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Library op
/lNglo Saxon Poetry
tX<^>DUSANDDANIEL
H U N T
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Digitized by tine Internet Arciiive
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Iittp://www.arcliive.org/details/caedmonsexodusda02exoduoft
C^DMON'S
EXODUS AND DANIEL.
gjdttM fv0m (^xmx.
BY
THEODORE W. HUNT, Ph.D.,
PROFESSOR OF RHETORIC AND EXGLISH LANGUAGE IN PRINCETON COLLEGE.
THIRD EDITION.
BOSTON:
PUBLISHED BY GINN & COMPANY.
1888.
Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the yc:ir 1883, by
XnEODORE W. HUNT, in tlie Office of tbe Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
^\0D
J. 8. CusuiNG & Co., Printers, Boston.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGB
Pkeface 5
Introductions : — General.
I. Csedmon 7
II. The Paraphrase 8
1. Source of the Paraplirase ..... 8
2. Structure and Moral Character .... 8
3. Contents 10
4. Caedmon and Milton 10
Special. 1. Theme and Plan of Poems 13
2. State of the Text 13
3. Literary Character 14
Exodus: Text 17
Daniel: Text 37
Variants ^5
Bibliography 71
Glossakt "7
NOTE TO THIRD EDITION.
Long vowels and diplithongs are accented. The Notes, as given in preceding editions, wc omit, though we include their essential features in the Glossary. With the generous aid of Professor Harrison, the text has been, once again, thoroughly revised, on the basis of Grein, variant readings being also given. The Glossary, it will be seen, is greatly enlarged : especially, as to definitions, references to text, and quotations of characteristic passages.
In the revision of the Glossary, the editor has been much indebted
to Messrs. L. M. Harris and C. L. Crow, students in the University at
Lexington, Va.
T. W. H.
College of New .Jersey, November, 1887.
PREFACE.
OXE of the most urgent needs which the recent revival of in- terest in English Philology has brought to light is that of American editions of the best specimens of First English Prose and Poetry. So difficult of access and so expensive have the Ger- man, and even the English, editions been found, that the study of the oldest English has suffered not a little thereby. Nor is it altogether gratifying to the pride of an ingenuous American scholar to feel that he should be thus dependent upon foreign sources for the best results in this department. As far as the pub- lication of Middle English Texts is concerned, the main work has been done, and naturally so, by native English scholars, such as Sweet, Earle, Skeat, and INIorris, under the auspices of the Early English Text Society and kindred agencies. As to the work of what has been called, The Earliest English Text Society, most has been done by continental and English scholars. Such Danes and Germans as Rask, Bouterwek, and Grein, and such native English- men as Thorpe, Bosworth, Arnold, and Kemble, have been foremost in this arduous work. Up to a comparatively recent date, Ameri- can scholarship had made no contributions to this subject. What was attempted was rather in the line of the elementary than in that of the more advanced and critical. To Professor March of Easton is due the awakening of a genuine interest in all that per- tains to English speech, and, more especially, as to its first forms and uses. Since then, more or less of worthy work has been done at home by Corson, Carpenter, Cook, Shute, and others. To Professor Harrison, of Lexington, special meed is due in beginning the editing of the best Fu-st English Poetry. His recent edition of Beowulf, from the text of Heyne, marks a new departure in the critical study of our mother tongue. It opens the way for a complete series of
6 PItEFACE.
editions accessible in American forms, and at moderate cost. The present edition of Ca^dmon"s Exodus and Daniel is in the way of contribution to this needed work, and is designed, mainly, for use in college classes. There is no part of our oldest poetry as good as Ca?dmon which is so difficult of access in this country, and of which there is more immediate need. It is gratifying to state that Professors March, Baskervill, and others will take part in the series proposed.
Of the various texts of Caidmon, there are four which any editor must have on his table : Junius, Thorpe, Bouterwek, and Grein. Of these, the last is by far the most valuable, and we shall adopt it as the authoritative text, up to this date. AVe shall prefer to give Grein's text precisely as it stands in his Poesie, save that the hyphens between compounds have been omitted, and several errors that have crept into the text have been corrected.
We deeply regret that Wiilker's Revision of Grein, so long promised, is not yet completed. This will undoubtedly give us a text superior to any now extant; and, when it appears, may be used by the student in the way of helpful reference.
In addition to the text, with a brief outline of its separate sec- tions, we shall give a brief and yet sufficiently full glossary for the aid of the advanced student.
]\Iuch general introductory matter, such as the genuineness of the Paraphrase and kindred topics, we must omit as properly belonging to the editor of Genesis.
If the edition hereby offered aids a whit in the better study of our home speech, and deepens the interest already felt in a knowl- edge of its first forms, our final end will have been reached.
T. W. II.
Princeton College, October, 1887.
GEJSTEEAL INTEODUCTIO]^.
I. C.EDMON.
THIS " Father of English Song " appears m the earliest English history, and disappears from it, with but a fact here and there to fix his place and work. In the account of C?edmon given us by Alfred, in his translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History, there are found a few incidents and statements which serve to make up his only biogTaphy. It is suggestive to note, that this story in Bede reappears substantially in the Heliand, the Old Saxon Paraphrase of the ninth century. It may further be noted, that the fragment of song given us in this history is probably the mest ancient piece of Saxon poetry extant.
From this we leai'n the following facts : That he was a native of North unibria, near Whitby, and lived in the seventh century ; i» that he was a convert from Paganism, and a member of the Abbey of Hilda ; that he was English in heart and spiritual in life, sing- ing in his native tongue, and always for holy ends ; that he was a simple herdsman among his flocks, specially endowed in later life with the divine gift of poesy; that he wrote many poems; that he sang and prayed his life away in the love of God, and died in peaceful triumph about 680 a.d.
All we know of him is, that he was a pious monk, taught ofv God, full of song and Saxon spirit; and that out of the fulness of his heart, and for the common weal, he sang of Creation and of Christ. Such may be said to be the traditional account of Caedmon.
GENERAL INTKODUCTION.
II. THE PARAPHRASE. 1. Source of thk Paraphrase.
This poem by Cfedmon, as far as it is extant, is especially im- portant to English scholars in that it marks the very beginning A of Anglo-Saxon literature in the seventh century, its close being marked by the completion of the Chronicle in 1154.
As to its source, Bade and Alfred give us all that is to be given. In Thorpe's edition of Cfedmon we may find a sufliciently accurate translation of this narrative. If this is not accessible, it may be found in any good history of the Anglo-Saxons or in the Saxon text in ^larch's Reader. The substance of the record in a few words is, that he was an untaught herdsman, ignorant of poetry ; that, asleep among the cattle, he heard in his dreain a voice bid- ding liim sing; that, refusing, he was again commanded to sing the origin of things, and so began his song. At the request of the abbess, Hilda, he sang before all the learned, and turned into sweetest verse all that they taught him. Forsaking the woi'ldly life, he joined the monks and devoted himself to the work of the minstrel. In this simple maimer the origin of the Paraphrase and other poems has come down to later history. Such is the tradi- tional origin of tlie Paraphrase.
2. Its Metrical STRrcTCRE and Moral Character.
AVe find in Ca?dmon a good example of classic Saxon poetry, a specimen of the language on the basis of which successful study may be conducted. As to the versification, it is that which all our First English Poetiy has in common. We note the presence of alliteration, both of consonants and towels, and the uniform divi- sion of the line into two sections (lieinistichs), the caesura falling
GENERAL INTRODUCTION. 9
between them. We note but few examples of final and perfect rhyme. The prevailing type of verse is the narrative with fom- feet in each poetic section. The long narrative vei-se is less fre- quent. As to accent or syllables deterniiiiing the verse, we note the emphasis of the former, and this places our earliest poetry in harmony with our best modern poetry.
Centuries ago, Bede stated the principle still in force, that "rhythm depends on the sound and modulation, and not on an artificial government of the syllables."
It may be added that parallelisms, which so mark the structure of Hebrew verse, are a conspicuous feature of the poetry in ques- tion, while there is found the same prevalence of metaphor, indirect statement, inversion and abrupt transition that mark all our first poetrj'.
It is worthy of mention that Mr. Guest, in his English Rhytlims, speaks of the special skill with which Ca^dmon manages his metres.
As to its moral character, the Paraphrase speaks for itself. It is a free poetic rendering of Holy Writ to foster piety in the hearts of the people.
It was the first attempt in English verse to popularize the Bible, and thus places its author in line with the authors of the Old Saxon Heliand, with Orm, Dante, INlilton, and Klopstock, and with our own lamented Longfellow. The poem is spiritual throughout, and opens a question ill to solve, as to the presence in a converted pagan of such clear and high views of truth. It would be a study of no little interest to the student of theology to note the manner in which this "good monk of Whitby" paraphrases, in the seventh century, the Scriptural account of the fall of man and kindred doctrines.
There are reformers before the reformation, and Cfediiion pre- pares the way for the great work of Wicliff and his successors.
10 GENERAL INTRODUCTION.
3. COXTENTS OF PaRAPHRASK.
The Hymn and the Msion apart, there are: Book I., Genesis, 2935 lines; Exodns, 589 lines; Daniel, 705 lines. Book II., Christ and Satan, 73.3 lines. This second book is paraphrased from tlie New Testament, and is in every way inferior to the first. To these books some editoi's add, The Song of Azariah and The Son(f of the Three Children. According to Bede, the Para- phrase is but a part of Ctdmon's authorship. With regard to Caedmon and his Poems, modern criticism has modified tradition as follows : («) That no one of these poems can with certainty be ascribed to Ciedmon, though one of them. Genesis A, was probably based on his work. (/;) That the name, Csedmon, is applied to the poems, on the ground of convenience. See Wiilker's Grundrlss, pp. 11-1, 140.
4. C.KDMOX AND Milton.
The liistory of opinion on this subject is full of interest. As favoring a close relationship, we note the names of Turner, Nicholson, Thorpe, Conybeare, Southey, and Taine, while such cautious writers as March and Morley hesitate not to give this theory the benefit of the doubt. Mr. Disraeli, in his Amenities of Literature, devotes an entire chapter to the subject, and takes strong ground against the theory of literary relation. The final settlement of this question is impossible. The facts are too few to warrant it. Each author had access to the Bible, and to biblical and mythical traditions, and drew from these common sources. The coincidences are striking: each poem is, in a sense, a para- phrase of Scripture ; each is an epic and on the same theme ; each opens with the same scene, the fail of the angels, and proceeds in a somewhat similar inanner. As to Satan's rebellion prior to the creation of man, and his consignment witli the fallen angels to
GENERAL INTRODUCTION. 11
darkness and despair, they fully agree. The somxe whence they derived this tradition, Persian or Chaldean, must have been the same. Each poem points to the East as the place of origin, and many of the scenes and actors are the same. As to more specific resemblances, we may note the description of Satan and his fall ; of hell and heaven ; of Adam and Eve, and the speech of Satan to his rebel hosts. These coincidences, however, need not be regarded as proving identity or even actual imitation of plan. It is further to be noted that these similarities are found in C'ledmou's Genesis only, the subject-matter of the other portions being outside of Milton's purpose. Even in Genesis there is a large part taken up with the history of Abraham, a topic, also, apart from Milton's aim. Moreover, the Paraphrase is based upon the Apocrypha as well as on the Canonical Scriptures. This collection of books is not endorsed by the Puritan poet. A word in reference to the historical relation of these two poets is here essential. The MS. of Junius (1655) may have been accessible to Milton. Morley writes : " Milton knew Junius [Csedmon's first editor], and was interested in his studies.'" The objection by Disraeli, that the MS. was too precious to be loaned by Junius, is unworthy of notice. To the graver objection, that the poet could not have read it in Saxon, it may be said, that Milton was a careful .student of the earlier times. A few years before this he prepared a history of England up to the Xorman. Conquest, in which he makes reference to the old authors. It is known that he was an Oriental scholar, and thoroughly versed in the Modern European Tongues, including some knowledge of the Low Dutch, so akin to the Saxon. Under the English government, he was " secretary for foreign tongues." The argument here is, that it would not have been strange had such a linguist been able to read the Saxon of Junius. If not, the meaning could have been made known to him by Junius or Somner or others. By reason of the poet's blindness (1651), this was prob- ably the case. Between the edition of Junius (1655), and the
12 gi:ni:i;al iNtkoductiox.
finishing of Paradise Lost (l(3(il), there is a period of six years of possible reference to Caidnion. In fact, Milton's epic was not published till l(j(57, twelve years after Junius. The plausible theory, that a great poet cannot be indebted to his predecessors, is a mere hypothesis, and facts are against it. The England of Wilton had something to learn from Bede and Alfred. We add the suggestion, that, in an epic upon the fall of man, the strong presumptive evidence is that Milton consulted any existing epic upon a similar theme. A translation by Bosanquet (18G0) of the Miltonic portions of C?ednion into English Heroic Verse, is entitled "The Paradise Lost of Ca;dmon." "Without doubt," says Wiilker, "tlie (Jenesis of Cajdmon had made a deep impres- sion upon the religious poet."
SPECIAL mTEODUCTION.
1. Theme and Plan of the Poems.
THE subject of Exodus is, The Departure of Israel from Egypt, theii- Sojourn under Moses in the Wilderness, and their Pas- sage through the Red Sea to the Land of Promise. Of the forty chapters of Exodus given by Moses, C?edmon paraphrases but a few, and even here the poet follows the sacred narrative much less closely than in Daniel. As far as the authoritative text is concerned, the first fifteen chapters of the history may be said to be the only ones referred to by the author. He dismisses the subject as the people stand upon the farther shore of the Red Sea with the prom- ised land before them. It is also noticeable that incidents and facts are introduced which are not found in the biblical record, such as the precise order of march through the Red Sea, the special valor of the warlike bands selected to oppose Pharaoh, and many minute statements as to the pillar of cloud and of fire. The subject of Daniel is. The Deliverance of the Three Hebrews from the Fiery Furnace. The poet takes the record, as in Exodus, from the Old Testament, giving a faithful paraphrase of the first five chapters of the Book of Daniel. For the sake of clearness, the first of these poems may be divided, as in Grein, into eight sections, and the second, into five. The topics of the respective sections will best be given in connection with the text.
2. State of the Text. In common with other parts of Crednion, and nearly all our earliest writers, the text is more or less unsatisfactory. Among
ren iiess
14 SPECIAL INTRODUCTIOX.
the eight sections of Exodus lliere is one (VI.) that seems to liave been bodily interpohited, while in the third section of Daniel there is a very loose paraphrase of Azarias as given in The Codex Exoniensis, or Exeter Book. The addition of single words and lines is very common, as also their omission. In the best editions, there are several textual gaps which the editors do not pretend to supply. In many other places no one can be dogmatic as to the idering. Despite these facts, however, the substantial correct- aud unity of Exodus and Daniel are preserved.
;}. LiTERAUY ChaKACTKU.
The cast of the poems is lyrical as well as epic. IMoses and Pharaoh, Daniel, Nebuchadnezzar, Belshazzar, and the Hebrew children are the prominent figures, while the praises of Jehovah and his servants are sung in fervid strain. They afford one of the best examples in our literature of the combination of the narrative style proper to the epic, with the freer descriptive style of impas- sioned verse. Where they lack in smoothness of historical order they abound in imaginative sketching of persons and scenes. Some of the descriptions are as bold and vivid as those of Beowulf, "the Saxon Homer." In this respect they surpass Genesis, and have always been regarded as poems of rare interest, especially characteristic of early Teutonic literature. They are in the department of the sacred epic what Beowulf is in the historico- mythical epic, marked by the old Gothic dash and daring.
Their influence is stimulating. They stir the blood. They are a bold testimony by a converted pagan to the power of Jehovah on behalf of his oppressed people. We think, as we read them, of the most stirring battle songs of the Bible, and of secular letters. They have the same martial spirit. It is for reasons such as these that we have deemed it wise to place these poems m reach of American students. It is hoped that they will aid in the critical study of First English, and infuse into the modern Teuton some- thing of that Saxon vigor to which he has rightful heirship.
EXODUS AND DANIEL.
EXODUS.
Reference to the Lcavs of 3foses. — Piaise of 3Toses. — His relation to Pharaoh. — GocVs trords to Moses as to the creation. — God's visitation upon Egypt. — Spoiling of the Egyptians and rescue of Israel. — The first encampment. — Continuance of the march. — Encampment at Etham.
Hwaet ! we t'eor and neah gefrigeii hahbaj' ofer micldangeard Moj'ses domas wrteclico wordriht wera cu^orissum, iu uproder eadigra gehwam '^
5 aeftei- bealusipe bote lifes,
lifgendra gehwam laugsumne r;td hselejnira secgan ; gehyre se j'e wille ! pone on westenue weroda drihten sdjjfsest cjming mid his sylfes miht 10 gewyrpode and him wundra fela , ece^alwalda in itht forgeaf. He vv£es l^f gode, l^oda aldor, Ay-^ — horse and hrej'ergleliw herges wisa, freom folctoga. Faraones cyu 15 godes andsacan gyrdwite band, ]>^v him gesealde sigora waldend modgum magoi;%swau his niiiga feorh, onwist el>les Abrahames siinnm.
Note : In printing the text, it has been thought best to use, uni- formly, Jj instead of the double letters \> and S.
18 EXODUS. [l!)-53
IliQih wu's lii't liaiKlkQui and him liolil frcQi 20 gcscalde ■\v;ei)na gevveald wi|) wra|iia gryre :
ofercOm mid )\y canipe cnt^mfiga fela,
fi^)iula folcribt. pA wjt^s forma si|),
J)a't hiue weroda god wordum na'gde,
]wr he him gesa^gde s6|'wuiidra foUi, 2o hA I'as vvomld worlite witig drihten,
corj)aii ymbhw^'rft and uprodor
gesettc sigerice, and his sylfes nanian,
J'one yldo beam ;er ne ffi)'on,
frdd fiedera cyn, peah hie feUi wiston. 30 Haefde he j'a gesvvij;ed s6|nim crteftum
and gewurpodue werodes aldor
Faraoues f^nd on forj'wegas,
j'A wjes iugere ealdum witnm
d(ra})e gedrenced drihtfolca miest : 35 hordwearda hr^ue h^af wffis geniwad,
swiefon seledrtOimas since berofene ;
hffifde niAuscealan set middere niht
fr^cne gefylled, frumbearna fela,
Tibrocene burhweardas : bana wide scrdj', 40 lfi|) l(^odhata. Land drysrayde
deadra hni'wum : dugoj) for)> ge\v;\t,
w6p wses wide, wonikUhe'ama lyt !
wa,'ron hleahtorsmij'um haiida belocene,
Alyfed hUlsil) IcAxle gretan, 45 folc ferende : ftTond waes bercTafod,
liergas on helle. H(fofon |iider beccm,
druron d(0>folgyld. D^eg wses m:ere
ofer iniddangeard, )'a sdb mcngeo for,
swfi I'jes fiesten drdtili fela missera 50 ealdwerige Egypta folc,
J'aes })e hie widefer]> wyrnan );6hton
Moyses mAgum, gif hie raetod lete,
onlangne lust Idbl'es si):es.
54-79] EXODUS. 19
Fyrd wfes gefysed, from se |'e hudde 55 modig magor^swa nut'gbuih heora.
Oferfor he mid ))y folce faestena worn
laud and l^odweard lapra manna,
enge anpaj'as, uncil]' geldd,
6j) ])8et hie on Gft)'myrce gearwe b^rou ; CO Wct-ron land heora lyfthelme bepeahl,
mearchofu morheald : Moyses ofer ]>&
fela meoringa fyrde gehedde.
Heht ])^ ymb twA uiht tirftBstne hiele]',
sil'pan hie fdbndum dj^faren httjfdon, 65 yrabwicigean werodes bearhtmfi
mid aelfere ethanes byrig
maegnes msest^ ^earclondum on.
II.
The protection of the people by Jehovah. — The third encamp- ment. — The pillar of cloud and of fire. — The joyful breaking of camp. — The heavenly beacon. — The approach to the sea. — Encampment at the Red Sea.
Nearwe gene)'dou on uorpwegas,
wiston him be sftpan Sigelwara land, 70 forboerued burhhleo|ni, brfme Itfode
hAtum heofoncdlum. pter halig god
wip fffirbryne folc gescylde,
biBlcfi oferbrttdde byrnendne heofon,
hAlgan nette h^twendne lyft. 75 Iljefde wederwolcen widum f}B|)mum
eorl'an and uprodor efne gedteled,
l^dde Idbdwerod : ligfjr Tidrane
hat heofoiitorlit. Htele]) wafedon,
drilita gedrfmost. Djiegscealdes \\\<k>
20 EXODl'S. [80-114
80 wand ufor wolcmim : lia'Tdo witig god
siiiinan si])f{et sogle ofertoldon,
swa I A m.-vstriipas men nc cft]ion
ne |;a seglr6de gescfoii meahton
eorphflende eall6 crseftfi, 85 lift Afiiestnod wres feldhftsa mjifest.
Si|'|)aii lie mid wuldre geweorj'ode
I't^denliolde, ))& w£es I'ridda wic
folce to fiofre : fyrd call geseah,
M I'&v hlifedon lu\lige seglas, 90 lyftwundor M)ht ; lifode ougeton,
diigoj) Israliela, j'fEt ]>&v drihten cw6m,
weroda drihten, wlcsteal metan.
Him befoian f6ran Kr and wolcen
in bcorlitrodor, belimas twegen, 95 I .^ra ieghw8e))er efnged.elde
liAlipegiiunga liAliges gfistes
d(H)rm6dia si|) dagum and nihtura.
pA ic on morgen gefnegn m6des rdfan
hebban heiebvman hlftdan stefnum, 100 wuldres woman. Werod eall drAs,
modigra masgen, swA him ]Mo3'ses behead
mjere magoneswa metoiles folce,
ffts fyrdgetnim : for,' gesiiwon
lifes iritl;A>w liftweg metan. 105 Segl sije w(^ld, siemen tefter
foron flAdweg6 ; folc wass on sAlnra,
hlfid herges cyrm. IleofonlxTacen dstdh
sefena gehwam : 6l'er wnndor
syllie a'fter sunnan setlrAde beht^old 110 ofer 1(^x1 wernm lige scinan,
byrnende bt^ani. IJlaee stddon
ofer sc^tendum scire legman,
scinon scyldhr(^)I)an, sceado swiliredon :
neowle nihtscuwan nelih ne niihtnn
115-141] EXODUS. 21
115 lieolstor Ahydau. Heofoncandel bam :
niwe nihtweard 113'de sceolde «
wician ofer weredum, py Ises him w^stengryre
hdr hxp holmegum wedrnm
6 ferclamrae ferlij' getwtfefde. 120 Haefde foregeDga fyrene loccas,
bh\ce be'amas, bielegsan hwdbp
jam herej'reate, hdtau lige,
};ait he on westenne werod forbi\?rnde,
nymfe hie mddhwate Moyses hyrde. 125 Scedn scir werod, scyldas lixton ;
gesavvon randwigan rihtre stntte
segn ofer swc^otum, 6]) Jret si^fsesten
landes ret ende l^dinregne forst6d,
ffts on for))weg. P'yrdwic Ariis, 130 wyrpton hie w6rige ; wiste geniegdon
m6dige mete) egnas hyra ma?geu be tan.
Brieddon refter beorgum, sipl'an byme sang,
flotan feldhusum : ]^Ci wres f^or] e wic
randwigena rtest be pam re'adan s^.
III.
Fear of Pharaoh in pursuit. — Sins of Egypt. — Pursuit by Pharaoh and his host. — Increasing terror of the people. — Preparatio7i for battle.
135 paer on fyrd hyra fi^rspell becw6m,
6ht iulende : egsau st6dau,
wffilgryre weroda. Wrtvemon gebM
lA,))ne lastweard, se ])e him lange xr
ej^ell^asum 6ht-nied gescrAf , 140 -we'an witnm ftest : wt^re ne gymdon,
]ehh ;e se yldra cyning ^r ge [ti]ode],
22 EXODT^S. [142-170
|>:'i [lit}] woiirj) yrfcwcard iiigefolca
manna aefter nitllimum, jaet he swd miceles gelnlh :
ealles )cvs forgeton, sil>))an grame wurdon 145 Egypta cyn ynib andwig,
\>A h^ his nuegwinum nior))Oi- fremedon,
wr6ht berenodon, wjere fnetou.
Wivron heajowylmas heortan getenge,
niihtniod wera niriniun trt^^wum : 1")0 woldou hie ]^iXit feorhk^in fAcne gykhm,
liiL'tte ho ])iet dix^gweorc (U't^)re gebohte,
Moyses k^)de, Jwr him mihtig god
on ))am spildsi|>e spede forg^^fe.
pa him eorla m6d ortrvwe wear]', 1."),") sil'l'an hie gesAwon of sA))wegura
fyrd Faraones for]' ongangan,
ofeiholt wegan, iQ^red Hxan,
])(lfas J)unian, ]'t^)d mearc tredau :
gfiras trymedon, gfi)) hweavfode, IGO blicon l)oi-dhrd()|'an, Inman sungon.
On hwa?l hrt^pon herefiigolas
hilde grji'dige ; [hrivfen gul]
detiwigfej'ere ofer drihtnfium,
wonn wivle(Qisega. AVulfas sungon IC.'j atol :efenk^>)) :etes on wenan,
carlt^san dcfor, cwyldruf bc^xlan
on lapva lAst Idbdma^gnes fyll,
hrA>pon mearcweardas middum nihtum :
flelih fiege gAst, folc w.'es gensvged. 170 Hwilum of )'ara werode wlanee pegnas
mteton milpapas meara b6giim.
Him J'ier sigecyning wi|» j'one segn foran
manna pengel mearcjn-eiite rAd ;
gftl»weard gumeua grimhelra gespdim IT'j cining cinberge (cumbol lixton)
wiges on wenum, wselhlencan sce6e,
177-207] EXODUS. 23
heht his hereciste healdan georne
fjest fyrdgetrum. F(^ond onsegon
h\]'mn eagum landmanna cyme. 180 Ymb hiue wi^goii wigend unforhte,
hru-e heorowulfas hilde gretton
|)iirstige ju-flecwtges ) (A)denholde.
Htefde him i\lesen l^>da dugej'e
tireadigra twtl |)ftsendo, 185 ))jet witron cyningas and cndi)wm&gas,
on )'fet eade riht fel;ehim ddbre ;
for))on ftnra gehwilc ut illctddc
wiepnedcynues wigan ivghwilcne,
fAra )'e he on ] am fyrste findan mihte. 190 W&ron inge men ealle a?tgnedere
cyningas on corpre : cfi|;ost gebead
horn on helipe, to hwa?s hoegstealdmen
gftplnelit guraena gearwe bieron.
Swfi Jijvr eorp werod ecan htddon 195 Up sefter hl|unn l(^)dmiegnes worn
jjAsendmieUim, ])ider wieron ffise :
h.iefdon hie gemynted t6 ];am miegeuhe'apum
16 )'am JtrdcTege Israliela cynn
biUum :\brt^)tan on hyra brdjiorgykl. 200 For])on w-'es on wicum w6p up fthafen,
atol iefenl«fo|>. Egesan st6don,
weredon wffihiet, ]-X se woma c\v6m,
flugon frecne spel : f^ond w.-es anm6d,
werud vises wigbMc, 6|) J'a^t wLance forsc^af 205 mihtig engel, se ]>Ci menigeo behdbkl,
[jet ]'XY ge\h\ie mid him leng ne mihton
ges^n t6somne : si|) wfes ged^led.
24 EXODUS. [208-230
IV.
lleneiced fear and fmiher j)reparation. — Description of the host under Moses.
Hccfde nydfara nihtlangne fyrst,
] I'lih 1 e him ou htnilfa gchvvain hetteud seomedon, 210 uuvgen ol'je nierestreiini : nilliton m^ran hwyrft,
wiiTon orweuau ejjelrihtes,
s^toii aifter beorgum in biricum rt^afuin
w^m on weiinm. Wa^eceude bfid
eall sdb sibgediiht somod Jt'tganlere 215 mfiran niffigenes, 6)) Moyses bebdad
eorlas on uhtttd Arnuni b6nium
folc somnigean, frecan {Irisan
habban heora hleucan, hycgan ou ellen,
beran beoilit searo, bcQxcninn eigean 220 swdbt sande near : sneile gemundon
vveardas wigUAj)). Wciod wffis gefysed :
brudon ofer beorgum (byman geh.yrdou)
flotau feldhasum. Fyrd wiies on Mate,
sij)})an hie getealdon wi|) ])am t(^>nhete 225 on ))am forpherge fepan twelfe «r m6de rdfa ; mjiegen w.'es onhrfired.
Wjes on Anra gehwam a}J)eles cynues
tXlesen under lindum l(^)da dngn))C
on folcgetel fiftig cista ; 230 hflefde cista gehwile cftpes werodes
gArberendra gft|>fremmendra
tynhund geteled tirc%digra.
pffit waes wlglic werod : wAce ne gretton
in ))JEt rincgetffil neswan herges, 235 1 A ) e for ge'bgu);e gyt ne mihton '
under Ijordhr^j'au brdbstnet wera
237-261] EXODUS. 25
wi|> fldue f^oud folmum werigean
ue him bealu beuue gebiden hasfdon
ofer liude k^ig, licwunde swor, 240 gylpplegan gdres. Garaele ne m6stou
hare heaporincas hilde on];^n,
gif him m6dheapum mnegen swi] rade :
ac hie be wj^stmura wig curon,
hfi in l^dscipe Itestau wolde 245 m6d mid iirau, e'ae ]>a.n m<\?gnes one ft
[gegAn raihte] gArbe'ames feng.
ptl woes handr6fra here .netga?dere
Ms forjnvegas. Fana up-rdd, •
belima beorhtest : bidon ealle ]ni gen, 250 hwonne sipboda Si'estre'amum nelih
l^ht ofer liudum lyftedoras bra?c.
The harangue of Moses to the host. — Charge to be courc — Assurance of God's help. — Dividing of the waters by Moses. — The risirig of the host. — Entrance on the sea path. — The march over the sea by tribes. — Descripjtion of tribes. — Jt(dah, Reuben, and. Simeon.
Ahl^p )'d for hffilejmm hildecalla,
beald b(^thata, bord up ah6f,
heht ^k folctogan fyrde gestillau, 255 ])enden modiges me];el monige gelwrdon.
Wolde reordigean rices hj'rde
ofer liereciste hiilgan ste^ne ;
werodes wisa wnrpmyudum sprrec :
" Ne b^)' ge |>y forlitrau, |;e'ah ])e Faraon brohte 2G0 sweordwigendra side hergas,
eorla unrim ! Him eallum wile
26 KXODUS. [202-296
luililig- drihton ))urh mine hand
i6 da'ge Jussum diedl(Ain oyfan,
I'ivt hie liligcMide leug no ni6toii 265 aegnian mid yrm])um Israhela C3'n.
Ne willa]> dbw ondn^dan de'ade fe|;an
fa^ge ferhl)locaii ! fyrst is vet ende
henes lifes. Eow is h\r godes
ri-l)v6den of brc^)stum : ic on beteran la'd, '. 270 ))a»t gt' gewiirj ien wnldres aider
and t^)\v litTii^an listJa bidde,
sigora gesynto, ]>Sir ge st|)ien !
pis is se ecea Abrahames god,
frumsceafta frea, se ) t'ls fyrd were]' 27") m6dig and nuvgenr6f mid I'a're miclan hand."
H6f ]'A for hergnm lihldc stefne
lifigondra 1(^x1, j'li he tO h^xUmi spra^c :
" Hwa't ! ge nu tQignin to on hjciaj),
folca l^fost, fierwundra sura, 280 M ic sylfa sl6h and | A)s swi}'re hand
grene tAne gfirsecgcs d^)[) :
y]> up fa're)', 6fstum wyrce))
waiter arid wealfoesten. Wegas syndon dryge,
haswe herestritta, hohn gerymed, 285 ealde stajolas, ]Ci ic an- ne gefra?gn
ofer middangeard men geferan,
famge feklas, jA for)) heonon
iu eee y] e Jeahton,
sicUle siegrundas : s(l|)wind fornam 290 baefweges bhest, brim is Ar^ifod,
sand siecir spAw. Ic wftt s6|) gere,
})aet ^)w niihtig god miltse gecyfcle,
eorlas, ierglfide ! 6fest is solost,
]vet ge of ft^^nda fsej^me weorfen, 295 nu se Agend up Araerde
r^ade str^amas iu randgebeorb ;
297-331] EXODUS,
syuclon ]:i\ foreweallas faegre gestepte wraetlicu wtegfaru 6)» wolcna lirof." ^ftor ]km worclum werod eall dnts,
300 mdcligra miegen : mere stille bM. H6fou hereeyste liwite linde, segnas on sande. Sj^weall dstah, nplaug gestod wip Israhelum ruida?gue fyrst ; wfes sA) eorla gedribt
305 lines m6des : [y|)a weall]
fjijstum ffEl-miim freo] owitre ht^jld. Nalles hige geh3r(v)dou lialiges lare sijjpau Idbfes \^]> Iteste nelir sweg swi):rode and sauges bla,nd.
310 pA pc-et ftTor] e eyn fyrmest e^de,
\v6d ou wttgstre'am, wigaii ou helipe,
ofer grenne grand : Jndisc fe|'a
du on-orette uncuj' gelftd
for his rai^gwiuum, swti him mihtig god
315 ]){es dffigweorces d^op le'an forgeald, si))))au him gesielde sigorworca hrej', ])ist he ealdord6m ageu sceolde ofer cynericu, cnc^wniAga bhed. Hfefdon him to segue, ]'& hie on siind stigon,
320 ofer bordlircn^)} an belicen Anvred in I am gjirheixpe gyldeune leon, drihtfolca nuest d^ra cenost : be ]'am herewisan hynjo ne woldon be him lifigendum lange ]-olian,
325 joune hie t6 gfi);e girwudu rierdon, }>dbda i'enigre. pracu woes on 6re, heard handplega, hoegsteald m6dige wtvpna wivlsUhtes, wigend unforhte, bilswajm blddige, beadumtegnes r&s,
330 grirahelma gegrind, ]reev Judas f6r. -^fter ftere fyrde flota m(5dgndo,
28 Exonrs. [332-oui
Ivubcuos suiui : raiuiiis liaToii
sjt'wiciiige ofer setiltne mersc,
iiitiii inenio, micel Angetrum S'M) (A)de uuforht. He his ealdorclrtm
syunura ilswefede, ])aet lit' si);or f6r
on l(A)fes Idst : him on l^dsceare
frnnibearnes riht frt^)br6j'or 6]') ah,
w\d and ne;;elo ; h6 wjcs earn swa );eah. ;540 JljiT [foiyj •xUev him folca ju-y) um
siinu Simeoues swA)tum e6mon,
JinddeJ^^xl^^ : ) ftfas wundon
ofer gdrfare, gft| cvst oul'rang
dc^wig sceaftum. DsegvvAma becwdm 345 ofer gilrsecges [begong], godes bcH^icna sum,
rnorgen nijeretorht. Miiegpn for|) gewfit,
])& yX'i- folemsegen f6r a'fter 6j)vum :
iseruhergum An wisode
iTiaegen))r3^minum niiest, l>y he niiere wcar)>. 350 [F6r] on forpwegas folc jefter woleuum,
cyun iefter cynne : e(i\e teghwile
miegburga riht, swd him Moyses b^ad,
eorla a?|)elo. Him wxs dn feeder :
Idbf l(^)dfruma landriht gepah 355 frdd on ferlil'C. fr^)mrigum l<^jf,
cende c-nc^)wsibbe eenra niauua,
he'ahfjiedera sum hiilige | c^jde,
Israela cyn, onriht godes,
swA ))aet orfancum ealde recea)), 360 \>h ])e mjegburge miest gefrunon,
fmmcyn feora, faederaeljelo gehwaes.
362-387] EXODUS. 29
VI. [Episode.]
Noah and Ms sons in the ark. — The contents of the ark. — Abraham, the peopW s guide and lord. — David and Solo- mon.— Abraham and Isaac on the waij to the mount. — Preparations for the sacrifice. — Arrest by the xingel. — Jehovah's promise as to Abraham'' s seed.
[Niwe flOdas Noe oferlftl'
frymfciest ) ^odeu mid his jnlm suuum,
fone d^opestau diencfldda 365 J'dra |)e gewurde ou woruldrice.
Hsefde him on hr^Jn-e halige trc^^wa :
forj'on he gel«dde ofer lagustreamas
maj'rahorda msest miiie 2;ef rivge :
on feohgebeorh folden hsefde 370 eaUum eorj'cynue egel^fe
frmncn^w gehwips, fseder and mdder
tuddort(foudra geteled rim6
mismiceh'a, Jonne men cunnon,
snottor Sc%ldbda ; ^ac ];on sieda gehwilc 375 on bearm scipes beoinas feredon,
l»ara pe under heofonuni hjele|) bryttiga]).
Sw^ I'set wise men wordura secga]',
}58et from Noe nigo] a wt^re
fseder Abrahames on folctale : 380 )iaet is se Abraham, se him engla god
naman niwan Ascedp, e'ac )'on neah and feor
halige helipas in gehyld bebe'ad,
werjdbda ge weald. He on writce lifde.
Sij^lJan he gelsedde l^ofost feora 385 hdliges h«sum : heOihlond stigon
sibgemAgas on Seone beorg ;
wtere hie ] ier fundon, wnldor gesAwon,
30 EXODUS. [388-422
halige lKQili(riH)\vo, swA liii>lo|' gofninou,
)wr eft sc suottra sumi Daukles 390 wiildorfii'st cTuiug Avitgtin lurum
gclimbrede teinpel gode,
iilli haligiie, eorj cyninga
se wiscsta on woiuldrice
luQilist and liAligost hiwlepum gctVit-gOst 3!)5 niit'st and niiiirost, j'Ara j'C manna beam
fira a?ftei- Ibldan folmum geworlite.
T6 ]'am mepelslede magan gehydde
Abraham Isaac ; tldfyr onbran :
fyrst ferhjibana n6 j;}' f jegp wiies ! 400 Wolde 1 one htstweard lige gesyllan
in l)a'll)lyse beorua selost
his swjt'sne sumi t6 sigetibre,
Angan ofer eorj'an yrfelAfe,
feores fr6fre. pA he swA for|) gebAd 405 l(^dum to lAre langsumne hiht :
he ) set gecyl de, ] A he ] one cnilit genam
fasste mid fohiium, folccfl|> getejig
t'ahle hlfe (ecg grymetode) ,
pi't he him llfdagas Ic^fran ne wisse, 110 |ionne he h^rde heofoneyuinge.
{'[) Ariemde se eorl, wolde slean eafoian shine,
nnweaxenne ecgum n^odan,
magan mid mecf-, gif hine metod letc :
lie wolde him beorht fa'der beam tetnimau 1 ]."» h.ilig tiber, ac mid handa bifeng.
pA him sty ran cw6m stefn of heofonnm,
wnldres hldbpor, word iofter sprjec :
" Xe sleh ]>i\, Abraham, )'in Agen beam
sunn mid sweorde ! s6|) is gecyped, 420 nn |)in eunnode cyning alwihta,
]xt J ft wi]' waldend wtt're hciblde,
fa^ste trc^we : s(^> 1 e freoj'O sceal
423-451] EXODUS. 31
in lifdaguni lengest weor|an
dwa t6 ealdre uuswicieudo ! 425 hA Jiearf maunes suuu mArau tr(fowo?
Ne beliwylfau ma^g heofou and eorl'e
his wuldres word widdra and siddra
ponue befrejman mi^ge foldau sceatas,
eoi'l'an ymbhw} rft aud uprodor, 430 gdrsecges giu and ]^os gdbmre lyft.
He fij' swere]', engla 1 eodeu,
wyrda waldend and weieda god,
sdffifist sigora [weard], ] urli bis sylfes lif,
J'ffit Jnnes cynnes and cn^wradga 435 raudwiggendra rim ne cunuon
ylde ofer eorpan eall(^ crwfte
t6 gesecgenne s6l>um worduni,
nympe hwylc J res snottor in sefan weorpe,
fset he Ana mjege ealle geriman 440 stdnas on eorjau, steorran on heofouum,
ssebeorga sand, sealte ypa :
ae hie gesittap be srem twdbuum
6]) Egypte inge] dbde
land Cananea, l^de ] ine, 445 fr^bearu feeder, folca selost."]
VII.
Pharaoh's host is overwhelmed in the sea.
Folc wfies Afaned : flodegsa becwom gdstas gebnirc, geofou deli; e hw^p. AVreron beorlihUjui bldde bestfimed, holm heolfr^' sptiw, hrrem waes on yl i'"i» 450 wfeter wiepua ful, waelmist Astah. Wreron Egypte eft oncyrde,
32 EXODUS. [452-486
Huuoii forlitigcndc, t';T'r oiigc'ton,
woldon hoicI)l(Qi]e Ikuikis lindaii :
gylp wear]' guornra ! Iliin oiigvii gehuAp 4oo atol A'l'a gewealc : ne I'JtT jcuig becwOm
lieiges t6 liAme, ac lite hindan belcQic
wyrd luid w;ege. pSiv &y wegas irigon,
mere rn6dgode, ma^gen wajs Tidrenced.
vStn^mas stAdon ; storin up gew^t 4(10 heah to lieofoimm, herewOpa rajHst ;
Idpe cynndou ; lyft up geswearc :
f{%gum sttefnum Add bl6d gewod.
Raudbju'ig w&rou rofene, rodor swipode
meredcQija miest ; mddige swultou 465 cyningas ou corprc, cyrr swiprode
wjL'ges jet eudc. Wigbord scinon.
IkOili ofer hu'lejum holmweall ilst.^h,
merestrtHim in6dig : inaegen wit's on cwealme
fieste gefeterod, forj^ganges nop 470 searvvum itsieled. Sand bAsnode
on witodre fyrdc, hwonne wa])ema strtTam
sincalda Sie sealtum y]mm
ii'dastuni gewuna ece stajnilas
nac'ud nydboda nc^)san c6me 47.') fAh feJiegAst, se ];e ft^>ndum gcm^op.
Wji* st^o hii'wene lyft jieolfre geblaudeu ;
briin berstende blodegsan liwdbp,
s<^manna si)), Op] jet sA]) raetod
juirh Moyses hand m6dge lymde : 480 wide wiej de, wailfji'lnnum swd<jp,
fl6d fdmgode, fiege crungon,
laguland gef(^>l, lyft wjes onhrered,
wicon wcallficsten, w&gas burston,
multon meretorras, );A se mihtiga sl6h 485 mid liAlige hand lioofonriccs weard
werbtTanias, wlance ) dbde.
487-514] EXODUS.
Ne mihtou forliabban helpendra pa]', merestreames mod, ac h6 mauegum gesccltd gyllentK' gryre : gArsecg wedde,
490 up Meab, on sleap ; egesan st6don, wdbllon wa?lbenna, Witr6d gef(rol heah of heofonum, handweorc godes. Fdinio-bosma flodweavdc sloh unhl^wan wa?g aide mece,
195 yxt ])y dea-l'drepc drihte switfou, syufuUra sw(^ot, sawlum laniioii fffiste befareue, flddblilc here, si]>]>Sin hie oubugon brftn yppinge, mddwtega m&st. Ma?gen eall gedrelis,
500 j)^ he gedreucte dugop Egypta,
Faraon mid his folcum : he oufond hrape, si]ij>an [gmnd] gestah, godes andsaca, ]>vet ]iger militigva mereflodes weard wolde heorofffi]>mum hilde gesceddan
505 yrre and egesfuU. Egyptura wear)) fses daegweorces d^op lelin gesceod : forj'am j'ffis heriges hdm eft ne com ealles ungrundes leuig to Mfe, ];aitte sip heora secgau mdste,
510 bodigean t^fter burgum bealospella mi'est, hordwearda hryre hielej^a cwenum, ac ]>k mwgenjn-e'atas merede^a]' geswealh, [spilde] spelbodan, se pe sped dhte, agelit gylp wera : hie wip god wiiunon !
33
3-4 KXODUS. [516-542
Vlll.
Wo)'ds of Moses to Israel on the farther shore. — GocVs power and covenant faithfulness. — The joy of the people upon their deliverance. — Division of sjjoil.
olo })anon Israhelum ece ra'das
on merelnvearfe Moyses sivgdc
hehh]mngcu wer liAlige sprteee,
dA)p it'i-eude : dicgweorc nemna]'. -
Swd gyt wer]-^de on gewritum finda|» 020 duma geliwilcne, Jutra )c him driliten bcbciid
on )iam si|)fate s6];um worduin.
Gif onlfican wile lifes wealhst6d
beorht in brtTostuin bilnlulscs weard
ginfa.'st god gAstes eii^gum, 52o vdn bi)' gerecenod, ned for)) ga'|':
liafa]' wislicu word on fs^l'me,
wile ineagollice mOduni tiecan,
)>?et we gesine ne syn godes ) ^odscipes,
mcotodes railtsa. He As ma onlyh)', .'».;() nu fis bdceras beteran secgap.
lengran K;ft wynua : ] is is kene dre'am
wommum Awyrged, wreceum Alyfed,
earmra anbid : epelkOise
]'ysue gystsele gih))um healda)', 535 ninrnap on m6de, mAnhfts witou
ftest under foldan, ):;er bij* fyr and wyrm,
open ece scri^?f yfela gehwylces.
