ose oe nunulla.
Crown black, contrasting with the back .... poensis.
Palarcer, wing overiG0 Mmamis: each: sob) oki th diops, $ & Q.
Smaller, wing under SO mma oc a. tei ssi 9.
9, Breast-band ashy-black...............02005 mmma, 6 & OP
Tereapr-peme blacks. 4. Nu sine eee aoly aoe ciate eturiensis, 6 & DP
10. With little white on the head only, a frontal
Bporanmd p.line to the eye elites ite ae ols ie

With more white on the head, generally sur-
rounding the crown and forming a nuchal

57 [ Vol. xlv.

a barcer,wing, about GO mm...) . <2. 660/65 4 ». molitor,
mmaller, wing about 95 mm... cae ee wre a) preret.
. Crown grey, like the back ...... CY orientalis and subspecies.
Crown dusky to black, contrasting with
ee I ear cio 5 aia. Cx ed She minor, senegalensis, and subspecies.

(6) Females with breast-band if present rufous, not black
(including B. fratrum, both sexes).

. Under wing-coverts white, with a black edging
Plone the Gubler eden wie wie thals ooo 0s 2.
Wander wine-coverts black) 3. cel.0c...i.0.-. 6.
. Secondaries and wing-soverts edged with
rufous, not white.
Secondaries and wing-coverts edged with
white, not rufous; chin white; chest, but
MOMMA TUROUS SE Bie bh ees ue fratrum, 3.
. Underparts rich rufous, including chin and [erythromorpha.,
flanks ; chest-band fuirly well defined .... capensis dimorpha
Underparts pale rufous; chest-band hardly

SrMMIAEO ly) MEMMEU h5 sins xis ses aac 6 a's 0 gs «0% 4.
- Chest-band very well marked, no rufous on

elim Or tank eel ee Dee ss Steal as 5.
. Back washed with olivaceous, larger, wing

res OO MMI Beery (o's Coss eye) af sein ohvs ase an mivta.

Back vrey, like the crown, smaller, wing about

MEET ye Prak As CL ole olgal'e ah'e eel clitiince! 46,0 g, 6a Jratrum, 2.
. Chest-band broad and well defined, rich rufous ;

Pero Srey like Wack: 0. ites ase Obes munulla.

Chest-band narrower and very dark chestnut ;
crown dusky to black, contrasting with

Re hae ote) bia a ch A adalacd 8 ua! oie, « poensis.
. A distinct chin-patch as well as a chest-band, [subspecies,
separated by a white band .............. molitor and

Chin and chest pale tawny, no band between. pririt.
No chin-patch, only a well-defined chest-

[13 ar pPaeaataiete Za sieteraweaneis sanerats). ; vi
. Crown grey, back strongly apolted with mine - [subspecies.
chest-band lighter and more tawny ...... orientalis and
Crown dusky, back but slightly spotted, chest-
band darker and more chocolate and nar- [ subspecies.
MOSES. ii oF ice ana ad sper Ew OH eso PIE eo minor and

Crown dusky, crown-stripes tawny not white ;
chest-band paler tawny and wider,....... seneyalensis,

Vol. xlv. | 58

Mr. E. C. Stuart Baker deseribed the following new
subspecies of Oriental birds :-—

Ploceus manyar peguensis, subsp. nov.

This race differs from both F. m. flaviceps and P. m.
striatus in being much more richly coloured above, with
broader deeper rufous edges to the feathers ; below the
colour is a deeper fulvous, and the strize are broader, blacker,
and more numerous. From typical P. manyar manyar it
differs in being a little more rufous above, but principally in
having far more striz below, these descending well on to the
abdomen and flanks, and in having a less well-defined rufous
breast. In P.m. manyar the breast is much more rufous than
the abdomen and flanks, and the striz are practically con-
fined to the breast alone.

Measurements as in the other races.

Distribution. Himalayan Terai from Garhwal to Eastern
Assam; Northern Indian Plains in suitable localities to
Bengal and North Orissa; Burma south to Tavoy ; Shan
States, Siam, Yunnan, and Annam.

Type, in the British Museum, ¢, Pegu (EH. W. Oates).
Reg. No. 97.12.10. 717.

PLOCEUS MANYAR STRIATUS Blyth, J. A. 8. B. xi. p. 873
(1842) (Sind).

This form must also be recognized. It is rather paler than
P.m. flaviceps above and below, the strisee: are fewer and
more narrow, and the black of the throat does not descend
on to the breast.

Distribution. Sind, Punjab, and N.W. Frontier.

Munia malacca orientalis, subsp. nov.

Similar to J/. m. malacca, but more richly coloured above—
a deeper brighter chestnut. Underparts generaliy less black
on the abdomen.

Measurements as in AM. m. malacca.

Distribution. Southern India, north to the Central Pro-
vinees and west to Coorg, Mysore, and the Nilgiris.

Lype, 3, 87.7.1.1937. Hume, Natural History Museum.

59 [ Vol. xlv.

Type-locality. Madras.

Linneeus gives the localities for his Loaia malacca as
China, Java, and Malacca. As no race of WM. malacca occurs
in any of these countries, I designate the type-locality as
Belgaum, West India.

Uroloncha striata subsquamicollis, subsp. nov.

Differing from U. s. striata, U. s. fumigata, and U. s.
_ semistriata in having the abdomen stron gly streaked through-
out with blackish brown. From U. s. acuticauda it differs
in having the underparts more grey and more heavily
striated ; the upper parts are darker and the fulvous edging
to the feathers of the breast are more developed, giving this
part a distinctly squamated appearance. From U. s. squa-
miceps it can be distinguished by the dark brown, not rufous-
brown lower breast, and by less bright and broad edging to
the feathers of both the breast and neck.

Type, in the British Museum, 3, Bankasoon, 2nd May,
1877 (W. Davison), Hume coll. Reg. No. 87.7.1. 2347.

L'ype-locality. Bankasoon, Tenasserim.

Listribution. Burma from Tounghoo South to Singapore
and Sumatra; Siam from Bangkok, or even further North,
to the extreme South ; Cochin China (Tonkin), Hainan, and
Formosa. This appears also to be the form found in
S. Yunnan and Annam.

Major A. G, L. Stapen exhibited, on behalf of ‘Capt. H.
A. GILBERT, some photographs of the Golden Plover in
breeding-plumage. Three of these, taken in Sutherlandshire,
showed birds in the usual plumage with a conspicuous dark
patch on the breast, a pronounced eye-stripe, and a white
frontal band across the forehead. The fourth, taken in mid-
Wales, showed a bird lacking the eye-stripe and frontal
band, and with only a few dark feathers on the breast. All
the photographs showed birds incubating or approaching
their eggs.

It was not sought from these pictures to argue the likeli-
hood of the mid- Wales bird being a subspecies, because in

Vol. xlv.] 60

any case the data were entirely insufficient for any such
deduction, but the photographs were at least interesting as
showing the amount of individual variation which might
occur in breeding birds. It was hoped that Capt. Gilbert
would be able to procure further pictures of the mid-Wales
birds next year.

Lord RovruscHiLD said. the mid-Wales bird in the photo-
graph was in his opinion a female, which, as a rule, was not
so conspicuously marked as the male.

Major R. G. Hinestron, I.M.S., gave a lantern demon-
stration illustrating some forms of bird-life met with on the
last Mt. Everest Expedition (1923-24).

61 [ Vol. xlv.

NOTICES.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
the 11th of February, 1925, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT,
42-48 Great Portland Street, W. 1, the Dinner at 7 p.m.

Members intending to dine are requested to inform the Hon.
Sec., Dr.G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, Grosvenor Square, W. 1.

The Subscription for 1924-1925—-£1 1s. Od.—became due on
the 1st of October last Members who do not pay this by Banker’s
Order, or who have not already paid, will greatly oblige if
they will send their remittance as soon as possible to the
Treasurer, Dr. G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, Grosvenor Square. W.1.
$e ee ATE. WY I

The attention of Members is drawn to the fact that the
Sarch Meeting, which is held on Wednesday, March 11th,
1925, in conjunction with the British Ornithologists’ Union,
is devoted principally toh the exhibition of lantern-slides.
The Hon. Secretary will be very glad to hear from any
Member who has slides to exhibit, in order that. the necessary

arrangements may be made.
a

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice beforehand to the Editor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe,
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to

place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for
publication in the Bulletin. ]

(Signed)
H. F. Wrrnersy, Percy R. Lowz, Groras C. Low,
Chairman. Liditor, flon. Sec. § Treas.

{ “f = eet

ty ¥

al
mi tga

7 ray , . as ee ' i diene an
Cie . dp iui
a A | ane nhs ere cc GED)
yt hee rahi aati ee Saale -
Tia Pe > hwy
"eye byes HE Ty eine do er
: ‘ \ ‘ , or centy tak og ain rete > ae foes Set Mae
re a id. wet ie a ST be Pee ee
pee Ce, a sit
“oe Pah RR er ie be peat Sane
A MAG TC a cag |
7. : ' LAL ea ia! 4 ove
CAE Se abiAlp any? hs
a «

pa! _ 4 7 i aby t
as = pes a or ‘a
ee we ae | :
= aL , a
we 1 ith baa ge ; ¢
a . é 4
A 8g " ae, . 1" 5 ;
haw . ; od ees ra
“S we. 2 oitalhd lagged aa os
ae | Rueiclarbas'’.¢
rw hi - A
nt *}4 ; 5 }
ay es:
=< -m A
-
4 : \
i* ‘
ate, 2
/
,
‘ » ri
id ry
a {-
P 7
a . ' ae
= ’ \ Re,
eo
wa a :
Wl - ~*~ ,
! a 5 ;
‘ —
i ‘ ‘
= j
’
eo
E )
wed
= ‘ Mg
4 S
_ ,
' re S «
‘
‘
-
“*

TF >
Ura, Histo”

ae “BULLETIN

~— = OF THE
Q

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB.
No. CCXCIV.

Tue two-hundred-and-ninetieth Meeting of the Club
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48, Great Portland
Street, W.,on Wednesday, February 11th, 1925.

Chairman: H. F. Wrruersy.

Members present:—W. Suore Batuy; P. F. BUNYARD ;
A. lL. Burner; Major R. E. Cusesman; Major-Gen.
Sir Percy Cox; R. H. Duane; A. H. Evans 3 ie URAL P
J. M. Fremine ; Major 8.8. Frower ; The Hon. Masavast
Hacuisuka ; Rev. J. R. Hate; Rev. F. C. R. J OURDAIN ;
Dr. G. C. Low (Hon. Sec. § Treas.); Dr. P. R. Lows
(Editor) ; C. W. Macxwortu-Prarp; J. H. McNEILe ;
Dr. P. Manson-Baur; G. M. Maruews; E.G. B. Mzape-
Watpo; Mrs. R. Mererrzgacen; T. H. Newnan ;
C. OtpHam ; R. H. Reap; C.B. Rickert; D. SETH-SM1TH ;
H. Srevens; H. Kirke Swann; W. H. THorPre; B. B.
Tucker ; J. SLADEN WING. 7

Guests :—H}. HixpLe; Prince Taka-Tsukasa; L. J.
TURTLE.

[February 27th, 1925.1 a VOL. XLy.

Vol. xlv.] 64

Mr. H. Kirke Swann made the following communication
on the races of the Golden Hagle (Aquila chrysaétos) :—

The number of existing forms of the Golden Eagle is a
thorny problem which has occupied the attention of ornitho-
logists for more than a century. Everyone knows that
Linnzeus described the Golden Hagle twice—firstly, under the
name of Falco chrysaétos (Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1. p. 88, 1758),
and, secondly, under the name of Falco fulvus (t.c¢. p. 88).
It is certain that the first description is that of the adult
Scandinavian bird, because it’ is from the ‘ Fauna Svecica,’
and it is equally certain that /alco fulvus was described from
an immature bird, but there all certainty ends. The habitat
of both birds is given as “ Europe” in the ‘Systema,’ and
the name fulvus has been treated by many writers as a
synonym of chrysaétos, because it was supposed to be the
young of that bird, but, if this were really the case, one
would expect that name to be also inctuded in the ‘ Fauna
Svecica.’ This omission is the principal reason for supposing
that the Linnean description of fulrus was based upon a
bird Linnzeus described as fulyus from some other part of
Europe, and that this was the case may be seen by reading
the two works cited by Linneeus. Willughby’s “ chrysaétos,”
quoted by Linnzeus, was most probably not the Scandinavian
bird, but his Ring-tailed Eagle was certainly the British
bird, as was also Ray’s Aquila fulva, so that Aguila fulvus
(Linn.) is ex Ray and is the correct name of the British
race, irrespective of the fact that it was based upon an
apparently immature bird, for Ray’s localities (Derbyshire
and Wales) are quite definite *.

Of course, the theory held by many writers of the past—
for hundreds of years baek, in fact—that the “ ring-tailed ”
or immature bird was a different species is well known in
modern times to be totally erroneous, but most writers have

* Although Willughby’s “Golden Eagle with a white ring about its
tail ” was, of course, an immature bid, Ray, from whom the name and
presumably the diagnosis are taken, described, not the parent bird, but
the young bird in the Derbyshire nest, “almost adult and able to fly.”

65 [ Vol. xlv.

stumbled over that palpable fact and have jumped to the
conclusion that therefore there was no difference in Golden
Hagles from any part of the Palearctic area. Yet many of
the best continental ornithologists have endeavoured for the
past hundred years to establish the fact that Aquila chrysaétos
was not the Golden Kagle of the greater part of Hurope,
and it is this fact that I am now going to demonstrate,
’ although on rather different lines to those followed by past
exponents of the supposed differences.

The battle for the rights of the various suppressed forms
of Golden Eagle against the overshadowing claims of the
Scandinavian bird may be said to have been commenced in
1815 by Temminck, who, in the first edition of his ‘ Manual’
(p. 10), named the non-Scandinavian bird (that is, the Falco
fulvus of post-Linnean authors) Falco regalis, pointing out
that this was done to avoid future error. He was followed
by numerous other Continental ornithologists, ending with
Severtzow and Menzbier in our own times, but all, I think,
fell into the same error of insisting upon the supposed
different species either having a white base to the tail or
having the basal portion of the body-feathers white at all
ages—both of which characters, even if persistent in some
particular race, are obviously Juvenile characters in most
Golden Eagles.

Unfortunately, the nomenclature of the Golden Eagles is
in a most confused state, partly owing to the universal
misapplication of the name fulvus of Linneus and partly
owing to an equally universal misconception of the correct
forms of the species. In fact, of the older names, chrysaétos
may be regarded as the only fixed and definite one, owing to
its being based upon the ‘ Fauna Svecica.’

Quite the most important contribution to the literature of
the subject which appeared during the last century was, in
my opinion, the treatise * of the Russian ornithologist,

Dr. N. A. Severtzow, published posthumously by Menzbier

* ‘¥tudes sur les variations d’age des Aquilinés paléarctiques et leur
valeur taxonomique.’
a2

Vol. xlv. | 66

in 1885-88 in the memoirs of the Natural History Society
of Moscow *. Severtzow had a great knowledge of his
subject and treated it in a most painstaking manner, and if
he was wrong in some of his conclusions he was equally
right in many others.

What Severtzow actually accomplished in the direction
of straightening out the tangle of the Golden Eavles may
be briefly summarised. He pointed out that Aquila chry-
saétos (Linn.) was confined to the northern regions and
made a separate species of it. The other Golden Hagles he
divided into three species, viz., Aguila nobilis, Aquila fulva,
and Aguila daphanea, the first and last with one form each,
while the second he divided into seven forms, viz. :—

1. A. f. canadensis (N. America), p. 179.

2. A. f. kamtschatica (Kamtschatka), p. 180.

3. A. f. japonica (Japan), p. 182.

A. f. atlantica (British Islands), p. 182.

A. f. homeyert (Balearic Is. and Algeria), p. 184.
A. f. regalis (Central Europe), p. 185.

A. f. barthelemys (S. France), p. 186.

Of these seven forms Nos. 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are undoubtedly
valid, while No. 2 is a synonym of the Siberian race (nobilis)
and No. 7 a synonym of the Central Huropean race. No. 4,
while valid, must be called .4. ¢. fulvus (Linnzeus).

