Web TMs to i Ta 8 sf ei 4 NS Bate nie eee SS Sohtncemea foe hii ie. eopige va - MAE Wt nds Ha ARE aa wy tins ae ms aos Sains ss : nia ah aa ce wae Behe inoue yi Science ‘4 Sharan east. a, Sf 7 be bp Hs tr seed Ft Reiteot Me cetehs batts Fo seks Benak Kolbe Bh aay oty SRN ae * Wha ys Ww Raa th a Aen aehbeased pein i annie Ht Me NY ve senha tae ome ghey SUSI SEAS gs HHO nee mya Gree ior wer ries 8 Fate od oH ler ae Bs Gt dae eT gest : ikpdw gears bee they hn Li age ae0 Paes tae Epa yn oles steers ogee ere i pe bach nase ” tie yee Pay naa ae Mire seth cc) Pacey knoe Brie brat Rie hr eae ae Mega Be li prune 2 - : De Bowed geaeor Le as ‘e syne Bevensoe ee pase: ek as oF WO A errr er ien Pg nt jet 2 ene Patek wes Sate re aoa ein Sea y se rane see Hateepepnein en 4 age Aa grey vat wEOUT ND! en Aree, ott Piet san Ae alince wueinwvad wired ni reinayeptts i AF pel So ptae bs isi ss ge pete otal card bs aeti nrepursenas picmlieaiiosamee fi ate “ake bony sient “Fi ae ian erg esanayenraee 5 spstere Cerra: 5 Hs eseeeeda hte oe ve mat ane te Teasate sa ae oe" higickae La ahad gh : ; i 2 a poke DUR SME PMS H ITY ahd aa Rear ate Has "AG Baty i en ie cr eeesy bate aee ae OEE BINS OF Fy eI PALEONTOLOGY iV Cle Vile 6 * 1980 Paleontological Research Institution Ithaca, New York 14850 UES Ac CONTENTS OF VOLUME 78 Bulletin No. Pages 310. Paleogene Marine Gastropods of the Keasey.. Formation in Oregon ByaCarolesS wEnCKManrt.s.5 ee eee 1-112 311. Fossil Lepadomorph, Brachylepadomorph, and Verrucomorph Barnacles (Cirripedia) of the Americas Bye Normanebs. WelsbOrdicc..c:-c:ssseseesee cee 113-212 Plates 1-10 11-23 INDEX No separate index is included in the volume. Each number is indexed separately. Contents of the volume are listed in the begin- ing of the volume. OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY (Founded 1895) 4 AX FEV Ans v2 you { WY Be eR a Vol. 78 No. 310 PALEOGENE MARINE GASTROPODS OF THE KEASEY FORMATION IN OREGON By CarRo_e S. HickMAN 1980 Paleontological Research Institution Ithaca, New York 14850 U. S. A. PALEONTOLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTION Officers PRESIDE NIT) joe 8 oe ee ee ee eee DUANE O. LERoy VAICESPRESIDENT + 42222 200) 1s A ee ee eee JoHN POojETA, Jr. SECRETARY es 8 Ee ee Pelee a ene ASSISTANT! SECRETARY? 22 2-- as 3S ee 78 eee ee ee -REBECCA S. Harris SEREASURER: (ese oo ee A ek Be ee ERNESTINE Q. 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A. 607-273-6623 BULLETINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY (Founded 1895) Vol. 78 No. 310 PALEOGENE MARINE GASTROPODS OF THE KEASEY FORMATION IN OREGON By Caro_e S. HICKMAN May 29, 1980 Paleontological Research Institution Ithaca, New York 14850 U.S. A. Library of Congress Card Number: 80-81700 Printed in the United States of America Arnold Printing Corporation Ithaca, NY 14850 USA CONTENTS Page PADS tia CE ame see ne ee ce ee ee ee ee ee Sy Tn 63; Ud Gd Go Wg es a ee = 95: PACENOW IEC EMen ts: 22s eS Se ==, 6 Gastropod| Ht auna. of the Keasey, Formation = =e Sar) Biostratigraphy of the Keasey Formation Lower Member —_____. DO ON Ae PAG. Set AO irae ee ee = 10 Mowers Middiley Members 25s sabe ORL e Ae a ee = ol WippenwMaddley Nem ber: 2-5 ela ce so ee ee ee 12 Wipper Viember 2222222 [3 SU ee A SE eee 13 PAD br evta Ons ee oe SP ere) aT Pn ee Oa se es ie OS 13 Systematic Paleontology Hamily,eAcmaeidaey =. ee ae eae ee fh a ae 14 Bamilysp och ida eye we tet eevee eee ee ee 16 Barnitlyurbinidae: 22.2 Se. 6! SON eg ee 22, Family Turritellidae —_.____ Ss ere ed Be ie Det Soe | ee a DE Ramily aE pitonitd a eit sia Se iw se = 26 Hamilyaeulimitd acy ss). Sa sels ies me gee eee a ees ee ee 32 Bian tlyae@-allyip tiialel dale mae Sea sae en Ae 2 re =a5S TREO AW UA INET SK eS GIES tose eA ot Bela eh a Sool ted ae nen «rh pee ae 34 Blamanl ya aSS1dia ere eee ee ee ee eee ene ee ee ee a ee RA BamilyaC yma tiidiaie ghs.e Aa we Sears etek tok a ee ate 1 ieee Uae et 5 Hamil yb ursida cere eae. ee Oe See eee ee _ 48 Family Ficidae —..___.__ Set rh e See tee Se R W Seale 49 Baim yge Columba ty dia ee smn re Sl Ae ee, es 50 Family Muricidae PRL Io ok et IE Wei bed SA PS 53 Hamil yes uccinid ae) pene - Seok. 9 eevee Corie ee ee ey Bee eet ry 55 ataihy + Ne pti ela Ci be ete eae Be A ah a oe he Be oe 55 Miami yas Nias Sanit ales p< ser a ee ee ee 58 Hamiilygetiasciol anita eye eee eek ee ee ee oS earirt) yam VO LUC OMIT C11 Cll eg ete ee 62 amily sOlvid demise fess. ls eer ee ee te as ee 64 BamilyyMarpinellidac: 2) seerers mires whee ob Ree heli eee ee 65 amilyaCancellaniid acy see cee cs ES eu 2 SE 267, [EEA ENT Be (Capen aM See ST ee era Pe =, of Hamlyn ae) aes ene ES A EAI ES EE Tete Ow RS ae 80 Ranilyecyramiceiiiqae: 2.12 2 Pi ee 2 BA eee ee 81 Rantilyaocap hand ridaém 4. eG 2:08 ye) 2 ee eae Se 81 Mmeonatunre Cited eae we Teen Pe ise Ue) ee ee 83 PDE CO be Bet cae lors eid Sade rar ok ON I RM SO BOD “CT eee 90 Ty Say ct a EE Ere) Se Oe A ee eS Cae Os ae 100 Text-figure uy LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Stratigraphic ranges of gastropod species in the Keasey Formation and composite columnar section —-——______ between 10 and Spiral ornamentation and distinctive bisinuate growth line of Gurritellavkeaseyensts ny Spy 22 a Characteristics of the anterior siphonal notch and _ siphonal fasciolein) the eenus Lichinophoriay Comparison of whorl profiles and shoulder slope ornamentation patterns of two species of Fulgurofusus Grabau _ Comparison of spiral ornamentation patterns and whorl profiles of five cancellariid species from the Keasey Formation 2 Page 11 25 42 52 70 PALEOGENE MARINE GASTROPODS OF THE KEASEY FORMATION IN OREGON By CaroLe S. HickKMAN Department of Paleontology University of California Berkeley, California 94720 ABSTRACT Sixty-eight gastropod species (8 archaeogastropods, 20 mesogastropods, 37 neogastropods, 3 opisthobranchs) are described and illustrated from the late Eocene to early Oligocene bathyal mollusk fauna of the Keasey Formation in northwestern Oregon, and time-equivalent beds in southwestern Washington. Twenty-three species are described as new: Acmaea vokesi, Bathybembix nitor, Margarites (Margarites) sericeus, Solariella (Machaeroplax) cicca, Turritella keaseyensis, Epitonium (Boreoscala) wyattdurhami, “Fusitriton” terrysmithae, Fulgurofusus serratus, Trophonopsis platacantha, Colus ? precursor, Fusinus dilleri, Exilia bentsonae, Conomitra vernoniana, Ancilla (Spirancilla) vernisa, Granula profundorum, Bonellitia (Bonelletia) smithwickensis, Bonelletia (Admet- ula) tumida, Sveltella exiliplex, Sveltella ? keaseyensis, “Admete”’ umbilicata, Conus weltoni, Conus armentrouti, and Scaphander impunctatus. Two recurring bathyal gastropod association types are represented in the Keasey Formation: one a species-dominant association type characterized by numerous large-shelled trochids of the genus Bathybembix s. 1., and the other a species-diverse association type containing as many as seven species of turrid gastropods. Abrupt global changes that have been documented in marine faunal composi- tion at approximately 38 m. y. BP are recognized in the numerous generic and species level extinctions and appearances at the onset of Keasey deposition. Detailed biostratigraphic distributions of gastropod species reveal four stratigraphically distinct associations and support four-fold faunal subdivision of the formation. INTRODUCTION This report completes the taxonomic and biostratigraphic docu- mentation of the marine gastropod fauna of the Keasey Formation in Oregon. An earlier report (Hickman, 1976; summarized below) describes the diverse and abundant fauna of turrid gastropods (16 species ) from the formation, and the reader is referred to this publi- cation for background information on the stratigraphy, age and correlation, faunal characteristics, paleobathymetry, and_paleo- climatology, as well as index maps and a composite columnar sec- tion for the formation. The Keasey Formation consists of marine tuffaceous siltstone and massive mudstone that reaches a maximum thickness of 700 m in the upper Nehalem River Basin, northwestern Oregon (45°45’ N, 125°15’ W). It is divided into three lithologically distinct members: a lower 150 m of dark gray, micaceous, locally glauconitic, laminated siltstone and interbedded mudstone; a middle 500 m of light gray tuffaceous siltstone and mudstone, massive near the top of the mem- 6 BuLtetin 310 ber; and an upper 50 m of alternating dark and light gray tuffaceous siltstone and mudstone with numerous layers of calcareous concre- tions. The formation conformably overlies the late Eocene (“Tejon Stage”) Cowlitz Formation and underlies (unconformably ?) the early Oligocene Pittsburg Bluff Formation. Additional information on the relationship between the Keasey and Pittsburg Bluff Forma- tions is presented by Moore (1976). The age of the Keasey Formation is latest Eocene although until recently it has been considered earliest Oligocene by most authors (Hickman, 1976). The biostratigraphic and chronostratigraphic terminology introduced by Armentrout to replace the previous standard (Weaver and others, 1944) for correlation and age deter- mination in the Pacific Northwest cannot be applied unambiguously to the Keasey Formation. It falls within his Galvinian Stage (Armen- trout, 1975), but the Galvinian zones of Armentrout are based on species ranges in Washington that are contravened by detailed bio- stratigraphic data from northwestern Oregon. Formal zonation of the Keasey Formation and further refinement of the biostratigraphic framework for the Pacific Northwest are deferred until data are com- plete for the entire molluscan fauna, although detailed biostrati- graphic data for the gastropods are presented below. Considerations of faunal composition and taxonomic structure, lithology, and tectonic history suggest that the Keasey Formation was deposited at outer neritic to bathyal depths (200 to 1000 m) adjacent to the active young ancestral Cascade magmatic arc. The setting is interpreted as a deep basin bounded on the oceanward side by an inferred trench, but separated from the trench by a topo- graphic high consisting of Eocene oceanic basalt. Cooling, reflected in dramatic faunal changes at the inception of Keasey deposition, coincides with a major world-wide refrigeration commencing at ap- proximately 38 m. y. BP (Hickman, 1976). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am particularly grateful to Harold E. Vokes, Tulane Univer- sity, who collected much of the material that is described in this re- port and who has encouraged me in this project. For access to collections and assistance in locating and borrow- ing specimens, I am grateful to Warren O. Addicott and Druid PALEOGENE GAsTROPODS From OreGon: HICKMAN 7 Wilson, U.S. Geological Survey; Thomas R. Waller, U.S. National Museum of Natural History; J. Wyatt Durham and Joseph H. Peck, Jr., University of California, Berkeley; Peter U. Rodda and the late Leo G. Hertlein, California Academy of Sciences; A. Myra Keen, Stanford University; Margaret L. Steere, Oregon State Department of Geology and Mineral Industries; R. O. Van Atta, Portland State University. Louie N. Marincovich and Judy Terry Smith, U. S. Geological Survey, have provided helpful taxonomic advice on naticids and cymatiids respectively; and Ellen Moore, U. S. Geological Survey, has kindly shared information from her studies of the overlying Pittsburg Bluff Formation. Individuals who have donated or loaned specimens from per- sonal collections for taxonomic study include John M. Armentrout, Su Bee, Gary Martin, David G. Taylor, Bruce Welton, and the late George and Jenny Walters. James C. Hickman provided invaluable assistance in the field and helpful discussion of taxonomic problems. Ellen Moore, Myra Keen and Wyatt Durham read the entire manuscript and offered helpful suggestions for improvement. Mary Taylor drew text-figures 2-5, and Elizabeth Nesbitt as- sisted in compilation of bibliographic documentation of generic and specific citations. Portions of this research were supported by a Grant-in-aid of Research from the Society of the Sigma Xi and National Science Foundation grant DEB 77-14519. GASTROPOD FAUNA OF THE KEASEY FORMATION The mollusk fauna of the Keasey Formation includes many un- described species: 23 new gastropod species are described in this report, and eight additional new gastropods, represented by material inadequate for formal species designation, are treated under open nomenclature. Of the 68 species comprising the Keasey gastropod fauna, 8 are archaeogastropods, 20 are mesogastropods, 37 are neo- gastropods, and 3 are opisthobranchs. The predominance of neogas- tropods, including 16 species in the family Turridae, is one of the striking characteristics of Cenozoic deep-water mollusk faunas (Hickman, 1974b, 1976, 1978). In addition to the high diversity of 8 BuLteTIn 310 neogastropod carnivores, it is noteworthy that the majority of the mesogastropods, a trophically diverse order, are also carnivorous (e.g., naticids and cymatiids) or parasitic (é.g., epitoniids). Gastropod shells in the Keasey Formation are moderately well preserved and generally do not show signs of post-mortem wear or breakage. Many species typically preserve delicate ornamentation patterns and may be readily identified at weathered outcrops from small fragments. Solution of shell material and decortication occur rapidly when specimens become exposed through weathering, and it is often difficult to extract individuals with canals and apertures intact. Six types of recurring mollusk associations have been described from the Keasey Formation (Hickman, 1978). Two of these, the Bathybembix Association and the Turrid Association, are dominated by gastropods, the other four by bivalves. In the lower member of the Keasey Formation the Bathybembix Association is represented by relatively species-poor recurring assemblages dominated by in- dividuals of Bathybembix columbiana (Dall, 1909), consistently associated with Conus weltoni n. sp., Fusinus dilleri n. sp., and Tur- rinosyrinx nodifera Hickman, 1976. Parallel assemblages dominated by large trochid relatives of B. columbiana are common in Cenozoic bathyal sequences around the north Pacific margin, particularly Paleogene sequences in the Pacific Northwest. Turrid associations are represented by species-diverse recurring assemblages of epifaunal and shallow infaunal carnivorous gastro- pods. As many as seven turrid species and five naticid species may co-occur at a single locality, with small cancellariids of the genera Bonellitia, “Admete,” Sveltella; \arge epitoniids of the subgenus Boreoscala; and Trophonopsis, Conomitra, Fulgurofusus, Bruclarkia, Priscofusus and Exilia as common associates. Turrid associations, with different genera and species comprising the recurring unit in different stratigraphic intervals, are particularly characteristic of bathyal facies in late Eocene to early Miocene sequences in the Pacific Northwest. There are four distinct turrid associations in the Keasey Formation (Hickman, 1976, 1978). The gastropod fauna of the Keasey Formation has few species in common with the faunas of either the underlying Cowlitz Forma- tion or the overlying Pittsburg Bluff Formation. PALEOGENE GAstTROopPopsS From Orecon: HICKMAN 9 The abrupt faunal change that occurred at approximately 38 m. y. BP was the most pronounced change in mollusk faunas in the Cenozoic of the Eastern Pacific. It is related to abrupt worldwide cooling (Bramlette, 1955; Dorman, 1966; Hornibrook, 1967; Wolfe and Hopkins, 1967; Devereux, 1967; Cifelli, 1969; Benson, 1975). A number of inferred warm-water Eocene genera (e.g., Ficopsis, Ectinochilus) hitherto common suddenly become extinct at the end of Cowlitz deposition, while others, suggesting cooler water, appear shortly following the onset of Keasey deposition (e.g., Bathybembix, Margarites, Fusitriton, Trophonopsis ). There are only three gastropod species that range from the Cowlitz Formation into the overlying Keasey Formation. Notably all three are morphologically conservative, long-ranging naticids (Marincovich, 1977): Polinices clementensis (M. A. Hanna, 1927), Sinum obliquum (Gabb, 1864), and Polinices hotsont Weaver and Palmer, 1922. Although Keasey gastropod species tend to be much more closely related to Oligocene than to Eocene congeners, four neogastropod genera are represented by relatively closely related species pairs in the Cowlitz and Keasey Formations: Fulgurofusus washingtomanus (Weaver, 1912) — F. serratus n. sp.; Conomitra washingtomana (Weaver, 1912) — C. vernoniana n. sp.; Comitas (Boreocomitas) biconica Hickman, 1976 — C. (B.) oregonensis Hickman, 1976; and Extla dickersont (Weaver, 1912) — E. bent- sonaeé Nn. sp. Three gastropod species in the Keasey Formation are note- worthy because, although they have no close relatives in the Ceno- zoic of the northeastern Pacific, they bear striking morphological similarity to congeners in the Eocene and Oligocene sequences in Great Britain, the Paris Basin and north Germany. I have illustrated (1976, pl. 4, figs. 1, 2, 6, 7) the similarity between the German (Oligocene, Rupelian Stage) Acamptogenotia morreni (de Koninck, 1838) and the Keasey Acamptogenotia nodulosa Hickman, 1976. The small cancellariid Bonellitia (Admetula) evulsa (Solander, 1766) of the British, Belgian, Paris Basin, and north German Eocene is re- markably similar to the species described here as B. (A.) twmida. Likewise, Bonellitia (Bonellitia) pyrgota (F. E. Edwards, 1866) of the British Eocene is morphologically very close to the species described here as B. (B.) smithwickensis. 10 BULLETIN 310 Differences in the generic and specific composition of the gastro- pod faunas of the Keasey Formation and overlying Pittsburg Bluff Formation are in large part facies-related (Hickman, 1978). The Pittsburg Bluff fauna represents a much shallower environment and coarser substrates than the bathyal Keasey fauna. The relationship of the Keasey and Pittsburg Bluff mollusk faunas is discussed in de- tail by Moore (1976, pp. 19 - 23) who has also noted the low level of similarity in generic composition between the two formations (p. 20). BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE KEASEY FORMATION The stratigraphic ranges of gastropod species within the Keasey Formation are presented in Text-figure 1. Distribution patterns are similar to those described for the turrid gastropod component of the formation (Hickman, 1976). There are distinct species associations in the lower member, lower middle member, upper middle member, and upper member of the formation. LowER MEMBER The lower member contains a total of 31 gastropod species and is most diverse at its top. Six gastropod species recur in association throughout the member and are restricted to it: Bathybembix columbiana (Dall, 1909) Conus weltoni n. sp. Sveltella? keaseyensis n. sp. Fusinus dilleri n. sp. Turrinosyrinx nodifera Hickman, 1976 Gemmula rockcreekensis Hickman, 1976 The first four of these species also co-occur in coeval beds on the Willapa River near Holcomb, Washington. Two additional species are restricted to an interval near the top of the lower member: Solariella cicca n. sp. and a nassariid of un- certain generic affinity. Three species are known from single occur- rences in the lower member and may eventually prove biostrati- graphically significant: Fulgurofusus n. sp. ?, Ancilla vernisa n. sp., and Clivwoturris cf. C. levis Hickman, 1976. Text-figure 1.— Stratigraphic ranges of gastropod species in the Keasey Formation and composite columnar section. Open circles denote single occur- rences. Closed circles at the same level denote stratigraphically-equivalent localities. SS ema}s Japueydeds snjeyoundwi sapueydeds IyNOwJUaWe SNuOD \uoyaM snuoD eJEIQGUN ,,a}awpy,, ‘ds { elayans sisuakaseay { e||a}}ans X9|/dIIXa e||a}|aAg eplwin} elj||au0g SISUBYOIMY}WS el}IJaU0g wnsopunjoid ejnuei5 (o} BSIUIAA eIDUY BueIUOUJaA e4}!WOUOD Beuosjuaq e1Ixy ‘ds ¢ snuisny Wuajjip snuisny sisuadings}yid “4 ye ‘ds asiag sipes eyaoul IS9YOA elysejong Josunoaid = snjog ‘pul { piuisong eyjuedezeid sisdouoydo) ‘ds “u snsnjoin3jn4 snjeiias snsnjoin3jn4 ids ‘u snoi4 lyouayos elyenbalo FeyyWSAia} ,,UOpzSNY,, asuauosiajjal wnulsonqosuy yep eloydourysy wnnbijgo winuis SISUBUO}SUIYSeEM e}LaAIN 1UOS}OY SAdIUI|Oq SIWOJIINU Sad1Ul|Oq SISUa}UBWA|D SADIUI|Od aAeaMm eden eueosaip eaesjdhjeg ‘ds sigjeg luosuayoIp “y ye cds ‘u eaewy tweyinpyeAm winiuoydg iyauayos tuniuopdy asuahaseay winiuojidg 1uOpuod WiNiuo}dy sisuafeseay ejjajiuuiny sisuauogaio0 epidajosaueyg ooo 29919 eljale|OS fat a ne ce : Hh a a i NOILVNYOS AaSV3ay ‘Wd Z1LITMOO 43N3909110 4AN3004 ‘ds ‘u ¢ xiqwaqAujeg 4opU xiquiagAyjeg eueiquinjod xiquaqhyjeg IS9YOA BoePWOY (DS) OL Ge CO Gy tol so allao} tl PALEOGENE GAsTROPODS From Orecon: HICKMAN 11 Seventeen longer-ranging species make their first stratigraphic appearance in the lower member: Epitonium (Boreoscala) keaseyense Durham, 1937 E. (B.) schencki Durham, 1937 Olequahia schencki Durham, 1944 Echinophoria dalli (Dickerson, 1917) Trophonopsis platacantha n. sp. Bruclarkia vokesi Hickman, 1969 Exilia bentsonae n. sp. Conomitra vernoniana nN. sp. Granula profundorum n. sp. Bonellitia tumida n. sp. Procerapex bentsonae (Durham, 1944) Acamptogenotia tessellata Hickman, 1976 Ptychosyrinx facula Hickman, 1976 Turricula keaseyensis Hickman, 1976 Eopleurotoma (?) sp. Hickman, 1976 Scaphander impunctatus n. sp. Natica weaveri Tegland, 1933 Only two species from the lower member are known to occur in older rocks on the Pacific Coast: Polinices (Euspira) clementensts (M. A. Hanna, 1927) and Sinum obliquum (Gabb, 1864). Lower MippLt—E MEMBER The lower part of the middle member contains a gastropod fauna of 29 species. There are no species that are unique to this interval aside from three that are represented at one horizon only: Balcts sp., Ficus n. sp. ?, and Sveltella ? sp. Fifteen are long-ranging species that also occur in the lower member and higher in the mid- dle member. Fight species make their stratigraphic debut in the lower part of the middle member: Turritella keaseyensis n. sp. Epitonium (Boreoscala) condoni Dall, 1908 E. (B.) wyattdurhami n. sp. Fulgurofusus serratus n. sp. Bonellitia (Bonellitia) smithwickensis n. sp. Sveltella extliplex n. sp. Parasyrinx delicata Hickman, 1976 Scaphander stewarti Durham, 1944 One species makes its last appearance in this interval: Granula profundorum n. sp. Two species that appear earlier in other sequences on the Paci- fic Coast make their first Keasey appearances in the lower middle member: Neverita (Neverita) washingtonensis (Weaver, 1916) and Polinices (Euspira) hotsont Weaver and Palmer, 1922. 12 BuLLeETIN 310 The fauna of the lower middle member is most fully developed approximately 150 m above the base, where it is characterized by a high frequency and peak abundance of Bruclarkia vokesi Hickman, 1969, in assemblages commonly containing Echinophoria dalh (Dickerson, 1917), Epitonium (Boreoscala) keaseyense Durham, 1937, Exila bentsonae n. sp., Turricula keaseyensts Hickman, 1976, Parasyrinx delicata Hickman, 1976, and Polinices (Euspira) clemen- tensis (M. A. Hanna, 1927). Upper MippLte MEMBER The most diverse gastropod assemblages in the Keasey Forma- tion occur in a 150 m interval at the top of the middle member. Forty-five species occur in this interval. Seven species are represented by single locality occurrences and are not considered biostratigraphically important. Six additional species are clearly restricted in range to some portion of this interval: Phanerolepida oregonensis Hickman, 1972 “Fusitriton” terrysmithae n. sp. Conus armentrouti n. sp. Pleuroliria bicarinata Hickman, 1976 Turricula emerita Hickman, 1976 Comitas (Boreocomitas) monile Hickman, 1976 Five species make their first appearance in this interval and range into the upper member of the formation: Argobuccinum jeffersonense (Durham, 1944) Ptychosyrinx facula Hickman, 1976 Comitas (Boreocomitas) oregonensis Hickman, 1976 Acamptogenotia nodulosa Hickman, 1976 Turrinosyrinx cf. T. packardi (Weaver, 1916), Hickman, 1976 Nine species that occur lower in the formation make final ap- pearances in this interval: Epitonium (Boreoscala) keaseyense Durham, 1937 E. (B.) wyattdurhami n. sp. Fulgurofusus serratus, n. sp. Bruclarkia vokesi Hickman, 1969 Exilia bentsonae n. sp. Sveltella exiliplex n. sp. Parasyrinx delicata Hickman, 1976 Eopleurotoma (?) n. sp. Scaphander stewarti Durham, 1944 Collections from localities between 35 and 50 m below the top of the middle member indicate more rapid faunal change: six species are unique to this interval, 11 species make their final appearance, PALEOGENE GasTRoPops From OreEGcoN: HICKMAN 13 and 2 species appear that are more characteristic of the upper mem- ber. In other words, many of the changes that make the upper mem- ber of the formation faunally unique actually occur somewhat below the base of the upper member and are not synchronous with the lithologic change. Uprer MEMBER In contrast to the species-diverse middle member, the upper member is faunally impoverished, containing only 24 gastropod species. Only one species, Bathybembix nitor n. sp., is restricted to the member, although two other species (Perse aff. P. pittsburgensis Durham, 1944, and Bathybembix ? n. sp.) occur at a single locality and may be biostratigraphically significant. Fifteen longer-ranging gastropods have their highest strati- graphic occurrences in the upper member. Only two species from the upper member persist into the overlying Pittsburg Bluff Formation: Sinum obliquum (Gabb, 1864) and Neverita (Neverita) washing- tonensis (Weaver, 1916). The gastropod species that may be considered most charac- teristic of the Keasey Formation as a whole, ranging throughout its entire 700 m and occurring abundantly at 15 or more different localities are: Epitonium (Boreoscala) keaseyense Durham, 1937 Olequahia schencki Durham, 1944 Echinophoria dalli (Dickerson, 1917) Procerapex bentsonae (Durham, 1944) Acamptogenotia tessellata Hickman, 1976 Scaphander impunctatus n. sp. ABBREVIATIONS The following abbreviations of specimen repositories and registers of collecting localities are used in this report: ANSP Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Penn- sylvania, U.S.A. CAS California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, Cali- fornia, U.S.A. DOGAMI Oregon State Department of Geology and Mineral Industries, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A. LACM Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A. 14 SU SU H SU NP SUPPLE UCMP UO UW USGS USGS M USNM BuLLeETIN 310 Stanford University (collections now housed at the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U.S.A.) Stanford University (Holman Locality) Stanford University (Northern Pacific Locality) Stanford University, Paleontology Type Collection (maintained as a separate collection at the Cali- fornia Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, Cali- fornia, U.S.A.) University of California at Berkeley, Museum of Paleontology, Berkeley, California, U.S.A. University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, U.S.A. University of Washington, Burke Museum, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. United States Geological Survey, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. (Cenozoic locality register) United States Geological Survey, Menlo Park, Cali- fornia, U.S.A. (Cenozoic locality register) United States National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY Subclass PROSOBRANCHIA Order ARCHAEOGASTROPODA Superfamily PATELLACEA Family ACMAEIDAE Genus ACMAEA Eschscholtz, 18337 Type species (by subsequent designation of Dall [1871, Am. J. Conchol., vol. 6, p. 238] ).— Acmaea mitra Eschscholtz, 1833 (Zool. Atlas, vol. 5, p. 18). Holocene, Pacific Coast of North America. Acmaea vokesi n. sp. Pl. 1, figs. 1-4 Acmaea sp. Moore and Vokes, 1953, U.S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Pap. 233-E, p. 141. Description. — Large, patelliform shell with elliptical base *Eschscholtz, 1833, Zool. Atlas, vol. 5, p. 16 PALEOGENE GAsTROPODS FRoM OrEGoN: HICKMAN 15 slightly broader posteriorly; apex blunt and slightly anterior to center of shell; interior white and porcellaneous, with a semi-pellucid brownish-gray crenulated border; muscle scars not evident; exterior worn and exfoliated, but preserving signs of approximately 20 ir- regular radiating ribs with finer intercalated riblets, producing a crenulated margin to the aperture; mottled brown and brownish gray color pattern resulting from wear, but pigments probably the original ones; slopes of sides nearly flat; anterior and posterior slopes gently convex. Etymology. — The species is named for Harold E. Vokes, who collected and carefully prepared the holotype. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 17 mm; maximum diameter of aperture 49.5 mm; minimum diameter of aperture 40 mm; shell thickness 2.5 mm. Material examined. — Two specimens. Stratigraphic distribution.— Upper part of middle member, Keasey Formation. Holotype. —USNM 251321. Figured Paratype. —USNM 251322. Type locality. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15280. Discusston. — The holotype is a well-preserved complete speci- men that is distinct from other Pacific coast Tertiary acmaeids in its large size and crenulated semi-pellucid apertural border. The paratype is a small shell fragment exhibiting the same pattern of radiating ribs and riblets that is less well preserved on the exfoliated shell of the holotype. Moore and Vokes (1953, p. 141) regarded the occurrence of Acmaea in the Keasey Formation as anomalous. They suggested that it might have been carried on a large alga into the deep-water set- ting in which the Keasey Formation was deposited. The holotype, however, does not exhibit the modified base characteristic of Acmaea species that attach to kelp stipes or holdfasts. There are no other shallow-water genera represented in collections from the type locality of the species. 16 BuLLeETIN 310 Family TROCHIDAE Subfamily MARGARITINAE Genus BATHYBEMBIX Crosse, 1893? Type species (by monotypy).