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Department of fhe Dnterior:

‘on
BULLETIN

| UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM.
he |

HCNO. 18.-BXHIBIT OF THE FISHERIES AND FISH CULTURE OF THE
i UNITED STATES OF AMBRICA, MADE AT BERLIN IN 1880,

PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF

G. BROWN GOODE,

DEPUTY COMMISSIONER,

WASHINGTON:
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFIOR,

1880.

Sere

See
yesh ers

Department of fhe Bnterior:

U. & NATIONAL MUSEUM.

BULLETIN

OF THE

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM.

rc. 1S.

PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.

WAStLiEN G TON:
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE.

1880.

ADVERTISEMENT.

This work is the twenty-first of a series of papers intended to illustrate
the collections of natural history and ethnology belonging to the
United States, and constituting the National Museum, of which the
Smithsonian Institution was placed in charge by the act of Congress of
August 10, 1846.

It has been prepared at the request of the Smithsonian Institution,
and printed by authority of the honorable Secretary of the Interior.

SPENCER F. BAIRD,
Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION,
Washington, March 29, 1880.

INTERNATIONAL FISHERY EXHIBITION, BERLIN, 1880.

fx ERE Bae

OFr

THE FISHERIES AND FISH CULTURE

OF THE

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

AT THE

INTERNATIONALE FISCHEREI-AUSSTELLUNG, HELD AT BERLIN,
APRIL 20, 1880, AND FORMING A PART OF THE COL-
LECTIONS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM,

MADE BY THE

UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION.

PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF

G BROWN GOODE,

DEPUTY COMMISSIONER.

WASHINGTON:
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFIOE.
1880.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Section A.—AQUATIC ANIMALS AND PLANTS OF NORTH AMERICA BENE-

FICIAL OR INJURIOUS TO MAN.

VERTEBRATES.

SUI is DIEM Sete renc oneetam Since vicinwee a aeeieaaa> siemenmcle cu clscic ome. eacts oe

1.

2.

3.
4,

PS Teoa (ea IUUY GLES) Reve sta sie s cs aieinnle toy a.a/o ain ataw ainiela aibisiaelemio J elniem'e sais
Pissipedian (lamalGAnMLVOLCS)) 54-2 o2-~ som eases cuiwloee soccer meena Jose
IMIDE MME dS OGG.) reac seat clan = = eeieeisel cele acini nic <tr, «am aeinraaas

el eaT eT (EEC ONY SECS Ca) eines ala ao miaieteletel ealoilare = elare festa isla ole oie) /aasteral sane

Aiton Gye or) Messe sate e eis o's «Rin a meine sald clchelslelemia se mise ete mies eicsidem -~nce

Niven (eeTT uN) ere tee a ee oa oe aati ial elma aia al alae ie ee ol

PSUs tre oe cece eee mented 68a eaten osewes serene sere noosa

5.
6.
dis
8.
a
10.
ele
12.

Eaeseres (pelcnineiTds Proper) ...5- k= -a--—, sacle =e 2-—— se emn ooo
RAC aniee ((PIGATIAMIDILOS)) = 2 nee af a-- ea = ee he m= i= ne oie 2 eee ieee
Raphores (Hirds OL PCY) s-4- 202 so cce sae se elem s ome cinsiniee saci n[se eee
RepT nese LONOS yee GUN) Prem een ea te oe aire laos = alot =) 2 ana otal nara wisi ora aims
Lamellirostres (ducks, geese, iene ) Bee a eehs woe ass ceite tes ss osccn ee
Steganopodes (cormorants, pelicans, GN) Rene aerate en Semel aaietne Hats mee
Longipennes (gulls, terns, petrels, &¢.)..-.---- ---- ---- ---- -- 2+ eeee eee
OO Geni (mylMOMSULS) iene oscil smc ise see emai aininlelel ten een Ce imiby iain

PRIMER IRIS eee Ce ee ok ears we ok odes See coos eee

13.
14,
< 153

erocoallian (crocodiles an dyalligatOrs))\ 2-22. ..cqne -s---2---- => === - ===
PRS Ol mn tel (LORLOLSES)) eeteteieleisinie atoiint abet alata mlsretah telat oe teller @ oral ets = le
Rb bee eta) UL) ee are telat a wh iatelinles as oer ete oe ae a let ea

PRECIO NGAI CBee eerie See te RU oe 2 ceawecsessee esse sees Sees

16.

SPOON EA Nr dM (HEMP 3) area es ate eee ool a = ear SS ieee heel mlal mim al) amo el =

emuirod ele (Silman Gers)soscsen~ = oss enon oman nae a eaele acs ema sims e)—=

SESE Hee ee eR rae eee eS ey Sanilac sce we ce Bie ees

18.
19.
20.
21.

22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
. Chondrostei (sturgeons) .... ..---. 2-02 cece conn ns eee ne een ee eee nee

Pesta Cemn enrlen (sth LOLS) ermine teele lao olenteto fa ora ayelaiate aii 'mloinie a alel= =’ele =f= (emis =i
Plectognathi (globe-, trunk-, and file-fishes) .......-.--.-.-.-.--..----
Monn opcanchiie@pipe-tahes, eC.) 0.e- 2 -)o0 sana loe salanicons er alee ioeiem as =m
Recep) eigenen festa (elstcic ninja) tania ella (sis sella clalaimiai mai nr= /a)</=\abre = -
Heterosomata ree Ra idee Sete Se yachts nate aoiecle mien! sicie a=
Amie Neuen (COO Gc m) tania ceuina sam eeimis s cmisant> saiclen ale cece oeen sees
Percesoces (mullets, &c. ves Cee eens ee ieeal= Seis alone saciceeeiee
Hemibranchii (stickle- backs; &o. ie Fee We ssa eke os Selah eee es
Synentognathi (gar-fishes and fly ioe sashes) Bee Seen ei ee ieee
Pe LOTME DIMEN AAG. )= wre sa ale aia eco aie a wa < olorino meiooelelels 5m) wein'aae'nm= 6
Tsospondyli (salmon, herring, &c.) 3... -- .----- -- -- -- eww - wee - + oon ee
Eventognathi (cyprinoids)......---- .--..------ ----0- eee eee eee eee
Memo natht (Cat-shes)_ 2. oo 8. oon eee ee ne wo eee ne ----2-
ETHNIC (COIS) = o)oa nn << oct nian Sede an mevinine cislee en cinee ~hos eco sas enews ar
Cycloganoidei (amias) ....-. .----. -----5 se-ene cee e ne eee ne een n een ee =
Romboganoidei (gar-pikes) ..--...-----+------ -2ee+ eee eee eee eee eee eee
Selachostomi (paddle-fishes). ...-...-.---- -----+ ---eee - 22+ eeeeee fe hie

> > em hm & Ww

Ox tm OV

—_
=o @

he
oo

10

12

38
38
39
29
39

VI TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Page.
Vit SOLASMOBRANCHIATES -- 2-0 cooc cs ones ne oe eee eee ee eee ADSORSS 40
28. Holocephali (chimeras) ......---..-- oo slaw oa ene ee eee eee E 40
29: Rais (skates and rays) <.\-2.-2.% -sceseces emote -— EEE sere nee eee 40
39, Squali((sharks) = .2/5.5 2-0 cic cise 0 anon) vamieieiepeisiele sles eee eee 41
Vil -MARSTEPOBRAN CHITA TIS oleie romeo cel ale ele alata ote alla alt lett ele lela 43
31. Hyperoartia (lampreys) .----...---- ..-.- ¢ dic stlen doce cscs elem eee 43
INVERTEBRATES.
ee MO GGUSKS sete sole ere ore eye ee eetoee oie ot fela fete (olay=tefetteter= tate Be alate eee 43
1; Acephalai(bivalve)shell-fish) .2-2-s22 5. -o-seso-seeee eee eae eee 43
MARINE PLANTS.
I. ALG ag (S08-WeCdS): 20-25 coen.c seco 555 Sees eeeee eee e en eee ieee Hata 49
Section B.—FISHING-GROUNDS OF NORTH AMERICA.
jf; MODELS AND) MAPS OF HISHING-GROUNDS#a-—)seee sees ee eee ee eeiees «Seveces 50
IT. Mars SHOWING GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION ..-+s-c- 2225-42. -esee ye 50
III. SERIES OF WATER-COLOR SKETCHES, SHOWING THE BREEDING-GROUNDS
OF THE FUR-SEAL (CALLIRHINUS URSINUS) ON THE PRYBILOFF ISLANDS,
ALASKA. SKETCHED BY HENRY W. ELLIOTT FROM NATURE, AND EX-
HIBITED BY THE ALASKA COMMERCIAL COMPANY OF SAN FRANCISCO,
CATTRORINUAS ae mere ee soe ele aoe 2 seeci seceuctaw cece eee sine wie eeetoeee 51
Section C.—MEANS OF PURSUIT AND CAPTURE.
a. Apparatus of direct application.
i HAND IMPLEMENTS: OR TOOLSH pons = ose eee eseeeee eee ich eae Seer 52
“For striking.

L. (CUMS (23 sete tecmae teccidc) acess eeeeioe osee sie eae See EEE eee see 52

Unarmed Clubs... 5: oicdeo. tc bs cotereeos cece eee eee ee eee ee 52
** For cutting.

Qe KNIV 0S since aise cisco woe Swe e sl ae ne elec cellesoe eee eee ee EEE ee eee 52
Straight knives -.-...... gl5k wialSis AMIS cpaciete eee see sins toptae Gale emee 52

Oo AROS. 44035. See eee ore tee dinln ceo em eo see eens eee ee 55
AKES PROPEL. sci o.0\'s os dice eer acinus cic oe al ceis MECC eRe ae ee eee 55, 235
Cuttine=spadesat stinrcisescecuen sence s ‘Oho oe ee ee eee 55

*** For thrusting.

4. ‘Thrusting spears and ‘prods: _..-/ 2.2... so0resaskeeee ele oe ie eee eee 55
Pishing-lances'.- 2% 22... ot Lec cece de. 2eshc esse cee cere eee eee tee oe 55
Wihalémamn’s boat-spadesi-. 2 nc.ccce cos coe coe eerie eee nee ee eee 56
Prodding instruments -s- =. 4..<0225¢e-0 24 bane ee eee eee eee 56

i. IMPLEMENTS HOR SEIZURE OF OBJECTS -c--caceeaeee eee eee Eee ee Eee ene 56
* Scooping instruments.

5. SCOOPS OF SCLAPECTS!.:-saa-. se Sco cs <0 cask caches eee ee eee ee REE Eee ene ou
Shovels... 5 ass eeeepeeeseicisec o/s ae oe SOO eR Oe Eee eee 2 56
Hand-drod ges. 22 c.n2 5-2 e seco etiicn, o2.05 (2 eRe eee ers 57
Pile-serapers.... 2. ss be sec so eeele oes Sais ee en eee eee 57

-

TABLE OF CONTENTS VIE

II, IMPLEMENTS FOR SEIZURE OF OBJECT—Continued.

** Grasping-hooks.

Page.
6. Hooked instruments (those used with a single motion, that of hook-
“OES LES Tt SA ee ney oe ee ee ee ee: SE A ene ee 7
isle bOTntied (NGOS 92 a oas can sani te ses <a sade voc hemen mate ae 57
Many-pointed hooks. - eee Nie Se SEs co mittee Seam en == eee 58

7. Barbed implements Achiase: used “evil two motions, the first ‘that of
FILS) een oe oe = ote a eee ee nc epacein Se ae is ainiemis s San oa aS an See 59, 235
Piast il PREM NERS oo in. coco an ins aba aaa. = wc sevice ouneteameee se 59, 235
pneats weil detachable heads... 2.2232. c<s-c02-2.samne= sepeeeh owe 60

BINT Pe hcg ahs ain Duna e wc mae aean oeuitis Se = <a mee ni anaeninee 62
Rios ea Mvabenti OUNANGLOS)) 5 So a acccie swe ee caccaales ec anaiiesaeniaqae’a 4 62

*** Entangling-lines.

SURE Biante te tg aS ik eh a eg We enw aeeta meal daeean 62
Bee ek PDA ee as Aah oasis a Se ni owie storie wean 4 hen wo can es 63
PAPER WDM see nk tae Pan eee cee Woe tamiome ons feet Jaye ohe ns 63
arse teats lettre Sea oma s eee wh toe. Scplaan eh UL tee ins ahs week 63

b. Apparatus of indirect application.
tat ETE aaa eh gael CAE ORIG i cee reo ae 63
* Simple missiles (those propelled by the unaided arm).
IEMUELeNGR OATS Mut jen Seelam cine (cts saps Hoyas cle aw cleo wc coeas cece 63
Maser a GOs sees Aaa ke soe eas ee. Pee eee a Semele Co oel vee 63

** Centrifugal missiles (propelling power augmented by an artificial increase of the length
of the arm).

Be MUsseR propelled by c+ ihTOwinp-ShiCkS 7... . 2. cc. sescee soccansccews 63
*** Missiles propelled by a spring (spring consisting of bent rod).

Dah LES On bas Te RO Tse hee Se ae en 64

PERCU a Se otis on cee eae toa ce eases se eee sete ccc cee cucs cadese 64
NIN OUNS* > 1.1 ese acter ee ae sic aea seeks cac.ecece = 64
Ie ALTOD HOOKS—ANGEING-TACKLM Sc. ccccce cece sce cec se sds loses caacee « 64, 235
14, Hooks with movable lines—hand-tackle- ...2-..- 2.2... ce0e sss ee ceee- 64
firrciglextor Sunt ACC tts NUn Omeete year teere ft aera a5 nfo Sc ae miciestaelaceie ac 64
Tackle for fishing below the aalewie! ewe ceed ie Sone aetna ste 65
15. Hooks, with stationary lines—set-tackle .........--.c2--00-.-- seee cece 66
BO RLOUIRSCb) LNCSs a -mrsaes= wee aa os Weel awseleseees es 66

16. (Accessory.) Parts an accessories of eae eee and of har-
Pee ae Eee yeee reco Se aia Ra auls > asia teen 2 -- 06, 250)
Hooks . ee een eae wae ens ce ck ke csce ene bees. wites sms 66
Times ias= 2 - re oe ES ts Sra Le Nc ipeae 5 SO Meee
Snoods, ieadens fod en. eee Boe poutine wee Bodass seed cake eee 88
SUL Ne cree mentor tts aii iea cic vat ois 5 ae wisae ee claraee eee aie 88
Swivels...... a ea tals in a mre a Ae ated a ee oe 89
ASG DA rIen hese. cls co soto sai wtiedslL Lutes swears Ase eet ee 89

VIII TABLE OF CONTBRNTS.
. Pago
IV. BAITED HOOKS—ANGLING-TACKLE—Continued.
Reels 12... 2st 02 se c5 ss ses ceewe cece aecaee sees seieel= ae eee eee eee 90
Gunwale winches 222-2 c-cscesics cielssie sae eneicnete sae senaciateeetee eee 91
Line-holders) 22s. 25k csc. ebb cote wine toee sees cee e eee eee eee eee 92, 235
ROS at eecece hee eae = eine sepesioe esis meee ines iaee ee eneleet teeta 92, 235.
Disgorgers-22< 2.2225. -22- ssanseeeascsnseaeelssee acer eee ee 95
ec. Apparatus to a greater or less extent automatie.
Wis INIETS oe oy ant aeleynieions © welniey = 5 sno ine rae Seon eee eee eerste 95
17, Entangling-nets).. 0. 52 28 .ccon cose cons eee seese ses ene sere se eeeeee 95
Meshino=n ets) tivs.o-2 5 --ccieee see ect ose eeee eee eer eee ee eae 95
Pocket-mets) sei 00822. Seie socio o fe sere e,- Seer eee Bee eee eee eee 97
18; Encircline-nets.. <<. s/<se<<0 52 5-es beeen ise eee ee Re Oe eee 97
Seines ce oe. Se cecaes Gea Coss cagcee one eee ee ee eee eee eee ee eeeoee 97
Hoop-nets 5-2-2 sccce sons cee ts ose eee ieee eee ee eeeeee 98
TravimG=-nets s. < sic. -seccceiseise cei emeemeeetee ceces eee escent 99
Holding or jerk nets /..- S23 .-.6- eee eee eee eee REC Ese eer eet eee 99
19. Partsof nets and apparatus for manufacture .--.--..-...----- «------% 100:
d. Apparatus entirely automatic.
VAD ARABS oa Se ote. 0) 2515.5 c10 an sicie te Shree ee DOS eS ee een ne eee eee Sere ee eae se eee 101

20, Pen-tlapss. 0 escd2 cou \enntes sereae olaetnelsi aoe Seon oe ee eee eee IL

Pockét-traps:2: 2s...cc0- Soa. Sesce see eee eee ee eee eee oe ee
Labyrimth-traps: 2.2.)s22% Sees cee eee een eee eee eee 101

e. Accessories to the chase and fishing.

Vil. HUNTING-ANIMALS! 2.6.5: ae cess sees shee eee eee eee eee ee nea 102
21) Dunting-mammals.2 3282.22 eeeee cee eer ener ee eee ee eee eee 102
OUECIS. 25.25 Se Sasiolnisss SEE RS eRe ee eee eae 102

VILE DECOYS AND DISGUISESS: 4220 ee see eee eee eee eet eee 102
22; IBAILS = ccecas Soe 5 Soe ce ates See ere ean eee 102
Natural baits22 2 cee oitiees ee eee eee eee eee eee Zola cee 102
Artificial, baits 2.:<).0Ss ws Soe ne oo eee eee 103

2dr DOCOYSi2tscs seston sides fees cere ee ee nae eee 103
Sight-decoys.. .<..225.<655.-& jeans eee eee oe © 22 Se eee ee eee 103

IX. PURSUIT; ITS METHODS ANDs/APPLIANCESs. 322. 2204 ceeces coccinea nee LU
24. Methods of transportation tes sesee sees eee ee eicee ee eee cee eee 104
Boats: 2 occ saccese. Cones ee eee ac me tenne sleet en eee Cees 104
Apparatus accessory to rigging fishing-vessels. .....--..--.-----.---- 115
Preservative fnids/and paints --2.sces cons se eee seeeee eee ceeei eee 127

25. (‘Camp oubhitisas.. occse coe sete ceriee eine see See ee ee eee ee eee 127
Shelter co stashed Road diedetacwes ee bet cones See eee Bee eee eee 127

PUrmiture ss o1.,ccs,2> calescie cee cciacie Haemieeen Een eee eee
Commissary ‘supplies: <.2202.cscc secede cage cess eben ne Men e Sone a

26, Personal. equipments, G&G =. ..2c.cc<ceme sete peee nese ceeel eee tee ee

Clothing’. sa225..2. 50s eee ct ee po ee 129

Trappin gs... co. snec-k cose the Ao siecteh oe dey eee ee ee eee
Nautical ee eerte, ECs e8 Sos coke Sone ce len coe eee eee 133.
Medical outfit sn.d.0<bitecc cites oe nic oe wrk eee eee ee ay
Fishermen’s dwellings, ie Seigwiets isle cic bis e'o dese eee OC Ee ee 134
Log-books; Tecords) &-G-225-.55-- -cccce saceen te eee re OEE EE eee 135
Charts used, by. fishermen sa2--5 eos nee oon eee eee eee eee 135

Literature.of angling, the fisheries, &c jo2240ecee see nee = see eee 136

TABLE OF CONTENTS. x

* Section D.—METHODS OF PREPARATION. is
age.
T EREPARATION AND PRESERVATION OF FOOD..... ccc secs ccs cece seucieces 139
PUCBER VALOR GUEINIS HIG +. < oni sic‘sasees xo naneiwsteake na aan Saue acicmge dee oa 139
Fish-cars and other floating cages for aquatic animals.......-......- 139
PetESCey AON OL) ALOR HUMICALS) <2 0 Scts sk ann yace + meas <iebeceni eee oe 139
RAIN BMADODS scm. daca dunia so owe mers Seiee.c one ws ES ek oe Red speeds Oe
SrpLTOSOIy tl OGY Ol yi <r niok piscine. seo ways te Seine sjesintaioienute J aura eee 139
SHA Ou DP AEA UUSs 7.5% aa seecia tion nace genta eis Secale teh eiraet eee LOS
SR Ren LVDS SDN ATA DONS 6 6'cnrm ~eniciws winelsnte Se vom aieen~ Houapcemeeee be 140
4. Preservation by canning and pickling..........2.....0..-- 2-2 eec- eee: 140
Salting establishments .....,...--. See eater ee neaia solace ome eee 140
UNTO G MUS amen eres cee ees ans Cee owe ech, Sen seen meee 140
PLO RMU N TOL OleValusaassc cee secon c cis ao eaclociseeeas «ocsauisteceeeettee 140
aah Mud. Knives, CHOP POLS, k5C ols -c5 = 2 = 2 e2 5 <n Sesion mesmo eaeoce. 140
MIRUVOLLEIEV OS he Gin cle cicicin clevwnciee e Catase’ sap =% 6's ce cet teens tere ee eee e ee eee 141
II. PREPARATION OF OILS AND GELATINES....--...-..- ees n nem esd a sat sees 142
7. Extraction of whale-oil (with models of try-works, clarifying-vats, &c.) 142
Instruments and appliances of rendering whale-oil .-....-..-...----. 142

8. Extraction of fish-oils (with models of boilers, presses, clarifying-vats,
Rstrnt crete: ee ee ey tee Nie SOA ae eae vse oma wsetenc ees cee 142
TH MANUBACTURE OF PERTILIZMURS ..-.-< 2. 2..--s2os-sesese see ia pate 142
Semele Me ONO Le OLN Ons alec, os cloesienic ne acichls vs so setae eieeeie sells caine 142
ModE OtHSn-OCUNNOMVOLKS..~ wasn sicigia a <ecs oa as lane oes tees cece cncees 142
SEecTION E.—ANIMAL PRODUCTS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS.

MD) ee hte Sees aoe Se Sais) waicc) pete dleee cs < ns catlas ceca geoeeeee cess 143, 236
pO Sune tnireSh CONUUMON wan Sse Seis = nore conic acc cee wine ccinasem se 143
PmHOGUs Prepared tOMKeCOMIN «soca cose chee eecet Coe ccle wccecs sawn ceceee 143, 236
MirySaeUapLe PAM ONG Maecenas ccc coe cede: Saco cm se a cece ae 143, 236
SIMO MOC a LON ARTULOUS tome mecraaieaicismcice So cinccictsh ees dncceeseedes cass 143, 236
Pickler brimlersalted: preparations: .<.'- 6.22 cer. -o-- co eacens seco oon. 144; 937
Preparations in spices and vinegar, &c...-..---..--.-------+------ 144, 237
Ele pArailONs IN Ol use me cemes -nc acs Sines sacs -yssce sealers cece 144, 237
Wooked preparaionsminieans 52-4262 2-55 scenes phen aces ~- 144,237
ACCESSOTIES LO LOOUCPLGPAlMIONS™ cocci eo inoo 52 Sani sa tteceaasyeseeic's << 238
Mi MEOLIN Gace c swus 2cecse sos ome Anne ct ceca ence cece ascesiee cows Ceee we Se 147, 238
PoE rte fete hcc oS cists tweeter aes oo SSec edhe ccs case wees t eotou issu 147
MERI VRS Mee ney ese tp te mn eemelbiciie sie. —ciaciew moe Re eiaey screenees 147
Ses sinitand MeMPTANe! scecicc\soce snc} sees cer cscs Ace emcedcss act esc 238
* Sema GE Scot os alee eee eae a ie fae eine serv we teen en ann 238
NPE RUINES)- perms ow ence leee clasp sae ee Pees eee enn ce aie Soo tnenaieise taal 238
III. MATERIALS EMPLOYED IN THE ARTS AND MANUFACTURES ..-.----.------ 148
ACO; neh DONG 2a tas eee eee eecisa Se Sat ccc ced mmcie ciews wie deperes soc 148
verve On amin Als eee aeetace Setnacict |ae mex once em dscesse Seloe ma, caueee a 148
ivorvaOleteDilLGdge sas soeeertae Seertce ces, ncbc cel se toes eean cen emenicce 149
IDOE OM MAMMALS eee as teenle eae et cee cca isecc aeracm ces onscadlenieccs 149
OER tts OR 2 setae mene tees em eee ere aac onenccecidco cen ss cclses cowie 149
PBR ALR eye tee ne alan e\Scaleids aces. sticccs oaccce vctmoes sche 149
igre eget eres ts Sarnia een aieln siaiceel ais nia) raise = clsicice's)- cciens winimnns mmimminn= 151
SHOTS CaSO lero ems mete Sete soe ons cece wa «aa nncinmeleietm eee 151
Pans CLS eee eile ee ens ee sea coos cto. coun eas acne ane rele nie rennet ae 151

MOMLES OD MISHESe aaa cose Wicuicccescoe ced See nes eee eros 151

x TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Page.

III. MATERIALS EMPLOYED IN THE ARTS AND MANUFACTURES—Continued. :
8. Pearl! 2.2 2. cas scce wee ce niece sisieie oe oehentela teeta ta fol tee tate el (leet ete eee ett 151
9. Shell :22.! cee sss Seb ec eee ene eels a eicelote See te ele eee
@Wameo shell ec. > sees se orice ies see ose eee eee eee eee eee 153
Shells used foramplements 22sec =o aoe ae olga eela reertete 153
10. Other materials from) invertebrates === ea -aeo=-4 4 aeeer ie seen ere eee 154
De Wie atWers! ae orto) sare sraieei= ele eee ee = atte ee eee 154
Prepared from reptile-slins =~ 2-220. -ccsio= = ae ale a ea eee 154
Prepared from fish-skins...--....--- Seiapaciers soe oem e ee eer 154
12. Isinglass ..-. 2.022. -22- -2-2-- cece cones sec ene oon see nes on ehs enemas 154, 238
13; Gelatines.--22.-.-. - eS etss crise seit ce ae eee eeieseine encinste Ee ectee iets 156, 239
14, Sponges...---: ---- -- ---- eo eee en ee nee ene te ee ee ene ene ene 156
Specimens of American commercial sponges.......--.-.----------.-- 156
15. (Oils and fats cect eae a see cas ene ee eeeeelemee cere eee eee 157
Mammal-oils: oa. $2324 22ci20 2 ee cole secre siceene eee eee oe eee enol
Reptile-oils ...--..-..- §o cislowile a isic asic os oleinieineet aes a eee eerie 160
Fish-oils'., s2c00 eshte <lecits neeele mempers coh eicieiee alee asee ee eee ae mmm LY
Mollusk-oils ..sccscs cece doen asinesemiee sien se est elect a eeee aoe eerie 162
16. Perfumes: = 22.5 :s2e eee sone was ie ieee oe em ee eee ase Eee eee eee 162
Mammal-perfumes a2 eos eae) ee eae ate ee iselsie aie eee 162
17. Chemical products and agents employed in the arts and medicine ---- - 162
Derived, from plants. .ccc22 ssc asenyee crete eee eeepc eee athe sere eee 162

18; Mertilizérs 5. ccs a Se Se eee eee ee eee

seco wees aspen egneey

Artificial guanos.-ssis05-5 -1cclsosey ee ee ee rereete ies ee eee 162, 239

SECTION F.—RESEARCH, PROTECTION, AND CULTURE.

I. INVESTIGATION (AS PROSECUTED BY THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION) -
1. Methods of work
Q2 Results 0f work 2.cocacacceevcet oon Soebroto ies oe eee Eee
a. Publications... 2. Shree eeceie Sere ele eee ecient
b. Collections’ :...5.. otic, wesc a cemees see cerne se ere eee eee Cea eeeeee
ec, Active work in fish-culture

we we we ee ee ee eee te ews eee ee ee ems we we ee ee ee ee eee

TT. PROTECTION = 2)..2: stein ede cee ie eee oes ee ects Soneicc ee sae Soke eee eee eee
1; :Game laws: (See reports) 2: -2eee- ween see esses cee cen eee eee eee

Q. Wish=WayS\. a 2 seis he's she Gas te oh oe eee eee eee Ee
Groove fish=waysis..2scescc- oes neleseeoks eee ee ee eee eee eee eee

Box, step, or, pool fish= ways — ose scec seleecetes oe ae eee ee eee

Inclined! fish-ways wiathoutistepsssseen-cee sece eeeees eect ee eee eee eee

Spiral fishsways': 22 245 2.4..520 Ae eke eee ee eo ee eC eee

Moving float fish-ways ..-.. ---

i i

Lil EROPAGADION ene ceeee eee

5, Amy eOieraliac.s 0,582. c eBay one as Bo oe Ren ene ene ee
Devices used in obtaining and impregnating ova
Hatching-houses

Hatching-troughs and boxes, stationary
Hatching-boxes, floating
Adhesive-egg apparatus

we Oe eee eee ee eee ee eee wee ee ee ee eee ee

Moatinghatching=housesens=-s.))--i2- ee oe eee eee eee erro oee ;
Accessories to the hatching apparatus.... 2.2252 sos een sseee eae
Devices for the transportation of fich-eggs....-......--..------- ---- :

163
163
164
164
210
210

212
22
212
212
212
213
213
213

eta leyae'y woinve nieve era yee aide lo metaien eee a ae ote eee eee

214

217
217
218

Apparatus used in the transportation of fish.............--.--.--..-218, 239

Apparatus used im feeding tty sses 2 0s .ce se eee eee eee eee Beret

218

TABLE OF CONTENTS. XI
: Page.
III. PropaGation—Continued.

istaperen LOCC doe aAUIG Hab... woes «ct.cos Au ace cenckpse kateae aeemecae 218
cant paotoerapos, and ‘charts 2. -.....---.cacd «ude cedece whee so eeee 218
Peeetinet On tie Nab-COltUTISh cee 5 -cc 4 one an dew ane eee ae 219
Eggs of Salmonidz in process of hatching...-...........-00. --+. ---- 219
cee Salona In AlCOHG! 2 J ss5 sass. tcncdac eee esx een aneee eee 220
Specimens of fry of Salmonids in alcohol-.... ........... 2-00... 220
Peesorcamenican fishes in general... 0-2 -5.-.- scones ccoa cus scenes 220
ppacimeraor sts aICONG) ou) .c-2~ 5. Rccars cons «sen Saw eReenaeeen 220
Me RAnUNORObe AN CUNT AC 5. so... k cine aes dos ove eee eee ee 221

IV. APPLIANCES FURNISHED BY THE SEVERAL DEPARTMENTS OF THE U. 8. GOV-

ERNMENT AND PRIVATE ORGANIZATIONS FOR THE AID AND ENCOURAGE-
MEM aON VE WISHIGRTNG <2. co... 22 -.-22.---2..0ce ses: bags cee 224
PEeMHEReT i Ol GMO MUETIOR =.= 52a. noon cee cn rece ence an onea casos 224
United States National Museum ...--. .- Bie aa aoe ale as Se ee ee 224
eNO EE ea 8 oa. Ss Santina sine Se act shane s ou-4 ou sane 224
Beeteee Lune OL mel PTOARIN GY - 2 2-22 o-.\sscwcas eseces cand ew edceabore 224
United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.........:.....--..--.-. ---- 224
Pre eNO EE VI UO ee Ee ame eeu asin fan Scine wacises aeesddcaas intoeae 229
(EO TSS LETTS O00 (0 les 2 ee ee eee ee 230
Peer ie SADE EVI SION sb ee ena sc tess sas ce asieos oa scewe sadege 231
Seioparignent OL WAT .0-cu bo. .cs ccc ~ sol annne woe Bee he Nea oN a ree 231
Pe peem try COMA SEENICDS ccm ose oo se Hoan cose ee bon nntimanans occeee 232
eMC RESTO 2 aie oe Synlett ta we Sec c es wee we ee waed os Deg 232
eae PaMien in Ol MUMe Names eet. co cos aceeleete SSaceaeecsas se ces 234
Bureau of Navigation—Hydrographic Office ...... ........-.-.---.-- 234
Gere PME CORR ORES pence ine elon veo ma tc ana nn ce ome ads aan sn as 234
Pim OT ELV ALG ASSQCMIIOUS coo ne clon. oo occ nos cases. waacceecad voce 234
Massachusetts Humane Society ............- Settee nae. Soc cee 234
REESE ot vin sea snare Siete se ete ania eave ain See ee ete 235-239

=e Agana

rie an
rs

+
‘

SS oo

INTRODUCTORY NOTE.

The present catalogue embraces the articles brought together by the
United States Fish Commission for exhibition atthe International Fish-
ery Exhibition (Internationale Fischerei-Ausstellung) to be opened in Ber-
fin on the 20th of April, 1880. The exhibit is, for the most part, a
portion of that of the National Museum of the United States maintained
under the direction of the Smithsonian Institution.:

The idea of an international fishery exhibition to be held at Berlin
under the auspices of the Deutscher Fischerei-Verein, had long been
entertained ; and an invitation to participate therein was extended more
than a year ago by the German Government, to the United States, as
well as to other countries. No action on the subject was taken at the
time by Congress ; but on the 16th of February, 1880, a resolution intro-
duced in the House of Representatives by Mr. P. V. Deuster, of Wis-
consin, and supported by Mr. L. P. Morton, of New York, which became
a law, authorized the participation in the exhibition on the part of the
United States, and appropriated the sum of $20,000 for the purpose.*

*The act passed in the following words:

Whereas all civilized nations take part in the international fishery exhibition to
be held in the city of Berlin, Germany, in April, eighteen hundred and eighty, it is
deemed both right and expedient that the prominent and effective action of the United
States in the line of the artificial propagation of fish and the stocking of depleted
fishing waters should be conspicuously and well exhibited on the occasion: Therefore,

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in
Congress assembled, That to enable the United States Commissioner of Fish and Fish-
eries to exhibit America in Berlin in April, eighteen hundred and eighty, a fair and
full collection of the different specimens of American food-fishes, casts thereof, models
of, and implements, and so forth, used in the prosecution of American fisheries, the
sum of twenty thousand dollars is hereby appropriated, out of any moneys not other-
wise appropriated in the Treasury of the United States, or so much thereof as may be
necessary for the purpose, to be immediately available on the passage of this resolu-
tion, to be expended under the direction of the Secretary of State.

Sec. 2. That the United States Commissioner of Fish ard Fisheries be, and is here-
by, authorized to represent the United States, either in person or by a deputy to be
appointed by the President of the United States; and that, at his discretion, he may
use any portion of the collections at present forming part of the National Museum in
making up the proposed exhibition by the United States.

Sec. 3. That the United States Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries be, and is here-

XII

=

XIV INTRODUCTION.

Preparations were immediately begun to utilize the few weeks remain-
ing before the opening of the exhibition. A general invitation was ex-
tended to all parties interested, to contribute articles having any rela-
tionship to the fisheries and to fish-culture, and the special assistance of
a number of persons was invoked.* The work was carried on night
and day, and a first shipment made on the 4th of March, followed by
others on the 20th, on which day Mr. George Brown Goode,t the deputy
commissioner, with his stafft,¢ left for Berlin.

With the help of the gentlemen enumerated below it has been possi-
ble, in the short time at command, to make what will probably be con-
sidered a creditable display of apparatus, subjects, and products of the
American fisheries and fish-culture ; this, however, would have been
more complete in many respects had a longer time been allowed than
the four weeks actually available.

The principal deficiency in the collection will be found in the series of
American prehistoric and aboriginal implements for fishing. Of these
there is a large collection in the National Museum, which could not con-
veniently be withdrawn. There are wanting, also, many forms of boats
and vessels and numerous preparations of fish and marine products
which could not be obtained within the time, and a still larger number
which, from their somewhat perishable nature, could not be trusted to
a sea voyage.

I take great pleasure in acknowledging the extreme liberality of the
North German Lloyds in giving free freights between Baltimore and New
York and Bremen of the entire fishery exhibits, at the suggestion of the
New York agents, Messrs. Oelrichs & Co., who, with the Baltimore
agents, Messrs. A. Schumacher & Co., have done all in their power to
carry out the authority given them by the company. The Baltimore and
Ohio, the Philadelphia Wilmington and Baltimore, and the Pennsylvania
Railroad Companies, not to be outdone by a foreign corporation, also
granted free transportation to Baltimore and New York; so that the

by, instructed to present to Congress, through the Department of State, a report upon
the Berlin exhibition, showing the recent progress and present condition of the fish-
eries and of fish-culture in foreign countries.

“Acknowledgments for assistance in making up the exhibition are especially due to
E. G. Blackford, New York; A. Howard Clark, Gloucester, Mass.; H. C. Chester and
S.C. Brown, Washington, D. C.; W. A. Wilcox, Boston, Mass.; Messrs. Bradford &
Anthony, Boston,.Mass.; Conroy, Bissett & Malleson, W. Holberton, and Abbey &
Imbrie, New York. «

+t Appointed deputy commissioner to the Berlin exhibition by the President.

} Messrs. F. W. True, J. E. Rockwell, Fred. Mather, J. W. Collins, and Jos. Palmer.

INTRODUCTION. XV

whole cost of moving a collection exceeding nine thousand cubic feet,
and weighing many tons, as far as Bremen at least, has been limited to
the mere matter of cartage and loading.
SPENCER F. BAIRD,
United States Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries.
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION,
Washington, U. S. A., March 29, 1880.

oe ‘ j v ee i

w \ : : ire : j a : ane a 7 i

Si. OT OI A.

AQUATIC ANIMALS OF NORTH AMERICA BENEFICIAL
OR INJURIOUS TO MAN.

VERTEBRATES.

I MAMMALS.
Orpen, FER A.

Suzorper, FISSIPEDIA.
MUSTELIDE.

MUSTELINA.

MUSTELA PENNANTI, Erxl.—FisHer.—Northern North America.
12472. Mounted. Houlton, Maine. Rev. R. R. McLeod. Jan. 15, 1876.

PUTORIUS VISON, Rich.—M1nx.—North America generally.
12432. Mounted. (Male.) Moore’s Lake, Minn. J. H. Batty.

LUTRINZE.

LUTRA CANADENSIS, Sab—AmeErRiIcAN OTTER.—North America
generally.
3380. Mounted. Ft. Steilacoom, Wash. Ter. George Gibbs.

ENHYDRINZ.

ENHYDRIS LUTRIS, (Linn.) Gray.—SEA OTTER.—Pacifie Coast of
the United States. ;
9457. Mounted. (Adult.) Alaska. Dr. T. T. Minor.

PROCYONID XZ. if

PROCYON LOTOR, (Linn.) Storr.—Raccoon.—United States gen-
erally.
° 13175. Died in captivity in New York. Bought of John Wallace.
1F

2 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

PINNIPEDIA.
OTARIIDA.

CALLIRHINUS URSINUS, (Schreber) Gray.—FuR SEAL.—North
Pacific Ocean and Bering’s Sea.
13086. Mounted. Alaska. Alaska Commercial Company.
EUMETOPIAS STELLERI, (Fischer) Gray.—SeA Lion.—Pacifie
Coast.

13134. Mounted. (Young.) North Pacific. Alaska Commercial Company.

ZALOPHUS GILLIESPIH, (Macbain) Gill—SEA Doc.—Pacifie Coast.

12937. Mounted. Southern California. Capt. Baker.

PHOCIDE.
PHOCINE.

PHOCA VITULINA, Linn.—CoMMON SEAL; HARBOR SEAL.—North
Atlantic.
12453. Cast. Provincetown, Mass. 1875.

PHOCA RICHARDSII, (Gray) Gill—LEoPARD SEAL.—North Pacific.
12494. Mounted: Adakh Id. Alaska. W. H. Dall.

Orver, SIRENIA -
TRICHECHIDE.

TRICHECHUS MANATUS, Linn.—MANATEE.—F lorida, West Indies,
and N. E. South America.
12617. Cast. Florida. Zoological Society, Philadelphia.

Orver, CETE.
DELPHEINEIDE.
DELPHINAPTERIN AE.

DELPHINAPTERUS CATODON, (Linn.) Gill.—WHITE-FISH or
WHITE WHALE.—Arctic and Subaretic Seas (ascending
* large rivers).

12490. Cast. Gulf of St. Lawrence. G. R. Renfrew & Co., Quebec.

LAGENORHYNCHUS LEUCOPLEURUS, (Raasch) Gray.—Cow-
FISH.—Eastern Coast.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 3

PHOCANA BRACHYCION, Cope.—SNUFFING PIG; HERRING Hoa.
—Atlantic Coast. .

12302. Cast. Cape Cod. Vinal N. Edwards.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

GLOBICEPHALINZE,

GLOBICEPHALUS INTERMEDIUS, (Harlan) Gray.—BLACK-FISH.—
Atlantic Coast.
12480. Plaster cast, (7 feet.) Cape Cod. Edwards. Noy. 14, 1874.
12840. Cast 351. Cast of head. South Dennis, Mass. U. 8. Fish Commission.
1875.
12841. Cast 352. Cast of head. South Dennis, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission.
1875.
GRAMPUS GRISEUS, (Cuv.) Gray.—Grampus; Cow-FisH.—North
Atlantic.
15771 — 12759. Cast. Dec. 2, 1875.
15773 — 12761. Cast of head and cast of whole. Nov. 30, 1875.
622. Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
12940. Cast of head. Cape Cod, Mass. V. N. Edwards.

12941. Cast of head. Cape Cod, Mass. V.N. Edwards.
12942. Cast of head. Cape Cod, Mass. V. N. Edwards.

BAL ENIDZ.
BALH/NA MYSTICETUS, Linn.—BowHEAD WHALE.—Arctic Seas.

12938. Model in plaster. From drawings and measurements of Capt. C. M.
Scammon.

EUBALZ NA CULLAMACH, (Chamisso) Cope.—PaciFic RIGHT
WHALE.—North Pacific.

12988. Model in plaster. From drawings and measurements of Capt. C. M.
Scammon.

Orver, GLIRES.
MURIDAE.

BER ZIBETHICUS, Cuv.—Musk RAt.—United States generally.
Mounted. District of Columbia. R. Hessel.

4 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

II. BIRDS.

Note.—In this series are exhibited the most widely distributed forms
known to feed upon fish, particularly those peculiar to the United
States. No attempt has been made to make the series complete. It
also includes species used extensively as bait by fishermen on the Banks.

Orver, PASSERES.
CINCLIDE.

CINOLUS MEXICANUS, Swainson.—AMERICAN DIPPER; WATER
OUSEL.

Destructive to the eggs of fishes.
Mounted. U.S. National Museum.

CORVIDE.

CORVUS OSSIFRAGUS, Wilson.—FisH Crow.—New England to
Florida, chiefly along the coast.

Mounted. U.S. National Museum.

Orver, PICA RI.
ALCEDINIDE.

CERYLE ALCYON, (Linn.) Boie.—BELTED KINGFISHER.

12080. (Male.) Washington City. 8. F. Baird.
75361. Washington City. Mr. Hamilton.

Orver, RAPTORES.
FALCONIDE.

HALIATUS LEUCOCEPHALUS, (Linn.) Savigny.—AMERICAN
EAGLE; BALD EAGLE.
42137. (Male.) Washington, D.C. C. Drexler.

PANDION HALIATUS, (Linn.) Savigny.—FIsH-HAWK; OSPREY.
79093. (Male.) U.S. Carp Ponds. Washington, D. C. R. Hessel.

Orvern, GRALLATORES.
HEMATOPODIDE.

HASMATOPUS PALLIATUS, Temm.—OYSTER-CATCHBR; SEA CROW.
29729. Hog Island, Va. R. B. Hitz.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 5

TANTALID®E.
TANTALUS LOCULATOR, Linn.—Woop-1BIs.

Southern States. U.S. National Museum.

ARDEID®.
ARDEA HERODIAS, L.—BLUE HERON.

70057. (Young.) Fairfax Co., Va. C. Schuermann.

ARDEA EGRETTA, (Gmel.) Gray.— WHITE HERON; EGRET.
2792. Washington City. C. Drexler.

Orver, LAMELLIROSTRES.
ANATIDE.

MERGUS MERGANSER, L.—SHELDRAKE.
12785. (Male.) Potomac River. T. Tonge.

12707. (Female.) Potomac River. R. J. Pollard.
MERGUS SERRATOR, L.—FIsHING-DUCK.

70281. (Male.) St. Michael’s, Alaska.. Lucien M. Turner.
MERGUS CUCULLATUS, L.—HooDED SHELDRAKE.

35057. (Male.) Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution.
70459. (Female.) Chicago, Il]. Smithsonian Institution.

ERISMATURA RUBIDA, (Wils.) Bon—Ruppy Duck.
76769. (Male.) Eastern U.S. American Museum Nat. History, New York.

FULIGULA VALLISNERIA, (Wils.) Stephens.—CANVAS-BAOK DUOK

12712. (Male.) Potomac River. R. J. Pollard.
12713. (Female.) Potomac River. R. J. Pollard.

FULIGULA FERINA, var. AMERICANA, (Eyt.) Coues.—RED-HEAD
DUCK.
12715. (Male.) Washington City. C. Drexler.

BUCEPHALA ALBEOLA, (L.) Baird.—BUTTER-BALL.
12696. (Male.) Washington City. C. Drexler.

Orvrer, STEGANOPODES.

PELICANIDE.

PELICANUS FUSCUS.—Brown PELICAN.
78234. Florida. Tichkamatse.

6 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

PELICANUS TRACHYRHYNCHUS, Lath.—WHITE PELICAN.
71051. (Male.) Grant County, Minn. G. B. Sennett.

SULIDA.

SULA BASSANA, (Linn.) Briss—-GANNET.
12805. Massachusetts. N. Vicary.

GRACULIDA.

GRACULUS DILOPHUS, (Sw.) Gray.—CORMORANT ; SHAG.
63249. Annapolis, Md. E. M. Schaeffer, M. D.

PLOTID®.

PLOTUS ANHINGA, L.—SNAKE-BIRD ; WATER-TURKEY.
73526. Gulf States. U.S. National Museum.

Orver, LONGIPENNES.
PROCELLARIIDE.

MORMON CIRRHATUS.—CRESTED PUFFIN.
46494. (Male.) Sitka, Alaska. F. Bischoff.
FULMARUS GLACIALIS, (L.) Stephens.—FULMAR GULL.

79115. (Male.) Davis Straits. N. P. Scudder.
79123. (Male.) Davis Straits. N. P. Scudder.

Used extensively as bait, being caught with the hook in
rarge numbers.

PUFFINUS MAJOR, L.—HacGpon.

78175. (Male.) Grand Banks. Capt. J. W. Collins.
76294. (Female.) Cape Chadley, Hudson Straits. L. Kumlien.

Used as bait.

PUFFINUS FULIGINOSUS, Strickland.
75217. (Female.) Sable Island Bank. R. L. Newcomb.
Used as bait.

LARIDA.

LARUS MARINUS, L.—GrREAT BLACK-BACKED GULL.
17091. (Male.) New York. J.S. Bode.

LARUS ARGENTATUS, Brunn.—HERRING GULL.

21431. Washington City. Smithsonian Institution.

LARUS DELAWARENSIS, Ord.—RinG-BILL GULL.
70083. Andalusia, Il. S.C. Bowen.

-

LARUS CANUS, var. BRACHYRHYNCHUS, (Rich.) Coues.—_MEW
GULL.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. t

52495. Kodiak, Alaska. 1. Bischoff.

LARUS TRIDACTYLUS, Linn.—KirTywakE GULL.

46410. New England Coast. U.S. National Museum.
LARUS PHILADELPHIA, (Aud.) Gray.

51141. Washington City. H. Horan.

STERNA FORSTERI, Nuttall —MACKEREL GULL.

66211. Lake Koskonong, Wis. L. Kumlien.

STERCORARIUS POMATORHINUS, (Temm.) Vieill. —** GULL-
CHASER.”

78173. (Female). Grand Banks. Capt. J. W. Collins.
76272. (Male). Disko,Greenland. L. Kumlien.

STERCORARIUS PARASITICUS, Brunn.—PARASITIC J AGER.
78174. (Male.) Grand Banks. Capt. J. W. Collins.

STERCORARIUS BUFFONI, (Boie) Coues.—LONG-TAILED J BGER

79057. (Female.) South Greenland. Gov. Fencker.

RHYNCHOPS NIGRA, L.—BLACK SKIMMER.
77319. (Female.) Greene Smith.

Orver, PYGOPODES.
COLYMBID#.

COLYMBUS TORQUATUS, Brunn.—Loon.
51138. (Male.) Washington City. H. Horan.

PODICIPID &.

PODICEPS CORNUTUS, Latham.—HORNED GREBE,
12761. Northern States. R. G. Campbell.

8 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

IT. REPTILES.

Orver, CROCODILIA.

CROCODILIDE.

ALLIGATOR MISSISSIPPIENSIS, Daudin.—ALLIGATOR.—South-
eastern North America.
9980. Cast. Jacksonville, Fla. F. C. Goode.

Orver, TESTU DINATA.

TESTUDINIDA.

TESTUDO CAROLINA, Linn.—FLORIDA GOPHER-TORTOISE.—South-
eastern North America.
9627. Cast. Florida. G. Brown Goode.

EMY DID.

MALACOCLEMMYS PALUSTRIS, (Gmelin.)—DIAMOND-BACK TER-
RAPIN.—Coast from New York to Texas.
9028. Cast. Mandeville, La. G. Kohn.
Color sketch. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Living specimens.
PSEUDEMYS RUGOSA, (Shaw.)—RED-BELLIED TERRAPIN.—New
Jersey to Virginia.
8910. Cast. Kinston, N. C. J. W. Milner.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.
Living specimens.
PSEUDEMYS MOBILIENSIS, (Holbrook.)—SouTHERN TERRAPIN.
9026. Cast. Mandeville, La. G. Kohn.

PSEUDEMYS ELEGANS, (Wied.)—Central portion of the United
States.
8927. Cast. Brownsville, Tex. Dr. J. C. Merrill.

CHELOPUS GUTTATUS, (Schneider) Cope—SPECKLED TORTOISE.—
Eastern States.

Color sketch. &

CHRYSEMYS PICTA, (Herm.) Agassiz—PAINTED TORTOISE.—East-
ern portion of the United States.

Color sketch. (Richard.); U.S. Fish Commission.
Living specimens.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 9

CHRYSEMYS OREGONENSIS, (Harlan) Agassiz—Ceutral portion of
the United States.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

CHRYSEMYS RETICULATA, (Bosc.)—Gulf States.

Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

CINOSTERNID SE.

AROMOCHELYS ODORATUS, Latreille—“Srink Pot.”—EKastern
and Southern States.
Color sketch. (Richard.)
CINOSTERNUM PENNSYLVANICUM, (Bosce.) Bell—Mup TURTLE.
—Hastern States.

Color sketches. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.
CHELYDRIDE.
MACROUHELYS LACERTINA, (Schw.)—ALLIGATOR SNAPPER.

9211. Cast. Greenville, Miss. S. W. Ferguson.

CHELYDRA SERPENTINA, (Linn.) Schw.—SNAPPING TORTOISE.—
Canada to Ecuador.
9558. Cast. Oakley, S.C. F. W. Hayward.

TRIONYCHID£.

ASPIDONECTES FEROX, Schw.—Sorr-SHELL TURTLE.—Georgia
to Western Louisiana.
8899. Cast. Florida. Professor S. I’. Baird
Color sketch. U.S. Fish Commission.

ASPIDONECTES SPINITFER, (Les.) Agassiz—SoFrt-SHELL TURTLE.—
Middle and northern tributaries of the Mississippi and the
Saint Lawrence.

Cast. Smithsonian Institution.

CHELONIIDE.

CHELONIA MYDAS, Schw.—GREEN TURTLE.—Atlantic Coast south
of Long Island.

8392—15267. Cast in papier-maché. New York market. E. G. Blackford.
CHELONIA VIRGATA, Schw.—PAciIFIC GREEN TURTLE.—Pacific
Coast.
9639. Cast. San Diego, Cal. G.N. Hitchcock.
v
THALASSOCHELYS CAOUANA, Linn.—LOGGERHEAD TURTLE.
8386-15259. Cast. New York market. E. G. Blackford. .

10 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

ERETMOCHELYS SQUAMATA, Linn.—PAcIFIC HAWK’S BILL TUR-
TLE.—Pacifie Coast.
12388. Shells. Fiji Island. U.S. Expl. Expedition,

SPHARGIDIDE.

SPHARGIS CORIACEA, Rondelet.—LEATHERBACK TURTLE.—At-
lantiec coast to Massachusetts.
83889—15266. Cast. New York market. E. G. Blackford.

Orver, OPHIDIA.

TROPIDONOTUS RHOMBIFER, Hallow.—WATER SNAKE.—Central
United States.
Color sketch. (Richard.)

TROPIDONOTUS TAXISPILOTUS, Holbrook.—WATER SNAKE.—
South Atlantic States.
Color sketch. (Richard.)

TROPIDONOTUS SIPEDON, Linn.—WATER SNAKE.—Eastern United
States.

Cast. Smithsonian Institution.

TROPIDONOTUS ERYTHROGASTER, Shaw.—WaATER SNAKE.—
Southeastern United States.

Cast. Smithsonian Institution.

IV. BATRACHIANS.

Orper, ANURA.

RANIDZ.
RANA CATESBIANA, Shaw.—BULL-FROG.

Cast. Smithsonian Institution.

Orver, URODELA.
PROTEIDE. +o
NECTURUS LATERALIS,+ Say.—LAKE SALAMANDER.

Living specimens.
.

* NoTE.—Only those species known to feed habitually on fish are here included.
t Devours eggs of Coregonus.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. Tl

MENOPOMIDE.
MENOPOMA ALLEGHENIENSE, Harl.—HELL-BENDER.
9926. Cast. Smithsonian Institution.
AMPHEUMID®.
AMPHIUMA MEANS, Linn.—Mup EEL.

Cast. Smithsonian Institution.

V. FISHES.
Orver, PEDICULATI.

LOPHIID®.
LOPHIUS PISCATORIUS, Linn.—Goosrk FisH; ANGLER.—Nova
Scotia to Cape Hatteras.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photoengraving.

Orver, PLECTOGNATHI.

MOLIDE.

MOLA ROTUNDA, Cuv.—Sun-Fisu.—Newfoundland to Cape Hat-
teras.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

DIODONTID SE.

CHILOMYOCTERUS GEOMETRICUS, (Linn.) Kaup.—BUR-FISH.—
South of Cape Cod; West Indian Fauna, &e.

Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

TETRODONTIDE.

TETRODON LAVIGATUS, (Linn.) Gill—RABBIT-FISH.—Cape Cod
to Florida.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

TETRODON SPENGLERI, Bloch.—BALLOON-FISH.—West Indian
Fauna.

Color sketch. Col. H. M. Drummond-Hay.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

12 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES,
OSTRACIID ZX.
OSTRACION QUADRICORNE, Linn.—Cow-FisH.— West Indian
Fauna.

10008. Cast. Bermudas. G. Brown Goode. March, 1872.
Color sketch. Col. H. M. Drummond-Hay.

BALISTIDZ.

BALISTES VETULA, Linn.—OLDWIFE; [FILE-FISH.—West Indian
Fauna; accidental on coast.

14909. Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission. Oct. 8, 1873.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

ALUTERA SCHOEPEFII, (Walb.) Goode & Bean.—ORANGE F'ILE-FISH.
—Cape Cod to Florida.

14915. Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission. Aug, 14, 1873.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

Orver, LOPHOBRANCHIT.

HEIPPOCAMPIDE.
HIPPOCAMPUS ANTIQUORUM, Leach.—SEA-HORSE; HORSE-FISH.
—Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras.
Photo-engraving.
SYNGNATHIDZ.
SYNGNATHUS PECKIANUS, Storer.—PIPze-FisH.—Newfoundland
to Cape Hatteras.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

Orver, TELEOCEPHALI.

HETEROSOMATA.
SOLEID&.

ACHIRUS LINEATUS, (Linn.) Cuv.— American SoLE; Hoe
CHOKER.—Cape Cod to Florida.
15743. Cast, (upper side.) Wood’s Holl, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission. Feb.
21, 1874,
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. Prof. Alex. Agassiz.
Photo-engraving.

~

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES, 13

PLEURONECTIDS.

PSEUDOPLEURONECTES AMERICANUS, (Walb.) Gill. —FLAt-
FISH; WINTER FLOUNDER.—Nova Scotia to Cape Hat-
teras.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

LIMANDA FERRUGINEA, (Storer) Goode & Bean.—Rusty FLOUN-
DER.—Nova Scotia to Cape Cod.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

GLYPTOCEPHALUS CYNOGLOSSUS, (Linn.) Gill—POLE FLoOUN-
DER.—Maine.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

LOPHOPSETTA MACULATA, (Mitch.) Gill—WATERY FLOUNDER;
SpoTreD TuRBoT.—Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

LEPIDOPSETTA UMBROSA, (Girard) Gill.—Pacific coast.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

PSEUDORHOMBUS DENTATUS, (Linn.) Giinther—CommMon FLOUnN-
DER.—Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras.

10684. Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. (Schindler.) U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

PSEUDORHOMBUS OBLONGUS, (Mitchill) Giinther.—FoUR-SPoT-
TED FLOUNDER.—Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras.

10716. Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving. ;

PSEUDORHOMBUS QUADROCELLATUS, (Gill) Jordan.—Cape
Ann to Florida.
Color sketch. (Schindler.) U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.
HIPPOGLOSSUS VULGARIS, Fleming.—HA.LiputT.—Newfoundland
to Cape Hatteras.
15705. Cast. Eastern Massachusetts. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.
HIPPOGLOSSOIDES PLATESSOIDES, (Fabr.)—Sanp Das.

Photo-engraving.

14 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

PLATYSOMATICHTHYS HIPPOGLOSSOIDES, (Walb.) Goode &
Bean.—GREENLAND TURBOT.—Greenland.

14869. Cast. Newfoundland. E.G. Blackford. Feb., 1874.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

PSETTICHTHYS MELANOSTICTUS, Girard.—CALIFORNIA ——
TED SOLE.”—Coast of Gancoman
Photographs. U.S. Fish Commission.

PLATICHTHYS STELLATUS, (Pall.) Gill—RovucH FLOUNDER.—
Coast of California.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. (Agassiz.) San Francisco. Prof. Alex. Agassiz. Nov.,

1859.
ANACANTHINT.
MACRURIDE.
MACRURUS FABRICH, Sundevall.—Onton-FisH.—North Atlantic.

Photo-engraving.

MACRURUS RUPESTRIS, (Bloch.)—North Atlantic.

Photo-engraving.
MACRURUS BAIRDITI, Goode & Bean.—SPIKE-TAIL.—North Atlantie.

Photo-engraving.

GADIDA.

POLLACHIUS CARBONARIUS, (Linn.) Bon.—PoLLAcK.—Green-
land to ae Dee

Photographs. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

GADUS MORRHUA, Linn.—Cop-F1sH.—Polar Regions to Cape Hat-
' teras.
Color sketch. Albino. (Schindler.)
Photograph. _ U. 8. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. Prof. Alex. Agassiz.
22274. Cast. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

MICROGADUS PROXIMUS, (Girard) Gill—Tom Cop.—Coast of
California.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

MICROGADUS TOMCODUS, (Walb.) Gill—Tom Cop; FRost-FIsH.—
Newfoundland to Cape Hatteras.

14884. Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission. June 11, 1873,
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 15

MELANOGRAMMUS 2:GLEFINUS, (Linn.) Gill—Happock.—New-
foundland to Cape Hatteras.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

Photo-engraving.

PHYCIS CHUSS, (Walb.) Gill—HAKE.—Newfoundland to Cape Hat-
teras.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

PHYCIS TENUIS, (Mitch.) De Kay.—SquirREL Hakr.—Newfound-
land to Cape Hatteras.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.
PHYCIS CHESTERI, Goode & Bean.—LONG-FINNED HAKE.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

PHYCIS REGIUS, (Walb.) Jord. & Gilbert.—SPoTTED CoDLING.—
Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras.

Photo-engraving.

BROSMIUS BROSME, Les.—Cusk.—Nova Scotia to Cape Cod.
16605. Cast. Boston, Mass. Wm. Prior, jr., & Co. Sept. 25, 1875.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

HALOPORPHYRUS VIOLA, Goode & Bean.—BLUE HAKE,

Photo-engraving.

LOTA MACULOSA, (Les.) Rich. BURBOT.—Fresh waters of Northern
North America.
Color sketch. (R6tter.) Prof. Alex. Agassiz.
Photo-engraving.

MERLUCIIDE.

MERLUCIUS BILINEARIS, (Mitech.) Gill.—WuitmNG; SILVER
HAKE.— Nova Scotia to Cape Hatteras.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. Prof. Alex. Agassiz.

LYCODIDE.

ZOARCES ANGUILLARIS (Peck) Storer.—EEL Pout.—Newfound-
land to Cape Hatteras.
(Color sketch.) U.S. Fish Commission.

LYCODES TURNERII, Bean.—Alaska.

Photo-engraving.

16 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

LYCODES VERRILII, Goode and Bean.—North Atlantic.
Photo-engraving.

LYCODES PAXILLUS, Goode and Bean.—North Atlantic coast. .
Photo-engraving.

LYCODES VAHUII, Reinhardt.—North Atlantic.
Photo-engraving.

CRYPTACANTHIDE.

CRYPTACANTHODES MACULATUS, Storer.—SPoTTED WRy-
MOUTH. Nova Scotia to Cape Cod.
Color sketch. Alex. Agassiz.

Photo-engraving.
AMMODYTIDZ.
AMMODYTES AMERICANUS.—SAND EEL.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
STICH EID &.

EUMESOGRAMMUS SUBBIFURCATUS (Storer) Gill.—Nova Sco-
tia to Cape Cod.

Photo-engraving.
XIPHIDIONTIDE.

MURANOIDES GUNELLUS, (Linn.) Goode and Bean.—Rock EEL.—
Nova Scotia to Cape Hatteras.

Photo-engraving.
ANARRHICHADIDE.

ANARRHICHAS MINOR, Olafsen.—WOLF-FISH.—Greenland to
Cape Hatteras.

Photo-engraving.

ANARRHICHAS LUPUS, Linn.—BANDED WOLF-FISH.—North At-
lantic.

Photo-engraving.
BATRACHID.
BATRACHUS TAU, Linn.—ToaD-FISH; OYSTER-FISH.—Nova Scotia

to Gulf of Mexico.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.
PORICHTHYS NOTATUS. Pacific Coast.

Color sketch. (Agassiz.) Simiahmoo, Wash. Terr. Prof, Alex. Agassiz.
June, 1859.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 17

URANOSCOPID®.

ASTROSCOPUS ANOPLUS (Cuv. & Val.) Brevoort.—NAKED STAR-
GAZER.—New York to Florida.
Color sketch.

CYCLOPTERIDZE.

CYCLOPTERUS LUMPUS, Linn.—Lump-FIsH.—North Atlantic.
15688. Cast. New York. E.G. Blackford. May 15, 1874.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

LIPARIDIDE.

LIPARIS LINEATA, (Lepechin) Kroyer.—StRIPED LIPARIS.—North
Atlantic.
(Color sketch. )

EUMICROTREMUS SPINOSUS, (Fabricus) Gill.—North Atlantic
Coast. ©

Photo-engraving.
TRIGLIDE.

DACTYLOPTERUS VOLITANS, (Linn.) Lacep.—FLYING GURNARD.
Temperate and Tropical Atlantic and Mediterranean.
Color sketch.

PRIONOTUS CAROLINUS, (Linn.) Cuv. & Val.—BROAD-FINGERED
SEA RoBIn.—Cape Cod to Florida.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. (Burkhardt.) Prof. Alex. Agassiz.
Photo-engraving.
PRIONOTUS EVOLANS, (Linn.) Gill—SrripED SEA RoBin.—Cape
Cod to Florida.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.
AGONID®.

ASPIDOPHOROIDES MONOPTERYGIUS, (Bloch.) Storer.—Polar
Seas and south to Connecticut.
(Pen sketch. )

COTTIDA.

COTTUS OCTODECIMSPINOSUS, Mitch.—ScuLpin.—Nova Scotia
to Cape Hatteras.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engrayving.

2F

18 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

COTTUS GRGINLANDICUS, Cuv. & Val.—GREENLAND SCULPIN.—
Polar Regions to Cape Cod.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.
COTTUS NEUS, Mitchill—Piamy ScuLpin.—New England Coast.

Photograph. U.S, Fish Commission.

URANIDEA VISCOSA, (Hald.) DeKay.—AMERICAN MILLER’sS
THUMB.
Color sketch. (Roetter.) Plymouth, Mass. Prof. Alex. Agassiz. March,
1869.
MELLETES PAPILIO, Bean.—Alaska.

Photo-engraving.

CENTRIDERMICHTHYS UNCINATUS, (Reinb.) Giinther.—North
Atlantic.

Photo-engraving.

TRIGLOPS PINGELI, Reinh.—North Atlantic.

Photo-engraving.

HE MPT RIPTERIDA.

HEMITRIPTERUS AMERICANUS, (Gmel.) Cuvier.—SEA RAVEN.—
Newfoundland to New York; Seas of Japan.

15736. Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

SCORP ANID.

SEBASTES MARINUS, (Linn.) Liitken.—Norway HAppock; HEm-
DURGAN; RED PERCH.—Polar Seas and south to Cape Cod.

23206. Cast. Gloucester, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

SEBASTOMUS ROSACEUS, (Girard) Gill.— Rosy Rock-FISH.—Coast
of California. |
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
SEBASTOMUS AURICULATUS, (Girard) Gill—BLACK-EARED ROCK-
FISH.—Coast of California.

Color sketch.

SEBASTOMUS FASCIATUS, (Girard) Gill—BANDED ROcCK-FISH.—
Coast of California.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 19
SEBASTOMUS ELONGATUS, (Girard) Gill.—Pacifice Coast.
Color sketch. (Agassiz.)

San Francisco.
1859.

Prof. Alex. Agassiz. Nov.,

SEBASTOSOMUS MELANOPS, (Girard) Gill—BLACK-HEADED ROOK-

FISH.—Coast of California.
Color sketch.

(Agassiz.) San Francisco. Prof. Alex. Agassiz. Nov.,
1859.
SEBASTODES PAUCISPINIS, (Ayres) Gill.—Coast of California.
Color sketch. (Agassiz.) San Francisco. Prof. Alex. Agassiz. Nov.,
1859.
CHIRUS CONSTELLATUS, (Girard) Gill— Rock Trout.”—Coast
of California.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
CHIRUS PICTUS, Girard.—Pacifie Coast.
Color sketch. (Agassiz.) San Francisco. Prof. Alex. Agassiz. Nov.,
1859.

CHIRUS GUTTATUS, Girard.—Coast of California.
Color sketch. Prof. Alex. Agassiz.

SCARUS RADIANS, Val.—SpantsH Porey.—West Indian Fauna.

Color sketch. (Burkhardt.)

New Providence. Prof. Alex, Agassiz;
F.8. Shaw. April, 1861.

SCARID.

PSEUDOSCARUS QUADRISPINOSUS, (Cuv. & Val.) Guich.—RAIn-
Bow FisH.—West indian Fauna.
Color sketch. Col. H. M. Drummond-Hay.

PSEUDOSCARUS, sp.—PARROT-F1sSH.—West Indian Fauna.
25100. Cast. New York market. E.G. Blackford.
Color sketch.

(Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

LABRID&.

TAUTOGA ONITIS, (Linn.) Giinther.—TautToG; BLACK-FISH.—Bay

of Fundy to South Carolina.
10643. Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass.

U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U. 8. Commission.

Color sketch. Prof. Alex. Agassiz.
Photo-engraying.

TAUTOGOLABRUS ADSPERSUS, (Walb.) Gill—CUNNER ; CHOG-
SET.—Newfoundland to Cape Hatteras.
Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass. U. 8. Fish Commission.

Photograph. U.S, Fish Commission.
o>
Photo-engraving.

20 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

HARPE RUFUS, (Linn.) Gill—SpanisH LADyY-FIsH.—West Indian
Fauna.
Color sketch.» Col. H. M. Drummond-Hay.

CH@ROJULIS RADIATUS, (Linn.) Goode.—BLUE-FISH.—West In-
dian Fauna.
Color sketch. Col. H. M. Drummond-Hay.

LACHNOLAAMUS FALCATUS, (Linn.) Val.—West Indian Fauna.
Color sketch. Col. H. M. Drummond-Hay.

POMACENTRIDE.

GLYPHIDODON SAXATILIS, (Linn.)) Cuv.—SERGEANT-MAJOR.—
West Indian Fauna.
Color sketch. Col. H. M. Drummond-Hay.

EMBIOTOCID XE.
EMBIOTOCA WEBBI, Girard.—Coast of California.

Color sketch. U.S. Fish Commission.

EMBIOTOCA JACKSONI, Agassiz.—Coast of California.
Color sketch. (Agassiz.) San Francisco. Prof. Alex. Agassiz. Novy.,

1859.

THNIOTOCA LATERALIS, (Ag.) A. Ag.—STRIPED PERCH.—Coast
of California.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

DAMALICHTHYS VACCA, Girard.—Coast of California.
Color sketch. (Agassiz.) San Francisco. Prof, Alex. Agassiz. April,
1860.
METROGASTER AGGREGATUS, Ag.—Pacific Coast.

Color sketch. (Female.) (Agassiz.) San Francisco, Cal. Prof. Alex.
Agassiz. Dec., 1859.

“HYPSURUS CARYI, Ag.—PERcH.—Pacifie Coast.

Color sketch. San Francisco, Cal. Prof. Alex. Agassiz. April 1, 1860.

PHANERODON FURCATUS, Girard.—Coast of California.

Color sketch. (Female.) (Agassiz.) San Francisco. Prof. Alex. Agassiz,
Nov., 1859.

AMPHISTICHUS ARGENTEUS, Ag.—Coast of California.
(Color sketch. )

AMPHISTICHUS SIMILIS, Girard.—Coast of California.
(Color sketch. )

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 21

HOLCONOTUS PULCHELLUS, A. Ag.—Coast of California.
Color sketch. (Male.) (Agassiz.) San Francisco. Prof. Alex. Agassiz.
April, 1860.
Color sketch. Prof. Alex. Agassiz.
HOLCONOTUS RHODOTERUS, Girard.—Coast of California.
Color sketch. (Female.) (Agassiz.) San Francisco. Prof. Alex. Agassiz.

Dee.,. 1859.

HYPERPROSOPON ARGENTEUS, Gibbon.—Coast of California.
Color sketch. (Female.) (Agassiz.) San Francisco. Prof, Alex. Agassiz.
March, 1860.
Color sketch. (Female.) (Agassiz.) San Francisco. Prof, Alex. Agassiz.
April, 1860. -
Colorsketch. Prof. Alex. Agassiz.

CHETODONTIDE.

CHATODON CAPISTRATUS, Linn.—CoquEetTTEe.—West Indian
Fauna.
(Color sketch.)

HOLACANTHUS CILIARIS, (Linn.) Lac.—ANGEL-FISH.—West In-
dian Fauna.
Color sketch. Col. H. M. Drummond-Hay.

POMACANTHUS ARCUATUS, (Linn.) Cuv.—PALOMETTA.—West
Indian Fauna.

Color sketch. (Burkhardt.) Florida. Prof. Alex. Agassiz. Alive in
Boston Aquarial Garden. June, 1860.

XIPHIID &.
XIPHIAS GLADIUS, Linn.—Sworp-Fisu.—Atlantic and Mediter-
ranean.
Swords.
TETRAPTURUS ALBIDUS, Poey.—SPIKE-FIsH.—Cape Cod to West
Indies.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

HISTIOPHORUS AMERICANUS, Cuv. & Val.—SAIL-FISH.—Atlantie
Coast of America.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

TRICHIURIDE.

TRICHIURUS LEPTURUS, Linn.—HAtIR-TAIL; SCABBARD-FISH.—
Temperate and Tropical Atlantic.

Photo-engraving.

22 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

SCOMBRIDE.
SCOMBER SCOMBRUS, Linn.—MAcKEREL.—Northern Atlantic.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

Color sketch. Prof. Alex. Agassiz.

“The Mackerel.” Original painting by 8. A. Kilbourne for Kilbourne &
Goode’s ‘‘Game Fishes of the United States.” Exhibited by Charles
Seribner’s Sons, New York.

“The Mackerel.” Lithograph in water colors. Illustration to Kilbourne
& Goode’s ‘‘Game Fishes of the United States.” Exhibited by Charles
Scribner’s Sons, New York.

SARDA PELAMYS, (Linn.) Cuv.—Bonrro.—Atlantie and Mediterra-
nean.

16325. Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission. -
Color sketch. New York. Prof. Alex. Agassiz. Oct. 20, 1847.

ORCYNUS THYNNUS, (Linn.) Goode.—TuNnNY; HORSE-MACKEREL.—
Newfoundland to Florida.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketches. (Richard.) U. 8. Fish Commission.

ORCYNUS ALLITERATUS, (Raf.) Gill—LitTLE TuNNy; ALBI-
CORE.—Pelagie.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. Col. H. M. Drummond-Hay.

ORCYNUS PELAMYS, (Linn.) Poey.—OcEANIC Bontto.—Temperate
and Tropical Seas. ;
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

ORCYNUS ALALONGA, (Gmelin) Risso.—LONG-FINNED BoONITO.—
Atlantic, Mediterranean.

Photo-engraving.

CYBIUM MACULATUM, (Mitch.) Cuv.—SpPANIsH MACKEREL.—
Atlantic shores of Tropical and Temperate America.
15367. Cast. Norfolk, Va. U.S. Fish Commission.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

Photo-engraving.

‘The Spanish Mackerel.” Lithograph in water colors. Illustration
from Kilbourne and Goode’s ‘‘Game Fishes of the United States.” Ex-
hibited by Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York.

CYBIUM REGALE, (BI) Cuv.—SpotrED CERo.—West Indian Fauna
and north to Cape Cod.

Photograph. .

Photo-engraving.

ae

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 23

CYBIUM CABALLA, Cuvy. & Val.—CERo.—Atlantic shores of Tropi-
cal and Temperate America.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Photo-engrayving.

CARANGIDA.

NAUCRATES DUCTOR, L.—Temperate and Tropical Seas.

Photo-engraving.

VOMER SETIPINNIS, (Mitch.) Ayres.—SILVER-FISH.— Maine to
Florida. West Indian Fauna.
(Sketch. )

ARGYREIOSUS VOMER, Lac.—SILVER-FISH.—Cape Cod to Florida,
and West Indian Fauna.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

TRACHURUS SAURUS, (Rafinesque)—Scap.—Europe and Massa-
chusetts.

Photo-engraving.

SELENE ARGENTEA, Lac.—Moon-F1su.—Southern Coast.

Photo-engraving.

TRACHUROPS CRUMENOPHTHALMUS, (Bloch.) Gill.—B1G¢-EYED
ScaD; GOGGLE-EYE.—Pelagic.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. Col. H. M. Drummond-Hay.

DECAPTERUS MACARELLUS, (C. & V.) Gill—MACKEREL ScAD.—
West Indian Fauna and north to Massachusetts.

Photo-engraving.

CARANGUS PISQUETUS, (C. & V.)—YELLOW CREVALLE.—Cape
Cod to Florida.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

CARANGUS HIPPOS, (Linn.) Gill—HorseE CREVALLE.—Atlantic
Coasts of Temperate and Trepical America, East Indian,
and Australian Seas.

14850. Cast. Florida. E. G. Blackford.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

CARANGUS CHRYSOS, (Mitch.) Gill—YELLOW MACKEREL.—West
Indian Fauna and north to Cape Cod.
Photograph. , U. 8. Fish Commission.

\

24 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

BLEPHARIS CRINITUS, (Akerly) Gill—THREAD-FISH.—West In-
dian Fauna and north to Cape Cod.
Photographs. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.
TRACHYNOTUS CAROLINUS, (Linn.) Gill_—Pompano.—Atlantic
Coasts of America south of Cape Cod.
15809. Cast. New York market. E. G. Blackford.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
““The Pompano.’ ’Lithograph in water colors. Illustration for Kilbourne
& Goode’s ‘Game Fishes of the United States.” &xhibited by Charles
Seribner’s Sons, New York.
TRACHYNOTUS OVATUS, (Linn.) Gthr.—RounpD PompAano.—Pe-
lagic.
16707. Cast. New York.: E. G. Blackford.»
Color sketch. (Schindler.) U.S. Fish Commission.

TRACHYNOTUS GOREENSIS, Cuv. & Val—AFRICAN POMPANO.—
Tropical Atlantic.
23351. Cast.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

TRACHYNOTUS GLAUCUS, Cuv. & Val.—BANNER PoMPANO.—
Atlantie and Pacific coasts of Tropical America.
Color sketch. (Richaré.) U.S. Fish Commission.

CHLOROSCOMBRUS CHRYSURUS, (Linn.) Gill.

Photo-engraving.

SERIOLA ZONATA, (Mitch.) Cuv. & Val.— BANDED RUDDER-FISH.—
Cape Cod to Florida.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

?SERIOLA LALANDIH, C. & V.—AMBER-FISH.—Atlantic Ocean ;
Japan.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

OLIGOPLITES OCCIDENTALIS, (Linn.) Gill —LEATHER JACKET.—
West Indies ; occasional on coast.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

CORYPHENIDAE.

CORYPH#NA SUEURI, Cuv. & Val.—DoLpum.—Pelagic; occa-
sional on coast.

Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

CORYPHANA PUNCTULATA, (Cuv. & Val.) Gthr.—SMALL-
SPOTTED DOLPHIN.—Pelagic; occasional on coast.
16406, Cast. Noank, Conn. J. H. Latham. Aug. 25, 1875.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 25

NOMEIDZE.

NOMEUS GRONOVII, (Gmel.) Giinther.
Color sketch. Col. H. M. Drummond-Hay.

STROMATEID®E.

PALINURICHTHYS PERCIFORMIS, (Mitch.) Gill—BLAcK Rup-
DER-FISH.—Newfoundland to Cape Hatteras.

Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

PORONOTUS TRIACANTHUS, (Peck.) Gill—HARVEST-FISH ; BuT-
TER-FISH.—Maine to Cape Hatteras.

16571. Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Color sketches. Alex. Agassiz.

PEPRILUS ALEPIDOTUS, (Linn.) Cuv.—SHORT HARVEST-FISH.—
West Indian Fauna and north to New York.
Color sketch.
LATILID®.

CAULOLATILUS MICROPS, Goode & Bean.—Gulf of Mexico.

Photo-engraving.

LOPHOLATILUS CHAMAILEONTICEPS, Goode & Bean.

23345. Cast. Off Noman’s Land. Capt. W. H. Kirby.
Photo-engraving.

BERYCIDE.

HOLOCENTRUM RUFUM, (Linn.) Goode.—SQuirREL. West Indian
Fauna, accidental on coast; found at Newport, R. I.
Color sketch. Col. H. M. Drummond-Hay.

SCEAENIDE.

CYNOSCION REGALIS, (BL) Gill—SQuETEAGUE; WEAK-FISH.—
Cape Ann to Florida.

16216. Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission. July 27, 1875.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

‘“‘The Squeteague, or Weak-Fish.” Original painting in water colors by
S. A. Kilbourne for Kilbourne & Goode’s ‘‘Game Fishes of the United
States.” Exhibited by Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York.

‘The Squeteague, or Weak-Fish.” Lithograph in water colors. Tlus-
tration for Kilbourne & Goode’s ‘‘Game Fishes of the United States.”
Exhibited by Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York.

CYNOSCION CAROLINENSIS, (Cuy. & Val.) Gill—SrpoTrED SQUE,
TEAGUE.—Gulf of Mexico and Southern Atlantic States.

10737. Cast. Southern Coast. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

26 ; FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

POGONIAS CHROMIS, Lacep.—DRumM.—Cape Cod to Florida; Gulf
of Mexico.

15686. Cast. Fisher’s Island Sound. Charles Potter. July 10, 1874.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

HAPLOIDONOTUS GRUNNIENS, Raf—FRESH-WATER DRUM.—
Great Lakes and Mississippi Valley.

15669. Cast. Mississippi Valley. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission. ~
Photo-engraving.

LIOSTOMUS OBLIQUUS, (Mitch.) De Kay.—Spror.—Cape Cod to
Florida. —
15816. Cast. Norfolk, Va. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

LIOSTOMUS XANTHURUS, Lacep.—YELLOW-TAILED SPotT.—South-
ern Atlantic States.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

BAIRDIELLA PUNCTATA, (Linn.) Gill—SILVER-FISH; YELLOW
TAtL.—Cape Cod to Florida.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

SCIAENOPS OCELLATUS, (Linn.) Gill—RED BAss; SPOTTED
Bass.—Cape Cod to Florida; Gulf of Mexico.

15739. Cast. New York. E. G. Blackford.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

MENTICIRRUS ALBURNUS, (Linn.) Gill—SouTHERN KING-FISH.—
Cape Hatteras to Florida.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

MENTICIRRUS NEBULOSUS, (Mitch.) Gill—K1InG-FISH.—Cape Cod
to Florida.

16219. Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission. July 27, 1875.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketches. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

MICROPOGON UNDULATUS, (Linn.) Cuv. & Val.—CRoAKER.—
Atlantic Coasts of America south of Cape Cod.

15810. Cast. Norfolk, Va. U.S. Fish Commission. July 18, 1873.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

PIMELEPTERID SE.

PIMELEPTERUS BOSCII, Lacep.— BREAM.—West Indian Fauna and
north to Cape Cod.
Photo-engraving.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 27

SPARIDE.

LAGODON RHOMBOIDES, (Linn.) Holbrook.—SAatLor’s CHOICE.—

West Indian Fauna and north to Cape Cod.
(Color sketch. )

ARCHOSARGUS PROBATOCEPHALUS, (Walb.) Gill. —SHEEPs-
HEAD.—Cape Cod to Florida; Gulf of Mexico.
15826. Cast. New York market. E.G. Blackford. October 14, 1875.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S, Fish Commission.
STENOTOMUS ARGYROPS, (Linn.) Gill.—Scuppaue; Soup;
Porey.—Cape Ann to Florida.

10724. Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

SARGUS HOLBROOKII, Bean.—CHARLESTON BREAM.— Carolinas.

Photo-engraving,

PRISTIPOMATIDZ.

HAMULON ARCUATUM, Cuv. & Val.— BLUE-CHEEKED RED-
MOUTH.—South Atlantic Coast of United States.
14907. Cast. Florida. E. G. Blackford.

ANISOTREMUS VIRGINICUS, (Linn.) Gill.—South Atlantic Coast
of United States.
Color sketch.

LUTJANUS BLACKFORDII, Goode & Bean.—RED SNAPPER.—
Gulf of Mexico and north to Savannah Bank.
15700. Cast. New York market. E.G. Blackford. May 7, 1874.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.
“The Red Snapper.” Lithograph in water colors. Illustration from
Kilbourne & Goode’s ‘‘Game Fishes of the United States.” Exhibited
by:Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York.

RHOMBOPLITES AURORUBENS, (Cuy. & Val.) Gill—MANGROVE
SNAPPER.—West Indian Fauna.
Photo-engraving.
OCYURUS CHRYSURUS, (BL) Gill—GoLpDEN TAtL.—West Indian
Fauna.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

CENTRARCHID SE.
EUPOMOTIS AUREUS, (Walb.) Gill & Jordan.—Sun-F1sH.—Fresh
waters of Eastern North America.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

28 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

POMOXYS NIGROMACULATUS, (Les.) Girard.—Grass BAss.—
Great Lakes, Mississippi Valley, and Southern Atlantic
States.
17969. Cast. Wilmington, N.C. S. F. Baird.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

AMBLOPLITES RUPESTRIS, (Raf.) Gill— Rock BAss.—Great Lakes
and Mississippi Valley.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

MESOGONISTIUS CHAITODON, (Baird) Gill.— BLACK-BANDED SUN
Fisu.—New Jersey to Maryland.

Photo-engraving.

MICROPTERUS PALLIDUS, (Raf.) Gill & Jordon.—LARGE-MOUTH
Buack Bass.—Great Lakes, Mississippi River and tribu-
taries; Southern States; introduced northward.

Cast. U.S. Fish Commission.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraying.

“The Large-mouth Black Bass.” Lithograph in water colors. Tlustra-
tion from Kilbourne & Goode’s ‘‘Game Fishes of the United States.”
Exhibited by Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York.

MICROPTERUS SALMOIDES, (Lac.) Gil.—SMALL-MOUTHED BLACK
Bass.—Great Lakes and Mississippi Valley; introduced
eastward.

15297. Cast. Potomac River. Maj. Hobbs.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

PERCIDEE.

PERCA FLUVIATILIS, L.—YELLow PERcH.—Fresh waters of East-
ern United States and Western Europe.
14976. Cast. Washington Market. G. Brown Goode. Feb. 27, 1875.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

Photo-engraving.

“The Yellow Perch.” Lithograph in water colors. Tlustration from
Kilbourne & Goode’s ‘‘Game Fishes of the United States.” | Exhibited
by Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York.

STIZOSTEDIUM VITREUM, (Mitch.) Jordan & Copeland, ( Val.) Cope.
—YELLOW PIKE-PERCH.—Fresh waters of Central United
States.
Color sketch. (Roetter.) Sackett’s Harbor, N. Y. Prof. Alex. Agassiz.
Nov., 1868.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 29

STIZOSTEDIUM CANADENSE, (Smith) Jordan.—CANADA PIKE-
PERCH.—St. Lawrence River to the Upper Missouri.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
SERRANID®E.

EPINEPHELUS MORIO, (Cuv.) Gill—RED-BELLIED SNAPPER.—
West Indian Fauna and Southern Atlantic States.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.
EPINEPHELUS DRUMMOND-HAYI, Goode & Bean.—STAR SNAP-

PER; JOHN PAw.—West Indian Fauna to Savannah.
Color sketch. Bermuda. Col. H. Drummond-Hay.

EPINEPHELUS NIGRITUS, Holbrook.—BLAack GRrouUPER.—Coast
of Florida.
21329. Cast. Pensacola, Fla. Silas Stearns.

PROMICROPS GUASA, (Poey) Gill—JEW FisH; GuASA.—West In-
‘ dian Fauna.

25101. Cast. St. John’s River, Fla. Middleton, Carman & Co., N. Y. Weight
of fish, 700 pounds.

CENTROPRISTIS ATRARIUS, (Linn.) Barn.—SEA BAass.—Cape Cod
to Florida.
15684. Cast. (Male.) Noank, Conn. U. 8. Fish Commission. August, 1874.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketches. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

““The Sea Bass, or Southern Black-fish.” Lithograph in water colors.
Illustration for Kilbourne & Goode’s ‘‘Game Fishes of the United
States.” Exhibited by Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York.

DIPLECTRUM FASCICULARE, (Cuv. & Val.) Holb.—SQuIRREL.—
Cape Hatteras to Florida; West Indian Fauna.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

LABRACIDE.

ROCCUS LINEATUS, (Schn.) Gill—STrRirED Bass; ROCK-FISH.—
St. Lawrence to Florida.
Cast. Potomac River. U.S. Fish Commission.
“The Striped Bass, or Rock-fish.” Lithograph in water colors. Illus-
tration from Kilbourne & Goode’s ‘‘Game Fishes of the United States.”
Exhibited by Charles Seribner’s Sons, New York.
ROCCUS CHRYSOPS, (Raf.) Gill—WuirE BAass.—Great Lakes and
Mississippi Valley.
15807. Cast. New York Market. E.G. Blackford. Oct. 7, 1875.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

30 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES

MORONE AMERICANA, (Gmel.) Gill— WHITE PERCH.—Nova Scotia
to Florida.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

EPHEPPID ZX.

PAREPHIPPUS QUADRATUS, (Gun.) Gill.—Moon-FISH.—Cape Cod
to Florida; West Indian Fauna.
14886. Cast. Norfolk, Va. U.S. Fish Commission. July, 1873.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

LOBOTID ZX.

LOBOTES SURINAMENSIS, Cuv.—TRIPLE-TAIL; FLASHER.—Cape
Cod to Florida; West and East Indies.
16202. Cast. New York market. E. G. Blackford. July 20. 1875.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

POMATOMID®.

POMATOMUS SALTATRIX, (Linn.) Gill—BLUE-FISH.— Pelagic.
15871. Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass. V.N. Edwards. June 11, 1873,
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketches. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

“The Blue Fish.” Lithograph in water colors. Iustration from Kil-
bourne & Goode’s ‘‘Game Fishes of the United States.” Exhibited by
Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York.

ELACATIDAE.
ELACATE CANADUS, (Linn.) Gill—CoBiA; CRAB-EATER.—Cape
Cod to West Indies.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

PRIACANTHID £.

PSEUDOPRIACANTHUS ALTUS, (Gill) Bleeker.—SHORT BIG-EYE.
—Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

ECHENEIDIDA.
LEPTECHENEIS NAUCRATEOIDES, (Zuiew.) Gill—REMORA ;
SUCKER-FISH.—Coast generally.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

RHOMBOCHIRUS OSTEOCHIR, (Cuv.) Gill—SPEAR-FISH SUCKER.
—Parasite of the Bill. fish (Tetrapturus albidus),

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Color sketches. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. . 31

SPHYR ZNIDAE.

SPHYRANA BOREALIS, De Kay.—NORTHERN BARRACUDA.—Cape
Cod to Florida,
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

SPHYRANA SPET, (Hany) Goode.

Color sketch. Col, H. M. Drummond-Hay.

PERCESOCES.
NEUGHEEED AG.
MUGIL ALBULA, Linn.—MULLET.—Cape Cod to Florida.

15723. Cast. New York market, E. G. Blackford.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

ATHERINID®.

CHIROSTOMA NOTATUM, (Mitch.) Gill—SILVER-SIDES; FRIAR.—
Maine to Florida.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

HEMIBRANCHIIL.
GASTEROSTEIDZE.

PYGOSTEUS OCCIDENTALIS, (Cuv. & Val.) Brevoort.—TEN-SPINED
STICKLE-BACK.—Newfoundland to Cape Hatteras.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
APELTES QUADRACUS, (Mitch.) Brev.—FOUR-SPINED STICKLE-
BACK.—New Brunswick to Florida.

Photograph. U.S. Tish Commission.
AULOSTOMID A.

AULOSTOMA MACULATUM, Val.—TRUMPET-FISH.—West Indian
Fauna.
Color sketch. Col. H. M. Drummond-Hay.

SYNENTOGNATHI.
BELONID®.

BELONE LONGIROSTRIS, (Mitech.) Gill.—SILVER GAR-FISH.—Cape
Cod to Florida.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

32 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

BELONE LATIMANUS, Poey.—SILVER GAR-FISH.—Cape Cod to
Florida.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

BELONE HIANS, Cuv. & Val.—Bow-MOUTHED GAR-FISH.— West
Indian Fauna.

Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission,

SCOMBERESOCIDAE.

EXOC@GTUS EXILIENS, Gmel.—BuUTTERFLY FLYING-FISH.—West
Indian Fauna and north to Cape Cod.
Color sketch. Col. H. M. Drummond-Hay.

CYPSELURUS FURCATUS, (Mitch.) Weinland.—BEARDED FLy-
ING-FISH.—A tlantie.
Color sketch. Col. H. M. Drummond-Hay.

SCOMBERESOX SCUTELLATUS, Les.—HALF-BEAK; SKIPPER.—
Nova Seotia to Florida.

Color sketches. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

HAPLOMI.
ESOCID ®.

ESOX AMERICANUS, Gmelin.—Brook PICKEREL.—Massachusetts
to Maryland.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engrayving.

ESOX RETICULATUS, Lesueur.—PICKEREL.—Atlantic slope, New
England to Alabama.
15012. Cast. Washington, D. C. G. Brown Goode.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. (Roetter.) East Wareham, Mass. Museum of Comp.
Zoology. Feb., 1869.

ESOX LUCIUS, Linn.—Pike.—Northern America, Asia, and Europe.
14875. Cast. Sandusky, Ohio. J. W. Milner. Nov. 3., 1873. ;
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

ESOX NOBILIOR, Thompson.—MvUsKALONGE (weight 37 pounds).—
Great Lakes and Southern British Provinces east of Rocky |
Mountains.

14895. Cast. Sandusky, Ohio. J. W. Milner. Oct., 1873.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. (Roetter.) Prof. A. Agassiz.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 33

UMBRIDE.
DALLIA PECTORALIS, Bean. Alaska.

Photo-engraving.
CYPRINODONTID®.

HYDRARGYRA MAJALIS, (Walb.) Val—May-FisH. Brackish wa-
ters ; Cape Ann to Cape Hatteras.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

ISOSPONDYLI.
CHAULIODONTID ZX.
CHAULIODUS SLOANEI, Schneider. North Atlantic.

Photo-engraving.
STOMEATIDE.
ECHIOSTOMA BARBATUM, Lowe. North Atlantic.

Photo-engraving.

STOMIAS FEROX, Reinhardt. North Atlantic.

Photo-engraving.
SYNODONTIDE.

TRACHINOCEPHALUS MYOPS, (Schn.) Gill. Cape Hatteras to
Florida.

Photo-engraving.

MEICROSTOMIDE.

OSMERUS MORDAX, (Mitch.) Gill—SmeLr; FrRost-FIsH.—Nova
Scotia to Cape Hatteras.
15808. Cast. Maine. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

ARGENTINA SYRTENSIUM, Goode & Bean.—WESTERN ARGEN-
TINE.—Deep-sea Fauna of Western Atlantic.

Photo-engraving.
COREGONID AE.

COREGONUS CLUPEIFORMIS, (Mitch.) Milner.—WHITE-FISH.—
Great Lakes and British America.
16741. Cast. Michigan. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
3F

vi
ihe!

34 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

COREGONUS LABRADORICUS, Rich.—LAKE WHITING.—Northern
Lakes.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

PROSOPIUM QUADRILATERALE, ( Rich.) Milner.‘ SHAD-WAITER.”
—Great Lakes and northward.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

PROSOPIUM COUESII, Milner.—CHIEF MOUNTAIN LAKE WHITE
FISsH.—Upper Missouri Region.

ARGYROSOMUS ARTEDI, (Les.) Hoy.—HERRING WHITE-FISH.—
Great Lakes, etc.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

SALMONEIDE.
SALMO SALAR, Linn.—SALmMon.—North America and Europe.

Cast. (Delaware River.) U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
415. Water-color sketch. U.S. Fish Commission.

Photo-engraving.

“The Atlantic Salmon.” Lithograph in water colors. Illustration
from Kilbourne & Goode’s ‘‘Game Fishes of the United States.” Ex-
hibited by Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York.

Oil painting—‘“‘A salmon from the York River, Gaspé, Lower Canada.”
Exhibited by Walter M. Brackett, Boston. The scene in the back-
ground is on the York River,

SALMO SALAR, subsp. SEBAGO, Girard.—SEBAGO SALMon (land-
locked)—St. Croix River and Sebago Lake. Introduced
into other lakes.

15977. Cast. Sebago Lake, Me. J. R. Dillingham.
15978. Cast. Sebago Lake, Me. J. R. Dillingham.
Color sketches. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

SALMO KENNERLYI, Suckley.—RED SALMon.—Pacifie Coast.

Photo-engraving.

SALMO QUINNAT, Richardson.—QUINNAT or SACRAMENTO SALMON.
—Northwest Coast of America; south to California.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving. |

SALVELINUS NAMAYCUSH, (Penn.) Goode.—NAMAYCUSH TROUT},

LAKE TrovutT.—Northern Lakes.

10312. Cast. Moosehead Lake, Me. E. M. Stillwell.

15925. Cast.
Color sketches. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

,

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 35

SALVELINUS FONTINALIS, (Mitch.) Gill & Jordan.—Broox
TrRovur.—Rivers and Lakes of British North America and
of the northern parts of the United States and Appala-
chian Range.

15958. Cast. Bay City, Mich. U.S. Fish Commission.
15470. Cast. Sysladobsis Lake, Me. ‘‘ Dobsis Club,” through Judge Harvey
Jewell. June, 1875.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
“The Eastern Red-speckled Trout.” Lithograph in water colors. Tlus-
tration from Kilbourne & Goode’s ‘‘Game Fishes of the United States,”
Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York.
SALVELINUS OQUASSA, (Girard) Gill & Jordan.—OQuaAssA
TroutT.—Rangely Lake, Me., and vicinity.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
THYMALLUS TRICOLOR, Cope.—MIcHIGAN GRAYLING.—Northern
portion southern peninsula of Michigan.
15226. Cast. Au Sable River, Mich. Fred. Mather. April 7, 1875.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

ALEPIDOSAURIDE.

ALEPIDOSAURUS FEROX, Lowe.—LANCET-MoUTH.—North Atlan-
tic.

Photo-engraving.
ALEPOCEPHALIDE.
ALEPOCEPHALUS BAIRDII, Goode & Bean.—North Atlantic coast.

Photo-engraving.
ALBULIDE.

ALBULA VULPES, (Linn.) Goode.—LApDyY-FISH.—Pelgaic ; Tropical
and Subtropical Seas.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

Photo-engraving.

HYODONTIDE.

~ HYODON TERGISUS, Les.—Moon-EYE.—Great Lakes and Missis-
sippi Valley.
Photograph. U. S. Fish Commission.

ELOPID®.

ELOPS SAURUS, Linn.—Bic-EYED HERRING.—Tropical and Sub-
tropical Seas.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
MEGALOPS THRISSOIDES, (Schn.) Giinther—TAarPuM.—Cape Cod

to Florida.
Photograph. Newport, R. I. S. Powell. Aug., 1874.

36 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

CLUPEIDEA.

BREVOORTIA TYRANNUS, (Latr.) Goode.-—MENHADEN; Moss-
BUNKER; POGIE.—Newfoundland to Gulf of Mexico.
Cast. Coast of Maine. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. Prof. Alex. Agassiz.

BREVOORTIA PATRONUS, Goode.—GULF MENHADEN.—Gulf of
Mexico.

Alcoholic. Pensacola, Fla. S. Stearns.

ALOSA SAPIDISSIMA, (Wilson) Storer.—SHap.—Newfoundland to
Florida.
Cast. Potomac River. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

POMOLOBUS VERNALIS, (Mitchill) Goode and Bean.—ALEWIFE ;
GASPEREAU.—Newtoundland to Florida.

Photograph.
Photo-engraving.

POMOLOBUS /ESTIVALIS, (Mitchill) Goode and Bean.—SUMMER
OR GLUT; ALEWIFE.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

Photo-engraying.

POMOLOBUS MEDIOCRIS, (Mitch.) Gill—MatTtTowacca; TAILOR
HERRING ; SEA SHAD.—Newfoundland to Florida.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

CLUPEA HARENGUS, Linn.—HERRING; SEA HERRING.—North
Atlantic.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Coiumission.
BOROSOMEID &.

DORYSOMA CEPEDIANUM (lLac.), Gill—Mup SHAD; WINTER
SHAD.—Cape Cod to St. John’s River, Fla.
15695. Cast. Washington market. G. Brown Goode. Dec., 1874.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

ENGRAULIDIDA.

ENGRAULIS VITTATA, (Mitch.) B. & G.—ANcHOVy.—Cape Cod to
Cape Hatteras.

Photo-engraving.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 37

EVENTOGNATHI.
CATOSTOMEID®.

CATOSTOMUS TERES, (Mitchill) Les—Common SuckEer.—Eastern
Northern America.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

MYXOSTOMA MACROLEPIDOTUM, (Les.) Jordan—STRIPED
SUCKER.—Mississippi Valley and Great Lakes.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
CYCLEPTUS ELONGATUS, (Les.) Ag.—BLAck SucKER.—Missis-
sippi Valley.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
ERIMYZON SUCETTA, (Lac.) Jordan.—Cuus Sucker.—Eastern
United States.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission
BUBALICHTHYS URUS, Ag.—BuFFALo CarP.—Mississippi Valley.
23558, Cast. Madison, Ind. George Spangler. Weight, 49 pounds.
CARPIODES CYPRINUS, (Les.) Ag —AMERICAN CARP.—Eastern

United States.
10780. Cast. Sandusky, Ohic. J. W. Milner. Nov. 3, 1875.

CYPRINIDE.
PTYCHOCHEILUS GRANDIS, (Ayres) Girard.—“ Pixn.”—Pacifie

Slope.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

NOTEMIGONUS CHRYSOLEUCUS, (Mitch.) Jordan.—SHmNER.—
Eastern Atlantie States.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.
LEUCISCUS PULCHELLUS, Storer.

Color sketch. (Burkhardt.) New Bedford, Mass. Prof. Alex. Agassiz.

1861.
a ote y ray at ray i .
Orver NEMATOGNATHI.
SELURIDZ.
AMIURUS CATUS, (Linn.) Gill—Horn Pour.—Eastern North
America.
Color sketch. Prof. Alex. Agassiz. Natural size drawing by P. Roetter
from a fresh specimen, East Wareham, Mass., Feb., 1869; weight, 13 lbs.

“8. T. Tisdale says he has seen the young of this species following the
mother like a brood of chickens.”—WS. note.

Th

38 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.
ICHTHZLURUS FURCATUS, (C. & V.) Gill—CHANNEL CAT-FISH.—
Mississippi Valley.
15787. Cast. Carrollton, Ky. J. W. Milner. Noy. 5, 1873.

AMIURUS PONDEROSUS, Bean.

23388. Cast. St. Louis, Mo. J. G. W. Steedman.
Weight. 150 pounds.

Orver APODES.
CONGRID &.
CONGER OCEANICA, (Mitch.) Gill—ConGER ErL.—Newfoundland

to West Indies.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
ANGUILLIDE.

ANGUILLA VULGARIS, Turton.—Common EEL.—Eastern United
States.
15731. Cast. New York. E.G. Blackford. Aug. 26, 1874.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Color sketches. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

NEMICHTHYVIDA.

NEMICHTHYS SCOLOPACEUS Rich.—SnipE EEL.—Deep waters
of the Atlantic.
Photo-engraving.

SYNAPHOBRANCHIDE.
SYNAPHOBRANCHUS PINNATUS, (Gronow) Giinther.—MADEIRA
EEL.—Deep waters of the Atlantic.
Photo-engraving. ,

SIMENCHELYVID®E.

