'/T H E
CABINET-MAKER
AND
UPHOLSTERER'S GUIDE;
r/
O R,
REPOSITORY OF DESIGNS
FOR EVERY ARTICLE OF
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE,
IN THE NEWEST AND MOST APPROVED TASTE:
DISPLAYING
A GREAT VARIETY OF PATTERNS FOR
Chairs
Stools
Sofas
Confidante
Du-chefle
Side Boards
Pedertals and VafeS
Cellercts
Knife- Cafes
Defk and Book-Cafes
Secretary and Book-Cafes
Library Cafes
Library Tables
Reading Defks
Chefts of Drawers
Urn Stands
Tea Caddies
Tea Trays
Card Tables
Pier Tables
Pembroke Tables
Tambour Tables
Drefling GlafTes
Drefling Tables and Drawers
Commodes
Rudd's Table
Bidets
Night Tables
Bafon Stands
Wardrobes
Pot Cupboards
Brackets
Hanging Shelves
Fire Screens
Beds
Field Beds
Sweep Tops for Ditto
Bed Pillars
Candle Stands
Lamps
Pier GlafTes
Terms for Bufts
Cornices for Library
Cafes, Wardrobes, &c. at large
Ornamented Tops for Pier Tables, Pembroke Tables, Commodes, &c. &c.
In the PLAINEST and moft ENRICHED STYLES; with a SCALE to each, and an EXPLANATION in LETTER PRESS.
ALSO
THE PLAN OF A ROOM,
SHEWING THE PROPER DISTRIBUTION OF THE FURNITURE.
The Whole exhibiting near THREE H U N D R E D different DESIGNS, engraved on ONE HUNDRED and TWENTY-EIGHT PLATES:
FROM DRAWINGS
By A. HE PPLE WHITE and Co. CABINET-MAKERS. THE THIRD EDITION, IMPROVED.
LONDON.
Publilhed by I. and J. T A Y L O R, at the ARCHITECTURAL LIBRARY, No. 56, HOLBORN, oppofue GREAT TURN-STILE.
MDCCXCJV. Re-printed, and Published by B. T. BATSB'ORD, 94, High Holborn, London.
MDCCCXCVII.
H5
PREFACE.
/ • ^O unite elegance and utility, and blend the ufeful with the agreeable, has ever been confidered a difficult, but an honour- able tafk. How far we have fucceeded in the following work it be- comes not us to fay, but rather to leave it, with all due deference, to the determination of the Public at large.
It may be allowable to fay, we have exerted our utmoft endeavours to produce a work which (hall be ufeful to the mechanic, and fervice- able to the gentleman. With this view, after having fixed upon fuch articles as were neceflary to a complete fuit of furniture, our judgment was called forth in felecting fuch patterns as were moft like- ly to be of general ufe — -in choofing fuch points of view as would fhew them moft diftinctly — and in exhibiting fuch fafhionS as were neceffary to anfwer the end propofed, and convey a juft idea of Eng- lifh tafte in furniture for houfes.
Englifh tafte and workmanfhip have, of late years, been much fought for by furrounding nations ; and the mutibility of all things^ but more efpecially of fafhions, has rendered the labours of our pre- deceffors in this line of little ufe : nay, at this day, they can only tend to miflead thofe Foreigners, who feek a knowledge of Englifh tafte in the various articles of houfehold furniture.
The fame reafon, in favour of this work, will apply alfo to many of our own Courtrymen and Artizans, whofe diftance from the- me- tropolis makes even an imperfect knowledge of its improvements ac- quired with much trouble and expence, Our labours will, we hope,
tend
PREFACE.
tend to remove this difficulty ; and as our idea of the ufeful was fuch articles as are generally ferviceable in genteel life, we flatter ourfelves the labour and pains we have beftowed on this work will not be con- fidered as time ufelefsly fpent.
To Refidents in London, though our drawings are all new, yet, as we defignedly followed the lateft or mod prevailing fafhion only, pur- pofely omitting fuch articles, whofe recommendation was mere no- velty, and perhaps a violation of all eftablifhed rule, the production of whim at the inftance of caprice, whofe appetite muft ever fuffer dif- appointment if any {imilar thing had been previoufly thought of; we fay, having regularly avoided thofe fancies, and fteadily adhered to fuch articles only as are of general ufe and fervice, one principal hope for favour and encouragement will be, in having combined near three hundred different patterns for furniture in fo fmall a fpace, and at fo fmall a price. In this inftance we hope for reward ; and though we lay no claim to extraordinary merit in our defigns, we flatter ourfelves they will be found ferviceable to young workmen in general, and occa- fionally to more experienced ones.
N
D
E X
TO
R
I
S.