— Bembix aeola Watson (1879, Linn. Soc. London, Zool., J., vol. 14, p. 603). Holocene, Japan. Discussion. — One of the most conspicuous faunal changes marking abrupt cooling in the vicinity of the provincial Eocene- Oligocene boundary in the Pacific Northwest is the appearance in the deep-water facies of large tuberculate trochid gastropods allied to the living cool- and deep-water genus Bathybembix Crosse, 1893. The generic name Turcicula Dall, 1881, was applied for many years to both the fossil and living Pacific species in this group and was employed in the most recent revision of the Japanese species (Noda, 1975). However, the type species of Turctcula, T. imperialis Dall, 1881, is a unique and poorly-known, finely vermiculate, Caribbean deep-water species (Rehder, 1955; Bayer, 1971, as Lischkeia detch- mannae) of uncertain relationship to the Pacific taxa including Bathybembix; Lischkeia Fischer, 1879; Cidarina Dall, 1909; Ginebts Taki and Otuka, 1943; and Convexta Noda, 1975, as well as the pan- oceanic deep-water Calhotropis Seguenza, 1903 (= Solaricida Dall, 1919). Detailed revision of this group employing radular and ana-. tomical characters is in progress by the author. The name Bathy- bembix is applied in a broad sense to the species treated below, al- though it should be noted that the northeastern Pacific Paleogene species are closer to Ginebis and are distinct from the four living species comprising Bathybembix s. s. Bathybembix columbiana (Dall, 1909) Pl. 1, figs. 5-9 Turcicula columbiana Dall, 1909, U.S. Geol. Sury., Prof. Pap. 59, p. 100, pl. 3, figs. 2, 11; Weaver, 1943, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 5, pt. 2, p. 292, pl. 63, fig. 1, pl. 101, figs. 1-3; Durham, 1944, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 27, No. 5, p. 154; Vokes, 1945 (checklist) in War- ren and others, U.S. Geol. Sury. Oil and Gas Invest., Prelim. Map 42. Discussion. — Bathybembix columbiana is a large, thin-shelled, trochiform species characteristic of basal Galvinian beds in the Paci- fic Northwest. The extremely thin outer shell layer is rarely pre- served, and the species is most readily recognized by the nacreous *Crosse, 1893, J. Conchol., vol. 40, p. 288. PALEOGENE GAsTROPOoDS From OreEGon: HICKMAN ihr internal layers. The body whorl is angulated by two rows of nodes. The anterior peripheral row comprises about 30 small bead-like nodes. The posterior row has 17 to 19 larger nodes representing swellings on the wrinkle-like collabral axial ridges that ornament the shoulder. The flattened base of the body whorl is ornamented by six to seven thin spiral ridges with slightly convex interspaces. The simple outer lip and lack of umbilicus are characteristic of the genus. The aperture is quadrate. Material examined. — 158 specimens and numerous fragments. Stratigraphic distribution. — This species is abundant at locali- ties along Rock Creek in the type section of the Keasey Formation. It is restricted to the lower member of the Keasey Formation within the type area. Most specimens are badly distorted, although the adherence of nacreous shell material facilitates instant recognition in the field. It is also abundant in provincial upper Eocene (basal Galvinian) beds on the Willapa River at Holcomb, Washington, where specimens are preserved as relatively featureless but un- distorted internal molds (PI. 1, fig. 9). Figured hypotypes. —USNM 251323, 251324, 251325. Localities. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 2717 (type locality), 15263, 15265, 15266, 15307, 15308, 15309, 15584, 25025, 25026, 25028, 25270; SU NP 3, H35, H43, H68; DOGAMI PF 187. Beds at Holcomb, Washington: USGS M2285, 25024; UCMP A1810; SU NP 253. Comparison. — B. columbiana is distinguished from other Ter- tiary species of Bathybembix s. l. by the prominent oblique axial sculpture on the shoulder. B. arnoldi (Durham, 1944) from the Oligocene of Washington and B. santacruzana (Arnold, 1908) from the Oligocene of California have less well developed axial sculpture and different arrangements of nodes and spiral ridges. B. washing- tomana (Dall, 1909) and B. turbonata (Clark, 1932) are both smooth-shelled species without any trace of nodose ornamentation. Bathybembix nitor n. sp. Plo ricselen2, Description. — Shell small, trochiform, thin; outer shell layers missing on all material examined; body whorl ornamented by two rows of bead-like nodes, the anterior peripheral row more strongly developed than the posterior; shoulder without ornamentation; base with six thin spiral ribs with wider interspaces; aperture ovate and 18 Bu.tetin 310 inclined at an angle of 60° from the axis of coiling; umbilicus lacking; outer lip not preserved. Etymology. — L. nitor (noun) = splendor, brilliance. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 18 mm; maximum diameter 13.5 mm. Material examined.— Seven specimens and numerous small fragments. Stratigraphic distribution. — B. nitor is currently known only from the upper member of the Keasey Formation. Holotype. — USNM 251326. Paratype. — USNM 251327. Type localhty.— Upper member, Keasey Formation: USGS 25032. Other locality.— Upper member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15601. Comparison. — The new species is readily distinguished from juvenile specimens of B. columbiana by the lack of oblique axial sculpture on the shoulder slope and the ovate shape of the aperture. A similar small undescribed trochid from late Eocene (Galvinian) beds of the Lincoln Creek Formation in the southern Olympic Peninsula, Washington (Armentrout, 1973) is distinguished by the presence of two rows of beads on the shoulder slope. No complete specimens of B. nitor have been collected, and individuals are most often preserved as crushed fragments of beaded nacreous shell material. Bathybembix ? n. sp. Pk) 2 fisses ae Turcicula n. sp. Vokes, 1946, ix Warren and Norbisrath, Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol., Bulllviolas0) ptadlaiNos 25 ps227e Discussion. — A single incomplete nacreous shell from the upper member of the Keasey Formation differs from other fossil trochids from the Pacific Coast in its broad, flat, unornamented shoulder slope. The body whorl is angulated by two nodose spiral cords. On the base there are four faintly noded spiral cords with interspaces of equal width. The outer lip is broken, but the aperture appears to have been quadrate. Details of the umbilical region are not well enough preserved to permit positive allocation to Bathybembix, and fixation of a specific name is deferred until additional specimens are available. PaALEOGENE GAstTRopops From Orecon: HICKMAN 19 The specimen was collected by Harold Vokes and constitutes the basis for references to “a new species of Turcicula .. . found only in the upper member” (Warren and Norbisrath, 1946, p. 227). Figured specimen. —USNM 251328. Locality. — Upper member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15601. Genus MARGARITES Gray, 1847’ Type species (by monotypy).— Turbo helicinus Phipps (1774, Voyage to the North Pole, App., p. 198). Holocene, north Atlantic, Arctic, north Pacific. Margarites (Margarites) sericeus n. sp. P12) figss 5* 68 Description. — Shell relatively large for genus, thin, smooth and lustrous; with about four rounded whorls increasing rapidly in size and overlapping to produce a large body whorl and low spire; spiral angle about 100°; umbilicus wide and deep, set off by faint angula- tion on base of body whorl; aperture circular, prosocline, with a thin, sharp outer lip; columellar lip attached to lower surface of body whorl for a short distance; surface covered with numerous fine growth lines. Etymology. — L. sericeus (adj.) = silky. Dimensions of holotype. -—— Height 15 mm; maximum diameter 20.5 mm. Material examined. — Six specimens. Stratigraphic distribution.— M. sericeus is known only from lower Keasey equivalent beds on the Willapa River near Holcomb, Washington, where it is associated with Bathybembix columbiana, Conus weltoni n. sp., Fusinus dilleri n. sp., and other species that typically co-occur in assemblages from the lower member of the Keasey Formation in Oregon. Holotype. —UCMP 14536. Paratypes. —UCMP 14537, 14538. Type locality. — Beds at Holcomb, Washington: UCMP A1810. Other locality. — Beds at Holcomb, Washington: USGS M2285. Comparison. — The new species is distinguished by its large, very thin, polished, few-whorled, depressed shell. Margarites is a boreal genus that is represented in the northeastern Pacific today by 5Gray, 1847, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 20, p. 271. 20 BuLLeETIN 310 about 15 species in which individuals are typically smaller-shelled than M. (M.) sericeus. The large-shelled Arctic species M. groen- landicus (Gmelin, 1791) is similar to the new species in size and general proportions, but lacks the faint umbilical demarcation. M. chappells Durham, 1944, a younger Oligocene species from the upper part of the Quimper Sandstone in Washington, is the only other described representative of Margarites s. s. in the Pacific Coast Tertiary; and it is a small-shelled, high-spired species. Subgenus PUPILLARIA Dall, 1909* Type species (by monotypy).—Margarites pupillus Gould (1849, Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. Proc., vol. 3, p. 91). Holocene, Bering Sea to San Pedro, California. Margarites (Pupillaria) ? sp. PI. 2 figs Discussion. — Distinct spiral ribs with broad concave inter- spaces characterize the sculpture of the body whorl of a small in- complete trochid that is similar to living species of the subgenus Pupuillaria. The spire is missing and the aperture and umbilical region are largely obscured by matrix, but the shell seems to have an open umbilicus. Material examined. — One specimen. Stratigraphic distribution.— This species is known only from the beds of lower Keasey age on the Willapa River near Holcomb, Washington. Figured specimen. — UCMP 14539. Locality. — Beds at Holcomb, Washington: UCMP A1810. Comparison. — The prominent spiral ribs of Margarites (Pupil- laria) ? sp. distinguish it from the smooth-shelled M. sericeus n. sp. and M. chappelli Durham, 1944. Subfamily SOLARIELLINAE Genus SOLARIELLA S. V. Wood, 1842° Type species (by monotypy).— Solariella maculata S. V. Wood (1842, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 9, p. 531). Pliocene, England. ‘Dall, 1909, U.S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Pap. 59, p. 97. *S. V. Wood, 1842, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 9, p. 531. PALEOGENE GAsTROPODS From OrEGoN: HICKMAN 21 Subgenus MACHAEROPLAX Friele, 1877° Type species (by original designation).— Margarita affims Friele (ex Jeffreys MS) (1877, Arch. Naturvidensk. Christiania, vol. 2, p. 311). Holocene, north Atlantic. Solariella (Machaeroplax) cicca n. sp. Pl. 2, figs. 13, 14 Description. — Shell small, with four rounded whorls; inner layers nacreous; aperture circular and prosocline at an angle of about 65° from the axis of coiling; with a deep, narrow umbilicus; body whorl ornamented by 12 to 14 spiral threads crossed by axial striae of equal or lesser prominence to form faintly cancellate pattern; axial sculpture more pronounced on early whorls; lacking the beaded spiral thread that surrounds the umbilicus in Solariella s. s. Etymology. — L. ciccus (noun) = a bagatelle. The Latin noun has its origin in the Greek name for the membrane surrounding the grains of a pomegranate. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 7 mm; maximum diameter 6 mm. Material examined. —17 specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. —S. cicca has been collected only in the lower member of the Keasey Formation in Oregon and in coeval beds on the Willapa River at Holcomb, Washington. In both areas it occurs in association with Bathybembix columbiana and other char- acteristic lower Keasey species. Holotype. — USNM 251329. Figured paratype. — USNM 251330. Unfigured paratype. —USNM 251331 a-e. Type locality. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15307. Other localities. —Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15309, SU NP 3. Beds at Holcomb, Washington: USGS M2285. Comparison. — Small umbilicate trochids are best represented in the Eocene of the Pacific Coast, although they are minor faunal elements and are seldom well preserved. Many of the described species cannot be properly evaluated until better material is available. S. cicca is similar to the Eocene S. crescentensis Weaver and Palmer, "Friele, 1877, Arch. Naturvidensk. Christiania, vol. 2, p. 311. 22 BuLuetIn 310 1922, and S. olequahensis Weaver and Palmer, 1922, but lacks the prominent beaded spiral that sets off the umbilicus in the latter two species. Family TURBINIDAE Subfamily HOMALOPOMATINAE Genus PHANEROLEPIDA Dall, 1907’ Type species (by monotypy).-—-Turbo transenna Watson (1879, Linn. Soc. London, Zool., J., vol. 14, p. 714). Holocene, Paci- fic coast of Honshu, Japan. Phanerolepida oregonensis Hickman, 1972 Pl. 2, figs. 9-12 Phanerolepida oregonensis Hickman, 1972, The Veliger, vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 109- 111, figs. 4, 8, 12, 15; 1974a, The Veliger, vol. 17, No. 2, p. 91, fig. 5. Discussion. — The large-shelled homalopomatine species Phane- rolepida oregonensis is immediately recognized by its characteristic coarse rhombohedral surface sculpture produced by intersection of incised spiral lines and incised opisthocline axial lines. There is one living species of Phanerolepida, P. transenna (Watson, 1879), which is known only from a thermally and latitudinally restricted portion of the Japanese bathyal fauna. The morphology, evolution and markedly disjunct distribution of the genus are discussed by Hick- man (1972, 1974a). Material examined.— Keasey Formation: seven specimens. Quimper Sandstone: one specimen. Lincoln Creek Formation: 21 specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. — Within the Keasey Formation, P. oregonensis has been collected only in the upper part of the middle member. It has also been collected from an approximately coeval horizon in the Quimper Sandstone, northeastern Olympic Peninsula, Washington. It is abundant, although poorly-preserved, at USGS 25762 at the base of the Lincoln Creek Formation on Canyon River, southern Olympic Peninsula, Washington. Holotype (refigured here). —USNM 646902. Figured hypotypes. —USNM 251332, 251333. Type locality.— Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 25031. "Dall, 1907, Smithson. Misc. Collect., vol. 50, No. 1727, p. 168. PALEOGENE GAsTROoPODS From OrEGoN: HICKMAN 23 Other localities. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15267, 25918. Lincoln Creek Formation: USGS 25762. Quimper Sandstone: unnumbered SU locality. Comparison. — P. oregonensis has a coarser sculpture pattern and more strongly inclined aperture than Neogene species from Japan and Okinawa. The related homalopomatine genus Nehalemia Hickman, 1974a, described from the upper part of the Cowlitz Formation in northwestern Oregon, is distinguished by an incised dendritic opisthocline sculpture superimposed on spiral ribbing. Order MESOGASTROPODA Superfamily TURRITELLACEA Family TURRITELLIDAE Genus TURRITELLA Lamarck, 1799° Type species (by monotypy).— Turbo terebra Linnaeus. Holo- cene, Tropical western Pacific. Discussion. — Turritellid morphological terminology and nota- tional system used here follow the suggestions of Allison (1965) for standardization of the systems proposed by previous authors. It is particularly important to note that “tricostate” denotes the presence of three ribs; and that the tricostate forms under discussion may be either tricarinate (with all three ribs strongly keeled) or bi- carinate (with one of the three ribs reduced in strength). Turritella keaseyensis n. sp. Pia 2;tigs) 15-17 Turritella oregonensis (Conrad, 1865) Merriam, 1941 (in part), Univ. Cali- fornia Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 26, No. 1, pl. 20, fig. 18. Description. — Shell small; maximum observed height 23 mm; maximum observed diameter 7.1 mm; spire profile conical, with pleural angle averaging 16°; protoconch of about two smooth whorls; early whorls mesocostate, with primary spirals appearing rapidly in the order A;B,Cod or a3B,Csd, d corresponding with the suture throughout coiling; major spirals heavy, with strong concavity be- tween Ag and B,, B; and Cy, and Cz and suture; generally remaining tricarinate throughout later ontogeny, with r appearing on most “Lamarck, 1799, Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat., Paris, ser. 1, p. 74. 24 BULLETIN 310 specimens and an occasional very faint s or t; occasionally becoming bicarinate through reduction in relative strength of A3 to a3; whorls convex; with maximum whorl diameter corresponding with Cy; de- tails of aperture not known; antispiral sinus deep, the deepest portion falling between Ag and B, but closer to B,; growth line angle very narrow, approaching 0°; spiral sinus shallow, with maximum at or near d. Dimensions of holotype. — Height (incomplete) 13.5 mm; maximum diameter 4.5 mm. Material examined. — Eleven specimens. Stratigraphic occurrence. —T. keaseyensis is not common in the Keasey Formation and occurs only in the middle and upper members. The bathyal depths and cooler temperatures in which the Keasey fauna lived were undoubtedly not favorable for development of dense turritellid populations comparable to those of shallower and warmer environments. Holotype. —USNM 251334. Figured paratypes. —USNM 251335, 251336. Unfigured paratype. —USNM 251337. Type locality.— Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15281. Other localities. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15525. Upper member: USGS 15601, 25032, ?M3864. Comparison. — Merriam (1941) was unaware of the presence of Turritella in the Keasey Formation, although he figured a Keasey specimen as 7. oregonensis (Conrad, 1865), apparently having in- terpreted the locality as within the Miocene Astoria Formation. Some specimens of 7. keaseyensis do show striking convergence in appearance with the Astoria species. T. oregonensis, also a small- shelled species, has bicarinate later whorls with a strong anterior B and C and a weaker posterior r and a. This same condition may develop on T. keaseyensis through reduction of A. T. pittsburgensis Moore, 1976, of the Pittsburg Bluff Formation, is also a small- shelled species with a strong anterior bicarination, but it is distin- guished by the consistent presence of six costae on later whorls (Moore, 1976, p. 30). The probable close relationship of the above three species, as well as the less similarly ornamented Lincoln Creek species T. por- terensis Weaver, 1912, is further suggested by the distinctive PALEOGENE GAsTROPODS FRom OreEGoN: HICKMAN 25 Text-figure 2.— Spiral ornamentation and distinctive bisinuate growth line of Turritella keaseyensis n. sp. bisinuate growth line with an unusually deep antispiral sinus and very narrow growth line angle (approaching 0°). Growth line fea- tures and ornamentation pattern of 7. keaseyensis are illustrated in Text-figure 2. If apical ontogeny is accorded first-order importance in deline- ating turritellid phyletic history (Allison, 1965), then Twurritella keaseyensis, with its mesocostate (B,) early whorls, is unique and unrelated to the superficially similar small-shelled deeper-water species discussed above, which are generally placed in the bicostate (B,C,) 7. wvasana stock of Merriam (1941, p. 42-44). However, apical development of spiral ornamentation is not clearly docu- mented for any of these species, and application of the term “bi- costate” may simply indicate the presence of two spirals on early whorls rather than their simultaneous appearance. 26 BuLLETIN 310 Superfamily EPITONIACEA Family EPITONIIDAE Genus EPITONIUM Roding, 1798° Type species (by subsequent designation, Suter [1913, Man. of N. Z. Mollusca, p. 319]).— Turbo scalaris Linnaeus. Holocene, Indo-Pacific. Subgenus BOREOSCALA Kobelt, 1902° Type species (by original designation).— Epitontum green- landicum Perry (1811, Conch., pl. 28, fig. 8). Epitonium (Boreoscala) condoni (Dall, 1909) Pl. .3, figssaae Epitonium (Arctoscala) condoni Dall, 1909, U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 59, p. 53, figs. 1, 12. Epitonium (Boreoscala) condoni (Dall), Weaver, 1916, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 1, No. 1, p. 30; Grant and Gale, 1931, San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Mem., vol. 1, p. 856; Durham, 1937, J. Paleontol., vol. 11, No. 6, p. 494, pl. 57, fig. 4; Weaver, 1943, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 5, pt. 2, pp. 314-315, pl. 65, figs. 12, 13, 16, 17; Durham, 1944, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 27, No. 5, p. 157; Hickman, 1969, Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Oregon, Bull. 16, pp. 74-75, pl. 10, figs. 7, 8, 9, 10, 12. Discussion. — The Epitontum condom complex of the Pacific Northwest provincial late Eocene-Oligocene comprises a broad range of plastic, ecotypic, temporal and geographic variation (Durham, 1937; Hickman, 1969) whose patterns are difficult to define. Al- though there is precedent (Durham, 1937) for assigning a new name to the variant discussed below, I defer until the entire group has been studied in greater detail. Specimens from seven localities in the middle member of the Keasey Formation are similar to FE. condoni s. s. from the Eugene Formation in Oregon. The pattern of spiral ribs with five closely- spaced subsutural spirals and heavier, more widely-spaced spirals on the central portion of the whorl is characteristic of the entire E. condoni complex. The Keasey specimens differ from typical E. con- doni in having more axial costae (17 or 18 per whorl in contrast to 10 to 16 in specimens from the Eugene Formation), but both have costae that are nodose at intersections with primary spirals, and "Roding, 1798, Mus. Boltenianum, pt. 2, p. 91. MK obelt, 1902, Iconogr. Schal. Eur. Meeresconch., vol. 3, p. 23. PALEOGENE GAsTROPODS From OrEGcoN: HICKMAN Di, identical whorl profiles. The basal keel varies from prominent to obsolete in the Keasey specimens. Material examined. — Nine specimens. Stratigraphic distribution.—In the Keasey Formation this species is confined to the middle member, where it occurs over a range of about 450 m. Figured hypotypes. — USNM 251338, 251339. Localities. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15267, 15268, 15274, 15280, 15282, 15508, 15510. Comparison. — The Keasey specimens are distinguished from other described variants in the Epitoniwm condom complex by their thin, nodose axial costae and from E. condom s. s. by their greater number of axial costae. E. keaseyense, which occurs at some of the same localities as the Keasey form of FE. condom, also has nodose axial costae, but the spiral ornamentation in the former species is even and more closely spaced, distinguishing it from the entire E. condom complex. Epitonium (Boreoscala) keaseyense Durham, 1937 Pl. 3, figs. 3-5 Epitonium (Boreoscala) keaseyense Durham, 1937, J. Paleontol., vol. 11, No. 6, p. 498, pl. 57, fig. 17; Weaver, 1943, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. Oy pt 2) pe 349: pl. 66, figs 12: Discussion. — Epitonium keaseyense is one of the most easily recognized of the large Keasey epitoniids, with its relatively broad axial costae crossed by relatively heavy, evenly-spaced, primary spiral ribs. There is a characteristic posterior offset in the spirals as they pass up the abapertural side of each axial costa. Although the holotype has only nine axial costae per whorl, specimens at hand have as many as 14. The number and relative strength of spiral bands is likewise more variable than indicated in the original description (12 to 18 per whorl and with bands the same width as interspaces to one-half the width of interspaces). The width of the axial costae may vary on a single specimen (PI. 3, fig. 4), and the basal keel varies from prominent to obsolete. Material examined. — 28 specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. — Epitonium keaseyense occurs throughout the lower and middle members of the Keasey Formation but has not been collected in the upper member. Durham (1937, p. 498) reported the species from the Gries Ranch Beds in Washington. 28 BuL.etTin 310 Holotype. — SUPTC 497. Figured hypotypes. —USNM 251340, 251341, 251342. Type locality. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: SU NP 292: Other localities. —Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15263, 25028. Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15267, 15281, 15282, 15602, 15508, 25030, 25031, 25033, 25034; UCMP A1648; SU H36. Gries Ranch Beds: UCMP A3607. Comparison. — Epitonium keaseyense is distinguished from the closely related E. schencki, with which it occurs at a number of localities, by its coarser spiral sculpture and by the continuation of spiral sculpture across the axial costae. Differentiation from mem- bers of the E. condom complex is discussed above. Epitonium (Boreoscala) schencki Durham, 1937 Pl. 3, figs. 6-9 ?Opalia rugifera Dall, 1908, Nautilus, vol. 22, p. 80 (nomen nudum). ?Epitonium (Opalia) rugiferum Dall, 1909, U.S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Pap. 59, p. 52, pl. 3, fig. 10; Durham, 1937, J. Paleont., vol. 11, No. 6, p. 501; Weaver, 1943, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 5, pt. 2, pp. 321-322, pl. 67, fig. 1 (nomen dubium). Epitonium (Boreoscala) keaseyense Durham subsp. schencki Durham, 1937, J. Paleontol., vol. 11, No. 6, p. 498, pl. 57, figs. 14, 15, 16; Weaver, 1943, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 5, pt. 2, p. 320, pl. 66, figs. 13, 17, 18. Discussion. — This taxon was originally described as a sub- species of Epitonium keaseyense, but analysis of additional material shows that it is sufficiently distinct to be accorded specific status. It does not intergrade morphologically with E. keaseyense, as do many of the described taxa in the related EF. condoni complex. Dis- tinguishing features include heavy axial costae composed of numerous fine closely-crowded spiral threads of one or several ranks. The mean number of axial costae in the specimens examined is 11 per whorl. On most specimens there are more than 50 spiral threads between the suture and the basal keel in each axial interspace. These are not always of uniform width or spacing, but undifferentiable into separate ranks. Several specimens have 12 or 13 distinctly heavier spirals, with finer threads in the interspaces (PI. 3, fig. 6). The basal keel is usually well developed in this species. Material examined. — 33 specimens. Stratigraphic distribution.— This species occurs in all three members of the Keasey Formation and also at lower Keasey equiva- lent beds on the Willapa River at Holcomb, Washington. PALEOGENE GAstTROpPOpS From OreEGcoN: HICKMAN 29 Holotype. — SUPTC 7783. Figured hypotypes. —USNM 251343, 251344, 251345, 251346. Type locality. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: SU H35 (= USGS 15267): Other localities. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15263, 15584. Middle member: USGS 15267, 15274, 15280, 15281, 15282, 15508, 15517, 15602, 25031, 25033, 25036; SU H26, H36, Up- per member: USGS 25032. Beds at Holcomb, Washington: UCMP A1810, A1816. Comparison. — The large number of fine, closely-crowded spiral threads in the axial interspaces distinguishes this species from other large-shelled Cenozoic epitoniids. Reexamination of the holotype of Epitoniwum (Opalia) rugi- ferum Dall, 1909, suggests that it may be this species. Numerous fine spiral threads are faintly visible in portions of two of the axial interspaces, although the specimen is too poorly preserved for com- parison and the name must be considered doubtful. The holotype was collected by Diller in the type area of the Keasey Formation, although Dall believed it to be a Pliocene species and had identified the same species in Neogene material from Alaska (Dall, 1908, p. 80). Epitonium (Boreoscala) wyattdurhami n. sp. Bis, figs 10) 10 Description. — Shell large ( >50 mm high), slender, with a tall spire of seven whorls; ornamented by 11 to 12 low bands of axial lamellae of variable width; sutures obscured by appressed and coalesced posterior ends of axial lamellar bands, which form a callus deposit extending over the anterior one-third of the preceding whorl; axial interspaces ornamented by numerous fine, faintly de- veloped, spiral threads; aperture ovate, in plane of axis of coiling, with short anterior spout; basel keel obsolete. Etymology. — This species is named in honor of J. Wyatt Dur- ham in recognition of his work on Cenozoic epitoniids and numerous contributions to molluscan paleontology and biostratigraphy. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 64 mm, maximum diameter 20 mm. Material examined. — Ten specimens. Discussion. — This species seems to be unusually constant 30 BuL.etin 310 morphologically compared with other large Paleogene epitoniids. The most variable character is the width of the axial bands, and variation on a single specimen may be as great as variation within a population. Stratigraphic distribution.— Epitonium wyattdurhami occurs only in the middle member of the Keasey Formation but has been collected both near the base and near the top of the member. It occurs with the four species discussed above at two localities, and does not seem to be ecologically or stratigraphically distinctive. Holotype. — USNM 251347. Figured paratype. — USNM 251348. Unfigured paratypes. —USNM 251349 a-c. Type locality.— Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 25031. Other localities.-- Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 152672015279, 15282, 15510. Comparison.