SIMENCHELYS PARASITICUS, Gill.—PuvuG-NosED EEL.—North At-
lantic Coast.

Photo-engraving.

Orver CYCLOGANOIDEL.
AMAED AR.

AMIA CALVA, Linn.—Muvp-Fisu.—Central and Southeastern United
States.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 39.

Orver RHOMBOGANOIDET.

LEPIDOSTEIDE.

LEPIDOSTEUS OSSEUS, Linn.—Gar PIKE.—Mississippi Valley and
Atlantic States south of Delaware River.

15366. Cast. Potomac River. J. W. Milner.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

LEPIDOSTEUS PLATYSTOMUS, Raf.—SHORT-NOSED GAR PIKE.—

Great Lakes and streams south and west to the Rocky
Mountains.

Photo-engraving.

Orver SELACHOSTOML
POLYODONTID®.

POLYODON FOLIUM, Lac.—PADDLE-FISsH.—Fresh waters of Missis-
sippi Valley.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

Orver CHONDROSTET.
ACIPENSERIDE.

ACIPENSER STURIO, Linn.—SHARP-NOSED STURGEON.—North At-
lantic; ascending rivers.
14877. Potomac River. J. W. Milner.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

ACIPENSER BREVIROSTRIS, Les.—SHORT-NOSED STURGEON.—At-
lantic Coast of United States.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

ACIPENSER RUBICUNDUS, Les.—LAKE STURGEON.—Great Lakes
and south.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
SCAPHYRHYNCHOPS PLATYRHYNCHUS, (Raf.) GilL—SHOVEL-
NOSED STURGEON.—Mississippi Valley.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

my

40 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

VI. ELASMOBRANCHIATES.
Orver HOLOCEPHALLT.

CHIM ARID.
CHIMARA PLUMBEA, Gill.—BRrown CHIMa:RA.—Deep waters of
Western Atlantic.

Photo-engraving.
Color sketch.

Orver RALA.
MYLIOBATIDE.

MYLIOBATIS FREMENVILLEI, (Les.) Storer.—EAGLE Ray.—
Cape Cod to Florida.

16603. Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission. Sept. 23, 1875.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

MYLIOBATIS CALIFORNICUS, Gill—CALIForRNIA Sting RAY.—
Coast of California.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
RHINOPTERA QUADRILOBA, (Les.) Cuv.—Cow-NosED Ray.—
Cape Cod to Florida.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

AETOBATIS NARINARI, (Euphr.) M. & H.
Color sketch. Col. H. W. Drummond-Hay.

TRYGONETD &.
TRYGON CENTRURA, (Mitch.) Gill—Srinc Ray.—Cape Cod to
Florida.
Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
PTEROPLATEA MACLURA, Mull. & Henle—ButTTERFLY Ray.—
Cape Cod to Florida.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

TORPEDINIDE.

TORPEDO OCCIDENTALIS, Storer.—TorPEDO; CRAMP-FISH.—Cape
Cod to Florida.

Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. Al
RAITIDA.
RAIA ERINACEA, Mitchill —CLEAR-NOSED SKATE.—Nova Scotia to
Florida.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketches. U.S. Fish Commission.
Color sketches. Prof. Alex. Agassiz.

RAIA OCELLATA, Mitchill—Srotrep SkATE.—New England Coast.
Color sketch. Richard. U.S. Fish Commission.
Photo-engraving.

RAIA GRANULATA, Gill—North Atlantic Coast.

Photo-engraving.

RAIA LAVIS, Mitch.—SHARP-NOSED SKATE.—Nova Scotia to Florida.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

RHEINOBATID®.

RHINOBATUS PRODUCTUS, Girard.—LONG-NOSED SKATE.—Coast
of California.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
PRISTIDE.

PRISTIS ANTIQUORUM, (Limn.) Lath.—Saw-FisH.—Cape Cod to
Florida; Tropical Seas.
12453. Stuffed skin. Florida. H. A. Ward.

SQUATINEDE.

SQUATINA DUMERILI, Les.—Monk-FIsu; FIDDLE-FISH.—Cape Cod
to Florida; Temperate and Tropical Seas.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Comunission.

Orver SQUALI.
LAMNIDE.

LAMNA CORNUBICA.—MACKEREL SHARK.—Newfoundland to
Florida.

Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.

ODONTASPIDIDE.
CARCHARIAS LITTORALIS, (Mitchill..—Sanp SHark.—Pelagic.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.

42 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

ALOPECID EE.

ALOPIAS VULPES, (Linn.) Bon.—THRESHER ; SWINGLE-TAIL.—At-'
lantic and Mediterranean.
15733. Cast. Wood’s Holl, Mass. U. 8. Fish Commission.

SPHYRNIDE.

SPHYRNA ZYGAINA, (Linn.) Mull. & Henle.— HAMMER-HEAD
SHARK.—Tropical and Subtropical Seas.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commission.
RENICEPS TIBURO, (Linn.) Gill. —SHOVEL-HEAD SHARK.—Atlantic
and Western Pacific.
Color sketch.

GALEORHINIDAE.

ISOGOMPHODON MACULIPINNIS, Poey.—SPo?rrED-FIN SHARK.—
Tropical and Subtropical Seas.
Color sketch. (Richard.) U. S. Fish Commission.
GALEOCERDO TIGRINUS, Mull & Henle.—TIGER SHARK.—At-
lantic ; Indian Ocean.
Photograph. U. 8. Fish Commission.
MUSTELUS CANIS, (Mitch.) De Kay.—SmootH DoG-FIsH.—Cape
- Cod to Cape Hatteras.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
GINGLY MOSTOMATIDE.

‘GINGLYMOSTOMA CIRRATUM, (Gmel.) M. & H.—NURSE-SHARK.—
Tropical Atlantic.

Color sketch.
SPEVNACEHDE.

SQUALUS AMERICANUS, (Storer) GillL—SPINED DoG-FISH.—New-
foundland to Cape Hatteras.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Commission.
SCWVENED A.

SOMNIOSUS MICROCEPHALUS, (Bloch.) Gill —SLEEPER SHARK.—.
North Atlantic.

Photograph. U.S. Fish Comunission.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 43

VII. MARSIPOBRANCHIATES.

Orver, HY PEROARTIA.
PETROWYZONTIDE.

PETROMYZON AMERICANUS.—LAMPREY EEL.

Color sketches. (Richard.) U.S. Fish Commisson.

INVERTEBRATES.
I. MOLLUSKS.

Novre.—As a matter of convenience all invertebrates, except OYSTERS,
are aranged in Section E of this catalogue. The collections of economic
invertebrates were prepared by Mr. William H. Dall for the International
Exhibition of 1876 in Philadelphia, and the arrangement is that pro-
posed by him.

Orver, ACKPHALA.
OSTREA VIRGINICA, Gmelin —EAST AMERICAN OYSTERS.

1. Series illustrating geographical distribution.
32784. Northern variety (0. borealis, Lam.) Prince Edward’s Island. J. W.
Dawson.
32813. Nova Scotia. J. H. Willis.
32785. Shediac, New Brunswick. W. H. Dall.
33092. ‘‘Pourrier Bed.” Shediac, New Brunswick. G. F. Mathew.
33093. ‘“Buctouche.” Kent County, New Brunswick. G. F. Mathew.
32783. Miramichi River, New Brunswick. W. H. Dall.
32977. Indigenous oyster, now extinct. Shell-heaps. Damariscotta, Maine.
Robert Dixon.
32978. Ditto. Shell-heaps. Sheepscot River, Maine. Robert Dixon.
32810. Indigenous oyster (var. borealis). Buzzard’s Bay, Mass. Dr. Wm,
Stimpson.
32814. Specimens showing color-bands. Rhode Island. General Totten.
Notre.—The following series of oysters from the vicinity of New York
were furnished by Mr. B. J. M. Carley, oyster-dealer, of Fulton Mar-
ket, New York, through Mr. E. G. Blaciford :
90. ‘*Greenwich.” Greenwich, Conn.
77. ‘Blue Point.” Long Island, New York.
79. “Lloyd’s Harbor.” Long Island, New York.
1. ‘Cow Bay.” . Long Island, New York.
1. “‘Glenwood.” Glenwood, Long Island, New York.
312. “‘Cove.” Long Island, New York.
20. ‘City Island.” Long Island Sound, New York.

eran
co OO

eo 02 Oo te
f&eegcggs
we

eo te

ra

32919.
32778,
32915.
33788.

32976.

33096.
33097.
33098.
33100.
33099.
33101.
33095.
33103.
33104,
33102.

32805.
32806,
32807.
32808,

32800.
32801.
32802.
32803.
32804.

32958, Young spat on various stools. South Norwalk, Conn.

32957. One year old. South Norwalk, Conn.

32967. Two to three years old. Natural growth. South Norwalk, Conn.
32965. Three to four years old. Natural growth. South Norwalk, Conn.
32965. “Cullers.” Three to four years old. South Norwalk, Conn.
32962. Three years after transplantation. South Norwalk, Conn.

32964, “Box.” Four to six years old. South Norwalk, Conn.

32916, ‘“Cullers.” Three years old. Vicinity of New York.

32918. “Single extra.” Four years old. Vicinity of New York.

776. “Double extra.” Vicinity of New York.

32917. ‘“Box.” Three years old. Vicinity of New York.

sD
32

~

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

‘Mill Pond.” Cow Bay, Long Island, New York.
“‘Shrewsburys.” Shrewsbury River, New Jersey.

“Egg Island.” Three years old. Morris Cove, Delaware.
“Chesapeake.” Crisfield, Md. E.G. Blackford.
Pokamoke, Virginia. KE. G. Blackford.

Nore.—The following series from the waters of Virginia and Maryland,
all indigenous or *‘ natural growths ” as distinguished from ‘ plants,”
were selected by Mr. G. W. Harvey, and furnished by Harvey & Hol-
den, oyster-dealers of Washington, D. C.:

‘St. Gerome River.” Maryland.
“‘Deep Creek.” Eastern shore of Maryland.
‘Tangier Sound.” Chesapeake Bay.
‘Little River.” Western shore of Maryland.
“Point Lookout Creek.” Virginia.
“Naswaddox.” Eastern shore of Virginia.
‘ Rappahannock.” Rappahannock River, Virginia.
‘York River.” York River, Virginia.
‘‘Cherrystones.” Chesapeake Bay.
‘‘Presby’s Creek.” Presby’s Creek, Virginia.

The following series from Florida were furnished by Kossuth Niles, U.

Ss. Ne:

‘“Appalachicola Bay.” Appalachicola Bay, Florida.
‘Cat Point.” Same locality.
Same locality.
“Raccoon oysters.” Appalachicola Bay, Florida.

The following series from the vicinity of New Orleans were selected by

M. Zatarain, and furnished by W. Alex. Gordon, esq., of New Orleans,
La. :

‘*Timbalier Bay.” Louisiana.

‘Southwest Pass.” Louisiana.

“ Bayou Cook.” Louisiana.

“Four Bayous.” Louisiana.

“Grand Lake.” Louisiana.

2. Series illustrating culture and individual variations:

That portion of the series from South Norwalk, Conn., was fur-
nished by Hoyt Bros. of that place, at the instance of James
Richardson, esq. The portion of the series from the vicinity of
New York was furnished by Mr. J. B. M. Carley through Mr. E.
G. Blackford, of New York.

a. Growth. 1-20 years old:

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 45

b. Peculiarities of form and growth:

32959. “Pinched” oyster from muddy bottom. South Norwalk, Conn.

32930. Showing the effect of transplanting the ‘“‘ pinched” from a muddy to
a hard bottom. South Norwalk, Conn.

32787. Form caused by growing in a tideway. Vicinity of New York.

32786. Form caused by growing in still water. Vicinity of New York.

32974. Curious forms of shell. South Norwalk, Conn.

32782. Peculiar growth. Vicinity of New York.

32795. Specimens of peculiar form. Vicinity of New York.

32971. Natural growth on stone. South Norwalk, Conn.

32973. Natural growth on part of stone jug. South Norwalk, Conn.

32972. Natural growth on shells. South Norwalk, Conn.

32970. Natural growth on bottle. South Norwalk, Conn.

32969. Natural growth on crab. South Norwalk, Conn.

32780. Illustrating methods of attachment. Vicinity of New York.

32914. Blue Point ‘‘seed.” Long Island, New York.

32789. Rosette of oysters. Vicinity of New York.

32792. Shell growing on Mactra shell. Vicinity of New York.

32794. “Seed” on old rubber boot. Vicinity of New York.

32793. “Seed” growing on stone. Vicinity of New York.

32895. ‘‘Seed” on rubber shoe. Vicinity of New York.

32894. ‘‘Seed” on bone. Vicinity of New York.

32797. ‘‘Seed” on bark. Vicinity of New York.

32796. “Seed” on leather shoe. Vicinity of New York.

32932. ‘‘Seed” on old boot-leg. Vicinity of New York.

c. Enemies and parasites :

32927. Specimens injured by whelk. South Norwalk, Conn.

32929, Specimens injured by hairy whelk. South Norwalk, Conn.

32928. Specimens perforated by “drill.” South Norwalk, Conn.

32963a. Specimen injured by boring worm (an Annelid). South Norwalk,
Conn.

32956. Specimens killed by star-fish. South Norwalk, Conn.

32963. Specimens showing ravages of Cliona or boring sponge. South Nor-
walk, Conn.

For commensal crab, see Crustacea.

33092a. Lime derived from oyster shells. Use in medicine and as a fertili-

zer. Washington, D.C. W. H. Dall.

SERIES OF ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE EMBRYOLOGY OF THE
AMERICAN OYSTER, PREPARED FOR THE MARYLAND FISH COM-
MISSION BY DR. W. K. BROOKS, PH. D., OF JOHNS HOPKINS UNI-
VEBSITY, BALTIMORE,

EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES.

Unless the contrary is stated, the figures are drawn with a
magnifying power of 250 diameters; Zeiss. F.2, but it was neces-
sary to amplify the sketches considerably in order to repro-
duce, by the process of photo-engraving, the features which
this magnifying power rendered visible, and the figures as they
are reproduced are of about twice the diameter of camera
sketches made with the same magnifying power.

The first thirty-two figures show the process of segmentation.
Figure 1 is an egg at the end of the first period of rest; Figures
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, the changes during the first period of activity ;

ae

46

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Fignres 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13, the changes during the second
period of rest; Figures 14, 15, and 16, those which take place dur-
ing the second period of activity; 17, 18, and 19, those which take
place during the third period of rest; 20 and 21, during the third
period of activity; 22, during the fourth period of activity; 23,
during the fifth period of activity, and the remaining figures
show more widely separated stages. In all the figures of seg-
mentation, except 29, 30, and 31, the formative pole is above and
the nutritive pole below.

Figure 1.—Eggs two hours and seven minutes after fertiliza-
tion. It is now perfectly spherical, with an external membrane,
and the germinative vesicle is not visible.

Figure 2.—The same egg two minutes later. It is now elon-
gated; one end is wider than the other, and a transparent area
at the broad end marks the point where the polar globules are
about to appear. At the opposite end the external membrane is
wrinkled by waves which run from the nutritive towards the
formative pole in rapid succession for about fifteen seconds.

Figure 3.—The same egg two minutes later.

Figure 4.—The same egg two minutes later. The yolk has be-
come pear-shaped. The polar globuie has appeared at the form-
ative pole, in the middle of the broad end of the pear, and the
nutritive end of the egg is now less granular than the formative
end.

Figure 5.—The same egg two minutes later, Three equidistant
furrows have made their appearance, separating it into a single
mass at the nutritive pole, and two at the formative pole. At
this stage the three masses are about equal in size.

Figure 6.—The same egg two minutes later. The first micro-
mere, ¢, is now perfectly separated, and smaller than the second,
b, and each is smaller than the macromere, a.

Figure 7.—The same egg one minute later. Both micromeres
are separated and are spherical, as is also the macromere. This
stage ends the first period of activity.

Figure 8.—The same egg forty-five seconds later. The two mi-
cromeres have begun to fuse with each other, and the second mi-
cromere, b, is also partially fused with the macromere, a.

Figure 9.—The same egg one minute later. The first micro-
mere, ¢, has also begun to unite with the macromere.

Figure 10.—The same egg one minute later. The line between
the second micromere and macromere has disappeared, and the
first micromere, c, now projects from one end of the elongated
mass formed by the union of the sphernles a and b.

Figure 11.—The same egg three minutes later. The fusion of
a and b is now complete, and a large transparent vesicle is now
visible in the first micromere, c, and another in the compound
mass, ab.

Figure 12.—The same egg two minutes and thirty seconds later.

Figure 13.—Another egg, about two minutes later. This is the
true resting stage, at the end of the second period of rest. The
two vesicles have become irregular. The remains of an external
membrane adhere to one side of the egg.

Figure 14.—The same egg seven minutes later than Figure 13.
The compound mass, a and 8, is elongated, the first micromere, ¢,
is well defined, and waves travel from the nutritive towards the
formative ends of the two masses. Two segmentation nuclei oc-

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 4%

cupy the positions of the large vesicles of earlier stages. This
stage is the beginning of the second period of activity.

Figure 15.—The same egg one minute later. The second mi-
cromere, b, is now well defined, as well as the first.

Figure 16.—The same egg one minute later. This stage marks
the end of the second period of activity. The formative end of
the egg is now occupied by four micromeres, two of which seem
to be the products of the division of the first micromere, c, and
two of them the products of the second, b.

Figure 17.—The same egg two minutes later, at the commence-
ment of the third period of rest. The second micromere, b, has
again begun to fuse with the macromere, a.

Figure 18.—The same egg three minutes and thirty seconds
later. The second micromere is no longer separated from the
macromere, and mass, @ and b, formed by their unien is nearly
spherical.

Figure 19.—The same egg two minutes and a half later, at the
end of the third period of rest, viewed at right angles to Figure 18.

Figure 20.—The same egg thirteen minutes later, and in the
same position as Figure 18. The spherule, c, of figure 19 has
divided into two, and the second micromere, b, has become promi-
nent, so that there are five micromeres at the formative pole.

Figure 21.—The same egg one minute later, and in the same
position as figure 19,

Figure 22.—The same egg in the position of figure 20, fifteen
minutes iater than figure 21, and in the fourth period of activity.
There are now seven micromeres at the formative pole, six on one
side of the polar globules and one, the second micromere, }, on
the other. ‘

Figure 23.—The same egg twenty-one minutes later, viewed
from the side opposite the second micromere. The cells which
have been formed by the division of the micromeres of the stage
19 now form a layer, the ectoderm, which rests, like a cap, on
the macromere, a.

Figure 24.—The same egg five hours and fifteen minutes later,
in the same position as figure 22, but not quite as much magni-
tied. On one side the polar globule is still separated from the
macromere, a, by a single spherule—the second micromere, b.
Opposite this the growing edge, g, of the ectoderm is spreading
still farther down over the macromere. At the point g, and at
four other points, are pairs of small cells, which have evidently
been formed by the division of the larger spherules.

Figure 25.—Another egg at about the same stage.

Figure 26.—The egg shown in figure 24, fifty-five minutes later.
The macromere, a, is almost covered by the ectoderm, and the
second micromere, }, has divided into a number of spherules. At
the growing edge, g, an ectoderm spherule is seen separating
from the macromere.

Figure 27.—A similar view of an egg twenty-seven hours after
impregnation. The macromere is almost covered by the ecto-
derm, ec, and is not visible in a side surface view. At g is an
ectoderm spherule, which is separating from the macromere.

Figure 28.—Optical section of the same egg; ec, eetoderm ; en,.
macromere, divided into two spherules. No segmentation cavity
can be seen in a normal egg at this or any of the preceding
stages.

48

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Figure 29.—View of the nutritive pole of an egg a few hours
older.

Figure 30.—View of the formative pole of a still older egg.

Figure 31.—Optical vertical section of a somewhat older egg,
figured with the polar globule above and the ectoderm to the
right. The egg is now flattened from above downwards, and is
disk-shaped in a surface view. The macromere has given rise to
a layer of larger granular cells, which are pushed in so as to form
a large cup-shaped depression. The more transparent ectoderm,
ec, now carries a few short cilia scattered irregularly, and the two
layers are separated from each other by a segmentation cavity.
This figure is in plate IIT.

Figure 32.—Surface view, and

Figure 33.—Optical section of the embryo at the first swimming
stage. The ectoderm has folded upon the endoderm, so as to form
a primitive digestive cavity, with an external opening, g. The
cilia of the velum have now made their appearance around the
area occupied by the polar globule. This was not present in the
egg from which the figure was drawn, but it was seen in other
eggs, and is shown in a later stage of another embryo, figure 6.

Figure 34 and figure 35.—Two surface views of the embryoshown
in figure 32.

Figure 36.—An older embryo, in the same position as figures 32
and 33. The external opening of the primitive digestive tract
has closed up, and the two valves of the shell have appeared in
the place which it had occupied. The endoderm has no connec-
with the exterior, and no central cavity could be seen.

Figure 37.—A somewhat older embryo, figured with its dorsal
surface above. There isa large, central, ciliated digestive cavity
which opens externally by the mouth, m, which is almost directly
opposite the primitive opening, the position of whichis shown by
the shell, s.

Figure 38.—A similar view of a still older embryo. The shell,
8, has increased in size, and the digestive tract has two openings,
the mouth, m, and the anus, an, which are very near each other
on the ventral surface.

Figure 39.—The opposite side of a still older embryo, in which
the body wall begins to fold under the shell, to form the mantle,
m.

Figure 40.—Dorsal view of an embryo at about the same stage.

Figure 41.—Dorsal view of an embryo at the stage shown in Fig-
ure 38, with its valves extended; rs, right valve of shell; Is, left
valve of shell; an, anus; a, anal papilla; ma, mantle; v, velum;
b, body cavity; st, stomach.

Figure 42,—View of left side of a still older embryo; i, intestine.
Other letters as in Figure 41.

Figure 43.—Dorsal view of an embryo six days old, swimming
by the cilia of its velum.

Figure 44.—View of right side of another embryo at the same
stage; mu, muscles; l, liver. Other letters as in Figure 41,

Figure 48.—The seminal fluid of a ripe male oyster, mixed with
water, and seen with a power of 80 diameters. Zeiss. a. 2.

Figure 49.—Fluid from the ovary of a ripe female oyster, seen
with the same magnifying power.

Figure 50.—Seminal fluid of a ripe male oyster, magnified 500
diameters.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 49

Figure 51.—Egg afew minutes after mixture with the male fluid
magnified 500 diameters.

Figure 52.—Egg about thirty minutes after fertilization mag-
nified 500 diameters.

Figure 67.—Section of a portion of the visceral mass of a male
oyster magnified 250 diwmeters. The surface epithelium of the
body is shown at the lower end of the figure. Above this is a
loose, thick layer of wrinkled cells, which have the appearance
of adipose cells from which all the fat has been removed. Above
this layer is a large duct, lined with epithelial cells, and filled
with ripe spermatozoa, which have been poured into it from two
follicles which communicate withit oneach side. Above thisare
sections of a number of the follicles of the testis, in three of
which the contents are figured.

Figure 53.—Section of a portion of the viscera mass of a female
oyster magnified 250 diameters ; a, epithelium of the surface of
the body; b, layer of connective tissue; ¢, layer of wrinkled cells,
which are probably fat cells, from which all the fat has been re-
moved; /, sections of ten ovarian follicles; e, the ovarian eggs..

Figures 54-66.—Abnormal or direct form of segmentation.

OSTREA LURIDA, Cpr.—WEST COAST OYSTERS.

32879. Natives.
32809. Natives.
32798. Natives.

Crescent City, Cal. W. H. Dall.
Shoalwater Bay, W. T. H. Hemphill.
San Diego, Cal. H. Hemphill.

32798. Eastern oyster (0. virginica). Taken from Newark Bay, N. J., when a
year old and planted in San Francisco Bay; showing two years’ growth
in California waters.

Extra-limital:
‘
32878. Fossil oyster from marine Tertiary beds near Vicksburg, Miss. Closely
resembling the present English oyster.

32311. Fresh specimen, English oyster (0. edulis, Linn.). Introduced for com-
parison with the American fossil and recent oysters. North Sea. Dr.

Wm.

Stimpson.

MARINE PLANTS.
1. ALG.

39126. Three portfolios of Algae of North America, prepared by Prof. D. C.

4F

Eaton, Dr. C, L. Anderson, and Dr. W. G. Farlow.

SHCTTON®?:

FISHING GROUNDS OF NORTH AMERICA.
I. MODELS AND MAPS OF FISHING GROUNDS.

2elief model of the off-shore banks of the United States, showing the
contours to a depth of 2,800 fathoms.
Prepared for the U. 8. Fish Gbuinission by Mr. C. Lindenkohl.

(See also the maps and charts exhibited elsewhere in the collection.) |

I]. MAPS SHOWING GEOGRAPHICAL DAS CIN

Prepared by G. Brown Goode, drawn by C. E. Gorham.

No. 1. Provisional map showing Geographical Distribution of the fishes
of the Salmon Family in the Eastern United States.

No. 2. Provisional map showing the geographical distribution of the
cod (Gadus morrhua), and the locations of the fishing
grounds and fishing ports.

No. 3. Provisional mgp showing the geographical distribution of the
Halibut, (Hippoglossus vulgaris), on the coast of North |
America and the principal fishing grounds in 1879.

No. 4. Provisional map showing the geographical distribution of the
Mackerel (Scomber scombrus), its seasonal movements, and
the fishing grounds and fishing ports.

No. 5. Map showing the geographical distribution of the Menhaden (Bre- |
voortia tyrannus) in 1879, with the location of the fishing
grounds and the oil and guano factories.

No. 6. Provisional map showing the Geographical Distribution of the’
fishes of the Herring family in Eastern North America.

No. 7. Provisional map showing the Geographical Range of the princi-|
pal fishes of the Mackerel tribe (Scombridw and Carangide)
in Eastern North America. |

No. 8. Map showing the distribution of the oyster beds on the coast:
of New England and Nova Scotia, from data furnished |
by Mr. Ernest Ingersoll. |

No. 9. Map showing the distribution of the oyster beds of Maryland. |
From the explorations of the United States Coast Survey. |

No. 10. Map showing the obstructions to the ascent of fish in the rivers]
of Maine. 1876. Compiled by C. G. Atkins and E. M.)
Stilwell. 3 |

50

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 51

TIL. SERIES OF WATER-COLOR SKTCHES, SHOWING
THE BREEDING GROUNDS OF THE FUR SEAL (CAL-
LIRHINUS URSINUS) ON THE PRYBILOFF ISLANDS,
ALASKA. SKETCHED BY HENRY W. ELLIOTT FROM
NATURE, AND EXHIBITED BY THE ALASKA COM-
oe COMPANY OF SAN FRAN CISCO, CALIFOR-

No. 1. The Fur Seal Rookery. ‘“Rrer Por.” 4 view of one of the
seven large fur seal breeding grounds on St. Pauls Island,
Prybilov group, Alaska.

No. 2. Gathering the Drive. Seal drovers making the daily selection of
seals for slaughter on Zoltoi Sands, one of the twelve haul-
ing grounds of the fur seal on St. Paul’s Island, Alaska.

No. 3. The Drive in Motion. Fur seals being driven up to the slaugh-

. tering field near the Village, St. Paul’s Island, Alaska.

No. 4. The Killing Field. Natives slaughtering the fur seals ; the skinned
carcasses, &e., on the killing ground near the village, St.

: Paul’s Island, Alaska.

| No. 5. Fur Seals Approaching their Breeding Grounds. View of the man-

ner in which the fur seals approach the Prybiloy Islands,

Alaska, while at sea.

SHCTION C:

Gish Mb ewellv Ibias), )

MEANS OF PURSUIT AND CAPTURE,
I. HAND IMPLEMENTS OR TOOLS.

1. CLUBS.

UNARMED CLUBS.

Salmon clubs used by the Indians of the Northwest coast.
651. Salmon-club. N. W. Coast. Geo. Gibbs.

Fishermen’s clubs.

$2717. “Halibut killer and gob-stick.” Philip Merchant, Gloucester, Mass. A
heavy club with which the fisherman kills the halibut by a blow upon
the head. One end is sharpened for use in detaching hooks from the |
gullets of fish which have swallowed them.

2. KNIVES.
STRAIGHT KNIVES.

Splitting and ripping knives.

29401. Double-edged throating and ripping knife. A. McCurdy, Gloucester, |
Mass.

29403. Double-edged throating-knife (old style). G. B. Foster, Beverly, Mass. |

29409. Throating or ripping knife. A. McCurdy, Gloucester, Mass.

29411. Throating or ripping knife. Capt. E. L. Rowe, Gloucester, Mass.

29416. Double-edged ripping-knife (peculiar to coast of Maine). Wilcox, Crit-
tenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

29402. Mackerel-splitting knife. A. McCurdy, Gloucester, Mass.

29408. Mackerel-splitting knife. Capt. Sam. Elwell, Gloucester, Mass.

29404. Codfish-splitting knife. A. McCurdy, Gloucester, Mass.

29413. Cod or haddock ripping knife (old style). G. P. Foster, Beverly, Mass.

29414. Hake or haddock splitting knife. A. McCurdy, Gloucester, Mass.

29415. Haddock-ripping knife. A. McCurdy, Gloucester, Mass.

Boarding-knives used by whalemen.

Used in cutting the blubber into sections from the ‘“ blanket piece” a
longstrip which is peeled from the sides of the whale. |
25676. Boarding-knife. W. H. Cook & Co., New Bedford, Mass.
“This knife has seen many years of service.”—A. R. C.
26608. Boarding-knife, with sheath. A. R. Crittenden, Middletown, Conn.

D2

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 53
TRAIGHT KNIVES.

Whalemen’s boat-knives.
Used to cut the harpoon-line when it gets tangled in paying out.
——. Boat-knife (model). Capt. L. Howland, New Bedford.

Heading-knives.

32689. Halibut-heading knife. Adolph Voss, Gloucester, Mass.

Finning- knives.
29400. Halibut-finning knite. Alex. McCurdy, Gloucester, Mass.
29412. Halibut-finning knife. Capt. E. L. Rowe, Gloucester, Mass.
Choppiug-knives.
39180. Bait-chopper. (New style). Alexander McCurdy, Gloucester, Mass.
29406. Bait-cleaver (used in halibut fishing). Alex. McCurdy, Gloucester,

Mass.
32665. Cod-bait knife. Gloucester, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission.
32664. Bait-cleaver. se 6

32672. Mackerel-bait knife (small). U.S. Fish Commission.

32671. Mackerel-bait knife (large). U.S. Fish Commission,
Cheek-knives.

29438. Codfish cheek-knife. Alex. McCurdy, Gloucester, Mass.

Throating-knives.

32669. Cod-throater (single edge). Gloucester, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission.
32670. Cod-throater (double edge). es is

Fish-knives (for general use).
26159. Fish-knife. Heavy. 12-inch blade. John Russell Cutlery Co.
Turner’s Falls, Mass.
26196. Fish-knife. Hook handle. 12-inch blade. John Russell Cutlery
Co., Turner’s Falls, Mass.

Scaling-knives.

26210. Saw-blade fish-scaling knife. John Russell Cutlery Co., Turner’s
Falls, Mass.

Sailors’ and fishermen’s sheath-knives.
Sailors’ sheath-knives. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

29428. Sheath and belt, with ‘‘law-abiding” sheath-knife. First quality.
29426. Sheath and belt. Second quality.
29427. Sheath aud belt, with “law-abiding” sheath-knife. Third quality.
The “law-abiding” sheath-knife is round at the tip of the blade,
which is also thick and dull.

Slivering-knives, used by fishermen.

These knives are used to slice the flesh from the sides of the menhaden used
for bait. The slices thus prepared are called ‘‘ slivers,” and are salted down
in barrels to be used as baits for cod, halibut, and mackeral hooks, or are
ground up in the bait-mills, forming ‘ stosh ” or ‘‘ chum.” a thick paste which

54 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.
STRAIGHT KNIVES.
Slivering-knives used by fishermen.

is thrown over the sides of the mackerel-smacks to toll the fish to the sur-

face.

29407. Slivering-knife. (Pattern first used by Cape Ann fishermen.) Geo.
B. Foster, Beveriy, Mass.

29399. Slivering-knife. (Cape Ann pattern.) Alex. McCurdy.

39405. Slivering-knife. (Nantucket pattern.) Samuel Elwell, jr., Glouces-
ter, Mass.

25764. Slivering-knife. Samuel Elwell, jr, Gloucester, Mass.

32666. Slivering-blade. Gloucester, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission.

Flitching-knives.
Used in slicing halibut into steaks or ‘ flitches” in preparation for salting
and smoking.

32726. Shore flitching-knife. Gloucester, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission.
32690. Bank flitching-knife. Adolph Voss, Gloncester, Mass.

Clam and oyster knives.
26209. Clam-knife. John Russell Cutlery Co., Turner’s Falls, Mass.

Net-makers’ knives.
These knives are without handles, and the heel of the short (2 inches long)
round-pointed blade is curled so as to fit the finger like 1 ring.
29439. Net-mending knives (right-hand). Alex. McCurdy, Gloucester, Mass.
29440. Net-mending knives (left-hand). Alex. McCurdy, Gloucester, Mass.

Mackerel-rimmers’ fatting-knives or ploughs.

Used in creasing the sides of lean mackerel (Nos. 2 and 3) to cause them to
resemble fat (No. 1) mackerel.
25768. Mackerel-plough. Edwin Blatchford.
25769. Mackerel-plough. S. Elwell, jr., Gloucester, Mass.

25770. Mackerel-plough. S. Elwell, jr., Gloucester, Mass.
25771. Mackerel-plough. S. Elwell, jr., Gloucester, Mass.
25773. Mackerel-plough. Edward Davis.
25774. Mackerel-plough. Edward Davis.

Splitting-knives.
Used in cleaning fish before salting.
32673. Mackerel-splitting knife. Gloucester, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission.
32667. Cod-splitting knife (curved). if S
32668, Cod-splittiug knife (straight). re ate “

Stone and bone knives used by Indians and Eskimos.

7224. Bone knife. Anderson River Eskimos, Fort Anderson, H. B. T. R.
McFarlane.

16115. Bone knife. Magemut Eskimos, Nunivak Islands, Alaska. W. H.
Dall.

2178. Bone knife. Eskimos.

1328. Bone knife. Eskimos.

FISHERIES OF THE UNIIED STATES. 55

Be ALES:
AXES, PROPER.

Head-axes tor whalemen.
Used in cutting off head of whale.
25913. Head-axe. E. B. & F. Macy, New Bedford, Mass,
CUTTING-SPADES.

Whale-cutting spades.

Used in peeling the blubber from the careass of the dead whale.
25679. Cutting-spade. E. BL. & F. Macy, New Bedford, Mass.
25008. Cutting-spade. J. H. Thomson, New Bedford, Mass.

Throat spades, flat and round shank.

Used in cutting off the head of the whale.

25925. Throat-spade. E. B. & F. Macy, New Bedford, Mass.

Half-round spades.
For cutting ‘‘ blanket” piece, to allow blubber-hook to enter.
25927. Half-round spade. E. B. & F. Macy, New Bedford, Mass.

Head-spades.
Used in cutting off the head of the whale.
25932. Head-spade. KE. B. & F. Macy, New Bedford, Mass.

Blubber-mincing spades.
For mincing blubber before trying out.
25912. Hand mince-knife. E. B. & F. Macy, New Bedford, Mass.

Chopping-knives.
Used to chop clams tor bait.

29489. Clam-chopper. William H. Hesbolt, Provincetown, Mass.
32676. Clam-chopper. Adolph Voss, Gloucester, Mass.

Ice-choppers.
Used in chopping ice for packing fish or bait.
32686. Ice-chopper. Adolph Voss, Gloucester, Mass.

Ice-chisels.
Used in cutting holes in the ice for fishing.
25888. Ice-chisel (nickel-plated). Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

4. THRUSTING SPEARS AND PRODS.

FISHING-LANCES.

Whale-lances.
Used by whalers to give the death-blow to the whale.
25678. Whale-lance with handle, ready for use. E. B. & F. Macy, New
Bedford, Mass.
25007. Whale-lance with handle, ready for use. J. H. Thomson, New Bed-
ford, Mass.

56 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.
FISHING-LANCES.

Whale-lance, iron.

25611. Whale-lance. (Primitive model) used by New Bedford whalers. |
W. H. Cook & Co., New Bedford, Mass.

Seal-lances.
16110. Seal-lance head. Eskimo. Nunwak. W. H. Dall.

19382. “cc ce ce “c“
163438. ce ce 6e oe
1117. Seal-lance. Eskimos of Arctic coast, Anderson River, H. B.T. R.
McFarlane.

Fish-lances.
29453. Sword-fish lance. Sam]. Elwell, jr., Gloucester, Mass.
32702. Sword-fish lance. Vinald McCaleb, Gloucester, Mass.

WHALEMAN’S BOAT-SPADES (thick and thin).

Carried in boat to disable the whale by cutting its flukes.
25928. Boat-spade, with handle and warp complete, ready for use. E. B.
& F. Macy, New Bedford, Mass.

PRODDING INSTRUMENTS.

Snow-probes.
Used by the Eskimos in probing the air-holes in ice and under the snow to
detect the presence of seals.
10274. Bone probe.! King William’s Land. Capt. C. F. Hall.

10275. Bone probe.! ce “
10276. Bone probe.! os “
Probing-awls.

Used in piercing the base of the brain in killing fish for the table.
29418. Large steel prod, suitable for large fish. A. R. Crittenden, Middle-
town, Conn.

II. IMPLEMENTS FOR SEIZURE OF OBJECT.

5. SCOOPS.
SHOVELS.

Oyster-shovels.

i

26717. (Model, with Chesapeake oyster-canoe.) T. B. Ferguson, Maryland
Commissioner of Fisheries.

‘These probes are sometimes supplied with a detachable head.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 57
SHOVELS.
Bait-ladles.

39652. ‘“Bait-heaver” (one-sided). Gloucester, Mass. G. Brown Goode.

HAND-DREDGES (used in collecting mollusks).

26718. Tin hand-dredge. U.S. Fish Commission.

PILE-SCRAPERS.

26719.

Frame of pile-secraper. U. 8. Fish Commission.

G6. HookED INSTRUMENTS. (Those used with a single motion, that of

hooking.)

SINGLE-POINTED HOOKS.

Gaft-hooks.

25225.
25495.
39202.
29388.
32678.
32683.
25935.
29390.
25938.
25959.
25934.
29389.
32716,
32685.
32730.

32691.

32684.
32725.

25616,

Gaff-hook. U.S. Fish Commission.

Salmon-gaff hook and staff. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

Salmon-gaff, with bamboo handle. Gaff detachable from the handle.
U. S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Halibut-gaff. M. W. Grant, Wellfleet, Mass.

Halibut hand-gaft. Gloucester, Mass. G. Brown Goode.

Halibut deck-gaff. ne .

Haddock hand-gaff. A. McCurdy, Gloucester, Mass.

Haddock-gaff. M. W. Grant, Wellfleet, Mass.

Cod-fish gaff. Used in George’s Bank fisheries. A. MeCurdy, Glouces-
ter, Mass.

Dory cod-gaff. Used in shore fisheries. A. McCurdy, Gloucester,
Mass.

Hand-gaft. Used in halibut fisheries. A. McCurdy, Gloucester, Mass.

Cod-gaff. M. W. Grant, Wellfleet, Mass.

“Pew.” Used in handling fish on wharves and decks. Capt. 8. J.
Martin, Gloucester, Mass.

“Pew-gaft.” Used in pitching fish from dories to vessels. Gloucester,
Mass. G. Brown Goode.

Fish-fork (three tines, short handle). Gloucester, Mass. G. Brown
Goode. Used in pitching fish in a dory, or from hold of vessel.

Halibut-cutter’s hook. Used by the “ header” in decapitating halibut.
Gloucester, Mass. G. Brown Goode.

Fish-fork (two tines). Gloucester, Mass. G. Brown Goode. :

“Nape-boner” hook. Used in the preparation of boneless fish. Glou-
cester, Mass. G. Brown Goode.

Gaff-hook.

Boat-hooks.

Arranged with ‘Accessories of fishing-boats,” B. 48.
So >

Squid forks.

32727.

Squid fork used in baiting with squid. Gloucester, Mass. U.S. Fish
Commission.

58 FISHERIES OF THE .UNITED STATES.
SINGLE-POINTED HOOKS.
Forks used for handling salted and dried fish.
Whalemen’s hooks.

Blubber hooks.

25930. Blubber-hook. For hauling small pieces of blubber. E. B. & F. Macy,
New Bedford, Mass.

Blubber forks and pikes.
25615. Blubber-pike. Used for tossing blubber into try-kettle. Humphrey §.
Kirby, New Bedford, Mass.
25617. Blubber-pike. From the storeroom of a returned whaler. Humphrey
S. Kirby, New Bedford, Mass.
Junk-hooks, ete.

For hauling heavy pieces of blubber.
25916. Junk-hook. KE. B. & F. Macy, New Bedford, Mass.

1Lance-hooks.
MANY-POINTED HOOKS.
1Can-hooks.
?Grappling-irons.
Lip-hooks or grapnels, used by whalers.

Line-hooks, used by whalers.

25924. Whaler’s line-hook for catching line, &c. E. B. & F. Macy, New Bed-
ford, Mass. ;

Clam-rakes.
29466. Clam-hoe. Provincetown style. Wm. H. Hesbolt, Provincetown,
Mass.
29437. Hand-claw. Used for gathering ‘‘hen-clams” and ‘‘scallops.” Well-
fleet, Cape Cod, and coast of Maine. M. W. Grant, Wellfleet, Mass.
——. Clam-rake (model). Used in collecting the sea-clam (Mactra solidissima)
on Nantucket Shoals. These clams are salted down and used as bait

? for cod, halibut, &e. See with model of Nantucket dory (26257).
36045. Clam-rake. Wellfleet style. U.S. Fish Commission.
36046. oe oe oe oe oe
36047-9. oc “ec ce ag a9

Moss-rakes.
32718. Rakes used in gathering Ivish moss (Chondrus crispus). C. A. Cole,
Scituate, Mass.
Sponge-hooks.

32693. Sponge-hook. Appalachicola, Florida. Silas Stearns.

'Arranged with boat fittings. 2Arranged with the anchors.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 59
MANY-POINTED HOOKS.

Many-pointed fish-jigs.
29436. Mackerel-gaff. Used when the mackerel swim close in large shoals.
M. W. Grant, Wellfleet, Mass.
29441. Mackere]-bob. Used when the mackerel are close to the vessel ang&
in large schools. Win. H. Hesbolt, Provincetown, Mass.

Oulachan rakes or spears.
Used by Indians of the northwest coast in the capture of the oulachan or
candle-fish (Osmerus pacificus).
Oulachan rake or comb. Flathead Indians. J. G. Swan.

Squid-jigs.
25714. Squid-jig. George P. Steel, Provincetown, Mass.
95776. Squid-jig. Gloucester styie. A. R. Crittenden, Middletown, Conn.
29443. Squid-jig. Over fifty years old. Lemuel Cook, 2d, Provincetown,

Mass.
32721. Squid-jig. Capt. R. H. Hurlbert, Gloucester, Mass.
32722. Squid-jig. e He

39177. Old-style squid-jig. U.S. Fish Commission.

39176. Squid-jig. Commonly made by the fishermen on board ship. UaSs
Fish Commission. é

29447. Molds used in forming squid-jigs. John B. Parsons, Rockport, Mass.

7. BARBED IMPLEMENTS. (Those used with two motions, the first that
of thrusting.)

SPEARS WITH FIXED HEADS.

Barbed spears (with single point).
25594. Crab-spear, used about Newport, R.I. J. M. K. Southwick, New-
port, R. I.
25595. Flounder-spear. J. M. K. Southwick, Newport, R. I.
39426. “Conch” harpoon. Used by Bahamians and fishermen of Key West
in the capture of Jarge fish. Dr. J. W. Velie, Chicago, Ill.

Eel-spears.
39203. Fish-spear (size No.1), U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

39204. Fish-spear (size No. 2). a a
39205. Fish-spear (size No. 3). - er =
39206. Eel-spear (with six prongs). ar rs

oe oe

39207. Eel-spear (with ten prongs).

25558. Eel-spear with ten prongs for winter fishing. Lent by Bradford & An—
[thony, Boston, Mass.

25597. Eel-spear for summer fishing. A

25556. Nine fish-spears.

95224. Eel-spear, used in Southern New England. U.S. Fish Commission.

25647. New Bedford eel-spear. H. 8. Kirby, New Bedford, Mass.

26072-3-4. Adjustable-prong eel-spear. . P. Hedges.

29491. Hel-spear.

29491. Neptune eel-spear.

ee

60

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

SPEARS WITH FIXED HEADS.

Aboriginal fish-spears.

10380.
7420.

2675.
7514,
2322.
2628.
1439.
18933.
11429.
10283.
2943.
‘23518.

15950.
11358.

Fish-spear. Frobisher Bay, Arctic Ocean. Capt. C. F. Hall.

Head of fish-spear. Eskimos. Fort Anderson, Arctic coast. R.
McFarlane.

Heads of fish-darts. Eskimos. Mackenzie’s River district. R.
McFarlane.

Head of fish-spear, made of elk-horn. Eskimos. Northwest coast.
George Gibbs.

Head of salmon-spear. Indians. Fort Crook, Oreg. Lieut. John
Feilner, U. S. A.

Fish-dart heads. Indians. Columbia River. U.S. Exploring Expe-
dition. Capt. C. Wilkes, U. S. N.

Lance-head of bone. Indians. New Mexico. Lieut. A. W. Whip-
ple, U.S.A.

Fish-spears. Sitka Indians. Sitka. J. G. Swan.

Salmon-spears. PassamaquoddyIndians, Eastport,Me. E. Palmer.

Salmon-spear. Eskimos. Igloolik. Capt. C. F. Hall.

Fish-spear. Tschutschi Indians. South Pacific Exploring Expedi-
tion. Capt. John Rodgers, U.S.N.

Three-pronged spear. Northwest coast. J. G. Swan.

Fish-spear. Magemut Eskimos. Nunivak, Alaska. W. H. Dall.

Fish or bird spear. Eskimos. Bristol Bay, Alaska. Vincent Colyer.

7973-7997. Fish and bird spears. Mushegay Indians. Alaska. Smith-

sonian Institution.

SPEARS WITH DETACHABLE HEADS.

Lily-irons.

32703.
25230.
25645.

02714.
32715.
25208.
39427.

Lily-iron. Gloucester. Vinal McCaleb.

Sword-fish lily-iron. Capt. John B. Smith. U.S. Fish Commission.

Sword-fish dart and socket, peculiar to New Bedford. A. R. Crit-
tenden, Middletown, Conn.

Sword-fish lily-iron. Adolph Voss, Gloucester, Mass.

Sword-fish lily-iron. f ee

Sword fish-dart head. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

““Turtle-peg” harpoon. Key West, Fla. Dr. J. W. Velie, Chicago,
Ill.

‘Eskimo harpoons of stone, bone, and iron.

14255.
10120.

9838.
15596.
10272.
10271.
10264.

19522.

10136.

Tron harpoon-head, with line of walrus hide. Eskimos. Smith
Sound. Capt. C. F. Hall.

Harpoon-head, brass and iron. Eskimos. Victoria Harbor. Capt.
C. F. Hall.

Harpoon-heads of bone andiron. Eskimos. Northeast coast. §&.F.
Baird.

Whaling-lanee. Poonook, Alaska. H. W. Elliott.

Seal spear.

Seal spear.

Seal spear.

Harpoon-head of stone and bone. Eskimos. Greenland. Geo. Y.
Nickerson.

Head of Walrus-harpoon. Eskimos. Igloolik. Capt. C. F. Hall.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 6L

SPEARS WITH DETACHABLE HEADS.

Eskimo harpoons of stone, bone, and iron.

10404. Part of ancient Innuit harpoon-head. Repulse Bay. Capt. C. F.
Hall.

10273. Handle of whaling-harpoon made of bone and wood. Eskimos, _
Greenland. Smithsonian Institution.

19519. Handle of whaling-harpoon made of wood and bone. Eskimos.
Greenland. Geo. Y. Nickerson.

10265. Whaling-harpoon. Eskimos. Northwest coast. Smithsonian Insti-
tution.

19518. Whaling-harpoon of recent manufacture, with head of bone and
iron, handle of wood and iron, and seal-skin line. Eskimos.
Greenland. Geo. Y. Nickerson.

565. Harpoon-head of bone and iron with walrus-hide line. Eskimos.

Port Foulke. Dr. I. I. Hayes.

2186. Seal-harpoon head of bone and iron. Eskimos. Anderson River.
R. McFarlane.

13140. Walrus-harpoon head of bone and iron, hide line. Innuit Eskimos.
Greenland. S. F. Baird.

19376. Bove harpoon-head with hide line. Eskimos. Alaska. Rev. James
Curley.

15631. Miniature model of seal-harpoon. Eskimos. Alaska. H. W. Elliott.

1678. Miniature model of seal-harpoon. Eskimos. Alaska. W. H. Dall.

16120-21-22-25, 5606-7621. Seal-harpoon heads of bone -and iron. Eski-
mos. Nunivak Islands, Alaska. W. H. Dall.

15619. Harpoon-head of bone. Eskimos. Alaska. H. W. Elliott.

2674. Seal-harpoon heads of bone. Anderson River Eskimos. Fort An-
derson. R. McFarlane.

5815, 7440. Seal-harpoon heads of bone and iron. Anderson River Eski-
mos. Mackenzie’s River district. R. McFarlane.

4131. Four models of whaling-harpoons, lines and throuts. Makah In-
dians. Neah Bay, Wash. J. G. Swan.

1869. Head of whaling- harpoon, with line. Makah Indians. Cape Flat-
tery, Wash. Geo. Suckley.

This harpoon-head is made from the shell of a large species of
Mytilus, and illustrates the methods of manufacture employed by
Indians of the Northwest coast previous to the introduction of
metal by the white man.

20896-7. Head of whaling-harpoon and line. Makah Indians. Sitka,

Alaska. J.G. Swan.

This harpoon-head is constructed of sheet-iron, and shows the
method now employed in the manufacture of the weapons. The
rope and covers are made from the bark of Thuja gigantea.

828. Head of whaling-harpoon, with line. Makah Indians. Neah Bay,

Wash. Ter. J. G. Swan.

16118. Hand-harpoon. Alaska.

7963. Spear-head and line. Mushagak Indians.
1868, Head of whaling-harpoon with line. Makah Indians. Neah Bay,

Wash. Ter. J.G. Swan.

2530. Harpoon-darts. Eskimos. Alaska. North Pacific Exploring Expe-
dition. Capt. John Rodgers.

16675. Harpoon-dart. Kotzebue Sound. W. H. Dall.

5775-6-7-9-80. Harpoon-darts. Sitka, Alaska. W.H. Howard, U.S. R. M.

~ i
|

*# a

;

62 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.
SPEARS WITH DETACHABLE HEADS.

Harpoon-spears.

6564. Head of barbed fish-dart, made of native copper. Hskimos. Sitka,
Alaska. Dr, T. T. Minor.

9083. Head of barbed fish-dart, made of native copper. Aiaska. Lieut. F.
WeehkinesiedS.Ne

20653. Head of barbed fish-dart of native copper with line of twisted sinew.
Alaska. Smithsonian Institution.

‘21413, Fish-spear with detachable barb. Hoochuon Indians. South Eel
River, California. Stephen Powers.

39428. Double-pronged spears with detachable heads. McCloud River
Indians, Shasta Co., Cal. Livingston Stone. These Spears are
used in the capture of the Salmo quinnat. The handles are thirty
feet in length. The barbs are made from the splint bones of deer.
See No. 13743, below.

19046, Fish-spear with detachable barbs. Cooyunu Pi-Ute Indians. Pyramid

Lake, Nevada. Stephen Powers.
13743. Points for salmon-spear made of the splint bones of the deer. McCloud
River Indians. Shasta Co., Cal. Livingston Stone.

650, Harpoon-arrows with iron tips. Indians. Cape Flattery. Wash.

Ter. Geo. Gibbs.

21308. Wooden barbs for fish-harpoon. Indians, Hoopah Valley, Cal. Ste-
phen Powers.

2249. Head of fish-harpoon. Eskimos. Anderson River. ‘R. McFarlane.

11356. Harpoon-dart with bladder-float. Nashegay Indians. Alaska. Dr.
T. T. Minor.

11362. Harpoon-dart with bladder-ficat. Nashegay Indians. Alaska. Dr.
T. T. Minor.

7998, Harpoon-dart with bladder-float. Nashegay Indians. Alaska. Dr.
T. T. Minor.

8. Tones, &o.

TONGS (with two handles).
Oyster-tongs.

26110, Oyster-tongs. S. Salisbury, Providence, R. I.

26109. Oyster-tongs. ef se

25205. Oyster-tongs. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.
29111. Oyster-nippers. S. Salisbury, Providence, R. I.

9. TANGLES.

The tangles are employed by naturalists for the purpose of gathering small
spiny animals, such as sea-urchins and star-fishes, from the bottom at con-
siderable depths. They adhere to the fibers of the spun-yarn in great num-
bers. It has been thought that this instrument might advantageously be
employed in freeing oyster-beds from their worst enemies, the star-fish.

— sy

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 63
SWAB-TANGLES.
Swab-tangles.
26844. Swab-tangles. U.S. Fish Commission.

HARROW-TANGLES.

Harrow-tangles.

96845. Models of harrow-tangles. U. 8. Fish Commission. Formerly used
by the Fish Commission, now replaced by the wheel-tangles.

WHEEL-TANGLES.
Wheel-tangles.

26846. Model of wheel-tangles. U. 8. Fish Commission.
26848. Wheel-tangles. U.S. Fish Commission.

HT. MISSILES.
, Simple missiles (those propelled by the unaided arm).

10. HURLED SPEARS.
DARTS AND LANCES.

See under “Lances and spears,” above enumerated, many of which may be
used as missiles.

. Centrifugal missiles. (Propelling power augmented by an artificial in-
erease of the length of the arm.)

11. MISSILES PROPELLED BY “ THROWING-STICKS.”

SPEARS (with throwing-sticks, used by Eskimos).

See above under “Bird and fish spears,” particularly No. 10267, a spear with
throwing-stick attached.

7899. Throwing-stick. Eskimos. Aleutian Islands. Dr. T. T. Minor.
7933. Throwing-stick. Eskimos. Kodiak. as

16076. Throwing-stick. Eskimos. Unalashka. W. H. Dall.

2267. Throwing-stick. Eskimos. Smithsonian Institution.

5774. Throwing-stick. Eskimos. Sitka. W. A. Howard, U.S. R. M.
20771. Throwing-stick. Eskimos. Sitka. J. G. Swan.

7423. Throwing-stick.

14905. Throwing-stick.

64 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

«x Missiles propelled by a spring.—(Spring consisting of bent rod.)
12. Bows AND ARROWS.
ARROWS.

Harpoon-arrows, used in fishing.

11348-52. Harpoon-arrows. Eskimos. Bristol Bay, Alaska. Vincent

Colyer.
15677-15681-82. Harpoon-arrows. Eskimos. Nunivak Islands, Alaska. W.
H. Dall.

19379. Harpoon-arrow. Eskimos. Alaska. Rev. J. Curley.
8005-6-9. Harpoon-arrows. Eskimos. Nushegay Indians. Dr. T.T. Minor.

xxx» xplosives.

13. GUNS.
WHALING GUNS.

24986. C. C. Brand’s improved whaling-gun. Patented June 22, 1852. For
use with C. C. Brand’s improved bomb-lance. 24987. Powder-flask
with charger. 24988. Wad-cutter. 25989. Wad-cutter (inside).
24992. Prepared wads. 24990, 24991. Screw-drivers. C. C. Brand,
Norwich, Conn.

24993-97. C. C. Brand’s improved bomb-lance. Patented June 22, 1859.
For use with C. C. Brand’s improved whaling-gun. 24997, Ex-
ploded lance. 24998. Lance-hook (for drawing charge). C. C.
Brand, Norwich, Conn.

25251. E. Pierce’s harpoon-gun. Patented 1865. U.S. Fish Commission.

42762. Freeman’s harpoon-gun. Made by Freeman & Lincoln, Brewster,
Mass.

IV. BAITED HOOKS. ANGLING-TACKLE.

14. HOOKS WITH MOVABLE LINES.
TACKLE FOR SURFACE-FISHING.

Fly-fishing tackle.
Salmon-tackle.
Trout-tackle.
Black-bass tackle.
Shad-tackle.
Trolling-tackle:

Trolling-tackle.

Whiffing-tackle.

Drailing-tackle.
The parts of these gears may be seen in their proper places, with hooks,
lines, &c.

as

- i

FISHERIES UF THE UNITED STATES. 65
TACKLE FOR SURFACE-FISHING.
Surf-tackle for throwing and hauling.

Blue-fish tackle.

24808-9. Blue-fish line. Rigged with eel-skin squids. J. M. K. Southwick,
Newport, h. I.

24802-7. Blue-fish lines. Rigged with cloth squid. Block Island. J. M.
K. Southwick, Newport, R I.

TACKLE FOR FISHING BELOW THE SURFACE.

Short hand gear.

25684. Mackerel-lines and cleats. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

29293. “Otter,” with line and flies attached. Used in lake and river fishing.
William Morris, Lake City, Minn.

19047. Throw-line with minnow-hooks. Cooyuwee Pi-Utes. Pyramid
Lake, Nevada. Stephen Powers.

Deep-sea gear.

25687. Gear, used by American fishermen on George’s Banks. Bradford &
Anthony, Boston, Mass.

29483. Cod-fishing gear. Used from 1812-1830. Lemuel Cook, 2d, Province-
town, Mass.

25686. Cod hand-line and gear. Used chicfly on Western and Grand Banks
of Newfoundland, Bradford & Anthony, Bostun, Mass.

25685. Pollock line and gear. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

24810-11. Rigged tautog-lines. J. M. K. Southwick, Newport, R. I.

25665. Lines. Rigged for pond-fishing. Wm. M. Young, Philadelphia, Pa.

1140. Halibut-hook, with kelp line. Makah Indians. Puget Sound, W.
T. J. G. Swan.

39187. Cod-fishing gear with a 1-pound lead. Used in the shore cod-fishery.
U. 8. Fish Commission.

39186. Cod-fishing gear with 14-pound lead. Used inthe shore fishery. U.
8. Fish Commission.

39185. Cod-fishing gear, with 3}-pound lead. Used in the shore fishery.
U. 8. Fish Commission.

39182. Cod fishing gear, with 9-pound lead. Used in the George’s Bank cod-
fishery. (Wooden ‘‘horse”.) U.S. Fish Commission.

39184. Cod-fishing gear, with 9-pound lead. Used in the George’s Bank cod-
fishery. (Furnished with brass ‘‘horse”.) U.S. Fish Commis-
sion.

39183. Rope ‘‘horse” used with the George’s Bank gear, made by fishermen.
U. S. Fish Commission.

39190. Brass pieces used with the cod-fishing gear.

The shore and George’s Bank fishery gears (Nos. 39190-2-4, 39185-7), are pro-
nounced to be the best ever manufactured and are coming into use quite
extensively. The lead being round at the bottom prevents fouling. This
style of lead also sinks more quickly than the ordinary kind. The patent,
swivels used withthis gear are very useful; they allow the insertion of new
hooks with little inconvenience or loss of time.

5 F

66 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

15. HOOKS, WITH STATIONARY LINES.—SET TACKLE.

BOTTOM-SET LINES.

Trawl-lines, or bull-tows.

25688. Model of codfish-trawl, used by American fishermen on Western and
Grand Banks of Newfoundland. Buoys, scale of one-sixth; an-
chors, scale of one-fifteenth. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

29469. Section (one-fifth) of trawl-line. Used in George’s Banks cod-fish-
eries. A. R. Crittenden, Middletown, Conn.

6560. Trawl-line and hooks. Indians of Vancouver’s Island. Dr. T. T.
Minor.

32705. One section of ‘‘ skate” of a halibut trawl-line with (No. 32706) inner
buoy with flag, (No. 32707) outer buoy with ‘ black-ball,” (No.
32708) buoy-line, and (No. 32709) anchor. Capt. Jos. W. Collins
and Philip Merchant, Gloucester, Mass.

Set-traps.

25562. Pickerel-traps. With lines and flags for fishing through the ice.
Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

25563. Set of implements for smelt-fishing through the ice.

25667. Fishing-bows. W. M. Young, Philadelphia, Pa.

16. (ACCESSORY.) PARTS AND ACCESSORIES OF ANGLING-APPARATUS
AND OF HARPOON AND SEINE LINES.

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and
aboriginal manufacture).

Plain hooks.

25682. The ten processes through which American hand-made fish-hooks
pass from the wire to the finished hook. Made entirely by hand-
labor in the factory of J. W. Court, Brooklyn, N. Y. Bradford &
Anthony, Boston, Mass.

25524. Double-refined cast-steel, tapered point; Virginia hooks, flatted,
Nos. 10 to 1 and 1-0 to 3-0. American Needle and Fish-Hook Com-
pany, New Haven, Conn.

25535. Superfine cast-steel blackfish-hooks, japanned, flatted, Nos. 1 to 8.
American Needle and Fish-hook Company, New Haven, Conn.

25536. Eel-hooks, No.6. American Needle and Fish-Hook Company, New
Haven, Conn.

25640. Halibut-hooks, ringed; Nos. 1 to 3. American Needle and Fish-Hook
Company, New Haven, Conn.

25528. Cast-steel Kirby sea fish-hooks, flatted; Nos. 1 to 12. American
Needle and Fish-Hook Company, New Haven, Conn.

25530. Cast-steel Kirby sea fish-hooks, ringed; Nos. 1 to 12.

25529. Suyerior cast-steel Kirby sea fish-hooks, galvanized, flatted; Nos.
1to8. American Needle and Fish-Hook Company, New Haven,
Conn.

25522. Double-refined cast-steel Kirby river and trout fish hooks, ringed;
Nos. 1 to 12 and 1-00 to 10-0. American Needle and Fish-Hook
Company, New Haven, Conn.

_

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 67

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and abo-

riginal manufacture).

Plain hooks.

25523.

25519.

25520.

25521.

25516.

25517.

25514.

25515.

25518.

25525.

25591.

25534.

42898.
42899.
20221.
25531.

25601.

25538.

29465.
25648.

Kirby river and trout fish-hooks, flatted, extra superfine; Nos. 1 to
12 and 1-0 to 10-0. American Needle and Fish-Hook Company,
New Haven, Conn.

Supertine spring steel Kirby salmon, flatted; Nos. 12 to 3-0. Amer-
ican Needle and Fish-Hook Company, New Haven, Conn.

Carlisle trout-hooks, flatted; Nos. 12-20. American Needle and Fish-
Hook Company, New Haven, Conn.

Carlisle trout-hooks, ringed; Nos. 8 to 3-0. American Needle and
Fish-Hook Company, New Haven, Conn.

Superfine cast-steel Limerick salmon, flatted; Nos. 1-0 to 12 and 2-0
to 10-0. American Needle and Fish-Hook Company, New Haven,
Conn.

Supertine cast-steel Limerick salmon, ringed; Nos. 1-0 to 9 and 2-0
to 10-0. American Needle and Fish-Hook Company, New Haven
Conn.

Double-refined cast-steel Limerick river and trout fish-hooks (spear-
points, flatted); Nos. 1-0 to 12 and 2-) to 10-0. American Needle
and Fish-Hook Company, New Haven, Conn.

Double-retined cast-steel Limerick river and trout fish-hooks (spear-
head points, flatted, shanks ringed); Nos. 1-0 to 12 and 2-0 to 10-0.
American Needle and Fish-Hook Company, New Haven, Conn.

Extra spring-steel Aberdeen trout-hooks, flatted; Nos. 8 to 4-0.
American Needle and Fish-Hook Company, New Haven, Conn.

Superfine spring-steel Kinsey trout-hooks, flatted; Nos. 6 to 16.
American Needle and Fish-Hook Company, New Haven, Conn.

Superfine steel Kinsey trout-hooks, ringed ; Nos. 10 to 16. American
Needle and Fish-Hook Company, New Haven, Conn.

Cast-steel drop-point mackerel-hooks, large and small wire, flatted;
Nos. 1 A to5 A, and2 Bto4B. American Needle and Fish-Hook
Company, New Haven, Conn.

. Superfine cast-steel J. P. cod-hooks, ringed; Nos. 1 to 8. American

Needle and Fish-Hook Company, New Haven, Conn.

. Supertine cast-steel J. P. cod-hooks, flatted; Nos. 1 to 8. American

Needle and Fish-Hook Company, New Haven, Conn.

. Central-draught cod-fish hooks, eyed; Nos. 10 to 17. American

Needle and Fish-Hook Company, New Haven, Conn.

. Double-refined cast-steel, original, central-draught cod or mackerel

hooks, ringed; Nos. 12 to 20. American Needle and Fish-Hook
Company, New Haven, Conn.

Cod-hooks, for sea fishing. U. 8. Fish Comnnission.

The “Edgar” barbless hook. me

Dogfish hook and chain.

Double-refined cast-steel, original, central-draught cod or mackerel
hooks, flatted. American Needle and Fish-Hook Company, New
Haven, Conn.

Cod-hooks. Used when fish rise tothe surface. J. M. K. Southwick,
Newport, R. I.

Shark-hooks. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

Shark-hooks. M. W. Grant, Wellfleet, Mass.

Shark-hook. (Extraordinary.) A. R. Crittenden, Middletown, Conn.

68

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of a recent and

aboriginal manufacture ).

Plain hooks.

29464.

25602.

25641.

29467.

29505.

32732.

32731.

20654

1051.
9765.
5583,
9807.
5590.
19064.
20651.

9270.
. Halibut-hook. Sitka, Alaska. J. G. Swan. ee ia

Ground-shark hook. Style used forty years ago. Elisha Cook
Provincetown, Mass.

Dogfish hook with chain. Used at Newport, R. I. J. M. K. South-
wick, Newport, R. I.

Dogtish hooks, ringed. American Needle and Fish-Hook ap
New Haven, Conn.

Horse-mackerel hook. John Thomas, Belfast, Me.

Hooks, probably lost by a French Aas essel. Found on St.
George’s Banks on a piece of trawl; fished up by Geo. H. Lewis,
Provincetown, Mass.

French cod-hooks; taken from codfish on Jeffries Ledge. Capt.
James Tarr, Gloucester, Mass.

French cod- hoo taken from codfish in Salvages’ Shoals, Cape
Ann, in 1856. Gant James Tarr, Gloucester, Mass.

. Wooden fish-hooks. Indians of Northwest coast. Bella Bella, B. C.

J. G. Swan.

. Fish-hooks. Indians of Northwest coast of America. Straits of

Fuca, Puget Sound. U. 8. Exploring Expedition.

Fish-hooks. Puget Sound. George Gibbs.

Fish-hook. Wallapai Indians. E. Palmer.

Fish-hook of wood and bone. Gens des Fous Indians. Yukon River,
Alaska, W. H. Dall.

Fish-hook and line. ChilkahtIndians. Alaska. Lieut. F. W. Ring,
Wa S:7Ay

Fish-hooks and sinkers. PremorskaIndians. St. Michael’s, Alaska.
W. H. Dall.

Fish-hooks. Cooyuwee Pi-Ute Indians. Pyramid Lake, Nev. Stephen
Powers.

Fish-hook. Bella Bella, B. C. J. G. Swan. Indian make.

Halibut-hook. Alaska. Dr. Hoff, U.S. A. ee sc

9103-4. Halibut-hooks. Alaska. Lieut. F.W.Ring,U.S.A. ‘ os

1141.

16346,
2630.

1324.
1989.
5118.
9116.
96822.
1123.

. Fish-hook of bone and wood. Fort Simpson.
9807.

15630.
16315.

Butt-end of hemlock limb for making halibut-hook. Makah Indians.
Puget Sound, W. T. J. G. Swan.

Halibut-hooks. Yakutat Eskimo. W. H. Dall.

Fish-hook. Northwest coast of America. Capt. Chas. Wilkes, U.S.N.
U.S. Exploring Expedition. ~

Hooks and lines. Eskimo. Anderson River. C. P. Gaudet.

Fish-hook. Arctic America. B. R. Ross.

Fish-hook. Anderson River Eskimos. Mackenzie’s River district.
R. Kennicott.

Fish-hook. Fort Anderson Eskimos. Makenzie’s River district.
R. MacFarlane.

Fish-line of kelp (Nereocystis), fish-hook, and bladder buoy. Makah
Indians. Neah Bay. J. G. Swan.

Fish-hook of bone and wood. Yukon River. Wm. H. Dall.

Fishing line and hook. Chilkaht Indians. Alaska. Lieut. F. W.
Ring, U. 8. A.

Bone fish-hook with whalebone snood. Alaska. H. W. Elliott.

Fish-hook. Sitka. W. H. Dall.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 69

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and
aboriginal manufacture).
Plain hooks.
652. Halibut-hooks. Indians of northwest coast of America. George
Gibbs.
20656. Halibut-hooks. Indians of Fort Simpson, B. C. J. G. Swan.
15635. Fish-hooks. Eskimos. Poonook, Alaska. H. W. Elliott.
10142. Fish-hooks. Eskimos. Victoria Harbor. Capt. C. F. Hall.
14280. Fish-hooks. Neah Bay, W. T. James G. Swan.
16116. Bone hook. Magemut Eskimos. Nunivak, Alaska. W. H. Dall.
16311. Fish-hooks. Nunivak Islands, Alaska. W. H. Dall.
1051. Fish-hooks. Capt. Chas. Wilkes, U. 8. N. U.S. Exploring Expe-
dition.
10219. Codfish-hook. Eskimos. Coast of Greenland. Capt. C. F. Hall.
2191-92. Fish-hooks of stone, bone, and iron. Fort Anderson Eskimos,
Mackenzie’s River district. R. Kennicott.
£093, 2248. Fish-hooks of bone and iron. Anderson River Eskimos. R.
MacFarlane.
16311-12. Bone hooks and line spreaders. Thlinket Eskimos. Sitka,
Alaska. W. H. Dall.
5118-7441. Hooks of bone and iron. Mackenzie’s River Eskimos. R. Mac-
Farlane.
32660. Smelt-spreader and hooks. Gloucester, Mass. G. Brown Goode.
25561. Spring-hooks for pickerel. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.
42879. Spring-hooks and patent ‘‘snap and catch’em” hooks for pickerel, ete.
U.S. Fish Commission.

Jigs and drails.

42897. Tinned bluefish hooks. U.S. Fish Commission.

29448. Bass and bluefish drail. Elisha Cook, Provincetown, Mass.

29425. Bluefish-drail. Provincetown style. Lemuel Cook, 2d, Province-
town, Mass.

29485. Bluefish-drails. Used in Wellfleet, Mass., about 1830. Newell B.
Rich, Wellfleet, Mass.

25555. Bluefish-drails. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

—. Bluefish-hooks. Collected by A. R. Crittenden, Middletown, Conn,

25550. Bluefish-drail. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

25771. Bluefish-drails. (Made in the form of a squid and very killing.)
Peculiar to Provincetown, Mass. Coleman Cook, Provincetown,
Mass.

25553. Bluefish-drail. Wm. H. Young, Brooklyn, N. Y.

25669. Bluefish-drail. Peculiar to Hyannis, Mass. Freeman Hallett, Hyan-
nis, Mass.

25671. Bluefish-drail. Peculiar to Chatham, Mass. Sanford Freeman,
Norwichport, Mass.

25671 (?) Bluefish-drail. J. H. Bartlett & Sons, New Bedford, Mass.

25537. Series of hollow bone bluefish-squids. Nos. 1to3. American Needle
and Fish-Hook Company, New Haven, Conn.

25668. Bluetish-drail. Peculiar to Harwichport, Mass. Sanford Freeman,
Norwich, Mass.

25708. Bluefish-drail. Central Wharf Company, Provincetown, Mass.

25598. Bluefish-drail. J. M. K. Southwick, Newport, R. I.

25670. Bluefish-drail. Made at sea from jaw-bone of sperm-whale (Physeter
macrocephalus), J. H. Bartlett & Son, New Bedford, Mass.

70

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

HOOKS, (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and

aboriginal manufacture).

Jigs and drails.

42877.
42888.

42889.
42890.
42891.
42892.

42893.
42894.
42895.
25669.
25600.
42877.
42878.

9078.
32657,

12496.
32658.
29479.
32734,
25599.
20941.

39174.
39171.
39429,
39175.
12495.

32656,
32654,
32661.
32662.
32663.

29461.

25601.

Bluefish-squid of block tin painted. U. S. Fish Commission. (C. B.
& M.)

Bluetish-squid of bone and German silver. U. S. Fish Commission.
(Cl Bye MM)

Bluefish-squid of block tin. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Bluefish-squid of block tin, round. uf

Twirling bluefish-squid of block tin.

Bluetish and Spanish mackerel squid of block tin and pearl. U. §,
Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Bluefish and Spanish mackerel squid of pearl. U.S. Fish Commission.
(C. B. & M.)

Bluefish-squid of block tin, in imitation of a fish. U.S. Fish Commis-
sion. (C. B. & M.)

Blnefish-squid with double hook. U. 8S. Fish Commission. (C. B.
& M.)

Bluefish-drail. Peculiar to Hyannis, Mass. Freeman Hallett, Hyannis,
Mass. Whenused, covered with an eel-skin,

Weak-fish jigs. Used in Newport, R. I. J. M. K. Southwick, Newport,
Reels

Bone and metal squid for Spanish mackerel and bluefish. U. S. Fish
Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Pearl and tin squids and hooks for young bluefish and weakfish. U.S.
Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Metallic squid. Indians, Alaska. Lieut. F. W. Ring, U.S. A.

Cahoon’s improved trolling-hooks. (Patented March 24, 1874.) Thomas
J. Gifford & Co., New Bedford, Mass.

Mackerel-jigs. Cape Ann. J. P. Nason, Rockport, Mass.

Mackerel-jig. Gloucester, Mass. G. Brown Goode.

Mackerel-jig. John B. Parsons, Rockport, Mass.

Mackerel-jigs. Used thirty years ago. A. McCurdy, Cloucester, Mass.

Mackerel-jigs. J. M. K. Southwick, Newport, R. I.

Mackerel-jigs. Used about the year 1840. Capt. Edward L. Rowe, Glou-
cester, Mass.

Jig mold. Style of 1840. U.S. Fish Commission.

Jig mold. Style in use at the present time. U. 8S. Fish Commission.

Wooden jig mold. Made by fishermen. U. 8. Fish Commission.

Old style mackereljigs. U.S. Fish Commission.

Soapstone ‘‘jig” molds, No. 1. (Patented March 15, 1870.) Cape Ann.
J. P. Nason, Rockport, Mass.

Soapstone mackerel-jig mold. Capt. E. L. Rowe, Gloucester, Mass.

cs

. Mackerel-jig mold. (Patented March 15, 1870; J. P. Nason, No. 2.)

Central Wharf Company, Provincetown, Mass.
Mackerel-jig mold. Gloucester, Mass. G. Brown Goode.

Mackerel-jig ladle. 2 e¢
Mackerel-jig rasp. se
Mackerel-jig file. oe +

Pewter for use in manufacture of jigs. Gloucester, Mass. G. Brown
Goode.

Codfish ‘‘ trip” and “ftly-jig.” Styles used fifty years ago. Lemuel Cook,
2d, Provincetown, Mass.

Codlish jig-hook. Used when the fish rise from the bottom. Massachu-
setts. A. R. Crittenden, Middletown, Conn.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. TE

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and

aboriginal manufacture).

Spoon-baits, plain and fluted.

25550.

25555.
25550.

25549.

42882.

42883.
42884.

42885.

42886.

25554.

42875.

25666.
25550.

Trolling-spoons. For bass and pickerel. Bradford & Anthony, Boston,
Mass.

Bluefish-spoons. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

Spinners. For pickerel, trout, and bass fishing. Bradford & Anthony,
Boston, Mass.

Spoon-baits. For bass, pickerel, pike, and trout fishing (nickel-plated).
John H. Mann, Syracuse, N. Y.

. Spoon-baits. For bass, pike, pickerel, and trout (silver-plated). J. T.

Buel, Whitehall, N. Y.

. Spoon-baits. For pike, pickerel, bass, trout, and bluefish. Wm. H.

James, Brooklyn, N. Y.

. Spoon-baits. For pike, bass, pickerel, and troutfishing. Wm. H. James,

Brooklyn, N. Y.

. Series of fluted trolling-spoons. D. M. Skinner, Gananoque, Ontario,

Canada.

Spoon-baits. For bass and pickerel. U. §. Fish Commission. (C. B.
& M.)

Chapman’s bass and pickerel baits. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. &M.)

Revolving metal spinner. For black bass. U.S. Fish Commission. (C.
B. & M.)

Chapman’s revolving spoon-baits. For lake trout and black bass. U.S.
Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Lowe’s revolving feathered spoon-baits. For black bass. U. S. Fish
Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Spoon-baits. For pike, pickerel, bass, and trout. W. D. Chapman
& Son, Theresa, N. Y.

Pearl-baits. For lake trout, black bass, and pieckerel. U. S. Fish
Commission. (C. B. & M.)

These baits are made from pearl shells, and trimmed with white ibis
feathers.

Pearl minnows. W. M. Young, Philadelphia, Pa.

MacHarg’s pearl spoons. For pickerel, trout, and bass. Bradford &
Anthony, Boston, Mass.

Artificial flies on hooks.

42870.

42876.

32730.
32735.
26105.

Artificial insects, 20 specimens. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

These insects are manufactured from the following materials, viz:
quills, feathers, silk, wool, beads, and gut.

Artificial ‘‘dobson,” for black bass fishing. U. S. Fish Commission.
(C. B. & M.)

Bass-tflies. Sara J. McBride, Mumford, N. Y.

Trout-fies. ee §

Salmon-flies. a a

32737. Artificial flies for salmon, trout, and bass. Bradford & An-

thony, Boston, Mass.

Notrre.—For convenience, this entire collection is provisionally entered
under a single catalogue number.

a. Peacock, with water-color sketch of original.
b. March Brown, with water-color sketch of original.

72 FISHERIES OF THE UNIYED STATES.

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and
aboriginal manufacture).

32737. Artificial fles for salmon, trout, and bass—Continued.

Body—Fur of the fox-squirrel’s face ribbed over with olive silk. Tail—Two
strands of brown feather of the wild mallard. Wings—From the side
feather of the shoveller duck approaching the tail; the light yeast-colored
feather is the best, and, if nicely tied, must be an excellent fly. Legs—A
grizzled cock’s hackle, wound twice or thrice at the shoulder, For Penn-
sylvania, hooks Nos. 6 to 8; for New York, hooks No:. 5and6; New England,
hooks Nos. 4 and 5.

ce. Great Red Spinner, with water-color sketch of original.
d. Water-cricket, with water-color sketch of original.

e. Great Dark Drone, with water-color sketch of original.
f. Cow-dung.

Body—Yellow mohair mixed with a little dingy brown fur from the bear.
Wings—From the quill-feather of the curlew or whimbrel. Legs—Of a
ginger-colored cock’s hackle. For Pennsylvania, hooks Nos. 8 to 10; for
New York, hook No. 8; for New England, hook No. 6.

g. Red Fly, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—The red part of squirrel’ fur mixed with an equal quantity of claret
mohair. Wings—The softest quill-feather of the pea-hen’s wing. Legs—
Claret-colored hackle; clip some of the upper fibers off that the wings may
lie flat. For Pennsylvania, hook No. 6; tor New York, hook No. 4; for New
England. hook No. 3.

h. Blue Dun, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Fur of a gray squirrel spun very thinly on fine yellow silk. Tail—Two
fibers of a dun hackle. Wings—From a quill-feather of the blue-jay.
Legs—Two or three turns of a ginger-dun hackle at the shoulder helps to

keep the wings upright. For Pennsylvania, hook No. 6; for New York,
hook No. 5; for New England, hook No. 4.

i. Red Spinner, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Bright brown silk ribbed, with fine gold twist. Tail—Two fibers of
red cock’s hackle. Wings—Upright from a mottled gray feather of the
mallard stained a pale blue, the brighter in color the better. Legs—Plain
red cock’s hackle. For Pennsylvania, hook No. 6; for New York, hook No.
5; for New England, hook No. 4.

j. Nicholson.

k. Black Dog.

1, Atkinson.

m. Policeman.

n. Claret Wasp.

o. Blue Wasp.

p. Wren-tail, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Ginger-colored fur ribbed with gold twist. Wings— Feathers from a
wren’s tail; if these cannot be procured a small scapular feather of the
woodeock makes a good imitation, and may be hackled with the same kind
of feather. For Pennsylvania, hook No. 10; for New York, hook No. 8; for
New England, hook No. 6.

q. Red Ant, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Peacock’s herl tied with red-brown silk. Wings—From the quill-
feather of the blue-juy. Legs—A small red cock’s hackle.

TS?

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 13

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and
aboriginal manufacture).

32737. Artificial flies for salmon, trout, and bass—Continued.
r. Silver Horns, with water-color sketch of original.
s. Golden-dun Midge, with water-color sketch of original.
t. Sand-ily, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Of the sandy-colored fur from the rabbit’s neck or from the fox-squirrel
spun on silk of the same color. Wings—From the whimbrel wing made
full. Legs—From a light-ginger feather from the neck of a hen. Tor
Pennsylvania, hooks Nos. 6 to 8; for New York, hooks Nos. 5 and 6; for New
England, hooks Nos. 4 and 5.

u. Stone-fly, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Fur of the gray squirrel, when it is shortest is best, mixed with a little
yellow mohair, leaving yellow about the tail. TVail—A strand or two of
brown mottled feathers, say of mallard. Wings—From the soft inside
feather of the pea-hen’s wing. Legs—Blue-dun cock’s hackle. For Penn-
sylvania, hooks Nos. 6 to 8; for New York, hooks Nos. 5 and 6; for New
England, hooks Nos. 4 and 5.

v. Gravel-bed, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Dark dun or lead-colored silk: floss dressed very fine. Wings—From a
covert-feather of the woodcock’s wing. Legs—A black cock’s hackle, rather
long, wound twice onlyround the body. For Pennsylvania, hooks Nos. 8 to
10; for New York, hooks Nos. 6 to 8; for New England, hooks Nos. 5 and 6.

w. Grannum, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Fur of a rabbit’s face with a little fine green mohair worked in at the
tail. Wings—From the inside wing-feather of a grouse. Legs—A pale
ginger hen’s hackle. For Pennsylvania, hooks Nos. 8 to 10; for New York,
hooks Nos. 6 to 8; for New England, hooks Nos. 5 and 6,

x. Yellow Dun, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Yellow mohair mixed with a little pale blue from a mouse or yellow
floss silk with the least blue rabbit fur spun upon it. Wings—Upright,
from the inside wing-feather of a mallard or summer duck. For Pennsyl-
vania, hook No. 10; for New York, hook No. 8; for New England, hooks
Nos. 5 and 6.

y. Iron-blue Dun, with water-color sketch of original.
z. Hawthorn, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Black ostrich’s herl. Wings—From the quill-feather of the English
snipe. Legs—A black cock’s hackle. For Pennsylvania, hooks Nos. 8 to 10;
for New York, hooks Nos. 6 to 8; for New England, hooks Nos. 5 and 6.
aa. Jenny Spinner, with water-color sketch of original.
ab. Dennison.

Body—Green floss silk ribbed with silver twist. Tail—Orange-tipped fibres of
tippet, wood-duck, ibis, and green parrot. Legs—A golden yellow hackle.
Wings—Of the following kinds: wood-duck, tippet, brown mallard, bustard,
green parrot, blue and yellow macaw, with a few strands of red macaw ;
black ostrich head. Hooks Nos. 1, 2, and 3.

ac. Deacon.

Body—Bright yellow seal’s fur ribbed with silver tinsel backed with gold twist.
Tail—Sprigs of gray mallard and ibis. Legs—Bright yellow hackle.
Wings—Strips of gray mallard dressed full; black ostrich head. Hooks
Nos. 2 and 3.

74 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and
aboriginal manufacture).

32737. Artificial flies for trout, salmon, and bass—Continued.

ad. Montreal.

Body—Claret mohair ribbed with gold tinsel. Tail—Three or four fibres of
searlet ibis. Legs—Claret hackle. Wings—Brown turkey. Hooks Nos. 1,
2, and 3.

ae. Rangely.

Body—Dark claret mohair ribbed with gold tinsel. ‘Tail—Fibres of wood-
duck and ibis. Legs—Dark claret hackle. Wing—Strips of wood-duck
mixed with springs of scarlet ibis. Hooks Nos. 1, 2, and 3,

af. Tinselled Ibis.

Body—Silver tinsel ribbed with gold twist. Tail—A slip of wood-duck mixed
with ibis. Legs—A covert wing-feather of the ibis. Wings—Strips from
the large covert-feather of the ibis (the wing may be varied, adding a slip
of wood-duck on each side); black ostrich head. Hooks Nos. 1, 2, and 3.

ag. Lake George.

Body—Gold twist ribbed with silver twist. Tail—A small China topping.
Legs—A bright orange hackle with a shoulder of bright claret. Wings—
Two tipped feathers mixed with argus pheasant, brown mallard; black
ostrich head. Hooks Nos. 1, 2, and 3.

ah. Chateaugay.

Body—Lemon-yellow floss ribbed with gold twist. Tail—A few fibres of
brown mallard. Legs—A ginger-colored cock’s hackle. Wings—Strips of
shoveller duck mixed with fibres of argus pheasant.

ai. Yellow Drake.

Body—Yellow mohair ribbed with silver twist. Tail—Three fibres of yellow

macaw. Legs—Yellow hackle with two turns of ibison shoulder. Wings— ~

Strips of gray mallard; black ostrich head. Hook No. 3.
aj. Richardson.

Body—A light-blue floss silk ribbed with silver twist. Tail—Three strands
of brown mallard. Legs—Black cock’s hackle. Wings—Strips of English
blue-jay mixed with brown mallard. Hooks Nos. 3 and 4.

ak, Anthony.
al. Snow-tly.
am. Captain.

an. Combination.

Body—First half, yellow seal’s fur; second half, red-claret seal ribbed with
silver tinsel (the fur to be picked out). Tail—A few fibres of gray mallard
mixed with ibis. Legs—A naturalred hackle dipped in yellow dye. Wings
—A piece of the same kind of hackle with pale ibis strips. On each side a
piece of gray mallard sufficiently large to make the wing full: black ostrich
head. Hooks Nos. 1, 2, and 3.

ao. Silver Doctor.

Body—Silver tinsel ribbed with gold twist. Tail—China pheasant topping.
Legs—A pale-blue hackle with a small teal or guinea-hen at the shoulder.
Wings—Mixed fibres of wood-duck, brown mallard, guinea-hen, green
parrot, blue macaw, teal, and bustard; black ostrich head. Hooks Nos.
2 and 3.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 15

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and
aboriginal manufacture.)

32737. Artificial flies for salmon, trout, and bass—Continued.

ap. Prouty.

Body—First joint, silver twist; second, black ostrich with three turns of the
twist over it. Tail—Orange floss with a turn or two of twist, a topping
mixed with fibres of English blue-jay. Legs—A yellow dyed list hackle
wound over the ostrich. Wings—Strips of white swan dyed yellow. One
each side a rib of teal-feather, red macaw feelers; black ostrich head.
Hooks Nos. 2 and 3.

aq. Black Cricket.
ar. Grasshopper.
as. Great Blow.
at. Cadiz.

au. Murray.

Black silk floss ribbed with silver twist. Tail—A small feather from the neck
of the scarlet ibis. Legs—A golden yellow hackle. Wings—Dark mottled
turkey; black ostrich head. Hooks Nos. 1 and 2.

av. Round Lake.
aw. Nameless.

Body—Brown ostrich herl, ribbed with gold twist, tag orange floss. Pail—
Two or three short sprigs of yellow macaw. Legs—A small sooty orange
hackle, wound from tag to shoulder. Wings—Alternate strips of brown
peacock-wing feather and shoveller duck, with a sprig or two of wood-duck;
peacock herl head. Hooks Nos. 1, 2, and 3.

ax. Rackette.

Is made in two joints of black orange mohair, with gold tinsel. Legs—A
dyed black hackle wound from tail to head. Tail—Bright yellow toucan.
Wings—A mixture of gold pheasant tail, argus, and teal. Hooks Nos. 1, 2,
and 3.

ay. Priest.

az. Fraucis Sykes.
ba. Duke.

bb. Dhoon.

be. Dustin.

bd. Lascelles.

be. Snitching Sandy
bf. Pronty.

bg. Grace.

bh. Powells.

bi. Hawthorne.
bj. Edmonson.
bk. Whitcher.

bl. Carshalton.
bm. Professor.

Body—Yellow mohair or silk floss, ribbed with silver twist or tinsel. Tail—
Two or three strands of scarlet ibis-wing feathers. Wings—From the gray.

bn. Coughton.
bo. Alder.

bp. Chantry.
bq. Kingdom.

76 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and
aboriginal manufacture).

32737. Artificial fiies for salmon, trout, and bass—Continued.

br. Hoflan Fancy.
bs. Coachman.

Body—Peacock’s herl. Wings—I'rom a white hen’s wing-feather, or a pigeon-
wing feather will answer the purpose. Legs—A red cock’s hackle wound
twice or thrice at the shoulder. For Pennsylvania, hooks Nos. 8 to 10; for
New York, hooks Nos. 56 and6; for New England, hooks Nos. 4 and 5.

bt. Willow.
bu. Prouty.
bv. Notion.

Body—First half gold twist, remainder brown mohair, with three turns of
the twist over it. Tail—A topping mixed with blue kingfisher. Legs—
Brown hackle. Wings—Two tipped feathers mixed with argus pheasant,
brown mallard, teal, China pheasant-tail feathers, blue and yellow macaw,
with a blue kingfisher on each side of the wing ; black ostrich head. Hooks
Nos. 2 and 3.

bw. Louise.

Body—Brown mohair ribbed with gold twist Tail—China feather topping.
Legs—Reddish brown hackle, blue-jay on shoulder. Wings—Pheasant
tippet feather and tail mixed with sprigs of green parrot, blue macaw, and
kingfisher. Head—Orange mohair. Hooks Nos. 1 and 2.

br. Round Lake. ¥

Body—Orange and red claret merging into each other, silver tinselled. Tail—

sprigs of gold pheasant tippet, blue macaw, and green parrakeet. Legs—
A claret hackle with a turn or two of orange on the shoulder. Wings—
Two strips of brown turkey, with a small jungle-cock’s feather on each side.
Hooks Nos. 1, 2, and 3.

by. Nicholson.

bz. Our Pattern.

ca. Saranac.

Body—Claret floss silk ribbed with gold tinsel, backed with silver twist.
Tail—China pheasant crest-feather. Legs—A claret hackle. Wings—Two
China pheasant tippet feathers on each side, a strip or two of brown mallard
and argus pheasant; black ostrich head. Hooks Nos. 1-0, 2, and 3.

eb. Long Tom of Long Lake.

Body—Gray squirrel mixed with a little green mohair ribbed with silver tinsel.
Tail—China pheasant crest-feather. Legs—A blue dun cock’s hackle; at
shoulder two orthree turns of bright claret hackle. Wings—Strips of brown
mallard mixed with strands of summer duck, peacock-wing, and upper |
coverts of the wild turkey, red macaw feelers; black plush head. Hooks
Nos. 1, 2, and 3.

ec. St. Regis.

Body—Cinnamon mohair ribbed with double gold twist. Tail—A strip of
China pheasant tippet mixed with a few strands of bustard. Legs—A
chestnut hackle with three turns or so of orange-dyed guinea-hen, small
and short in the fibres. Wings—Strips of brown mallard, brown turkey,
English pheasant tail, and China tippet; black ostrich head. Hooks Nos. 1
and 2.

al

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. Tt

HOOKS (including a full se.ies of unmounted hooks, of recent and
aboriginal manufacture).

32737. Artificial flies for trout, salmon, and bass—Continued.

ed. No. 8.

Body—Three or four turns of mohair, rest of black mohair ribbed with silver
tinsel and backed with gold twist. Tail—A small topping. Legs—A dyed
black hackle and a shoulder of red claret. Wings—Mixed fibres of mallard,
guinea-hen tail-feather over wing, two strips of dark turkey tipped with
white. Hooks Nos. 2 and 3.

ce. Highlander.
ef. Lady of Mertoun.

Body—Water-rat’s fur ribbed with silver twist. -“Tail—A tip of common os-
trich or mohair and a gold pheasant topping. Legs—Two or three turns of
a small red hackle finished off with a black hackle. Wings—Strips of dark
gray wallard. Head— Crimson ostrich or mohair. Hooks Nos. 1-0, 1, and2.

cg. Toppy.

Body—Black mohair ribbed with silver tinsel. Tail—A topping tip crimson.
Legs—A turn or two of red hackle, the rest black hackle. Wings—Blacl
or brown turkey tipped with white. Head—Crimson. Hooks Nos. 1-0, 1.
and 2.

ch. Sapper.

Body—Orange mohair ribbed with gold tinsel. Tail—Fibres of green parrot,

guinea-hen, tippet feather, andibis. Legs—Orange hackle, shoulder a dyed

° black hackle. Wings—Strips of peacock-wing feather, brown mallard,
green parrot, guinea-hen, gold pheasant tail, blue macaw feelers; black os-
trich head. Hooks Nos. 1-0 and 1.

ci. Stephens.

Body—Brick-colored, silk ribbed with gold twist and blue tip. Tail—Gold
pheasant topping. Legs—Hackle, same color as body. Wings—Gold
pheasant tippet and slight mixture of mallard; black ostrich head. Hooks
No. 1.

cj. Jock Scott.
Body—In two joints, gold-colored floss the lowest, and black floss the upper ;

from the joint are tied two short toucan points, and over the butts of them
at the joints two turns of black ostrich. Tail—One gold pheasant topping
and one Indian crow feather. Legs—Black hackle over the black joint
and speckled guinea-hen at the shoulder. Wings—A white tip turkey, slip
in the middle fibres of bustard, teal, brown mallard. yellow, red, and green
parrot, one topping over all; blue macaw feelers. A kingtisher on either
cheek ; black ostrich head. Hooks Nos. 1-0, 1, and 2.
ck. Whitcher.

Body—Black mohair ribbed with silver, tip yellow silk. Tail—Gold pheasant
topping. Legs—Black hackle. Wings—A mixture of mallard and hooded
merganser; black ostrich head. Hooks Nos. 1 and 2.

cl. Nicholson.

Body—Blood-red mohair ribbed with gold tinsel. Tail—Sprigs of mallard
and pheasant tippet feather. Legs—A blood-red and dark-blue hackle

wound on together. Wings—Brown mallard and blue macaw. feelers;
black ostrich head. Hooks Nos. 1 and 2.

78 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and abo-
riginal manufacture).

32737. Artificial flies for salmon, trout, and bass—Continued.

em. Caribou.

Body—Tip gold tinsel, tag golden-yellow silk, next a black silk joint, the
rest of gray caribou. Legs—Gray hackle with a claret on the shoulder.
Tail—Gold pheasant topping. Wings—Turkey and mallard with sprigs
of macaw and pheasant tippet feather; black ostrich head. Hooks Nos.
1-0, and 1.

cn. Moose.

Body—Yellow floss ribbed with silver tinsel. Tail—A China pheasant top-
ping. Legs—A yellow hackle; shoulder hackle a guinea-hen. Wings—
Two tippet feathers of the China pheasant with fibres of mallard wood-
duck on each side; black ostrich head. Hooks Nos. 1, 2, and 3.

co. Moosehead.

Body—Deep claret mohair ribbed with gold twist. Tail—A topping.
Legs—A claret hackle with three turns of orange hackle at the shoulder.
Wings—Strips of brown mallard and tippet feather with red macaw
feelers; black ostrich head. Hooks Nos. 1, 2, and 3.

cp. Fiery-brown.

Body—Fiery brown mohair ribbed with gold tinsel. Tail—A small topping
mixed with wood-duck. Legs—A brown-red hackle. Wings—Brown
mallard with a little wood-duck and golden pheasant neck-feather
mixed; black head. Hooks Nos. 1, 2, and 3. é

cq. Parson.

cr. Gold Wing.

cs. Gold Mallard.

ct. Kireudbrightshire.
cu. Eagle.

cv. Tartan.

cw. Last Fly.

ex, Atkinson.

cy. Strachan.

cz. Parson.

Body—Black mohair tipped with orange and ribbed with silver twist.
Tail—A small topping. Legs—A black hackle. Wings—Brown turkey-
tail; black head. Hooks Nos. 2 and 3.

da. Ross.

Body—Cinnamon-colored floss ribbed with gold twist. Tail—Sprigs of
green parrot. Legs—A furnace hackle. Wings—Brown mallard mixed
with peacock herl; black ostrich bead. Hooks Nos. 1-0 and 1.

db. Forsyth.

de. Chamberlin.

dd. Green. .
de. Whitcher.

df. Langrin.

dg. Emmet.

dh. Captain.

di. Major.

dj. Darling.

dk. Durham Ranger.

—

>

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 19

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and abo-
riginal manufacture).

$2737. Artificial flies for salmon, trout, and bass—Continued.

dl. Goldfinch.

dm. Britannia.

dn. Popham.

do. White Tip.

dp. White Wing.

dq. Drake Wing.

dr. Dun Wing.

ds. Black and Yellow.

dt. Blue Doctor,

du. Kate.

dv. Ruggles.

dw. Little yellow May Dun, with water-color sketch of original.
dx. Oak Fly, with water-color sketch of original.

Body —Orange floss silk ribbed with ash-colored silk thread or a little floss,
the ash-color to be shown well at the tail and shoulders. Wings—From a
scapular feather of the woodcock. Legs—A furnace hackle or red cock’s
hackle with a black list up the middle. For Pennsylvania, hooks Nos. 8 to
10; for New York, hooks Nos. 6 to 8; for New England, hooks Nos. 5 and 6.

dy. Black Gnat, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Black ostrich herl. Wings—From the quill-feather of the rice-bird or
grakle. Legs—Black hackle. For Pennsylvania, hooks Nos. 10 to 12; for
New York, hooks Nos. 8 to 10; for New England, hook No. 8.

dz. Fern Fly, with water-color sketch of original.

Body— Orange floss silk. Wings—From the quill-feather of the summer-duck
wing; the smaller-sized hooks can be dressed from the wing-feather of the
blue-jay. Legs—A red cock’s hackle. For Pennsylvania, hooks Nos. 8 to
10; for New York, hooks Nos. 6 to 8; for New England, hooks Nos. 5 and 6.

ea. Yellow Sally, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Any yellowish fur ribbed with yellow or apple-green silk. Wings—
From a wing-feather of a white hen or white pigeon stained pale yellow.
Legs—A white cock’s hackle stained in the same dye. For Pennsylvania,
hooks Nos. 6 to 8; for New York, hooks Nos. 5 and 6; for New England,
hooks Nos. 4 and 5,

eb. Alder Fly, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Peacock’s herl. Wings—From a feather of a brown hen’s wing.
Legs—A red cock’s hackle or a black cock’s hackle will answer tolerably
well. For Pennsylvania, hooks Nos. 8 to 10; for New York, hooks Nos, 5
and 6; for New England, hooks Nos. 4 and 5.

ec. Sky Blue, with water-color sketch of original.

| ed. Little dark Spinner, with water-color sketch of original.
| ee. Turkey Brown, with water-color sketch of original.
| ef. Magalloway.
| Body—Half black ostrich and half brown mohair ribbed with gold twist.
| Tail—Short fibers of yellow macaw. Legs—A furnace hackle of the
| shoulder. Wings—Strips of brown quill-feathers of the peacock; black

ostrich head. Hook No. 3.
| eg. Bemis Stream.
| Body—Chestnut mohair ribbed with gold tinsel. Tail—China pheasant top-
| ping. Legs—A chestnut hackle. Wings—Strips of brown peacock mixed
with bustard. Hooks Nos. 1 and 2.

80 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and abo-
riginal manufacture).

32737. Artificial flies for salmon, trout, and bass—Continued.

eh. Mooselocmaguntick.

Body—About equal parts mixed of gray squiszrel’s fur and pea-green mohair
ribbed with gold twist. Tail—Four strands of argus feathers. Legs—A
brown bittern hackle. Wings—Gray speckled turkey, white tipped (dye
yellow), with a strip of argus feather on each side; green ostrich head.
Hook No. 1.

ei. Molechunkemunk,

Body—Orange floss silk ribbed with gold tinsel, backed with silver twist.
Tail—China pheasant topping. Legs—A furnace hackle. Wings—Brown
mallard; black ostrich head.

ej. Willow Finch.

Body—Yellow seal’s fur ribbed with silver twist. Tail—Sprigs of tippet
feathers mixed with yellow macaw. Legs—A yellow hackle, at the shoul-
der asmall guinea-hen stained yellow. Wings—Strips of swan feather dyed
yellow with aspray of guinea-hen (tail-feather) dyed yellow ; black ostrich
head. Hooks Nos. 1, 2, and 3.

ek. Oquassac.

Body—Red claret mohair ribbed with pink floss. Tail—Yellow tag with
pieces of argus and tippet feathers. Legs—A claret hackle. Wings—Strips
from the quill-feather of the argus pheasant; black ostrich head. Hooks
Nos. 1-0 and 1.

el. Welokennebago.

Body—Red pig’s hair ribbed with broad gold tinsel, backed with silver twist.
Tail—A mixture of black turkey tipped with white and scarletibis. Legs—
Scarlet hackle. Wings—Fibers of red macaw mixed with strips of black
and brown turkey tipped with white; black ostrich head.

em. Capsuptuc.

