M^'^'mmmmmm VMU ^^yy^yWi^O^u- /W^^ « V-^ s^, ,i<^;M«'KJ, ,S, ^.s^,^^^,^::JMC^.M^ 'MJ^m^ yu^ ;UWW\ ;vwv^uv'v^^> /y V Y^^^ v;y -. vi>:.v .'*'>■ ^^^^■^^yj '^•^Ui jU ^ 'J\J'J^\jy\ WV^^ ^ibvarg of the i^uscum OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, AT HARVARD COllECE, CAMBRIDGE, JIM The gift of t/ut>^^J&yvurU ^^^xJSL s JAN 3 1896 ^/)(> BULLETIN NO. 7 OF THE Illinois State Museum OF NATURAL HISTORY NEW AND INTERESTING SPECIES OF PALEOZOIC FOSSILS. fbd/y.bl By S. a. MILLER and Wm. F. E GURLEY. Springfield, Illinois, December 5, 1895. SPRINGFIELD, ILL., Ed. F. Hartman, State Printer. 1895. BULLETIN NO. 7 OF THE Illinois State Museum OF NATURAL HISTORY NEW AND INTERESTING SPECIES OF PALEOZOIC FOSSILS. By S. A. MILLER and Wm. F. E. GURLEY. SrEiNGFiELi), Illinois, DiiCEMi'.EK n, IS'.).). SPUINGFIEIJ), ILI-., Ed. F. U.\btm.\k, State I'hinter. 1895. JAN 3 1896 ILLINOIS STATE MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS. Board of Trustees. John P. Altgeld, (iovernor. William H. Hinrichsen, Sccrpitiry of Shile. H. M. Inolis, Superintendent of Public Instruclion. George Walter Mdrray, Secretary. William F. E. Gurley, Sl(de Geologist and Curator. NEW AND INTERESTING SPECIES OF PALAEOZOIC FOSSILS. BY S. A. MILLEU AND \VM. F. E. GUKT.EY. SUBKINGDOM ECHINODERMATA. CLASS CRINOIDEA. ORDER PAL^OCRINOIDEA. FAMILY ACTINOCRINID.E. BATOCRINUS POLYDACJTYLUS, U. SJ). Plate I, Fi(j. 1, view of calyx, arms and pari of the column, azijgous area on the right. Species above medium size. Clayx short, saiicer-shaped, about four times as wide as hi,i;;li: iuterradial areas slightly flattened; surface granular. Column medium size and comjiosed of alternately larger and smaller plates. Basals form an hexagonal disc, less than twice the diameter of the column, bearing a low rim around the depression for the attachment of the column. First primary radials more than twice as wide as high. Second primary radials quadrangular, nearly three times as wide as high. Third primary radials not much larger than the .second, twice as wide as high, pentagonal, axillary, and support upon the upi)er sloping sides the secondary radials. In each lateral ray and in the ray opposite the azygous area there are two secondary radials, the last of which are axillary and bear three tertiary radials, the last one being axillary and bearing two arms; which gives to each of these rays eight arms. The ray on the right of the azygous ai'ea bears three secondary radials, the last one being axillary and bearing two arms, which gives to this ray four arms. The ray on the left of the azygous ai-ea bears, on the 6 distal side, three ser-ondary radials. the last of which is axillary, and on th(\ ])roxiiiial side two secondary radials, the last of wiiich is axillary, and boars -on the distal side two tertiary radials, and on the j)roxinial side three tertiary radials, the last one beinport thiei' tertiary radials each fjf which 8 supports a free arm, which gives to this lateral ray five arms. In the ray opposite the azygous area there are four secondary radials, the last of which is axillary and supports upon each upper sloping side a free arm, which gives to this ray four arms. There are, therefore, twenty-five arms, in this species. The arms are composed of a double series of interlocking |)lates that are deeper than wide, in the lower jiart, but flatten out above as they do in Er< imocrinuf, but without the usual increase in width. Pinnules long and dense. There are three regular interradials in each area, one large, the oth(3r two smaller and .somewhat elongated. There are six azygous interradials, the first one heptagonal, in line with the first primary radials, and the largest plate in the calyx. It is followed by three plates, the central one being smaller than the lateral ones; and these by two elongated plates that con- nect with the plates of the vault. The vault is conoidal and larger than the calyx, and bears a long subcentral probo.scis. The plates of the vault and i^roboscis are large and smooth. This siiecies will be distinguished by its general form, and twenty-five arms that are flattened toward their terminal ends. This latter character belongs to all species that have been re- ferred to Eretmocrinus. This species and others herein de- scribed show that the flattening of the arms is not of generic importance, though, in a marked degree, it is no d<)uV)t of specific value. We have, heretofore, shown that the oUkm- characters ascribed to Eretmocrinus are posses.sed by difTerent species of Batocrinus and tliat one and all arc not of generic value. F()\ni(l ill llic Keokuk- Clroup, at Hoonville. Missouri, and now in the (ujjlection of S. A. Miller. Tlie S2)ecific name is in honor of F. A. Sampson, the well knowTi naturalist of S-dalia, Missouri. BATOCRINUS VKTERATOH n. Sp. Fhile f, Fif/. 4, view of calyx and arms opposite the azygous side, a little depressed, and arms broken off at the upper end. Species medium size. Calyx obconoidal, two and a lialf limes as wide as high; no radial ridges; plates slightly convex; sutures distinct, somewliat beveled; sm-face gi"innlar; cohnnn small. Basals form an hoxap^onal disc twice as wide as the diame- ter of the column and having a height less than half the dis- tance from the column to the margin. First primary radials one-half wider than higli, and superior face nearly straight. Second primary radials (juadrangular, about three times as wide as long. Third i^rimary radials i^entagonal, a little larger than the .second, about three time.^ as wide as long, axillary, and support on the upper slojiing sides the secondary radials. In the ray opposite the azygous area there are three secondary radials on one side and an axillary plate that bears two arms; on the other, there are two secondary radials, the last of which is axillary and bears, upon one side, a tertiary plate, which supports a single arm, and upon the other a tertiary plate, which is followed by an axillary plate that bears two arms. There are, therefore, live arms in this ray. One of the lateral rays is constructed in the same manner and bears live arms. In the other lateral ray there are two .secondary radials in each .series, the last of which are axillary and bear, upon one side, two tertiary radials that support a single arm on each, and ui)on the other side two tertiary raidials, the last being axillary and sujiporting two arms. There are, therefore, six arms in this ray. The ray on the right of the azygous area also supports six arms, while the ray on the left of the azygous ai-ea supports seven arms, the jiroximal one being a single arm and the other thi-ee double arms. By this arrange- ment there are twenty-nine ai-ms in this species. The arms are long and very slightly ll:itten(>d toward the superior ends. Pinnules very dense. In the regular interradial ai-(';is Uwvo are only two plates, one following the other. \n tlir azygous interradial area the first plate is heptagonal, in line with the first primary radi;ils and of about the same size It is followed by three plates in the second range, which nearly fill the area, above thesi; the sutures are indistinct in each of our specimens, but, apjiar- ently, there is only one plate, making five jilates in this area. The vault is not disclosed in our sjiecimens, but two of tlieu] show the broken ends of tin,' pioboscis, which is ([uite small. 10 The arms, in the specimen illustrated, are broken off and eroded toward the top, which causes the arms to appear tfi flatten more than they really do. Another specimen showing nearly the entire lenf2:th of the arms, shows only a little flat- tening at the tips — about the same shown in B. vemisliilus. This species is distinguished by its general form, number of interradials, and the peculiarity in the arrangement of its twenty-nine arms. Found in the Keokuk Group, at Boonville, Missouri, and now in the collection of S. A. Miller. BATOCRINUS VETUSTUH, n. Sp. Plate I, Fi(]. 5, azytjous side view of the aiJij.r and part of the arms; Fig. C, opposite view of the same specimev. Species medium size. Calyx obpyramidal, twice as wide as high; each radial series bears an angular ridge from the basal f)lates to the free arms; interradial ai-eas flattened; "sutures slightly beveled; surface granular; truncated for a small column. Basals form an hexagonal disc one lialf wider than tlie diam- eter of the column and having a height less than half the diameter of the column. First i)rimary radials wider than high, upper face slightly arcuate for the reception of the second radials. Second primary radials cpiadrangular, about twice as wide as high. Third [)riuuiry radials jientagonal, except in the typical specimen, the one on the right of the azygous area is hexagonal, and the one opposite the azygous area is heptag- onal, as shown in figure 5- Moreover, in the typical exam- ple, there are four ])r'imary radials, in one of the lateral series, as shown on the left of figuin; li. The extra platt; is pe, the last ones support- ing free arms, wiiicli giv(>s to this ray four arms In the i-ay on the left of the azygous area, the third ])riraary radial sup- ports, upon each u])per sloping side, two secondary radials, the last being axillary and the pi-oximal .series bears on the proximal side two tei-tiai-y radials and on the distal side two tei-tiary radials and an axillary plat(> that su))ports two arms; the distal series bears upon each up])er sloping side two ter- ti;n-y radials one of which bears an axillary jjlate that sup- ])ui-ts two arms. This arrangement gives to tliis ray six arms. 13 In each lateral ray the third primary radial supports ujion each iijiper sloping side two secondary radials the last being axillary and bearing upon each upper sloping side three tertiary radi- als and an axillary plate which sujiports two arms, which gives to each of these rays eight arms. In the ray opposite the azygous area, there are three secondary radials followed by an axillary plate that supports two arms, in one series, and. in the other, there are three arras, which gives to this ray five arms. There are. therefoi-e, in this species, thirty-two arms. The arms are composed of a double series of interlock- ing i^lates that show a slight tendency to flatten at the in- curving superior ends, but not to be comjiared in this respect with Batocrinus Sampsoni. Pinnules long and dense. In one of the interradial areas there are three plates, one followed by two smaller ones; in two of the ai-eas thei'e are four plates in each, one followed by two in the second range and one in the third; and in the other area there are five plates, one followed by two in the second range and two in the third. There are seven azygous interradials, the first one heptagonal, in line with the first primary radials and of about the same size. It is followed by three plates, the central one being larger than the lateral ones; and these by two i^lates, in the third range, and one in the fourth, that is somewhat elongated and reaches the plates of the vault. Vault conoidal, and sub central probo.scis smaller than in B. Sampsoni. This species will be distinguished by the arrangement of its thirty-two arms from all other species. The same tendency of the arms to flatten near the ujjper ends has been discovered in other species of Batocrinus that has been overlooked by authors. But where the flattening is as slight as in our specimens of this species, it is i)robable that other specimens will not .show any flattening, and that tlH> character is not even of specific importance, and, moreover, it is probable that it does not exist in younger specimens, which would again tend to destroy its importance. Pound in the Keokuk Croup, at B^onviUe, Missouri, and now in the collection of S. A. Miller. 