SwA nu regn)'^:>fas rice diela)'
3'ldo o|)))e ;erd(^a|', eftwyrd cyral) 540 m<Tegen))rymnia nuest ofer middangeard,
d;Bg diedinn fah : drihten sylfa
on pam mepelstede manegum deme]'.
543-575] EXODUS. 35
ponne he su);fii^stm sawla la'do]'
eadige gjestas on uprodor, 545 ])ter [is] l(^ht aud lif , elic j'Oii lissa bl&d :
dugo]> on dreame diihteu heriga])
weroda wuldorcyning t6 widan feore.
Swd reordode ri^da gemyudig
manna mildest mihtum swiped 550 hludan stefue ; here stille bjid
witodes willau, wundor ongfiton,
mddiges mftj'hjel ; he to miBnegum sprtec :
" Micel is ]^os meuigeo, niiegenwisa trum,
fullesta miest, se pAs fare hede)) ! 555 hafap As on Cananea cyn gelyfed
burh and be'agas, brade rice :
wile nu gekestan, j'jet he lauge gchet
mid ft] sware, engla drihten,
in fyrndagum fsederyncynne, 560 gif ge gehealda]) hdlige lare,
I'jet g^ fdbnda gehwone for]) ofei-ganga]), - gesitta]) sigerice b^e saira twt^num
b^rselas beorna : bi|) ^ower bl;ed micel ! "
After ]5t\m wordum werod wtms on salum, 565 snngon sigebyman, segnas stodon
on fffigerne sweg. Folc wres on lande :
hgefde wnldres belim werud geheded
hftlige helipas on hild godcs.
Life gefegon, ]ii hie dj-'hyded hiiefdon 570 feorh of fe'bnda dome, je'ah ) e hie hit frecne genej'don
weras under wastera hrdfas. Gesfiwou hie ]';er weallas standan ;
ealle him brimu blodige );uhton, Juirh I'd lieora beado- searo w.egon.
Hrepdon hildespelld, sipj'an hie ]^im [herge] wij'fOron,
hdfon liere] if^atas hlfide stefne, 575 for )'am daidweorce drihten heredon :
3(3 KXODUS. [576-589
weras wuldrcs saug, wil' on 6, idin,
folcswdbta mifest fyrdk^o]) g61oii
aclum stefnum eaUwundra Ala.
pCi wjes ej'fyude Afrisc nit^)\vle 580 ou geofones sta])C gold6 ge\veor])od :
hand iih6fon halsvYurl>mige,
bli)>e witroii, bote gesAwon,
lioddou heremifes (hivft wa^s onsiMed),
ongunnon s;t'lAfe sognnni da'laii 585 on yl'lAlc, calde m^'il'mas,
rc'lif and randas : hcom on rilit sctfbde
gold and godwcli, Josephes gestrA)n
wera ^\iildorgesteald. "Wcrigend Ifigon
ou dea)) stede, drihtfolca ma;st.
..-v.-^
DAI^IEL.
I. H"
Prosperity of the Jeios in Jerusalem. — GoiVs blessing upon them. — Their pride and rebellion. — Entrance of the Chaldean soothsayeis. — Enmity of Nebuchadnezzar. — The Babylonians in Jerusalem. — Despoiling of the temple. — DepaHure of the enemy tvith treasures and captives. — Subjection of the Hebreivs in Babylon. — Search by the king for ivise youth. — Choice of the three Hebrews: Hananiah, Mishael, Azariah. — Their appearance before the king. — Provision for their needs.
Gefrsegn ie Hebreos ^adge lifgean,
in Hierustilem goldhord d^lan,
cyniug(Wm habban, swd him gecji^nde wres,
siJ'J'an Inu'h metodes m»geu ou INIoyses hand 5 wearl> wm" gifeu wigeua maeiiieo
and hie of Egyptum fit aforon
msegene micle : ] iet was mddig cyn,
|)enden hie ly rice r&dau mdston,
burgum w^ldou ; was him beorht wela, 10 penden ) tet fole mid him liiera fa?der wa;re
healdan woldoii. Wa^s him hyrde g6d
heofonrices weard, htilig driliten,
wuidres waldend, se pam wemde geaf
mod and mihte, metod alwihta, 15 |;aet. hie oft fela folca feovC' gesceodoii
heriges helmum, ] tlra J'C him hold ue wies,
38 DANIEL. [17-51
6)) ]'<Tt hie wloneo amvud n't ^\in|:cge
dc^)folda'(liun, druncne go]iohtas :
I'fi liie {I'cnuftas ime t'oili-tou, 20 metodes ma^gcascipe, swa nA man sc3de
his gfistes Uifan wi)' gode d;v4au !
pit geseah ic ]n1 gedrilit in gedwolan lifgan,
Israfila cyn unriht d6u,
woniinas wyrcean : Jia^t w;l's weorc gode. 25 Oft ho ]iim It^dum Ulie sende
heofonrices weavd hdlige gdstas,
I'd ]'am weriide wisdOm budou.
Hie |>iere snytro s6|' gelyfdou
lytle hwile, 6\> ]^xt hie laiigung bcswfic 30 eor)>au (h'tParaas eces nedes,
]>xt hie a't siljestau sylfe forleton
drihtues d6mas, curou d(^)fles erjtft.
pCi wear)) rt'liemOd rices j;^den,
unhokl );t^>den \)Cim he tehte geaf : 35 wisde liiin set frympe, | fi pe on frmiiau ler pon
wjyron manc^nnes metode d£rust,
dugopa dryimist drihtne Idbfost,
herepa[>,t6 jivre hAn b^^rig
eorhun c4^ CM)diguai on ejeUand, 40 ]rSii' STdeni st6d seanvuni fif;iestnod,
wcalhnn geweor] od : to ] a^s witgan foron
Caldea eyu t6 ceastre for)>,
]5&r Israela a'hta wjeron
bewiigene raid weorciim ; t6_}iCim yxi werod gef6r, 45 nia2gen))rc^at raj^re miinbealwes georn.
Awelite [one wa^lnij) wera aldorfreli
ljaljih)nes brego on his burhstede
Nabochodonossor jnirh nij hete,
]'3et hd socan ongan sefan gehygdum, 50 hft he Israehnn cCapost mcahte
]-urh gronira g:ing gnnian ('jplringau :
52-86] DANIEL. ' 39
gesamnode pd sft)'an and norpan
wielhi(fow werod aud west faran
herige hiepencyuiuga to ]>xre liean liyi'ig : 55 Isra^la epelweardas ^
liifan lifwelan, peuden hie Ut metod.
pti ic ej'an gefitegn ealdfdbnda cyu
winbuih wera : ] a wtgaii ne gel^fdon,
bere'afodon ] a receda wuldor re'adan gold^, 60 siuefi and seolfie, Salomones tempi,
gestriidau gestr^na under strmblil um
swilce all swA ] d eovlas agau sceoldon,
ojjjn^ hie burga gehwone Abrocen hoefdou
para pe faui folce to fripe stodon. 65 Gehl6dou him t6 hAp.e hordwearda gestrdbn,
f^ aud fr^s, swilc ]^xv fuudeu wses,
and pa mid pAm i^htum eft sipedon
aud geh'eddou eac on langue sip
Israela c^j'u on e'astwegas 70 t6 Babilouia, beorua unrim,
under liaud hselep hiej-enum ddman.
Nabochodouossor him on n5d dyde
Israela beam ofer ealle lufeu
wiepua lafe to weorcp^wum. 75 Ousende ]^A stura pegua
worn ] oes werudes west to fSrau,
paet him para lA>da land gehdblde
6pne epel ffifter Ebreum.
Het pa s^can sine gerfifan 80 geond Israela earme lafe,
hwilc pi'yre gdbgo])e gleiiwost w^'ere
b6ca bebodes, pe pier brmigen waes :
wolde, pset pa cnihtas craft leoruedou,
paet him suytro on sefan secgan mihte, 85 nalles p^J^ hfi ] ffit moste ol>pe gemuuau wolde,
]8et h6 para gifeua gode jancode,
40 DANIEL. [87-112
j'e liim ]>a'r tA (liigu|)e drihten scyrede.
pit hie I'aT fiindon t6 freagUflxwe
.ne]'ele cnihtas and lefjieste, 90 giuge auc^gOde in godsiede :
tn waes Ananias, 6\>er Azarias,
)>ridda Misael, metode gecorene.
pa ]ny c6mon tA |'t^)dnc foran
hearde and higepanele, ]&i' se ht&|)eua sfet 95 cj'ning cor))res georn in Caldfia byrig.
pk lite l^am wlancan wisdAm seeoldon
weras Ebrfia wordum cy)iau,
higecraeft heliue ])urb htvbg m6d.
pd se bcorn bebe'ad, BabiU)ue weard 100 swt|nii6d cyning, slnum ) egnum
yxt ]Si frumgilras be feoro danle,
jfet \Cin\ gengum l>rvm g:l<l nc wH're
wiste ue wit'de in wonildlile.
TI.
The king's pritU and defiance of God. — His unjyrojntious dream. — Command to his icise men to tell it. — Being un- able, he threatens them with death. — Daniel apjjeai's before the Icing as interpreter. — Tlie Icing praises and exalts him.
pt wa?s br^Mne Bal)ilone weard 10;j Tut^re and niOdig ofer middangenrd,
ogesful ylda bearnum : n6 lie a- f i-emede,
ac in oferliygde aigliwies lifde.
pk |)am folctogau on frumslti^pe,
sipl'an to reste gehvvearf rice jd^xlen, 110 c;6ni on sefan hwurfan swcfiies w6iTia,
hft woruld wieie Avundruin get^)d
uugelic yUbini op edsceafte.
113-147] DANIEL. 41
"Wear]' him ou sliepe s^Ji gecyped,
])8ette rices gehw;os rej-e sceolde gelimpan, 115 eoi');au dreanias ende -wurj'an.
p^ onw6c wulfheort, se a;r wingAl s\vffif ,
Babilone weard. Nffis him l)li)'e hige,
ac him sorh ilstiih swefues woman :
n6 he gemuude, ]>?et him metod woes. 120 H6t I'd t6somue siura k^da,
])A wiccimgdom widest basrou,
froegn ]>•! ]'Ci mneuigeo, hwfet hine gem;ette,
fenden reordbereud reste wunode :
wear]) he ou ]'am egesau acol worclen, 125 ])§i h^ ue wisse word ue angin
swefnes sines, het him secgau ] elih.
pa him iinbli|)e andswaredou
d^folwitgan (nfes him d6in gearii
t6 ilsecgaime swefen cyniuge) : 130 '' Hft miigon w6 swil d^^gle, drihten, dhiegau
on sefan j inne hu f^ swefnede
o)>]5e wyrda gesceaft wisdom bade,
gif ]fi his terest ne mealit or ilreccan?"
pk him uubli] e andswarode 135 wulfheort cyniug, witgum siuum :
" N;eron g6 swA eacne ofer ealle men
m6dge];auces, swti ge me sii^gdon
and ]fet gecw^don, ] ret ge cCijou muie
aldorlege, swd me e'afre wear]) 140 o])])e ic fur)7or findan sceolde,
nu ge mtetinge mine ne cunnon,
])i\ ]!e me for werode wisdom bere]> !
G6 swelta]) delij 6, nym) e ic d6m wite
s6j:an swefnes, ]-<i?s inin sefa myudga]> ! " 145 Ne meahte ] a s^o mseuigeo on ] am me]'elstede
];urh witigdom wilite d]-euceau
ue aliicgan, ],{x hit forhrefed uewear]',
42 DANIEL. [148-107
I'a'tle hie s;vdou swefn oyniuge,
wyida gen nil, 6]> )'{ut witga cw6in ITjO Daniel to cWine, se wxs drihtue gecoreu
snotor and s6|.f{i!st, in ))a't seld gangan :
so wies ordfriima earmre liife,
I'iere ))e pain hiepenan h^rau sceolde.
Ilim god sealde gife of heofnum 155 I urh lilc^)J)orcwyde liMiges gilstes,
\KXit him eiigel godos call fisiiegde,
swA his maudrihten geniieted wearj>.
pA ^de Daniel, ]:Ci dteg lyhte,
swefen reccan sinum frcfan, IGO sffigde bim wisliee weveda gesceafte,
1 a'tte s6na ougcat swipniftd cyuing
Old and ende ] a^s ]»e him ywed wfes.
pa hrefde Daniel d6m niicelue,
l)l;ed in Babilonia mid boeerum, 1G5 sijpau he gesa;de swefen cyninge,
) a't he ser for firenum onf6n ne ineahte,
Babilonie weard, iu his bi(^jstloeau.
108-184] DANIEL. 43
III.
The king still defiant. — Raises an idolatrous image in Dura. — The x>eople hoiv to it. — The three Hebrews refuse and are threatened. — They are placed in the fiery furnace. — Preserved from harm, they rejoice. — The king's anger and wonder. — The song of Azariah. — Praises God and con- fesses the sm of the Jeics. — Pleads the covenant and prays for help. — The angel of deliverance appears and saves them. — The song of the three Hebrews. — All things p)raise Jehovah, the Triune God. — The king and his chiefs take counsel. — The lender p>lecals for the youth. — They come out of the furnace to the king. — The angel ascends. — The king praises God and favors his servants. — Acknoidedges the icisdom of Daniel.
N6 hw?e|)ere j'oet Daniel ged6n mihte,
])set he wolde metodes mihte geKfau : 170 ac he wyrcan ongau weoh on felda,
pam )?e dtformode Diran heton,
se wa^s on ]xre ] dbde, ])e swtl [| i^mlice hiltte]
bresne Babilonige : ]mve bui'ge weard
Anne maulican ofer metodes est 175 gyld of golde gumum Antrde,
forJ)am he gl^aw ne waes, gumrlces weard
re]>e and r^dl^as, rihtes [ue gymde].
plLwear]> hfele))a hlj^st, ]'d hldbpor cw6m b^man stefne ofer burhware. 180 p4 hie for ]iam cumble on cntibwum sieton, onhnigon 16 pam herige hie)me ];dbde, wurjiedon wihgyld (ne wiston wrtestran ri^d), efnedon unrihtdOm, swA, hyra aider dyde mine o;emeno;ed, mode gefrecuod :
44 DANIEL. [185-218
18.") fremde folcm.Tgon, sw:! hyra fveh a-rest
uun'ed efncle ; him [ajs a^t'ter becwom
yfel cudelehn : unrilit dytle !
p{i^v I ri witTon ou |;ius j ^dues byrig
eorlas Israela, ]'^t liio A uoldou l!t(» hyra )d()dnes d6m jiafigan onginnaii,
\xt hie t6 ):ain belicne gebedu i-it'ide,
].^ah ];e );ii'r ou byrig bj^inau sungon :
Jj.^ witTon jej'elum Abraharaes beam,
Witron wierfieste, -wiston drihten 1!.'> ecne uppc :\?hiiihtne.
Cnihtas cyiiegOde Qfi]^ gedydon,
j'set hie him Jioet gold tO gode uoldon
habban ne healdan ac ])one heliii eyning,
gA,sta hyrde, ]'e him gife sealdc. ••()() "Oft hie m bdbte balde gecwa'don,
jwt hie |)it's wiges wihte ne ruhtoii
ne hie t6 pam gebede g_ebiudan mihte
ha;J;eu heriges wisa, )a>t hie |)ider liweorfan wolden,
guman t6 j'ara gyldnau gylde, ):e he him tO gode getc^nle. 205 pegnas ) xA^dne sa^gdon, ]^xt hie jwre gej'eahte n:eron
" lijeftas lit'rau in ]isse helm byrig,
))iet J'is [hiej'engyld] h6rgan ne willa|»
ne ]nsne wig wuv|)igean, pe ]{i J e t6 wundrum tc^dest."
pfi him bolgenmdd Babilone weard 210 yrre andswarodc ; eorlum ouniielde
grimme ]'fim giugiim and g^A^cre oncwaep,
fast hie gcgnunga gyldan sceolde
oj>]'e jtrowigean jreanied micel,
freone fyres wylra, nympe hie frizes wolde 21;j wiluian t(3 ))am wyrrestan, woras Ebrea,
guman t6 J^am golde, ) e he him id gode lA)de.
Noldon ) eah ) A hyssas hyran lArum
in hige ha;|mum, hogedou georne,
219-251] DANIEL. 45
I'aet -x godes ealle geUeste 220 and ne dwacodou wereda drilitiio,
ne he'anmaegeu liwyrfe in hi^lendom :
ne Me td fAcne freojjo wilnedan,
f^ah ] e him se Intera de'a]' gebodeu wiere.
J>d wear|> yrre anm6d cyning : 225 Mt M [egeslice] ofu onbtetan
t6 cwale cuilita feoriini, for] am ] e liie his crsftas onsdcon,
p©.h6 wajs gegleded, swa he grimmost mihte,
fr^cne fyres lig^, I'd he l^yder fole samnode
and gebiudan bet Babilone weard 2o0 grim and gealhmOd godes spelbodan,
het ]t1 his scealcas scfifau ]£i hyssas
in bselblyse, beornas ginge.
Gearo waes, se him g^ce gefremede ; \ehh ]'e hie swA grome n5dde
in fsefm Kres lige, hwoe]-ere heora feorli generede 235 mihtig metodes weard, swd J'ffit niifinige gefrunon,
haiige him ])ter help get^de. Sende him of helm rodore
god gumena weard gdst ]one hdlgan ;
engel in pone ofn innan becw6m, ])ier hie )'jiet aglae drugon,
f r^bearn fgejnnum bej^eahte under ];am f^renan hr6fe : 240 ne mihte ]ehh heora wlite gewemman [ne him wroht dl'fgestau]
wyhn )'jes wtefran liges, ]r^ hie se waldend nerede.
Hrdbhm6d w^es se hiepena ])(foden, het hie hrape bferuan :
aeled wsss uugeseelid micel. pd was se of en ouhtfeted,
Isen eall jnirhgleded : bine }'ter esnas msenige 245 wurpon wudu on innan , swa him w:\?s on wordum gedemcd,
b^eron brandas on byrne bUtcan fi'res.
Wolde wulfheort cyning wall ousweallan
iserne ymb lefreste, 6)) )'ffit up gewat
lig ofer l^fum and j'urh lust gesldh 250 micld mdre, )onue gemet wiere.
pa se lig gewand ou laj^e men
•46 DAXIEL. [252-280
bu'l lie (if lialguiu. Ilyssas wa-ron
l)li|)i']u6de, biirnou scealcas
j'liib ofeu iltan : 'Wht gchwearf 2Jo tc^onfuUum ou teso, ]S!Y t6 gescah
Babiloue brego. Bli|'c wjeron
eorlas Ebrea. 6festinn heredon
drihteu on dicQinie, dydon swii hie cu)'on
ofiie ou innaii aldro geuerede. 2()0 Guman ghtdinode god wiirj-edon,
under );fes fiel-me j'e geflymed wearj»
frficne fyres hivto : fr^bearn wurdon
AU%ten liges gauga ; ue hie him pier la|) gedydou :
nies him se sweg t6 sorge ))0u m^i ] e sunuau scima ; 2().l ne se byrne bcTot nireegum, })enden in );am b^ote wieron,
ac ]>xt iyr scyde t6 ] Am j^e \>Ci seylde worhton :
hweorfon I'd htej^enan haeftas fram ]km hAlgum cuihton ;
wdrigra wlite minsode, f»Ara pe \>y worce gefegon.
Geseah J'd swilmidd cyning, Jnl M his sefau ontrA)\vde, 270 wundor ou wite t\gangeu ; him paet wrseclic ]'uhte :
hyssas hitle hwurfou in ]>am. hAtan ofne
ealle tefaeste |ry [uuforbaerned] .
Him eac j'ier wtes dn on gesyhpe
engel a^huihtiges : him ]r&r 6wiht ne derede, 275 ac wtes jjer inne ealles gelicost
efne )'onne on sumera sunne seine))
and df^awdiias on dsege weorj'ep
winde geondsdwen. paet wais wuldres god,
l^e hie generede wip pam niphete. 280 pa Azarias ingepancum
hl(foprade hMig |'urh hdtiie lig
d;eda georn ; drihteu lierede
wer worama l^as and ))4 word Acwie)' :
" Metod alwihta ! hwaet, )>fi eart mihtum swlj> 285 nijas 16 ncrgenne I is ) in nama micre
wbtig and wuldorrtest ofer werp^odc !
287-321] DANIEL. 47
sieiulon ) iuc domas iii daga gchwam
s^]^e and geswi) de and gesigefiiist,
swd ]'ii e'ac sylfa eart [sigores waldend] 1 290 syndou ) ine willau on woruldspedum
rihte and geriime, rodora waldend !
G^ca ftser georne uu, gAsta scii^pend,
and ]nirli [hyldo] help, bAlig drihteu,
nu we ];ec for ) relium and for ] db-u5dum 295 and for ealunedum drna bidda))
lig6 belegde ! We pies lifgende
worhton on worulde, e'ac ] on worn d;^le
ftser yldran for oferhygdum,
brtecon bebodo burhsittende, 300 hCid oferhogedon hillgau lifes.
Siendon we towrecene geond wuliie grimd
heapum tOhworfene bylde lelise :
is user lif geond landa fcla
fracoj) and gefnege folea manegum, 305 )'a ftsic bewrtecon t6 J'les wyrrestau
eorj'cyniuga tvhta gewealde,
on haef t heorugrimra, and we uu biepeura
);^wned poliap : ) ses ];e fane sie,
wereda wuldorcyning, ja^t ]t us ] as wrace tebdest ! 310 Ne forl^t j-u Asic, ana ece drihteu,
for ji^m miltsum ]>e J-ec men hliga))
and for ] Am tr^wum fe ]'ft tirum faest,
ni])a uergend, genumen heefdest
to Abrahame and to Isaace 315 and to Jacobe, gasta scyi)pend !
]'U him jv-et geh^te | urii hlebl'orcwyde,
))8et I'll heora fromeyn in fyrndagum
ican wolde, paette aefter him
on cufTorissum cenued wurde, 320 and s^ ma?nigeo mt%re wtere
hat to hebbaune, swa heofonsteorran
48 DANIEL. [:]22-.%<;
bcbiiga]> bn'ulnc hwyrft 6)> ) a brimfaio,
)>aes sjtfaroj'a saiid geond sealtue wieg
in eare gryiule]', )';\it | us his uurim A 325 in wintra worn wiirj au sceokle.
Fyl nu frumspnt'cc, |t^ah heora feii lifigcMi,
wlitiga I'iune wordew3'dc and |)in wuldor on fts !
gccy)' cTJuft and iniht, Jfet Jnt't Cald^as
and folca fela gcfiigeu hab])al', 330 J'd )'e under beofenum hicpcnc liligea)',
and J'aet ] ft dua eart ece drihten,
weroda waldeud, woruldgesceafta
sigora settend, s6])fa3st metod ! "
Swil se hdlga wer hergende wa3s 335 inetodes miltse and his mihta spfid
rehtc ))urh reorde, pi of rodemini wies
cngel oelbcorht ufan onsended,
wlitescTne wer on his wuldorhaman,
se him cw6m t6 fr6fre and t6 feorhnerc 340 mid hifan and mid lisse, se jjone lig tdsoelif
halig and heofonbeorlit h^itan fyres,
tdswdbp bine and toswcnde )nirh \^k swi]»an miht
bgges lA)man, \>xt liyra Uee uc wais
owiht geegled : ac he on andan slub 345 fvr on fdbudas for fyrendiedum.
J) A wies on |)am ofne, pier se engel becwdm,
Avindig and wynsum wedere gelicost,
j'onne hit on sumeres tid sended weorpep
(b"opena drt^irung on dieges hwile, 350 wearmlic wolcna scAr : swylc bi]' wedera cyst,
swylc yvscH on ])am fyrc frdsm mihtum
bAlgum id helpe ; wear)) se hAta lig
todrifen and todwaesced, pier ]>A diedhwatan
geond J'one ofen ^don and se engel mid 355 feorh nerigende, se j'ter f^jrj'a wses,
Ananias and Azarias
357-391] DANIEL. 49
and Misael. pj'vr pa ni^dliwatan
\>Y^ on gepaneum ) tfodeu beredou ;
biedon bletsiau bearu Israela 360 eall landgesceaft 6cne diihten,
]-^da waldend. Svv4 hie Jny cwtedon
m6dam horsce ]nirh geni^ue word :
" pe gebletsige, bylywit fseder,
woruldcrsefta wlite and weorca gehwilc, 365 heofenas and englas and hluttor wteter !
]>ii ]>e on roderum on rihtre gesceaft
wunia]) in wuldre, ]>k ]'ec wiirjna)',
and ])ec, aehnilitig, ealle gesceafte,
rodorbeoi'litan'tunglu, )t1, Je ryne healda]), 370 suuue and mdna, sundor Tmra gehwilc ,
herige in hade ! and heof'onsteorran,
de'aw and d^or scfir, ]a | ec domige.
and )iec, god mihtig, gftstas lofige !
byrnende fyr and beorht sumor 375 nergend herga|), niht somod and dsieg !
and J'cc landa gehwilc, l^lit and jdbstro,
herige on htlde, somod hilt and ceald !
and pec, frc^a mihtig, forstas and snawas,
winterbiter weder and wolcenfaru 380 lofige on lyfte ! and J-ec ligetu,
bUce berhtmhwate, j^ pec blestige !
eall eorpan grund, ece drihten,
hyllas and hrfisan and he'a beorgas,
sealte siewiegas, sopfoest metod, 385 e'astre'am ypa and upcyme
wsetersprync wylla, ) a pec wur|)iap !
hwalas pec herigap and hefonfugolas
lyftlAceude ! p^ pe lagostreamas
waeterscipe wecgap and wildu d^r 300 and uelita geliwilc uaman bletsie,
and manna beam modum liifiap
50 DANIKL. [392-426
ami )'C(' Israola, ii'lita se^ ppcml,
lu'riga)' iu lu'ide herran siune !
and |»ec liAligra heortau craiftas, 30;") s6|'fjtstra geUwa3s sAwle aud gdstas
lolial> litlmin, It^an sellende
eallum [lefiKstum] tee drihteii !
Annanias jiec aud Adzarias
and Misael, metod, d6mige 400 l)r(^ostge|'ancum ! We j'cc bletsiaj',
fr(fa folca gehwais, fteder selmihtig,
s6]> sunn metodes, sAwla nergeud,
ha^lej>a helpeud, aud ))ec, lijllig gAst,
wur|'ia)' iu wnldre, witig drihteu ! 40.") WL' ])oc lic'riga]', liAlig driliten,
and gol)eduin l)rema|) ! \d gebletsad cart
gewui-l'ad [wide] ferh)' ofer worulde lir6f
h(Ailicvning heofoues htilguui uiihtuui
lifes k^)htfrunia ofer landa gohwilc !" 410 }Ui ]niit ehtode ealdor ) (^de
Naboehodonossor wi)' ffuu uehstuin
folcge,si))um : " pjt't t^ower fela geseali,
I'c^ode miue, \>xt we ]'ry scudou
gebodeu to bjjele iu byruende 415 fvres Ic^oinau ! Nu ic jwr fdbwer men
gesdb to s6))e : uales me sefa l^jge)> ! "
ptl cwa3j», se )'e wies cyniuges rseswa
wis and wordgleaw : " piet is wnndra sum,
):;et wt" I'jer e'agum ou 16cia)> ! 420 gel>euc, )'(f^>deu min, j)ine gerysna !
ongyt georue, hwA j'A gyfe sealde
gingum g.'edeliugum ! hie god lieiigaj)
aune ecne and ealles him
be naman gehwam ou n^d sprecaj), 425 Jancial' ))rymmcs pristum wordum,
cwej^a]) lie sie ana ailmihtig god,
427-458] DA^^LEL. 51
witig wuldorcyning woilde and heofona.
Ahan ])t ]>k beornas, brego Caldea,
fit of ofne ! nis );8et dwihtes g6d, 430 fffit hie slen on pam \k\>e leug )5onne Ipt ]>mte."
H6t ]>k se cyuing t6 him cnihtas gangan :
hyssas hearde hj'rdou hire,
cyrdou cyuegdde, swk hie gecyjde waeron,
hwurfou hai\e]> geouge to J'am hit'l'euau foran : 435 wteron ]Ci beiidas forburneue, ]-X him oil biluuin Ifigoii,
laj^searo ldb;la cyuinges, and hyra lice geborgen ;
uses hyra wlite gewemmed iie nteiiig wrOht on hraegle,
ne feax fyi'S beswjleled, ac hie on frijie drlhtnes
of )5am grimman gvyre glade treddedon 440 gle'awmode gum an on gdstes by Id.
\)& gewat se eugel up, sficau him ece dre'amas,
on he'ahne hr6f heofona rices,
hehpegen and hold halgum metode :
haefde on J'am wuudre gewurpod, pe ))A gewyrhto dhton, 445 Hyssas hfiredon drihten for J'ani ha^j^enan folce,
sewtou hie s6)'cwidum and him siedon fela
s6]n'a tacna, 6j' )'ffit he sylfa gel^fde,
]:aet se w&re mihta waldend, se |)e hie of }iain mirce generede.
Gebe'ad j'fi se brtesna Babiloue weard 450 swipmOd sinum ItTodum, )'set se wiere his aldre scyldig,
J^e ]>ses ousoce, ] oette sop wiere
m^re mihta waldend, se hie of j'am morpie ^l^ysde.
Agaef him ]'h his Idbda \Me, pe juer geltedde wffiion,
and nahte ealdfdbndum, pset hie are hoefdon. 455 Wa3s heora bh'ed in Babilone, sippan hie pone bryne fandedon ;
d6m wearp tefter dugupe gec3ped, sippan hie drihtne gehyrdon ;
w^ron hyra nedas rice, sippan hie rodera waldend
halig heofonrices weard wip pone hearin gescylde.
52 DANIEL. [459-480
pA ic st'ean gefrosgn s6l'uin wordum, 460 si|']'!in lie wuiulor onget [worden in ol'iu']
Babil()nc(s) weard I'urh biTiie fyres,
liil ]':1 hyssas ]>Yy hritan ofiies
f;vrgryre lyres ofcrfaren luefdon,
wyliii luirhwodoii, swil him Aviht no scdbd 4G5 grim gleda ni|', godes spelbodan,
freenan fyres, ac Lim fri|) drihtnes
wi|> ]'{es egesau gryre aldor gescylde.
pA se I'dbden ongan gejnnges wyrcan,
het I'd tdsomue sine Idbde 470 and )'A on ]a\n mc]'le ofer menigo bebtfad
wyrd gewordene and wundor godcs,
j'it^tte oil I'lliii eiiihtum gecyjied vvties :
" Onhicga]' nu hillige milite,
wise wundor godes ! Ave gesdwon, 475 I'set he wij) cweahiie gcl)earh enilitum on ofue
laeende lig, ] am pe his lof bjeron :
forjnim he is Ana ece lebnihtig
[dugo)'a] drihteu, se )>e him d6m forgeaf,
spdvvende sped, I'Am j^e his spel beraj» : 480 for]>on witiga)» jnirh wundor monige
hAlgum gAstum, ])e his hyld curon.
Cft)) is, )'a?t m6 Daniel dyglan swefnes
s6j)e ges&de, \>s&t a^r swi))e 6)'st6d
manegum on ni6de rainra l^da, 4 So for]'am admihtig cQiccnue gAst
in scfan sende, suyttro crajftas."
487-511] DANIEL. 63
IV.
Still, the king is defiant. — His dream and vision of the great tree. — Summons his uise men to interpret. — Daniel summoned. — Interprets the dream as prophetic of the king's fate. — Pride aiid downfall of the king. — His ref- ormation and re-establish7nent. — Acknoioledgment of God. — His public acts and death.
Swt\ wordum sproec werodes ri^swa,
Babilone weard, sipl^au h& beacen onget,
swutol tdcn godes : no [y sel dyde, 400 ac para ffij elinge oferhygd gesce6d,
wear]) him hyn-a li.yge and on heortan gej'anc
mdran mddsefan, ] onnc gemet w&re,
6]> f aet hine mid n>'de nyfor ^sette
metod selmihtig, swd M mauegura dej) 405 j^ra ))e l>nrh ofeihyd up Astige]).
pa him wear)) on sl.ype swefen oetywed
Nabochodonossor : him ) tet n^h gewear]> ;
]>ti\\te him, ]cet on foldan ftegre stdde
wudubeam wlitig, se wses wyrtum fsest, .■)00 beorht on bhtdura ; naes h6 bearwe gelic,
ac h6 hlifode t6 heofontungUira,
swilce h6 ofei-foe|imde foldan sceatas,
ealne middangeard 6]' merestreamas,
twigum and telgiim, I'ar he to geseah : ,'.(35 |5<ihte him, ) set se wudube'am wildd^or scilde,
ftue tete eallum h^:)lde, ^
swylce fuglas e'ac heora feorlinere
on ]>ses belimes bl^dum n^me ;
)fthte him, ] aet engel ufan of roderum 510 stigan cvv6me and stefne Abelid
torhtan veorde, het ] xt tr^w ceorfan
54 DANIEL. [512-540
and I'A wild(^r on weg i\S'ou
swvlce eac ] C\ fngolas, ) onne liis f yll c6me ;
ht't I'onue besnivdau seolfes l)la'duni, ol") twigiini and tolgiini and | I'li tiicen wesau,
wuuian wvitrnmau Jjl's wudubeames
oor))au fjestue, 0|' j'set eft C3'me
grenc bifida, |:onne god sylle ;
hfit eac gebindan beiim ):one mielan 520 j^reuum cirunnium and isernum
and gesadedne in sftsl d6n,
J)aet his m6d wite, )'i\it niihtigra
wite wealdej), jonne h6 him wi|' msege.
pft of sh^pe onw6c (swefn was aH ende) 525 eor|'lie 33] cling : him |)ffis egesa st6d
gryre fram pam gAste, ye l)yder god seude.
H6t I'd tOsomne sine l(^d(',
folctogan ; fnegn ofer ealle
s\Yi|)m6d eyning, hwjet \>iet swefen bude ? 530 nalles \>y he wfinde, )>jet hte hit wiston,
ac he cunnode, hft hie cwe|)an woldon.
pA, wffis 16 I'am d6me Daniel hiiten,
godes spelboda : him wa>s ga'st geseald
hAhg of heofonnm, se his hyge tryniede ; 535 on |>am drilitenweard dt^)pne wisse
sefan stdne ge|'auc and snytro cia^ft,
wisue wordcwide. Eft hC wnndor raanig
metodes mihta for men a^tbaer,
\)& h6 secgan ongan swefnes Av6man 540 h(fahheort and ha'l'en heiiges wisa
ealue J'one egesan, ]e him t^)wod vvies,
ba-d hine Areccan, hwJKt st^) lAn bnde,
h6fe lifiligu word and in liige funde
16 gesecganne s6|nim wordum, , 545 hwffit se btOini ])nde, pe h6 blican geseah,
and him witgode wyrda gej'ingu.
647-581]
DANIEL. 55
He )'a swigode : hwfe))ere so]' ongeat Daniel vet j'am ddme, \>pet his drihten wses gumena aldor wi]) god scyldig ;
550 wandode se wtsa ; hw8e)>re h6 worde cwsep drcrffiftig dr t6 j^am oepelinge : " paet is, weredes weard, wundor imlj-tel, ])set ]>i\ gestWe j'urh swefeu cumau heofonheliue belim and ])tt hdlgau word
555 yrre and egeslicu, ]^k se engel cwa?l>, ])8et |)ait tre^w sceolde telgum besnteded foran itfeallan, ]>set xv foeste st6d, and ponue mid ddbrum dre'ainle'as b(^n, w^sten wunian and his wyrtruman
560 foldan befolen fyrstmearc wesan
stille on sta))ole, sw:\ s^ stefn gecwfe)), ymb seofon tkla s-xde eft oufou : SW& )nn blctd li)' ! Swd se belira gew^x he'ah t6 heofonnm, swA \>ti hffile])um eart
565 dna eallum eorpbftendum
weard and wisa : nis )'e wij^erbreca man on moldan nymj'e raetod ana, se ))ec dceorfe]) of cyniugdonie and |>ec winele'asne on wr^ec sende]>
570 and jionne onliweorfe]' heortan |'ine,
])£et )'u ne gemyndgast a?fter nian(lr:eme ne gewittes wdst butau wild^^ra j-elvw, ac ](i lifgende lange |n'age heorta hlypum geond holt wuuast :
575 ne bij) ]>ec mtel m^te nym] e m6res gi-aes ne rest witod, ac );ec regna scur w^ce]' and wreee|> swd wildu ddbr, 6\> ]>set ])(\ ymb seofon winter s6|> gelyfest, ]>set sie An metod eallum maunum
580 reeeend and rice, se on roderum is. Is ra6 swa p^ah willa, j'set se wyrtrnraa
56 DANIEL. [582-616
stille wfes on stal'ole, swa stH> stcfn gecwsep,
and ymb seofou tide siede onlY'iige :
swA I'tn rice restende bi)» 5So anwl6h for eorlum, 6)) jaet ]'ft eft cymst.
Gebyge J<\, fr^a min, faestlicne ra;d :
syle ivlmyssan, wes earmra hk^,
))inga for ] A)diie, :er );am sdb | rah cyme,
j'jet he I'ec fiweorpe of woruldriee ! r>90 Oft metod Ahet monige J'd^jde
[we'an and] wyrcau, j^onne hie woldon sylfe
firene faestau, ^r him fitr godes
))urh egesan gryre aldre gesceOde."
N6 |»8es fela Daniel id his drihtne gespraec r)9'> sdjjra worda jmrh suiytro crseft,
))aet )'3es A se rica recan wolde
middaiigeardes weard, ac his ni6d AstAh
he'ah fram heortan : he ))8es hearde ongeald !
Ongan )nl gyddigan )mrh gylp raicel 600 Caldea cyuing, )!A he ceastre weall,
Bahilone burh, on his liUtde geseah
Sennera feld sidne bewindan,
h(ih\\ hlifigan, ) ret se heretyma
werede geworhte J'urh wundor micel GOo (wear)) pA Anhydig ofer ealle men
swilnnOd on sefau for J'jere sundorgife,
))e him god seakle gumena rice
world t6 gewealde in wera life) :
'• pfl eart s^) micle and rain sc^) mtere burh, GIO 1)6 ic geworhte t6 wurpinyndum,
rflme rice ! ic reste on );e,
eard and epel Agan wylle ! "
pA for })am gylpe gumena drihten
forfangen wear)) and on fl^am gewAt, 615 Ana on oferhyd ofer ealle men.
8wu w6d wera on gewindasfum
617-Gol]
DANIEL. 57
g^crostne si]) in godes wite, pdra l;e eft lifigende l^de beg^te, Nabochodonossor, sil^t'an him ut|) godes
G20 hv6l> of heofonum hete gescdbde. Seofon winter somod sftsl Jrowode wild^ra westen wiiiburge cyniug. \)k se earfoJ'miBCg up 16cade wild^ra gewita ).urh wolcna gang ;
625 gemunde j'ft on mdde, l>fet metod wxre heofona be'hhcyning boele]'a bearnum ana 6ce gt\st. pa he eft onhwearf wddau gewittes, faes ].e h| ser wide biier herew6san hige heortan getenge :
630 ]>k his gAst dhwearf in godes gemynd, m6d t6 mannum, si|>]ian he metod onget. Gewdt \>& earmsceapen eft si)nan nacod nydgenga, ni] gej-afa, wundorlic wrfecea and witda leas
635 mittra on ni6dge|)anc t6 maucynne, ponue gumena weard in gylpe wa?s. St6d niiddaiigeard aefter mandrihtne, eard and e] el a?fter ]'am ffi];elinge seofon winter samod, swd u6 swi|;rode
640 rice under roderum, 6)^ \>vet se neswa C(3m. pa wass eft geseted in aldordoni Babilone weard, lijiefde beteran ] eaw, l^jhtran gele'afan in liffruman, J'sette god sealde gumena gehwilcuni
645 welan swd wite, swk he wolde sylf. Ne lengde j'ft l^da aldor witegena wordcwyde, ac h6 wide be'ad metodes mihte, ]'8es M meld ahte ; si))fret saegde sinum l^dum,
650 wide wdpe, ]:e h^ mid wildd(x)rum atelih, 6]' ) set him frdan godes in gdst becwdni
58 DANIEL. [652-676
n'!^df;i?st sefa, ]Ci ho 16 rodenini beseiih.
Wyrd wres gewordeu, wundor gecvped,
swefii geseped, sftsl riwunnen, ().j.j d6m gedemcd, swi\ itr Daniel 'jwa'|),
|)ait se folctoga fiiidau sceolde
earfo]'si|)as for his ofennedlan,
swA he geornlice god spellode
metodes niihtum for mancynne. (ino Sij'l'an iu lial)ilone burhsittenduin
hinge hwile hire s:egde
Daniel d^mas. Si|)))an ddbra gesij)
wiUh'a wjvrgonga of wa)'e ew6m,
Nabochodonossor of ni|)\vraeuni, (!().") si|>|'an weardode wide rice,
ht^)hl ha^lejia gestrdbn and );;\ he^m burh
f rod foreniihtig folca rieswa,
Cahlea cyning, 6)) |)fet him cwehn gesc(^)d,
swa him ofer eor])an andsaca ne wa?s ()7() gnmena ienig, 6|) ]xt him god wolde
J)iuh hryre hreddan hell rice.
lieign of BelsJiazzar. — His doionfall and the transfer of the kingdom to the Medes foretold. — Bel nhazzar's feast. — The desecration of the sacred vessels. — Defiance of God. — The mysterious loritivg on the wall. — Daniel summoned to interpret. — His loords to the king.
Si)>|)an ))ier his aferan e'ad l)ryttedon, welan, wunden gold in pitre widan byrig, oalhstede eorla unwficlice, C7"> \\vi\\\ hordmaegen, j;A hyra hlaford l»g.
pa in jntre ftTode dw6c his paet )»ridde cnA)w,
677-711] DANIEL. 59
wses Baldazar burga aldor,
wdbld wera rices, 6)' ])8et him wlenco gescdbd,
oferhyd egle : ) i\ wres ended^yg, 680 faes ]'e Caldeas cyniugdom Aliton,
])k metod onltlh Medura and Persum
aldorddmes ymb litel free,
let Babilone bl;ed swij'iian,
pone ]>&. liiele]' healdan sceoldon ; 685 wiste li6 ealdormen in unrihtum,
|)d )'e ))y ric6 nedau sceoldon.
pii ))jet geliogode Mmsittende
Meda aldor, jitet rer man ne ongan,
poet he Babilone ^brecan wolde, 690 alhstede eorla, ]'iier fepeliugas
under wealla hl(fo welan brytnedon :
))8et wres I'dra fsestna folcum cftpost, ijjj^ •
m^st and raserost, ))ttra ]e men biin,
Babilon burga, 6]>]>i^t Baldazar "*" (51)5 ))urh gylp grome godes frettsade.
Stfeton him vet wine wealle belocene,
ne on^'gdon n^ orlegra ni)>
{jelih ]'e f^nda folc feran cw6rae
herega genydnm t6 J'ttre heahbyrig, 700 jiget hie Babilone Abrecan inihton.
Gesaet )'d t6 syrable sidestan da?g6
Caldeli cyning mid cn^omi\gum :
)>^r medugitl wearp mregenes wisa,
h^ht ]){\ [on i%ht] beran Israela gestr^n, 705 hftslfatu liMegu on hand werum,
pd itr Caldeas mid cynejn-ymm^
cempan in ceastre clrene gendraon,
gold in Gerusalem, ]Ci hie -Tudea
blred forbriiicon billa ecgum 710 and ]nirh hldbj'or cyme herige geniimon
lorhte frietwe, yd hie tempel strudou,
60 DANIEL. [712-740
Salomones sekl : swi|ie gulpon.
pii wear)) bllj^eiiKid burga aldor,
gealp gramliee gode on andan, 71.") cw:t|) I'JBt his herg'is liyiran wairou
and niihtigrau nianniun to fri|»e,
j'onne Israela 6ce drihtcn.
Him );vs tilcen wear)', jiir he 16 starude
egeslic for eoilum innan heaHe, 720 |)a?t he for l^dum lygeword gec\vivj»,
yd \)XY in egesan engel drihtncs
16t his hand cuman in \xt heliseld,
wrAt pfi in wage worda geryun
l)as\ve bOcstafas burhsittendum. ~-2'> }5u wear)) folctoga forht on niAde,
acul for )»am egesan, geseah he engles hand
in sele writan Sennara wite.
pjet g^-ddedon guniena msienigoo
hjele]) in healle, hwa^t s^) hand write 730 t6 I'ani btOiene Imrhsitteudum,
werede c6inon on [set wimdoi- sdbn :
s6hton )n\ swiJ'C in sefan gehyduni,
hwffit S(A) hand write hAliges gSstes.
Ne mihton ftnedan rftncrai'ftige men 73o engles jerendbec, ffijiehnga eyn,
6]y I'ffit Daniel c<!>m drihtne geeoren
snotor and sdj'fajst in ]>xt seld gangan,
))ara wa3s on gdste godes craift raicel.
T6 pam ic georne gefra^gn gyfnm ct^pian 740 burge weard, ]'iiet he him bOcstafas
anedde and Arehte, hwset s^ rCin bade.