Plates
1 /CHAIRS
2 ^ Ditto
3 Ditto
4 Ditto
5 Ditto
6 Ditto
7 Ditto
8 Ditto
9 Ditto 9*Ditto
10 Cabriole Chairs
11 Ditto
12 Chair-backs
13 Ditto
14 Hall Chairs
15 Saddle Cheek Chair
Gouty Stool
1 6 Stools
17 Ditto
1 8 Window Stools
19 Ditto
20 Ditto a i Sofa
22 Ditto
23 Ditto
24 Ditto
25 Ditto
26 Ditto
27 Confidante a8 Duchefie
29 Sideboard
30 Ditto
31 Ditto
Plates
32 Sideboard
33 Ditto
34 Ditto
35 and 36, Pedaftals and Vafes
37 Cellerets
38 Knife Cafes
39 Vafe Ditto
40*Defigns for Doors for Book Cafes, &c.
40 Defk and Book-Cafe
41 Ditto
42 Ditto
43 Secretary and Book-Cafe
44 Ditto
45 Library Cafe
46 Ditto
47 Ditto
48 Ditto
49 and 50, Library Tables
5 1 Reading Delks
52 Chefts of Drawers
53 Double Cheft of Drawers
54 Ditto
55 and 56 Urn Stands
57 and 58, Tea Caddies and Chefts
59 Tea Trays
60 Card Tables
6 1 Ornamented Tops for ditto
62 Pembroke Tables
63 Ornamented Tops for ditto
64 Pier Tables
65 Ditto
66 Ornamented Tops for ditto
b 67 Tambour
N
X.
Plates
67 Tambour Writing Table
68 Tambour Table
69 Ditto and Book-Cafe
70 and 71, Dreflmg Glafles
72 and 73, Ladies' Drefling Tables 74 and 75, Dreffing Drawers
76 Two Ditto
77 Commode Dreffing Table
78 Commode
78*Ornamented Tops for Dreffing Tables and Commodes
79 Rudd's Table
80 Shaving Tables
81 Bidet Shaving Table
Night Table
82 Night Tables
83 Bidet
Bafon Stand
84 Bafon Stands
85 Waidrobe
86 Ditto
87 Ditto
88 Ditto
89 Pot Cupboards
90 and 91, Brackets 52 Hanging Shelves
Plates
93 Pole Fire Screens
94 Houfe Fire Screens
95 Defign for a Bed
96 Ditto
97 Ditto
98 Ditto
99 Ditto
100 Ditto
101 Ditto
102 and 103, Field Beds
104 Sweep Tops for ditto
105 and jo6, Bed Pillars
107 Cornices for Beds and Windows
1 08 Ditto
109 Ditto
1 10 and j 1 1 , Candle Stands 1 1 2 Lamps
113, 114, 115, Girandoles 116,117, ii 8, Pier GlafTes 1 19, and 120, Terms for Bufts
1 2 1 Cornices at large
122 Cornices and Bafes at large
123 Sur-bafes at large
1 24 and 125, Plan of a Room, fhewing the
proper Diflribution of the Fur- niture.
THE
CABINET-MAKER
AND
UPHOLSTERER'S GUIDE,
CHAIRS.
' • ^ H E general dimension and proportion of chairs are as follow : •*• Width in front 20 inches, depth of the feat 17 inches, height of the feat frame 1 7 inches ; total height about 3 feet i inch,
Other dimeniions are frequently adapted according to the (ize of the room, or pleafure of the purchafer.
B Chairs
2 THE CABINET-MAKER
Chairs in general are made of mahogany, with the bars and frame funk in a hollow, or rifrng in a round projection, with a band or lift on the inner and outer edges. Many of thefe defigns are enriched with ornaments proper to be carved in mahogany as the defigns A B, plates 1,2, &c.
Mahogany chairs fhould have the feats of horfe hair, plain, ftriped, checquered, &c. at pleafure, or cans bottoms with cushions, the cafes of which fhould be covered with the fame as the curtains.
For chairs, a new and very elegant fafhion has arifen within thefe few years, of finiming them with painted or japanned work, which gives a rich and fplendid appearance to the minuter parts of the orna- ments, which are generally thrown in by the painter. Several of thefe defigns are particularly adapted to this ftyle, which allows a frame-work lefs maffy than is requifite for mahogany ; and by abort- ing the prevailing colour to the furniture and light of the room, af- fords opportunity, by the variety of grounds which may be intro- duced, to make the whole accord in harmony, with a pleafing and ftriking effecl to the eye. Japanned chairs fhould have cane bot- toms, with linen or cotton cafes over cumions to accord with the general hue of the chair.
Plate 9.* Two defigns for chairs with cane bottoms; thefe may be of mahogany or japanned, and fhould have cufhions of linen, leather, &c.
