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EEC ce. gate ‘Pear .. » hee GA Z ia. € Dice SaePs oes | Aat. => Coronto brary 1 of the v of b = tt ~ oe + C therst Un Digitized by the Internet Archive In 2009 with funding from University of Toronto http://www.archive.org/details/canadianentomol40ento be Canadian Entomologist VOLUME XL. 1908. EDITED BY Ber JS. Bethune. M.A. D-C.LeE-R:S.C; Professor of Entomology, ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, GUELPH. EDITING COMMITTEE : Dr. J. Fletcher, Ottawa ; H. H. Lyman, Montreal; J. D. Evans, Trenton ; Prof. Lochhead, Macdonald College, P.Q.; and J. B. Williams, Toronto. London, GSntario: The London Printing and Lithographing Company, Limited 1908. LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS TO VOL. XL. ALDRICH, PROFESSOR J. M., University of Idaho...... ..... Moscow, IpaAuHo. [EVAN DR (SE Oe eS eee neneeene i Soc), tee Para, BRAZIL. RSPR cere a ALOE RAIN sn Seats Gate noe acai as sie 05 v8 5.06 Cae eSteeenE elmeine East Farts CHurRcH, Va. BEUTENMULLER, WILLIAM, American Museum of Nat. Hist. NEw YorK. PID. Ae TR PS oe a een nee ee ineedeeinonn... ic avonce Rye, N.Y. i BRADLEY, J. CHESTER, Cornell University... ..........sc00se0. Irnaca, N. Y. PELE ANID) VERT) Gi \\ 70 Cee en Scr MA cre Newark, N. J. BRODIE, DR... WM:, Educational Museum... ........000+eccce0edss TORONTO. EOIN Oe leuice De EAT ORRBY 25 <0. 55-002 nee elplersias cin ss tomes White Prains, N. Y. BUSCh AUGUSTE, U.S. National: Museum. .2..0.. <2... aeee Wasuineton, D. C. CAESAR, LAWSON, Ont. Agric. College. .......2.0.---.decevcees GueELpH, Ont. Casey COLONEL, THOMAS Ln... 5 cick ccllens gace- sce ceaene WasuHincTon, D. C. GAUDELL, A. Nz, U.S. National/Museumit. j2.2. cs... . cae eons Wasuincton, D. C. COCKERELL, PROF. T. D. A., University of Colorado.......... BouLper, CoLo. BELSON Werpen PORN olan sore ci ctcae tt al x enase) Seine ays meta ata ai tee vine oa 79;8'« 4 dE ne Kasto, B. C. COOK, JOHN H:, State Normal College........ ......0++++..-+- ALBANY, N. Y. CBOOTIDGE KARL, RAPINESOUED, .....:..c00cctacecreses sens Pato ALTO, CALIF. COQUILLETT, D. W., U.S. National Museum.................. Wasuincton, D. C. PCED INES EEN Sees han seh nw sicieiaic anne ocr oicanig ne Ntas o aoab ewe beeele ome TORONTO. GEROSBY, CYRUS R.,-Cornell University. 20... 5....00.s0008 -:- Iruaca, N. Y. SPC TRS EUING JO iim 0S aos eyo oe eed BA oe cae TM: + eee Ursana, ILt. MEP EmINEPLVWANUDIES et, 2 1nd. sama e Lae oe iw Hoke to 'eelens oer es MONTREAL. MAME alec avy. sstantord. University.) 2's... oc) 5s ecde ees cicrw eee ve CALIFORNIA. PREP) MeL AV OEE Vie tos. 28s ohn taw ents Bee eu csecee eed whe ss MILLARVILLE, ALBERTA. Meee El, ay, Us: National Museum.:..%.. 0 ss0s0-2000 Wasuincton, D. C. Eo ILI CSV i D0 NOS Repos doe er oer Co ReeE Ceres KRAGERO, Norway. ESSE , LS USS RON ee a! i oe ree PitTsBuRG, Pa. FERNALD, PROF. C.-H., Agricultural College................: AMHERST, Mass. FLETCHER, DR. JAMES, Experimental Farm.................- OTTAWA. FOLSOM, PROF. JUSTUS WATSON, University of Illinois. .... Urspana, ILL. PED IETEG EY WV oi Jog Royle ore lew ce cin eas c's See od etter cee PHILADELPHIA. GIBSON, ARTHUR, Central Experimental Farm...............-: Orrawa. GILLETTE, PROF. C. P., State Agric. College. :....25...:....0% Fort Cottins, Coto. cui INE CL, ROR DY CB tio. cucans tat ean eceme aaa: side Slee PASADENA, CALIF. HAMPSON, SIR GEORGE F., British Museum.....,............ Lonpon, ENGLAND. ALLEGAN TTLE i) B17 22) Cad ©) fl Ra 3 pe mR CARTWRIGHT, MANITOBA. HINE, PROF. JAMES S., Ohio State University............-.... CoLtumBus, OHIo. ERE ree ROU AS ee ee or oc sac veto nrhe te Sekee meeae le cee Ursana, ILL. HOUGHTON, C..O.; Agric. Exper. Station. ......5.....05000+0000. Newark, DEL. HOWARD, DR. L. O., Director, Bureau of Entomology.......... WasuinctTon, D. C. JARVIS, TENNYSON D., Ont. Agric. Collegt....5.....-c..25-++ GUELPH, OnrT. Jobe TEL O Edy OWV6 "1 Dae ee ira Nr a ee ee ee Monrcrair, N. J. KIRKALDY, GEORGE W., Sugar Planters’ Assoc.............. Honotutu, Hawaan Ist. KNAB, FREDERICK, U.S. National Museum...... ........... WasuincTon, D. C. SYS en ae ee Foe. cet aes McPuerson, KANSAS. LUDLOW, MISS C. S., Army Medical Museum............ .... WasuinctTon, D, C. Meee IN IED RSV TED ee Cine, 2 ere cpa raicictos aae me dasionocioate cee nses MONTREAL. MACGILLIVRAY, PROF. A. D., Cornell University ............. IrHaca, N. Y. PED Eau pine SC PUNOV RCE © LS 28y 0 casa sade a sigis ns 0's, 000's's bineig veislose eels asia. «viv Oviepo, FLoripa. MITCHELL, MISS EVELYN G., U.S. National Museum ...... Wasuinoton, D. C. PUMA Bs E FOR LOLS Lo. Ds Peo roini, aes «sv ped apts ree’ ces Port Hope, Onr. MOL, ke. J. A. Linity Collese School: 25.2 :..d2c00e-e0c2 50005 Port Hope, Onr. OSBURN, RAYMOND C., Columbia University .................. New York. PLETAL DEST 2d 1G 8 W752 DC ee Brook yy, N. Y. BREA MSS A ost iyd Soir x eee eee Nolen coe SER W ORIOLE Sone awe bala s GARDINER, MAINE. ROHWER, S. A., University of Colorado...............0002e000 . BouLpErR, COoLo. SKINNER, DR. HENRY, Academy of Natural Sciences .......... PHILADELPHIA. SEOSSON, MRS. ANNIE TRUMBULL 220. ccc... soe sees New York. SMELL, PROF. JOHN B., Rutgers College’... .-...3...:00%. 3s New Brunswick, N. J. DUBE Le Loy A en a ee MALDEN, Mass. PMO wv. GERORGE- W. ... 55.6 cccenceonseee ss eee + APA WELLINGTON, B. C. VAN DUZEE, E..P), Grosvenor Library... .:.cscesecscsccecvess BurFao, N, Y, WALKER. DR. E. M., University of Toronto.......2......+.00:+ ToronrTo. WASHBURN, F. L,, State Entomologist..............0.seeeeee0- St. ANTHONY PARK, MINN. UU STO)s eS) DR ee eee ee = ee New York. WELLMAN, DR, F, CREIGHTON, U.S. National Museum ..... Wasuincron, D. C. WINN, ALFRED F Westmount, P. Q. INDIANAPOLIS, IND, s The G anadtiay Entomologist VoL. XL. LONDON, JANUARY, 1908. No. tf. BRITISH COLUMBIA SYRPHIDAZ, NEW SPECIES AND ADDI- TIONS TO THE LIST. BY RAYMOND C. OSBURN, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, NEW YORK. In a former paper (Can. Ent., Vol.. XXXVI, Aug.—Sept., 1904) the writer recorded seventy-eight species in this family of Diptera for British Columbia, and suggested that a complete list would probably include twice that number. Undoubtedly that estimate was far too small, if the number of species which have been added in three years by a little sporadic collecting is any criterion. With the present additions the list is swelled to more than one hundred and twenty-five. With the exception of ten species of my own collecting not recorded in my former paper on account of uncertainty of determination, and nine species added by Messrs. Currie and Dyar, of the U. S. National Museum, the material for this additional list has been taken by local entomologists. Especial reference must be made to the exceilent work of Prof. R. V. Harvey, of Queen’s School, Vancouver, to whose careful collecting twenty-two of the additions are due. The remainder were taken by Messrs J. W. -Cockle, of Kaslo ; R. S. Sherman, of Vancouver, and A. W. Hanham. In 1906 Messrs. Harvey and Sherman made a tour through the Hope Mts. and along the Nicolum River, securing a fine lot of specimens. In 1903 Messrs. H. G. Dyar, R. P. Currie and A. N. Caudell, of the U. S. National Museum, collected in the Kootenay country, and incidentally took forty-one species of Syrphide and added nine species to the B. C. list. Mr. D. W. Coquillett has identified this collection, and very kindly turned over the results to me for publication in the following list. The species resting entirely on his identification are so accredited in the list. My thanks are due to Mr. Coquillett for permission to study carefully the collection of Syrphidz, containing many of the type specimens, in the National Museum. 1. Microdon tristis, Loew. The form ¢ristis taken at Kaslo, June s, 1906, by R. P. Currie, and again by J. W. Cockle on June 5, 1906. The form cothurnatus was recorded in our previous list, Lo THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 2. Micredon viridis, Townsend. Ainsworth, July 11, 1903, by R. P. Currie, and Vancouver, June 11, 1904, by R. V. Harvey. 7 3. Microdon marmoratus, Bigot. A single specimen taken at Vernon, Aug. 14, 1904, by R. V. Harvey. 4. Chrysotoxum ypsilon, Williston. Kaslo, June 5, 1903, by H. G. Dyar. (Identification by Coquillett.) 5. Pipiza pisticoides, Williston. Taken at Kaslo by Mr. Currie on various occasions ranging from June 12 to July 20, and by Mr. Cockle, June 30, 1906. 6. Pipiza nigripilosa, Williston. A single male specimen taken at Vancouver, June 21, 1904, by Harvey, differs from eastern specimens in having the eyes dark pilose instead of light pilose, but otherwise the agreement is very close. 7. Pipiza guadrimaculata, Panzer. Five specimens taken at Vancouver, July 2, 1906, by R. V. Harvey and R. S. Sherman. This European species has not been recorded from North America until very recently. In ‘ Psyche” for August, 1907, Mr. C. W. Johnson notes its capture at North Mountain, Penn., and Mt. Greylock, Mass. The species thus evidently furnishes another example of circumpolaz distribution to be added to the already long list among the Syrphidz. It is easily distinguished from other American species of the genus by the two interrupted yellow cross-bands on the abdomen, forming the four spots which suggest the specific name. 8. Chilosia chalybescens, Williston. Grouse Mt., July 1, 1904, one specimen by R. V. Harvey. 9. Chilosia occidentalis, Williston. Two specimens by R V. Harvey, one from the Hope Mts., July 24, 1906, the other at Vancouver, Tune 22, 1906. 10. Chilosia hoodiana, Bigot. One female specimen from Similkameen, July 20, 1906, by R. V. Harvey, I place here, though it shows some differences. The yellow of the knees (“ geniculis tibiarumqueé basi, fulvis,” Bigot) is almost wanting, and the fourth abdominal segment is entirely shining. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 3 11. Chilosia alaskensis, Hunter.* Port Renfrew, July 3, toor, and Glacier, July 20, 1901, R. C. Osburn ; Vancouver, May 6, 1905, R. V. Harvey, and June 5, 1906, R. S. Sherman. 12. Chilosia pallipes, Loew. Four specimens, all females, have the characters given by Loew for the species, “‘ humeri lutei, scutellum luteum” (Cent. Quarta, No. 70). Glacier, Aug. 20, 1902, R. C. Osburn ; Goldstream, July 19, 1904; and Similkameen, July 20, 1906, R. V. Harvey. I must admit that I am not able to separate from this species by any definite characters a much larger number of specimens, of which a majority, and notably all the males, fall unquestionably into C. ¢rést/s, Loew. Williston at one time placed ¢r/st7s as a synonym of pal/ipes (Syn. N. A. Syrphide, p. 41), but later retracted his statement (¢é/¢, appendix, p. 293). Iam strongly inclined to the opinion that he was right in the first place, as the humeral and scutellar lutescent markings are extremely variable in extent in my specimens, and in some cases are entirely wanting. The legs also vary in the amount of yellow, and the shape of the first posterior cell may show variation even between the two wings of the same specimen. It is a very significant fact also that the male of pad/ipes has never been described. Pending more complete study of this question, however, I enumerate the following under ¢r/s/7s - 13. Chilosia tristis, Loew. Seventeen specimens in all taken as follows: Port Renfrew, July 6, tgor, and Field, July 19, rg01, R. C. Osburn; Goldstream, July rg, 1904; ‘Vancouver, Sept. 24, 1904, and Similkameen, July 20, 1906, R. V. Harvey. ‘Taken also at Kaslo, June to and July 2, 1903, R. P. Currie. (Banff, Alberta, July 17, 1901, R. C. Osburn.) 14. Chilosia nigripennis, Williston. Port Renfrew, June 29, 1901, R.C. Osburn, and Vancouver, May 27, 1905, R. V. Harvey. *It is worthy @f note that this species has recently been shown to be the cause of the timber blemish known as ‘‘ Black Check”’ in the Western Hemlock. The young larva enters an opening made in the bark by a tiny bark beetle (Hylesinus sp.), and develops beneath the bark, forming an unsightly scar. Another species, C. oodiana, attacks the White or Lowland Fir in the same manner. These facts put a somewhat different economic aspect on the Syrphidz as a whole, as they have hitherto been considered entirely harmless or beneficial. For the work and interesting life-histories of these two Chilosias see Circular No. 61, U. S. Dept. Agriculture, entitled ‘‘ Black Check in the Western Hemlock,” by Mr. H. E. Burke. 4 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 15. Chilosia plumosa, Coquillett. A single specimen taken by the writer at Glacier, Aug. 20, IgoT, seems, after comparison with the type, to belong here without question. The species was described from Ormsby Co., Nevada, and has not to my knowledge been recorded elsewhere. 16. Chilosia cyanea, Hunter. Port Renfrew, July 5, 1901, one specimen taken by the writer. 17. Chilosia sp. Two female specimens taken at Hope Mts., July 19, 1906, and at Similkameen, July 20, 1906, by R. V. Harvey. These may be the undescribed female of some species of Chi/osia already known from the male, but I am not able to fit them in anywhere. I hesitate to give them a new name in such a difficult group. The antenne are plumose and dark in colour; scutellum with bristly hairs; tubercle much as in C. ¢ristis, body metallic-black, with very short yellowish pile ; legs black, yellowish at the knees ; length, 7 to 8 mm. 18. Chilosta sp. One female taken at Field, July 18, 1902, by the writer. The antenne are lacking, and I cannot place it in any species known to me. 19. Melanostoma coerulescens, Williston. Kaslo, July 2, rg03, R. P. Currie. (Determined by Coquillett.) 20. Melanostoma trichopus, Thompson. Nicolum River at Hope, July 14, 1906, and Vancouver, July 7, 1906, Two specimens, by R. S. Sherman. (Melanostoma concinnum, Snow. Banff, Alberta, July 17, t901. One specimen by R. C. Osburn.) 21. Syrphus glacialis, Johnson. Vancouver, March, 9; Mission, April 4, and Hope Mts., July 19, 1906, by R. V. Harvey. The species was described frow Alaska. 22. Syrphus geniculatus, Macquart. Grouse Mt., July 3, 1904, and Vancouver, June 16, 1906, R. V. Harvey. 23. Syrphus genualis, Williston. Glacier, Aug. 20, 1902, R. C. Osburn, and Kaslo, June 4, 1904, J. W. Cockle. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 5 24. Syrphus quinguelimbatus, Bigot. _A single male specimen taken at Mt. Cheam, Aug. 6, 1903, by R. VY. Harvey, and one female in the U. S. National Museum from Mr. Cogquillett’s collection, taken by W. H. Danby, and labeled merely “ Br. Columbia.” This species was described from a single female specimen from California (Ann. Soc, Ent. France, 1884, gt), and has not since been mentioned. The male taken by Harvey is sufficiently like the female in the National Museum, and agrees well enough with Bigot’s description, so that there can be little doubt as to its identity.. The last two abdominal bands on the posterior margins of segments 4 and 5 are wanting in the male. This is the only important difference in the sexes. 25. Syrphus disjectus, Williston. Two female specimens taken by Harvey, Hope Mts., July 18, 1906, compare well with Williston’s description of the male. They also agree with the female which Snow (Notes and descriptions of Syrphidz, Kansas Univ. Quart., July, 1892) lists from Colorado, in having whitish pile and light-coloured lateral margins on the thorax. 26. Syrphus insolitus, sp. nov. (Fig. 1.) Male.—Face, front and cheeks entirely shining bronze-black, with no indication of yellowish ; with black pile on the face, front and vertex. Face and front rather swollen, the former nearly perpendicular below the antenne ; tubercle broadly rounded, not prominent. Antenne dark brown, yellowish below on second and third joints. Occiput with black pile above and yellowish pile below. Thorax bronze-black, with light yellow pile on the sides and black and yellow mixed on the disc (in one specimen the whole disc is covered with black pile, and that on the sides is reddish). Scutellum yellow, with dark reflections, the extreme base black. Abdomen: first segment black, shining; segments 2, 3 and 4 opaque-black except the outer posterior angles, which are shining black, yellow as follows: a pair of spots on the middle of segment 2 attenuated at both ends and reaching forward at the outer ends to the margin, bands of the third and fourth segments entire, attenuated at their ends and nearly or quite reaching the lateral margins ; segment 4 narrowly yellow on the posterior margin, and segment 5 with an inconspicuous yellow spot on the anterior outer angle. Hypopygium shining black. Legs: first and second pairs yellow, bases of the femora black ; third pair dark, the kneés lightef. Halteres yellow. Wings nearly transparent, slightly tinged with dark, stigma dark brown. Length 7 to 8 mm. (/mso/ttus = unusual), 6 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 4a. Frc. 1.—1, Syrphus insolitus, n. sp., Head of male ; 2, Syrphus conjunctus, n. sp., Head of male; 3, Nanthogramma tenuts, n. sp., Head of female ; 4, Arctophila Harveyi, n. sp., Head of male; ga, wing of female; 5, Sphecomyia occidentalis, n. sp., Head of male; 6, Sphecomyia nasica, n. sp., Head of male. Three males taken at Vancouver, April 13, 1906, by Mr. R. V. Harvey. The species is easily distinguished from S. gracé/is, Coquillett, which also has a shining black face, by the presence of three yéllow cross-bands on the abdomen instead of one, by the yellow anterior legs and by the facial tubercle, which is low instead of prominent. I THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 27. Syrphus conjunctus, sp.nov. (Fig. 2.) Male.—Face dark yellow, descending almost perpendicularly to the small tubercle, cheeks shining black, the black continued around in front and up over the tubercle to the middle of the face, but interrupted behind the mouth on the oral margin by yellow; front and vertex black, the former with yeilow pollen except near the antennz. Pile of face, front and vertex black. Antenne dark, third joint lighter below. Occiput with yellow pile. Thorax shining bronze-black, with some yellowish pollen on the disc, and with yellow pile, Scutellum large, waxy-yellow, pile yellow, with a fringe of dark hairs on the margin. Abdomen black, segment 1 shining, 2 opaque, 3 opaque except the lateral borders, 4 mostly shining, 5 and the hypopygium entirely shining; three broad yellow bands occupying the anterior half of the segments, on segment 2 the band is interrupted and the spots forming it are rounded at their inner ends and attenuated at their outer ends, where they attain the margin of segment ; on segments 3 and 4 the cross-bands are complete, but are so deeply incised behind at the middle that they appear at first glance to be interrupted, each half evenly rounded behind, and attenuated at the outer end, where it attains the margin of the segment ; segments 4 and 5 are margined with yellow posteriorly, and the outer anterior angles of 5 are yellow. Pile of abdomen mostly black, but yellow on the first two cross- bands. Anterior and middle legs reddish-yellow, black at the extreme base of the femora, and the tarsi infuscated ; hind legs reddish-brown; a broad dark band covers most of the femur, and the distal three-fourths of the tibia and the tarsi dark. Halteres yellow. Wings hyaline, slightly ‘infuscate anteriorly, stigma brown. Length, 8 mm. (conj7unctus = joined, referring to the apparently inter- rupted abdominai cross-bands). Described from one male specimen taken at Hope, on the Nicolum River, July 14, 1906, by R. V. Harvey. ‘Evidently related to S. macudaris, Zetterstedt, but differs in having the eyes bare, and the black of the face and legs much more restricted, while abdominal bands 2 and 3 are incised but not interrupted. 28. Syrphus sp. A somewhat teneral female, Glacier, Aug. 20, 1902, R. C. Osburn, I am not able to place in any species known to me. 29. Xanthogramma divisa, Williston. One female taken by R. V. Harvey at Vernon, Aug. 14, 1904. 8 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 30. Xanthogramma tenuis, sp. nov. (Fig. 3.) Female.—Face, cheeks and oral margin yellow, the yellow continued above on the sides of the front to the vertex. Vertex and middie of the front nearly to the antenne bronze-black. Pile very fine and delicate, that of the face whitish, of the front and vertex black. The- contour of the face below the antenne is straight to the tubercle, which is rounded and moderately prominent. Thorax bronze-black, the lateral stripes yellowish, rather obscure ; a large obscure whitish patch on the pleura, Scutellum yellow, with dark reflections, the anterior angles blackish. Pile of the thorax and scutellum yellowish, very delicate. Abdomen black, somewhat shining, yellow as follows: a spot on each side of segment 1, cross-bands on the anterior part of segments 2, 3, 4 and 5 interrupted at the middle and reaching the margin broadly ; segments 5 and 6 very narrowly yellow on the posterior border. Legs yellow, a broad dark ring on the hind and middle femora and tibiz, and the hind tarsi infuscated. Halteres yellow. Wings hyaline, stigma yellow. Length, 7 mm., a weak-looking, delicate species (¢enmuis = slender). One specmen taken by Mr. R. V. Harvey in the Hope Mts., July 27, | 1906. This species resembles most S. emarginata, Say, but differs from it in the facial contour, the interrupted abdominal cross-bands, the smaller size and more slender form. 31. LZoxomerus (Mesogramma) boscit, Macquartt. Kaslo, June 11, 1903, H. G. Dyar. (Identified by Coquillett.) This species, formerly known only from south-eastern North America, has recently been recorded by Chagnon from Montreal, and by Washbern from Minnesota. 32. Hammerschmidtia ferruginea, Fallen. Kaslo, June 15, 1903, R. P. Currie, and June 14, 1906, J. W. Cockle. The specimen taken by Mr. Cockle is much darker than any others I have seen, so much so that its general aspect is dark instead of reddish. On closer inspection in strong light the ground colour appears through the darker pigment. A specimen from Ft. Morrison, Colorado, in the U.S. National Museum, is intermediate in colour. 