14 BATOCRINUS INSUETt'S, n. Sp. Phiic T, Fig. 8, azijijovs view of calyx, vanlf, jyroboscis and pari of the (inm; Fie])<'r than wide, in the lower part, but the arms flatten out near the supei-ior ciuls, as th<>y do in many other species in this genus. Pinnules long and dense. There are three regular interradials in each area, one large, the other two small. There arc four azygous interradials, one heptagonal, in line with the first primary radials and slightly larger and longei' tlian either of them. It is followed V>y three plates, the middle one? being the larger and longer, but it is cut off from the vault Vjy the tertiary radials. The vault is highly convex, willi a large proboscis that terminates in a 15 balloon -shaped bulb, that has the azygoiis openino: at one side of the summit. The plates of the vault are plain, or slightly convex, and smooth, but each plate, on the central and lower part of the balloon, bears a central tubercle, while the small plates on top and s\irrounding the orifice are smooth. This species will be distinguished by the arrangement of its sixteen arms, by the four plates in the azygous area, and by the balloon -shaped proboscis. The sha]ie of the vault and probos- cis, in this genus, varies so much, that it may be doubtful about how far its form may be regarded as of even specific importance. We have among the species herein described the long slender proboscis extending beyond the arms, the balloon shaped proboscis, with arms capable of spreading all over it, and the convex vault, without pi'oboscis, save a swelling area like a recumbent jiroboscis, with the azygous orifice below the ambulacral canals. The breaking up of the genus Batocrinus, on characters, based on the vault, azygous orifice, and superior part of the arms, into subgenera or distinct generic names does not seem to be practicable or natural. Found in the Keolfuk Group, at Boonville, Missouri, and now in the collection of S. A. Miller. BATOCRINUS BROADHEADI, n. SJl. Plnle /, Fig. 10, htnil view az'jgous side up; Fig. It, view opposite the azi/gous area. Species full medium size and among the larger forms with which it is associated. Calyx somewhat hemispherical, in gen- eral outline, rather more than twice as wide as high; radial series forming low, angular ridges from the basal jilates to the free arms; interradial areas gently rounded; arm openings directed nearly horizontally; sutures distinct; surface granular. Basals form an hexagonal disc that expands a little beyond the angles of the radial ridges, and has a diameter two and a half times the diameter of the column, and a hemisphei-ical depression in the truncated surface below, for the attachment of the column. First primary radials twice as wide as long, longitudinally angular in the central part. Second jirimary radials quadrangular, and varying from one and a half to two and a half times as wide as long. Third primary radials pen- 16 tagonal, larsor than tho second, wider than high, greatest width below tlie middle, at tho angle.s formed by the junction of the lower expanding and upper sloping sides, axillary, and sup- porting on each upper sloping side the secondary radials. In the ray on the right of the azygous area, and in each lateral ray, there are two .secondary radials, the second one of which is axillary, and bears upon each superior side two tertiary ra- dials. which gives four arms to each of these three rays. In tho ray on the left of the azygous area, there are two secondary radials, in the proximal series, the second one of which is ax- illary, and bears upon the proximal side two tertiary radials, and on the distal side one large tertiary radial, and in the dis- tal series there are two secondary radials only, the last one being quite large. This gives to this ray three arms. In the ray opposite the azygous area the third primary radial bears upon each su2)erior sloping side three secondary radials, which gives to this ray two arms. There are, therefore, .seventeen arm openings to the vault in tliis species. In the regular intcrradial area, between the three and four armed rays, there are only three jjlates, one very large fol- lowed by two elongated plates, one of which extends higher than the other. In each of th(^ other three regular interradial areas ohero are four plates, one large plate, followed by two in the second range and one in the third. The azygous area is subovate in outline and contains nine plates. The first one is in line witli tlu' first i-adials, l>ut smaller and narrower; it is followed by three much lai-ger plates in the second range, !ind these by three in the third range, which are suj ported on two of the plates of the second range. Above the middle one in the third range there is a small plate, and between its i-iglit siii)erior sloping side and the left su])(>rior side of the ii])p(u- j)late, in the third range, an elongated plate is sup- ported that extends its superior angle between the .second ter- tiary radials and unites with the plates of the vault. Vault conoidal, slightly dejjressed in the interradial areas, and covei-ed with rather large, polygonal, convex jjlates. Two small ovai-ian {'^} a])c:tiires may be distinguished between the anibulacral openings in the azygous area; they arc above the 17 tertiary radials, at the angles between the two vault plates, in the azygous depression, and the smaller plate at eacli side of the ambulacral canals. Proboscis unknown. Found in the Keolvulc (rroup at Boonville, Missoui-i, and now in the collection of S. A. Miller. The specitic name is in honor of Prof. G. C. Broadhead, formerly State Geologist of Missouri, a gentleman of high scientific attainments, whose professional skill and untiring energy has to such a great extent contributed to our knowledge of the geology, as well as to the wonderful develo2)meut of the mining and economical industries of that state. BATOCRINUS NITIDULUS, n. Sp. Plate I, Fig. 12, azijgous view of calyx and vault; Fig. 13, opposixe view of same. We have four specimens of this si)ecios of the same size and in the same state of preservation as the one illustrated. None of them show any of the arms. Species below medium size. Calyx broadly truncated below and obconoidal above, or like the frustum of a cone; one-half wider than high. Plates convex, usually bearing a transverse angular ridge, and beveled fi-om the central part to the su- tures. No radial ridges. Column small and liaving a very small, round, columnar canal. Basals form an hexagonal di.sc nearly twice as wide as the diameter of the column and having a height less than half the diameter of the column. First primary radials wider than high. Second primary radials quadrangular, about three times as wide as high. Third primary radials vary from pentagonal to heptagonal depending upon the number of interradials that each side abuts against, and they vary .somewhat in size, but are about twice as large as the second radials, axillary, and sup- port on each upper sloping side two secondary radials, the last one of which is axillary and sujjports on each upper slop- ing side a single tertiary radial. There are, therefore, four arm openings to the vault from each ray or twenty ambulacral openings to the vault. The probability is that the arms did not bifurcate and that the species had only twenty arms. There are three regular interradials, in each area, one large the other two smaller and somewhat elongated, in the speci — o IK men illustrated; but in other specimens in some of the areas, there are only two plates, one following the other. There are eight azygous interradials in the specimen illustrated, the first one hoptagonal, in line with the fii'st primary radials and of about the same size. It is followed by three plates, the mid- dle one being the smaller, and these are followed by four smaller plates that are cut off from the vault by the union of the tertiary radials. In some of the other sjiecimens, tliere are only three plates in the third range and, hence, only seven azygous plates. The vault is conoidal, covered with convex plates and bears an almost central proboscis. This species is distinguished by its trim, neat form, beveled plates and twenty ambulacral ojjenings to the vault. This is one of the forms that might be referred to Eretmocrinus, if that were a valid genus. Pound in the Keokuk Group, at Boonville, Mo., and now in the collection of S. A. Miller. BATOCKINTS FECULIAKIS, U. Sp. Plate /, Fig. 14, azyfjous side vieiv; Fiij. 15, basal view; Fig. 16, summit view of Ihe same specimev. Species below medium size. Calyx somewhat obconcidal, but spreading upward canopy-like, and directing the ambulacral openings horizontally. Truncated nearly three times the diam- eter of the column; plates modei-ately convex; sutures plain; surface granular. Column small; canal cinque foil. Basals form an hexagonal disc, ii(>arly three times the di- ameter of the column, concave centrally below for the attach- ment of the column, and having a height ecjual to about half the diameter of the column. First jjrimary radials wider than high. Second ])i-imary radials ([uadrangular, three times as wide as high. Tliird i)rimary radials pentagonal, larger than the second, nearly three times as wide as high, axillary and su])])ort on the upper sloping sides the secondary radials. On the distal side of each ray adjoining the azygous area there are three secondary radials, and on the proximal side two sec- ondary radials, the last of whicli is axillary and bears ujjon each ui)per slopping side two tertiary radials, which gives to Vuch of these rays three uruis, One of tlie lateral rays is cou- Id structed in like manner and bears three arms. The other lateral ray bears upon each of the upper sides of the third primary radial two secondary radials, the last being axillary and sup- porting on each upper sloping side two tertiary radials, which gives to this ray four arms. In the ray opposite the azygous area there are three secondary radials, which gives to this ray two arms. There are, therefore, fifteen arms in this species, as shown by the ambulacral openings to the vault. There are three regular interradials in each area, one large, the other two small and somewhat elongated. The azygous ai'ea is very peculiar, as the proboscis having the azygous orifice separates the tertiary radials and projects below the ambulacral openings and occupies nearly half the azygous area. The first plate is heptagonal, in line with the first primary radials and the largest plate in the body. There are three plates in the second range, the middle one being the smaller and supporting the jjlates that surround the azygous orifice. In the third range, on one side of the recumbent pro- boscis or azygous ridge, there is one rather large plate, and all the other plates in the area are small and form part of the round recumbent proboscis. The vault is highly convex, and has a capacity equal to or greater than that of the calyx. It is covered with small, convex, polygonal plates. Upon the azj'gous side of the center a convex elevation arises that be- comes more defined as it passes down between the ambulacral orifices and finally i)rojects, like the end of a proboscis, below the arms in the upjier third of the azygous area. It aj)- pears like the recumbent proboscis in Siphonocrinus armosus, though not projecting quite as much. Probably the word "proboscis" should not be used in the definition, for it is merely a rounded ridge from one side of the vault that termi- nates in a hemispherical projection that bears an orifice in the upper part of the azygous ai'ea, as shown in the illustration. This species is distinguished by its general form, convex vault, recumbent proboscis with orifice below the arms, and by its fifteen arms, from all other sjiecies. By some it might be re- ferred to Dorycrinus, but we think it is clearly a Batocrinus. Found in the Keokuk Group, at Boonville, Missouri, and now in the collection of S. A. Miller. 20 BATOCRINUS TMPARILIS, n. SJI. Plate I, Fig. 17, azygous view; Fig. 18, opposite nzygous side We have several specimens of this species varying from half the size of the one illustrated to about one-fourth larger. None of them show any of the arms, and the one illustrated is best preserved. Calyx urn-shaped; about one-fourth wider than high, though sometimes nearly as high as wide. Plates tumid; no radial ridges; sutures distinct; column small; surface granular. Basals form a very low hexagonal cup about three times as wide as the diameter of the column. Tlie columnar facet is round, deep and preserves the serrated lines for the attachment of the column. The convexity of the plates extends below the point of attachment of the column. The first i)rimary radials are much larger than any other plates in the body and have a height nearly equaling the width. Second primary radials quadrangular, about twice as wide as high. Third j)rimary radials very little larger than the second, pentagonal, axillary, and support on each upper sloping side of three rays two secondary radials, which gives to each of these rays two arms. Each thii'd })rim;iry radial adjoining the azygous area liears \i]nm th(! distal upper side two secondary radials, the last one bearing a single arm, and upon the proximal side two secondary i-adials the last of wliich is axillary and bears upon each u])per sloping side a single tertiary radial which gives to each of these rays three arms. There are, therefore, twelve arm openings to the vault in tliis species. There are three regular interradials in eacli area! one large, the other two smaller, somewhat elongated, and unite with the plates of the vault. The azygous area is large. Tlie first plate is in line with the first ])i-iniai'y radials and of about the same size. It is followed by three railxu' large; plates, in the second range, and these, by thi-ec! small plates, in the third range, that unite with three jilates that separate the arms and units with the plates of the vault. The vault is convex and covered with convex polygonal jilat.'s. The ijroboscis is small and subcentral, but it is broken oil close to the vault m all our specimens. 