CHAIRS WITH STUFFED BACKS
ARE called cabriole chairs. The defigns E F plate 10 are of the neweft fafhion ; the arms to F, though much higher than ufual, have
been
AND UPHOLSTERER'S GUIDE, fifr. 3
been executed with good effedl for his Royal Highnefs the Prince of Wales. The defigns, plate 1 1 , are alfo quite new.
Plate 12, 13, exhibit twelve defigns for chair backs, proper to be executed in mahogany or japan ; fome of them applicable to the more elegant kind of chairs with backs and feats of red or blue mo- rocco leather, in thefe backs which are fometimes made a little cir- cular, are frequently inferted medallions, printed or painted on filk of the natural colours ; when the backs and feats are of leather they fliould be tied down with taffels of filk or thread as (hewn in fe- veral of the preceding defigns,
HALL CHAIRS.
PLATE 14 fnews three defigns for hall chairs, which are made all of wood, either carved or painted. The defigns with vafe backs are new, and have been much approved,
Plate 1 5 (hews a defign for a Saddle Cleck^ or eafy chair ; the con- ftruction and ufe of which is very apparent : they may be covered with leather, horfe-hair ; or have a linen cafe to fit over the canvafs ftufHng as is moft ufual and convenient.
On the fame plate is fhewn the mechanifm of a Gouty Stool \ the conftrudion of which, by being fo eafily raifed or lowered at either end, is particularly ufeful to the afflicted.
STOOLS.
4 THE CABINET-MAKER
STOOLS.
PLATES 1 6, 17, fhew four defigns for ftools ; the frame-work for which may be of mahogany, or japanned, as moft agreeable ; or to match the fuit of chairs, and of confequence fhould have the fame fort of covering. The defign O> plate 17, is proper for a dre fling or mufic ftool.
WINDOW STOOLS.
TWO defigns are {hewn on plate 18, proper for mahogany or ja- pan, covered with linen or cotton to match the chairs. Plate 19, two more defigns j the upper one is applicable to japan- work, with ftriped furniture ; the under one of mahogany, carved, with furniture of an elegant pattern feftooned in front, will produce a very pleafing ef- fect. Plate 20. Thefe two defigns are peculiarly adapted for an elegant drawing-room of japanned furniture ; the covering fhould he of taberray or morine, of a pea-green, or other light colour.
%
The fize of window ftools mufl be regulated by the flze of the place where they are to ftand ; their heights fhould not exceed the feats of the chairs.
SOFAS.
PLATES 21, 22, 23, 24, prefent four defigns for fofas ; the wood- work of which fhould be either mahogany or japanned, in accordance to the chairs ; the covering alfo muft be of the fame.
The dimenfions of fofas vary according to the fize of the room and pleafure of the purchafer. The following is the proportion in gene- ral
AND UPHOLSTERER'S GUIDE, &c. 5
ral ufe : length between 6 and 7 feet, depth about 30 inches, height of the feat frame 14 inches ; total height in the back 3 feet i inch.
Plate 2 5 fliews a defign for a fofa of the newefl famion ; the frame friould be japanned, with green on a white ground, and the edges gilt ; the covering of red Morocco leather.
Plate 26 is a defign for a bar-back fofa : this kind of fofa is of ma dern invention ; and the lightnefs of its appearance has procured it a favourable reception in the firft circles of fafhion. The pattern of the back muft match the chairs ; thefe alfo will regulate the fort of frame-work and covering.
CONFIDANTE.
THIS piece of furniture is of French origin, and is in pretty ge- neral requefl for large and fpacious fuits of apartments. An elegant drawing-room with modern furniture, is fcarce complete without a confidante : the extent of which may be about 9 feet, fubjecl to the fame regulations as fofas. This piece of furniture is fometimes fo confrrucled that the ends take away and leave a regular fofa: the ends may be ufcd as Barjier chairs.
DUCHESS E,
This piece of furniture alfo is derived from the French. Two Bar- jier chairs, of proper conftruclion, with a ftool in the middle, form the duchefTe, which is allotted to large and fpacious anti-rooms : the
covering may be various, as alfo the frame-work, and made from 6 to
( 8 feet long.
C The
6 THE CABINET-MAKER
The fluffing may be of the round manner as {hewn in the drawing or low-ftuffed, with a loofe fquab or bordered cufhion fitted to each part ; with a duplicate linen cover to cover the whole, or each part feparately. Confidantes, Sofas, and Chairs may be fluffed in the fame manner.
SIDEBOARDS.