33. Brachyopa notata, O. Sacken. . April 13, 1906, at Vancouver, ten specimens taken at cherry bloom by R. V. Harvey; April 28, 1906, R. S. Sherman. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 9 34. Arctophila Harveyi, sp. nov. (Figs. 4, 4a.) Male.—Face yellow, with fine yellow pile; a shining black stripe descends from the base of the antenne over the tubercle, which is quite small, to join with the black shining oral margin and cheeks. Front black, thickly whitish pollinose, and with short black pile. Antenne reddish, third joint quadrangular, the corners rounded; arista basal, plumoSe. The antennz are inserted on black ground. Vertex black, shining, with black pile. Thorax and scutellum black, shining, covered with a thick coat of pile, which is yellowish on the pleura and anterior two-thirds of the thoracic dorsum, but jet black on the posterior third and the scutellum ; a fringe of light pile projects from underneath the scutellum behind. Abdomen black, shining, tip of the fourth segment margined with red ; pile of the second segment black, that of the third mixed black and yellowish, that of the remaining segments yellowish. Legs black, knees reddish-brown, tips of tibiz and basal joints of tarsi lighter ; pile of legs abundant, mostly black. Halteres piceous. Wings hyaline, with an ill-defined, dilute brownish cloud about the base of the submarginal cell ; stigma yellow; third vein entirely straight. Female.—Similar to the male in all essential respects. The pile of the front and vertex is yellow, intermixed with a few black hairs on the vertex. On the thorax the yellow pile extends back almost to the scutellum. The legs are slightly lighter in colour. Length, 13 to 15 mm. Described from one male taken on Mt. Cheam, Aug. 11, 1903, and one female from Hope, July 12, 1906. Both specimens were taken by Mr. R. Valentine Harvey, after whom I take pleasure in naming the species. The genus Arctophila has heretofore been known in America by only one species, A. flagrans, O. S., and in Europe by two species, 4. bombiformis, Fallen, and A. mussitans, Fabricius. From all of these 4. Harveyi differs in having the third vein entirely straight. Otherwise it conforms closely to the generic description. A. Harveyi can be distinguished at once from fagrans by the black pile of the thorax and by the black facial stripe. 35. Eristalis Meigenii, Weidemann. One female from Vernon, Sept, 9, 1904, and a male from the same locality, Aug. 15, 1906, both taken by R, V. Harvey. 10 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 36. Helophilus similis, Macquart. Kaslo, June 3, 1903, H. G. Dyar, and July 20, 1903, R. P. Currie ; Vernon, Aug. 15, 1904, R. V. Harvey. 37. Helophilus conostomus, Williston, One specimen taken by Harvey at Vernon, Auz. 12, 1904. 38. Helophilus porcus, Walker. As far as I am aware this species has never been recorded since Walker described it (List, etc., ILI, 551), and recorded it for the Hudson Bay Territory. Osten Sacken (Cat. Dipt., 250, note 235) says: “It is represented in the British Museum by two (male and female) specimens. I have never seen it elsewhere.” There are in the U. S. National Museum three unrecorded specimens, one male from Ottawa, Canada, and a male and female from North Mt., Pennsylvania, taken June 8 by Mr. C. W. Johnson. The specimen in my possession, from British Columbia, was taken at Kaslo by Mr. J. W. Cockle (date not given). The species, though apparently rare, seems to be of wide distribution through boreal America. 39. Merodon eguestris, Fabricius. This species has been taken previously a number of times in America, but it has always been assumed that it was in each case an accidental introduction from Europe in plant bulbs in which the larvee live. The occurrence of the species in several localities, and especially the number taken in British Columbia, make it seem certain that it properly belongs to our North American fauna. Mr. Harvey has taken numerous specimens at Vancouver, frequenting especially the flowers of the Salmon-berry (Rubus spectabilis ). 40. Xylota marginalis, Williston. A male of this species taken by Harvey at Duncan, April 19, 1906, agrees in all respects with Williston’s type from the White Mts. of New Hampshire. The species has also been taken in New York, but never before in the west. 41. Lerdinandea (Chrysochlamys) croesus, O. Sacken. A male of this fine species was taken by Harvey at Victoria, June 8, 1906, on a flower of the Yellow Hawk-weed (Hieracium). The species has previously been known from Utah and Washington southward. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ik 42. Criorhina Coguillett:, Williston. One female taken by Mr. J. W. Cockle at Kaslo, April 30, 1906. The female lacks the bronze of the thorax and abdomen, and has bunches of yellow pile on the anterior “ corners ” of the abdomen, and is also somewhat larger, measuring 13 mm. Otherwise it agrees closely with Williston’s description of the male from southern California. The U. S. National Museum has a specimen from Hequiam, Washington, collectéd by Mr. Burke. 43. Criorhina armillata, O. Sacken. Kaslo, June 18, and Bear Lake, July 21, 1903, R. P. Currie; Van- couver, April 13, 1906, on cherry bloom, by R. V. Harvey. _ 44. Brachypalpus sorosis, Williston. ; Kaslo, June 12, 1903, one specimen by R. P. Currie. (Identified by Coquillett.) 45. Brachypalpus parvus, Williston. One male and three females from Quamichan Lake by A. W. Han- ham, and one female from Kaslo by J. W. Cockle. These specimens agree closely with Williston’s description of the male from Colorado, the only previous record for the species as far as I am aware. ‘The only point of any importance in which they disagree from the description is in the presence of short bristles on the under side of the hind femora, but for that matter so do my specimens of B. Re/eyz, Williston, from Ohio, so that this is either a matter of variation in both species or else Professor Williston overlooked the point in his descriptions. The female is similar to the male, but the pile of the body is lighter in colour, and while in the male there are a few black hairs intermixed with the yellow on the vertex and thorax, in the female there is no black pile. The yellow of the legs is more extensive inthe female. In size my specimens range from 7 to to mm. 46. Zemnostoma egualis, Loew. One male at Kaslo, July 17, 1906, by’ Mr. J. W. Cockle. 47. Lemnostoma alternans, Loew. Kaslo, July 21, 1903, by Mr. J. W. Cockle. (Identified by _ Coguillett.) 48. Sphecomytia brevicornis, O. Sacken. Three specimens, one male and two females, taken at Kaslo, May 6 and 26, 1905, by Mr. J. W. Cockle. The female, which has not hitherto 12 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. been described, agrees with the male in every particular, except, of course, the separation of the eyes. My specimens measure considerably larger than those of Osten Sacken, being 14 to 15 mm. The species has here- tofore been known only from California. 49. Sphecomyia occidentalis, sp. nov. (Fig. 5.) Male.—Head shaped about as in S. drevicornis, but the tubercle is fuller and more rounded, and the face more concave below the antenne. Cheeks and oral margin shining black. Face entirely covered with dense yellow pollen, which is continued above around the base of the antennal prominence. This prominence, which is shining black, points forward as in S. drevicornis, and is not tilted upward as in S. viftata. The antenne are brownish-black, with a black, bare, basal arista; the first two antennal joints are about equal in length, the third somewhat longer and nearly as broad as long, rounded below and nearly straight above, the upper outer corner being quite angular. Pile of vertex black. Thorax black, shining, with black pile intermixed with some yellow, and with yellowish markings as follows : in front, on either side of the midline is a small spot which is continued backward as a faint line, on the humerus another rounded spot, and on the transverse suture another, an elongate spot above the postalar callosities, and a transverse line in front of the scutellum, which in some specimens is connected with a faint mid-dorsal line ; on the mesopleura is an oval spot, and under it on the sternapleura a smaller round spot. The scutellum is entirely black, with black pile above and yellow on the sides. Abdomen black, with yellow bands and yellow pile. The bands are as follows: A rather narrow band on the posterior margin of segments 1 to 4, a broader interrupted band across the middle of the black portion of segments 2 to 4 (on segment 4 of some specimens this band is near the anterior margin of the segment, and it may be connected slightly with the posterior band at the lateral margin) ; all the bands reach the margin. On the venter there are yellow cross-bands, interrupted at the middle, on the anterior margin of segments 2 to 4, The hypopygium is black, with some yellow pollen and with black and yellow pile. Legs yellowish, the femora all brown except the tip, the posterior pair lighter than the others ; tibia with a brownish ring about the middle, most distinct on the anterior pair, sometimes entirely wanting; distal tarsi infuscated. Wings clouded with brownish, especially along the veins, stigma yellowish-brown, Halteres yellow. Female.—Similar to male in all essential respects. The fifth segment of the abdomen is marked like the fourth. The front is considerably THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, #3 wider than the vertex, while in the male the eyes are narrowly separated. There is a shining black facial stripe extending rather broadly from the tubercle to the base of the antennal prominence, and extending narrowly above to the insertion of the antenne, and below to the oral margin, where, however, it is not continuous with the black of the cheeks. Length, 13 to 14 mm. (occidentalis = western). Described from eight males and one female taken as follows: Glacier, Aug. 21, 1902, R. C. Osburn ; Vancouver, May 2, 1903; May 9, 1903 (the female) ; April 23, 1904; April 28, 1906, and Grouse Mt., July 19, 1903, R. V. Harvey ; Vancouver, April 21, 1906, and Mission, April 13, 1906, R. S. Sherman ; Hoquiam, Washington, April 29, 1904, H. E. Burke. (The Jast mentioned was kindly lent me by Mr. Coquillett, of the U.S. National Museum.) Mr. Harvey notes the capture of his specimens on blossoms of Vaccinium parvifiorum, in company with wasps. The specimen taken by myself was mentioned in my former list (Can. Ent., Vol. XXXVI, Sept., 1904, p. 262) as doubtfully belonging to S. Pattoni, Will. Since then the study of better material, and especially a comparison with the type specimen of /attoni, show it to be entirely different. The absence of a facial stripe in the male, the entirely black scutellum, and the colour markings of the thorax and scutellum (which appear to be very constant) easily distinguish the species. 50. Sphecomyia nasica, sp. nov. (Fig. 6) Male.—Head a trifle broader than the thorax. Face produced downward, deeply concave below the antennal prominence, the lower part of the face with the tubercle projecting prominently forward and down- ward. Face and front covered with a dense coat of yellowish pollen, the black ground colour appearing on the forward projecting antennal prominence. Cheeks shining black. Antenne very short, scarcely more than half of the vertical length of the eye; third joint considerably broader than long, brownish-black, and with a long and rather stout black arista. Vertex shining black, with black pile. Eyes narrowly separated. Thorax black, shining, with short black pile, which is intermixed with yellowish anteriorly, bunches of yellow pile on the pleura and postalar callosities; a distinct yellowish pollinose spot on the humerus, and a fainter one adjoining it above, an oval spot on mesopleura and a rounded one below this. Scutellum entirely bronze-black, with yellow pile. Abdomen slightly narrower than thorax, the sides nearly parallel, black, yellow pilose, and marked with yellow as follows: on segment 1 the shining 14 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. black is partly obscured by yellow pollen, segments 2, 3 and 4 each with one cross-band of moderate width, situated somewhat nearer the base of the segment, the band on segment 2 is interrupted at the middle, and does not reach the margin. while the others are entire, and attain the. lateral margin. The extreme posterior margin of segment 2 is shining, and also the lateral margins, leaving an H-shaped velvety-black area ; segments 3 and 4 are velvety-black in front of the cross-band and shining behind it. Hypopygium shining black. Venter with yellow cross-bands on segments 2 and 3. Femora black except narrowly at the knees ; tibize yellow, with a dark spot on distal half; the front and middle tarsi have the basal joints yellow and the distal joints dark, the posterior tarsi are - dusky, with the distal joints darker. Halteres yellow. Wings brownish, especially toward the costal border. Length, 13 mm. (#asica =referring to the nose). Described from a single specimen taken in the Hope Mts., July 27, 1906, by Mr. R. S. Sherman. To include the new species of Sphecomyia, I have amended Willis- ton’s table (Synopsis N. A. Syrphidz, p. 257) as follows 1. Antenne very long, third joint short................ om vittata. Antenne shorter than head...... 026) p Selon wala Sid) 5-ar Sea a 2. Scutellum yellow at base ; a complete black facial stripe from antennze to oral margin ....... : » wee woes. Scutellum entirely black ; ‘fama snipe Sata in ian [eed is in one female of occidentalis a stripe which is attenuated at both ends) .. 3. Yellow cross-bands of abdomen very broad ............ eee Cross-bands narrow. ss oa» 00 mie rn 4. Abdominal segments 2 to 4 ees with b two Fellas cross-bands... .v rcs : w sees Occtdentalts. Abdominal segments with oie one lone cross: ee -. + Masica. ARGYNNIS ASTARTE, NOUBL.-HEW. BY HENRY SKINNER, M.D., PHILADELPHIA. This was the butterfly we did not get. Dr. James Fletcher and the writer arrived at Lake Louise, in the Rocky Mountains of Alberta, on the second day of August. One of the insects we were most anxious to obtain was Argynnis astarte, described in 1848, and not rediscovered until 1888. Dr. Fletcher said Mr. Bean had taken the species on the THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 15 very summit of Mt. St. Piran, so we made the ascent of that peak. When we arrived at the rocky top, the temperature was below freezing and snow was falling and the wind blowing a fearful gale. Dr. Fletcher captured a specimen of Chionobas Beanii ata time when the sun shone through a break in the clouds. A butterfly came toward me as though it had started from the South Pole, and when I raised my net to make a stroke it turned and made for the North Pole, and, as far as I know, never stopped until it reached there. I feel sure it was actarte. The weather continued bad during our brief stay in the mountains, and we did not get this interesting species. It is said in a general way that the species is found about the tops of the Rocky Mountains of Canada, and this article is a contribution towards our knowledge of its habitat. It is quite interesting, and perhaps important, to know the exact places where species are found. Mr. Bean says it occurs on a mountain, three miles south-west of Laggan, 8,500 ft. altitude, and on a low smooth mountain directly north of Laggan. He also says it occurred at Lake Agnes in 1892. Mrs. Nicholl says: ‘“ Everywhere Brenthis astarte was to be seen, though not generally to be caught, on every peak over 8,000 ft.” The males haunt the summits, and the females are to be found on the highest gtassy slopes. Mrs. Nicholl- records it from Glacier Crest, Selkirk Mountains. Mrs, Chas. Scheffer recently presented two specimens to the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, which were taken on Mt. Athabasca (7,200 ft. alt.?). She says it has also been taken on Mt. Temple, above the saddle. Mr. Wolley Dod records it from Devil’s Lake, near Banff. Mr. N. Sanson captured a specimen on Sulphur Mountain at Banff. From the above records, where shoulda collector go to get the species? It is no joke to climb these mountains, and one cannot step from the top of one to the top of another on the basis that they are flying around nearly all the peaks over 8,000 ft. altitude. Some of the localities mentioned are exact and some are not. It would be far better to give the names of the peaks where any butterfly is found, and if possible the altitude of the place of capture. Mr. Bean gives a very interesting account of the altitudes where he worked, but does not name the peaks. Perhaps they were not named when he was at Laggan.* I wish to pay tribute to the valuable work done by Mr. Bean in making known the butterfly fauna of this region. *This was actually the case with most of the mountains at Laggan in 1890, when Mr, Bean rediscovered A, as/arte,—|Ep. C. E, 16 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. NOTE ON PLUSIA PRECATIONIS AT PETUNIA BLOSSOMS. BY A. F. WINN, WESTMOUNT. * During the past summer the Westmount Park gardener devoted to Petunias a circular bed about 20 feet in diameter, and knowing the fond- ness of the Plusias for the blossoms of this plant, I paid a little attention to it, my original intention being to see how many species I would find visiting it. The flowers were of the old-fashioned single kinds, small blossoms, but hundreds of them, and were of three colours: first, a deep magenta or purple ; second, a pale, washed-out looking variety of same, and third, pure white. My first visit was on August 17, before dusk, and I had not long to wait, as while it was still quite light two Plusias appeared and quickly took a head-first plunge into the funnel-shaped blooms. They were easily boxed, and proved to be both P. grecationis. A number of others soon followed, flying about among the blossoms, and I was struck with an unexpected circumstance, that they were all selecting the dark-coloured blooms. This seemed remarkable, as white colour in flowers has been considered a sort of special guide for crepuscular and night-flying moths. The colour of the Plusias matched so well that of the blooms in the now fading light, that I wondered whether, when darkness actually set in, the moths would adjourn to the white blooms, so walked around and around the bed, watching developments, doubtless to the amusement or mystification of the park frequenters. After a while a moth fluttered over the bed, and went boldly into a white blossom. I tried to box it, but was in too great a hurry and missed, but saw that it was no Plusia. Next moment I had it, or another —Cucullia intermedia. There were soon lots of them, and without exception they selected the white blooms, while the Plusias kept to the dark ones, and long after it was so dark that one could see only the swaying blossoms by the light of the nearest street lamp, they kept to their respective colours. The result of the evening’s catch was 67 Plusia pre- cationts and 23 Cucullia intermedia, and nothing else. Not a singie moth was seen to get into the tube of any of the washed-out coloured blossoms, though they were continually fluttering past. On several other evenings up to the 8th September, the same two moths were the sole visitors of the Petunias. “Read before Montreal Branch, Entomological Soc, of Ontario, Nov. 9, 1907, THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. LG NEW SPECIES OF COLORADO APHIDID, WITH NOTES - UPON THEIR LIFE-HABITS. BY C. P. GILLETTE, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO. (Continued from Vol. XXXIX, page 396.) Myzus Braggii, n. sp.4 Plate 1, figs. 1, 2, 3). A beautiful pale yellowish or greenish-yellow louse, with bluish-green markings ; upon Canada thistle, Carduus arvensis. Winged Male (Fig. 3). Described from specimens taken at Fort Collins, Colo., Oct. 26, 1906. General colour light yellow, or greenish-yellow. Head, thorax, antenne, tarsi and distal ends of tibiz black or blackish. The dorsum of the abdomen has black transverse bands on all of the segments, except the first two. Femora black in distal two-thirds, but light near the coxe. The pleuron of the mesothorax, the cox, more or less of the cornicles, about four or five spots on either lateral margin of the abdomen, the beak except at base, the subanal and subgenital plates, and the nervures of the wings, dusky brown to blackish in colour. Eyes dark red; cauda pale yellow ; cornicles .40 mm. long, slender, cylindrical, straight, or very slightly curved, and with flange at free end. Length of body, 1.80 mm.; length of wing, 3 mm.; length of antenne, 2.30 mm. Prothorax without lateral tubercles, a slight tubercle on vertex of head for ocellus. Joints of antennz measure about as follows: IIE .51, IV .43, V .37, VI .11, and VII .go mm. The sensoria are abundant on segments three, four and five. They are oval and placed with their greater diameters across the antennal segments. A cluster of about six or eight sensoria are placed at the end of segment six. Winged Viviparous Female (Fig. 1). : Described from specimens taken at Fort Collins, Colorado, Oct. 5, ’07. In general appearance hardly unlike the male described above, but differs by being a little larger (about 2 mm. long), by having the black colour upon dorsum of the abdomen in a solid rectangular patch on joints 3, 4 and 5, by having a transverse band on joint 6, and by lacking the black tip to the abdomen, but with subgenital plate dusky. Sensoria abundant on joints 3, 4 and 5 asin the male; cornicles slender, a little curved and .50 mm. long. Apterous Viviparous Female (Fig. 2). The ground colour of this female is very pale greenish-yellow, with a broad but more or less obscure dark stripe of: green extending over the thorax and abdomen about midway between the median and lateral lines January, 1908 18 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. of the dorsum upon either side. In some specimens, however, the green colour is quite distinct