Body—Silver tinsel ribbed with gold twist. Tail—Fibers of China pheasant
tail mixed with guinea-hen and red macaw. Legs—A brilliant scarlet
hackle. Wings—Mixed and to be made full. Two strips of brown turkey
tipped with white-brown mallard, China pheasant tail and guinea-hen;
black ostrich head. Hooks Nos. 1-0, 1, and 2.

en. Orange Grouse.

eo. Thunder and Lightning.
ep. Lough Gil.

eq. Lillie.

er. Black Ant.

es. Blue Blow.

et. Mare.

eu. Hare’s Ear.

ev. Ibis.

ew. Seth Green.

ex. Red Creeper.

ey. Turkey Brown.

ez. Queen ef the Waters.
fa. Governor.

fb. White Miller.

fe. Lion.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 81

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and abo-
riginal manufacture).

32737. Artificial flies for salmon, trout, and bass—Continued.
fd. Water-witch.
Je. Atkinson.
tf. Ovx Own Pattern.
tg. Green Drake, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Pale straw-colored floss silk ribbed with brown silk thread or floss;
the extremities are of brown peacock’s herl. Tail—Three rabbit’s whiskers,
Wings—Made from a mottled feather of mallard stained a pale yellowish-
green. Legs—A grizzled cock’s hackle stained a yello-vish-green in the
same dye. For Pennsylvania, hooks Nos. 6 to 8; for New York, hooks Nos.
4to6; for New England, hooks Nos. 3 and 4.

fh. Gray Drake, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—The middle part of white floss silk ribbed with silver twist; the ex-
tremities of brown peacock’s herl. Tail—Three rabbit’s whiskers. Wings—
Made trom a gray mottled feather of the mallard. Size of hooks same as
green drake. ;

fi. Orange Dun, with water-color sketch of original.

This fly is equally attractive to trout, and is a prime favorite in its day—the
end of June, July, and August. Body—Dark orange silk. Tail—Two fibers
of brown mallard feather. Wings—From the quill-feather of the large
red-crowned woodpecker. For Pennsylvania, hooks Nos. 6 to 8; for New
York, hook No. 6; for New England, hooks Nos. 5 and 6,

fj. Green Mackerel, with water-color sketch of original.
fk. Brown Mackerel, with water-color sketch of original.
fl. Marlow Buzz, with water-color sketch of original.

fm. Pale Evening Dun, with water-color sketch of original.
fn. July Dun, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Mole’s fur and pale-yellow mohair mixed and spun on yellow silk.
Tail—Two or three whiskers of a dark dun hackle. Wings—From the
Quill-feather of a blue-jay. Legs—Dark dun hackle. For Pennsylvania,
hooks Nos. 8 to 10; for New York, hooks Nos. 6 to 8; for New England,
hooks Nos. 5 and 6.

fo. Gold-eyed Gauge-wing, with water-color sketch of original.
fp. Butcher, No. 1.
fq. Blue Ranger.
Jr. Black Ranger.
fs. Colonel.
ft. Children’s Farlow.
Ju. Candlestick Maker.
fv. Baker.
fw. Butcher.
Ju. Namsen.
fy. Black and Teal.
2. Guinea Hen.
ga. Claret.
gb. Inquichin.
gc. Maxwell Ranger.
gd. August Dun, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Brown floss silk, ribbed with yellow silk thread. Tail—T wo rabbit’s
whiskers. Wings—Feather of a brown hen’s wing. Legs—A dark red
hackle. For Pennsylvania, hook No. 8; for New York, hook No. 6; for
New England, hook No. 5.

6 F

82 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and
aboriginal manufacture).

Continued.

32737. Artificial flies for salmon, trout, and bass
ge. Orange, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Orange floss silk, ribbed with black silk. Wings—Dark part of the
blue-jay’s wing. Legs—A very dark furnace hackle. For Pennsylvania,
hooks Nos. 8 to 10; for New York, hooks Nos. 6 to 8; for New England,
hook No. 6.

gf. Cinnamon, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Fawn-colored floss silk, ribbed with red silk thread. Wings—Feather
of a yellow-brown hen’s wing. Legs—A ginger hackle. For Pennsylva-
nia, hook No. 8; for New York, hook No. 6; for New England, hook No. 6.

gg. Blue-bottle, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Bright blue floss silk, with a few turns of brown floss at the shoulder,
Wings—From the quill-feather of a water-hen. Legs—Black hackle from
a cock, wrapped down the principal part of the body. For Pennsylvania,
hook No. 8; for New York, hook No. 6; for New England, hook No. 5.

gh. Whirling-blue Dun, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Squirrel’s red-brown fur mixed with yellow mohair. Tail—One or
two whisks of a pale ginger hackle. Wings—From the quill-feather of a
mallard. For Pennsylvania, hook No. 8; for New York, hook No. 8; for
New England, hook No. 6.

42867. Salmon flies. Manufactured by. Conroy, Bisset & Malleson,
New York. U.S. Fish Commission.

a. Halifax.

b. Curtis.

c. Blue Sandy.
d. Fairy.

e. Unknown.

f. Sapper.

g. Silver Grey.
h. Jock. Scott.

i. Claret Body.
j. Fancy Yellow.
k. Butcher.

l. Popham.

m. Silver Doctor.
n. Red Blue.

o. Fiery Brown.
p. Claret Fairy.
q. Unknown.

r. Silver Doctor.
s. Prouty.

t. Jock Scott.

wu. Red Robin.

v. Black Robin.
w. Donkey.

x. Dark Claret.

-

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

83

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and

42868.

asses

=a So

e
wad LE es

~
>
=

n.

42869.

SAW 02 As Ss

aboriginal manufacture.).

Lake flies. Manutactured by Conroy, Bissett & Malleson, New

York. U.S. Fish Commission.

. Blue Dun.

. Professor.

. Grizzly King.

. Searlet Ibis.

. Golden Pheasant.
. Grizzly Hackle.
. Coachman.

. Black Moose.

. Jungle Cock.

. Brown Hackle.
;; Cow Dung.

. Yellow Sally.

. Yellow Moose.

Turkey. ©

. Saranac.

. Black Fly.

. White Miller.

». White Miller (fall wings).
. Cow Dung.

t. Black Hackle.

. Silver Doctor.

y. Fiery Yellow.

. March Brown.

. Abbey.

. Yellow Body Moth.

(C. B. & M.)

Bass flies, used for the black bass (Micropterus pallidus). Man-

ufactured by Conroy, Bissett & Malleson.
mission. (C, B. & M.)

. Searlet Ibis.

. Black Fly.

. Mealy Mouth.

. Turkey Brown.

. Yellow Ferguson.

Page.

. Holberton’s Humble Bee,
. Cape Vincent.

. Holberton.

. Ferguson.

*; White Miller.

. Yellow Bee.

. St. Lawrence.

. Grizzly King.

. Mallard.

. Scarlet Moth.

. Scarlet Moth, No. 2.
», Mallard.

U.S. Fish Com-

84

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and

aboriginal manufacture).

42871. Trout and grayling flies. Manufactured by Conroy, Bissett &

Malleson, New York. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

a. Professor.
. Grizzly Hackle, or Palmer.
. Grey Drake.
. Yellow Sally.
. Black Gnat.
. Red Hackle, or Palmer.
. Scarlet Ibis.
. Brown Hackle, or Palmer.
. Grizzly King.
. Black Fly.
. Blue Blow.
|. White Miller.
. Olive Guat.
. Green Body Black Fly.
. March Brown.
. Searlet Body Black Fly.
q. Great Dun.
yr. Claret Gnat.
s. Jungle Cock.
t. Golden Spinner.
wu. Cock-Y.
v. Beaverkill.
w. Grouse Hackle.
a. Abbey or Jew Fly.
y. Yellow Jungle Cock.
z. Ginger Hackle.
aa. Cowdung.
ab. Yellow May Fly or Green Drake.
ac. Coachman.
ad. Canada.
ae. Shoemaker.
af. Red Spinner.
ag. Blue Dun.
ah. Queen of the Water.
ai. Black Hackles, or Palmer.
ai. Willow, with water-color sketch of original. |
Body—Mole’s fur mixed with a little fine yellow mohair. Wings—From the |
quill-feather of a water-hen or coot. Legs—A dark dun hen’s hackle. For |
Pennsylvania, hooks Nos. 8 to 10; for New York, hook No. 8; for New Eng-
land, hooks Nos. 5 and 6,

acs

Sa Wa

~ rhs. os.

~
Ss = s

rs

aj. Snowy.
ak. Beauty Snow.
al. Red Palmer, with water-color sketch of original.

Body—Red mohair ribbed with gold twist or tinsel. Legs—A blood-red
eock’s (saddle) hackle wrapped nicely over it, working the hackle closely |
together at the shoulder. For Pennsylvania, hooks Nos. 6, 8, and 10; for
New York, hooks Nos. 4,5, and 6; for New England, hooks Nos. 3, 4, and 5.

am. Black and Red Palmer, with water-color sketch of original.
an. Brown Palmer, with water-color sketch of original.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 85

HOOKS (including a full series of unmounted hooks, of recent and
| aboriginal manufacture).

42871. Trout and grayling flies—Continued.
ao. Furnace.
ap. Grizzle.
aq. Ginger.
ar. List.
as. Soldier.
at. White.
au. Grizzle Peacock.
av. Red.
aw. Black Peacock.
ax. Black.
ay. Brown Peacock.
az. Searlet.

39248. 2 ‘* Holt Patent Fly Books,” one with cover, one without. Manufac-
tured by Abbey & Imbrie. U.S. Fish Commission. (A. & I.)

39249. ‘‘ Perfection Expanding Pocket Tackle Book.” U.S. Fish Commis-

sion. (A. & I.)
39254. Fly books containing salmon, black bass, shad, grayling, and trout
flies. Manufactured by Abbey & Imbrie, New York. U.S. Fish
Commission. (A. & I.)
25548. Salmon fly-book for carrying artificial flies.
25547. Trout fly-book for carrying artificial flies. Lent by Bradford &
Anthony, Boston, Mass.

39208. Holberton fly-book. For salmon flies. U. 8. Fish Commission.
(C. B. & M.)

39209. Holberton full-length fly-book. (Capacity, 8 dozen flies.) U.S. Fish
Commission. (C. B. & M.)

39210. Holberton full-length fly-book. (Capacity, 6dozenflies.) U.S. Fish
Commission. (C. B. & M.)

39211. Holberton full-length fly-book. (Capacity, 3 dozen flies.) U. 8. Fish
Commission. (C. B. & M.)

All the Holberton fly-books mentioned above are intended to hold
gut at full length, and are furnished with the improved ‘‘ Hyde
clips” for keeping the flies in place.

39212. Snell-book with changeable pockets. U. 8S. Fish Commission.

(C. B. & M.)
This snell-book is of new style, and is very convenient for carrying a
variety of flies.
39247, ‘Southside Fly-Book,” with Abbey & Inbrie’s patent clip for holding
flies at full length. 7? incheslong. U. 8. Fish Commission.
(A. &I.)

39316. Imitation “ Southside Fly-Book.” Sincheslong. U.S. Fish Commis-
sion. (A. & I.)

39317. Imitation ‘‘Southside Fly-Book.” 6 inches long. U.S. Fish Com-
mission, (A. & I.)

LINES.
Silk lines.

25633. Series of braided raw-silk lines. (50 yards; C to G.) G. H. Mans-
field & Co., Canton, Mass.

86 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

LINES.

Silk-lines—Continued.
25632. Oiled, braided, raw-silk lines. G. H. Mansfield & Co.,Canton, Mass.

25628. XXXX silk fish-line. (50 yards.) a
25629, XX silk fish-line. (50 yards.) es

25634. Grass lines. Nos. 0, 1, and 3 cable, and 3 shroud. Bradford & An-
thony, Boston, Mass.

25635. Braided grass lines. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

42766. Waterproof tapered braided silk line for salmon (10). (120 yards.)
U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

42774. Waterproof silk line for grilse (10), (100 yards.) U.S. Fish Com-
mission. (C. B. & M.)

42775. Waterproof silk line for black bass (8). (50 yards.) U.S. Fish
Commission. (C. B. & M.)

42776. Waterproof silk line for trout. (30 yards.) U.S. Fish Commission.
(C. B. & M.)

42767. Oiled-silk black-bass line. (100 yards.) U. 8. Fish Commission,
(C. B. & M.)

42777. Oiled-silk trout-line. (100 yards.) U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B.
& M.)

42778. Raw-silk line, heavy. (50 yards.) U. 8. Fish Commission. (C.
B. & M.)

42769. Raw-silk line, ight. (50 yards.) U. S. Fish Commission. (C. B.
& M.)

42765. Braided silk line, heavy. (50 yards.) U.S. Fish Commission. (C.
B. & M.)

42779. Braided silk line, light. (50 yards.) U.S. Fish Commission. (C.
B. & M.)

39250. Waterproof banded tapered silk line, No.4. (40 yards.) U.S. Fish
Commission. (A. & I.)

39251. Waterproof banded tapered silk line. (50 yards.) U.S. Fish Com-
mission. (A. & I.)

39252. Waterproof banded tapered silk line, No.3. (80 yards.) U.S. Fish
Commission, (A. & I.)

39253. Waterproof banded tapered silk line. (100 yards.) U.S. Fish Com-
mission, (A. & I.)

Linen lines.

25626. Hard-braid linen lines. (1 to 5; 50 yards each.) G.H. Mansfield &
Co., Canton, Mass.

25631. Series of braided linen fish-lines. (50 yards.) G. H. Mansfield &
Co., Canton, Mass.

25612. Linen fish-lines. J. & S. Allen, Walpole, Mass.

25613. Linen fish-lines. i

25618. Linen fish-lines. us

25637. Linen bass-line. (600 feet.) Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

42780. Braided linen line, No. 3. (50 yards.) U.S. Fish Commission. (C.
B. & M.)

42781. Braided linen line, b. (50 yards.) U.S. Fish Commission. (C.
B. & M.)

42768. Special extra quality flax reel-lines. 9-thread. (200 yards.) U.S.
Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Made of the best Irish flax, spun especially for the purpose.

42764. Special extra quality flax reel-lines. 12-thread. (200 yards.) U.S.

Fish Commission. (C.B.& M.)

-—

LINES.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 87

Cotton lines.

95619. Cotton fish-lines. (20 feet hank.) L. Crandall & Co., Ashaway, Fie

25620. Cotton fish-lines. (50 feet shroud, laid.) es

25621. Cotton fish-lines. (28-fathom hawser. ) se

25622. Cotton fish-lines. (14-fathom hawser. ) ss

42770. Cotton line, No. 3. (84 feet hawser, laid.) U.S. Fish Commission.
(C. B. & M.)

42771. Cotton line, No. 6. (84 feet hawser, laid.) U.S. Fish Commission.
(C. B. & M.)

42763. Cotton line, No. 10. (84 feet hawser, laid.) U. S. Fish Commission.
(C. B. & M.)

42772. Linen line, No. 3. (84 feet hawser, laid.) U.S. Fish Commission.
(C. B. & M.)

42773. Linen line, No. 6. (84 feet hawser, laid.) U.S. Fish Commission.
(C. B. & M.)

25624. Tarred cotton fishing-lines. (25-fathom shroud.) L. Crandall &
Co., Ashaway, R. I.

25623. Cotton fishing-lines. (50 feet shroud, laid.) LL. Crandall & Co.,
Ashaway, R. I. .

26016. Golden-mackerel lines of assorted sizes. Made of pure Sea-Island
cotton. J. W. Dresser, Castine, Me.

25625. Braided cotton fishing-lines. G. H. Mansfield & Co., Canton, Mass.

660: Fishing-line. Northwest coast of America. G. Gibbs.
Whalebone lines.

2193. Whalebone fish-line. Anderson River Indians. Anderson River.
R. MacFarlane.

2197. Whalebone line with hooks. Eskimo. Anderson River. R. Mac-

Farlane.

Hide lines.

8787.
8785.

16314,
15617.

19376.

13142.

Fishing-line made of seal-skin. Mahlemut Eskimo. W. H. Dall.

Fishing-line made of seal-skin. Kaviakemut Eskimo. Grantley
Harbor, Alaska. W. H. Dall.

Harpoon-line. Nunivak Island, Alaska. W. H. Dall.

Harpoon-line. Made of skin of young walrus. Alaska. H. W.
Elliott.

Harpoon-line made of seal-skin. Rev. James Curley.

Raw walrus-hide line.

Bark lines.

20655. Fishing-line made of cedar bark. Bella Bella, B.C. J..G. Swan.
Kelp lines.
656. Fishing-lines of sea-weed. (Nereocystis lutkeana.) Northwest coast

6561.

of America. G. Gibbs.
Fish-line of kelp. (Nereocystis lutkeana.) With halibut-hooks.
Haidah Indians. Prince of Wales Archipelago. Dr. T. 'T. Minor,

88 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

SNOODS, LEADERS, AND TRACES.

“ Cat-gut” (sheep) snoods and leaders.

42872. Gut leaders. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)
a. Twisted gut leader for salmon. (9 feet long.)
b. Double and twisted gut leader. (9 feet long.)
c. Single and twisted gut leader. (9 feet long.)
d. Double gut leader for bass. (9 feet long.)
e. Single gut leader for trout. (9 feet long.)
f. Single gut leader for salmon. (9 feet long.)
g. Single gut leader for trout. (6 feet long.)
h. Single gut leader for trout. (3 feet long.)
i. Single gut leader for trout. Extra fine. (9 feet long.)
j. Double gut leader for bass. (3 feet long.)
k, Treble gut leader for bass. (3 feet long.)
l, Double gut leader for bass. (6 feet long.)

Gimp gut.
39451. Samples for snells and leaders of fish-lines. F. Foster, New York,
through B & A.
39452. The same in water to show its transparency. F. Foster & Co.

Silkworm-gut snoods, fiax snoods, gimp snoods, wire snoods, and
hooks mounted on leaders.

42873. ‘ Snelled” hooks, or hook mounted on leaders. U. 8S. Fish Commis-
sion.
Carlisle Kirby hooks for bluefish and pickerel. (Tied to gimp.)
Carlisle Kirby hooks for bass. (Tied to double gut. )
. Limerick hooks for pickerel. (Tied to gimp.)
Kinsey hooks for bass. (Tied to double gut.)
‘‘Forged” O’Shaughnessy hooks. (Tied to double gut.)
f. Limerick hooks for bass. (Tied to double gut.)
g. Limerick hooks for perch. (‘Tied to double gut. )
25540. Kinsey trout-hooks. (Tied to gut.) Bradford & Anthony, Boston,

g Sos S'S

Mass.
25542, Aberdeen hooks. (Tied to gut.) Bradford & Anthony, Boston,
Mass.

25543. Hollow-point Limerick hooks. (Tied to double gut.) B. & A.

25544. Hollow-point Limerick hooks. (Tied to twisted gut.) B. & A.

25545. Hollow-point Limerick hooks. (Tied to gimp.) B. & A.

25546. Carlisle hooks. (Tied to gimp.) Bb. & A.

25539. Hollow-point Limerick trout-hooks. (Tied to gut.) B. & A.

25541. New York bass-hooks. (Tiedto gut.) B. & A.

42881. Bluefish hook mounted on piano wire. U. S. Fish Commission.
(C. B. & M.)

42896. Bluefish hooks on brass snells. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

SINKERS.

Line-sinkers.
39428. Sinkersandswivels. For fishing-lines. Bradford & Anthony, Boston,
Mass.
25605. Series of sinkers used in fishing for cod and tautog. Newport models.
J. M. K. Southwick, Newport, R. I.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 89
SINKERS.
39428. Patent adjustable floats and sinkers. Bradford & Anthony.
25607. Hand-line sinkers. Rhode Island and Eastern Connecticut. <A. R.
Crittenden.
29456. Cod-lead mold. Used to make form in molding. John B. Parsons,
Rockport, Mass.
15591. Sinker made of walrus ivory. Pornoox Eskimos, Alaska. H. W.
Elliott.
Net-sinkers.
29393. Net-rings or sinkers. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.
22229. Purse-net ring andthimble. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,
Conn.
SWIVELS.

25798. Horn cod-line swivel. Much used in olden time by Grand and
George’s Banks fishermen. George B. Foster, Beverly, Mass.

25945. Cod-line swivel. Central Wharf Company, Gloucester, Mass.

26017. Cod-line gange-swivel. <A. R. Crittenden, Middletown, Conn.

25944-6. Patent gange-swivel. Used in cod-fishing. Central Wharf Com-
pany, Gloucester, Mass.

29487. Haddock-gange swivel. Showing modeof fastening. Lemuel Cook,
2d, Provincetown, Mass.

32713. Buoy-swivel (new style). A. Voss, Gloucester, Mags.

32694. Buoy-swivel (old style). To prevent the buoy-line from twistings
Gloucester. U.S. Fish Commission.

25942. Halibut-gange. Showing mdde of fastening onthe hook. A. R. Crit-
tenden.

29457. Shark-hook swivel. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

29395. Primitive trawl-buoy swivels. George B. Foster, Beverly, Mass.

29476. Halibut trawl-buoy swivel. Used by the George’s Banks fishermen.
Amasa Taylor, Provincetown, Mass.

29493. Trawl-buoy swivels. Alex. McCurdy, East Gloucester, Mass.

25187. Trawl-buoy rope swivel. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,
Conn.

25946. Trawl-buoy rope swivel. Central Wharf Company, Provincetown,
Mass.

32609. Patent hawse-swivel, for George’s fishing. U.S. Fish Commission,
39178. Old style horn swivel, made in 1800. U.S. Fish Commission.
39179. Old style wooden swivel. U.S. Fish Commission.

FLOATS.

Line-floats of wood, cork, and quill.

25651. Ege-shaped floats. Wm. M. Young, Philadelphia, Penn.

25662. Barrel-shaped floats. ie :
42874. Ege-shaped floats. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)
42874. Barrel-shaped floats. . =

Harpoon-floats of bladder, inflated skin, and wood.
20898. Seal-skin buoy. Sitka, Alaska. J. G. Swan.
19515. Seal-skin buoy. North Greenland. G. Y. Nickerson.
827, 4970. Seal-skin buoy with rope. Makah Indians. Neeah Bay, Puget
Sound, W.T. J. G. Swan.

90
FLOATS.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Keg and other floats for lobster-pots, gill-nets, &c.

Whale-line drag.

25914.

REELS.

Whale-line drag. Attached to the line and thrown overboard to
check the speed of the whale.

Simple reels for flying fish, with and without check.

42813.

42814.
42818.
42820.
42822.
42823.

42825.
42826.

25568.

25581.

25582.
25567.
25586.

25585.
25575.

39245.
39431,

39432.

39430.

Salmon click-reel. Hard rubber and German silver. German-silver
band. Rubber sliding-drag. U. 8, Fish Commission.

Grilse click-reel. Rubber and German silver. Rubber band.
German-silver and rubber click-reel for black bass. German-silver
band. (Capacity, 50 yards.) U. 8. Fish Commission. z
Rubber click-reel for trout. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)
German-silver secret click-reel. (Capacity, 40 yards.) C. B. & M.)
German-silver, capped, click-reel. (Capacity, 40 yards.) C.B. & M.)
Rubber and brass click-reel. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Tron-reel. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)
This reel is exhibited in contrast with No. 42813. The difference in
value between these two reels is as 1 to 60.

. Brass fishing-reel. Plain, single, with ring. Bradford & Anthony,

Boston, Mass.

. Brass fishing-reel. Plain, single, with plate. Bradford & Anthony,

Boston, Mass.

. Brass fishing-reel. Plain, single, with stop and ring. Bradford &

Anthony, Boston, Mass.

. Brass fishing-reel. Plain, single, with stop and plate. Bradford &

Anthony, Boston, Mass.

. Hard-rubber fishing-reel, German-silver band. Rim very narrow,

with leather case. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.
Hard-rubber salmon-fishing reel. German-silver rim. Bradford &
Anthony, Boston, Mass.
Rubber trout-reel. (Fowler’s patent.) B. & A. Boston, Mass.
Orvis’ patent fishing-reel. German silver, nickeled and perforated.
Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.
Fine click brass fishing-reel. (25 yards.) Bradford & Anthony,
Boston, Mass.
Brass fishing-reel. Click, with plate. B. & A., Boston, Mass.
Brass fishing-reel. Click, with ring. B. & A., Boston, Mass.
German-silver trout-fishing reel. Click, with rim. Bradford & An-
thony, Boston, Mass.

. German-silver trout click fishing-reel. (1&0 yards.) Bradford & An-

tnony, Boston, Mass.

. Hard-rubber trout-fishi-g reel. Click, German-silver rim.
. Hard-rubber trout-fishing reel. Click, plain rim. Bradford & An-

thony, Boston, Mass.

Hard-rubber salmon-reel. U.S. Fish Commission. (A. & I.)

Large ebonite trout-reel. Manufactured by Philbrook & Paine.
Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

Small ebonite trout-reel. Manufactured by Philbrook & Paine.
Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

Ebonite grilse-reel. Manufactured by Philbrook & Paine. Brad-
ford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

FISHERIES. OF THE UNITED STATES. 91

REELS.

Simple reels for flying fish, with and without check—Continued.

25979, Celluloid trout click fishing-reel. Bradford & Anthony, Boston,
Mass,

20564, German-silver salmon-fishing reel, click. (4}inch.) Bradford & An-
thony, Boston, Mass.

39236. Frankfort reel with balance handle. B. C. Milam, Frankfort, Ky.

25566. Reel.

Multiplying reels for bass fishing, with and without check.

25574. German-silver fishing-reel. Multiplying; 25 yards. Bradford &
Anthony, Boston, Mass.

25570. Hard rubber trout-fishing reel. Multiplying; 60 yards. Bradford
& Anthony, Boston, Mass.

25584. Brass fishing-reel. Multiplying stop and plate. Bradford & An-
thony, Boston, Mass.

25573. Brass fishing-reel. Multiplying drag; 60 yards. Bradford & An-
thony, Boston, Mass.

25572. German-silver fishing-reel. Steel pivot, multiplying drag, 300 yards.
Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

25578. Celluloid fishing-reel. With multiplying click and extra spool.
Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

39246. Hard rubber black bass, duplex, multiplying spinning reel, with ad-
justable click, cup center, anti-friction action. Imbrie pattern; in
case. U.S. Fish Commission. (A. & I.)

25580, Celluloid fishing-reel. Multiplying and click. Bradford & Anthony
Boston, Mass.

25583. Brass fishing-reel. Multiplying, stop anda ring. Bradford & An-
thony, Boston, Mass.

42827. Winan’s and Whistler patent striped-bass reel. Rubber and brass.
Silver plated, complete with line. U.S. Fish Commission.

25880. Brass reel. (C. B. & M.)

42815, Rubber and German-silver reel. With steel pivot and balance

; handle. Multiplying. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

42816. German silver steel pivot-reel. With balance handle. Multiply-
ing. U.S. Fish Commission. (C.B. & M.)

42817. German silverreel. With balance handle. Multiplying. U.S. Fish
Commission. (C. B. & M.)

42819. Brass reel. With balance handle. Multiplying. U.S. Fish Commis-
sion. (C. B. & M.)

42821. Rubber reel. With German-silver band. For black bass. With
multiplying, click, and drag attachment. U.S. Fish Commission,
(C. B. & M.)

42824. Quadruple, multiplying, nickel-plated reel. With balance handles.
U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

GUNWALE-WINCHES.
Trawl-line rollers.
39172. Trawl-roller used in 1870. U.S. Fish Commission.
29432. Trawl-roller or hauler, Provincetown style. Andrew Kennedy,
Provincetown, Mass.
29434. Trawl-roller or hauler. Cape Ann style. Samuel Elwell, jr., Glou-
cester, Mass.

92

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

GUNWALE-WINCHES.
Trawl-line rollers—Continued.

29488.

29445.

25767.

39476.
29420,

32712.

Trawl-roller and eye-plate. First used by Provincetown fishermen.
Amasa Taylor, Provincetown, Mass.

Improved trawl-roller and socket. Amasa Taylor, Provincetown,
Mass.

Trawl-roller. Used to haul in trawls over the sides of dory. Allen
L. MeDonald, Gloucester, Mass.

Trawl-winch. Gloucester, Mass. G. Brown Goode.

Line-roller. Used on whale-boats. Wm. M. Smith, Provincetown,
Mass.

Patent trawl-winch for hauling in trawls. A.Voss. Gloucester, Mass

LINE-HOLDERS.

Whaleman’s line-tub.

25009,

Harpoon-line and tub. Used in whale-boat. J.H. Thomson, New
Bedford, Mass.

Tub for trawl-line. (See under Trawl.)

Line winder.

a

Spools.

20992.

RODS.

25511.

25501.

25500.

Line winder. ‘N. Swift’s.” Bradford & Anthony.

Crab-line reel. Used in Newport, R. I. J. M. K. Southwick, New-
port, R. I.

Common rod. Three pieces; ash and hornbeam; brass mounting-
Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

General fishing-rod. Nine pieces; German-silver mounting. Brad-
ford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

General fishing-rod. Six pieces; ash and lancewood; German-silver
mounting. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

. Gudgeon-rod. Three pieces; ash and hornbeam; brass mounting;

common. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

. Common pickerel-rod. Four pieces. Bradford & Anthony, Boston,

Mass.

. Bait-rod for trout. Four pieces; common. Bradford & Anthony,

Boston, Mass.

. Jointed rod. Four joints, extra tips, tie guides; made. of Calcutta

bamboo; full mounted in brass. Bradford & Anthony, Boston,
Mass.

. Common bass-rod. Four pieces; brass mounted. Bradford &
3

Anthony, Boston, Mass.

. Light bass-rod. Four pieces; extra top; ash and lancewood ;

German-silver mounting. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

. Bass-rod. Four pieces and extra top for sea-fishing; ash and lance-

wood; German-silver mounting; jeweled tip. Bradford &
Anthony, Boston, Mass.

. Sea-bass rod. Ash butt joint, bamboo middle joint, lancewood

stock ; double guides, jeweled; German-silver mounting; jeweled
tips. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

9, Double-guided bass-rod, with reversible reel-plate. (Chubb’s patent. )

Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

RODS.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 93

25499. Black-bass rod. Four pieces and two extra tops; split bamboo;
German-silver mounting. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

25502. Fly-rod. Three pieces and extra top; cedarand split bamboo. Brad-
ford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

25504. Fly-rod. Three pieces and extra top; extra middle joint: bamboo
tip case; ash and lancewood; German-silyer mounting. Bradford
& Anthony, Boston, Mass.

25505. Fly-rod. Four pieces and extra top; ash and lancewood ; German-
silver mounting. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

25503. Fly-rod for trout. Three pieces and extra top; split bamboo; Ger-
man-silver mounting. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

25506. Trout-rod. Four pieces and extra top; ash and lancewood; German-
silver mounting; agate-lined tips. Bradford & Anthony, Boston,
Mass.

25507, Salmon-rod. Four pieces and extra tops; bamboo top-case; ash and
lancewood; German-silver mounting. Bradford & Anthony, Bos-
ton, Mass.

25887. The ‘‘ Cold Brook,” hollow, fly-rod. ‘ (Patented June 22, 1875.) J. L.
Graves, Springtield, Mass.

25886. The ‘‘ Cold Brook,” hollow, salmon, bass, and angling rod. Nickel-
plated, with reel showing an attached line working. (Patented
June 22, 1875.) J. L. Graves, Springfield, Mass.

The following are the advantages claimed by Mr. Graves for his new rods:
“1. The line is concealed and cannot be caught in underbrush or
branches.
The strain on the rod is equalized through the entire length.
There is no friction through rings or guides except on the tip.
The strength of the rod is greatly increased.
The weight of the rod is diminished.
. The wet line is not reeled up to decay.
The rod goes under the brush where the big trout-lie.
. It adds greatly to the comfort and pleasure of the ‘gentle art.
25884. Piece of bamboo. Showing splitting process in construction of rods.
H. L. Leonard, Bangor, Me.

25491. Chapman’s combination trolling-pole, harpoon-line holder and cane.
W. D. Chapman, Theresa, N. Y.

42782. Six-strip hexagonal split bamboo salmon-fly rod; German-silver |
mountings; metal reel-plate. (C. B. & M.)

ao 8 28

999

a

These rods are made by cementing together six triangular strips from
the lower sections of the best bamboo cane.
42783. Six-strip hexagonal split bamboo Grilse fly-rod, German-silver mount-
ings; metal reel-seat. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)
39242. Six-strip split bamboo light trout-fly rod. U. 8. Fish Commission.
(A. & I.)
42784. Four-piece ash and lancewood salmon-rod, with duplicate joint and 3
tips; bamboo tip-case. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)
42785. Three-piece six-strip hexagonal split bamboo black-bass-fly rod;
weight 10 oz. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)
42786. Three-piece six-strip hexagonal split bamboo trout-fly rod; weight
620z. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)
These two rods are protected by well-seasoned pine forms, which also
prevent the pieces from warping and keep them straight.

94
RODS.

39478.
39479,
39480.
42787.

42789.

42790.

42791.

42792.

42793.

39243.
32244.

42795.

42796.

42797.

42798.

42799.

42800.

42801.

42802.

42803.

42804.

42805.

42806.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Split bamboo rod. H.L. Leonard, Bangor, Me.

Split bamboo rod. ss ef

Split bamboo rod, is “

Greenheart fly-rod, with split bamboo tips and bamboo tip-case. U.
S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

3. Red cedar fly-rod; duplicate joint and 3 tips. U.S. Fish Commis-

sion. (C.B. & M.)

German-silver-mounted ash and lancewood fly-rod; extra tip and
bamboo tip-case. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Brass-mounted trout-fly rod (63 0z.); extra tip and bamboo tip-case.
U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

McGinness six-strip hexagonal split bamboo bait-rod, extra tip, 11
feet long. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Forest and stream six-strip hexagonal split bamboo bait-rod, extra
tip, 9 feet long. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Three-piece German-silver-mounted McGinness ash and lancewood
minnow-rod; two tips and bamboo tip-case. U.S. Fish Commis-
sion... .(C. B. &,M:))

. Three-piece bait and four-piece fly combination black-bass rod. U.

S. Fish Commision. (C. B. & M.)

Ash and lancewood trout-fly rod. U.S. Fish Commission. (A. & I.)

Ashand lancewood short black-bass-fly rod. U.S. Fish Commission.
(A. & I.)

Three-piece German-silver-mounted mountain trout rod, ash and
lancewood ; weight 8 ounces. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. &. M.)

Three-piece brass-mounted ash and lancewood mountain trout rod;
weight & ounces. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Kelly Island bamboo black bass rod. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B.
& M.)

Kelly Island bamboo black bass rod. U.S. Fish Commission. (C.B.
& M.)

Kelly Island bamboo black bassrod, wound butt, nickel-plated mount-
ings. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Six-strip hexagonal split bamboo Newport striped bass rod, ash butt,
German-silver mountings, agate tube top and guide; twotips. U.
S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Three-piece ash and lancewood, finest German-silver mountings,
duplicate joint, two tips, Newport bass rod. U.S. Fish Commis-
sion. (C. B. & M.)

Three-piece ash and lancewood regular Newport bass rod, German-
silver mountings. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.) ‘i

Two-piece ‘‘chum-rod.” Bamboo, German-silver mountings, and
wound butt. U. 8. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Six-strip split bamboo weakfish rod; two tips. U.S. Fish Commis-
sion. (C.B. & M.)

Six-piece, six-strip split bamboo California general rod, making three
distinet rods. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Six-piece California general rod, making three distinct styles of rods.
Ash and lancewood, 374-inch joints. U.S. Fish Commission. (C.
B. & M.)

. Seven-piece ash and lancewood trank rod, 274-inch pieces. U.S. Fish

Commission. (C. B. & M.)

. Eight-piece ash and lancewood trunk rod, with hollow butt and

brass mountings. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 95

RODS.

42809. Eight-piece ash and lancewood trunk rod, with hollow butt and
German-silver mountings. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

42810. Eight-piece ash and lancewood trunk rod, German-silver, capped
ferules. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

DISGORGERS.

32717. Halibut ‘“ gob-stick.” Philip Merchant, Gloucester, Mass.

VY. NETS.

17. ENTANGLING-NETS.
MESHING-NETS (entangling in meshes).
t Drift-nets.
+ Those drifting across the tide.
Shad gill-nets used in Southern rivers.
26126. Model of shad gill-net. American Net and Twine Company, Boston
and New York.

Used in rivers of the Atlantic coast.

These nets are knit of linen thread (22-50, 3-cord, and 20-60, 2 cord).
They range in length from 50 to 200 fathoms, and in depth from 25 to 90
meshes, 42 to 5 inch mesh. They are used exclusively as drift-nets.

On the Connecticut River about 4,000 pounds of this netting are used
annually. The average weight of a net is 50 to 40 pounds, its depth 45
to 50 meshes, 54 to 54 inches.

On the Hudson River about 7,500 pounds are annually used, tine-threads
(50-75, 2-cord), 100 to 200 fathoms in length, and from 50 to 90 meshes in
depth, 42 to 5 inch, weight from 15 to 30 pounds to the net.

In the Delaware, Potomac, and Chesapeake 20,000 pounds are used, from
30 to 60 meshes in depth, and 5¢ (30 to 40, 2-cord) length, 75 to 100
fathoms.

In the rivers of North Carolina nets are made from coarse twine (22-355,
3-cord, and 20-35, 2-cord) 25 to 40 meshes in depth, 5-54 guage. Their
length is about 100 yards. About 25,000 pounds are used annually.

In the rivers of South Carolina the twine is slightly finer than in North
Carolina (25-35, 3-cord), 25 to 60 meshes deep, the size otherwise about
the same. 1,500 pounds are used annually.

In Georgia and Florida about 6,000 pounds are used. This netting is
knit from linen thread (30-40, 3-cord, and 25-35, 2-cord) 40 to 60 meshes
indepth; 423 to 54mesh. About 18 to 24 pounds are used in a net; its
length 100 yards. (A. A. French.)

Series of samples of gill-netting. American Net and Twine Com-
pany, Boston and New York:
26848. Depth 15 meshes, size of mesh 14 inch, No. 20 (3) thread.
96849, “ee 35 oe ae 24 ce “cc 40 (2) oe
2os00. “= 100 vs a DES a Awe) 45) (9) ead

06 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

MESHING NETS (entangling in meshes).

26851. Depth 35 meshes, size of mesh 24 inch, No. 30 (3) thread,
oe ¢

2085205 4) 41100) fs re 22.5 20(3) §

26853. £22 ‘és & a ison <2
26854. “a7 50 sé ee aE y £6 ** ALGICS
26255. ‘* 100 ne oe aE - BSG)
26856. a LOO os oe 3) tae S a2O(3)) eae
26857. Seog es “ ot. 20) ees
26858. sean ee “ 33. CS C2512) ae
D089. cc LG se = ot ff eave) &
26860. ‘* 40 ee a are GS ety =
%6861. oe 50 oe “e 4 “ee “ec 20 (3) ce
26862. soe le: fe o Ap ES i) 130.1) ce
96863. “ 35 é 6“ Avy &6 “ 40(3) «
26264. COAG 66 ‘“ yee 7 sé 35 (3) 6“
208605. 8) 45 es re 4t ‘ <A0K(3), sacs
26866. “ 14 ““ ‘ 4p“ “ 35(3)
20867.) 9 14 s ae 44“ s> 00) (3))) es
26868. s) SEA ce es 4p ¢ sa 30 (2) aac
26869. coe 1A ce £6 As 8 Glee) (2!) los
26870. Cant G ‘“ ‘“ AR + B53)
26871. bo 6 “ ‘6 4a 6 “ 50(3) «
26872. “ 18 6c “ 4g “ 50(3) &
26873. coe LG i ef 4g 6 (oF SOA) wanes
26874. CCW Ars ‘“ ‘“ aoa mace “ 30(2) «
96875. “ 19 ‘“ ‘“ Fetes “ 30(2)
26876. Caen 6 ‘“ FCG “35 (2) “6
26877. cc 65 ““ ‘ Foun « 40 (2) &
26878. (i 2 or iT ‘“ bE « 353) ©
96879. “ 75 6 iT BL “© 35(3)
26880. “ 1 66 “ Gee © 35 (3) *

t Drift-nets.

t Those drifting across the tide.

39258. One bale of white gill-netting. American Net and Twine Company,
Boston, Mass.
a, One bale blue gill-netting.
b. One bale red gill-netting.

oe

6c

tt Those drifting along the tide.

Herring gill-nets.

26124-28-38. Herring gill-net. Used on the coast of New England and the
Provinces in the capture of the herring (Clupea harengus). Amer-
ican net and Twine Company, Boston, Mass.

26129. Herring gill-nets.

These nets are about 40 yards long and 150 meshes in depth. They are
stretched together in big gangs, floated by pieces of wood and weighted
by stones. They are made of 45 and 6 thread cotton from 14 to 20 yarn,
23 inch average mesh. American Net and Twine Company, Boston, Mass.

39481. Model of herring gill-net. American Net and Twine Company, Bos-

ton, Mass.

. '
My

7 | FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 97

MESHING NETS (entangling in meshes).

Other gill-nets.

| 19048. Minnow-net. Pyramid Lake, Nevada. S. Powers.
| 1667. Gill-net. Anderson River Eskimos. Anderson River, H. B. T. R.
| MacFarlane.
| 7962. Gill-net made of animal fiber. Kawquettle Indians. Vancouver’s
Island, B.C. Dr. T. T. Minor.

19043. Gill-net. Cooyuwee Pi-Ute Indians. Pyramid Lake, Nev. Stephen
Powers.
4765. Gill-net made of ‘‘ Babiche.” Anderson River Indians. Mackenzie’s
| River district, H. B. T. R. MacFarlane.
| 4793. Gill-net of “ Babiche.” Ft. Anderson, McKenzie R. R. MacFarlane

POCKET NETS (entangling in pockets).

Trammel-nets.

25270. Model trammel-net. 10 feet long, 2 feet wide, 2 and 5 inch mesh.
William E. Hooper & Sons, Baltimore, Md.
26118-29. Trammel-net. American Net and Twine Company.
Used for general fishing in rivers and ponds of Northern Mississippi
Valley.

These nets range from 20 to 75 yards in length, 4 to 64 feet in depth.
| The inside netting of finer linen thread (20-25, 3-cord), mesh 2-24, 4 deeper
than the outside. The outside netting-wall from cotton (15-21 thread),
mesh 8 to 10 inches. (A. A. French.)

| 18. ENCIRCLING-NETS.
_ SEINES.

| In general.

39442, Piece of tarred seine, to show the difference between a tarred seine
and a tanned one. Gecrge Merchant, Gloucester, Mass.

Herring-seines.

26119. Model of herriny-seine. Used on coasts of New England and the
Provinces in capture of herring (Clupea harengus), and in the Hud-
son, Potomac, Delaware, and Chesapeake, and in North Carolina.
American Net and Twine Company, Boston, Mass.

26127. Model of herring-seine. American Net and Twine Company, Boston,
Mass.

Cod-seines.

' 26137. Model of cod-seine. Used in Provinces in capture of cod (Gadus
morrhua). American Net and Twine Company, Boston and New
York. 30 to 40 feet deep. Mesh5 inches, 15 to 21 thread, cotton.

Baird collecting-seines.

26136. Baird net. Designed by Prof. S. F. Baird. Used by naturalists in
collecting small fishes in brooks and ponds and in following behind
large seines to secure the small species which escape through the
meshes, six-thread coarse cotton. American Net and Twine Com-
pany, Boston Mass.

26126. Model of Baird net. American Net and Twine Company, Boston,
Mass.

7F

98 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

SEINES.
Bait-seines.

26123, 26130. Model of minnow-seine. Used by amateurs in capture of
minnow-bait. 3 to#2inch mesh, six-thread cottontwine. Ameri-
can Net and Twine Company, Boston, Mass.

26121. Model of minnow-seine, with bag. Used by fishermen to secure bait
for eel-pots. American Net and Twine Company, Boston, Mass.

Other seines.

2232. Seine. Anderson River Eskimos. Mackenzie’s River district. Robert
MacFarlane.
2444. Seine made of ‘‘babiche.” TschuktchiTribe. Capt. John Rodgers,
U.S. N., North Pacific Exploring Expedition.
2445. Seine made of ‘‘babiche.” Tschuktchi Tribe. Capt. John Rodgers,
U.S.N., North Pacific Exploring Expedition.
2446. Hand-seine made of grass. Tschuktchi Tribe. Capt. John Rodgers, »
U.S.N., North Pacific Exploring Expedition.
2447. Hand-seine made of grass. Tschuktchi Tribe. Capt. John Rodgers,
U.S.N., North Pacific Exploring Expedition.
19234. Salmon-net. McCloud River Indians. Shasta County, Cal. Liv-
ingston Stone.
20648. Salmon-net, with wooden floats and stone sinkers. Indians of North-
west coast. Fort Simpson, B.C. J. G. Swan.
2231. Hand-seine. Anderson River Eskimo. Mackenzie’s River district,
H. B. T. RB. Kennicott.
7929, Fishing-net. Made from fibers of pineapple (Tillandsia sp.). Mira-
dor, Mex. Dr. Sartorius.
897, Fishing-net made of willow bark. Kootchin Indians. Mackenzie’s
River district, H. B. T. R. Kennicott.
4883. Net made of “silkweed.” Fort Crook Indians. Fort Crook, Cal.
Capt. J. W. T. Gardiner.

HOOP-NETS.

Handle, or dip nets.
Bull-nets (worked with ropes and blocks).
Scoop-nets (herring-nets, pound-scoops, car-scoops, &c.).

39482. Dip-net, frame and handles. U.S. Fish Commission.
25608. Bow of scoop-net. Used in dipping fish from smack’s well. J. M.

K. Southwick, Newport, R. I.
25165. Series of scoop-net hoops. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,
Conn.

39483. Dip-net. For scooping mackerel out of the seine and off the deck.
Alex. McCurdy, E. Gloucester, Mass.

25229, Folding dip-net frame. U.S. Fish Commission.

32682. Menhaden shovel-net frame. Gloucester. <A. Voss.

32681. Mackerel bow-net i a .

Landing-nets.
25492. Nason’s patent net-staff and ring. Flexible ring carried inside of
staff. C. F.Nason, patent August 31, 1875. Bradford & Anthony,
Boston, Mass.
25493. Nason’s patent solid net-staff, with flexible ring. C. F. Nason,
patent August 3, 1875. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 99

HOOP-NETS.

Landing-nets—Continued.

25639. Braided silk landing-net. Bradford & Anthony, Bostcu, Mass.
658. Dip-net. Used in the capture of the oulachan (Osmerus pacificus).

Northwest coast of America. G. Gibbs.

21725. Dip-net. Used by McCloud River Indians in fishing in small streams.
Shasta County, Cal. Livingston Stone.

39199. Short-handled landing-net for trout. U.S. Fish Commission. (C,
B. & M.)

39200. Landing net for trout and other fish. For use from a boat. U.S.
Fish Commission. (C.B. & M.)

39201. Landing-net, with folding ring and bamboo-tip case handle. U. §.
Fish Commission. (C.B. & M.)

Baited hoop-net :

Crab-nets.
26801. Crab-nets. American Net and Twine Company, Boston and New
York.
32710. Open cunner-net for Tautogolabrus. Gloucester, Mass. G. B. Goode.
32711. Folding cunner-net. sc cs
TRAILING-NETS.

Trawls:
Beam-trawl.
32720. Model of beam-trawl. Madeby J.G. Adam. U.S. Fish Commission.

Dredges:
Rake-dredge. 4
31792. Model of oyster-dredge and hoisting apparatus. Baltimore, C. S.

Belbin.
26140. Four brown dredge-nets for oyster-dredges, &c. American Net and
Twine Company, Boston and New York.

Towing-nets :
Surface tow-nets.

25228. Towing-net frame. U.S. Fish Commission.

FOLDING OR JERK NETS.

Purse-nets :
Mackerel and menhaden purse-seines.

39366. Purse-seine, 165 fathoms long, 10 fathoms or 500 meshes deep, 24
inch mesh. Made of No. 10 twine. George Merchant, Gloucester,
Mass. U.S. Fish Commission.

26120. Model of purse-seine. American Net and Twine Company, Boston,
Mass.

These purse-seines range in length from 120 to 220 fathoms, and from 500
to 1,000 meshes in depth, reaching the depth of 20 to 30 fathoms of water.
The average mesh is 24 inches. They are made of fine Sea-Island cotton
twine, and cost from $750 to $1,500 complete. About 300 are now in use on
the coast of North America, The pursing weight varies from 100 to 150
pounds.

100
FOLDING OR JERK NETS.

Purse-nets—Continued.

26122-26125. Model of purse-seine.
Boston, Mass.

32781. Model of purse seine. George Merchant, Gloucester, Mass.

25186. Ring or thimble for pursing-seine. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Mid-
dletown, Conn.

39489, Oil painting, ‘‘Throwing the seine for mackerel;” J. G. Ryder,
Boston, Mass.

Series of paintings, illustrating menhaden fishery, painted by J. G. ae,

Boston, Mass.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

American Net and Twine Compayn,

39490.
39491.
39492.
39493.
39494,

‘Looking for a school.”
“¢ Sighting a school.”
“The driver:?
‘«Pursing up.”

“ Bailing in.”
Cast-nets :
Mullet cast-nets.

Bait cast-nets.

25046. Casting-net.

more, Md.
26799, Mullet cast-net.
268 a Shrimp cast-net.

Diameter 44 feet. William E. Hooper & Sons, Balti-

Diameter 54 feet, 14-inch mesh.
Diameter 44 feet, ?-inch mesh.

19. PARTS OF NETS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURE.

Samples of netting hung to lines. William E. Hooper & Sons, Bal-

timore, Md.:

25048. 1-inch mesh, 12 thread, 1 fathom long, 2 feet deep

25047. 14 ae 12 SE gal cs 2 ee

205. 14 a 12 cuca a 2 ‘f
5050. 2 “ec 12 6 1 oe 2 ce

Netting-needles.

25596.

Eskimo netting-needles.

9839.
16202.

5613.
5614.
16170,

1180.
1315.
9839.

. Seine-needle.
2. Seine-needle (called hanging-needle).
. Knitting-gauge.

Seine-needle (home made). J. M. K. Southwick, Newport, R. I.

N. H. Payne, Wellfleet, Mass.
Used in regulating size of mesh. American Net
and Twine Company, Boston and New York.

Seine-needle.

Seine-needle.
Dall.

Seine-needle of wood. Yukon River. W. H. Dall.

Needle of bone. Norton Sound Eskimos. By

16169, 16166, 16167, 16168, 16171, 16196. Seine-needles of bone.
mut Eskimos. Nunivak Island. W. H. Dall.

Seine-needle of wood. Chirikaff. W. H. Dall.

Netting-needle. Eskimos. Smithsonian Institution.

Seine-needle of bone. Eskimos of Northeastern America.
Baird.

Eskimos. Northeastern America. S. F. Baird.

Magemut Eskimos, Nunivak Island, Alaska. W. H.

Mage-

8. F.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 101

VI. TRAPS.

20. PEN-TRAPS.

~POCKET-TRAPS.

Fish-slides :

Shad-slides, used in the rivers of North Carolina.

25830.

Fish-slide. Usedin James River, Virginia. Scale 1 inch to the foot.
J. G. Adam.

25831. Fish-slide (with box). Used in rivers of Virginia. Scale 1 inch to
the foot. J. G. Adam.
-LABYRINTH-TRAPS.

Weirs, or pounds.

12102.
12106.
25833.
26841.
25750.

24885.

Bar-weir. Used in Bay of Fundy herring fisheries. Scale, 1 inch to
15 feet. Capt. U.S. Treat, Eastport, Me.

Salmon-weir. Usen in rivers of Maine. Dennis River. Scale, 1
inch to 83 feet. Prof. S. F. Baird.

Model of heart-weir. American Net and Twine Company.

Model of heart-weir.

Model of pound-net. Used in Lake Michigan. Scale, 34 feet to 1
inch. Waukegan, Ill. D. D. Parmalee.

Model of weir, or heart-net. Used on southern coast of New Eng-
land. Scale, 1 inch to 8 feet. Spindel’s Cove, Wood’s Holl, Mass.
Prof. 8. F. Baird.

26731, 25751. Models of brush-weirs. Used in the Bay of Fundy in capture

25829.

25820.

39496.

of herring (Clupea harengus). W.B. McLaughlin, Grand Manan,
Ne Bs

Model of fish-weir. Used by aborigines of Virginia in the fifteenth
century. From figures in De Bry. J. G. Adam.

Model of fish-trap. Valley of Yukon River. Scale, 1 inch to the
foot. W.H. Dall.

Basket-weir, Yukon River, Alaska. L. M. Turner.

Funnel-traps.
Fish-pots.
1754. Wicker fish-pot (model). Used in West Indies. 5 to 15 fathoms,

Scale, 1 inch to the foot. H. O. Claughton, St. Martin’s, W. I.

39474. Wicker fish-pot. Used by the Indians of California. Prof. D. S.
Jordan.
Lobster-pots.
12100. Lobster-pot. Used in Bay of Fundy. 4 to 10 fathoms. Scale, %

24801.

29296.

inch to the foot. Prof. 8. F. Baird.

Lobster-pot. Used in Narragansett Bay, in 10 to 15 fathoms. . Scale,
3 inches to the foot. J. M. K. Southwick, Newport, R. I.

Model of Noank lobster-pot. G. L. Green, Noank, Conn.

26586-7-8-9. Models of lobster-pots. Used on the coast of New England.

29363.
32719.

Johnson & Young, Boston, Mass.
Model of lobster-pot. N. C. Smith, Stonington, Conn.
Lobster-pot bait-hook. Capt. Henry Webb.

102 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

LABYRINTH-TRAPS.

Eel-pots, without leaders.

——. Eel-pot. Used in Fisher’s Island Sound, Conn. Scale, one-half.
James H. Latham, Noank, Conn.

25015-16. Wicker eel pot, two funnels, with leaders. Used about Martha’s
Vineyard, in 35 to 10 fathoms. Capt. Josiah Cleveland, maker,
Vineyard Haven, Mass.

25014. Wicker eel-pot (three funnels). Used about Martha’s Vineyard.
Capt. Josiah Cleveland, maker, Vineyard Haven, Mass.

29530. Eel-pot net. Used on the coast of New Jersey. American Net and
Twine Company, Boston and New York.

Set-nets.
32733. Set-net. Diameter of largest hoop, 15 inches. U.S. Fish Commis-
sion.

Fykes (set-nets with leaders).
25045. Fyke-net. Diameter, 3 feet. Wm. E. Hooper & Sons, Baltimore, Md.
26113. Model of minnow-fyke. American Net and Twine Company, Boston
[and New York.

26114. Minnow-fyke. a rn
26117. Minnow-fyke. es :

Bass-traps.

25704. Bass-trap. Used in Peconic Bay and Fisher’s Island Sound. Scale,
+ inch to the foot. Charles T. Potter.

Vil. HUNTING-ANIMATS.

21. HUNTING-MAMMALS.

OTTERS. (See section I.)

VIL DECOYS AND DISGUISES.

22, BAITS.

NATURAL BAITS.

Flies and other insects. (This should include a collection of those
insects which, as the favorite food of fishes, are imitated in
making artificial flies.) Arranged with hooks. (See under 29 a.)

(Accessories.) Methods of preparing baits:

Bait-cutters. (See section IV.)

NATURAL BAITS.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 103

Bait-mills. (See section VI.)

Bait-ladles. (See under Scoops.)
Wheelbarrows for bait-clams (Nantucket).
32740. Beach-cart. Nantucket, Mass. W.H. Chase, 2d.

Bait-boxes and cans.
25560. Five bait-boxes. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.
42828. Osgood folding minnow and fish crate. U. S. Fish Commission. (C.
B. & M.)

The crate extended ready for use measures 24 inches long, 8 inches
wide, 8inches deep. The crate when folded is 12 inches long, 8 inches
wide, 2inches deep. Its weight is 1} pounds. Every angler knows the
difficulty of keeping minnows alive, and the frequent failure of all ordi-
nary means for preserving them. It is claimed that the crate meets this
want. Floating beside or behind a boat its drag is scarcely perceptible.
It occupies so little depth that danger from fastening on logs, &c., is
almost entirely obviated. When folded, it occupies so little space that
one could easily carry it under his buttoned coat during a walking excur-
sion. Another feature that highly recommends this crate is the ease with
which the bait is secured when a fresh minnow is required. No lifting is
necessary. By simply tipping up the bow, the lower half, or stern, is sub-
merged, leaving the door clear above the water and convenient to the
hand.

ARTIFICIAL BAITS.!

Trolling-spoons.!
Spinners.!
Squids and jigs.!
‘‘ Bobs,” used in Southern waters.!
Artificial flies.!
Accessories to artificial baits.’
a. Fly-hooks.
b. Raw materials for making artificial flies.?

23. DECOYS.
SIGHT-DECOYS.

Imitations of fishes.
29366. Lure-fish. D. H. Fitzhugh, Bay City, Mich. Used in fishing through
the ice for salmon-trout.
29294. Lure-fishes. William Morris, Lake City, Mich. Used in fishing
through the ice for pickerel.
These lure-fishes are used to decoy large fish under holes in the ice
so that they may be within reach of the spear.

‘Arranged with hooks.

104 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

SIGHT-DECOYS.

Lanterns and other apparatus for fire hunting and fishing.

42843. Fishing-jack, dash and camp lamp combined; with head, pole, and
dash attachments. Burns signal, sperm or lard and kerosene mixed.
Manufactured and patented by Albert Ferguson, New York. U.S.
Fish Commission. (C.B. & M.)

Lanterns and torches for weequashing, or fire-fishing for eels, her-
ring, &e.
29365. Boat-lanterns. Used in bow of boat in weequashing or spearing
eels by night. Southern New England, James H. Latham, Noank,
Conn.
12107. Birch-bark used for torchlight fishing. Passamaquoddy Indians.
Eastport, Me. Dr. E. Palmer.
Oil painting by J. 8. Ryder, Boston, Mass. ‘‘ Fire-fishing for her-
ring in Provincetown Harbor.” U.S. Fish Commission.

IX. PURSUIT; ITS METHODS AND APPLIANCES.

24, METHODS OF TRANSPORTATION.
BOATS.

Bireh-bark canoes.

Used by Indians in hunting and fishing.
26615. Canoe with two Indians fishing. Northern United States. U.S. Na-
tional Museum.

Wooden sea canoes.
Used by Indians of northwest coast in hunting and fishing.
1785. Wooden canoe. (Model.) Northwest coast. Dr. George Suckley.

Wooden canoes.
Used by Indians of the northwest coast in whaling and sea fisheries.
21594. Wooden canoe. (Model.) Alaska. Dr. J. B. White.
16269. Wooden canoe. (Model, painted.) Ihliuket Tribe. Sitka, Alaska.
W. H. Dall.
640. Wooden canoe. (Model.) Northwest coast. George Gibbs.

Kyaks or bidarkas.
Used by Eskimos of Arctic America in hunting and fishing.

26617. Kyak. (13 feet 9 inches long, 30 inches wide.) Northwest coast,
Sitka, Alaska. William Burling. ;

16275. Kyak. (Model.) Kodiak.

21605. Kyak. (Model, 3-hole.) Alaska. Dr. J. B. White.

14750. Kyak. (Model, with bird-spear, harpoon, and seal-skin float.) Es
kimos, Tusiack, North Greenland. Prof. S. F. Baird.

Umiaks or bidarras.
Used by Eskimos in whaling and sea fisheries. ,
1098. Umiak. (Model.) Fort Anderson, H. B. T. Robert MacFarlane.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 105
BOATS.

Dug-out canoes

Used by Indians of Pacific coast.

21358. Dug-out canoe. (Model.) Hoopah Indians, Trinity River, Cal. 8S.
Powers.

Used in river fisheries of the Southern States.

25728. Dug-out canoe. (Model; scale, inch to foot.) Saint John’s River,
Florida. Francis C. Goode.

Portable boats.

29506. Hegeman portable folding boat. Length, 10 feet; width, 3 feet.
Hegeman Portable Folding Boat Company, Ballston Spa, N. Y.
Directions for setting up boat:

1. Unfold the frame. 2. Place the knees and seats in position before
fastening the bottom-end section at the ends of the boat. 3. Fasten
the bottom-end section to the ends of the boat by the thumb-screws.
4. Place on the canvas with the cords and tie in a single loop (or bow
knot).

; 39339, Bond’s improved sectional boat. Maj. T. B. Ferguson, U. S. Fish
Commission.

39486. Shattuck portable boat.

22218. Model of Colvin portable canvas boat. (Patented Oct. 6, 1874.)
R. A. Scott & Co., Albany, N. Y.

‘This boat consists of a canvas exterior made thoroughly water-proof
by a preparation which preserves the strength of the canvas and prevents
decay and oxidation. It is shaped like a canoe, sharp at both ends,
and cuts the water handsomely. Along the sides and bottoi are leather
thongs, by which the boughs and limbs eut for frame can be lashed
securely to the canvas, with the assistance of the four leather framing
blocks or sockets (two for each end), which connect the stem and stern
posts (or prow pieces) with the keelson, and it can be readily put to-
gether anywhere in the woods, no tools being required for the purpose,
excepting an ax or hatchet. The whole of it can be packed away in a
space 24 inches long, 6 inches wide, and 3 inches thick. The size now
made (No. 3), although but 12 feet long, will carry six men, or four men
with their necessary baggage, and weighs but 12 pounds when rolled up.
It has been tested in a heavy sea with a frame of green boughs cut only
two hours before, and carried a weight of 700 pounds safely and easily.”

25879-26-112. Model of Fenner’s portable boat. With canvas bottom.
C. A. Fenner, - ystic River, Connecticut.
One of these models is shown closed up in its case ready for transporta-
tion, the other set up for use.
42841. Osgood’s portable folding canvas boat. Manufactured by Osgood &
Chapin, Battle Creek, Michigan.

The following sizes are manufactured:

Length. Width. Depth. Weight. Length of oars. Price.
12 feet. 33 in, 12 in. 45 Ibs. 64 feet. $35 00
15 feet. 36 in. 13 in. 70 Ibs. 64 feet. 45 00

Size of chest.—For 12-foot boat: 38-in. long, 17 in. wide, 18 m. deep.
For 15-foot boat: 40-in. long, 20 in. wide, 22 in. deep.

106 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

BOATS.

Portable boats—Continued.

The 12-foot boat is designed for two men; will carry 600 pounds, and
draw 4 inches of water. The 15-foot boat is designed for four men. Is
rigged with two pair of oars, will carry 850 pounds, and draw 4 inches of
water.

The jointed stretcher is used in place of the sectional bottom-board,
with two side-boards, one each side of stretcher. The boat set up this
way only weighs 20 pounds, and makes a very convenient boat for trout-
fishing, duck-hunting, or exploring in ponds or streams where the paddle
will do as wellas the oars. A box of water-proofing fluid, with directions,
sent with each box.

The canvas is woven to order for this special use, and is stronger than
the usnal thickness of birch bark or cedar canoes. The water-proofing
leaves the canvas soft, preserves the fiber, prevents mildew, and renders
it impervious to water. The ribs are red elm, the bottom-board and oars
basswood, which is filled with patent wood filling, preventing the water
from penetrating the wood. The rowlocks and square staples are of
malleable iron.

You can propel the boat rapidly ; it is very staunch; will not tip over
by rocking or climbing into it from bathing; and can be made ready for
the water in two minutes, and requires no tools or ingenuity to set it up.

42842, Oars.

Canoes.
32780. “Shadow canoe,” with sails, for cruising, fishing, or hunting.
Manufactured by James Everson, boat builder, 489 First street,
Brooklyn, E. D., N. Y. :

Coracles or skin boats.

9785. Skin boat. Hidatza (Gros Ventres) Indians. Fort Buford, Dakota,
Dr. W. Matthews, U.S. A.

Whale-boat (used in whale fisheries).
24868. Whale-boat. (Model.) C. H. Shute & Son, Edgartown, Mass.

Seine-boat.

25826-7. Model of Cape Ann seine-boat. Higgius & Gifford, Gloucester.
This model shows the fittings manufactured for seine-boats by Wilcox,
Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn., to wit: cleat, stern-cap, snatch-
block for pursing-seine, steering-oarlock with stern socket, socket used
on side of stern for steering, davit-iron, tow-iron, tow-Jink and hook, be-
laying-pin, oar-holder, davit-guard and step-plate, breast-brace and eye-
plate or oar-holder swivels, all of which are shown in their proper places
by full-size articles.
39441. Model of Cape Ann seine-bort. (Scale 4 inch to the foot.) Higgins
& Gifford, Gloucester, Mass.
This is the same as the preceeding with exception of the seine.

Dories, sharpies, and dingeys.
25657. Model of Nantucket dory. (Scale, 1 inch to the foot.) W. H.
Chase.
Used in gathering clams for codfish-bait.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 107

BOATS.

Dories, sharpies, and dingeys—Continued.
12678. New England dory. (Model; scale, 1 inch to the foot.) Starling
& Stevens, Ferryville, Me.
13493. New England dory. (Model; scale, 1 inch to the foot.) Starling
& Stevens, Ferryville, Me.
Used in coast fisheries and Bank cod fisheries.
24752. Connecticut sharpy. (Scale, 1 inch to the foot.) Capt. H. C. Chester
Noank, Conn.
39367. Dory. Twelve and one-half feet long.
Length, 12 feet 6 inches on bottom; 16 feet 6 inches on top.
Width, 29 inches on bottom; 4 feet 6 inches on top.
Depth, 194 inches amidships; 274 inches forward and aft.
Pine wood for planking and bottom. Oak timbers, gunwales, stem and

stern.

One thwart, three parting or kid boards.

This size is used principally by the fishermen on the south side of Cape
Cod. The custom is to buy the dories for the vessels to fish on Nantucket
and Chatham Shoals and off Block Island. After using them one season
they usually sell them to be used by shore fishermen.

Rigged for hand-lining on the Banks, the equipment is as follows:

1.

2.

Painter, 53 fathoms long, 12-inch manila rope, leathered in the
stem, thimble seized in.

Stern becket, 3 feet of 1#-inch rope, knotted on ends, leathered
in holes and served for 20 inches in the middle with white
spun yarn.

. Stern painter, 24 fathoms buoy-line made fast to stern becket.

Anchor, 16 pounds; ring and part of stock served with spun
yarn.

. Anchor-line, 20 fathoms buoy-line bent to crown of anchor and

secured to the ring by a small string.

Cleat, 4 inches long, inside of stem, for anchor-line.

One pair 8-foot ash oars, served in rowlocks with strand of buoy-
line.

One and one-half pairs woolen nippers.

Two hand-lines on reels, with gear attached, each 25 fathoms
long ; leads, 3 pounds.

Bait-bucket (common water-bucket with cover),

. Bait-beard, 6 inches wide, across the dory (same as thwart)..
. Dinner-box (common half-peck round box).

. Spare hooks.

. Two squid-lines (mackerel Jines) on reels with jigs attached.
. Two bird-lines a i a =) chooka)“

. Gaff, on wooden handle, 24 feet long.

. Bait-knife, 6-inch pointed blade.

. Six thole-pins on strings.

. Shark-lance, iron, 3 feet long, pole 5 feet, $1.40.

. Half-gallon water-jug:

. Dory plug, with line attached.

>

. Wooden bailing scoop.
23.
24.

Gob-stick, 2 feet long, for unhooking fish.
Fishing cleats, 1 foot long, one on each side of dory, amidships,

39368. Dory. Thirteen feet long.
Length, 13 feet on bottom, 17 feet on top.
Width, 30 inches on bottom, 4 feet 7 inches on top.

.

108 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

BOATS.

Dories, sharpies, and dingeys—Continued.
Depth, 20 inches amidships, 28 inches forward and aft.
Pine wood for planking and bottom.
Oak timbers, gunwales, stem and stern.
Two thwarts, three parting or “kid” boards.
This size is quite extensively used in Gloucester. They are used to the

greatest

extent by vessels for winter codtishing (fresh-fishing, so-called).

They are also used in quite large numbers from Provincetown, Beverly,
Swampscott, Portsmouth, Newburyport, and fishing ports in the State of
Maine, both for shore and Bank fishing.

Rigged for shore trawling and handling, the equipment is as follows:

ie

ote 9

canon

IE
12.
13.
14

16.
17
18.
19:
20.

eo
Or

ww
oO

oY

28.

Painter, 5} fathoms 1?-inch manila rope, leathered in stem (no
thimble).

. Small cleet, 4 inches long, on inside of stem for anchor-line.

Tall single score traw1]-roller.

One pair woolen nippers with lines.

Pieces of leather on forward ends of dory ribband-streaks, to
prevent trawl catching in ribbands.

Hole in forward thwart and step in bottom of dory for mast.

Mast 11 feet long; sprit 11 feet long.

One pair 8 feet ash oars, covered with leather in rowlocks.

Two hand-lines on reels, with gear attached; leads 24 and
3 pounds,

One-half dozen thole-pins; leather beckets for thole-pins on in-
side of dory just below the holes.

Gaff, with wooden handle 3 feet long.

Half-gallon water-jug.

Dinner-firkin, with spare hooks. .

Bait-board across the dory aft of middle thwart.

. Wooden scoop, for bailing.

Bait-knife, 5}-inch pointed blade.

Bait-bucket (common water-pail).

Dory-plug, with line attached.

Small thimbles attached to gunwale aft, for sail-sheets.

Tub of trawl: Ground line, 1,755 feet of 14-pound tarred cotton
line; 500 No. 15 hooks, 34 feet apart on ground-line; gangings
2 feet long, of white cotton line (30-thread) ; trawl put in half
a flour-barrel, with holes in bottom and sides; beckets and
lashings spliced in.

Buoy-line 42 fathoms long, used for anchor-line when hand-
lining, and on trawl for trawling.

. Buoy-line 20 fathoms long attached to trawl-buoy.

Two 10-pound anchors, ring and part of stock served with spun
yarn, strap bent into ring; used for trawl when trawling; one
used for anchor when hand-lining.

:
. Two mackerel-kits, painted and marked, for trawl-buoys, rigged

with staff and swivels.

. Black ball on gourd-stick for buoy.
. Fishing cleats, 1 foot long, amidships on each side of dory.

Wooden button on starboard side and iron pin on port side of
forward thwart, to prevent thwart from rising while the dory
is under sail.

Sail, 11 feet on foot, 9 feet hoist. 5 feet head.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 109

BOATS.

Dories, sharpies, and dingeys—Continued.
29. Under-running stick, 15 inches long.
30. Gob-stick, 24 feet long.
39369. Dory. Fourteen feet long.

Length, 14 feet on bottom, 18 feet on top.

Width, 32 inches on bottom, 4 feet 10 inches on top.

Depth, 20 inches amidships, 28 inches forward and aft.

Pine wood for planking and bottom.

Oak timbers for gunwales, stem and stern.

Three thwarts, no parting boards.

This size is not used to any great extent, principally by mackerel seiners,
and are designed to row fast in order to keep company with the seine-
boat when rowing after schools of mackerel.

Rigged for use in mackerel seining, the equipment is as follows:

1. Painter, 5 fathoms of 2-inch manila rope, leathered in stem, thim-
ble seized in.
2. Stern-becket 3 feet long of 2-inch rope, knotted on ends, served
for,2 feet in the middle with manila spun yarn.
. Two pairs 9-foot ash oars.
. Wooden scoop for bailing,
. Knife, 54-inch pointed blade.
. Eight thole pins, in leather beckets on inside of dory.
. Four lines, each 23 feet long, through holes in ribbon on star-
board side of dory, used to fasten to the seine.
8. One buoy line forward and one aft, each four feet long, to fasten
to the seine.
39370. Dory. Fourteen and one-half feet long.

Length, 14 feet 6 inches on bottom, 18 feet 10 inches on top.

Width, 36 inches on bottom, 5 feet 6 inches on top.

Depth, 22 inches amidships, 31 inches forward and aft.

Pine wood for planking and bottom.

Oak timbers, gunwales, stem and stern.

Three thwarts, three parting or ‘‘kid” boards.

Are used to a great extent by Gloucester and Boston haddock catchers.
The style called haddock dory is built strong, and more adapted to carry
large loads than for speed. They are built wider and deeper than the
fifteen feet bank-dory. They are used almost exclusively for winter fish-
ing, catching haddock, and after picking fish from trawls and loading
dory, the vessel goes to the dory, consequently speed and rowing give
place to carrying and sea-going qualities.

Rigged for haddock fishing, the equipment is as follows:

1. Painter, 5 fathoms of 2-inch manila rope, leathered in stem,
thimble seized in.
. Stern-becket, 3 feet of 2-inch rope, leathered in holes, served for 2
feet in middle with white spun yarn, knots on ends.
. Rubber boot-heel bumper on stem.
. Three-score lignum vit patent trawl roller.
. Two pairs woolen nippers, with lines.
Dory knife, 54-inch, pointed blade.
. Gob-stick, 2 feet long.
. Gaff on wooden handle, 24 feet long.
Wooden scoop for bailing.
. Two dozen thole pins on strings.

“tO Pm Ww

ch)

GO st on & OO

Se

110
BOATS.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Dories, sharpies, and dingeys—Continued.

ne
12.
113};
15.
16.

17.
18.

19.

20.

21.

22.
23.

Four thwart-lashings of buoy line, 3 feet long.

Two pairs of 9-foot ash oars, zinked in rowlocks.

Dory plug, with bucket and line attached.

Stern-painter (3 fathoms) buoy-line, made fast to stern-becket.
Tub of trawl:

Ground line, 1,755 feet of 14-pound tarred cotton line; 500 No.
15 hooks, 34 feet apart on ground line; gangings 2 feet long,
of white cotton twine (30 threads); the trawl in a half flour
barrel, with holes in bottom and sides, beckets and lashings
spliced in.

Three buoy lines, each 25 fathoms long (one for middle buoy).

One anchor, 12-pound, ring and part of stock served with spun
yarn; strap bent into ring.

One killick, 10 pounds, served in eye with spun yarn; strap bent
into eye.

One quarter-barrel buoy (painted), with black ball, rigged with
swivels and staff.

One painted quarter barrel for middle buoy; slung; no staff;
swivels; buoy line wound around.

One painted kit for buoy with staff, swivel, and black ball.

Strips of leather on forward end of dory ribband streaks.

39371. Dory. Fifteen feet long.

Length, 15 feet on bottom, 19 feet on top.

Width, 35 inches on bottom, 5 feet 3 inches on top.
Depth, 21 inches amidships, 30 inches forward and aft.
Pine wood for planking and bottom.

Oak timbers for gunwales, stem, and stern.

Three thwarts, three parting or kid boards.

The Bank dory, so called, is used to a greater extent than any other by
Bank fishermen and fresh halibut catchers, and is not as wide or deep as
the fourteen and one-half foot haddock dory, is built more for rowing than
the fourteen and one-half foot dory, for in this fishing the vessels anchor
and the dories have to be rowed with a load in, oftentimes for miles.

Rigged for fresh halibut fishing, the equipment is as follows:

if

aS Ole

~J

9

ve

10.
HIE
12.

Painter, 5 fathoms, of 2-inch manila rope, leathered in stem,
thimble seized in 15 inches from stem.

2. Stern becket, 3 feet of 2-inch rope, knotted on ends, leathered in

holes, served for 2 feet in middle with white manila spun-yarn.

. Two pairs woolen nippers with lines.

. Patent “ hurdy-gurdy ” or trawl] windlass.

. Patent trawl-roller, large size, single score, line attached.

}. Leather on forward end of dory, ribband streaks, to prevent

trawl] from catching.

. Mast-hole in forward thwart and step in bottom of dory for mast.
. Wooden button on starboard side and iron pin on port side of for

ward thwart to prevent thwart from rising while the dory is
under sail.

Mast, 15 feet long.

Sprit,

Sail. 14 feet on foot, 6 feet on head, 13 feet hoist.

Brass dory compass.

ua ~
if
ir

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 111
BOATS.

Dories, sharpies, and dingeys—Continued.

13. Canvas compass-pocket on port side of dory aft of forward
thwart.

14. Gallon water-jug.

15. 14 dozen thole-pins on strings.

16. Two pairs 9-foot ash oars, served with buoy-line in rowlocks.

17. Four thwart lashings of buoy-line, each 3 feet long.

18. Iron dory gaff.

19. Dory knife, 10-inch, pointed blade.

20. Two wooden halibut-killers (ash clubs 24 feet long).

21. Wooden scoop for bailing.

22. Large wood and zine scoop for bailing (such as the fishermen
make).

23. Stern painter, 3 fathoms buoy-line, made fast to stern beckets.

24. Life-line on bottom of dory, fastened to three small staples,
beckets or loops spliced in.

25. Dory-plug, with becket and line attached.

26. Skate of trawl.

Ground-line made of 15 lines, 25 fathoms each = 2,250 feet
32-pound tarred cotton line; 150 No. 6283 ‘ Kirby” halibut
hooks 15 feet apart on ground-line; gangings 5 feet long, of
14-pound tarred cotton line. The trawl is becketed with lob-
ster twine for bending the gangings, long-eye splices in ends of
trawl, canvas skate for trawl.

27. Two 16-pound trawl anchors, ring and part of stock served with
spun yarn, strap bent into the ring.

28. One hard-wood iron-bound trawl buoy painted, with staff and
swivel, gourd-stick and black ball.

29. One soft-wood half barrel, painted, with staff, swivel, and flag.

30. Two buoy-lines, each 50 fathoms long.

31. Two small thimbles attached to gunwale aft for sail sheets.

32. Rubber boot-heel bumper on stem.

33. Scrub-broom for halibut, with hoisting straps.

39372. Dory. Fifteen and one-half feet long.

Length, 15 feet 6 inches on bottom; 19 feet 8 inches on top.

Width, 35 inches on bottom; 5 feet 5 inches on top.

Depth, 22 inches amidships; 31 inches forward and aft.

Pine wood for planking and bottom. Oak timbers, gunwales, stem and
stern. Three thwarts, three parting or “kid” boards.

This size is not used to any great extent by American fishermen, but
large numbers are shipped annually to the French at St. Pierre, Miquelon.
This dory is built about the same depth and width as the haddock dory,
and very strong, with six, and sometimes seven, pairs of timbers, with a
wide band or ribband on the outside to protect the top of the dory. The
gunwales, timbers, stern, and about all other material in this style of dory
are larger than are usually put in American dories. The French boats
used by their vessels formerly are being fast superseded by the American
dory.

The equipment of a dory, rigged for Bank cod trawling, is as fol-

lows:
1. Painter 5 fathoms of 2-inch manila rope, served with white
marline in stem, thimble seized in.

112
BOATS.

at

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Dories, sharpies, and dingeys—Continued.

2

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embed et pe te
NP WWeE SO Ms

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a

22.
23.

24.
25.

Stern becket, 3 feet of 2-inch rope, knots on ends, served in
holes with rope yarn, served for 2-feet in middle with spun
yarn.

. Stern painter, 3 fathoms of buoy-line.
. Two pairs of 9-foot ash oars. (One pair second-hand, served

with buoy-line in rowlocks, and one pair without service).

. Wooden scoop for bailing.

Gob-stick 2 feet long.
Gaff in wooden handle 24 feet long.

. Single-score trawl roller.

. Two pairs woolen nippers, with lines.

. Plug with becket and line.

. Four thwart lashings, each 3 feet long, of buoy-line.
. Rubber boot-heel bumper on stem.

. Leather on forward ends of dory ribband streaks.

. Dory knife, 54-inch pointed blade.

. Two bird-lines on reels, with hooks attached.

. Under-running stick 15 inches long.

17.
. Gallon water jug.
. Tub of trawl.

Brass dory compass in wooden box.

Ground-line of 114 lines 25 fathoms each, 18-pound tarred cotton
line, 300 No. 14 cod-hooks (center draft eyed), 5% feet apart, on
ground line, gangings 3 feet long, of 6-pound tarred cotton line.

. One hard-wood iron-bound buoy (painted), rigged with staff,

swivels, and black ball.

. One soft-wood quarter-barrel (painted) for buoy, rigged with

staff, swivels, and small flag.

Two buoy-lines 25 fathoms each.

Two 16-pound anchors, sewed in ring and part of stock with
spun yarn and strap bent into ring.

14 dozen thole-pins on strings.

Patent trawl grapnel.

It may be said in addition that there are quite a number of other
styles of dories, but these are of local use ;.as, for instance, the round-
sided bilge dory used by the fishermen at Rockport, Pigeon Cove, Lanes-
ville, and all around the cape; built principally for sailing qualities, and

also for

carrying capacity. They are decked over forward, with wash-

boards, so-called, at the side, and are used for winter and summer fishing,
from the shores of the above-named places.

Italian fishing- boats.
Used in harbor fisheries of California.
22213. Italian fishing-boat. (Model; felucca rig.) San Francisco. Liv-

[ingston Stone,

22214. Italian fishing-boat. (Model; felucca rig.) ce i
22215. Italian fishing-boat. (Model; felucea rig.) ms ‘3
22217. Italian fishing-boat. (Model.) Chinese fishing-boat. San Fran-

cisco. Livingston Stone.

Pinkies.

25898, Noman’s Land pinkie-boat. (Model; scale, inch to the foot.) Capt.
William Cleveland, Vineyard Haven, Mass.

Used in cod and coast fisheries,

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 113

BOATS.

*Hunting-skifts.

Used for hunting and fishing in mountain lakes,
25681. Adirondack boat. (Model; scale, $ inch to the foot.) Frederick D.
Graves, maker, Boston, Mass.
Dimensions; 15 feet long, 3 feet 6 inches wide; weight, 75 to 80 pounds.
For the use of sportsmen this boat is claimed to excel, on account of its
extreme lightness and durability, one man being able by means of a yoke to
carry the same to any distance without fatigue. This boat is also adapted
for family purposes, the patent rowlock enabling the most inexperienced
rower of either sex to propel the boat with ease and perfect safety, and
without any possible chance of losing the oars.
25899. Ausable boat. (Model.) D. L. Fitzhugh, jr., Bay City, Mich.
Used in trout and grayling fishing, with well for live fish.
Length, 16 feet; sides 12 inches high inside, 2 feet 10 inches
wide on top, 2 feet 4 inches at bottom.
26624. Saint Lawrence boat. Henry Sweetman, Clayton, N. Y.
Used in trolling in the Thousand Island region. Length, 19 feet;
width, 43 inches.
25053. Alexandria Bay boat. (Model. ) Cornwall & Walton, Alexandria, N. Y.
Used for hunting and fishing in the Adirondacks and the Saint
Lawrence.

Sea boats.

24999. New England surf-boat. (Model; scale, 2 inches to the foot.) Cra-
gin & Sheldon, makers, Boston, Mass.
Used in harbor, lake, and river fisheries.
25001. Whitehall boat (18 feet). (Model; scale, 2 inches to the foot.) Cra-
gin & Sheldon, Boston, Mass.
25000. Ship’s yawl. (Model; scale, 2 inches to the foot.) Cragin & Shel-
don, Boston, Mass.
Carried by coasters and fishing smacks.
22216. San Francisco yawl. (Model.) Livingston Stone.
Used by Italian fishermen on coast of California.
25028. Nantucket harbor boat. (Model; scale, 1 inch to the foot.) W. HL
Chase.
Used in harbor fishing.

Oyster-canoes.

42758. Chesapeake oyster-pungy. (Model.) Major T. B. Ferguson.

25003. Chesapeake oyster-canoe (made from two logs). (Model; scale, 1
inch to the foot.) Major T. B. Ferguson, Maryland Fish Com-
mission.

Used for oyster-raking in Chesapeake Bay.

39151. (Model.) Chesapeake oyster-canoe.

25002. Chesapeake canoe-pungy. (Model; scale, 1 inch to the foot.) Major
T. B. Ferguson, Maryland Fish Commission.

Used in oyster-dredging in Chesapeake Bay.

42757. Chesapeake canoe-pungy. (Model.) Major T. B. Ferguson, Mary-
land Fish Commission.

39336. Photograph. ‘ View of Pratt St. Wharf, Baltimore, showing fleet
of oyster boats.” R. H. Edmonds, Baltimore, Md.

8F

114 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.
BOATS.

Ducking-boats.
25658. Ege Harbor boat. (Model; scale, 1 inch to the foot. P. Brasher,
New York City.
Used for hunting in marshes and bays.
26623. New Jersey sneak-box. (Model; scale, 1 inch to the foot.) John D.
Gifford, Tuckerton, N. J.

These boats are from twelve to fourteen feet in length; the shelving or
sideboards on the stern of the boat are used to hold the decoys while the
hunter rows to and from the shooting ground. Used by gunners on Bar-
negat and Little Egg Harbor Bays, New Jersey.

Cat-rigged fishing-boats.
12099. Bay of Fundy cat-boat. (Model; scale, + inch to the foot.) Captain
Hallet, Eastport, Me.
Used in herring fisheries.
25026. Martha’s Vineyard cat-boat. (Model; scale, 4 inch to the foot.)
William H. Chase.
Used in coast fisheries,
29537. Providence River cat-boat. (Model.) J. M. K. Southwick, New-
port, R. I.
These boats vary in length from 14 to 19} feet, and cost from $225 to
$425. Used in lobster fisheries and hook and line fisheries. Built by J.
U. Stoddard.

26585. Two-masted cat-boat. (Model; scale, about $ inch to the foot.)

Johnson & Young, Boston, Mass.
Used in New England lobster fisheries.

39314, Grand Bank cod-fishing schooner ‘ Mayor Rogers.” (Model 43 inches |

long.) U.S. Fish Commission.
Sails set, as on a passage to the Banks.

Schooner-rigged fishing-vessels.
39197. Gloucester George’s Bank fishing schooner. (Model.) (S. Elwell.)
U. 8. Fish Commission.
26809. Noank lobster-boat. (Model.) Capt. H.C. Chester, Noank, Conn.

25825. Block Island boat. (Model; scale, + inch to the foot.) Capt. H. C.

Chester.
Used in cod fisheries and shore fisheries.
25730. Massachusetts schooner-smack. (Model; scale, 4 inch to the foot.)
William H. Chase, Boston, Mass.
Used in mackerel fisheries and winter oyster trade.
25731. Maine schooner-smack. (Model; scale + inch to the foot.) Capt.
H. C. Chester.
: Used in Bank cod fisheries and Eastern mackerel fisheries.
26536. Oyster-schooner. (Model; scale, 1 inch to the foot.) T. B. Ferguson,
Maryland Fish Commission.
Used in oyster-dredging in Chesapeake Bay.
26584. Schooner-smack. (Model; scale, about 4 inch to the foot.) Johnson
& Young, Boston, Mass.
Employed in the New England lobster fisheries.
29727. Noank well-smack. (Model; scale, + inch to the foot.) H. C. Ches-
ter, Noank, Conn.
Supplies fresh fish to local markets and New York iced-fish trade,

a .
’

BOATS.

Schooner-rigged fishing-vessels—Continued.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 115

22220. Gloucester schooner, style 1835. (Model.) M. M.McKadyn. First
form of sharp-bowed schooner, out of which the present Glouces-
ter schooner was developed.

¥9337. Gloucester mackerel schooner ‘‘ Mary Odell.” Lent by J. O. Proc-
ter, Gloucester, Mass. /

59489, Model of mackerel schooner “ William M. Gaffney” of Gloucester.
John Bishop, Gloucester, Mass.

Ships.

24881. Whaling-barque. (Model; scale, inch to the foot.) U.S. Fish Com-
mission.
Used in northern whale fisheries.

Boats of Great Lakes.
26790. Lake Erie pound boat. (Model.) J. W. Milner.

Steamers.

25824. Menhaden steamer with seine-boats. (Model.) Joseph Lawler,
Bristol, Me.

39238. Photographs of menhaden steamers ‘‘ Dayid H. Wilson.’”’ Built in
1875, by the Portland Company.

39239. ‘‘ William Floyd.” Built in 1877 by the Portland Company.

39240. ‘George W. Beale,” Built in 1879, by the Portland Company.

39241. “Portland.” Built in 1879, by the Portland Company.

25027. Gill-net steamer. (Model; scale 1 inch to 5 feet 5 inches. )
Used in Lake Michigan fisheries.

.

APPARATUS ACCESSORY TO RIGGING FISHING-VESSELS.

Blocks.

25821. Three single iron-sheaved, plain-hook tackle blocks. Walter Cole-
man & Sons, Providence, R. I.

25820. Two double iron-sheaved, plain-hook tackle blocks. Walter Cole-
man & Sons, Providence, R. I.

25804. ‘‘ Heart” block. Used to secure the standing or fixed rigging to the
hull of the vessel. Walter Coleman & Sons, Providence, R. I.

25805. ‘‘Bull’s-eye” block. Used to secure the standing or fixed rigging to
the hull of the vessel. Walter Coleman & Sons, Providence, R. I.

25819. One single brass-sheaved, sister-hook tackle block. Walter Coleman
& Sons, Providence, R. I.

25152. Series of boat-blocks. Used on small fishing-boats around Cape Cod
and Newport. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

29444, Improved swivel-hook. For blocks and general use. Daniel Walker,
Providence, KR. I.

Clews and hanks.
25139. Ship’s clew for courses. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,

[Conn.
25140. Earing-ring. a J
25141. Throat-ring. ai us

25135. Series of spectacle or fore-and-aft clews. With patent clew-thim-
bles. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

116

APPARATUS ACCESSORY TO RIGGING FISHING-VESSELS.

Sere To

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Clews and hanks—Continued.

25136. Improved heart-clew. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25142. Tack-ring. oe us

25137. Series of topsail clew-bows. es =

25138. Series of clew-bars. ae ee

29475. Clement’s patent self-adjusting jib-hank. Wilcox, Crittenden &
Co., Middletown, Conn. .

25143. Jib-head, with patent clew-thimble, used where the jib has been
stretched too much; the jib is shortened at the head; and the jib-
head is attached to the sail. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middle-
town, Conn.

25803. Jib-hank. Goes on jib-stay to hold the sail to it. Walter Coleman
& Sons, Providence, R. I.

25777. Wooden jib-hank. Samuel Elwell, jr., Gloucester, Mass.

25156. Series of single-stay jib-hanks. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middle-

[town, Conn.

25157. Series of double-stay jib-hanks. ne ; “

25215. Self-adjusting jib-hank for double stay. Clement’s patent. Wilcox,
Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25214. Patent self-adjusting jib-hank. Clement’s patent. Wilcox, Crit-
tenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

29460. Jib-sheet block (peculiar to Gloucester fishing-vessels). Samuel
Elwell, jr., Gloucester, Mass.

25158. Pratt’s patent jib-hank or yacht-jib. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co.,

[ Middletown, Conn.

25207. Hook-and-eye for bonnet of jib. ‘ af

29446. Lizard. Used in connection with the luff of a sail and the mast

[hoops and hoisting line.
29447. Ditto. s a
Chocks.

29468. Line-chock for whale-boat. Provincetown style. William W. Smith,
Provincetown, Mass.

25180. Line-chock for whale-boat. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,

r {Conn.

25216. Bow-chocks. a i

25195. Boat-chocks. . Be

25192. Ditto. e ‘

29420. Line rollers. Used on whale-boats in place of line-chock. Wm. W.
Smith, Provincetown, Mass.

Boat-hooks.

25926. Whaler’s large-ring boat-hook. E. B. & T. Macy, New Bedford,
Mass.

25614. Whale-boat boat-hook (peculiar to New Bedford). Humphrey S.
Kirby, New Bedford, Mass.

25196. Series of wrought-iron boat-hooks. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Mid-

[dletown, Conn.

25200. Boat-hook for gunboat. soon TEE a

25197. Double Navy boat-hooks with ball points. Wilcox, Crittenden &

[Co., Middletown, Conn.
25198. Series of Navy boat-hooks with ball points. zs a
25199. Series of sharp-pointed boat-hooks. ee a

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. ite

APPARATUS ACCESSORY TO RIGGING FISHING-VESSELS.

Belaying-pins.

25161.

25169.

25766.

Series of belaying-pins. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,
[ Conn.

Belaying-pin for Cape Ann seine-boat. ‘ oe

Two belaying-pins. Samuel Elwell, jr., Gloucester, Mass.

Riggers’ hooks.

25194.

25195.

25145.

29452.

Deck or hammock hook. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,
Conn.

. Sister hooks and thimbles. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,

Conn.

Hammock-hook. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

Wide-mouthed single-hooks, or Cape Ann bonnet-hooks. Wilcox,
Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

Bonnet-hook-and-eye, for removing the jib. Wilcox, Crittenden &
Co., Middletown, Conn.

25155. Series of hooks and thimbles. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middle-
town, Conn.

25943. Purrel hooks. S. Elwell, jr.

25144. Sister-hooks. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25150. Sailmaker’s bench-hook. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,
Conn.

25185. Hook-and-eye plate. Wilcox. Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

Grommets.

25116. Series of galvanized iron sail-grommets (Wilcox’s patent). Wilcox,
Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25117. Series of brass sail-grommets (Wilcox’s patent). Wilcox, Critten-
den & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25118. Series of brass grommets. Conical point, rolled rim. Wilcox, Crit-
tenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25119. Series of metallic grommets. First used in America. Wilcox, Crit-
tenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25120. Series of brass grommets. First patented in America. Wilcox, Crit-
tenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25121. Rope-yarn grommets (with worked holes showing mode of use).
Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25128. Series of light, galvanized grommet-rings. Wilcox, Crittenden &
Co., Middletown, Conn.

25129. Series of heavy yvalvanized sail-thimbles. Wilcox, Crittenden &
Co., Middletown, Conn.

25130. Series of héavy iron sail-thimbles (Navy pattern). Wilcox, Critten-
den %& Co., Middletown, Conn.

25122. Galvanized iron ring grommet, with worked holes showing mode of
use. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25123. Series of buntline leaders and earring grommets. Wilcox, Critten-
den & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25124. Series of eyelet grommets. Used to line worked holes and couplings
to Wilcox’s patent grommets. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middle-
town, Conn.

25125. Setting-die. Used for inserting eyelets. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co.,
Middletown, Conn.

25126. Cutting-punch. Used for cutting grommet-holes. Wilcox, Critten-

den & Co., Middletown, Conn.

118 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

APPARATUS ACCESSORY TO RIGGING FISHING-VESSELS.

Grommets—Continued.

25127. Series of heavy grommet-rings. Used for earrings. Wilcox, Crit-
tenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25131. Series of light iron sail-thimbles. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Mid-
dletown, Conn.

25132. Series of throat-thimbles. Gloucester pattern. Wilcox, Crittenden
& Co., Middletown, Conn.

25133. Series of reef-tackle or saddle-thimbles. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co.,
Middletown, Conn. :

25134. Series of brass sail-thimbles. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middle-

{[town, Conn.

25152. Series of open or riggers’ thimbles. af 5
25153. Series of wire-rope thimbles. sf “
Anchors.

32675. Iron killick. A. Voss, Gloucester, Mass.

25162. Boat-anchor. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25163. Grappling-iron for dory. : i

25219. Wooden killick or coast anchor. H. C. Chester, Noank, Conn.

29249. Series of sailors’ palms (from best to the poorest). Wilcox, Critten-
den & Co., Middletown, Conn.

29423. Sailor’s palm (left hand). Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,

[Conn.

29424. Sailor’s roping palm, A 1 (right hand). ‘ .

32651. Trawl-killick. Patented by E. N. Twiss, April, 1878. E. N. Twiss.

39421. Voss’ improved self-stocking anchor. D. C. Voss, E. Gloucester,
Mass,

“This invention consists of a shank and flukes, similar to a common
anchor; but its superiority consists in the folding of the stock, which is
effected by means of a bar passing through the shank, to which the arms
or parts of the stock are pivoted by bolts, the pivoted ends of the stock
being so formed as to stop and support the arms at right angles to tho
shank, and while the folding stock enables you to stow or handle your
anchor with ease, it does not prevent it from answering all the purposes
of a common stock, as the draught of the cable on the shank cannot fail
to bring it into position, nor can the cable get foul with the stock, as the
pivot enables the stock to fall back, causing the turn of the cable to ship
off.

“Tt is claimed that its advantages as a trawl-anchor cannot be sur-
passed, as one can stow them anywhere in the dory and they are out of
the way, and besides the advantage of stowing them in the hold of the
vessel (as six or eight of them can be stowed in the same space as one of
the common anchors).” ;

22224. Snug-stow anchor. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

Drags.

39488. Collins’ adjustable marine drag. (Model. Scale of 4.) Captain J.
W. Collins, Gloucester, Mass. Used by vessels ‘‘laying to” in @
storm.

Mast-gear.

25802. Six ‘“‘ purrel trucks.” Used on a rope around the mast to keep the
gaff on the mast. Walter Coleman & Sons, Providence, R, I.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 119
APPARATUS ACCESSORY TO RIGGING FISHING-VESSELS.

Mast-gear—Continued.

25807. Mast-hoop. Used to hold the sail tothe mast. Walter Coleman &
Sous, Providence, R. I.

20808. Lace trucks. Used on the foot of sail to attach it to the boom.
Walter Coleman & Sons, Providence, R. I.

25159. Series of boat-mast hoops. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,

Conn.
29480. Mast-head gear for dory. Amasa Taylor, Provincetown, Mass.
29481. Mast and boom attachment for dory. ‘ *

29484. Mast and gaff attachment for whale-boat (new style). Used by
Provincetown whalers. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,
{ Conn.

25181. Mast-hinge for whale-boat. _ SS

Leaders and foot-stops.

25604. Series of sail-leaches and boom foot-stops. Used by Newport smack-
men. J. M. K, Southwick, Newport, R. 1.

25193. Boom foot-stops. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25181. Mast-hinge for whale-boat. 44 “

29450. Fair-leader. Used on the booms of Gloucester vessels. Samuel El-
well, jr., Gloucester, Mass.

29463. Patent topsail travelers. Used on square-rigged vessels. Wilcox,
Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

29449. Mast-hook clutch. E.A.Sawyer, Portland, Me.

Boat-builders’ materials.
25170. Ring-bolts. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.
© 25203. Series of ring-bolts. es ee

25211. Common oval head clinch boat-nail. Wileox, Crittenden & Co.,
(Middletown, Conn.

25213. Countersunk clinch boat-nails. se

25220. Series of boat-rivets.

25175. Eye plate or oar-holder swivels for Cape Ann seine-boat.

25176. Gunwale supporter for Cape Ann seine-boat. ty
25174. Breast-brace for Cape Ann seine-boat. ;
25167. Tow-iron for Cape Aun seine-boats. “

25168. Tow-link and hook for Cape Ann seine-boat.

29482. Boom-rest or crotch-socket. Used on the tatirail of Cape fishing-
vessels when thep are ‘‘ laying to” on George’s Banks. Theo.
Brown, Wellfleet, Mass.

25204. Water-deck iron. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

Rudder-fixtures.
29496. “*W. N. Clark’s rudder hanger.” (Patented September 3, 1867.)
James B. Clark, Chester, Conn.

“ Advantages claimed for this hanger: To ship the rudder one has only
to enter the tongue (which has the rudder already attached) in the
grooved plate from the top just far enough to get it steady, and then let
it down, when it will go to its place without further care. Hence arises
the first great advantage which this hanger possesses over the old way,
viz, the ease and dispatch with which the rudder can be shipped under
all circumstances.

120 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

APPARATUS ACCESSORY TO RIGGING FISHING-VESSELS.

Rudder-fixtures—Continued.

Every boatman knows the trouble he has been to, at times, in trying
to ship his rudder, while in a seaway, in the dark, or in muddy water,
when the eyes in the boat could not be seen; often being obliged to reach
down with his hand to get the lower pintle entered.

From the quickness with which the rudder can be shipped, in any posi-
tion of the boat, and under any circumstances, and its security when
shipped, it must recommend itself for all life-boat purposes, where, in case
of an emergency, time is of vital importance. :

Another advantage is that with this hanger the rudder cannot of itself
unship as has often been the case with the common hanger, when the
boat has been left for a short time and the tiller worked out, thereby
leaving the rudder free, by striking the bottom or anything sufficient to
raise it three or four inches, to unhinge and float away. As will readily
be seen, this cannot get away until the rudder has risen the whole length
of the tongue, which, of itself, would never happen.

Again, with this hanger the rudder can be shipped and unshipped
while under full sail, thus making it very convenient for fishermen or
any one sailing over a line or seine, as the rudder can be easily raised far
enough to pass over and prevent a line getting caught between the rud-
der and boat, as would otherwise likely ensue, and when over, by simply
letting down the rudder, it will go to its place again ready for use.

By this arrangement we are enabled to get the hinges further down on
the rudder, thereby bringing the strain on both of them, while in the old
way, the lower eye and pintle are so far from the bottom of the boat, in
order to facilitate the shipping of the rudder, that this one has to bear
nearly all of the strain.” (W. N. Clark.)

25190. Rudder-gudgeons. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.
25189. Series of rudder braces. . re
29472. Dory breast-hook and stern braces.‘ ue

Cleats.

20779. Stay-sail snatch-cleat. Used by Gloucester fishing-schooners, Allen
L. MeDonald, Gloucester, Mass.

25809. Wooden cleats. Used to fasten ropes to. William Coleman & Sons,
Providence, R. I.

25218. Series of small cleats. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25217. Small brass cleats. Ob a
25177. Cleats for Cape Ann seine-boat. x ue
25191. Boat-cleats. is ce

39239. Bagnall & Loud’s patent gaff topsail cleat and downhaul attachment
combined. Patented December 25, 1877. This patent gaff topsail cleat
and downhaul attachment is readily applied with one bolt to the gaffs of
schooners, brigs, and barks. This gaff topsail cleat swings to any posi-
tion, overcoming the abrasion of the rope and sides of the cleat, and
by a downhaul attachment does away with the bull’s-eye or block that
was formerly fastened by a bolt driven into the end of the gaff.

Rowlocks.
25088. Whale-boat rowlock. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.
25086. Brass wash-streak rowlock. oe oe

25118. Steering rowlock with stem socket for Cape Ann seine-boat. Wilcox,
Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 121

APPARATUS ACCESSORY TO RIGGING FISHING VESSELS.
|

| Rowlocks—Continued.

