ee a ee es t 5, aac. Bonarelli: 22-2 0 ee ee eee 47 Genus Brad fordia=Buckman’ oo ee ee 48 Family Hildoceratidae Hyatt ........ Be Sogo eat eer ces At ls 52 Genus, (Preudqltoderas Buckman of... ccc ee 52 Genus A sthenoceras sb uckrnian oer cee ee 61 Family Hammatoceratidae™ Buckimany 2qcco eee ee eee 63 Genus jhudmetocerasibuckMany rss ee ee 72 Appendix: Eudmetoceras nucleospinosum Westermann, 1964 .............. 82 Genus Planammatoceras Buckman) 92 90 Family *Sonniniidae™ Buckman) 2200... ee ee 92 Genus Sounimia Bayle: 5 cece teecect ee ee ee 92 Genus, W2tchellia, (Buckman: 2.2.02. seek See ee ee 108 Genus -Pelckodites: Buckman | .2..:-34..02- 3a 126 Family Otoitidae Mascke ......... Sevitss potest 128 Genus, Docidoceras Buckman ses eee Lee 133 Genus Pseudotoites “Spath. <2... s...04 5 eee 157 References; -2::cc2-tsiccrxsageseste bees Se ee 166 Russian summary, wees Soph ee ee eee 172 Blateshs et. ene BEA eee, sol gh ahiay aera Sete ae et sta, Ren 173 THE AMMONITE FAUNA OF THE KIALAGVIK FORMATION AT WIDE BAY, ALASKA PENINSULA PART IL. SONNINIA SOWERBYI ZONE (BAJOCIAN) Gerp E. G. WESTERMANN McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario ABSTRACT The contact between Kialagvik and Shelikof Formations is now drawn at the base of the Callovian regional unconformity; this accords with the original definition and eliminates strong heterochroneity. The Sonninia sowerbyi (Standard) Zone is represented by, below, at least 35 m subgreywacke, greywacke, and mudstone containing the Eudmetoceras amplectens assemblage [E. amplectens zonule] and, above, 50-100 m dark shales with concretions containing the Pseudocidoceras assemblage [Pseudocidoceras zonule.] Part of the incompetent shales are often missing due to strike-slip faulting above the E. amplectens zonule. The underlying E. howelli Zone is separated by 80-100 m poorly exposed, unfossiliferous, and little investigated clastics; the overlying O. sauzei Zone is separated by 110-130 m unfossiliferous sandstone and shale. The E. amplectens zonule has yielded Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) am- plectens (Buckman), Docidoceras (?), Bradfordia? (Praeoppelia), and Hebe- toxyites and is accordingly placed in the lower S. sowerbyi Zone, L. discites Subzone, of the lowermost Bajocian. The Pseudocidoceras zonule includes, be- low, Sonninia (Euhoploceras), Eudmetoceras klimakomphalum (Vacek), and Docidoceras s.s. also attesting the L. discites Subzone, and, above, abundant evolute Witchellia indicating middle to upper S. sowerbyi Zone. The Ammonoidea are placed in 15 genera, none new, 13 subgenera with three new [Sonninia (Alaskoceras), Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras), Brad- fordia? (Praeoppelia) |, 30 species with 13 to 20 new of which nine are named [Partschiceras ellipticum, Pseudolioceras costistriatum, Sonninia (Euhoploceras) bifurcata, S. (Alaskeceras) alaskensis, Witchellia sutneroides, Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) widebayense, D. (P.) camachoi, D.2 (P.?) paucinodosum, Bradfordia? (Pracoppelia) oppeliiformis], and two subspecies [Pseudolioceras maclintocki fastigatum, Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) klimakomphalum dis- coidale |. About one-half of the Ammonitina genera and subgenera range higher than in Europe. Affinities are closest to Europe and secondly to South America; affinities to the Western Pacific (Western Australia and Indonesia) are weak and could be accounted for indirectly by migration via Europe and South America. All genera are also known from other continents and only Pseudo- toites is restricted to the Pacific. High faunistic diversity and species distribu- tion suggest a somewhat lower latitude or a lower temperature gradient than at present, or a combination of both factors. PREFACE This is the second part of a study of the extraordinarily rich and well-preserved ammonoid fauna from Wide Bay (former- ly Kialagvik Bay) comprising the almost universal assemblage of the Bajocian Sonninia sowerbyi Zone of the Upper Kialagvik For- mation. The first part (Westermann, Bull. Amer. Paleont., vol. 47, No. 216, 1964) dealt with the Erycitoides howelli Zone which was correlated with the Ludwigia concava Zone of the Aalenian (for- merly called Lower Bajocian) . The great bulk of the E. howelli fauna was believed to be en- demic to Alaska and the western Canadian Arctic until recently 6 BULLETIN 255 when Sey and Kalacheva (1967) reported the same fauna from the southern coast of the Okhotsk Sea in far eastern Siberia: late Toarcian sandstone with Pseudoliceras beyrichi (Schloenbach) are overlain by approximately 480 m siltstones which bear at the base P. maclintocki (Haughton) s.s. of early Aalenian age, in the middle part Erycitoides howelli (White), E. (Kialagvikites) spinatus West- ermann, Pseudolioceras maclintocki whiteavest (White), P. (?) aff. P.m. whiteavesi, and Inoceramus sp., and above Inoceramus sp. and P. (?) aff. P.m. whiteavesi. These siltstones pass into 370 m sandstones and siltstones with Inoceramus sp., followed by Upper Jurassic beds with erosional unconformity. The £. howelli fauna has for the first time permitted the accurate dating of the thick Middle Jurassic terrigenous sequences distributed throughout east- ern Siberia. Furthermore, Tmetoceras cf. T. flexicostatum Wester- mann has now also been reported from the southern Andes (West- ermann, 1967). While Part | of this monograph was in press, the author visit- ed Wide Bay (Text-figs. 1,2) in August of 1964 for two weeks dur- ing which 10 days were suitable for field work. Mr. Phillip Hub- bard, then a geology student at Oregon State University, assisted in the field. McMaster University and the National Research Coun- cil of Canada financed this short expedition. All transportation was by air, with commercial airlines to King Salmon at the eastern end of Bristol Bay and small chartered planes expertly piloted by bush pilots, via Pilot Point at Ugashik Bay to Wide Bay making use of the intertidal slope at Preston Creek (Camp A) and a small air strip of former oil exploration at the mouth of Short Creek (Camp B). After detailed fossil collecting in the S. sowerby: Zone along the sea cliffs east of Camp A, a chartered float plane from Pilot Point moved the Camp to location B on the northwestern side of the bay where the £. howelli Zone of the coastal bluffs from Pass Creek to the head of the bay and the important sections along Short and Anderson Creeks were re-examined. Important technical advice and aid were given by Charles Rowett, then at the Univer- sity of Alaska, R. L. Detterman and T. B. Ball of the U.S. Geo- logical Survey, Alaska Branch, and by M. V. Kirk of Shell Oil Company. The completion of the second part of this monograph was de- layed because of the necessary re-investigation and taxonomic re- ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 7 ALASKA oS BRISTOL BAY aw & KO WS'WIDE e BAY ies oicaus ps PACIFIC OCEAN 3 > { >? Ae ° ei: ¢ Prk, fe) 100 += 200 S » ——————— Scale in Km Text-fig. 1— Index map of south Alaska. visions of the northwestern European and South American repre- sentatives of the almost universal S. sowerby: Zone ammonite assemblages. Particularly the Hammatoceratidae and Sonniniidae have been either in a state of utter taxonomic confusion as reflect- ed in the classification of Buckman (1887-1907; 1909-30: NW Eu- rope), or are poorly known with regard to range variation and affinity (South America). Type specimens were studied in the British Museum of Natural History and in the Geological Survey Museum, London, with the help of M. K. Howarth and F. M. Anderson; the subgenus Sonninia (Euhoploceras) Buckman was thoroughly revised (Westermann, 1966) ; the most important classi- cal sections in the southern Andes of Chile and Argentina were re- examined (Westermann, 1967) ; plastotypes of specimens described in Tornquist’s (1898) monograph were kindly sent by H. K. Schmidt, University of Géttingen, and those of Jaworski’s (1926) monograph were sent by H. K. Erben, University of Bonn, Ger- many. Of particular interest were the circum-Pacific genus Pseudo- toites Spath and the alleged Australian Zemistephanus of which 8 BULLETIN 255 plaster casts of topotypes were furnished by P. J. Coleman, Uni- versity of Western Australia, and by R. W. Imlay, U.S. Geological Survey. The author also re-examined in 1963 the S. sowerbyi Zone locations of Lupher (1941) in east-central Oregon and Crickmay’s (1933) Bajocian section at Mount Jura, California. Plastotypes of the sonniniids from the inaccessible old collecting point at Lake Minewanka in the Alberta foothills (cf. Frebold, 1957a) were furnished by D. McLaren and H. Frebold, Geological Survey of Canada. The author owes sincere gratitude to R. W. Imlay, U.S. Geo- logical Survey, Washington, D.C., for making available to him all fossil collections of the Survey from the S$. sowerbyi Zone of Wide Bay and also for furnishing the plastotypes of all ammonites de- scribed and figured by him. The survey collections (USGS) were made by Walter R. Smith in 1924, S. N. Daviess in 1944, L. B. Kellum in 1943 and 1945, and R. W. Imlay and Don Miller in 1948. A small collection was lent by L. G. Hertlein, of California Academy of Sciences (C.A.S.) in San Francisco, and a few speci- mens were made available by V. S. Mallory of the Thomas Burke Memorial Washington State Museum, University of Washington (U.W.) in Seattle. M. V. Kirk, Shell Oil Company, who loaned the entire Aalenian and early Bajocian collections of Wide Bay for the first part of this monograph, furnished stratigraphic in- formation (cf. Part I) and polaroid photographs of a number of ammonites from the S. sowerby: Zone. However, most unfortun- ately, the entire fossil collection had to be returned to Shell Oil Company in 1964 after only a preliminary survey of the S. sowerbyi assemblages was completed. The taxonomy of the Hammatocera- tidae was fruitfully discussed with E. Elmi, Université de Lyon, and B. Géczy, Museum Korut, Budapest. Mrs. Gay Walker redrew the text-figures and Miss V. Elkington made the prints from films taken by the author. STRATIGRAPHY UPPER BOUNDARY AND CORRELATION OF THE KIALAGVIK FORMATION The difficulties of correlation and definition of formational contacts caused by strong lateral facies changes are enhanced by ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN i) the development of paraconformities with hiati as indicated by fossils and by bedding plane faults which are difficult to detect. In the first part of this monograph (Westermann 1964a, text- fig. 4 opp. p. 338), I adopted the lithostratigraphic correlation and formational boundaries of Shell Oil Company as communicated by M. V. Kirk, although the alternate position of the formational contact Kialagvik-Shelikof as placed by the U.S. Geological Sur- vey had also been indicated. Without direct knowledge of the exposures I chose to reproduce the results based on the more ex- tensive field work which — as admitted by R. W. Imlay of the U.S. Geological Survey — was that carried out by Shell Oil Company. This correlation resulted in a remarkable alleged heterochroneity of the formational contact transgressing along the NW side of Wide Bay through a lateral distance of only 10 km from the top of the E. howelli Zone (Moose Creek — Mt. Kathleen section) to the top of the O. sauzer Zone (Mt. Mamie section) and back to the E. howelli Zone (Short Creek section) involving a stratigraphic in- terval of 200-300 m. Along the southeastern side of the bay, the contact was placed within the intermediate S. sowerbyi Zone. Based on my subsequent brief field work at Wide Bay in summer, 1964, I now adhere to the definition and correlation of the formational boundary as originally implied by Capps (1922) and as amended and defined by Kellum, Daviess, and Swinney in 1944 (1945), previous to the more recent mapping by Shell Oil Company (unpublished) . The base of the Shelikof Formation was originally (Capps, 1922) placed at the regional unconformity (locally a paracon- formity) developed throughout the “Cold Bay” [Puale Bay] area including “Kialagvik Bay” [Wide Bay], of the terrigenous and tuffaceous beds bearing the Callovian guide fossil Cadoceras. While at Puale Bay the Shelikof lies directly on the Lower Jurassic, a thick Middle Jurassic sequence (Aalenian and lower Bajocian) is present at Wide Bay, which Capps (1922) named the Kialagvik Formation. However, Capps had only visited the north- west side of the bay where the Bajocian (s.s.) is reduced, and he probably did not see the actual contact which is usually concealed, nor was he able to compile a complete stratigraphic section from the isolated exposures (op. cit., p. 95). The upper expanse of the 10 BULLETIN 255 Kialagvik Formation becomes evident from the described ex- posures of “sandstones, sandy shale and conglomerate.” Besides the E. howelli Zone of the bluffs, Capps’ Kialagvik Formation also included the O. sauzei Zone of location No. 1-113 (10809), about | km upstream Caribou Creek at the west end of the bay. Pre- viously T. W. Stanton (in Capps, 1922, p. 96) noted that the Sonninia and Inoceramus from this locality are “identical with forms in No. 33 of Martin’s Tuxedni Bay section’ (Martin and Katz, 1912, p. 61: lot No. 33 with “Stephanoceras, Harpoceras, etc.”’) [O. sauzei Zone] and are younger than the E. howelli as- semblage. This location is probably identical with location F 20 of Kellum, et al. (1945, fig. 2): “Section near Camp 3” which was placed in the “Jnoceramus sp. C. Subzone.” According to Kellum, et al. (loc. cit.) the sandstone bearing this assemblage [O. sauzei Zone] is separated from the “Hammatoceras Zone” [E. howelli Zone] beneath by an unconformity and about 125 m of poorly exposed beds including, above, grey-green silty sandstones with abundant plant fragments. The ‘Moose Creek - Mt. Kathleen sec- tion” of Shell Oil Company includes Capp’s original Kialagvik location No. 1-113 which, however, is placed in the Shelikof Formation, 100-120 m above the formational contact at the top of the E. howelli Zone. Kellum, et al. (1945), who carried out a summer’s field work in 1944 and produced the geological map of Wide Bay, logically continued Capps’ preliminary work and _ successfully attempted to compile and correlate the three sections of Caribou, Anderson, and Short Creeks. ‘Their placing and correlation of the formational contact appears essentially correct and in agreement with the orig- inal definition. In the Anderson Creek section (“Creek near Camp No. 2” of Kellum, et al., “Mt. Mamie section” of Shell Oil Com- pany) , the contact was placed similarly by Kellum, et al. and Shell Oil Company, i.e. above the sandstones of the O. sauzer Zone (by Shell Oil Company at top of “Seymourites subzone’’?). The al- leged correlation of the F. howelli Zone sandstones of Caribou Creek with the O. sauzei Zone sandstones of Anderson Creek as proposed by Shell Oil Company, appears to be due to the strati- graphic approximation of the respective arenite series in the latter section; the intermittent argillaceous sequence has become thinner, ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 11 more arenaceous and carbonaceous (Kellum, et al. 1945, fig. 7 Shell location No. A 601 (F43) has been re-examined (WA 14) and is now dated as O. sauze: Zone, based on the presence of Parabigotites crassicostatus Imlay. Shell location No. A 600 (E42)5 10-12 m lower in the section, is poorly fossiliferous, but a single ?Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras), based on preliminary identification in 1964, would suggest up to 50-60 m possible S. sowerbyi Zone in arenaceous-argillaceous and, below, carbonaceous facies. In the Short Creek section, 5 km northeast of Anderson Creek, only the EF. howelli Zone is predominantly arenaceous and conglom- eratic. ‘This sequence is overlaid by 30-40 m barren grey shales, well exposed at the steep right bank near the mouth of a tributary. Above follow about 150 m of silty shale with several thick beds of conglomeratic sandstone and lenticular limestone, the lower 50 m of which have now definitely been placed in the O. sauzei Zone [L 1062: Stemmatoceras cf. S. triptolemus (Morris and Ly- cett) , L 1038: ‘Witchellia’ adnata Imlay, WA16: Parabigotites sp.]; Inoceramus lucifer Eichwald ranges almost to the top of this sequence (F4, F24, F25, WMla) which, therefore, probably belongs entirely in the O. sauzet Zone (cf. Imlay, 1955, p. 86). This se- quence is conformably overlaid by dark grey shales with diabase sills which have yielded Callovian ammonites at 140-150 m above base [A463, F5] and are probably entirely of Callovian age. The Kialagvik-Shelikof contact is, therefore, at the top of the silty shale and sandstone series of the O. sauzei Zone, as placed by Kellum, et al. (1945). The 30-40 m barren shales of the Short Creek section separat- ing the arenite sequences of E. howelli and O. sauzei Zones may be- long in the S. sowerbyi Zone. These shales can tentatively be cor- related with the poorly exposed argillaceous sequences near the bases of the Caribou Creek and Anderson Creek sections and, per- haps, with the Psewdocidoceras zonule (? and all or part of the overlying unfossiliferous interbedded shales and sandstones) of the southeastern side of the bay. Along the southeastern shore of Wide Bay, east of Preston Creek, the bluffs and cliffs expose from the base (1) 10-20 m unfossiliferous mudstone with some greywacke beds, (2) about 22 m interbedded silty shale and greywacke grading upwards 1 BULLETIN 255 in massive fossiliferous subgreywacke [E. amplectens zonule of S. sowerbyi Zone}: (3) 50-60 m (? to 100 m) mostly highly fossili- ferous shales with concretions [Psewdocidoceras zonule of S. sowerbyi Zone] grading upwards into (4) 80-100 m unfossiliferous interbedded sandy shales and sandstones which are topped by (5) fossiliterous subgreywackes with intermittent silty shale [Parabigo- tites zonule of O. sauzei Zone]. The E. howelli Zone emerges im- mediately west of Preston Creek but crops out below sea level eastward. The small cape just west of the mouth of Preston Creek which forms the base of a high bluff (Shell loc. L 154) belongs to the T. tenue zonule, formerly T. tenwe-flexicostatum zonule of the highest £. howelli Zone, lower horizons of which are exposed in the shore cliff at the western end of the Bay (Shell locs. L 555, L556). However, Shell location L 154 in the E. howelli Zone and my locations WA 3 and WA 4 which yielded the lowest probable S. sowerbyi Zone faunules are stratigraphically separated by about 80-100 m unfossiliferous terrigenous sediments, so that the position of the zonal boundary is unknown. At least most of the bluff west of Preston Creek is roughly equivalent to the bluffs along the northwestern shore of Wide Bay, including the base of the Caribou Creek section, while the bluff of the E. amplectens zonule east of Preston Creek seems un- represented at the other side of the bay. The Pseudocidoceras zonule may be equivalent to the 30-70 m argillaceous beds overlying the E. howell: sandstones at the northwestern side of the bay. The Parabigotites zonule and probably also at least part of the under- lying interbedded sandstone-shale sequence belong to the “Dactylio- ceras-Inoceramus sp. C. Zone” [O. sauzet Zone] of Kellum, et al. (1945) which they believed to be the most persistent zone in the Wide Bay area. This forms the upper thick arenaceous complex of the Kialagvik Formation. However, Kellum, et al. (1945, p. 7; diagrammatic section on map B) wrongly correlated the southeastern shore exposures with the better known sequence of the other side of Wide Bay. The “sea cliffs . . . from 314 miles from the end of the peninsula .. . all the way to the end of the bay and... continuing . . . in the mountain front beyond to the head of the valley’, believed to represent the “Dactylicoeras-Inoceramus sp. C. Zone’, belong in ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 13 the northeast to the lower S. sowerbyi Zone and in the southwest to the upper E. howelli Zone. In their diagrammatic section, the Kialagvik-Shelikof contact was drawn at the top of the Pseudocido- ceras zonule but on their geologic map at the top of the E. amplectens zonule and, southwest of Preston Creek, probably near the top of the E. howell: Zone. LOCALITY SYMBOLS Shell, USGS.,C.AS. Westermann a Lower Callovian ia) a ower vid Pass : Vv Vv O. sauzei Zone REEK 4 A S. sowerbyi Zone ° e E. howelli Zone <@ Undetermined WB MN oe 9 0) 1 2 3 Sy (Af a -, 9 Ko he, /3m@ (=4463) ° & fe) | y(=L 1038) YL i062 WB be 3 a N %, CAMP B . 2@(=F55) © $50 a GaN Osi ; : (S 5 % Les & & 608 : 605 at: \?)A600 fo 0 5 = = = ee | (= A601) : = Oy 6 WB ay > li {float)) ~ Mt. Frances PRESTON CR. CR APNE (8km to \ 19922) Text-fig. 2. — Index map of fossil localities at Wide Bay; U.S. Geological Survey: 5-digit numbers and prefix F, Shell Oil Co.: prefixes A and L; author: prefixes WA, WB and bold numbers. Enlarged (x 3.2) insert of SE. side of Wide Bay, drawn from air photograph; with S. sowerbyi Zone localities and outcrop of E. amplectens zonule (shaded) indicated. BULLETIN 255 14 (T° %) Fey Ia] “J9) suodes ay} FO SUSUIOINSBOW pue s90UdIINIIO J}IUOWIWIE See ‘sraqUINU UOHBIO] YIM (IUOZ 17zZNVS “GC :cT PU I VM) 2U0Z iM qsamos “§ ayy Fo sdoiojno ay} Ajpeoneuayos Burmoys ‘yaar UOWSIIg JO YNOW ay} FO ISB WY G°C 0} WY ST WorZ ‘ALG APIA JO SFFI[P P1OYS “AS 4} FO yo394S —"E “BIF-3K9T, sasjaw ul aj00s ‘xoiddp 001 OS 0 (¢¥M) WoS <— aReyn (vlo62 SV9) - a rN SM 8 ¥M (9p moi) — eee jana] api, ybIy > [Suissiw alz sopioopnasd| ayAp 4|0S0q (pju92) M S (SOv2l SOSN) wy 81> _ (11062 SW) , ziz sosn Sb esGe Sane (9bS71 1184S) se wy rihao (02861 ‘69861 S9SN) (zgzi2 ‘29861 S9SN) 11 UM Ol VM (pesodxa 40u) (pyuoo) IN ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 15 NW side of WIDE BAY SE side (Anderson Creek) (Short Creek) (composite) = SAUZE| i x Dyin eee | (WV) ) ame, 300 7 | O Barabiga‘ites zle eo Se Viz x OY rire erm = fy ee = lJ ae ign sills ae 'Seymourites subz—- 49 200m A al i Alo A (15)? As = A2-4s5 > © a — a > [50m = O7?F4I E = HOWELLI ZONE : @12}3,4 3 tenue zle 7 iC OLIS4 Text-fig. 4.— Tentative correlations of the upper Kialagvik Formation between the Anderson Creek and Short Creek sections at the northwest side (part. Kellum, ef a/., 1945) and the SE. side (composite) of Wide Bay. The important fossil localities, formational contacts, ammonite zones and zonules are indicated. BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE KIALAGVIK FORMATION ERYCITOIDES HOWELLI ZONE The results of my brief field work in 1964 (Text-figs. 2-9) are consistent with the faunal sequences as reported from the Kialagvik Formation along the northwestern side of Wide Bay in the first part of this monograph (Westermann, 1964a, p. 339 ff.) . The thicknesses of the faunal zonules and their intervals are con- firmed for the Short Creek and Caribou Creek sections except for the E. howelli zonule which now appears somewhat thicker. How- "(4 “Brj-3x9} @ $96T ‘UURUIIA}SIAA “JO) Pa}BOIPUL SUOT}BIOT [ISssOy “S1oyJO pue ‘(4961) ABlwy ‘(S+t6T) ‘yo ya “wnyJayM ‘(ZZ6T) SddeQ YUM Surps099e ‘Ayu1oyuooeied UeTAO][e) 94} Je UMEIP MOU SI JIEJUOD [BUOIUIOF FOYLIYS-YIABE[LIY PY], “PUOT 1jamwo0y “YF eur yo do} ay} st aouarayar zo aueyd ‘AEG aPIAA JO SApIs “|S PUe "MAN 24} Suole UONRUIOT YABeleEry 9y} FO UOTIeS IJEWWLISEIP Pastasy—“¢ “BIF-1X9,], QP > Pauimsajapuyy ajz anuay. Ss HSI 19 A au07Z 1|;eMoy 3 e ° wi. ur a[025 3NOZ 1113MOH z @u0Z 1Aquamos S \/ My es 19/ t ——— = aa = guoz 'aznosQtéiA A oof 002 0! re) ~~ jz suajoaidwo gpsiy _ws's Nou (io =e 20H INGCZ Seon (FS 3 7184S 1184S UDIAO||0D 4907 5 Qo GCOEMMOCOGMOGO! 4 TORE GG) Seve B Your 1M Ne uuowsesayq SW O'SOSN'He4S ; Jopin0Dnasg aw oe) = eee pee ‘ SIOBWAS ALINVICT aay 8 bp s SNOZ ajz sayjobiqoJ0g 2yM a IVM {a 2 [wnssios 1] 7 \aznvs x [snwio1a90u)] (a) 1t) ‘ W4 XIADV VIA 2, + & a: Sole a ee —Wa JONMBHS Pb IN ‘ A v c SS Se 2 V4 it eeennreran, ae aaa = : eee aN ms . e ° ajZ 1;;aMoy MO . ae ta ht Giveds ae iv 2 :AOG aDIM $0 APIS “ZS Lert oo re ee “y = OC aaa ae eee SINOZ ‘ Be pepe a a > Z ajz sas, SS Miers scp ie De aaa > A es88M m oe IW14SMOH da = faiz soxa00jawipn3] = z vcs : t SS D> = = ee eso ae C= = a < ajzZ anuay 218M { ’ aizenuay gilv a ee eS __ & ANOZ IABYSMOS & coowige) ae D 290114 23) sajyobiqosog (fb 4 '109V=) pI BAA a > SIGMA a 3NOZ 4 ee 0US | ro) ee ScOll A ers 2 zeus + = Gepes(a) [snuouasoul] 1AZNVS SS (094™) EAA 2 SSS « <——, —Ttiat NASW AIVIn 2 SvS ee RT ONaaS W3 JOMIN3HS 2py Ged ,8u0ZQNS sajyiunowhes Vi spaq sosa90pn9 |, O > is c ° clemnet o = [19S NONNVHS LW] [19s 9's] [19S JINVW LW] [40S NS3IHLYY LW-YOaSCON] == 433Y¥9 1YOHS M335Y9 NOSYH3Z0NV W33Y9 (IVIV) NOPlsVO = aN M’S :A0g api 40 apiS MN Phylloceras (Zetoceras) cf. P. zetes (ORB.) Partschiceras ellipticum sp. Mi. -...-----2------0--- Holcophylloceras costisparsum IMLAY Lytoceras aff. L. eudesianum (ORB.) [ELAN BI AVIS. EUS TBE WTATAS V8) ON pare emer ne eee ar ee ene eE EES Bradfordia? (Praeoppelia) oppeliiformis subgen. et sp. n. -.... Pscudolioceras maclintocki fastigatum subsp. 0. ...... Pscudolioceras costistriatum Sp. M1. ..........:---s---0---e0-0-- Asthenoceras aff. A. nannodes (BUCK.) Eudmetoceras (s.s.) aff. E. eudmetum BUCK. .... E. (Euaptetoceras) klimakomphalum discoidale subsp. n. E, (Euaptetoceras) aff. E. nucleospinosum WEST. ..........-.-- E. (Euaptetoceras) amplectens (BUCK) [? Var./subsp. aguilonia IMLAY] | 1 | Cf. Eudmetoceras s.l.indct. [3 ] Planammatoceras (Pseudammatoceras?) aff. P. benneri Sonninia (Euhoploceras) bifurcata sp. n. .........- Sonninia (Euhoploceras ?) sp. indet. .............-.-.- Sonninia (Alaskoceras) alaskensis subgen. et sp. n. ...... Witchellia sutneroides sp. 0, ......--..0--.-c-r-n20ec------ Pelcekodites (s.s.) cf. P. pelekus BUCK.............. Docidoceras (s.s.) aff. D. longaluum (VACEK).. D. (Pseudocidoceras) widebayense subgen. et sp. n. .......22------- D. (Pseudocidoceras) cf. D. widebayense ......-.......... D. (Pseudocidoccras?)-aff. D. widebayense D. (Pseudocidoceras) camachoi subgen. et sp. n. ..... D. (Pseudocidoceras) sp.n. A D. ?[?Pseudocidoceras/subgen. nov.] sp.n. B. D. ? (Pseudocidoceras?) paucinodosum subgen. et sp. n. D. (Trilobiticeras?) sp.n. indet. ....................-. Pseudotoites cf. P. argentinus ARKELL ..... Pseudotoites cf. P. transatlanticus (TORNQ.) U.S. Geology Survey Westermann | ——s sae a 1 = . dose qe mies | (a) ate : 8 1 eo Ho= meee Be a | 5 fzas rea Seay | f a a fear Oo on 4 =| E 1 5 3 ise aoe if 1 4 oer aa : =e ae. Hi Text-fig. 6. — Occurrences of ammonite species from the §. sowerbyi Zone of Wide Bay; numbers of identified specimens indicated. Localities of the U.S. Geological Survey (U.S.G.S.), California Academy of Sciences (C.A.S.), Shel) Oil Company (Shell), University of Washington (U.W.), and of the author. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 17 = ° z > as | PN IE OY as FOR Me 5, ro) z Tm (ap) —_ w yg = 3 E 2 |e <2 a z ja m7 N*IZG am és m Se a ™ Imp E i gis 2= ae \ i} $ 3 Bowes Z & = $ \\ = ° = a = a oO} = a | = N 2 me : ale g ini ereet Tn i he 3 23 Le ret aR mo o = Otel RL) ] | =™ c co WT ijee | = ES 58 | \!y iH | on” roe Achigie f i ihn Ne me a= \Io oj I S35 iN in My in iy Ba : SUWVILRHT viititl 74 ‘al |! | ANA |(€986!) AJAYNS 1039 SN ‘19S ‘avov 19 S3ILINVOO1 WSSOs 2 (11062) Ntfey eee ! he are Ince NNVWY31SSM (L)SI VM | woz Phylloceras (Zetoceras) cf P zetes (ORB) — Portschiceras ellipticum sp.n sacetocrenectce Holcophylloceras costisparsum |MLAY ee ee eneae Lytoceras aff. L eudesianum (ORB) etal aeeee Pseudolioceras mclintocki fostigatum subsp.n ee P costistriatum sp.n [_ Feces mescosermeci rac Asthenoceras aff. A nannodes (BUCK.) —— — — — ----------- Eudmetoceras aff. E.eudmetum BUCK. a E (Euaptetoceras) klimakomphalum discoidale subsp n SS a a a ae SESE: (E) amplectens (BUCK) [var./? subsp. aguilonia IML] —_ oo errr OO OE CCC CSS Sonninia (Euhoploceras) bifurcata sp. n. PR a a SS a 5 (E.?) sp. indet, | IO (+? subsp.)------- S. (Alaskoceras) alaskensis sp.n. a —--------=----- Witchellia sutneroides sp. n. Opa SA aE SESE RS ISICO SS Pelekodites cf. P pelekus BUCK. (Spatulites ?) sp. nov aff. P spatians BUCK, ——— fz -- Docidoceras aff D. longalvum (VACEK) -=------ (Pseudocidoceras) widebayense sp.n. os Se seste sss (P) cf D. widebayense (P) camoachoi sp. n. (P) (?) sp. nov. B (PR)? paucinodosum sp. n Pseudotoites cf. P argentinus ARKELL TP. cf. P transatlanticus (TORN.) Brodfordia ? (Praeoppelia) oppeliiformis sp.n Hebetoxyites aff H. hebes BUCK. Text-fig. 7.— Composite section of the S. sowerbyi Zone and ammonite distribution at the SE. side of Wide Bay. Stratigraphic range of localities (sections) and relative abundances of species indicated. 18 BULLETIN 255 S Pa 6 ? a Rs & & Ro & ° ° o & e e é aS o S G 6 A eo 0 A \ & é so § & \ S ae 0 & 3} R) T we Sy Re & se BS we we e we ro s so STAGE | SVANDARD AEP OL BN NR Conwy aie MEME Se meu pree come Lar eel ZONE ° ¥ ae « © cS) x € \y g i) g x + + Ss humphriesianum <2 x ———— oO LOWER , = BAJOCIAN se orion = 4 = 5 2 o = 1 Ey = \ = | Vy = ! 1 ' ¢ | J Mt ( ! \ S sowerby =a 1 1 ? T T i: | L concava >! I AALENIAN L. murchisonae f 7 \"Low Bajoc | Low Bajoc} . [Gisinon]) EUROPE | Tscissum L. opalinum - + UPPER TOARCIAN — et Cc. yurense Text-fig. 8.— Comparison of the vertical ranges of Aalenian and early Bajocian ammonite genera and subgenera between southern Alaska and north- western Europe. Note the higher ranges of many taxa in southern Alaska. ever, there is no evidence for the previously inferred thickness in- crease towards the southwest. No additional fossil evidence is avail- able for the tentative 7’. scissum zonule since the basal c. 100 m of the Kialagvik Formation at Short Creek is now almost totally concealed. The £. teres zonule (formerly E. teres-profundus zon- ule) separating lower and upper E. howell: Zone, is confirmed in the Short Creek Section (my location WB 5, Kellum, e¢ al., 45 Akm, F12) by abundant Erycitoides teres Westermann, which is, there- fore, here named as guide fossil for this assemblage. The T. tenue zonule (formerly tenue-flexicostatum zonule) at the top of the E. howelli Zone is confirmed in the same section (my location WB 12 — USGS 48A - 109) by abundant Tmetoceras tenue Wester- mann, with T. flexicostatum Westermann and T. cf. kirki Wester- mann; T. tenue is the most distinct species and named guide fossil. Both zonules also bear the zone index EF. howelli. SONNINIA SOWERBYI ZONE The zone contains the E. amplectens zonule below, and the exceptionally fossiliferous Pseudocidoceras zonule above; both have been clearly identified only along a 4 km strip at the southeastern shore of the bay. E. amplectens zonule. — The zonule consists of 10-12 m mostly 19 WESTERMANN JUL ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. “BYSELYV [wnssios sosad0jaw ; | 4 1/J@AOY SO@PIOJIDAIFZ $9494 SEpIOIOAIZ "WJO} JAIDDIN pay esuaADqgepin s0sa20p190g [Seprosaujns Rai | 1 [wnjorsjsijsoo Doyvopnesd]é} $NjD4jSODISSD4D $ajIjOb1GOs0g 14@UYISIIY SDIBIOIIIYS SPUDS DW2YID5 “YSHIS WOOD ZyN4 8DSUI{I SO19D0/01 ‘ySpuds $]j04 DIYUAD é wnpunjos sosao0se0ydsobay YSHIS WOBID JSIML (229 ‘UUDWI34SaM *t96I ‘AD| WI) (~961 ‘Adj WI) fu pe) Gen ah dnoiuédb D¥SDIY ‘S 10} SjIssoy apinB paysaHbns | 1 37NI HOOD J° @PIs MN uloy Nos fo Sapnuoz pue SIUOZ oJTUOW WE uvroleg JIMO] PUP UPTIUI|PYy oy TOF 9[qe) UOTJE[IIIO“) — 6 ‘SIJ-1X9 T, . ee 4 x [wnssios 1} — Peduosiyosnw 7) NYVINAIWV Q fo) —— Lk fe ee oe oO < ——a2 S810) = OADIUOI “7 BUOZ SM OU eile eer aeersas ee @jZ SOJAD0jaWpPNF | Ue} —— (ee Ca ~ ‘@|Z Suaj2e;dwo O° [sevosip] Sa = es es = Si 3 @u07 1AqiaMos zg s ‘Q|Z SOJBDOPIDOpNASg ‘ajZ $0414061gDs0g @u0Z /9zNDS O [snwos820u)} 1aznos O NVIOOrVd (242 ‘p96| ‘UUDWIE4SeM ‘p96) Ava S3dIM ED Za *Ko| wy} @Uu0Z 20 BULLETIN 255 massive subgreywacke and yields abundantly Ewdmetoceras (Eu- aptetoceras) amplectens (Buckman) [incl. var. or subsp. aguilonia (Imlay) ], moderately common Docidoceras ? (Pseudocidoceras ?) paucinodosum, n. sp., and scarce cf. D. (P.) widebayense, n. sp., Bradfordia? (Praeoppelia) oppeliiformis, n. sp., Hebetoxyites aff. H. hebes Buckman, Sonninia (Euhoploceras?) sp., and phyllocera- tids. This is the ‘‘acme-zone” of E. amplectens, but the species ranges into the E. howelli Zone below, and into the O. sauzei Zone above. The only common species which appears to be restricted to this zonule is D.? paucinodosum which could, therefore, be con- sidered as guide fossil. The Otoitidae, Oppeliidae, and the strigo- ceratid Hebetoxyites attest to a Lower Bajocian [post-L. concava Zone] age; the common EF. amplectens and the stratigraphic posi- tion below the Pseudocidoceras zonule, yielding early Sonninia and Docidoceras s.s., restrict the age correlation to the lower or basal S. sowerbyi Zone, approximately to the (European) Ludwigia discites Subzone. Although the massive character of the subgreywackes (? and ereywackes) and the apparent random orientation and poor pres- ervation of most ammonite shells suggest submarine slumping or similar processes of mass-wasting, there is no paleontological evi- dence for significant stratigraphic mixing of the faunas. The com- mon Eudmetoceras amplectens are usually strongly corroded, frac- tured, and often fragmented which could be due to reworking; allochthony would be consistent with the known occurrence of this species in the underlying E. howell: Zone. The other ammonites, all unknown from the Aalenian, are much better preserved and, therefore, almost certainly autochthonous. However, even under the assumption that the E. amplectens are reworked, the E. am- plectens zonule is to be placed in the lower part of the S. sowerbyi Zone because of the superimposed Pseudocidoceras zonule. Pseudocidoceras zonule. —‘The zonule consists of at least 40 m (2? to 80 m) shales with calcareous concretions which probably are separated from the E. amplectens zonule by 10 - 20 m unfossili- ferous shales. This incompetent interval has been structurally re- duced or totally suppressed wherever the competent E. amplectens zonule is exposed and the contact lies below sea level where the sequence appears complete. Thus, all or part of the structurally ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II]: WESTERMANN 78 | isolated 20-30 m shaley section of locality WA 15 apparently be- longs at the base of the Psewdocidoceras zonule. This zonule bears without doubt the richest, most diverse and best preserved known ammonite assemblages of the S. sowerbyi Zone in North America, and possibly of anywhere but a few localities of Europe. However, the fossiliferonus exposures known in 1964 were restricted to only 350 - 400 m length of the shore cliff along the south side of the Bay (from loc. WA 10 to loc. WA 15; old locs. 21251 and 12405 were concealed or destroyed in 1964). The zonule includes several ammonite assemblages in over- lapping succession. However, horizontal variation being unknown, the apparent faunistic changes could be due to differences in bio- facies, post-mortem drift, and preservation. Nevertheless, the ob- served vertical ranges are probably of more than local significance because (1) lithofacies varies little throughout the zonule, (2) ranges vary greatly from species to species with frequent overlaps, and (3) there are certain resemblances in the ammonite succes- sion with other areas. A two-fold faunistic subdivision of the zonule is strongly ap- parent. The lower part contains abundant Sonninia (Euhoploceras) bifurcata, n. sp., S. (Alaskoceras) alaskensis, n. subgen. and n. sp., Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) camachoi, n. subgen. and n. sp., D. (P.) widebayense, n. sp., Pseudolioceras macklintocki fastigatum n. subsp., and the less common Bradfordia? (Praeoppelia) oppelii- formis, n. subgen. and n. sp., and Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) klimakomphalum discoidale, n. subsp.; all are essentially restrict- ed to this part except for D. widebayense which ranges throughout the zonule. The upper part bears abundant Witchellia sutneroides, n. sp., D. (Pseudocidoceras) widebayense, n. sp., and, especially at the top, moderately common Pseudolioceras costistriatum, n. sp. Other ammonoids such as Phylloceratidae, Lytoceras, Eudmetoceras, Pelekodites, Docidoceras s.s., and Pseudotoites are scarce throughout the zonule so that their ranges cannot be established and Astheno- ceras was found only in a “nest,” 7.e. a single concretion, in the middle of this interval. A third assemblage may be present at the poorly known apparent base of the zonule (locs. WA 15, ? USGS 19801, ? USGS 19863, 2? CAS 29011) which yields only a few D. (Pseudocidoceras) and the common S. (Euhoploceras), S. (Alasko- 22 BULLETIN 255 ceras), Pseudolioceras, and B.? (Praeoppelia). The only other com- mon larger fossils are clusters of Inoceramus lucifer Eichwald and fragments of wood and leaflets. The lower assemblage, for which D. (Pseudocidoceras) cama- choi is chosen as guide fossil, has also furnished near the top a single Docidoceras aff. D. longaluum (Vacek) supporting the cor- relation of this interval with the L. discites Subzone of the lower S. sowerbyi Zone. The upper assemblage which is probably best characterized by the evolute Witchellia sutneroides, sp. n., belongs clearly in the higher part of the S. sowerbyi Zone, equivalent to both or either of the northwest European Subzones of Sonninia trigonalis and Witchellia laeviuscula; W. sutneroides is indeed morphologically intermediate between “Zugophorites’ Buckman [Witchellia subgen.?] of the S. trigonalis Subzone and _ typical Witchellia of the W. laeviuscula Subzone. OTOITES SAUZEI ZONE The ammonoid assemblage of the Parabigotites zonule has re- cently been monographed by Imlay (1964) who has given ample evidence for O. sauzei Zone. A number of Parabigotites crassico- status Imlay and some Bradfordia sp., Stemmatoceras cf. S. tripto- lemus (Morris and Lycett), “Witchellia’” adnata Imlay and, sig- nificantly, Eudmetoceras amplectens (Buckman) [var. or subsp. aguilonia Imlay] have been identified from my localities WA 1, WA 12, WB 1, WB 14, and Shell localities L 1038 and L 1062. The P. crassicostatus zonule is separated from the Psewdocidoceras zonule by 80-100 m unfossiliferous arenaceous shales and sandstones. The beds superposed on the Parabigotites zonule are almost barren of ammonites, but yield abundant Inoceramus lucifer Eichwald which appears to become extinct at the top of the O. sauzei Zone (Imlay, 1955, p. 86). The upper O. sauzei Zone assemblage with Skirroceras kirschneri Imlay from southeast Alaska (Imlay, 1964, p. B7) appears to be absent at Wide Bay, probably because beds of this age are missing under the paraconformity of the Callovian Shelikof Formation. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 23 FAUNAL RELATIONS AND AGES OF THE S. SOWERBYI ZONE ASSEMBLAGES The ammonoid fauna of the S. sowerbyi Zone at Wide Bay is in its global relationship essentially European, with an admixture of Pacific elements and a strong regional (endemic) character at the species level. This is evident from the following discussion of the principle areas of development of this assemblage, 7.e. the North American Cordilleras, the southern Andes, Western Australia — Indonesia, and Europe. The Phylloceratina, represent- ed by Phylloceras, Partschiceras, Holcophylloceras, and the Lyto- ceratina, represented only by Lytoceras, are known to be entirely cosmopolitan and, therefore, omitted from this discussion; it 1s pointed out that their relative abundance is significantly smaller than commonly attributed to eugeosynclinal environments, par- ticularly at oceanic margins. Of the 11 described Ammonitina gen- era, one appears to be endemic to North America while a number of the others have here longer vertical ranges than previously known from other continents, which is essentially the European epeiric Jurassic (Text-fig. 8). NORTH AMERICA Southeast Alaska. — Surprisingly, there is no good evidence for the presence of the S. sowerbyi Zone in Alaska other than at Wide Bay, although the Bajocian is well known from the fossiliferous Tuxedni Group of Cook Inlet (Imlay, 1962, 1964) where the O. sauzei Zone seems to follow directly on the E. howelli Zone. However, unfossiliferous beds, which could represent the appar- ently missing zone, are sometimes intercalated in the thick sedi- mentary sequences. Imlay (1964) described from the Tuxedni Group of the Tal- keetna Mountains several ammonites which are identical with or closely related to species occurring at Wide Bay in the S. sowerbyi Zone. Sonninia (Euhoploceras) bifurcata, n. sp. (Imlay, 1964, p. B33, pl. 4, figs. 5, 6, 12; “Sonninia ¢ n. sp. undet.”; p. B14), which could possibly belong in the S. sowerbyi Zone, and Witchellia sp. were described from the “upper half of the lower sandstone.” The former species, however, is said to be usually associated with Emileia constricta Imlay, such as in the lowest fossiliferous beds 24 BULLETIN 255 of the Red Glacier Formation of the Iniskin Peninsula (op. cit., p. B14, pl. 4, fig. 10, 11, table 13). E. constricta is a close ally of E. polyshides (Waagen) and a good indication of the O. sauzei Zone. S. (Alaskoceras) sp. aff. S. alaskensis, n. sp. (op: ctl) p."B33, pla fig. 1, 2; “Sonninia cf. S. nodata Buckman’) occurs in the “upper siltstone” and is said to be associated with Stephanoceras (Skirro- ceras) spp., again clear indicators of the O. sauzei Zone. Eudmeto- ceras (Euaptetoceras) amplectens (Buckman) [var. or subsp. agut- lonia (Imlay) ] (op. cit., p. B35, pl. 4, figs. 1-4; 9; pl. 5, figs. 4, 7-9; “Witchellia? aguilonia Imlay, n. sp.) was described from a 60 m interval again yielding the typical O. sawze: Zone assemblage, as well as from the Parabigotites zonule of Wide Bay. Planammato- ceras (Pseudammatoceras?) aff. P. bennerit (Hoffman) (op. cit., p. B33, pl. 3, figs. 2-4: “Sonninia cf. S. patella Waagen’’), formerly known from the L. concava Zone and L. discites Subzone of Europe and here described from the S. sowerby: Zone of Wide Bay, was described from the O. sauze: Zone assemblage of the Talkeetna Mountains. However, the alleged Witchellia cf. W. laeviuscula (J. de C. Sowerby) (Imlay, p. B35, pl. 7) is not a true Witchellia of the W. laeviuscula group. Western Canada. —'The S. sowerbyi Zone is usually absent un- der paraconform O. sauzei Zone or, more frequently, S$. humphriesi- anum Zone. The only known exceptions are probably part of the “middle sedimentary division” of the Hazelton Group of Hudson Bay Mountain, west-central British Columbia, and a poorly known horizon in the Fernia Group of “Devils Point” at Lake Minne- wanka, Alberta. The small collection of sonniniids from scree of Hudson Bay Mountain was described by McLearn (1926) and dated as O. sauzei to S. humphriesianum Zone. However, four of the five new specific names under Sonninia and Guhsania McLearn were based on single, incomplete, and distorted phragmocones only and are here regarded as nomina dubia. Guhsania bella McLearn, the type species, has a discoidal, almost oxycone shell, with strong rectiradiate simple costae probably bearing lateral tubercles, and appears to be inter- mediate between Sonninia (Papilliceras) and Fissilobiceras. “Son- ninia Hansonv” resembles the Andean S. espinazitensis Tornquist; “S. skawahi” and “S. silveria” may belong to a single species of 5 Or ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 2! >. AUSTRALIA (*Molukkas) _- — ma — (-] subgenera WME species Text-fig. 10.— Cosmopolitan affinities of the principle ammonite assem- blages of the S. sowerbyi Zone of Wide Bay, possibly indicating migration routes; based on numbers of common subgenera and species. Note that the af- finities between southern Alaska and Western Australia — Indonesia could be accounted for by migration via Europe and South America, and that the as- sumption of continental drift would alter the relative position of the Australo- Indonesian area significantly. Witchellia (“Zugophorites”) or possibly partly to Sonninia (Euho- ploceras), resembling the species from Lake Minnewanka and evo- lute Witchellia from the middle part of the northwest European S. sowerbyt Zone. Guhsania bella and “Sonninia Hansoni” could come from a higher level, z.e. the O. sauzei Zone. “Guhsania ram- ata” is known from a single small fragment only, resembling G. bella. The long known poorly preserved small “Devils Point” as- semblage (Whiteaves, 1889) representing the only good evidence 26 BULLETIN 255 of the S. sowerbyi Zone from Canada, was redescribed by Frebold (1957a, pp. 48-49, pls. 19-20) and is here identified with Sonninia (Euhoploceras/ or Alaskoceras?) gracilis (Whiteaves), S. (Euho- ploceras) cf. S. bifurcata, n. sp. (op. cit., pl. 20, fig. 1), S. (Euhoplo- ceras) sp. (loc. cit., figs. 2, 3), and Witchellia (“Zugophorites’”) sp. (op. cit. pl. 19s tres. 32. a.sb)" Western U.S.A.— In northern California, the S. sowerbyi Zone is tentatively indicated in the Mormon Formation of Mount Jura, Shasta County, by (?) Sonnina (Euhoploceras) “schuchertt” (Crick- may, 1933, nom. dub.) The next best representation of the S. sowerbyi Zone in North America after Wide Bay is in the Supplee area of east-central Ore- gon. The section was described by Lupher (1941) and was re-in- vestigated by Imlay (1964, p. B19) and the author (unpublished) , but the fossils have not been described. According to Lupher and Imlay, the lower part of the Weberg Formation has yielded Tmeto- ceras, which in its upper range is associated with Praestrigites and Docidoceras; this association, not verified by this author, would extend the range of Tmetoceras into the S. sowerbyi Zone. Above follows a rich assemblage of large Sonninia (Euhoploceras) sp. and Witchellia (“Zugophorites”’) sp., both strongly reminiscent of the Lake Minnewanka forms but preserved too poorly for specific identification; this assemblage probably also includes sparse Strigo- ceras, Praestrigites?, Docidoceras s.l., and Eudmetoceras?, thus re- sembling the assemblages of the northwest European lower and middle S. sowerbyi Zone. Slightly higher is an assemblage of abun- dant Asthenoceras sp., known in two specimens from the L. murchi- sonae Zone of England and from the S. sowerbyt Zone of Wide Bay, with sparse Witchellia and Sonninia (Euhoploceras). This is fol- lowed by the O. sauzei Zone assemblage of the Warm Springs For- mation which also contains abundant Asthenoceras. In summary, the other North American assemblages of the S. sowerbyi Zone have in common with Wide Bay five to seven genera and at least six subgenera, all of which, however, also oc- cur in Europe; the small number (two to four) of common species is probably due to the poor knowledge of the non-Wide Bay as- semblages and specific affinity actually appears to be quite high. Significantly, Bajocian Pseudolioceras and particularly the common ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN y I ~I respectively typical Pacific and Wide Bay forms Pseudotoites,! Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) and Sonninia (Alaskoceras) appear to be absent while the strigoceratids, present in the S. sowerbyi Zone of Oregon, make their appearance in Alaska only in the O. sauzei Zone. These statements are highly tentative awaiting the moneographic study of the Oregon ammonite assemblage. The ap- parent close affinity of the Oregon assemblage, the only better known assemblage of the North American S. sowerbyi Zone except for Wide Bay, to the northwest European epeiric seas assemblages may be owing to ecological resemblance. SOUTH AMERICA Southern Andes.— The S. sowerbyi Zone appears to be absent in the northern and central Andes (Guiana to Peru) , and, contrary to the opinion of Arkell (1954, p. 591; 1956, p. 585) and Imlay (1964, p. B21) the evidence for its presence in the southern Andes is far from excellent although approximately every second genus, every fourth subgenus, and probably several species of the Wide Bay assemblage are found there (Westermann, 1967). In northern Chile and northwestern Argentina three major assemblages are present, stratigraphically above early to middle (?upper) Aalenian beds and below the widespread O. sauzet Zone; they have respec- tively been named after Eudmetoceras(?) gerthi (Jaworski) , “Pleydellia” puchensis (Burckardt), and Pseudotoites singularis (Gottsche) (op. cit.). The E. gerthi assemblage has also yielded Eudmetoceras (?) jaworskii Westermann (1964a), E.(?) kochi (Prinz), E. (Euapteto- ceras) cf. E. klimakomphalum (Vacek), E. (E.) klimakomphalum moerickei (Jaworski) [not Bradfordia, with hollow-floored keel] and probably sparse (?) Sonninia (Euhoploceras) sp., Zurcheria (?) sp., “Fontannesia” austroamericana Jaworski, Tmetoceras Gh feel bes scissum (Benecke) and T. cf. T. flexicostatum Westermann. This assemblage was dated as upper Aalenian by Jaworski (1926) and as basal Bajocian L. discites Subzone by Arkell (1956, p. 585) ; either date or both may be correct, and the possibly somewhat 14m. carlottensis Whiteaves, 1876, from the S. humpriesianum Zone of south- eastern Alaska and coastal British Columbia, is not a Pseudotoites as supposed by Arkell (1954, p. 587; 1956, p. 538, 542) but a Zemistephanus (Imlay, 1964, p. B52). 28 BULLETIN 255 condensed assemblage is now placed at about the Aalenian-Bajo- cian boundary. The “P.” puchensis assemblage consists of closely related species (or a “plexus’”) of late hammatoceratids, possibly intermediate to early sonniniids, described by Burckhardt (1903) under “Harpo- ceras puchense, n. sp., H. malarguense, n. sp., H. hauthali, n. sp., Witchellia argentina, n. sp., Harpoceras striatulum Sowerby and Harpoceras klimakomphalum Vacek,” as well as of abundant Witchellia?, n. sp. indet. and a single nucleus resembling Sonninia (Euhoploceras) adicra (Waagen). This assemblage is only known from west-central Mendoza and may be approximately equiva- lent in age to the E. gerthi assemblage. The P. singularis assemblage overlies the E. gerthi assemblage and includes the common Pseudotoites (Latotoites) evolutum (Tornquist) , the sparse P. (?) (n. subgen.) sphaeroceroides (Torn- quist) and probably also P. transatlanticus (Tornquist) , P. argen- tinus Arkell, Sonninia (“Sonninites’’) zitteli (Gottsche) , S. imtumes- cens Tornquist and S. (Papilliceras) cf. S. espinazitensis (Yorn- quist) . This assemblage belongs, therefore, in the upper part of the S. sowerbyi Zone or, possibly, at the base of the O. sauzei Zone. While the affinity of the E. gerthi assemblage is about equally divided between southern Alaska and Europe, the P. singularis as- semblage shows additional resemblances to the Australo-Indonesian area. However, the South American Pseudotoites species are closer to Alaskan than to west Pacific species and have with the former probably P. transatlanticus and P. argentinus in common; the An- dean P. singularis is morphologically intermediate between the typical Australian forms and early Emileia (‘“Emileites”) of the northwestern European middle to upper S. sowerbyi Zone. The as- sociated sonniniids have affinities with Alaskan and, especially, European species but are unknown from the west Pacific margin. WEST PACIFIC MARGIN The only well-known larger assemblage of the S. sowerbyi Zone is from the Newmarracarra Limestone of Western Australia (Arkell and Playford, 1954) ; parts of this assemblage have also been identi- fied from the Moluccas and New Guinea, but no good evidence exists for the presence of the zone in eastern Asia. The Australian ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 29 assemblage has in common with Alaska three to four genera [Sonninia, Witchellia, Pseudotoites, Docidoceras (?) | but only one or possibly two subgenera [the sparse Sonninia (Euhoploceras) and ? Docidoceras (Trilobiticeras)], and no species. The assemblage is dominated by the typically European Fontannesia [F. clarkei (Crick) with syns.] which appears to be absent along the eastern Pacific margin and by several species of the typically Pacific Pseudo- toites, including the microconchiate P. (Latotoites), some of which are strongly reminiscent of evolute Emileia s.s. and E. (Otoittes) and others of Docidoceras, all of the northwestern European S. sowerbyi Zone (Westermann, 1964b). This assemblage also in- cludes sparse ‘“‘coronate cadicones” which were originally identified with the northwestern American stephanoceratid Zemistephanus (Arkell, in op. cit.) but are in fact closely related to the Andean Pseudotites (2?) (n. subgen.) sphaeroceroides (Tornquist) , as well as a few involute Witchellia. It appears, therefore, that the relationship of the S. sowerbyi Zone Ammonitina assemblages between Australo-Indonesia and Alaska is not so close as previously supposed and that it can be explained satisfactorily by indirect migratory connections 1.e. via the southeastern Pacific on the one hand and Europe on the other. EUROPE All genera of the Alaskan S. sowerbyi Zone, except for the sparse Pseudotoites, are known from Europe, although Pseuwdolio- ceras and apparently also the poorly known Asthenoceras are there restricted to older beds. Of the 12 Ammonitina subgenera (incl. nominate subgen.) known from Alaska, eight were originally de- scribed from northwestern Europe [Eudmetoceras s.s., E. (Euap- tetoceras), Planammatoceras (Pseudammatoceras), Sonninia (Euho- ploceras), Pelekodites s.s., P. (Spathulites), Docidoceras s.s., D. (Tri- lobiticeras)|, and of the species at least two or three are in common with Europe [Eudmetoceras klimakomphalum (Vacek) , E. amplec- tens (Buckman), ? Pelekodites pelekus (Buckman) ] while five others are very closely affiliated with European species [7.e. to As- thenoceras nannodes (Buckman), Eudmetoceras ewdmetum Buck- man, Planammatoceras benneri (Hoffman), Docidoceras longal- vum (Vacek), Hebetoxyites hebes Buckman]. Of the other four 30 BULLETIN 255 Alaskan subgenera two have been identified with certainty only from Wide Bay [Docidoceras (Pseuwdocidoceras) and Bradfordia? (Praeoppelia)]; one [Sonninia (Alaskoceras)| occurs also in south- eastern Alaska and possibly Alberta, and only one [Pseudotoites S.s.] is widespread around the Pacific. The affinity to the northwestern European assemblages is close indeed; not only is the equivalence of the E. amplectens and Pseudo- cidoceras zonules with the S. sowerbyi (Standard) Zone beyond serious doubt, but some infra-zonal correlation is also suggested. This is particularly apparent in the acme-zone succession, from be- low, of Eudmetoceras amplectens (Buckman), Sonninia (Euhoplo- ceras) bifurcata, n. sp., and Witchellia sutneroides, n. sp.; the lower two acme-zones can be correlated with the L. discites Subzone and the upper with the S. trigonalis and W. laeviuscula Subzones or W. laeviuscula Subzone. However, it appears that even in north- western Europe the upper two subzones are distinct only in a few areas. This infra-zonal correlation is particularly surprising be- cause the Alaskan vertical ranges for species, subgenera, and genera far exceed those in Europe (Text-fig. 8). Fortunately, as generally recognized, these range differences pertain to disappearance much more than to first appearance. CONCLUSIONS The S. sowerbyi (Standard) Zone is most commonly missing in North America; where present, the zone is usually poorly fos- siliferous with the two known exceptions of Wide Bay and east- central Oregon. The ammonite fauna of the Kialagvik For- mation is in all taxonomic categories related most closely to Europe and secondly only to South America. The affinities to Australo- Indonesia are less close and could be accounted for indirectly by migration via Europe and South America. All genera are also known from other continents and only Psewdotoites, rare in South Alaska, is restricted to the Pacific; 25°% of the subgenera and 50-80% of the species appear to be restricted to North America or even to southern Alaska. Approximately 50% of the Ammonitina genera and subgenera range higher in southern Alaska than in Europe, and the same is even true for several species. Nevertheless, the Bajocian (Standard) ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 31 zones of S. sowerbyi, O. sauzei, and S. humphriesianum can be identified with confidence and a subdivision of the S. sowerbyt Zone somewhat similar to that in Europe is suggested. Trans-Pacific dispersion of ammonite species during the Bajocian as assumed by Arkell (1956, pp. 597-601) is not a necessary conclusion from the study of distributions, at least not for the North Pacific [Zemistephanus is known only from Alaska and British Columbia; Pseudotoites is rare in North America and there restricted to southern Alaska] and migration from Australo- Indonesia could have occurred along the continental margin or in narrow marine channels of the Gondwana continent which at this time was probably beginning to break apart (compare Irwing, 19o4yhiess 10; 17; Hamilton, 1964, fie.'8) . DIVERSITY AND PALEOLATITUDE Based on the first ammonite monograph by Imlay (1953) and on several faunal listings, Arkell (1956, p. 617) suggested, that be- cause of high diversity the assemblages of the southern Alaska Juras- sic originated at a lower latitude than their present position (57° - 62°N). High diversity has subsequently been confirmed also for the Aalenian and other Bajocian ammonite assemblages (Imlay, 1961, 1962, 1964; Westermann 19642) and is here again demonstrated. The distribution tables of these monographs show that single ammonite assemblages contain commonly between 10 and 20 reasonably abundant species of 6 to 12 genera and three to six families. Such diversity indicates at least a temperate climate for the southern Alaska Jurassic seas; cold climate as assumed by Bain (1963, fig. 8) can certainly be refuted. Actual diversity counts are not attempted here because they are not available from other Jurassic assemblages. When compared properly with assemblages equivalent in horizontal and vertical extent, relative abundances, sample size and taxonomic “splitting,” the southern Alaskan Lower Bajocian ammonite assemblages are closely comparable in diversity to their classical European equivalents. However, other larger invertebrates are scarce at Wide Bay except for abundant thin-shelled Inoceramus which might have been pseudoplanktonic. Typically benthonic bivalves, gastropods, and brachiopods, as well as belemnites, are extremely rare, while plant remains, particularly fragmented wooden trunk, are common at several levels. 32 BULLETIN 255 Only a few paleomagnetic data are available from North America for the position of the Jurassic North Pole and all come from the southwestern United States; although the plots are widely scattered even for data from single formations, a mean pole posi- tion relatively displacing Alaska southward for 8-12 meridians is indicated (Collinson and Runcorn, 1960). This would shift the latitude of the southern Alaskan Jurassic from the present 57 - 62°N. to about 50°N., the present latitudes of northern Oregon and Vancouver Island or of southern England and Central Europe. European latitudes were, however, also appreciably lower than at present. Polar shift, possibly combined with warm east Pacific cur- rents as at present, would fully account for temperate Jurassic seas in the area of southern Alaska. Nevertheless, the prevalence of terrigenous sediments in contrast to the abundant limestones in the European Jurassic may suggest relatively higher latitude for south- ern Alaska. Furthermore, low thermal gradients of the Bajocian Pacific Ocean and Atlantic “Ocean” are indicated by the extraordi- nary wide distributions of several ammonite species which include Europe, the southern Andes and southern Alaska. Such reduced gradient could probably be responsible for the recorded diversity without change in latitude. FOSSIL LOCALITIES United States Geological Survey (USGS) Mesozoic localities. (12405 collected by W. R. Smith, 1924; 19028 and 19801 by S. N. Daviess, 1944; 19862-19922 by Lewis B. Kellum, 1945; 21251 and 12252 by Ralph W. Imlay and Don J. Miller, 1948) Field No. Catalogue No. F-27 12405 SE. side of Wide Bay, “1.14 mi. from cape near islands.” 44 A Km F2] 19028 [Non F21 of Short Creek section] SE. side of Wide Bay, bluff 1.56 km E. of Preston Creek, about 11.0 km S. 56° W. of Hartman Isl. Massive sandstone at base of section. 