21 This species is distinguished by its general form, convex plates, union of interradials with the plates of the vault, and by having twelve arms. It cannot be mistaken for any other described species. Pound by R. A. Blair, in the Burlington Group, at Sedalia, Missouri, and now in the collection of S. A. Miller. BATOCRINUS INCULTUS, n. sp. Plaie I, Fig. 10; azygous view; Fig. 20, opposite nzygous side. We have four specimens which we refei' to this species, though there is some difference in tlie azygous aj'cas. None of them .show any arms. Species below medium size. Calyx urn-shaped and nearly as high as wide. Plates highly convex; no radial ridges; sutures distinct. Column round, i-ather lai'ge and having a cinque foil canal. Basals form an elevated hexagonal cup about twice as wide as the diameter of the column and having an hemispherical depression below, for the in.sertion of the column. The first primary radials are the largest plates in the body, except the first azygous plate, and have a height nearly equal to the width. Second primary radials, quadrangular, and about or less than one-half wider than high. Third primary radials consideral>ly larger than the second, and pentagonal or hexa- gonal-, depending on the number of f)lates they abut upon, in the interradial areas, axillary, and support on each of the superior lateral sides two secondary radials, each of which bears a single arm. There are, therefore, ten arm openings to the vault, in this species. The rcgula7- interradial ai-eas are elongated and generally have four plates, but sometimes only three. There is one in the first range, generally two elongated plates in the second range, but sometimes only one. and one elongated plate in the third range that connects with the plates of the vault. The azygous area is large, and the number of plates is not uniform. The first plate is in line with the first primary radials and fully as large as any of them. It is followed, in the specimen illustrated, in the second range, by four plates, but, in other specimens, there are only three. Above these, in the speci- 22 men illustrated, thei-o are three plates, follo-vved by two ])latcs that connect with the plates of the vault, but in other speci- mens only three or four plates can be distinguished. The vault is convex and is covered by a few large convex plates, and bears a large subcontral proboscis, which is sur- rounded, near the base, by large convex plates. This species bears some resemblance to B. imparilis, above described, but the calyx is more elongated, the vault and pro- boscis are altogether different, and it has only ten arms, while that species has twelve. When compared with other described species the differences are equally as well defiaied. We may here call attention to the fact, that the number of plates in the azygous and regular intei-radial areas, in the genus Baio- crinus, is of less importance than the number of ambulacral openings to the vault, not only as shown by this species, but as shown by many otheis, in our possession. Found by R. A. Blair, in the Burlington Group, at Sedalia, Missouri, and now in the collection of S. A. Miller. BATOCRINUS INSPERATUS, n. sp. Pla'e 7, Fig. 21, azygous view; Fig. 22, opposite azygous side. This species is founded upon a single specimen, that seems to be i^erfect in all its parts, and, if abnormal, we do not know from what parents it arose. The calyx and vault togetlior have^a sub-elliptical outline with both ends slightly truncated. Species below medium size. Calyx urn-shaped, about as high as wide. Plates tumid; no i-adial ridges; sutures distinct; surface granular. Column round and small. It has, however, only four radial soi'ies. Basals form an elevated hexagonal cup, about twice as wide as the diameter of the column, and having, the plates rounded below to a hemispherical depression for the insertion of the column. First primary radials wider than higli and of unequal size, though there are only four of them. Second ])riinary radials quadrangular, and nearly as long as wide. Third pri- mary radials considerably larger than the second, three hexag- onal and one hcptagonal, axillary, and support on each of the superior sloping sides two secondary radials, each of which bears a single arm. There are, thei-efore, eight arm openings to the vault in this species. The first regular interradials are large, tumid plates, and, in one of the areas, the first one is followed by two elongated plates, that unite with two })lates belonging to the vault, but, in the other two areas, the first one is followed by two plates in the second range and two smaller ones in the third range, that connect with two plates belonging to the vault. The first azygous plate is in line with the first primary radials, very tumid, and rather larger than either of them. It is followed by three plates in the second range, and these by two in the third range, that uriite with the plates of the vault. The vault is elevated over the ambulacral canals, conical, and bears a large central proboscis, tvhich is broken off in our specimen. The plates on the vault are polygonal, tumid and few in num- ber. This species cannot be compared with any other, unless it is for the purpose of showing that it is abnormal, and not entitled to a specific name It is four-fifths of a Batocn'nus. It agrees with Batocrinus as far as it goes. The definition of Bafocrinus requires five radial series, and this species has only four. The radial series that is missing is the one opjjosite the azygous ai"ea. Probably it will be found to be as near B. inculius as to any other species, but, aside from the four radial series, it will be noticed that the interradial and azygous areas and the vault and proboscis are quite different in the two species. Take from B. incultus one radial series and one interradial area and close up the opening, it will be found to be widely different from this species in general form and outline The differences are even more marked when compared with B. impnrilis, which has twelve ambulacral openings. We see no rea.son why a cri- noid should not have perpetuated itself while having only four radial series as well as if it had six. The difficulty that is hard to overcome in this case is, if we have here a good species, we ought also to have a good genus, and yet we are unwilling to take it out of the genus Batocrinus. If our specimen is ab- normal, it is well worth defining and illustrating, and the s^ie- cific name we have given it will serve for a handle until some one has ascertained to what S]3ecies it should be referred, and even then the synonymy will not have altogether lost its use- fulness. We are of the opinion that our specimen descended 24 from a Batocrinus, and, if wc had two specimnns, we would bo coiitident that it could perpetuate itself and. therefore^ rank as a spc(;ies; Ijut, if the single specimen is all that ever ex- isted, wo would say it is abnormal, and only proves the great vitality the species possessed, that gave it the strength to grow ■ to maturity in the perfect form of its kind, while onetiftli of the body was absent from its birth or incej)ti()n. Under all ' the circumstances, probaV)]y, the specific name should bo re- ceived only provisionally. Found in the Burlington Group, at Sedalia, Missouri, and now in tlio collection of S. A. Miller. BATOCRINUS FORMACEUS, n. Sp. Pla'e I, Fig. 23, azygous view; Fig. 24, opposite view. Species medium or above medium size. Calyx V)owl shaped, semi elliptical, broadly rounded below; height two-thirds the diameter; no radial ridges; sutures distinct, not beveled; sur- face granular. Column small, round. Basals form an hexagonal disc about twice as wide as the diameter of the column with an hemispherical columnar cavity radiately furrowed. First radials large, expanded, three hexagonal and two heptagonal. Second radials, quadrangular, a little wider than long. Third radials one-half larger than the second, pentagonal, except the one upon the left of the azygous area, which is hexagonal, and three of the rays sup- port upon each upper slo]nng side two secondary radials, the last of which is axillary and su])ports upon each upper slop- ing side two tertiary radials which gives to each of these rays four arms. In one of the lateral rays thei'o are upon one side three secondary radials and upon the other two secondary radials, the last IjCMng axillary and supporting upon each iij)p<'r sloping side two tertiary radials, which gives to this ray three arms. In the ray opposite the azygous area the third primary radial supports, upon each superior side, three secondary radials, which gives to this ray two arms. There are, there- fore, seventeen arm ojicnings to the vault in this species. The regular areas do not connect with the vault, except in the area between the two and three-armed rays and the num- ber of plates in each varies from throe to live. The azygous 25 area is very large and contains fifteen plates. The first one is in line with the first primary radials and of the same size. It is followed by three jilates in the second range, five plates in the third range, three in the fourth range and above these there are three plates two of which connect with the i)latos of the vault. Vault convex, comp6.sed of polygonal, convex plates and bears a strong suhcentral jiroboscis. This species is distinguished by its general form, absence of radial ridges, and seventeen ambulacral openings to the vault. It will also be distinguished by the number of plates in the azygous area, if that feature is of specific importance, but we have known the number of jilates, in the azygous area, to vary, among specimens, that we have referred to the same species, and, probably, in this species some specimens may show a less number of plates, commencing with the five plates in the third range and concinuing to the vault. We have seen two .specimens besides the one illustrated, but the j^lates in the upper part of the azygous area are either not well preserved or are not to be distinguished from the type. Found in the Burlington Group, at Sedalia, Missouri, and now in the collection S. A. Miller. BATOCRINUS INCONSUETUS, n. .Sp. Plale I, Fig. 25, basal vieiv; Fig. 26, summit view; Fig. 27, azijgous side view. Species medium or below medium size. Calyx very low and saucer- shaped; heiglit not more than one-fourtli the diameter, and ambulacral openings directed horizontally; slight radial ridges, interradials i)laiu; surface smooth. Column medium size and round. Basals form a circular disc that projects below the first primary radials about the thickness of a plate, has a diameter about twice as great as the diameter of the column, and bears a concave, radiately lined depression for the columnar attach- ment. First primary radicals twice as wide as long, three hexagonal and two heptagonal. Second primarj' radials quad- rangular, about three times as wide as long. Tliii-d primary radials a little larger than the second, twice as wide as long, pentagonal, axillary and in each lateral ray sujiport upon each 26 upper sloping side two secondary radials, the last of which is axillary and supjiorts upon each upper side two tertiary radials which gives to each of these rays four arms. Upon the distal side of the third primary radials adjoining the azy- gous area there are four secondary radials, and on the proxi- mal side two secondary radials, the last of which is axillary and bears upon the distal side two tertiary radials, and ujjon the proximal side three tertiary radials which arrangement gives to each of these rays three arms. In the ray opposite the azygous area there are three secondary radials upon each side of the third x'rimary which gives to this ray two arms. There are, therefore, sixteen ambulacral openings to the vault in this species, and the last radials are small and contracted which makes it probable that the arms, which are not pre- served, are single and not large. There are three regular interradials in each area, one fol- lowed by two in the second range that are short and enclosed below the tertiary radials so that they