and pronounced. The whole body, in some speci- mens, is tinged more or less distinctly with flesh colour, the head being the lightest. The distal portions of the antennze, tibiz, cornicles, beak and the entire tarsi infuscated; eyes dark red; entire length of body 2 mm.; antenne 2 mm. Joints of antennz about as follows: I and II together .ro mm.; III .40, [V .34, V -3%, VI sno, and Vil) Sosaam: Cornicles .70 to .80 mm. long, gently curved in form and quite slender. Style rather long, upturned. The body has many capitate hairs, but there are none of these hairs upon the antenne or legs; the tubercles for the antennee are quite prominent and slightly gibbous. The first joint of the antenna is much larger than the second, and strongly gibbous on the inner side, giving the appearance of receiving joint 2 upon the outerside. There is a slight frontal prominence bearing two capitate hairs ; prothoracic tubercles wanting. ‘The lice have been so numerous een the thistles as to utterly kill many of them. Apterous Oviparous Female. Mr. Bragg and I have been searching for the oviparous females for at least two weeks, and those obtained to-day (Oct. 5, ’07) are the first that we have noticed this season, although I saw a few eggs upon thistles oné week ago. There certainly is not more than one oviparous female to 100 males upon the plants at this time. The eggs are bright yellow in colour when first deposited, but gradually change to black. I am able to find but very few of these upon the stems and leaves of the thistles, but they are scattered in small numbers over the plants. This form closely resembles the apterous viviparous form. A technical description has not been made. The Pupa. The pupe are light greenish-yellow in general colour, with two longi- tudinal dashes running over the mesothorax, with a large green spot on either side of the first segment of the abdomen, and with a broken longitudinal line of green on either side of the dorsum of the abdomen extending over segments three, four, five and six. This green colour is a very conspicuous marking upon the light background of the general colour of the pupa. I find that my winged males fora time retain the green colour mark- ings that are so prominent on the apterous females and the pupa. After a few hours’ exposure to the daylight these winged males lose the green colouring and take on the dark colouring of the abdomen mentioned above. All of the indiyiduals seem now (Oct. 5) to be acquiring wings, THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 19 and, so far as I can find, all are becoming males, although I find an occasional yellowish-green egg that probably is being deposited by oviparous females upon the stems of the thistle. The Canada thistle upon which this louse has been found occurs upon a small area in the suburbs of Fort Collins, where the seeds were intro- duced some twenty years ago. I have never seen the thistle in the surrounding country, and neither Mr. Bragg nor myself have ever found this louse upon other food-plants, but it seems probable that such must occur here. The lice have been most abundant during the month of October, and we have not seen them during the spring or summer months, though carefully searched for. The lice are rather broad and flat, and so near the colour of the leaves of the thistle that they are seen with difficulty unless very numerous. Myzus vince, n. sp. (Plate 1, figs. 4, 5). Alate Viviparous Female (Fig. 5). Type specimens taken at Fort Collins, Nov. 11, 1907, upon Vinca sp. in the College greenhouse. General colour pale greenish-yellow. Head, antenne, transverse band on pronotum, mesothorax above, laterally and beneath; a transverse band upon each segment of the abdomen dorsally, spots along lateral margins of the abdomen, cauda, subanal and subgenital plates, tarsi, distal ends of femora and tibiz, and beak, except at base, black or blackish ; eyes dark red. Upon segments 3 to 5 of the abdomen the bands unite to form a large blotch. Body, 1.70 mm.; antenna, 2.37 mm.; cornicles, .29 mm.; wing, 3.20 mm.; cauda,.13 mm, Antennal joints: Til .50, IV .45, V .37, VI .15, VII .73 mm. Cornicles cylindrical, with distinct flange at apex; 3rd joint of antenna with about 15 sensoria that are scarcely tuberculate; no sensoria on joint 4; cauda tail-like, upturned ; beak barely reaching 3rd coxe ; antennz upon moderate frontal tubercles, the inner sides gibbous, as are the inner sides of the first joints of the antenna ; lateral tubercles of pro- thorax wanting. A few red specks, the eyes of embryo lice, can usually be seen over the abdomen. In some examples segments 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the abdomen have black transverse dashes near their iateral margins. Apterous Viviparous Female (Fig. 4). Colour light yellowish-green, with black markings above and dark red eyes ; cauda concolorous with body, antenna, legs and cornicles light yellowish-brown ; distal ends of joints 3, 4 and 5 and all of joints 6 and 7 of antenna and extreme ends of cornicles and tarsi black ; distal ends of tibize slightly infuscated. . Length of body, 1.90 to 2.10 mm.; antenna, 2.70 to 2.80 mm.; cornicles, .45 mm, cylindrical or slightly enlarged towards base, slightly 20 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. bent, and the distal end with a rather strong flange. Joints of antenna about as follows: III .65, IV .52, V .40, VI .18, VII.79 mm. Antennal tubercles strongly gibbous, and first joints of antennze moderately gibbous; cauda conical and upturned. A few of the eyes of embryos usually show as bright red specks in the abdomen. No dark markings on ventral surface. The black coloration above consists of rather broad irregular trans- verse bands, one for each segment of the thorax and one each for joints 2, 3 and 4 of the abdomen, the last being broadest and the only one that extends across the middle of the dorsum, the others being cut by a median light portion concolorous with the rest of the body. It seems probable that some of the past references to MZ. dianthi are really of this species. I hesitate to call this a new species, but have been unable to find a description that will fit it. It is closely allied to the persica, dianthi, achyrantes group, especially in the alate form. Mr. Bragg has taken this louse upon liliaceous plants, asparagus, asparagus fern, Aquilegia and Rumex sp. in the greenhouse, and it was sent me from Boulder, Colorado, by Professor T. D. A. Cockerell, who found it in large numbers upon a lily indoors. I have taken it repeatedly upon Vinca and asparagus in greenhouses. Mr. Bragg tells me he has found it colonized upon several other greenhouse plants which he has not noted. It is evidently a very general feeder when abundant. Sexual forms and eggs have not been found. There are many apterous but few alate forms in the College greenhouse at this date, Nov. 20, ’07. Callipterus robinia, Gillette. (For description see Vol. XXXIX, page 395.) Winged viviparous female, plate 1, fig. 6; oviparous female, fig. 7 ; winged male, fig. 8. This louse is solitary in its habits, and the winged forms are very active jumpers upon being approached. It has been fairly common, but not abundant, upon the under side of the leaves of the black locust in Denver and about Ft. Collins for the past two years. On November goth, after the leaves had nearly all fallen, I saw the oviparous females with their long-drawn-out abdomens depositing eggs upon rough places in the bark of small limbs of locust trees in Denver parks. EXPLANATION OF PLATE I. Figures 1, 2 and 3, alate viviparous female, apterous viviparous female and alate male of J/yzus Braggii, n. sp. Figures 4 and 5, apterous viviparous female and alate viviparous female of A/izus vince, n. sp. Figures 6, 7 and 8, alate viviparous female, apterous oviparous female and alate male of Cad/ipterus robinie, n. sp. All enlarged 15 diameters. Original; Miriam A. Palmer artist. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 21 ADDITIONS TO THE LIST OF MANITOBAN LEPIDOPTERA. BY E. FIRMSTONE HEATH, CARTWRIGHT, MAN. A good many fresh species and some few new to science have been taken in Manitoba since the publication of my list in 1904—additional to that by Mr. A. W. Hanham, then residing in Winnipeg. which appeared in this magazine a few years previously. Before giving my record I may make some remarks upon the appearance, disappearance and apparent migration of some species, which, I trust, will prove interesting. When first I began to collect here, about 25 years ago, Freris protodice, Bd. and Lec., was the only white butterfly and was abundant. Then a few stragglers of P. rape, Linn., appeared, and the number of protodice became gradually less and less ; now it has entirely disappeared, and we have to wage war with rafg@ in order to grow a few members of the cabbage family in our gardens. Last year this species made a clean sweep where pyrethrum powder was not used. In my own garden it fell back upon a bed of mignonette, greatly to its detriment. In England rape@, with its relative drassice, is kept in check by a small ichneumon fly ; here it seems to be unmolested, and it seems desirable to import the parasite. Colias cesonia, Stoll., appeared here some years ago and in some numbers. I caught two and saw many more flitting over growing grain, where they could not be followed ; none have been seen since. Vanessa Californica, Bdv., has appeared twice at dates several years apart. Pyramets Huntera, Fabr., is also of very uncertain occurrence. Some of the Theclas used to be plentiful—now they have all disappeared. Likewise many of the Pamphilas that 1 used to take are no longer to be found. Argynnis Edwardsit, Reak., a green-winged species, appeared in numbers some years ago. I took a couple of dozen, and could have taken more. It disappeared as suddenly as it came, and not one was seen during the following season. With both butterflies and moths—especially the latter—there seems to be a gradual and constant migration from the south west, northwards as far as Manitoba, but very little movement from due east to the westward, or vice versa. The cool, high land north of Lake Superior seems to form a barrier to migration from Ontario, and the bare, treeless plains to our west are an obstacle to Albertan species. Still, some forms new to science occasionally appear, and it is a puzzle to know whence they came. In the south-eastern part of this Province there is much roughly-wooded January,"1908 bo lo THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. land, mostly unfit for agriculture, and in it I do not think there is a single collector. The few we have are nearly all in the central portion of the Province, and I alone am near the southern boundary. I have taken a few specimens during the last two years of RAzzagrotes perolivalis, Smith, a species which was, I believe, originally taken near Calgary in Alberta, and during the same years some six or seven examples of Xylophasia Miniota, Smith, came to my sugared trees during the early part of June. Miniota, where the first specimens were taken that reached Dr. J. B. Smith, and hence the name, is about the centre of the western boundary of Manitoba. The species isa large and conspicuous one, as large as Hadena devastatrix, Brace, and one that could not possibly be overlooked by a collector. It is strange that it should simultaneously appear in two pdaces so far apart. Euxoa focinus, Smith, was taken by me for the first time in 1906. In, I think, 1884 Dezlephila lineata, Fabr., was very plentiful, so much so that I only took the trouble to catch two or three. I have not seen it since. The other species, D. Chamenerii, Harris, is generally to be seen at bloom in the early summer. In 1905 I took at sugar about two dozen of Dargida procinctus, Grote, prior to which date I have only taken a couple ; in 1906 I did not see one. Whole genera have disappeared, but this may in great measure be attributed to the destruction of food-plants by cultivation and by cattle. I have not taken an Hydreecia for some years, thanks to my sheep having cleared up all the weeds in the scrub and in the paddocks round about my house. The Leucanias and the Plusias have also been very scarce lately —probably from the same cause. I do not think I have taken an Arctian imago or seen a larva for the last two or three years; the same may be said of the genus Schinia. The Chorizagrotis genus has, on the other hand, come out strongly. TI have now taken six out of the eight species listed ; during the earlier years of my collecting I rarely met with it. The first species to be captured was C. introferens, Grote, and the others followed. With regard to Geometers the case is somewhat different ; they may be here, but the weather may be unfavourable for them to come to light or to be much on the wing. The same with the Micros ; I have taken hardly any for the last two seasons. In 1906 our few species of Sphingidz seemed to have disappeared ; perhaps owing to the weather, light had no attraction; at all events, I did not get any, while in some previous seasons they were a perfect nuisance, as I had to kill them off my windows before I could take other things that I wanted. bo © THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGISTD, I have been exchanging a little lately with brother collectors in Saskatchewan and Alberta, and have been much struck by the apparent differences between specimens of the same species taken here and those from localities 500 to 800 miles further west. So much is this the case that Manitoban species, in some instances, are hardly to be recognized at first from descriptions made from western examples. Besides those mentioned in the following list, I have some six or seven Noctuids which have been seen by Dr. J. B. Smith, and regarding whose names—if they have any—he will give no opinion without further material ; among these are two Polias and some Euxoas. Some of the names in my list are taken from Dr. Fletcher’s Record in the Reports of the Entomological Society of Ontario. I wish again to thank Dr. J. B. Smith for his unvarying patience and kindness in identifying species for us poor collectors.out in the wild western country. Where no locality is given in the following list, the species was taken upon my own farm: Acronycta cretata, Sm.—At sugar in the early part of July. I have taken several specimens during the last three or four years, but never in any large numbers. Acronycta speratina, Sm.—I understand that Dr. Smith now says that what we had formerly named sferata, Grote, is a new species. Hadena cerivana, Sm.—Several during the last few years, both at bloom and at sugar, but never abundant. Hadena exhausta, Sm.—Several at sugar in the beginning of July. .Hadena Barnesii, Sm.—Aweme (Criddle), Aug. 22. Xylophasia Miniota, Sm.—Several at sugar in June ; also at Miniota. Homohadena fifia, Dyar.—More abundant here than the paler badistriga with the white secondaries. At light during the summer. Ancocnemis iricolor, Sm.-—At light, Aweme, Sept. 9. Rhyncagrotis scopeops, Dyar.—Or something very much like it. Several taken with a/ternata at sugar during August. : Rhyncagrotis minimalis, Grote.-—At sugar in August; rare. Rhyncagrotis anchocelioides, Guen.— Formerly listed as cupida. Agrotis aurulenta, Sm.—Aweme, June 16, 1904. Noctua substrigata, Sm.—Rounthwaite (Marmont). Chorizagrotis inconcinna, Harv.—Several of this variable species flying about currant bloom, etc., in June. Rhizagrotis perolivalis, Sm.—Two taken for the first time in 1906 at bloom. 24 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Euxoa focinus, Sm.—Two taken at sugar, July 20; first appearance. Euxoa acutifrons, Sm.—Two taken at sugar, Aug. 26, 1904, and Sept. 10, 1905. Anytus profundus, Sm.—With privatus at sugar, occasionally. Fishia Yosemite, Grote. Mamestra juncimacula, Sm.—At sugar in July ; scarce. Mamestra Columbia, Sm.—Listed as 47. meditata, Grote. Mamestra ‘Tacoma, Streck.—Sometimes rather plentiful at bloom. Mamestra cuneata, Grote.-—One only, at sugar, July 4, 1904. Mamestra acuterrima, Sm.—At sugar in July ; sometimes plentiful. Mamestra pensilis, Grote.—Listed as vicina, Grote. Mamestra larissa, Grote.—Listed as amguina, Grote. Leucania multilinea, Walk.—Two or three taken at light. Xylina innominata, Sm.—Listed as signosa, Grote. Xylina merceda, Sm.— ) Plentiful at sugar of late years in Sept. Xylina ancilla, Sm.— pa Oct. Papaipema Harrisii, Grote—One only, at sugar. Orthosia Americana, Morr.—One at sugar, Aug. 8, 1904. Orthosia helva, Grote.-—One at sugar, Sept. 7, 1904. Orthosia verberata, Sm.—At sugar occasionally with dzco/orago, Guen. Nycterophaeta luna, Morr.—Aweme, June 23. Pseudotamila Avemensis, Dyar.—Aweme. Melicleptria sexata, Sm.—Aweme. Peectes oculatrix, Guen.—Aweme, June 20. Aletia argillacea, Hubn.—One at sugar, Sept. 30, 1905. Drasteria distincta, Neum.—One or two occasionally. Syneda Hudsonica, G. & R.—Listed as Medipotis limbolaris, Geyer. Catocala crataegi, Saund.—Fairly abundant at sugar. Catocala abbreviatella, var. Whitneyi, Dodge.—Rare ; only two taken. Catocala cerogama, Guen.—Two taken for the first time, Aug. 18, 1906, Catocala verecunda, Hulst.—Rare. Catocala relicta, Walk.—The white form dzanca, Hy. Edw., and a very dark form, almost, if not quite, as dark as the Pacific Coast form elda, Behr., have been fairly plentiful during the last few years. Bomolocha lutalba, Sm.—About the middle of July, 1905, on the wing about cherry, saskatoon, etc., bushes, with Chytolita petrealis, etc. Prionapteryx nebulifera, Stephen.—Aweme. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. PAG, NEW HISTORIES AND SPECIES IN PAPAIPEMA (HYDRCECIA). BY HENRY BIRD, RYE, N. Y. (Continued from Vol. XXXIX, page 317.) It is rather remarkable that in penetrating the seclusion which has so thoroughly surrounded our Pafaipema species until recently many new specific forms should be met with prior to the discovery of the early histories of some already described. In fact, it seems very much easier to go out and encounter something new and unheard of among their larvee, than to run down in their early stages certain species already long known to us as moths. Of course, in territory as little worked as our great Northwest, with its diversity of elevation and humidity, this might easily occur, but to meet a species new to us in New York City limits that is general throughout the Atlantic States, and even occurs west of the Alleghany Mountains, and is actually a most common insect when we know where to put our finger on it, gives us a better conception of the habits of this secretive genus. So, when another new form first appears at Rye, where for many years a search of presumed diligence has con- tinued, we are reminded how superficial were the endeavours and how little has been seen after all. Two years ago an enigmatic form was bred, and was carried for want of better definition under the label ‘(?} hybrid,” but of what it might be a hybrid did not satisfactorily suggest itself. It soon appeared that there was no ground for considering so prevalent a form a random case of hybridism ; its constancy and wide distribution argue against even an environmental variation that might be perpetuating itself. Neither is it suggested by any lapse of superficial character that some allied species wandering to a new food-plant has acquired a new habitus which we do not now recognize. Confronted by these facts, and finding its larva differing from the closest allies, we are able to give specific standing to still another departure in the Papaipema group. Papaipema duplicatus, n. sp.—Form congeneric, front smooth. Ground colour dark brown. Antenne simple in both sexes ; vestiture of thorax and head one shade of grayish-brown with a lilac reflection, the collar having but the faintest paler edging above ; the anterior thoracic tuft proportionate, but less adze-shaped than in some species; other tuftings normally present. Primaries have the markings obsolete, except- ing the t. a. and thet. p. lines that divide the wing into three slightly January, 1908 26 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. contrasting areas, of which the median space is unduly contracted, and has on the inner margin of the wing less than one-third of this extent, an unusual feature. A slight powdering of glistening-gray scales occurs, but they are more minute and scattered in this species. No basal markings ; all inside the t. a. line is grayish-brown with the lilac tinting. The spots are wanting in the median field, which is of a solid brown or umber hue, excepting one specimen of the series, which shows the central, lunulate marking of the reniform, barely defined with grayish scales. The t. p. line is the more evident marking, and is straight or nearly so in its. oblique course ; it is fasciate rather than geminate, accentuated outwardly by a grayish powdering that affects the whole terminal space; the under colour is the same lilac-gray as the anterior space. The s. t. line is obsolete, or traceable only by a few glistening scales. Subterminal space darkens at the margin. The fringes are silken and slightly dentate. Secondaries pale smoky-brown. Beneath the usual powderings over a lighter ground colour. ‘The structural characters of the male show no departure from the typical form. Expanse, 1.25 to 1.50 inches; 32 to 37 mm. Co-types are placed in the U.S. National and the British Museums. Seventeen examples, from various points within ‘a four-hundred-mile radius, happen to be at hand for description, but the species is doubtless common throughout the geographical range of its food-plant. it comes closest, perhaps, to mz¢te/a, but its darker, browner tone easily separates it, and the very late date of flight is a noticeable feature. The food-plant is Coddinsonia Canadensis, and the young larve do not hatch from the hibernated eggs until the middle of June in this locality. The stem is entered a few inches above ground, where sufficiently tender, and a gallery is extended to the peculiar woody root-stock. But a limited cell is here made, though the last three stages are passed in the root proper, and pupation generally occurs there if the tissues are not broken, The young larve are typical with the z/fe/a series. In the penultimate stage we find the typical, cylindrical larva, from which the previous darker colouring has faded to a soiled, whitish translucence, and having the continuous dorsal line in evidence. Head, 2.2 mm. wide ; chestnut- brown, darker than zz¢eZa, and with the side marking less distinct. The thoracic and anal plates are also darker, and the tubercles, though small, are better defined than in the ally. While the leg plates bear setz, there THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. QT seems an entire absence of the latter at any tubercle on joints two to ten, inclusive. The accessory plate [Va on joint ten does not appear. Lengti, 38 to 40 mm. Maturity shows the larva a little more translucent, with the former characteristics continuing; setee, however, are now found at the usual plates. It is possible the inflate of the preceding stage may have suffered in preparation, as the hairs ought normally to be present. Head, 2.6 mm. wide ; tubercles defined by the merest black dots; IVa absent On joint ten; spiracles small, black. Length, 42 to 45 mm. Pupation occurs Aug. 15 to 21 ; emergence, Sept. 30 to Oct. 28. By the difference in colour of the head one may readily separate this larva from either z/teda or eupatorti, and differences of the dorsal line, or the tubercle [Va on joint ten, afford distinguishing features when compar- ing xecopina, imperturbata, or nelita, while it is a month behind the last named species in final developments. The active, shining, chestnut-brown pupa has no frontal development or other feature out of the ordinary. The anal spur consists of two divergent, slightly curved and very sharp branches. Length, 20 mm. It has recently developed that one of our Pafaifema moths is incorrectly determined, and permission has been granted to define this improperly-placed species.