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AMERICAN
PALEONTOLOGY
MOE Ne
December 1927 - January 1929
Harris Co.
Ithaca, Ne V.
«) ORS BeAr
CONTENTS OF VOLUME XIV
Bulletin No.
51— A foraminiferal fauna from the Guayabal form-
ation in Mexico. By W. Storrs Cole.
52 Contribution to the early Tertiary paleontol-
ogy of Peru: Part 1: Eocene Mollusea and
Brachiopoda. By A, A. Olsson... —
53. 5 oe ee te eee OS ees oo! 24
GassTouUlinay lOO Sak cccceee ks wks bie be ON oe ES oS Oe Se ae a oe ore 32
ONUILETAST Severs nln GN CANA. eres eee ees een ease BZ
Ceratobulimina’ declivis var. meéxicana......2.1.2.-22.22ks--.- ol
(Ciilorrerve Persp vevayra toy Vole b ie ek see Mee eee unos elec pte Fee = lfae ees 35
PS CMCOMUCHLET SLO MM 222005. vn uc) 2) Bt eae SRE ee reece ete ache tesa 36
SEUSS CMa i ep ee oes TN ee ee 35)
Glavulinalipotay abalensis af Si 8. 5.2 eee eee eee 13
Mrsomwe init, Glerticls ¢¢ 25 0 OD a eee eae tee 36
DenbalemarcUuCarensi'S = seetes 2 au ce cee eee smear non Ee ear ec emeaee 14
Pata eee eo ea sd A eee ee ee 15
BRP shOaMNitia MOPAUYA |S 22. 2. 2 oieh se wos dseceeSet poset epee sondae nates 30
POE sea yeuALeN SiS) 3o Vs h ec Ms OS a Soe cee mec ns a eeeeecemnes 29
TRIVESSIWOR NMG (ae meee: Oe aed eel eae ere a EGE UT eer oe 29
Crarneliayaive AUT VAM OVO CS) esse aac ee ce eee 13
(Glaniduallinias nadietilaly 25.55.22 = ae ee ee ile
Reed aeabard user) seeks ak Sk aS es ie 0 a gag eee 21
GUL | Roe cree M2) OV 1 Gi 1? a ae ee ee Oe Pine ames sens. ga) - Ue S 32
Dee Tenet Oe ied ee GE RR a ih a cele eT 33
TTT els Gegegi seer nee a ea FL oe Sa eae ene 33
OUST OWETL SYR ee ee ee ne See Ree ee 33
(UO) ON CEN STIR cs res eae ea dre eee ena ener eee tort eae he cee eee eee 33
SUV SOI Tait oes mee kas LIN Catt a Ade a ie Bul Ue eae wee 34
CloboOnotaltaperassabale. cis) See te eres bee ee el ee 34
CRASSA CACRV AE CLOTS A x85 a 0 eG a ere eae ke ee ee ksh 34
STIMU LOS eee ete ened 2 oe We ee coi} | Aah ogee 34
CS te riiol ina ret oh of 01.6) (=) 0 1 ee erie aN ss ne eer 22
Gyrordinareoayab al Gnsig |: 2-55 = Resi eee a ee 28
SoldaniuayvarOchocameraben see ie eas ee ee ee 29
Eeanitkeminanlomerspina). :..-...42-= ts pee AL 8 es 24
Hemicristellaria subaculeata var. glabrata............................... 20
BULLETIN 51
Menticulinavouayabalen sis so-so ee cesses ce teense ae eee eee
Ta = 12 aCe RS Sele ee ean ee oe Se a
MAU Mea NM ea Ty 2 ee Se ae ee
Meareiniulinay sil bo ullleten sree see ee eee
ING MOSATIA CONSOM TUNA scene eee ce ee a
OC ODSTUST SVT oD all ETN aa
Peat ic OY rile eee SMW aE SLE Arc) odo ne ceed eaten eereeneeeeciosecdciaseacess
[ener ee 2a SER AS AISI SR eR Ser of ees
TM ORIUCAINA co Ee Re se SE Sh Oe See
Fay Of yh g\r2 1 Fr Cae CONC CM DSU fan a ROIS GL Soin Ne eee og ssc aac
WiECOIMATIIN: | 2_ L chy NUS ae a a einen see le fee com eet enero
SPDs eee meg 0s ACL NASR Tee se Re
SID oe ee Na AL NT Ig Re eee nae
ING TOW TUG TSS oe 9d ee ne Ee eee eee eee ON ee
HLOTIMENSTS. ea Ia ees eu eel Ue cee g em ones Rage
GUL YS OTE GLUES VPA TYTN TNT S ge ee era en
Tub WTC AGUS eats a I ae Ey te ee eer nes Sue
OnperculinaPbartschi vey pla ric eee een ae eee ne eee cuenta ree eee
Gus birvvara yf Na Se Ce eee coe ;
Pleveitortreoinhieuilleweney Toaveraeey ayo
SP Peay Wages 2 GS be TU TG EUG tee eA eee ae
Polymorphina communis
JPAFONRO OKONEUNSS TOMKED'OUOAYONOIS) LL oh oe
Publenta® quin quel ob aye ee ee een ee ei es
Pulvinulinella culter var. mexicana
APPA OO) ISOs AU IANA EON oN ER RUM Nee REN nO wr ea
Mpninojealkoe whine, lnerscnOeey use
Robulus alato-limbatus
QTL CU AGUS, 222 OS A ay ST A cee et
TIVE RTCA MUS oe BS Sh a Se AR a Ra ee
mexicanus nudicostatu
pseudocultratus
pseudovortex
1 Ree eF2y Bugz yAC6 Ko) deh Ue DU aya palo Ue ent Me REM A IN
Schizorthosecos interstitia
Siphonina tenuicarinata
exch aria, MMU! XT Cerra) ees Nis LEAL
Trochamminoides guayabalensis
Mrochopora’: bOUe Wye Wah a RNG Ate Aa eae a ee
Murbiniolialpharetra shi vo Sesh a a eee ean ee eo
Uvigerina blanca-costata
elongata
gladyse
pigmea
HIP CTUSIS fa Men a DN eT a Be EI Se
Vaginulinacostifera, 90 oie Ni ale is cna
legumen var. elegans
WES GE os ah ag OE er saa
Vireulina mexicanas). Ue SOU ea ee
Verneuilina palmere
triquetra
INTRODUCTION
The geologists of the Aguila Petroleum Company during
their stratigraphic studies of the Mexican formations chose
as their type locality, for one of these, a cliff of chocolate
colored shales, outcropping twelve kilometers due east of the
village of Potrero in the state of Vera Cruz, Mexico. To
these shales, they gave the formation name Guayabal, from
a small Indian village in the near vicinity of the outcrop.
During the past year, I had the opportunity of visiting
this locality and collecting various samples. Studies of the
microscopic fauna from these samples, made evident the
relationship of the fauna to a small one described already
by Cushman! from the Moctezuma river. With the excep-
tion of Operculina oliveri Cushman, all the species men-
tioned in his paper may be found in the Guayabal type
samples.
As a complete paper on the fauna of this formation has
not yet appeared or as a type locality has not been desig-
nated officially, the purpose of this paper will be an attempt
to record a complete enough foraminiferal fauna to make
the formation recognizable in well-sections and surface
samples and to place a standard name gn record for this
set of shales.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I wish to express my appreciation to Mr. Carroll H.
Wegemann, chief geologist of the Pan-American Petroleum
and Transport Company, for his permission to use Com-
pany material together with my personal samples, in the
preparation of this paper. Acknowledgement is also due
' J. A. Cushman; Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., vol. 9, No. 2,
pp. 298-303, pls. 6-8, 1925.
6 BULLETIN 51 6
Mr. Ellis A. Hall and James B. Dorr of the Huasteca Pe-
troleum Company, Tampico, Mexico, for their aid in obtain-
ing necessary samples and data. I am indebted especially
to Mr. Dorr, for valuable suggestions and stratigraphic in-
formation which he gave very freely while I was in Tampico
and during the preparation of this paper. To Professor
G. D. Harris of Cornell University, I feel very grateful for
advice on this paper and for the use of his excellent labora-
tory facilities; and may I also mention his inspiring influ-
ence while writing this paper. To Katherine V. W. Palmer,
to my wife and many others, I am indebted for suggestions,
friendly criticisms and advice.
DISCUSSION
The Guayabal formation in its type outcrop is a bank of
massive indurated clay of chocolate or reddish brown color.
It is about twenty feet in height and extends approximately
fifty yards before it is covered with debris. This material
breaks with a conchoidal fracture. In the middle of the
cliff there is a slightly more arenaceous zone which is better
stratified than the clay-shale above and below it. Numerous
hard, argillaceous, brown concretions with a carbonate of
iron bond are interstratified throughout the deposit, espe-
cially in the arenaceous zone. Apparently the beds have
suffered little or no deformation and lie in place.
In the wells in the producing region around Cerro Azul,
the Guayabal is encountered from forty to one thousand
and twenty feet below the surface. In this region above the
Guayabal, lie un-named beds of greyish clay-shale which
contain numercus Globigerina and Hantkenina alabamensis
Cushman. Globigerina meavicana Cushman has a range of
about efghty feet directly over the Guayabal which makes
it an excellent marker in indicating proximity to the
“brown shales.” As yet, no name has been proposed for
these grey, Globigerina-Hantkenina indurated clays overly-
“if COLE: MEXICAN FORAMS i
ing the Guayabal. For these beds, I propose the name
“Chapapote” from the village of Chapapote. This formation
outcrops typically on the north bank of the Tuxpam river
a hundred yards down stream from the place where the
trail from Alamo to Potrero crosses the river at Chapapote.
These strata have been known generally to the geologists of
Tampico as the Tierra Blanca beds or, in some cases, as the
Upper Guayabal beds.
The Guayabal has an average thickness of about fifteen
hundred feet, the least thickness from well-sections being
three hundred and thirty feet and the greatest fifteen hun-
dred and thirty feet. The original thickness was not prob-
ably much more than the average thickness. Little is known
of the lateral extent except that the formation thins toward
the northwest. ,
Below the section under discussion, lie other beds of
greyish indurated clays also Glebigerina in character. The
species of Globigerina is different from that found in the
indurated clays above and is easily recognized. This Globi-
gerina is often associated with Hantkenina mexicana Cush-
man, although this form is not always present in samples.
So far as is known, the Tantoyuca formation’ does not
outcrop or occur in wells around Cerro Azul. As the Ter-
tiary stratigraphy of the Tampico Embayment region is
studied in greater detail, it becomes evident that the con-
clusions reached by some of the former workers must be
somewhat altered as a result of the accumulation of new
information. Thus, I consider Robulus mexicanus (Cush-
man), Nodosaria mexicana Cushman and Anomalina um-
bonata Cushman to be the best markers for the Guayabal.
These may extend into the Tantoyuca, but if they do this,
they occur very rarely in that formation. Globigerina mex-
icana Cushman, as before stated, is one of the best markers
2 Ben Belt; Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., vol. 9, No. 1, p.
143, 1925.
8 BULLETIN 51 8
of the basal Chapapote. In this connection, I would like to
state that the Chapapote is probably a deep water phase
of the Tantoyuca*. Mr. James B. Dorr of the Huasteca Pe-
troleam Company intends to publish in full on the Tanto-
yuca. His paper has already been published by title in the
Bulletin of American Association of Petroleum Geologists.
Therefore, I do not care to enter into any further discus-
sion of this formation, except to say that I have seen
samples from what is supposed to be the type locality of
the Tantoyuca. These samples differ in both their litho-
logic and faunal character from any of the Tertiary forma-
tions under discussion in this paper.
The section that is now considered Guayabal by most of
the paleontologists in Tampico, should be divided probably
into two formations; the upper, corresponding to the Guay-
abal as exposed in the type locality; the lower, correspond-
ing to the Tempoal as described by Belt*.
I have compared samples from the Tempoal type locality
with well-sections particularly in Cerro Azul number fifty-
three of the Huasteca Petroleum Company, and a very ex-
cellent foraminiferal and lithological correlation may be
made. The two formations, if they exist as such,’ are evi-
dently related closely; many species being common in sam-
ples from both type localities.
In spite of the proof that I have, I hesitate to make a
definite statement until field work is done and the actual
contact is found exposed and samples examined from each
side.
As a tentative section, in, order to standardize the Eocene
° Personal communication from Mr. James B. Dorr.
*4 Ben Belt; Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., vol. 9, No. 1,
pe 43 1925:
» Note: Mr. Dorr of the Huasteca Petroleum Company, considers
that the differences are not sufficient to warrant the splitting of these
brown shales into two formations. However, the author feels that
unti’ more field evidence is offered, it is better to distinguish one from
the other as the two can be recognized faunally, although lithologi-
cally they are very similar. ae
9 CoLE:, MEXICAN FORAMS 9
of the so-called Southern Field district (the producing re-
gion around Cerro Azul) I would like to propose the fol-
lowing:
GENERAL AGE NAME THICKNESS CHARACTER
Lower Oligocene Alazan ? See Dumble ®
and Vaughan 7
Chapapote 40’ to 1020’+ Grey indurated clays
containing Hantkenina
alabamensis and Globi-
gerina mexicana
Guayabal 1000" Chocolate indurated
clays) and sandstones
containing’ Nodosaria
mexicana and Robulus
mexicanus
Eocene
Tempoal 500’+ Grey to dark colored
sandy shales and thin
sandstones containing
Virgulina, Gyroidina
and Nonion abundantly
Un-named 200/+ Globigerina shales with
Hantkenina mexicana
Chicontepece ? 1000’ ? See Belt §
As the Guayabal contains the genus Hantkenina in some
abundance, the inference may be drawn at once that it is
either Upper Middle or Upper Eocene. The presence of a
Discocyclina which I have referred to D. clarki Cushman,
suggests a correlation with the Meganos group of Clark of
the west coast. Cushman has reported E'ponides mexicana
(Cushman) from deposits of Claiborne age on the Gulf
Coast. However, the best correlation to date has been
made by two species of bryozoa which Dr. Bassler informs
me are Schizorthosecos interstitia Lea and Trochopora
bouei Lea. Also there is found one species of coral Twrbin-
olia pharetra Lea. These forms are typically confined to the
6K. T. Dumble; Calif. Acad. of Sci. Proc., vol. 8, pp. 141-144, 1918.
‘T. W. Vaughan; Bull. Geol. Soc. of Amer., vol. 35, No. 4,
pp. 731-782, 1924.
8 Ben Belt; Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., vol. 9, No. 1, p. 142,
1925.
10 BULLETIN 51 10
Upper Claiborne and Lower Jackson. I am inclined to con-
sider the Guayabal as Claiborne in age rather than Jackson
as the presence of these forms and of D. clarki and E'‘ponides
mexicana seem to warrant this conclusion.
In a future paper, I hope to describe a few mollusks
found in the Guayabal and by means of these to obtain a
moie definite and accurate correlation.
CONCLUSIONS
The Guayabal may be recognized both by lithology and
faunal characters as a separate and distinct formation of
probable Upper Claiborne age. There is a close faunal con-
necsion evidently between the Guayabal and the underlying
Tempoai, but the writer believes that the two formations
are separate and cistinct. However, should more field work
prove tha: the relationship is more definite, the name Tem-
poal must take precedence for the middle Eocene forma-
tions.
Until the time comes when more is known of the Mexi-
can Eocene section, the above suggested classification may
be adhered to as the best that can be presented with the lim-
ited knowledge we now have.
There can be no question as to the Chapapote being a
separate formation as the faunal and lithologic break is
sharp with the underlying Guayabal. However, the Chapa-
pote represents probably a deep water phase® of the Tanto-
yuca. As such, it deserves a separate name to designate it.
DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES
Family AMMODISCIDZ
Genus AMMODISCUS Reuss, 1861
Ammodiscus incertus (d’Orbigny) Pia iro mle
Operculina incertus d’Orbigny, Foram. Cuba, p. 71, pl. 6, figs.
16, 17, 1839.
Ammodiscus incertus H. B. Brady, Rept. Challenger, Zool., vol. 9,
p. 330, pl. 38, figs. 1-3,.1884.
Ammodiscus incertus Plummer, Bull. Univ. Texas, No. 2644, pp.
63-64, pl. 18, figs. la-d, 1926.
® Personal communication from Mr. J. B. Dorr.
11 CoLE: MEXICAN FORAMS 11
Specimens of this species are very rarely encountered
in the Guayabal. The specimens are distorted generally.
Mrs. Plummer in her discussion of Midway Foraminifera
found also that the majority of her specimens had suf-
fered distortion. This species is more common in the Chap-
apote beds where more perfect and typical specimens are
found.
Family LITUOLID
Subfamily HAPLOPHRAGMIINZE
Genus TROCHAMMINOIDES Cushman, 1910
Trochamminoides guayabalensis n. sp. JEM at ieee a bake
Test compressed, close-coiled, inequilateral, about five
chambers in the last formed coil; sutures distinct ; wall fine-
ly arenaceous, smoothly finished.
Diameter 0.42 mm. Thickness 0.13 mm.
This species is related very closely to Trochamminoides
velascoensis Cushman, but differs in having fewer chambers
and a more compressed form. It is difficult sometimes to
tell these two species apart. However, from the study of a
great number of both, I believe the Guayabal species is dis-
tinct. T. guayabalensis has a very long range in the Terti-
aries of Mexico.
Family TEXTULARIID/E
Subfamily SPIROPLECTAMMININZ
Genus TEXTULARIA DeFrance, 1824
Textularia mexicana Nn. sp. Pl. 5, fig.73.
Test small, elongate, thickest in the middle, thence thin-
ning gradually to the periphery; well preserved specimens
with a slight keel; chambers wider than high, finely aren-
aceous, smooth; sutures distinct, covered by a coarse, arena-
ceous layer which joins in the center, forming a prominent
ridge.
Length 0.25-0.50 mm.
12 BULLETIN 51 12
This is a small but constant and characteristic species.
The coarse layers forming the ridge and covering the su-
tures are generally black in color. By this character, this
species is distinguished easily.
Genus VULVULINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Vulvulina cf. spinosa Cushman Pl figs Or
Vulvulina spinosa Cushman, Cont. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res.,
VOL By IN, Bios By Toll Bs, ine, al, WA.
One specimen which may be this species, was found in
the top sample from the Guayabal type locality. Only one
chamber of the uni-serial portion is present. The initial
chambers resemble those of Cushman’s species very closely.
There are young specimens of V. spinosa in the formation
above which agree very closely with this one.
V. spinosa is a relatively common form in the Ghapanee
formation, but very rare in the Guayabal.
Family VERNEUILINIDZA
Genus VERNEUILINA d’Orbigny, 1840
Verneuilina palmere n. sp. 1eAlS 74, tikes, Bile
Test pyramidal, roughly three-sided, the sides convex;
tri-serial throughout; coarsely arenaceous, but only slightly
roughened; chambers inflated; aperture a curved slit at the
base of the last chamber.
Length 0.70 mm.
This is a very rare species, occurring in only one sample.
It is named in honor of Dr. Katherine V. W. Palmer.
Verneuilina aff. triquetra (Munster) Pl. 4, fig. 18.
Textularia triquetra Munster, Neues Jahrb., p. 384, pl. 3, fig. 19,
1838.
Verneuilina triquetra H. B. Brady, Rept. Challenger, Zool., vol. 9,
p. 383, pl. 47, figs. 18-20, 1884.
Verneuilina triquetra Chapman, Pal. Bull. 11, New Zeal. Geol.
Suto. ol, pl-.6y fies ton O2G:
A few specimens which I have placed with hesitancy
under this species occur in the Guayabal. It is a very rare
form,
ue COLE: MEXICAN ForRAMS 13
Genus GAUDRYINA d’Orbigny, 1839
Gaudryina gaudryinoides (Fornasini) Pl. 2, fig. 30.
Clavulina gaudryinoides Fornasini, Bull. Soc. Geol. Ital., vol. 4,
p. 7, tav. 6, figs. 3-9, 1885.
Clavulina gaudryinoides Halkyard, Mem. Proc. Manchester Lit.
Phil. Soc., vol. 62, No. 6, p. 46, pl. 3, figs. 1-3, 1919.
Specimens taken from the top sample agree in every de-
tail with Halkyard’s figures. Therefore, I am referring my
specimens to the same species. There are other forms which
exhibit more strongly the bi-serial character, but it is evi-
dent that they should all be considered under the same
species as there are all gradations.
Genus CLAVULINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Clavulina guayabalensis n. sp. Pe leetios stele
Test elongate, triangular in section, slightly tricarinate;
tri-serial portion short, expanding rapidly to form the uni-
serial portion, the sides of which are parallel; uni-serial
portion composed of three to five chambers; wall composed
of relatively coarse sand grains with a large amount of ce-
ment, giving a smooth finish to the test; sutures in most
specimens very indistinct; aperture terminal, round.
Length 1.1 mm.
This species is relatively common in the bottom samples
from the type locality. It is close to C. angularis d’Orbigny,
but differs in several respects.
Family MILIOLIDZE
Genus QUINQUELOCULINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Quinqueloculina hermosa Nn. sp. Pl.-2, figs, 28,:29.
Test elongate, oval; chambers narrow, of uniform width;
periphery rounded; aperture produced, rounded with a
simple tooth; sutures distinct, surface smooth, polished.
Length 0.40-0.60 mm.
A rare species of small value because of its rarity.
Genus PYRGO DeFrance, 1824
Pyrgo sp. [eal hires, aby
A single species is here figured for future reference.
Without a more complete suite it is hopeless to place this
specifically.
14 BULLETIN 51 14
Family LAGENID-E
Subfamily NODOSARIINZZ
Genus LENTICULINA Lamarck, 1804
Lenticulina guayabalensis n. sp. Pl. 1, figs. 3, 4.
Test closely coiled in young specimens; in the adult, a
portion of the central area becomes visible due to the short-
ening of the final chambers which fail to cover the preceding
volution entirely; sutures distinct, between the last formed
chambers, generally depressed slightly; 9-11 chambers in
the final coil; periphery relatively sharp; central area with
a knob of clear shell material; aperture produced, radiate.
Diameter 0.50-0.75 mm. ;
Lenticulina theta n. sp. Jeb als 1oyess Al'7/.
Test closely coiled, composed of 6-8 chambers which
gradually increase in size; sutures slightly limbate, curved,
flush with the surface of the shell; periphery subangulate,
not keeled; apertural face produced, triangular, tapering
toward the apertural which is slightly produced, radiate.
Diameter 0.50-0.66 mm.
Genus MARGINULINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Marginulina subbullata Hantken Pl. 5, fig. 10.
Marginulina subbullata Hantken, A. Magy. Kir. foldt. int. Evkon.
vol. 4, p. 39, pl. 4, figs. 9, 10, pl. 5, fig. 9, 1875 (1876).
Marginulina subbullata Cushman, Calif. Acad. of Sci. Proc.,
4th ser., vol. 16, No. 8, p: 216, pl. 13, fig. 11, 1927.
In the Guayabal, only one specimen was found which
may be referred to this species. It is very similar to the
form found in the Alazan and Chapapote referred by Cush-
man to Hantken species. In Mexico it is not common in
any formation.
,
Genus DENTALINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Dentalina cucarensis n. sp. JPA Bi, sakes, a14t.
Test elongate, arcuate; chambers gradually enlarging,
inflated ; sutures oblique, of clear shell material, depressed ;
apertural terminal radiate.
Length 0.81 mm,
15 CoLE: MEXICAN ForAMS 15
Dentalina pulchrella n. sp. : eS eation me
Test small, curved, composed of about 6 rapidly enlarg-
ing chambers, the last two comprising over half the test;
wall thin, smooth, clear; sutures becoming more depressed
toward the apertural end; aperture small, terminal, round,
radiate.
Length 0.56 mm.
Genus NODOSARIA Lamarck, 1812
Nodosaria consobrina d’Orbigny Jala Bis inlees Gy
Dentalina consobrina (d’Orbigny), Foram. Foss. Bass. Tert.
Vienne, p. 46, pl. 2, figs. 1-3, 1846.
Nodosaria consobrina Cushman and Hanna, Trans. San Diego
Soc. Nat., Hist., vol. 5, No. 4, p. 52, pl. 4, figs. 7, 8, 1927.
In the bottom samples from the type locality this form is
abundant. It is easily recognized by its smooth, inflated
chambers and initial spine. It is a short-ranged species. It
has also been recorded from the Eocene at Coalinga and San
Diego, California. Perfect specimens are seldom found, due
to the ease with which this form breaks at the sutures.
Nodosaria cocoaensis Cushman var. mexicana n. var. TRAIL ote cakecs )s
Test differing from the original in the greater size and
slightly different apertural end which is not so produced.
Length up to 4.5 mm.
This may represent a new species, but not enough differ-
ences were observed to warrant it being so considered. Ex-
cept for the differences noted above, this species agrees with
Cushman’s figures and description of general shape, charac-
ter of shell material and sutures. The megalospheric form
of this species has a large subglobular, initial chamber wiih
a small spine. Otherwise, it is like the microspheric form.
N. cocoaensts occurs in the Alazan but may be distinguished
easily from the Guayabal variety.
Nodesaria cf. N. granti Plummer jell Weis raters liv.
Nodosaria granti Plummer, Bull. Univ. Texas, No. 2644, p. 77,
pl. 4, figs. 9a-b, 1926. :
Test similar to Nodosaria granti but without the initial
spine. Only one specimen was found. ‘Therefore, the varia-
tion which Mrs. Plummer speaks of could not be observed.
16 ; BULLETIN 51 16
As it agrees better with this species, I am placing it there
temporarily until more material can be studied.
Nodosaria harrisi n. Sp. IRL, Bio he, ZA.
Test elongate, slender, somewhat arcuate, composed of
7-10 subglobular chambers which gradually increase in size
after the first three; sutures compressed, composed of
clearer shell material ; shell generally brown in color, smooth,
elistening; aperture terminal, phialine.
Length 0.74 mm.
This species is sparingly present. In the other Mexican
Tertiary formations, there are specimens very close to this
species. It probably has a very extended vertical range.
Evidently it is related closely to Nedosaria jacksonensis
Cushman and Applin. It differs from this species in the
initial chambers mainly and also in size. For stratigraphic
reasons, I have made this a new species as there is a form
in the beds above the Guayabal, which agrees more closely
with the true N. jacksonensis. This species is named in
honor of Professor G. D. Harris.
Nodosaria mexicana Cushman JPL By Tiers. 3}, al
Nodosaria mexicana Cushman, Cont. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res.,
WOlG als jones Il yoy fH, joule IL, ines, Bi, 2h, Gs.
Cushman’s figures and description of this species, rep-
resent evidently broken specimens, as the adult form adds
from three to five large, rounding chambers after the ridged
ones. While most of the specimens compare exactly with
his figures and discussion, a few well developed and adult
fcrms may be found, which have the final chambers.
This species is listed as coming from the Tantoyuca for-
mation. If it occurs in this formation, it is either very rare
or is due to contamination with re-worked material. With
Robulus mexicanus, this species is the most abundant and
characteristic of the Guayabal formation.
Nodosaria oolinata n. sp. FeAl Se, ies, 1G.
Test slender, elongate, arcuate, composed of numerous
ale CoLE: MEXICAN FORAMS 17
gradually enlarging, slightly inflated chambers; sutures dis-
tinct, depressed, of clear shell material; chambers orna-
mented by having a few, very indistinct, spinous processes
on the posterior side; aperture very slightly produced.
Length 0.70 mm.
Nodosaria wegemanni N. sp. Pls tons:
Test long, slender, slightly arcuate, gradually enlarging ;
chambers 10-12 in number, slightly inflated, ornamented by
fine but distinctive costze that follow the entire length of
the test; sutures moderately constricted toward the aper-
tural end, very slightly, if at all constricted between the
initial chamber; aperture not observed.
Length up to 2 mm.
This is a rare species, only a few specimens being found
in the upper sample. It is named in honor of Mr. Carroll
H. Wegemann, chief geologist of the Pan-American Petro-
leum and Transport Company.
Nodosaria sp. (4b Bi, inked, IY
In the middle sample, there was found a specimen of a
Nodcsaria showing four chambers. I am figuring it in the
hope that more specimens may become available, so that
it can be described specifically.
Nedosaria sp. Piva figascile
This is a broken specimen, showing the last four cham-
bers. It occurred in the upper sample from the type local-
ity. Without a complete specimen or more fragments, this
cannot be placed specifically.
Genus GLANDULINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Glandulina radicula (Linnzus) © 1eilS Bis ales GR 16
Nautilus radicula Linneus, Syst. Nat., 12th ed., pp. 285, 1164,
1767; Gmelin’s ed. 18, vol. 1, pt. 6, p. 3373, No. 18, 1788.
Nodosaria radicula d’Orbigny, Ann. Sci. Nat., vol. 7, p. 252,
No. 8, Modele No. 1, 1826.
Nodosaria radicula Cushman, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 100,
vol. 4, p. 190, pl. 34, fig. 4, 1919.
Nodosaria radicula Plummer, Bull. Univ. Texas, No. 2644,
p. 77, pl. 4, figs. 9a, b, 1926.
18 BULLETIN 51 18
The Guayabal forms seem very typical of this species.
There seems to be considerable range as to the amount of
constriction the sutures may take. On some specimens,
there is little or no constriction of sutures toward the aper-
tural end. On others, it is very marked, particularly in the
final suture.
Genus ROBULUS Montfort, 1808
Robulus alato-limbatus (Gumbel) Pliva; foes
Robulina alato-limbata Gumbel, Abhandl. Kon. Bay. Akad. Wiss.,
Munchen, Cl. 2, vol. 10, p. 641, pl. 2, figs. 70a, b, (1868 [1870]).
Cristellaria alato-limbata Cushman and Applin, Bull. Amer. Assoc.
Petrol. Geol., vol. 10, No. 9, pp. 171, 172, pl. 8, figs. 8a, b, 1926.
Numerous specimens which resemble very closely Gum-
bel’s species from the Eocene of Europe are found through-
out the Guayabal. It is a very common form with a long
range, probably extending into the formations above.
Robulus articulatus (Reuss) Rie iiosmkess
Robulina articulata Reuss, Sitz, Akad. Wiss., Wien, vol. 48, p. 538,
pl. 5, fig. 62, 1868. .
Cristellaria articulata H. B. Brady, Rept. Challenger, Zool., vol.
9, p. 547, pl. 69, figs. 10-12, 1884.
The Guayabal specimens appear similar to the figures
and descriptions generally given for this species. While it
is comparatively large and easily recognized, it is rare at
all horizons.
Robulus mexicanus (Cushman) Pl, 1, figs 20:
Cristellaria mexicana Cushman, Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol.,
vol. 9,,No. 2, p. 299, pl. 7, fig. 1, 2, March, April, 1925.
Robulus mexicanus (Cushman), Jour. of Pal., vol. 1, No. 2, p. 151,
pl. 28, fig. 8, 1927.
This species is particularly well developed, being one of
the most abundant and characteristic of the formation, es-
pecially in the upper and middle parts of the well-sections.
Numerous specimens were compared not only with Cush-
man’s description and plates, but also with actual speci-
mens from the Operculina oliveri zone of the Moctezuma
river. In all cases, they appear to be similar.
19 CoLE: MEXICAN FORAMS 19
The variety R. mexicanus nudicostatus Cushman and
Hanna described from the Eocene of California occurs com-
monly at all horizons. There are, however, all gradations
in this species. One form of R. mexicanus is very uncoiled,
typically exhibiting three to five chambers in the uncoiled
portion. All of these forms are confined typicaily to the
Guayabal, but R. m. nudicostatus extends into the Tempoal.
Robulus pseudovortex n. Sp. 1PAi, it, aoe, IAA.
Test close-coiled, biconvex, umbonate, 6 chambers com-
posing the last formed coil; chambers elongate, curved, en-
larging as they approach the periphery; sutures raised,
whirling out from the center umbo; peripheral margin
acute, but not carinate; last septal face small, triangular,
the aperture taking up most of the face.
Diameter 0.70 mm.
While this species adopted a very similar form of coil-
ing to that of R. vortex, it can be recognized by its fewer
chambers which are very much enlarged upon reaching the
periphery.
Robulus pseudocultratus, n. sp. 1 a, toes, 5
Test relatively small, closely coiled, with a wide, clear
keel, eight chambers forming the final volution; sutures dis-
tinct, of clear shell material, widening as they approach the
keel, generally flush with the surface of the test; umbilical
area relatively large, filled with clear shell material; aper-
ture radiate.
Diameter 0.58 mm.
This species belongs to the general group of specimens
referred to C. cultrata, but differs from that in its much
smaller size, less raised sutures, and larger, more distinct
umbilical area. It is rare at all horizons.
Genus LINGULINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Lingulina mexicana N. sp. led ke rare Sh
Test broadly ovate, nearly as broad as long, composed
20 BULLETIN 51 20
of about five chambers, the last making at least half of the
individual; sutures indistinct; shell thick, highly polished ;
aperture elongate, terminal, enclosed by two rather promi-
nent lips.
Length 0.63 mm. Width 0.59 mm. Thickness 0.33 mm.
This is a rare species. It has no stratigraphic value on
account of its rarity.
Genus HEMICRISTELLARIA Stache, 1864
Hemicristellaria subaculeata (Cushman), var. glabrata (Cushman)
Cristellaria subaculeata Cushman, var. glabrata Cushman, Bull.
U.S) Nat. Mus. No: 104) pt 4. ont 242e pl 32) he 4) soln.
fi2s. 2, Se Plas. fee, LIZS. :
Cristellaria subaculeatu Cushman, var. glabrata Cushman and
Hanna, Calif. Acad. of Sci. Proc., vol. 16, No. 8, p. 219, 1927.
Specimens that agree very closely with this variety oc-
cur sparingly in the Guayabal. The only difference noted
was that the Guayabal variety does not have as strong a
development of spines on the periphery.
This form may be a new variety but as there is so much
variation in this type of foraminifera, it was considered
best to refer it to the described form, noting the differences.
Cushman has found what he considers is this form near
Coalinga, California. There, it was associated with the
typical form for the species. The typical form does not
seem to occur in the Guayabal.
Genus VAGINULINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Vaginulina costifera n. sp. ete miles 1185,
Test relatively small, flattened, curved initially, keeled,
strongly costate; coste twelve in number, running the en-
tire length of the test; sutures very indistinct; about three
chambers making up the linear portion; aperture produced,
radiate.
Length 0.80 mm.
This is a striking spccies, occurring rarely in the samples
irom the middle of the type outcrop.
21 CoLE: MEXICAN FORAMS PAL
Vaginulina legumen (Linnzus), var. elegans d’Orbigny
124 eye bakegeh ANG Ete
Vaginulina elegans d’Orbigny, Ann. Sci. Nat., vol. 7, p. 257.
Vaginulina legumen (Linneus) var. elegans Foyrnasini, Bull.
Soc. Geol. Tial., vol. 5, p.°25, pl. 1, fies: 1 (7), 2, 8, 1886.
Vaginulina legumen (Linneus), var. elegans Cushman, Bull.
U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 100, vol. 4, p. 258, pl. 41, fig. 4, 1919.
Inasmuch as the original figure was not available, I am
referring the Guayabal specimens to this type, provision-
ally. It agrees very closely with both Cushman’s Vicks-
burg: figure and Mrs. Plummer’s Midway.
It occurred in both the lower and middle samples from
the type locality, but was very rare.
Vaginulina wrighti n. sp. Je ai, res. Ist.
Test slightly compressed laterally, composed of about
eight chambers; sutures distinct, oblique; wall smooth, pol-
ished; chambers gradually enlarging, aperture produced.
Length 0.58 mm.
This is a very rare species and is named in honor of
Dr. Albert H. Wright.
Family POLYMORPHINZE
Subfamily POLYMORPHININZE
Genus POLYMORPHINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Polymorphina communis d’Orbigny Palettes Os
Polymorphina (Guttulina) communis d’Orbigny, Ann. Sci. Nat.,
vol. 7, p. 266, No. 15, pl. 12, figs. 1-4, 1826.
Polymorphina communis d’Orbigny, Foram. Foss. Bass. Tert.
Vienne, p. 224, pl. 13, figs. 6-8, 1846.
Polymorphina communis Plummer, Bull. Univ. Texas, No. 2644,
pp. 123-124, pl. 6, figs. 12a, b, 1926.
This species from the Guayabal is very similar to figures
generally given for this type of Polymorphina. It is a
rather common species in the bottom samples from the type
locality, but occurs rarely in the others.
Genus GLOBULINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Globulina gibba d’Orbigny Pia esl G:
Polymorphina subcordiformia vel oviformia Soldani, Testaceo-
graphiae, vol. 1, pt. 2, p. 114, pl. 118, fig. 22, C. ete. 1791.
Polymorphina (Globulina) gibba d’Orbigny, Ann. Sci. Nat., vol. 7,
p. 266, No. 20, Modele No. 63, 1826.
BULLETIN 51 22
bo
bo
Globulina gibba d’Orbigny, Foram. Foss. Bass. Tert. Vienne,
p. 227, pl. 13, figs. 18, 14, 1846.
Polymorphina gibba Cushman, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 104,
pt. 4, p. 150, 1928.
Occasionally, specimens are found which may be re-
ferred to this species. They are very rare and probably of
no stratigraphic importance.
Genus GUTTULINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Guttulina problema d’Orbigny BL 4 ike, 0),
Polymorphina (Guttulina) problema d’Orbigny, Ann. Sci. Nat.,
vol. 7, p. 266, No. 14, Modeles No. 61, 1826.
Polymorphina problema Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey, Prof.
Paper, No. 133, p. 33, pl. b, fig: 6, 1923"
Specimens that agree in every respect with d’Orbigny’s
figures and also those given for recent forms, were found in
the middle sample from the Guayabal locality. It is a very
rare form and therefore of no importance.
Family NONIONIDZE
Genus NONION Montfort, 1808
Nonion micrus N. sp. IE, Hie, LZ.
Test small, compressed, strongly umbilicate, slightly lo-
bate; sutures depressed, 6-8 chambers composing the last
formed coil; shell wall very thin, rather coarsely perforate;
aperture at the base of the last chamber, large.
Diameter 0.2-0.3 mm. Thickness 0.1 mm.
This small Nonion occurs rather frequently at all hori-
zons in the Guayabal. It ranges also into the Chapapote.
Its compressed, thin walled lobate chambers make it easy
to recognize.
Nonion florinensis n. sp. Pl. 4, fig. 4.
Test small, compressed, considerably longer than wide,
composed of nine chambers in the last formed volution; su-
tures distinct, evenly curved; periphery broadly rounded;
umbilical area often exposed showing the inner ends of the
earlier chambers; wall smooth; aperture a small arched
opening at the base of the last septal face.
Diameter 0,21 mm. Thickness 0.10 mm.
23 CoLE: MEXICAN FoORAMS 23
This small species occurs frequently associated with the
other two species of Nonion. It is very similar to Nonion
hantkeri (Cushman and Applin) from the Upper Eocene of
Texas but differs in having a constantly, smaller number of
chambers and different shape. As far as is known, this
species is restricted to the Guayabal.
Nonion turgidus (Williamson) var. mexicanus n. var. Pl. 2, fig. 12.
The variety differs from the original in the less embrac-
ing character of the last chamber, and the last septal face
being not so large as in the typical twrgidus.
Length 0.25-0.35 mm.
The Mexican species are very close, but should be sepa-
rated from the original.
Nonion cf. umbilicatulus (Montagu) var. IPL 5, ines, (05
Nautilus wnbilicatulus Montagu, Test. Brit., p. 191, 1803.
Occasional specimens of Nonion are found in the Guaya-
bal samples which I am referring to this species until more
work is done to separate the various specimens which are
considered N. umbilicatulus.
Family NUMMULITIDZ
Genus OPERCULINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Operculina cushmani Nn. sp. Tell, Pe angen. abel
Test complanate, compressed, composed usually of about
three coils, the last with twenty to twenty-two chambers
which are very long and narrow; sutures very slightly
raised with a tendency to bead, especially near the center,
gently curved, meeting in the center on some specimens to
form a very slight umbo which is never very prominent.
Length 2.5 mm.
Of the described Operculinas, its nearest representative
is O. ocalana. It differs from this in its smaller size, less
raised sutures and un-thickened periphery.
Operculina bartschi Cushman, var. plana Cushman Pu ee antes, Ail
Operculina bartschi Cushman, var. plana Cushman, Carnegie
Inst vole 2p. 50. pl. Mites. b.6e 1924:
This form is identical with the recent species described
24 BULLETIN 51 24
by Cushman. This is the first record of this Operculina in
the fossil state. It is rare in its occurrence and of small
value as a horizon marker.
Family HETEROHELICIDE
Subfamily PLECTOFRONDICULARIN/ZE
Genus PLECTOFRONDICULARIA Liebus, 1903
Plectofrondicularia mexicana Cushman
Plectofrondicularia mexicana (Cushman), Cont. Cushman’s Lab.
Foram. Res., vol. 1, pt. 4, p. 88, pl. 13, figs. 5a-c, 1926.