do not approach the vault. The first azygous plate is in line with the first i)rimary radials and somewhat longer, and it is followed, in the second range, by four plates that very much widen the lower part of the area. There are four plates in the third range and these are followed by a single narrow elongated plate thr.t connects with the plates of the vault. The vault is low and has about the same caiiacity as the calyx. It is covered with polygonal, convex plates and bears a small subcentral proboscis. The ovarian apertures are con- spicuous in this species. There are two between each pair of arms and one between the secondary and tertiary series in the three-armed .rays, which makes sixteen in the species. They ai-e above the calyx and connect with tlic ambulacral canals under the vault. This species is distinguished by its general form, sixteen arms, four azygous plates in the .second range, short regular inten-adial areas, and ovarian apertures. It cannot he mis- taken for any other desc^rlljcnl species. Pound by S. A. Miller in the Keokuk Groui». at Boonville, Missouri, and now In his cjllect'on. 27 BATOCRINUS SERRATUS, 11. Sp. Plate I, Fig. 28, basal view; Fig. 29, azygous side vieic; Fig. 30, summit view. Species medium or below medium size, the one illustrated is the largest among four which are before us. Calyx nearly fiat; height one-fifth or one-sixth the diameter, and ambulacral openings directed horizontally; radial series project at the margin .so as to notch the circumference at the interradial parts, and they are somewhat lobed, without radial ridges; surface granular. Column round, medium size. Basa^ls form a subhexagonal disc, that projects below the first primary radials about the thickness of a plate, has a diameter about one half greater than the diameter of the col- umn, and bears a slight concave, radiately lined depression, for the columnar attachment. First primary radials twice as wide as long, three hexagonal, two heptagonal. Second pri- mary radials quadrangular and from two to three times as wide as long. Third primary radials a little larger than the second, twice as wide as long, pentagonal, axillary and in each lateral ray support ujion each upper sloping side two secondary ra- dials, the last of which is axillary and supports upon each upper sloping side two tertiary radials, which gives to each of these rays four arms. Upon the distal side of the third primary radials adjoining the azygous area there are three secondary radials, and on the jiroximal side, two secondary radials, the last of which are axillary and bear upon each svxperior slojiing side two tertiary radials which gives to each of these rays three arms. In the ray opposite the azy- gous area there are three secondary radials ujion each side of the third primary radial, which gives to this ray two arms. There are, therefore, sixteen ambulacral openings to the vault in this species. The regular interradial areas are elongated and not uniform. In two of the areas one large plate is followed by one short small plate and one elongated plate that unites with two plates belonging to the vault. In another area there are two plates corresponding to the elongated plate just mentioned, and the last one unites with the plates of the vault, and in the other area there arc only two i)lates, one following the otlier, and they are cut off by the third radials from uniting with the plates of 28 the vault. The first azygous plate is in line with the first primary radials and somewhat smaller; it is followed by three plates in the second range and two in the third range, that nnil(> with the plates of the vault. The vault, though low, has more capacity than the calyx. It is covered with polygonal, convex plates and bears a small subcentral i)i'oboscis. The ambulacral areas are convex and the interanibulacral ar(>as abruptly depressed at the interradial areas, so that the vault i)resents the same notched margin that belongs to the calyx. There are sixteen ovarian apertures, hut they are suuiU and situated close to the ambulacral open- ings and not as far back upon the vault as in B. inconsnehis. This species when compared with B. inconsuettis, that has the same number of arms, will be found to have quite different interradial and azygous areas and fewer plates in th(-m: there are fewer tertiary radials in the rays, and the lobed rays and depressed marginal interradial areas serve at once to distinguish it, without touching ujion minor differ- ences, lliat will occur to any one wlio reads the descriptions. It is so different from all other described species that no com- parison witli any of them is necessary. Found by S. A. Millei' in the Keokiik Group, at Booneville, Missouri, and now in his collection. BATOCRINUS TCNOTHS, n. Sp. Plate I, Fifj. 31, basal victr; Fi(j. .'I'J. azyc/ous side vit w; Fig. 33, summit vieic. Sjiecies medium size. Caly.K low, three times as wide as high and ambulacral opiuiings directed horizontally. Radial series roundcil. most strongly convex at the margin; iutci-radial areas slightly concave, sui-face gi-auulai-; {•olumn i-ound. medium size. Basals form a subhexagonal disc that projects below the first primary radials and has a diameter about twice as great as the diameter of the column; it bears a njodm'ately concave, radiately lined depression for the columnai' attachment. First primary radials of unequal size and a litll(> wider than long, three hexagonal, two heptagonal. Second primary radials quad- rangular and about three times as wide as long. Third 29 primary radials larger than the second, more than twice as wide as long, pentagonal, axillary, and in one lateral ray sup- ports u^jon each upper slojiing side two secondary radials, the last being axillary and supporting upon each upper sloping side two tertiary radials; in the other lateral ray there are three secondary radials, on each side of the third primary radial, the last of which are axillary and bear upon each superior side two tertiary radials, which gives to each of these rays four arms. UiJon the distal side of the third primary radials, adjoining the azygous area there are three secondary radials, and on tlie proximal side two secondary radials the last of which are axillary and bear upon eacli superior sloping side two tertiary radials, which gives to each of these rays three arms. In the ray opposite the azygous area the third primary radial bears upon one side three secondary radials and upon tlie other two secondary radials, the last being axillary and supporting upon each upi)er side two ter- tiary radials, which gives to this arm three rays. It will be observed that this ray is constructed in the same way that the rays are on each side of the azygous area and that the side having three secondary radials is on the side of the lateral ray that has three secondary radials on each side of the third primary radial. This species, therefore, has seventeen am- bulacral openings to the vault. There are three regular interradials in each area; one larf^e plate followed by two small ones. They are below tlie ter- tiary radials and do not reach near the vault. There are six plates in the azygous area. The first one is in line with the first primary radials and about the same size; it is followed by three plates in the second range, and two in the third, neither of which approaches the vault. The vault is highly convex and has more capacity than the calyx. It is covered with plain, polygonal plates, and bears a rather large proboscis. The ovarian apertures are small and on the sides of the plates surrounding the ambulacral canals. There appear to be seventeen of them. This species is distingui.shed by its general form and .seven- teen arms. If the three secondary radials, in one of the lateral rays, is to be regarded as a normal feature, then that alone will distinguish it from all other species. If we had two 30 specimens of this species possessing three secondary radials, we would not hesitate to regard it as a normal feature, but having only one, it may be a strange freak that was not per- petuated. Pound by S. A. Miller in the Keokuk Group, at Boonville, Missouri, and now in his collection. BATOCRINUS MODESTUS, n. Sp. Plate I, Fig. 34, basal view; Fig, 35, azygous side view; Fig. 30, summit view. Species medium or just below medium size. Calyx subhemi- spherical, rather more than twice as wide as high, and broadly rounded below. Plates convex. No radial ridges. Surface gianukir. Column round, medium size. Basals forni an hexagonal disc that projects slightly below the first primai-y radials and has a diameter a little less than twice the diameter of the column; it bears a moderately con- cave, radiately lined dejjression for the columnar attachment. First primary radials about one half wider than high, three hexagonal, two heptagonal. Second primany radials quadrangu- lar, three or four times as wide as long. Third primary radials only a little longer than the second, and two or three times as wide as long, pentagonal, axillary, and in one lateral ray sup- ports upon each upper sloping side two secondary radials, the last one of wliich is axillary and supports upon each upper sloping side two tertiary I'adials, which gives to this ray four arms. In the other lateral ray there are four secondary radials upon one side of the third jnumary radial and two upon the other followed by three tertiary radials upon each side, which gives to this ray three arms. Upon the distal side of the third prima7-y radials adjoining tlu> azygous area there ai'e four second- ary radials and on the proximal side two, the last being axil- lary and bearing upon each upjier sloping side two or three tertiary radials which gives to each of these rays three arms. In the ray opposite the azygous area there are three secondary radials on each upper sloping sid(! whiiih gives to this ray two arms. There are, therefore, fifteen arm openings tf) the vault, in this species, but all the arms preserved in any of our specimens at once bifurcate, giving, as indicated, thirty free 31 arms to the species. We have, however, only three specimens showing any of the arms, but one of them has five bifurcating rays showing part of ten arms. The general form and parts preserved leave little doubt that the species has thirty free arms. There are three regular interradials in each area — one large plate followed by two small ones. They are below the tertiaiy radials and do not reach the vault. There are seven plates in the azygous area. The first one is in line with the first primary radials and of about the same size; it is followed by three plates in the second range, two in the tlih-d range and one in the fourth, which unites with the plates of the vault. The vault is conoidal and has a capacity about equal to that of the calyx. It is covered with plain and slightly convex, polygonal plates, and l^ears a moderate- sized subcentral pro- boscis. No ovarian jiores have been seen in any of our speci mens and there appears to be no evidence of their existence. This species is distinguished ijy its general form, hemispher- ical calyx and conoidal vault, fifteen ambulacral openings to the vault and thirty free arms. Any one capal)le of distinguishing a Batocrinus will at once know the species from these peculiar- ities. 