25114. Socket used on side of stern for steering. Used on Cape Ann seine-
boat. Wileox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.
25085. Seine-boat rowlock. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.
25070-72. Polished brass rowlocks. “ oe
25076, 25077. Polished brass rowlock used on gunning-skitl. Wilcox, Crit-
tenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.
25104-5. Galvanized socket rowloecks. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middle-
[town, Conn.

25082-3-4. Brass socket rowlocks. ee fe
25091-2-3. Plain brass patent swivel rowlock. 4 =
25101. First patent swivel rowlock put in market. “ i

25079-80-81. Plain brass rowlock used on gunning-skiff. Wilcox, Critten-
den & Co., Middletown, Conn.
25106-7-8. Side-plate rowlock used on gunning-skiff. Wilcox, Crittenden
& Co., Middletown, Conn.
22228. Galvanized iron rowlock. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,
Conn.
25188. Rowlock for dory. Showing new mode of fastening. Wilcox, Crit-
tenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.
25765. Dory thole-pin rowlock. Samuel Elwell, jr., Gloucester, Mass.
25090. Gun-metal dory rowlock with Southwick’s patent fastening. Wilcox,
Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.
25100. Dory rowlock, showing patent mode of fasteuing. Wilcox, Critten-
den & Co., Middletown, Conn.
26902. y “Lyman’s patent bow-facing rowing-gear.” William Lyman, Mid-
39453. § dlefield, Conn. U.S. Fish Commission.

This bow-facing, i. e. front view, rowing-gear is an invention which
allows the rower to face forward instead of backward, pulling in the same
manner as with the ordinary oars. This reverse movement is obtained by
having the oar in two parts, each part having a ball-and-socket joint
which is attached to the wale of the boat by means of a slot and button,
and the two parts connected by a rod (with hinged bearings) which
crosses the wale of the boat.

The advantages claimed for this rowing-gear over the ordinary oar, are:

“1. The oarsman faces the direction in which he goes.

2, The arrangement of the levers is such that the oarsman applies his
strength to the best mechanical advantage, enabling him to row faster and
more easily than with any other oar.

3. During the stroke the bow of the boat is slightly raised by the mo-
tion of the rower instead of being lowered by his motion, as in ordinary
rowing. F

4, The stroke is longer than with ordinary oars.

5. The oars can be closed up out of the way along the side of the boat
without detaching them from the gunwale.

6. It is better from the fact that the blade of the oar is in front and can
be seen at the beginning of the stroke, so that there is no difficulty in
avoiding obstacles, and in a rough sea there is little danger of “ catching
crabs ”

7. With these oars the boatman makes no more effort in steering than
in directing his course while walking, and this advantage lessens greatly
the effort of rowing. 7

8. While rowing there is no noise from the bearings.

UZ FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.
APPARATUS ACCESSORY TO RIGGING FISHING-VESSELS.

Rowloeks—Continued.

. 9, A pair of these oars weigh about 5 pounds more than the oars, but
this additional weight has this advantage, that at the beginning and end
of the stroke it helps to lower and raise the blade owing to the peculiar
position of the oar.

10. When these oars are detached from the boat, no wood or iron pro-
jections are left on the wale of the boat, as in ordinary rowing-gear, and
thus a serious inconvenience is obviated.

These oars can be attached to and detached from the boat very quickly,
and they can be closed up in a conveniet form for carrying.

These several advantages, viz, the front view, the increased ease and
speed in rowing, the raising of the bow instead of depressing it, the closing
up of the oar out of the way while on the boat, the increased facility in
avoiding obstacles, the diminished effort of hand and eyes in steering,
the rowing without noise, the better balance and swing of the oars, have
commended this new gear to all who have tried it.

This gear can be attached to almost any boat, and is especially adapted
to hunting, fishing, and all kinds of pleasure boating.”

“Almost any one (even if he has never rowed a boat) with an hour’s
practice can use these front view oars well; it being much easier to learn
to use a pair of these oars than a pair of the back view oars.” (William
Lyman. )

28292, Frederick D. Graves’s improved noiseless rowlock. Tred. D. Graves,
Boston, Mas3.

“The object of this invention is to improve the construction and opera-
tion of the class of rowlocks in such manner as, first, to insure the proper
inclination of the blade of the oar, and prevent the liability of its catch-
ing the water when feathering in recovering, as well as to insure the
proper position of the blade of the oar when making the stroke; secondly,
to enable the outer end of the oar to be raised when it is being feathered,
in order to prevent its contact with the water in rough weather. My
improved rowlock, which is composed of an inclosing ring located on a
pintle, and an inner ring inclosed by the ring and adapted to be partially
rotated therein; the inside of the inclosing ring is provided with a groove,
which extends almost around it, its continuity being broken only by a
stop. The pintle of the rowlock is inserted in a socket attached to the
gunwale of the boat, the pintle and rowlock being adapted to turn freely
in the socket. From the foregoing it will readily be seen that an oar
pivoted in the inner ring is adapted to be partially rotated, in addition to
its oscillating movements, so that when its stroke is completed it can be
turned, so as to feather the blade in the recover stroke. The stop and
shoulders of the inner ring are arranged in such mutual relation that the
shoulder abuts against the stop, in feathering the oar, before the blade be-
comes horizontal in cross-section, so that the cross-section of the oar is
unecessarily inclined downward from its forward to its rear edge during
the feathering stroke, this inclination of the blade preventing its forward
edge from engaging with the water and overturning the rower, or, in
other words, causing him to ‘eatch a crab.’ This limitation of the oar
in its rotation prevents awkward accidents in feathering, and enables an
unskilled person to row with a considerable degree of certainty.” (FF. D.

Graves. ) ;
25098-9. Galvanized iron patent swivel rowlock. Wilcox, Crittenden &

{Co., Middletown, Conn.

25095. Galvanized iron patent swivel rowlock. a oe

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 135

PPARATUS ACCESSORY TO RIGGING FISHING-VESSELS.

Rowlocks—Continued.

25097. Galvanized iron patent swivel rowlock. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co.,
[ Middletown, Conn.

25095. Galvanized iron patent swivel rowlock. a fe
25073-4-5. Polished brass patent swivel rowlock. ~ a
25102-3. Galvanized socket rowlock. a s

95111. Countersunk rowlock. Used on Ohio River flat-boats. Wilcox, Crit-
tenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.

99459. Rowlock. Newport and Providence River style, Wilcox, Critten-

[den & Co., Middletown, Conn.

25087. North River pattern rowlock. a a
25089. East River pattern rowlock. oy C

29319. Socket-joint rowlock. Frederick A. Gower, Providence, R. I.

‘The socket-joint rowlock is intended to increase the speed and improve
the convenience of racing boats. Its advanteges have proved so easily
apparent to oarsmen that there is little need of detailing its strong points,
but the following are among its leading features:

Wabbling of the oar is wholly avoided, If the oar is a properly good
fit, it will have less than } inch of fore-and-aft motion in the lock.

Catching crabs is largely avoided by preventing the oar from jam-
ming in the lock at the beginning or end of the stroke. If a crab
should be caught, the rowlock is not strained, and the oar can be recov-
ered without stopping the boat.

A good grip of the water is assured to even the inexperienced oarsman
by the shape of the back of the rowlock, which corresponds to that of the
oar. The oar settles itself into the proper position on beginning the
stroke.

Any length of rea*h may be taken by long-built men in going forward,
avoiding an evil often complained of.

A space half as wide admits passage of the boat. Equipped with this
rowlock a six or four oared shell passes throngh an opening the width of
the outriggers. Crews rowing on narrow or bridged water will find this
advantage worth the price of the rowlocks in a single season.

Uniting the rods at a single point brings the whole strength of the out-
rigger into play at every part of the stroke, and an outrigger thus made
can hardly be demolished while the boat stands.

Any oars may be used if of recent pattern, i. @., Without the unsightly
‘bulge’ on the loom. It is only necessary to make a slight change in
the button, as described below.

Better time may be made. Experiments thus far iddicate that the
socket-joint rowlock is perceptibly speedier than the common pattern, by
the stoppage of wabbling, and general smoothness of action.

Raising a rowlock with the common ontrigger is a half hour’s trouble
with rusty nuts (one or two of which usually twist the bolt off in start-
ing, and experimenting to get the right thickness of washers. With the
socket-joint rowlock the same thing is done in two minutes by slipping
half or three-quarters of an inch of washers on the shaft under the top
rod.

Superior strength. The ordinary iron thole-pins are strong in one direc-
tion only; a backward or sidewise blow is likely to bend them. The
supporting shaft of the socket-joint rowlock is equally strong all around
and withstands a greater strain than the best oars made can apply to it.
The whole rowlock is made of the best bronze metal, which will not rust

124

APPARATUS ACCESSORY TO RIGGING-FISHING-VESSELS.

,

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Rowlocks—Continued.

nor suddenly snap ona frosty morning. Under great mechanical pressure
the lower part of the lock has been bent out nearly straight without
breaking.

Minor conveniences continually appear in the use of this improvement.
There is no wiring to do; no reaching out-board to ship oars; no wriggling
the button through the rowlock; no getting grease on the oar-handle by
passing through the rowlock; no ‘losing the button’ outside the out-
rigger; no jamming the button between the thole-pins. When the out-
riggers are taken off the boat the rods turn on the shaft as a hinge and

fold up into a compact bundle not easily bent out of shape nor injured. —

The rowlocks can be detached entirely, if desired, and each set of rods
made into a package as easily carried as a walking-stick, while the row-
lock may be put into the oarsman’s coat-pocket. Oarsmen having ocea-
sion to travel with boats by rail will appreciate this convenience.

This rowlock cannot pretend to be a cheap contrivance; it is made of
the best material, and requires expensive labor. Its first cost is more
than that of the common pattern, but considering its advantages it will
be found cheapet in the end.” (F. A. Gower.)

25115. Whitehall pattern rowlock. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,

[ Conn.
25112. Detroit or Lake Michigan rowlock. i ee
22227. “‘Acme” oarlock. Pattern invented 1876. “« “

20172. Oar-holder for Cape Ann seine-boat (old model). Higgins & Gifford,

Gloucester, Mass.

25171. Oar-holder for Cape Ann seine-boat. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co.,

Middletown, Conn.

25109. Becket rowlock.
25110. « c

Oars.
25022, One pair white-ash oars (9 feet). R. T. Dodge, maker, Boston, Mass.
25021. One pair white-ash oars (6 feet). ‘¢ ne
25041. Pair white-ash oars (12 feet). ee cs
25011. Pair pine oars (8 feet). a &
25023. Pair white-ash oars (9 feet). es “f
20012. Pair spoon oars (10 feet). ff es
25024. Pair white-ash oars (12 feet). ce ss

Paddles.

25020. White-ash paddles. R. T, Dodge, maker, Boston.

Poles and pushing sticks.

15653. Bidarka pole. Nunivak, Alaska. W.H. Dall.
15653. Bidarka pole. ee Jy

Candlestick.
Used in hold of vessel while storing fish.
82692, Candlestick or “Sticking Tommy.” Gloucester, Mass. G. Brown

Goode.

39228. Lantern-kee. New Bedford. U.S. Fish Commission.

This tantern-keg contains a lantern (No, 39232), tinder-box (No. 39233), and
flint and steel (No 39234).

a ee ee

4 FISHERIES OF THE:UNITED STATES. 125.
APPARATUS ACCESSORY TO RIGGING FISHING-VESSELS.

Fog-horns.
29382. Series of common reed fog-horns, Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4. Wilcox, Crit-
tenden & Co., Middletown, Conn.
25783. Grand Bank fog-horn. Called by the fishermen ‘“‘lipper” or ‘rip-
per,” William H. Weston, Provincetown, Mass.
25231. The Anderson fog-horn. U.S. Fish Commission. (Deposited.)
Deck-scrapers.
25160. Series of ships’ deck-scrapers. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middle
town, Conn. j
39193. Broom. For scrubbing the decks. U.S. Fish Commission.
39194. Broom. For scrubbing the painted work about thedeck. U.S. Fish
Commision.
Dory scoop.
25222. Dory scoop. S. Elwell, jr., Gloucester, Mass.
Bo1Ou,, Ae Central Wharf Co., Wellfleet, Mass.
Flagging irons, Xe.

Used by mackerelmen of Capes Cod and Ann to separate barrel staves for the
insertion of stems of flag to stop leakage.
29492-94. Flagging iron, hoop-drivers, and adze. M. W. Grant, Wellfleet,
Mass.
32677. Flagging-iron. A. Voss. Gloucester, Mass.

Pump-bolt or toggle-pin.
Used on fishing-vessels of Cape Cod and Cape Ann.
29470. Pump-bolt or toggle-pin. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,
Conn.

Deck-scrubs.
29430. Deck-scrub. Used by the Gloucester fishermen. Samuel Elwell, jr.,
Gloucester, Mass.

Pump box and haft for seine-boat.

29497. Pump box and haft for seine-boat. Andrew Kennedy, Provincetown,
- [Mass.

29499. Pump box and haft for seine-boat. cS
Bung-bucket or “ water-thief.”

25784. Bung-bucket or ‘‘ water-thief.”. Wm. H. H. Weston, Provincetown,
Mass.

Water-keg.
39229. Boat water-keg. New Bedford. U. S. Fish Commission.

Boat bucket.
39230. Boat bucket and pins. New Bedford. U.S. Fish Commission

Devil’s claw.
Used to stop the chain when the windlass is wanted for other uses.

29442. Devil’s claw. W.H. Hesbolt, Provincetown, Mass.

126 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

APPARATUS ACCESSORY TO RIGGING FISHING-VESSELS.

Box hook.
Used in closing boxes packed full of fish.

29695. Box hook or ‘‘devil’s claw.” Gloucester, Mass. G. Brown Goode.

Barrel-lifters.
Used for stowing away mackerel-kegs in holds of vessels.
29291. Barrel-lifters. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown, Conn,
32679, Chime barrel-hooks. Gloucester, Mass. G. Brown Goode.
32680. Bilge hooks. Gloucester, Mass. G. Brown Goode,

Ice-hooks.

For lifting ice on vessel from wharf.

32674. Ice-hooks. Gloucester, Mass. G. Brown Goode.

Ice mallets.
39191. Ice mallet (large). U.S. Fish Commission.
Used in the hold for crushing ice used in packing fresh fish.
39192. Ice mallet (small). U. S. Fish Commission.
Used in winter on deck of fishing vessels to break the ice on the rig-
ging.
Lance-hooks.

Fastened on side of whale-boat to hang lance on.
25919. Lance-hooks. E..B. & F. Macy, New Bedford, Mass.

Grappling gear.
Used to recover lost trawls.
25935. Grappling gear. A. McCurdy, Gloucester, Mass.
22223. Grappling-iron. Used as net and boat anchor about the mouth of ©

the George’s River, Maine. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co. .

Marline spikes. |

29418. Splicer or pricker. Used for splicing trawl-lines. ‘Wilcox, Critten- —
den & Co., Middletown, Conn.

29455. Marline spike. Made from the jawbone of sperm whale. Robert D.
Baxter, Provincetown, Mass,

29419, Marline spike. Made from the jawbone of whale. Frank O. Blake,
Portland, Me.

25147. Sailmakers’ marline spike. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,

[Conn.
25148. Sailmakers’ marline pricker. ea
25164. Series of marline spikes. oe af
25146. Series of hickory hand fids. Wilcox, Crittenden & Co., Middletown,
Conn.

25672. Copper marline spike. Made at sea by Thomas Freeman. Used for
splicing trawllines. Sanford Freeman, Norwichport, Mass.
32693. Splicer. Gloncester, Mass. G. Brown Goode.

. FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 127
APPARATUS ACCESSORY TO RIGGING FISHING-VESSELS.

Rest for harpoon, &ce.
11391-2. Rest for harpoon and bow and arrow. Aleutian Islands. Vincent
Colyer.
Used ou deck of kyak. ‘i
1119. Spear-holder. Used by Eskimo, Anderson River. R. MacFarlane.
7430. Spear-holder. Fort Anderson. R. MacFarlane.

PRESERVATIVE FLUIDS AND PAINTS.

32801. Nelson’s patent canvas preserving solution. Chresten Nelson, Glou-
cester, Mass. .

This solution is used to preserve canvas from injury by exposure to the
weather, in any climate. Sails, &c., treated with the solution do not
mildew or become stained in the least, but retain the appearance of new
canvas after having been treated, and are as strong as when new.

32802. Piece of canvas showing the operation of Nelson’s preserving solu-
tion. Chresten Nelson, Gloucester, Mass.

This piece of canvas was exposed to the weather on damp ground {for six
months, after half had been saturated with the preserving solution.

32803. Piece of canvas showing the operation of Nelson’s preserving solu-
tion. Chresten Nelson, Gloucester, Mass. |

This piece of canvas was exposed to the Weather, on damp ground, for
two seasons, after one-half had been thoroughly saturated with the pre-
servative solution.

39430. Tarr and Wonson’s copper paint for the bottoms of vessels. Tarr &
Wonson, Gloucester, Mass.

P 25. CAMP OUTFIT.
SHELTER.

42834. Portable shelter-tent, open front, with curtain. Dimensions 6 feet by
7 feet. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

FURNITURE.

Beds, mattresses, blankets, &c.

39259. Patent elastic felt mattress and life-preserver. H. D. Ostermoor,
New York.

“The mattress consists of several sheets or thicknesses of raw cotton
which have been acted upon while under pressure by a preparation, the
character of which is a secret to the manufacturers. These sheets of cot-
ton are inclosed in ordinary bed ticking of good quality, and the mattress
is similar in appearance to the hair mattress of common use.

“*Tn the quality of softness, elasticity, and general comfort, it is excellent
and will be regarded by most persons as superior in this respect to the
best hair. This mattress, which is six feet sixinches long, by two feet
nine inches wide, and five inches thick, supported one man of about 150
pounds weight, with an additional grate-bar, weighing 50 pounds, mak-
ing 200 pounds aggregate, without sinking enough to wet the upper side
of the mattress ; it supported two such men with ease, only wetting their
feet alittle. After twenty-four hours’ floating, the ticking having become

128 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES,

FURNITURE.
Beds, mattresses, blankets, &c.—Continued.

thoroughly saturated, the inside was examined and found to be totally
untouched by moisture, the extreme outer fibres of the outer sheets being
barely touched by the dampness. Heavy weights were then used to sink it,
and it remained submerged for forty-eight hours; upon being again exam-
ined, the ticking was found completely saturated, while a slight moist-
ure had penetrated a short distance between the thicknesses of raw cot-
ton, the interior of cach of these thicknesses, however, being entirely free
from any signs of dampness. The mattress was then dried, when the orig-
inal softness and springiness was observed to return to the material.”
42861. Camp-bed, portable, with mosquito-bar all contained in the pillow.

Manufactured by the U. S. Camp-Lounge Co., Troy, VY. Y. U. S,_

Fish Commission. (UC. B. & M.)

This bed has jointed side rails, mosquito-bar canopy and perfect pillow
attachment, all of which fold with the lounge in a small ease.
The case is applied to the head of the lounge and forms the pillow.
Size of case, 2 in. x 7 in. X 23 in.

To put it together.—Put the girths in position at the foot; insert the

legs at the head in holes through the side rails and attach the ~

case to the top of the legs. It is put up in thirty seconds.

42864. Rubber camp-bag for carrying blankets, &c. Manufactured by Good-
year’s Rubber Glove Manufacturing Company, Naugatuck, Conn.
U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

42865. Waterproof canvas cover for same. Manufactured by Conroy, Bissett
& Malleson. U.S. Fish Commission.

Stool.

3978. Stool. R. MacFarlane.
Used by Eskimos to stand on while watching for seal in water.

COMMISSARY SUPPLIES.
Cooking apparatus.

39240. Can opener.

42844. Camp and portable stove with all equipments for cooking. Manu- -

factured by Taunton Iron Works, Taunton, Mass. U.S. F.C.
42362. Camp kit for two, with cooking utensils packed in solid galvanized
iron pail. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)
42860. Thorne’s portable cooker for frying fish, making coffee, &c. Manu-
factured by Pierce & Co., Buffalo, N. Y. U.S. Fish Commission.
(CHBES Me)

29295. Portable camp-stove. H. L. Duncklee, Boston, Mass.
25689. Portable camp-stove. se ss
Open, showing utensils, viz : ;
25690. Six tin plates. 25695. Coffee-pot.

25691. Six tin cups. 25696. Dipper.

25692. Six-quart kettle. 25697. Toast-rack.
25693. Eight-quart kettle. 25698. Frying-pan.
25694. Stew-pan. 25699. Bread-pan.

26843. Lehmen’s patent folding camp-baker. Scoville & Johnson, Mar-
quette, Mich.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES 129

OLOTHING.

26. PERSONAL EQUIPMENTS.

Fishermen’s suits.

42701-6. Ordinary suit for summer. U.S. Fish Commission.
This suit cons‘sts of:

1
2
3
A

».

6.

. Straw hat.

> Blue-flannel shirt.

. Woolen pants.

. Oil-cloth barrel.

Leather boots.

Finger cots, worn when “ hooking mackerel.”

42707-13. Suit worn while dressing fish. U.S. Fish Commission.
This suit consists of:

_

me 09 2

2 oc oO

8.

. Black felt hat.
. Flannel shirt.
Cotton jumper.
. Overalls.

. Oil-cloth petticoat.

. Leather boots.
. Woolen mittens.
Oil-cloth sleeves. (No. 32696.)

42714-19. Suit for wet weather in summer. U.S. Fish Commission.
This suit consists of :

6.

1
2
3.
4
)

. Sou’ wester hat. ‘

. Flannel shirt.

Single oil-cloth jumper.
. Pants.

. Red leather boots,
Nippers.

42720-31. Woolen suit for winter. U. 8. Fish Commission.

9F

This

SH ONIH OS WD We

_

re

suit consists of:

. Russia cap.

. Flannel undershirt.

. Flannel drawers.

. Blue flannel overshirt.
. Woolen jumper.

. Monkey jacket.

. Woolen pants.

. Leather boots.
. Woolen slippers, worn inside boots.

. Leather mittens.
Woolen socks.

12. Suspenders.
42732-37. Winter suit for wet weather. U. 8. Fish Commission.
This suit consists of:

A

‘¢ Sow’ wester” hat.

2. Double oil-cloth jacket.

3
4

F ee pants.
. Rubber boots.

5. Woolen mittens,

6

. Nippers.

130 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

OLOTHING.

Fishermen’s suits—Continued.
42738-42. Suit of black oil-cloth for wet weather.
This suit consists of:
1. ‘*Sou’wester” hat.

2. os jacket.
ae Jy pants.
4. Yellow oil-cloth mittens.

Rubber boots.

qn

42743-49. Winter suit for the roughest weather.

This suit consists of:

1. Rubber ‘‘ sou’ wester” hat.

2 ES jacket.

3. fs pants.

4, ef mittens.

5. Woolen muffler.

6. Rubber boots.

7. Lambskin slipper, worn in the boots.

42750-53. Suit for cook of fishing-vessel.
This suit consists of:
1. Checked-cotton jumper.
2. Checked-cotton pants
3. Cotton apron.
4. Leather slippers.
2128. Water-proof dress. (Coniplete.) Made from the intestines of sea
lion (ELumetopias stelleri). Indians of northwest coast of America,
Wilkes Exploring Expedition.

Angler’s suits.

42857. Smoke-tanned buck antelope skin fishing-jacket, dressed on the pla:
U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

42858. Vest of same material. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

42835-6-7. Fustian, or mole-skin suit. Manufactured by F. L. Sheldon,
Rahway, N.J. U.S. Fish Commission. (C.B. & M.)

Water-proof suits.

42833-9-40. Water-proof canvass suit. Manufactured by F. L. Sheldon,
Rahway, N. J. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)
29425. The Merriman life-saving suit. Mr. C. 8. Merriman, 341 Broadway,

New York City.

The Merriman life-saving dress, as used by the United States Life-
Saving Service, is composed of vulcanized rubber made in two parts,
consisting of a jacket or tunic which embraces the hood and gloves, and
ordinary pantaloons. In the jacket or tunie are three separate air
chambers; one in the hood, one inthe front or breast, and one covering
the back. These air chambers are between the inner and outer skin of
the jacket. The bottom of the jacket is provided with an elastic rub-
ber flange to bring over the top of the pants. The pants are provided
with a metallic band or ring, placed between the lining and the outside
of the pants and faced with a layer of pure elastic rubber for the pur-

ia

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 131

OLOTHING.

Water-proof suits—Continued.

pose of producing a water-proof joint. The bottom of the pants termi-
nates in boots.

The important features of the dress are, first, that it protects the
wearer entirely from contact with the water, and, being inflated with a
stratum of air two or more inches in thickness about the vital parts,
protects the wearer also from cold, even in water amongst ice. The
floating capacity of the dress is about 300 pounds, which enables a per-
son to ride securely upon the surface of the water. The natural posi-
tion of the wearer is lying upon the back, and by means of the arms and
hands used in overhand motion as oars he can propel himself head fore-
most at the rate of about one mile per hour. It is found under ordinary
circumstances that a man tolerably well skilled in the use of the dress
can propel himself and carry a line from a beach through the surf over
a bar, when it would be very difficult if not impossible to go with
an ordinary surf boat to a vessel in distress. It 1s claimed that a man
equipped in one of these dresses can leave a stranded vessel with a line
and pass through any surf toa sand beach. A boat can be pulled by a
person clad in this dress with no more inconvenience than if in heavy
winter clothing, and the dress can be put on in from two to four min-
utes,so that aman can go where and as he pleases in it in water, no
matter how rough or cold, stay as long as he wish, and come out dry,
warm, and comfortable.

These dresses have been in use in the United States Life-Saving
Service eight years, and the cost of repairs on those same dresses has
been but 9 per cent of their original cost after eight years regular service.

39475.

Life-preserving jacket. New York. H. D. Ostermoor.

Oil-skin clothing.

42756.

29543.
29544,

Long oil-cloth coat, worn chiefly by captains, or men on watch.
Gloucester, Mass.

Cape Ann coats. J. F. Carter, Gloucester, Mass

Cape Ann pants. i FS

Boots, moccasins, leggings, shirts, &e.

26015.
26015.
26014.
25823.
42845,
42846.
42852.
42847.

42848.

42849,

Fishermen’s red cod boots. Jonathan Buck, Harwich, Mass.

Fishermen’s red-leather slippers. a Ee
Fishermen’s black boots. fe
Slippers made of sheep-skin, with the wool on the inner surface.

Worn by fishermen inside of their boots. A. R. Crittenden, Mid-
dletown, Conn.

Black rubber wading trousers, stocking feet. U. S. Fish Commission.
(C. B. & M.)

Black rubber wading stockings. U. 8. Fish Commission. (C. B.
& M.)

One pair oil dressed waterproof shoe packs with hobnails for wading.
Manufactured by Thomson & Sons, Bergen, N. J. U.S. Fish
Commission. (C. B. & M.)

Silesia wading stockings. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)
Finest quality wading-stockings with improved rubber and cork
soles to prevent slipping. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)
Same as above; full length trousers for salmon fishing. U.S. Fish

Commission. (C. B. & M.)

132 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES

CLOTHING.
Boots, moccasins, leggings, shirts, &c.—Continued.

42863. One pair oil finished moccasins for canoeing. Manufactured by
Thomson & Sons, Bergen Heights, N. J. U. S. Fish Commission.
(C. B. & M.)

11380. Fine skin shirt. Used by Indians at sea in skin bidarka. The shirt
is tied water-tight around the rim of the hoops in the bidarka.
Kodiak Island, Alaska. Smithsonian Institution. :

5591. Boots made fromskin of salmon. Youkon River, Alaska. W. H. Dall.

Hats and caps.

25722, Fisherman’s cap, called ‘‘Russian cap.” E. R. Cook, Provincetown,

|

4 Mass.
29542. Series of sow’westers and oil-cloth hats (Cape Ann pattern). J. F.

Carter, Gloucester, Mass.

Clothing for the hands.

39286. Pair of knit woolen mittens, used by mackerel fishermen. A. Howard
Clark, Gloucester, Mass.

25788. Pair of mittens. Called ‘‘Newfoundland cuffs” by fishermen.
Pecrliar to Gloucester. A. R. Crittenden, Middletown, Conn.

25790. Mackerel cots. Used on the fingers when taking mackerel by hook
and line. Capt. Samuel Elwell, Gloucester, Mass.

32694. Finger-stall or cot (home-made). J. W. Collins, Gloucester, Mass.

32695. s es ee ee

25787. Pair of ‘“‘hand-haulers.” Used by fishermen off the Newfoundland
Banks. Joseph Parsons, jr., East Gloucester, Mass.

25789. Pair of nippers; peculiar to Gloucester, Mass. Joseph Parsons, East
Gloucester, Mass.

25718. Pair of nippers. Used by fishermen to protect the fingers while
hanling in trawls. David Conwell.

25717. Pair of nippers. Central Wharf Company, Provincetown, Mass.
32655. Rubber cots. Worn on the forefingers to prevent cutting by the
mackerel lines. U. 8. Fish Commission.

Clothes-bags.
42754. White-clothes bag. Gloucester, Mass.
42755. Black sé Kc Z

24231. Bag made from skin of salmon. Alaska. L. M. Turner.
Protection from insects:

Nets for beds and for face.

26700. Mosquito-net. Property of J. A. Nichols, Syracuse, N. Y. Con-
tributed by Forest and Stream Publishing Company.

42851. Folding mosquito and black fly-net. U.S. Fish Commission. (C.B.
& M.)

42866. Head-net for anglers. Manufactured by Roebuck & Co., New York.
U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

TRAPPINGS.
Game-bags.

12853. Crescent-shaped bait-box and strap. U. 8. Fish Commission. (C. B.
& M.)

-

iL

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STAT:'S. 133

TRAPPINGS.

Game-bags—Continued.

42854. Basket-shaped bait-box and strap. U. S. Fish Commission. (C. B.

& M.)

42855. Willow creel and leather and web strap. U. S. Fish Commission.

(C. B. & M.)

42856. Willow creel, showing new style of left shoulder-strap. U. 8S. Fish

Commission. (C. B. & M.)

42850. Fishing bag, waterproof canvas. Manufactured by F. L. Sheldon,

Rahway, N. J. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

4-359. Waterproof canvas tackle-case, or anglers’ ‘‘ carryall,” nickel corners

for fly-book, reel, spoon baits, &c. Manufactured by Conroy, Bissett
& Malleson, New York. U.S. Fish Commission. (C. B. & M.)

NAUTICAL INSTRUMENTS, Sc.

Series of navigating instruments. Thaxter & Sons, Boston, Mass.
These instruments and books are such as are used by the best equipped
Gloucester fishing vessels. Many vessels are notso well fitted out.

39383.

39384.

39385.
39386.
39387.

39388.
39389.
39390,
39391.

39392.

Ship’s log. 8S. Thaxter & Sons, Boston.
Brass compass. .
Ritchie compass. sh
Holosteric barometer. ss

Lever-clock. Manufactured by the New Haven Clock Company,
New Haven, Conn.

Lever-clock. Manufactured by E. Ingraham & Co., Bristol, Conn.

Nautical Almanac for 1880.

Bowditch’s ‘‘ American Practical Navigator” (Bureau of Navigation),

Sextant.

Spy-glass.

MEDICAL OUTFIT.

Medicine-chests.

Medicine-chest, such as is used by the best equipped Gloucester fishing-
vessels. U.S. Fish Commission. Contents.

DODNAMNPWWE

10

11

12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18

19.

. Sulphur.

Cream of tartar.

. Epsom salts.

Arrow root.

. Chamomile flower.
. Flax-seed.

ce meal.
Bicarbonate of soda.

. Turner’s cerate.

Mercurial cintment.
Basilicon ce
Simple ee
Glycerine of
Extract of paregoric.

~~ **~itriol,
Laudanum.
Fryar’s balsam.
Essence of peppermint,
Spirits of nitre.

134 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

MEDICAL OUTFI?.

Medicine-chests—Continued.

20. Balsam copaiva.
21. Sulphuric ether.
22. Sirup of squills.
23. Soap liniment.
24, Spirits cf lavender.
25. “ ** camphor.
26. ‘¢ “* hartshorn.
27. Tincture of rhubarb.
28. es ** bark.
29. Wine of antimony.
30. Mercurial solution.
31. Muriatic tincture of iron.
32. Seidlitz mixture.
33. Castor oil.
34. Purging pills.
35. Gum arabic.
36. Blue pills.
37. Opium ‘
38. Fever powders.
39. Calomel and jalap.
40. Dovers powders.
41. Quinine.
42. Ipecac.
43. Calomel.
44. Tincture of myrrh.
45. Rhubarb.
46. Magnesia.
47. Peruvian bark.
48. Tartar emetic.
49. Powdered cubebs.
50. Nitrate of saltpetre. :
51. Sugar of lead.
. White vitriol.
. Blue ct
. Tartaric acid.
. Red precipitate.
. Alum.
. Gum camphor.
. Iodide of potash.
. Lunar caustic.

62. Lancet.

63. Syringe.

The Mariner’s Medical Guide.
Some vessels carry smaller chests.
39425. Medicine chest. Prepared for the use of the field parties of the U. 8.
Fish Commission under the direction of Surgeon J. H. Kidder, U.
8S. N., U.S. Fish Commission. With pamphlet of instructions.

FISHERMAN’S DWELLINGS, &c.

oocw oucan o
Oana oO WwW WD

39426. Series of stereoscopic views of Provincetown, Mass.
39427, ae ue e Gloucester, Mass.
39428. Ԥ fifteen large photographs of Gloucester, Mass.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 135

LOG-BOOKS, RECORDS, &c.

Log-books of fishermen.

Log-books kept by masters of New England cod vessels under the re-

quirements of the old bounty law.

OHARTS USED BY FISHERMEN.

In the Exhibits of the United States Coast Survey and the Hydro-

graphic Office may be found the various charts of the coast of the

United States prepared by the government. As arule, however, the
fishing vessels prefer to carry the Eldridge charts.
39237. Eldridge’s charts. Published by S. Thaxter & Son, Boston, Mass.
No. 1. The Vineyard Sound and Nantucket Shoals, on a very large scale,

with a book of sailing directions. Persons using this chart will
save the expense of employing a pilot.

No. 2. The Coast of North America, from Cape Henry to Cape Sable,

including the Chesapeake and Delaware Bays, and George’s
Shoals, on a.large scale.

No. 3. Cape Cod to Belle Isle, including the Bay of Fundy, Gulf of Saint

Lawrence, and Banks of Newfoundland, with plans on a large
scale of the coast of Noya Scotia, from Cape Canso to Pictou;
the coast of Cape Breton, from Scutari to Sydney, and the
harbor of Saint John’s, Newfoundland, Saint John, New Bruns-
wick, Halifax, and Miramichi. This isa new chart, prepared
from the latest surveys, expressly for the coal and fishing
trades.

No. 4. Boston Harbor, on a large scale, with sailing directions. This

chart affords a more practical guide to the various channels,
passages, fishing-grounds, &c., of Boston Harbor, than any that
has ever been issued. The bearings and distances of dangerous
rocks and shoals, and the principal ranges of objects, are all
given on the chart.

No. 5. A new chart of Long’ Island Sound, from Newport to New York;

with a book of sailing directions, containing a full descrip-
tion of the dangers to be avoided in entering the various
harbors of the sound.

No. 6. Lynn to Halibut Point, with the harbors of Salem, Beverly, Mar-

blehead, Manchester, Gloucester, Rockport, and Annisquam;
also the stone quarries at Folly Cove, Lanesville, Bay View,
&c., on a large scale.

No. 7. Chesapeake Bay, with the James, York, Rappahannock, and Poto-

mac Rivers. This is a new chart, and the only one published
which gives the rivers on a large scale on one sheet.

No. & Montauk Point to Saint Augustiné, with a plan of New York Bay

and Harbor on a large scale.

No. 9. Saint Augustine to New Orleans, with Florida Reefs, Bahama

Banks, and entrance to Pensacola and Mobile Bays, on a large
scale.

136 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

CHARTS USED BY FISHERMEN.

No. 10. Buzzard’s Bay, on a very large scale, with a book of sailing direc-
tions.
Charts 8 and 9 were prepared for the trade between New York,
Cuba, and New Orleans, and are arranged so as to avoid the
necessity and expense of using four charts, as formerly.
These charts are printed on the best quality of linen paper, and
mounted on cloth to make them durable.

LITERATURE OF ANGLING, THE FISHERIES, &c. |

1865. Norris, THADDEUS.

The | American Angler’s Book: | embracing | The Natural History
of Sporting Fish, |'and | the art of taking them. | With in-
structions in | fly-fishing, fly-making, and rod-making; and di-
rections for fish-breeding. | To which is added, | Dies Pisca-
torie; | describing noted fishing-places, and the pleasure of |
solitary fly-fishing. | New Edition, | with a supplement, | con-
taining descriptions of salmon rivers, inland trout-fishing, ete.,
ete. | — | By Thaddeus Norris. | — | Illustrated with eighty en--
gravings on wood. | Philadelphia: | Published by E. H. Butler
& Co. | London: Sampson Low, Son, & Co. | 1865.

1875. ScotrT, GENIO C.

Fishing | In American Waters. | By Genio C. Scott. | (Cut.) | Anew
edition, containing parts six and seven, | on Southern and Mis-
cellaneous Fishes. | With numerous illustrations. | New York: |
Harper & Brothers, publishers, | Franklin Square. | 1875.

1876. Brown, JOHN J.

The | American Angler’s Guide ; | or, | Complete Fisher’s Manual, |
for the United States; | containing | the opinions and practices
of experienced | anglers of both hemispheres; | with the various
modes adopted in Ocean, River, Lake, aad Pond Fishing; | the
usual tackle and baits,required; instructions in the art | of mak-
ing artificial flies; methods of making fish- | ponds, transporta-
tion of fish, ete., ete. | Fifth edition, | revised and greatly en-
larged and improved with the addition of a | third part, | con-
taining a more particular description of Southern and | Western
fishes, and other matter of interest to the | angler, together
with a copious index. | Handsomely illustrated | with twenty-
five engravings of the principal angle-fish of America, | and
embellished with numerous engravings on | steel, stone, and
wood. | By | John J. Brown. | New York: | D. Appleton and
Company. | 549 and 551 Broadway. | 1876.

1877. HALLOCK, CHARLES.

The | Sportsman’s Gazetteer | and | General Guide. | The Game
Animals, Birds, and Fishes of North America: | their Habits and
various Methods of Capture. | Copious Instructions | in Shooting,
Fishing, Taxidermy, Woodcraft, ete. | Together with | a Direc-
tory to the Principal Game Resorts of the | Country; illustrated
with Maps. | By Charles Hallock, | editor of ‘Forest and
Stream;” Author of the ‘ Fishing Tourist,” ‘‘Camp | Life in
Florida,” ete. | New York: | ‘‘Forest and Stream” Publishing
Company, | American News Company, Agents. | 1877.

. FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 137

LITERATURE OF ANGLING, THE FISHERIES, &c.

1878. JORDAN, DAVID STARR.

Manual | of the | Vertebrates | of the | Northern United States, |
including | the District East of the Mississippi River, and North
of | North Carolina and Tennessee, exclusive | of Marine Species.

| By | David Starr Jordan, Ph. D., M. D. | Professor of Natural

History in Butler University. |— | Second edition, revised and
enlarged. | — | Chicago: | Jansen, McClurg & Company. | 1878.

1874, ScAMMON, CHARLES M.
The | Marine Mammals | of the | Northwestern Coast of North Amer-
ica, | described and illustrated: | together with an account of |
The American Whale-tishery. | By | Charles M. Scammon, | Cap-
tain U.S. Revenue Marine. | San Francisco: | John H. Carmany
and Company. | New York: | G. P. Putnai’s Sons, | 1874.

1860. HoLBrRooKk, JouN EDWwarps.
Ichthyology | of | South Carolina. | By John Edwards Holbrook,
M. D., | Professor of Anatomy in the Medical College of the State
of South Carolina; member | of the Royal Medical Society of
Edinburgh; (ete., ete.) | Vol. I. | Charleston, 8S. C.: | Published
by Russell & Jones. | 1860,

1860. BABSON, JOHN J.

History | of the | Town of Gloucester, | Cape Ann, | including the
town of Rockport. | — | By John J. Babson. | — | Gloucester: |
Published by Procter Brothers. | 1850.

1877. Cours, ELLiorTt.

Department of the Interior. | United States Geological Survey of

the Territories. | F. V. Hayden, U. 8. Geologist. | — | Miscella-
neous Publications, No. 8. | — | Fur-bearing animals: | A mono-

graph | of | North American Mustelidz, | in which an account
of | the wolverine, the martins or sables, the ermine, the mink |
and various other kinds of weasels, several species of | skunks,
the badger, the land and sea otters, and | numerous exotic allies
of these animals, | is contributed tothe | History of North Amer-
ican Mammals. | By | Elliott Coues, | captain and assistant sur-
geon United States Army, | secretary and naturalist of the sur-
vey. | — | Illustrated with sixty figures on twenty plates. | — |
Washington: | Government Printing Office. | 1877.

1871. McDonaLp, J. L.

Hidden Treasures, | or | Fisheries Around the Northwest Coast.
| — | ‘‘The taking of fish on the banks is a momentous concern.”
| Fisher Ames. | — | In one volume. | By J. L. McDonald, | of
Washington Territory. | — | Procter Brothers, printers, | Adver-
vertiser Office, Gloucester, Mass. | 1871.

1878. HALIFAX COMMISSION.

Award of the Fishery Commission. | — | Documents and Proceed-
ings | of the | Halifax Commission, 1877, | under the | Treaty of
Washington of May 8, 1871. | In three volumes. | Volumes I, II,
III. | (Seal of the Department of State.) | Washington: | Govern-
ment Printing Office. | 1878.

138 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

LITERATURE OF ANGLING, THE FISHERIES, &c.

1822, ADAMS, JOHN QUINCY.
The Duplicate Letters, | the Fisheries and the Mississippi. | ==

| Documents relating to Transactions | at the Negociation of

Ghent. | Collected and published | by John Quincy Adams, | one

of the Commissioners of the United States | at that Negocia-

tion. | == | Washington: | Printed by Davis & Force, (Frank-
lin’s head.) | Pennsylvania Avenue. | ::::: | 1822.

1867. DerRBY, E. H.

Letter | to the Hon. William H. Seward, | Secretary of State, | in
answer to one from him on the Resolution of | the Senate as to
the | Relations of the United States | with | the British Prov-
inces, | and the Actual Condition of | the Question of the Fish-
eries, | from | E. H. Derby. | January, 1857. | Washington, D. C.

| 1867.

PRESIDENT’S MESSAGES.

Message from the President of the United States, transmitting the
information required by a resolution of the House of Represent-
atives of 3d March, 1831, on the subject of the regulations of
England, France, and the Netherlands respecting their fisheries.

4lst Congress, ? House of Representatives. ; Ex. Doe.

No. 239.

Fisheries in British Waters. | — | Message | from the | President
of the United States, | in answer to | a resolution of the House
of the 7th ultimo relative to fisheries in British | waters.

42d Congress, Senate. § Ex. Doc.
2d session. No. 34.

Message | from the | President of the United States, | communicat-
ing, | in compliance with a resolution of the 19th January, 1869,
information | in relation to the resources and extent of the fishe
ing-grounds of the North | Pacific Ocean, opened to the United
States by the treaty of Alaska.

2d session. $

1873~79. FOREST AND STREAM AND ROD AND GUN.

13 volumes of ‘‘Forest and Stream and Rod and Gun,” a weekly
paper by Forest and Stream Publishing Company, New York
City.

Soc on,

METHODS OF PREPARATION.
I. PREPARATION AND PRESERVATION OF FOOD.

1. PRESERVATION DURING LIFE.

FISH-CARS AND OTHER FLOATING CAGES FOR AQUATIO
ANIMALS.

29539. Model of fish-marketman’s car. For preservation of living fish. J.
M. K. Southwick, Newport, R. I,

22221. Model of Providence River fish-car. These are towed by the smack,
and as fast as fish are caught they are put in, and so kept for Provi-
dence market. D.D.Alny.

29397. Model of Noank lobster-car. Capt. H. C. Chester.

29538. Model of fisherman’s car for transporting living fish to market. J.
M. K. Southwick, Newport, R. I.

2. PRESERVATION OF FRESHMEATS.

REFRIGERATORS.

Ice-boxes and refrigerators.

39432. Banta refrigerator. Process patented July 1, 1867. Manufactured
by G. A. Banta, New York City. Smithsonian Institution.

(Accessory.) The ice-trade:
Ice cutting and handling apparatus.

32799. Low’s patent ice crusher. Exhibited by D. W. Low, Gloucester,
Mass.

32800. Low’s improved ice-pick. Exhibited by D. W. Low, Gloucester,
Mass.

3. PRESERVATION BY DRYING.

SUN-DRYING APPARATUS.
Flake-drying :

39433. Codfish-flake. Old style. Model. Capt. NW E. Atwood, Province-

town, Mass.
139

140 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

SUN-DRYING APPARATUS.

Flake-drying—C ontinued.
39434. Codfish-flake. New style. Model. Capt. Atwood, Provincetown.
The old style or brush-flake has been almost entirely superseded by
the new pattern. The new flake is constructed so as to be movable about
a horizontal axis, thus making it possible to expose the fish placed upon
it to the direct rays of the sun during the whole day, or to keep them in
the shade, as may be most desirable. .

SMOKE-DRYING APPARATUS.

Herring smoke-houses.

12105. Model of smoke-house used in preparation of herring (Clupeaharengus).
Lubec, Me. U.S. Fish Commission.

121054. Model of smoke-house used in preparation of salmon (Salmo salar).
Lubec, Me. U.S. Fish Commission. F

4, PRESERVATION BY CANNING AND PICKLING.
SALTING ESTABLISHMENTS.

25750. Model of D. D. Parmalee’s Waukegan fishery. J. W. Milner.
This model shows in miniature all the apparatus employed in clean-
ing and salting down the lake whitefish.

(Accessory.) Salt:
Model of salt-mills used on Cape Cod in former days.

Extensively used in the first half of the present century in obtaining salt
by evaporation of sea-water. Their remains are found on Cape Cod and
Nantucket.

25706. Model of salt-works. Nantucket, Mass. W. H. Chase, 2d.

CANNING MEATS.

Model of lobster-canning factory.

26583. Model of Johnson & Young’s lobster-house, Warren Bridge, near
Fitchburg depot. Johnson & Young, Boston, Mass.

This model shows the factory with its vats for steaming the lobsters,
the wharf, and the derricks used in handling the lobsters. It is accom-
panied by models of lobster-smack, and of the principal forms of lobster-
nets; catalogued elsewhere.

Oyster-canning factory.

39334, Photograph. Side view of D. D. Mallory & Co.’s oyster-packing house,
Baltimore. U. 8. Fish Commission.
39335. Photograph. Interior view of a steamed-oyster packing-house, Bal-
timore. U. 8. Fish Commission.
Lithographic view of oyster-packing house, Baltimore, Md.

Cans for fish, &e.

39313. Quart cans (4) for transportation of raw oysters to the interior of
the country. R. H. Edmunds, Baltimore.
In these cans raw oysters are placed, and the covers having been sol-
dered on, they are packed in boxes of ice.
39340. Tin cans, for canned fish. Hine & Co., 1315 Doyers street, New York.
39443. Printed ends of boxes showing different brands of boneless fish.
Louis Merchant, Gloucester, Mass.

OANNING MEATS.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES, 141

Specimens of cans for the packing of fish.

39396. ‘Nonpareil mackerel.” Pickert, Butts & Co., Boston, Mass.
5 pounds.

39307. Choice fat mackerel. Franklin Snow & Co., Boston, Mass.
5 pounds.

39908. Extra mackerel. Franklin Snow & Co., Boston, Mass. 5 pounds.

39399. Breakfast mackerel. Franklin Snow & Co., Boston, Mass. 5 pounds.

39400. Selected breakfast mackerel. Franklin Snow & Co., Boston, Mass.
5 pounds.

39401. Fresh lobster. Potter & Wrightington, Boston, Mass. 1 pound.

39402. Family mess mackerel. Boston Packing Company, Boston, Mass.
5 pounds.

39403. Snow-flake cod-fish. H. Mayo & Co., Boston, Mass. 5 pounds.

39404. Paragon boneless herring. H. Mayo & Co., Boston, Mass. 1 pound.

39405. Pure cod-fish. Grocers’ Packing Company, Boston, Mass. 1 pound.

39406. Boneless herring, ‘‘ Tiger Brand.” Boston Packing Company, Bos-
ton, Mass. 1 pound. ;

39407. Boneless cod-fish, “Lion & Unicorn.” Potter & Wrightington,
Boston, Mass. 5 pounds.

39408. Shredded cod-fish. Boston Packing Company, Boston, Mass. 2
pounds.

39409, Minced cod-fish. Potter & Wrightington, Boston, Mass. 1 pound.

39410, Smoked halibut. Potter & Wrightington, Boston, Mass. 1 pound.

5. PREPARATION OF BAITS.

BAIT-MILLS, KNIVES, CHOPPERS, &c. (See, also, under B, 2 and 3.)

96011. Voss’ improved bait-mill. (Patented January 17, 1876.) A. Voss,
Gloucester, Mass.

6. WHARVES, ETC.

39195-6. Model of Gloucester wharf and fish-house. Higgins & Gifford,
Gloucester, Mass.
39440. Model of fish-wharf, consisting of fish-weighing scales, weights, fifty
' little barrels and tubs, culling and packing cribs. Higgins & Gifford,
Gloucester, Mass.

142 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

II. PREPARATION OF OILS AND GELATINES.

7. EXTRACTION OF WHALE-OIL.

INSTRUMENTS AND APPLIANCES OF RENDERING WHALE-
OIL. 4

Oil painting, by J. S. Ryder, Boston, Mass., “Cutting up a Finback
Whale in Provincetown, Harbor.” U.S. Fish Commission.
Try-pots.

25013. Model of whaler’s try-works. Capt. L. W. Howland, New Bedford,
Mass.

This model is accompanied by miniature models of all the implements
used in trying out the blubber, viz:
. Fire-pike.
. Stirring-pole.
. Scrap-hopper.
. Skimmer.
. Bailer.
Cooler.
. Deck-pot.
. Casks.

s~easoaosocma

8. EXTRACTION OF FISH-OILS.

26899. Model of menhaden oil factory. Owned by Joseph Church & Co.
Joseph Lawler, Bristol, Me.

The factory is the most elaborate of the sixty or more on the coast of
New England and the Middle States, and is 160 feet in length by 40 in
width.

39431. Photographs of A. W. Dodds’ Oil Works for trying out oil of halibut,
Gloucester. Capt. J. W. Collins.

Hl. MANUFACTURE OF FERTILIZERS.

9. PREPARATION OF GUANO.

MODEL OF FISH-GUANO WORKS.
Mixers.
25822. Model of guano-mixer. Patented April 27, 1°67. Poole & Hunt, Bal-
timore, Md.

This mixer is employed in the fish-guano werks for the purpose of
thoroughly mixing the fish-scrap with the mineral phosphates and sul-
phuric acid.

Guano in its various stages, with its ingredients, South Carolina phos-
phates, Navassa phosphates, scrap (crude and dried), sulphuric acid,
kainite, screened and unscreened guano, and seaweed used in prepara-
tion: a full series of these is exhibited in the case of Guanos. .

~~

SECTION HE.

ANIMAL PRODUCTS AND THEIR APPLICA-

TIONS.
I FOODS.

1. FOODS IN A FRESH CONDITION.

This section includes specimens of such marketable fishes in a fresh

condition in refrigerators as can conveniently be forwarded from time to
time. ;

2. FOODS: DRIED AND SMOKED.

DRY SALTED PREPARATIONS.

39435.

39436.

39362.

39424.

39425.

39349.

39439.

32707.
26750.

32795,

39473.

1 drum (200 Ibs.) large cod (Gadus morrhua). Franklin Snow & Co.,
Boston, Mass.

1 drum (100 lbs.) small cod. Franklin Snow & Co., Boston, Mass.

5 boxes ‘‘ Genuine George’s Bank Codfish.” H. K. & F. B, Thurber
& Co., New York City.

Package George’s codfish. A. Howard Clark, Gloucester, Mass.

Various brands of boneless codfish. Prepared by Gloucester firms.
A. Howard Clark, Gloucester, Mass.

2 cases (1 dozen each) ‘boneless cod,” in 5 pound boxes. Potter &
Wrightington, Boston, Mass.

Beardsley’s shredded codfish (2 cases, 30 lbs. each, in 11b. boxes). J.
W. Beardsley’s Sons, 179 West street, New York.

. Beardsley’s ‘‘ Beehive Brand boneless codfish” (2 boxes, 35 lbs. each).

J. W. Beardsley’s Sons.

Minced fish. Made from dry salt codfish. H. Mayo & Co., Boston.

Alden’s vapor-cured, snow-flaked, fresh cod-fish, put up in 1876. E,
G. Blackford.

Dried meat of abalone (Haliotis sp.). Santa Barbara, Cal. D.S&.
Jordan.

Dried and exported to China, as food, in large quantities.

Whale sinew, used for food by the Chinese. San Francisco, Cal. D,
S. Jordan.

SMOKED PREPARATIONS.

32796.

32797.

32798.

39353.

32698,

1 box (25 pounds) smoked halibut (Hippoglossus vulgaris). ‘‘ Green-
land halibut.” Wm. H. Wonson & Co., Gloucester, Mass.

1 box (25 pounds) ‘‘Grand Bank halibut.” Wm. H. Wonson & Co.,
Gloucester, Mass.

1 box (25 pounds) ‘‘ Newfoundland halibut.” Wm. H. Wonson & Co.,
Gloucester, Mass.

2 cases (2 dozen each) smoked halibut. Potter & Wrightington, Bos-
ton, Mass.

Smoked halibut. William Snyder, 24 Fulton st., New York.

Paragon herring. Henry Mayo & Co., Boston, Mass.

Smoked herring (Clupea harengus), deprived of skin and bones,

143

144 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

SMOKED PREPARATIONS.

39350. Boneless herring. 2 cases (3 dozen each). Potter & Wrightington,
Boston, Mass.
——-. Smoked herring, ‘‘Beckling Brand.” U. 8. Fish Commission.
Smoked herring. U.S. Fish Commission.
——. Smoked eels (Anguilla vulgaris). U.S. Fish Commission.
——. Smoked smelts (Osmerus mordax). 6 5-lb. cans. U. 8. Fish Com-
mission.
—-. Smoked haddock (Melanogrammus cglefinus), ‘“Finnan Haddies.”
William Snyder, 24 Fulton st., New York.
——-. Smoked shad (Alosa sapidissima). U.S. Fish Commission.
—-. Smoked Spanish mackerel (Cybium maculatum). U. S. Fish Com-
mission.
. Smoked mackerel (Scomber scombrus). U.S. Fish Commission.
39352. 2 cases (2 dozen each) smoked salmon. Potter & Wrightington,
Boston, Mass.
39440. Smoked bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix). U. 8. Fish Commission.
—. Beardsley’s ‘‘ Star Brand Boneless Herring” (2 cases, 2 doz. each).
J. W. Beardsley’s Sons, New York City.
——-~. Smoked sturgeon (Acipenser sp). U.S. Fish Commission.

PIOKLE OR BRINE SALTED PREPARATIONS.

32717. 1 half barrel extra large No. 1 mackerel (Scomber scombrus). 65 fish in
the package of 100 pounds. Boston, Mass. U.S. Fish Commission.

39355. 2 cases (1 dozen each), breakfast mess-mackerel in cans. Potter &
Wrightington, Boston, Mass.

39361. 1 case ‘‘ Whole fresh mackerel.” H. K. & F. B. Thurber & Co., New
York City.

39363. 1 kit ‘‘ Deep-sea mackerel.” H. K. & F. B. Thurber & Co., New York
City.

39364. 1 kit ‘‘One-pound faney mackerel.” H, K. & I. B. Thurber & Co.,
New York City.

39365. 1 kit ‘‘ Selected bloaters (mackerel).” H. K. & F. B. Thurber & Co.,
New York City. i

32702. “Perfection mackerel.” Henry Mayo & Co., Boston, Mass.

32703. ‘Paragon mackerel.” se a gi
32704. ‘‘ Breakfast mackerel.” eG 66 “
32711. Canned mackerel. ae 6 6

39441. American caviare. Max Ams & Co., 370 Greenwich st., New York.

39437, 2drums (1001bs.) hake (Phycis chuss and P. tenuis). Franklin Snow
& Co., Boston, Mass.

39438. 2 drums (100 lbs.) haddock (Melanogrammus eglefinus). Franklin
Snow, & Co., Boston, Mass.

39414. Box ‘Lion and Unicorn Brand” (30 pounds) boneless hake. Potter
& Wrightington, Boston, Mass.

PREPARATIONS IN SPICES AND VINEGAR, &c.

39341. 1 case (50 cans) sardines in mustard. Prepared from the herring
(Clupea harengus). Rosentein Brothers, 332 Greenwich street,
New York.

39342. 1 case (50 cans) sardines royales aromatiques. Prepared from the
herring (Clupea harengus). Rosentein Brothers, 3823 Greenwich
street, New York.

. FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 145

PREPARATIONS IN SPICES AND VINEGAR, &c.

39442. Sardines in mustard (Clupea harengus). Henry Sellman, Eastport, Me.

39444, Sardines in tomatoes, a e

29443. Sardines in spices. a eS

39445. Pickled eels (Anguilla vulgaris). Max Ams & Co., 370 Greenwich
st., New York City.

39411. Pickled eels, in jelly. S. Schmidt, New York City. (5-pound cans. )

39412. : oe if a (2-pound cans. )
39446. Pickled oysters (Ostrea virginica). (2 jars.) B. J. M. Carley, New York.
39447. Pickled Little Neck clams (Venus mercenaria). (2 jars.) “ s
39448. Pickled clams (Mya arenaria). (2 jars.) os ,

26575. Pickled scallops (Pecten irradians). Oyster Bay. (2 jars.) B. J. M.
Carley, New York City.

26580. Pickled mussels ( Mytilus edulis). (2jars.) East River, N. Y. B.J.
M. Carley, New York City. :

——.. Pickled’ oyster crabs (Pinnotheres ostreum). (2 jars.) B. J. M.
Carley, New York City.

39423. Ocean trout (Brevoortia tyrannus). Hoope & Coit, Port Monmouth,
ING yew (GE=7 GR)

PREPARATIONS IN OIL.

16609. ‘‘American sardines.” Prepared ‘a Vhuile” from the menhaden
(Brevoortia tyrannus). American Sardine Company, New York.
(1876.)

16680 ‘ American boneless sardines.” Prepared in olive oil from the men-
haden (Bvevoortia tyrannus). Process patented May 21, 1872.
American Sardine Company, New York. (1876.)

15516. ‘‘Shadines.” Prepared from the menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus).
Port Monmouth Fishery, New York. Hooper and Coit, New York.
(1876. )

COOKED PREPARATIONS IN CANS.

32701. Cod-fish balls (Gadus morrhua). Henry Mayo & Co., Boston, Mass.

32709. Fresh cod-fish (Gadus morrhua). 58

24923. Fresh cod-fish. William Underwood & Co., Boston, Mass. (1876.)

25273. Fresh haddock (Melanogrammus eglefinus). William Underwood
& Co. (1876.)

32701. Fresh cusk (Brosmius brosme). Henry Mayo & Co., Boston, Mass.

62705. Canned fish chowder (cod and haddock). — “ as

39157. ce “cc “cc e cc

39158. Canned mackerel (Scomber scombrus). Wm. Underwood, & Co., Bos-

[ton, Mass.

39152. ss a Franklin Snow & Co., Boston, Mass. -

39357. 1 case canned mackerel (Scomber scombrus), 1-nound cans. H. K. &
¥. B. Thurber, New York City. ag) SNS

39358. 1 case canned mackerel, 5-pound cans. H. K. & F. B. Thurber & Co.

26650. ‘‘Fresh Seguin Mackerel—Star Brand.” Portland, Packing Company,
Portland, Me. (1876.) 4

25855-60. Canned mackerel. Kemp, Day & Co., New. York. (1876.)

34922. Fresh mackerel. William Underwood, & Co., Bostgn.,.. (1876. )

39354. 2 cases (4 dozen each) fresh mackerel. Potter & Wrightington, Bos-
ton, Mass.

10 F - ak

146

COOKED PREPARATIONS IN CANS.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

32713. Canned mackerel (Scomber scombrus). 4 doz. 1 lb. cans. W. K.
Lewis & Bros., Boston, Mass.

_ 25271. Preserved fresh halibut (Hippoglossus vulgaris). Wm. Underwood

& Co., Boston, Mass. (1876.)

39449, Canned salmon (Salmo )e TH KS s&s VhurbertaeCor
ew York.

39450. Fresh Columbia River salmon (canned), (Salmo quinnat). “Star
Brand.” Eureka Packing Co., San Francisco. (4 doz. 11b. cans.)
H. M. Anthony, 104 Reade st., New York.

—-. Mackerel, No. 1. (1 box.) U.S. Fish Commission.

. Mackerel, No. 2. (1 box.) U.S. “ish Commission.

39360. 1 case canned salmon (Salmo sp.), l-pound cans. H. K. & F. B. Thur-
ber, New York City.

37715. Canned salmon (Salmo salar). 4 doz. 1 lb. cans. W. K. Lewis &
Bros., Boston, Mass.

24924. Fresh salmon. William Underwood & Co., Boston, Mass. (1876.)

26755. Fresh Columbia River salmon (Salmo quinnat), Brookfield, Columbia
River, W. T. J.G. Wegler & Co. (1876.)

39345. 1 case canned smelts (Osmerus mordax). Henry Mayo & Co., Boston,
Mass.

39422. Canned salmon (Salmo quinnat). A. Booth & Co., Chicago and San
Francisco. (1876.)

— Salmon. (1 box). U.S. Fish Commission.

Canned terrapin (.Malacoclenmys palustris). U.S. Fish Commission.

39356. Canned lobster (Homarus americanus). Lease. H. K. & F. B. Thurber,
New York City.

— Canned lobster. (2doz. 1 pound cans.) Kemp, Day & Co., 116 Wall

street, New York City.

39451. Canned lobster. Eastport Packing Co., Eastport, Me.

39160, Canned lobster. Wm. Underwood & Co., Boston, Mass. ;

32714. Canned lobster. (4 doz. 1 ponnd cans.) W. K. Lewis & Brothers,
Boston, Mass.

39351. 2 cases (4 dozen each) fresh lobster. Potter & Wrightington, Bos-
ton, Mass.

39343, Lobster (Royal Brand,) (1 case, 48 cans). Rosentein Brothers, 323
Greenwich street, New York.

—— ‘‘Egmont Bay lobster.” (1 box.) U.S. Fish Commission.

39154, Deviled lobster U.S. Fish Commission.

39156. Canned shrimps. 2 doz. cans. a

39344. “McMenamin & Co.’s Fresh Hard Crabs.” In two pound cans.
McMenamin & Co., Hampton, Va.

39452. ‘‘“McMenamin & Co.’s Fresh Deviled Crabs.” McMenamin & Co.,
Hampton, Va.

39453. Canned fresh hard crabs. Maryland Packing Co., Baltimore, Md.
(Packed at Oxford, Md.)

32712. Canned clams. 4 doz. 1 pound cans. W. K. Lewis & Brothers, Bos-
ton, Mass. .

32706. Canned clam chowder. Henry Mayo & Co., Boston, Mass.

39161, se ie Wm. Underwood & Co., Boston, Mass.
‘‘Soft clam chowder.” (2 jars.) B. J. M. Carley, New York City.
39359, 1 case canned oysters (Ostrea virginica), 2-pound cans. H. K. & F.

B. Thurber & Co., New York.
—— Canned oysters. (2 doz. 1 pound cans.) Solid meats. Kemp, Day
& Co., 116 Wall street, New York City.

| ; FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 147

COOKED PREPARATIONS IN CANS.

“Saddle Rock oysters.” (1 box.) U.S. Fish Commission.

26642. The Farmers’ Old Orchard Beach clams (Little Necks, star brand).
Portland Packing Company, Portland Me. (1876.)

25873. Scarboro’ Beach clams (Venus mercenaria). Put up by Burnham &
Morrill, Portland, Me. Kemp, Day & Co., New York. (1876.)

25864-6. Orchard Beach clams (Venus mercenaria). Kemp, Day & Co., New
York. (1876.)

25867-9. Little Neck clams (Venus mercenaria). Kemp, Day & Co., New
York. (1876.)

25870-2. Little Neck clams. Put up by Bogart & Co., New York. Kemp,
Day & Co., New York. (1876.)

24925. Little Neck clams. Wm. Underwood & Co., Boston, Mass. (1876.)

Little neck clams. (2 doz. 1 pound cans). Kemp, Day & Co., 116

Wall street, New York City.

Extract of fish.

26749. Extract of fish. Made from the juices of the flesh of fishes (menha-
den). SS. L. Goodale, Saco, Me.

eC Le EA Ge

3. FURS.
MAMMAL FURS.

Sea otter (Enhydra marina), used for muffs, gloves, collars, cuffs,
trimmings. :
12262. St. Paul’s Island, Alaska. H.W. Elliott.

Otter (Lutra canadensis), with specimens of the plucked and dyed
fur, used for muffs, trimmings, &e.

Fisher or Pekan (Justela Pennanti), used for linings.
2000. Fort Steiiacom, W. T. Dr. George Suckley.
Mink (Putorius vison), used for cloaks and muffs.
4395. Arctic coast. B. R. Ross.
2808. White River. Puget Sound. Dr. George Suckley.
Fur seal (Callirhinus ursinus), used for cloaks, hats, gloves, muffs,
linings, trimmings, We.

26610, Unplucked pelt of fur seal. Alaska. Alaska Commercial Company.

26611. Plucked a a s ce
26612. Plucked and dressed pelt of fur seal. Alaska. cs
26613. Plucked and dyed pelt of fur seal. Alaska- ae

Musquash (Fiber zibethicus) used for muffs, capes, caps and linings,
and imitations of beaver fur. Eastern States. U. 8S. National
Museum.

Beaver (Castor canadensis), used for linings and muffs.

1230. Spotted albino. Bristol Bay, Alaska.
12506. White albino. U.S. National Museum.

148 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED S1ATES.

Ill. MATERIALS EMPLOYED IN THE ARTS AND MAN-
UFACTURES.
* Hard materials.

4. IVORY AND BONE.

IVORY OF MAMMALS.

Tusks of walrus used for trinkets, handles, jewelry, buttons, paper-
knives, counters, Wc.

25656. Tusks of walrus (Rosmarus obesus), Alaska, C. H. Crandall.

11751. Tusks of walrus. Repulse Bay. C. F. Hall.

16174. Teeth of young walrus (Rosmarus obesus), Used in making powder
chargers. Nunivak Island, Alaska. W. H. Dall.

24819. Ivory of walrus in rough state. Joseph Shardlow, New York.

24887. Scrimshawed tooth of walrus (Rosmarus). (Figure of lady). Geo.
Y. Nickerson, New Bedford, Mass.

2631. Handle of walrus ivory. Northwest coast America. United States
Exploring Expedition. Capt. Chas. Wilkes, U.S. N.

24815-6 Cane handles of walrus ivory. Joseph Shardlow, New York.

24812. Chain and cross of walrus ivory. a bs
24814. Knobs of walrus ivory. it “6
24813. Searf-slide of walrus ivory. es a
24817-18. Sword handles of walrus ivory. ce ne
24820-21-22. Knife handles of walrus ivory. st ee
24823. Crochet-needles of walrus ivory. ce

Ivory of narwhal (JMonodon monoceros), used for canes.

18521. Cane made from tusk of narwhal. Eskimos of North Greenland.
F. T. Commagere.

Teeth of sperm-whale (Physeter macrocephalus) and their application
to the manufacture of balls, buttons, and trinkets.

24906-8. Teeth of sperm-whale, polished. J. H. Clark, Newport, R. I.

15290, ve ee G. Y. Nickerson, New Bedford, Mass.

24905. Tooth of sperm-whale. Scrimshawed and mounted as watch case,
figure of American eagle. J. H. Clark, Newport, R. I.

24904, Tooth of sperm-whale. Scrimshawed with figure of crucifix and
flowers. J. H. Clark, Newport, R. I.

24901. Tooth or sperm-whale. Scrimshawed with figure of whaling-ship.
J. H. Clark, Newport, R. I.

24902. Tooth of sperm-whale. Scrimshawed with figure of America in
colors. J. H. Clark, Newport, R. I.

7659. Tooth of sperm-whale. Scrimshawed with this legend: ‘Taken *
by *® {hés** ship *! Montreal * of * BRondow *“Gie* thé*7Paelfic *
Ocean * from:* a;* one * hundred, * barrel.* whale *. — * —
1835 *.” Mas.Dove;, Washington, D.,C., 1842.

.
‘

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES, 149
IVORY OF MAMMALS.

Teeth of the sperm whale—Continued.

24888. Tooth of sperm-whale. Scrimshawed with figure of General Wash-
ington and American eagle. Geo. Y. Nickerson, New Bedford,
Mass.

24836. Balls turned from teeth of sperm-whale. Joseph Shardlow, New
York.

IVORY OF REPTILES.

Teeth of alligator used for jewelry, whistles, cane-handles, buttons,
&e.

26895. Jewelry manufactured from teeth of alligator (Alligator mississippi-
ensis). FE. F. Gilbert, Jacksonville, Fla.
An extensive trade in alligator teeth has sprung up within the last ten
years. Ten establishments in Eastern Florida are engaged in their man-
ufacture into fancy articles.

BONE OF MAMMALS.

Parts of splanchno-skeleton of ferse, used as charms.
®
9476. ‘Os mirabilis” of walrus. Alaska. Gen. Geo, H. Thomas, U. S. A.

Sperm-whale jaw-bone, used for harness-rings, martingales, We.
29374. Sperm-whale jaw-bone in crude state.
29232-5. Parasol-handles made from sperm-whale’s jaw. Harvey & Ford,

Philadelphia.

24909. Chopping-knife. Made from jaw of sperm-whale. Prof. 8. F. Baird.

25791. Sail-thimble. Made from bone of whale. J. W. Foster, Beverly,
Mass.

25793. Seam-rubber. Used by sail-makers to rub along seams. Made from
jaw-bone of sperm-whale. Frank Westerberger, Beverly, Mass.

25650. Sail-maker’s hand-fid. Made at sea from jaw-bone of sperm-whale.
A. R. Crittenden, Middletown, Conn.

25655. Saw-frame. Made at sea from bone of sperm-whale. J. H. Bartlett
& Sons, New Bedford, Mass.

25801. Pulley. Made from jaw-bone of sperm-whale. E. H. Cook, Proy-
incetown, Mass.

25649. Pulley-block. Made at sea from jaw-bone of sperm-whale. A. R.
Crittenden, Middletown, Conn.

25713. Seine-needle. Made from jaw-bone of sperm-whale. N. H. Payne,
Wellfleet, Mass.

BONE OF FISHES.

Bone of sword-fish.
25675. Sword. Made from sword of sword-fish (Xiphias gladius).

5. BALEEN.
WHALEBONE IN AN UNMANUFACTURED STATE.
39235. Slab of whalebone. J. H. Bartlett & Sons, New Bedford, Mass. U.
S. Fish Commission.

7494, Whalebone. Anderson River Eskimos. Mackenzie’s River district.
R. MacFarlane.

150

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

WHALEBONE IN AN UNMANUFACTURED STATE.

24950.

24946.

24945.

24941.

24940.

24951,

24943,

24942,
24943.
24944,
24947.
24952.
24949,

24938.
24973.
24967.
24966.
24935.

24934.

24937,

24936.

24972.

24980.
24981.
24963.
24979.
24975.
24983.
24959.
24954.
24984.
24961.
24964.
24968.
24969,

24953.

24960.

24957.
24971.

24985.

Dress-bone. Whalebone prepared for dress-makers’ use. J. A.
Sevey, Boston, Mass.

Whalebone. Prepared for suspender-makers’ use. J. A. Sevey, Bos-

ton, Mass.

Whalebone. Prepared for bonnet-makers’ use. J. A. Sevey, Boston,
Mass. :

Whalebone. Prepared for umbrella-makers’ use. J. A. Sevey, Bos-
ton, Mass.

Whalebone. Prepared for parasol-makers’ use. J. A. Sevey, Bos-
ton, Mass.

Gross dress-bone. Whalebone prepared for dress-makers’ use. J. A.
Sevey, Boston, Mass.

White dress-bone. Whalebone (white) prepared for dress-makers’
use. J. A.Sevey, Boston, Mass.

. Whalebone. Prepared for brush-makers’ use. J. A. Sevey, Boston,

[ Mass.
Whalebone. Prepared for ribbon-weavers’ use. ee ce
Whalebone. Prepared for hat-makers’ use. ee be
Whalebone. Prepared for cap-makers’ use. Ee ce
Whalebone. Prepared for neck-stock-makers’ use. “‘ ut
Whalebone. Prepared for corset-makers’ use. ee be

Round dress-bone. Whalebone prepared for dress-makers’ use. J.
A. Sevey, Boston, Mass.

Whalebone cane. Black and white, twisted. J. A. Sevey. Boston,
[ Mass.
Whalebone boot-shanks, cs ag
Whalebone tongue-scrapers. &
cc“ “ec

Whalebone probang.
Whalebone riding-whip, made of black and white whalebone,
twisted. J. A. Sevey, Boston, Mass.

Whalebone riding-whip. J. A. Sevey, Boston, Mass.
Whalebone cane. Plain. fe <
Whalebone cane. Twisted. s nS
Whalebone graining-comb. Used by painters. J. A. Sevey, Boston,
{ Mass.
Whalebone caterpillar-brush. ce oe
Whalebone shavings. - *
Whalebone back-supporter. < ‘a
Whalebone flue-brush. aS i
Whalebone-fiber shoe-brush. oe re
Whalebone. Sample. ss rs
Whalebone divining-rod. ee e
Whalebone hip busk-bone. ms i
Whalebone. Price-list samples. a Wa
Whalebone busk. ae a
Whalebone fore-arm bones. Artificial. “s is
Whalebone plait-raiser. ee
Whalebone penholder. “ a
Whalebone corset-clasps. $ s
Whalebone drill-bow. ae e
Whalebone billiard-cushion springs, “ ie
Whalebone paper-cutter, § ie
Whalebone rule. BS nee
4

WHALEBONE IN AN UNMANUFACTURED STATE.

nn
bt

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 1

£4860. Whalebone and rattan whip-stalk. Finished, ready for covering.
American Whip Company, Westfield, Mass.

24859. Whalebone and rattan. Fitted ready for sticking together for whip-
stalk. American Whip Company, Westfield, Mass.

24982. Whalebone. Prepared for whip-makers’ use (patent). J.A. Sevey,
Boston, Mass.

24959. . =

6. PLATES.

TORTOISE-SHELL (Fretmochelys squamata, Linn.).

12387-8-9-90. Tortoise-shell (Hretmochelyssquamata, Linn.). Pacific hawk’s-
bill turtle. Pacific coast.
24890. Commercial tortoise-shell. George Y. Nickerson, New Bedford, Mass.

7. SCALES.

SCALES OF FISHES used in ornamental work, with specimens of
flowers and other articles manufactured.

Fish-seale jewelry. F. C. Keergaard & Co., Philadel-
phia, Pa. :

25480. Seales of sheepshead (Archosargus probatocephalus).
25481. Scales of sheepshead (Archosargus probatocephalus). Prepared for

use.
25482. Brooch and ear-rings. ss #6
25483. Spray of flowers. Re “se .
25484. Spray of flowers. ss iL

+ 25485. Spray of flowers. es cf
25486. Spray of flowers. % =
25487. Spray of flowers (dyed). ‘ se
25488. Necklace and cross. sf a
20489. Brooch and ear-rings. os 3

25490. Brooch and ear-rings (dyed) (Archosargus probatocephalus).
8. PEARL.

PEARLS AND NACRE (embracing the pearl-yielding shells, with the
pearls and the mother-o’-pearl in the rough state, with the manufac-
tured buttons, handles, and jewelry, pearl-powder, inlaid work, and
papier-maché, ornamented with mother-o’-pearl.

32830. Turban-shell (Trochiscus norrissii). California. H. Hemphill.

32832. Top-shell (Pomaulax undosum), in natural state. California. H.
Hemphill.

32831. Top-shell, prepared to show pearly layers. California, H. Hemp-
hill.

29301. Manufactured state of various kinds of American pearl-shells derived
from gasteropods or sea-snails. Furnished by A. B. De Frece &
Co., 428 Broadway, New York.

152 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

PEARLS AND NACRE.

Ear-shells (Haliotide) used in manufacture of buttons, handles.
inlaid work, and pearl powder.

32832. Sea-ears (Haliotis Kamchatkana), affording pearl-shell and food.
Alaska. J. G. Swan.

32890. Rough sea-ear (H. corrugata). Southern California. Used for pearl,
shell and for food. Specimen in natural condition. W.H. Dall.

——. Roughsea-ear. Specimen eround and polished to show pearly layers.
J. 0s Ames.

32900. Red sea-ear or abalone (H.rufescens). Monterey, Cal. Used for
pearl-shell and for food. Specimens in natural condition. H.
Hemphill.

——. Red sea-ear. Polished specimen showing pearly layers. J.T. Ames.

——. Red sea-ear. Fleshy portion prepared and dried for food by Cali-
fornia Chinese. Chinese market, California. H. Hemphill.

32823. White abalone (/. cracherodii), producing pearl-shell and food. Nat-
ural state. California. Paul Schumacher.

32899. White abalone. Natural state. Monterey, Cal. H. Hemphill.

. White abalone. Polished to show pearly layers. Jas. T. Ames,

4792, White abalone. Polished specimens.

32821. Splendid sea-ear (H. splendens), affording food and pearl-shell. Cali-
fornia. Paul Schumacher.

32898. Splendid sea-ear. Natural condition. Southern California. H.
Hemphill.

——. Splendid sea-ear. Polished to show pearly layers. J.T. Ames.

——. Splendid sea-ear. Young specimen polished. J.T. Ames.

29302. Manufactures of Haliotis shell, showing application in the arts.
Furnished by A. B. De Frece & Co., 428 Broadway, New York.

29248. Ditto. Parasol-handles. Furnished by Harvey & Ford, Philadel-
phia, Pa.

Pearl-oysters (Aviculide), with pearls and nacre.
13507. American pearl-oyster (J. fimbriata). Panama. Colonel Jewett.
3624, Ditto. Illustrating formation of pearls. Panama. Colonel Jewett.
32836. Ditto. Gulf of California. J. Xantus. ,
. Ditto. Polished shell. Chicopee, Mass. Jas. T. Ames.
32921. Ditto. Made into artificial fish-bait. Boston, Mass. Bradford &
Anthony.
32922, Ditto. Made into artificial minnow. Boston, Mass. Bradford &
Anthony.
——. Series of buttons, studs, stopper-caps, &c. Manufactured from, and
showing application of, American pearl-oyster shell. Furnished
by A. B. De Frece & Co., 428 Broadway, New York.

River mussels (Unionidae), with pearls and naere.

26092a. River mussel affording pearl-shell, illustrating application of raw
material. Cincinnati, Ohio. D. H. Shaffer.
26092. Carvings, from pearl-shell afforded by river mussels, for use as studs,
buttons, pins, brooches, &c. Cincinnati, Ohio. D. H. Shaffer.
26092b. Pearls derived from river mussels. Cincinnati, Ohio. D.H. Shaffer.
. Aseries of river mussels of various species, one valve polished, the
other in its original condition in each case. Chicopee, Mass, Jas.
T. Ames.

,

PEARLS AND NACRE.

- FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 153

Mussels, oysters, and other conchifers supplying pearls and nacre,
Shells of nautilus and argonaut, prepared to exhibit their nacre.
Ornamental pearl-work, imitating sprays of flowers, &e.

Imitation pearls.

9. SHELL.
CAMEO SHELL.

Shell of conch (Strombus gigas), and carvings.

——. Queen conch (Strombus gigas), exported to Liverpool in great num-
bers and ground up for making porcelain. -West Indies.

Shell of helmet (Cassis rufa, C. tuberosa, and C. madagascariensis),
with carvings.

6958. Cameo-shell (Cassis rufa), used for cameo cutting. Florida. Dr.
Win. Stimpson.

SHELLS USED FOR IMPLEMENTS,’ &c.

Shells of Cyprea, Rotella, Oliva, Turritella, Phasianella (Venetian
shells), &c., mounted as buttons and jewelry.

Composition shell-work for box-covers and frames, made by gluing
shells in mosaic.

29527. Basket. Made from Florida shells. E. F. Gilbert, Jacksonville, Fla.

22210. Basket. Made from Florida shells. Mrs. Mott, Jacksonville, Fla.

22209. Frame. Made from Florida sea-shells. Mrs. C. E. Mott, Jackson-
ville, Fla.

22211. Easter Cross. Made from Florida shells. Mrs. Mott, Jacksonville.

29526. Shell flowers. Made from Florida shells. E. F. Gilbert, Jackson-
ville, Fla.

Cuttle-fish bone from Sepia officinalis, used as a pounce, as a denti-
frice, as polishing powders, for taking fine impressions in counter-
feiting, and as food for birds.

32905. Sepia ‘‘bone,” or endosteum, in natural condition. East coast of the
United States. Uses: Fed to cage-birds requiring lime.

32905a. Pounce: Powdered sepia-bone; used in rewriting over erasures to
prevent blotting, in medicine as an antacid.

33005. Cuttle-fish (Octopus punctatus, Gabb). Califernia to Alaska. Used
for bait in the cod-fishery, and by natives as food. Mr. Dall.

Concretions from the stomach of Astacus, known as “crab’s-eyes”
and “ecrab-stones,” and used as antacids.

orrs

doo20. ‘*Crabs-eyes.” U. 8. Fish Commission.

Shell of king-erab (Limulus polyphemus), used as a boat-bailer.

154 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

10. OTHER MATERIALS FROM INVERTEBRATES.
** Flexible materials.

11, LEATHERS. (Embracing the hides in a rough state, in the various
stages of dressing, and manufactured into shoe-leather, parch-
ment, vellum, binders’ leather, thongs, Wc.)

PREPARED FROM REPTILE SKINS.

Alligator leather,

16810. Salted skin of alligator ( Alligator mississippiensis). Upper Saint John’s
River, Florida. G. Brown Goode.

16810. Tanned skin of alligator. Upper Saint John’s River, Florida. G.
Brown Goode.

24796. Cigar-case, made from skin of alligator (Alligator mississippiensis).
‘Russet finish.” Schayer Bros., Boston, Mass.

24702. Lady’s satchel, made from skin of alligator (Alligator mississippiensis).
‘‘Russet finish.” Schayer Bros., Boston, Mass.

24793. Slippers, made from the skin of alligator (Alligator mississippiensis).
‘‘Russet finish.” Schayer Bros., Boston, Mass.

24794. Slippers, made from skin of alligator (Alligator mississippiensis).
‘* Black finish.” *Schayer Bros., Boston, Mass.

26068. Riding-boots, made from skin of alligator (Alligator mississippiensis).
H. & A. Mahrenholz, New York City.

———. Gaiters made from skin of the alligator (Alligator mississippiensis).
H. & A. Mahrenholz, New York City.

PREPARED FROM FISH-SKINS.

Skins of eels (Anguilla vulgaris).
25285. Eel-skins. Market, Washington, D. C. G. Brown Goode.
These eel-skins are highly esteemed by the Virginia negroes as a
cure for rbeumatism.

Sturgeon leather.
26013. Tanned skin of sturgeon (Acipenser rubicundus). Wernich & Wan-
del, Waukegan, I].
Cod-fish leather.
Salmon leather.
12. ISINGLASS.

Tsinglass (ichthyocolla), made from air-bladders and skins of fishes
and used in the manufacture of fine glues and sizes, adhesive and
court plasters, diamond cement, imitation glass, and table-jelly
and confectionery (see under D 1, D), in refining wines and liquors,
in adulterating milk, in fixing the luster of artificial pearls, and
in lustering silk ribbons (embracing the dried bladders and the
manufactured products) in their grades of “lyre,” “heart-shaped,”
“leaf,” and “ book” isinglass.

Isinglass from sounds of cod and hake.

39162. Isinglass. (1st quality.) Haskins Bros., Boston, Mass.
39163, Isinglass. (2d quality.) fs te ee oe
39164, Isinglass. (3d quality.) ny se oe ef

-

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 155

PREPARED FROM FISH-SKINS.

Isinglass from sounds of cod and hake—Continued.
12155. Dried sound of hake (Phycis chuss). Used in manufacture of isinglass.

Bay of Fundy. Cape Ann Isinglass and Glue Company, Rockport,
Mass.

. 15 bundles fish isinglass, made from hake (Phycis chuss). Howe &
French, Boston, Mass.

. Dried tongues of fish (probably cod), used by Sitka Indians in mak-
ing glue. Sitka, Alaska. J. G. Swan. ?

. “Diamond” isinglass. W.G. Roby & Co., Boston, Mass.

. “Banner” isinglass. W. G. Roby & Co., Boston, Mass.

‘‘American” isinglass. W.G. Roby & Co., Boston, Mass.

. Fining compound. W. G. Roby & Co., Boston, Mass.

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Isinglass from the squeteague family (Scicnide), principally used
by confectioners.

12127. Dried sound of squeteague (Cynoscion regalis), used in the manufac-
ture of isinglass. Long Island Sound. Cape Ann Isinglass and
Glue Company, Rockport, Mass.

32726. Exhibit of Gloucester Isinglass and Glue Co.

No. 1.—Sample show ease filled with fine isinglass manufactured under
John S. Rogers’ patent process from salt fish skins, used for the manufac-
ture of court plaster. See sample of same on exhibition, Nos. 14 and 15,
by A. I. Woodbury & Co., of Boston, Mass., and Dr. C. B. Robbins, of
Worcester, Mass.

No. 2.—Sample of dry isinglass or glue manufactured by the Gloucester
Isinglass and Glue Company, under John 8. Rogers’ patent process, from
salt fish skins, used for the manufacture of leather belting, card belting,
and roll cots. See samples No. 8. from J. 8S. Ambrose & Co., of Boston,
Mass. ; No. 18, sample from Shultz Belting Company, St. Louis, Mo.; No.
9, sample from Underwood Belting Company, Tolland, Conn.; No. 19,
sample from W. F. Forepaugh, Jr., & Bro., Philadelphia, Pa.; No. 20,
sample of leather belting, from I. B. Williams & Son, Dover, N. H.; No.
11, sample case of roll-cots from C. B. Bradley, Manchester, N. H.

No. 3.—Sample of dry fish skins as prepared by the Gloucester Isinglass
and Glue Company, under J. S. Rogers’ patent process, from salt fish skins,
for the manufacture of dry isinglass glue and liquid isinglass.

No. 4.—Samples of thick liquid isinglass, manufactured by the Glou-
cester Isinglass and Glue Company, under J. Rogers’ patent process, used
for leather belting, roll-cots, &c. See sample work No. 10, T, K. Earle &
Co., Worcester, Mass., also H. W. Ladd, of Boston, Mass. Warranted to
keep sweet one year in liquid form.

No. 5.—Sample of liquid isinglass for adhesive paper, manufactured by
the Gloucester Isinglass and Glue Company, under John 8. Rogers’ pro-
cess. See sample of work, labels and book, No. 12, Henry H. Woodbury
& Co., Woodstock, Vt.; gummed paper, No. 13, from George W. Brooks,
No. 15 Kilby street, Boston, Mass. Samples of work, No. 16, done by the
Dennison Manufacturing Company, No. 19 Milk street, Boston, Mass.,
gum paper, gum label, &c.

Sample of work, No. 17, serap-books and letter file, from D. Slote &
Co., Nos. 119 and 121 William street, New York City.

No. 6.—Sample of isinglass mucilage, manufactured by the Gloucester
Isinglass and Glue Company, for adhesive purposes. Price 50 cents per
quart, $1.25 per gallon, warranted to keep one year.

156 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

PREPARED FROM FISH-SKINS.

32726. Exhibit of Gloucester Isinglass and Glue Co.—Continued.
No. 7.—Sample of stock before prepared, as used by the Gloucester Isin-
glass and Glue Company.
39445. Glue made from the heads of cod-fish. (Gadus morrhua.) Benjamin
Robinson, East Gloucester, Mass.

Exhibit of fish glues. Russia Cement Company, Rockport, Mass.
13. GELATINE.
Prepared from Carrageen or Irish Moss (Chondrus crispus.)

32722. Specimens of Irish Moss (commercial). C. A. Cole, Scituate, Mass.
a. Moss as it comes from the rocks.
b. ‘ partly bleached.
ce. ‘ bleached for market.

14. SPONGES.!

SPECIMENS OF AMERICAN COMMERCIAL SPONGES (with
the different grades, and bleached sponges).

32691. Yellow sponge (S. agaricina, Pall., sub. sp. corlosia, D. & M., var.
fusca). Apalachicola, Fla. Silas Stearns. ;

32690. Yellow sponge (S. agaricina, Pall., sub. sp. corlosia, D. & M., var.
fusca). Apalachicola, Fla. Silas Stearns.

32692. Yellow sponge (S. agaricina, Pall., sub. sp. corlosia, D. & M., var.
fusca). Apalachicola, Fla. Silas Stearns.

32684, Sheep’s-wool sponge (S. equina, Schm., sub. sp. gossypina, D. & M.,
var. alba). Apalachicola, Fla. Silas Stearns.

32688. Grass sponge (S. equina, Schm., sub. sp. cerebriformis, D. & M., var.
caliciformis). Apalachicola, Fla. Silas Stearns. (Of no commer-
cial value.)

31686. Grass sponge (S. equina, Schm., sub. sp. cerebriformis, D. & M., var.
caliciformis). Apalachicola, Fla. Silas Stearns. (Of no commer-
cial value. )

32677. ‘‘Sea-cap” sponge (Hiscinia campana, Udo., var. typica, A. H.).
Apalachicola, Fla. Silas Stearns. (Of no commercial value.)

32685. Yellow sponge (S. agaricina, Pall., sub. sp. corlosia, D. & M., var.
fusca). Apalachicola, Fla. Silas Stearns.

32668. Bahama yellow sponge (8. agaricina, Pall., sup. sp. corlosia, var.
fusca). Very coarse sup. variety. A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32680. Bahama dark color reef sponge (8. officinalis, Linn., sub. sp. tubuli-
Sera, D. & M., disciformis). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32665. Bahama light color reef sponge (S. officinalis, Linn., sub. sp. tubu-
lifera, var. rotunda). <A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32652. Florida sheep’s wool sponge (S. equina, Schm., sub. sp. gossypina,
var. alba). <A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32674. Florida honey-comb sponge (S. equina, Schm., sub. sp. cerebriformis,
var. caliciformis). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

——. Bahama honey-comb sponge (S. equina, Schm., sub. sp. cerebri-
formis, var. plana). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32058. Island of Cuba sheep’s wool sponge (S. equinad, Schm., sub. sp.
gossypina, D. & M., var. ). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

SPECIMENS. OF AMERICAN COMMERCIAL SPONGES (with
the different grades, and bleached sponges).

ie FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. ToT

Or

32670, Bahama sheep’s wool sponge (8. equina, Schin., sub. sp. gossypina,
var. alba). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32677, Bahama velvet sponge (S. equina, Schin., sup. sp. mandriniformis, D.
et M.). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32664. Large Bahama globe sponge (8. officinalis, Linn., sup. sp. tubulifera,
var. disciformis). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32676. Florida sheep’s wool sponge (S. equina, Schiwm., sub. sp. gossypina,
var. solitaria). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32661. Bahama dark color reef sponge (8. oficinalis, Linn., sup. sp. tubu-
lifera, D. et M., var. rotunda). A. Isaaes & Co., New York.

32671. Bahaina honey-comb sponge (S. equina, Schm., sub. sp. cerebriformis,
var. obscura). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32666. Bahama light color reef sponge (8. officinalis, Linn., sup. sp. tubuli-
Sera, var. disciformis). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32682. Bahama sheep’s-wool sponge (S.equina, sup. sp. gossypina, var, hir-
suta). A. Isaacs & Co.,New York.

32654. Island of Cuba sheep’s-wool sponge (S. equina, Schm., sup. sp. gos-
sypina, var. alba). A. Isaaes & Co., New York.

32655. Bahama dark color reef sponge (S. officinalis, Linn., sub. sp. (ubuli-
Fera, D. & M., var. rolunda).

32653. Bahama sheep’s-wool sponge (S. ¢quina, Schm., sup. sp. gossypina,
var. alba). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32683. Sponge (S. equina, Schm., sup. sp. gossypina, D. & M., barbara). A.
Isaacs & Co., New York.

32667. Florida honey-comb sponge (S. equina, Schm., sup. sp. cerebriformis,
var. caliciformis). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32662. Large Bahama dog-head sponge (S. agaricina, Pall., sup. sp. punctata).
A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32660. Small Bahama dog-head sponge (S. agaricina, Pall., sup. sp. punctata).
A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32678. Florida sheep’s-wool sponge (S. equina, Schm., sup. sp. gossypina, var.
alba). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32681. Florida honey-comb sponge (Spongia equina, Schm., sup. sp. cerebri-
formis, D. & M., var. caliciformis). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32656. Florida yellow sponge (S. agaricina, sup. sp. corlosia, var. fusca). A.
Isaacs & Co., New York.

32657. Bahama yellow sponge (S. agaricina, Pall., sup. sp. punctata, var.
densa). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

32663. Bahama velvet sponge (S. equina, Schm., sup. sp. gossypina, var. bar-
bara). A. Isaacs & Co., New York.

Sponges used in surgery.
3213a. Sponge prepared for use as lint in surgery. Wm. B. Moses, Wash-

ington, D. C.

15. OILS AND FATS.
MAMMAL OILS.

Seal-oil, in its various grades, used for lubricating.
25979. Oil of harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). Capt. N. E. Atwood, Province-
.town, Mass.
Sea-elephant oil.

39273. Natural sea-elephant oil (Macrorhinus leonina). Jasper Pryor, New
York,

158

MAMMAL OILS.

Sea-elephant oil—Continned.
39274.

95057.

25058.

35548.

30549,

Oil from body of whales, grampuses, and porpoises used in the arts,
for lubricating, painting, We.

25054.

25055.
25056.

26038.

39460.

39461.

24894,

39263.

39264.
39265.
39266.
39279.
24895.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Bleached sea-elephant oil (Macrorhinus leonina). Jasper Pryor, New
York.

Oil of sea-elephant (Macrorhinus, sp-). Haven, Williams & Co., New
London, Conn.

Oil of sea-elephant (Macrorhinus leonina). South Georgia Island.
Haven, Williams & Co., New London, Conn.

Natural winter sea-elephant oil (MWacrorhinus leonina).

Bleached winter sea-elephant oil (Macrorhinus leonina).

Oil of humpback whale (Megaptera, sp.). Atlantic Ocean. Haven,
Williams & Co., New London, Conn. ‘
Oil of right-whale. Haven, Williams & Co., New London, Conn.
Oil of sulphur-bottom whale (Sibbaldius, sp.). Haven, Williams &
Co., New London, Conn.
Oil of beluga (Delphinapterus catodon). Renfrew & Co., Quebec.
Oil from body of beluga (Delphinapterus catodon). Caleb Cook,
Provincetown, Mass.
Oil from jaw of beluga (Delphinapterus catodon). Caleb Cook,
Provincetown, Mass.
Crude arctic whale oil. George Delano & Co.
Crude whale oil, ‘‘northern.” Jasper Pryor, New York.
Crude whale oil, ‘‘southern.” Jasper Pryor, New York.
Natural whale oil. Jasper Pryor, New York.
Bleached whale oil. Jasper Pryor, New York.
Extra bleached whale oil. Jasper Pryor, New York.
Bleached ‘* winter” sperm-oil, from the sperm-whale (Physeter ma-
crocephalus). George Delano & Co., New Bedford, Mass.

2. Whale oil, ‘‘foots.” Jasper Pryor, New York.
3. Oil of grampus (Grampus griseus). Extracted by exposure to the sun.

E. E. Small, Provincetown, Mass.

25737. ‘‘ Pressed” oil of grampus (Grampus griseus). E. E. Small, Province-
town, Mass.

25967. Oil of cowfish. Capt. N. E. Atwood, Provincetown, Mass.

25958. Oil of porpoise. Marvin Brothers & Bartlett, Portsmouth, N. H.

25738. Oil of porpoise (Lagenorhynchus leucopleurus). Extracted by exposure
tothe sun. E. E, Small, Provincetown, Mass.

25974, Oil of porpoise (Delphinus erebennus?). Capt. N. E. Atwood, Proy-
incetown, Mass.

26037. Oil of harbor porpoise (Phocena americana). Passamaquoddy Bay,
Maine. George H. Peabody, Eastport, Me.

25739. Oil of snuffer (Phocena americana). Extracted by exposure to the
sun. E. E. Small, Provincetown, Mass.

39220. Bleached ‘‘ winter” whale oil. J. H. Bartlett & Sons, New Bed-
ford, Mass.

39221. Crude “southern” whale oil. J. H. Bartlett & Sons, New Bedford,
Mass.

39223. Crude arctic whale oil. J. H. Bartlett & Sons, New Bedford, Mass.

35050, Natural winter whale oil.

39051. Bleached winter whale oil.

-

MAMMAL OILS.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 159

Oil from whales and porpoises—Continued.

39224, Whale oil ‘‘ foots.” J. H. Bartlett & Sons, New Bedford, Mass.

26076. Oil of black-fish (Globicephalus intermedius). North American Oil
Campany, Wellfleet, Mass.

25741. Oil of black-fish (Globicephalus intermedius). FE. E. Small, Province-
town, Mass.

250564. Refined oil of black-fish (Globicephalus intermedius). Cape Cod.
Capt. Caleb Cook, Provincetown, Mass.

25065. Double refined oil of black-fish (Globicephalus intermedius). Cape
Cod. Capt. Caleb Cook, Provincetown, Mass.

25977. Oil from body of black-fish (Globicephalus intermedius). Capt. N. E.
Atwood, Provincetown, Mass.

Black-fish and porpoise-jaw oil used in lubricating fine machinery,
watches, clocks, and guns, with specimens of blubber.

25742. Oil from head of black-fish (Globicephalus intermedius). Extracied
by exposure to the sun. E. E. Small, Provincetown, Mass.

25968. Oil from head of black-fish (Globicephalus intermedius). Sold as ‘‘ por-
poise-jaw oil.” Capt. Caleb Cook, Provincetown, Mass.

25984. Oil from head of black-fish (G/lobicephalus intermedius). Sold as ‘ por-
poise-jaw oil.” Capt. N. E. Atwood, Provincetown, Mass.

39436. Oil of black-fish (Globicephalus intermedius). A. W. Dodd & Co.,
Gloucester, Mass.

25969. Oil from jaw of porpoise. Capt. N. E. Atwood, Provincetown, Mass.

26035-6. Oil from head of harbor-porpoise (Phocena americana). Passama-
quoddy Bay. Geo. A. Peabody, Eastport, Me.

25066. Jaw-oil of black-fish (Globicephalus intermedius). Cape Cod. Capt.
Caleb Cook, Provincetown, Mass.

39458. Watch oil. Caleb Cook, Provincetown, Mass.

39459. Clock oil. Caleb Cook, Provincetown, Mass.

Grampus-oil used for lubricating fine machinery.

25733. Oil from head of grampus (Grampus griseus). Extracted by exposure
to the sun. FE. E. Smali, Provincetown, Mass.

Sperm-oil used in lamps, for lubricating, as an emollient in medi-
cine, for lip-salves, and in the manufacture of spermaceti.

39260. Crude sperm-oil from sperm-whale (Physeter macrocephalus). Jasper
Pryor, New York. >

39251. Natural sperm-oil from sperm-whale (Physeter macrocephalus). Jas-
per Pryor, New York.

39262. Bleached sperm-oil. From sperm-whale (Physeter macrocephalus). Jas-
Pryor, New York.

39217. Crude ‘‘body” sperm-oil from sperm-whale (Physeter macrocephalus).
J. H. Bartlett & Sons, New Bedford, Mass.

39218. Crude ‘‘ head” sperm-oil trom sperm-whale (Physeter macrocephalus).
J. H. Bartlett & Sons, New Bedford, Mass.

39219. Bleached winter sperm-oil from the sper1i-whale (Physeter macro-

cephalus). J. H. Bartlett & Sons, New Bedford, Mass.
. Natural winter sperm-oil.
. Bleached winter sperm-oil.

ae
wa

Go
or ou
on
=
at

160 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

MAMMAL OILS.

Spermaceti, with specimens of candles.
39283. Spermaceti. Jasper Pryor, New York.
——. Spermaceti. J. H. Bartlett & Sons, New Bedford, Mass.
39393. Patent spermcandles. (Size6). Anthony Pirz, Long Island City, N. Y.
39394. Sperm candles. Anthony Pirz, Long Island City, N. Y.

REPTILE-OILS.

Alligator-oil manufactured in Florida.
24892. Oil of alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). Prepared by Col. L. A.

Harden, Jacksonville, Fla. Dr. W. H. Babcock.
FISH-OILS.

Sun-fish oil used by fishermen for cure of rheumatism.
32792. Oil from liver of sun-fish (Mola rotunda). Marvin Brothers & Bart-
lett, Portsmouth, N. H.
25966. Oil from liver of sun-fish (Mola rotunda). Capt. N. E. Atwood,
Provincetown, Mass.

Oil from liver of the cod family.
39275. Curriers’ cod-liver oil (Gadus morrhua). Jasper Pryor, New York.
39276. Medicinal cod-liver oil (Gadus morrhua). Jasper Pryor, New York.
25982. Oil from liver of cod-fish (Gadus morrhua), crude. Capt. N. E. At-
wood, Provincetown, Mass.
25960. Liver-oil of cod-fish (Gadus morrhua). Marvin Brothers & Bartlett,
Portsmouth, N. H.