THE great utility of this piece of furniture has procured it a very general reception ; and the conveniencies it affords render a dining- room incomplete without a fideboard. Of thofe with drawers, we have given two defigns ; the firft, on plate 29, (hews the internal con- ftrudtion and conveniencies of the drawers ; the right hand drawer has partitions for nine bottles, as friewn in the plan ; the partition is one inch and a half from the bottom ; behind this is a place for cloths or napkins the whole depth of the drawer.
The drawer on the left hand has two divifions, the hinder one lined with green cloth to hold plate, &c. under a cover ; the front one is lined with lead for the convenience of holding water to wafh glaffes, &c. — there muft be a valve-cock or plug at the bottom, to let off the dirty water ; and alfo in the other drawer, to change the water necef- fary to keep the wine, &c. cool ; or they may be made to take out. The long drawer in the middle is adapted for table linen, &c.
Plate 30 friews a different defign on the fame conftrudion. .
They are often made to fit into a recefs ; but the general cuftom is to make them from 5 and a half to 7 feet long, 3 feet high, from 28 to 32 inches wide.
Plates
AND UPHOSTERER's G U I D E, &c. 7
Plates 31, 32, 33, 34, are defigns for fideboards without drawers; the ornaments to the fronts of which may be carved, painted, or in- laid with various coloured woods.
PEDESTALS AND VASES
-i ARE much ufed in fpacious dining-rooms, where the laft-defcribed
kind of iideboards are chofen ; at each end of which they are placed. One pedeftal fcrves as a plate- warmer, being provided with racks and a ftand for a heater ; and is lined with ftrong tin ; the other pedeftal is ufed as a pot cupboard.
i
The vafes may be ufed to hold water for the ufe of the butler, or iced water for drinking, which is inclofed in an inner partition, the ice furrounding it ; or may be ufed as knife-cafes (fee plate 39), in which cafe they are made of wood, carved, painted, or inlaid 5 if ufed for water may be made of wood or of copper japanned. The height of the pedeftal is the fame as the fideboard, and 16 or 1 8 inches fquare ; the height of the vafe about 2 feet 3 inches.
CELLERETS,
CALLED alfo gardes de vin, are generally made of mahogany, and hooped with brafs hoops lacquered ; the inner part is divided with partitions, and lined with lead for bottles ; may be made of any (hape. Thefe are of general ufe where fideboards are without drawers ; the proportion may be known by applying the fcale.
KNIFE-
8 THE CABINET-MAKER
KNIFE-CASES.
THE univerfal utility of this piece of furniture renders a particular defcription not necefiary. Thofe on plate 38 may be made of ma- hogany inlaid, or of fatin, or other wood at pleafure.
Four defigns for Vafe knife-cafes are given on plate 39 : they are ufually made of fatin or other light-coloured wood, and may be placed at each end on the fideboards, or on a pedeftal ; the. knives, &c. fall into the body of the vafe, the top of which is kept up by a fmall fpring which is fixed to the ftem which fupports the top ; may be made of copper, painted and japanned.
DESK AND BOOK-CASE.
THIS article of furniture affords a great variety of patterns. The three defigns here given will fhew their general appearance.
Deflcs and book -cafes are ufually made of good mahogany ; the drawers and internal conveniencies admit of much variation. The defigns (hew three different ways of making them : the patterns of the book-cafe doors may alfo be very much varied. On plate 40 are (hewn four defigns for doors, which will apply to any of the following defigns. On the top, when ornamented, is placed be- tween a fcroll of foliage, a vafe, buft, or other ornament, which may. be of mahogany, or gilt, or of light-coloured wood.
The dimenfions of this article, will in general, be regulated by the height of the room, the place where it muft ftand, or the particular ufe to which it is dcftiaed. The following are the general propor- tions ;
AND UPHOLSTERER'S GUIDE, &c. 9
tions ; length 3 feet 6 inches, depth 2 2 inches, height of deflc 3 feet 2 inches, including 10 inches for the infide of the defk ; total height about fix feet ; depth of Book-cafe about 1 2 inches.
SECRETARY AND BOOK- CASES
HAVE the fame general ufe as the former article ; they differ in not being Hoped in front. The accommodations therefore for writing are produced by the face of the upper drawer falling down by means of a fpring and quadrant, which produces the fame ufefulnefs as the flap to a defk. To one defign are drawers — the other has doors, within which are fliding flielves for clothes, &c. like a wardrobe.
LIBRARY CASES.
PLATES 45, 46, 47, 48, fliew four different defigns for Library- cafes, which are ufually made of the fineft mahogany ; the doors of fine waved or curled wood. May be inlaid on the pannels, &c. with various coloured woods. The ornamental fafh bars are intended to be of metal, which painted of a light colour, or gilt, will produce a light pleafmg effed.
To each of thefe defigns, the drawer in the middle is intended for a fecretary drawer, with wardrobe flielves under.