The whole synonomy in regard to Aquila fulva is wrong,
for the simple fact that that name belongs to the British
race only, and is not, as most ornithologists have ruled it, a
synonym of chrysaétos based on a young bird, or, as Severtzow
and others thought, a name for the Continental bird.

Severtzow was, however, undoubtedly right, as previous
ornithologists have been, in supposing there were two
Golden Kagles in North ate Central Europe; the one (the
Goidadler of the Germans) being the northern forest species,
laying white or lightly marked eggs as a rule, and the other
(the Steinadler of the Concer being the bird of the

NS oO

* ‘Nouveaux mémoires de la Société impériale des Naturalistes de
Moscou,’ tome xy. livr, 3 et 5 (Moscou, 1885-88),

67 [ Vol. xlv.

Central and Southern European mountains and laying larger
and more richly marked eggs—more like Scottish eggs, but
larger.

Severtzow’s great mistake was in endeavouring to make
fulvus and nolilis Huropean species based on immature
characters. He thought that the tail showed white in the
young of the first and in the young and old of the second
species, while A. chrysaétos, he stated, showed no white in
either young or old. Further, he made his A. nobilis range
through Europe mixed up with A. chrysaétos, of which it is
really the immature stages.

He was, in fact, an exponent of the theory that some
Golden Hagles retain white at the base of the tail and at the
base of the body-feathers at all ages. Now, these are
juvenile characters in all Golden Eagles, and even if more
or less retained in some individuals or races they remain bad
characters on which to attempt to make or restore species.
There is no doubt that some races evince a tendency to
retain these characters in adult plumage, but, considering
that the white area of the tail diminishes towards the root
with each successive moult, it is hazardous to say that
because an example of, say, three or four years old retains
some white at the root, under the tail-coverts, it will retain
it at five or six years; the case is the same with the white
bases to the body-feathers.

Nevertheless, it is undoubted that some races retain a large
percentage of basal white in the body-plumage in apparently
adult state, such a race being A. c. homeyert, while British
birds also show a good deal of white basally. Yet Severtzow’s
theory is disproved by the fact that old birds of A. ¢. cana-
densis, one of the forms of his species fulva, show no white
basally, while old Siberian birds also show none. The latter
birds constitute the true form nobilis of Pallas, who, I con-
sider, designated the large Siberian Golden Eagle by that
name—a bird which has been overlooked by most writers
since.

Sharpe, in 1874, working from insufficient material,
admitted but one species of Golden Hagle, which he called

Vol. xlva] 68

Aguila chrysaetus (Linneeus), although he actually described
the British race, so that his description conveyed no idea of
the bird he supposed he was describing. Dresser, in his
‘Birds of Europe,’ described an Archangel male and a
Spanish female, but figured both so badly that his plate is
nearly useless for identification. Dr. Hartert, in 1914,
departed from the insular standpoint of British ornitho-
logists by allowing three forms, viz. A.c. chrysaétos, A. c.
occidentalis, and A. c. daphanea, while in my ‘Synopsis’
(1922) I admitted four forms, as I felt A. c. canadensis was
decidedly separable. Ridgway correctly diagnosed this form,
and the tarsi differ, as he states, from those of the typical
Scandinavian birds—a fact Gurney failed to quite appreciate
when he compared them with Asiatic and other races. It is
useless, for instance, to say that Ridgway was wrong because
Central Asian birds have dark tarsi, since they form another
distinct race*. Further, the tarsi are only one of. the
characters by which American birds can -easily be. distin-
guished.

As general characters, the colour of the under wing-
coverts, of the tarsi in adult and young, the tint of the hind
neck in the adult and of the body-plumage below, with
the presence or absence of rufous tints, are the best guides
in judging races of Golden Hagles, and it will be found
that these characters do not agree in any two. races of
Golden Eagles I have separated. The colour of the upper
parts of the body isa less material point in these as in so
many other Raptorial birds, which exhibit only differences of
environment, as a rule, on the upper parts of the body, while
the lower parts always exhibit more strongly the primitive
character and the evolution or mutation of the species,
coupled with an accentuation of the differences caused by
climate or environment.

* There may be apparent exceptions to Ridgway’s diagnosis of the
tarsi in case of really juvenile birds as against immature birds. Gurney
instances one Lapland bird with “ brown” tarsi, certainly not juvenile
but possibly immature, and two North American (one doubtful) with
‘‘ white” and “ dirty creamy-white ” tarsi, both probably quite juvenile,

69 [ Vol. xlv.

The forms of the Golden Eagle, as I now characterise
them, are eight in number, and the names and brief distin-
guishing characters are as follow :—

(1) AQUILA CHRYSAETOS CHRYSAHTOS (Linneus}, Syst.
Nat. i. p. 88, 1758: Sweden.

Moderate-sized light form; tarsi in adult pale brown
mottled with whitish, in immature white mottled with pale
brown, in juvenile pure white; plumage very pale; hind
neck pale tawny with brownish edges and whitish tips ; chest
rufescent butf with blackish stripes ; breast and belly tawny ;
uuder wing variegated, the under wing-coverts pale rufous
with dark centres ; wing 603-648 mm.

Scandinavia to Finland and Baltic States, North and
Central Russia, east to Ural Mountains, and probably
W. Siberia. |

(2) AQUILA CHRYSAHTOS REGALIS (Temminck), Man.
Orn. ed. 1, p. 10, 1815: Europe; restr. type-loc. design.
Severtzow, Yorclaz, Switzerland.

Large dark form ; tarsi in adult brownish buff, in juvenile
white, spotted with pale brown, in immature isabeila-white,
mixed with rufous; plumage very dark, head and hind
neck brown with paler tips ; no rufous below ; inner lining
of wing wholly dark ; wing 620-714 mm.

South Central Europe, from the mountains of Southern
France to the Alps, Tyrol, mountains of Italy, Sardinia, and
Upper Austria, Carpathians, and the Balkans to Greece.

(3) AQUILA cHRysAiiTos FULVUS (Linneus), Syst. Nat.
i, p. 88, 1758 : ex Ray—Derbyshire and Wales.

Moderate-sized form; tarsi in adult light rufous-brown,
in juvenile whitish, mottled with pale brown ; head and hind
neck rufescent buff with dark brown centres to feathers ;
plumage dark chocolate-brown, with rufous tinge on breast
and belly and with white bases ; under wing-coverts uniform _
with breast ; wing 608-650 mm.

British Islands.

Vol. xlv.] 70

(4) AQUILA CHRYSABTOS HOMEYERIT Severtzow, Nouv.
Mém. Soc. Nat. Moscou, xv. p. 184, 1888: Balearte Islands
and Algeria.

Small form; tarsi in adult pale brown, in juvenile snowy-
white ; hind neck dull light brown with buffish-white tips ;
plumage very dark and dull without rufous tints ; wing 550-
654 mm.

Spain and Atlas range in North Africa.

(5) AQUILA CHRYSAETOS CANADENSIS (Linnzeus), Syst.
Nat. 1..p. 88; 1158: Canada,

Large dark form; tarsi in adult darkish brown, in im-
mature pale brown; plumage very dark, blackish brown
below, without rufous tinge and without white bases ; crown
black, hind neck rufescent buff with dark brown centres ;
wing 610-685 mm.

North America.

(6) AQUILA CHRYSAETOS NOBILIS (Pallas), Zoogr. Rosso.
Asiatica, i. p. 338, 1827: Ural, Mountains of Siberia and
especially Dauria (also Kamtschatka) ; restricted locality,
Dauria. ,

Very large form ; tibial plumes blackish and reaching to
claws ; tarsi in adult buff,in juvenile dingy white; fore part
of head dark brown, rest of head and hind neck golden buff,
with fulvous-white edges; plumage very dark, blackish
brown, no rufous below ; under side of wing wholly dark
in adult; tail in juvenile white with narrow black terminal
band across both webs of feathers ; wing 628-725 mm.

Eastern Siberia to Kamtschatka; in winter to North
China.

(7) AQUILA CHRYSAETOS DAPHANEA Hodgson in Gray’s
Zool. Mise. p. 81, 1844: nom. nud.—WNepal ; Menzbier,
~ Orn, Turkest. 1. p. 75, 1888: Haute Asie.

Large form ; tibial plumes dark rufous-brown and reaching
only to base of toes; tarsi in adult deep ferruginous, with
black shaft-lines, in juvenile very pale brown ; hind neck
deep ferruginous with paler tips ; plumage rich dark umber-

71 [Vol. xlv.

brown, no rufous below ; inner webs of inner primaries
grey, irregularly banded with black; secondaries mottled
with white; in juvenile tail white, with terminal black
band across both webs of central feathers only and on outer
webs and tips of other feathers; plumage blacker than in
juvenile A. c. nobilis ; wing 620-700 mm.

High Central Asia, Himalayas to Thian Shan and Tur-
kestan.

(8) AQUILA CHRYSAETOS JAPONICA Severtzow, Nouv. Mem,
Soc. Nat. Moscou, xv. p. 182, 1888 : Japan.

Small form; tarsi in adult as in daphanea; in juvenile
white, mottled with pale brown ; inner webs of all primaries
and secondaries mottled lengthwise with white ; immature
tail grey instead of white, with broader terminal black band ;
wing 582-630 mm.

Japan, Corea, and HE. China (?).

It is necessary to add a few remarks concerning some of
the names selected for the various forms I have enumerated.
For No. 1 chrysaétos of Linneeus is perfectly definite as
I have already stated, there being no reason to suppose that
melanetus of Linnzeus has anything to do with this species,
nor would it ever have been added to the synonymy if
Gmelin had not added the tail of a Golden Hagle to the
original vague description and then identified it with No. 409
of the ‘ Planches Enluminées’ of Buffon. Linneeus himself
cites for it, firstly, Ray’s ‘Synopsis’ (p. 7, no. 4, 1713), and,
secondly, Willughby (Orn. p. 30, tab. 2). The descriptions
of Gmelin, Brisson, Linnzeus, Ray, and Willughby are totally
at variance with one another, and what bird is intended by
Linnzeus it is impossible to determine, but his description of
the tarsi as “semilanatis”” added to Willughby’s statement
that the legs were “feathered down but a little below the
knees, the naked part being red,” definitely removes it from
our consideration so far as the genus Aquila is concerned.

For No. 2 regalis of Temminck should be used. It is the
Aquila fulva of Continental authors, but not of Linnzeus.

Vol. xlv.] 72

Under the name of vegalis Temminck redescribed the Central
Huropean bird, the Royal Eagle of the French and Italians,
basing his name on Falco niger and Falco fulvus of Gmelin
and stating that his action was to avoid future errors. Falco
niger of Gmelin is based on Brown’s Black-backed Eagle,
and it is difficult to say what bird Brown’s plate is intended
for, but it is certainly not chrysaétos of Linnzeus, neither is
Falco fulvus of Gmelin, which is based firstly on Brisson’s
Aquila (Orn. i. p. 419, 1760), which is probably the Central
European form, and further identified with No. 409 in the
‘Planches Enluminées’ of Buffon, which is the Southern
European bird. As the southern bird differs from the
northern, regalis is not a new name for chrysaétos.
Temminck’s distribution runs from Russia through Central
Europe to France, and may be cited as “ Central Hurope.”
Severtzow designates “ Forclaz, Suisse, frontiére de Savoie.”

For No. 3 the name jfulvus of Linneeus is_ perfectly
definite, being from Ray’s ‘Synopsis Avium,’ p. 6, no. 2,
1713), from the Peak of Derbyshire and Snowdon in
Wales, in both of which localities it is stated to have
bred.

For No. 4 homeyeri of Severtzow is the correct name, as
it predates by one year occidentalis of Olphe Galliard, by
which name this very distinct form has been recognized by
Dr. Hartert (Vg. pal. Fauna, p. 1091).

For No. 6 nobilis of Pallas, is, I think, quite definite, as he
described the Siberian and Kamtschatkan bird under that
name as distinct from chrysaétos. As already stated, it does
not appear to enter the Huropean fauna. If the Siberian
birds were actually the same as the Himalayan, then the name
of the latter would have to be changed from daphanea to
nobilis, but I am confident that the Kast Siberian birds are
quite distinct from daphanea and chrysaétos.

I propose to describe all these forms at greater length in
a future part of my monograph, but the short characters
given will, I think, serve to distinguish the various forms,
four of which, viz. regalis, fulvus, canadensis, and nobilis,
have hitherto been completely misunderstood in this country,

73 [ Vol. xlv.

while a fifth, japonica, has not hitherto been considered on
account of lack of skins from that me It is at present
an indefinite race.

The only race I have not been able to assign to its correct
place is that from Persia. Two skins from that country
exist in Tring Museum, an adult male and a juvenile female,
the wing-measurements being 575 and 595 mm. respectively.
The adult resembles daphanea in some respects, but is much
smaller, has not the rufous shoulder, and has the underparts
chocolate, but the chest very pale, with whitish edges and
darker tips to the feathers. I cannot place it with any of
the existing races, yet cannot propose to create an additional
race on one adult skin.

Mr. Sore Batty exhibited an egg of a Peacock-Pheasant
(Polyplectron). Compared with a normal ege of P. bicalea-
ratus this egg was very pale, nearly white as compared with
deep brown. It was laid in Mr. Baily’s aviary by a very
grey bird, whose exact country of origin was unknown.
A male and two females had recently died, and Mr. Baily
had presented the skins to the British Museum.

Dr. Percy Lowe stated that the skins of the birds referred
to by Mr. Shore Baily belonged to the bicalearatus group of
the genus Polyplectron, but were very conspicuously unlike
any other race. He was describing them in the forthcoming

number of ‘ The Ibis.’

Mr. N. B. Kinnear forwarded the following descriptions
of new races of birds discovered by Mr. H. Stevens while
collecting in Tonkin, under the auspices of the Salvin-

Godman Fund and Percy Sladen Trust :—

- Turdinulus epilepidotus amyz, subsp. nov.

Allied to ZT. epilepidotus clarus Rob. & Kloss. from
S. Annam, but larger in size and the sides of the body and
flanks darker and without any russet-brown.

Type in the British Museum, g. Bao Ha, Tonkin, 5 Jan.,
1924. H. Stevens coll. No. 119,

A single specimen examined.

Vol. xlv. j 74

Measurements :—
Wing. Tarsus, Bull from base of skull.
T. e. clarus ... 51-93 20-21 bs
T.e.amye@ ... oT 23 18

Note.-—I have much pleasure in naming this Wren-
Warbler after Mrs. Stevens, who accompanied her husband
on their collecting-trip.

» Actinodura ramsayi minor, subsp. nov.

Similar in colour to the typical form A. ramsay ramsay2,
but considerably smaller in size.

Wing 76-77 mm., tail 98-99 mm., as against 85-95 mm.
and 110-127 mm. in typical form.

In addition to the smaller size, the race is distinguished
from A, 7. yunnanensis by its less rufous colour.

Type in the British Museum, g. Negoi-Tio, Tonkin,
2nd June, 1924. Collected by H. Stevens. No. 318.

. Turdinulus brevicaudatus stevensi, subsp. nov.

Similar to’ 7. 6. leucostictus from the Malay Peninsula,
but larger, and the centres of the feathers on the back and
the edges of all those of the wing distinctly darker brown,
while the rump and tail are aiso a darker and deeper shade
of brown. Below the whole of the underside, except the
throat, is umber-brown, slightly more rufous in the middie.
Two specimens examined.

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Ngoi-Tio, Tonkin,
26th June, 1924. Collected by H. Stevens. No. 2/4.

Measurements :—

T. b. leucostictus (8) : wing 61-63, tarsus 24-25 mm.
T. b. stevensi: 3 » 00-69 *~.,,, 22 mm.
Named in honour of Mr. H. Stevens, the collector.

- Yuhina gularis sordidior, subsp. nov.
Very close to Y. g. gularis, but distinguished by the darker
colour of the back, shorter and darker crest, more heavily
streaked throat, and richer rust-colour on the abdomen.

75 [ Vol. xlv.

From Y. g. yangpiensis this form differs in the darker colour
of the back.

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Negoi-Tio, Tonkin.
24. vi. 24. H. Stevens coll. No. 289. Six specimens
examined.