— The broad, low axial bands and extensive sutural callus confer an encrusted appearance that distinguishes this species from other large epitoniids in the Keasey Formation. Strikingly similar encrusted specimens occur in the Epitontwm con- doni complex, most notably £. condoni subsp. janerobertsae Durham, 1937. Durham’s holotype exhibits coarse spiral ornamentation in the pattern characteristic of the E. condoni complex, however, while E. wyattdurhami has numerous fine spiral threads similar to those of EF. schenckt. Epitonium (Boreoscala) condoni (Dall) subsp. refulleri Durham, 1937 Epitonium (Boreoscala) condoni (Dall) subsp. refulleri Durham, 1937, J. Paleontol., vol. 11, No. 6, p. 497, pl. 57, fig. 3; Weaver, 1943, Univ. Wash- ington Publ. Geol., vol. 5, pt. 2, p. 319, pl. 66, fig. 12. Discussion. — An incomplete specimen with relatively straight- sided whorls, thin axial costae, and faint, widely-spaced spiral rib- bing, from the middle member of the Keasey Formation (SU NP 1), serves as holotype of this taxon. Nothing similar to the type speci- men is present in subsequent collections from the Keasey Formation, making the name difficult to evaluate. Genus AMAEA H. & A. Adams, 1853” PALEOGENE GastTropops From Orecon: HICKMAN 31 Type species (by subsequent designation, Boury, 1909, J. Conchyl., vol. 57, p. 258).—Scalaria magnifica Sowerby (1853, Thes. Conchyl., vol. 1, No. 4, p. 102). Holocene, western Pacific. Subgenus SCALINA Conrad, 1865° (= FERMINOSCALA Dall, 1908"*) Type species (by subsequent designation, Palmer, 1937, Bull. Am. Paleontol., vol. 7, No. 32, p. 102).— Scala staminea Conrad (1865, Am. J. Conchol., vol. 1, p. 27). Eocene (Claibornian), south- eastern United States. Amaea (Scalina) n. sp.? aff. A. dickersoni (Durham, 1937) PI. 3, fig. 12 Discussion. — A single well-preserved but incomplete specimen of the deep-water epitoniid Scalina may represent a new species. The shell is small and slender, with a fine, squarely reticulate pattern produced by axial and spiral threads of nearly equal spacing and prominence. Eight well-developed spiral threads are present on the main part of the largest whorl. Spiral sculpture is obsolete on the posterior portion of the whorl, where the axial threads are reflected and lamellar. There are 32 axial threads on the body whorl. Spiral thread deposition is terminated at the beginning of each axial and resumed at the end of axial deposition, often with a slight offset in the spiral from one axial interspace to the next. The aperture and base are broken. Stratigraphic distribution.— Upper part of middle member, Keasey Formation. Figured specimen. — USNM 251350. Locahty. — USGS 15280. Comparison.— A number of species of Scalina have been described from Tertiary rocks in the Pacific Northwest (see Dur- ham, 1937), but all are poorly known and not well represented in collections. The specimen described above is most similar to Scalina dickersont (Durham, 1937) from the partially coeval Gries Ranch Beds in southwestern Washington, although the sculpture is more delicate on the Keasey specimen. "H. and A. Adams, 1853, Gen. Recent ae vol. 1, p. 223. “Conrad, 1865, Am. J. Conchol., vol. 1, 27. ™Dall, 1908, Harvard Univ., Mus. Comp. Deol Bull., vol. 43, No. 6, p. 315. a2 BuLLeTIN 310 Superfamily EULIMACEA Family EULIMIDAE Genus BALCIS Leach in Gray, 1847" Type species (by monotypy). — Balcis montagui Leach in Gray (1847, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, p. 271). Holocene, eastern Atlantic. Balcis sp. Pl. 3,, fig- 42 Discussion. — A single worn non-umbilicate eulimid from the middle member of the Keasey Formation represents the oldest re- ported occurrence of the genus Balcis on the Pacific Coast, although several younger horizons in the Gries Ranch Beds in southwestern Washington have yielded these parasitic mesogastropods. Two species of the related eulimid genus Niso Risso, 1826, have been described from the Eocene of California (Gabb, 1864; Anderson & Hanna, 1925). These species were not reviewed by Emerson (1965) in his treatment of Eastern Pacific Niso, but unevaluated reports of the two species from elsewhere in the Pacific Coast Eocene suggest that the genus was widely established. I have collected a Niso in the Cowlitz Formation in southwestern Washington that may be new and is probably the species identified by Weaver (1916, p. 26) as N. polita Gabb, 1864. The Keasey eulimid is moderately large (6.4 mm high), polished, with an evenly tapering spire of six nearly flat-sided whorls separated by weakly impressed sutures. The thickened columellar lip is parallel to the axis of coiling and joins the parietal lip abruptly to form an obtuse angle. The outer lip and apex of the shell are broken. There is no umbilicus. Stratigraphic distribution.— Lower part of middle member, Keasey Formation. Figured specimen. — USNM 251351. Locality. — USGS 25030. Comparison. — Balcis clarki (Dickerson, 1917) of the Gries Ranch Beds differs from the Keasey species in having an angulated base set off by a spiral line. A second species occurring in the Gries Ranch Beds (Melanella sp. Effinger, 1938) may be conspecific with the Keasey specimen, although better material is needed before comparisons can be made. PaLEOGENE GAstTRopops From Orecon: HICKMAN 33 Superfamily CALYPTRACEA Family CALYPTRAEIDAE Genus CALYPTRAEA Lamarck, 1799" Type species (by monotypy).— Patella chinensis Linnaeus. Holocene, western Europe. Calyptraea diegoana (Conrad, 1855) Pl. 2, figs. 18-21 Trochita diegoana Conrad, 1855, House Exec. Doc. 129, p. 7, 17; Conrad, 1858, Pac: Railr. Rep. 5, p. 327, pl. 5, fig. 42. Galerus excentricus Gabb, 1864, Geol. Surv. California, Paleontol., vol. 1, p. 136, 228, pl. 20, fig. 95, pl. 29, figs. 232, 232a. Calyptrea diegoana (Conrad) Dall, 1892, Wagner Inst. Sci., Trans., vol. 3, p. 353; Stewart, 1927, Philadelphia, Acad. Nat. Sci., Proc., vol. 78, pp. 340- 341, pl. 27, fig. 15 (synonymy); Turner, 1938, Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. No. 10, pp. 89, 90, pl. 20, figs. 1, 2; Effinger, 1938, J. Paleontol., vol. 12, No. 4, p. 378; Vokes, 1939, New York Acad. Sci., Ann., vol. 38, p. 166; Weaver, 1943, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 5, pt. 2, pp. 351, 352, pl. 71, figs. 16, 20, pl. 103, fig. 3; Durham, 1944, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 27, No. 5, p. 161; Hickman, 1969, Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Oregon, Bull. 16, p. 79, 82, pl. 11, figs. 7, 8. Calyptraea (Galerus) calabasensis Nelson, 1925, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 15, No. 11, p. 419, pl. 54, figs. 8a, 8b. Calyptraca washingtonensis Weaver, 1916, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 1, No. 1, p. 44, pl. 3, fig. 44; Tegland, 1933, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 23, No. 3, p. 137, pl. 14, fig. 25; Weaver, 1943, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 5, pt. 2, pp. 352-353, pl. 71, figs. 19, 22. Discussion. — Specimens from the middle member of the Kea- sey Formation are referable to this widespread and long-ranging Paleogene species. Its rarity in the Keasey Formation is undoubted- ly linked to the shallow-water habit of the animals, which attach on firm substrates. Two of the Keasey specimens are preserved with valves of Nemocardium weaveri (Anderson & Martin, 1914), and it is possible that Calyptraea attached itself to shells of dead bivalves lying on the substrate. The wide range of variation in Calyptraea diegoana has been discussed by Vokes (1939) and Hickman (1969). Specimens from the Keasey Formation are larger than specimens from the older Cowlitz Formation or the younger Lincoln Creek Formation, but comparable to specimens from the Eugene Formation. The shell is heavier than is typical for the species. Two of the specimens exhibit an angulated whorl profile, atypical of the species, with a slight con- “Teach in Gray, 1847, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, p. 271. *Tamarck, 1799, Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat., Paris, ser. 1, p. 78. 34 BuLteTIin 310 cavity anterior to the suture. The best preserved specimen (PI. 2, fig. 19) has a rounded base with a high, pointed, and slightly ec- centric apex. The other specimens are relatively lower and more ovate in outline. Material examined. — Five specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. — Calyptraea diegoana ranges from upper Paleocene to upper Oligocene on the Pacific Coast. In the Keasey Formation it has been collected from only the middle member. Figured hypotypes. —USNM 251352, 251353, 251354. Localities. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15508, 15602, 25031. Superfamily NATICACEA Family NATICIDAE Discussion. — Six species of naticid gastropods occur in the Keasey Formation. Five of these are long-ranging species of no bio- stratigraphic utility. A sixth, formerly thought to be restricted to the late Eocene “Tejon Stage” is rendered less useful by its presence in the younger Keasey fauna. It is noteworthy that although few “Tejon” mollusks persist into the Galvinian Stage, three of the naticids discussed below survived the abrupt cooling event that oc- curred at approximately 38 m. y. BP (Hickman, 1976). All represent range extensions of species previously thought to be restricted to “Tejon” and older beds. There are, likewise, no significant patterns of association that might indicate habitat partitioning among the six species. In fact, five of the species have been collected at a single locality (USGS 15282) over an interval of uniform lithology in which specimens show no signs of post mortem transport. The absence of ornamentation and relatively conservative shell form of most naticids, coupled with broad ranges of variation in characters that have been used to distinguish species, has made it difficult to apply many names in the literature. Revision of the family (Marincovich, 1977) provides a timely re-evaluation of the species discussed below. My discussions are purposefully brief, and the reader is referred to Marincovich’s monograph for comprehensive treatment of each species. PaALEOGENE GAsTROPODS From OrEcon: HICKMAN 35 Genus NATICA Scopoli, 1777 Type species (by subsequent designation of Anton [1839, Verz. Conchyl. .. ., p. 31]).— Nerita vitellus Linnaeus. Holocene, Indo- Pacific. Natica (Natica) weaveri Tegland, 1933 Pl. 4, figs. 1-5 Natica (Natica) weaveri Tegland, 1933, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 23, pp. 138-139, pl. 14, figs. 13-17; Durham, 1944, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 27, p. 159; Marincovich, 1977, Bull. Am. Paleontol., vol. 70, No. 294, pp. 367-369, pl. 38, figs. 7-12. ?Natica (Natica) cf. weaveri Tegland, Effinger, 1939, J. Paleontol., vol. 12, eee Venbaciea) weaveri Tegland, Weaver, 1943, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., pt. 2, vol. 5, pp. 333-334, pl. 68, figs. 8, 9, 13. Natica aff. N. weaveri Tegland, Vokes, 1945 (checklist), 72 Warren and others, U.S. Geol. Surv. Oil and Gas Invest. Prelim. Map 42. Discussion. — Abundant small shells of a narrowly umbilicate Natica in the Keasey Formation originally seemed to me to represent a new species. However, Marincovich (1977) points out that these small individuals have the same number of whorls as large Natica weavert from the coeval and younger shallow-water fauna, from which the species was originally described. He suggests that their small size is a result of bathymetric stunting, a well-documented phenomenon in living naticids (see also Odhner, 1913). Keasey populations are highly variable in umbilical morphology, but the umbilicus is generally smaller and more completely closed than in typical N. weavert. Smaller umbilici are also characteristic of deep-water naticids of the polinicine subgenus Euspira, and Marincovich (1977, p. 369) suggests that umbilical differences in N. weaver represent a parallel trend. The anterior parietal callus lobe is generally indistinctly separated from the funicle, which often fills the umbilicus completely. The parietal callus is thinnest medially, and the leading edge is often indented (a growth phenomenon) or characteristically cracked and partially exfoliated (post-mortem ?) in this region (PI. 4, figs. 2, 3). The calcareous operculum of this species (PI. 4, figs. 4, 5) was collected at USGS 15282 in the middle member of the Keasey Formation. Material examined. — 244 specimens. *Scopoli, 1777, Introd. Hist. Nat., p. 392. 36 BuLvetin 310 Stratigraphic distribution. — Natica weaveri occurs at numerous localities throughout the Keasey Formation and marks the lowest stratigraphic occurrence of the species and of Natica s. s. in the northeastern Pacific. It occurs at equivalent and at higher horizons in the Lincoln Creek Formation and Gries Ranch Beds in Washing- ton. Figured hypotypes. —USNM 251355, 251356, 251357, 251358. Locahties. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15306, 15307, 15308, 15309, 15584. Middle member: USGS 15267, 15274, 15276, 15279) 15280," °15281) 152825 15283, "15508, 15517) Aseees 25031, 25034, 25036, 25038, 25039. Upper member: USGS 25032. Subfamily POLINICINAE Genus POLINICES Montfort, 1810” Type species (by original designation). — Polimces albus Mont- fort (1810, Conchy]l. Syst., vol. 2, p. 223). Holocene, West Indies (?). Subgenus EUSPIRA Agassiz in J. Sowerby, 1838 Type species (by subsequent designation of Harris [1897, Cat. Tert. Moll... ., pt. 1, p. 264]).— Ampullaria sigaretina Lamarck (1804, Mus. Hist. Nat., Paris, Ann., vol. 5, No. 25, p. 33). Paleogene, France and England. Polinices (Euspira?) clementensis (M. A. Hanna, 1927) Pl. 4, figs. 6, 7 Natica clementensis M. A. Hanna, 1927, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 16, pp. 304-305, pl. 47, figs. 1, 3, 4, 6; Vokes, 1939, New York Acad. Sci., Ann., vol. 38, p. 168. Polinices (Euspira) clementensis (M. A. Hanna) Clark, 1938, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., vol. 49, pp. 690, 703, pl. 4, figs. 15, 22. Euspira clementensis (M. A. Hanna) Givens, 1974, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 109, p. 77, pl. 7, figs. 15, 17. Polinices (Euspira?) clementensis (M. A. Hanna) Marincovich, 1977, Bull. Am. Paleontol., vol. 70, No. 294, pp. 290-291, pl. 27, figs. 8-10. Discussion. — Polinices (Euspira?) clementensts is one of the most frequent and abundant gastropod species in the Keasey Forma- tion. It is readily distinguished from other Keasey naticids by the conspicuous, narrowly-channeled suture that characterizes the species. Umbilical features are characteristic of Polinices (Euspira), “Montfort, 1810, Conchyl. Syst., vol. 2, p. 223. “Agassiz in Sowerby, 1838, Miner. Conchol., p. 14. PALEOGENE GAstTRoPOpDsS From Orecon: HIcKMAN 37 although the channeled suture is unusual and led Marincovich (1977) to question the appropriate generic assignment of the species. Specimens from the Keasey Formation all show an apical erosion and pitting that is characteristic of many mollusk shells col- lected from deep water (Marincovich, 1977). Material examined. — 336 specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. — Polinices (Euspira?) clementensis has been considered traditionally a middle to late Eocene species ranging from the “Domengine” through “Tejon” megafaunal stages and occurring over a broad latitudinal range. Its occurrence in the Keasey Formation extends the range into the Galvinian Stage. It has been collected at numerous horizons in all three members of the Keasey Formation. Figured hypotypes. —USNM 251359, 251360. Localities. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15309, 15263, 15584, 25026, 25027. Middle member: USGS 15267, 15268, P74 15276, 15277, 15279, 15280, 152819528259 15283, 153.18, 15508, 15517, 15581, 15582, 15602, 25031, 25033, 25034, 25036, 25039. Upper member: USGS 15315, 15518, 15601, 25032, 25268, M3863. Polinices (Euspira) nuciformis (Gabb, 1864) Pl. 4, fig. 8 Lunatia nuciformis Gabb, 1864, Geol. Surv. California, Paleontol., vol. 1, p. 107, 224, pl. 28, fig. 218. Natica nuciformis (Gabb) Anderson & Hanna, 1925, California Acad. Sci. Occas} Pap: nos 11) ps 116; pl) 10), figs 8: Polinices (Euspira) nuciformis (Gabb), Clark & Woodford, 1927, Univ. Cali- fornia Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 17, p. 121, pl. 21, figs. 16, 17; Turner, 1938, Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap., No. 10, p. 88, pl. 20, figs. 4, 5; Clark, 1938, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., vol. 49, p. 703, pl. 4, figs. 26, 31; Vokes, 1939, New York Acad. Sci., Ann., vol. 38, p. 168, pl. 21, figs. 12-14; Weaver, 1943, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 5, pt. 2, pp. 342-343, pl. 70, figs. 1, 2, pl. 103, fig. 2; Givens, 1974, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 109, p. 77, pl. 7, fig. 14; Marincovich, 1977, Bull. Am. Paleontol., vol. 70, No. 294, pp. 281-285, pl. 26, figs. 6-9. Euspira nuciformis (Gabb), Stewart, 1927, Philadelphia, Acad. Nat. Sci., Proc., vol. 78, pp. 323-324, pl. 30, fig. 16. Discussion. — Polinices (Euspira) nuctformts is a small-shelled naticid that is most readily distinguished from P. (£.?) clementensts, with which it frequently occurs, by the lack of a channeled suture. Spire height tends to be variable. On some specimens (e.g. PI. 4, fig. 8) the basal lip is thickened and strongly reflected or rolled over the basal shell exterior. The umbilicus is open, deep, variable in size, and 38 BULLETIN 310 lacks the funicle of Natica (Natica) weaveri, the other naticid with which it occurs at many localities. Material examined. — 67 specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. — Polinices nuciformis is a wide- ranging Paleocene and Eocene species. Its occurrence in the Keasey Formation extends its range into the latest Eocene Galvinian Stage. It has been collected in all three members of the Keasey Formation, although it is most frequent and abundant in the middle member. Figured hypotype. —USNM 251361. Localities. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15309. Middle member: USGS 15267, 15268, 15280, 15281, 15282, 15508, 15517, 15581, 25030, 25031, 25034, 25036, 25038, M3862. Upper member: USGS 15601, 25032. Polinices (Euspira) hotsoni Weaver & Palmer, 1922 Pl. 4, figs. 9, 11 Polinices hotsoni Weaver & Palmer, 1922, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 1, No: 3;p: 22) pl-n9) digs, 14505: Polinices (Euspira) hotsoni Weaver & Palmer, Clark, 1938, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., vol. 49, No. 5, p. 703, pl. 4, figs. 36, 41; Marincovich, 1977, Bull. Am. Paleontol., vol. 70, No. 294, pp. 285-286, pl. 26, figs. 10-13. Polinices (Polinices) hotsoni Weaver & Palmer, Weaver, 1943, Univ. Washing- ton Publ. Geol., vol. 5, pt. 2, pp. 338-339, pl. 69, figs. 1, 2. Discussion. — Three specimens of a relatively heavy-shelled Polinices (Euspira) differ from Keasey specimens of P. (E.) nuct- formis in their large size (>25 mm high), thick parietal callus, and more pronounced broadening of the umbilical callus posteriorly where it coalesces with the parietal callus. These features are char- acteristic of the late Eocene species P. (E.) hotsont, although where the same two species co-occur in the underlying Cowlitz Formation, P. (E.) hotsoni is the smaller-shelled form (Marincovich, 1977). One of the Keasey specimens (USNM 251374) preserves remnants of two faded color bands, each 2.5 mm in width, low on the body whorl. Although the large size of the Keasey specimens does not neces- sarily warrant their taxonomic distinction, it is possible that younger populations of the species were genetically divergent. Material examined. — Keasey Formation: three specimens. Cowlitz Formation: 22 specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. — Polinices (Euspira) hotsont is best known from the type Cowlitz Formation in southwestern Washing- ton and has been considered restricted to the “Tejon Stage”. Its PALEOGENE GastTRopops From Orecon: HICKMAN 39 occurrence both in the Cowlitz and overlying Keasey Formations in northwestern Oregon attests to its persistence across the “Tejon” — Galvinian Stage boundary. Figured hypotypes. —USNM 239909, 251374. Locality. — Lower part of middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15282. Genus NEVERITA Risso, 1826” Type species (by monotypy).— Neverita josephima (josephi- nae, josephina auctt.) Risso (1826, Hist. nat. prince. prod. |’Eur. Meérid., vol. 4, p. 149). Eocene - Holocene, Europe. Neverita (Neverita) washingtonensis (Weaver, 1916) Pl. 4, fig. 10 Natica washingtonensis Weaver, 1916, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 1, p. 44 (in part), pl. 5, figs. 73, 74, 76. Polinices (Euspira) rectus Tegland, 1933, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 23, pp. 139-140, pl. 14, fig. 22. Polinices (Polinices) washingtonensis (Weaver), Weaver, 1943, Univ. Wash- ington Publ. Geol., vol. 5, pt. 2, p. 337 (in part). Polinices washingtonensis (Weaver) Durham, 1944, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 27, p. 160. Cryptonatica pittsburgensis Moore, 1976, U.S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Pap. 922, p. 31, Dilsele figs 92s is lid. Neverita (Neverita) washingtonensis (Weaver), Marincovich, 1977, Bull. Am. Paleontol., vol. 70, No. 294, pp. 307-311, pl. 28, figs. 3-9. Discussion. — Neverita (Neverita) washingtonensts is a poorly understood species. The name has been applied to a variety of both umbilicate and non-umbilicate provincial late Eocene-Oligocene nati- cids, and the concept has been confused by the presence of three species in Weaver’s original type lot. Marincovich (1977, p. 309) designated a lectotype and discussed the previously blurred dis- tinctions between this species and Natica lincolnensis Weaver, 1916 (a Polinices). Neverita (Neverita) washingtonensis is distinguished from other Keasey naticids by its closed umbilicus and narrow umbilical callus, anterior thickening of the inner lip, and heavily developed parietal callus in the posterior apertural angle. Growth lines are heavy in the umbilical area and are often displayed in upraised clusters on worn shells. Material examined. — Four specimens. *Risso, 1826, Hist. nat. prince. prod. l’Eur. Mérid., vol. 4, p. 149. 40 BuLLeTIN 310 Stratigraphic distribution.— Although the type locality of Neverita (Neverita) washingtonensis is stratigraphically higher than the highest occurrence of the species in the Keasey Formation, the species 1s wide-ranging and has been reported from rocks of late Paleocene to late Oligocene age. It has been collected at four hori- zons in the Keasey Formation, all within the middle and upper members. Figured hypotype. — USNM 251362. Localities. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15282, 15508, 25031. Upper member: USGS 15601. Subfamily SININAE Genus SINUM Roding, 1798” Type species (by subsequent designation of Dall [1915, U.S. Natl. Mus., Bull. 90, p. 109]).— Helix halhiotoidea Linnaeus. Holo- cene, west Africa. Sinum obliquum (Gabb, 1864) Pl. 4, figs. 12, 13 Naticina obliqua Gabb, 1864, Geol. Sury. California, Paleontol., vol. 1, p. 109, pl. 21, fig. 112; Dickerson, 1915, California Acad. Sci., Proc., ser. 4, vol. 5, figs. 5a, 5b. Sinum obliquum (Gabb), Arnold & Hannibal, 1913, Am. Philos. Soc., Proc., vol. 52, No. 212, p. 569, 572; Stewart, 1926, Philadelphia, Acad. Nat. Sci., Proc., vol. 78, p. 327, pl. 30, fig. 7a; Clark, 1938, Geol. Soc. Am., Bull., vol. 49, p. 704, pl. 3, figs. 32, 37; Weaver, 1943, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 5, p. 350-351, pl. 71, fig. 13, pl. 103, fig. 6; Durham, 1944, Univ. Cali- fornia Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 27, p. 161; Hickman, 1969, Mus. Nat. Hist., Univ. Oregon, Bull. No. 16, pp. 85-86, pl. 11, figs. 9, 10; Marinco- vich, 1977, Bull. Am. Paleontol., vol. 70, No. 294, pp. 347-350, pl. 33, figs. 1-12. Sinum occidentis Weaver & Palmer, 1922, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 1, No. 3, p. 32, pl. 11, figs. 8, 26; Weaver, 1943, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., VOlaS pe sole pla 7e ties lo. Discussion. — Four relatively small and poorly preserved speci- mens of a broadly umbilicate, thin-shelled, moderately flattened naticid with spiral ornamentation have been collected at four separate localities in the Keasey Formation. The best preserved of the specimens (PI. 4, figs. 12, 13) is similar in size, proportion, and ornamentation to specimens of Sinwm obliquum from the type Tejon Formation in California. S. obliquum is a long-ranging Paleogene species that is of little biostratigraphic value. "Roding, 1798. Mus. Boltenianum, pt. 2, p. 14. PALEOGENE GAsTROPODS FRom OrEGoN: HICKMAN 41 Figured hypotype. —USNM 251363. Localities. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15305. Middle member: USGS 15267, 15280, 25031. Superfamily TONNACEA Family CASSIDAE Genus ECHINOPHORIA Sacco, 1890” Type species (by subsequent designation, Dall, 1909, U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 59, p. 62). — Buccinum intermedium Brocchi (1814, Conchyl. foss. Subapp. . . ., p. 327). Oligocene and Miocene, Italy. Discussion. — Classification of Tertiary cassids of the Pacific Coast has been discussed by Dall (1909), Schenck (1926), Tegland (1931), Durham (1942), and Moore (1963). However, generic as- signments and relationships of the Pacific Coast species are still unsettled. Generic distinctions within the family as a whole are dif- ficult to make, and different authors have emphasized different characters and used conflicting terminology. Abbott (1968) provides the most recent revision of the family. Tertiary species on the Pacific Coast were classified primarily in the genus Galeodea Link, 1807, until Durham (1942) noted that the tuberculate sculpture and short recurved and notched anterior canal of species from the Pacific northwest were similar in many respects to the type species of Echinophoria from the European Tertiary. Species of Echinophoria were later used by Durham (1944) for biostratigraphic zonation of the Washington Oligocene. From examination of the Miocene species, Moore (1963) decided that robust shells with strap-like spiral sculpture were sufficiently different from the type species of Echinophoria to warrant a new name, Liracassis, and further considered that most of the Pacific northwest Oligocene species fit better in the new genus. Abbott (1968) has suggested that Liracassis belongs in synonymy with Mauicassis Fleming, 1943, a name proposed for forms in the Pliocene of New Zealand with strap-like spirals. Echinophoria is best known from the Oligocene and Miocene of Europe and the Eastern Pacific. Although it is typically tubercu- late in appearance, the keel or raised thread separating the siphonal ™Sacco, 1890, Accad. Sci. Torino, Mem., No. 2, vol. 4, p. 503. 42 BULLETIN 310 Text-figure 3.— Characteristics of the anterior siphonal notch and siphonal fasciole in the genus Echinophoria. a. keel or raised thread; b. siphonal fasciole; c. columellar callus; d. rounded groove; e. anterior siphonal notch. fasciole from the posterior bordering groove is the most constant character distinguishing the genus. Descriptions of the siphonal canal in Echinophoria-like cassids lack clarity and have failed to emphasize this feature. Durham (1942, p. 185) cites as an essential character “the ridge in front of the columellar fasciole”, while Moore (1963, p. 30) emphasizes the nature of the groove adjacent to the siphonal canal. The term “fasciole” is generally interpreted as a tract of shell formed by successive margins of a notched canal, and in Echinophoria it is bluntly angular and bordered posteriorly by a thin keel or raised thread separating the fasciole from the adjacent rounded groove, which in turn represents successive margins of the anterior portion of the outer lip (Text-fig. 3). Echinophoria is closely related to Mawicassis and Liracassis and is best distinguished by its less robust sculpture. Eocene to Miocene species are progressively more robust and coarsely sculptured in the Pacific northwest. Echinophoria is also closely related to Semicassis March, 1852. Semicassis differs in having a longitudinally grooved fasciole and a deeper and narrower groove bordering the fasciole. PALEOGENE GAstTRoPOpDS FRom OrEGOoN: HICKMAN 43 Phaliwm Link, 1807, is distinguished by a broader siphonal canal and a plicate or rugose parietal callus that is thickened and free of the shell anteriorly. Also unlike Echinophoria, most species of Pha- lium have relatively smooth body whorls and numerous prominent denticles on the outer lip. Galeodea is markedly different from all the above genera, having a long unnotched siphonal canal. Extremely long canals have been used to characterize the fossil subgenus Gomphopages (Gardner, 1939). Long canals are seldom preserved intact, however, and con- vergent evolution of sculpture patterns in Galeodea and Echinophoria creates difficulties, particularly for dealing with cassid lineages in the California Tertiary. Echinophoria dalli (Dickerson, 1917) Pl. 5, figs. 1-7 Galeodea dalli Dickerson, 1917, California Acad. Sci. Proc., Ser. 4, vol. 7, No. 6, p. 176, pl. 30, fig. 8a; Tegland, 1931, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., p. 410; Effinger, 1938, J. Paleontol., vol. 12, p. 382; Weaver, 1943, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 5, pt. 2, p. 404, pl. 78, figs. 8, 9. not Trachydolium dalli Howe, 1926, Panam. Geol., vol. 45, p. 303, 305. Galeodea fax Tegland, 1931 (in part), Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., pl. 60, fig. 11; Schenck, 1936, Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. No. 4, p. 44, 62 (in part), 63. ?Galeodea fax Tegland, 1931, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 19, pp. 410-412, pl. 60, figs. 5-10; Weaver, 1943, Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 5, pt. 2, p. 406, pl. 79, figs. 9-11. Echinophoria dalli (Dickerson) Durham, 1942, J. Paleontol., vol. 16, No. 2, p. 185, 189, pl. 29, fig. 4, pl. 30, fig. 5. Echinophoria dalli (Dickerson) ? variety Durham, 1942, J. Paleontol., vol. 16, Nos 2; ps 1855 190) pl: 295 figs: 6-8, 11. Echinophoria “dalli, var.’ Durham, Vokes, 1945 (checklist), i2 Warren and others, U.S. Geol. Surv. Oil and Gas Invest. Prelim. Map 42. Phalium (Echinophoria) dalli (Dickerson) Abbott, 1968, Indo-Pac. Moll., vol. ZNO: Ips 110! Discussion. — Echinophoria dali is characterized by the de- velopment of three prominent spiral rows of tubercles, with spiral threads of varying number, width, and prominence on the shoulder and between node rows. The spirals at the base of the body whorl are broader and suggestive of the strap-like spirals covering the en- tire shell in the younger species of Liracassis. The sutural collar is corded and the suture appears crenulate on worn specimens. The outer lip is slightly thickened and reflected and is seldom preserved. The parietal callus is unusually poorly developed for the genus, con- sisting of a thin broad wash through which ornamentation remains visible. The siphonal canal is typical of the genus: short, recurved, 44 BuLLeETIN 310 notched, and with a faint keel separating the fasciole from the bordering groove. Material studied. — 58 specimens. Stratigraphic distribution.— Echinophoria dalli occurs in all parts of the Keasey Formation, although it is never abundant. War- ren and Norbisrath (1946) characterized the upper member of the Keasey partly on the basis of the absence of this species, but I have subsequently collected specimens very close to the top of the mem- ber. It also occurs south of Clatskanie, Oregon (PI. 5, figs. 6, 7) in strata equivalent to the Gries Ranch Beds in southeastern Washing- ton. £. dalli apparently does not occur in the overlying Pittsburg Bluff Formation (Moore, 1976). An incomplete specimen of Eostphonalia oregonensis (Dall, 1909) might be mistaken for an Echinophoria, perhaps accounting for Dickerson’s reference (1917, p- 176) to a specimen from the “Oligocene of Pittsburg, Oregon.” Figured hypotypes. —USNM 251364, 251365, 251366. Localities. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15307, 15308, 15309, 25026, 25028. Middle member: USGS 15267, 15268, 15280, 15281, 15282, 15525, 25030, 25031, 25033, 25034, 25038, M3862. Upper member: USGS 15269, 15601, 25032. Clatskanie beds: USGS 15298. . Comparison. — “Galeodea” dalli was the first Echinophoria described from the Pacific northwest, and the species was based on a poorly-preserved, incomplete specimen from the Gries Ranch Beds. In her treatment of Pacific Coast “Galeodeas”, Tegland (1931) de- clined to evaluate Dickerson’s species and proposed Galeodea fax to include both younger (“Lincoln”) and older (“Keasey”) forms, figuring a Keasey specimen as a paratype. Durham (1942) re- examined £. dalli and differentiated it from FE. fax primarily on the basis of the heavy midspiral on the shoulder of specimens from both the Gries Ranch and Keasey. Other minor differences led him to suggest later (1944) that the Keasey form should be segregated as a third species. Now that more individuals have been collected from the Keasey Formation, it is evident that the heavy midspiral is often lacking and that characters such as number, strength, and spacing of spiral ribs differ among specimens, not species. Juvenile specimens of Echinophoria dalli from the Keasey Formation bear numerous fine spiral threads and show close super- PALEOGENE GAstTrRopops From Orecon: HICKMAN 45 ficial similarity to the Eocene E. trituberculata (Weaver). However, they lack the thickened outer lip and heavy parietal callus charac- teristic of the Cowlitz species (PI. 5, figs. 8, 9). Echinophoria dal and the younger Pacific Coast Oligocene species deviate from the European species of Echinophoria in the thin nature of the parietal callus and resulting lack of umbilicus. In this respect they are most like the living Japanese species EF. carinosa Kuroda and Habe, 1961, and FE. kurodae (Abbott, 1968). Superfamily CYMATIACEA Family CYMATIIDAE Discussion. — Cymatiids occurring in Neogene and younger formations on the West Coast all belong to the lineage of cool-water forms (living either in boreal or deep water) that is represented today primarily by the genera Argobuccinum and Fusitriton. Smith (1970) presents an excellent review of the taxonomy, distribution and phylogeny of these genera. However, their derivation from pre- sumably warm-water Eocene cymatiids remains to be studied. The latest Eocene species occurring in the Keasey Formation are difficult to classify generically based on living species because of incomplete diversification and greater overlap of the characters that have been used in classification of the younger forms. Genus ARGOBUCCINUM Hermannsen, 1846” Type species (by monotypy).— Murex argus Gmelin (1791, Syst. Nat., 13th ed., vol. 1, pt. 6, p. 3547). Holocene, southwest Africa to Natal. Argobuccinum jeffersonense (Durham, 1944) Pl. 6, figs. 1-3 Gyrineum jeffersonensis Durham, 1944, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 27, No. 5, p. 167, pl. 15, fig. 16; Vokes, 1945 (Checklist), in War- ren and others, U.S. Geol. Surv. Oil and Gas. Invest. Prelim. Map 42; Warren and Norbisrath, 1946, Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol. Bull., vol. 30, pt. 1, No. 2, p. 227; Moore and Vokes, 1953, U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 233-E, p. 115, 118, 119. Argobuccinum jeffersonense (Durham) Smith, 1970, Bull. Am. Paleontol., vol. 56, No. 254, pp. 474-475, pl. 40, figs. 3-5, 8, 9. Discussion. — Robust Keasey cymatiids of rounded whorl out- “Hermannsen, 1846, Indic. gen. malac. prim., vol. 1, p. 77. 46 BuL.etin 310 line and two prominent lateral varices per whorl are comparable to specimens described by Durham (1944) as Gyrineum jeffersonensis. Durham’s species was described from the lower member of the Quimper Sandstone in northern Washington and is recognized by Smith (1970, p. 474) as the oldest representative of the genus Argo- buccinum as well as its only occurrence in the Northern Hemisphere. Features distinguishing the species as an Argobuccinum include the rounded whorl outline; thin transverse plications on the parietal callus; denticulate outer lip; short, straight anterior canal; and ovate aperture. Material studied. — Seven specimens. Stratigraphic distribution.— Warren and Norbisrath (1946) and Moore and Vokes (1953) considered this species to be restricted to the upper member of the Keasey Formation; however, it has been collected from the upper portion of the middle member as well (PI. 6, figs. 1, 2). In the northern Olympic Peninsula, Washington, the species occurs in upper Keasey equivalent beds of the lower member of the Quimper Sandstone. Figured hypotypes. —USNM 251367, 251368. Localities. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15268. Upper member: USGS 15315, 15518, 25032. Comparison. — The Keasey specimens of Argobuccinum jef- fersonense differ from other species of Argobuccinwm in the absence of a well-defined excurrent siphonal notch. In this respect they more closely resemble the living species of Priene H. and A. Adams, 1858. It is possible that the Oligocene species represents the more gen- eralized stock that later gave rise to Argobuccinum s. s. and Priene. The superficially similar early Oligocene species described by Durham (1944) as Gyrineum kincaidi appears to be a Medtargo (Smith, 1970) and is distinguished from Argobuccinum jeffersonense by its tabulate whorls and apical notch set at an angle to the axis of coiling. “Fusitriton” terrysmithae n. sp. is distinguished by its longer recurved anterior canal, non-continuous varices, and excurrent siphonal notch set at an angle to the axis of coiling. Genus FUSITRITON Cossman, 1903” Type species (by monotypy).— Triton cancellatus Lamarck (1816, Encycl. Méth., p. 4 (pl. expl.), pl. 415, fig. 1). South America. PALEOGENE GAsTROPODS From OrEGoN: HICKMAN 47 “Fusitriton” terrysmithae n. sp. Pl. 6, figs. 4-6 Description. — Shell of medium size for genus, with five moderately inflated whorls lacking tabulation; suture impressed and sinuous; aperture ovate; anterior canal moderately long and recurved; excurrent siphonal notch prominent and obliquely oriented relative to axis of coiling; inner lip lacking plications, outer lip with seven rounded denticles; varices irregularly spaced and prominent; spiral sculpture of flat-topped straps (10 on body whorl and three on preceding whorls) with interspaces of equal width containing three fine threads; axial sculpture of 13 to 14 coarse ribs that form prominent rounded nodes where they intersect major spiral straps. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 36.5 mm; maximum diameter 20 mm. Discussion. — “Fusitriton” terrysmithae does not fit readily into any of the established cymatiid genera. The shape and orientation of the excurrent siphonal notch and the length and configuration of the anterior canal suggest Fusitriton, but the denticulate outer lip and the prominence of the varices are atypical of this genus. Fusitri- ton is used here in quotation marks to suggest generic affinity. It is probable that the species represents a new genus, although suf- ficient material is not available for adequate characterization of a new genus. Etymology. — The species is named in honor of Judith Terry Smith in recognition of her contribution to our knowledge of West Coast cymatiids. Material examined. —'Two specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. — The species is known only from the upper part of the middle member of the Keasey Formation. Holotype. —USNM 251369. Type locality.— Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15268. Other locality. — Unnumbered DOGAMI locality in middle member (= USGS 25031). Comparison. —“Fusitriton” cowlitzensis (Weaver, 1912) is a related late Eocene species that also exhibits a number of Fusitriton- like characters. It is a more intricately ornamented species with a *Cossmann, 1903, Essais Paléoconch. Comp., vol. 5, p. 109. 48 BuLteTIN 310 more rounded aperture and a narrower and longer anterior canal. It also exhibits lirations on the inner lip at the flexure of the columella, a character that relates it to the type of Ranella Lamarck. Ranella washingtomana Weaver, 1912, another late Eocene cymatiid from the Cowlitz Formation shows even greater similarity to the type of Ranella in its long canal and relatively large size. Family BURSIDAE Genus OLEQUAHIA Stewart, 1926* Type species (by original designation). — Cassidaria washing- toniana Weaver (1912, Washington Geol. Surv., Bull. 15, p. 38). Eocene, Washington. Olequahia schencki Durham, 1944 Pl.3; figs. 13, 15; 16;>P16, fee Olequahia schencki Durham, 1944, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 168-169, pl. 15, fig. 15; Vokes, 1945 (Checklist) in Warren and others, U.S. Geol. Sury. Oil and Gas. Invest. Prelim. Map 42; Hickman, 1969, Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Oregon. Bull. 16, pp. 89-90, pl. 12, figs. 1-4. Discussion. — Olequahia schencki is one of a few gastropod species previously described from the Keasey Formation. Although it is nowhere abundant, it occurs at numerous localities and is con- spicuous in its large adult shell size. The prominently biangulate body whorl is ornamented by two rows of flattened obtuse spines that increase in number per whorl during ontogeny to a maximum of 21. The number of spirals on the shoulder slope varies from four to six, whereas the number of spirals between the spine rows is char- acteristically three. The endemic eastern Pacific Paleogene genus Olequahia has no close relatives, either living or fossil. The well-developed posterior siphonal canal suggests that the genus belongs in the Bursidae, al- though it has been noted (Hickman, 1969, p. 89) that the absence of varices on O. schencki is atypical. A terminal thickening of the outer lip is occasionally observed, however, and the closely related O. washingtoniana, the type of the genus, has a well-developed terminal varix in addition to occasional varices on early whorls. Material examined. — Keasey Formation: 41 specimens. Eugene Formation: 18 specimens. *Stewart, 1926, Philadelphia, Acad. Nat. Sci., Proc., vol. 78, p. 382. PALEOGENE GAstTRopops From Orecon: HICKMAN 49 Stratigraphic distribution. — Olequahia schencki occurs in all three members of the Keasey Formation, although it is most com- mon in the middle member. It also occurs in coeval and younger, shallower molluscan facies of the Eugene Formation in Oregon. Figured hypotypes. —USNM 251370, 251371, 251372, 251373. Localities. — Type locality, Keasey Formation: SU H36. Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15584. Middle member: USGS 152675, 1926855152715. 192/99, 15280, 1 5281,.)15282,. 15508.. 155252 15602, 25031, 25033, 25034, 25038, CAS 161. Upper member: USGS M3865. Comparison.— The Eocene O. washingtoniana has a more highly ornamented shell than O. schenckt, with intercalated secon- dary and tertiary spiral threads on the shoulder slope, between the two main node rows and on the base. The shoulder slope is less steeply inclined, and the two node rows are relatively farther apart. The spire is also relatively higher. The younger Oligocene species O. lincolnensis, on the other hand, is more robustly ornamented, with fewer spiral elements, has a relatively lower spire, and a ten- dency to develop a third prominent nodose spiral anteriorly on the body whorl. However, I have observed the formation of a third no- dose angulation in all three species. Family FICIDAE Genus FICUS Roding, 1798” Type species (by tautonymy).— Murex ficus Linnaeus. Holo- cene, western Pacific. Ficus n. sp. ? Pl. 4, figs. 14-16 Discussion. — A large, thin-shelled Ficus from the lower part of the middle member of the Keasey Formation differs from other Eastern Pacific species of Ficus s. s. in lacking tertiary spiral sculp- ture, in the presence of an unsculptured subsutural band, and in the highly irregular spacing of the axial sculpture. These features are not considered sufficiently important to warrant a new name at this time. The spiral sculpture consists of regularly alternating primary “Roding, 1798, Mus. Boltenianum, pt. 2, p. 148. 50 BuLveTin 310 and secondary elements. Fine nodes are produced at intersections of primary spirals and the heavier of the axial elements. Although the anterior canal is broken, the spire is well preserved: the protoconch is low, composed of three smooth whorls, and has a sharply demar- cated initiation of sculpture on the teleoconch. Although living species of Ficus are tropical, warm-adapted, and predominantly shallow-water forms, the Keasey species suggests broader Paleogene bathymetric and temperature ranges. Figured specimen. — USNM 251375. Locality. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15282. Comparison. — Ficus modesta (Conrad, 1848), a highly vari- able Oligocene-Miocene species, differs in having tertiary spiral sculpture and in having more regular axial sculpture. The Oligocene F. gesteri Wagner and Schilling, 1923, tends to develop nodes at the shoulder on later whorls and may be a predecessor of the nodose Miocene genus Trophosycon Cooper, 1894. The Eocene species F. mammillatus Gabb, 1864, is smaller, higher spired, and has heavier and more evenly spaced axial sculpture. Order NEOGASTROPODA Superfamily MURICACEA Family COLUMBARIIDAE Genus FULGUROFUSUS Grabau, 1904* Type species (by original designation). — Fusus quercolls Har- ris (1896, Bull. Am. Paleontol., vol. 1, No. 4, p. 86). Paleocene, Gulf Coast, United States. Discussion. — The family Columbariidae includes deep-water elongate fusiform shells with prominently keeled spires and long and delicate siphonal canals. The origins of the family are obscure, but it combines the form and protoconch of the Fusinidae with the aper- ture and radular characteristics of the Muricidae. Darragh (1969) revised the family to include five genera and about 50 species, which occur primarily in the Tertiary of Australia and New Zealand, with living species concentrated in the Indo-Pacific region. Fulgurofusus Grabau is distinguished from other columbariid “Grabau, 1904, Smithson. Misc. Collect., vol. 44, No. 1417, p. 86. PALEOGENE GasTRoPoDs From OreEcon: HICKMAN 51 genera primarily by its serrate or flanged keel and lirate rather than spinose or nodular sculpture. The protoconch is globose, of about one-and-one-half whorls, and is not differentiated clearly from the spire whorls. Darragh (1969) placed five living deep-water species in Fulgurofusus because they have no close affinity with any living or fossil columbariids except for the Paleocene F. quercollis (Harris, 1896), and the Eocene F. washingtonianus (Weaver, 1912). The new species from the Keasey Formation helps link the older fossil species with the living forms, although the missing Neogene record of the genus remains as a large gap. Fulgurofusus serratus n. sp. Pl. 6, figs. 9, 10 Description. — Shell elongate, fusiform, with a pagodaform spire and long, slender, straight siphonal canal; peripheral keel flat- tened and produced into 11 to 12 triangular serrations that are ornamented by three sinuous spiral threads on their posterior surface and either two or three spiral threads on their anterior surface; posterior slope gently concave, ornamented by three primary spiral threads, intercalated secondary threads appearing on later whorls; anterior slope flat, ornamented by primary spiral threads of de- creasing or alternating strength, becoming oblique on the anterior canal; axial sculpture of faint growth striae only; suture slightly undulating and coincident with the first primary spiral anterior to the peripheral keel; aperture subtriangular, with thin glaze of callus on inner lip; spiral angle 45-50°; peripheral angle less than 90°; protoconch missing on all specimens examined. Etymology. — L. (adj.) serratus = jagged or notched, referring to the pronounced serration of the peripheral keel. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 30 mm; maximum diameter 15 mm. Material examined. — Eight specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. — This species is rare in the Keasey Formation and seems to be restricted to the middle member. Holotype. —USNM 251377. Figured paratype. —USNM 251378. Unfigured paratype. —USNM 251379. Type locality. — Middle member, Keasey Formation. — USGS 25031. Other localities. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 52 BuLLETIN 310 Text-figure 4.— Comparison of whorl] profiles and shoulder slope ornamen- tation patterns of two species of Fulgurofusus Grabau. a. Fulgurofusus serratus n. sp.; b. F. washingtonianus. 15267, 15318, 15602, 25030. Comparison. — Fulgurofusus washingtomanus (Pl. 6, fig. 7) from the late Eocene Cowlitz Formation in southwestern Washing- ton is similar to the new species. F. washingtonianus is distinguished by a proportionately broader and steeper posterior slope, which re- sults in a higher spire and more acute spiral angle (about 40°). In F. washingtomianus the anterior and posterior slopes meet to form a peripheral angle of more than 90° (usually 100°) whereas the peripheral angle on the new species is always less than 90°. Although the details of ornamentation vary within both species, the broader posterior slope of F. washingtonianus always has at least six major spiral threads (in contrast to a maximum of three in the new species), and intercalated spirals become successively heavier on the later whorls until the slope may contain as many as 11 spirals of PALEOGENE GAsTROPODS From OrEGoN: HICKMAN 53 major prominence. Text-figure 4 illustrates the differences in propor- tion and ornamentation between the two species. Fulgurofusus ? n. sp. ? PING tics. eee Discussion. — An incomplete specimen of a fusiform gastropod from the lower member of the Keasey Formation may represent a second species of Fulgurofusus. It is distinctly different from other gastropods in the formation, but preservation is not good enough for positive generic allocation. The specimen is partially imbedded in matrix, so that characters of the aperture are not visible. The top of the spire is broken, and large portions of the outer shell are missing. However, the serrate double-keeled whorls, the fusiform shape, the lirate spiral sculpture and lack of axial sculpture, and the position of the suture — immediately anterior to the periphery and coinciding with the first major spiral cord — all suggest Fulgurofusus. Comparison. — Fulgurofusus t n. sp. ? is distinguished from F. serratus n. sp. in the middle member of the Keasey Formation by the double keel and proportionately higher spire. The biangulate speci- men is most similar to F. merriamt (Dickerson, 1916), a Capay Eocene species that also tends to form a double keel. Figured specomen. — USNM 251380. Locality. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15263. Family MURICIDAE Subfamily TROPHONINAE Genus TROPHONOPSIS Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfuss, 1882” Type species (by original designation).— Murex muricatus Montagu (1803, Testacea britannica, vol. 1, p. 262). Holocene, Medi- terranean, northeastern Atlantic; Pliocene, England. Discussion.— The species described below is an early repre- sentative of a diverse modern complex of small-shelled high-latitude trophons that are usually treated under Boreotrophon Fischer, 1884, or Trophonopsis. The former includes species with prominent axial lamellae, while the latter includes species in which sculpture is pre- dominantly spiral or cancellate. The prominent peripheral demarca- tion and development of peripheral spines on the new Paleogene “Bucquoy, Dautzenberg and Dollfuss, 1882, Moll. Mar. Roussillon, vol. 1, p. 40. 54 BuLLeTIN 310 species set it apart from the Holocene species but do not require a new generic category. Trophonopsis platacantha n. sp. Pl. 7, figs. 1-6 Description. — Small, sturdy, fusiform shells; spire short and turreted; body whorl strongly angulate; shoulder slope broad, gently concave, and smooth except for flattened axial lamellae that are drawn out at the periphery into about 15 horizontally compressed triangular spines of double thickness (but not hollow); axial lamellae continue beyond periphery, forming two fainter rows of spines and a coarse cancellate pattern as they intersect two equally prominent spiral cords; anterior canal open, long, narrow, and curved to the right, ornamented by two oblique, faintly spinose spiral cords; suture appressed, sinuous; apex abraded on all available specimens. Etymology. — Gr. plat = flat + Gr. acantha = spine. Dimensions of holotype. — Height (incomplete) 21.2 mm; maxi- mum diameter 14.9 mm. Material examined. — 14 specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. — Trophonopsis platacantha has been collected from all three members of the Keasey Formation, but it is never abundant. This is the earliest record of the genus and the first appearance of the small-shelled cold-water type of trophon in the northeastern Pacific. Holotype. — USNM 251382. Figured paratypes. —USNM 251383, 251384. Unfigured paratypes.—USNM 251385 (Height 10.8 mm), 251386 (Height 5.8 mm). Type locality.— Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15268. Other localities. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 25028. Middle member: USGS 15267, 15282, 25030, 25033, 25034. Upper member: USGS 15601, 25032, M3863. Comparison. — Although Trophonopsis platacantha does not seem to have a modern analogue in the northeastern Pacific, it is similar to several small spinose-shelled species from the Japanese deep-water fauna. The most striking counterpart is T. echinus (Dall, 1918). T. echinus is part of the restricted bathyal fauna between 33° and 35° N Lat., and is one of a complex of Japanese species that has counterparts in the Keasey fauna (Hickman, 1972). PALEOGENE GAsSTROPODS FRom OreEcoN: HICKMAN 55 Spinose trophons are apparently unknown from the Paleogene, although small cancellate forms occur in the Eocene of France and the Gulf Coast of the United States. Superfamily BUCCINACEA Family BUCCINIDAE Buccinid ? indet. IDL 7, oie, 7 Discussion. — The inflated body whorl and spire of this sturdy shell suggest buccinid affinities, perhaps a new genus. Although the six (?) distinctive, sharply-keeled axial ribs on the body whorl, each attached posteriorly to the preceding whorl, are perhaps more reminiscent of the lamellar axials of the Muricidae (in particular the boreal trophons) they are not lamellar and do not appear to have been produced during a lag phase in growth. The aperture and an- terior canal are broken and the spire badly worn, but fine spiral ribs are preserved on the body whorl. The species should be easily recognized if it is collected again. Material examined. — One specimen, collected and donated by Su Bee of Portland, Oregon. Stratigraphic occurrence. — Upper portion of middle member, Keasey Formation. Figured specimen. — USNM 251387. Locality. — USGS 25919. Comparison. — This distinctive species cannot be confused with any neogastropod that has been described from the Cenozoic of the northeastern Pacific. The blade-like axial ribs and fine spiral orna- mentation combine to produce a unique pattern. Family NEPTUNEIDAE Genus COLUS Roding, 1798” Type species (by subsequent designation of Dall [1906, J. Conchol., vol. 11, No. 10, p. 294]).— Murex tslandicus Gmelin (1791, Syst. Nat., 13th ed., vol. 1, pt. 6, p. 3555). Holocene, Iceland to Ireland. “Roding, 1798, Mus. Boltenianum, vol. 2, p. 117. 56 BuLtetTin 310 Discussion. — As a family, the Neptuneidae has undergone a re- markable post-Miocene adaptive radiation to become one of the most diverse gastropod families in cold water at high latitudes. The ori- gins of this modern complex are obscure, however, and earlier neptuneids, such as the extinct endemic eastern Pacific genus Bru- clarkia are distantly related offshoots. Occasional specimens indicate that modern morphological types of neptuneids began to appear fol- lowing the onset of late Eocene — early Oligocene climatic cooling in the northeastern Pacific. Ancistrolepis Dall, 1895, appears near the Eocene — Oligocene boundary, and a specimen here assigned to the genus Colus has been collected from the Keasey Formation, and represents the earliest occurrence of a modern type of neptuneid. The strong spiral keels ornamenting the shell are similar to those in certain living species of Colus, Anctstrolepis, Beringius Dall, 1886, and Mohma Friele, 1878. Although preservation is sufficiently poor to make assignment to Colus tentative, the relatively small shell size and short, narrow anterior canal are more suggestive of Colus than of other neptuneid genera. Colus ? precursor n. sp. Pl; 7; fig: 2 Description. — Shell robust but small, of five whorls including protoconch, which is worn and broken at the tip but apparently large and bulbous; ornamentation of five heavy spiral keels on penultimate whorl and 13 on body whorl, with deeply channeled interspaces approximately twice the width of the spirals; numerous fine growth lines visible in interspaces but not on spirals; anterior canal relatively short, slightly recurved, narrow anteriorly and broken at end; inner lip with moderate callus through which spirals are faintly visible; outer lip broken. Etymology. — Engl. (N.) precursor = one that precedes, a fore- runner (from L. (N.) praecursor). Dimensions of holotype. — Height 25 mm; maximum diameter 12 mm. Holotype. —USNM 251388. Type locality. — Near top of middle member, Keasey Forma- tion: USGS 15268. Genus BRUCLARKIA Trask in Stewart, 1926” PALEOGENE GasTrRopops From Orecon: HICKMAN 57 Type species (by original designation). — Clavella gravida Gabb (1866, California Geol. Surv., Paleontol. California, vol. 2, sect. 1, p. 4). Lower Miocene, California. Bruclarkia vokesi Hickman, 1969 Pl. 7, figs. 8-12 Bruclarkia n. sp. Vokes, 1945 (checklist) 22 Warren and others, U.S. Geol. Surv. Oil and Gas Invest. Prelim. Map 42. Bruclarkia vokesi Hickman, 1969, Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Oregon, Bull. 16, p. 91, 94, pl. 13, figs. 6-11. Discusston. — Specimens of Bruclarkia from the lower and mid- dle members of the Keasey Formation are recognized as B. vokesi by their relatively high-spired form, markedly concave shoulder slope, and three prominent noded spiral cords on the body whorl, each with approximately 15 spinose nodes. More abundant repre- sentation of this species in the partially coeval Eugene Formation (Hickman, 1969) suggests that it was better adapted to neritic en- vironments, with smaller populations developing at bathyal depths. Material examined. — Keasey Formation: 19 specimens. Eugene Formation: 628 specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. — Bruclarkia vokesi represents the lowest stratigraphic occurrence of the endemic Pacific Coast late Eocene - Miocene genus Bruclarkia. It appears approximately 50 m below the top of the lower member of the Keasey Formation and ranges throughout the middle member, over a total interval of ap- proximately 550 m. Figured hypotypes. —USNM 251389, 251390, 251391, 251392. Localities. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15265, 15307, 15309. Middle member: USGS 15277, 15280, 15281, 15282, 15508, 25030, 25039, 25918. Comparison. — Bruclarkia columbiana (Anderson and Martin, 1914) of the overlying Pittsburg Bluff Formation is distinguished by its stouter body whorl, flatter shoulder slope, and submerged spire on which the sutural collar completely covers the posterior node row. B. fulleri Durham, 1944, a poorly known species from the par- tially coeval Quimper Sandstone in Washington, has a similarly emergent spire but differs in having fewer nodes on the body whorl and an obsolete anterior node row. *Stewart, 1926, Philadelphia, Acad. Nat. Sci., Proc., vol. 78, p. 397, 399. 