Him jecraiftig andswarode
godes spelV)oda gl(^iw gej'ances :
" X6 ic wip feolisceattum ofer folc bere 74.J drihtnes dAmas. ne ](i dugeje can I
ac 1 c unctTapunga orlKg secge,
747-765] DANIEL.
worda gerynu, ]k ]ni wendiin ue miht. J)ii for aumedlau iu i«ht btere hClslfatu hAlegii on hand werum :
750 on ]>km. go d^oflii driucan ongunnou, ])k sev Israela in & luiefdon ffit godes earce, 6)» ] set hie gylp beswAc, windruncen gewit : sw4 ]^& wurj'an sceal ! N6 ]'jet )'in aldor iefre wolde
755 godes goldfatu in gylp beran
ne ]'}- hra]'or hi'fimde, jelih ]:e here l)rohte IsraSla gestrdbu iu his ^hte geweald, ac paet oftor gecwaej' aldor pdbda s6)nim wordum ofer sin maegen,
760 sippan hira wuldres weard wundor gecypde, pajt he w;^re fina ealra gesceafta drihten and waldend, se him ddni forgeaf, unscyndue bl^d eorpan rices : and ]ift lignest nu, pset sie lifgende,
765 se ofer d(^)flum duge}mm wealdej' ! "
61
YARIAJSTTS, BIBLIOGRAPHY,
AND
GLOSSARY.
VAEIANTS.
CONTRACTIONS.
B., Bonterwek. Diet., Dietrich. Ettm., Ettiiiiiller. Gr., Grain.
J., Junius. I.., Lye.
Ms., Manuscript. Si., SieverB.
T., Thorpe.
EXODUS.
LINE
4. up-rodor, T. 8. werode, Ms. J. 15. andsaca, Ms. J.
17. mago-rjeswum, B.
18. on wist (into the abundance), Ms. J. B. T.
22. feonda (repeated), Ms. J.
23. naegde = hnigan (to bow),!,. 27. sige rice, T.
33. ingere, Ms. T. (of old), iu gere, B.
34. witum = wisuni, T. 36. fele dreamas, B. T.
40. dryrmde, Ms. B. T., J>rys- myde (ode) (cover), Diet.
44. la> sih Ms. T.
45. freond, Ms., feond, T.
46. heofon (heaven), T.
49. J>aes = J'st, B. T. ; swa =: who. 55. mago-reewa, Ms. J. 57. leod-geard, Gr. 69. gfljj-niyrce (hostile frontier), T. 61. heald (heold), T., mor-heald (marshi/). Diet.
LINE
66. aelf-ere.Ms.T., ael-f ere (fare). Diet., el-fare, Gr. ; at-anes, J.
67. niearc-landum, T.
68. ge-nyddon, Ms. T. B. 70. beorh-hleo^o, T.
78. hate, Ms., hx\e\) = hselel>as.
79. daeg-sceades, L. 81. swegle, Ms. B. T.
86. Omissions by copyist. 93. foran — foron.
104. lif-weg, Ms. B. T., lift-weg, Diet.
105. swegl-sihe, Ms. B. T.
113. sceaJ>o, Ms. T.
114. neah(satis), Ettm.
119. oferclamme, Ms. T. B., fser-clamme. Diet.; ge-twtef, Ms.
121. bell egsan (cry of terror), Ms. Diet. T., bael egsan, B.
122. in J)am, B. T.
126. rihte, Ms.
127. sweoton, Ms.
128. leo, for leod, Ms. 131. bcton, B. T.
66
VARIANTS.
LINK
lo4. han, Ms.
130. on nicd, Ms. B. T.
141. Ms. here defective.
142. he, omitted B. T.
145. an-twig {about a rod), Ms. T., an-wig, Diet.
157. of er holt (over theholt), Ms.T.
158. follows 160, Ms. B. T.
101. hwTeopon, Ms. T., hreopan, Si.; on wael, Diet.
102. hrasfen gol, omitted B. T. 100. gu}>es gifre, B. ; beodan =
bidon (aivaited), Gr.
107. ful (fnd), Ms. B. T.
109. ge-li£'ged (hemmed in), B. T.; ge-hn£ged (subdued), Diet.
172. segn-cyning, Ms.
170. hwajl, T.
178. freond on-sigon, Ms. B. T.
179. eagan, T.
181. heora-wulfas, Ms., here-w-, T.B.
184. tirea-digra, B.
180. on })am eorb (eard)nce, T.
190. inge(ginge) men, Diet.
191. cut' eft ge-bad, B., (oft-)ge- bad (mvaited), Ms. T.
194. ec an-lseddon (also, led on), B. T. L.
199. brotra, T. 204. wlence, Gr.
200. ge-ladc (way), T. B. Diet. 207. ge-sce'bn. Diet.
210. benum, T. 222. burgum, Ms. 220. rofra, Gr. 227. a;J>elan, B. T. 233. wac, Ms. B. T.
239. sweor (grief) , Gr., swor (sar), T.
242-43. git, T. ; wigan, T.
240. ge-gan mihte, not in B. T. 249. beorhtust,Si.;bidon=buton
Ms,, bugon, B., bufon, T.
LINE
253. beo-hata (surety), Ms. Diet. T.B.
255. ge-hyrden.
204. moten.
205. egian.Ms., xglian (torment), Diet.
271. bidden.
277. heod, Ms., heoden, T. 281. tacne, Ms. B. T. 283. waeteren, Diet. ; and, omitted T., =for, Gr.
285. J>a = J>aer, T.
287. fage (variegated), Ms. B. T.
288. in ece (through eternity), T.
289. sealte, T., sa3l)>e, Diet.
290. bring, Ms. T.
291. span (join), Ms. Ettm. T., a-spaw, B.
290. rehe, Diet.
298. wraeclicu (foreign), J.
305. yj>a weall, not in B. T.
307. hie, B., hi, T.; ge-hyrden, Ms.
309. sances, Ms. B. T. ; bland = blan (ceased), T.
313. anon orette,Ms. T., =onette, T.
321. leor, Ms. T.
326. hraca, Ms. T.
333. sae-wicengas, B. T.
339. gearu, Ms. T.
340. forh, omitted T. 343. gu>-cyste, Ms.
345. begong, not in T., be-gin, B. 350. for, omitted B. T. ; folcum, T.J.
302. nihe-flodas (dire floods), T. 304. dren-floda, Ms. 309. falden (concealed). Diet. 374. ste-lida, T.
384. ge-lirde, J.
385. stigan, T. 392. alhn, Ms. J. 390. ge-worhton.
VARIANTS.
67
LINK
405. to lafe, Ms.
411. eaferan, B. T.
412. eagurrf (ecgum), T,
413. god, Ms. B. T. 424. aldre, B. T.
428. sceattas, Ms.; maegen. 431. ne, Ms., for he, J. 433. weard, omitted B. T. 436. yldo, Ms. B. T. 441. sund, Ms. J. 443. inca t>eode, Ms. T., incre )>eode, B.
453. bltt'e (bleahe), T.
454. ge-nap (cloud), Ms. T. 456. be-hindan, Ms.
465. eyre, Ms.
466. sees aet ende, Ms. B. T.
469. nere (refuge), L., nep (neap) (haste), Gr., nef, T.
470. barenoden (laid bare), Ms. B. T.
471. on, omitted T. B.
475. fah (hostile) waes se gaest, B,, fah (flC-ah) f»ge gaest (spirit of death), T.
487. elpend, Gr., helpendran, T.
490. steap, T. L.
491. witod (appointed), T., wit-rod (rad) (magic). Diet.
498. on bogum, Ms. B. T.
499. mode-waega (proud waves), Ms. B. T.
LINE
500. ge-drecte, Ms. J.
501. on-£eond, Ms. J., on-fand, T.
502. grund, not in B. T.
503. J'ffit waes, Ms. B. T.
604. huru (yet), B., heoro, T., (heora).
513. spilde, not in B. T.
514. t'e for he, T. 516. moyse, Ms. J. 518. nemned, T.
524. ginfaesten (widely powerful), T.
525. ge-regenod (prepared), Diet. B.
529. metodes, B. T.
531. lyst, B., = lif, T.
532, a-wyrded (spoiled). Diet., wirecum. Si.
534. healdeK Ms. B. T. 539. eftwyrd (afterward), T. 545. is, omitted B. T. 555. ufon, Ms. B. T.
569. ge-feon, Ms. B.
570. hit = hie, T.
573. herge, omitted T., hild- frumum, B.
585. madmas, Ms. B. T.
586-87. 8ceo(d), Ms. B. T., = sceode (divided), sceo-gold, L.
589. mae, Ms.
DANIEL.
19. an-forleton (abandoned), T. 22. }>ege driht, Ms. J.; hweorfan for-lifgan, T. B.
29. me for hie, Ms. J.
34. )>eodne, T., \>km )>e, T.
35. wis>e, Ms. J., wisode, B. 37. dugo)>a dyrust, Ms. B. T.
38. herepoj), Ms.
41. to l^aere, T.
63. het, after faran, T.
55. haer supplied, Gr.
56. lufan = lufon (leofan), T.
57. J>a eac, Ms. B. T. 61. ge-streono, Ettm.
68
VA in A NTS.
(iO. fea.Ms.T.B., fOo(h),Ettm. ; frOos = freogas, Gr.
71. dO'ina, Si.
73. otor (without), Ms.T.,Gton,B.
77. leodc, Ms. B.
84. inilitcn.
88. frt-an, T. B., frag, Gr.
90. in gMcl sEede {o/ijood nice), T., {/ear of God), Diet. " 1)7. cyMon, Ms. T.
101. dit'de = didoii (T.)
118. woma, Ms. T.
110. wajs = waef (contrived), Gr.
130. after, Ms. T.
141. ne ge, Ms.
148. sieden.
152. t^aes for wajs, Ms. J.
1(50. wyrda {/(itcs), T. B.
170. w(-)h, Ms.
173. burh-weardas, B. T.
176. forKim he, T.
177. riht, Ms.
189. >a \>e for hie, T.
191. rserdon, B. T., (rarden).
192. on hcrige, Ms.T.; byrige, D. 105. a^lmihtigne, T.
107. gyld, Ms. B. T.
200. bote, Ms.
202. ge-baedan (persuade), T.
205. wseron, Ms. T. B.
206. hearan (proud), Ms. B. T.
207. began, Ms. J., hC-anian, B., liergan = heran.
214. woldon, T. B., (wolden). 216. gylde, B.
210-20. ge-lffiston, T., ge-lajsten, B., (a-wacoden).
221. (ne J^an) maegen hwyrfe (high course), T., (hwyrfen).
222. (wilneden).
227. ge-lieded, Ms. T. B. 232. genge, T. R.
234. fyr-liges, T.
235. weard (treasure), Gr.
LINE
236. haliga, T.
240. ne . . . r.h-faesten, not in B. T. 247. on-stealle, Ms., on-steallan (erect), T., on-stellan, B. 255. on teso (to destructioti), Gr. 263. gauge (course), Ms. T. B.
265. hen, Ms.
266. fyr fyr-scyde, Ms. J.; fyr- sian (reviove), Diet.
267. halgan,B., (hwurfon) (cnih- tum).
2()8. Ki I'C, Ms. B.; ge-fsegon.T.B.
277. deaw-drepan, B., deaw-drias (dripas), Ms. T.
287. d»da for daga, Codex, E,\. (sindon).
289. Interpolated line.
294. )>rea-nydum, T., hearfuni, Codex, Ex.
296. be-legde, T.
297. dydon.T.
299. burh-sittendum, Ms. J.
301. (sindon).
305. Ki us ec, Ms. T.
306. ajht-ge-wealde, B.
311. hniga)> (incline), T. B. L.; hligah (invite), Gr. 317. frum-eyn, Ms.
321. had, B., ge-hat (promise), Gr.
322. o\> brim-fludas (sea), B. 324. ear-grynde, B., geond ear-
grund (sea-bottom), Codex, Ex., me are gryndeK Ms. T.; un-rima (in- finite), Ms. T.
328. hffit H, T.
343. leoma(n), B. T. ; liges, B.
348. hit, not in Codex, Ex.
364. woruld sceafta wuldor, Co- dex, Ex.
366. rihtne, T.
372-73. (domigen) (lofigen).
377. (herigen).
379. folcen farv (heaven's course), T.
VARIANTS.
G9
LINE
381. (blestigen) (bletsigen).
393. J)inne (hyra), T.
404. wurj?aj>, B.
407. ge-wur)>a>, Ms. J., ferh>(e), B. T.
410. ealde, B. T.
413. syndon, T.
416. selfa, B. T.
422. gjedelinge, B.
429. nis hit, B.
435. benne, T., (bendas).
442. heanne, Ms.
446. stepton (exalted), B. T.; hine, T.
451. se, B. T.
454. rahte (reahte), Diet., (haef- den).
465. m\> ac godes, Ms.
480. monig, B. T.
497. him ge-Iic, T.
500. he = him, T.
508. naman, T., (namen).
518. wille, T.
538. mihte, B., mihtum, T.
LINE
554. heanne, B. T.
562. and ymb, T.
563. bih, T., lib = ligeh Gr. 575. msel-mete, T.
582. ware, T.
591. wean and, omitted in T.
600. weold, B. T.
603. heah (burli), B. T.
009. earh Ms. T.
616. wut) = waj. {way), B. T. ; swa he, Gr.
618. be-rehte, T.
623. locode, T.
628. J.!fis J>e, B.
633. ge-^afian, B., -J^olian, T.
658. 6fstlice,B., god-spellode, Gr.
695. frea sjede, T., frasade {tempt). Diet.
710. hleo^or-cwyde {prophecy), T.
718. J.2et, T.
740. burh-ge-weordas, B. T.
748. bere for bsere, B. T.
756. ne = he. T.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
A. EDITIONS.
1655. Ccedmonis Monachi Paraphi-asis Poetica Genesios ac praeo'pu- arum Sacrce pagince Historiarum, abhinc annos M. LXX. Anglo- Saxonice conscripta, et nunc primum edita a Francisco Juni'o, MDCLV. This edition is in the old forms, without translation or comment. It is very valuable, however, in being the first authentic edition. It was printed at Amsterdam. The original Ms. on which it is based was found in the seventeenth century by Usher^ through whom it came to Junius. The Ms. was given by Junius to the Bodleian Library, at Oxford, where it is still preserved. It is a small folio of 229 pages. The remaining 17 pages (Book II.) are imperfect in style and transcription.
1832. Ccedmon's Metrical Paraphrase of Parts of the Holy Scriptures, in Anglo-Saxon. By Benjamin Thorpe, London. This ranks as the first Anglo-Saxon publication of the Society of Antiquaries in London. The text is given in the old forms and is translated into English. It has preface, notes, and a valuable verbal index.
1851-54. C(edmon's des Angelsachsen hiblische Dichtungen. By K. W. Bouterwek. Elberfeld and London. This edition is an exhaustive one. After a scholarly introduction, there follow the text with critical notes ; the translation into German Prose, and the Glossary, in Saxon and Latin. It closes with an Anglo-Latin verbal index, and an index of selected Anglo-Saxon words.
1857. Ausgabe von Chr. Grein in seiner : Bibliothek der Angelsachsi- schen Poesie. Gottingen. This edition of our oldest poetry, including Cffidmon, has valuable notes and an invaluable Glossary.
Wiilker's promised complete revision of Grein, part of which has appeared (1883), will be awaited with scholarly interest.
B. TRANSLATIONS.
1832. In Thorpe's edition, already mentioned, the translation is in English Verse.
72 BIBLIOGKAI'HY.
1851-54. In Bouterwek's edition, as mentioned, this translation is in German Prose.
1852-54. Ctedmon's Schopfung und Ahfcdl der hSsen Engel. By J. P. E. Greverus. Oldenburg. This, also, is in German PVose.
1857. In Grein's Dichtungen der Angelsachsen, is found a. translation in German verse, alliterative in character. Gottingen.
1860. The Fall of lifan or Paradise Lost of Cadmon. By W. H. F. Bosanquet. London. This is a free rendering in English heroic verse of a portion of Genesis.
There is an introduction on Caedmon's Versification.
C. MISCELL.\NEOUS AUTHORITIES.
Watson's Cadmon, the first English Poet.
Turner's History of the Anglo-Saxons.
Conybeare's Illustrations of A. S. Poetry (1826).
"Wright's Biographica Brilannica Literaria. Vol. I., 1850.
Ettmiiller's Scopus and Boceras (Engla and Seaxna).
Ettmiiller's Handhuch der deiitechen Litter aturgeschiclde. 1847.
Taine's History of English Literature.
Morley's English Writers. Vol. I., Part I.
Ilammerich's Alteste chrisdiche Epik. 1874 (translated).
Grein's Angelsachsische Grummatik. 1880.
Ten-Brink's Early English Literature (to Wiclif).
Bouterwek's C(edinon (Introduction).
Brother .'\zarias' Development of English IJterature.
Longfellow's Poets and Poetry of Europe. 1838.
G. P. Marsh's Origin and History of the English Language.
Bouterwek's Ueher Ciedmon. Elberfeld, 1845.
Sievers' Collationen, in Ilaupt's Zeitschrift. Bd. 15.
Dietrich's Tertverbesserungen : Zu Caedmon, in Ilaupt's Zeitschrift. Bd. 10.
Pfeiffer's Germania. Bd. 10.
Sandras' De Carminihus Anglo- Saxonicis Ccedmoni. Paris, 1859.
Balg's Der Dichter Cadmon. Bonn, 1882.
Giitzinger's Ueber die Dichtungen. Gottingen, 1860.
Bede's Histor. eccles. gentis Anglorum. Lib. IV., cap. 24. Holder's edition. 1882.
Strobl's Exodus, in Pfeiffer's Germania. XX.
Ebert's Exodus, in Anglia. Bd. V.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 73
Kemble's Bibliotheca Anglo- Sax. 1837.
Anglia, X. Band. 1 Heft. (1887), pp. 157-167.
In other authors, as Zupitza, Grimm (J), Groschopp, and in otlier periodicals, as Englische Studien, Zeitscrift fur deutsche Philologie, etc., helpful material on Casdmon and related topics may be found. The above Bibliography, given, in the main, in Wiilker's Grundriss, is meant to be but partial, the more exhaustive collation being left to the editor of Genesis.
CONTRACTIONS.
B., Beowulf.
D., Daniel.
Ex., Exodus.
f., feminine.
m., masculine.
M., March (figures after M. refer to
M.'s Grammar). n., neuter.
pret.-pree., preterite-present.
8., Sweet.
St., strong.
8t. v., strong verb.
w., with.
wk., weak.
wk. v., weak verb.
Other contractions will be easily understood by the student.
GLOSSAEY.*
The genitive Bingular and the gender of each noun are given, as, also, the three chief parts of each verb. Sweet's classification of strong and of weak verbs, as found in the last edition of his Reader, is given ; also, that of March. The order of words is strictly alphabetical. Any omission of words or definitions or chief parts of irregular verba may be supplied by a reference to Harrison and Baskervill's Dictionary.
A.
a, adv., ever, always, forever, D. 189, 324, 596.
a-bannan, ben, bannen, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to order, summon, proclaim, call out or aiva7j. a- ban )>u ba beornas, D. 428.
a-bebdan, bead, boden, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to order, command, announce, offer, stefne a-bead, D. 510.
Abraham, -es, st. m., Abraham. sumim Abrahames (Israelites) , Ex. 18, 273, 379, etc.
a-brecan, braec, brocen, st. v., S. 4, M. 1, to break, break open, conquer, take by storm, destroy. hsefde . . . a-brocene, Ex. 39; a-brocen hsefdon, D. 63, 689, 700.
a-bredan, br^d, brOden, (bre- den), St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to siving, draw, remove, withdraw, draio back, eow is lar godes a-bro- den of bre'bstiini, Ex. 269.
a-bregdan, braegd, brogden,
(bregden) , see a-bredan. a-bre'btan, breat, broten, st. v.,
S. 7, M. 3, to break, break to pieces, destroy, kill, billiim a- breotan, Ex. 199.
a-brocen, see a-brecan.
a-brOden, see a-bredan.
ac, conj., but, but yet, but also. Ex. 415,456, 488, etc.; D. 107, 118, 170, etc.
a-ceorfan, cearf, corfen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to cut, cut off, hew, separate.
acl, adj., clear, sounding, sonorous, Ex. 578.
acol, adj., timid, affrighted, ex- cited by fear, D. 124; acul, D. 726.
a-cwej>an, cwaej>, cweden, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to speak out, say out, say. )>a word a-cw8ej>, D. 283.
ad-fyr, -es, st. n.,Jire of the fune- ral pile, fire of sacrifice, ad-fyr on-bran, Ex. 398.
a-dranc, see a-drincan.
* For the reading of the Glossary, both in Ms. and proof, the editor is greatly obliged to Professor J. M. Garnett, of the University of Virginia, and to Charles W. Kent, Ph.D., of the University of Virginia, for valuable aid in the accentuation of the Glossary.
76
GLOSSAUY.
li-droncan, tc, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. G, to drown, submerge. ma'gen waes a-drenced, Ex. 458.
&-drincan, dranc, dnincen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to be drowned, immersed, quenched. lig-fyi' adranc, Ex. 77.
Adzarias, -as, st. m., Azariah, D. 1)1.
&, St. f., indec, lav-, right, reli- gious rite{s), D. 1U(), 21i).
ft-craeft, -es, st. m., skill in the law, knoidedge of the hue, reli- gious obsen-ance(s) . hie (Is- rael) se-crajftas ane for-leton, D. 19.
^-craeftig. adj., skilled in the law, tcise, D. 742.
^-faest, adj., observant of the law, devout, pious, se-fitste cuihtas, D. 89, 248, 272, etc.
&fen, -es, st. n., even, evening. sefena ge-liwam = every evening, Ex. 108.
*fen-leo)», -es, st. n., an evening song, atol jefen-k'o)>, Ex. \G'), 201.
sef-last, -es, st. m., a wandering from the way, departure, a'f- lastura ge-v,-una = tvont to wan- der(?), Ex. 473.
&fre, adv., ever, ahcays, D. 139.
aefter, prep. w. dat., (a) local, after, over, along,among,through, throughout. aefter . . . flod- wege=T along the flood-way , Ex. IOC ; aifter beorgum = along or over the slopes, Ex. 132, 212; \a\> a-f ter lahum, Ex. 195. So Ex. 331, 340, 347, 3.50, etc.; aefter foldan = over the earth, Ex. 396 ; a?fter burgiim = through the cities, Ex. 510.
(?)) temporal, after, dunng, throughout, Ex. 5, 109, 299, 564, D. 78.
(c) causal, after, about, on ac- cou7it of, in consequence of, for the purpose of aefter mal>mum = according to treasures, Ex. 143. Av. ace. = after, according to, T>. 456, 571, 637, etc.
aefter, adv., after, afterward, then, thereupon, word oefter sprsec, Ex. 417, U. 186.
&g-hwa, adj. pro. indef., every one, everything, xg-liwecs = at all, quite, altogether, D. 107.
^g-hw&J»er, Indef. pro., each, each (of two) , either, both, M. 136, 5 (b). hara seg-hwseher = each of which, Ex. 95.
ftg-hwilc, indef . pro., every, every one, each one, v:hosoever, Ex. 188. cuhe seg-hwilc = each one kneio, Ex. 351.
*g-hwylc, see &g-hwilc.
aegnian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to vex, frighten, disquiet, tor- ment, aegnian mid yrm)>um, Ex. 265.
5;ht, -e, St. f., property, posses- sion's), riches, power, in afeht f or-geaf = gave into (his) pos- session, Ex. 11, D. 34, 43, 67, 704, etc.
jel-beorht, adj., very bright, all- glorious, shining, D. 337.
aeled, -es, st. m., fire, fire-brand, burning, D. 243.
ael-faer, -e, st. f., the whole army, army, mid ael-fere, Ex. 66.
a^l-fer, see ael-faer.
ael-meahtlg, see ael-mihtig.
ael-messe, see ael-mysse.
ael-niihtig, adj., almighty, D. 274, 368, etc.
GLOSSARY.
77
ael-mj'sse, -an, wk. f., alms, aJms- (jivincj, benefit, D. 587.
&nig, inclef. pron., any, any one, a single one. ^ebda aBnigre = any nation, Ex. 326, 455, 508; giimena &mg, — any man, D. 670.
*r, adv., ere, earlier, before, soon- er, early, Ex. 28, 138. \>&r &y — lohere before, Ex. 457. Also, prep, ser glade = fte/ore sunset, Ex. 293( ?) ; ser-^on = before that, D. 35, 116.
»er-deeg, -es, st. m., daion, early day, morn, to J>am 8er-daege = at dawn, Ex. 198.
*r-de'a>, -es, st. m., early death, Ex. 539.
*ren, adj., brazen, made of brass, Ex. 216, D. 520.
^rende, -es, st. m., message, tid- ings, business, (errand), debp aerende = an important message, Ex. 518.
*rest, adj. and adv., sup. of xr, first, erst, at first, before all, J). 133, 185.
&rend, -b6c, -e, st. f., « message, letter, D. 735.
^r-glaed, adj., gleaming in brazen arms, shining, Ex. 293(?).
jerost, sup. of £er, see aerest.
ifet, -es, St. m., food, meat, setes on wenan = in hope of food, Ex. 165.
aet, prep. w. dat., («) local, at, near, by, on, in, with, upon, as to. landes a3t ende, Ex. 128, 466.
(6) temporal, at, at the time of, during, near, in, to. set si- l)estan — at last, D. 31 ; set frynij>e=i>i the beginning, at first, D. 35; aet middere niht = at midnight, Ex. 37; set eude =
at an end, Ex. 267 ; xi win-bege, D. 17.
w. ace. = to, up to, into, as far as, as to. aet-beran, baer, boren, st. v., S.
4, M. 1, to bring to, carry to, produce, bear away, show, D. 538.
aet-gaedere, adv., together, at the
same time, Ex. 190, 214, etc. aet-niman, nam, nuinen, st. v.,
5, 4, M. 1, to take from, take aimy from, deprive, ne wolde him . . . beam set-niman, Ex. 414.
fet-ywan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to disclose, shoic, annoiince, appear.
.^>an, -es. st., Etham, Ex. 66.
aej>ele, adj., noble, ilhistrious, Ex. 186. {Bj^eles cynnes = of noble race, Ex. 227, D. 89, 193.
8e>eling, -es, st. n., nobleman, chief, prince, man, (God), D. 525, 551, etc.
ae}>elo, st. f. and n. plu., raiik, nobility, family, noble descend- ants, Ex. 339, 353.
8e>elu, see 8e>elo.
a-faeran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to terrify, frighten, make to fear, folc wses a-fajred, Ex. 446.
a-faestnian, ode, od, wk. v.. S. 2, M. 6, to fasten, bind, fix on or tipo7i, strengthen, 'Ex. 85. sear- wum a-fsestnod, D. 40.
a-faran, for, faren, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to go forth, go away, de- part, remove, lit a-forou, D. 6.
a-feallan, feol, feallen, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to fall, fall down, make to fall, kill . f oran a-feallan , D . 55*7.
78
GLOSSARY.
afera, -an. ^vk. ni., son, descend- ant, successor, = (c)afora, Ex. 411.
Afrisc, adj., African, of Africa, Ex. 571).
after, see aefter.
agan, ahte, pret. pres., to oivn, have, possess, Ex. 317. so K' sped ahte, Ex. 513, D. G2, 612, 080, etc.
&-gangan, geng, gangen, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to jmss by, pass over, happen, befall, yo forth, on wite a-gangcn, D. 270.
&gen, adj., oxen, ptecxiUar, proper, Ex. 418.
&gend, -es, st. ra., part., master, lord, oivner, Ex. 295.
a-gifan, geaf, (gaef), gifen, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to (jive back, re- store, deliver, give tip, impart, lose, a-ga^f him . . . lafe, D. 453.
&-gltan, geat, giten, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to bring to nought, destroy, put out, overturn, (raere-de'aj') . . . a-geat gylp wera= brought to nought their boasting, Ex. 514.
ftg-lac, -es, St. m. and n., grief, misery, torment, bitter hate, mis- fortune, fighting , D. 238.
ag-l^c, see ag-iac.
&-hafen, see a-hebban.
a-hebban, h6f, hafen, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to heave up, raise, exalt, erect, bord up a-hof , Ex. 253, 581, etc.
S.-hicgan, hogode (ade), od, wk. v., S. 1, M. fi, to think out, de- vise, search, invent, D. 130, 147.
a-hleapan, hle'bp, hleapen, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to leap up, spring up, jump, exalt, a-lile'bp . . . hilde-calla = the war -herald sprang up, Ex. 252,
si-hle'bp. see A-hle'apan. a-h6f, see a-hebban. ft-hweorfan, hwearf, hworfen,
St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to turn aside, aivay from, to turn, move, 1). 030, etc.
a-hycgan, see a-hipgan.
a-hydan, de, ed, wk. v.,S. 1, M. 0, to hide away, conceal, hide. heolstor a-hydan, Ex. 115.
a-l^dan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 0, to lead forth, lead, come forth, produce, ut a-lsedde, Ex. 187.
a-ISttan, let, l&ten, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to permit, endure, allow, pardon, give up, free, 1). 254, 263, etc."
aid, adj., old, of yore, ancient, aged, Ex. 33, 285; as noun, ealde, Ex. 359 ; as comp. yldra = elder, Ex. 141, 403, etc.
aldor, -es, st. m., chief, master, lord, prince, (elder) ; pi. ances- tors, le^oda aldor, Ex. 12 ; we- rodes aldor, Ex. 31, 270, D. 467, 549, etc.
aldor, -es, st. n.,life, age, old age, time, D. 450. awa to ealdre = forever, Ex. 424.
aldor-dOm, -es, st. m., power, sovereignty, dominion, Ex. 317, 335, D. 641, 682, etc.
aldor-frea, -an, wk. m., king, chief, lord, D. 46.
aldor-lagu, -e, st. f., fate, ap- pointed time, life's destiny, death. dat. aldor-lege, D. 139.
a-lcsan, laes, lesen, st. v., S. 5, M. I, to choose, select, pick out. haefde . . . alesen, Ex. 183; wses . . . alesen, Ex. 228.
alh, -es, St. in., hall, palace, shrine, temple, alh haligne, Ex. 392.
GLOSSARY.
79
alh-stede, -es, st. m., a hall-place,
palace, D. 690. all, see eaU. As noun, D. 62. al-walda, -an, wk. m. ; also adj., almighty, almighty one, all-rul- ing (God), ece al-walcla, Ex. 11.
al-wlhte, St. f. plu., all things, creation, Ex. 420. metod al- wilita = disposer of all, God, D. 14.
a-lyfan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to allow, grant, concede, leave. a-lyfed . . . le'bde = it was per- mitted the people, Ex. 44, 532.
a-lysan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to ransom, release, se hie . . . a.-lysde = who them released, D. 452.
an, num. adj., one, the one, a cer- tain one, single, alone, only, each, every, anes modes = of one mind, Ex. 305 ; an (on- orette) = alone, Ex. 313 ; he ana = he alone, Ex. 439 ; an (wisode) — a certain one, Ex. -348; anra ge-hwilc = eacA one, Ex. 187, 227 ; an . . . oj'er — the one, the other, D. 91; ane for-leton = left alone, forsook, D. 19.
Ananias, st. m., Hananiah, D.91.
an-bid, -es, st. n., delay, waiting, hope, expectation, Ex. 533.
and, conj., and, Ex. 1, 10, 13, 19, etc., D. 6, 60, 89, etc.; prep., with, over, against, on, into, for, before, and weal-faesten = into or f or a wall C?),!:^. 283. Also, as a prefix, and-saca, Ex. 15.
anda, -an, wk. m., anger, envy, hate, D. 344, 714.
an-daege, adj., /or one day, daily. an-dsegne fyrst, Ex. 304, M. 295 (a).
and-saca, 'an, Wk. m., adver- sary, enemy, denier, apostate. godes and-sacan = deniers of God, (enemies), Ex. 15, 502, D. 669.
and-swarian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to answer, reply, D. 127, 782, etc.
and-wig, -es, st. m., repulse, re- sistance, battle, Ex. 145.
anga, wk. adj., sole, only, angan . . . yrfe-lafe = only inheritance (heir) (Isaac), Ex. 403.
an-getrum, -es, st. n., a host, squadron, an illustrious host, an array, Ex. 334.
an-gln, -es, st. n., a beginning, an attempt, undertaking, action, a cause, D. 125.
an-hydig, adj., single-minded, firm, constant, brave, D. 605.
an-I&dan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to lead on, conduct to, Ex. 194.
an-medla, -an, wk. ra., pride, ar- rogance, insolence, D. 748.
&n-nidd, adj., of one mind, with one accord, rinanimous, brave, steadfast, Ex. 203.
an-p3ej>, -es, st. m , a narrow or lonely path, Ex. 58.
an-wadan, wQd, waden, st. v.,
5. 2, M. 4, to invade, come upon, attack, seize upon. Me (Israel) wlenco an-w6d, D. 17.
an-wl6h, adj., ornamented, adorned, D. 585.
ar, -es, st. m., a messenger, ser- vant, legate, man, D. 551.
kr, -e, St. f., glory, honor, fame, grace, help, favor, D. 454.
a-r*dan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to interpret, decipher, unfold, reveal, D. 734, 741.
80
GLOSSARY.
a-ra-maii. <le. e<l. \vk. v.. S. l.M.
(i. to riiic, ftaml )ip. \\p a-r&m-
de se eorl, Ex. 411. a-r<feran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
»i. to rear, elevate, lift up, arouse,
rise up, Ex. 295, 320, D. 191. a-ras. see a-risan. ar-craeftig, adj., strong in honor,
honorable, respectful, D. 551. are. -an, wk. f., dignity, honor.
mid aran, Ex. 245. See ar. a-reafian. ode, od, wk. v., S. 2,
M. (!, to rob, deprive, destroy,
dixide, despoil, Ex. 290. a-reccan, rehte, wk. v., S. 1, M.
ti, to declare, explain, spread out,
D. 1.S3, 582, etc. a-risan, ras, risen, st. v., S. G,
M. 2, to arise, spring up. werod
eall aras = the host all arose, Ex.
100, 129, 299, etc. a-s*lan, de. ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
ti. to bind, fasten, fetter, Ex. 470. a-sceppan, scop, seeapen, st. v.,
5. 2, M. 4, to do, make, fix, ap- point, f'stablish, determine. Also, isct'op, scapen, S. 1, M. 5, Ex. 381.
a-secgan, sa»(g)de, sae(g)d, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to tell, explain, de- clare, deliver, speak out, D. 129, 156.
a-settan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to set down, lay down, set tip or in.
a-stah, sec a-stigan.
a-stigan, stah, stigen, st. v., S.
fi, M. 2, to ascend, scale, ascend
to, mount up, arise (descend).
a-stah, Ex. 107, 302, etc., 1). 118,
495. a-swebban, efede, ed, wk. v., S.
1, M. 6, to put to sleep, destroy,
kill, lose, Ex. 836. a-swefede, see a-swebban-
a-tebn, teah, togen, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to draw forth or out, move forth, journey, up a-teon = <0 ascend, move up, array, Ex. 490.
atol, adj., hostile, dire, terrible, frightful, Ex. 165, 201.
aj>, -es, st. m., an oath, he a)' swerel>, Ex. 431.
a-J»encan, ]>6hte, )»6ht, wk. v.,
5. 1, M. 6, to invent, conceive, thi)tk out, remember, D. 146.
a)>-swaru, -e, st. f., oath-swear- ing, oath, Ex. 558.
awa, adv., ever, always, Ex. 424.
a-wacan, w6c, wacen, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to awake, arise, spring forth.
a-wacian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to decline, abstain, desist, turn from, 1). 220 (a-wa- codon) .
a-weccan, hte, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to awaken, arouse, excite, in- cite, a-wchte )>one, D. 46.
a-^veorpan, wearp, worpen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to cast aside, out, reject, contest, D. 589.
a-wiht, -e, St. f., also -es, st. n., aught, anything, 1). 334, 429.
a-^vinnan, •wan(n), ivunnen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to win, conciuer, endure.
a-wyrgan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to strangle, suffocate, in- jure, destroy, worry, wommum ii-v:yrged= destroyed by sin(s), Ex."532.
Azarlas, see Adzarias. D. 91.
Babilon, -es, n., Babylon, D. 47,
99, etc. Babllonla. f., Babylon, D. 70.
GLOSSARY.
81
Babilonige, adj., Babylonian, D.
173. bad, see bidan. b*dan, de, ed, Avk. \., S. 1, M.
(}, to constrain, demand, comjjel,
incite, encourage. bM, -es, St. n., a flame, hurniwj,
funeral fire, Y). 414. b^-blys, -e, st. t.,fire, blaze of
the funeral pile, furnace of fire,
Ex. 401 . in bsel-blyse — fiery
furnace, Ex. 401, D. 232. b^l-blyse, -an, wk. f., see bael-
bl^s. Also b^l-bliBse. baelc, -es, st. m. , a covering, cloud.
hsslc of er-brsedde = overspread
with a cloud, Ex. 73. beel-egesa, -an, Avk. m., dread of
the flame, terror, bael-egsan
liwe'bp = threatened with terror
of the flames, Ex. 121. baer, see beran. baernan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to burn, consume, D. 242. b8ej»-weg, -es, st. in., a bath-icay,
sea-way, sea. bset'-weges blaest,
Ex. 290. balca, -an, wk. m., a covering. Baldazar, in. irreg., Belshazzar,
D. G77. ban, -es, st. u., a bone, D. 435. bana, -an, wk. m.,ffl slayer, nmr-
derer, an otitlavi. bana wide
scral'. Ex. 39. So, bona. band, see bindan. bftn-hus, -es, st. n., bone-house,
body, Ex. 523. bannan, ben, banuen, st. v., S.
1, M. 5, to order, call, summon. basnian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2,
M. 6, to expect, await, icait for,
Ex. 470. basu, plu. we, adj., purple, crim- son, baswe boc-staf as = crm-
son letters or charactprs, D. 724.
be, prep. w. dat. and inst., {a) local, by, near, near by, at, ujiou, on, ivith, from, concerning, be suhan=0M the south, Ex. 69, 134 ; be ham liere-wisan — 07i or upon their leader, Ex. 323, D. 424. (6) temporal, while, during. be him liflgendum = during th( ir life, Ex. 324, M. 334.
(c) causal, for, on account of, according to, through, be waest- mum = according to (their) strength, Ex. 243; be feore = on pain of death, D. 101.
beacen, -es, st. n., a beacon, token, standard, image, banner, miracle, be'acen %-r&ve(\ = had raised a standard, Ex. 320 ; cigean beac- num = to summon by standards, Ex. 219, D. 191, 488.
bead, see be'cdan.
beado-searo, n. plu., arms, bat- tle weapons, Ex. 572. (beadu- searo.)
beadu-msegen, -es, st. n., a bat- tle troop, host, martial poicer. beadu-msegnes rses, Ex. 329.
beag, -es, st. m., ornament, chain, crown , plu., rings, jewels, brace- lets, Ex. 556. (beah.)
b(e)ald, adj., bold, brave, strong, Ex. 253, D. 210.
bealde, adv., boldly, D. 200.
bealo(u), -wes, st. n., bale, woe, evil, hurt, depravity. bealu benne = injury from a ivound, Ex.238. A\iio&a]., bale fill, evil, destructive, (balu), Ex. 5.
bealo-spel(l)es, st. n., evil mes- sage, tale of woe, Ex. 510.
bealu-si}>, -es, st. m., fatal jour- ney, death, calamity, Ex. 5.
82
GI.OSSAKY,
beam, -es, t>t. m.. beam, pillar, irood, tree, column (of cloud), pillar (of tire), Ex. 94, 111, D. 508, 519.
bearhtm, -es, st. in., splendor, noige, tumult, cnj. werodes ])rarlitine = trith tumult of the host. Ex. 65.
beann, -es, st. m., bosom, posses- sion, bearm scipcs, Ex. 375.
beam, see byrnan.
beam, -es, st. n. (bairn), child, boy, son, descendant (s). J^one yklo beam, Ex. 28, So. 395, 414, b. 73, 106.
bearu, -wes, st. m., tree, tcood, forest, grove, D. 500, (bearo).
be'atan, beot, beaten, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to heat, strike, shake, injure, be'bt ma'cgum, D. 265.
be-bead, see be-beodan.
be-beodan, bead, boden, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to bid, command., an- nounce, entrust, offer, deliver, Ex. 101, 215. in ge-hyld be- b^ad = delivered into custody, Ex. 382, D. 99. Also bi-beTodan.
be-bod, -es, st. n., a command, precept, D. 82, 299; plu., be- bodu (be-bodo).
be-bilgan, be'ah, bogen, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to encircle, enclose, surround, turn, avoid, (reach), D. 322. Also bi-bugan.
be-cOm, see be-cuman.
be-cuman, c6in (cwSiti), cu- men, st. v., S. 4, M. 1 and 4, to become, happen, befall, come, reach, overcome, enter, Ex. 46, D. 651. This verb is anoma- lous. Old form of pret. , cwam.
be-cwOm, see be-cuman. hj'ra f«r-spell be-cwom = sudden fear befell them, Ex. 135, 344.
be-fae>mlan, ede, ed, wk. v., S.
2, M. 6, to embrace, include, en- circle, Ex. 428.
be-faran, f6r, faren, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to go around, through, en- compass, f aeste be-farenc =: Jirmhj encompassed, Ex. 497.
be-feolan, fael, folen, st. v., S. 4, M. 1, to fix in, fasten, commit, grant, deliver, foldan be-folen, D. 560; (pret. fealh, S. 3).
be-foran, prep. w. dat., (a) local, before, in the presence of, in front of. liim be-foran = 6f'/ore them, Ex. 93. (b) temporal, sooner than. Also, &d\.= for- merly, at hand, in front.
be-gang, see be-gong.
be-gitan, geat, giten, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to obtain, acquire, take, seize, receive, befall, D. 618. Also bi-gitan.
be-gong, -es, st. m., way, circuit, course, area, Ex. 345. Also bi- gong.
be-healdan, heboid, healden, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to hold, defend, possess, inhabit, cherish, observe, take care of, behold (bi-healdan) , Ex. 109.
be-heold, see be-healdan. se ha menigeo be-heold = who pro- tected the host, Ex. 205. be- heold . . . scinan = took care to shine(r), Ex. 109.
be-hwylfan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to cover, submerge, sub- vert, destroy, ne be-hwylfan maBg = may not subvert, Ex. 426.
be-lecgan, (g)de, (g)ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to surrejund, (belay).
be-legan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 0, to blaze, surround with fire. Also bi-legan, D. 296.
GLOSSARY.
83
be-locen, see be-lucan. be-lucan, leac, locen, st. v., S.
7, M. 3, to close i)i, lock, protect, embrace, Ex. 43, 456. "vvealle be-locene, D. 69G. Also bi- lucan.
beme, -an, \vk. f., a trumpet, Ex. 216.
beii(n), -e, st. f., a icound, Ex. 238.
b§n, -e, St. f., a prayer, entreaty, boon.
bend, -es, st. m. and f., a band, bond, D. 435 (bend, -e).
be^odan, bead, boden, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to command, offer, an- nounce, bring, threaten, signify, Ex. 352. wisdom budon, D. 27. D. 647, 741 = biden (aicaited), Ex. 166. See bidan.
beo-hata, -an, wk. m., leader, prince, surety, promiser, Ex. 253.
beon, waes, ge-w^esen, irreg., to be. See wesan. Generally with future sense, bi^ eower blaed TJaicel = great glory shall be yours, Ex. 563, D. 350.
beorg, -es, st. m., hill, slope, bar- row, mountain, D. 383.
beorh, see beorg.
beorh-hli>, -es, st. u., hill-slope, height, mountain slope or height, n. plu., Ex. 448. Also beorg-hlih.
beorht, adj., bright, clear, bril- liant, noble, holy, Ex. 219, D. 9, 374. Used also as prefix.
beorht-rodor, -es, st. m., bright firmament, ether, Ex. 94.
beom, -es, st. m., hero, man, no- bleman, prince, warrior, Ex. 375, D. 70, 99.
beornan, see byrnan.
be'br-sele, -es, st. m., beer-hall, festive hall, hall, Ex. 563.
be'bt, -es, st. n., threat, boast, pledge, peril, in ham be'cte = in peril, D. 265. to be'bte, D. 200.
be'ct-hata, -an, wk. m., see bel)- hata.
beran, bser, boren, st. v., S. 4, M. 1, to bear, carry, bring for- tcard, offer, suffer, support, ob- serve, draw near, gearwe bserou = offered themselves ready, Ex. 59; beraj> = o&serve, D. 479; berel> = berah, D. 142.
be-reafian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M.
6, to bereave, plunder, spoil, I). 59. be-reccan, re(a)hte, re(a)ht,
wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to relate, re- count, explain, say, rule.
be-renian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to plan, prepare, arrange, Ex. 147. Also be-regnian.
be-reofan, reaf, rofen, st. v., S.