Various proper defigns at large, for Cornices, Plinths, and Bafe Moulding^ for this and the two former articles, are given at the end of this book.
D The
J0 THE CABINET -MAKER
The dimenfions of this article will depend entirely upon the place where it muft ftand.
LIBRARY TABLES.
THREE defigns are given on Plates 49, 50, for Library Tables, which are generally made of mahogany, covered on the top with lea- ther or green cloth. Plate 49 fhews a front with cupboards for books, papers, &c. ; the other fide has drawers which run half-way back > the dimenfions in ufe are from 3 to 4 feet long, by 3 feet deep.
READING DESKS.
PLATE 51 fhews two different kinds of Reading Deiks ; the me- chanifm and ufe of which are clearly fhewn in the drawings. The defk may be raifed by means of the ftaff which flides in the flem, and is fixed by the forew at the top.
DRAWERS.
•
Chefs of Drawers. Two defigns are here fhewn for this article, which admits of little variation or ornament ; general dimenfions 3 feet 6 inches long, by 20 inches deep.
Double Che/Is of Drawers. Two defigns for thefe are here (hewn ; to the latter one is -given fluted pilaflers'at the angles ; thefe may have the fame depth as the former ones, and height 5 feet 6 inches.
\
URN
AND UPIIOSTEREIVs G U I D E, &c. 11
URN STANDS.
SIX defigns for this article arc here fhewn, with their plans and proper enrichments, vvliich may be inlaid of various coloured woods, or painted and varnifhed. The black line on the plan marks the flide, which draws out to fet the tea-pot on , their height may be about 26 inches.
TEA-CHESTS AND CADDIES.
FOR thefe articles fix defigns are here {hewn, with their plans. ,Thc ornaments may be inlaid with various coloured woods, or painted and varnifhed.
TEA TRAYS.
FOR Tea Trays a very great variety of patterns may be invented ; almoft any kind of ornament may be introduced. Several very good and proper defigns may be chofen from the various kind of inlaid table tops which are given in this book. Four defigns for this article are here fhewn with the inner borders. Tea Trays may be inlaid of various coloured woods, or painted and varnifhed. This is an article where much tafte and fancy may be fhewn.
TABLES.
TABLES are of various kinds, adapted to the feveral ufes for which they are intended : in general, Tables are made of the bcft mahogany. Their fize very various j but their height fhould not exceed 28 inches.
Card
J2 THE CABINET-MAKER
Card Tables may be either fquare, circular or oval : the inner part is lined with green cloth ; the fronts may be enriched with inlaid or painted ornaments ; the tops alfo admit of great elegance in the fame ftyles. Plate 61 fhews four defigns proper for inlaid or painted tops for Card Tables.
Pembroke Tables are the moft ufeful of this fpecies of furniture : they may be of various fhapes. The long fquare and oval are the moft fa- fhionable. Thefe articles admit of considerable elegance in the work- manmip and ornaments. The defigns on Plate 63 are proper for , inlaid, or painted and varnimed.
Pier Tables are become an article of much famion •, and not being applied to fuch general ufe as other Tables, admit, with great pro- priety, of much elegance and ornament. Four defigns for Pier Ta- bles are fhewn, with their proper ornaments ; and alfo four defigns for tops, which fhew as many various plans.
The height of Pier Tables varies from the general rule, as they are now univerfally made to fit the pier, and rife level with or above the dado of the room, nearly touching the ornaments of the glafs : if the latter, the top fits clofe to the wall.
Tambour Writing Table is a very convenient piece of furniture, an- fwering all the ufes of a deflc, with a much lighter appearance. Plate 67 mews a defign with two drawers, and the reids thrown back, Plate 68 is another defign, with four long drawers, with a flide to write on : the flap in which lifts up, and may be adjufted to any height by means of the foot or ftop behind.
Plate
AND UPHOSTERER's G U I D E, 6fr. I3
Plate 69 fliews a defign for one with a book-cafe on it ; the doors to which are intended to be made of, and ornamented with, metal frames ; thefe painted of a light, or various colours, produce a lively and pleafing effeft. The reeds are here drawn forward to {hew the appearance when fhut.
DRESSING APPARATUS,
Drsjfing G/ajfes. Four defigns are here (hewn of different plans ; the ornaments to which may be inlaid with various coloured woodsy or painted and varniftied.
Ladief Dr effing 'Tables. Four defigns, of various conftrucHonS and conveniencies, are here fhewn ; the partitions or apartments in which are adapted for combs, powders, effences, pin-cufhions, and other neceflary equipage. The glafles rife on hinges in the front, and are fupported by a foot, affixed in the back j may be made of mahogany or other inferior wood.