39435. Oil of Grand Bank cod-fish (Gadus morrhua). A. W. Dodd & Co.,.

Gloucester, Mass.
39434. Oil of George’s Bank cod-fish (Gadus morrhua). A. W. Dodd & Co.,
Gloucester, Mass.
32790. Pure cod-liver oil (Gadus morrhua). Marvin Brothers & Bartlett,
Portsmouth, N. H.
30954. Medicinal cod-liver oil.
25985-39168. Medicinal oil from livers of cod-fish (Gadus morrhua). Capt.
N. E, Atwood, Provincetown, Mass.
39437. Medicinal oil from livers of cod-fish (Gadus morrhua). A. W. Dodd
& Co., Gloucester, Mass.
Personal attention and the most scrupulous care is exercised, both in
the selection of livers from which this oil is made and in the actual pro-
cess of manufacture.

39166. Cold pressed refined medicinal oil from liver of the cod-fish (Gadus
morrhua). Haskins Brothers, Boston, Mass.

25961. Stearine from liver-oil of cod-fish (Gadus morrhua). Marvin Brothers
& Bartlett, Portsmouth, N. H.

25970. Oil from liver of cusk (Brosmius brosme). Capt. N. E. Atwood,
Provincetown, Mass.

25736. Oil from liver of hake (Phycis chuss). Extracted by exposure to the
sun. E, E. Small, Provincetown, Mass.

25732. Oil from liver of haddock (Melanogrammus ceglefinus). Extracted by
exposure to the sun. E. E. Small, Provincetown, Mass.

25978, Oil from liver of haddock (Mclanogrammus eglefinus). Capt. N. E.
Atwood, Provincetown, Mass.

. FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 161

FISH-OILS.

Oil from liver of the cod family—Continued.

25971. Oil from liver of pollock (Pollachiuus carbonarius), Capt. N. E. At-
wood, Provincetown, Mass.

25740. Oil from liver of pollock (Pollachiuus carbonarius). Extracted by
exposure to the sun. E, E. Small, Provincetown, Mass.

Menhaden-oil used in currying leather, in rope making, for lubri-
cating, for adulterating linseed-oil, as a paint-oil, and exported to
Europe for use in the manufacture of soap and for smearing sheep.

39222. Crude menhaden-oil (Brevoortia tyrannus). J. H. Bartlett & Sons,
New Bedford, Mass.

39225. Menhaden-oil ‘‘foots.” J. H. Bartlett & Sons, New Bedford, Mass.

39267. Crude menhaden oil (Brevoortia tyrannus), medium light-colored,
Jasper Pryor, New York.

39268. Pressed menhaden oil (Brevoortia tyrannus), medium light-colored.
Jasper Pryor, New York.

39269, Crude menhaden oil (Brevoortia tyrannus), brown-colored. Jasper
Pryor, New York.

39270, Pressed menhaden oil (Lrevoortia tgrannus), brown-colored. Jasper
Pryor, New York.

39271. Bleached menhaden oil (Brevoortia tyrannus), brown-colored. Jasper
Pryor, New York.

39272. Extra bleached menhaden oil (Brevoortia tyrannus), brown-colored.
Jasper Pryor, New York. ,

39277. Crude menhaden oil (Prevoortia tyrannus), extra light colored. Jas-
per Pryor, New York.

39278. Pressed menhaden oil (Brevoortia tyrannus), extra light colored. Jas-
per Pryor, New York.

39280. Menhaden-oil pressings.

39281. Bleached menhaden-oil pressings. Jasper Pryor, New York.

39439. Oil of pogie or menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannns). A.W. Dodd & Co.,
Gloucester, Mass.

Oil of other fishes.

25973. Oil of horse-mackerel (Orcynus thynnus). Capt. N. E. Atwood,
Provincetown, Mass.

25980. Oil from liver of mackerel-shark (Isuropsis Dekayi). Capt. N. E. At-
wood, Provincetown, Mass.

25975. Oil from liver of thresher-shark (Alopias vulpes). Capt. N. E. Atwood,
Provincetown, Mass.

25981. Oil from liver of dog-fish (Squalus americanus). Capt. N. E. Atwood,
Provincetown, Mass.

25976. Oil from liver of cramp-fish (Torpedo occidentalis). Capt. N. E. At-
wood, Provif cetown, Mass.

42920, Oil from Centroscyllium fabricii, Greenland dog-fish. Chas. Ruckley,
Gloucester, Mass.

Oulachan oil used by Indians of Northwest coast for food and illu-
mination.
32778. Oulachan oil. J. G. Swan, Port Townsend, W. T.
Soaps made from fish-oil.

Soap made from ‘‘chums” of menhaden. Mr. Charles Alden,

ity

162 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

MOLUSK-OILS.
Oil of squid. 4

25972. Oil of squid (Ommastrephes illecebrosa). Capt. N. E. Atwood, Province-
town, Mass.

16. PERFUMES.
MAMMAL PERFUMES.

Ambergris of sperm-whale, with specimens of ambreine.

39376, Ambergris (commercial), Weeks & Potter, Boston, Mass.

17. CHEMICAL PRODUCTS AND AGENTS EMPLOYED IN THE ARTS AND
MEDICINE.

DERIVED FROM PLANTS.

——. Fluid extract of seawrack (Fucus vesiculosus). John Wyeth & Bro.,
Philadelphia, Pa.

Extensively sold under the name of *‘Antifat.”

18. FERTILIZERS.
ARTIFICIAL GUANOS.

Menhaden guano.
Series of preparations illustrating the manufacture of soluble Pacific
guano. Soluble Pacitic Guano Company, Wood’s Holl, Mass."
26104. Crude South Carolina phosphate.
26103. Crushed South Carolina phosphates.
26102. Ground South Carolina phosphate.
26100. Crude Navassa phosphate. Navassa Island, W. I.
26101. Sicily sulphur, used in manufacture of sulphuric acid, used in fac-
tory.
26099. Stassfurth kainite, used in preservation of scrap.
26095. Crude menhaden scrap.
26097. Menhaden scrap, dried by the Hogle patent drying-machine.
26096. Soluble Pacific guano (unscreened),
26098. Soluble Pacific guano (screened).

Other preparations.

26062, Ammoniated bone superphosphate. Geo. W. Miles, Milford, Conn.

22246. Leopoldshall kainite. Winfield 8. Dunan, Baltimore, Md.

39284. Dried unground fish guano. Jasper Pryor, New York.

39285, Dried ground fish gnano., Jasper Pryor, New York.

39444, Guano made from salt-fish skins, Gloucester Isinglass and Glue
Company, Gloucester, Mass.

39438. Guano from head of halibut (Hippoglossus vulgaris). A.W. Dodd &
Co., Gloucester, Mass.

SHC TION. o,

PROTECTION AND CULTURE.
I. INVESTIGATION,

{AS PROSECUTED BY THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION.)
1. METHODS OF WORK.

Apparatus for collecting specimens. (See under B.)
Apparatus for physical research.
Thermometers used by Dr. J. H. Kidder in investigating the tem-
perature of fishes at Provincetown, Mass. Manufactured by
Tagliabue, N. Y.

32745. Standard thermometer.
32746. Set of six observation thermometers covering 30° to 100° F.
32747. Curved thermometer.

Appliances for measurement.
Scales for taking proportional measurements of fish, preparatory to
writing descriptions.
Appliances for working up results.
Coast laboratories.

Photographs of the U. 8. Fish Commission Biological Laboratory at
Wood’s Holl, Mass. Exterior and interior views. U.S. Fish

Commission.
Photographs.!
Headquarters of the United States Fish Commission, Wood’s Holl,
Mass.
Little Harbor of Wood’s Holl, Mass., with headquarters of U. 8. Fish
Commission.

Harbor of Wood’s Holl, Mass., from the wharf of the Fish Commission
laboratory. -

Harbor of Wood’s Holl, Mass., with U. 8. Fish Commission fleet for
1871.

Village of Wood’s Holl, Mass., with the Pacific Soluble Guano Com-
pany’s Works.

'The photographs here enumerated are on exhibition. Many others are in pos-

Session of the Commission.

163

164 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

Photographs—Continued.
39471. United States steamer ‘‘ Fish Hawk.” Built by the Pusey & Jones

Co., Wilmington, Del.

Yacht ‘‘Mazeppa,” employed in the service of the U. 8. Fish Commis-
sion.

U. S. steamer ‘Blue Light” at the wharf of the U. S. Fish Commis-
sion, Wood’s Holl, Mass.

Village of Wood’s Holl, Mass., showing laboratory of U.S. Fish Com-
mission.

A series of photographs showing work of U.S. Fish Commission at
the shad-hatching station in Albemarle Sound.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission.
(A senes of the separate papers, bound up by subjects, is also shown.)
1. Circular regarding tagged fish in Lake Michigan, 1871.
2. Memoranda of inquiry. 1872.
3. Questions; food-fishes. 1872.
4, Circular to accompany No, 3. 1872.
5. Statistics; menhaden fisheries; circular, 1873.
6. Report. Part I. 1873.
7. Report. Part I, w th supplement.
1873. BAIRD, SPENCER F.

42d Congress, 0 ganate, § Mis. Doe. United States Com-
2d session. § ~~ ~"* 2 No. 61. mission of Fish and
Fisheries. | —Part 1.— | Report | on the | condition of the sea

fisheries | of the south coast of New England | in | 1871 and
1872, | by | Spencer F. Baird, Commissioner. | — | With supple-
mentary papers. | — | Washington: | Government Printing Of-
fice. | 1873. (8vo., pp. xlvii, 852, plates xxxviii, with 38 leaves
explanatory to plates, 2 maps. )

The report of the Commissioner, without supplementary pa-
pers, pp. xlvii, was issued separately in advance. Title
page the same.

CONTENTS.

REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER.
Preliminaries to the official inquiry on the part of the United Page.
DOALES Cece pec ements sie miaeeee eisai VaLE:
General considerations as to the value of fisheries to a
Nablone ese soe ee eee eee ae eee
Alleged decrease of fisheries on the south side of New
Wn cland Gece-eeoenec eee seester W
Official inquiries into the subject......-.......-......---- V.
By Massachusetts: <2 ---)-ssesie eerie cee scene seeieeee
By RhodedMsland) <2 s<i-- sees yaceineteni-is els sscioeteceee
By. CONN eC CUb seer dac =e Gen - tenet eee Cee eEeEEe
By the United'States) se sse<ceseenas sees ae eee
Passage of the bill directing an inquiry--.......-.--..-.--
Selection of Wood's Hole, Massachusetts, as a base for the
sea-coast operations........-.------
Concurrent action onthe lakes--=2-0--.--5-/seese eee eee
Aid rendered by the departments of the government. .--.
Character and progress of the investigation...-.-....-.------
Plan of research’adoptedias.-ce-e eee nea eee eee eee
Systematic arrangement of subjects for investigation. ...
In regard to the fishes themselves.....-.....--.------
In regard to,their, food s2-- se ence =e enone eee
Physical condition of the waters................-.---

A

RE

BEHAEEKKH wena

e FISHERIES

RESULTS OF WORK.

OF THE UNITED STATES. 165

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

Systematic arrangement of subjects for investigation—

Continued. Page.
Locality selected as center of research.........---------- XIV
A SSOCIAERID The INGLY = sco ss ee +e enn =e seo eee oe XV
Takineiek tepuimiony. a9 tes tees cee ease ae sea reais XIV
Collection-.of. specimens sete -- 2st ss aee 22 eae ane xV

HMorihe Nitra NlLUseaMeoes ==. sone elke ee et sae Vi

For distribution to other establishments, as colleges,

academies, museums, &c.....-.--- XV

Facilities given to ofticers of colleges and museums for

making collections ...........-.-.- ae ee
Photographic pictures of fishes, &ct.............-.--- es XV
Scientific visitors to Wood's Hole during the season. ----. yi
Objects secured of special interest.-.....-..-.----.-....- XVI
Conference with State commissioners in Boston...... yaa XVI
Corresponding researches of associates :

By J. W. Milner, on the great lakes..............-..- XVII

By Dr. H. C. Yarrow, on the Carolina coast..-------. XVII
Second visit to South coast of New England in 1872.....- XXXVI

General results of the investigation.--.:.. .......----------- XVII
Recapitulation of objects of the inquiry...........------ XVII
Weereass wood sshed sess 25 cate hacen ne oaeioeas ss cee XVIII

Substantiated. by testinvony. /2.--:.....2....2...----- XVII

Established by the investigation...............-..--- XVIII

Supply of fish in the sea not inexhaustible. .....-.--- XIX

Injurious effects of the decrease .........-..-..------ xX
Causes of the decrease, alleged or actual..........---.--- xx

1. Disapearance of the food of fishes.-......---.----- xXxXI

2. Change in the locality of the fishes themselves. --- XXT

3. Disease and atmospheric agencies.....---.-------- XXII

4. Ravages of predacious fishes................-.---- XXIT

SMIEDU NA OUCLES oe = oe ce ee elec eae ee e's peisiwers cimia'e XXIII

IPOlniLEn OF WWaOT 2 semis secs se sere ssasecese XXIIt
OVer tis hin Gey eee Nonaka tbe Sesto XXIV
Byifixediapparatus..-225.25252-- osc c02.conne XXIV

Location of such apparatus in Massachu-
setts and Rhode Island .......-....- xXXV
Sy GELS Ne OINEN weeny =e tetas cans ls acess sase ce XXXI

6. Combination of human and other agencies, especi-

ally blue-fish:

Extent of agency of blue-fish.----. eihinsigneae eens oer
Their diminution not desirable. .--.---....---.--- XX XIE
Their abundance dependent on that of other fish. - XXXII
Messunesisuppested for weliek-: - 2 c- FI2. 0 ccc os. wc veecese XXXTIT
Regulation of use of fixed nets.............---.---------- XXXTII

ACTION Dy sthe s baeRt a aeiseiteeer a5 = Sensis were cle ceralo’ema aie XXXIV

Bill proposed for the purpose .--.......---.-----..--- XXXIV

AM oT Ments 10 TiS TaVOR 22.2 came e aac == eee a XXXIV

Absolute prohibition by the United States, the alter-

native of wantofactionbytheStates XXXIV

Anticipation of improvement....... .---..-.-------- XXXVI

ResHlgoOL Ang uITies ane ovaries sees seleek <2 em ore ee XXXVI

General summary of results... .....--.. 52.0222. sse nce ene oe- XXXVI

IG. OuCUBIONESS eee ea ee ne a meee siecle aha See aia = XL

I. Report of the Commissioner. ..-.....-.---------+---- VIL

‘ TaplewoL CONLENtS: —--. ->- 2c. sense e-em (isms soe XLOI
Il. General plan of inquiries prosecuted...-.-.--------- 1

Memoranda of inquiries relative to the food-fishes of

Wimited. Statessceoacccacaessee ee aiae 1

Questions relative to the food-fishes of the United

States) <2 Joc scicitacscaecintccrsecse me 3

{II. Testimony in regard to the present condition of the

fisheries, taken in 1871, Newport,
Rhode Island .. Lae kes wannade nn item q

166 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

Ii.

IV.

VITI.

IX.

Testimony, &c., taken in 1871—Continued.
Naushon Island, Massachusetts..---------.----....-
Pasque Island, Massachusetts.-.---.--.---.-----.---
Menemsha Bight, Martha’s Vineyard.......-...--.--
Edgartown, Martha's Vineyard ........-.--.----...-.-
Nantucket, Massachusetts: - 2222-25-52 se-e-os2-2= eee
Hyannis, Massachusetts .--.....-.-----.--------ce0-
W.00d's Holey Massachusettes. see eee seers
Head of Bauzzard’siBay,- 2822 -. ces -- cise nee eerie eae
CWohasseteNaxro weirs = seis se = ee eae eee ela eeeer
Special arguments in regard to regulating the sea-
fisheries Dy laWaseense- oer sce
Samuel Powell, of Newport, delivered in the Rhode
Island legislature, (urging the ne-
cessity of a scientific inquiry into

UNEUSIDI CCU) s-a-eee ee eects
J. M. K. Southwick, of Newport, (against protect-
IVeReCislahiOn) cae oeeese seer
George H. Palmer, of New Bedford. (In favor of pro-
tective legislation.).--......--...--

. Reports of State commissions in regard to regulating

tLe sea-fisheries by law.-....--..---

Report of committce of Rhode Island legislature,
made at Newport, June 15, 1870...

Legislative enactment recommended... - --
Extract from report for 1871 of Theodore Lyman,
Massachusetts commissioner of in-

land fisheries, on the possible ex-

haustion of sea-fisheries.-...-.--..-

Remarks of Mr. Atwood, of the cape district, be-
fore the Massachusetts senate, in re-

lation to the petition to prohibit net

and "seine fisheries << 5 .ccec-=) sci

. Report of conference of the United States Commis-

sioner with the commissioners of
Rhode Island and Massachusetts,
heldtOctoberis 18Tile se eee

. Draught of law proposed for the consideration of, and

enactment by, the legislatures of
Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and

Connecticubs |= 2222. . -coscijscieieee
A pill to regulate the use of stationary apparatus in
the capture of fish.........-....-..

Miscellaneous correspondence and communications
on the subject of the sea-fisheries

Letters: ssbsditeee ab Sie ese a aceeaee sccccmeceneees
Copy of memorial of citizens of Hyannis, ad-
dressed to Congress, praying that

laws may be passed prohibiting the

use of fixed apparatus for captur-

Ing? Hfishtee i90 neo ac Seca eeeter

European authorities on the subject of regulating the
fisheries iby, lai sees == eee eee

On the fisheries of Naples, by Achille Costo. -..-

On the possibility of exhausting the sea-fisheries,

by James G. Bertram......--......

Extract from London Mield= 2... scecessseeee eens
Extract from the report of the commissioners ap-
pointed to inquire into the sea-fish-

eries of the United Kingdom, pre-

sented to both houses of Parliament.

by command of Her Majesty......

X. Notices in regard to the abundance of fish on the New

England coast in former times.....

Page.
32:
34
35:
37
41
47
53
70:
72

73.

73:
76:
88
104

104
110:

112

117

125:

132:
132:

135:
135:

137

139°
139:

141
144

145

149

>

‘

RESULTS OF WORK.

: FISHERIES OF

THE UNITED STATES.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

XI. Statistics of fish and fisheries on the south shore of

XIII.

DEL.

XV.

New bmeland) 2 22 a aanae-<e~ so as
Table I. Amount of fish taken at Menemshaw Bight,
Martha's Vineyard.....:-..-..--c.«
Table Il. General return of the Waquoit weir for
LAI se Ae Re Soro ane ose ese
Table III. Return of dog-fish and blue-fish, at Wa-
quoit weir, for seven years .--...---

Table IV. Consolidated returns of alewives, shad,
menhaden, bass, blue-fish, and dog-
fish, at Waquoit wier, for thirteen
VGdLA pane cosas ate eee me hectare tere ==

Table VI. Account of blue-fish caught with a line, by
Josiah C. Pease, about Edgartown,
IMSS 1 SGD iila a semen ise einer

Table VII: Account of fis! l:nded, at Baxter's
wharf, I[ya:uis, in 1870 and 1871...

Table VIII. Accountof Austin Taylor, Hyannis, for
PRS Tk li ees ete cna A lem == minim

Table IX. Account of Timothy Crooker, Hyannis,
PO SOi—loiike eee a eee nee olin

Table X. Account of J. G. Loring, Hyannis, 1867-

Table XI. Shipment of fish by railroad from Hyan-
nis, monthly, to New York, 1866,

Table XII. Statement of fish caught at Wood’s Hole,
Mass. In S72 ices emis = -c-son- sean
Table XIII. Catch of fish at West Falmouth Pound.
Table XIV. Date of first appearance of fish at the
pounds and weirs on the south
side of New England .-.-..-.-.-.---

. Supplementary testimony and information relative to

the condition of the fisheries on the
south side of New England in 1872.
Notes taken by the Commissioner. ......-----.--++--
Newport, Rhode Island .....-------.------------
WG DUG Selia lee NT AR Sires oan = = ee cle araia(nie ace nics! -als\e
ONT SCV a tees erate ie sn einer ate ore tatatas share
Report of Vinal N. Edwards.....--.-----------+-----
Wantuekeb-- =. -=..----- Aga se aoe oma olsen
Edgartowi) ..-.------.2-----------2-20-2------0-
Hyannis .----- De Sse eee seca Sanaa nee eerie
Martha’s Vineyard .. ....-..--.---------- ----
amherst COVE). 0ae- ase ~ cece Soins ci ==
Vineyard Haven........-------------------------
Additional notes taken by the Commissioner. ---.---
Pleadings before the senate committee on fisheries of
the Rhode Island legislature, at its
January session of 1872.--..--------
Arguments of J. Talbot Pitman in favor of a law
prohibiting the use of traps and
pounds in Rhode Island. -.--..-------
Abstract of an address, by Capt. Nathaniel E. At-
wood, in opposition to legislation. -
Natural history of some of the more irhportant food-
fishes of the south shore of New Eng-
eam CON Se ee ol cheer rare eee we arate
I. The seup.

II. The blue-fish.
Description of apparatus used in capturing fish on
the sea coast and lakesof the United
SUATOS. anes cc ne = Boece cccees “seccene

167

Page.
173

173
174

175

176

177
178
178
179

179

179

180
181

181

182
183
183
183
186
187
187
188
190
191
191
192
193

196

196

223

228

532

168 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission.—Continued. |
XV. Description of apparatus, &c.—Continued. be
Modes of capture...--- sarehe geen we ee ee eee eee 253
Projectiles, explosive and poison ..........-..... 223
BANGS socc hese he cekt cece eee pe eee eee 254
Ne@tSid:2e fo Saat alos cae eee ee ee 255
Traps, weirs, pounds, and fykes --...--...-..... 259
Location of traps, weirs, and pounds in the
United :States = 92-2 - 5. choo eee 273
XVI. List of patents granted by the United States to the
end of 1872, for inventions relative
to the capture, utilization, or culti-
vation of fish and marine animals.. 275
Le ELOOKS | 224s Si ie sensstinecs = teiscincsenie sesso eee 275
2. Lines, grapples, traps, &e¢ ......-...--...--... 276
BIOR GEIS! cee cee eem nie ee Saitoh sae Oe see eee 276
AT ROOSSaaeaee aes eee eee ele ein intel Sarat 276
5. Moats sinkers,-andswivels.---.2--2s2s-seeeee 277
6: Projectiles: 2.2225... 2s. nec nscestes ese steerer 277
fj. Nets/and pounds 25: ene eeness= eee ea eeneee 278
8. Oyster culture and gathering .-.....---.....-- 278
9. Preservation and utilization -...-....-----.---- 279
LOS Hishiculturet-2- s4-cee nee sere ee eee eee 279
11. Patents granted prior to 1836. .-.....-........- 279

XVII. List ofthe seaweeds or marine alge of the south coast

of New England, by W. G. Farlow,

MIMD Sica eee eee eee eee 281
XVIII. Report upon the invertebrate animals of Vineyard

Sound, and the adjacent waters,

with an account of the physical

characters of the region, by A. E.

Verrill. (For a more detailed ac-

count of this article see page 759) - - 295

A. Habits and distribution of the invertebrate ani-
mals Fe SF e ah he et ee eee +295
ToGeneraliremanrks 35-.<-.--c.2-0sse5 senescent 295
I. Fauna of the bays and sounds ...-.-.-...... 300
i; Phe rocky shovés 22.22. (2 2.2-2-- =e eeeee 303
MIStOLSPCCleSt Na a-a5 22 soe se eee eee 331
2.) The sandy, shores. 5: 52 -c. 30-222 see eee 334
Histiof species 3 .-- -~/-- = eee eee 364
3. Dhemuddy:shores: 22222 -ccs2 ceases 366
Mistiof species: <2 eits-c- <-.-: o-5-e resem 377

4. The piles and timbers of wharves and
bridges, bottoms of vessels, buoys,

and other submerged wood-work 378
List of species\-44-os=se ecoace aac eee eee 392
5, The rocky bottomsseseeneees eee ee eeeee 394
Distiof species. 7222 22/2 sce sce ee see 409
6. The gravelly-shelly bottoms.--......-.--- 412
Mistiof:species 3. . «ess eciceteboeesies 421
7. Lhe: sandy, bottoms: sss2--4-2----2 sees 425
List of species: 23.22 te. e222 ce sesoeceer 428
8. Lhe muddy bottoms 2-es ser ose aera eee 430
ist of Species: ~~ -n< Eee cemeeeciseeeere 434
9. The free-swimming and surface animals -- 436
ILIsh Of Speciess.--- a-s-e se Jes chsesoe nee 451
10. Animals, parasitic, on fishes, &e.--.--.... 455
Dist/of species=2-.2 27 5. 3 -eeeeeeee 459

I. Fauna of the estuaries, harbors, ponds, and
marshes: © ss c4: tescns sans secs 460

1. Thesandy shores and bottoms of brackish
Waters =. 04-5 Saye teteta'e oS Savevate eee 462

Thist Of SPeCies hs cciscicn ieee aan eeeeeae 464

a

| " FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.
RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

IM. Fauna of—Continned.

2. The muddy shores and bottoms of brack-

ISDE WADCID |. - < eon cee sn cave = === ae
MISTIOUSDECION: «ss ecsae oa seesaw = yom

3, The oyster-beds in brackish waters. .-.---
Hist of Species... -<.~ ..acs------2------=

4. The eel-grass in brackish waters..-.--..-.
TIStTOMB CIES a aan. eee eiseet ens eer a

5. The piles of wharves, bridges, floating
timber, rocks, &c., in brackish wa-

RODS Sheree aa alanin-a'e oie aioe ei ba os seme

TIA Dake ECO Nee akieety eee alarm a amet

IV. Fauna of the ocean shores and outer colder
Waters ....---.ccees seneen----------

1. The rocky shores off the open coast. ...-..-.

WaistrOi SP CClOS ses = niece etm we ana

2. The sandy shores off the open coast. ..-.--

& St OF SPECIES a> (= -ts seas tesiea ree 'ae=~
3. The rocky bottoms off the open coast ----.

TRIRMO LAN DEGIENER ence ee seo cmmce oer set

4. The sandy and gravelly bottoms off the

open coast ..----.-.----------------

ASTOR MPR QIOS | eer aie eetanleiclee = =a — == ===

5. The muddy bottoms off the open coast -- -

GIS O17 Sp SONGS a ecto pl attalats alates ae = m=

B. List of species found in the stomach of fishes—
TOOC OES MeN tases amen eae seca ate sate

C. The metamorphoses of the lobster and other
crustacea, by S. I. Smith...........

D. Catalogue of the marine invertebrate animals of
the southern coast of New England,

and adjacent waters, by A. E. Ver-

rill, $. I. Smith, and Oscar Harger..

IATHIGOINUA banc ceceonac otc cassas ssceeeereecas=
WMSGCtS a 92. ao Pech wales Seles a Saas ese

PAT DIOR Ss ono me si=aieia aa Ss) Sane = aoe
Pycnogonida....2-. 2.20. - 2-206 -- 22 n- seeses
CNNISPHOONG oe =e seanes csp ac keep seseecces =s
PATENT eee tans ee seein eee aioe
SCOLOULNE cet aatetaaae sae se ae Sa esis aie cictare = 2

ett ert ie MR te rarer cts histatins ciniarerata eae
BOVEY CLS Ws cheese ete er aerial armor einai
SCIELO DDO ee Sena eee me eee amine mist

AC SRRSTIUCOD TS OPO ee a a eee ee etal
amMelipranonittae. <-— —4-sasmceinecs ss seein

ETE TC ib esate eta oan ate aie lapse a mae es aaa ota

BU OZOH tet taia eine ne am = anim niet laeimlas le

WER IUE UU LAMINE oe ne eee een eine silo oe siecinvaneia Satara
GHIMOO BT N08 ieee = cera aepeetce pests = ace ia

PNG alop ides. = eens ase en eee teeta l=

Polypi or Anthozoaw ----.---2...-2-------=--
Prowe70heee ea eee eee acoso shoe eincene eae eae
DOUG a toc ea oon cic amenicleaine i= amin am

SA Gent ibe se asece anne ee ae eerie io at oa
ORG oes soe ee ised cae oe oer cnlaeiok
Tale Of CONteNtns= 24-44 nes onesteee eae es

E. Alphabetical index to report of A. E. Verrill ---
XIX. Catalogue of the fishes of the east coast of North
America, by Theodore N. Gill..--.-

XX, List of fishes collected at Wood's Hole, in 1871, be-
tween June 20 and October 4, by S.

BY Baird... casasssasers ones eects

169

Page.
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470
472
476
478
480

481
482

484
485
490
489
490
491
498

500
504
506
S11
514

522

823

170 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.
XXI. Table of temperatures taken in Wood’s Hole harbor,

from January 1, 1873, to December Page.
BI; TOTS ae es eee eee 828
SOM. Wistiof Mlustrations)2ee-.eeeeee eee a eee nee eee eee 833
XU, Alphabetical(indexss2\eni o-foeemeieie sauce sate ae terete 835

8. Report. Part II. 1874.
9. Report. Part II, with supplement.

1874. BAIRD, SPENCER F.
United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. | Part II. | Report
| of | the Commissioner | for | 1872 and 1873. | — | A.—Inquiry
into the decrease of the food-fishes. | B.—The propagation of food-
fishes in the waters | of the United States. | — | With supple-
mentary papers. | Washington: | Government Printing Office. |
1874. ([8vo. pp. CI{, 808, pls. xxxvii, 4 maps.]

CONTENTS. *
REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER.

A. Inquiry into the decrease of the food-jishes. Page.
Ve EP elymin arupSteper sere ote taints sel wie ape iaie anes la nlm saleleia/alate I
Passage of law and appointment of Commissioner......-- I
2. Tnwestigatwoncof Sian sole fees aera ata ato =inlalaa =) -rateieinlotes eles I
Researches at Wood’s Hole, Mass.........-..---..-2---- It
Publications ofreportie- = aa-2- -joscere ss -- een eee It
3. Investigations of 1872... 5.--<-.---c0-0 Selects eee eee I
Researches;.at) Mastport, Meee sete cece eaese == -eeeeeioe Ut
Information from individuals;-.......:.......--..--. Ot
Assistance from Dominion authorities......-.....-.-. Ut
“Associates inj the inquiry, depe ress nis csc sinis see ene U1
List of visitors at Eastport station -..........-.--.-.. IV
Assistance rendered by the government .......-..--. Vv
United States Revenue Marine. -....:.....-..----- Vi
United States; Coast Survey..-!..-.5---------«--< VII
United|States, Signal Service.«.........5-.2.25..-.. x
Visit to: the British; provinces! s+: s--62 2-9). seein eee VI
Ocean temperatures and the herring fisheries............ Vale
Exploration of the Bache on George’s Banks......-.-..--- Vil
4. Corresponding researches of other nations......--+-+--+--- VITE.
German explorations of the North Sea................--- Vu
Herring: fisheriesyofiScotlandes--: -<s-- 7---<s00senc cece avale
5. Concurrent action of the United States Signal Service... -- x
In taking temperature: of ;water:2s:es24-------25.------e x
Signal station at Eastport, Me .....--..- bei scm seeeeeesine XI
6. Decrease of the cod-fisherics of the New England coast. ..-. XI
Concurrent with the erection of river-dams........-.---- XI
Due to consequent diminution of anadromous fish. .....-. xi
Erection of fishways necessary to their restoration. ....-- XIV

Comparative influence on the cod-fisheries of different
Shore stishe-amssemeeeeieassiaesee sae XII
Ofalewives: shadasalmonceeeeeeeccereeeeeeeeeneeneee XII
OF sea Herrin es ...<c.-easdesccesmeneg- seecee seeeeeeer XIII
7. Investigation in 1871 and 1872 on the Great Lakes......--- XIV
Report by Mr. J. W. Milner on whitefish, lake trout, &e. XV
B. Action in regard to propagation of food-jishes. :
Si introductemymeasunes cs seme eee eee esa eee eee eee XVI
Action of American Fish-culturists’ Aecoinnion vateeenees XVI
Consultation meeting in Boston in June..-........-------- XVII
9; Propagation \of shad wm W8i2e 22 ss. cee eee eee ees XVII

Their transfer by Seth Green to the Alleghany and Mis-
SISSI[Pl\a< Secu ca Sacies steele teREEe xVIL

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commissien—Continued.

B. Action in regard to propagation of food-fishes—Continued.
9. Propagation of shad in 1872—Continued.

10.

A,

13.

14.

Their transfer by William Clift to the Platte, &e
Assistance rendered by express companics

By ai ere eee tet efaie aetna Ya\maa iets otafe miata Sera S

MGS aa aerate ha oneata came eens

Propagation of the Rhine salmon in 1872..............---
Impossibility of obtaining a full supply of eggs in Amorica
Correspondence with Deutsche Fischerei-Verein........-
Donation of 250,000 eggs by the German government .....
Purchase of 500,000 eggs in Freiburg..-..............--.-
Transfer of ages fromiGermany.. 22. sccsce scoccs seca y
HUPeLVIsIOM.OL Mra essel we = occcd2 vcwcnewp cc ceuece
Aad) of steamship COMpany <.<--55)---06--s--eeccecace-
Custom-house-facilities .-. 2-2)... 22... cccesscecccntaccs
Delivery ateBloomsDOryisccems<ccce sees «cccccctoccece
Final resultioh experMenties caeccccccecodeesceceaeccas a
Motalicost Of experiment: -. cas cuscevoceae.soccewceeccanes

. Propagation of the California salman ANGST 26 <p oes woes

Action taken at the Boston conference. .........-......-.
Appointment of Livingston Stone...-.-...........2..000-
Selection of station on the McCloud River................
Result of therdxpariniente 3s ee. occ i ccececes sees

Nim beERONeOeS MAKEN sn ceca oscoecececcae cs cnse.

Shipment towBloomsbary, N: Ji..-..-..-.-..-cs.ce0s

Hatching and disposition of the eggs.............--.-
Introduction of young fish into the Susquehanna. .-.....-..
Date and plan of operation proposed for 1873...... ..----
Comparative value of the California salmon.-..............
Propagation of twhiteyfish im WT 2. 2-262 can ensesccesccceces
Servicesof Mr. N. W. Clark, Clarkston, Mich............
Transfer of eggs to California commiasioners ..........-..
Propagation of shad i: 1873.......-.-..2002-2-2---- eens
Recapitulation of worl: done in 1872.................-06-
Preliminary search for hatching-stations by Dr. Yarrow. .
Serious scarcity of spawning-fish in South Atlantic waters
Employment of Seth Green and his assistants............
PSV LLITN ELS UAGION 2 SHED eho Se ls nae ewe else ce ceasacie

sTA tobi MOT esinipEcdwpyss2.-22:2F- 2. cee ccgeccasacec

Potomuchiverstationatiess, oe os 2- oe - --cecemrccccsenc

Sasquehanna Riveratation....-...5--------..--0+----.-5-

Delawaxreuldinenr stati nits hp- tec clas eecetwlemeiwivjacu'cleiciaieis

State stations on the Hndson and Connecticut..... eismsee

Transfer of young shad under the direction of Mr. Milner:

To We Sg I UIBLDY, Sis Stan ete cco eyasce eta ews a Sawin sie Siete eric

To other Western States. .............-...20202e-22-

PHouMBetornl States vaio- = 22 donc eeieecieiee <sele ana sceee's

Transfer of .young shad under the direction of Dr. Slack

to Western Pennsylvania..........

Transfer of young shad under the direction of Mr. Stone. -

BROWN G IO ORLY Elie me tara eta mete = am ara alate ae ese as oles

Pertha|Sacramentor oe soci. one ju oem alvawisie sone ane

‘Noi California, ACUATIUIMN-CAL sn. oeec asec seine cs -cecemene
Assistance rendered—

By the State fish commissioners. .................----

By the State of Virginia....-..-.-.....-2..-20.se--00-

By railroads and express companieS............6 nese

1U8

Page.
XVI
XVII
XVI
XVIII
XVUI

XVIII
XIX
xix
xT
are

=
XXI
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XXE
SIE
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NTE
cee
ee

XXII

XXII

XXII

XXIV

Xk

B85 8's

XXIV

XXV
XXV
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XXVI

XXV
XXV
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XXVIII
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xxVUtI
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XXVIUT

XXVIIT
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xXXVOL

XxX
XXXI
XXX

172 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

C.—Multiplication of fish in general.

15.) General historyiOf Gis CUlUUm eG) «since = laalee eon wicca
Preservation of fishin pondsS:- <2 2 ]> sees ee eee eee
Introduction of methods of artificial propagation.......--

ImeM ono pei see ate eee eee eae ae Sosaaee
Claim of priority for Chinese unfounded. .-.-..........-.
Ini theimited States: © << <p wascicien © ore /eteisiierm serene

16. Action of State and national Ponennen vied see eee
Services of American Fish-culturists’ Association. ......-
Gongressionaliaction!.<-422 -.22 2 =. sss eae se ebae oe ee eee
State.commissionerst - 2.2.2. dus, 25cssoamasiapie: \soseer eee
Why national actionsrequired 1. --<2..55--m2son= eee eee ee

17. Comparative value of different groups of food fishes. a
Of-residentispacies= o-2 c= 225s ses i sass oe ene eee eee

. Limitation by necessity of feeding.............-...---
IBlackwbassleriecljertsse ss tins oases oceleeefortoeteeee ee eae

Of anadromous, or migratory species.....--..--..-....-.
Wo feeding required = 23... .<525.- cease sneer eee
Shad, herring, or atewives and salmon. ......-.-.-.-.-
Of catadromous species.-.-...--.---.-- se Scpoer ae tsa etee meee
The COM iss feces Assis sep oes Oe aoa eee eee

18. Different methods of multiplying fish.......-.-------------
Transfer of living tish from one locality to another.....-.
Confining fishes in particular localities for natural spawn-

Artificial impregnation and hatching of eggs.-...--...-.-
Different methods of securing the parents.-.---.-...--.
Catching while on spawning-beds........-..-.. 5
Penning-up on spawning-beds (Wilmot' Smcthods

Transferring to temporary inclosures (Atkins’s

method) !2s jess sages eee

Impregnation of theieges\ <2. 5 -jas meee = ae ee

Hatching out of the young fish-.........-............

. Disposal of the young fish in stocking waters............
Anadromous fish always return to place of birth or deposit.

Influence of obstructions. .-.............. eee eee eee

19> Treainvent of certain Species: < «cinsjns tans eben eee eee

Hatchin so fshadey. =s- sce qe se es cies eee eee rere

Hatching: boxeSie.re stained nea asiesaigaeeene se eeeeeeee

Hatching of white-fish. trout, salmon, &¢c.-............---

Holton!s *trayene.cenise sacle scee sswsadl. disie ccccce wees
Hatchingof stripedsbass+--s.<\s2-- <2 sejacins see See eeeeeee

20. Fishes especially worthy of mention...--...-....---++------
1. The Shad: £201. sas come st asemp ees geen sass ose. e eee

Micration and movements --........---.----sseees
Barly abundanees. ste cicic ace emcees = eenieieeee
Subsequent decrease wSddectncoasadbes ocsecceeeneee
Influence of dams, gratings, &¢ ...........---
DriWarrow's Teportissss--es 0 cee eee eee eee
APtificialsincrease <5 2-iceecs yecemaecre ee ener nee
Labors of Dr. Daniel in 1848 (transfer of eggs

; to,the, Alabama, River). =... .-e-<
Laborsof Mr. Gesner and others in 1858 (trans-

fer of eggs and young to the Ala-
bamaisRiver))<c.,scc.5- cer eaereseeee

Work of Seth Green in-1867........-----..-.-
Action of the New England and other States. -
Action on the part of the United States Gov-
ernment..... fe sininis/=oiafalalalm a laleralotet= eel ie

Page.

XXXII
XXXI
XXXI
XXXT
XXXII
XXXIV
XXXIV
XXXIV
XXXIV
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XXKV
XXXV
XXXVI
XXXVI
XXXVII
XXXIX
XXAXIX
XXXTX
XXXIX
XL

XL

XLI
XLI
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XLVIL
XLVIII
XLVUI
XLVIIT
XLVIII
XLVIUE
LI

LI

LII

LIt

LIL
LIL
LUI
LUI

LIV

: FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 173

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

C. Multiplication of jish in general—Continued.
20. Fishes especially worthy of mention—Continued.
1. The shad—Continued.

Suggested by the American Fish-culturists’ Page.
PA RSOPIAGION on ease se eee cme cechiea eas LIV
Intended to supplement the action of other
SESE ance es ao aaa ae eae eee LIV
Possibility of stocking the Mississippi system
of waters with shad...........--... LIV
Their occurrence there at present.....-.. LV
Possibility of traversing the whole length
PERRIN vi naia'e nem asians it LV
Illustrated by shad in the Yang-tse-kiang, in
hindi aostes. Pewee cen enune aces LV
Also by the shad of India.......-------------- LV
No dams or obstructions ........------------- LVII
Suitable winter-quarters in the Gulf of Mexico LVII
Shad in the great lakes ......-...----------- +--+ LVUI
Shdinkcl pilisicg) sae ee ss cenem =n eee mena e See ems LVUOL
Shad in the Pacific waters .......---------------+. LVUI
General result of the experiment on the Atlantic
GCORBU sees ot cawcic wie me easeisinrne nmin LIX
2. The alewife or fresh-water herring ...--.-------+--+++-++ LIX
Economical value. .-.-...--..-esceee-sseeee------=- LIX
Agifood forman..--- <2. -ce0=--2-=-== apace eels LIX
As food for other fish....... ..---------+------ LX
Attracting the cod to our shores....--.------- LX
Methods of multiplying ..-..-..-.. -.--+--------- LXI
Period of maturity.-.-..-.-..-...---+--------s-ees50 LXI
3. The salmon of New England .......--+--------++------ LXxI
Identical with that of Western Europe -.-.--.-.--- LXxI
General natural history..-..-- ...---------+-++------ Lx
Distribution in America ......-...--------+------- LXIIt
Efforts for its increase in Europe .-.-.------------ LXIiI
Efforts for its increase in Tasmania..-...-.--.---- Lxul
Action by the several States in this country. ----- LXV
Initiated by New Hampshire in 1866..-.-..-.--- LXV
Labors of Livingston Stone and others......-- IXY
Labors of C. G. Atkins .....-.-.. Eee enna LXVI
Action of the general government .......--------- LXVI
Obstructions to upward movement of salmon and
Shia: sears See ccc ene eee ecee LXVII
Goash of Maind sesus. ence een < cee en enne =n == 2 LXVII
Take Champlain’..-...-<.-.<..-----<2------=- LXVII
JAMES RIVON Ve cose e = oe eee = cceesenanwee~ ae LXVII
4, The Western salmon.....------------+----e0---eeeeeee LXITx
Variety of species on the Pacific coast. -.---------- LXIxX
Monograph of salmonide by Dr. Suckley...--.--- LXIX
California salmon (S. quinnat) for Eastern waters. - LXIx
For the Southern Lakes .....-.-.. ------------ LxXxX
For the Great Lakes. .--------.-------2-----+- LxxX
For the Mississippi Valley..-.....-.--------+-- LXxXX
Fitness of the Gulf of Mexico for its ahadoct Lxx
5. The land-locked salmon ...-------------------+--++020-- LXxI
Relation to the true salmon .....------------------ LxxI
Especially valuable for small interior lakes....--- LXxI
-6. The sea-trout (Salmo immaculatus) ....------+----+-++++ LXXII
7, The lake-trout -.....-----2+-------- 2-2 - eee e nn enercenee- LXxIv
DistwiPupion +s. .260cscoes- 2-6 <a aan ee owen LXXII
Economical value. -.--.-.-- Ae eases ara See oe LXxUI
Propagation ...-..-.---------++---- cree eect eres LXXII
&. The Danube salmon or hucho ....------+-+--+++--0-7*-- LXXxiit

Consideration as to the introduction into the
United Stntessecesscsrawa ces cass nme Lemon

174 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.
©. Multiplication of fish in genera—Continued.

20. Fishes especially worthy of mention—Continued. Page.
9. Lhe small Aqverican, touts- 2 ee eee eee eee eee LXXTit
The blue-back or oquassoc trout .....-.....-.----- LXXID
Ran eeley, trout(:-.: ccc saescce cele =e Eee eee LXxTII
The Western trout. 2: ~~ \-crtctaet- seers eae eee LXXIV
10; Phe Satbling. (US eaivelinus) one-one LXXIV
LIRA TNG ON AY UNG 2 Sasiea canis e = cee eee eee LXXIV
WWuiDhesuliteishphos-c soe eee =e eee LXxV
The especial object of attention from the States... LXXV
The. Otsego Lake svhite-fish 5... -- 5.22.6 so-so LXXV
13.) Dhe werflineyor volden'chub.-.-.- +--+ ----e eee LXXV
AT er CANp pita tai. Seiwa eee es = sala a ae rel ae eee eee LXXVI
15:, Phe couramis <6 ccs. nee co eso oo se oe ees eee eee eee TxXexovilE
16., Thesterlet.ci2 663.2 oles as cicje see oe wisis'e)- oes eer LXXVIl
7s, ey DridNb Shiete.e5 pee 8 sole = seals. < eisai ee LXxViIIL
21. \ Concluding) remarks. /22 2. iee 2 oc (e fo = oe mare alee alae orate LXXVIr
22. Statistical tables of propagation .-...-...--.---..+-=------ LXXXIV

Salmon-hatching operations in the United States, be- ;
tween 1866)and 1872)..2 222-22 -eeeece LXXXIV

Distribution of young shad to the waters of the

United States soa. a= s1 sea LXXxXxvVulr
Shad-hatching operations in the United States -.....- XCIL

Accompanying papers.—For a list of these, see the end of the volume.
REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER. (Table of contents precedes report.)
APPENDIX A.—The fishes of the great lakes, and the species ;
of Coregonus or whitefish --......-- Cur
I. Report on the fisheries of the great lakes; the
result of inquiries prosecuted in
1871 and 1872. By James W. Mil-

ner. (Table of contents on p. 77)... 1

II. Miscellaneous notes and correspondence rela-
tive to the whitefish.............--- 79
A. The whitefish of the great lakes.........-.- 79
1s Wake! Sup erionscss\ec eee. etoeete eee 79
2. Gakes Mrievand! Ontario: .--2 222. sseee 80

B. The whitefish of Eastern Maine and New
Brunswick. By Charles Lanman.. 84

C. Description of new species of Coregonus and
Argyrosomus. By James W. Mil

TOT. oops ore clate a vere oier= sorelelotateie(- ee ee 86
1. Argyrosomus hoyi Gill. Cisco of Lake

Machigan’ sopesesse <2 cha Sanne eee 86
2. Argyrosomus nigripinnis Gill. Black-

TANG Yo Selseraiaraesieais ee eee eee 87
» Coregonus! Couesti cma one see eee eee 88

APPENDIX B.—The salmon and the trout (species of Salmo).
III. On the North American species of salmon and

trout. By George Suckley, sur-

geon, United States Army. (Writ-

tenwdn’ 1861) os. sete ons ee eee 91
Introductory NOUC reece saree eee eee eee 91
Tabulated list'of species: - <<. 4.-2~ ce asin aeeeies 92

1. Salmo scouleri Rich.; hooked-nosed sal-
MONS Ms Sees Sek eee eee eee ee 94

2. Salmo proteus Pallas; hump-backed sal-
MONS. =¢ Se seeisies cca stereete sie eee 97
3. Salmo cooperi Suckley ; Cooper’ssalmon. 99
4. Salino dermatinus Rich.........-...---- 100
& Salmoiconsuctus Riches. .-coeeeenceeee ee 101
6. Salmovcanis Suchley--------.------sseee 101
7. Salmo salar Linn.; common salmon ..-. 104

8. Salmo quinnat Rich. ; Quinnat or Sacra-
/ mento/salmon)-pescecseeeeseeeeeeee 105

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

APPENDIX B—Continued.
If. On the North American species of salmon and

trout—Continued.

Tabulated list of species—Continued.

9. Salmo confluentus Suckley ; Towalt sal-
MD OD he se sale sre a ee cae aS
OS SH ROME RTE = aw cia a cine elataye erates aioe wees
Uy SQUNOONOUT CUS) ja 0 aman =s.smeso ioc semes
12. Salmo paucidens Rich.; weak-toothed
SPU ONE ahaa se ctelns Aowese estes ed oats
13. Salmo tsuppitch Rich.; white salmon...
14. Salmo clarkii Rich.; Clark’s salmon. ...
15. Salmo immaculatus Storer; the unspot-
Ted SalimGu a= oscsaanccee cae ss Somee
16. Salmo gairdneri Rich.; Gairdner’s sal-
MON atrmatet ety cee meen ce ceaeye
17. Salmo truncatus Suckley; square-tailed
BAIMOD)) - 22 saiselocis sce ecieec oes aeons
18. Salmo richardi Suckley ; suk-kegh..--.
19. Salmo campbelli Suckley; Pacific red-

34.
35.
36,

37.
38.

39.
40.
41,

42.
43.

spotted salmon trout......-..-..---

. Salmo hudsonicus Suckley; Hudson’s

IBM yeOUU ceases asec ec ere es

. Salmo rossit Rich.; Ross’ arctic salmon
. Salmo hearnii Rich.; Coppermine River

MALNIOT See rete ata ee eee aie aierare rare

. Salmo alipes Rich.; long finned-char . - .
. Salmo nitidus Rich.; the angmalook. ...
. Salmo fontinalis Mitch.; brook-trout of

Theva ante COBN t=. naae aac cre tats

. Salmo iridea Gibbons; Pacific brook-

DROW DS oo 2 Soe see wae aa sie eo ereas a

-. Salmo masoni Suckley; Mason’s trout.
. Salmo virgunalis Gir.; Utah ....-..-.---
. Salmo lewisi Gir.; Lewis’s trout... .----
. Salmo brevicauda Suckley ; short-tailed

POM GU me Sere ce te he coe ema ae ain

. Salmo gibbsii Suckley ; Columbia salmon

GROUhos setae ceescmece eer ceeacsmeane

. Salmo sebago Gir.; the sebago trout. - --
. Salmo kennerlyi Suckley; Kennerly’s

Salmo warreni Suckley ; Warren’s trout.
Salmo bairdii; Baird's river-trout....--
Salmo parkei Suckley; Parke’s river-

LOU bese eet pe Sen see eee
Salmo oquassa Gir.; blue-back trout.. --
Salmo namaycush Pennant; Mackinaw

OL SalMON trout: -- 5.5 45-<4-2—= mene
Salmo conjinis Dekay; Jake trout. ..----
Salmo siscowet Agass.; the siscowet. ...
Salmo symmetrica Prescott; Winnipi-

seogee POWs S52 s5 5 ae ee eens eee
Salmo hoodii Rich.; Hood's salmon...-..
Salmo newberrys Girl 2 2222 -eennes-- ~~

IV. The salmon of the Danube, or the hucho (Salmo

hucho), and its introduction into
American waters. By Rudolph Hes-

V. Improvement in the salmon-fisheries of Sweden

(Extract from the report of the
Royal Swedisk Intendant of Fish-
OLICSVELSOS) caine saint sialon

175

Page.
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110
110
lil
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114

115
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118

119
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121

123
129
134
135
139
140

141
143

145
147
148

149
150

156

157
159
159

161

166

176 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

APPENDIX B—Continued.
VI. Report of operations during 1872, at the United
States hatching establishment on
the McCloud River and on the Cali-
fornia Salmonide generally, with
a list of specimens collected. By Page.
Livingston) Stone=-s5+2 2 ee eee 168:
A. Introductory remarks:
1. The salmon-hatching establishment on

the McCloud River................. 168.
2. The location of the salmon-breeding sta-

tion on the McCloud River......... 170:
3. Changes proposed for another season... 170:
4. Why more salmon eggs were not ob-

tainedsinel 872 5eess- ee eee eee 171
5. Conditions of hatching salmon in Cali-

fornia, compared with similar opera-

tions:at the Hast..--..-22--.22-¢222. 171
6. Catching the salmon on the McCloud... 171
dp bailksing the Cf 2's sca eee eee eee 172
8. The eggs of the Sacramento River sal-
MON 255-0522 e ee eee ewitiamse ome 173. |
9. The hatching-apparatus ............... 173.
10. Packing and shipping the eggs......._. 174
B. The Salmonide of the Sacramento River.... 175
11. The Sacramento River....-..........--. 175
12 Che McCloud Rivers--ee se eee eee 176
13. The McCloud River Indians............ 177
14. The climate of the McCloud River...... 179
15. The Sacramento salmon in general...... 179

16. General movements of the Sacramento
salmon in the lower parts of the

TIVO so ine noose eee eae eee eee 180
17. General movements, &c., of the Sacra-
menté in the McCloud River. ...... 181 |
18. Condition of the salmon during their stay
in the McCloud River .............. 182

Table showing the movements, condi-
tions, &c., of the Sacramento salmon
in the McCloud River in each month

OftNG Veale oe cence eee eee 183
19. Answers to queries concerning the Sac-
ramento salmon given in the order
of Professor Baird’s printed list of
questions entitled ‘‘Questions rela-
tive to the food-fishes of the United

SCALES) Se eee ee eee eee 184
AL NGMG 2 esceshosec ook eee 184
IBS Distributions. se. eeseee ee eee 184
CeAund ances ssse-ee eee eee eee 185
DD WSiZenssecceence eee oe eee eee 185
E. Migration and movements .......... 186
He Relationshipissseaseseeeeeee eee 189:
Ge Hood iirc teeae eee oe ee ee 190:
HH. Reproduction.....-s22-2 see o. seen 190
1. Artificialiculture.s-c ese ee ee eens 193
KemETOUCCHION EEE Ce ee eee Ee eee eee eee 193
IL. DISCASES i 2. cthe eee ee ee 194
Me eParasives nan sea ae setee eee eee 194
IN, Captorepec sce eceeeeeee eee 194
O. Economical value and application. .- 195

20. Other Salmonide of the Sacramento
River seo dis seisla(e sotctelsje meee 197

“ FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.
RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

APPENDIX B—Continued.
VI. Hatching-establishmenton the McCloud River—
Continued.
B. The Salmonide of the Sacramento River—
Continued.
21. Other Salmonidz of the McCloud River.
22. List of Indian words of the McCloud
Gig hese case a ee ae ae eet
C. Catalogue of natural-history specimens, col-
lected on the Pacific slope in 1872, by
Livingston Stone, for the United
States Fish Commission....-.------
VII. Notes on the salmon of the Miramichi River,

Fragmentary notes..-.-------------- +----------
VIII. The Salmonide of Eastern Maine, New Bruns-
wick, and Nova Scotia. By Charles

1. The brook trout (Salmo fontinalis) ------
. The great gray trout or togue (Salmo
HOMG) = =n asses eee ee eee ae or

. The whitesea-trout (Salmoimmaculatus) .
. The salmon (Salmo salar) .---.----------
. The American smelt (Osmerus mordaz) .
6. The capelin (Mallotus villosus) .--.-------

TX. On the salmon of Eastern North America, and
its artificial culture. By Charles G.

Atkins. (Table of contents on p.

ABB Ao one eee en eee

X. On the salmon of Maine. - By A. C. Hamlin ----

1. The land-locked salmon ......-..----.---

PERG MOPIGs oes ae = eee ee aa

XI. Thelaketrouts. By A.Leith Adams, M.A., &c.
XII. On the speckled trout of Utah Lake. By Dr. H.
C. Yarrow, U. S. A., Surgeon and

ipatareliste ose ea a= eee cin

XII. Miscellaneous notes and correspondence rela-
tive to salmon and trout...---------

A. On the salmon in Maine. By Thomas Lin-

n

orm

B. Onthe stomachs of salmon and their contents.
1. On the exeal appendages of the stomach.

By James K. Thacher...-----------
2. On the contents of the stomach. ByS. I.
Smith see ssaen eae aa al

C. On the silver-trout of Monadnock Lake. By
Thomas E. Hatch, M. D.-.-.-.-------

D. On the edible qualities of the Sacramento
salmon. By R. 8. Throckmorton - -

FE. On the salmon fisheries of the Sacramento
river. By Livingston Stone..------

1. Drift-net fishing. ....--------------------

’ 2. Fyke-net fishing --.--------- -----------
3. Sweep-seine fishing .---------------------

XIV. Additional reports relative to the hatching and
planting of the Penobscot salmon --

A. New Hampshire.--...--.------------+++-----

B. New Jersey ------------------2-22 22 certo oe

C. Pennsylvania ...-..------------+---++--+----

E. Wisconsin ......------------se-++----220e--=

12 F

177

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197

226
338
338
354
359

369

369
371

371

371

373

374
374
378
378

380

a75 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

MESULTS OF WORK.
1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

APPENDIX C.—The shad and alewife (species of Clupeide)-.-.-.......
XV. Letters referring to experiments of W. C.

Daniell, M. D., in introducing shad

into the Alabama River .----..----.

XVI. Letters referring to the presence of shad in the

rivers tributary to the Gulf of Mex-

ICOe Eee See Seat See eee

XVII. Report of a reconnaissance of the shad-rivers

south of the Potomac. By H. C.

Warrow; (MD a2 s22 ose ee ee eee

1. Introductory remarks..-....---- eee

2. Great decrease of fish in Georgia. ....-.--

3. Decrease in North Carolina -.--..-......

4. Contrivances that capture all the fish. -.-

XVIII. Report on shad-hatching operations.........--.

As Operations 1872) 2. 5.- ac c-2s2-.secleseneeee

1B: Operations pn 873-22 eee eee eee

1. The Savannah, Neuse, and Roanoke

RIVEIS)sc55> asso aeee erase aoe

. The Delaware River. By J. H.Slack, M.D.
. Report on the transfer of shad from the
Hudson to the Sacramento River.

By Lizangston Stone 22-2. - = =eeee

4. On shad-hatching operations by the com-
missioners of the State of Maine. By

AM, Stillwell. 5. :225-2222- eee

XIX. Report on the propagation of the shad (Alosa
sapidissima), and its introduction

into new waters by the United States

Commissioner in 1873. By James

W.. Milner’ ...5. 2. 222 eee eee

1. Shad-hatching an important discovery --

2. Planof opeérations:--- =---co-eeeeesee nee

3. Operations on the Savannah, Neuse, and

Roanoke wiverss-s.4s-o- sees eee

4. Operations on the Potomac ...-...--...-.
Table—Shad-hatching on the Poto-

mac River, Jackson City, Va., oppo-

site Washington, D. C., in the year

bo

w

5. Methods employed in shad-hatching. --.
. Relation of the temperature of the water
to the propagation of shad ......-...

. The ovaries and ova of the shad .....--.
» Lhe male fish . .....2sscs0-/ssenesee eee
. The impregnation of shad eggs.---....--
10. The Susquehanna, Delaware, and Hud-
Son Rivers sses5- 5 cess eee eee

11. Journal of a trip with shad and eels to
@alumet River, Illinois .........--.

12. Shipment of shad and eels to the Fox
River, Wisconsin: -----2---eeseeeees

13. Shipment of shad to Ashtabula River,
Ohio): ode cesseesdsnteoceees cosmos

14. Shipment of shad to the Wabash River,
Tndiana 320.2 43sec ee es eee eee

15. Shipment of shad to the waters of Lake
Champlain, Vermont.......-....---

16. Shipment of shad to the Housatonic
River, Connecticut... --.2--22ee-cece

17. Shipment of shad to the Penobseot
River, Maine. 3-2. «<< .-2-<-sseseee

a

oon

409

413

417

419
419
419

419
420

425
425

428
430
431
432
433
434
437
437
438
439
439

440

-_—

‘

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

APPENDIX C—Continued.

XIX. Report on the propagation of the shad—Continued.
18. Establishment of station on the Andros-

coggin River, Maine.........---.---
19. Second shipment of shad to the waters

of Lake Champlain, Vermont .-.....
20. Shipment of shad to the Detroit and

Grand Rivers, Michigan....-...--..

Table of distribution of shad and eels. --
21. Mode of estimating number of eggs and

HS Hise eee ans aeons ane ee

22. The care of the young shad during trans-

OLGA OG Der ae ee eee eee

. Lhe apparatus. ....--.....2--0.------
. Lhe care of the fish -.......-..2.....
. Water adapted to young fish. .--....-.-.
. Temperature of the water in the cans
. Transferring the shad from the cana
Ove Livy Ole aes eae enna
f. Facilities required from the railroads
23. Possibility of stocking the great lakes

SUN SDA ose se ee oe eee lean
24. Popularity of the work of the Commis-

SiON se oen==ae5 Se eeeoeee eae
XX. Notes on the natural Iakiore rae the shad and
We WitOs= 9) canen sa a= sooo aeceien =
A. Notes on the shad as observed in Beaufort
Harbor, N. C., and vicinity. By H.

(Gaia oe MRED) Sec teeta eee lala
B. Notes on the shad as observed in the Dela-
ware River. By J. H. Slack, M. D-
The importance of shad as a food-fish. --
. The decrease in the Delaware ---.-.-.----
The causes of decrease -..--.----.-...-.
Ge stiregion Ob Gana? .- 5 ac-mceees sr ae
fs Destrnetion) Of try... oce<----—----e =
c. Destruction of seed-fishes.-.-...-.----
d. Destruction of impregnated ova-.-.--.

4. Habits of shad in the spawning season.
C. The shad and gaspereau, or alewife, of New
Brunswick and Nova Scotia. By

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

saece

pe

Charlesibanman. ©- <> S20-2-s0<~ <==

fe LhG SNe ease ese samen nia a nme

2. The ieeened OR MOWiME =~ — ses sene

APPENDIX D.—Fish culture (the history, theory, and practice
OMASHICHLGATS) see cee eee ete eter

XXI. The history of fish culture...-..--.------------

A. The history of fish culture in Enrope, from
its earliest record to 1854. By Jules

am 6 seas oe yoo a ee canes hele

B. Report on the progress of pisciculture in Rus-
sia. By Theodore Soudakevicz..-.-

1. The decrease of food-fishes - -------.-----
Oo Pincignltnt@ise- osc = = 4-22-22 -o namo
3. Selection of male and female fish - ...-..
4. The fecundation of spawn..------------
5. The incubation of spawn ..--.----------
6. Development of the embryo and the
hatching of fish...-------.---------

7. Transportation of spawn..-...---------
8. Piscicultural establishment at Nikolsky.
9. Piscicultural establishment at Suwalki-

10. Pisciculture at Vinland......-.--..-----

179

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442

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445
447

447
448

449
450

452

452

457
457
457
457
458
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459
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459

461
461
462

463
465

461

493
493
495
497
498
499

501
508
504
dll
512

180 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

APPENDIX D—Continued.
XXTI. The history of fish cuiture—Continued.

C. Report on the state of pisciculture in France

and the neighboring countries. By

M. Bouchon-Brandely, assistant sec-

retary of the College of France. ---.

. Introductory remarks .-........-.....2.

sm WibZerland) 22 cesses seen scion eee eee

bbally,: ce c2s6 252 sts natecae ce ce eee eee

« PATISEYIA fe= Ss etae ie se cencleee ee eee

3 PMO ICH 5.22 -iccats se Simin leis eieelsier eee

6. The great basins of France..........---.

D. The progress of fish-culture in the United

States. By James W. Milner......

1. The methods employed in fish-culture - -

2. Transfer of living fishes -..-...-.-...--

‘The pikeorjpickerelis 2. ss-eeeseeeeeeee

The muskellunvesseeessseseee eee eee

The black bass and Oswego bass --.-.---

The wall-eyed or glass-eyed pike -......

The Celis. 2! a Sac cee nee ae eee ee eee Ee

ak wre

3. The transfer of naturally deposited eggs.

Spawnine-races)..: 022... ss. - eee eee

4; “Artificial fecundation®22:-2-=---eeeeeee

Introductory remarks. ----<--< 22 2eeeeee

The brook-troub---.-- -+ =a eee eee

- : The salmon 55.25 scec5 sence eae ee eee

TheOtsegoibagsi-e. 242s eeeeee eee
Theisalmonttroutisssa ees eseeneeeeeee
‘Dheistripedsbasse-eses..-serasseseeneeee

List of species in North America and
Europe which have been hatched

artificiallys secs as oe eee

List of hybrids in Europe and America

which have been hatched --.-....-.

Advances in fish-culture of American

OTIGIN 329 525 eee ee eee ce eee eee

Systematic records of observation re-

quired forrapid advancement in the

ALD) .o. 2 ckssceeeeinsneges se nssee cee eee

E. Alphabetical list of American fish-culturists
and of persons known as being in-

terested in fish-culture ........-----

1. Names of persons who are or have been
practically engaged in fish-culture.-

2. List of persons interested in the subject
XXII. Papers relating to practical fish-culture......--
A. method of treating adhesive eggs of certain
fishes, especially of Cyprinide, in ar-

tificial propagation. By Rudolph

Hessel ko 08 seaen cee ae eee

B. On the so-called ‘‘dry” method of impregnat-
ing spawn. By Alexander Stenzel,

inspector of fisheries in Silesia,

Germany 22.25 25-50-- eee eee eee

Page.
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513
514

518

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522

523
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527) 9

527
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528
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530
530
535
538
543
545
552
552
553

554

555

558
558

561
567

567

enna Mati

—

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

_ RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

APPENDIX D—Continued.
XXIL Papers relating to practical fish-culture—Cont’d.
C. Fish-culture in salt or brackish waters. By
Theodore Lyman, fish commissioner
of Massachusetts) .-..2=------0<---~
D. Descriptions of improved apparatus in fish-
ACHES eeeeteet ae aioe me oon ate
1. Shad-hatching or floating boxes. .-...---
Seth Green's box... ------csesn-ce sone
BYACKEHYS WOK ccc = cn eaiececicie = =neetal
Stillwell & Atkins’s box..............-
2. Tray apparatus for hatching ..........
Haton’s tray hatching apparatus...-...-.
Clark’s tray hatching apparatus .......
Willinmson’s hatching box ....-. -----
Sy NON DLOOKs SNAG YH ca ees a= ain oem niet
E. Frog-culture. By Seth Green..............
1. How to get the spawn.................
2. How to take care of them...-..........
APPENDIX E.—Obstructions to the upward movement of fishes
in streams and the remedy..-..-----
XXITIT. On fish-ways. By Charles G. Atkins .......-.
Ae LN OOUChOrY LOUIE EIS: Jaicjatet= se tea eee te
B. Habits of migratory fishes ....-.. Seat
C. The construction and location of fish-ways.
TE SH OT aa aaeosceanscaos caace nonce
Pa PATIRACULVENOSS = ana a = sia eeiaiiaeienialatermiaiat ele
S-MUINSO Oli ISG ON Urecoats snes se ante ero ieraletein
D. Devices which are in use or have been pro-
TO Se ee area eee ele lettre eras
RGA ee tee oe eee eee ele ee rere
z. Trench or Cape Cod fish-way.-.-..------
3 ODMquey SUOOVer: anaes se eee serene
4 Step Sh Wal see neh =) seat iee = eee eal
STULL DUS OPEL VS Vinee eae teeta alee
GCS eS Egy ete see ee eeate ates
a EUICG SPAS Hen aes aie teteceiaeeeeacine\=
Shes Oe MRNA hy eqeoencesaseriebaceee mse
9. Inclined-plane fish-ways..-..--.--.-----
10. The Pennsylvania fish-ways ..--.------
11. The common rectangular fish-way.--.----
12. Brackett’s fish-way............--.--..---
13. Fish-ways with oblique partitions......
14. General arrangement....-.--.----------
E. Subsidiary considerations. ..---..--...---.--
1. Protection against floods ........--....-
2) Maberisl! ang! COSb: == == os. sce -ee ane c eel
XXIV. On obstructions to the ascent of fish in cer-
GAME VOLS ie oe cae sence ie eee ae
A. Obstructions in the rivers of Maine. By E.
M. Stilwell.....- nee ae aan eee aie
Saint Croix River ---.....-.-------.--«»
PenmaynianRAVGN eats <1s15 aeinte a === =i
Dennys River ---...-----------------+--
Oran Ce Rivets sac see serene eee
Hash Machias River =...-2---ss.--- =
Machitie River -.---2..-sse- cance scnnmn
Wescongus or Pleasant River .. .--.----
Narraguagus River. ....-----..---------
(Wmion, RIVOl: 2. canes eae sees anaes
Penobscot River and tributaries..-...-.
Saint Georve River. ...55ccewcaciswsssees

181

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587

589
591
591
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601

603
604
604
605
605
606
607
609
610
610
610
611
612
613
614
fd
615
615

617

182 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES,

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

APPENDIX F—Continued.
XXTV. On obstructions to the ascent of fish—Continued
A. Obstructions in the rivers of Maine—Continued.
Meddmic Rivereascecacesceeeseeee eee

SHeepSCOURIVerssees. se seees eee eee
Kennebec and tributaries....-...-......
Presumpscob River: -ssees=sceeeeceeeeee
Saco River and tributaries .-.........-,
IMOUSSMURIVeL -eeeeee ses hee eee

B. Obstructions in the tributaries of Lake Cham-
plain. By M. C. Edmunds...-......

ake: Champlaineeece ses eeee ee eeeeer eee

Saint Lawrence River and Lake Ontario

C. Obstructions in some of the rivers of Vir-
ginia. By M. McKennie...........

D. Character of the streams on the northern
shore of Lake Michigan. By J. F.

Ime alls 22 23 Jee cee ct Sasceies cee
Pensurkee River. -.2..---2ccseesaceoce
OcontomRivert es serecimse sic ee esoee
IBeshtigophivienss ase ceemaciae nee sess
Menomonee (Rivers coqccisanie eee eee
Cedar River 2 25-e seaee 2. <2 sees
iBarquedRiversa-eeee se. aces nee eee
Mord) TREVOLE sa ia2 saan =e ctais otcle stesso peteieeiee
Escanaba River .-.--- Reeaccpscs=e eee meee
iWahitenishvRiverke ses. ssceeseee sie Seseies
Sturgeon and Fish-dam Rivers .-...---.-
IMonistique JRiVieRS ses =< =e aes eee
SeuliC@hotx dRiver= essa 22-2 eee
I. Characters of some of the northern tribu-
: taries of Lake Michigan. By James :
AW) Min Gye rrssyes ese alan seater eerie 632
APPENDIX H:— Natural ghistopys ss22 2252 oleceee see eeeee 635
XXV. The Crustacea of the fresh waters of the United
States. By Sidney I. Smith........ 637
A. Synopsis of the higher fresh-water Crustacea
of the Northern United States.....- 637
MaGrUnvese see eee See ee eer eee eee 637
amily “AStacid occa. oa see eeaee 637
Family Palemonide....-.....-- eee 640
BHamily Penweidies.-e-nesoecsesceeeeceer 642 |
Schizopod al Se as-eece sees ee ee eee eee er 642
Munnily; Miysidlee is seen a eee cece 642
“Amp hip od ieamesssemee- seers see ee eeeeeee 645.
RamilyiOnclies tides ye -js-se- ee eee 645
Ramily Wysianassideesrc.-neeese ecco ee 647
amis Gamom ride steele 651
MSOpOd ae oe.s eee ee eee esate eee reeeetee 657
Family Asellidas: 22 essen eee eeeeeee 657
B. The crustacean parasites of the fresh-water
fishes of the United States......-... 661
Homailyee Aeron) d 26 erste eerste ees 662
Hamilys@ icides sen cece eee -eleseeeeeaae 662
Family ernscopodidae= =. - se == seme 662
Family Lernocerid#.....-...--------- ‘ 665
XXVI. Synopsis of the North American fresh-water
‘ leeches. By A. H. Verrill... ..-... 666
Genus Macrobdellazisscse-e---e coe 667
GenusAnlastomumieesessee ee eee ee eee 670

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES,
RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

APPENDIX F—Continued.
XXVI. Synopsis of the North American fresh-water

leeches—Continned.
Genus Democedes <<... - nse ce-ncnssaene
Genus Semiscolexs- yo-.csg- sans) enme
Genns Hexabdellatc sc. 5 sees. -ce-- soe cee
Genus Wephelopsis\.....2.2.-<--sccccranc
Genus Nophelis:-:-.-....cs-e-neccn es
Gonus Clepsing): 25. tac. ca e-eeerecee
Genus Cystobranchus ...--..---i...--.-
Genus Tehthyopdella,- 22 <-.2---0 seen
Genus Astacobdella ------ 22 scccccinncn=
Genus) Diostomum.- << 2... em s<s— anaes
Genns irndOs- aac racisves Seige mansions
Genus Oxypty chun: - 2... sse5 cress
Genus! Centropy gus ....-.. 5 .c<cecmccicciccme

XXVII. Sketch of the invertebrate fauna of Lake Su-

perior. By Sidney I. Smith......-.

Account of field work and material obtained. --
ADTOUIALAy s:5 spe - se wos cues eee ee cia eeeaeien nae
IDSeCtS aoe ae tet e asi 2 pa eiais a seeiaetee aie ais
Diptera 2 ..--.isash~ woesee oo sbemeeeeseus
NIQMTORLON: sir pcinter goon <alnnaeeee cas
PACA D ees ee) Bia a ooo Silmalele eats een
Crastacetc Jo. sencasenes soman eae seeamemne
Podophthalmiavnsc.--<eeesu sete == eian
RetrnnerapOddrek = =. 1<ap ance ceies ae cmsine

ATO HOC trees nie nie eee elena

Tsopoda ..... Bisco cae ene ee nee
FONGOMAStIACR «502 s2= = asin slo sae meine oeeee
COAGCOPE <-> cies take cee aaa eeeoeea
OStTREOME a2 ayes aistemnise se seo re ts
Gonepotas 22. an omc anaen sat ane setsioias
SIPNONGSstOM Acree. == ose ce oe ee cena
RVR Storer mapa tes seine aes nemiele = Dace mieten
Olio pehsetay ce ece cena nessa = mene ae ae
Baden idan 234. fsa asa = ccs wesw mmawioe eisai
PERRIN aie cee oe a ays eae sa eae aan seer
MOM AGRA ee sae petaies salen s ae eee se es oes seaioee
(aR TMOP OL Meee ate aise mate atasta late islet erates
anrellibramGhintQa.. .sesescen-e nee aes
TRO AS oe Eos ain clots ne argue Satan <meta
Bathymetrical distribution of species .---.---

XXVIII. Food of fresh-water fishes. By Sidney I.

Smithers. s . Gene Sa sewcet cane oe ee

XXIX. Naturaland Economical History of the Gowramt

(Osphromenus goramy). By Theo-

done Galle. 262 sae See tecces sate

PALIN SACO DIS GON View we recta tee sae aie mate eral =inleeial
HET E Nira sae ae oie eee ote ae 2 Ree ae er
Iori ree yatta = = tote eee eee reece iae late a

Geographical range ..........--.---sses00
Si2Ge ee ees eee Seale a cicets sates
Grow ihpan dln ese- =. ee cee ae ene
Station and temperature ..--..--.........-
Table of atmospheric temperatures of na-

tive and foster countries of the Gou-

IMGVEMOMUS neon e =o = = aoe nev onto rielalae
Spawning and nesting....-..--.-..---.---

183

Page.
671
671
672
673.

75°
677°
685 »
686
688
688
688
689"
689.

690»
690
683 :
693.
693 «
693
694
694
604
694
694
695 -
695
696.
695
697
697
697
697
699»
700
700
700
703
705
706

708

710
710
7il
711
712
712
712
713

714
715
716
716

184 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.
RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

APPENDIX F—Continued.
XXIX. Natural and Economical History of the Gourami
(Osphromenus goramy)—Continued.

A. Natural history—Continued. Page.
NGOS peer seopebase sa5es50T0Ne sasee= 717
Plesh; =... Gscnccwceceete scar eee eee 717

B. The introduction and attempts to introduce
the Gourami into foreign countries. 718
AAMUHOTItICS - 2a = pees eeneese eee seen 718
Mast Indian Islands=---.c--5-2- eis se ee 718
Tslandsiof Manvitiuss==s. sees eee 718
Island of Bourbon or Réunion -........--- 718
Wrest Indies: - 223 -cscecececrorucceeseeere 719
WANCO sas eos See tele ere see eee eee eee 721
AIG CTIA Sa. ee wea so een ce mace e aero eee 725
Australia te csee see seeciote nee eerie 725
Capevor GoodsHopeess-saccsseseesaaeosee 726
Sy Db esate an al em eee eee eet eee 726
Conclusions! -2hn22-- sae gee eee ener 726
C. Rules for transportation and introduction. -. 727

XXX. Notes on the grayling (Thymallus) of North
America. By James W. Milner.... 729
APPENDIX G.—Miscellaneous papers .---..-..----.---------- 743

XXXI. Temperature in the Gulf of Mexico, from
records of the United States Coast

Suryeyinse-cero-== See eee eee 745
XXXII. Correspondence with companies relative to
facilities in transportation, &c...--- 749

XXXII. Reports of special conference with American
Fish-culturists’ Association and

State commissioners of fisheries .--. 757

A. Meeting at Boston, June 13, 1872 .......... 757

B. Meeting at New York, October 17, 1872-..--. 763

XXXIV. Bibliography of reports of fishery commissions.

By {Eheodore Gill ee eesee eae 774

A. Names of Commissioners.......---..-.--.-- 774

B. Bibliography of reports ...........-.-..---- 775

Distiof illustrations see. o= ers e ss oe eo aeee eee 785
Goneralind exe. scac cesses a oni s sceetes eee 791

10. Statistics of fishery marine. Circular. 1875.
11. Blank tables to accompany No. 10. 1875.
12. Circular asking statistics. Menhaden fisheries. 1875.
13. Report. Part3. 1876.
44. Report. Part 3. With supplement. 1876.
1876. BAIRD, SPENCER F.
United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. | Part III. | Re-
port | of | the Commissioner | for | 1873-4 and 1874-5. | — | A.—
Inguiry into the decrease of the food-fishes. | B.—The propaga-
tion of food-fishes in the waters | of the United States. | — | Wash-
ington: | Government Printing Office. | 1876. [8vo. pp. LI,
pe CONTENTS.
REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER.
A.—Inquiry into the decrease of the food-jishes.

investigations Of Sistas esses ease eee eee eee eee vit
teason for selecting Portland, Me., as base of operations. Vil
Assistance rendered by the Navy Department..-.....-.--- ack:
The Steam-tug Blue-light --...------.-.-------------- aVeEK

Associates in the inquiry 4-22 --osesecsese eee oeeee eens vVuor |

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission— Continued.

1. Investigations of 1873—Continued.

to

Numbers of living forms found in the waters of the region.
Mackerel, herring, and cod fisheries................-...--.
IBN fonds 28. AG ae ee ae eater See

Apparatus used on the Blue-light -.......--...........---
The recion southeast from Cape Elizabeth .............-.
The region at the upper end of Casco Bay............----
Proot of climatic changes on the northern Atlantic coast .
Assistance rendered by the United States Coast Survey --
he steamer Bachess-c.sc-seess soacks ooeteccastaaese
Assistance rendered by the Treasury Department .....-..
The revenue steamer McCulloch ...................--
The revenue Steamer Chase .2....-. 0.02 secccessecceee
Assistance rendered by the Quartermaster’s Department
ohithevAmmyy: 22. Srvc c.nstaescecoome

PEIEROS UES NULONSMINGIS 14 1. Sea cco a cs on ase sdele doves neeeen

Reasons for selecting Noank, Conn., as base of operations.
Assistance rendered by the Navy Department ........-..

Theseteim-tug Blucliphts 232.2. <<. ccnsccmes cause
General character of work prosecuted ..............--.--
Experiments in propagating sea-bass.............------.-
Visit to shad-hatching stations at Holyoke, Mass-.-........
Experiments in inuring embryo shad to sea-water .......-
Shipment of shad to Germany .---.-...2....2-22--s0ec00s
Discoveries of species before unknown to the coast. .-.---
ABSOCIabes in GheN Guin == 2-2 cse-2 == eccs cena ee cece see
List of visitors to the Noank station ..................-.-
Special report to be made on invertebrates ...........----
XS OL OUT IRUS 9 onal eto fata ieee tee ater amine ohne eee a
Assistance rendered by United States Coast Survey......

The stemmerwbsaehet st trees Se. 5. seeeneetesece uated

B.—The propagation of food-fishes.

a bxbenti OL ner wOLk.s ses 5-< ssaee ccs ence ce enae ole ce eee ee

R61 ONS SHOU CRE meen sae seem ene ee eee ene ee
The value of fish propagation to China -.............-...

teasons Why the work cannot be left to State action......
The plan as regards the propagation of the shad.........-
Extent of the California salmon work ..........--..--.---
Thespossible resources Of TIVES. ¢- --~ 555 -- nice - ene nceces
Proposed introduction of the carp. -.---.-<--csenececnna==
Hormearnabvundance Of SNES. - cace-.--sceeceses -coeeaes

«J LAO SHALL Gccce tecasa.ceeascasus anctes ceases sacccese cans

The hatehing and distribution of 1874 .............-...---
The waters benefited in the United States............----
Die shipment TOM erm Any — ~~ oe en eesnian ae Se wine i alm = a
The hatching and distribution of 1875 ....................
The Neuse River of North Caroling ......---.<--22-c.cne5
TENG Pananieys WLVOL OL VAT CIN 2-2-6 is esis siooms otala
The reconnaissance of the Potomac fisheries .........----
The stations and results on the Potomac.............-----
Distribution from Cocyman’s Landing, N. Y., on the
Huason-.--4- 2 Sees onda mane oes

Distribution from South Hadley Falls, Mass., on the Con-
NGOUGUUHRLVER | ov ann see cae

Distribution from Point Pleasant, Pa., on the Delaware
RUVGD oe ete cea eiece ant eee aa sf teerore

185

Page.
Vil
ViIEd

a 4
BRR ERE

Meee eee

KKK HE

a
RRRHE

XITIL

XIV
XIV
XIV
XIV

xV

186 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications ot the Commission—Continued.

4. The shad—Continued. Page.
Review of the labors of the season .-.---..----..-----.---- xx
Experiments by Fred. Mather and H. W. Welsher, with

a view to transporting shad long dis-
oN COS tae lesen ene eee eee eee XXI
The shipment to Germany........-----.--.-cecceccncccce= xXXI
Experiments with a view to transporting shad in sea-
; Wauseon ai eee XXII
Experiments with a view to transporting shad of several
inchesilength. so ocese sos eseereer XXII

Saethe Califormiasalmons assess eeeee seas see eee e ae eee XXII
Mr. Livingston Stone’s operations in 1873........---...---- xexele
The final hatching of the eggs in Eastern waters.-......-. XXII
Mr. Livingston Stone’s operations in 1874.........--..--. XXHT
Qualities of the California salmon ............------.----- XXIV
Observations of temperature in San Joaquin River ......- XXV
Observations of temperature in MeCloud River...... Erase XXVI
Observations of temperature in Columbia River .-.....--- XXVI
Comparison of physical conditions of the rivers of the

Atlantic slope and Gulf of Mexico

with. Pacific streams..-..----------- XXVI
Distances which anadromous species will travel inland... XXVIII
The great vigor of the California salmon.-.-.....--.-------- DO: DS
The reasons for expectation of success in introducing Cal-

ifornia salmon in Eastern waters. --. XXIX
The great addition to the food resources -...---.---.------ XXX

6; The Atlantic salmon: oes. seen epee | eee een ee eee XxX
Mr. Atkins’s operations in 1873-’74 and 1874-’75.......---- xxx
The number of breeding salmon bought and manipulated. XXXII
Marking the:fish when released .......-....-.-------scees XXXT
Recaptureofanarked fish: <5 <-2t 0 acces oo -cacsossssscsene XXXI

Ve eRe Whitefish aa seeisimctae rsepoeet eke ace ie ete steeiaeie erate XXXII

8. The carp of Europe .-.-..- Bare ete Saiapiato = aie cee eaceeee XXXII
Its qualities\anddhabits: 22-20 42h. sn 2s ee esoecle ee XXXIT
Numerous domesticated varieties .......--..-.-.---..---- XXXII
The ‘best varieties <:. 252.22 .-22-- cscs ss ce esse see seer XXXV
Tts:artificialipropagaviony.<asb ee acne ee = eee se eon XXXV
Localities in Europe where they are bred.........-..-.--- XXXV
Desirability of the carp for the United States..........--- XXXVI

9: "The;aqnarium) Cat cssscescccaee eee eee ee eee eee XXXVII
Theytrip: 0f 1893 — ce mceaas (oon bee co eee eee XXXVIT
The trip.of I874 =< ase 2 scone sete oamce eee ee seen ee XXXVII

10. Tables of distribution of food-fishes ...-....---.--------.- XXXVI
Tables of shad-hatching and distribution ...---.....-..--. XXXVIIT
Tables of California salmon distribution -.--.....-----.--- xL
Tables of Atlantic salmon distribution ---....-....-..---- XLV

Report of the Commissioner (table of contents precedes re-

DOL) eo Seice eee eee ee eee eee 1

APPENDIX A.—Sea fisheries and the fishes and invertebrates

nsed. as foods. aeco-cem one seeceeee oss 1
I. Historical observations on the condition of the

fisheries among the ancient Greeks

and Romans, and their mode of salt-

ing and pickling fish. By J. K.

Smidth:. <2 -252 cece soace ses eeer 3
Introduction 2-2. 225-tcessace oo ace emer 3
Classified groups of fishes........---------- 8
Curing processes2---sees--eeee-t eee ese eee 14
Lobsters: . jss22522i52 sae oree ae eee 17

Fish, oyster, and snail ponds ......-..-..-. 18

RESULTS OF WORK.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

APPENDIX A—Continued.
LI. Statistics of the most important fisheries of the

North Atlantic. By Carl Dambeck.

Ik INOUWAY 22.2 o-nso ces ct anee een 3 ose aes
Se Sweden: aah wok kpanic aes = see ele
Bi IDONIMUT ca tac dens cste See cs seen
dt (GERMANY 2.2 ~ se sstec-s Cove wwe nninine= ir
5. Great Britain and Ireland.....--..-----
1G. WEAnCG (cee scien cee oe eee = aioe
TP UNOLth AMGMCR: cnc est ae < occ es aan =e' =
II. On the fisheries of Norway..------------------

IV. Statistical data regarding the Swedish fisheries.
V. Account of the fisheries and seal-hunting in the

White Sea, the Arctic Ocean, and
the Caspian Sea. By Alexander
Sohultz (acess cones anaes ee

A. The fisheries of the White Sea and the Pet-

who

4.

GREEN fis cn Aes Sete orn ater wear

SU DHGSRERUMN es 226 associa en = onelene oo stema =
MVE e salmon. 62622 5--25-~e=-eee= ome
. The navaga (Gadus navaga) and other

salt-water fish) -ccee secre eer cemte
River ‘and lake fish ..-.--.---------------

B. Fisheries in the Arctic Ocean. .--.-----------

a3

ey

Fisheries on the Mourman coast. --- ---
Fisheries at Novaya-Zemlya...---------

C. Fishing and seal-hunting in the Caspian Sea.

if

»

~

AAU

hs
12.

Fish found in the Caspian Sea..---- ----
Spawning-season of the fish in the Cas-
pian Sea . ..------------------+---=-

. Wealth of the fish in the Caspian Sea-.-
. Estimated value of the fisheries in the

Caspian Sea. -..-.-------------------

. Fishing-basins of the Caspian Sea...---
. Fishing implements -..----------------
. Importance of a (Vataga) fishing estab-

NSWMemGmee ooee a= eee <a eee

. Preparing of the fish and its several

parts. .222...-------------5--- eens

. Market price of fish and their products.
10.

Price of fish as fixed by agreement be-
tween the fishermen and the fishing-
HOUSES | - S-e cee sek wee we - eee ~~

Seal-hunting ..--..-----------------+----

Manufacture of seal-oil ..--------------

VI. The Norwegian herring fisheries. By A. ie

Boeck and A. Feddersen. -----------

VI. Preliminary report for 1873-74 on the herring

_

9
“

and herring fisheries on the west
coast of Sweden. By Axel Vilhelm

Ljungman ....-----------+--+-------
On different species of herring and small
herring ....------------+-------*-°

The spring herring (Clupea majalis) --
The sea-herring (H@fslottsill) .--- -----
The wandering-herring (Striiksillen) - -
Herring spawning in autumn..--------
The large herring, or the so-called
(Gamla) herring (Clupea bohusica,
NSE.) sc2ec- -cnes eee ee ow

Of the propagation and growth of the
herring and small herring----------

187

Page.

21
21
21
22
22
23
24
24
20
31

35

36
37
40

61
62

63
64

80
90

91
92
95

97

125
128
130
131
133

188 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission— Continued.

APPENDIX A—Continued.
VII. Pretiminary report for 1873~-74—Continued.

3. Of the herring’s and smail herring’s

mode of life; its migrations, and the

dependence of these latter on me-

teorvlogic and hydrographic circum-

SUANCES eee eee eee att

f the herring-fisheries and their time

5. The small-herring fisheries, their time

ANC PlACO area se seen cas eee ate

6. Of fishing implements, the manner in

which they are used, and other mat-

ters connected therewith. ...--..---

7. Scientific observations and scientific as

well as practical experiments neces-

sary for continuing the investiga-

tions and bringing them to a satis-

factory @Nd.. 22. -25-2tassss<2-25-5ee0

8. Of the immediate continuation of the in-
vestigations and the sums required

for thisspurposese=—- ess eee eee

VIL. The halibut fisheries of the United States. By
ihieut: Ps De Brocas--s-- 22-2 seee

IX. The fishing-villages, Snekkersteen and Skot-
terup, and the collection of fishing

implements exhibited at Elsinore,

Denmark, during the summer of 1872.

X. On the herring and its preparation as an article
of trade. By Hjalmar Widegren...

Introduction: tose ses esse eee eseeeee

1. Preparation of common Baltic herring

for consumption in Sweden and in

the German ports of the Baltic. ..-.

2. Preparation of extra-fine herring for
home/consumption=..---eee ee aes

3. Preparation of spiced herring (Kryd-

OSL) Bseenne soeseecere iepwedesccoeee

XI. New contributions to the herring question. The
dispute between Axel Boeck and Os-

sian Sars regarding the Norwegian

sammer-herring. Sar’s recent ob-

servations and his new theory on the

migrations of the herring..-.....-..

XII. On the spawning and development of the cod-
fish: (By, Prof.iG. O: Sars*es-cee---

XIII. The Norwegian lobster-fishery, and its history.
By -AxelpBoeck et eas. eee e eects

Introduction eo. .a- ees saeco
Implements for catching the lobsters, meth-

ods of catching them, and the man-

ner of shipping them ....--.--...--

The lobster trade and the history of its
legislations. S:-mossees.ceeecccteeeece

Draught of a law regarding the protection

of lobsters!-s25- <eese==)- con eeeeee

XIV. Transportation of lobsters to California. .-....-.
XV. On the artificial propagation of the lobster... -.
XVI. On the oyster-industries of the United States.

By Lieut. 2 DersBbrocae-sseeeeeeses °

Letter to the minister of marine and colo.
miall affairs’... aseccoeceaoarmaces

167

169

173

183

183

189

192

193

195

213

223
223

253
258
£67

271

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 189
RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

—— a

APPENDIX A—Continued.
XVI. On the oyster-industries of the United States—

| Continued.
| _Chapter first: Page.
Introdycwon. 2h -s= «-2seoue=n- ecmedaeek 277
Chapter second:
. Oysters of the United States....-...-..- 286
. Mode of obtaining the oysters -...-...-- 292
Culture of OvSters) cose sceocn sem eee 296
Laws concerning oyster-plantations. - -. 299
| Chapter third:
The oyster business in several cities of
the United States...-.............. 302
Chapter fourth:
General views upon the natural history
of the market-clams.......---..---. 313.
Recommendations for introduction. ... 318
APPENDIX B.—The river fisheries. : oe Seecteeeee 321
XVII. The propagation and disieibnaten of the shad. . 323
A. Operations in the distribution of the shed
in 1874. By James W. Milner..... 323
Distribution from Coeymans, N. Y.....-.-- 323
Distribution from South Hadley Falls,
MASS oe ean be ences ania 323
Table of distribution, 1874 .......-.-...--.-- 326.
B. Report on shad-hatching in New Jersey.
By G. A. Anderson’.....-..-.--.... 327
C. Voyage to Bremerhaven, Germany, with
shad. By Fred. Mather ........... 328
D. Living shad on their way to the Weser.
Translated by H. Jacobson....-..-- 330
E. Shad-hatching and distributing operations
Of 1ST eee ae oye te ere tae atone 335
1. The Neuse River station ......--.-.-.- 335
2. The Pamunkey River station.-.-...-....- 336
3. The Potomac River station..........-- 336.
4. The distribution of shad from the
Hudson River...-------de«-==--=--" 337
5. The Connecticut River station ......--. 337
6. Experiments with a view to trans-
porting shad to Germany ..--.----- 338
7. The trip to Germany.-.----.----------- 339
Tables of shad-hatching operations ... 340
XVIII. Report of the Triana trip. By J. W. Milner .. 351
XTX. On the transportation of shad for long distances. 363
A. Experiments with a view to transport-
ing shad in sea-water. By James
W.. Milner’... -2-- <2. <0 ---o~=s~maecm 363
B. Experiments with a view to transporting
shad a few months old. By Charles
D. Griswold......------------+----+ 370
C. Apparatus for hatching shad-ova while
en route to new waters. By Fred.
Mather ....--.---00--------ccenenes 372
XX. Report of operations in California in 1873. By
Livingston Stone ....-.------------ 377
A. Clear Lake .....-.--------------2+--2--2°-2" 377
1. Field-work in the winter of 1872-73 . -- 377
2, Character of Clear Lake .-.-.---------- 377
3. List of fishes inhabiting the lake. --.-- 378
4. The condition of the fish in Clear
Lake at different seasons....------- 380

190 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.
APPENDIX A—Continued.

XX. Report of operations in California in 1873.—Cont’d. Page.
BL /Saeramento River --- 2c sees ee eee ane 382
1. Character of fishing on the Sacra-
MEGULO} ssc eine eee aetna ats 382
C. (California aquarium-car.-22-------c.ccesn==6 385
D. Overland journey with live shad -.......... 390
1. Preparation for the trip -.-.-.---.--.-- 390
25 Che starts -cansnccee scene eee 390
SaePhomppParions seeeeseeee eee oer aeee 391
4. Dhe'careiot fish 25-5... .--- sees eee 391
Bs Chaba lye weve hey ho58 see sce cotenaneoce 395
6. Experiments to ascertain the charac-
Ceniofihenwateliesssssssee ssa 400
7. Stations affording supplies of the water. 401
8. Temperature of the water in the
CANS)... ceree aa sce tee eee ee aeceeeeees 401
9: Conclapienycats.5-..----c<ceseercane 401
HE. McCloud River'station ..--.....---..------- 402
F 1. Catching the parent salmon .....------ 403
2. Confining the salmon..........-..----- 405
3 The Indian sentiment in regard to
catching the salmon... .......--..- 408
4° Spawnine the fish 2s. -sss- meee eee eine 410
5: Lhe hatching apparatus...-.-----2--.- 411
GasHadching theeges...-S---.cnsiece~ sea 415
7. Packing and shipping ths eggs.-..-.-- 419
8. The method of packing discussed... --. 420
De Coston thee eeseeace seceeaa- sears 420
10. Journal of overland trip with salmon
CLOGS ayeceer cei eee eae alee 421
11. Distribution of salmon eggs........--- 423
F. Catalogue of collections sent to the Smith-
sonian Institution in 1873..--.-.---- 424

G. List of McCloud Indian words, supple-
mentary to a list contained in the re-

port of 1872. By Livingston Stone. 428

XXII. Hatching and distribution of California salmon. 431
A. Report on California salmon-spawn hatched
and distributed. By J. H. Slack,

ME) oe saree nese see ee ieee 431
B. Hatching and distribution of California sal-
mon in tributaries of Great Salt

Lake: By A. P. Rockwood........ 434
XXII. Report of operations during 1874 at the United
States salmon-hatching establish-
ment on the McCloud River, Cal.

By Livingston Stone...-..........- . 487
SEA EERO ST GLOMN 9 ements lee ip eal aaa 437
Table of consignment of salmon-eggs ac-

cording to order of shipments. ----- 441
CYTS FORCES Samoa ososocneadosaccoscccsscc 443
Camp-buildings, &c..........-..-......---- 443
The hatching apparatus.........-.....-.-. 444
Thecisttan@dishine. -....---.2.--.2-2.ccece 445
The taking and ripening of the eggs-...-..-- 447
PAGAN ALC CLES ie oo cere cine qraiele olel~ wie sieininlel=i= 448
The overland journey of the eggs.....----- 449
Shife no CaM Pees ss eee eisce=s eel eee 459
Oigemeichborsi seas eee eee eres a eeieee eee 466
CGS era ree sale reroll relate 468

OXtrachtrOme] OULN Al sees ss) ele cleeine eee 468

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 191
RESULTS OF WORK.

1, Publications of the Commission—Continued.
APPENDIX B—Continued.

XXIT. Report of operations in California in 1874—

Continued. Page.
Tables of temperature ........-...-..----0- 471
Catalogue of collections sent to Smithsonian
Institution, contributed in 1874 .... 474
Second California aquarium-car..........-- 477
XXII. Correspondence relating to the San Joaquin
River and its fishes .....<----...<<- 479
XXIV. The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).........-++ 485

A. Report on the collection and distribution
of Pennobscot salmon in 1873-74 and

1874-75. By C..G. Atkins .......- 485
AsvMEGthOds! ~22-.chatct cos. seen ot eee eee 485
2. Purchase of breeding-salmon. --... ..... = 486
3. Development and distribution.......--. 488
4. Marking salmon for future identifi-
CHMNON co cence cee ig ee ae aaa 490
Dao UNM ALG ae ann cement ee eae 492
Tables isc ct se-saniacn ke eese-< Seema 493
B. The salmon of Lake Champlain and its
tributaries. By W.C. Watson. ..--- 531
1. Abundance of salmon in early times..... §31
2. The. disappearance of the salmon, and
US GUURES Ee oct -1a'acqq Sete qaeinceeen 534
bd: Lraite ot thewalmon..-<<-.ses<.- sen e = 538
4. Dhe Agu SAbIG GIRLY Ole csc oo see eee some eer 539
APPENDIX C.—Fish-culture, relating more especially to species
OL Cyprinidie.-~- 2; sone ea- Seem 541
XXYV. Notes on the pisiculture in Kiangsi. By H.
ISOpSCRY. ween oe eee eee 548
XXXVI; Onithe culture ofithe carpi; --.05- ssesceree- wens 549
OWA Oni carp pondS.2-- 7 sa-<nssssseaese eee soo 4 549
B. Carp culture in East Prussia, by R. Striivy. 552
©= Carp ponds)--.-------- Falcons tose ees 555
XXVIII. The gold orfe (Cyprinus orfus).-.--...--------- 559
A. On the raising of the gold orfe (Cyprinus
O17 US) OY MU PROS CRie = esterases 559
B. Correspondence relating to the gold orfe, by
Prof. C."h. HE. V. Siebold.--...--.. 561
XXVIII. Directions for using tables for recording the pro-
pagation and distribution of fish. -.. 563
APPENDIX D.—The restoration of the inland fisheries- - ---- 569
XXIX. Fisheries and fishery laws in Austria and of the
world in general; Carl Peyrer - ---. 571
A. General considerations .......---.--.-------- 571
1. Barly protective measures -..---------- 571
2. Improved appreciation of the interest - 572
3. The object of fishery legislation..-...-.. 573
iB: thetisheries.--=) 222.25 ene ee erent 575
: 4. The former condition of the Austrian
Hisheriess_ 2. -- 5-5 - ssenseneareeeen eae 575
5. The present condition of the fisheries
and its causes .-...-...----------.-- 576
6. Artificial fish-breeding -.--------------- 580
7. The progress of foreign fisheries. --.---- 585
8. Condition of pisciculture in Austria... 589
9. Value of the products of the fisheries. -- 598
10. Fishery statistics..-....-.---------+---- 601

11. Scientific investigations . .....---.-.----- 603

7 grey Te ws a Pend ee a, ee

owes, pa). eee

192 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

APPENDIX D—Continued. :
XXIX. Fisheries and fishery laws in Austria—Cont’d.
C. Important fresh-water fisheries .............
12. Salmon family (Salmonoidei)............
13. The pike family (Esocini)......:.-2---<-
14. The catfish family (Siluroidei).......-..
15. The cod family (Gadoidei).............-
16. The eels (Murenoidei) ..................
17. The carp family (Cyprinoidei)..........
18. The perch family (Percoidei) ...........
19. The sturgeon family (Acipenserini) - --.
20. The craw-fish, (Astacus fluviatilis) ......
Dy Protective iccislation: - esses. ease eee
21. The fishing privileses -222.-2ssecncessee
22. Foreign fishery laws. -.....---.----------
23. Fishing privileges and fishing laws in
AUSHTIS -= =C.42 sec cen eee eee
24. The buying-off of fishing privileges. .---
25. International fishery treaties ........-..
26. Salt-water fisheries and the laws relating
boy thems a. -e cero ce ssnae aeenee
i \Conclusiont ka 3252: 2s Acoma fee eee
XXX. How can our lakes and rivers ne again stocked
with fish in the shortest possible
time. By Mr. von dem Borne....--
APPENDIX E.—Natural histor Vine jos mee ee teams
XXXI. Preliminary report on a series of dredeaien made
on the United States Coast Survey
steamer Bache in the Gulf of Maine.
By ASS: Packard) jc., Mi De oes ee
XXXII. List of the marine alge of the United States.
By Wi GS Barlow, M.D == eepeseee
Classjal gees. £2 =: U2 4228s 22 a2e ce ence noneasees
List of the principal useful sea-weeds occurring
on the United States coast ......--.
Wsedasifoode seca a) eae: sees oe ean ee eo
Used as'fentilizerste. S—.. ooo. cee ce eee earner
Used for the mannfacture of iodine ............
The great kelp of California -=--2.2-2--o-- 52-226
Alphabeticalamnd expec... -setece seenmee eee
XXXII. Lecture on the organs of reproduction and ho
fecundation-of fishes, and especially
ofeels? (By Dr Sytskia ose ---ee eee
Introduction .-....-.-- BSL. Sos ee eee one
The organs of reproduction and fecundation in
fishtin"oeneral: 35.22 ee eee
The reproductive organs of the eel ......-.----
Thetovariesiof the Gel see a sa-e sete eee
The spermatic organs .....-...----+----s-ss2-5-
XXXIV. The food and mode of living of the salmon, the
trout, and the shad. By D. Bar-
PUTEH oasis ese! Se scise essai eee eee
Prefatory note. ‘By Theo. Gill_----.------: 22.
Introduction - 25-..2sss2e-4.2-4 secon ee senene
1. The food of Trutta salar Siebold (Salmo
salar and hamatus Val.), and Trutta
trutta Siebold (Fario argenteus Val.),
in’ the\river Rhine} =... +--\esseeeee
2. The food of Prutta fario.......---.2-.--
3. The food of Alausa vulgaris while in the
RDN ee 2 oR ce eae es see
Conclusion )..2. cass n= 22 een os see ene esenter

e TISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 193
RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

15. Questions; food-fishes. 2d ed. 1877.

16, Circular. Statistics; mackerel, &c. To accompany 15. 1877.