44 A Km 72 19801 SE. side of Wide Bay, sea cliff c. 1.6 km E. of Preston Creek, 9.7 km S. 55° W. of Hartman Isl. Base of shaly unit below an ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 33 45 A Km F55 45 A Km F56 45 A Km F62 45 A Km F63 45 A Km F112 Zp AOS 48 Al 104 19862 19863 19869 19870 19922 21251 21252 unconformity, shale with limy concre- tions, Kialagvik Fm. SE. side of Wide Bay, sea cliffs 2.5 km E. of Preston Creek and 9.0 km S, 52.5° W. of Hartman Isl., elevation 7 m. Shale with sandstone stringers above massive sand- stone, 43 m below top of Kialagvik Fm. SE. side of Wide Bay, sea cliff about 2.1 km E. of Preston Creek and 9.1 km S. 53.5° W. of Hartman Isl. (190 m SW. of USGS 19862 “where the shale dips into the sea”). Float from about 45 m below top of Kialagvik Fm., shales with stringers of sandstone. SE. side of Wide Bay, gully near shore line, about 2.3 km E. of Preston Creek. Interbedded dark grey blocky concretion- ary shale and thin stringers of grey wea- thering limestone, 145 m below top of Kialagvik Fm. Same locality as USGS 19862, but from talus at base of sea cliff. Probably from about 36 m below top of Kialagvik Fm. 8 km SW. of West end of Wide Bay, up- per Kialagvik Creek at SW. foot of Lone Hill. About 14 m below top of Kialagvik Fm. SE. side of Wide Bay, sea cliff 8.5 km S. 46.5° W. of Hartman Island. (2.85 km E. of Preston Creek). About 150 m below top of Kialagvik Fm. Same locality as USGS 19862. Gray silt- stone, about 8 m above a massive sand- stone (“probably a little lower than lot 21251). California Academy of Science (CAS) localities 109 A 29011 SE. shore of Wide Bay, 5.5 km SW. of Tatcliff Island. (1.83 km E. of Preston 34 BULLETIN 255 Creek). Black shale “just above contact of Kialagvik with Shelikof Fm.” C.E.L. No. 68 29014 SE. side of Wide Bay, about 0.3 km W. of CAS 29011 (1.83 km E. of Preston Creek) . Dark grey sandstone with basaltic dike, Kialagvik Fm. Shell Oil Company (Shell) localities L 546 SE. shore of Wide Bay, about 2.2 km E. of Preston Creek, in “Mt. Frances Sec- tion.” About 15 m below top of Kialagvik Fm. (for localities mentioned in text only, SCG ext-t10-. 2) G. E. G. Westermann (WA) localities Field No. WA 1 SE. side of Wide Bay, 1.7 km E. of Preston Creek, above east end of high bluff, elevation 60 to 70 m. Subgrey- wacke and mudstone, some silty shale, 50-65 m_ strati- graphically above E. amplectens zonule of bluff; top of Kialagvik Fm. (Plate 2). WA 2 SE. side of Wide Bay, bluff 1.2 km E. of Preston Creek, elevation c.5 m. 4 m above base of 12 m interbedded shale, siltstone and greywacke below massive subgrey- wacke of E. amplectens zonule; Kialagvik Fm. (Plate 3, above, and 4). WA 3 SE. side of Wide Bay, subgreywacke bluff 1.6 km E. of Preston Creek. Float probably from base of bluff; £&. amplectens zonule, Kialagvik Fm. WA 4 SE. side of Wide Bay, bluff 1.65 km E. of Preston Creek, 50 m W. of end of subgreywacke bluff. Mudstone, grey- wacke and silty shale about 15 m below top of bluff [E. amplectens zonule] Kialagvik Fm. (Plate 1). WA 5 SE. shore of Wide Bay, 1.75 km E. of Preston Creek, more westerly of the two large tectonic blocks of massive subgreywacke east of- main bluffs. From talus of mas- sive subgreywacke and some silty shale; E. amplectens zonule, Kialagvik Fm. WA 8 SE. shore of Wide Bay, 1.8 km E. of Preston Creek, WA 10 WA Il WA 12 WA 13 WA 13w ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 35 more easterly of the two large tectonic blocks of massive subgreywacke east of the main bluff with basaltic dike. E. amplectens zonule: about 8 m massive subgreywacke, highly fossiliferous especially at 2.2 to 0.5 m from top; underlain by 3 m mudstone and siltstone, fossiliferous especially at top and near base; overlain by several meters of crumbly shale indicating fault zone (Pseudo- cideras zonule missing) (Plate 3, below) . SE. shore of Wide Bay, 2.45 to 2.55 km E. of Preston Creek (4.1 km W. of cape at end of Bay), sea cliff at both sides of little stream. 21 m dark grey shale with abundant calcareous black concretions, often in bedding planes and forming a thick “bed” at 10.5 m above base of section; highly fossiliferous throughout; Psewdocido- ceras zonule, Kialagvik Fm. (Plate 5). SE shore of Wide Bay, 2.5 km E. of Preston Creek (50 m W. of WA 10). Kialagvik Fm., from base: 30 m dark grey shales with abundant calcareous con- cretions, especially in lower part, and thick concre- tionary “bed” (same as WA 10, 10.5 m) near base; Pseudocidoceras zonule, highly fossiliferous in lower 20 m. 15 m silty and arenaceous shale with few concretions, poorly fossiliferous. 30 m silty shale with interbedded lenticular sandstone beds, unfossiliferous. 15 m interbedded subgreywacke, sandstone and silty shale, unfossiliferous. SE shore of Wide Bay, 2.15 km E. of Preston Creek, elevation about 100 m, top of section beside gully ad- jacent to WA 13 w. 7 m thick-bedded subgreywacke (overlying c.65 m unfossiliferous shales -- the Wa 15 section) . SE. shore of Wide Bay, 2.48 km E. of Preston Creek (only 15 m W. of WA II but separated by fault). About 30 m shale with some concretions, fossiliferous at 3 m and 16 m from base; Kialagvik Fm. SE. shore of Wide Bay, 2.45 km E. of Preston Creek ° 36 BULLETIN 255 (15 m W. of WA 13). About 20 m shale with single concretions, fossiliferous near base; Kialagvik Fm. WA 14 SE. shore of Wide Bay, 1.95 km E. of Preston Creek, low-tide exposure about 30 m from sea cliff. Subgrey- wacke beds; Kialagvik Fm. WA 15 SE. shore of Wide Bay, 2.15 km E. of Preston Creek. 20-30 m shales with some concretions, partly slumped and faulted; at 3 to 16 m from base moderately fossili- ferous except for abundant Jnoceramus; Kialagvik Fm. SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION REPOSITORY OF TYPES Specimens collected by the U.S. Geological Survey, which be- come types by description or figuring, are deposited in the U.S. National Museum (USNM), Washington, D.C.; specimens collected by the author are deposited in the Department of Geology at McMaster University (McM.), Hamilton, Ontario, under the catalogue numbers J .... Some fossils are now being returned from the U.S. Geological Survey to the California Academy of Sciences (CAS) in San Francisco, California. MEASUREMENTS OF AMMONOIDS The measurements taken and their abbreviations are the same as in the first part of this monograph (Westermann, 1964a, p. Ss) Family PHYLLOCERATIDAE Zittel, 1884 Subfamily PHYLLOCERATINAE Zittel, 1884 Genus PHYLLOCERAS Suess, 1865 Subgenus ZETOCERAS Kovacs, 1939 Phylloceras (Zetoceras) cf. P. zetes (d’Orbigny), 1850 Pl. 8, fig. 4; Text-fig. 11 Material.— A single fragmentary phragmocone with test re- mains came from the Pseudocidoceras zonule, S. sowerbyi Zone, of WA 10 at 15 m (J1018). The specimen closely resembles the phragmocone with crushed umbilicus recently described by Imlay (1964, p. B31, pl. 2, figs. 3,4) under Phylloceras cf. P. kunthi Neumayr from the O. sauzei Zone of the Tuxedni Formation in the Talkeetna Mountains, ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II1: WESTERMANN 37 Text-fig. 11.— Cross-section of Phylloceras (Zetoceras) cf. P. zetes (d’Orb.), phragmocone fragment, loc. WA 15 in the Pseudoctdoceras zonule (McM J 1018); X 1. Alaska. Imlay’s specimen also has similar irregularly tetraphyllic saddles (from plastotype) . P. zetes has recently been reinvestigated by Géczy (1967, p. 9) who concluded that in Hungary Zetoceras cannot be separated from Phylloceras. Zetoceras is, therefore, placed as a subgenus in Phylloceras. The compressed whorl section with weakly convex, converging flanks, narrowly rounded venter, umbilical margin and overhang- ing umbilical wall, as well as the rectiradiate lirae and the septal suture match Géczy’s specimen from the Pliensbachian of Hungary. From Prince Patric Island in the Canadian Arctic, Frebold (1961, p- 5, pls. 7, 8, 9, fig. 2) described the dubious new species P. (Zetoceras) thorsteinssoni which was based on a single totally septate internal mold and an undescribed fragment, the only certain differ- ence from P. zetes admittedly being its younger age; possible distinc- tions of the “new species” include a shallow umbilical slope and missing radial folds. The Arctic specimens came from the Arkello- ceras beds of the Wilkie Point Formation which probably corres- pond to the O. sauzei Zone, a date based on the occurrence of Arkelloceras in the O. sauzei Zone of the Alberta foothills (Westermann, 1964b) and Wide Bay (Imlay, 1964, p. B53, pl. 28, figs. 7-9; generic identity here verified) . 38 BULLETIN 255 ~\ Z2 fracture 12 Text-fig. 12. — Cross-section of Partschiceras ellipticum, n. sp., incomplete phragmocone, loc. WA 8 in the E. amplectens zonule (McM J 962); X 1. Genus PARTSCHICERAS Fucini, 1923 Partschiceras ellipticum Westermann, n. sp. _ PI. 8, figs. 1,2; Text fig. 12 (?) 1964. Macrophylloceras sp. indet. A, Imlay (SE Alaska), U.S. Geol. Sur., Prof. Pap. 418-B, p. B31, pl. 1, figs. 1-7. 1964. Partschiceras gardanum (Vacek), 1886, subsp.?, Westermann. (Wide Bay I) Bull. Amer. Paleont., vol. 47, No. 216, p. 453, pl. 76. (?) 1964. Partschiceras cf. P. gardanum (Vacek), 1886, Westermann, id., p. 447, pl. 74, figs. 1-3. Holotype. — Westermann, 1964a, p. 453, pl. 76; well-preserved large phragmocone, largely with test, septal suture and inner whorls exposed. Repository: Cal. Acad. Sci. (San Francisco) 12606. Locus typicus.— Cal. Acad. Sci. 29017 (field No. 99): “Cliff exposure on the west shore of the south end of Wide Bay, inside hook made by long sand spit.” Stratum typicum.— Kialagvik Formation, upper E. howelli Zone. Derivatio nominis. — With regard to the elliptical whorl sec- tion. Diagnosis. — An obvyolute species of Partschiceras with com- pressed elliptical whorl section and simple weak costae. Probable distribution and age. — E. howelli Zone to S. humph- riesianum Zone of southern Alaska (Wide Bay, Cook Inlet, and Talkeetna Mountains) . ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 39 Material from the S. sowerbyit Zone.— One incomplete phrag- mocone from WA 10 at 2.5 m (J 1013) ; one phragmocone fragment from scree of WA 10 (J 1916); one incomplete phragmocone from WA 8, lower part (J 962). All internal molds with test remains, E. amplectens and lower Pseudocidoceras zonules of Kialagvik For- mation, Wide Bay. Description. — The whorls are extremely involute to obvolute and compressed-elliptical in section; the flanks are evenly convex sloping to the occluded umbilicus and to the narrowly curved, somewhat arched venter. The inner whorls bear slightly prosoradiate? lirae. At about 50 mm diameter, blunt and weak, rectiradiate plications arise on the outer one-half to two-thirds of the whorl; subsequently, these simple costae strengthen somewhat, often becoming slightly pro- soradiate, and cross more or less straight over the venter where they reach their greatest relative strength. The septal suture has a graded series of slender, essentially diphyllic saddles. Comparison. — The holotype from the E. howelli Zone and the specimens from the S. sowerby: Zone of Wide Bay match the “Macrophylloceras sp. indet. A” of Imlay (1964, p. B31) from the O. sauzei and S. humphriesianum Zones of southeastern Alaska. However, possibly because of imperfect preservation, the ‘“‘vague flexuous undulations” on the innermost whorls of the Cook Inlet species (loc. cit.) cannot be seen on the Wide Bay specimens. This species appears closely related to Partschiceras grossico- statum (Imlay, 1953, p. 74, pl. 25) from the Callovian of south- eastern Alaska which is distinguished in the extremely dense sec- ondary costation, especially on the venter where the primary cos- tae become obsolete. Significantly, a specimen morphologically ex- actly intermediate between the Lower Bajocian and Callovian Alaskan species has been described by Imlay (1962, p. A5) from the early Upper Bajocian Magasphaeroceras rotundum assemblage of the Tuxedni Formation, Cook Inlet; while coiling and whorl section are the same as in P. ellipticum and P. grossicostation, the costation is intermediate consisting of continuous primaries and * Correct spelling for “prorsiradiate” auct., according to Classics Dept., Mc- Master University. 40 BULLETIN 255 relatively strong short secondaries singly intercalated on the venter. All other Partschiceras species (including the synonym Macro- phylloceras Spath, 1927) are distinguished by the subrectangular to subsquare whorl section and stronger costation or stronger cos- tation. Some resemblance can be seen to P. gardanum (Vacek, 1886, p. 70, pl. 6, figs. 1-3) from the partly condensed Aalenian to basal Bajocian beds of Cap S. Vigilio in the Alps which is distinguished by the development of an umbilical edge. The Alaska species agrees in the whorl shape and coiling with Phylloceras heterophyllum (J. Sowerby), type species of Phyllo- ceras. Measurements. — Da W% H% holotype (phragm.). 92 38 57 * oul 41 65 J 962 (phragm.) c.78 _— c.62 ot 34 43 59 J 1013 (phragm.) 68 39 60 Subfamily CALLIPHYLLOCERATINAE Spath, 1927 Genus HOLCOPHYLLOCERAS Spath, 1927 Holcophylloceras costisparsum Imlay, 1964 ; Pl. 8, figs. 3a, b; Pl. 9, figs. la, b; Text-fig. 13 1962. Calliphylloceras sp., Imlay (SE Alaska), U.S. Geol. Sur., Prof. Pap. 418-A, p. A5, pl. 1, fig. 8. 1964. Holcophylloceras costiparsum Imlay, n. sp., Imlay (SE Alaska), U.S. Geol. Sur., Prof. Pap. 418-B, p. B32, pl. 1, figs. 1-12, 14-17. 13 Text-fig. 13.— Cross-section of Holcophylloceras costisparsum Imlay, in- complete phragmocone, loc. USGS 19862 in the Pseudocidoceras zonule (USGS W6UF2Z) Gee le ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 4] Material. — One internal mold of a damaged phragmocone and one incomplete body chamber from USGS 21252; one well-preserved incomplete phragmocone with exposed inner whorls and one frag- ment, from USGS 19862 (USNM 160921); one incomplete body chamber with shell remains from scree of WA 5 (J 1012); (?) one crushed fragment from WA 10 at 22 m (J 1008) ; one internal mold of a phragmocone fragment with incomplete body chamber, ? one juvenile or nucleus from scree of WA 13 w (J 1011). From the Pseudocidoceras and E. amplectens zonules of the S$. sowerbyi Zone, Kialagvik Formation, Wide Bay. Description. —The whorls are strongly involute to obvolute with moderately compressed elliptical, often somewhat ovate sec- tion becoming more or less strongly subrectangular towards the end of the phragmocone. There are five to seven sigmoid constric- tions per whorl, distally only slightly projecting, sometimes recti- radiate and usually crossing the venter with slight convexity or very obtuse arch. The internal mold is almost smooth except for some barely visible, somewhat falcoid plications on the body cham- ber which become irregular and obscure on the middle and inner flank. The septal suture has a graded sequence of slender diphyllic saddles. Discussion. — There is perfect resemblance with H. costispar- sum Imlay from the O. sauzei, S$. humphriesianum, and S. subfur- catum Zones of the Cook Inlet region, southeastern Alaska, ex- tending the range of this species throughout most of the Bajocian (s.s.). There can be little doubt that the early Upper Bajocian “Calliphylloceras sp.” of Imlay (1962, p. A5, pl. 1, fig. 8) is identi- cal with H. costisparsum in which the constrictions are also at least in part restricted to the internal mold (cf. Imlay, 1964, pl. 1, fig. 15) indicating the insignificance of this feature for the dis- tinction of Calliphylloceras from Holcophylloceras. Holcophylloceras cf. H. ultramontanum (Zittel) from the sub- jacent E. howelli Zone of Wide Bay (Westermann, 1964a, p. 448, pl. 74, figs. 4-7) is distinguished only by the falcoid and strongly pro- jected constrictions which on the externside are strongly convex or arched comprising almost a right angle. H. costisparsum is morphologically and stratigraphically inter- mediate between H. ultramontanum (Zittel, 1869, p. 66, pl. 1, figs. 42 BULLETIN 255 4-6) , ranging throughout the Aalenian (+? S. sowerbyi Zone), and H. mediterraneum (Neumayr, 1871, p. 340, pl. 17, figs. 2-5) [= H. zignodianum d’Orbigny, 1848, pl. 182] which ranges from the Up- per Bajocian to the Tithonian (Wendt, 1963, p. 115). H. ultra- montanum is distinguished by fewer constrictions of falcoid shape, or bearing lateral “tongues,” and by more compressed whorls; H. mediterraneum has a larger umbilicus and stronger costation. In A. costisparsum the constrictions are essentially restricted to the internal mold thus resembling Calliphylloceras. Another interme- diary is the dubious H. deslongchampsi (Brasil, 1895, p. 29, pl. 1, figs. 6-8) , known only in a few inner whorls from the S. humphrie- stanum Zone of Sully in Normandy, which, reversely appears to re- semble H. ultramontanum in whorl shape and coiling, but H. mediterraneum in the constrictions. The taxonomic significance of the shallow linguate depressions projecting mid-laterally from the constrictions is doubtful since they have been observed seem- ingly irregularly in a number of species (cf. d’Orbigny, 1848, pl. 182, fie). 3)\: Measurements. — Dmm W% H% U% USNM 160921 (phragm.) (c.70) — — “i 55 40 56.5 6.5 uf 35 38.5 54 (7) Family LYTOCERATIDAE Neumayr, 1875 Subfamily LYTOCERATINAE Neumayr, 1875 Genus LYTOCERAS Suess, 1865 Lytoceras sp. aff. L. eudesianum (d’Orbigny), 1846 Pl. 9, figs. 2,3; Text-fig. 14 Material. — Single phragmocone fragments from USGS 19862 and 21251; one small phragmocone from WA 10, basal 2 m (J 1010); one large incomplete phragmocone with test remains and one fragmentary phragmocone from WA 10 at 14-16 m (J 1005) ; one incomplete phragmocone with test remains (J 1004) and one fragment (J 1014) from WA II at 16-18 m; one phragmocone frag- ment with test remains from WA 13 at 13-16 m (J 1009). All in- ternal molds, except where indicated, from the Pseudocidoceras zonule of the S. sowerbyi Zone, Kialagvik Formation, Wide Bay. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 43 Text-fig. 14.— Cross-section of Lyto- ceras sp. aff. L. eudesianum (d’Orb.), in- complete phragmocone, loc. WA 10 in the Pseudocidoceras zonule (McM J 1005); era le The shell is planulate with advolute circular whorls. The in- ternal mold is usually smooth, except for markings of “rhythmic” growth on a single small phragmocone (J 1010). The test bears rectiradiate sometimes slightly flexed lirae or riblets of somewhat uneven strength, every third or fourth of which is finely crinkled (festooned) at least on the outer whorls. The septal suture has relatively simple and regular saddle endings. This species matches D’Orbigny’s figure of the holotype (1846, pl. 128) except for the missing lamellar flares. Because of the much finer crenulation, it is unlikely that the intermittent and somewhat raised crinkled lirae or riblets are the remnants of dissolved flares. L. neumayri Pugin (1964, p. 34, pl. 2, figs. 2-3) is distinguished by smooth lirae or riblets and the absence of flares. L. espinazitum Pugin (1964, p. 32; for “L. eudesianum” of Gottsche, 1878, p. 8, pl. 1, fig. 1) is distinguished by regular constrictions. However, 44 BULLETIN 255 Imlay (1964, p. B32) who recently described but did not figure the first probable L. eudesianum from the O. sauzei Zone of south- eastern Alaska, mentioned “weak constrictions.” Lytoceras eudesi- anum has previously been known to range from the S. humphriesi- anum Zone to the Lower Callovian of Europe only (Pugin, 1964, p. 32; Sturani, 1964b, p. 12; Wendt, 1964, p. 116). While Lower Jurassic Lytoceras species persist into the Aalenian where they be- come increasingly rare, the genus is almost unknown from the Lower Bajocian S. sowerbyt and O. sauzei Zones. Besides the rare L. espinazitum mentioned above, there is L. suwbfrancisci Sturani (1964b, p. 13; synonym “L. vaceki’ Géczy, 1964 = L) frametser Vacek, 1886, pl. 2, non Oppel) with a range from the Aalenian to the S. humphriesianum Zone, which is distinguished by the com- pressed elliptical whorls (and spiralic lirae) and said to be inter- mediate between the Toarcian L. francisci and L. eudesianum. S. subfrancisct has intermittent crinkled riblets or lirae on the inner whorls and lirae with intermittent blunt riblets on the outer whorls, without flares. The Alaskan species is, therefore, morphologically intermediate between L. subfrancisc: Sturani and L. eudesianum (d’Orb.) . Measurements. — Dmm W% H% U% J1005 (phragm.) 94 41.5 42 33 4 31 43.5 41.5 34 J1010 (phragm.) 50 38 40 37 Family STRIGOCERATIDAE Buckman, 1924 Genus HEBETOXYITES Buckman, 1924 Type species by original designation is H. hebes Buckman from the upper S. sowerbyi Zone of Dundry in Somerset. The genus is distinguished from contemporary Strigoceras by the absence of a keel and possibly also by a slightly less complex septal suture. To the author’s knowledge, no microconchs with lateral lap- pets have hitherto been described from this family. Hebetoxyites sp. aff. H. hebes Buckman, 1924 [ 4 ] Pl. 10, figs. 1, 2; Text-figs. 15 a-b Material. —'Two small but adult internal molds with test re- mains, one with complete body chamber and lappet bearing aper- ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 45 n « Wo ture, and a few poorly preserved fragments including body chamber imprint with lappet, from the upper part of WA 8 and scree of WA 5. All from the E. amplectens zonule of the S. sowerbyi Zone, Kialagvik Formation, Wide Bay. Description. — The phragmocone is typically oxycone with in- volute compressed whorls, converging outer flanks and narrowly rounded venter. The inner flanks are parallel up to the sharp um- bilical margin on the complete specimen (J 1043), but markedly convex beside the raised umbilical edge at the other specimen (J 1041), causing a slight rise of the flanks at about two-fifths whorl height. The phragmocone measures only 20-30 mm in diameter. The body chamber, only about three-fifths whorls long, becomes inflated and assumes “elliptical” coiling, with the umbilical seam Text-fig. 15a-b. — Cross-sections of Hebetoxyites sp. aff. H. hebes Buckman, microconchs from the E. amplectens zon- ule; & 1. a. Complete specimen with lap- pet, loc. WA 5 (McM J 1043). b. Incom- plete specimen, loc. WA 8 (McM J 1041). egressing almost radially and finally returning to spiral coiling; whorl height is reduced while the venter becomes more broadly rounded. The aperture has a slightly projected broad ventral lip and prominent mid-lateral lappets with thickened test. Both pre- served lappets (left lappet of J 1043 and right imprint from same) are incomplete consisting of narrow tongue-like projections. The complete shell diameter varies between approximately 30 and 45 mm. The costation is obsolete on the complete specimen (J 1043) except for faint rursiradiate plication visible under oblique illumi- nation on the outer flanks of the body chamber. The somewhat smaller incomplete specimen (J 1041) bears, on the whole ultimate whorl somewhat falcoid rursiradiate blunt costae or plications 46 BULLETIN 255 which become obsolete on the mid-lateral spiral rise. The inner convex part of the flank is smooth. The plications die out gradually beside the venter. The septal suture is only moderately complex, even consider- ing the small size. E is well developed and as deep as L, the E/L and L/U saddles are of similar size; these umbilical elements form a graded series with rectiradiate ‘‘saddle line’’. Discussion. — While this is the first description of Hebetoxyites from the Americas, supposed H. cf. hebes and H. cf. clypeus Buck- man have been recorded by Lupher (1941) from the upper S. sowerbyi or O. sauzei Zone of east-central Oregon. The whorl shape and coiling of the phragmocone and the septal suture are good evidence that this is a strigoceratid closely affiliated with Hebetoxyites. A literature survey indicates that speci- mens with complete body chambers are exceedingly rare in the Strigoceratidae. The fact that small specimens with incomplete body chambers which may include microconchs as well as im- matures, have rarely been figured, may be due to the difficulty of identifying small strigoceratids since many of the diagnostic features are developed only in the adult macroconchiate phragmocone or microconchiate body chamber. The body chamber of these micro- conchs, measuring barely one-half the size of figured macroconchs, deviates from the described macroconchiate strigoceratids in the egression of the umbilical seam, 7.e. “elliptical coiling’. This is a well-known and common microconchiate feature in other families. Nevertheless, affinity of the Wide Bay microconchiate phragmocones is Close to the macroconchiate H. hebes Buckman. Consequently, the author does not hesitate to place these specimens in Hebetoxy- ites and, furthermore, sees no necessity to create a new “‘mono- sexual” subgenus for these probable male shells. There is also some resemblance to the larger umbilicate and less discoidal Bradfordia; this is considered of phylogenetic signifi- cance suggesting common ancestors. Measurements. — Dmm W% H% U% J1043 (apert.) 43 19 40 21 (phragm.) 29 20 52 6 J1041 (phragm.) 26 23 52 8.5 ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 47 Family OPPELIIDAE Bonarelli, 1894 Subfamily OPPELIINAE Bonarelli, 1894 Bradfordia and Oppelia.— The genus Oppelia Waagen, 1869 [type species Ammonites subradiatus J. de C. Sowerby; holotype re- figured in Arkell, 1951, p. 51] was defined in the Treatise (Arkell, et al., 1957, p. L 275) as “compressed, involute, feebly keeled; with distant falcoid primary ribbing and close fine secondaries on ven- trolateral edge’. In contrast, Bradfordia Buckman, 1910 [type species B. liomphala Buckman, 1910] was defined (loc. cit.) as comprising the “group of Oppelia praeradiata H. Douvillé; moder- ately involute to involute, unkeeled, venter rounded, smooth, um- bilical wall steep, umbilical edge sharp or raised; outer half of whorl sides with fine, somewhat rursiradiate ribbing which is not projected on shoulders. Sutures simple for the family”. The alleged occurrence of Bradfordia in Argentina was based on the erroneous identification of Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) klimakomphalum moerickei (Jaworski, 1926). However, as most recently pointed out by Géczy (1967, p. 224) Bradfordia is difficult to define and the Treatise diagnosis as quoted above is unsatisfactory especially with regard to the costation. In contrast to the Treatise, the original author (Buckman, 1910, p. 95) excluded O. praeradiata from the genus because of the slightly projected and truncated costae. Fur- thermore, only a year prior to the Treatise, Arkell (1956, p. 166) placed in Bradfordia three species with strongly projected costae, 1.e. ‘Oppelia’ gracililobata Vacek, ‘O. subplicatella Vacek, and ‘Harpoceras’ blumius de Gregorio [syn. O. platyomphala Vacek]. The first two species differ also in the differentiation of the costae which closely resemble those of Oppelia s. s. The raised umbilical edge of these species is not a diagnostic feature for Bradfordia, be- cause it 1s missing in the type species. The septal suture of Bradfordia is less complex, with smaller E, broader L, and fewer umbilical elements than in Oppelia. How- ever, the dubious “Amblyoxyites’ Buckman, 1922, which closely resembles involute Bradfordia and is usually placed in tentative synonymy, has the suture of Oppelia. The Mediterranean ‘O.’ gracililobata, ‘O. subplicatella and even more so the Alaskan B.? oppeliiformis, n. sp., combine fea- 48 BULLETIN 255 tures of Bradfordia with those of Oppelia; the sole distinction of the Wide Bay species from Oppelia s. s. is in the narrowly rounded venter and probably also in the septal suture which actually appears intermediate between Bradfordia and Oppelia. According to the number of characters-in-common this species group should prob- ably be classified with Oppelia, but the application of the con- ventional positive weighing of ventral features would place it in Bradfordia. This species group is, therefore, classified as new sub- genus Praeoppelia and tentatively placed in Bradfordia. Genus BRADFORDIA Buckman, 1910 Subgenus BRADFORDIA ? (PRAEOPPELIA) Westermann, n. subgen. Type species. — B.? (P.) oppeliiformis, n. sp. Subgenus diagnosis. — Large, strongly compressed, involute, venter rounded; with distant falcoid primaries and short dense projected secondaries fading out ventrally or forming blunt chey- rons; resembling Oppelia s. s. except for the venter (and the less developed septal suture) . Remarks. —'The subgenus probably includes ‘O.’ gracililobata Vacek of which the inner whorls are poorly known [the inner whorls figured by Vacek, 1886, pl. 10, figs. 2, 3, are not conspecific; fide Géczy, 1967, p. 225] and “O.” subplicatella Vacek, a possible synonym. However, both appear to differ in the septal suture with less developed E lobes and E/L saddles. All are from the (lower) S. sowerbyi Zone. Bradfordia? (Praeoppelia) oppeliiformis Westermann, n. sp. ; Pl. 10, figs. 3-6; Pls. 11, 12; Text-figs. 16a-b Holotype. — P\. 10, fig. 6; Pl. 20; well-preserved complete phrag- mocone with incomplete crushed body chamber. Repository: USNM 160922. Locus typicus.—U.S. Geological Survey Mesozoic locality 19863 [= 45 AKm F56 (float), coll. L. B. Kellum, 1945], sea cliff on the southeastern side of Wide Bay. Stratum typicum.— Shales of the upper Kialagvik Formation, probably in or subjacent to the basal Pseudocidoceras zonule, S. sowerbyi Zone; associated with Eudmetoceras klimakomphalum discoidale, n. subsp., and Docidoceras camachoi, n. sp. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 49 c Text-fig. 16 a-b—Bradfordia? (Pracoppelia) oppeliiformis, n. sp. a. Cross-section of phragmocone, loc. USGS 21252 in the Pseudocidoceras zonule (USNM 160923); x 1. b. External septal suture, loc. UW WA-11, lot 37 (UW 13180); x 1.5. Derivatio nominis. — Reflecting the close affinity to Oppelia 55) Age. — (Lower) S. sowerbyi Zone. Diagnosis. — A species of D.? (Praeoppelia) with strongly com- pressed inner whorls, outer whorls compressed subelliptical with inner flanks sloping gently towards the somewhat rounded not markedly raised umbilical margin. Material. —'The holotype and three somewhat crushed incom- plete internal molds from USGS 19863; one partly crushed internal mold from USGS 19862; one large phragmocone and one crushed juvenile or inner whorl from CAS 29011; one well-preserved phrag- mocone with preserved nucleus and test from USGS 21252 (USNM 160923) ; one large phragmocone with well-preserved septal suture from UW WA-1I11, lot 37 (UW 13180); one slightly crushed phragmocone, internal mold, from WA 15 at 3 m (J 1039); one incomplete phragmocone with preserved nucleus from scree of WA 5 (J 1040). All from the upper Kialagvik Formation, probably 50 BULLETIN 255 E. amplectens to basal Pseudocidoceras zonules of the lower S. sowerbyi Zone, Kialagvik Formation, Wide Bay. Description. — The nucleus at 12-15 mm diameter consists of smooth, moderately involute, strongly compressed elliptical whorls with shallow umbilicus, the convex sides sloping gently to the um- bilical seam. Subsequently, a narrow umbilical wall with somewhat rounded margin develops, the whorls become involute, the inner flanks flatten but continue to slope toward the umbilicus so that the greatest whorl width is retained mid-laterally, and the typical costation develops. The immature costation consists of blunt some- what irregular falcate primaries which are mainly superficial but become stronger on the outer one-third of the flank, and of short blunt strongly prosocline secondaries on the rounded shoulders which are singly and in pairs intercalated and cross weakly over the venter. The mature phragmocone retains the strongly compressed in- volute whorls with convex flanks. However, the umbilicus deepens somewhat, due to the slightly raised rounded umbilical margin and the corresponding development of a shallow depression on the lowermost flanks; the whorls remain thickest at or just above the middle of the flanks. The outer flanks converge gently, often mark- edly flattened, towards the evenly and narrowly rounded venter which may widen somewhat towards the end of the phragmocone. The mature costation consists of somewhat irregular, more or less strongly concave (distally projected) primaries on the outer half of the flank, a few of them continuing faintly onto the inner flanks forming weakly falcate to falcoid costae, and of numerous proso- radiate short secondaries on the shoulders which become medially obsolete or cross the venter convexly curved or arcuate. The pri- maries are sometimes obscurely bundled in pairs at about two-thirds whorl height, and the secondaries are born about as often by anas- tomosis, bifurcation of primaries or intercalation. At the end of large phragmocones, both primaries and secondaries weaken if the latter do not become obsolete. The complete phragmocone measures approximately 120 mm in diameter. The body chamber is known only from the holotype where it is incomplete (one-half whorl). The full diameter is esti- Or ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN mated at 160 mm. The umbilicus remains narrow and shallow with the umbilical wall rounding into the whorl sides; the externside is broadly rounded. The body chamber is almost smooth except for somewhat irregular more or less rectiradiate plications on the outer flanks. The septal suture is moderately complex (Text-fig. 166). E is large and only slightly shorter than L; L is broad and trifid with short thick stems; the L/U saddle is at least as wide and high as E/L; the umbilical lobes terminate at a common radius with L; Us is about half as broad as L and the broad U,/Us; saddle about two- thirds as large as L/U, (2d and 3d morph. lat.) ; the other um- bilical elements are much smaller with only the outer saddle fully developed bearing first and second-order frilling. The suture is, therefore, intermediate in character between Bradfordia (s. s.) and Oppelia with respect to the size of E and the number of major um- bilical elements. Discussion.— This new species is most closely related to ‘Oppelia’ subplicatella and ‘O.’ gracililobata, Vacek spp., of the Mediterranean lower S. sowerby: Zone, but distinguished by the more involute and compressed inner whorls, the depressed and less developed circum-umbilical area and, probably, the larger E lobe. There are also some striking resemblances to the internal molds (without the hollow-floored keel) of Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) amplectens (Buckman) and to a lesser degree also to E. (E.) klima- komphalum discoidale, n. subsp., both of which are associated. The phylogenetic origin of the Oppeliidae arising with Brad- fordia from Eudmetoceras has repeatedly been suggested (Arkell et al., 1957, p. L 275; Géczy, 1967, p. 225) and the Alaskan evidence favours this hypothesis if Praeoppelia is included in Bradfordia. Of special interest is the regional morphological “habitus” of the evolving lineages giving rise to the vexing problem of possible poly- phyly or ecotypes: the Alaskan E. amplectens, E. klimakomphalum, and B? oppeliiformis are all distinguished from their Mediterranean counterparts in the umbilicus which has a less developed umbilical margin or edge. The same “habitus’ ’is also present in northwest Europe and the southern Andes, so that £. amplectens appears here ~ 52 BULLETIN 25! closer to the Oppeliidae ancestry than E. klimakomphalum while this is reversed in the Mediterranean (Géczy, loc. cit.) . Significantly, this very early oppeliid resembles the type species of Oppelia altogether more closely than typical Bradfordia. B.? oppeliformis is distinguished from the type species Oppelia sub- radiata only in the narrowly rounded venter and the less complex umbilical lobes. Measurements. — Dmm Winn eI UIE 12 S holotype (body ch.) c.160 — = = a == (phragm. ) 108 20 54.5 9.3 30-35 obsol. 4 71 20 55 11 = = cc 47 19 54+ 13 30 55-60 USNM 160923 (phragm.) 65 22 55 or 25-30 c.55 a 25 22 50 19 (20-25) c.45 Family HILDOCERATIDAE Hyatt, 1867 Subfamily HARPOCERATINAE Neumayr, 1875 Genus PSEUDOLIOCERAS Buckman, 1889 Type species.—Ammonites compactilis Simpson in Buckman, 1889. Pseudolioceras maclintocki (Haughton) 1858, emend.* 1858. Ammonites m’clintocki Haughton (Canadian Arctic), Roy. Dublin Soc., Jour., p. 244, pl. 9, figs. 2-4. 1957b. Ludwigia m’clintocki (Haughton), Frebold (Canadian Arctic), Geol. Sur. Canada, Bull. 41, p. 7; ple 5) figs: 3, 4: 1960. Pseudoliceras m’clintocki (Haughton), Frebold (Canadian Arctic), Geol. Sur. Canada, Bull. 59, p. 20, pls. 8-13 (?). This species has been discussed in the first part of this mono- graph (Westermann, 1964a, p. 422) in which P. maclintocki whiteavesi (White) was redescribed from the E. howelli Zone. Pseudolioceras maclintocki fastigatum Westermann, n. subsp. Pl. 13, figs. 1, 2; Text-figs. 17a-b Holotype. — Pl. 13, figs. la, b; Text-fig. 17a; well-preserved in- * According to the 1961 Code of Zoological Nomenclature, no apostrophes are to be used (Article 27); the earlier Copenhagen decision to change the spelling of m’- or mc- to mac- was retained as a recommendation in the 1961 Code. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 53 WH Text-fig. 17 a-b. — Pseudolioceras maclintocki fastigatum, n. subsp.; X 1. a. Holotype, cross-section through complete phragmocone. b. Almost complete phragmocone, loc. CAS 29011 (CAS 13110). ternal mold with some test remains, of complete phragmocone with beginning of body chamber. Repository: USNM 160924. Locus typicus.— U.S. Geol. Survey Mesozoic locality 21252, sea cliff on SE side of Wide Bay, Alaska Peninsula. Stratum typicum. — Upper Kialagvik Formation; probably Pseudocidoceras zonule, 8 m above base. Derivatio nominis. — With regard to the whorl section which tends to develop a fastigate venter. Age. —S. sowerbyi Zone, probably lower part. Diagnosis.— A subspecies of P. macklintockt with umbilical ridge, strongly converging outer flanks, venter tending to be fas- tigate, and costae becoming obsolete on the inner flank. Material. — Four incomplete and partially crushed specimens from USGS 12405; one incomplete body chamber with crushed phragmocone from USGS 19801; one phragmocone and_ several 54 BULLETIN 255 fragments from USGS 19862; holotype from USGS 21252; one al- most complete phragmocone, only slightly damaged and one crushed specimen from CAS 29011; one partially crushed inner whorl with remains of deformed phragmocone from WA 10 at 0-1 m; three moderately preserved inner whorls with fragments of body chambers from WA 15 at 3 m; one small specimen probably with part of body chamber from WA 15 at 9 m; one large phragmocone from UW-WA 111, lot 37. All are internal molds mostly with test re- mains, from the lower part of the shales (including lower Pseudo- cidoceras zonule) overlying the E. amplectens zonule of the S. sowerbyi Zone, Kialagvik Formation, Wide Bay. Remarks. — No complete description needs to be given here because the subspecies resembles closely P. maclintocki whiteavesi (White) described in the first part of this monograph. The moder- ately involute coiling and the adolescent development of a typical umbilical margin are the same. However, the whorl section is usually markedly distinct in the outer flanks which converge more strongly and in the venter which is more narrowly rounded beneath the keel or frequently almost fastigate, at least in the internal mold. Furthermore, the falcate ribs usually fade on the inner flank so that the umbilical ridge and the shallow lower-lateral groove tend to become smooth on the last phragmocone whorl, while the concave outer part of the ribs is at least as broad but blunter than in P. maclintocki whiteavesi. These minor differences are marked on the last two or three whorls of the phragmocone of average size while the end of large phragmocones and the body chamber may not be significantly different. There appears to be some morphological overlap between the two Wide Bay subspecies. However, the sample of this new sub- species is insufficient for statistical analysis and quantification of the respective features is difficult. Nevertheless, some significant morphological change has certainly taken place around the Aalenian-Bajocian boundary indicating a new chrono-subspecies. The vertical range of P. maclintocki (Haughton), including the three successive subspecies P. maclintocki s.s., P. m. whiteavesi (White) and P. m. fastigatum is now known to extend throughout the Aalenian and into the S$. sowerbyi Zone of the Bajocian, a time ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 55 18 Text-fig. 18.— Cross-section of Pseudolioceras maclintocki whiteavesi (White), lectotype, E. howelli Zone of ‘“Wrangel Bay’’; shown for comparison; Salis interval equivalent to the range of the whole genus (in the Toar- cian) in Europe. Because of the converging outer flanks and the reduction of the costae stems, this subspecies resembles typical ‘Toarcian Pseudolioceras, such as P. compactile (Simpson) and P. lythense (Young and Bird), more closely than its ancestral subspecies. The evolution of P. maclintocki fastigatum may therefore be called “retrogressive’’. Measurements. — Dmm W% H% U% P-S holotype (end phragm.) 69 285 48 16.5 18 Pseudolioceras costistriatum Westermann, n. sp. Pl. 13, figs. 3-6; Text-figs. 19, 20 Holotype. — P|. 6, figs. 3a,b; Text-fig. 19; Internal mold of in- or fo) BULLETIN 255 19 Text-fig. 19.— Cross-section of Pseudolioceras costistriatum, n. sp., holo- type, incomplete body chamber with damaged phragmocone; x 1. complete body chamber with damaged phragmocone. Repository: McM. J 1056. shore of Wide Bay, Alaskan Peninsula. Stratum typicum. — Upper Pseudocidoceras zonule Locus typicus.— Locality WA 11 at 30 m, sea cliff at S.E. (95m above concretions bed) , upper Kialagvik Formation. Age. —S. sowerbyi Zone, Bajocian. Material. —The holotype, two small immature (? or micro- conchiate) specimens and one fragment of a large phragmocone from WA 11 at 30 m; one small immature (? or microconchiate) specimen from USGS 19862. All are internal molds with test re- mains from the S. sowerbyi Zone of the Kialagvik Formation, Wide Bay. Diagnosis. — An involute species of Pseudolioceras with strong umbilical ridge, tabulate-unicarinate venter, striate costae and weak intercalatories. Description. — The whorls are involute and strongly com- pressed. ‘The innermost whorls, up to approximately 15 mm diameter, are compressed-oval as in most other species. Subsequent- ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. IJ: WESTERMANN Or ~I U 20 50 100 150 D (mm) Text-fig. 20.— Scatter for relative umbilical width (U:D) of Pseudolio- ceras costistriatum, n. sp. (circles, H = holotype) and P. maclintocki whiteavesi (White) (dots with visually drawn central line). Note the narrower umbilicus of the new species. ly, the umbilical slope heightens and the margin raises to form an increasingly strong umbilical edge; the maximal whorl width lies approximately in the middle of the flattened sides; the venter be- comes distinctly tabulate-unicarinate at about 25 mm diameter and sometimes even somewhat bisulcate on the mature phragmocone; the hollow-floored keel is not strong but well defined. The ornament consists of blunt typically falcate principal costae tending to become obsolete on the inner flank. The flattened outer costae are striated superficially, often appearing as costellae compounds, and sometimes weakly fasciculate on the inner whorls. The falcate striae or costellae bundles are also present on the in- ternal mold of the relatively large holotype, particularly on the shoulders where they appear as faint intercalated secondaries, and also appear irregularly on the middle of the sides. A single con- cave outer rib is sometimes intercalated. The septal suture is of moderate complexity and resembles that of other Pseudolioceras. Comparison. — P. costistriatum somewhat resembles P. maclin- tocki (Haughton) and particularly the subspecies P. m. whiteavest (White) from which it is distinguished by the narrower umbilicus, the tabulate-unicarinate venter, and the falcate striae or costellae. 58 BULLETIN 255 The only known Pseudolioceras with tabulate-unicarinate venter is the early Toarcian P. swhconcavum Buckman which differs strongly in coiling and costation. This species is almost homeomorphous with the penecontemporary Stauffenia (Hyperlioceras) which is absent from the Americas; there can be no question, however, that this is a Pseudolioceras and thus the latest representative of the Harpo- ceratinae. Measurements. — Dmm W% H% U% S Holotype (body ch.) 68 24 50 1325 20 i ey 50 26 52 14 — J1056a (juv.?, body ch.) 34 26.5 —_ — Be, 23 29 46 No) —_— USNM_ 160925 22.5 29.5 47 18 23 Subfamily Grammoceratinae Buckman, 1904 Genus Asthenoceras Buckman, 1899 Type species. — Grammoceras nannodes Buckman, 1890 [lecto- type here designated: pl. 33, figs. 13, 14; refigured in Arkell, 1957, p. L 261]. The type species was based on only two specimens from the In- ferior Oolite of southern England, both of which were derived from older collections not made by the species author. The better pre- served specimen came from an unknown horizon of Stoford in Somerset [lectotype], the other from Bradford Abbas in Dorset supposedly without doubt from the “Paving bed” (= L. murchi- sonae Zone s. s.) according to the lithology of its matrix. A few years later, Buckman (1899, p. 49) erected the genus Asthenoceras on these two specimens. He named as diagnostic features the small size, the compressed widely umbilicate whorls, the laterally sulcate hollow-floored keel, and the fine ornament consisting only of dense striae. The septal suture was unknown. With only 24 and 25 mm respective diameters, the two “co- types” of G. nannodes are apparently almost complete and fully grown. The mid-laterally increasingly convex striae suggest strongly that both specimens had lateral lappets and were microconchs (males). The corresponding macroconchs (females) have not yet ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 59 been described and are apparently unknown from Europe. This is not surprising if one considers the acute scarcity of G. nannodes in the European L. murchisonae Zone which abounds in other am- monoids. Dimorphism is well known in Toarcian Grammoceratinae, in- cluding Grammoceras (cf. Buckman, 1890, pl. 28, figs, 205-215 "pl. 32, fig. 3). However, their microconchs are so similar to the inner whorls of the macroconchs that Buckman did not distinguish them specifically regarding them as the juveniles. These microconchs with lateral lappens are of similar size as ‘G.’ nannodes which is, how- ever, clearly distinct in the much finer or obsolete ornament and the laterally sulcate keel. The diagnosis of Asthenoceras in the Treatise (Arkell, 1957, p. L 261; classified as subgenus) simply as “dwarf Grammoceras” is, therefore, insufticient; Asthenoceras is not the microconch to any described Grammoceras. The Asthenoceras sample from Wide Bay comprising about 20 specimens comes from a single concretion of the Psewdocidoceras zonule in the S. sowerbyi Zone. Another much larger sample was collected by the author from a single lenticular bed in the upper- most Weberg (or basal Warm Springs) Formation near Supplee in east-central Oregon; the association with evolute Witchellia and cf. Sonninia (Euhoploceras) is as in Alaska and indicates S. sower- byi Zone. However, R. Imlay from the U.S. Geological Survey recently showed the author rich collections of Asthenoceras from the O. sauzei Zone of the Warm Springs Formation at approxi- mately the same Oregon locality. The Oregon species varies greatly in size and suggests the development of dimorphism. The largest Oregon specimens of 50-70 mm diameter resemble typical Grammoceras ex gr. G. striatulum (Sowerby) in the com- pressed oval whorl section and evolute coiling but are distinct in the laterally sulcate high keel. A number of species usually classi- fied as Grammoceras, such as G. fallaciosum (Bayle), have high hollow-floored keels but these have never been observed to be laterally sulcate. The Wide Bay species consists of two size groups, i.e. about 15 mm large microconchs with small lappets and 30-35 mm large macroconchs with somewhat modified ornament on the last whorl. These extremely small adult sizes compare with average 60 BULLETIN 255 diameters for Grammoceras of 25-40 mm for microconch and 60-120 mm for macroconchs (cf. Buckman, 1890, pls. 27-20). There is little doubt that both samples represent single dimorphic species which cannot reasonably be split taxonomically; the Wide Bay form is here described as the single species Asthenoceras aff. A. nannodes. Because the macroconch of the Dorset species is un- known, a definite identification with that species is not yet pos- sible. The author has long pondered whether to elevate Astheno- ceras to generic level or whether to retain it as a subgenus of Grammoceras. Preference is now given to the generic level for the following reasons: 1. The high, laterally sulcate keel is unique. 2. ‘The ornament is much finer than in Grammoceras. 3. The great difference in age from Grammoceras (and its abundance as dimorphic species in North America) . Furthermore, the juvenile whorls are probably more widely umbilicate and more compressed than in other grammoceratids. The simplified suture (here described for the first time) is of a generalized nature, t.e. conforming with some grammoceratids but not restricted to them. There is close resemblance in the dense, strongly projected and partly fasciculate growth lines with the even less known Vacekia stephensi Buckman (1899), placed in the Graphoceratidae by Arkell (1957, p. L 262) ; this species is from the L. murchisonae Zone of the Inferior Oolite and distinguished in the different coiling, whorl shape and keel. It appears that Asthenoceras belongs to a “conservative stem” of Hildoceratidae, which includes Arieticeras and Grammoceras. It is of interest that in the Pliensbachian Arieticeratinae a similar almost smooth and compressed form was produced as an early offshot, 7.e. Asaploceras. Middle Jurassic Hildoceratidae above the L. opalinum Zone are essentially restricted to the Pacific realm. Of the Harpocera- tinae, Pseudolioceras occurs in northwestern North America and probably in Japan (Westermann, 1964, p. 351). Of the Grammo- ceratinae, Asthenoceras, previously known only in two specimens questionable from the L. murchisonae Zone of Dorset, is locally abundant in Oregon and southern Alaska. It is probably significant that both are long ranging genera, t.e. Pseudolioceras ranging from ALASKAN AMMONITES, Pr. II: WESTERMANN 61 the upper Toarcian to the S. sowerbyi Zone and probably from the L. murchisonae Zone to the A. sauzei Zone. Tmetoceras reaches at least to the top of the Aalenian in southern Alaska, Oregon (?) , the southern Andes (Westermann, 1967) and probably Thailand (Komalarjn and Sato, 1964) . Pleydellia (s.l.), which is probably the latest wide-spread member of the Grammoceratinae in Europe where it ranges into the lower L. opalinum Zone, has also been de- scribed from the lower Aalenian of a single locality in the Canadian Arctic (Frebold, 1960, p. 23, pl. 12, figs. 1-4). However, the dis- puted “Pleydellia assemblage” (or ‘P’ puchensis group) of Mendoza in the southern Andes (Burckhardt, 1903, pls. 1, 2) is tentatively placed in advanced Hammatoceratinae or very early Sonniniidae. Asthenoceras sp. aff. A. nannodes (Buckman) 1890, ¢ & 9° Pl. 14, figs. 1-7, Text-figs. 21la-c Material.— Four almost complete macroconchs, three com- plete and two fragmental microconchs with lappets, and about a dozen incomplete, juvenile or fragmentary specimens; all from a single concretion of WA 10 at 11 m (J 1037, J 1035) in the Pseudocidoceras zonule of the S. sowerbyi Zone, Kialagvik Forma- tion, Wide Bay. Description. — Following the first globose whorl, the probable larval stage, the coiling becomes widely umbilicate; the whorl section changes from sub-circular to somewhat compressed oval to fastigate (at 3 mm D) and to strongly compressed oval and keeled (5-6 mmD). Finally, at 10-12 mm diameter, the adult size of the microconchiate phragmocone, the sides are somewhat flat- tened curving sharply to the umbilical seam and into the usually rounded but sometimes narrowly tabulated externside which car- ries a strong blunt keel. The microconchiate (4) body chamber is about one-half whorl long and terminates at only 15-16 mm diameter with lateral lappets. Beside the slight egression of the umbilical seam, there is no sig- nificant modification. The macroconchiate (2) phragmocone grows to about 22-25 mm diameter, becoming even more compressed with narrowly convex externside and exceptionally high and_nar- row hollow-floored keel. The keel attains the typical laterally 62 BULLETIN 255 Text-fig. 21 a-c.— Septal suture of Asthenoceras sp. aff. A. nannodes (Buck- “ penile / NS man), compiled from three specimens b of a single concretion, loc. WA 10 in the SY‘ Pseudocidoceras zonule, magnified. a. At 10 mm D (McM J 1035). b. At 12 mm D (McM J 1036). c. At 22 mm D, largest available phragmocone diameter (McM J 1035a). sulcate cross section on the last phagmocone whorl. The body chamber was originally at least one-half whorl long terminating at 32-36 mm diameter. Although not preserved, the aperture was probably simple in accordance with the reduction in flexure of the growth lines at the end of the preserved body chambers. The ornamentation of the inner whorl is faint, largely super- ficial, and develops only after 5-7 mm diameter. It consists of slightly flexed, strongly projected, extremely fine striae represent- ing growth lines and often also of widely spaced similarly flexed bundles of striae or obscure plications which could represent poorly developed costae. On the microconch, these growth lines and striae bundles con- tinue onto the body chamber where they become falcoid by increase of mid-lateral convexity indicating the gradual development of lat- eral lappets. The few preserved short and narrow lappets, posi- tioned at about two-fifths whorl height, are probably all more or less incomplete. ‘The internal mold of the microconch is either entirely smooth or bears similar weak irregular striae as the sur- face of the shell. The striae sometimes continue onto the keel giv- ing it a braided appearance. The macroconch develops densely spaced strongly projected costae on the last whorl. The costae are usually restricted to the outer flanks and some specimens bear a few blunt plications on the inner flanks which arise from costae fasciculation. Falcoid growth lines are also common. Towards the end of the body chamber, costae and growth lines become less flexed and some- ALASKAN AMMONITES, Pr. II: WESTERMANN 63 times straight. The most complete specimen (PI. 14, fig. 5a, b) has five-eighths whorls of preserved body chamber which toward the end bears almost rectiradiate and complete, widely spaced blunt costae. ‘These macroconchs are fully grown according to the ap- proximation of the last septa. The septal suture (Text-fig. 21) is extremely simple, even considering the small size. At 10 mm diameter (3.5-4 mm H) only the large E/L saddle (externsaddle) and the L and UB, lobes (“Ist. and 2d lateral lobes’’) are frilled, at the first order only. At 12 mm diameter, the suture is still subammonitic. A suture ob- served at the diameter of 22 mm is only slightly more complex, with second-order frilling only of the E/L saddle. E and E/L are large, U, decreases ontogenetically in relative size. There are one or two more small external umbilical elements of regularly decreas- ing size. The internal part of the suture is unknown. Comparison. —The microconch of the Wide Bay species re- sembles the “cotypes” of A. nannodes Buckman. They differ in the smaller size (about 15 mm vs. about 25 mm D) and possibly also in the more regularly bundled costae if developed. Because the Dorset species is poorly known and represented by the microconch only, no definite judgment as to the affinity between the Dorset and Wide Bay forms is possible, and the latter can only be tentatively referred to A. nannodes. The Oregon form is much larger than the Wide Bay form and retains the dense ornament up to the body chamber of the macro- conch. Measurements. — Dmm W% H% U% S J1035a (body ch.) 33 23 32 42.5 G3) (phragm. ) 22 24 B5n5 41 — J1037 (aperture) 15 24 33 38.5 —- (phragm. ) 10 28 37 36 — Family Hammatoceratidae Buckman, 1887 Subfamily Hammatoceratinae Buckman, 1887 Since the first part of this monograph went into press, the two important monographs on Middle Jurassic Hammatoceratinae by Elmi (1963) and Géczy (1966), as well as the smaller works by Sapunov (1964), Bremer (1966) and Blaison, et al. (1966) 64 BULLETIN 255 have been published, based on assemblages respectively from France, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey. The study of Maroccan hamma- toceratids by Lelievre (1960) had been overlooked by me. Fur- thermore, a taxonomic revision of the Hammatoceratidae based on ontogenetic studies of the septal sutures was carried out by Schindewolf (1964). The following five new generic and sub- generic names have been given since 1964: Genus Pseudammatoceras Elmi, 1964, p. 13; type species: Ammonites subin- signis Oppel, 1856 (Renz, 1925). Subgenus Eudmetoceras (Rhodaniceras) Elmi, 1964, p. 60; type species: Ham- matoceras rhodanicum Renz, 1925 (for “Hammatoceras subinsigne’ Bayle, non Oppel). Microconchs to Eudmetoceras s.s. Genus Spinammatoceras Schindewolf, 1964, p. 340; type species: Hammato- ceras pugnax Vacek, 1886. Microconchs. Subgenus Hammatoceras (Pseudaptetoceras) Géczy, 1966, p. 77; type species: Harpoceras klimakomphalum Vacek, 1886; lectotype designated Sapunov, 1964: Vacek’s figs. 17, 17a. Subgenus Hammatoceras (Csernyeiceras) Géczy, 1966, p. 83; type species: Hammatoceras verpillierense Roman and Boyer, 1923. At least 19 new species names were given and a number of intra-specific taxa named by Elmi (1964) and Géczy (1966) for keeled Middle Jurassic Hammatoceratinae [exclusive of Erycites, Abbasites, and A. (Ambersites)|. Both authors considered Abba- sites generically distinct from Erycites, in contrast to the Treatise (Arkell, et al., 1957, p. L 267) but in conformity with this mono- graph (Westermann, 1964a, p. 404). However, Elmi and Lelievre differed greatly from Géczy in the classification of the keeled ham- matoceratids, particularly with respect to taxonomic level. While Géczy included all keeled Middle Jurassic hammatoceratids in the single genus Hammatoceras with two old and two new sub- genera, Elmi and Lelievre retained almost all the genera of Buck- man. Géczy (p. 31) also doubted the generic distinction of Ery- citoides Westermann, 1964. This judgment was based only on my preliminary abstract (Proc. Ist. Coll. Juras., 1964) and later with- drawn after study of the monographic description (oral communi- cation at 2d Coll. Juras., 1967). More particularly, Géczy regarded as synonyms of Hammatoceras the “genera”? Bredyia Buckman, 1910, Eudmetoceras Buckman, 1920, Pachammatoceras Buckman, 1921, Planammatoceras Buckman, 1922, Parammatoceras Buckman, 1925, Pseudammatoceras Elmi, 1963, and the subgenus E. (Rhodani- ceras) Elmi, 1963. [For Erycitoides and E. (Kialagvikites) Wester- ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 65 ” mann, 1964, see above]. Géczy’s (1964) “Hammatoceras s. str.’, therefore, included all previously named keeled Hammatocera- tinae except for Euaptetoceras Buckman which was retained as sub- genus only because of the supposedly asymmetrical lateral lobe (L). Géczy then proceeded to distinguish two new subgenera of Hammatoceras, again on sutural characters, 7.e. H. (Csernyeiceras ) with large E and H. (Pseudaptetoceras) with alleged relatively simple suture and symmetrical L in comparison with E£. (Euapteto- ceras ). I have not arrived at any definite opinion regarding the classification of many of the early and intermediate Hammatocera- tinae. Taxonomic levels somewhere midway between the ones above reviewed are strongly suggested, similar to the treatment in the Treatise (Arkell, et al., 1957, p. L 267), to the tentative classifica- tion in the first part of this monograph and to the recent usage by Bremer (1966), Sapunoyv (1964), and Blaison, et al. (1966). Hammatoceras (5.5.2) Hyatt is perhaps reasonably diagnosed and defined in the Treatise (p. L 267) as including the synonym Pachammatoceras and as being confined to the upper Toarcian. Pseudammatoceras Elmi comprising early Aalenian species grouped around the type species P. subinsigne (Oppel), however, appears close to Bredyia which was not even mentioned by Elmi. It is pos- sible that Arkell, et al., in the Treatise meant to include these forms in Bredyia because this is the only genus listed from the L. opalinum Zone. Bredyia and perhaps also the related Pseudamma- toceras s.s. could be classified as subgenera of Hammatoceras, but later species of Elmi’s Pseudammatoceras are much closer to the dubious ‘Parammatoceras’ and even to Planammatoceras (see be- low) . Planammatoceras Buckman should be generically distinguished from Hammatoceras, but it cannot be defined to nontuberculate forms as in the Treatise (Arkell et al., 1957; p. L 267). This author (Westermann, 1964, p. 411) and Elmi (1963, p. 89) included in Planammatoceras the widely umbilicate and tuberculate “H. lorteti Vacek, non Dumortier” (= P. romani Elmi). There is a good pos- sibility that P. tenuinsigne (Vacek) and P. planiforme Buckman which were previously regarded synonymous with P. planinsigne (Vacek) (loc. cit.) are but the compressed and finely ornate end- ~ 66 BULLETIN 25! members of an intergrading penecontemporaneous morphological sequence, 2.