- Material forwarded to the British Museum to assist a forthcoming volume of the Catalogue of Lepidoptera, contained examples of the presumed /mpida, of Guenée. Sir Geo. Hampson informs us, however, that the determination is quite in error, that the type, which is there placed, positively represents some other species. This leaves the species we have been calling /¢mpzda without position, , and as it is one which the writer observed in its early stages at Rye, permission for a further treatment affords great pleasure. It had been inferred from Grote’s writings that /7mpzda was very close to cerussata, so it was easy to get this erroneous impression concerning our Speedwell form. ‘The very labour involved in locating and securing bred examples, together with its trim appearance and distinctive larval phases, has quite endeared the species to the writer. Also its rarity as a larva, the extremely local features of its occurrence, which is more a particular plant selection rather than a case of geographical distribution, and its late appearance as a moth, has surrounded the species with an individuality most welcome in a genus necessarily showing many commingling characteristics. During the seven years since the larva was discovered in THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. bo eK one of the few wasteland spots that are left in Rye—and chance, by the way, has not thus far furnished it from other quarters—a continued local search has been made each year, and it is thoroughly known just what particular Speedwell root will give up a larva each year. So scarce are they, however, that four or five specimens per season is the best addition we can make to our series, and it now follows we must have a new name for the old friend. Papaipema sctata, n. sp.—Ground colour very deep umber-brown, with a tinge of purple lake in fresh material. Head and thoracic vestiture of one deep purple-brown hue ; the abdomen is umber-brown, without the purple inflection. Antenne alike in both sexes, ciliate, the upper and outer sides dark umber, the inner side distinctly. white ; a small white scale at the base. The collar has the usual cream-white edging above ; the anterior thoracic tuft erect and spreading at the top; the posterior one of the usual lesser prominence, its hair-like scales sloping backward at forty-five degrees ; dorsal crests of abdomen normal. Primaries have the costal margin very straight, the markings in some instances are obscure, the chief ornamentation being the cream-white stigmata, Basal spots and area not defined, all within the t. a. line of the purplish shading as the thorax ; the median field deep umber-brown, becoming brighter at the inner margin, where an illumination of red-brown scales often occurs. The median shade line faint, blackish. The t. p. line is geminate, sweeps outward from its costal inception to the lower end of reniform, continuing thence nearly straight to the inner margin. S.t. line appears as an irregular, darker illumination on the glistening purple ground of the terminal and subterminal spaces. Reniform of the normal broken appear- ance, cream-white. Orbicular and claviform same colour, the latter double, a commingling of two, superimposed, ovate spots ; the axis of this marking forming a more acute angle with the costa than is the case in most species. The usual patch of lighter ground colour at the apex is wanting in the series. Secondaries of a uniform smoky-umber hue, the veins showing darkly. There is some variation in the depth of this colouring. Beneath the wings are heavily powdered with dark scales, the fringes and mesial shade line darkly defined. The male structures, while typical, differ from duplicatus and niteZa in having the lower point of the triangular tip of the harpes less drawn out and tooth-like. The clasper is the same stout, curved claw, with its outer edge minutely roughened like saw-teeth. Expanse, 1.20 to 1.45 inches ; 30 to 36 mm. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 29 Fourteen specimens, embracing both sexes, are at hand, and others have been reared. Examples bearing a co-type label will be placed in the U. S. National and British Museums, where the species is already represented by specimens from Rye, N. Y. It must have a wide distribu- tion over the Middle Atlantic States, though Webster, N. H., is the only other locality positively recalled. Scéata resembles both cerussata and Srigida, but its smaller size, darker tone and absence of white basal spots superficially separate it, while its larva is entirely different. For descrip- tion of the latter, with notes of early history, consult this magazine (Can. Ent., Vol. XXXIII, p. 64). Correspondents will now bear in mind the change in the /mpida label. There seems reason for the introduction of two other species at this time, in view of forthcoming literature, so that our list may be as fully up to date as possible. One of these is a Pacific Coast form, the other an eastern one, which probably has a boreal tendency. While it might have been better to await a larval acquaintance, it is feared this desideratum may be too remote to be waited for. Papaipema imperspicua, 1. sp.—Form congeneric, front smooth. Ground colour yellowish-brown. Antennz minutely ciliate, no white scales at base. Head and thorax purple-brown, the erect tuft spreading at the top, posterior tuft and the abdominal ones also normal. Basai spots indistinct, of the ground colour. T. a. line geminate, of the usual sinuous course, but its lower section bends outwardly and encloses more area than is usual ; this area is an even, dull purple. The t. p. line is distinctly geminate and even in its course, the inner line a fine brown lunulate marking. It has an angled bend as it passes the reniform, rather than the broad sweep which is common to so many. The median field is yellowish- brown, the lower part yellower and brighter. The shade line is distinct and of adeep brown. The central marking of the reniform is all that appears, defined in a lighter hue of the ground colour. Orbicular and claviform wanting. Thes.t. line isa fine lunulate yellow marking ; at the costal tip there is outwardly a yellow dash. The terminal space is the even shade of purple which holds inside thet. a. line, the subterminal space is yellowish-brown again. Secondaries even smoky-brown. The male structures agree with the pattern of mzte/a, the outwardly dentate harpes with a prolonged lower lobe, and the heavy spinulated tip, follow the common design. Expanse, 1.50 in.; 37 mm. 30 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. The species in a way resembles wnimoda and frigida, but the sexual characters preclude such an association. With ceruwssata there may be a closer bond, but the latter has been seen with concolorous stigmata, and this phase of its variation is understood. The type is from Mrs. A. T. Slosson, taken at Franconia, N. H., a locality renowned for the multitude and value of its disclosures. Buffalo, N. Y., is another locality for the species. Pap uipema limata, n. sp.—Form congeneric, front smooth, pattern conventional. Vestiture of head and thorax yellow, overlaid with pinkish scales ; the tufts normal. Antennz simple. Wings are a little narrow ; ground colour bright lemon-yellow. The absence of powderings on the primaries makes them appear more thinly scaled than usual. Basal area defined and of the ground colour. T. a. line incomplete, in the lower half of its course lost entirely. The area it encloses is small and of the dull pink which replaces, in this case, the usual purple markings. The t. p. line is double, though the inner one is extremely fine ; the outer is well shown, is the most noticeable of any transverse marking, curves outwardly past the reniform, from which it is well removed and defines a median field of good proportion, brightly coloured with the ground shade, The shade line is wanting, but a washing of the pinkish hue holds between the orbicular and reniform. The latter is broken, restricted in length, its axis is one-third less than that of the other combined spots and is pure white. The claviform and orbicular are large and brightly white, the former consisting of two confluent ovate spots, the latter a larger ovate spot. The terminal space is pink, the subterminal yellow, but there is no definite line dividing the two. The secondaries are paler yellowish and very silken. The beautiful silken fringes ate a little pinker than the adjoining wing. Underneath of the same pale yellow, with pink powderings. The type specimen comes to hand through the courtesy of Prof. J. B. Smith, and bears the locality label of the Washington Experiment Station, Pullman, Wash., date Sept. 25th, 1898, but the name of the collector is wanting. The species has no very close counterpart in the east, and approaches somewhat /nsu/idens, which comes from Vancouver Island, but its lighter tone and markings sufficiently differentiate it. While the antenne and abdomen are broken, the specimen is in good condition otherwise, and may well stand as the type to represent the species. _ THE CANAD:AN ENTOMOLOGIST. o A FOSSIL LEAF-CUTTING BEE. BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO. In the course of our excavations at Florissant, we had found more than once fossil leaves cut as though by AZegachile. Yet we did not feel positive that the injury might not have been produced in some other manner, and it was certainly not permissible to assume the former presence of AZegachi/e on such slender evidence. However, in going over the collections of 1907, I now find a veritable leaf-cutting bee, herewith described : Megachile predicta, vn. sp. ? .—Length (with the head thrust forward) 11 mm.; width of head 3, of thorax 4, of abdomen 3°%/, mm.; abdomen oval, its length about 5 mm.; the dense ventral scopa can be clearly seen with the compound microscope, and the apical depressions of the segments are visible and quite normal. Head and thorax black, abdomen red. As preserved, the wings are also red, but this is due to a ferruginous infiltration. The abdomen is no doubt stained in the same way, but since it was evidently not black, it was presumably red, as in the Australian JZ. abdominalis. Smith. Head and thorax strongly and extremely closely punctured ; punctures on front considerably larger than those on mesothorax ; clypeus densely punctured ; inner orbits straight, somewhat converging below ; ocelli large, in a curve ; a groove runs downward from the middle ocellus. Anterior wing about 7 mm. long (the tip not visible); venation quite normal; stigma large for a Megachi/e; marginal cell rather obtusely pointed, away from costa; basal nervure ending a little behind (apicad of) transverso-medial ; second: transverso-cubital with a double curve ; second recurrent nervure gently and evenly curved outwards, and ending a little before tip of second submarginal cell, the cell being rounded, not angulate, at its lower outer corner; lower part of basal nervure quite strongly curved. The following.measurements are in micromillimeters : Depth of stigma, 238; length of marginal cell, 2006 ; width of mar- ginal, 510; length of first submarginal, 1343; of second submarginal, 1122 of first discoidal, rg21 ; basal nervure on first s. m. about 340; b. n. on first discoidal, 935 (or rather more, allowing for curve) ; b. n. short of t. m. about 68; length of first t. c., 340; origin of first t. c. to insertion of first r. n,, 102; insertion of first r. n. to insertion of second, 986 ; insertion of secondr. n. to corner of second s. m. about 68 ; insertion January, 1908 © bo THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST of second t.c. on marginal to apex of latter, 935; length of first r.n, 969; diameter of second discoidal cell at apex, 663; diameter of ocelli about 255 ; distance between middle and lateral ocelli about 170. The t. m. nervure is straight, scarcely oblique, 306 long. Miocene shales of Florissant, Colorado, Station 14 (W. P. Cockeredd, 1907). This is the first fossil WZegachtle. A nameless Chalicodoma was said - by Brischké (1886) to occur in Prussian amber. MOSQUITO NOTES.—No. 6. BY C. S. LUDLOW, M.SC., WASHINGTON, D. C. Laboratory of the Office of the Surgeon-General, U.S. Army, Washington, D, C. In a collection of mosquitoes from the Philippine Islands, received with no locality or date attached, is a most interesting lot of Stegomyia Jasciata (calopus ). In all cases the thoracic markings are those of the type, sometimes those of var. mosquito, Desv.; the leg markings are normal ; the cephalic markings vary from normal to an almost entirely pure white head, and the abdomen from the normal to a pure white (dorsal surface) abdomen. All grades of this latter peculiarity are present, some specimens having only additional apical bands on the segments, some showing a continuous median white stripe, some with all the segments but the 6th and 7th pure. white, while a few have the whole of the dorsal aspect of the abdomen, pure white, with the exception of a small lateral brown spot on the last segment. In a collection of about forty specimens twenty-one showed some form of these variations. Once before I had one specimen of this specics with a white abdomen, and I have also reported one specimen with one hind leg normal and the other lacking the white bands, but a lot like this has never reached me before. There has also been received’a new Cellia— a genus not before reported from the Philippines. Cellia flava, n. sp.—Female. Head dark, covered mostly with light yellow or white forked scales, a few brown ones laterad and ventrad, a heavy bunch of very long, slender white curved scales projecting forward between the eyes, some brown bristles around the eyes ; antennz almost white, a minute brown band at the base of each row of verticels, verticels and pubescence white ; palpi almost white, basal joint testaceous, the distal half covered with yellow and white scales, i.e., the apex with a broad band of white followed by a broad yellow band, a minute brown basal January, 1908 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 33 band on the ultimate and penultimate joints, the antepenultimate is distally white, then a broad yellow band occupying most of the joint, a natrow basal brown band, and the remainder of the palpi heavily scaled by brown with some intermixture of yellow scales. Proboscis light, base heavily brown scaled, then a mottled portion extending to the distal third, which is covered with light yellow scales, except a narrow brown band at its extremity, labella light: orange ; clypeus testaceous ; eyes brown. Thorax: prothoracic lobes testaceous, covered with light and brown flat spatulate scales; mesonotum light and delicate, with two small submedian or laterad brown spots (not scaled) about one-third the length of the mesonotum from the head, sometimes another pair just cephalad- laterad to these, a suggestion of a brown median line, the whole (except spots) covered with white slender hair like curved scales, a few small flat curved or spatulate scales scattered throughout, more noticeable laterad, especially cephalad of the wing joint, and at the nape growing into a tuft of long flat curved spatulate scales, a dark median spot in front of the scutellum ; scutellum dark in the middle, side light, brown bristles ; pleura light, with some brown lines ; metanotum light, with median brown stripe. Abdomen light or dirty gray, sparsely covered with long flat spatulate white or yellow scales and white or light yellow bristles, heavy lateral tufts of long brown broadly truncate scales on most (6) of the segments, the last segment more heavily white scaled. Legs: coxe light, sparsely covered with long spatulate white scales, and white bristles ; trochanters light, mostly brown scaled ; femora of the fore legs somewhat thickened at the base, in all legs covered with irregular bands or spots of brown and white, and have a very narrow white apical band ; tibiz mottled in the same way, first tarsal (metatarsi) joint also mottled, and has narrow apical light bands more marked on the hind legs; remainder of tarsal joints on fore and mid legs more or less distinctly mottled and having narrow apical light bands ; on the hind legs the second tarsal has a broad apical white band, the third broad apical and basal white bands ; the fourth and fifth marked in the same way ; ungues sim- ple and equal. Wings light, and mostly light scaled, on the costa are two tiny basal dark spots, four large brown spots, and a tiny brown spot between the two more proximal larger spots; all of which extend on the first long vein, and an analogous intermediate spot on the first long vein. Wing- field somewhat spotted, but mostly light scaled ; a dark spot on each fork 34 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. of the second long vein, third long vein light except small spots at the apex and near its base, two small spots on the forks of the fourth, and a couple on the stem, three small spots on upper fork of fifth, one on the lower fork, stem light except that close to the base is a small dark spot, sixth has three small spots, and the wing fringe is spotted between the junctions of every vein. Length 3.5 mm. 5 mm. with proboscis. Male, much as female. On the antenne the bands at the bases of the verticels are more yellow; the palpi are not so distinctly marked, there being a narrow brown band in the middle of the “club,” a white band followed by yellow at the apex of the penultimate, with a brown spot on one side and a very narrow basal brown band, the antepenultimate has the light and dark bands rather irregularly placed and a tiny narrow white band at the base (in one specimen this is nude). The leg markings are perhaps more brilliant ; fore ungues markedly unequal, the larger with a long tooth. Habitat— Camp Wilhelm, Tayubar, P. I. Taken Sept , 1907. Described from four specimens collected by the Surgeon on duty at this Port. It is a very unusual looking Anophiline, and its colouring is very attractive. A SUGGESTION REGARDING DEVELOPMENT RETARDED BY PARASITISM. BY L. 0. HOWARD, WASHINGTON, D. C. In volume V. of the Hope Reports, Professor Poulton republishes an article by Mr. F. P. Dodd, entitled, “ Notes on Some Remarkable. Para- sitic Insects from North Queensland,” which was originally published in the Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, for May, 1906, Part I. In this article, among other interesting things, Mr. Dodd shows definitely that Schizaspidia and Rhipipallus of the Eucharide are true parasites of ants. But the observation to which I wish particularly to call attention is Mr. Poulton’s comment upon Mr. Dodd’s observations that indicate a remarkable and long-persistent vitality in larve attacked by Braconid parasites. Mr. Poulton says: ‘It is probable that within hot latitudes, where a dead insect would quickly dry up and in other ways deteriorate as food, the attacks of parasites have been specially adapted to January, 1908 (Js) Or THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOUIST. prolong the victim’s life to its very utmost. The adaptation, of course, always exists, but here we probably see it at its highest level.” This retardation is by no means confined to Braconid parasites, but also occurs with other parasites, and, as Mr. Poulton suggests, in other than hot latitudes. I recall very well some observations which Mr. Schwarz and I made on the larve of P/usia brassice in cabbage fields in Washington in r°8r. It was in the autumn, and full-grown larve of this insect were rather abundant in the fields. Fifty or more specimens were taken to the laboratory, and showed an almost complete percentage of parasitism by Copdosoma truncatellum. Some of the observations made at that time were recorded by me in the American Naturalist for February, 1882, pp. 150-1, and also in the Annual Report of the Department of Agriculture for 1883, p. 121. I believed then, and I think Mr. Schwarz concurred (although neither of us ever published the statement), that this practically complete percentage of parasitism was not necessarily indicative of the whole percentage for the season, but indicated that the parasitized larvee remained longer in the field, and without ocular evidence of parasitism for a considerable time after the unparasitized individuals had spun up and transformed to chrysalids. In fact, it frequently occurs with lepidopterous larve, and, of course, with other insects as well, that parasitized individuals grow more slowly than the rest, and often may be identified by their smaller size. Many, as we know, are destroyed before reaching full growth by certain parasites, but many others reach the full larval size and linger on, sluggish it may be, but apparantly unharmed for a considerable time after their unstung mates have crawled away and hidden themselves for transformation, or even perhaps, in case of multiple-brooded species, until individuals of a succeeding generation have approximated their stage of growth. The practical feature of all this in work with parasites comes from the fact that we must take this retardation strictly into consideration in estimating percentages of parasitism. Should larve in considerable number be collected at the end of the season and kept for rearing pur- poses, it ‘appears that through this retardation of parasitized individuals it may easily happen that an apparently almost complete percentage of parasitism will be observed which will by no means indicate the true per- centage with the generation as a whole. 