58 BuLteTiIn 310 Specimens of a Bruclarkia from upper Keasey equivalent “Clat- skanie Beds” in northwestern Oregon (PI. 7, fig. 13) may represent a fourth provincial early Oligocene species. The spire is submerged as in B. columbiana, although the concave shoulder slope and faintly developed anterior node row are more suggestive of B. vokesi and B. fuller. A specimen from the Lincoln Creek Formation in Wash- ington, figured by Weaver (1943, pl. 87, fig. 8) as B. columbiana, also represents the undescribed species. ?Family NASSARIIDAE Incertae sedis Pl. 7, figo 2 Discussion. — Two incomplete specimens of a low-spired gastro- pod with a thickened, reflected, and faintly denticulate outer lip, heavy parietal callus, and strong sculpture of spiral bands cannot be classified further without knowledge of the columellar lip and an- terior canal. Both the thick parietal shield and the thickened outer lip are more typical of the Nassariidae than of other buccinacean families. The only similar West Coast Tertiary form is a species described as Bullia (Buccinanops) clarki by Wagner and Schilling (1923) from the California Oligocene, a nassariid of uncertain generic affinity. The California species differs in having a shorter, flat-sided spire, less robust spiral ornamentation, and a thinner outer lip. Figured specimen. — USNM 251394. Localities. — Upper part of lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15308, 15309. Family FASCIOLARIIDAE Subfamily FASCIOLARIINAE Genus PERSE Clark, 1918 Type species (by original designation).— Perse corrugatum Clark (1918, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dept. Geol. Sci., vol. 11, No. 1, p. 180). San Ramon Sandstone, Oligocene or Miocene, Cali- fornia. Perse sp. aff. P. pittsburgensis Durham, 1944 Pl. 7, fig 26 Discussion. — One specimen from the upper member of the “Clark, 1918, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 11, No. 1, p. 179. PALEOGENE GaAstTRopops From Orecon: HICKMAN 59 Keasey Formation is referred to Perse, an endemic west American genus that is abundantly represented in the overlying Pittsburg Bluff Formation. The specimen differs from typical P. pittsburgensis and its variants (Moore, 1976) in having a relatively higher spire, more concave shoulder slope, and coarser spiral sculpture, although the Pittsburg Bluff species is highly variable and approaches the Keasey specimen in some of its morphological variations. Stratigraphic position.— The specimen was collected approxi- mately 25 m below the contact between the Keasey and Pittsburg Bluff Formations. Figured specimen. —USNM 251395. Locality. — USGS 25032. Subfamily FUSININAE Genus FUSINUS Rafinesque, 1815" (=FUSUS auctt.) Type species (by monotypy).— Murex colus Linnaeus. Holo- cene, Indo-Pacific. Fusinus dilleri n. sp. PINSi figs) 1254 Description. — Shell of medium size for genus, sturdy, fusiform, with five whorls; protoconch missing; whorls with straight or gently concave shoulders and rounded peripheries; suture appressed and sinuous, with collar ornamented by fine spiral threads; body whorl ornamented by 14 axial ribs that are most prominent on the central portion of each whorl, not extending on to the long, slender anterior canal; primary spiral cords finely beaded, with intercalated secon- dary and tertiary threads in the interspaces forming nodes at their intersection with axial ribs. Etymology. — The new species is named in honor of J. S. Diller, who collected the first and best-preserved specimens known of the species in the course of early geological reconnaissance in the Pacific Northwest. Dimensions of holotype. — Height (incomplete) 46 mm; maxi- mum diameter 21 mm. Material examined. — 19 specimens. “Rafinesque, 1815, Anal. Nat., p. 145. 60 BuL_etTIN 310 Stratigraphic distribution. — The known range of Fusinus dilleri is restricted to the lower member of the Keasey Formation in Ore- gon. It also occurs in coeval beds on the Willapa River near Hol- comb, Washington, where it is associated with such other restricted lower Keasey species as Bathybembix columbiana Dall and Conus weltont n. sp. Holotype. — USNM 251396. Paratypes. —USNM 251397; UCMP 14540. Type locality.— Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 27.07 Other locahties.— Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15309, 15263, SU NP 3. Beds at Holcomb, Washington: UCMP A1810. Comparison. — Fustnus dilleri does not seem to be closely re- lated to any of the Tertiary fusinids of the Pacific Coast. It is larger and more robust than such small-shelled, slender, older Paleogene species as F.. ucalis Vokes, 1939 (“Domengine Stage”) or F. meganos- ensis Clark and Woodford, 1927 (“Meganos Stage”). It is equally distinct from the Oligocene - Miocene members of the genus Prisco- fusus Conrad, 1865. Priscofusus includes a group of fusiform species characterized by a recurved siphonal canal, alternating weak and strong flat-topped spiral ornamentation, and broad axial wrinkles, nodes, or swellings. Fusinus ? sp. Pl. 8, fig. 3 Discussion. — An incomplete specimen of a fusiform neogastro- pod from the middle member of the Keasey Formation is similar in form and ornamentation to Paleogene species allocated to Fusinus, although the anterior canal is short for a fusinid. It differs from F. dillert n. sp. of the lower member in its smaller size, relatively shorter anterior canal, and more inflated whorls, with only 12 axials on the body whorl. Stratigraphic position. — The specimen was collected from ap- proximately 125 m below the base of the upper member, in the middle member of the Keasey Formation. Figured specimen. —USNM 251398. Locality. — USGS 15280. PALEOGENE GAstTRopops From Orecon: HICKMAN 61 Genus EXILIA Conrad, 1860” Type species (by monotypy).—Fxilia pergracilis Conrad (1860, Philadelphia, Acad. Nat. Sci., J., ser. 2, No. 4, p. 291). Eocene (Midway), Alabama. Discussion. — The unusually narrow, fusiform outline of the extinct Paleogene genus Extlia is unique among the Gastropoda, making it difficult to classify. Although it is most closely allied in shell characters to the Fusininae (Bentson, 1940) it has been er- roneously considered a turrid by many authors, and has been con- fused with the endemic Eastern Pacific genus Exilioidea Grant and Gale, 1931. The similarity in basic form of the Paleogene species of Exilia and the Pleistocene and living Exilioidea kelseyt (Dall, 1908) is particularly striking, although the conspicuous periostracum and large protoconch of the cool-water Exilioidea species mark them as neptuneid rather than fasciolariid. Exilia bentsonae n. sp. PI8> figs. 5-11 Description. — Shell elongate-fusiform, with narrow aperture and long, straight, slender anterior canal that is broken on all avail- able specimens; protoconch of three smooth whorls; discontinuous ornamentation of 10 to 14 axial swellings extending from suture to suture on early whorls, becoming nodose at or slightly above mid- whorl during subsequent growth, giving later whorls a more angular profile; continuous ornamention of six to 10 spirals ranging from cords with interspaces of equal width to broad bands separated by incised grooves; body whorl with slight basal constriction; outer lip not preserved; columella lacking striations reported in some species. Etymology. — The new species is named for Herdis Bentson, in recognition of her taxonomic studies of the genus Extlia. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 13.8 mm; maximum diameter 4.1mm. Material examined. — 99 specimens. Variation. — This is one of the most variable species in the Keasey Formation. Axial and spiral elements of ornamentation vary not only in number but also in their strength of expression, pro- ducing many variations in overall appearance. Heavily nodose forms “Conrad, 1860. Philadelphia, Acad. Nat. Sci., J., ser. 2, No. 4, p. 291. 62 BuLteTINn 310 are strikingly different from forms that have only low arcuate axials even on later whorls. The presence of intermediate specimens in the large populations available from the Keasey Formation permits the recognition of one variable species. Extremes may occur at a single locality, and there is no apparent stratigraphic significance to the variation. Stratigraphic distribution. — Exilia bentsonae has been collected from the lower and middle members of the Keasey Formation and is most frequent and abundant in the middle member. Holotype. — USNM 251399. Figured paratypes. — USNM 251400, 251401, 251402, 251403, 251404, 251405. Unfigured paratypes. —USNM 251406 a-m. Type locality.— Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15280. Other localities. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15265, 15308, 15309, 15584, 25028, SU NP 3. Middle member: USGS, 15267,. 15268, 15279; 15281, 15282, 15517, 15602, 25029, 503mm 25031, 25034, 25038. Comparison. — Exilia bentsonae is unique among West Coast species of Hwilia in its tendency to form well-defined nodes on later whorls in place of the more normal arcuate axials. EF. lincolnensts of the Lincoln Creek Formation is a closely-related species; however it forms less localized nodular swellings and has a greater number of both spiral and axial elements of ornamentation. F. lincolnensts is also a more variable species than has been appreciated heretofore; it includes both nodose forms and forms that retain axial ribbing on later whorls, such as the specimen illustrated by Bentson (1940, pl. 3, fig. 9) as Exilia n. sp. C. Reports of E. lincolnensis in the Kea- sey Formation (Bentson, 1940, p. 217; Vokes im Warren and others, 1945, [checklist] ) are undoubtedly the new species. Superfamily VOLUTACEA Family VOLUTOMITRIDAE Genus CONOMITRA Conrad, 1865" Type species (by subsequent designation of Fischer [1884, Man. Conchyl. Paris, p. 613]).— Mitra fusoides Lea (1833, Contrib. “Conrad, 1865, Am. J. Conchol., vol. 1, p. 172. PALEOGENE GAsTROPOoDS From OreEGonN: HICKMAN 63 Geol., Philadelphia, p. 169). Eocene, southeastern United States. Discussion. — The volutomitrid group of species, which com- bine a M:itra-like shell with a volutid type of radula, are difficult to distinguish from the true miters using shell characters alone, par- ticularly when dealing with poorly-preserved fossil material. Cerno- horsky (1970) has recently elevated the Volutomitridae (Gray, 1854) to the rank of family, distinguished from the living members of the Mitridae by the volutid radula and presence of an operculum. To distinguish the fossil volutomitrids, Cernohorsky (1970) observes that the volutomitrid protoconch is usually bulbous or globose rather than conical. Columellar plaits are thin, irregularly spaced, and non- parallel, in contrast to the heavy, closely-set parallel folds of the Mitridae. The posterior plait tends to be the shortest in volutomi- trids and the strongest and heaviest in mitrids. Smooth mitriform shells occur in a number of separate lineages and seem to be more common in the Tertiary than they are today. Smooth fossil shells have generally been lumped under Conomitra Conrad, 1865, in the Mitridae. Cernohorsky (1970) transferred Conomitra to the Volutomitridae as the ancestral genus and resur- rected the long-buried name Dentimitra Koenen, 1890, for smooth fossil forms in the Mitridae. Assignment to Conomitra or Denti- mitra is based primarily on the protoconch, which is often missing from fossil material, and the disposition of the columellar plaits, which are often worn or so broken as to be ambiguous. Reallocation of many of the Eocene mitriform species from the Pacific Coast will require the collection of additional material. Conomitra vernoniana N. sp. Pl. 8, figs. 12-15 Description. — Shell moderately large for genus, glossy, smooth except for faint spiral sculpture that is most prominent on the an- terior canal; inner lip with prominent callus bearing four thin, keel- like plaits of equal width that become more distantly spaced posteriorly; posterior plait shorter and less oblique than the other three, sometimes horizontally disposed; aperture long and narrow, one-and-one-half times the height of the spire; canal tapering an- teriorly to a narrow, unnotched spout; body whorl lacking shoulder; suture slightly channeled; protoconch small and bulbous; outer lip without crenulations. 64 BuL.eTIn 310 Etymology. — The species is named after the town of Vernonia, Oregon. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 25.4 mm, maximum diameter 11.2 mm. Material examined. — 38 specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. — Conomitra vernoniana is most common in the middle and upper members of the Keasey Forma- tion, but it has been collected from one locality in the lower member. The species represents the highest stratigraphic occurrence of Cono- mitra on the Pacific Coast. Holotype. — USNM 251407. Figured paratypes. —USNM 251408, 251409. Unfigured paratypes. —USNM 251410 a-e. Type locality.— Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15280. Other localities. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 25026. Middle member: USGS 15267, 15268, 15508, 15517, 15602, 25031, 25034, 25036. Upper member: USGS 15581, 15601, 15269, 25032, M3863. Comparison. — Conomitra vernoniana is similar in details of ornamentation and disposition of columellar plaits to C. washing- toniana (Weaver, 1912) of the Cowlitz Formation. The Cowlitz species is distinguished by crenulations at the shoulder of the body whorl as well as a more prominent spiral sculpture. Height-diameter ratios in the two species are non-overlapping in the populations measured, with a mean value of 0.28 for C. vernoniana and 0.57 for the plumper C. washingtomiana. Family OLIVIDAE Subfamily ANCILLINAE Genus ANCILLA Lamarck, 1799* Type species (by monotypy).— Ancilla cinnamomea Lamarck (1801, Syst. anim. sans vertébr. p. 73). Holocene, Indian and western Pacific Oceans. Subgenus SPIRANCILLA Vokes, 1935” *“Tamarck, 1799, Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat., Paris, vol. 1, p. 70. “Vokes, 1935, Geol. Soc. Am., Proc., p. 414 (1936). PALEOGENE GAsTROPODS From Orecon: HICKMAN 65 Type species (by original designation). — Ancilla bucctnotdes Lamarck (1803, Mus. Hist. Nat., Paris, Ann., vol. 1, No. 6, p. 475). Eocene, Paris Basin. Ancilla (Spirancilla) vernisa n. sp. Pl. 6 figs. 17,18 Description. — Shell small (10 mm high), polished, with rela- tively low spire of four whorls; sutures obscured by thin coating of enamel; aperture narrow, with shallow anterior siphonal notch; parie- tal callus extending over upper portion of aperture to the suture of preceding whorl and back over aperture onto outer lip to obscure suture as it forms; columellar callus divided into two distinct areas: a posterior flat wash with five faint oblique spiral ridges, and an anterior heavy oblique fasciole separated from the posterior callus by a relatively deep furrow; dorsal band between parietal and columellar callus marked by longitudinal growth lines. Etymology. — Fr. vernis = varnish. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 8.5 mm; maximum diameter 3.5 mm. Material examined. — Two specimens. Stratigraphic position. — Lower member, Keasey Formation. Holotype. —USNM 251411. Paratype. — USNM 251412. Type locality.— Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15309. Comparison. — Ancilla vernisa is distinguished from both A. gabbi Cossman, 1899, of the California Eocene and A. blakeleyensts Durham, 1944, of the Washington Oligocene by its more complexly- ridged columellar callus. The superficially similar Olivella mathew- sont Gabb, 1864, a small-shelled Eocene species, is recognizable by the unvarnished, channeled sutures that distinguish Olivella from Anctlla. Family MARGINELLIDAE Subfamily CYSTISCINAE Genus GRANULA Jousseaume, 1875*° (—=KOGOMEA Habe, 1951*’) *Tousseaume, 1875, Rev. Mag. Zool., pt. 3, vol. 3, p. 167. "Habe, 1951, Illus. Cat. Jpn. Shells, p. 103. 66 BuL.etin 310 Type species (by original designation). — Erato novemprovin- cialis Yokoyama (1928, J. Fac. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo, vol. 2, No. 7, p- 346). Holocene, Japan. Discusston. — Coan (1965) provides a history of marginellid classification along with an evaluation of 78 generic names avail- able in the literature. Classification is based primarily on shell char- acters, and the independent assortment of these characters has given rise to the many combinations that are so difficult to evaluate within the context of a conservative basic design. Ponder (1970) has noted that the animal itself is more variable (especially in the structure of the alimentary canal) than is the marginellid shell. Thus anatomical studies may be expected to refine greatly the taxonomy of the family. Granula profundorum n. sp. Pl. 8, fig. 16 Description. — Shell small (less than 3 mm high), ovate, highly polished; spire low and almost enveloped in large body whorl, suture indistinct; aperture arcuate, narrowing to a slit posteriorly and widening somewhat toward base; outer lip thickened but not den- ticulate within; inner lip without callus; columella with three promi- nent folds and a fourth faint posterior fold; anterior fold strongest and most oblique, defining margin of conspicuously notched anterior canal. Etylmology. — L. profundwm (noun) = the deep. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 3.3 mm; maximum diameter 2 mm. Material examined. — Four specimens. Stratigraphic distribution.—Granula profundorum is known from three localities in the lower member and lower part of the mid- dle member of the Keasey Formation and is a minor element of the fauna. At all three localities it occurs in association with deep-water mollusks, and it is assumed to have been part of the living fauna although marginellids as a family seldom range below 100 m. Holotype. —USNM 251413. Unfigured paratypes.—USNM 251414 (Height 3.3 mm), USNM 251415 (Height 2.5 mm). Type locality. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 25026. PALEOGENE GasTRoPoDs From OrEGON: HICKMAN 67 Other localities. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15309. Middle member: USGS 15282. Comparison.— Granula profundorum is distinct from other Tertiary marginellids of the Eastern Pacific. A number of Eocene species (MM. hulim Vokes, 1939; M. adumbrata Anderson and Hanna, 1925; M. multifilosa Anderson and Hanna, 1925) preserve color patterns and seem to belong somewhere within the subfamily Mar- ginellinae. Latest Eocene and Oligocene marginellids are all small- shelled species that probably fall in a variety of genera, although all lack the deeply-notched anterior canal of the new species. Forms such as M. teglandae Durham, 1944, are readily distinguished by denticulate outer lips. Marginella instabtlata Hanna, 1924, of the Gries Ranch Beds, is the nearest relative of Granula profundorwm in time. Well-pre- served topotypes of the Gries Ranch species show that it is a more inflated form, differing in its coarsely denticulate outer lip, five sub- parallel columellar folds, much shallower anterior notch, and columellar callus deposit. Superfamily CANCELLARIACEA Family CANCELLARIIDAE Subfamily ADMETINAE Genus BONELLITIA Jousseaume, 1887° Type species (by original designation). — Cancellaria bonellu Bellardi (1841, Mem. R. Accad. Sci., Torino, vol. 2, p. 248). Pliocene, Italy. Subgenus BONELLITIA s. s. Discussion. — Bonellitia is a diverse genus of small, thin-shelled cancellariids with well-developed axial and spiral sculpture, including both tabulate (Bonellitia s. s.) and non-tabulate (Admetula Coss- mann, 1889) species. There are three oblique columellar folds, the anterior fold defining the margin of the columella and producing a short, spout-like leftward-directed anterior canal, as in the living species of Admete Moller, 1842. The leftward deflection of the an- *“Jousseaume, 1887, Le naturaliste, pt. 2, vol. 1, p. 223. 68 BuLLeTIN 310 terior canal is not to be confused with deflection of the columella, which some authors have emphasized as an important character in cancellarid classification. The columella itself is straight in both Bonellitia and Admete. Bonellitia is most abundant in the Eocene, where it is repre- sented by numerous species and large species populations. The type species is a tabulate form from the Pliocene of Italy, although Jous- seaume’s illustration (1887, fig. 6, p. 233) is of the non-tabulate type of his genus Uxia, the two illustrations having been erroneously transposed. Tabulate-shelled species are rare in the Eocene, how- ever, and most species resemble Cancellaria evulsa (Solander, 1766), the type of Admetula. Cossmann later (1899, p. 32) synonymized Admetula with Bonellitia, a practice which has been followed by sub- sequent authorities (see Marks, 1949; Wenz, 1943; Wrigley, 1935). Admetula is resurrected here as a valid subgenus of non-tabulate Paleogene forms of Bonellitia. Bonellitia apparently did not persist in abundance beyond the Paleogene in the Northeastern Pacific, although cancellariids are abundantly represented in Miocene faunas. Marks (1949) did not recognize Bonellitia in the Miocene in his treatment of tropical American Miocene cancellariids. Moore (1963) and Addicott (1970) place a variety of small tabulate Miocene forms in Eucla H. and A. Adams, 1854. Although these species are not markedly similar to the large cassidiform living type species of Eucla, they are equally dissimilar to the Paleogene cancellariid lineages. Bonellitia (Bonellitia) smithwickensis n. sp. Pl. 9, figs. 2-6 Cancellaria n. sp. A Vokes, 1945 (checklist), 72 Warren and others, U.S. Geol. Surv. Oil and Gas Invest. Prelim. Map 42. Description. — Shell small (20 mm high), moderately high spired, with tabulate whorl profile; protoconch smooth, merging indistinctly with early whorls, spiral sculpture appearing before axial; cancellate sculpture on post-nuclear whorl consisting of 12 to 13 prominent axial ribs that produce short, blunt spines where crossed by each of four major spiral ribs; shoulder ornamented by about nine fine spiral threads, usually with a prominent central thread; light secondary spirals may be present between first and sec- ond major spirals; heavy secondary spiral usually present between PALEOGENE GAsTRoPopDsS From Orecon: HICKMAN 69 second and third major spirals and sometimes flanked by tertiary spirals; no secondary spirals between third and fourth major spirals; four to ten spirals on gently convex base, decreasing in strength an- teriorly, often with some intercalation of finer spirals; maximum convexity of body whorl occurring between second and third major spirals; suture corresponding with and barely covering third major spiral throughout coiling; outer lip thin, broken on most specimens; columellar lip thinly callused; columella straight, with three promi- nent oblique folds; anterior fold obliquely truncating columella and forming margin of short, leftward-directed, unnotched anterior canal. Etymology.— The specific epithet derives from the type locality in the Smithwick Literock Quarry. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 17.1 mm; maximum diameter 10 mm. Material examined. — 53 specimens. Variation. — The arrangement of primary, secondary, and ter- tiary spiral elements on the holotype is illustrated in Text-figure 5. Twenty-seven complete specimens from nine localities were compared with the holotype, with the following results: All specimens ex- hibited fine spirals on the subsutural slope and 82 percent had a more prominent spiral developed at the middle or above the middle of the slope. Forty-nine percent had developed one or two weak secondary spirals between the first and second primary spirals, and in 77 percent of the specimens with secondaries, two rather than one were present. Ninety-three percent of the specimens had a strong secondary spiral between the second and third primary spirals. Ninety-three percent lack intercalated spirals between the third and fourth primaries. Fifty-two percent have spirals of one strength or gradually decreasing strength on the base, whereas 48 percent exhibit intercalation of spirals of several ranks on the base. Particular arrangements of tertiary spirals are characteristic of different localities in the Keasey Formation. Arrangement of local variations into “trends” does not correspond to the stratigraphic sequence of localities. Stratigraphic distribution. — The new species occurs only in the middle and upper members of the Keasey Formation and is most abundant in the upper 200 m of the middle member. Holotype. — USNM 251416. 70 BuLteTIN 310 Text-figure 5.— Comparison of spiral ornamentation patterns and whorl profiles of five cancellariid species from the Keasey Formation. a. Bonellitia (Bonellitia) smithwickensis n. sp.; b. Bonellitia (Admetula) tumida n. sp.; & Sveltella exiliplex n. sp.; d. Sveltella ? keaseyensis n. sp.; e. Sveltella ? sp. PALEOGENE GaAsTROPODS From OrEGON: HICKMAN 71 Figured paratypes. —USNM 251417, 251418, 251419. Unfigured Paratype. —USNM 251420 (Height 15.5 mm, USGS 15280). Type locality.— Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 25031. Other localities. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15267, 15268; 15276, 15279) 15280) 15285, 15508, 15517.) 15582. 15602, 25033, 25034, 25038, 25039. Upper member: USGS 15518, M3865. Comparison. — Bonellitia smithwickensis is not closely related to any other cancellariid in the Pacific Coast Tertiary. It compares more closely with the Pliocene type of the genus, and it shows striking similarity in form and details of sculpture to Bonellitia pyrgota (F. E. Edwards, 1866) from the Eocene of England. A specimen of B. pyrgota (ANSP CC254) is figured for comparison GEIS 9, tie. 1): Subgenus ADMETULA Cossmann, 1889” Type species (by original designation). — Buccinum evulsum Solander (1766, in Brander, Foss. Hanton., p. 13, fig. 14). Eocene (Bartonian), northern Europe. Bonellitia (Admetula) tumida n. sp. Pl. 8, figs. 20-23 Cancellaria n. sp. B Vokes, 1945 (checklist) iz Warren and others, U.S. Geol. Surv. Oil and Gas Invest. Prelim. Map 42. Description. — A small (20 mm high), low-spired shell with plump, evenly convex whorl profile; protoconch in holotype abraded; cancellate sculpture of penultimate whorl consisting of about 21 axial ribs forming low nodes at intersections of four spiral ribs of equal strength, producing a nearly-square grid pattern; axial ribs diminished to 16 or fewer on body whorl, becoming irregularly spaced, more distant, unequally prominent, and heavier than spiral ribs; 11 or 12 major spirals on body whorl, with secondary spirals intercalated between the suture and the first spiral and between spirals one and six, primary spirals below spiral six becoming oblique and axial ribs becoming obsolete; faint lirations on inner lip cor- “Cossmann, 1889, Soc. Malacol. Belg., Ann., vol. 24, p. 224. (Pe? BuLtetin 310 responding with interspaces between major spirals; columella with three subparallel oblique folds, the anterior fold defining the margin of the short, leftward-inclined anterior canal; aperture subcircular; maximum diameter of whorls corresponding with third primary spiral; suture abutting and barely covering fifth major spiral throughout coiling. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 11 mm; maximum diameter 7.9 mm. Material examined. — 28 specimens. Variation. — The range of variation in the new species is much narrower than in related species from the Paleogene of Europe, the Gulf Coast, and the northeastern Pacific. The correspondence of the suture with the fifth major spiral rib, with intercalated secondary spirals and axials disappearing below the fifth major spiral on the body whorl are the most diagnostic features of ornamentation. Loca- tion of the maximum diameter at the third primary spiral gives the body whorl a bulged-out appearance posteriorly and emphasizes the constriction of the anterior end. In the B. paucivaricata-stantom group of the California Eocene the maximum whorl diameter is lower, corresponding with the fifth major spiral. The very large swollen naticoid protoconch of B. megapex Vokes, 1939, sets this Domengine species apart from those discussed above. Stratigraphic distribution. — Bonellitia tumida has been col- lected from all three members of the Keasey Formation, although it is most abundant in the middle member. Specimens from the lower member tend to be very small, and to have more prominent and regularly spaced axial ornamentation. Holotype. —USNM 251421. Figured paratypes. —USNM 251422, 241423, 251424. Unfigured paratype. —USNM 251425 a-b (USGS 15309). Type locality. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 25031. Other localities._- Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15308, 15309, 25026. Middle member: USGS 15276, 15280, 15282, 15508, 15525, 15602, 25029, M3862. Upper member: USGS 15315- Comparison. — Small, non-tabulate, moderately thin-shelled can- cellariids are abundant in Paleogene faunas throughout the world. Bonellitia (Admetula) evulsa (Solander, 1766), the type of Adme- PALEOGENE GaAsTROPODS From OrEcoN: HICKMAN 73 tula (Pl. 8, fig. 19) is common in the Eocene of England and has been described in detail by Wrigley (1935, pp. 364-367). “Varieties” of this species occur in the Eocene of the Paris Basin and throughout the Belgian and north German Oligocene. Details of sculpture are variable, but the general aspect of Admetula is relatively constant throughout its stratigraphic and geographic range. Specimens of Bonellitia (Admetula) from a variety of Eocene horizons on the West Coast have been assigned to B. (A.) pauci- varicata (Gabb, 1864), which Stewart (1926) characterizes as a highly variable species. There are two morphological extremes repre- sented in Gabb’s type lot from the Tejon Formation. I have com- pared these specimens with Gabb’s drawings (pl. 28, figs. 209, 209a): they are based on a specimen with numerous fine, irregu- larly-spaced axial ribs of varying prominence, although Stewart chose a more complete specimen with fewer and more regularly spaced axials to serve as lectotype. The lectotype seems to be typical of specimens that have been collected subsequently from the type Tejon Formation, whereas specimens resembling Gabb’s figures occur more commonly at Eocene localities in California, Ore- gon, and Washington, where they have sometimes been called B. stantont (Dickerson, 1913). This complex will require further study from additional material to determine whether or not morphological discontinuities warranting specific recognition are present and to distinguish intraspecific from stratigraphically significant variation. Genus SVELTELLA Cossmann, 1889* Type species (by original designation). — Cancellaria quantula Deshayes (1866, Cog. foss. envir. Paris, vol. 2). Eocene, Paris Basin. Discussion. — Sveltella is a predominantly Eocene genus of small cancellariids of the same general stock as Bonellitia. The genus differs from Bonellitia in having only two columellar plications and an attenuate anterior canal. The aperture is relatively small in many of the European species, and the columellar folds are often concealed deep within the aperture. Sveltella exiliplex n. sp. Pl. 9, figs. 7-9 Cancellaria n. sp. C., Vokes, 1945 (checklist), i2 Warren and others, U.S. Geol. Surv. Oil and Gas Invest. Prelim. Map 42. “Cossmann, 1889, Soc. Malacol. Belg., Ann., vol. 24, p. 222. 