¢e. a single species, with the other widely umbilicate and strongly ornate end-member being named P. romani Elmi. Such a morphological sequence would conform with the “Buckman law of covariation” (Westermann, 1966) . However, the distinction of Planammatoceras, flourishing in the L. murchisonae Zone, from typical Eudmetoceras of the L. con- cava and lower S. sowerbyi Zones is ill-defined, and I am still hesi- tant to take a more definite stand regarding their taxonomic separa- tion on the generic level than I did in the first part of this mono- graph (Westermann, 1964a, p. 412). The genus Planammatoceras is, therefore, tentatively retained. Eudmetoceras (s.s.) is certainly not sufficiently characterized by “un enrolement evolute et par leur ombilic plat’? (Elmi, 1963, p. 59). A steep umbilical wall is usually present in Ewdmetoceras which, in contrast to many Planammatoceras of similar whorl sec- tion and coiling, results in a stepped umbilicus. A distinctive char- acter of Eudmetoceras could be the numerous long, often fascicu- late primaries and the strong secondaries of the juvenile whorls (cf. 1-3 cm D). However, if tubercles or nodes are present, the costation seems to resemble some ““Parammatoceras.” I am unable to find any significant difference in the septal suture between the type species E. eudmetum Buckman and similarly shaped other Aalenian Hammatoceratinae, although some apparently related species have simpler and less suspensive sutures. The classification of the Andean ‘Hammatoceras’ gerthi Jaworski and ‘E. eudmetum’ jaworsku Westermann is now being reinvestigated by the author based on new material. A brief study of Buckman’s collections from Bradford Abbas in Dorset (Geological Survey Museum, London) in December 1964, has confirmed my earlier expressed opinion (Westermann, 1964a, p. 409) that ‘E. ewaptetum’ Buckman, the type species of Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras), cannot specifically be separated from ‘Harpoceras’ amaltheiforme Vacek. E. (Euaptetoceras) am- plectens Buckman appears clearly distinct from E. amaltheiforme in the rounded umbilical margin and smooth inner flank throughout growth although the rare occurrence of intermediate forms cannot be ruled out. The flanks of E. amplectens are flat and subparallel ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 67 to slightly convergent while the umbilical margin and venter are broadly rounded (test also keeled) at least up to approximately 7 cm in diameter. The identification of ‘E. amplectens’ of Mau- beuge (1955, pl. 6, figs. 4, 5) with E. klimakomphalum (Vacek) by Géczy (1966, p. 78) is, therefore, probably correct. The coiling of E. (Euaptetoceras) becomes progressively more involute during growth with the juvenile whorls resembling E. (Eudmetoceras) eudmetum,. Furthermore, the simple strong costation is similar as in juvenile E. ewdmetum and E. (Rhodaniceras) Elmi, the sup- posed microconch. However, juvenile resemblance in whorl section is closer to E. infernense (Roman) because of absent sulci. Thus, the small E. inferense could be the corresponding microconch to E. amaltheiforme. The secondary costae of ‘E. euaptetum’ vary trom rectiradiate and weakly projected to slightly falcoid; these variable features were used by Elmi (1963, p. 101) to distinguish E. amal- theiforme from ‘E. euaptetum. Lelievre (1960, p. 34) distinguished the more widely umbili- cate Eudmetoceras (s.s.) from the narrowly umbilicate (at least when fully grown) £. (Euaptetoceras) at the generic level based on allegedly significant differences in the septal suture; ?.e. the for- mer supposedly with a more central position of a symmetrical L and three U elements, the latter with more ventrally located asym- metrical L and four U elements. The positional differences of L have already been judged as insignificant on the basis of measure- ments by Géczy (1966, p. 77). I regard this multiplication of um- bilical elements (by subdivision of U; or by introduction of new U lobes) and the corresponding ventrad shift of L as a direct functional dependant of the increase in whorl overlap and not as a significant “genetical” character of taxonomic significance. A simi- lar inter-relation may influence the suspension of the umbilical lobes, the suspension angle (between “saddle line” and _ radius) being usually reduced in greatly overlapping (involute) whorls without significant differences in total suspension. Furthermore, the less incised suture of the microconchiate E. (Rhodaniceras) can probably be explained by the small size and is expected to be matched by juvenile Eudmetoceras. The reference to the asymmetry of Lin Euaptetoceras (Lelievre, 1960, p. 34, Géczy, 1966, p. 29) was based solely on Buckmans’ figure (1922, pl. 299) of the holotype of 68 BULLETIN 255 ‘E. euaptetum’ and appears to be no more than a mere irregularity. Finally, the specimen figured by Maubeuge (1955, pl. 6, fig. 3) under the same name appears to have a symmetrical L. No other specimens labelled as ‘EF. euaptetum’ were found in Buckman’s collection of the Geological Survey Museum, nor am I aware of any other descriptions of this alleged species from England. Lelievre’s (loc. cit.) supposition that these differences were also present in Maroccan specimens, contradicts his statement (p. 35) that the septal suture was not preserved. The close affinity between juvenile Eudmetoceras s. s. and E. (Euaptetoceras) may be retained up to the late adolescent stage so that incomplete shells are difficult to classify. A case in point is E. nucleospinosum Westermann from the E. howelli Zone which is now transferred from the former to the latter subgenus. Ewapteto- ceras is, therefore, included as subgenus in Eudmetoceras, as in the first part of this monograph. The subgenus E£. (Pseudaptetoceras) Géczy can be retained beside ££. (Euaptetoceras) only if the type species ‘Harpoceras’ kliimakomphalum Vacek is sufficiently distinct from E. (Euapteto- ceras) amaltheiforme to warrant subgeneric rank. The respective type species, however, were included in the same subgenus by appar- ently all previous authors, including Elmi (1964) and Géczy (1966). However, I suggested earlier (Westermann 1964a p. 410) that ‘H.’ klimakomphalum is a strigoceratid on the strength of the “lanceolate” whorl shape and the occurrence of strongly projected growth lines and spiral markings on Wide Bay specimens. Other strigoceratid characters of ‘H.’ klimakomphalum are the small um- bilicus with steep umbilicial walls and the reduction of primaries; possibly a “prerequisite” for the occurrence of striae. Further studies have now revealed that (1) weak and irregular concentric markings are present on only a single specimen of the Wide Bay assemblage, (2) similar markings or weak striae are also known from E. amal- theiforme (the holotype, Vacek, 1886, pl. 9, fig. 1) and E. verpillier- ense Roman and Boyer (priv. com. Elmi), (3) the costation is mark- edly falcate at least on the immature whorls of strigoceratids while it is straight to slightly falcoid in the E. klimakomphalum group, (4) the growth lines are rarely preserved and therefore poorly ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 69 known in hammatoceratids, (5) the E lobe is usually larger in strigo- ceratids (priv. com. Géczy, 1966), (6) the Wide Bay sample shows apparent intergradation of the narrowly umbilicate forms with those having more widely umbilicate and, significantly, tuberculate inner whorls, and (7) the umbilicus of the body chamber opens as in hammatoceratids while remaining small in strigoceratids. I, therefore, conclude, in agreement with Dr. Elmi’s tentative opinion (priv. com., based on photographs) , that the suboxycone forms from the S. sowerbyi Zone of Wide Bay and H. klimakomphalum are Hammatoceratinae and are to be placed in Eudmetoceras. Nevertheless, the resemblance of the suboxycone or discoidal hammatoceratids of the FE. klimakomphalum group from the L. con- cava and S. sowerbyi Zones to early strigoceratids such as the con- temporary Praestrigites Buckman (but probably flourishing slightly later) is considered to reflect phylogenetic relationship. Hence, the Strigoceratidae are probably derived from Eudmetoceras rather than from Oppeliidae or Graphoceratidae as recently suggested by Schindewolf (1964, pp. 367, 430). The resemblances of Strigocera- tidae to Sonniniidae (Scheurlen, 1928, p. 37; Schindewolf, 1964, p. 430) can be explained with their common origin in the Ham- matoceratinae. Concerning the alleged subgenus FE. (Pseudaptetoceras) Géczy, several contemporary species morphologically intermediate between the type species E. (P.) klimakomphalum (Vacek) and typical FE. (Euaptetoceras) are known. E. infernense (Roman) has the narrow- ly rounded externside of E. klimakomphalum but stronger primar- ies and a much wider umbilicus. E. amplectens (Buckman) is also involute but differs in the rounded umbilical slope and broad externside, apparently with much variation, as well as in the smooth inner flanks. E. tyrrhenicum (Renz) appears to have the whorl shape of E. klimakomphalum but the ornament of E. am- plectens. Furthermore, broadening of the externside and rounding of the umbilical walls appears to be highly variable in other, earlier Hammatoceratinae such as Planammatoceras planinsigne (Vacek) where the whorls can become almost fastigate. Umbilical width which is at least partly correlated with whorl section, appears to vary greatly intra-specifically as well as inter-specifically 70 BULLETIN 255 between apparently close relatives. This is also indicated in the Andean presumed hammatoceratids [‘Pleydellia’ auct.] figured by Burckhardt (1900, pl. 20; 1903, pl. 1, 2), all of which differ, however, from typical hammatoceratids in the much simpler septal suture and the low keel. Suture simplification (‘degeneration’) may be present to a small degree in E. klimakomphalum and ap- pears to be a common feature among late hammatoceratids; the sig- nificance of this character remains doubtful. Consequently, if Pseudaptetoceras were retained as a subgenus of Eudmetoceras, the type species would be its only certain species. ‘Oppelia’ moericke: Jaworski and ‘Hammatoceras’ discus Merla are tenta- tively included in the type species. However, E. klimakomphalum renzt Elmi (1963, p. 79, pl. 10, fig. 2) differs by the broad extern- side, the larger umbilicus (19% vs. c. 14%) and the coarser cos- tation and appears closer affiliated to E. amaltheiforme. ‘“Deltoto- ceras’ corroyi Gerard, placed in the species-group of E. klimakom- phalum by Elmi (1963, p. 101), has few widely spaced primaries and could be an involute member of the ‘H.’ sieboldi (Oppel) group. Consequently, the subgenus H. (Psewdoptetoceras) is tenta- tively considered synonymous with E, (Euaptetoceras). This opinion is shared by Blaison, et al. (1966, p. 101). Still unsolved is the taxonomic position of Parammatoceras Buckman, 1925, which was placed in synonymy with Planammato- ceras by Arkell, et al. (1957), p. L 267) but with E. (Euaptetoceras) by the present author (1964a, p. 409) on the grounds that the holo- type of the type species P. obtectum Buckman (not P. rugatum Buckman as erroneously stated in loc. cit.) is indistinguishable from the holotype of ‘E. euaptetum’ [= E. amaltheiforme (Vacek) ]. Bremer (1966, p. 158) supported this opinion. ‘This statement does not necessarily imply that the species or subgenera are synonymous. The whorl sides are flattened converging only slightly and the externside is broad. Also the inner whorls as seen in the umbilicus (= 3.5 cm D) of the plastotypes of both type species are similarly evolute with flat inner flanks and _ vertical umbilical wall and have the same dense primaries without tubercles. There may be a slight difference in the costation of the ultimate phragmocone whorl, the secondaries being born by furcation in ‘P. obtectum’ rather than by fasciculating as in ‘E. euaptetum’. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 71 The following measurements were made on the plastotypes. H% W% U% P §(1/4 whorl) ‘Euaptetoceras euaptetum’ holotype (plastotype) (phragm.) 12.8 cm 45 26 21 2 (ater/e5 17 and c.5 cm D) ‘Parammatoceras obtectum’—holotype (plastotype) (phragm.) 18.5 48 26 18.5 oa == % 14.5 47 Be 19.5 = = nf 11.5 45.5 Dy 21 12 18-19 There is no evidence for “ogivale” (like a gothic arch) whorl section or tuberculate inner whorls of ‘Parammatoceras obtectum’ as assumed by Elmi (1963, p. 95) who included in this genus a seemingly diverse group of known and newly named species from the L. opalinum and L. murchisonae Zones. Some of these species are moderately evolute, partially nodose forms with oval whorl section which are grouped about ‘H.’ sieboldi (Oppel) [“P. obtectum Buckman” in Elmi, pl. 6, fig. 1; P. richet Elmi]. In Alaska, E. nucleospinosum Westermann appears to be morpho- logically intermediate between ‘H.’ sieboldi and Eudmetoceras so that I previously assumed a close relationship between ‘H.’ sieboldi and Eudmetoceras (Westermann, 1963a, p. 410); these resem- blances are now thought to be probably due to convergence. In ‘studying Elmi’s monograph (1963), one soon becomes aware that other more evolute and compressed species placed by him in ‘Parammatoceras’ are Closely affiliated with Planammatoceras [op. cit.: ‘Parammatoceras’ auerbachense (Dorn) pla ties: 2 Sander boyert Elmi, pl. 7, fig. 1; compare with Planammatoceras plani- forme (Buckman) (pl. 11, fig. 1) = P. planinsigne (Vacek), P. dubari (Maubeuge) and P. romani Elmi] although the nuclei may be distinguished by bullae-like strong primaries. The widely um- bilicate “P.’ rochei Elmi (pl. 5, fig. 2) resembles closely Eudmeto- ceras (Eudmetoceras) masticonnensis Elmi, (pl. 9, fig. 5) as well as several widely umbilicate Psewdammatoceras species of Elmi, 1.e. P. grandis, P. mouterdi, and P. rugatum Buckman which Buckman placed in Parammatoceras. The unusual oblique bullae of ‘Param- matoceras suballeoni’ Elmi and of the closely affiliated ‘P’ alleoni ~) no BULLETIN 255 Dumortier (Elmi, 1963, pl. 8) are also present in the closely grouped early Aalenian group of Psewdammatoceras ornatum Elmi, P. guliense (Renz), P. dumortiert (Prinz), and probably P. subin- signe (Oppel), type species of Pseudammatoceras Elmi. The dubious ‘Parammatoceras’ appears to be synonymous with E. (Euaptetoceras) unless investigations on new material from the type locality and type stratum can demonstrate that the inner whorls of the large type species P. obtectum are significantly differ- ent from those of the £. amaltheiforme group and, instead, resem- ble those of the H. sreboldi group, as implied by Elmi. By placing P. rugatum in ‘Parammatoceras’, Buckman implied strongly nodose immature whorls. However, Elmi’s transfer of this species to his new genus Pseudammatoceras seems to indicate that either Buckman’s classification was wrong or that ‘Parammatoceras’ as understood by Buckman intergrades with Pseudammatoceras. Consequently, it appears advisable for the time being (1) to consider ‘Parammato- ceras’ a nomen dubium, (2) to tentatively transfer the lot of the species included in ‘Parammatoceras’ by Elmi (1963) to Psewdam- matoceras’, and (3) to tentatively classify Psewdammatoceras as a subgenus of either Planammatoceras or Hammatoceras. The cre- ation of yet another taxon is certainly inadvisable. Csernyeiceras Géczy, based on Hammatoceras ver pillierense Roman and Boyer, appears to be well separated on the base of whorl section and septal suture. Genus EUDMETOCERAS Buckman, 1920 Subgenus EUDMETOCERAS (EUDMETOCERAS) Buckman, 1920 Eudmetoceras (Eudmetoceras) sp. aff. E. eudmetum Buckman, 1920 Pl. 15, figs. a,b 1964. Eudmetoceras (s.s.) cf. E. eudmetum Buckman, Westermann (Wide Bay), Bull. Amer. Paleont., vol. 47, p. 409. Material. — One large phragmocone whorl and one small frag- ment of another large phragmocone, well-preserved internal molds from USGS 21251 (USNM _ 160926). Pseuwdocidoceras zonule, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay, Alaska, Penninsula. Description. —The phragmocone whorl of 12.7 cm diameter is widely umbilicate (U 38%) and compressed oval in section with narrow steep umbilical slope. The externside of the internal mold ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II]: WESTERMANN 73 is narrowly rounded, almost fastigate, and shows remnants of a narrow sharp hollow-floored keel. The costation is strong becom- ing somewhat blunt toward the end of the preserved phragmocone. The ultimate half whorl carries nine somewhat bullae-like, recti- radiate primaries which bifurcate or trifurcate at about two-fifths whorl height. There are 28 partly intercalated, markedly convex and strongly projected secondaries on the ultimate halfwhorl which reach the smooth narrow median band (internal mold) at an angle of about 45° (corresponding to a ventral costae angle of 90°). Septum and suture are well preserved. The septum is planodis- culate; the intensely incised sutures (PI. 15, fig. a) are terminally not markedly approximated, indicating that the phragmocone is incomplete. The other fragmentary specimen has approximated sutures and blunt costation at about 17-20 cm diameter. All lobes are slender with long thin stems. L and E are equally deep, the L/Us, saddle is almost as high but only 2/3 as wide as E/L, Ug is narrow, asymmetric and somewhat oblique; U, (? -—_ U,) is strong- ly suspensive consisting of two major external indentations (or lobes?) . The saddle boundary is therefore strongly bent with the kink over L/U,. The internal suture has a single dominant U/I saddle and adjacent strongly suspensive subdivided umbilical ele- ments. Comparison. — The incomplete Wide Bay specimen resembles the corresponding ultimate halfwhorl of the holotype of E. eudme- tum [plastotype studied] although the latter is preserved with the shell. The only differences are in the slightly wider umbilicus, the stronger more widely spaced primaries and the somewhat stronger flexed secondaries of the Wide Bay specimen (see measurements below). Buckman’s paratype, a topotype from the L. discites Sub- zone of Bradford Abbas in Dorset, which is much larger and has an incomplete body chamber, has even closer set primaries. How- ever, the inner whorls up to eight cm diameter of the Wide Bay form are unknown. Eudmetoceras masticonnensis Elmi (1963, p. 69, pl. 9, figs. 5a, b) from the L. discites Subzone of Maconnais, France, is distin- guished from the type species by the nodose inner whorls, which are not preserved in the Wide Bay specimen, and the stronger bullae-like primaries of the phragmocone of comparable size (see 74 BULLETIN 255 measurements below). The Wide Bay form may, therefore, be closer affiliated with this newly described contemporary and _pos- sible subspecies of E. eudmetum. The Andean Eudmetoceras ? gerthi (Jaworski) and E.? jawor- skit Westermann need further study before comparison can be made. Remarks. — A close although possibly only superficial resem- blance exists to Erycitoides howelli (White) from the underlying E. howelli Zone. However, the latter has a broadly rounded extern- side with a low solid keel, less curved secondaries, and a simpler less strongly suspensive septal suture. Dmm H% W% U% 1 S USNM. 160926 (phragm.) 127 38 27 38 9 28 (phragm.) 86 36 29 c.38 — — E. eudmetum — holotype (body ch.) 110 40 26.5 34 cw 30 (phragm.) 90 83 29.5 35.5 1255 Pal E. masticonnensis — holotype (fide Elmi, phragm.) 92 40 26 35 11 30 Subgenus E. (EUAPTOCERAS) Buckman, 1922 [Syn. PPEUDAPTETOCERAS Géczy, 1966] Eudmetoceras (Euvaptetoceras) klimakomphalum (Vacek), 1866 1886. Harpoceras klimakomphalum n. sp., Vacek (Alps), Abh. K.K. Geol. Reichsanst., vol. 12, No. 3, p. 81, pl. 8, figs. 16, 16a, 17, 17a [lectotpye figs. 7s 7a 21886. Harpoceras amaltheiforme n. sp., Vacek, id., pl. 9, figs. 2, 2a only. (?)1902. Hammatoceras discus n. sp., Merla (Appennine), Paleont. Ital., vol. 34, pl. 2, figs. 1, 2. (?)1926. Oppelia moericket nom. nov., Jaworski (Argent.), Actas Acad. Nat. Sci. Cordoba, pl. 3, fig. 13 (? mon fig. 12, lectotype) [subsp.] (?)1955. Eudmetoceras amplectens Buckman, Maubeuge (Switz.), Mém. Suisses Paleontol., p. 34, pl. 6, figs. 4, 5. 1966. Hammatoceras (Pseudaptetoceras) klimakomphalum (Vacek, 1886), Géczy (Hungary), Geol. Hung., fasc. 34, p. 78, pl. 19, fig. 2; pl. 40, fig. 11, text-fig. 65. 1966. Hammatoceras (Pseudaptetoceras) klimakomphalum paenamplectens n. subsp., Géczy, id. ac., p. 81, pl. 24, fig. 1, pl. 40, fig. 14, text-fig. 68. 21966. Hammatoceras (Pseudaptetoceras) amaltheiforme (Vacek, 1886), Géczy, id. ac., p. 82, pl. 21, pl. 41, fig. 5; text-fig. 69. (?)non 1900. Harpoceras klimakomphalum Vacek, Burckhardt (Argent.), Anal. Museo La Plata, p. 27, pl. 20, figs. 12-14; pl. 29, fig. 3 |copy: Burckhardt, 1903, pl. 2, figs. 1-3]. ?non 1963. Eudmetoceras klimakomphalum (M. Vacek), 1886, renzi nov. subsp., Elmi (France), Trav. Lab. Géol. Lyon, p. 79, pl. 10, fig. 2 [=E. cf. amaltheiforme (Vacek) ]. (?)non 1964. Eudmetoceras klimakomphalum (Vacek), Sapunov (Bulgaria), ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 75 Trav. Géol. Bulg., Sér. Paléont., vol. 6, pl. 2, figs. 2a-c [=E. cf. amalthei- forme (Vacek) ]. ?non 1966. Hammatoceras (Pseudaptetoceras) klimakomphalum involutum (Prinz, 1904), Géczy, id., p. 80, pl. 20, figs. 1, 3; pl. 40, fig. 13; pl. 51, fig. 1; text-fig. 67 [=E. cf. amplectens (Buckman) ]. Lectotype (det. Sapunov, 1964, p. 262): Vacek, 1886, pl. 8, figs. 17, 17a. — A probably incomplete phragmocone from the “con- densed”’ lenticular limestone beds at Cap St. Vigilio, Lago de Garda, in the southern Alps. According to Géczy (1966, p. 79), who has seen the type specimens, the costation of the lectotype is some- what more feeble than represented in Vacek’s figure. Measurements of type specimens according to Vacek (page 81) or to original figures (in brackets). — Dmm W% H% U% 1p S lectotype (phragm.) 59 24 54 13.5 [c.13] [36] ‘cotype’ (Vacek, fig. 16) 147 23 47 17 — [c.40] (phragm. ) E. klimakomphalum ?, juv. (Vacek, pl. 9, figs. 2, 2a) [21] [25] [43] [21] [c.13] [22] Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) klimakomphalum discoidale Westermann, n. subsp. JPL eS sae, &} Op reik we, rae, al, we 12 aly, says, ts IRIE alts} ayes, Ile Text-figs. 22, 24, 25. Holotype. — Pl. 16, figs. la-f; Text-fig. 25; a slightly damaged phragmocone with well-preserved nucleus. Repository: USNM 160927. (Paratype: Pl. 14, figs. 8a, b; a small phragmocone with crushed body chamber. Repository: USNM 160928) . Locus typicus. — U.S. Geological Survey Mesozoic locality 12405 at southeast coast of Wide Bay, Alaska Peninsula. Stratum typicum. — Pseudocidoceras zonule of the upper Kia- lagvik Formation. Age. — Lower to middle S. sowerby: Zone, Bajocian. Diagnosis. — A subspecies of E. klimakomphalum with sub- lanceolate whorl section and rounded umbilical margin. Material.— The holotype and three other incomplete speci- mens from USGS 12405; two incomplete phragmocones from USGS 19863; one small internal mold from CAS 29011; one large incom- plete internal mold from WA 11 at 11m; one fragment from WA 15 at 3 m;? one phragmocone with test remains and one fragment from USGS 21251. All from the Pseudocidoceras zonule of the S. sower- byt Zone, Kialagvik Formation of Wide Bay. 95 76 BULLETIN 255 30 30%U 20%U 1lO%U 20 phragm. E. klimakomphalum e lectotype (L) + topotypes E.k. discoidale , holot. (H) v E nucleospinosum, holot.(H) A E. aff. nucleospinosum a lO 20 SO Lefe) 200 300 D (mm) Text-fig. 22.— Scatter with growth lines for relative umbilical width (U:D) of Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) spp., phragmocones. Note the change from widely umbilicate juvenile whorls to involute mature whorls at 30-40 mm D and the close resemblance between EF. (E.) klimakomphalum (Vacek) s.s. and E. (E.) klimakomphalum discoidale, n. subsp., while E. (E.) nucleospinosum Westermann and FE. (E.) sp. aff. E. nucleospinosum, respectively from the E. howelli and S. sowerbyi zones, tend to retain the wide umbilicus. Description. —'The innermost whorls, up to 12-15 mm diame- ter, are widely umbilicate, subcircular, keeled and may have simple costation with or without fine tubercles. Significantly, the strong- est ornament in form of fine tubercles is found in the most widely umbilicate nuclei (paratype, Pl. 14, fig. 8a). There can be little ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 77 / \ | " / ik \ | \ | l | | | | | | | ! l / \ \ Se 23 7 24 3 Text-fig. 23. — Cross-section of Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) sp. aff. E. nucleospinosum Westermann, probably complete phragmocone, loc. USGS 12405 (USNM 160231); x 1. Text-fig. 24.— Cross-section of Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) klimakom- phalum discoidale, n. subsp., phragmocone (section of ultimate halfwhorl ro- tated by 20°), loc. USGS 19863 in the Pseudocidoceras zonule (USNM 160230) ; ea be doubt that all specimens from locality USGS 12405 belong to a single variable species. At 12-15 mm diameter, the whorls become rapidly compressed and involute. The intermediate phragmocone whorls are tightly coiled (U-10-16%) , subtrigonal (‘lanceolate’) in section with nar- 78 BULLETIN 255 L E U2 Us O Text-fig. 25.— Septal suture oo of Eudmetoceras (Euapteto- Q oS ceras) klimakomphalum discoi- . iy : dale, n. subsp., holotype, phrag- , wh) mocone at 72 mm D; x 1.5. row, steep and usually well-separated somewhat curved umbilical walls, subparallel inner flanks and gradually converging outer flanks forming (internal mold) an acutely fastigate venter on which is set a high and narrow, hollow-floored keel. The ornament con- sists of blunt almost rectiradiate, often weakly rursiradiate and somewhat projected costae which in the earlier stages usually reach over the whole flank and are more or less weakly fasciculate. ‘The later growth stages have irregular blunt primaries which split into two or three secondaries; the inner flanks tend to become smooth commencing from the umbilical margin, so that beyond 30-50 mm diameter they bear only irregular radial undulations while the blunt costae are restricted to the outer one-third of the sides. The last one to one and one-half whorls of the phragmocone, beyond 60-100 mm diameter, are compressed subtrigonal (“‘lanceo- late’) in section with well-rounded umbilical slope and narrowly rounded to fastigate venter and strong hollow-floored keel. ‘The broad blunt costation is restricted to the outer third of the whorl sides while the centre and inner flanks are smooth. The end of the phragmocone, which reaches 130-150 mm diameter, may become somewhat wider umbilicate. The body chamber is preserved only in a few small fragments which show some distant very blunt secondary costation. The mature septal suture (PI. 16, fig. 1f; Text-fig. 25) is highly complex with long narrow finger-like lobes. L is longer than E and the U lobes; the L/U, saddle is much smaller than E/L, and the other lobes and saddles of the external suture form a declining sequence with straight saddle-boundary. Only the inner umbilical elements are slightly oblique. However, the suture of the somewhat ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 79 more evolute immature whorls (20-35 mm D) is clearly suspensive with two or three oblique umbilical elements. Discussion. —One large specimen and a fragment from loc. USGS 21251 of the same zonule differ by extremely involute mature whorls and by the preservation of lateral irregular faint spiral mark- ings and strongly projected weak growth lines on the shoulder (PI. 16, fig. 2; Pl. 18, figs. la, b). However, typical spiral striae or grooves as developed in most Strigoceras [cf. S. languidum (Buck- man) described by Imlay (1964, p. B 37) from the O. sauzei and S. humphriesianum Zones of southeastern Alaska] are absent. The suture is poorly preserved except for some intensely frilled detail. Although this specimen is probably only an involute variant of E. klimakomphalum discoidale, the close resemblance to Strigoceras is considered significant. Another specimen of the same assemblage, which is distin- guished by evolute nodose juvenile and intermediate whorls, is de- scribed below as E. (Euaptetoceras) cf. E. nucleospinosum Wester- mann. Comparison. — This new subspecies is distinguished from £. klimakomphalum s.s. by the rounded umbilical slope of the outer whorls and probably also by stronger compressed whorls with more acutely converging flanks forming a more narrowly rounded, al- most fastigate venter, and the somewhat wider spaced costation. ‘Hammatoceras discus’, Merla and ‘Harpoceras (Lioceras) amalthei- forme mut. involutum’ Prinz (see Géczy, 1966, p. 80, pl. 20, figs. I, 3) are both closely affiliated with the restricted species and prob- ably mere varieties. Neither the suture nor the umbilicus of the former appear to be significantly different as supposed by Merla (1934, p. 18) and inferred by Géczy (1966, pp. 65, 66, 80). The distinction of ‘H. klimakomphalum paenamplectens’ Géczy (1966, p. 81), based solely on the supposedly simpler septal suture of a single possibly corroded specimen, appears dubious. Géczy’s state- ment that Eudmetoceras amplectens (Buckman) has a simpler su- ture than E. klimakomphalum does not agree with my own ex- perience and other descriptions (see Westermann, 1964a, pl. 68, fig. la; Bremer, 1966, pl. 15, fig. la). Elmi (1963, p. 100) is probably correct in placing ‘Oppelia subradiata Sowerby var. tyrrhenica’ 80 BULLETIN 255 Renz (1925, pl. 2, figs. 1, la) in E. (Euaptetoceras). This species is distinguished from FE. klimakomphalum s.s. apparently only in the totally smooth inner half of the whorl sides throughout growth. E. tyrrhenicum closely resembles ‘Oppelia’ moericket Jaworski (1926; lectotype here designated: pl. 3, figs. 12 a-c; ?non fig. 13) from the (upper) L. concava or lower S. sowerbyi Zone of Men- doza in the southern Andes (type specimens and type locality rein- vestigated) which has a hollow-floored keel, a slightly rounded umbilical wall and obsolescent primary costae. E. klimakomphalum moerickei is distinguished from E. klimakomphalum s.s., E. k. discoidale and E. tyrrhenicum by the denser, almost rectiradiate and only slightly projected secondaries. The new subspecies has broader, more widely spaced costae than any of the named species and subspecies. There is no sharp umbilical margin or edge as in E. klimakomphalum s.s. and the flank of the last whorl rounds gently to the umbilical seam, similar as in E. amplectens. ‘Witchellia? aguilonia’ Imlay (1964, p. B35, pl. 5) from southeastern Alaska, which is a typical £. (Ewaptetoceras), has much more robust whorls with relatively large immature umbilicus and stronger costation. Measurements. — Dmm Ww% 1B WI P S Holotype (phragm.) 88 26.5 —_— = = 32 “ 70 27 56 10 (c.10) 28 7 37 28 49 17 — — 4 24+ 31 48 ZALES Gal, 24 is 13 e3y, 42 C23 = — Paratype (body ch.) 56 C28 53 16 c.15 32 (phragm. ) 35 25 41 23.5, el6 29 ¥ 20 Wifes 35 Bilas) (S38) — “ 11 35.5 Ce)o5) c.28 11 nodes — USNM 160230 (phragm.) c.130 c.25 c.55 c.12 _— ‘ 58 26.5 64 13.8 _— 31 32 — 50 21 = cf. E. klimakomphalum discoidale USNM 160232 (body ch.) 80 62 54 ths (( &))) 33 (phragm.) c.67 c.26 c.55 c.9.0 — —— Eudmetoceras (Evaptetoceras) sp. aff. E. nucleospinosum Westermann, 1964 Pl. 17, figs. 2a, b; Text-figs. 22-23 Material.—A_ single probably complete, slightly damaged, ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 81 large phragmocone from USGS 12405 (USNM _ 160231), upper Kialagvik Formation, probably Pseudocidoceras zonule of S. sow- erbyi Zone, Wide Bay. Description. — The inner whorls, up to about 40 mm diameter, are widely umbilicate (U = 30%) and almost planulate with shallow umbilicus, while the outer one and one-half whorls become abruptly much more involute (U = 16%) and typically discoidal with rounded subvertical umbilical wall. The nucleus below 12-15 mm diameter is typically “coronate,” rounded to somewhat depressed in whorl section with strong lat- eral nodes [six to seven per half-whorl]. The next whorl is compressed oval in section with fastigate venter on the internal mold; the shell had a sharp hollow-floored keel and carried densely fasciculate, almost rectiradiate, slightly to moderately projected costae which retract from the innermost flanks. The umbilical seam of these inner whorls lies outside the lateral nodes of the pre- ceding whorls at approximately one-half whorl height. At 45-50 mm diameter, the rounded steep umbilical wall de- velops and the overlap increases rapidly so that the last whorl’s umbilical seam lies on the penultimate whorl’s umbilical margin. The inner flanks are now flattened and subparallel while the outer flanks converge gently up to the high, narrow, hollow-floored keel. The last whorl has irregularly branching and somewhat fascicu- late, slightly falcoid costae which strengthen on the outer flanks; there are about 13-14 blunt prosoradiate primaries and 30-32 pro- jecting secondaries on the last one-half whorl of the phragmocone. Discussion. — Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras?) nucleospinosum Westermann (see appendix) is distinguished by the larger “coron- ate” stage with somewhat stronger nodes which are “impressed” in the subsequent umbilical wall. E. amaltheiforme (Vacek) which is closely affiliated, differs in the cross-section with well-developed shoulders and broadly rounded externside. This specimen is mor- phologically intermediate between E. klimakomphalum discoidale n. subsp. and the slightly older E. nucleospinosum from the E. howelli Zone of Wide Bay, probably reflecting phylogenetic rela- tionship. 82 BULLETIN 255 Measurements. — Dmm H% Ww% WIGS P S USNM 160231 (phragm.) 94 52 25 16 ~-- 30-32 2 43 49 27 ¢.26 = = 19 38 c.34 32 — 25 Appendix. — Eudmetoceras nucleospinosum Westermann, 1964. The measurements of the type specimens were erroneously omitted from the original description (Westermann, 1964a, p. 415, pl. 66) and are given below. Furthermore, it appears now that only the original topotype (U W 16633; loc. cit., figs. 4a-d) which becomes involute at maturity, is conspecific with the incomplete holotype, while the originally designated “paratype” (U W 16635; loc. cit., fig. 5) which remains relatively evolute, is not. E. nucleospinosum is, therefore, tentatively transferred from Eudmetoceras s.s. to E. (Euaptetoceras). The strongly compressed original “paratype” is probably closely affiliated with Ewdmetoceras (Eudmetoceras) insig- noides (Quenstedt) . Measurements [from plastotypes].— D H% W% U% P S Holotype (phragm.) c.37 c.53(19.5mm) ¢.38(14mm) c.32 = c.2! 7 24 38 38 BB (c. 9) — * 12 33 58 29 6 spines — UW 16633 (phragm.) (60-65) — (16 mm) c.16(10mm) - 28 43 c.34 29 — = 19 45 42 S15) _ = 12 35 c.55 37.5 5.5 spines — [sp. nov. ?] UW 16635 (phragm.) 79 4 c.19 26 a: 59 43 a 28 c.15 3 Eudmetoceras (Euvaptetoceras) amplectens (Buckman) 1889 [?forma or subsp. aguilonia (Imlay) 1964] Pls. 19-21; Text-fig. 26 1889. Hammatoceras amplectens, sp. nov., Buckman (Dorset), Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc., vol. 45, p. 662. 1920. Eudmetoceras amplectens (Buckman), Buckman (Dorset), Type Ammonites, III, pl. 180A, pl. 180 B, figs. 1 (holotype), 2. ?1940. Hammatoceras sp.,, Althof (Germany), Palaeontogr., vol. 85, B, p. 38. 1957. Eudmetoceras amplectens (Buckman), Lieb (Swiss Jura), Ber. schweiz. palaeont. Ges., vol. 50, p. 580 [specimens seen]. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 83 80 70 60 50 30% U 40 30 lO%U 20 U (mm) body ch. phragm. Wide Bay ==0==.) ==0== holotype (H)+ topotypes —w— var. (subsp?)agui/onia, types —a— 5 20 50 100 +=: 150: 200.-—Ss-«2300 D (mm) Text-fig. 26.— Scatter with growth lines for relative umbilical width (U:D) of Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) amplectens (Buckman), for compari- son of the type specimens from England with the sample from the FE. amplec- tens zonule of Wide Bay and ‘Witchellia? aguilonia’ Imlay [= var./susp.? of E. amplectens] from the O. sauzei Zone of southern Alaska. Note the morpho- genetic change and the great similarity of the three “samples” with the pos- sible exception of adult phragmocones; however, the holotype of E. amplectens is probably an involute variant. 1963. Euaptetoceras amplectens (Buckman), Elmi (S.E. France), Trav. Labor. Géol. Lyon, p. 72, pl. 10, figs. 1a, b. 1964. Eudmetoceras amplectens Buckman, Sapunoy (Bulgaria), Tray. Géol. Bulg., sér. Paleont., vol. 6, p. 261, pl. 1, figs. 1a, b, pl. 3, figs. la, b. 1964. Eudmetoceras amplectens (Buckman), 1886 [error for 1889], Wester mann (Wide Bay), Bull. Amer. Paleont., vol. 47, No. 216, p. 417, pl. 67, figs. 2a-c; pl. 68, figs. la-c; text-figs. 28, 29. 1964. Witchellia? aguilonia Imlay n. sp., Imlay (Alaska), U.S. Geol. Sur., Prof. Pap. 418-B, p. B35, pl. 4, fig. 9, pl. 5, figs. 4, 7-9. (2)1964. Witchellia? aff. W.? aguilonia Imlay n. sp., Imlay, id. ac., p. B36, pl. 4, figs. 1-4. 84 BULLETIN 255 1966. Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) amplectens (Buckman), Bremer (Turkey), N. Jb. Geol. Palaeont., Abh. 125, p. 159, pl. 15, fig. 1. (?)1966. Hammatoceras (Pseudaptetoceras) klimakomphalum — involutum (Prinz, 1904), Géczy (Hungary), Geol. Hung., sér. Paléont., fase. 34, p. 80, pl. 20, figs. 1, 3. non 1955. Eudmetoceras amplectens (Buckman), Maubeuge (Swiss Jura), Mem. suisse paléont., vol. 71, p. 34, pl. 6, figs. 4, 5, [= E. cf. &li- makomphalum (Vacek) |. non 1966. Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) amplectens Buckman, Blaison et al. (French Jura), Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Doubs, No. 68, fasc. 4, p. 100, figs. 1, 2 on p. 101 [=E. cf. amaltheiforme (Vacek) ]. Material. — Nine incomplete and more or less strongly cor- roded internal molds, partly with body chambers and test re- mains, and several fragments, from WA 8 (J 952-968); ? one frag- ment from WA 4; two fragments from WA 5; two internal molds of phragmocones and body chamber fragments from WA _ 12 (J1262a, b); one almost complete well-preserved phragmocone from USGS 12405. The collections WA 4, WA 5 and WA 8 are from the massive greywacke beds [E. amplectens zonule] at the base of the S. sowerbyi Zone; USGS 12405 is from the superjacent Pseudocidoceras zonule of the same zone, while WA 12 is from the Pseudobigotites zonule of the O. sauzei Zone. All from the Kialagvik Formation, southeast shore of Wide Bay. Description. —This material appears to belong to a single species which is highly variable in coiling (umbilical width) , both morphogenetically and infraspecifically (Text-fig. 26). As usual, the more loosely coiled forms are more strongly ornate than the very involute forms. Because the involute variants are indistin- guishable from typical E. amplectens (Pls. 20, 21; Text-fig. 26) the whole material is placed in this species. ‘The abundant relatively evolute forms (U = 15%) may be distinguished as ‘forma agui- lonia’ (Imlay). It is, however, improbable that these constitute an independent subspecies or species. Both formas are present in the basal S$. sowerbyi Zone and in the O. sauzez Zone, but the more widely umbilicate forms may be relatively more frequent above, at Wide Bay and on the Iniskan Peninsula. Alternately, the total intergrading form group could perhaps be included in the sub- species E. amplectens aguilonia (Imlay) . ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 85 The mature shell is large, involute and subdiscoidal with rounded umbilical slope, broadly rounded venter carrying a hol- low-floored keel, obsolescent primaries and densely spaced mod- erately projected secondaries. The umbilical seam of the last whorl, including the body chamber, egresses strongly. The nucleus is much more widely umbilicate than the mature phragmocone and may have very blunt, irregular, distantly spaced primaries. The morphogenesis from this evolute juvenile stage into the typical involute growth stage occurs at varying sizes; as expected, a longer retained and more evolute juvenile stage will generally result in a less involute mature shell, 7.e. forma aguilonia (Text-fig. 26). The nucleus is visible in two specimens (J 965 and USNM 160234; Pl. 21, fig. 1d). The innermost whorls are subcircular bearing a low sharp keel and moderately evolute (27% at 15 mm D) becoming slightly compressed oval at 12-15 mm diameter, and embracing the preceding whorl slightly more than one half. At 20-25 mm diameter the whorls become abruptly more involute and develop a compressed trapezoidal whorl section with rounded um- bilical walls and shoulders. The mature phragmocone of the com- plete specimen is narrowly umbilicate (11%), discoidal with well- rounded umbilical margin and steep but not vertical umbilical slope, converging outer two-thirds of the flanks and broadly round- ed venter which carries a hollow-floored keel. There are only some irregular swellings on the inner flanks of the penultimate halfwhorl while the outer third of the flank carries blunt, mod- erately projected secondaries, 31 per halfwhorl. The other nucleus (J 965) is from a more widely umbilicate specimen. The whorl section changes from subcircular to compressed oval at 15 mm diameter, becomes trapezoidal at 20-25 mm D, but remains rela- tively evolute (27% at 26.5 mm D, c. 26% at 32 mm D, 22% at 46 mm D). This specimen has much stronger costae which on the nucleus are irregularly fasciculate and markedly falcoid with raised, irregularly arranged bullae-like swellings on the inner flanks. At about 30-35 mm D the costae become rectiradiate, moderately pro- jected and restricted to the outer flanks while the inner flanks have only a few irregular broad swellings. There are about 26-30 secondaries per halfwhorl. This form is probably identical with 86 BULLETIN 255 ‘Witchellia? aff. W.? aguilonia’ of Imlay (1964, pl. 4, figs. 1-4) from the O. sauzet Zone of the Iniskin Peninsula. Other specimens from the fossiliferous E. amplectens zonule (WA 8) are intermediate in all visible morphological features be- tween the involute weakly ornate forms (J 963) and the more widely umbilicate, more strongly ornate forms (J 968). Irregular broad swellings on the inner flanks which often extend onto the umbilical slope, can be seen in the umbilici of most median to relatively widely evolute variants. One of the evolute variants (J 968) has distant blunt primaries (about five per halfwhorl) up to a diameter of 110 mm. The secondaries on the mature phragmocone of these relatively evolute variants are widely spaced (about 25 per halfwhorl) and weaken markedly only towards the end of large phragmocones at 120-150 mm diameter, while the cos- tation of the involute variants (averaging 30 secondaries per half- whorl) becomes obsolete already at 80-110 mm. Densely spaced, slightly concave simple growth lines are sometimes visible even on the internal mold and some low swellings may be developed. Toward the end of the phragmocone, at about 80-100 mm dia- meter, the umbilical seam egresses rapidly, the umbilical wall be- coming lower and less steep. The full phragmocone diameter is 120-160 mm. The body chamber is two-thirds to three-fourths whorls long; the two specimens with preserved apertures are approximately 200 mm in diameter. The umbilical seam egresses strongly until the aperture embraces only about one-third of the preceding whorl. While the whorl height is somewhat reduced, the inner height (dorsum to venter) remains approximately constant. The flanks flatten and may become slightly concave in the lower third. The aperture is preceded by a weak constriction of the internal mold probably indicating thickening of the shell. ‘The peristome is sig- moid with broad mid-lateral projections and ventral lappet (PI. 2, hig 2) r The septal suture is highly complex with slender endings which interfinger from one line into the next. L is longer than, E; the saddles decrease successively in size towards the umbilical seam following a straight saddle line; the inner umbilical elements (U, + ?) are usually oblique and somewhat suspensive. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 87 Discussion. — Since the first volume of this monograph (West- ermann, 1964a) went into press, Eudmetoceras amplectens has been described (1) from the Maconnais in eastern France (Elmi, 1963) , (2) from beds between the L. concava and S. sowerbyi ‘beds’ [?L. discites Subzone] of Bulgaria (Sapunovy, 1964), (3) possibly from the L. concava Zone of Hungary (Géczy, 1966; as Hammato- ceras klimakomphalum involutum (Prinz), (4) from the L. discites Subzone of Turkey (Bremer, 1966), and (5) from the O. sauzei Zone of southern Alaska (Imlay, 1964; as Witchellia? aguilonia, WSs)" While the European and Turkish finds, as well as the two specimens described in my first volume from the E. howell: Zone of southern Alaska lie within the generally accepted vertical range of E. amplectens, i.e. (upper) L. concava to lower S. sowerbyi Zones, the range of the species is now extended into the O. sauzei Zone for Wide Bay and probably also for the Talkeetna Mountains of the Iniskin Peninsula (type locality of ‘W.? aguilonia’) , southern Alaska. Although the exact level of the Talkeetna Mountains oc- currence is unknown and the zonal assignment, therefore, tenta- tive, the S. sauzei Zone is well established for the Wide Bay speci- mens. I have seen the specimens from Wide Bay recorded by Im- lay (as Witchellia? aguilonia) and recovered one each of the in- volute and the more widely umbilicate forms from the Pseudobigo- tites zonule of locality WA 12, more than 100 m above the Pseudo- cidoceras zonule. ‘Witchellia? aff. W.? aguilonia’ Imlay (1964 p. B36) appears indeed to be an evolute variant of ‘W.? aguilonia’ with which it is associated also in the Talkneeta Mountains. Imlay (1964, p. B36) noted the “similar appearance” of the ‘Witchellia? aguilonia, n. sp.’ and Eudmetoceras amplectens but was obviously averted by the slight difference in age. He also stated that the former “appears to have more flexuous less regular rib- bing that tends to be more fasciculate.’”” However, these supposed differences do not apply for the majority of specimens, including both figured specimens of ‘W.? aguilonia’ [holotype and paratype], according to my knowledge of E. amplectens topotypes. On the strength of the septal suture as figured by Imlay (1964, pl. 5, fig. 4) from a paratype, as partly seen on the photo- graph of the holotype, and observed by me on other specimens 88 BULLETIN 255 including ‘W.? aff. W.? aguilonia’ of Imlay (1964, pl. 4, fig. 4), there can be no doubt that ‘Witchellia? aguilonia’ belongs to the Hammatoceratinae and not to the Sonniniidae. The suture is ex- tremely complex, and the umbilical elements are suspensive. The majority of the southern Alaskan specimens are distin- guished from typical European E. amplectens in the somewhat wider umbilicus of the (mature) phragmocone (U=15-20% vs. 10-12.5° ) and by the often present widely spaced, strongly irregu- lar swellings on the inner flanks of the inner whorls. However, these swellings are apparently absent on the holotype and the large figured paratype of ‘IW.? aguilonia’. Furthermore, the morpho- logical variation of the typical European E. amplectens is poorly known. It is possible that E. amplectens of Dorset (type locality) intergrades with the more widely umbilicate E. amaltheiforme [syn. E. ewaptetum Buckman] which has densely spaced primaries. Although the European EF. amplectens, including the holotype, reach the involute growth stage at a small size, some specimens, such as Buckman’s paratype (pl. 180, B, fig. 2), retain the more widely umbilicate stage until about one-half full size (U=16.5% at 69 mm D, see Text-fig. 26). The fact that no European E. amplec- tens has been described with a mature umbilical width of more than 139%, as is common in the Alaskan forms of both S. sowerbyi and O. sauzei zones, may be due to “splitting” pears improbable. although this ap- In conclusion, it is advisable to place the more evolute ornate and the involute weakly costate specimens from Alaska in the single species E. amplectens and, if necessary, to distinguish the former as forma aguilonia rather than as subspecies aguilonia. The involute forms of the Alaskan E. amplectens resemble E. klimakomphalum discoidale n. subsp. from the slightly younger Pseudocidoceras zonule of Wide Bay from which they are distin- guished particularly in the broad shoulders. Significantly, these species have never been found together which is probably owing to different habitats, i.e. E. amplectens possibly living in shallower water. ALASKAN AMMONITES, Pr. II: WESTERMANN 89 (swellings) c.28 4-6 fasc. Measurements. — Dmm W% H% U% USNM 160234 (phragm.) 78 33 54 11 i 35 38.5 59 18 t 15 42 45 27 McM J965 (phragm.) 46 35 52 22, 26.5 20 46 27 McM J968 (aperture) c.210 c.17(36mm)_ ¢.33 c.29 (62mm) (phragm.) 150 20 47 16 c.100 — c.50(50mm)_ c.15(15mm) McM J963 (aperture) c.185 c.17(31mm) c.32 c.37 (68mm) (phragm.) 108 26 51 10.5 73 29 53 10.5 50 32 55 15 McM J960 (body ch.) 200 c.39 c.16 c.30 v (phragm.) 107 c.24 c.50 c.18.5 McM J956 (phragm.) 14 — 49 19 ‘i c.85 — c.51 c.16.5 McM J953 (body ch.) 107 24 50 16.5 (phragm. ) 70 — 48.5 c.13.5 McM J952 (phragm.) 145 22 42 21 a 107 2 2 17 O. sauzei Zone: ‘Witchellia? aguilonia’, paratype [from plaster cast] (phragm. ) 132 25 50 15 . c.65 c.31(20mm) c.49(32 mm) c.18(12mm) Holotype [from plaster cast] (end phragm.) 145 23 50 15 ‘W.? aff. W.? aguilonia’ USNM 13157 [from fig. ] (phragm. ) 75 — 49 2A) Y 55 —_— 42 30 J1262a (end phragm.) 117 23 50 11.5 a 84 30 53 9.5 J1262b (phragm.) 100 29 (29mm) 52(52mm) 20 30-32 (obsol.) c.36 37 26 40 90 BULLETIN 255 cf. Eudmetoceras s. 1. indet. [? 4] Pi 2 hicas Material. — A single right external mold from WA 8, lower part (McM J 958). E. amplectens zonule of the S. sowerbyit Zone, upper Kialagvik Formation, Wide Bay. Description. — At 36 mm diameter, the whorls are compressed oval in section and widely umbilicate (339%). Significantly, the umbilical seam egresses markedly at the end of the preserved conch which coincides with modification of the costation, suggesting that the shell was adult. However, the septation is invisible. The costation consists of somewhat falcoid costae forming bullae where they fasciculate, and of intercalatories. On the last one-quarter whorl, the costae become partly reduced and irregu- larly spaced. Discussion. — This probably adult and complete specimen closely resembles the nucleus (up to c. 25 mm D) of the widely umbilicate variant of the macroconchiate Eudmetoceras amplectens and could, therefore, be the corresponding microconch (male) . The microconchiate subgenus EF. (Rhodaniceras) Elmi is distinguished by ventral sulci and strong, not projected costae. Genus PLANAMMATOCERAS Buckman, 1922 ?Subgenus P. (PSEUDAMMATOCERAS) Elmi, 1963 [“Parammatoceras” Buckman, 1925, nom dub.] Planammatoceras (Pseudammatoceras?) cf. P. benneri (Hoffman) 1913 Pl. 22, figs. 2, b (2?) 1913. Hammatoceras beneri sp. nov., G. Hoffmann (Germany), Strat. u. Amm. Fauna Unt. Doggers in Sehnde, p. 191, pl. 18, fig. 15. 1964. Sonninia cf. 8. patella (Waagen), Imlay (Cook Inlet), U.S. Geol. Sur., Prof. Paper 418-B, p. B33, pl. 4, figs. 2-4. Material. —One large almost complete well-preserved speci- men from USGS 21251 (USNM 160235). Pseudocidoceras zonule of the S. sowerbyi Zone, Kialagvik Formation, Wide Bay. Description. —'The inner whorls up to 25-30 mm diameter are widely umbilicate, subcircular in section, and have a thin low keel. Subsequently, the whorls become more involute and increasingly compressed with subtriangular section and narrowly rounded venter with hollow-floored, low keel. The narrow steep umbilical wall be- comes increasingly more separated from the slightly convex and converging flanks by the umbilical margin. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 9] The costation of the nucleus (20 mm D) consists of slightly rursiradiate and weakly projected simple ribs which partly fascicu- late. Subsequently, widely and irregularly spaced (4-6/halfwhorl) strong bullae-like primaries develop on the inner third of the flanks while the intermediate primaries become obsolete. The sec- ondaries, about four times as numerous as the primaries (20/half- whorl) , are blunt slightly rursiradiate and somewhat projected on the shoulders. They die out gradually beside the keel. The middle of the flank, at the base of the secondaries and beneath the subse- quent umbilical seam, is almost smooth so that the secondaries ap- pear disconnected. ‘Towards the end of the phragmocone (120 mm D), the costae become obsolete with some wide undulations re- maining on the inner flank. The body chamber, three-fourths whorls long, terminates in the partly preserved simple aperture (195 mm D). The inner flank becomes more compressed and slightly concave beside the well-developed umbilical margin. The outer three-fifths of the flanks are flat and converge to the broadly rounded shoulders. The venter is obtusely fastigate. “The last halfwhorl is smooth except for faint somewhat prosoradiate and slightly projected growth lines. The septal suture is highly complex with typically oblique and suspensive umbilical lobes. Discussion. —'The specimen closely resembles Sonninia ex. gr. S. patella (Waagen) for which it was at first mistaken before the typically hammatoceratid septal suture was observed. This specimen belongs to the species-group of ‘Hammatoceras’ steboldi (Oppel) which flourished in the L. murchisonae Zone and was placed in the dubious ‘Parammatoceras’ Buckman by Elmi (1963, p. 65; holotype refigured). The Wide Bay form is distin- guished from ‘H.’ sreboldi by the much wider spaced secondaries and closely resembles ‘H.’ benneri Hoffmann, originally described from the upper L. concava Zone (+ L. discites Subzone) of Han- nover, Germany. Elmi (1963, p. 94) placed ‘H.’ benneri in Pseu- damatoceras but separated Hoffmann’s similar paratype (fig. 14) not only specifically (using the species name achillet which had been tentatively suggested by Hoffmann) but generically by placing it in Eudmetoceras S.s. 92 BULLETIN 255 Of special significance is the occurrence of this form in the Talkeetna Mountains on the Iniskin Peninsula of southeastern Alaska. The single large specimen described as ‘Sonninia cf. S. patella (Waagen)’ by Imlay (1964, p. B33, pl. 4, figs. 2-4) came from a large collection indicating the O. sauzei Zone (op. cit., table 12, p. B27); although it might have originated in a lower horizon within the 60-65 thick sequence of USGS locality 324113 (op. cit., table 11). My reinvestigation of this specimen (May 1967) showed that the septal suture is complex and strongly suspensive in con- trast to the development in all Sonniniidae. If the origin of this form in the O. sauze: Zone can be established, the upper range of the Hammatoceratinae would be extended from the (lower) S. sowerbyi Zone to the O. sauzei Zone. Measurements. — Dmm H% W% U% iB S USNM 160235 (body ch.) 195 — —_ _— == = 3 165 39.5 22 31 _- — (phragm.) 120 43 PM lps) 28 8 c.30 22 63 45.5 38 32 6-7 ¢.25 a2 29 36 37 38 5-6 — Family SONNINIIDAE Buckman, 1892 Genus SONNINIA Bayle, 1879 Subgenus S. (EUHOPLOCERAS) Buckman, 1913 [Syns. Sherbornites, (2?) Stiphromorphites Buckman, 1923] Type species. —Sonninia acanthodes Buckman, 1889 (1892) [—S. adicra Waagen, 1876].— The originally figured early juve- nile stage by Buckman in 1889 (p. 658) cannot be regarded as, and was not meant to be, the holotype. The detailed description of the species and the first figures of mature specimens were given by the same author in 1892 (plate 58 and later) who depicted the large almost complete specimen on plate 60 as ‘type-specimen’. The same figure was reproduced in the Treatise (Arkell, eé al., 1957, p. L 269). The specific identity of probably all 65 larger Euhoploceras ‘species’ of Buckman from the L. discites Subzone of Bradford Abbas in Dorset, as well as of about a dozen central European ‘species’ and ‘subspecies, with Sonninia adicra Waagen has re- cently been established (Westermann, 1966). It appears that only ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 93 the single highly variable species S$. adicra can clearly be dis- tinguished within the European realm of the subgenus S. (Euhoplo- ceras) which ranges laterally from southern England to Marocco but is vertically essentially restricted to the L. discites Subzone, al- though appearing rarely in the L. concava Zone of southern Eng- land and ranging into the S. trigonalis Subzone of the middle S. sowerbyi Zone. The distinction of Sonninia (Euhoploceras) from Sonninia s.s. is certainly not sharp. Even the type species of the latter, S. pro- pinquans Bayle, resembles S. adicra, type species of the former, in many respects; several intermediate forms have been named such as S. spinifera Buckman and S. sowerbyi adicroides Hiltermann, both of which are now placed in S. adicra. Nevertheless, the sub- genus has been retained in the Treatise and most recently by West- ermann (1966) especially because of stratigraphic usefulness. S. (Euhoploceras) includes Sonniniidae tending to have evolute round- ed whorls with rursiradiate strong costae, which are retained be- yond the spinous stage onto the body chamber, and a thin low hollow-floored keel. However, some variants become almost or en- tirely smooth with compressed whorls and no single character is diagnostic for this subgenus. In the circum-Pacific realm, S. (Euhoploceras) is known from northern California, Oregon, (?) Alberta, southern Alaska (here described) and Western Australia. The S. sowerbyi Zone is more or less strongly indicated at all occurrences. At Mount Jura in Shasta County, California, ‘Stiphromorphites schucherti’” Crickmay (1933, pl. 28, nom. dub.), a probable but poorly known S. (Euhoploceras), occurs in the Mormon Formation below beds with S$. (Papilliceras) spp. of the O. sauzet Zone and well below Normannites (Itinsaites). The best published sequence is in the Supplee area of east- central Oregon (Lupher, 1941), but the abundant new forms have not yet been described. The author visited and recollected the prin- ciple section in 1962. The Weberg Formation of the Colpitts Group contains a fauna of large S. (Euhoploceras) with typically straight strong costae on the outer whorls, evolute Witchellia (‘Zugopho- rites’), early cf. Strigoceras [or? Praestrigites], cf. Docidoceras s.L., 94 BULLETIN 255 Eudmetoceras?, and abundant pelecypods. Tmetoceras occurs be- neath and stephanoceratids several hundred meters above. From an isolated exposure of the Fernie Group at Lake Min- newanka near Banff, Alberta, several poorly preserved (?) S. (Euho- ploceras), which are probably conspecific with the Wide Bay form, were described and tentatively compared with Sonninia gracilis Whiteaves by Frebold (1957a, p. 48, 49, pl. 20). They are probably also associated with Witchellia (Zugophorites’) (op. cit., pl. 19, fig. A) Another poorly known S. (Euhoploceras) is ‘S. playfordi’ Arkell (1954, pl. 27; nom dub.) from the Newmarracarra Limestone of Western Australia which was figured in the side view of a single fragment. However, the material did not justify the naming of a new species and the specific characters remain dubious. The Aus- tralian S. (Ewhoploceras) is associated with Pseudotoites, as at Wide Bay, an involute Wvtchellia and abundant Fontannesia, and there- for belongs in the S. sowerbyi Zone. Sonninia (Euhoploceras) closely resembles and is directly an- cestral to S. (Papilliceras) which has similar almost world-wide distribution and indicates the O. sauzer Zone, although in Europe it may appear already in the upper S. sowerbyi Zone. S. (Papilli- ceras) is Characterized by the reduction of costae, the retention or mature re-appearance of medio-lateral spines or nodes, and the strongly compressed whorl section. However, the delimitation from S. (Euhoploceras) has to be based on several characters such as whorl section, umbilical width and ornamentation; where both subgen- era overlap in whorl section, S. (Papilliceras) is distinguished by more evolute whorls and somewhat stronger ornamentation (West- ermann, 1966, text-fig. 6.) Sonninia (Euvhoploceras) bifurcata Westermann, n. sp. Pls. 23-26; Text-figs. 27-31 (?)1957. Sonninia sp. indet., Frebold (Alberta), Geol. Sur. Canada, Mem. 287, p. 48-49, pl. 20, figs. 1-3 [plastercasts studied ]. 1965. Sonninia? n. sp. indet., Imlay (Cook Inlet), U.S. Geol. Sur., Prof. Paper 418-B, p. B33, pl. 4, figs. 5, 6, 10-12 [specimens studied ]. Holotype. — P1. 23, figs. la, b; Text-fig. 30a. Internal mold of phragmocone with one-third whorl of incomplete and deformed body chamber. Repository: USNM 160236. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 95 U (mm) 40 60 80 100 150 10 20 30 40 D (mm) W (mm) Text-fig. 27. — Scatter and growth lines for relative umbilical width (U:D) and whorl section (H:W) of Sonninia (Euhoploceras) bifurcata, n. sp., from the (lower) S. sowerbyi: Zone of Wide Bay; dots and solid lines for phragmo- cones, circles and dashed lines for body chambers. Note the slightly larger umbilical width of the mature whorls (60-80 mm D). Locus typicus. — U.S. Geol. Survey Mesozoic locality 12405, south shore of Wide Bay, Alaska Peninsula. Stratum typicum.—Shales of upper Kialagvik Formation. Age. — Pseudocidoceras zonule of the S. sowerbyi Zone, Bajo- clan. Other occurrences.