36 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. LAMPYRIDS. AND APHIDS: BY ERIC MONTIZAMBERT, PORT HOPE, ONT. The great value of the Lampyride as destroyers of various insect nuisances’in their larval stages is too well known to need comment, but I- doubt if many persons are aware that at least one species of this sub-order has a particular relish for a certain aphid. On June 8th, 1906, I was attracted by swarms of insects to a clump of Golden-rod (Solidago Canadensis) ; on drawing nearer I discovered that the insects were Lampyrids of a common species ( Ze/ephorus caro- /inus). Hundreds were swarming over the plant, and this fact caused me to look more closely. Upon doing so I discovered that they were greedily devouring the big red aphids which were very common on - Solidago about here. The beetle would seize the aphid from the rear with his mandibles and front feet, and in a few seconds would leave him sucked dry. The number of aphids destroyed in this manner was enormous. When I visited the plant the next day I saw nothing but hundreds of dried-up aphid skins ; no beetles were visible. The aphid was Siphonophora rudbecke ie. A week later I noticed the same occurrence at a place eleven miles distant. The insects were identified for me by Dr. Fletcher, of Ottawa. STHENOPIS THULE. To the Editor of the ‘‘ Canadian Entomologist” : Sir,—I cannot allow the note of censure appended by you to my paper on “ Collecting Sthenopis Thule,” in the December number, to pass unchallenged, as I feel that it is undeserved. The former supposed great rarity of this moth was due to our ignorance of the food-plant, and, therefore, of the proper localities in which to look for it. As to its supposed restriction of range, it is inconceivable that a moth which feeds upon so common and generally distributed a tree as the willow, and which produces such an enormous number of eggs, could really be restricted to a very limited locality. Mr. Lyman found a specimen in the British Museum which had been received from Mr. Barn- ston, and was supposed to have been taken, along with other specimens, at St. Martin’s Falls, on the Albany river. If it was really taken there, it shows a very wide distribution to the north, but even if that specimen was taken at Montreal, as has been privately suggested, there is still the state- ment of Dr. Strecker that he had received’ a drawing of one taken in Wisconsin, which would show a wide distribution to the west. That it has not been taken to the south may indicate a northern range, and I believe that it will be found in a northerly and north-westerly direction, if looked for in its season where willow scrub abounds. It should also be remembered that as its season is so short, it probably mates immediately, and oviposits very early. It should also be remembered, as Dr. Knaggs points out in his “ Guide,” that a moth which flies in the dusk of the evening. will also, under favourable circumstances, fly in the dusk of the dawn, when it will be free from molestation by even the most greedy collector. 200 @Mitcheson St., Montreal, Dec. 24th, 1907. EDWARD DENNY. Mailed January Sth, 1908. PLATE 2. 2 The aanailtayy Fntomolonist — VoL. XL. LONDON, FEBRUARY, 1908. No: 2. STUDIES IN THE GENUS INCISALIA. BY JOHN H. COOK, ALBANY, N. Y. V.—INCISALIA POLIOS. Described in THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, Vol. XXXIX, No. 6, p. 204. When this species was named in June, 1907, the final snarl of a nomencliatorial tangle of thirty years’ standing was resolved into its con- stituent threads. Jzcisalia folios is not a rare butterfly discovered by the fortuitous capture of a few local specimens ; it is common in many places near centres of entomological activity. Nor is it an obscure form, to be separated from its congeners only after painstaking study ; it is marked in a very characteristic manner, and is easily identified. In fact, it has been mentioned in the literature several times either as a recognizable variety or as a distinct species, but has always masqueraded under an assumed name. Strecker’s misidentification.—In his Catalogue of Butterflies (1878), Herman Strecker listed the Henrici of Grote and Robinson as a variety of irus, Godart, characterizing it as “smaller” and with the “ inferiors tailless.” As T have already pointed out,’ this characterization is erroneous, and does not apply to Henrict. It does, however, apply to polios; and that Strecker had an (at that time) undescribed species before him, which he misidentified as Henric’, is proved by specimens of podios in his collection labelled Henrici. Evidently Strecker had never seen the type of Grote and Robinson’s species (which is hardly to be wondered at in view of the strained’ relations existing between him and Grote), and how he came to make the error is not apparent. But that others have relied upon the accuracy of his determination, and thereby given life to the mistake, cannot be doubted. W. H. Edwards bred Henrici, and expressed his conviction that it was a good species in 1881 (Papilio, I, p.152). He placed it as such in his catalogue of 1884, although in his earlier catalogue (1877) it had been given as a variety of zrus. Fernald, C. H., in ‘ The Butterflies of Maine” (1884), followed Edwards in separating Hexrict specifically from 1, CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, Vol. XXXIX, No. 6 (June, 1907), p. 182, 38 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. irus, and appended Edwards’ description of the early stages of Henrzcz to the description of a butterfly which ¢s not enrict, but polios. In distinguishing between folios and irus, itis quite clear that Fernald was misled by Strecker’s misidentification into believing that what he called FHenrici (really polios) was the species bred by Mr. Edwards, and the form described by Grote and Robinson. Following Fernald, both French, G. H.,? and Maynard, C. J.,* give, under the name enric?, a brief diagnosis of fo/tos, contrasting it with irus. One other reference deserves attention in this connection, showing how the true Hez7zci has been lost sight of in the maze of literary error, In the “ Butterflies of New Hampshire ” (Technical Bull. No. 1, N. H. Coll. Agr. Exp. Sta., Durham, tgor), Fiske, W. F., gives Afenrict as a synonym of ¢rvws in the caption of species No. 43, p. 45, and then (under - irus) discusses folios, as may be inferred from the statement that he has taken the species as early as April roth; or possibly he refers to po/zos and irus regarded as one species. In the second paragraph he writes of a very remarkable variety (of zrzs) having tails. This is illustrated, and though the figure is not particularly clear, anyone acquainted with the species will have no difficulty in identifying it as Henri? of Grote and Robinson. That Fiske identified polios (¢.e., the Henrict of Strecker, Fernald, e¢ a/.) as Grote and Robinson’s Hexrici, appears probable from the first sentence under species No. 44 (p. 46), where he says: “Augustus is between Henrici and xiphon in point of emergence.” Evidently some- thing was taken for //enrict, and since it was not the real Henréce, it must have been either rus or folios; and the early emergence points indubit- ably to the latter. [ find Henricé properly identified in the Hill, Bailey and Corning collections in this city (though all specimens are labelled 9 regardless of their rea! sex, probably because no stigma is present in the 4 ), but there is a specimen in the collection of the late J. A. Lintner (now the property of the State of New York) labeled “‘ 7! rus, var. Henrict (New Hamp- shire),” which is a ¢ folios. I mention this for two reasons : first, because it shows that some, at least, of the elder generation of lepidopterists were led astray by Strecker’s blunder; and second, because formerly, while making slow progress through the meagre and much-mixed literature 2. The Butterflies of the Eastern U. S. (1886), p. 273. 3. A Manual of North American Butterflies (1891), p. 144. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGISE. 39 pa toward an understanding of the ¢ws-Henrici difficulty, . spoke of this specimen as “an undoubted ¢ zrus.’* The reasons for my error at that time are, I think, obvious. The Henrici of Grote and Robinson is figured, as stated, in the Butterflies of New Hampshire (fig., p. 45, under surface of 2?) and also in Holland’s Butterfly Book (plate XXX, fig. 21, upper surface of 2). Wright's misidentification.—lf one may judge from the rather poorly-marked specimen figured by Wright as JZossi, the species represented is folios.” At any rate, it is wot the AZossi of Hy. Edwards. The type AZossi is now in the Museum of Natural History in New York City. and the species for which it stands has never been figured hitherto. In the original description® drawn from that type Edwards says of the under side of the secondaries : “ Zhe marginal spots are large, distinct, bright chestnut-brown, six in number, each surmounted by a small black lunule.” And concerning the mesial line (secondaries beneath) it is “narrow, whitish, with a very large and sharp angle at the median nerve.” Also concerning the white line crossing the primaries beneath: “From the ‘tosta entirely across the wing is asinuous white band dent outwardly at the middle, and edged above by a deep chestnut-brown shade.” The wings above are described as ‘entirely bright chestnut-brown, a little clouded, with dusky at the apices and on the extreme margins.” It is further stated that the fringes are “wholly white,” but this is not strictly the case even in the type. How far these characters may be regarded as of specific importance remains to be determired, but Wright’s illustration is a long way from corresponding in essentials with the type or fitting the description. Edwards described A/ossi as a variety of érws, adding that “‘it is quite possible that it is a distinct species ; the uniform deep brown base of secondaries giving it a most peculiar appearance.” Wright says in the text accompanying his figure: ‘“ The essentiai peculiarity of JZossi is the bleached, washed-out appearance of the under side of hind wings, ‘ giving it a most peculiar appearance,’ as the description truly says.” (My italicization throughout.) As a matter of fact, a fresh specimen of Mossz is as boldly and cleanly marked as any species of /ctsa/ia yet named. I am of the opinion that the species figured by Wright is po/vos. 4. CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, Vol. XXXVII, No. 6 (June, 1995), p. 218. 5. Wright, W. G., Butterflies of the West Coast, plate XXVIII, fig. 331. 6. Edwards, Henry, Papilio I, p. 54 (April, 1881). 40 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Illustrations. —Better than the best description is a good illustration, and it therefore seems well to picture the four species which have been confused. Fig. 1 in the plate represents rus, as that species is ordinarily recognized. Godart’s original description is too vague and unsatisfactory to enable anyone to identify 7~ws with certainty. That author himself was not sure that his type (as it would be called to-day) came from America. We rely on Dr. Boisduval, who says that he saw Godart’s specimen, and that it represents the species figured by Abbot (in the Histoire Generale et Iconographie des Lepidopteres et des Chenilles de l’Amerique Septen- trionale, 1833). Abbott’s figures are not exceptionally good, but the species intended is undoubtedly the one which has subsequently been known by Godart’s name. The specimen here figured was bred from the ege, at Albany, N. Y. It isa @. ‘The species is illustrated in colours in Scudder’s “ Butterflies of the Eastern U. S. and Canada,” Holland’s ‘“ Butterfly Book ” and Comstock’s “ How to Know the Butterflies.” Fig. 2 is the /Zenrici of Grote and Robinson from a homotype bred from the egg at Albany, N. Y. It alsoisa 9. - Vig. 3 isa ? and fig. 4a ¢ folios (the miscalled Henrici of Strecker and others). Fig. 5 isa 2 homotype of JZ/ossz collected in Colorado. Though imperfect, the specimen corresponds to the type specimen more closely than any other individual of the species which I have seen. The “ very large and sharp angle at the median nerve” is about as in the type, and it is hoped that this illustration will illumine Hy. Edwards’ description. The large, chestnut-brown spots occupying the interspaces of the secondaries from the margin inward nearly to the ‘‘blick lunules,” effect a photographic plate but little, and therefore appear almost black in the print. Speci- men in the collection of the author. Fig. 6 isa ¢ A/ossi (from the collection of Jacob Doll), exhibiting the greatest departure from the typical design which I have seen. The varietal differences can be seen ata glance, and need not be discussed here. All figures represent the under surface x 1.25. Distribution.—FPolios is distributed widely over the continent. Along the Atlantic Coast it is found at Lakewood, N. J. (Watson, Sunder- land, Cook); Lakehurst, N. J. (Davis, Watson, Brehme, Cook); Jamesburg, N. J. (Watson, one specimen) ; Medford, Mass. (John Rodgers) ; Milton, THE CANADIAN ENIOMOLOGIST. 41 Mass. (H. H. Newcomb) ; Durham, N. H.* ; Norway, Me.*; Orono, Me. (M. E. Fernald, in coll. Cornell University) ; and Digby, Nova Scotia (John Russell), From its occurrence at Medford and Milton, the Massachusetts localities (Needham and Walpole), given by Scudder in the Butterflies of the Eastern U. S. and Canada, for the varietal form of crus having “the outer margin of the primaries . . . . narrowly hoary,” may be safely included as referring to this species. In the Butterflies of Maine, C. H. Fernald says: “ This is a common species in Maine,” and Fiske speaks of it as abundant in certain parts of New Hampshire. folios was taken in 1907 by Mr. Charles A. Hill, of Chicago, at Pine, Ind., in the sand-dune region along the southern shore of Lake Michigan, where Syzchloe olympia was recently unearthed. Mr. Hill took fourteen specimens, and reports the species fairly abundant in that locality. In the west fo/fos has been taken at the “head of Pine Creek, Calgary, Alberta (F. H. Wolley Dod)”; forty miles south of Athabasca Landing, Athabasca’ (McCary) ; Waghorn, Alberta (P. B. Gregson, in the collections of John Comstock, Evanston, Iil., and Alexander Kwiat, Chicago, Ill.). Dr. Henry Skinner*® gives as another Canadian locality, Olds, Alberta. Also in Colorado (Morrison, in collection of O. Meske, and David Bruce, in collection of Cornell University) ; Graham’s Park on Rio de los Pinos, Colo.** ; South Park, Colo.*; and Chimney Gulch, near Golden, Colo. (Dyar and Caudell). Without much hesitation I include Puget Sound (Wright), the locality given for the specimen figured in Butterflies of the West Coast (/.c. ). Lime of Fight.—Species single-brooded, the butterflies appearing (in New Jersey) with augustus about the middle of April, ordinarily becoming abundant before the last of the month, and rarely enduring through May (Watson). In New Hampshire “ earlier in its emergence than any of the allied species; . . . . taken on willow blossoms in Durham as early as April roth” (Fiske). In Maine it “is on the wing during the middle ee cleeiar unknown. So reads the label, though the only Athabasca Landing which I have found on the map is in Alberta. 8. Entomological News, Vol. XVIII, No. 8 (October, 1907), p- 327 *Collector unknown. 9. Misprinted ‘* Cal.” in the original description of folios. 10. Probably careful field work will show that azgusfus is on the wing almost or quite as early. 42, THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. of May” (Fernald). Fresh specimens from Nova Scotia are labelled from May rs5th to 22nd. The few available records from Massachusetts indicate that the species appears there as early as April 25th, and does not fly into June ; specimens dated later than May 12th are pretty well’ worn. Records from the west show that between the 37th and 56th parallels the imagoes are on the wing during May, twenty degrees of latitude affecting the season of emergence but little, if any. Colorado specimens are labeled as early as April 17th, and faded individuals from Graham’s Park and Golden, Colo., were taken May rrth, r2th and 13th. Wright’s specimen, taken May tst at Puget Sound, seems to be somewhat the worse for wear. A ¢ anda @ inthe U.S. National Museum, collected by Wolley Dod at Calgary, are dated June 29th, and are in very good condition, though not perfectly fresh. However, another 2 from the same locality was captured May zgth, the individual taken by McCary some 200 miles further north is labeled May 14th, and the specimens received from Waghorn, Alberta, were captured May 3rd and 5th. Mr. Hill secured his butterflies not far from Chicago, on the roth of May, and all but one bear evidence of having been on the wing for some time. Haunts and Habits.--In New Jersey the butterflies inhabit the low sandy coastal plain in restricted districts where the larval food-plant occurs, and are to be looked for in sunny spots along the roads and in sheltered glades among the scattered pine growth. “They ordinarily fly low, rapidly and for short distances, and delight to feed on the nectar of the early spring flowers, especially the pyxie and (later) the strawberry flowers. They are quite local, ranging over a very restricted field between emergence and death ; one may observe them in numbers at one point throughout the day, and yet a few rods away might wait in vain to see one pass. Mr. Hill took his flitting about in the open over the hot, barren sands, and Dr. Dyar found them in Colorado along a railroad track in the jaws of the gulch, at an elevation of about 7000 feet. Oviposition.—Vhe females apparently do not oviposit much before the middle of May, but during the latter half of the month eggs may be found without difficulty. ‘These are laid singly at the base of the elongate leaf-buds (rarely on flower-pedicels), as shown on fig. 7 on the plate. The illustration is from a photograph (x 2) of the spray upon which a confined female placed four eggs on May 18th, 1907. Three of these THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 43 are visible. In nature they would have been laid on separate buds. As may be seen from the picture, the petioles of the old leaves parallel the stem for a little distance before the blade curves outward. Near the tip of the branch, where the internodes are short, the petioles surround and protect the base of the apical bud, and it is into this protected zone that the female usually thrusts her ovipositor when laying an egg. The Egg.—¥chinoid, flattened on top and bottom, micropyle strongly depressed. Ornamentation a reticulation of extremely high raised lines, broad and losing character by anastomosis at intersections. Interspaces small, deeply sunken, appearing like nearly circular pits. The ornamenta- tion resembles that of the egg of Chrysophanus thoe or Epidemia epixanthe more than those of more nearly related species which I have seen (except that of Jucisalia Mossi, from which it is_ practically indistinguishable), and may be identified at once by the absence of bos-es and the ‘‘pin-hole” interspaces. Fig. 8 micropylar aspect, fig. 9 equatorial aspect. Both x 35. (To be continued.) A NEW SPECIES OF SYNTOMASPIS (CHALCIDOIDEA). BY CYRUS R. CROSBY, CORNELL UN(VERSITY, ITHACA, N. Y. Syntomaspis thalassinus, n. sp. (Figs. 2,3 and 4).—Female.—Length, excluding the ovipositor, 2.6 mm.; abdomen, 1.2 mm.; ovipositor, 1 mm. Head transverse, abruptly convergent behind the eyes, seen from in Fic. 2. —Antenna of male. Vic. Fic. 4.—Stigmal region of wing. front rounded triangular, greenish-bronze, sculpture of head a fine and delicate ridging, which gives a very fine reticulation; face with a few larger February, 1908 44 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. punctures, margin of clypeus smooth, convex. Mandibles tridentate, lower tooth rounded. Thoracic dorsum finely reticulate, bluish-green, metallic, parapsidal furrows impressed, the median portion of the mesonotum extending further back than the lateral piece, and broadly rounded behind, scutellum rounded in front, widely separating the axille, margined ‘and evenly rounded behind, the transverse stria distinct; axille prominent, acute mesally and rounded in front. Thoracic pleura delicately sculptured except metepisternum and the sclerites behind it. Propodium short, transverse, nearly smooth, very finely rugulose longitudinally. Spiracles oblique, elliptical. Scape and pedicel of antennz metallic, scape finely shingled, funicle dark brown, clothed with short but stout hairs, scape rather short, slender, pedicel obconic, about as long as first joint of funicle, succeeding joints subequal, gradually wider, club obtusely rounded, white longitudinal ridges on funicle joints, with their bases in one row, and all extend to tip of segment. Legs metallic-green ; knees, tip of tibia and tarsi dull, whitish- yellow, last tarsal joint somewhat dusky; posterior coxe irregularly reticulate. Wings hyaline, stigmal vein shorter than diameter of club, the four sensoria arranged in a curved line, concave behind. Abdomen seen from above conic-oval, bluish-green, metallic, second dorsal segment smooth, posterior segments with a hexagonal pavement- like sculpture, posterior margin biconvex, very deeply incised at middle, segment 5 longer than 3 and 4 together, posterior margin of 3 deeply incised, 4 and 5 less deeply, 6 truncate behind. Cerci bearing several long, stiff hairs. Ovipositor dark brown, tip lighter. Male.