'Found by S. A. Miller, in the Keokuk Group, at Boonville, Missouri, and now in his collection. BATOCRINUS HETKROCLITUS, n. Sp. Plate J, Fig. 37, basal vieiv; Fig. 38, azygous side; Fig. 39. summit view. Sj)ecies rather below medium size. Calyx and vault subequal, and together somewhat trochiform. Height of the calyx about one third the diameter, and ambulacral openings directed hori- zontally. Radial series i>roject at the margin, so as to notcli the circumference at the interradial parts. Radial ridges well defined and angular. Surface granulai-. Column round and small. Basals form an hexagonal disc or very low cup two and a half times the diameter of the column. First primary radials wider than long, three hexagonal, two hejitagonal. Second primary radials quadrangular, and from two to three times as 32 wide as long. Third primary radials only a little larger than the second, twice as wide as long, pentagonal, axillary, and in each lateral ray, and in the ray on the right of the azygous area support upon each upjier sloping side two secondary radi- als, the last of which are axillary and support upon each upper sloping side two tertiary radials, which gives to each of these three rays four arms. The ray on the left of the azygous area bears on the distal side of the third primary radial three sec- ondary radials, and on the proximal side two secondary radials, the last one being axillary and supporting, on each upper slop- ing side, a single tertiary radial, which gives to this ray three arms. The ray opposite the azygous area bears upon each upper side three secondary radials, which give to it two arms. There are, therefore, seventeen arm openings to the vault in this species. The regular interradial areas are elongated and connected with the vault. The first plate is smaller than a first radial; it is followed by two plates in the second range, and, in some areas, with two plates in the third range that connect with the plates of the vault, and, in other areas, one plate in the third range connects with the plates of the vault. There are, there- fore, four plates in some areas and five in other areas. The azygous area is .large and connected with the plates of the vault. The first azygous jilate is in line with the first primary radials and somewhat narrower; it is followed by three large plates in the second range, three smaller ones in the third range, and two in the fourth range, that connect with the plates of the vault. There are, therefore, nine i)lates in this area. The vault is conoidal, low, depressed toward the margin in the interradial areas, and covered with polygonal, convex ])lat(!s. There is doubt about the presence of a proboscis. The highest elevation is almost central and if a proboscis ex- isted it must have been very small, for, at that jilace, the plates indicate a small orifice, without the ui^right j)lates that support a proboscis. We think no proboscis existed, in this species, and, therefore, we thinlv, in Baiocrinus, all the varia- tions may exist on the vault, from no ])robo.scis at all, to the balloon- shaped or to the most elongated and crooked forms 33 that have been called Erelmocrinu3. A few ovarian apertures may be distinguished, but they are very minute, and, adjoin- ing some of the arms, there seems to be none at all; in fact, there are only two. one on each side of the azygous depres- sion, that can be clearly distinguished. This sj^ecies will be distinguished, by its general form, con- nection of the interradial area with the vault, and by the seventeen anibulacral openings. The entire absence of a pro- boscis or the existence of a very short one is a feature also of some importance. Found by S. A. Miller in the Keokuk Group, at Buouville, Missouri, and now in his collection. BATOCRINUS PROCEUUS, n. sp. Flale I, Fig. 40, based view; Fig. 41, azygous side view; Fig. 42, opposite view of same specimen. Species medium size and capacity of the vault exceeding that of the calyx and belonging to those forms which are re- ferx'ed by authors to Ereimocrinus. Calyx broadly truncated below and obconoidal above, for a short distance, but becom- ing obpyramidal, in the region of the arms, by reason of a slight tendency toward lobes, in the radial series. No radial ridges. Width about one-half more than height. Plates mod- erately convex. Column round — not large. Basals form an hexagonal disc more than one-half wider than the diameter of the column, with a concave, radiately lined depression below, for the columnar attachment. First primary radials wider than high. Second primary radials quadrangular, from two to three times as wide as high. Third primary radials about one-half larger than the second, more than twice as wide as long, pentagonal, axillary, and, in each series, except the one opjjosite the azygous area, bear upon each upper sloi)ing side two secondary radials, the last one of which is axillary and supports ujion each superior sloping side a single tertiary radial, which gives to eaich of these four rays four arms. In the ray ojiposite the azygous area there are, upon one of the superior sloping sides of the third primary radial, three secondary radials and upon the other two secondary radials, the last of which is axillary and —5 34 bears upon each upper side, a sinfjle tertiary radial, which gives to this ray three arms. There are, therefore, nineteen arms in this species. There are three regular interradials, in each area, one large followed by two smaller ones, below the tertiary radials, which abut against each other and cut off the area from any connec- tion with the vault. Thei-e are seven plates in the azygous area. The first one in the line with the first primai-y radials and somewhat nari'ower; it is followed by three plates in the second range and two in the third and above these one plate that unites with the jilates of the vault, as it appears in our specimen. Our specimen, however, is slightly injured about the top of this plate, so as to leave the sutures in doubt, and possibly an angle from the tertiaiy radials may separate it from the plates of the vault. The vault is somewhat pyramidal in the lower part and conoidal above. On the azygous side there is a longitudinal, concave depression extending down to the azygous area of the calyx. The vault is covered with slightly convex, polygonal plates. The proboscis is large and central. There are no ovarian pores. This species is distinguished by its general foim and nine- teen ambulacral openings to the vault. It is unnec-essary to compare it with any other species that possessed the same niiinber of ambulacral openings. Found by S. A. Miller, in the Keokuk Group, at B,)onville. Missouri, and now in his collection. BATOCRINUS VICINIS, n. SJ). Pldte IT, Fifj. 1, basal view; Fig. 2, azyjous side view; Fig. 3, summit view. Sjiecies below medium size, vault ratlier large?- than the calyx, but, on the whole, somewhat trochiform. Height of the calyx less than half the diameter, and aiul)ulacral openings di- rected horizontally. Radial series project at the margin so as to notch the circumfei-ence at the interradial parts. Radial ridges moderately well defined and angular. Surface, granu- lar. Column round and small. 35 Basals form an hexagonal disc about one-half wider than the diameter of the column, and which extends, in a low rim, be- low the first radials. First primary radials wider than long, three hexagonal, two heptagonal. Second jjrimary radials quad- rangular, and about twice as wide as long. Third primary radials about twice as large as the second, and about twice as wide as long, pentagonal, axillary, and each one, adjoining the azygous area, bears on the distal side two secondary radials and on the jiroximal side two secondary radials, the last being axillary and supporting upon each upper side a single tertiary radial which gives to each of these rays three arms. Each lateral ray is constructed in the same manner and each bear three arms. In the ray opi)osite the azygous side the third primary radial bears upon each upper sloping side three sec- ondary radials, which gives to this ray two arms. There are, therefore, fourteen arms in this species. The interradial areas ai-e elongated and the plates connect with those of the vault. The first plate is about the size of a first primary radial; it is followed by two small plates in the second range, and one or two in the third range, and these by one or two that connect with the plates of the vault. There are, in these areas, from five to seven plates. The azygous area is large and contains twelve plates. The first one is in line with the first primary radials and of about the same size; it is followed by three plates in the second range, four in the third range, and four in the fourth range, three of which con- nect with the jjlates of the vault. The vault is highly convex centrally and depressed toward the margin, in the interradial areas, and covered with i>oly- gonal convex plates. A large plate occupies the central part of the vault, and adjoining it on the azygous side is a small azygous orifice directed upward. There is no proboscis, though the plates surrounding the orifice are elevated higher than the central plate. There are no ovarian ajiertures. This si)ecies is distinguished by its general form and four- teen arms from all other species. By some it will be classed in the genus Dorycrinns, but we are not inclined to extend the genus Dorycrinns to include such species as this, for by so doing it will graduate into Buiocrinus. In Dorycrinns there are 36 large plates bearing spines on the vault, and the azygous area is altogether different from the regular interradial areas, and the oriilcc is directed laterally from a more or less bulbous protuberance, neither of which characters exist in this species. It is true, however, that, in some respects, this species is allied to Dorycrinus, and is widely different from the most typical Baiocrinus in some respects, but the essential characters enable us, without hesitation, to refer it to the latter genus. Pound in tlie Keokuk Group, at Boonevillo, Missf)uri, and now in the collection of S. A. Miller. BATOCRINUS INOPINATUS, n. Sp. Plate If, Fig. 4, basal view; Fig- 5, azygous side; Fig. (1, sum- mit view. Species below medium size. Calyx short, obconoidal, diame- ter more than twice the height. Radial ridges present, but not very well defined. Surface granular. Column round and quite small. Basals form an hexagonal disc or very low cup that bears a rim below the first primary radials, and has a diameter about twice as great as the diameter of the column. First primary radials a little wider than long, three hexagonal, two heptag- oual. Second primary radials, quadrangular, very short, be- tween two and three times as wide as- long. Third ])rimary radials one-half larger than the second, three jjentagonal, two hexagonal, axillary, and each one adjoining the azygous area bears, on tlie distal side, two secondary radials, and one of them bears, on the proximal side, a single secondary radial which is axillary, and bears u])()n each upper sloping side a single tertiary radial, and tli(> (jIIku- one bears, on the proximal side, two secondary radials, the last one of which is axillary, and bears ujion one up2)er sloping side two tertiary radials, and upon the other, one, giving to each of these rays three arms. One of the lateral rays boars u])on one of the superior sloping sides of the third priinaiy radial three seccmdary plates, and upon the other two secondary radials, the last of which is ax- illary, and bears upon each upper side a single tertiary radial, which gives to this ray three arms. In the other lateral ray t'le third primary radial bears upon each upper sloi)ing side 37 two secondary radials, the last being axillary, and bearing uji- on the proximal sides one tertiary radial, and upon the distal sides two tertiary radials, which gives to this ray four arms. In the ray opposite the azygous area the third ])rimary radial bears upon each upper sloping side three secondary radials, which gives to this ray two arms. There are, therefore, fifteen arm openings to the vault in this species. The interradial areas connect with the vault, but they differ in form and in the number of plates. The first plate is about as large as a first primary radial. It is followed in one of the areas by a single plate, in two of the areas by two plates, and in one of the areas by three plates in the second range. In the third range in each case a single elongated plate connects with the plates of the vault. The azygous area is large, and con- tains ten plates. The first one is in line with the first primary radials, and is followed by three large plates in the second range. One of the lateral plates, in the second range, supports two small plates, and, over the middle plate, in the second range, there are two ranges of two plates each, one of the larger of which connects with the plates of the vault. The vault is nearly flat, covered with slightly convex, polyg- onal plates, and bears a small subcentral proboscis. No ovarian aperatui-es can be distinguished. This species is distinguished by its general form, flattened vault, peculiar interradial areas and fifteen arms. Found by S. A. Miller, in the Keokuk Grouj), at Boonville, Missouri, and now in his collection. BATOCRINUS PLANUS, n. Sp. Plate II, Fig. 11, basal view of a cast jireserving elevated lines outlining the idates; Fig. 12, summit view of same speci- men, but the outline of the jilates is not jireserved; Fig. 13, azygous side view of same; Fig. 14, basal view of another, perfectly preserving the plates, as far as illustrated. Body very much depressed, pentagonal, capacity of the vault equal to or exceeding that of the calyx. Calyx very low, about four times as wide as high, concave in the region of the basals and gently rounding over the first radials toward the margin, Plates convex and radial ridges lobed above the first 38 radials. Surface fjranular. There are pits at the angles of the larger plates m our