— O. sauzet Zone of the Cook Inlet re- gion; (°?) S. sowerbyi Zone of Devils Point at Lake Minnewanka in Alberta; (?) S. sowerbyi Zone near Supplee in Oregon. Derivatio nominis.— The costae bifurcate commonly on the inner whorls. Diagnosis. — Large, whorls more or less compressed oval to subrectangular; phragmocone moderately to strongly evolute with lateral bullae and irregularly bifurcating ribs or with irregularly fasciculate ribs, robust on shoulders; body chamber with few strong rectiradiate or somewhat curved simple and bifurcating ribs; simple straight ribs on large body chambers. Material. — Holotype, two phragmocones with incomplete body chamber, four incomplete phragmocones and one fragment from 96 BULLETIN 255 50 100 200 D (mm) U% Text-fig. 28.— Scatters and growth lines for whorl sections of Sonninia (Euhoploceras) bifurcata, n. sp. (for explanation of symbols see Text-fig. 27). The whorls tend to grow continuously more compressed, although this is not necessarily so in every specimen. Right: ‘compression’ (H:W) of mature phragmocone whorls (53-92 mm D) is inversely correlated with relative um- bilical width; this is due to “partial logical correlation” since increasing whorl overlap narrows the umbilicus but increases whorl height. e 40 e os r t ) U% ° 35 30 ae ee eee (0) 20 40 60 80 P Dsp (mm) Text-fig. 29.—Scatters for “ornament” vs. shell shape of Sonninia (Euhoploceras) bifurcata, n. sp. Left: ‘compression’ (H:W) of the adult phrag- mocone is positively correlated with density of primaries (P, number per half- whorl), z.e., the more compressed whorls have weaker primaries and vice versa. Right: Relative umbilical width of the adult phragmocone (U:DX100=U%) appears to be weakly correlated with the diameter of the spinose growth stage (Dsp), 7.e., the more evolute whorls tend to be somewhat more ‘ornate’ (arrows indicating correction of possible error). ALASKAN AMMONITES, PY. II: WESTERMANN 97 USGS 12405 (USNM 160238, 160239, 160241); two phragmocones with incomplete body chambers and two fragments from USGS 19869 (USNM 160240, 160242); several fragments from USGS 19862 and 19870; three moderately preserved specimens from 1-6 m (McM. J 981), one small nucleus from about 16 m (McM. J 990) and one almost complete internal mold from scree (McM. | 975) of WA 10; 12 mostly incomplete or fragmental specimens and several body chamber fragments from WA 13w; four partly de- formed fragments from 3 m, 10 m and 17 m of WA 15. Description. —The nucleus is incompletely known and only visible laterally in the umbilicus of a spinose specimen (McM. J 990). Lateral costae are already present at about three mm dia- meter consisting of irregularly strong fasciculate primaries. Strong bullae-like lateral spines, seven to eight per halfwhorl, are developed at about 16 mm diameter. The few preserved juvenile stages (10-20 mm) have somewhat depressed oval whorls with narrow and low sharp keel which, at least in the internal mold, is accompanied by narrow sulci. The or- nament consists of strong blunt bifurcating costae which extend in full strength up to the sulci, and usually of heavy somewhat bullae- like lateral spines. The adolescent whorls range from subcircular to moderately compressed oval (H/W = 1.1 - 1.5) and from moderately to widely evolute (U = 30-40%). The sulci are usually retained ex- cept for the compressed weakly ornate variants. The spinose vari- ants possess few strong lateral spines on high primaries and usually have some weak blunt intercalated primaries without spines. The major primaries bifurcate or trifurcate at about three-fifths whorl height and some secondaries are intercalated. All secondaries pro- ject somewhat and retain their full strength or swell to form weak bullae on the shoulders; they are abruptly truncated at the sulci. The spinose stage, if present, may be retained to almost the end of the phragmocone. More commonly, at 25-50 mm diameter, the spines become bullae. With further growth, spines or bullae finally weaken and may become obsolete. The nonspinose variants bear blunt bullae often arising from simple fasciculation, and irregular much weaker intercalated ribs; other specimens have only weak ribs with a few stronger ones irregularly intercalated. 98 BULLETIN 255 The last whorl of the phragmocone (80-150 mm D) and the body chamber (120-250 mm D) are moderately compressed ellip- tical to ovate (H/W 1.4 - 1.5) and evolute (U = 36-41%). The body chamber egresses markedly only in the more involute forms resulting in similar body chambers with about 40% umbilical width. The externside of large phragmocones 1s rounded, often flattened, and carries a moderately high narrow keel. Rarely de- veloped shallow sulci are probably restricted to the internal mold. The stronger primaries and lateral bullae of the body cham- ber or the lateral bullae become more regular and continue into one of the secondaries, usually the posterior one, resulting in single long somewhat curved ribs. The remaining weaker second- aries are retained for some time. On most body chambers and also on some large phragmocones, the single long ribs strengthen and become more or less rectiradiate, rarely typically rursiradiate, and somewhat projected on the shoulders, while the secondaries fade. The thin keel is retained. The adult stage almost perfectly re- sembles S. (Ewhoploceras) adicra (Waagen) . As usual in larger Sonniniidae (?), apertures are not pre- served; adulthood is indicated only by several specimens with ap- proximated last two to three septal sutures at 85-140 mm diameter. The septal suture is of moderate complexity and nonsus- pensive. The saddle boundary may even be slightly reclined ven- trally. The saddles decrease gradually in size; the lobes are slender trifid. Discussion. — There is no doubt that all $. (Euhoploceras) from Wide Bay form a single morphological series, their duration was limited, and that they, therefore, belonged to a single palaeo- species. This is evident in the few larger samples from localities USGS 12405 and WA 13w. The latter outcrop includes only a few meters of the total vertical range of 30-50 m. No evolutionary trend is apparent throughout the range; however, the compilation of the section is admittedly inaccurate. Of interest within this supposed single palaeo-species is the morphologic inter-relation (co-variation) of evolute round whorls with strong spinose costae, and of more involute compressed whorls with fine weak ornament (Text-fig. 29). This is in full accord- ance with the “ (Ist) Buckman Law of Co- variation” (Westermann, ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 99 1966) which was first described from the closely related S. (Euho- ploceras) adicra Waagen and which applies to the great majority, if not to all, known species of ornate ammonites. Comparison. —'Two incomplete specimens of this species were recently described as ‘Sonninia? n. sp. indet.’ by Imlay (1964, p- B33, pl. 4, figs. 5, 6, 10-12), respectively from the Tuxedni Forma- tion in the Talkeetna Mountains and from the Red Glacier Forma- tion on the Iniskin Peninsula, both in the Cook Inlet region of southeastern Alaska. Significantly, the former occurrence belongs possibly and the latter probably in the O. sauzei Zone. Probably identical with this species or closely affiliated are the three poorly preserved specimens from Devils Point at Lake Minnewanka, Alberta, which were briefly described and figured by Frebold (1957a, pl. 20, figs. 1-3) as Sonninia sp. indet. Although only 80-90 mm in diameter and probably incomplete or immature, they show a similar variety of ornament and apparently also of coiling and whorl section. Also from Devils Point are the poorly preserved type speci- mens of ‘Schloenbachia’ gracilis Whiteaves which was redescribed under Sonninia gracilis and said to be related to S. adicra by Frebold (iobi7a;p. 48, pl. 19) fic. 1) > The two plastotypes, kindly furnished by the Geological Survey of Canada, are distinguished by the much more evolute whorls and the regular simple straight ribs with high-set nodes or spines on at least the last three whorls. S. gracilis belongs either to S. (Euhoploceras) or to the new Alaskan sub- genus S. (Alaskoceras) described below. A related form is the poorly known ‘Stiphromorphites schu- chert’ Crickmay (1933, pl. 28; nom dub.) from Mount Jura in northern California which was based on a single poorly preserved specimen not available for restudy. This specimen appears to dif- fer from S. bifurcata in the shorter secondaries which die out gradually Jeaving a broad smooth band beside the keel. The large S. (Euhoploceras) from Supplee in east-central Ore- gon are too poorly preserved to allow specific identification but they resemble the Alaskan species more closely than any other known species. The most closely related named but poorly known species is probably S. playfordi Arkell (1954) from the Perth area of West- 100 BULLETIN 255 >» y \ (" v distorted b a Text-fig. 30 a-b.—Cross-sections of Sonninia (Euhoploceras) bifurcata, n. sp., X 1. a. Holotype, body chamber somewhat distorted. b. Complete phrag- mocone of compressed and weakly ornate variant, loc. USGS 12405 (USNM 160239). ern Australia, because it is said to differ from S. adicra chiefly in the secondaries which are more robust on the shoulder. How- ever, the costae of this form are much more densely spaced than in S. bifurcata consisting chiefly of simple primaries. S. bifurcata is distinguished from S$. adicra Waagen (and its many synonyms; Westermann, 1966) in the stronger secondaries especially on the shoulder of spinose variants and in the generally more distant primaries with stronger developed and longer re- tained bifurcation. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 10] a = = = = - SS SS - 3163 ~= Pin Measurements. — Text-fig. 31.— Cross-section of Sonn- inia (Euhoploceras) bifurcata, n. sp., frag- ment of large body chamber, left side reconstructed, loc. WA 13w (McM J] 1048); x 1. Dmm W% H% U% H/W 12 Dsp*mm holotype (body ch.) (phragm.) USNM 160239 (phragm.) USNM 160241 (body ch.) (phragm.) USNM 160238 (phragm.) USNM 160240 (body ch.) (phragm.) USNM 160242 (body ch.) (phragm.) McM J 975 (body ch.) (phragm. ) McM J 981 (phragm. ) ” bb) 106 38 38 O75 38 1385 728) F==60 24 36 ie Ne 0 = 40 = = = 25 37 145 10+ 0 28 38.5 M30 Cue bi 25m At ES “ Zee soi 1.43 7.5 30-45 c.22 — (c.1.55) — —_ 26 40 1% 8 45 25 35 1.45 8 =25 2 41 1,5) 12°5 70 27 38 143 — — 2 (68) 1.43 8 — *Dsp — diameter of the spinose stage. 102 BULLETIN 255 Sonninia (Euhoploceras?) sp. indet. 1A A, ones, Al Material. —One internal mold with test remains of one-third whorl phragmocone with remnants of inner whorl and one crushed internal mold of two-fifths whorl body chamber, probably with aperture, from WA 8, upper part (McM. J 959a, b). Upper E. amplectens zonule of the basal S. sowerbyi Zone, Kialagvik Forma- tion, Wide Bay. Description. —'The phragmocone of approximately 70 mm dia- meter is moderately evolute with compressed subrectangular sec- tion and a thin low hollow-floored keel. The costation is extremely weak, blunt, irregular, and restricted to the sides consisting of broad straight or somewhat curved swellings which fade on the rounded umbilical margin and the shoulder. The septal suture is highly complex and nonsuspensive with straight umbilical elements. The body chamber of approximately 95 mm diameter is evo- lute, smooth, and probably compressed elliptical to subrectangu- lar in section with faintly keeled venter. Measurements. — Dmm W% H% U% J 959a (phragm.) c.70 c.28.5 c.39 (c.26) Subgenus SONNINIA (ALASKOCERAS) Westermann, n. subgen. Type species. — S. alaskensis Westermann, n. sp. Diagnosis. — An advolute medium-sized subgenus of Sonninia with inverse-trapezoidal whorl-section (diverging flanks) ; _ pri- maries blunt and rursiradiate with regular prominent ventro- lateral spines retained on body chamber; secondaries obsolete. Age. —S. sowerbyi and O. sauzei Zones, Bajocian. Distribution. — Southern Alaska (-+?? Alberta) . Affinities. —S. (Alaskoceras) shows close affinities to the spin- ose and widely umbilicate variants of the European S. (Euhoplo- ceras) adicra (Waagen) (cf. Westermann, 1966), such as to the specimen figured by Oechsle [1958, pl. 15, fig. 3; as S. polyacantha crassiformis (Buckman) ] from the Swabian Jura. Both subgenera have evolute whorls and a small hollow-floored keel set on a weakly rounded, sometimes slightly bisulcate venter, simple long, often rursiradiate primaries with terminal spines which may be molded ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 103 in the subsequent umbilical slope, and reduced secondaries. S. (Alaskoceras) is distinguished by the inverse-trapezoidal rather than subquadrate whorl section, with diverging gently convex flanks, and the stronger more regular and more ventrad spines which are set on blunt, often almost obsolete, strongly rursiradiate costae. There is little resemblance between S. (Alaskoceras) alaskensis, n. sp. and the often associated S$. (Euhoploceras) bifurcata, n. sp. during any morphogenetic stage. Some resemblance exists to Zurcheria Douville which may have nodes or small thorns developed on the shoulders, such as in Z. parvispinata Buckman and Z. inconstans Buckman from the L. discites Subzone of Dorset, and (?) Z. pertinax (Vacek) from the Alps. However, in Zurcheria the spines or tubercles are weak, a keel is absent or obsolete, and the whorls are less evolute and more compressed. Another sonniniid with ventro-lateral nodes is Haplopleuro- ceras Buckman which also agrees in the advolute coiling. It is clearly distinct from S. (Alaskoceras) in the subquadrate whorls, the sharp strong prosoradiate costae, the presence of a second line of lateral nodes (with the apparent exception of H. tobleri Renz) and of single secondaries, and in the blunt probably solid keel. Sonninia (Alaskoceras) alaskensis Westermann, n. sp. _ PI. 27, figs. 2-7, Text-figs. 32-33 21964. Sonninia cf. S. nodata Buckman, Imlay (Cook Inlet), U.S. Geol. Sur., Prof. Pap. 418-B, p. B33, pl. 2, figs. 1, 2 [Specimen seen; = ? n. subsp. ] Holotype. — P1\. 27, fig. 3a-c; Text-figs. 32a, 33a. Internal mold with test remains of complete phragmocone and distorted frag- ments of body chamber. Repository: McM. J 1021. Locus typicus.— Locality WA 10 (scree), south shore of Wide Bay, Alaska Peninsula. Stratum typicum. — Pseudocodoceras zonule of upper Kialag- vik Formation. Age.— (Lower) S. sowerbyi Zone (-+? O. sauzei Zone; ? n. sub- sp.) , Bajocian. Distribution. — S. sowerbyi Zone at Wide Bay; ? also O. sauzet Zone of Talkeetna Mountains, Cook Inlet region. Derivatio nominis. — Self-evident. Diagnosis. — As for subgenus. 104 BULLETIN 255 Text-fig. 32 a-b.—Cross-sections of Sonninia (Alaskoceras) alaskensis, n. subgen., n. sp.; & 1. a. Composite: phragmocone of holotype, body chamber from loc. WA 13w (McM J 1023), both Pseudocidoceras zonule. b. Part of phragmocone at 46 mm D, loc. WA 15 (McM J 1027; cf. pl. 27, fig. 7). Note the hollow-floored ventro-lateral spines up to more than 11 mm in length which were developed from the matrix. Material. — The holotype, one almost complete specimen with body chamber, and two ae specimens from scree of WA 10 (McM. J 1021 a); one large phragmocone from the basal 10 m of WA 10; one phragmocone fragment from scree of WA 13; two poorly preserved incomplete specimens from WA 13w (McM. J 1023) ; two almost complete specimens and one phragmocone from 3m (McM. J 1027), 23 m and scree of WA 15; two almost com- plete specimens and one damaged phragmocone from USGS 12405. Pseudocidoceras zonule and subjacent (?) shales, Kialagvik For- mation, southeast shore of Wide Bay. Description. — The juvenile whorls (6-10 mm D; McM. J] 1021 a) are depressed elliptical in section and moderately evolute (U = 30%). During the next one to two whorls (15-20 mm D), ALASKAN AMMONITES, PY. II]: WESTERMANN 105 ~ Text-fig. 33 a-b.— Septal sutures of Sonninia (Alaskoceras) alaskensis, n. subgen., n. sp., enlarged. a. Holotype at 17 mm H, 50 mm D, approximated at one-sixth whorl before phragmocone end and probably ‘senile’. b. Specimen at 18 mm H, loc. A 13 (McM J 1029). the whorl section becomes inverse-trapezoidal by flattening and diverging of the flanks and by flattening of the broad venter, and the coiling becomes much more evolute (U = 40-42%). The ex- ternside may be slightly bisulcate and carries a small hollow-floored keel. The ornament commences at two to three mm diameter with heavy somewhat fasciculate and probably partly nodose primaries. At about five mm diameter, heavy foldlike rectiradiate costae (five to seven per halfwhorl) develop which terminate on the shoulders of the internal mold in thick knobs marking the base of the prom- inent hollow-floored spines of the shell. Beyond 10 mm diameter, blunt strongly projected secondaries, about two for each primary, are present beside the venter and the primaries become blunter and rursiradiate. Weaker primaries without spines, which are so common in S. (Euhoploceras), are missing or rare. Throughout the adolescent and mature growth stages, the whorls are advolute, “riding” with only about 10% overlap on the shoulders of the preceding whorl, so that the spines may be molded into the subsequent shallow umbilical slope. The diverging flank is only weakly convex from the umbilical seam to the shoulder and may become almost smooth on the inner half. Blunt rursiradiate primaries arise mid-laterally and strengthen only slightly toward 106 BULLETIN 255 the shoulders. The internal molds have large (up to 6 mm in dia- meter) knobs on the shoulders which in test preservation carry ventrad inclined, extremely strong, hollow-floored spines, eight to nine per halfwhorl. The longest spines measure 11 mm in pre- served length which is as much as the corresponding whorl height and width. The venter of the internal mold is usually weakly bi- sulcate and smooth, while the shell is here flat, with or without shallow sulci, or weakly convex carrying a narrow and low hollow- floored keel. The floors of spines and keel are retained up to and including the first one-fourth whorl of the body chamber. At the end of the phragmocone, the whorl-section may become subquad- ratic, as in the holotype. On the last whorl of the phragmocone, weak intercalated primaries without spines and densely spaced blunt and strongly projected secondaries are often present. The body chamber, probably three-fifths to three-fourths whorls in length, is advolute (U = 50°) and, therefore, often exfoliated during fossilization. The flanks remain flattish and divergent but the venter becomes moderately convex. The thin weak keel and the prominent spines are retained to the aperture. The primaries are even more reduced and often become obsolete. Superficially, fine growth lines or lirae may now be present on the flanks. Blunt secondaries are usually developed and can be seen weakly also on the internal mold. The form of the peristome is unknown but it was probably simple according to the almost straight growth lines towards the end of the body chamber. The septum shows an almost cruciform fluting pattern which is in accordance with the advolute, about as high as broad whorls. This is simply a modified plano-disculate type, similar to the pat- tern observed in the Alaskan S. (Euhoploceras) and Witchellia. The septal suture (Text-fig. 33a-b) resembles closely those of the evolute round-whorled Sonninia pinguis (Roemer) and S. bowert (Buckman) as recently figured by Schindewolf (1964, text- figs. 193-197) except for the more reduced internal and umbilical elements of S. alaskenis; only three full umbilical lobes are de- veloped while there are normally four or five in typical Sonninia, this reduction of umbilical elements being interpreted as the re- sult of advolute coiling. As in other sonniniids, the internally locat- ed U, is asymmetrically trifid to almost bifid; U,; and Us, the ex- ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. I]: WESTERMANN 107 ternal counter-part, are unusually narrow and deep; also U. and L may be asymmetrical tending to be bifid. The complexity is low even considering the relatively small size of these probable macro- conchs (females) . Affinities. — The affinities to other well-known sonniniids have already been discussed under the subgeneric heading; the closest known relative of S. alaskensis is probably among S. (Euhoploceras), such as the European S. adicra (Waagen) . Sonninia gracilis (Whit- eaves) from the Alberta foothills is distinguished by the more evolute whorls with stiffer and more regular costae, and it appears that at least the inner whorls had tubercles high on the flanks or shoulders, that the venter of the phragmocone was weakly bisul- cate and the whorl section subrectangular to subsquare. S. gracilis thus seems intermediate between S. (Ewhoploceras) and S. (Alasko- ceras), but probably closer to the former, particularly resembling evolute variants of S. (E.) adicra as figured by Oechsle (1958, pl. 15, fie): Of particular interest is the single specimen recently de- scribed as Sonninia cf. S. nodata Buckman by Imlay (1964, p. B33, pl. 2, fig. 1, 2) from the O. sauzet Zone of the Talkeetna Moun- tains of southeastern Alaska. Although certainly a close ally of S. alaskensis, it is distinguished in the regularly present relatively strong and projected minor costae between the widely spaced spine- bearing primaries. In the absence of a larger sample, the classifica- tion of this form as either a new chrono-subspecies or closely re- lated species of S. (A.) alaskensis is left open. It is improbable that this is an extremely ornate variant of S. alaskensis. Measurements. — Dm W% H% U% P(spines) Holotype (phragm.) 58 28.5 33 45 9 z 42 31 32 47.5 8.5 % 29 33 34.5 41.5 9 He 20 37/5) SI7/65) 40 c.8 J 1021 a (phragm.) 30 35 34.5 42 7 2 17.5 37 37 42 735) 2 11 39 37 34 7 2 6 43 35 30 6.5 J 1023 (body ch.) 88 23 2G 50) a3 J 1027 (body ch.) = 90 — — — (phragm.) 60 29 30 50 8.5 108 BULLETIN 255 Genus WITCHELLIA Buckman, 1889 Type species.—Ammonites laeviusculus ]. de C. Sowerby, 1824. The genus was named (Buckman, 1889, Inferior Oolite Am- monites, p. 82, footnote 1) for sonniniids with “slight carina [hol- low-floored keel] bordered by two furrows which are not seen on the test.” Also originally included in Witchellia were ‘Am.’ sutneri Branco, ‘Am.’ jugifer Waagen, and ‘Am.’ deltafalcatus Quenstedt. A few years later, Haug (1893) placed W. sutnert, W. lae- viuscula, and W. punctatissima Haug in a single Witchellia species group. He, however, also included in JWitchellia the younger species groups of Am. romani Oppel and of Am. edouardianus d’Orbigny which Buckman had just separated under Dorsetensia, as well as his group of IV. saynt Haug which Buckman split into various other ‘genera.’ The ensuing confusion has at length been discussed by P. Dorn (1935, p. 93), Spath (1936, p. 5), Hiltermann (1939, p. 24), and Oechsle (1958, p. 77) and need not be brought up again. The last two authors concluded that Witchellia cannot reasonably be separated from Sonninia. The distinction of Dorset- ensia from Witchellia is similarly difficult and probably arbitrary. In the Treatise, Arkell, et al. (1957, p. L 270) upheld again the genus Witchellia with the diagnosis: “Inclined to be involute compressed, whorls heightening and smoothing early, long before septation ceases; venter narrow, tabulate and carinate, commonly bisulcate, even tricarinate, or becoming fastigate; nucleus as in Sonninia”’; included in the synonymy were Zugophorites, Sonnin- ites, Gelasinites, Dundryites, Rubrileiites, Anolkoleites, and Zu- gella, all of Buckman, 1922-27 (see below) . Lectotype of the type species.—The author examined the lectotype of VW. laeviuscula (J. de C. Sowerby, 1824, pl. 451, fig. 1; refigured: Buckman, 1908, pl. 5, fig. 1; Arkell, 1956, pl. 34, fig. 1) in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) (cat. No. 439 50 a). On request by the author, H. K. Howarth developed the left umbilicus and the specimen is, therefore, figured again (Text-fig. 35). Sowerby’s small ‘topotypes’ from Dundry, Somerset, are all nuclei or immature specimens and probably belong to the Hildo- ceradidae, such as Esericeras, and Hammatoceratidae of the Upper Toarcian and Lower Aalenian. The paratype is described below. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II]: WESTERMANN 109 The lectotype, 68 mm in diameter, is completely septate and largely preserved with test. Another one-quarter septate whorl is preserved near the umbilicus which, according to the egressing um- bilical seam, represents the end of the adult phragmocone. At 68 mm D, the whorl height is 33 mm, the whorl width 19.5 mm, and the umbilical width 12 mm. There are seven primaries and 23 secondaries on the ultimate one-half whorl. The inner whorls (< 45 mm D) are much more evolute. The flanks of the nucleus (20-25 mm D) slope gently to the umbilical seam but curve more strongly on the intermediate whorls reaching the seam _ perpen- dicularly. At the beginning of the ultimate whorl, the flanks con- verge gently, curving somewhat more strongly besides the keel with- out forming marked shoulders. The internal mold is closely sim1- lar. Subsequently, however, the coiling becomes more involute; the umbilical margin, the steep slope, and the marked but weak shoul- ders and sloping narrow ventral bands of the adult shell develop; the keel is now strong, high, and hollow-floored. The internal mold is typically tabulate-unicarinate with moderately sharp shoulders and a low blunt keel; however, sulci are absent. The costation of the inner evolute whorls, as seen in the de- veloped umbilicus, is irregular, partly fasciculate, bearing small bullae of different strength. The ultimate phragmocone whorl has distant blunt, slightly to markedly falcoid principal ribs which are composed of short prosoradiate primaries curving into single rela- tively strong secondaries. The greatest, although modest, strength is reached on the middle of the flanks. Other much weaker secondaries arise at first by fasciculation and later by furcation and intercala- tion. All ribs project strongly and die out a short distance from the keel. The septal suture is partly preserved. The E/L and L/U, saddles are of similar size and weakly frilled, L is moderately wide and symmetrically trifid with rather thin long stems. The um- bilical lobes are nonsuspensive. Other specimens of the type species.—The paratype of W. laeviuscula (J. de C. Sowerby, 1924, pl. 451, fig. 2; Buckman, 1908, pl. 14, fig. 2) came also from Dundry in Somerset. This small (22.5 mm D) evolute specimen of which the ultimate egressing one-third whorl appears to belong to the adult body chamber, may 110 BULLETIN 255 be a microconch. However, there is hardly any way of comparing this specimen with the much larger lectotype except for the inner flanks of the inner whorls exposed in the umbilicus. While the lectotype is deeply umbilicate and tuberculate at comparative size, the paratype is strongly compressed and has only weak fasciculate costae. The paratype becomes tabulate (but not sulcate) only on the body chamber and has a sharp thin keel. Significantly, Buckman placed in IW. laeviuscula also more evo- lute and typically tabulate to bisulcate large sonniniids. However, these specimens came mostly from Oborne in Dorset. One of these specimens (Buckman; Type Ammonites, pl. 745) which was refig- ured in the Treatise (Arkell, et al., 1957, p. L 269) closely resembles the lectotype except that the venter of the internal mold is mark- edly bisulcate. My study of unfigured specimens in the Buckman collection (Geological Survey Museum, London, U.K.) indicates that there is an intergrading morphological sequence from bisul- cate to tabulate internal molds and that, consequently, the lecto- type is a marginal variant of a single, usually more or less strongly bicarinate species. This might already have been recognized by Buckman (1920, Type Ammonites, pl. 168) as suggested by his in- valid determination of JV. spinifera as substitute “genolectotype.” IW. spinifera, here placed in synonymy with W. laeviuscula, is based on an almost complete, relatively small, and markedly bisulcate specimen which appears to be close to the mean of the species variation. Buckman’s collection also suggests that there is continuous variation from the involute W. laeviuscula morphotype to the more evolute and, as usual, stronger ornate forms. Thus, W. platymorpha Buckman (1926) is considered another variant of W. laeviuscula; the venter of the internal mold is bisulcate-tricarinate on the phrag- mocone and strongly tabulate on the body chamber. At about 70 mm diameter, the umbilicus suddenly narrows from 28% to 22-24% so that the adult specimen resembles the lectotype in this respect. Yet the inner whorls match |W. sutnert (Branco) with which the specimen had originally been identified by Buckman. Witchellia sutneri (Branco).—The author has searched for the holotype which appears to be lost. W. sutneri (Branco, 1879, pl. 5, fig. 2; reproduced here in Text-fig. 34) came from the S. ALASKAN AMMONITES, Pr. Il: WESTERMANN 11] 35 Text-fig. 34.— Holotype of Witchellia sutneri (Branco), reproduction of original figure (Branco, 1879, pl. 5, figs. 2 a-c, 5a), St. Quentin, Lorrain; ap- PLO le Text-fig. 35.— Lectotype of Witchellia laeviuscula (J. de C. Sowerby), left umbilicus newly developed, Inferior Oolite, Dundry, Somerset. Note irregu- lar fasciculate costae and lateral tubercles of nucleus visible in umbilicus ; «x 1. Ln? BULLETIN 255 sowerbyi or O. sauzei Zone of St. Quentin near Metz in Lorraine, France, and was amply described. Branco listed the following mea- surements: estimated complete diameter 100 mm, preserved dia- meter 61 mm, whorl height 27 mm, whorl width 17.5 mm, umbilical width 18.5 mm. The whorl section is less compressed than shown in the figures and is said to be square except for the ultimate half- whorl, with steep umbilical wall grading into flat sides and_bi- sulcate (bisculcate-tricarinate in drawing) venter beyond 20 mm diameter. The costae are said to originate simply or in pairs from small nodes near the umbilicus. The simple septal suture was figured with short Us, as in Sonninia sowerbyi. According to Branco, the inner whorls resemble S. gingensis (Waagen) [? a synonym of S. corrugata (Sowerby) ] and the penultimate whorl S. adicra (Waagen). According to the drawing, the ultimate halfwhorl of the holotype has seven bullae-like primaries and 22 strongly pro- jected secondaries. At least toward the end, the primaries continue into one of the secondaries which are, therefore, of uneven strength. The missing last whorl was apparently evolute, accord- ing to the slightly egressing umbilical seam. The study of Buckman’s collection of evolute Witchellia from Oborne in Dorset suggested to me strongly that all alleged species are members of a single intergrading morphological sequence and conspecific with W. sutnert (Branco). W. falcata Buckman and WW. actinophora Buckman, 1926, had originally been so identified by Buckman (1889), and W. glauca Buckman (1925) was distin- guished because of the presence of irregular nodes only. Species group, plexus or superspecies W. laeviuscula - W. sut- neri. — Finally even the separation of the involute W. laeviuscula- type forms from the largely contemporary, more evolute W. sutneri- type forms could be purely arbitrary. In 1893 Haug (p. 303) spoke of the total morphological intergradation in the Elsassian occur- rence, and the material from the W. laeviuscula Subzone (upper S. sowerbyi Zone) of Frogden Quarry near Oborne in Dorset appears to support this opinion. However, the evidence is still incomplete particularly because most specimens consist only of phragmocones and vary greatly in size, their exact morphogenetic stage and the apertures being unknown. The similar size range of the involute and more evolute forms speaks against their interpretation as cor- responding sexual dimorphs. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 113 If this mainly northwestern European (England, France) Witchellia ‘species group’ is arranged into a morphological se- quence, it becomes obvious that coiling, whorl section, and costation co-vary, l.e. ranging from involute, finely ornate, and tabulate to evolute, coarsely ornate, and bisulcate forms (Text-fig. 39). This sequence of alleged ‘species’ is: W. patefactor Buckman, 1923 W. laeviuscula (J. de C. Sowerby) 1824 W. spinifera Buckman, 1920 W. platymorpha Buckman, 1925 W. actinophora Buckman, 1926 W. glauca Buckman, 1925 W. falcata Buckman, 1926 W. sutnert (Branco) 1879 It appears advisable for the time being to distinguish the two species W. laeviuscula and W. sutneri and to regard the other names as synonyms by arbitrary central division of this morphocline between ‘W. platymorpha’ and ‘W. actinophora’. The W. laeviuscula - W. sutneri species group, plexus or super- species was abundantly known from southern England and eastern France where it marks the upper S. sowerby: Zone, 1.e. the W. laeviuscula Subzone. W. sutneroides, n. sp. from southern Alaska is also a member of this ‘plexus.’ Older Witchellias.— ‘The first witchellias occur in the middle S. sowerbyi Zone, the S. trigonalis Subzone, of southern England and were named Zugophorites zugophorus Buckman (1922) and Gelasinites gelasinus Buckman (1925). These generic names are certainly synonymous with Witchellia and both forms may well be conspecific. There is a possibility that they are conspecific with W. sayni Haug (1893, p. 309; for Ludwigia corrugata Douville, non Sowerby) from eastern France. Zugophorites [syn.: Gelasi- mites] is at best a subgenus of the slightly younger Witchellia de- scribed above from which it is distinguished by the wider um- bilicus and the more regular costae without bullae-like inflated primaries. W. (‘Zugophorites’) was probably directly ancestral of the closely related and only slightly younger W. laeviuscula - W. sutnert ‘plexus.’ Related genera.—Similar taxonomic problems as _ discussed 114 BULLETIN 255 above arise on the generic level. Many authors working on this group have concluded that there are no distinct morphological limits between Wietchellia and Sonninia on the one hand and be- tween Witchellia and Dorsetensia on the other. The inclusion in Witchellia of several moderately involute, more or less discoidal, and fastigate to weakly tabulate genera mainly from the O. sauze: Zone, such as in the Treatise (Arkell, et al., 1957, p. L 270), probably does not reflect phyletic relation- ship. These forms miss the bisulcate or at least clearly tabulate- unicarinate venter of Witchellia and have the sharp umbilical mar- gin and often the simple costation of Dorsetensia. It appears totally arbitrary to place the tabulate-unicarinate ‘Hyalinites’ Buckman (1924) in Dorsetensia but the similar ‘Dundryites’ Buckman (1926) in Witchellia simply because the latter is slightly more involute. The discoidal ‘Rubrileiites’ Buckman (1926) can hardly be dis- tinguished from Dorsetensia of the D. tecta-subtecta group. How- ever, ‘Rubrileiites’ and ‘Dundryites’ bear the irregular primaries of Witchellia. ‘Anolkolettes’ Buckman (1926) is an extremely invol- ute and compressed form of this same group. Sonninites Buckman (1923) is based on a large phragmocone of the compressed, moderately involute, almost fastigate and smooth S. felix Buckman which has a sharp umbilical margin; the inner whorls (“paratype”) are keeled without tabulation and almost evenly and simply costate, except for the nucleus of 20 mm dia- meter which shows fasciculation as in Witchellia and Sonninia; S. simulans Buckman has irregular nodes on the nucleus; however, S. celans Buckman is a typical oxycone. It appears advisable, there- fore, to retain Sonninites as a subgenus (or ? genus) for this inter- mediary group which possesses adolescent and adult characters most similar to Dorsetensia but retains the juvenile whorls of Witchellia (? and Sonninia or Sonninia). Fissilobiceras Buckman (1919) is distinguished by greater inflation and the complex septal suture. The intricate relationship of Witchellia with typical Sonninia concerning especially the W. laeviuscula-W. sutneri ‘plexus’ was noted especially by Hiltermann (1939, p. 125) and supported by Oechsle (1958, p. 77). There is no single diagnostic feature separat- ing them. ‘Typical’ Witchellia costation occurs in Sonninia corru- gata (Sowerby), S. alsatica Haug, and other species of Sonninia. ALASKAN AMMONITES, Pr. II: WESTERMANN 115 While many Sonninia species become smooth, costation may persist onto large body chambers in Witchellia such as in the Alaskan species described herein; strong infraspecific variation in the dia- meter of the costate stage is often apparent. Even the bisulcate venter of Witchellia may be present at least on the inner whorls of Sonninia. Dimorphism. —'The described Witchellia laeviuscula - W. sut- nert ‘plexus’ is apparently totally macroconchiate (female), with the possible exception of ‘W. glauca’ Buckman which is fully grown at 75 mm diameter and may be identical with ‘Spatulites’ spatians Buckman, a microconch of 59 mm diameter bearing prominent lappets. The corresponding microconchs (males) to ‘typical’ Witchellia were described under the generic names of Pelekodites, Nannoceras (?) Buckman, 1923, and especially under Maceratites and Spatu- lites, Buckman, 1928, from the stratotype and type locality of W. laeviuscula. All were combined into the single genus Pelekodites in the Treatise (Arkell, et al., 1957, p. L 270) which includes most lappet bearing sonniniid microconchs. The type species of Pelekodites, P. pelekus Buckman, 1923, is from the S. trigonalis Subzone (middle S. sowerbyi Zone) of Dun- dry, Somerset. It is a small, moderately evolute microconch with slightly depressed whorl section, weak only slightly fasciculate rur- siradiate costae, and lappets, and it appears to match the inner whorls of the macroconchiate W. (‘Zugophorites’) from the same subzone. ‘Nannoceras nannomorphum’ Buckman, 1923, is probably a somewhat stronger ornate variant of P. pelekus. ‘Spatulites’ Buck- man, 1928, with the only species S. spatians Buckman, 1928, and the almost identical ‘Maceratites’ Buckman, 1928, with the only species M. aurifer Buckman, 1928, came also from the W. laeviuscula Subzone of Dundry. They are more compressed and more strongly costate than Pelekodites, with irregular fasciculation and some bul- lae. There is close correspondence to the associated macroconchiate Witchellia laeviuscula - W. sutneri ‘plexus.’ ‘Spatulites’ and ‘Macera- tites’ are certainly not distinct even on the subgeneric level and both type species may be conspecific; ‘Spatulites’ spatians has page priority. ee If Zugophorites [syn.: Gelasinites] is distinguished as subgenus of Witchellia, it may be advisable to classify the possibly correspond- 116 BULLETIN 255 ing respective microconchs Pelekodites and Spatulites at the same level and to place all three in Witchellia. However, microconchs and inner whorls of macroconchs are in need of reinvestigation and the specific dimorphic correspondences, especially of typical Pelekodites, are still poorly known. If one places Sonninia and Witchellia in a single genus, as a number of colleagues prefer, Pele- kodites (s.l.) is also to be included in Sonninia as a subgenus. With little new evidence available it appears advisable for the time being to adhere to the classification of the Treatise and to retain Pele- kodites as a genus; however, Spatulites is tentatively distinguished as a subgenus. Witchellia sutneroides Westermann, Nn. sp. Pls. 28-31; Text-figs. 36-38, 40-41 Holotype. — Pl. 28, figs. la-c; Text-fig. 36a; well-preserved (? incomplete) phragmocone, internal mold with part of shell. Re- pository: USNM 160243. Locus typicum.— U.S. Geol. Survey Mesozoic locality 21251, southeastern shore of Wide Bay, Alaska Peninsula. Stratum typicum. — Pseudocidoceras zonule, supposedly about 160 m below top of Kialagvik Formation. Derivatio nominis.— Resembling W. sutneri (Branco) . Age. — Middle to upper S. sowerbyi Zone, Bajocian. Diagnosis. — A large evolute species of Witchellia, typically bi- sulcate-tricarinate, usually throughout strongly costate including shoulders and lateral carinae; simple ribs on outer one to two whorls. Material. — The holotype and two phragmocones with body chamber fragments from USGS 21251 (USNM 160249, 160248) ; two complete phragmocones, one with fragment of body chamber from USGS 12405 (USNM 160244, 160247); fragmental body chamber from USGS 19869; one complete juvenile specimen from USGS 19922; one phragmocone fragment and one body chamber fragment with test from WA 10 at 14-15.5 m (McM J 949); one (?) deformed body chamber fragment from WA II at 19 m (McM J 945); fragments of single large phragmocone with incomplete body chamber from WA I1 at 22 m (McM J 948) ; one large body chamber fragment from WA 13, scree (McM | 950); one (?) ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II]: WESTERMANN 117 a Text-fig. 36 a-b.— Cross-sections of Witchellia sutneroides, n. sp.; X 1. a. Holotype, phragmocone with septal face (lobe axes shaded, saddle axes indicated by dashed lines). Note tricarinate internal mold and high hollow- floored keel. b. Fragment of large body chamber, loc. WA 13 (McM J 950). immature specimen with incomplete body chamber from WA 13 at 9m (McM J 947); one deformed phragmocone with incomplete body chamber from WA 13W, scree (McM J 946). All specimens are well-preserved internal molds, some with parts of the shell, from the (upper) Pseuwdocidoceras zonule of the S. sowerbyi Zone, Kialagvik Formation, Wide Bay. Description. — The nucleus can only be seen on the holotype; the second whorl, at a diameter of about 2 mm, bears blunt lateral nodes or bullae. At 3-4 mm diameter, the moderately evolute whorls are depressed oval in section with a blunt low keel bordered by weak sulci. There are eight primaries on this whorl which ter- minate on the middle of the flanks in rounded nodes; secondaries are missing. Subsequently, the strong costation becomes highly ir- regular, fasciculate in groups of two to four, and single ribs swell to bullae-like primaries. The number of bullae and fasciculations increases at about 30 mm diameter from four to five to seven to nine per halfwhorl. However, bullae are not developed in the more involute and stronger compressed variants which have 9-14 irregu- lar blunt ribs per halfwhorl. 118 BULLETIN 255 SS pes ~~ OXON WS QQ Text-fig. 37 a-c.— Cross-sections and septal sutures of Witchellia sut- neroides, N. sp., X 1. a. Compressed variant, part of phragmocone with septal surface (see Text-fig. 36 a), loc. USGS 12405. b. Part of phragmocone and body chamber of average specimens, loc. USGS 21251 (USNM 160249). c. Septal sutures at 18 mm H, 42 mm D (above) and at 32 mm H (solid line: same specimen as in 37b, dotted line: loc. WA 11 (McM J 948). At 20 mm diameter, the whorl section of the holotype becomes subsquare and finally moderately compressed subrectangular. The slightly converging whorl sides flatten out, rounding into the low steep umbilical wall and into the broad venter which is usually bisulcate-tricarinate. The keel of the shell is high and _ bladelike but reduced resembling the carinae on the internal mold, while the sulci are somewhat shallower than on the internal mold. The evolute, less ornate forms become more compressed and almost \ 1 ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 119 Text-fig. 38.— Cross-section of Witch- ellia sutneroides, n. sp., largest phragmo- cone with apparent shell duplication (cf. Pl. 31), loc. USGS 21251 in the Pseudo- cidoceras zonule (USNM 160248); x 1. 120 BULLETIN 255 16) 20 40 60 80 100 120 D (mm) Text-fig. 39.— Scatter with growth lines for relative umbilical width (U:D) of the Witchellia laeviuscula-sutneri group, W. laeviuscula Subzone of England, and of ‘Gelasinites’ gelasinus Buckman, S. trigonalis Subzone of England. Note the subcontinuous distribution from 21 to 34% U_ throughout the mature whorls of the phragmocone (dots and solid lines). A more or less arbitrary division at about 29% U separates the W. laeviuscula ‘plexus’ from the W. sutneri ‘plexus’. ovate in whorl section with narrower venter and weaker developed sulci. At 35-50 mm diameter, the costation becomes bifurcate or, more rarely, trifurcate after extension of the lower-lateral bullae into rectiradiate or somewhat prosoradiate primaries. The pri- maries, 8-13 per halfwhorl, reach their maximum elevation at about two-thirds whorl height and usually continue straight or slightly rursiradiate into one of the swollen secondaries. The secondaries, 18-25 per halfwhorl, project strongly on the rounded shoulders and reach the outer carinae in full strength. In the more compressed and more involute forms, there are mostly somewhat irregular blunt much weaker ribs. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 12] 50 45 40 Zi iS 35 we 30% U 30 25 U (mm) 20 te) 20 40 60 80 100 120 D (mm) Text-fig. 40.— Scatter with growth lines for relative umbilical width (U:D) of Witchellia sutneroides, n. sp., holotype (H) and catalogue or locality numbers of other specimens indicated, all from the Pseudocidoceras zonule of Wide Bay. Note that the mature phragmocone (dots and solid lines) varies from 26 to 38% U, resembling the W. sutneri ‘plexus’ and ‘Gelasinites’ (Text-fig. 39). At 80-100 mm diameter, the principal ribs become more nu- merous by continuation of the primaries into single strengthened secondaries while the others become reduced. The last whorl of large shells bears strong, mostly simple, rectiradiate, projected to somewhat rursiradiate costae, resembling large Euhoploceras. This strong ornament is usually retained up to the end of the body chamber, with the exception of the more involute and compressed variant where it becomes obsolete. All body chambers retain the striking bisulcate-tricarinate venter. 122 BULLETIN 255 —- 13 e \2 I @ 9) (path.) A 10 A oO . = @ 3 9 a = A a 8 fe) eo °® oO 7 Oo (a) OD mm: 6 © 25-40 ro) © 40-60 5+- 60-end phragm. 6 e 25; 26 27 28 -29 303i (32> 33) (34) ome U% Text-fig. 41.— Scatter for ‘ornament’ (P-primaries, or bullae per half- whorl) vs. ‘coiling’ (relative umbilical width, U:D x 100) at different phrag- mocone diameters of Witchellia sutneroides, n. sp., all from the Pseudocidoceras zonule of Wide Bay. There may be some weak negative correlation, at least for the smaller size groups, 7.e., the more evolute shells may tend to bear fewer (stronger) primaries or bullae. The high infraspecific variation is another example of the “(Ist.) Buckman Law of Covariation” (Westermann, 1966). There is a complete morphological transition from involute, strongly com- pressed and weakly ornate forms to evolute, weakly compressed and strongly ornate forms. In addition, there is probably a smaller form. The adult diameter varies from about 100 to more than 200 mm, umbilical width from 26% to more than 36% in phragmo- cones of similar size, whorl section (H/W) of adult phragmocones between 1.15 and 1.4 (? 1.45) and of body chamber between 1.25 and 1.6 (Text-fig. 40). The number of primaries is difficult to determine because they may occur singly or in the form of bullae- like bundles. The number of secondaries varies between about 18 ALASKAN AMMONITES, Pr. II: WESTERMANN 123 and 28 per halfwhorl, but changes little on the last whorls within specimens. The plot of relative umbilical width against number of primaries/bullae suggests weak negative correlation at different growth stages (Text-fig. 41). This variation is pene-contemporary since no morphological change was observed throughout the re- stricted vertical range of this species. The septum is fluted according to the planodisculate type (Text-figs. 36-37). The major lateral lobe-axis L-L is concave fusing medially with the incomplete central lobe-axes of I. The incomplete lobe-axis of Uy is strongly reduced. The incomplete re- duced median lobe-axes of E ends at the curved E/L-E/L (external saddle) saddle-axis. In accordance with the different strength of these septal elements, the suture has a small E, a large E/L saddle, a large L (which is trifid with long thin endings) ; and small (non- suspensive) umbilical elements of which Uy is usually only one-half the size of L. The adjacent major indentation is either all or part of U;. The internal suture has a deep narrow I and a single (paired) large I/U saddle. The general complexity (frilling) is moderately high. Comparison. — This species closely resembles Witchellia sutneri (Branco) from the S. sowerby: Zone of Europe, from which it is distinguished by the stronger costation especially on shoulders and carinae of the last whorls and by the well-developed bisulcate- tricarinate venter of shell and internal mold of phragmocone and body chamber. Also, W. swtnert appears to have more tightly coiled outer whorls. Two small specimens resemble W. sutneri (original figures re- produced, Text-fig. 34) so closely that they were originally identi- fied with that species; they are especially close to ‘W. platymorpha’ Buckman (Type Ammonites, pl. 580) from the W. laeviuscula Subzone of Dorset. However, these Wide Bay specimens appear to intergrade with the bulk of the sample with which they are, there- fore, regarded conspecific. Particularly, the widely umbilicate last whorl (including body chamber) of W. suwtneroides strongly resembles W. (‘Zugophorites’) Buckman from the S. trigonalis Subzone (middle S. sowerbyi Zone) of Dorset. However, the English forms are bisulcate on the internal mold only and their costation is much weaker becoming obsolete on the last whorl. 124 BULLETIN 255 IW. swtnerordes is, therefore, morphologically almost intermedi- ate between the European forms of the middle and upper S. sower- byi Zone, respectively, but distinct in the stronger costation espe- cially on the shoulders. Significantly, the same feature also dis- tinguishes the associated S. (Euhoploceras) bifurcata, n. sp. from its European relatives. Of special interest are two species [nomina dubia] described from British Columbia and unnamed specimens from Alberta. The plastercasts were kindly furnished by the Geological Survey of Can- ada. “Sonninia skawahi” McLearn (1926) from talus of the Haz- elton Group at Hudson Bay Mountain, British Columbia, was based on a single incomplete and poorly preserved specimen. The small conch (52 mm D) is evolute (U=38%), compressed elliptical to slightly subrectangular in whorl section, and has strong simple costae bundled in pairs near the umbilicus. The internal mold is strongly keeled and narrowly bisulcate. Although superficial simi- larity with IW. sutneroides exists, the poorly known Canadian form is distinct in the absence of primaries or elongated bullae and in the reduced lateral carinae of the venter. ‘Sonninia silveria’ Mc- Learn (1926) , found in the same scree, is based on a single distorted and incomplete poorly preserved phragmocone, possibly with part of the body chamber. The inner whorls up to 45 mm diameter re- semble evolute, bisulcate, and fasciculate variants of W. sutneroides, but the British Columbia form becomes subsequently almost smooth and the venter simply keeled on narrow tabulation. Both speci- mens may well belong to a single (? new) species of Sonninia but the specific names are to be regarded as nomina dubia (they were omitted in the “Illustration of Canadian Fossils” by Frebold, 1964) . Sonninia sp. indet. was described from the Fernie Group at Devils Point at Lake Minnewanka near Banff, Alberta (Frebold, 1957a, p. 49, pl. 19, fig. 2). The figured specimen is a fragment of a large evolute sonniniid with subrectangular whorl section, moderately bisulcate-tricarinate venter of the internal mold, and simple rectiradiate projected weak costae which bundle on the ante- penultimate whorl. The plastercast of this and of another fragment were kindly furnished by the Geological Survey of Canada. Both specimens were apparently associated with the S. (? Euwhoploceras) cf. bifurcata (op. cit., pl. 20; see S. bifurcata). This form resembles ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 125 closely Witchellia (‘Zugophorites’) and may be identical with the British Columbia forms described above. Shell duplication. — The largest specimen (USGS 160248) with an estimated complete diameter of 200-220 cm shows unique thickening and continuation of apparent test from the sides of the last phragmocone whorl onto the exposed sides of the penultimate whorl and over the plugged umbilicus where the inner whorls are not preserved (Text-fig. 38; Pl. 31). On the left side of the conch, this apparent secondary test is only about one-half millimeter thick, but on the right side it is duplicated (locally triplicated ?) and one to two mm thick. This apparent test generally rounds off the sharp angles at the umbilical seams and seems to have been continuous also onto the missing body chamber. While superficially closely resembling ammonite test and internally showing similar although often duplicated layering, the material consists of coarsely crystalline calcite (X-ray fluorescence inspection by B. J. Burley) which either could have been derived from ammonite test by dia- genetic alteration or be little altered nonbiogenic calcite. This shell duplication phenomenon is probably best explained by late diagenetic nonbiogenic processes in which the surrounding sediment was separated from the shell (or dilation within the test) due to differential compaction and the thus developed supplemen- tary natural mold subsequently filled with calcite by slow lateral secretion. It appears unlikely that this apparent shell is true test secreted by the fully grown animal asymmetrically over both the entire sides of the conch after destruction of the inner phragmocone whorls. Such magnitude of secondary shell secretion is unknown in the cephalopods. While this article was in press, several instances of ‘diagenetic conch hypertrophy’ resembling this case were described and an- alysed by R. Hollmann (1968, Neues Jahrb. Geol. Palaontol., Abh. 103, pp. 305-334) from Upper Jurassic ammonites of East Africa. Measurements.— Dm W% H% U% P/bullae § Holotype (phragm.) 69 32 40 31.5 8-9 20 2 42 33.5 39 31 7 c.18 M 30 33 35 29.5 5-9 — % 17 38 37 33 4-7 — 3 13 44.5 34.5 38 4.5 — 4 6 50 38 32 4.5 — 126 BULLETIN 255 Dmm W% H% U% P/bullae NM USNM 160249 (body ch.) 108 c.26 40.5 30 — —- (phragm.) i 29 44.5 26.5 9 23 ce 42 32 43 21.5 c.10 af Pade 32 42. 30 95 USNM 160248 (body ch.) = 200 _ — _— — — (phragm.) 152 2555 33 40.5 Wiles 21 ” 106 28 36 38.5 11 21 75 32 37 36 10 — 58 col c.38 R71 c.10 — USNM 160245 [W. cf. sutneroides | (body ch.) 100 c.27 c.35 41 c.14 19 {(phragm.) 66 30.5 39.5 34 — — - 51 ABI SS 37.5 32 Hes — 4 26 — — 35 5 — USNM 160244 (body ch.) 120 c.26 39 31 (13.5 0bs.) 25 (phragm.) (c.80) 63 34 +5 26 10 24- 2 40 F324 38.5 Di 11 24.5 USNM 160247 (phragm.) 57 33 39 31.5 8 ¢.25 a? 32 SiS 37.5 33 c.8 c.27 McM J 945 (body ch.) c.100 c.24 c.30 — 8-10 — McM J 946 (body ch.) c.78 c.36 c.45 G35 AS c.21 (phragm.) 58 31 39.5 33 c.7 c.21 3 41 _— — 35 c.6 25 McM J 947 (body ch.) 5U e284 38 32 11 — (phragm.) 36 35 39.5 28 13.5 = McM J 948 (body ch.) c.150 c.25 c.37 — 11.5 i (phragm) c.130/c.70 c.34 c.44 a 8.5 — McM J 949 (phragm.) 78 33 Seb) (@55)5) cl2 — - 37 34 (C15 c.34 8 7) McM J 950 (body ch.) c.190 c.25 e3ie5 — c.14.5 (c.14.5) Genus PELEKODITES Buckman, 1923 Type species. — P. pelekus Buckman, 1923. The genus has been discussed above in the introduction to Witchellia. Pelekodites cf. P. pelekus Buckman, 1923 Pl 32) figsaaes Material. —‘T'wo complete internal molds with lappets, from WA 10 at 11m (McM J 1028a, b). Asthenoceras concretion, Pseudo- cidoceras zonule of the S. sowerbyit Zone, Kialagvik Formation, Wide Bay. Description. — Both specimens are dwarfs (19 and 26 mm diameter). The inner whorls, as seen in the broken smaller speci- men, are evolute and depressed elliptical to subrectangular in sec- tion with clearly bisulcate venter and blunt, apparently solid keel. While the smaller phragmocone of only 13 mm diameter retains ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 127 this whorl section to the end, the slightly larger one becomes sub- square. The body chamber of only one-half whorl length becomes more evolute and somewhat compressed elliptical in section, with simple narrow tabulations beside the blunt keel. Both specimens have lateral lappets which are probably incompletely preserved. The costation consists of moderately strong irregularly fascicu- late costae which are almost rectiradiate and slightly flexed on the phragmocone, but markedly rursiradiate and terminally projected on the body chamber. The costation is reduced, finally becoming obsolete on the last one-fourth whorl. Measurements. — Dawn W% H% U% P McM J 1028 a (body ch.) 26 27 34.5 40 — (phragm) 16.5 36 32 36 ip) McM J 1028 b (body ch.) 19 31.5 34.5 38.5 — (phragm) 13/12" 24105 37.5 ed teats Subgenus(?) PELEKODITES (SPATULITES) Buckman, 1928 (Syn. Maceratites Buckman 1928) Type species. — 8. spatians Buckman, 1928. The probable Witchellia — P. (Spatulites) dimorphism has been discussed above in the introduction to Witchellia. Pelekodites (spatulites?), n. sp. aff. P. spatians (Buckman) 124 BY, figs. 3, 4 Material. — One phragmocone with part of body chamber, in- cluding the peristome with (incomplete ?) lappets, phragmocone partly crushed, internal mold with test remains, from locality WA 1] at 22m (McM J 939); a second much smaller specimen with incomplete apparently adult body chamber, moderately preserved and deformed, from the same locality at 32 m (McM J 1294). Pseudocidoceras zonule of the S. sowerby: Zone, Kialagvik Forma- tion, Wide Bay. Description. — The phragmocones of the two specimens are only 35 and 25 mm in respective diameters. ‘The umbilicus is wide and shallow and the whorl section compressed subelliptical, slight- ly subrectangular. The venter is bisulcate-tricarinate on the internal mold, while the test has a high hollow-floored keel and broad sulci, at least above 17 mm diameter. Under 17 mm diameter, 128 BULLETIN 255 the venter is keeled-tabulate or bisulcate. On the larger phragmo- cone are many irregularly fasciculate ribs, some of which are in- flated near the base marking the beginning of Witchellia-type bullae. The costation of the smaller specimen is much coarser but similar in style. The body chambers of the two specimens were 52 mm and approximately 32 mm in respective complete diameters. The whorl section of the larger specimen is compressed elliptical with strong keel and rather shallow sulci on the internal mold. Somewhat con- vex blunt ribs are developed on the middle of the sides but be- come obsolete near the aperture. The shell remnants show increas- ingly convex growth striae and test thickening near the peristome. An incompletely preserved ventral lappet (or ? rostrum) is still bisulcate-tricarinate on the internal mold. The sides are some- what constricted on the internal mold only and extend in small medio-lateral lappets which may be incomplete. The body chamber fragment of the smaller specimen has strong rursiradiate ribs which are partly somewhat fasciculate. ‘The externside is bisulcate throughout. The septal suture is exactly as in juvenile Witchellia sutner- oides, n. sp. E is narrow and moderately deep, the E/L saddle large, L large and deep, the umbilical lobes small and non-sus- pensive. Comparison. — This form strongly resembles the English P. (Spatulites) spatians (Buckman) which has a diameter of 59 mm, and the smaller ‘Maceratites’ aurifer Buckman (34 mm D); it is distinguished by the better developed bisulcate-bicarinate venter retained on the body chamber, the stronger ornate shoulders and probably the simplified costation of the body chamber. Significantly, these same features distinguish the apparently corresponding macroconchiate W. sutneroides, n. sp. from the northwestern European W. laeviuscula - W. sutneri group. Measurements. — Syera wh H% U% McM J 939 (aperture) 52 26 35.5 36.5 (phragm.) 35 CP c.39 34 McM J 1294 (body ch.) c.32 — = cad (phragm.) 