This is a beautiful species, occurring most abundantly
in the sample from the middle zone of the type locality with
Hantkenina longispina Cushman.
Plectofrondicularia sp. JPA An ees, INC
Specimens referable to this genus, occur sparingly in
the middle sample from the type locality As a complete
specimen was not found, it was considered better not to
place this form specifically. It is here figured for future
reference.
Family HANTKENINIDZE
Genus HANTKENINA Cushman, 1924
Hantkenina longispina Cushman Pi Aa ioe
Hantkenina longispina Cushman, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 66,
106 25 ol, PA, aires, ZL RAL
Hantkenina longispina Cushman, Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol.,
vol. 9, No. 2, March-April, p. 299, pl. 7, fig. 3, 1925.
In the sample taken at the middle horizon at the type
outcrop, this species occurs relatively abundant. In view
of the fact of its comparative rarity, in all the samples ex-
amined, and its fragility, it is valueless as a marker in well
sections.
Family BULIMINIDZ
Subfamily BULIMININZE
Genus BULIMINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Bulimina guayabalensis n. sp. TENS ily mess, IL, 2.
Test compact, ovate, broadest near the apertural end,
chambers few, large, inflated, smooth; sutures strongly de-
25 CoLE: MEXICAN FORAMS 25
pressed aperturally, very slightly depressed in the initial
chambers; aperture long, narrow.
Length 0.42 mm. Width 0.26 mm.
Cushman has figured already this species under Buli-
mina sp. in his Moctezuma paper and also a species very
similar to this, in his discussion of the Texas Jackson Fora-
minifera. It belongs to the general group of Bulimina
pupoides d’Orbigny, but differs in the fewer number of
chambers, more compact form and slightly different ar-
rangement of chambers.
Bulimina inflata Seguenza Pio eiieaele
Bulmina inflata Seguenza, Atti. Accad. Givenia Sci. Nat., ser. 2,
vOlultsa pe tOGsenl we tose:
Bulimina inflata H. B. Brady, Rept. Challenger, Zool., vol. 9,
p. 406, pl. 51, figs. 10-13, 1884.
Bulimina inflata Cushman, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 100, vol. 4,
DeL6On ply ole ties 6, LOZAe
There are specimens from the Guayabal which are very
similar in shape and ornamentation to that of Seguenza’s.
For the present, it is considered better to refer it to this
species.
Subfamily VIRGULININZ
Genus VIRGULINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Virgulina mexicana Nn. Sp. Pipe S tio ala.
Test small, compressed, axis slightly twisted; tri-serial
portion very short; bi-serial chambers elongate, bolivine;
sutures distinct, slightly depressed; wall smooth, very finely
perforate; aperture comma shaped at the end of the last
chamber.
Length 0.30-0.55 mm.
This species is very close, if not identical with one Cush-
man figured in his Byram marl paper as Virgulina sp. It is
characteristic of both the Guayabal and Tempoal, but its
range is restricted to these formations. At some horizons
it is very abundant.
26 BULLETIN 51 26
Genus BOLIVINA d’Orbigny, 1839
Bolivina gracilis Cushman and Applin IAL By ithe, 1183.
Bolivina gracilis Cushman and Applin, Bull. ‘Amer. Assoc. Petrol.
Geol., vol. 10, No. 2, p. 167, pl. 7, figs. 1, 2, 1926.
There are small specimens of Bolivina in the Guayabal,
that compare closely with Cushman’s and Applin’s descrip-
tion and figures. I am referring my specimens to this
species with some hesitancy. They occur rarely and are
easily overlooked. The best specimens came from the bot-
tom sample from the Guayabal locality.
Genus PROROPORUS Ehrenberg, 1844
Proroporus mexicanus N. sp. Jelly tl, ane, i19)-
Test elongate, triangular, thickest in the middle, thin-
ning evenly to the periphery, which is serrate, the serra-
tions being in the shape of a thin keel which is indented
at each suture; sutures distinct, depressed, the chamber
wall between the sutures being white and raised; aperture
terminal, large. |
Length 0.93 mm.
This is a rare but peculiar species from the top sample
at the type locality.
Subfamily UVIGERININZ
Genus UVIGERINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Uvigerina blanca-costata n. sp. Plo 2. Shovels
Test relatively small, later portion with the chambers
somewhat loosely arranged, periphery in this portion, lobu-
late; chambers few, inflated, especially the later ones; wall
ornamented with longitudinal coste, the costs not confluent
with those on the chambers above or below; in the early
portion there is the tendency of the costz to break into
spines; aperture a tapering, cylindrical neck.
Length 0.33 mm.
This is a relatively rare form.
Uvigerina elongata n. sp. Pll 4, ficssonae
Test small, elongate, composed of a compact, early por-
tion, with a tendency for the final chamber to be added uni- -
27 CoLE: MEXICAN FoRAMS 27
serially ; surface slightly hispid; aperture an elongate neck
and with a narrow, rimmed phialine neck.
Length 0.35-0.40 mm.
This species is nearest Uvigerina ampullacea H. B.
Brady, but differs in having the uni-serial portion not so
strongly developed and not as strongly hispid. It is also
much smaller in size and has a shorter neck.
Uvigerina gladysz n. sp. Vey, sores, ile
Test minute, about as broad as long, apertural end the
largest; chambers few, strongly inflated; sutures distinct;
the initial chambers having 3-5 short spines, test otherwise
without ornamentation; aperture circular on the end of a
short neck.
Length 0.15 mm.
It is fairly common in most samples but easily overlooked
on account of its small size.
Uvigerina pigmea d’Orbigny Pl. bohie 30:
Uvigerina pigmea d’Orbigny, Ann. Sci. Nat. vol. 7, p. 269, pl. 12,
figs. 8, 9, 1826.
Uvigerina pygmaea d’Orbigny, Foram. Foss. Bass. Tert. Vienne,
PaO s pladlel siiesee2b 26. 1 84G:
Specimens that are similar in type to the figures given
in the Vienna Basin monograph are found in the Guayabal
samples from the type locality. No specimen from the
Guayabal gives any indication of grading into the type of
U. pigmea as represented by the figure in the Annales des
Sciences Naturales, which should probably be considered a
separate species.
Uvigerina rippensis n. sp. TEAL, PAS antes, IU
Test of medium size for the genus, elongate, fusiform:
periphery slightly lobulate; chambers rather few, inflated,
evenly rounded; sutures slightly depressed; central cham-
bers ornamented with coarse, prominent, longitudinal costze
which break into spines on either end of the test; apertural
end with a short, cylindrical neck and phialine lip.
Length 0.75 mm.
28 BULLETIN 51 28
This is a very characteristic species, found only in the
middle sample. It is easily recognized by the tuberculate
apertural and initial ends with the coarse coste between.
Genus ANGULOGERINA Cushman, 1927
Angulogerina gallowayi n. sp. Pi. By, saya, {si
Test elongate, tapering toward either end, composed of
numerous chambers, three making each whorl, with the ex-
ception of the last chamber which is added uni-serially ;
chambers are so compressed as to make a tri-facial test;
chambers smooth, perforate; some specimens having a
slight keel along the angles; aperture elongate, with a phia-
line lip.
Length 0.2-0.4 mm.
This species is close to Angulogerina angulosa (William-
son), but differs in size and ornamentation. It is without
doubt a distinct species and easily recognized in spite of its
small form. It is abundant at some horizons, especially the
middle sample from the type locality. This species is named
in honor of Dr. J. J. Galloway of Columbia University.
Family ROTALIIDE
Subfamily DISCORBISINE
Genus GYROIDINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Gyroidina guayabalensis n. sp. Pl 2 ies 2 i lOMeane
Test plano-convex, ventral side strongly convex; 8-9
chambers forming the last volution, deeply umbilicate; su-
tures distinct, not raised; chambers of the last formed coil
appearing very narrow on the dorsal side; a distinct de-
pression between the last formed coil and the remaining
coils on the dorsal side; aperture an elongate slit on the
center of the inner edge of the last face.
Diameter 0.40 mm. Thickness 0.27 mm.
This species differs from G. soldanii var. octocamerata
in its larger size, more angulated margin, flush sutures and
narrower, more elongated chambers of the last coil,
29 CoLE: MEXICAN FORAMS 29
Gyroidina soldanii d’Orbigny var. octocamerata Cushman and
Hanna Bie hes. eae nee:
Gyroidina soldanii d’Orbigny var. octocamerata Cushman and
Hanna, Calif. Acad. of Sci. Proc., 4th ser., vol. 16, No. 8,
p. 223, pl. 14, fig. 16-18, 1927.
This species described from the Eocene of California is
rather common in many of the Guayabal samples.
Subfamily ROTALIIN/E
Genus EPONIDES Montfort, 1808
Eponides guayabalensis n. sp. Rike2e figss owl 0)
Test unequally bi-convex, composed of three and one-
half coils, the ventral side more convex than the dorsal, um-
bilicate; periphery angulate, subcarinate, 12-14 chambers
in the last volution; sutures on both dorsal and ventral side
nearly straight, the ventral ones forming a ring of clear
shell material around the umbilicus; aperture a low arched
slit between the umbilicus and periphery.
Diameter 0.82 mm. Thickness 0.52 mm.
In general aspect, this species resembles HF. mexicana
but with its greater number of coils and chambers, together
with the nearly straight, dorsal sutures and large size, it is
easily recognizable. It is a characteristic and abundant
form in the Guayabal and should be an excellent marker.
Eponides mexicana (Cushman) LEAL AS ines Os Wie, tS
Pulvinulina mexicana Cushman, Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol.,
vol. 9, No. 2, p. 300, pl. 7, figs. 7, 8, 1925.
Eponides mexicana (Cushman), Jour. of Pal., vol. 1, No. 2, p. 165,
pl. 26, fess 65) 1, 1927.
Numerous specimens of the species occur, particularly
in the bottom sample. It is another characteristic foram-
inifera confined to the Guayabal and should prove to be an
excellent horizon marker.
Genus ROTALIA Lamarck, 1804.
Rotalia dorri n. sp. Pia fess 5G:
Test bi-convex, umbilicate tightly coiled; ventral side
more convex than the dorsal; two and one-half coils with
8-9 gradually enlarging chambers in the last formed coil;
30 BULLETIN 51 30
margin rounded; aperture an arched slit on the last septal
face, midway between the dorsal margin and the umbilicus.
Diameter 0.35-0.75 mm.
This is a distinct species found in great numbers in the
lower sample from the type locality. It seems to be con-
fined to the Guayabal and is an excellent marker for certain
horizons. This species is named in honor of Mr. James B.
Dorr, Paleontologist of the Huasteca Petroleum Company,
Tampico, Mexico.
Subfamily SIPHONININAD
Genus EPISTOMINA Terquem, 1883
Epistomina bradyi Galloway and Wissler IL, PAS ies, 1. 2
Pulvinulina partschiana H. B. Brady (d’Orbigny), Rept. Chal-
lenger, Zool., vol. 9, p. 699, pl. 105, fig. 3, 1884.
Epistomina bradyi Galloway and Wissler, Jour. of Pal., vol. 1,
No. 1, pp. 60-61, pl. 10, fig. 1, 1927.
Several specimens of the same character as the one de-
scribed by Galloway and Wissler occur in the Guayabal
sample. It is not very distinctive and probably of no strati-
graphic value as similar species occur in other Mexican for-
mations. Cushman considers the specimens he has from
the Alazan as E’pistomina elegans (d’Orbigny). However,
the Guayabal specimens agree more closely to Brady’s and
Galloway’s figures, than to those usually referred to as
E.. elegans.
Genus SIPHONINA Reuss, 1849
Siphonina tenuicarinata Cushman PRD ati ge: Samlemze
Siphonina tenuicarinata Cushman, Jour. of Pal.; vol. 1, No. 2,
pp. 166-167, pl. 26, figs. 11, 12, 1927.
The Guayabal specimens resemble the Alazan species as
described by Cushman very closely. I have compared ac-
tual specimens and the only difference noted is that the wide
keel is missing frequently in the Guayabal forms. Many
Alazan specimens also seem to be lacking the keel. As the
chambers and other features of the test remain constant and
similar, I am referring the Guayabal specimens to his spe-
cies. This is one of the long ranged foramininfera in the
Mexican formations,
31 CoLE: MEXICAN FORAMS 31
Family AMPHISTEGINIDZ:
Genus AMPHISTEGINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Amphistegina mexicana N. sp. VEAL ee ie Be
Test small, lenticular or more convex on the ventral side
in some specimens; 24-26 chambers composing the last
formed volution which embraces all the preceding ones; sut-
ures distinct, particularly in older specimens where they
are slightly raised, straight for half their length, after which
they are strongly recurved; the area near the aperture
slightly papillate.
Diameter 1.06-1.60 mm.
Family CASSIDULINIDZE
Subfamily CERATOBULIMININ-Z
Genus CERATOBULIMINA Toula, 1920
Ceratobulimina declivis Reuss, var. mexicana IPA, Bs aghast, IG,
The variety differs from the original in its more com-
pact form, less prominent sutures and less_ inflated
chambers.
Length 0.42 mm.
This is a very rare species in the Guayabal and as far as
I know, does not occur in any other Mexican formation.
Genus PULVINULINELLA Cushman, 1926
Pulvinulinella culter (Parker and Jones), vav. m>-xicana n. sp.
Ved, ils aniease U5), 11
The variety differs from the typical form in its larger
size, narrow flange, less pronounced, ventral sutures,
greater bi-convexity and very smooth, glassy, dorsal surface.
Diameter 0.75-0.95 mm.
Specimens are relatively rare, but from observations on
other formations, this variety probably ranges through
most of the Eocene formations in Mexico, at least up to the
Alazan. It is related to Pulvinulinella interrupta Cushman
from the Alazan and Pulvinulinella velascoensis (Cushman)
from the Velasco. It is intermediate between these two
types.
39 BULLETIN 51 32
Subfamily CASSIDULININZ
Genus CASSIDULINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Cassidulina globosa Hantken
Cassidulina globosa Hantken, A magy. kir. foldt. in. eukonyve.,
VO 4. ps o4, pl. NOs fies 2) 1875 (Sib).
Cassidulina globosa Hantken, Mitth. Jahrb. ungar. geol. Anstalt.,
VOle Aap eG4l le iGrahiome Zemin (alts oie) ie
Cassidulina globosa Cushman, Jour. of Pal., vol. 1, No. 2, p. 167,
jo AS, rakes, RY, UPA
A species occurring very infrequently, may be referred
to the one described by Hantken. It is a long ranged foram-
inifera in the Mexican formations and therefore, of no
stratigraphic importance.
Cassidulina lomitensis Galloway and Wissler, var. mexicana n. var.
Pl. 5, figs. 45.
This variety differs from the typical form mainly in
size and thickness. Specimens of this variety while coiling
exactly as the Californian species and having the same
shaped aperture, are constant in their much smaller size.
Diameter 0.21 mm. Thickness 0.11 mm.
It is a rare form in the Guayabal and easily overlooked
on account of its small size.
Family CHILOSTOMELLIDZE
Subfamily ALLOMORPHINELLINZE
Genus PULLENIA Parker and Jones, 1862
Pullenia quinqueloba (Reuss) PI op aigalios
Nonionina quinqueloba Reuss, Zeitschr. deutsch. geol. Ges., vol. 3,
p. 47, pl. 5, figs. 31a, b, 1851.
Pullenia quinqueloba Cushman, Bull. U S. Nat. Mus., No. 100,
vol. 4, p. 299, 1921.
Small, five chambered specimens of this genus which
may be referred to Reuss’ species, are found very rarely in
the Guayabal material.
Family GLOBIGERINIDE
Subfamily GLOBIGERININZE
Genus GLOBIGERINA d’Orbigny, 1826
sichigerina apertura Cushman
Globigervina apertura Cushman, Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey, No. 676,
19> Ola OY WA sakes Pe Tienls
Globige. ina apertura Galloway and Wissler, Jour. of Pal., vol. 1,
No. 1, p. 40, pl. 7, fig. 5, 1927.
33 CoLE: MEXICAN FORAMS 30
Frequent specimens of Globigerina that resemble Cush-
man’s species very closely, are found in the Guayabal. So
far, this is the lowest record for this species.
Globigerina bakeri n. sp. Pie 4 nes. N23:
Test large, composed of four, inflated chambers in the
last volution ; initial chambers small, usually five in number,
tightly coiled; wall coarsely punctate; one main aperture
and several smaller ones opening into the shallow umbilicus.
Diameter 0.63 mm.
This large, subglobular species is one of the commonest
of the Globigerina forms encountered in the Guayabal. It
is named in honor of Mr. William Baker, Geclogist of the
Trans-continental Petroleum Company, Tampico, Mexico.
Globigerina orbiformis n. sp. Pl. 5; fig: 7.
Test small, spherical; sutures in most specimens very
indistinct; chambers slightly if at all inflated; wall thick,
reticulate; surface dull; one, main aperture at the base of
the last formed chamber with several, smaller apertures.
Diameter 0.27 mm.
This small species is evidently the ancestor of Globiger-
ina mexicana, found in the first eighty feet of the forma-
tion above. It differs from the latter mainly in its con-
stantly smaller size and rougher finish.
Globigerina inflata d’Orbigny iP, 24. rake, IG)
Globigerina inflata d’Orbigny, His. Nat. Isles Canaries., vol. 2,
pt. 2, Forams. p. 184, pl. 2, figs. 7-9, 1839.
Globigerina inflata H. B. Brady, Rept. Challenger, Zool., vol. 9,
p. 601, pl. 79, figs. 8-10, 1884.
Globigerina inflata Galloway and Wissler, Jour. of Pal., vol. 1,
INGOs les padtoe Das lee lem OZ Tre
One of the most common Globigerina in the Guayabal,
may be referred to this species. It is relatively abundant
at all horizons and has a long range.
Globigerina topilensis Cushman
Globigerina topilensis Cushman, Cont. Cushman Lab. Foram.
Reser VOl ew NOM epee) Dit hims oa onic. LO2ps
Cushman described this species from the Upper Eocene,
34 BULLETIN 51 84
Tantoyuca formation. It is relatively common in the Guay-
abal formation. Probably it occurs only rarely: in the Tan-
toyuca, as I have never seen any specimens in that forma-
tion in the samples from the type locality of the Tantoyuca.
Globigerina wilsoni Pl 4e fies. Osnos
Test slightly rotaliform, almost planospirally coiled,
last volution consisting of five gradually enlarging cham-
bers; umbilicate; wall ccarsely perforate; aperture a curved
slit opening into the umbilicus.
Diameter 0.24 mm.
This species is very similar to one figured by Mrs.
Plummer from the Midway of Texas as G. pseudo-bulloides.
It differs in having a less lobate periphery and in being more
planospirally coiled. Due to its small size, it is often over-
looked in the Guayabal. It is named in honor of Mr. John
H. Wilson, Geologist of the Huasteca Petroleum Company,
Tampico, Mexico.
Family GLOBOROTALIIDAE
Genus GLOBOROTALIA Cushman, 1927
Globorotalia crassata (Cushman) Teal aL, ines, (7/5 fh.
Pulvinulina crassata Cushman, Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol.,
vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 300-301, pl. 7, fig. 4, 1925.
This species described by Cushman, is another abundant
form at the type locality of the Guayabal. Associated with
it is the var. densa, also abundant. These forms range
through the entire Guayabal and probably into the forma-
tion below the Guayabal.
Globorctalia spinulosa Cushman 1G 5 tes; YY).
Globorotalia spinulosa Cushman, Cont. Cushman’s Lab. Foram.
Res., vol. 3, pt. 2, p. 114, pl: 28, figs. 4a-c, 1927.
This is a long ranged species in the Eocene of Mexico,
extending from the un-named formation below the Tempoal
into the Chapapote. It is constant in its characters through-
out its range.
35 CoLE: MEXICAN FORAMS 85
Family ANOMALINID/E
Subfamily ANOMALININZ
Genus ANOMALINA d’Orbigny, 1826
Anomalina umbonata Cushman
Anomalina umbonata Cushman, Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol.,
vol. 9, No. 2) p. 300; pl. 7, figs. 5, 6, 1925.
Anomalina umbonata Cushman, Jour. of Pal., vol. 1, No. 2, p. 170,
roleeer(., soreness IU0)- Ibs alee
Specimens of this striking Anomalina are met with fre-
quently in all samples. It is very true to type as described
from the Moctezuma river.
Subfamily CIBICIDINZE
Genus CIBICIDES Montfort, 1808
Cibicides conoideus Galloway and Wissler J2Al,, Pag sited ay, Ge Gy,
Cibicides conoideus Galloway and Wissler, Jour. of Pal., vol. 1,
ING desppe Gs. 64. pla LOs tos OZ
There are specimens in the Guayabal of a small Cibicides,
that agree almost exactly with the one described by Gallo-
way and Wissler. The only difference is, that the Guay.pbal
species characteristically has sixteen chambers. Until
actual specimens can be compared, it is better to refer the
Guayabal specimens to this species. The umbonate char-
acter of these specimens is particularly striking, as is the
case with Galloway’s species.
Cibicides sassei n. sp. DA 2b okey I), lal.
Test bi-convex, more strongly so on the ventral side; the
final volution composed of nine, gradually enlarging cham-
bers, the final one often inflated more than the others; peri-
phery subangulate, subcarinate; shell coarsely perforate; a
knob of clear shell material occupying the center on the
ventral side; sutures distinct, of clear shell material, on the
dorsal side, slightly raised as they approach the center and
joining to form a mass of shell material; aperture on the
periphery at the base of the last chamber and extending on
to the dorsal along the suture line, between the last two
whorls for a distance of one chamber.
Diameter 0.89 mm. Thickness 0.15 mm.
36 BULLETIN 51 . 36
This is a common fossil at many horizons. It is named
in honor of Mr. Jerome B. Sasse, Paleontologist of the Huas-
teca Petroleum Comapny, Tampico, Mexico.
Cibicides pseudowuellorstorfi n. sp. IPA IB okedss ils}. lt
Test plano-convex, very flat dorsally, slightly convex
ventrally; last formed coil composed of 10-12 chambers;
periphery very slightly lobate, bluntly angulate, slightly
carinate; sutures gently curved, limbate; wall coarsely pune-
tate; all the chambers showing dorsally, only those of the
last formed whorl ventrally; the umbilical region with a
large knob of clear shell material; aperture peripheral, ex-
tending on to the dorsal side.
Diameter 0.66 mm.
Dorsally, this heavy ribbed Cibicides resembles C. wuell-
erstorfi, but the knob of clear shell material and gently re-
curved sutures easily distinguish it from this species. It is
a relatively common form in the Guayabal and is confined
to that formation.
Family ORBITOIDIDZ
Genus DISCOCYCLINA Gumbel, 1868
Discocyclina clarki (Cushman) Pe Baines, S12).
Orthophragmina clarki Cushman, U.S. Geol. Survey, Prof. Paper,
INOpe25; ppl 4, 423s pleiiapiosee 4a oneal:
Except for size, this species agrees exactly with the de-
scription and figures given by Cushman. The largest speci-
mens from the Guayabal, measures slightly under 3 mm.
It is characteristic particularly of the lower samples
from the type locality where it is abundant. It occurs rarely
in the other samples and apparently is short-ranged.
PLATES 1-5
Note.—All the holotypes described and figured in this
paper have been deposited in the Eocene collection of Prof.
G. D. Harris at Cornell University.
All the specimens described came from the Guayabal type
locality.
38 BULLETIN 51 38
PLATE 1
FIGURE PAGE
1. Bulimina guayabalensis n. sp. x 75; holotype___.....................- 24
2. Bulimina guayabalensis n. sp. x 75; paratype_.....................--- 24
838. Lenticulina guayabalensis n. sp.; apertural view x 40;
PALALY DG. 22) ty soe es AIR Neate Ss Be WS A React ete ee ee 14
4, Lenticulina guayabalensis n. sp.; side view of a larger speci-
mens 4 Os holoty perce sw hea susan alee sue es sana eee Neca soe ee
5. Robulus pseudocultratus n. sp. x 35; holotype... 19
6. Polymorphina communis d’Orbigny x 45... alt
7. Glcborotalia crassata (Cushman); dorsal view x 35_.......... 34
S$. Globorotalia crassata (Cushman); ventral view x 35_.._....... 34
9. Lingulina mexicana n. sp. x 40; holotype..........--.-.. 19
10. Wulvulina cf. spinosa Cushman x 30..._........2.0.02.22.22.2....- eee 12
11. Clavulina guayabalensis n. sp. x 40; holotype_....................... 13
12. Robulus pseudovortex n. sp. x 40; holotype... 19
13. Cibicides pseudowuellerstorfi n. sp.; dorsal view x 40;
| ONG ICO) A's) 9) Speman eee eN CA SP NER NE OK SUIS Wh SoU Se PR) es 36
14. Cibicides pseudowuellerstorfi n. sp.; view of a slightly small-
ersp ecient ex 4 Oc areatiyip Cu aieee oe see een cee Se aang een eRe 36
15. Pulvinulinella culter (Parker and Jones) var. mexicana Nn.
Wales Wear yale se BOS INOlOW OS. a a 31
16. Pulvinulinelia culter (Parker and Jones) var. mexicana n.
WES CIOMSAL WATE 23 BOS JOR OC oes 31
17. Lenticulina theta n. sp. x 40; holotype..............-22-0.- ee. 14
lee Robulusy articulatus, (Reuss) xa (merase een ene 18
19. Proroporus mexicanus n. sp. x 40; holotype _........................ 26
20. Robulus mexicanus (Cushman) x 35.202 18
mills INiod osairciay ;S pi) Xo: Oise eae Rey tes BEN ee 17
AMER. PAL.
BULE.
1, VoL. 14
Pie
=, ~~ —
40 BULLETIN 51 40
PLATE 2
.FIGURE ' PAGE
1. Epistomina bradyi Galloway and Wissler; ventral view x 15 30
2. Epistomina bradyi Galloway and Wissler; dorsal view x 15. 30
3. Cibicides conoideus Galloway and Wissler; ventral view x 35. 35
4, Cibicides conoideus Galloway and Wissler; dorsal view of a
LAT EET SPECIMEN) Xe tO see ey 8 se a See 35
5. Cibicides conoideus Galloway and Wissler; side view x 35. 35
6. Eponides mexicana (Cushman); ventral view x 45__.............. 29
7. Eponides mexicana (Cushman); side view x 45...................... 29
8. Eponides mexicana (Cushman) ; dorsal view x 45_................. 29
9. Globorotalia spinulosa Cushman; ventral view x 35__....._........ 34
10) Rlectofrondicularia (spy X25 ee 24
11. Nonion turgidus (Williamson), var. mexicanus n. var. x 65;
holotypese.55: MGs Re OR YU Aa NA ea poe dd ee Sea eee 23
12. Amphistegina mexicana n. sp. x 35; holotype.-:.....................-- 31
13. Operculina cushmani n. sp. x 14; holotype_...............-.-.........- 23
14. Uvigerina blanca-costata n. sp. x 55; holotype__..........-........... 26
15. Vaginulina costifera n. sp. x 32; holotype.._...............---..-.--.-. 20
16. Uvigerina rippensis n. sp. x 27; holotype...................--------------- 27
17. Eponides guayabalensis n. sp.; ventral view x 25; paratype. 29
18. Eponides guayabalensis n. sp.; dorsal view x 25; holotype.... 29
19. Eponides guayabalensis n. sp.; side view x 25; paratype.......- 29
20. Operculina bartschi Cushman, var. plana Cushman x 14.._..... 23
21. Gyroidina soldanii d’Orbigny, var. octocamerata Cushman
AAU (Ee IOS EMMOEe UGK) Wale So CUS 29
22. Gyroidina soldanii d’Orbigny var. octocamerata Cushman
andniG. Danna venta livid e waka 4 pment meee Sonar 75)
23. Gyroidina soldanii d’Orbigny, var. octocamerata Cushman
and’ G.-D: Hanna dorsal wwiew x (25) 0 eee 29
24, Gyroidina guayabalensis n. sp.; side view x 40; paratype ______ 28
25. Gyroidina guayabalensis n. sp.; ventra! view x 40; holotype. 28
26. Gyrcidina guayabalensis n. sp.; dorsal view x 40; paratype. 28
27. Quinqueloculina hermosz- n. sp. x 47; holotype__...............___.. 13
28. Quinqueloculiz.a hermosa 1. sp. x 47; paratype................... 13
29. Gaud-yina gaudryincides (Fornasini) x 30... ea 13
3 Verneuilina palmer i. sp. x 45; holotype._................-.-...... 12
31. Discocyclina clarki (Cushman) x 14........20....--222.-2.---------- ek 36
AMER. PAL.
BULL.
I+
ON ONE.
1 Pip
42
BULLETIN 51 42
PLATE 3
Dentalina pulchrella n. sp. x 90; holotype__....-...--..-..---. 15
Nodosaria harrisi n. sp. x 80; holotype..___.......................-....--- 16
Nodosaria mexicana Cushman xX 30........20..02 2 16
Nodosaria mexicana Cushman; view of another specimen x 30. 16
Nodosaria consobrina d’Orbigny x 30... 15
Glandulina radicula (Linnaeus) ; constricted form x 60_....... 17
Glandulina radicula (Linnaeus) x 60_..........W22 222222... i7/
Nodosaria wegemanni n. sp. x 50; holotype_.......................... ile
Nodosaria cocoaensis Cushman, var. mexicana n. var. x 25;
olOtyqiey ees eee eo 2 a eer 15
Vaginulina legumen (Linnaeus), var. elegans d’Orbigny x 30 21
Vaginulina legumen (Linnaeus), var. elegans d’Orbigny;
WAG COME UNO ASIP SOS WINE IN a3 BO) ee testes stce ees ee Pail
Bulimina cf. inflata Seguenza x 75____._.............-..--------------------- 25
Vaginulina wrighti n. sp. x 95; holotype................--- 21
Dentalina cucarensis n. sp. x 85; holotype_..................-.---....- 14
Nodosaria cf. granti Plummer x 302.0 15
Nodosaria oolinata n. sp. x 90; holotype._.................--.---.. 16
INodosaria ‘sp. X30. s 2... eee ee eee IY
2
P|
NWO. 51, Pi:
BULL. AMER. PAL.
oa VOL, 1+
alte
44 BULLETIN 51 44
PLATE 4
FIGURE PAGE
1. Robulus alato-limbatus (Gumbel) x 20_...2.2.220 18
2a iUwiserina elongata NeiSpao Dom NolOtypes ee eee 26
3. Uvigerina elongata n. sp.; different specimen from fig. 2 x 55;
DABATCY DCiten ee ce a aetee SLL a ener Det erse US |! Och IU CANE nh eee 26
4. Nonion flerinensis n. sp. x 85; holotype..-...-.....--.-22..--2..- Be
5. Rotalia dorri n. sp., apertural view x 24; holotype ........__.... 29
6. Rotalia dorri n. sp.; dorsal view x 24; paratype____.........._...__- 29
7. Hantkenina longispina Cushman x 55... 24
8. Gloebigerina wilsoni n. sp.; dorsal view x 80; holotype_.._........ 34
9, Globigerina wilsoni n. sp.; ventral view x 80; paratype._........ 34
10. Cibicides sassei n. sp.; dorsal view x 70; holotype... 35
il. Cibicides sassei n. sp.; apertural view x 70; holotype............ 35
12. Globigerina bakeri n. sp. x 25; holotype._............1.. 33
13. Globigerina bakeri n. sp.; different specimen from fig. 12
eae 2 Sy VATA Gay Cos cis. SL se Rates age vese Nia PRON Been sO 33
14. Trochamminoides guayabalensis n. sp. x 75; holotype..___.._.. 11
HOLT sau ih ak exCo RNS] O}GAND-GEMco | Lumen Male mr eet Niagara Ny Cire ae 13
1G. (Elloloibrney snoop. Cl Oromermy se Gy 21
17. Ammodiscus incertus d’Orbigny x 27._.......... 10
18. Verneuilina aff. triquetra (Munster) x 75... i?
19. Glebigerina inflata d’Orbigny; ventral view x 85____.-_.________ 33
204 Guttulina problema d7Orbisny) x 60 ee 22
BULL. AMER. PAL.
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ee
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. dee es
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46 BULLETIN 51 46
PLATE 5
FIGURE PAGE
1. Siphonina tenuicarinata Cushman; ventral view x 60... 30
2. Siphonina tenuicarinata Cushman; dorsal view x 60... 30
3. Textularia mexicana n. sp. x 55; holotype............................- ital
4. Cassidulina lomitensis Galloway and Wissler, var. mexicana
THs Wey, \revonereeel AEN 3 CLBIS TaOMONEN A NO ee estes 32
5. Cassidulina lomitensis Galloway and Wissler, var. mexicana
Ms WeNes® Clomsel WilORy 2h DS TOE eae ance essences 32
6. Nonion cf. umbilicatulus (Montagu) var. x 60--_................ URS
7. Glebigerina orbiformis n. sp. x 65; holotype....................... 33
8. Angulogerina gallowayi n. sp. x 90; holotype........................ 28
9. Uviserina pigmea d’Orbigny x)80.) = 27
10. Marginulina subbullata Hantken x 85..........................---.......-- 14
Hes Uviserinal sladyse) ne sp. 3 UoO; hol oy eae eaten one eee 27
128 SNonion micrus) 1.) Spe 90) salto) Ort yp eee aetna 22
13. Bolivina gracilis Cushman and Applin x 140_._....................... 26
14. Virgulina mexicana n. sp. x 85; holotype.............................. 25
15. Pullenia quinqueloba (Reuss) x 1380_......................-2-...----------- 32
16. Ceratebulimina declivis (Reuss), var. mexicana n. var. xX 75;
FU Ort yp Ge SU a eee 31
Bee tie Ss
No.
AMER. PAL.
POUL
Pr. 5, VoL. 14
BULLETINS
OF
AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY
Vol. 14
No. 52
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TERTIARY PALEONTOLOGY
OF NORTHERN PERU:
Part |, Eocene Mollusca and Brachiopoda
By A. A. OLSSON
April 19, 1928
Harris Co.
Kihacan Ney
Wi SwAe
mya Wine
PREFACE
This paper dealing with certain new or otherwise interesting
Eocene mollusks is the first of a series of Contributions to the
Tertiary Paleontology of Northern Peru. These studies are prin-
cipally based upon fossil collections and field observations made
during several years of reconnaissance and detailed geologic and
stratigraphic investigations for the International Pertoleum Co.
Ltd., under the direct and able supervision of its Chief Geologist
Dr. O. P. Hopkins. It is also with pleasure that I acknowledge
the assistance received from the other members of the Geologic
staff at Negritos, namely to Mr. A. Iddings, formerly in charge
of the Geologic Office in Negritos and to Messrs O. D. Boggs,
G. Boughton, J. Stewart, J. L. Stauft, E. N. MacCormack, E. W.
Berry, V. Culbert, and E. Emendorfer.
The geology and stratigraphy of the area has recently been
described by Iddings and Olsson in an article published in the
Bulletins of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Vol. 12. No. 1. The student will find in this paper the columnar
section of the Tertiary rocks of Peru and the formational names
used in the description of the fossil fauna. This information
is released for publication through the permission of the Inter-
national Petroleum Co. Ltd.
Ithaca, N. Y.
January, 1928.
nie
ee
INTRODUCTION
The literature of the roth century, dealing with the paleon-
tology of the Tertiary rocks of northern Peru, is extremely
meager and gives little or no information as to the age and char-
acter of the Tertiary deposits of the region. The first fossils to be
described from this region were obtained by d’Orbigny' who
made collections of both recent and fossil mollusks at Paita. His
collections of Paita fossils consists mainly of Pleistocene shells
from the Tablazo beds exposed so well along the top of the high
sea-cliffs east and south of the town. The lot however included
an imprint of a Rostellaroid shell which he named Rostellaria
gaudichaudi. This species has the distinction of being the first
fossil to be described from the true Tertiary rocks of Peru, and
we now know that it came from certain sandstones of Upper
Kocene age.
Senor A. Raimondi during his extensive geographic explora-
tion in the Peruvian Republic had obtained large collections of
fossils but principally from the older rocks. These collections
were submitted to Wm. M. Gabb? for study and in 1869 there
appeared the first of the two papers dealing with their descrip-
tion. In this article additional Pleistocene fossils are described
from Paita along with two species from the same locality obtained
by Professor Orton. Orton’s shells which were named Ampullina
orton and Cerithium levisculum are common Upper Eocene
fossils and doubtless came from the Paita Saman sandstones
which previously had yielded d’Orbigny’s Rostellaria gaudi-
chaudi. Because of the association of living and extinct species,
Gabb placed the age of the Paita fossils as Pliocene but noting
the difference in enclosing matrix, he also suggested that the
fossils may have come from rocks of different ages.
11842— D’Orbigny, Alcide. Voyage dans 1’Amérique Méridionale,
Paléontologie at Géologie. Vol. 3, Pt. 3, 4.
21869
Gabb, W. M. Description of a new species of South American fos-
sils. Tertiary. American Journal of Conchology. Vol. 5, Pt. 1, p. 25.
1877.—Gabb, W. M. Description of a collection of fossils made by Dr.
Antonio Raimondi in Peru. Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. new series,
Vol. 8, pt. 3, p. 263.
6 BULLETIN 52 52
About the same time as Gabb’s article on the Paita collection,
E. T. Nelson,’ in a graduation thesis, published an account of
some fossils from Zorritos. Nelson made no special age deter-
mination, other than late Tertiary as suggested by the title of
his paper.
In 1889, there appeared Grzybowski’s* account of a geologic
reconnaissance from Paita to Tumbez. In this paper, there is
given for the first time, a description of the Tertiary rocks of
northern Peru, and an attempt at their stratigraphic subdivision.
Grzybowski’s paper is principally valuable for his work in the
Zorritos region, definitely establishing the Miocene age of the
Zorritos rocks. Owing probably to insufficient paleontologic
information, he failed or erred in his intrepretation of the geology
and age of relationship of the rocks at Paita and Talara.
Outside of Adams” brief reconnaissance through La Brea and
the Chira valley, it remained until 1920 and 21, before anything
further of note was published on the Tertiary mollusks of the
region. H. Douvillé® in a series of papers dealing with certain
fossils collected at Negritos and submitted by Senor C. I. Lisson
of Lima, was able to prove the occurrence of Eocene rocks in
the Peruvian littoral. Several of the commonest and most
characteristic of the Peruvian Eocene gastropods were described
in these papers, including the Aulacodiscus lssom, and Pseudo-
glauconia lissoni, these two species representing new generic
types.
The appearance of Bosworth’s’ Geology of North West Peru
and its included Paleontological studies by Woods, Vaughan and
Cushman marked a great advance in our knowledge of the
Tertiary rocks of the region. It was preceded by several years
31870—Nelson, E. T. On the molluscan fauna of the late Tertiary of
Peru. Trans. Conn. Acad. Sei., Vol. 2, p. 186.
41899 —Grzybowski, J. Die Tertiarablagerungen des nordlischen Peru und
ihre molluskenfauna. Neus Jahrbuch, Beilageband, Vol. 12.
51909.—Adams, G. I. An outline review of the Geology of Peru. Smith-
sonian Report for 1908.
6Douvillé, H. Compte Rendu Acad. Sei. vol. 171, p. 1345.
1920—-Douyillé, H. Compte Rendu somm. Soe. géol. France, No. 14, p. 193.
1921.—Douwvillé, H. Journ. Conchyl. vol. 66, p. 1.
71922.—Bosworth, T. O. Geology of the Tertiary and Quarternary period
of North-west Peru, with an account of the Paleontology by H. Woods.
T. W. Vaughan, J. A. Cushman and others.
53 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 7
of field studies by Bosworth and his assistants and proved the
existence of a very thick and generally fossiliferous Tertiary
section.
Spiekes’s* monograph of the Zorritos Miocene fauna appeared
about the same time as Bosworth’s work on the older Tertiaries.
It gives a rather full account of the Paleontology and Strati-
graphy of the Zorritos formation.
STRATIGRAPHY
The Tertiary rocks of Northwestern Peru have an aggregate
thickness of fully 25,000 feet and of this total, the lower 15,000
feet belong to the Eocene. For a description of the general
Tertiary section, or the Oligocene and Miocene strata, the reader
is referred to Bosworth, Spieker or to a more recent paper by
Iddings and Olsson’. In this latter article, mainly on basis of
detailed field studies since 1921, the Tertiary rocks are grouped
into 13 formations and their areal distribution is briefly outlined.
In the present article, only the Eocene or the lower part of the
Peruvian Tertiary column will be discussed.
In Bosworth’s classification, the lower Tertiaries are divided
into the Negritos and Lobitos formations. He further subdivided
his Negritos formation into two series named from their most
distinctive fossil genera, the Turritella and Clavilithes series.
These formations are very comprehensive and include beds
ranging from the Lower Eocene to the Upper Oligocene and
moreover contain several unconformities of regional character.