7, M. 3, to rob, deprive of, Ex. 36. berhtm-hwat, &6.]., quick, bright,
ready, D. 381.
be-rofen, see be-reofan.
berstan, baerst, borsten, st. v. , S. 3, M. 1, to break to pieces, burst, scatter, resound, Ex. 477, 483.
be-se^on, seah, sewen (ge-sewen), St. v., S. 5, M. 1, to look about, observe, see, gaze, inspect, D. 652.
be-snsedan,de, ed, wk. v., S. 1,M. G, to cut, circrimcise, D. 514, 556.
be-steman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to bedew, make wet, satu- rate, to steam, foam over, blode be-stemed = with blood bedewed, Ex. 448.
be-stymau, see be-steman.
be-swac, see be-s-wican, D. 29.
be-svv^lan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. G, to singe, scorch, parch. fyre be-swseled = singed with fire, D. 438.
84
GLOSSAUY.
be-swicaii, swac, swicen, st. v..
S. G, M. 2, to beguile, decciic. entice aicay. hie gylp be- swac = pride hcfjniled them, D. 752.
betan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. G, to ami'nd. rcstare, repair, cure. liyra iii!V,<ren betan = to repair their strength, Ex. 131.
betera, see g5d.
bc-twe'bnuin, prep., beticeen, amoiif/. Ex. 442, 5fi2.
be-]>ealit, see be-}>eooan.
be-J»eocan. J>eahtc, J»caht, wk. v., S. 1, 'SI. Ci, tv cover, thatch, bedeck, conceal, Ex. 60.
be-'vvindan, -wand, wunden, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to icind around, .^urrotind, shut in, D. 602. Also bi-windau.
be-wrecan, -wraec, wrecen, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to avenge, v;re.ak, drive, overturn, bring, strike. l)e-Avrjecon, D. 305.
be-wrf^iii-, wrah, wrigen, st. v., S. 6, M. 2, to cover over, conceal, hide. l)e-wrigene = hidden, D. 44.
be-wrihan. see be-^vrigan.
bidan, bad, biden, st. v., S. 6, M. 2, to await, bide, expect, wait, dicell, reach, find, Ex. 213, 249. liere . . . bad — the army awaited, Ex. 5.50.
biddan, baed, beden, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to ask, bid, pray, order, D. 295, 359, 542. biddc = 6M- den, Ex. 271.
bi-fOn, feng, fangen, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to grasp, seize, surround, embrace, mid liauda bi-fenij, Ex. 415. Also be-fon.
bi-legan, see bc-legan.
bil(l),-es,st.n., battle-axe, sniord.
billiim a-ljreotan = to destroy
with sword{s), Ex. 199. bile-wit, adj., mild, gentle, calm,
iitcrci/ul. bil-swa'j>, -es, st. n., a sicord-
track, wound, Ex. 329. bindan, band, biiiiden, st. v., S.
3, M. 1, to bind, tie. gyrd-AvIle
band, Ex. 15. biodan, see beodan. biter, adj., bitter, sharp, severe,
painftd, angry. bi-windan, see be-ivindan. bi-wreoan, see be-wrccan. bi-wrigan, see be-wrigan. blac, adj., j)aZe, shining, brilliant,
gleaming, Ex. Ill, 121. in bla-
cum mifvnn, Ex. 212, D. 246. bljed, -es, st. m., riches, success,
honor, happiness, joy, breath,
blast, Ex. 318. lissa blJed = the
joy of favors, Ex. 545, 1). 164. blied, -e, si. f., blade, leaf, flower,
fruit, 1). 500, 563. bl&st, -es, St. m., « blounng, blast,
loind, Ex. 290. bland, -es, st. n., a blending,
mingling, confusion. sanges
bland, Ex. 309. bled, -e, st. f., a blade, branch,
D. 508, 518. See bl^d. bletsigan, see bletsian. bletsian, ode, od (ad), wk. v.,
S. 2, M. 6, to bless, consecrate,
1). 359, 390. blican, blac, blicen, st. v., S. 6,
M. 2, to shine, glitter, appear,
become visible, Ex. 160, 1). 545. blinnan, blan(n), blunnen, st. v.,
S. 3, M. 1, to cease, rest, forego,
lose, be deprived of. hU]>, adj., blithe, happy, joyoxis,
Ex. 582, U. 117.
GLOSSARY.
85
blij»e-m6d, adj., happy-mindfd, cheerful, joyous, D. 713.
bl6d, -es, St. n., blood, gore, Ex. 448. flod blod ge-w6d= fcZood came upon the tmves, Ex. 462.
bl6d-egesa, -an, \vk. m., bloody terror, terror, Ex. 477.
bl6dig, adj., bloody, gory, Ex. 329. blodige \'\\hton = seemed bloody, Ex. 572.
b6c, -e, St. f ., book ; iu plu. , sarred bonks, (Bible), boca be-bodes, D. 82.
b6cere, -es, st. m., book-man, learned man, writer, author, interpreter, boceras = learned men, Ex. 530, D. 164.
boc-stoef, -es, st. m., a letter. character, D. 724, 740.
bodian, ode, od, \vk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to announce, herald, proclaim, preach, prophesy.
bodigean, see bodian. bodi- gean aefter burgiim = announce among the cities, Ex. 510.
b6g, -es, St. m., arm, limb, shoul- der, leg, (el-boio). meara bo- g\m\ = with the legs of, Ex. 171.
bOg (boh), -es, st. m., bough, branch.
boga, -an, Avk. in., a bov\ an arch.
bolgeu-mQd, adj., angry, enraged in mind.
bord, -es, st. n., a shield, board, table, buckler, bord up a-hof = raised up (his) shield, Ex. 253.
bord-hre(o)}>a, -an, wk. m., shield-covering, buckler, shield, Ex. 160.
b6t(e), -e, st. f., help, amends, remedy, penance, offering, Ex. 5. bote ge-sawon = they saw re- lief, Ex. 582 ; to bote = moreover.
brad, adj., broad, wide, spacious, Ex. 556, D. 322.
braec, see brecan.
br&dan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to spread, stretch (a tent). broaden, rise, groio ; br£'ddon = spread (their tents), Ex. 132.
braesne, see bresne.
brand, -es, st. m., brand, fire- brand, torch, D. 246.
brecan, braec, brocen, st. v., S.
5, M. 1, to break, break through, violate, vex, take by storm, (sail) . bra^c= broke through, Ex. 251.
bredan, br^d, broden (breden) ,
St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to move, drav;,
swing, strike (a tent), braid.
brodon flotan feld-husum, Ex.
222, 223. bregdan, braegd, brogden, see
bredan, st. v., S. 3, M. 1. brego, St. m., prince, ruler, D. 47,
256. bregu, see brego. Used in poe-
trj^ as a prefix. breman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to honor, celebrate, D. 406. breme, adj., famous, notable.
Also ad\ ., famously , D. 104.
breost, -es, st. n., brea.^t, bosom, mind, Ex. 269.
bre'bst-gej>anc, -es, st. m., heart- thought, reflection, thought, D. 400.
bre'bst-loca, -an, wk. m., heart- enclosure, mind, heart, D. 167.
bre'ost-net, -es, st. n., breast-net, shirt of mail, Ex. 236.
bresne, adj., brazen, strong, D. 173, 449.
brim, -es, st. n., flood, ocean, sea, wave, Ex. 290.
brinfi-faru(o), -e, st. f., sea-tmy, tcaves. sea, D. 322.
86
GLOSSARY.
bring, -es, st. m., an offering, o
gift. brlngan, brohte, ge-broht, wk.
v., S. 1, M. 0, to bring, bear, lead, produce, present, Ex. 259, D. 82.
brO>or, -or, si. m., irreg., hmtlwr.
brOJ>or-gyld, -es, ^t. n.,brother- vengeance, vengeance for broth- ers, Ex. 11)9.
brohte, see brlngan.
brudon, see bredan.
brun, adj., broicn, dark, black, Ex. 70, 498.
brS'me, see breme.
bryne. -es, st. in., fire, burning, heat. D. 240, 2(\r^.
brytnian, ode (ede), od (ed), ■wk. v., S. 2, M. G, to enjoy, dis- pense, distribute. Avelan bryt- nedon, D. G91.
bryttian, ode (ede), od (ed), wk. v., S. 2, M. (i, to distribute, enjoy, D. 072. Also brittian.
bryttigan, see bryttian.
buan, de, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to dwell, abide, occupy, inhabit, D. 1.32, 693.
bufan, see bufon.
bufon, prep., above.
bugan, belili, bogen. st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to boir. bend, turn, flee.
burg(h), -e, (byrig), st. f., city, cattle, fortress, stronghold, Ex. 66, D. 9, 38.
burli-hleo>, -es, st. -a., city-height, fortress-height, Ex. 70. Also, burh-hlit).
burli-sittende, st. m. (part.), citizens, city-dwellers, inhabi- tants, D. 600, 724.
burh-stede, -es, st. m., place of stronghold, castle, city, D. 47.
burh-waru, st. f., citizens, D. 179.
burh-weard, -es, st. m., city or castle defender, guardian, Ex. 39.
butan, prep, and conj.. but, un- less, except, out of, against, with- out, D. 072.
buton, see butan.
buwan, see buan.
byly-wit, see bile-wit, D. 363.
byme, see beme, Ex. 132, 160.
byrlitm, see bearlitni.
bjTne. -an, wk. f., shirt of mail, (l)urnic)-
byrnan, b(e)arn, burnen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to burn, burn up, blaze, glow, D. 253.
byrnende, part, adj., btirning, Ex. 73, 111.
C.
C8eg(e), -e and -an, st. f. and wk. f., a key, Ex. 524.
cald, see ceald.
Caldeas, m. plu., Chaldeans, D. 42, 95, 600.
camp, -es, st. m., battle, fight, combat, Ex. 21. Also comp.
Cananeas, pL, Canaanites, Ex. 444.
car-le-as, adj., careless, free from care, reckless, car-leasan-de'br = reckless icild beasts, Ex. 166.
ceald, -es, st. n., cold. Also adj.
ceapian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 1, to buy, bribe, bargain. gyfum ceapian, D. 739.
ceaster, -e, st. f., city, town, for- tified place, D. 42, 600.
cempa, -an, wk. m., a hero, war- rior, champion.
GLOSSARY.
87
cSne, adj., keen^ hold, warlike. cenost deora, Ex. 322, 356.
cennan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to beget, bear, create, prove, Ex. 356, D. 819.
cennan, de, ed, S. 1, M. 6, to confess, explain, ascribe.
ceorfan, cearf, corfen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to hero, ctit, carve, exit down, het J>aet trebw ceorfan, D. 511.
ce'bsan, ceas, coren, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to choose, prefer, seek, as- sume, accept, Ex. 243. ciiron deofles craeft, D. 32, 150.
cerran, see cyrran.
cerre, see cjrr.
eigan, see cigean.
cigean, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to call, call upon, cry alo\id, name, summon, beacmim ci- gean =io summon by signals, Ex. 219.
cin-berg, -e, st. f., chin-defence, visor, Ex. 175.
cine-d6ni, see cyning-d6m.
cining, see cyn-ing.
cist, see cyst.
cl&ne, adj., clean. Also adv., entirely.
clamm, -es, st. m., e. f., band, fetter, (prison), J). 520.
clene, see cl^ne.
clom, see clam(m).
cne'b-magas, st. m. p\u. , kinsfolk , relatives, Ex. 21, 434, D. 702.
cne'b-rls, -e, st. f., generation, race, tribe, family, nation, wera cneb-rissum = to the tribes of men, Ex. 3.
cneo(w), -es, st. n., generation, race, relationship, on cu^owum, D. 676.
eneo(w), -es, st. n., knee, D. 180.
cne^ow-sibb, -e, st. f., race, gener- ation, relationship, Ex. 356.
cniht, -es, st. ra., boy, youth, young man, servant, ^one cniht (Isaac) ge-nam = laid hold of the boy, Ex. 406; plu., cnihtas, D. 83, 89; cniliton = cniht um, D. 767.
c6m, see cuman.
cor)>or, -es, st. ra., a troop, band, an army, pomp, a crowd, cyn- ingas on corjre, Ex. 191, D. 95.
craeft, -es, st. m., craft, skill, cunning, poicer; plu., idles, Ex. 30, 84. ealle crajfte = by any skill, Ex. 436, D. 32, 83.
cringan, crang, crungen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to cringe, submit, fall, die. fsege crungon — the fated ones fell (jin death), Ex. 481.
cuman, c6m (cw6m), cumen, St. v., S. 4, M. 4, to come, go; w. inf. of verb of motion ex- presses purpose, cwom metan = came to measure, Ex. 91, 92; eft-wyrd cym|> = the judgment (last) tcill come , Ex. 539 ; styran cwom = came to prevent, Ex. 416, D. 93.
cumbol, -es, st. n., a sign, ensign, banner, cumbol lixton = the signs (on the helmet) flashed, Ex. 175; for t'am curable, D. 180.
cunnan, cu>e, pret. pres., to know, knoxo how, to be able, ac- quainted tcith. ne cu)>on = did not knoio, Ex. 28, 82; mis- micelra ^onne raen cunnon = of more sorts than men knew of, Ex. 373; ne cunnon . . . ge- secgenne = loill not be able to tell, Ex. 435.
88
GLOSSARY.
i-uiinian. ode. od. ^vk. v., S. 2, M. G, to test, prove, knoic by testing, Ex. 420, D. 531.
curon, see ceosan.
ouJ>. adj.. knoirn. famed, sure, Ex. 2:50, 1). 482. cul'ost = best knoicn, Ex. 191, D. 692; cuj> Se-dydon = made knoicn, D. 19G.
cuj>e, SiQC cunnan.
cwala, -e, st. f., murder, violent death, destrurjion, D. 22G.
ewealm, -es, st. va., death, slaugh- ter, riolent death, Ex. 4G8, D. 475.
ewej>an. cwaej>, cweden, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to say, speak, IJ. 3G1, {'liioth).
cwen, -e, st. f., looman, icife, {queen), bodigean . . . liseleKi cwenum = announce . . . to the wu-es of men (slain), Ex. 510-11.
cwiinan, ewam, cumen, St. v., S. 3, M. 1, see cuiiian.
cwOin, see cumaii and cwiman. 1). go:'.. M. 200. An anomalous verb.
cwyld-rGf, adj., slaughter-famed, deadly, savage, bold. Also adv., cwyld-rof b^odan = savage- ly to proclaim, Ex. IGG.
cS'gean, see cigean.
cyme, -es, st. m., coming, arrival, Ex. 179, D. 517.
cyme, adj., becoming, noble, glo- rious, D. 710.
cyn(n), -es, st. n., kin, race, tribe, people, nation, YjX. 14, 29. cyn a;fter cynne = tnbe upon tribe, Ex. 351 ; Hnes (Abrahames) cynnes, Ex. 434; modig cyn (Israel), D. 7: eald-febnda cyn (Babylonians), D. 57.
cyne-gOd, adj., 'well-born, noble, gentle, cyrdon cyne-gode, D. 4:53.
cyiie-rice, -es, st. n., rule, king- dom, government, ofer cyne- ricu = over the kingdoms, Ex. 318.
cyne-J>rym(m). -es, st. m., royal glory, glory, D. 70G.
cynlng, -es, st. m., a king, ruler, Ex. 9, 14. cyning ahvilita (God), Ex. 420, D. 95, M. 228 (4). 237.
cyning-d5m, -es. st. m., kingdom, royal ride.
eyre, -es, st. m., choice, will. eyre swit>rode = choice ceased, Ex. 4G5.
cyr(r), -es, st. m., a turning, change, space of time.
cyrm, -es, st. m., noise, shout, uproar. herges cyrm = the shout of the host, Ex. 107.
csrman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. G, to shout, cry out, Ex. 4G1.
eyrran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. G, to turn, go, return, D. 433.
cyst, -e, St. t., chosen body, cohort, Ex. 229, 230.
cyst, -e, St. f., choice, free will; in gen. plu. = best of its kind, virtue, excellence, bounty, (wede- ra) cyst = the bounty of, D. 350.
c^>an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. C, to make known, set forth, relate, make celebrated, show, wordum cy[>an, D. 97.
D.
d^d, -e, St. f., deed, action, daeg
daidum fah = a day hostile in
deeds, Ex. 541, D. 282. d&d-hwaet, adj., quick to do, bold,
ready, T). 353. d&d-lean, -es, st. n., reward for
deeds, recompense, Ex. 263.
GLOSSARY.
89
d^d-weorc, -es, st. n., an effec- tive work, loork accomplished, work, for J>am died-weorce = for the work done, Ex. 575.
daeg, -es, st. m., day, Ex. 47. da- gum = by day, Ex. 97 ; to da3ge Mssum = this day, Ex. 263 ; daeg dsednm fah (the last day), Ex. 541, D. 158.
d8eg-sceado(u), -e, st. f., day- shade, shade.
daeg-sceald, -es, st. m., day-ruler, shield, (sun). dseg-scealdes hleb, Ex. 79.
daeg-vveorc, -es, st. n., day's work, stated service, xcork. Jjjes dseg- weorces . . . f or-geald = recom- pensed . . . for that day's work, Ex. 315; dseg-weorc = deca- logue, Ex. 518, (Grein).
daeg-wGma, -an, wk. m., rush of early morn, davm, Ex. 344.
dMan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. G, to deal, divide, share, se2Xirate, obtain, distribute. Swa . . . regn-l'e'b fas (rice) dselajj = TTius do the arch-thieves divide, Ex. 538, D. 2, 21.
Daniel, st. m., Daniel.
David, St. m., David.
dead, adj., rfead, Ex. 260 ; as noun, deadra, Ex. 41.
de'ajj, -es, st. m., death, dying, Ex. 34. ge s\veltaj> delij^e = ye shall die the death, (die), D. 143.
dea>-drepe, -es, st. m., a death- blow, blow, death, Ex. 495.
deaj»-stede, -es, st. ra., place of death, of slaughter, sepulchre, field of battle, on da'ajj-stede, Ex. 589.
deaw, -es, st. m., dew, D. 372.
deaw-dreas, st. m., dew-fall, D. 277. Also d^aw-drfas. "
deli wig, adj . , dewy, bedetced. dea- wig sceaftum, Ex. 344.
deawig-fe>ere, adj., deicy -feath- ered, dewy, Ex. 163.
dema, -an, wk. m., judge, ruler, master, liaehenum deman, I). 71.
deman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to judge, (deem), decide, esti- mate. deme\>= icill judge, 'Ex. 542.
de'cfol, -es, st. m. and n., devil, Satan, debfles crseft, D. 32.
de"ofol-d^d, -e, st. f., devil's deed, evil deed or tcork, D. 18.
de"ofol-gild, see de'cfol-gyld.
deofol-gyld, -es, st. n., devil wor- ship, idolatry, an idol, image of the devil, Ex. 47.
deofol-witega, -an, wk. ni., devil's prophet, magician, sooth- sayer, D. 128.
de'cp, -es, st. n., the deep, an abyss, Ex. 281.
dc'cp, adj., deep, vast, great, sol- emn, heavy, significant. diTop uirende = an important message, Ex. 518; de'cp \ea,n = heavy ret- rilmtion, Ex. 506.
deor, -es, st. n., animal, vnld beast, Ex. 166, D. 389.
deor, adj., wild, bold, violent. deor scur, D. 372.
de'br(e), adj., dear, beloved, ie^e- lum debre^c^mr to the nobles, Ex. 186.
de'br-mCd, adj., beloved, of bold spirit, bold, Ex. 97, D. 171. Also as noun.
derian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. G, to harm, hurt, injure, D. 274.
digel, see dygle.
Dira, irreg., Plain of Dura, D. 171.
90
GLOSSARY.
dOm, -09, St. m., Imf, decree, judg- metit, (doom), poicer, glory, in- terpretation, Ex. 2, 520. of fdbnda dome = out of the poicer of, Ex. 570; na^s him dom, D. 128 ; nymt>e ic dom wite = un- less I may knoin the interpreta- tion, D. 143.
dOmlan, ode, od, wk. \., S. 2, M. (!, to glorify, exalt, give judg- vifHt, I). 372, 399 (d6mige= do- migen), (domigan).
dOn, dlde, ge-dOn, wk. v., irreg., to do, make, cause, accomplish, D. 23. in susl don = to cast into torment, D. 521.
dr^fan, de, ed, ^\k. v., S. 1, M. 6, to urge, drive.
dr^h, see dreogan.
dream, -es, st. m.,a joyful sound, joy, mtisic. dugo> on dr^ame = men shall in joy, Ex. 546, D. 30.
dreliin-leas, adj., joyless, T). 558.
drearung, -e, st. f., a falling, distillation, D. 349.
drenc-flOd, -es, st. ra., drowning- flood, flood, deluge, (Xoah's flood), Ex. 364.
dreogan, dre'ah, drogen, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to bear, suffer, carry. drea.h = suffered, Ex. 49, D. 238.
dre'cr, -es, st. m., blood, running blood, Ex. 151.
dre"o8an, dreas, droren, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to fall, perish, dis- appear, weaken, Ex. 47.
drige, adj., dry, Ex. 283.
driht, -e, st. f., troop, company, people, Ex. 79.
drlhten, -es, st. m., leader , prince , lord, ( God) . weroda drihten = lord of hosts, Ex. 558, D. 12. Used in composition.
drihten-weard, -es, St. m., mas- ter, lord, (God), D. 535.
driht-folc, -es, st. n., troop, band, nation, nmltitnd(',TjX. 34. driht- folca m^st (Egyptians), Ex. 589.
drlht-neas, st. m. plu., bodies of slain, carcasses, Ex. 163.
drincan, dranc, druneen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to drink, D. 750.
druron, see dre'osan.
drjge, see drige.
drysmlan, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to become dark, obscure, gloomy, (land) drysmyde = he- came dark, Ex. 40, B. 1376.
dropa, -an, wk. m., a drop, D. 349.
druneen, see drincan, part, adj., drunken, D. 18.
dryhten, see drihten.
dugoJ>(uJ>), -e, St. f., that which avails, advantage, manhood, men, noble band, Ex. 41, D. 87.
dwAscan, ede (te), ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to quench, put out.
dygle, adv., secretly, D. 130. Also adj., unknown, D. 482.
dyglice, adv., secretly.
dygol, adj., secret (digol).
dyre, adj., dear, beloved.
dyriist (dyrost), adj., sup. See dy're. metode dyrust = (^earesf to God, D. 36.
^ac, conj., also, likemse, more- over, Ex. 245, D. 68; prep., with, in addition to, besides. (fac )t>on = besides that, Ex. 374, 381.
eaca, -an, wk. m., an addition, increase. to ^acan = besides, moreover.
GLOSSARY.
91
eacen, part, adj., increased, great, large, heavy, full, widespread, D. 136, 485.
e'ad, adj . , happy, blessed, rich, on })8et eade riht, Ex. 186.
elid, -es, St. n., wealth, possessions, joy, Ex. 339, D. 672.
e'adlg, adj., prosperous, happy, blessed, rich. Also as noun, eadigra ge-hwam = to each of the blessed, Ex. 4. Also, adver- bial, D. 1.
ead-mSdu, st. n. plu., humility, kindness.
eafora, -an, wk. m., offspring, son, descendant, eaforan sinne (Isaac), Ex. 411.
cage, -an, wk. n., eye, Ex. 179.
eal(l), adj., all, whole, entire, uni- versal, Ex. 84, D. 73.
eald, see aid.
eald-febnd, -es, st. m., an old enemy, ancient foe (Babj'loni- ans), D. 57.
ealdor, see aldor, chief.
ealdor, see aldor, life.
ealdor-dCm, see aldor-dSm.
ealdor-lagu, see aldor-lagu.
ealdor-man, -es, st. m., (alder- man), ruler, prince, D. 685.
eal-dwerig, adj., altogether per- verse, depraved, loicked, Ex. 50.
ealh, see alh.
ealh-stede, -es, st. m., see alh- stede, D. 674.
ealles, adv., xoholly, entirely.
eal-walda, see al-walda.
eal(l)-wundor, -es, st. n., a great wonder, miracle, Ex. 578.
earn — eom (wesan) .
ear(h), -es, st. m., sea, ocean. D. 324.
ear, -es, st. m., earth.
earc, -e, st. f., ark {of the cove- nant), chest, ark, D. 752. Also earce, -an, wk. f.
eard(», -es, st. m., earth, native soil, D. 612.
eare, -an, wk. n., ear.
earfoJ»-maecg, -es, st. m., an af- flicted one, a sufferer, D. 623.
earfol»-siJ», -es, st. m., a trouble- some journey, calamity, hard lot, D. 657.
earm, adj., poor, mean, pitiful, wretched. As noun, eamra an- bid = the hope of the vjretched, Ex. 533; earme lafe, D. 80.
earm-sceapen, part, adj., ill- shapen, misshapen, ill-created, icretched, D. 632.
earu, adv., quickly, ready, Ex. 339.
easterne, adj., eastern, east.
eu-streain, -es, st. m.,sea, ocean, river, stream.
east-weg, -es, st. m., a icay in the east, toward the east, D. 69.
eaj>(e), adv., easily; adj., easy, D. 50.
e'ajj-medu, see e'ad-medu, D. 295.
eaJ>-metto(u), st. n. plu., humil- ity, kindness, weakness.
Ebreas, st. in. plu., Hebrews.
ec, adv., also (eke).
ece, adj., eternal, perpetual, Ex. 11, D. 30. Also adv., eternally, Ex. 288.
ecen, adj., see e'acen, Ex. 194.
ecg, -e, St. f., edge of a weapon, edge, sword, blade, weapon, ecg grymetode= </ie xceapon sounded OMi, Ex. 408. ecgwrn — xoiththe sword, Ex. 412, D. 709.
ed-scaeft, -e, st. f., a new crea- tion, regeneration. Also, ed- sceaft, D. 112.
efeu, see &fen, D. 276.
9-2
GLOSSARY.
ofiio. adv., evenly, exactly, Ex. Tfi. efii-ged*lan, de, ed, wk. v., S.
1, M. f), to share, divide equally,
efn(i)an, (e)de, ed, Avk. v., S. 2, M. G, to do, make, execute, D. 183, 18G.
eft, adv., again, aneic, hack, after- wards, eft on-cyrde = ariaiii made to turn, Ex. 4.")1, I). (57.
eft-wyrd. -e. st. f..fi(ture destiny, fate. Ex. r.:W.
ege-laf, -e, si. f., huttle-remnant, spoil, {sui-vivors) , Ex. 370.
eg(e)le, adv., hateful, trouble- some, T>. Cu9.
eg(e)sa, -an, wk. m.,fear, terror, horror, egsan stodon = fears arose, Ex. 13G, 1). 124.
eges-ful(l), adj., fearful, full of awe, terrible, Ex. r>or>, D. lOG.
eges-lic, adj., terrible, fearful, D. 710.
eges-lice, adv., terribly, fearfidly, wonderfully, intensely, 1). 225.
eglian, ede, ed, "vvk. v., S. 2, M. ('), to ail, trouble, pain, torment.
Egypte, -e, f., Egypt, Ex. 443.
Egypte, m. plu., Egyptians. diitjo}' Eifvpla, Ex. 500; of Eiryptum, D. C>.
ehtan, te, wk. v., S. 1, M. G, to harass, persecute, pursue.
ehtian. see ehtan.
ehtian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. G, to esteem, observe, consider, counsel with, D. 410.
ellen, -es, st. m., strength, cour- age; in. plu., brave deeds, Ex. 218.
elpend, -es, st. m., elepjhant.
el-J>eodlg, adj., of another nation, foreign, hostile. el-k'odif^um (Babylonians), I). '.VJ.
ende, -e, st. m., an end, edge, a boundary, Ex. 4G6, D. 115.
ende-daeg, -es, st. m., a last day, day of death, D. G79.
ende-lean, -es, st. n., final re- ward, reparation, punishment, D. 187.
enge, adj., narrow. enge = jirtr- rov\ Ex. 58.
engel, -es, st. m., angel, messen- ger, Ex. 205. engla drihten "(God), Ex. 558, T). 337.
code, see gan.
eom, see Avesan or be^on.
eored, -es, st. n., troop, band.
eorl, -es, st. m., earl, leader, no- bleman, man, Ex. 261. se eorl (Abraham), Ex. 411; ha eorlas (Israel), D. G2.
cored, see e'cred.
eorp, adj., brown, dusky, dark. eorp werod (Egyptians), Ex. 194.
eorp, -es, st. n., a host.
eor}>e, -an, wk. f., earth, ground, plain, vjorld, Ex. 2G, D. 30.
eorJ>-buende, st. m. (part.), ^ar^A- di']ellers,inhabitants,men,Y,x.8'i.
eorJ>-cyn, -es, st. n., mankind, liuman race, Ex. 370.
eorj>-oynlng, -es, st. m., king of the land, great king, king, D. 306, (Solomon), Ex. 392.
eorjj-lic, adj., earthly, D. 525.
eow, see )>u.
eow(i)an, (e)de, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. G, to show, reveal.
esne, -es, st. m., slave, servant, man. \>Mr esnas majnige, J). 244.
§st, -es, St. m., grace, favor, pleasure.
ej>(e), adv. conip., more easily. Also adj., ea.'iy, mild.
GLOSSARY.
93
e>e, adj., imste, deserted, barren,
D. 78. e]>an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6,
to lay waste, destroy, D. 57. ej>el, -es, st. m., fatherland, na- tive land, home, possessions, Ex.
18, D. 638. ej»el-land, -es, st. n., native land,
land, country, D. 39. e>el-leas, adj., exiled, homeless.
As noun, e^el-leasum, Ex. 139,
533. e}»el-riht, -es, st. n., land-right,
native right, inheritance, Ex.
211. fejiel-weard, -es, st. m., lord of
the land, native chief; in plu.,
nobles, D. 55. ej»-fynde, adj . , easy to find, visible ,
Ex. 579.
facen, -es, st. n., deceit, fraud, evil, injustice, to facne, D. 222.
facne, adv., deceitfully, wickedly, Ex. 150. Also very, greatly; adj., wicked, deceitful, worthless.
faec, -es, st. n., period of time, a space, D. 682, M. 295 (a).
fsecne, see facne.
faeder, -es, st. m. (indec), in sing., father, Ex. 29, D. 10. beorlit fa;der (God), Ex. 414, (Abraham), Ex. 353. An in- terpolated poem begins here.
faeder-a^elo, st. n. plu., ancestry, paternal honor, origin, Ex. 361.
faeder-cyn(ii), -es, st. n., fore- fathers, generation of one's fathers, Ex. 559. Also fasde- ren-cyu.
f&ge, adj., unhappy, accursed, doomed, (dead) , devoted to death. fsege=the doomed, Ex. 481.
f »gum stcf num = vjith its dead
bodies, Ex. 462. f8eg(e)r, adj.,/a«V, beautiful, joy- ous, melodious. on faegerne
sweg = with melodious sound,
Ex. 566. faegere, adv., beautifully, gently,
well, Ex. 297, D. 498. fger, -es, st. m., stidden danger,
fright, peril, evil, Ex. 452, D.
592. Also, used as a prefix. f&r-bryne, -es, .st. m., great heat,
terrible fire. wij> f2er-brj'ne =
against great heat, Ex. 72. f£er-gryre, -es, st. m., sudden ter- ror, horror, D. 463. f&r-spell, -es, st. n., sudden, un-
expected tidings, Ex. 135. f&r-wundor, -es, st. n., sudden
wonder, gen. plu., Ex. 279. faest, adj., firm, fast, steadfast,
Ex. 422, 536, D. 312. = fajstne
(ace), Ex. 140. faestan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to fasten, make firm. faestan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6,
to fast, abstain, D. 592. faeste, adv., fast, firmly, fseste
mid folmum, Ex. 407. , faesten, -es, st. n., a fastness, cas- tle, fortress, city, captivity, Ex.
49; gen. plu., Ex. 56. faestlic, adj.,/«s^^/'m, D. 586. fae]»m, -es, st. m., grasp, sway,
embrace, possession, D. 234. fah, adj., proscribed, unfriendly,
hostile, guilty, Ex. 475. Also,
fag. famgian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2,
M. 6, to foam, boil, Ex. 481. famig, adj., foamy, foaming, Ex.
287. famig-bosm, adj.,/ortm^-6oso»«^(?,
the sea, Ex. 493,
94
GLOSSARY.
faiia. -an. wk. m.,flag, standard,
Ex. 24,s. faudian, ode (ede), od, wk. v.,
S. 2, M. (i, to try, test, prove, D.
4.55. faran, fOr. faren. st. v., S. 2, M.
4, to move, go, travel, proceed, ride, sail, etc., Ex. 48, D. 41. Expresses any form of move- ment to and fro.
Faraon, -es, st. ni., Pharaoh, Ex.
14. faru, -e, st. f., a journey, march,
an army, expedition. Kis fare =
this army, Ex. 554. fealdan, febld, f(e)alden, st. v.,
5, 1, M. 5, to fold, surroiuid, conceal.
fe'a(w), adj. indec. (dat. um), few, little, D. 32(): adv., little, fein.
feax, -es, st. n., hair, D. 438.
fela, indec. noun and adj. and adv., much, many, very, Ex. 10, D. 15.
feld, -es, St. m., a field, plain, country, Ex. 287, D. 170.
feld-hus, -es, st. n., a field-house, tent, Ex. 85.
feng, -es. st. m., grasp, hold, han- dle, gar-beames feng = the han- dle of the sword, Ex. 246.
feo(h), -OS, St. n., irreg., cattle, herd, property, money, D. 66.
fe^ogau, ode, od, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to hate.
feohan, feah, fegen, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to rejoice, enjoy one's self.
feoh-sceat, -es, st. m treasure, money, I). 744.
fe"on, see feohan.
feon, see fe'ogan.
f^ond, -es, st. m., an enemy, a foe, Ex. 22, D. 345.
feor, adv., far, far away, ncah and feor, Ex. 381.
feor(h), -es, st. m. and n., life, living principle, living being, man. feores frofre = consola- tion of his life, Ex. 404 ; to wi- dan feore =/or life eternal, Ex. 547 ; be feore daede = o?i pain of death, D. 101; oHseded ha;f- don feorh = had escaped loith their lives, Ex. 570, D. 15, M. 301 (rt).
feorh-bana, -an, wk. m., destroy- er of life, murderer, Ex. 399.
feorh-gebeorg (gebeorh), -es, St. n., life's protection, refuge, Ex. 369.
feorh -lean, -es, st. n., revenge for blood, life recompense. )>ait feorh-le'an, Ex. 150.
feorh-naru, -e, life's nourishment, protection, preservation, D. 389, 507.
feorh -nere, -es, st. m., life's ref- uge, safety, D. 339, 507. See feorh-naru.
fe'brjja, num. adj . , fourth, f dbr|>e wic = fourth encampment, Ex. 133.
feran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to go, march, journey, Ex. 45, 1). 76.
fer-clam(m), -es, st. m., sudden peril, dangerous straits, Ex. 119 (inst.).
ferhj>, -es, st. ra., soul, mind, heart, him ferhh getwaefde = might confuse their mind, Ex. 110, T>. 407.
ferh>-bana, -an, wk. m., a life- destroyer, murderer, Ex. 399 (Cain?).
ferh>-loca, -an, wk. m., soul- enclosure, breast, Ex. 267.
GLOSSARY.
95
ferlan, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M.
6, to bear, bring, carry, Ex.375.
f6J>a, -an, wk. m., infantry, troop, line of battle, army, Ex. 225, 266.
fej»e-gast, -es, st. m., foot-guest, visitor, Ex. 475.
fiftig, num. saXy, fifty, Ex. 229.
findan, fand, funden, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to find, find out, search, visit, 'Ex. 189; flnclaj', Ex. 519, D. 66.
firas, St. m. plu., men, hurhan beings, heroes. J)ara J>e manna beam, flra= o/^/iose that the sons of men, of heroes, Ex. 396.
firen, adj., sinful, vicious, unnat- ural, D. 592.
firen, -e, st. f., trespass, sin, crime, pain, outrage, D. 166.
fla(h), adj., crafty, deceitful, hos- tile.
flSn, -e, St. f., a dart, weapon, an arrow, wibflane = against the dart, Ex. 237.
fleah, see fleon.
fle'am, -es, st. m., flight, banish- ment, D. 614.
fleman, see flyman.
fle'bn, fleah, flogen, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to escape, avoid, Ex. 169, 203. Egypte flugon, Ex. 452.
fle'bs, see flj's.
fl6d, -es, St. m. and n., a flood, leave, stream, sea, Ex. 462.
fldd-biac, adj., pale ivith fear of the waters, pale, Ex. 497.
fl6d-egesa, -an, wk. m., fear of the icaters, fear, Ex. 446.
flSd-weard, -e, st. t., flood-guard, protection against the sea. flod- wearde (wall of leaves), Ex. 493.
fl6d-weg, -es, st. m., flood-way, sea, Ex. 106.
flota, -an, wk. m., sailor, ship, fleet, Ex. 133, 223. flota mod- gade = the fleet (men of the) boldly advanced, Ex. 331.
flugon, see flebn.
flyman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to rout, put to flight.
flys, -es, St. n., fleece, wool.
folc, -es, St. n.,fulk, tribe, nation, people, multitude, band of war- riors, folc ferende = the de- parting folk, Ex. 45 ; folce to frofre =/or the comfort of the people, Ex. 88; folc (Egyp- tians), Ex. 486; folc (Israel), Ex. 566, D. 10; J>am folce (Is- rael), D. 64; folca selost (Is- rael), Ex. 445.
folc-cuJ>, adj. and adv., viorld- famous, celebrated. folc-cuJ> lafe (sword of Abraham) , Ex. 407.
folc-gesiJ», -es, st. m., one of the same country, countryman, war- rior, D. 412.
folc-getael, -es, st. n., numbering of the people, number, people. on folc-getael, Ex. 229.
folc-maegen, -es, st. n., people's force, multitude, people, Ex. 347, "d. 185.
folc-riht, -es, st. n., folk-right, common right, dominion, Ex. 22.
folc-sweot, -es, st. m., host, mul- titude, folc-swebta maest = greatest of multitudes, Ex. 577.
folc-talu, -e, St. f., numbering of the people, genealogy, nigoha on fo\c-ise\e = ninth in descent (from Noah), Ex. 379.
folc-toga, -an, wk. m., a leader of the pieople, prince, commander, Ex. 14, D. 108.
96
GLOSSARY.
foldan, sec fealdan. - foldon. - fakleii (concealed), Ex. ;5(;i».
folde, -an, wk. f., the earth, land, nehl,,tirm ground, Ex. 428, D. 502.
folm, -e, St. f ., auclan, wk. i.,pahn ofthehand,thehand,Ex.2A','ii)G.
fon. feng, fangen, S. 1, M. 5, to catch, grasp, receive.
for, prep.w. clat.,/or, before, inpres- ence of, sooner than, above, on account of, through , because of, bi/ reason of, instead of, in accord- ance inth, as to. («) local, Ex. 314, 252, 276, D. 585, 588. (b) causal, for geoguJ>e, Ex. 235, 575, D. 166, 606; f or-l>a;t = /or that ; for-Him = because that ; f(jr-)'am-^e =for (because).
for, see faran.
foran, adv. aud prep., before, in front of, forward, Ex. 172, D. 557. to Jj^odne f orau = in pres- ence of, D. 93.
fdran = f oron, Ex. 93. See faran.
for-baernan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to consume, burn up, de- stroij. Ex. 70. for-ba'rndc = v-nuld consume. Ex. 123.
for-beoruan, barn.bornen (bur- nen), st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to con- sume, burn, D. 435.
for-breoan, braec, brocen, st. v., S. 4, M. 1, to break to pieces, destroii, break.
for-byrnan, see for-bcornan.
fore, m\\.,b( fore, formerly. Also adj.
fore-genga, -an, wk. m., fore- runner, ancestor, herald, Kx 120. (fore-gengend, -es.)
fore-mihtlg, adj., most mighty, omnipotent, D. 067.
fore-weall, -es, st. m., fore-icall, rampart, Ex. 297.
forewcard, sec fore.
for-fon, feng, fangen, st. v., S.
1, M. 5, to seize, arrest, take avmy, D. 614.
for-geaf, see for-gifan.
for-geald, see for-gyldan.
for-geton, sec for-gitan.
for-gifan, geaf, gifan, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to give, allow, forgive, deliver. in lelit for-geaf = to deliver into keeping, Ex. 11, D. 478.
for-gitan, geat, giten, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to forget, neglect, Ex. 144.
for-gyldan, geald, golden, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to pay, renxird, give back, Ex. 315.
for-habban, haefde, wk. v., ir- reg., to restrain, hold, avoid, hold back, deny, abstain, Ex. 487, 1). 147.
forht, adj., timid, fearful, fright- ened, I). 725. comp. forhtra, Ex. 259.
forhti(g)an, ede, ed, wk. v., S.
2, M. 6, to fear, be frightened, Ex. 452.
for-leetan, let, l^ten, st. v., S.
1, M. 5, to let, allow, release,
abandon, D. 19, 31. ane for-
laetan = let alone. forma, num. &(\].,first, sup.of fore-
weard. for-nam, see for-ninian. for-niman, nam, numen, st. v.,
S. 4, M. 1, to remove, deprive
of, Ex. 289. for-sceaf, see for-scufan. for-scufan, sce'af, scofen, st. v.,
S. 7, M. 3, to reject, remove,
scatter, cast doivn, Ex. 204. forst, -es, St. m., cold, frost, D.
378.
GLOSSARY.
97
for-standan, st6d, standeii, st.
v., S. 2, M. 4, to stand before, prevent, xcard off, Ex. 128.
for>, adv., forth, hither, hence, further away, continually, near, in the presence of. («) local, Ex. 103, 340, 525. (b) temporal, Ex. 287, 404.
for->ain, see for->on, Ex. 507.
for>-gang, -es, st. m.,goinfi forth, advance, progress, Ex. 469.
forJ>-here, -(g)es, st. ra., van of an army, van, head, Ex. 225.
for-J»on, conj. and adv., therefore, on that account, Ex. 187, D. 480.
for>-weg, -es, st. m., onward way, departure, march, journey, Ex. 32, 129. fus forh-weges = ready for the march, Ex. 248, M. 315 ■(3).
fracol», adj., vile, base, impious, D. 304.
fraet, see fretan.
fraet(u)Tve, -a, st. f. plu. orna- ment, treasure, D. 711.
fram, see from, D. 526.
frea, -an, wk. m., master, lord (God), Ex. 19, D. 185.
frea-gle'aw, adj., very wise, skil- ful, D. 88.
freasian, ede (ade) , ed (ad) , wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to tempt, entice, question, D. 695.
free, adj., bold, rash, frecne spel, Ex. 203.
freca, -an, wk. m., xoolf, warrior, hero, Ex. 217.
frecne, adv., boldly, harshly, fierce- ly, ivith danger, Ex. 38; adj., bold, fierce, dangerous, D. 228.
fremde, adj., foreign, strange, distant, D. 185.
freinman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1. M. 6, to do, make, help, support.
keep, further, commit, D. 100, Ex. 146. (fremiau.)
freo, adj., free-born, free, well- born.
fre'b, St. f., mistress, lady.
treo, -OS, St. m., a freeman, man. fre'bs, D. 00.
fre'b-bearn, -es, st. n., a free-born child, noble child or descendant, Ex. 445, D. 239.
fre~o-bro>or, -or, st. m. irreg., an own brother, Ex. 338.
fre'bh, adj., see fre'b.
freom, adj., strong, firm, mighty, Ex. 14.
fre'b-inifeg, -es, st. m., « relative, kinsman, Ex. 355.
freo]>o-WBer, -e, st. f., a covenant, an agreement of peace, Ex. 306.
freo>u(o), -e, st. f., peace, se- curity, favor, freedom, Ex. 422, D. 222.
fretan, fraet, freten, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to eat, consume, break. wsere f rseton = broke the com- pact, Ex. 147.
fri, see fre'bh.
fricgan, fraeg, frigen, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to ask, inquire into, learn, find out, Ex. 1, D. 329.
frignan, fra?gn, frugnen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to ask, learn by ask- ing, learn, D. 122, 528.
frinan, fran, frunen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to ask, inquire, ascer- tain.
frlj>, -es, St. m. and n., jieace, safety, protection, I). 04, 214.
frdd, adj., wise, prudent, experi- enced, Ex. 29, D. 667.
frSfor, -e, st. f., solace, comfort, Ex. 88, D. 339.
from, adj., firm, bold, brave, skil- ful, Ex. 54.