25 24 €.36 32 ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 129 Family OTOITIDAE Mascke, 1907 [Inel. Sphaeroceratinae Buckman, 1920] Otoitids and sphaeroceratids are regarded as two subfamilies of a single family by this author (Westermann, 1956, 1964, p. 55) in contrast to their treatment of the ‘Treatise’ (Arkell, et al. 1957). Schindewolf (1965, pp. 161-177) recently upheld their separation at the family level because of minute differences in the umbilical lobes. However, he retained unquestioned in his Otoitidae only the single probably dimorphic pair Emileia - E. (Otoites) after transfer of Docidoceras and D. (Trilobiticeras) to his Sphaerocera- tidae. Schindewolf did not investigate the supposed hammatoceratid Abbastites, placed in Erycites in the Treatise but generically dis- tinguished by the present author, which according to the evidence from Wide Bay is directly ancestral to Docidoceras (Pseudocido- ceras), n. subgenus. Because of the presence of the secondary mor- phological internal lateral lobe U,, Abbastites should be transferred from the Hildocerataceae to the Stephanocerataceae in accordance with Schindewolf’s classification. If the supposed dimorphic pair Docidoceras - D. (Trilobiti- ceras) is placed in the sphaeroceratids as supposed by Schindewolf, the distinction between the otoitids and sphaeroceratids is further diminished by neglecting differences in dimorphism; in the “old” classification only the otoitids possessed lappet bearing micro- conchs. The Tulitidae [and Pachyceratidae] are certainly more clearly distinct from the otoitids and sphaeroceratids than asserted by Schindewolf (1965, p. 235) ; for example, the septal suture lacks the Un. This author is most hesitant to follow Schindewolf (1965, p. 170) in placing the probable dimorphic pair Cadomites - C. (Poly- plectites) in the sphaeroceratids because of their unusual septal structure (Westermann, 1956, p. 242) which he now confirmed. There can be little doubt about their direct descendance from typical stephanoceratids. Pseudotoites Spath is characterized by planulate subcircular to rounded ovate inner whorls with inclined and partly smooth um- bilical wall, ‘cadicone’ intermediate whorls, and typically ovate outer whorls bearing blunt nodes and bullae on the umbilical margin with reduced primaries (Text-fig. 42). Primaries and 130 BULLETIN 255 secondaries are usually prosoradiate. The aperture is not collared and the peristome strongly oblique. The author gratefully re- ceived plastercasts of several Australian topotypes, identified by Arkell, from the Sedgwick Museum. The internal suture of Pseudo- loites, as investigated in two specimens of P. ex gr. P. singularis (Gottsche) from the Argentine Andes, agrees in detail with that given for Emileia and E. (Otoites) by Schindewolf (1965, pp. 153, 162), probably including the two-pronged U,. However, the earli- est growth stage could not be developed. Coiling and whorl sec- tion of P. singularis resemble closely the more evolute species of Emileia. The common Alaskan “sub-coronates”, formerly tentatively regarded as new subgenus of Psewdotoites (Westermann, 1964a, footnote 19, p. 61, pl. 9, figs. la, b), have throughout depressed subelliptical (‘lenticular’) whorls with mid-lateral edge, sharp long primaries, and an undivided U, lobe, and are, therefore, now classified under Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras), n. subgen. D. (Pseudocidoceras) is distinguished from Docidoceras s.s. mainly in the regularly strong projected (convex) secondaries and in the oblique smooth aperture without collar. The Australian ‘Zemistephanus’ Arkell (1954), which is not identical with the Canadian stephanoceratid Zemistephanus (Imlay, 1964; Westermann, 1964b, pp. 61-64), somewhat resembles D. (Pseudocidoceras). A plastercast of the septal surface of Z. corona (Arkell, 1954, pl. 39, fig. 3), kindly sent by the University of West- ern Australia, shows the bullate pattern of the Otoitidae (s.l.). However, the more striking similarities are with the South Ameri- can P. (?) sphaeroceroides (Tornquist). Both the Australian and South American “‘coronates” may best be classified under a new subgenus of Pseudotoites (Westermann, 1964b, p. 53) although they may be related as closely to Docidoceras. In spite of my recent extensive search in the type-area, no new material of P. (?) sphaeroceroides is available. The holotype was refigured by Arkell (1954, pl. 40, figs. 2a-c). The complete speci- men of P. (?) sphaeroceroides previously figured (Westermann, 1964b, pl. 9, fig. 7) has strong tubercles (internal mold) on the body chamber which are lacking in D. (Psewdocidoceras), and the whorl section of the phragmocone is depressed ovate with the ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 131 Text-fig. 42. — Cross-section of the in- ner and intermediate whorls of Pseudo- toites robiginosus (Crick) [det. P. emili- odes by Arkell; Sedgewick Museum F 11923], Mount Hill, Western Australia; for comparison with the Alaskan species. Note the planulate and rounded inner whorls. lateral edge at about two-fifths whorl-height, while it is usually de- pressed elliptical in the Wide Bay forms. However, the section of the inner whorls of the Australian Z. corona is apparently poorly known, except for the end of the phragmocone where it is also de- pressed ovate. The material collected by Shell Oil Company, the U.S. Geo- logical Survey, and by me from the S. sowerby: Zone of Wide Bay in summer 1964, is evidence for two distinct but associate otoitid groups, t.e. subcoronate Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) and planu- late Pseudotoites. Thus, Pseudotoites is present in North America, but neither as formerly supposed (Arkell, 1954, p. 586) by ‘Ammonites’ carlotten- sis Whiteaves from western British Columbia and southeastern Alaska which is a Zemistephanus (Imlay, 1964; Westermann, 1964b, footnote 19, p. 62), nor by the abundant “sub-coronate” Wide Bay forms as I suggested previously (op. cit., pl. 9, fig. 1), but by the scarce planulate P. cf. argentinus Arkell and P. cf. transatlanti- cus (Tornquist) of the S. sowerbyi Zone of Wide Bay. 132 BULLETIN 255 80 70 60 F % 50 O D. widebayense 40 @ D. camachoi 20 30 40 50 U % Text-fig. 43.—Scatter for relative flank width (F:DX100) and um- bilical width (U:D 100) of Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) spp., adult phrag- mocones, with indicated corresponding areas for plot distributions of Docido- ceras s.s. and Pseudotoites s.s. (from Westermann, 1964 b, abb. 12). This parameter reflects the ‘ovateness’ of the whorl section (approximate position of maximal whorl width or lateral edge with respect to whorl height indicated). Note that the Alaskan D. (P.) widebayense, n. sp. and D. (P.) camachot, n. sp. are intermediate in whorl section ranging from subelliptical to markedly but not strongly subovate. It appears that the Andean Pseudotoites and P. (Latotoites) have strong affinities in whorl-section and costation with the rela- tively evolute early representatives of the mainly European Emi- leia (‘Emileites’) and E. (Otoites); in fact, they are morphologically intermediate between Australian Pseudotoites and northwestern European E. (‘Emileites’ ). The phenomenon called reticulate variation and the conse- quent taxonomic dilemma is well represented in this world-wide group of Otoitidae (including Sphaeroceratinae). Local or regional morphological clusters can be delimited and may be at- tributed to species, but the distinction between genera breaks down because of lateral contiguity. ‘Vertical’ contiguity appears to be of minor importance because the respective faunas are probably pene- contemporary. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 133 The major clusters are (1) The European Docidoceras s.s., (2) the Alaskan D. (Pseudocidoceras), (3) the South American Pseudotoites and (4) the Australo-Indonesian Pseudotoites [for West Irian, formerly West New Guinea, see Visser and Hermes. 1962, encl. 17, fig. 17, and for the Sula Islands, Moluccas, see Kruizinga, 1926, pl. 6, figs. 1, 2; pl. 12, fig. 3]; a fifth cluster could be represented by the northwestern European Emileia (‘Emileites’). All clusters certainly overlap in time within the lower to middle S. sowerbyi Zone. Clusters (1) to (4) appear to be subcontiguous in morphoclinal relationship and geographic distribution, the Aus- tralo-Indonesian Pseudotoites being most distinct from the Euro- pean Docidoceras s.s., and (2) and (3) successively occupying inter- mediate positions. Each cluster is distinguished by a combination of characters which also occur singly in the others. Yet in southern Alaska (2) and (4) are associated breaking the linear relationship. The South American Pseudotoites singularis (Gottsche) group appears to be as closely related to E. (‘Emileites’) as to (1) Doci- doceras §.s., both essentially European. Besides the major clusters, supplementary clusters with different lateral distributions occur; Pseudotoites argentinus Arkell from the South American cluster supplements the Alaskan cluster, the cadicone P. (?) (n. subgen.) sphaeroceroides (Tornquist) group supplements the South Ameri- can and probably also the Australo-Indonesian clusters. These forms are, in turn, Closely affiliated with the Alaskan main cluster of D. (Pseudocidoceras). It is possible that even the European E. (‘Emileites’) cluster was spread as far as South America. Genus DOCIDOCERAS Buckman, 1919 Type species by original designation. — D. cylindroides, Buck- man, 1919, from the S. sowerbyi Zone, L. discites Subzone, of south- ern England and France. The taxonomy of the genus has recently been discussed by this author (1964b, pp. 51, 56-57). The nominate subgenus D. (Docido- ceras) is macroconchiate and includes the three distinct species D. cylindroides Buckman, D. planulatum Buckman, and D. longaluum (Vacek) ; probably synonymous with, or subspecies of these are ‘Coeloceras’ limatum Pompecki, D. perfectum Buckman, D. biforme Buckman, and D. liebi Maubeuge. All have simple moderately 134 BULLETIN 255 oblique and typically collared peristomes. The probably correspond- ing microconchiate forms are included in the subgenus D. (Trilo- biticeras) with the only distinct named species D. (T.) punctum (Vacek) which includes as subspecies or synonyms T. trilobitoides Buckman and T. platygaster Buckman [part.]; the aperture bears lateral lappets. The pertinent feature distinguishing Docidoceras from other Otoitidae [including Sphaeroceratinae] is the evolute, strongly depressed ‘lenticular’ whorl section with mid-lateral edge. Other Otoitidae have ovate whorl sections with the maximal whorl width or lateral-edge below mid-flank (less than one-half whorl height) (Text-fig. 43). The ‘coronate’ whorls of Docidoceras commence at only a few millimeters diameter and are developed throughout the phragmocone, although the adult phragmocone and particularly the body chamber may become somewhat ovate by inflation of the externside and steepening of the inner flanks (umbilical slope) . As in most other Otoitidae the costation of typical Docidoceras is more or less rectiradiate, crossing straight over the externside, but there are some exceptions such as the holotype of D. liebi Maubeuge [? = D. planulatum Buckman]. Unrefuted D. (Docidoceras) and D. (Trilobiticeras) are known from the northwestern European and Mediterranean provinces only. Subgenus DOCIDOCERAS (DOCIDOCERAS) Buckman, 1919 Docidoceras (Docidoceras?) sp. aff. D. longalvum (Vacek) 1886 Pimoe. fig. 5a-c; Pl. 33; Text-fig. 44 Material.— One large phragmocone with incomplete body chamber, well-preserved internal mold, from WA 10 at 8 m (McM J 937). Lower Pseudocidoceras zonule of the S. sowerbyi Zone, upper Kialagvik Formation, Wide Bay. Description. —'The shell is typically “‘serpenticone planulate’’; the whorls are strongly depressed elliptical, partly slightly ovate in section with rounded lateral edge, and become increasingly more evolute, embracing the preceding whorls less than one-third. The costation is prominent on the phragmocone consisting of straight rectiradiate primaries which trifurcate in mid-lateral tubercles or nodes into slightly prosoradiate secondaries. ‘The secondaries be- come more densely spaced and blunt on the end of the phragmo- cone. The preserved one-fourth whorl of the body chamber is al- most smooth. Text-fig. 44.—Cross-section of Docidoceras (Docidoceras) sp. aff. D. longalvum (Vacek), complete speci- men with strong umbolateral groove on last phragmocone whorl and body chamber, loc. WA 10 in the lower Pseudocidoceras zonule (McM J 937) ; Sel: The ultimate one-quarter whorl of the phragmocone and espe- cially the body chamber fragment have on right and left innermost flanks (umbilical slopes) strong and well-defined grooves [here named umbolateral groove]. On the phragmocone these are largely filled with “porous material” which is believed to represent secon- dary secretion, possibly originally rich in organic material, for at- tachment of the paired retractor muscle (see also Jordan, 1968). On the body chamber, the grooves correspond to all of the inner flanks and are bordered by a sharp mid-lateral edge (on the left side apparently raised by fracture) (Text-fig. 44). The septum is typically bullate with slightly stronger outer than inner saddle axes. The suture is of moderate complexity with suspensive umbilical elements. 136 BULLETIN 255 Discussion. — The Alpine holotype of D. (D) longaluum has recently been refigured (Westermann, 1964b, pl. 6, fig. 1). The English D. perfectum Buckman was drawn into synonymy (op. cit., p. 52; Bremer, 1966, p. 163) matching the holotype of D. longaluum except for the slightly stronger costation. The Wide Bay specimen is distinguished from D. longalvum by the more distant partly prosoradiate and markedly stronger costation and by the umbolateral groove of unknown taxonomic significance, features which suggest affiliation with D. (Psewdocido- ceras). Measurements. — Dmm W% H% U% 1 S McM J 937 (body ch.) 140 39 c.26 c.55 — — (phragm.) 96 47 c.27 51 15 52 2 65 51 27 48 13.5 39 Subgenus DOCIDOCERAS (PSEUDOCIDOCERAS) Westermann, n. subgen. Type species by original designation.—D. (P.) widebayense, n. sp. from the S. sowerbyi Zone of Wide Bay. Subgenus diagnosis. — A subgenus of Docidoceras with strongly prosoradiate costae (secondaries therefore ventrally convex) and strongly oblique smooth peristome; whorl section may be weakly ovate. Discussion. — Although prosoradiate costae with convex sec- ondaries are also known to occur rarely in European D. (Docido- ceras) [D. liebi], Alaskan forms certainly display this feature more strongly and with great regularity. Toward the end of the phragmocone, the secondaries may medially be gently interrupted and even alternating. However, this feature is never continuous over several whorls and not regarded as significant. While the peristome of the Alaskan specimens is smooth, simple, and strongly oblique, most of the European D. (Docidoceras) have a less oblique peristome with collar. The primaries of the body chamber tend to develop into bullae. The whorl section varies from lenticular to markedly ovate with a corresponding position of the lateral edge from one-half to three-sevenths, rarely to two-fifths whorl height. These features more or less resemble those of Pseudotoites which ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 137 is distinguished by planulate rounded inner whorls, short pri- maries which may become obsolescent, and prominent lateral nodes or bullae of the outer whorl. A single apparently corresponding microconch was associated with the several abundant macroconchiate D. (Pseuwdocidoceras) species. Just like the macroconchs from Docidoceras s.s., the phrag- mocone is distinguished from D. (Trilobiticeras) in the strongly prosoradiate ribs. The naming of a new subgenus would be pre- mature and could later become superfluous, if dimorphism can be established as more material becomes available. The affinity of D. (Pseudocidoceras) camachoi, n. sp. to Abba- sites platystomus Westermann (1964a, pl. 66, figs. 1-2) of the sub- jacent E. howelli Zone is so striking that their direct phyletic re- lationship appears certain. A. platystomus is distinguished only in the reduced E/L saddle and in the alternating secondaries of the inner whorls. D. (Pseudocidoceras) bears much resemblance to the ‘Emileites’ group, 7.e. widely umbilicate Emileia species from the middle and upper S. sowerbyi Zone of southern England, especially to Emileia crater Buckman; these in turn, may have evolved directly from D. cylindroides Buckman of the lower S$. sowerbyi Zone (Wester- mann, 1946b, p. 60). The ‘Emileites’ group needs reinvestigation; it is distinguished from the Alaskan forms by the ovate rounded whorl section and the retaining of long, thin primaries on the body chamber. Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) widebayense Westermann, n. sp Pls. 34-37; Text- red 45-49 Holotype. — P1. 34, fig. la-d; a well-preserved complete internal mold with minor test remains. Repository: U.S. Nat. Museum, No. 160249. Locus typicus. — Sea cliff on southeastern shore of Wide Bay, 8.5 km (5.32 mi.) south, 4614° west of west end of Hartman Island. U.S. Geological Survey Mesozoic locality 21251 (collector Imlay and Miller, 1948). Stratum typicum. — Pseudocidoceras zonule, supposedly about 160 m below top of Kialagvik Formation. , Derivatio nominis. — Named after the occurrence at Wide Bay. Age and occurrence.—S. sowerbyi Zone. Bajocian. Common 138 BULLETIN 255 Un U3 Ug Y (Ug) 4 Qa U2 U, Text-fig. 45 a-g.— Septal sutures of Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras), n. subgen., loc. USGS 19862 in the Pseudocidoceras zonule of Wide Bay, magni- fied. a-f. D. (Pesudocidoceras) sp. indet. juv.; a-b. at c.l mm W, c. at 11.6 mm W and 1mm H, d. at c.2 mm W, e. at 3 mm W and 2 mm H, f. at 4 mm W and 2.5 mm H; g. D. (P.) widebayense, n. sp. at 6 mm W, 4 mm H and c.9 mm D. Note the secondary lobe Un. in the Pseudocidoceras zonule, especially in the upper part, rare in the subjacent E. amplectens zonule; only known from the south- eastern side of Wide Bay. Diagnosis. — A medium-sized species of D. (Pseudocidoceras), strongly costate including body chamber. Material.— Three complete and two incomplete specimens from USGS 12405; one almost complete specimen and one phrag- mocone from USGS 19801; one complete specimen, five phragmo- ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 139 a.) — widebaoyense conte cf widebayense — camachoi w a) — — Cf. camachoi e ® =) ios < 30 40 50 60 70 Te) 30 b) ie D phragm. (mm) 5 (lat 200) 100 10 120 c.) d) 5 S body ch 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 S phragm. Text-fig. 46 a-d. — Frequency histograms for diameter (D) and secondaries per halfwhorl (S) of Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras), n. spp., Pseudocidoceras zonule of Wide Bay, Alaska. a-b. Note that D. (P.) widebayense, n. sp. is usually smaller than D. (P.) camachoi, n. sp., but there is much overlap. e-d. Note that D. (P.) widebayense bears fewer, i.e. stronger, secondaries than D. (P.) camachoi and that bimodality is certainly significant for body chambers. 140 BULLETIN 255 70 a Os WA Yo °o 60 ts JL VAS 7 VRS fis ei) Go / Lipa, 50 Ke yas 04 yal SEE Pa ‘/ a aye 4 4 / r 40 Aap a = (0) 7 V7 = p< Y 03 =) a a 30 oe a es 20 phragm. aperture D. widebayense a 4 D. cf /off widebayense 4 4 D. camacho: ° ° 10 D. (Trilobitic.?) sp. nov + o 0 (0) 50 100 150 D (mm) Text-fig. 47.— Scatter with several growth lines for relative umbilical width (U:D) of Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras), n. spp. and D. (Trilobiticeras?) sp. indet. Pseudocidiceras zonule of Wide Bay; Holotype of the type species D. cylindroides Buckman included for comparison (phragmocones: solid lines, body chambers: dashed lines). Note that the growth lines remain essentially constant throughout the phragmocone but increase with the body chamber, that D. (P.) widebayense, n. sp. tends to be slightly more evolute than D. (P.) camachoi, n. sp., that the microconchiate D. (Trilobiticeras ?) plots subcen- trally within the former macroconchiate forms, and that D. (D.) cylindroides resembles D. (P.) widebayense in this parameter. cones partly with incomplete body chamber and several fragments from the USGS 19862 (USNM 160250) ; several complete phragmo- cones and one body chamber from USGS 19869; two complete specimens, one phragmocone, several fragments of phragmocones and body chambers from USGS 21251; one body chamber with phragmocone fragment from WA 5; (?) one small specimen with ALASKAN AMMONITES, PY. II: WESTERMANN 141 cylindroides 80% W .“70%W 60%W 50% 40% W 40 W (mm) 20 phragm. aperture D. widebayense ry 4 D. ct/off. wideboyense a a D camachoi ° ° 10 D. (Trilobiti.?) sp.nov # c) eS Se ee ee ee ee 100 150 D (mm) Text-fig. 48. — Scatter with growth lines for relative whorl width (‘thick- ness = W:D) of Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras), n. spp. and D. (Trilobiti- ceras ?), n. sp. indet., Pseudocidoceras zonule of Wide Bay (same symbols as Text-fig. 47). Note that width growth ceases or even decreases (growth rate becomes negative) at the beginning of the body chambers which, therefore, be- come relatively ‘thinner’, that there is close resemblance between D. (P.) wide- bayense, n. sp. and D. (P.) camachol, n. sp., and that the microconchiate D. (Trilobiticeras ?) as well as the holotype of the generic type species D. cylindroides Buckman plot within the distribution of the macroconchs. aperture from WA 10 at 6 m; six almost complete internal molds and several fragmentary phragmocones and body chambers from WA 10 at 1 to 22 m (McM J 903, 909-917) ; two incomplete phrag- mocones with body chambers, several large fragments from WA 11 at 19 to 27 m (McM J 904-906); two complete internal molds with test remains, two phragmocones, five fragments from WA 13 at 9 to 16 m (McM J 895-902, 916). All except one [WA5 — E. amplectens zonule] from the Pseudocidoceras zonule of the S. sowerbyt Zone, Kialagvik Formation, Wide Bay. Description. — The phragmocone is ‘sub-coronate’ throughout. Already at 6-8 mm diameter, the evolute whorls are strongly de- 142 BULLETIN 255 55 phragm. body ch Aa 4 D. wideboyense ° ° D. camachoi cylindroides ____—n> O 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 oloy Tike) zXe) IYO) D (mm) Text-fig. 49.— Scatter with growth lines for density of secondaries (num- ber per halfwhorl) vs. diameter (S:D) for Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras), n. spp. and D. (Trilobiticeras ?), n. sp. indet., Pseudocidoceras zonule of Wide Bay (same symbols as Text-fig. 47). Note that there is large overlap for the phragmocones of D. (P.) widebayense, n. sp. and D. (P.) camachoi, n. sp., but clear separation for the body chambers, that D. (Trilobiticeras ?) sp. plots within the distribution of the macroconchiate D. (Pseudocidoceras), and that the holotype of the type species D. (D.) cylindroides Buckman resembles D. (P.) camachoi in this parameter. pressed, lenticular, about double as wide as high, with evenly rounded broad externside, distinct circa-median lateral edge and rounded inner flanks which reach the umbilical seam almost ver- tically. Prosoradiate primaries extend from the umbilical seam up to the lateral edge where they carry small nodes. The densely spaced secondaries project strongly and cross convexly, sometimes with median weakening, over the broad externside. The morphogeny is well known beyond 15 mm diameter. As shown in the scatter diagrams (Text-figs. 47, 48), there is little change in the growth rate for whorl shape and coiling up to the end of the phragmocone. Whorl width varies from 64 to 82 percent ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 143 of the diameter and the whorl height approximates one-half of the width. The lateral edge (or the maximal whorl width) lies between three-sevenths, more rarely two-fifths, and one-half whorl height, 7.e. just below the middle of the flank. The umbilical width ranges from 28 to 38 percent of the diameter. The diameter of the adult phragmocone varies greatly with strong positive skew- ness, ranging from probably less than 40 (230) to more than 60 mm, and measuring most commonly 40-50 mm (Text-fig. 46) . There are 10-14 rectiradiate to moderately prosoradiate_pri- maries per halfwhorl on the intermediate and outer whorls of the phragmocone. They arise at the umbilical seam and strengthen gradually up to the lateral edge where they carry nodes. Here they bifurcate or trifurcate into always more or less strongly prosoradi- ate secondaries which usually curve evenly convex over the extern- side, but are sometimes slightly arched or become medially obsolete. The density of secondaries on the last one or two whorls of the phragmocone varies from 25 to 38 per halfwhorl, being most com- monly 25-30 (Text-fig. 49). The adult body chamber is from three-quarters whorls to over one whorl in length and varies in diameter from probably 45 to 100 mm, measuring most commonly 65-85 mm (Text-fig. 46). From the beginning of the body chamber, the coiling becomes markedly more evolute (39-47%). Whorl width ceases to increase and there may be slight ‘contraction’. Consequently the whorl section be- comes higher and, by reduction of the lateral edge, rounded ellip- tical to slightly ovate (Text-figs. 47, 48). At the aperture, the test is internally greatly thickened causing a broad oblique constriction on the internal mold, and a broad lip or ventral lappet produces a strongly oblique peristome. The costation of the body chamber is most distinctive for this species, consisting of increasingly strong and distant primaries and especially heavy, strongly prosoradiate secondaries (18-27 per half- whorl) (Text-fig. 49). The primaries do not markedly retract from the umbilical seam; they retain greatest prominence over the maxi- mal whorl width where they often carry blunt nodes. The septum is typically bullate (abullate), with central E-I lobe axis and complete L-U, lobe axis separating two sub-equal saddle axes (E/L-I/U, and L/U.-U,/U). The septum of the re- 144 BULLETIN 255 lated D. camachoi n. sp. has recently been figured under ‘Pseudo- toites, n. sp.’ (Westermann, 1964b, pl. 9, fig. la, b). The septal suture (Text-fig. 45) is superficially similar to most Otoitidae (including Sphaeroceratinae) and other Middle Jurassic sphaerocone and cadicone ammonites, with two subequal morphological external and internal saddles and more or less high complexity. The morphogeny observed in a D. widebayense (Text- fig. 45g) agrees in detail with that of a nucleus of D. (Pseudocido- ceras) sp. indet. from the same locality, so that only the umbilical elements at 10 mm diameter have been figured of the former in supplementation of the other series (Text-figs. 45 af). Up to 1 mm whorl width, only E, L, Uz, U, and I are present with the umbilical seam situated on the lower inner slope of the U,/U, saddle. At 1.2 - 1.5 mm W (0.8 - 1 mm H), Us; develops externally adjacent to the seam and, simultaneously, on the dorsal side of the crest of the U,/I (internal) saddle. Frilling of the suture com- mences at about 2.5 mm W (1.5 mm H), when U,, has developed to a large straight lobe separating the sub-equal U,/U, and U,,/I saddles, while U, remains undivided. U, develops adjacent to the seam at about 4 mm whorl width (2.5 mm H and 6 mm D), at a stage when all other lobes including U, are trifid. The shape of some lobes, especially of Us, is often strongly asymmetric tend- ing to appear bifid. Only a moderate degree of complexity by frilling is achieved and the lobes remain usually quite broad, in contrast to Emileza. Comparison. — The quantitative studies of D. widebayense and D. camachoi establish clearly discontinuous variation of the body chamber costation which in this species is always much stronger than in D. camachoi (Text-fig. 49). D. camachoi is usually (20- 30% overlap) slightly more involute and finer costate throughout (Text-figs. 47, 49). D. widebayense and D. camachoi are associated in the lower part of the Pseudocidoceras zonule to which D. cama- choi appears to be restricted. ALASKAN AMMONITES, Pr. II: WESTERMANN Measurements. — | Holotype (apert.) (ph Loc. USGS 12405 (apert.) ragm.) (phragm.) (apert.) (phragm.) (c. apert.) (phragm. ) (apert.) (phragm.) (phragm.) ILoc. USGS 19801 (apert.) (phragm.) (phragm.) |USNM 160250 (apert.) (phragm.) ILoc. USGS 19862 (c. apert.) (phragm. ) ” ” (apert.) (phragm. ) (body ch.) (phragm. ) (phragm.) ” ” Loc. USGS 21251 (apert.) (phragm. ) (apert.) (phragm. ) (apert.) (apert.) JLoc. USGS 19801 (phragm.) (body ch.) (phragm.) (phragm.) (body ch.) (phragm.) (phragm.) (c. apert.) (phragm. ) (body ch.) (phragm.) (phragm. ) (apert.) (phragm.) Dmm W% ig) > a i) Wn as i [*F: flank width, the diameter of the lateral edge] U% F%* IE S 41.5 oe 10 23 36 64 12 28 45 — 12 25 33.5 —_ 13 c.30 c.36 — 1325 c.25 45 -- 11 25 — -= 12 c.30 — — 12.5 c.25 3255 — 13 c.28 —_— — Cali c.26 33 _- 12 c.30 41 — 13 35 42 — 11 26 (815) — 13 c.29 34.6 — 13 c.30 44.5 — 11 24 38 — c.12 c.25 c.42 — c.12 25 30.5 — 13.5 c.32 333455 — euils} c.33 36 — 12 c.25 c.46 — cus c.26 c.37 —_ c.14 C3) 34.5 — 13 26 34.5 — 13 c.25 33 — 12 —_— 33 — 13 29 33.5 — 13 c.29 36 — 13 c.25 35 — (3117; — = — cals c.22 31 — c.12 c.25 c.43 — 11 25 36 64+ 14 33 — eli c.21 c.43 — lil c.18 c.34 = c.13 c.25 34.5 — 11 25 29.5 — 2E5 c.30 34 58.5 14 29.5 — -— — 22 38.5 — c.13 c.29 33.5 — 12.5 c.28 42.5 — 12 25 C35 — 13.5 30 47.5 — 12 24 c.32 —- c.12 c.27 33 61 14 35 44.5 — c.12 c.25 34 57 12 32 146 BULLETIN 255 Dmm W% H% U% F%* Ie S McM J914 (apert.) 85 43.5 26 c.46 _— c.13 c.25 (phragm.) 52 69 c.35 38 60 14 31 McM J915 (apert.) c.95 c.50 c.31 — _- — (20-25) (phragm.) c.59 80 37 34 — 10 28 McM J903 (apert.) 78 42 29.5 38.5 = li 25.5 (phragm.) (c.44) c.82 c.43 31 ~- ULES c.28 McM J905 (apert.) c.72 c.54 c.34 — — c.12 (c.27) (phragm. ) 52 67.5 33 36 — 14.5 36 McM J904 (apert.) 8+ 39 26 44 —_ 11 22.5 (phragm.) 50 62 33 c.38 _- 12.5 c.35 McM J906 (body ch.) c.65 c.45 c.26 c.26 c.12 c.23 (phragm.) 42 71 3555 35.5 60 11 26.5 McM J895 (apert.) 78 — — — — 11 26 (phragm.) c.44 c.75 c.36.5 ¢.34 60 Gl, c.30 McM J896 (apert.) 66 44 29 42 -- 13 26 (phragm.) 41 66 34 36.5 59.5 14 30 McM J897 (apert.) 66 40 29 42 — 10.5 24 (phragm. ) 41 70 35 34 SAS 11 25 McM J899 (phragm.) 57 68.5 33.5 34 61 11 29 McM J902 (phragm.) 50 72 38 30 — ex 26 McM ]J916 (apert.) c.95 c.42 €.26.5 c.45 — ena c.20 (phragm. ) 60 67 3505) C5) — 10.5 c.24 Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) cf. D. widebayense, n. sp. VEAL Bi7/- figs. 1-5. Material. —One almost complete somewhat distorted body chamber from USGS 19801 (USNM 160254); one complete speci- men with distorted body chamber from USGS 19862 (USNM 160253); one in same preservation from USGS 21251 (USNM 160255) ; one body chamber from WA 10 at 14-16 m (McM J 931) ; one poorly preserved last whorl from WA II at 20 m (McM J 929) ; one almost complete internal mold from WA 13 at 12-15 m (McM T9272: The recorded six specimens are distinguished from D. wide- bayense by smaller diameter (50-60 mm) and finer costation of the body chamber. This difference could perhaps be explained with ‘stunting,’ the small body chamber retaining the denser costation of the phragmocone of the ‘normal’ D. widebayense with which it agrees in size. When the diameters for phragmocone and _ body chamber are plotted in the frequency distribution for D. (Pseudo- cidoceras) they tend to ‘normalize’ the distribution for D. widebay- ense (Text-fig. 46). ALASKAN AMMONITES, Pr. II]: WESTERMANN 147 Measurements. — Dmm W% H% U% F%* P S USNM 160254 (apert.) c.58 — — — = 15.5 35 (phragm.) 36 64 36 g5n) ae a7 34 a2 20 75 35 40 -- 13 30 USNM 160253 (apert.) 52 48 28 44 — 16 34 (phragm.) 33 67 35 S16rD 6S 16:5" e353 a c.23 _ — — — 14 —_— USNM 160255 (apert.) c.62 _ _— a — — e2Zs (phragm. ) c.35 c.68 c.34 = c.40 — NiGe5mes29 2 24 64.5 33 Sie — 16 e275 McM J927 (c. apert.) 44 53 mn 1 eae Se We 34 (phragm.) 34 69 34 37 — 14.5 33 McM J929 (c. apert.) 50 — — — —_— 12 c.28 McM J931 (apert.) 50 47 31 39 — 14.5 32 (phragm. ) 34 70 35 — — 18 C35 Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras ?) sp. aff. D. widebayense, n. sp. Pl. 36, figs. 2a, D angus Material. — Two slightly damaged almost complete internal molds from scree (McM J 932) and at 16 m of WA 10; at least the first one was associated with D. widebayense. Both specimens are obviously fully mature at 42-46 mm dia- meter; this is about one-half of the mean diameter for D. wide- bayense which they otherwise strongly resemble. They are distin- guished from the small D. cf. widebayense described above by the coarse secondaries of the body chamber. The lateral protrusion at the incomplete peristome of specimen ]932 could be the base of a lappet; however, this could also be the fractured margin of a broad lip. The aperture of specimen J933 was probably simple. Since unusually coarse costation lies within the range of variation for D. widebayense, these two specimens are best classified as ex- treme variants of that species. Measurements.— Dam W% H% U% F% P S McM ]932 (apert.) 46 46559325) 45 = 12 23 (phragm.) 30 70 33 40 —_ 12° e25 McM J933 (apert.) 42. c.48 c.26 37/ —_ c.10 20 (phragm.) 28 71 35.5 36 — 10.5 ¢.24 Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) camachoi Westermann, n. sp. _ Pls. 38-42; Text-figs. 46-49 Holotype. — Pl. 38, figs. a-c; a perfect internal mold with test remains. 148 BULLETIN 255 Repository. —USNM 160256. Locus typicus.— Sea cliff on southeastern shore of Wide Bay, probably U.S. Geology Survey Mesozoic locality 19862. Stratum typicum. — Shales of the upper Kialagvik Formation, probably lower Pseuwdocidoceras zonule. Derivatio nominis.—In honour of Horacio Camacho, Inst. Geologia, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Age and occurrence. — S. sowerbyi Zone, Bajocian, along south- eastern side of Wide Bay; common in and possibly restricted to the lower part of the Pseudocidoceras zonule. Diagnosis. — A large species of D. (Pseudocidoceras) with fine costae becoming obsolete on body chamber. Material. — Two almost complete internal molds, two phragmo- cones and one complete body chamber trom USGS 21251 (USNM 160259) ; one complete internal mold from USGS 19801 (USNM 160257) ; one complete specimen with damaged body chamber, largely with test, from USGS 19863; (? the holotype and) one large body chamber from USGS 19862; two well preserved, one poorly preserved and one incomplete internal mold and ? one almost com- plete specimen from USGS 12405; two almost complete internal molds and one plastercast from CAS 29011 (CAS 13111); three al- most complete internal molds, two body chambers, three fragmen- tary phragmocones and ? one complete somewhat crushed internal mold with test remains from WA 10 at 2-8 m (McM J 918-921, 923, 925, 926); one phragmocone and one fragment from scree of WA 11 (McM J 924); one damaged phragmocone with body chamber from WA 13w (McM J 922). All from the Pseuwdocidoceras zonule of the S. sowerbyi Zone, Kialagvik Formation, Wide Bay. Description and comparison with D. widebayense, n. sp. —The phragmocone is “sub-coronate’” and the whorl section strongly de- pressed lenticular with quasi-midlateral edge throughout, similar to D. widebayense, n. sp. (Text-figs. 46-48) . However, the umbilicus is usually somewhat larger, varying from 35 to 48% of the diameter, and the costation somewhat finer and denser, with 12 to 17 pri- maries and (28) 31 to 48 secondaries (>25 mm D) per halfwhorl. Yet there is considerable overlap with D. widebayense in all these characters. The mature phragmocone is usually 55 to 80 mm in ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 149 diameter with an observed range from 40 to 85 mm, as compared to the commonly smaller phragmocone diameter of D. widebayense (40-60 mm D). The body chamber becomes markedly more evolute while the (absolute) whorl width remains approximately constant; the adult diameter is most commonly 100-115 mm ( vs. 65-80 mm D. in wide- bayense) with an observed range from 80 to 140 mm. The costation weakens on the adult body chamber, in con- trast to D. widebayense (Text-fig. 49). The primaries are some- what denser (11-18 per halfwhorl vs. 10-13) and usually become very blunt, often developing into oblique bullae which at least on the internal mold tend to retract from the umbilical seam. Yet some specimens become almost “‘coronate.” The secondaries of the body chamber are extremely fine and dense, (32) 38-50 per half- whorl [vs. 18-27 (357) in D. widebayense], and may become ob- solete especially ventrally. As in all D. (Psewdocidoceras), primaries and secondaries are strongly prosocline and the secondaries cross the externside either evenly convex or somewhat arched. The section of more or less the last whorl usually becomes slightly to markedly ovate, with the rounded lateral edge moving below mid-flank. The steepness of the inner flank and umbilical slope (or umbilical slope) is increased on the lateral mold, especially if the commonly present umbolateral groove is developed adjacent to the umbilical seam (PI. 39; Pl. 40 fig. la). This groove is inter- preted as the mold of a porous secondary shell layer, possibly orig- inally with much organic substance, facilitating the better attach- ment of the retractor muscles (see also Jordan, 1968) . Septum and suture are identical with D. widebayense. Discussion. — The differences of the often associated D. wide- bayense were given above; however, phragmocones, especially when incomplete, cannot always be identified specifically. D. camachoi bears much resemblance to Docidoceras (Docidoceras) cylindroides Buckman, type species of the genus, which is distinguished in the rectiradiate to weakly prosoradiate ribs and in the less oblique and collared peristome. 150 BULLETIN 255 Measurements. — [*F: flank width, the diameter of the lateral edge] D W% H% U% F%* iE S Holotype (apert.) 100 40 27 45 —_ 13 38 (phragm.) 58 65 36 36 64 15 40 Loc. USGS 12405 (phragm.) 67 72 37.5 34 (57) ag 45 7 c.48 c.83 c.42 c.36 — 13 — USNM 160258 (phragm.) 56 64 34 40 66 17 46 44 67 31 40 _ 15 44 Loc. | USGS 12405 (phragm.) 64/48 69 c.33 — — c.15 48 (phragm.) 43 72 34 42 = 17 c.45 25 74 38 40 a 15 (35-40) Loc. USGS 12405 (body ch.) 56 c.48 31 41 — 13 c.30 (phragm.) 40 75 37.5 Whe = 13.5 ¢.30 USNM 106257 (apert.) 110 42 25.5 46.5 — 11 32 (phragm. ) c.70 c.63 c.30 c.38 — 1-12 E32 a2 55 69 33 40 — 14 — Loc. USGS 19862 (body ch.) 200/135 36 24.5 47 — 12 c.50 obsol. (phragm.) 80 60 c.28 = = Gall c.42 Loc. USGS 19863 (apert.) 91 42 31.5 45 = = (c.35) USNM 160259 (apert.) 115 42.5 30 44 = c.15 c.45 obsol. - (phragm.) 68 63 34 34 59 15 48 ” 52 69 36.5 33 _ 15 as Loc. USGS 21251 (apert.) 105 48.5 SiS 41 _— 12 38 (phragm. ) 66 72 38 38 = Gilg C.36 2 (apert.) 101 +6 27 48 _ 15.5 c.38 (phragm. ) c.67 cwe c.34 c.36 —_— c.15 c.38 ” +0 80 34 38 61 1235 — ”? (phragm.) c.62 c.70 c.32 c.42 — OA 34 (ahrscn ys 76 34 41 68 12 c.31 Loc. USGS 22599 (phragm.) 74 70 34 40 65 12 c.41 Ghtsenouu we 61 Bes 38.5 64 13 ©.38 Loc. CAS 29011 (body ch.) 145 a = 43.5 — e¢17 40-50 obsol Gueeioy 65.32 41 63 13 c.45 ” 51 68 33 40 62 13 46 ” 40 73 35 39 _ 13 39 McM J918 (apert.) 120 c.38 PS 50 _- 12 c.40 Gahiseney 80) osteeicn3 a7 40 ae 13 40 McM J920 (phragm. ) (7/5) c.64 c.32 c.40 — c.13 ese ” 26 73 33 40.5 — 14 32 ¥ 20 73 3255 40 — 12 26 2. 16 W 33 BYRD _— DES — McM ]921 (phragm.) 52 62 33 38.5 63 14 40 2 25 72 32 40 _ 14 29 McM J923 (body ch.) 58 = — _ _- — — (phragm.) 48 66 33 37.5 63 13 34 McM J925 (phragm.) 41 75 36.5 39 —_ (wlZ) c.28 McM 926 (apert.) 80 46 30 c.46 == haga 33 (phragm.) c.40 — me -- — — G32 McM J924 (phragm.) c.48/41 76 38 34 57 14+ 35 McM J922 (body ch.) 62 -- — _ = = = (phragm.) 53 c.68 34 c.42 67 c.15 32 ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 151 Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras ?) cf. D. camachoi, n. sp. Pl. 42, fig. 2 Material. — One complete body chamber, internal mold with part of the phragmocone from CAS 29011 (CAS 13120). Associated with D. camachoi, S. sowerbyi Zone, Kialagvik Formation, Wide Bay. The specimen differs from D. camachoi in the more weakly prosoradiate costae which are retained at almost full strength on the body chamber. This could be a ‘stunted’ variant of D. camachoi which reached adulthood before the ribbing became modified, similar as described from D. cf. widebayense. Measurements. — Sua iG, ee U% Pp S CAS 13120 (apert.) 85 40 26 48 18 40 (phragm.) 50 64 34 c.42 — — Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras), n. sp. indet. A Pl. 36, figs. 4a, b, 5 Material.—One incomplete deformed internal mold with pathological body chamber from USGS 19862 (USNM_ 160252) ; one almost complete internal mold from USGS 12405 (USNM 160251). Associated with D. widebayense and D. camachoi, S. sowerbyi Zone, Kialagvik Formation, Wide Bay. This form is distinguished from D. widebayense, n. sp. and D. camachoi, n.sp., by the smaller diameter, the denser costation, especially regarding the primaries (about 20 primaries on the two last halfwhorls of the phragmocone), and the wider umbilicus (U407;,) ; Docidoceras (?) [? Pseudocidoceras or n. subgen.], n. sp. indet. B_ Pl. 43, figs. la, b; Text.-fig. 50 Material. —One incomplete phragmocone with crushed body chamber, largely with shell, from WA 3 at the base of the amplec- tens zonule (McM J930). Description. —This specimen is typically ‘coronate,’ Telo- ceras-like, at least throughout the last two whorls of the phragmo- cone which are broad and strongly depressed ‘lenticular’ with rounded lateral edge; the inner flank (‘umbilical slope’) and the broad externside are gently and evenly rounded. The widely spaced primaries consist of blunt plications barely reaching the umbilical seam. There are strong mid-lateral spines on the last three 152 BULLETIN 255 Text-fig. 50. — Cross-section of Docido- ceras [ ?Pseudocidoceras or n.subgen.], n. sp. indet. B, incomplete phragmocone, loc. WA 3 at the base of the E. amplec- tens zonule (McM J 930); xX 1. whorls of the phragmocone (9 to 10 per halfwhorl) which, on the inner whorls, are molded into the subsequent umbilical seam. The secondaries are moderately strong, rather dense (40 per halfwhorl) and weakly prosoradiate. The body chamber remains strongly depressed with dominant quasi-midlateral nodes or spines; the inner flanks are smooth, the secondaries become blunt, stronger prosoradiate and, on the in- ternal mold, partly obsolete. ‘The aperture is simple with moderate- ly oblique peristome, slight constriction and weak collar. Affinities. —This specimen may be a strongly ‘coronate’ D. (Pseudocidoceras); however, it is distinguished by the spines, the blunt primaries and the almost rectiradiate secondaries. The body chamber shows close affinities to South American Pseudotoites, and the whole shell resembles P.(?) (n. subgen.) sphaeroceroides (Tornquist) (see Westermann, 1964b, pl. 9, fig. 7); however, the whorls are not ovate and the secondaries stronger and almost straight. This species is probably closely related with the associated D. ? (Pseudocidoceras?) paucinodosum, n. sp. which is distinguished by somewhat smaller, less depressed and less ornate whorls. Measurements. — Dan we H% U% Pp S McM 1]930 (apert.) c.100 _- oa = 9-10 (c.35 obsol.) (phragm.) 54 67 35 41 9 40 ALASKAN AMMONITES, Pr. II]: WESTERMANN 153 Docidoceras? (Pseudocidoceras?) paucinodosum Westermann, n. sp. Pl. 43, figs. 2a, b; Pl. 44, figs. 1, 2; Text-fig. 51 Holotype. — Pl. 43, fig. 2a, b, Text-fig. 51; complete internal mold except for nucleus, slightly deformed. Repository: CAS 13123. Locus typicus.— Southeastern side of Wide Bay, Calif. Acad. Sci. locality 29014 (field no. 108/C.E.L. No. 68). Stratum typicum. —“Dark grey sandstone with basaltic dike”, E. amplectens zonule, upper Kialagvik Formation. Derivatio nominis. — With respect to the widely spaced nodes or spines. Diagnosis. — A species of Docidoceras ? [or Pseudotoites?] with evolute depressed whorls bearing distant reduced blunt primaries, with strong lateral nodes or spines, and dense, straight to weakly prosoradiate blunt secondaries. Material. — The holotype; one partly distorted internal mold and two fragments from scree of WA 5 (McM J934); two almost complete internal molds, somewhat distorted, from subgreywacke of USGS 19828. E. amplectens zonule of the early S. sowerbyi Zone; ? one fragment from the O. sauzei Zone of WA 12 (McM J 1044) [? reworked]. All from the Kialagvik Formation at Wide Bay. Description. — The innermost whorls are not preserved. From approximately 20 mm diameter, the whorls are depressed subellipti- cal or lenticular to slightly ovate in section, often with more or less rounded lateral edge. The umbilicus is wide (35-40°%) , mod- erately deep and subconical. The phragmocone whorls embrace about one-half, the umbilical seam barely touching the lateral nodes. The body chamber occupies approximately one full whorl, egressing especially with the last one-half whorl so that the aper- ture embraces only about one-quarter of the phragmocone. As usual, width growth decreases or ceases with the body chamber. The aperture is simple and moderately oblique, with slight constriction and weak collar or lateral flange. The full diameter is 75-85 mm, a modest size for a macroconchiate Pseudotoites or Docidoceras. The costation of the inner whorls (internal mold) consists of widely spaced (7-9 per halfwhorl) blunt primaries, fading away near the umbilical seam, but ending laterally in strong nodes or 154 BULLETIN 255 Text-fig. 51. — Cross-section of Docido- ceras 2 (Pseudocidoceras ?) paucinodo- sum, n. sp., holotype, with complete body chamber; X 1. spines. There are five to six times as many densely set, straight or somewhat prosoradiate secondaries which arise from and between the lateral nodes and run evenly over the broad externside. On the long body chamber, the primaries of the internal mold become blunt plications and retract from the inner flank (um- bilical slope), or they may become obsolete. The lateral nodes remain strong and usually rounded, more rarely bullae-like; but may weaken at the end. The secondaries usually remain dense becoming blunt to almost obsolete; however, they may again increase markedly in strength and spacing near the end of the body chamber. A weak umbolateral groove may be developed. The septum is bullate with the outer saddle axis being slightly stronger than the inner one. The suture is unknown. Comparison. — The intermediate and outer whorls resemble Docidoceras, especially D. (Pseudocidoceras), in the dimensions and the strength of the lateral nodes/spines. However, the development of blunt primaries, dense secondaries, and prominent nodes especial- ly on the body chamber are strongly reminiscent of South Ameri- can Pseudotoites, such as P. transatlanticus (Tornquist) which it Or ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 15 also resembles in thickness and coiling or P. (?) (n. subgen.) sphaeroceroides (Yornquist) which has similar “coronate” inner whorls. This species is, therefore, intermediate between Docido- ceras and Pseudotoites, and possibly closest affiliated with P. (?) sphaeroceroides which should probably be distinguished as a new subgenus. Measurements. — Diam We H% U% Pp S Holotype (apert.) 80 41 26 45 7 36 (body ch.) 57 53 39 36 7 44 (phragm.) c.43 c.67 37 37 8 — McM J934 (apert.) c.85 CGS C7 c.43.5 8-9 45 (body ch.) c.60 c.44 c.30 c.42 8 c.50 (phragm. ) 35-40 — — _ 8-9 50-60 USNM 160261 (apert.) 75 37 Di c.44 9 45 (begin. body ch.) c.43 c.69 c.37 CY/ c.8 — Subgenus Docidoceras (Trilobiticeras) Buckman, 1919 Docidoceras (Trilobiticeras ?), n. sp. indet. (2) Pl. 44, figs. 4a-c Material.— One complete internal mold with test remains, penultimate halfwhorl deformed, from Shell L 546. Upper Kialag- vik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, associated with D. (Pseudocido- ceras) camachoi, n.sp. Collections of Shell Oil Co., Seattle, Washing- ton. Description. — The small phragmocone of 18 mm diameter is a typical ‘coronate.’ The whorls are strongly depressed, double as wide as broad with sharp lateral edge at about two-fifths whorl height, and widely umbilicate (38%). There are 22 prosoradiate somewhat blunt primaries on the last full whorl which carry lateral tubercules and bifurcate into strong prosoradiate secondaries. Medio-ventrally, the secondaries are markedly arched and tend to flatten and to be slightly off-set. The penultimate whorl (c. 6 mm D), as visible in the conical umbilicus, is similar in shape and orna- mentation. The primaries commence at about 5 mm diameter by extension from the bullae-like lateral nodes. The body chamber is approximately 27 mm in diameter, three- fourths whorls in length, and becomes more evolute and more rounded (W/H c.1.9-1.45). The lateral nodes remain strong while the primaries become obsolete. The secondaries increase rapidly in 156 BULLETIN 255 strength and spacing and pass evenly convex over the externside. The aperture expands laterally into a weak flange with thickened test which, on the internal mold, is separated from the body chamber by a constriction. The collar or flange extends into lateral lappets of which the left one is preserved with 5 mm length. Their accurate original shape is uncertain but consistent with the simple ‘spatulate’ type of Trilobiticeras (Buckman, 1919, pl. 140). The septal suture is incompletely preserved; nevertheless, the two subequal E/L and L/U, saddles of Docidoceras and other Ototidae with bullate septum can be recognized. Affinities. — The phragmocone of this typical microconch can- not be distinguished from inner whorls of the much larger D. (Pseudocidoceras) which abounds in the same bed (compare with PIPAl, fiews> ext-fioss 47-49). This specimen is distinguished from all described species of D. (Trilobiticeras) by the strongly prosoradiate costae with ventrally convex secondaries, and probably by the weaker apertural collar. These are the same features which distinguish the probably cor- responding macroconchs D. (Pseudocidoceras) and D. (Docido- ceras). Suggested sexual dimorphism. — Considering morphology and association, this small specimen is probably the male of D. (Pseudo- cidoceras ). Astounding is the scarcity of this microconch, t.e. a single specimen in a sample of approximately 500 Docidoceras s.s. A num- ber of possible reasons for such numerical miss-matches have been suggested (Westermann, 1964b, p. 36), a combination of which could have caused this strong disproportion. More material is needed to establish clearly the suggested dimorphic relationship and to place this form in a species previously known only from its macroconch (female) . Measurements. — Dmm W% H% U% Pp S Shell L546 = (apert.) C2 c.47 c.31.5 c.41 13 c.25 (phragm.) 18 C.67 Ci, c.34.5 12 26 ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 157 Genus PSEUDOTOITES Spath, 1939 Type species by original designation. — Stephanoceras leicharti Neumayr, 1885, from the early Bajocian (s.s.) Newmarracarra Lime- stone of Western Australia. Only the Australian representatives have previously been re- described and revised (Arkell, 1954; Westermann, 1964b) while the South American species are still poorly known. The Alaskan forms are described for the first time. My search in 1965 for new ma- terial of Pseudotoites in the Andes of Neuquén and Mendoza, Argentina, was successful only with respect to P. singularis (Gott- sche) and P. (Latotoites) evolutum (Tornquist) which occur abundantly just below the Emileia - Otoites - Papilliceras assem- blage of the O. sauzei Zone. No significant new material is avail- able of the somewhat dubious species P. (?) (n. subgen.?) sphaero- ceroides (Tornquist) , P. transatlanticus (Tornquist) , and P. argen- tinus Arkell, all based on single or a few poorly preserved speci- mens and inadequately described. Furthermore, the holotypes of P. sphaeroceroides and P. argentinus had apparently not been re- turned after being lent to the late Dr. W. J. Arkell and were not available for re-examination. Subgenus PSEUDOTOITES (PSEUDOTOITES) Spath, 1939 The following tentative diagnosis is here given for Pseudotoites (Pseudotoites): Large Otoitidae (macroconchs) ; nucleus with sub- circular, rounded ovate or slightly depressed elliptical whorls and reduced primaries which are retracted from the umbilical seam; intermediate whorls inflated-cadicone with depressed strongly ovate section, lateral tubercles or bullae absent or weak; outer one to two whorls becoming more evolute and compressed, ornament with strong lateral nodes and bullae, primaries and often secondaries be- coming obsolete. Costae prosoradiate throughout. Peristome simple and strongly oblique. Pseudotoites (Pseudotoites) cf. P. argentinus Arkell, 1954 Pls. 45, 46, Text-figs. 53-56 Cf. 1954. Pseudotoites argentinus n. sp., Arkell (Australia), Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, B., vol. 237, p. 592, pl. 40, figs. la-c. Material. — One almost complete specimen with damaged body chamber from USGS 19922 (USNM 160262); one partly crushed 158 BULLETIN 255 Un Text-fig. 52 a-c.—JInternal septal su- ture of Pseudotoites sp. indet. from the P. singularis assemblage (S. sowerbyi or basal O. sauzei Zone) of Los Molles (bed 6) in Neuquén, Argentina; magnified. a. at 1.2 mm W, b. at 4 mm W and 2.5 mm H, c. at 4.5 mm W and 3 mm H. Note the secondary Un lobe and the apparently divided U, lobe. Un phragmocone from USGS 12405 (USNM 160263) ; one fragmentary specimen with parts of phragmocone and body chamber from USGS 19862; two phragmocones with parts of body chambers from WA lI3w at c.18 m (McM J935, 936); one phragmocone with be- ginning of body chamber from WA 10 at 11 m (McM J 938). All moderately to well-preserved internal molds with test remains from the Pseudocidoceras zonule of the S. sowerbyi Zone, Kialagvik Formation at Wide Bay. Description. — The whorls are evolute (40-45% U), almost ‘serpenticone’ thoughout, with rounded subcircular to slightly de- pressed ovate section, becoming strongly ovate and often com- pressed on the last whorl and body chamber. ‘The umbilical slope (or inner flank) is only slightly rounded and slopes moderately steep to the umbilical seam situated well outside the lateral nodes of the preceding whorl. The maximum whorl width lies at about one- third whorl height or even lower on the last whorl and close to the umbilical seam on the body chamber. The externside is more or less evenly and highly arched. The costation consists of reduced short prosoradiate primaries, strong lateral nodes or short bullae, and prosoradiate densely spaced blunt secondaries. There are 9-11 blunt primaries per halfwhorl on the inner whorls, only slightly increasing in number on the outer whorls; they arise gradually near the middle of the umbilical slope and retract from the seam finally becoming obsolete or merely minor ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 159 phragm. body ch. P argentinus A rN vA Ptransatlanticus @ ° 7 60% P singularis 0) © P sphoeroceroides @ 0) 50 holotype H W (mm) 30 5O fore) D (mm) Text-fig. 53.— Scatter with growth lines for relative whorl width (‘thick- ness’ = W:D) of Pseudotoites spp. from South America (No. 2: “Emileia aff. singularis Jaw.” = P. cf. transatlanticus) and Wide Bay (serrated lines). Note that the growth rate decreases throughout the phragmocone and body chamber and that separation of species is poor. extensions of the bullae or nodes. There are about four to five times as many fine and blunt secondaries (35-50 per halfwhorl on inner whorls, 45-55 per halfwhorl on outer whorls) which are born from the nodes or bullae by intercalation and cross the externside more or less strongly convex, sometimes with median flattening; they become extremely dense and finally obsolete on the last whorl, including the body chamber. Some blunt, faint and more distant ribs may be developed toward the end of the body chamber. 160 BULLETIN 255 30 50 100 D (mm) Text-fig. 54.— Scatter with growth lines for relative umbilical width (U:D) of Pseudotoites spp. (Same symbols as Text-fig. 53). Note that the growth rate increases throughout the phragmocone and body chamber, and that separation of species is poor. The septum is typically bullate. The suture is highly complex with narrow finger-like endings of all lobes; E, L, Uz and U3 reach a common radius, the E/L saddle is slightly larger than the L/U, saddle, at least on one specimen; the U,/Us; saddle is rather broad but only one-half as high as the L/U, saddle; U; is strongly oblique. Discussion. —In naming this species for ‘Emileia aff. singu- laris Gottsche’ of Jaworski (1926, p. 255, pl. 2, figs. 3a-c), non Gottsche, Arkell (1954, p. 592) nevertheless figured a new speci- ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 161 30 40 50 60 70 W % Text-fig. 55.— Scatter with growth lines for relative umbilical width vs. relative whorl width (U% :W%) of Pseudotoites spp. from South America and Wide Bay (symbols as in Text-fig. 53). The combined parameters for ‘coiling’ and ‘thickness’ illustrate the specific dimensional differences which may or may not be significant. men from Espinazito Pass as the holotype. P. argentinus is said to be “much more evolute and larger than Gottsche’s original’, but neither description nor measurements were given. However, Jawor- ski’s measurement and figures show that the phragmocone of his specimen has much broader whorls than the holotype and that Jaworski’s specimen is indeed closely affiliated with P. transatlanti- cus (Tornquist) (Text-figs. 53,54). The inner whorls of the holo- type are unknown because the umbilicus was not developed. The affinities of the Wide Bay form with P. argentinus, prob- ably known only in the holotype, can only be conjectured. The former is almost certainly more evolute (end phragmocone U c. 42-47%, vs. c. 35%, aperture U 45-50% vs. 39%). Among the Aus- tralian species, P. leicharti is most closely affiliated but dis- tinguished by less evolute whorls with denser primaries and wider spaced secondaries. 162 BULLETIN 255 Measurements. — ran W% H% U% P S USNM 160263 (phragm.) (75) 70 c.41.5 c.30 43 9 45 45 — os —= 10 c.40 USNM 160262 (body ch.) c.102 c.35 — — 10 _ #! 85 40 ZO 48 G5 47 (phragm.) 64 43 31 44.5 10 “= McM J] 935 (body ch.) (c.150) —_ — — — (coarse, blunt) m c.110 ~- — — Cul (60-70) (phragm. ) 62 42 29 43.5 c.13 c.55 2 45 44.5 33.5 38 LIZ e350 ” 26 49 34.5 35 10-11 —_— McM J 936 (phragm. ) 95 C317, 27.5 c.47.5 13-14 c.50 (phragm.) c.48 c.40.5 c.32 c.42 11 c.35 McM J 938 (phragm., end?) 73 c.36 29 42.5 WAS 55 df 55 45.5 34.5 42 11 c.42 Appendix to measurements. — Holotype of P. argentinus (from original figs.) Dmm W% H% U% 1p S (apert.) 98 Gian, G32 39 8 (obsol.) (body ch.) 78 365-0) SRS sera 7 8 . 50555 (phragm. ?) c.60 c.42 c.30 — c.8 — Pseudotoites (Pseudotoites) cf. P. transatlanticus (Tornquist) 1898 Pl. 47, Text-figs. 53-55, 57 (?)1898., Stephanoceras transatlanticum sp. nov., Tornquist, (Espinazito) Palaontol. Abhandl. Jena,, vol. 8, Heft 2, pl. 5, fig. 4. ? 1926, Emileia aff. singularis Gottsche, Jaworski (Mendoza), Actas Acad. Nac. Cienc. Rep. Argentina, vol. 9, p. 255, pl. 2, figs. 3a-c. Material. — One large internal mold with complete body cham- ber, only right side preserved, from USGS 19862 (USNM 160264) ; one crushed phragmocone with incomplete body chamber from USGS 21251. Both from the Pseudocidoceras zonule of the S. sowerbyi Zone, upper Kialagvik Formation of Wide Bay. Description. — The innermost whorls are thick, moderately evolute and depressesd elliptical in section; the intermediate whorls become more widely umbilicate and depressed ovate in section; the last whorl of the phragmocone and the body chamber become in- creasingly strongly evolute and ovate with the maximal width at about one-third to one-fourth whorl height. The body chamber is one and one-fourth whorls long and egresses strongly up to the aperture which barely embraces the venter of the preceding whorl. During the last onehalf whorl, (absolute) whorl height remains ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 163 approximately constant while width appears to contract slightly and gradually. The simple peristome is somewhat oblique and the internal mold has a strong lateral flange following a constriction, probably corresponding to shell thickening. The primaries and especially the secondaries are prosoradiate throughout. The nucleus (20 mm D) has strong primaries which are retracted from the umbilical seam, carry small lateral tubercles, and trifurcate into moderately strong, continuous and typically ‘con- vex’ secondaries. On the intermediate and last whorls, the primaries become increasingly shorter and more blunt, leaving a smooth band besides the umbilical seam, and swell distally until they produce strong bullae; the secondaries become blunt, much denser, weaker, and finally obsolete on the body chamber leaving only broad _ pli- cations. Septum and suture are as in P. cf. argentinus described above; the suture is complex with suspensive umbilical elements. Of special interest is the presence on both specimens of a strong umbolateral groove (here named) adjacent to the umbilical seam, reaching halfway up the inner flank (or umbilical slope) and ex- tending from the end of the phragmocone to the middle of the body chamber where it becomes gradually obscure. A faint trace of this groove is also visible on the inner whorls of the phragmocone. The umbolateral groove contains remnants of a dark porous ma- terial, the surface of which is in continuation with the internal mold of the whorl. Common in the described Docidoceras (Pseudo- cidoceras) from Wide Bay, it is probably related to the attachment of the paired retractor muscle which has been known in this posi- tion from slight impressions and organic remnants in many am- monites since G. C. Crick (1898) and has most recently been dis- cussed by F. W. Jordan (1968). Discussion. — The two specimens differ from P. cf. argentinus apparently only in the broader, more depressed, and slightly more involute whorls. They closely resemble the poorly preserved holo- type (the only known specimen) of the somewhat dubious P. transatlanticus (Tornquist) . The holotype (refigured: Arkell, 1954, p. 592, fig. 13), preserved with slightly more than one exposed whorl, is entirely more or less strongly crushed and its dimensional features can therefore only be conjectured (see table below) . It is 164 BULLETIN 255 a Text-figs. 56 a-b.