' Mesia argentauris rubrogularis, subsp. nov.

Differs from WZ. a. argentauris in the rather greyer back,
wanting the greenish wash, the more orange-golden collar,
and the crimson-vermilion throat and upper breast.

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Negoi-Tio, Tonkin.
12. vi. 24. H. Stevens coll. No. 287. Three specimens
examined.

Note.—In specimens from Sikkim the throat is a uniform
golden-orange without any scarlet, and the same is the case
in all skins from Assam, Burma, and the Malay Peninsula
in the British Museum, with the exception of two from
Mooleyit, in which there is a little crimson-vermilion on the
throat, approaching M. a. rubrogularis.

Mr. Krnnear also sent the following note :—

In the November number of the ‘ Bulletin,’ p. 28, I pointed
ont that the new subspecies of Yephrodornis from Siam,
which:I described in June 1924, had already been given a
name by Messrs. Robinson and Kloss. By a slip of the pen,
I gave the proper name as Zephrodornis pelvicus fretensis

ee of 7. p. annectens R. & K. The correction should
therefore read :— —

(2) TEPHRODORNIS GULARIS ANNECTENS Rob. & Kloss.
Tephrodornis pelvica, subsp. annectens nov., Rob. & Kloss,

Journ. F'.M.S. Mus, vol. viii. p. 222 (1918): Lamra, Trang.

Mr. G. M. MaruHews sent the following communication :—

I have shown in the Austral. Av. Ree. vol. iv. pp. 169-170,
March 1922, that Creadion Vieillot, 1816, must be used for
the Australian Yellow Wattle-bird, Corvus paradoaxus
Daudin, 1800:

Vol. xlv. | 76

This genus has long been used for the Saddle-back of
New Zealand, Sturnus carunculatus Gmelin, 1789.

As no synonym for the Saddle-back has been recorded
before, so far as I. know, the following will be used in
future :—

Genus Puitesturnus G. St.-H.

Philesturnus Geoffrey Saint-Hilaire, N. Ann. Mus. Nat.
Hist. Paris, p. 390, 1832. Type by monotypy, Sturnus

ecarunculatus Latham = Gmelin.

PHILESTURNUS CARUNCULATUS (Gm.). Saddle-back.

Sturnus carunculatus Gmelin, Syst. Nat. p. 805, 1789:
Queen Charlotte’s Sound, South Island, New Zealand.
Distr. New Zealand (both Islands).

Capt. H. F. Stonewam sent the following notes and
descriptions of species or subspecies of Central African
birds :—

Tchitrea albiventris, sp. nov.

Male. Entire head and throat glossy blue-black. Back,
rump, tail, and scapulars light chestnut-brown. Wing:
primaries sepia; secondaries dark brown, edged lighter
brown. Breast and underparts white, with a yellowish-
brown tinge at the vent and under tail-coverts., Greater
wing-coverts black, edged with white or yellowish-white.
Lesser wing-coverts brown. Bill bluish. Feet blue. Iris
brown. LTyelids turquoise-blue. Wings 79 mm.

Hab. Wooded country, Bombo, 23 miles from Lake
Victoria, Uganda.

Type. &, 22.5.23, in my collection. No. B. 1033.

Gymnorhis pyrgita kakamaria, subsp. nov.
Nearest to G. p. massaica, but very much larger and
generally darker. Wings, ¢, 92,96,97mm.; ?, 87,88 mm.
Hab. Wooded rocky country, 5000-6000 ft. above sea- ©
level in Northern Karamoja, Uganda.
Types. & 4.5.24, 9 4.5.24 in my collection. Nos. B. 2568
and B. 2569. |

17 [ Vol. xlv.

EXREMOMELA FLAVIVENTRIS.
I have examined all the specimens in the British Museum
and in Lord Rothschild’s Museum at Tring, and I arrive at
the following conclusions :—

E}REMOMELA FLAVIVENTRIS GRISEOFLAVA.

This is a dark race witha heavy thick bill. KHighteen birds
from the Sudan in the British Museum are easily separable
as being very much paler (almost as pale as H. f. alexandert,
but lacking the yellow or yellowish rump) and must in future
bear a new name. The type of L. f. griseoflava was named
from Bogosland, Northern Abyssinia. For the pale Sudan
birds I propose the name

Eremomela flaviventris sudanez, subsp. nov.

Types. & 28.12.13, 2 27.12.13, from Sennar, both in the
British Museum. Reg. No. ¢ 1915.12.24.1032, 2 1919.
12.17.470.

EREMOMELA FLAVIVENTRIS ALEX ANDERI.

This race was described by Sclater and Praed in ‘ The Ibis’
for 1918, the type-locality being Kordofan (Bara). These
birds are paler than the foregoing, and havea yellowish rump,
but it is doubtful if this latter character is constant or only
individual, as specimens from. Kordofan exist without this
feature. But this race cannot include the foregoing pale
brown race, which is quite distinct.

Eremomela flaviventris sahare, subsp. nov.

There are nine specimens in the Tring Museum from the
Sahara Desert, which I at first thought should be included
under Ji. f. alexandert, but as they are paler, and greyer,
especially on the crown than FE. f. alexanderi, and consider-
ably paler and very much greyer than LE. f. sudane they must
now be separated and I propose the above name.

Types in the Tring Museum.

Vol. xlv.] 78

Eremomela flaviventris karamojensis, subsp. nov.

This race is even darker than the Abyssinian race £. f.
griseoflava, and has in addition a very much deeper yellow on
the underparts, and deep grey, instead of whitish, on the
breast. The bill is heavy, as in the Abyssinian bird, but
there is no sign of any yellowish on the rump whatsoever.
Feet brown. Iris light brown.

Hab. Wooded and well-watered country between 5000 and
6000 £t. above sea-level, in Northern Karamoja, N.E. frontier
of Uganda.

Lype. 8, 5.0.24, in my collection. No. B. 7105. —

ORIOLUS MONACHUS ROLLETI.
ORIOLUS MONACHUS KIKUYUENSIS.

In addition to the series in my own collection from Central
Uganda and Northern Uganda, I have examined all the
specimens in the British Museum and in Lord Rothschild’s
Museum at Tring, and have arrived at the following
conclusions :—

North-east African birds, that is to say, birds from Southern
Abyssinia, the Sudan, and the Northern, Chua, Province of
Uganda are small pale birds, whilst birds from the High-
lands of Kenya Colony, the Lake Districts of Uganda,
and the highland and mountainous country of Northern
Tanganyika Territory are large dark birds.

Now, wing-measurements of the N.E. African birds from
the foregoing districts run from 112 mm. to 135 mm.,
averaging 126 mm.; whilst those of Central Hast African
birds from the localities mentioned measure from 126 mm.
to 147 mm., averaging 135mm. Similarly, culmens of birds
in the first group run from 20 mm. to 23 mm., averaging
22 mm., and in the latter group from 21 mm. to 25 mm.,
averaging 23 mm.

The description of O. m. rolleti was from a White Nile
bird, and therefore must stand for the name of the small
light form, referred to above as the North-east African race.

79 [ Vol. xlv.

In ‘Novitates Zoologice,’ vol. xxix. 1922, p. 127, Van
Someren named a further subspecies under the name of
O. m. kikuyuensis, type-locality Nairobi, Kenya Colony,
but on wing-measurements alone! The description of his
subspecies must now be amended to include all the large
dark race from Central East Africa as follows :—

ORIOLUS MONACHUS KIKUYUENSIS.

Nearest to O. m. rolleti, but differs therefrom in being
generally darker green on the head and back, some very
considerably darker and much larger.

Wing 126 mm. to 147 mm. Culmen 21 mm. to 25 mm.

flab. Highlands and mountainous districts of Kenya
Colony, Northern Tanganyika Territory, and the Lake
Districts of Uganda.

Note-—The form in Southern Tanganyika Territory is
nearer to and not separable from O. m. rolleti.

HYPHANTORNIS CUCULLATUS.

Among a series of H. c. femininus collected by me at
Bombo, Kingdom of Uganda, is one xanthochroistic example
of considerable interest. In this specimen the normal black
of the head, face, and throat is replaced by yellow, with the
exception of a few feathers at the base of the lower mandible
which remain black. There is also less black and more
yellow on the back than in normally coloured birds, and in
the right wing the first and sixth primaries are entirely
yellow, as also are the primary-coverts, the remainder being
of normal pigmentation. The bird was nest-building when
shot, constructing its nest in a Bark Cloth tree among a —
colony of typical birds.

Hixample in my collection. No. B. 2738, 7.4.23.

Vol. xlv. | 80

NOTICES.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
March 11th, 1925, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great
Portland Street, W.1. Members are reminded that this
Dinner is held conjointly with the Annual Dinner of the
B. 0. U., and that they are allowed to bring Lady Guests.

The Meeting will be devoted principally to the exhibition of
Lantern-slides and Photographs, and the Hon. Secretary. will
be pleased to hear from any Members who have slides, etc. to
exhibit, so that their names may be included in the Agenda.

The following programme has been provisionally arranged :—

1. Mr. Oliver G. Pike: Cuckoo Film and Film of Birds in
Flight, with slow-motion camera.

2. Mr. W. Shore Baily : Lantern-slides of African Weavers
and Wydahs—Nests, Eggs, and Birds in Display.

3. Mr. Niall Rankin : Slides from Spitsbergen.

Members intending to dine are particularly requested to
inform the Hon. Sec., Dr. G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, W.1.,
in order that the necessary seating arrangements may be made.

(Signed )
H. F. WirHersy, Percy R. Lows, Gerorce ©. Low,
Chairman. Editor. Hon. Sec. § Treas.

no ht}
(ear =

Nie
BAax

& fon, Ss OF THE
BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB.

No. CCXCV.

Tar two-hundred-and-ninety-first Meeting of the Club
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48, Great Portland
Street, W.,on Wednesday, March 11th, 1925, in conjunction
with the Annual Dinner of the British Ornithologists’ Union.

Lord RotuscuiLp, the President of the B.O.U., took the
Chair during the Dinner ; and
Mr. H. F. Wirnersy (Chairman of the Club) during the

subsequent proceedings.

Members of the B.O.C. present:—W. SHore Batny;
C. E. Baxter; HE. C. Stuart Baker; Miss M. G. Bust;
S. Boorman ; H. B. Bootn ; C. D. Borrer; A. L. Burner ;
®. P. Cuancze; Hon. G. L. Cuarreris; Major R. HE.
CHEESMAN ; Col. STEPHENSON R. CLARKE; Sir Percy Cox ;
F. Cortis; R. H. Deane; Lt.-Col. A. Detmé-Rapc irre ;
A. Ezra ; The Hon. Masausr Hacuisuxa 3 Dr. J. M. Harrti-
son; S. H. Hart; Dr. E. Harrert; G. R. Humpureys ;
C. Ingram; Rev. F. C. R. Jourpatin; N. B. Kinnear;
Dr. G. C, Low (Lon. Sec. § Treas.) ; Dr. P. R. Lown (/¢ditor) ;

{ March 31st, 1926. | VOL. XLV.

Vol. xlv.] 82

N. F. Lucas; Mrs. P. McKenna; C. W. Mackworta-
Pragp; Lt.-Col. H. A. F. Macrata; Dr. P. H. Manson-
Baur; G. M. Marurews; E.G. B. Meape-Waupo; Mrs. A.
MEINERTZHAGEN; = ©. OLpHAM; H. L. PopHam; R. H.
Reap; C. B. Rickrerr * BY By Rivitee ai. Lb. Sener;
D. Sura-SmitH; Sir Matcorm Seton; Major A. G. L.
SLtaDEN; H. Kirke Swann; C. G. Tarpor-Ponsonsy ;
Mrs. R. ‘Hare Taomas ;. DrovC.. Bs Ticknurser= Be W.
TuckER ; kk. Vatpy; Dr. A. Hopzk WaLkER; J. SLADEN
Wine ;s G. Wirserineron ; C. p—E Worms.

Members of the B. O. U.:—K. BrpwriL; K. J. Acron
Davis; J. 8. Dyson ; W. E. Guecce; Miss BE. M. Gopman;
J.F.Gopman; 8. P. Gorpon; H. Grunine; Surg.-Comm.
K. H. Jones; Miss EH. N. Knope; Mrs. Lemon; Mrs.
A.H. Murron ; OxiverG. Pike; A. N.T. Rankin; W.E.
Renaur; Major C. W. Smeep; Prince Taka-TsuKasa ;
Marquis of Tavistock ; W. R. THompson ; T. WELLS.

Guests :—Mrs. C. E. Baker ; Mrs. E. C. Sruart Baker;
I, J. Bareineton; E. M. Brpwetu; The Hon. Mrs.
CHARTERIS; Miss J.. CHarrerton; C. Curisry; Mrs.
CoLtpstraw ;. Mr. CoLvarrs Mest) Ri Ky Coes yi
Mrs. -‘CooxE; Lady Cox; H.!' Davey; Miss V. Davis;
Mrs. A. Detmeé-Rapciuirre; F.H. pMuNpson; G. Evans ;
Mrs. Ezra; Dr. GAYNER ; Miss Gopman ; C. GREEN; Miss
P. Grirrity ; Mrs. Grunine ; Capt. J. R. M. Hamnonp ;
Miss D. Hotman; B.S. Incram; J. W. B. Jones; Capt.
KyoneL; I. Lemon ; Mrs. Mackworrn-Praep; Sir R. &
Lady Mant; H. J. Massincuam; G. Moore; N. Naxa-
sHIMA; Mrs. O. G. Pike; Mrs. LzeyBpournr Pornam; J. Hh.
Ranp ; Mrs. W. L. Scuatrer ; Lady Srron; K. L. Skinner;
Mrs. SLADEN ; Capt. Stokes ; L.J.Turrue ; Sir M. & Lady
THompson; A. Turner; H. B. UsHer; J. B. Watpy;
EK. J. WitpradaAmM; Mrs. SuavEN Winc; Mrs. WirHersy ;
D. M. Wynne.

83 | Vol. xlv.

The Annual Dinner of the B. O. U., held in conjunction
with the B. O.C., was very well attended, a total of 133
including members of the Union, Club, and guests being

present.

Mr. Otiver G. PIKE opened the proceedings with a most
interesting cinema-film of a Cuckoo depositing her egg in
a Meadow-Pipit’s nest. Some of the films also depicted the
foster-mother feeding the young Cuckoo and the young
Cuckoo ejecting its nest-mates. Mr. Pike also gave a most
instructive series of cinema-pictures of birds in flight shown

in slow-motion.

Mr. SHore Batty showed a fine series of photographs
of Weaver and Widow Birds, illustrating various methods
of nest-building and other habits. These photographs had
all been taken in Mr. Shore Baily’s aviaries, and comprised
a number of different species.

Mr. D. Seru-Smiry’s exhibition consisted of a series of
remarkable photographs illustrating the rare nuptial display
of the Argus Pheasant. ‘This is the second time that such a

display has been noted.

Mr. W. E. Guraa@ showed some photographs of birds
from the Camargue, comprising Gull-billed Tern, Red-
Crested Pochard, eggs and nests of Flamingoes, and a
splendid representation of an Avocet at its nest.

Mr. A. N. T. Rankin exhibited a series of excellent slides
taken in Spitzbergen, and North-east Land, illustrating
scenes in the life-history of the Ivory Gull, Sabine’s Gull,
Brent Goose, as well as examples of nests of other birds

breeding there.

Mr. Seron Gorpon showed some pictures of a Golden

Hagle at its nest.

Vol. xiv. | 84

Mr. E, C. Stuart Baker described the following new
subspecies of Munia:—

Erythrura prasina celica, subsp. nov.

Differs from the typical form in having the crimson of the
lower parts richer in colour and extending on to the lower
breast and flanks, instead of being confined to the abdomen ;
the blue of the throat extends on to the upper breast, meeting
the crimson, instead of being divided therefrom by an orange-
buff band. The upper parts are also a rather brighter green.

Colours of soft parts and measurements are the same as in
the typical form.

Type, 3, No. 88.8.13.42. British Museum, Coll. A. H.
Everett.

Type-locality. Marintan-an, Borneo.

Range. Borneo.