specimen, but that character is not shown on either of two casts and may not, therefoi-e, be normal. One cast is one-fourth larger than the specimen illustrated. It will be observed, that there is some difference, in the pro- portional size of the plates, and the depressions on the cast, this is because the internal sides of the plates are not like the external surface. It is for this reason, that we cannot always recognize the casts, when we arc conversant with specimens having the ])lates well preserved, and it is, therefore, a mattei- of gratification to be able to illustrate a species preserved iu both ways. The basals form a small hexagonal, concave disc which is almost wholly covered with the column. The first radials are quite as long as wide and very slightly rounded from the basals to the second radials, three hexagonal, two heptagonal. Second radials quadrangular, about one and a half times as wide as long. Third radials one-half larger than the second, , pentagonal, axillary and supporj; upon each upper sloping side two secondai-y radials, the last of which are axillary and sup- port the free arms. As near as can be asceitained, from our sijecimens, there are four arms in each series, which arise from the second secondary radials and are directed horizon- tally. The interradial areas are wide and the plates connect with those on the vault. In each i-egulai' area there are three plates, one lai'ge followed by two elongated plates that unite with thi-ee plates belonging to the vault. There are seven azygous interradials, the first one heptagonal, in line with the first primary radials and of the sauie size. It is followed by three plates in the .second i-ange and thi'ee in the third range, which unite with four plates belonging to the vault. The vault is convex, and bears a subcentral azygous prominence, with the orifice on top, but whether or not thei-e is a proboscis cannot be determined definitely from our .specimens. This species would be classed with S{eganoc7-inus if it had : hexagonal, second, primary radials. But, aside from llic un- usual, flattened, pentagonal outline, the calyx is that of a true Bdiocrinus. There is no si)ecics described in either genus, , -witli which it is necessary to compare it. 59 Found V>y R. A. Blair, in the Burlinf^ton Group, at Sedalia, Missouri, and now in the collection of S. A. Miller, BATOCRINUS PRODIGIALIS, n. Sp. Plate III. Fig. 4, basal view; Fig. 5, azygous sale; Fig. 6", summit view. Species very larg:e and wonderfully strong, nearly four times as wide as high. Exceedingly rough, by reason of the plates being produced in wedge-shaped, transverse nodes. The radial series are prolonged beyond the interradial areas leaving tlie circumference deeply notched between the arms. Column round at the calyx, large and pierced by a round columnar canal. Basals short, projecting in cuneifoi-m edges and expanding below the end of the column, and beveled at the sutures, so as to give the base an hexagonal outline. The basal disc is about twice as wide as the diameter of the column. The circle for the attachment of the column is only slightly concave and is radiately furrowed at the margin. First radials full twice as wide as high, three hexagonal, two heptagonal. Second primary radials, less than half as large as the first, quadran- gular, and more than twice as wide as long. Third priinai-y radials a little larger than the second, short, pentagonal, axillary and support on each upper sloping side two secondary radials, the last of which is axillary and bears the tertiary radials. In each of the radial series, there is upon one of the upper sloping sides of the last secondary radial a single ter- tiarj^ radial which is axillary and bears upon each upper side quaternary radials, which gives to each ray five arms. In each radial series there are three or four tertiary radials and where the last tertiary radial is axillary there are upon each upjaer sloping side three quarternary radials. There are, therefore, twenty- five ambulacral openings to the vault. They are all directed horizontally so as to leave deeply notched interradial areas that connect with the vault. Interradial areas elongated and covered with four plates. The first one is large and nearly as long as wide; it is followed by two plates in the second range and one in the third that connects with the plates of the vault. In the azygous area there are twelve plates. The first one is in line with the first primary radials and somewhat smaller; it is followed, in the second range, ■ by three plates, in the third range by four plates, and in the 40 fourth range by four plates that connect with the plates of the vault. There is some irregularity in the last range of plates and two of them are elongated and in part belong to the vault. The fact is, that there is no line directly separating the plates of the calyx, in this area, from those belonging to the vault. Vault abruptly convex on the azygous side and highly con- vex on the other, so that the vault has two or three times the capacity of the calyx. The vault is not depressed in the in- terradial areas, but carries its convexity full to the margin of the interradial areas of the calyx. It is covered witli large polygonal nodose plates and bears a large, subcentral probos- cis. The expanded basals and large subcentral proboscis will cause it to be classed witli Eretmocrinus, by many authors. The union of the interradial areas with the vault is not a com- mon character of Batocrinus, but this is not a special charac- ter ascribed to Eretmocrinus, and if it were, still it is a char- acter jiossessed by many species of Baiocrinus. On the whole, the quadrangular second primary radials ally it with Bato- crinus so strongly, that we have no hesitation in referring it to that genus. It is in striking contrast with the Baiocrinus figured on Plate I of this Bulletin, and shows the wonderful development of this genus. This species is distinguished from B. yandelli, which it most resembles, by having twenty-five instead of twenty-one or twenty-two arm openings to the vault, and by having one more regular interradial in each area and one or two more azygous plates. The calyx is not as high, though it is a larger species. Found by Geo. K. Greene, in the Keokuk Gi-oup, at Button Mould Knob, Kentucky, and now in the collection of Wm. F. E. Gurley. 8HX'MARDOCRiNUS, n. gen. This genus is founded upon the species described by Shumard, under tlie name ef Aclinocrinns concinnus, in the Geo. Sur. of Mo. for 1H55, page 1H9, and illusti-ated on plate A, figure 5. The generic formula is as follows: Basals, 3. Radials, 2 by o. Regular interradials, 1. Azygous interradials, 3. Interradial areas connect with the vault without any distinguishing line of separation. Azygous orifice subcentral. No proboscis. Type Shiimardocrinus concinnus. Th8 specific description given below may embody generic characters, but as we have only one species belonging to the genus, it is not easy to distinguish characters that are specific 41 from those that are generic; and, it is not improbable, that another species may be found having a proboscis, and, if so, the presence or absence of a jiroboscis will dwindle to specific importance only. We refer the genus to the Actiiiocrinidw. SHOMAHDOCKiNus CONCINNUS, Shumard. Plate IT. Fiij. 7, hasdl view; Fig. 8, summit view; some of the plates are destroyed; Fig. 9, side view; Fig. 10, azijgons side view. This species was described in 1855 by Shumard in these words: "The portion of the body of this species situated above the second radial pieces is unknown. "The inferior jjart of the calyx is nearly hemispherical, and the plates moderately thick. Basal pieces, three, nearly equal in size, forming a low cup with a nine-sided border, and pre- senting beneath a wide, circular, shallow depression for the column. First radials, moderately convex, length and breadth nearly equal, three hexagonal and two heptagonal; inferior angle of heptagonal pieces corresponding with a basal suture. Second radials, wider than long, with the articular facets for third radials nearly perpendicular, large, reniform, occupying nearly half the length and two- thirds the width of each piece. First interradials, hexagonal, a little longer than wide, and rather larger than the second radials. First areal pieces, hexagonal, longer than wide, its inferior angle corresi^onding to a basal suture. Second areals, heptagonal, surface of the plates ornamented with i)rominent radiating ridges, which rise from near the center of the plates, and cross the sutures, so as to form several sets of double triangles around the body." It will be observed, that Shumard thought he had only a fragment of the calyx, whereas he had, in fact, a complete calyx. He thought he had an Actinocrinus, as far as the sec- ond radials, and that the third radials had been broken away, but he had a new genus that never had any third radials. Meek and Worthen described Actinocrinus validus, in 1860, in proceedings Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. p. 3.S4; but in 1866, in vol. 2 of the Geo. Sur. 111., p. 'l()i\ referred it to Actinocrinus concinnus. Their species has but little resemblance, in any respect, to Shumard' s, and it is not easy to understand why —6 thn two were ever confounde.l with each other. Aclinocrimts tjulidus must be restored, as a species, and as it is not a typ- ical Adinocrinus, but approaches Steganocrinus, to which genus it has been referred by some authors, it may be known as Steganocrinus validus, Meek and Worthen. We woukl describe this species from a specimen found in the Burlington Group, at Sedalia, Missouri, and illustrated in this Bulletin, as follows: Calyx and vault subequal in capacity. Calyx pentagonal, three or four times as wide as high. Plates pyramidal and radiately sculptured. Column small and round. Basals three and forming an hexagonal sculptured disck. First radials about as long as wide, three hexagonal and two heptagonal. Second radials about as large as the first, hexag- onal and notched on the superior side by the ambulacral furrow. The articulating facets described by Shumai'd for the third ra- dials are the articulating facets for the first plate in the free arms. The first regular interradial hexagonal, smaller than the ra- dials and succeeded by two smaller plates that abut upon the second radials and ujaon the ambulacral furrows and unite with three plates on the vault. The first azygous plate is in line with the first radials and of about the same size. It is followed by two plates, each of which is about the size of the first regular interradials. These plates abut the first plate on th(! sides of the ambulacral fui-rows, and are followed by three ])lai(>s belonging to the vault. Tlu! vault is convex and covered with higlily convex and conical, polygonal plates. The azygous orifice is rather large and subcentral. The arms are unknown. Found by R. A. Blair in the Burlington Group, at Sedalia, Missouri, and now in the collection of S. A. Miller. MEGISTOCRINrS ORNATrS. n. S)). Plate IT. Fig. 7.5, basal view ozijgous side up; Fig. 10, azy- gous side view; Fig. 17, summit view. Species medium or above medium size. Calyx subhemi- spherical, a little concave below, about .twice as wide as high, not constricted below the arms. Surface delicatelv and ra 43 diately sculptured from the central part of each plate, but with- out any central nodes or other elevations. Arm openings di- rected upward at an angle of about forty-five degrees. Column round, rather large and having a large, slightly cinque-foil canal. Basal plates form an hexagonal disc about one-third wider than the diameter of the column. The first primary radials are the largest plates in the calyx, slightly unequal in size, not visible in a side view, those abutting on a single basal are heptagonal. The second primai'y radials are hexagonal, wider than long, differ somewhat in size, but smaller than the first. The third primary radials are slightly smaller than the second, the two adjoining the azygous are hexagonal, the other three are heptagonal. They are all axillary and bear the .secondary radials. There is a single secondary radial on each upper sloping side of the third primary radials in the two rays ad- joining the azygous area and in the ray opposite thereto. Each of these secondary radials are axillary and bear upon each superior sloping side two tertiai-y radials which gives to each of these three rays four arms. In the two lateral rays there are three secondary radials in each series which gives to each of these rays two arms. This arrangement gives to the species sixteen arms. In each of the intersecondary areas that separate the throe four armed series there are two plates, one following the other, the second one unites with the plates of the vault which throws the arms together in eight pairs. In each regular interradial area there are ten plates, the first one is hexagonal, rests be- tween the upper sloping sides of the first primary radials, separates the second primary radials and is followed by two smaller plates in the second range, three in the third range, two in the fourth range and two in the fifth range, that sepa- rate the last tertiary radials and unite with the plates of the vault. The azygous area is large and contains twenty two plates. The first one is in line with the first primary radials and about as large; it is followed by three plates in the sec- ond range, five i)lates in the third range, four plates in the rourth range, four plates in the fifth range, three in the sixth range, and two in the seventh range that separate the last tertiary radials and unite with the plates of the vault. 