For this reason they have been further subdivided through more
detailed work. Bosworth’s Negritos formation has been
81922.—Spieker, E. M. The Paleontology of the Zorritos Formation of the
North Peruvian Oil Fields, The Johns Hop- University Studies in
Geology, No. 3.
91928.—Iddings and Olsson, The Geology of North West Peru, Bulls. Amer.
Assoc. of Petroleum Geologists, Vol. 12, No, 1.
8 BULLETIN 52 54
restricted to include only the rocks actually exposed at Negritos,
namely the Lower Eocene or his Turritella series. For the
Clavilithes series, the formational names the Salina, Pale Greda
and Parinas have been adopted.
The Lobitos formation as this term was used by Bosworth is
primarily a lithological division and intended to include the rocks
lying above the Parinas sandstone and below the highly fossili-
ferous Zorritos Miocene. It included in its lower part, beds
belonging to the Upper Middle Eocene, whose faunal relations
are closely allied to the Parinas and lower formations. This
set of rocks, largely shale in the Negritos area but changing to
sandstones and even to conglomerates further north, has been
named the Restin formation, its type exposures being selected
from Restin near Cabo Blanco. .
The close of the Mid-Eocene was marked by important crustal
movements, resulting in elevation and erosion of the earlier
formed Eocene rocks. This was followed by renewed deposi-
tion in a more extensive scale than previously and the new trans-
gression carried marine waters far beyond its former limits.
An erosional unconformity of the first magnitude therefore
marks the base of the Upper Eocene and these rocks are found
on any of the older beds including the Cretaceous, or the slates
and granites of the mountains.
The Upper Eocene rocks also included in the Lower Lobitos
by Bosworth, have been named the Saman formation from their
typical and highly fossilferous exposures at Casa Saman in the
Chira valley and about 10 miles Northwest of Sullmana. The
Upper Eocene seas brought the introduction of a new fauna,
including the first appearance of the Nummulitic and Orbitoidal
foraminifera in the Peruvian section, and this fauna continued
in a modified form through most of the Oligocene. On the other
hand, the relations of the Saman fauna with the older Eocene
is comparatively less pronounced.
The divisions of the Peruvian Eocene as used in this article,
Be OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 9
are as follow:
American Time
. . e " ; ne , . . .
Sub-divisions Formations Bosworth’s divisions
Lobitos formation
Restin
Parinas
Parinas Group
Clavilithes
Negritos
Middle ae
formation Series
Pale Greda
Salina
Turritella series
THe Lower EocENE
THE NEGRITOS FORMATION
The Negritos formation has an exposed thickness of about
1,500 feet, but an additional 4,000 feet has been penetrated in
well borings. The Upper 900 feet are dominantly sandy, with
interbedded impure sandstones, pebble beds, shales and impure
glauconites, while the underlying rocks are mainly shales.
The sandy member at the top of the formation, is generally
highly fossiliferous, and it is from these rocks that the rich
Negritos fauna has been principally obtained. This fauna i
very distinctive. It is specially characterized by a group o
large Mesalia-like Turritella, centering around the 7. negritos-
ensis Woods and suggested to Bosworth the name Turritella
series which he adopted for this group of rocks. There are
several species which do not occur in the overlying beds namely
the Aulacodiscus lissoni H. Douvillé; Peruluta peruviana H.
Douvillé typical form; P. crassiscula H. Douvillé; Pseudolvia
mutabilis Woods typical form; Melanatria dimorphica Woods.
prop nqua Woods ; Bezanconia pupoidea Woods; Cerithium chat-
wi Woods; Ostrea buski Woods; negritensis Leda ingens
\Woods and |’enericardia planicosta var. negritensis n. var.
S
f
10 BULLETIN 52 56
Tue MippL_e EocENE
THE SALINA FORMATION
The Salina formation which forms the lower part of Bos-
worth’s Clavilithes series has a thickness of about 800 feet. The
rocks are dominantly sandy and resemble closely the upper
member of the Negritos formation and are best distinguished
paleontologically. Fanually the change from ‘the Negritos forma-
tion is abrupt and there are no transitional beds between the two
formations. The base of the Salina rocks is usually a conglom-
erate or a series of conglomeritic lenses varying considerably in
thickness along the strike. It is believed that this zone marks
an unconformity or disconiormity and the time interval repre-
sented of sufficient duration to have allowed of considerable
change in the fauna of the two groups of rocks. This Middle
Eocene fauna continued in but a modified form through the
rocks which Bosworth called the Clavilithes series. Aside from
the Fusoid genus Clavilithes which seems to be absent from the
older beds we find a new series of Turritella grouped about
T. bosworthi, the peculiar Melanoid 7. anceps and annectans
Woods, Pseudoliva mutabilis var. woodsi n. var. P. parinasensis
Wood Melanatria acanthica and venusta Woods, and Vener
cardia planicosta var: parimensis n. var.
Comparatively few species seem to be strictly limited to the
Salina formation. Turritella anceps and bosworth of Woods,
Diplodonta ? dissona n. sp., Pseudoliva mutabilis var, woodsi n.
var. and a few others are most common in this formation. The
Aturia cf. ziczac Sby., is found only on the conglomerate zone
at the base of the formation.
THE PALE GREDA FORMATION
The Pale Gredas are mainly a lithilogical division and con-
sis of 2,000 to 2,500 feet of yellow, brown or gray shales, lying
above the Salina formation and below the Parinas sandstones.
Locally thin seams of sandstones and pebble beds may be pres-
ent and these horizons are mainly interesting since they are usu-
ally fossiliferous and have furnished the bulk of the known Pale
Greda fauna.
57 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS oh
The fauna of the Pale Gredas is rather meager and on a
whoie does not differ greatly from that of the Salina—Parinas
format.ons. ln addition to a few undescribed species oi rare
occurrence, the following are known only from this formation:
Cerithium boweni n. sp. iddingsi n. sp. and Eutrephoceras negrit-
ensie Nn. Sp.
THE PARINAS FORMATION
Punta Parinas and the adjacent Punta Balcones, are together
the most westerly points of the South American continent. They
are formed of rather coarse, gritty, white or yellowish sand-
s.ones and pebble conglomerates, collectively known in the
Negritos region as the Parinas sandstones or the Parinas for-
mation. They were deposited in very shallow or near-shore
waters and often contain large trunks of silicified wood, usually
closely riddled with the borings of Teredo. Fossil zones are
generally confined to the lower and upper part of the formation.
The fauna of the Parinas sandstones is largely that of the
general Clavilithes series. It also contains a few special species
of its own and a still larger proportion of new forms which con-
tinue into the overlying Restin. Species most characteristic of
the Parinas sandstones are Carolia (Parinomya) parinensis n.
sp:, Grateloupia peruviana n. sp., Pitaria parinensis n. sp.,
Turritella kReswickensis n. sp., Telescopium parinense n. sp.,
New forms beginning in the Parinas sandstones and continuing
into the Restin, or even higher rocks include most of the common
species such as Turritella annectans Woods (also in Upper Pale
Gredas), Morgana magma Woods, Clavilithes pacificus Woods,
Amotapus arbolensis Woods, Cardiwm restinense n. sp., Clem-
entia parinensis n. sp. and Corbula parenasensis Woods.
THE RESTIN FORMATION
In the Negritos region, the Parinas sandstones are generally
overlain by gray or olive colored shales varying considerably in
thickness according to locality. The shales may contain small
foraminifera but other fossils are rare or limited to local zones
near the base of the formation. North of Negritos, the Restin
shales have become interbedded with sandstones and are thicker
12 BULLETIN 52 58
and more generally fossiliferous. Still further north they are
the basal Tertiary rocks and along the west side of the moun-
tains represent mainly coastal sandstones and conglomerates.
The Restin fauna is closely related to that of the Parinas but
is still more highly diversified, due to the appearance of new
forms which become more common and characteristic of the
Upper Eocene and later faunas. The following species are”
known only form the Restin formation. Carola peruviana n.
sp., dnomia septanaria n. sp., Corbula (Cuspicorbula) busera n.
sp.,Clementia restinensis n. sp., Cerithium xenium, n. sp., Archi-
tectonia jabonillensis n. sp., Hercoglossa peruviana Berry and
“Echinocyamus’ intermedius Hawkins.
THE UPPER EOCENE
Upper Eocene rocks are widely distributed in the Tertiary
area of North West Peru and include the bulk of the beds
belonging to the lower half of Bosworth’s Lobitos formation.
They vary considerably in lithology from coarse sandstones,
conglomerates, coquina-like beach limestones to massive black
shales. Collectively they are grouped together in the Saman
formation, named from their most typical and highly fossilifer-
ous exposures found in the Chira valley at Hacienda Cusa
Saman near Sullana. *
As previously noted, the Saman rocks are everywhere strongly
unconformable on the older beds. In the Negritos region, they
rest upon the Restin formation or the Upper Middle Eocene.
To the south they overlap upon the Cretaceous or older moun-
tain rocks and represent the basal portion of the Tertiaries in
that region. This unconformity at the base of the Upper Eocene
is the most important stratigraphic break in the whole Teritary
section of northern Peru.
The transgression of the Upper Eocene sea was of wide
extent and Saman rocks were therefore deposited over a con-
siderably larger area than the earlier Eocene formations. It
brought a new fauna from which many of the most character-
istic of the older Eocene species had dissappeared such as Pseu-
doglaucoma lssoni Douvillé and other large Cerithoid shells.
The species which had persistent from the earlier beds
in some cases disappeared after a short range in the lower
Saman, instance Peruluta peruviana var. samanica n. var., or
59 OLSSON: PERUVIAN Fossius 13
continued their development and evolution, sometimes becoming
very large before finally disappearing at the close of the Saman.
To this class belong such species as Venericardia planicosta var
samanica and Amotapus (Perna of Woods) arbolensis Woods.
With the exception of the above but very conspicuous elements,
the Saman fauna is largely a new development which persisted
through the Oligocene but disappeared before Miocene times.
The Saman and related Oligocene faunas are therefore to a cer-
tain extent a unit fauna which flourished between Middle Eocene
and Miocene times.
The Nummulitic and Orbitoidal foraminifera are entirely lack-
ing from the Lower and Middle Eocene rocks in Peru but
immediately assume an important role in the Saman and Lower
Oligocene formations. Orthophragmina peruviana Cushman and
more rarely a stellate species occur only at the base of the Saman
rocks associated with a special fauna of mollusks, echinoids
and the brachiopod Liothyrina peruviana n. sp. This zone
marks a very constant horizon which has been traced from
Negritos north to Caleto Mero or a distance of more than 60
miles. It is sometimes represented by sandstones and conglom-
erates which have been called the Saman conglomerate but in
many cases the base of the Saman rocks are shales overlying
the Restin shales.
The Saman molluscan fauna is very rich and varied. At the
base of the Saman or horizon of the Saman conglomeratte there
are several species limited to this horizon. They include such
shells as the Polinices woodsi n. sp. Epitonium pervianum n. sp.,
Clavilithes pogansis n. sp., woodringi n. sp., and lagunitensis
n. Sp., Lyra sabulosa n. sp., Cassidea maccormaki n. sp., Ovula
negritensis n. sp., Cypraea boffsi n. sp., and Liothyrina peruvi-
anum n. sp. In the higher beds and more particularly in the
Saman sandstones of the Chira valley, near the top of the Upper
Eocene the following species are quite common: lenericardia
planicosta var. samanica n. var., Amotapus arbolensis n. sp.,
Arca sullanensis Woods, Ostrea samanensis n. sp., Spisula
callistoides n. sp., Cardiwm samanicum n. sp., Lucina pay-
tensis Woods, Pseudoliva parinasensis var. samanica n. var.
Dientomochilus gaudichaudi d’Orbigny, Cerithium laevisculum
14 BULLETIN 52 60
Gabb, Telescopium peruvianum Woods and samanensie n. sp.,
Turritella boughtoni n. sp., and Dorsainum lagunitensis Woods.
Among the common fossils of the Saman rocks but ranging
widely in the Oligocene we may mention the Peruluta mancor-
ensis n .sp., Xancus peruvianas n. sp., Architectomica sullana
n. sp., Purritella chira n. sp., samanensis n. sp., Clementia peru-
viana n. sp., and Aturia alabamensis var. peruviana n. vat.
CORRELATION
The occurrence of species of Orthophragmina in the basal
portion of the Saman formation definitely correlates these rocks
with the Upper Eocene and equivalent to the St. Bartholomew
limestones of the Lesser Antilles and the Ocala limestones of
Florida. Contributing evidence in support of the correlation is
furnished by the Saman mollusks and other fossils. In this
connection the range of the group of Venericardia planicosta
through the Peruvian Eocene is of considerable interest. It is
a common fossil first appearing as variety negritensis, a strongly
ribbed form in the lowest fossiliferous members of the Negritos
formation. In the overlying Clavilithes series, the shells are
more convex with the sculpture becoming smooth on the ventral
portion of the shell. These shells belong to the variety parin-
ensis and find their closest parallel in the smooth varieties of
V. planicosta in the Middle Eocene or Claibornian rocks of the
southern United States. The group reached its fullest develop-
ment in the Saman rocks as variety samanica. It is a large
thick shell with wide, heavy hinge and a smooth sculpture except
on the umbos and early part of the shell disk. It represented
the last of the planicosta group and became extinct at the top of
the Saman formation, thus marking the upper limit of the Eocene
series.
Several common Saman mollusks belong to genera or _ sec-
tions most characteristic of the later Tertiary faunas. To this
class belongs the Arca sullanensis Woods, a large Argina-like
species ; large Trigomiocardia exemplified by Fragum samanicum
and one or more undescribed species, a group previously known
only from the Oligocene or younger rocks and specially common
61 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 15
in the Miocene and recent faunas; the Clementia peruviana n.
sp., the forerunner of the Miocene Clementia dariena Conrad
to which it is very closely related; Xancus peruviana n. sp., a
genus hitherfore not known earlier than the Vickburg Oligocene
and common in the Caribbean Miocene; and the Polinices woodsi
n. sp., a species belonging to the typical section and very close
to the Polinices subangulata Nelson of the Zorritos Miocene and
the recent West Coast Polinices alveatus Troschel.
Two species of the Cephalopd genus Aturia occur in the Peru-
vian Eocene. The earlier species, found only at the base of
the Salina formation, appears to be most closely related to the
Aturia zie-zac Sowerby from the Londinien or Upper Eocene
of England. A second species of Aturia is found in the Saman
Eocene and continues through into the Upper Oligocene. This
species is often quite common and scarcely distinguishable from
the Aturia alabamensis Morton from the Claiborne and Jack-
son beds of the southern United States.
Attention has already been called to the occurrence of the
brachiopod Liothyrina peruviana in the Saman conglomerate.
Related species occur at the same horizon associated with species
of Orthophragmina in Colombia, in the San Fernando beds of
Trinidad and the St. Bartholmew limestones.
16 BULLETIN 52 62
DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES
Family PINNIDZ Meek
Genus ATRINA Gray
Atrina talarensis, n. sp. Plate 4, fig. 3
Shell small to medium size, thin, moderately convex; the
greatest convexity is situated in the anterior region, where a
cross-section would show nearly a perfect circle; hinge-line
straight while the lower or ventral margin appears to be slightly
incurved ; shell substance very thin, ornamented with longitudinal
ribs or elevated lines which show on the inner surface as grooves
and become impressed on the internal casts; the longitudinal ribs
are low but nearly equal and regular, and number about 13 or 14
on the type specimen, and about midway between the anterior
and posterior extremities, they are spaced about I 1/2 mm. apart;
the longitudinal ribs were probably somewhat spiny or nodose,
especially near the posterior submargins ; a band along the ventral
submargins averaging about 5 mm. in width is smooth.
Length 53mm; height 40mm ; diameter 24mm; fragmentary spec-
imen
Remarks— Although this species is fairly abundant at its
type locality, specimens are always fragmentary, represented
mainly ‘by internal casts. It appears to be a small or medium-
sized species reaching a maximum length of from 70 to 80 mm.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence.— Saman formation, Talara.
Superfamily OSTRACEA Goldfuss
Family OSTREIDZ Lamarck
Genus OSTREA Linné
Ostrea negritensis, n. sp. Plate 2, figs. 4, 5, 6
Shell small or medium-sized, rarely exceeding 60 mm. in
length; the lower left valve convex and rather heavy, typically
ostroid or in some cases strongly exogyroid in form, this latter
condition being due to an exaggerated or greater coiling of the
beaks ; surface of the left valve generally smoothish, but with
evident but nearly obsolete radial folds or ribs; the interior of
the left valve shows a curved or slightly coiled, ligamental area,
directed posteriorly and passing into or under the beaks, most
pronounced in the exogyroid shells; anterior and posterior in-
63 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FossILs alg
ternal margins: of the shell strongly and regularly punctate or
crenulated.
Length or width 35mm; height 59mm ; diameter (left valve) 30mm
32mm ; height 52mm; 28mm
This is an interesting species found only in the Lower
Turritella beds of Negritos. All the specimens in our collection
represent the left valves, so that the characters of the upper or
right valve are not known. From the O. buski Woods, with
which the species is associated, it is recognised by its curved or
posteriorly directed ligamental area, and by its nearly smooth
shell.
Ostrea negritensis shows much variation in the extent of coil-
ing of its beaks, and in some cases this condition is carried to
such an extreme that were the shells found in Cretaceous sedi-
ments, they would be classed as a species of EHxwogyra without
hesitation. However this character is very variable and all grad-
ations to typical Ostroid shells may be found. It is significant
however that O. negritensis is found only in the lowest exposed
fossiliferous rocks of the Peruvian Tertiary and belong to the
Lower Eocene. The European literature contains records of
Exogyra as high as the Miocene.
Formation.— ~Negritos formation, Negritos.
Ostrea samanensis, n. sp. Platemlerfieseel 2a. 4p
Shell medium to large; young shells are usually subcircular in
form, but become oblong or elongate with age; valves unequal,
the lower or left valve usually convex and sculptured with strong,
subregular, sulcated, radial ribs; the upper or right valve of less
convexity or sometimes flat, smooth or sculptured only by the
concentric growth lines ; the beak of the lower valve when perfect
is usually strongly curved or Exogyroid, with a small or large
area of attachment; in old shells, the radial ribs of the left valve
usually become obsolete and the lower half of the shell tends to
be smooth, except for the lamellations caused by the growth lines ;
texture of the shell of medium thickness except in very large
shells ; the hinge of the left valve shows a curved ligamental area,
while in the right valve, the ligamental area is more nearly
18 BULLETIN 52 64
straight.
Height 52mm; width 44mm; diameter 25 mm; (Holotype)
57mm; width 42mm; diameter 19mm lower valve;
8mm broken; width 57mm; diameter 30mm lower;
88mm; width 36mm; diameter 23mm upper
This species bears some resemblance to the Ostrea selleformis
variety lisbonensis Harris from the Lower Claiborne or St.
Maurice beds of the Louisiana, but differs typically by its more
strongly coiled beaks and by its greater convexity of form. The
lower or attached valve is strongly ribbed or costate, and the
upper valve is flat and simply sculptured with concentric growth-
lines. It is a common species throughout the Peruvian Upper
Eocene.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence-— Saman formation, type
specimens from Casa Saman, but common throughout the Saman
Eocene.
Superfamily ANOMIACEA Hermannsen
Family ANOMIIDZE Gray
Genus ANOMIA Muller
Anomia septenaria, n. sp Plate 2, figs. 2, 3
Shell of medium size, averaging about 35 mm. in height and
length but sometimes growing to a larger size; the upper or left
valve is convex, subcircular in form and moderately heavy in
texture ; surface typically sculptured with 7 rather heavy, angular
ribs which are regularly spaced and give the shell a Pecten-like
appearance; these ribs are continued through the shell and show
on the internal casts of the fossils; the ventral margins of the
shell is strongly scalloped by the ribs, and the two valves fitting
closely together; the interspaces between the ribs is wide and
generally smooth, or faintly striated by the concentric growth
lines; the right valve as preserved in our specimens is flat or
slightly concave and somewhat irregular in form and generally
smooth; the byssal foramen of medium size and open; internal
characters concealed.
Height 40mm ; length 44mm ;
36mm ; length 37mm; diameter 19mm
Remarks.— This is a peculiar shell, quite unlike any species
of Anomia which I have found described. It is quite common in
the Upper Restin sandstones but good specimens are rare and
usually only casts with patches of the original sheil may be col-
lected.
65 OLsson: PERUVIAN FossiLs 19
In two of our specimens, the right valve is preserved, the one
showing a medium-sized byssal foramen, and proving the shell to
belong to the Anomiide@, otherwise it might easily have passed
for a small oyster. The internal characters are completely con-
cealed and the shells are therefore referred only provisionally
to the genus Anomua.
Localities and Geologic Occurrence— Restin formation,
Que. Salado, Jabonillal, Lobitos.
Genus CAROLIA Cantraine
Subgenus CAROLIA s. s.
Carolia (Carolia) peruviana, n. sp. Plate 2, fig. 1
Shell moderately thin, subcircular in form, or with the height
somewhat exceeding the length ; left valve slightly to moderately
convex, with broad inconspicuous umbo and beak; righ: valve
flat or slightly concave; external surface of valves covered with
a fine, sculpture of vermiculate, close-set radial strize or threads,
internal characters concealed.
Height 68mm ; length 66mm ; diameter of left valve 15mm
50mm ; length 45mm ; diameter 6mm ;
In the true Carolia, of which the C. placunoides Cantriane from
the Egyptian Eocene is the type species, the external surface is
sculptured much as in peruviana with fine, vermiculate radial
threads. In this feature, peruv ana also resembles C. jamaicensis
Dall? from the Cambridge beds of Jamaica and considered by
Dall as a true Carolia. The internal characters by which Carolia
is best distinguished, are entirely concealed in the specimens at
present available for study.
This species largely replaces the C. parinensis in the Restin
formation and from which it will be recognised by its submicro-
scopic sculpture referred to above.
Subgenus PARINOMYA n. subg.
Type.—Carolia parinensis, n. sp.
The following is a description of the subgenus Parinomya:
Shell in form and general features like Carolia s. s., but the
exterior marked with a submicroscopic rasp-like or pectinate
1 Trans. Wagner Free Inst., vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 776, pl. 33, fig. 21.
20 BULLETIN 52 66
sculpture, the finer growth lines being drawn out at intervals into
teeth-like extensions, radially arranged ; resilium internal ; interior
of right valve with a large chondrophore which as in Carolias. s.,
is seated on the anal or posterior side of the umbo and extends
adorally above the byssal foramen, but remaining free or separate
from the dorsal margin by an open slit or cleft; byssal foramen
large, open, or closed only by a byssal plug.
Remarks.-— Fischer? has fully described and figured the
internal characters of the C. placunoides Cantraine, the type
species of Carolia s.s., from the Egyptian Eocene. In the young
stages,the byssal foramen of the right valve is fully open and
Anomia-like. With growth, the foramen gradually atrophies and
in mature shells, it is completely closed by shelly matter and often
hardly discernable as a scar. The chondrophore carrying the
resilium, rises from the posterior side of the umbo, extends
across the upper edge of the shell, its outer or upper edge
becoming fused to the cardinal margin of the shell. The various
changes passed through by Carolia, in its development, are divid-
ed by Fischer roughly into 4 stages, comparable to the adult con-
dition of allied Anomoid genera.
In Parinomya, the developmental changes are less complete,
the foramen although becoming reduced in size, is persistant and
well-marked even in the senile or gerontic individuals. It is
generally filled with a close-fitting corneous plug. In addition,
the chondrophore does not seem to fuse with the anterior-dorsal
margin, but remaining separated by a well-developed slit. The
external characters will also help in discriminating this from true
Carola.
Carolia (Parinomya) parinensis, n. sp. Plate 3, fig. 1-4
Shell of moderate size, subcircular and somewhat irregular in
growth; shell substance nacreous, fairly heavy and composed of
fine, silvery Anomia-like lamelle; right valve flat or slightly
concave, the left valve deeper and evenly convex; in the right
valve, the resilium is seated on a large, heavy chondrophore rising
from the posterior side of the umbo, and extending adorally
2 Journ. de Conchyl., 28, p. 845, pl. 12; Man. de Conehyl. p. 933, fig.
700; see also Dall, Trans. Wagner Free Inst, vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 775.
67 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 21
above the byssal foramen, but remaining free or separated from
the cardinal margin by a deep slit or cleft; byssal foramen of the
right valve, circular and generally rather large, remaining open
or simply closed by a byssal plug, and situated at a varying dis-
tance from the dorsal margin; muscle scar in the right valve,
nearly circular, and in old shells generally sunken or surrounded
by a thickened margin; the exterior of the shell is usually
weathered and the surface is smooth, or strongly lamellos near
the ventral margins; in well-preserved specimens, the finer
sculpture is rasp-like or pectinate, the finer growth-lines being
drawn out at fairly regular intervals into teeth-like extensions ;
as these teeth-like extensions follow in a fairly regular order,
they produce a fine radial sculpture.
Length 78mm ; height 62mm ; diameter 11m, (right valve,Holotype)
Length 64mm ; height 62mm ; diameter 16mm ;
64mm ; height 62mm; diameter 19.5mm
C. parimensis 18 a common and characteristic fossil of the
Parinas sandstone but also occurring less commonly in the over-
lying Restin. From C. peruviana, it will be recognised by its
submicroscopic external markings.
Local.ties and Geologic Occurrence-— Parinas formation
of Parinas and Balcones Points, Keswick Hills, etc. Cabo
Blanco sandstones of Cabo Blanco and Cabo Verde.
Restin formation, Jabonillal.
Superfamily MYTILACEA Ferussac
Family MYTILID Fleming
Genus MYTILUS Linné
Mytilus euglyphus Woods, var. negritensis, n. var. Plate 4, fig.4
Mytilus euglyphus? Woods 1922, Bosworth Geology of North-West Peru,
p. 63, pl. 1, fig. 8.
Differs mainly from the euglyphus Woods, by its coarser
sculpture and in form, tle longer axis or the height of the shell
being nearly at right angles to its length; the shell is strongly
ridged and this line or crest divides the sculpture into two un-
equal areas; the posterior area is uniformly coarse, sub-regular
22 BULLETIN 52 68
and unbeaded, but along the margins the ribs become divided
into smaller rays through bifurcations or new, small and shorter
ribs are introduced; the antero-ventral margin is concave, sculp-
tured with finer beaded ribs; as usual there is a tendency to the
formation of a narrow patch without sculpture and lying a short
distance below and behind the beaks, but with the resumption of
sculpture again just below the beaks; internal characters
concealed.
Height 35mm ; length 29mm; diameter 8mm right valve
This shell differs from M. euwglyphus Woods, described from
Clavilithes beds (Salina-Parinas) in its coarser sculpture and
in form. The Mytilus euglyphus? Woods figured from the
Turritella beds may be the same. Negritensis should probably
have the rank of a full species.
M. euglyphus is compared by Woods to M.Rigauli1 Deshayes*
of the Parisian Eocene and referred by Cossmann to the Section
Arcomytilus. He also compares euglyphus with Modiola Foncki
Philippi+ from the Tertiaries of Lebu Chile. M. Foncki
Philippi from Chile is strongly accurate but less so than
negritensis. M. euglyphus var negritensis occurs in the Negritos
formation, while typical euglyphus ranges through the Salina
formation into the Parinas and Restin formations.
Family AMOTAPIDZ n. fam.
Genus AMOTAPUS nh. gen.
Type.—Perna arbolensis Woods Plate 4, figs 1, 2, 5
The following is a description of the genus motapus.
Shell very thin, with deep, regular, /noceramus-like concentric
undulations, continued through to the interior of the shell; gen-
erat form of the shell Pernoid, with the heigl: much exceeding
the width; hinge straight, plain, smooth, or simnly longitudinally
grooved; left valve with a large Mya-like chondrophore carrying
the internal resilium, and fitting into or under a corresponding
3 Deshayes. 1862, Descript. Anim. sans Vert., 2, p. 29, vol. 1, pl. 74,
figs 23, 24.
Cossmann and Pissarro, 1904-1906, Icon. des coquilles fossiles de 1’Eo-
cene des environs de Paris, Tome 1, pl. 37, figs. 112-6.
4 Philippi 1887, Die Tert. und Quart. Verstein Chiles, p. 204, pl. 43, fig.
69 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 23
»
socket or depression in the right valve lying immediately below
the beak.
Remarks. The type species of this new genus was de-
scribed by Woods, as Perna arbolensis from a specimen collected
by Bosworth from the Parinas sandstones. It first appears in the
Parinas formation where the species is always small and the larg-
est specimens which have come to my attention measure about
45 mm. in height. It continues into the upper Eocene, reaching
progressively a larger size in the higher rocks, finally disappearing
_ along with the Venericardia planicosta var samanica at the top
of the Saman formation. In the Saman congiomerate, the shells
are still small like those from the Parinas formation. In the
Saman shales or the Lower Upper Eocene, the largest specimens
come from Caleta Sal, the average size being about 55 mm. in
height, but in the Saman sandstones of the Chira valley, at the
top of the Upper Eocene, the shells are very large, often exceed-
ing 100 mm. in height.
The general shape of the shell is very similar to Pedalion
(Perna or Melina), and upon the external form alone, this would
be the relations at once suggested. The shell substance is thin and
sculptured with regular concentric waves or undulations, and this
sculpture as in /noceramus, is continued through to the interior
of the shell, becoming impressed with nearly equal intensity upon
the internal casts. The shells of the typical Pernas are usually
smooth, sometimes very heavy, are ribbed in the section or sub-
genus Mulletia Fischer , but forms concentrically sculptured are
rare or unknown. It is however in the hinge characters that the
form departs widely from the Pernide and apparently from other
Monomyarian families.
In most cases the fossils are found as internal sandstone casts
with only patches of the very thin shell still remaining. In these
casts, the hinge is usually buried under the closely adjacent beaks
or if exposed badly worn or weathered. By breaking away the
right beak of small well-preserved specimens from the Parinas
sandstones, the hinge is sometimes exposed for study. These
specimens show a smooth, hinge-line devoid of the serial liga-
mental pits of the Pernide, and the left valve provided with a
fairly large, flat or Mya-like chondrophore fitting into a corre-
sponding depression under the beak of the right valve. In the
24 BULLETIN 52 70
larger specimens from Caleta Sal, the hinge is sometimes partly
preserved, with remains of the large, but much weathered chon-
drophore. These specimens from Caleta Sal are of value in show-
ing that the possession of a chondrophore is a constant and per-
sistant character.
Order ANOMALODESMACEA Dall
Superfamily ANATINACBEA Dall
Family THRACIIDZ Dall
Genus THRACIA Leach
Thracia staufti, n. sp. Plate 9, fig. 1
Shells offtmedium size, thin elliptical to subcircular in outlines ;
in the typical form, the shell is ellipitical with the posterior side
wide and about twice as long as the anterior; anterior end con-
tracted, depressed and relatively short, and with the extremity
subtruncate ; beaks small pointed and directed slightly anteriorly ;
convexity of the valves is slight, that of the right being generally
greater, while the left may be flat or depressed; ventral margin
well-rounded ; the posterior-dorsal margin straight, and more or
less parallel to the anterior side of the ventral margin; substance
of the shell is very thin, irregularly, concentrically undulate or
plicate, and in addition the surface is covered with a fine sculp-
ture of small granules, arranged in close-set radiating lines ; hinge
not preserved.
Length 42mm; height 28mm.
Remarks.— This species occurs quite abundantly in the Up-
per Restin sandstones of Quebrada Conventos between LaBreita
and Fernandez of the Upper Mancora valley. The typical form
is generally sub-elliptical or subovate, but possibly due to crush-
ing certain other shells have a subcircular outline.
Without the contributing evidence of hinge characters, the
present species has been referred to the genus Thracia, mainly on
its general form, and fine submicroscopic granulation of its
valves. The shells also appears to have been originally non-
nacreous which would exclude it from the Periplomatide.
A similar species has been described by Cossmann and Peyrot
as Thracia (Cyathodonta) Dollfussi, from the Miocene of the
Aquitanien Basin in France. The European shell is more equi-
71 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FossILs 25
lateral, with stronger concentric ripples, which are however
strictly concentric and not oblique as in the typical Cyathodonta.
The Periploma collardi Harris from the Lower Claiborne is sim-
ilar to the more circular shells, but possesses a pearly shell and is
a true Periploma.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence. Restin formation, Que.
Conventos.
Order TELEODESMACEA Dall
Superfamily CARDITACEA Menke
Family CARDITIDZ Gill
Genus VENERICARDIA Lamarck
Venericardia (Venericardia) planicosta Lamarack (group)
Venericardia planicosta Lamarck (group) Woods 1922, Bosworth Geology
of North West Peru, p. 66-70, Pl. 3, figs. 2, 3, pl. 4, figs. 1-3.
The well-known Venericardia planicosta was described by
Lamarck in 1801, as a Lutetian or Middle Eocene fossil from the
Parisien Basin. It is however in the west Atlantic or eastern Pa-
cific region, where the planicosta group reached its acme of de-
velopment and as fossil occur throughout the marine Eocene
along both the east and west coast of North America. They con-
stitute our most characteristic and reliable guide fossils for the
marine American Eocene.
In Peru, the members of the planicosta group are abundant
fossils through the entire Eocene section. Beginning in the low-
est exposed, fossiliferous members of the Negritos formation
(Lurritella beds) of Lower Eocene age, they continue uninter-
ruptedly through to the top of the Saman sandstones of the Chira
valley and Paita. Although a part of the Upper Eocene fauna
may continue into the overlying rocks referred to the Oligocene,
the group of Venericardia planicosta does not pass above the
Saman formation.
In their range from the Lower to the Upper Eocene, several
mutations or varieties are developed, and Woods in his work on
the Bosworth collection, has figured and described, the principal
forms occurring in the lower and middle portion of the section.
In general these varieties have a limited stratigraphic range, and
as their characters are quite constant, they are entitled to at least
subspecific recognition. In general*the Peruvian shells differ from
the typical European type and its subspecies from other regions,
in having a less number of ribs, generally between 22 to 24. The
26 BULLETIN 52 72
Peruvian subspecies and their range is as follows:
1. var. negritensis, Negritos formation (Turritella Series) Lower Eocene
2. var. parinensis, Salina to Parinas formation (Clavilithes Series) Middle
Eocene
3. var. restinensis, Restin formation. Upper Middle Eocene
4, var. samanensis, Restin and Saman formation. Upper Eocene
Venericardia planicosta var negritensis, n. var. Plate 5, figs. 1, 2
Venericardia planicosta Lamarck (group) Form A. Woods, 1922, p. 66, pl.
4, fig. 1
Venericadia, sp. Woods, 1922, p. 69, pl. 4, fig. 4.
This variety is the common and characteristic type in the Ne-
gritos formation. The usual form is obliquely subtrigonal with
low, flattened umboes and with erect or but slightly curved or in-
clined beaks. The shells are but slightly convex, sometimes ap-
pearing flattened or depressed especially near the ventral or basel
margins. The sculpture is strong, with relatively few, heavy per-
sistant ribs, widening out very noticeably towards the ventral
margins. On the umbos, the ribs are high and narrower than the
deep, groove-like interspaces, but they broaden rapidly and near
the ventral margin, flatten and become 5 or 6 times the width of
the shallow but distinct interspaces. From the anterior extremity
to the umbonal slope, the ribs number from 17 to 19,
The umbonal slope or ridge is usually well-defined, and the
sculpture of the dorsal-posterior submargins is quite different
from the rest of the shell disk. Except in the very earliest stages,
the ribbing of the dorsal margins is weak, the ribs quickly fading
out distally, and the surface becoming smooth or sculptured sim-
ply by crowded growth lines. The low ribs of the posterior-dor-
sal submargin number 4 or 5, so that the total number of ribs
over the whole surface is 22 to 24.
Localities and Geologic Occurrence—— Negritos formation,
Negritos LaBrea.
Venerieardia planicosta var parinensis, n. var. Plate 5, fig. 3
Venericardia planicosta Lamarck (group) Form B and C, Wood, 1922, p.
67, pl. 3, figs. 2, 3.
This variety begins in the Salina formation, continues up
through the Pale Gredas into the Parinas, or characteristic of the
group of rocks, placed by Bosworth in his Clavilithes series. Us-
ually the earlier forms are but moderately convex, with stronger
ribbing extending over the umbos onto the center of the shell
disk but fading out rapidly nearer the ventral margins (see
Woods’s fig. 2). In the Parinas sandstone, the shells are general-
73 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FossIus 27
ly larger, heavy, with full convex umbos, curved beaks and a
heavy, high hinge (see Woods’s figure 3). The sculpture is weak
and confined to the umbos and earlier portion of the sheil disk,
leaving the major part of the surface smooth, except for growth
lines. The umbonal slope is rounded as in the Parisien and Clai-
bornian shells, and the dorsal submargins are but feebly differen-
tiated. The ribs number as in negritensis, about 17 to the umbonal
slope, and 22 to 23 over the whole surface.
In this type we find a close approach to the smoother forms of
V. plamicosta from the Upper Wilcox and St. Maurice horizons
of Louisiana and Alabama, designated as variety (gamma) by
Harris *, and to . ionens.s Waring ® (lV. merriami Dickerson. ),
from Oregon and California. In each case, these smooth
Venericardia are found in rocks of Middle Eocene age.
Venericardia planicosta var. restinensis, n. var. Plate 6, fig. 2,
During the Restin or the Upper Middle Eocene, the conditions
for the growth and evolution of this series of J/enericardia,
does not appear to have been specially favorable, and the shells
are generally small, rarely exceeding 50 mm. in length. They vary
from well-rounded to subquadrate in form, strongly convex with
heavy ribs extending over two thirds of the surface, becoming
obsolete or fading over the central portion. The ribs number
about 17 to the umbonal angle, with 5 or 6 additional ones on the
dorsal-posterior submargins. The umbos are full, convex, with
small, curved beaks and small deeply sunk lunule. The posterior
submargin 1s somewhat ridged in the middle, bordered with a de-
pressed or concave zone on the outer side.
An interesting /’enericardia, probably belonging to the plani-
cardia, stock was described by Grzybowski ® as l’. clavidens, and |
he lists the fossils beth from Zorritos and Rica Playa. From
Grzybowski’s Zorritos records, one would presume the fossil to
be of Miocene age, but the species is not mentioned by Spieker in
5 Harris, 1919, Bulls. Amer. Pal., No. 31, vol. 6, p. 78, pl. 28, fig. 3, pl. 29,
litem ale
6 Waring 1914, Journ. Geol., vol. 22, p. 789; 1917, Proe. Calif. Acad. Sci.
ser. 4 vol. 7, No. 4, pl. 11, figs. 1, 2.
Hanna, 1925, Notes on the Genus Venericardia from the Eocene of the
West Coast of America, Univ. of Calif., Bull. Geol. Dept., Vol. 15, No.
8, p. 284, pl. 36, figs. 1, 2, 4, 4, 6, 7 and 9., pl. 42, figs. 1, 2.
9 Neues Jahr: fur Min. ete., Beil. Band vol. 12, p. 636, pl. 19, fig. 1.
28 BULLETIN 52 74
his studies on the Zorritos fauna, or have any specimens been
found in the course of our own extensive collecting in the Mio-
cene rocks of northern Peru. It is therefore most probable
that Grzybowski’s specimens were collected only at Rica Playa,
where Miocene beds are found over-lapping on the Upper Restin
and Lower Saman Eocene. lV’. clavidens resembles variety restt-
nensis by its small size, and in sculpture, but differs by its strong-
ly pointed posterior extremity and by its hinge. The hinge of
clavidens, shows in the right valve, a small tooth rising from the
posterior end of the nymphs. In this feature clavidens, shows an
approach to samanensis, occupying an intermediate position be-
tween that variety and restinensis, which its stratigraphic position
at Rica Playa, would also indicate.
Localities and Geologic Occurrence. Restin formation,
Negritos, Pozo valley near Lagunitas and Lower Verdun, Ja-
bonillal, Restin.
Venericardia planicosta var. samanensis, n. var. Plate 5, figs. 4, 5
Plate 6, fig. 6
In this variety, we have the final and culminating product of
evolution of the Peurvian group of V. planicosta. It occurs rare-
ly in the Restin rocks but becomes at once common and typical
in the succeeding Saman. The shells are often very large, mas-
sive, typically hatchet-shaped with height exceeding the width.
They are moderately or strongly convex, with wide, full umbos
and strongly coiled beaks (but less than in parimensis). The rib-
bing is strong in young shells and on the umbos of larger spec-
imens, and persists over a larger area than usual in var. parinen-
sis. Usually in large shells, the ribbing extends over the upper
half, leaving the lower part smooth or simply marked by faint
radiating lines representing the faded out ribs and by the growth
lines. The usual number of ribs is about 21, those on the poster-
ior-dorsal submargins being low and subobsolete. On the Restin
specimens, the ribbing is heavier and persist over a relatively larg-
er area, and the interspaces are deeper and more groove-like
(see fig. 4), while the ribbing on the Saman shells is more round-
ed, and the interspaces are much narrower.
The hinge of the full-grown shell is very wide and massive.