7. Circular. Statistics; cod fishing, &c. To accompany 15, 1877.
18. Circular. Statistics; mullet fishing, &e. ‘To accompany 15. 1877.
19. Circular. Statistics of coast and river fisheries. 1877.

20. New York market blanks. 1877.

21. Statistics of the whale-fishery; census blanks.

22. (a) Propagation series,
23. (b) Propagation series.
24, (c) Propagation series.
25. Record of collection of eggs.
26. Report. Part IV. 1878.
27. Report. Part IV, with supplement.
1878. BarrD, SPENCER F.
United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. | — | Part IV. | — |
Report | of | the Commissioner | for | 1875-1876. | — | A—Inquiry
into the decrease of the food-fishes. | B.—The propagation of
| food-fishes in the waters of the United States. | — | Washing-
ton: | Government Printing Office. | 1878. 8vo., pp. ix, 50*, 1029,
plates vi (Hist. of Whale Fishery. )
CONTENTS.
I.—REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER.
F A.—General considerations. Page.

is MNUrOGUCLOry NEMaALkS' <5. 2 250- = sc Jo cuaeseeceeeescusces
Operations of previous years - - wade
Precaution and iime required i tie ae Sessa cat ees
Danger of hasty generalizations. ...-...........:------.---
Methods and direction of research ................-...----
Utilization of work already performed by other depart-
ments of the government ......-....

Corresponding labors of other nations. .........-....-..---
Rapid increase in the work of the United States Fish Com-
MISSIONEL, «5-2-6552 2555 ee ceescsccs

Originally confined to inquiry into the present condi-
tion of the fisheries................

Multiplication of food-fishes subsequently added......

No intermission in the work of the Commissioner. .-..
Amount of correspondence. 2.25 <= --<0nc-ssnncbacicians
Principal associates and assistants in the work..-.--.--..---
MISH ELIGS PLANO. s ae went e lac oa Salemi ee eee ottaiate
Distributionm/branGe ..- 22. tens o-oo een eecn sence
Period of time covered by the report...-.-.---.-----------

pat tt et pe

ww

oo

wm Mm mm Cot CO cw

B.—Inquiry into the decrease of the food-jishes.

>

2. Investigations and operations of 1875.....---.--------.----
Selection of Wood’s Hole as a station .........---- ethan ae
For comparison of results with those of 1871 .--.---.-.
Convenient point for preparing fishery exhibit at Phila-

del phigint SiG) c- seen. ene n eee

Detail of steamer Blue Light by the Navy Department...
Berinning of the work ..-..--..2<:-<n.--c02-+--~-00-=--==6
Associates, assistants, and visitors .-......-..-.-----------
Establishment of a permanent laboratory ..-.-.----.--.----
Location and building furnished by the Light-House
Ot Gee Seo sectetes Sanaa ae ma

The fitting up, mainly by private contributions -..-.-.
@lose' of Sess0I: |. > --.- 26-6 a see aaepn ite eee oh see se ™
Statistics of Whale fishery........---...---------0-----20+

_

aanaa an

QAann

13 F

194 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES,

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

B.—Inquiry into the decrease of the food-fishes—Continued. Page.
3. Investigations and operations of 1876...-.-.-......---.--..
Unofficial work at the Wood’s Hole laboratory .....--...-..
Presence of the Commissioner required at the Philadelphia
EX POSIbON S225 se ccs=e a2 - ese eases

Fisheries and fish culture exhibit at Philadelphia -........
Extent of, the display; <3 35 -425-cnjsee ges eae aces cte sees
Wish hatching exhibit: 2 seas-= seeee esses ceee nese sane ee ee
Wreshifishtexhibit-.-<a-e732 == ase = eeeeas ae eee eee
Acquisition of foreign fisheries exhibits. .....-.........--.
Hope of reproducing it in Washington .........---........

aa

anwnmnmonanrn

C.—The propagation of food-fish.

enn

4.'Generaliconsiderabions, shea o eee eee oneeee eee eee 8
Summary, of results accomplished=-- .<--=---2----- -s4--se6 8
Application for eggs and young fish....-.... See ee aera 9

Rapid increase in their number..--.---.------.-..2.-..- 9
Response by Congress to public demands ..-.......-.-- 10
Limitations)of distribution. --.--2---os-cs-seceeceseue 10
‘Theorysotedistnibution) ess: 4-2 eee eee beaters ae 10
Morelom applications ese ce ace oe eane sees eee eee ear 1
Reasonstoripranting thems.) 0-4-4. ese esccs vec cewes 11
Distribution of eggs and fish young. --..-...--.......%-.. 11
Species covered by operations of United States Fish
Commissions 2s = 2 se soca eee 11
Species covered by State commissions and private ;
DALGIES ieee cr eee Sewn sec eee 11
Relation of the United States Fish Commission to the
American Fish-culturists’ Associa-
GOT oe: eM oe one oe Steamer ee ee 11
Relations to State fish commissions .....-...-.-........--- 12
Increase in number of State fish commissions...-...-- 12
PATITIUG: CONLELONCES ite ene eee a ae ae ee eee eee 12
Meeting at'Philadelphia im 876%. 22.2222 c.- eos eeeee eee 12
Advantazestof Co-Operabionl ecco <ejeel= = cele ete eee 12
Nature of co-operation effected .........-- See eee 13
Sharing OMe xpenses= ss-o- seco -s ses eae eeeeeeee 13
Moralsup porte fo. 22a. - oot ~ cs miceeceseceeerine 14
Interstate relations and co-operation .....-.......-.-..-.-- 14
Relations to the executive departments of the govern-
Mente ce kee an ee 14
Relations to private individuals ...........-..---.---...0<. 14
Relations to foreign countries -.........-------.-.2----s--- 15
Germany:
e OTPanZ2tONS eee rise ee eee eee eee eee 15
Individuals foe oss) sess ec soos see ck eee e Rene ee eeee 16
EU OT ee eee ee emcee aaa eae enee eee 16
Canada...-.- Me ote sorerere eros era Eee ete are aot te 16
Other foreignicountries..= = - ass. oo. ccc ese eee 17
Facilities furnished by railroad companies .........-..---- 17
Facilities furnished by express companies-.-........--..--- 18

5. Actual work of propagation of food-tishes in 1875 and 1876. 20

‘Phe Shad encase oso Se eee eee ow eee ee eee eee 20

SCASON/OL 181622 foc sa neta s 2 aes eee aise see ate 20
The Potomac River Station .........<.----.<..---. 20

The Susquehanna River Station................... 20

The Connecticut River Station. .--.......--.------- 21
Combined resulises: =. —- 2-224... 2-se- see e sane eee eee 21

The Calitormiasalmone. aes es eee ae eee eee eee eee eee 21
The Columbia River Station in 1875 ....-.----......-.- 21
Threatened decrease of the fishery.......--..-.--- 21

Selection of hatching station .................0---. 22

————ee

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continned.

5. Actual work of propagation of food-fishes, &c—Continued.
The California salmon—Continued.

The McCloud River Station in 1875

RTO MOUS HIStONy so. <a ee eee ee

At first occupied part of year only ...........-

Object and need of permanent occupation .....

Established as a government reservation ..........

Commencement of operations in 1875............-.

Distribution of eggs to States ............ -....---

Distribution of eggs to foreign countries.........-

Hatching of fish on account of the United States

penbrally. 22: sess econ ees

Supply of fish to the Sacramento...............-.-

Co-operation of California..................--.

The McCloud River Station in 1876.............-....-.

Resultsof. the season... =. 225..0- 5. .ceccceeseeeeee

Use of refrigerator car for shipping the eggs ....-.

Dist mIpMULOMOL CS eens aa ake eee eee eee

Rothe States 2252. ..cscc csc sebeneoe penee eee

(Eo FOreipnCOUNIOsy:.-- 24 ee ceuee cen aee se nee

Supply of fish to the Sacramento................--

The Atlantic salmon ...-.- beceameanae she assets eaten eee

Seasomot STG ess sss tence aoe seek ee eee

Temporary suspension of work.........---.....-..

Lhovland locked: salmon. ------ss5-s-sesnssseee ss aeeeeee

General nature and geographical distribution of the

GSD Sh tengo ene cee ee eee

Union with Massachusetts and Connecticut in prosecut-

ing the works. 2.5. dsecc-ceaseaeeee

History of previous operations..................-...+.

pehec WakGan Bis oes ase es eaadeteeeeee eee ae

SODeGsAKGVNeIN (as sac ee aon. ban nacre sees

ADGA s sat ae ee SO So ae onda oe eeaics cane a sees apeneen eee
D.—Tables.

Table 7.—Hatching and distribution of fish by the United
States Fish Commission, from the
beginning of its work in 1872 to the
summer Of 1876\---55---0-t ees e anne

ah

I. California salmon, distribution reported. .......---
II. California salmon, distribution not reported.......
Ve Benobseouiselmon, foo cee eee eee ee eee
Ve HINGE SalMUONE +. Hs es aev ec cten ac cccem ewe scaeeaee ane
Vek. dard -lovked Belmonts = seem ee eee ean ee eee
VDE Wihitensh: total: 9:2 48-5 oe ctecc ase cccmaen ess
VIII. Whiteiish, special distribution in 1876.............

IT.—APPENDIX TO REPORT OF COMMISSIONER.
Appendix A.—The sea jisheries.

I. History of the American whale fishery from its
earliest inception to the year 1876.

By Alexander Starbuck............

(AS MIntrOgnGulON 62.5 sans -cn- sem cee ser ee ee eee
B. From 1600 to 1700, Cape Cod; Connecticut;
Long Island; Nantucket; Martha’s

Vineyard; Salem ...... eal emneern eis

195

Page.

RARER KL KERS BSSSESRS

aS

25

25
25
25

25
26
26
26
27
27
27

28

—

196 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

Appendix A—Continued.

I. History of American whale fishery, &c.—Cont’d.
C. From 1700 to 1750, Nantucket ; Long Island;
Cape Cod; Salem; Boston; Rhode
Island; Martha’s Vineyard ..---..--
D. From 1750 to 1784, Nantocket; Martha’s
Vineyard ; Cape Cod; Boston; Long
Island; Rhode Island; New Bed-

ford; Williamsburgh, &c ..... shies
Hs ROM OTA LOM SAG Seems are eles ee eee
F. The dangers of the whale-fishery-.-.----.--.-
G. A miscellaneous chapter. .-.........-..--..-.
H. Introductory to returns: ----.---+.c-se------
I. Returns of whaling-vessels sailing from Amer-

ican ports since the year 1715 .--.--
J. Recorded summary of importation of oil and

bone, and total value computed for
each year, commencing January 1,
1804, and ending December 31, 1876,
with gross valuation for the whole
POLIOG he eters sree wie sterete (Se eisleteree eee
K. Synopsis of importation by ports, from 1804
TOUS N Tee ere c saree nearest eae
L. Table of exports from the United States,
the products of the whale-fishery.. .
M. Table of tonnage of vessels engaged in the
wihale-fiShe@ry: 2c 2= csclatets|aictesiansl= eal
Special table of the whaling interest of New
Bedford and Fairhaven .....-..----
Index to voyages by vessels’ names ...-----
General#index *222 2 26s ses-cr ee a acerseeeieee
List of illustrations ......-. 2 Saetie ete lace

Appendix B.—The inland fisheries.
I. Fisheries of Chicago and vicinity. By E. W.
SNe ISOM Bre elcler aia Pie statis cies eRe marere
AS Sources:of information) 2225496 eee eee
B. Recent increase in sales ........--..--.----
C. Investment and character of lake fisheries
at Chicago and South Chicago. -..-.-.
1 Hisheries at Chicago, .22---.--------=
2. Fisheries at South Chicago ............
D. List of species taken at Chicago and fishing
in adjacent regions....-. --- ....--
. Chicago for spring season of 1875......
. Species taken at South Chicago -.-..--
. Calumet River and Lake .-.--..-.---.-----
Bday Keel ten OU eee aoa scanoaaDecoad
. Illinois River and tributaries. .-..-.---
. List of species in the Illinois River in
the vicinity of Peoria ........-.....
I. The salmon fisheries of the Columbia River, by
Ibiyingstonistone assesses ees
‘Ay che! ColumbiatRiversese-s-- --se-eeeeee =r
B. Questions relative to Salmo quinnat ...---
MON AMO se aac ente ee se seis rae eee
~ Distribution: 2 .sscs22s ecco eeneeeerts
» Abundance. - 2. seceeee ee oeeeeeioate
SIZO: o22 osc cts asee ee sce rebisceeeeeeee
Migrations and movements .......-.--
helationships: ss-eseeee sees eee eee
HOO Geshe eeereey Meee ete ices
; PROPLOdUGt ON te =e raeessenee seeeeees ae
; Artificial culture). -2..s-csesniesomeeem

om WS pe

o>

OMOAAMCR wD

36
77
il4
145
166

168

660
662
700
702
702
711

764
768

783

783
783

785
785
788

789
789
791
793
795
797

799

801
801
802
802
802
802
803
803
807
808
808
810

.
|

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.
RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.
Appendix B—Continued.

III. The salmon fisheries of the Columbia River—
Continued.

10. Protection

MDS BASES {Gases soe oe. 4 te eee

12. Parasites

15 WCRDUNNGEaenc ceca. Secs eeent eee

14. Economical value and application.....

C. Other varieties of salmon...................

Salmo truneatus, Suckley

Salmo proteus, Pallas

Salmo gairdneri, Rich

Fario stellatus, Girard.......-....-.....

Hypomesus pretiosus, (Girard), Gill ....

Salmo spectabilis, Girard

D. Methods of fishing

IV. Notes on somes fishes of the Delaware River,
Dyer Cx CA hottie. sees seeeeee

A. The larger acanthopterous fishes of the Del-
aware River

TS En trOductonysaeh eee ee eae ee

. The yellow perch (Perca Jlavescens),
(Miteh?) eso. eo eee ee eared

. Rock-fish (oceus lineatus) ............
- White perch (Morone americana)....--
- Black bass (Mieropterus salmoides) ....
. Goggle-eyed perch (Pomoxys hexacan-
UALS ec aoe eaar g reas eet ee ee

7. Sunfish (Pomotis awritus)...........-.

River sunfish (Ichthelis appendix) .....

Blue suntish (Ichthelis incisor) .....---

| Spotted sunfish (Hnneacanthus gutta-
Gua) Sete oe ee en
Banded sunfish (Mesogonistius chaeto-

no

oO Oe oO

BOM) anole austere Sac es Conae eee
Mud sunfish (Acantharcus pomotis) ...
8. Pirate of spineless perch (Aphredoderus
IS DONE) eae sree ae eee oe
B. Notes on the winter habits of fresh-water
tishes of the Delaware ............-
V. Method of purifying the residuum of gas-works
before allowing it to pass off into the
water. By J. R. Shotwell .......-.
VI. Tables of temperatures of air and water at sun-
dry stations of the United States
Signal Office, from March, 1874, to
February, 1875, and from March,
1876, to February, 1877, inclusive ..
Appendix O.—The propagation of food-fishes.
VII. The carp and its culture in rivers and lakes,
andi ts introduction into America.
By Rudolph Hessel................
A. Infrogucthion:: -.22\s2 mcs cowees enone eeedekase
B. The races of carp; their history and habits.
1. The species and varieties.............
2. The habits and the mode of reproduc-

3. The growth and size.........cceecccee
C. The culture of carp and construction of

1. Its adaptability to artificial culture...

_

197

825

825
825

828
832
835
836
837
837
837
837
837

837
837

840

841

847

851

865

865

876
876

198 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commissiou—Continued.

Appendix O—Continued.
C. The culture of carp and construction of

ponds—Continued. Page.
2. The localities best adapted toa carp 876
PONG = osc seer ee ei eaceeeeee eae 877
: 3. The construction of the ponds........ 878
4. Stocking the ponds and care of the
FISHES tas sesec eee Eee eecne eens 882
5. Taking the fish from the ponds......- 891
65 Mixedicanp cultunes--esse- eee e eee 892
(-Keeding theicanpesacscer esas eeeeee see 895
8. Extent of carp culture in Europe..--. 896
9: Lhe tablerqualities 2 --ececese n= eleaee 897
VUI. The pr pa eearees and distribution of shad.
By James W. Milmer.....-.-....-.. 901
AS ODEON mine 850 Se see eee aa eer rete 901
1. Station on the Potomac River...--..-.- 901
2. Stations at the head of Chesapeake
BaYi2.w. tehecweseetteetoecomeeecees 902
3. Station on the Connecticut River at
_ South Hadley Falls, Mass........-- 903
B. Tables of shad propagation in 1876.-...---.- 905
IX. On the collection of eggs of schoodic salmen in
1875and 1876. By CharlesG. ne 910
A. Notesion'thejspecies:< 2... --s-cme-2-- ee ee 910
Ve eNomenclaturescseatscceeee] accents 910
2. Distribution and habits of Schoodic
SUMO. sai 2 = =- cece see sinc geie oe 911
B. Spawn gathering in 1875.......---.-------- 914
1. General plan of operations.-....--...- 916
22 CLaKIN OS PAW ee eer aseea=ieieseeeee 914
3. Distribution of the eggs...-.-.....--. 917
C. Spawn gathering in 1876....-...-......-- ae 918
Le ETOparablon sees se -e-Pe ee eee 918
2. Taking fish and spawn.......-...--.- 918
3. Development and distribution......-. 919
X. Operations on the McCloud River in salmon
breeding in 1876, by Livingston Stone 921
JNA AACE EME a no coececcasouScecdapcdos oscice 921
IB. Uhej|salmomeg es: --a-scec acecl-ae =m newinleinielere 921
ey Rakin os pa wiles cer eteccies: saertesceet 921
‘ 2. Shipment of the eggs. ........-....-.- 923
‘ 3. Labor and cost of the eggs...--.----- 924
4.-Summary/ of results=.----ecssceeossee 925
. C. Tables of temperature and condition. of
CLOS cee ee cene en etoeememeeaaas 926
D. List of natural history collections.-.-.....--- 932
XI. Operations on the McCloud River in salmon
breeding in 1876. By Livingston 935
SLY!) Qanecd csance coApSEdoonEAacccoS
A. Condition of the station ........-....-.-.- 935
B. Controversy regarding ownership of fishery 936
C. Beginning of the season....-...-..------..- 938
Dy Takine the salmonrec os) acca s-eee eee 940
E. The shipment of eggs and hatching the sur-
Dluste--eeeeee Rese eeseerone 943
F. Foreign demand for pelea Cf Us eecneesace 945
G. The establishment of new stations..-..-.- 946
H. Tables exhibiting the work and observa-
, GION hese ee Seen eeeeces 947

I. Reservation of the McCloud River fishery by
the Presidentssc-s-2sseeeeeaaeeee 955

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

Appendix C—Continued.

XII. Correspondence relating to the exportation of-

fishes and fish hatching apparatus
to New Zealand, Germany, &c....
A. The shipments made in 1875 to New Zealand
B. Shipments of fish ova in 1876 to New Zealand
C. Shipments of apparatus to Germany, and
COLPESPONGENGE: 5. .coecess an cepens
D. Address made at the meeting of the Ger-
man Fishery Association, at Berlin,
March 16, 1877, by Mr. von Behr-
Sehmoldow, president of the asso-
ciation, member of the German Par-
AMEN. oe nth cee occ s es eee
Alphabetical sindex-s.6 5. cacancsacccsentnsauce

Circular. Questions; cod fishing. 1878.

Circular. Questions; alewife fisheries. 1878.
Circular. Questions; smelt fisheries. 1878.

Blank. Statistics New England fish markets. 1878,
Questions; mackerel fisheries. 1879, January.
Acknowledginent of response. 1879, May.

Circular to accompany mackerel circular. 1879, January.
Ocean temperature blanks. 1878.

Application for fish. 1879, April.

Report. Part V. 1879, October.

Report. Part V, with supplement. 1579. October.

1879. BaiRD, SPENCER F.

199

Page.
959
959

1003

1014
1025

United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. | — | Part V. | — |
Report | of | The Commissioner | for | 1877. | — | A.—Inquiry
into the decrease of food-fishes. | B.—The propagation of fiood-
fishes in the | waters of the United States. | — | Washington: |

Government Printing Office. | 1879. | 8vo. pp. 48, 972.
CONTENTS.
I. —REPOR1I OF THE COMMISSIONER.
A.—General considerations.

1. INTRODUCTORY REMARKS......-.-------------sceecesccess
Number of reports heretofore published .-.--...-------.
Period of the year covered by each report. ...-.-.--.----
Time covered by the present report. .---.-.--.----------
Gradual and great increase in the labors of the Commis-

RIQD eo we aee oem te atene wasn
Labor involved; increase of appropriations .......--.---
Increased interest and co-operation in the work...-.-.-.
Assistants in charge of divisions .... -..---.-----------
Propagation branch.....-..-----------------------+-
Inquiries branch...-.-.-----------+++-++------+++-+--

B.—Inquirics into the history and statistics of food-sishes.

2. FIELD OPERATIONS DURING THE SUMMER OF 1877........

Co-operation of the government departments. ------.----
Of Navy Department in previous years ...----------
In 1877 by detail of steamer Speedwell...-...-------
Officers of the Speedwell. ..-....--.-----------------
Scientific corps...----- -------------++-----+ eee eee cece
Station at Salem, Mass .......------20- -e---+----2-eeeee

VWiditurs nc 2 fadace Sheek sanwsac- onda cedouscnctcees
Nature of operations ....-..-----------seeeeeeeeeeeee

Page.
=

AA

ssAAtAs

ee Sees

200 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

2.

. GENERAL RESULT OF THE FIELD-WORK OF 1877.--.---.---

FIELD OPERATIONS DURING THE SUMMER OF 1877—Cont’d. Page.
Station’ at Halifax:-Nova Scotiaz.. 2222.) --2seeeoseee ee
Movements and final disposition of steamer.-.--...---
WASILOTS w/ot ose ts 2 eyo s soe see wieolge = oe oa Ree eee
Assistance rendered to Commission -.--...-..-----------
By private parties=..22254222-c.essdteo as oee ee ceeeee
By the Dominion minister of customs ---..--..-----
By the minister of marine and fisheries ..----..-----

Continuation of previous researches .-...-.--.----------
Discovery of the pole-flounder, a new and valuable food-

Its economical value and geographical distribution. - *4-*5
Reasons why previously unknown ....-..-.-.---------
Facts connected with distribution of marine fishes.-.-.---
Large collections made for the National Museum, and
for distribution to colleges and

ACADEMIES Ease sesso eee eee *5
Superintendence of work of naming and assorting...-.. *6
C.—The Halifux Convention. i
4. THE EREATY JOB WASHINGTON, <- -.--\2-sec- o-eeeeneeeee *6
Unsettled fishe1y questions between the United States
and British North America .....-... *6
Three-nilesline:.j.8:.22 ease das ec oaces seesiswice ee ces *6
Headlands 7.2 4s2she soa cbee = ae sad nee ewe meas *6
Shelteriandsupplies -eese cet sseee eae ae *6
Sicense system: ..< 5 3.cce02 <c2ih-- sconces sees snaseneee *6
Privileges of Treaty of 18182225822. c0-2) -sasseeeaeee *6
Fishery clauses of Washington Treaty.....-...-....---- a7,
Explanation of provisions -5-2-- 622-6 ses see e ease *8
RatificationbinAs7ss ss tee. sede yen ce as. cease ctoseeeaee *9
Appointment of Commissioners and counsel ...-..-..--- *9
Generalipreliminariesjessss- 4-202 s526 25 oe eee eens *9
5. VUE MRETING SATOH ATARAKe = 5.2225 = Sere eee eeeee *9 ;
Lisvopeningsuneloy Sine se oases sas see ee eee eeceee *9 }
General proceedings and history .-..-.- Bae ees semen *9
Min all award eer peers oaks ese e es ae see eee eee *10
Payment of $5,500,000 by the United States ...-..--- *10 j
6. RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION TO
THE HALIFAX MEETING....-.--.----- *10
Invitation to attend by the Secretary of State. ....--..-- *10 '
Method adopted of obtaining information to be used..-- AL
Distribution of circulars ------.... Seeteeewsceeeeie TT j
Dispatchiot agents... xosais sac cns seciseeeeeeceeiee “11 |
Co-operation of individuals ...... .........2---2.--- “11 )
DeparturertorHalifaxseees = see seer eece ee eeen cece eee wi
Part taken in the meetings...........-....---..--------- *12-*13 ;
Biological and other facts elicited. ................--.--- *12-*13 4
Comparative preparation of the two sides. .........-.... *12
Measures to be taken for securing proper statistics of
uhe sea fisheriesse- = se cece eens *13
Avcknowled oments 2222 = soeee waco eeeeteas des meecee eee *13
D.—Fishery statistics.

7. METHODS ADOPTED AND TO BE EMPLOYED....-..-.------- *13-*14
Action of the Treasury Department .................... *14
Action of the United States Fish Commission........... *14

List’ of circulars alreadyiissued --...:---.-----2.cses *14
Mode of distributing cirenlars © 222-2. 2. --4-cenee *14
One subject only agitated at one time........... *15
Results already claboratcd=s=-- .-- ss- 2. see eee eee *15
Bluefish, scup, whale, and menhaden.....-........-. *15
Subjects now under investigation. ........-............. *15

Information of methods of fishing.................--..- : *15

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. ZOL

RESULTS OF WORK.
1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

E.—Notice of articles relative to the sea-fisheries published in the appendia. Page.
8. ATTEMPT TO UTILIZE EXPERIENCE OF OTHER NATIONS... *16
Fishery statistics of other nations...................--.- *16
Methods of other netions illustrated by apparatus im-
PODLEO tee ero aoe 38 Saleen *16
Proposed improved fishery exhibit in Washington...... *16
Value of information published in Norway......-..----- *16
History of Loffoden Island fisheries. ..........------ *16
Observations by Sars on Loffoden fisheries.......... w17
Sea-fisheries; of (Norway ass. cuses canoe .asees qcee ewe eT,
Geographical distribution of Gadide.............-..--- ai,
First five years of Emden herring-fishery. .-.-.-.-.-...-- 17
MEd SHETICNIOL | SWEGEM Ae Sates a ceaes 4. sade dae sesaeee ees mii
9) ORIGEVAT/COMMUNIGATIONS o.2<. o<2.--=-0-0-coseeceeccue +i
Jbservations with the Casella-Miller thermometer, by
Commander L. A. Beardslee......-. ii
F.—The propagation of food-fishes.
10° (GENERAL, CONSIDERATIONS. 22. <--~---eseceiscs-cseccceens *18
Unreasonable expectations in regard to results of fish-
Guilture! = - oso secbe sees ae Pacer *18
Time required for determination as to success ...-..-..... *18
Some causes of error or fallacy.......-.------------- *18
State commissions acting in 1871 .....-..........-.-cee0 *19
DLALOCOMUIMISSLONS UNELS Tie tease niece cates perenne eiees *19
Amount of work done by them............-...-...0. *19
Lake States especially noteworthy.....-....-------- *19
Co-operation with United States Fish Commission. . *19
. Direch 22-2-s2=- Dies aise nomic hob ae wemieaiciseskie ce *19
Indirect, as in distribution of salmon, &c-...-.-.-- *19
Applicationstfor erosiandifish —- 22. 0-cc<-0se<sccencesee *20
Rapid. increase in‘number......--..-.........ss.<ece *21
) Method Gb TeCOLVdin met 23255 )6 oo on sco nee anionic cisivie b's *21
Principle of making selections .. .-.....-............-- *21
| Applications to be made through members of Con-
. ONEBA Saas 5 s5scise eas eamesscseseseoe *21
| Increase in demand from foreign countries. --..--------- : “21
Principal nations making application.......-.------- *22
, Application other than for eggs or fish....--.----------- *22
The general co-operation by State commissions. -...- *22
| For assistance in working the Clackamas establish-
f VOT ae ve crea eseaoaelewie anal tme miete *22
| By foreign commissioners and fishery authorities. --. *22
Trom Germany for models of hatching apparatus. *23
From Japan for a similar purpose -..-.---------- *23
From Chili and Eeuador for general information
concerning fishes. ...--------------- *23
| : From British Columbia in regard to the utilization of
salmon refuse..........------------ *23
From New Brunswick in regard to the canning of
NODSUAES <3 J. --sancan'sesmnmieeeneeces *23
Fishes not comprehended in the plans of the Commission.
Trout and black bass... .----------- *23
’ General enumeration of fish treated by the United States
Oommission --25--- =. <--> ==-=-===5 *24
U1. FACILITIES AND ASSISTANCE RENDERED TO THE UNITED
SravTEs Fist COMMISSION. ..-------- *24
By government departments. .-.---------+-+---+----+---+ *24
| The Navy and Army ..----.------------e--++e--0-=00 *24
By State fish commissions. ..---------------++--++++----- *24
By railroad companies. .----.-----------+-+++++++++-+-+>- *24
By express companies. ----- -----++++++++2++-+eeeeereees *26
By steamship companies..---.-----+-++++++ee-re+ee+020+ *26

By individuals. ......------++--++-ee-2+eeeeeeceeeeeeee aa *26

-

202 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

12. LEGISLATION AND PROTECTION OF THE FISHERIES .-..----

13.

Antagonism between prosecutors of different methods of

fishing 22235 sae c ee sa ade meee eey
Absence of legislation on part of the general government.
The Washington Treaty as affecting the rights of fisher-

Objections to modes /of fishing: ~~: 2222-2 e ce ce= cc eecces
Appeal against trawling by inhabitants of Block
Island; 2-2 -2-=- Stele eee eee a eta

Relation of the States to fishery interests.......-------.
Establishment of close time .-------.-.-------.-...-
Removal or palliation of obstructions ......---...-.-
Fish-baskets especially injurious.....-.....--...
Limitations as to size of fish sold.-.....--...-.......

WORKS ACCOMPIISHED FIN SUT a ee yaa amare cin cin aisinieniee ee
Dhegsnade sees eee bec eote stots ators orn ee eel
The Susquebannaistawlon eee ps stewi- ee see
Reasons for temporary discontinuance of more
southern stations) 22-225 --ee sees

Concentration on work in Susquehanna and Con-
necticut 7.2 323-e26. ue eee cee ees

Defects of floating. boxes! 22.2. ---25-see—025- =e
Improved apparatus of T. B. Ferguson...-...-.
Experiments with this apparatus -.....-........

Work done on the Susquehanna. ..--.-.........-.

The Connechicubistabion’ — 2222-2 eeeee-s- eer eeeeee
Transfer of apparatus to South Hadley Falls. -.
Co-operation of Massachusetts commissions... - -.
Bloating boxes MseG sese= eee = ee 2 eee eee eee
Microscopical investigations of H. J. Rice...-..-
Experiments at Windsor Locks -...---.--.--.---
Reference to Mr. Milner’s report ...-..-..-..---

The: Pacific;salmon. 22) -eepeececeees-ce sees saeco see
The Clackamas station 242252250 cnn < oe mee eeece
Alaim of canners at decrease of salmon in the
ColumbiaeRiver eas. -sensa-aeemeee

Dispatch of Mr. Stone to organize a station at ex-

pense of Oregon and Washington

Fish Propagation Company. --..---

Difficulties in selection of site....-..........--.-
Reasons for choosing Clackamas River.........-

Work required to get the station in running or-

Resultsvaccomplishede. ce sacs soe attest Se ae ete
The: McCloud Riveristationa. --o--s2-4-e-sease eee
Assistance in keeping order rendered by the
PATTY) ae eee a= oie seem tnicinis eee cee
Interference of illegal fishing with the results. .
Dates iof takin eo fishy 4-4-6 222s --o=<5 ssn eee
Shipment of eggs by refrigerator car.--.---.---.
Deposit of young fish in the Sacramento River...
General results of the season........-..--------
General distribution of eggs.......-........--.-
Foreign distribution of eggs of the Pacific salmon.
Applications from Germany and elsewhere. -
Selection of Mr. Mather to accompany the
COCR 3 ner aaa eae ceeeeeseeece cams

Arrival of eggs in Chicago, October 7..-.---.
Mode of packing, and number of crates. ....
Departure on the Mosel.......-...----------
Arrival invBrem elles sssseseee esses aieeceet=

Page.
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Sere

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK.

1, Publications of the Commission—Continued.
13. Work accomplished in 1877—Continued.

Foreign distribution of eggs—Continued.
TOS CE PRES Recess otacnaenaannassacmeend
Delivering to Holland and France. .........
Genbral mean lia’ oot see). ~ ud.as aes woathade ute oo
‘Khe zAthlontigtaninion, 2552 -ekes te. 152 eee ae aneswseeeeee
Buckaport:statione sn. seek aoe cee eae
No work prosecuted there during the year......
Proposed renewal of operations...............--
Results of labors of previous years...............-.
In the Delaware River: ...-.5-.5...<c0sec-sconse
Capture of fish near Trenton..............-.
Current history of salmon-planting in that
TIVOLI ok) oue boss tens ge vesjccw am
Inahe Connechientias. << sn2.02-2es5-ceaeece ee
Ungihe MiGrrimack:/15-.) ops 201 0ea eas cseeeeeaee
Theviland-lecked! Salmon, 222 oo bencn, ce oce=ncasaacuueacese

Reference to Mr. Atkins’ report ...........-.-..-
Combination of effort with certain States........

| Distribution of eggs in the United States.......
Distribution to Germany and France.........-.--

| PALS ORIG SAlNONE= testes a sees et eases a eee
Considerations as to its being a land-locked fish. .

Canadian establishment in charge of Mr. Wilmot.
| Donation of eggs to the United States Fish Com-
WUSSLONN ie = iin einls wns smi es ae

Introduction of fry into Otsego Lake, N. Y-...---

SWARTbORS Hse 2 otros <ohs t oaphe Shes occa idee tse ewes ane

North ilies MichS (Siiuion 2 J-cos.cse. ape e ose Seno cee

Supply to the United States ....................

Supply who Germanys = eee nse eae ee ca eee

Failure of the latter experiment..-.--.--.----.

Supply to New Zetland: --- 5 ce oe cee a ceaeee

The European marine whitefish. ......------------

Donation of 1,000 eggs to the United States Fish

Commission by Mr. Eckardt-.-----

Introduction of fry into Lake Gardner, Mich. --.

MOI CaE Dee ee aaa ae soe eect ponlewocien enone sees

Its introduction an especial object of the United

States Fish Commission.--.--..-----

Its value as a food-fish. ....--.---...---------.--c2e00

General treatment! =~ 5-23 --- oe oo sce nnnsnononenens

American rivals of the same family. -.-.----.---------

. Warietiés'of carp) .-.-..--.-..s.csece- sce enne = ecunse
Advantages of carp-culture....-...---------------+ .

Rate of growth of carp ..--.------------++---------. ‘

Applicability of the fish for certain localities. --.---
Previous steps taken for introduction. .-......------
Recent efforts in charge of Mr. R. Hessel. ..--------
First trial unsuccessful ..-...--...--------------
Second satisfactory..-..--.------------ceeceeeees
Number of fish imported. .--..-.-..---------

Placed in Druid Hill Park, Baltimore..-.-..

United States carp ponds in Washington...-.-.--- ee
Congression“l appropriations -..-...--.----------
Plans for a permanent establishment --..-------
Other experiments in carp-culture in the United
States’... --.-escccwececncnceccescne

Alleged introduction of carp into the Hudson
RARER’... 2 tow ceen sone ae enema eee :

Probably not the genuine carp..--.---------
Introduction by Mr. Poppe into Sonoma, Cal.......-

203

Page.

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204 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.
RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

13. Work accomplished in 1877—Continued. Page.
‘The Huropean Penchas-=-- ss sce eae eeeieneins ates *44
Introduction by Mr. Hessel with the carp...-...--.. *44
Special peculiarities and value ..............-2------ *44
20NG) ROUGH 6S oeerbease doa Senccaus secoononascanceos *44
Introduction by Mr. Hessel.--.-...----.2-..- 22.5500. *44
Phe ReMNErTIN yee yasee se oe a se esee eee sleaeeaeeeenes *44
Importance as an article of food -....-.......- Reon *44
Peculianities ofits eo 28.20. == ee. sia> seen eee eee *44
Spawning habits of the fish. .---------=-------=--s-—— *45
Experiments at Noman’s Land, by Vinal N. Ed-
WARIS eons ae eee see natal ae eens *45
Experiment in Germany by Dr. H. A. Meyer...----- *45
Special arran gemenfs required for artificial hatching. *45

Variations in specific gravity of eggs of different
fishes; some lighter, others heavier

than watertenseesese sae eee *46
Comparison of eggs of Californiasalmon and trout... *46
ThesHuropean:turbotiandisole 2. 2--- os. 2-22 - eae *46
Great variety of food-fishes already in American
Wabers! a. 2 ccs eccse sack saan eceee *46
Propriety of adding turbot and sole to the number .-.- *46
Interest taken by Mr. J. G. Kidder, of Boston. -.----- *46
Employment of Mr. Mather to bring over a supply
Prous Hino lon dieeeeeee eeeerese ee *47
Assistance tendered by English gentlemen-.....--.--- *47
Difficulties experienced in getting fish. ....-..--.---- *47
Assistance of Cunard Steamship Company. --..----- *4T |
Fish brought over and place of deposit ..-...-.-.----- *47
Acknowledgment to the Treasury Department - --.-- *48

II.—-APPENDIX TO REPORT OF COMMISSIONER.
Appendix A.—The sea-fisheries.

I. G. Brown Goopr. A history of the menhaden. By G.
Brown Goode, curator of United
States National Museum; with an
account of the agricultural uses of
fishes, by Prof. W. O. Atwater, pro- ;
tessor of chemistry, Weslyan Uni-

: versity, Middletown, Conn.....-...-
SectionvAL In troduchonaes-a seers eee eee eee eee ee eee 1 |
Section B. The names of the menhaden....-..-..-------- 6
Section C. A description of the American species of Bre-
voortia, with anatomical and physio-
logical notes..--.-..-- See eeseee cee 19
Section D. Geographical distribution, and the movements
Of the|sGhoolsieescssee ene eee eee 35
Section E. Abundance of the menhaden comparative and
absolute, .s.5-c20- cacao ocenerecee 78 .
Section I. Hood)ofthemenhaden®-- 222 25--22--2seeeee =e : 93
Section G. Reproduction of menhaden.........--.----.-- 95
Section H. The enemies and fatalities of the menhaden. 101
Sention I. The menhaden fisheries ........-.-...---.---- 113
Supersection. Economical value and applications of the
menhad en os stesen see ee eee eee 135
Section K. The menhaden as a source of food ......----- 135
Section L. The menhaden as a bait-fish.--..-.----.------ 141
Section M. The manufacture of oil and guano -..-..-..--- 161

Section N. Menhaden and other fish, and their products,
as related to agriculture. By W.0O.
Atwater. (See also Appendix O.).. 194

- FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 205

RESULTS OF WORK.
i a Ecations of the Commission—Continued.

Il.—Appendix to report of Commissioner—Continued.

Appendix A. Circular relating to statistics of the men- Page.
haden fishery... <\<cin~-cmecsgecetnes 268
Appendix B. List of correspondents from whom contribu-
tions have been received ..........- 271
Appendix C. Bibliography of literature relating to the
menhaden:<_a-cc vc aees eee eoanetaee 274
Appendix D. Extracts from writings of ichthyologists
relating to the menhaden .......... 279

Appendix E. Catalogue of specimens in the United

States National Museum illustrat-

ing the history of the menhaden. -.. 289
Appendix F. Tables of ocean temperature for certain

points on the east coast of the United

WLHUON'. ccna ctcrnareneccknaeee cases 291
Appendix G. Table showing comparative amounts of
menhaden, mackerel, shad, and ale-
Wives inspected in the State of -
Massachusetts, 1804 to 1877 ........ 295
| : Appendix H. List of manufacturers of menhaden oil and
guano. Compiled by Mr. Jasper

PUY Ole nese cose easenten sense cee te 296
Appendix I. Partial list of vessels employed in the men-
NadensHshery..-c-..Jsc<atesseecase 297

Appendix K. Prices-current of menhaden oil and review
| of the markets (from the Oil, Paint,

and Drug Reporter) .......-.-.----- 299
Appendix L. Proceedings of the United States Menha-

den Oil and Guano Association..... 358
Appendix M. Annual reports of menhaden oil and guano

manufacturers in the State of Maine. 368
Appendix N. Statements of correspondents. ....--.----- 373
Appendix O. Miscellaneous items regarding the use of

PAM COMeMAMNO See sale ae lalate 483

Appendix P. Exports of mehhaden oil from the port of
New York from January, 1875, to
JULY MIB iS. ses see twee ceewes ceases 503
Appendix Q. Supplementary works, September 22, 1878. 506
(For list of illustrations, occupying 31 plates, see page 15.)
Tl. Kart ‘Dampeck. Geographical distribution of the
Gadide, or the cod family, in its re-
lation to fisheries and commerce.
By Karl Dambeck. ‘Translated

from the German. -s.ssses< essen 531
A. Characteristics of the Gadide@......-.....----------- 631
HN GrenerullgistripuU Wows soaee oon eo nole sce seam os amie eens 534
C. The Arctic region of the Gadid@ .....---.-.--------- 536
D. The Atlantic region of the Gadide@ .......-..---------- 543
E. The Pacific region of the Gadid@.........----------- 545
F. Distribution and fishing of the different species..--.. 547
G. Fisheries and trade .......-----...02.------cccencsnns 555

Til. Anonymous. An account of the Loffoden Islands of

Norway. Translated by H. Jacob-

son from the German. .-.-------.---- 559-564
IV. G. 0. Sars. Report of practical and scientific investiga-

tions of the cod fisheries near the

Loffoden Islands, made during the

years 1864-69. sy G. O. Sars.

‘Translated by H. Jacobson from

the Norwerian: . +. -s.assawseueeses 565
A. Report for 1864 ......------------ +2220 -eeeee ee eereee 565
B. Report for 1865. .....------------+ +--+ 222s eee rceceee 581
C. Report for 1866 and 1867....---------+---+++++++++-2-++ 587
I. Report for 1868 and 1869 ...... .----++--+++eeeseeeeeees 599

206
RESULTS OF WORK.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES,

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

V. G.O. Sars. Report of practical and scientific investiga-

A.

B
Cc
Dz
G

I,

. O. SARS.

Report for 1870

. Report for 1871
. Report for 1872

Report for 1873

Report for 1874

tions on the cod fisheries near the
Loffoden Islands, made during the
years 1870-73. By G. O. Sars.
Translated from the Norwegian by
HH. SACODSON 1-6 cae cose see e eee eone

Report made to the Department of the In-

terior of investigations of the salt-
water fisheries of Norway during
the years 1874-77. By Prof. G. O.
Sars. Translated from the Norwe-
gian by H: Jacobson ------------.--

TL ROPOLO OLN 810 ces os per eens oo se ene eee eee
A. The mackerel fisheries of our Southern and West-

ORM COaSslS= oo creeeeceeteceseneeree

B. The lobster and the lobster fisheries on our South-

C. On drag-net

ern and Western coasts ........----
fishing on the coast from Nevlung-
haven to Ténsbergfiord

WI. Extracts from Prof. G. O. Sars’ report on the Norwe-

gian Atlantic expedition of 1876..-.

A; Zoological observations 22... .--24--e-sen eee eee

B. Investigation of the salt-water fisheries..........
‘

N. Preliminary report on the zoblogical observations

made during the second Norwegian
polar expedition of 1877 ....-....---

Y. Report onthe practical and scientific investigation

of the salt-water fisheries, made
during the second Norwegian polar
expeditionOl 187i ee see eee eee

VII. M. Frieve. An account of the fisheries of Norway in

ie
B.

Bo

F.
G.
H.

Te

Introduction ..
The cod fishery

1. Apparatus used in the cod fishery
. The daily fishing
se Quality (ofthe cod esc e- see cee eee eee eeeeee
-ereparation Of the cod) cc sccsccs-nocleeti-ae cesses
a ereparationiontherollecn. -ce-cesencenceecoreeaeee

ONAMP ON

1877. By M. Friele. Translated
from the French by J. Paul Wilson.

. Other species of the genus Gadus .......-..-.---.-
. The codfish trade....... Swislae bis wia(s Soisicinesivice, toasts
. The herring fish

ery

Le eheIsprin gy erring see paaserissreeeee esse seme
2. The great herring in Nordland...................-

3. The summer
Phe wbrishin otis henyjer tee tee e ee incre ee aie ee eineees
. The mackerel fishery

herring

1. Apparatus and methods im use......-....--.-.----
2. Preparation of the mackerel, and the trade ..-.....
The lobster fisherys-.-2-s<se- scene sass enasiemeeeieee
The whalevfishery 2222: ssc cose ecewele ee edeeecee

The seal fishery

The salmon fishery

J. Miscellaneous fishemessscesa--speoseecasese cee eeceeete

Page.
612

612

630

635
643-662

663
667

667
674
680

681
681
687

692

698-706

707
707
107
710
713
715
716
717
718
718
722
723
723
728
729
730
731
731
733
733
735
735
736
736

FISHERIES
RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

VII. M. FRIEtE.

OF THE UNITED STATES.

An account of the fisheries of Norway in
1877—Continued.

K. Value of the principal products of the Norway fish-

a ed

VIEL. G.

HUA
gs
Bp
@
4
3
oO
we
Eh
Dn
So
zg

IX. eee Taste

- Value at places of export
. Value at the fisheries
. Statistics of the winter and spring fisheries
. Statistics of the summer fishe ary

QQIGS Sctais aes ss ee eee eee

. Products of other fisheries

Vow YHLEN. Report on the sea- fchrarieg, of fis Lin

of Goteborg and Bohus in the year
1877. By Gerhard Von Yhlen.
Translated from the Swedish by
Dr. Josua Lindahl

“The first five years of the Emden
Joint Stock Herring Fishery Asso-
ciation. By Senator Dantziger, of
Emden. Translated from the Ger-
man by H. Jacobson ...............

Appendix B.—The propagation of food-jishes.

X. ANONYMOUS.

XI. LivInGston STONE.

XI. Livineston STONE.

The best food for young salmonoids and
for larger salmonoids in ponds.
Translated from the German by
A ROODSOI onto Peso aaesecee ona
Report of operations at the salmon-
hatching station on the Clackamas
River, Oregon, in 1877. By Liv-
ing stoni Stones. Se. see eee
Report of operations Bi the United
States salmon-hatching station on
the McCloud River, California, in
1877. By Livingston Stone. .-......

XII. Frep Marner. Account of trip to Europe with eggs of

XIV. CHARLES G. ATKINS.

1
2
3
4
5.
Table
Table

Table

Table

Table

the Quinnat salmon. By Fred
Mather 2. o:.eceee Use 6 2.2 ia

Report on the collection and dis-
tribution of Schoodic salmon eggs
in 1877-78. (With one plate.) By
Charles'G-.cAtkine 2 s-4-00-5-2e-252

nN eLoparatlOng A: 2 i. Sc ecn.soseet face) ee CeCe
ene FISHING Se: c= veep e a eapeaenien bande seus Lee

Peaking SPRWW 255 ..s-ceaaensceses rasa shese+ ceccae

PINCH PRION ee 2c eee ee a eat as oa

I. Record of fishing at Grand Lake Stream,.
Maine, October and November, 1877.

II. Record of spawning operations, Grand Lake
Siream LB v= se cenee ede eee ee

III. Record of surplus of salmon spawn from
Grand Lake Stream, January and

February, 1878 .

IV. Statement of the distribution of young
Schoodic salmon, 1878..............

V. Observationson the temperature and weather
at Grand Lake Stream, 1875-’78 ....

207

Page,
737

737

738

738

739
739, 740

741
741
742
743
743
749, 750

751-776

779-782

783-796

797-810

811-816

817
817
818
820

822

823

208 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RESULTS OF WORK. |

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

Report on Schoodic salmon eggs—Continued.

Table VI. General summary of observations on tem-
perature of Grand Lake Stream from
October, 1875, to March, 1878, inelu-

Table VII. Measurements of Schoodic salmon at Grand
ake|Stream, d875e-e-- sees] eseeeeee
Table VIII. Measurements of Schoodic salmon at Grand
Lake Stream) IS76_---40----eeeeeeee
Table IX. Measurements of Schoodic salmon at Grand
ake Streams U87feee--eseeo eee Bethe
Table X. Record of spawning operations at Grand
Takeistreams 187b- saeco saeco eee
Table XI. Record of spawning operations at Grand
Lake Stream: 18iGs-ceess-s2eeeee ees

Illustrations.

Plan of the ineclosures used at the Schoodie salmon-
breeding establishment, Grand Lake
Stream, 1877. Plate facing page...
(Explanation on the back.)

JAMES W. MILNER. The propagation and distribution
of shad in 1877. By Jas. W. Milner.

A. Station on the Susquehanna River near Hayre de
Graces Md. espe ae ee see

B. Station on the Connecticut River at South Hadley
Walis\ Massv=.-.ce 2-2 ee eee

C. Tables of shad propagation in 1877 .......-...--..---

. R. ECKHARDT. The experiments in propagating the

XVII.

Maifisch (Alosa vulgaris), in 1876
and 1877. By R. Eckhardt........-
FreD MaruHer. ‘The experiment of transporting turbot
and sole from England to America.
By Kred Mather2> 225" -2-2ee ee

. Kart Mosius. How can the cultivation of the oyster,

especially on the German coast, be
made permanently profitable. By
Karl Mobius, translated from the
German by H. Jacobson.-..---.--..-

Appendix C.—Miscellaneous.

. L. A. BEARDSLEE. Experiment upon the time of ex-

posure required for accurate ob-

servations with the Casella-Miller

deep-sea thermometer. By Com-

mander L. A. Beardslee, United

USES ING fees a ae eee ee eee

JOHN GAMGEE. On artificial refrigeration. By John
Gamgee, London, England .--..--..

2 UnbroductiOns see 2:26 ses a= 50-22 Se sfsemses 2,5 ae eee
Importance of fish-culture in Great Britain........-.
. Origin of knowledge of artificial cooling. .-.......--.
. Definition of an ice-machine..........-.....---....--.
T'ypesofice-¢machines2032.. J. 2: ds-cccsee ceeeeeace
Thermodynamic laws 22222 s25.5--c2--2--e eee Se eee
On cryogens or cold-generating salts....--..----.-..-
Special examples of cryohydrates ..................-
Table of freezing-mixtures (Guthrie) .........---.-.-
. Organic crystalloids in water .-.........-..-.-.--.-.-
» Cryogemmmachines tre: ---¢2-- ese sac. ~ sce eeen eee
Chloride of calcium ice-machine .-......-.-.----..-.-
-aGases and their lquetaction 2-=---2--2225> -seeseeeee
IN. }Onrammoniteesen sesh ace con es. ees a ciees scenes eee
0. The progressive stages in ice-making inventions....-.

BeAaH Roe sonP

Page.
841

842

846

847
847
349
850

853-863

867-887

887, 900, 901

901
901
903°
903
906
907
907
908
910
912
913
914
915.
917
922
925

RESULTS

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 209

OF WORK.
1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.
XX. JOHN GAMGeER. On artificial refrigeration—Cont'd. Page.
P.. Alir-machines). 2222. ssocbet ee ee ee 940
Q. Gas ice-machines of new type........-...------------ 943
i. deneines and) pumpsese seed) oe a eee ee ee 944
‘R. Refrigerators and condensers ......---.-----esceeeeee 948
yo. Dhermo-flacialiengine 26-22 eee, eee ee eee ee 950
T. Dry cold air as a preservative. ......---0-.+-e-------- 951
Ws Doesiite dry. airiss20) 4 ot oe OF ee 959
V. Proposed improvement in freezing fish............-.. 959
W. Preservation of bait and fish. ...- See eee 960
X. Preservation of salmon, cod, halibut, &e ............ 964
MorDry old: without 1Ces+cceo-s05-2 cece ee eee ee 967
fe SWS b Lib GU ungmehte eds eee ee ST 968
Z.Z. On rendering sea-water potable ..........-....---..-. 969
Conclusion 3 s3..cue2see ee hi ee 972
Illustrations.

Ice-making machine, Perkins’ specification; plate to face
DB EC an -astaberesa cet eee aee eee 926
Carries apparatus; Ne nreio-o<sse nse senenctieeeeec es 933
Tellier’s British patent, plate to face page..............- 936
sudlowas- enone: Mignre ll: s.266 sosse eee ees hee esasane 946
MOCO Ww Ss eneMeyhapune yn aseeesse= = ee eee == neces 947
Sudlowis engine, Migure\s. =n. sccss<n2caoc eee eee eee 948
Gamgee’s condenser and refrigerator, plate to face page. 949

45.

56.

66.
a

68.
Ae

Record of dredging stations (blank). 1879, September.
Cireular inviting co-operation. F.C, & Census, 1879, July.
Returns for 40, 1879, July.

Circular relating to fish trade. 1879, July.

. Returns for 42. 1879, July.
. Prospectus of investigation. 1879, August.

Note-book for statistics of fishery marine. 1879, September.
Fishery marine blanks. 2d ed. 1879, September.
Letter to persons interested in fish culture. 1879, October.

. Questions to accompany 47. 1879, October.
. Circular to practical fish culturists. 1879, October.

Fixtures for salmon hatching. F.C. Report, Part 6. 1879, October.
Coast town index. 1879, October.
Hectograph letter to Rhode Island postmasters. 1879, November.

. The river fisheries. 1879, October.
. Letter of the Postmaster-General to postmasters. 1879, October.

43 revised. Postmasters upon fish consumption. 1579, October.
Property record, 1879, October.

Measurements of fishes, old.

Property receipts, old No. 3179.

. Questions relating to the menhaden (hektograph) (two forms), 1879,

November.

. Seale for fish measure. 1879, December.
. Record of observations at hatching stations, old.

Record of operations at hatching stations, old.

. Record of distribution, old.
. Book record of collection of eggs, old.

Ingersoll’s oyster circular (two forms). 1880, January.
Record of river fisheries to accompany 68 (hektograph). 1880, February.
Book record of river fisheries, 1880, February.

210 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.
RESULTS OF WORK.

1. Publications of the Commission—Continued.

69. Record of ocean temperatures for use on mackerel and menhaden ves-
sels. 1880, February.

70. Edmonds’ circular to Maryland oyster dealers and Baltimore fish dealers
(two forms). 1880, February.

71. Hektograph letter to postmasters about imperfect returns. 1879, De-
cember.

72. Supplement to 41 (hektograph). 1879, December.

73. Fish-guano letter to postmasters (hektograph). 1879, December.

74. Inquiry for coast-town addresses (hektograph). 1880, January.

75. Inquiry for coast towns (hektograph). 1880, February.

76. Blank form; expenses tenth census of the United States; statistics of
the fisheries.

77. Menhaden fishery marine (two forms). 1880, February.

78. Berlin shipping list. 1880, February 20.

79. Letter in regard to Berlin exhibits. 1880, February 25.

80. Letter in regard to New York markets (Phillips). 1880, February,

81. Railroad circular, 1880, February.

82. Manufacturers’ circular. 1880, February.

b. Collections.

PHOTOGRAPHS.

See series of photographs and color-sketches of North American
fishes.

UPWARDS OF EIGHT HUNDRED CASTS of coast and fresh-water
species.
(See under A, V to VIII.)

c. Active work in fish culture.

MAP SHOWING THE OPERATIONS OF THE U. S. FISH COMMISSION FROM
1871 TO 1879, AND THE LOCATIONS OF ALL STATIONS OF THE UNITED
STATES AND STATE FISH COMMISSIONS, AND THE DATES OF ESTAB-
LISHMENT OF THE VARIOUS STATE COMMISSIONS.*

Haplanations.

The locations where young fish have been planted are shown by the
following symbols:

“Triangle, red,” Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).

‘Square, red,” Sebago salmon (Salmo sebago).

“Circle, red,” Quinnat salmon (Salmo quinnat).

‘* Cross, red,” whitefish (Coregonus albus).

*These details are laid down upon the outline map of the United States and other
portions of North America, prepared for the Smithsonian Institution (1875), by W. L.
Nicholson, topographer, Post-Office Department, on a scale of 16 miles to the iach
(1:1,013,760), in twenty sheets, covering an area of 16% feet long (horizontally) by 15
feet wide (vertically).

The sheets of this map were originally prepared to serve as a basis for showing the

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 212

‘‘ Trefoil, blue,” shad (Alosa sapidissima).

“Diamond, green,” carp (Cyprinus carpio).

‘‘ Maltese cross,” stations for hatching or investigation.

The date of the establishment of each State commission is indicated
by conspicuous figures.

The locations of stations are indicated by conspicuous numbers, the
explanation of which is given in the following table:

LIST OF HATCHING AND ZOOLOGICAL STATIONS.

1.—U. S. Zoological Station Eastport, Me., 1872.

2.—U. S. Zoological Station, Portland, Me., 1873.

3 —U. S. Hatching Station, Grand Lake Stream, Maine. Salmo sebago.
4.—U. 8. Hatching Station, Bucksport, Me. Salmo salar.

5.—U. S. Zoological Station, Gloucester, Mass., 1878.

5.—U. 8. Hatching Station, Gloucester, Mass., Gadus morrhua.
6.—U. 8. Zoological Station, Salem, Mass., 1577.

7.—U. S. Zoological Station, Provincetown, Mass., 1879.

8.—U. S. Zoological Station, Wood’s Holl, 1871-75.

9.—U. S. Zoological Station, Noank, Conn., 1874.
10.—U. 8S. Hatching Station, Holyoke, Mass. Alosa sapidissima,
11.—U. 8. Hatching Station, Baltimore, Md. Cyprinus carpio.
12.—U. S. Hatching Station, Havre de Grace, Md. Alosa sapidissima.

TR

13.—U. S. Hatching Station, Washington, D.C. Cyprinus carpio.
14.—U. 8. Hatching Station, Freestone Pt., Va. Alosa sapidissima.
15.—U. 8. Hatching Station, Avoca, N. C. Alosa sapidissima.

16.—U. S. Hatching Station, Baird, Cal. Salmo Quinnat.

17.—U. 8. Hatching Station, near Baird, Cal. Salmo irideus.

18.—U. 8. Hatching Station, Clackamas River, Oregon. Salmo quinnat.

=

19.—U. 8. Zoological Station, Halifax, N. S., 1877.
£0,—Maine Hatching Station, Rangeley Lake.
21.—New Hampshire Hatching Station at Plymouth.
22.—Massachusetts Hatching Station at Winchester.
23,—New York Hatching Station at Caledonia.
24,—New York Hatching Station at Coxsackie. Alosa sapidissima.
25,—Pennsylvania Hatching Station at Marietta.

26,—P -nnsylvania Hatching Station at Corry (Erie County).

LR

ce

larger features of the physical geography and other statistics of the United States, to
accompany some of the governmental exhibits in the International Exhibition of 1876,
at Philadelphia, wherein are deposited several of these maps by the Smithsonian In-
stitution, the Agricultural Department, the Light-House Board, and the Post-Office
Department.

The entire map extends from the southern shores of Lake Winnipeg and Hudson’s
Bay to the parallel of 15°—taking in the whole of the Gulf of Mexico, Yucatan, and
the larger West India Islands.

From east to west it includes parts of Nova Scotia and of Vancouver Island.

The territory of Alaska is shown on a smaller scale, detached, in a vacant corner of
the map.

The details are restricted to the general features—the shore-lines of the oceans and
great lakes, the principal rivers, State and international boundaries, and a few of the
larger cities. The mountain-topography is not (litho-printed) on the sheets, but
added by hand—the meridians and parallels being laid down from a computed

projection.

213 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

27.—Maryland Hatching Station at Baltimore.

28.—Virginia Hatching Station, head of Rappahannock River. Alosa sapidissima.
29.—Virginia Hatching Station at Berkeley.

30.—North Carolina Hatching Station at Morganton.

31.—Ohio Hatching Station at Toledo. Coregonus albus, ete.
32.—Michigan Hatching Station at Niles.

33.—Michigan Hatching Station at Detroit. Coregonus albus.
04,—Wisconsin Hatching Station at Milwaukee. Coregonus albus.
39.—Wisconsin Hatching Station at Madison.

36.—lIowa Hatching Station at Anamosa.

37.—Utah Hatching Station at Salt Lake.

I. PROTECTION.

1. GAME LAWS. (See reports.)
2. FISH-WAYS.
GROOVE FISH-WAYS.

15355. Model of fish-way. James D. Brewer, inventor, Muncy, Lycoming
County, Pa. In this fish-way the water runs in a zigzag groove
which breaks its force without the formation of eddies. Patented.

26106. Smaller model of the above.

BOX, STEP, OR POOL FISH-WAYS.

26107. Model of fish-way. James D. Brewer, Muncy, Pa. Patented by
Daniel Steck. In this the water is retarded in its desent by means
of transverse sloping floors.

INCLINED FISH-WAYS WITHOUT STEPS.

29283. Model of old Pennsylvania fish-way. Built at Columbia, on the Sus-
quehanna River, in 1866. Designed by James Worral. Scale, 4 inch
to the foot. C. G. Atkins, Bucksport, Me.

29284, Model of old Pennsylvania fish-way. Built at Columbia, on the Sus-
quehanna River, in 1873. Designed by James Worral. Scale,4inch
to the foot. C. G. Atkins, Bucksport, Me.

With partitions at right-angles.

29291. Model of rectangular return fish-way. Scale, + inch to the foot. C.
G. Atkins, Bucksport, Me.

26937. Model of the fish-way over the dam at Holyoke, Mass., on the Con-
necticut River. Patented by E. A. Brackett, Winchester, Mass.
Seale, 4 of an inch to the foot (#5). Model by C. G. Atkins. A sub-
merged piece of cob-work surmounted by a grating serves to turn
the fish into the fish-way. It carries a column of water 2 feet wide
and 2 feet deep which reaches the bottom with no perceptible in-
crease in velocity, the current being less than 2 miles an hour.
Height of the dam, 30 feet ; length of the fish-way, 440 feet ; the in-
cline, 1 in 15.

et

— =.” —_—

FISHERIES OF 'THE UNITED STATES. 213
INCLINED FISH-WAYS WITHOUT STEPS.
With partitions placed obliquely.

29287. An adaptation of Foster’s tish-way. Designed by C. G. Atkins, and
built at Pembroke, Me. Scale, + inch to the foot. C. G. Atkins,
Bucksport, Me.

29286. Model of Foster's fish-way. Invented by H. H. Foster, East Machias,
Me. Scale, } inch to the foot. C. G. Atkins, Bucksport, Me.

29288. Model of oblique fish-way. Invented by Alfred Swazey, Bucksport,
Me., in 1876. Seale, inch to the foot. C.G. Atkins, Bucksport,
Me.

29289. Swazey’s oblique fish-way. Invented by Alfred Swazey, Bucksport,
Me., in 1874. Scale, inch to the foot. C. G. Atkins, Bucksport,
Me.

26939. Model of the fish-way at Lawrence, Mass., on the Merrimack River.
Scale, 4 inch to the foot (5). C. G. Atkins.

With rectangular compartments.

26937. Model of rectangular compartment fish-way on the inclined-plane
system, in an extended arrangement. Scale, } inch to the foot
(ga). C..G. Atkins.

SPIRAL FISH-WAYS.

26931. Model of Pike’s spiral fish-way, devised by Hon. R. G. Pike, of Con-
necticut. Scale, } inch to the foot (,);). C. G. Atkins.

26949. Model of rectangular compartment fish-way on the inclined-plane
system, in spiral arrangement, devised by Charles G. Atkins, of
Bucksport, Me., in imitation of Pike’s spiral fish-way. Scale, 4
inch to the foot (j;). C.G. Atkins. Showing the great economy
of space and material effected by the spiral arrangement. Further
advantages of the spiral arrangement are the facility with which
water can be admitted at different heights of the river, and con-
tiguity of the outlet to the dam secured, so that the fish will readily
find it.

39306. Model of the fish-way at Bangor, Me., on the Penobscot River;
designed by Charles G. Atkins, and built by the city of Bangor in
1877 at a cost of $6,000. Scale 34. Height of the dam 16 feet
(4.1 meters).

39497. Model of fish-way. Designed by B. F. Shaw, State fish commissioner,
Anamosa, Iowa.

MOVING FLOAT FISH-WAYS.

26930. Model of Everleth’s fish-way, devised by F. M. Everleth, M. D., of
Waldoboro’, Me. Scale, $ inch to the foot (5). C. G. Atkins.
The peculiarity of this fish-way is the movable attachment at
the upper end, which, by its own buoyancy, rises and falls
with the fluctuations of the river, thus insuring that the en-
trance shall always be at the right height to admit the requi-
site quantity of water.

244 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES
MOVING FLOAT FISH-WAYS.

With counter-currents from below.

32651, Working model of the McDonald fish-way. By M. McDonald, Lex-
ington, Va. Patented. This fish-way is constructed upon the
principle of having three sets of transverse partitions sloping up-
ward. The water passing through the sluice from the dam tends
to sink in the middle line of buckets, and emerges at the sides at
a lower level, being checked by abutting against other partitions
placed below them at right angles which deflect the water up
stream, and these currents from below operate as retarders to the
fall of the water from above. One has just been constructed on
the Savannah River, Ga., which has an inclination of one foot in
three.

HI. PROPAGATION.

DEVICES USED IN OBTAINING AND IMPREGNATING OVA.

42936. Model of natural spawning race, invented by Stephen H. Ainsworth,
West Bloomfield, N. Y. Not patented. This device consists of
two sets of frames covered with wire-cloth, placed in two layers ;
the upper one has meshes coarse enough to allow the eggs to pass
through, and is covered with coarse gravel in which the fish make
nests and spawn. The upper screens are then lifted and the ova
taken from the lower ones. S. H. Ainsworth.

42937. Pans used in catching the eggs of fish when taken by hand. They
remain in these until impregnation has taken place.

42938. Dipper used for supplying water to the impregnating pans and in
the transfer of fry.

HATCHING-HOUSES.

26940. Model of hatching-house at United States salmon-breeding station
at Bucksport, Me. Scale, + inch to the foot (js). C. G. Atkins.
The hatching-troughs are arranged in sets of four across the
building, and fitted with Brackett trays. The water enters
them from a feed-trough along the side of the rcom and escapes
by pipes through the floor.

42811. Model of the Druid Hill hatching-house Druid Hill Park, Baltimore.
Built in 1875, by the city of Baltimore, under the direction of
Major T. B. Ferguson, State commissioner of fisheries, at a cost
of $7,000. The building is of blue stone, with white granite
trimmings; the center 18} by 33 feet, is two stories high, and on
either side are octagonal wings 14} by 20 feet, whose sides are
almost entirely of glass. The greatest amount of light and air i
is admitted through these and two large windows in the gable {
end of the main buildings; the inner door of the vestibule is
also of glass. The windows are all furnished with dark green |
water-proof curtains, to exclude the sun and light when desir- |
able. The water is supplied from a strong spring on the side
of the hill near by, and is piped into the filtering tank which
is just below the ceiling of the hatching room, which occupies
the first floor of the building. The supply pipe is so arranged

x FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 215
HATCHING-HOUSES.

42811. Model of Druid Hill hatching-house, &¢.—Continued.

with valves that the water can be conducted into the ponds be-
low the house without entering the filtering tank should it be
desirable. The water after passing through a series of flannel
filters is discharged from the filtering tank into a reservoir tank
of the capacity of about twelve hundred gallons. From this
tank the water is piped under the floor, which is a Schillenger
pavement, to the several hatching troughs, and to the tables
in the octagonal extensions. These pipes are admirably ar-
ranged with stop-cocks, so that any portion of the apparatus
can be operated without regard to the rest of the building.

In addition to the supply from the spring there are pipes by
means of which an unlimited amount of water can be thrown
into the filtering tank or ponds from the high service reservoir
which is on the hill to the west of the hatching house. The
water from the reservoir being influenced by the temperature
of the atmosphere, and that from the spring being invariable,
by mixing different proportions, the temperature of the water
used can be eitherraised or diminished at will. The pipes which
conduct the water to the tables on which the Ferguson jars are
operated, are furnished with 2-of-an-inch spigots, over which
rubber tubes are slipped, for the purpose of introducing water
into the jars.

On the floor of the house is arranged the following apparatus:

. Ferguson jars.
. Flights of Coste tray.
. Troughs of Williamson’s patent.
. Troughs of N. W. Clark’s patent.
. Green & Holton hatching box.
Aquarium.
. Reservoir tank.
. Porcelain-lined sinks.
In this house have been hatched :
2,497,140 California salmon.
89,881 land-locked salmon.
331,980 brook trout.

HOtEyOnP

HATCHING-TROUGHS AND BOXES, STATIONARY.

39498. Model of the first hatching-box used in America, by Dr. Theodatus
Garlick, in the year 1853. Dr. T. Garlick, Bedford, Ohio.

26936. No. 20. Model of hatching-troughs and trays in use at the United
States salmon-breeding stations at Bucksport and Grand Lake
Stream, Me. Scale, full size. C. G. Atkins.

The eggs to be hatched are placed on the wire-cloth trays.

42812, Model of Clark’s hatching-box for all the salmonide. The eggs are
placed upon the screens and the water flows in from above and
out below. Patented by N. W. Clark. F.N. Clark, Northville,
Mich.

42934. Model of the Holton hatching-box for all the salmonidw. The eggs
are placed upon all the screens except the top one, and the water
flows in from below and out at the top. Patented by Marcellus
Holton. Seth Green, superintendent, New York.

216 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES,

HATCHING-TROUGHS AND BOXES, STATIONARY.

39111. Holton box (without the frames), which has been in use. S. Green,
Rochester, N. Y.

42935. Hatching trough, used at the United States hatching-house at Grand

: Lake Stream, Me. C. G. Atkins.

22247. A circular-shaped hatching can of tin, designed by F. Mather, which
led to the adoption of the following:

26995. Shad-hatching cone, with screen at the bottom, devised by Charles

: F. Bell and Fred. Mather. U. 8. Fish Commission.

39112. Frame and sereen used for hatching lake trout, Cristivomer namay-
cush. M. A. Green, New York Fish Commission.

26956. Salmon-ege hatching-baskets. Devised by Livingston Stone for use in
the McCloud River, California. The baskets do not rest on the bot-
tom of the trough, and the water flows through them from the bot-
tom and sides and out atthe top. L. Stone, U. 8S. Fish Commission.

39103. Nest of trays for hatching-trough. Devised by Charles G. Atkins,
Bucksport, Me. U.S. Fish Commission.

26935. Model of hatching-frame in use at Grand Lake Stream, adapted to
use in a trough or in an open stream. Devised by C. G. Atkins.
Seale, full size. C.G. Atkins.

The eggs are placed on all of the trays except the upperone. The
interstices, though too small for the escape of the eggs, per-
mit a change of water, and when the frame is shut it confines
the trays securely in place. U.S. Fish Commission.

39382. Grand Lake hatching-frame. For use in a trough or in an open
stream. Adapted only to large fish-eggs, like those of salmon.
Designed by Charles G. Atkins, assistant to the United States Com-
mission of Fish and Fisheries in 1875, and s’nee then in constant
use in the Schoodic salmon-breeding establishment at Grand Lake
Stream, Maine, U. 8. A. When in use, the water flows through
the frame horizontally. Not patented.

The capacity of this frame is 35,000 eges of salmon.

39142, Hatching-jars of glass, with self-picking screen. Invention of Oren
M. Chase, Detroit, Mich.

Five jars, full size. O. M. Chase.. Michigan Fish Commission.

26998. The Ferguson hatching-jar. A glass jar withtrays. The water flows
in at the bottom and out at the top. T. B. Ferguson, U.S. Fish
Commission.

39108. Glass jar with screens for hatching trout. Devised by Thomas B.
Ferguson. U. 8. Fish Commission.

39463. Miniature hatching-box, for hatching trout or any fish requiring run-
ning water. Arranged to place in the dwelling-house, or where-
ever water can be supplied by a pipe. Charlestown, N. H. Liv-
ingston Stone.

39464. Model of fish-nursery for raising young trout less than six months
old. + actual dimensions. Charlestown, N. H. Livingston
Stone.

——.. Ferguson’s improved conical hatcher, with removable top, used to
prevent splashing. Also arrangement for easily removing bottom
screen. Valve used when bottom screen is to be removed or eggs
and young fish to be transferred. Furnished also with hook for
lifting vessel fromframe. T.B. Ferguson. U.S. Fish Commission.

39105. Another form of same, furnished with Clark’s self-picking gate at-
tachment. T.B. Ferguson, Baltimore, Md., and F. A. Clark, North-
ville, Mich. U.S. Fish Commission.

=.”

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. AVF

HATCHING-TROUGHS AND BOXES, STATIONARY.

39106,

39109,

39107.

Reversible Plunging Can, for hatching fish eggs, now in use on the U.
S. Steamer “Fish Haw Ie? ’—a part of the improvement in fish-hatch-
ing apparatus invented by T. B. Ferguson, Baltimore, Md. Pat-
ented. The ends are so arranged as to be easily removed, so that
the can may be used as a hatcher or a tr: sporting can by inserting

either a wire-cloth or tin bottom. T. B. Ferguson. U. S. Fish
Commission.

. Another form of same, furnished with trunnions by means of which

it is swung in the frame of the conical h: utcher when used for
transporting fish in rough seas. (The tops are interchangeable
with those of the conical hatchers.) T. B. Ferguson. U.S. Fish
Commission.

“Hanger,” “Cam,” and ‘ Guides” for Ferguson’s improvement in
fish-hatching apparatus. In use on the U. S. Steamer Fish
Hawk” for imparting a vertical motion to i hatching-cans. De-
signed by T. B. Ferguson. U.S. Fish Commission.

Ferguson hatching-jar. A glass jar, with trays. The water flows
in at the bottom and out at the top. Provided with trays -for
hatching salmon. Designed by T. B. Ferguson. U.S. Fish Com-
mission, (By the use of glass the growth of fungus is prevented,
and every egg in the vessel can be seen at a glance.)

HATCHING-BOXES, FLOATING.

26903.
26997.
39462.
26904.
39101.
39110.

39470.

Shad-hatching box. Invention of Seth Green, Rochester, N. Y.
Patented. S. Green, New York Fish Commission.

Mode] of the above. S. Green, New York Fish Commission.

Shad-hatching box. Invention of Isaac H. Wright, Baltimore, Md.

Shad-hatching box. Invention of E. A. Brackett, Winchester, Mass.
Patented. KE. A. Brackett, Massachusetts Fish Commission.

Revolving shad hatcher, designed by Spencer F. Baird. U. S. Fish
~ Commission.

Semi-rotating hatchers. Hatching box for eggs of the codfish. In-
vention of H. C. Chester, Noank, Conn. U.S. Fish Commission.
Mechanical fish-hatching apparatus. Invention of Joel C. Parker,

Grand Rapids, Mich.

ADHESIVE-EGG APPARATUS.

39102.

Model of box for hatching the smelt, Osmerus mordax. Devised by
George Ricardo, Hackensack, N. J. One-half size. F. Mather.
U. §. Fish Commission. .

‘MODELS OF FLOATING HATCHING-HOUSES.

29103.

29104.

Model of the U. 8. Fish Commission Steamer “Fish Hawk.” Built
by the Pusey & Jones Company, Wilmington, Del. Length on
water line, 146 feet 6 inches; breadth of beam (molded), 27 feet ;
depth of hold (amidships), 10 feet 9 inches; draft of water, 7 feet 6

’ inches; tonnage, 485.

Model of the fish-hatching deck of the U. 8. Fish Commission Steamer
“Fish Hawk,” built by the Pusey & Jones Company, Wilmington,
Del. Scale, 2 inches to the foot.

ACCESSORIES TO THE HATCHING APPARATUS.

26915.

Wooden nippers for removing dead eggs. F. Mather, U. S. Fish
Commission.

218 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

ACCESSORIES TO THE HATCHING APPARATUS.

39113. Wooden nippers with wire loops, for removing dead eggs. M. A.
Green. New York Fish Commission.
39114. Cleaning net for removing dead shad eggs and dead fish from troughs.
M. A. Green. New York Fish Commission.
39114, Cleaning net for removing dead shad eggs and dead fish from troughs.
T. B. Ferguson. U. 8. Fish Commission.
39115. Hand net for removing fish from troughs. T. B. Ferguson. U.S.
Fish Commission.
1681. Landing net for Carp. U. 8. Fish Commission.
39116. Pans in use for taking and impregnating fish eggs. U.S. Fish Com-
mission,
1795. Tin dipper in use for supplying water, etc. U.S. Fish Commission.
39118. Lamp or lantern. U. 8. Fish Commission.

DEVICES FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF FISH EGGS.

39311. Box used in sending salmon eggs from America to Europe. Ice
chamber on top and air space on sides. F. Mather. U.S. Fish
Commission.

39120. Box used in carrying fish eggs short distances. M. A. Green. New
York Fish Commission.

39121. Box used in sending eggs of brook trout to Europe. James Annin,
jr., Caledonia, N. Y.

APPARATUS USED IN THE TRANSPORTATION OF FISH.

26911. Milk ean. U.S. Fish Commission.
1785. Tin water-bucket. U.S. Fish Commission.
26912. Rubber tube for siphon. U. 8. Fish Commission.
1810. Strainer-tube for end of siphon. U.S. Fish Commission.
39124. Rubber tube for siphon. M. A. Green. New York Fish Commission.
39125. Strainer-tube for end of siphon. M.A. Green. New York Fish Com-
mission.
39119. Wroten bucket.
1865. Ferguson’s cylinder-can with adjustable top. T.B. Ferguson. U.S.
Fish Commission.
29377. Conical tank. Stone & Hooper, Charlestown, N. H.
39117. Can for hatching shad eggs while in transit, by motion of the water
caused by rolling of ship or railroad-car. Designed by F. Mather.
U.S. Fish Commission.
39455. Can, with sponges, for self-aerating water by means of motion of a
: ship. Fred. Mather. U.S. F.C.

APPARATUS USED IN FEEDING FRY.

39127. Conical glass feeders which keep the food in motion. Presented to
the city of Baltimore by Thomas Winans.

PREPARED FOOD FOR ADULT FISH.
32777. Packages of prepared food. W. Koehler, Hoboken, N. J.

MAPS, PHOTOGRAPHS, AND CHARTS.

39136. Two maps of the National Carp Ponds, at Washington, D. C. RB.
Hessel. U.S. Fish Commission.

39137. Map of the Druid Hill Carp Ponds, at Baltimore, Md. T. B. Fergu-
son. Maryland Fish Commission.

es

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 219

MAPS, PHOTOGRAPHS, AND CHARTS.

39138. Map of the United States reservation for fish-cultural purposes on
the McCloud River, California. Livingston Stone. U. 8. F.C.

39139. Map of the salmon-hatching works at Grand Lake Stream, Maine.
Charles G. Atkins. U.S. Fish Commission.

39140. Series of photographs of shad hatching at Avoca, North Carolina.
U.S. Fish Commission.

39141. Photograph of the salmon-hatching ranch on the MeCloud River,
California. Livingston Stone. U.S. Fish Commission.

—— Photograph of the steam yacht ‘‘ Lookout,” showing equipment for
shad-hatching on the bow. TT. B. Ferguson. Maryland Fish Com-
mission. :

Photograph of section of the same on a larger scale. T. B. Ferguson.

Photograph of the U. S. Fish Commission steamer ‘Fish Hawk,”
taken from the vessel. U.S. Fish Commission.

Photograph of the same, taken from the model No. 29103. U.S, Fish
Commission.

—— Photograph of the exterior of the “ Fish Hawk,” showing the plung-

ing buckets in position. From sectional model No. 29104. U.S.
Fish Commission.

— Photograph from the same model, showing the anterior end of the

hatching-deck. U.S. Fish Commission.

— Photograph showing the posterior end of the hatching-deck from

nearly the level of the deck.

—— Photograph taken from above the level of the deck.

— Photograph of the exterior of Druid Hill hatching-house. T. B.

Ferguson,
— Photograph of interior of the same. T. B. Ferguson.
— Photograph showing three hatching-jars, T. B. Ferguson.

ENEMIES OF THE FISH CULTURIST.

39134. Stuffed trout and the water insect, Belostoma grandis, which killed it.
From the ponds of H. D. McGovern, Brooklyn, N. Y.

39135. Specimens of newts or salamanders, crawfish, ‘‘millers’ thumbs”
(Uranidea sp.), and stickle-backs from Caledonia Creek. Seth
Green.. New York Fish Commission. (See also under section 1
of this catalogue. )

EGGS OF SALMONID IN PROCESS OF HATCHING.

39122. Five thousand eggs of the brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, from the
ponds of James Annin, jr., Caledonia, N. Y.

39347. Salmon eggs(land locked). 1case. Bucksport, Me. Charles G, At-
kins.

EGGS OF SALMONID IN ALCOHOL.

39124. Samples of eggs of the brook trout, S. fontinalis, at different ages,
from the New York State hatchery at Mumford, N. Y. New York
Fish Commission.
No. 1. 20 days old.

2, 30 “ce “ce
3. 40 “ iad
4. 50 “ “ce
5, 60 “c “ce
6. 70 ce “cc
ye 80 “cc “

~

8D “cc “cc

220 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

EGGS OF SALMONIDAS IN ALCOHOL.

39126. Eggs of the lake trout, Cristivomer namaycush, 85 days old. New York
Fish Commission.

39145, Eggs of the California mountain trout, Rainbow trout, Salmo irideus,
two days old. New York Fish Commission.

39465. California salmon. (Oncorhynchus quinnat.) A series of eggs and
young salmon preserved in vials, and showing the change in the
eggs and the growth of the fish from the time the egg is taken
from the parent till the young fish is fully formed; showing daily
growth for 100 days. Livingston Stone.

SPECIMENS OF FRY OF SALMONIDA IN ALCOHOL.

39146. Fry of lake trout, Cristivomer namaycush.
No.1. 1day old.
2. 15 days ‘*
Se Onoda nie
4, 35 “ee oe
New York Fish Commission.
39147. Fry of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis.
No. 1. 1day old.
2. 10 days ‘
Sip P40)) VGN" Ge
RESO EGS ens OG
5. 40 ce ce

New York Fish Commission.

EGGS OF AMERICAN FISHES IN GENERAL.
Exhibited by the U. 8. National Museum.

Lophius piscatorius Linn.—Goose Fish; Angler.

Chilichthys turgidus (Mitch.) Gill.—Swell-Fish.

Alutera Schoepfii (Walb.) Goode & Bean.—File Fish.
Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Walb.) Gill.—Flat Fish; Winter Flounder.
Pleuronectes glaber (Storer) Gill.—Flounder,

Glyptocephalus cynoglossus (Linn.) Gill.—Pole Flounder.
Lophopsetta maculata (Mitch.) Gill.—Watery Flounder; Spotted Turbot.
Chaenopsetta ocellaris (DeKay) Gill.—Common Flounder,
Chaenopsetta oblonga (Mitch.) Gill.—Four-spotted Flounder.
Hippoglossus americanus Gill.—Halibut.

Pollachius carbonarius (Linn.) Bon.—Pollock.

Gadus morrhua Linn.—Codfish.

Microgadus tomcodus (Walb.) Gill.—Tom Cod; Frost-fish.
Melanogrammus wglefinus (Linn.) Gill.—Haddock.

Phyeis chuss (Walb.) Gill.—Hake.

Phycis tenuis (Mitch.) DeKay.—Squirrel Hake.

Lota maculosa (Les.) Rich.—Burbot.

Merlucius bilinearis (Mitch. ) Gill.—Whiting; Silver Hake.

Zoarces anguillaris (Peck) Storer.—Eel Pout.

Batrachus tau Linn.—Toad Vish; Oyster-fish.

Cyclopterus lumpus Linn.—Lump-tish.

Prionotus carolinus (Linn.) Cuy. & Val.—Broad-fingered Sea Robin.
Cottus granlandicus Cuy. & Val.—Greenland Seulpin.

Hemitripterus americanus (Gmel.) Cuvier.—Sea Raven.

Tautoga onitis (Linn. ) Giinther.—Tautog ; Black-fish.

Niphius gladius Linn.—Sword-fish.

Scomber scombrus Linn.—Mackerel.

, FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 221
EGGS OF AMERICAN FISHES IN GENERAL.
Exhibited by U.S. National Museum— Continued

Sarda pelamys (Linn.) Cuy.—Bonito.

Cybium maculatum (Mitch.) Cuy.—Spanish Mackerel.

Poronotus triacanthus (Peck) Gill.—Harvest-fish ; Butter-fish.

Cynoscion regalis (Bl.) Gill.—Squeteague; Weak-fish.

Pogonias chromis Lacep.—Drum.

Menticirrus nebulosus (Miteh.) Gill.—King-fish.

Stenotomus argyrops (Linn. ) Gill.—Seuppaug; Seup; Porgy.

Stizostedium canadense (Smith) Jordan.—Canada Pike-perch,

Centropristis atrarius (Linn.) Barn.—Sea Bass.

Roceus lineatus (Schn.) Gill.— Striped Bass ; Rock-fish,

Pomatomus saltatrix (Linn.) Gill.—Blue-fish.

Elacate canadus (Linn.) Gill.—Cobia; Crab-eater,

Leptecheneis naucrateoides (Zuiew.) Gill.—Remora; Sucker-fish

Esox nobilior Thompson.—Muskellunge.

Fundulus pisculentus (Mitch. ) Val.—Mumumichog.

Osmerus mordax (Mitch.) Gill.—Smelt; Frost-fish.

Coregonus clupeiformis (Mitch.) Milner.—White-fish.

Argyrosomus artedi (Les.) Hoy.—Herring; White-fish.

Salmo salar Linn.—Salmon.

Salmo salar var, sebago Girard.—Sebago Salmon.

Oncorhynchus quinnat (Rich.) Giinther.—Quinnat or Sacramento Salmon.

Cristivomer namaycush (Penn.) Gill & Jordan.—Namaycush Trout; Lake
Trout.

Cristivomer siscowet (Ag.) G. & J.—Siscowet.

Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitch.) Gill & Jordan.—Brook Trout.

Thymallus tricolor Cope.—Michigan Grayling.

Brevoortia tyrannus (Latr.) Goode.—Menhaden; Mossbunker; Pogie.

Alosa sapidissima (Wilson) Storer.—Shad.

Pomolobus pseudoharengus (Wilson) Gill.—Alewife; Fresh-water Herring;
Gaspereau.

~ Clupea harengus Linn.—Herring; Sea Herring.

SPECIMENS OF FISH IN ALCOHOL.

39148. Hybrid between the California salmon, Oncorhynchus quinnat (male?),
and the brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (female?). New York
Fish Commission. Seth Green, Superintendent.

Fishes in alcohol. New York Fish Commission.

Catostomus nigricans.

Anguilla rostrata (Les.) DeKay.—Common Eel.
Amia calva Linn.—Mud-fish.

Lepidosteus osseus Linn.—Gar Pike.

Acipenser sturio Linn.—Sharp-nosed Sturgeon,
Acipenser brevirostris Les. —Short-nosed Sturgeon.

LITERATURE OF FISH CULTURE.

39129. NoRRIS, THADDEUS.

American | Fish-culture | embracing all the details of | artificial
breeding and rearing of trout; | the culture of salmon, shad and
other | fishes. | By Thaddeus Norris, | Author of ‘‘ The American
Angler's Book.” | Illustrated. | (Seal of the publishers.) | Phila-
delphia: | Porter & Coates. | London: Sampson Tow, Son & Co.

| 1874.

222 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

LITERATURE OF FISH CULTURE.

39130. GREEN, SETH.
Trout Culture, | by | Seth Green. | — | Published by Seth Green and
A. 8. Collins, | Caledonia, N. Y. | — | Rochester, N. Y.; | Press
of Curtis, Morey & Co., Union and Advertiser Office. | 1870.

39133. GREEN, SETH, and ROOSEVELT, R. B.

Fish Hatching, | -and-| Fish Catching. | — | -by- | R. Barnwell
Roosevelt, | Commissioner of Fisheries of the State of New York,
Author of | Game Fish, ete., ete., | and | Seth Green, | Superin-
tendent of Fisheries of the State of New York. | — | Rochester,
N. Y.: | Union and Advertiser Co.’s Book and Job Print. | 1879.

39132. Stack, J. H.

Practical | Trout Culture. | By | J. H. Slack, M. D., | Commis-
sioner of Fisheries, N. J.; Natural History Editor of ‘Turf, |
Field, and Farm,” N. Y.; Proprietor of Troutdale Ponds, near
Bloomsbury, N. J. | — | ‘‘ We speak what we do know, and tes-
tify what we have seen.” |— | New York: | Geo. E. Woodward.
| — | Orange Judd & Co., | 245 Broadway. | 1872.

39128. GARLICK, THEODATUS.

A Treatise | on the | Artificial Propagation | of | certain kinds of
Fish, | with the | description and habits of such kinds as are the
most | suitable for pisciculture, | — | By Theodatus Garlick,
M. D., | Vice President of Cleveland Academy of Natural Science.
| — | Giving the author’s first experiments contained in a paper
read | before the Cleveland Academy of Natural Science. | Also, |
directions | for the most successful-modes of angling for such
kinds of | fish as are herein described. | — | Cleveland: | Tho.
Brown, Publisher, Ohio Farmer Office. | 1857.

39131. SToNE, LIVINGSTON.

Domesticated Trout. | How to Breed and Grow them. | By Living-
ston Stone, | United States Deputy Fish Commissioner, in charge
of the United States Salmon Breeding Station on the Pacific
Coast; ete., ete. | ‘ Purpurisque Salare stellatus tergora guttis.”

| Ausonius, Idyl Tenth. | ‘‘ Make assurance doubly sure.” | Mac-

beth, Act IV. Scene 1. | Third Edition, | Revised and Enlarged. |
(Cut of fish.) | Charlestown, N. H. | For sale at the Cold Spring
Trout Ponds. | 1877.

39144. ATKINS, CHARLES G.

U.S. Fish Commission. | — | Cheap Fixtures | for the | Hatching
of Salmon. | By | Charles G. Atkins, | Assistant U. 8. Fish Com-
mission. | — | Washington: | Government Printing Office. | 1879.

WILSON, SiR SAMUEL.

The | Californian Salmon | with an account of its | Introduction
into Victoria. | By | Sir Samuel Wilson, | Member of the Legisla-
tive Council of Victoria, | — | Melbourne: | Sands & McDongall,
| Printers, Collins Street, West. | 1878. :

Reports of the Commissioners of Fisheries of the State of Maine, I to
XIII (1867 to 1879), inclusive.

Reports of the Commissioners of the Inland Fisheries of Massachusetts,
1854 to 1879, inciusive.

- weet — hi
, 7 ; a
= a Piro ; ‘ ‘

.

oe FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

»
Pet
>a
223

if

LITERATURE OF FISH CULTURE.

Reports of the Fish Commissioners of the State of Connecticut, 1875
‘ to 1880, inclusive.

ve. Reports of the Commissioners of Fisheries of the State of New York, 1869

a
a

to 1876, inclusive. 7
Reports of the Commissioners of Fisheries of the State of Maryland, :
1876 to 1880, inclusive.

Specifications for building the screw steamer “ Fish Hawk,” 1879.

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224 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

IV. APPLIANCES FURNISHED BY THE SEVERAL DE-

PARTMENTS OF THE U. 8. GOVERNMENT AND

PRIVATE ORGANIZATIONS FOR THE AID AND
ENCOURAGEMENT OF THE FISHERIES.

1. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR.

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM.

——. Proceedings United States National Museum. Vol. 1, 1878, Vol. 2,
1879.
——. Bulletins United States National Museum. Nos. 1-5.
. Model of the United States National oR a8 Building, now in pro-
cess of erection.

PATENT OFFICE.

——. List of patents issued in the United States relating to fish and the
methods, products, and applications of the fisheries. Complete to
December 31, 1879.

2. DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY.

UNITED STATES COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY.
Charts of the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North America.

ATLANTIC COAST.

~
cr
Cat. ‘ Size of “Ss
No. Title. border. Seale. eS
gs
2°
| A
SAILING-CHARTS. |
Inches. |
A | Cape Sable to Cape Hatteras........--.-..-.02 2-2-0202 -eecee ee 334 by 44 |1-1, 200,000 | 1878
4 IV. Mosquito Inlet to Key West, with Bahama Banks..-....-.... 24 by 28 [1-1, 200,000 | 1875
5 Ve Xeyaviest.to themRiolGrande ss sssrasse semen a nmen eee a neee 28 by 52 /1-1,200,000 | 1878
GENERAL CHARTS OF THE COAST. |
7 No; Wo From Cape Annito:Gay Head sapere os secs se etanie==lara\= 31 by 38 1-400, 000 | 1873
8 No. III. From Gay Head to Cape Henlopen .....-.....---.----- 31 by 384 | 1-408,000 | 1877
9 No: LV. From Cape May to Cape Henry-22--0--sscseceesceeee 31 by 38° | 1-400,000 | 1874
10 No. V. From Cape Henry to Cape Lookout. ...-...--..--------- 32 by 39 1-400, 000 | 1874
23 From Pensacola to the Passes of the Mississippi...---.----.---- 24 by 35 1-400, 000 | 1876
30 GalvestontBayeonsas cease. eee eeaee ie eReer Renna teeter ase 164 by 19§ | 1-200,000 | 1855
COAST CHARTS. |
105 Penobscot Bay to Kennebec Entrance, No.5 29 by 37 1-80, 000 | 1874
106 Kennebec Entrance to Saco River, No.6 ...---.------------ -| 29 by 38 1-80, 000 1877
107 Seguin Island to Kennebunkport, NOP TiScoe ee ee e eee e 30 by 38 | 1-80,000 | 1877
LO Stam NYE lL Shc OK Caron Aum iNOn Spee ene pernenye mrt enrenmere nt 30 by 39 | 1-80,000 | 1867
109 Boston’ Bay andapproaches) NO: 9) eee seacas saetne eels eeeesiee = i 30 by 39 | 1-80,000| 1875
LON Cape;CoduBay. Non Ope ane ee ners cee aac ce ae eye eee eee 30 by 39 1-80, 000 | 1872
Coast from Monomoy and Nantucket Shoals to Block Island,
in three sheets, viz:
111 Eastern sheet: From Monomoy and Nantucket Shoals to Mus-
oekxecet ChranneleMiassn aNio sillier crn nin sel Paine ete perer tamer ictere 274 by 372 | 1-80, 000 | 1877
112 Middle sheet: From Muskeget Channel to Buzzard’s Lay and
entrance to Vineyard Sound, Mass., No. 12 ........-...----..-. 274 by 3872 1-80,000 | 1877

312

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

UNITED STATES COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY

Cat.
No.

113

114

115
116

117
118
119

119 A

122
123

124
125
126
127
128
130

131
132
133

134
135

138
129

140
141

154
155
156
157

166
167
168
169
177
186
188

189

_
©
7

302 A
290
309 A
310

313

From Oyster Bay to Mati igordé a Bay, No. 106.....-.-----.-------

| Penobscot Bay .. ee ama aere eee

ATLANTIC COAST—Continued.

Title.

CoasY CHARTS—Continued.
|
Western sheet: Cuttyhunk to Block Island, including Narragan- |
REM HVOE Pre ee eda seas 1 ae oeeeeac ae ete. eee
Long Island Sound, in n three she sets, Viz:
Eastern sheet: From Point Judith and Block Island to Plum
SRI MN OL Ab eee ome meer es freee noel ee eel ee AND
Middle sheet: From Plum Island to Welch's Point, Nowd5.c-cc-
Western sheet: From Welch’s Point to New York, No. 16\...:..
Southern coast of Long Island, in three sheets, viz:
Eastern sheet: Block Island, Montauk Point, &c., Wostr ees
Middle sheet: From Napeague Beach to Forge River, No. 18...
Western sheet: Great South Bay, Fire Island, and Long
ERAGE S CCC PNG LOM mat. oon na dcecwineeaecaeseceassenpeeaeee
Great South Bay, and Fire Island Inlet, Long Island .........--.
Newa Mork Bay jand) Harbor No. 20.0... 2 necs--seecesccceces
Barnegat Inlet to Absecom Inlet, INOS 22 ceca - cece tcenececie sees |
Absecom Inlet to Cape May, No. Bay A Wo? SIGE EEN: Sache Wea |
Delaware Bay and River, in three she ets, viz:
Lower sheet: Delaware Entrance, No. 24........------eeee------
Middle sheet: Part of Delaware Bay and River, No. 25 ......-.-
Upper sheet: Delaware River, Port Penn to Trenton, INGnZOse-
From Cape May to Isle of Wieht, No. 27. Ronee eta
From Isle of Wight to Chincoteague Inlet, N Or Be ciet sess
From Hog Island to C HU EL GYMS Viele eee are sects ete ores aaa
Cc hesapeake Bay, in two series, three sheets each: |

First series, in three sheets, ‘entrance of Bay to Potomac
River, viz: |

. Entrance to Chesapeake, Hampton Roads, &c., No. 31...-...
. From York River to Pocomoke Sound, Naeaee eehtc eee |
. From Pocomo!:e Sound to Potomac River, No. 33 ....----.--- \
Second series, in three sheets, Potomac River to head 0” |
Bay, viz:

wre

1. From Potomac River to Choptank River, No. 34.....-..--.--. | 30 by 3874
a From Choptank River to Magothy River, No. 35.-.-...-..------ 30 by 3874

From Magothy River to head of Bay, No. 36 | 30 by 874
Gaentack Beach Light to Oregon Inlet . 27 by 354

Oregon Inlet to Cape ETA UOLAS ee oe eee eee et emeee semen eee eee
‘Albemarle Sound, in two sheets, viz:
Eastern sheet, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pasquotank |
ECON A Orme ie ee nn ticle ncieicle cisiniticet awe ace e=t amma e
Western sheet, from the Pasquotank River to the Roanoke and |

POMIRUSUTIRERL UBT IN al eae: oe ck ee oe ae me oe oe eee eee nee

Size of
border.

Inches.

26% by 374

27 by 31
29% by 374

4 by 36
254 by 36
253 by 36
29° by 33
29 by 33
29 by 33

“6 by 38
26 by 38
26 by 38

From Long Island to Hunting Island, No. 54.......------------- | 338 ky 41
From Hunting Tsland to Ossabaw Island, ING! 5d. ahecen sconces ee | 33 by 41
From Savannah to Sapelo Island, No. 56 --....-----.+--+---+--+- 32 by 41
From Sapelo Island to Amelia Island, No. 57.....--.--------- al 32 by 41
Florida Reefs, from Key Biscayne to Boca Grande Key, in
four sheets:
From Key Biscayne to Carysfort Reef, No. 66 .---.--.----------] 32 by 39
From the Elbow to Matecumbe Key, No. 67 ..--.----------.---- 32 «by 39
From Long Key to Newfound Harbor Ke We EN Gs OG ere = cuatermin 32 by 39
From Newfound Harbor Key to Boca Grande Ke By NO. 09 eesern 32 by 39
PU SED ORISA ISS ncaa ay | nso mrase aces lees meme ees =ss seams 33 by 39
Choctawhatchee Inlet to Pensacola Entrance, No. 86 ..--..----- 30 by 40
IIGMMLOHE AMINO T GS: {0 co ceaewcccekedeee: 1 eee ermicvereccsassimes 29 by 38

Mississipp1 Sound, &e., rear approach to New Orleans, in
three sheets, viz: |

From Bon Secours Bay to Round Island, No. 89.....------------ |

From Round Island to Grand Island, No. 90 ....---------------- |
Lakes Borene and Pontchartrain, aN Gs Oe sees SNe ae |
Mississippi River. from the Passes to Grand Prairie, No. Bvt
From Galveston Bay to Oyster Bay, No. 105 ...-.--.------------

HARBOR CHARTS.

Hastport Harbor ..-. ------ ------22-00scee ce eee een ee eneeneeee
Somes Sound, Mount Desert Island. . pe ene oe ae
Head Harbor and approaches, Isle au Tomitiesc ase

St. George's River and Muscle Ridge Channel . Sete cea e een ee

Damarise otta and Medomak Rivers.....-------- ---+-----e+eee--

314

Kennebec and Sheepscot Rivers ...-..--------2--2-+22-2eeer eee

15 F

17 by 20

| 294 by 48}

134 by 18
241 by 294
24 by 38

254 by 38
234 by 38}

Scale.