The typical form is found from Tenasserim to Java and
Sumatra, the type-locality being Java.

Uroloncha rufiventris, nom. nov.

This bird has hitherto been known as Uroloncha pectoralis
(Jerdon MS., Blyth, J. A.S. B. xiii. 1844), but this name is
unfortunately preoccupied by Amadina pectoralis of Gould,
P. Z. 8. 1840, p. 127. I can find no name applicable to
this Munia, and, therefore, name it as above.

Mr. H. Kirke Swann made the following communication
on the races of Gypaétus barbatus Linneus :—

Dr. Hartert, in his admirable ‘ Vogel der paliiarktischen
Fauna,’ has dealt with the forms of this species in the western
Palearctic area and has defined three races, viz., G. 6. barbatus
of North Africa, G. b. grandis of Europe and Asia, and
G. b. meridionalis of South Africa and the mountains of
Abyssinia. He has, however, left the Asiatic birds more or
less undecided, as, although he shows the widely-differing
measurements, he throws them all in with G. b. grandis,
rejecting hemachalanus of Hutton for the Himalayan

85 [ Vol. xlv.

birds, because the black pectoral band is not invariably
present. I think, however, that the pectoral band, although
so strongly evident in Asiatic birds, is not the correct
character to separate them on, as vestiges of it are present
in African, Arabian, and especially Huropean birds. The
principal point in all races is the depth of coloration of the
underparts, with also the differing size.

After again examining the group, I feel that two distinct
races must be recognized for the Asiatic birds, viz., a small
one with deeply-coloured underparts in the Himalayas and
a larger one with whitish underparts in Turkestan, Altai, and
South Siberia, both usually, but not invariably, possessing
the black pectoral band. Further, I find that Arabian birds
belong to the North African and not to the Huropean race,
to which they are referred by Dr. Hartert. Three birds
from Yemen, Arabia, in the British Museum, are very small
and richly coloured below, being identical in coloration with,
but actually smaller than, North African birds.

Of this species I therefore now recognize the following
forms :—

GYPAETUS BARBATUS BARBATUS Linneeus.

Syst. Nat. 1. p. 87, 1758: Africa, ex Edwards = Santa
Cruz, near Oran, apud Hartert.

Smaller than G. b. grandis, wing 720-770 mm. ; below
warmer tawny reddish, more like G. ). hemachalanus. |

Atlas Mountains of N. Africa, also N. Arabia.

GYPAETUS BARBATUS GRANDIS Storr.

Alpenreise vom Jahre 1781, p. 69, 1784: Switzerland.

Larger, wing 760-815 mm.; underparts buffy white,
with a more rusty tinge on throat; no black gorget, but
one or two black feathers each side of chest.

Spain, Mediterranean Islands, and 8.E. Europe to Persia ;
formerly also Alps and Tyrol.

GYPAETUS BARBATUS HEMACHALANUS Hutton.
Journal Asiat. Soc. of Bengal, vii. p. 22, 1838: Tootoo,
near Simla, Himalaya.

Vol. xlv. | 86

Slightly larger, wing 780-835 mm. ; below much darker
rusty red; the throat deeper ferruginous ; chest with an
irregular black gorget (sonnei: wanting).

aialay as.

GYPAETUS BARBATUS ALTAICUS Sharpe *

Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus. i. p. 229; ex Gebler, Bull. Soc. Nat.
St. Petersburg, vi. col. 293, 1840: Altaz.

Much larger, wing 855-895 mm.; much paler than
G. b. hemachalanus; head, hind neck, and abdomen whitish,
with only a slight shade of ochraceous, but with an irregular
brownish-black gorget.

Northern Central Asia; Turkestan and Thian-Shan to
Altai and South Siberia, south to Thibet.

GYPAETUS BARBATUS MERIDIONALIS Keyserling & Blasius.

Wirbelt. Hurop. p. xxvill, 1840: South Africa, type in
Berlin Mus.

Size of G. b. barbatus; wing 720-775 mm.; cheeks white,
without the black markings ; tarsus bare towards the lower
part.

South Africa and mountains of Abyssinia.

The measurements, it should be stated, are taken inside
the wing with a flexible rule, and are consequently less than
those of Dr. Hartert, which are taken outside the wing with
a steel tape.

Mr. Gregory M. Matuews communicated the following
nomenclatural notes, viz. :—

Monarcha cinerascens nova, new name for Monarcha
inornatus Meyer & Wiglesworth, Birds Celebes, vol. i.
p. 384, 1898: Yalaut (not of Garnot, 1828).

Zosterops lateralis mugga, new name for Zosterops flaviceps,
figured and described by Finsch and Hartlaub, Fauna
Geutratuelyn. p. 92, pl. vi. : Vite, Fiz (not Peale, 1848).

* The name altaicus dates from Sharpe, who bestows it in his
synonyms, probably by a slip, on Gebler’s “ Bartgeier Sibiriens
(Gypaétus barbatus),” under which name the race is correctly described
by Gebler.

87 [ Vol. xlv.

Piezormona, gen. nov., differs from Monarcha (the type of
which is melanopsis Vieillot) in colour-pattern and in having
the tail wedge-shaped, not square, and legs more robust.
Type, Monarcha everett Hartert, 1896.

Hylocitrea, gen. nov., differs from Pachycephala (the type
of which is pectoralis Lath.) in colour-pattern, the sexes being
more or less alike, rictal bristles not noticeable, and wing-
formation more rounded. Type, Pachycephala bonthaina
Meyer & Wigglesworth, 1896.

Graucasoma, gen. nov., differs from /dolisoma in having
the female of a distinctly reddish colour and in being less
robust in formation of bill and feet. Type, Ldolisoma
obiense Salvadori.

Duyvena, gen. nov., differs from thopyga (the type of
which is stparaja Raffles) in colour-pattern, the bill is also
straighter and the tail evenly rounded with no projecting
middle feathers. Type, Nectarima duyvenbodei Schlegel.

Dr. C. B, Trcenurst forwarded the description of :—
Pyrrhulauda grisea siccata, subsp. nov.

Resembles Pyrrhulauda grisea grisea in size, but the males
are paler and greyer above ; the females are paler above and
have the underparts whiter.

Type-locality. Deesa.

Mistribution. Sind, Punjab, Rajputana, Gurgaon, Indore,
Cutch, West United Provinces to Fategarh, ete.

Type in the British Museum. No. 87.7.1.2839. Deesa,
Rajputana, 2.8.1875. Capt. Butler, Hume Coll.

Observations. The typical race was described by Scopoli
from South Indian specimens (Ginge, 8. Arcot, Madras).
Like so many Indian birds of wide distribution, those
inhabiting the N.W. (dry area) are easily distinguishable
from those from Southern India. The distribution of this
dry-area form follows remarkably closely the area where ~
the rainfall is 25 inches or less.

Vol. xlv. | 88

NOTICES.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
April 8th, 1925, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great
Portland Street, W.1, the Dinner at 7 p.m.

Members intending to dine are requested to inform the
Hon. Sec. and Treasurer, Dr. G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street,
Grosvenor Square, W. 1.

The Subscription for 1924-1925, £1 1s., became due on the
Ist of October, 1924. There are still several subscriptions
outstanding and the Treasurer will be pleased to receive these
as soon as possible.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice beforehand to the Editor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe,
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to
place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for
publication in the Bulletin. |

(Signed)
H. F. Wrrversy, Percy R. Lowr, Grorae C. Low,

Chairman. Editor, Hon. Sec. & Treas.

Lavoe Tam

aaa

: in
29 U abd IoEN
ee AT 1SH mo ae

= a /o Oe

a a Ks Ee 2S D ss OF THE
CS p>
Gn AL Histo

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB.

Wo. CCXCVI.

Tar two-hundred-and-ninety-second Meeting of the Club
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-45, Great Portland

Street, W., on Wednesday, April 8th, 1925.

Chairman: H. F. WirHersy.

Members present :—. CG. Sruart Baker; Ciirrorp D.
Borrer; A. L. Butter; Major R. H. CHEESMAN ; Sir PERcY
7. Cox ; Capt. F. W. DEwHURST ; Rev. J. R. Hate; Dr. E.
Harrerr; N. B. Kinnear; G.C. LAMBErt ; C. W. Mack-
wortH-PraED ; Mrs. A. MBINERTZHAGEN ; ©. OLDHAM ;
GC. B. Ricxert; Lord Roruscuiyp ; W. L. ScLaTER ; Col.

R. Sparrow; Dr. C. B. TIcEHuRST.
Guests J. P. R. Have; W.H. Hane; Admiral J. H.

SrENHOUSE.
ibe) £1 SO Mei out O°) Bye ue

Lord Roruscuiup had been kindly informed by Mr. Albert
Collin, of Kotka, Finland, that his name Muscicapa blyth,
new name for Muscicapula melanoleuca Blyth, which is pre-
occupied if placed in the genus Muscicapa (Nov. Zool. xxviii.
p. 48, 1921), is already preoccupied by Muscicapa blythe

( April 25th, 192.] VOL. XLV.

Vol. xlv.] 90

Giebel, Thesaurus Orn. ii. p. 631, 1875, where it is used as
a new name for Sharpe’s Cyornis simplex. He therefore
names it

Muscicapa collini, nom. nov.

Dr. Ernst Hartert’s attention had been kindly called by
Mr. A. Collin to the fact that Oriolus chinensis meridionalis
Hart. (Nov. Zool. iil. p. 155, 1896) is preoccupied by Oriolus
meridionalis Brehm, Isis, 1845, p. 332 (cf Vog. pal. Fauna,
p- 2045). He therefore proposes to call it

Oriolus chinensis macassariensis, nom. nov.

About this subspecies might also be consulted Meinertz-
hagen, ‘ Ibis,’ 1923, p. 68, where the differences are very
well stated.

Dr.-C. B. Ticesursr exhibited some Redwings from
Iceland and made the following remarks:—In the Bull.
B.O.C. xii. p. 28, the late Dr. Bowdler Sharpe described
the Redwing from Iceland as Zurdus coburni, but, as it was
obvious that this description was based on a very worn
breeding bird, the Icelandic race has never been con-
sidered to be recognizable. However, to my eyes, it seems
quite as good a race as many which are accepted, but none
ef Dr. Sharpe’s characters hold good. The Iceland bird is a
trifle darker olive on the upper parts and more washed with
olive on the breast and flanks than the Swedish bird, and it
runs larger in size. The original description stated that the
Icelandic bird is paler grey above, and paler on the flanks
and on the strize of the breast.

The following are the measurements :—

Pub it | am Re 736, W. 116-120
22 9, W. 118°5-120
England and Holland. 20 f g, 117-123
24 9 9, 118-121°5, once 123
Tecland viaateretiee es’ 16 $ g, 120°5 once, 121-128 ;
15 9 2, 120-130 75 °/, 122 or over.

rarely over 121,

91 | Vol. xlv.

~ Obs. Possibly some winter in Iceland, as I have a specimen

thence as late as November 27. It is almost certain to
occur in Great Britain in winter or on passage, but none of
the specimens from 8. England which I have examined is
referable to this race.

Dr. Ticzrnurst made the following remarks on the
Bearded Reedling (Panurus brarmicus) :—Of all the British
birds probably none is so entirely sedentary as the Bearded
Reedling, and one would expect that it of all birds would
have segregated out into a recognizable race. In order to
test this, I have been to some trouble to collect together from
various museums a considerable series of these birds (over
120 in all) from England (over 40) and from Continental
Hurope (Holland, France, Spain, Italy). The type was
described from the cage-birds brought over from Copenhagen
(Edwards, Av. 55. t. 55), but as the Reedling does not, and
never did, occur in Denmark, one must suppose that the
origin of these cage-birds was in reality Holland. Now, a
fair number of English birds are darker in general coloration
than Dutch and other continental birds, but this is by no
means constant. One may find some English birds pale,
and others from 8S. France, Italy, and Holland as dark as
any English ones, and therefore I do not consider it wise to
separate any English race.

The Eastern race, P. russicus, is, of course, a perfectly
recognizable form—a beautiful washed-out representative
of our bird,—and at the same time rather a remarkable
enigma. We know that some birds, such as Ammomanes,
have much the coloration of the ground they inhabit, and,
again, some birds show dark forms in “ wet”’ areas and paler
forms in “dry” areas, but at first sight it is not clear why
this eastern Reedling, which presumably lives in much the
same sort of habitat throughout its enormous range as the
Huropean bird, should have become so pale. If think some
general discussion on these lines at one of our Club meetings
would be most instructive.

Vol. xlv. | 92

Mr. E. C. Sruart Baker described the following new
species of Finches :— |

(1) Procarduelis nipalensis intensicolor, subsp. nov.

Similar to Procarduelis n. nipalensis, but deeper in colour,
both above and below. In the male the deep crimson, which
extends in a broad band across the upper breast of P. n.
nipalensis, ig in this race extended on to the edge of the
throat and practically over the whole of the lower breast and
posterior flanks and abdomen.

The female is much darker than is the female of P. n.
nipalensis and is also more smoky, less ochraceous, brown
than that bird.

Colours of soft parts. Iris brown; bill grey- or horny-
brown, lighter below ; legs and feet grey-brown (Forrest).

Measurements. Asin P. n. nipalensis.

Type. 1922.12.7.455, g§, Stephenson-Clarke Coll., British
Museum.

Mekong Salwin divide, Yunnan.

23,4 2 examined.

Instribution. Yunnan and Shan States.

(2) Passer montanus tibetanus, subsp. nov.

Similar to Passer m. montanus, but with the redder rump
of P. m. malaccensis and with a wing-measurement of 76 to
82 mm. as against a maximum of 75 mm. in the other
races.

Colours of soft parts. “Tris dark brown; bill Make gape
yellow ; legs fleshy ” ( Walton).

‘ie. No. 1905.12.31.289, ¢, Khumbajong, Tibet, Oct.
1903, Capt. H. I. Walton. British Museum Collection.

MNstribution. Tibet and Sikkim. <A specimen obtained on
the Abor Expedition, wing 79 mm., seems to belong to this
race.

Specimens examined, 6 ¢,2 2.

The material in the British Museum Collection is very
poor, and better material may show other colour-differences,

93 [ Vol. xlv.

in addition to the great difference in size between this and
other races of Tree-Sparrow.

Mr. Grecory M. Maruews sent the following nomen-
- clatural notes, viz. :—

Rorotonga, gen. nov., differs from Chastempis Cabanis in
having the sexes of a different colour, bill stronger and
higher, tail-feathers rounded and not distinctly pointed.
Type, Monarcha dimidiata Hartlaub & Finch, 1871.

Mohohina, gen. noy., differs from Moho Lesson in having

plumes on the side of the face. Type, Acrulocercus bishopi
Rothschild, 1893.

Pseudomoho, gen. nov., differs from Moho Lesson in having
quite a different tail-formation and in not having any
ornamental plumes. Type, Mohoa braccatus Cassin, 1855.

Magumma, gen. nov. Type, Himatione parva Stejneger,
1887. Perkins, Fauna Hawaiiensis, pt. vii. 1904, made for
this a new genus Rothschildia, but this name is pre-occupied
for a genus of moth, so the above is necessary.

Gummyza, gen. nov., differs from Leptomyza in not having |
the flat pouch on the opening of the ear. Type, Merops
samoensis Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841.

CALLIPTILUS SOLITARIUS (Latham), Cat. Birds Brit. Mus.
vol. xv. p. 42, 1891, should be called Calliptilus vaillunti
Shaw, Nat. Mise. vol. xxi. pl. 909, 1810, Fiji, as Latham’s
name is pre-occupied by Suckow, Naturg. vol. ii. p. 334,
1801.

Devieca, gen. nov., differs from Mierwca Gould in having
a heavier, more hooked bill, stronger feet. and claws, and
different-shaped tail. Type, Micraca papuana Meyer, 1875.

Addeca, gen. nov., differs from Micrwca Gould in having |
stouter feet and claws, longer and stouter nasal bristles,
nostrils not hidden. Type, Micreca addita Hartert.

Vol. xlv. | 94

Trocheligone, gen. nov., differs from Gerygone Gould in
having a heavier bill, stronger bristles, and long silky flank-

feathers. Type, Gerygone poliocephala Salvadori.