98
GLOSSAEY.
from. prop., from, Ex. 378, D. 2(17. (fram.)
fruina, -an. wk. m., bajinning. on fruman = at first, V>. 3").
fruin-bearn, -es, st. n., first-horn, Ex. 38, 338.
frum-onebw, -es, st. n., first gen- eration, progenitor, imrent, Ex. 371.
frum-cyn, -es, st. n., ancestry, descent, famil II, Ex. 3G1, D. 317. (from-cyn.)
fruni-gar, -es, st. in., rhi'i'f, no- ble, hi fnim-garas, D. 101.
frum-sceaft, -e, st. f., first cre- ation, beginning, creature, Ex. 274.
frum-sl*p, -e. st. f., first sleep, 1). lOS.
frum-sprj%c, -e, st. f., first saying, fanner speech, promise, D. 326.
fryin>. -es and -e, st. m. and f., origin, commencement, first- fruits, D. 35.
fugel, -es, St. in., foid, bird, D. .507. Also, fugol.
ful(l), adj., full, filled, complete, Ex. 450. Also adv., fully.
ful, adj., fold, unclean, vile.
ful-15;st, -es, st. m., help, support, Ex. 554.
fur>or, adv., forth, comp. of forh.
fus, adj., ready, quick, forward, ready (to die), Ex. 103, etc.; adv., suddenly, Ex. 129.
fyll, -es, St. m., fall, decay, slaugh- ter, ruin, Ex. 167.
fyllan, de, ed. wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to fill, finish, fulfil, D. 326.
fyllan, de, ed, \vk. v., S. 1, M. 6, toff'll, destroy, cut down. Also fellan.
fyr, -es, st. n. , fire , flame , Ex. 93, D. 214.
fyrd, -e, st. i.,army, camp, Ex. 54.
fyrd-getruin , -es, st. n., battle- array, host, company, Ex. 103.
fyrd-leb>, -es, st. n., army-song, Ex. 577.
f5Td-wic,-es, st. \\.,camp, encamp- ment, Ex. 129.
fyren. ad]., fiery , flaming , Ex. 120.
fyren-daed, -e, st. f., an evil deed, sin, evil.
fyr-lig, -es, St. n., fire-flame, fire, flame.
fyrmest, sup. of foreweard, first, foremost, Ex. 310.
fyrn-dagas, st. m. plu., days of old, of yore, former days, Ex. 5.59. D. 317.
fyrst, adj., sup. of foreweard, Ex. 399.
fyrst, -es, st. m., portion of time, delay, space, respite. on j^am fyrste = at the time, Ex. 189 ; uiht-langne fyrst, Ex. 208.
fyrst-meare, -e, st. f., a space, period, D. 560.
G.
g^d, -es, St. n., xcant, need. )>J)et \>sim gad ne wsere, I). 102.
gsedeling, -es, st.m., companion, comrade, relation, D. 422.
gaers, see graes.
gtest, see gast.
galan, gOl, galen, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to sing, call, cry aloud, re- sound, lirajfen gol, Ex. 162; fyrd-knih golon, V,x. 577.
gamel, adj., old, gray ; plu., late, (ancestors), Ex. 240.
gamol, see gamel.
gan, e'bde, ge-gan, wk. v., irreg., to go, walk, come, happen, Ex. 310. rad forJ> g&i>, Ex. 525, D. 158.
GLOSSARY
99
gang, 'cs, St. m., a going, an ex- pedition, a course, moving, an attack. }>urh gromra gang, D. 51, 263.
gangan, geng, gangen, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to go, tcalk, come, hap- pen, march, D. 151.
gar, -es, St. m., spear, arrow, dart, javelin, garas trj'medon, Ex. 159.
gar-beam, -es, st. m., spear-shaft, beam, Ex. 246.
gar-berend, -es, st. m., (part.), spear-bearer or bearing, xoarrior, Ex. 231.
gar-faru, -e, st. f., spear-bearing host, host, of er gar-fare, Ex. 343.
gar-heap, -es, st. m., spear-heap, spearmen, army, Ex. 321.
gar-secg, -es, st. m., sea, ocean, Ex. 281. gar-secg wei\de = the sea raged, Ex. 489. gar-secges gin, Ex. 430.
gar-wudu, -a, st. m., spear-wood, lance, spear, Ex. 325.
gast, -es, St. m., ghost, breath, spirit, soul, Ex. 544, D. 480. halig gast, D. 21; gastas = Zii'- ing beings, Ex. 447. halige gas- tas = holy men, prophets, D. 26, {Holy Ghost) Ex. 524.
ge, see l>u.
gealh-in5d, adj., xcroth, furiotis, sad, D. 230.
ge(a)re, adv., very well, Ex. 291.
gearu(o), adj. and adv., ready, prompt, promptly, D. 128, M. 251 (1).
gear-we, adv., quickly, readily, Ex. 59, 193.
ge-bad, see ge-bidan.
ge-b&dan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to force, compel, drive, overcome, persuade, D. 202.
ge-belid, sec ge-be'cdan. ge-bed, -es, st. n., prayer, peti- tion, D. 191. ge-beodan, bead, boden, st. v.,
5, 7, M. 3, order, bid, direct, surrender, show, offer, threaten, Ex. 191, D. 223.
ge-beorgan, bearg(h), borgen, St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to save, spare, protect, ward off, (avoid), D. 475.
ge-bidan, bad, biden, st. v., S.
6, M. 2, to await, bide, remain, expect, experience, find, ge-bi- den haefdon, Ex. 238.
ge-biden, see ge-bidan. ge-bindan, band, bunden, st. v.,
S. 3, M. 1, to bind, tie, fetter, D.
519. ge-blandan, blend, blanden, st.
v., S. 1, M. 5, to blend, mingle,
disturb, mix, exchange, pollute.
heolfre ge-blanden = polluted
tcith blood, Ex. 476. ge-bletsian, ode, od, wk. v., S.
2, M. 6, to bless, consecrate, D.
363. (ge-bletsigan.) ge-bohte, see ge-bycgan. ge-bycgan, bohte, boht, wk. v.,
S. 1, M. 6, to buy, procure, sat- isfy, Ex. 151. ge-cc'bsan, ceas, coren, st. v., S.
7, M. 3, to choose, select, (cnili- tas) . . . ge-corene= chosen, D. 92.
ge-cwej^an, cwaej>, cweden, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to say, speak, D. 200, 561.
ge-cynde, adj., belonging by birth, natural right, natural. Mm ge- cynde \\3is — by natural right was, D. 3.
ge-ey'>an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, I M. 6, to make known, reveal,
100
GLOSSARY.
proclaim, Ex. 406, 202. gc-c-y- K'd, Ex. 419, D. 113.
gi«-dtMau, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. (!. (o divide, distrihute, sepa- rate Ex. 7G, 207.
ge-deinan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to judge, deem, consider, decide, decree, dora ge-demcd = jiid(fment decreed, I). 245,655.
ge-dOn, dide, Avk. v., irreg., to do, act, make, cause, D. 168.
ge-drencan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to droir7i. d^al^e ge- drencod = droicned in death, Ex. 34, 520.
ge-dreme, see ge-drj'me.
ge-drebsan, dreas, droren, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to fall, sink, perish. call gc-dre'as, Ex. 490.
ge-driht, -e, st. f., ?iost, multitude. eorla ge-driht, Ex. 304, 1). 22.
ge-drym, adj., joyous, cheerful. sup. ge-drymost, Ex. 79.
ge-dwola, -an, wk. m., error, (juilo, godlesmiess, sin. in ge- dwoliim = in error (.s-i«). 1^- 22.
ge-eglan, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to injure, afflict, 1). 344.
ge-faran, fdr, faren, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to go, come, march, move. hii't werod ge-for, D. 44.
ge-feallan, fe'bl(I),feallen, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to fall down, to fall, come upon, overwhelm, reach, Ex.482. g,Q-tco\.= overwhelmed, Ex. 491.
ge-feohan, feah, fegen, st. v., S.
5, M. 1, to enjoy, delight in. life ge-fegon — delighted in life, Ex. 569. (ge-feon.)
ge-fe'bn, see ge-feohan, T). 268. ge-feran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1., M.
6, to go, come, advance, Ex. 280.
ge-feterlan, ode, od, Avk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to fetter, bind, ffeste ge-f eterod = fast-hound, Ex. 469.
ge-fihan, see ge-feohan.
ge-flj'man, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to erpel, rout, banish, D. 261.
ge-fr^ge, -es, st. n., information, knowledge by asking, mine ge- frsege = as I have learned (by asking), Ex. 368. So in B.
ge-fr&ge, adj., famous, widely known, sup. ge-fraigost, Ex. 395; {notorious), Tt.ZOi.
ge-f rtegn , see ge-frignan, D. 459, 739.
ge-frecnian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to corrupt, make evil, cruel. I). 184.
ge-freminan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to do, work, execute, further.
ge-friogan, frseg, frigen, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to learn, learn by asking, hear of, Ex. 1, D. 1, 57, 459, 739, M. 199.
ge-frigen, see ge-friogan.
ge-frignan, fr«gn, frugnen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to learn by ask- ing, hear, learn, Ex. 98, 285.
ge-frinan, fran, frunen, st. v.,
5. 3, M. 2, to hear of, learn by asking, Ex. 388, D. 235.
ge-frunen, see ge-frinan. ge-fyllan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1,
M. 6, to fell, slay, Ex. 38. ge-fyllau, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1,
M. 6, to Jill, fulfil. ge-fysan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to hasten, urge on, Ex. 54, 221.
ge-gan, eode, wk. v. irreg., to go, practise, conquer, pass, Ex. 246.
GLOSSARY.
101
ge-gledan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1,
M. 6, to kindle, lighten, make hot.
gegnunga, adv., openly, plainly, straightway, D. 212.
ge-grind, -es, st. n., rubbing, crash, commotion, Ex. 330.
ge-hat, -es, St. n., a vow, promise.
ge-hatan, het, haten, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to vow, promise, Ex. 557, i). 316.
ge-healdan, hebld, healden, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to hold, maintain, possess, keep faithfully, observe. gif ge ge-healdaj' = if ye ob- serve, Ex. 560.
ge-higd, see ge-hygd.
ge-hladan, hldd, hladen, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to load, place upon. ge-hl6don him = loaded them- selves, D. 65.
ge-(h)mpan, see ge-nipan.
ge-hwa, adj. pro., each, every, 'E^. 4,6; on healfa ge-hwam = on each side, Ex. 209, 227. Also each one, every one, fe^onda ge- hwone, Ex. 561 ; burga ge- hwone, D. 65, M. 136 (5) (a).
ge-hweorfan, hwearf, hAvorfen, St. v., S. 3, M..\,to turn, change, return, wander, go over, D. 109, 254.
ge-hwilc, adj. pro., each, every, each one, whoever, whatever, Ex. 187. cista ge-liwilc, Ex. 230, D. 364.
ge-hwylc, see ge-liwilc. yfela ge-hwylces = every evil, Ex. 537.
ge-hycgan, hogode, hogod, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to consider, re- flect, regard, D. 586.
ge-hygd, -es, st. n.,(e. f.), thought, reflection, counsel, secan ge- hygduin = to ascertain by reflec- tion, D. 49, 732.
ge-hyld, -es, st. n., cnstod;/, pro- tection, in ge-hyld = in custody, Ex. 382.
ge-hyran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1,M. 6, to hear, heed, obey, perceive. ge-hyrdon = ge-hyrden, Ex. 255. ge-hyrdon, Ex. 307.
ge-iad, -es, St. n., xmy, path, course, Ex. 58, 313, M. 295 («).
ge-lad, see ge-la}».
ge-l&ddan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to lead, bring, conduct, Ex. 62, D. 68.
ge-l^stan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to folloio out, execute, ob- serve, remain, nu ge-lsstan = novj execute, Ex. 557, D. 219.
ge-laj>, adj., hostile. As noun, ge-lahe, Ex. 206.
ge-leafa, -an, wk. m., faith, trust, belief, assent, D. 643.
ge-lic, adj., like, similar, espial, D. 510.
ge-limpan, lamp, lumpen, st. v.,
5. 3, M. 1, to befall, happen, succeed, D. 114.
ge-lyfan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to grant, concede, permit, be- lieve, ge-lyfed = granted, Ex. 555; ge-lyfde, D. 447; ge-lyf- don, D. 28, 58.
ge-m^ne, adj., common, in com- mon, general, mutual, D. 362.
ge-m&re, -es, st. n., border, limit.
ge-m*(t)tan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to dream, D. 122, 157, M. 290 (c).
ge-met, -es, st. n., limit, bounds, end, measure, D. 250.
ge-met, adj., meet, good, becom- ing, D. 492.
ge-mengan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to mix, mingle, unite, D. 184.
102
GLOSSAKY.
ge-munan, de, ed, prct. pics., to remember, recall, coiisider, think of, Ex. 220, D. 85, 119.
ge-mynd, -es, st. n., also e. f., thought, mind, remembrance, 1). G30.
ge-myndlg, adj., mindful, heed- ful, neda ge-m yndig = mindful of counsels, Ex. 548.
ge-inyndg(l)an, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 'SI. G, to be mindful of 1). 571.
ge-myntan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to intend, resolve, be mind- ful of ge-mynted, Ex. 197.
gen, adv., again, once more, Ex. 289.
ge-n&gan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to assail, oppress, offer, subdue, Ex. 130, 169.
ge-napan, neop, napen, St. v., S. 1, M.o,to attack, come upon, overwhelm, Ex. 475.
ge-nerlan, ede, ed, \vk. v., S. 2, M. 6, fo save, redeem, protect, D. 234, 448.
ge-ne>an, de, ed, \vk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to dare, venture, Ex. 68, 570.
geng, see geong, I). 102.
gengan, gengde, wk. v. irreg., to go.
ge-niinan, nam, numen, st. v.,
5. 4, M. 1, to take, seize, take hold of. ge-nam mid folmum = seized inth ha7ids, D. 707, 710.
ge-nipan, nap, nlpen, st. v., S.
6, M. 2, to groic dark, cover over, come upon, (^overcome). him . . . ge-nap = came upon them, Ex. 454.
ge-niwian, ode (ade), od (ad), wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to renew, Ex. 35.
ge-nS'dan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1,
M. 6, to force, compel.
ge^oc, -e, St. f., help, support, safety, consolation, D. 233.
geoelan, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to help, strengthen, com- fort, I). 292.
gebcor, adj., sad, bitter, dire, brave, J). 617.
ge'oere, adv., harshly, severely, angrily, sup. D. 211.
geofon, -es, st. n., sea, ocean, ^x.
580. ! geogu>, -e, St. f., youth, state of youth, young persons, (men), Ex. 235, D. 81.
geomor, adj., sad, gloomy, trou- bled, Ex. 430, 447.
geond, prep., beyond, through, among, along, over, throughout, as far as, U. 80, 301.
geond-sawan, seow, s&^ven, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to sow abroad, scatter, spread, D. 278.
geong, adj., young, D. 434.
georn, adj., eager, desirous, dili- gent, seeking, D. 45, 95.
georne, adv., zealously, carefully, willingly, Ex. 177, D. 739.
ge-r*de, -es, st. n., equipment, trappings, D. 699.
gere, adv., very well, thoroughly, Ex. 33, 291. Cf. geare.
ge-rec(e)nian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to explain, make clear, (run bi>) ge-recenod = made plain, Ex. 525.
ge-refa, -an, wk. m., king's offi- cer, officer, prefect, D. 79.
ge-regnian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to arrange, set in order, prepare, provide.
ge-riman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to count, compute, Ex. 439.
GLOSSARY.
103
ge-ri(y)sne, -es, st. u., ichat is proper, convenient, D. 420. Also adj.
ge-rume, adj., roomy, spacious, ample, D. 291.
Gerusalem, f., irreg., Jerusalem.
ge-ryman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M..6,to make room, spread open. Ex, 284.
ge-ryne, -es, st. n., a secret, mys- tery, wonder, D. 149, 723.
ge-saegde, see ge-secgan.
ge-s*lan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M..6,to bind, D. 521.
ge-s^lan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1,M. 6, to happen, occur happily, ef- fect, him ge-S8elde, Ex. 31G.
ge-samnian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. G, to assemble, summo7i, collect, D. 52.
ge-sawon, see ge-seon.
ge-sc(e)adan, sceXb)d, sc^den (sceaden), st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to separate, cut off, deprive, feore ge-sce'bdon = deprived of life. D. 15. Also, to decide. Wide ge- scelidau, Ex. 504.
ge-sceaft, -e, st. f., creature, crea- tion, fate, destiny, decree, D. IGO.
ge-sceal>an, sc(e)6d, scea>en, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to injiire, over- lohelm, Ex. 488, D. 15, 490. Also ge-scehhan, -scod-, S. 2, M. 4.
ge-sceon, ode, od, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to occur, assign, allot (by fate), D. 620, Ex. 506.
ge-scraf, see ge-scrifan.
ge-scrifan, scraf, scrifen, st. v., S. 6, M. 2, to assign, impose upon, Ex. 139.
ge-scyldan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to shield, defend, Ex. 72, D. 458.
ge-seah, see ge-seon.
ge-sealde, see ge-syllan.
ge-secgan, saegde, saegd, wk. v. irreg., to say, tell, declare, ex- plain, Ex. 24, 437.
ge-sellan, see ge-syllan, D. 533.
ge-settan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to set, place, arrange, mark out, Ex. 27, D. 641.
ge-se'bn, seah, sewen, st. v., S.
5, M. 1, to see, look, discern, Ex. 83, D. 22.
ge-sej>an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to affirm, verify. gesige-faest, adj., victorious, D.
288.
ge-sih]>, -e, st. f., sight, face, vis- ion, appearance.
gesine, adj., deprived of, idthout. we gesine ne syn = we may not he deprived of, Ex. 528.
ge-sittan, sset, seten, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to sit down, settle, inhabit, possess. In pres. plu. has a future sense, Ex. 442.
ge-sij», -es, st. m., afolloioer, com- imnion, D. 662.
ge-slean, sl6h, slegen, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to slay, kill, strike, con- quer, leap up, T). 249.
ge-spannan, speou, span(n)en, St. v., S. 1, M. 5, to join, fasten, stretch, attack, Ex. 174.
ge-spe'cn, see ge-spannan.
ge-sprecan, spraee, sprecen, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to tell, speak, D. 594.
ge-standan, stOd, standen, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to stand attack, press on, oppose, Ex. 303.
ge-stepan, te, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to raise, erect, Ex. 297.
ge-stigan, stah, stigen, st. v., S. 6, M. 2, to ascend, rise, reach. grund ge-stah = reached the bot- tom, Ex. 502.
104
GLOSSARY.
gp-stlllan, de. ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to still, restrain, Ex. 254.
ge-st6d, see ge-standan.
ge-strebn, -es, st. n., treasure, riches. Ex. .")87, D. t'.l. (k").
ge-strudan, stread, stroden, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to ravaye, de- spoil, plunder, ^e-stnulan ge- strt'ona = plundered the treas- ures, I). Gl ; (ge-strudan = ge- stnulon), D. 61.
ge-SAvelgan, swealh, swolgen, St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to swallow up, devour, destroy, ge-swealh, Ex. 512.
ge-sweorcan, swearc, sworcen, St. v., S. 3, M. I, to be darkened, become dark, Ex. 461.
ge-swi>an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to strenrjthen. confirm, in- riy orate, Ex. 30, Y>. 288.
ge-sj'(i)hj>, -e, st. f., see ge-sih>, D. 273.
ge-syllan, sealde, seald, wk. v., S. 1 . M. <i, to rjive, grant, deliver, Ex. 16, 20.
gesyne, .see gesinc.
ge-synto, -e, st. f., health, safety, prosperity , fruit , Ex. 272.
ge-teald, see ge-tellan.
ge-teled, see ge-tellan.
ge-tellan, tealde, teald, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to compute, tell, count, Ex. 224. ge-teled rime = computed in number, Ex. 372.
ge-tenge, adv., near, heavy, press- ing, heortan ge-tenge = 7iear the heart, Ex. 148, I). 629.
ge-te^on, te'ah(g), togen, st. v.,
5. 7, M. 3, to draw, Ex. 407. ge-te'cn, ode, od, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to appoint, design, establish, 1). 204.
ge-tiinbrian , ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to build, erect, construct, Ex. 391.
ge-tij>ian. ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to grant a request, to grant, Ex. 14 1". Ms. here defective.
ge-tw5ifan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. G, to divide, distract, confuse, Ex. 119.
ge-J>ah, see ge-J>icgan and ge- }>ihan.
ge-J»anc, -es, st. m. and n. , thought, thinking, mind, opinion, on ge- )'ancum = »i mind, D. 358, 536, M. 313 (rt).
ge->eaht, -e, st. f., reflection, counsel, consideratioii, I). 205.
ge-J>encan, J>ohte, J»oht, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to think, devi.ie, re- member, think upon, I). 420.
ge-)»eon, J»eah, J>ogen, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to thrive, prosper, Ex. 143. See ge-J>ihan.
ge->icgan, >(e)ah, )>lgen, St. v.,
5. 5, M. 1, to accept, receive, take, Ex. 354.
ge->ihan, >ah, >ihen, st. v., S.
6, M. 2, to groiv, thrive, succeed, Ex. 143.
ge-J>incan, J»uhte, J»uht, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to seem, appear (im- pers.). mg )i>mc\> — it seems to me (jneseems).
ge-}»ing, -es, st. n., a council, an assembly, a covenant, destiny, D. 546. ge-j'inges wyrcan = <o fo7-m an assembly, D. 468.
ge-J»oht, -es, st. m., thought, idea. ge-^ohtas, 1). 18.
ge-Avadan. wOd, waden, st. \., S. 2, M. 4, to go through, (tcade), go, advance, press upon, Ex. 462.
ge-wat, see ge-witan.
GLOSSARY.
105
ge-\vealc, -es, St. n., rolling, toss- ing, y \>a, ge-v,ea\c = rolling of the sea (leaves), Ex. 455.
ge-weald, -e, st. f.,poioer, might, rule, Ex. 20, D. 608.
ge-weaxan, we'bx, ^'eaxen, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to groto, loax, in- crease, D. 563. Also, pret. wox,
5. 2, M. 4.
ge-wemman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. C, to defile, injure, spoil, D. 240, 437.
ge-^vendan, de, ed, Avk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to turn about, change, turn.
ge-weor>an, wearj>, worden, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to become, be, take place, Ex. 365, D. 471, 497.
ge-weorl>ian, ode, od, wkTv., S. 2, M. 6, to honor, adorn, make worthy. ge-weor)>ocl = adorned, Ex. 580, D. 41.
gevvin-daeg, -es, st. m., day of battle, of labor, of sorrow, D. 616.
ge-wiudan, wand, wunden, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to icind, icind about, entangle, D. 251.
ge-'wlta, -an, wk. m., a compan- ion, tcitness.
ge-witan, wat, witen, St. v., S.
6, M. 2, to go, depart, move, come, (die), Ex. 346. for}> ge- wa,t = died, Ex. 41; up ge-wat = came up, Ex. 459, D. 441.
ge-witt, -es, St. 11., mind, skill, knoicledge, D. 572, 628. (ge- wit.)
ge-writ, -es, st. n., a writ, writ- ing, book, (Scripture), on ge- writum, Ex. 519.
ge-wun, adj., used, accustomed, Ex. 473.
ge-\vur]»ian, see ge-weor]>ian,
D. 407, 444, M. 401 (a). ge-wyrean, ^vorhte, ■worht, wk.
v., S. 1, M. 6, to work, make, do,
construct, Ex. 396, D. 604. ge-wyrht, -es, St. n., a work,
deed. ge-wyrhto, indec, deserts, merits,
deeds, D. 444. ge-wyrj>ian, sec ge-weorJ>ian ,
Ex. 10. giddian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2,
M. 6, to recite, sing, speak, D.
728. gif, conj., if, though, even if, pro- vided that, lohether, Ex. 52. gifan, geaf, gifen, st. v., S. 5,
M. 1, to give, grant, bestoic.
wear)> wig gif en, D. 5. gifu, -e, St. f., gift, grace, favor,
D. 86. gih>o, -e, St. f., sorroio, care,
trouble. gihj>um healdaj> = in
sorrow hold, Ex. 534. (geli|>u.) gild, -es, St. n., reparation, re-
v-ard, retribution, D. 175. gildan, geald, golden, st. v., S.
3, M. 1, to reirard, requite, re- store,!). 212. (geldan.) gilp, -es, St. m., boast, boasting,
vain-gloi'y, Ex. 514, D. 599.
Also gielp. gilpan, gealp, golpen, st. v., S.
3, M. 1, to boast, D. 712,
714. gilp-plega, -an, see gylp-plega. gin, -es, St. n., an expanse, abyss,
a chasm, Ex. 430. gin-faest, adj., vast, loide, mighty.
Ex. 524. ging, adj.. see geong, D. 90. gitan, geat. giten, st. v., S. 5,
M. 1, to get, obtain. glade, adv., gladly, D. 439,
106
GLOSSARY.
glade, -es, St. m., fall, fall (of sun) . ser glade = before sunset, Ex. 293.
glaed. adj., glad.
glaed-mOd, adj., glad of mind, joyous, kind.
gleaw, adj., tcise, knowing, hav- ing knowledge of, D. 81, 743.
glejiAv-niOd, adj., icise-minded, prudent, D. -t-tS.
gled, -e, St. f.,fire, coal, D. 465.
gnorn, adj., sad, gloomy, gvlp wear)> gnornra, = their boasting became sadder, Ex. 454.
god, -es, St. m., God; plu., idols, Ex. 23, 71, 380, D. 24, 86. hie wit) god -vvunnon = they against God contended, Ex. 514.
g6d, -es, St. n., a good, good thing.
g6d, adj., good; plu., goods, wel- fare, Ex. 358, D. 11, 90, etc.
god-s&d, -es, St. n., piety, fear of God, (God's seed), D. 90.
god-spellian, -ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to proclaim, (to gos- pel), herald.
god-web, -es, st. n., costly tex- ture, purple cloth, prnj)le, Ex. 587.
gold, -es, St. n., gold, Ex. 580, D. 59.
gold-faet, -es, st. n., a gold ves- sel, costly vessel, D. 755.
gold-h(e)ord, -es, st. m., a treas- ury, treasure, treasure of gold, D. 2.
gomel, see gamel.
gr&dig, adj., greedy, covetous, de- sirous, hilde grsedige = greedy of battle, Ex. 162.
graes, -es. St. n., grass, D. 557.
grfttan, gret, gr&ten, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to loeep, lament.
gram, adj., hostile, fierce, cruel, dire, Ex. 144. J>urh gramra gang— through the onset of the enemy, D. 51.
gram-lice, adj., fiercely, severely, D. 714.
grene, adj., green, Ex. 281, 312, D. 518.
gretan, -te, Avk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to greet, accost, approach, seek out, take hold of, begin, Ex. 44; to call, Ex. 233,= curon (chose).
grim, adj.,^erce, toild, cruel, hos- tile, angry, grim and gealh- mod, D. 230, 439, 465.
grim-helm, -es, st. m., mark- helm, visor, helmet icith visor, Ex. 174, 330.
grimme, adv., cruelly, fiercely, hostilely, D. 211, 227. (sup.)
grindan, grand, grunden, st. v.,
5. 3, M. 1, to grind, rub together. grom, see gram, D. 233. grome, adv., fiercely, severely, D.
695. griind, -es, st. m., ground, earth,
bottom, Ex. 312, 502, D. 301. grymetan, ode, od, wk. v., S. 1,
M. 6, to sound, clash, rage, ecg
g\-ym*it(}CiQ:=i the weapon sounded
out, Ex. 408. gryndan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to be in the deep, to be deep, T). 324.
gryre, -es, st. m., dread, terror,
fright, Ex. 20. gyllende gryre,
Ex. 489, D. 439. goma, -an, wk. m., man, person,
being, Ex. 174, 193, (Israel) D.
51, 175. gum-rice, -es, st. n., kingdom of
men, kingdom, earth, D. 176. gu>, -e, St. f.,icar, battle, conflict,
Ex. 159, 325.
GLOSSARY.
107
gu>-cyst, -e, St. f., battle host, chosen host (bravery) , Ex. 343.
gu>-fremmend, -es, st. m.(part.) , fighting one, imrrior, Ex. 231.
gu>-mearc, see gu>-myrc.
gu>-myrc, -e, st. f., hostile fron- tier (Gr.).
Gul»-niyrce, st. plu., Ethiopians, Ex. 59.
guj>-)>reat, -es, st. m., tcar-band, host, Ex. 193.
gu>-weard, -es, st. m. , imr-giiard, leader, protector, Ex. 174.
gyfan, see gifan.
gyddlan, see giddian.
gyld, see gild.
gyldan, geald, golden, st. v.,
5. 3, M. 1, to repay, restore, re- toard. facne gyldau, Ex. 150.
gylden, adj., golden, Ex. 321.
gyllan, (e)de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. G, to roar, cry, sound aloud, make a loud noise, Ex. 489.
gylp, see gilp.
gylp-plega, -an, wk. m., boastful spear-play, rear, Ex. 280.
gyman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to keep, observe, care for. ne gymdon, kej)t not, Ex. 140.
gyrd-wite, -es, .st. n., affliction, punishment by the rod, Ex. 15.
gyst-sele, -es, st. m., guest-hall, banquet-hall, ^ysne gyst-sele (the v;orld, as a present abode) , Ex. 534.
gyt, conj. and adv., yet, still, Ex. 235, 519.
H.
habban, haefde, ed(d), wk. v. irreg., to have, keep, hold, oc- cupy, possess, M. 222. As an auxiliary, Ex. 1, 30, 37. 64, D. 63, 444, habban heora hlencan
= to put on (have on) their corse- lets, Ex. 218; hsefdon to segne = had for a sign, Ex. 319, D. 1634 ; hffifdon = hsefden, D. 454.
had, -es, st. ra., age, 7-ank, person, condition, form, manner, tribe, nature, D. 300, 371. (Eng. hood.)
hsefde, see habban.
haeft, -es, st. m., fetter, captivity, distress, lijeft waes on-S8eIed = their captivity teas over, Ex. 583, D. 206, 307. Also captive, slave.
haeg-steald, -es, st. m., one of high degree, leader, bachelor, Ex. 192, 327.
haelej*, -es, st. m., hero, warrior, man, Ex. 63, plu. haele^; Ex. 78, 376, 388,D. 71,M. 74, l(o). ha}let>a, D. 178, 403, 684 (Medes and Persians).
h&llg, see halig.
h&s, -e, St. f.,« command, behest. haliges hsesum = at the command of the Holy One, Ex. 385.
h&tan, -te, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to heat, make hot.
h8etu(o), -e, st. f., heat, icarmth, D. 262.
h&J», -e, St. f., heath, loaste.
h&)>en, -es, st. m., a pagan, heathen, D. 153, 252. Also adj., pagan, heathen, D. 71, 94.
h&J>en-cyning, -es, st. m., king of the heathen, heathen king, D. 54.
h&J»en-d6m, -es, st. m., heathen- dom, D. 221.
h&J»en-gyld, -es, st. n., idol, idol- atry, D. 207.
h&wen, adj., azure, blue, se'o liEewene lyft, Ex. 476.
hal, adj., ichole, sound, healthy, unharmed, D. 271.
108
OLOSSAUY.
Iialig. adj.. hobj, sacred. Ex. 71. 74. lialiges lare = «/(^; tmchiny of the Holy One, Ex. 307; ha- liscs liivsum. Ex. 385. D. 98: liali,i.'os irastas, 1). 2(1.
hals-wurj»ung, -e. st. f., thanks- givinfj, praise for prosperity. liand a-li6fon hals-wur)>unge = they raised their hands in thanks- giving, Ex. 581.
ham, -es, st. in., home, to liame = home, Ex. 450. As adv., Ex. 507.
ham-slttende, adj. (part.), abid- ing, residing. I). 0X7.
hand, -a, st. f.. hand, Ex. 43, I). 722. Expresses agency. J'Urli Moyses hand, Ex. 479. D. 4.
hand-lean. -es. st. n.. reward, recompense. Ex. 11'.
hand-plega. -an, \vk. m., hccnd- flay, contest, encounter, Ex. 327.
hand-rOf. adj., strong-handed, fa- mous for strength (fhand, brave. As noun, hand-rofra here, Ex. 247.
hand-weorc, -es. st. n., hand- work, ifork. hand-weorc godes {the v-all of waters), Ex. 492.
har, adj., hoar, gray, old, Ex. 118, 181.
hasu(o). 3idi., gray, ashen, tawny, Ex. 284.
hat, adj., hot, burning, fervid, glowing, Ex. 71, D. 271, 281. hate, Ex. 78, M. 362 (1) ; hatan lige, Ex. 122.
hat, -es, St. n., heat, fire, Ex. 78 (in.st.).
hat, see ge-hat, D. 321. (hat = hads.)
hatan, he(h)t, fheht), haten, St. v., S. 1, M. 5, to order, call,
command, promise, pass, hatte = to be called, named, Ex. 63, 177, D. 79, 120. het, supplied after faran, 1). 53.
hat-wende, adj., hot, burmtig, Ex. 74.
he, pers. pro., he (she, it). Also reflexive, himself, Ex. 263, 402, D.24,47. S(i\nm.= hetoiohom, Ex. 380; plu., hie, Ex. 387; gen., heora, Ex. 509, (hiera) D. 10; heom (dat.), Ex. 58G; ace. plu., hie, Ex. 456, 498, D. 17, 29 ; used indefinitely = they.
he~af, -es, st. m., mourning, lam- entation, ht'af wses ge-niwad, Ex. 35.
heah, adj., /*iV//t. noble, great, im- portant, comp. hyrra, sup. hyhst (healist), Ex. '492, 1). 383. he^ali waes = great was, Ex. 19 (hige-crosft) heline = excellent, I). 98. As adv., high, far up. h(^ih to heofcnura, Ex. 460.
heah-burg(h), -e, st. f., a high city, metropolis, D. 699.
heah-cyning, -es, st. m., high king, king of kings, lord, (God), 1). 408, 626.
heah-faeder, -es, st. m., patriarch. ]it"ah-f ajdera sum = one of the patriarchs, Ex. 357.
heah-heort, adj., high-hearted, proud, D. 540.
heah-land, -es, st. n., highland, mountain country, Ex. 385. Also hoah-lond.
helih-inaegen, -es, st. n., high strength, power, virtue.
heahst, see heah.
helih-steald, see haeg-steald.
heah-tre'ow, -e, st. f., leagiie, sacred covenant.
he'ah->egen, see heh->egn.
GLOSSARY,
109
heah-J>egnung, -e, 8t. f., hi(jh service, duty, office, Ex. 96.
heah-Jjungen, adj., noble, illus- trions, (^foses'), Ex. 517.
taealdan, hebld, healdan, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to hold, hold fast, support, own, occupy, preserve, protect, observe, Ex. 177. wsere healdan = A-eep the covenant, D. 11; gihhiim healda)' = /ioZ(Z (in- habit) xcith sorrow, Ex. 534, D. 198. (he'old = heald, Ex. 61?)
healf, -e, st. f., half, side, Ex. 209.
heall, -e, st. f., a hall, T). 719, 729.
hean, adj., depresses?, abject, poor, despised, miserable, D. 666.
heap, -es, st. m., heap, crowd, band, army, assembli/, Ex. 192, 311, D. 302.
heard, adj., hard, bold, severe, dxtrable, strong, Ex. 327. hearde = brave, I). 94, 432.
hearde. adv., severely, D. 598.
hearg(h) , -es, st. m. , grove, wood, idol, temple.
hearm, -es, st. m., harm, loss, sorrov^, evil. D. 458.
hearra, -an, wk. m., lord, master, D. 393.
hea-seld, -es, st. n., a high seat. throne, D. 722.
heaJ>o-rinc, -es, st. m., battle- hero, hero, warrior, Ex. 241.
heaJ»o-wylni, -es, st. m., battle- icave, deadly flame-waves, feuds, Ex. 148. heahoCii), used only in compounds.
hebban, hOf. hafen, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to heave, i-aise, lift up; M. 207 {d), lift up (the voice). ge-f rfegn . . . hebban = learned that they raised, Ex. 99, 301;
j hof on hlfide stef ne = lifted up loud voices, Ex. 574 ; hebbanne = hajbbanne (?), D. S2l = to reckon.
Hebreas, plu., see Ebre'as.
hedan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to guard, heed, take possession of, Ex. 583.
heht, see hatan.
heh-J»egn, -es, st. ra. , chief attend- ant, superior thane (servant), angel, D. 443.
hell, -e, St. f., hergas on helle = hosts in hell, Ex. 46.
helm, -es, st. m., defender, cover, protector (Lord), D. 16.
help, -e, St. f., help, aid, support, D. 236, 293.
helpan, healp, holpen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1. to help, aid, assist. As sub., helpendra pa,'p = jyath of the helping ones (?), Ex. 487.
helpend, -es, st. m., helper, D. 403.
heofon. -es (-e, -an), st. ni.. and wk. f., heaven, Ex. 73, 426. D. 154, 330.
he'cfon, -e, st. f. irreg., mourning, lamentation, Ex. 46.
heofon-be'kcen, -es, st. n., heav- enly sign, token, Ex. 107.
heofon-beorht, adj., heavenly bright, glorious, D. 341.
heofon-candel, -es, st. n., heav- en's candle, a heavenly light, sun, moon, stars, pillar of flre, Ex. 115.
heofon-col, -es, st. n., heavenly coal , heat of the sun. brune . . . hatum heofon-colum = brown from the great sun-heat, Ex. 71.
heofon-cyning, -es, st. m., king of heaven (God), Ex. 410.
heofene, -an, see heofon.
110
GLOSSARY.
heofon-fusol. -es. st. m..fowl of
(he air. bird of heaven, bird, D.
387. heofon-heah, adj., heaven-high,
hft'i. 1). 5oi. heofon-rice, -es, st. n., kingdom
of heaven, heaven, Ex. 485, D.
12, 26. heofon-st«orra, -an, wk. in., star
of heaven, star, I). 321, 371. heofon-torht, adj^hcavenlij briyht,
(jlnrioHS, Ex. 78. heofon-tungel, -es, t<t. lu. and n.,
star of heaven, star, snn, P.
501. heold, see healdan. heboid, -e, st. f., lair, cave, hold. heolfor, -es, st. u., blood, gore.
liolm heolf re . . . spaw = the sea
spit gore, Ex. 44'J, -l"*;. heolster, see heolstor. heolstor, -es, st. n.. hiding-place,
cavern, Ex. 115. heorran, adv., hence, from nov;
on. Ex. 287. heoro-fae>m, -es, st. m., fatal
embrace, embrace of death, lieo-
ro-fa;hnium = icith his fatal
grasp, Ex. 504. heor(o)t, -es, st. m., a hart, 1).
574. heoro-wulf, -es, st. m., army-
irolf, xrarrior, Ex. 181. heort. adj., high-minded, judicious.
D. 3114. heorte, -an, wk. f., heart, Ex.
148, D. 491, 570. heoru-grim. adj., very savage,
fierce, cruel. D. 307. heran, de. ed. wk. v., S. 1, M. G ;
see herian, D. 206. here, -es (ges), st. m., army,
hand, host, troop {s),'E.^. 13, 107,
D. 54.
here-blea}>, adj., afraid in the army, ti)nid, cowardly, Ex. 453.
here-byme, -an, wk. f., a war- trumpet, Ex. 99.
here-cist, -e, st. f., division of an army, cohort, Ex. 177. Also hei'e-cyst.
here-fugol, -es, st. ra., army-fowl, raven, vulture, Ex. 161.
here-pa(e)J», -es, st. m. and n., army-roadorpath, course, march. wisde him . . . here-pa> = pointed out the path of the a^tny, D. 38.
here-reaf, -es, st. n., spoil, army- plunder, booty, Ex. 583.
here-str^t, -e, st. f., army-road, public icay, Ex. 284.
here-tj'ma, -an, wk. m., army- leader, leader, chief, D. 603.
here-J're'at, -es, st. m., band, host, company, Ex. 122, (Israel), Ex. 574.
here-wisa, -an, wk. ni., leader of an army, here-wisan hynl'U^ insidt to the chief, Ex. 323.
here-wop, -es, st. m., army-cry, lament of an army, here-wopa micst = the greatest of army- laments, Ex. 460.
here-wOsa, -an, st. m., army- leader, warrior, one fierce in xmr, D. 629.
hergan, see herian, D. 207.
herige, see here, D. 181.
herian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to praise, honor, glorify, Ex. 575, D. 257. herige = herigen, D. 377.
her(i)gean, see herian, Ex. 546, D. 207.
hete, -es, st. m., hate, T). 620.
hettan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to pursue, harass, drive-
GLOSSARY.
Ill
hettend, -es, st. m. (part.), en- emy, pursuer, Ex. 201), M. 74, 1
hicgan, see hycgan.
Hierusalem, -e, f., Jerusalem, D. 2.
hige, -es, st. m., 7nind, sotd, heart. nalles Mge ge-hyrdou = not at all did they observe the mind (icill) of, Ex. 307.
hige-craeft, -es, st. m. (-e, st. f.), mental power, knowledge, lois- dom, D. 98.
liige-J>ancol, adj., prudent, icise, thoughtful, D. 94.
hiht, -e, St. f. (-es, m.), hope. langsumne liilit = continual hope, Ex. 405.
hild, -e, St. f., battle, combat, fight, war, Ex. 162.
hild, -es, St. m., grace, protection, favor, on hild godes, Ex. 568.
hilde-calla, -an, wk. m., icar- herald, c<i.ller to battle, herald, Ex. 252.
hilde-spell, -es, st. n., story of the battle, Ex. 573.
Mndan, adv., behind, from be- hind, in the rear, Ex. 456.
hine, adv., hence, aicay. Also pro., see he.
hirde, -es, st. m., keeper, guar- dian, lord, D. 199.
hlaford, -es, st. m., a lord, D. 675.
hleahtor, -es, st. m., noise, latigh- ter, rejoicing.
hleahtor-smijj, -es, st.m., laugh- ter-smith (producer), caxiser of laughter, Ex. 43. laugher.
hlenca, -an, wk. m. (-e, -an, f.), link, coat of mail, chain, corse- let, Ex. 218.
hle^o (w) , -es, st. m. , shade, shelter, protection, Ex. 79, D. 587, 691.
hle'bJ>or, -es, st. n., sound, voice, song, oracle, joy, Ilx. 417, D. 178.
hleoJ»or-cwlde, see hle'bjjor- cwyde.
hle'bJ»or-c\vyde, -es, st. m., speech, saying, prophecy, revela- tion, oracle, D. 155.
hleo]»rian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to speak, sound, exclaim, resound.
hlifi(g)an, ode (ede),od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to rise up, toiccr. hix >ser hlifedon = hoio there towered, Ex. 89, D. 501, 613.
hligan, see hlj'gan.
hlud, adj., loud, Ex. 99.
hluttor, adj., bright, clear.
hlygan, hlah,hligen, S. 5, M. 2, to call, call upon, praise, D. 311.
hlyPi -es, St. m., a leap, D. 574.
hlyst, -e, St. f., hearing, attentive listening, D. 178.
hnigan, hnah, hnlgen, st. v.,
5. 5, M. 2, to bow, bend, descend, fall, incline.
h6f, see hebban.
hogian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M.
6. See hycgan, D. 687. hold, adj., kind, good, gracious,
dear, loyal, Ex. 19, D. 443.
})ara he Um hold ne wa2S =
those icho icere not friendly, D.
16. holm, -es, st. m., icater, sea, deep,
Ex. 284. \\o\m = the deep, Ex.
449. holnieg, adj., icet, misty, stormy,
Ex. 118. holm-weall, -es, st. m., wall of
loaves, sea-wall, holm weall a-
stali=;/ie sea-wall arose, Ex.
467. holt, -es, St. n., a grove, xoood, D.
574.
112
GLOSSARY.
hord-iiiapgon. -es, st. n., a treas- ure-house, treasra'}/, D. (!75.
hord-weard, -es, st. m., guar- dian of the treasure, jiossessor of iveaJth, Ex. 35, (Egj'ptiaus), Ex. 511. liord-wearda ge- strcTon, D. 65.
horn, -es, st. m., horn, trumpet, Ex. 192.
horse, adj., icise, prudent, Ex. 13.
hraefn, -es, st. m., 7-aven, Ex. 1G2.
hraegl, -es, st. n., garment(s), clothing, armor, 1). 437.
hr*w, -es, st. m., carcass, corpse, Ex. 41.
hraj>e, adv., soon, quickly, straight- loay, Ex. 501, D. 242. Comp. D. 756.
hre'am,-es, st. m., din, noise, up- roar, hre'am waes on yj'um, Ex. 449.
hreli-w, see hr^w.
hreddan, de, ed, Avk. v., S. 1, M.
C, to rescue, deliver, D. 671. hremman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1,
M. 6, <o disquiet, D. 756. hreoh-mOd, adj., angry in mind,
enraged, sad, troubled, D. 242. hre'bp, see hropan. hrepan, see hrOpan. hrcj», adj., rough, vild, savage,
Ex. 310, D. G20. hre]>an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to exult over, rejoice in, Ex.
573. hrej>er, -es, st. m., mind, heart,
inner thought, breast, Ex. 366,
D. 7.56.
hrej>er-gleaw, adj . , wise, prudent, Ex. 13.
hrOf, -es, st. m., top, (roof), sum- mit, surface. o\> . . . hrof = up to the summit of, Ex. 298, D. 239, 407.
hrdpan, hroop, hrdpen, st. v.,
S. 1, M. 5, to call, cry out.
hruse, -an, wk. f., a rock, hill.
hryre, -es, st. ra., fall, doicnfall, destruction, death, Ex. 35, 611, D. 671.
hfi, adv., how, xohy, toherefore, Ex. 25, 85, D. 50. = hwi, inst. of Invajt.
hiiru, adv., yet, perhaps.
hfisl-fa;t, -es, st. n., a vessel for sacrifice (liousel), D. 705.
huj>, -e, St. f., booty, spoil, to liu^e = as booty, D. 65.
h'w&j pro. (intcrr. and rel.),wAo, what, to hvvses hiEg-stealdum = to the leaders of which, Ex. 192, D. 421 ; indef . = any one, thing.
hwsel, -es, st. m., whale, D. 387.
hwael, -es, st. m., wheel, circle. on liwa;l = iw. a circle, Ex. 161.
hwa?t, see hwa.
hwaet, interj., lo ! behold! what! indeed! Ex. 1, 278, D. 284, M. 263 (2), 377 (1) (6), B. 1.
hw8e]>er, conj. and pro., whether, which of two, either, each.
hwaejjere, adv., yet, however, D. 168, 234.
hwearfian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to roll on, advance, ap- proach, turn, wander. gu}' liwearfode=: tear was approach- ing, Ex. 159.
hw^op, sec hwOpan.
hweorfan, hwearf, hworfen, st. \., S. 3, M. 1, to turn, turn one's self, turn about, change, wander, (die), D. 203, 271, M. 204 (/>).
hweorfon = hwurf on, see hweor- fan, D. 267.
hwil, -e, St. f., while, interval of time, space (of time). Ijtle
GLOSSARY.