—Length, 1.2 mm.; abdomen, .8 mm. Resembles the female very closely in colour. The antenns are somewhat stouter. Posterior margin of abdoininal segments not so deeply incised as in female. Described from numerous specimens reared from timothy grass and orchard grass. Parasitic on an Isosoma and another Chalcid as yet undetermined. Ithaca, Amsterdam, Lake Keuka, Oneonta, Kingston, Cranberry Creek, Remsen, Elmira, Lowville, Bluff Point, Cortland, and Victor, N. Y. Types in Cornell University collection. : THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 45 SOME NEW NEMATID SAWFLIES FROM COLORADO. BY S. A. ROHWER, BOULDER, COLORADO. The following descriptions are based principally on material collected by myself during the past summer. One new species is described from the collection of the Colorado Agricultural College; the rest are in my own collection. Many thanks are due to Professor T. D. A. Cockerell for going over all the descriptions. The work is a contribution from the laboratory of Systematic Zoology in the University of Colorado. I am greatly indebted to Professor C. P. Gillette for the loan of the collections belonging to the Colorado Agricultural College. The following descriptions of Pontania galls seen at Florissant, Colo- rado, may be of some use. On Salix brachycarpa, Nutt. : (1) Monothala- mous ; springing from lower side of leaf; arranged along the midrib ; globular ; colour pale pinkish ; measurements before maturity 8 mm. (2) Monothalamous ; bisecting leaf; attached near petiole in clusters of two to four ; bright rose colour above, pinkish below ; measurements before maturity, 1o-12 mm.; similar to P. resinicola, Marl. Another Potanza gall on Salix sp., is much like P. Bruneri, Marl, but did not bisect the leaf, and was attached along the midrib; only one monothalamous gali on each leaf. The Salix belongs to Zongifolie as defined by Dr. Rydberg in his Flora of Colorado (Bul. 100 Colo. Agricultural College) and probably is S. exigua. Pontania leucostoma, n. sp.— g. Length, 5mm. Moderately robust; head nearly as wide as thorax ; clypeus shallowly, circularly emarginate, lobes broad, rounded ; ocellar basin distinct, walls rounded ; antennal fovea broad, shallow. elongate ; antenne extending beyond thorax, third and fourth joints equal, fifth shorter ; joints somewhat nodose at tips ; - vertex back of ocelli with a few well-defined punctures ; mesothorax above with a few small, more indistinct punctures. Venation of primaries nor- mal; secondaries with the lower discal cell longer and wider than upper, claws deeply notched, inner ray shorter and somewhat slender. Colour in general shining black; face below antennz, except two black spots below antenne, clypeus, labrum, mandibles, except tips which are piceous, posterior angles of pronotum, tegule, base of costa, apex of ante- rior coxz whitish ; posterior orbits, upper orbits, inner orbits narrowly, apex of four hind coxz, trochanters (coxe and trochanters are inclined to pallid), meso-femora except a narrow line above, meso-tibize, meta-femora February, 1908 46 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIBT. except a broad line above and below, meta-tibie except at apex, venter near apex, and edges of the hypopygium ferrugino-testaceous ; meso-tarsi and palpi brown ; hind tarsi black. Wings dusky hyaline; costa, except at base which is white, and stigma yellow-brown ; rest of the nervures brown. “ Habitat.— Boulder, Colo., May 22, 1907 (S. A. Rohwer), on foliage of Populus angustifolia. In Marlatt’s Revision of the Nematinz (Tech. Ser. No. 3, U. S. Dept. Ag.) this species runs to P. pisum, Walsh, but it is not that, and may be separated from it by the short fifth antennal joint, different shape of the clypeus, not having the third cubital quadrate, the black antenne, black line on femora above, yellowish-brown stigma, etc. It also seems to be related to P. glinka, Kincaid, but may be separated from that species by the unequal tarsal claws, the lower margin of the stigma being rounded, etc. Pontania brachycarpa, n.sp.— @. Length, 4% mm. Head almost as wide as thorax; seen from above broadly rectangular ; clypeus angularly emarginate, lobes triangular, ocellar basin. shallow, the walls broad and rounded ; ocellar basin with small, dense punctures ; antennal fovea dis- tinct ; antennz stout, extending about to basal plates, fourth and fifth joints equal, third longer ; frontal crest slightly emarginate. Third cubital _cell sub-quadrate ; upper discal cell of hind wings slightly exceeding the lower ; claws deeply notched, the inner ray shorter and somewhat stouter ; sheath with long brownish hairs. Colour in general black; clypeus, labrum, mandibles, except tips which are piceous, cheeks, face, somewhat between the antenne, upper and posterior orbits broadly, inner orbits narrowly, extreme angle of pronotum, tegule, coxe except base, trochanters, femora, tibiz and tarsi,extreme tip of last dorsal segment, last ventral segment slightly, pale reddish yellow, coxe and trochanters inclined to pallid; palpi brown ; tarsi (especially the posterior ones) and apex of posterior tibia infuscate. Wings hyaline ; nervures dark brown, costa white at base. Habitat.—Florissant, Colo., June 16, 1907 (S. A. Rohwer) on foliage of Salix brachycarpa. This species is closely related to P. pisum, Walsh, but may be sepa- rated by the following characters: Head not so wide as thorax, upper discal cell slightly exceeding the lower, claws with inner ray shorter and stouter ; pronotum mostly black. It is also somewhat related to ?. comsors, Marl. (Can. Ent., Dec., 1898), and may be known from it by the subquadrate third cubital, black sheath and venter and the apical half of the abdomen being black. It also has much general resemblance to P. /eucostoma, THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 47 n. sp., but is smaller, the wings less dusky, the nervures weaker ; and up- per discal cell of hind wings extends beyond the lower, whereas the lower beyond the upper in P. Zeucostoma. Pontania megacephala, n. sp.— 4. Length, 4 mm. Head wider than thorax ; transversely oval ; inner orbits parallel; clypeus rather deeply and angularly emarginate, lobes broad, rounded; vertex flat, slightly raised back of ocellar basin shallow, walls rounded ; antennal fovea small, round, but distinctly defined ; antennz a little shorter than body, third, fourth and fifth joints equal; last seven joints with dense, short black hairs. Venation normal, except that the third cubital is rather small, claws minutely but evenly cleft. Colour in general, black; clypeus, labrum, mandibles, except tips which are piceous, cheeks, extreme posterior angles of pronotum, tegul, apex of cox, white; small indistinct spot on upper orbits, posterior orbits on one side very narrowly, trochanters, femora, except line above on meso- and meta-, and line below on pro-femora (the line on the meta-femora is broad), tibiz, apex of venter and hypopygium pale reddish-yellow ; tarsi (the anterior tarsi are much the same as the tibiz) brownish ; palpi brown. Wings hyaline ; nervures brown, costa white at base, stigma pallid at base. Habitat.—Florissant, Colo., June 16, 1907 (S. A. Rohwer), on foliage of Salix brachycarpa. This species is related to P. agi/is, Cr., but may be separated by the flatter vertex, broader lobes of the clypeus, claws somewhat deeper cleft and much darker colour. F. agi/is in general is yellow-ferruginous. Pontania maura, n. sp.— 2. Length, 4 mm. Robust. Head much narrower than thorax, small and almost round when seen from the front ; clypeus nearly truncate ; ocellar basin with wall rounded : antennal fovea small, round, distinctly defined; antennz as long as head and thorax, fourth and fifth joints equal, third shorter and about equal in length with sixth; vertex rounded ; head finely and densely punctured ; meso- thorax above finely, but not as densely as head, punctured. Venation normal, claws deeply cleft, rays subequal and somewhat diverging. Colour black, except apex of femora, tibie and tarsi, which are pale testaceous ; tarsi, especially the hind ones, infuscate, hind tibiz somewhat infuscate ; ovipositor luteous. Wings very hyaline ; nervures brown, costa, stigma and all the nervures at base of wing pallid, almost hyaline. Habitat.—Florissant, Colo., June 1, 1907 (S. A. Rohwer), on foliage of Salix brachycarpa. 48 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST This species is related to P. atra, Marl., but may be separated from it by the light nervures of the wings, dark trochanters, claws deeply notched, etc. Itis also more robust. It is also. related to P. umga, Kincaid, but may be separated by the nearly truncate clypeus, the tarsal claws being subequal and diverging, smaller size, light stigma and costa, and veins being paler, etc. Pontania melanosoma,n. sp.— &. Length, 3%4 mm. Robust; clypeus circularly emarginate, lobes broadly rounded, antennal fovea distinct, circular ; ocellar basin indistinctly defined; ocellar regions raised ; from lower ocellus running to top of each eye is a broad, shallow furrow ; antennz extending to base of abdomen, third and fifth joints equal, fourth a little longer, head and mesosternum finely and rather densely punctured. Third cubital ceil subquadrate, slightly wider at apex than at base ; upper discal cell of hind wings slightly exceeding lower. Claws deeply notched, rays subequal. Sheath broad, slightly emarginate beneath, acuminate at tip ; cerci robust, tapering. Colour mostly black ; clypeus, labrum, mandibles, spot between an- tennz, antenne beneath, except scape, dark brown; a triangular spot on upper orbit fulvous ; posterior angles of pronotum, tegule, legs, except bases of coxee and is of posterior tibiz and their tarsi, which are infus- cate, reddish-yellow. Wings dusky hyaline, nervures brown, base of stigma and all the nervures as they near the base of wing, white. Clypeus witha few long white hairs. Hlabitat.—Fort Collins, Colo., May 13, 1899. "he! in the collection of Colorado Agricultural College. In Marlatt’s Revision of the Nematine of N. Am., this species runs to P. nigrita, Marl., but is easily known from that species by the circular antennal fovea and the black posterior orbits. Pteronus hypomelas,n. sp.— 2. Length, 5 mm. Clypeus broadly, shallowly, circularly emarginate, lobes small ; antennal fovea not distinctly defined ; ocellar basin with walls rounded ; between the ocellar basin and the eye is a rather large impression ; frontal crest broken in the middle ; antenne reaching to about the third abdominal segment, third, fourth and fifth joints subequal ; head with rather sparse, smail punctures ; pleura sericeous, claws deeply notched, inner ray somewhat shorter than outer. Third cubital cell twice or nearly twice as wide at apex as at base, two and a half or three times as long as width at base; outer veins of discal cell of hind wings meeting or upper cell slightly extending beyond lower, lower discal one and a half times as wide as upper ; stigma regularly tapering from near base to apex. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 49 Colour black ; lobes of clypeus, labrum, mandibles, tegule, legs from middle of femora, last apical segment of abdomen, reddish-ferruginous ; trochanters pallid; palpi brown; upper orbits dark reddish. Wings hyaline ; nervures light brown, costa at base and the entire stigma pallid. Habitat.—F \orissant, Colo., June 1, 1907 (S. A. Rohwer), on foliage of Salix brachycarpa. In Marlatt’s Revision of the Nematinze of N. Am., this species runs out because of the black venter, but it seems to be related to P. atriceps, Marl., and may be separated from it by the black venter, smaller size, the fovea not deep, etc. Pteronus notatus,n.sp.— 2. Length, 514 mm. Clypeus angularly emarginate, lobes round, antennal fovea deep, narrow, elongate ; ocellar basin with walls round ; frontal crest broken in the middle ; antennz slender, reaching about to third abdominal segment, joints three, four and five subequal, the third a little curved; sheath broad, obtusely pointed, without any hairs at apex. Claws deeply cleft, inner ray a little shorter than outer. The third cubital cell one and a half times as wide at apex as at base, a little more than twice as long as wide at base ; upper discal cell in hind wings extending considerably beyond lower ; stigma straight on lower margin until apical third, where it slants abruptly upward. Colour black, clypeus, labrum, base of mandibles (the tips are piceous), coxze, except at base of posterior ones, trochanters, posterior angles of pronotum and tegulze whitish; upper posterior and superior orbits broadly, legs from trochanters, except a thin black line above and below on posterior femora, apical segment of abdomen and sheath somewhat, ferruginous ; palpi brown. Wings dusky hyaline ; nervures brown, costa and stigma pallid. Habitat.—F \orissant, Colo., June 23, 1907 (S. A. Rohwer), on foliage of Salix brachycarpa. In Marlatt’s Revision of the Nematine of N. Am., this species runs out on account of the black venter, but it seems to be near P. Coloradensis, Marl, from which it may be separated by the black venter, ,antennal fovea vot being triangular, etc, It is, however, closely related to P. hyfo- melas, n. sp., but may easily be separated by the following comparison. Other characters also separate these two species : P. hypomelas. 1. Clypeus broadly, shallowly emarginate, lobes small. 2. Eyes almost round on upper margin. 50 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 3. Stigma tapering from near base to apex. 4. Upper discal cell of hind wings but slightly, if any, exceeding lower. 5. Posterior angles of pronotum black. P. notatus. 1. Clypeus angularly emarginate, lobes round. 2. Eyes oval on upper margin. 3. Stigma straight until apical third, when it slants abruptly upwards. 4. Upper discal cell of hind wings extending considerably beyond lower. 5. Posterior angles of pronotum and tegule whitish. MOSQUITO NOTES.—No. 6. BY Cc. S. LUDLOW, M. SC. Laboratory of the Office of the Surgeon-General, U.S. Army, Washington, D. C. (Continued from page 34.) In the same subfamily as Ce//ia flava comes an insect closely related to Chagasia, Cruz., having the outstanding whorls of scales on the lower joints of the antenne, but lacking the outstanding scales on the thorax, and differing also in that part of the abdomen is scaled. Chagasia (?) lineata, n. sp.—Head very dark, practically black, as is most of the insect, covered with dark brown and white-forked scales, the latter on the vertex and cephalad part of the occiput, very long slender white scales projecting forward between the eyes, dark bristles near the eyes ; antenne very dark, verticels and pubescence white, basal joint brown, with white upright flat scales, rst and 2nd joints with white scales, those on the second joint longer, more curved, largely fusiform and out- standing, those on the first joint narrow, flat and more closely appressed ; palpi heavily covered with dark brown scales, rather erect near the base, the apex white, and two narrow white bands dividing the remainder into three nearly equal parts; proboscis heavily covered with dark brown scales, tip light ; eyes dark, clypeus dark. Thorax: prothoracic lobes with broad fusiform white scales and dark bristles ; mesonotum covered sparsely with broad fusiform white scales arranged in lines, near the nape a few slender curved white scales, most of which project forward, a distinct line of the broad fusiform scales cephalad of and over the wing joint, not especially outstanding, but the scales broader than most of those on the mesonotum, a few scales near February, 1908 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 51 the middle of the mesonotum are either discoloured slightly or normally yellowish, two long oblong, bare, black, laterad spaces about one-third the length of the mesonotum extend cephalad from near the scutellum ; scutellum black, partly denuded, but with a heavy bunch of flat, rather fusiform, white scales on the lateral lobes, bristles black ; pleura black, with gray lines ; metonotum very dark. Abdomen black, densely covered with brown hairs, and the eighth segment and genitalia rather closely covered with long flat more or less spatulate brown scales. Legs: coxz and trochanters testaceous with dark hairs and white scales ; all the femora covered with dark brown scales, the hind and mid legs with a white subapical spot on the cephalic aspect, and all of them with apex very narrowly white-banded ; tibie all brown, with small apical spot or band ; first tarsal joints all brown, in the hind leg with small apical white spot extending slightly on the second joint, in the fore and mid with narrow apical white bands ; second tarsal brown, with broad white apical bands, broadened on the hind leg, in which all the remaining joints are pure white, and in the other legs the third and fourth are apically white- banded, the fore leg the more distinctly, the fifth brown ; ungues large, simple and equal. Wing clear, covered heavily with dark brown scales resembling those found in Myzorhynchus ; costa with four small white spots, all apparently confined to the costa, and one at the apex; a white fringe spot at the junction of the upper fork of second long vein; first submarginal cell large, a fourth longer and quite as wide as the second posterior, its stem half its length ; second posterior cell shorter than first submarginal, its stem nearly as long as the cell; upper cross-veins equal and meet, posterior cross-vein equal to and a little more than its length distant from the mid. Halteres with light stem and dark knob. Length, 4 mm. Habitat: Camp Gregg, Pangasinan, Philippine Islands. Taken in August. Described from one very perfect specimen sent by Capt. Schreiner, Asst. Surgeon U.S. Army. It is noticeably different even to the naked eye from most of the Anopheling, but Iam not sure that it belongs to Chagasia, as Mr. Theobald makes the outstanding scales of the thorax of generic value, and states specifically that the abdomen is nude. A new species in one of Mr. Theobald’s new genera has also lately come from the Philippine Islands ; 52 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Pseudoskusea nigrotarsis, n. sp.—Female. Head very dark, covered with very dark brown flat scales, a pale (grayish) lateral stripe, no fork scales ; antenne brown, verticels and pubescence brown, basal joint brown, with a few small brown flat scales ; palpi dark with dark brown scales ; proboscis the same; eyes brown; clypeus brown. Thorax dark ; prothoracic lobes dark brown, with dark brown bristles ; mesonotum covered with dark brown slender curved scales having golden reflections, dark brown bristles, apparently two rows besides those over the wing-joint ; scutellum dark with curved scales, as on the mesonotum ; pleura brown with patches of long flat spatulate white scales and dark brown bristles ; metanotum very dark brown and shiny. Abdomen dark, covered with very dark, almost black, scales, and white mid-segment bands not prolonged into lateral spots, light apical bristles. The light bands are grayish, and not so well developed on the more caudad segments. Venter dark scaled. Legs : cox and trochanters light, with light scales and dark bristles; femora with dark brown scales dorsally, grayish ventrally, and a small gray apical spot, remainder of the legs entirely dark brown; ungues on fore and mid legs equal, and each with a small tooth, hind ungues simple. Wings clear, with brown scales, the median small, truncate, the lateral lanceolate, and the ventral long, slender and slightly curved; cells short, bases about on a line, first submarginal a little longer and narrower than the second posterior, the stems nearly the same. length, and approxi- mately as long as the cells; supernumerary and mid cross-veins meet, posterior cross-vein about one-half the mid and three times its own length distant ; halteres with light stem, knob dusky. Length, 4.5 mm. Habitat: Infanta, Tayabas, Philippine Islands. Taken October, 1907. The abdominal markings at first suggested Skusea funerea, Theob., but the fore and mid ungues bear the small tooth noted for Psexdoskusea. Described from one perfect specimen sent by Dr. Warriner in a collection mostly composed of Stegomyia calopus and Culex fatigans, varied by a couple of Myzomyia Thorntonii and two or three of IZ. Ludlowiti. In the description of Ce//ia flava in the January number (page 32, third line from bottom) the phrase “‘basal joint testaceous” should have appeared as part of the description of the antenne, not of the palpi. The mosquito was taken at Camp Wilhelm, Tayabas (not ‘“Tayubar”). A few other errors are obvious, THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, is SEXUAL FORMS OF TOXOPTERA GRAMINUM, ROND. BY F. L. WASHBURN, ST. ANTHONY PARK, MINN. We have not found sexual forms of the so-called ‘‘green bug” in the field in Minnesota, nor have we been able to rear them outside in cages, but have had no trouble in getting this form in the insectary. Mr. R. A. Vickery, who has charge of our insectary work, reports them as appearing indoors on Oct. 15, shortly beginning egg-laying. The winged males are smaller than the viviparous females, and have a larger number of sensoria on their antennz. The oviparous females can readily be distinguished from the apterous viviparous females by their swollen hind tibiz, by the eggs, which can be seen through the walis of the abdomen, and by the presence of circular sensoria on the antenne. In ovipositing, most of the eggs were placed on the upper side of dead leaves of grain. Apparently one female lays quite a number of eggs. Mr. Vickery reports finding ten nearly mature eggs in one female. The viviparous females continue producing young during and after the appearance of the sexual forms, and young were freely produced in the cold room of the insectary, although the temperature has been down to ten degrees above zero. ‘The following is a brief description of the sexual forms of this species : Oviparous Female. —(Fig. 5.) Length, 2-2.25 mm.; colour, yellowish- green, median line of abdomen darker green ; head and prothorax some- what paler than the rest of the body. Eyes black ; antennz black, except the two basal joints, and the basal half of the third, which are of the same colour as the head. Legs yellowish, tibiz brownish toward the apex, tarsi black ; cornicles greenish, their apex black ; cauda greenish. Antenne slender, hardly one-half the length of the body, no circular sensoria. Cornicles slightly tapering, not reaching to the end of the body. Cauda slender, somewhat constricted above the middle, about two-thirds the length of the cornicles. ‘Tibia of hind leg swollen and thickly covered with sensoria-like swellings. Lateral tubercles small and single. February, 1g08 Fic. 5.