Its most striking feature is the development of wide, high and
vertically flattened nymphs, which project upward and around
75 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 29
which the ligament is attached. This adaptation is a natural one,
as the area of ligamental attachment must be increased to care for
the increased size and weight of the mature shell. In rare cases,
the ligament itself has been preserved, and shows as a large, mas-
sive plug, projecting above and in a posterior direction along the
dorsal area of two valves. A similar development of the nymphs
but to a much less degree, is seen amongst the typical planicosta
of the Parisian basin’. Il’. planicosta from the southern United
States, do not show this condition, and the nymphs are relatively
small and narrow.
Length 94mm; height 100mm ; diameter 65mm; (type) Saman
sandstone
75mm ; height 80mm; diameter 63mm; Restin specimen
Localities and Geologic Occurrence— Restin formation;
Que. Salado. Saman formation; Horizon of the Saman_ con-
glomerate, Negritos, near Lagunitas, etc. Very abundant and
large in the Saman sandstone of the Chira Valley, Paita, Bayovar,
etc.
Venericardia peruviana, n. sp. Plate 6, fig. 1
Shell rather large, inequilateral, broadly ovate or subelliptical
in form and with the low beak situated very close to the anterior
extremity ; posterior side widely rounded, the dorsal somewhat
arched, the ventral gently rounded or nearly straight, anterior
margin shorter; the shell is moderately convex, greatest just
about the center of the disk, the umbos are low and not conspic-
uous with small, prosogyrate and closely adjacent beaks; the
lunule is very small; there is a faint depression or sinu, extending
across the dorsal side of the umbos to the posterior margin and
serves to separate the faintly sculptured posterior-dorsal submar-
gins from the heavier sculptured surface below; sculpture con-
sists of moderately heavy, V shaped ribs which cover most of the
shell surface; on the umbos, the ribs are heavy and strongly V
shaped or ridged but become rounded and wider towards the pos-
terior-ventral extremity ; the ribs number about 19 from the an-
terior margin to the faint umbonal sinus, with 5, very faint, ad-
ditional ribs on the posterior-dorsal slope; interior concealed.
Length 80mm; height 66mm ; diameter 41.5mm ;
10 Catalogue Illustré de la Collection Lamarck. Museum D’Histroire Nat-
urelle de Geneve, Premiere Partie, pl. 23, fig. 126b, pl. 24, fig. 126d
Cossmann, 1901, Bull. Geol. Soc. France, vol. 1, p. 652-656, figs. 1 and 2.
30 BULLETIN 52 76
Remarks.._. There appear to be no closely related species to
which this shell need be compared. It differs from the planicosta
group by its form and V-shaped rivs. ‘ine umbonal suriace 1s
somewhat weathered in our specimens, but the ribs appear to
have been slightly beaded and keeled.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence Salina formation,
Negritos.
Venericardia pacifica, n. sp. Plate 6, figs. 3, 5
Shell smail or moderate size, rounded or subcircular in out-
lines and rather strongly convex; the beaks are situated about
the anterior one fourth; the dorsal margin is straight while the
anterior and posterior extremities are well rounded and together
with the base or ventral margin form part of a curve which is
nearly circular; umbos full and quite prominent with small,
slightly prosogyrate, adjacent beaks; lunule very small; sculp-
tured with about 28 ribs (about 19 to the umbonal slope) ; on the
umbos, the ribs are narrow, elevated and beaded, and with deep
U-shaped interspaces fully three times the width of the ribs
themselves; the ribs change abruptly at a resting mark, and be-
low this point, become wide, flattened or rounded on top and sep-
arated simply by incised lines.
Length 41mm; height 42mm ; diameter 31mm;
Remarks.-— This species occurs with the preceding and from
which it is recognised by its circular form and character of its
ribs.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence—— Salina formation
Negritos.
Family DIPLODONTID Dall
Genus DIPLODONTA Brown
Diplodonta? dissona, n. sp. Plate 9, figs. 8, 9
Shell lenticular, nearly equilateral, inequivalve; the right valve
is moderately convex with wide but not prominent umbos and
small inconspicuous beak; the left valve is flat or somewhat de-
pressed in the ventral half and generally slightly flexed towards
the left in the anterior portion; the beaks in each valve are small,
close, and inconspicuous ; the dorsal or hinge margin is rounded,
that of the right valve slightly overlapping the left; basal or ven-
tral margin is straight or very slightly rounded; the posterior side
77 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 31
is subtruncate, the anterior subtruncate to rounded and the result-
ing outlines of the sheli is subquadrate; there is no lunule or
escutcheon but a faint sinus may be present along the left, pos-
terior dorsal inargin; surface sculpture consists of fine, regular,
concentric threads on both valves; interior of the shell, judging
by molds, show a simple and continuous pallial line; hinge un-
known.
Length 22mm; height 19mm ; diameter 7.75mm ;
Remarks.——___ This species is remarkable in having dissimilar
vaives, the left valve being smaller, flat or depressed and slightly
overlapped by the right valve along the dorsal or hinge margin.
In other respects, the shell by its shape and essentially non-Luci-
noid anterior muscle scar, has the appearance of a medium-sized
Diplodonta and for these reasons, I am referring this fossil to
the genus Diplodonta, rather than amongst the Lucinide.
The pallial line as shown on certain internal molds is simple
and connected to the base of a circular or ovate, anterior muscle
scar and not above as typical of most Lucinas. The hinge is not
preserved in our specimens but judging from certain internal
molds, there appear to have been no lateral teeth.
This species is quite common in the Salina formation, partic-
ular near the base.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence— Salina Formation,
Negritos.
Pale Greda formation, Negritos.
Subgenus RINGICARDIUM Fischer
Cardium (Ringicardium) restinense, n. sp. Plate ies figs 1
Shell of medium size, inflated, somewhat auriculate and nearly
equilateral; umbos high and prominent, and situated nearly mid-
way between the anterior and posterior extremities ; ventral mar-
gin evenly rounded with the posterior margin nearly straight or
subtruncate; the anterior margin is straight or slightly rounded ;
the posterior-dorsal slope is depressed or concave and differs
from the rest of the shell by its finer ribs; the sculpture consists
of fairly wide, flat ribs, separated by narrower, groove-like an-
terior to the umbonal angle and about 10 on the posterior-dorsal
submargins ; over most of the surface of the shell, the ribs are
flat and smooth; on the umbonal angle and along the anterior
part of the shell, the ribs carried small hollow spines, represented
on the fossil shells mainly by their broken bases ; the edges of the
32 BULLETIN 52 78
ribs on the posterior-dorsal suhmargins are beaded and the in-
terspaces ocassionally wrinkled or waved.
Length 46mm ; height 47mm; diameter 39mm;
Remarks.— This species is closely related to C. —harrisi
Vaughan form the Claiborne of the United States, agreeing most
closely with the variety gaimesense Harris. Direct comparison
of specimens show the Claiborne species as being much larger
and with fuller umbos.
The subgeneric or sectional relations of this species, as well as
C. harrisi is doubtful. Dall in a brief review of a number of fos-
sil Cardiums, suggested that C. harrisi, might be supposed to be-
long to Tropidocardiwm Roemer, except that the shell does not
gap. The type species of Tropidocardium, namely C. costatum
Linne is a recent East Pacific shell, with high, ridge-like ribs, a
channel interior and posterior gap, features quite different from
those shown by either C. harrisi or restinensis. According to
Cossmann, Tropidocardium is not known in a fossil state.
The subgenus Ringicardium Fischer, type C. ringens Chemnitz
a recent species, but represented by a number of fossil European
shells, has generally flattened ribs, sometimes bearing large spines,
an inflated and often subauriculate shell. The posterior extrem-
ity is gaping and but partially closed by spine or tooth-like pro-
jections of the ends of the posterior set of ribs. In restinensis
and harrisi there is no posterior gap, the valves fitting closely all
around. On the other hand, the C. procerum Sby, a fairly com-
mon shell along the Pacific coast of Peru, is generally referred to
Ringicardium, In this species, the gap is very small and the
tooth-like extension of the ribs is very slight.
Localities and Geologic Occurrence Restin formation,
Restin, Jabonillal, Pozo valley etc.
Subgenus FRAGUM Bolten
Section TRIGONIOCARDIA Dall
Cardium (Trigoniocardia) samanicum Dall Plate 11, fig. 2
Shell solid, high, convex and truncate behind; umbos high and
prominent and with the greatest convexity of the shell about the
center of the shell disk; ventral and anterior margins evenly
rounded; the posterior margin is straight and meeting to form
nearly a right angle with the basal margin; the posterior-umbonal
79 OLsSson: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 33
slope is angled, with a slight sinus or depressed band lying just
in front; the posterior-dorsal submargins are depressed or con-
cave but rising again to form a broad ridge along the valve mar-
gin; sculpture consists of heavy, ornamental ribs and interspaces,
somewhat smaller on the posterior-dorsal submargins and close
to the anterior extremeties ; there are about 15 ribs anterior to the
umbonal angle and about 6 on the posterior truncation ; the larger
ribs are rather low, wide and not sharply separated from the
bordering interspaces; the summit of the ribs, usually carry a
shallow, wide channel or groove, generally ornamented with an
elevated thread or a series of coarse beads or ventrally directed
small scales or spines; the interspaces usually carry a broad ele-
vated thread and the edge of the ribs are scalloped or cross-
striated by evenly spaced incised lines; the ribs or the posterior
truncation similarly sculptured; interior concealed.
Length 28mm; height 31mm; diameter 25mm;
Remarks.— This is an elegant species, fairly common in the
Saman sandstones of the Chira valley. It is probably a Trigonio-
cardia Dall, a sectional group composed mainly of small species,
distinctly Tropical American in their distribution, and hereto-
fore recorded as fossil only from Oligocene and younger rocks.
Locality and Geological Occurrence.— Saman_ formation,
Casa Saman.
Superfamily VENERACEA Menke
Family VENERIDZ Leach
Genus CLEMENTIA Gray
Subgenus CLEMENTIA sg. s.
Clementia (Clementia) peruviana, n. sp. Plateyfeetio sw swe ii
Shell of medium size, inequilateral with the beaks situated at
or near the anterior four fifths, the posterior portion of the shell
is therefore much longer and the height of the shell being great-
est just above the middle; posterior extremity slightly rounded or
more obviously truncate; ventral margin well rounded and pass- .
ing into the relatively short anterior extremity; the convexity of
the shell is only moderate and the umbos are therefore not
strongly inflated ; the posterior dorsal submargins are made slight-
ly concave by a groove-like depression, disappearing anteriorly
beneath the beaks; surface sculpture consisting of coarse, con-
34. BULLETIN 52 80
centric, waves, heaviest on the umbonal and early portion of the
shell, but gradually become irregular and less heavy towards the
ventral margin, finally disappearing or becoming indistinguishable
from the growth lines; a finer sculpture of growth lines covers
the entire shell; the hinge of the right valve (Saman sandstone
specimen) shows a small anterior cardinal tooth, a heavier mid-
dle cardinal tooth and a long bifid posterior cardinal; hinge of
left valve unknown.
Length 45nin ; height 32mm broken; Semidiameter 11mm
(Holotype) Saman Sandstones
40mm ; height 38.5mm; Diameter 22mm; Caleto Mero.
Remarks.— * Clementia peruviana is a common fossil in the
Peruvian Tertiaries, beginning in the Restin formation or the up-
per part of the Middle Eocene, where it is however very rare, and
extending through the Upper Eocene and Oligocene rocks. It be-
came extinct sometime during the Upper Oligocene and in the
succeeding Miocene, it is replaced by the larger and well-known
Clementia dariena Conrad.
From C. dariena, the Peruvian Clementia is distinguished by
its smaller size, generally less convex and more depressed shell
and by its weaker sculpture. In C. peruviana, the concentric
waves which are strongest and heaviest on the umbonal portion,
measure from 2 to 2 1-2 mm. from crest to crest.
Woodring! has recently described an Eocene Clementia from
Colombia, as variety vetula of dariena. His figures show a more
circular shell with nearly central beaks and umbos. It appears
to be distinct from the Peruvian shell, an opinion shared by
Woodring after comparison of Peruvian specimens with his Co-
lombian shell. Woodring’s form is however young, and comes
from rocks of the same age as the Peruvian and it is possible that
with more material from Colombia will show the shells to be the
same or more closely allied.
Localities and Geologic Occurrences.—
Upper Middle Eocene, Restin formation, Negritos (very rare)
Upper Eocene, Saman formation, generally common through-
out, Negritos, Talara, Caleto Sal, Casa Saman, Paita, etc.
Lower Oligocene, Chira formation, several localities in the
Chira valley, Caleto Sal, ete.
1 Woodring, W. P., 1926, American Tertiary Mollusks of the Genus
Clementia Prof. Paper 147-C, U. 8. Geol. Survey, p, 33, pl. 14, figs. 1-4.
81 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FossILS 35
Middle Oligocene, Mancora formation, Mancora, Lagunitas,
Chira valley, Punta Bravo, etc.
Upper Oligocene, Heath formation, Caleta Mero abundant,
Chira valley, etc.
Clementia (Clementia) parinensis, n. sp. Plate 7, figs. 3, 4
Shell small, inequilateral with the beaks quite close to the an-
terior extremity and with the greatest height of the shell near
the middle; posterior extremity subtruncate, the ventral margin
evenly rounded and with a relatively short anterior extremity ;
dorsal margin or slightly arched and apparently grooved near the
hinge line; convexity moderate; but varying somewhat in differ-
ent individuals; no defined lunule; the surface sculpture is
Clementoid consisting of strong, concentric waves, regular on the
umbos, but gradually disappearing ventrally and becoming in-
distinguishable from the growth lines; where best developed, the
concentric waves or ribs, measure about one millimeter from
crest to crest; the whole surface is covered with fine growth lines
or threads strongest near the basal margin; interior concealed.
Length 27.5mm; height 22.75mm ; diameter 14.5mm;
Remarks.— This is a small but very distinct species, its sur-
face sculptured with typical Ciementoid concentric waves and
ribs, but varying somewhat in coarseness on different individuals.
The posterior extremity is noticeably truncate and the posterior-
dorsal submargins grooved or concave. It is a very characteristic
species of the Parinas and Restin formation, and thus strati-
graphically appears to be the oldest of the true Clementias of the
Peruvian section.
Locahties and Geologic Occurrences.—
Middle Middle Eocene, Parinas formation, Parinas and Bal-
cones Points, Keswick Hills, Cabo Blanco, etc.
Upper Middle Eocene, Restin formation, Restin, Jabonillal,
Negritos.
Clementia (Clementia) restinensis, n. sp. Plate 7, fig. 6, 6
Shell small to medium-sized, inequilateral, ovate-elliptical in
form; beaks small and nearly touching, situated quite close to the
anterior extremity; the dorsal margin is straight or slightly
arched, the ventral margin evenly rounded and passing smoothly
36 BULLETIN 52 82
into the more acutely, rounded anterior and posterior extremities ;
there is no defined lunule or escutcheon; surface smooth or sculp-
tured simply with the growth-lines which are somewhat coarser
on the anterior and posterior extremeties and towards the basal
margin.
Length 42mm; height 35mm; diamete 19.5mm; (type)
Remarks.— The internal characters are concealed. In shape,
the shell resembles certain species of Macrocallista, but the beaks
are more anteriorly situated and there is no lunule or escutcheon.
In these features, the fossil resembles closely Clementia and prob-
ably belongs to that genus. They differ from most species of
Clementia, in lacking the concentric, characteristic Clementoid
waves or ribs and the surface of the shell is nearly smooth.
Localities and Geologic Occurrences. Restin formation,
Pozo valley near Lagunitas, Restin.
Genus GRATELOUPIA Desmoulins ‘
Subgenus GRATELOUPIA s. s.
Grateloupia (Grateloupia) peruviana, n. sp. Plate 85 figss 255
Shell small or medium size, nearly equilateral; in form the
shell is Mulinoid or that of a small /phigenia; moderately convex,
greatest about the center of the shell, midway between the nearly
equal and similar anterior and posterior extremities ; ventral mar-
gin widely rounded or curved and slightly flexed in the posterior-
ventral region; dorsal margin straight or nearly so, sloping to
form a bluntly pointed, posterior extremity and a more rounded
anterior extremity; beaks very small, inconspicuous and closely
adjacent ; lunular area depressed, narrowly lanceolate and defined
from the rest of the shell by a deeply impressed line; surface
smooth or only faintly marked by the growth lines ; hinge of right
valve show two strong cardinals followed posteriorly by a wide
nymphal area which includes the fused third cardinal; other in-
ternal characters concealed in the matrix.
Length 26mm ; height 19.5mm; semidiameter 6.50mm ;
Remarks.— Although this is a common species in the Parin-
as sandstone, the internal characters are difficult to determine, as
the shells are most generally found enclosed in a hard sandy ma-
trix. A single right valve collected, shows two evident cardinal
83 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FossILs Sue
teeth, followed on the posterior side by a wide nymphal area
which probably includes the fused third cardinal. Ii this char-
acter, the hinge agrees with Gratelouwpia, typified in the Mulinoid
or [phigema-like shape. The true Grateloupia, typified by Donax
irregulari Basterot (Grateloupia doniciformis Desm.) have
previously been recorded only from the European Miocene where
they are found in the Aquitanian and Vienna basins and in the
Italian Piedmont.
Localities and Geologic Occurrences.— _Parinas formation,
Parinas and Balcones Points.
Genus MACROCALLISTA Meek
Macrocallista inca, n. sp. Plate 8, figs. 1, 4
Shell of medium size, elongate or elliptical in shape, the great-
est height of the shell being about midway between the anterior
and posterior extremities; beaks rather small and near the an-
terior one-fifth and one-sixth ; convexity of the shell is moderate,
greatest in the dorsal umbonal region, and below which the shell
is slightly impressed along a band extending from the beaks
towards the posterior ventral margin; basal and dorsal margins
well rounded, anterior extremity slightly produced, bounded
above by the straight or slightly curved lunular margin; the ex-
terior of the shell is smooth or porcellaneous, marked simply by
fine growth lines ; internal characters concealed.
Height 41mm; length 64mm; diameter 26mm ;
38mm ; length 52mm; diameter 17mm;
Locality and Occurrence—— Saman formation, Saman sand-
stones of Casa Saman, Chira Valley.
Genus PITARIA Roemer
Subgenus PITARIA Roemer
Section PITARIA s. s.
Pitaria (Pitaria) scizna, n. sp. Plate 7, figs. 8, 9
Shell small to medium size, porcellaneous, subequilateral, with
high and nearly central umbos; anterior and posterior extremi-
ties nearly equally rounded or the posterior slightly more pointed ;
the shell is moderately convex, with wide, full umbos and with
small, scarcely prosogyrate beaks; lunule elongate-lanceolate and
38 BuLuETIN 52 84
defined by a fine, impressed line; escutcheon not differentiated ;
the surface is smooth or marked only with growth lines, strong-
est on the older shell and along the posterior dorsal slope.
Length 34mm; height 27mm; semidiameter 9mm ;
Remarks.— _ A fairly common species in the Pale Gredas of
Restin. It differs from M. bosworthu and negritosensis Woods
by its much smaller size.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence.— Pale Greda formation,
Restin.
Subgenus HYSTEROCONCHA Fischer
Section LAMELLICONCHA Dall
Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) negritensis, n. sp. Plate 8, fig. 3
Shell small to medium size, ovate-eliptical; beaks near the an-
terior one-third and with the greatest height of the shell in this
region, the dorsal margin is slightly arched or straight, descend-
ing towards the posterior extremity which appears obliquely sub-
truncate ; the anterior extremity appears somewhat produced with
a straight lunular margin and a rounded basal margin; lunule
narrowly lanceolate; sculpture consists of concentric bands de-
veloped on the umbos, the anterior submargins and the posterior-
dorsal slopes but they are lacking from the center of the shell-
disk, where the surface is smooth and polished; on the anterior
submargins and the umbonal slopes, the concentric bands become
rounded ridges, with deep, narrow interspaces; hinge of left
valve shows three cardinal teeth and one anterior lateral; pallial
sinus not evident in our specimens ; ventral margin smooth.
Length 36.5mm ; height 24mm ; diameter 12.5mm ;
Remarks.— The type specimen is somewhat crushed so that
the posterior extremity appears to be more pointed than it actual-
ly is in nature. The shell has the general features of Macrocalhs-
ta and probably should be referred to that genus, rather than Pi-
taria. It is distinguished from allied species by its sculpture,
which is obsolete from the center of the shell disk. The M. Dick-
ersoni Wood is quite common in the Clavilithes beds. It differs by
its smoothly elliptical and convex form and even regular con-
centric sculpture.
Locality and Geological Occurrence—— Negritos formation,
Negritos.
o;
85 OLsson: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 39
Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) parinensis, n. sp. Plate 8, figs. 6, 8
Shell small, ovate-elliptical, inequilateral and with the beaks
near the anterior one-third ; convexity of shell moderate or slight
basal margin rounded or slightly flexed or emarginated posterior-
ly; posterior dorsal margin straight and with a bluntly pointed
anterior and posterior extremity; lunule small, lanceolate and
deeply sunken ; surface sculpture of fine, regular, narrow ribs o1
ridges, spaced about three-fifths of a millimeter apart on the shell
disc ; they number about 35 on the type specimen; interspaces
very wide and marked by 2, 3 or more coarse growth lines; in-
terior concealed by the matrix.
Length 24mm; height 16.5mm; semidiameter 5mm;
Remarks.— This is a small species quite common in the
Parinas sandstones. From the P. saponaria of the Restin forma-
tion, this species is recognised by its smaller size, finer sculpture
and flexing of its posterior ventral margin.
Local ties and Geological Occurrence.— Parinas formation,
Keswick, Hills and Balcones Point.
Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) saponaria, n. sp. 2 Plate 8, fig. 11
Shell small, ovate-elliptical, inequilateral, moderately convex,
and with the beaks situated near the anterior one-third; lunule
small, lanceolate; basal margin broadly curved, passing into the
bluntly pointed posterior extremity; surface sculptured with
even, narrow, concentric ribs or ridges, rounded on top; the con-
centic ribs number about 34 on the type specimen and are spaced
about three-fourths mm. apart on the center of the shell disc, and
separated by deep, flat interspaces, nearly twice as wide; the ribs
and interspaces are finely marked by the concentric growth lines
interior largely concealed in the type specimen, a fragment of the
left valve shows a strong lateral tooth and three cardinals.
Length 27mm; height 18mm; semidiameter 6mm ;
Remarks.— A rare species represented in our collection by
the type and two fragmentary specimens. It is recognized by its
even and rather coarse concentric sculpture.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence.— Restin formation, Ja-
bonillal.
Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) salsola, n. sp. Plate 8, fig. 7
Shell of moderate size, elliptical, inequilateral, with the beaks
40 BULLETIN 52 S6
near the anterior third; convexity of shell slight; basal margin
well rounded on the anterior half, becoming slightly rounded or
nearly straight on the posterior half and slightly flexed just in
front of the posterior dorsal umbonal slope; dorsal margin is
straight or nearly so, with the posterior extremity slightly round-
ed or subtruncate ; the anterior extremity appears somewhat pro-
duced and bounded above by the concave lunular margin; sur-
face of shell is marked with a close sculpture of concentric ribs
or bands, generally evenly spaced, but sometimes becoming
crowded and marking resting stages in the development of the
shell; these bands are separated simply by incised or impressed
lines ; hinge characters concealed, but molds of the interior show
a large, pallial sinus, extending to and slightly behind the middle
of the shell.
Length 33mm; height 20mm ; semidiameter 5mm;
Remarks.— Recognized by its elongate form, slight flexing
of its posterior-ventral margin and its close-set sculpture of con-
centric bands, divided simply by incised lines. It belongs in the
horizon of the Saman conglomerate.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence.— | Saman formation, Sa-
lina, near Negritos.
Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) samanensis, n. sp. Plate 8, fig. 9
Shell of moderate size, ovate, inequilateral with the beaks
about the anterior third; convexity very slight and the shell ap-
pearing nearly depressed; basal margin slightly rounded, a point-
ed posterior extremity and a well rounded anterior extremity ;
dorsal margin slightly convex or arched midway between the
beaks and the posterior extremity; surface sculpture of regular,
and rather coarse, concentric ribs or ridges, seemingly reflexed or
inclined dorsally ; the ribs are spaced nearly a millimeter apart on
the shell disk and number about 40 or more on an average speci-
men ; interior concealed.
Length 36mm; height 26mm; diameter 12mm;
Remarks. A fairly common species in the Upper Saman
rocks but good specimens have not been obtained. It differs from
the previously described species by its more pointed, shorter and
ovate shaped shell.
Locality and Geologic Occurrance—— | Saman formation, Ca-
sa Saman.
87 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FossILs 41
Section TIVELINA Cossmann
Pitaria (Tivelina) siliqua, n. sp. Plate 8, figs. 12-14
Shell small, inequilateral and moderately heavy; shape sub-
trigonal, with the beaks near the anterior fourth, small, pointed,
adjacent and slightly curved anteriorly; basal margin broadly
rounded passing into a pointed or bluntly rounded posterior ex-
tremity ; the valves are slightly flexed along a line just anterior
to the posterior dorsal slope; anterior extremity short and nar-
rowly rounded and passing into the lunular margin which is
straight ; convexity moderate ; lunular area broadly elliptical ; sur-
face somewhat rough and sculptured simply by the growth lines,
heavier along the posterior-dorsal slope and towards the margin;
interior concealed.
Length 20mm ; hieght 16.5mm ; diameter 11.5mm;
Remarks.— This is a small species distinguished by its
pointed posterior extremity and general Nuculoid form. Its pos-
terior portion is slightly flexed and the surface is marked with
fairly coarse irregular growth lines. It probably belongs to
Tivelina, Cossmann considered by Dall as a section of Pitaria.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence Negritos formation,
Negritos.
Genus CALLOCARDIA A. Adams
Callocardia salvia, n. sp. Plate 8, fig. 10
Shell small or of moderate size; cordate, inflated, inequilateral,
with beaks near the anterior fourth; umbos wide and full with
fairly prominent and slightly prosogyrate beaks; lunule elliptical
and on our specimens defined by a feeble impressed line; the
basal margin is evenly rounded, passing into a broadly rounded
or subtruncate posterior extremity, on one side and a somewhat
pointed anterior extremity on the other; the exterior is sculp-
tured simply by crowded growth lines and the surface of the
shell is slightly rough to the touch; hinge of the right valve
shows a socket for the left lateral and three cardinal teeth, the
middle one bifid; the posterior-dorsal margin grooved.
Length 33mm; height 26.5mm ; diameter 19mm;
Remarks.— This species resembles somewhat the Pitaria
cs.@na, but differs by its more inequilateral shell and by its more
curved beaks. The type specimens are from the top of the
42 BULLETIN 52 88
Salina formation, but the species continues into the Parinas
sandstones.
In the lower Saman shales near Negritos, there are small
shells scarcely distinguishable from the typical C. salvia. Judg-
ing by our collection, these shells are smaller, and somewhat
longer, characters are recognized of very minor value. Since
they occur at a much higher horizon, these characters may be of
greater importance than they would seem at first, and for this
reason, this form may be separated as variety gemma.
Superfamily TELLINACEA Blainville
Family TELLINIDZ Deshayes
Genus MACOMA Leach
Subgenus PSAMMACOMA Dall
Macoma (Psammacoma) talarensis, n. sp. Plate 9, fig. 6
Shell thin, elongate-ovate, moderately convex, equivalve, with
an outline suggestive of Periploma; anterior side rather long,
wide, the posterior side shorter and contracted to about one-half
the height of the anterior and less than one-half as long; umbos
wide but not prominent with small beaks, situated about the
anterior 2/3rds; the ventral margin is evenly rounded; the an-
terior-dorsal margin straight, the posterior-dorsal margin strong-
ly descending and concave upward; the anterior extremity is
broadly rounded, the posterior subtruncate; the posterior side
is weakly flexed by two subobsolete folds, one lying along the
umbonal slope, paralleled posteriorly by a faint sinus and this in
turn by a second faint fold; shell very thin, with a nearly smooth
surface.
Length 24mm; height 15mm ; semidiameter 3.5mm;
Remarks.— The internal characters are concealed and the
reference of the shell to Macoma is based on external resem-
blance. The shell is extremely thin and in form resembles cer-
tain species of Periploma. The Tellina formosa Philippi from
Lebu Chile is very similar in general form to the Talara shell,
but is larger (55 mm.), higher and with the ventral margin more
strongly rounded.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence.— Saman formation,
Talara.
89 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 43
Family DONACIDZE Deshayes
Genus DONAX Linné
Subgenus DONAX s. s.
Donax (Donax) parinensis, n. sp. Plate 9, fig. 3
Shell of the usual size for the species of the genus, elongate-
subtrigonal, solid, a strong posterior truncation and a fairly
heavy radial sculpture; posterior extremity very short, sharply
truncate so that the plane of its surface is almost perpendicular
with that of the adjacent surface of the shell; anterior end much
longer, cuneate and with the extremity narrowly rounded; ventral
margin evenly rounded but somewhat .arched or vaulted in the
middle by a broad fold extending from the beak and over the
umbonal region; anterior-dorsal margin straight ; anterior-dorsal
submargin excavated and smooth; the shell is moderately convex
with a broad fold extending ventrally across the umbo, and bor-
dered on each side by a depressed band; surface sculpture con-
sists of rather strong, radial ribs, sometimes crenulated by con-
centric lines; the radial ribs are very fine on the posterior trun-
cation, while on the general surface of the shell, they are flat
and low over most of the anterior portion, but become strong
and rounded in contour from about the center and across the
depressed band to the posterior-umbonal angle; on the anterior
portion, the flat ribs may be finely crenulated by incised concen-
tric lines; internal margin sharply crenulated.
Length 21mm; height 15mm; semidiameter 5.75mm ;
Remarks.— This is a true Donax, with a strongly truncated
posterior side, rather heavy sculpture of radial ribs and a
serrated or crenulated margin. The single type specimen was
collected in the Parinas sandstones of Keswick Hills three or
four miles east of Negritos.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence Parinas formation,
Keswick Hills.
Section LATONA Schumacher
Denax (Latona) prosopsis n. sp. Plate 9, fig. 2
Shell elongate or donaciform, thick, the anterior side long, the
posterior side much shorter and about 1/3rd the length of the
whole shell; the shell is slightly convex, the greatest inflation
being along the umbonal ridge a short distance in front and below
the beak; ventral and dorsal margins straight but not quite
parallel; the anterior extremity is straight or subtruncate,
44 BULLETIN 52 90
meeting the ventral margin at slightly less than 90 degrees ; the
posterior portion of the shell is strongly depressed or flattened
and with a strong umbonal angle, extending from the beak to the
posterior-ventral margin; the surface of the shell is smooth or
slightly roughened by irregular growth lines, heaviest on the
anterior portion; there are faint indications of radiating lines
or striz on the posterior portion of the shell; the hinge margin
appears to have been smooth:
Length 31.5mm ; height 17mm; semidiameter 5.5mm ;
Remarks.— This species is provisionally referred to the
Section Latona Schumacher, but in most of the recent species
of this group, the umbonal angle is less prominent, and the post-
erior slope is generally quite strongly sculptured with radial strie.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence—— Restin formation,
Jabonillal.
Donax (Latona) capparis, n. sp. Plate 9, fig. 7
Shell donaciform, elongate-subtrigonal, with a strong, poster-
ior truncation, and a longer anterior end; beaks small, situated
about the anterior 2/3rds; ventral margin evenly rounded; the
anterior-dorsal margin is straight and descending, meeting with
the ventral margin to form a narrowly rounded anterior
extremity ; the posterior side is straight, meeting the ventral mar-
gin at an angle of less than 90 degrees ; umbonal slope is angled
but not carinate; surface smooth; the ventral margin was
_ probably smooth.
Length 33mm; height 21.5mm; diameter 11mm;
Remarks— From the preceding species, to which this shell
is obviously related, it will be distinguished by its more typical
Donax-like form and more trigonal outlines. Its surface is plain
and smooth. The ventral margin appears to have been smooth.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence Salina formation,
Negritos.
Superfamily MACTRACEA Gray
Family MACTRIDAX Gray
Genus SPISULA Gray
Subgenus SPISULA s. s.
Spisula (Spisula) caleta, n. sp. Plate 10, fig. 1
Shell of moderate size, very thin, nearly equilateral, moderately
inflated, smooth; form as figured is broadly subtriangular with a
91 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 45
smoothly rounded ventral margin, and with the dorsal margin
straight on the posterior side but concave on the anterior ; umbos
prominent central, with conspicuous and closely adjacent beaks ;
the posterior-dorsal submargins is generally a little convex
towards the posterior side but becoming concave nearer the beaks
and generally carrying two or more obscure, radiating folds or
ribs, one of which forms the rounded, umbonal angle; anterior-
dorsal margins concave and deep; surface smooth or simply
sculptured by the growth lines; interior concealed.
Height 48mm; length 57mm; semidiameter 25.5mm ;
Remarks—— The hinge of this fine species is not preserved
in our specimens, but the general form of the shell is that of a
typical Spisula and may be paralleled by any number of species
in the recent and Tertiary faunas. ‘The texture of the shell is
extremely thin and in most of the fossils, it is preserved in thin
tissue paper-like patches or when weathered as a soft chalky
covering.
The S. decisa Conrad from the Claibornian of Alabama and
Louisiana is similar to the present species, but is proportionately
longer and heavier.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence-— Saman formation,
Caleta Sal.
Spisula summa n. sp. Plate 10, figs. 5, 6
Shell of medium size, subtriangular, convex and nearly equi-
lateral; umbos wide but not very prominent, and with the beaks
situated a little anterior of the middle; umbonal slope angled
but not sharply, and with the posterior-dorsal submargins rather
wide, and slightly vaulted or convex; the anterior submargin is
wide and slightly concave ; ventral margin evenly but not strongly
rounded, with the anterior extremity narrowly rounded and the
posterior subtruncate; surface is smooth or marked only by the
growth lines but with the anterior-dorsal submargins more finely
sculptured with even, regular lines; hinge imperfectly preserved
in our specimens, shows two strong laterals, a V shaped cardinal
and a resilium pit.
Length 44mm. broken; height 44mm.; semi-diameter 17mm. holotype
49mm.; height 42mm.; semi-diameter 15mm.
Remarks.— The type specimens come from the Pale Gredas
of Restin and their average size is about 44mm. in height. They
AG BULLETIN 52 92
are similar in general characters to specimens in our collection
from the Salina formation near Negritos, with exception that the
umbos are somewhat higher and wider. What is likely the same
species or a closely allied form occurs in the Restin formation at
Jabonillal, where the largest specimens reach a height of about
58mm.
From the S. caleta, this species is distinguished by its heavier
shell, its wide but less prominent umbos and general Mulinoid
form.
Localities and Geologic Occurrence— Salinas formation,
Negritos. Pale Greda formation, Restin. Restin formation, Ja-
bonillal. ;
Spisula (Spisula) hualtaca n. sp. Plate 9, fig. 4
Shell elongate-subovate, nearly equilateral, depressed or but
little convex; form as figured, with the height approximately
three-fifths of the length, the umbos low and depressed and with
small, erect pointed beaks, situated about the middle of the shell;
anterior and posterior sides subequal, that of the anterior side
slightly the longer and with the dorsal margin somewhat con-
tracted; ventral margin is broadly rounded, the dorsal-posterior
margin vaulted or nearly straight; the posterior extremity is
rounded that of the anterior extremity more narrowly rounded;
shell was probably very thin in texture.
Length 44mm.; height 26mm.; semi-diameter 4.5mm.
Remarks.— The species is based on a single internal cast ot
the right valve from the Saman shales of Caleta Sal. It differs
from the other Peruvian Mactroids, in its more elongate form and
strongly depressed shell. The beaks are low, nearly central, and
the umbos flat and depressed. The texture of the shell was prob-
ably thin and smooth, without any indication of concentric plice
such as occur on the ventral portion of the shell in Spisula callis-
toides and deserta. ‘The pallial sinus is faintly indicated on the
specimen, It appears to have been of moderate size, open, wide
and reaching not quite to the center of the shell.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence—— Saman formation, Cal-
eta Sal.
93 OLSSON: PERUVIAN Fossius 47
Subgenus HEMIMACTRA Swainson
Section OXYPERAS Morch
The section Oxyperas’ with S. ariangularis Lam, as its type
species, is chiefly of Indo-Pacific distribution. The shells are
typically triangular in shape and the surface of the valves is or-
namented with strong, concentric plicee. This section is well rep-
resented in the Peruvian Tertiaries by several typical species.
Spisula (Oxyperas) callistoides n. sp. Plate 10, figs. 3, 4
Shell of medium size, nearly equilateral convex; the form as
figured is broadly subtriangular, with the height about two-thirds
that of the length; ventral margin is slightly rounded with a
bluntly pointed posterior extremity and a narrowly rounded an-
terior extremity ; the dorsal margins are straight and bordered on
each side of the beaks by wide, flat submargins; the umbonal
slope is angled or with a low fold, below which the shell carries
a faint concave band or sinus towards the ventral. margin; the
umbos are wide and prominent. with conspicuous beaks; surface
of shell appears to be generally smooth on the umbos but becom-
ing strongly plicate or sculptured with regular concentric ribs
towards the basal margin or covering an area approximately the
lower one-third; these concentric ribs number generally between
8 to 10 and are sufficiently heavy to extend through the shell and
to be impressed upon the internal moulds; the posterior dorsal
submargins are smooth, while the anterior-dorsal submargins are
sculptured over the whole area by fine, regular, concentric threads
or fine ridges ; interior concealed.
Length 54mm.; height 34.5mm.; diameter 28mm.
Remarks.— This species is fairly abundant in the Saman
sandstones of the Chira Valley. In form and general characters,
it approaches closely the S. triangularis Lamarck, a recent species
and the type of Oxyperas. There are 3 or 4 recent species of
Oxyperas, distributed mainly in the western Pacific region, from
New Zealand north to Japan.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence-— Saman_ formation,
Casa Saman.
Spisula (Oxyperas) deserta n. sp. Plate 10); fies, 2, 7
Shell small, nearly equilateral, moderately convex; shape is
broadly triangular or hatchet-shaped, the height somewhat less
128ee Ed Lamy, 1917, Revision de Mactride Vivants, Journ de Conehyl. vol.
*s) “56)*) 7 4
03, p. veo, pl. ‘; fig. il
48 BULLETIN 52 94
than the length, and with the beaks and umbos more or less cen-
trally placed; ventral margin smoothly rounded with straight
dorsal margins, descending from the beak to form the nearly
equally rounded anterior and posterior extremities; the umbonal
slope is rounded or with a faint fold and bordered on the hinge
side by wide and slightly convex submargins ; surface is smooth
on the umbos but becoming plicate or sculptured with regular and
fairly coarse, concentric ribs on the ventral one-third; the con-
centric ribs number 8 to 10, are rounded and separated by deep
grooves, and become replaced on the anterior submargins by finer
ribs; a faint sinus parallels the umbonal angle and extends from
the beak to the posterior ventral margins ; interior concealed.
Length 28.5mm.; height 27.5mm.; semi-diameter 8mm.
Remarks.— From 5S. callistoides, this species differs - its
smaller size, higher shell and somewhat finer sculpture. It occurs
in a hard ferruginous sandstone layer, associated with Spisula
caleta, Amotapus arbolensis, etc., in the Saman shales of Caleta
Sal.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence—— Saman_ formation,
Caleta Sal.
Spisula (Oxyperas) parinensis n. sp. Plate 9, fig. 5
Shell small, convex or moderately inflated, subtriangular ;
umbos high and prominent with pointed, conspicuous and central
beaks; ventral margin slightly rounded and usually indented or
flexed towards the posterior extremity; the umbonal slope is
weakly angled and bordered on the hinge side by the slightly
convex and vaulted submargins ; the anterior dorsal submargin 1s
concave or excavated greatest immediately in front of the beak ;
the anterior extremity is somewhat produced and narrowly
rounded, the posterior more broadly rounded; surface of shell
is smooth on the umbonal portion, but towards the basal or ven-
tral margin becoming sculptured with fine, regular, incised lines ;
on the hinge side of the anterior-dorsal submargins, the surface
is often sculptured with heavy concentric ribs, divided by deeper
incised lines ; hinge concealed.
Length 16.5mm.; height 11.5mm.; semi-diameter 4mm.
95 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FossILs 49
Remarks.— This is a small species locally common in the
Parinas sandstones and the Saman conglomerate, the average
length of specimens collected being about 15mm. At first it
might be suspected to be the young of S. deserta of Caleta Sal,
but differs by its constant smaller size and more produced anter-
ior extremity. Its sculpture is also finer.
Localities and Geologic Occurrence.— Parinas formation,
Balcones Point. Saman formation, Salina, near Negritos.