— Cross-section of Pseudotoites cf. P. argentinus Arkell, S. sowerbyi Zone of Wide Bay; X1. a. Almost complete specimen with damaged body chamber, loc. USGS 19922 (USNM 160262). b. Phragmocone, loc. WA 13 in the Pseudocidoceras zonule (McM J 935). apparent that the probably last whorl of the phragmocone is moderately thick, evolute and depressed ovate in section. The evolute specimen described by Jaworski (1926, pl. 2, fig. 3) as ‘Emileia aff. singularis Gottsche’ and placed by Arkell in P. argentinus, is also close to P. transatlanticus, which, in turn, is intermediate in coiling and whorl sections between P. singularis and P. argentinus, ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II]: WESTERMANN 165 Measurements. — Dmm USNM 160264 — (apert.) 160 (body ch.) 108 (phragm.) 85 2 70 Text-fig. 57. — Cross-section of Pseudo- toites cf. P. transatlanticus (TYornquist), complete on one side only, loc. USGS 19862 in the Pseudocidoceras zonule (USGS 160264); note the umbolateral groove on the body chamber; 1. W% H% U% 12 S c.22 c.29 54 12 obsol. 43 32 46.5 10 c.50 (obsol.) 49.5 —_ 40 9.5 40-50 49 37 36 10 — 56.5 36 34.5 11 _— 65 45 30 9 30 166 BULLETIN 255 Appendix to measurements. — Dmm W% H% U% 12) S Holotype of P. transatlanticus (from plastotype) : (end phragm. body ch.) 68 c.50 Wins) RE: 10 c.50 (phragm.) 60 c.50 33-5 36.5 10 c.50 42 c.48 c.54 C377 en S}5) 10 45-50 ‘Emileia aff. singularis Jaworski’, non Gottsche (from text and figs.) (body ch.) c.80 c.40 c.30 c.40 c.40 c.41 (phragm. ) esp c.65 c.33 c.37 9 c.42 REFERENCES Arkell, W. J. 1933. The Jurassic system in Great Britain. Clarendon Press, Oxford, xii+ 681 pp., 41 pls. 1951. Monograph of the English Bathonian ammonites. Part II, Palaeontogr. Soc., vol. 105, pp. 47-72, pls. 5-8. , and Playford, P. E. 1954. The Bajocian ammonites of Western Australia. Roy. Soc. London, Phil. Trans. ser. B, vol. 237, pp. 547-604, pls. 27-40. 1956. Jurassic geology of the world. Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh-London, 806 pp., +6 pls. in Arkell, W. J., B. 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Zittel, K. A. von 1869. Bemerkungen iiber Phylloceras tatricum Pusch, sp. und einige andere Phylloceras-Arten. Jahrb. K. K. Geol. Reichsanst., vol. 19, pp. 59-68, 1 pl. 72 BULLETIN 255 @ayHa AaMMOHHTOB dopMauxH KuanarsuK y sganuBa Dlnpoxoro (Yayn 6of), monmyocTpos AmAcKa.e Uactb 2a. 380Hna Sonnia sowerbyi Tepx E. I’. BecrepMa@HHe KoOHCNeKT.o Tpanuua Mexzy dhopMauvaMH KuanarBpuKx x llenuKOBa B HaCcTORMee BDeMA Mposemena y OCHOBAHHA KannoBHaHCKOorTO cornmacuva (napaKoH- @opMHocTH); 9TO CormacyeTCcA C OCHOBHHM ONpewereHHeM K HCKIN- yuaeT CHIbHHA rerTepOxXvaHH3Me Soka S. sowerbyi ( cranmaptHaH) cocTOHT u3 HuxHelt wacTH NO KpakHedw mepe TommHHOM Gonee 35 mMetTpoB, coctToAmeft uz nozrpesa- KM, PperBekKH MW aMeBPOTUTOB, Comepxamux HaGop Fudmetoceras amplec- tens [amplectens zonule] u us BepxHew uactu, 50 - 100 merpoxn, coc- TOAMeh HS TNMHHCTHX CNA@HWeB C KOHKPeWMAMM COLepxamuMu HaASop Psc- udocidoceras [Pseudocidoceras zonule]. Yactb HeNMpoUHBIx cmaHUeB uacToO HexbataeT H3-32 COpocoB pa3zena H@X amplectens zonule. Huxenexa= mask 30H& E, howelli oryenena or BepxHeli 30HnH 80 — 100 merpamu OOHAMCHHHX, HeMHX MH MAJOUCCTENOBAHHHX KNACTHUHHX NMODOL; NepeKk= pHBanmad 30Ha O, sauzel ormeneHa Ne€CUaHHKAMH M TAHHACTHM CAH uemMm oOmei MomHOcThY B 110 - 130 MerTpoB. Amplectens zonule janaEudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) amplectens (Buckman), Docidoceras (7), Bradfordia? (Praeopvelia) HM Hebctoxyites uw no- STOMY Gé MWpHypaivsawr B HARHHH S$; sowerbyi 80HY, L.discites NOJ- 3OHY, K CAMbM Hu3aM Oalioca. Sonya Pseudocidoceras BKIWUaeT, BHH- 3y, Sonninia (Euhoploceras), Eudmetoceras klimakomphalum (Vacek) H Doci- doceras Ss. S.y NORTBEDFNaA TAakKXe L, discites MOMSOHY KH BHMe- OOuNb— HHH 9BOTNT Witchellia yxasHBawunk Ha CpemHH HUIK BepXHHH B3O0HY S. sowerbyi. Ammonoidea pasmeneHH Ha: 15 poros, HX OMHOTO HOBOrO; 13 nox- DONMOB — 43 KOTODHX 3 HOBHX [Sonninia (Alaskoceras), Docidoceras (Pseu- docidoceras) ,Pradfordia ? (Praeoppelia]; 30 suzoB - u3 KOTOpHX oT 13 xo 20 HOBHX MH 9 M3 KOTOPHX HA3HHAaNTCA [Partschiceras ellipticun, Pseu- dolioceras costistriatium, Sonninia (Euhoploceras) bifurcata, S. (Alaskoceras) alaskensis, Witchellia sutneroides, Yocidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) widehavense, D. (P.) camachoi, Bradfordia?, (Praeoppelia) oppeliiformis]; u 2 nompuna — [Pseudolioceras mclintocki fastigatum, Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) klima- komphalum discoidale]. OKONO NONOBHMHH POROB KH NOAVOTOB Ammonitina pacnvocTpaHeHH’ mupe uemMm B EBpone. CpomcrBo ux 6onee OnH3KOe C EBponokK uw no TOM c DxHOH AmMepHKow. CpoyetBo c SanazHok TuxooKeaHcKoli o6nac— Tho (SanazHot AscTpanuelt u YunoHesHei!) cmaboe HM MOXHO CUHTATh, UTO OHO MpOXSOMIO KOCBEHHO, uepes EBpony uM xHy» AmepuKy. Bce PORN C ROYrux M2TeCDUXOB H3BECTHH A TOAbKO Pseudotoites NPHYDOeHH MCKINUNTeERBHO K TuxomMy OkeaHy. SBHCOKOe MayHHCTHUeCKOe DAa3HOOO— pasue yxasHBpaer He Gonee uusxyo mupoTy u/“znH Oomee HH3KHE TeMNe- PaTYDH, UeM B HACTOAMeEE BNEMA, UTO TAaXKe NOKABS4HO paCNnpemeneHHeM BUTOB. PLATES 174 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1 Southeast side of Wide Bay, middle part, tele-photograph from the mouth of Short Creek on the other side of the bay. The Kialagvik Formation forms the coastal cliffs and lower slopes, the Shelikof formation the upper slopes and cliffs. The numbers indicate my fossil localities (WA-prescript omitted, cf. Text-figs. 2-3). BuLu. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 2 BuLL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 Jt ~I ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN ] EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2 Bajocian section of the upper Kialagvik Formation at southeast shore of Wide Bay, 1.7 km east of Preston Creek (locs. WA 1 and 4), viewed from the east. The bluff is formed by the massive subgreywackes of the E. amplectens zonule (lower S. sowerbyi Zone); overlain by several meters of deteriorated shale marking a bedding-plane fault zone (F) which has suppressed the shales with concretions of the Pseudocidoceras zonule; the middle of the section con- sists of unfossiliferous interbedded silty shales, sandstones and mudstones bearing a sedimentary dyke (s.d.) in a small steeply dipping fault; at the top are thick-bedded greywacke, subgreywacke siltstones, and mudstones of the Parabigotites zonule (O. sauzei Zone). 176 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 3 Coastal bluff of the E. amplectens zonule (lower S. sowerbyi Zone). Above: 1.2 km east of Preston Creek (Loc. WA 2); massive fossiliferous subgreywacke underlain by poorly fossiliferous interbedded silty shale, mudstone and grey- wacke (cf. Pl. 4). Below: 1.8 km east of Preston Creek (Loc. WA 8); massive fossiliferous subgreywacke truncated by steep fault with basaltic dyke; in the middleground are Bajocian interbedded shales, sandstones, and mudstones with at least most of Pseudocidoceras zonule missing (probably bedding-plane fault above FE. amplectens zonule); in the background are shales, siltstones, and sandstones of the Callovian Shelikof Formation. PLATE 3 BuLu. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 4 i - aE am ay LA » reese y - if 7 sO Aah ; TK Br (4; y PODS alr vii OOP tS AEE , ' . 4 Mi? *! = Ad i, ‘a x . xX Sk -_ es 4 i f L? Mot A EE oa CALA I a PO, ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN IbyA| EXPLANATION OF PLATE 4 Coastal bluff of the E. amflectens zonule (lower S. sowerbyi Zone), Kial- agvik Formation; 1.2 km east of Preston Creek (loc. WA 2 marked by arrow; cf. Pl. 3). Left: Interbedded silty shales, mudstones, and greywackes, below, and massive subgreywacke with fissility due to bedding-plane faulting (cf. Pl. 2), above. Right: Detail of greywacke beds of locality WA 2, graded with sole structures. 178 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 5 Coastal cliff of the Pseudocidoceras zonule (S. sowerbyi Zone), Kialagvik Formation; 2.5 km east of Preston Creek (loc. WA 10; marker bed at 10.5 m indicated); highly fossiliferous beds with calcareous concretions. The over- lying unfossiliferous interbedded silty shales, sandstones, and mudstones, and the greywacke and subgreywacke beds of the O. sauzei Zone are largely cov- ered by vegetation. Above follow the shaley, arenaceous, and partly carbon- aceous and tuffaceous beds of the Callovian Shelikof Formation. PLATE 5 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 3ULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 6 PS Wi TAS ts AYES ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 179 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 6 Detail of the coastal bluff of the lower E. howelli Zone, middle Kialagvik Formation; northwest shore of Wide Bay, near Pass Creek (locs. WB 9-11). Somewhat weathered muddy subgreywacke, above, and mudstone, below, with calcareous concretions containing abundant wood remains and ammonites, par- ticularly Erycitoides howelli (White) and E. (Kialagvtikites) kialagvikensis (White). 180 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 7 Coastal bluff of the upper E. Aowelli Zone, middle Kialagvik Formation; unfossiliferous; west end of northwest shore of Wide Bay. Bedded sandstones overlaid by conglomerate and angular-bedded mudstone, followed by massive subgreywacke. BuLuL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 7 PLATE 8 BuLL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 181 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 8 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page 1,2. Partschiceras ellipticum Westermann, Nn. sp. ............... soso ORE Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. 1la-c. Damaged internal mold, totally septate, from 8 m below top of E. amplectens zonule. Loc. WA 8. McM J 962. 2. Damaged internal mold with septal suture, totally septate, from the Pseudocidoceras zonule. Loc. WA 10 at 2.5m. McM J 1013. 3a-c. Holcophylloceras costisparsum Imlay ...........000000000000...00cee. 40 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. Damaged internal mold with septal suture, totally septate. Loc. USGS 19862. USNM 160921. 4. Phylloceras (Zetoceras) cf. P. zetes (d’Orb.) 00... 36 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Pseudocidoceras zonule. Fragment of phragmocone with septal suture and test remains. Loc. WA 10 at 15m. McM J 1018. 182 Figure la-b. 2, 3a-b. BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 9 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Holcophylloceras costisparsum Imlay 2... Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. Damaged phragmocone with incomplete one-half whorl body chamber, internal mold with test remains. Loc. USGS 21251, USNM 160920. Eytoceras| sp: ate E- eudesianum) (Orb)... Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Pseudocidoceras zonule, Wide Bay. Totally septate, incomplete internal mold. Loe. WA 10, basel 2 m. McM J 1010, 3a-b. Large phragmocone, probably with beginning of body chamber, internal mold with test remains. Loc. WA 10 at 14-16m. McM J 1005. 42 PLATE 9 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VoL. 57 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 10 ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II]: WESTERMANN EXPLANATION OF PLATE 10 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. 183 Figure Page 1-2b. Hebetoxyites sp. aff. H. hebes Buckman ” a Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, E. amplectens zonule, Wide Bay. la-b. Complete specimen with left lappet. Loc. WA 5. McM J 1043. 2a-b. Almost complete specimen. Loc. WA 8 upper part. McM J 1041. 3-6. Bradfordia? (Praeoppelia) oppeliiformis Westermann, n. sp. Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. 3a-c. Phrag- mocone with incomplete crushed body chamber; 3a. inner whorls; 3b. section of phragmocone. Loc. USGS 21252. USNM 160923. 4a-b. Inner whorls of specimen with incomplete body chamber from the E. amplectens zonule. Scree of Loc. WA 5. McM J 1040. 5. Venter of penultimate phragmocone whorl; same specimen as PI. 12, fig. 1. 6. Holotype penultimate phragmocone whorl; see Pl. 11, figs. a-c. 44 48 184 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 11 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page a-c. Bradfordia? (Praeoppelia) oppeliiformis Westermann, n. sp. 48 Kialagvik Formation, (lower ?) S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. Holotype, phragmocone with one-half whorl, incomplete and damaged body chamber. b-c. Ventral views of ultimate and penultimate half-whorls with section. Loc. USGS 19863, USNM 160922 (see Pl. 10, fig. 6). BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PEATE iT BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 12 ALASKAN AMMONITES, Pr. II]: WESTERMANN 185 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 12 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page 1,2. Bradfordia? (Praeoppelia) oppeliiformis Westermann, n. sp. 48 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. 1. Complete phragmocone. Loc. CAS 29011. CAS 13109. (see Pl. 10, fig. 5). 2. Probably complete phragmocone. Loc. UW WA-111 lot 37. UW 13180. 186 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 13 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page 1,2. Pseudolioceras macklintocki fastigatum Westermann, “ns SUDSD& -5.5..o neces eee 52 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. 1a-b. Holo- type, phragmocene with incomplete body chamber. Loc. USGS 21252. USNM 160294. 2. Phragmocone, internal mold. Loc. CAS 29011. CAS 13110. 3-6. Pseudolioceras costistriatum Westermann, Nn. sp. ................... 56 3a-b. Holotype, almost complete internal mold with one-half whorl body chamber, from the upper Pseudocidoceras zonule. Loc. WA 11 at 30m. McM J 1056. 4a-b. Small (?juv.) speci- men, partly with test; 4b detail of 4a, X2. Loc. USGS 19862, USNM 160295. 5. Small (?juv.) specimen with some test, from the Pseudocidoceras zonule. Loc. WA 11 at 30m. McM J 1056a. 6. Fragment of large phragmocone. Same loc. as 5. McM J 1056b. 3 € e PLATE 1 BuLu. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 14 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 187 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 14 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page 1-7. Asthenoceras sp. aff. A. nannodes (Buckman) ¢@ and 9° ....... 61 From a single calcareous concretion of the Kialagvik Formation, Pseudocidoceras zonule, S. sowerbyi Zone, Loc. WA 10 at 11m. la-b. Almost complete microconch; 1b X2. McM J 1037c. 2a-b. Complete microconch with lappet; 2b X2. McM J 1037b. 3a-b. Complete microconch with exfoliated body chamber and base of lappets; 3b X2, McM J 1037a. 4a-b. Incomplete specimen with some test and preserved septal suture, probably septate up to end, macroconch ?; 4b X2. McM J 1036a. 5 a-b. Almost complete macroconch with one-half whorl body cham- ber, internal mold. McM J 1035b. 6. Macroconch with about one-quarter whorl body chamber and test remains. McM J 1035. 7. Macroconch with one-quarter whorl body chamber, internal mold. McM J 1035a. 8,9. Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) klimakomphalum discoidale Westermann, n.SUDSD. .........02.....5.0:.c.cc0seeeeeee-nees 75 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. 8. Paratype, small (?juv.) phragmocone with crushed body chamber, test remains and keel. Loc. USGS 12405, USNM 160928. 9. Phrag- mocone, internal mold. Loc. USGS 12405. USNM 160929. Figure a-b. BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 15 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Eudmetoceras (Eudmetoceras) aff. E. eudmetum BUCKMAN te Le yes Seek E00 ro nk Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. Fully septate internal mold. Loc. USGS 21252, USNM 160926. PLATE 15 BuLL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 16 BuLL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. I]: WESTERMANN 189 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 16 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page 1,2. Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) klimakomphalum discoidale IWESteINaAln sileSIDSON et ett it. teter. cesta at ween ae 75 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. 1a-f. Holo- type, fully septate internal mold; 1c-d, nucleus of same speci- men, X1 and X2; le, ultimate half-whorl removed; 1f, septal suture on ultimate half-whorl, X2. Loc. USGS 12405. USNM 160927. 2. Fragment, probably of the same subspecies, with test showing strongly projected growth lines. Loc. USGS 21251, USNM 160928. 190 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 17 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page la-c. Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) kiimakomphalum discoidale Westermann, Nn. SUDSDP. .........0.........ccccceceeeeeeeeeeee Kialagvik formation, 8S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. Incomplete large phragmocone; 1b, penultimate ‘whorl, partly with pre- served hollow-floored keel. Loc. USGS 19863. USNM 160230. 2a-b. Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) sp. aff. E. nucleospinosum Westermann, © jcsc2. 690. o cic cbex bop Cena aces koe oe ee Kialagvik Formation, 8S. sower byi Zone, Wide Bay. Large phrag- mocone, partly crushed: 2b, inner whorls of same specimen. Loc. USGS 12405. USNM 160231. 75 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 17 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 18 ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II]: WESTERMANN 19] EXPLANATION OF PLATE 18 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page la-b. Cf. Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) iopeoree Hel uin discoidale Westermann, n. subsp. . 75 Kialagvik formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, “Wide. Bay. Incomplete phragmocone with approximately one-quarter whorl body chamber and test showing faint concentric markings and strongly projected growth lines. Loc. 21251. USNM 160232. 2a-b. Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) klimakomphalum discoidale Westermann, n. subsp. 20.0.0... 75 Kialagvik formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. Incomplete large phragmocone. Loc. USGS 19863, USNM 160233. 192 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 19 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure F Page Eudmetoceras (Euvaptetoceras) amplectens (Buckman) ............ 8&3 [var. or ?subsp. ‘aguilonia’ Imlay ] Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, E. amplectens zonule, Wide Bay. Largest specimen, with aperture (D 200mm) ; X 0.75. Loc. WA 8. McM J 968. BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 19 . BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 20 > ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 193 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 20 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page a-c. Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) amplectens (Buckman) ........ 83 [var. or ?subsp. ‘aguilonia’ Imlay] Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerby: Zone, E. amplectens zonule, Wide Bay. a, damaged specimen with aperture, Loc. WA 8 upper part; b-c, part of body chamber removed. 194 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 21 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure 1,2. Eudmetoceras (Euaptetoceras) amplectens (Buckman) ........ 83 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. 1la-d. Fully septate internal mold with test remains; 1d, part of outer whorls removed. Loc. USGS 12405. USNM 160234. 2. Frag- ment with aperture, from E. amplectens beds. Loc. WA 8. McM J 952. 3: Cf. Eudmetoceras. s.J. indet: \[?.¢)) <2..2.0.5.5:-.. 2 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, E. amplectens zonule, Wide Bay. Plasticine cast of natural mold. Loc. WA 8 lower part. McM J 958. 90 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 21 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 22 ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. I]: WESTERMANN 195 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 22 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page Go fit arn) ee ee ek a, x» £90 Wide Bay. Large specimen with aperture (D 195mm); a, >< 0.7; b, last half-whorl of body chamber and part of phrag- mocone removed, X 1. Loc. USGS 21251. USNM 160235. 196 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 23 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page 1-2. Sonninia (Euhoploceras) bifurcata Westermann, n. sp. ............ 94 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. 1a-b. Holo- type, phragmocone with one-quarter whorl of somewhat crushed body chamber, internal mold. Loc. USGS 12405. USNM 160236. 2. Body chamber fragment, slightly crushed, Loc. USGS 19869. USNM_ 160237. 3a-b. Inner whorls of spinose variant; 3b, ultimate one-quarter whorl removed. Loc. USGS 12405. USNM 160238. PLATE 23 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 24 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 197 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 24 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page 1-2. Sonninia (Euhoploceras) bifurcata Westermann, n. sp. ............ 94 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. 1a-c. Phrag- mocone with beginning of body chamber, compressed and weakly ornate variant. Loc. USGS 12405. USNM 160240. 2. Incomplete phragmocone with one-half whorl of body cham- ber, spinose variant. Loc. USGS 19869. USNM 160240. 198 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 25 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Page Figure 1-2. Sonninia (Evhoploceras) bifurcata Westermann, n. sp. ............ 94 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Pseudocidoceras zonule, Wide Bay. la-b. Large body chamber fragment with weak secondaries, internal mold. Loc. WA 15 at 10m. McM J 1049. 2. Incomplete phragmocone with somewhat crushed body chamber fragment. Loc. USGS 19869. USNM 160242. BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 25 BuLL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 26 ALASKAN AMMONITES, Pr, II: WESTERMANN 199 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 26 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page 1-2. Sonninia (Euhoploceras) bifurcata Westermann, n. sp. ........ 94 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. 1. Phrag- mocone with one-half whorl of body chamber, terminally deformed; average form, from the Pseudocidoceras zonule. Loc. WA 10. McM J 975. 2. Phragmocone with one-half whorl of somewhat crushed body chamber; average form. Loc. USGS 12405. USNM 160241. Figure BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 27 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. 1. Sonninia; (Evuhoploceras 2?) sp. indet 22... ee Incomplete phragmocone, from E. amplectens zonule, S. sowerbyi Zone, Kialagvik Formation. Loc. WA 8, Wide Bay, McM J 959a. 2-7b. Sonninia (Alaskoceras) alaskensis Westermann, n. sp. ............ 103 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Pseudocidoceras zonule (+subjacent shales), Wide Bay. 2. Internal mold of phrag- mocone. Loc. WA 13w, McM J 1023a. 3a-c. Holotype, phrag- mocone with some test and hollow-floored spines developed from the surrounding matrix, from scree of the Pseudocido- ceras zonule; 3c, ultimate half-whorl removed. Loc. WA 10. McM J 1021. 4. Inner whorls of phragmocone, internal mold, Loc. WA 15 at 22m. McM J 1024. 5. Almost complete internal mold with test and sockets of hollow-floored spines. Scree of Loc. WA 10. McM J 1020. 6a-b. Nucleus of phragmocone, partly with test; 6b X 2. Loc. WA 10. McM J 1021a. 7a-b. Parts of large phragmocone with hollow-floored spines de- veloped from surrounding matrix, ventral views. Loc. WA 15 at 3m. McM J 1027. BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 27 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 " ots SRT ates ee “a ALASKAN AMMONITES, Pr. II: WESTERMANN 201 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 28 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page 1-2b. Witchellia sutneroides Westermann, n. SD yk: eee 116 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. la-c. Holo- type, phragmocone with test remains. Loc. USGS 21251. USNM 160243. 2a-b. Almost complete internal mold with one- half whorl of body chamber, compressed, involute and weakly ornate variant; 2b, penultimate whorl. Loc. USGS 12405. USNM 160255. 202 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 29 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page 1-2. Witchellia sutneroides Westermann, Nn. Sp. ...............0..00000. 116 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, (upper) Pseudocido- ceras zonule, Wide Bay. la-b. Incomplete phragmocone. Loc. WA 10 at 14-16m. McM J 949. 2. Hollow-floored keel, partly broken, on beginning of body chamber, with conellae-like substance on keel floor, X 3. Loc. WA 10 at 13-14m. McM J 943. 3a-b. Witchellia cf. W. sutneroides Westermann, Nn. sp. .................. 116 Incomplete internal mold with one-half whorl of body chamber. S. sowerbyi Zone, Kialagvik formation, Wide Bay. Loc. USGS 19868. USNM 160247. BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 29 PLATE 30 57 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL Tr “ey ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WrsTERMANN 203 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 30 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure 1-3b. Witchellia sutneroides Westermann, n. sp. Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. 1a-b. Large body chamber fragment. Scree of Loc. WA 13. McM J 950. 2a-b. Immature (or microchonchate ?) specimen with one-half whorl of body chamber. Loc. USGS 19922. USNM 160246. 3a-b. Immature (?) specimen with one-quarter whorl of body chamber. Loc. 12405. USNM 160347. 204 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 31 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page a-c. Witchellia sutneroides Westermann, n. sp. oe. 116 Kialagvik Formation,, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. Largest phragmocone, with apparent shell duplication (see Text-fig. 38), X 0.9; b-c, the single photograph has been cut because of space limitation. Loc. USGS 21251. USNM 160248. PLATE 31 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 382 ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 205 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 32 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page 1-2b. Pelekodites cf. P. pelekus Buckman .......... 126 Kialagvik Formation, §. sowerbyi Zone, Pseudocidoceras zonule, Wide Bay. la-b. Complete specimen with test and lappet; 1b X2 Loc. WA 10 at 11m. McM J 1028b. 2a-b. Same preser- vation and loc. as fig. 1; 2b X 2. McM J 1028a. 3-4b. Pelekodites (Spatulites ?) n. sp. aff. P. spatians (Buckman) .. 127 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, upper Pseudocidoceras zonule, Wide Bay. 3. Incomplete specimen with apparently adult body chamber. Loc. WA 11 at 32m. McM J 1294. 4a-b. Somewhat crushed phragmocone with part of body chamber including aperture with lappet. WA 11 at 22m. McM J 939. 5a-c. Docidoceras (Docidoceras ?) sp. aff. D. longalyvum (WiACE Is) ibeere erent: cov, ST tite gehen tery «amet en Bh Ook BIO | 134 Phragmocone with incomplete body chamber; 5a-b, inner whorls of fig. 5c (same specimen PI. 33, figs. a- -b). 206 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 33 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page a-b. Docidoceras (Docidoceras ?) sp. aff. D. longalvum CViACOKS) Gene at ee ie Pe cos cl i ee ee ene 134 zonule, Wide Bay. Internal mold of phragmocone and part of body chamber; b, enlarged (X 3) upper right sector of fig. a, showing umbolateral groove and porous filling material. (Inner whorls and ventral views of same specimen on PI, 32, figs. 5a-c). Loc. WA 10 at 8m. McM J 937. PLATE 33 Ol ONT., VOL BULL. AMER. PALE PLATE 384 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 207 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 34 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page 1-3c. Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) widebayense WESTCLIN ANTE TISS Da ett eos. seer mot dk haces binoeties cotpnoseomenat ~ easy Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Pseudocidoceras zonule, Wide Bay. la-d. Holotype, complete internal mold; 1c, body chamber removed. Loc. USGS 21252. USNM 160239. 2. Septum near end of phragmocone. Loc. WA 13 at 13-16m. McM J 899. 3a-c. Complete internal mold except for aperture; 3c-d, last 1 1/2 whorls removed. Loc. WA 13 at 13-16m. McM J 897. 208 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 35 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page 1-2d. Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) widebayense Westermann: \n:./Sp. ..ac oe ee eee 137 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Pseudocidoceras zonule, Wide Bay. la-b. Almost complete internal mold with aperture. Loc. WA 10 at 1lm. McM J 917. 2a-d. Complete internal mold with aperture; 2c-d, body chamber removed. Loc. WA 13 at 9m. McM J 896. ULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 35 BuLuL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 36 ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 209 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 36 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page la-b. Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) widebayense WV ESCCMMamMins Ss (SDs. he. ceenssctesescste ccs coees tout : = 137 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, (lower) Pseudocido- ceras Zonule, Wide Bay. Complete internal mold except for aperture. Loc. USGS 19862. USNM 16025. 2,3. Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras ?) sp. aff. D. widebayense Wiestermanntens-Sp. [eGa walle cetccd tes oe a desenscates ces oilseeeey, 147 Kialagvik Formation, §. sowerbyi Zone, Pseudocidoceras zonule, Wide Bay. 2a-b. Damaged small internal mold with some test remains and aperture. Loc. WA 10 at 6m. McM J 933. 3. Damaged small internal mold with aperture, possibly with lateral lappet. Scree of loc. WA 10. McM J 932. 4,5. Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) n. sp. indet. A... 151 Kialagvik Formation, S sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. 4a-b. Dam- aged phragmocone and body chamber with aperture. Loc. USGS 12405. USNM 160251. 5. Somewhat crushed specimen with pathological body chamber fragment. Loc. USGS 19862. USNM 160252. Figure BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 37 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. 1-5. Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) cf. D. widebayense Westermann, n. sp. Kialagvik Formation, 8. sowerbyi Zone, Pseudocidoceras zonule, Wide Bay. la-b. Almost complete internal mold with test remains on phragmocone, with aperture. Loc. WA 13 at 13-16m. McM J 928. 2a-b. Almost complete internal mold with one-half whorl of body chamber. Loc. WA 13 at 13- 16m. McM J 927. 3a-b. complete, slightly damaged internal mold. Loc. USGS 19862. USNM 160253. 4a-b. Phragmocone with crushed body chamber and aperture. Loc. USGS 19801, USNM 160255. 5. Phragmocone with crushed body chamber and aperture. Loc. USGS 21252, USNM 160255. PLATE 37 BuLL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 388 BuLL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 ALASKAN AMMONITES, Pr. II: WESTERMANN Zt EXPLANATION OF PLATE 38 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page a-c. Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) camachoi WIESLEEMIAN Mie SDs. ery cte. cee scl tinaectee ee eee 147 complete internal mold with test remains. Probably loc. USGS 19862. USNM 160256. 212 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 39 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page a-b. Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) camachoi Westermann mn: Spi) 28.5 eee ee 147 Kialagvik Formation, S. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. Complete internal mold with minor test remains and umbolateral groove with ‘porous material.’ Loc. USGS 19801, USNM 160257. 39 € t PLATE BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 40 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 ALASKAN AMMONITES, PT. II: WESTERMANN 213 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 40 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page 1-3b. Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) camachoi WESTERMAN: NASPs. <..5.c6c2.5-0sthee eet sexes aee ane 147 Kialagvik Formation, §. sowerbyi Zone, Wide Bay. 1a-b. Almost complete internal mold with pronounced umbolateral groove (on both sides), partly filled with ‘porous material’ and bridged by the shell. Loc. CAS 29011. CAS 13111. 2a-b. In- ternal mold of average phragmocone, Loc. USGS 12405, USNM 160258. 3a-b. Nucleus of phragmocone from _ the Pseudocidoceras zonule. Loc. WA 10 at 6-7.7m. McM J 921. 214 BULLETIN 255 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 41 Natural size if not otherwise indicated. Figure Page 1-2. Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) camachoi Westermann somes SPs) ois. se sacred cae Onan ee 147 Kialagvik Formation, 8. sowerbyi Zone, Pseudocidoceras zonule, Wide Bay. la-b. Complete specimen except for aperture, phragmocone with test; 1b, cross section of phragmocone. Loc. USGS 21251. USNM 160259. 2. Relatively small, incom- plete internal mold with test remains and weak umbolateral groove. Loc. WA 10 at 1.8m. McM J 923. 3a-b. Docidoceras (Pseudocidoceras) cf. D. camachoi Westermann: f %5 we . ; x . i ‘ ev ¢ ‘ - » * i 4! ‘ ' dare ‘ A \Gs* Fey \ v We at ef (= . a pve ‘ m ; 1 ’ ‘ ils Bi! > i ’ wir ' Ps its ® . j P hey Ne . sate) ji ath x ' 4 — a a " g re " ‘ ma, ale } se ee i j 7 ate - Lf ’ i “5 in oF J * ay — see ay 1 ears iy ; ( oem 6 NEW MIDDLE JURASSIC AMMONITINA FROM NEW GUINEA G. E. G. WESTERMANN AND T. A. GETTY ABSTRACT The Lower Bajocian to Middle Callovian Ammonitina of an unlocalized collection from the Kemaboe Valley of West Irian (formerly West or Dutch New Guinea) is described; several uppermost Jurassic to basal Cretaceous ammonite species of the same collection are recorded only. Most of the species and genera are either new to the Indo-Malayan Archipelago or have previously been wrongly classified. Docidoceras s.s., Stephanoceras s.s., Bullatimorphites (Treptoceras), and Cobbanites (?) are new to the entire Southeast Asia-Aus- tralia area. The Lower Bajocian (Sonninia sowerbyi Zone) is clearly indicated by the Mediterranean Docidoceras (Docidoceras) longaluum (Vacek) showing close affinity to the Anatolian subspecies D. limatum (Pompeckj), and by Fontann- esia sp. with affinity to the West Australian F. clarkei (Crick) and possibly be- ing identical with ‘Grammoceras’ kiliani (Kruizinga) from the Sula Islands in the Moluccas. Middle Bajocian is represented by the almost cosmopolitan Stephanoceras ex gr. S. humphriesianum (Sowerby) and by the probably en- demic species S. (Stemmatoceras?) etheridgei (Gerth), possibly present in both dimorphs. The presence of Bullatimorphites (Treptoceras) aff. B. uhligi (Popovici-Hatzeg) and (?)Cobbanites aff. C. engleri (Frebold) suggests Upper Bathonian age or Lower Callovian age, and affinities with Europe-Western Asia and the northern Cordilleras respectively. Early Middle Callovian is clearly indicated by the ‘Indic’ Subkossmatia and Eucycloceras (?). Curiously enough, the usually ubiquitous Macrocephalites s.l. assemblage of the Lower Callovian is missing. The unnamed new subgenus of Bullatimorphites ?, including B. costidensus, n. sp., and the associated Jrianites, n. gen., based on the much discussed ‘Coeloceras’ moermanni Kruizinga from the Sula Islands, are probably Callo- vian and possibly Middle Callovian in age; it is suggested that Bullatimor- phites ? (n. subgen.) is phylogenetically intermediate between true Bullatimor- phites (Middle Bathonian to Lower Callovian) and the eucycloceratids, par- ticularly Subkossmatia (Middle Callovian). The family Macrocephalitidae as defined in the ‘Treatise,’ by the same token, would then be of polyphyletic origin, including the macrocephalitids proper which evolved from sphaero- ceratids, as well as the eucycloceratids. The Eucycloceratidae Spath are, there- fore, provisionally again separated, at least at the subfamily level. The previous finds of Bajocian to Callovian Ammonitina in New Guinea and the Indonesian archipelago are re-examined. INTRODUCTION Like all previous ammonite collections from New Guinea, the fossils under study were obtained ex sitw from stream bed and river bed pebbles of more or less worn and broken concretions. Consequently, no stratigraphic evidence is available; however, one important faunal association is known: a single fragment of a con- cretion contained TIrianites cf. I. moermanni (Kruizinga) and Bullatimorphites 2? (Treptoceras ?) costidensus, n. sp. Unfortun- ately, the other fossils before reaching us had already been removed from the concretions and segregated without indicating associa- BULLETIN 256 232 ‘pusg AlojeAIasqg ‘OT ‘Ad10H puR[YyIIS 6 “UIWIOFI[aT, *8 ‘raATy yidag "2 ‘IaATY loreweIy “9 ‘(UlaIaYy paqiiosap fa[suvjoa1 youlq) Aa[eA aoqeulay *s ‘Aeg YUIA[aAD) YINOS “fF ‘IsapurAA ‘E ‘pue[sy Uodiaquiaoy *Z ‘1AATYy HOMIE AA “[ “BAUIND) MAN UT Says Surjoajoo ayuowwe oisseinf [edroursd sur -Moys ‘BIUIND MAN Ula}S9M PUE BISIUOPU] Usa}sea Jo dew xapuy — ‘| ‘SIf-}xa T, VANINS MAN C 14 1LOu Se i vNaqwve f* of 0 41ND wanidDvW J ” wana? 9% ca P. NvIMl LSAM Sagas Ava ANIATIION /E aes See i 6 a joosin SZ ‘siwins OW 3d =dOWIIDOA Pas ® . (Oe Shy, ais ea Cw VYSHVNIVH NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 233 tions. Nevertheless, this collection of largely new or hitherto ob- scure forms from the important but little known southeast Asian archipelago is judged worthwhile to be published. The ammonites described herein represent the majority of a collection made in the course of an ethnological expedition by Dr. C.C.F.M. Le Roux during 1939-1940 to the region of the Kemaboe Valley in the Cen- tral Ranges of central West Irian (formerly West New Guinea or Netherlands New Guinea) (Text-figs. 1,2). Probably all of the fossils were obtained along the bed of the Iwaboe River, a left tributary of the Kemaboe entering about four kilometers below Zanepa. The complete collection, permanently stored at the Rijks- museum van Geologie en Mineralogie (R.G.M.) in Leiden, The Netherlands, comprises approximately 270 ammonites, many frag- mentary, of which more than 200 were sent to us and the remainder briefly studied in the Leiden collections. All are preserved in black calcareous mudstone containing variable amounts of free calcite and disseminated pyrite, together with some silica, in a matrix of the same material. This mode of preservation was noted by Boehm (1913) in ammonites from Windesi, northern Lenggeroe area (Text-fig. 1, loc. 3) but with the difference that the silica was a more prominent constituent of the concretions. The state of preservation of the material is good although in some cases the inner whorls have been crushed on one side or, more rarely, destroyed. Some whorls have been partly crushed and a few have been compressed dorso-ventrally. Exposed whorls have also suffered from transportation. In August 1968, G. Westermann studied the main Jurassic ammonite collections from Indonesia (including West Irian) dur- ing a brief visit to the following institutions in The Netherlands: Rijksmuseum van Geologie en Mineralogie, Leiden; Mineralogical and Geological Museum, University, Delft; Geological Institute, University, Amsterdam; and the Royal Shell Exploration Produc- tion Laboratory in Rijswijk near Den Haag. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS For the loan of the collection and of several holotypes we thank Miss G. E. de Groot and Mr. W. U. Boon van Strein of the Rijksmuseum van Geologie en Mineralogie in Leiden. For their 234 BULLETIN 256 ina New Guinea Limestone Group & Kembelangan sandstones & ? slates : Eg sandy shales phyllites Formation +4] Intrusions Bs Dip 7a ‘Faults Text-fig. 2. — Geotectonic map of the Kemaboe Valley area (after Visser and Herbes, 1962). The limestones belong to the New Guinea Limestone; the sand- stones to sandy shales and slates and phyllites belong to the Kembelangan Formation. help during the visit of G. Westermann, we also thank Mr. Schuif of the Museum van Mineralogie en Geologie in Delft, Professors J. J. Hermes and H. J. MacGillavry of the Geologisch Instituut, University of Amsterdam, and Dr. R. Lagaaij from the Bataafsche Internationale Petroleum Mactzscappij N. V. in Rijswijk. Dr. M. van den Boogaard of the Geological Institute Amsterdam fur- nished photographs of type specimens. Comparative fossil material and plastotypes were made available by Dr. J. Sornay, Muséum NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 235 National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, Drs. D. McLaren and H. Fre- bold of the Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, and Dr. R. Jordan of the Niedersachsisches Landesamt fiir Bodenforschung, Hannover, Germany. Important discussions were contributed by Dr. J. Callomon from the University of London and Drs. R. Enay and C, A. Mangold from the University of Lyon. This project was supported by a grant of the National Research Council of Canada. SERATIGRAPHY OF THE KEMABOE VALLEY AREA Although forming one of the major east-west valleys in cen- tral New Guinea, the Kemaboe Valley (Text-fig. 2) has remained poorly known, largely because of the surrounding rugged terrain and dense forests; it is not shown on the geological map of Indon- esia prepared by the Direktorat Geologi Indonesia and published by the United States Geological Survey in 1965 but on the maps published by the Netherland Nieuw Guinea Petroloeum Maat- schappij (referred to hereafter as the N.N.G.P.M.) (Visser and Hermes, 1962). The lower course of the Kemaboe is unknown, but it is presumed to enter one of the tributaries of the Waipoga, which empties into the eastern side of Geelvink Bay. According to Visser and Hermes (1962), the thick, coarse and fine clastics with minor carbonate are placed in the Kembelangan Formation, comprising Jurassic and Cretaceous, which is most fully developed in the Lenggeroe area southwest of Geelvink Bay (Text-fig. 1). Here it comprises the ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’, and ‘D’ members with ‘B’, ‘C’, and ‘D’ forming a sequence in an upward succession of which ‘A’ is, at least partly, the lateral equivalent. The ‘A’ and ‘C’ members are predominantly argillaceous, while the ‘B’ and ‘D’ members are predominantly arenaceous. The ‘B’, ‘C’ and ‘D’ members are restricted to the southwestern Lenggeroe area west of the Jakarti Fault Zone, while the ‘A’ member occurs only east of it. The ‘A’ member consists of about 1200 m shales and mud- stones, with intercalated limestone bands and massive limestones at the base, but becomes progressively metamorphosed eastward passing into schists and phyllites. Fossils are not common at the type locality (Nanggoebi Valley), but along the strike, both to the north and south, concretions derived from this member have yielded numerous ammonites indicating Bajocian, Bathonian ?, Callovian, and Tithonian (Boehm, 1913; Visser and Hermes, 236 BULLETIN 256 1962). North of the Lenggeroe area the ‘A’ member is overlain with apparent disconformity or, more probably, with fault contact, by the pelagic limestones of the Upper Cretaceous Imskim Formation, ap- parently suppressing the upper part of the ‘A’ member. This was supported by the discovery of Lower Cretaceous ammonites in the ‘A’ member in the Central Ranges by Gerth (1965). The ‘B’, ‘C’, and ‘D’ members were originally described from a well at Etna Bay where ‘B’ consists of approximately 600 m sandstone, becom- ing argillaceous above and overlying the nonmarine Tipoema For- mation. The lower part is of Upper Bajocian to Lower Oxfordian age [based on Grammatodon virgatus (J. de C. Sowerby) ] and has been correlated with the ‘A’ member while the upper argillaceous sandstones, the ‘B’ member proper, contains Lower Cretaceous Foraminifera. The superposed ‘C’ member consists of approximately 700 m grey shales and silty shales, with thin sandstones. The foramini- feral fauna indicates Lower Cretaceous, below, and Upper Cre- taceous, above. The overlying ‘D’ member is another sandstone unit, about 150 m thick, also containing Upper Cretaceous Foraminifera, which is overlain by Cenozoic limestones, but may locally reach upward into the Cenozoic. The ‘A’ member is, therefore, the eastern equivalent of at least most of the ‘B’ member. Outside the Lenggeroe area, the Kembelangan Formation has only been divided into the argillaceous-arenaceous undifferentiated ‘BCD’ members bearing Jurassic ammonites, and the argillaceous ‘A’ member, also bearing Jurassic fossils. The consistently more southward location of the arenaceous facies suggests a southern source of the clastics. Both facies of the Kembelangan Formation are developed in the Kemaboe Valley area. The ‘A’ member consists of more than 1000 m intensely folded soft black slates and phyllitic slates, with intercalations of black marly limestones, silty sandstones and ortho- quartzites; the base is unknown. The beds show a progressive in- crease in metamorphism to the north and northwest, while to the south they are overlain, apparently partly with fault contact and partly with disconformity, by the sandstones and sandy shales of the undifferentiated ‘BCD’ members. Southwest of the Kemaboe TABLE I — Westermann | 7 —ao Etheridge, 1890 Boehm, 1913 Gerth, 1927 Visser & Hermes, 1962 Westermann & Gett (Strickland River; loc. 10) (W. Lenggeroe; loc. 3) (?Vogelkop Peni.; loc. 1) (Roemberpon I. & Lenggeroe; loc. 2,4) (Keniaboe Valleys ae 5) = =? ae Subkussmalia obscura packer Chap Pl. V, fig. 2 — ee De ts a ee Ns ai ae a eet toe TR = ies a S.(?) — ?PI. III, fig. 4+; Pl. IV, fig. 4. M. ?Eucycloceras intermedium Spath — Pl. IV, fig. 3 CALLOVIAN Idiocycloceras ?—PI. IV, figs. 2,3 : ; : Subkossmatia obscura boehmi n.subsp. ? Idiocycloceras cf. I. bifurcatum (Boehm) — fig. 30 > (?)Eucycloceras intermedium Spath MH =a. , > aii a RT Sp Se ae | Trianites moermanni (Kruiz.) 6 — fig. 24 -|| | Irianites moermanni (Kruiz.) @ & (?) 2 = Macrocephalites (‘Dolikephalites') ' . fe die 3 3 : L.|| Macracephalites (‘Kamptocephalites’) cf. M. keeuwensis Boehm 4 —PI. IV, fig. 1, 1M. (‘Dolikephalites'?) keeuwensis Boehm — fig. 28 Bullatimorphites (Treptoceras) aff. B. uhligi (Pop. - Hatz.) etheridgei Spath ¢ —fig. + ?5; Pl. V, ?fig. 1 ; M. (‘Pleurocephalites 2) sp. — fig. 31 B. (?) (T.?) aff. B. microstoma (d’Orb.) 6 M. (‘Dolikephalites’) flexuosus Spath (4 ?) Holcophylloceras mamapiricum (Boehm) — PI. I, fig. 3 , (2) Mt. (‘Kamptocephalites’) sp. — figs. 26,33,34,?19 ' é i (r- 4 costidensus, n.sp. —fig. 5 1 '|B. ? (T. ?)msp. A o F4 “ \ B. ? msp. 2 — - — E : ? ? 1( >) cobbanites aff. C. engleri (Frebold) BATHONIAN [?Tulites godohensis (Boehm) — p. 10] Bullatimorphites (Treptoceras) aff. B. uhligi (Pop.- Hatz.) @ —p. 226 See _—_ Cadomites? ex. gr. C.-rectelobatus (Hauer) — p. 10] —- —— U. Chondroceras? (Praetulites) kruizingai Westermann — Pl. I, fig. 3 me M.|| Stephanoceras s.l.— fig. 2 Stephanoceras s.l.— PI. V, fig. 4 S. (Stemmatoceras) etheridgei (Gerth) Stephanoceras (Teloceras) cf. 8. itinsac (McLearn) 9 — fig. 20 Stephanoceras (Stephanoceras) aff. §. humphriesianum w.) BAJOCIAN 9 —PI. 36, fig. 1 S. (Stemmatoceras) cf. S. etheridgei (Gerth) 9 —figs. 16,19 (2)S. (Stemmatoceras) etheridgei (Gerth) 2 & ? 4 tgailes S. (Stemmatoceras) cf. 8. palliseri (McLearn) 9 “Ttinsaites” aff. mackenzii McLearn 3 “Ttinsaites” cf. itinsae McLearn 6 — fig. 25 (ss.) — Pl. 3, fig. 2, Text-fig. 3 — P36, fig. 2 S. (Stemmatoceras) cf. 8. frechi (Renz) 9 — fig. 21 Chondroceras (Defonticeras?) bochmi Westermann — PI. 2, fig. 4 S. (Stephanoceras) sp. — fig. 22 —_—| — = — et — = os SS — at Fg es —s, ee a ee —— — ae £23. SS. —— = i Pseudotoites (Latotoites) cf. P. woodwardi (Crick) — fig. 17 Docidoceras (Docidoceras) longalwum cf. limatum (Por Pseudotoites sp.— fig. 18 Fontannesia aff. F. clarkei (Crick) [subsp. &iliant (Kruz ——————__ is NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 237 Valley (near Wissel Lakes) this arenaceous unit contains Upper Cretaceous Foraminifera. As in the Lenggeroe area, incompetent upper ‘A’ beds appear to have been tectonically suppressed, both facies are separated by a fault zone (here the North Paniai Fault Zone) , and the more argillaceous beds to the northeast are thicker than the arenaceous beds to the southwest. There would seem to be a possibility that the depositional environment of the Kembel- angan Formation was tectonically controlled during Jurassic and Cretaceous times. PALEONTOLOGY PREVIOUS LITERATURE ON BAJOCIAN-CALLOVIAN AMMONITES Jurassic ammonites have been recorded and figured from a number of localities in western and central New Guinea (Text- fig. 1). ‘The literature was reviewed particularly by Arkell (1956) and Visser and Hermes (1962), and a revised account of most specimens figured up to date from the Bajocian to Callovian is given here in table form (Table 1). The important early descrip- tions by Etheridge (1890) and especially by Boehm (1913) were taxonomically revised by Spath (1928) in the course of his work on the ammonites of Kutch, India, and by Westermann (1956 a,b). The Bajocian to Callovian ammonites figured give good evi- dence for only the earlier Callovian and Middle Bajocian (s.s.), because Boehm’s figured fragment of a ‘Stephanoceras daubenyi” (pl. 3, fig. 1) cannot be clearly identified with Cadomites sp. How- ever, the subgenus Chondroceras? (Praetulites) Westermann which was based on “Sphaeroceras godohense Boehm” Kruizinga, non Boehm, from the Sula Islands and New Guinea, has recently been described from the Upper Bajocian P. parkinsoni Zone of the Venetian Alps (Sturani, 1964 a,b). The holotype of Stephanoceras (Stemmatoceras?) etheridget Gerth (1927) is here refigured (Text- fig. 8). The fragment figured under the same name (op. cit., fig. 2), however, is a microconchiate Stephanoceras s.l., probably of the subgenus Itinsaites. Gerth’s (p. 226) “Sphaeroceras cf. bullatwm d’Orb.”, which is here figured (Text-fig. 10), is close to the Euro- pean Bullatimorphites (Treptoceras) uhligi (Popovici-Hatzeg) . The small collection of ammonites recorded but not figured by Martin (1911; see also Visser and Hermes, 1962, p. 54) was re- studied in the Rijksmuseum of Leiden. The “Quenstedtoceras?” 238 BULLETIN 256 (p. 97) from the Digoel River (st. 12117) is probably a macro- cephalitid and the “Macrocephalites?” from B-River (p. 95), a Bullatimorphites? macroconch. Schliiter’s (1929) collection from the Sepik River (loc. 7) contained the early Callovian ‘“‘Macro- cephalites keeuwensis y’ Boehm besides the more abundant Upper Jurassic ammonites. Arkell and Donovan, respectively identified (in Visser and Hermes, 1962) a smaller collection from Roember- pon Island (Text-fig. 1, loc. 2) and a larger collection from clay- stone concretions in riverbeds between Geelvink and Etna Bays in the southeastern Lenggeroe Area (loc. 4) ; added to the previous- ly described forms were the circumpacific genus Pseudotoites and the poorly known ‘Normannites’ moermanni (Kruizinga) which was originally placed in Coeloceras and is here redescribed and placed in the new genus Jrianites. The figured specimens were re- studied at the Shell Company in Rijsvijk and partly given on loan. ‘The taxonomic revision concerns particularly the fragments (Text-fig. 3) of supposed Upper Bajocian “Baculatoceras’ sp. [—Garantiana] (Visser and Hermes, encl. 17, figs. 23 a,b) which is here identified with the Tithonian to Berriasian Blanfordiceras novaguinense Gerth (1965), a close ally (?subsp.) of the Hima- layan B. wallichi (Gray); and the merely recorded Bajocian “?Labyrinthoceras sp.” (op. cit., p. 55) which is a typical Callovian Subkossmatia. The most recent description of ammonites from the Central Ranges (loc. 6) by Gerth (1965) includes besides Upper Jurassic to Berriasian forms only the record of “Macrocephalites keeuwensis” Boehm. SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS Superfamily HILDOCERATACEAE Hyatt, 1867 Family (?)HILDOCERATIDAE Hyatt, 1867 Subfamily (?)GRAMMOCERATINAE Buckman, 1905 Genus FONTANNESIA Buckman, 1902 Fontannesia aff. F. clarkei (Crick), 1894 [?F. clarkei ssp. kiliani (Kruizinga), 1926] Pls. 48,49, Text-figs. 4-5 21926. Grammoceras Kiliani n. sp., Kruizinga (Sula Is.), Jb. Mijnwezen, vol. Te oy Bie, poll the sakes Ae Material. — Four large and two small, almost complete speci- mens with body chambers; one good phragmocone; one large phragmocone fragment, and one small body chamber with crushed phragmocone from Kemaboe Valley. NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 239 Occurrence. — West Irian, Misol and (?) Sula Islands. Description.— ‘The inner whorls are subquadrate to some- what subrectangular, with gently rounded flanks and a flattened venter bearing a blunt keel. There are dense, often somewhat fasciculate and prosoradiate ribs, sometimes irregular in strength but without tubercles. The intermediate whorls become compressed rounded sub- rectangular, usually developing a narrow, moderately steep um- bilical slope, poorly separated from the flattened flanks, and dis- tinct shoulders on which the strongly projected rib endings may form ventro-lateral ‘carinae’. The venter is more or less broadly tabulate with strong blunt keel and, at least on the internal mold, frequently bisulcate. The ribs remain usually dense, rarely fascicu- late, and straight to prosoradiate, with projection on the shoul- ders, leaving narrow smooth bands on umbilical slope and venter. The outer one or two whorls are usually subrectangular with rounded umbilical slope, flat flanks and tabulate-unicarinate venter which at the end of the body chamber may become weakly bisulcate or slightly fastigate. The keel is prominent but blunt and ‘solid’ (unfloored) throughout. The umbilicus is shallow and only mod- erately wide (U=32-38%). ‘The costae may remain dense and more or less straight (PI. 49, figs. 4 a,b) , but usually become coarse and widely spaced, often slightly falcoid fasciculate or more rarely bifurcating and strongly projected on the outer flank and shoul- der; dying out on the lowermost flank, the ribs reach their greatest strength on the uppermost flanks and on the shoulders where they may form a discontinuous ‘carina.’ The aperture was probably ‘simple’ with strongly projected rostrum or ventral lappet as sug- gested by a medium-sized specimen (PI. 48. figs. 3 a,b). As usual (Westermann, 1966), the more involute and com- pressed shells tend to be more densely and weakly costate than the more evolute and less compressed ones. The septal suture (Text-fig. 4 a-c) is simple with subequal E/L and L/U bipartite saddles, moderately slender trifid L, much smaller raised U. followed at maturity by two almost straight much smaller umbilical elements (U3, Uy, part.) along a slightly sinking saddle line but ending at approximately the same radius. The internal part consists of a prominent I/U saddle and a much smaller saddle separated by a small oblique weakly bifid U, (?). 240 BULLETIN 256 Classification of Fontannesia.—It is evident from the discussion above that the genus resembles the Grammoceratinae of the Hildo- ceratidae family more closely than the Sonniniidae in which it has been placed invariably. The principal reason for this classi- fication of Fontannesia has undoubtedly been its stratigraphic oc- currence in the Sonninia sowerbyi Zone where it is accompanied by the first “true” sonniniids, and the almost entire absence of the Hildoceratidae, except for the distinct Tmetoceras and the scarce Asthenoceras in the Aalenian of Europe (cf. Treatise, p. L 254). It Text-fig. 3.— Blanfordiceras wallichi novaguinense Gerth (1917), newly de- veloped specimen from South Geelvink Bay (loc. +), previously figured under ‘Baculatoceras sp. (Donovan, im Visser & Hermes, 1962, encl. 17, fig. 23). (Shell Research Lab., Utrecht, s.s. 215a) x1. has been shown recently that the Grammoceratinae Pseudolioceras and Asthenoceras range abundantly into the Bajocian (s.s.) in the northeastern Pacific realm (Westermann, 1969b). It is probable that Grammoceras and Pleydellia continue well into the Aalenian in the same area (Frebold, 1960, pl. 12; Frebold, et al., 1969 pao pl. 1, figs. 16,17: above first Tmetoceras). The stratigraphic bias against placing Fontannesia in the Grammoceratinae should be eliminated. Certainly the affiliation through descent of Fontannesia with Grammoceras s.l. can not seriously be doubted while the evo- lution of Sonninia s.l. from Hammatoceratidae is generally accept- ed. Thus, the Sonniniidae if retained as understood in the Treatise would be polyphyletic at the family level. Comparison. —'The species shows a similar wide range of ap- NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 24) parently continuous variation as is apparent in the European type species F. grammoceroides (Haug) and in the Australian F. clarkei (Crick). A large number of probable morphotypes of F. grammo- ceroides were described as several ‘species’ by Buckman (1892) from the L. discites Subzone of the Inferior Oolite of Bradford Abbas, Dorset. A similar series of forms of F. clarkei was figured by Arkell (im Arkell and Playford, 1954), probably including the morphotypes ‘F. etheridget (Whitehouse) ’, ‘F. fairbridgei Arkell’ and ‘F. whitehouse: Arkell’, which range from compressed weakly ornate to more inflated strongly ornate forms. F. clarkei, from the S. sowerbyi Zone of the Newmarracarra Limestone, is distinguished Text-fig. 4.— Septal suture morphogeny of Fontannesia aff. F. clarkei (Crick) [? ssp. kiliant (Kruizinga)] from Kemaboe Valley, at whorl heights of (a) 5mm, (b) 12mm, and (c) 20mm. (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 12685). from F. grammoceroides s.l. by the more prominent keel, which is set on a clearly tabulate or even slightly bisulcate venter and re- tained on the body chamber, by the more irregular often fasciculate and sometimes bifurcating ribs, and by the somewhat wider um- bilicus with gentler slope; the relatively involute compressed vari- ants of F. clarkei [‘F. whitehousei’| agree in coiling with the rela- 242 BULLETIN 256 Text-fig. 5. — Holotypes of (left) “Grammoceras Kiliani”’ Kruizinga (x1) and (right) “Grammoceras Baumbergert’ Kruizinga (x1.25); both from the Sula Islands. (Geol. Inst., Univ. Amsterdam, F. 9882 and F. 9883). tively evolute variants of F. grammoceroides. Significantly, the ‘fairbridgev’ and ‘whitehouser’ morphotypes comprise only 4-5% and 12-14%, respectively, of the Australian sample. The New Guinea species closely resembles F. clarkei s.l., in the ventral features and the irregular costae; however, it differs somewhat in the slightly smaller umbilicus and the more strongly projected costae which are more prominent on the shoulders and approach the keel more closely. As already pointed out by Arkell (im Arkell and Playford, 1954, p. 567), the Sula Islands specimens described by Kruizinga (1926, pl. 1) under the new names of ‘Grammoceras’ baumbergeri, ‘G.’ kiliani (here refigured Text-figs. 4,5) and ‘Harpoceras’ arietiti- forme, resemble almost the Western Australia assemblage, except that ‘G.’ kiliani is somewhat more involute than F. clarkei s.s. and ‘H. arietitiforme is bisulcate. According to Kruizinga (1926, p. 39), the septal suture of ‘G.’ kiliani differs strongly from that of Gram- moceras in its higher complexity and the smaller external saddle; the suture is as in Fontannesia. All three names were based on single or a few incomplete specimens from ex sitw concretions found as stream pebbles and their alleged Toarcian age is, therefore, NrEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 243 mere conjecture. The prominently tabulate-carinate to weakly bi- sulcate venter of these forms is also present in the fragmentary holotype of Fontannesia clarkei (refigured by Spath, 1939, pl. 2, fig. 16) and in the inner whorls of a topotype (loc. cit., fig. 2). The holotypes of ‘G.’ kiliani and ‘G.’ baumbergeri were re- investigated and are here refigured. The holotype of ‘H.’ avietiti- forme however, appears to be lost. The holotype of ‘G.’ baum- bergeri is a fully grown specimen (55 mm diameter) with a three- quarters whorl long probably complete body chamber and ap- proximated last few septa. The internal mold of the venter at 30 mm D is narrowly tabulate-carinate and was probably tricarinate on the shell. The simple septal suture is poorly preserved. The weak costation of the nucleus is fasciculate and somewhat irregularly tuberculate; on the intermediate whorls, the costae withdraw from the umbilical seam and become obsolescent on the relatively small body chamber. The septal suture drawn by Kruizinga (p. 40) is probably ‘simplified’ due to corrosion. The holotype of ‘G.’ kiliani, also an internal mold, is still incomplete at a diameter of approxi- Text-fig. 6.