44 The vaiilt is highly convex in the central part and over the ainbulacral channels and depressed toward the margin in the interambulacral areas. There is a large spine bearing plate in the center of the vault and one over the junction of the ainbulacral canals in each of the five radial series. The other plates of the vault are jiolygonal, not tumid or spinous, but radiately sculptured after the manner of those forming the calyx. The plates are generally small and the sculpturing is so delicate and the sutures so indistinct that the artist found it imiiracticable to represent these characters in the illustra- tions. The azygous opening is large, subcentral, elevated and surrounded, at the base, with numerous small plates. The general form and number of plates in the secondary and tertiary series will at once distinguish this species from M. expansus, and it is so diiferent from all other sixteen armed spf^cics, that no comparison with any of them is necessary. It is a marked and beautiful spcnnes. Pound in the Hamilton Group, in Clarke county, Indiana, and the one figured is now in the collection of S. A. Miller, while there are four specimens in the collection of J. F. Ham- mell, of Madison, Indiana, and many more than that in the collection of Win. P. E. Gurley, varying from one-fourth the size of the s])('cinicn illusti'ated, to morti than twic(^ its dimen- sions. MEGISTOCRINUS HEMISPHERICUS, n. Sp. Plate II, Fi(j. IS, basal view azygous side up; Fi(j. 19. azygous side view; Fig. 20, summit view. Species medium size. Calyx suljhomispherical, broadly flat- tened below, a little more tlian one-halt wider tlian high, not constricted below the arms. Arm openings directed upward at an angle of forty-five degrees. Surface in our specimens ap- parently smooth, without any tumid jdates, though as our specimtnis are siliciticd. tlie grauul(>s, if any, are destroyed. Column large and having a large canal. The sutures are nearly all obliterated, in our .specimens, above the third lu'imary ra- dials rendering a technical description of the jDlates above the third primary radials impracticable. 45 The basal plates are substantially covei-ed by the end of the column. The first primary radials are rather large, slightly unequal in size, directed from the column nearly horizontally, and those abutting on a single basal plate are hexagonal and those abutting upon two basals are heptagonal. The second jirimary radials ai-e hexagonal, differ in size and are about as large as the first. The third primary radials are smaller than the first or second, three are iientagonal and two ai"e hexa- gonal. They are axillary and bear the secondary radials. Two of the lateral rays have no tertiary radials and therefore have only two arms each. The ray on the left of the azygous area has four arms; the ray on the right of the azygous area has three arms and the ray oj^posite the azygous area has three arms. This arrangement gives to the species fourteen arms. In the regular interradial areas there is one hexagonal plate separating the .second primary radials, and two plates in the second range separating the third primary radials, each of which is about the size of the primary radials; above these plates the sutures are not distinct. The azygous area is large and protuberant, at the third and fourth ranges of plates. The first azygous plate is in line with the first primary radials and nearly as large; it is followed by three plates in the sec- ond range and by five jilates in the third range, all of which are subequal in size; above the.se plates the sutures are not distinct in our specimen, but there seems to be five plates in the fourth range. The vault is only moderately convex over the ambulacral areas, and rather slarply depi'essed toward the margin in the interambulacral areas. There is a tumid plate in the center and an azygous oi^ening adjoining it. The sutures are de- stroyed in our specimen. There are no S2iiuous plates over the ambulacral canals. This species is distinguished by its general form and fourteen arms. Found in the Hamilton Group, in Clarke county, Indiana, and now in the collection of Mr. J. F. Hanimell, 46 ACTINOCRINUS AI.BERSI, tl. Sp. Plate II, Fig. 21, azygous side; Fig. 22, apposite view; Fig. 23, summit view. Species medium or above medium size. Calyx obconoidal, from one-third to one-half wider than high; plates convex and the larger ones sculptured so as to be more or less pyramidal, angles slightly depressed. No radial ridges. Column medium .size. Basals very short and project almost their entire length be- low the end of tlie column. They are beveled at the sutures so as to give the base a subhexagonal outline. The cicatrix for the attachment of the column is nearly or quite flat. First radials wider tlian long, three hexagonal, and two heptagonal, widening from the base to the lateral angles and contracting above. Second radials from one-fourth to one-half .smaller than the first, hexagonal, and wider than high. Third primary radials a little smaller than the second, pentagonal, axillary, and support on each upper sloping side a single secondary ra- dial, which is axillary, and, in three of the rays, sujjport on eaqh upper sloping side a tertiary radial, which gives to each of these rays four arms. In each ray adjoining the azygous area, there is, on the distal side of each third jirimary radial, a secondai'y radial, that supports upon each upper sloping side a single tertiary radial; but the secondary radial on the proximal side of the third primary radial bears upon its distal side an axillary tertiary radial, that bears upon each upper sloping side a quarternary radial, and ujaon its proximal side two tertiai'y radials, which gives to each of these two rays five arms. There ai-e, thei-efore, twenty- two ambulacral open- ings to the vault, in this species. The regular interradial areas do not connect with tlio ]>lates of the vault. In each of three of tlie areas there are five plates, one, followed by two in the second range and two in the thh-d range; but in the other area there are six jjlates, one, followed by two in the second range, and two in the tliird range, and one small ])late, in the fourth range. We do not suppose, however, that this slight dilference, in the interra- dial areas, is of specific importance, and de.scribe it only be- cause our specimen is so constructed. The azygous area con- if nects with the vault and contains eleven plates. The first one is in line with the first primary radials thouf?h much smaller; it is followed by two jilates in the second range, one of which is larger than it is. There are four plates in the third range that gives to the area a width nearly as great as the length. There are three plates, in the fourth range, that are followed by a single plate in the fifth range, that connects with a singe plate belonging, at least in jjart, to the vault. An ovarian pore is at a lateral angle of the last mentioned plate, wliich shows that it should be classed with the vault plates rather than with those of the calyx. There is a single, .small, inter- secondary jilate in the area between the two arms and the three arms in each ray adjoining the azygous area. The vault is elevated above the ambulacral ojienings, convex, and bears a central proboscis. It is covered by numerous polygonal, convex or spinous plates. It is not concave in the regular interradial areas, but is concave toward the margin in the azygous area. There are fourteen ovarian aper- tures, two separating the two arms from the three ai'ms be- longing to each ray adjoining the azygous area and two be- tween the ambulacral oi)eniugs belonging to each of the five radial series. The specimen upon which this species is founded was col- lected by R. A. Blair, at Sedalia, Missouri, and was jiresented by him to S. A. Miller, among other fossils from the Chou teau limestone of that locality, .several years ago. It has the light lead, color of the Chouteau fossils and that of light yel- lowish color of the fossils from the Burlington Group of that locality. Wei-e it not the color of the fossil itself, we might suppose that it is from the Burlington Group, and that it had accidently fallen in with the Chouteau fossils. But the rock js evidently the same as that in Aciinocrinus {?) Choideanensh, collected by Mr. F. A. Sampson and in other crinoids described from the Chouteau limestone of Sedalia. It does not seem to have any near affinity with any other crinoid from rocks of the age of the Chouteau, nor is it near enough specifically, to any described form from the Burlington Group to require any comparison for the purpose of pointing out differences. We have 4R no doubt that it is fiom the Choutcsau Group. The specific name is in honor of Mr. A. Albers, of Cincinnati, Ohio, who did the drawing for this bulletin, and who is a good palaeon- tologist as well as an excellent artist. '&^ STROTOCRINUS BLAIRI, n. sp. Flule IJ, Fuj. 24, lateral view, some of ihe suittres obscuie at ihe canopy. Species medium size. Calyx below the canopy obpyramidal, truncated little, if any, beyond the size of the column, width about one-half more than the height. Plates convex, the larger ones bearing a central node, from which the plates are radiately sculptured. Radial ridges on the lower side of the canopy or projecting summit, but not distinguishable below the third primary radials. Basals form a very low cup or rim more than four times as wide as high; sutures beveled; facet for the attachment of the column concave. First primary radials a little wider than high, three hexagonal, two heptagonal. Second primary radials about half as large as the first, wider than long, hexagonal. Third primary radials nearly as large as the second, wider than long, heptagonal and supporting on each upper sloping side a single secondary radial, which is axillary and supports on each upper sloping side the tertiary radials. As far as the sutures can be determined in our specimen, where there is a single tertiary radial in any series, it is axillary and bears quaternary plates, but where there are two or more tertiary plates in the series the last one is not axillary. The rays on each side of the azygous area have each six arm openings to the vault, and one of the lateral rays has the .same number and the other two rays as far as preserved indicate the same number. It is, therefore, believed, that there are thirty arm openings to the vault. The regular interradial areas are elongated and cut off from the vault Ijy the tertiary and f[uaternary plates. Tliere are eight plates in each area, one in the first range, two in the second, two in the third, two in the fourth and one in the fifth. The azygous area is also cut off from the vault by the quaternary plates. The first i)lale is in line with the first 49 primary radials and nearly as larjie, it is followed by two plates in the second range, four in the third, four in the fourth and above these there are three or more small plates but the sutures are too indistinct in our specimen to definitely determine the number. The vault is quite convex and bears a central proboscis. It is covered with numerous, highly convex, polygonal plates. This species is so well marked that it is unnecessary to comjiare it with any hitherto described. Found in the Burlington Group, at Sedalia, Missouri, by R. A. Blair, in whose honor we have pi-ojjosed the specific name, and now in the collection of S. A. Miller. ACTINOCKINUS FOVEATUS, n. Sp. Plate II, Fig. 2r>, azygous side; Fig. 26, view opposite the azy- gous area of another specimen, the calyx is a little flattened in both specimens. Species