74 Buttetin 310 Description. — Shell small (20 mm high), relatively high-spired, elongate; protoconch unknown; sculpture of penultimate whorl dominated by two equally prominent spiral cords representing the maximum diameter of the whorl, nodose at their intersection with each of twelve less prominent axial ribs; shoulder slope broad, flat, and inclined to axis of coiling at an angle of 50°, ornamented by three spiral threads undulating over 12 broader and less well-defined axial ribs; base inclined from maximum diameter at an angle of 40°, ornamented by four to eight spiral threads, axial elements becoming obsolete anteriorly; columella straight, with two weak oblique folds hidden deep within the relatively small aperture; anterior end drawn out into short pointed rostrum; suture corresponding with first spiral thread below periphery throughout coiling. Etymology. — L. exilis = thin + L. plex = fold. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 9.4 mm; maximum diameter 5.2 mm. Material examined. — Eight specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. — Sveltella exiliplex has been col- lected from five stratigraphic horizons in the middle member of the Keasey Formation, ranging from about 30 m below the top to about 350 m below the top of the member. Holotype. —USNM 251426. Paratype. — USNM 251427. Type locality.— Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15282. Other localities.-- Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15268, 15276, 15279, 25033. Comparison. — The elevated spire and bicarinate whorls of Sveltella exiliplex distinguish it from the European Paleogene species, although it shares the attenuate anterior canal and two weak columellar folds that are characteristic of the genus and the small aperture that is common to many species. Sveltella has not been recognized heretofore in the Tertiary of the Pacific Coast. Admete clatskaniensis Anderson and Martin, 1914, may belong in this genus, although it is a poorly known species. Weaver (1943, p. 509) cites it as occurring in the Miocene Astoria Formation, although the holotype comes from the “Clatskanie Beds” of northwestern Oregon, which are coeval with the Gries Ranch Beds PALEOGENE GAsTROPoDS From Orecon: HICKMAN 75 of southwestern Washington and the upper member of the Keasey Formation. The Clatskanie species is distinct from the Keasey species in lacking the two prominent carinae and in other details of ornamentation. Sveltella ? keaseyesis n. sp. Pl, 9) figs) 10,414 Description. — Shell very small (10 mm high), low spired, with gently sloping subsutural tabulation; spire consisting of three whorls including abraded protoconch in holotype; subsutural slope sculp- tured by four fine spiral threads crossing twelve broad oblique axial ribs on body whorl; angulation marked by a primary spiral, with two primary spirals developed between angulation and suture on penultimate whorl; suture abutting and barely covering fourth major spiral; base of body whorl ornamented by six spiral threads of de- creasing strength; weak intercalated secondary threads appearing between primary threads on later whorls; nodes developed at inter- sections of first three primary spirals and axial ribs; columella with two weak folds; anterior canal and base of columella broken in holotype. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 5.7 mm; maximum diameter 3.9 mm. Material examined. — Six specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. — Sveltella ? keaseyensis has been collected at three localities in the lower member of the Keasey Formation, and thus does not overlap in stratigraphic occurrence with the distinctive turreted bicarinate S. exiliplex of the middle member. Holotype. —USNM 251428. Paratypes. —USNM 251429, 251430. Type locality.— Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 25026. Other localities. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15307, 15309. Beds at Holcomb, Washington: UCMP A1810. Comparison. — The features of ornamentation that distinguish Sveltella ? keaseyensis from other Keasey cancellariids are illustrated in Text-figure 5. 76 BuLteTINn 310 Sveltella ? sp. Pl. 9, fis; 12 Discussion. — Fragments of a single specimen from the lower portion of the middle member of the Keasey Formation represent a species that is distinct from other Keasey cancellariids. The tip of the anterior canal is broken, but the two columellar folds on the portion that remains suggests Sveltella rather than Bonellitia. Orna- mentation is well preserved and distinctive, consisting of two spiral threads of secondary prominence flanking a single tertiary thread on the gently convex shoulder. Two primary spirals occupy the area of maximum whorl diameter, with two secondary spirals in the inter- space. The suture barely covers the third primary spiral on the spire whorls. Below the third spiral on the body whorl there are six spirals that decrease in strength and become progressively more oblique on the base, with several faint intercalated tertiary threads. Axial orna- mentation consists of axial wrinkles of varying width and irregular interval that produce nodes at intersections with primary spirals and become obsolete on the base. Distinctive features of the spiral orna- mentation are illustrated in Text-figure 5. Figured specimen.— USNM 251431. Locality. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15283. Genus ADMETE Moller, 1842", ex Kroyer MS Type species (by monotypy).— Admete crispa Maller (1842, Index Mollusc. Groenland., p. 88). Pliocene - Holocene, Circum- boreal. Discussion. — Admete has been broadly applied to a diverse group of cool-water small-shelled cancellariids with faint to obsolete columellar plications that are often concealed deep within the aper- ture. Neadmete Habe, 1961, has been employed to separate the Eastern Pacific high-spired species with relatively straight columella, undeflected anterior canal, and reduced parietal and columellar callus (Kanakoff and McLean, 1966; Mount, 1970) from typical Admete. [However, see Petit (1974) for a discussion of correct application of Neadmete in view of misidentification of the type species in the original description of the genus. | There are a few northeastern Pacific species that do not fit “Moller, 1842, Index Mollusc. Groenland., p. 15. PALEOGENE GasTRopops From Orecon: HICKMAN Tel either Admete s. 5. or Neadmete (auctt.), among them “Admete” californica Dall, 1908, and a new species from the Keasey Formation. Both species, while having the relatively short spire of Admete, lack extensive callus development and have a straight columella and un- deflected canal as in species assigned to Neadmete. They are unique in having a prominent umbilicus. “Admete” umbilicata n. sp. PIS} tigel3 Description. — Shell very small (10 mm high), of four-and-one- half whorls (apex of holotype broken); tabulate, with a convex shoulder slope ornamented by five faint spiral threads crossed by irregularly spaced faint axial threads; base with 11 well-developed primary spirals, with a secondary spiral intercalated between the posteriormost primary spirals; aperture subtrigonal; columella straight, with one faint plication visible, and slightly reflected into a sharp ridge separating aperture from narrow but deep and well developed umbilicus that is unusual in the Admetinae; suture abut- ting to slightly channeled; parietal callus poorly developed and not attached to parietal wall anteriorly. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 6.1 mm; maximum diameter 3.9 mm. Material examined. — One specimen. Stratigraphic position.—The sole specimen on which this species is based was collected from the upper part of the middle member of the Keasey Formation, approximately 30 m below the base of the upper member. Holotype. —USNM 251432. Type locality. —USGS 15508. Comparison. — “Admete” umbilicata is distinguished from other Paleogene admetine cancellariids by its straight columella, unde- flected anterior canal, and conspicuous umbilicus. Greater develop- ment of the umbilicus and inclination of the columella, which is parallel to the axis of coiling in “A.” californica, distinguish the new species from the living one. Superfamily CONACEA Family CONIDAE 78 BuLLeETIN 310 Genus CONUS Linnaeus, 1758 Type species (by subsequent designation of Children [1823, Q. J. Sci. Lit. Art, vol. 16, p. 69]).— Conus marmoreus Linnaeus. Holocene, Indo-Pacific. Conus weltoni n. sp. Pl. 9, figs. 1416 Conus n. sp. A Vokes, 1945 (checklist) zx Warren and others, 1945, U.S. Geol. Surv. Oil and Gas Invest. Prelim. Map 42. Description. — Shell of medium size for genus, slender, with relatively high, turreted, beaded spire; shoulder concave, with moderately deep anal notch; aperture narrow and of uniform width; body whorl convex posteriorly, becoming concave anteriorly with a pronounced constriction of the anterior end; periphery ornamented by 20 to 23 nodes that are obliquely produced onto the body whorl following growth lines; body whorl ornamented by faint spiral sculp- ture that is strongest anteriorly; shoulder lacking spiral sculpture; shell thin and delicate for its size; spiral angle 50°; apex abraded on all available specimens. Etymology. — The species is named for Bruce Welton, who col- lected and donated the holotype. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 40.0 mm; maximum diameter . 18.1 mm. Material examined. — 48 specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. — Conus weltoni is restricted to the lower member of the Keasey Formation. It has been recognized as part of the fauna from the type section of the formation on Rock Creek for many years and has been referred to as “Conus n. sp.” or “Conus n. sp. A” (Durham, 1944; Vokes in Warren and others, 1945; Warren and Norbisrath, 1946). Specimens are abundant at many localities and invariably occur in association with Bathybem- bix columbiana. Preservation is generally poor at weathered out- crops, with a predominance of chalky internal molds at most localities. Conus weltoni occurs in beds of early Keasey age on the Willapa River at Holcomb, Washington, where it also is associated with Bathybembix columbiana. “Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 712. PALEOGENE GAsTROPODS From Orecon: HICKMAN 79 Holotype. —USNM 251433. Figured paratypes. —USNM 251434, 251435. Unfigured paratype. —USNM 251436 (Height 28.8 mm, USGS 25026). Type locality.— Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 25025. Other localities. — Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15306, 15307, 15308, 15309, 15263, 15265, 25026, 25027, SU Schenck Loc. 435. Beds at Holcomb, Washington: UCMP A1810. Comparison. — The characters that seem to be most useful in separating the Paleogene species of Conus with turreted beaded spires are the number of nodes per whorl, shape of the nodes, presence or absence of spiral sculpture on the shoulder, presence or absence of sculpture on the posterior portion of the body whorl, and body whorl profile. The height of the spire seems to be a variable character in most species. C. vaderensis Weaver and Palmer, 1922, and C. cowlitzensis Weaver, 1912, from the Cowlitz Formation in southwestern Washington, both have more prominent spiral orna- mentation over the entire body whorl as well as spiral sculpture on the shoulder. C. aegilops Anderson and Hanna, 1925, from the type Tejon Formation in California, has squarish nodes that are trun- cated anteriorly, in contrast to the obliquely produced nodes on the new species. Likewise in C. schenckt Weaver and Kleinpell, 1963, from the middle member of the Gaviota Formation, the nodes are not obliquely produced. The shoulder is also relatively broader and the spiral angle wider (65°). Conus armentrouti n. sp. Pl. 9, figs. 17-20 Conus n. sp. B Vokes, 1945 (checklist), iz Warren and others, U.S. Geol. Sury. Oil and Gas Invest. Prelim. Map 42. Description. — Shell moderately large for genus, biconic, with turreted spire; periphery of whorls lacking nodes or beads but sharply angled; shoulder concave above periphery and marked by faint successive indications of shallow anal notch; aperture narrow and parallel-sided; whorl profile straight-sided to slightly convex posteriorly, with abrupt narrowing and constriction at the anterior end; spiral ornamentation prominent anteriorly, becoming faint to obsolete toward periphery; relative height of spire and spiral angle variable. 80 BuLLeTIN 310 Etymology. — The species is named for John M. Armentrout, whose collections at several localities in the middle member of the Keasey Formation have aided in the completion of this study. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 38.5 mm; maximum diameter 19.1 mm. Material examined. — Eight specimens. Stratigraphic distribution. — Conus armentroutt has been col- lected only in the upper 150 m of the middle member of the Keasey Formation and from only a few localities. Holotype. — USNM 251437. Figured paratypes. — USNM 251438, 251439. Type locality. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 25038. Other localities. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15280, 15602, 25036, 25037. Comparison. — There are few Paleogene species of Conus with keeled, unnoded peripheries and only one that might be confused with C. armentrouti. C. hornit Gabb, 1864, from the type Tejon Formation is similar to the new species, but has a more prominently channeled shoulder and relatively lower spire. Spire height is vari- able in the specimens examined (PI. 9, figs. 17, 19) and it is possible ~ that more than one species is represented. Family TURRIDAE Discussion. — Descriptions and biostratigraphic documentation of the turrid gastropods of the Keasey Formation are presented in an earlier report (Hickman, 1976). The 16 species occurring in the formation are listed below, and illustrations are provided for the most abundant and biostratigraphically important forms. Subfamily TURRICULINAE Turricula keaseyensis Hickman, 1976 Pl. 10, fig. 2 Turricula emerita Hickman, 1976 Pl. 10, fig. I Comitas (Boreocomitas) oregonensis Hickman, 1976 Pl. 10, fig. 3 Comitas (Boreocomitas) monile Hickman, 1976 Acamptogenotia (Acamptogenotia) tessellata Hickman, 1976 Pl. 10, fig. 6 Acamptogenotia (Acamptogenotia) nodulosa Hickman, 1976 Pl. 10, fig. 4 Parasyrinx delicata Hickman, 1976 Pl. 10, fig. 5 Parasyrinx sp. Hickman, 1976 Turrinosyrinx cf. T. packardi (Weaver, 1916) Turrinosyrinx nodifera Hickman, 1976 Pl. 10, fig. 7 Clivuloturris cf. C. levis Hickman, 1976 PALEOGENE GaAstTRopops From Orecon: HICKMAN 81 Subfamily TURRINAE Eopleurotoma (?) n. sp., aff. E. (?) ornata (Dickerson, 1915) Gemmula rockcreekensis Hickman, 1976 Pl; 10; fig:38 Procerapex bentsonae (Durham, 1944) Pl. 10, fig. 9 Ptychosyrinx facula Hickman, 1976 Pl. 10, fig. 10 Pleuroliria oregonensis Hickman, 1976 Pl. 10, fig. 11 Subclass OPISTHOBRANCHIA Order TECTIBRANCHIA Superfamily PYRAMIDELLACEA Family PYRAMIDELLIDAE Genus CYCLOSTREMELLA Bush, 1897* Type species (by original designation). — Cyclostremella humi- lis Bush (1897, Connecticut Acad. Arts Sci., Trans., vol. 10, p. 141). Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic coast north to North Carolina. Cyclostremella sp. Discussion. — A remarkable, minute (3.2 mm wide, 1.5 mm high), planispiral gastropod with an anastrophic protoconch pro- jecting into the umbilicus of the orthostrophic teleoconch has been recovered in association with a typical lower Keasey fauna in beds on the Willapa River at Holcomb, Washington (Locality UCMP A1810). Classification of living Cyclostremella was problematical until Robertson (1973) demonstrated that the animal is anatomi- cally a pyramidellid, in spite of the anomalous mode of coiling. A separate report describing the late Eocene species is in preparation. Family SCAPHANDRIDAE Genus SCAPHANDER Montfort, 1810“ Type species (by monotypy). — Bulla lignaria Linnaeus. Holo- cene, eastern north Atlantic to Mediterranean Sea. Scaphander impunctatus Nn. sp. Pl. 10, figs. 12-17 Scaphander stewarti Durham, Vokes, 1945 (checklist) (in part?), im Warren and others, U.S. Geol. Surv. Oil and Gas Invest. Prelim. Map 42. “Bush, 1897, Connecticut Acad. Arts Sci., Trans., vol. 10, p. 140. “Montfort, 1810, Conchyl. Syst., vol. 2, p. 335. 82 Bu..etin 310 Description. — Of moderate size for genus, thin-shelled, varying in height-width ratio from 1.5 to 2.0; sunken apical pit broad and shallow, covered by successive arcuate extensions of parietal callus into the broad posterior apical notch from which the outer lip arises; outer lip arcuate when viewed from above; aperture ex- panded anteriorly, relatively broadly open posteriorly, but with lit- tle posterior attenuation of the thin outer lip; columellar lip strongly reflexed and medially grooved, not distinctly separated from thin parietal callus; shell ornamented by over 100 finely-incised spiral grooves of varying width, separating flat-topped spiral bands of varying width; grooves lacking distinct punctation, except as oc- casional faint scalloping of spiral bands. Dimensions of holotype. — Height 11.3 mm; maximum diameter 7.2 mm. Material examined. — 64 specimens (some of the poorly pre- served specimens may be Scaphander stewartt — see below). Variation. — Scaphander impunctatus is highly variable both in major shell proportions and in sculpture, but the broad apical pit and lack of attenuation of the posterior outer lip are highly charac- teristic of the new species. Stratigraphic distribution.— The new species occurs at low density throughout the Keasey Formation, appearing near the base of the lower member and continuing to the top of the upper member. Holotype. — USNM 251440. Figured paratypes. —USNM 251441, 251442. Unfigured paratypes. —USNM 251443 a-b. Type locality.— Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 25031. Other localities. —Lower member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15307, 15308, 15309, 25026. Middle member: USGS 15267, 15274, 15276, 15279, 15280, 15281, 15282, 15283, 15285, 15316, 15508, 15525, 25030. Upper member: USGS 15315, 15601. Comparison. — Scaphander impunctatus is the oldest of a group of provincial late Eocene to middle Oligocene scaphandrids having an imperforate apex, anteriorly expanded aperture, and impunctate to faintly punctate grooves. It differs from the more widespread late Eocene to early Oligocene S. stewartt Durham, 1944, in having a broader apical pit and less posterior attenuation of the outer lip, PALEOGENE GastTrRopops From Orecon: HICKMAN 83 which is arcuate rather than straight when viewed from above (PI. 10, figs. 14, 20). S. washingtonensis Weaver, 1916, also has a more attenuate posterior outer lip. Several Miocene scaphandrids from the Eastern Pacific exhibit a broad apical pit comparable to that of S. impunctatus, but they belong to a finely punctate group of species including S. petrosa (Conrad, 1849) and S. articensis Addicott, 1966. Scaphander stewarti Durham, 1944 Pl. 10, figs. 18-20 Scaphander stewarti Durham, 1944, Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 189-190, pl. 14, fig. 15; Vokes, 1945 (checklist) (in part), zz Warren and others, U.S. Geol. Surv. Oil and Gas Invest. Prelim. Map 42; Hickman, 1969, Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Oregon, Bull. 16, pp. 100- 101, pl. 14, figs. 1-3. Discussion. — Three specimens from the middle member of the Keasey Formation are distinct from the more common Scaphander impunctatus n. sp. in having a narrow apical depression and pro- nounced posterior attenuation of the outer lip. Because details of the apex are poorly preserved on many Keasey scaphandrid specimens, it is possible that some of the specimens identified as S. impunctatus are S. stewartt. Ornamentation is not significantly different in the two species, both consisting of a pattern of incised grooves and spiral bands of varying width related to their pattern of origin, in which new spiral lines subdivide spiral bands by means of progressive in- crease in width. Figured hypotypes. —USNM 251444, 251445. Localities. — Middle member, Keasey Formation: USGS 15274, 15280. LITERATURE CITED Abbott, R. T. 1968. The helmet shells of the world (Cassidae), Part 1. Indo-Pacific Mollusca, vol. 2, No. 9, pp. 15-200, pls. 9-187. Adams, H., and Adams, A. 1853-1858. The genera of Recent Mollusca, arranged according to their organization. 3 vols., vol. 1, 484 pp; vel. 2, 661 pp; vol. 3, 136 pls. Addicott, W. O. 1966. New Tertiary marine mollusks from Oregon and Washington. J. Paleontol., vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 635-646, pls. 76-78, text-fig. 1. 1970. Miocene gastropods and biostratigraphy of the Kern River area, California. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 642, 174 pp., 21 pls. Allison, R. C. 1965. Apical development in turritellid classification with a description of Cristispira pugetensis gen. et sp. nov. Palaeontol., vol. 8, pt. 4, pp. 666-680, pl. 92. 84 BULLETIN 310 Anderson, F. M., and Hanna, G D. 1925. 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Review of the bathyal gastropod genus Phanerolepida (Homalopo- matinae) and description of a new species from the Oregon Oligo- cene. The Veliger, vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 107-112, 1 pl., 1 text-fig. 1974a. Nehalemia hieroglyphica, a new genus and species of Archaeo- gastropod (Turbinidae: Homalopomatinae) from the Eocene of Oregon. The Veliger, vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 89-91, 1 pl. 1974b. Characteristics of bathyal mollusk faunas in the Pacific Coast Ter- tiary. West. Soc. Malacol., Ann. Rep., vol. 7, pp. 41-50, 3 figs. 1976. Bathyal gastropods of the family Turridae in the early Oligocene Keasey Formation in Oregon, with a review of some deep-water genera in the Paleogene of the eastern Pacific. Bull. Am. Paleontol., vol. 70, No. 292, pp. 1-119, pls. 1-7, 17 text-figs. 1978. Molluscan paleontology and biostratigraphy of Cenozoic deep-water facies in the Pacific Northwest [abstr.]. Geol. Soc. Am., Abstr. Program, vol. 9, No. 7, p. 1014. Hornibrook, N. de B. 1967. New Zealand microfossil zonation, correlation and climate. 11th Pac. Sci. Congr. Symp., Proc., vol. 25, pp. 29-39. Jousseaume, F. 1887. La famille des Cancellariidae. Le Naturaliste, vol. 9, pp. 155-157, 192-194, 213-214, 221-223 (reprinted 1888 in 30 pp. Octavo, with different pagination but same figure numbers). Kanakoff, G. P., and McLean, J. H. 1966. Recognition of the cancellariid genus Neadmete Habe, 1961, in the west American fauna, with description of a new species from the Lomita Marl of Los Angeles County, California. Los Angeles Co. Mus. Contrib. Sci., No. 116, pp. 1-6. Koenen, A. von 1890. Das Norddeutsche Unter-Oligocén und seine mollusken-fauna. Lief. II: Conidae-Volutidae-Cypracidae. Abh. geol. K. Preuss. Lande- sanst., vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 281-574, pls. 24-39. de Koninck, L. 1838. Description des coquilles fossiles de Vargile de Basele, Boom, Schelle, etc. Bruxelles, Acad. Sci. Mem., vol. 11, pp. 1-31, pls. 1-4. Kuroda, T., and Habe, T. 1961. in Habe, T., Coloured illustrations of the shells of Japan, vol. 2, pp. 1-183, pls. 1-66. 88 BuLLeETIN 310 Link, H. F. 1807. Beschreibung der Naturalien-Sammlung der Universitat zu Rostok. vol. 1, variously paged. Marks, J. G. 1949. Nomenclatural units and tropical American Miocene species of the gastropod family Cancellariidae. J. Paleontol., vol. 23, No. 5, pp. 453-464, pl. 78. Marincovich, L. 1977. Cenozoic Naticidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of the northeastern Pacific. Bull. Am. Paleontol., vol. 70, No. 294, pp. 169-494, pls. 17- 42, 13 text-figs. Merriam, J. C. 1941. Fossil turritellas from the Pacific coast region of North America. Uniy. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 1-214, pls. 1-41, 19 text-figs. Moller, H. P. C. 1842. Index molluscorum Groenlandiae. Naturhist. Tidssk., vol. 4, pp. 76-97. Moore, E. J. 1963. Miocene mollusks from the Astoria Formation in Oregon. U.S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Pap. 419, 190 pp., 33 pls. [1964]. 1976. Oligocene marine mollusks from the Pittsburg Bluff Formation in Oregon. U.S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Pap. 922, 66 pp., 17 pls., 8 figs. Moore, R. C., and Vokes, H. E. 1953. Lower Tertiary crinoids from northwestern Oregon. U.S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Pap. 233-E, pp. 113-148, pls. 14-24, 13 figs. Morch, O. A. L. 1852. Catalogus conchyliorum quae reliquit D. Alphonso D’Aguirra & Gadea, part 1, Cephalophora. Hafniae, pp. 1-170. Mount, J. D. 1970. A new species of Neadmete (Neogastropoda) from the Pliocene of California. Los Angeles Co. Mus. Contrib. Sci., No. 177, pp. 1-4. Noda, H. 1975. Turciculid Gastropoda of Japan. Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ., 2nd Ser. (Geol.), vol. 45, No. 2, pp. 51-82, 3 figs., pls. 9-12. Odhner, N 1913. Northern and Arctic invertebrates in the collection of the Swedish State Museum. VI. Prosobranchia. 2 Semiproboscidifera. K. Sven. Vetenskapsakad. Handl., Band 50, No. 5, pp. 1-89, pls. 1-5, text- figs. 1-5. Petit, R. H. 1974. Notes on Japanese Cancellariidae. Venus, vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 109- Ss Ponder, W. F. 1970. Some aspects of the morphology of four species of the neogastropod family Marginellidae with a discussion on the evolution of the toxoglossan poison gland. J. Malacol. Soc. Australia, vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 55-81. = Rehder, H 1955. The genus Turcicula Dall. Malacol. Soc. London, Proc., vol. 31 pp. 222-225, pl. 12. Risso, A. 1826. Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l’Europe méri- dionale et particuliérement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes maritimes. Paris and Strasbourg, vols. 1-5. Robertson, R. 1973. Cyclostremella: a planispiral pyramidellid. Nautilus, vol. 87, No. 3, p. 88. PALEOGENE GAsTROPODS From OrEcon: HICKMAN 89 Schenck, H. G. 1926. Cassididae of western America. Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 69-98, pls. 12-15. Seguenza, L. 1903. Molluschi poco noti dei terreni Terziarii di Messina: Trochidae e Solariitdae. Boll. Soc. Geol. Ital., vol. 21, pp. 455-464. Smith, J. T. 1970. Taxonomy, distribution, and phylogeny of the cymatiid gastropods Argobuccinum, Fusitriton, Mediargo, and Priene. Bull. Am. Paleontol., vol. 56, No. 254, pp. 445-573, pls. 39-49, 17 figs. Solander, D. C. 1766. in Brander, G., Fossilia Hantoniensia collecta, et in Musaeo Bri- tannico deposita. London. 43 pp., 9 pls. Stewart, R. B. 1926. Gabb’s California fossil type gastropods. Philadelphia, Acad. Nat. Sci., Proc., vol. 78, pp. 287-447, pls. 20-32, [1927]. Taki, I., and Otuka, Y. 1943. Genus ‘Turcicula Dall. Conchol. Asiatica, vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 93- 108, figs. 1-6, 1 pl. (in Japanese). Tegland, N. M. 1931. The gastropod genus Galeodea in the Oligocene of Washington. Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 19, No. 18, pp. 397-434, pls. 59-65. 1933. The fauna of the type Blakekey upper Oligocene of Washington. Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 81-174, pls. 2-15. Vokes, H. E. 1939. Molluscan faunas of the Domengine and Arroyo Hondo Formations of the California Eocene. New York Acad. Sci., Ann., vol. 38, pp. 1-246, pls. 1-22. Wagner, C. M., and Shilling, K. H. 1923. The San Lorenzo group of the San Emigdio region, California. Univ. Calif. Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 14, No. 8, pp. 235- 276, pls. 43-50. Warren, W. C., and Norbisrath, H. 1946. Stratigraphy of upper Nehalem River basin, northwestern Oregon. Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol., Bull., vol. 30, pt. 1, No. 2, pp. 213-237. Warren, W. C., Norbisrath, H. and Grivetti, R. M. 1945. Geology of northwestern Oregon west of Willamette River and north of latitude 45°51’. U.S. Geol. Surv. Oil and Gas Invest. Prelim. Map 42 (map and text). Watson, R. B. 1879. Trochidae continued, viz. the genera Basilissa and Trochus, and the Turbinidae, viz. the genus Turbo. Linn. Soc. London. J., Zool., vol. 14, pp. 692-719. Weaver, C. E. 1912. A preliminary report on the Tertiary paleontology of western Washington. Washington Geol. Surv., Bull. 15, pp. 1-80, pls. 1-15. 1916. Tertiary faunal horizons of western Washington. Univ. Washing- ton Publ. Geol., vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 1-67, pls. 1-5. 1943. Paleontology of the marine Tertiary formations of Oregon and Washington. Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 5, pts. 1-3, 789 pp., 104 pls. Weaver, C. E., [chmn.], and others 1944. Correlation of the marine Cenozoic formations of Western North America. Geol. Soc. Am., Bull., vol. 55, No. 5, pp. 569-598. Weaver, C. E., and Palmer, K. V. W. 1922. Fauna from the Eocene of Washington. Univ. Washington Publ. Geol., vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 1-56, pls. 8-12. 90 BuLteTIN 310 Weaver, D. W., and Kleinpell, R. M. 1963. Mollusca from the Turritella variata zone, pp. 81-118, in Oligocene biostratigraphy of the Santa Barbara embayment, California. Univ. California Publ., Bull. Dep. Geol. Sci., vol. 43, pp. 1-240, pls. 1-38. Wenz, W. 1943. Gastropoda. in Schindewolf, O. H., ed., Handbuch der Paldozoolo- gie, vol. 6, pt. 6, pp. 1201-1505. Berlin. Wolfe, J. A., and Hopkins, D. M. 1967. Climatic changes recorded by land floras in northwestern North America. 11th Pac. Sci. Congr. Symp., Proc., vol. 25, pp. 67-76. Wrigley, A. 1935. English Eocene and Oligocene Cancellariidae. J. Paleontol., vol. 23, No. 5, pp. 453-464, pl. 78. PLATES EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1 Figure Page 1:4, Acmaeaivokesi mi Sp, .ccccccck..2.0 tee eee res cee ene ee 14 1, 3, 4. Holotype. Height 17 mm. USNM 251321. USGS 15280. 