1-80, 000

1-80, 000
1-80, 000
1-80, 000
8

1-80, 000

1-80, 000
1-80, 000

1-40, 000
1-80, 090
1-80, 000

1-80, 000
1-80, 000
1-80, 000
1-80, 000
1-80, 000
1-80, 000

1-80, 000
1-80, 000
1-80, 000
1-80, 000

1-80, 000
1-80, 000

1-80, 000
1-80, 000
1-80, 000
1-80, 000

1-80, 000
1-80, 000

1-80, 000 |

1-80, 000
1-80, 000
1-80, V00
1, 80, 000

1-80, 000

1-80, 000

1-80, 000
1-80, 000
1-80, 000

1-40, 000

1-10; 000
1-12, 500
1-40, 000
1-40, 000
1-40, 000
1-40, 000

225

|

Date of last |
edition

Re
o~ 00
1-1
on

| 1877

a
oo D
s
a

I
oO
=I
a

ad
moa
“I -]
an

| 1860

| 1874
1871
1878
1876

| 1864

| 1874
1874

226 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

UNITED STATES COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY.

ATLANTIC COAST—Continued.

~
z
Cat : | Size of wo
awa Title. | border. | Scale. os
| Ze
S
A
| HARBOR CHARTS. | |
Inches. |
315 (ORSON SE? Gt eeos26c0 Losec snes sacs ao seecebeee sneeaaasassees 26 by 40 140,000 | 1872
SS (eae El ant 0 Te oe ree ete Seem eee eee eee eee ae 13 by 15 1-10,000 1876 |
SLOW) eB elias tse Lan) OT ee eee ee eae eee eee ase fone e eee a= 11 by 183 | 1-20,000 | 1875
325). Wwe ortland.Marborges.c cscccscastecineeceec ee sc cee ter eee eee 26 by 29 1-20,000 | 1862
329 PortsmouthyHArbor sales arecsehor case coe cee eee ee oe aero 184 by 26 1-20, 000 | 1876
330 Isle of Shoals ..-..... a Se eae Rie ee eee suena aes onan eae 14 by 17 1-20,000 1874
335 Salem JMarpons: Setsce -cciece oeeae eee see eee emcee cme ren eee 21 by 28 1-25, 000 | 1875
Sole eM BOSstoner arbors esc mec eee een eee eee sae aa ae ey = ee 283 by 36 140,000 | 1875
338 Plymouth, Kingston, and Duxbury Harbors.-....-.....--.----- 119 by 20 140,000 1875 |
339-9 || #barnstable:Harborssecepeeescee ce certs cece eae cee ee eee | 163 by 23 1-20, 000 | 1861
340 Welle et Elan 01 eee =o eee ee nee eee ee ne a senner | 14 by 174 1-50, 000 | 1853 |
341 rowan cetowmnublarbOnen. 2 ee se eet eee seen any eee eeee | 143 by 173 | 1-50,000 | 1878
344 Monomoy Passage to Nantucket Sound ................-...-.-.. 17k by 24 1-40, 000 | 1876
s4onuieMuskeceti@hannelsecsscse seen eee a meee rere a eee Eee ees 21 by 28 1-60,000 , 1872
347 Maine Varduavenerace cuss eee ee noe eee see eone see Lone 12 by18 | 1-15,000| 1873 a
B48e7 | eWiood{seHoliarbort acme cesescicce acer eee ee ee aceeene ree eee 13 by 173 1-20,000 | 1872 |
SOUP eNews bedford set ani OTe er eee ee aoa ee a eee 14 by 173 | 1-40,000 | 1876 |
353) || Narracansett Bayi (im two sheets) j--.- cee eee lee ae seen terse 31 by 48 1-40,000 | 1873
356 | Duck Island Harbor, Long Island Sound ......-.............-- 102 by 15 1-15,000 1879
BOO MMMNONG welsO0 OT GEL eT DOT ee eaten eae eta ee mer tee ene rem an ae 14 by 178 1-20, 000 | 1872
SOZT News elaienubar bole asems cane e = lereen seen eee ceeioe eee 18 by 214 1-20, 000 | 1875 |
S68rpaleeuntinetonsbay nec ace esas eeeacer ene cco eee 14 by 174 1-30, 000 | 1872 |
119A Great South Bay and Fire Island Inlet........-- Sree eC eee Gee 25 by 414 | 1-40,000| 1879 |
Lake Champlain, in four sheets, viz: oar |
553 =| No. 1, from Rouse’s Point to Cumberland Head........-..-.---- 263 by 363 1-40,000 | 1879
554 | No. 2, from Cumberland Head to Ligonier Point.............--- 264 by 363 1-40, 900 1879
Heo) ONO. 3, from taconier @oimt to) Pantone. ose. sone es sennee scenes 21 by 292 1-50,000 | 1876
DoGm eNO 4 atromybantonitoswihitehallls-ssee=eh eceseee eee cee eee enee 21 by 294 ; Et ed | 1876
SiO aiRockawaydInletee fa enc ee ee ein 2 eee aD | 143 by 244 | 1-18,000 | 1878
540 A | Jamaica Bay and Rockaway Inlet ..........-..-.--------- see. | 213 by 262 1-25, 000 | 1879 |
369 New York Bay and Harbor, in two sheets........--....-.....-- | 39° by 48 1-40,000 1874 |
3692) HieNewavorks Rntrancely |. 222-22 ce ye eeeense cea ee eee meee aoe 303 by 89. | -1-+40,000 , 1875
Hudson River, in three sheets: : |
SHOP NO ds New, Vorle tosHaverstrawee cn: see sees e ese eet eee (17h by 40 | 1-60,000 | 1879 |
Sil e | Non 2 Haverstraw. to Pourhkeepsie ---esect eb pene ee geet oeenne 174 by 40 | 1-60,000 | 1879 |
372 ~+| No. 3.. Poughkeepsie to Troy, in two sheets ........-...-..----- 34 by 40 | 1-40,000/ 1879 |
DGD MME ASSal GRAV Gee ees se. cect octane nce ae ee eee 203 by 26 1-7, 500 | 1875
374 EN DSS COMMUN eb) oe cat te pees Sense seen eee ee eee eee Sedna lee 143 by 174 1-20, 000 | 1864
376 | Delaware and Chesapeake Bays .--........-.-.----.- Si tecete Sas 25h by 31 | 1-40,000 | 1874
ood, O|MRatapscouRiver se: on: o-bs-2- sos ac enone Sneath eee ene eee eee | 17} by 273 | 1-60,000 | 1877
Soo ume Amnapolissbal:DOlensseeee acer ents see eeneen cere eee se | 14 by 17 | 1-60,000 | 1874
388 i-ePntranceand ip woleiney bomntrasceee-e ssere cones ee ee eee ene 23 by 293 1-60,¢00 1871
389) |/2-9Piney Point coplower Cedar Points 2.---seeee eee) seas eeeee 23 by 293 | 1-60,000 | 1871
390) "3. boxer! Cedar:Point toamdianyHéadee eee ence ee ne ene soeeeeee 23 by 294 | 1-60,000 | 1871 |
Sole 4IndianybieadssorGcoraetowieeeee oe oe seen on ene on 23 by 39 | 1-40,000| 1875 |
York River, Virginia, in two sheets, viz: |
398) § el eHromyentrance tomkanpis| Creekyeossseeee cee eee eee ne | 17 by 23 | 1-60,000 | 1858 |
399) | 2. From Kane's) Creek tokWest Pointe. - 2-222 -e-e42seceee cose 17 by 23 1-60, 000 | 1871 |
James River, from entrance to City Point, in three sheets, | | | |
V1: | .
401 A | 1. From Newport News to Deep Water Light .........:.....--- | 1734 by 273 | 1-50,000 | 1877
401 B| 2. From Point of Shoals Light to Sloop Point......0.........--- 174 by 274 | 1-50,000 | 1877
A0INC) s3aromss loops ounbtO,@loy son Ge eee ee eee eee eee eee | 174 by 262 | 1-50,000 | 1877
404 Norfolk Harbor, Elizabeth River and Branches.-.-.......-...--. 22 by 28 | 1-25,000| 1875
420 er WB eattlOr by Ela) 0 Tym seers cee yolee mieeere ete eee eee eee ree terete eee 223 by 24 1-40,000 | 1876
423 ookout: Cove 22 Ga ase cis ces ee amie pee rine amen seer e eee 183 by 213 1-6, 000 , 1579
497. || Georgetown Harbor! 22222 -costeataeeaaecse ee cneecwen ens eee | 165 by 19 1-6,000 , 1879
428 Wainyah BavyAasiiGesss-2eeeeesceeree ee eee tear oan nee Eon 184 by 283 1-40, 000 | 1877
Arie y | (Char) estonsbarbor: 2: hoon = eee coe en eee eee eee ee | 315 by 32 | 1-80,000 | 1872
456) poaint Felena sound ot autores mee ene erento eee nar 24 by 28 | 1-40,000 | 1878
440 | Savannah River and Warsaw Sound..-.....-..-------.---.---- | 20 by 33 | 1-40,000 | 1878
441 | Ossabaw BOUNDS 3226 LS Se ae eee oer eee eer eee eae | 24 by 387 | 1-80,000 | 1873
A435) Saint Catherines Soundees==-e separ eeeeree eee eee ee eee ces nee eee 20 by 28 1-40, 000 | 1872
444 Sanelo: Sounder sss. =< ee cee eee ee eee eee one oe pee ne | 23 by 34 | 1-30, 000 1872
446 DoboyandzAltamahah Sounds! ssseeeoeee een eee roe eeeaneereee | 213 by 384 1-40,000 | 1875
448 SamieAmadre wis! SOUS if ee ee eae eee eee nee eer | 23° by 29 | 1-40090 } 1875
453 | Saint Mary’s River and Fernandina Harbor. ......--......-.---- | 25 by 32 1-20, 000 1s79
4552 | 3. From Jacksonville to Lake Monroe ......-.-----..--..--.----| 24% by 364 1-80, 000 | 1878
Inside Passage, East Coast of Florida, in eight sheets, viz:
ADT Mil NOsds Headiof HalifaxRiverss oe ee nsee ee oeeee 2 ae ane eee 212 by 324 1-20,000 | 1876
458 No. 2. Halifax River, vicinity of Daytona...-.....-.........---- 212 by 32 1-20,000 | 1876
459 No. 3. Mosquito Inlet and vicinity of New Smyrna..........-.. 213 by 312 1-20,000 | 1876

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 227

UNITED STATES COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY.

ATLANTIC COAST—Continued.

| | Z,
Cat. ; Nae cee =
oo : Title. Bizeof | Seale. | S33
; | 33
=o
roe io Sas A
\ - 7 |
Harbor CHARTS—Continued.
i 3 | Inches.
. 460 PN eeEEMS HOTOUS HERLVOLS,. ean cospect owe aun lace cusieaosae deat: 22 by 32 | 1-20,000 | 1876
461 INo.|55> Mosquito Laroon, northern part..........-...--siceesss 213 by 32 1-20,000 1877
462 No. 6. Mosquito Lazoon, south part ......- 21% by 32 1-20,000 | 1877
; 463 No. 7. Head ct Indian River to Titusville 21% by 32 1-25,000 | 1877
464 No. 8. Indian River, from Titusville, southward..............-. 213 by 324 1-25,900 | 1877
469 | Key West Harbor................... SSB ATOR C1) CCR 3 a 24 by 34 | 1-50,000| 1879
471 Rortugas Harbor and ‘Approaches -.....-..--.---.:-.+--s--.----| 25 by 28 1-80,000 | 1874
PG etrance tO Wamp a Ay: 22. +22- 0s ases = cov eacse cbev cous swedace 26 by 374 | 1=40,000 | 1877
490 PAinNeS LOI ensaACOld Bay. 52s 2.8 elk a see cea Sen seen es | 258 by 314 | 1-30,000 | 1877
510 | Mississippi River, from Fort Jackson to New Orleans (in 7 y ~ |
sheets), rey AAG HY ORS a aoe Aer aioe we Melee Sime ase 23 by 33 j-20, 000 1878
510 Mississippi Liver, from New Orleans to Point Houmas, below | | |
Donaldsonville (in G sheets), 8, 9,10, 11,12,18................-. 23 by 33 | 1-20,000| 1878
Bhmelmtrance to Barataria Bayou. /..5..2-J-22 set edhe ede e ede tweet 17 by 19 1-20,000 1878
512) | ower Barataria Bay and Entrance......-.......-.---0..------- '18 by 19 1-40,000 | 1879
at | oe HUMANS Meee Flee seed be coke etnc we Ae see es eee ee 14 by17 | 1-40,000 | 1874
PEO IS ANeae re a ceccs, nee cae nem kere cian sess Serer shee as 143 by 173 1-15, 000 1876
528 | me Wieararide Faivenivel!. 22.2... ... 0.0 +2. os casecesecseccence 14 by 16 | 1-20,000| 1854
PACIFIC COAST.
|
. SATLING-CHARTS. | |
| .
Lower California (in two sheets), viz: | |
600 1. From Cape San Lucas to Cerros Island...... ......---...--- | 23 by 25 /1-1,200,000 | 1874
2. HromiCerros Island to San Diego! .-...-.-..22----------- ==. | 22 by 25 1-1,200,000 1874
California, Oregon, and Washington Territory reconnais- }
| sance, in three sheets, viz: |
601 ieltLom salliecoto San Hrancisco... --<-.--s.ccccccceene -osann 22 by 23 1-1,200,000 1875
602 2. From San Francisco to Umpquah River.-..............-.....- 224 by 25 1-1, 200,000 | 1875
603 3. Krom Umpquah River to northwest boundary....-..---- ..--| 224 by 25 |1-1, 200,000 | 1875
Northwest coast of America, in three sheets, viz: |
. APIO GNECKEU 's../2-20 5... eee ecole ae aeee eae ane ae te
701 2. From Dixon entrance to Cape Saint Elias ..........----.----- 25 by 23 1-1, 200,000 1870
| 702 3. From Icy Bay to Seven Islands ..-....,-.----------+-0-+----- 25 by 23 /1-1, 200,000 | 1870
' GENERAL CHARTS OF THE COAST. |
| 675 From Point Pinos to Bodega Head..........---.------0200- «-.-.| 28 by 39 1-200, 000 | 1874
HARBOR CHARTS. |
|
; PRIMECB oso oan am Pees 3h god w ane se edeenseeenss imeuae 20. by 27 1-40,000 1872
ae | Catalina Harbor and Isthmus Cove......-.--------------++----- ae by ce ne an ee
663 | Santa Monica -..... ----- Pe eeeateatieic-aienat ecm nites 7 by 183 | 1-20, | 187
669 Sen Luis Obispo Bay and approach..-.. DE snes siesseee ees is by oe ae yee =
618 PROTEC OS ea a> Oe bio Meje's socio cnaininieleee Vee casiernana == | 203 by —00, ‘
_ 621 Sn Irancisco Bay entrance .-....-.-...---..0..se0. wee een sees -=- | 24 by 39 1-50, 000 1875
622) |) san Brancisco Bay, mpper part. -...-.....-..02------2--see------ 27 by 36 1-50, 000 | 1862
SPRUE POWISING(WSLEALU- 2 oc once sc cciee ce nne nese case sicccinecnnnnaceee 204 by 40 1-10, 000 | 1876
626 Bee HEUER eta OT ee Se part em i ots eis» "Pesce atalse wieie w.aise wie Ste eeiaema 20 by 35 1-40, 000 | 1866
RRS btn ies oe los acannon ido- dee daencomansezas 19} by 30 | 1-40,000) 1860

SUC SED ine eee eee So) ee I wep ede ane nee mancetsatninl 154 by 244 1-30,000 | 1861
POE mee sae tee er ke be TN ae cee aaa geese 13 by 17 | 1-30,000| 1862

| Mendocino Bay ......--- CR DT Mae RE TES ee Nees 2 ee a: 19 by 25 1-20,000 | 1874
Maeraerietnlt ty eae ete eee ee een tt cin cUemian aomeate 14 by 174 1-30,000 1879
Terra Tiaval 12 ra gaye Oe ae ee ee cere ceee renee 14 by 174 1-15,000 | 1874

St. George’s Reef and Crescent City ...-.----------------------- 21 by 26 140,000 | 1875
Wane Ortord and Reel. ..--5-- 2. cece eee neeineeecesewnanesac=-3 12 j 1-40, 000 1874

| Yaquina River entrance ........-------------222 eee eee eens eee ee 1-20,000 1874
Approaches to the Columbia River .-....-----------++--2++------ 1-100, 000 | 1878
Columbia River, sheet No. 3 .-...--...-22--5--- encceccesnness-- 1-40, 000 1878
Minto San pOLo=- 2. -Goee-cnieasece pty US SEE ea Oe A ee ae 1-40,000 1862
(Seattle Harbor Puget Sound .-:.2...-2---.sccee-ce-aeeencas--ce 1-20,000 | 1877
Badd’s Tnlet ......-. ae rere ea a cet Sepsis De ESE Ger eee 2 J-20,000 , 1876

2 ee NSITHOM ee ee oe elo eae in ae ek a oad see 1 1-200,000 | 1870
690 , Commencement Bay, Puget Sound. .----..---+-+++++------------ | 20 by 20 | 1-20, 000 1877

= ©
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|
|
/

228 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

UNITED STATES COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY.

Coast Pilot of the Eastern Coast of the United States.

1579. United States | Coast and Geodetic Survey | Carlile P Patter-
son | Superintendent | — | Atlantic Coast Pilot | Eastport
to Boston | (Seal of the Coast Survey) | Washington |
Government Printing Office | 1879

1878. United States Coast Survey | Carlile P Patterson | Superin-
tendent | — | Atlantic Coast Pilot | Boston Bay to New
York | (Seal of the Coast Survey) | Washington | Govern-
ment Printing Office | 1878

Coast Pilot of Alaska.

1879. United States | Coast and Geodetic Survey | Carlile P Patter-
son | Superintendent | — | Pacific Coast Pilot | Coasts
and Islands | of | Alaska | (Seal of the U. S. Coast and
Geodetic Survey) | Second Series | Washington | Govern-
ment Printing Office | 1279 | 4to, pp. 376 and 19 plates

—— Heliotype drawings of apparatus for deep-sea research used by the
United States Coast Survey steamer Blake, Commander Sigsbee.

Plate 1. The United States Coast Survey steamer G. S. Blake,
300 tons, fitted for deep sea soundings and dredgings.

Plate 2. Fig. 1. Miller-Casella thermometer case fitted with Sigsbee’s
spring clamp. Fig.2. Sounding rod.

Plate 3. Fig. L. Miller-Casella thermometer-case fitted with Sigsbee’s
spring clamp. Fig. 2. Sounding rod.

Plate - 4. Showing some of the causes, probable and real, of the-occa-
sional failure of sinkers to detach.

Plate 5. Fig. 1. Cans for observing currents. Figs. 2. Sounding lead
fitted with the Stellwagen specimen cup.

Plate 6. Showing the general form and working of Sir Wim. Thom-
son’s sounding-machine as used on board the Blake, &c.

Plate 7. Experimental form of the Sigsbee machine for sounding with
wire. Used for three years an board the Blake.

Plate 8. The latest form of the Sigsbee machine, as now used on
board the Blake.

Plate 9. The Sigsbee sounding-machine rigged for paying out.

Plate 10. The Sigsbee sounding-machine rigged for paying out.

Plate 11. The Sigsbee sounding-machine rigged for reeling in, with the
strain-pulley brought into use.

Plate 12. The Sigsbee sounding-machine folded for transportation.

Plate 13. The Sigsbee sounding-machine in position, run out for work.

Plate 14. The Sigsbee sounding-machine in position, run in with the
tubes lowered and the accommodation grating triced up.

Plate 15. The Sigsbee sounding-machine in position, run out for work.

Plate 16. New steel reel for sounding with wire, devised by Lieut.
Commander C, D. Sigsbee, U.S. N., Assist. Coast Survey.

Plate 17. New steel reel for sounding with wire.

Plate 18. Plan of patent trunk reeling engine for the Sigsbee sound-
ing-machine,

Plate 19. Water specimen cup for getting a single specimen at each
haul, independent poppet valves.

Plate 20. The Sigsbee water specimen cup.

Plate 21. Fig. 1. Case for the Negretti-Zambra deep sea thermometer.
Fig. 2. The Negretti-Zambra deep sea thermometer, bulb
down. Fig. 3. The Miller-Casella deep sea thermometer,
apart from its case.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 229

~_

UNITED STATES COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY.

Apparatus for deep-sea research, &e.—Continued.

Plate 22,

Fig. 1. Case for the Neeretti-Zambra deep sea thermometer.
Fig. 2. The Negretti-Zambra deep sea thermometer, bulb
up. Fig. 3. The Miller-Casella deep sea thermometer,
with the bulbs exposed.

Plate 23. Fig. 1. The Negretti-Zambra deep sea thermometer in use.

Fig. 2. The Negretti-Zambra deep sea thermometer in use.

Plate 24. The Blake at the Washington navy-yard. The dredging-

gear ready for work.

Plate 25. Fig. 1. Style of dredge supplied for the first dredging ex-

pedition of the Blake. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 dredge, devised
by Lieut. Commander C. D. Sigsbee, United States Navy,
and Master H. M. Jacoby, United States Navy, and adopted
for use.

Plate 26. Fig. 1. Plan of the trawl as first used on board the Blake.

Pig. 2. Plan of trawl as improved by Professor Agassiz,
Lieutenant-Commander Sigsbee, and Lieutenant Ackley.

Plate 27. The improved trawl ready for use.

Plate 28. The improved trawl shown as having “tripped” after foul-

ing with rough bottom.

Plate 29. Plans of the deck and apparatus of the Blake. Fig. 1 and

2. During the first dredging expedition. Fig. 3. During
the second expedition.

Plate 30. View of the Blake’s deck looking forward from the bow

of the starboard quarter boat, ready for paying out the
dredge.

Plate 31. View of the Blake’s deck looking aft from the starboard

side of the pilot-house, ready for dredging.

Plate 32. The forward side of the dredge reel and its engine, the reel

having on it 2,700 fathoms of the steel rope recommended
by Prof. Alexander Agassiz.

Plate 33. View of the main hoisting engine from the starboard side.
Plate 34. Figs. 1 and 2. Iron snatch-block for dredging rope. Fig. 3.

Improved accumnlator for dredging.

Plate 35. The plotting of a line of soundings.

Plate 36. Improved machine for sounding with wire.
Plate 37. Continuation of Plate 36.

Plate 38. Continuation of Plates 35 and 37.

Plate 39. Sigsbee’s detacher.

Plate 40. Water specimen cup.
Plate 41. Curve for correcting the reading of the register placed on the

axle of the sounding reel, by Lieut. Commander C. D.
Sigsbee, U. 8. N., Assist. Coast Survey.

LIFE-SAVING SERVICE.

Collective exhibit.

39256.
39320.

39333.
39321.
39318.
39319.
39294.

Specifications for building vessels. U.S.R.M. 2 copies.

Annual Report Life-Saving Service for the fiscal year ending June
30, 1878. 2 copies.

Report of the Life-Saving Ordnance. Lieut. D. A. Lyle.

Revised Regulation Life-Saving Service.

Report Life-Saving Service, 1876.

Annual Report Life-Saving Service, 1877.

Manual.

230 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.
LIFE-SAVING SERVICE.

Collective exhibit—Continued.
39332. Design for houses of refuge. Coast of Florida.
39330. Specifications and drawings for a life-saving station on the coast of
Texas.
39331. Specifications and drawings life-boat station at Ludington, Mich.
39329. Specifications for a surf-boat wagon. 4 copies.

39528. ae ** surf-boat. © 2 copies.

39327. ee ‘¢ hand-eart of U.S. Life-Saving Service. 3 copies.

39323. Coast signal service. Official danger or distress signals. 1878. 3
copies.

39322. Mortar and beach apparatus. Drill. 5 copies.

39324. Exterior life-saving station. Photograph.

39326. Beach carriage with apparatus, loaded. 2 photographs.
39325. Interior life-saving station. Photograph.

39318, 39319, 39320. Annual Reports, 1876-7772.

39321. Revised regulations.

39322. Mortar and beach apparatus drill.

39323. Danger or distress signals.

39324, 39325. Views, exterior and interior, life-saving station.
39326. Beach carriage and apparatus, loaded.

39327. Specifications, hand-cart.

39328. ef surf-boat.

39329. nf if wagon.

39330. tf and plans life-saving station.
39331. ig Pau it life-boat station.

39332. Plans for houses of refuge.

. Lyle mortar gun, for throwing a line across a vessel in distress. |

——. Coston signals, used in Life-Saving Service.

. Copies of the gold and silver medals given by the U. S. Treasury
Department for saving life.

LIGHT-HOUSE BOARD.

39257. Collective exhibit of charts.
Chart of the First Light-house District, comprising the coasts of
Maine and New Hampshire.
Chart of the Second Light-house District, comprising the coast of
Massachusetts.
Chart of the Third Light-house Disirict, comprising the coasts of
Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, and part of New Jersey.
Chart of the Fourth Light-house District, extending from Squan
Inlet, New Jersey, to Matomkin Inlet, Virginia.
Chart of the Fifth Light-house District, extending from Matomkin
Inlet, Virginia, to New River Inlet, North Carolina. |
Chart of the Sixth Light-house District, extending from New River i
Inlet, North Carolina, to Cape Canaveral, Florida.
Chart of the Seventh Light-house District, comprising the coasts \
of Florida, from (but not including) Cape Canaveral, to the Perdido
River.
Chart of the Eighth Light-house District, extending from the
Perdido River, Florida, to the Rio Grande, Texas.
Chart of the Eleventh Light-house District, comprising the Lakes
Saint Clair, Huron, Michigan, Superior, and Saint Mary’s River.

—— SS ee

——E—

' FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 231
LIGHT-HOUSE BOARD.

39257. Collective exhibit of charts—Continued.
Chart of the Twelfth Light-house District, embracing the coast of
California.
Chart of the Thirteenth Light-house District, embracing the coasts
of Oregon and Washington,

REVENUE MARINE DIVISION.

-. Plans of revenue cutters employed in part in assisting distressed
fishermen,

OFFICE OF THE SEORETARY.

Series of blanks used in licensing and registering fishing vessels,
bonding salt, making report of fishing catch, ete.

3. DEPARTMENT OF WAR.
UNITED STATES ARMY SIGNAL-SERVICE.

39287. Weather symbol-inap.

To be exhibited at fishing villages, showing the weather condi-

tions on the coasts and at different points throughout the country.
39288, Instrumental farmer’s and fisherman’s weather-case.

By the aid of which, predictions fairly accurate, can be made by
any one using the case according to the rules printed upon the face
thereof. See circulars describing weather case, and rain and dry
winds pamphlets and charts.

39289, Circulars describing the weather-case, and method of using the same.
39290. ‘Dry and wet wind” pamphlets.

39291. Sets of ‘‘dry and wet wind” charts.

39292, Water thermometer and case.

Used in taking the temperature of water, at surface and bottom,
in the various rivers and harbors situated near the United States
Signal-Service stations.

39293. Signal kit, complete.

Used in holding communication on land or sea, by day or night.
For description of contents and mode of using same, see Myer’s
‘*Manual of Signals.”

39294. ‘‘Manual of Signals,” by Brig. Gen. A. J. Myer.
39295. Complete set of international signal-ilags.

For holding communication between vessels, or between vessels
and stations on land, using the international code of signals. See,
also, circular on ‘‘ Danger or distress signals.”

39293. Complete set of cautionary signal-flags (fer display by day).
39297. Complete set of cautionary sigual-lanterns (for display by night).

Displayed, in advance of storms, at 48% regular Signal-Service sta-
tions and £0 “‘display” stations, along the Gulf and Atlantic coasts,
and alone the shores of the great lakes. For description and mode
of using, ‘see “Cautionary signal” pamphlets.

39298, “Cautionary signal” pamphlets.
39299. “Danger or distress-signals,” circulars.
39300. Volume of the ‘Monthly Weather Review.”

In this work the following items may be mentioned as of special
interest to the fishing community: 1. The description of storms over
the North American continent and North Atlantic Ocean. 2. Inter-

232 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.
UNITED STATES ARMY SIGNAL-SERVICE.

39300, Volume of the ** Monthly Weather Review”—Continued.
national weather maps showing, by months, the mean temperature,
pressure, and the prevailing winds, at 7.35 a.m., Washington mean
time, over the northern hemisphere, and also the approximate posi- |
tion of the centers of storm-areas at that hour. 3. Notes on the |
formation and disappearance of ice, and closing and opening of nav-
igation on all the large rivers and lakes, and along the seaboard of
the United States; and, 4. The temperature of water, surface and
bottom, in ihe riversand harbors of the United States.

39301. Volumes of the ‘‘ International Bulletin,” with daily charts.

39302. Volumes tri-daily weather maps of the United States.

39303. Volumes of ‘Synopses, facts, and indications.”

39304, “Annual report” of the Chief Signal-Officer.

ENGINEER BUREAU.

Charts of the inland waters of the United States.

1. Lake Erie.

2. West End, Lake Erie.

3. Kelly’s and Bass Island, Lake Erie.

3°, Head of Green Bay, Lake Michigan.

4. Straits of Mackinaw.

5. East Neebish Rapids, St. Mary’s River.
6. Saginaw River.

7. St. Clair Flats.

8. Buffalo Harbor.

9. Tawas Harbor, Lake Huron. 5
10. Beaver Island Group, Lake Michigan.
11. Eagle Harbor, Lake Superior.

12. Agate Harbor, ‘‘ us
13. River St. Marie, No. 1.
14. gs 2

15. Maumee Bay, Lake Erie.

16. Eagle River, Lake Superior.

17. Ontonagon Harbor, Lake Superior.

18. Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron.

19. Thunder Bay, sig oe
20. Marquette Harbor, Lake Superior.

21. Presque Isle and Middle Island, Lake Huron.

22. Lake Huron.

23. South End, Lake Huron,

24, Grand Island, Lake Superior.

25. West End, Lake Superior.

26. Grand and Little Traverse Bays, Lake Michigan.
27. North End of Green Bay.
28. Copper Harbor, Lake Superior. ‘
29. L’Anse and Keweenaw Bay, Lake Superior.
30. Portage Lake and River, Lake Superior. |
31. Lake Superior, No. 1.

32. “ “c ce 9

33. North End, Lake Michigan.

34. Huron Islands, Lake Superior.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 238

ENGINEER BUREAU.

Charts of the inland waters of the United States—Continued.
35. South End, Green Bay.
36. Lake Superior, No. 3.
37. St. Clair River.
38. Isle Royale, Lake Superior.
39.
40. City of Chicago.
41. Lake St. Clair.
42. St. Lawrence River, No. 1.
43. Sandusky Bay.

} 44. St. Lawrence River, No. 2.
45. “ “ ce se
46. ce ce ce 4.
47, Sand Beach Harbor of Refuge, Lake Huron.
48,
49. St. Lawrence River, No. 5.
50. South End, Lake Michigan.
51. Coast Chart, No. 5, Lake Michican.
52. Coast Chart, No. 3, Lake Michigan.
53. St. Lawrence River, No. 6.
| 54. Coast Chart, No. 2, Lake Michigan.
| 55. Coast Chart, No. 1, ae
56. Detroit River.
| 7. Coast Chart, No. 6, Lake Michigan.
| 52. “c ““ ae 6c
59. “ “ 4, “
60. ee og 1, Lake Ontario.
61. Lake Ontario.
62. Coast Chart, No. 9, Lake Michigan.
63. ‘“ be 8, 6
64. ee & 2, Lake Ontario.
65. “ “cc 3 ce
66. c ‘“c i 6“
7, 6c 7: 5, 6
63. < ee 2, Lake Erie.
69. “ce ee 3 ce
70. “ 3 4, 6c
ale
72. Coast Chart, No. 6, Lake Erie.
73.
74.
75. :
76. Mississippi River Charts, vicinity of Cairo, No. 1.
77 éc ce ce 2.
” : % ““ ‘e 3.
79. ‘“ Between lat. 34° 53’ and lat. 35° 13’, No. 4.
80. a & i 5.
81. s x sy 6.
g2, ‘cc 6c “ce i
83. ‘“ “ ‘<“ 8.
84. ‘cc 74 ce 9,
85. “cc ee “e 10.
| 86 66 cs ee 11.
. 87. : , : 12.

88 «“ “ “ 13.

234 FISHERIES OF 1HE UNITED STATES.
4. DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY.

BUREAU OF NAVIGATION—HYDROGRAPHIC OFFICE.

—. Charts of the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North America.
21. North Atlantic Ocean. Sheet I.
16-18. Northeast coast of North America. Sheets I, II, III.
238-9. East coast of North America. Sheets IV, V.
9,15. Gulf of St. Lawrence, Newfoundland, and Banks adjacent.
Sheets I, II.
240-241. North Coast of Gulf of Mexico. Sheets I, II.
19,20, Bahama Banks and Gulf of Florida. Sheets I, II.
31-36. Gulf of Mexico, West Indies, and Caribbean Sea. Sheets I, I,
ETS VE VeVi
40. Windward Islands and Caribbean Sea.
704, Gulf Coast of Mexico. Sheet I.
527. North Pacific Ocean. Sheet II.

NAUTICAL ALMANAC OFFICE.

—. American Nautical Almanacs, 1877. 4 copies.

ce o6 “ec 1878. é
“c cé ce 1879. “e
ce se oe 1820. e
“cc “ce oe 1881. ce
oe Mb ue 1282. se
——. American Ephemeris, 1880. 4 copies.
6é ce 1881. ce
oe ce 1822. es

5. STATE OR PRIVATE ORGANIZATIONS.

MASSACHUSETTS HUMANE SOCIETY.

——. Reports of the Massachusetts Humane Society.
—. Medals for Life-Saving Service granted by the Massachusetts Hu-
mane Society.

|
|
i

let meets ti

——

APPENDIX.*

SHCTION C.

MEANS OF PURSUIT AND CAPTURE. (p.53.)
I. HAND IMPLEMENTS OR TOOLS.

3. AXES:
BOAT-AXES. (p. 55.)

39472. Two boat-axes, with (A. S. Crosby & Co.’s, Waterville, Me.) patent
cover. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

I]. IMPLEMENTS FOR SEIZURE OF OBJECT. (p. 56.)

7. BARBED IMPLEMENTS (THOSE USED WITH TWO MOTIONS, THE FIRST
THAT OF THRUSTING.)
SPEARS WITH FIXED HEADS. (p. 59.)

39457. Improved eel-spear. (Manufactured by the New London Fish-Spear
Company, New London, Conn.) Bradford & Anthony, Boston,

Mass.
IV. BAITED HOOKS, ANGLING-TACKLE. (p. 64.)
16. (ACCESSORY.) PARTS AND ACCESSORIES OF ANGLING-APPARATUS,

AND OF HARPOON AND SEINE LINES.
LINES (TWISTED AND PLAITED). (p. 85.)
Silk lines.
42931. Standard braid silk line. 50 yards. William Mills & Son, New York..

42928, Water-proof line. 40 yards ‘“ E.” os a
42929, Water-proof line. 30 yards ‘‘F.” s ne
oe ce

42930. Water-proof line. 25 yards ‘F.”

TROUT AND GRAYLING FLIES.
42933. Fly-book with 1} dozen flies. William Mills & Son, New York.
42932. Fly-book. a
LINE HOLDERS AND THROWERS.
39427. Machine for throwing fishing-line. Manufactured by L. A. Peck,
Boston, Mass. Bradford & Anthony, Boston, Mass.

*Enumerating articles received too late to be given in the body of the Catalogue.
; 235

236 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

RODS. (p. 92.)

42925. Salmon-rod. Extra tip. H. L. Leonard, Bangor, Me., through
William Mills & Son, New York.

42926. Trout-rod. Extra tip and case. H. L. Leonard, Bangor, Me.,
through William Mills & Son, New York. \

42927. Combination rod. Seven pieces, making eight distinct changes in
caliber. H. L. Leonard, Bangor, Me., through William Mills &
Son, New York.

ea ee ees

SHOR LOIN Ez:

ANIMAL PRODUCTS AND THEIR APPLICA- 7
TION. (p. 148.)

I. FOODS.

2. FOODS PREPARED FOR KEEPING. (p. 143.)

DRIED PREPARATIONS, WITH AND WITHOUT SALT.

42939. Alden’s evaporated fresh codfish. Sample represents ten pounds of
whole fresh codtish. Charles Alden, Gloucester, Mass. =

42946. Okhotsk codfish. Lynde & Hough, San Francisco, Cal.

42947. Boneless Okhotsk codfish. Lynde & Hough, San Francisco, Cal.

42958. Alaska codfish, Choumagin Islands, Alaska. Thomas McColam &
Co., San Francisco, Cal. :

39407. ‘‘Lion and Unicorn Boneless Cod.” Potter & Wrightington, Boston.

42957. Codfish tongues and sounds. Lynde & Hough, San Francisco, Cal.

42952. Salted salmon. Lynde & Hough, San Francisco, Cal.

42959. Salted herring. Thomas McCollam & Co., ae

42960. Dried barracuda from San Diego, Cal. John Smith, San Francisco,
Cal.

42965. A bag of dried fish. The common sort put up by most Chinese colo- j
nies. Includes Caulolatilus and Pimelometopon from San Diego, }
Quan Wing Yick, San Francisco, Cal. .

42966. Lot of dried fish from China (put up in matting). It includes some
cephalopods of different sorts, besides Cynoglossus, Amblyscion,
Stromateus, Tetrodon, and some other Labroids, Carangoids, and
Flounders. Quan Wing Yick, San Francisco, Cal.

42940. Dried soft-shell clams. Put up by Charles Alden, Gloucester, Mass.

42941. Soft shell clams. Dried and ground with all the juices retained. A
fine clam soup may be made by the addition of water and cooking
for twenty minutes. Charles Alden, Gloucester, Mass.

42969. Shrimp meats, after being dried, pulverized, and put through fanning-
mill. Bay View Chinese Colony, California.

42967. Shrimps. From the Chinese colonies on the bay, in three sorts—
plain, peeled, and strung on matting, Quan Wing Yick, San Fran-
cisco, Cal.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. Dane

SMOKED PREPARATIONS. (p. 143.)

42951. Smoked salmon. Lynde & Hough, San Francisco, Cal.
42950. Smoked herring. Lynde & Hough, San Francisco, Cal.
42963. Smoked herring. San Francisco Bay, California. Leo Waltman,
San Francisco, Cal.
42964. Smoked sturgeon. San Francisco Bay, Cal. Leo Waltman, San
Francisco, Cal.
42953. Smoked candle fish (Thaleichthys pacificus). Lynde & Hough, San
. Francisco, Cal.

PICKLE OR BRINE-SALTED PREPARATIONS. (p. 144).

42962. Pickled herring. San Francisco Bay, California. . Leo Waltman,
San Francisco, Cal.

42955. Salmon tips (throats, etc.). Lynde & Hough, San Francisco, Cal.
42956. Salmon bellies. Lynde & Hough, San Francisco, Cal.

42954. Halibut fins. Lynde & Hough, San Francisco, Cal.

42907. Russian caviar. H.K. & F. B. Thurber & Co., New York.

42971. Caviar. Pacific Coast Packing Company, San Francisco, Cal.
42991. Caviar of 1880. Schacht and Fruechtnecht, Sandusky, Ohio.

PREPARATIONS IN SPICES AND VINEGAR, &c. (p. 144.)

42961. Preserved Norsk anchovies. San Francisco Bay, California. Leo
Waltman, San Francisco, Cal.

42911. Shrimps. (Dunbar & Co.) H. K. & F. B. Thurber & Co., New

York.
. 42912. Spiced shrimps. (J. W. Jones.) H. K. & F. B. Thurber & Co.,

New York.

42914, Cowdry, pickled lobsters in jars. H. K. & F. B. Thurber & Co.,
New York.

42915. Pecor. Fresh shrimps. H. K. & F. B. Thurber & Co., New York.

42916, Pickled oysters. (McMenamin, Hampton, Va.) H. K. & F. B.
Thurber & Co., New York.

42905. Thurber’s pickled shrimps. H. K. & F. B. Thurber & Co., New York.

PREPARATIONS IN OIL. _(p. 144.)

42910. Shadines. (Home & Odell.) H. K. & F. B. Thurber & Co., New
York.

42979. California sardines. (Clupea sagar.) Pacific Coast Packing Com-
pany, San Francisco, Cal.

42982, Russian sardines, mariné. (Clupea sagaz.) Pacific Coast Packing
Company,’ San Francisco, Cal.

COOKED PREPARATIONS IN CANS. (p. 144.)

42985, Canned Oregon salmon. Can shape ofa fish. Containing an entire
fish. Oval brand. A. Booth & Co., Baltimore, Chicago, and San
Francisco.

42986. Canned Oregon salmon. Square can, containing about twenty-eight
pounds fish. Oval brand. A. Booth & Co.

42987. Canned Oregon salmon. One and two pounds. Oval brand. A.
Booth & Co.

238 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

COOKED PREPARATIONS IN CANS.

42949, Salmon. Put up by Oregon Packing Company, Astoria, Oreg.
Lynde & Hough, San Francisco, Cal.

42913. Salmon. H. K. & F. B. Thurber & Co., New York.

42977. Salmon ravigotte. Pacific Coast Packing Company, San Francisco,

Cal.
42948. Cape Flattery canned halibut. Lynde & Hough, San Francisco,
Cal.

42900. Canned clams. (J. W. Ketchum & Uo.) H. K. & F. B. Thurber &
Co., New York.

42902. Underwood’s clam chowder. H. K. & F. B. Thurber & Co., New
York.

42903. Underwood’s clams. H. K. & F. B. Thurber & Co., New York.

42983. Cove oysters, 1-pound cans. Union Oyster Co., Baltimore, Md.

42984. Cove oysters, 2-pound cans. Union Oyster Co., Baltimore, Md.

42989, Cove oysters, 1 and 2-pound cans. A. Booth.

42904. Crabs (deviled). ‘‘My Maryland.” H. K. & F. B. Thurber & Co.

42908. ‘‘My Maryland Crabs.” H.K. & F. B. Thurber & Co., New York.

42909. Bryce crab neat. H. K. & F. B. Thurber & Co., New York.

42972. Bloaters (Biicklinge) (herrings). Pacific Coast Packing Company,
San Francisco, Cal.

42973. Cabinet herring, marme. (Clupea mirabilis.) Pacific Coast Packing
Company, San Francisco, Cal.

42975. Paragon cooked herring. Pacific Coast Packing Company, San
Francisco, Cal.

42974. Berger Flohm hiiringe. Pacific Coast Packing Company, San Fran-
cisco, Cal.

42980. Herring. Pacific Coast Packing Company, San Francisco, Cal.

42976. Sturgeon ravigotte. Pacific Coast Packing Company, San Francisco,
Cal.

42978, Filet de sole, Tartar sauce ( Psettichthys, etc.). Pacific Coast Packing
Company, San Francisco, Cal.

42981. Anchovies (Lngraulis ringens). Pacific Coast Packing Company,
San Francisco, Cal.

42906. Green turtle. H. Kk. & F. B. Thurber & Co., New York.

ACCESSORIES TO FOOD-PREPARATIONS.

42968. Several kinds of salt. American Salt Company, San Francisco.

I. CLOTHING. (. 147)

3.* SKIN AND MEMBRANE.

SKINS OF FISHES.

16091. Skin of salmon, used for boots, capes, and bags. Youkon River
Indians, Alaska. See page 1382.
10347, Skin of codfish. Alaska,

INTESTINES.

4559, Intestines of sea-lion. Used as water-proof dresses. Northwest Coast.
See page 132.

FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 239

II]. MATERTALS EMPLOYED IN THE ARTS AND MANU-
FACTURES.

12. ISINGLASS. (p. 154.)

ISINGLASS.
42921. American isinglass. C. Norwood & Sons, Manning Bros., agents,
| Boston, Mass.

42990. Isinglass made from sounds of sturgeon. Schacht & Fruechtnicht,
Sandusky, Ohio.

13. GELATINES. (p. 156.)
GELATINES.

42944. Fish glue, from fish and bones. Charles Alden, Gloucester, Mass.
18. FERTILIZERS. (p. 162.)

ARTIFICIAL GUANOS.

42942. Fish guano, from refuse of boneless fish. Charles Alden, Gloucester,
Mass.

42943. Fish guano, from ‘‘gurry,” or refuse of fresh fish. Charles Alden,
Gloucester, Mass.

42970. Shrimp-chaff, winnowed from dried shrimps by Chinese in California,
and exported to China as a fertilizer for tea-plants. The meat of
the shrimp is eaten. Bay View Chinese Colony, San Francisco,
Cal.

15. OILS AND FATS. (p. 157.)

FISH-OILS. (p. 160.)
Oil of other fishes.
42992. Oil from sturgeon. Schacht & Fruechtnicht, Sandusky, Ohio.

Ste I EOIN Er.

RESEARCH, PROTECTION, AND CULTURE.
HI. PROPAGATION, (. 214.)

APPARATUS USED IN THE TRANSPORTATION OF FISH. (218.)

39499. Ferguson’s aerating apparatus. T, B. Ferguson. U.S. Fish Com-
mission.

This apparatus is screwed into the top of a carrying can, and a small
stream of water coming in froma tank or reservoir above draws
air in through the side aperture and discharges it at the bottom
of the tank, when it rises to the surface ina foam. Apparatus of
this kind was used in the Boston aquarium of W. E. Baker in 1874,
and by the U. S. Fish Commission in 1875 in the aquaria of its
Sea-coast Laboratory at Wood’s Holl, Mass. It was applied to fish-
carriers by T. B. Ferguson in 1877.

a Fe

Ss

INDEX OF OBJECTS.

A.
Aborizinal fish-spears ....................
emceossomes; Anpling.2...:.-..-scccccca-s
HEDWOOMee ne essse kc cceu de ces

to artificial baits ..............

to food preparations.........

to hatching-apparatus......
Pees Biee Stretaee tewen wlan Aes Secise ee
PROMS TMOMUUS. = Sac cs as -sccssccce css
ALCIPOUSEr DLE VITOStTIS......--.----22-0022
MPMIGHHOUSe ee sone ae cee
AUTO eet elena ccm cee cusiecctcie
Acipenserids ....... .....- eee eee erases
Active work in fish-culture...............
Adhesive-egg apparatus..................
PILED ATINGBRENAIL S202 25. 5h. sksece ce ec-ne
PICANOL OMAN 222225 cceccescenccanaes q
PEE Sree ae) ainc aan casansccasec
PUI C RTC e neni anata scce cose ace ascaae sss
PRUE Mee tense scene aoe a cacrc conc aca ce

“cs

as

PAUGTHOOSSITMOCS! --- 5200 cnscccnesc-s-2=t---
PLEPIGOSHUTUS LOLOX-.------s------se0ses-
PATEGNOCE DRANG <<... ccs -- tec we ent anee
Alepocephalus bairdii.......-.-......--.
PWR ato toate eccae ns ccceeeece-nes

Ul Pee enon Seen easene nae

SULA Ol eta ata te tenis arene oa

SEG OL MISCO OCU sccan eon ac ==>
PEMOPEGIUU sme es Seca no= «cececsccces ss
2 LG 7PI Sl WEE GersocererestscorpeEeEanoee
PBUGSA NDIGISSIMID ....-+-50c--2ssccesc---0
PMEDE TAI CUOODLL= a sslec 2s selects cases case
Penne ME een see eae a Skee ess annie a
Ambergris of sperm-whale...-. Beane =
Amploplites'rupestris’....--......-.--.---
American Commercial Sponges. .--....---
Dipper .----..---------.-------

RHEE Nea ans t tes seme s sees

Est eee eee ee
RRO Hisere tee et aca caee sce scees
PRMENITT ee eee ate a ccicleee cscs swe cese
PREM CHULA Se vacccccnccssecncesssccecs
PIOMMOLOSUS 2s 24 oancinssces ees oe
Ammodytes americanus .....--- ees cees =
Ammodytidie ....-. pete hecbe ERE SOC ER ee
Amphistichus argenteus ....-------------
Be vane aaa Walon ate ats

oe

“

16F

103

238

217
43
12
39
3

39

210
217

Page.

Amphiama means--..ccuseseeeeeseoeeneee 1i
Amphiumids 2.5 <sscss25o-sovn see sehaoees 1
Anacanthinik 3: S22 a seese ccc: ceaeeeeee 14
ANATTHICHAIGD == oo ccoane cee csa cose 16
ANATTDICHAS LUPUS =p once tere eae ee ee 16
i MINOL 22.6 .hec sooo st erskaee eee 16
ANSbOD 2c ite ces oe wean eet aafen cee eee 5
ANGHOTS 2222s escetncsnc neta poecue eee 118
“ANCHOVY = Bute ssensewoscemacedes Janet 36
An pelfish-al22( tio cncceteteces copes ees sees 21
Ari clertite aes Sect nscanase cases = seen eee 11
ANSISIa SHIA ob ck nessa eecenescLennesee 130
Anpling) Tiiteratorenog - sk -.s. aeons see es 136
TACK Olt awjccissessecceccsescce sce 64, 235

Anguilla vulgaris-c..=\ceds => -caeeee sees 38
ATT POUN dS oS S22 sathce ae tee we acn el cee eens 38
Animal products and their applications .. 142, 236:
PAT BLS) SEUOIN GEN oe cate aioe ets eo oeleaeeeae 102
Anisotremus virginicus ............---..--- 27
ATVs i ietes aoe make eee eeciceeeeenisue eee eee 10
Apeltesiquadracns == >2-).42 senecneeeesaewe 31
*AGIOUES Shire tae ate cee Sebo eeesues seseecewes 38.

Apparatus accessory to rigging fishing-ves-

Sols) cose Beeler ee ae oeeeee 115

(A GHERIVE-C2 Ey se ccicerinscn se seacs 217

Collecting 2 sca see seetce ar ceee 163

COOKING: i.60-26cessc ces basen 128

for physical research ...-....--- 163
NMOkKe-dryINS canoe oweweas aan 140

San-dryinges esses en aekee eee 139

used in feeding fry ........-.--- 218

used in transportation of fish. 218, 239

JAD PENOIK) Sooo Soc cnaneacsesneeaaes aeaoee 235
Appliances for measurement ...--.-..--..-. 163
for working up results.......-.. 16%

furnished by the several depart-
ments of the government for
the aid and encouragement of

the fisheries: =~ -- 0.0 -a.scnees 225°
Of pursnlitssscas- eee eoreeasese 104
Applications, Animal products and their... 142
Aquatic'amimals:s 2222) scasnn-sedeee senna Zz

Fish-cars, and other floating
COMOR LON aes caecriaie sons 139
Archosargus probatocephalus..-....-.------ 27
Ardea G2rettay sos esniclciemenielcnisue seen emer ae 5
So" hOLOCIAaS ee sre sep eee eee aa 5
ATdGid® 2 sicsse eco do seaecnscnanvamennae 5
| Argentina syrtensium.........--....--.---- 33
Argentine, Western... -.5.---.---s--ascnns 33
Argyreiosus VOMEP: -. 2.2. ----v-0-seeess-s~- 23
Argyrosomus artedi........-..-.-+.-------- 34
Aromochelys odoratus...-...--------------- 9
ATTOWS: 3 x0 00s aiss.= scewecdaviaces== ata <aaamee 64
HANPOON tis coda eck as once een 64

241

242 INDEX.
Page. |

PATTI CIA DAIS’ 22 s2--25 5s esa eee 103 | Batrachians ./<...22-2e-ssseeeee= Eaecotaeee 10
ACS cesta eee enwewcceeest-e eases, 103 | Babrachid:3l-seeeeee eee eee eee 16
for Dasse-s2--=-- eee eee eee 71 | Batrachus taw. -2.22..22-<ssco-ee eee e eee 16
on hooks : 2.252 ,--merseaee eae 71, | Beam-traw]) <sig sc. .22sscessccveesen eee een 99
Raw materials for making... 103 | Bearded Flying-fish ..... Sse eee seeaeeeee nee 32
for ‘salmon... -seeeeeeee 71 | Beaver 2:- <2 cceae- sac. oe sees ee eee ee eee 147
for trout. -s25-eseoosee nee (LS) Beds;\ Cree ee eee reer eeeeeee sees eee 127
@UANOS | 25-15 ase se eee eee 162, 239 | Nets for 25.222. .0c 4uccee sae se eee 132
Arts and manufactures, Materials employed | Belaying-pins - «225-22 <.o-2 sees aoe ee 117
PT. Sejeis tome eee eae eee 148. | ‘Belone hians -<~2-22 "250 --ee eee eee 32
ZASpidonectes LeLox.- <. o<sicls2 = eee pe sae 9 * latimanus) 5-202 = sasceoas eee eee 32
on Spinifer5460/S2s te ncee eee 9 “* longirost?is. 2.232. csc0- See eee 31
Aspidophoroides monopterygius.---.....--. 17: |\SBelonide ..2..2:.05...-2... 31
Association, Massachusetts Humane. -.--.. 233 | Belted Kingtisher,..-- 222 qa0ace-e noes 4
Associations, private .....---:j.-sscce-ssu- 233 | IBery C102. «5:22. c 55 oceaseme Soe eee 25
State, 2.225 oscctieeee = peeeee 233 | Bidarkas or Kyaks.......-..2-----2 (ossasede 104
AStrOscopus:anoplus ==. -.==sesseeea=- oes 17, | sBidarras or Umiakss2----n.45- eee eee 104
BAGH GTN O08 os seen a= eae eae eee eee 3 |) Big-eyed Scad..--------- acurnic st ace dae eee 23
‘Acalostoma,maculatum -...---cee cass = eee 31) | WBirch-bark canoes... 5 s5o5e ee eee eee eee 104
ATULO SOM |... esse eee eee Sees 31. | Birds?. 2... -o eee 4
Awis Probing. sist scegm es ssseausde se cense 56, |) Black Grouper. - =... 2:--s- «s=nes- seceeeeere 29
FAXES: Sums ccccsam sc cheeberess scseseemeemes 55 | Rudder-fish 222-222. =.ue eee eee 25
Boab... 20... seas pe yi sdebesecte 235 Skimmer’ 2522622 -2 ses eee eee 7
PLOPCL~2- cance sees te eeR eee ae 55 | Black-banded Sun-fish.-....--.......-.------ 28
Wrihalemen(sshead--.--=-< owen t--+ aaece 55 | Black Bass, Large-mouth..-..........------- 28
| Small-mouthed..--. oon eeeenee 28
B. | taGklé t.0fs--s-a. ee 64
Baird SCiNeEs: 2.22 ness as ost awsy gees cess 97 | Black-eared Rock-fish -<-22. 22322222 -sce-ee 18
Bairdiella punctata: .-- 2.2. s20--se----se--- 26: | Black-fish JW nsctecccn cececsc cee ee eee 3,19
Bait-boxes and\cans)- =.=... cseus-£=--s---< 103 | OU oc ce sc cccceccasccer scee eee ee 159
CUOLEIS 6252 SGsesaier -2/\pisede = asco 102 | Black-headed Rock-fish.......-.-.:.....-.<. 19
ladles! cn cicnsgedscies cose once iomtemoeoe 57,103’ }) Blankets; &¢\. -- 2.2.5 2.5 sc caceo eee ae eee 127
BU 5; EP Ere eee Ne lan oe cccoee/e eee 103,141. | Blepharis/crinitus 2.222225. 22snsee see 24
BCINGS 72 Busase ee toccca aclceeeeeeems ce 97 | <Blocks 222-52 225-32 c0025e sete eee eee 115
iBaited hooks: . 5232542453 so. ss. sete eae 647235) || Blubber-forks <2 22-- ec sc-ce sears ene nee 58
IBALtS Siee f $Se Bath = eS sesicece e See eee 102 | pikes 22.2 tocse2 sptaccee se eee 58
SATIN CIAL ama seia ooo See dee eee 103: |) ‘Blue Heron... 2 ssc..cc sees sees eee > ANS
Methods of preparing (accessories)-. 102 Makes. 2252 2sdesedee des cocte soe eee 15
GUA Wotton sljsocecmersa-- se. L025 Blue-cheeked Red-mouths-5-o55-42=eeeeeeee 27
(Pre parahion) Osa a. 5 sees see oe 141 | Blue-fish 252 - .....22-s2sqeoee oe see nee eee ee 20, 30
Bags, Clothes ------.. <n. ctisescaome- 131 tackle) <2 2cscssbac cece eee 69
Gamenieeset ceanee Bees ee eel= =r = 132""| (Boat-axes <<< 3.520 siee 2 coe ee=eee =e Ree eee 235,
BalwenamMySpCevus\. aa <6 - 2 cece teens 3 | Boat-buekets.< 0: s255 22 < st.e<s-daeee bene eee 125
palvonidie jd Genet aca: co au soe oes ages 3 hooks. 25 fp eee- ee ee 57, 116
Baldthiaels: 2s iasep so. snc cece secs ase ee 4 SCINO. 225-5 cee eactc Jecee epee eee eee 106
PB aC CINE re aer axtetretes=b arcs e i= (em erale see = ain 149 spades; Wihaleman's=—-9----esees—eaee 56
Balistes Meum ae ssp s-\--om- aoe emins oie ne 12 Whale (used in whale fisheries).....-. 106
EBAIStIO Bap ssbetae neem em sce aes ana a 12 builders’? materialss=s2sees= ee 119
‘Balloon-fisht -<722504,5. <egsdteulieesenssscec<s 1h || “Boats «22. see soe ee ee ee Oe ee 104, 131
Banded ‘Rock-fish 222 4255 tansseeade<5—=-= 25 18 Cat-rig ged dishing. 2-2 cose see 114
Rudderfish? - 224-5 52s-cs-csseR sesor 24 Ducking...2255-., 9-2-2 ses sev eo 114
Wioltfish)--—s-se-a-s=ese5-ieoeeeeee 16 fishing, Italian ..........-.------.-.. 112
Banner Pompano .2e¢ esses hse feo ees -e 24 of Greate: see - =e eee 115
Barbed implements. +3 csxe4-4-22---------- 59 Portablesss.-2 ...s<2 os5526 se cee eee ey telon
SPCATS) 0.2 aS Sarsseilecoonceeateeeese 59 S@8'sosciee oe Seee gon-e ace se Cee 113
Bark: NCS 223s sejoooc cine coe ceesacekte en's 87 IBODS.) a2 c2ai- sciscie's oo tens Se seeaer eee ene 103
iBarrel-lifterswssss 52 yo isaac see owe 126: Bolt, Paump.<22 =< 5252.c0. seo22ceessee ene 125
Bass lies... S858 ses esses dee eee 83) Bone andi vOryi--o. - -soe=e ee eee 148
GYOSS 2. asisess 2 sisss nse aeeptr. ae see eee 28 Cuttle-fish: 225 2<- 2 ots ene <occeee see 153
Rede 3 ss tied aiisecs eee oe aes ees 26 of mammals. --- seeps ease eee 149
ROCK 22226 Shee dah auscasstehe fo ee eee 28 of sword-fish 22). 2eesseneeee nese 149
S08 5252 nace eee eae eeeeRin ee eeemeee 29 if Bones: of fishes=-<. ~2----n 5-1 eee eee 149
Spotted: «.c.ccties (esate cineentowns eee eee 26) PBonito.....-°-2-0--.coceo ce seee tere eee eee 22
Striped!=..- 2225-54 +oa =. 22 e nee seeeee 29 Long-finned 22s. 32225532526. 22
CRADS Hah sso coset) she oe cee te 102 Oceanic.c2 a5. i235 deccn cere tere eee 22
WIhiGe 72s ate toeecoceecsiensccnceccene 29. | Books, Log:.2....2.-icedsscceneeseer seen 135

;
:

) "— '

; INDEX. 243
Page. Page.
PSO Teen waite wenn - = eee mm (mama Oaidemelats 131 | Cat-gut leaderss si: tvjoue vcesua< ness ceeneeee 88
Moccasins, leggings ....-....-....... 131 SNOQUS Sn 2 2a ain'e nome seers oe 88
Bowherd Whale.............---..--......2. 3 | Catostounidss 228. acco aan oudiene ote 37
Bow-mouthed Gar-fish.............--2-..... 82) |MOvtostomus, teres 2.2 ose k ren ere sooo. 37
BowS .--..-- 2+ ---- esse eeeee eee e ee eens eee 4 | Cat-rigged fishing-boats ............-....--- 14
Box hook.....-.--.-------------------.---.. 126) | Caulolatilus mienopss2-<.. +. <cn-ausseosee ee 25
Pump, and haft for seine-boat.......... 125" |: @entrarchids:.. 20." ee ee 27
Boxes, Brit .......-.....-----.-------.22.--- 103 | Centridermichthys uncinatus...........--.- 18
Tee. ----- +--+ 2-2 +--+ eee eee ee eeee eee: 139 | Centropristris atrarius ..........-.......--- 29
Sia MU Ee ie le eieicteicin stele son's -= =~ onan nn 2G | Onde cia. g Sse tae ee eae oe 23
PAN ER UOM Ne ctetienaciwicitie s/s 2)saaeiecind = 27 Snotten eee ees See ate 29
IBTavooOruia PAtTONUS..---- -----0..---22 05-0 36) | AC orvie aloyvon 224s: a: sce eee 4
y Rey CRRIRS EDN Sa ea lntat oman a aon oo i= nm 36 | Gite fass be ano peed ee 2
Broad-fingered Sea Robin. ..-......-..-.-... 17, |PChetodon capistratus:.....< cs.casesee oes 21
SEBO MUEIGKOPOL. conn ola eaeice cmon cer aannsss 32) | A@h rato d ont 2) nae enn eee anes 21
Seer MAN TORMO’ ors ami wn son se oan oncieiae 15) | (Gharleston) Bream <~.-- 22 o- apeeeeeaes sees 27
CRD EGA 5 | Charts used by fishermen ................. 135
Babwrchthys UrUs ......--.--..----- 22 aes Sf) |sOhanliodontides.- 5 2avo5 eo. cape cee eeeee 33
Bucephala albeola...-.......---.-=.-.--<<2- 5; |@hauliodus sloanei(.-.-- o-sn--- <=-5 2 ees 33
BSH AES lee wane So = ow hoes onic oo ss cn nniaste 125) | @heloniaumiyans: +... 2-2 son0sces- a eeeese eee 9
NaC PEeeee ccc on oe cose s sacm esac se san; 10 VACA os oan aloha aes 9
PIN sates cis anon sn ense sas ecanse 66: (Gheloniidia -.- 22. see ocaee sia jaswinipvaere See 9
Bung-bucket or ‘‘ Water-thief”...........-- 125) |e Chelopus)euttotos yA. to ace e omens ones 8
PM eee wisn nunc njeniscine ss aviersandsie 15: | sChelydra sempentina, -=.-2-..-----.sssnsuese 9
SIR RE eis on Saiescinonsvinencce aid's« WH: | @hel vars pea a n= «= wins eee eles 9
SS ae eee eer 5 | Chemical products and agents derived from
Butter-fish ......-.. SESE SSR See eee re 25 Plants: ac 525 eons Sh en cemcew eee es ot 162
i nuerige HI VINE IS -- 2. .- -. occ cweces- 42: 32 Chemical products and agents employed in
C. the arts and medicine ..-...--:---2-5----- 12
Ohests eMedi¢iner: < 22-5 coe see ee ere 133
California ‘* Spotted Sole”.................. 14 Chief Mountain Lake White-fish ..........- 34
allirhings ursinus--.-.-2.......2..-..-- 2,51 | Chilomycterus geometricus ........----.--- 11
PEM UL Ulan arene ce «aoc <= ~~~ «=e De WO DIMA BLO WD aaa a ee ce ee 40
PRS ere ts esos secre me oe <8 59 = 153 plumbean. 5. iss saves. 2s cemseeeee 40
Demeter as ale sine ala mine om = Sta OB: | @himisori aa 2s as So ae en ela 40
arene pEUCG-EPCN 2-8 a cece siccedee = 20) | M@bITOStomMamMOtAnO IO: ame aaa en psa 31
Seandies, Spermacetl ----....---.-------2--- 160) |\@hinns ruttatns:.« <¢-cnp cnn pce senaekee 19
POC Reet enn os eee cee ne = <i 124 DIGGS: < lee soe est espe een eee 19
(CROLL 1 ea Re 140 Constellatiis Ae 5 semteemeysemerei sere re 19
EGON Vlg DV ce a= <n atme Ja «ons = 140 Chloroscombrus chrysurus --.--.-.-------- me 24
DROP NUee ore a coats = sn cos se oee Gash oe 105; Wi@hocks: 325 ch as 116
SIIAGE EAD ene otal eee ania imap a 104: | Chosrojulis radiatus! <.-22- 5-0. cae eee 20
PU se is emi a ere att 3 DOS MCROPSCGE 222 see ae eee ee 19
lOntalte eee a cetera nec aban 1S) e@hend roster aoe oa cee 39
MERROW ne io. come eee aee «a 102) PCR OPDETS tee neee ape peewee eee Re 141
WMO DOK toe eee a eee 104 | Chop pin ok ives eae ease ata aera ae ee 55
Cans, Cooked preparations in.-...-......--.. 145 | Chrysemys oregonensis.......-.--..---.--.- 9
Ree Pein cle ae etc oee so oat oie 103 “ PUGH ote 6) ane eee ae 8
MOTH VOC oes acc eoasoe eee 140 TOhIGH ati aa cee aes nee 9
PORCINE TSN coe cae sees a= s-5 <6 TTS in Od 50 388 ae a lam aera res ee 4
Canvas-back Duck .....- Geecesenaee sas 5) | s@inclus,mexicanus, :<c.-.5---.55-o-nRe Ree 4
BE ENUM RI onotc om= 6s cate one w= 20 cpele <= 131) |n@inostemids «22-22 sees teen aes 9
EP Tetra ae eee ie cl-a—- - 8 = = - 23 | Cinosternum pennsylvanicum.......------- 9
SENOS CHULYSOS|-\02 525 -2002-2 202 s005%5=- "23° |i@lam-rakes ..< 0 So -2< -cqsceseanaseecuenses-aeseOD
my EIN eee sae a meen gees 23 | Clarifying vats, Models...............------ 142
a “LOS TRI Sho Sa Se See sas 2o. \itlaw: Dewi ss a oe oe eee ae oe 125
PearehANiASMIUGOLAlIS .--— 2. -2.------=-sis=-- Ad) |s@lonts. 21.99.2056 ee ree eae 120
SRE RMN 20.) oe c= eco er cen sens. 87) | 4olews and ‘hanks, -25 03. soce penne ate 115
PIRES te cae ones ace cwatn isp = ST uC lothes- Pars 5a ann ainn nase 131
Warpigues Cy prinus....-....---.--------< eas 37 lo UHI a3 5 os iat ni ee 129, 147, 238
Carrageen or Irish Moss, Gelatine prepared for dhe PANGS 5 2s ae <n cee se 131
SENIE ene oe oS Set ow oes 156 | OU SIS one omaeranasfceeraeeree 130
SRE ee eee ee oes saa coos a 100) ONS sn. 2 25 aa ee con dae See oes 52
REE Foo a on = cance nnn nstace he == 210 Unarmed) a cece, uaaes cheeses 52
Miata GHANTIOL . 22. -j243~= ~~) 2 -4saee2<- 38 | Clupea harengus ..........--.- = 36

244 INDEX
Page. | Page.
Clupeid ees nc aon eee eel eae eee 36 | Cynoscion carolinensis. .-...-.....---------- 25
@onstlaboratorioss-sses222- sas eeeeee ee seela= 163 | o regalis: sss sneer eee 5
SO DLA rotetete ete ote aia a ele teala alate el ata alee BO! | (Cyprian ce era arrestee e 37
Cod, Isinglass from sounds of .--..--------- 154 | Cyprinodontid®..--.. so. -wenessiseeseeaee a= 33
Codfish ...ss.0.55.222dteadawseaeteoeeeseenee 14 | Cypselurusfurcatus).--<----2=- eee 32
Codling Spotted. --5- = 2 saa. seem aols eet 15 1:
Cod-liveroilesssas2 sons -eer ee eee eee 160 | =
Get ebe edt Rae 07. | Dab, Sand..-.--.--. vec rrone anc > rom gs crea 13
Geillectinwianceratus tea | Dactylopterus volitans....---.....----.--:. 17
See ee cee Frm Oe a Lo oa td | Dallia pectoralis)< 5-252. cece eee eens 33
coe of United States Fish Commis- ah Damaliohthys vacts see on 20
(0) | ee oe eat ia “
fete Soc Speen Pea eeas Darts 122... ioe
Wolorisketches- oe ers ss-- setae eae ee ree 43 | a ; ae ll e
Galmeblan = poet cate macarellus -----s-eg5- eee eee 23
nA GL SOT Se ee NO ee ee | D > x-§ ne ps PSL Soe bdo wor. Ge bate EL eee 2
Colymbus torquatus ....-.---..--.---------- Th | eee : ie
Commissary supplies. .-.-.--------+----+--- 128 Decoys peeerneremernric re ee ite
Common Flounder. -=----- s4se<e esses eee 13 a Si ht seg bees os) = mil tat nS Rta
Seal 9 | SOLOING ore ere mara lole)e alee ie eee a
Gouch Shell a f aes wccebarade ino Tame sow YP ce | and DiS OUWIS@S|s--s2.5-6 seer Aeeeees 102
Dice ge er ncaa we oe hel op Aa hc Ek sw ONC Sa are Poa a D “1-Se@e om ee we eee ane) ae ale nti 6:
Concrevions .. 22. 4-/s.--4-- see ee see ee 153 eed a 2
PRO Re vag Delphinapterinse ..--2----2-----veeseeeeeee: 2
eres rape Ara Sneak hari Mn ae a eal Delphinapterus catodon:...-.-.<=----.- 4253 2
OE Lae tae et aang aut oie a Oe ea Delp hinidse-<-2cccoereee eee eee eee 2
Cooked preparations in cans. .------------- 145, 237 aioe 125
Jooking appars eens cone Meshes 2 3 tied Koktee NDS BS 5 A
eee en z - Devices for the transportation of fish-eggs.. 217
peu ie eee ne Oe en ae 8
Woreronidse{tetses-- eee: soseeseteloe cae 33 anaes igs FEISS SOS lei ye 66 Se aaa it
Coregonus clupeiformis ....--.....---------- 33 : ries ae aac upai ts eee ale 5
me ps ane Re On Tey an Vr 34 | Diplectrum faSClCUlAl©> ---0s-5-- == see eee 29
onnarsnt 6 | Dip-nets.-...-----------++----+--+--++e222+-- 98
NT dar Laon alee 4 Dipper, American. -----<---- -s---ss—-<--=e=—= 4
Sega im Citas oy Saat eS aR ae Cea FGI a GS Disgorge Boe See eee ee
Worvuslossif{ragus ese. see bee eee ease ee 4 | eae i Deco a
Coryphena punctulata ........--.------2--! 24 | Dene ON SPOONS (S75 bn Anarene aaa es
$s SUCUTI vs cere psassbeceeensee eee 24 | OF ee abe taet ore) ae es al
) Doc-fish | SmO0tn sericea tea eee 42
4 i 9 = Y 75} ae
pee oo elie tai UE een oe ie | Spined422 222 eset sss Jee eee 42
HIS sen en tetas cae wrens ecenieuemoe IE eee as ee
olton- lines. <o:l nc. -2. due esiaoee ue meee Sri Ne oe as a
Gotins omens 18 | Small-spotted ..----- =) e-eaee 24
- ot aie Coit okra alee aoe ee 18 _ Dories, sharpies, and dingeys -.------------- 106
Pag Se oak a Aen ie Ce CA | Dory- nsaeSeon soem ace cseceecwaane eee
© -octodecimspinosus:-<. -<.2s:2------- Ta pean 3 i
Ghosh 2.3.19 | Dorysoma cepedianum .....---------.------ 36
ean ca Sepa Taare Gee er AL AOR OmmnaTe, Tece oa 30 | OTOSOMIC. esses = sees cee eee eee teeta 36
Bo a RAS eh ge aa La yo | Dtag) Whaleline...----.--s22-222eeeseeeeee 90
@restedubutinecsseceseetstsen ee teaseeneesee 6 re ystage to al ue
ae ae. Horse : 93 Drailing-tackle), soc. =e eee a eee 64
aie Steck AN a eages oa rails. -- <2: 2.052sese2 eres e nee eee ee
Gankices SN ene aa sine aoa aw ste os le Dredee, Rakesse ses. ssess=r ees oe Peer 99
ic Se ce nie eee ae cane ce seem ae cle alana =n waa = ) .
@rocodilia.+-72.-f2u<2 ewer aye Sea tawi pales eileenecees [oi ae a
Eee pperistiicsen Shoe eneth enor: * | Dried preparations, with and without salt... 235
peg ee ee PS a Ks q Driftnets -..--...2--2seeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeees 95
creat ty aia memes Py rete Cea ie EDWIN eee eee eee eae eee Eee ees 26
Cryptacanthides ..-...-.-------------------- 16 | ‘ Teeepemntae 7 26
Cryptacanthodes maculatus -..------------- 16!) ee ae nn Cee 139
eae and Protection....-.-.--..--------- a | cea iy. ee wn 139
rai SARS SES eae aie ec 15 Dry-salted preparations..........-...------ 143
re ieee SOPs | Gel tog Duck, Canwascback.....-2--+seeeeeeereeoee 5
Cuttine-spadese=n-s--5sssseeeres ae eee ee 55 Sara SCTE oie A ee aaa
Cuttle-fish, bone <2:s---+-+-.-aeteaa-Bertaees 153 | aetaaet PC
Cy bium caballa eee sen -meaae enero e ee 7B} | 7 MOY 223 DES ace proris a cine laine eae
Toh Oat and os Ok Mihm Nae 99 Ducking-boats --.-< ..-0. = seme nee eeree 114
ee Ne ees ge ee 29 | Mug-out. Canoes 45 45-4 eae ta- eae eee 105:
Paloessees cease eee see eee ‘ : s
Cycleptus elongatus........---2-.i2-------- 37 Dwellings, Fishermen 62 oor oeooaas ahaa ae
Cy CloganOldel rare swinie «mos = oem miele nim aim lalmlel =i 38 E.
C@yclopteridee Soe. oaeeeneee me cess asae ete =e 17a acle, “American esses sccee eer. = ee eee 4
Cyclopterus lumpus’.<2. 5<<.. sacs waeieee nee 17 Bald. : 2.0%8s22-oeteeeeeee eee 4

INDEX. 245
Page. | Page.

Ear-shells (Haliotide)............-......--- 152 | Factory, Oyster-canning..........2..2--++-- 140

Hcheneidid@ -...--....-.--<.... Seer ree coe meHOr |! Hidioonddes..=\c3 2.00 nee: SS ee 4

Echiostoma barbatum...............--..--. 38" | Wats'and oils=t2-5cy eee Oe eee eee 157

SILT Uae aan net nether rene TORY Teter. oe 8 NUE, Uys A ey ay ae en 1

Conger .-...--...---------------------- 38 | Parts of splechno-skeleton of, used as

Lamprey «.----------+---+---+--------- 43 charms. 322s h ee eee ee 149
Madeira... -.+------+-+-----------++--- Bo" | Wertiligers vet 5.2. ee eee 162, 239
Mud ..-.-- +. 000+ +++ +e ee eee eee ee eee 11 Manufactore|0f2--------—<-5= 2 142
Pre OSGU <2 an- == -------------- = - so |) Wuber zibethicns..e~. ce ee ee ones 3
ROCK 2-2. fe eee cee - eee 16). | Wicd e-tielin tee eee ee 41
SSN ie meme mw cewewesecsncccen== 1G? | eite fish ee ee ee 12
AB) eee te ie eam a = = 38 Fish, Apparatus used in the transportation

Eel-pots, without lewlers.......-..--..----. 102 GE =. SE ee eee 218

Milpaniien sae ess ta0 o~2- sce ose cee 15 Osns fore eee ae ee ee 140

EEN et ees aie nie oe = 2 = min 59 Cans for packing. ..............- Seccee aA

RRA OL eae essa sens: fess 154 Grower eae eo eee 4

Higes of American fishes..-...-...-.-......- 219 Bxtract ofc 20.ce eee eee 147

Eee eS a mci a sale nimiwae'= aca. s 3's in 5 | ID alOO By ees ot a Cee eee 20

UES ee cn no cawtascce an cessse. as: 30 Prepared food for adult..............- 218

Ra ete ete een a a oeiwiw oe aie = oo = 30 | Fish-cars and other floating cages for

Elasmobranchiates --.-.-..-....--...-----.- 40 ACUMIC ANIMAISS: Sao bocce oan See 139

RIE eee een tase cere = aaa aes 35 | Fish-culture, Active work in............--- 218

SNES HPs rama oan Sanne ei ams == 35 | Fish-culturist, Enemies of the ......-.-.... 218

imino pocadaCKSONL. -\.2.2----222.2.2--.--- 20 | Fish-eggs, Devices for the transportation

- Me Stee ee cnt an tana est 20 | (iy MA ee Sens ese sss. Bance sce 217

SIRT se eee en rocco seca cs cecesc.: 20 Toa Con) ee kere eee ee 219

MUU ieee es om cheese cent cates pees 8 | in process of hatching ..-....--- 219

SBM NODS = tee coe ene nn ence We ehish-trytin alcohol), eeees oe: See eee ee ee eae 219

Enemies of the fish-culturist ............--. 218 | Fish-guano works, Model of ......-..---.--- 142

SPEER see oes tae cece reece sano S60) PISO naWie ote ese eto eee hiner ee mem ane 4

Engraulis vittata....... eta ete eee) a oe sia 36 | Fish-jigs, Many-pointed.....-.......-....-. 59

IMU Pesce oP hecee ss cocese | PWighnntes: 422k eee eee eee 56

MV OMIG AUIS cdc seen was c++ ses 1” | PBIB D-OUS Vass ts asa0 Saas sens eee eae Ss 160

Bie INO NOUS © - o-oo 2 oc cess ocaccs cose #95 PixirscnOn ee. sasen ass. ee eee 142

PARR IS enter ra ne ae ars ea = Ses 3 Fish-ponds, Maps, photographs, and charts

. Epinephelus Drummond-Hayi..-.-...------- 29 | Ole eee ee epee ees a ee eee 218
os NOMI eee eee eee este ae OO) | PHISH“ pObSe eee eee ees sense ee See eee mS
s MIPMUNS = eee eee sases ms 29° |) Pish-scale jewelry: =... --=-==-02s~=5=5------ 151

iajaipmeny, Fersonal..-.. 2 .--..---------- 129 Fish-skins, Leather prepared from ---..-..-. 154

Uretmochelys squamata.................--- TO" (Snibh slides tao 228s as sooner nee 101

RELY 7OUVAIIGCHUA =~ - <<. Se sence ce ess 37 Wish-ways;, Inclined scen.saenccees ee ese eeea 213

PPPS TDD INE deny ees ae he one; eae ee 5 Movainefloat 2 5e2) a ce-e eee eee eel

MSkimioe Harpoons.---2-=-2-.---2--->--==2:- 60 | Spiral! 22) es ss2os ees 213

MELwN Nees: — = 2255. a eee ee 100. | Misher: 22-2222 2222-22 awe wine ne 1
BUDS Me enc seen meee tee meccs 63 OY Pekan S22 22-.e=ne ee eee eee 147

Nees tn eke cease ket et oes eee ee 32 | Fisheries, Encouragement of by govern-

Apes CANUG sans == 2s sacs tac ssh ea ee oa 32 ment departments .----..-.--. 223
BBLOWIR 2 bre sn Ses cc ets sta eet esse ote: 32 ‘Literature ofis-.22-ce saee ace cea 136
TG CIT nt ere tigate ten ee a eas 32 Means of pursuit and capture -- 52
BORO MENIAUNG = 225505 con aa --cees saa == 32 DG oe aa. eee ene te eee eee 52

Mstablishments, salting ---.:..:-2..:--..... 140 Fishermen, Charts used by.-.-...----.------ 135

Een CILMIAMNACD = a2 222.525 °52..2-.-2 cee 3 | Fishermen's dwellings \&Co o.oo e eeecee ene 134

Eumesogrammus subbifureatus.......-..-- 16 1O2-pOOKS= == eeeeer eae e eae 135

MIMNGLOGIAS SUCHEN: 2255 -so05siceccs2023555 Z| suits. So 2 ee ee eee 129

Eumicrotremus spinosus ......-.----.---.- Tl" Rishes ie 2-2 k eee ete eeneetee ceceweenee 11

FMM OMMGIS AULOUS 2252522262 5c52522282552- 0. 27 BONER Olte=cya=eerer pow etanace sees 149

ROR O ME hs itt oot note odoin as 37 Bees of Ameridans 1... coactemwe ces 219

PEMEenOM ESI eNss 2-22 sss 85555302 5252005% 32 DM tahOne)Olee eee eae eee eee 103

Be eee et are aoe serene eae 64 Scalésrofs- oes. a e~ eee eoerere 151

Deen MUN sen sa ss sos seco. ee cece ae 147 | Fishing-boats, Cat-rigged.....-......-.--.-- 114

Extraction of fish oils (with models) --.....-- 142 | Ttalttin Oe es eee 112

Extraction of whale-oil (with models) ..-.-.- 142 | Pishin@-ducles ata toe te oo eee c

KF. | Fishing-grounds of North America. --...--. 50

Face, Nets for ...... ees he =: sss 8 5 E> 132 | Models and maps of.....-- 50

Factory, Lobster-canning........----------- 140 | Fishing-lances .......---.----++-------+-+-- 59

246 INDEX.
Fishing-vessels, Apparatus accessory to ven G. EBB.
AT) re loreal alot aa dit; ||| Gadidis = 3 eeee sone ote eee 14
Schooner-rigged...-.-....-- 1145) (Gadnsimorhuaes--o-s-eseeeeee esse eee 14
MISsipedia: 22. eUecestio 2s Secbeee pe eee setae Tp) }Gathooksue s2cc. ase: cece eee nee eeee eee 57
Hixvures, Rudderic-cic-ce--s-cose-eeeeee eee 1195) (Galeocerdowtigrinussss)4-oseee soe eee 42
HAIN P-INONS) Oo Csecicew nina ose aioe eee eee 125) Galeorhinidss yeeees = see ee eae eeee eens 42
Moake-drying <2 s2eetsce,cc<se5seseeeeeeeees 139) "| Game-bags ~.-5< 92sas 2 2eeeee nese ee eee 132
BASH OT reps -ate sete ieee eee eee 30))|\Gannet<-<5-- -- cscs sce ee eee nee e eee 6
Mlat-fish <2 .2 sscvcdaccacessccmnscessseereee 13, | Gar-fish, Bow-mouthed.-.-._...........-..2- 32
VAX: SNOOMS hi 5 's'e sekcre carrer ee Eee 88 Silver. ..s.5-taasessscseenee SERRE 31, 32
Hlexible;materialsy-eece se sce see eee eee 1645, \Gar-pike 5: --:'.-tascce ee ceemee coset eee 39
Wiies, Artificial: ce seer ee eee eee eee en 71, 103 Short-nosed): ssacseee eee eeer ee eeeee 39
for DAaSS=tucceeoceeeeeceneee Wie |PGaspercatls. o--osscs sesso = =e se eee eee 36
for’salmon= cee eee saeee eee fly | Gasterosteides- 22-2225. 2ossa-ee econo eennee 31
fOT LOW Foepremrsoe eine eae 7i\,| Gear, Deep-86die 2.5252 Sacseninn soe eee ene 65
BOSs see cadeesuisseecocse seeeeeeeescee 83 Grappling e<.2..2 542-0 58ee eee eee 126
Grayling <2. 242.2 Sseasee eee e aaeceae 84, 235 Han deen eelao= ese eee e eae ee 65
Thakel. 2assesscocesssecoe eee een erase 83 NWS) Geerecoceeeesnaaciaonccslbace ache 118
on hooks'2'2 | -2eg-bosocdt ease ceeenteet 71 | Gelatine prepared from Carrageer or Irish
Saloni: sssacssoceticcesehoeeccctcoatite 82 IMME \ocenooscouboascekososce wescine Co raeee 156
Trout sccc de Stee sets db oe ieee 84,235 | Gelatine and oils, Preparation of........... 142
Moats t.. cece otc nes sero aaee Paces eee ee 895) (Gelatimes? = 5-02 \c- 1s oeeee eeaee eee eee 238
Gill-nets2ee nse ss ee ehods Se eines 90 | Geographical distribution, Maps showing. - 50
Regi esasstsiaensssecarectesess cesses 90))|| (Gall-nets; Wlerring-2e..-2s—= a- =se2 eee 96
Mhobster-poussssesre=ss ees sea teae 90 | OU) Ie Baeeaonaseocogsacenseosoodace- 97
Florida Gopher-tortoise .---.--------------- 8 Shad Sees an secce sees Sasa 95
Flounder, Common.....----- Pee neice moan 13} Gimp: Cubes. cem-) secsceaee eee eee 88
Hour-spotted ----+.-ssss 2-2 -oee 13 | Ginglymostoma cirratum........-.--.------ 42
Pole See he te cepa te cece nena Ia Ginclymostomatid sees =csses- ee se eeeee eee 42
ROUGE ssseeeseeeeececeeeeeoeees 149 Gite S ee sere eee eee oe te aniline ee eee 3
RUSLY) os 2 Sask see sete eeeeere 13))| ‘Globicephalings- <= -<oce- acc Sea eeeee 3
Wiatlenyenecsescss eee oem ee aenae, 13 | Globicephalus intermedius ...-........----. 3
Winter cusrscecc stest hose eseres 13 | Gloucester Isinglass and Glue Company.-.-. 155
Fluids and paints, Preservative. -.-..-- S-82-.1) 127/)|)\/Glyphidodon saxatilis ---. 252-5 2-sssemeesee 20
Hy -fishin ostac kil et ssssereeseaee eae eee 64 | Glyptocephalus cynoglossus.......---..---. 13
Bl yshoolks' 2 cess ese eect acm ee ar elek 103: j) \Gogsle-Cye:.3- csscceckiscsercecensneeaeeesene 23
Mlyin ol Gramard yeas ees eae eee eee 17a MGrolden= tail: acm soe =e oe else eee ee eee 27
Hlying-fish, Bearded: == san ssees ee ease 32 GhOOSG-11S Drea iare(sere)eeeiae oye eee eel es 11
Buttertly-s sess ssc. cetsiese ne 32//||,Gopher-tortoise, lorida. =. .2-..--5- s-eeeeee 8
Hog-horns\so:.Ssc4sess 52sec sce sonsoee eee 125 | (Gmaculidas..2 222-52. 222ceceeseehoee eee oeeeee 6
Holding or jerkenets=-- 42-442 s-ecseee tener ae 995) (Graculusidilophus:22-5-eees-]s2- ese easeeee 6
Hoodee=-e- ished cece e te cesacae soutien a ceeer 21:8),|\Grallatores <= 2ieeece =. =e aa eee eee eee eee 4
Preparation and preservation of ...... 139) /);Grampus q---c22 2... ce seen eee ee eee 3
MOOS ace cccescesm este sere eee eee esciee 142, 236 OTISCUS! 22 le elsciese sta ae eee 3
dried and smoked.....- af eeiceerectee 143) |wGrapnels:... 2.5225 Sete ce -ceeaeee ee ace eeeees 58
inraftresh condition 22: cee a=/sanle © HAS Grappling teat seme. = ese tae eteee Saleem 126
prepared for keeping --......-..-..-- 236) ||| (Grasping hooks s-oecc)s-s2 se see eee se sees 57
Hoot-stops and leaders’s.--u-sssee-e- ears - eeLO))| (Grappling-irons) eee eens see eeee eee eeeeee 58
Morks, Blubber= cst zen cc acciecses oeecceneeiss b8' | ‘Grass Bass: = 2-222 osesceme anes sec eee are eae 28
ish-handlin geeewesenne aes amare 58 ilGrayling flies sees oaeseee eee ere Mee
Squid -22eecccceom ences tease eeme 57 Mi Chi game eaascie sees oea ss eee eee 35
Four-spined Stickle-back...............---- 31 | Great Black-backed!\Gull tees e-----ceaaeeer 6
Hour-spotted Flounder... ~~ -c-s---2---e4-— 13) (Greatiuakes; Boits of. os. <sceseeeeeeeee 115
itresh-water Oram ys. eee essere eee eneoe 26) | Grebe, FOTO: =. -s-sesl-- 2-2 eee iT
NTI AT oP oe wos cise betowe tiene we eremoecmeecreeets 343 \|| (Green Rurtle.... 222s icine ne iceeee eee 9
IRTOS tls aes sates aici ce aa see Skee eres 14733) | (Greenland | Sculipine <-.-s- ssa 18
Fry, Apparatus used in feeding -.-.....-.-. 218 ERO DOG acl clee eie ete eee -14
Fuligula ferina, var americana ..........- Bs || Grommets is. c'c- o25- sce ss vee oe eee eee 117
3 vallisnenaocnen sc esc-e seer teens bulnGrouper, Black cesses =e ese seer eee eee 29
Hulmarus elacialisy-os.--sseese sce ceeeeeeee G|) Guano; Menhaden)e-s.cc 42-1 ses eee eee 162
Molmur (gales session ces see nase sees 6 other preparitions.......----------- 162
Hunnel-traps ss: 52 <do--sace weosate ee eee 101 | Guanos, Artificial ..----. 2.2222 2ctecen sacar bageoo
HMurniture ; .22 sss sseteciiesns es ee cents se 127 PreparationiOfa-esc4--eeeeee eee 142.
MIS ee nite cen seasiesec eae ss eeeseseesee meee ss TAT Gus ae seee ee eee te cene see eee eee eee 29
MERE socaoses se scusbRSonocoeseooao 47a | Grull sant oe ae ee eee 6
HUTSON Sess scee desea eae Sees eats 2, 51, 147 Great Black-backed..........--.------ 6
Fykes (set-nets with leaders).............-. 102 ELOrrin Geen eee eee eee ue cpeneee wees 6

il
ml an lis

atta hs Et

COE EO 2
LESTE orercrereria ees ciocia oats a) 0nfa sooo
Meee eee. ee See a6 lecicalek 20)
Per Beers ne ema cee ci lo< 5 Se Ze

SeeTT COM ASEIE fot) on etn oo seen AIP.

ANTES 2 Pe eee el aoe Me oe ete ge ood
embt byl eaWINC NEN 52-5 5-5 nak 2 ~ ee cas ee tes
RiP REO PR IRL ae tiie ce aL she esya see
Se EIEN eerste I ous wm nleda liam is

SRR A Moe eee ceria elaine wim mtsomraims Atos e.einisieia’
SONS AU to ait tata aterm on sna eins
EAEPTIATOUULO Ge aa eat = hata wet aie aici cen
Heematopus palliatus.......--..------.-----
Hemulon arcuatum .---....--- Be reeds ot Woe
SEPM ited pia Sigal ie eos mnn ae cies
TM EEE am mae sone w cc scenece
MCSE ele ae ate oo nin ewes Sia atone

Isinglass from sounds of.-......-...-.
BRST SAMO orotate stwispormrm dines siidieic eo, icin
RUG Re eet enc winnie agp aes
ROTO EERE nc own cen cocn = ce manne
SERRA SENG en tenet ats trie foro 0 Siem occa asi ine =
Halietus leucocephalus
MBEAN eS 8 a et otepmvnin ay =o ys. eS

Haloporphyrus viola
PPIp TOS ee faa) amc cic cece omen syns anne
Hand-gear
Hand iniplements or tools -.-..--....------.
NGM VONOUDUIL TOR. o6 tenn no-one nee ree
Haploidonotus grunniens

PBST G HTN DOPRIOUS tettere es oie oe ae ree oinieee a eennale =
Harpe rufus
Beat HOD eRU TOM a6 to se roe rere isan n a
ET OOM RET OWS ols tr wie a orator astra momen ne
Harpoon-floats of bladder, inflated skin, and

OEMs a mre wie a See ON ce rte ES ekity! bio.
HG POOU-SPCATS =~ <= eo ueetr se nenalbeb suis os
Ea poons. Wskirmos <2 hiijess 2 fos Sucker. .
arrow tangles. soso es. ue SP) es Sika
PARVeSt-USlU.- 9.5 - tas ste cheese eee ss hy.