Superfamily MYACEA Menke
Family CORBULIDZ Fleming
Genus CORBULA Lamarck
The genus Corbula is represented in the Peruvian Tertiaries
by numerous species. Four species were described by Woods
from Eocene rocks, namely the C. arnoldi, waringi, peruviana and
parinasensis, the three former from the Twrritella series or re-
stricted Negritos formation, and the last species from the Parinas
sandstones. The C. parinasensis is a large, fairly smooth and
nearly equivalved form, which becomes more common and larger
in the Restin formation. Several additional species are described
in this paper, but others are represented in our collection, but too
imperfectly preserved for description.
There is some confusion amongst authorities as to the type
species to be selected for the genus Corbula. In 1847, Gray se-
lected the C. sulcata Lamarck, as the type species, and most Eu-
ropean authors and others have followed this usage. Dall how-
ever points out that this species was earlier used as the sole ex-
ample of Muhlfeldt for Aloidis and must be retained for the sec-
tion of the genus typified by that species. Dall therefore selected
as the type species, the C. gallica Lamarck a species used by
Fischer as the type for his section Bicorbula.
In Dall’s classification of the Corbulide, most of the Peruvian
species would belong in the Section Cuneocorbula of Cossmann,
but the type C. biangulata Deshayes of the Parisien Eocene is
bicarinate and quite different from the American shells usually
placed in that section.
The Restin species, described here as C. bursera, differs widely
from any described Corbulas of which we have found record.
The hinge is unknown but its external characters are so pe-
50 BULLETIN 52 96
culiar that a new section Cuspicorbula, named for its likeness to
Cuspidaria, is proposed for its reception.
Section CORBULA sensu lato
Corbula negritensis n. sp. Plate 11, figs. 3, 4
Shell of medium size, solid, nearly equilateral and equivalve;
form as figured is broadly elongate, the posterior extremity is
rostrate and slightly longer; umbos wide but not prominent, with
small inconspicuous beaks; posterior end subtruncate, with a
strong angle or keel on the rostrum; both valves similarly sculp-
tured with strong, concentric ribs, nearly equal on the lower half
of the shell, smaller and fainter on the umbos; the ribs number 12
or more subtriangular in section and the interspaces V shaped,
the rostral area is smooth or sculptured with irregular growth
lines; there is a finer, submicroscopic sculpture of radial threads
in lines, covering the ribs and interspaces alike; interior con-
cealed.
Length 11mm.; height Smm.; diameter 5.5mm.
Remarks— The Corbula aulacophora Morelet, from the
Bartonian French Eocene is similarly sculptured but more in-
equilateral and pointed posteriorly. The species also resembles
the C. sphenia Dall from the Chipola Miocene but is only half as
large.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence— Negritos formation,
Negritos.
Corbula boggsi n. sp. Plate 11, figs. 18, 20
Shell small, solid, inflated, with nearly central beaks and um-
bos, and similar sculpture on both valves ; the right valve is nearly
equilateral and somewhat larger than the left, its posterior side
carrying a short rostral carina and a slight emargination or fold
along the ventral margin; the left valve is inequilateral oblique
with a short posterior end, provided with a rostral angle and
truncated at its extremity; the anterior end is wide, with sloping
dorsal margin and rounded extremity; ventral margin flattened
or contracted; sculpture consists of 12 or more, subregular, con-
centric ribs or waves, absent from the umbos which are smooth;
the rostral area is smooth; interior concealed.
Length Smm.; height 6mm.; diameter 5.5mm.
;
.
‘~
¢
97 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FossILs 51
A smaller and shorter species than the preceding, recognized
by its oblique shell and fine sculpture. It is abundant in the hor-
izon of the Saman conglomerate,
Locality and Geologic Occurrence.— Saman formation,
Negritos.
Corbula salina n. sp. Plate 11, fig. 15
Shell small, irregular, strongly twisted or rostrate behind and
strongly sculptured with few, coarse, concentric ribs; right valve
sub-equilateral with nearly central beaks and wide umbos, a
rounded anterior end and a shorter, rostrate or pointed posterior
end; the right valve is slightly larger than the left, and with the
posterior portion of the ventral margin, widely overlapping the
left valve; the left valve is inequilateral, oblique, with the anter-
ior end very long and wide, and with a short, angled posterior
end; the rostral area is produced, somewhat twisted, concave
above ; the ventral margin is rounded that of the right valve wide-
ly embracing the left along the posterior side; sculpture consists
of 12 or 13, regular but somewhat wavy, concentric ribs, strong-
ly developed over the whole surface and they may continue across
the rostral area of the right valve; interior concealed.
Length 7.5mm.; height 4.5mm.; diameter 3.5mm,
Remarks.— This is a. small and common species in the Sa-
man conglomerate and may be recognized by its coarse, heavy
sculpture.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence Saman_ formation,
Negritos.
Corbula greda n. sp. Plate 11, figs. 13, 14
Shell, small, convex, elongate-ovate, widest about the anterior
portion, rostrate behind and delicately sculptured ; right valve in-
equilateral but with nearly central beaks and most strongly con-
vex about the anterior one-fourth; the posterior side is shorter,
rostrate, obliquely truncated but pointed and twisted at its ex-
tremity ; left valve is similar but smaller and slightly embraced by
the right valve, along the posterior ventral margin ; posterior por-
tion of each valve with a rostral angle or keel, strongest towards
the extremities; the surface is sculptured with fine regular con-
52 BULLETIN 52 98
centric threads or small ribs, similar on both valves ; interior con-
cealed.
Length 6.5mm.; height 4mm.; diameter 3.5mm.
Remarks—— A small delicately sculptured species common in
tie Upper Restin shales and sandstones at Jabonillal where it oc-
curs associated with Corbula parinasensis and jabonillensis. It
is the smallest species known from the Peruvian Tertiaries, the
largest specimens in our collection, measuring about 6 1-2mm.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence— estin formation,
Jabonillal
Corbula jabonillensis n. sp. Plate il; fies. ily) 12
Shell of medium size, thin, equivalve, elongate-ovate, convex,
strongly keeled; valves nearly similar in shape and sculpture,
the right valve slightly the larger; beaks slightly posterior to
the middle and with the greatest convexity about the center and
with a faint sinus or depressed band extending from the beaks
to the ventral margin; ventral and dorsal margins straight and
nearly parallel with a well-rounded anterior end and a pointed
and strongly keeled posterior end; the rostral angle is sharply
keeled, bordered above by a concave rostral area on each valve;
the sculpture consists of fine, sharp, regular, concentric threads,
similar over the whole shell; interior concealed.
Length 12mm.; height 7.75mm.; diameter 4.5mm.
This is a rare species from the Upper Restin of Jabonillal.
It is closely paralled in the recent fauna by C. probably bicarinata
Sby of the Peruvian coast, the two species being similarly
sculptured and with the rostral angle sharply keeled. In the
recent species, there is a second keel bordering the hinge margin
and enclosing a smooth, elongate, escutcheon-like area along the
hinge margin. In the Jabonillal shell, this part of the valve
has been destroyed by weathering.
Locahty and Geologic Occurrence—— Restin formation,
Jabonillal.
Corbula tangara n. sp. Plate 11, figs. 9, 10
Shell of medium size, solid, strongly inflated with a pointed
and somewhat twisted posterior end; both valves nearly equal in
size and strongly convex, the right valve developing a depressed
band or broad sinus towards the posterior ventral margin, which
99 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 53
more or less overlaps the ventral margin of the left valve; umbos
very wide, with very small, central and inconspicuous beaks ;
anterior end is broadly rounded and convex, with the dorsal and
ventral margins sloping to form the pointed and somewhat twist-
ed, and rostrate posterior end; the rostral angle is generally weak,
except towards the extreme posterior end; surface sculptured
similarly on both valves with 35 or more, fine, regular, concentric
ribs, which are generally lacking on the umbos; the sculpture of
the left valve is usually a little weaker and the ventral portion
of the shell may be nearly smooth; on the right valve, the sculp-
ture parellels the curve of the ventral margin; no lunule; interior
concealed.
Length 14mm.; height 9.5mm.; diameter 10.25mm.
This is a common species in the Saman rocks, recognized by
its very tumid or inflated shell. Both valves are sculptured
similarly with fine, concentric ribs which follow the contour of
the ventral margin of the valves.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence— Saman_ formation,
Casa Saman.
Section CUSPICORBULA nh. sec.
The following is a description of the Section Cuspicorbula
type C. busera n. sp.
Shell ovate, solid, both valves strongly and nearly equally
convex ; the posterior end is abruptly contracted or constricted
by a deep sinus, extending from the umbonal region, across the
ventral or basal margin; lunular area deep; sculpture consists
of strong, concentric ribs on the right valve, less heavy on the
left; hinge unknown.
Cerbula (Cuspicorbula) busera n. sp. Plate 11, figs. 5, 8
Shell small or medium-sized, solid, inflated, coarsely sculptured
and with the posterior extremity strongly contracted and rostrate ;
the anterior and central portion of the valves is strongly convex
‘or inflated, oblique, with a deep, wide, cordate lunular area in
front and below the beaks; the posterior end is strongly con-
tracted into a short, rostrate portion by a deep sinus, directed
towards the left from the central and anterior part of the shell,
and the general form of the shell is suggestive of a Cuspidaria;
the right valve is slightly larger than the left and less strongly
54 BULLETIN 952 100
sculptured ; sculpture of the right valve consists of about 10 or
12 coarse, concentric ribs, separated by wide interspaces, and
these ribs are continued across the posterior sinus to the posterior
extremity ; on the umbos, this sculpture is generally much finer ;
the sculpture of the left valve is similar to the right but finer ;
interior concealed.
Length 13mm.; height 9.5mm. ; diameter 9.25mm.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence.— Restin formation,
Restin.
Class GASTROPODA
Subclass STREPTONEURA
Order CTENOBRANCHIATA Schweigger
Superfamily PTENOGLOSSA Gray
Family EPITONIID Dall
Genus EPITONIUM Bolten
Subgenus ACRILLA
Epitonium (Acrilla) peruvianum n. sp. Plate 12, figs. 10, 12
Shell small, very slender and with numerous slowly tapering
whorls; the whorls are strongly convex and firmly united by
close sutures; varices are delicate, narrow, porcellaneous and
smooth, oblique to the general axis of the shell and inclined
down towards the right; the varices number about 18 on an
average size whorl, have no regular arrangement with
respect to the adjacent whorls, and only through coincidence on
certain specimens, do they appear continuous across the sutures
or from whorl to whorl; the intervarical spaces are much wider,
excavated or concave and usually darker in color than the varices
themselves; the intervarical spaces are finely sculptured with
fine, sub-microscopic spiral striae; a thin basal disc is present,
crossed by the varices to the umbilical region, and also sculp-
tured by the spiral striz; mouth circular, with a thin or weak
lip and a probably discontinuous peristome; umbilicus closed.
Length 14mm.; diameter 4.5mm.; (5 1-2 whorls)
Remarks All our specimens of this species are fragment-
ary, lacking the apical and apertural whorls. The shell is very
long or slender, with numerous, slowly tapering whorls. It is
finely sculptured with narrow, smooth and rounded varices and
101 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 55
the interspaces with fine, microscopic spiral striz. In exceptional
well-preserved specimens, the intervarical spaces may also show
fine, longitudinal lines, so that the resulting sculpture appears
minutely trellised or shagreened. In the Restin, the larger specimens of 4. nelsoni may
56 BULLETIN 52 102
resemble the present species, and it is evident on closer study
that A. nelsoni was probably the percursor of A. sullana. Con-
tinued evolution has resulted in the development of nearly
smooth whorls, a nodulated umbilical angle and a ridge or rib
on the umbilical wall.
The surface of the whorls appear generally smooth, but on
the better preserved parts of the shell, a faint indication of
spiral lines may usually be seen. The periphery is strongly
carnated in young shells, but in older individuals the peripheral
cords may become subobsolete, and the peripheral edge of the
whorls, more or less excavated and overhanging.
Localities and Geologic Occurrence.— Saman formation,
common throughout, but especially at Casa Saman and Paita;
Oligocene records will be given later.
Architectonica jabonillensis n. sp. Plate 12, figs. 6, 9
Shell small or medium sized, moderately elevated, and with
a rounded periphery; whorls about 6, generally flat or slightly
excavated; nucleus small, sinistral and immersed in the succeed-
ing whorls; the periphery of the whorls is rounded and with the
adjacent upper surface generally slightly excavated; upper sur-
face of whorls sculptured with beaded spiral threads or cords
which are strongest just in front of the sutures; the suture is
bordered in front or below by a wide but not strong, beaded,
spiral cord, and this in turn by 3, weaker beaded spirals, gradual-
ly diminishing in size, in a direction away from the suture; the
surface of the whorl above the suture is usually excavated and
ornamented simply by very fine spirals, either smooth or faintly
beaded, and a small cord generally borders the suture on the
posterior side; the lower surface of the last whorl is sculptured,
much like the anterior portion of the upper surface, with simple
spiral threads, increasing in size towards the umbilicus; the
umbilicus is wide and deep, the umbilical angle strongly
or subobsoletely modulated and the umbilical wall sculptured
with simple spirals, two of which are slightly larger than the
others, and which may represent the umbilical rib.
Greater diameter 19mm.; height 10mm.
Remarks.— This species is fairly abundant in the Upper
Restin sandstones and shales of Jabonillal, associated with A.
103 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 57
nelsoni Woods. From A. chirensis, this species differs by its
more rounded periphery and finer sculpture.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence.— Restin formation,
Jabonillal.
Architectonica chirznsis n. sp. Plate 12 figs. 13, 14
Shell small or medium-sized, slight to moderately elevated
spire with an angled or carinate periphery; whorls about 7, flat ;
nucleus small, sinistral, immersed; the periphery of the whorls
is angled and strongly carinated by a beaded and heavy spiral
cord; the sculpture of the upper surface of the whorls consists
of about 6, beaded, spiral threads, the two bordering the upper
suture and one on the lower suture being usually the strongest ;
the lower surface of the whorl carries about 6 spirals, the inner
ones near the umbilicus being the heaviest and strongly nodulated
or beaded, the others plain and smooth; the umbilical angle is
strongly nodulated.
Greater diameter 22mm.; height 10.5mm.
Remarks.— This species like A. sullana, begins in the Saman
Eocene and continues into the overlying Oligocene, the type
specimens being selected from the Chira formation of the Lower
Oligocene. Specimens from different localities show variation
in the strength and beading of the spiral cords. In some cases,
the beading is of limited development and part of the spirals
may be smooth, while in other examples the spirals are coarsely
beaded both on the lower and upper surface of the whorls.
Localities and Geologic Occurrence + Saman_ formation,
Casa Saman; Chira formation, Chira valley, loc. 168.
Family NATICID Forbes
Genus NATICA Scopoli
Subgenus NATICA s. s.
Natica (Natica) peruviana n. sp. Plate 13, figs. 6, 9, 10
Sheil small, generally white, with a smooth shell and form
such as typical of Natica s. s; diameter of shell] somewhat less
than the height with a large, inflated body-whorl, which is evenly
convex and widest just above the middle; whorls 4 1/2 to 5,
those of the spire convex or subangular midway between the
close sutures; a fairly distinct flattened band borders the lower
side of the upper suture, giving to the spire a more or less
58 BULLETIN 52 104
scalar aspect; the umbilicus is open, and provided with an in-
ternal rib; aperture, large, wide and semilunar, with a small
callus above on the body-whorl; surface smooth, the flattened
sutural band smooth but sometimes carrying very weak, oblique
undulations.
Diameter 10mm.; height 9mm.
Remarks.— This species is a true Natica, with an open
umbilicus furnished with an internal rib. The body-whorl is
large and inflated, and the form of the shell is that of a very
small N. canrena Linné, except that the flattened sutural band
is smooth or only faintly wrinkled.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence Restin formation,
Jabonillal; Saman formation, Horizon of the Saman conglomer-
ate, near Negritos.
Genus POLINICES Montfort
Subgenus POLINICES s. s.
Polinices (Polinices) woodsi n. sp. Plate 13, fig. 1
Natica (Naticina) sp. Woods, 1922, p. 77, pl. 6, fig. 9, pl. 7, fig. 1.
Shell rather large, solid, the height somewhat greater than
the width, with a large aperture and rather small, low spire;
whorls about 5, the last very large and forming the greater part
of the shell; the contour of the last whorl is convex but with a
tendancy towards flattening of the sides; umbilicus is wholly or
nearly closed with a large, heavy callus which spreads along the
parietal wall to the upper junction of the lip; the callus at its
junction with the lip is very heavy and usually ridged in direction
parallel to the rotation of the whorls; the umbilical region is
usually not wholly closed, leaving a small cleft at the lower edge
of the callus growth open; aperture semilunar, the outer lip thin
and sharp, oblique to the vertical axis of the shell; surface |
smooth, porcellaneous or marked simply by growth lines.
Height 37mm.; diameter 33mm.
33mm.; diameter 30.5mm.
Remarks.— This species is the first of a group of Polinices
which have continued through the Peruvian Tertiaries to the
present time. In the members of this series, the aperture is very
large, the spire small, the parietal callus is heavy and the sides
of the body-whorl are more or less distinctly flattened. The
105 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 59
umbilicus is wholly or partly closed by a heavy deposit of callus.
P. subangulata Nelson, from the Zorritos Miocene is very
similar to the Eocene species, and differs mainly in its some-
what lower spire and the last whorl is more strongly flattened.
In the recent Peruvian coastal fauna, an analagous species is the
P. alveatus Troschel, a fairly common shell on the beach at
Negritos and neighboring points. Strangely enough, this shell
has apparently escaped the attention of most collectors since
Tschudi obtained his specimens from an unknown locality along
the Peruvian coast. Tryon in his Manual seems inclined to
doubt Tschudi’s and Troschel’s record, and unites alveatus with
the common West Indian mammuilla Linné to which it is very
close. In alveatus the body-whorl is decidedly flattened and the
umbilical callus is less heavy and usually leaves the small funic-
ular umbilicus open. The younger shells have the umbilicus
more nearly closed, a condition reminiscent of the earlier fossil
shells.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence.— | Saman formation,
horizon of the Saman conglomerate near Negritos,.
Subgenus NEVERITA Risso
Polinices (Neverita) samanensis n. sp. Plate’ 13; figs, 4,5
Shell of medium size, low conic with the height somewhat
less than the diameter; whorls about 5, the last very large,
strongly convex, greatest about the lower half; spire moderately
elevated, the individual spire-whorls are slightly convex and
separated by distinct close sutures; the base of the shell is some-
what excavated; the umbilicus partly filled with a large callus,
which spreads up over the parietal wall, joining in a large,
heavy callus with the upper lip; aperture semilunar, with growth
lines.
Height 24mm.; diameter 25mm.
Locahty and Geologic Occurrence-— Saman formation,
Casa Saman.
Subgenus LUNATIA Gray
Polinices (Lunatia) vicanus n. sp. Plate is; figs: 7,8
Shell small, elevated, thin, with a rather high spire and a
small open umbilicus ; whorls about 5, the last rather large, mod-
erately convex and widest about the middle; the spire-whorls
are strongly convex in profile and slowly decreasing in size to
60 BULLETIN 52 106
form the small and plainly visible nucleus; the spire is elevated
and about one-third the height of the full shell; the upper part
of each whorl or a band just below the suture is flattened or
depressed, producing a scalar-like aspect to the spire profile;
umbilicus small, narrow and open; aperture somewhat more
than one-half the length of the shell, semilunar, the outer lip
simple and oblique ; the inner lip or columella is generally slightly
thickened or reflected, leaving the small umbilicus freely open;
surface smooth.
Diameter 7.75mm.
Remarks A small species, resembling somewhat a small
Ampullina but the plane of the outer lip is oblique to the axis
of the shell. From the Restin of Jabonillal.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence Restin formation,
Jabonillal. |
Subgenus SIGATICUS Meyer and Aldrich
Polinices (Sigaticus) harrisi n. sp. Plate 18, figs. 2, 3
Shell small, with a large body-whorl and a small spire; whorls
5 to 5 1/2, the last very large, convex and widest on the lower
half; the spire is short, erect and in size about one-quarter of
the height of the rest of the shell; surface is usually white,
porcellaneous and marked with fine, revolving lines; these lines
are, strongest on the zone bordering the upper suture and about
the umbilical region, and nearly lacking from a zone about the
middle; the umbilicus is nearly closed with a large, thick callus
which extends up along the parietal wall to the junction of the
outer lip, and at this point, usually carries a small sinus; aperture
semilunar, pointed above, rounded below; the outer lip is sharp
and in a plane oblique to the axis of the shell.
Height 13mm.; diameter 9.5mm.
Remarks.— The subgenus Sigaticus was erected by Meyer
and Aldrich’® with Sigaretus Bettgeri from the Upper Claiborne
of Mississippi as type, being the first species described. It differs
from the ordinary Natica and Polinices, by its fine, revolving
Sigaretus-like spiral lines. Dall considered Sigaticus, as a
synonym of Eunaticina Fischer, but it differs as Harris'* has
maintained by its heavier and typical Polinices-like shell. There
13Meyer and Aldrich, 1886, Journ. Cinn. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 9, p. 42.
14Harris, 1899, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol. 3, No. 11, pt. 2, p. 87.
107 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 61
are several species in the Eocene of the southern United States
and it is interesting to find it represented in the contemporaneous
vocks of Peru.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence.- Kestin formation,
Jabonillal.
Genus AMPULLINA Lamarck
Ampullina ortoni Gabb
Ampulling Ortont Gabb, 1870, Amer. Journ. Conelh., vol. 5, p. 25,
Euspira Ortoni Gabb, 1877, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila., 2nd series, vol.
8, pl. 35, fig. 3.
Ampullina paytensis Woods, 1922, p. 77, pl. 7, figs. 3, 4.
In 1870, Gabb published a short account of some ‘Tertiary
and Quaternary fossils collected separately by Orton and
Kamondi at Paita. These collections, on study, were found to
contain several recent West Coast species, together with a few
new and evidently extinct forms. This association of both
living and extinct species led Gabb to believe that the rocks
containing them were of Pliocene age, but he also noted that the
matrix covering the fossils was different, so that they might have
come from rocks of different ages. Field studies, at and near
Paita, have shown that Orton’s and Raimondi’s collections were
made from two formations of widely different ages. The recent
species and a number of the extinct forms are from the Tablazo
limestones of Pleistocene age, while Ampullina Ortoni and
Cerithium leviusculum, both species obtained by Professor
Orton, must have been collected from the Upper Eocene Saman
sandstones. In the western part of the town of Paita, these
two formations lie in juxtaposition, and overlap on the Amotape
slates of Pennsylvanian age, which form the coastline to the
west of the town.
The typical A. ortoni, as figured by Gabb and Woods, is a
fairly large species, the mature shell reaching a height of about
60 mm. The upper part of each whorl or along a zone bordering
the upper suture is flattened or depressed, but the resulting
shoulder of the whorl is rounded. Earlier varieties from the
Restin rocks are smaller, the flattening of the upper part of each
whorl is stronger and the shoulder of the whorl is more angled.
BULLETIN 52 108
for)
bo
Lunatia subhumerosa, described by C. A. White’, from the
Provincia de Sergipe 4nd Pernambuco, of eastern Brazil, is
probably an -Ampullina, and its figure resembles quite closely 4.
ortoni, but has a somewhat lower spire and a more inflated body-
whorl. l
Localities and Geologic Occurrence— Restin formation,
near Negritos, Jabonillal, ete; Saman formation, Lagunitas,
Casa Saman (common), Paita (common).
Ampullina gabbi Woods
Ampullina Gabbi Woods, 1922, p. 77, pl. 7, fig. 2a, 2b.
The only specimens, we have of this species are small in com-
parison to the type shell, described by Woods, and stated as
coming from the Negritos formation of Cabo Blanco. At Cabo
Blanco, the exposed rocks belong to the upper part of the Pale
Gredas and upward through the Cabo Blanco sandstones of
Parinas age, into the Restin and Saman. The exact age of the
type specimen is therefore not closely fixed.
The specimens in our collection are entirely from the Saman
formation. The shells are solid and heavy, and have a general
Naticoid appearance. The individual whorls are convex in
profile and with deep sutures. The surface of the whorls is
faintly to more strongly marked with revolving incised lines.
Spire erect. I
Localities and Geologic Occurrence.— Cabo Blanco (Woods
and Bosworth) ; Saman formation, Jabonillal, Casa Saman.
Superfamily TAXNIOGLOSSA Bouvier
Family CAPULID2 Cuvier
Family CALYPTRAA Lamark
Subgenus TROCHATELLA Lesson
Calyptrza (Trochatella) aperta Solander
Trochus apertus Sol., 1766, Foss. Hant., p. 9, figs. 1, 2.
Trochus opercularis Sol., idem, fig. 3.
Calyptrea trochiformis Lam., 1802, Ann. du Mus., vol. 1, p. 385, vol. 7,
pl. 15, figs. 3a, b, ¢, d.
Calpytrea trochiformis Deshayes 1824, Coq. Foss. Eny. Par., vol. 2, p. 30
pl. 4, figs. 1, 2, 3. i
Calyptrea trochiformis Dall, 1892, Trans. Wagner Free Inst., vol. 3 pt. 2,
p. 352. f
1 White, C. A., 1888, Contr. Pal. Brazil, Archivos do Museu Nacional do
Rio de Janeiro, vol. 7, p. 183, pl. 16, figs. 5, 6 and 7.
109 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 63
Calyptrea trochiformis Dall, 1915, Bull. 90, U. 8. Nat. Mus., p. 103.
Calptrea aperta Harris, 1897, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol. 2, No. 11, p. 84, pl.
11, figs. 13-16.
Caiyptrea aperta Cossmann and Pissarro 1910-1913, Leon. des coq. fos.
de 1’Hocene de Paris, pl.:12, fig. 73-h:
Natural to the sedentary habits, the shells of the species of
Calyptrea, and allied genera are extremely variable in form and
the discrimination between similarly sculptured species is very
difficult. Species of very similar aspect occur in the Tertiary
and recent faunas in most parts of the world and it is a question
whether these shells should be considered as strictly conspecific.
The reference of the Peruvian fossils to the Parisian C. aperta
Solander (C. trochiformis Larmack), is therefore made with cer-
tain hesitation. C. aperta has been recorded from the Wilcox
and Claibornian Eocene of the southern United States, the
Claiborne shell having been described by Conrad as C. urt:cosum.
Dall gives the range of C. trochiformis as extending from the
Eocene, through the Vicksburg Oligocene and into the Miocene.
C. (rochatella) ornata Bast. from the Aquitanien Miocene of
France, is also very similar to the Peruvian shells. The excel-
lent figures of Cossmann and Peyrot'® show a shell somewhat
larger than the Peruvian, but very similar in sculpture and other
features.
The Peruvian shells have generally a low spire, close sutures,
rapidly diminishing whorls and a wide, nearly circular, excavated
base. In the higher spired varieties, the whorls are more con-
vex, the sutures deeper and the whorls diminish more slowly in
size. The under surface of the shell is smooth, with a straight
lip such as characterizes the Subgenus Trochatella Lesson.
Localities and Geologic Occurrences Parinas formation,
Keswick Hills; Restin formation, Jabonillal.
Calyptrza saxosa n. sp. Plate 13, figs. 11, 12
Shell irregular, Crepidula-like, but with rapidly enlarging
whorls, deep sutures and an erect, pointed nucleus; general form
as best shown by the figures is elongate, so that a cross-section of
the base is broadly elliptical; whorls 2, 3, or more, the lower in-
flated and large but rapidly diminishing to a very small size on
the spire; spire small, erect, pointed and situated a short dis-
16Cossmann and Peyrot, 1909-1912, Conchologie Neogenique de 1’ Aquitaine,
p. 483, pl. 13, figs. 32-33, pl. 14, fig. 1
64 BULLETIN 52 110
tance back of the center; surface generally smooth but some-
times obscurely furrowed or folded in a spiral direction; inter-
nal characters not exposed. |
Length 30mm.; height 17mm.; diameter 20mm.
Remarks— From C. aperta, this species differs by its
smooth surface and more erect and higher shell and spire. Some
broken specimens have much the appearance of a Crepidula, ex-
cept that they have a definite spire and true whorls.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence—Saman formation, Casa
Saman.
Family TURRITELLID Gray
Genus TURRITELLA Lamarck
Turritella hopkinsi n. sp. Plate 14, fig. 2
Shell very long and slender, with slowly tapering, flat whorls
and strong spiral sculpture; whorls very numerous, flat or slight-
ly concave or constricted in a zone, approximately situated at the
lower edge of the upper one third of each spire-whorl; the up-
per suture is bordered below by an appressed belt, often resem-
bling a broad cord and generally over-run by fine spirals; below
this appressed band, the surface of the whorl is sculptured with
about 6, sharp, spiral threads or ridges, which steadily increase in
size towards the lower suture; the three lower spiral threads or
ridges are quite strong, the lowest situated in or just above the
lower suture ; the growth-lines are sinuous as typical of the genus,
with a shallow, wide, sinus, the apex of which is directed back-
wards and lies in the zone just below the upper sutural cord.
Length 32mm.; diameter 14.5mm.
The T. hopkinsi, is a species of the Salina formation, to which
it is probably restricted. It is usually quite common, but always
in a fragmentary condition, and the features of its earlier whorls
and the base, are not sufficiently well known for close characteri-
zation. From 7. bosworthi Woods, with which the species oc-
curs, it differs in its slow, gradual taper, and the full-grown, per-
fect shell must have been extremely long and slender. The strong
keel of T. bosworthi is lacking on the present shell and in addi-
tion the strong cord-like band about the upper suture will help in
its recognition.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence Salina formation, Ne-
gritos.
111 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 65
Turritella iddingsi n. sp. Plate 14, fis. 1
Shell very long and slender, with slowly tapering whorls and
a strong sutural cord, along the upper edge of each whorl;
whorls very numerous, flat, except for a strong cord closely
bordering the upper suture; below the sutural cord, there are 8
or 9, irregular spiral threads, and a fairly wide, concave zone,
just above the lower suture; growth-lines are heavy and raised,
straight and parallel to the axis of the shell on the lower part of
each spire-whorl, but developing a wide, shallow sinus at the
upper third; as the growth-lines cross the upper sutural cord,
they become more crowded, strongly oblique and give a rope-
like appearance to the sutural cord; fine spiral lines cover most
of the surface of the shell, and with the aid of the growth lines,
develop a trellised-like finer sculpture.
Length 40mm.; diameter 13mm.
Remarks.— Of the Peruvian Turritellas, this species re-
sembles 7. hopkinsi, most closely, both species having very nu-
merous whorls and a straight and very slender shell. In 7. hop-
kinsi the sutural cord is generally weak or simply a wide ap-
pressed band, while in 7. iddingsi, this structure is typically cord-
like and sculptured in a rope-like fashion, by the heavy and
strongly oblique growth-lines. The spirals on the rest of the
shell, are more numerous and of irregular distribution.
The T. iddingsi and restinensis, are guide fossils for the Restin
formation. As in the case of 7. hopkinsi, the long and slender
shell is not adapted for perfect preservation and usually only
fragments of 2 or 3 whorls can be collected.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence.— Restin formation, Ne-
gritos, Jabonillal, Restin, etc.
Turritella samanensis n. sp. Plate 14, figs. 3, 4, 6, 7, 8
Shell small or medium size, and when full-grown with whorls
closely sculptured with fine, spiral threads; individual spire-
whorls gently convex to nearly flat, with deep or close sutures ;
on the earlier spire-whorls, the sculpture usually consists of about
3, heavy spirals on the center of the whorl, bordered above by
three, finer spirals, and below by one or more fine spirals; on the
later whorls, the sculpture tends to be subregular with the major
spirals numbering 10 or more; the interspaces between the ma-
66 ; BULLETIN 52 112
jor spirals, generally have a fine spiral thread, together with still
finer or submicroscopic spirals; growth-lines not conspicuous,
the sinus relatively shallow.
Length 34mm.; diameter 10mm.
From the associated species, 7. samanensis is distinguished hy
its gentle, evenly convex whorls and nearly regular sculpture of
the later whorls. On young shells the sculpture is heavier ana
they differ from the young of 7. chira, in having 3 instead of 2
major spirals, and the whorls are convex and not subangular in
profile. The taper of the shell is also more gradual.
T. uvasana Conrad from the Tejon Eocene of California, is
quite similar to samanensis, but evidently is a larger and coarser
species. In the later Tertiaries, the type or group to which
samanensis belongs, is abundantly represented by numerous
species and includes such species as the 7. prenuncia Spieker of
the Zorritos Miocene.
Localities and Geologic Occurrence-—— Saman_ formation,
common throughout; Oligocene records to be given later.
Turritella chira n. sp. Plate 14, fig. 5
Shell larger than 7. samanensis, heavy and with subangular,
closely sculptured whorls; the form of the shell is moderately
short and stubby with a rapid taper; individual spire-whorls
strongly convex or subangular, widest about the lower third; the
sculpture consists of about 2 heavy, sharp spirals on the angular
portion of the lower third, with the slope above bearing 6 or
more finer spirals and still finer intercalated spiral threads; be-
low the 2 heavy, primary spirals, the sutural area is deeply
concave and usually smooth; on the early whorls, the sculpture
tends to be more regular and with a less number of spirals;
characters of the base not shown. .
Length 34mm.; diameter 13mm.
Remarks.— The above description applies to the typical
form of this species, in which the whorls are strongly subang-
ular in profile and with 2 major, sharp, keel-like spirals. Varietal
forms may have the whorls more smoothly convex, and the two
major spirals are less strong. The distinguishing characters
between this species and samanensis, with which it occurs at most
stations have been noted in the discussion of that species.
113 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 67
Localities and Geologic Occurrence-— Saman_ formation,
throughout, also abundant in the Peruvian Oligocene.
Turritella boughtoni n. sp. Plate 14, figs. 9, 10
Shell of medium size, with straight flat whorls, slightly over-
hanging the lower sutures ; taper of the shell is at first very grad-
ual, but becomes more rapid on the later whorls; the individual
whorls are flat, but the later ones of the full-grown shell, slight-
ly overhang the lower sutures, due to the development of a
heavy sutural cord; on the early whorls of the spire, the sculp-
ture consists of two major spirals adjacent to the lower suture
and with 4 fine spirals on the portion of the whorl above; on
the later whorls, the lower of the major spirals increases more
rapidly in size, than the others and eventually developes into a
heavy, striated sutural or peripheral cord; the upper of the two
major spirals remains small or becomes double in size, and about
equal to the spirals above; all the spirals, except the peripheral
cord are typically, finely beaded; the peripheral cord is heavily
striated with spiral lines; base of last whorl is flattish or slightly
convex and with 4 or 5 fine spirals.
Length 45mm.; diameter 13.5mm.
Remarks.— This species is well characterized by its straight
whorls, heavy peripheral and sutural cord and fine beading of
its upper spirals.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence. Saman formation,
Casa Saman.
Turritella keswickensis n. sp. Plate 14) fiess ii 13
Shell small with nearly straight whorls and strong spiral sculp-
ture; sutures distinct and generally lying near the lower side
of a deep sutural zone; on the early whorls, the spiral sculpture
consists of 3 or 4 cords, slightly heavier below ; additional spirals
appear on the later whorls, the primary cords increasing to 6 or
more, with smaller secondaries in between; fine secondaries
cover the whole shell including the sutural zone; the spirals ap-
pear faintly beaded; base broken or encrusted with rock.
Length 23mm.; diameter 8mm.
68 BULLETIN 52 114
Remarks—— This is a small species quite common in the
Parinas sandstones. It is possibly the forerunner of Twurritella
boughtoni or of the series which finally led to the development of
the Zurritella altilira stock in the Miocene. The whorls are typ-
ically flat with the spirals finely beaded.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence— Parinas formation,
Keswick Hills.
Family CERITHIID Menke
Genus CERITHIUM Brug. sensu’ lato
Cerithium hopkinsi n. sp. Plate 16, fig. 1
Shell large, heavy and rather slender or elongate; whorls 6
or more, strongly shouldered on the upper fourth; above the
shoulder and between it and the suture, the surface of the whorl
is contracted or irregularly flattened or undulated; the sutures
are close and somewhat appressed ; below the shoulder, the whorl
is nearly flat or very slightly convex, and the surface faintly un-
dulated, as if to form, low and subobsolete ribs; on the lower
half of the later spire-whorl, there are 3 or more, widely spaced
spiral cords or ridges, the lowest and heaviest, covered by the
close sutures and only appearing on the base of the last whorl;
the inner lip or columellar area appear to have been strongly
thickened ; outer lip broken.
Length 134mm.; diameter 47mm.
Remarks.— This is a large, heavy shell with strongly angled
or shouldered whorls. The surface appears to have been gen-
erally smooth with subobsolete rib-like waves and the lower half
of the last whorl with strong, cord-like spirals.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence— estin formation,
Que. Botija.
Cerithium iddingsi n. sp. Plate 15, fig. 4
Shell large, heavy and very slender; whorls were probably
very numerous, but only three are preserved on the type speci-
men; they are slightly convex in profile with close and more or
less appressed sutures ; the earliest whorl preserved, has about 8,
moderately heavy, knob-like ribs, sometimes with lower and sub-
obsolete curved ribs in between; the ribs are bordered above by —
a deeper, concave sutural area, which is striated with 5 or © spiral
115 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 69
threads; on the two following whorls, the knob-like character
of the earlier ribs have disappeared and the surface is sculp-
tured with numerous curved riblets which number about 24 on
the last whorl; they, are subobsolete in character on the surface
of the whorl adjacent to the upper suture; the ribs continue
across the base of the shell to the columellar region; the upper
sutural areas is striated with 5 or 6 spiral lines, as found on the
earlier whorls and 4 or 5 heavy, spiral cords encircle the base of
the shell; growth lines curved and following the general trend of
the sculpture ; apertural and columellar characters not preserved.
Length 91mm.; diameter 44mm.
Remarks.— The type of this interesting species is a frag-
mentary specimen of about 3 whorls. When perfect, the shell
was probably quite slender, and the earlier whorls sculptured
with more or less knob-like ribs, which become on the later
whorls, more numerous, strongly curved and ripple-like. The
aperture and columellar portion of the shell is unfortunately not
preserved so that the relationship of the species must remain in
doubt until better specimens are discovered.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence-—— Pale Greda formation,
two miles east of Negritos.
Cerithium boweni n. sp. Plate 15, fig. 1
Shell large, heavy, subelongate; whorls straight, coronated
above with a rather heavy, wide ridge; which is strongly exca-
vated above by a deep sutural groove; longitudinal sculpture con-
sists of about 14, faint ribs, strongest on the middle of the whorl
but fading out both above and below; the upper edge of each
whorl carries a wide band or ridge, and below this structure about
5 heavy, spiral ridges separated by deep, wide grooves; on the
center of the whorl surface, these spiral ridges are undulated by
the longitudinal ribs; 3 or more additional but plain spiral ridges
encircle the base of the last whorl; aperture and columella not
preserved.
Length 75mm.; diameter 53mm.; fragmentary specimen.
Remarks.— The two specimens in our collection are frag-
mentary and show only two whorls, but the sculpture is so char-
acteristic that no difficulty will be had in the future identification
of the species. The longitudinal ribs are somewhat variable in
size and apparently increase in number on older shells.
70 BULLETIN 52 116
Locality and Geologic Occurrence.— Pale Greda formation,
Restin.
Cerithium xenium n. sp. Plate 16, fig. 6
Shell large, heavy and very slender; whorls numerous, the
earlier ones nearly flat, but the later ones becoming strongly
angled about the middle and the surface of the whorl above,
more or less strongly concave, or sloping towards the upper
sutures; sutures close, sometimes impressed; the surface is
smooth, except for the slightly, bowed or curved growth-lines ;
the base of the lower whorl has a slight indication of an encircling
ridge, above which there is sometimes to be seen, faint spirals or
ridges ; aperture broken.
Length 80mm.; diameter 31.5mm.; 5 whorls
Remarks.— A very slender, smooth species, the later whorls
developing a shoulder and a concave sutural area, such as found
amongst the Turride. It is a species of the Restin formation.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence.— Restin formation, Ja-
bonillal.
Genus TELESCOPIUM Montfort
Telescopium parinense n. sp. Plate 17, fig. 4
Shell Turritelloid, with straight sides and a rapid taper ; whorls
8+, with very close, indistinct sutures; sculpture consists of a
wide, but not prominent cord bordering the upper suture and be-
low this with 6 additional but narrower spiral ridges; the periph-
ery of the last whorl is angled or keeled and carries the lowest of
the 6 spirals described above, and which on the spire-whorls lies
just above the lower suture; below the periphery, the base of the
last whorl has a wide groove, edged anteriorly by a double spiral,
but leaving the rest of the base smooth; growth lines strongly
sinuous and recalling those of Glauconia; there is a wide and
moderately deep sinus like that of Turritella, on the upper sur-
face of the whorl, and another deep sinus is found on the base,
midway between the periphery of the whorl and the columella;
inner lip somewhat calloused above, but broken below on our
specimens so that the presence or absence of a columella plica-
tion cannot be established.