2. Paratype (fragment showing radial ornament). Height 17.2 mm. USNM 251322. USGS 15280. 5-9. Bathybembix columbiana (Dall) .0...........c ccc ccceesseeeeeeeteneee 16 5. Hypotype. Height 49.1 mm. DOGAMI PF 187. 6, 7. Hypo- type. Height 43 mm. USNM 251323. USGS 25025. 8. Hypo- type. Height 63 mm. USNM 251324. USGS 15308. 9. Hypo- type. Height 41.5 mm. USNM 251325. USGS 25024 (Willapa River Beds). PLATE 1 Vo. 78 Buti. AM. PALEONTOL., Buti. AM. PaLEonToL., Vou. 78 PLATE 2 PALEOGENE GAsTROPODS From Orecon: HICKMAN 91 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2 Figure Page Hee, Bathybembixa nitOr. 0) SP. <: Galeri = ee ee Eee Eixciliahe Cont od) Ree acre i ale oe ee Ele ‘Bivbentsonaz-neyepre re Bs ee ae ee Beadickersont (Weaver) = ee ee Elincolnensts, Weaver. a ee eee Bs pergraciis™ Conrad: es 2 ee Ee eeeeenae ExiioideasGranty 6 1Gialeiet oer son oe ee | ee 61 Bswhelseyz ii (I) alll) (eee ee ee extlipilexwSweltella 22 es Qiede ms) nn 11,12; 7a-7o F facula, PIV CHOSPTANK oe. SU Dees 10) ee eee fax, Galeodéa ee EE —————————eEe 43, 44 2Galeodéa (2s. ne eee 43 Rermimoscala ‘Dial 2. 2 eee 31 RGCOP Sts nee a be ee ey Picuse Roding.) 2s. 207 Wire $2860 Oe eee 49-50 ey gestert NVagner & Schilling EEE Eee Ramamnmillaine: Gabb 22 eee ee eee 152550 eeimodestaa (Conrad). ee ee ee eee ==50 | RTT Se I a aa a aS SP Pers Ae ets ne de 11, 49-50 UCTS VT OR oN ee re Eran Ces ean ee ee ee eee OSS 5 Fulgurofusus Grabau [ae ee eee Meee « Pee EY 5 ae 50-53 eeavenivaritea (i CKeT SOM) ees ee PMI TS GUuercollesm® (iahhIS\)) 2 ee ee ee 25 Be Serralus a Spt eo (MS SPOT EEE I 9, 11, 12, 51-53 F. washingtonianus (Weaver) _- eanne eee erence .\9 52 ams spon a8 Sees Bi ee ed ee eee HMI a (A 7 e 2 = eat A Aaa ( fullert- Briaclar hid seas speek ele a ee ee 578 Parsinws WRatines quest, Se 59-60 MARI CRA Ti. 38 pe ee Ot ee Eeamegazosensts) Clark &, VWWO0O0dtold, — 28 __60 Pevarealts” Vokes p22 a ok hl 60 Trg pee ee BEA oe Wa StrretG fim COSSIM aD My ca ee eee 9, 45, 46-48 “Sh Mcowliizensts: 4 Wieaviel) 9 ee ee a) CR? terrysmithae fh. sp. 6 ee eee FUSOT AOS NAST cy a ae ee 62 Faisus\ auctt) ee eee _ ee Fqiercollis® (lari) ce a ee 104 INDEX G GALL EAL SES OEE SSE ee ee ee ne ee 65 Galeodeaulcin kg eee ae ee ee ee ee 41, 43 GredallepDickerson estes eee nt et cee ee ee eee 43, 44 (Coe SATIS LECT gC WARN a IE Ee ee eS See Beer 43, 44 EXC FEE TIS EN a Le a a et a GalenwsmexGentrt cus. Ga bly ee ee ee ee ee 2533 Galvaniangbedss Wiashington ye ee eee 16,18 Grell vir ATV Stal © ye eee ee ee 6, 34, 37, 38, 39 (Ga Ota ge pn hee ee ee ee ee =f) Gemmula.rockcreekensts, Hickman —.1Q. ED BT Genmany, po) = ee ee rh WNTATUAS Sp ibings 73 HORI) ARR TIGS Sia aS eh PA SL i eee BS Soe el PE Gud ot, 50 Grey ismdlyal ktm oc n © Cur kaa pee ce ee ee eee e116 GOTUPOP GG Sm Gal ie ryt ee ee ee 43 Granta sy OUSSCAUM Cy ee ee eee 65-67 G. profundorum n. sp. —.———___ Gener rs er ak ae _11, 66-67 Creatphs rita ii ges eee ee we ere re ee ee ee Ee th alec! MIIGCCTELATEAUGIETIN DTS DLLO TELUL TIL se ee ea ee ee eee —26 Gries Ranch beds, Washington. 27, 31, 32, 36, 44, 67, 74 GUOCHIAILALCISMMIVIATG ATILCS yet en a ea ee eS See 20 CuliaCoastiohuwmited States pes ee ee =§5;,, 72 Gyrineum HONRENS OT C7EST Sas OMT ATT ge ee ee ee 45,46 ire ccatcl tm) Ur tial rege eee 46 H PETECETEAUS eT 17,0 Oph tea aren ee Fe a a RS, 19 Holcomb; beds}, Washington) = 10, 17, 19, 20, 21, 28, 29, 60, 78, 81 ROP Ti (OG EE SEE ES Dee alls ees tS Ee _80 hotsont, PTO IIL GS em ata BS as Fe es A 38 ER euitine ea Ae et eek gr aT se IP, GROEGE CRG) EE EES |S el ce ey eee 238 TALI AE A CISATTO ALES oe © RE SE Se ea pO RUIN, Pecan ses EES Mists Sy oes Noten rep a —_67 LTTE CROW CIOSITCINCUG) yuo tn AORN ee ee 28 I RID CHIGIUS MRIS CCUG ae ee ti Aline BES US 2216 impunctatus, Scaphander _.. py [see st CS cS ERS yey Pee es _11, 13, 81-83 Bra cl Oy ca Ch 1 Pap sc ee = i) RIRSETED SLAVE GT GET CUN nds 2an ot a ID ey ee —(¥/ ES EPO CEETTTRI TNS (117, SEE IS. ay ON En NS ED We eS ae | RSIQHANGI SIMI Une ee sien See 55 IG yg eC a ES O_O AD 67) J Qe Ss Ses oe aa eee ee eee __54 Beecsonense VATGOUIECINUN 2 Gl) ee Ee AS MAREDSDUEIISES, BG VTUMCUTD. 225 Mc a __45, 46 105 INDEX K Keasey Fm. LOWE TeSTET OT cry eee ce 5, 10, 17, 21, 28, 29, 36, 37, 38, 44, 49, 54, 57, 58, 60, 64, 65, 66, 67, 72, 75, 78, 79, 82 mild lememie mb cree eee 5, 15, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 34, 36, 37, 38, 40, 44, 49, 51, 54, 57, 60, 62, 64, 67, 69, 125. 74, 75, 80, 82, 83 lower middle member _...— ee OS ae upper middle member = eee 10, ia! 46, 47, 55 Upper yMemben. aa a ee eee 6, 13; 185195285 29536, 37, 38, "40, 44, 46, 49, 54, 58, 64, 69, 72, 75, 82 keaseyense, Epitonium (Boreoscala) _~ | aa tenet yer ene oe. 11, 12, 13, 27-28 keaseyensis, NTAGAUGO NR Ga ae yas pears i ea eee Ae ne 10, 75 MALT t Ctl | eae ie ee eee petits) | | jets meareneere rem e _11, 12, 80 DOE AILS | (7 EO. IA 7 NED: tna arn 11, 23-25 RelsonteaP xtltOtd cance sn a re 61 Pinca sGerinelin = 2. ee ee 46 ISO GOTLEA a Lal Cae ee eee Se 65 RUT OAGES EE CHIMO PN OTUs aan ee sia ee 45 L lewisi(Ci:),, Chvuloturris 2. 2 ee eee 10, 80 ignaria tBullas = eee si Emmecolni(Creek: Pm. —...-- NS 2724 56, 4 Sea lincolnensis, INGUNGQ) 2 ee EY ee eee 39 Oleguahta’ 2n 283 oe eee _49 xtliai eee ee Reo a ee) ee ee ee 62 ACA sis MINTO OTe Me ee ON oe Be es ee 41, 42, 43 WtsichReta OP tscher = 2.5.82 aS et ee eee 16 iederchmannae- Bayer 222-5. ee _16 Lunatia nuciformis Gabb _. Sie eee 37 M Miachaeroplax Friele’ (subgenus of Solartella) —.____.__ ~*~ ae 21-22 maculata’ (Solariellay << ua 2) ee oe es 2k 20 mammillatus, (BiCus! tone oe 2 me Ne ee _50 Margartia affins Friele. (ex Jeffreys) }2. 2 = = ee eee | Marngarites(Giay = 2 Se ie ee ee eee 9, 19-20 Mi (Margarites) chappelli Durham 2-2 ee 20 Mii(M.) groenlandicus (Gmelin) (= EEE _20 M. (M.) sericeus n. sp. Ds hk be al 18 M. (Pupillaria) pupillus Gould oe ee et te 20 MCPS) pear aoe eink oe / ae 20 Marginella Lamarck I adumbrata Andersonie Hannay 67 IM. ‘huling Vokes: = 22 eet Be ee 67) IM. tastabilaia- Wanna’ 2.8 6 28 i 67 MM. mulufdlosa Anderson & Hannay ee ee ee 67 M:.teglandae Durham: 2. 22> ie ee ee eee _67 marmoreus: Conus, = ee ee SS ee eee eee 18 mathewsorns; “Olivel lig ttc e 5 = 5 ore wan oy Cy et nl ail a ee aan ene GS Mantcassts» Rleminge +e se oe cee oe Dos tegen TN AOR 41, 42 Medrargo Smith #2455 5228 +o en pee ee oe reer ey ST An) 46 INDEX Wie an OSM CAS Culms = tee ee ee ee ee ee ee 60 AIRC QIAILG SCHLSESNePEUSLTHILS © == on ee ee Ne eee 60 megapex, Bonellitia (Admetula) ss ee eee ee 272 GEG TINIE GOST ES TE AY ELS A Ae ae a aa oe 37, TREN LCTILEMUEGILL GALTON LES 15) ecto ee Se ee 53 LEER EE Sf ESOT OG 9 SEN OE Na a a a eed ak DS 62 TILELY COPMCTALGTIN CL Eh ee em tec a Ee ED a ee EO 14 OOH OKIG TOES LS Lh re GS TR a ee a EI 50 CIVATGN/2 777 (CMe RUT e | eg Bn ee 56 monile, Comitas (Boreocomitas) Ss a atch 1 A ee: aL 12, 80 ROMAC Diy TRG ee SEE AS a EO EY at pe ee oe =32, TEC Uge AICO TIUDLOGQCILONLG a es me eS es ee a 9 multifilosa, Marginella eo aia Si a SES EE EY OBERT Nr pit OE 67 Murex Linnaeus DIRE Cr Gs MbUT TCU Soe ee es —A5 VISCO Laps eION TNT ACU Sete ee eS ae Oe Aa el SR sr hoe 59 HVIbaa | CGH Sh SUSVINA ACU Sy ee ee es ee ENE UES SL 49 Mireislandvcus Gm eline ese ce ee se ee ens caer ay 55 BYR ar U GE COLUS) NAGI a Ure eo I 53 AEDT ORDO S NETS A LE NTE EE SE PS LR ise) ye es coe oh 53 N IINTAIS S AGI Cl le pe ate ceo eee eee ene at en RR eg ree 58 Iincentaems eds, 0 tak ae ee | aa eT RADE Si SRE SRE, ST Oe 58 DNITEE GHAROCO AO bye tie ber ts ots Ae eat ee ge Pe ce eS 35-36 Iles GUC OCU IOUGG 2 ET) 1: eae ae eee ees Ores Gee GE area ey 36 IN RMUISECOLILET SES NN CAN CTs 2 20> wera res Ak cape Le Reg RO ld 39 NEM IECLCHIO Giz US (Gra Dy) foe, Be ce Sint? ble Sah Wn aor Aa 2 Pea 7) RUST LOIN StS. WV Ca Vier: eaters 9 i ea AE dle ae BE 39 N. (Natica) weaveri Tegland __ (, arate TP ee, Dee 2 Le ee TEE 1515 93)55138 Weal Mectonatica) weaver Vepland) 2202 2s ee Be 35 Wega peueavert. Veg lend: 5 eee eee 2 ii ees Be ee 35 ?N. (N.) cf. N. weaveri gerceland Re Ay ete Nhl en eee Oe See eS) Naticina obliqua Gabb - = Se ee ee a ee ee ee ee See ee |) Neadmete auctt. aE See a a et ee ee ee Ug Re ale tne wineries aS iMae ee Ss toe oe Ee ee a oe ee 5 i) CUCU DICE 1 FCG 4 10 Ct aaa ae eee ERNE, One yaLe De. Lee ee oe 23 Nemocardium weaveri (Anderson & Martin) __.............__- 8 Peat amecibella se DNACUS! oA eo ee ee ge eS. ree ees 35 I EEOLTTATE VSS CE SS ae SRT dl cad Le ak ae eater ee 39-40 N. (Neverita) washingtonensis QWieawier, ign ees Se (, DU ie, Site 2 ed ie areas 11, 13, 39-40 CECA ANG mee Stee See S i cS Let nee? eek ee 50 Niso Risso BS eS ee 2 N. polita Cabppene oes se ed et a 32 mor Rathybembix, 22 7 RRA OEMS i tee Mere Oo Poa 2 13,17 podif era. iT ULOSA TI | | eee a lb See Fare Oe ee 8, 10, 80 nodulosa, Acamptogenotia | |() eee aE Reet es. ee 9, 12, 80 PD PUL NGOMURCIAIESS SET GEO ose oO en 8 gl A 66 nuciformis, EUS Pt le la: SU IR oi os ew REI oh a ie Se 37 PGlinicesm (Es pia) as Ave. OS ee aie ee ae 37 IN IC OM La ree 0 eee al Ne a ee ie 317, Pe oe a ae ee EAE es Fe TY 37 INDEX Oo obligquaiNaticina 2 See eee eee eee OD ILE tT STi Gi eee eee ae: Ao Oe Oceidentis, ‘Sinum: 2-2 ee ee ee eee eee eee olequahensis; ‘Solarvella 2... es ee ee Eee eee Olequalia’ ‘Stewart: === ee eee —48-49 O. schenckt; Dutham) 2232 = 3, 6 ee ee O. washingtoniana (Stewart) - ws an Roo 2 ee eS 2 uli 49 O:clincoluvensiss Weaver’ 222 = es OEE 49 Olivella mathewsontGabbY 2222 ee eo eee Olympic*+Peninsula; 222 Se Se eee 18, 22, 46 A ONENESS AES NOE oregonensis, Comitas (Boreocomitas) _...... MQ ene 9, 12, 80 Bosiphonaita 28 ee ee eee eee ____44 Phanerolepida = ns ee ee eee es PB VUTEC i poe tae pempes teense on a ea | || om AeES RE Teunritellan een es a or et ees SE , eee 23, 24 Ojnataa(atts) ene 8 021) ——————————————E 2331 P packaral (ck), Lumrinosyring eee _12, 80 Parasyrinx Finlay iP delicaiaatisekman, 22 VO. eee IPispsHickmian: 22222 Eee TPES po SUNN a ee eee ei Patella chinensis Linnaeus potas ie ee pauciwaricata, Bonelhtiia (Admetula) eS eee — 2G DEG Tail iss Dati Cay msn ee en 61 Pers em Cave key en ee een ee PP corrugatum: Clark) 32 a. ee eee Ro piiisburgensis- Durham — eae eee Aa P sp. att, P: pitisburgensts: Durham 722022) oe Ve eee ee petrosa-Scaphander 2 = = EE —————EEE—E—EEEeeee 83 Phaltumplink= = 2 ee EE ——e———eeeeeee seeay |.) Pi(Echinephorta) dali (Dickerson), eee PhanerolepidasD alls. ee ee eee 22-23 PVoregomenstsWackman 2-222 5 et ee Petransennae( Watson) 222 eee 22 PitesbaresBlucelm) ile ae ls feven AS Gaviebo 0 ineek 8, 10, 13, 44, 57, 59 pittsburgensis, Cry plonatica tases Mae Ps ee ee nEs39) Perse (2. ae eee eee Bobo oi ee =259 ITE TLL LE feng Sete ee a ae eae _ ene renee ete eT =238 pitisburgensisCatt,) Perse cc I oo platacantha, Trophonopsis —.- Des sa ag Can Na : ase Se ae Pleuroliria de Gregorio P:bicarinata’ Pickmiamn’ 2 ee 12 P. oregonensis Hickman _ aes 1 Ee Polintces*Miontio rts kw 36-39 P.albws Montfort). 2520 336 Py kotsont’ Weaver ‘&° Palmer, 222-0 P. washingtonensis (Weaver) - wo pat le il P. (Euspira) clementensis (Hanna) - eee emer e sete eres ee es P. (E.) hotsont Weaver & Palmer i aR een eRe 9; 11 ae P: (E.) nwetformis. (Gabby): xine A 108 INDEX pa (Ea erectus er lands ———————eee 239 P. (E.?) clementensis (Hanna) —. Ay on sae wenn es A OOK TSG OMT 236-37 iPGPolinices) hotsony Weaver-& Palmer 22 5) See 2238 PGP) -avashingtonensts (Weaver). Se ee eee SOLE TCOMWIN GS 0 ate Ue 0 Salen hel career eye 2 So Sh ns BEE RS an kV, DOUCET ETESE GRE TUT FILE LLL peer ae eco bl sie he pols eee es AES 04 proanirsorn, GOLIGR = Y ee ee A Re AL, Bi Mego = PY) Priene H. & A. Adams __. pon fete eesti akan ene 4 00 Mes AS a ore eae 46 IBTESCOVILS IES CONTAC een aes eet ee Oe ER Re Ae ee __8, 60 Procerapex Hickman PP bentsonae (Durham), «2 QA Se UA A Se eisest profundorum, Granula — G eevee tenor Soe BSE 11, 66-67 Ptychosyrinx Thiele Pjaculias Hickman 228 FAO ete etree hve ee NN it Za et Pupvlaria Dall. (subgenus of Margarites)) 222) eee _20 DUDES IVAnGATitesme ae oo tees 2 ee ee eee =37() pyrgota, Bonellitia (Bonellitia) _— SREDAS AVE PEE Si Oe eS Pe Eee SY 9,71 Q GiLaritula ek CANCCILATIG tes See eee as Bel RR ECB 73 quercollis, POUGLRO OO eS ee eee eee J ITI! PS See ey oe eee Oe Re nee ee a ee ee ee ee 50 Quimper shims eee oe ee 22, 23, 46, 57 R PReamel aMleann aT CK 2 tet 2 Se in ee es he eee BAL _48 IRORCUASHETGE ONLATE CNV CAN Cee ee ee _48 Bectis Bholnices. (Buspita)) 2922. ea A mee 39 IGye le (Creag ee a ee ee L217 578 rockcreekensis, Gemmula ___---- a pee hs =a10784 SOG Rae SOV AT SL ee ES a Ee ee EL Pee Se mlovienunee bpiiomium, (Opalia)) 222 ee eee _28, 29 PERSUapo eo) alas Sel 2 yas ese a ee ee 9 s SCLUEECE CH ALS LIE COMED LILY UC TIDY C00 re ee ee re m7 GEIST ATILN CG aC ONT, A Cy ee ea ee a tk ee i] Scalina Conrad (subgenus of Amaea) _ Rit ED REAR ASS TR AN = FES SeriCReU SOE (Darbar) ee ae ens ae ee ee) CAD HCI Chm NION ELON Cae ee es ees eee ee ee ea 81-83 SPNCERIVCC TESTS: NG OICOUL ps o= oe aces Oe eS ee __83 Serta PIL Clatws Nos ps ee ee | Ne ee ee 11, 13, 81-83 S. petrosa (Conrad) - aan De XDA: SPP pee eee Esa SN : No, GERBER. ADE NET yearn ae =) | ee ee eee 11, 12, 81-83 SMEQUEESUNGLOTEN SIS! NVC aiVier eee ee ee gS schencki, OTIS. ps2 5 Rec SOLA ROOD, AN A DPE AN ES Ne RE 79 Epitontum “(boreascala) | (2) sg ee, 28-29: 30 Olequakiaht 2 eee Ss $5 sR Ne en) 2 Se See ABAD Semicassis Norch) == ae. Les bse ye eee eee iis ee be en EE J 42 mericeus, Margarites*(Margarttes) 22 9 SeErnaius, Fulgurojusis — 8 ee ae _9, 11, 12, 51-53 109 INDEX a Rodin ee ee a ee S. obliquum (Gabb) - Lome oe ee aa 13, 40 S. occidentis Weaver & Palmer ee smithwickensis, Bonellitia bal omeline) hi ES ee eee ts 9, 11, 68-71 Solanicidals Dial epee ite ae ie ee ek eee ae SalapiciiaaWocds aes ns nn ees __20-22 S. maculata Wood - Z ee ee ee S. (Machaeroplax) cicca n. Sam Sy eo. 10420 S. (M.) crescentensis Weaver Palmer 21 S) (Mi) olequahensts: Weavier.& Palmer —_-._._._. eee 2322 Spirancilla Vokes (subgenus of lads ae Wes nen me mer er LS, staminea, Scala __~ es Oe Sl stantont, Bonellitia (Admetula) - See a 73 stewarliwiScaphander: 2 || ne ee 11, 12, 81-83 SU (Stanford Winiviersityplocalityaresisters) 5 == 423579 SU H (Stanford University Holman locality register) 14, 17, 28, 29, 49 SU NP (Stanford University Northern Pacific locality register) - = 14, 17, 21, 28, 30, 60,62 SUPTC (Stanford University Paleontology Type Collection) - mens 28, 29 Swuecilag@ossmannye = 2 7 ee EEE Eee 8, 73-76 S. exiliplex n. sp. yi Ae a A D6 ee ee ee eee S. 2keaseyensis n. sp. ete ME ee 9. 2.) lee 10, 75 IS Rarer Sweet ees oe ee Ln 94, 2) 32 es eee 11, 76 T teglandae; Marginella. 2-2. Be eee 67 STG Maia t EIN ya oe ee ee ee 40, 73, 79, 80 “OIRCJON Stagei. «2 a ee ee 34, 37, 38, 39 LOT CUTONIGUT.U One et oR ee EE ee wx) terrysmithae, “Fusitriton’ — 6... os UR 12, 46, 47-48 tessellata, Acamptogenotia _____ | || rene ne eee 11, 13,38 Trachydolium dallt (Howe. 222 - =.) eee 43 transenna, iPhanerolepidd . 2-22. LE 22 00 ca ah a lg a aS ns pe ar 22 ritonwcancellatnsaltamarck 22-2 2 ee eee 46 trituberculatas PchinopRoriai. \VViatson, 2 <2 ee 22 tunbonata® Rathi be tny tec ess ee ee ee 7 Turcicula Dall T. colembranasDall 2-5 at ee ee ee 16 Tetmpertalise Wall, too ee ee eee 16 Ee S9) 3S ps ViOK 6S veers: at yee ee ee 18 Turricula Schumacher ie enertiay Hickman) 22342 1 One 12, 80 T. keaseyensis Hickman ....... i ee ee 11, 12, 80 INDEX ss TrIGaeAsSOClatlOne 226 = trees nee ee eee 8 Turrinosyrinx Hickman ee nodiiera nickmany MQ bse ee ee pe RE IONS pact wivcpackaral (Weaver) eS ee 12, 80 WN TEH ate el ee lea Ti al TC Keer eee et eee See ee eee 23-25 TER CASEY EI SUS Tin Sse cient ee PS sos A ON 11, 23-26 T. oregonensis (Conrad) fateh seh Re btu sen ahh ln NAO et AS 23, 24 ipiescurgens:s Moore 22 24 TEED ONLENETISIS® VVICAV CT) ees arn, See en ee ee 24 euvasana- Merriam] ===) oes A eee 25 U LCC SMBLGEL S 1 TE4L Gea a cP ed es AO ae eee Sere SS ee 60 UCMP (University of California at Berkeley Museum of Paleontology Type Collection and locality register) —_. 14, 17, 19, 20, 28; 29, 60, 75, 79, 81 “molicatas sAdmelten == see Je Acer poe nse ans Se PEM We ee 77 USGS (United States Geological Survey, Washington, Cenozoic locality register) 14, 15,17-19, 21-24, 27-29,31, 32,34-41, 44, 46,47, 49-51, 53-60, 62, 64-67, 71, 72, 74-77, 79, 80, 82, 83 USGS M (United States Geological Survey, Menlo Park, Cenozoic locallityaererister) ss 14, 17, 19, 21, 24, 37, 38, 44, 49, 54, 64, 71, 72 USNM (United States National Museum of Natural History Type Collecicn) 14, 15, 17-19, 21, 22, 24, 27-29, 31, 32, 34, 36-41, 44, 46, 47, 49-51,53-60, 62, 64-66, 69, 71, 72, 74-77, 79, 80, 82, 83 REGIE CUTLCEMMMT GEL TALC LU Cl ghee eee a ne ek ae a ee 25 OE 8 CAYO VAS S Ga LITA Ce ae ee Nt EN Se et 467 Vv SLI ECL CULO TE SEG TR EO TELE S ea ak ee Oi ea 79 vernisa, Ancilla (Spirancilla) a itor ne weed ele eer Deere SS 10, 65 vernoniana, Conomitra ___ Ne oie aes Ap mire Ie, Cena eae 9, 11, 63-64 Bee PE USN NICH ELE wae eae nek ee a gL A et 335 vokesi, PA CTUG Cy ke 8 oe Oe 7 SA AE ee PE, PD ee 14 iBruclankias (22s Be nee MAO 7 SEES Tans Pek eee ae 11, 12, 57-58 WwW "yc T DP ES le 8,9, 10, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 36, 38, 39, 43, 44, 45, 46, 49, 52, 57, 58, 60, 62, 67, 73, 74, 78, 79, 81 washingtonensis, ELLE oy | Ss A OS a ae RE De a Pe 39 Neverita (Neverita) (ee a et ee ine 13, 39 OE ECE Se eaten tettah ian ses ae ae Es 39 AME (ERIE LETELCCS)) op tech tee aro eT ma ess se Re ke 39 ENGL CTE CL C1 meee ala, as i 83 washingtoniana, BS IL ETE DY eer en et ee eA SEA PE ee ee RL Se ee i7 (HEIGL ES as Ie ey EY EE LLNS Oe ST aE 48 Conomitra = 3 eT acted ee ae ee nd a Ba, ee 9, 64 OMG LED EY, to ea NN, __ Nn 2 Od Se SN BR 48, 49 FIR CUTEC LU Cle eee RR a ere ae ee Se Sse EN Ln de 48 INDEX washingtonianus, CalypitGea 2 mee Ee le Oe 33 OTERO EL 2 eee ee |.” Renee lew ee 9, 52 weaveri, Wahi Car(NG@Uca) 2 eo Rs ak es ee No(tectonatica) =. 2 22 t= ee NETO COTO IUT ie pe se A oe 33 QUGILO NDNA O NUNC eee ee ee (Ra ES ee _8, 10, 19, 60, 78-79 Willapa River, Holcomb, Washington ________10, 17, 19, 20, 21, 28, 29, 60, 78, 81 wyattdurhami, Epitonium (Boreoscala) 3 : a i 29-30 112 PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPTS Bulletins of American Paleontology currently comprises from four to six separate monographs in two volumes each year. 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A. 607-273-6623 BOLE INS Oe AMERICAN PAEEBONITOLOGY (Founded 1895) Vol. 78 No. 311 FOSSIL LEPADOMORPH, BRACHYLEPADOMORPH, AND VERRUCOMORPH BARNACLES (CIRRIPEDIA) OF THE AMERICAS By Norman E. WEIsBorD December 19, 1980 Paleontological Research Institution Ithaca, New York 14850 U.S.A; Library of Congress Card Number: 80-85102 Printed in the United States of America Arnold Printing Corporation Ithaca, NY 14850 USA CONTENTS Page Abstract == pe ee ee ally) ERO UGE OMe ee re eee 17 MEISE ROLE SD CCIC See 118 Localities and Collections in Mississippi and Alabama, U.S.A. —...___ 122 Abbreviations of Repository Institutions: —=— == 124 Description of Species NACE ee ee eee 125 FA POTOlC) AS 127 AIG CIRC OLE Pk Same arse es ee ee 128 VAG-COS CAP CLIT: eae ee 129 CalantiCa te ee ee es ee ee Se 146 Creniscalpellusmn: see Ieee one ee ees 149 DET GAG NALD EL eee De a eee 156 WAG GUSCAID Cll te rie ee ee ee ae ea ee ae ee 161 Leu gimatolepas) ne ee ee ee ee 166 Stramentum) 22 ee ee 170 GCG a 176 WiC has

<10. 10. Paratype, scutum (LSUGM 7185), X10. 11. Paratype, tergum (LSUGM 7187), X10. 12. Paratype, lower latus (LSUGM 7191), X10. 13. Paratype, lower latus (LSUGM 7190), x10. All figs. from Cheetham, 1963. Archaeolepas strobila Gerhardt ..............:cccccccccsesesssecssscescssssseeecees 14. Holotype [GIUS, cat. No. unknown], x5. 15. Impression of exterior of Gerhardt’s original specimen, <5. 16. Impression of paratype [GIUS, cat. No. unknown], <5. Fig. 14 from Ger- hardt, 1897; figs. 15, 16 from Withers, 1935. Butt. Am. PaLEonTOL., VOL. 78 PLATE 11 PLaTE 12 Bui. AM. PALEONTOL., VoL. 78 Figure 14. 5-11. 12-15. 16-19. Fossit BARNACLES: WEISBORD EXPLANATION OF PLATE 12 Arcoscalpellum bakeri Collims ...............cccccccsssssesessssseesssesenssessees 1-3. Holotype, carina (BMNH 64446), exterior, lateral, and in- terior views, length 22.1 mm, greatest width 5.5 mm. 4. Para- type, right tergum (BMNH 64449), length 11.5 mm, greatest width 6.25 mm, exterior view. All figs. from Collins, 1973. Arcoscalpellum campus Collins .................c:cccsssssscesesscssssessenssseeoes 5-6. Holotype, carina (BMNH 64452), exterior and lateral views, length 19.5 mm, width at basal angles 3 mm. 7-8. Para- type, left scutum (MSU 1328), exterior and interior views, length 11.25 mm, greatest width 5.5 mm. 9. Paratype, left tergum (MSU 1329), exterior view, X4. 10-11. Paratype, right carinal latus (BMNH 64453), exterior and interior views, <4. All figs. from Collins, 1973. Arcoscalpellum (?) choctawensis Weisbord .....................ssss00000+- 12-13. Holotype, scutum (PRI 8210), exterior and interior views, length 13.8 mm, width 7 mm. 14-15. Paratype, tergum (PRI 8211), exterior and interior views, length 18 mm, width 11.75 mm. All figs. from Weisbord, 1977a. Arcoscalpellum conradi (Gabb) .............ccecesseeeesssseeseesessesssssvseees 16-17. Lectotype, carina (ANSP 4655), exterior and lateral views, X2. 18-19. Lectotype, left scutum (ANSP 4655), exterior and interior views, <2. All figs. from Withers, 1935. 191 192 Figure BULLETIN 311 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 13 1-2. Arcoscalpellum habanense WithePs ............cccssccesssssesecesseeseeeeees Holotype, carina (BMNH 37353), exterior and lateral views, Incomplete length 21.2 mm, width 8 mm. Both figs. from Withers, 1953. 3-14. Arcoscalpellum hubrichti Collins .0....... ee ecssecesccceesteseeteserees 3-5. Holotype, carina (PRI 6072), exterior, lateral, and interior views, <2. 6-7. Paratype. right scutum (BMNH 64436), exterior and interior views, <2. 8. Paratype, left scutum (MSU 1325), exterior view, X2. 9. Paratype, upper right latus (MSU 1359), exterior view, X2. 10. Paratype, upper left latus (BMNH 64443), exterior view, X2. 11. Paratype, right tergum (PRI 6074), exterior view, X2. 12-13. Paratype, carinal right latus (BMNH 64441), exterior and interior views, X2. 14. Paratype, carinal left latus (BMNH 64442), exterior view, <2. All figs. from Collins, 1973. 15-21. Arcoscalpellum jacksonense Withers .0.0..........ccccccesecceseecceeeeeees 15. Holotype, young carina (GSA [Cat. No. not given]), ex- terior view, X3. 16-17. Left scutum (GSA [Cat. No. not given]), exterior and interior views, X2. 18-19. Right tergum (GSA [Cat. No. not given]), exterior and interior views, X2. 20. Upper right latus (GSA [Cat. No. not given]), exterior view, <4. 21. Carinal right latus (GSA [Cat. No. not given]), exterior view, <4. All figs. from Withers, 1953. 22-29. Arcoscalpellum palmeri Withers ...............ccccsessccccseessseesesseeesessees 22-23. Holotype, carina (BMNH 37375), basal two-thirds, ex- terior and lateral views, length 16.7 mm, width across base 3 mm. 24-25. Left tergum (BMNH 37369), exterior and interior views, length 25.3 mm, greatest width 11 mm. 26-27. Left scutum, young, (BMNH 37378), exterior and interior views, length 16.3 mm, width across base 3.3 mm. 28. Left upper latus (BMNH 37380), exterior view, length 8.8 mm, width 6.6 mm between lateral angles. 29. Right rostral latus (BMNH 37374), exterior view, 8 mm X 1.5 mm. All figs. from Withers, 1953. PuaTe 13 Vor. 78 Buti. Am. PALEONTOL., PLaTE 14 Vout. 78 Buti. AM. PALEONTOL., Figure Fosstt BARNACLES: WEISBORD EXPLANATION OF PLATE 14 193 Page 1-2. Arcoscalpellum principeanuM, N. SP. ............ssscccsssssesesssreseeseers 139 Holotype, basal part of carina, (BMNH 37354), exterior and interior views, <2. Both figs. from Withers, 1953, 3-13. Arcoscalpellum sanchezi Withers ................:ccccsssscesssssesssesssreeseees 3. Holotype, incomplete capitulum (BMNH 25996), right lateral view, 36 mm X 25 mm. 4. Left tergum (BMNH 37347), interior view, 17 mm X 12 mm. 5. Right scutum (BMNH 37346), in- terior view, 23.3 mm X 10.6 mm. 6-7. Carina (BMNH 26002), exterior view, and transverse section, 32 mm X 9.6 mm. 8-9. Carina (BMNH 37343), lateral and interior views, X1.5. 10. Left upper latus (BMNH 37350), exterior view, 8 mm X 7.5 mm. 11. Rostral latus (BMNH 37351), exterior view, 13.3 mm xX 4.6 mm. 12. Inframedian latus (BMNH 25999), exterior view, 7.3 mm X 3.5 mm. 13. Carinal latus (BMNH 25996), ex- terior view, 12 mm X 8.3 mm. All figs. from Withers, 1953. 14-20. Arcoscalpellum subquadratum (Meyer and Aldrich) ................ 14 (25). Holotype, carina (dimensions not given) Wautubbee, Mississippi. 15-16. Lectotype, carina, basal half, exterior views, x2, Wautubbee, Mississippi. 17. Carina (PRI 3413), exterior view, length 24.15 mm, width 2.25 mm at base, Orangeburg, South Carolina. 18-19. Right scutum (GSA [Cat. No. not given]), exterior and interior views, X2, Claiborne, Alabama. 20. Right upper latus (BEGUT [Cat No. not given]), exterior view, <4, Claiborne Bluff, Alabama. Fig. 14 from Meyer and Aldrich, 1886; figs. 15-20 from Withers, 1953. 21-24. Arcoscalpellum toulmini WeisSbord .0................ccccesssseeeeseesceesseees 21-22. Holotype, left scutum (PRI 8212), exterior and interior views, 12 mm X 7.1 mm. 23-24, Paratype, right tergum (PRI 8214), exterior and interior views, 10.75 mm X 6 mm. All figs. from Weisbord, 1977a. 194 BULLETIN 311 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 15 Figure 1-10. Arcoscalpellum withersi Collims .00.........cc eee eeessccceesseeeeeetsrecenenees 1-3. Holotype, carina (BMNH 64556), exterior, lateral and in- terior views, X2. 4. Paratype, left tergum (MSU 1425), exterior view, X2. 5-6. Paratype, right scutum (MSU 1331), exterior and interior views, X2. 7. Paratype, right upper latus (BMNH 64462), exterior view, X4. 8-9. Paratype, right carinal latus (BMNH 64461), exterior and interior views, X4. 10. Paratype, right rostral latus (BMNH 64455), exterior view, <4. All figs. from Collins, 1973. 11. Calantica (Titanolepas) martini Withers ....................ccccssseeeeees Holotype, capitulum (BMNH 21941), exterior view, almost complete with displaced plates of peduncle below, Approximate measurements 5.5 mm X 4.5 mm. From Withers, 1935. 12-15. Calantica? saskatchewanensis Russell ..................:ccccssccecseeeeneees 12. Holotype, right scutum (ROMIP 28151), exterior view, length 30.6 mm, greatest width 9.7 mm. 13. Paratype, right scutum (ROMIP 28153), interior view, X2. 14. Carina (?), (ROMIP 28154), interior view, <3. 15. Supposed carinal latus (ROMIP 28158), exterior view, <3. All figs. from Russell, 1967. Buti. Am. PALEonTOL., VOL. 78 Puate 15 Buti. Am. PALEONTOL., VoL. 78 PLATE 16 10-13. 14-18. Fossit BARNACLES: WEISBORD 195 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 16 Cretiscalpellum aptiensis antarcticum Taylor ...............cc0:e0000 149 1. Plastoholotype, scutum (KG 3.142), exterior view, 7. 2. Plastoholotype, terga (KG 11.29), 2.5. Both figs. from Taylor, 1965. Cretiscalpellum harnedi Collims .0................ccccssssseessseesssceeseeesneees 150 3-5. Holotype, carina (BMNH 64421), lateral, exterior, and interior views, length 11 mm, greatest width 5.75 mm. 6-7. Para- type, right tergum (BMNH 64422), exterior and interior views, <4. 8-9. Paratype, right scutum (BMNH 64420), exterior and interior views, X4. All figs. from Collins, 1973. Cretiscalpellum macrum Collins ...............ccccccccsssssssssssecssssssnseeess 151 10. Holotype, carina (BMNH 64414), exterior view, 8.2 mm xX 3.5 mm. 11. Paratype, left tergum (BMNH 64417), exterior view, 11 mm X 5.5 mm. 12. Paratype, right tergum (BMNH 64416), exterior view, X6. 13. Paratype, right scutum (BMNH 64415), exterior view, 5.75 mm X 4 mm. All figs. from Collins, UO 73: Cretiscalpellum vailum Collins ....... i.e eceeeeccscesscsesesssessesseseesees 152 14-16. Holotype, carina (BMNH 64423). 14-15. Exterior and lateral views, 18 mm X 5.5 mm. 16. Transverse section. 17. Paratype, left tergum (MSU 1318), exterior view, 10.5 mm xX 5 mm. 18. Paratype, left scutum (MSU 1317), exterior view, 8.25 mm X 5.75 mm. All figs. from Collins, 1973. 196 Figure 1-8. 9-12. 13-14. 15-22. 23-24. BULLETIN 311 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 17 Cretiscalpellum vallum Collins ou... eee ssecsesseeesesctesesereesssceessens 1. Paratype, upper latus (MSU 1319), exterior view, height 6.5 mm, width across base 7 mm. 2. Paratype, carinal left latus (BMNH 64433), exterior view, 5.4 mm X 8.2 mm. 3. Paratype, right subcarinal latus (BMNH 64430), exterior view, 6 mm X 6 mm. 4-5. Paratype, subcarina (BMNH 64424), exterior and interior views, 10 mm X 5.1 mm. 6. Paratype, subrostrum (BMNH 64483), exterior view, height 4 mm, width 6.25 mm. 7. Paratype, left rostral latus (BMNH 64429), exterior view, height 7.25 mm, width 8 mm. 8. Paratype, inframedian latus (BMNH 64431), exterior view, height 3.5 mm, width 4.5 mm. All figs. from Collins, 1973. Cretiscalpellum venustum Collins .............cccccccesceccceceeteeeeeeeseeeeeee 9-10. Holotype, carina (BMNH 64418), exterior and lateral views, 8.25 mm X 2.5 mm. 11. Carina (MSU 1313), transverse section at apex, <8. 12. Paratype, left tergum (BMNH 64419), exterior view, X2. All figs. from Collins, 1973. Euscalpellum antarcticum Wither .............ccccccssccsssceetseesereceeees Holotype, peduncle (BMNH 43813), exterior and interior views showing shape of plates, 44.5 mm X 23.7 mm. Both figs. from Withers, 1951. Euscalpellum cojimaricum Withers ..............cccccccesscscesseesseceeeeeee 15-16. Holotype, right scutum (BMNH 37364), exterior and in- terior views, 14.3 mm X 6 mm. 17-18. Carina, (BMNH 37363), exterior and lateral views, 16.7 mm X 3.3 mm. 19. Right tergum, (BMNH 37365), exterior view, 19.7 mm X 6.2 mm. 20. Right tergum, BMNH 37366), interior view, X2. 21. Upper left latus, (BMNH 37368), exterior view, 8.2 mm X 5.5 mm. 22. Capitu- lum (reconstruction), exterior view, X1.5. All figs. from Withers, 1953. Euscalpellum eocenense (Meyer) ...0........cccsscccsessesesscscseessessceceeseeee 23. a. Holotype, carina. a’, a”, a’”, vertical sections of this carina. b, b’, c, c’, lateralia of same species? (scale as originally published). 