Dr 'effing Drawers. Plate 74 fnews a defign for this article ; the top drawer in which contains the neceffary dreffing equipage ; the others are applicable to common ufes.
Plate 75 is a defign for one with a Hide. Plate 76 fhews two more defigns, of different forms, in the fronts.
Plate 77 is a defign for one with a ferpentine front ; the drawers to which are elegantly ornamented with inlaid or painted work, which is applied with great beauty and elegance to this piece of furniture.
Some
14 THE CABINET-MAKER
Some made of fatin wood, with the ornaments of fuitable colours, have produced a moft pleafmg and agreeable effect.
Plate 78. Defign for a Commode, enriched with painted or in- laid work. This piece of furniture is adapted for a drawing-room ; within are {helves which anfwer the ufe of a clofet-or cupboard — may have one principal door in the front, or one -at each end ; are made of various fhapes , and being ufed in principal rooms, require confiderable elegance. The pannels may be of fatin wood, plain, or inlaid ; the top and alfo the border round the front, fhould be inlaid.
The tops to thefe two laft articles are frequently inriched with inlaid or painted work : three defigns for which are here given on Plate 78*.
Rudd's Table^ or Reflecting DreJ/ing Table. This is the moft com- plete dreffing table made, poffefTing every convenience which can be wanted, or mechanifm and ingenuity fupply. It derives its name from a once popular character, for whom it is reported it was firft invented. The middle drawer of this table flides by itfelf— — the two end drawers are framed to the flide A , and fatten at the catch B ; and when dif- engaged, each drawer fwings horizontally on a centre pin atC, and may be placed in any ftation as (hewn in the drawing. The glafTes turn upward, and are fupported by a fpring at the bottom of the qua- drant, which pufhed in, they- fall down and flide under with the two end drawers. They alfo fwing on the pins D D. E is a flide co- vered
AND UPHOLSTERERS GUIDE, &c. is
vered with green cloth for writing on ; F the bolt of the lock, which fhoots into the lower raiL
Shaving Tables. Two different kinds are here (hewn ; the tops of which turn over on each fide ; the glafs to each draws up in the back, and is fupported by a fpring flop ; the fituation of the glafs is regulat- ed by a foot in the back ; within the doors is a place for water bot- tles, &c. The drawer is defigned to hold napkins, &c. ; are made of mahogany.
Plate 8 r prefents a Dreffmg or Shaving Table, with the ufual conve- niencies ; and alfo a Bidet, which draws out and is fupported by half- legs : this is on a new conftru&ion, and has been much approved for its ufe and conveniencies,
The glafs to this or other fimilar piece of furniture maybe made with the face to turn inwards by means of a groove on each fide, in which runs a pin fixed to the top of the glafs, which, if run up the grooves, will throw the face of the glafs outwards. A foot may be fixed in the top of the table to regulate the fituation of the glafs.
Night Tables. Plate 81 fnews a defign for one, with a tambour front ; the feat of which draws out, and is fupported by half-legs : Two more defigns are given on Plate 82 of different conftrudtions.
Bidet Plate 83 fhews the form of a common Bidet.
Bafon Stands. A defign for a new one, Plate 83, on a triangular plan. This is a very ufeful fhape, as it ftands in a corner out of the way.
Plate
16 THE CABINET-MAKER
Plate 84 fliews three defigns for Bafon-flands of different conftruc- tions and various conveniences.
WARDROBES.
THIS is an article of confiderable confequence, as the conveni- encies experienced in their ufe make them a neceffary piece of furni- ture ; they are ufualty made plain, but of the befl mahogany. Plate 85 fhews a defign with three drawers. Plate 86. Here the doors are fhewn open, by which means the form and conveniences of the flid- ing-fhelves are plainly difcovered. Plates 87, 88, fliew a variation in two more defigns. The dimenfions may be 4 feet long, 22 inches deep, 5 feet 6 inches high or more.
POT-CUPBOARDS.
THREE defigns are here fhewn for pot-cupboards ; an article of much ufe in bed-chambers, counting-houfes, offices, &c. : the door in front fwings on hinges at the fide.
BRACKETS.
FOR Brackets here are fix defigns on Plates 90, 91. The open form of the three firft, marked A, is particularly applicable to place lights on. Some of very large dimenfions (6 or 7 feet high) have been made in this manner, for placing patent lamps on in the large fub- fcription room at Newmarket : thefe fKould be of burnifhed gold. The three on Plate 91 are better calculated for clocks, Bufts, &c.
Thefe may be of mahogany or gilt.
HANGING
AND UPHOLSTERER'S G U I D E, &c.
HANGING SHELVES.