Hatching-apparatus, accessories to ----.-----
Hatching-boxes, floating. .-..-....----.------
elatehine-HOUBES® = =.="! ek
floating, Models.....-.. --.
Hatching-troughs and boxes, stationary. . --
BPA MUCHOS 82-828 tos cosas ern Siok
Hawk, Fish
Gn ROMER S*§ "228s 25 ssa sqeacn foro ~ tne nina
Hell-bender
Pele SNM OLs = 522555 <5 22-2 -0 = Svaceee eee
IIOP ON hoor S- 222s cobs esc tewes Beles
Hemibranchii
ERO EYE TORIGS. 2 = =a wef es + =» - oteH l=
Hemitripterus americanus
BEARER SHTVOR EN Nise et ee he —haetate a ater arapareeeinin me

INDEX. 247
, Page.
it |; eerring, eillenetss ten ee oe ee eee 96
7 Gree on csicsccceeeees ee ee 6
7 GBs oe amin scare choke = eee. cae 36
6 BRING oe Sets aa aauesaeeeena Rene 97
7 SMISEK G-NOUSOR «cn. = 2a 5s eee seat 140
64 | SDE oc, eee oe eee = 36
64 | Bigrring hogy. «<.222\aee <2 Sot sae eee 3
Ole Heterosompitt, |. 0. cee... ee eee 12
A Bidoiliness sy 0 i eee eect eee 87
BSS Te EOIN OCA Hs hc ne ees bee eee ae 12:
Hippocampus antiquorum.................. 12
= Hippoglossoides platessoides ............--- 13
~ | Hipposlossus vulgaris..-....--.-:--1------ 13:
i Histiophorus americanus..-..............-- 21
< os Choke. 2... 256.5). ce aee sae ae 12
; : Halacanitigs ciliaris 2. -.-.-- >see aes 21
ey Holconotus pulchellus...-.---..:-<--- +... a 21
e | PD OGCOLARUS <<n0-se neces coe oe 21
at |) Holders witness. 2e/-: cence couse ck ROSS 92
ue @locenimnmunntom 22-2 ese ee ae ee 25
a plockphal <7 on Scere. <a. atce sees 40°
Lie lidodad Sheldrake .......<-.:.-.-<-veanee 5
BS (PEG DSB 0xed =: sce Mo ety econ e a taeven aes 126
15 | Hooked instruments..............---------- 57
dea Se ha ac cr kd Ot wi pee Sle 64-66
32 Batted <6 5 = oo njc:cms awsecimeiccaaecine 64, 235
4 AP a titer Se tae he pes 57, 116
AS | OS le ee ee eee 58
152 | Bigs cee oe cae ee 103
AB Cae Nace se ee ed hee ST
ra GTUSPING « os cedane se seeesee peace: 57
Ba, TBs. dveaassass shivgseesceren evens 126
239 JUK cheeses st Sos ccacamecp mes mes 58
131 | TANGO: op apiemy pa eee ace eee 126
26 | TING fe cpr cr riccerck scchot cep eee 58
32 TGUD 3.2 setoaneeas ea abpesensee eee 58
2 MEY =pOINTCO 5 anaes ee eet 58
_ 148 OUALBTO GTS enn ae eee 88
2p PMG gris tsa sao 66
ia Rippers’. ~~ .-5----<-- ~~ ene aae 117
64 | Single-poimted. ~~ 22) om e=meta- seen 57
| S00 C660 s eesee ce een eee 58
89 | Wihalemen! si ssaqees-ce ade teeeeee 58
62 IMoopanet, Dated conse ee naa eee 99
60 GOD DELS. anna ones mess elastomer 98
63/1 iornPOuh. caine see nee ece eee 37
2br-leermomied) Grebe. -n-asoeaaep ois sae 7
25 MhiRigins Wop. =..0..ceecces sens n ere oie 125
eA \sitorsé.Orevallé,..<.2s--s2<-co ede. -m eee 23
PAN | Piorse-fishi> -.- oe cone eee eee eee 12
P1Ss| FTorse-mackereli-. oc. cc eneornees se ee ceeeee 22
PMD! tronses HAtChin fis5-5s-sseas=5: sees eee 214
215 Munting-animals, .-.. <6. -<-=s-ae0--==-—-=maes 102
iad) ron tingemammo ls.) .- es... eee eee eee alee 102
4 | Hunting-skiffs..-...--.--.-----+++2++++++-+- 113
55 Hurled BPGSIS = 2065 annuasgc+se===ss=em=Mene 63
11 | Hydrargyra majalis .....--.---.---+--------- 33
153 Hyodon tergisus...--..-2-------+-00--+---- 35
18 | Hyodontide: .....-.----------0---2-+--s-25--- 35
31 | FLY Peroartia .-ni= spemenceeperer reese 43
18 Hyperprosopon argenteus ... -------------- 21
a | LY PSULUS Caryl... 220- ne -rneeessssnanaces 20
vo
5 Tr.
36 | Ibis, Wood .........------------ seer ee eee 5
35 | Ice-boxes. ...---22. ..c csc cens nn cenans ccence- 139

248 INDEX.

Page Page.
Mce-chiselsmsaqsescesecsemecae asia ee eee eene bo” Knives; Flitching -oscesss 142 s- eases eee 54
ACE-CHOPPELs8-sajse 2 siesiotese a doe ene eee eeee 55 Headin p23 Sa. .2 = eee ee eee 53
MG@e-hOOks ja ee ciao nee sete oe cote ce nee eee 126 Mackerel rimmers’ fitting......... 54 |
Yee-mallets ..--.-- I ereisiate sine seperate eee ne 126 Mackerel-rimmers’ ploughs .....--. 54
Mice-trade(Accessory)) s-ceece sees see 139 Net-makers'.--:ccesaso-2000 eee 54
chthelurus;furcatus. 2-5-2. s9-eeseeeeeee 38 Oy SbOL |< sere cgeie siesta eee ee 54
IMIGStLONS OL AShOs) sess s=eeecee eee eeee 103 Scaling:..-224_...,scecesecie cane 53
Implements Barbedsere-s acre eeeeeree eee 59 Sheath :2\2:-j=:0:s siasicecsieiame seven ee 53

for seizure of objects ........-- 56, 235 | Shivering) .\.2.0c2)sa2=56<cn00/2 eee 53
shellsinsed foresees e==eeeee 153 Splitting ope eeeeeeeneeeee ee wp NE 54
used in obteining and impreg- | Splitting and ripping. -..--.-....... 52
NAN COVUs eee eee eee 214 | Stone .. 5022 2b erece cee eee eee 54
Inclined fish-ways without steps -.---...--. 213 Straight... 22% = .42cthees eee 52
Insects, Protection from.......-2...---- Je ee 8), | Throatin g..<. 3. <5 jes eons eee eee 53
Insiruments: Hooked: 335-22 sseeeseeaaseeee 57 | Whalemen’s boat: -------222-222see= 53
Nautical’ se: sess e reese aeeeter 133)))pKeyaks or bidarkas=-:-s-2-secch oe eee 104
Prodding: sees sce eee see 56 | ;
Scooping oo -22 Sse ee eer aeaa 5H L.
and appliances of rendering | laboratories, Coast: ---------2-------s eee oee 163
whale-Oil eie2 5 hes osee- Paces 56:}| Labracide, _2--:-:4:.22-2---tee=eeseeeeeeee 29
Hmitestines!or sedlss-4-eeeciee ease secre eee 4 mlpua brides accssesce sect eas <= ee eke ee eee = M19
Hniverteoribes ter eatrn seme lcesemisaateae tere 430) \labyrinth-traps sesses=sne eee ee seen te eeee 101
Invertebrates, Other materials from.-....-. 154 | Lachnoleemus faleatus.................----- 20
Investigation, Methods of.......-.--.-.5..: 1634); Muadles, (Bait! .c 225.25 sh:cceceen- st ere ae n cence 57, 103
Trish Moss or Carrageer, Gelatine prepared Ladiy-fish's)..5.-:s22ce sescat cee eee eee yaae 35
1BHO)IN 4 doseonbue soa eCpoaS chooE onebonsecers 156 | Spanish’ 2: 222 2t2s25:22--5-- eee eee 20
Irons, Flagging. .--..---... Sa ete ie ees 125 | Lagenorhynchus leucopleurus.-...........-. 2
Grappling epee sees ese eee eee cree 58 | Lagodon rhomboides ....-..-:--....------.. 27
Mai Wii sae eicers isons hes Aale|ste aiaie alorePmeis G0) | Take Wlies:. .<-¢2ss2242::2<e222i. cee 83
ASIN OSS = eee ee eee eee eee 154 Salamander cece ===2=== eee ee eee 10
from sound of hake -.....----- 154, 238 IWihitin gence es e= ces 82S eee eee ee 34
from Squeteague ....-.=---.22--- 2: 1555) hamna comubicasess2255-2222 eee 41
Tsinglass and Glue Co. of Gloucester... -..--. 155) (| amnids: ...: 2202502525242 chee. eee 41
Tsogomphodon maculipennis. -.....-..-..--- 42))|\ Tance-hooks £-:).-:2.224)oshs2eee eee eee 126
WSOSpondyilie enn ese paseo eeeemelecee cere 33)-| Tances <5) .:22ssczehecces sees ee eee 63
Ttalanvishine-bOats ese. =~ eee ae eee see 112 MISH. 2 secsa2t025264 S852 ae eee 56
TVOLys OHS GNM Seer ease emcee see see 148 Wishing «22525325. c2se2eee eee eee 55
Ofmarwhalles coese.eicessieee eee eee 148 Seal .222:c2cssccsss2c525 sesangenoee 56
Ofpreptilest tycrretesiser = eee ee eases 149 IW hole! = aces sneer eee epee eee 59
and DON: 1 ectwe secs eneeseaeee 148 || ancet-mouth. --:----22=-osss-5>seee mes see 35
J: Lanterns and other apparatus for fire hunt-
ce Cer bone talled rece cmasm ee ceieeeine eee ce 7 ing and fishing 3225 255-442see ee 104
RarANil Csacemecaescen ae sete tetera: 7 and torches for weequashing or
pe CNV HS Herero taintercnraet bs oteita iss ents ete ieieieeisae 29 fire-fishing for eels, herring, &c. 104
ewelrypMish*sCal Over actoes scisceseee ie 151) Large-mouth Black bass. .-.--.<2sss5 -4c="= 28
PLES eee rar is joete ralsiatas sls) aeicie (ioe) ees 69.) Wharidtes!....5%.<deecenees const seen 6
pS O01 Geer ene aie aeetets efeitos een erate 52 | Larus argentatus.........-.-.--...----2.20: 6
ANGUS QUIAS asses aes eens aoa Sesto 103 ‘* canus, var. brachyrhynchus .-:..----. 7
JOHN Paw, has soococs sae esa cenesesie cee sense 29 ‘4 delawarensis-...- 2... 222-2355 sesue gene 6
SUNROOMS ts eee cosa sash estes ee se eens 58 jf) MAaATINUS-<--- soem eiee sees eee 6
ike s “philadelphia! > 22 seces= ose 7
Keo. Water). osce 2 csenesonseceeereeeer none 125 ‘ tridactylus: -o5552 2.2. cece ee eeteeee 7
Welp=lin e8 i135 asthe eeeeche cc eee eee STi uatilidee see nese sete ccee cnt ee eee eee 25
Kine=crab, SHellsofasaos 6 -eeee eee eeeee 1583 | Leaders: sooo cos denies nt a Ya oe, sae 88
Kone fishy SOubhern' e\cisistais sets ltrs jae 26 © sibi= SUM iy UP nee eto ete ata to eee 788
Kinetisher,s Belted ic.seisce ence eee enero 4 and foot-stops\s2-=-=---esasse-aeeee 119
Katty walke (Gulls ejects cesses saeere eas @ || Wacather) Alligator. -.2 23-55. .022-enaeeneeee 154
HATNIV OSES tonics Ase L eis eoae se Geiyeae eee ee 52, 141 | Jacket... ..ss2ssaecs ansuaseessae 24
BOarding sae ceene eee aaa eee eee 52 | Sturgeon: 2 1..-ssssescsssassleeseee 154
BONG is se facile neise sia s Seeteiasanece SeaC 54..| Leatherback Turtles. 525 ss.co. senna ete 10
CEO ease se eis seven see aces tae 53 | Leathers ----. etal daed \actametiog ota ae 154
(NOPPIN Gs asec ese erecta san eee eee 5B, 55 | prepared from tish-skins.-.....-.. 154
@lamiess ste ccssess acs ace eters 54 | prepared from reptile skins. ..-.. 154
NNN Cesc esse ae nesee eee eee eee 034 || PUOL LINES. « < sinescrcie tases oo See ee 131
Hishae ties: te eeies cere ae eee 5Sil leopards Scala essen see see eae 2

a ae

:

’
INDEX. , 229
Page. Page.
epidopsetta imbrosa..............-....-e- 13 M.
(AGU GS G0 er SON Wranrerelen 201 6 1 8 eos te ee oe 90
PEE PICGSUGUS/OSSCUS. 2 <0.< <0. ccncecsacece secs 39 Gutta es be ee ee
platystomus. .................. 39 PUESE-SOMGS. oes eee ee
Leptecheneis neucrateoides ..............-. 30 SCAG) 000 er seep 23
imenciseus pulchellus........-2..c.ccscdeces 37 | Spanish): ees coe cine eens 22
PSUTTON ccc assecuccne vovbecanacnc 126 PV EllOW fore ee eee 23
Siete ES eee Seta oe sa owen ce hoes scccks 60 | Macrochelys lacertina.............--.------ 9
amanda ferruginea—....---..........s.-0. 13 | Macruride..-....- Fo catananeecores feet Cee 14
Line-tloats of wood, cork, and quills... -.-.-. Sue Winerorng UaITOi ne eae ce cee tee eee 14
Line-holders ..-.- Pen ae rn atrcste acters Y 92, 235 | fe TADLICIN Gs cc oces See eee eae 14
OB nea idm nearest sie 2 58 _ PUPESULIS fsas ae eee eee 14
PD NV PLGA «soccer wvcctce via%s 25's 92 Malacoclemmys palustris ................-. 8
Ls Se ee ee a ea Oo Mallets Tice es Sor ck ee eee cee ere eee 126
NTRP ote acctaiwin eccostarstotene ewww ee deca cine’ r 86a | hreanonartirs cae oe cee eee ee 147
HEI ele ta ls are hors wiv =o wien al 85 OLS eee medcce leh nos Sas one see ee 157
YS eo SE choi aim iasinn' ee ehiaiia des ene ST | PETTOMES!. sme eteeecreec cue aes 162
TUSTIN teense ar ttavere Heh Crate = eet as Ope MinMmMaIs) 2 actin. acces Ccetisee eee Mee mmeneene 1
PALL Onis nce! -s|2tesiciewe taidceceaekee 87 DOVE! Ob se oie otis sect ee ae eee ease 149
PRE) Etta fe lacatansinicimivis aterstarctarereia woth oss 87 Por Gini cee ec oocecemeeee 102
MPT SYN op Sia any iclareta mterere wintry woke e aaah 86 VOT Obscene eee ore eee 148
GRC es meetin oroec Saat ee S5N| MMAN Dee see eee eset sees cee oso cewe sane 2
ROR oe oan cw rae Seren eae eet 5, 235°] Mangrove Snapper. ---...--.--......... J tie 2G
SUAS TL TE 66 | Manufacture of Fertilizers................. 142
BERR HNTS So te oo yniaya aici ieinnincein'ace a heexs 66 | Manufactures and arts, Materials employed
RANE ers tei casisrces ote theta aces 85 AN Pee eee ne eee cee ene nee Ames 148
Whalebone ...... Seces pack eebaseetnts 87 | Many-pointed fish-jigs.........--.-....----- 59
URS MESO ese acto dct mrore CSE SRR | hookass 32 soe eo eee 58
TMONSOINMEODIQURS ---.-<ccc- one. cee celecs 2h | Maps, photographs, and charts offish-ponds. 218
es MANGOUUUS. ocsccosesccesscseet ose 26 | Maps showing geographical distribution. --- 50
_Liparidida SERS ee ne oeciseecnec ens aehee toed Tiel |p WEANING sLATUOS cece ee cme cae secre ene ee ane 49
AV ATISMINCALD, «<2 ss3<2 coco ces scectss scsi neee ver Marline spikes. cos \sccee ost eee ccs eeeeeeee 126
INI POOS ks oscssu.cecpce seers 17 | Marsipobranchiates .................---.--- 3
MIBONNGMS ) tars ab os ocscstseecbesesoescltlt. BSc) ENEGR IE One es Semen ce ate rial Nan anil 118
List of eggs of American fishes..........-- 919° | Materiais; Boat-builders’ 2... .:.2---esees LD
Literature of fish-culture..........-i....-.- 221 employed in the arts and manu-
of angling, fisheries, &e......... 136 | TLC UIETOS fe we ian ee ee 148
brio eeNNN Ys eos ses aseSant hss he seg ele 22 lest DIG pee eens eee eee eee 154
MOVOLCHAULINIAIENSIS:. ..<.c22-<2sctcee cc lek 30 Ward 825). Uisss besos eeee eee 145
SSHMNUE Re eee oS Ss seraece cutee $0)" | “MattowkCGe =o. - vesnwcce naa cew cbc cs ccee Paes 36
Lobster-canning factory. --...--.-........-. ib fafa Petri gests es ted Cu i Ae ns Some ee 127
MARCEL scores ca sehiat coos fs Saeee sos ccs TO Te ley site ee See soccer pate et ee 3
Log-books, Fishermen'’s.........-.. --.--.. 135 | Means of pursuit and capture...---.-..---- 52, 235
WOoDOOKE, Wecords, &C .....-.2-..c06 scence 135 | Measurement, Appliances for.--.-.--------- 163
PMOCCERHGAG CMTUCY 22 32s cccde ken coee neces | hesitant oe otate tee ate alae te aerate 140
OTE RNNE BONGO +. S..12 f20-- 222 - aaa ee cee 22 Preservawion Ofvas-. nso sse eee 139
TA Gort ie o sae eee oder ees yy] Medical Oiiititie cee en ena aac e eee 133
POPE NEGG asa co ae isc ato eee ecie G) |e Medicine-chests. coe- ents smascaan tice catia emnlee
TOT LAUOC WO LOU.- =. sees aces cee eesenee 7 | Megalops thrissoides..........---...--.---- 35
HED HEM Aa oon a vielas loo vionw saeco sie 7 | Melanogrammus eglefinus....-.-.-----.--- 15
MASUR asters ratte I ee Pow ccc wees a mana 11 | Melletes papilio.............-------.-.---=- 1s
MOpMinsepiscatLOrius- 2. .--=- sc. s,s ee eos Tiel wlenhad eres. soe eer aee nea a mance meeeeenen 36
PEO ONODIMCII. copie. =.52 2550-52 sc choses 12 | SUANO came aren sass ee ecns aes 162
Lopholatilus chameleonticeps...........--- 25 Che eee e eee eee 36
ophopsertumaculata................22-2-- 13 GLE OS ccaeen gare ree cerasaeeeeoaan 161
POUT OINE a jo nme we ox oss 23 ca ances s olmnie 15 PUTHC-SCINES: .o.cee neces == a-- == 99
HOON scrip crckew beac) ce ssc S ws bes : 17 | Menopoma allegheniense......-.------..::. 11
AMANUS PlACKOrdil. -.-<..-.....--s--2.. 2. 27) ov GTO TION Be oo oe eee inte ete ele ee 11
NGHUPWICEMMONSIS: <.- 2 ods een eco ce nanos 1 | Menticirrus alburnus.-..........5---<0-<---+ 26
ROPER ME et he ee oe Lt prey “ MIO DWOR Sis tee cas co eet cote 26
Loi ins oF Ga oe re rit 16 | Merpus cucullatus. ...........------------- 5
PERUSE oe wasn nck +s ace mas esses 15 | ts MOIPANACL waco ewe sens eweans Saeeee 5
MUM = Sion sais Suns sacs welch ecee 16 | ‘Ci Vaarrntole ase Caen ate reer 5
BEMRMBDUL bers cc ce suuescascsus += scree 16. | Merluciid@. <2. -----..-. erence nem 15
BEC Nn = enue UetKSs sas 5 Ba 15 | Merlucius bilinearis.........-..--- SreE Ane 15

250 INDEX.
; Page. Page.
IY ESS RES NG) Ses oo ce nea seossooncsacacsose 95: | Naucrates'ductor:-o2.secese es cee ee 23
Mesogonistius chetodon ................... 28 | Nauticalinstruments, &¢......-.......----- 133
Methods and appliances of pursuit......--. 104) Necturus lateralis *22s22s--45-ee5 esses 10
ofspreparation |. {9252 --= sseeecece 139 -|| Needles, Nethitig 22. -cocteses es eee 100
of transportation..-s-—--esseeeee = 104 | ‘ESKIMO '.'2 soos -cse eee eee 100
Metrogaster aggregatus........---......-.-- 20\ | Nematognathi- *ss 2522.22.22 - see eee eee 37
Moy Gulla. 20 ee 7 | Nemichthyid@ :.22.22225-:---/-22. ee 33
Microgadus proxamus +2-2s.-sser secre sees 14 | Nemichthys scolopaceus.............-...-.: 38
ae COM COdUS! 22-5. eee eee 14° | “Net, hoop, baited’ 22322. 22 222-—. 22 se seeseaee 99
Micropogon undulatus -... - Ieee oreo eeeee 261.) INCbbING Seana ee eee eee eee eee eee 100
Micropterus) pallidus:2--222)s-e-eepeseseces 28 | GI. oo fo aseet oe eee eee ree 95.
salmoides)22.. 5255-22 sseepeose ee 28 | needles). ssn. ssces-2-2- eee See 100
Mi crostomidD a=: 2 ao4-sa- nae ne eee eee BB) |) GIS secaanen- scecenocbebsesoscsosopsesone- 95
Miller’s Thumb, American ...............-. 18 Cast: - 22. S522 ssseet ceseeneeee eee 100
Mls; WBaibiaho3 2 eee ee cern eee ee 103, 141 | Dips.) 252. £cse2 eae lseeee ee eee eee 98
Salts occ see eat ee eee eee ee 140 | Drift: 2. .s22 2208 Sosee see eee eee 95.
MAC sc aclan acd comet ee ee eC EE ee 1,147 | encircling = <22s.c-s- =e eee eee 7
MAISSIIES eas [at aclseeh- he see ae eee ee oe 63 | Hutangling == ---=2.---2= 2-2-2525 eee 95
Centrifugal ase a-- cee n cee eae 63 | Folding or jerking==- 22> --+----5--=-=5 99
SPYING S2 aeccececsacssenees sess se 64 for, beds: and -face)2-- see ---- eae eee 132
MUR OLS Io on .5 3b oe ee ooo ye aCe etc sceeee 142 | pill “Other 2s. 32 2 eee as. cee eels 7
IMOCCISINS > sacar e-Ce see ooemac eons ace 131 CUM Shad? sci eee ee eee eee 95
Model of fish-guano works ..............-.- 142 Gill Herring 23sec ts Seen os eee 96
Models and maps of fishing-grounds.-....-.-. 50 MOO prs eo soe ete eee cen ee eee 98
of hatching-houses, floating .--..--. 217 | Handing ss. 2. Sate soos oe 98
Ohclanityine-vats' 2.60 eeeceeeeens 142 | Meshing: S855 20 soso coca ease ee 95.
OfsbryeWOLKS iss cse ce soactee -eaeeaae 142 | Pocket). s555 2540555 ssseeiseaanssssseee 97
WW hymn hy oe soso céesdaarssnssale pee 11 | Purse =< 2252s see dees aoe ee 99, 100
IMolidssi', aacecce ees ae oe eto daiccte cece iets] Seb..c.s22isbacced 22s ttete 5-46 sce 102
MVOlUSK-Oll Stee Sen oe ae ee eet eee eee 162 | Trailing: :5 30225222. i ssoans eee eee 99
MolUSKS sc coteoss nz se esesaasisaetececeee See 43 | Trammell 22; :<2522 52 220 2-seesee eee 97
Monk fishy as dene. = ocsaccekoore aoe nee 41 | TROWin ge easse- oot ee ana = ae eee 99
Moone yeresaone et sa sees sent ee nae ane 35 towing, Surface :...2:22.. <2: sse=eesee2 99
IMOON-fiSii se eoe nsec Ronan ree ee eee ete 25030h je NCG-SINKeLS | =e eee = keane ee este eee eee 89
IMOLMOnIeILLO Abus oss] seeeee eee e ae eee 6? |) Nomeide*. 22 5. --ccc cst cce sets beecee eee 25
IMOLONe UN ELICAN Base ae eee seen seen eee eee 30° | INomens-gronovil: ...-... 2:25 726aeessee = 25
Miosssakes! 2. <as: seis Sreimictnete ele eee eae ie _ 58 | Northern-Barracuda..-...-.-.. - 2222 5sceee 31
Moving floatifish-ways---20--2-- > se5 seas 218 | Norway Haddock ..... 22. 28s. oe 18
Mnid'eiel ss sate ee oe ee a2 sean: Sone e coer 11 Notemigonus chrysoleucus.......-.---.---- 37
Turtles 5: secs s-c ce seas eees sete eeeee 9. | Nurse Stark ~..2<2.-.<-2etecoeen. eee 42
Mimnrd-fis hie cesses ee Syl cece ccna tees cen eee 38 |
Mupil albulay soso cseecere ne sae eee ee 31 | 0.
UNG SULT cays nae eee eee cae een meg |e ORES cee anole alm cio ore ae ne a 124
AVM G Gye ee eee 31 | ‘Oceanic/Bonito..-..---.-2--- 22-2 snanasaan 22
Multiplying reels. .-.............. ease ere: 91 | Ocyurus chrysurus.....--..-...--+.2--Jses- 7
Murzenoides)gunellus)2...-..222-0scene oases 16 | ‘Odontaspidide --.--..-...-...--..--.-sitze: 41
IMuridsehs so ces o ces rahe roo) see 3 |) Office, Hydrographic: ------2-=222---- scenes 232
Musik) Rat: son ote cter eerie ieee 5 Nautical Almanac. ......---..-.222:: 233
Muskalonge:ciitesccsecoc cee cet poe ee sou Allioator:. 222-6. iene tec eee eee 160
Mus qURshs ce Seceerere sae ee ne ee 147 BIS@K-fishis 2.2. ccc= sce tease ete eee eee 159
Mussels River 52222-22022 scene 152 | Codbliveric 2525-52233 sacss255 320 see eee Oe
Mustela pennatis=t:52sc-as2ce-22 ssce nee | from body of whales, grampuses, and
Mustelidie, 22 22222222222 cerc2s eee eee | POrpoises: 2. - 2.202... . hoes ee 158
Musteling).5<220.tece ets tee esse ee eee 1 | Grampusis:2e: ats. -fantce secs celseeeee 158, 159
Mustelus: Canis: 2225-22 eests sees. cee 42 | Menhadeniesten- nan ace 2 ane eee 161
Mivliobatides ct sees sehaees Sale: oe ee 40 | of other ‘fishes. 2-2). -.=-2 4222 eee 161
Miyliobatis califormicus! sssscss2 sees. eeeeee 40 OF: SUI sossseccness a Re Lee 162
SS fremenyalleieers esses eee 40 | Qulichank 2240 S2n sean eee eee 161
Myxostoma macrolepidotum............---- 37 | ROLPOISG 3-2 ote ers eee Seeeeons 158
| POrpoisejawan6 02s. bates ee toeeeeee 159
N. | Preparations ins J. 3ss-ces ess eae ee 145, 237
NacreandtPearlstccassesces ascot oe eee 151 | Sea-elephant .. .2222.2sseesss-4-c5es selon
Naked'Stargazers=_o5---2- =e sees eee eee Mf Seal. 0.0255 ssse2e50522s5essense aes 157
Narwhall voryiotscccce sectors -eeee eee eeee 148 Sperm 22255555552 shies asssese=eeeeeeee 159
NaturalSbaits)cacecer-saceae scene eres 102 | Sunfish -:s. 2: sse<2 fee5eene ee se eee 160

ities she eel

ele a,

|
|

Whales. scc-5- 42: SSA ee ae eet
PO MHIAGINES eter cc uw none mcaencceteee ee
EH ROC N Eek acim aaron eae ea os
BBA CRU Treiiace cisears em crae ones cikeneee

Fish, Soaps made from... 52. os eee
WVERIMIIMGUS Cae <= ee cce ccs eeee cee SRS ei
MIGUS os so asa aces sees sncteg eee c eck
TEE emcee eek Puke = << obs ccs ee ote
DML EE cect cic ences icc sc. + ah exes
Oligoplitces occidentalis......-........ ...-.
REN SHA eel C ocak eatew Gate esis meee c's sic
MON en erictga = oo anes soe ede ces ses
Orange File-fish ....*-.....--. Ble
Pmemnusmlalon ar. .05-00-2 2. Ssssces Lee

ne SUMO AMIS ie chocolate kal aera ni? woe 5s
oe

“

Osmerus mordax Sins ent eee oe
0) STP) se Se a a
SUMNER ee re nc te ae eos eR
Msiocium: quadriGome:: 22 25522222-.8s.5 62.
SIMONE ecc oes lsc elas festtoss cs se

ENN Cenc Ncncmaan eae eee sees
UEDTECU Gy). 5 = epee aie aie Sa ee Pe
Other materials from invertebrates. --....--.
DAE eo nt orice a me peo awe es wes

IODUGTS )o20-=sss2h0= <2 PEPER Ra ee are Lge
SRR ERCSE LATIMES oo soo core ce Sistas SR
S MAKGA Sasso s ssa esses es
my PGRN erate aetna te erny = aot a ote on
STING IYO IURT sc were D lcemae UOT ettoreg
SBME RODS aoa e ts Sac tate See eee
MIBMIGM = set acte esse sac sess oY
Oyster-canning factory -.--...---.--...s0.--
MINNIE CANOE cnt cata. Gee cae a Sheek
ON UGE a be SesiGttt
DEV HH ee see eee e eae ae eee a
IDYRUBI-SHOVEIS asc 22ecccols Seeere sees
PRR MES ocean eee oe eee eee
Oysters, East Yamerican: .-.-222-2/025-25+ 2:
NC VOLOL Gane oe ee ene oe
Enemies and parasites -........--.
Eixtra limnital is. Ueete teres
Growth 2c aecests sess mcpcescems

Pearls oAwe so sace waco eae =

Pecularities of form and growth..
Series illustrating culture and indi-
vidual variations......--..

Series illustrating geographical ais’
PEMOUUOM) nso 5-2-=5 sone eale seme
RPS IR OR t es sro tern tee es

Pine GeEGONn LUTHO sss. sscccn25225222452%
ELD ENO 2~ aio ne Skee tes
IPRA ose ees ce cet Boece

MaGRInG MSN | OANS 100 3.2 .5.2502225-565-5-4

MECH NTS e ris eat ctw sac Mon cwcsesea cs:

pee ees s os). > aarde sso tscceu ea

PREETI LET LOUB Grote iaecrsiwe rea wie eae aenlen me =

maintings, Ou. -- 52.2. ....+5.6 sceee abe ae ee

IND.X. 251
Page. Page.
158 Paints and fiuids, Preservative ............ 127
142 | Palinurickthys perciformis.... ............ 25
130) | FPolompttg.o 55.25. #essee 3 aaee aoe ae 21
157") “Pandion palimits:<-- v22ceces eet a cosese wees 4
143''|" Parasitic Sieeer -...- cde en tees aee se eee 7
160" ‘Phrephippus quadratus <<: f2:<it.-2222- Le 3
761° | Phitotishs. 2 See tse eee ee 19
157“ Parts of splechno- skeleton of fera, used as
162 DharMms = 5.2 S.Ct eee ee ee 149
T6O)}Passeres *s 2: 62> Le eee en ee 4
12) Patent Office, iss ees kee ake eee 223
OAS) *RGarle hott auc. t Ae Cees et oe eRe ene eee 151
14 OVSUETSSS< “28 Shes Shee etree eee eee 152
1). |) (Pearis'and nacres.-. see ae eee eee 151
1 Pediouiaty ss tee AUCeete eet Ree 11
#9) | GPekanorWisher.~ teen eee 147
22°) “Pelican: (Brownlee eee eee 5
33°") Wilittertas eons Sao ee 6
29) || UPeliconiteeo.c a4 s.tarse asd isa isae eee >
59? | Relicanns fuscue'sss222 20 2 eee eee 5
4 | trachyrhynehus: 222.25 .22.0/2% 6
en eeNEbraps”. <2 Ave Pfosasszicosnosseees Mies 101
12) | Peorilus alepidotus =~. crs.020%.a0soseeeaene 25
40) | Percathavantilis = +<7eee>-csadecbeh ooeee ee 28
ats IRBRCESO CES). — = reek be ioa swab tos ee 3l
DiPoerch tle. secerhccswerecwedoenwoadosedsvee 20
154 HRGW). 25 sets t eee ke a eee 18
147 Simiped:=-n-ccnccevixdse die eae 20
1 NWDIGG eon rete mech tumhickicn ce See 30
1, 147 (VSO Wi nckeacintdnnt Kc centeee cae eer 2
TOD! | Mer cides . <tr ners iii emacs aS OEE 28
N62 | (OP er fim 6s - pn ncn kokce oe eeeeee 162
59 Mam mall. xcscei ttt eae 162
59) | Personal equipments ....220-002 c+ cccancs 129
4 | Petromyzon americanus ......22.26 cos«cbne 43
TORO PeOtMOM ZONE oo 3 ae ate saeco nlnsiga aan aete 43
193) \|| haneredon fuscabusisaece-ecae koe eee 20
140? "Boca TIGhARASI ces ce ee coeeete a Oe z
113 De wIGOlinges to -sssouses'3s2 oboe es 2
4} Phocera: brachyCion: 2.<s22..s0<sscele05-60 3
Gr | SBHOCIIB: =. 22 Ss see cdrsckadnrobdes eee 2
56).|\ PROCIN Ucee en teec eweten cen eeeeeeeee ee 2
62)'|}) Photographs «=-22-:22<5...c2. dif GR 163, 210
45 °\UPhycis-chesterh <=: 4csccecr cacncexcceste * 15
45 PY -QGHUSS: 22 ee cere cease kee ee oneal 15
45 | {ls SROPMISs oss 500s srk ine cheesmecene tues 15.
49 PS PROMOS scree eee wewt ike Cente ee 15
44 | Physical research, Apparatus for .......... 163
152\| “EiCarisd.> ls. ce tee en ere kee ME eee 4
45° | Picke@reles =. cenetun ce eh eee 32
BLOOK> eece. west onseenseearesee ee ae 32
44 | Pickle or brine-salted preparations -.....- 144, 237
| Pickling, Preservation by.................. 140
43-| Piomy Seulpin: «22222525 - Se eee 18
40") “Pike! Ms S34 20 nc2 seu eA 32
| “" Pike ecco sc5 5 ae PRR aR 37
Pilke-perch; Canada. 22: js2.2ce005 224088 == 29
9 Wellow = Sis oe7. Ch Pa 28
0" |: Pikes: Blabber‘: 4:3 530022 (25-2) eR eee... 58
3! | Pilo-scrapersis se 222 esc syees see t2 ee oe sees by:
144) eermelepteridastesen set eace ss aaneeeaneee 26.
89 | Pimelepteris boscil 22225 oo Ae Aer. 26
124 | Pin, TOprleses? vac cto sh eee ae eee 125
8 (EPH idies dase sete week Lowes eben Ieee 12
142 Pinnipedia:c2= 22222 .2).cteee SIEUUS BSE 3

252 INDEX.
Page. Page.
Pins, Belaying wee ee eee ee eee ee eee eee eee j17 iPriacanthidse:.acnc<ccss2 202 eee 30
Pipe-fish ...-.-.--..----2+2-s22s02-2-22-22- 12 | Prionotus carolinus .....--......-.--------- 17
TAIN OOKS aes oem nee aeons te 66 ae CVOlANS .---> cece nes see eee eee 17
IBIATCAMINGS semen om eee ees emine eeeaee 851 Pristida.<< 222. ee ee = 41
Plants, Chemical products and agents de- Pristipomatids.-t =. 452.022 -2-be ee ee 27
mived HOM <2: meme 162 | Pristis antiquOrUul |. -s----see02 a2 6=s sen 41
Marine ..-..-.-----.------++--.---- 49 | Private associations.................------- 233
Tab G Spal tee eee ee ee - 51 ‘Probes, Snow, #52. -sts-+ 22-522 2250 eee 56
Platichthys stellatus..-..--...--.------.--- 14 | Probing-awls.-.......- Sr eee eae 56
Platysomatichthys hippoglossoides ....-..-- J4¥ i Procellariida.2 22220 ce ee eee eee 6
Plectognathi ......-..-------------+-+------- lil '“=procyomlotor ca: eese ee eeece eee ere ee 1
Pleuronectid@. .......---------+-+---------- 13 | prodding instruments .......--..-....------ 56
NE Ob ee a ee eae iat 6 PTOOS (ti: bos cbo se ote est eee a ee ee 55
Plotus anhinga..-...----------------------- 6 | Promicrops guasa ..........-22.-----+------ 29
Pocket-nets .----.-.-----------2------------ 97 Propagation s:23322.s0s¢522 .c4c-csee eee 214, 239
Pocket-traps ---------------.--------------- 101") Prosopium couesil...----.--222222e22255se 34
Podiceps cornutus..-...----..-.-.-- nenecnae 7 a quadrilaterale>------s---esseeee 3
Pogonias chromis. -.-...-----.-----------..-- 26 | Protection and culture......-.....---------- 163
IPOle Bound OTe ae eiee serene nla a eee 13 from diisSeCtS22 ee. ee eee eee 132
Poles and pushing sticks .......-..--...-..- 1244) Sp Obeid sce acne. cee ee ee 10
Pollachius carbonarius ....------.---------- 14 | Psettichthys melanostictus.............---- 14
Pollock. ...-------+ +--+ +++ ++222ee- 22 eee eee 14 | Pseudemys elegams..-....-..22.--------2+-- 8
ol yodom folinmeass-eciss- esses es saeeaean es 39 “ mobiliensiS.-.occecc. ge 8
Polyodon tides aces ein <= = ciara ojaiw rn laste ae 39 “ FUTOSA Leese eens eee 8
Pomacanthus arcuatus .....-... alate altel 21 | Pseudopleuronectes americanus....-..----- 13
PPOMACENMIADs sss ees o ewe ee eles ese) ieee 20 | Pseudopriacanthus altus .......-..-.------- 30
PPOMALOMIAR 28 ssa sae eee sale atte 30 | Pseudorhombus dentatus...........--.----. 13
Pomatomus) saltatrix -- =. 2.5.22 ss.252ssc<02 30 ze oblongus:s2s-2e=-2 se eee ee 13
Pomolobus\estivalis 2-2 -< ooo e eee tone 36 cS quadrocellatus........----- 3
sé MECGIOCTISic Seems eee ee eectees 36 | Pseudosecarus BPaca.cssecccserckicleeeeste wees 19
ee OTT S tee eee ee ee aeons 36 6 quadrispinosus-. --=-2-— =~-=e 19
Pomoxys nigromaculatus.-c.- sece-see-- =e es 28: | “Pteroplatea maclura-4.-.-------5 assem 40
MOMPANOP a2 sss — seman Seen oo ae eee 26 | Ptychocheilus grandis......---.-..--------- 37
PATTI CAN iis cle cwisa irae eer mieee ee 26 | Publications of U. S. Fish Commission. .... 164
Banner 7.22 oce.eceeiee seas ecee eee ae 22) SPuftin. crested .<- -- -2= .22-0ee242--e eee 6
BOT LV rene aeene ace ecae eeeaee mere see eta 24 ||) Puftinus tuliginosus)|->- 2222-22: ees eeeeeeee 6
Spanish si <oe.s\oierscpeetcioioties a Sosa 19 ot MAjOL . <i scecaha-wssacice soeee eee 6
Bonchthys NObtabus: ~ tees 16 | Pump-bolt or toggle-pin --....-----2s2--5-<: 125
se oronotus triacanthus.-----e--e eee eee 25 | Pump-box and haft for seine-boat .--....--- 125
IE OLPOISCS Olle ee aicee em Jo, ce ce ae oa Tae eee 159) | Pursenetsssee ace. ok cee cee eee 99, 100
SE OLDOISe=) RW gOU rere tee eee = eee ee ee eee 159 | Purse-seines, Mackerel ..........-...-..---- 99
Portable boats ss = - 2 -s.)senecceesseeeenee 105 ‘Menhaden... 5: - 52. .-5-2 53 99
Pots, Eel, without leaders.................- 102 | Pursuit, its methods and appliances .......104, 235
Bish Ps ccc. Sash eseesc tones saree -- 101 | Pushing sticks and poles....-....%-..-..-- 124
WODStET sasiecocee toe -cte cat esee sees 101">) Patorins vison 4-2]. - 20-2 eee eee i
SY ew eee nos aoe eee = 142 || Pygopodes.... <a-5-ccs-etsceweueecea-eeeeeeee 7
POUNCS\OLWCILS Soseee eee encore ene aeseatee 101 | Pygosteus occidentalis ...............------ 31
Pout: Wel aaa cee: sees Scere ae eceene ener 15
Preparation of baits... ses see resent ese ee = 141 R.
Of food. 2. is one- 2 seeeee nese oes 139
Of Guano =e hee ee ee eee 149) | Rab bit-tishy. oe cere sc eae See eee a eee eee ple
of oils and gelatines.--...-..--. 142 | Raccoon -..----.---++----/+++++ esses eee sees 1
Methodsiofvassate: pss --- 139 | Raia erinacea....-.----------+-----+-++-++-- 41
Preparations, Cooked, in cans .........--. 1450037 ae oe oranulatay. --naceem. 2-8 ee eee 41
Dry-salted! — 20.2322 ssscsse-¢ 143, 236 Ws IbSyasocsccctaubes Sosccessccdeseskonc- 41
Food, accessories to......-.-- 238 | EP OCellatance a oeoccccitic~s once acne eee 41
In OU 5 Sesser ee 14S O87 Rai see seer eiees esses. 5-= cee eee eee 40
in spices and vinegar ....-.. Ha lied bet ANT GO =e ieee tanya e alte ayelatetetee ole otal 41
Pickle or brine-salted --..... oe | evel O Nye S Meee te eae etal aia Saher 19
Smokedseere--eeee eee ee eeaee IAS 2508 | etonike-ONCO 00 sees cea = ae ea eee 99
Prepared food for adult fish.............-.. 218 | Raikes! Clam).=% i. cenes veasccanecreeats whe tafe 58
Preservation by canning and pickling..---- 140 | IM OSS see oe eee 58
DygGryain oy 22) saa ee 139 | QOulachan rere a ieee 59
Of 1000 seo aye ee re mca 1393} URana catesbiana-.--c- ose eee ee eee eee 10
of freshmeatses---eaeeeces eee 139 SPNRE Nid so 2 e- =< anon nc ete cee Me ee eee ee 10
Preservative fluids and paints............-- 1373 tRiptores).2.255.s5-0e esac seere see eee 4

Raw materials for making artificial flies. - . j
AV AMS ULOLILY =o a's ~ cas seen ce cess cinecenad-
Cow-nosed

eee ee ee ee tee ee eee ee ee cee e

Snapper
Red-bellied Terrapin
Snapper

Red-head Duck

Simple
Refrigerators
Remora
Reniceps teburo
Reptile-oils
Reptile-skins, Leather prepared from
Reptiles

eee ee ee ee

IMIG Oleg atjs Canis eile i Sacin sides erace.s
Research, physical, Apparatus for
protection, and culture

Rest for harpoon
Results of work
Rhinobatide
Rhinobatis productus
Rhinoptera quadriloba........-...-- sceseeoed
Rhombochirus osteochir
Rhomboganoidei
Rhomboplites aurorubens ---...--.-. pans eeere
Rhynchops nigra
Rigger’s hooks
Ring-bill Gull
River mussels
Roccus chrysops .- ....--.-----sesn See eee
‘“« lineatus

IROBYs=cncm= eee ees ete
Rods
Rollers, Trawl-line
Rosy Rock-fish
Rough Flounder. --..-. aQedehedds nec dcaceee
Round Pompano

oddertish, Banded. ..-~-c<0<00stasclecoece
Rudder-fixtures
Ruddy Duck
Rusty Flounder

Sailfish . 2... 2-22 eos c nec emanaccecsvecccces
Sailor’s choice
Salamander, Lake
Salmo Kennerlyi.-.-...--..-.....-- Sadetcewcee

© quinnat
salar
salar subsp. Sebago

eee

“

cay

INDEX.
Page. |
Bi} Salmon: /..cucccdsedoakoet euekuoOReReeeee
103 Quinnat or Sacramento ..........-..
40 REM eosiacsceceeseeseded cee a te ae
40 | NSNSLO. Wo asecas aeda na eeeeeaeee ee
40 | AIGH. <A eae Ce eee eee
40 | TOhIGs 5 n.te sate eee see eee
135 | palmonidse. 57st ite beedoue ce owe see ee
26 |

~
bo

bo
ow
©

21
27
10

34
34

| Salted, brine, or pickle preparations

| Salting establishments

Salt (accessory)

Preparanions, dry 2-..2..sseee be nens
Saltsndlls. vx ccc eeeelodeenale cee eee
Salvelinus fontinalis

a“

parda pelamys-=---esceseseees wee conse ceeee
Sargus holbrookii
Saw-fish

Bigveyed tsi... J.s2. 2. .cises ae eee
Mackerel .2.522s2 2:5. eR eee
Seal6s: o-3:4.2308 eccees sient eese SENS

of fishes

| Scaphyrhynchops platyrhynchus..-......-...

Scaride

Schooner-rigged fishing-vessels
Scisnidea. 2: 22.2 2) h22252 seca ece deeeacens
Sciznops ocellatus
Scomber scombrus
SCOMPOTOSHCINN).~- = asiqceteacescele comers tee
Scomberesox scutellatus
Scom brids:.2sa522.28 shesceocesccwcowesaeees
Scoop, Dory
Scooping-instruments ..........-.......---.
Scoopsis hs iahanceacces Ske setoe eee eee
Scorpenide
SOLapSIs, etki sess. ane ceceme eee eee eae

Pile

ee erry

Scup
Scuppaug
Scymnidee
Sea Bass

Se eee eee ee ee eee ee eee eee ee
eee et weer eee eee eee were seeeee
ae ee wee eee eee ene eeeeeene
ee ee eee wre eee wen etn emennae

Sea-elephant oil...........-----.------ amas
Sea-horse
Sea-lion, Intestines of. ------- sepebeeth eaten’
Seal, Common
For .-
Farbor 205-02 <2 odd veleRta dts USEC oke
Leopard

we wee meee cmos cece cess eseesessssssss

125

113

1, 147
18

17

17
157
12
238

2, 147

254 INDEX.
Page Page

SS Cael ANIC OS pete ey olajalaleraeie sla) atelale ate aerate te 56 | Silver-fish ........0. bau ck teen hae 23, 26
BO a OU eee ole eee eileen eee etre 157 7|' Silver Garifisht tes tsciaeasce cows oenee cones 31
Seals, intestines of seals, breeding-grounds. 51 Halse i... cess askasstceeeseeeeee eee 15
Sebastes marinus. co. seeepee ose anton ees 18."|: Silver-sides:../-----tzaweeacesiee seers eens 31
Sebastodes paucispimis .....-.-.-.---..ceeae 19." Simenchel yids .-.2-:224--etepete-s2-soeeereee 38
Sebastomus auriculatus ...................- 18 | Simenchelys parasiticus..............-..--- 38
“p Clete) Goocon. coast onacossoes 19,\|i Simplecreels .-.. 24.-sc.-..025 sae 91
a FAS CLOLUS rim ea cmnlelelelpeeieme == 18 | Single-pointed hooks ...........:....-..---- 57
es TLELAN ODS =jes<ptcke/ sls mre alee sere ays 19\0), Sinkers...2-i22.5seereccreaaeeebieees Cees 88
oe TOSACCUS soca ee eee eae 18 N@t..-c:222:cuosnmwadecce ose anon 89
DOINE-DOMb == n1-'s lela ale So! a nee)sianisieeieeeie seer 106.) .Sirenia . 2... :..cteppseeecmaeee pee eee ees 2
DOMES eee scene als oases cece tees see eee ee 97 | Skate; \Clear-noseds---se--e-ssee eee seneEeeee 41
Baird's) collecting. <cepsessee- ashe as 97 Long-nosed « .2.65).206s+coseomceesteme 41
Baits. Sasde ss.cde ace sete eos eee 97 | Sharp-nosed ..s2c..-is: s-mececeee teeeee 41
Codis.253.bsssegie cee aeeereace eee e 97 Spotted ~~. ...c-n..cnsccesiiosneriooeeee 41
IMCITING. 2 cicdceeeasstee seem eee ae 974) ESketches, :Colotzss--c2.ss-seeereee eee nee 43, 51
Otherinssseanct seen tee eee eee 981 oS kits; seam tin = oe cee ayn nee eee 113
Purse, Moeckerele sents spacer sates. 90s OSkimmer Black 22sccsess een see ase ae eee i
Menhaden i224. daaserijs-nstece 99 |. Skin and) membrane 222 ene ae iseeeeia eee 238
Seizure of object, Implements for ...-...--- 23) | |hokin-boats OG .COracles|s.-4-5--—--eeereeeeee 106
Selachostomi 2... 5-22.4teO-eseedeneeeo cee s 39 i-Skins of Wels). osc seaei-j-ace ae eeeeee 154
NGLENESRULP eNbed ees eee eseaeceseee esac 23.5| (SKIP POL se ae ceiee ae cee ce ee ce eee REE eee eee 32
Served Nt-MAj OLE. = sweeeee Ease. ee eee 20 1 PSlides*Mishs2.... ses eae a7 cee eee een
JS8eriol wlalandie ee eee eae ae eee eee 24 SHAG. sg-sen eanaanes Flos So aos aoe 101
St) SZOUTLA? Sosecn gsc elas + Sees 24 | Small-mouthed Black Bass ........----...-- 28
DOLLAMIO Dsus c een eee ee base eee s 29 | Small-spottedeDolphin= =. 5-----e--e-se. sees 24
Sebimotss sce asasnagsmercterdeacitt + eke se 192 WsSmelt 225.25... eeeee nen Sec eee cae eee 33
tackles seesee een = Re REE eee Enioee 66) | Smoked!) preparations: <---- 22-2 --eaeeeene 1438, 236
CLAPS, « = sevesss = eds bsaeeee gett Gees 66 | Smoke-drying apparatus ....---.-.-----.... 140
liane seis 1: te last ab wtaraniorrlaete isp) jsikie/=iaipbe ani 36”, Smoke-houses, Herring...---24--.45 seeaaeene 140
IMU = 2S: c ee tee acne segs Bee i= Seftei2e 36: "Snake; Watery. .a5.- ais 456:)--eeeceeenene 10
Sea... 26. ceeded fees censors sien BO SNK DIT! fo- - ane mnpes =a ree eee 6
Winter’. - occedscsee-cenye acces Seeeiee S6quSnipper, Alligator. scene ceser= eee eee 9
Shad slides ev cs 6 gic. eebecqesssdetnss this que ce = 191 Redo. ehe0 020s Soe ageee eee eee eee 27
Shadtackle:<tatt te s.< oxephrcae sep qee ine see se 64 Red-bellied’... .52.--ssen ose eerees 29
SAG swihlten = See ai.) meme enact aatecie 34 Star... Je)tuscegdeceess seer eeene 29
NAO ae olsen ee coec seme ces eet eect e a Gio snapping: Rortoise: - =.= ses ee eee 9
shark) Hammershea dec cenrieccin--ee- sein <= ADM SnOOUSseceeee sae Nee me neces Weis epic eines 88
Mackerel io ecmeecoonneeeneeia odes ear 41 Cateoub 253 ache ees anecesneaseecae 88
Sande sasee pcse cect tsenereaee as ater 41 PAK oo :5, -\-si= stein aie = secieeeeee 88
Shovel-headiwe i secremea ee -/- 42 SHlig Oe meta rs Sep ans sscekSeessos so 88
Sleeper sec EE ine cm aetee aes « 42 Wil: 252 ,35).Sse oe eae eee eee 88
Spotbed-fin'’ 2. soe pce saci AD) ASNOWe DIODES sc ce2 caoe keen ae ee ae 56
A COT ian ee iS se aek ce Mean rawer 49) || *Snuting Pip: oso ssa ee ee acetate 3
hap iess= 22a oo Soest th cca eee een eetaece - 106 |-Soaps made from fish-oils..-........-.------ 161
Sheepshead’. s.2-r a seccth =< 25: cmerte taeee 27 || :Soft-shell Turtle: ss22 5. -eeeeeaseeseecee ee eee 6
Sheldrake ssc ee aece ne eae po ssenect 2 5 |rSole; Americans. 2 seas -ee eee seer 12
SNe sana s meee cee eee ee pace 153 |aboleidwe: 2 aah iaaserce cece cece eee eee 12
Cameo shh cs-.ac-n rare on eae ee 153 | Somniosus microcephalus ....---.-.-..-..-, 42
Offconchyy- omer eae gee eee aersies 53)\ ¥Sombhern Ken o-fis heer ee eet eee 26
Of thelm bree ssa a seb ea se ee eveetete 153 Terrapin <oese chs 2 Sees e sje ete 8
Ofskin'- Crap jee ace aac beatae eerie 153 |>Spades, Blubber-mincing ...---.----.-.-t 2. 55
MOLGOISO 222 = =e sce ae e ner een eee 151 @uthine 3-22 -a 5-2 - sce e se eee 55
‘Shells used for implements ..-. ..--.--...-- 153 Bb joc setare soi aioe marepeinis sie ee ee 55
Shell-work..; 60. 2ces.c27- qageeece cick ceeeres 153 Half-round |. cj5s0- see aaqs cons ceeeee 55
Shelter Ac 2 costco ss aa eee ce eee 127 Head! 2c -sestescias sae se ceeeeteoees 55
Shiner=. geese phe Fes es mmmenhiccsncelo eee nce 37 Round shank sce ee. pe ese eae 55
DIPS scence cokes aor a- fons Pe eee ee 115 Throat) sis + 2-cpe sins ccemamee sees 55
Short. Big-evye: -. -- te tesiseee ciate ait 0 30 Wihallé- cnibiino ee ec eee 55
iMarvest-fish' 2.2 jcsten tees 25 Wihaleman’s boat =-e--.--2-—-eeeeee 56
Showels ~-s)-<-).Qsdesses 545 Heelers beet tee ceri 56) |ipopamish Wady-fish oo, 2 eee eee eee 20
Oyster...--/-.<2 ets tees hl een Ee: 56 | Meaekerel.... 52. --.-cecmeneeemeanes 22
Sight-decoys........ AE AOS re ye eee 103 | POrgy .----------2 2-222 en eet ene ee 19
SUNS eg ee ese eee ere aia cep es Sb OSH INS POL CLCe pees eee eee re eee eee 27
Silkworm-ent snoods ........--...-- eee Bs 88) Spear-lish SuGK@r foc. semaine eee 30
Silupidier js eae See eee ee eae eee 37) Spears, Atboricinal fisher eeee eee ee 60

INDEX. 255
Page. Page.
Rape ato SLU DOW es ems mic iteminm ra sie c2ac oo cie- BO) STORINGES =o. oc tees «cease ce ee ee 115
Detachable-head................-... OD) WStevanonodes: 2. van voeceaseeee es eee ee 5
PLC eset te tsietatetat nies clare: te imi al aie lee vs 59 | Stenotomus argyropS......-.....20...---.-- 27
PER eee taps a Stel ny ae om nice is 635) SStercoranius) Duo seaeseecene see eemeee eee 7
Fixed-head ...........-....-.....--.59, 235 ALAS CUS Ui meee pene i
Harpoon. -..- Bea aeerdeictamanaee tek. 62 pomatorhinus.<..-.s.2. 5-4 7
(Ee deters tes secercs seccce sods. s 63" PeSterma:forstent 5.25. cupccc anyon eemeees a
Oulachan.....-.--.----.----...---.. D9) | WStichre1dse 4.9 5.. cee mares Me ee eee ee 16
BRIS UNI ESE er Rebeca cin ns 6 56</f2 cise 55 | Stickle-back, Four-spined ..............--.-. 31
Specimens of fish in alcohol........-...---- 220 Teneapined ose eee 31
Ofiryan aleohOl s 2... ss was: PD eS TN OO RAs See eas ere ee 40
Speckled Tortoise .-..-----..---.--+-+++++++ 8 (Galifomilas.conmmcae so Fae eee eee 40
eETMNOEME epee eerstwaeweneewascause--.--- 160 (Stink Pot. .....-.----seencteunsceccanecbecee 9
Spermoil......------------------2----++---- 159 | Stizostedium canadense .........-......---- 29
Sperm Whale, Ambergris of........-.--.--. 162 Vit OTN aa ieee eee aa eee 28
jaw-bone, used for harness- SUOMIAS fer. << os cn cna nachinnts coke eet ae 33
rings, martingales, &c.... 149 | Stomiatida.....-...--.--.ssseee--seeeee nese 33
MUSKMOLie ci. scisceers Ace Joke - Dae PR SCO Miso aise se saya cya ceeey seek ee een 128
Beto TEA TERN CL co epnatxta at =taia, =i miaia\n'avares cewnia ae’ </@)oi2he = Brel eR LOU MS GRiTael lA SIS tere spe stainless area 29
PURE OUSICOIIACOM a onic aart= cernicls aire me's cece 10 LAPaniS aa ate eesty< eee eee ea 17
Sphyrena Horealis.<..s0 92.0.2. o 0st on cieacelnn 31 Perch Ac ko cs we Bee
* spet .-..--------------.-2+------- 31 | Sea. JRODIN.05~.cdamgy eee tire eee 17
Sphyranidw.....-....-----+-----2+--+---+-- BL | Stromateid@ ..-.---- eee -eeeeeeseeeesee 25
Sphyrna zy geona. --...----.----+------- +--+: AD NE StURPegn, MuaKe¢ deemeetts eae s anaes 39
SST tI eon te fo ceer aia Uscen smeken sso nc 42 | TOAtHeR tet 2 sts seein aan ne cee 154
Spices and vinegar, Preparations in ........ 144 | Shiarp-DOsed) 15 wean series sees 39
piel east Neeser anicla iowscloscsacuc's<is 21 SHOTENOSEO: apn oe eeepc enon 39
eH MIMEE INOS. ~ciclscsinncccess e555 126 | SHOMGLNOSCGs == sea nen eeee ee 39
Npike-balesssss2e5es se OSLO... ke. 1A SUG S60: oS a0 Bitsy ers beans one ae ae ee
PSR iSO Si et se arstatt=t et cleo olat=.w)n)'ninivicim ine win l= l= 42 Ohobe a -eeehsss2 nae adeee eee 37
MME Ne etait tassios Sea minimis wim eee == = 103 Commonaen- ee 4ec ease caer eee 37
PS PALEASELNV VS atlanta al ee wine so cc iaeeens 213 Sit ne dle tan tas 45 season see eee ee 37
SSID OES rattle oe ard tt slats oicise nmiee == = DAN MSUCKERtiSh os Sass sk an andese ten esas sso 30
SII eae tes a ar cine ste aitn el daatnl=)- Seine le0 156 |. Suits, Anglers’... ..-... 2-2-2. sm-se----enes 130
American commercial .........---- 156 WIShermGn'S - oe acce a sceesecec eae 129
PUsed IM SUPLOL Yee s =~ j0c 5.2. dens ee 157 || Water proOfessemn: = s-.pe aeee=—ml= 130
PTS Mee ee ele fetal mtom eotnhdeebee asm ae 92 | Sulai Dassen seen cose ons fon slew aee es etoaiae 6
Spoon-baits, fluted -...-....2.0-2-----5--.-- STU Se) ee ciel pa ie eins ote preci ie cle ete 6
PEREIRA ate te etn etre lee a= slerei= == 71 | Summer or Glut..-..--...-------------+ +-- 36
Spoons, Trolling ..-...-.-----------+------- 103 | Sun-drying apparatus .........---...------- 139
RIO te et een talento itainia:eiotaissiaeleinim shims = o's 26 J Sunsisht=2 Simctatea ste see ence sear eet ar 11, 27
DrMOW abled osetes tsa aceccarenesacc- 26 Black-bandedi2eep sep seas teieioaratete 28
Spotted Bass). 2s s cece act poss cecteemene---- 26 OU Se watetan espe a ee Sa neieha siamese 160
CTO ss su tate Eels ee western == ial 22 |: Supplies, Commissary....-......<----..-==s 128
(Codlin gs se eee oe} Sods eines tah om = 15. |. Surface-fishing tackle..............---=.---- 64
Sole, California: --.....25.........- V4 Ul) Sorftackle 2.2. acbeseceseaanees ee eee eels 65
Squeteagne'-2.........-.--0s.--- 25 | Surgery, Sponges used in .........--..--- ser RO
Haba o- 222s cet santero tates = Tait Swab-tangles.. -<c6500 occauabeeintts c= mi =[0= mn 63
SWAG YAMNOUUILY Chis cto ce oo nieieieie ~~ = 16 | Swingle-tail ...........0.-----00-----eeesce0 42
PG TMIE ee 2 ceca Chie ota ctam ew scmimioisinban <= = ANG). Swivels ssc ce pum bite horse eee ce erate ieee go
Squalus americanus: 22. 7... ...--s0----- A9/5|. Swordfish .a-5 =). ost he sh ieleeeeteeeeios ioe 2)
Squatina dumerili.......-...-...-.---+----- 41 Bone. lice hie mochade eae ees 149
Squatinid@......--.-.-2b.n eee eee e eee e ee eee 41 |) Syentogndthi......-.--. ~~. .cccpeeeeas=0-=-= 3
BQUALOALUS ape no-no own cecienncmicinmmiciines 25 | Synaphobranchidm.....-...--.--------- --- 38
Squeteague family, Isinglass from.....--... 155 | Synaphobranchus pinnatus........----.---- 38
MORIN ORL OL see wae fo oom nine onenecsenten~< > 162 |. Syngnathida .....-.-.-.0---6---0---+2-200e- 12
REO SOLES) cee ein =< a wom mnie a aeonsmer === 57 | Syngnathus peckianus .........------------ 2
RNAs (ores ot eo cen cans sesecn sens - =. 59 | Synodontide ..........-.---------eeeeee- ==> 33
Squids and jigs......-.--------++----------- 103 T.
Squirrel (fish). -...-.....---.-00----cse0-0- 25, 29
ERK eee cian ecen cen ae enc unnne a 15 | Tackle, Angling....--..-..---------e+sseee- $4, 235
Star Smapper.........--..-------0--------- 29 Black-Dags .- ..4. 0000504 re cmnn === 64
Stargazer, Naked........-...---..--------- 17 BeBe cle 3d osc Bic ancient aie Rae eee 65
Btatesesociahions .2-2-<-<0+ se cece woes ccnede 233 naa a inion anaes 64
Retin cslccclcemeddes ager cde es 66 Fly-fishing ......-.ceceeesssseseeses 64

Stationary lines

256 INDEX.
Page. Page.
Mackey salmon erase cme -eniasccie reste cetera 64 | Transportation of fish-eggs, Devices forthe. 217
Set cee raceme cane cesis sean serrieseer = 66 Methods\oft essen renee 104
HAC e eee ee eraser seater 64°] Trapping -. seeceee soe mete eee es 132
DSU he eels ole ote ola eee eee eer 65) | Traps .-.. i... cece ceccee senses ater en eee =m
SULtace-fis hing = werteee sesamiae 64 BASS. .ossacs eos sane e et eee eee 102
rollin ee sere alee te amt eet 64 Munnel eo essen ere eee eee eee 101
PSO Ubi eye ooiete mom etete interne fate tettetetetet entero 64 Labyrinth yes--2-ceee ese eee 101
Wnderisurtace accesses ere eeeer 65 Pen os soscscs seinen - 3 eee eee eee 101
SWOT Oye eeetete eee ieee 64 Pocket sa. 252 52 eee seer gaenseee eee ee 101
Teeniotoca lateralis.....0-2.222-255---+----- 20 See Sa Snands dsbecedaeoe ssbcccnac 66
BTtem OLS eee ee etapa eater a tatalelee le teem etelet ate 2) |) crawl, Beam! os 2 sees e= eka eee ee eee 99
18 Pha ipeeuqosasaonosssoccuessonc8ee 62) | Dravwl-line rollers. 2: .<oee aos em ineie see 91
SVD Osea alee ener ete ee eres 63 (GUD os eee ee ne eee eee 92
Wilhlecleeeese==-eeeeeeeeeeereeeeere 63) trawl lines yer mee eerie we eeeR eee 66
Tantalide---:2--=- eee eae eee elena DI | raise enn eee see eee ee tela 99.
Pantalusioculatornac---eeeens ase ee eee 5). “Grichechidss' 4.242.065 -5-csaes- be ones 2
Man PUI eee eres n ase eee eiatetetalaeielelelalere= i= 35 | Trichechus manatus ........---.---0.+----- 2
PANCO Cee cee eee cee nneieite earnest leee 19) | EErichiaridte 22 2. sae aces ele eeeeae 21
Manto eC MONS saeae eee eeee sea ee eee 19} Lrichiurus lepturus::. =. -c-e--eeee eeeeae 21
Tautogolabrus adspersus.....--..----.----- SL OS Le OT de ee orate nists ea ee eee 17
Teeth of alligator used, &c...-....---- 149) | iriclopsi pine eles s==.2 eee ee ae eee 18
Ofssperm-whalereeeeeee-se asec eee eee 148 || “rionychidges-2.-0n-2-¢eeecse Seen eee 9
Meleocephaligeeerpeeeeneeee soem eee einaee as 13) |} Eriple-Dail eee see nc ese ee eee ee 30
Ten-spined Stickle-back......-......-.----. 31) | Erolling-spoons, 2 - 2s se- ee eeeees see 103
Terrapin, Diamond-back......-....--.------ 8) || Mirolling-tackler \o- s\acj-etoit-iemicisne see ~ o4
Red-bellied sesse ec eeeni see se ce 8 | Tropidonotus erythrogaster .....-..-------- 10
Southern see sss see cesescrc eens 8 Y thombifer...- .---ss-ee-seeeee 10
SNe tye LAM Ba Die arpa tee tate eed tese ta lela talaete tefotel= elt (= elevate 8 es SIpedon'eo--esss(ece cesar 10
Mestudinid Breeesoseee sero seceeaeeee eae 8 ‘S taxispilotus: --- sess eeee eee 10
Mestud o1carouna eee esse esac msteseae sane ood SHE Droutebro0kseoaa-hece-oae eee eee 35
Metraptunus)/albidUs ce sce\see=\-— oo eeltni see =l=/ 21 HGS \eeee eee eee eee eee are eee 84
Tetrodon levigatus...........-.--.--.-.--- 11 Lak!) 22 occ ccicseicse:ceacmsie eae sees 34
3 SPen el eriler eee pee eet 11 Nam ayCn Shas e see testicles rete 34
Metrodontid Dieece se cercccleeecee saeco 1 Oquassa: cee s2cpseoee ee ee ee eee 35
Thalassochelys caouana...............--.-- 9 erout-tackles---sssceneseteceeese ere se seer 64
Thermometers .......---------------------- 163" || Drompet-fish . 524. 2. eee stseciese cise erceeeseme 31
Thread-fish ....-.-..----------------------- 24 itry gon .centrura-=--- eee eeeee oe ee eee eee 40
thr esheree eee cess cies ae kaeee eee eae eee 42 | Try gonide: ...-...2--2 5000s -ioceeeeeeeee 40
Sho waANe-StiCkS s esemy== en -ntal= len «lara i=iia 63) | Ory pots: o-2--sacceoene ee Seen eee see eee 142
Phymallus tr Colonsescsiscs elector eae asec 35 ||| Try-works, Modelsiof..c--<--e-nco-reeceeeee 142
Moad-fishisese sy saemecisee nn aiscianee cesar 16 4) Mob Alrawil-line, -.- sac-cse-ce eee eee 92
Toggle-pin or pump-bolt .....-........----- 125 |) Donny, -.s.s-s0s-ccosce ces e-ceemece eee eeee 22
Aor (COG bis peo nea sunudobeSasaSeHssadeEasse 14 Littles... 2 ccecs once aes peoeeeneneee 22
BROT) O'S Poteet eteyeters ete oleae lelelaatass melas eae a 62 | Turbot, Greenland .....-- Soe se ease eee ee 14
“oo OMS coopeccasace casconndasseaasoos 62 Spotted 2... sco e.c.conuaaeeceeeeeee 13
TOL PCAN wee aaa eee ele sae em cacierleisee ciel 40) Sturkey, Watets.s-- 2-5. -setescecsse sees 6
Morped Ofmemr eee meee ae etree eta maleate 4(0)<i i DortleGreenteee sees sseen ae nee anes 9
eee OCCIOCNtAliS ene seeeien= meee eine 40 loggerhead sees acess eee eee 9
Morioiseyeainted seeces secs seiceeetasseeciectac 8 Mud see tesenseccenes se neeicemeeacee 9
SNAPPING ee sees coedees masses sates 9 Pacitic/ Grech ves see aes eee 9
pe Speckiledipeesactecce=sescestossnia 8 Pacific; Hawk’s-bille <2 =. cn reneene 10
ERoTbOIse=She lle eem-mctemee eeiens este et aet 151 Soft-shelllge 2222-8 jas es=nesceeeeens 9
Mowan Gen etseaeeesaneease eee See ee eee 99 | Tusks of walrus used, &c .............----. 148
PTACeS Eat eens sont te tees ere neice atsicieets 88) | Twisted lines: 2.) 222c0-. sc oss cece site erie 85.
Trachinocephalus myops..--.-.------.--..- 33
Trachurops crumenophthalmus.....-.-..--- 23
SPrachurus) SAULUS=: cs se ceisee sees cles a aie 23 U.
Trach ynowws Carolimus =. --ccscatcleee = aelesi=r 24
af CIRCUS is. = Seecaa-eeeeeeoeeere OYA ||) Wheneret hes es = aes seecsmnggedacngse sohessqcNs 33
COLCENSISa secon ee emcee eee O4n | lmiaks On DIGALTAS se. seen acme ees 104
ovatus: 2... ae 24 | Under-surface tackle........-...-.----.---- 65
Trade, Ice (accessory)..----2.s--c.--.-.---- 139 | U.S. Fish Commission, Collections of --.--- 210
Prailino=nets\Atertsecpcsese seen ecee cere 99 Publications of.... 164
Mrammel-netses2 so scassesece aces owes sees O74 sUranid GapvisCOSaen ens ose] eae eee eee 18
Transportation of fish, Apparatus used in (Wranoscopid ieee meee eee eee oiaee eee ete 17
LO tetera ate a selec lode 218; 239) || Urodela oon cee co.cc nme = oneness a= mnie = sin 10

INDEX.
Page
Vv. Witte Bashesacchice caumanancenn tame aaa
SNESCUMAR SMe thsR areteiale ie anion mina owas = a)a= 3's mc 1 HerONicces on sven ccm coducn daceeus seas
Vessels, fishing, Schooner-rigged...........- 114 PGGAN 2 Jccsc-5pcecsssueeee seen cnee
Vinegar and spices, Preparations in........ 144 Perch) .cn-2cn.anaseeeoeser oe eaten ee
VOR ORR OO SEO 23 Wale see ee eee pa
Ww. Wihite-fish. 2s 222.5 2sbec ange onteee eens ae
Chief Mountain Lake..-.....--.
Walrus, Tusks of, used &c.....-.......-..-. 148 Pletring@e..:. 0 sae) coe
MarR NEES CR ore ee are siaic etorsicimeis' = wes cinisic eis =. Bo rnin ae dete Oe ee et eee eee
PA Sait eee eenemintemcias isc op ecw 10 = Dakeree sae Wie
Water-keg -..-.-------------- +++ +--+ 2+ +5: 125 | Winches, Gunwale..........-.-----------<-
PEST LOO UB WLUA cms ues ee sin aero visi wine's =~ 130) licorinderulinal oc. coe ee ee
““Water-thief”’ or bung-bucket. .....-...... 125) | “wWanter Mlounders- eee ote
Water-turkey .--..---.---++---+--++-+++++-- Oy Wiitie GOR <ctese eet ees, ears ee
ByanenycbIONnder-=-. occ. ncarncc-- scence Shale iRbiee en ee oe ee a eee
DWE HIS me aicic meade es Gaseeqaescccsscsces. 29) | Wragd his eo 4 tea eau ee ee
MME RORSHOUMGS So. ae as aceccic cn =- access 101 | Se
Western a. ere eRe kate OS 33 Wooden eee ee aS pase en anaes oe
5 | AGa-CONOOSs=- 256-72 2c See eee
Malai SPO whead: S552. 2.00scc.cesous-+ 2 GW urs ie) RRB gE cite Selec oaks en
Paeitic Right Bat mec en nwo menace rccns 3 Shella. - tet oad we ee ee
White ..----.--+-----+----+---2+ ++: 2 Wiry-month, spotted:ss-e.sssss-sceeeseeeee
Whale-boat (used in whale fisheries)..--... 106
Whalebone in an unmanutfactured state.... 149 xX.
lines .----- -------+++--+-+---+++- Si, |) Milling ais se. nen A eee eee
Whale-lance, iron .....-.----------+-------- CUA Xa nhidionhilisesee ee eee e eee eee ee
WARAIGTANICES reo e= -o-n- eco ae one o--n enn ve JP) Rb eee ase ee ete eens seen
VLD GSE GG i 22 90 |
“CAV TOES Di= 2k 2 a 158 2
Extraction of......--.----------- Lael ello Orevalle: acento sane eeseee ee eee
Instruments and appliances for | Miachkerclsceens. coth tie ee
Bt eaY TON GSE T3 fal etial reteset =a = == 142 Perot chee ee yh eee
Whaling-gums. ...------.----.-------------- 64 Pike perl tesacmssesacciasseces=eaes
Wehaleman’s line-tub .-.-.....--.-.----...... 92 A atih Reread od ean aa ee a
Nvinaleamen's HOOKS... 4.2.50. .c00ccse0--0- Don evellow-bailedi@pote-cass 2-24 eee sea oe
Ae one nals wlnnnin nininiasiclem\anioisinia soa ain 141 |
Wheelbarrows for bait-clams.......-....... 103 | Z.
DU Cel MAN POS <5 ono) <2 5 con aces tneces ceases 63 | Zalophus gilliespil. --. o.oo ee cece ee eenenn
Dr Pea vor ness nace eenanmansimnasn cee 64 | Zoarces anguillaris................0.-.e00 as

17 F

257

Page.
29

a

30

2, 33
34
34
15
34
a1

13
88
16

104
104
164
153

16

21
16
21

23
23
28
28
26
26

15

ee

ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF NAMES

MENTIONED.

K Page. |
Ambey a Imbrie......-----.-.... 85, 86, 90, 91, 93, 94. |
PeMPILtP ety Cre Meee ea mec cars san ccs e's goes 197 |
Ackley, Lieutenant. ....-..............-..-- 229 |
MMS ETL saan sia ae ime xia sez 99, 101
PATS EAS GLU Wis A cen sc ucc ocecliocecescse 177
Gams, John QwinGy-.<..-52...s0se00-5--2- 138
Agassiz, Prof. Alex ....12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, |
22, 23, 25, 28, 32, 36, 37, 41, 229 |
SARIN NVOULR, HOP REM He... 2. ct ceneeceenee- 214 |
Alaska Commercial Company .....-...-... 2, 51, 147
Jie (0) ny Gee 161, 236, 238, 239 |
PME ee Mr eee aeiaiaaia la sie c ve cette de 86
PEST ENE ONS Folcta is n'a aie einitve tse be ae 139
WRMMECOR EROS COs aicanatcaceccses sania es 155
American Museum Natural History, N. Y .. oS |
American Needle and Fish-Hook Company. 66,
68, 69
American Netand Twine Company....-. 95, 96, 97,
98, 99, 100, 102
American Salt Company.........-.--- ..s-.- 238
American Sardine Company............---. 145 |
PEN elie eave cise cc's ssa b's'e saeco taeceee 152
PTT ENS Sid OO) cate cis aieicca eos ceceiee,ceie ces 145
PTET e WTA Oe Wicca es Sonate ow ses oelea case 49
TIGA mace cee = oe cata eceertese , 189
PRUE AIOOS SL es so otan Soe caso ties eeinsa ai 218, 219
Pera ee lge Miss cain casa eee slot d tame ats 146

Atkins, C. G...50, 171, 172, 173, 177, 181, 186, 191, 198,

208, 207, 212, 213, 215, 216, 219, 222
PAMWAUGI SE TOL: Ws Oe. - oascccescacsserecnens 204
Atwood, Capt. N. E.....--.... 139, 157, 158, 159, 160,
ss 161, 162, 166, 167
MRP BAINES oes -- ce, can ep oes 160 |
Sea TESIE WERENT les Rice eb dee ease <1 137 |
Bard, Prot $F ...... 4, 9, 28, 60, 61, 97, 100, 101, 104,
149, 164, 169, 170, 176, 184, 193, 199, 217
are oa OGL tc eisie ais ch eli-in ons eames sams 2
epE RERUN ee ose a ema caer areas crate ean as 235
PATE CUN Cr PAN ncn jvaicts se wain Ohaas eee a sasaa see 139
PST CE PO ro icalls| catlece cia sce cca clades cc 192
Bartlett, J. H., &Sons........-. 69, 140, 159, 160, 161
aren eV RP LRM ELS fats Sion aeons sald coe alereeranen iL}
EOP OED I). sect cictc cee ooaeaciss dejeste sae 126
Bay View Chinese Colony ---.--.------.---- 236, 239
Beardslee, Commander L. A..-.-...-.-.---.201, 208
Beardley’s Sons, J. W..-.-.------ banses seats 143, 144
BElteSchmaldow, VON «== 2<-----+<<----5--- 199
ABRUTI NO Saas toate cis occ sce’ Ce ee ees 99
PMU TE LORSH! <= 2. <2 cosc~ caw es= eae seen we 216 |
Bete DAMES” Gree ac oc scecenscn=saccaess 166
INH Ott ied eseis faa <a cas wisindwice ee'sscenes G7)
SIN MOH ates sacns sacs sce essence aneee 115 |
iBlpektord, HW. G.....<-<---.. 9, 10, 14, 17, 23, 24, 26, 29,
30, 31, 38, 43, 44, 143 |
inwembraniks Oo csc socsccns 5552 scecesyoce= ss 126 |
MEBTAT EUW sa osc sc2cacecs - =< 55 s505 20 54

Page
Bode; JS. ..c<caeevscdascccaaes posers 6
Boeck, Ax6l..si.cssoncvaccestcoasneseeteee 187, 188
Bogart. Consa.ue senses sees ean eeeeeee 147
Booth JAC. /6a' COM: seas cencten st coe ae eee 146, 237
Borne; voniem. scces nose secseeee ee nee mee 192
Boston Packing Company .-.-........-..---. 141
| Bouchon-Brandely, M .... 2. --522. cence 180
BON 6M; aC se cacnena ste sees cee aoe 6
Brackett Ass fis. ccstcseasaaceeeeeenas 212, 217

Brackett, Walter M 34
Bradford & Anthony. - .55, 57, 59, 65, 66, 67, 69,71, 85,
86, 87, 89, 90, 91, 92, 98, 99, 103, 152, 235

| Bradley. Boy cae. cctun spe eeoeseee eres 155
| saranda CIC. Se cy Ska tcee == aes ce sss 64
BPaSROLs baccee acces eases aed 114

| (}BLOWOL, Pe AMes.D) 2.20, <0co das cp nese eer eee 212
Brooks George: Wicice sec senec aves see saree 155

| ABrOOKS UD rs Wie. eee eee eee 45
JK wan Mlb d eee scooSuadisameoosesier Ae== 136

| SBrown DRG09 << nae occ ceisceic ne eee see ee 119
[BuekJonathanie -<ccnccemesiee be esses ese 131
SU Ie WS. nec cehetaao aisle emotes weeeeieay sites 71
Bureau of Navigation .......--..----..-0-. *. 133
TABU LET OAV taraimcetel fais cinlciate i= c= eae tee 104
Barnhim ce Mom: see gscemseseeaiee Seer t ete ie!’

C:

@anip ball Ria Giese --isanicadbel lelectra ee 7
Cape Ann Isinglass and Glue Company.--. 155
Garleye Bird ia: Mis saa ancttinie son easels 43, 44, 145, 146
Warten culls aa. <aisota ita malate iein cia ees 131, 132
Central Wharf Company..-.-..---. 69, 70, 89, 125, 132

| Chapman Weis) Go SOU. caiccmase cen aaa Ee 71, 93
|| Chase: Orent Me. Io). 32-t. aos eee 216
hase wee 20). occseece se 103, 106, 113, 114, 140
@hestern ths Osseo. jes censn aa 107, 114, 118, 139, 217
@hurchy sosepuyy da COssc er. - sen aca 142
Clank vA, PLO WANC ie eco e eersenneiac seat 132, 143
Clarks WY Niceen sess elo tae aasetcenieesisisen meee teue
Clark sames wis. .lcte ne am se nines olefin saeaere ae 119
Ue Tetris cPic Es ate x ow) ctalninsete eat sate ata Siete ate wear eter 148
Daa Wie coors wince ace e he ciiatoe 171, 215, 120
Glan tons HEE Ora es esleteta sietsinlatae eimcai ctr ater 101
Cleveland, Capt. Josiah. .....--......--.:--- 102
Cleveland: Gant, WM. - cae se eciecse sete leaaraie 112
Glrtts William ss ee J eepeiateia aren 171
Cole Cr Amee sca sueeeae- saece eee Saas 58, 156
Coleman, Walter, & Sons.....-.... 115, 116, 118, 120
Giollins An wee = — ae soa te ose iaeam eee ere 222
Collins, Capt. J. W-.---.---- 6,7, 8, 11, 66, 118, 132, 142
Colyer, Vincent...-.......--.---.-.2..=-= 60, 64, 127
Commratere eH lessees eee eee 148

Conroy, Bissett & Malleson. .57, 59, 70, 71, 82, 83, 84,
85, 86, 87, 90, 91, 93, 94, 99, 103,
104, 127, 128, 130, 131, 132, 133

Conwell Davids etre coteere 5. ae ten ata eee 182

Cook) Calelieectse-dascscesas ae ape aee ar eta 158, 159

Cook, COlGMAN <coaccncccuucusavnenadese oer 69
209

260 INDEX.
Page. | Page.
COO KopH NIST aareeye eele late le tele re eaien eee er eteraeets 681695) Wereusons is) Wiles ace cere se eet ene eee 9
Codie HLA. Si WAU ee. eae eee 149 | Ferguson, T. B .........-- 56, 105, 113, 114, 202, 214,
Cookh eRe. hue a decks bark Eee 132 216, 218, 219, 239
Cook svemuelizdeeeseseeeeeeee eee OONGOFOO 7 0NSo) itz bu oh (Ecce eee eee eee 103, 113
COOK AW (CO secs eae eeee 52,56") “Horepauch, W..B..jt.6o 0 = eee eee eee eee 155
Cormwallg& Walton’ eee sien ele seee 113 Forest and Stream and Rod and Gun .....-- 138
WosTOWACHILO ee ncceme cscs pee eee eee 166 Forest and Stream Publishing Company.-.-. 132
Cones, WHMiStG = 2.260 a ce eae eicee omterte ST) Mosber Es, 6o\COknca.. seca ee epee 88
Court: OW vre bes teccsheee cece ee saeseeetes 66" | hoster,G: (Ba - a= one meat ee ee 52, 89
Cragin & Sheldon 222: cece. cee seers 1S) || PH OSster J Mie 2 oo essere eae eee 213
Cranial 5 @ SENee sc cir eia cio tenets eet emrets 148° | Hoster,.J. W ise+ nr ssi oeceoce te cases 149
Crandall: Ty. 6&.Co . 22: ene emecereecenes Si 0| ebreeman: Santordie-s. a. eee eee 69, 126
Crittenden, A. R...-... 52;'5609'60,106; 67,109, 70.99, | Hreeman, Thomas --------- 32 2he eae ees 126
131132)149| | Hreeman & lincoln -.-:...--sae=-=ses-- eee 64
Crooker Limothyr --- oe sceeee es ee eee G79) ren ch VACA So. ee ee aaa one ae 95, 97
(Gina nals A OW) Sao oeoboosuassosssostSa6 265. (Bridle Mi 22232 222 36552 68505. -s See cece 206, 207
Curley, Rev. James). sei aja = = eine 61, 64, 87
G.
D. he a
Dall, W. H....2, 43, 45, 49, 54, 56, 60, 61, 63, 64, 68, 69, eee SWE co: oie tema a i
87, 100, 101, 104, 124, 132, 148, 152, 153 St PE VES ES OI a ae reas pare
: Gamgec; John. nse a eee 208, 209
Dambeck|Callesessceeececceeeeeeeeeeer saa 187, 205 | ~
: A Gaudet Co Paice seo ee ee eee 68
Daniell, Dr. Wi Ce nee age Gibbs, George.......--. 1, 52, 60, 62, 68, 69, 87, 99, 104
Wantziger, Senator ...-..--.-- -----------=-- DOUde | Sea
Davis Md ward + cco eee toe ae tees eee sees Ba en OO aoe oe ena oP ae
, Gittord, Mhomas| di. (65 COs ss--5- ose eeneees 70
TORR ds Wass Soossosssqscqdsesaas-ouace 43.) ae
te =e | GGHGerE NEC. SH (cw licens oe Sn 149, 153
De Broca, Lieut. P eeede VINE Ty PED o 188) | Gauinesdere N...-. e 169, 183, 184, 192
Ble bec oy AEB 5 C0 eee aoe ce 151 | Gloucester Isinglass and Glue Co....-. 155, 156, 162
Dennison Manufacturing Company -.--...-- 155 Gg Godalel S, L ...8. ee ee Oe 147
Delano, George, &Co.....----.------------- 158 Ghods, BO). ste 8, 105
LOR 2 UE Sie te ras a ee tet a ai 138 Goode, G. Brown ...-8, 12, 28, 32, 36, 57, 69, 70, 92, 99,
ee EP Rees eeee Ree eer eee e= rere 34 124, 126, 154, 204
Bon ROR enh eee ea tang Deere Cohan: 123s) (@érdon, WW. Ales. 22+... ee 44
pe DBS OO eo coe een arco ang 85,86 | Gower, Frederick ‘A......-.-------ugacsde 123, 124
SW OL) PAG Whe 0G) CO eciiee ee aici = 142, 159, 160, 161, Ee GeranteMeW en eee eee _...57, 58, 59, 67, 125
Be plete, SER Piaictoepie nr mm Fein beis oie al Graves, HrederickD 24. 522 tecesce- acces 1138, 122
sD OVE NETS ete eter ieee eise=isaaii-l= -e)=ile soa acoin 148 | Gravee iD, 2.0. dace piaeee ee 93
Dresser, J. W .-----------+20++---+2er cere ee 87 Green WIVitAs:2..s.c-426 26 50a eRe ace eee eee 216, 218
Drexler, C...-..--+------ 2-222-222-2222 eee: 4,5 Green“Gslisdes steer acne ese eee eee 101
Drummond-Hay, Col. H. M....11, 12, 19, 20, 21,22, | Green, Seth ...170, 171, 172, 181, 215, 216, 217, 221, 222
25) 28131, 92,20. Griswold, Charles’ D../4-..2¢-se ese eee 189
Dunan, Winfield S ........---.e2+---+s-200- ped Grocers’ Packing Company ...--..---------- 141
aD yates ONE ee reeelneeeelaa =n ieee Ol uM
Dameklee, HM een ceicineiete eles wieiseiel=\eleie == ~~ 1 128 | Ee
E. Haimes J ales. .s5. sss ccsss ee eee eee 179
Earle, T. K., & Co.....---.-++-----++-+----- LOD) | Sal] Cant. CoBicecsee oat aes eae 56, 60, 61, 69, 148
Eastport Packing Company .---.----------- 146 | Halifax Commission........---...-.-s-e-+-- 137
Eaton, Prof. D. C....-----------+-------+--- 49" |erallet, Captain: 2ci5....Sko2eessces eee 114
Ble ard tel see ses eee ia tee aoe ala eater 203, 208 | rallet, Freeman .....-.c---0.--c-2-eceeee sees 69, 70
Edmonds, R. H ..-..---------++-+-2+220-+-- 113,140" | srrallock, Chatles.c-.-s-2-.2 022-20 e eee 136
Ma munds) Ms Omer ascese esteem ie eter aeatet 182 Hamilton, Me %.s0022622..kc eee 4
Bid:wands avanaluNpessesese see -e nase 9,180; 167;/204 || eramiin, AOC 2020. .22o2ccec bccn eee 177
Elliott, Henry W .-..----.51, 60, 61, 68, 69, 87, 89, 147 Ry 6 GW oo icee cee eee 44
Elwell, Capt. Samuel, jr - 52, 54, 56, 91, 114, 116,117, | ences: & Bott. 2 eee 149, 152
119, 121, 125, 1382 Harvey 6 Holden!2 2. 22s ss5scencmosae eeeeer 44
Eureka Packing Company .---------------- 146 | Haskins Brothers ..-.-. inch ee ee 154, 160
Everleth, F. M...---------------++-2+-+---- 413 | Fratch, Dr. Thomas E.-2....--/22ss2ecee0-ee 177
Everson, James ---.---.---+-+-+-++++++-+---- 106 Haven Walliams €'Co..-12. 2+ ss-ssseeeeeeee 158
F. TV C8 1D Eee eceeiea esse eee 61
TT Ow, DT awed Ghia oictetereiale melee ielei-ialaisrer== 49.8168) 192'>|aviward, Ws Wilas-scccoccescee see eee eee 9
Medd eOrspn; Was eter chice\set seseceeeiemiarieaiee 187) | #Hedogs: SiR se 5053: 22 SL bo beet eee 59
Feilner, Lieut. John .......----.---------+-- 60 | Hegeman Portable Folding Boat Company. 105
HONK OD Hs a -ian, teleter trai dettoroe a sletcleistelote = 7 |Setemphill, << 2.2.5 cenn emcee Sees 49, 151, 152
PWONITIOL, (OAs tots at aratotae ater stolen atstererateie lattes 105 | Hesbolt, W.H .-.... Ce tones oes 55, 58, 59, 125
Ferguson, Albert....-....-.-- ee eeteleteetetateteter 104 | Hessel, Rudolph. ...... 3, 4, 171, 175, 180, 197, 208, 204

INDEX. 9 6 i.
Page. | Page

Higgins & Gifford...... Beaueaseehe cee. 106, 124, 141 | M
EN CB eS aca sca an ce cbace 140 | McBride, Sara J ........--.-a.e-00--es0t2+-- 71
PaO RI GaN se <2 5 oreo aaad te ada do's th 9 | MoCaleb, Vinal... je -wpsge- np eneeemnen—d 56, 60
a PEM rene hoe ic sicaeacs -227- feast 4 | McCollam, Thomas, & Co .....-.......-.--. 236
Ny Sr ca 3d Be wie 28 | McCurdy, Alex ..........52, 53, 54, 57, 70, 89, 98, 126
PMSend. oe Gar lpnue Donald; Allen Ti. cesses en esos 92, 129
Holbrook, John Edwards ..-..-...-.---.-.-- PARO TE gel U onal Ls ete se dele ao) ree 137
ioinon, Marcellus). -. ose oan nals cevsian se ess 215 | McDonald, M .-.........-....seeeeen0--2200 214
SEERA OM eee eris oa aicin nwa t heise pp7n| WlicHadyny NC IM eee n-co-d-ensseb ene oes eS
Hooper, William E., & Sons............. 97,100,102 | McFarlane, R....... 54, 56, 60, 61, 62, 68, 69, 87, 97, 98,
RSP RGOOU be aaasiniganala'n,5..24)- «28 odeisa aa 145 104, 127, 128, 149
PMT See acca aaa caan ae talen te wateds oa! | McGovern; Dass Bese seen eee 219
Pri anOVVCPA Gee essass ke abretb ved sass! G1O3 |) SLC enn ies Mies oements aa asec tae 182
Hate rentll.-.-sa55ca6sacaccacsedte tal tes | McLaughlin W: Bs. .c2s55 225. - 2020s eke 101
Howland, Capt. LW ..-.-.----.--.0..sc002.58,142 | McLeod, Rev. R. R........002-2.2--. 200-00. 1
Berle DECb rR Els< 2 c+ ccna caccctdekeode otk: Bot | me clenaimin se Cosce ns ceases aeons 146, 237
Mioy EBS Bcescesese 55, 56, 58, 116, 126
I. Mahrenholtz? Ws & Ar scsessccccdnceees cence 154
Ingalls, J. F ...--.--------+- +2022 eeeee reese 182) | Sirallorys Is Ds Se COsrssct sce edeeet een 140
Ingersoll, Ernest .-..-- ..----++++++++++++++- 50 | Manning Brothers............ fee ee 238
Ingraham, E., & Co...-------+--+++-+++2+++- 133 | PMansheld (GH. SCO sscosusss cece ce sceene 85, 86
Isaacs, A., & CO ...2--- +++ 200-2 eee ee renee 156, 157 | Martin; Capt: Sidiss222sss22scecsceneseesacee 57
a peti 199, 205, 906/207, 20g | “ents Jobn H.-.-..---------.2----- 2-2-2. 71
Jacoby, Master H.M.,U.S8.N .....-..------ 999 | Marvin Brothers & Bartlett.....-...-..-.- 158, 160
Sees Wallan Wo ee eet. 7, Maryland Packing Company .....--...-.--. 146
Jewell, Judge Harvey ............-------+-+- 35, 36 Massachusetts Humane Society......-..... 234
Jewett, Colonel. ... pee 15g Mather, Fred.................. 35, 186, 189, 202, 204,
John Russell Cutlery Company.....-.....---53, 54 c 207, 208, 216, 217, 218
Simmmaon é> Youne:-.----.22./22...200. 101, 114, 140 Mathew, G. P. ..---2+-++2++-2- es eeee ee eeee es 43
Ete lf A) 237 | ALCO WS OLS Wiesel ae aes season 106
Sede Prob iD, S-..2--0-0. 26-0. oc... bu iay, 1és-| Bevo, Hi, & Go ----.----.-..-...-.. 141, 143, 145, 146
K. | Merl eit i. Geren OO tts ole ae oem eeen 146
mperraard, HC. C0. s22 226-2 -sisecce ce 151 | Merchant, George.......-......-.2.2.0-- 97, 99, 100
eer y 165 CO. njnsscnenincse-d nat 145, 146,147 | Merchant, Louis...............---..-------. 140
eenned'y, ANGTOW.----- -2---ec-cennece- sue 91125 | MPer Chant, BUD soo open ciscsewnmess ainimicees 52, 95
TET eee eee eee on aoa einte le teane 68, 69,98 | Merrill, Dr. J.C...-..-.------+-2----- 2-222 8
EHR IRW 2 G5 CO). 222-2 02cecceccdeetca 238 | Merriman, IM eters siete aa elatar loiter 130
Penner Het: te ts oto ro fas eee 134, 163, 204 Meyer, Dr. H. A.......-.-.+...-.--2-------- 204
PRG DORE GS) Ao aincsaccsae cams omastdsactetas< ths 22,25 | Middleton, Carman’& Co: -...-.......-..-..- 29
Kilbourne & Goode --..22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30,34,35 | Milam, B.C....-....-.--..----------------+- 91
Rarby, Humphrey S .----sn0-2- sic secs 58, 59, 116 | Miles, George'W -.-------------------------- 162
Mer PMH Tt WOE A-scan ste coe cae snceee ot 25 | ANTALIS, Ni-P er SOD at olan alates fa! atpi pm Sete ral 235
a ae 191 | Milner, J. W. ...8, 32, 37, 38, 39, 115, 140, 165, 170, 171,
SS ea rr isan ois | 174, 178, 180, 182, 184, 189, 198, 208
TTT Ces cro ks Seth eciey phen dl ig) [wMnon, Wr. eft ec enema 1, 62, 63, 66, 87, 97
Mtr 2 Ae Re foie a\ Mobius war). - se aoe-ae ee ner saan eee 208
Banrtiireie ee BRITT ty 6,7 Morris, William -..-----------+--+-+-++++-+- 65, 103
ib, (Mivloses, \WalliamtB )- 2 ss2-25-02-0se essere 157
MEL VV oss mo) 2 asm /w' nin = aietota aimjefe Bh ale eiupst Lope | PMPoti Nits. Cibeas< sea cama dadden eee sae 153
SARIN AT GOEPIOS sso .cen eic oe stee'nes sou S74 107, Uo) | Ni ver. Bric Gen. As dso 20 aae<e<e-s =pe 231

DRrnPe WRI eset ert. ns acc ackeccece 24, 102, 104 | N.
Lawler, Joseph....-..- Regs ack tea ee oe aside’ | WRROEY OE 2e S202 29 aedscu inte aed eeees 98
MAE ys aces se es wert warded OB, O4d72a9. | MNasony Paes. saednset tad Osos ans eames 70
EMI G COLES Te oo 5 oon = oiniviaei nists slam 68 | Nautical Almanac Office ........-...---.... 233
Me WAN VW wk.., So LOS. ...-.2.5.ceacereess aa5 146 | ‘Navigation Bureau......-......------.----- 232
MAIACEITENOMAG =< 2 == oco= = 202 cdf oes <'F)- emaie a7 | Gitelson, CHresten <..< 2-te'.'aew! otal’ alae sea 127
aid HOT DOSUD- = 22 scccec0-5+sZowemeanes DOT | Balsa WOW assstterwree recon oe oe eae ee 196
BRTICETION Oc ccc acne sona> sete acweslch> soe BO), | MMe weomb <iedlits cases ers ot laelateate 6
Ljungman, Alex Vilhelm ...............---- 187 | New Haven Clock Company..--.----.------ 133
PMRUM DMN Graf = ance = fan = asc aeres «ut b<aece 167 | New London Fish-Spear Company ..--..--- 225

BME MON) = oecc0c 2c - asp on-n0000520-sh-9e _. 139 | New York, American Museum Natural His-

Palen tee. MDs AL. jee 22 Sct ee ects eoece selene 229 UI ater orctt tar Sonia atte oe 5
Gaymans Theodore: sass <>< 252 icse 00's doses 166,181 | New York Fish Commission. ....-..--- 219, 220, 221
PTO VVALHAT: 3225 aoc o ane se snciaasicce’s <6 121,122 | Nichols, tA: 2c chicane See eee eed aeaeae an 132
PieyTIDGies LOUGH... nse cee cnc cecscscssced 236,237 | Nickerson, Geo. Y.......---- 60, 61, 89, 148, 149, 150

262

INDEX.
Page Page.
IN GHEY UGS eRH Mae pore ae seqponascHaseccsoose 44 8.
Norris; Chaddens:.. 22. en. o-o- sees eee 136.221) | Salisbury? Sooccaseses=<s ene = ee nae we eaten ener 62
North American Oil Company..-.--..--.---- 1590} Sars serot Get Ole cee 188, 205, 206
Norwood, ©: & SONS. -cse esos ete se en 2eO | ALS; OSS oe ieleee ete a a tate ee le eee 188
O. Sartorias, Drees]. seeee asses ese eae 98
Oregon Packing Company..----.--.---------- -237 | Sawyer, B. As. -- 0222-0 0-020 seenne acon =
Ousood & Chapin. cnc. c soto eee 105 | Scammon, Charles M.....-...----.--------- 3, 187
Ostermoor, H.sDitsaec eee ee eee 127,131 | Schaeffer, Dr. E. M....-.----++--++-+++++-+- 6
Pp | Schayer Brothers------- osc ee = eelae 154
Packard, jri, Dra. S282 seer ae aseocesice cer 192 Bobi: fe Ae. Lan a oh Ans ve
Pacific Coast Packing Company 237, 238 pchuermann, Ce Wiese Senses aaa 2
toe 5 Semi eses hag as Schultz, Alexander....-------..--- 2222-222 187
Palmer, E .-.-..--.---.2------22-----+------ 68, 104 Schumacher ‘Paull 2o2222so-2424--2 26 eee 152
Palmers Georsetkaeeecsae tee aratee een e == 168) | igen ador Ni 'p Pte eee 6
le raidee dae Cesc ocococsecn ccecod soaconsennaS 217 ay : x ae Oe tt ar, dh ee 36:
iParmaleé:D: Dis) aosecacetecacee sone eee 101, 140 Se ae COG rn a ae :
Parsons, John sss scésceeccd ses awe 59, 70, 89 me Bee 00a oe al aaa
IPATSONS J OSOP Doyle sa aesiesisaeieiereo ae ele se = 132 coviles® doling?) 2s sa ae
: Scribner, Charles, & Sons .-...--22 2, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29,
Patterson, Carlile: Pe oo ono tetera 228 30, 34, 35
Payne, N. a BIC IE CIC TI AM CR SCA Ie aoe) ee Sellman, Henry eicw tic een we Sathe ee eee Oe 145,
Peabody, ecree He sseecadesn cst RETR 158, 159 Genneth Ge Bisc cco esse eee 65
IRGASEOSIAN Ooms eo esacaae ested aaeeee 167 Siveirsd: sAts coo... sodesee soe ee 150
Peck, L ee ene 235 Shatteryals vies Spee terse steam aaa roleta eleeteets 152
Peyrer, Carl-..-..--- areas ewaeeneewnl ete A01 | Qhavdlow)(DORCPH cae cn cnccecenn-n-0Sboee 148, 149
Philadelphia, Zoological society --o. tet. ot 2.| Shaw Bil'.....-ss-#.b.0f..'f Hse 213
Ebubrook & Paine Dep seats sates late Baraat pte SON Sh ary RES ee ee 19
Pickert, Bubtsr& Conse sesh ose eeeree cee 141 || Sheldon: By Li -#.cocscccec gseacde ae eee 180, 133
Pierce & Co Be wien om coca oan oe 128°} Strotwell: Jc. Bi secs«ceceeodseucoee tates 197
Pike, Hon. R.G......-- +--+ +222 2022-2222 +- 213 Shultz Belting Company.........----------- 155
PEA Z, eS UOT pee aeee eens een =e ee eee 160»)\ Ghutéet CE: & Son... 0a5-e- 4st e eee 106.
Pitman, J. Talbot. .....-----~---20--<\/..-2-- 1G? | Siebold’ Prof.C: Ths Hy iViee ese eee 191
EES OU re Po telat oleate eet ooe ete oa ° Signal Service, United States Army .---.--- 230
Poole & Hunt poses = saktk ae EES aa 142 Sigsbee, Lieut. Commander C. D.....-.....228, 229
Portland Packing Company...-...---...... LES; TAT | SiginnernD: Misz.2 252255 sore eee Tt
Potter, Charles We. 2 222-223 senee eens 102) | Slack Dir dH soso. 171, 178, 179, 190, 222
Potter & Wrightington. ...141, 143, 144, 145,146; 286 | Slote. D., & Co---:2:2-cecs-sec-s--s seen le 155-
Powel, 8... ..-..-- 2.222202 ee eee eee ee eee AODPLCE > Gravel AB oases eee 158, 159, 160, 164
OWLS, SoepOeNesee assess aves G2NCFEBSOT ANS || Sinidth: JiutKessoosoesssaa ss eee ee 186,
‘Presidentissmessaves. —-sss2e ce cee eto teee 138) | Smiths Greene ssss-ssee see eee eee 4;
‘Prior, William, jr:,, d& Cos a5 tees see 15: | Smiths ohn.sc.ccsnes-sescas see Ooe eee 236:
FE TOCLOY NO eee ceri elem ieeie= oe ee etree nee 145") ‘Smith Capt ohne Bes sees- seen eee 60:
Pryor, Jasper ...-.... 157, 158, 159, 160, L61;'162;-205. | (SmithaNny Ososcceecesestsss ae ee ee 101
Pnsey, & Jones Company, -..---2ae-s: <2 G4 21S) \ Si PAG li: aaa nG, seo eseeoee 169, 177, 182, 183:
Q. Smith, sWalliam=Messs225ssees==2 425s eee 92, 116
Quan Wan ceva Chas 25s basssescc ne qemiese~se= 236 | Smithsonian Institution.........---------- 6, 10, 11
R. Snow, Franklin, & Co....--..----: 141; 143, 144, 145
Rentrew,| GR, Gi COl seme cecceccesusehencee 298 1 JSnv ders William ss=25=sesseeee eee eee sere 143, 144
Revenue Bureau --.------ +--+ +--+ eee eee eee 229 Soluble Pacific Guano Company..----.----. 162
ticardo, GeOTEO. cawececee cee ne seu enue ose 217 | Soudakevicz, Theodore.....---..----------- 179
RCC THe jose jnn ee eee eae eae a ameeee elaine ae 202 Southwick, J. M. K. .-. 59, 65, 67, 68, 69, 70, 88, 92, 98,.
Rich Newell Becceseccccce nse ener ete 69 100, 101, 114, 119, 139, 166.
Ring Aiea Wines ceteeenee ens seeeneee 62, 68,70 | Spangler, George -.----..-.--.----------2--- 37°
Robbins WriUsB aeecessee sees saeer sees nee 15) -Starbuck-pAlexand ere ess= a. sees ee aaaeeeee 195.
Robinson; benjamin occ essen eeeeeeeeeenee 156) Starline Steven" e= os ses- essere ese e eee eee 107
TROD Y pnw is Gry CO)n einer cotncteetnniseate Jedscloie IDDM sStearns {Gilas ee eee eee eee eee 29, 36, 58, 156,
Rockwood; A. Pisces Succ ose pe eee sees HOOR Steed ane Gu Vies: seeeee seeeee aaa 38
Rodgers, Capt. John .<..22.-.-c- cheese ee GORGT 98a Steel:Georzevk-ce.-c-aeeee-saeee see eee 59)
MoOCDUCK COL cctaccos mec: ves oceans SOE 132) Stenzel eAdexandelcssceeeens seees- ee eee enee 180°
Roosevelt R. Bic<tess.ectsssec ses een see od) || SUL Wella iM S22 28 Sac wccieema teeter 34, 50, 178, 181
Rosenstein ‘Brothers: seuss. ss-6 sw ceee ese 1445146") Stimpson; Dr. Wi?.s.sss-ess--essseeeee= 48, 49, 153.
SROSS\AB ei o era re ce Se eyata =e meen seen ee ee OST Stoddard, daiUisedce ssescecceeet asceceeeee 114-
RowexCapt Hess ssos. tt See ee ae 52, 53,70 Stone, Livingston. - . .62, 98, 99, 112, 171, 173, 176, 177,
Ruckley, Charles: -<- 222-3: cssccacces-cne5e 161 178, 186, 189, 190, 196, 198, 202, 207, 216, 219, 220, 222:
Russia Cement Company ..............----. 1569) Stoners Hooper == =e sees eee eee eee 218.
LEGS Uo St aopodbocncod saeanassaceenne 100;104,'1427| (Struvy; Ri ic.o..sccccccacce sees sseeecenee -- 10h

INDEX. 263
Page. | Page.
Suckley, George. .-............- 61, 104, 147, 173, 174 W. Ss
Swan, J.G -.. ..59, 60, 61, 63, 65, 68, 69, 87, 89, 98,152, | Walker, Daniel ..-........0.....22.. 20.008. 115
155,161 | Wallace, John ............... Ped se eee eas 1
BramoyeAlred 22s - sos 5 ncesscecsec-sune aie | Waltman, Geo. 022 -- los sieacsns ete oee 236, 237 ©
Srna an eHEnry: 4225-2 24-s-see-5255--- ~~ TWS.)|* Ward) HA cs occu... ck eke eee 41
Remrieee TM ere Sesser eee eee ae ck. 192 Washington, Interior Department.......... 224
Washington, Navy Department .......-.... 234
Tt. | Washington, Smithsonian Institution... 5, 6, 10,11
pmALMTI He mcicninte n= a aan ma ceccs == 2-66 163. Washington, Treasury Department .-....... 294
arn Capt. dames ...-..-0-22+2ss--2---- see 68 Washington, War Department ............. 231
SEARS WV ONSON .. 5... 222-ncsecnenceas-----. eT) “Watson: We Ol .acsc22occcce 5s pa ice 191
Taunton (Mass.) Iron Works......-..-.-..-.. ISU SWiebb Capiz Peer y7.ssesses st ee eee 101
NOOR, ATONE ojos cane a ccsnedde sce: BOR Garo Weeaks!é Potteric:.2:s-css senses. see aeeee 162
barter, ASE) 2-2 ssscen co ceedeessse ese. - TOT “WielSher JH. Wiess cere coks cee eee 186
Senncniory DANGs Kane seen cea sen ss <2 <55-: di, |. Wierniché: Wandelis: 5-25.55. sete ee 154
SNe, 9., Oo SONA ene se seeen = seceee ses. - 133,135) Westerberger, Hrank:.<.2.s..se<-ess20) sees 149
Thomas, General George H..............--. 1495) Weston. Willian ves oe —oo eee ee 125
SRNR tere os cee ma woos = ssc ~ ens G8a\GWihinple: Wient.AcaWi-2 sae see ae eas 60
Seibrereares eg) ee ble 2 cee aciols= seca 5055 = «na wee DO) G2) | Eben sds Ist oad se teen ane eee 104
BRO Eee SODS ae ceri aac a ees st 131,132, Widengren, Hjalmar....... cee Se eee aetna 188
BPMMICRINOLUON. Bic sc- fo< case ccane sec. cee 177 —- Wilcox, Crittenden & Co. . .52, 53, 60, 62, 89; 98, 106,
Thurber, H. K. & F. B., & Co....143, 144, 145, 146, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120,
237, 238 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126
Ia MO SINS eee 2a in. ciacicl oe iw es oe = = DE HaWilkesy Cant. senctnnccsa senate fants 60, 68, 148
BEE le te a amin ianiosis se ines Seis oc eee ems 5 | Wilkes Exploring Expedition .............. 130
TIM CHOU os ae cecce sv csscacesesosccecs 250) Walliamse1. Bz, So 0M.- 2. ccs denees eens 155
PSMaEHUOU MUS ean. fee cos sssececee ees HOM? | Was tel oes s cack ces aoe ae eee 43
Semenee rn Clen) Mies noc. asec cc ecc ese POI OAe WOW LMOts SAINUGCL es 2. ee ote a 203
ate Sterns ya aco a odo ceccas sade 116: | Walson; diz deals S-, seces nave ceece meee neers 206
WaISOI, SU OaMNEL>. «cn. accmieneees cee cde pee
U. Winans. “Dhomass. joc. cscs secwceuee Sees 218
Underwood, William, & Co............ 145, 146, 147 | Wonson, William H., & Co............:---- 143
Underwood Belting Company .-......-.---- Loo) ) Woodbury. Ae ik 16s O0-<.20--osen ses 233 elon
Wnion Oyster Company...-....--......----- 235) fH VWiOOdbury HONEY EH,;65(0. ... s.<=seeaneeee 155
United States Exploring Expedition...-.-. 10368769") Werieht. Wsaneshin ese an sa. ccn paneer 217
United States National Museum ..........4,5,6,7 | Wyeth, John, & Brother ...............-..- 162
Vi: xX.
Ree ate WN notte lett weenie ale eile SoAGOu ean tnat dts cect Occ ee eee 152
SETTER ET Oy, Ae i oc fe occie Soncaciesmass 168, 169, 182
Reet te ote slate late eel ate ne ae aa 6 Y.
MEET ae 5s 0 sana ao od cae oad wae voces 207) | Yarrow, Dr. HH. ©. .cscc.2e 165, 171, 172, 177, 178, 179
Voss, Adolph ...... Deros,.00; 00;,80, 02 118125 141) Monnm. William i... 5. -oadecse acta ocee 69
DATE NIN iecin a sac Soa neciswccnweseaenaacae LTS WOT WV UL Lataa IN ME aca oral ete ta 65, 66, 71, 89

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