—Oviparous female. (Original.) a4 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Winged Male.—(Fig. 6.) Expanse of wings about 4.5 mm.; length of bady about 1.3 mm. General coloration of the abdomen yellowish- green ; head brownish-yel- low ; eyes black ; antenne black, except the two basal joints and the proximal half of the third, which are <= yellowish-green. Legs yel- ' low, the female more or less dusky, the posterior pair darkest ; apex of the tibiz and tarsi black ; cor- nicles yellowish, with black apex; cauda_ yellowish. Wings : costa and _ sub- Fic. 6. —Winged male. (Original.) costa yellow ; stigma paler, the inner edge of the stigma and the veins black. Antenne long and slender, reaching to or a little beyond the end of the body ; third joint with about twenty circular sensoria ; fourth with about eighteen ; fifth with about nine. Cauda slender, somewhat con- stricted about the middle, as long as the cornicles. Lateral tubercles small and single. Egg.—The egg is ovalin shape, about .65 mm. long and .3 mm. broad. It is blue-green in colour when first laid, but changes to shiny black after a few days. NOTES ON THE LEPIDOPTERA OF KASLO, B. C.,- WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF SEVEN NEW SPECIES. BY GEO. W, TAYLOR, WELLINGTON, B. C. Mr. J. W. Cockle, of Kaslo, so well known as an energetic student of the Kootenay Lepidoptera, has lately paid me a short visit at Wellington. He very kindly brought with him several boxes of Kaslo Geometridz, and during his stay here we very carefully studied all the species, with the result that over 20 names wi!l have been added to our British Columbian list. About 12 of Mr. Cockle’s captures appear to belong to undescribed species. Seven of these I shall describe in the present paper, but the others being uniques in Mr. Cockle’s cabinet I shall reserve until further material can be obtained, February, 1908 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 55 In addition to the above, Mr. Cockle brought specimens of 12 species which are new to the British Columbian list, as follows : Rachela Bruceata, Hulst.—Differs from our coast form, R occident- alis, Hulst. Rachela pulchraria, Tayior.—A new species described in a paper read by me last May before the Royal Society of Canada, and now going through the press. Eupithecia scelestata, Taylor.— ) Also described in the above-men- Eupithecia minorata, Vaylor.— ) tioned paper. Eupithecia adornata, TYaylor.—Described from Calgary. Three specimens taken at Kaslo by Mr. Cockle. Lucy matoge vitalbata, D. & S.—One specimen, 6, vill, ’07; previously only known from Alberta. Cinglis ancellata, Hulst.—Common at Kaslo. Diastictis bitactata, Walker.—Recorded by Dr. Dyar in Lep. Koot., but accidentally omitted from our B. C. list. Diastictis denticulodes, Hulst—Two male specimens, June 26 and August 20. This species was taken by Mr. R. V. Harvey in the Similkameen country last year, but it has not yet-been recorded. Selidosema separataria, Grote (?)—This is a species congeneric with our S. excelsaria and S. albescens. It seems to answer fairly well to Grote’s description of S. separataria (from Arizona), and if not that species it must be undescribed. Mr. Cockle has three specimens, two males taken on August 15, 1905, and one female August 14, 1907. Sabulodes catenulata, Grote.-—Recorded by Dyar in Lep. Koot., but omitted in our B. C. check list because the specimen sent to me with this name by Mr. Cockle was Syzaxis pallulata. I have since seen the true S. catenulata from Kaslo. Sabulodes auranticaria, Pack.—One female specimen. Kaslo, June 20, IgO!. The following are new to the Kaslo list, though not to British Columbia : Eupithecia castigata, Hubner; Plemyria tristata, Linn.; Hydriomena speciosata, Pack.; Hydriomena costiguttata, Hulst; Xanthorhoé pontiaria, Taylor; Coniodes plumogeraria, Hulst; Synaxis pallulata, Hulst ; Metanema inatomaria, Gueneé ; Azelina ancetaria, Hubner (typical). 56 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES. 1. Eupithecia placidata, n, sp.—Expanse, 24-26 mm. Palpi large and bushy, porrect, dark gray, much darker than the thorax or abdomen. Front and thorax light gray, thorax becoming lighter, almost white posteriorly. Abdomen above a little darker than the thorax, dorsal tufts not conspicuous, except on second and third segments, where they appear to be black. Wings rather Iong and acutely pointed. Fore wings even light gray, with a slight brownish tinge in the median space, particularly near the inner margin. The wings are crossed by numerous very fine broken black lines ; about four of these are between the intradiscal line and the base of the wing. The intradiscal line is fairly well defined (in the best of the type specimens) from the median vein to the inner margin, where it is much nearer the base of the wing than it is at its point of origin on the costa. The median space includes two faint black cross lines more distinct near the inner margin, and an indistinct discal spot. Extra- discally there appear to be three lines, which are nearer to each other at the inner margin than they are at the costa; the outermost of the three is broken into dots. The submarginal space is nearly free from markings, the submarginal white line is very faintly indicated ; the marginal line on all the wings is dark, hardly interrupted at the veins. Hind wings the colour of the fore wings, a little paler costally and darker at the extreme base ; acute, slightly indented at vein 5. A minute discal dot. About seven very faint parallel cross lines, four being exta- discal and traceable right across the wings. Fringe on all wings pale, with dusky median line almost continuous. Beneath pale leaden gray, with all markings very faintly and diffusely reproduced. The discal spots and the costal halves of the extradiscal lines on the fore wings being most clearly seen. Abdomen paler than above ; pectus white. This species seems quite distinct from any other known to me. I have seen three specimens, all females, and all taken at Kaslo by Mr, Cockle on July 7 and 11, 1907. One type is in my own cabinet, and the other two in that of Mr. Cockle. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 57 2. Eupithecta agnesata, n. sp.—Expanse, 18 mm. Palpi short and inconspicuous ; front almost black ; head, thorax and abdomen above gray ; a darker bar across thorax in front of the middle ; second segment of the abdomen darker gray ; dorsal tufts black. Wings, ground colour gray, with a good many black scales. Fore wings acutely pointed, both costal and outer margins being rather straighter than usual. Colour gray, with brown shade in extra- discal space and many black scales. The cross lines are black, but those in the basal area are not well defined ; extrabasally there is a distinct black spot on the costa ; median space blackish, the lines confused ; the ground colour shows more clearly around the distinct discal spot and at the base of veins 2, 3 and 4, the veins themselves being black. The median space is also distinctly lighter towards the inner margin ; pale bands bound the median space on both sides, and in each case these bands are cut by thin black lines parallel to the intradiscal and extradiscal lines respectively. Submarginal space dark, traversed by a white zigzag submarginal line ; a conspicuous square black blotch on the costa, between the sub- marginal line and the extradiscal pale space ; a black marginal line ; fringe gray, cut with darker shades. Hind wings: dark scales along the costa and between the inner margin and vein 2; the rest of the wing is almost clear of markings, except the reflections of the dark lines on the under side of the wing ; marginal line and fringe as on fore wings. Beneath gray, with very distinct black markings, especially on the hind wings. These markings consist, on the fore wing, of a straight intradiscal line, a prominent discal spot, a curved extradiscal line, heavy and distinct on the costal half, and a submarginal black band, broad on the costa, but becoming narrower towards the tornus ; this line is bounded bya distinct white zigzag line ; marginal line well marked ; inner margin quite clear of markings. Hind wings very distinctly marked with black on a gray ground. There are two intradiscal lines, one median line passing through the distinct discal spot, a broad extradiscal line, then a pale space, then a strong waved black submarginal and a black marginal line, accompanied inwardly (as is the similar line on the fore wing) by a dark marginal shade. , This is a very distinct species, not like any other that we have in British Columbia, but slightly resembling the Aupithecia edna of Hulst, 58 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. The single type is a female taken at Kaslo on July 12, 1907, by Mr. Cockle, and it is in his cabinet. 3. Eupithecia terminata, n. sp.—This species and that next to be described both belong to a group of which the commonest form in British Columbia is one to which I have always applied the name fer-fusca, Hulst. The species in this group are very nearly allied, and with more abundant material I have already been able to distinguish four B. C. forms. Dr. Hulst’s types of pexfusca came from Euston, Washington, and from Utah, the last named type being in the United States National Museum. They may or may not be conspecific, and as they are not now in the best of condition it is not an easy matter to ascertain with certainty which form has the best title to the original name. I suggest, therefore, that the very common western form, to which I have limited it in my own cabinet, snall be allowed to retain the name ferfusca, Hulst. This form has been identified by Dr. Dyar as conspecific with specimens so named for him by Dr. Hulst, and probably with the type from Utah, and it answers as well as any of its allies to Hulst’s original description. If the other types in the Hulst collection prove to differ they may be given a new name. The true &. perfusca as thus restricted (type from Utah and B. C. specimens) can be distinguished from the other species of the group by a drown shade, which in fresh specimens is distinctly visible at the junction of veins 3 and 4 of the fore wing. This is easily seen in all of the 30 specimens before me at the present moment. Eupithecia terminata may be described as follows : Expanse, 25 mm. Very closely allied to 2. pexfusca, but it is a little larger and considerably darker in colour. The palpi (in ¢erminata) are distinctly longer, the brown shade at the junction of veins 3 and 4 is absent. The most easily-noted difference is, however, in the hind wings. In E. terminata these are rather heavily dusted with black scales, especially towards the outer margin, where they give the appearance of a wide sub- marginal dark band. This band is not intersected by the usual white submarginal line, which can be traced in perfusca, but there is a very slight indication of a white dot submarginally in the neighbourhood of vein 1, The margins of the hind wings are not so noticeably depressed at vein 5 as in perfusca. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 59 This species has not yet been noticed on Vancouver Island, and is not a common insect at Kaslo. I have marked as types three very perfect specimens, all taken by Mr. Cockle at Kaslo. Two of these are in my cabinet and one in that of the captor. The dates are June 7, 1906; June 1, 1906, and May t1, 1906. 4. Eupithecia Slocanata, n. sp.—This species is also a near ally of perfusca, but may be distinguished by the narrower and longer fore wings, the very straight costal margins, the soft gray tone of the colouring of the whole insect, there being no trace of the brown tints of ferfusca, and the general indefiniteness of all the lines. The hind wings above are paler and clearer of markings, aud the white spot at the tornus on the fore wings is much more distinct than is the case in perfusca. The types are two specimens from Kaslo, a male dated 3oth May, 1907, and a female dated 27th July, 1907, in my own collection, and three other specimens (roth July to rst August), also from Kaslo, in the cabinet of Mr. Cockle. Allthe forms above mentioned, namely, Z. perfusca, E. terminata and £. S/ocanata, together with Z. sce/estata, were included by Dr. Dyar in his “ Lepidoptera of Kootenai,” under the name Z. satyrata, Hubner (a European species). This was no doubt entirely due to the insufficiency of the material which he had before him at that time. He suggested, however, that the sexfusca of Hulst might be the same thing, but he had not enough specimens in hand to enable him to discriminate the forms I have here characterized. 5. Aanthorhoé planata, n. sp.—I provose this name for the insect that is now passing in Eastern collections as X. fuctuata. I have it from Ottawa, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, etc., and 1t now appears among Mr. Cockle’s Kaslo captures. The differences between A/avata and fluctuata ate not great, but appear to be constant. The ground colour of fuctuata has very commonly a slight greenish or yellowish tint, and the black markings are intense ; in planata the colours are brown and brownish- or grayish-white. The extradiscal line in fluctuafa is gently rounded out from the costa, and curves well inward between veins 4 and 6; in p/anata this curve becomes almost triangular, and the angle above vein 6 is acute. The basal line furnishes the best character. In fuctuata it is well rounded, having three outward and four inward scallops, and the space within it forms a con- spicuous dark blotch. In A/anata the line runs out almost straight to cel), 60 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. and then at right angles directly to the inner margin, where it is much nearer to the base of the wing than it was at its point of origin on the costa, and the basal blotch is not nearly so conspicuous as in /éuctuata. Finally, the outer margin in fuctuata is less rounded than in pdanata. These differences may appear slight, but they seem to be constant ; and, in view of the fact that the two insects inhabit different continents, I think that the new name is justified. I have compared 19 European with numerous American specimens, and I have not found any intermediate forms. ; 6. Aplodes unilinearia, n. sp.—Expanse, 32-33 mm, This species may be best described by comparing it with the known species of the genus. A. drunnearia is brown, so cannot be confused with any other species. A. ru>ripontaria, Pack., Darwiniata, Dyar, and two manuscript species of my own zutermediata from Nevada, and Cadéz- fornica from California, all have the abdomen in the male with white dorsal spots circled with red, and have the extradiscal lines on the hind wings extending from margin to margin. In A. mimosaria the lines are also continuous, but the abdomen has riot any red spots. In A. Hudsonaria and in the present species, the abdomen agrees with zmosaria, but the outer line on the hind wings does not reach the inner margin of the wing. The difference between Hud- sonaria and wnidinearia is that in the males of the latter the inner lines on all the wings are obsolete, and the outer line on the hind wing in both sexes is further from the base of the wing and takes a different course, for while the same line in Hudsonaria would, if produced, reach the base of the wing, in w/inearta it would touch the middle point of the inner margin. A. unilinearia is a trifle larger than udsonaria, but not quite so large as Darwiniata. Mr. Cockle brought with him four specimens taken at Kaslo and dated 6th August, 1907 (a female), and 7, 14, 21 July, 1907 (3 males). The first three he retains in his own cabinet, and the last named is in my collection. Two female moths from Victoria which I recorded (in Can. ENT., XXXVIII., 206) as probably A. Audsonaria, are A. unilinearia. ‘The Aplodes junctolinearia, Greef, is evidently near to Hudsonaria, but Hulst says it is an Anaplodes, in which case it will readily be separated by its lack of the hair pencil on the hind tibiz of the males. (To be continued.) THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. “Om NEW SPECIES OF COLORADO APHIDiIDA, WITH NOTES UPON THEIR LIFE-HABITS. BY C. P. GILLETTE, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO. (Continued from page 20.) During October, 1906, Mr. L. C. Bragg discovered upon the lawn grass (Poa pratensis) upon the campus of the Colorado Agricultural Col- lege, a black Rhopalosiphum that seems to be new. It continued upon the grass through the winter, and-in warm situations, as upon the south side of buildings, it became extremely abundant in the spring. Through the summer and early fall the louse was not noticed or specially sought for, but this fall (1907) it is again abundant, especially next to the walls of buildings and along the border of walks. It accumulates chiefly upon the tender new leaves and upon the bases of the leaves. About my house during the early part of November and first ten days of December, the date of this writing, young and apterous females have been very abundant, and winged viviparous females not scarce. No sexual forms or eggs have been found. In places the blue grass has been killed during late fall and early winter by this louse. Rhopalosiphum poe, v. sp.— Winged Viviparous Female. Plate 3, figs. 1 and 3. Specimens taken on lawn grass Poa pratensis, at Fort Collins, November 17, 1907. General colour, apparently a uniform black, but really a very dark dusky-brown or brownish-black. The base of the beak and the proximal ends of the femora are the only light parts. The tibize are lighter in colour than the femora, and are a dusky brown. The cornicles are lighter than the other portions of the body, and are light to dark dusky-brown. Thorax and abdomen highly polished above. Length 1.80 mm.; length of antenna, 2.40 mm; cornicles, .33 mm.; wing,.4.40 mm. .- Joints of antenna: III .7o, IV .51, V .37, VI .14,: VII .65 mm. While the joints vary some in length, they do not vary much from the above measurements. Third joint of antenna with many strongly tuberculate sensoria both above and beneath; joint four with about 24 similar sensoria (see fig. 2), and joint five with about three near its proxi- mal end. ‘The antenna is upon moderate tubercles, which are hardly February, 1908, PUATE 3: ee —-, eer ee EB OD OF On a aa aera 5 aa oe n emai WOREY PRAT ~ CMar= Rega) "2a B29 288 o> TRO wa Me) S OF COLORADO APHIDIDAE. ECIE — = NEW SP THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 63 noticeable on the outer margins, but are moderately produced on the inner margins, where they are somewhat swollen, as in MZyzws. The first joint of the antenna is slightly gibbous, also reminding one of the genus AZyzus. Wing venation normal, stigma dusky-brown, stigmal nerve strongly curved, the middle ocellus rather prominent, the lateral tubercles of the prothorax were slender or wanting, and the cauda very small, almost obsolete. The cornicles are shaped like an Indian club, with the greatest diameter a little beyond the middle and with the enlargement somewhat greater upon the inner side of the cornicles. The greatest diameter is more than twice the diameter at the proximal end. Beak short, barely attaining the second coxe. Apterous Viviparous Female.—(Plate 3, fig. 2.) Taken along with the alate form. Length of body and of antenna, 1.9 mm. Joints of antenna: III .46, IV .34, V .29, VI .13, VII.50 mm. Length of cornicles, .29 mm. ; shape of cornicles as in the winged form. The cauda is very short and pointed, black in colour, and does not exceed the tarsi in length. The colours are as in the alate form, except that the body is not highly polished, and the femora are not as black. Antennal tubercles rather large and strongly gibbous on the inner sides, as are the first joints of the antenne. Except for the cornicles, the head characters of this insect would cause it to be classified as a MZyzus. The body has many capitate hairs, which are most abundant about the head, the terminal segments of the abdomen, the legs and the proximal joints of the antenne. ‘The vertex is strongly produced, almost tuberculate between the antenne. No other food-plant than blue grass has been found for this species. Rhopalosiphum nervatum, nv. sp.—Described from specimens taken on wild rose leaves and tender stems, in Fort Collins, July 3, 1907. A light-green louse of medium size and with conspicuous black nerv- ures in the wings, common upon wild and cultivated roses throughout the summer and fall. _ Alate Viviparous Female.