TWO dcfigns, with different patterns for fret-work, are given. Thefe are often wanted as Book-Jhefoes in clofets or Ladies' rooms : they alfo arc adapted to place China on ; fhould be made of mahogany.
FIRE-SCREENS.
Pole Fire Screens are here reprefented in three defigns on Plate 93. The Screens may be ornamented varioufly, with maps, Chinefe figures, needle-work, &c. The fcreen is fufpended on the pole by means of a fpring in the eye, through which the pole goes j the feet of the two outer ones are loaded with lead to keep them fteady, may be made of mahogany, but more frequently of wood japanned.
Horfe Fire Screens. The frame-work to thefe rtiould be of maho- gany ; the fcreen may be covered with green filk, needle-work, &c. at pleafure. The fcreen flides in grooves in the inner fide of the uprights, and is fufpended by the weights, which are fhewn on the outfide ; and are connected to the fcreen by a line which pafTes over a pulley in the top of the frame.
The fcreen to the fecond defign is fufpended by a weight at the end of the ribbon, which runs over the top bar on one fide.
• BEDS.
ARE an article of much importance, as well on account of the great expence attending them, as the variety of fhapes, and the high
degree of elegance which may be (hewn in them.
p They
i8 THE CABINET-MAKER
They may be executed of almofl every fluff which the loom pro- duces. White dimity, plain or corded, is peculiarly applicable for the furniture, which, with a fringe with a gymp head, produces an efFed: of elegance and neatnefs truly agreeable
The Manchefter fluffs have been wrought into Bed- furniture with good fuccefs. Printed cottons and linens are alfo very fuitable ; the elegance and variety of patterns of which., afford as much fcope for tafle, elegance, and fimplicity, as the mofl lively fancy can wifh. In general, the lining to thefe kinds of furniture is a plain white cot- ton. To furniture of a dark pattern, a green filk lining may be ufed with a good effect From the defigns, Plate 98, we have been informed, a bed, with little variation, has been made of dove-colourap fatin curtains, with a lining of green filk.
In ftate-rooms, where a high degree of elegance and grandeur arc wanted, beds are frequently made of filk or fatin, figured or plain, alfo of velvet, with gold fringe, &c.
The Vallance to elegant beds fhould always be gathered full, which is called a Petticoat Vallance. The Cornices may be either of maho- gany carved, carved and gilt, or painted and japanned. The Orna- ments over the cornices may be in the fame manner j carved and gilt, or japanned, will produce the moft lively effect.
Arms, or other ornaments to Stuffed Head Boards, fhould be carved in fmall relief, gilt and buraifhed. The Pillars fhould be of of maho- gany, with the enrichments carved.
Plate 95. Defign for a Bed, The Vallance to this bed is tied up
in
AND UPHOLSTERER'S GUIDE, &c. 19
in fefloons. The Cornice of mahogany, may come fo low as to hide the curtain-rods.
Plate 96. To this defign the Cornice will look well japanned. The curtain to this bed is drawn up and fattened by lines at the head, or with a loop and button.
Plate 97. This defign has a fweep top : the ornaments and cornice may be of mahogany, or gilt. To this bed is added a fluffed head- board, with ornaments and drapery over it. The drapery may be the fame as the furniture or the lining : the ornaments gilt j the head- board is fluffed, and projects like as the back of a fofa. The addi- tion of fluffed head- boards gives an elegant and high fmifh to the appearance of beds. The curtains here are drawn up in double dra- pery, and faflened by lines at the head.
Plate 98. This defign has a Venetian or waggon top ; the orna- ments on which, with the cornice, may be japanned ; the pending ornaments under the cornice are intended to ad and ferve as a Val- lance ; may be either gilt or japanned. The bafes are enriched with feflooned drapery.
Plate 99. Defign for a Bed, with a low dome-top, and project- ing front. The cornice and ornaments to this defign mould be gilt. The arms to the head-board, if cut in low relief by a fkilful work- man, and gilt, will have a lively effecl.
Plate zoo. To this defign a dome-top is given : the inner part
of
20 THE CABINET-MAKER
of which may be in the Tame form ; the cornice and enrichments of gold burnifhed in parts. The curtains to this bed are feftooned by lines which draw at the head. This defign is proper for fatin or vel- vet furniture.
Plate 101. Defign for a bed with a fquare dome-top. The inner part in the fame manner. The cornice will look well japanned or gilt. The vallance to this bed is enriched with feftooned drapery. In this defign the effect of a fluffed head-board and drapery are com- pletely {hewn.
Field Beds. Two defigns are here given, which fliew the manner of hanging the furniture, and placing the ornaments.
Plate 104 {hews the various fweeps or Jhafes in which Field Bed- tops may be made.