24. Capitulum, (reconstruction), X2/3. Fig. 23 from Meyer, 1885; fig. 24 from Withers, 1953. PLaTE 17 Bu i. Am. PaLEonrto.., Vou. 78 PLaTE 18 Buti. Am. PaLeonTOoL., VoL. 78 Fossit BARNACLES: WEISBORD 197 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 18 Figure Page 1. Scalpellum chamberlaini Pilsbry [= Euscalpellum eocenense CRG VOTS Ee asesssect teccese cance. casccees tevecceextcscessnctsssndessece ui cecescadvenstceeecnssene 158 Holotype, left tergum (ANSP 8497), exterior view, 3 mi NE of Alto, Texas, middle Eocene; length along occludent margin 14 mm, length apex to basal angle 22 mm. From Pilsbry, 1897. 2-12. Euscalpellum eocenense (Meyer) ...............:scccsssscsssscessssssssesseessees 158 2. Right tergum (BMNH 37775-6), exterior view, 2, Wautub- bee, Mississippi, 11.5 mm X 6.5 mm 3. Right scutum (BMNH 37780), exterior view, X2, Wautubbee, Mississippi, 22 mm X 10.75 mm. 4. Carina (BMNH 32536), lateral view, X2, Wau- tubbee, Mississippi, length 21 mm, width across middle 3.25 mm. 5. Rostrum (BMNH 37781), exterior (apical) view, X2 [original illustration of Meyer, 1885, p. 70, figs. c, c’]. 6-8. Rostrum (BEGUT, cat. No. unknown), exterior, interior and lateral views, X2, Claiborne Bluff, Alabama, Lisbon Fm. 9. Upper latus (BMNH 37368), exterior view, <4, Claiborne Gp., Claiborne Bluff, Alabama, middle Eocene. 10-12. Peduncle, Wautubbee, Mississippi. (10. Portion of peduncle (BEGUT, cat. No. unknown), exterior view, X2. 11-12. Peduncular plates (BEGUT, cat. Nos. unknown), exterior views, <4.) All figs. and designations of plates from Withers, 1951, 1953. 13. Euscalpellum crassissimum Withers ..............c:cssssscsssssssssssssensees 157 Holotype (PRI 3412), lateral view, x1. From Withers, 1953. 1417. Euscalpellum isneyensis Weisbord. ...............cccsccsccscessscsssesssnnees 160 14-15. Holotype, scutum (PRI 8205), interior and exterior views, 15.5 mm X 6.25 mm. 16-17. Paratype, tergum (PRI 8207), interior and exterior views, 16 mm xX 8 mm. All figs. from Weisbord, 1977a. 198 Figure BULLETIN 311 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 19 1-8. Euscalpellum ? latunculus Cheetham .0...... cee ceescecteeeeeeseeeees 1. Holotype, carina (LSUGM 7192), exterior view, X 12. 2. Paratype, carina (LSUGM 7194), lateral view, 3.9 mm X 0.8 mm. 3. Paratype, scutum (LSUGM 7195), exterior view, X12. 4. Paratype, tergum (LSUGM 7196), exterior view, X12. 5. Paratype, carinal latus (LSUGM 7198), exterior view, X12. 6. Paratype, upper latus (LSUGM 7197), exterior view, X12. 7. Paratype, rostrum (LSUGM 7200), exterior view, X12. 8. Paratype, rostral latus (LSUGM 7199), exterior view, X12. All figs. from Cheetham, 1963. 9. Virgiscalpellum euglyptum Pilsbry and Olsson .............:cceccees Holotype, right scutum (ANSP 18942), exterior view, greatly enlarged, but exact magnification unknown. From Pilsbry and Olsson, 1951. 10-12. Virgiscalpellum gabbi apertus Collins ...............cccccccccssecceeeeeecees 13-21. Holotype, carina (BMNH 64478), exterior, lateral, and interior views, 18.5 mm X 5 mm. All figs. from Collins, 1973. Virgiscalpellum gabbi gabbi (PilSDIy) ...............ccccccesssececeeeseeeeees 13-14. Holotype, carina (USNM 73114), [turned to show apical area on top] exterior and interior views, X3. 15-16. Paratype, right upper latus (USNM 73114), exterior and interior views, <3. 17-18. Paratype, right scutum (BMNH 64467), exterior and interior views, X2. 19. Left tergum (BMNH 64467), exterior view, <2. 20. Paratype, left rostral latus (MSU 1337), exterior view, X4. 21. Paratype, right carinal latus (BMNH 64473), interior view, X4. Figs. 13-16 from Wade, 1926; figs. 17-21 from Collins, 1973. 22,23. Virgiscalpellum heteroplax Pilsbry and OJSSON ...........ccccceeeeeee Holotype, right scutum (ANSP 18943), interior and exterior views. greatly enlarged, but exact magnification unknown. From Pilsbry and Olsson, 1951. Buti. Am. PALEoNnTOL., VoL. 78 PLATE 19 Pate 20 Buty. Am. PaLeonTot., Vor. 78 Figure 1, 2. 10. If. Fossit BARNACLES: WEISBORD EXPLANATION OF PLATE 20 Virgiscalpellum paitense (Pilsbry and Olsson) .................000+ 1. Holotype, left scutum (ANSP 18941), exterior and interior views, approx. length 7 mm. 2. Carina of young specimen [repository and cat. No. unknown], lateral exterior view, approx. length 2.2 mm. Both figs. from Pilsbry and Olsson, 1951. Virgiscalpellum, Sp; Collins ¢. .cccc...c:cccccsosecescsssssescesshansenesacsssoscassevses Holotype, right scutum (BMNH 64476), exterior view, 10.4 mm xX 2.7 mm. From Collins, 1973. Wirgiscalpellum: SD. -CONNMNS 5c c.cscescsccocccesdsusscataceeosstesccsenosucccessvocnees Holotype, left teregum (BMNH 64477), exterior view, 15.3 mm x< 5.75 mm. From Collins, 1973. Zeugmatolepas broggii Pilsbry and OISSOM ...............::0ccccceeeeseeee 5-6. Holotype, scutum (ANSP 18936), interior and exterior views, approx. length 8 mm. 7. Carina doubtfully assigned to Z. broggii [repository and cat. No. unknown], exterior view, enlarged [X ?]. 8-9. Opposing tergal valves, probably Z. brog- gii [repository and cat. No. unknown], exterior views, enlarged [xX ?]. All figs. from Pilsbry and Olsson, 1951. Zeugmatolepas georgiensis Withers ...............ccsccccseesesessssceessees Holotype, incomplete capitulum (SMF 328), X4. Of the three large plates, the left is a tergum (6.5 mm X 4.2 mm), the mid- dle and right (5.6 mm X 2.5 mm) are scuta. Directly below the right scutum is the rostrum (length 2.3 mm). Both of the small plates are lower lateralia (2.3 mm). From Wilckens, 1947. Zeugmatolepas ischna Pilsbry and OISSOM ...............s0ssseeessssesssees Holotype, left scutum (ANSP 18940), exterior and interior views, length 2.5 mm. From. Pilsbry and Olsson, 1951. 199 200 Figure Ie PAs 3-6. 7-9. 10, 11. BuLLeETIN 311 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 21 Zeugmatolepas rectibasis Pilsbry and OISSOM ..............cceccceeeeee Holotype, scutum (ANSP 18938), exterior and interior views, length 2.5 mm. Both figs. from Pilsbry and Olsson, 1951. Zeugmatolepas withersi Pilsbry and OISSON ...............eceeceeeeeee 3-4. Holotype, scutum (ANSP 18939), interior and exterior views, length 2.8 mm. 5. Tergum [repository and cat No. un- known], exterior view, length 2.3 mm. 6. Rostrum [repository and cat. No. unknown], exterior view, 1.6 mm X 0.9 mm. All figs. from Pilsbry and Olsson, 1951. Stramentum canadensis (Whiteaves) ...........ccsccscceseecseceeacererens 7, 8. Holotype (GSC 5070), South Duck River, Canada. 7(4a), X1. 7(4), X3. 8. Left lateral view, X6. 9. Hypotype (KU 111584), right lateral view, Pfeifer Shale, Kansas, X10. Fig. 7 from Whiteaves, 1889; figs. 8, 9 from Hattin, 1977. Stramentum elegans Hattin ....0.........ccescccsscccecseccessccetscceeeeeeceeeeees 10. Holotype (KU 111520), right lateral view, Fairport Chalk, Kansas, length 38.3 mm, maximum width 19.8 mm. 11. Paratype (juvenile) (KU 111522), left lateral view, Hodgeman County, Kansas, <8. Both figs. from Hattin, 1977. Buti. Am. PaLeonTot., Vor. 78 PLaTE 21 PLATE 22 Butt. Am. PALEONTOL., VoL. 78 Fossit BARNACLES: WEISBORD 201 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 22 1. Stramentum haworthi (Williston) .0...... ee eeeeeeesseseseeeeeeneees 173 Holotype (KU 8323), right lateral view, <4. From Hattin, 1977. 2-4; “Stramentum moored) Hater oii ea iiscscke cece aesescecarsconcvonensses 174 2. Holotype (KU 111588), left lateral view, <8. 3. Paratype (KU 111600), right lateral view, X6. 4. Paratype (KU 111594), left lateral view, 6. All figs. from Hattin, 1977. 5. Stramentum fexanum (WitheTS) ...........ccccsccscscceccsssesssecsssseseses 175 Holotype (BEGUT 2500), exterior view, X6. Approx. overall length 8.5 mm; peduncle length 6 mm, maximum width 5.3 mm. From Withers, 1946. GSP SQUAIMMASPISSA TOGA ec ccccccsssccssccccccoceccscssosceessessesacsccesesessasceesosesss 176 6. Holotype, left lateral view. 7. Holotype of Squama lata Logan, left lateral view. 8. Capitular plates not definitely ascribed to either S. /ata or S. spissa by Logan. [repository, cat. No., and magnification unknewn for all three figs.] All figs. from Logan, 1898. 9,10. Lepas (Lepas) stenzeli Withers. ................ccccsessccsssssecesssecessseeeens ivig! Holotype (BEGUT Loc. 11-T-2), right scutum, exterior and in- terior views, <4. From Withers, 1953. 202 8, 9. LO Pit. 12, 13. 14-16. BULLETIN 311 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 23 Page Lepas (Dosima) latiscutis Zullo: ..c.cc..0...cccccsccacoscecasssccevereneeescsvsuctes 178 Holotype, scutum (LACM Loc. 209), exterior view, width across base 11 mm. From Zullo, 1973. Eepas (Eepas) Sp. Zullo. .....2.....5ccctectecccocsacescssscansaesssoveeneetectenteeesees 179 2. Partial carina, length 8 mm. 3. Scutum?, height 14 mm. Both from LACM Loc. 209. [repository and cat. No. unknown for figs. 2, 3.] Both figs. from Zullo, 1973. eas SD eZ WO? sinsecesccccnccosesacacevesesesaacedetsnccnteatens oes subouseoddsecteasnereeeeee 179 Holotype, scutum (LACM 1196), interior and exterior views, height 4 mm. Both figs. from Zullo, 1969. Eepas injudicata Pilsbry <..ccc...civc.c--<.scs--0c-ccesooes-cv-ceautsaseecnnermoenanenees 180 [= the bivalve Lirophora mactropsis (Conrad) ] Holotype (USNM 32448), exterior view, [turned to show hinge on top], is not a cirriped but a pelecypod [scale unknown]. From Pilsbry, 1919. Carina einer Lepadide? Me@yer (2h secssccnsaeccctooccseeeesee eee 180 Holotype [repository and cat. No. unknown], carina (11,11a, 11b), exterior and lateral views, and cross-section, length ap- preximately 3.5 mm. From Meyer, 1887. Trilasmis (Poecilasma) cubense Wither ..............:cccseessseseeseeees 181 8. Holotype, left tergum (BMNH 37356), exterior view, 3.1 mm x 1.3 mm. 9. Paratype, apical part of right scutum (BMNH 37355), exterior view, 2.75 mm X 2 mm. Both figs. from Withers, 1953. Verrucaialaskana PilsDry......ccdsceciccceernsecatsacectesersocnsncectne neeseseuaeeettee 182 Paratype, rostrum (USNM 499109), interior and exterior views, <6. Both figs. from MacNeil, Mertie, and Pilsbry, 1943. Verruca rocana Steinmann... \sccsccccscscecscoveaceusssseceacsctceseeteeeteeaien 183 12. Holotype [GIF coll., cat. No. unknown] a group of shells on Ostrea, fide Withers, 1935. 13. Drawing of complete speci- men, after Steinmann, X10 (4 mm X 3 mm). Both figs. from Wilckens, 1921. Brachylepas angulosa Collins .0.0.......cccccccsssccessecceseceessecesseceeseeees 184 Holotype, rostrum (BMNH 64479), exterior, lateral, and in- terior views, X4. (4 mm xX 3 mm). AIl figs. from Collins, 1973. PLATE 23 Vor. 78 > Buti. Am. PALEONTOL. INDEX NUMBER 311 NOTE: Page numbers in light face; plate numbers in bold face type. A ACH (Florida State University, Toulmin collection) —---.-----.---...--- 124, 132 Alabama IButlerm © ose ee nee ee ee eee 119, 144 HCE a va CGN a i a ne meena: dard 119, 120, 132, 160 Claiborn eg ee ee eee —120, 159; 193 Clankel Coy 22 A so eS eee 119, 128, 160 (Grin (Cay Se ee eee 119, 120, 123, 124, 135, 152, 155 WGI yates ee ee 128 NWO D te geeesss ee eet ee ee ee ee =1Z6 VIO MT OCR COs reese ne ee ee 128, 143, 144, 160 INew tone C Ones ee eee eee ee __160 Sumter) Co, = a ee a ee eee se a LN 124, 154 las ates ee it ii eal gree mera ae et tl AR a lsl7/ INNO TTC yas ree ama oe oe ee ee 121, 182 Ainghone, VORTICR ai Se 7 Fs yo eee SI A IY, IGE americana, CAP OTON OLAS ym ee es ee I ee eS SPO, CRUG ITU CEL O VCD 2 Spe Sees nee Re St eS FS ee ee 2127 ORO ORO NANG Bae Ee i peat Sette, RS () angulosa, Brachylepas — 23 i a ees 109 1840202 JAPON OS AVEY LENT IBEW Con 50 a a ee 122, 123, 154, 165 LIES CULCT COWLES en ata ee Mr ee er See eee ee “179 ANSP (Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, collections) _______124, 161, 163, 164, 166, 168, 169, 191, 197- 200 PANT tar C61 Cellet rae ee ee eee aS ee ene ee, (G ryeal barca rege ea ecg re 120, 156 Mount At. Clea es ee eee ee 119, 149 antarcticum, Euscalpellum — | 7 (eset Oi sen reesei heres aed ee 120, 156, 196 LUDO CGI ee Eee A 118 americana (Withers) 2 = 11. phere ghvecciunme eertete (0), 127, 190 hower Cheetham) =. BY, i |ioeek EL a sang ere Meee 119, 128, 190 VCCUIU GLC m (Es Ctl: TG) eer nee aE oid eh 128 aaiiensts,, Greuscalpellum — <2 oe een tS () aptiensis antarcticum, Cretiscalpellum 16 413; 119, 149, 150, 195 VALECIEA COVED CS pgm se SRM lL en ce ns ee 118 SizopuaGerhardts see LI errata te sat, PS Pee es oy 119, 128, 190 PUT COS COUP CUAL TIO ese re ae nee a 118 Uakenim Coins) se De ee ee IO IOAN GaTepism Collins p= eee | ae ie Pee te -119, 130, 191 Gon. aai en (Gab) pees | [7 digeceienes fl wt ee ah tte st itn sol TE 119, 132, 191 habanense Withers ioe a ee Looe WAUTICHI COMMS, =e A ae oe jacksonense Withers _.-_-.._- 192 et OF 136, 192 invchelothanumuserucnza = pasties Wee oe Sahetvet AIG Ye) TUCLILALTIO ANN OLCID © 1S ase ae a eo ee 139 DOATROGE. \SEOUGRQ: a A OS 390 1oo PEL CLD CAIN aN: aS Do fe ee en Oe ee ee 119, 139, 140, 193 GUAT ALI 711 ae (CD UXO Tn) ee eee ee eee 137, 143 FQULGD SECULAR NVHALVE TS ote eee aaa rn ne Se 3139 SCILCHEZPa NVC LSS ee | [mali ate eae ty hs Af ee FR 119, 140, 193 INDEX Arcoscalpellum subquadratum (Meyer and DN th tel) ee ot err | Pee my aemun ene sees 8 ye 0S toulminit Weisbord ———— —_-__ 14 a ee QTE CH SE COMMING: 6c se eG ee 119, 144, 194 Arcoscalpellum (?) choctawensis IWieisbord: 52 sees 12 2 ee ieee Arcoscalpellum aff. A. raricostatum Withers ————-____________ ___139, 140 Argentina, RioyNegr0 22 ee en oe Ashivilles hime ae ee ee ee ee tll Austin's Chalk ge -< = 8 2 ee ee eee ee NS P7/ B hakert, Arcoscalpellum ~~ =) 02ers iBalanus. Windhauseny a —————————————e —_183 Barro Marl sserincipe shin.) ee Sa el Oa IBlea rp a ww, Bi ee eee Shy) Belanger Mbrig 2 ee eee = 149 Oxarant Vibrio 149 BEGUT (Bureau of Economic Geology, University of Texas, collections) _124, 143, 176, 178, 193, 197, 201 Belanger Mbr:, Bearpaw Em) BMNH (British Museum [Natural History] collections) = Ie 129-131,133, 135, 137-141, 144-146, 150-156, 162, 165, 174, 181, 184, 185, 191-199, 202 SB Wea Ut Ue fp CoG a a LL EBL ES angulosa-Collins —- baler eens eaten ir ay by 122, 184, 202 broggti, Zeugmatolepas __- 20 ee eee 120, 166, 199 Cc Calanitca 2.) ee ee ee ee eer Calantica (Titanolepas) martini Wat er Sister ee ee ee eee 119, 146, 194 Calantica (?) saskatchewanensis Russell. ser ee sr 13 ee eee 119, 148, 194 California oss;Anpeles Cos. - se en ee ee SSS PHVA Ve, San) Diecor Coy = ee ee ee campus, Arcoscalpellum —_——_——____ 2 ee en 119, 130, 191 Canada Manitoba, South ‘Duck (Rivero ee ee eee eee Saskatchewan, Cypress) Lake) = = eno elas Vermillion River {ee eee en 70D canadensis, TE QT: Cab) ee ns eee ee Tae TP 70a Stramentim. <2 eer 2 ee a eee Carina einer Lepadide? Meyer eee p praediticraaedictes 2 hdc 4 tr aa 180, 202 Carlile y Shale Sst e eee ee eee is 7 See 172 chamberlaini, Scalpellum igo eG ee See Chile, Tierra delhuezo es ST 158 GHAclamenss arcoscalpellum (CP) aaa ee eee 119, 132, 194 Cla ber ne Gp sy wee ee res eee 120, 128, 142-144, 159 Cook> Mountain i min = eS ee eee 55 | Crockett. Pim: Witeelock Mbt, 2°. = eee eee 144 Gosport Sand - SS LO el 2 Semleeat INDEX isbonehmy se a ee Es ee —_144, 159 McBean. Pims ==. 144 AV ixtrtu Dee Birnny ee 1919354 Wieeb ests rns, 2 ees ee a 121, 159, 160, 178 iT eary teen dr er pee 88, CocoalSand>3Viaz00) Gp eee 119, 128, 132 Coffees Rims Taylor Gp. 5 2 3 yk OD (Cain TDi = ee ee ee __119, 120, 139, 157 cojimaricum, Euscalpellum _ CNT oe 2S 6n 196 Colombias71 Cundinamarca ee eee Se T19 F129 COTEG CSL OS U1, Cana =173 conrad, Arcosculpellum, 2 ee U2 eee ee ee ee 119, 132, 191 SCALP ELIIETIN ER ener eae ae ee ee ee ee 132 Sica pellamn((At.cOSCALP Cll te 112)) ae en 57 COnst elo Hiri s ee eee —_142, 182 Cook Mountain Fm., Claiborne ee mate a eee 8 Ad 59 eG Corsicana Mar] Crassissimum, Euscalpellum 18 20 1578197 Gretiscalpellum EDIUCTEST Seek sc Le SS eee Se ets antarcticum Taylor (ee eee EP 118, 119, 149, 150, 195 hannedtCollins. = .22e ae xo ost BG sere te ~ 120, 150, 195 macwimeColins, 8k Ge Pine == 1205 151, 195 wallam.Collins <= LC) ee ae 120, 152, 155, 195, 196 venustum Collins ——— ———.____ WZ 20 N TSS 196 Cuba, [alban a IO IIR 4 139140420182 ANN ea tear 7 ctf a Be 12018 98 1S 7, gubense. Drilasmis (Poectlasma)) 32229 ..o) ae" Se ee 121, 181, 202 D 1D) eka Viou mite ane Rm a ee eee a ee 171 E Clegans Stramentun = 2 eee teen 200 1D EY Up caste oe Ef Rr ae A aes BALAI CIT AT | eocenense, Buscalpellum® 22000 oa D7 NSS ee ee E20 S859 197 SCQUB CLL 711 eee er te ee ee ee ee euglyptum, SCalpelluim= as i a ea a ea i [| Scalpellum (Virgiscalpellum) ee ere ay ee ay eee eee __161 Wer GUSCOUPR ELIA Te ae AS en rte SE QUT a TAO GL 198 ESESCOUD ENE ne ase ae a ee ee ees 118, 161 ambarcticwm \Withere - 2 VF 20 156 9G cojimaricum. Withers “2 See ee Ee 120, 156, 196 crassissimum Withers _..... e120 IS sao, eocenense \( Meyer) 227, PBs e120 15851595196, 197 isneyensis Weisbord .._—____. | Sen eC 77) 160, 197 minutum (Brown) ot nie. nina edhe op tN A we ee 6 2} aN NR ee BRUSCOUPEIT (0) eae ne ee eS So ESEVCHSTS ENV (CISDOL Cee en en en vee ee ere ee See ==128 latunculus Cheetham __-.._..__. Nes 120; OO AGI 198 205 INDEX F AE cain repr «Wh ah hg a ae re ee ot ee EO fasctcularis, Lepas’ (Dostana) © ic 8 ee ee eee Baye) BET a ys Stee 2 tb ee tone ret senha eles ee sa aon ne ey Florida Palm £8 ea chiy= tee eee es ee eee A ee “125 WEEK a tk Ot petal ac ed aca ene en eet ee ete eee ee ILI US HRRCG of al =) OY C0) aE Gyo ee ar a | G gabbi apertus, Virgiscalpellum Ue O62 OS gabbi gabbi, Virgiscalpellum __ 19. IO gabbi, ICEL DC DT tb 00 oo a a se es TS Scalpellums(uangiscalpellum)) == EEE ees Virgiscalpellum ee Caren eee georgiensis, Zeugmatolepas pepe, | WRN PAID — 1ZIMI6 71689199 grbbum. Scalpelliinye 11. aaa Par 125, 190 GIF (Geological Institute of Freiburg [East Germany] collections) 124, 184, 202 GIUS (Geological Institute, University of Strasburg [i-ast«Germany,]) collections) 2222s a 2 on Gosport,Sand;: Claiborne: Gp. a EO Ie Greenhorntls;. 2-22 ee ee ee AL gee eM ——————————————————————————— S275 Preiierg shalemiVibric. 6 6... 2.20 ee ee eee 174200, GSA (Geological Survey of Alabama collections) ~_______124, 127, 190, 192, 193 GSC (Geological Survey of Canada ae ) ie) ee eee 00 Gulftof Mexico’... = a eens H habunensewArcoscalpelliim = Oa ee 119, 133,192 Hamulus zone - eee eee Sh oe te noe harnedt, Cretiscalpellum ENA Tey 1G: A cents Oe 20S OSI9S hausmann, LZeugmatolepas (?) eee eee haworthi, POL UCEP CS Ran a opr 173 STRQTLCRULT Gee een re Ye Bd oe 121, 173, 201 esperorimus Deas, =. ee Ne eee 177 heteroplax, Scalpellum (Virgiscalpellum) —. eee VAGUS Calpella || nn i ile howet, Aporolepas > st Se hubrichty Arcoscalpeium —- ee _119, 134, 192 I inaequtplicatum, Scalpel an tras, ame a a Scalpellum (?) ee Se ear nT 126, 127 UIACOId, Pep AS) a ee 5 PE ob ANNE Ea sel TDS ns 121, 180, 202 COCO ANVUS an a oe 171 LENG LEUMOMOAIOIEPAS 20 ee el 206 INDEX isneyensis, DESL COUP LUA 11h teer eco wet ne ae ete, TB PE. RQ OY 160, 197 AES COUP CU Usb Titi (ODD) erent cnn ss oA se oe A IOS | te te EL 139 J JPEG TOS ny) 83 LTS a) OY ee ee ge ee a OL Se ne Ps SY a (OY) jacksonense, Arcoscalpellum | Se ee eee 119, 136, 192 jackson (Gps 2 == eS ee a ee ee OIG AIG Sib utats Clays = eee ea een 6 K Kansas, Govelg Cosy et Sah ee ee 9 FT AS ae PAs oven ee See bares nS lad pera Co 55s a ee 00 Ue COR Se ere ee 121 Ro gant speaks. Bien toe BN a a ed le Se Neer ie 174 Osborne dC Ose eee ee: ae Ree ee ee ees 172 TRG Yo) EL Oy Pick Cla ee eee een er Le ee Oe I a a es ly, Ris big © Os ieee eee eres 2 ee ee ee ee 172 Mets scl CC ge Se ee I 02S “coe NCTE ea ae ee gee ST So a ee 126 mGA(Brian.J'. layloricollections)) 2 5 ADF 49 195 KU (University of Kansas collections) ———______________124, 171, 200, 201 L LACM (Los Angeles County [California] Geological Winseum Collections) co aE 178179202 OEP GORE: VOLTS PE OPEL LID LL OLLI EAT OE NIECE GST TY 183 | DEPOT HN TG | IS OOS LEIS LS SLL ANILA GO RES EEN I 170 (Git, SGT? Es ae Se ee! p17 Ne ec NO i Ree = hts OO 176, 177, 201 eects, | LOPNOLGS A cE SS Le Ne BT ENE cS ANAT EAC IES OPEN! as 251510) WEpas a (DOStN Gye ase ee 232 eS eI se 02 muunculus, Puscalpelum (?)) = >< SIGs ts 420, 160; 161 198 EL ODOG pS RENE BE EE AIT TAT I pT ES IT, ENE 11S 1775180 GENTS A ONE Ta, Ts CE DOPE ETRE og Meee Ree SS RAR pe 180 ps erty Cram innaeus 208 = de ae ee eee 179 Dini egt ese isp rye, eee ee Se ee 80202 UCL IGGU Ty ©, Se ee Wace 5 Ries Dy Seka BO) ees} ie eS 2 ee e170) Gi ZAI Gee ees DUES ae! Mao see 179, 202 TVAETA FNL 3 ae aaa Dy See AIGA NE Mela ew ane OG Soa UPS Oe 177 Lepas (Dosima) jesecularzs ENiscand. Solanden, 2. ee GR EA TA DTA | (ee ee Lee Ae eee eM FFP Ifo yi Lepas (Lepas) 1030 AN! | Sane a < ee eee cme hil heey, SioTBat Nine 7 2 SET TRA ete 277201 income Nbr, a Greenhornglsy 2 222 ee ee age Lirophora mactropsis (Conrad) 93) Ne ee 118, 121, 180, 202 Eisbonghim= 5 ClaibornenG ps aS ee aa 159 London Clay INDEX Wig GC ae ee ee canadensis: Whiteaves: <== ee Oe laeuisstma Zittel! 2 ee cs ee ee ee eee pulchella ‘Sowerby == Se een LoriculinameatexaiumeVVAthers ees 17/5 LSUGM (Louisiana State University eetoeiel Museum collections) ____124, 128, 161, 190, 198 M macrum, Cretiscalpellum _— Ge 120, 151, 195 mactropsis, Chine (Linophora) ys EEE ee ETO DICOT Cpe eee martini, Calantica (Titanolepas) Bo A So 119, 146, 194 McBean Fm., Claiborne Gp. —-______ Dees michelottianum, Arcoscalpellum 22. eee UETEIS9 michelotiianum nanum, Arcoscalpellum =. VAch wy ety) Ge eee 126 jinuium,whuscalpellum-s2 202) os ee ee eee 161 Mississippi, Clarke: Co. 120, 161 VWiautubbees te ee ee 142, 143, 160, 193 Glay. Col 5 £. A a IZ Hinds Co., Jackson st iia Sn a ea 119, 221, 137/138 Lowndes Co. Se ee ee P Oktibbeha iCo;,, 22 119, 120, 122, 123, 130, 131, 146, 150, 162, 166, 185 Sarkvill Eps See Ee eae Wayne Co., Walker ‘Springs eee 119128 Mississippi River eect eee Sa Moody:s BranchiFim:), <.222 225 nee IMoodyis: Marl = 3 ee ee moore: Stramenturm 222 = =o Dw ee Mooreville Chalk - Seer ee oa 19, 120; Se MSU (Mississippi State University “ collections) Bee BBAAr seit 124, 131, 145, 152, TS35 1915 192, 194-196, 198 N INacatoch Sand <= 28 2 = ears Navarro Gp. _.. et Ne Prairie Bluff Fm. ee ieee 162, 165 Ripley ene ee 119, 120, 122, 123, 130, 132, 146, 151, 162, 163, 166, 185 New Jersey, Paired bya ee a 1133 Timber Creek 2 eee Vancentown .. = ee ee eee NioDrarathim, = = eee Smoky bull (Chalke Mbry 3 ee eee __.173, 174 Niobrara SGp.. 2 ee NI Seen North Carolina, Cape Hatteras, === eS eS oe eae oe —125, 190 Dianiond jShoals: Ee eee Se North: (Creek; Clay: ee eee ee North Twistwood Creek Clay Mbr.,, Yazoo) Gp), eee 208 INDEX oO O'S EC a 184, 202 GOMQCS EG yee Rn EN es A te ot Bey 2173 Widlekensivionylhering ya 5 a ee es 21183 Oxararte Vibr B eanp awa kins ce ee ee __149 Oy EOP UA OGET US ic Seog eh Es Ee, G P Harare Ia tat ages Nea gS es ee ee 132 paitense, Scalpellum (Virgiscalpellum) ae See ee ee ees VEGGUncalp ellis et a ee 7 4 LO ce I po ess Aig 5 eu ee) palmeri, Arcoscalpellum ___.—____. Gee EE EEE VIS S137 139192 Pay a ahs © a all eZ 1 ge ee cae ee ee ee Se 1215 130 erp ean OTCU Gay ee eee ee —120, 121, 162, 164, 167-169 fetter shales Mibrs Greenhornes.) ee ee ee ee re 7 200 Pollicipes haworthi Williston ——— Bi ese oie eNO nen ae Ot A elt ape eA LIE Bortensr@ ree ke Rts eee ea ene ee 119, 144 Terre wire LMWH Ae LB ey INI TE Wein) Cy ayy ee eS Nee 122, 162, 163 PRI (Paleontological Research Institution collections) —_ 124, 132, 134, 142-144, 158, 191- 193, 197 principeanum, Arcoscalpellum —.. 4 e139 R140 193 EACATIGLP Cop aril pee ec ee a ene ee es ee Slik aval 134, 140, 142, 182 OES 22 Tes We LV Acar | fee weet ee es a oat ee 119, 134, 140, 142 iTS CUMMIACK ICC OG tee aks See ae Tn ee a eee ee RS PENUSS OY] BG a pd a cee acs Na rah ee napa aR Noe eh CN Oe dh PAB 4 WR Is at ala PNT Lo cape I Eye ge ce er ee 5 Oe eee eee ee 178, 179 pulchella, Loricula Bde es lA tee NA USE SA Pd Beg CE bee tind 170 Q PULTAR ALBERT COSCO PCNUI a 2 se ee 137, 143 R RUGICOSIATINID, AT COSCAIPCIILIM nee a 8 139 RaReOstattiin ait.) APCOSCalpellum 2k 30140 rectibasis, Zeugmatolepas __...- ESE ee ee ee 121, 168, 200 recurvata, Aporolepas __. Ripley Fm., Navarro Gp. ea ee ree eee aT Pe sbi inate Yai at eed 5), 120, 122, 123, 130, 132, 146, 151, 162, 163, 166, 185 TRC SE CHO a et le CN a ea tN Se el le ee ao TOO ere een Te 118, 126 Roca bedspee se 2s et eee — Eta by eet UCN VET TILCG Joe 7 | aio an ROD se Sat at A ene T A 122, 183, 202 ROMIP (Royal Ontario Museum, Invertebrate Paleontology collections) ___124, 148, 194 S maichent: Arcoscalpellam: x A ye =~ 119,140; 193 SATA) 1 Oe HT ny ice lr tec ae a a se outs Saal vey NE oe Siok 180 saskatchewanensis, Calantica (?) ——15 Ree e 148, 194 DAHL D CLALIT a Ste ee SD eee ee “13, 125 chamberlatntiePilsbry. == = 62 Se ene) A 158, 159, 197 INDEX Scalpellum Contadt sGalbb) xs ee Ee yr eocenense Meyer. ee ee Se euglyptum Pilsbry, and. Olsson. - = o G GU BAAR MS a ype a a a Gavby Wiadew se) 26 ee ee GEO bale @eaSD ym = Die Se ee ee ee TNGCOMUDINCATILTT A foo res rd oe ee ee eee i ie SDs. Wade) === ee eee = 163 swe quadratum Meyer sand Aldrich) a ee Scalpellum (?) inaequiplicatum. Shumard) 25 See ome Spe Adkins) ss Le Scalpellum (Arcoscalpellum) “conradi “(Gabb) “Withers as Scalpellum (Virgiscalpellum) cugiypium Rilsbrysands@lsson 2 TEE gavbra(Pilsbry,wiwathers = ee ee eee as heteroplaxybilsbry, and Olsson eae nl partemsemeilsbrysaid Os smn re TEES ShubutasClay., Viackson (Gp. eee —_161 SMF (Senckenbergischen Museum, Frankfurt [West Germany] collections) —_._- Mienigh enon ier eee idee oat tee Demet ee FL NS, LS. Smoky Hill Chalk Mbr., ‘Niobrara Pm, ae ee 173, 174 SouthaCarolina Orangeburg 142, 144, 193 SouthnG congia se Annenk Ow, ls) aries ee —- 121,168 spissa, SELL TIT Clg a eT CL FASO TIC 17 a a aE IORI 3) IP A at RCE a ANE I SI Se 8 121, 176, 177, 201 SEE Tp a re eee ata mcoe alg eee eee 5 1) ae a TO BE Bi 176, 177, 201 Spissa Wogan 2.28 Se ee eee 176,177 2Squama spissa Logan —.— 7 1 le Da Ra IE ab Sd wow vi _121,176; 177, 202 stenzelt, NTE CPC ap gare a ee zm l/7/ aha sa(U CP aS) ee Ss ee 22.2. ee 121, 177, 201 SLI TIL CE LETTE eae ee 118, 177 canadensis (Whiteaves) __—.______ 7 } |e eine meenernrerse en AL ZANT17/24, 201: Megas. Wier 7 || i tel Me Rare Soe ws etna £121, 171, 1723200 haworthi (Williston) ——._____ 22. ee ee moore) Watt 2 =e ee 22's enced JE ee ee _121, 174, 201 tabulatumelocany = 8 sent Soe ed SE nae texan (WVathers)\ = 22) SS Oe 121, 175, 201 TDS fo ered tin ees eee ee ee ie ee ee A strovilas Archacolepas =) OD es ee ee SEL TILE AGA FOTIA COE See a a eel 182, 183 subquadratum, Arcoscal pellet 0st. cee BA es |, nee ee ee eee 119, 142, 193 Scalp ellitgit > Seer ee ee ee ee ee ee 142 tabulatim: tStramientiums qo BR ‘VayloniGp. = ee eee Ambonal Pimy, 22-25 BE ee eZ el ae Goff cer Bray a 122 12 ele ‘Tennessee McNairy, GCo.,, (CoonCreek 222 ee e120 oe 210 INDEX texanum, VEG HUGU li asthe sR iee Se ee ered e ER eee ee eee S175 SLGUTNCRIIL TN 5 aoe a ee Be ee A eee IO 5201 Texas, IAN t Oe eee Se ee 197 Bastrop Cone 22 see ee ee ee 121, 160, 178 IBS ee) NF Cy 5 oP a haa Re eee eet 1 BrazossCoseleittlew RazOsi Rive bye eee ee 142, 144 (Gertie rg yaa] epee aaa a en Tepe oe __160 Me corte Ce wr eae FS te he ak) gl ee ea eae 160 Navarro Co., Chatfield Point - wt Ae I ee eo eee SIG Travis Co., Austin eS ee ee ee a a OE TG) 127 simberm Gree Kab eclipse a ee ee ee 19 elon turo are tomns, ee oe ee ee 120, 121, 162, 164, 167-169 toulmini, Arcoscalpellum __._--- | Cee a Se ai ee 119, 144, 193 TY NIT Sal a Bee a ge Ns ne DR Nae yt mea a sae OS Nr 118 Trilasmis (Poecilasma) cubense Wathen s s.12 st eee fer eee 2s See ae SEI eet Z02 TROD LC CI Tithe terete ec ee rae ee ce eed ree ee | 67) DEDI TITS OGIO MALL A LI) Ne a hs el ge ah ae Fa 158 U WDirtiy er, $1 el ea ley Wh rn sae ee ee ee ee 142 USNM (U.S. National Museum of Natural History collections) _____ 124, 163, 180, 182, 198, 202 Vv vallum, Cretiscalpellum 1 C-5e |,a t —120, 152, 155, 195, 196 DIO TET Oy OAAAPICOR DG TAG, a | | WermilliongRiver: lini) 2 =. a ee eee 171 UCIT IEC en a ae a nS OR ek oak Se ee TL 1S S alaskana Pilsbry, = Se y 5 {eee ee, ae 118, 121, 182, 183, 202 lgewigala Sow Cr by, 2 te Bed se ey 8 ON ee ee eS PUES GUD a te Us a the Sa 183 focana Steinmann) —— = DS es ee Se 183202 St Omiae (Ol gb euler) ae ee a —182, 183 “Verruca von Roca” Steinmann __.. cS Se ee eee ee RA AS _183 WAIN CEN tO vy I eLeLIT1 CS ain Cl et ee cee ee ee e133 Virgiscalpellum _ eae ee he ee ee eS euglyptum (Pilsbry and. Olsson) ~ RT Onn eee aes ____120, 161, 198 Gaubiea(eilsbry;) Withers) 26s oe ed ee ea eee Gs Boers Collins, ee. 2 een | ee ae oe Cano sone Se 120, 162, 198 ON QTLN ENC 0) 5 peated su OPA ee) |" a aes Be See ae 120, 162, 163, 198 heteroplax (Pilsbry and Olsson) oes ate ea i ees 17) 163, 198 patiense (Pilsbry and! Olsson) =. 20". 120 16499 Sps. Collings a es a oO ee 1208165. 1668199, Ww AV (al oa us Es Bra pes oe ke ae =i ee ee SS ee ey ee ee a1 Wiautubbee Ems, Claiborne Gp) 119, 142, 143, 159, 160 Weches Fm., Claiborne (Cie eee Ee Eee Be 51: 159, 160, 178 WFISP (Wagner Free Institute of Science [Philadelphia] collections) 124, 190 Wiheelocks Mibr:, Crockett) hm: Claiborne (Gps 2 ee _144 7A INDEX Wal chenst iO sinea? ose ei ea ee Se ee ee mi1'83 witherst, GED COS CHEND OU 10171 ay a a a a pcan be ee 119, 144, 194 Zeugmatolepas) je ee Fee rj an NUM en Y. DY atZ 1 5 Gp See aR a ree ne Ee ee OO Z 0 el colo Cocoa Sand yeeerceete eects tories er ee ee ee eee Oo lise North “Bwistwood Creek: Clay, Mibr) aes 132; 160 Yorbasvibr> Puentes Pim. ee es ee ee eee ee Z LEU GTICCLOLE PO Sho ae eS ee ee ad americana Withers __ IB I PN eB eer VER ea es 127 broggit, Pilsbry, and Olsson’ =: 20) oie georgiensis Withers __—._ 200 ae 2-121; 167, 1638098 ischna Pilsbry, and Olsson —-" 20. ona Rectivadseispry, and Olsson 2 ah ee 121, 168, 200 quitherst Pxispry and Olsson. 2) eee 121, 169, 200 Zeugmatolepas. (3) ‘hausmanni: 20 2 es ee eee S167 212 PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPTS Bulletins of American Paleontology currenty comprises two or more separate monographs in two volumes each year. The Bulletins are a publication outlet for significant longer paleontological, paleoecological and biostratigraphic monographs for which high quality photographic illustrations are a requisite. 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