Pachycilodryas, gen. nov., combines in some feathers the
characters of Pachycephala and Pecilodryas. Type, Pecilo-
dryas modesta De Vis.

Cryptigata, gen. nov., differs from Cryptolopha Swains in
having a different colour-pattern, the rictal bristles not
strong, and the fifth primary the longest. Type, Cryptolopha
guulianetti (Salvadori), 1896.

Monarchalba, gen. nov., differs from Monarcha V. & H.
in having a different colour-pattern, a wedge-shaped tail,
and strong rictal bristles. Type, Monarcha mencke: Hein-
Gorn, 1902,

Monarcharses, gen. nov., differs from Monarcha V. & H.
in having a different colour-pattern, more rounded tail, and
stronger and heavier legs and feet. Type, Monarcha

godeffroyt Hartlaub, 1867.

Lorimonarcha, gen. nov., differs from Monarcha in having
a different colour-pattern, longer tail, and different wing-
pattern. Type, Monarcha loricatus Walker, 1863.

Chloromonarcha, gen. nov., differs from Monarcha in its
different colour-pattern and more slender bill and feet. Type,
Muscicapa chrysomela Lesson.

Neopomarea, gen. nov., differs from Pomarea Bp. in its
different colour-pattern and heavier bill and feet. Type,
Monarcha castaneiventris Verreaux, 1858.

Proceriolotes, gen. nov., differs from Joulehaio in not
having a wattle below the eye. Type, Ptzlotes procerior

Finsch & Hartlaub.

Alphaphilemon, gen. nov., differs from Philemon in not
having any of the head denuded of feathers and in having
longer and heavier bill and legs. Type, Yropidorhynchus
diemenensis Lesson, 1831.

95 [Vol. xlv.

Meruop oF DEPOSITION OF THE GG OF THE
Common Cuckoo.

The Committee desire to state that their attention having
been directed to the publication elsewhere, without permission,
by Mr. Edgar Chance of remarks he made at the November
(1924) meeting, together with republication in eatenso of
Mr. Bunyard’s communication, published in Bull. B.O.C.
xlv. pp. 12-14, they have pointed out to Mr. Chance that
this action was entirely out of order.

The Committee also desire to make it clear, as there appears
to be some misconception in the matter, that, with regard to
the footnote on p. 40 (vol. xlv.), their appointment of a
Committee to obtain, if possible, direct evidence of the
method of deposition of the egg by the Cuckoo must not be
taken to imply that they subscribed to Mr. Chance’s remarks
or that they had any intention of discrediting Mr. Bunyard’s
account of what he had observed. Their sole desire was to
assist in obtaining direct evidence of the method of deposition,
by the examination, if possible, of a Cuckoo about to lay.

NOTICES.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
May 18th, 1925, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great
Portland Street, W.1, the Dinner at 7 p.m.

Members intending to dine are requested to inform the
Hon. Sec. and Treasurer, Dr. G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street,
Grosvenor Square, W. 1.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice beforehand to the Hditor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe,
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to
place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for
publication in the Bulletin. ]

(Signed) :
H. F. Wirnersy, , Percy R. Lowz, Gkroras C. Low,
Chairman, Vi FQ dite Ta Sec. § Treas.
: a ai \TISH >
@ >
bei . “SS ‘
iz 2A, <
ig we Oy jj t ;

—
an

&

<i aa UL LE T IN

."
ry

OF THE

‘BRITISH Crean rere Gis TS’ “Cres:

$$$

No. CCXCVII.

THe two-hundred-and-ninety-third Meeting of the Club
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48, Great Portland
Street, W.,on Wednesday, May 13th, 1925.

Chairman: W. L. ScuatEr.

Members present :—H. G. ALEXANDER; HE. SHoreE Batty;
E. C.Sruart Baker; F.J. F. Barrinecron; Count Bosrin-
skoy; P. F. Bunyarp; A. L. BurLer; Col. SterpHenson
R. CLargKE; Lt.-Col. A. Detmi-Ratcuirre; Lt.-Col. H.
Detmé-RatcuirFeE; Major 8. 8. Frower; C. W. Mack-
WorRrH-PRAED ; The Hon. MAsavus1 Hacuisuka ; Rev. J. R.
Harte; L. M. Jopring; N: B. Kinnear; Dr. G: C. Low
Cron: Sec. ¢ Treas.); Dr. P. Ke Lowe (dior); N. 8.
Lucas; Lt.-Col. H. A. F. Macrara; P. H. Manson-Baur;
Mrs. A. MEINERTZHAGEN ; C. OLDHaM; H. L. Popoam; R. H.
Reap; Lord Roruscuitp ; D. Sera-Smiruy ; H. Stevens ;
Capt. S. Stokes; Prince Taka-Tsukasa; G. Dre H. Vaizey;
J. SLADEN Wine ; W. H. WorkMAN.

Guests :-—Lt.-Col. E. H. Hirn; A. F. Toorre; R. B.
VAIZEY.

{ May 80th, 1925, 1 a VOL. XLV.

Vol. xlv. ] 98
On behalf of Mons. Jean Delacour, Mr. W. lL. Scuater

exhibited some shells of the eggs of Mierophasis edwards
(Oust.). :

According to Mons. Delacour’s account, one of the three
hens imported from Quangtsi (Annam) in June 1924 began
to lay on March 23rd. In twelve days, six eggs were laid.
They were put under a hen, and all hatched on the 23rd
day (April 25th), which is peculiar, as Hrerophasis swinhoit,
it nearest ally, has an incubation-period of twenty-five days,
the usual period in the Kali] (Genneus) group.

The young Edwards’s Pheasants are quite different to those
of Swinhoe’s, being much more heavily marked on a lighter
ground-colour. The eggs are very similar to those of
A, swinhoit, but only half the size. They are light brownish
pink, with minute white dots.

After an interval of eight days, the hen laid another clutch
of six eggs. These are the first eggs and chicks known.

M. Delacour’s female, Hierophasis imperialis, has also
begun to lay ; the eggs are similar to the above, but larger,
although they are smaller than eggs of H. swinhoit. Another
hen, H. edwardsi, began to lay on April 25th.

TURDUS MUSICUS COBURNI IN ROSS-SHIRE.

Mrs. MEINERTZHAGEN exhibited some Redwings, and made
the following remarks :—

Members will remember that, at the last meeting of the
B.O.C., Dr. Ticehurst exhibited some Redwings from
Iceland, and pointed out that this race, named by Dr.
Sharpe, in the ‘Bulletin of the B.O.C.’ vol. xii. p. 28,
Turdus coburn, appeared worthy of recognition, but not on
the characters given by Dr. Sharpe. Dr. Ticehurst pointed
out that this race was darker olive on the upper parts and
more washed with olive on the breast and flanks than
Swedish specimens, and was also larger, the wing-measure-
ments of seven males from Sweden running from 116-
120 mm., as compared with 121-128 mm. (once 120°5 mm.)
of sixteen Iceland males.

99 [ Vol. xlv.

On looking at our series of Redwings on my return home,
I found a bird identical with the Iceland Redwings ex-
hibited, and was able next day to compare this specimen
with Dr. Ticehurst’s specimens, with which it agrees per-
fectly. It isa male, with a wing-measurement of 125 mm.;
and was shot by my husband in a birch valley in the east of
Ross-shire, on the 25th of October, 1924.

Mr. H. G. ALEXANDER gave the following account of the
present situation in regard to the preservation of Dungeness
as a Bird-Reserve :—

Members of the B.O.C. may have seen a notice in ‘ The
Times’ of the proposed sale of Dungeness. The Committee
of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds has been
investigating the position, and the sale has been temporarily
withdrawn. They now ask for the cooperation of the
B.O.U. and B.O.C., as well as the Zoological Society and
the Society for the Promotion of Nature Reserves, in a com-
mittee that could raise funds, if the R.S.P.B. can get an
option to purchase the land. It is understood that the sum
asked for is likely to be £5500 (£5 an acre), but an
annual income of about £140 could be obtained by letting
the grazing-rights, Ke.

The piece of land in question includes the whole stretch
from Greatstone Sandhills, on the north, to what is known
locally as No. 1 Coastguard Station, to the south, less than
a mile from Dungeness Lighthouse, a coast-line of some
three miles. The maximum breadth of the land for sale is
nearly one and a half miles trom east to west. It is all
shingle except for some patches of marshy pasture on the
north-east side, near the New Romney branch of the Southern
Railway.

Ornithologically, the main interest of this piece of land is
that it contains the whole of the one well-established nesting-
colony in this country of the Kentish Plover. From time |
to time single pairs or very small numbers of this bird have
nested on the shingle to the west of Dungeness—on the part
belonging to the Southern Railway, the part belonging to

Vol. xlv.] 100

the War Office, and even further west. It is possible that
if they were driven from their present territory by building
operations they would move further west, but this is a
possibility on which it would be unsafe to rely.

Apart from the Kentish Plovers, comparatively few birds
nest on this stretch of shingle: Ringed Plovers and Common
and Little Terns nest in some numbers, while two or three
pairs of Stone-Curlews nest annually. Common Gulls have
nested once or twice in recent years, and on the edge of the
marsh there are a few Redshanks and Yellow Wagtails.

If the land were acquired as a Nature-Reserve, there is
one possibility of development which is worth mentioning.
For many years past the South-Hastern Railway has
‘quarried ” part of the shingle near Dungeness for biue
flints that are saleable in the potteries. This is unpopular
among the local inhabitants, as the region thus quarried is
swampy, and in winter usually flooded, and the children have
to get to school across it. It is a dumping-ground for old
tins, etc., and is not beautiful. But it is not unpopular with
the birds. Black Redstarts flit about among the rusty tins
in autumn and spring ; Snow-Buntings come in the winter,
and before the war one bit was grown over with willow-:
bushes, where I have seen Icterine Warblers and Firecrests,
besides other small birds of passage. These bushes were cut
for firewood during the war. Most of this ground is near
the fishermen’s houses, but the remoter part is at present
the breeding-place for Lapwings, Redshank, and Snipe.

It might be worth while from a commercial point of view
to do some similar quarrying near the New Romney railway
line, where already there is good breeding-ground for Red-
shanks, and where springs of fresh water come out of the
shingle and flow across the marsh. This marshy ground
might thus: be made four or five times as extensive, and if
to the present rows of gorse, blackthorn, and bramble were
added some willows, reeds, etc., the region would almost
certainly bring Reed- and Sedge-Warblers, Snipe, and
Water-Rails as breeding birds, while such species as Rutffs,
Avocets, Black-tailed Godwits, Aquatic and other rare

Tol [ Vol. xlv.

Warblers, Garganey and other Ducks, and one or two species
of Harrier would, at any rate, occur from time to time as
passing migrants, and one or more of them might conceivably
“some time stay to breed. This may seem a ridiculous flight
of fancy, but it is to be remembered that all these birds are
fairly frequent visitors to that corner of England on migra-
tion, and that there is no more inherent impossibility in
their establishing a breeding colony, given a suitable site
and adequate protection, than there was in the Bittern re-
establishing itself in Norfolk, or the Common Gull estab-
lishing a colony on Dungeness Beach.

Two or three other considerations seem to deserve refer-
ence. First, the fate of this portion of Dungeness is bound
to have some influence on the whole stretch of shingle,
including the Hoppen Pits and some of the other parts to
the west of the point, which are admittedly, in some respects,
more interesting and more hopeful than the part that is
under consideration.

‘Secondly, Dungeness is of importance botanically and
entomologically, as well as ornithologically. Indeed, I think
one may claim that it is a place to which the much-abused
word “unique’’ really applies. I know of no other place
where the peculiar influence of the tides, combined with the
proximity in both directions of high chalk cliffs, has brought
together such a mass of undiluted shingle. The extent of
flat marsh separating this great shingle flat in all directions
from the mainland, the depth of the channel immediately
outside Dungeness, the expanse of sandy flats uncovered at
low tide towards Littlestone, and also some miles to the west,
add to the interest and tend to emphasise the peculiarities of
the natural life of this strange place.

There are two local sayings: one, that Romney Marsh is
the fifth quarter of the globe, and the other that Dungeness
is the last place God made and that He forgot to finish it.
These two sayings give a vivid impression of the appeal and —
interest of the region. To British naturalists, too, the
proximity to the Continent adds greatly to the interest of
Dungeness. No systematic study of Dungeness ornithology

as

Vol. xlv. | 102

has yet been carried out by a competent ornithologist, but
the observations of the R. 8. P. B. watchers and of occasional
visitors show that its possibilities are almost unlimited.
These general considerations may serve to show that the
proposal to acquire a large area of Dungeness as a national
Nature-Reserve is not solely due to the presence of the
Kentish Plover.

Nevertheless, to British ornithologists that is the out-
standing and all-important fact. The organised protection
of the beach was first undertaken by the R.S. P. B. over
twenty years ago. Good work has been done during all
that time, but the position of the Kentish Plover continued
to be precarious until about three years ago. It was impos-
sible for the protection to be satisfactorily done by one man
alone, who was not paid to give his whole time to the work.
Now, however, two men are employed, and one or other is
on the watch the whole time. The result has been most
encouraging. If the ground can be acquired and held by
the National Trust, this watching will be continued.

I hope members of the B. O. C. will support this scheme,
if the R.S. P. B. obtains the necessary option to purchase.

In the discussion which followed it was explained that the
B.O.U. Committee had appointed Mr. W. L. Sclater to
serve on the proposed Joint Committee, and that a general
appeal to members of the B.O.U. for promises of support
would be issued. Dr. G. C. Low was then chosen ay those
present to represent the B.O.C.

Mr. A. L. Burusr exhibited a nest of Nyctibius griseus
griseus (Gm.), obtained in Trinidad by Mr. Alec Muir in
April 1924. The “ nest,” in which a young bird had been
reared, consisted only of a hollow formed by the rotting out
of the soft pith at the summit of a broken-off sapling of the
3read-fruit tree, and only just large enough to contain the
single egg. ‘To illustrate the ball-and-socket fit of the egg
in he cavity an egg of a Lyncornis, of almost exactly
the size of that of the NVyctibius, was shown in the nest.
Dropping into the hollow just beyond its greatest diameter

103 [Vol. xlv.

the egg could be revolved with the fingers, but could not be
lifted. out by them.

While an ege of this species measures 41°5 x 30°5 mm.,
the cavity selected measured just 41°5 x 32 mm., the stump
itself being only 59 x 56°5 mm. across the broken top.

The bird incubates in a perfectly erect position, with its
head and neck stretched stiffly upwards, and its tail pressed
to the side of the stump, of which the bird appears to form
a part.

The bird ordinarily rests during the day in the same
attitude and on the top of a similar stump, whether incubating
an egg or not.

Mr. B. C. Srvarr Baker made the following remarks on
the Indian genus Sturnopastor :—

The species of Starling which has long been known as
Sturnopastor contra Linn. cannot, unfortunately, retain this
name, as Linnzeus on the same page, but in an earlier line,
had already named it Sturnus capensis. The species must
therefore become Sturnopastor capensis Linn., and S. contra
becomes a pure synonym.

There appear to be four well-marked races of this bird,
of which the following key gives the differences :-—

A. Forehead not streaked with white.
INI) Meee Tay a aoe dbs cole erd S. ce. capensis Linn.
Perr. SMe a te WP Oe as eae’ S. c. dehre.

B. Forehead streaked with white.
ce. Back brown, distinctly paler than

SPERMS / Jor Ae ARR oe cl a 2s) vshege'se! b ay0 S. ¢c. superciliaris Blyth,
d. Back blackish and not contrasting with
COM TNS ielbor oR ce er eR SUE ae en S. ce. flowert Sharpe.

Of these, S. c. dehre is now described for the first time.

Sturnopastor capensis dehre, subsp. nov.

Similar to S. ¢. capensis, but much paler and less richly
coloured.

Measurements and colours of soft parts as in S. c. capensis.

Distribution. South India, east of a line drawn from

Vol. xlv.] 104

Umballa to Hyderabad in the Deccan, and Masulipatam as
far east as Western Bengal, Behar, and Orissa, but not into —
Eastern Bengal or Assam.
Type. In the British Museum. ?, Dehra Dun, 20. xii.
1870 (G. King). Hume Coll. Reg. No. 87.7.1.146.
Type-locality. Dehra Dun.