113
hwile =/or a short time, D. 29,
349, M.295 (a). hwilc, pro., (a) rel., lohich, which
one, .icho, D. 81; (ft) indef.,
some one, some, any, Ex. 438.
Also interrog. hwile, -an, wk. f., see hwU. hwilon, adv., at times, often.
Also hwiluni, Ex. 170. hwit, adj., white, Ex. 301. hwonne, adv. and conj., ichen,
as long as, until, Ex. 250, 471.
hwonne ser= ichenjirst. hwOpan, hwebp, hw6pen, st. v.,
5. 1, M. 5, to cry out aloud, threaten, hwe'bp (J>am here- >reate) = threatened, Ex. 121, 447.
hwurfan, see hiveorfan, D. 110,
(partic. inf.). hwylc, see hwilc. hwyrfan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to turn, change, be turned, loander. hwy rf e = liwyrf en , D . 221.
hwyrft, -es, st. m., loay out, out- let, nahton maran hwyrft = had no way out, Ex. 210. D. 322.
hycgan, hogode(ade), od, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to think, think of, meditate, resolve, hope, D. 218, Ex. 218.
hyge, -es, st. m., see hige, D. 117.
hyge-craeft, see hige-craeft.
hyge-]»ancol, see hige-J>ancol.
hyht, see hiht.
hyl(l), see hill, D. 383.
hyld(o), St. f ., grace, favor, D. 293.
hyn>u, see hyn>u, M. 100 {a).
hynj»u, -e, st. t., disgrace, humili- ation, injury, Ex. 323.
hyran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to hear, obey, to subject, to heed, Ex. 410, M. 170, D. 153.
hyrde, -es, st. m., guardian, pro- tector, wses him hirde (god) = their protector, D. 11.
hyse, -es, st. ra., youth, young man, boy, D. 217, 231.
hysse, see hyse.
I (J).
lacob, -es, m., Jacob.
ic, pers. pro., /, Ex. 98, 269, D. 1,57; plu.,we, Ex. 528; dat., us, Ex. 529.
ican, see 5"can.
in, prep. w. dat. and ace, in, into, on, upon, at, during, for, toxoard, about. («) local : in uproder, Ex. 4, 94, 244, 321, D. 2,95. (ft) tem- poral : in lif-dagum, Ex. 423, 1). 103. (c) condition or manner : in ge-dwolan=in the state of error, D. 22, 90 ; in blacum reli- fum, Ex. 212. {d) additional uses : in teht = into his posses- sion, Ex. 11; in J^aet rinc-getfel = into, Ex. 234; in ge-hyld = into his care, Ex. 382.
inca, -an, wk. m., doubt, suspi- cion, complaint, cause.
inca-Jje'ode = in-ge-he'bde, Ex. 443.
ing = ging (geong), adj., young. inge-men, Ex. 190. inge = ginge (geonge). (in-gemen.)
in-ge-folc, -es, st. u., inhabitants, native or home people, Ex. 142.
in-gere, adv., of old (Bosworth). See iu-gere.
in-ge-J»anc, -es, st. m., inner thinking, mind, thought, U. 280.
in-ge->e'bde, n. plu., tribes, na- tion, people, Ex. 443.
in-lende, adj., inland, native. olit in-londe =/eflr induced by the natives, Ex. 136.
114
GLOSSARY.
Innan. prep, with jrcn. and rlat..
also adv. , in . inside, into, irithin.
^ser on innan = (herein ; in J>one
ofen innan, D. 238: on innan —
therein, D. 245, 259. Also w.
ace. Inne, adv., inside, into, icithin,
besides, D. 275. Joseph, -es, m., Joseph, Ex. 587. iren, see isen. Is, see >vesan or bebn. Isaac, -es, m., Isaac. isen, -es, st. n., iron, D. 244.
Also adj. fsern, -es, st. n., iron, sicord, D.
502. Also adj., made of iron, iron. isern-here, -es, st. m.,iron army,
host in iron armor, Ex. 348.
(isern-lierigum.) Israhel, -es, m., Israel, Ex. 198.
(Israhelas). Judas, -as, irreg., Jwdaft. Judas
for, Ex. 330. Judeas, -a, m.plu., Jews, D. 708. Judlsc (ludisc), adj., Judaish,
of the tribe ofJudah, Ex. 312. iu, adv., 07ice, of old, formerly,
Ex. 288. iu-geara, adv., see iu-gere. iu-gere, adv., of old, formerly,
Ex. 33.
lAcan, lee (leolc), lacen, st. v.,
S. 1, M. 5, to flicker, xoaver,
spring, contend, lacende lig, D.
476. lad-si>, sec laj>-si>. I*dan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
G, to lead, move, conduct, Ex.
54, 77. Iseddon = moved, Ex.
194. l&ne, adj., transient, perishable,
mortal, liable to destruction, Ex.
268. Ijene dre'ara = tra^isient
joy, Ex. 531. l^rlg, -es, St. m., rim or edge of a
shield, ofer linde laerig, Ex. 239. Ifts, adv. and conj., less, lest. )>y
\&s=lest that, Ex. 117. lAst, -€, St. f., performance, ful- filment, Ex. 308. l&stan, te, S. 1, M. 6, to execute,
follow out, continue, (last), Ex.
244. l(a)etan, let, l&ten, st. v., S. 1,
M. 5, to let, alloic, endure, leave.
gif hie raetod Iste, Ex. 52, D.
56, 722. laf, -e, St. f., that left, a remnant,
heritage, to lafe = as remnant,
Ex. 508. So D. 80. wsepna
lMe= those spared in battle, D.
14; calde lafe = the ancient
sword (as a heritage), Ex. 408. lagu, -e, St. f., laio. lagu(o), St. ra. (indec), sea,
water, Ex. 482. lagu-lad, -e, st. f., a sea-way,
voyage, journey. lagu-land, -es, st. n., loater-del-
ugcd land, Ex. 482. lagu-strelim, -es, st. m., sea- stream, sea, ocean, D. 388.
(lago-s.) land, -es, st. n., land, firm ground,
Ex. 40, 1). 303. Also, territory,
dominion, country, Ex. 57, 69.
land Canaan^a, Ex. 443; plu.,
Ex. 60 (land). land-ge-sceaft, -e, st. f., earthly
creattire or creation, mortal.
call land-ge-sceaft, D. 360. land-man, -es, st. m., landman,
native inhabitant, Ex. 179. land-riht, -es, st. n., land-right,
landed estate, right to estate, Ex.
354.
GLOSSARY.
115
land-weard, -es, st. m., Ia7ul- warden, guardian of the shore.
lang, adj., long, lasting. Comp. lengran, Ex. 531 ; langne st)>, D. 68. Sup. lengest, Ex. 423, D. 573.
lange, adv., long, a long time, Ex. 138. Comp. leng, Ex. 206, D. 430.
langsum, adj., long, lasting, Ex. 6, 405.
langung, -e, st. f., longing, de- sire, D. 29.
lar, -e, st. f., teaching, counsel, (lore), exhortation, command, Ex. 268, 307. witgan larum = at the command or by the in- struction of the prophet, Ex. 390, D. 25; lare = an adv., xoisely, D. 661.
last, -es, St. m., trace, trail, foot- step, on last = on the track of, Ex. 167, 337.
last-weard, -es, st. m., pursuer, persecutor, successor, heir, Ex. 138, (Pharaoh). I^one last (Isaac) , Ex. 400.
iat-J>eow, -es, St. m., guide, lead- er, Ex. 104.
ia>, adj., hateful, hostile, Ex. 40, 57. As noun=/oe, Ex. 195, 461.
ia>, -es, St. n., evil, suffering, in- jury, sin, D. 263, 430.
iaj»-searo(w), -es, st. n., intrigue, cunning, hateful device, D. 436.
laj>-si>, -es, st. m.,dire or hateful journey, Ex. 44. (lad-sit>.)
le'an, -es, st. n., recompense, retri- bution, (loan), Ex. 315. debp l^an = a heavy retribution, Ex. 506.
l^as, adj., loose, free, bare, bereft, D. 283, 302.
leng. see lange, D. 430, M. 124. lengan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to prolong, put off, reach, D. 646.
le'od, -es, st. m., prince, leader, ruler, Ex. 277, D. 618.
le'bd, -e, st. t., folk, people; in plu., men, people, Ex. 44, 152. lebde Kne (Israel), Ex. 444, D. 25.
leod-fruma, -an, "wk. m., prince of the people, rider, Ex. 354.
leod-hata, -an, wk. m., people- hater, tyrant, despot, Ex. 40.
leod-maegen, -es, st. n., might of the people, host, multitude, lebd- maegne f or-stod = stood in the way of the host, Ex. 128, 167.
le'cd-scearu, -e, st. f., tribe, peo- ple, nation, Ex. 337.
leod-sclpe, -es, st. m., people, nation, tribe, in lebd-scipe = among the people, Ex. 244.
lebd-weard, -es, st. m. , guardian- ship of the people, government, territory. le^od-weard = terri- tory, Ex. 57.
leod-weras, st. m. plu., men, hu- man beings, Ex. 110.
le'od-werod, -es, st. n., host, na- tion. ISdde lebd-werod, Ex. 77.
leof, adj., dear, beloved, valued, lebf gode = dear to God, Ex. 12 ; f olca lebfost = dearest of, Ex. 279; as noun, Ex. 308, D. 249; comp. lebfran = too dear, Ex. 409 ; lebfost, sup. (Isaac) , Ex. 384, (Israel), D. 37.
leofan, leaf, lofen, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to love, enjoy, choose, pre- fer, D. 56.
le'cgan, leag(li), logen, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to lie, betray, de-
116
GLOSSARY.
crivr. nalef< nie sefa Icbgch, D. 41(i. leoht, -es. st. n., li/jht. Icoht and ITf, Ex. 545; al^o adj., light, clear, briyht, flashinii, Ex. 90; also adv., brightlij. Ex. 251, U.
leoht-frunia, -an. wk. in. , creator,
prince of li'jht, D. 40!). leorna, -an. Avk. ni., liyht, beam
or ray of light, Ex. 112, D.343. leo, -on, wk. ni. and f., lion,
lioness. leon, -es, st. m., lion, gyldenne
leon (as a standard or ensign) ,
Ex. a21. leornian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2,
M. (5, to learn, meditate on,
think out. leornedon = leornc
den, D. .s3. leo)>, -es, St. n., a lay, song, poem,
Ex. 308. let, see l&tan. libban, lifde, wk. v. irreg., M.
G, to live, D. 107, (of Abraham),
Ex. 383. lie, -es, St. n., body, D. 343, 436. llcgan, laeg, legen, st. v., S. 5,
M. 1, to lie, be situated, Ex. 457,
588. (lagon.) lic-wund, -e, st. f., wound, body-
icound. lic-Avunde spor = the
trace of a xcound, Ex. 23i). lif, -es, St. n., life, Ex. 5, 104, J).
300. life gefegon= </i/'y en- joyed life, Ex. oCi), D. 608. lif-djeg, -es, st. in., day of life.
in lif-dagum = in his lifetime,
Ex. 423. lif-frea, -an, wk. ra., lord of life,
Ex. 271, D. 396. lif-fruma, -an, wk. m., author of
life, life-giver, 643. lifg(e)an, see lifigan.
lifi(g)an, leofode, od, wk. v.
irreg., M. 6, to live, exist, con-
tirme, D. 1, 326. liflgend, adj. (part.), living, Ex.
264, 324. As noun, Ex. 6, 277,
1). 573. lif-weg, -es, st. m., life-path, loay
of life, Ex. 104. lift-weg, -es, St. m., air-way, Ex.
104(?). lif-wela, -an, wk. m., life-weal,
irealth, good things of life, pros-
perity, heavenly life, D. 56. l'g(g)' -es, St. m. and n., flame,
fire, Ex. 110, D. 228. lige, -es, St. in., lie. (lygc.) liget, -es, St. n. (-e, f.), flash,
lightning-flash, flame, D. 380. lige-word, see lygc-word. lig-fyr, -es, st. n., flame of fire,
fire, (sun), Ex. 77. lignian, see lygnian. lihtan, see lyhtan. limpan, lamp, lumpen, st. v.,
S. 3, M. 1, to befall, happen,
succeed. lind, -e, st. f., linden, shield, lin- den-shield, Ex. 239. linde, -an, wk. f., see lind. linnan, Ian, liinucn, st. v., S. 3,
M. 1, to depart, leave, be deprived
of, yield, desist, cease, sawhiin
lunnon=: lost their lives, Ex. 496. liss, -e, St. f., favor, grace, kind- ness, lissa bidde = pray for
favor(s), Ex. 271, 545. list, -e, also -es, st. f. and m.,
wisdom, art, skill, deceit, listum
= deceitfully. Iltel, see "lytel. litel f a;c, D. 682. lixan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, ■• to flash,, shine, glitter, ^ored
lixan = the host glittering, Ex.
157, lixton, Ex. 125.
GLOSSARY.
117
loc(c), -es, St. m., lock of hair.
fyrene loccas, Ex. 120. loca, -an, wk. m., lock, bolt, cap- tivity. lOcian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M.
6, to look, see, behold, lociah,
Ex. 278. lof, -es, St. m. and n., praise, 1).
476. lofi(g)an, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2,
M. 6, to praise, exalt, celebrate,
D. 373, 380. loflge= lofigeu,
D. 373, 380. lufan = liifon, see leofaii, T). 56. lufe, -an, wk. f., love, 1). 21. lufen, -e, St. f., love, ofev ealle
luf en = contrary to all love, D. 73. lufian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M.
6, to love, exhibit love, D. 391. lust, -es, St. m., pleasure, delight,
longing, desire, Ex. 53, D. 249. lybban, lifde, wk. v. (irrea;.), M.
6. See libban. lyfan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6,
to believe. lyfan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6,
to allow, grant. lyfode = leofo(le, see Iifi(g)an. lyft, -e (-es), st. m. and f., air,
Ex. 74. lyft up <i;e-s weave = the
air above grew dark, Ex. 461,
476, D. 380. lyft, -es, St. n., promise, gift, grant.
lyft vfy\mvi= grant of joys, Ex.
531. lyft-edor, -es, st. m., air-region,
sky, Ex. 251. lyft-helm, -es, st. m., air-helm,
cloud, mist, lyft-lielrae be)>ealit
= covered with a cloud, Ex. 60. lyft-lacend, part, adj., sporting in
the air, flying, D. 388. lyft-wundor, -es, st. m., air-won- der, meteor, Ex. 90.
lyge-word, -es, st. n., a falsehood,
lying word, D. 720. lygnian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M.
6, to deny, D. 764. lyhtan, te, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to
flash, lighten, shine, I). 158. lyst, -e, St. f., desire, love. See
lust, lyt, adv., little. As noun, woruld-
drc~ania lyt = fevj vorhl-j<iys
(joys), -Ex. 42. lytel, adj., little, short. lytle
hwile= Init a short time, D. 29.
M.
ma, see micel, more, larger, D. 264.
madm, see maj>in.
maecg, -es, st. m., see maecga.
maecga, -an, wk m., man, D. 265.
m^g, -es, St. m., kinsman, relation by blood, son, D. 523. his maga f eorh = the lives of his kinsmen, Ex. 17; magum, Ex. 52.
m»g-burh, (g)e, st. f., family, race, tribe, people, genealogy, na- tion, Ex. 55, 352, 360.
maigen, -es, st. n., force, might, bodily strength, virtue, host, army, Ex. 131, 242, 245. Jnirh metodes msegen, D. 4 ; modigra mfegen = host of, Ex. 101. So Ex. 210, 226, 300, 346, D. 7.
maegen-haep, adj. as noi;n, vigor- ous, powerfid.
ma'gen-he'ap, see msegen-haep. to ['am ma^geu-he'apum, Ex. 197.
msegen-rOf, adj., mighty, poiver- ful, Ex. 275.
maegen-scipe, -es, st. n., power, ride, supremacy, D. 20.
msegen-Jre'at, -es, st. m., mighty host, great army, mfegen-br^i- tas (the Egyptians), Ex. 512;
118
GLOSSARY.
mspgen-hrc'at miBre (the Babj'- loiiians;), U. 45.
maegen-Jjryni, -es, st. m., vigor, strength, mighty force, valor, Ex. 349. maegen-hrymma maest = the greatest of mighty poicers, Ex. 540.
maegen-wSsa, -an, wk. m., a lead- er of forces, general, mighty leader, Ex. 553.
m5'g-wine, -es, st. m., hlood- friend, kinsman, friend, Ex. 146. for his m^g-winuui, Ex. 314.
m^l, -es, St. n., a meal, portion, D. 575.
in&lan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. (5, to speak, talk.
maeldan, sec m&Ian.
m^l-mete, -es, st. m.,food.
maeni(g)eo, see menigeo, T>. 5.
in5?re, adj., irell knovn, cele- brated, famous, clear, hnght. dajg naes maire (clear), Ex. 47; msere {famous) mago-rseswa, Ex. 102." So Ex. 340, D. 45, 105, 285. msest and meerost = great- est and most famous, Ex. 395.
m&re-torht, adj., bright, shining, Ex. 34fi.
mSist, see micel.
inajst-rap, -es, st. m., mast-rope, halyards, Ex. 82.
maet, see metan.
m&tan, ie, ed (od), wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to dream, D. 119.
m&te, adj., moderate, small, D. r,35.
niae}>el, see me]?el.
mfcj>el-8tede, see mejjel-stede.
m&ting, -e, st. f., dream, D. 141.
maga, -an, wk. m., son, young man. magan (Isaac), Ex. 397, 413.
magan, pret. pres. meahte (niihte), 7nay, can, to be able. lie . . . gese^ou meahton = might not see, Ex. 83, 114, 189; subj. (msege), Ex. 439; pret. subj. meahte, D. 50; milite, m«ge = may prevail, I). 523.
mago-r&swa, -an, wk. m., leader of men, leader, Ex. 17, 55, 102. (magu-.)
nian(n), -es, st. m. Irreg., man, person, human being, Ex. 82, 190, T>. 130; indef. )>oniie men ciinnon, Ex. 373. So Ex. 395, 549.
man, -es, st. n., sin, badness, in- justice, crime, D. 184.
mSn, adj., mean, bad, false, sin- ful, criminal, mamim tre'bwum (with false faith), Ex. 149(?), 334.
man-bealu(o), -wes, st. n., crime, cruelty, hateful deed, evil deed, D. 45.
man-cyn, -es, st. n., mankind, men, D. 36, G35, 659.
man-dream, -es, st. m., revelry, htnnan joy, joy, D. 571.
man-drlhten, -es, st. m., lord of men, prince, lord, D. 157, 637.
man-dryhten, see man-drihten.
man-hus, -es, st. n., house of evil, abode of the wicked, man-hus fsEst under foldan (hell), Ex. 535.
manig, adj. and noun, many, many a one, Ex. 255, 488, etc., D. 285. (monig.)
man-lica, -an, wk. m., man-like- ness, statue, effigy, D. 174.
man-sc(e)a}»a, -an, wk. m., rob- ber, sinner, vrretch, malicious foe, Ex. 37.
m&ra, see mlcel, D. 492.
GLOSSARY.
119
in&}>in, -es, st. m.,gift, jeml, treas- ttre, Ex. 143. ealde iuat'mas = the old treasures, Ex. 585.
inaj>in-hord, -es, st. n., treasure- hoard, treasure. maj'm-horda (contents of the ark) mcest, Ex. 368.
inaj»uin-hord, see ma>m-hord.
me, see ic.
meagol-lice, adv.,poicerfully, v:ith strength, emphasis, wile maegol- lice . . . taecan = vjill poxoerfully instruct, Ex. 527.
meaht, see miht.
meahte, see magan.
meahtig, see mihtlg.
mearc, -e, st. f ., mark, district, do- main, province, boundary. l>eod meare tredan, Ex. 158.
mearc-hof, -es, st. n., place, court, court-enclosure, limit, Ex. 61.
mearc-land, -es, st. n., border- land, (march-land), Ex. 67.
mearc-lond, see mearc-land.
inearc-J>re'at, -es, st. m., border- host, army, frontier army, Ex. 173.
mearc-weard, -es, st. m., border (march) -tcarden, forest-guard, imlf. hre'bpon mearc-weardas, Ex. 168.
mear(h)g, -es, st. m., horse meara bogum, Ex. 171.
mece, -es, st. m., sword, dagger.
mid mece, Ex. 413, 494. Medas, -a, plu., Medes, D. 681,
688. medu-gM, adj., mad icith mead,
joyous, D. 703. meld, -e, st. f., proof, announce- ment, information, D. 648. meldan, see maeldan, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to speak, announce.
meltan, mealt, molten, st. v., S.
3, M. 1, to melt, dissolve, Ex. 484.
meni(e)o, see men(i)geo.
men(i)geo, st. f. indec, many, multitude, host, people, Ex. 48, 334. Other forms exist, as mengu (go, geo), menigo (ego), misnigo (ego, igeo, egeo), ma- negu, etc., D. 122, 145.
meodu-gal, see medu-gal.
nieoring, -e, st. f., obstacle, hin- drance, danger, fela meoriiiga — icith many dangers, Ex. 62.
me(o)tud, -es, st. m., see metod.
me'c-wle, -an, wk. f., maid, girl. Afrisc me'bwle, Ex. 579.
mere, see m&re.
mere, -es, st. m., body of water, sea, ocean, Ex. 300. mere mod- gode = the sea raged, Ex. 458.
mere-dea>, -es, st. m., death in the sea, drowning, Ex. 464, 512.
mere-fl6d, -es, st. m., sea-flood, ocean, Ex. 503.
mere-hwearf, -es, st. m., sea- shore, shore, Ex. 516.
mere-stream, -es, st. m., sea- stream, current, waves, Ex. 210, 468, D. 503. mere-stre'ames mod = the violence of the waves, Ex. 488.
mere-tor(r), -es, st. m., sea-tower, tower, heap of leaves, Ex. 484.
merse, -es, st. m., marsh, swamp. ofer sealtne mersc, Ex. 333.
metan, maet, meten, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to measure, mete, mark off, traverse, Ex. 92, 171, D. 575.
mete-J>egn, -es, st. m., meat-thane, steward, Ex. 131.
met(e)gian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to consider, meditate upon, D. 119(?).
120
GLOSSARY.
niet(g)iaii, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to control, guide, moder- ate.
inetian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. (), to measiire, appoint, D. 119 (V).
iiietod = niifetod (drea^ned), D. 119; see niietaii.
nietod, -es, st. in., a disposer, {God), ordainer, fate. so> me- tod, Ex. 478; metod al-wihta = lord of all, D. 14, 56; metode ge-corene = cAoscn of God, D. 93.
me>el, -es, st. n., speech, counsel, discourse, Ex. 255, D. 470.
ine>el-8tede, -es, st. m., place of meeting, counsel, Ex. 397, 542, 1). 145.
micel, adj., lai-ge, great. Comp. niara (ma) ; sup. maest, Ex. 34, 07, 395; comp. Ex. 210. As adv., much, very. With comp. and sup. = by far, by much.
mic(e)les, adv., 7nuch, Ex. 143; see micel. Also, miclum.
mid, prep, with dat. and ace, tcith, together with, among, in, Ex. 56, 06, 206, 303, 501, 1). 10. mid ham iehtum = in possession of, I). 07 ; mid aj'-sware = along with, Ex. 558. Also, instrumen- tal, loith, by means of, by, through, Ex.9, 86, 265, 275, 407, 415, 419, 457, 485. mid weorcum, D. 44 ; mid \>y- thereby, Ex. 21. As adv., at the same time.
mid(d), adj., mid, midway, in the middle of. aet middere niht, Ex. 37; middum nihtum, Ex. 168.
middaii-(g)eard, -es, st. m., mid- earth, earth, Ex. 2, 48, 286, D. 503. of er middan-geard = on earth, Ex. 540.
iniht, -e, st. f., might, power, strength, Ex. 9, D. 169, 284. militum swij'ed — strengthened in might, Ex. 589.
milite, see magan.
mihtig, adj., mighty, powerful, Ex. 152, 205, D. 235. se mihtiga = the mighty one, Ex. 484 ; comp. niilitigra, Ex. 503.
milit-mOd, -es, st. n., strong mind, violent temper, Ex. 149.
milde, adj., gentle, kind, mild, friendly. Sup. mildost, Ex. 549. As adv.
milds, see milts.
mil-pa(e)J>, -es, st. m., mile-path, path, distance by miles, Ex. 171.
milts, -e, St. f ., kindness, mild7iess, favor, mercy, sympathy, Ex. 292, D. 311, 335.
min, poss. adj. pro., mine, my, Ex. 262, D. 484. mine ge-frsege = as I have learned (by my hear- ing), Ex. 368.
minsian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to decrease, diminish, D. 268.
mire, -es, st. n., darkness, disaster, 1). 448.
Misa(h)el, m., Mishael, T>. 92.
mis-micel, adj., of many sizes, dif- ferent sizes, varying size, Ex. 373.
missere, -es, st. n., half-year, sea- sons, Ex. 49.
m6d, -es, st. n., spirit, soid, heart, mind, courage, violence. Ex 154, 527, D. 98; courage, Ex. 98, 220, 245. mod (courage) and milite, D. 14 ; violence, Ex. 488.
mOd-ge->anc, -es, St. m. and n., mood-thought, thought, mind, D. 137, M.321.
mddgian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to rage, be excited, brave,
GLOSSARY.
121
bold, Ex. 331, 458. Also raod- gade.
ni6d-haep, adj., see mOd-heap.
mOd-heap, -es, St. m., adj., brave, courageous, rich in valor, Ex. 242. (mod-hai'p.)
in6d-hwa(e)t, adj., bold, valiant, energetic, Ex. 124, D. 857.
inddig, adj., bold, brave, spirited, furious, Ex. 17, 131, D. 105. As noun, modiges me)5el= the speech of the brave one, Ex. 255. So Ex. 101, 300, modige, (Egyp- tians) Ex. 464, (Israel) Ex. 479 ; modig cyn (Israel), D. 7; furi- ous, Ex. 468.
mCdor, -ur, st. f., mother, Ex. 371. (moder.)
mSd-sefa, -an, \vk. m., mind- thought, mind, D. 492.
mdd-w&g, -es, st. m., mighty, vio- lent leave, Ex. 499.
molde, -an, \vk. f., earth, soil, D. 567.
mOna, -an, \vk. m., moon, D. 370.
nionig, see manig.
m3r, -es, st. m., a moor, heath, I). 575.
morgen, -es, st. m., morn, morn- ing, forenoon, Ex. 98, 346.
mor-heald, adj., marsJiy, sur- rounded by moors, Ex. 61.
morJ>or, -es, st. m., punishment by death, torment, pain, sin, mtirder, Ex. 146, D. 452.
mSste, see niotan.
mdtan, pret. pres., nioste, to be able to, to be permitted to, must. gamele ne moston, Ex. 240; leng ne moton = may not be able longer, Ex. 264; secgan moste = might tell, D. 85.
Moyses, -es, st. in., Moses, Ex. 61, 101, D. 4.
murnan, mearn, mornen, st. v.,
S. 3, M. 1, to mourn, grieve, la- ment, Ex. 535.
mujj-h&l, -es, st. n., mouth-greet- ing, announcement of safety, word of cheer, modiges miil'- hsel = the cheering announce- ment of the brave one {Moses), Ex. 552.
mycel, see mieel.
myceles, adv., much.
mynd(g)ian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to remind, recall, be mindful of, D. 144.
myrc, see mirc.
mjTce, see mearc.
N.
na, adv. (ne, a), not, Y). 697. Naboc(h)odonossor, m., Xebu-
chadnezzar, T>. 48, 72. nacod, see nacud. nacod nyd-
boda, Ex. 474, D. 633. nacud, adj., naked (fig.). n&gan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6,
to approach, assail, attack, wor-
dum n&gde = addressed, Ex. 23. nS^nig (ne and *nig), pro., none,
D. 437. n5iron = nc wseron, T). 136, 205. nfes= ne wffis, D. 117, 128, 264. nagan, pret. pres. (ne, agan),
nahte, not to own, not to have,
lack, Ex. 210. nahte, see nagan, D. 454. na(l)les (ne, eal(l)es), adv., not
at all, by no means, Ex. 307, D.
85, 416. nama, -an, wk. m., name, Ex. 27.
(Abrahame) naman, Ex. 381, D.
285. ne, adv. neg. particle, not, Ex. 28,
114, 140, D. 16, 58. ne...ne =
122
GLOSSARY.
neither . . . 7ior, Ex.82, 83,235. 238. ne . . . wiste ne W3i<:\c= neither of food nor clothing, D. 103.
nfTadan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to force, compel, D. 233. (ny- dan.)
ne(k)h, adj. and adv. (prep.), comp. nt^ar(ra) (nyra), sup. ncahst(n51ist) (nehst), near, nigh, Ex. 2r>0, 381. As adv., enough, sufficiently. iK%h ne mihton = 7night not sufficiently, Ex. 114.
neaht, see nitat.
near, see neah.
nearwe, adv., narrowly, closely, Ex. 68.
neat, -es, st. n., cattle, beast of burden, T). 390.
nellan, see nillan. ^ nei^nan, de, ed, wk.v., S. 1, M. 0, to name, call, Ex. 518.
nem>e, see nyni]>e.
ne^od, -e, st. f., effort, zeal, desire, D. 424.
neosan, ode, od, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to seek, seek out, visit, ap- proach, neosan come = shoiild come to visit, Ex. 474.
n^oslan, see neosan.
neow(o)l, adj., deep, profound, Ex. 114.
nep, -es, st. n., 7ieap-tide(?). (for)>- ganges) nep= haste o/(Grem), Ex. 469.
nere, -es, st. m., refuge, safety, preservation.
nergend, -es, st. m., saviour, pre- server, God, D. 313. 375.
nerlend, see nergend.
neri(g)an, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to save, defend, preserve, heal, redeem, T). 241, 285. feorli nerigende, 355.
net(t), -es, St. n., net, Ex. 74.
nied, see nyd.
nigo>a, num. adj., ninth, Ex. 378.
niht, -e, (-es), st. f. (m.), night, Ex. 37. ynib twa nilit = after two nights, Ex. 63, 97, 168.
niht-lang, adj., night-long, last- ing during the night, Ex. 208.
niht-scu(w)a, -an, wk. m., night- shadow, Ex. 114.
niht-weard, -es, st. m., night- guard, watchman, Ex. 116.
nillan, (ne willan), nolde, pret. pres., to be tinwiUing, D. 189, 197.
nlman, nam, numen, st. v., S. 4, M. 1, to take, assume, accept, oc- cupy, seize.
nis = ne and is, is not, D. 429, 566.
nij», -es, St. m., creature, person, human being. Used in plu., D. 285. ni)>a nergend, D. 313.
ni>, -es, St. m., effort, violence, strife, hate, envy, D. 465, 619, 697.
nlj»er, adv., below, (nether.)
ni}>-ge-J>afa, -an, wk. m., a victim, D. G33.
nij»-hete, -es, st. m., fierce hate, hate, D. 48, 279.
ni>-wracu, -e, st. f., punishment, fortune, death penalty, D. 664.
niwe, adj., new, novel, Ex. 116, 381. niwe flodas = strange floods, Ex. 862, B. 784. Also adv., netcly.
n8, adv., never, not, by no means, Ex. 399, D. 20.
Noe, -es, st. m., Noah, Ex. 862.
nor)>an, adv., from the north, D. 52, M. 255 (b).
nor]>-weg, -es, st. m., north-way, northward. on nor^-wegas — along the north-ways, Ex. 06.
GLOSSARY.
123
nu, adv., now, Ex. 278, 557, D. 141 ; conj., since, as, seeing that, Ex. 295, 420, 530.
n^d, -e, St. f ., need, necessity, force. As adv., necessarily, Ex. 116. on nyd = hy necessity, D. 72 ; mid nyde, D. 493.
nyd-boda, -an, wk. m., messenger of ill, bringer of evil, evil har- binger, Ex. 474.
n^dan, see neadan.
ny^d-fara, -an, wk. m., need-trav- eller, fugitive, Ex. 208.
nyd-genga, -an, wk. ra., an exile, wanderer in need, D. 633.
nyllan (ne ■willan), nolde, pret. pres., see nillan.
nynij>e, conj., (/ not, except, unless, Ex. 124. nymj>e hwylc = unless (there be) some one, Ex. 438.
nyjjor, see ni>er, D. 493.
6, adv., ever, at any time, Ex. 119.
of, prep. w. dat., from, out of, off from, (a) place whence : Ex. "l70, 269, D. 154, 236, 336. (ft) condition out of which: of f^onda faet-me, Ex. 294, 570. (c) material : of golde, D. 175. As adv., off, away.
ofen, -es, St. m., oven, D. 225, 243.
ofer, prep. w. dat. and ace. over, above, (a) local : ofer wolc- num = above the clouds, Ex. 80 ; so Ex. 110, 112, 117, 163, etc. (6) after verbs of motion : ofer middan-geard, Ex. 2: so Ex. 48, 239, D. 105, 179, 409; ofer eorl>an = throughout the earth, Ex. 403. (c) ofer ealle lufen =: beyond (contrary to) all love, D. 73. (d) ofer here-ciste = to.
concerning, Ex. 257, D. 759. (e) ofer cyne-ricu =: ruZe over, do- minion, Ex. 318. ofer-br^ddan, de, ed, wk. v., S.
1, M. 6, to cover, spread over, Ex. 73.
ofer-climban, clam(b), clum-
(b)en, St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to climb
over, pass beyond. ofer-cOm, see ofer-cuman. ofer-cuman, edm, cumen, st. v.,
S. 4, M. 1, to overcome, attack,
conquer, Ex. 21. ofer-faeJ>mian, ede, ed, wk. v., S.
2, M. 6, to encompass, over- shadoic, D. 502.
ofer-faran, f6r, faren, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to go over or across, to wander through or over, Ex. 56, D. 463.
ofer-f5r, see ofer-faran.
ofer-gangan, geng, gangen, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to overcome, con- quer, ge . . . forJ> ofer-ganga)> = ye shall henceforth overcome, Ex. 561.
ofer-gengan, gengde, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to pass over or through.
ofer-hogian, ode(ede), od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to contemn, despise, renounce, D. 300.
ofer-holt, -es, st. n., over-wood, shield, cover, Ex. 157.
ofer-hycgan, see ofer-hogian.
ofer-hydig, see ofer-hygd.
ofer-hy(g)d, -es, st. n., over- mindedness, pride, D. 107, 298, 495, etc.
ofer-liJ>an, la>, liden, st. v., S. 6, M. 2, to sail over, go or pass over, flodas . . . ofer-laJ>, Ex. 362.
ofer-medla, -an, wk. ra., pride, haughtiness, D. 657,
124
GLOSSARY.
ofer-te.dan, toalcl, toldon, st. v.,
S. 3, M. 1, lu cover, protect, screen, envelop, segle ofer-tolden, Ex. 81.
ofer-tolden, see ofer-teldan.
Of (e)st, -e, St. f ., haste, speed, ofest is selost= iiaste is best (wisest), Ex. 293; on 6fste = wj haste, Ex. 223.
Of (e) stum, adv., quickhj, rapidly, forthunth, Ex. 282, D. 257, M. 251 (1).
oft, adv., oft, often, T). 15.
oht, -e, St. f ., persecuti07i, fear, op- pression, anxiety, oht in-lendc {domestic fear), Ex. 136.
oht, see O-wiht.
Ght-nfed, -e, st. f., persecution, oppression, disquietude, Ex. 139.
on, see unnan.
on, prep., w. dat., inst., and ace, on, upon, in, at, to, into, toward, besides, among, (a) local : Ex. 8, 67, 123, 153; on cor\>re = at the head of, Ex. 191, 192, 209, 227, 302 ; on ore = at the front, Ex. 316, 305, 393, 440, 465, i). 47 ; on = in, on helle, Ex. 46, 200, 355, 366, 519, D. 84, 108, 110 ; on us = to tis, D. 327 ; on Moyses hand = into, 1). 4 ; with ace, Ex. 59, 68, 135, 161, 167, D. 39, 69. {b) temporal: in, at, dur- ing, on, for ; on I'tlm fyrste = at the time, Ex. 98, 189, 216, 521, D. 35, 277, 348. (c) state or condition : in, on, accoi-ding to ; on salum = tn joy, Ex. 106, 165, 176, 213, 223, D. 124, 344; on riht = according to right, Ex. 586 ; on nyd = of necessity, D. 72. (d) cau.sal: to, for; on forh- wegas =/or the journey, Ex. 32, 129, 186, 199 ; on = adv., Ex. 490.
on-beornan, see on-byrnan. on-brinnan, bran, bninnen, st.
v., 8. ;{, M. 1, to kindle, catch
fire, Ex. 398. on-bfigan, belih, bogcn, st. v., S.
7, M. 3, to turn in, upon, invade,
overwhelm, Ex. 498. on-byrnan, barn, bornen, st. v.,
5. 3, M. 1, to inflame, kindle. on-cvveJ>an, c\v{e}>, cweden, st.
v., S. 5, M. 1, to address, accost, answer, on-cwash, D. 211. on-cjTran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to make to turn, to turn, turn around, Ex. 451.
on-dr&dan, dred, dreden, st. v.,
5. 1, M. 5, to dread, fear, ne willal> . . . on-drtedan — /earnoi, Ex. 266, M. 440.
on-egan, de, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to
fear, D. 697. on-ettan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to hasten, eagerly to begin work.
on-findan, fand, funden, st. v.,
S. 3, M. 1, to find out, discover,
Ex.501. on-fOn, feng, fangen, st. v., S. 1.
M. 5, to receive, accept, take,
hear, perceive, D. 106, 562, 583. on-gangan, geng, gangen, st. v.,
S. 1, M. 5, to approach, Ex. 156,
participial use of infinitive. on-ge(a)n, prep, and adv., over
against, opposite, him on-gen,
Ex. 454; other forms, on-
ge,i!:(e)n, on-gan. on-geat, see on-gitan. on-gildan, geald, golden, st. v.,
S. 3, M. 1, to pay, expiate, atone
for, D. 598. on-ginnan, gan, gunnen, st. v.,
S. 3, M. 1, <o begin, commence,
Ex. 584, D. 40. 468.
GLOSSARY.
125
on-gitan, geat, giten, st. v., S. 5. '
M. 1, to apprehend, perceive,
know, Ex. 90, 452, D. 460. on-h^tan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to heat, inflame, kindle, D. 225,
243. on-hicgan, hogode, wk. v., S. 1,
M. 6, to consider, reflect, recall,
D. 473. on-hnigan, hnah, hnigen, st. v.,
S. 6, M. 2, to boio doion, worship,
D. 181. on-hreran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1,
M. 6, to move, agitate, disturb,
excite, Ex. 226, 482. on-hweorfan, hwearf, hworfen,
St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to turn, change,
D. 570, 627. on-hwjTfan, see on-hweorfan. on-l*dan, see an-l&dan. on-lang, adj., continuous, ex- tended, long, Ex. 53. on-lihan, lah, ligen (lihen),
St. v., S. 6, M. 2, to give, bestoic,
lend, Ex. 529, D. 681. on-lihtan, te, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6,
to lighten, illumine, flash
forth. on-lucan, leac, locen, st. v., S. 7,
M. 3, to unlock, unfasten, lay
open, Ex. 522. on-lyhan, see on-lihan. on-m^l(d)an, de, ed, wk. v., S.
1, M. 6, to address, accost, an- nounce, D. 210. on-orettan, te, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6,
to contend for, conquer, eagerhj
pursue, Ex. 313. on-riht, adj., laicful, proper, true, {partaking of), on-rilit godes,
Ex. 358. on-sacan, s6c, sacen, st. v., S. 2,
M. 4, to deny, oppose, refuse,
contest, D. 226, 451.
on-s&lan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to unbind, loosen, Ex. 583. on-seah, see on-seon. on-segon = on-savvon, Ex. 178 ;
see on-se'on.
on-sendan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to send, send aicay, des- patch, D. 75.
on-se'bn, seah, sewen, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to look upon, at, gaze upon, observe, Ex. 178.
on-slupan, sleap, slopen, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to escape, slip off, Ex. 490(?).
on-stellan, stealde, steald, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to put in place, de- vise.
on-swellan, sweal, swollen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to swell, swell up, D. 247. = on stellan (B. and T.).
on-treowan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to trtist, confide in, D. 269. Other forms, on-truAvan, try- wan.
on->eon, >eah, >ogen, st. v., S.
7, M. 3, to undertake, engage in. hilde on-J>e'bn = engage in battle, Ex. 241.
on-J>rang, see on-J>ringan. on-J»ringan, J>rang, J>rungen, st.
v., S. 3, M. 1, to press on, for- ward, through, Ex. 343. on-wacan, w6c, wacen, st. v., S.
2, M. 4, to awake, arise, D. 524. on-w^adan, see an-Tvadan. on-wist, -e, st. f., abode, presence
at or in a place, Ex. 18. open, adj., open, open . . . scrsef
(hell), Ex. 537. 6r, -es, St. \\.,van, van-guard, front
rank, Ex. 326. ord, -es, st. n., point, sword-point,
sword, beginning, van, head.
126
GLOSSARY.
ord-fruma, -an, wk. m., author,
creator, soverei(/n (God), T). 152. orettan, te, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to
contend, jight for, eagerhj strive,
Ex. 313. (^ou-orettan.) or-laeg, -es, st. n., ancient laro,
fate, D. 746. or-leg, -es, st. n., destruction, evil. or-loge, -es, st. n., stnfe, laicless-
ness, war. or-lege, adj., hostile, fierce; as
noun, D. 097. or-J»ancum, adv., skilfulli/, Ex.
359. or-tre'bwe, see or-trj'we. or-trywe, adj., mistnislful, dis-
tritstful, despondent, Ex. 154, M.
254 (1). or-wena, &(!i].,hopeless, despairing,
despondent, Ex. 211. 6tor, adv. and prep., over, beyond,
beside, apart from, D. 73. 0>, prep. w. ace, to, up to, far as,
Ex. 298, 443, D. 1 12 ; conj. 6)>->aet,
till, tintil, up to the time that, Ex.
59, 127, 204, 478, D. 17, 29, 63,
149, 248. 6)»er, adj. pro., other of two, sec- ond, another, Ex. 108, D. 91.
softer 6t)rum = one after an- other, Ex. 347; on 6j>rum=2H
turn, Ex. 576. 6>-faestan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to entrust, trust, establish. 0>-faran, fdr, faren, st. v., S. 2,
M. 4, to come off, escape, flee from, si^ban hie feondum 6i>-
f aren hasf don = had escaped, Ex.
64. 0>-l*dan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to lead ainay, rescue, save, Ex.
509. 0)>-standan, 8t6d, standen, st. v.,
S. 2, M. 4, to escape, withdraw. '
dj»->aet, see 6>.
6>-J»aIi, see d>->lcgan.
o>J»e, conj., or, Ex. 210, 539, D.
85. 6]>-J>icgan, J»(e)ah, Mgen, st. v.,
S. 5, M. 1, to withdraio, snatch
airay, deprive. Ex. 338. OJ»-J>ringan, J>rang, >rungen, st.
v., S. 3, M. 1, to force from, take
away from, D. 51. 6-wiht, -es, st. n., aught, a whit,
something, D. 274. See a-Tviht.
pa(e)J», -es, st. m.,path. helpend-
ra paK Ex. 487. Pers(e)as, -a, plu., Persians.
R.
rad, see ridan.
r(a:)e<l> "^s, st. m., counsel, ad- vice, admonition, advantage, Ex. 6. ic on beterau rsed, Ex. 269, D. 457 ; raedage-inyndig = nnnfZ- ful of counsels, Ex. 515, 548; raed for^ gSi\> = good counsel will follow, Ex. 525, D. 30, 182.
r&dan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to give counsel, rule, own, pos- sess, guide, read, interpret.
r&dan, red (re'ord), r&den, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to counsel, care for, govern, possess, forebode, D. 8. rsedan (rule), D. 686.
r&d-faest, adj., resolute in coun- sel, determined, D. 652.
rfed-lelis, adj., ill-advised, bad. rehe and raid-le'as, D. 177.
r*ran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to rear, erect, lift up, set in mo- tion, gar-wudu raerdon, Ex. 325; rserde = raerden, D. 191.
r&s, -es, St. ni., attack, onslaught, (rush), Ex. 329.
GLOSSARY.