Prefs Beds. Of thefe we have purpofely omitted to give any de- figns : their general appearance varying fo little from wardrobes, which piece of furniture they are intended to reprefent, that defigns for them were not neceffary. The Wardrobe, Plate 85, has all the appearance of a Prefs-Bed ; in which cafe the upper drawers would be only {ham, and form part of the door which may be made to turn up all in one piece, and form a tefter -y or may open in the middle, and fwing on each fide ; the under-drawer is ufeful to hold parts of the bed-furniture -? may be 5 feet 6 inches high, and 4 feet wide.
BED
AND UPHOLSTERER'S GUIDE, &c. 21
BED PILLARS.
PLATES 105, 1 06, contain eight different defigns for Bed Pillars. The feet to three defigns ; on Plate 106, are called Term Feet ; and are intended to be {hewn when the bed is complete, as in Plate
IOO, &C.
CORNICES FOR BEDS OR WINDOWS.
NINE defigns for Cornices, which are fuitable for Beds or Win- dows, are here fhewn : thefe may be executed in wood painted and japanned, or in gold. A mixture of thefe two manners produces an elegant and grand effecl:. The foliage may be gilt, and the ground- work painted : or, the reverfe, the defigns marked CFG are intend- ed to be all gilt — with parts matted and burnimed.
CANDLE STANDS.
THESE are very ufeful in large fuits of apartments, as the light may be placed in any part at pleafure — in drawing-rooms, in halls and on large flair-cafes, they are frequently ufed. Thefe defigns may be executed in mahogany or wood japanned. The branches to the de- figns, Plate no, fKould be of lacquered brafs.
G LAMPS.
22
T HE CABINET-MAKER
LAMPS.
FOUR defigns are here given, as neceflary to complete a fuit of fur- niture. The ornaments are of brafs-work — the fquare one may be wrought in mahogany.
GIRANDOLES.
THIS kind of ornament admits of great variety in pattern and in elegance : they are ufually executed of the beft carved work — gilt and burnimed in parts. They may be carved, and coloured fuitable to the room. The ftar in the defign, Plate 113, is intended to be of cut glafs, either white or coloured.
PIER GLASSES.
FOR GlafTes, a great variety of patterns may be invented. The frames to Glaffes are almoft invariably of good carved work, gilt and burnimed. Six defigns for fquare glaiTes are here fhewn, which is the fhape moft in fafhion at this time : they fhould be made nearly to fill the pier. Plate 1 1 8 contains two defigns for GlafTes of the neweft fafhion, proper to be placed over Chimney Pieces, Sofas, &c. they muft be fixed very low. The pannels of the fides are frequently made of various coloured glafs.
TERMS FOR BUSTS
ARE generally made of mahogany, with the ornaments carved ; their height muft be regulated by the fubjed they are intended to
fupport.
AND UPHOLSTERER'S G U I D E, £rV. 23
fupport. The height, for a Buft as large as life, is between 3 and 4 feet.
CORNICES, BASE, and SUR-BASE MOULDINGS
for Library-Cafes, Book-Cafes, Wardrobes, &c. at large
PLATE 121 contains feven defigns for Cornices at large, with a fcale to {hew the exact measurement of the feveral mouldings. In ge- neral, Cornices for thefe purpofes are wrought of all mahogany. We have known the ornaments in the frieze, inlaid with various co- loured woods, or painted, produce a good effecT:. Plate 122 contains four more defigns for Cornices, and fix Defigns for Bafe Mouldings. Plate 123 contains eleven defigns for Sur-bafe Mouldings.
Having gone through a complete feries or fuit of Houfehold Furniture, we were flrongly advifed to draw out a plan, which mould mew the manner of properly difpofing of the fame : with this intent, aided by the advice of fome experienced friends, we here mew, at one view, the necefTary and proper furniture for a Drawing-room, and alfo for a Dining-room or Par 'lour •, fubjecl: to the following variations :
If the object of this plan was a Drawing-room only — on each fide the chimney-piece there mould be a fofa, and on the oppofite fide, inftead of a fofa, mould be a confidante: the fide-board alfo mould be removed, and an elegant commode fubAituted in the place ; the re- maining fpace may be filled up with chairs.
For a Dining-room, inflead of the Pier-tables, mould be a fet of dining- tables : the reft of the furniture, and the general ordonnance of
the
24 THE CABINET-MAKER,^.
the room is equally proper, except the glafs over the fofa, which might be omitted : but this is mere opinion, many of the Dining Parlours of our firft nobility having full as much glafs as is here jQiewn.
The proper furniture for a Drawing-room, and for a Dining-room or Parlour, being thus pointed out, it remains only to obferve, that the general appearance of the latter fhould be plain and neat, while the former, being confidered as a State-room, {hould poffefs all the elegance embell aliments can give.
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