Length 39mm.;. diameter 19mm.; (type)
27mm.; diameter 20.5mm.; (1 1-2 whorls)
117 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 71
Remarks.— In form and general features, this species re-
sembles very closely the Telescopium fuscum Chemnitz, a recent
species inhabiting the salt marshes at the mouth of certain East
Indian rivers, and the type of the genus Telescopium.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence.— Parinas formation,
Keswick Hills.
Telescopium? samanense n. sp. Plate 15, figs. 2, 3
Shell large, heavy, subelongate; whorls 6 plus, generally flat-
sided with straight, close sutures and each spire-whorl averaging
in height about one-third their width; the periphery of the last
whorl is angular and with the base strongly flattened and lying
in a plane almost at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the
shell; longitudinal sculpture consists of about 1o straight ribs
with very wide, shallow but concave interspaces; these ribs gen-
erally pass from suture to suture, sometimes in line with each oth-
er across the spire-whorls, or more or less off-set; the periphery
of the last whorl is angular and carries two spiral ridges, below
which the longitudinal ribs do not pass; the flattened base is
smooth; columella apparently a little twisted, smooth and without
any columellar plication; lip broken.
Length 68mm.; diameter 33mm.
Remarks.— This species and an allied form, described by
Woods from Lagunitas as Telescopium peruvianum, form a
group of species very characteristic of the Peruvian Upper Eo-
cene rocks. They evidently belong to the Potamidine, although
always clearly associated with a truly marine fauna. They differ
from typical Telescopiuwm by their heavier shell and strong long-
itudinal sculpture, but until specimens are obtained with the
aperture more perfectly preserved, their true relationship can-
not be determined.
Locality and Geologic Occurrence— Saman_ formation,
Casa Saman.
Family STROMBIDZ Swainson
Genus ECTINOCHILUS Cossmann
Ectinochilus gaudichaudi d’Orbigny, 1842, Platesi6s hes. 3. 4. 5. 7
’
Rostellaria gaudichaudi d’Orbigny, 1842, Voyage dans 1’Amerique me-
ridionale, Paleontologie, p. 116, pl. 14, figs. 6, 7, 8.
Dientomochilus (Ectinochilus) sp. ef. laqueata (Conrad) Woods, 1922, p.
92, pl. 12, figs. 3a, 3b.
72 BULLETIN 52 118
E. gaudichaudi, was the first fossil described from the true
Tertiary rocks of northern Peru. It was originally collected by
Orbigny, during his visit to Paita, together with several Pleisto-
cene shells, obtained from the tablazo rocks, exposed in the high
sea-cliffs to the east of the town. He described the original
specimen as an imprint in a “friable, greenish-yellow Tertiary
rock”. The origin of this specimen is clearly from the outcrop
of the Paita Saman sandstones or in a boulder from the same
source.
Woods compared his specimens from the upper Saman sand-
stones of Casa Saman (10 miles W. N. W. of Sullana), with
D. (FE) laqueata Conrad™ from the Claibornian of Alabama.
In typical /aqweata, the anterior canal is strongly curved upwards
and backwards, the siphonal fasciole is large, but more confined
so that the anterior extremity is only obliquely truncated. The
sculpture consists of fine, longitudinal ribs or waves, which
occur in a subobsolete manner over most of the surface, but
usually lacking in the larger specimens from the ventral side of
the last whorl. The posterior canal has more limited develope-
ment, it may extend to the tip of the spire in young shells, but
in mature forms it is usually continued only about one-half the
whorl width, above the upper suture of the penultimate whorl.
E. gaudichaudi, is typically a rather slender species, with nearly
smooth whorls, the anterior siphonal sinus is wide; the posterior
canal is strongly developed, extending clear to the tip of the
spire and often continues down the other side as in the type
species, F. canalis Lamarck.
Typical FE. gaudichaudi, is probably confined to the Upper
Saman, and reaches a total length of nearly 30 mm. A smaller
and more strongly sculptured form, probably a variety of
gaudichaudi occurs in the basal Saman, or in the horizon of the
Saman conglomerate. It differs from true gaudichaudi, in its
smaller size (length 21 mm.), the spire-whorls are sculptured
with fairly strong ribs, which appear continued across the sutures
of the earlier whorls, but lacking from the last or body-whorl. The
last whorl is often impressed in a Strombina-like manner on the
right side, and the canal and the lower part of the whorl is
strongly sculptured with even spirals . The posterior canal is
17Conrad 1833, Foss. Shells Tert. Formations, p. 41, pl. 15, fig. 4.
119 OLSSON: PERUVIAN FOSSILS 73
strongly developed, extending to the apex of the spire and down
the opposite side. To distinguish this form, from typical
gaudichaudi, the varietal name of alauda is here proposed.
Length 27mm.; diameter 1lmm.; typical gaudichaudi
21mm.; diameter 9mm.; variety alauda
Localities and Geologic Occurrence.— | Saman formation, Casa
Saman and Paita (gaudichaudi), the horizon of the Saman con-
glomerate at Negritos (var. alauda.).
Genus CALYTRAPHORUS Conrad
Subgenus AULACODISCUS H. Douvillé
Calytraphorus (Aulacodiscus) lissoni H. Douvillé, Plate 18, figs. 1, 4
Aulacodiscus lissoni H. Douville, 1921, Compte Rendu somm. Soe. geol.
France, No. 14, p. 193, 194, figs. 1-3.
This very singular fossil was described by H. Douvillé from
specimens sent to him from Senor M. Lisson of Lima, as a new
subgenus of Calyptraphorus Conrad. The mature Summia ny Spy se 45
Holotype, height 44mm.
Pale Greda formation, Restin
Spisula (Spisula)) ‘summa n. Sp.0 eee 45
Cotype, height 42mm.
Pale Greda formation, Restin
Spisula (Oxyperas) deserta n. sp. -
Cotype, height 24mm.
Saman formation, Caleta Sal
Pr. 15, VoL. 14 Buy. AMER. PAL. No. 52, Pr. 16
ape COLD UL ARS AEM aeM esas cc eee re ee
Cotype, length 7.5mm.
Saman formation, Negritos
SIS Oa CO OE UA UEN cA Oe > MeN R SDS a ee ee 8 ee ee,
Holotype, length 8mm.
Saman formation, Negritos
eto CorbiulabOgesi Nn. SPs 2
, Cotype, length 8mm.
: Saman formation, Negritos
e209 Corbula beeesion. sp. 8)
: Cotype, length 8mm.
Saman formation, Negritos
51
50
124 BULLETIN 52 170
Explanation of Plate 11
Figure Page
1 .Cardium (Ringicardium) restinense n. sp. ~~~ 31
Holotype, natural size
Restin formation, Restin
2. Cardium (Trigoniocardia) samanicum n. sp. -—-----. S82
Holotype, nearly natural size
Saman formation, Casa Saman
3. \Corbula. negritensisin.sp; 22 eee 50
Cotype, length 11mm. :
Negritos formation, Negritos
4. Corbula negritensis n. sp. ~~ Jae bi = (50
Holotype, length 11mm.
Negritos formation, Negritos
5. Corbula (Cuspicorbula) busera n. sp. — ~~ Pree 53
Cotype, length 11.5mm.
Restin formation, Restin
6. Corbula (Cuspicorbula) busera n. sp. -
Cotype, length 10mm.
Restin formation, Restin
Te 1Corbulay(Cuspicorbula) ebuseray nes ps 53
Same specimen as last
Restin formation, Restin
8. Corbula (Cuspicorbula) busera n. sp.
Holotype, length 10.5mm.
Restin formation, Restin
9. Corbula tangara n. sp.
Holotype, length 14mm.
Saman formation, Casa Saman
10. Corbula tangara n. sp.
Cotype, length about 138mm.
Saman formation, Casa Saman
11, Corbula jjabonillznsisimtosps | 22222 ee eee 52
Holotype, length about 12mm.
Restin formation, Jabonillal
12:\. Corbula jabonillzensisn:) Spiy Sa ee ee ee
Cotype, length 12mm.
Restin formation Jabonillal
13. Corbula greda n. sp. | (oor he ENGL aS a ee 51
Holotype, length 6.5mm.
Restin formation Jabonillal
14, . -Corbala:‘etedia Ni. Sp: 222 2 51
Cotype, length 6.5mm.
Restin formation Jabonillal
V5 .,:' Gob wl ay sea rea sa 5 pe ys I aaa ca
Holotype, length 6.5mm.
Saman formation, Negritos
16; ~Corbulasaliniat ni: isp. 222 es ee ee eee ese (si!
Cotype, length 7mm.
Saman formation, Negritos
No. §2, Px. 11
Buy. AMER. Pat.
PL. 16, VoL. 14
TG
aie
)
Sy
eps fire '
126
BULLETIN 52 Vy?
Explanation of Plate 12
Figure Page
10.
Mal,
12.
13.
14.
Architectonica, sullanagn. ss?) 55
Holotype, nearly actual size
Saman formation, Casa Saman
Aechitect Omi cays ullllicann ayy tS poy eee eee ee ees ne SC)
Cotype, ventral view showing the carinate umbilical angle
Saman formation, Casa Saman
Architectonica nelsoni Woods —_... Se Gye}
Ventral view, note the simple umbilical angle, diameter 10.5mm.
Restin formation, Jabonillal
ATChitecbOniGay MeELSOT DVViOO Cisy eee aaa 56
Ventral view, diameter 19.5mm.
Restin formation, Jabonillal
Arcnitectonica nelsoni Woods _.....-_--_--— Lee OO
Dorsal view diameter 18.5mm.
Restin formation, Jabonillal
Architectonica jabonillensis n. sp. CC
Holotype, diameter 17mm.
Restin formation, Jabonillal
Architectonica jabonillensis n. sp. = = - Oe
Cotype, diameter 17mm.
Restin formation, Jabonillal
Architectonica jabonillensis n. sp. SA a 56
Cotype, diameter 16mm.
Restin formation, Jabonillal
Architectonica jabonillensis n. sp. wi ie Ae nollie a 56
Cotype, diameter 17.5mm.
Restin formation, Jabonillal
Kpitonium (Aecrilla) peruvianum n. sp... 54
Holotype
Saman formation, Saman congl., near Negritos
Kpitonium (Acrilla) peruvianum n. sp.
Cotype
Saman congl., near Negritos
Epitonium (Acrilla) peruvianum n.-sp. 54
Cotype
Saman congl., near Negritos
Architectonica chirznsis n. sp.
Holotype, diameter 21.5mm.
Chira formation, near Casa Saman
AO WECOUIGA GPa TM, G5 57
Cotype, diameter 20.5mm.
Chira formation, near Casa Saman
Pies Viol. L4, Bui. AMER. PAL. None) etek
128
BULLETIN 52 174
Explanation of Plate 13
Figure Page
1.
10.
11.
12.
Polinices (Polinices) woodsi n. sp. — —- —.— ~~. 58
Holotype, diameter 33mm.
Saman formation, Negritos
Polinices (Sigaticus) harrisi n. sp... SCt*é«~SOD
Cotype, diameter 12mm.
Restin formation, Jabonillal
Polinices (Sigaticus) harrisi n. sp. eS ee ee es 60
Holotype, diameter 9.5mm. :
Restin formation, Jabonillal
Polinices (Neverita) samanensis n. sp. —- sy)
Holotype, diameter 25mm.
Saman, formation, Casa Saman
Polinices (Neverita) samanensis n. sp. _ 59
Cotype, diameter 21mm.
Saman formation, Casa Saman
Natica (Natica) peruviana n. sp. femme Se 57
Cotype, diameter 6mm.
Saman formation, Negritos
Polinices (Lunatia) vicanus n. sp. — —. ee CtC*SSD
Holotype, diameter 7.75mm.
Restin formation, Jabonillal
Polinices (Lunatia) vicanus n. sp. a eee eee a 59
Cotype, diameter 7mm.
Restin formation, Jabonillal
INaticars (NatiCa)) po er uival ana cara 0 oe _ bie
Holotype, diameter 10mm.
Saman formation, Negritos :
Natica) (Natica). peruviana) my isp) 283 eee 57
Cotype, diameter 10mm.
Saman formation, Negritos
Calytrea: ‘saxosal mi.vispe (0 sei te ten i i ei ee 63
Holotype, length 30mm.
Saman formation, Casa Saman
Calytrea saxosain.sps 28s ks ae eee hae 63
No: 52, Pr.-13
BuLy. AMER. PAL.
PL. 18, VoL. 14
130 BULLETIN 52 176
Explanation of Plate 14
Figure Page
1. Turritella iddingsi n. sp. - ~ Rigi WN ie ae ee
Holotype, length of Feyannrerahiaeny specimen 40mm.
Restin formation, Negritos
2... Turitellathopkinsimn. (spo 22) ee 64
Holotype, length of fraementary specimen 32mm.
Salina eoemenion! Negritos
eee 2105)
3. Turritella samanensis n. sp. —— Pa SIE Si Ml att re OE
Holotype, length 31.5mm.
Saman formation, Casa Saman
4.) urritella samanensis nS, 2 ee eee 65
Cotype, fragmentary specimen to show sculpture of earlier
spire-whorls, length 20mm.
Saman formation, Casa Saman
52) Burritella: chiran. spo ee ee ee ee 66
Holotype, length 34mm.
Saman formation, Casa Saman
63. Lurritellavsamanensis, n.7spipe eee Eee 65
Fragmentary specimen, length 24mm.
Saman formation, Casa Saman
7. Turritella samanensis n. sp.
Cotype, length 34mm.
Saman formation, Casa Saman
8. “Lurritella) isamanensis ny Spi -5 2 65
Fragmentary specimen to show early sculpture, length 20. mm.
Saman formation, Casa Saman
9. Turritella boughtoni n. sp. —_— aang ye Meee ee eid ates de
Holotype, length 45.5mm.
Saman formation, Casa Saman
10. Turritella boughtoni n. sp. —— pair tease women Se Gi
Cotype, length of fragmentary § specimen 24mm.
Saman formation, Casa Saman
11... Turritella /keswickensis-n. sp. 22° 22S) ee eon
Holotype, length 21mm.
Parinas formation, Keswick Hills
12. Turritella keswickensis n. sp. een Gf
Cotype, length 17.5mm.
Parinas formation, Keswick Hills
No. 52, PL. 14
BuLvi. AMER. PAL.
PL. 19, VoL. 14
TUT .
ANN
wy}.
WT} \ \\ FS
IN AA
sence. XS a WC
my is "
nk
heal
132 BULLETIN 52
Explanation of Plate 15
178
Figure Page
tt: Gerithiums bowen ons spy oe ee ee
Holotype, diameter 54mm.
Pale Greda formation, Restin
2. Telescopium? samanense n. sp. —-.-..-----—-—--------- oie ee
Cotype, fragmentary specimen, diameter 28mm.
Saman formation, Lagunitas sandstones, Lagunitas
’
3. Telescopium? samanense Nn. sp. —-—----—----.--------------------
Holotype, diameter 33, length 68
Saman formation, Saman ss, Casa Saman
4. Cerithium iddingsi n. sp.
Holotype, length 91mm.
Pale Greda formation, Negritos
fil
INos 52, Pr. 15
Buti. AMER. PAL.
PL. 20, VoL. 14
134 BULLETIN 52 180
Explanation of Plate 16
Figure Page
tt. -Gerithium: ‘hopkinsi: n.sp 2 ee 68
Holotype, length 134mm.
Restin formation, Que. Botija
o0 “Cy przea: DOSesi N.S Di 74
Holotype, length or greater diameter 36mm.
Saman formation, Saman congl., near Negritos.
3. Ectinochilus gaudichaudi var. alauda n. var. _------_---_--.-- Til
Holotype, length 21mm.
Saman formation, Saman congl., near Negritos.
4, Eetinochilus gaudichaudi var. aluda n. var. —_ Lira
Cotype, length 20mm.
Saman formation, Saman congl., near Negritos. ;
5. Ectinochilus gaudichaudi d’Orbigny se 71
Type form, length 27mm.
Saman formation, Saman ss. of Casa Saman.
62) Cerithvuam sx SNL Te Sp a a ee 70
Holotype, length 80mm.
Restin formation, Jabonillal.
(eB ctinochilusi aud Le hra wai cde Oro ora yee 71
Typical form, length 28.5mm.
Samas ss. of Casa Saman.
8. Voluta (Peruluta) peruviana var. samanica n. var. ees 91
Apical view showing complete covering of summit with callus,
Diameter 31mm.
No. 52, Px. 16
BuLL. AMER. PAL.
PL. 21, VoL. 14
136
BULLETIN 52
Explanation of Plate 17
Figure
roa
bo
=
10.
Lilo
Melongena (Cornulina) levifusoides n. sp. —.._
Holotype, height 35mm.
Saman formation, Casa Saman.
Melongena (Pugilina) edicnema n. sp. —-_______
Holotype, height 39mm.
Saman formation, Casa Saman.
Pyrula otaria n. sp. ae Resteee deg eeetltaletertaale
Page
ee eG
Holotype, height of FrESGMaINy igpecimen 20mm.
Saman formation, Saman congl., near Negritos.
Telescopium parinense n. sp. -----
Holotype, length of height 39mm.
Parinas formation, Keswick Hills.
Cassid ealeamna’ cor nial kiya Se
Holotype, ventral view, length 26mm.
Saman formation, Saman congl., near Lagunitas.
Cassideamaccornmacksin ness. eee
Dorsal view of same specimen.
Lyriay Sabulosay sins, Sys se 8 ee eee
Cotype, fragmentary specimen.
Saman congl., near Negritos.
ibyriay sabulosa, cms iss eee ee
Holotype, length or height 37mm.
Saman formation, Saman congl., near Negritos.
Sconsiar SamaniliGa) alin pee eee
Holotype, dorsal view, height 28.5mm.
Saman formation, Saman congl., near Negritos.
Sconsia? Samanica n. spy = 222 2 Sa ae
Holotype, ventral view, height 28. 5mm.
Saman formation, Negritos.
Tritonidea staufti n. sp. —..-_. ase Re ee
._ Holotype, height 28mm.
Saman formation, Casa Saman.
PL. 22, VoL. 14 Bui. AMER. PAL. No. 52, Px. 17
on
a gh,
138 BULLETIN 52
Explanation of Plate 18
Figure
1. Calyptraphorus (Aulacodiscus) lissoni H. Douvillé
bo
10.
ial.
12:
13.
14.
15.
Ventral view, greater diameter 30mm.
Negritos formation, Negritos.
Calyptraphorus (Aulacodiscus) lissoni H. Douvillé
Right lateral view, lesser diameter 16.5mm.
Negritos formation, Negritos.
Calyptrapherus (Aulacediscus) lissoni H. Douvillé —
Dorsal view of same specimen as fig. 1.
Calyptraphorus (Aulacodiscus) lissoni H. Douvillé
Ventral view of an immature specimen
Negritos formation, Negritos.
Dorsanum parinense n. sp. ————. — ——-— SF Ke St
Dorsal view of holotype, height Pome
Parinas formation, Keswick Hills.
Dorsanum parinense n. sp. -—
Ventral view of Cotype, height (Onn
Parinas formation, Keswick Hills.
Pseudoliva modesta n. sp. fiery koe
Dorsal view of holotype, length 25.75mm.
Saman formation, Saman congl., near Negritos.
Olivancillaria. (Agaronia) saxosa n. sp. --— _—
Holotype, height 45mm.
Saman formation, Saman congl., near Lagunitas.
Olivancillaria (Agaronia) saxosa n. sp. — _ —
Fragmentary specimen, height 32mm.
Saman congl., near Lagunitas.
Pseudobiva: mom il ise ssp oe ia a ae oe
Holotype, height 14mm.
Parinas formation, Keswick Hills.
Olivella::vicana, nsps 2 ee eee
Holotype, height 16mm.
Restin formation, Jabonillal.
Olivella. ‘vicanacn.-sp\ == ee ee
Cotype.
Restin formation, Jabonillal.
Alectrion.; Salina: ns. Sp52)22 2280s 5 ee eee
Holotype.
Saman formation, Saman congl., near Negritos.
Alectrion terebratula n. sp. egies ee Sec
Holotype.
Saman formation, Saman congl., near Negritos.
Alectrion terebratulayens tsp. een eee
Cotype.
Saman congl., near Negritos.
eee
73
73
73
83
83
79
94
94
79
PL. 23, VoL. 14 Buti. AMER. PAL. Wo. 52, Px. 18
eye dee ee. ee eee er
140 BULLETIN 52 186
Explanation of Plate 19
Figure Page
1 Pseudoliva parinasensis var. samanica n. var. —_— 77
Dorsal view of a large specimen, natural size.
Saman formation, Casa Saman.
2. Pseudoliva parinasensis var. samanica n. var. — Sea (7
Holotype, apical view, natural size.
Casa Saman.
3. Pseudoliva parinasensis var. samanica n. var. _ =e 77
Holotype, ventral view, natural size.
Casa Saman.
4. Pseudoliva parinasensis var. mancorensis n. var.
Holotype, dorsal view, natural size.
Mancora formation, Que. Charinal.
78
or
Pseudoliva parinasensis var. mancorensis n. var.
Cotype, apical view, natural size.
Mancora formation, Que. Charanal.
for)
Pseudoliva parinasensis var. mancorensis n. var. _ ~
Cotype, ventral view, natural size.
Mancora formation, Que. Charanal.
PL. 24, VoL. 14 Bui. AMER. PAL. No. 52, PL. 19
142 BULLETIN 52 1ss
Explanation of Plate 20
Figure Page
1. Pseudoliva mutabilis var. douvilléi n. var. SS ti«~L
Holotype, about natural size.
Restin formation, Pozo Valley on east side of Keswick Hills.
2: Haminea,solaria: n:. spy). eee 95
Holotype, diameter 59mm.
Restin formation, Balcones Point.
3. Ovula neeritensis: n: spi) 2 ———————————ee 74
Holotype, height 37mm.
Saman formation, Saman congl., near Negritos.
4.) Haminea: ‘sollartay ns, spy 2 ee 95
Apical view of holotype, diameter 59mm.
5. Pseudoliva mutabilis var. woodsi n. var. Mo sient: sie 80
Dorsal view of holotype, about natural size.
Salina formation, Negritos.
6s. Haminea: ‘labrea: in. sp. 2222 eee ee 95
Ventral view of holotype, diameter 34mm.
Negritos formation, La Brea.
Pr. 25, Vox. 14 Bui. AMER. PAL. No..52, PL. 20
144
BULLETIN 52 190
Explanation of Plate 21
Figure Page
IL,
Clavilithes ‘woodringi a ea mnie feta of the Genera Siphogenerina and Pav-
onia. Proce. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 67, art. 25, pp. 1-24, pls. 1-6, 1926.
Loree non The Foraminifera of the Velasco Shale of the Tam-
pico ‘Embayment, Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., vol. 10, No. 6, pp.
581-612, pls. 15-21, 1926.
nee Some Fossil Bolivinas from Mexico, Cont. Cush. Lab.
Foram. Res., vol. i pt. 3, pp. 62-60) pl 10; 1925.
= A Peculiar ES, from Mexico and Trinidad,
Cont. Cush. Lab. Foram. Res., vol. 1, pt. 4, pp. 88-89, pl. 13, 1926.
28 Some Foraminifera om the Mendez Shale of BEN
ern Mexico. Cont. Cush. Lab. Res Se vOle 2) pba Ly pps 6-27, plsse25 7c,
1926.
eens et ee et New and Interesting Foraminifera from Mexico and
Texas. Cont. Cush. Lab. Foram. Res., vol. 3, pt. 2, pp. 111-119, pls.
22, 23, 1927.
ee eee ene Foraminifera of the Genus Siphonina and Related
Genera. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 72, art. 20, pp. 1-15, pls. 1-4, 1927.
22 Pa See Some Notes on the Genus Ceratobulimina. Cont.
Cush. Lab. Foram. Res., vol. 3, pt. 4, pp. 171-179, pls. 29, 30, 1927.
Douvillé, H. Les Orbitoides de la région petrolifére du Mexique.
France, Soe. géol. Compte rend. som., séance, 21 féve. p. 34, 1927.
Galloway, J. J. Notes on the Genus Polylepidina and a New Species,
Jour. of Pal., vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 299-304, pl. 51, 1928.
Vaughan, T. W. American and European Tertiary Larger Foramin-
ifera. Bull. Geol. Soc. of Am., vol. 35, pp. 785-822. pls. 30-36, 1924.
225 CoLE: MEXICAN FORAMS. 25
PLATES 1-4
Note: Unless otherwise stated under the description of the
species, all the holotypes are from the type locality of the
Chapapote. With the exception of the Lepidocyclina holotype,
all the others have been deposited in the Eocene collection of
Professor G. D. Harris at Cornell University. The figured holo-
types and paratypes of the Lepidocyclina, | am retaining in my
personal collection for the present.
Prnited plates furnished by Mr. W. 5S. Cole. -- Eds.
26 BULLETIN 53 226
Explanation of Plate 1
Figure Page
1. Hemicristellaria scitula (Berthelin) x 40 9
2. Cibicides tuxpamensis n. sp; ventral view of megalospheric form
x AOS OR MEEAVIOG) sel tke 08 Te aie eR 19
3. Cibicides tuxpamensis n. sp; dame view of tea form
MUO holotype: 20ers ca ee i AE ee lS
4. Lenticulina convergens Gionnenerny: dae view x 25 é 8
5. Lenticulina convergens (Bornemann); apertural view x 25. 8
6. Nodosarella salmojraghii Martinotti x 25 13
7 “veioonibine, parlor CPOrleiany o¢ PG Bee Feet |
8. Triloculina gibba d’Orbigny; end view x 25 7
9. Polymeorphina. spathulata Terquem; x 40 10
10. Glebigerina eocenica Terquem; ventral view x 40 ees iL7/
11. Globigerina cerro-azulensis n. sp; dorsal view x 25; holotype 17
12. Globigerina cerro-azulensis n. sp; side view x 25; holotype ___. 17
13. Globigerina cerro-azulensis n. sp; ventral view x 25; paratype —. 17
14. Lenticulina chapapotensis n. sp; side view x 25; holotype __._- 7
15. Lenticulina chapapotensis n. sp; end view x 25; paratype 7
16. Anomalina grosserugosa (Gumbel); apertural view x 25 18
17. Anomalina grosserugosa (Gumbel); dorsal view x 25 18
18. Nonicn chapapotensis n. sp; side view x 40; holotype —. 10
19. Nonion chapapotensis n. sp; apertural view x 40; paratype... 10
20. Globigerina eecena Gumbel; ventral view x 40 _.. 17
21. Tritaxilina mexicana Cushman; young specimen x 25 —si‘«‘~wT
22. Tritaxilina mexicana Cushman; adult specimen x 25 7
23. Bulimina tuxpamensis n. sp; x 25; holotype... 12
24.
Vulvulina advena Cushman; young specimen x 25
Pine oe. Vote 14 Buri. Amer. Pat. INOMS3e ebm
28 BULLETIN 53
Explanation of Plate 2
Figure
1. Haplophragmoides chapapotensis n. sp. x 50; holotype
2. Clavulina communis d’Orbigny; smooth form x 50
3. Clavulina communis d’Orbigny; more arenaceous type x 50
4. Dimorphina chapapotensis n. sp. x 80; holotype
5. Uvigerina cf. U. gardnere Cushman and Applin; x 80
6. Eponides umbonata (Reuss); dorsal view x 80
7. Uvigerina byramensis Cushman; var. x 80
8. Lagena sesquistriata Bagg; x 80 ~ : Ex
9. Textularia chapapotensis n. sp. x 50; holotype
1p Ohilostomella ovoideas Reuss> x 80) 2)
ideeeGlobicerina mexicana, Cushman;) x50).
228
we
he
1 PG) BE EGG ee.
“
ae ore Atarax
eeuliene ser ta) i apse
400) oth ees he ARO
AMER. Pat.
But.
33, VoL. 14
Pr..
30 BULLETIN 53 230
Explanation of Plate 3
Figure Page
1. Anomalina dorri n sp; ventral view x 25; holotype LS
2. Anomalina dorri n, sp; dorsal view x 25; paratype - Se eS
3. Rotaliatina mexicana Cushman; elongate form x 40 - Denes «1159
4. Rotaliatina mexicana Cushman; normal form x 40 oF as ie ea 15
5. Cibicides tuxpamensis n. sp; ventral view of microscopic form x
253 choloty pe: 22. ee ee ee 19
6. Cibicides tuxpamensis n, sp; dorsal view of microspheric form x
PAST OMmM) OX: Wot 1 A) 0 age eee ee ea UN een ee ee ree IY)
7. Textulara eocenica Gumbel; x 25 . _. Doe nes A 6
8. Globigernia eocenica Terquem; dorsal view x 40 es 17
9. Reophax nevini n. sp. x 25; holotype — __— fe i SS SS
10. Robulus plummere n. sp. x 25; holotype =. ee tssé8
BLS NOM OSATL aS ps 2B) oe ae ee ee emer were tC 8
12. Nodosaria jacksonensis Cushman and Applin; x 25 ~~ =. .-.-—s— &
13. Ellipsonodosaria rotundata (d’Orbigny); x 25 © 14
14. Fissurina romettensis Seguenza; x 40 b SM Nt ek IE
15. Saccammina spherica G. O. Sars; x 25 4
16. Lamarckina chapapotensis n. sp; ventral view x 40; holotype _.— 14
17. Vulvulina advena Cushman; adult specimen x 25 6
Pr... 34, Vor. 14
Buist.. AMrr. Pat.
ow ;
7 wh!
en
ated
ached = i.
a) we
- _
‘ al mm”
: ue
eek dens bakes
aw Pit ing
+ ’
mn
. 5
Fog “ie se :
x a
- »
i ond
Explanation of Plate 4
Figure Page
1. Lepidocyclina (Lepidocyclina) waylandvaughani n. sp; cross form;
diameter of actual specimen 7mm.; paratype —.-—. —.-___________- 21
2. Lepidocyclina (Lepidocyclina) waylandvaughani n. Sp; external
view not greatly magnified; actual dameter of specimen 8mm.;
holotype ————---s 21
3. Lepidocyclina (Lepidocyclina) waylandvaughani n. sp; horizontal
section; paratype —.——-—. ------------- 21
4. Lepidocyclina (Lepidocyclina) waylandvaughani n. sp; vertical
section; diameter of actual specimen 6.5mm.; paratype 2 Al
5. Lepidocyclina (Lepidocyclina) waylandvaughani n. sp. vertical sec-
tion; dameter of actual specimen 6.5mm.; paratype _- —__-___.__. - 21
6. Lepidocyclina (Lepidocyclina) waylandvaughani n. sp; greatly en-
larged; diameter of actual specimen 8mm.; holotype. _ _ __ 21
7. Lepidocyclina (Lepidocyclina) waylandvaughani n. sp; ee nean
section of another paratype; diameter of actual specimen 6.7mm.; 21
8. Lepidocyclina (Lepidocyclina) waylandvaughani n. sp; another
horixontal section; diameter of actual specimen 8mm.; paratype 21
9. Lepidocyclina aff. L. morgani Lem; diameter of actual specimen
OOO | ce es a5 22
10. Lepidocyclina (Lepidocyclina) waylandvaughani n. sp; _ vertical
section; diameter of actual specimen 6mm.; paratype 21
Nor 53, Pru 4
Buu. Amer. Pat.
Pie eos. Ose
eae
t =
s Ms B
BULLETINS
OF
AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY
Vol. 14
No. 54
MIOCENE MOLLUSCA OF NORTHERN COLOMBIA
By NORMAN EDWARD WEISBORD
January 8, 1929
Harris Co.
Ithaca, N.Y.
We SA.
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this paper is to contribute additional infor-
mation of the rapidly increasing knowledge of the Caribbean
Miocene deposits of northern South America. During the course
of geologic investigations in Colombia the writer was afforded
opportunity of making collections in horizons ranging from Cre-
taceous to Quaternary in various parts of the country; but at
this time only a few notes on the Miocene paleontology can be
given. Permission to publish has been most generously granted
by Mr. J. E. Brantly of the Colombian Atlantic Refining Com-
pany to whom the writer has been constantly indebted for his
interest and co-operation.
Whenever possible the Colombian specimens have been com-
pared with other Caribbean Miocene forms in the Paleontologi-
cal Laboratory of Cornell University, ably presided over by Prof.
G. D. Harris, to whom I am grateful for publishing this article,
and with whom it has been a constant source of pleasure to be
associated. On this occasion, also, I wish to offer my thanks to
Mr. George L. Green and Mr. C. C. Addison for their co-opera-
tion in collecting the material. ;
GENERAL, NOTES
The marine Miocene deposits of Colombia are widespread
in their occurrence. According to Anderson’ they occur from
Rio Hacha westward to the Gulf of Uraba and to unknown dis-
tances in the valleys of San Jorge and Sinu rivers. The writer
has made collections in the departments of Atlantico, Bolivar and
Magdalena and is cognizant of a great thickness of Miocene
beds in the Atrato river valley. Deposits which are contempor-
aneous in age to a portion of the Miocene section of Colombia
are known in the state of Falcon, Venezuela, and in Trinidad
as well as in Costa Rica, the Canal Zone, Panama, San Domingo,
and Mexico. In Colombia these formations are composed, for
the most part, of sandstones, shales and marls.
1 Anderson, F. M., Original source of oil in Colombia : Bull, Amer, Assoc,
Pet. Geol., Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 382404, 1926,
4 BULLETIN 54 236
Literature pertaining to the paleontology of the Colombian
Miocene is rather scant, although there is considerable that
has been written on related areas. The short paper by Pilsbry
& Brown? on “Oligocene fossils from the neighborhood of Carta-
gena, Columbia” was the first short systematic treatise deal-
ing with some of the mollusca found in what are now regarded
as Miocene beds near Cartagena. In 1919 Cooke® listed a num-
ber of forms from a few of the same localities from which
the present fauna is described, and recently Anderson* has pre-
sented a brief review of the stratigraphy of a portion of the
Miocene section in the department of Atlantico giving a list of
some of the more characteristic forms from “Stage M”. This
is a coarse sandstone, quite fossiliferous, and possibly rests
unconformably on the underlying older formation. It is Ander-
son’s belief that this stage is older than any other similar group
of the Miocene in Colombia.
Mr. George L. Green and the writer made two collections in
the Department of Atlantico, one between Las Perdices and
Puerto Colombia from a light brown sandstone and the other
near Usiacuri from an earthly brown marl. Mr. Addison made
several collections from various localities along the coast and
to the south. Under the description of each species its locality
will be given. In the Department of Magdalena, Miocene fossils
were found at various intervals south of Fundacion, near Par-
aiso and between Paraiso and Flores de Maria. The materiai
is predominantly sandstone, generally dirty gray in color altho
sometimes reddish or yellowish brown depending upon the
amount of oxidation of the iron present. The Miocene sediments
south of Fundacion appear in places to unconformably over-
lie the igneous materials comprising the western flank of the
Santa Maria mountains. About eight kilometers or so south
of Calamar and at Buenavista, Miocene hills fringe the margin
of the Magdalena river and dip to the southeast. The Miocene
sediments of the Department of Bolivar between Zambrano and
2Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. Proc., Vol. 69, Pp. 32-41, 1917
“U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 108, Pp. 588,589, 1919
‘The marine Miocene Deposits of North Colombia: Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc.
4th ser., Vol. 16, No. 8, Pp. 87-95, 1927.
237 WEISBORD: CoLOMBIAN MrocEn®E 5
Jests del Monte on the road to Carmen, dip to the southeast
monoclinally away from the older sediments forming the folds
of the central range of hills. In the section from Zambrano to
Carmen two collections were made, one about four kilometers
east of the hacienda of Esperanza, the other just east of Jesus
del Monte on a strike ridge of sandstone overlooking the town.
The thickness of Miocene in the Zambrano-Carmen section may
approach as much as five thousand feet. The fossils from Jests
del Monte are stratigraphically lower than those east of Esper-
anza.
The conclusion that the fossils are of Miocene age has been
arrived at by correlation with other known species from Carib-
bean Miocene deposits and by the stratigraphic relations of
the beds.
DESCRIPTION of SPECIES
Class PELECYPODA Goldfuss
Order PRIONODESMACEA Dall
Superfamily ARCACEA Deshayes
Family ARCIDZE Dall
Genus SCAPHARCA Gray
Scapharea grandis colombiensis Wiesbord, n. subsp. Bleed
Arca grandis Pilsbry, Acad. Nat Sci. Phil. Proc., Vol. 738, Pt. 2, P. 404,
Pl. 40, Fig. 1, 1921 (Not of Broderip & Sowerby?).
Cf. Scapharea (Scapharea) patricia Maury, Bull. Amer. Pal., Vol. 10, No,
42, P. 57, Pl. 2, Fig. 5, 1925.
Area aff. grandis Cooke, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 103, P. 588, 1919.
This is a large, thick-shelled form ornamented with 25 to 28
strong, radiating ribs. These may be somewhat rounded or
flattened on top and are generally of the same width as the well
channeled interspaces. Concentric growth lines impart a beaded
appearance to the radiating costae, the development of which
varies on different specimens. On nearly all shells, however,
the beading is more strongly pronounced than on the recent
Pacific form known as Scapharca grandis. Otherwise the fossil
and recent forms are very similar,
6 BULLETIN 54 238
The outline of the shell is generally obtusely triangular with
a marked tendency to become swollen when adult, especially
near the ventral margin. Posteriorly it is somewhat attenuated
and truncated. The cardinal area is broad and high. Some
specimens show a downward projecting growth of calcium car-
bonate over the anterior muscle scar resembling somewhat a
modified uvula of the human throat. This is well developed on
some of the larger forms of the recent grandis.
Dimensions: Alt. 98 mm; Long. 93 mm.
This is a varietal form of the widely distributed fossil gen-
erally referred to as Arca grandis or patricia depending upon
the interpretation of the describer. In 1850 Sowerby* described
but did not figure a species from Santo Domingo which he called
Arca patricia. In discussing it he said: “Distinguished from
A. grandis by its form, which is much more rounded at the in-
ferior margin; by the angularity of its radiating ribs, which
are moreover more numerous; and by the narrowness of the line
formed by the row of hinge teeth, and the recurved posterior
of the same row.”
Thinking that Arca patricia resembled Arca grandis (an in-
ference derived from Sowerby’s comparison with grandis)
Gabb® later decided that a suite of Arcas which he collected from
Santo Domingo were really identical with the recent grandis
and relegated the name patricia to synonymy. Gabb also sub-
sequently regarded A. chiriquiensis a synonym of A. grandis,
but the former is now regarded as a distinct species.
In revising Gabb’s material, Pilsby* considered that the ex-
tremely large Arca in the Santo Domingan collection was not
the one that Sowerby meant to be patricia and suggested that
A. chiriquiensis might be the species Sowerby had in mind for
patricia. Hence he called the larger form grandis believing the
fossil to be similar to the recent form. Maury*® previously, how-
ever, considered the large Arca as patricia, and recognizing
a difference between it and the recent grandis decided to retain
the name originally given by Sowerby.
"Geol. Sec. London, Quart. Journ., Vol. 6, p. 52, 1850.
Aine IPlwll Soe Means, im, Sie, Woll, Wh, IP, BRB, IIT}.
Ocala wNiaite S Giay eile Proce aViole wipe 4 Onto za
SBull. Amer. Pal., Vol. 5, No. 29, p. 338, 1917.
~]
939 WEISBORD: COLOMBIAN MIOCENE
The larger Arcas in the Santo Domingo collection are un-
doubtedly very close to the recent grandis altho the majority
have higher and narrower umbos.
In order to clear up this “picturesque muddle” Woodring®
sent for a cast of the holotype of patricia and found that it is
very different from either grandis or chiriquiensis. Woodring
found the cast to be identical with Scapharca tolepia Dall and
the synonymous S. arthurpennelli Maury. If this is so it clears
up a clouded situation. There is one point to be considered how-
ever. Is the cast of the holotype actually of the shell that Sower-
by meant as patricia? There are several reasons for entertain-
ing some doubt. In the first place there is no resemblence be-
tween adult forms of tolepia and grandis. Why then did Sowerby
compare his specimen with grandis? Why did he give it the
name patricia which in itself indicates a noble, patrician form.
Neither tolepia or arthurpennelli would be grand enough to sug-
gest the name patricia. And finally the fact that there are
large shells that closely resemble the recent grandis makes us
believe that the true A. patricia may be the A. patricia of Maury
or the A. grandis of Gabb.
Woodring, however, has penetrated as far into the heart of
the situation as may be possible. If the holotype cast truly re-
sembles the patricia of Sowerby, misinterpretations have heen
rectified. If the type has been lost, mislabeled or mishandled
the matter still stands subject to diverse interpretations.
In naming the Colombian specimen a subspecies of grandis
I am conforming with Woodring’s suggestion. It is undoubtedly
very similar to the recent form of grandis but inasmuch as there
are recognizable differences and to avoid more ambiguity in the
literature I have decided to call it under the subspecific name of
colombiensis. Pilsby has several forms from Colombia which
he regards as the true grandis. Our form I believe 1s identical
with the one Pilsbry figured. It is also very close to A. patricia
Maury from Trinidad.