—“Harpoceras sp.” [= ? Fontannesia aff. F. clarkei (Crick)], from the “Dogger”, west coast of Jefbie, Misol Archipelago. (Single specimen; Rijksmuseum Delft, 14903) x1. 244 BULLETIN 256 mately 66 mm which includes part of the body chamber. The cos- tation is similar but much stronger than on ‘G.’ baumbergeri, somewhat fasciculate except for the ultimate halfwhorl where the innermost flanks become smooth. Part of the Moluccas collection of Brouwer (which includes the type specimen of Kruizinga) which is in the Rijksmuseum van Mineralogie en Geologie in Delft, contained eight body chamber fragments and one almost complete specimen labeled ‘Harpoceras sp., Dogger,’ from west coast of Jeftbie, Misol Archipelago. ‘The body chamber fragments, preserved as internal molds of grey limestone and varying from 18 to 28 mm in whorl height, resemble the holotype of ‘G.’ kiliani, although the costae are generally more widely spaced. The single large speci- men, strongly pyritized, with rather well-preserved phragmocone (70 mm D) and crushed one-half whorl incomplete body chamber, resembles ‘G.’ baumbergeri in the strong compression and early loss of costation, which, in turn, is closely allied with Fontannesia whitehouset Arkell (1954), probably a variety of F. clarkei (Crick, 1894). The septal suture is well preserved in this specimen and closely agrees with those of the Australian form (Spath, 1939, ‘Text- fig. 1; Arkell, 1954, pl. 29), being markedly more complex than shown in Kruizinga’s (1926, p. 40) figure of ‘G.’ bawmbergeri. Affinity with early Bajocian Fontannesia is certainly closer than to any other known genus, and the Sula Island forms, “G.’ kiliani and G. baumbergeri, are tentatively placed in this genus. Of interest is also the occurrence of Fontannesia cf. F. clarkei in Turkey (Bremer, 1966, pl. 16, figs. 2 a,b), 2-e. geographically much closer to the European occurrences of Fontannesia. Most of the New Guinea forms resemble most closely ‘Gram- moceras’ kiliani, which is tentatively regarded as a subspecies of F. clarkei. The close affinity is evident by the presence in the Australian assemblage of relatively involute forms among the usu- ally evolute and costate morphotype ‘fairbridgev’ (Arkell, 1954, pl. 27, figs. 4,6). Superfamily STEPHANOCERATACEAE Neumayr, 1875 Family OTOITIDAE Mascke, 1907 Genus DOCIDOCERAS Buckman, 1919 Docidoceras (Docidoceras) longalyum (Vacek) 1886, cf. subsp. limatum (Pompeckj) 1897 Pl. 50, figs. 1 a-d 1886. Coeloceras longalvum Vacek (S. Alps), Abh. K.K. geol. Reichsanst., vol. 12° p, 99 ple 7, figss lea. NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 245 1897. Coeloceras limatum Pompeckj (Anatolia), Z. deutsche geol. Ges., vol. 49, p. 745, pl. 31, fig. 5. 1922. Docidoceras perfectum Buckman (England), ‘l'ype Ammonites,’ pl. 314. 1925. Coeloceras longalvum Vaéek var. trapanicum Renz (Sicily), ‘Monte San Giuliano (Monte Erice)’, p. 30, pl. 1, fig. 6. Material.— A single complete internal mold, with aperture and some test remains; inner whorls crushed on one side, from Kemaboe Valley. Description. — The outer phragmocone whorls are strongly depressed sublenticular, with lateral edge at mid-flank, and loosely coiled, almost serpenticone. The primaries are strong and recti- radiate, commencing directly at the umbilical seam and strength- ening to small tubercles or, finally, weak bullae on the lateral edge. The secondaries, usually in threes with one or two attached weakly to a primary, are dense, blunt and weakly prosoradiate crossing somewhat convexly over the broad venter. The body chamber, 114 whorl in full length, ceases width growth after about one-half whorl while height growth continues, the cross section thus becoming less depressed; the umbilical seam egresses gradually so that the aperture merely ‘rides’ on the pre- ceding venter. The primaries, at first still somewhat bullae-like, weaken rapidly and retract from the umbilical seam. The second- aries become wider spaced and blunt, nearly dying out mid-ven- trally at mid-length of the body chamber. ‘Throughout the last one and one-half whorls, a prominent umbolateral groove is de- veloped on the internal mold along the lower umbilical slope, filled with a porous, probably secondary shell material, and covered by the outer shell. This groove has recently been observed in a number of south Alaskan Docidoceras and Pseudotoites species where the ‘porous material’ was interpreted to serve the better at- tachment of the principle retractor muscle (Westermann, 1969b) . At the aperture is a simple oblique prominent flange or collar of strongly thickened test (4 mm) preceded by a constriction of the flanks on the internal mold only. The flange is partly visible on one side but better preserved on the mold. The septum is typically bullate with two complete (paired) saddle axes (E/L- I/U,, and L/U-U,,/U, closely resembling the topotype of Vacek (re- figured: Westermann, 1964, pl. 6, fig. 2a). The suture is poorly preserved. Comparison. — The specimen closely resembles ‘Coeloceras 246 BULLETIN 256 limatum’ Pompeckj (1897) from Anatolia (Turkey) which has recently been redescribed from the L. discites Subzone, S. sowerbyi Zone, of the same area (Bremer, 1966) in association with Eud- metoceras (Euaptetoceras) cf. E. amplectens (Buckman), E. cf. dorsatum (Merla) (pl. 15, figs. 2a,b), Sonninia (Euhoploceras) ‘crassispinata’ Buckman [= S. (E.) adicra (Waagen) ], Docido- ceras (?) transiens (Bremer), and significantly, Fontannesia cf. F. clarkei (Crick) var. whitehousei Arkell. Docidoceras longaluum limatum is distinguished from D. longalvum s.s. only in the longer primaries more or less reaching up to the subsequent umbilical seam of the ‘serpenticone’ shell. The primaries of the New Guinea specimen do not, however, reach the length of D. l. limatum on the body chamber, while the secondaries are usually less convex on the European forms. Docidoceras perfectum Buckman from England and ‘Coelo- ceras’ trapanicum Renz from Sicily were included in D. longaluum, representing subspecies at the most, after restudy of the type ma- terial from San Vigilio (Westermann, 1964). The other known species of Docidoceras s.s. are much more in- flated and, usually, more involute. Of special interest is the re- semblance in the projected ribs and presence of an umbolateral groove with the south Alaskan Docidoceras spp. which are presently being described under a new subgenus (Westermann, 1969b) . Measurements, — Dmm H% W% U% 1 S end phragm. 53 707) 47 49 17/ body ch. 65 31 46 50 We) 55 aperture 93 24 34 54 C22 45 (?)Docidoceras (Docidoceras) sp. indet. Pl. 50, fig. 2 Material. — A single incomplete 1/2 whorl body chamber with poorly preserved remains of phragmocone, internal mold. Discussion. — On the last whorl of the phragmocone, strong rectiradiate primaries bearing extended tubercles are visible. The body chamber fragment is medium evolute, the section being de- pressed and markedly ovate with the rounded lateral edge at ap- proximately 2/5 whorl height. The primaries are prominent and somewhat bullae-like, dividing somewhat irregularly into three and sometimes four blunt moderately prosoradiate secondaries which are markedly convex on the venter. This specimen resembles the afore-described Docidoceras long- NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 247 aluum (Vacek) from which it is distinguished only in the more inflated, somewhat ovate and more involute whorls. However, with- out preserved septum or suture, the slight possibility exists that this is a stephanoceratid. Measurements. — Dmm H% W% U% P S body ch. 55 31 51 (c.40) — = sf 70 31 45 42 15 50 Family STEPHANOCERATIDAE Neumayr, 1875 Genus STEPHANOCERAS Waagen, 1869 Stephanoceras (Stephanoceras) aff. S. humphriesianum (J. de C. Sowerby) 1825 9 Pl. 51, figs. 1 a-b; Text-fig. 7 Material. — One fragmentary internal mold with parts of the three last whorls of phragmocone and the beginning of body chamber, one side damaged. Description. — ‘The ultimate and penultimate whorls of the phragmocone are weakly depressed subelliptical, slightly ovate in section with the maximal whorl width at about 2/5 whorl height, with gently sloping inner flanks (umbilical slope) and somewhat flattened venter. The ultimate whorl is evolute, overlapping only about one-quarter of the preceding whorl while the penultimate whorl almost reaches the nodes of the antepenultimate whorl; thus, the inner whorls appear to have been less evolute. The egression of the umbilical seam seems to have continued with the body cham- ber, giving the shell a ‘planulate’ appearance. The ornament of the antepenultimate whorl consists of sharp, rectiradiate primaries ending in tubercles. The primaries of the last two whorls are also sharp but somewhat rursiradiate and curved anteriorly. From the distinct round lateral tubercles arise more or less rectiradiate dense and fine secondaries in groups of three or, more rarely four, which cross straight over the venter. At the be- ginning of the body chamber, both primaries and secondaries be- come blunt. The septal suture (Text-fig. 7) is complex; externally with large E/L saddle, slender and deep L of the same length as E, broad bifid L/U, saddle and strongly oblique Uy»; internally with large I/U,, saddle, deep oblique U, and much smaller oblique U,/Us saddle. Discussion. — The genus Stephanoceras s.l. is in a state of utter 248 BULLETIN 256 Text-fig. 7.— Adult septal suture of Stephanoceras (Stephanoceras) aff. 8S. humphriesianum (J. de C. Sowerby), at approximately 10 cm diameter, from Kemaboe Valley (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126191). confusion and grossly ‘split’ at the genus-group and species levels (Westermann, 1964, p. 66 ff). Experience on several continents suggests that a small fraction (10-20 per cent) of the taxa would suffice. The ‘planulate’ S. humphriesianum, type species, almost certainly intergrades with the more inflated and involute and also more common ‘plexus’ of S. wumbilicum and S. mutabile, F.A. Quen- stedt spp., [= ? S. brodiaei (J. Sowerby) ] all of which are usually associated; this group is characterized by moderately fast increasing, rounded subelliptical whorls with fine costae bearing tubercles. To this ‘plexus’ belongs also the northeastern Pacific S$. caamanot (McLearn) from the S. humphriesianum Zone of Queen Charlotte Islands; it is generally restricted to the S. humphriesianum Zone and derived from the ‘serpenticone’ but otherwise similar subgenus S. (Skirroceras) of the O. sauzei Zone. Stemmatoceras Mascke is difficult to separate and distinguished only by the more strongly de- pressed sublenticular whorls with well-defined lateral edge and more prominent primaries or bullae; however, there is intergrada- tion of probably interrelated features, intraspecifically as well as morphogenetically, with Stephanoceras s.s. on the one hand and Teloceras Mascke on the other, the latter becoming distinct usually only if large and fully grown. Consequently, Stemmatoceras and Teloceras are best distinguished from Stephanoceras at the subgen- eric level only. In the northeastern Pacific area, the Stemmatoceras- Teloceras complex of a single bed (Rock Creek Member) in the S. humphriesianum Zone of Alberta, for example, has been divid- ed into 12 (macroconchiate) ‘species’ comprising an apparently NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 249 continuous sequence of shells with more or less depressed sublen- ticular whorls bearing coarse primaries of different prominence; the first named form is S. charlottensis (Whiteaves) which re- sembles S. triptolemus (Morris and Lycett) with the inner whorls of S. (Stemmatoceras) and the outer whorls of Stephanoceras s.s. Both S. (Stemmatoceras) and S. (Teloceras) seem to occur in the O. sauzei and S. humphriesianum Zones, although the latter is rare in the O. sauze Zone (if not there misidentified) . In Europe S. (Teloceras) seems to range into the S. swbfuwrcatum Zone, as does S. (Stemmatoceras) in the Western Interior of the United States and southeastern Alaska (Imlay, 1962, 1967) ; however, some of the Western Interior forms could be Cadomites. The micro- conchs of Stephanoceras s.l. which have usually been classified un- der Normannites s.l., are still difficult to match on the specific and even on the subgeneric levels and their discussion is not again at- tempted here (Westermann, 1964). However, there can be no serious doubt about their ‘generic’ correspondence. The New Guinea specimen resembles closely S. humphriesi- anum (J. de C. Sowerby) and especially ‘S. caamanov’ McLearn which is here regarded as a junior synonym; the occurrence of somewhat curved primaries as in our single specimen may be some- what more frequent in North American Stephanoceras than in the European representatives, but this is a variable and therefore prob- ably not diagnostic feature. Our specimen differs from ‘typical’ S. humphriesianum in the broader and slightly less evolute whorls, thus being intermediate to $. mutabile (F.A. Quenstedt) . Measurements. — Dmm H% W% U% IP S end phragm. c.100 c.34 c.44 c.35 c.24 c.60 ? Subgenus S. (STEMMATOCERAS) Mascke, 1907 (?) Stephanoceras (Stemmatoceras?) etheridgei (Gerth) 1927, 9° ??1890. Stephanoceras allied to S. Blagdeni J. Sowerby, Etheridge (New Guinea), Rec. Geol. Survey New South Wales, vol. 1, p. 175, pl. 29, figeeZs 21927. Stemmatoceras etheridgei, Gerth (New Guinea), Leidsche Geol. Meded., vol. 2, p. 226, pl. 36, fig. 1 only [here refigured, Text-fig. 8]. 21962. Stemmatoceras aff. indicum (Kruizinga), Donovan im Visser and Her- mes (W. New Guinea), Verh. Ned. Geol. Mijnbouw, genoot., geol. Sere XOX5 p. 55, encl! 17, figs. 10) a-c: 21962. Stemmatoceras brodiaci (J. Sowerby), ibid. p. 55, encl. 17, figs. 16 a,b. Material. — One incomplete and partly damaged internal mold, 250 BULLETIN 256 inner whorls with shell remains crushed on one side, ultimate whorl worn. Description.— The inner whorls (<23 mm D) are medium evolute and almost planulate, with moderately depressed, some- what subelliptical section. The penultimate and ultimate whorls, the latter probably belonging to the body chamber, become rapidly more depressed and sublenticular in section with the lateral edge at mid-flank. The inner flanks slope gently to the umbilical seam and the ventral area is evenly rounded. The ornament is strong throughout consisting of prominent straight and only slightly prosoradiate primaries which arise rapid- ly from the umbilical seam but withdraw from it on the ultimate whorl; they bear round tubercles at least on the better preserved inner whorls where they are partly overgrown by the ultimate whorl. The secondaries of the inner whorls are concealed; on the ultimate whorl, they arise in twos or, more rarely, threes from the primaries, curving forward but bending backward before reaching the venter which they cross straight at full strength, thus suggest- ing weak tabulation. Septum and suture are not preserved. Comparison. —The specimen resembles the holotype of S. etheridgei (Gerth) (2) from the Vogelkopf Peninsula (?) which is here refigured (Text-figs. 8 a-c). The inner whorls of the holo- type, although poorly preserved, can be seen to bear similarly prominent primaries with tubercles; they are also more planulate than the end of the conch as is evident from the relatively narrow Text-fig. 2.— Holotype of Stephanoceras (Stemmatoceras) etheridgei (Gerth) 9, from the Vogelkop Peninsula (loc. 1 ?). (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 1272) x1. NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 251 beginning of the ultimate whorl. However, the holotype becomes less inflated than our specimen; the secondaries become _proso- radiate only on the ultimate one-half whorl and ventral straight- ening is only faintly suggested. However, this may be partly due to the somewhat smaller size. The ventral costal features of our specimen are unknown from any other Stephanoceras s.l. and may be characteristic of fully grown S. etheridgei, together with the remarkable change of whorl section. The secondaries are also stronger than in most species of S. (Stemmatoceras) under which name it is kept with modest con- fidence. Nevertheless, there is some resemblance to the new genus Irianites in the change of whorl section and the unusual secondaries, so that this specimen was originally classified with the much more abundant form. The West Irian specimens identified by Donovan (in Visser and Hermes, 1962) as Stephanoceras (Teloceras) aff. S. indicum (Kruizinga) and S. brodiaei: (J. Sowerby), which were reinvesti- gated and partly further developed from the matrix, are probably identical with this species. “Coeloceras’ indicum Kruizinga [? nomen dubium] (1926), the poorly preserved holotype of which Text-fig. 9.— Holotype of “Coeloceras Indicum” Kruizinga [= Stephanoceras (Teloceras) indicum Kruizinga 9], from the Sula Islands. (Geol. Inst., Univ. Amsterdam, F. 9884) x6.5. 252 BULLETIN 256 is here refigured (Text-fig. 9), belongs also to Stephanoceras s.l. Measurements. — Dmm H% W% U% P(%wh.) S§ phragm. 26 29 40 Cr 11 = ? body ch. 42 31 50 41 12 _— i 60 36 59 38 eis c.30 S. etheridget, holotype ? body ch. c.35 c.36 c.50 c.40 (c.10) = “ 52 neat 55 — 10.5 31 55 34 54 36.5 11 32 Stephanoceras (Stemmatoceras?) etheridgei (Gerth) ?, ¢ ? Pl. 51, figs. 2 a,b Material. —One almost complete internal mold with test re- mains, aperture missing. Discussion. —'The specimen measures only 39 mm diameter at the end of the three-quarter whorls incomplete body chamber. However, in the absence of preserved septal sutures and marked modification of the body chamber, it is not possible to decide if this is a fully grown microconch (or male) shell or an immature macroconch (or female) . This small shell closely resembles the inner whorls, compar- able in size, of the macroconchiate S. (Stemmatoceras) etheridgei, described above (cf. Text-fig. 8). The almost planulate, not strong- ly depressed whorls become somewhat sublenticular and bear widely spaced prominent primary and secondary costae with lateral tu- bercles. This example illustrates the need for a classification (and name) which reflects the strongly apparent dimorphic relationship of the macroconchs hitherto solely included in Stephanoceras s.l. and the microconchs previously all included in Normannites s.l. Westermann (1964) suggested earlier placing these complemen- tary ‘monosexual parataxa’ as subgenera in the same genus; in this instance, the subgenus would be Stephanoceras (Itinsaites). However, the same author now prefers to draw the dimorphic complementary genera/subgenera into synonymy. This microconch is closely affiliated with ‘Kanastephanus’ crickmayi and ‘K.’ mackenzii, McLearn spp., from the S$. humphriesi- anum Zone of Alberta which seem to correspond to the macro- conchiate Stephanoceras skidegatense (Whiteaves) 5.l. NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 253 Measurements. — Dmm H% W% U% P S body ch. 39 31 51 43 9 25 oo c.28 C33 51 41 c.9 — (?) Family TULITIDAE Buckman, 1921 Approximately one-seventh of the Kemaboe Valley collection (c.38 specimens) consists of previously unknown ‘sphaerocones’ with dense, mostly prosoradiate ribbing and ‘raised’ septal suture with the ‘internal lateral lobe’ consisting of the primary lobe U, (Text-fig. 12). Three size groups are present: five specimens are large with modified outer whorl; approximately 23 specimens are of medium-small size bearing a constricted but incompletely known aperture; nine or 10 specimens are small with constricted and lappet-bearing apertures. While the former are certainly macro- conchs (females) and the latter microconchs (males), the large intermediate size group cannot be assigned without doubt to either dimorph although the apertural constriction and unmodified body chamber suggest that they were microconchs. Only a single species is named, based on the best represented form. Since Jurassic ‘sphaerocones’ with U, as ‘internal lateral lobe,’ 7.e. the eubullate septum, are known only in the Tulitidae (Westermann, 1956a; Schindewolf, 1965), these forms are somewhat tentatively placed in this family. All available septal sutures differ in the more or less slender U, (‘second lateral jobe”) which is broad and bifid or multifid in apparently all known Tulitidae; most specimens differ also in the denser and more inclined costae as well as in the less strongly ellipticone and contracted body chamber. Other Mesozoic sphaerocones with a modified eubullate septum are the basal Cre- taceous Olcostephanidae (Schindewolf, 1966, p. 387); these are, however, distinguished in whorl section, ornament, the broad Us, lobe and perhaps, the different shape of U,. On the other hand, there is resemblance particularly in costa- tion and septal suture to the Eucycloceratinae Spath which are also of uncertain taxonomic position but appear to be affiliated more closely with the sphaerocones described here than with Macrocephalitidae proper. 254 BULLETIN 256 Text-figs. 10-11.— Comparison (above) “Sphaeroceras cf. bullatum d’Orb.” (Gerth, 1927, p. 226) [= Bullatimorphites (Treptoceras) aff. B. uhligi (Popovici-Hatzeg) from supposed Callovian of the Wairori River (loc. i), with (below) a topotype of B. (T.) “suevicum (J. Roemer)” [=B. uwhligi] from the O. aspidoides Zone, Upper Bathonian, of Hildesheim, Germany (Nie- dersachs. Landsamt Bedenforschung). x1. Original Coll. B.F. B./N.L. f B han- nover 6537. ?Genus BULLATIMORPHITES Buckman, 1921 Bullatimorphites ?, n. sp. 9 Pie525 fiesaes Material. —Two phragmocones with incomplete body cham- bers; one phragmocone; two fragments of large body chambers of which one has part of the penultimate whorl; all rather well-pre- served internal molds with minor test remains. Description. — The inner whorls (<30-35 mm D) are mod- erately involute with slightly depressed rounded whorls; the inter- mediate whorls are involute with compressed cadicone section in NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 255 The costation consists of curved, dense, and sharp primaries which divide just below mid-flank into two, more rarely three very dense, prosoradiate and continuous secondaries. The outer whorls (>45-60 mm D) become gradually much more evolute, depressed and typically cadicone with vertical umbilical wall bounded by a weakly rounded margin marking the broadest whorl width. The primaries retract from the umbilical wall and become rapidly more widely spaced swelling into lower-lateral bullae while the sec- ondaries remain dense, being about five times as abundant as the primaries. The full diameter is estimated at 100-120 mm. It ap- pears probable that the large body chamber fragments belonged to the same species as the smaller incomplete specimens. The juvenile septal suture at a few millimeters diameter (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126194) has an oblique ‘internal lateral lobe’ separating the two saddles and a shallow (U3) lobe at the umbilical seam, in all closely resembling the early suture of B.? (Trepto- ceras 7), Mo sp. A (lext-fig. 12). Vhe“amternal “lateral “lobe” “1s, therefore, probably homologous with the primary Ist umbilical lobe, U,. The mature external part of the suture (st. 126195) is mod- erately complex, consisting of subequal E/L and L/U saddles divid- ed by a narrow trifid L which is approximately as deep as E; Us resembles L except for the somewhat smaller size; the other um- bilical elements are small and straight, the saddle line rising some- what toward the umbilical seam. Discussion. —The inner phragmocone whorls resemble certain Bullatimorphites Buckman, especially B. (?) sofanum (Boehm, 1912, pl. 35, figs. 2a-b) from the Bathonian-Callovian of the Sula Islands!) which also has dense, long, and curved primaries on the U3 U] | “7-2 Sue eer Text-fig. 12.— Juvenile incomplete (internal) septal suture of Bullatimor- phites ? (Treptoceras) n.sp. A 6, at 2.5 mm diameter, from Kemaboe Valley (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126204). 1 This species is probably also present in the M. macrocephalus Zone of Chos-Malal in the Argentina Andes (Westermann, 1967, fig. 2). ho Or nn BULLETIN 256 phragmocone but is distinguished by coarser secondaries, more evolute and depressed whorls, and the multifid Us, lobe. The inter- mediate whorls, at least of two specimens, are more compressed than in any known (macroconchiate) tulitid. The body whorl with its gradual uncoiling, with steep umbilical slope and with bullae- like primaries is, however, more like that of Tulites (Rugi- ferites) Buckman, slightly resembling T. (R.) (?) godohensis (Boehm, 1912, pl. 35, figs. la,b), also from the Sula Islands as- semblages; T. (?) godohensis differs in the more evolute and much more coarsely ornate phragmocone and the broad bifid Us. lobe. The late Middle Bajocian Chondroceras (Defonticeras) Mc- Learn also shows some superficial resemblance but is distinguished by more involute inner whorls, rounded outer whorls, smaller size, and particularly by the abullate septum with U,. C. (?) (Praetu- lites) Westermann (1956) which is probably of late Bajocian (+? Bathonian) age (Sturani, 1964a), has a prominent lateral edge and short primaries. The compressed inner whorls, the variocostate (strengthen- ing) primaries, and the somewhat rising umbilical lobes with slender Us, are all reminiscent of the Eucycloceratinae; however the umbilical elements of the suture are by far not so strongly raised as in that group (at least not in the mature shell) and the outer whorls differ in section. ? Subgenus TREPTOCERAS Enay, 1959 Treptoceras was proposed by Enay (1959) for small Tulititidae combining the features of the inner whorls of Bullatimorphites with those of the aperture of Schwandorfia but bearing a more oblique apertural constriction. Such a combination was first shown in the figure of A. micro- stoma dOrbigny (1846, pl. 143, figs. 3,4) which Arkell (1954, p. 110) considered a synthetogram since none of the material in D’Orbigny’s collection possessed lappets. Lappets do occur, how- ever, in ‘A. microstoma’ Quenstedt (1886, pl. 78, fig. 4) which Arkell (loc. cit.), therefore, considered to be, probably, a new genus. New material from northwestern Germany (Westermann, 1958, p. 66) and eastern France (Enay, 1959) confirmed the pres- ence of lappets. NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 257 Because of the probable dimorphic relationship with the much larger Bullatimorphites, but in the absence of known specific correspondences, Treptoceras is preliminarily classified as a sub- genus of that genus in accordance with the convention regarding probable sexual dimorphs (Callomon, 1963; Westermann, 1964). More than one-half of the sphaerocones from the Kembelangan For- mation cannot be definitely identified as to sex, i.e. macroconch or microconch but can be classified as Bullatimorphites if this in- cludes the microconchiate B. (Treptoceras). Most specimens here described from West Irian differ from known species of B. (Treptoceras) in the more regularly coiled and not markedly ‘contracted’ body chamber, in the denser, more strongly prosoradiate ribs, and probably, in the slender Us (“‘sec- ond lateral”) lobe. B. (Treptoceras) is known from the Middle Bathonian to the Lower Callovian. Important occurrences are in the Middle Bath- onian of Crussol (Enay, 1959); the Upper Bathonian of the Paris Basin (de Grossouvre, 1888) and of the Weser Mountains near Hildesheim in Lower Saxony (J. Roemer, 1911; Westermann, 1956b) ; the lower Callovian of the Paris Basin (Corroy, 1932), of Kutch in India (Spath, 1931), and, probably, of the southern Andes (unpublished) . While this paper was in press, the senior author was informed about new and unpublished findings of later occurrences of micro- conchiate Bullatimorphites. Dr. A. Zeiss of the University of Er- langen-Ntirnberg and Dr. W. Hahn of the Geological Survey Baden- Wurttemberg recovered single specimens from the Middle Callovian and Upper Callovian P. athleta Zone of the Swabian Jura. Unfor- tunately, the specimens or photographs were not available. Bullatimorphites (?) (Treptoceras ?) sp. aff. B. microstoma (d’Orbigny) 1846 ¢ Pisoaheswaea-c Material. — One complete internal mold with partly preserved aperture and exposed penultimate whorl. Description.— ‘The small shell (48 mm D) is relatively evo- lute (U of phragmocone = 23% of D) and weakly inflated for the genus; the body chamber is only weakly elliptically coiled and not markedly ‘contracted.’ The last phragmocone whorl is moderately depressed ovate, the vertical umbilical slope gently rounding into 258 BULLETIN 256 the flanks with the maximal whorl width at about one-third whorl height, and with evenly rounded ventral area. The dense strongly prosoradiate primaries divide just below mid-flank into two or three dense, sharp, somewhat back-curved secondaries which cross almost straight over the venter: The body chamber, just over three-quarters of a whorl in length, unwinds somewhat more strongly at the beginning and curves at the end, resulting in weakly ‘elliptical’ coiling. Whorl height ceases to grow and whorl width growth decreases so that the whorl section becomes more depressed (H/W 0.71>0.62>0.59) . The primaries remain dense and become prosoradiate, high and sharp on the last one-half of the body chamber, now reaching well beyond mid-flank and _ bifurcating regularly into the almost straight secondaries. Immediately before the aperture, the whorl contracts slightly and a terminal constriction truncates the ribs obliquely. From the expanding flange extend ventro-lateral lappets (one preserved). Although incompletely preserved, the lappet was probably small and simple. The mature external septal suture has subequal E/L and L/U (“Ist and 2nd lateral’) saddies divided by a narrow L lobe, and a slender and trifid Us. The smaller umbilical elements are not markedly suspensive and are straight to slightly oblique. Comparison.— The specimen differs from all previously de- scribed species of B. (Treptoceras) in the body chamber which is more regularly coiled, not ‘contracted’ (except for the aperture) , and becomes more depressed rather than rounded, as well as in the slender Us, lobe. It is closest to the middle to late Bathonian B. (T.) microstoma (d’Orbigny) (Enay, private comm.) , a species exhibiting appreciable variability (De Grossouvre, 1888). B. (T.) laurenti Enay and B. (T.) crimaciensis Enay are more compressed with prominent ventral flares at the aperture. The other known species of the subgenus are more involute. B. (B.?) sofanum (Boehm, 1912, p. 150, pl. 35, figs. 2 a,b) from the Sula Islands appears to have similar inner whorls but is much larger and variocostate, the body chamber bearing widely spaced ribs. Measurements. — Dmm H% W% U% end body ch. 44 33 56 30 body ch. 38 39.5 63 28 end phrag. 26.5 51 72 23 NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 259 Bullatimorphites (Treptoceras) sp. aff. B. uhligi (Popovici-Hatzeg) 1905 ¢ Pls 53; figs 1ha.bseab Material. — One damaged internal mold with incomplete aper- ture; one incomplete specimen with end of phragmocone, one-half whorl of body chamber and mold of penultimate whorl; both from the Kemaboe Valley. One damaged but otherwise complete in- ternal mold from the ‘Callovian’ of the Wairori River (original of Gerth, 1927, p. 226: “Sphaeroceras cf. bullatum d’Orb.”; R.G.M. Leiden, st. 12118). Description. —The phragmocone is globular with strongly de- pressed ovate and involute whorls (U = 15% of D), and dense prosoradiate sharp primaries which bifurcate or trifurcate at about mid-flank into dense straight secondaries. ‘The complete body chamber, a full whorl in length, has typically ‘elliptical’ coiling with marked geniculation at the beginning and at half-length, and is laterally contracted resulting in a much less depressed whorl sec- tion. The umbilical slope becomes shallow and the ventral area weakly convex. Primaries and secondaries, now in pairs, become somewhat more widely spaced but blunter. The aberrant ventral costae feature on the body chamber of the smaller specimen is obviously pathological, probably a result of pallial injury. The aperture is marked by an oblique constriction followed by a lat- eral flange very probably bearing the base of ventro-lateral lappets. The complex last septal suture has broad subequal E/L and L/U (“Ist and 2nd lateral”) saddles and slender L and Uy, lobes; the following smaller umbilical elements are straight and somewhat raised. The specimen from the Callovian of Wairori River (Text- fig. 1, loc. 1) described by Gerth (loc. cit.) is now illustrated (Text- fig. 10); it closely resembles the two Kemaboe Valley specimens described above. Comparison.— The specimen closely resembles the Upper Bathonian and (?) lower Callovian B. (T.) uhligi (Popovici- Hatzeg); the holotype from Romania was refigured by Arkell (1954, text-fig. 36, right). This species includes ‘Sphaeroceras Suevicum’ J. Roemer (1911) (text-fig. 12), which is common in the O. aspidoides Zone (? and Lower Callovian) of the Hildesheim area in northwestern Germany (Westermann, 1958, pp. 66,67; probably also ‘“B. microstoma microstoma’ with lappet) and _ is 260 BULLETIN 256 closely allied to Lower Callovian forms described from Franconia (Kuhn, 1939, pl. 3, fig. 31; pl. 7, figs. 2,9). B. whligi is distinguished from our specimen by the smaller size and the blunter more widely spaced ribs at least on the body chamber. B. (B-?) sofanum (Boehm) is larger, more evolute, and more coarsely ribbed, es- pecially on the venter. According to Enay (priv. comm.), B. microstoma (d‘Orbigny) is distinguished from B. uhligi mainly in the somewhat wider umbilicus; however, according to Wester- mann’s own brief study of D’Orbigny’s original specimen in the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, this supposed dif- ferential feature needs closer study. Bullatimorphites (?) (Treptoceras (?) costidensus Westermann and Getty, n. sp. (4?) Pl. 54, figs. 1-4 Holotype. — Pl. 54, fig. 3 ae (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126203) ; al- most complete body chamber (5/4 whorls ) and part of phragmo- cone. From pebbles of the Kemaboe Valley, Kembelangan Forma- tion, West Irian. Diagnosis. — Almost medium-sized (? microconchiate) Bullati- morphites, involute, body chamber without strong elliptical coil- ing or contraction; costation extremely dense, sharp and_proso- radiate throughout, with long primaries. Material. — Fifteen body chambers, more or less complete but usually somewhat distorted, with some remnants or molds of phragmocones, several apertural constrictions, but no complete aperture; also several smaller fragments. All from pebbles of the Kemaboe Valley. Description. — At least the intermediate and outer phragmo- cone whorls are tightly coiled (U = 18% of D) and depressed ovate in section, with the vertical umbilical wall rounding into the flanks. The phragmocone is, therefore, typically sphaerocone with a ‘thickness’ (W/D) of 65 to 85%. The body chamber, about a full whorl in length, unwinds gradually, the coiling becoming only weakly ‘elliptical,’ and becomes more compressed by cessa- tion of width growth; but there is only weak or no ‘contraction.’ The umbilical wall becomes more shallow as the seam egresses. The final diameter is between 50 mm and 60 mm, except for a single specimen which shows markings of segmental growth and is 70 NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 261 mm large. The outer whorls, including the body chamber, are densely ribbed. The thin sharp primaries arise more or less recti- radiate on the umbilical wall but soon swing strongly forward. They divide at about mid-flank into two or three dense secondaries which on the flanks are also strongly adoraly inclined. The sec- ondaries tend to bend backward besides the venter which they cross more or less weakly convex. However, the connection between primaries and secondaries is weak and the secondaries are occa- sionally intercalated. The aperture is marked by a strongly oblique constriction of the internal mold truncating the costae. A ventral flare is missing or weak. Although no peristome is complete, small remnants seem to indicate that ventro-lateral lappets were present. The septal suture (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126232) is complex, with subequal E/L and L/U (‘Ist and 2d lateral”) saddles and slender, deep-rooted trifid to multifid L and Us lobes. The exposed last septal surface of the holotype shows also the raised smaller umbilical elements near the seam, the subequal two “internal saddles” and the bullate (eubullate?) septal structure. Although it is not certain that the aperture had lappets, this form is probably a large microconch (or male) . Comparison. —The phragmocone resembles the Upper Bath- onian and (?) Lower Callovian B. (T.) uhligi (Popovici-Hatzeg) discussed above, except for the denser more strongly inclined ribs and the more slender Us. B. (?) sofanuwm (Boehm) differs in being more loosely coiled, in the stronger secondaries and the larger, modified body chamber; but it has a similar U, lobe. The body chamber of this New Guinea species is more regularly coiled with- out marked contraction, and more densely ribbed with strongly in- clined primaries and secondaries than in any described Bullati- morphites. The mutual resemblance of the different New Guinea forms here described and their similarity to the Eucycloceratinae probably reflect some phylogenetic relationship. It is possible that this form is the microconch (male) comple- ment to the clearly macroconchiate (female) Bullatimorphites? sp. n. 2 described above although the inner whorls of the latter are usually more compressed (cf. Pls. 52,54) . 262 BULLETIN 256 Measurements. — Dmm H% W% U% Holotype: body ch. 54 44.5 52 24 ss 39 47 72 18 a 31 48 71 _ R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126202 body ch. 60 40 52 25 sf 46 44 63 20.5 a 35 46.5 65 — Bullatimorphites ? (Treptoceras ?), n. sp. A 4 Pl. 55, figs. 1-5; Text-fig. 12 Material. —'Three almost complete specimens with partly pre- served inner whorls, one of them with lappets; four larger frag- ments, one of them associated in same concretion with external mold of Jrianites cf. I. moermanni (Kruizinga); one incomplete body chamber with aperture. All internal molds with minor test remains. Description.— ‘The small shell is of medium thickness and coiling, almost planulate if complete. The phragmocone whorls are loosely coiled for the genus, with open stepped umbilicus (U ~ 25% of D). The whorl section is only slightly depressed, ovate almost subcircular, the flanks rounding gently into the steep umbilical slope and into the strongly arched venter. The ‘thick- ness’ (W/D) at the end of the small phragmocone (25-32 mm D) is only about 55-60°%. The body chamber, 3/4 to 4/5 whorls in length, unwinds gradually to become moderately evolute (U ~ 30% of D) and more compressed; the width growth rate is reduced while height growth rate remains approximately constant except for the reduction at the peristome. The body chamber shows nei- ther marked “elliptical” coiling nor contraction. The adult dia- meter is approximately 45-55 mm. The costation is dense throughout. At least the last two whorls, including the body chamber, bear 25-30 long and sharp primaries per halfwhorl, which arise almost perpendicularly near the umbilical seam and bend strongly forward on the flanks, be- coming markedly prosoradiate. On the phragmocone, the primaries divide about mid-flank into two, more rarely three extremely dense secondaries tending to bend back toward the radius beside the venter which they cross more or less straight. On the body cham- NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 263 ber, the primaries extend beyond mid-flank to about 3/5 - 2/3 whorl height and the furcation may become somewhat irregular, with some intercalatories. One specimen (Pl. 55, fig. 3) differs somewhat in the larger numbers of secondaries which vary in length on the body chamber. The aperture is marked by an oblique constriction truncating the costae; but there is no conspicuous ventral flare. This is fol- lowed adorally by a narrow collar and broad, probably simple ven- tro-lateral lappets. Their shape is, however, unknown due to in- complete preservation. The septum is eubullate with two complete (paired) saddle axes, and shallow smaller umbilical elements around the seam. The mature septal suture has accordingly, subequal external and internal “Ist” and “2nd lateral saddles,’ and straight (non-sus- pensive) sutural elements. U, is slender. The early juvenile suture (Text-fig. 12; 2.5 mm D) as developed from the most complete specimen, has a shallow Us, lobe which is only one-third as deep as I and a somewhat oblique, asymmetrically bifid (modified tri- fid) ‘internal lateral lobe.’ This is significantly like early sutures figured from Bullatimorphites (Westermann, 1956a, text-figs. 4,5; Schindewolf, 1965, text-fig. 263) and good evidence for the normal (“orthochronic”) development of the umbilical lobes; the morpho- logical internal lateral lobe is, therefore, U, (not U, as in otoitids, sphaeroceratids, macrocephalitids, kosmoceratids, and cardiocera- tids) . Comparison. — This new unnamed species resembles most closely B.? (7.2) costidensus, n. sp. from which it is distinguished by the smaller size and the thinner, more evolute whorls. Of pre- viously described B. (Treptoceras) species, this New Guinea form is best compared with the Swabian B. microstoma (d’Orbigny) of Quenstedt (1886, pl. 78, figs. 3,4) (Enay, private comm.) which is, however, distinguished by the more involute phragmocone, the rectiradiate costae, the presence of a ventral flare, and the ellipti- cal coiling of the body chamber. Specimens similar to those of Quenstedt were figured from the Lower Callovian of Franconia (Kuhn, 1939, pl. 6, fig. 3), and the Upper Bathonian of eastern Brance,“(Enay, 119595 .pl. 7b, fis. 7). As in at least most of the other questionable Tulitidae here 264 BULLETIN 256 described, there is also an affinity to the inner whorls of Eucyclo- ceratinae: Subkossmatia, Eucycloceras and ? Idiocycloceras [? also the Oxfordian or Tithonian Grayiceras Spath], which they also re- semble in the slender Us; however, the umbilical elements of the suture are not raised but follow a radial saddle line. In contrast, resemblances to the Middle Bajocian Labyrinthoceras or Chondro- ceras or even Cadomites (Polyplectites) (Callomon, private comm.) are considered as mere homeomorphs, particularly because of the significant differences in the septum and its suture. Of the previously published Indonesian material there is some resemblance to the widely umbilicate and densely ribbed ‘Macro- cephalites keeuwensis y’ Boehm (1913, p. 14, pl. 4, figs. 2a, b only) from West Irian, which could be an Idiocycloceras. Age. — The stratigraphic position of this species is at least in part the same as that of Jrianites cf. I. moermanni (Kruizinga) with which it was found associated (PI. 55, fig. 4). Because of the association of J. moermanni with Bositra buchi (Roemer) (Pl. 58, fig. lc) the age of both forms is post-Pliensbachian and pre-Kim- meridgian. Measurements. — Dmm H% W% U% R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126204 aperture 47 36 48 31 body ch. 37 45 53 26 { 31 47 56.5 24 st. 126205 aperture 47.5 36 48.5 2IES body ch. 38 42 50 24 Ji c.27 c.44 (c.56) c.24 ? Family MACROCEPHALITIDAE Buckman, 1912 for ? TULITIDAE Buckman, 1921, or ? MAYAITIDAE, Spath, 1928] Subfamily EUCYCLOCERATINAE Spath, 1928 The genera Eucycloceras Spath, 1928, Subkossmatia Spath, 1924, Idiocycloceras Spath, 1928, and ? Nothocephalites Spath, 1928, are retained separately from the macrocephalitids (proper) at the subfamily level [originally as family Eucycloceratidae]; this is based on their clear distinction in costation, coiling, and septal NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 265 suture. They were all included in the Macrocephalitidae in the “Freatise’ (Arkell, ¢¢ al., 1957, p. I. 294). At least in the studied (?) Eucycloceras, the early juvenile septal suture has strongly raised umbilical elements, indicating that the septum is eubullate, 7 .e, the “internal lateral lobe” is U, as in the Tulitidae and not U, as in all other Middle Jurassic sphaerocones including the macro- cephalitids (Westermann, 1956a, p. 258; Schindewolf, 1965, Abb. 248, 262, p. 179). The suture differs from Tulitidae (and Bajocian sphaerocones) in the slender U, but resembles the Bullatimorphites ?n. spp. here described from the Kemaboe Valley ‘pebble assem- blage.’ A similar sutural pattern may possibly also be present in the Upper Jurassic mayaitids although their juvenile stages are still unknown and there is exceptionally strong variation in the adults according to the figures of Spath (1928). It is tentatively suggested elsewhere (Westermann, 1970) to classify both the mayaitids and the eucycloceratids either as subfamilies of the Macrocephalitidae or, alternatively, to place them in a single separate family. Genus EUCYCLOCERAS Spath, 1924 (?) Eucycloceras intermedium Spath, 1928 (4 ?) Pl. 56, figs. 2 a,b 1912. Macrocephalites keeuwensis, sp. nov. 8, Boehm (Sula Is.), Palaeonto- graphica, Suppl. 4, pl. 38, fig. 3 a,b only. 1928. Eucycloceras intermedium, nom. nov., Spath (Cutch), Paleont. Indica, N. S., vol. 9, mem. 2, p. 210, [for preceding]. Material. — Single fragment of one-half whorl of incomplete body chamber and remnant of penultimate whorl, internal mold. Description. — The body chamber fragment (50 mm D) is moderately involute and strongly compressed with flat sides, ver- tical umbilical wall and narrow, slightly tabulate venter. The ribs are sharp, moderately dense and slightly falcoid. The curved proso- radiate primaries bifurcate or trifurcate at or just below mid- flank; the secondaries are rectiradiate but on the shoulder mark- edly projected and prominently arched over the venter. The septal suture is moderately complex with raised umbilical elements on ultimate and penultimate whorls (suggesting that the septum is eubullate) . Discussion. —'This specimen closely resembles the holotype from the Sula Islands, but the specimens figured from northwestern New Guinea by Boehm (1913, pl. 3, fig. 3, ? 4; pl. 4, fig. 4, 25) under 266 BULLETIN 256 the same original name of “Macrocephalites keeuwensis B” are probably more involute and more densely ribbed; these forms seem to be intermediate to Suwbkossmaiia which they resemble in the coiling and ribbing, while they appear to have the venter of Eucycloceras. ? Eucycloceras sp. indet., ¢ ? Pl. 56, figs. 1 a,b Material.— A single small, almost complete specimen, with approximately one-half whorl of body chamber. Description. — The specimen, which may be either a juvenile stage or a microconch, resembles closely the apparently complete microconch figured by Boehm (1913, pl. 4, figs. 3 a,b) from north- western New Guinea under “Macrocephalites keeuwensis y var. bifurcata.” The nucleus (5-10 mm D) has medium evolute whorls with depressed oval section and ventrally arched secondaries. The body chamber (20-33 mm D) becomes less depressed, only slightly broader than high; somewhat prosoradiate primaries of medium strength and spacing bifurcate at almost mid-flank into recti- radiate secondaries which cross over the venter with hardly per- ceptible arch. The septal suture has strongly raised umbilical ele- ments as early as at 5 mm diameter, strongly indicating that the septum is eubullate. Genus SUBKOSSMATIA Spath, 1924 The distinction of Subkossmatia from Eucycloceras appears to be poorly defined, due to the presence of intermediate forms so that separation at the subgeneric level is suggested here, although separation at the generic level was retained in the ‘Treatise.’ Subkossmatia obscura Spath, 1928, boehmi Westermann and Getty, n. subsp. Pl. 56, figs. 3,4 Holotype. — Macrocephalites keeuwensis B -y Boehm, 1913, p. 16, text-fig. 9 and pl. 5, fig. 2 [non Boehm, 1912], from Mamapiri, N.W. New Guinea. The use of the suffices a B y 8 and their combinations by Boehm (1912, 1913) to distinguish varieties of his comprehensive species Macrocephalites keeuwensis does not constitute the estab- lishment of a new name, because they directly contravene Article NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 267 11g of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1964) . They are, therefore, without nomenclatural status and are not available. When Spath (1928, p. 212) emended Boehm’s name to ‘Macrocephalites keewwensis beta-gamma, it is clear that he did not intend to propose a new name, because he still attributed its authorship to Boehm. This action of Spath’s could be regarded as an unjustified emendation. It certainly cannot be regarded as the establishment of the new name ‘Suwbkossmatia beta-gamma, as Arkell (1956, p. 448) erroneously stated. Because the species figured by Boehm (1913, pl. 5, fig. 2) is different from the true Macrocephalites (‘Dolikephalites’) keeu- wensis (Boehm), it is renamed here Subkossmatia obscura Spath boehmi, n. subsp. Diagnosis. — A subspecies of S. obscura with broad almost quad- rate whorls, body chamber with short primaries and dense sec- ondaries. Material. — One body chamber complete except for ventral part of aperture, with incomplete penultimate whorl; one incom- plete body chamber with fragment of penultimate whorl; both in- ternal molds with test remains, from the Kemaboe Valley. Description. — Both specimens resemble closely the holotype from Mamapiri. The moderately involute last phragmocone whorl has extremely dense, sharp, strongly prosoradiate primaries which become much more coarse, widely spaced, and shorter on the body chamber. The whorl section of the body chamber and_penulti- mate whorl is rounded trapezoidal, almost subquadrate, with vertical umbilical slope and flat slightly converging flanks which round into the broad only moderately convex and very slightly tabulate venter. On the body chamber, the primaries divide un- evenly, sometimes dichotomously between 2/5 and 1/2 whorl height into mostly three weakly prosoradiate secondaries which cross prominently over the venter. The last suture of the more complete specimen shows a slender U, and highly raised umbilical elements; the septum is typically bullate with two subequal ex- ternal and internal ‘lateral’ saddles. Similarly raised umbilical ele- ments with narrow Us, are preserved on the penultimate whorl of the other specimen. The aperture is marked on the internal mold by a strongly BULLETIN 256 |e) op) (o/0) oblique curved constriction at least on the flanks; shell and ven- tral part of the aperture are not preserved. Comparison. —This new subspecies is distinguished from Sub- kossmatia obscura Spath [for “Stephanoceras Opis” Waagen, 1875, p. 140, pl. 36, figs. 1 a,b; non “Ammonites Opis” J. de C. Sowerby] by the somewhat broader whorls (end phragmocone: H/W ~ 1.07 vs. ~ 1.27) and the shorter primaries and denser secondaries at least on the body chamber. Contrary to Spath’s opinion (1928, p. 212), both have the same coiling. The similar S. opis (J. deC. Sow- erby) [holotype refigured by Spath, 1928, pl. 38, figs. 2 a,b] ap- pears to be distinguished from S. obscura mainly in the more com- pressed whorls with arched venter and ribs, although no view of the phragmocone venter of S. opis was given and its body cham- ber, where Spath’s (p. 211) reported measurements were taken, seems to be slightly crushed; even to Spath (loc. cit.) the specific distinction appeared doubtful. The primaries of the outer whorls are more strongly prosocline on the holotype of S. opis than on the holotype of S. obscura, although the inner whorls appear to be similarly ribbed. These differences may be less significant than the broader whorl! section, shorter primaries and denser secondaries of the New Guinea form; however, the authors hesitate to dis- tinguish this form more than at the subspecific level from the ob- viously very similar Indian forms which cannot here be revised. A closely affiliated if not identical form from New Guinea was figured by Boehm (1913) under “Macrocephalites keewwen- sis 8”. The larger specimen (op. cit., pl. 4, fig. 4) still has most, of the oblique aperture with strong constriction and peristomal collar. The fragmentary smaller and more evolute specimen figured under the same name (op. cit., pl. 3, fig. 4) may also belong to this sub- species. The supposed “? Labyrinthoceras sp.” of Donovan (in Visser and Hermes, 1962, p. 55) which was restudied in the Shell collection, Rijswijk, has also the typical costation and septal su- ture of Swbkossmatia and a similar whorl section to the new sub- species. NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 269 Measurements. — Dmm W% H% U% R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126210 aperture 88 37.5 36.5 29.5 end phrag. 60 49 46 19.5 st. 126211 body ch. 84 45 43 c.19 Holotype (from figs. of Boehm; text-fig. 9 enlarged ?) aperture c.110 c.36 c.43 c.26 phrag. c.60 47.5 49 177 Superfamily PERISPHINCTACEAE Steinmann, 1890 Family PERISPHINCTIDAE Steinmann, 1890 (?) Subfamily ‘PSEUDOPERISPHINCTINAE’ Schindewolf, 1925 [= Siemiradzkiinae Westermann, 1958; ? = Grossouvriinae Spath, 1930] Genus COBBANITES Imlay, 1962 The genus Cobbanites, based on the type species C. talkeet- nanus Imlay (1962) was compared by its author with the Choffatia- Siemiradzkia [including Pseudoperisphinctes] assemblages of Po- land (see Neumayr, 1871) and northwestern Germany (see West- ermann, 1958), respectively of Upper Bathonian-Lower Callovian and of Upper Bathonian age. Cobbanites was said to be distin- guished by the weaker and denser primaries on the body chamber, the more strongly projected secondaries, and to be generally characterized by the strong, projected constrictions which also dis- tinguish it from the otherwise similar Procerites. Cobbanites is actually a close homeomorph of the Upper Bajocian Leptosphinc- tinae. Because of the absence of a ‘coronate’ stage, Cobbanites is probably best placed in the ‘Pseudoperisphinctinae’ for which was substituted the name Siemiradzkiinae since the nominate genus Pseudoperisphinctes is at best a subgenus of Siemiradzkia (West- ermann, 1958, p. 83); however, the name Grossouvriina Spath, 1930, would have priority if Scemzradzkia and Grossouvria are re- tained in the same subfamily. All hitherto described species are from the Upper Bathonian to Lower Callovian of western North America. Cobbanites (?) sp. aff. C. engleri (Frebold) 1957 1BL byl, wie 3} BLD Material. — One well-preserved internal mold with incomplete 7/8 whorl body chamber, one side slightly crushed. 270 BULLETIN 256 Description. —‘The whorls are evolute and rounded subquad- rate becoming slightly compressed on the body chamber. The pri- maries appear at 2 mm diameter. They soon become strong, al- most bladelike and prosoradiate, arising rapidly on the umbilical margin and reaching maximal height at or slightly above mid- flank; here they bear small tubercles and divide into strongly pro- jected secondaries which at least on the ultimate whorl, are medially more or less completely interrupted by a smooth band. On the long body chamber, the primaries weaken and lengthen gradually while tubercles are missing. There are three strong oblique con- strictions on the ultimate whorl and possibly also on the inner whorls. The internal septal suture is preserved at the end of the phragmocone where the sutures are probably somewhat approxi- mated. The complexity is only moderate but this may be due to ‘senility.’ The E/L saddle is large and bipartite, L somewhat asym- metrically trifid, L/U, bifid and much smaller than E/L, while the umbilical elements are small and moderately suspensive. Comparison. —'There is close resemblance to C. englert (Fre- bold) , especially to the paratype from the basal Callovian Gryphaea bed of Alberta (Frebold, 1957, pl. 40, fig. 1) of which a plaster cast was kindly supplied by Dr. Frebold. However, C. engleri is more compressed and has a more complex septal suture. C. talkeet- nanus Imlay, from the Upper Bathonian and Lower Callovian of southern Alaska and Montana, differs also by more compressed whorls, larger size and less inclined ribs. There is also close resemblance to Leptosphinctes, especially the subgenus Vermisphinctes Buckman which locally abounds in the Upper Bajocian of Europe. While L. (Vermisphinctes) agrees in the moderately complex septal suture, its innermost whorls are usually distinguished by being ‘coronate’ and the ribs less strongly prosocline. Nevertheless, the Leptosphinctinae include a large var- iety of forms, still difficult to classify and largely homeomorphic with the ‘Pseudoperisphinctinae’ being separated partly on their age difference. NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 271 Measurements. — Dmm W% H% U% near aperture adh 26.5 Diep 49 end phrag. 50 27.5 26 49 (?) Superfamily PERISPHINCTACEAE Family indet., nov. ? Genus IRIANITES Westermann and Getty, n. gen. Type species. — Coeloceras moermanni Kruizinga, 1926. Genus diagnosis.— Probably dimorphic; inner whorls planulate, evolute, tabulate, primaries with umbo-lateral bullae and mid- lateral tubercles, secondaries subcontinuous; microconch (male) small and not modified, with lappets; macroconch (female) me- dium-large, becoming strongly inflated and coronate; septal suture simple with reduced U, and suspensive sutural elements. Occurrence. — Indonesia (Sula Is., West Irian, (?) Babar Is.), probably upper Middle Jurassic (M. Bathovian-M. Callovian) . Derivatio nominis. — Pertaining to the abundant occurrence in West Irian. Remarks.— Although the important stratigraphic evidence regarding the association of the microconchiate J. moermanni (Kruizinga) and the macroconchiate dimorphic complement is missing, the resemblance of the inner whorls bearing unusual bituberculate primaries is so striking (Text-fig. 20) that their dimorphic correspondence is strongly indicated. Rather than plac- ing the two forms in different subgenera (and erecting a new ‘macroconchiate’ subgenus) as has usually been the custom, they are tentatively referred to the same species. The only known but significant evidence for faunal associa- tion is a small fragment of a concretion (PI. 55, fig. 4) which con- tains the incomplete lateral impression of a probably macrocon- chiate Irianites together with the partial fragment and impression of a Bullatimorphites? (Treptoceras?), n. sp. A.; the probable age limit is therefore Middle Bathonian to Callovian. The microconch of I. moermanni has been variously placed in Toarcian ‘Coeloceras’ [Catacoeloceras] (Kruizinga, 1926; Ja- worski, 1933) , Lower Pliensbachian Coeloderoceras (Arkell, 1956), 272 BULLETIN 256 ?Un U5 I roy eg ?U4 y e U ae) U b ry (2)Un - + a | if V5, ? U) i . ' ‘+ Vv Text.fig. 13.