medium size. Calyx obconoidal, more rapidly spread- ing in the upper part than below, especially in the region of the secondary and tertiaiy radials; about one-half wider than high; plates convex, sculptured, more or less stellate; radial ridges angular in the sui)erior part, and angles of the plates depressed. Basals short, slightly constricted above; sutures beveled; columner cavity broad and shallow. P^'irst radials rather wider than long, except the radial on the left of the azygous area, which is longer than wide, three hexagonal, two he]itagonal. Second primary radials about half as long as the first, hexa- gonal, and wider than high, excejjt in the ray on the left of the azygous area, where the second radial is heptagonal and hmger than wide. In this ray there is no third primary ra- dial and the second occupies the position of the secoiid and third primary radials. This feature may be abnormal, but as the first plate is larger than it is in either of the other rays the peculiarity must have commenced with the commencement of the growth of the specimen and is not due to any injury that it could have received. The fact that Shumardocrinus never had but two primary radials in any of its rays leads one to believe, that, in this species, one of the rays, in its — 7 no ■normal condition, may never luivo had more than two. While we have two specimens of this species this particular ray hap- pens to be wholly preserved in only one of them. Third primary radials, in the four rays, a little larger than the sec- ond, thi-ee of them pentagonal, and the one on the right of the azygous area hexagonal, as shown in both of oiw speci- mens; all are axillary, and support on each upper sloping side a single secondary radial, which is axillary and supports upon each superior sloping side a single tertiary radial, except in the ray on the left of the azygous area, where there are two tertiary radials. This peculiarity in the ray having only two primary radials does not appear to be abnormal, and certainly is not the result of any mechanical injury. There are, there- fore, twenty ambulacral openings to the vault. In one of the regular interradial areas adjacent to the ray opposite the azygous area there are six plates, one of which connects with the plates of the vault, and in the othe-r area there are seven plates, one of which connects with the plates of the vault. In the other two regular areas there are onlv five plates, neither of which reaches the plates of the vault, becau.se the areas are cut off by the union of the tertiary ra- dials. The azygous area contains nine plates. Tic first one is in line witli the first primary radials and somewhat sm.allcr; it is followed by two plates in the second range, five plr.tes in the third range, and only one in the fourth range which is cut off from the vaull by the union of the tertiary radials above it. Vault very convex and having more ca]iacity than the calyx. It is covered by large, polygonal, spiniform plates. The- vault is injured at the summit in both of our specimens .so the char- acter of the probo.scis cannot be determined. No ovarian pores discovered. This species, in some respects, resembl<>s a Bdiocrinus. but the hexagonal, second primary radials must ])la('e it in ihe genus Acii'nocrimi!'. The fact that the azygous ai'ea and the two interradial areas adjoining do not connect with the vault, while the other two interradial areas do. would seem to be of specific importance, without reference to the want of unifoi'niity in the number of plates, in the ditteront areas. The ray on 51 the left of the azygoiis area, if normal, will distinguish this species from all others and as the ray on the right is the same in each spt^cimen we think the one on the left is normal. The general form and surface ornamentation will distinguish this from all other species having twenty arm openings to the vault, though it resembles A. fossatus which has forty arm openings to the vault. Found by R. A. Blair, in the Burlington Group, at Sedalia, Missouri, and now in the collection of S. A. Millei-. SAMPSONO(,"RiNus, n. gen. [Ety. The cjeneric name is inlended as a compliment to a (Us- IvKjiii^hid naluralisi, Mr. F. A. Sampson, of Sedalia, Mo.\ Body more or less globose. Basals three, subequal, one pentagonal, two hexagonal. Primary radials either two or thiee in each radial series and differing in this respect in the different radial series in the same specimen. Secondary and tertiary radials present. Interradial plates con- nect with those of the vault, and, in three of the areas the first plate abuts upon the basals, by which arrangement eight plates unite with the basal disc. Vault elevated over the ambulacral canals, and depressed in the interradial s]iaces. Probo.scis subcentral. Type S. hemisphericus. We refer this peculiar genus to the family Actinocrinidyo. SAMPSONOCUINXTS HEMTSPIIEUICUS, n. .sp. Plate III, Fig. 7, basal rnew; Fig. S, summit view; Fig. 9, azugous side, the sutures tyetween some of the plates being obscure; Fig. 10, lateral vietr. General form of the calyx heniisi)herical, rather more than one half wider than high, broadly rounded below. Plates convex. Surface granular. Columnar facet very small. Ai-ms directed horizontally. One of the basal plates is pentagonal and two hexagonal, and they differ but little in size. When united tliey form a disc having three re-entering angles, in one of whicli an azygous plate is su])])oi-ted, and each of the others suppoi-t. a radial series. The jientni'onal plate is truncated by a radial and the hexagonal plates aie truncated by a radial and by an interradial. By this arrangement the basal plates, when united, form a diso having eleven sides and abuts upon eight plates, a pecu liarity we have never observed in any otlier fossil. The first primary radials are longer than wide, very un- equal in size, two pentagonal, two hexagonal, and one heptag- onal. The radial series are so different that we will describe them separately. The first primary radial that truncates the pentagonal basal plate is the largest plate in the body, heptag- onal, and has a width greater than its length. It is followed by a second primary radial, one-halt smaller than the first, longer than wide and heptagonal. This is followed by a short, small, third primary radial that is heptagonal, axillary and supports upon each superior sloping side a small secondary radial, which gives to this ray two arm oi)enings that enter the vault iiorizontally. In one of the series, supported in one of the re-entering angles of the basal disc, the first primary radial is very large and hexagonal. It is followed by a second primary radial, that is very large, wuder than long, heptagonal, axillary, and supjiorts on one of the superior sides a single, secondary radial, which is axillary and sujijiorts tertiary radials, and upon the other two secondary radials, the last of which is axillary and sujiports tertiary radials, which gives to this ray foui' arm openings to the vault, lliat are directed horizontally. In the other series sup))orted in a reentering angle of the l)asal disc, the first primary radial is mucli smaller than the one last described, longer than wide and p(mtagonal. It is followed by a second 2)rimary radial much larger than itself, wider than long, having eight sides, axillary and supporting, cm the left lateral side a single secondai\y radial that is axillary and suj)ports tertiary radials, and, on the su])ei-i()r si(l(>, a single secondary radial that is not axillary, and, on the right lateral side, a secondary radial that is axillary and supports tertiary radials, which arrangement gives to this ray five arms. It will be noticed here, that the two radial series supported in the re- entering angles of the basal disc' have no third ])rimary radials. In the radial series, on th(! right of th(! azygous area, tlie first primary radial is large, longer than wide, hexagonal, and followed by a second primary radial, which is iiiuch smaller, hexiigonal, and followed by a third ])i-iiii;u-y radial, whicli is 53 still smaller, much wider than long, hexagonal, axillary, and bears upon each superior side a single secondary plate, which is short and axillary and bears tertiary radials, which gives to this ray four arm openings to the vault. In the radial series, on the left of the azygous area, the first primary radial is small, longer than wide, pentagonal, and followed by a second primary radial, nearly as large, longer than wide, hexagonal, and followed by a third primary radial, much wider than long, octagonal, axillary, and bearing on the superior sloping sides a single secondary radial, which is axillary and bears tertiary radials, which gives to this ray four arm openings to the vault. It will be observed that the three radial series that truncate the basal disc have, each, three primary radials, though the plates differ in relative form and size There are, therefore, nineteen arm openings to the vault. The first arm plates are small, and the arms are directed horizontally. Beyond this, the arms are unknown. The interradial areas differ, in form, and in the number of plates, and in position, as much as the radial series do, and, though they all connect with the vault and the j^lates grow less in size, until they unite with the plates of the vault, they will be separately described. In the area on the right of the azygous area, the first plate rests oir the basal disc. It is large, longer than wide, hexagonal and is followed by two rather large plates in the second range, and five in the third range, which connect with the plates of the vault, but in this species there is no line separating the i:)lates, in the inter- radial areas, from the vault, as they all graduate into each other. In the area on the left of the azygous area, the first jilate rests on the basal disc. It is large, much longer than wide, heptagonal, and is followed by two plates, in the second range, that unite with three plates which belong to the vault. In the area on the right of the radial series that truncates the pentagonal plate belonging to the basal disc, the first inter- radial rests between the superior lateral sides of the first primary radials. It is moderately large, hexagonal, and is followed by two plates in the second range that unite with throe plates belonging to the vault. In the area on the left of the radial series that truncates the pentagonal plate be- 54 lontjing to tho basal disc, the first iutoi-radial rests between the superior hiteral sides of the first primary radials. It is not as large as the corresponding plate last described, jjentag- onal and is followed by a single plate, in the second range, that unites with thi'ee plates belonging to the vault. This is the smallest of the interradial areas and has only two plates in it. In the azygous area as usual in the Actmocrinidw, the first plate enters one of the re-entering angles of the basal disc, and is in line with the first primary radials. It is longer than wide, hexagonal and followed by two smaller plates, in the second range, three in the third, and four in the fourth, which unite with the plates of tho vault in a zigzag line, with- out any definite mark of separation. The vault is convex, having the radial areas highly and narrowly elevated with abruptly descending, wide interradial . 1 ■ ■ ■ areas. It is covered with numerous, rather small, convex, polygonal plates. It had a small, subcentral proboscis, which is broken off in our specimen, at the summit of the vault Found in the Chouteau limestone, a^ Sedalia, Missouri, by Mr. F. A. Sampson, and now in his collection. AMPHORACRINUS SEDALIENSIS, n. .Sp. Pldte V, Fig. 34, summit vieiv of a smtill sjtecimen; Fig. 35, azygous side of , basal .; view of same; Fig. 37, summit view of same. Species from medium to large size. Calyx somi-elliptical, or bowl shaped, onc-foui-th wider than high, broadly round(>d be- low. In t(!r radial areas depressed between the ai-ni bases where they unite witli tlie plates of tho vault. Plates convex, sculp- tured, more or less stellate. No radial ridges. Column round, medium size, and facet for attachment only slightly concave. Basals shcn-t, and forming an hexagonal disc only about one- half wider tlian the diameter of the column. First radials a little wider than long, three hexagf)nal, two heptagonal. S<'C- ond primary radials about two-thiids as larg(> as the first, longer than wide, hexagonal. Third jnimary radials shoft, much smaller than the second, pentagonal, axillary and sup- port on each upper sloping side a single secondary radial. §5 The seGondary radials aro directed nearly horizontally and stand out. their full len