Localities —Usiacuri; near Puerto Colombia; near Piedras
de Afilar, Dept. of Atlantico, near Cartagena, Dept. of Bolivar.
Science, Vol. 62, No. 1614, pp, 518, 519, 1925.
8 BULLETIN 54 240
Age.—Middle—Upper Miocene.
Distribution.—Nearly identical forms are found in Venez-
uela, San Domingo, Trinidad and Tobago?
Scapharca grandis var. cedralensis, n. var. PIS ee Piese 2emes
This form seems to represent still another varietal phase of
grandis. It differs from colombiensis in having a somewhat
thinner shell and in being less swollen. The number of ribs vary
from twenty-five to twenty-eight. These are strong, quadrate,
separated by well channeled interspaces of the same width as the
ribs. The shell is obtusely noded generally on the anterior.
Many specimens have a shallow but broad sulcus ventrically.
Dimensions: Alt. 60 mm; Long. 65 mm.
This species appears to be closely related to & chiriquiensis
websteri Pilsbry from Haiti, but it has fewer, less prominently
noded ribs.
Locality.—Near Cedral, Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.—Middle - Upper Miocene.
Scapharca chiriquiensis Gabb var. bolivari Weisbord, n. var. Pl. 1, Figs. 4-9
Shell of medium size, varying considerably in shape. Some
of the larger shells are much like chiriqwiensis lacking, however,
the twisted appearance so characteristic of the Santo Domingan
species. Some of the smaller shells are longer and high and re-
semble Scaphareca websteri Pilsby. These various forms how-
ever appear to intergrade and hence I am considering them as
the same species.
Left valve with twenty-nine of thirty square ribs which are
closely sculptured with equal transverse nodules. On the pos-
terior slope the ribs are weaker and simple. The right valve
has about twenty-eight ribs similarly sculptured. Most of the
shells have a tendancy to become slightly depressed behind the
middle in front of the posterior truncation and are all well in-
flated. Cardinal area of moderate width with one to seven resii-
lary grooves depending upon the amount of developement of the
shell. Hinge rather narrow bearing numerous, closely spaced
teeth which are smaller medially and larger distally, the marginal
ones slightly oblique.
941 WEISBORD: COLOMBIAN MIOCENE 9
Dimensions: Alt. 39 mm; Long. 43 mm. Adult specimen
Alt. 21 mm; Long. 30 mm.
Alt. 29 mm; Long. 37 mm.
The larger specimens differ from the true chiriquiensis in
being less depressed behind the middle, less irregularly swollen
and with relatively lower beaks. Some specimens closely resem-
ble S. chiriquensis websteri especially those figured by Wood-
ring’®, but the poserior margin is rather uniformly more acutely
sloping than on the Haitian form.
Locality—About 4 kilometers east of Esperanza, Dept.
of Bolivar.
Age.—Middle Miocene.
Scapharca pittieri Dall PIA Fics. 10,01
Area (Scapharca) pittieri Dall, Smith. Misc. Coll., Vol. 59, No. 2, P.9, 1912.
Arca pittieri Olsson, Bull. Amer. Pal., Vol. 9, No. 39, P. 192, Pl. 24,
Figs. 2-6, 1922.
Comparison with specimens from Costa Rica show the Colom-
bian shells to be practically identical with pittiori, In his originai
description Dall says “.... anterior end attenuated and produced
but not sharply truncated, posterior end much shorter and very
bluntly rounded....’”; and again, “.... hinge line straight, the
tooth series divided somewhat in front of the beak with about
twenty-two anterior and eighteen posterior, closely adjacent,
slightly wavy, flat teeth.” This diagnosis fits our shells excepi
that the anterior and posterior are opposite of that spoken of in
the original description. In the original description anterior
and posterior should be reversed.
Dimensions: Alt. 22 mm; Long. 23 mm.
The somewhat more elongated outline differentiates this species
from A. hindsii and A. lloydi Olsson. The Venezuelan A. ber-
jadinensis Hodson*! is smaller but closely allied to younger
forms of pittiert. Scapharca hispanioliana Maury” from Santo
Domingo is superficially quite similar but the amphidetic area
in pittiert is not partially obscured by the ribbing as in the other.
Locality. Between Sibarco and Piedras de Afilar, Dept.
of Atlantico.
Age.—Miocene.
10Geology of the Republic cf Haiti, Pl. 16, Pigs. 9-11, 1924.
11Bull. Amer. Pal., Vol. 13, No. 49, p. 6, pl. 4, figs. 1-3, 5, 1927.
12Tbid, Vol. 5, No. 29, p. 176, pl. 30, figs. 9, 10, 1927.
10 BULLETIN 54 242
Distribution.—Costa Rica; Colombia.
Genus GLYCYMERIS Da Costa
Glycymeris lloydsmithi Pilsbry & Brown IPI a5 Joie ale, 118)
Glycymeris lloydsmithi Pilsbry & Brown, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. Proc., Vol.
69, P. 39, Pl. 6, Fig, 6, 1917.
Glycymeris Nloydsmithi Olsson, Bull, Amer. Pal., Vol. 9, No. 39, P. 181, Pl.
25, Figs. 8-10, 1922.
Glycymeris lloydsmithi Anderson, Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc., 4th ser., Vol.
1G, Io, SY 12, SO, 1Oez
The shell is slightly inequilateral with somewhat straightened
umbonal margins. There are about 27 low, broad, rounded ribs.
On our specimens these ribs do not become appreciably weaker
ventrally as on the specimen originally described by Pilsbry &
Brown. The cardinal area is small and not grooved.
Dimensions: Alt. 37 mm; Long. 35 mm.
This species is distinguished from G. canalis by the absence of
V-shaped grooves in the cardinal area.
Localities —Near Usiacuri; near Puerto Colombia; Morro
Hermoso, in the Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.—Muiddle - Upper Miocene.
Distribution —N. of Urumaco, Falcon, Venezuela; Red Cliff
and Middle Creek, Costa Rica; Colombia.
Glycymeris lloydsmithi multicostata Weisbord n. subsp. Pl. 2, figs. 1, 2
Shell of medium size, moderately convex, subcircular in out-
line. Cardinal area narrow, small and smooth. There are 15
teeth before the beak and 16 behind. ‘The teeth are angularly
bent near the beak but are straight marginally and all are ver-
tically striated. The ribs vary from 23 to 27 in number. Um-
bonally they are simple, strong and convex. Medially the ribs
become tripartite, arranged so that the middle part is broader
and more elevated than the two sides. Near the base of the
shell this broad part of the rib may become split, dividing it into
four parts. Within, there are about 18 broad denticles on the
margin. Crossing the valve are numerous, regular, fine, growth
striae.
Dimensions: Alt. 36 mm; Long. 34 mm,
243 WEISBORD: COLOMBIAN MIOCENE ith
This species is a more highly developed form of lloydsmithi
and may prove to represent a more rugged form of that species.
It is generally, though not always, more circular in outline, has
more teeth in the hinge and has prominent multicostate ribs. G.
democraciana Hodson is very similar to the species under discus-
sion but differs somewhat in its more irregular shape. The
Venezuelan shell is probably a varietal form of Ilyodsmithi
rather than canalis inasmuch as it lacks the grooves on the car-
dinal area, Superficially the Colombian form resembles G. can-
alis trilobicosta Pilsbry & Brown but differs in being larger and
lacking the grooves on the cardinal area. Pectunculus gatunensis
described by Toula has somewhat the same surface features but
is much smaller and is probably a varietal form of G. canalis.
Localities.—Piedras de Afilar; Morro Hermoso, in the Dept.
of Atlanaico.
Age.—Mlocene.
Glycymeris canalis var. colombiensis Weisbord n. var. Pl, 2, figs. 35 4
Shell rather small, subtriangular, slightly inequilateral. Hinge-
line short, slightly sloping; cardinal area narrow, sculptured
with three or four well incised, angulate, V-shaped grooves.
Hinge with ro to 13 teeth before the beak and 11 to 15 behind.
Ventral margin with about 15 to 17 denticles. Ribs low, broad,
slightly convex, usually simple but occasionally having a tendency
to become tripartite toward the base. The number varies from
24 to 27. Obsolete concentric growth striae cross the valve.
Dimensions: Alt. 24 mm; Long. 22mm.
Differs from the true canalis in its more subdued ribbing.
Localities——Near Pto. Colombia; Piedras de Afilar, in the
Dept. of Atlantico,
Age.—Muocene.
Glycymeris cf. tumefactus Pilsbry and Brown Pl. 2, figs 5
Glycymeris tumefactus Pilsbry and Brown, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. Proc.,
Vol. 69, P. 38, Pl. 6, fig. 7, 1917.
A weathered specimen in our collection is seemingly referable
to this species, though our shell is slightly more circular in form.
There are several small vertical teeth below the beak. These are
somewhat larger and angularly bent medially but become small-
12 3ULLETIN 54 244
er and oblique distally. There are about 15 after the beak.
Dimensions: Alt. 42 mm; Long. 44 mm. Approximately.
Differs from G. jamaicensis, pennaceus and carbasina in lack-
ing the fine radial striae characteristic of the group.
Locality—Near Tubera, Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.—Miuocene.
Superfamily OSTRACEA Gold‘uss
Family OSTREIDA Lamarck
Genus OSTREA Linnaeus
Ostrea osculum Pilsbury and Brown PA 2s ale SnCu
Ostrea sculpturata osculum Pilsbry and Brown, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
Proc., Vol. 69, P. 40, Pl. 6, Figs. 2, 2a, 1927.
This is quite a variable form. Our shells are thin and have.a
yellowish tinge. The lower or left valve may be subovate,
sickle-shaped or claw-like in outline varying also in the degree
of inflation. Valves have two of more folds which vary from
wavy undulations to acute angulations. The muscular scars
are lightly impressed, pear-shaped, with a narrow tapering end
pointed obliquely toward the beak. Resilium small, triangular.
Margins pitted for various distances from the beak. Upper
valves flat with undulated margins.
Dimensions: Alt. 42 mm; Width 29 mm.
The form figured by Pilsbry and Brown shows two very
angulate folds, but they note that some shells are flatter with
less emphatic plications. One of our specimens has a strongly
angulate margin but there are four or five instead of two folds.
The other shells have about two folds but these are gentle.
Locality—Near Usiacuri, Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.—M1uocene.
Ostrea messor colombiensis Weisbord n. subsp. Pl. 2, figs. 8, 9
See Ostrea mesor Maury, Bull. Amer. Pal., Vol. 10, No. 42, P. 81, Pl. 10,
Figs. 3, 4, 1925.
The left or lower valve is crescent-shaped with four of five
angulate folds on the dorsal margin, three of which are more
pronounced than the others. The surface of the valve has three
245 WEISBORD: COLOMBIAN MI0CENE 13
or four weak, interrupted longitudinal folds. Beak curved, point-
ed. Resilium triangular, of moderate length. On either margin
are narrow grooves extending part way down the shell and are
pitted. The rest of the margin is simple. Muscular scars not
deeply impressed. Upper valve missing.
Dimensions: Long. 53 mm; Width 33 mm.
This is like the foregoing but larger and thicker. It varies
somewhat from the typical Trinidad messor in the arrangement
of the angulations. Formerly this general group of shells was
considered identical with the recent Peruvian megodon described
by Hanley, but as Maury has pointed out Hanley’s type has five
or six larger folds and several posterior weaker ones. O. messor
caimites from Santo Domingo is of the same general type as this
species but has a thinner shell. O. messor tabaquita Maury and
O. megodon Olsson are forms with occasional exaggerated sad-
dles between the angulations.
Locality—One-half kilometer west of Piedras de Afilar
Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.—Miocene.
Collector—Mr. C. C. Addison.
Superfamily PECTINACEA Reeve
Family PECTINIDZ Lamarck
Genus AMUSIUM Bolten
Amusium luna Brown and Pilsbry Pl. 3, Fig. 1
Cf. Amusium Mortoni Bose, Inst, Geol. de Mexico, Boll. No. 22, P. 74,
Bi neses. G20, 95 Pll 8 Bigs: 1, '2,)1906:
Pecten (Amusium) cf. mortoni Toula, Jahr. der K-K Geol. Reich., Vol.
58, P. 714, Pl. 26, Figs. 8, 9, 1908.
Pecten (Amusium) luna Brown and Pilsbry, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. Proc.,
Vol. 64; P. 514, Pl, 23, Fig. 1, 1912.
Amusium luna Olsson, Bull. Amer. Pal., Vol. 9, No. 39, P. 200.) Bie Li.
Hig. 1, 1922.
Amusium large species Cooke, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull, 103, P. 588, 1919.
Altho considerably larger than the Canal Zone shell the Col-
ombian specimen appears to be otherwise very similar. It is
much like the East Coast mortoni but the latter is a broader form
and the ears are separated from the disk by a light line. Un-
fortunately the interior of the hinge is inaccessible,
14 BULLETIN 54 246
Locality —Near Usiacuri, Dept of Atlantico.
Age.—Middle Miocene.
Distribution —Canal Zone, Costa Rica, Venezuela and Co-
lombia. The mortoni of Bose from Mexico may be referred to
this species.
Family SPONDYLID Fleming
Genus SPONDYLUS Linné
Spondylus colombiensis Weisbord n. sp. IPI a5, donerse GD), ili
This species is represented in the collection by a well preserved
right valve. Shell rather large, moderately convex, slightly in-
equilateral. Beak elevated, rather narrow, and twisted. Car-
dinal area prominent, about 12 mm. in altitude and 35 mm. in
length, with a deeply incised, narrow, triangular resilium. Area
marked with rather fine vertical striae. Ears subequal, the an-
terior sculptured with sinuous, transverse growth lines and cros-
sed by radial lines giving the whole an imbricated appearance.
The posterior ear only has the transverse striae. The valve is
ornamented with seven or eight strong radii rather heavily
spined. Between these are secondary smaller ribs, profusely
studded with projecting spines, and a third and fourth series of
riblets. The smallest are the most abundant and are also closely
set with small rectangular nodes. On the other ribs the spines
project downward and show a tendancy to be tubular.
Ventral margin well rounded; posteriorly the valve is slightly
swollen. Inner margin with elongated denticles; muscular scar
large. Interior of the shell chocolate colored.
Dimensions: Alt. 75 mm; Long. 65 mm.
The Colombian shell is closely allied to S. falconensis Harris
from Venezuela and S. chiriquiensis Olsson'* from Costa Rica.
The Venezuelan species has a greater number of larger, subequal
secondary radii than the Colombian form has. With the excep-
tion of this slight variance in sculpture the two forms are strik-
ingly similar. S. chiriquensis is also quite similar in its general
characteristics but here again the stronger secondary radii and
13Bull. Amer. Pal., Vol. 138, No. 49, P. 40, Pl. 23, Figs. 4, 5, 1927
14Tbid, Vol, 9, No. 39, BP. 206, Pl. 20; Figs. 1,2)5, 6, 1922,
247 WEISBORD: COLOMBIAN MIOCENE 5
less spinose character of the tertiary threads serve to differentiate
the two forms. The minor ribs on the well known S. bostrychites
Guppy are less spiny than on S. colombiensis,
Locality—Near Tubera, Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.—Miocene.
Order ANOMALODESMACEA Dall
Superfamily ENSIPHONACEA Dall
Family POROMYACIDZE Dall
Genus DERMATOMYA Dall
? Dermatomya harrisi n, sp. Veale Dike.
Shell large, plump, equivalved, somewhat inequilateral; shell
substance rather thin. Anterior end slightly shorter, well roun-
ded in front; posterior end longer, roundly truncate. Umbos
large, high and plump. Beaks prosocoelous with a large, cordate,
lunular depression in front. There is a slight line extending from
the back of the beak part way down the valve. Before this,
the valves have a very slight Metis-like depression. Valves mark-
ed with concentric growth striae which are more prominent near
the margins of the valve. Ventral margin well rounded at the
ends but nearly straight medially. Interior of the hinge not ac-
cessible.
Dimensions: Alt, 483 mm; Long. 52 mm.
The generic determination of this very interesting form is
open to doubt. The typical Dermatomya has a thin, pearly shell,
and those forms that have been described are small and char-
acteristic of deep water. Nevertheless this has much in common
with the Poromyacidae and until the characters of the hinge are
known I am provisionally regarding this as Dermatomya’’. In
some of its aspects, however, the shell is like the genus Thracia.
This rare form is named in honor of Prof. G. D. Harris of
Cornell University.
Localhity.—Near Tubera, Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.—Muddle Miocene.
1Dall; U. S. Nat. Mus., Bull. 112) P. 27, P13, Fig. 10, 1921
16 BULLETIN 54 248
Order TELEODESMACEA Dall
Family CRASSATELLITID Dall
Genus CRASSATELLITES Kruger
Crassatellites reevei Gabb var. pleurarostra n. var. Pi; figs os 4
Crassatellites reevei Olsson, Bull. Amer. Pal., Vol. 9, No. 39, P. 212, Pl.
20, Fig. 4, 1922. Not of Gabb?, Trans, Amer. Phil. Soc., Vol. 15,
P. 252, 1873.
In 1873 Gabb collected a form of Crassatellites which resem-
bles antillarum Reeve but for which he proposed the name reevei.
Later Brown and Pilsbry*® rediscribed and figured the Santo
Domingan form noting in the description the fact that the con-
centric sculpture extends without irregularity upon the beak. In
Costa Rica Olsson collected several forms which are nearly iden-
tical with reevei but have larger concentric waves on the beak.
Upon comparison with Brown and Pilsbry’s figure it appears,
further, that the posterior angulation is not quite as deeply de-
flected as that of the Costa Rican form. For these two reasons
the varietal name has been suggested.
The Colombian forms are in every way identical with the
Costa Rican species.
Dimensions: Alt. 40 mm; Long. 57 mm.
C. trinitarius Maury“ is a relatively more elongate form of this
same general group. C. trinitarius venezuelanus Hodson? dif-
fers in being more pointed posteriorly altho this is a somewhat
variable feature.
Localities —Near Usiacuri; near Tubera; Morro Hermoso,
in the Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.—Middle Miocene.
Distribution.—Colombia, Costa Rica.
Crassatellites aviaguensis ? F. Hodson Pl. 3, Figs. 5, 6
Crassatellites aviaguensis Hodson, Bull. Amer. Pal., Vol. 13, No, 49, P. 45,
Pl, 28, Figs: 45 7, 8, 105 1927,
A large robust species with a wide hinge, big, deeply sunken
lunule and strongly bent shell seems to be identical with the Ven-
16Acad. Nat. Sci, Phil. Proc., Vol. 64, P. 515, Pl. 23, Fig. 5, 1912.
7UBull Amer) balessViole ethos 42e eae lifes ress eee coal my meee
18Ibid, Vol. 18, No. 49, P. 45, Pl. 28, Figs, 2, 6, 9, 1927.
249 WEISBORD: COLOMBIAN MIOCENE LZ
ezuelan form, our shell is from the Miocene of the coastal Ter-
tiary deposits. The Venezuelan species is reported to be from
the Oligocene.
Dimensions: Alt. 50 mm; Long. 65 mm.
The hinge on our form is 13 mm. in width. The lunule and
escutcheon are decidedly sloping.
Locality Near Usiacuri, Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.—Middle Miocene.
Distribution Venezuela (Falcon) and Colombia (Atlan-
tico).
Superfamily CARDITACEA Menke
Family CARDITID Gill
Genus VENERICARDIA Lamarck
Venericardia dominica new name [PA BA iia, IPAs Pee bnetse al Oeics
Pl. 4, Fig. 1.
Venericardia scabricostata Maury, Bull. Amer. Pal., Vol. 5, No. 29, P. 198,
Pl. 38, Fig. 1, 1917. Not of Guppy, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soe. London,
Viole 22, P- 293~ Pls 18) Big. 10; 1866:
Guppy’s inadequate figure and brief description misled Maury
in identifying a common Santo Domingan l’enericardia with Car-
dita scabricostata, a Bowden species. This was later rectified by
Woodring’? who showed that the two species are distinct.
A number of Colombian specimens are practically identical
with the Santo Domingan form. The shell is rather solid, sub-
quadrate in outline, somewhat inequilateral, rather well inflated ;
anterior margin gently rounding into the slightly curved base;
posterior margin nearly straight joining the base at an angle of
about 65 or 70 degrees. Beaks high, plump. Sculpture consist-
ing of about 18 to 21 high radial ribs bearing numerous equal
transverse beads. The ribs are more strongly beaded on the an-
terior and medial portion of the shell than on the posterior trun-
cation where the ribs are thinner than on the other part of the
valve. The ribs are separated by interspaces as wide or wider
than themselves. A series of fine thansverse growth striae are
seen in the interspaces and are less prominent on the ribs. Hinge
19Carn. Inst, Wash. Pub. 366, P. 100, 101, Pl. 12, Figs. 7-9, 1925.
18 BULLETIN 54 250
normal with the anterior cardinal tooth on the left valve split
into two.
Dimensions: Alt. 23 mm; Long. 23 mm. Adult.
This differs from Cardita scabricosta Guppy from the Bowden
beds of Jamaica by lacking the terraced ribs. “Venericardia
scabricosta” Olsson? is quite similar but is plumper. IV’. suliana
Hodson?! and its varieties are smaller forms of this same stock.
Local.ty.—Near Piedras de Afilar, Dept. of Atlantico.
A ge.—Mhocene.
Distribution.—Santo Domingo ; Colombia.
Venericardia terryi Olsson IPS Bi, Lass, 1 o 8)
Venericardia terryi Olsson, Bull. Am
~I
for)
44 BuLLETIN 54
ond row comes at the shoulder of the whorl, and the third about
half way down. Between the upper and second series of spines,
the whorl is concave with four or five prominent revolving
lines; between the second and lowest series there are about nine
spiral cords, and about seven below the lower series. Over the
whole are fine arcuate growth striz.
The penultimate and the fourth from the last whorl 1s com-
posed of an irregular blob of calcium carbonate much the same
as the Eocene Volutilithes (Plejona) forms are wont to have.
These often cover part of the whorl above. The remaining
whorls are sculptured with radiating folds which on the third
from the last whorl tends to develop into spines near the suture.
The folds have a stellate appearance when viewed from above
and are crossed by revolving strie.
The anterior canal is quite broad and somewhat twisted. Um-
bilicus obsolete. Above it is a coarse revolving ridge. Inner
lip with faint lines.
Dimensions: Alt, 60 mm; Width 41 mm.
The Colombian shell recalls MM. orthacantha Pilsbry and John-
son from Santo Domingo but is larger and has three instead of
two series of spines on the body whorl.
Locality— _ EE. of Esperanza, Dept. of Bolivar.
Age.— Miocene.
Melongena consors (Sowerby) Plate 7, fig. 5
Pyrula consors Sowerby, Quart Journ. Geol. Soc. London, vol. 5, p. 49,
1849.
Melongena consors Dall, Wag. Inst. Sci. Trans., vol. 3, p, 1584, 1903.
Melongena consors Maury, Bull. Amer. Pal., vol. 5, No. 29, p. 85, pl. 14,
figs (5, 191,
Melongena consors Olsson. Ibid, vol. 9, No. 39, p. 112, 1922.
Melongena consors Weisbord, Pal. Venezuela, p. 294, pl. 7, figs. 1, 2, 1924.
Melongene consors Maury, Bull. Amer. Pal., vol. 10, No. 42, p. 208, pl. 35,
fig. 12, 1925.
This is a common Caribbean Miocene species. It is character-
ized by its three rows of spines on the upper part of the body
whorl and a single row below. The earlier volutions are sculp-
tured with transverse folds and spiral threads.
Dimensions: Alt. 75 mm; Width 50 mm.
Localities Near Usiacuri; Near Puerto Coombia; between
Sibarco and Piedras de Afilar; Dept. of Atlantico.
277 WEISBORD: COLOMBIAN MIOCENE 45
Age.— Miocene.
Distribution: Santo Domingo; Bowden, Jamaica; Springvale,
Brasso and Manzanilla beds of Trinidad; Costa
Rica; Falcon, Venezuela; Colombia.
Genus SOLENOSTEIRA Dall
Solenosteira falconensis (Williston) Plate 7, figs. 6-8
Solenosteira falconensis Williston, Pal. Falcon, pl. 7, figs. 12, 13, 1923. (MS)
Solenosteira ~alconensis Weisbord, Pal. Venezuela, p, 296, pl. 6, figs. 8, 9,
1924. (MS)
Shell biconic, solid, attaining a rather large size; spire some-
what less than half the length of the shell, acuminate. Whorls
about eight, ornamented with subequal spiral threads and about
eight transverse folds which merge into short pointed spines on
the periphery, The whorls are slightly concave above, but just
above the suture they become perpendicular. It is on this narrow
portion that the sharply pointed folds appear. Body whorl con-
vex above, sharply concave below. The contour of the last volu-
tion is much like the figure S. It is covered with numerous ele-
vated revolving cords with a number of secondary threads be-
tween. The spiral cords become stronger just below the convex-
ity of the whorl. In addition a closely spaced series of
longitudinal, sinuous growth striz overrun the shell. Outer
lip subangulate, marginally fluted within, inner lip with a rather
thick callus; umbilicus narrow, margined above by a thickened
callus; anterior canal of moderate size for the genus, slightly
flexed.
On old specimens the upper part of the body whorl is slightly
convex above the peripheral series of nodes. The part of the shell
behind the outer lip is traversed by about four or five, rather
strong, thick, transverse folds extending from the suture to below
the middle of the volution.
Dimensions: Alt. 42 mm; Width 29 mm.
Alt. 61 mm; Width 40 mm.
This is not unlike the Peruvian S. alternata (Nelson), but the
present species has sharper nodes which are situated on the lower
fourth of the whorl, whereas the angle of the whorl in the former
is nearly medial. S. dalli Brown & Pilsbry is also very similar
46 BULLETIN 54 278
but has fewer and stronger spiral cords and a more medial posi-
tion of the angle of the whorl. This species was first recorded
from Venezuela.
Locality— Near Tubera; Near Usiacuri, Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.— Mhuocene.
Distribution. Colombia — Dept. of Atlantico.
Venezuela — N. of Urumaco, Falcon.
Solenesteira ccchlearis Guppy var. magdalenensis n. var., Plate 6, figs. 16, 17
Shell pyriform, solid. Whorls about seven, sculptured with
strong, elevated, revolving ridges separated by wider interspaces.
The grooves bear obsolete secondary spiral threads and closely
spaced transverse growth striz. In addition there are about
twelve, thickened, longitudinal folds. Body whorl well rounded
above, sharply tapering and somewhat concave below. ‘The
spiral ribs become somewhat stronger anteriorly. Inner lip
lightly colloused. Umbilicus narrow. Outer lip strongly lirate
within with about 14 lire, being two less in number than the
spiral cords of the body whorl. Anterior canal of moderate
length, broad, slightly flexed.
Dimensions: Alt. 35 mm; Width 22 mm.
The form is closely akin to S. cochlearis Guppy*® from the
Springvale series of Trinidad. It differs varietally in having
a slightly less globose body whorl, in haying more and longer
longitudinal nodes, and in the character of the ribbing. S. coch-
learis has triangular ribs on the body whorl and are rather sharply
ridged, whereas the ribs on the Colombian are elevated ridges
and do not perceptibly broaden toward the interspace. SS.
cochlearts 1s a slightly more developed form than S. semiglobosa
Guppy from the same series.
Locality One-half kilometer west of Piedras de Afilar,
Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.— Middle Miocene.
Collector— Mr. C. C. Addison.
Family VASIDZ Adams
Genus XANCUS Bolten
Xancus magdalenensis n. sp. Plate 7, fig. 1
Shell ponderous, solid and heavy; spire with about 9 or 10
49 Bull. Amer. Pal., vol, 10, No. 42, p. 210, pl. 36, fig. 8, 1925.
279 WEISBORD: COLOMBIAN MIOCENE 47
whorls when complete. Earlier whorls with about 6 wide roun-
ded coste at about the middle. These cost later develop into
large protruding rather pointed knobs. The whorls are sculp-
tured with fairly strong revolving lire and intercalary finer
threads, On the later whorls, transverse growth lines become
numerous and give a reticulate pattern to them. Sutures nar-
row, well incised. Body whorl nearly smooth above, but orna-
mented below with alternating stronger and finer revolving lines,
crossed by fine transverse growth striz. There are three strong
columellar plaits, the anterior one slightly sulcate. Below this
there is another weak fold. Umbilicus narrow and deep. An-
terior canal long and narrow.
Dimensions: Alt, (when whole) 190 mm; Aproximate width 93 mm.
This species is characterized by its five projecting knobs on
each whorl and four columellar folds, of which the anterior
is the weakest. The distance between the lower two plaits
is about one-fourth that between the upper two.
This is very close to the recent X. scolymus but has fewer
knobs and an additional columellar fold. This same distinction
holds for X. rex Pilsbry and Johnson. In addition rex has de-
cidedly more pronounced transverse growth striz on the later
whorls. X. scopulus Olsson from the Miocene of Costa Rica
has a pronounced excavated sutural zone, a feature not present
on this species.
Locality— Near Tubera, Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.— Middle Miocene.
Collector— Mr. C. C. Addison.
Family VOLUTIDZ Gray
Genus MITRA Lamarck
Mitra colombiana n. sp. Plate 6, figs. 11, 12
Cf. Mitra henekeni Hubbard, N. Y. Acad. Sci., vol. 3, pt. 2, p. 155, pl. 24,
fig. 1, 1920
Shell slender, biconic; whorls about nine, sculptured with
strong, raised, revolving cords separated by wide interspaces.
The interspaces are sculptured with subequal, longitudinal
threads. The body whorl is slenderly pyriform in shape with a
maximum of about 13 revolving cords. Columella with four
48 BULLETIN 54 280
and possibly five plaits, of which the upper two are the strongest.
Columella of moderate length, slightly twisted below.
Dimensions: Alt. 26 mm; Long, 8mm.
This species at once recal!s M. henekent Sowerby and WM.
longa Gabb. From the former it may be distinguished by its
fewer revolving cords and one or two more columellar folds.
Younger specimens of /enekeni about the same size of our
specimens generaally have three folds; very seldom there is a
suggestion of a fourth. On the Colombian species, however,
there are four well defined plaits on one specimen and five on the
other. In this respect the species is similar to M. longa but the
latter has a few more revolving cords with interstitial threads, a
feature lacking on the present species.
Hubbard (op. cit.,) has figured a species from the Quebrad-
illas limestone of Porto Rico which he hasreferred to henekeni.
Our form is superficially very similar to Hubbard’s — more so
than to the true henekem. The spacing of the revolving rib-
lets on the Porto Rican shell is identica! with that of the Colom-
bian species. Unfortunately the mouth parts of the former
are broken.
Localities — Near Tubera; between Las Perdices and Puerto
Colombia, in the Dept. of Atlantico. E of Esperanza, Dept. of
Poliver.
Age.— Middle Miocene.
Mitra cf. limonensis Olsson Plate 6, fig. 13
Mitra Swainsoni Broderip var. limonensig Olsson, Bull. Amer. Pal., vol.
95 No. 39, p. 272) pl: 16) fig. 1 1922:
A. single broken specimen, altho somewhat smaller than the
Costa Rican form, appears to be nearly identical with it. Neither
Olsson’s nor our form show the characteristic transverse flex-
uous folds of M/. swainsoni and for this reason I prefer to omit
the varietal affiliation to swainsoni.
Dimensions: Alt. 36 mm; width 14 mm. (Aprox.)
Locality. Near Tubera, Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.— Miocene.
Genus CONOMITRA Conrad
Conomitra caribbeana n. sp. Plate 6, figs. 14, 15
Shell rather small, solid, coniform, Spire short, conic. Whor's
281 WEISBORD: COLOMBIAN MIOCENE 49
seven, moderately convex, ornamented with low, flat spiral
bands and transverse folds. The spiral bands are separated by
narrower or equal interspaces. Body whorl shaped as in Conus,
slightly convex above and narrowing rather gradually anteriorly.
There are about 23 longitudinal riblets on it. Inner lip with
four plaits of which the upper three are strongest and nearly
horizontal, the fourth weaker and oblique.
This shel! recalls the genus /mbricaria in shape. It is readily
identified by its coniform outline and numerous Lyvia-like ribs.
Locality— Near Tubera, Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.— Mhocene.
Family OLIVIDA Orbigny
Genus OLIVA Martyn
Oliva cylindrica Sowerby Plate 8, fig. 7
Oliva cylindrica Sowerby, Quart Journ. Geol. Soc. London, vol. 5, p. 45,
1849,
Oliva cylindrica Gabb, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., vol. 15, p. 215, 1873.
Oliva cylindrica Guppy, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, vol. 32, p, 256,
1876.
Oliva cylindrica Cossman, Journ. de Conch., vol. 61, p. 57, pl. 5, figs. 2, 3,
1913,
Oliva cylindrica Dall, Wag. Inst. Sci. Trans., vol. 38, p. 1583, 1903.
Oliva cylindrica Maury, Bull. Amer. Pal., vol. 5, No. 29, p. 67, pl. 10, figs.
14, 14a, 1917.
Oliva cylindrica Maury, Ibid, vol. 10, No. 42, p. 195,pl. 33, figs. 3, 5, 1925.
Some of the Colombian shells are just a trifle less slender in
the body whorl than specimens from the type locality, but in
other respects are identical. Several years ago the writer col-
lected several Olivas from the State of Falcon, Venezuela which
are probably referable to O. cylindrica.
Dimensions: Alt. 31 mm; Width 14 mm.
This differs from O. sayana immortua Pilsbry and Brown
in having the top of the outer lip come some distance below the
50
suture of the adjoining whorl.
Localities— Between Las Perdices and Puerto Colombia ;
near Piedras de Afilar; near Usiacuri, in the Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.— Miocene.
Distribution Santo Domingo; Jamaica; Trinidad; Venez-
uela ; Colombia.
50 Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. Proc., vol. 69, p. 33, pl. 5, fig. 6, 1917,
50 BULLETIN 54 282
Superfamily TOXOGLOSSA Troschel
Family CANCELLARIIDZ Adams
Genus CANCELLARIA Lamarck
Cancellaria dariena Toula Plate 6, fig. 8
Cancellaria dariena Toula, Jahr. K-K. Geol. Reich., vol. 58, p. 31, pl. 25,
mes, UBS joi, AS, wie, 2, IOS).
Cancellaria dariena Brown & Pilsbry, Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc., vol. 63, p. 345,
pl. 24, figs. 3, 4, 1911.
Cancellaria dariensis Cossmann, Journ. Conch., vol. 61, p. 51, pl. 4, figs.
9, 10, 1913.
Cancellaria dariena Pilsbry & Brown, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. Proc., vol. 69,
p. 82, 1917.
Cancellaria dariena Olsson, Bull. Amer. Pal., vol. 9, No. 39, p. 80, pl. 6,
fig. 8, 1922,
s
Most specimens have a thickened transverse fold or varix at
the outer lip or about the middle of the body whorl in back.
Dimensions: Alt. 40 mm; Width 20 mm.
This species has much in common with such forms as C. bar-
rettt Guppy, C. epistomifera Guppy and C. guppyi Gabb, but these
have somewhat finer and more numerous transverse ribs. C.
rowellt Dall is distinguished by the step-like succession of whorls
and heavy, subequal transverse folds. C. cossmanni Olsson has
a more widely spaced series of spiral and longitudinal riblets
reticulating the shell into large clear cut squares.
Locahties— Near Pto. Colombia; near Tubera, Dept. of At-
lantico. :
Age.— Muocene.
Distribut on— Colombia—Near Cartagena (Pilsbry&Brown)
Panama—Canal Zone; Water Cay.
Costa Rica—Rio Cocles.
Martinique -—(Cossman).
Cancellaria rowelli Dall Plate 6, figs. 9, 10
Cancellaria rowelli Dall, U. S. Nat. Mus. Proc., vol. 19, p. 307, pl. 29, fig.
1, 1896.
Cancellaria rowelli Maury, Bull, Amer. Pal., vol. 5, No. 29, p. 63, pl. 10,
fig. 2, 1917.
Cancellaria rowelli Pilsbry, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. Proc., vol. 73; p. 333, 1921.
Cancellaria rowelli Olsson, Bull. Amer. eA, Ol; Q; INO, BO, mw. 84, pil, G.
fig. 7, 1922.
A single specimen appears to be referable to this species. -The
longitudinal ribs are about 21 in number and are strongly de-
veloped.
283 WEISBORD: COLOMBIAN MIOCENE 51
Dimensions: Alt. 283 mm; Width 15 mm.
C. harrist Maury*! is a very similar form and may be a mu-
tation of this species.
Locality. Between Esperanza and Jesus del Monte, Dept. of
Atlantico.
Age.— Lower - Middle Miocene.
Distribution. San Domingo—Rio Anima.
Costa Rica—East Grarc Creek.
Cancellaria epistomifera Guppy var. acuticarinata n. var. Plate 6, fig. 7
The Colombian shell varies from the true epistomifera in
having a rather sharp keel on the whorls. Part of the outer
lip on our single specimen is broken but there seems to be no
tendency to develop a spout or sulcus as on epistomifera proper.
Further, there are no thickened transverse folds or varices but
inasmuch as there is only one specimen I do not know if this
is a constant feature or not.
Dimensions: Alt. 28 mm; Width 18 mm,
Locality Near Tubera, Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.— Miocene.
Family TEREBRIDZ Adams
Genus TEREBRA Lamarck
Terebra gatunensis Toula Plate 6, fig, 4
Terebra gatunensis Toula, Jahr. K-K Geol. Reich., vol, 58, p. 705, pl. 25,
fig. 14, 1909.
Terebra gatunensis Brown & Pilsbry, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. Proc., vol. 63,
1th Bow a astls Ze, sien 2 alsyilale
Terebra (Myurella) gatunensis Cossmann, Journ. Conch., vol. 61, p. 13,
pl. 1, figs. 26-29, 1913.
Terebra gatunensis Maury, Bull. Amer. Pal. vol. 5, No. 29, p. 31, pl. 4, fig.
5, 1917.
Terebra gatunensis Olsson, Bull. Amer. Pal., vol. 9, No. 39, p. 36, pl. 1,
figs. 4-6, 1922.
Terebra gatunensis Anderson, Cal. Acad. Sci. Proc., 4th ser., vol. 16, No.
33D. 89.1927.
Specimens of 7. wolfgangi Toula in the paleontological col-
lection at Cornell differ from gatunensis in being smaller, more
slender, and with the axial riblets far more prominent than the
spiral cords.
Dimensions: Alt. 40 mm; Diam. 12 mm.
51 Bull. Amer. Pal., vol. 5, No. 29, p. 64, pl, 10, figs. 9, 10, 1917,
52 BULLETIN 54 284
Localities — Cedral; near Piedras de Afilar, Dept. of Atlan-
tico; E. Esperanza, Dept. of Bolivar.
Age.— Miocene.
Distribution»— Colombia—Depts. of Atlantico and Bolivar.
Venezuela—Urumaco, Sabaneta, State of Fal-
con.
Canal Zone—Gatun, Mount Hope.
Martinique.
Santo Domingo—Cercado de Mao.
Terebra bipartita Sowerby Plate 6, fig. 2
Terebra bipartita Sowerby, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, vol. 5, p. 47,
1849.
Terebra bipartita Gabb, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., vol, 15, p. 225, 1873.
Terebra (Acus) bipartita Dall, U. S. Nat. Mus. Proc., vol. 18, p. 38, 1895.
Terebra bipartita Maury, Bull, Amer. Pal., vol. 5, p. 187, pl. 3, fig. 14, 1917.
Terebra bipartita Olsson, Ibid, vol. 9, No. 39, p. 35, pl. 1, figs. 1, 2, 1922.
Terebra bipartita Anderson, Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc., 4th ser., vol. 16,
No. 3, p. 89, 1927.
Two crushed fragments appear to be referable to this species.
_T. subsulcifera has a more prominent sutural band.
Dimensions: Alt, 45 mm; Width 11 mm.
Locality Morro Hermoso, Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.— Miocene.
Distribution.—. Colombia; Santo Domingo; Costa Rica.
Terebra isaacpetiti? Maury Plate 6, fig. 3
Terebra Petiti Maury, Bull. Amer. Pal., vol. 5, No. 29, p. 31, pl. 4, fig. 4,
1917. Not of Kiener, Coq. Viv., p. 37, pl. 18, fig. 2.
Terebra isaacpetiti Maury, Bull. Amer. Pal., vol. 10, No. 42, p. 184, 1925.
Comparison with the large specimen of isaac petiti in our Sto.
Domingo collection shows a fragment from Colombia to be prac-
tically identical. This is one of the imaequalis group.
Dimensions: Alt. 32 mm; Diam. 16 mm. (Last 3 whorls.)
Locatity— Near Tuberar, Dept. of Atlantico.
Alge.--- Miocene.
Distribution Colombia—Dept. of Atlantico.
Santo Domingo—Rio Gurabo,
285 WEISBORD: COLOMBIAN MIOCENE 53
Family TURRITIDZ Adams
Genus TURRIS Bolten
Turris albida barretti (Guppy) Plate 6, fig. 5
Pleurotoma Barretti Guppy, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, vol. 22, p.