— Septal suture morphogeny of Jrianites moermanni (Kruizinga) 4 compiled from four specimens from Kemaboe Valley; at whorl height of (a) 0.9 mm. (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126230), (b) 1.0 mm, (c) 2.0 mm, (d) 2.5 mm. (st. 1262135" (e) 3:5 mm! (st) 126231), (f£)) 5:5 mm; and) (2) 122 mmense 126220). and Middle Bajocian Normannites (Donovan in Visser and Her- mes, 1962) and probable Stephanoceras (Boehm, 1908) ; the macro- conch of J. cf. moermanni has either not been found previously ho ~I Go NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY or, more probably, has usually not been separated from Stephano- ceras s.l1. Previous age estimates for Jrianites have thus ranged from the early Lower Jurassic to the middle Middle Jurassic, while late Middle Jurassic (incl. Callovian) is now indicated by faunal asso- ciation. The taxonomic position of ‘Coeloceras’ indicum Kruizinga in Stephanoceras s.l. (Jaworski, 1933; Arkell, 1956; Donovan, op. cit.) is now confirmed; before examining the holotype, the senior author considered it to be the macroconch of J. moermanni. Coeloderoceras Spath is distinguished by ventro-lateral instead of mid-lateral tubercles, the loss of umbo-lateral tubercles or bullae, the somewhat arched venter, and probably the simple aperture. The Dactylioceratidae are similarly distinguished besides having denser ribs, and the umbo-lateral tubercles or bullae are much less prominent if occurring it all. The stephanoceratid microconch Normannites Munier-Chalmas is not tabulate and never bears umbo-lateral bullae or tubercles. The complete septal suture (Text-fig. 13) with its reduction of U, and the adjacent saddles, the deep probable U,, and its overall simplicity, resembles certain Parkinsoniidae (Upper Bajocian to Lower Bathonian). The U, modus (originally as “heterochronic U,”) of Parkinsonia Bayle was observed by Westermann (1956a Abb. 10) and by Schindewolf (1965, pp. 206-212) who, therefore, placed the Parkinsoniidae in the superfamily Stephanocerataceae. However, the fact that in the apparently closely related Garantiana Mascke, U, is usually absent (but present in a few : Schindewolf, 1965, p. 213-218), suggested the restricted taxonomic usefulness of this character, at least regarding higher taxonomic levels. Never- theless, there is resemblance to the Parkinsoniidae also in the tabu- lation of the venter, in the tendency to evolute coiling, and finally, in the ribbing with the exception of the umbo-lateral bullae and the ventral continuity. A somewhat similar suture development is also present in the Morphoceratidae which probably include Asphinctites Buckman (Schindewolf, 1965, pp. 228-231) ; however, the umbilical elements of morphoceratids are straight and other features such as constrictions are absent in Jrianites. There is also superficial resemblance to certain Callovian Kosmoceratidae, in particular to the microconchiate Torricellites Buckman and Gulliel- miceras Buckman which also bear bituberculate primaries; however, ho | BULLETIN 256 the whole family without known exception has the abullidisculate fluting type of the septum, with two subequal ‘internal lateral saddles’, and externally, the large L/U, saddle and U, (Wester- mann, 1956, pp. 242,265; Schindewolf, 1965, pp- 187-191). In con- trast, the septum of Jrianites is of the modified planulate type such as in the stephanoceratids and in most perisphinctids. There is also some resemblance to certain Reineckeiidae (Callovian) . However, as indicated above, identification of U,, in Irianites is somewhat tentative. The deep indentation of the primary ‘internal lateral saddle’ might have originated at its base, which is the flank of (?) U,, and could then be considered a part of a bifid U,; this modus is said to be common among the Lower and early Middle Jurassic ammonites as well as among the late Middle and Upper Jurassic Perisphintaceae (Schindewolf, 1962-66). However, this splitting of U, is usually more or less symmetrical and the early sutural elements are much higher in early Jurassic forms; further- more, Kruizinga’s interpretation of the Jrianites suture bearing a single indented broad ‘second lateral saddle’ is false; this structure is actually composed of two small saddles enclosing a small Us. There is stronger resemblance in the suture to the Perisphinctidae, particularly to their Middle Jurassic representatives which have an inclined inner branch of U, according to Schindewolf (1966, p. 332, ff.) (in the ‘Pseudoperisphinctinae’ originally interpreted as ‘heterochronous U,’). The possibility that Jrianites is a Tithonian or Neocomian berriasellid is excluded through the pre-Kimmeridgian age limita- tion set by Bositra buchi (Roemer) (PI. 58, fig. Ic). lrianites moermanni (Kruizinga, 1926) 2 Pls. 57,58; Text-figs. 13-16, 20-24 21908. Stephanoceras aff. Braikenridgii J. Sowerby sp., Boehm (Barbar Is.), Neues Jb. Min. Geol. Pal., B.B. 25, p. 330, text-fig. 4, pl. 12, fig. 3 [same specimen as Jaworski, 1933, pl. 11, fig. 8] 1926. Coceloceras moermanni n. sp., Kruizinga (Sula Isl.), Jb. Mijnwezen, vol. 54, p. 44, pl. 13, fig. 2, text-fig. on p. 44. 1933. Coeloceras moermanni Kruizinga 1926, Jaworski (Niederl. Indies), Neues Jb. Min. Gecl. Pal., B.B. 70, B, p. 321, text-fig. 6, pl. 11, fig. 1 [holotype refigured ]. ?1933. Coeloceras aff. moermanni Kruizinga, Jaworski, id., p. 323, pl. 11, fig. 8, text-fig. 7 [same specimen as Boehm, 1908, pl. 12, fig. 3]. 1956. Coeloderoceras ?moermanni (Kruizinga), Arkell (World), p. 441. 1962. Normannites cf. moermanni (Kruizinga), Donovan im Visser and Hermes (West New Guinea), Verh. Kon. Ned. Geol. Mijnbouwk, Genoot, Vol. 20, p. 55, encl. 17, figs. 24 a-c. NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 275 Material. — Fifteen more or less complete specimens, several incomplete or juvenile specimens and several fragments (approxi- mately 50 more specimens were retained and only briefly inspected in the Rijksmuseum, Leiden), from the Kemaboe Valley, West Irian. Also two largely crushed specimens from ‘Taliabu, Sula Islands. Description.— The data for the principal morphological fea- tures were plotted in bivariate scatter diagrams (Text-figs. 21-24) , together with the corresponding data of the macroconchiate J. cf. I, moermanni Q (see below). The small microconchiate shell, mostly between 50 and 65 mm (range 45-80 mm) in maximum diameter, is ‘serpenticone’ through- out with evolute, slowly expanding whorls. The whorl section of the nucleus is depressed oval becoming subcircular at about 8 mm diameter; the intermediate whorls are more or less markedly tabu- late; and the outer whorls are subquadrate with narrow steep umbilical wall, flattened sides and venter (Text-fig. 20). The body chamber is 5/8 to 7/8 whorls in length, becomes slightly more evolute and terminates in a lappet-bearing aperture. The exact shape of the lappets is unknown but simple spatulate form is sug- gested. Besides this more common form of about 50-65 mm diameter, there are a few specimens which are distinguished by somewhat larg- er size of up to 80 mm and slightly more inflated whorls (PI. 58, figs. 3,4). The largest lappet-bearing specimens (retained in Leiden) measured 80 mm. This less common form is probably a variety rather than a separate taxon (subspecies?) , a question that cannot be solved with the available specimens without stratigraphic in- formation. However, this question is of importance since the holo- type (see below) appears to belong to this form. The costation consists of characteristic bulli-tuberculate pri- maries with peri-umbilical bullae and mid-lateral tubercles, and high sharp secondaries in groups of twos and threes with bullae- like swellings on the shoulders and some weakening over the venter. ‘The described mode of costation is more or less strongly developed at least on the intermediate and outer whorls while the nucleus up to 8-12 mm diameter may be densely and simply costate with bladelike strongly prosoradiate primaries (20-27/whorl) and similar sharp secondaries. Towards the end of the body chamber, 276 BULLETIN 256 the primaries usually lose bullae and tubercles, again becoming bladelike. Finally, simple bladelike ribs may exceptionally be present, at least on the internal mold, throughout most of the shell (Pl. 57, fig. 4). Some reduction of bullae and tubercles is also present in the larger slightly more inflated specimens. The mature septal suture (Text-fig. 13 g) is weakly incised with less than average complexity. The morphogeny has been ob- served commencing at about 3 mm diameter; however, the series of observations is composed from several specimens. At 0.9 mm whorl height (H), the internal suture appears to have a broad single saddle which is weakly indented by a lobe on the outer part of its crest. Slightly later, this lobe is in almost straight to somewhat oblique position dividing a larger inner from a slightly to markedly smaller outer saddle; this element is almost certainly U, (earlier called “heterochronic U,’”), rather than a branch of a bifid U,. E is broad and deep; the adjacent external saddle is large and broad; L is broad and short-stemmed; the adjacent L/U, saddle and Uy, are small, more or less straight, and the following U:/Us; saddle is of similar size, the three elements almost appearing as a single broad bipartite saddle. The suture then drops sharply beside the seam to the moderately low, simple (?) U;. The small element dorsally adjacent to the seam is probably the reduced U, (alternately, no U,; and U, would be developed and all sutural elements would belong to U,). Holotype and ‘quasi-topotypes’. — The holotype, found ex situ in the Sula Islands, was newly described and figured by Jaworski (1933) ; Jaworski’s photograph, his drawing of the body chamber whorl section and measurements, as well as Kruizinga’s (1926) original drawing of the septal suture which was verified by Jawor- ski, are here reproduced (Text-fig. 14). However, the search for the type specimens in the Mineralogical and Geological Museum in Delft where the collection was originally deposited, as well as in the Geological Institute in Amsterdam, where the other type speci- mens described by Kruizinga are now deposited, was unsuccessful. The holotype was apparently somewhat developed from the matrix by Jaworski enabling him to make more accurate measurements of the last whorl; the body chamber (at about 1/3 whorl length) is somewhat compressed and not depressed as originally described. NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 277 .ooec wreen, Text-fig. 14.— Holotype of Irianites moermanni (Kruizinga) @¢@. Lateral view and whorl section reproduced from Jaworski (1933, pl. 7, fig. 7, and text- fig 6); septal suture reproduced from Kruizinga (1926, Text-fig. on p. 44). Approximately x1. The end of the phragmocone is marked by several approximated septal sutures (see Kruizinga’s original figure) at c. 50 mm D; only 1/3 whorl of the body chamber is well preserved while about an additional 1/4 whorl is damaged so that the original maximum diameter was close to 70 mm, approaching the largest specimen described herein. However, none of the body chambers of the New Guinea specimens is as strongly compressed as the holotype (W/H = 0.8; Jaworski’s measurement). Fortunately, two partly crushed specimens from Tangi, Wai Miha, Taliabu, in the Sula Islands, were found in Brouwer’s collection (Geological Inst., Amsterdam, catalogue No. Z 8639) from which the missing holotype was taken. These specimens bear the original labels “Coeloceras moermannt” and probably are the ones mentioned in the text by Kruizinga (1926, p. 45, 3 rd. line). The larger one of the ‘quasi- topotypes’ is here figured (Text-fig. 15). There can be little doubt that these specimens are conspecific with the holotype and with the microconchs described herein from West Irian. Significantly, BULLETIN 256 | Ne) ~I io 6) Text-figs.15-16.— Irianites moermanni (Kruizinga) ¢. 15, ‘quasi-topotype’ from Tangi, Wai Miha, Taliabu in the Sula Islands. (Geol. Inst., Univ. Amsterdam, Z 8639) x1. 16, specimen from South Geelvink Bay, West Irian (also figured in Visser and Hermes, 1962, encl. 17, figs. 24 a-c) (Shell Res. ab. aU trecht. 1s. s39190) d))rextt Brouwer’s collection from Wai Miha, also includes a single large macroconch (Text-fig. 18) which closely resembles the macrocon- chiate Irianites cf. I. moermanni here described from West Irian. Because the search for the holotype is not yet concluded and since the ‘quasi-topotypes’ are poorly preserved, no lectotype or neotype is now designated. Comparison and dimorphic correspondence. —'The single frag- mentary specimen consisting of incomplete body chamber and part of the phragmocone, which was described by Boehm (1908, p. 330, pl. 12, fig. 3, text-fig. 3) from Babar Island, approximately 600 km southwest of New Guinea, was also studied by Jaworski (1933, p- 323, pl. 11, fig. 8, text-figs. 7a,b) and probably correctly placed in Close affinity to J. moermanni. ‘The photographic reproductions and drawings of this important specimen are here reproduced (Text-fig. 17). According to Jaworski who had the specimens at NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 279 eS Text-fig. 17.—JIrianites (?) aff. I. moermanni (Kruizinga) ¢, from the island of Babar, N.E. of Timor. Side view from Boehm (1908, pl. 12, fig. 3) ; ventral view and section of ultimate and penultimate whorls from Jaworski (1933, pl. 11, fig. 8 and text-fig. 7a-b). Approximately x1. hand, the Babar specimen is distinguished from I. moermanni merely by the “absence of the peri-umbilical tubercle-line’”’ (trans- lated from German). However, Jaworski’s drawings of the whorl- section indicate that the Babar specimen has bladelike primaries and more depressed, nontabulate whorls. Generic identity is highly probable, although the Babar specimen appears to belong to a new species. The striking similarity of the phragmocone with the inner and intermediate whorls of the macroconchiate Jrianites cf. I. moer- manni (Text-figs. 20-24) is discussed under the description of the latter form. One cannot help but draw the tentative conclusion that their relationship is that of complementary sexual dimorphs. Age.— Two incomplete valves and one almost complete valve of Bositra buchi (F. A. Roemer) (1936, pl. 4, fig. 8; original spell- ing as “Buchii”) [ = Posidonia alpina and P. ornati auct.] were embedded in the matrix at the aperture of a complete although damaged specimen of Jrianites moermanni 6 (R. G. M. Leiden, st. 126217) from Kemaboe Valley. The side view of the ammonite (Pl. 58, fig. 1 a) shows one of the incomplete pyritized valves (the 280 BULLETIN 256 rest is inside the peristome and could therefore not be prepared) ; the almost complete valve is shown enlarged (PI. 58, fig. 1 c) and closely resembles the Bathonian-Callovian specimens recently figured by Jefferies and Minton (1965, pl. 19, figs. 4, 7). According to these authors, who have reviewed much of the previous literature (op. cit., p. 156-157), B. buchi ranges from the Toarcian to the Oxfordian and its upper limit coincides with that of the genus and of the entire posidoniid family. This most unambiguous bivalve occurrence therefore significantly restricts the age of Irianites — and indirectly that of the Bullatimorphites-like forms which were associated with it in a single block —to pre-Kimmeridgian and, probably, post-Pliensbachian. Measurements. — Dmm H% W% U% P R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126212 aperture 55 30 e015) 49 15 body ch. 41.2 30 shill 45 12 phragm. 30.5 34.5 34.5 44.5 11.5 * 15 37 40 46 —_ f 8.2 29 43 _ _— st. 126200 body ch. 68.8 29 c.32 47 18 4 60 26 32 49 15 £ 52 28 33 49 14 phragm. 45.2 2) 775) 50 13 rs 24.5 33 38 46 11 5 13.5 33 45 39 c.1l a 5 40 56 50 c.12 st. 126213 body ch. 58.0 28.5 31 47 14 phragm. 36.2 26 Sis 43 11 ‘. 19.0 36 C37 38 10 rf 9.6 34.5 42 40 11 y 4.3 42 58 40 — st. 126215 aperture 54.5 30.5 30.5 49.5 16.5 os 41 28 DHS c.48.5 c.13 phragm. 3200 29 26.5 49 12 - 19.5 31 33.5 38.5 12 st. 126216 body ch. Gil 5) 28.5 29.5 50 12.5 e 40 Dies 27 47.5 12 phragm. 30.5 30 26.5 43 11.5 4 583 33 33 42.5 12.5 eS 133 29 46.5 41 —_ st. 126217 aperture 65 26 28 47 14 body ch. 41 29.5 32 44 = NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 281 Text-figs. 18a-b. — Irianites cf. I. moermanni (Kruizinga) 9, from the Derr-ta section of Wai Miha, Taliabu, Sula Islands. (Rijksmuseum Delft, 14885) x1. (18b: apertural view, see p. 282.) Irianites cf. |. moermanni (Kruizinga) ° Pls. 59-62; Text-figs. 19-24 Diagnosis. — Shell large; inner whorls planulate, tabulate, with bituberculate primaries; outer whorl inflated, coronate, Stemmato- ceras-to Teloceras-like. Material. — One well-preserved specimen and at least 20 moder- ately to poorly preserved partly fragmented specimens; several im- mature specimens probably identical with this macroconchiate form. All are internal molds with minor test remains without apertures, from the Kemaboe Valley. 282 BULLETIN 256 Text-fig. 18b (see Text-fig. 18a, p. 281) Description. —'The inner whorls (< 40-55 mm diameter) are evolute with slightly depressed to subcircular section, soon becoming tabulate and somewhat subquadrate. The primaries are bullate at the umbilical edge and tuberculate at mid-flank where they divide into two secondaries with occasional intercalatories. The secondaries are raised on the shoulder and somewhat weakened over the venter which they go straight across. The outer whorls (> 40-55 mm diameter) become rapidly much more inflated, through positive allometric width growth, and depressed subelliptical in section (Text-figs. 20,21,23) ; the ventral tabulation weakens or becomes obsolete, finally being lost in the New GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 283 Text-fig. 19.— Adult septal suture of Jrianites cf. I, moermanni (Kruizinga) Q, at approximately 25 mm whorl height. (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126222). largest whorls. The umbo-lateral bullae persist for some time mov- ing somewhat higher on the inner flank, and finally fuse with the lateral tubercles, situated high on the lateral edge, to form short bladelike ribs. The strong secondaries, in twos with frequent single intercalaries, cross more or less straight and undiminished over the broad venter. The outer 114-2 whorls are therefore typically ‘coronate’. The body chamber occupies nearly one whorl in the largest more or less complete specimens measuring 80-90 mm diameter, but the aperture is not preserved in any. Taking into consideration several large fragments, the terminal diameter was approximately 90-120 mm. The adult septal suture (Text-fig. 19) is weakly incised only. L is broad and short-rooted; the adjacent simple (‘second’) lateral saddle L/U, is about as high as the external saddle E/L and only slightly higher but much broader than the oblique ‘third lateral’ saddle U2/U3, which is separated by the small simple lobe U,; the suture drops sharply adjacent to the umbilical seam with one or two small oblique elements probably belonging to U3; the internal suture consists of a dissimilar saddle pair, the inner one being about twice as large as the outer one, separated by a large almost straight ‘internal lateral’ lobe (U,?); the lobe adjacent to the seam (? U,) is approximately as deep as the ‘internal lateral’ lobe. Comparison and dimorphic correspondence. — Although super- ficially resembling Stemmatoceras or, if fully grown, Teloceras (both probably best classified as subgenera of Stephanoceras) , this form is clearly distinguished by the planulate and tabulate inner 284 BULLETIN 256 whorls, the presence of umbo-lateral bullae, and by the simpler septal suture. On the other hand, the inner whorls up to about 50 mm diameter match perfectly the microconchiate Jrianites moermanni (Kruizinga), described above, in all studied features, i.e. whorl section, coiling, costation and septal suture. Although the aperture is not preserved, the modified large outer whorls are certain indicators of macrochonchiate, 7.e. female, shells. The scatter diagrams (Text-figs. 21-24) for whorl section (W:H), relative width (W:D), relative umbilical width (U:D) , and density of primaries (P) of all specimens at hand from Kemaboe Valley, including several immature specimens of intermediate size which could not be assigned to either micro- or macroconch, illustrate this resemblance. Whorl width is negatively allometric for the innermost whorls, becoming approximately isometric for microconchs (4) and macroconchs (?) at 20-25 mm D (W~30-40% of D) .Thereafter [> (35) 40-55 mm D], however, the macroconchs here described differ strongly from the microchonchiate J. moermanni shells: whorl width is now strongly positive allometric up to the end of the conch, while isometry is approximately retained in the microconchs (ex- cept for insignificant negative allometry at the end of the body chamber) . Since whorl height grows more or less isometric and is similar in both forms (not shown), the plot for whorl section re- sembles that for whorl width; i.e. there is strong positive allometry in the mature macroconchs only, W/H changing from 1.0-1.3 to to 1.4-1.8. Growth of umbilical width is isometric and equal in both forms from the innermost whorls to about 45 mm _ diameter (38-49% of D), but thereafter becomes slightly positive for the body chamber of the microconchs and possibly very weakly nega- tive for the mature macroconchs. The density of primaries (num- ber/whorl) is, again, identical for both forms; the juvenile reduc- tion of density up to 15-25 (30) mm diameter is followed by an in- crease from about 20-25 primaries per whorl to 27-35 on the mature whorls, although there is possibly a slower increase in the macro- conchs. The strong resemblance between both forms clearly in- dicates dimorphic correspondence. Significantly, a closely related form is also present (Text-fig. 18, 140 mm D) in the Brouwer col- lection from Wai Miha, Sula Islands (Miner. and Geol. Museum Delft, No. 14885), together with two microconchiate I moermannti NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 285 d Text-figs. 20a-d.— Cross section of Irianites, gray indicating body chamber; a-b, I. cf. I. moermanni (Kruizinga) @ (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126221 and 126229) ; c-d, J. moermanni 6 (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126212 and 126220). x1. 50 40 20-r 10F 286 BULLETIN 256 PHRAGM BODY CH | APERT a 4 3 1. moermanni oe « |. cf.moermanni @ = 1 t x * juv ) (0) iS : a = : (ies aye oe ‘a o OF 3 a 2 ry . ete) ote)" Aches. = oe ey © @.° in alee 4 4 Ko 9 2. See ¥ 2 °- * Pres an - . e of a Kale) 66) “ 6 as” a F* e . : ss? S rg a pe ee eee 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 DB mm Text-fig. 21— Scatter of whorl width against diameter (W:D) for IJrianites, whole collection at hand from Kemaboe Valley; including J. moermanni (Kruizinga) ¢, I. cf. J. moermanni 9, I. moermanni (?) @ or Q, and J. moermanni juy. For simplicity, no individual growth lines are indicated. (see above, Text-fig. 15). However, this macroconch has apparently not previously been described or figured. The single large specimen from the same Brouwer collection of the Sula Islands described by Kruizinga (1926, p. 46, pl. 14, fig. 1) under the new name Coeloceras indicum was first believed to be identical with this Jrianites macroconch. However, the study of the holotype in the Geological Institute, Amsterdam, showed this to be a typical Stephanoceras (Teloceras); the primaries rise gradu- ally up to the mid-lateral strong tubercles or spines. At the end of NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 287 50 | PHRAGM |Booy cH. | APERT | _ a 4) \ x = moermanni 40 - @ Cc | |. cf.moermanni ¢ , = |t . ~ x | * | | juy 2 iS ve SOF OE ae Z eer DO ee vial eee i Tire ay \O ° 20- AS Z Ae 0 MG ae wae bs 2 aie 10 - Zig fy LA ODT a eee ZS AL | gb i: wat 2s ie 1 = es a ee ee = | ee 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 D mm Text-fig. 22.— Scatter of umbilical width against diameter (U:D) _ for Trianites, whole collection at hand from Kemaboe Valley (as in Text-fig. 21). Only two individual growth lines are indicated (body chamber dotted). the phragmocone, made visible after partial removal of the body chamber, the secondaries are rather blunt and densely spaced. Contrary to Arkell’s (1956, p. 440) opinion, the strongly worn body chamber was probably ribbed to the end (Text-fig. 9). The umbilical suture is shown by Kruizinga (1926, fig. on p. 46) . Stem- matoceras etheridgei Gerth (1927) from New Guinea is probably distinct from S. indicum, apparently having less developed primaries and denser secondaries at similar diameter (Text-fig. 8). U/W 0.5 90 288 BULLETIN 256 Measurements — Dmm H% W% U% P R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126221 body ch. 84 31 49.5 43 c.14 ‘ 66 32.5 47 42 — phragm. 55 32 36.5 46 14 a 38.4 30 34 45.5 13 st. 126229 body ch. 63.3 31 42 43 14 = 51 31 34.5 43.5 13 phragm. 39 34.5 35.5 43 11.5 ~ 14.2 42 39 43 13 cs 4.6 43.5 54 43.5 _ (L 136) body ch. 54.7 31 43 39 12.5 s 41 34 41 41.5 12 phragm. 32 35 39 45 Tes i 16.7 31 36 42 10.5 « 6.1 41 46 36 — st 3 33.5 53 36.5 -- “ 1.4 36 71 28.5 _— st. 126228 body ch. 57.2 32 42.5 42 14.5 phragm. c:39 €:33 c.41 c.45 13 st. 126224 body ch. 81 32 41.5 — _ ss 69 33 48 — — phragm. 54 33 43 — — Stoal26223 body ch. 90 29 46.5 —- ~ ss 75 31 50 -- — phragm. 23 28.5 c.39 — — st. 126222 phragm. c.78 c.38 c.66 _ — ‘s c.30 C5 c.47 _ — FAUNAL AFFINITIES AND AGES The Le Roux fossil collection from the Kemaboe Valley, West Irian, is made up of the following Middle Jurassic to basal Cre- taceous ammonite species (number of specimens in parenthesis) : Bajocian: Fontannesia alt. F. clarkei (Crick) [subsp. kiliani (Kruizinga) ] (7) NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 289 50 2 40 WwW mm 30 20 Fs) 10 a ve ost, a f A 1. moermanni oy af e |. cf. moermanni © ai? = uy ater x " juyv i Z 10 20 30 40 H mm Text-fig. 23.— Scatter of whorl section, 7.e. whorl width against whorl height (W:H), for Irianites, whole collection at hand from Kemaboe Valley (as in Text-fig. 21). Only a single individual growth line is indicated (body chamber dotted). Docidoceras (Docidoceras) longaluum cf. limatum (Pompeckj) 2 (1) DS (1D: sp. indet. (1) Stephanoceras (Stephanoceras) aff. S. humphriesianum (J. de C. Sowerby) 2 (1) 33/5 30 BULLETIN 256 290 aa a ! ae 1 es ; = Bat ! ya / / / i / | / | } / ; F / I / / 1 ! / ae | / 1) 5 / ! { Ui / é / i / / / f ; - ) ON a r is / a ) ‘ | rf t ! uw y; ! / F wy Oy | ek. | Ae en en {@- - —5- St i 50) 7a / - 47 / oe , - Fa, / Se / / ee / U ae 4 o- fe i a] ie!) a / 2 / we / / / 25+ / ere PHRAGM |Bovy cH | APERT a ‘ Aa | m 1, moermanni fou e © 1} 1, cf.moermanni © a i a oO " Que x * " juy \ 80 20 50 60 70 20 30 40 D mm 10 Text-fig. 24. — Scatter of rib density, 7.e. primaries per whorl against diameter (P.D.), for Irianites, whole collection at hand from Kemaboe Valley (as in are indicated (body chamber (1) (1) Text-fig. 21). Most individual growth lines dotted). (2?) S. (Stemmatoceras?) etheridget (Gerth) 9 S. (Stemmatoceras?) etheridgei (Gerth) ?, 6 [Itinsaites] Bathonian-Callovian: Bullatimorphites ?, n. sp. 2 (5-8) B. (?) (Treptoceras?) aff. B. microstoma (d’Orbigny) é (1) B. (T.) aff. B. uhligi (Popovici-Hatzeg) 4 (2-3) (c:25) B. (?) (T. ?) costidensus, n. sp. 3 NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 291 JE ral IES F) eo A OF 2 oats) (8) (2) Cobbanites aff. C. engleri (Freebold) [?? Leptosphinctes | (1) Irianites moermanni (Kruizinga) 6 (65-75) I. cf. I. moermanni (Kruizinga) & (25-30) Callovian: (?) Eucycloceras intermedium Spath (4?) (1) >? E. sp. indet., 3? (1) Subkossmatia obscura boehmi, n. subsp. (2) Upper Tithonian-Valanginian: Blanfordiceras wallichi novaguinense Gerth (2) B. sp. indet. (4) Himalayites aff. H. nederburghi Boehm (1) Olcostephanus (‘Rogersites’) sp. indet. (1) Most of the Lower Bajocian (s.s.) to Middle Callovian am- monite species, as well as most genera here described, are either new to Indonesia (including West Irian) or have previously been wrongly classified. Docidoceras , Bullatimorphites (Treptoceras) , Stephanoceras s.s. and (2?) Cobbanites are new to the entire south- eastern Asia-Australia area; only Jrianites appears to be endemic to eastern Indonesia. Lower Bajocian (Text-fig. 25 a).—Fontannesia aff. F. clarket (Crick) may be identical with the dubious ‘Grammoceras kilianv’ (Kruizinga) from the Sula Islands, which, if indeed a Fontannesia, may best be classified as a subspecies of F. clarkez s.l. Significantly, F. cf. F. clarkei has recently (Bremer, 1966) been described from the lower S. sowerbyi Zone of Turkey in the easternmost Mediter- ranean occurrence of Fontannesia . Anatolia appears also to be the only hitherto known occurrence of Docidoceras longaluum limatum (Pompeckj) (op.cit.) the distribution of which is now tentatively extended to New Guinea. The two species are good indicators for the S. sowerbyi Zone, probably its lower part, the L. discites Sub- zone (of Europe) which is also the age of the Anatolian occurrence. This close affinity suggests direct migration from the eastern Medi- terranean to New Guinea (wherever it may have been located during Jurassic time). Surprisingly, unquestionable Docidoceras has not been reported from the fossiliferous Western Australian 29? BULLETIN 256 A * Fontannesia a) 7 We © Docidoceras s.s. ant i= a Stephanoceras s.|. Ss (incl. Normannites s.1.) Text-figs. 25a-b.— Known geographic distribution of the Bajocian-Callovian Ammonitina genera and subgenera occurring in the Kemaboe Valley; plotted on a North polar projection of the Recent globe. (25b, see p. 293.) assemblage of the same age (Akell, 1954) with the possible ex- ception of the single microconchiate Docidoceras? (Trilobiticeras ?) depressum (Whitehouse) and the fragments of ‘Otoztes aff. anti- podus’ Arkell (op. cit., pl. 32, figs. 1 a,b). The supposed American occurrences of Fontannesia (Arkell) 1956, 1957) are based respectively on a single record without description or figure from British Columbia (Crickmay, 1930) NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 293 B # Bullatimorphites s.|. (incl. Treptoceras) @ Subkossmatia and Be Eucycloceras esis ee 2 a Cobbanites Ss Text-fig. 25b (see 25a, p. 292) and probably on the ‘Fontannesia austroamericana’ Jaworski (1926) from Mendoza, Argentina, a single probably microconchiate speci- men of uncertain affinities. Reliable occurrences of Fontannesia are therefore restricted to Europe, Anatolia, Australia, and New Guinea. The ‘reticulate’ geographic distribution of Docidoceras and closely related Otoitidae was recently discussed (Westermann, 1969, Bull. Amer. Paleont., vol. 57. No. 255). The confirmed distribution of Docidoceras s.s resembles that of Fontannesia, i. e. Europe, N.W. Africa, Anatolia, and New Guinea, while 294 BULLETIN 256 records from North America refer either to the southwestern Alaskan D. (Pseudocidoceras) or to records from Oregon (Lupher, 1941). However, some early Bajocian stephanoceratids recently de- scribed by Imlay (1964) from southeastern Alaska under Stephano- ceras (Skirroceras) could possibly be Docidoceras s.s. [cf. S. (K.) nelchianus Imlay, pl. 15, fig. 6, and S. (K.) juhlei, pl. 16, fig. 6]. Unfortunately, the complete septal sutures of the best material cannot be investigated because this would mean breaking up type specimens. However, one undescribed specimen of S. (K.) cf. S. nelchianum (Imlay’s identification) from U.S. Geological Survey locality 24120 has a suture intermediate between that of Docidoceras and Stephanoceras with a dissimilar pair of ‘internal lateral’ saddles divided by an almost straight U,; significantly, the listed assemblage from this locality (Imlay, 1964, Table 12) suggests early Bajocian age [‘Sonninia cf. S. nodata Buckman’ — S. (Alaskoceras) aff. S. alaskensis Westermann; ‘S. cf. S. patella Waagen’ — Planammatoceras cf. P. benneri (Hoffmann) ; ‘Witchellia cf. laeviuscula (J. de C. Sowerby)’]. Although this species is therefore probably correctly placed in Stephanoceras (subgen. Skirroceras or Kumatostephanus), this early Alaskan stephanoceratid suggests the evolution of the family from evolute Docidoceras, D. longalvuum group, of the Otoitidae. Middle Bajocian. (Text-fig. 25 a). — Stephanoceras (Stemma- toceras?) etheridgei (Gerth), based on an incomplete macroconch (holotype here refigured), is apparently known only from New Guinea and probably distinct from the large but poorly known S. indicum (Kruizinga), originally described from the Sula Islands. Probably two of the ‘Stemmatoceras’ from the Langgeroe area figured in Visser and Hermes (1962, encl. 17, figs. 16 a,b and 19 a-c) belong to £. etheridgei while others resemble closely S. (Teloceras) itinsae (figs. 20 a,b), S. albertense (figs. 22 a,b) and ‘Itinsaites’ itinsae , McLearn spp., from the S. humphriesianum Zone of the North American Cordilleras. Closely affiliated with S. (Teloceras) itinsae (McLearn) and S. palliseri (McLearn), also described from the northern Cordilleras, is the Mamapiri (Langgeroe area) specimen figured by Boehm (1913, text-fig. 3, pl. 3, fig. 2). Signifi- cantly a similar specimen has recently also been found in the Malargiie area of Mendoza, Argentina (unpublished) . NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 295 Of particular interest is the discovery of a typical Stephano- ceras of the S. humphriesianum group which now appears almost cosmopolitan in distribution; S$. caamanoi (McLearn) is one of possibly several northeastern Pacific representatives and a specimen from north-central Chile has been recorded (Westermann, 1967, p. 68). Several subgenera of Stephanoceras which are in part inter- mediate to Cadomites and of early Upper Bajocian age, occur in the Western Interior United States (Imlay, 1961, 1967), Mexico (S. undulatum Burckhardt), Chile and Argentina (Steinmann, 1881; Westermann, 1967) . (Upper) Bathonian -(Middle) Callovian.— ‘The larger part of the Kemaboe Valley ammonites appears to be endemic to the eastern Indonesia area and cannot be dated accurately, but is placed with some confidence in this interval. Surprisingly, the collection did not contain a single Macrocephalites s.l., probably the most ubi- quitous and common group in the whole Indo-West Pacific Callo- vian. However, the presence of the Middle Callovian eucycloceratids leaves no doubt that this stage is represented. Of particular interest are several species, all tentatively classi- fied under Bullatimorphites, with both macro-and microconch; the genus was previously almost unknown from the circumpacific area, with the single exception of B. sofanum (Boehm) from the Sula Islands. All species, however, differ from the typically European- southwestern Asian Bullatimorphites in the dense and_ usually curved ribbing of at least the inner whorls, the more regularly coiled body chamber, and the relatively narrow Uy, lobe. In the costation they resemble the Middle Callovian Eucycloceratinae Eucycloceras , Subkossmatia, and Idiocycloceras which, west of Geel- vink Bay and on the Sula Islands appear to be profusely repre- sented but were largely misidentified with Macrocephalites spp. (Boehm, 1912,1913). Significantly, Bullatimorphites sofanum (Boehm) and ? B. (Treptoceras) sp. have recently also been found in the M. macrocephalus Zone of Neuquén in the southern Andes (unpublished) . The most important species for correlation is B. (Treptoceras) aff. B. uhligt (Popovici-Hatzeg) , which also occurs at the Wairori River (Gerth, 1927, p. 226: “Sphaeroceras cf. bullatum d’Orb.”; refigured here for the first time, Text-fig. 10). B. whligi [“ B. sue- 296 BULLETIN 256 vicus (Roemer) ” auct.] and closely affiliated B. crimaciense Enay [“A. microstoma”, Quenstedt 1886, non d’Orbigny] occur in the shaly facies of the Upper Bathonian and Lower Callovian of Europe (Germany, Romania), and “B. suevicus” was recorded from the Upper Bathonian of the Pamirs (fide Arkell, 1956, p. 403) . The single B. (T.) aff. B. microstoma (d’Orbigny) resembles the Middle to Upper Bathonian European species. The more abundant new species which are only tentatively placed in Bullatimorphites, however, appear intermediate to the Middle Callovian Eucycloceratinae which they resemble except for the much more depressed whorl section. Only the most common form, B. ? costidensus, is named although at least three different forms are present. Morphological affinity with the Eucycloceratinae suggests that most of the tentative Bullatimorphites may be phylogenetic inter- mediates between Tulitidae and Eucycloceratinae, 7.e. that the latter subfamily evolved from ‘Tulitidae rather than from Sphaero- ceratinae as assumed previously, a derivation retained only for the Macrocephalitinae (Macrocephalites s.l.). This supposition would also imply that this Indonesian Bullatimorphites ? costidensus group is among the last if not representing the latest part of the ‘Tuli- tidae, and possibly of Middle Callovian age. Such age would also explain the absence in the collection of Macrocephalites s.l. (as would, of course, a Bathonian age). At least in part associated with the B. ? costidensus group (same concretion) is the almost certainly dimorphic Jrianites moermanni (Kruizinga) , a species and genus probably endemic to eastern Indonesia-New Guinea. J. moermanni is also associated with Bositra buchi (Roemer) which has a known vertical range from the Toarcian to the Oxfordian. Another unnamed species probably occurs in undated beds of Babar Island, northeast of ‘Timor (Boehm, 1908; Jaworski, 1933). Trianites is somewhat tentatively placed in the Perisphinctaceae and possibly closest affiliated with ‘Pseudoperisphinctinae’. Callovian.— The New Guinean ‘Macrocephalites keeuwensis By Boehm (1913, pl. 5, fig. 2), identified by Spath (1924, p. 212) with Subkossmatia ‘beta-gamma’, closely resembles the Kutch species Subkossmatia opis (Waagen) and the closely related S. NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 297 obscura Spath and is here given the proper name S. obscura boehmi, n.subsp. The Sula Islands species Eycycloceras intermedium Spath is probably also present. Both forms appear intimately related and the genera are probably best united. Eucycloceras and Subkossmatia are typical of the greater Indian Ocean area, although Ewcycloceras is also reported from North Africa (Arkell, 1957, p. L 294). In the famous Kutch section, both genera are restricted to the upper Reineckeia rehmanni Zone (Spath, 1933, p. 676) which is now placed in the lower but not basal part of the Middle Callovian, equivalent to the higher parts of the northwest European K. jason Zone, where Macrocephalites 5.1. has become extinct (Callomon, 1955). The perisphinctid (?) Cobbanites aff. C. englert (Frebold) re- sembles this basal Callovian species from Alberta and to a lesser degree, C. talkeetnanus Imlay from the Upper Bathonian and Lower Callovian of southern Alaska and Montana. In summary, — the studied ammonites from the Kemaboe Valley clearly indicate the Lower and the Middle Bajocian (exclusive of Aalenian) and the lower Middle Callovian, while Middle Bathon- ian-Lower Callovian (probably Upper Bathonian) is tentatively suggested; however, it is possible that only Bajocian and Middle Callovian are present. The faunal affinities are strongly Mediter- ranean in the Lower Bajocian (S. sowerbyi Zone), cosmopolitan, somewhat eastern Pacific in the Middle Bajocian and mainly ‘Indic’ in the (Middle Bathonian to) Middle Callovian, with weak en- demism in the Bajocian and strong endemism in the later faunas. Considering all Bajocian to Callovian ammonite genera now known from New Guinea (Table 1): Lower Bajocian is repre- sented by Docidoceras s.s., Fontannesia and Pseudotoites; the Mid- dle Bajocian by diverse Stephanoceras s.l. and Chondroceras; doubtful Upper Bajocian by Chondroceras 2(Praetulites) and pos- sibly by Cadomites ? 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Bull. 52, No. 2, pp. 219-269. Martin, K. ; 1911. Paldozoische, mesozoische und kdnozoische sedimente aus dem Stidwestlichen Neuguinea. Samml. Geol. Reichsmus. Leiden, Ser. 1, vol. 9, pp. 84-107, pl. 8. Mascke, E. 1907. Die Stephanoceras — Verwandten in den Coronatenschichten von Norddeutschland. Gottingen, 38 pp. 300 BULLETIN 256 Neumayr, M. 1871. Die Cephalopoden-Fauna der Oolithe von Balin bei Krakau. Abh. k.k. geol. Reichsanst., vol. 5, Heft 2, p. 19 1875. Die Ammonites der Kreide und die Systematik der Ammonitiden. Zeitschr. deutsch. geol. Gesell., Bd. 27, pp. 854-892. Orbigny, A. d’ 1842-51. Paléontologie frangaise; Terrains jurassiques. I. Céphalopodes Paris, 642 pp., 234 pls. Pompeckj, J. F. 1897. Paldontologische und _ stratigraphische Notizen aus Anatolien. Zeitschr. deutsche geol. Ges., vol. 49, pp. 713-828, pls. 29-31. Quenstedt, F. A. 1883-8. Die Ammoniten des Schwabischen Jura. Three vols., text and 3 vols. atlas, Stuttgart, 1140 pp., 126 pls. Renz, C. 1925. Beitrdge zur Cephaloden-fauna des dlteren Doggers am Monte San Giuliano (Monte Erice) bei Trapani in West Sizilien. Abhandl. schweiz. Paladont. Ges., vol. 45, pp. 1-33. Roemer, F. A. 1836. Die Versteinerungen des norddeutschen Oolithengebirges. Hannover. Pp. 1-218, 16 pls. Roemer, J. 1911. Die Fauna der Aspidoides-Schichten von Lechstedt bei Hildesheim. Hannover (Riemenschneider). Pp. 1-64, 12 pls. Schindewolf, O. H. 1925. Entwurf einer Systematik der Perisphincten. Neues Jahrb. Min. Geol. Palaont., B-B 52, pp. 309-343. 1965-66. Studien zur Stammesgeschichte der Ammoniten. Liefg. 4-6. Akad. Wiss. Liter. (Mainz), Abh. Math.-Naturwiss, Kl., Jahrg. 1965 and 1966, pp. 137 (407) -238 (508) , 323 (509) -454 (640) , 719 (641) -808(730). Sowerby, J., and J. de C. Sowerby 1812-29. Mineral Conchology of Great Britain, Pts. 1-6, See Bull. Amer. Paleont., vol. 48, 1965, pp. 429, 430. Spath, L. F. 1924. On the Blake Collection of ammonites from Kachh, India. Mem. Geol. Sur. India, Palaeont. Indica, N.S., vol. 9, mem. 1, pp. 1-29. 1927-1933. Revision of the Jurassic Cephalopods of Kachh (Cutch). Mem. Geol. Sur. India, Palaeont. Indica, N.S., vol. 9, mem. 2, pts. 1-6, 945 pp., 130 pls. 1939. On Jurassic ammonites from Western Australia. Roy. Soc. W. Austr., Jour., vol. 25, pp. 123-135, pls. 1-2. Steinmann, G. 1890. Im G. Steinmann and L. Déderlein. Elemente der Paldontologie. Leipzig, 2 Hft., pp. xi, xix, 848. Sturani, E. 1964a. La successione delle faune ad ammoniti nelle formazioni medio- guirassiche delle Prealpi Venete occidentali (Regione tra il Lago di Garda e la Valle del Brenta). Mem. Inst. Geol. Miner. Univ. Padova, vol. 24, pp. 1-63, pls. 1-6. NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 301 1964b. Ammoniti mediogiurassiche del Veneto. Faune del Baiociano termi- Vacek, M. 1886. nale (Zone a Garantiana e a Parkinsoni). Mem. Inst. Geol. Miner. Univ. Padova, vol. 24, pp. 1-43, pls. 1-4. Uber die Fauna der Oolithe von Cap 8. Vigilio verbunden mit einer Studie Uber die obere Liasgrenze. Abh. k.k. Geol. Reichsanst., vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 57-212, pls. 1-20. Visser, W. A., and Hermes, J. J. 1962. Geological result of the exploration for oil in Netherlands New Guinea. Verh. K. Ned. Geol. Mijnbouwk, Genoot., vol. 20, pp. 1-265. Waagen, W. H. 1869. Die Formenreihe des Ammonites subradiatus. Geognostisch Palaont. Beitr., Bd. 2, Heft. 2, pp. 181-256, pls. 16-20. 1873-75. Jurassic fauna of Kutch: Cephalopoda. India Geol. Sur. Mem., Palaeont. Indica, ser. 9, vol. 1, pp. 1-247, pls. 1-60. Westermann, G. E. G. 1956a. 1956b. 1958. 1964. 1967. 1969. 1970. Phylogenie der Stephanocerataceae und Perisphinctaceae des Dog- ger. N.Jb. Geol. Palaont., Abh., vol. 103, pp. 233-279. Monographie der Bajocian-Gattungen Sphaeroceras und Chondro- ceras (Ammonoidea). Beih. Geol. Jb., vol. 24, 195 pp., 14 pls. Ammoniten-Fauna und Stratigraphic des Bathonien N.W.-Deutsch- lands. Beih. Geol. Jb., vol. 32, 103 pp., 49 pls. Sexual-Dimorphismus bet Ammonoideen und seine Betduetung fiir die Taxionomie der Otoitidae (einschiielich Sphaeroceratinae ; Ammonitina, M. Jura). Palaeontographica, A. vol. 124, pp. 33-73 pls. 6-9. Suceston de ammonites del Jurassico Medio en Antofagasta, Ata- cama, Mendoza y Neuquén. Rev. Assoc. Geol. Argentina, vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 63-73. The ammonite fauna of the Kialaguik Formation at Wide Bay, Alaska Peninsula. Part II. Sonninia sowerbyi Zone (Bajocian}). Bull. Amer. Paleont., vol. 57, No. 255, pp. 1-226, pls. 1-48. Evolution and taxonomy of Pachyceratidae and Mayaitinae as suggested by septal patterns (Jurassic Ammonitina), XXII Int. Geol. Conegr., New Delhi Proc., part 8. PLATES 304 BULLETIN 256 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 48 Natural size if not otherwise indicated Figure Page Fontannesia aff. F. clarkei (Crick) [? subsp.kiliani (KBTuizin ga) es eo Ee os RE ee 238 la-c. Almost complete specimen, with 2/3 whorl body chamber, last two septa not clearly approximated (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126181). 2. Incomplete specimen with 1/2 whorl body chamber (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126182). 3a-b. Slightly damaged specimen with partly preserved aperture, body chamber of 2/3 whorl, last septa not markedly approximated. (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126183). 4a-b. Small, probably immature specimen, body chamber and _ crushed phragmocone (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126184). PLATE 48 BuLL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 BuLL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 49° NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 305 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 49 Natural size if not otherwise indicated Figure Page Fontannesia aff. F. clarkei (Crick) [? subsp. kiliani (RaruIZIn Sas ie etek ca pie anes <0 - 238 la-c. Wholly septate specimen, last septa approximated, with well- preserved nucleus (Text-fig. 4) (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126185). 2a-b. Probably not fully grown specimen, compressed, and weakly ornate, with 1/2 whorl incomplete body chamber (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126186). 3a-b. Incomplete specimen with 1/2 whorl body chamber, phragmocone partly crushed, with approximated last sutures; b, nucleus of same (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126187). 4a-b. Immature (?), probably almost complete specimen with 2/3 whorl body chamber (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126188). 306 BULLETIN 256 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 50 Natural size if not otherwise indicated Figure Page la-d. Docidoceras (Docidoceras) longalvum (Vacek) cf. subsp. ........... 244 limatum (Pompeckj) 2 Complete specimen with aperture; note umbolateral groove with porous filling (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126189). 2. (?) Docidoceras (Docidoceras) sp. indet. Q ooo... 246 Incomplete body chamber and remnants of penultimate whorl (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126190). PLATE 50 BuLu. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 51 Buu. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 New GuINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 307 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 51 Natural size if not otherwise indicated Figure Page la,b. Stephanoceras (Stephanoceras) aff. S$. humphriesianum CUGey Co SOW CED YAO) cc se ateectewvesten.s- 8 eRe Aten ea eh a eae 247 Fragment of phragmocone with damaged beginning of body chamber. (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126191). 2a,b. Stephanoceras (Stemmatoceras?) etheridgei (Gerth) ?, ¢ ? .......252 Probably almost complete specimen with 2/3 whorl body chamber (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126192). 3a,b. Cobbanites (?) aff. C. engleri (Frebold) 2.0.0.0... 269 Almost complete specimen with 7/8 whorl body chamber. (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126193). 308 BULLETIN 256 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 52 Natural size if not otherwise indicated Figure Bullatimorphites ?, n. sp. 9 la,b. Somewhat crushed phragmocone with beginning of body chamber (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126194). 2a-c. Undistorted phragmocone with 1/4 whor! incomplete body chamber (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126195). 3. Fragment of large body chamber with remnant of penultimate whorl (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126196). PLATE 52 BuLL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 $ a 7 4 2 % s & BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 53 New GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 309 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 53 Natural size if not otherwise indicated Figure Page la,b. Bullatimorphites (Treptoceras) aff. B. uhliai (Popovici-Hatzeg) ¢ 259 Specimen with aperture, beginning of body chamber damaged, with ventral costae anomaly (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126197). 2a-c. Bullatimorphites (?) Trepteceras?) aff. B. microstoma (Orbieny) eer ee ee SRR hae ase aa 257 Complete, slightly damaged specimen with exposed part of penulti- mate whorl (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126199). 3a-b. Bullatimorphites (Treptoceras) aff. B. uhligi (Popovici-Hatzeg).. 259 Incomplete whorl of contracting body chamber with end of phrag- mocone (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126198). 310 BULLETIN 256 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 54 Natural size if not otherwise indicated Figure Bullatimorphites ? (Treptoceras?) costidensus Westermann and? Getty, ne Spi Cas tee eS NO ye eee 260 1. End of body chamber with probably incomplete aperture (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126200). 2a,b. Complete but somewhat deformed body chamber with incomplete aperture (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126201). 3a-e. Holotype, almost complete body chamber of over one whorl and part of phragmocone; b,c, lateral and apertural views of last septum; e, part of body chamber removed (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126203). 4a-c. Almost complete body chamber of one whorl (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126202). Buu. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 54 BuLL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 55 Figure la-d. NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY EXPLANATION OF PLATE 55 Natural size if not otherwise indicated Bullatimorphites ? (Treptoceras?), n. sp. A 2 ....... Complete body chamber with aperture (lappets) and phragmocone, right side damaged and distorted (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126204). . Almost complete specimen (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126205). . Almost complete body chamber with parts of crushed phragmocone, secondaries exceptionally dense (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126206). . Rock fragment with impression of Jrianites cf. moermanni (Kruizinga) and B.? (T.?), n.sp. A.; b, latter species after removal of former, composed of body chamber fragment and plasticine mold of inner whorls (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126207). 311 Page 262 $12 BULLETIN 256 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 56 Natural size if not otherwise indicated Figure Page Ta-b: ?Eucycloceras’sp. indet:, Gia? Sense ee eee 266 Somewhat distorted specimen with approximately 1/2 whorl body chamber (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126208). 2a-b. (?) Eucycloceras intermedium Spath, 6 ? ................cecceeetteees 265 Incomplete 1/2 whorl body chamber and part of penultimate whorl (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126209). 3,4. Subkossmatia obscura Spath boehmi Westermann and Getty, nisupSpyare BA ae eco eae Reet i eat ecb iste Ae 266 3a,b, almost complete body chamber and part of penultimate whorl (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126210).-4a,b, incomplete body chamber with remnants of inner whorls (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126211). PLATE 56 Buu. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 57) New GuINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 313 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 57 Natural size if not otherwise indicated Figure Page g 2 Irianites moermanni (Kruizinga) @ 2.00... 274 la-d. Nearly perfect specimen with incomplete aperture (base of lappets), nucleus damaged; b,c, part of aperture removed to show whorl section (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126212). 2. Almost complete adult specimen (approximated sutures) with damaged incomplete, almost 3/4 whorl body chamber (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126213). 3a,b. Probably complete specimen except for aperture, with 3/4 whorl body chamber (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126214). 4. Complete specimen with base of lappets, approximated sutures and 2/3 whorl body chamber (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126215). Sa-c. Probably complete specimen except for aperture, with 3/4 whorl body chamber and most of the test preserved (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126216). 314 BULLETIN 256 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 58 Natural size if not otherwise indicated Figure irianites moermanni (Kruizinga)) oe 274 la-c. Complete body chamber of 7/8 whorl (? base of lappets) with damaged phragmocone; c, Bositra buchi (F.A. Roemer) [‘Posidonia’ auct.] at aperture of same specimen, X 2. (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126217). 2a,b. Irianites sp. juv. with 2/3 whorl incomplete body chamber (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126218). 3a,b. Body chamber fragment with lappets of large inflated form (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126219). 4a,b. Almost complete specimen with 3/4 whorl body chamber and approxi- mated sutures; large inflated form (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126220). PLATE 58 BuLL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 59 Ven} BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. New GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 315 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 59 Natural size if not otherwise indicated Figure Page Irianites cf. |. moermanni (Kruizinga) 9 ...................... 281 la-d. Slightly damaged but almost complete specimen with 3/4 whorl preserved body chamber; d, nucleus of same, X 1.5 (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126221). 2. Cross-section of fragment of largest phragmocone in collection (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126222). 316 BULLETIN 256 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 60 Natural size if not otherwise indicated Figure Page lrianites cf. I; moermanni (Kruizinga) Q 222... ee Ole la-c. Incomplete specimen with 1/2 whorl preserved body chamber and parts of phragmocone (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126223). 2. Almost full whorl (7/8) of incomplete body chamber, partly crushed, and parts of phragmocone (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126224). BuLu. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 60 BULL. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 61 NEw GUINEA AMMONITES: WESTERMANN & GETTY 317 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 61 Natural size if not otherwise indicated Figure Page lrianites cf. |. moermanni (Kruizinga) 9 .... 281 la-c. Damaged phragmocone with 1/4 whorl fragment of body chamber (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126225). 2. Large body chamber fragment (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126226). 3a-b. ? Juvenile 9, with full one whorl body chamber which is probably complete on left side; b, X 0.9 (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126227). 318 BULLETIN 256 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 62 Natural size if not otherwise indicated Figure Page Irianites cf. |. moermanni (Kruizinga) 9 juv. 20.0000, 281 la-c. Immature specimen with one full whorl incomplete body chamber (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126228). 2a-f. Immature specimen with one full whorl incomplete body chamber; d, f, inner whorls of same, x2 (R.G.M. Leiden, st. 126229). Buu. AMER. PALEONT., VOL. 57 PLATE 62 INDEX Note. Light face type refers to page numbers. Bold face type re- fers to plate number. A adicra, Sonninia ......... 246 PAYA Saige cas 8 steer: 246, 249, 270 alaskensis, Sonninia .. 294 (AAVaSKOGerAaS), fo2..<.--e-s: 294 PND ELAR ee eee 248, 252, 270 albertense, Stephanoceras 294 Ammonites 256, 296 amplectens, Eudmetoceras ........ 246 Amatoliate cs eects: 246, 291 antipodus, Otoites .... 292 AP EONtINA es. 293-295 arietitiforme, Harpoceras .............. 242 Asphinctites ................ 273 Asthenoceras .............. 239 AMUIStralia es oo -ceckecteoveee 241, 291 austroamericana, Fontannesia ............ 293 B Baculatoceras _............ 238, 240 Barbar Island ............. 278 baumbergeri, Grammoceras .......... 242, 243 benneri, Planammatoceras 294 Blanfordiceras ............ 238, 240 boehmi, Subkossmatia ...... 56 266 IBOSItT Aa sca te cases 264, 274 braikenridgii, Stephanoceras ........ 274 brodiaei, Stephanoceras ........ 248, 251 British Columbia ...... 292 buchi, Bositra ............ 274, 278 Bullatimorphites ........ 254, 295 bullatum, Bullatimorphites .... 237, 254, 259 bullatum, Sphaeroceras .......... 237, 254, 259 Cc caamanol, Stephanoceras ........ 248, 295 Cadomites .................. 237, 249, 264, 295 Catacoeloceras ............ 271 charlottensis, Stephanoceras ........ 249 Chiles oe toa oae a es 295 Chotfatias 269 Chondroceras .. 237, 256, 264 Chos-Malal, Argentina 255 clarkei, Fontannesia AEE hoes eee 48, 49 238 clarkei kiliani, Fontannesia ..48, 49 238 Cobbanites. 269 Coeloceras 4-2 .. 237, 244, 246 Coeloderoceras _.......... 271, 273 cosstidensus, Bullatimorphites 54 260, 263 crassispinata, Sonn aa ee 246 crickmayi, Kanastephanus 252 crimaciensis, Bullatimorphites .... 258, 296 Grussolieeeet nee 2 Dili D daubenyi, Cadomites.. 237 Stephanoceras ........ 237 Defonticeras .............. 256 depressum, Docideras 292 Derr-ta section ............ 281 Digoel River ................ 238 Docidocerase 244, 246 Dolikephalites ............ 267 dorsatum, Eudmetoceras ......... 246 DOLSCt ee ene 241 E engleri, Cobbanites, aff. ..51 269, 270 etheridgei, Fontannesia ............ 241 Stephanoceras_ ...51 237, 249, 287, 294 Stemmatoceras ...... 287 tna Bayes eee 236 Eucycloceras ............... 264, 265 F fairbridgei, Fontannesia ............ 241, 244 ran contagee see 260 G Garantianaw eases 273 godohensis, Sphaeroceras .......... 237 GCS eee on ee 256 Grammoceras grammoceroides, Fontannesia Grayiceras Gulielmiceras Harpoceras Hildesheim ce oe Himalayites u : humphriesianum, aff. Stephanoceras 51 Idiocycloceras Imskim Formation indicum, Stephanoceras Inferior Oolite intermedium, ? Eucycloceras .....56 Irianites itinsae, Stephanoceras ¢ ... Itinsaites ee Oe J Jakarti Fault Zone juhlei, Stephanoceras K keeuwensis, Macrocephalites Kemaboe Valley ...... Kembelangan Formation kiliani, Grammoceras Kumatostephanus Kutch Labyrinthoceras laeviuscula, Sonninia Witchellia laurenti, Bullatimorphites Lenggeroe Leptosphintes limatum, Coeloceras Docidoceras INDEX 240 longalvum, 320 Docidoceras .......50 244 241 264 273 - mackenziil, Kanastephanus ...... 252 Stephanoceras ........ 252 243 Macrocephalites _........ 238, 295 954.950) —Malareue \.cc2 7. eer 294 S91.’ (Mamapiril Sh... sane 266, 294 IWIESOVOVOVAE Sreccccboanbonateuen: 293, 294 DAT OO! PMIECRICO «2230 seetoarns aes 295 microstoma, Ammonites 53 256, 263, 296 Bullatimorphites 53 254, 263 264 Misol sceeneteeteteteeeseeeeeees 243 236 moermannl, Coeloceras _.............. 271, 274 251. 286 Coeloderoceras ...... 274, 277 941 Irianites ¢ ....57, 58 238, 271, ae 265 eee ; cf. 59-62 oe ah ormannites .......... 4 cal NIOMICCASHEe ene 243 294 eae ea. 270 mutabile, ENE Stephanoceras ........ 248 N 235 294 n. sp. A 4, Bulla- timorphites ......55 262 n. sp. 9, Bulla- timorphites ? ....52 254 nederburghi, 238, 265, 266 Himalayites 4.07 291 934 ~ nelchianum, Stephanoceras 294 935 Neuquen 295 238,242 Newmarracarra 294 PAINESEONE Wess 241 237, 257,296, Normannites ete 271, 273 997 North Paniai Fault OUCH eet ation See 237 Nothocephalites 264 novaguinense, 238. 264. 268 Blanfordiceras ........ 238, 240 294 294 : obscura, 258 Subkossmatia . 266, 268 235, 237,294 Olcostephanus 291 270 opis, Stephanoceras 268 245 Subkossmatia 268 245 Oregon ...... 294 INDEX P palliseri, Stephanoceras ........ 294 Pamirs Be crea ae 296 Ranismbas lies te 257 Parkinsonia seit PATS: patella, Sonninia ........ 294 perfectum, Docidoceras ........ 245, 246 Planammatoceras 294 Pleydellia 240 Roland Ween ee 269 Polyplectites! 264 Praetulites) oe 237, 256 IPROCERICSH ye erect 269 Pseudolioceras 239 Pseudoperisphinctes 269 Pseudotoites ......... 237, 245 Q Queen Charlotte UISMERNGIS nccisadacsbanon: 248 Quenstedtoceras ....... 237 R Reineckeia rehmanni LON Ce fea ee a 297 Rock Creek Member. 248 Roemberpon Island . 237 IROFELSICES) 15 sc.5e. eee seer 291 RVOIVAMI A eee: 259, 296 Rugiferites 256 S Sera WAST ceccoseseeanae seee 246 Schwandorfia .............. 256 Sepik) River ................. 238 Siemiradzkia 269 skidegatense, Stephanoceras May? Skirroceras ............ 248, 294 sofanum, Bullatimorphites .... 255, 258, 261, 295 sp. indet, Docidoceras ....... 50 246 ? Eurycloceras .. 56 266 Stemmatoceras ..... 248, 249, 283, 294 Subkossmatia ....... 238, 264, 266 suevicum, Sphaeroceras ....... 259 suevicus, Bullatimorphites 254, 259 Sula Islands ABW PAN, Bas}a). 265, 276, 277, 284 t Taliabu PAILS), CALA talkeetnanus, Stephanoceras 269, 270 Tangi 277 Teloceras 248, 283, 286, 294 Tipoema Formation 236 Torricellites 273 transiens, Docidoceras 246 trapanicum, Docidoceras 246 Treptoceras UB (5, AOD Trilobiticeras 292 triptoleumus, Stephanoceras 249 Tulites ..... 256 Turkey 244, 291 U uhligi, Ballatimor- phitessafi: s.e..%- 53 237, 254, 259, 295 umbilicum, Stephanoceras 248 undulatum, Stephanoceras 295 Vv Vermisphinctes ........ 270 virgatus, Grammatodon 2D) WwW Wein WWMM se. cesssonsascaseee: 277, 284 Wairori River ............ 259 wallichi, Blanfordiceras ........ 238 Weser Mountains .. Zoid whitehousei, Fontannesia 240, 244, 246 Windesiv ae) ee 232 Wissel Lakes ........... 237 321 he. hwrts » te -¢ L4= ” Aaet eo ae = - b ¥ va ‘ — . an air i a 7 5 ae, 7 N et Be es OER We. ‘ nents yi nae aa, x o Ayia 4 ae + IIT 3 2044 072 271 711 A il a tat OTS ve CD PPE agli ‘ ae on ee tae Se gh orate Ob Cte) GT NPs wns sets " , ~ : a eae fot ws ieee cs agi ‘: as * “ a nnn Pete Fe pe lle ip am or eee - SA +e ae we , Le icy OM Gl | . a ee ae - ns nae or 2 Se ae er.