—Pale green in colour, with light yellowish- brown mesothoracic lobes above, dark red eyes, wings with heavy dark- brown venation, antenne black, except joints 1 and 2 and proximal end of 3rd; tarsi and distal ends of tibiz black, tibiz and distal portions of 64 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. femora and distal half of cornicles dusky, cauda pale green and .22 mm. long. | Length of body, 2.10 mm.; antenna, 2.90 mm. Joints of antenna — about as follows: III .60,1V .43, V.40, VI.15, VII .99 mm. Cornicles, .66 mm., and distinctly but not strongly clavate. Wing, 3 mm. long, ven- ation normal, each nervure terminating in a small dusky spot on wing margin. Stigma long and narrow, stigmatic vein very convex. A very abundant species on tender terminal twigs of wild and culti- vated roses about Fort Collins now. Many viviparous females getting wings. Apterous Viviparous Female.—Differs from preceding by having the body light green throughout, antenna with 7th joint black, and the others light green annulated with black at joints ard no sensoria on 3rd joint ; distal portion of tibize, femora and cornicles hardly dusky, if at all. Taken along with the alate form above. Afpterous Oviparous Female.—(Plate 3, figs. 4 and 5). On rose bushes, Fort Collins, Oct. 17, 1907. Adult oviparous females are light orange-red in colour upon head, anterior portion of thorax and terminal portion of the abdomen, including the cauda. The eyes are very dark red. The metathorax and all the abdomen to the region of the cornicles is light to very dark dusky green. Usually a broad pale yellow or yellowish-green area crosses the abdomen in the region of the cornicles, this light colour sometimes extending to the tip of the abdomen. In some specimens the entire body is pink in colour, the dark markings being fairly uniform. The antenna is pale in proximal half with distal ends of joints 3, 4 and 5, and all of joints 6 and 7 black ; legs dusky yeliow with tarsi and distal ends of tibie black or blackish ; cornicles also dusky yellow with extreme tips black, gently curved and moderately clavate. Length of body, 2 mm.; antenna, 2.5 mm. Joints: III .60, IV .4o, V.-.43, VI .15,-VII .80 mm. ‘Cornicles, .68 mm.; cauda; °25 mim, antenns upon strong tubercles, prothoracic tubercles wanting, 2nd joint of antenna gibbous upon inner side. A few light yellow viviparous females still on the leaves, but most of the lice are oviparous females and winged males now. A few eggs, -THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 65 bright green in colour, were seen upon the leaves, which became deep shining black later (fig. 5). Winged Male.—(Plate 3, figs. 6 and 7.) Colour, a pale greenish-yellow; head, prothorax, lobes of mesothorax above and below and three lateral spots upon the abdomen, yellowish brown; antenne, cornicles, tibie, tarsi and distal ends of femora dusky to blackish ; eyes dark red ; in some specimens the dorsum of the abdomen shows transverse yellowish-brown lines upon many of the segments. Length, about 1.40 mm.; antenna, 2.90 mm. Joints: III .60, IV 51, V .48, VI .16, VII 1 mm. Joints 3, 4 and 5 all haye a row of very small and slightly tuberculate sensoria upon the under side for their entire lengths (fig. 7). Cornicles a little curved, distinctly clavate, and .55 mm. long; venation of wing conspicuously black. Frontal tubercles for antenne short but fairly stout; rst joints of antennze gibbous upon inner side ; cauda concolorous with body or a little dusky. On account of the somewhat incrassate cornicles I am placing this species in the genus Rhopalosiphum, but it has the general appearance of Macrosiphum. This was by far the most common rose louse about Fort Collins the past summer. Described from examples taken with the oviparous females above. Macrosiphum Sanborni,* n. sp. A brownish-black pyriform louse, with all parts of the body above highly polished. From chrysanthemums in greenhouse. Apterous Viviparous Female.—(Plate 3, figs. 8 and 9.) Colour, to the naked eye, very dark brown or black. The lightest portions are the margins of the meso- and metathorax, and the posterior and posterio-lateral portions of the abdomen, The cauda, the cornicles, the distal ends of the femora, the proximal and distal ends of the tibiz, joints 1 and 2 and distal half of antenna, black; greater portion of tibiz, basal portions of femora and 3rd joint of antenna, brownish yellow ; eyes very dark red. Length of body, 1.85 mm.; antenna, 1.85 mm. Joints: III .53, IV .27, V .26,. VI .12, VIL .50 mm. Cauda, .26, and cornicies, .24 mm. *Koch’s black chrysanthemum louse, Aphis chrysanthemi, can hardly be this species, as it was described and figured as having the cauda very short, hardly longer than broad. Macrosiphum campanule (Kalt) seems to be the most closely-allied form so near as I can determine from the literature that I have access to. 66 ‘THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. long. The cauda is very long and stout for the size of the louse ; the cornicles are stout, strongly tapering towards tip and without distinct flange ; 3rd joint of antenna with about 15 to 20 circular sensoria, varying much in size; joint 4 without sensoria; a few stout hairs on joints 1 to 5; frontal tubercles rather prominent, converging towards the head, but widely separated. Thorax without lateral tubercles, or with very small ones. The nymphs are dark amber in general colour. Alate Viviparous Female.—Taken from chrysanthemums at Fort Collins, December 12, 1907. General colour black, shining, with more or less of brown amber colour on posterior margins of the abdomen and in the region of the cornicles ; cox and distal ends of femora and tibiz very black ; proximal ends of femora and tibiz of a light amber colour. Length of body, 1.43 mm.; antenna, 2 mm.; wings, 2.90 mm ; cor- nicles, .20, and cauda, .23 mm. Joints of antenna: III .60, IV .26, V .30, VI.13, VII .54 mm. Joint 3 is strongly tuberculate, with a large number of sensoria. Joint 4 has about ten sensoria similar to those of joint 3; joint 5 has a single sensorium at distal end; joints set with numerous rather strong hairs. For a fuller description of the alate female see paper on Kansas Aphidide, in Vol. III, No. 1, Kansas University Science Bulletin, by C. E. Sanborn. Prof. Sanborn, supposing he had before him Oestlund’s WVectarophora chrysanthemi (quite a different species), described the alate female of this common chrysanthemum louse. It is possible that this louse is the one called by Williams Siphonophora chrysanthemicolens in his Host-plant List of North American Aphidide, Special Bulletin I., Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, 1891, but without one word of description. In all probability it is what Mr. Gahon has referred to in Bulletin 119 of the Maryland Exp. Sta., p. 14, as the “ Black Aphis of the Chrysanthemum,” but also without descrip- tion. I believe it entirely wrong to accept a name proposed as chry- santhemicolens was. If there is any group of insects more than another that need a very careful characterization to establish the identity of the species, it seems to me that it must be the Aphidide. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 67 We have found this louse common in greenhouses in Colorado, and upon chrysanthemums only. We have seen no sexual forms. Lectarophora chrysanthemi, Oest, was taken upon a composite, Bidens chrysanthemoides, one of the Bur-Marigolds, and not upon chrysanthemum. Brachycolus Ballit, n. sp. A long, slender, flat, thrip-like louse with very short legs, antennz and beak, and without cornicles ; body more or less pulverulent through- out. On Carex sp. Wingless Viviparous Female.—(Plate 3, figs 1o and 11.) General colour very light greenish-yellow, mottled heavily with dusky spots above and below, and covered with white bloom. Body very long and narrow; medium length, about 2.25 mm.; width, .75 to .80 mm.; an- fina, .comm. Joints: Ill 1g; 1V .13; V 14; VI.14; VIL .oo mm. The cornicles are mere circular openings midway upon the 6th segment, and often difficult to find; cauda knobbed, short ; supragenital or anal plate bifid ; vertex evenly rounded and quite convex; eyes very dark red and entirely without tubercles ; legs short and stout, the third pair hardly attaining the 7th abdominal segment ; beak extremely short, not attaining 2nd pair of coxe. The dusky colour is usually solid upon head, pro- and mesothorax, and about 3 or 4 of the terminal segments of the abdomen above, and there is a large dusky spot on either lateral margin of each segment. Legs and antenna dusky to blackish ; hairs upon legs, antenna and body short and fine but fairly abundant. Described from many specimens taken at Fort Collins, Aug. 9, Oct. 30 and Dec 3. I have also taken specimens at Rocky Ford, Colo. All our specimens have been taken from Carex Vebraskensis. Apterous Oviparous Female.—(Plate 3, figs. 12, 13 and 14.) Length of body, 2.90 mm.; greatest width, .96 mm.; length of antenna, bey tm, Joints: Ill .43, [V .26; V .25, VI .17, VIL .15 mm. Legs very short ; anterior tibize, .60 mm. long. Eyes without tubercles. Gen- eral colour a pale greenish-yellow, with slight dusky transverse lines, more or less broken or indistinct at each suture of thorax and abdomen. Eyes black or very dark red ; antenna black beyond 2nd joint, but more or less covered with a white pulverulence ; tarsi and posterior tibiz and a 68 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. slight longitudinal line either side of the pronotum, dusky to blackish. No other dark markings. Cornicles absent, but in the place of each is a pore with a yellow spot just before it. Between the antennz the vertex has a large flat bilobed tubercle or prominence. At the sides of joints 6 and 7 of the abdomen there are, on the ventral surface, upon either side, glands that secrete delicate silvery white wax threads which are used to cover the newly-laid eggs (fig. 13). Cauda knobbed as in Ca//ifterus; anal plate bilobed ; beak very short, not reaching 2nd coxe. | Eges.—(Plate 3, fig. 13.) The eggs when freshly deposited are a beautiful pale yellowish green, lightly covered with bits of slender wax threads from the abdomen of the female. Dimensions of eggs,.71 by.29 mm. ‘They are deposited upon the free surface of the leaves or in the fold along the mid-vein and near the base. Described from a louse and her eggs that have been under observa- tion for two weeks in the laboratory (12-4-’07). This louse differs from the characters that Buckton lays down for Brachycolus by having the 7th joint of the antenna short, and by having the cauda knobbed as in Ca//ipterus. No alate form or pupz have been seen. It gives me pleasure to dedicate this interesting species, the first of this genus described in America, to Dr. E. D. Ball, who first discovered it in 1899 upon the grounds of the Colorado Agricultural College. EXPLANATION OF PLATE 3. Plate.—Rhopalosiphum po@, n. sp.: 1, alate viviparous female ; 2, joints 3 and 4 of the antenna of same; 3, apterous viviparous female. Rhopalosiphum nervatum, n. sp.: 4, apterous oviparous female ; 5, egg of same; 6, alate male; 7, joints 3 and 4 of antenna of same. JAZacrost- phum Sanborni, n. sp.: 8, apterous viviparous female; 9, joint 3 of antenna of same. Srachycolus Ballii, n. sp.: 10, apterous viviparous female; 11, antenna of same; 12, apterous oviparous female; 13, egg, and 14, antenna of same. All the lice are enlarged 15 diameters. Orrigi- nal, M, A. Palmer, Artist. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 69 THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. The third meeting of the Entomological Society of America was held at the University of Chicago, December 30 and 31, 1907; in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and other societies. About one hundred were in attendance, coming from as widely remote localities as Maine and California, Ottawa and Louisiana. During Monday’s sessions twenty-one interesting papers on a variety of Entomological subjects were read. An exhibit of specimens and materials was open to inspection, contributions having been made by eight members. In the evening the annual address was given by Professor Herbert Osborn, of the Ohio State University, his subject being ‘‘ The Habits of Insects as a Factor in Classification.” The address was followed by a most enjoyable smoker, at which the members of the Society and their friends were the guests of the Entomological section of the Chicago Academy of Sciences. At the annual business meeting on Tuesday, the 31st, the following officers were elected : President, Dr. William Morton Wheeler. 1st Vice-President, Dr. John B. Smith. and Vice-President, Rev. Prof. C. J. S. Bethune. Secretary-Treasurer, J. Chester Bradley. Additional members of the Executive Committee: Dr. James G. Needham, Prof. V. S. Kellogg, Prof. Herbert Osborn, Prof. J. H. Com- stock, Dr. P. P. Calvert, Mr. F. M. Webster. STANDING COMMITTEE ON NOMENCLATURE. Dr. H. T. Fernald, to serve 3 years. Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell, to serve two years. Dr. E. P. Felt, to serve one year. COMMITTEE ON NOMENCLATURE... Dr. Fernald moved, seconded by Dr. Smith, 1. That the Entomological Society of America hereby endorses the Code of Nomenclature adopted by the International Zoological Congress as the code which should be used by the members of the Society so far as it can be applied. 2. That cases not covered by this code which may be presented to the Society for consideration, be referred to a standing Committee on 70 | THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Nomenclature, to consist of three members, one member of which shall be elected each year for a term of three years, and the opinion of this Com- mittee on cases referred to them shall be reported to the Society at the first annual meeting subsequent to their reference to the Committee. Mr. Bradley moved to amend by striking out the second clause, because entomology should not be treated as distinct from zoology in general, and because the Commission on Nomenclature established by the International Congress of Zoology is the sufficient and proper body before which to bring such question for decision. Dr. Fernald stated that the reports of the Commission on Nomencla- ture of the International Congress of Zoology are greatly delayed by the fact that the Congress meets only once in three years, and by the rule that a question must be presented at least a year before the meeting at which it is to be considered. It was not the intention of the mover that the Committee should act in opposition to or independently from the Commission on Nomenclature, but that it should be instrumental in voicing the needs of entomology before that body, which should be the final court of reference. With that explanation, the amendment was withdrawn and motion passed, PUBLICATION OF A JOURNAL. Perhaps the most important act of the meeting was embodied in the following resolutions adopted by the Executive Committee and confirmed | by the Society : 1. That the Society undertake a publication to be called ‘‘ Annals of the Entomological Society of America,” to be issued in quarterly fascicles. 2. That it include only papers of importance or marked merit, and that each be issued and bound separately as well as in fascicles, so that each paper may be sold separately. 3. That proceedings of the meetings be included either at the beginning or end of each volume, and form one separate, which is to be sent to all members of the Society. 4. That a subscription price of $1.00 in addition to the membership fee be charged members for the annals, and that the subscription price to non-members, libraries, etc., be $3.00. 5. That an Editorial Board be selected by the Executive Committee, and that this Board shall select one of its members as managing editor, who, with his associates, shall be responsible for the selection of material to be published. Led THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 71 6. That if possible some one living in a suitable location, and who can undertake the work of managing editor for a series of years, be selected for this position. 7. That details not covered in this report are to be determined by the Editorial Board. 8. That actual publication under the provisions of this report be inaugurated as soon as possible. It will be seen from the above that all members will receive the number containing the full proceedings of the meetings free, and upon payment of $1.00 the entire annals, while the regular subscription price to non-members will be $3.00. A resolution was passed limiting the number of Fellows for the present to 10% of the membership. The meeting then adjourned, to meet next December in Baltimore. During the sessions the Executive Committee elected the following Fellows: Justus Watson Folsom, William Joseph Holland, Clarence Preston Gillette, Lawrence Bruner, Mark Vernon Slingerland, Henry Clinton Fall, Charles Lester Marlatt. Twenty new members were also elected. J. C. Brap.ey, Secretary-Treasurer. SYNCHLOE LANCEOLATA, BOISDUVAL, WITH A DESCRIP- TION OF A RELATED SPECIES FROM SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. BY FORDYCE GRINNELL, JR., PASADENA, CALIF. The purpose of this paper is to give a description of an interesting species of Synchloe related to Zanceo/ata, Boisduval. Synchloe lanceolata was described in 1852, and again in the second paper in 1869, in the classical and historically interesting paper, “ Lépi- doptéres de la Californie.” The type locality was given as ‘‘ Montagnes de la Juba,” and that of Dr. Behr's Edwardsii, described subsequently, as “ Downieville, Sierra county” ; while my specimens are from Plumas county, to the northward, but in the same faunal area, and so are really typical. : Synchloe lanceolata (Boisduval), Dyar. g. Upper side white. Primaries with a comparatively large, black lunule at end of cell, with the concave side turned towards the apex of the wing. Apices more or less shaded with brown scales, especially along the nervules. Hind wings white. Under side, wood-brown, with faint traces February, 1908 iz THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. - of ochre yellow along veins and in the apices. Discal spot more curved than above. On the hind wings the colour is more dense towards the costa. A large white, slightly tapering streak, directed inwardly. Ex- panse, 40 mm. 2. Similar to the male, but larger. Synchloe australis, new species. ¢. Upper side: Primaries, white; apex rather densely shaded with blackish-brown, especially along the veins, gradually thinning out towards the inner margin. The discal spot is simply a blackish-brown dash, oblique. Hind wings white, the markings of the under side giving it a diluted appearance. Under side: Primaries white, the apices suffused with lavender-gray, lightly marked with the prevailing colour of the secondaries, and also along the costa to the base. Discal spot larger and slightly crescent-shaped. Secondaries varying from drab to olive or hair- brown, mottled in dashes and streaks, densest along veins and towards base and costa. The white dash is comparatively small. Antenne annu- lated ; club dark brown, tip yellowish. Thorax and base of wings, black- ish-brown. Expanse, 50 mm. @. Similar to the male. Types, t ¢ and 2 2 9, inthe collection of the author. Five topo- types in the collection of V. L. Clémence. Types locality: Arroyo Seco Canon and Millard Canon, Pacific slope of the St. Gabriel Mountains, Los Angeles county, California. Ele- vation 2,500 feet. April 6, 1899, and April 8, 1907. I have thirteen typical specimens of Zanceo/ata from Plumas county, Calif., July, 1902, before me. These two species differ so decidedly in practically all points that they can hardly be confused by anyone ; the density of the apical shading, the shape of the discal spot, the exact colouring of the under side of the secondaries particularly, and the white dash, are all distinctive and easily- observed characters. Thecolour of the under side of the secondaries has heretofore been very vaguely indicated, but here they are very important, so I have consulted Ridgway’s ‘‘Nomenclature of Colours” for the correct ones. Students of butterflies have sadly neglected the comparative study of the species to the minutest details, and their relation to the evolution of the physiography of the region ; before we can gain any knowledge of the evolution, origin and distribution of the butterflies, the study of physiog- raphy must be taken up along with the butterfly structure. =< THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Synchloe australis and lanceolata are Transition Zone species ; /ance- o/ata belongs to the Sierra Nevadan faunal area, while austradis belongs to the Southern Sierran. The relation of these forms to the evolution of the physiography of the country will be undertaken at some future time. Mr. E. K. Harvey, of Los Angeles, has four specimens of australis in his collection captured in Eaton Canon in the San Gabriel Mountains, on the following dates: March 16 and 21, rgor, and April 2r, 1899. Three males and one female. Mr. Harvey has noticed the striking dif- ferences between these and specimens of typical /anceolata which he possesses from Siskiyou county and Placer county. W. G. Wright, in his ‘ Butterflies of the West Coast,” refers to this species as the southern form of /anceo/ata ; he does not refer to the dis- tinctive characters of the under side, only saying that the apices are a little darker. He figures only the upper side, his specimens being from ** City Creek, Cal.,” near San Bernardino. The localities in Mr. Wright’s book are very vague and indefinite, his descriptions likewise, all of which lessen the value of the book. In conclusion, I will give in synoptical form the characters of these two species, to help in their readier discrimination : 1. Discal spot crescent shaped ; apical shading comparatively obscure ; under side of secondaries wood brown and ochre yellow ; white dash TEES ss > .