127
rsest, -e, st. f., rest, sleep, couch,
Ex. 134. reeswa, -an, wk. m., prince, ruler,
adviser, plu., Ex. 234, D. 417,
487. rand, -es, St. m., edge, rim, shield,
buckler, Ex. 332, 586. rand-burh, -(g)e, st. f., a de- fence, protecting shield ov wall;
plu., rand-byrig w«ron (tcalls
of rcaters), Ex. 463. rand-ge-beorh(g), -es, st. m.,
shield, defence, protecting shield.
in raud-ge-beorh = i?iio or for a
shield (loaves), Ex. 296. rand-wiga, -an, wk. m., shield-
ijcarrior, xcarrior, Ex. 126, 134. rand-wig(g)end, -es, st. m. and
part., shielded xcarrior, icarrior,
Ex. 435. read, adj., red. readan sae, Ex.
134, 296; readan golde, D. 59. reaf, -es, st. n., robe, garment,
corselet, Ex. 212 ; plu. reaf and
randas, Ex. 586. recan, rShte, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6,
to care about or for, seek after,
desire, D. 201, 596. rec(c)an,re(a)hte,ge-reaht,wk.
v., S. 1, M. 6, to recount, relate,
speak, Ex. 359, D. 159, 336.
Also, to rule, guide. reecend, part, adj., ruling, D. 580.
Also sub., -es, ruler. reced, -es, st. u. and m., building
(house, temple), D. 59. reg(e)n, -es, st. m., rain, storm.
(ren.) regn-Jfe'of, -es, st. m., arch-thief,
chief of robbers. regn-J>eofas
rice dselat> = the arch-thieves di- vide the kingdom,, Ex. 538. Used
as an intensive prefix. rene, see ryne.
re'cd, see read.
re'odan, read, roden, st. v., S.
7, M. 3, to redden, stain with
blood, slay, kill, Ex. 412. re'cfan, reaf, rofen, st. v., S. 5,
M. 3, to break, break through,
Ex. 463. reord, -e, st. f. (-es,n.), speech,
talk, language, voice. J>urh reor-
de, D. 336, 511. reord-berend, -es, st. m. and
part., endowed icith speech, man,
human being, D. 123. reordi(ge)an, ode, od, wk. v., S.
2, M. 6, to speak, talk, harangue,
discourse, Ex. 256, 548. rest, -e, st. f ., see raest, D. 109, 123. restan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6,
rest, repose. re]>e, adj., rude, icild, severe, sav- age, wroth, D. 177. Also adv.,
roiighly, severely. rej)e-m6d, adj., cruel, savage, of
fierce spirit, D. 33. rice, adj., mighty, powerful, rich,
Ex. 538, D. 457, 580. rice, -es, st. n., realm, kingdom,
land, power, rule, Ex. 256, 556,
D. 8, 33, 114, 442, 584. ridan, rad, riden, st. v., S. 6, M.
2, to ride, move, Ex. 173. rlht, adj., right, straight, correct,
just, rihtre strsete, Ex. 126, D.
291, 366. rlht, -es, St. n., right, justice, just
claim or due, Ex. 352, 586. Also,
portion, possession, duty, on
ha3t (fade riht (duty), Ex. 186,
338. rihtes (ne gymde), cared
not for justice, D. 177. rim, -es, st. m., count, number,
Ex. 372, 435, (rime). rinc-ge-tael , -es, st. n., number of
men, host, Ex. 234.
128
GLOSSARY.
rodor, -es, st. in., (rodor). sJ,-)/. heaven, rirmamenl, Ex. 403, 1). 230, 291.
rodor-beorht. m\]., heaven-bright, bright. I). 309.
rOf, adj., able, strong, valiant. modes; rofan = valiant in spirit, Ex. 98, M. 321. rGfa=rofra, Ex. 226.
Ruben, -es, m., Beuben, Ex. 332.
rum, adj., roomy, spacious, tcide. rumc rice, D. 611.
ruine, adv., far, richly. Coinp. rumor, further yet.
run, -e, st. f., secret, mystery. rfiu bi}> ge-recnod = the secret icill be explained, Ex. 52;"), D. :A2. 741.
run-crseftlg, m\}., acquainted icith runes, tcise in interpreting mys- teries.
r5'man, de, ed, Avk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to make room, clear away, re- move, modge rymde — removed the proud, Ex. 479.
ryne, -es, st. m., course, path. ryue healdaj', D. 3G9.
S.
sacan, s6c, sacen, st. v., S. 2, M.
4, to fight, contend, attack, curse.
s&, -es and -e, m. and f., sea, ocean, Ex. 134, 472. be sjem twc^onum, Ex. 442.
sie-beorg, -es, st. m., sea-moun- tain, (shore), icall or mountains of waves. s»-beorga sand = sands of the sea-shore, Ex. 441.
s^-cl(y)r, -es, st. m., ebb of the sea, ebb. sand sae-cir spaw, Ex. 291.
8*d, -es, St. n., seed, sseda ge- hwilc, Ex. 374.
s&-faesten, -es, st. n., sea-fastness, ocean, Ex. 127.
s*-faroJ>, -es, st. m., beating of the leave, vmve, D. 323.
saegl, -es, st. n., sun, (eye).
s&-grund, -es, st. m. , sea-ground, sea de2)ths, ocean drpths, Ex. 289.
s«l, -es and -e, st. m. and f., for- tune, bliss, happiness, joy. on- salum = in joy, Ex. 106, 564.
s*-laf, -e, St. f., sea-remnant, that left from the sea. one escaped from the sea. sse-laf e (Israel) , Ex. .584.
saeld, adj., .^alt, salty, Ex. 289.
s5;-leoda, -an, wk. m., sailor, sea- farer, snottor sae-lebda (Noah) , Ex. 374.
ste-lida, -an, see s^-leoda.
ScC-man,-es, st. m., seaman, sail- or, Ex. 105, 478.
s^-stream, -es, st. m., sea-stream, current, sea, ocean, Ex. 250.
sfEt, see sittan.
s*-w&g, -es, St. m., sea-wave, wave.
SBe-waroJ», -es, st. m., seashore, beach, bank.
sae-Aveall, -es, st. m., sea-wall, walls of divided irater, Ex. 302.
s&-wicing, -es, st. m., viking, pirate, sea-dweller, Ex. 333.
Salem, f., Salem, D. 40.
Salomon, -es, m., Solomon, D. 60, 712.
samnian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to collect, assemble, meet, I). 228.
sainod, see somod.
sane, see sang.
sang, sec singan.
sang, -es, st. m., song, Ex. 309, 576. Also song.
GLOSSARY.
129
sand, -es, st. rx.,sand, beach, sandy shore, graine of sand, Ex. 220, 441, D. 323. sand basnodou = the sands awaited, Ex. 470.
sar, adj., sore, painful. Also noun (st. n.), pain,
sawan, sebw, sawen, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to soio, strew.
sawl, -e, St. f. (sawul), soul, spirit, Ex. 543. Also life, prin- ciple of life, sawlum lunnon, Ex. 496, D. 395.
scacan, sc(e)6c, scacen, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to shake, move violent- ly, escape, Ex. 176.
sceacan, see scacan.
sceado, -we, st. f. (also -wes, m.), shadow; plu., Ex. 113. Also, sceadu.
sceaft, -es, st. m., shaft, spear, bolt, Ex. 344, D. 132.
scealc, -es, st. m., slave, servant, man, warrior, lad, D. 231, 253.
scean, see scinan.
sceat, -es, st. m.,part of the earth, region, portion of space, Ex. 428, D. 502.
8ceat(t), -es, st. m., coin, money.
sc(e)a>an, sc(e)6d, sc(e)aj>en, St. v., S. 2, M. 4, to injure, (scathe), D. 464.
sceoc, see scacan.
sceolde, see sculan.
sce'cn, Qde, (scyde), wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to fall to, fall to one's lot, occur to. him . . . sceo(le=fell to them by lot, Ex. 586. (bset fyr) scyde = turned suddenly upon, D. 266.
sceotend, -es, st. m. and part., shooter, archer, Ex. 112.
sceppend, see scippend.
scild, -e, St. f. (sceld), debt, crime, sin, D. 266.
scildan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to shield, protect, 1). 505. (scyldan.)
scildig (scyldig), adj., guilty, I).
450, 549. (scyldig.) scild-hre'clfa, -an, wk. m., shield,
Ex. 113. scima, -an, wk. m., brightne.'<s,
light, splendor, shining, sun- nan scima, D. 264. scinan, sc(e)an, scinen, st. v.,
S. 6, M. 2, to shine, flash, grow
bright, gleam, glitter, Ex. 125.
scinon -flashed,E:s.. 113, D. 276. sclp, -es, St. n., ship, boat, vessel.
bearm scipes (of the ark) , Ex.
375. sci(y)ppend, -es, st. m., shaper,
creator, D. 292. scir, adj., bright, clear, pure,
(sheer), Ex. 112, 125. scraef, -es, st. n., pit, cave, den.
ece scragf (hell), Ex. 537. scrajj, see scrij>an. scrij»an, scra]>, scri]?(d)en, St.
v., S. 6, M. 2, to stride, loander,
move, go. wide scrah, widely
roamed, Ex. 39. scufan, sceaf, scofen, st. v., S.
7, M. 3, to shove, push {forward), move, go, D. 231.
sculan, pret. pres., sc(e)olde. (a) shall, must, ought, (obliga- tion), T>. 20, 62, 96, 153. (b) will, shall, (futurity). sceal weor)>an, Ex. 422, 423, D. 114, 325.
scur, -es, st. m., shower, storm, D. 350, 372.
scyld, -es, st. m., shield, protec- tion, defence.
scyld, see scild, D. 266.
scyne, adj., shining, bright, beau- tiful, D. 338.
130
GLOSSARY.
scyHan, cdc. ed. \vk. v., S. 2, M. 1 6, to divide of, designate, ar- range, offer, present, scyrede, D. 87. se, se'b, )»8et, pro. and art. (a) article: the; Ex. 380 = ^6; seb, Ex. 470; Het, D. 10; ^ses, Ex. 507 (Ex. 49 = \>xi) ; |>£'re, D. 28 ; hara(n), Ex. 575 ; l^one, Ex. 364; \>y, Ex. 495; plu., la, D. 58; hara, 77; \>am, Ex. 365. (/>) demonstrative: the; sel'e = he ?r/io, Ex. 475, D. 233; bast (with all the genders), Ex. 380 ; \>ist* snottor = vdse to that de- gree, Ex. 438; to )f>ies = thither, D. 41; swa hait, Ex. 377; l>pii = for the reason that, D. 85 ; n. plu., ]m\>e, D. 35; ];>am];>e, Ex. 365. (c) relative: icho, lohich; se . . . geaf, D. 13; so D. 110, 150; plu., ^a, D. 27. Also, /(e icho, Ex. 554; that ichich, Ex. 557; se him=/te to xohom, Ex. 380; )>siis = which, D. 144; >a;s >e= (o/) (ftai wftzc/i, D. 162.
sealt, adj., salt, salty, Ex. 441, 472, D. 323.
searo(u), -es, St. n., armor, v:eap- ons, skill, care, art, deceit, hos- tile cunning, Ex. 470, D. 40.
secan, sOhte, ge-s6ht, wk. v., S. 1, M. 0, to seek, seek out, aim to find, D. 49, 79, 441.
secgan, saegde (s^de), saegd (s&d), Avk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to say, speak, relate, tell of, Ex. 377, D. 84. saedon = saeden, D. 148.
sefa, -an, wk. m., mind, spirit, soul, thought, Ex. 438, D. 49, 84, 110.
segel, -es, st. m. and n., sail, Ex. 81, 89.
segel = S£egl (sun).
segen, -es, st. m. and n., standard,
sign, signal, token, to segncr= for a standard, Ex. 319. segnas
stodon=</ie signals arose, Ex.
565. segl-rod, -e, st. f., sail-rod, pole,
spar, Ex. 83. segue, -an, wk. f., net, seine,
drag-net, Ex. 584. sel, adj., selra(la), est (ost),
good, excellent; sup. (&esO,Ex.
293, 401, 445. (History from
Noah to Isaac here given.) sel, 8^1, adv. comp., better, D.
489. sup. selost. seld, -es, st. n. (seald) , hall, room,
house, palace, seat, throne, dwell- ing, (tent), D. 151. sele, -es, st. m., hall, D. 727. sele-dream, -es, st. m., hall- joy (s), joy, revelry, Ex. 30. self, see sylf. sellan, see syllan. sellende, -es, st. m. (part.), giver,
spender. seUic, see syllic. sendan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to send, let go, D. 25 ; pres.
usedasfut.,D. 569. Sennar, -e, f., Shinar, D. 002,
727. Sennare, -a, plu. , people of Shinar
(land of). seofon, num. adj., seven, 1).
502. seolfer, -es, st. n., silver, D. GO. seomian, ode (ede), od, wk. v.,
S. 2, M. 6, to linger, tarry, abide,
Ex. 209. sdbn, seah, ge-sewen, st. v., S.
5, M. 1, to see, behold, inspect,
visit, find, D. 731. Seen, f., Zion,
GLOSSARY.
131
setl-rad, -e, st. f., setlUng, sink- inrj, setting, sunnan setl-rade = sunset, Ex. 109.
settend, -es, St. m., founder, crea- tor, D. 330.
sew(i)au, te (de), wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to teach, shotv, instruct, D. 446.
sib-ge-driht, -e, st. f., a kindred hand, troojT, host, Ex. 214.
sib-ge-magas, -a, st. m., plu., kinsmen, blood relations, (Abra- ham and Isaac), Ex. 386.
sid, adj., vast, broad, sjmcious, icide, Ex. 260, D. 536. Aviddra and stddra = <oo ivide and broad (vast), Ex. 427. Sup. sidestan = sidestan, D. 701.
sige, -es, st. m., success, victory.
sige-byme, -an, wk. f., trumpet of victory, trumpet. sungon sige-bymau = the trumpets of victory sounded out, Ex. 565.
sige-oyniug, -es, st. m., victorious king, victor, Ex. 172 (king of Egypt).
Sigel-waras, -a, st. plu., Ethio- pians, (sun-men), Ex. 69.
sige-rice, adj., victorious, power- ful in victory, triumphant, Ex. 27 (of Israel), Ex. 562.
sige-tiber, -es, st. n., sacrifice of victory, glorious sacrifice (of Isaac), Ex. 402.
sigor, -es, st. jn.,trium2^h, victory, Ex. 16, 272, D. 289.
8igor-w(e)orc, -es, st. n., icork or deed of victory, Ex. 316. (sigor-worca.)
Simeon, -es, m., Simon, Ex. 341.
sin, pos. adj. pro., his, Ex. 411, D. 75, 79, 100.
sine, -es, st. n., treasure, riches, property, jewels, precious things.
siucG bc-rof ene = deprived of
treasure, Ex. 36, D. 60. sin-cald (ceald), adj., intensely
cold, hitter cold, sin-calda s£,
Ex. 472. sindon, see wesan. singan, sang, sungen, st. v., S.
3, M. 1, to sing, resound, make a musical sound, Ex. 132, D. 192.
Sion, f., Zion. (Seen) Seone
haorg = hill of Zion, Ex. 386. sittan, sset, seten, st. v., S. 5, M.
1, to sit, Ex. 212, D. 94.
sij», adj. and adv., late; comp.
si)>or, Ex. 336. set sihestan =
at last, D. 31. si}>, -es, St. m., way, path, journey,
expedition, going, Ex. 53,97, D.
68. fonna si\>=^the first time,
Ex. 22. Also, fate, destiny, lot,
Ex. 207. st]? heora (of the
Egyptians), Ex. 509. siJ»-boda, -an, wk. m., herald,
messenger, Ex. 250 (pillar of
fire). sijj-faet, -es, st. m., way, course,
journey, Ex. 81, 521, D. 649. sij>ian, ode (ede), od, wk. v., S.
2, M. 6, to set out, march, jour- ney, Ex. 272, D. 67, 632.
siJ»J>an, adv., since, after that, aftervmrd, from now on, further, Ex. 86, 384, D. 109, 165; conj., since, after, Ex. 64, 144, 155, 498, D. 4.
slifep, -es, St. m., sleep, D. 113.
slean, slGh(g), slegen (ge-sla- gen), (slsegen), st. v., S. 2, M.
4, to strike, strike down, .^lay, Ex. 280, 484. wolde sle'an (Isaac), Ex. 411, 418, T>. 344.
sl6h, see sle'an.
13:
GLOSSARY.
sliipan. sloap, slopon. St. v., S. ' 7. M. 3, to glide, move stealthili/. on sleay) = glided on, Ex. 490. |
sn&w, -es, St. m., snow, D. 378.
snell, adj., quick, lively, vigorous.
snelle, adv., quickly, Ex. 220. Also, snelUce.
sno(t)tor, adj., wise, prudent, sa- gacious, (of Noah) Ex. 374, (of Solomon) Ex. 389, 438, D. 151.
8nyt(t)ro, f. indec, wisdom, sa- gacity, D. 28, 84, 486.
soinni(ge)an, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to collect, assemble, Ex. 217. • I
somod (somud), adv., together,' Ex. 214, D. 375, 377.
sona, adr., soon, forthmth, at\ once, D. 161.
sorh(g), -es, st. n. and {...forroic, care, anxiety, pain, 1). 118, 264.
so)>! adj., true, just, genuine, reli- able, Ex. 30, 478, D. 144, 288, 451. As adv., in truth, indeed, truly. sd]>-geTe=full tcell,Ex. 291.
8d>, -es, St. n., truth, justice, right- eousness, D. 28, 113, 416.
80>-cwlde, -es, st. n., a true say- ing, truth, D. 446.
sOJ>e, adv., truly, D. 483.
s6J>-faest, adj., JMSf,,^rm in truth, true, pious, Ex. 9, (of God) Ex. 433, D. 333, 384.
s6)»-gere, adv., very icell.
86J>-%vundor, -es, st. n., a true lootider, great ironder, Ex. 24.
spannan, spen, spannen, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, <o stretch, fasten, at- tach, make fast.
sp^w, see spiwan.
sped, -e, St. f.. success, good for- tune, (speed), progress, haste,
Ex. 153, D. 335. se^e sped ahte = he tcho had {owned) success, Ex. 513.
spel, -es, St. n., news, word, mes- sage, account, (spell) ; plu.,Ex. 203, D. 479.
spel-boda, -an, w'k.m., announcer of a message, messenger , prophet, (angel), 1). 230.
spe(l)lian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to speak, talk, announce, D. 658.
spild-si>, -es, st. m., destructive, dangerous journey, Ex. 153.
spillan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to destroy, kill, Ex. 513.
spiwan, spaAV, spiwen, st. v., S. 6, M. 2, to spetc, reject, spit out, Ex. 291. holm heolfre spaw = the sea spat gore, Ex. 449.
spor, -es, St. n., trace, footstep, Ex. 239.
spo-wan. speow, spowen, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to succeed, thrive, D. 479.
spraec, see sprecan.
spr&c, -e, st. i., speech, discourse, words, haligc spraice, Ex. 517.
sprecan, spraec, sprecen, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to speak, say, Ex. 258, 277, D. 424.
staefn, see stefn.
stae>, -es, st. n., shore, beach, Ex. 580.
stah, see stigan.
Stan, -es, st. m., stone, Ex. 440.
standan, stOd, standen, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to stand, stand Jinn, remain, be, Ex. 571, U. 40. hara l^e . . . to fTi\>G stodon = these (cities)which remainedfor safety, D. 64. Also to rise up suddenly, to threaten, Ex. 201, 459, 490; stodon (started up), Ex. 565.
GLOSSARY.
133
stan-hli}», -es, st. n., cliff, preci- pice of stone, D. 61.
starian, ode, od, wk. \., S. 2, M. 6, to stare, gaze, D. 718.
sta]>ol, -es, St. m. (sta\>ul), foun- dation, ground, j)lace, base, bot- tom, Ex. 285, D. 561. ece sta- Kilas = the everlasting depths, Ex. 473.
ste'ap, adj., steep, deep, lofty.
stef(e)n, -e, st. f., voice, Ex. 99, 257, 276, 416, 550, 574, D. 179, 510, 561.
stefn, -es, st. m., stem, trunk, prow of ship. fEegum stefnum (bodies of the dead), Ex. 462.
steorra, -an, Avk. m., star, Ex. 440.
stepan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to raise, erect, exalt, D. 446. = stepten (B. and T.).
stigan, stah, stigen, st. v., S. 6, M. 2, to ascend, mount, climb, move, step, go, Ex. 319. heali- lond stigon = they ascended the highlands, D. 510.
gtille, adj. and adv., still, quiet, quietly, silently, Ex. 300. stille ha.6.— ciuietly aicaited, Ex. 550, D. 561, 582.
stdd, see standan.
storm, -es, st. m., storm, tempest, uproar, tumult, storm up ge- wat = tumult arose, Ex. 459.
str*t, -e, St. f . , street, road, course, Ex. 126.
stream, -es, st. n., stream, cur- rent, river, sea, Ex. 296, 471. strelunas stodon — the ocean threatened, Ex. 459.
strudan, strelid, stroden, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to plunder, destroy, carry off.
styran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to rule, manage, hinder, re- strain, him styran . . . stefn = a voice to restrain him, Ex. 416.
stjTian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to stir, move, excite, urge, at- tack, to be moved.
sum, adj. pro., one, a certain one, any, one of many, chief one, Ex. 279,357, D. 418. godes beacua sum = one of.
sumor, -es, st. ra. (sumer), sum- mer, D. 276.
sund, -es, st. m. and n., sound, sea, strait, ocean, Ex. 319.
sundor, adv. (sundiir), apart, separately, especially, sundor aura ge-hwilc = eacA one sepa- rately, D. 370.
sundor-gifu, -e, st. f., special gift, gift, distinction, D. 606.
sunne, -an, wk. f. (v. -e, st. f.), the sun, Ex. 81, 109, D. 264.
sunu, -a, St. m., son, Ex. 18, 332, 363, etc., D. 402.
susl, -es, St. n., torment, p^inish- meiu, D. 521, 621, 654.
suj>a, -an, wk. m., the south, be su^an = on the south.
suj>an, adv., /rom the south, su- han and nor|>an, D. 52.
su>-weg, -es, st. m., south-way, icay southward, Ex. 155.
sujj-wind, -es, st. m., south-wind, Ex. 289.
swS, adv. and conj., so, thus, so that, in such icise, therefore, Ex. 194, 377, D. 130. swa = so that, Ex. 82, D. 20 ; swa mice- les = so much, Ex. 143 ; swa^ehh = nevertheless, or yet, Ex. 339. («) relative: tvho, as, so far as, in the manner that; swa drelih =:who endured, Ex. 49; swa = which, D. 3. (6) conj. : as, so
134
GLOSSARY.
as, Ex. 388 ; swilce swa = such
as, D. 62, Ex. 101, 314, 352. swaef, see swefan. sw^faii, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to stagger, hesitate, D. IIG. sw&s, adj., dear, srceet, beloved. swapan, swe'cp, swapen, st. v.,
S. 1, M. 5, to sweep, sweep away,
Ex. 480. swarian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2,
M. C, to say, talk. swefan, swaef, swefen, st. v., S.
.">, M. 1, to sleep, slumber, rest,
D. IIC), fall m death, cease from.
sele-dr^amas swj&fon = joys
ceased, Ex. 36; s\yMon=fell
asleep (in death), Ex. 49."). swefen, -es, st. n., sleep, dream,
T>. 110, 118. swefn(i)an, ede, ed, wk. v., S.
2, M. 6, to dream, I). 131, M.
290 (c). sw6g, -es, St. m., sound, noise,
crash, tumult, Ex. 309, D. 264. swellan, sweal, swollen, st. v.,
S. 3, M. 1, to swell, sioell up. sweltan, swealt, swolten, st. v.,
S. 3, M. 1. to die, perish, Ex.
464. s-weord, -es, st. n., su;ord, Ex.
419. sweord-wigend, -es, st. m. and
part., sworded warriors, sword-
wielders, soldiers, Ex. 260. sweot, -es, st. m., band, troop,
Ex. 127, 220. sweotum comon
= came in troops, Ex. 341, (of
Egyptians) Ex. 496. swerlan, swOr, sworen, st. v.,
S. 2, M. 4, to swear, Ex. 431. swerlan, see sw^aiian. swigian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2,
M. 6, to he silent, quiet, D.
547.
swilc (swylc), adj. pro., such, stich as, each, every, loho, which, that, D. 62, 66, 350. swilc, swilc = such as, so as.
swilce (swylce), adv., also, more- over, furthermore, such that, so, 1). 502, 507.
swipian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to beat, strike, Ex. 463.
swi>, adj . , strong, valiant, violent, D. 284. swihre hand, right hand, Ex. 280.
swijjan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, (swj'J>an), to make powerful, establish, strengthen, Ex. 549.
8wll>e, adv., strongly, eagerly, D. 483.
swi}>-m6d, adj., of violent dis- position, pj-07id, haughty, bold, 1). 100, ICi.
swij»rian, ode (ade), od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to vanish, disappear, diminish, weaken, Ex. 113, 242, D. 639. sweg switrode = sound ceased, Ex. 309; eyre (hope of return or advance), disappeared, Ex. 465.
swGr, see swerlan. Also sar.
swutol, adj., clear, bright, D. 489.
sylf (self), adj. pro., self, ic sylf a = I myself, Ex. 280 ; hie . . . sylfe, T). 31, M. 131, 366 (10).
syllan, sealde, seald, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to give, give over, pre- sent, spend, (sell), D. 154, 199.
syllic, adj., strange, singular ; as adv., Ex. 109.
symb(e)l, -es, st. n., feast, ban- quet, meal, festivity, D. 701.
symb(e)l, es, st. n., duration. symble, adv., always.
syn(n), -e, st. f., sin.
syn-full, adj., sinful, toicked; as noun (of Egyptians), Ex. 496.
GLOSSARY.
135
T.
t4c(e)n, -es, st. n., a sign, token,
D. 447, 489. t*caii, t5;hte, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6,
to shoio, point out, teach, instruct.
moclum tsecan = instruct the
minds, Ex. 527. tan, -es, St. rn., rod, twig, branch.
grene tane = icith a green twig,
Ex. 281. telga, -an, st. m., a hough, Jiranch.
D. 504, 515. tempel, -es, st. n., temple, Ex.
391, D. 60, 711. teohlan, see te^on. te'bn, ode, od, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6,
to set, fix, establish, make, work,
D. Ill, 208, 21G, 309. teonful, B,6.]., malicious, injurious,
unworthy, D. 255. teon-hete, -es, st. m., dire hate,
malicious hate, Ex. 224. teosu, -e, St. f., harm, injury, de-
strtiction. teso, -e, St. f., see teosu, D. 255. tiber, -es, st. n., offering, sacri- fice, halig tiber (Isaac), Ex.
415. tid, -e, St. f., time, tide, season,
D. 848, 562. tir, -es, St. m., glory, splendor,
honor, bnlliancy, D. 312. As
a prefix, indicates excellence;
see below. tir-eadig, a.(\y, glorious ; as noun,
Ex. 184, 232. tir-faest, adj., famous, glorious,
established in glory, Ex. 63. to, prep. w. dat., to. (a) local:
to, at, by, near, up, toivards, Ex.
277, 397, 456, 460, 552, D. 38,
44, 54, 70, 93, 109; 181, 204,
(before). (?j) temporal : to, at,
for, till, during, against, Ex.
198, 263; to ealdre = /or all time, Ex. 424 ; to widau feore = for life eternal, Ex. 547. (c) purpose : to, for, as, into, to fr6fre = as a help, Ex. 88. So Ex. 319, 325, 402, 405, 508, D. 87, 150, 197, 208, 21G; result, D. 74; with inf. to feran, D. 76, 129. (d) with particles (gen.) : to liwass ^lohither; to J>8es = thither, D. 41 ; to \>e&s = to that degree, so; to middes dneges = at midday ; ne to wuhte =by no means; w. ace, to-daeg.
tO-draefan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to drive apart, separate, destroy.
to-drifan, draf, drifen, st. v.,
5. G, M. 2, to disperse, separate, destroy, D. 353.
tO-dwaescan, te, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to ptut out, extinguish, D. 353. tO-hw(e)orfan, (hwurfan),
hwearf, hvvorfen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to separate, scatter, D. 302.
torht, adj., clear, bright, D. 511.
tO-somne, (samne), adv., to- gether, Ex. 207, D. 4G9, 527.
tO-scufan, sceaf, scofen, st. v., S. 7, M. 3, to shove apart, scat- ter, D. 340.
tO-STi^apan, swe^op, svpapen, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to siceep apart, asunder, to separate, D. 342.
tO-swendan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. G, to cause to go apart, de- stroy, D. 342.
tO-wrecan, wraee, -wrecen, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to scatter, separate, dissipate, D. 301.
tredan, traed, treden, st. v., S. 5, M. 1, to tread, enter, go upon, roam through, Ex. 158.
136
GLOSSARY.
treddlan, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2,
M. 6, to tread, step, go, go about,
D. 439. treo(w), -es, St. n., a tree, rcood,
D. 511, 556. trebw, -e, st. {., faith, trttst, fidel- ity to covenant, faithfulness, Ex.
149, 422, 425. halige trebwa.
Ex. 3CC, D. 312. trebwan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to trttst, confide in, entrust. treowe, -an, wk. f., see treb-w. truin, adj., firm, true, steadfast,
Ex. 553. trynian, see trymian. trymian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2,
M. C, to strengthen, incite, to
storm, rage, roar, ichirr, Ex.
159. trj'mede = strengthened,
D. 534. tuddor-tebnde, adj. part, plu.,
bringing forth offspring; as
noun, Ex. 372. tungel, -es, st. n., star, planet, con- stellation, D. 369. Also tungol. twa, num. adj., see twegen, Ex.
63, 184. twegen, num. adj., two, (tu),
Ex. 94, M. 141. Also twa, gen.
twegra, dat. twain. twelf, num. adj., twelve, Ex. 225. tweogan, see tweon. tweon, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6,
to be of doubtful mind, to doubt. tweone, num., see bi(be)-twe'b-
num, Ex. 562. twig, -es, St. n., a tmg, branch,
D. -jOi, 515. tyn-hund, -es, st. n.,ten hundred,
thousand, Ex. 232. tyr, see tir. J>a, adv., then, there, at that time,
Ex. 22, 30, 33. 1). 19, 22; then,
ichen, wfiere, Ex. 48, 146, 202,
319; ^a. . . i>ai = then . . . when, D. 178; ha h»r, Ex. 347; as conj., as, xchen, since, Ex. 142.
J»&r, adv. and conj. and rel., there, in that place, if, through, Ex. 71, 89, 1). 40, 66; thither, Ex. 91, D. 82; ichere, there where, Ex. 330, 387, D. 346: \>&r ge = ichithersoever ye, Ex. 272.
>tes, see se, (gen.).
>aet, conj., that, Ex. 23, 123, D. 83, 86; that, so that, (result), Ex. 206, 264, 294, D. 15, 31; purpose or design, Ex. 317, 336, 528, D. 77. oJ> J^set = until, D. 29.
J»jet, see se.
}>8ette, conj., (]>{iet->e), that, so that, in order that, Ex. 151, 509, D. 114, 161, 318.
>afi(g)an, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to submit, agree, accede, J). 190.
J»an, see se, (>am) = >one, Ex. 245.
>anc, -es, st. m., thought, reflec- tion, favor, pardon, D. 308.
>anclan, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to thank, give thanks, re- heard, D. 86, 425.
]>anne, see]>onne.
]>anon. adv., then, thereupon, Ilx. 515.
J»e (iudec), rel. particle and conj., tdio, which, that, D. 87. se H = he who, Ex. 7 ; se >e his = ichose ; J>a}>e {those who), Ex. 235, D. 35; hara \>e, Ex. 189, M. 380 (3), D. 16; }>8es )>q = because, Ex. 49, D. 308; »r l^am i>e = ere that ; he . . . l^e = either . . . or, ma he {more than), D. 264; oh he = iintil ; to hses he = whither.
GLOSSARY.
137
)»eah, conj. and adv., (J>eah >e), though, although, Ex. Ul, 209, D. 192. swajjeah = hoicever, nevertheless, Ex. 339.
>eaht, see )»eccan.
J>e'aw, -es, st. ni., custom, hahit, usage, D. 572.
J>eccan, J^eahte, ge-J»eaht, wk. v. , S. 1, M. 6, to cover, thatch, con- ceal, Ex. 288.
J>eg(e)n, -es, st. ra., thane, knight, servant, vassal, Ex. 170, D. 75.
J>egnung, -e, st. f., service.
}»eg«, -e, St. f., reception. Used in compounds.
>encan, >6hte, ge->6ht, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to think, intend, fan- cy, wyrnan Jjohton = thought to refuse, Ex. 51.
>enden, adv. and conj., tdiile, during, so long as, that, Ex. 255, D. 8, 10.
J>engel, -es, st. m., prince, lord, Ex. 173.
J»e'bd, -e, st. f.,folk, nation, peo- ple, Ex. 158, 326, 357, D. 172, 181. wlance t'^ode (Egyptians) , Ex. 486.
J>e'bd(e)n, -es, st. m., loixl, prince, ruler; (of Noah), Ex. 363, D. 109, 188; {of God), Ex. 431, D. 33, 34, 93.
}>e'bden-hold,udj., loyal, pleasing to one's lord, faithful, Ex. 87, 182.
>e'bd-m8egen, -es, st. n., folks' power, might, cohort, body, host. J>ridde ^eod-, Ex. 342.
Jje'bd-scipe, -es, st. m., law, rule, government, godes he'bd- {ride of God), Ex. 528.
]>e'bw-iied, see Jjeow-nyd.
J>eo(w)-nyd, -e, st. f., slavery, bondage, D. 294, 308.
>e'bster, st. n., see ^elistru.
Jje'bstru, -e, st. f., gloom, dark- ness. K'bstro, D. 376.
J>es, Jje'bs, J»iS) dem. pro., this, Ex. 273, D. 206, (Msse), k^s, Ex. 280, 430; to daege Hssiim, Ex. 203.
>ider. (J»yder), adv., thither, Ex. 46, 196.
>in, pers. pro., thy, (thine), your, Ex. 418, 434, D. 131, 285.
J>inoan, J>uhte, wk. v., S. 1, M. Q,seem, appear, {methinks), Ex.
572, D. 270, 498, 505, 509, (me- seems) .
}>iDg, -es, St. n., thing, event, en- terprise, assembly, council.
>ing(i)an, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to beg, pray, speak, con- ciliate, expiate. t>inga = pray, D. 588.
J>6hte, see }>encan.
]>olian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to endure, sniffer, allow, grant, Ex. 324, D. 308.
J>on = J»ain, see se. e^ac bon = moreover, 'Ex. STi, S81; ser J>on = before that, D. 35.
J»onne, adv., then, at that time, henceforth, Ex. 543, D. 276. ])onne-];>onne— then , when ; conj., if, as, xohen, while, Ex. 325; tonnehset, h>onne gif (than if), with comp. = than, Ex. 373. widdra and siddra J>onne, Ex. 428, D. 250.
J>racu, -e, st. f., attack, pressure, force, conflict. Jracu waes on ore, Ex. 326.
}»r8ec->vig, -es, st. \\\., violent com- bat, onset, battle, Ex. 182.
Jjrag(h), -e, St. f., time, space, D.
573, 588.
138
GLOSSARY.
J»rea''g),-es, -o, m. f. (n.), throat, Cilia til it)/, attack, terror, evil, opiu-r.ss'ion, 1). 2!)-i.
J>rcanit'dCny(i), -e, St. f. (n.), bitter necessity, misery, need, distres's, danyer, 1). 213.
}»reo(J»rj'), nuin. adj., three, Ex. 'MV.\, 1). 102: gen. hrebra, dat. iTvm; as noun. I'ti \n-y, 1). 03.
>ri(lda, num. adj., titird, Ex. 87, 343, 1). 'J2.
)>rist(e), adj., IxAd, darimj, reso- lute, D. 42.->.
|»rowi(ge)an, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. fi, to endure, bear, D. 213.
)>ryin(m), -es, st. m., troop, hand, multitude, power, glory, majesty ; 1). 425. Also N-im.
J»rym-faest, adj., (jlorious, mighty ; (of Noah), Ex'. 303.
J>ryin-lic(e), adj. and adv., glori- ous, noble, mighty, nobly, glori- ously.
>rysmian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. G, to press, disrjidet, suffocate.
J>r5'st, see Jurist.
Jryjj, -e, st. f., strength, poiwr, glory, midtitude. folca l-ryl-um = in multitudes, Ex. 340.
}>fi, pcrs. pro., thou, you, Ex. 421. ge, Ex. 259 ; eow, 2G8.
J»uf, -es, St. m.,flag, ensign, stan- dard, Ex. 158.
J>un(e)riaii, see }>unian.
}>unian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. (>, to extend, float, swell, resound, Ex. 1.58.
)>urfan, )>orfte, pret. pres., to need, icant, desire, Ex. 425.
>urh, prep. vv. ace, through, by means of. (a) local, Ex. 572, D. 281,461. (b) inst.,Ex. 202, D. 4, 51, 146, 316. (c) causal,
1). 48. (d) confirmatory (by oath), ).nrh his . . . Itf, Ex. 433.
J»urstig, adj., thirsty, greedy, de- sirous, Ex. 182.
Jjurh-gledan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to heat through, J). 244.
J>urli-Avadan, wOd, waden, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to penetrate, go through, invade, 1). 464.
}>us, adv., thus, so, D. 324.
]>usend, num., thousand, Ex. 184, M. 141.
J>usend-m3;luin, adv., thousand- fold, by thousands, Ex. 196.
]>y, see se.
>y-l*s, conj. \>y \xs (];>e) = lest that.
Jjyncan, sec ]>ineau.
U.
ufan, adv., from above, above, D. 509.
uht-tid, -e, St. f., daion, twilight- tide, on uht-tid = about dawn, Ex. 216 (3 to 6 A.M.).
iin-blij>(e), adj., joyless, unkind, 1). 127, 134.
un-ceapunga, &(\\., freely, gratui- tously, D. 746.
un-euj>, adj., unknown, strange, PLx. 58, 313.
under, prep. w. dat. and ace, wn- der, below, beneath, Ex. 228, 236, 376, D. 61. under hand = i"««o the power of, 1). 71.
iin-for-bf«rned, part, adj., un- hurnt, I). 272.
im-forht, adj., fearless, bold, un- terrified, Ex. 180, 328. As adv., Ex. 335.
un-ge-lic, adj., unlike, D. 112.
un-ge-scelid, adv., undauntedly, boldly, very, D. 243.
GLOSSARY.
139
ungrund, adj., bonndless, vast, unfathomable, Ex. 508.
un-hlebw, adj., offering no pro- tection, Ex. 494.
un-hold, adj., unfriendly, angry, wroth ; (of the Israelites) , D. 34.
un-lytel, adj., great, vast, D. 552.
unnan, pret. pres., uj»e, to give, grant, present, ic on(an) = / give, Ex. 269.
un-r&d, -es, at. m., evil counsel, folly, D. 186.
un-rlht, -es, St. n., wrong, evil, iiijustice, sin, D. 23, 187, 685.
un-riht-dQm , -es, st. m., unright- eousness, sin, T). 183.
un-rim, -es, st. m., countless, vast number, Ex. 261, D. 70, 324. Also adj., countless.
un-ryht, see un-riht.
un-scende, see un-scynde.
nn-scynde, adj., blameless, honor- able, not to be ashamed of, D. 763.
un-s-wiciende, adj. and part.,m- perishable, unceasing, eternal, Ex. 424.
un-wae-lice, adv., strong, D. 674.
un-weaxen, adj. pp., ungrown, young ; (of Isaac), Ex. 412.
up, adv., up, above, upicard ; (of motion), Ex. 200, 253, 411; up above, above, Ex. 461.
up-cyme, -es, st. m., rising, ori- gin, source, D. 385.
up-Iang, adj., upright, erect, Ex. 303.
uppe, adv., above. Also adj., above, high up, exalted, D. 195.
up-rad, see up-ridan.
up-ridan, rad, riden, st. v., S. 6, M. 2, to ride, move rtp, rise. fana up-rad = </ie standard up- rose, Ex. 248. I
up-rodor, -es, St. m., heaven, fir- mament, Ex. 429, 544.
user (fire), pos. pro., our, ours, (of us), D. 292, 298.
usic, see ic.
fit, adv., out, without, Ex. 187, D. 429. of Egyptum ut, D. 6.
fitan, adv., (uton), outside, with- out.
utan = Avutan = let us (go) .
W.
wac, adj., uieak, timid, cowardly, soft, Ex. 233.
wacian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to weaken, yield, languish.
wadan, wQd, waden, (waeden), St. V. , S. 2, M. 4, to press through, move, go through, Ex. 311.
wseccende, part., watching , watch- ful, aicake, Ex. 213.
wfed, -e, St. f. (-6, St. n. plu.), clothing, garments, D. 103, 634.
w^fre, adj., wavering, unsteady, unquiet, D. 241.
waeg, see wegan.
waeg, -es, st. m., wall, partition, Ex. 483; (of waves), Ex. 494, D. 723.
w£eg, -es, St. m., wave, billoxo, sea. mid waege, Ex. 457, 466, D. 323.
w&g-faru, -e, st. f., sea-path, course, Ex. 298.
w^g-strelim , -es, st. m., wave- stream, vmve, sea, ocean, Ex. 311.
W8el-ben(n)e, st. f.., death ivound, mortal wound, battle loound, Ex. 491.
wael-ceasega, -an, wk. m., battle- chooser, carrion-chooser, raven, Ex. 164. (wsel-ce'asig, adj.)
140
GLOSSARY.
Wccl-fapJ>ni, -es, St. m., grasp of
death, fatal embrace, Ex.
480. wael-gryre, -es, st. iii., deadly
horror, dread, terror of battle,
Ex. 137. wi^l-hlence, -an, wk. f., battle-
li)ik, chain, armor, shirt-of-mail ,
Ex. irc
>vtel-hrebw, adj., savage in slaughter, cruel ; (of Babyloni- ans), D. 53.
•wael-mist, -es, si. m., battle-mist, death-mist, mist, Ex. 450.
■w{el-ne(t)t, -es, st. n., death-net, battle-net, Ex. 202.
^v{el-mJ», -es, st. n\., deadly hos- tility, enmity, icar, T). 46.
wael-sliht, -es, st. m. and (n.), (sleaht), slaughter in battle, massacre, slaughter, Ex. 328.
w*p(e)n, -es, si. n., weapon, piece of armor, shield, spear, sword, Ex. 20, 328, 450. -vvJepna lafe (survivors), 1). 74.
w^pned-cyn, -es, st. n., male- kin, race, tribe, Ex. 188.
w^r, -e, St. f., covenant, agree- ment, promise, Ex. 140. w«re fraeton = broke the covenant, Ex. 147, 387,421.
wAre, -an, wk. f., see w&r.
w&r-faest, &({]., faithful, true, I). 194.
waer-genga, -an, wk. ra., a wan- derer, traveller, 1). GG3.
waes, see wesan.
waestm, -es, st. m. and n. (-e, f.), growth, stature, bodily strength, abundance. be wasstmum = according to bodily strength, Ex. 243.
veaeter, -es, st. n., water, Ex. 283, 450.
waiter-scipe, -es, st. m., collec- tion of waters, water-floods, floods, D. 389.
waeter-spring, -es, st. ni., (sprync), water-spring, whirl- pool, eddy, D. 38G.
%v»ter-spryne, see above.
\v^'J>an, ede, cd, wk. v., S. 1, M. C, to roam, xoander, Ex. 480.
wafian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. G, to ivaver, hesitate, stare, be astonished. h£Ble> wafedon = the warriors wavered, Ex. 78.
'\vah(g), -es, st. m., see waeg.
waldend, -es, St. m. and part., guide, ruler, king, lord; (of God), Ex. IG, 421, 432, I>. 13, 241.
^vam, see worn.
wan, see won.
wand, see windan.
wandlan, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. G, to hesitate, desist, D. 55o.
■waru, -e, st. f. plu., citizenship, citizens, used only in com- pounds.
wat, see witan. r1
w^aj>, -e, St. f., airay, wandering.
wra}>cma, -an, wk. m., flood, stream, sea. (wabuma.)
wfa})u, -e, St. f., a way, course, D. GG3.
waj>um, -es, st. m., wave, billow, vjater-stream , Ex. 471.
we, see ie.
w^e^a, -an, wk. ra., woe, misery, trouble, wdan on wenum = in expectation of misery, Ex. 213. Appos. with 6ht-n/bd, Ex. 180(?).
wea, adj., woful.
w^ealdan, we^old, wealden, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to wield, rule, exercise authority over, guide.
GLOSSARY.
141
sihe webld =^ guided the journeij , Ex. 105, D. 9, 523.
wealdend, see waldend.
wealh-stOd, -es, st. m., interpre- ter, Ex. 522.
•weall, -es, st. m., wall, rampart, (cliff), Ex. 305, 571, D. 600.
weal(l)-faesten, -es, st. n., ram- part, castle, fortress, and weal- fsesten = into a rampart, Ex. 283.
weallan, ■weol(l), wealleu, st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to icell up, gush out, rock, (swell). we'bllon wael-benna = death wounds swelled, Ex. 491(?).
wean, -es, st. m., misfortune, rtiin, D. 591.
weard, -e, st. f., see weard.
weard, -es, st. m., guardian, pro- tector, lord, Ex. 221, 503; (of God), Ex. 433, 485, D. 12, 26, 104, 117. ban-huses weard (mind, spirit), Ex. 523. Also watch, protection, D. 235.
weardian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, IM. 6, to guard, protect, defend, D. 665.
wearmlic, adj., varm, D. 350.