CORRECTION.

Passer montanus tibetanus Stuart Baker, described in the
Bull. B.O.C. xlv. p. 92, 1924, becomes,a synonym of P.m.
obscuratus (Jacobi, Abh. Ber. Mus. Tier. Dresden, xvi.
1923, p. 32: Szechuen). Mr. F. Ludlow has recently sent
to the British Museum a series of skins, and these suffice to
show that the South Tibetan bird cannot be distinguished
from that of North-Hast Tibet and Szechuen.

Mr. Stuart Baxer also exhibited some nests and eggs
of the genus Hemiprocne and Batrachostomus, and pointed
out that these nests were interesting in connection with
Mr. Butler's exhibit of the remarkable nest of the Nightjar.
The Tree-Swifts, like the Nightjar, deposit their eggs in a
receptacle only just large enough to hold the egg or the
young ‘one when first hatched. These nests, made of
inspissated saliva, sometimes almost pure and sometimes
much mixed with tiny scraps of bark or feathers, are
attached to the sides of branches of trees, often at a great
height. The parent bird, when brooding or laying, perches
crossways on the branch, so that the vent and posterior
abdomen covers nest or young. Only a single egg is laid,
by any species of this genus, and those shown include
FH, coronata, [. comata, and H. longipennis. The eggs when
laid are a very pale bluish grey, but soon lose the clear tint
and become a yellow-grey.

The nests of the Frogmouths shown are those of B. moni-
liger and B. hodgson.. The former always lays one egg, the
latter always two, and it will be noticed that, although the
birds are much th@ same in size, the egg of the former

is very much larger than that of the latter. The nest is

4

105 [ Vol. xlv, -

made entirely of breast-down from the birds themselves,
‘and is decorated externally with scraps of down, spiders’
webs, etc., to assimilate it to the branch, on the upper
surface of which it is placed. In brooding, as in perching,
the Frogmouths sit lengthways on the horizontal branches
they select for the purpose.

*

Mr. N. B. Kriynear sent the following descriptions of
new birds :—

Tephrodornis gularis latouchei, subsp. nov.

Similar to 7. gularis hainanus Ogilvie-Grant, from Hainan,
but larger. In the male the upper parts are the same shade
as in 7. g. hainunus, but the rufous wash on the breast is
absent below ; while in the female the whole of the upper
side is darker and of a richer colour.

Measurements :—

T. g. tatouchet, 5 § 3, wings 121-122; 99 9,116-124mm.

T. 9. hainanus, 6 § 8, wings 11p-193; a2 9 5. bha-119 nana.

Type in the British Museum. No. 1905.12.24.368, ¢, /
Ah Cu’ung, Fohkien, 2 Mar., 1900, presented by C. B.
Rickett, Esq. 7

Distribution. Fohkien and Tonkin.

Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus intermedius, subsp. nov.

Intermediate in size between P. e. hainanus Ogilvie-
Grant and P. e. yamakanensis Rickett from Fohkien and
West-Central Yunnan. The colour of the underside in the
male is scarlet instead of pinkish carmine as in these two
forms ; while the female is a darker brown above, and the
abdomen and under tail-coverts paler and suffused with
yellowish.

Measurements :—

T. e. hainanus, 7 specimens ; wing 139-143 mm.
T. e. yamakanensis, 17 Pe 35 104-164 ;,,
T. e. intermedius, 3 * » 145-146 ,,

Vol. xlv.] 106

Type in the British Museum. No.36, 3, Bao Ha, Tonkin,
15 Nov., 1923, collected by H. Stevens and presented by the
Trustees of the Godman-Salvin Fund and Percy Sladen
Trust.

Distribution. Tonkin. Three specimens examined,

. Dr. Percy LowE communicated the description of a new
subspecies of Puffinus from the Fiji Islands, which he
proposed to call

Puffinus pacificus whitneyi.

Similar to Puffinus pacificus pacificus from the Kermadecs,
but with shorter toes and wings.

Three males and three females, all breeding, examined.

Colour of feet in the fresh state whitish, with outer toe
blackish brown.

Type. in the British Museum. 4, Kandavu Island, Fiji,
9 Nov., 1924 (A. H. Beck, coll. Whitney South Sea Exped.).
Reg. No. 1925.5.13.1.

Bill (expd. culm.) 39 mm. (average for males 39:5) ;
mid-toe with claw 55 mm. (average for males 55) ; tarso-
metatarsus 47 mm.; wing 294 mm.

Named in honour of Mr. H. P. Whitney.

Mr. Gregory M. Maruews sent the following nomen-
clatorial notes, viz. :—

Turdus ruficeps Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W. 1876,
p. 43, February, will replace Merula bicolor Layard,
Ibis, 1876, April.

Lamprolia | victorie| klinesmith Ramsay, ib., p. 68, 1876,
February, will replace Lamprolia minor Layard, Lhis,
Le26,.p. 155, Aprilt

Xanthotis chrysotis Lesson, March 22nd, 1828, will replace
Xanthotis faviventer id., June 1828.

107 [ Vol. xlv.
NOTICES.

The next Meeting of the Club, the last for the Session, will
be held on Wednesday, June 10th, 1925, at PAGANI’S
RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W.1, the Dinner
at 7 p.m.

Members intending to dine are requested to inform the
Hon. Sec. and Treasurer, Dr. G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street,
Grosvenor Square, W. 1. .

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice beforehand to the Hditor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe,
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to
place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for
publication in the Bulletin. |

(Signed )
W. L. Sciater, Percy R. Lowr, Grorce C. Low,
Chairman. Editor. Hon. Sec. § Treas.
$F pian a daa lei
CY Py o*a AS % i
2) é f 5
= es 9 a
/ ~ * < s

DAS ‘4 ia aged ‘ne ik
G: etd. . ee Nise : Sit

nit :

Pe eR aS
£0) PER Oe

: |
$e ina ere (09) eae Gh Siphi.t FB Ai
ied % at by ba! ir ti arty ry Sty de I gilt }

vv
eae ool Sk ean i

Cee be wae ey, ara

mi ish OF Aine #110,

¥ Fis
god rx S100 ye

SLIT L 88S soe

5

OF THE

Beetion: ORNITHOLOGISTS’’ CLUB:

No. CCXCVIII.

Tae two-hundred-and-ninety-fourth Meeting of the Club
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48, Great Portland
Street, W., on Wednesday, June 10th, 1925.

Chairman: Lord RoTHscHILD.

Members present:—K. Suore Barty; H.C. Stvart BAKER;
F. J. F. Barxineron; P. F. Bunyarp; A. L. Burner;
N. Corrart; Major 8. S. FLower; Rev. F. C.. RB.
JouRDAIN; N. B. Kinnear; Dr. G. C. Low (Hon. Sec. &
Treas.); C. W. Mackwortu-Praep; T. H. Newman;
©. OtpHam; C. B. Rickerr; D. Sera-Smiru; Major A. G.
L. Stapen; H. Kirke Swann; Prince Taxa-TsuKasa ;
B. W. Tucker.

Guests :—General R. M. Bretoam; C. E. Hetimayr ;
C. B. Horsprueu ; G. D. Smooxerr ; Colonel C. THoRNHILL ;
A. R. WESLEY. j

[July 31st, 1925, ] VOL. XLV.

Vol. xlv.] 110

Mr. H. Kirke Swann exhibited an example of the Tawny
Hagle (Aquila rapax cullen) from Rumania, and made the
following remarks :— |

The existence of a form of Tawny Eagle in the Dobrogea
was first made known in a communication from Dr. W. H.
Cullen, of Constanza, printed in ‘ The Ibis’ for 1867, p. 247,
where he stated that it was a permanent resident near
Constanza and that he had obtained birds and eggs there.
Later, two half-fledged birds were brought to him, and he
sent one in 1868 to the Antwerp Zoological Gardens,
where it lived a number of years and was described and
figured by Bree (‘Birds of Europe, ed. 2, i. p. 89, 1875)
under the name of Aguila cullent. Later it was again
figured by Dresser (‘Birds of Europe,’ v. pl. 341, 1880),
but from that time it seems to have been overlooked
or confounded with Aguila clanga or Aquila nipalensis
orientalis, and I know of no specimen existing in col-
lections.

During the recent expedition which J. H. McNeile and I
made to the Dobrogea, one of the birds I obtained was
the fine old male now shown, which is of importance since
it establishes this Hagle as an addition to the Huropean
avifauna. It was shot by a hunter at the village of Agighiol
on an estuary of the Razim Lake, a land-locked bay on the
Black Sea, on April 15, the day before we reached Tulcea,
and brought to Dr. A. Rettig of that town, who made a skin.
of it for me, as I recognized the interest of the specimen.
Rettig knew of the existence of A. rapaz in the Dobrogea,
but he thought this bird might be A. clanga. The village of
Agighiol is situated in open cultivated country, but not far
from the forest-region of Babadag.

The Rumanian bird has (when accepted at all) generally
been referred to the North African race, A. rapax belisarius ;
but, after carefully comparing this bird with the four birds
at Tring, I find it structurally different, and, having regard
to the great distance by which it is separated from the
North African race, this is not surprising. I consider

11% [ Vol. xlv.

therefore the Rumanian bird must form a separate race,
for which Bree’s name must stand :— ;

AQUILA RAPAX CULLENI Bree, Bds. Europe, ed. 2, i. p. 89,
and pl. (1875) [Constanza, Dobrogea].

Hab. Black Sea coast of the Dobrogea, Rumania.

The male bird shown is rather larger than A. rapax
belisartus and apparently rather darker above and below,
although it is in the brown plumage of the very old bird ;
while the male bird at Tring is not in the oldest plumage,
for it still shows some ochraceous colour on the underparts.
Of the three females at Tring, one is quite immature in the
albescent plumage, one in the intermediate or more tawny
plumage, and one approaching the oldest plumage.

The principal points in which A. r. cullena differs from
A. r. belisarius are the smaller and less high culmen, the
shorter claws, aud the longer tarsus.

The comparative measurements are :—

AL de. Ae ts Ase
cullent, . belisarius, 3. belisarius, 2.

mm. mm, mm.
Length of wing (by flexible 525 512 540-555
, rule).
Peoria GF tail, . 4 Ios ...06 255 240 270
Length of culmen (by dividers) 56 38°5 40°5-45
ferme oreulmen ........-, 19 21 21
Bre OP Di es ets oo 24. 29 27-29
Weneth of tarsus ..4.:..... 97 Sith 93
Length of outer claw........ 19 21°5 22-24
Leneth of inner claw........ 29 31:5 32-345
Length of middle claw...... 25 27 27-30
Length of hind claw..,..... 29°5 325 30-37

Mr. A. L. Butter exhibited a selection of six specimens
of the remarkable Humming-bird, Loddigesia mirabilis,
known only from a very restricted area in North Peru, and
still very scarce in collections.

Four adult males, a female, and an immature male were
shown, all collected by Mr. O. T. Baron in Uctober 1895 at
San Pedro, on the road from Cajamarea to Chachapoyas.

Vol. xlv.] 112

Mr. Butler was aware that a beautiful series of this bird
had been exhibited by Lord Rothschild at a meeting of the
Club as long ago as June 1896, but he did not know whether
the attitude assumed by the male in displaying before the
female had been mentioned on that occasion. It had been
briefly described by Mr. Baron in the ‘ Novitates Zoologicee’
fer 1897. One of the birds now shown had been mounted
by that collector to illustrate the display of the male, and
Mr. Butler thought this was the only specimen that had
been so prepared.

Ordinarily, when the bird is at rest with the tail fully
closed, the singular wire-like curved outer rectrices, each
bearing a terminal spatule or disc an inch in diameter, cross
each other close to the tail-root and cross again at about half
their length. In the act of display they are spread apart
until their bases are exactly opposite to each other and at
right angles to the body, this action, and the semicircular
curve of the shafts, projecting the flag-like spatules above
and in front of the bird’s head. The spatules are brought
forward in this manner, either when the bird is sitting on a
twig, in which case the wings are spread and raised at the
same time, or when the bird is hovering in the air close to |
the female. It is noteworthy that Gould (Mon. Trochilide,
vol. iii. letterpress to pl. 161) had suggested the possibility
of this attitude after examining the only specimen known
during his life-time.

The muscular control of these feathers possessed by the
bird must be very complete, as Mr. Baron observed that the
spatules were frequently flipped together so as to produce a
sharp clicking sound. In the young male exhibited, one of
the long disc-bearing feathers was fully developed, while the
corresponding feather of the immature plumage was not yet
shed. Mr. Butler stated that he had seen several young
males in a similar condition, but that in the moult of adult
males the replacing of these feathers appeared to be syin-
metrical, specimens obtained in July having both discs fully
expanded and just clear of the tail-root.

113 [ Vol. xlv.

Concluding with some remarks on the history of this bird,
Mr. Butler said that the type-specimen, sent to Mr. George
Loddiges by his plant-collector Matthews in 1835 (after which
the species was not obtained again until its rediscovery by
Messrs. Stolzmann and Jelski in 1879), was still in perfect
preservation, with the whole of the Loddiges collection,
which contained several Humming-bird types, in the
possession of the collector’s grandson, Mr. G. B. Loddiges,.
at Barnes,S.W. Wolf’s beautiful plate of the birdin Gray’s
‘Genera of Birds’? was an exact representation of this
specimen as mounted in flight by Mr. Loddiges, even to the
yellow eyes which had been incorrectly inserted in it, and
which somewhat marred this otherwise perfect illustration.

Lord RotHscHiLD remarked that Mr. Butler was in error
in believing the specimen exhibited to be the only one
mounted in the attitude of display. Mr. Baron had mounted
three of his specimens in a similar manner, and one of the
other two was now in the Tring Museum.

Mr. P. F. Bunyarp exhibited a number of fully-ripened
oak-galls which had been attacked by the Green Woodpecker,

Picus viridis virescens, and made the following remarks :—

While resting on a Surrey common on May 16th, I saw
a Green Woodpecker fly towards a small oak-tree with
something in its beak, one or two sharp movements with the
head were made and the object dropped to the ground. On
inspection J found half an oak-gall tightly wedged in the
apex of a pointed hole, about 14 inches deep, obviously made
by the Woodpecker.

A quantity of these attacked galls were laying at the base
of the tree, some of which I exhibit; it will be seen in most
cases that these have been split in half.

In some instances the two halves are held together by the
stem, which forms a natural hinge. On closing the two
halves it is possible to see that one blow was sufficient, in
others two were required to split the galls, other specimens

Vol. xlv.] 114

show that the attack was not always successful, these having
been apparently torn open from various angles until the
centre was reached and the weevil secured. As far as I am
aware, this is a new habit of the Green Woodpecker—or, at
least, I have not previously observed it.

The Rev. F. C. R. JourDAIn pointed out that the galls
exhibited were not caused by a Weevil,as had been suggested
by the exhibitor, but were those of a well-known Phyto-
phagous Hymenopteron, Cynips kollari Htg. The habit of
fixing these galls in fissures of bark or holes and splitting
them to get at the larva had also been previously recorded of
Dryobates major anglicus.

Mr. CG. OtpHAmM stated that he had seen Dryobates minor
comminutus attacking the galls in situ, for the same purpose.

Mr. Grecory M. Maruews sent the following nomen-
clatorial notes, viz. :—

Broderipus chinensis rileyi, nom. nov. for Oriolus meri-
dionalis Hartert, 1896, not Brehm, Isis, 1845, col. 332.

Manucorax, gen. nov., differs from Manucodia of authors
in lacking the little crest of feathers on the forehead. It also
has a different-shaped tail. Type, Phonygama ater Lesson.

Chalygama, gen. nov., differs from Phonygammus L. & G.
in having a squarish tail and the eye-tufts more erect.
Type, Phonygama hunsteint Sharpe.

115 [ Vol. xlv.
NOTICES.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
October 14th, 1925, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great
Portland Street, W.1, the Dinner at 7 p.m.

Members intending to dine might kindly inform the Hon.
Sec., Dr. G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, Grosvenor Square, W. 1.

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING.