290, pl. 17, fig. 6, 1866,
Pleurotomella albida Olsson, Bull. Amer. Pal., vol. 9, No. 39, p. 59, pl. 4,
figs. 1, 2, 1922. :
The Colombian shell here figured is characterized by a strong
medial keel on the whorls and a somewhat weaker revolving rib-
let above and below. Of the various albida forms, this shell is
the nearest 7. barretti originally described from Jamaica.
Dimensions: Alt. 45 mm; Diam. 16 mm.
Dall®? and others following his lead regard a number of var-
iable forms as being synonymous with 7. albida a recent form
first figured by Perry®*. In comparing our specimens with Per-
ry’s figure, we found the resemblance to be very close but the
recent species lacks the rather prominent cord above the medial
keel. P. haitensis Sowerby** is characterized by its numerous
revolving riblets standing out in sharp relief. The other forms
of albida have been listed by Maury®® and their affinities noted.
Locality— _ EE. of Esperanza, Dept. of Bolivar.
Age.— Muocene.
Distribution— Jamaica; Venezuela; Colombia.
Turris albida virgo Lamarck Plate 6, fig. 6
Pleurotoma virgo Lamarck An. s. Vert., vol. 7, p. 94, 1822.
Pleurotoma virgo Kiener, p. 5, pl. 3, fig. 1.
Pleurotoma albida Bése & Toula, Jahr. der K-K Geol. Reich., vol. 60, p.
241, pl. 13, fig. 18, 1910.
The Colombian specimens are nearly identical with the figure
of virgo in Kiener (of. cit.) but are not as strongly striated
transversely. The whorls are sculptured with three sharp re-
volving ribs of which the medial is the strongest. Slightly
weaker ones occur above and below the suture of the whorl.
In the wide interspaces are weak secondary threads. The suture
is nearly indistinguishable.
52 Mus. Comp, Zool. Bull., vol. 18, p. 72, 1899.
53 Conchology or the Natural History of Shells, pl. 32, fig. 4, 1811.
54 Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, vol. 6, p. 50, 1849,
55 Bull, Amer. Pal., vol. 5, No. 29, p. 50, 1917,
54 BULLETIN 54 286
Dimensions: Alt. 52 mm; Diam. 15 mm.
This is of the albida group, the synonymy of which is given
by Dall and others. Of the various Miocene forms of albida
this seems to be the closest to that figured by Bose and Toula
from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.
Locality— Near Tubera, Dept. of Atlantico;
Age.— Miocene.
Distribution. _ Caribbean area.
Range.— Oligocene - Recent.
Genus SURCULA H. and A. Adams
Surcula nuevagranada n. sp. Plate 5, fig. 15
Shell fusiform, turreted ; spire rather sharply tapering. Whorls
about eleven, lightly keeled above the center, convex below, con-
cave above. Sutures lightly impressed, bordered below by a
small sutural cord. Whorls sculptured on the lower part with
about twelve strong oblique transverse folds which are crossed
by four or five spiral cords with weaker revolving striz between.
The concave portion of the whorl is smooth except for curved
growth marks. Aperture subovate; anterior canal rather long,
narrow, twisted.
Body whorl very convex above, sculptured anteriorly with
subequal revolving cords. The longitudinal ribs extend about
half way down the volution.
Dimensions: Alt. 37 mm; Diam, 14 mm.
Closely allied to the San Domingan Drillia cercadonis Maury*®
but is larger and has a slightly more twisted anterior canal.
From the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico, Bose®’ has described
a closely related form named S. pearsoni, but the Colombian
shell differs in having a more globose body whorl and a more
excavated portion below the suture.
Locality»— Near Puerto Colombia, Dept. of Atlantico.
Age— Miocene.
Collector— Mr. C. C. Addison.
56 Bull. Amer. Pal,, vol. 5, No. 29, p. 52, pl. 8, fig. 12, 1917.
°7 Jahr. K-K Geol. Reich., vol. 60, p. 268, pl. 13, fig. 21, 1910.
or
on
287 WEISBORD: COLOMBIAN MIOCENE
Genus DRILLIA Gray
Drillia puertocolombiana n. sp. Plate 5, fig, 16
Shell of medium size, solid, turreted. Whorls 6+, convex,
standing out sharply. Sculpture consists of 5 low flat spiral
bands, separated by slightly narrower interspaces, and numerous
sharp, oblique, transverse ribs, of which there are 22 to 26 in
number. On reaching the top of the whorl these ribs bend con-
siderably. Sutural zone deep; sutural line weak, bordered be-
low by a sutural band. Below this there is a well channeled
interspace between the top of the whorl and the sutural band.
Outer lip with what appears to be a thickened fold or varix on
back. Aperture subovate.
Dimensions: Alt. 43 mm; Diam. 16 mm; (Approximate when complete.)
Characterized by its deep sutural zone, flat spiral bands and
numerous oblique transverse folds. It recalls D. gatunensis
Toula from the Canal Zone but differs in its fewer spiral bands,
and strong, excavated sutural area. D. consors Sowerby is more
finely reticulate while the rather closely akin D. venusta Sowerby
has sharper spiral threads.
Locality.— Between Las Perdices and Pto. Colombia?, Dept.
of Atlantico.
Age.— Miocene.
Genus CYTHARA Schumacher
Cythara heptagona? (Gabb) Plate 5, figs. 13, 14
Mangelia heptagona Gabb, Amer. Phil. Soc. Trans., vol. 15, p. 211, 1873.
Cythara terminula Dall, Wag. Inst. Sci, Trans., vol. 3, pt. 1, p. 38, pl. 2,
fig.5, 1890.
Cythara heptagona Pilsbry, Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc., vol. 73, p. 322, pl. 17,
fig. 9, 1921,
A weathered specimen from Colombia is identical with C.
heptagona in shape and dimensions. In the character of the
spiral sculpture and in’ the number of longitudinal ribs (nine)
the shell is similar to C. terminula Dall. Gabb originally de-
scribed heptagona as having seven longitudinal folds but as
intimated by Pilsbry, who regards terminula as synonymous,
the number may vary somewhat.
56 BULLETIN 54 288
Dimensions: Alt. 15 mm; Diam. 7 mm.
This is very similar to C. cercadica Maury®® from Santo Do-
and C. caimitica Maury have nearly double the number of long-
mingo but the latter is slightly more slender. C. polygana Gabb
itudinal ribs. From Costa Rica, Olsson®® has described two
forms of which C. terminula var. costaricensis is closely related.
It is a trifle more slender than the Colombian species but with
a greater number of specimens for comparison the two forms
may be found to be synonymous. The other Costa Rican species,
C. liminata Olsson is a narrow, higher spired species.
Of the Caribbean Cytharas, three are very similar, these are:
C. heptagona Gabb
C. cercaidca Maury
C. terminula var. costaricensis Olsson
All these in turn are closely allied to the Pliocene C. terminula
Dall of the Caloosahatchie series of Florida. ;
Family CONIDZ Adams
Genus CONUS Linné
Conus molis Brown & Pilsbry Plate 6, fig. 1
Conus molis Brown & Pilsbry, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. Proc., vol. 63, p. 343,
pl. 23, fig. 1, 1911,
Conus molis Maury, Bull. Amer. Pal., vol. 5, No. 29, p. 200, 1917.
Conus molis Olsson, Ibid, vol. 9, No. 39, p. 214, pl. 2, figs. 1, 2, 1922
Conus molis Anderson, Cal. Acad. Sci. Proc., 4th ser., vol. 16, No. 3, p. 89,
1927
Adult shells are large and ponderous. There are about 13
whorls of which the later ones are somewhat concave and spirally
striate with five to eight revolving striz. The striations on
the body whorls of large specimens are confined to the lower
portion of the shell and are faint or obsolete above.
Dimensions: Alt. 140 mm; Width 87 mm; Adult when complete.
Localities: Near Tubera, Dept. of Atlantico.
Age: Miocene.
Distribution: Panama—Gatun.
Costa Rica—Water Cay, Banana river.
Haiti—Cercado de Mao.
Colombia—Tubera.
58 Bull. Amer. Pal., vol. 5, No. 29, p. 61, pl. 9, fig. 15, 1917.
59 Ibid, vol. 9, No. 39, p, 77, 1922.
289 WEISBORD: COLOMBIAN MIOCENE 57
Conus colombiensis n. sp. Plate 5, fig. 12
This species is thin-shelled. There are about 12 whorls, of
which the earlier five or six appear to be somewhat coronate;
the whorls are very convex, each succeeding one slightly over-
lapping on the preceding; sutures well incised; spire slightly
elevated, concavely conical. The body whorl is well rounded at
the shoulder. From the middle portion of the last whorl to
the base thcre is a series of subequal revolving lines. These
become obsolete above.
Dimersions: Alt. 58 mm; Width 34 mm.
The Caribbean Miocene analogue of this shell is C. recognitus
Guppy which has been found in Costa Rica, Haiti and Jamaica.
The body whorl of recognitus is distinctly pyriform whereas the
Colombian shell is conical in shape. Otherwise the two forms
are very similar.
Locality— Near Tubera, Dept. of Atlantico.
Age.— Middle Miocene.
END OF TEXT
The following plates were furnished by the author
58 BULLETIN 54
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1
290
FIGURE PAGE
1—Scapharca grandis colombiensis Weisbord n, subsp. Near Usiacuri,
Atlantico. Paratype. Alt. 85 mm; Long. 85 mm,
2—Scapharca grandis var. cedralensis Weisbord n. var. Paratype. In-
terior of left valve. Alt, 54 mm; Long. 61 mm...
3—Scapharca grandis var. cedralensis Weisbord n. var. Cedral, Atlan-
tico. Paratype. Right valve. Alt. 60 mm; Long. 65mm...
4—Scapharca chiriquiensis Gabb var, bolivari Weisbord n. var. E. of
Esperanza, Bolivar. Paratype. Exterior of right valve. Alt. 25 mm;
Byomeye Oe mr ee ee eee a
5—Scapharea chiriquiensis Gabb var. bolivari Weisbord n. var. Ex-
terior of left valve. Alt, 26 mm; Long. 31 mm... SSS
6—Scapharcea chiriquiensis Gabb var. bolivari Weisbord n. var. Ex-
terior of large left valve. Alt. 39 mm; Long. 23 mm.
7—Scapharca chiriquiensis Gabb var. bolivari Weisbord n. var, Inter-
ior of small left valve. Alt. 26 mm; Long 31 mm.
8—Scapharcea chiriquiensis Gabb var. bolivari Weisbord n. var. Ex-
terior of elongated variety. Alt. 29 mm; Long, 36 mm._________ en
9—Scapharca chiriquiensis Gabb var. bolivari Weisbord n. var. Inter-
ior) ofisame\Specinierte seers See) ae en Oe soe ae ea =
10—Scapharca pittieri Dall. Near Sibarco, Atlantico. Exterior of right
valve. Alt. 22 mm; Long. 23 mm
11—Scapharca pittieri Dall. Interior of same specimen...
12—Glycimeris lloydsmithi Pilsbry & Brown. Exterior of right valve.
Tels CSW neatenyrias) Viana \dn saya c4l t Vigeenes Ree ees ee Ret
13—Glycimeris lloydsmithi Pilsbry & Brown. Interior of same speci-
No. 54, PL. 1
AMER. PALEONT.
BULL.
PL. 36, VoL. 14
1
im a
x
a isi i
1 eorhaune = Natta mea its
es
Hat
vt akon Si ute 6 eee
AS exepee) —. eienee ers
Poway we
So a
ae a Tm me eee es ah Rosas iT ethiat ae Y
. Pe AE Baa wee Pee! ae Tee, Oe
Pe Ea Tie: pe whee. See nee as ‘ .
u f : L eoTd hee
a “Ul ae
rete fmnn a
60 : BULLETIN 54 292
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2
FIGURE PAGE
1—Glycimeris lloydsmithi multicostata Weisbord n. subsp. Exterior
of right valve. Alt. 36 mm; Long. 34 mm... 10
2—Glycimeris lloydsmithi multicostata Weisbord n. subsp. Interior
OL ESAMIe NS PC CIIN C1 se eee ae ee 10
8—Glycimeris canalis var, colombiensigs Weisbord n. var. Exterior of
left valve. Alt. 25 mm; Long. 26 mm. ____...-_______---__---—_-------_----_---- 11
4—Glycimeris canalis var. colombiensis Weisbord n. var. Interior of ~
left valve. Alt. 24 mm; Long, 22 mm._._________--___________ 11
5—Glycimeris cf. tumefactus Pilsbry & Brown. Near Tubera, Atlan-
tico. Alt. 42 mm; Long. 44 mm. (Approximately) -_.__-..__-.....__--_____. 11
6—Ostrea osculum Pilsbry & Brown. Near Usiacuri, Atlantico, Ex-
terior of lower (left) valve. Alt. 26 mm; Long. 22 mm... 12
7—Ostrea osculum Pilsbry & Brown. Interior of lower (left) valve.
PATE AD srr Sh Ds re Oar a eee 12
8—Ostrea messor colombiensis Weisbord n. subsp. Near Piedras de
Afilar, Atlantico. Interior of lower (left) valve. Alt. 53 mm; Width
BRIN TM eee Ee SEN eS A gre 12
9—Ostrea messor colombiensis Weisbord n. subsp, Exterior of same
Speciment 22.2 ee 2 eee pe a tet 12
10—Spondylus colombiensis Weisbord n. sp. Near Tubera, Atlantico.
Interior of right valve. Alt. 75 mm; Long. 65 mm._-____-_____----__--___ 14
11—Spondylus colombiensis Weisbord n, sp. Exterior of same speci-
bas) 0 DD cee SU cee eka Oe A ee ee ee As eee 14
12—Venericardia dominica new name. Exterior of left valve. Near Pie-
dras de Afilar, Atlantico. Alt. 20 mm; Long. 20 mm..______---__ 17
No. 54, PL.
AMER. PALEONT.
BULL.
14
Pre 37, Vor.
62 BULLETIN 54
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 3
294
FIGURE PAGE
1—Amusium luna Brown & Pilsbry. Near Usiacuri, Atlantico. Alt, 115
mins) "Width: 1:20) mms. = oa ee eee 13
2—?Dermatomya harrisi Weisbord n. sp. Near Tubera, Atlantico. Alt.
43) mms) ong: (52) mim ee ee eee 15
8—Crassatellites reevei Gabb var. pleurorostra n, var. Exterior of
right valve. Alt. 40 mm; Long. 57 mm. 22" 16
4—Crassatellites reevei Gabb var. pleurorostra n. var. Interior of -
SVN Gy SPO CU TI Te Tie Se a i Si 16
5—Crassatellites aviaguensis Hodson. Near Usiacuri, Atlantico, Exter-
ior of left valve. Alt. 50 mm; Long. 65 mm.___..__/_ 16
6—Crassatellites aviaguensis Hodson. Interior of same specimen
showing: Wargesdunule ssa ee 16
7—Venericardia terryi Olsson. Specimen from Costa Rica figured for
comparison. Right: valves 2s ee Se ee 18
8—Venericardia terryi Olsson, Colombian specimen. Exterior of right
TM RI@a LAllie, GRY rontonS Ipopayer, GO) rope 18
9—Venericardia terryi Olsson. Interior of same specimen... 18
10—Venericardia dominica new name. Near Piedras de Afilar, Atlan-
tico. Interior of left valve. Alt. 20 mm; Long, 20 mm... 17
11—Venericardia dominica new name. Exterior of right valve. Alt. 24
Tee OO A VIRE! Cryo) 4 “eat” 5 Nay 00 60 epee ements ler) StU eee ee —. te
AMER. PALEONT.
Bonn:
14
8. VioL.
co
Pr.
“
pa Fy
64 BULLETIN 54 296
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 4
FIGURE PAGE
1—Venericardia dominica new name. Near Piedras de Afilar, Atlan-
tico. Interior of right valve, Alt. 24 mm; Long. 25 mm.________-_-__-_ lf
2—Chama corticosaformis Weisbord n. sp. Exterior of lower (right)
Whi, JNies GUS soos yore, AA sie 18
3—Chama corticosaformis Weisbord n. sp. Interior of same specimen. 18
WRG, ANNES GH seein VO wrayer, NG a 18
4—Chama corticosa‘ormis Weisbord n, sp. Exterior of upper (left)
5—Echinochama antiquata? Dall. Near Tubera, Atlantico. Broken left
VU VC ee oa UE le Se ee 19
6—Cardium (Laevicardium) serratum Linnaeus. Near Usiacuri, At-
lantico. Left valve. Alt. 43 mm; Long. 36 mm.__.__»-_-_-=S 20
7—Cardium (Cerastoderma) brantlyi Weisbord n. sp. Morro Hermoso, .
Atlantico. Exterior of right valve. Alt. 85 mm; Long. 77 mm..-___- 19
8—Chione (Lirophora) latilirata colombiana n, subsp. Exterior of
ELShitavall vies eA 2 Gh rrr LOI Oy Van ri eee 22
9—Chione (Lirophora) latilirata colombiana n. subsp. Exterior of
right valve. Alt. (partial) 20 mm; Long. 25 mm,» 22
10—Chione (Lirophora) latilirata Cena n. subsp. Interior al same
SPC CLAVE Te a I Sa Se a I ae 22
11—Chione (Lirophora) usiacurina Weisbord n. sp. Near Usiacuri, At-
lantico. Exterior of left valve, Ait. 23 mm; Long. 28 mm. 23
12—Antigona (Dosina) caribbeana Anderson. Near Usiacuri, Atlantico.
Alt 145) omimG Lone. E25. mim eee ee 21
Pi. 39, Vor. 14 Butt. AMER. PALEONT. No. 54, PL. 4
66 BULLETIN 54 298
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 5
FIGURE PAGE
1—Clementia dariena Conrad. Usiacuri, Atlantico. Left valve. Alt, 23
POW ATU! Coals, AS} Tea ES N24
2—-Chione (Chione) bolivarensis Weisbord n. sp. Jesus del Monte,
Bolivar. Exterior of right valve. Alt, 20 mm; Long. 23 mm._________--- 22
3—Chione (Chione) bolivarensis Weisbord n. sp. Same specimen show-
ing radial ribs on and adjacent to the lunule..._________________ 22
4—Asaphis delicatus Weisbord n. sp. Venezuelan specimen from near
Urumaco, Falcon. Exterior of right valve. Alt, 42 mm; Long. 59
1001196 ae et RB Sma NR Fe eC re ee ee ee 25
5—Asaphis delicatus Weisbord n. sp. Colombian specimen from Usia-
ceuri, Atlantico. Left valve. Approximate dimensions, Alt. 42 mm;
Wong: (6) samira aN ee ee ee Se 25
6—Metis trinitaria colombiensis n. subsp. Near Usiacuri, Atlantico.
Exterior of right valve. Alt. 46 mm; Long. 60 mm._.___---_-_ EEE 24
7—Corbula (Cuneocorbula) hexacyma Brown & Pilsbry. Near Jesus
del Monte, Bolivar, Interior of right valve. Alt. 13 mm; Long. 21
EYAL NAN ABT SE GA RD ea ee Ng ee ce ai sae ERC OT IER e745)
8—Corbula (Cuneocorbula) hexacyma Brown & Pilsbry. Exterior of
We titGisvelive ms eAulitesaiali.ervalna oh oes creo ry aaa ea 25
9—Corbula (Cuneocorbula) hexacyma Brown & Pilsbry. Exterior of
right valves Alt. 13)immi; Wlone. 21mm) 25
10—Dentalium (Fissidentalium) sclidissimum Pilsbry & Brown. Spe-
cimen showing spiral strie on earlier portion of shell. ....__.____ 26
11—Dentalium (Fissidentalium) solidissimum Pilsbry & Brown. Por-
tion of adult specimen showing broad, flat ribs. 26
12—Conus colombiensis Weisbord n. sp. Near Tubera, Atlantico. Alt,
ES Sep TUT YAS WW Ute H re As VM ese ea Ee ee eee 56
183—Cythara heptagona? Gabb. Alt. 15 mm; Width 7 mm... 55
14—Cythara heptagona? Gabb. Rear view of same specimen... 55
15—Surcula nuevagranada Weisbord n, sp. Near Puerto Colombia, At-
ENRICO, Ake, By vemrmne Wyaichin Ib teaiig 54
16—Drillia puertocolombiana Weisbord n. sp. Near Puerto Colombia,
Atlantico. Approximate dimensions, Alt. 48 mm; Width 16 mm.__ 55
PL. 40, Vor. 14 BuLL. AMER. PALEONT. No. 54, PL. 5
68 BULLETIN 54
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 6
300
FIGURE PAGE
1—Conus molis Brown & Pilsbry. Near Tubera, Atlantico, Alt. 140
mrss Wir that Oi) rivals ES oa ee
2—Terebra bipartita Sowerby. Morro Hermoso, Atlantico. Alt. 45 mm;
AAYaioh slay Na kale aalp oye eiene Mes Ce OL sk nee RE SI USAR de ieee a OE a ee
3—Terebra isaacpetiti? Maury. Near Tubera, Atlantico.......____ whe
4—Terebra gatunensis Toula, Ala. 40 mm; Width 12 mm...
5—Turris albida barretti (Guppy). Near Jesus del Monte, Bolivar.
IATE: 45cm) Wid Che el G yamine eo ee eee ni
6—Turris albida virgo (Lamarck). Near Tubera, Atlantico. Alt. 52
mim ss) Weld bla: 5) arn 2 te Ea ee ee ee
7—Cancellaria epistomifera Guppy var. acuticarinata Weisbord n. var,
Near Tubera, Atlantico. Alt. 28 mm; Wdth 18 mm..___.____ es
8—Canceellaria dariena Toula. Alt. 40 mm; Width 20 mm...
9—Caneellaria rowelli Dall. E. of Jestis del Monte, Bolivar, Alt. 23
ADIL SS 27) Wp GL todo A Oo) any ek ee ae VT ee ee
10—Caneellaria rowelli Dall. Rear view of same specimen...
11—Mitra colombiana Weisbord n. sp. Alt. 26 mm; Width 8 mm._____
12—Mitra colombiana Weisbord n. sp, Rear view of same specimen...
13—Mitra cf. limonensis Olsson. Near Tubera, Atlantico. Alt. 36 mm;
SVE Teeter a ae ah a a le
14—Conomitra caribbeana Weisbord n. sp. Near Tubera, Atlantico. Alt.
aE Sivan SV en UGE Fas a say CA a Pe a
15—Conomitra caribbeana Weisbord n. sp. Rear view of same specimen.
16—Solenosteira cochlearis Guppy var. magdalenensis Weisbord n. var.
Near Piedras de Afilar, Atlantico. Alt. 35 mm; Width 22 mm...
17—Solenosteira cochlearis Guppy var. magdalenensis Weisbord n, var.
Rear view of same specimen
.6
No. 54, Pi
AMER. PALEONT.
Pisa Vor. 14
70 BULLETIN 54 302
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 7
FIGURE PAGE
1—Xancus magdalenensis Weisbord n. sp. Near Tubera, Atlantico.
Approximate dimensions, Alt. 190 mm; Width 93 mm._—_-______ = AG
2—Melongena colombiana Weisbord n. sp. E. of Esperanza, Bolivar,
PADS 1G Ose rena We hitb AE ey ee 43
3—Melongena colombiana Weisbord n. sp. Rear view of same speci-
HVT Sees 8 SS Ra, Ea ee a ee
4—Melongena colombiana iwieicuera n, sp. Rear view of another spe-
Gna, Nhe, OF mane Wich, 2) tani —¥ 43
5—Melongena consors (Sowerby). Alt. 75 mm; Width SOs mine aa.
6—Solenosteira falconensis (Williston). hs view of medium sized
soccmimel, Akh, 42 inns \Wiichdn 28) son, 45
7—Solenosteira falconensis? (Williston), Adult specimen of fore-
oman Nite, Gil rene \faoktelay C0) rea e ey =
8—Solenosteira falconensis? (Williston). Rear view of same speci- :
men showing longitudinal ribs behind mouth... 2 Ad
9—Strombina cyphonotus Pilsbry & Johnson. Near Puerto Colombia,
/Midleraim@@, Je, 2A. rengeng . \yificliely TB) tame. SrA?
10—Srombina cyphonotus Pilsbry & Johnson. Rear view of same speci-
ETS Te eS SI Te UNC BR 42
ees teeter colombiana Weisbord n, sp. Near Tubera, Atlantico.
PAS Gee 24s anna WW st bas tpn eee 43
12—Strombina colombia Weisbord n. sp. Front view of same speci-
ON sy ENG ae iD Ae oe eee 43
Pre42, Vom. 14: BuLi. AMER. PALEONT. No. 54, Px. 7
72 BULLETIN 54 304
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 8
FIGURE PAGE
1—Bursa crassa colombiana n. subsp. Alt. 41 mm; Wdth 26 mm. 41
2—Bursa crassa colombiana n. subsp, Rear view of same specimen... 41
3—Distorsio aff. gatunensis Toula. Near Usiacuri, Atlantico. Alt. 48
mamas Watch 2200 Winn nis ae eee eee Al
4—Distorsio cf. simillimus (Sowerby). EH. of Esperanza, Bolivar. Alt.
SS venenatis WWiev Chate aa 2 a ae ee Se eee ~ 40
5 pptunides bolvarensis Weton n. sp. E. of Esperanza, Bolivar.
Alt. 57 mm; Width 26 mm. Measurements approximate for en-
AAU = ae) 01(=) Wl LsseAeNee Neen Ae ean aye Ubi ean coicbe se tg Me ALS Ee parent iea ep SOL eC 39
6—Potamides ormei Maury. E. of Esperanza, Bolivar, Alt. 33 mm;
Witt hie 226) sree 5 ee od ee 38
7—Potamides ormei Maury. Rear view of same specimen... 38
8—Potamides maracaibensis (Williston). Near Puerto Colombia, At-
lantico. Alt. 39 mm; Width 20 mm.__ Grae Ud Dena Lesa Win va ese ies ee) xo dS 38
9—Potamides maracaibensis (Williston). Rear view of same speci-
TYNE ig seid Ad SE LR heh ERE SCCM y SCIEN Raat Ae RR Ss Cl a Re a 38
10—Potamides avus Pilsbry & Brown. Cedral, Atlantico. Young speci-
miei, Ave, BO) mans \WAlola TG} reat, a. ee 37
11—Potamides avus Pilsbry & Brown. Rear view of Mention more de-
VEO DAG! scorn WANA acOnceyeRoniioyer, 37
12—Potamides avus Pilsbry & Brown. Portion of Adult specimen... 37
13—Serpulorbis papulosus? Guppy....._/»_/_ 35
14—Turritella vistana colombiana n, subsp. Alt. 55 mm; Width 14 mm. 32
15—Petaloconchus domingensis Sowerby... 36
Hel Btaue
Oo. 54
N
AMER. PALEONT.
BULL.
14
Pi. 43, VoL.
74 BULLETIN 54 306
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 9
FIGURE PAGE
1—Turritella cartagenensis Pilsbry & Brown. Adult specimen of four
and a half whorls. Alt. 55 mm; Width 20 mm... SSeesesSsSFSF 30
2—Turritella cartagenensis Pilsbry & Brown. Specimen showing car-
moemuey Gerelhiy ylang, Ale, Zs) inmnons Wiehe 15) iaaeelo 30
3—Turritella supraconcava Hanna & Israelsky var. fredeai Hodson,
Two basal whorls of adult specimen. Alt. 42 mm; Width 28 mm....._—- 30
4—Turritella supraconcava Hanna & Israelsky var. fredeai Hodson.
AN en: GB reowons — \yvaieltein Pak woos eee eee Ait)
5—Turritella lloydsmithi Pilsbry & Brown. Alt. 50 mm; . Width 17mm, 34
6—Turritella Hoydsmithi Pilsbry & Brown. Adult specimen. Lower
inonaae Winordliss Alc, 43} mong \yVarchele, 8} see = 1734
7—Turritella gatunensis Conrad. Three medial whorls. Alt. 22 mm;
Width 11 mm, USI 2 ov a ee UE a SRS as SS Cy
8—Turritella cf. Pannen taratarana Hodeon: noe een whorls.
FAN Ge a9) “anaanaei War dite SOs prvi iiss ee pa ate 34
9—Turritella altilira Conrad var. atlanticensis Weisbord n. var. Holo-
Tsvio@o) NINE, BXO) sommes Nolte BS Tone ee BP
10—Turritella cf. falconensis (Williston) Hodson. Alt. 25 mm; Width
15 mm.__, jee eo aD SR ta LESAN 025 UTE ea a == call
11—Turritella vistana colombiana Weisbord n. subsp. Paratype. Alt.
ANTM ana TT eV iG a Qe hava nh eee ae ee 382
12—Pelinices (Mammilla) brunnea Linck. Alt. 35 mm; Width 29 mm. 29
13—Natica canrena (Linnaeus) Moerch. Alt. 25 mm; Width 22 mm.__ 28
14—Natica cuspidata Guppy. Usiacuri, Atlantico. Alt. 35 mm; Width
XQ ANNAN ee Dae a es en So ee le Rennes ee Rie CAN se PAR ries tS 28
15—Architectonica granulatum (Lamarck). Width 20 mm; Alt: 14 mm. 27
Pi. 44, Vo. 14 BuLi. AMER. PALEONT. No. 54, Px. 9
INDEx TO VOLUME XIV
Note:- Light face figures refer to the volume paging and not to the
paging of the separate bulletins.
volume plate numbers.
A
Aiazanetormatlones = a
Aleetaoionn seilnaey a se 23
terebratula, Gox2=.- 95. 23
Ammodiscus incertus ——.----- 4
TMIGERGl Sie ee ees
JATAONEN WISE, Thy XS, Ses Se 9
Amphistegina mexicana -— 2
Aganpullined ea oe
(OREIE@NOUN,. yet ees ene eee ee
Aumirsiuin lina ee 38
Angulogerina gallowayi_.- 5
iNnomalinas Om sees 34
eTOSSehucOsa = === 32
MTT ON eee
Timp oONatay ee
Anomia septenaris —---_-- 2
Antigona caribbeana -——~-- 39
At. camera disease ee
Pre
Architectonica chiraensis _. 17
fiealleyebnon ee 44
japonillensis— === 17
Srl Negra cares ree ee 7
Asaphis delicatus ——_-—----—- 40
Atrina talarensis --—-------— 9
INT ADN RIG eee Pe ele se a ee
Xilacodaseusit ee
B
Bolivinaeeraciisy === === 5
Bulimina guaybalensis 1
TMH Galena ee 3
Bursa crassa colombiana .. 43
Gallocardia salvia == — 13
Galyptrea, saxosa == === 18
Calyptraphorus lissoni ——— 23
Cancellaria dariena ------- 41
epistomifera var.
ACWHCATINa bays = 41
TOWED lin ees ee Al
Cardiam: brantly = 39
Testinensen 16
SIUC UIN ee 16
SQLT ACI 39
Garolia) parinensis) =) = 8
IQ GT Uae 1 ele eee 7
Cassidea maccormacki ——— Pape
Cassidulina globosa —...-
lomitensis var.mexicana 5
Ceratobulimina declivis var.
MexXTGala, se 5
EBay se SES
Gerithium boweni -----—---— 20
hopkinst == 21
TUG Ope EAS 20
SETA UO pe 21
Chama corticosaformis ——~— 39
Chapapote tormation -—
Cnicontepee formation —-—
Cnilostomella ovoidea —-——-
Cnilostomelloides oviformis
Chione bolivarensis -------——
latilirata colombiana —. 39
Wsiacurina = 39
Cibicides conoideus --—-—------ 2
pseudowuellorstorfi --— 1
SPSS (20) ce 4
EUSP ANNE LISS eee ee 32,34
Clavilithes lagunitensis ——— 26
Peruvlan Se
pOZ0eSISs) 26
WOOGrInN gi) =n 26
Clavulina communis ————— 33
euayabalensis, == —— i
Clementia dariena -———
dariena dariena 40
parinensis —————-__-_—_ 13
peLuviana) Sees)
restinensis)| ———————_————— 12
Cole, W. S., on Guayabal
foramimnitera
Cole, W. S., on the Chapa-
pote foraminifera
Conomitra caribbeana ——-— 41
Conus colombiensis ——--— 40
MOlis'- 2.42 eee 41
Con.
DOSt Sle 16
busera, == ae 2S lG
rede 16
hexacyma) === 40
jabonillacnsisi == 16
Mepritensis) sees 16
salina) 2 eee =) FG
taneara seen 16
@Gorulina. eee
Crassatellites aviaguensis __ 38
reevei pleurarostra -—— 38
Cuspicorbula, n. sect, ——-—
CGypred- bores) 21
Cythara heptagona? 40
3°7
Heavy face figures refer to the
D
Dentalina cucarensis ---—.-. 3
oul, ee 8)
Dentalium solidissimum > ahi 40
Dermatomya harrisi ——...- 38
Dimorphina chapapotensis - =) es}
Diplodonta? dissona ...- 14
Discocyclina clarki —-..... 2
Discorbis jacksonensis ——--.-
Distorsio aff. gatunensis _. 43
Siimanlllbreanbyss | 43
Donax capparia __—_ 14
PaAnlen'Sis pease ee 14
DOS OP SiS ie eeneooeues 14
Dorsanum parinense 23
Drillia puertocolombiana —.. 40
E
Echinochama antiquata? .. 39
Ectinochilus gaudichaudi _— 21
Ellipsonodisaria rotundata _ 34
Eovasum peruvianum —.......
Epistomina bradyi --- 2
Epitonium peruvianum _... 17
Eponides guayabalensis —- 2
baaY(e PCL OFEN alfa te “pee WS oA 2
Eutrephoceras haughti — 28
TAC ASVONSS) 31
F
Fissurina romettensis 34
Gaudryina gaudryinoides .. 2
Glandulina radicula ___--_ 3
Globigerina apertura —_...-
Del ersig ere tit sodas ishainttne te saa 4
lowililoncleg
cerro-azulensis --.-..- 32
QOCAGMNNCA: 32,34
SDL eas egies eee ne SN
LTNAL AGED) pee eee 4
TONGPOUCAMNE) a 33
OIA O MEO NEMS) | 5
WHOPOMIGTASMS) oe
SrAtUllesiohialat ae ek ee Sb ba Oe es 4
Globorotalia crassata 1
Globorotalia spinulosa 2
Globulinavcibbay === 4
Glycymeris canalis var.
colombiensis ——--- 37
Noydsmithie == ee 36
var. multicostata _____ 2
chaumetaccuiss ees ae 37
Grateloupia peruviana —_ 13
Guayabal formation ——._
Guttulina problema — 4
Gyroidina girardana _.____
guayabalensis _..-_ 2
soldanii var. octo-
CAMEeTra tas: ener 2
H
Eanmine ame apitae aan aerees 25
solaria —_— eae
Hantkenina alabamensis
ONO'S Ieee 4
Haplophragmoides chapapo-
GEMS Shapes ee eee ann 33
Hemicristellaria scitula —____ 32
subaculeata var. glab-
Tatar eke ee
Hercoglossa peruviana —— 28
L
Laevicardium Cintas ea 39
Lagena sesquistriata ieee SOT
Lamarckinachapapotensis ____ 34
Lamelliconcha negritensis — 13
Matonamiprosopsicy =n 14
Lenticulina chapapotensis — 32
CONVELS CNS ees 32
Suyabalensisi sees 1
THe tas pate eke we ce 1
Lepidocyclina wayland-
Veewied aan 35
Lingulina mexicana _..__._ 1
Lobitos formation
TSU ea Gat biol sei a en
Lyothrina peruviana —— _ 30
Lymilayesabulosay seen 22
M
Macoma talarensis —_....__ 14
Macrocallisitapincas a a 13
Mangelia heptagona —— ~~ 40
Marginulina subbullata —_ 5
Melongena colombiana 42
CONS OTS wees ee. se Repeal 42
levifusoides 22
oedicnema — ee 22
Metis trinitaria colom-
DITETISIS yee nee ee 40
Mitra colombiana, 22 = 41
limonensis Soveyc Cebee ts. 41
swainsoni var. limonen-
STG Gol Malek ana tesh Ae Me HE
Mytilus euglyphus var.
AGING ee 9
N
INEMEN@R, CBMNEAING, — 44
CMISiONC NE: wc 44
TaMenooooa UU reS © Se
TOGIEWAV NE), ee 18
Negritos formation —
SING Vie rei ea ol 5 ee NR
Nodosaria sp. —.--._--_-_ 1,3
Even ine) Lo
cocozensis var. mexi-
Canla tanaka ee eee 3
CONSORIN ayaa ees 3
OPAC eset ne eA geile eta 3
ING os a
jacksonensis
mexicana
oolinata
wegemanni
Nonion chapapotensis
floriensis
micrus
Nonion micrus
turgidus var. mexicanus
ef. umbilicatulus
O
Oliva cylindrica
Olivancillaria saxosa
Olivella vicana -
Olsson, A. A., on Peru
Mollusea
Operculina bartschi var.
plana
cushmani et
Orthophragmina elarki_
peruviana
Ostrea messor colombiensis
negritensis
osculum
samanensis
Ovula negritensis
Oxyperas
Pale Greda formation
Parinas formation
Recten oniortont 22.22. =
Peruluta, n. su. gen.
Petaloconchus domingensis -
Pitaria negritensis ______
parinensis
salsola
samanensis
saponaria
sciaena
Plectofrondicularis sp.
mexicana
Polinices cf. brunnea
harrisi
samanensis
vicanus
VisOXOUG IS | | OS a
Polymorphina communis
spathulata
Potamides avus
bolivarensis
MAractibensise =
ormei
Proroporus mexicanus
Pseudoliva modesta __.
monilis
mutabilis
mutabilis var.
douvillei
37
mutabilis var. woodsi -
parinasensis
parinasensis var.
mancoreasis ean
parinasensis var.samanica
Pulvinulinella culter
culter var. mexicana ___
Pugulina
Pullenia quinqueloba
VIR OR SD vues oe
Pyrula otaria
Quinqueloculina hermosa —_~
R
IRMEvoyaloezise saveniavouy 2-2 ee
Restin horniatione aes
Kobinulina articulatus
hobulina alato-limbatus
tobulus mexicanus
plummere
propinquus
pseudocultratus —.__
pseudovortex
Rotalia dorri
Kotaliatina mexicana —.__..
s
Saccammina spherica
Salina formation
Scapharea chiriquiensis var.
bolivari
grandisy =.= eae
grandis var. cedralensis
grandis colombiensis —~
pittieri
Sconsia? samanica
Serpulorbis papulosus
Sigaticus
Siphonina claibornensis
tenuicarinata == 2
Solenosteira cochlearis var.
magdalenensis —
falconensis —_—— eet
Spiroplectoides annectens __
Spisula caleta
callistoides
deserta
hualtaca
parinensis
summa =a.
Spondylus colombiensis . Seer
Strombina colombiana
cyphonotus -._-....
Surcula nuevagranada >
T
Tempoal formation -....___+_
Telescopium parinense —_
samanense We
Terebra bipartita —__ :
399
25
24
126
123
124
215
131
122
gatunensis
isaacpetiti
pettiti
Textularia chapapotensis __
eocaena
mexicana
Thracia staufti
Triloculina’ gibba
Tritaxilina mexicana
Tritonidea staufti
Trochamminoides guayabal-
ensis __.. BCE SAIN, SOUS
Turris albida barretti
eAlllonGley, \alrgeyo)
Turritella altilira var,
atlanticensis
boughtoni
cartagenensis
chira
falconensis
gatunensis
ef.gatunensis taratarana
hopkinsi
iddingsi
keswickensis
lloydsmithi
samanensis
series
supraconeava var.
fredeai
U
Uvigerina blanca-costata _.
elongata
gladysz
pygmea
rippensis
44
V
Vaginulina costifera ________ 2 320
legumen var. elegans $s 38—s- 22:1
Wid oh tile en ee ees Sota
Venericardia dominica -____ 37,38 249
a Ciba Cay te ea ee 6
TSHR NE), bh ey)
planicosta group —__ 71
planicosta var. negri-
tensis) Jee 10 3 =—72
planicosta var. parin-
CNSI'S yee eee 10 3=—72
planicosta var. restin-
GNSS) ae Se elo
planicosta var. saman-
ENS) gee ee es TE ee 11 74
Scalbricostata ae 249
tennyiG== ae ee 38 250
Vermetus papulosa —_.._._ 267
sculpturatus 268
Verneuilina palmere ______ 2 12
Mit, WENGE) Al?
Virginulina mexicana 5 2b
Voluta mancorensis —_______ 27 138
POXSE ALO RAZ) OVE rasa alee Le ey 136
Volutospina peruviana — _ 136
Vulvulina advena ___ 32,34 206
Gis SOwNOsSe Tc alt,
Weisbord, Norman, on Col-
ombian Miocene Mol-
IWS Cai shiek eves aoe 233
Xancus magdalenensis — __ 42 278
peruvianus —_. 26° 135
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