TvearJ>, see weorJ»an.
weccan, hte, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to arouse, loake, excite, D. 577.
wecgan, ede, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to move, agitate, D. 389, 577(?).
wedan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to rage, rave, storm, Ex. 489.
weder, -es, st. n., {weather), air, D. 347. holmegum wedi'um = through stormy weather, Ex. 118.
■weder- wolcen, -es, st. n., cloud in the air, cloud, Ex. 75.
wefan, waef, wefen, st. v., S. 5, M. l,to contrive, project, wses = waef, D. 119(?).
weg, -es, St. m., way, path, road, course, Ex. 283. \>&v ser wegas lagou=?ay the ways, Ex. 457; ou-weg= away, D. 513.
wegan, -waeg, Avegen, st. v., S.
5, M. 1, to hear, carry, move, Ex. 157, 572. Avsegon = moved, Ex. 180.
w^ela, -an, wk. m., weal , prosper- ity, wealth, D. 9, 645.
w^emman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to abuse, revile.
wen, -ne, st. f., see w^ena.
w^ena, -an, wk. m., (iveening), hope, expectation, setes on we- uan = i« hope of, Ex. 165, 176, 213.
wenan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to ween, hope, expect, D. 530. wendan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M.
6, to wend, turn, turn about, in- terpret, wendan ne milit, D. 747.
■w(e)oh(g), -es, st. m., see wig.
we'old, see w^ealdan.
w(e)orc, -es, st. n., wo7-k, deed, something made, labor, grief, (evil icork), D. 44, 268. weorc gode = grief to God, D. 24.
■w(e)orc-J»e'bw, -es, st. n., slave, servant; (of Israel), D. 74.
i;v(e)orc-J>e'bwa, -an, wk. m., see Tveorc-Jje'bw^.
w^eorpan, wearp, worpen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to cast, throw, D. 245.
•weorJ>an, w^earj*, w^orden, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to be, become, happen, escape, Ex. 142, 144, 154, D. 33, 124, 178. f8et>me weor^an = escape from the grasp of, Ex. 294.
weor}>ian, see wurj>ian.
14-2
GLOSSARY,
weor]»-niyn<l, -os, st. n.. see wiirjj-mynd.
ivconild, SCO woriild.
•wer, -es, st. in., man, person, Ex. 3, 149, D. 97.
wer-beam, -es, st. n., (tree of de- fence), icarrior, strong man ; (of Egj'ptians). Ex. 486.
•werg(i)an, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to curse, denounce.
weri(ge)aii, wk. v., (wergan), see •\verian.
■w'crian. edc, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to defend, protect, gttard, ward off, hinder, Ex. 202. (se has fyrd) ViQxe))— protects.
werig, adj., accursed.
werig, adj., loeary, dependent, un- strung, tmhappy, Ex. 130, D. 268.
weri(g)end, part, sub., -es, m., defender, guardian, protector; (of Egj'ptians), Ex. 588.
werod, -es, st. n., (^vered), band, host, muItitmJp, Ex. 100, 209 (Israel), Ex. .564 (Babylonians), D. 44, 53, Ex. 194 (Egyptians), (Israel) I). 13, 27.
werud, see werod, Ex. 204, 567.
wer-}>eod, -e, st. f., folk, people, men, Ex. 383, 519.
ivesan, waes, ge-^vesen, irreg., be, Ex. 12, 19, 22, etc., D. 3, 7. As auxiliary, Ex. 33, 35, 43, D. 113, 124.
west, adv., west, icestward, D. 53, 76.
%vesten, -es, st. n., v-aste, desert, solitude, Ex. 8, 123, D. 559, 622. ivesten-grjTe, -es, st. m., desert- horror, dread of the waste, Ex. 117 (inst.). wic, -es, St. n., camp, dwelling- place, house, village, Ex. 87,
133. Used in compounds, wTc-stedc, etc. wican, wac, Avicen, st. v., S. 6, M. 2, to yield, fall down, give icay, Ex. 483.
%vic(c)ung-dOm, -es, st. m., magic, witchcraft, D. 121.
^vician, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to dwell, tarry, sojourn, i-est in, Ex. 117.
wic-steal, -es, st. m., camp, camp- ing-ground, Ex. 92.
w^id, a(lj.,v;ide, vast, broad, long, icidespread, Ex. 42, 75, D. 121. to widan feore =/ore»er, Ex. 547.
wide, adv., \oidely,far and icide, Ex. 39, 480, D. 628, 647.
w^idc-ferhj>, -es, st. in. and n., long life, long time. = for a long time, Ex. 51, D. 407 (?).
wif, -es, st. n., icoman, female, (wife), Ex. 576.
w^ig, -es, St. m., idol, image, tem- ple, I). 201, 208.
wig, -es, St. m. and n., war, bat- tle, skill in war, Ex. 176, 243. wear}> wig gifen = success in battle loas given, D. 5. »
■\viga, -an, wk. ni., warrior, sol- dier, fighter, Ex. 188, 311, D. 5.
wig-bed, -es, st. n., altar, place of sacrifice.
wig-blac, adj., brilliant in battle gear, battle-shining, Ex. 204.
wig-bord, -es, st. n., battle-shield, shield, Ex. 466.
wigend, -es, st. m. and part., tcar- rior, fighter, Ex. 180, 328.
wig-gyld, -es, st. ra., idol, shrine.
Avig-le'b)*, -es, st. n., war-song, battle-cry, Ex. 221.
wig-Iic, adj., war-like, martial, Ex. 233.
GLOSSARY.
143
wig-trod, -e, st. f., icurlike expe- dition, army, Ex. 491.
wih-gyld, -es, st. n., see wig- gyld, D. 182.
wiht, -e, St. f., lohit, thing, ctis- tom, wight, D. 146, 201, 468.
wild, adj., wild, savage. D. 389, 663.
wild-deor, -es, st. n., wild beast, beast, D. 505, 513.
willa, -an, -wk.m., icill, xoish, de- sire, joy. bad y\\\\^a.n = aioaited the idll, Ex. 551, D. 290, 581.
wrillan, pret. pres., wolde, to xcish, will, desire, Ex. 150, D. 203. se he wille=fte ic/to iPi7/, Ex. 7 ; wolde = wolden, D. 214 ; be willing to, D. 11 ; be about to, Ex. 400, 411, 504, D. 85 ; future sense, Ex. 527, 557.
w^ilnian, ode, od, (ede, ed), wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to Irish, trill, en- treat, 215. wilnedan = wilne- den, D. 222.
win, -es, st. n., tcine, T>. 696.
win-burg, -e, st. f., icine-city, city of feasts, city, (Jerztsalem) , D. 68. Avin-burh, beloved city, D. 622.
wind, -es, st. m., irind, D. 278.
windan, waud, wunden, st. v.,
- S. 3, M. 1, to loind, turn one's self, tidst, move, stir, fly, wave. J>ufas \vMT[i<!io\i— standards icaved over, Ex. 342.
windig, adj., windy, breezy, D. 349.
win-druncen, adj. (part.), idne- drunken, drunken, D. 753.
wine-leas, adj., friendless, D. 569.
win-gal, adj., intoxicated, elated vnth tcine, joyous, D. 116.
winnan, w^an(n), wunnen, st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to strive, struggle, fight, Ex. 514.
w-insum, adj., see wjnsum.
winter, -es, st. m. and u., icinter; plu., years, seasons, D. 578.
w^inter-biter, adj., cold, wintry, D. 379.
win->ege, -an, wk. f., see next.
win-J»egu, -e, st. f., idne-feast, banquet, drinking, D. 17.
wis, adj., wise, knowing, saga- cious, Ex. 377 ; (Solomon), Ex. 393, D. 418.
wisa, -an, wk. m., wise man, guide, leader, Ex. 258, 540, D. 203.
wisan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to point out, shoic, instruct, guide, D. 35.
wisdSm, -es, st. m., icisdom, knowledge, D. 27, 96.
w^isian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to guide, instruct, Ex. 348. See w^isan.
wis-lic, adj., idse, sagacioits,'Ex. 526.
wis-lice, adv., idsely, D. 160.
wist, -e, St. f., food, nourishment, Ex. 130, D. 103.
wiste, see witan.
\^^tan, pret. pres., wiste (wisse), to knoir, knoiv of, be acquainted with, Ex. 29, 69, 291. ne wisse = did not know of, Ex. 409, D. 125, 182.
w^ite, -es, st. va., punishment, dis- tress, misery, Ex. 33, 140, D. 270, 523.
wit(e)ga, -an, wk. m., seer, prophet, Ex. 000. witgean {ma- gicians), D. 41, 149.
wite-r5d, -e, st. f., rod of pun- ishment {"i).
witian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, I\I. 6, to prescribe, appoint, lay down, pass, destined, witodx'e wyrde
1-14
GLOSSARY.
= appointed fate, Ex. 471. As noun, witodes, Ex. 551, law. Gr.
wltlg, adj., -irise, cognizant, Ex. 25. SO, I). 404.
wltlg-dOm, -es, st. m., prophecy, prediction, 1). 14G.
■\vit(ig)ian, ode, od, \vk. v., S. 2, M. 0, to propht'sy, predict, D. 4S0, 546.
wltod, adj., appointed, destined, D. 576.
wi-trod, -e, st. f., an exptdilion. See wig-trod, Ex. 303, 421, 491.
wl}>, prep. w. gen., dat., and ace, xcitli, against, from, before, at, to, beside, by, for. (a) separa- tion =/ro?)i, away from, D. 21. (/>) from, against = protection , Ex. 20, 72, 224, 237, 1). 279, 467. (c) hostility = against, Ex. 514. wit> (bone segn foran) = before, Ex. 172.
•wij»er-breca, -an, wk. m., antag- onist, enemy, D. 566.
wi)>-faran, f6r, faren, st. v., S. 2, M. 4, to escape, elude, come away from, Ex. 573.
wlanc, adj., proud, haughty, stately, rich, glad, Ex. 170, 486; (of Nebuch.), I). 26.
wlanc, -e, st. i., pride, arrogance, Ex. 204.
wlance, -es, st. m., see wlanc.
wlenco, sec wlanc, D. 678.
wlite, -es, st. m., form, figure, face, beauty, D. 240, 268.
w^llte-se'bn, -e, st. f., sight, as- pect.
wlite-sc^ne, adj., beautiful in face, beautiful, D. 338(?). = wlite-sdbn.
wlitig, adj., beauteous, lovely, D. 286.
wlltl(g)an, ode, od. wk. v., S.
2, M. 6, to beautify, ennoble, I).
327. w5d, see wadan. w5d, adj., raging, mad, D. 616,
628. woIc(e)n, -es, st. n., cloud, {wel- kin), Ex. 80, 298, D. 350, 624. wolcen-faru, -e, st. f., flying of
clouds, cloud-drift or course, D.
379. wom(m), -es, st. m. and n., spot,
stain, crime, sin, Ex. 532, D. 24. wOm, -es, St. m., shouting, lamen-
tation. woma, -an,'vvk. m., noise, tximult,
terror, vision, dream, Ex. 100,
202, D. 100, 118, 539. w^on(n), adj., (ican), dark, lurid,
black, Ex. 164. wOp, -es, St. m., (hw^e'bp), cry,
lamentation, weeping, (whoop),
Ex. 42, 200. word, -es, st. n., icord, speech.
Avordum njegde = addressed, Ex.
23, D. 125; emphatic, -vvordum
secgab, Ex. 377, 437, 521, D. 97. word-cwide, see next. word-cwyde, -es, st. m., speech,
language, command, utterance,
D. 327, 537. word-gleaw, adj., word-clever,
fluent, D. 418. w^ord-riht, -es, st. n., written law,
law, Ivx. 3, right word. worhte, see wyrcan. worn, -es, st. m., number, multi- tude, great number, Ex. 56, 195,
D. 76, 325. woruld, -e, st. f., world, Ex. 25,
I). 111. Also Aveoruld. woruld-craeft, -es, st. m., earthly
v:it, earthly wisdom, D. 364.
Also weoruld.
GLOSSARY.
145
vvoruld-dream, -es, st. m.,ii}orhl-
joy, joy. worulrl-dreama lyt —
little joy, Ex. 42. woruld-ge-sceaft, -e, st. f ., earthly
creature, v;orld, D. o32. woruld-lif, -es, St. u., lifetime,
life in the loorld, Y>. 103. Tvoruld-rice, -es, st. n., kingdom
of the world, loorld, Ex. 365, 393,
D. 589. woruld-sped, -e, st. f., success in
the icorld, success, I). 290. ■wra(e)cu, -e, st. f., vengeance,
punishment, D. 309. ■vrrsec, -es, st. n., exile, banish- ment, misery ; (of Abraham), Ex.
383. on wrasc = into exile, D. 569. wraecca, -an, \vk. m., an exile, a
fugitive, miserable one, (ivretch) ,
Ex. 532, D. 634. wraec-lic, adj., strange, wondrous,
foreign, Ex. 3, D. 270; Ex. 3-6,
appositive and parenthetical. ■wraec-man (mon), -es, st. m.,
exile, fugitive, Ex. 137 (Israel). wr&st, adj., fixed, firm, lasting ;
comp., D. 182. wraetlic, adj., ornamental, strange,
wonderful, Ex. 298. AvraJ», adj., wroth, hostile. As
noun, Ex. 20. wreean, wraec, wrecen, st. v., S.
5, M. 1, to drive, force, expel, avenge, D. 577.
wreccan, hte, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to incite, arouse, D. 577.
wrec(ce), adj., exiled, miserable, Ex. 532.
writan, wrat, writen, st. v., S.
6, M. 2, to inite, record, D. 723, 727.
•wrOht, -e, st. f. (m., -es), strife, hostility, discord, reproach, sin, harm, Ex. 147, D. 240.
wudu, -a, St. m. (-es), luood, D. 245.
wudu-beam, -es, st. m., forest tree, tree, D. 499, 505.
wuldor, -es, st. n., glory, fame, jvaise, Ex. 86, 100, D. 13, .59.
wiildor-cyning, -es, st. m., king of glory, glorious king, God, D. 309, 427.
wuldor-faest, adj., glorious, fa- mous ; (of Solomon), Ex. 390, D. 286.
wuldor-ge-steald, -es, st. n. (plu.), glorious possessions, riches, Ex. 588.
T;vuldor-haina, -an, wk. m., garb of glory, brilliant robe, D. 338.
wulf, -es, St. m., wolf, Ex. 164.
wnlf-heort, adj., wolf-hearted, criiel, hard-hearted, D. 116, 135.
wunden, adj., bent, txcisted, 1). 673.
wundor, -es, st. n., loonder, mar- vel, miracle, Ex. 10, 108, 551, D. Ill, 444.
wundor-lic, adj., strange, won- drous, D. 634.
wunian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to dwell, abide, last, accustom, D. 123, 367.
wurdon, see "iveorJ>an.
\vur}>an = wurj'en ; see weor]>an.
wur>ian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6 (wurhigean), to esteem, re- spect, honor, adorn, D. 182,208, 260. Also ede, ed.
wur>-mynd, -e, st. f., honor, dignity, D. 610. wurh-mjnidum = in a dignified manner, Ex. 258.
watan, Tvuton (Avith inf.), let us.
wyll. -es, St. m., iccll, sjmng, D. 386.
wylla, -an, wk. m. (-e, -an, f.), see wyll.
hi
GLOSSARY.
wyllan, soo wlllan.
wylm, -es, st. m., veiling, surg- ing, surf, flood, D. 214, 241; surging (of flames), D. 464.
•\vyn(n), -e, st. f., joy, pleasure, (Might, Ex. 531.
■wynsuni, ii(\]., winsome, pleasing, D. 347.
Avyrc(c)an, worhte, ge-worht, ■vvk. v., S. 1, i\I. 2, to work, make, create, establish, Ex. 25. wyrceb waiter = forms the water, Ex. 282, D. 266; wyrcan=:to act (mth impunitii), T). 591.
>vyrd, -C.St. t.,fate, destiny; (of God), Ex. 432, 457, 471, D. 132, 149, 471.
wyrm, -es, st. m., icorm, Ex. 536.
wyrnan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to refuse, deny, reject, pro- hibit, Ex. 51.
^vyrpan, te, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to rest, refresh one's self, recover, return. wyrpten hie = rested (threio themselves doxon), Ex. 130.
wyrresta, see yfel, D. 215, 305.
wyrt, -e, st. f., a root, herb, 1). 499.
wyrt-(t)ruina, -an, wk. ni., root- stock, root, D. 516, 559, 581.
^ean, ^hte, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to increase, enlarge, 1). 318.
yfel, \vyrsa, -wyrst (wyrresta), adj., D. 187.
yfel, -es, st. x\.,evil, evil thing ; (of hell) , Ex. 537.
ylde, m. plu., men, people, hu- manity, Ex. 436, D. 106, 112.
yldo, indec. f., age, old age, time, era. yldo bearu = men of the
time, Ex. 28; yldo=oZd age, Ex. 539.
yldra, see eald.
yldran, -ena, plu. m., ancestors, parents, D. 298.
yld(u), -e, St. f., see yldo.
yinb, prep. w. ace. and dat., around, about, at, Ex. 180, D. 248, 254. Temporal = about, after, Ex. 63 ; causal = on ac- count of, Ex. 145.
ymb-hweorft (hwyrft), -es, st. m., rotation, environment, cir- cuit, Ex. 26; circle of the earth, Ex. 429.
ymb-utan, adv. and prep., about, around.
ymb-wician, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to encamp aborit, clivell around, Ex. 65.
ymb-wicigean, see above.
ypping, -e, st. f., expanse, brun yppinge, the brovm expanses, Ex. 498.
yrfe-laf, -e, st. f., heir, one left to heir; (of Isaac), Ex. 403.
yrfe-weard, -es, st. m., heir, guar- dian, Ex. 142.
yrmj>, see yrinjju.
yrinj>u, -e, st. f., distress, miser ij, Ex. 265.
yrre, adj., wroth, Ex. 505, D. 210, 224. Also, wrong, emng, con- fused.
yl>an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to waste., destroy.
y}>(u), -e, St. f., leave, flood, bil- ious, Ex. 282, 288.
S'>-laf, -e, St. f., loave-remnant , sand, shore, Ex. 585.
ywan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to shoto, reveal, announce, ap- pear. i>e him ywed waBs = which to him teas revealed, D. 162.
OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH.
[ANGLO-SAXON.]
Beowulf : An Anglo-Saxon Poem.
(Vol. I. of the Library of Anglo-Saxon Poetry.)
Contains also the Fight at Fiuusburli. "With Text and Glossary on the basis of Heyne's fourth edition, edited, corrected, and enlarged by James A. H-^rrison, Professor of English and Modei-n Languages, Washington and Lee University, and Robert Sharp, Professor of Greek and English, Tulane I'niversity of Louisiana. Second Edition, revised. 12mo. Cloth. x + 325 pages. Mailing Price, $il.25; Introduc- tion, ^.12.
HIS edition is designed primarily for college classes. It has been recommended by Professors Dowden and Nicoll to their in the Universities of DubHn and Glasgow.
F. A. March, Prof, of Anglo-Saxon , Hiram Corson, Prof. Eng., Cornell Lafayette College : The best there is Univ. : Altogether the one best adapt- for class use. (Nov. 2, 1885.) ed to the wants of American students.
T
Ocedmon's Exodus and Daniel.
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rpHIS edition is designed mainly for college classes, and includes 589 lines of the Exodus and 765 of the Daniel.
F. A. March, Lafayette College : It I American publish a neat and conven- is a matter of honest pride to see an | lent edition of it.
Andreas: A Legend of St Andrew.
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Edited, with Critical Notes, by W. M. Baskervill, Professor of English Language and Literature in the Yanderbilt University. Text and Notes, \m + 78 pages. Paper. 25 cents. To be issued soon in Cloth, with Glossary. See the Announcements.
OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH. 23
/^ KDDrS, Groin's, and Kemble's editions have been freely used. ^^ The chief canon of criticism followed has been to adhere to the reading of the Ms. wherever it was possible.
T. W. Hunt, of Princeton College : I Modern Language Notes (.7. W. It is very neatly issued, and in text LBr/.'//(0 ■ 'l'l»e editor's work bears^ and notes is highly satisfactory. I the stamp of great «are and industry
/?/? Old- and Middle-English Reader.
(Zupitza's Alt- und Mittel-Englisches Lesebuch.)
Translated and edited for tlie Library of Anglo-Saxon Poetry by Prof.
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1888. Sec also the Announcements. rpHE Text consists of two parts, — Old-English and Middle- English. It is believed to be exceptionally accurate, the manuscripts having been collated personally by Professor Zupitza. The thirty-four pieces are typical as regards the language in its different stages and the literature. They embrace poetry and prose from the rise of the literature in England through the Middle-English Period, — from Csedmon's Hymn to John Lyd- gate's Guy of Warwicl; — a period of seven hundred years. The selections are short, and, when possible, entire ; they are arranged chronologically, and at a glance reveal the changes in the language.
A new feature is the printing, in parallel columns, of specimens for the study of the West Saxon, Northumbrian, and Mercian dialects.
James A. Harrison, Prof, of Modern Lan;/u<if/('s, Kn()lUh und Modern. History, Lexington, Va. : An excellent piece of work, and beau- tifully printed too. (,Nov. 10, 1886.)
B. W. Wells, Teacher of English Lite rut lire, Friends' School, Provi- dence, R.I. : I think this promises to be the most serviceable book we have for the study of old English. {Nov. 14, 1886.)
Chaucer's Parlament of Foules.
A revised Text, willi Literary and Grammatical Introduction, Notes, and a full Glossary. By T. K. Lounsbury, Professor of English in the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale College. 12mo. Cloth. Ill pages. Mailing Price, 55 cents; Introduction, 50 cents.
F. J. Child, Prof, of English Lit- 1 is so good a book that I am inclined traturc in Harvard University : It I to slight even better poetry for it.
24
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Beowulf, and The Fight at Finnsburh.
Translated by James M. Gauxett, M.A., LL.D., Professor of the English Language and Literature in the University of Virginia. With Facsimile of the I'nique Manuscript in the British Museum, Cotton. Vitellius A XV. Sfomd Editi.oi, revised. 12mo. Cloth. 146 pages. Mailing Price, §1.10; Introduction, $1.00.
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An Old English Grammar.
By Eduard Sievers, Ph.D., Professor of Germanic Philology in the University of Tiibingen ; translated and edited by Albert S. Cook, Ph.D. (Jena), Professor of the English Language and Literature in the University of California. Second edition, revised and enlarged. 12ino. Cloth. XX + 273 pages. Mailing Price, §1.25 ; for Introduction, .'§1.12.
TT is hoped that this version will be found not only to present
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F. J. Child, Pr&f. of Eng., Harvard Univ. : It is an absolutely masterly book, as would be expected of those who have made it. {Feb. i, 1888.)
C. J. Bichardson, Prof, of Eng.,
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OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH.
25
OPINIONS AND KEVIEWS OF THE FIKST EDITION.
American Journal of Philologn^ :
The well-recognized merit of Sievers' unrivalleil Anf/clsiichsische Grani- maiik created an imperative demand for an English version. That this demand would be met was inevita- ble; hoic it would be met Mas doubt- ful. Delay and apprehension are now happily removed by the appear- ance of this volume.
The characteristic feature of Sie- vers' work is its independence of preceding Anglo-Saxon grammars, and its dependence upon the most authentic documents of the earliest periods of the language, discrimi- nated as to age and dialect. Prof. Cook's leading purpose has been to supply to our institutions of learning a serviceable text-book. To this end the requirements of a perspicuous and idiomatic style, and of a clear and consistent terminology, have been well met.
In the distribution of the matter and the variety of the type, such an improvement of tlie original is ef- fected as might in itself almost jus- tify the new version.
Deserving of notice, moreover, is the care with which Prof. Cook has corrected many erroneous cross-ref- erences, his amplification of the In- dex, and his excellent modification of the system of accentuation. We need hardly add that the work is worthy of general acceptance.
The Independent : It may be said to mark an era in the history of Old or First English, somewhat as did Thorpe's first edition of Rask's Gram- mar (18.'50). Upon no scholar among us could the work of presenting this grammar in modern English form have more appropriately fallen than upon Prof. Cook.
The volume is a scholarly edition of a scholarly original, and is not only translated into English, but is made as English in spirit and method as such a work can be.
The Schoolmaster, London : Roth as a work of reference and as a text- book, this volume is a valuable addi- tion to the resources of the English student.
Prof. Henry Johnson (Boicdoin Colic f/e), in t/ie " Andover Review " : Every student of English owes a great debt of thankfulness to Prof. Sievers for making his Angelsixch- sische Graminatik. It was published in 1882, and was recognized at once as far superior in fulness and accu- racy of treatment of the oldest Eng- lish dialects to all preceding gram- mars of the language. It was founded on the prose literature. Since 1882 the most important contribution to Old English grammar is the publica- tion of emendations of his grammar. Besides these materials. Prof. Cook has incorporated in the American edition the results of the work of other scholars up to the present, and has produced what is by far the best Old English grammar to be had.
Charles F. Bichardson, Prof, of Aufjlo-Saxon and J'^iif/lisfi, Dart- moiUK College : Anglo-Saxou stu- dents have been waiting with interest for the work, and it is fortunate that it has been translated by a competent American scholar, himself a pupil of the author.
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M info's Manual of English Prose Literature.
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nnHE main design is to assist in directing students in English -^ composition to the merits and defects of otir principal writers of prose, enabling them, in some degree at least, to acqttire the one and avoid the other. The Introduction analyzes style : elements of style, qualities of style, kinds of composition. Part First gives exhaustive analyses of De Quincey, Macaulay, and Carlyle. These serve as a key to all the other authors treated. Part Second takes up the prose authors in historical order, from the fourteenth cen- tury up to the early part of the nineteenth.
H. C. De Motte, Prcs. of Chaddock College, Quiiici/, III.: We are de- lighted with it. It is one of the most serviceable books I have seen on the subject. I shall recommend it for our work here. (Sein. 23, 1886.)
Hiram Corson, Prof, of Ent/lish
Literature, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, N. Y. : Without going outside of this book, an earnest student could get a knowledge of English prose styles, based on the soundest principles of criticism, such as he could not get in any twenty volumes which I know of. {May 14, 188G.)
Minto's Characteristics of the English Poets,
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rilHE chief objects of the author are: (1) To bring into clear light the characteristics of the several poets ; and (2) to trace how far each was influenced by his literary predecessors and his contemporaries.
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rXlHE treatment is characterized by: —
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2. Simplicity. Great care has been taken to free the treatment from artificialities. The subjects are most logically ordered, but not too minutely subdivided. So far as possible, terms are used in their popular and usual sense.
3. Originality. In a subject so old and so thoroughly studied each new treatment must take large account of what has been done before. This the author has not failed to do. But principally he has made his book from the study of literature at first hand. Tra- ditional principles and rules have been discarded unless found to rest on a basis of truth and practical value.
4. Availability. The treatment is throughout comtrnctire. The student is regarded at every step as endeavoring to make literature, and is given just what is indispensable to this end. On every point the main problems of construction are stated and solved. Again, the work has been prepared not more in the study than in the class- room, and the adaptation kept constantly in mind of every usage and principle to the actual needs of the actual student.
.5. Completeness. All of the literary forms have been given something of the fulness hitherto accorded only to argument and oratory. Tl;is method is clearly in line with modern requirements. Part I. deals with style; Part H. with invention. All questions arising under botli these divisions are fully considered.
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13
Hudson's Expurgated Shakespeare.
For Schools, Clubs, and Families. Revised and enlarged Editions of twenty-three Plays. Carefully expurgated, with Explanatory Notes at the bottom of the page, and Critical Notes at the end of each volume. By H. N. Hudson, LL.D., Editor of The Harvard Shakespeare. One play in each volume. Square 16mo. Varying in size from 128-253 pages. Mailing Price of each : Cloth, 50 cents; Paper, 35 cents. Intro- duction Price: Cloth, 45 cents; Paper, 30 cents. Per set (in box), $12.00. (To Teachers, $10.00.)
O OME of the special features of this edition are the convenient size and shape of the volumes ; the clear type, superior press- work, and attractive binding; the ample introductions; the ex- planatory notes, easily found at the foot of the page; the critical notes for special study; the judicious expurgation, never mangling either style or story ; the acute and sympathetic criticism that has come to be associated with Dr. Hudson's name; and, finally, the reasonableness of the price.
Oliver Wendell Holmes: An edi- tion of any play of Shakespeare's to which Mr. Hudson's name is affixed does not need a line from anybody to commend it.
Cyrus Northrop, Prof, of English Literature, Yale Colleije : They are convenient in form and edited by Hudson, — two good things which I can see at a glance.
Hiram Corson, Prof, of Rhet. and Eng. Lit., Cornell University : I con- sider them altogether excellent. The notes give all the aid needed for an understanding of the text, without waste and distraction of the student's mind. The introductory matter to the several plays is especially worthy of approbation. (Jan. 28, 1887.)
C. F. P. Bancroft, Prin. of Phil- lips Academy, Andover, Mass.: Mr. Hudson's appreciation of Shake- speare amounted to genius. His editing accordingly exhibits more than learning and industry, — it re- veals insight, sympathy, and convic- tion. He leads the pupil into the
very mind and heart of " the thou- sand-souled Shakespeare."
Byron Groce, Master in Public Latin School, Boston : The amended text is satisfactory; the typography is excellent; the notes are brief, al- ways helpful, not too numerous, and put where they will do the most good ; the introductions are vigorous, in- spiriting, keenly and soimdly critical, and very attractive to boys, especially on account of their directness and warmth, for all boys like enthusi- asm. {Jan. 22, 1887.)
C. T. Winchester, Prof, of English, Wesleyan University : The notes and comments in the school edition are admirably fitted to the need of the student, removing his difficulties by stimulating his interest and quicken- ing his perception. {Feb. 10, 1887.)
A. C. Perkins, Prin. of Adelphi Academy, Brooklyn: In the prepa- ration of the School Shakespeare, Mr. Hudson met fully the capacities and needs of students in our schools and colleges. {Feb. 4, 1887.)
14 HIGHER ENGLISH.
The series consists of the twenty-three plays enumerated below TI'i' furnish of the Old Edition, in paper covers, the plays starred in the following list (Mailing Price, 20 cents ; Introduction, 15 cents) : —
♦A Midsummer-Night's Dream.^ ♦Henry the Fifth.'-
*The Merchant of Venice. ^ *Henry the Eighth.^
*Much Ado About Nothing. ^ *Romeo and Juliet.^
♦As You Like It.^ ♦JuUus Caesar.^
Twelfth Night.' *Hamlet.i
♦The Tempest.- *King Lear."^
The Winter's Tale.' *Macbeth.- King John. Antony and Cleopatra.*
Richard Second. ♦Othello.'' Richard Third.- Cymbeline.^
♦Henry Fourth, Part First.^ ♦Coriolanus.^ Henry Fourth, Part Second.^
Hudson's Three-Volume Shakespeare.
Fur .Schools, Faiiiilie.s. and Chibs. ^Vitb lutroductions and Notes on each Play, llimo. Clotli. G;!G-(J78 pages per volume. Mailing Price, per volume, .Sl.-M); Introduction, .5L'25.
The plays included in the three volumes respectively are indicated by Jif/ures in the above list.
The Harvard Edition of Shakespeare's Complete
Works.
By Henry N. Hudson, LL.D., Author of the Life, Art, and Characters of Sliakcspeare, Editor of School Shakespeare, etc. In Twenty Volumes; 12mo ; two plays iu each volume ; also in Ten Volumes, of four plays each.
RETAIL PRICES. Twenty-vol. edition, cloth . $25.00 | Ten-vol. edition, cloth . . $20.00 Half -calf 55.00 I Half-calf 40.00
O;;^"' Buyers should he careful in orderiny not to confound the Har- vard Shakespeare with au Old Edition made in 1851, and sold under another name.
npiIIS is pre-eminently the edition for libraries, students, and general readers. The type, paper, and binding are attractive and superior, and the notes represent the editor's ripest thought.
HIGHER ENGLISH. 15
An obvious merit of this edition is, that each vokime has two sets of notes; one mainly devoted to explaining the text, and placed at the foot of the page; the other mostly occupied with matters of textual comment and criticism, and printed at the end of each play. This arrangement is particularly suited to the con- venience of the general student, who does not wish to hunt for an explanation ; and to the wants of the special student, who desires extended discussion of a difficulty.
E. P. Whipple, The Noted Critic: N. Y. Tribune: As an interpreter Hudson's is the most thoughtful and of Shakespeare, imbued with the intelligent interpretative criticism vital essence of the great English which has, during the present cen- dramatist, and equally qualified by tury, been written, either in English insight and study to penetrate the or German. deepest significance of his writings,
it would be difficult to name an Eng-
N. Y. Evening Express : The most lish or American scholar who can be satisfactory and complete edition we I compared with the editor of this have. 1 edition.
Hudson's Life, Art, and Characters of Shake-
speare (Revised Edition, 1882).
By Henry N. Hudson, LL.D., Editor of The Harvard Shakespeare, etc. In 2 vols. 12mo. 969 pages. I^niform in size with The Harvard S/utke- speare, and matches it in the following bindings : ^
Cloth Retail Price, $4.00 per set.
Half-calf " " 8.00 "
npHESE two volumes contain: The Life of Shakespeare; An Historical Sketch of the Origin and Growth of the Drama in England; Shakespeare's Contemporaries; Shakespeare's ^4 r/, discus- sing under this head, Xatm-e and Use of Art, Principles of Art, Dramatic Composition, Characterization, Humour, Style, Moral Spirit ; Shakespeare's Characters, containing critical discourses on twenty-five of the Plays.
London Athenaeum : They deserve I his works, to his biography, or to the to find a place in every library de- works of commentators, voted to Shakespeare, to editions of I
16 HIGHER ENGLISH.
Hudson's Classical English Reader.
Kor Ilii;h Schools, Academics, and the upi)er tirades of Grammar Schools. I'Jmo. Cloth. 425 pages. Mailing Price, #1.10 ; Introduction, §1.00 ; Allowance for old book in use, 30 cents.
TT contains selections from Bryant, Burke, Burns, Byron, Car- lyle, Coleridge, Cowley, Cowper, Dana, Fronde, Gladstone, Goldsmith, Gray, Helps, Herbert, Hooker, Hume, Irving, Keble, Lamb, Landor, Longfellow, jNIacaulay, Milton, Peabody, Scott, Sliakespeare, Southey, Spenser, Talfourd, Taylor, Webster, Whit- tier, Wordsworth, and other standard autliors, with explanatory and critical foot-notes. This is a book that seems to merit a place in every school of advanced grade below the college.
F. J. Child, Prof, of English i/i | are good for anything generally know Harvard Unirersitij : A boy who their readers, might almost be said knew this book as well as boys Mho I to be liberally educated.
Essays on Education, English Studies, and Shake-
speare.
By Henry N. Hudson, LL.D., the Eminent Shakespearian. Square IGmo. Taper. 118 pages. Mailing Price, 25 cents.
npiIE volume contains: The Preface to the new edition of Ham- let. An Essay on " Etu/lish in Scliooh" " Shakespeare as a Text-Book," " How to Use Shakespeare in Schools."
Hudson's Text-Book of Poetry.
By 11. N. UuDsux, LL.D. iL'mo. Cloth. Oitt pages. Mailing Price, .Sl.40 ; Introduction, SI. 25.
OELECTIOXS from Wordsworth, Coleridge, Burns, Beattie, ^ Goldsmith, and Thomson. Witli sketches of the authors' lives, and instructive foot-notes, historical and explanatory.
Hudson's Text-Book of Prose.
By 11. X. IIi.DsoN, LL.D. 12m(). Clotli. Cm pages. Mailing Price, .Sl.40; Introduction, .Sl.25.
T^ROM Burke, Web.ster, and Bacon. With sketches of the authors' lives, and foot-notes, historical and explanatory.
HIGHER ENGLISH. 17
Hudson's Selections of Prose and Poetry.
Annotated. 12mo. Paper. Mailing Price of each, 20 cents ; Introduc tion Price, 15 cents.
Edmund Burke. Section 1. Five Speeches and ten Papers. Sec- tion 2. A Sketch of his Life. A Letter to a Noble Lord, and eleven extracts.
Daniel Webster. Section 1. The Reply to Hayne, and six extracts Section 2. A Sketch of his Life, and extracts from twenty-five Speeches.
Lord Bacon. A Sketch of his Life, and extracts from thirty Essays.
Wordsworth. Section I. Life of Wordsworth, the Prelude, and thirty- three Poems. Section II. Sixty Poems and Sonnets, accompanied by foot-notes, historical and explanatory.
Coleridge and Burns. Biographies of the Poets, and forty-five Poems.
Addison and Goldsmith. A Life of each, fifteen Papers from Addison, and eleven Prose Selections from Goldsmith, with The Deserted Village.
Craik's English of Shakespeare.
Illustrated in a Philological Commentary on Julius Caesar. By George L. Craik. Queen's College, Belfast. Edited, from the third revised Loudon edition, by W. .J. Kolfe, Cambridge, Mass. 16mo. Cloth. 386 pages. Mailing Price, Sil.OO ; Introduction, 90 cents.
A N" exposition in regard both to the language or style of Shake- speare, and to the English language generally.
Shakspere's Versification.
Notes on Shakspere's Versification, with Appendix on the Verse Tests, and a short Descriptive Bibliography. By George H. Browne, A.M. 12mo. Paper. 34 pages. Price, interleaved, 25 cents.
Shakespeare and Chaucer Examinations.
Edited, with some remarks on the " Class-Room Study of Shakespeare," by William Taylor Thom, M.A., Professor of English in Hollins In- stitute, Va. Square ItJmo. Cloth. 346 pages. Mailing Price, §1.10; for introduction, .'gl.OO.
rpHIS is a revised and enlarged edition of the Two Shakespeare
Examinations, published several years and very much liked by
teachers of English Literature. That book contained two exami-
18
HIGHER E:SULISH.
nations held at IloUins Institute in 1881, on Ifmnlcl ; in 1882, on Macbeth, for the annual prize by the New Shakespeare Society of Enghand. Besides these, there are in the new edition the Exami- nations on King Lear (1883), on Othello (1884), on The Merchant of Venice (1886) ; a Chaucer Examination (1886), set chiefly by Professor Child, of Harvard University, and based upon the "Pro- logue," " The Knight's Tale," and the " Nun's Priest's Tale " of the Canterbury Tales j and some additional remarks on the Study of Shakespeare in Schools and in Shakespeare Reading Clubs.
W. M. Baskervill, Prof, in Vun- (Icrbilt Univrrsitii, in the^' Nashville American" : Mauy essays, newsjjaper articles, lectures, and papers on the teaching of English have in the last ten or fifteen years appeared, but we do not hesitate to give the palm to this book. It is eminently practical. Professor Thorn has availed himself of all the hints, suggestions, and methods offered by Hale, Hudson, Abbott, Rolfe, and others, and l)y means of a burning enthusiasm has, as every true teacher must do in order to win the highest success, shaped theory and practice into a perfect system of his own, from which he gets the best results. These ex- aminations give the high-water mark of the study of English in the col- leges of this country. . . . We heartily recommend these examinations to teachers. They are full of sugges- tive information. They will serve as admirable models.
Edward S. Joynes, Prof, of Eng- lish, South Carolina Coller/e, C'ohim- hia : This beautiful book is an honor to American .scholarship. I hope that American scholars will show a just appreciation of it.
Frank Eoane, Teacher of English LUcratufc, IIi;/h School, Lynchbnrf/, Va.: I fonnd the first edition of this little book most valuable and sug- gestive, and from even a cursory
examination I am assured of the en- hanced value of this one. For teach- ers and pupils just entering the field of Shakespearian study, — a class largely on the increase in our land, — this book will be fouml almost in- dispensable.
Francis J. Child, Prof, of Enr/lish, Harvard Uuiversiti/ : No one can fail to see that literature is taught at the Hollins Institute in a way altogether admirable. All the papers show knowledge, taste, and thought, and if anything remains to be added, it is that they are all well written. I agree with the author in all the important points of his paper on the study of Shakspere. Literature is the one indispensable study for women and for men, and Shakspere in literature. I mean by Shakspere about half his plays.
John F. Genung, Prof, of Rhet- oric, Amherst College : The great problem in the teaching of English literature is, how to combine the req- uisite thoroughness in detail on the one hand with the larger interest due to the spirit of the literature on the other. Professor Thorn's book outlines a method that, in my judg- ment, very happily solves this prob- lem ; and the really remarkable examination papers here published prove that the method has succeeded.
HIGHER ENGLISH.
19
Arnold's English Literature.
Historical and Critical.
With an Appendix on Englisli Metres, and Summaries of the Different Literary Periods. By Thomas Arnold, M.A., of University College, Oxford. American edition. Revised. 12mo. Cloth. 558 pages. Mail- ing Price, iPl.GS; Introduction (with or without the following pamphlet), $1.50; Allowance for old book, 40 cents.
The Anglo-Saxon and Norman Periods have been republished, from the fourth revised English edition, and can be furnished in paper bind- ing. Mailing Price, 30 cents; Introduction, 25 cents.
rpiIE student of this manual will receive just impressions of the relative value of names and books, as well as political and re- ligious influences. Indeed, the adjustment and arrangement of ma- terial are managed with wonderful dexterity and analytic clearness.
H. H. Morgan, Prin. of Hif/h that of the student ; for he would School, St. Louis, Mo.: I should lind much which could otherwise most fully recommend it to any be obtained only by extensive read- one whose interest in literature was ing.
First Two Boo/^s of Milton's Paradise Lost;
and Milton's Lycidas.
By HoJiER B. Spraoue^ Ph.D., formerly Principal of the Girls' High 198 pages. Mailing Price, 55 cents; In-
School, Boston. 12mo. Cloth troduction, 45 cents,
rilHIS edition furnishes convenient and suggestive notes, with excellent type and arrangement, and presents an approved formula for conducting class exercises. It omits fifteen or twenty objectionable lines.
William F. "Warren, President o/lme admirably adapted to its pur- Boston University : It seems to | pose.
A Hand-Book of Poetics.
For Students of English Verse. By Francis B. Gummere, Ph.D., Head Master of the Swain Free School, New Bedford, Mass., and for- merly Instructor in English in Harvard College. 12mo. Cloth, vi + 250 pages. Mailing Price, $;1.10; for Introduction, ^1.00.
rriHE book has three divisions, — Subject-Matter, Style, Metre. Each is treated from two points of view, — the historical, trac- ing the growth of different kinds of subject, of expression, or of
IITGHER ENGLISH.
rliythm ; and the theoretical, stating clearly the principles and laws of the matter discussed.
F. A. March, Prof, of English Lit- erature, La/ai/ette Coller/e: An ex- cellent book : a work of good sense and good tasto, and much learning ill small compass.
J. M. Garnett. Prof, of English Literature, University of Virginia : It has fulfilled my anticipations, and
it supplies a real deficiency in text- books. 1 do not know, anywhere in English, of a better treatment of the subject.
F. J. Child. Prof, of English, Har- vard College: I think you have an exceedingly fine book in Mr. Gum- mere's Poetics.
Outlines of the Art of Expression.
By J. H. GiLMORE, Professor of I^gic, Rhetoric, and English, in the University of Rochester, N.Y. 12mo. Cloth. 117 pages. Mailing Price, 65 cents ; Introduction, tJO cents.
A TREATISE on English Composition and Rhetoric, designed especially for Academies, High Schools, and the Freshman Class in Colleges.
Fulton and Trueblood's Cfioice Readings.
From Popular and Standard Authors.
Compiled and arran^^'cd by Robert I. Fulton and Thomas C. True- blood, Associate Founders and Directors of the University School of Oratory, Kansas City, Mo., and Teachers of Elocution in the Univ. of Mich., the Ohio Wesleyan Univ., the Kentucky Univ., and the Missouri State Univ. 12mo. 722 pages. By Mail, ^\X\ry\ Introduction, .^1.50. Presentation edition, .stamped cover, full gilt, fine paper, .'S4.(X) retail.
TTS distinctive feature is the number, variety, and interest of the pieces, classified according to their character, and covering the entire range of available selections. Indices are given to the best scenes from all the plays of Shakespeare, 139 choice readings from the Bible, and 150 hymns, — all classified. A com- plete diagram of the principles of vocal expression is added.
J. W. Churchill, Prof, of Elocu- tion, 2'heological Seminarij, An- dover, Mass. : The excellent purpose of the authors has been very success- fully accomplished, both in the ex- pository and illustrative material. The selections are interesting — some-
Wm. B. Chamberlain, Instructor in Elocution, Oberlin College, O.: They are choice indeed. I think I do not know of any collection repre- senting so many good authors and so well arranged. The indices, espe- cially that to scenes from Shake-
times through novelty, but more , speare, form a very valuable addition often because of their intrinsic wortiL to the volume. {June 11, 1885.)
PR Exodus (Anglo-Saxon poem)
1609 Caedmon's Exodus and
A3H8 Daniel 3d ed.
PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET
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