This will also be held at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT on
Wednesday, October 14th, 1925, at 5.45 p.m. An Agenda and
Balance Sheet will be issued in September.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice beforehand to the Editor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe,
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to
place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for
publication in the Bulletin. |

(Signed)
ROTHSCHILD, Percy R. Lows, GrEORGE C. Low,
Chairman. Editor, Hon. Sec. & Treas,

ci bat

WED RO TEG CE 256s
re ie Bien} ve ts wi

oe ake’)
; i

, ead
po ee

[ Names of new species and subspecies are indicated by clarendon type
under the generic entry only. ]

Acrulocercus bishopi, 93.

Actinodura ramsayi minor,
subsp. n., 74.

addita, Micreca, 98.

Addceca, gen. n., 93.

fEthopyga siparaja mangini,
subsp. n., 34.

albidinucha, Domieella, 7.

albiventer, Pnoepyga, 9.

pallidior, Pnoepyga, 10.

albiventris, Tchitrea, 76.

alexanderi, Eremomela flaviventris,
77.

Alphaphilemon, gen. n., 94.

alpina alpina, Calidris, 40.

— srhinzti, Calidris, 40.

altaicus, Falco, 18.

—., Gypaétus barbatus, 86.

Amadina pectoralis, 84.

Ammomanes cinctura pallida, 26.

deserti azizi, subsp. n., 20,

26.

payni, subsp. n., 36.
amye, Turdinulus epilepidotus, 73.
_anatarius, Mergus, 48.

anglicus, Dryobates major, 114.
annamensis, Criniger tephrogenys, 32.
——, Micropternus brachyurus, 31.
annectens, Tephrodornis gularis, 75.
——- pelvicus, 75.

apicaudus lowet, Sphenocercus, 31.
Aquila chrysaétos, 64,

canadensis, 70.
chrysaétos, 69.

— — daphanea, 70,

Julvus, 69.

homeyert, 70.

japonica, 71.

nobilis, 70.

regalis, 69.

daphanea, 66.

VOL. XLV.

——

—

———

———

——d

—

—— —

Aquila fulva, 66.

atlantica, 66.

—— — barthelemyi, 66.
canadensis, 66.

homeyeri, 66.

Japonica, 66.
kamtschatica, 66.

regalis, 66.

nobilis, 66.

rapax belisarius, 110.

culleni, 110.
argentauris rubrogularis, Mesia, 75.
assamensis, Psaroglossa spiloptera,

ater, Phonygama, 114.

atlantica, Aquila fulva, 66.

aucheri, Lanius excubitor, 27.

aximensis, Pedilorhynchus comitatus,
4d.

azizt, Ammamones deserti, 20, 26.

bafirawari, Bradornis, sp. n., 41.
balearica, Muscicapa striata, 5.
bannermani, Cyornis pallipes, 32.
barbatus, Gypaétus, 84.

altaicus, Gypaétus, 86.
— barbatus, Gypaétus, 85.
grandis, Gypaétus, 85.
hemachalanus, Gypaétus, 85.
meridionalis, Gypaétus, 86.
barthelemyi, Aquila fulva, 66.
butesi, Batis minor, 54,

Batis capensis capensis, 50.
dimorpha, 50.
erythrophthalma, 50,
— diops, 52.

Fratrum, 56.

aturtensis, 51,

minima, 51.

minor bates, d4.

— — chadensis, p4.

—EEE

Vol. xlv.|

Batis minor congoensis, 54.
erlangert, 53.
minor, 5d.
nyanze, OA,
suahelicus, 54.
— minilla, 51.

— mizta, 51.

molitor molitor, 52.
puella, 52.

soror, 32.

—— mystica, 55.

orientalis bella, 55.
orientalis, 55.
—— -— perkeo, 59.
somaliensis, 55.
poensis, O1.

pririt, 53.

reichenowt, 51.
senegalensis, 5d.
Batrachostomus hodgsoni, 104.
moniliger, 164.

bella, Batis orientalis, 55.
bengalensis, Timalia pileata, 9.
biarmicus, Panurus, 91.
bicalcaratus, Polyplectron, 73.
bicolor, Merula, 106.

bishopi, Acrulocercus, 93,
blythi, Muscicapa, 89.
bonthaina, Pachycephala, 87.
braccatus, Mohoa, 93.
brachyurus annamensis, Micropternus,

———y

—y

—EE

———

—

Bradornis bafirawari, sp. n.,
41.

brevicandatus stevensi, Turdinulus,

Broderipus chinensis rileyi,
nom. n., 114.

Bubo bubo desertorum, 26.

Budytes flava leucocephala, 39, 40.

buryi, Passer domesticus, 20.

Butalis comitatus, 45.

Buteo ferox, 27.

Calidris alpina alpina, 40.

schinzii, 40.

Calliope davidi, 11.

Calliptilus solitarius, 93.

vaillanti, 93.

camerunensis, Pedilorhynchus comt-
tatus, 45.

canadensis, Aquila chrysaétos, 70.

JSulva, 66.

canorus, Cuculus, 12, 40, 95.

Capella gallinago, 25.

capensis, Sturnopastor, 103.

capensis, Batis, 50.

dehre, Sturnopastor, 103.

—— dimorpha, Batis, 50.

— erythropthalma, Batis, 50.

118

Carduelis, 87.

Carpodacus, 37,

erythrinus, 37.

carunculatus, Philesturnus, 76.

, Sturnus, 76.

castaneiventris, Monarcha, 94.

Centropus violaceus, 9.

Cephalopyrus flammiceps
saturatus, subsp. n., 15.

Certhia familiaris ernsti,
subsp. n., 17.

chadensis, Batis minor, 54,

Chalygama, gen. n., 114.

Charadrius pluvialis, 59.

Chaunoproctus, 38.:

chinensis klossi, Cissa, 34.

macassariensis, Oriolus, 90.

meridionalis, Oriolus, 99.

rilyet, Broderipus, 114.

chinguis ghigii, Polyplectrum, 30.

Chloromonarcha, gen. n., 94.

chloropus var., Gallinula, 9.

chrysaétos, Aquila, 64.

canadensis, Aquila, 70.

— chrysaétos, Aquila, 69.

daphanea, Aquila, 70.

— fulvus, Aquila, 69.

homeyeri, Aquila, 70.

japonica, Aquila, 71.

nobilis, Aquila, 70.

regalis, Aquila, 69.

chrysomela Muscicapa, 94.

chrysotis, Xanthotis, 106.

cinctura pallida, Ammomanes, 26.

cinerascens nova, Monarcha, 89.

cirlus, Emberiza, 1?.

Cissa chinensis klossi, subsp. n.,
34.

citrinella, Emberiza, 37.

cloatesi, Gelochelidon nilotica, 41.

coburm, Turdus, 90.

musicus, 98.

Coccothraustes, 37.

celica, Eh ythrura prasina, 84.

cognacgs, Tropicoperdix, 29.

collini, Muscicapa, 90.

comata, Hemiprocne, 104.

comitatus, Butalis, 45.

, Pedilorhynchus, 45.

—, comitatus, 45.

aximensis, Pedilorhynchus, 45,

— camerunensis, Pedilorhynchus,

45.

comitatus, Pedilorhynchus, 45.

— stuhlmannii, Pedilorhynchus,
45.

comminutus, Dryobates minor, 114.

congoensis, Batis minor, 54, *

contra, Sturnopastor, 103.

coronata, Hemiprocne, 104.

Corvus c. ruficollis, 27.

Corvus paradoxus, 75.

Creadion paradoxus, Td.

Criniger tephrozenys anna-
mensis, subsp. n., 32.

henrict, 32.

cristata, Pseudotadorna, 46.

Cryptigata, gen. n., 94.

Cryptolopha guilianetti, 94.

cucullatus, Hyphantornis, 70.

Cuculus eanornis, 12, 40, 95.

cullent, Aquila rapax, 110.

Cyanocompsa, 37.

Cyornis magnirostris, 44.

pallipes bannermani,

subsp. n., 32.

simplex, 90.

daphanea, Aquila, 66.

, —— chrysaétos, 70.

Dauria, 36.

daurica striolata, Hirundo, 27.

vernayt, Hirundo, 27.

davidi, Calliope, 11.

dehre, Sturnopastor contra, 103.

desertt azizi, Ammomanes, 20, 26.

payni, Ammomunes, 36.

desertoruwm, Bubo bubo, 26.

Deviceca, gen n., 9-5.

devittata, Domicella hypoinochroa, 8.

diemensis, Tropidorhynchus, 9A.

diluta, Thringorhina guttaté, 11.

dimidiata, Monarcha, 93.

dimorpha, Batis capensis, 50.

diops, Batis, 52.

domesticus, Passer, 37.

buryi, Passer, 20.

hufufe, Passer, \9, 26.

Domicella albidinucha, sp.
eee

hypoinochroa devittata, 7.

Drepanornis brnijgnt, .

Drymocataphus tickelli oliva-
ceus, subsp. n., 11.

Dryobates major anglicus, 114.

—— minor comminutus, 114.

Duyvena, gen. n., 87.

duyvenbodei, Nectarinia, 87.

eburnea, Pagophila, 12.

Kdolisoma oliense, 87.

edwardsi, Hierophasis, 30, 98.
eichhorni, Philemon, 8.

Minberiza cirlus, 12.

— citrinella, 37.

— g. godlewskii, 39.

s. spodocephala, 39.
epilepidotus amye, Turdinulus, 13.
Kremomela flaviventris alexanderi,

17.

119

[ Vol. xlv..

Eremomela flaviventris griseoflava,

77.

78.
——- — sahare, subsp. n., 77.
sudane, subsp. n., 77.
erlangert, Batis minor, 53.
ernstt, Certhia familiaris, 17.
Eroessa, 36.
erythrinus, Carpodacus, 37.
erythrocephalus hainanus, Pyrotrogon,
105.
intermedius, Pyrotrogon, 105.
yamakanensis, Pyrotrogon, 105,
erythrophthalma, Batis capensis, 50.
Erythrura prasina ccelica,
subsp. n., 84.
Ethelornis mouki Keri, nom. n.,
41.
everettt, Monarcha, 87.
excubitor aucheri, Lanius, 27.

—— karamojensis, subsp. n.,

Falco altaicus, 18.

—— lorenzi, 18.

regalis, 65.

Jamiliaris ernsti, Certhia, 17.

ferox, Buteo, 27.

jlammiceps saturatus, Cephalopyrus,
15.

jlava leucocephala, Budytes, 39, 40.

jlaviceps, Zosterops, 86.

Jluviventer, Xanthotis, L06..

alexandert, Hremomela, 77.

— griseoflava, Eremomela, 77.

karamojensis, Hremomela, 78.

sachare, Eremomela, 77.

sudane, Eremomela, 77.

Jflavoviridis, Neomizis, 35.

tratrum, Batis, 56.

Ffretensis, Tephrovornis gularis, 28.

; pelvicus, 28, 7d.

Fulgidus, Onychognanthus, 5,

Buliqula homeyeri, 48.

Sulva, Aquila, 66.

atlantica, Aquila, 66.

harthelemyt, Aquila, 66.

canadensis, Aquila, 66.

homeyeri, Aquila, 66.

— kamtschatica, Aquila, 66,

japonica, Aquila, 66.

regalis, Aquila, 66.

fulvus, Aquila chrysaétos, 69.

gallingo, Capella, 25.

Gallinula chloropus var., 9.

Garrulax moniliger pasquieri,
subsp. n , 32,

pectoralis meridivi alis, 28,

= —_.. subsufiusa, 28.

Vol. xlv. |]

Gelochelidon nilotica cloatesi,
non. n., 41.

Gerygone palhda, 41.

- poliocephala, 94.

ghigit, Polyplectrum chinquis, 30.

godeffroyi, Monarcha, 94.

godlewskii, Emberiza g., 39.

gouldt, Mastersornis ruficollis, 41.

gracilis hufufe, Prinia, 19, 26.

grandis, Gypaétus barbatus, 85.

Graucasoma, gen. n., 87.

grisea siccata, Pyrrhulauda, 87.

griscoflava, Eremomela flaviventris,
77.

griseus griseus, Nyctidius, 102.

guilianetit, Cryptolopha, 94.

gularis annectens, Tephrodornis, 75.

Fretensis, Tephrodornis, 28.

latouchet, Tephrodornis, 105.

sordidior, Yuhina, 74.

Gummy2za, gen.n., 93.

gutiata diluta, Thringorhina, 11.

Gymnorhis, 37.

pyrgita kakamarie,
subsp. n., 76.

Gypaétus barbatus, 84.

altaicus, 86.

—- — grandis, 89.

hemachalanus, 85.

meridionalis, 86.

——

hainanus, Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus,
105.

hemachalanus, Gypaétus barbatus,
85.

Heiniprocne comata, 104.

coronata. 104.

longipennis, 104.

henrici, Criniger tephrogenys, 32.

Hierophasis edwardsi, 30, 98.

imperialis, sp. n., 29, 98.

swinhoit, 98.

Himatione parva, 98.

Hirundo daurica striolata, 28.

vernayi, subsp. n., 27.

hodgsoni, Batrachostomus, 104.

homeyeri, Aquila chrysaétos, 70.

, —— Julva, 66.

—-, Fuliguia, 48,

hufufe, Passer domesticus, 19, 26.

, Prinia gracilis, 19, 26.

hinsteini, Phonygama, 114.

Hylocitrea, gen.n., 87.

Hyphantornis cucullatus, 79.

hypoinochroa devittata, Domicella, "7.

imperialis, Hierophasis, 29, 98.

inornatus, Monarcha, 86.

intensicolor, Procarduelis nipalensis,
92.

intermedia, Timalia pileata, 9.

120

intermedius, Pyrotrogon erythro-
cephalus, 105.
aturvensis, Batis, 51.

japonica, Aquila chrysaétos, 71.
, —— fulva, 66.
japonicus, Lagopus mutus, 15.

jerdoni, Timatia pileata, 9

kakamarie, Gymnorhis pyrgita, 76.

kamtschatica, Aquila fulva, 66.

karamgjensis, Eremomela flaviventris,
iter

keri, Hthelornis mouki, 41.

kikuchii, Passer rutilans, 16.

kinneari, Mixernis, 33.

klinesmithi, Lamprolia victoria, 106,

klossi, Cissa chinensis, 34.

kurilensis, Lagopus mutus, 15.

Lagopus mutus gaponicus, 15.
kurilensis, subsp. n.,

15.
Lamprolia minor, 106.
(victoria) klinesmithi, 106.
Lanius excubitor aucheri, 27.
lateralis mugga, Zosterups, 86.
latirosiris, Myiagra, 41.
latouchet, Tephrodornis gularis, 105,
leucocephala, Budytes flava, 39, 40.
Leucosticte margaritacea, 40.
leucotis mesopotamie, Pycnonotus,
26.
Lilia substriata, 28.
Loddigesia mirabilis, 111.
longipennis, Hemiprocne, 104.
lorenzi, Falco, 18.
loricatus, Monarcha, 94.
Lorimonarcha, gen. n., 94.
lowei, Sphenocercus apicaudus, 31.
Loxia, 38.
lugubris, Motacilla, 12.
Luscinia sibilans, 39,

macassariensis, Oriolus

90.
magnirostris, Cyornis, 44.
Magumma, gen. n., 93.
major anglicus, Dryobates, 114.
malacca orientalis, Munia, 58.
mangint, Atthopyga siparaja, 34.
Manucorax, gen. n., 114.
manyar peguensis, Ploceus, 58.
striatus, Ploceus, 58.
margaritacea, Leucosticte, 40.
Mastersornis ruficollis gouldi,

nom, n., 41.

chinensis,

121

melanoleuca, Muscicapula, 89.

menckei, Monarcha, 94.

mendane, Rhyticeros plicatus, 46.

Mergus anatarius, 48.

meridionalis, Gurrulax pectoralis,
28.

—., Gypaétus barbatus, 86.

, Oriolus, 114.

3 chinensis, 90.

merlini, Tropicoperdix, 28.

Merops samoensis, 93.

Merula bicolor, 106.

Mesia argentauris rubrogu-
laris, subsp. n., 75.

mesopotanie, Pycnonotus leucotis, 26.

Micreca addita, 93.

— papuana, 93.

Micropternus brachyurus
annamensis, subsp. n., 31.

mininut, Batis, 51.

minor, Actinodura ramsayt, 74.

, Lamprolia, 106.

— - batesi, Batis, 54.

— chadensis, Batis, 54.

—— comminutus, Dryobatis, 111.

— congoensis, Batis, 4.

— erlangert, Batis, 33.

—- minor, Batis, 53.

—- nyanz@, Batis, o4.

suahelicus, Batis, 54.

minulla, Batis, 51.

mirabilis, Loddigesia, 111.

Mixornis kinneari, sp. n., 33.

mixta, Batis, 51.

modesta, Poecilodryas, 94.

Mohoa braccatus, 98.

Mohohina, gen. n., 93.

molitor molitor, Batis, 52.

puella, Butis, 52.

soror, Batis, 52.

Molothrus, 38.

monachus kikuyuensis, Oriolus, 78,
79.

rolleti, Oriolus, 78.
Monarcha castaneiventris, 94.
cinerascens nova, nom. n.,

86.
—— dimidiata, 93.
—— everetti, 87.
— godeffroyi, 94.
—— inornatus, 80.
loricatus, 94.
menckei, 94.
Monarchalba, gen. Ms 94.
Monarcharses, gen. n., 94.
moniliger, Batr Tense. 104,
—-- pasquieri, Garrulax, 32.
montanus, Onychognathus moro, 6.
ohscuratus, Pusser, 104.
tihetanus, Passer 92, 104,
Montifringilla, 37, 38.

[Vol, xlv.

morio, Onychognathus, 5.

montanus, Onychognathus, 6.

morio, Onychognathus, 5.

neumanni, Onychognathus, 6.

rueppelli, Onychognathus, 6.

shelleyi, Onychognathus, 5.

Motacilla lugubris, 12.

mouki keri, Ethelornis, 41.

mugga, Zosterops lateralis, 86.

Munia malacca orientalis,
subsp. n., 58.

Muscicapa blythi, 89.

chrysomela, 94.

— collini, nom. n., 90.

striata balearica, 5.

Muscicapula melanoleuca, 89.

musicus coburni, Turdus, 98.

mutus japonicus, Lagopus, 15.

— kurtlensis, Lagopus, 15.

Myiagra latirostris, 41.

mystica, Batis, 55.

tI

nabouroup, Onychognathus, 5.

nana, Sylvia, 27.

Nectarinia duyvenbodet, 87.

Neomixis flavoviridis, sp. n.,
35.

Neopomarea, gen. n., 94.

Nesospiza, 38.

nilotica cloatesi, Gelochelidon, 41.

nipalensis intensicolor, Procarduelis,
92.

nobilis, Aquila, 66.

: chry ysaétos, 7 70.

nova, Monarcha cinerascens, 86.

nyanze, Batis minor, 54.

Nyectibius griseus griseus, 102.

obiense, Edolisoma, 87.
obscuratus, Passer montanus, 104.
obsoleta obsoleta, Ptyonoprogne, 26.
Oidemia steynegert, 39
olivaceus, Drymocataphus tichkelli, 11.
ONG CE Senet a 5.
- morio, 5.
montanus, 6.
mori, d.
neumanni, 6,
rueppelli, 6.
shelleyi, 5.
nabouroup, d.
Oreomyias riisi, 44.
orientalis, Munia malacca, 58.
bella, Batis, 5D.
orientalis, Batis, 55.
perkeo, Batis, &5.
somaliensis, Batis, 5d.
Oriolus chinensis macassa-
riensis, nom. n., 90.

ee!
ave

Vol. xlv. |

Oriolus chinensis meridionalis, 90.
—— meridionalis. 114.

monachus kikuyuensis, 78, 79.
rolleti, 78.

Oryzoborus, 37.

Pachycephala bonthaina, 87.
Pachycilodryas, gen. n., 94.
pacificus whitneyt, Puffinus, 106.
Pagophila eburnea, 12.

pallida, Ammomanes cinctura, 26.
pallida, Gerygone, 41.

pallidior, Pnoepyga albiventer, 10.
pallipes bannermant, Cyornis, 32.
Panurus biarmicus, 91.

russicus, 91.

papuana, Micreca, 93.
paradoxus, Corvus, 75.

-- Creadion, 75.

parva, Himatione, 93.

pasquiert, Garrulax moniliger, 32.
Passer, 37.

——— domesticus, 37.

buryt, 20.

hufufee, subsp. n., 19.
—— montanus obscuratus, 104.
tibetanus, subsp. n., 92,

oe

104.
—— rutilans kikuchii, subsp. n.,
16.
paynt, Ammomanes deserti, 36.
pectoralis, Amadina, 84.
, Uroloncha, 84.
meridionalis, Garrulax, 28.
subsuffusa, Garrulaa, 28.
Pedilorhynchus comitatus axi-
mensis, subsp. n., 40.
camerunensis, 45.
comitatus, 45.
stuhlmannt, 44, 45.
peguensis, Ploceus manyar, 58.
pelvicus annectens, Tephrodornis, 28,
75.
fretensis, Tephrodornis, 75.
vernayt, Tephrodornis, 28.
perkeo, Batis orientalis, 55.
Petronia, 37.
Philemon eichhorni, sp. n., 8.
Philesturnus carunculatus, 76.
Phonygama ater, il4.
hunsteini, 114.
Phonygammus yorki, sp. n.,
1

——

Picus viridis virescens, 113.
Piezormona, geu. n., 37.
pileata bengalensis, Timalia, 9.
intermedia, Timalia, 9.
jerdont, Timalia, 9.
Pitylus, 38.

plicatus mendane, Rhyticeros, 46.

122

Ploceus manyar peguensis,
subsp. n., 53.

-—— striatus, 58.

pluvialis, Charadrius, 59.

Pnoepyga albiventer, 9.

pallidior, nom. n., 10.

squamata, 9.

Pecilodryas modesta, 94,

poensis, Batis, 51.

poliocephala, Gerygone, 94.

Polyplectron bicalcaratus, 78.

Polyplectrum chinguis ghigii,
subsp. n., 30.

prasina celica, Hrythrura, 84.

Prinia gracilis hufufe, subsp. n.,
19, 26.

pririt, Batis, 53.

Procarduelis nipalensis inten-
sicolor, subsp. n., 92.

Proceriolotes, gen. n., 94.

procerior, Ptilotis, 94.

Psaroglossa spiloptera assam-
ensis. subsp. n., 14.

Pseudomoho, gen. n., 93.

Pseudotadorna cristata, 46.

Pterocles senegallus, 27.

Prilotis procerior, 94.

Piyonoprogne obsoleta obsoleta, 26..

puella, Batis molitor, 52.

Puffinus pacificus whitneyi,
subsp.n., 106.

Pycnonotus leucotis mesopotamica,
26.

Pyrgilauda, 37.

pyrgita kakamarie, Gymnoriis, 76.

Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus hainanus,
105.
105.

intermedius, subsp. n.,

yamakanensis, 105.
Pyrrhulauda grisea siccata,
subsp. n., 87.

ramsayi minor, Actinodura, 74.

rapax cullent, Aquila, 114.

Rarotonga, gen. n., 93.

regalis, Aquila chrysaétos, 69.

; Sulva, 66.

, Halco, 6d.

reichenowt. Batis, 51.

Rhyticeros plicatus men-
dane, subsp. n., 46.

Richmondena, 387.

riisi, Oreomyias, 44.

rileyt, Boderipus chinensis, 111.

Rothschildia, 93.

rubrogularis, Mesia argentaurus, 75.

ruepellt, Onychognathus morio, 6.

ruficeps. Turdus, 106.

ruficollis, Corvus c., 27.

123

ruficollis gouldi, Mastersornis, 41.

rufiventris, Uroloncha, 84.

rufogularis stevenst, Scheeniparus,
10,

russicus, Panurus, 91.

vutilans kikuchii, Passer, 16.

sahare, Eremomela flaviventris, 77.

Saltator, 38.

samoensis, Merops, 938.

saturatus, Cephalopyrus flammiceps,
15.

schinzit, Calidris alpina, 40.

Schoeniparus rufogularis ste-
vensi, subsp. n., 10

senegalensis, Batis, 59.

senegallus, Pterocles, 27.

shelleyi, Onychognathus morio, 5.

sibilans, Luscinia, 39.

sibiricus, lurdus s., 39.

siccata, Pyrrhulauda grisea, 87.

simplex, Cyornis, 90.

siparaja mangini, Aithopyga, 34.

solitarius, Calliptilus, 93.

somaliensis, Batis orientalis, 55.

sordidior, Yuhina gularis, 74.

soror, Batis molitor, 52.

Sphenocercus apicaudus
lowei, subsp. n., 31.

spiloptera assamensis, Psaroglossa, 14.

spodocephala, Emberiza, 39.

squamata, Pnoepyga, 9.

stejnegeri, Oidemia, 39.

stevensi, Scheniparus rufogularis, 10.

, Lurdinulus brevicaudatus, 74.

striata balearica, Muscicapa, 5.

subsguamicollis, Uroloncha, 39.

striatus, Ploceus manyar, 58.

striolata, Hirundo daurica, 28.

stuhimanni, Pedilorhynchus, 44,

: comitatus, 45,

Sturnopastor capensis, 103.

dehre, subsp. n., 103.

contra, 108.

Sturnus carunculatus, 76.

suahelicus, Batis minor, 54.

subsquamicollis, Uroloncha
59.

substriata, Lilla, 28.

subsuffusa, Garrulax pectoralis, 28,

sudane, HKremomela flaviventris, 77.

swinhoti, Hierophasis, 98,

Sylvia nana, 27.

striata,

Tchitrea albiventris, sp. n.,

Tephrodornis gularis annectens, 75.

Sretensis, 28.

—— —— latoucheli, subsp. n.,
105.

—— pelvicus annectens, 75,

[ Vol. xlv.

Tephrodornis pelvicus fretensis, 28,
7d.

vernayt, 28.

tephrogenys annamensis,
32.

—- henrici, Criniger, 32.

Thringorhina guttata diluta,
subsp. n., 11.

tibetanus, Passer montanus, 92, 104.

tickelli olivaceus, Drymocataphus,
11.

Timalia pileata bengalensis, 9.

intermedia, nom. n., 9.

jerdoni, 9.

Trocheligone, gen. n., 94.

Ce Sey cognacqui, sp. n.,
29.

Criniger,

merlini, sp. n., 28.

Tropidorhyuchus diemenensis, 94.

Turdinulus brevicaudatus
stevensi, subsp. n., 74.

epilepidotus amye, subsp.
hia

Turdus coburni, 90.

——- musicus coburn, 98,

ruficeps, 106.

—— s. sibiricus, 39.

Uroloncha pectoralis, 84.
rufiventris, nom. n., 84,

striata subsquamicollis,
subsp. n., 99.

vaillanti, Calliptilus, 93.

vernayt, Hirundo daurica, 27.

, Tephrodornis pelvicus, 28.
victorie klinesmithi, Lamprolia, 106.
violaceus, Centropus, 9.

virescens, Picus viridis, 1138.

viridis virescens, Picus, 113.

whitneyi, Puffinus pacificus, 106.

Aanthotis chrysotis, 106,
Jlaviventer, 106.

yamakanensis,
cephalus, 105.

yorki, Phonogammus, 17.

Yuhina gularis sordidior,
subsp. n., 74

Pyrotrogon erythro-

Zosterops flaviceps, 86.
— lateralis mugga, nom. n.,
86.

. ody
Vs ee ake - ae

~ the Se eanage Sore «auc magee

ao i 1 ‘i fe TF . -

i ee , i an
git cue ‘beg */ a De para ee | A
f u se ie?
~ 9
= * te tte fe s : ny
wy DY ry . . , > ,
i
ae ia « ‘ :
| ease basole : ed
“7 , ‘ 4 mY aK “ ; PE 8 ir wee
; mile be " ;
“s , ‘ ia
’ ’ 8 :
t na 4
. ye eres] a we Man ; *
“ig 4 ee ; vero Pe es 5 4 ans ,
PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND “FRANCIS,
5 A
One sEED LION court, FLEET STREET. Sie,
Dis 8. “ ? ie Ws Oe VV
NNT Gren Bee a | RFR e+ eR
Fa te ae wmibhe { ;
4 ave 4 zi Me
AY ai be
ee ce en “Y ee
‘ : ets) ‘ Po ar > i ja
nr e F ' : Lhews' ;
AA ‘ bi: n¢ ie OR, y al v5 4S << ald oe
7 . bgp vty kt AN a me
~ . 7 y Pe
, ise a X Marien i Whe
, ; ‘ ae), ham, odin a cine oo Sak a
a , « y Ly sh
Ft A. oe ¥ Awe ta P » “vp oar
~ Very ‘
= ake he qi ‘ # Ma
: Ae VND abies, 9 yal
- whe : i\ ae
- . . : *, <-
‘ ‘ Wh ’ * “ ” s .
1 ‘ ‘
’ * yi ’
- it .
sae , xooe ‘i ’ exe
- “ ¢ 4 . ve
7 ~ . Meet MP
' ely
a |
: : : es a ae SIs & for
3 o ,
‘ 4 ‘
ibe
‘ad -
: " 4 < évad Geet ™ rr
oo i) ee
’ +
AJ

Hy \\ i

x

Mf

Cbs,

A a
Mi 4

any
vie

nar ab be
» Tee emp meso
a) ee ROT Oh PE

<=
th OP he

e
eemie »
eee
=e et ieee

irae By Some haw
Mmatrae ce

OF mete!) Mime mn
ea Am ent ©
Pi

ihe. ek
me ae.

Brel tia th piel piniorete
Aa wie te = we
*

7 lea.
coho ©

ee |

- f = ® : ¢ , . ¢ . mw .
: - . “aie an ; ‘ oe glee ; t ;
ag 2 . “ Be > « 7 © n~ : - 4 “ ‘ te Pl
oo : *” ® ‘ =e i - $ _— ‘
| oe
ais est oe « = 4 ae A One: Nee m \ x x
n . - -~ -. s
ne el
é :
. tyes
a L~al
be o
1 a Mey we au
ae Te rere
<— 2 a
he ote
oe a
_ a Z* mek ee we ts
= 1 ON CELT 9 DPE

: . ht ne,

ee gee) ae ae hd

Rk my (45 id ee sled a cs * -
~% <— -

Het. sear m ta he "
oie 5 tt) By Lhe
< enemy idee ye ersten bass hgpas bomen tog an cee
: eed a 4 ee cee hein 4 Lf:
ha ee
"3 ry eet . ae t

eam hese on
hes ee are Lees | wee e Wh mes camer Ber
hae te taemet os. oe) ee
tat Ce ee hen ta a (=

Gee erie hee

7-5

<3

;
‘ay Pi ye BO gL
5 ¥ - A 7 y & s

rig is Pek Phe oaee re 6 ek bam

Le ee

ia

* Pel
atau Fs be ; © Bee peek bee ee

; , © ‘ a
Lao aL ee Pap haat hy ek it
wer, ee

FRO RL ey oe, ee ee
a my

Sept = yee me
en Saricies)

“aieen Of ey Page BV ¥ fete 0
sh wemen eh Sepia st ot ae

Shane §
fy Oe ye re tr eee |
(Dy) * * “es q n ‘4 vw 0 Om Pe in,
oa hte be 2 wee Fy wy mene owe)
be vite *, Ce ee

tony
Pipe
tee

Solera

Pe my OF ane

mH om Ow <n Tem eu, mee
ee ei ee et Rovere mw
* 7 vat
poy 00". Sat pe . pee eeer se
be . eee bias
pagent © eter #8 wf i ‘ f f . antes Tete r ort 1
, : ‘

+ Ar

-
tls te bn greene or 5
‘ ”

4

ee i
| - *
eye ee ha
oe rH
ee
Eile
maid
‘- Loy Segh-deh ah Age :
PURE Hy © pene rare
ener m Gm
wee z
pane hk SST A TS
rae ao oa
Tul het dra id keh RL de

pCR L Ee dmoe

eas

wee ey

ie Fi ae ON HF hE om 6
4 ee he tee Lad

(hyn ty by ig